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Open Access Article
1 - Analysis of Kuroshio Current Converter as Renewable and Environmentally Friendly Power Plant
امیر قائدیIntroduction: Among different renewable energy sources, ocean is considered as one of the renewable energy sources that has a wide geographical range. Marine currents have different categories that tidal currents are among these currents. Near Japan, there is a current MoreIntroduction: Among different renewable energy sources, ocean is considered as one of the renewable energy sources that has a wide geographical range. Marine currents have different categories that tidal currents are among these currents. Near Japan, there is a current in the ocean known as the Kuroshio Current, which has a high potential for generating electricity. These currents have speed and consequently kinetic energy and can generate electricity by using turbines installed deep in the ocean. One of the problems that these currents have is that they change over time and therefore the power generation of energy converters of Kuroshio currents also varies. Therefore, the effect of these changes on different aspects of these converters such as reliability should be investigated. Materials and Methods: In the reliability model of the current converter, both the component failure and output power variations, which are caused by the change in the speed of ocean currents are considered. Results and Discussion: In this part, a Kuroshio Current energy converter that includes a turbine with a diameter of 2 meters is considered. In this part, the reliability indices of a sample test system are obtained, and then the effect of Kuroshio Current power plants on these indices is evaluated. The results show that as the peak load of the system increases, the reliability of the system deteriorates. Conclusion: In this paper, the reliability model of Kuroshio Current converters is obtained. Numerical results conclude that the Kuroshio Current converters can improve reliability indices of power system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Rantyr Government and the Democratic Process Case Study: The Countries geopolitical Region Persian Gulf
Hojat Mahkoeui Maryam Shabani Hasan BavirOne of the issues that is a major concern for countries in governance in this century, also called the third millennium, is the discussion of democracy. Today, democracy is recognized as one of the ways of government, which has a great ability to meet the demands of seg MoreOne of the issues that is a major concern for countries in governance in this century, also called the third millennium, is the discussion of democracy. Today, democracy is recognized as one of the ways of government, which has a great ability to meet the demands of segments and groups living in a territorial territory. In Gulf countries with huge oil and gas energy reserves, the process of establishing democracy has been influenced by oil rents and the economy of oil sales. These countries are mainly referred to as rentier states. This article examines the effects of oil rents on the process of democracy and its establishment in the Persian Gulf countries in a descriptive - analytical way and using library resources and internet resources. The results show that in the Gulf countries, which are rich in oil and gas sales and huge reserves of this type of energy, the money from the sale of these resources has challenged the process and the establishment of democracy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Designing the development model of surrogate parenting with a qualitative approach (case study: managers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Asadolah Hassanzadeh Deloi Amir Hossein Mohammad Davoudi محمد علی حسینی Akhtar JamaliSuccession planning includes identifying future leaders, changing ownership, transferring control and management, and developing leaders in alignment with the organizational vision. In a way, succession planning provides continuity and long-term sustainability for an or MoreSuccession planning includes identifying future leaders, changing ownership, transferring control and management, and developing leaders in alignment with the organizational vision. In a way, succession planning provides continuity and long-term sustainability for an organization. The aim of the current research was to present a model for the development of succession in managers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. This research is practical in terms of its purpose, and in terms of the field-library data collection method and the nature of the data is qualitative. The research method was qualitative content analysis, the participants of the statistical population were 13 experts from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, who were selected by purposeful and judgmental sampling, and the sampling continued until the theoretical saturation was reached. The data collection tool in this section is a semi-structured interview. The method of data collection was triangulation and the data was analyzed using conventional content analysis method. Based on the results, 55 indicators and 11 components were extracted for the development of surrogacy. These 11 components included: organizational factors, organizational behavior, negative organizational consequences, positive consequences of succession, organization employees, extra-organizational environment, organization managers, human resource management, succession barriers, job characteristics, talent management strategy. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Evaluating the effects of the rentier economy on the expansion of suburbanization in Tehran metropolis (Case study: District 19 of Tehran)
سیدمجتبی نجاتی majid vali Dhareeatpanahi Tahmini DanialiCurrently, the existence of economic rents in the field of housing and land has faced serious challenges in urban and rural areas around big cities. In fact, rent groups without social investment or productive activities are dependent on various types of income. They be MoreCurrently, the existence of economic rents in the field of housing and land has faced serious challenges in urban and rural areas around big cities. In fact, rent groups without social investment or productive activities are dependent on various types of income. They benefit from the sale of gifts and natural resources. This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of the rentier economy on the expansion of marginalization in the 19th district of Tehran metropolis. This research is applied in terms of targeting and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In order to collect data and information, two methods of library-documents and field method of survey have been used. The statistical population of this research is 35 people from the fields of rural planning, urban planning, urban planning, sociology and economic sciences. In order to analyze the data and information obtained, mean test and binomial test were used in spss software. The findings showed that in the context of the effective factors of the rentier economy and its role in the formation of informal settlements in the 19th district of Tehran, increasing capital and liquidity for profiteers and profit-seeking managers, the existence of the necessary facilities for micro and individual entrepreneurship for officials and Beneficiaries, defects of the urban plans of the land exchange play the most effects in this field. Based on the findings, factors such as the increase in the land game exchange, the ineffectiveness of the laws over time regarding the construction of night houses and the expansion of informal settlements, the existence of stereotyped management, the lack of transparency in the discussion of crimes, which cause multiple interpretations by profiteers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Future Studies for Presenting Model of Personal Differentiation Role on Guerilla Advertising with Using Perceptron Artificial Neural Network
tara taefi vahidreza Mirabi Ghasemali Bazaee soheil sarmad saeidiGuerilla Advertising in Contrast of Definition Pattern, Attempt to Use Simplicity and Flexibility Idea For Penetrate and Attract In Customer Heart to Have Maximum Profit With Minimize their Cost. Personal Differentiation Research is so important for result some side of MoreGuerilla Advertising in Contrast of Definition Pattern, Attempt to Use Simplicity and Flexibility Idea For Penetrate and Attract In Customer Heart to Have Maximum Profit With Minimize their Cost. Personal Differentiation Research is so important for result some side of this Attitude Made by Attention on personal personality. The goal of this research is Future Studies Presenting for Presenting Model of Personal Differentiation Role on Guerilla Advertising. The Purpose is Exploratory, the Method is Descriptive Survey. Two Indicator Recognize such as Attitude with psychology Motivation and technical dimension, personality With Myers-Briggs Indicator Test. Population is Go sport Customer, use classify method to choose the sample, number of Sample with Cochran Formula 277 person. For data collecting have2 Specific and closed Questioner including standard MBTI Questioner with 70 Question and another one with 25 Closed And Specified Questioner Made by Researcher , with use Perceptron Artificial Neural Network by (MATLAB Software). the result of Neural Network Get Fit Model With 92%Coefficience Confidence to Define 4 clearly strategic of Interdependencies between Guerilla Advertising and personality, Attitude Indicator for Predict and analysis the new input and select the suitable strategy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Conceptual Model For New Product Development In Concurrent Engineering Environment
S. M. Seied Hoseini S. J. IranbanToday necessary and important of new product, conversion as a necessary strategy for stay in business.Chief companies try to use new approaches for improvement of new product development (NPD) process.One of these new approaches is concurrent engineering (CE). Many rese MoreToday necessary and important of new product, conversion as a necessary strategy for stay in business.Chief companies try to use new approaches for improvement of new product development (NPD) process.One of these new approaches is concurrent engineering (CE). Many researches and studies about thisapproach was carried out or is doing now. In the general perspective, concurrent engineering presenting thepattern that have three aspects of design, production and customer. In other words, concurrent engineeringapproaches try to consider the design, manufacturing and customer of product for achievement thesignificant improvements in business. In this article try to consideration all three aspects of concurrentengineering and finally presenting the conceptual model of new product development (NPD) in thisenvironment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Investigation the Effect of Brand Social Power Dimensions on Purchasing Decisions Based on Customers’ Subjective Readiness Levels
K. Heidarzadeh S.M. Alvani K. GhalandariThe value of a brand lies in its associations with specific mindset and perception of its use in context.In this research, brand social power is considered as the perception that customers have about brandspecifications in the process of making purchasing decisions. Usi MoreThe value of a brand lies in its associations with specific mindset and perception of its use in context.In this research, brand social power is considered as the perception that customers have about brandspecifications in the process of making purchasing decisions. Using French and Raven (1959)typology of social influence, five social power bases of brand are identified which correspond to theiroriginal power bases. Assuming the ability of brands to meet various social needs of customers,markets can be segmented, and the target segments can be identified on the basis of those needs.Therefore, referring to Hersey and Blanchard’s situational leadership theory, the readiness levels ofemployees (followers) are generalized to the subjective readiness levels of customers in order toobtain a new indicator for market segmentation, so that, according to each level, we can focus on asingle social power dimension in our market positioning strategies. This research aims to identify theeffect of brand social dimensions based on subjective readiness levels on the purchasing decision ofcustomers. In this survey-descriptive study using random classified sampling, information wasobtained from 382 students using a valid and reliable questionnaire. Structural equation modelingbased on partial least squares was used to analyze data and test the hypotheses. The results suggest thatthe effect of brand social power dimensions based on different levels of customer subjective readinesson purchasing decisions vary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigation the Role of Country of Origin (COO) on Evaluation Consumer about Foreign Product
K. Heidarzadeh M. SanatiThe growth of global competition and the necessity of attention to international matters led thisresearch to engage in one of major subjects of International Marketing fields as “Country of Origin”(COO).This research, in frame of an explorative study assesse MoreThe growth of global competition and the necessity of attention to international matters led thisresearch to engage in one of major subjects of International Marketing fields as “Country of Origin”(COO).This research, in frame of an explorative study assessed the role of COO in consumer’s evaluationabout foreign products. In this way, consumers’ attitude specified about five different countries,including Japan, Germany, France, South Korea and China. The results show that based on COO,consumers’ attitude for foreign product attributes were different, and, just in a few from theseattributes the differences between countries were not significant. Also the results indicate that whenbuying, consumers give the highest priority to Germany (68.2%). but, with knowing the special typesof products, they prefer the German cars or Japanese home appliance . In Hygienic and Cosmetics theygive the priority of first to France, second to Germany and at last Japan and in automobile to Germany,Japan and France respectively.Furthermore, in this research the effect of demographic variables were considered too. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - A Model for Strategic Parenting in Iran Khodro
P. Jafari P. ParsaThe purpose of this study is to develop a model for strategic parenting in Iran Khodro. The followingobjects are considered:to recognize the specifications of strategic holding-parenting style in the world;A- to determine the existing situation of Iran Khodro Group from MoreThe purpose of this study is to develop a model for strategic parenting in Iran Khodro. The followingobjects are considered:to recognize the specifications of strategic holding-parenting style in the world;A- to determine the existing situation of Iran Khodro Group from a holding–parenting style point ofview; and to present a suitable model for the Iran Khodro strategic parenting style.Most existing research employs a descriptive measurement. Library studying, semi-structured verbalinterviews, and two ascertained questionnaires were used for the present reserach. thirty literaturereview reveals three distinguished characteristics of the strategic holding-parenting style.Semi-structured interviews were done for 13 persons in order to understand the present situation ofIran Khodro Industrial Group and to compare it with the characteristics depicted in the literature. Theresults indicate that six characteristics are considered in Iran Khodro. A first questionnaire wasprepared to understand the conceptual framework of model and the proposed duties; as a result, 16duties were determined and approved by experts. A second questionnaire was prepared to ensure thesuitability of the proposed model; university professors' opinions were polled in the holding office. Toanalyze the data from the questionnaires, descriptive and deductive statistics such as figuresupposition, multi-variable statistical analyzing, abundance calculation, percentage, cause analyzing,and MPL were utilized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Development of Engineering Structures on NPD (New Product Development) Processes in Industry
S.M. Seyad-Hosseini J. NazemiNew product development is a major competitive advantage of any enterprise in today’s golden market. In spite of the many researches that have been done on the subject of product development, still there is a lack of knowledge of answering to this question ‘ MoreNew product development is a major competitive advantage of any enterprise in today’s golden market. In spite of the many researches that have been done on the subject of product development, still there is a lack of knowledge of answering to this question ‘why some companies are so successful while others fail.’ The main objective of this paper is to introduce the organizational structure and processes of companies in their NPD practices which causes delays, cost disadvantages and missed market opportunities on their projects. The paper then proposes a model for situational analysis and assist companies to compare themselves with others. Based on the developed model, the description of characteristics, weaknees and strengths of companies also has been investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - -Qurān and Akhbār ad-Dawla al-Ābbāsīyya: An Intertextual Study
zeinab izadi Masoud SadeghiAkhbār ad-Dawla al-Ābbāsīyya is a new work from an unknown writer which had an important role in changing researchers view on the Abbasid revolution and the principles of Caliphate. In this book, Qur’ânicization and the Citation from the Qur’an have fo MoreAkhbār ad-Dawla al-Ābbāsīyya is a new work from an unknown writer which had an important role in changing researchers view on the Abbasid revolution and the principles of Caliphate. In this book, Qur’ânicization and the Citation from the Qur’an have four methods: literary use of the Qur’an, putting verses in the new historical context and presenting a different interpretation of them, historization and legitimization by using Quranic terms. According to the intertextuality studies, we can say that the Qur’an has certainly affected this book. The various goals of the Citation from the Qur’an are improving of the writing style of the text, creation of religious space and giving the authenticity to a narration or even legitimization to the Abbasid Caliphate. Moreover, Akhbar ad-Dawla al-Abbasiyya shows that the writer knew the Qur’an well, used it skillfully and his mind is too familiar to words, terms and verses of the Qur’an Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Wābkanawī’s Calculations of the Annular Solar Eclipse of 30 Jan 1283 A.D./ 29 shawwāl 681 A. H.
سید محمد مظفریThe paper presents a critical review of the iterative process used byShams al-Dīn Muhammad al-Wābkanawī (Iran, Maragha, ca. 1260–1320) in order to compute the parameters of the annular solar eclipseof 30 January 1283 from the solar and lunar parameters obtained by MoreThe paper presents a critical review of the iterative process used byShams al-Dīn Muhammad al-Wābkanawī (Iran, Maragha, ca. 1260–1320) in order to compute the parameters of the annular solar eclipseof 30 January 1283 from the solar and lunar parameters obtained byMuhyī al-Dīn al-Maghribī (Maragha 1260–1274). Due to theimpossibility of the annular eclipse in the Ptolemaic tradition, theposition of this prediction in the context of medieval astronomy shallalso be shortly discussed. Furthermore, since Wābkanawī calls hisobservation as an evidence for the correctness of his prediction, thecomputed results have been compared with the true modern data,which established a remarkable agreement between them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - THz generation by a periodic array of a photoconductive antenna of GaAs material in the presence of a magnetic field
Sandeep Sandeep Hitendra K. Malik -
Open Access Article
14 - Analytical approach for the use of different gauges in bubble wakefield acceleration
Hitendra Malik Sonu Kumar Vidushi Dhaka Dhananjay Singh -
Open Access Article
15 - Particle acceleration by three-dimensional asymmetric current sheet
Zahra Akbari Mahboub Hosseinpour Mohammad ali Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
16 - Determination of the amplitude-frequency for strongly nonlinear oscillator by two approximate analytical techniques
Amir Ayazi Hadi Ebrahimi Khah -
Open Access Article
17 - A new form of Grad-Shafranov equation for a tokomak with an elongated cross section
Alireza Seife Khajeh Marjan Samad Sobhanian -
Open Access Article
18 - Wigner distribution function of superposed quantum states for a time-dependent oscillator-like Hamiltonian system
Jeong Ryeol Choi Ji Nny Song Seong Ju Hong -
Open Access Article
19 - Recombination phenomenon in polyethylene under space charge dynamics and its effects on the external current evolution
Imed Boukhris Amal Gargouri Ezzeddine Belgaroui Ali Kallel -
Open Access Article
20 - Analytical study of nonlinear oscillatory systems using the Hamiltonian approach technique
Martin Hermann Masoud Saravi Hadi Ebrahimi Khah -
Open Access Article
21 - The comparison of homotopy perturbation method with finite difference method for determination of maximum beam deflection
Masoud Saravi Martin Hermann Hadi Ebrahimi Khah -
Open Access Article
22 - Generalized representation of Dirac equation in two dimensions
Hamze Moayeri Ali Chenani Alireza Hakimyfard Nemat Tahmasebi -
Open Access Article
23 - Theoretical relation between halo current-plasma energy displacement/deformation in EAST
Shahab Ud-Din Khan Salah Ud-Din Khan Yuntao Song Chen Dalong -
Open Access Article
24 - Effect of substrate temperature on structural, morphological and optical properties of deposited Al/ZnO films
Z. Ghorannevis M. T. Hosseinnejad M. Habibi P. Golmahdi -
Open Access Article
25 - Calculation of current density for graphene superlattice in a constant electric field
Farhad Sattari -
Open Access Article
26 - Cold atmospheric argon plasma jet source and its application for bacterial inactivation
Bair B. Baldanov Tsyrempil V. Ranzhurov Alexander Petrovich Semenov Sayana V. Gomboeva -
Open Access Article
27 - Employing constant photocurrent method for the study of defects in silicon thin films
Hitendra K. Malik Sucheta Juneja Sushil Kumar -
Open Access Article
28 - The effect of varying temperature and O2 flow rate in ex situ annealed tin-doped indium for fabrication of commercial grade indium tin oxide
M. R. Kiyani Y. S. Jalili -
Open Access Article
29 - Nonlinear study of injection process types into the traveling wave tube with hollow electron beam
H. Bayati S. Saviz A. H. Sari -
Open Access Article
30 - Depositions and characterization of sol–gel processed Al-doped ZnO (AZO) as transparent conducting oxide (TCO) for solar cell application
Afrina Sharmin Samia Tabassum M. S. Bashar Zahid Hasan Mahmood -
Open Access Article
31 - Start current and growth rate in Smith–Purcell free-electron laser with dielectric-loaded cylindrical grating
Zahra Rezaei Bizhan Farokhi -
Open Access Article
32 - Instrumentation for modeling of discharge processes in ignition capacitive systems
F. A. Gizatullin R. M. Salikhov N. V. Efimenko A. G. Karimova A. U. Demin -
Open Access Article
33 - Memory effect in silicon nitride deposition using ICPCVD technique
Sunil Kumar D. S. Rawal Hitendra K. Malik Rajeev Sanwal S. A. Khan Seema Vinayak -
Open Access Article
34 - Capacitive properties of zinc oxide thin films by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering
Roger Ondo-Ndong Hans Essone-Obame Zita Hermance Moussambi Nathaniel Koumba -
Open Access Article
35 - P2P Network Trust Management Survey
Seyed Hossein Ahmadpanah Rozita Jamili Oskouei Abdullah Jafari Chashmi -
Open Access Article
36 - A modified differential evolution algorithm with a balanced performance for Exploration and Exploitation phases
Iraj Naruei farshid keynia -
Open Access Article
37 - A Study of Sports Policy in Iran Based on Pierre Müller's Multiple Decision-Making Model
javad giahshenas bon bazari ahmad saee sadegh zibakalammofrad hamidreza malekmohamadiIn the course of sports general policy-making, the presence of parallel institutions as well as multiple sources of decision-making to deal with different diminutions of sports including professional and public sports has resulted in waste of the country's material and MoreIn the course of sports general policy-making, the presence of parallel institutions as well as multiple sources of decision-making to deal with different diminutions of sports including professional and public sports has resulted in waste of the country's material and spiritual resources as well as forces and talents. Therefore, assuming the problem in the Iranian sports policy-making and focusing on the multiple sources of decision-making, the present paper is seeking to concentrate on the biggest problem of decision-making procedure of the country’s sport’s system in national, regional and international levels as well as the present conflict in the conceptual system which affects the constriction of sports policy. In the course of sports general policy-making, the presence of parallel institutions as well as multiple sources of decision-making to deal with different diminutions of sports including professional and public sports has resulted in waste of the country's material and spiritual resources as well as forces and talents. Therefore, assuming the problem in the Iranian sports policy-making and focusing on the multiple sources of decision-making, the present paper is seeking to concentrate on the biggest problem of decision-making procedure of the country’s sport’s system in national, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The effect of foreign exchange policies to reduce the current account deficit (with emphasis on the financial crisis of 2008)
Samira Najafi Estamal Seyed Shamseddin Hosseini Abbas memarnejad Farhad GhaffariBackground: Exchange rate fluctuations and its deviation from the equilibrium path is one of the most important macroeconomic variables that affects different sectors of the economy from various aspects. Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of invest MoreBackground: Exchange rate fluctuations and its deviation from the equilibrium path is one of the most important macroeconomic variables that affects different sectors of the economy from various aspects. Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of foreign exchange policies during the existence of a trade deficit in the financial crisis (crisis of 2008) on the total index of the stock exchange. Method: The present study was conducted using ARDL and VCEM approaches in terms of purpose, application and development. This study examines the relationship between exchange rates (as a control policy to reduce the current account deficit due to the 2008 crisis) and the overall index. Examines the Iranian Stock Exchange. To reduce the effect of the omitted potential variable, interest rates and external reserves are also included in this analysis. In this study, the self-return approach with distributive interrupt (Pesaran, 2001) has been used to investigate the long-run relationship between variables. Findings: Among the actions of governments in times of crises and deficits in the current account balance is the use of foreign exchange controls. Explaining the effects of the exchange rate due to the dependence of the stock market industries on the import of raw materials as well as the export of products on the overall index of the stock exchange is very important for policymakers and activists in this field. Conclusion: The results indicate that there is more compatibility between exchange rates and stock prices in critical periods than in quiet periods, in terms of integration in the long run and short-term causality. Also, the results of the implementation of foreign exchange policies, in order to improve the current account, confirm the J-curve. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The Way of Using Socio- Semantic Features to Identify Social Actors in National and International Newspapers about Iran's Nuclear Program.
Giti Taki Maryam NakhaeiCritical discourse analysis basically is the way of representation of social and political events in language. It makes visible the common – sense social and cultural assumptions which below the level of conscious awareness, are embedded in all forms of language t MoreCritical discourse analysis basically is the way of representation of social and political events in language. It makes visible the common – sense social and cultural assumptions which below the level of conscious awareness, are embedded in all forms of language that people use. In this regard and based on critical discourse analysis, Van Leeuwen (1996) has presented a theoretical framework with socio – semantic features, as representation of social actors, which is for analyzing text. Based on the theory, this study will try to analyze the using of four features of the theory, personalization, impersonalization, association, differentiation, in a selection of national and international newspapers' headlines about Iran's nuclear program during 2001-2012. The study will answer this question that whether national and international newspapers use these features to represent social actors and is there any difference between them in using these features? To do this, 242 headlines of two national newspaper, Keyhan and Iran, and two international newspaper, The Washington post and The Guardian were selected and analyzed by using an analytical- descriptive method. The findings showed both national and international newspapers the features in representation of social actors about Iran's nuclear program but each group uses them differently. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - The Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Aggression and Anxiety of Pre-school Children, (Case Study of Pre-school Children in Fardis of Karaj)
Bahareh Nasiri Zeynab mohammadzadehThe aim of the current study was to identify the relation between parental styles and aggression and anxiety of pre-school children in Alborz province, Fardis city. The sample comprised 60 children,studying in pre-school grade,with their mothers and teachers. Applied to MoreThe aim of the current study was to identify the relation between parental styles and aggression and anxiety of pre-school children in Alborz province, Fardis city. The sample comprised 60 children,studying in pre-school grade,with their mothers and teachers. Applied tools included Bamurind's Parenting Style, Vahedi's children Aggression , and Spence's Children Anxiety Questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPPS 21 and LISREL8. 8software. To examine the effects of predicting variables on independent variable, step-by-step regression was used. Significance levels for investigating the hypothesis were considered a=0.01and a=0.05. Results showed that indulgent style, with direction coefficient of -0.19, predicated aggression, while, authoritative style, with direction coefficient of 0.25, could predict anxiety. These findings confirmed the study hypothesizes. In other words, a relationship was revealed between parenting styles and aggression and anxiety of pre-school children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Comparative Evaluation of the Citizens’ Sense of Belonging to Ayalat Square of Urmia and Hassan Abad Square of Tehran through the Study of Place Identity
S.Rahman Eghbali Razieh Zeynali Elnaz EsmaeiliA series of cultural and environmental factors including (but not limited to) individual and collective values, events, forms, colors and textures shape the place identity. Place identity is a dynamic phenomenon and is subject to change through the time and due to relev MoreA series of cultural and environmental factors including (but not limited to) individual and collective values, events, forms, colors and textures shape the place identity. Place identity is a dynamic phenomenon and is subject to change through the time and due to relevant spatial and functional changes. City squares as public spaces and the places for social interactions have an important role in configuration of urban identity, place identity and people sense of belonging. Ayalat square of Urmia and Hassan Abad Square of Tehran, which both of them have been designed and constructed in early 1930s, have also been faced to changes through the time. Certain buildings with different architectural styles and patterns are added and some of their spatial and functional features have been altered as a result of some repair and restoration activities. Consequently, the place identities of Ayalat and Hassan Abad squares have been changed. In addition, the sense of belonging to place is an influential factor in the assessment of human - place relationships and a major consideration to creation of city public spaces. Nevertheless, the sense of belonging to place and investigation of place identity configuration basic factors are so important. The focal point of this study is a comparative evaluation of citizens’ sense of belonging to Ayalat Square of Urmia and Hasan Abad Square of Tehran regarding the place identity. The place identification factors are considered and specified to define the relationship of the place identity in the sense of belonging to a place. A descriptive/analytical research method has been adopted and implemented based on the direct observations and the field surveys as well. In addition a literature review has been done to find out how far the relationship between the sense of belonging to place and the place identity is studied in the realm of architecture and environmental studies. The result of this review demonstrates that there are a few materials on the subject and may say the research can be considered as an original one. The field surveys are mainly carried out using a Likert Scale questionnaire which was designed to detect and examine the sense of belonging to place in correlation with the place identity indices. In each case study a 100 person/citizens are randomly asked to fill the questionnaire on site in Tehran and Urmia. The statistical societies are configured by individuals from a divert spectrum of occupancy, age and education. Data analysis and interpretation of the extracted results from the questionnaire suggest a meaningful relationship between the sense of belonging to place and the place identity. So, the research findings show that where the place identification factors are scored as low, the sense of belonging to place is dropped to the lower levels. The comparison of the gained results from the two case studies indicates that the citizens’ sense of belonging to the Ayalat Square of Urmia is stronger than the citizens’ sense of belonging to Hasan Abad Square of Tehran, at least in the relevant surveyed statistical societies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The Role of Mediated Experience on the knowledge of the Contemporary Architecture Students of Iran
Parisa AlimohammadiThis article aims to undestanding of Mediated Experience and effect of that on the contemporary architecture students of Iran according to a case study on students of Tehran university and Azad university ( in Tehran) in 2006-2007. With the strong presence of media in MoreThis article aims to undestanding of Mediated Experience and effect of that on the contemporary architecture students of Iran according to a case study on students of Tehran university and Azad university ( in Tehran) in 2006-2007. With the strong presence of media in contemporary life that change the meaning of time and space, people in different fields, because of fast speed, ubiquities, low cost and attraction, obtain major part of their knowledge and experience from medias in scale of the world . Also in Iranian architecture field,with medias, we are faced to a global view which has challenges in itself about tradition and modernity. Generaly this research seeks to know the role of media in learning of architecture students ,that can be seen : major part of the architectural knowledge of student ( in both university) obtain from the media. this knowledge is not deep enough due to lack of enough knowledge to the process of creation, philosophical bases and related cultural and social issues .but medias with high capacity can have a big role in the academic system of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Changes In Iran Building Industry
Arash Ghahramani The population of Iran has expanded rapidly in the last decades notabley in city areas. Current housing construction has been unable to satisfy the demands some imported industrialised, prefabricated concrete and steel building systems wer More The population of Iran has expanded rapidly in the last decades notabley in city areas. Current housing construction has been unable to satisfy the demands some imported industrialised, prefabricated concrete and steel building systems were introduced into Iran to respond to the increasing demand for house building and to improve building construction generally, but these efforts have largely failed. Despite this failure, it is generally understood that industrialised building is the only practical solution to the current problems in Iran of housing shortages and poor quality. This shortages of housing and lack of a relevant construction system to satisfy the demand, are the reasons of this research, and presenting a solution for this problem is, its main aim. Rather than introducing radically new methods of construction which ignore the existing structure of the Construction Industry and construction skills, improvements may be achieved by building upon this structure and the skill. So, neither traditional methods of construction, nor modern imported technology can meet building construction demands successfully; a blend of the two is necessary. It must be noted that besides socio-cultural conditions, any change must consider the present structure of the Construction Industry and the climate natures such as earthquakes in the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - The Qualitative Analysis on Contemporary Approaches toward Architectural Training in Iran
Reza Naghdbishi Shahindokht Barghjelveh Seyed Gholamreza Islami Hamed Kamelnia -
Open Access Article
45 - Investigation of rheological behavior of Marshmallow seed (Althaea officinalis) mucilage under different temperature, concentration, and shear rate conditions
Shima Moazzezi Amir Hossein Elhamirad Leila Nateghi Mohammad Hossein Haddad Khodaparast Fatemeh Zarei -
Open Access Article
46 - Computational Method for Fractional-Order Stochastic Delay Differential Equations
Behrouz Parsa Moghaddam Zeynab Salamat Mostaghim Elham Alsaddat Hashemi ZadehDynamic systems in many branches of science and industry are often perturbed by various types of environmental noise. Analysis of this class of models are very popular among researchers. In this paper, we present a method for approximating solution of fractional-order s MoreDynamic systems in many branches of science and industry are often perturbed by various types of environmental noise. Analysis of this class of models are very popular among researchers. In this paper, we present a method for approximating solution of fractional-order stochastic delay differential equations driven by Brownian motion. The fractional derivatives are considered in the Caputo sense. The computational method is based on bilinear spline interpolation and finite difference approximation. The convergence order of the proposed method investigated in the mean square norm and the accuracy of proposed scheme is analyzed in the perspective of the mean absolute error and experimental convergence order. The proposed method is considered in determining statistical indicators of Gompertzian and Nicholson models. The fractional stochastic delay Gompertzian equation is modeled for describing the growth process of a cancer and the fractional stochastic delay Nicholson equation is formulated for explaining a population dynamics of the well-known Nicholson blowflies in ecology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - An Effective Computational Approach by Hybrid Functions Operational Matrix for Solving Mixed Kind of the Partial Integro-Differential Equations
yaser rostamiIn the present paper, a new method is introduced for the approximate solution of two-dimensional mixed Volterra-Fredholm Partial integro-differential equations with initial conditions using twodimensional hybrid Bernstein polynomials and Block-Pulse functions. For this MoreIn the present paper, a new method is introduced for the approximate solution of two-dimensional mixed Volterra-Fredholm Partial integro-differential equations with initial conditions using twodimensional hybrid Bernstein polynomials and Block-Pulse functions. For this purpose, an operational matrix of product and integration of the cross-product and differentiation are introduced that essentially of hybrid functions. The use of these operational matrices simplifies considerably the structure of the computational used for a set of algebraic equations methods for the solution of partial integro-differential equations.. The use of these operational matrices simplifies considerably the structure of the computational used for a set of algebraic equations methods for the solution of partial integro-differential equations.. The use of these operational matrices simplifies considerably the structure of the computational used for a set of algebraic equations methods for the solution of partial integro-differential equations. Convergence analysis and some numerical results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Solving random inverse heat conduction problems using PSO and genetic algorithms
I. Hossein Zade Shahbolaghi R. Pourgholi H. Dana Mazraeh S.H. TabasiThe main purpose of this paper is to solve an inverse random differential equation problem using evolutionary algorithms. Particle Swarm Algorithm and Genetic Algorithm are two algorithms that are used in this paper. In this paper, we solve the inverse problem by solvin MoreThe main purpose of this paper is to solve an inverse random differential equation problem using evolutionary algorithms. Particle Swarm Algorithm and Genetic Algorithm are two algorithms that are used in this paper. In this paper, we solve the inverse problem by solving the inverse random differential equation using Crank-Nicholson's method. Then, using the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the genetic algorithm, we solve them. The algorithms presented in this article have advantages over other old methods that have been presented so far. Implementing these algorithms is simpler, have less run time and produce better approximation. The numerical results obtained in this paper also show that the solutions obtained for the examples presented in the numerical results section are highly accurate and have less error. All of the algorithms in this paper to obtain the desired numeric results, have been implemented on the Pentium (R) Dual core E5700 processor at 3.00 GHz. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Zernike radial polynomials method for solving nonlinear singular boundary value problems arising in physiology
M.A. Ebadi E.S. Hashemizadeh A.H. Refahi SheikhaniThe aim of this paper is to provide a new numerical method for solving nonlinear singular differential equations that arise in biology problem. These kind of problems appear in various biology problems like oxygen diffusion in red blood cells, distribution of heat sourc MoreThe aim of this paper is to provide a new numerical method for solving nonlinear singular differential equations that arise in biology problem. These kind of problems appear in various biology problems like oxygen diffusion in red blood cells, distribution of heat source in human head and cancer tumor growth and etc. In this paper this equations are solved by a new numerical method by using Zernike radial polynomials. In the proposed method for the first time the operational matrix of derivative for Zernike radial polynomials is derived and by using this operational matrices of derivative of Zernike radial functions the differential equation convert to a system of algebraic equations that can be solved easily. The implementation of this proposed method is simple and attractive. Finally some applied models are presented to compare the results by other method results, and they show the accuracy and efficiency of the presented method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Numerical Solution and Error Analysis for Linear and Nonlinear Delay Differential Equations
Ebrahim Amini Ali EbadianIn this paper, we obtain the solution of linear and nonlinear delay differential equations in reproducing kernel space. For this purpose, regarding the equation and conditions governing it, a linear operator is defined and subsequently an orthonormal complete system for MoreIn this paper, we obtain the solution of linear and nonlinear delay differential equations in reproducing kernel space. For this purpose, regarding the equation and conditions governing it, a linear operator is defined and subsequently an orthonormal complete system for reproducing kernel space is obtained by using the adjoint operator and reproducing kernel function. Then, the solution of these equations is obtained in the form of a series of the basic functions. Indeed, the analytical solution is represented by infinite series, and the approximate solution is obtained by using an iterative method. As one of the main aims, the convergence analysis and error behavior are discussed for the proposed method. Finally, some numerical examples are studied to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the proposed method. The obtained results of the proposed method are compared with the exact solutions and the earlier works. The outcomes from numerical examples illustrate that the proposed method is very effective and convenient. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The new implicit finite difference scheme for two-sided space-time fractional partial differential equation
Hamid Reza Khodabandehlo Elyas Shivanian Shaaban MostafaeeFractional order partial differential equations are generalizations of classical partial differential equations. Increasingly, these models are used in applications such as fluid flow, finance and others. In this paper we examine some practical numerical methods to solv MoreFractional order partial differential equations are generalizations of classical partial differential equations. Increasingly, these models are used in applications such as fluid flow, finance and others. In this paper we examine some practical numerical methods to solve a class of initial- boundary value fractional partial differential equations with variable coefficients on a finite domain. Stability, consistency, and (therefore) convergence of the method are examined. It is shown that the fractional method based on the shifted Grunwald formula is unconditionally stable. This study concerns both theoretical and numerical aspects, where we deal with the construction and convergence analysis of the discretization schemes. A numerical example is presented and compared with exact solution for its order of convergence./////////Fractional order partial differential equations are generalizations of classical partial differential equations. Increasingly, these models are used in applications such as fluid flow, finance and others. In this paper we examine some practical numerical methods to solve a class of initial- boundary value fractional partial differential equations with variable coefficients on a finite domain. Stability, consistency, and (therefore) convergence of the method are examined. It is shown that the fractional method based on the shifted Grunwald formula is unconditionally stable. This study concerns both theoretical and numerical aspects, where we deal with the construction and convergence analysis of the discretization schemes. A numerical example is presented and compared with exact solution for its order of convergence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Estimation of cost efficiency for firms in different technologies using data envelopment analysis
Mohsen Hekmatnia Alireza Amirteimoori Sohrab Kordrostami Mohsen Vaez-GhasemiData envelopment analysis (DEA) is a method for evaluating the relative efficiency of a set of firms in a production process. Estimation of cost efficiency is one of the branches of performance evaluation. Cost efficiency evaluates the ability of producing current outpu MoreData envelopment analysis (DEA) is a method for evaluating the relative efficiency of a set of firms in a production process. Estimation of cost efficiency is one of the branches of performance evaluation. Cost efficiency evaluates the ability of producing current output with minimum available cost. Now let's assume that there are several groups of firms that operate separately and have different technologies, but are centrally managed, or in other words, their source of raw materials is shared, but each of these groups has different costs for these resources. Traditional DEA models do not offer any suggestions for calculating the cost efficiency in such situations where firms are grouped into different technological groups and the input's costs are different. In this paper, using the concepts of cost efficiency and meta-frontier and using the rational relation between cost efficiency and technical efficiency, a method is proposed to calculate the cost efficiency of firms in different technological conditions. There is also a way to use the transfer of units to improve their performance. The method presented in this study is used in a numerical example and a real case application and their results are explained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Numerical solution and simulation of random differential equations with Wiener and compound Poisson Processes
A. Momeni M. KamraniOrdinary differential equations(ODEs) with stochastic processes in their vector field, have lots of applications in science and engineering. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the numerical methods for ODEs with Wiener and Compound Poisson processes in m MoreOrdinary differential equations(ODEs) with stochastic processes in their vector field, have lots of applications in science and engineering. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the numerical methods for ODEs with Wiener and Compound Poisson processes in more than one dimension. Ordinary differential equations with Ito diffusion which is a solution of an Ito stochastic differential equation will be considered. Because for the numerical solution of these equations we need the simulation of stochastic double integrals, we explain the simulation of these integrals in more details. Also one-step and multi steps methods for the solution of affine random ordinary equations (RODEs) which are an important class of RODEs will be considered. The numerical solution of these equations with Wiener and Compound Poisson processes will be established. Two methods for simulation of the double integrals will be explained, and some numerical examples are provided to confirm the theoretical results numerically. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Existence solutions for new p-Laplacian fractional boundary value problem with impulsive effects
N. Nyamoradi A. RazaniFractional differential equations have been of great interest recently. This is because of both the intensive development of the theory of fractional calculus itself and the applications of such constructions in various scientific fields such as physics, mechanics, chem MoreFractional differential equations have been of great interest recently. This is because of both the intensive development of the theory of fractional calculus itself and the applications of such constructions in various scientific fields such as physics, mechanics, chemistry, engineering, etc. Differential equations with impulsive effects arising from the real world describe the dynamics of processes in which sudden, discontinuous jumps occur. For the background, theory and applications of impulsive differential equations. There have been many approaches to study the existence of solutions of impulsive fractional differential equations, such as fixed point theory, topological degree theory, upper and lower solutions methods and monotone iterative method. In this paper, we study the existence of solutions for a new class of p-Laplacian fractional boundary value problem with impulsive effects. By using critical point theory and variational methods, we give some new criteria to guarantee that the impulsive problem have infinitely many solutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Concurrent vector fields on Finsler spaces
S.M. Zamanzadeh B. Najafi M. ToomanianIn this paper, we prove that a non-Riemannian isotropic Berwald metric or a non-Riemannian (α,β) -metric admits no concurrent vector fields. We also prove that an L-reducible Finsler metric admitting a concurrent vector field reduces to a Landsberg metric.In MoreIn this paper, we prove that a non-Riemannian isotropic Berwald metric or a non-Riemannian (α,β) -metric admits no concurrent vector fields. We also prove that an L-reducible Finsler metric admitting a concurrent vector field reduces to a Landsberg metric.In this paper, we prove that a non-Riemannian isotropic Berwald metric or a non-Riemannian (α,β) -metric admits no concurrent vector fields. We also prove that an L-reducible Finsler metric admitting a concurrent vector field reduces to a Landsberg metric.In this paper, we prove that a non-Riemannian isotropic Berwald metric or a non-Riemannian (α,β) -metric admits no concurrent vector fields. We also prove that an L-reducible Finsler metric admitting a concurrent vector field reduces to a Landsberg metric.In this paper, we prove that a non-Riemannian isotropic Berwald metric or a non-Riemannian (α,β) -metric admits no concurrent vector fields. We also prove that an L-reducible Finsler metric admitting a concurrent vector field reduces to a Landsberg metric. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Evaluation of Students' Performance before and after Parent Involvement in Math Educaton with DEA
S. E. Haghi M. Rostamy-Malkhalifeh M. H. Behzadi A. ShahvaraniThis paper describes two proposed strategies for involving families in mathematics education and forming a mathematical association for parents with the aim of involving parents in their children's mathematics education, implemented at one of the Tehran schools, describ MoreThis paper describes two proposed strategies for involving families in mathematics education and forming a mathematical association for parents with the aim of involving parents in their children's mathematics education, implemented at one of the Tehran schools, describing the outcomes and performance of students before and after school. They were analyzed using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a linear programming method whose main purpose is to compare and evaluate the efficiency of a number of similar decision-making units, to compare and analyze them with different amounts of inputs and outputs.In this research, inputs on various aspects of cultural, social, and economic conditions (such as family income, physical and mental health of family members, parents' occupation, etc.) of families of sixth grade elementary school boy students in TALAYEDARAN school, district 4 of Tehran, and outputs The success of the math test is the interest of the students in these math activities in math lessons and ethical discipline Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Presentation of two models for the numerical analysis of fractional integro-differential equations and their comparison
M. BehroozifarIn this paper, we exhibit two methods to numerically solve the fractional integro differential equations and then proceed to compare the results of their applications on different problems. For this purpose, at first shifted Jacobi polynomials are introduced and then op MoreIn this paper, we exhibit two methods to numerically solve the fractional integro differential equations and then proceed to compare the results of their applications on different problems. For this purpose, at first shifted Jacobi polynomials are introduced and then operational matrices of the shifted Jacobi polynomials are stated. Then these equations are solved by two methods: Caputo fractionalderivative method and the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral method. In the both method, a set of linear or nonlinear algebraic equations are achieved using collocation technique. Tow presented methods are implemented on some test problems. Numerical results explain the high performance of tow methods. Note that all calculations have been done by Mathematica software. Numerical results show that it should be used the first method when the exact solution of differential equation is a polynomial and the second method should be used when the exact solution of differential equation is a transcendental function. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - An efficient iterative method for solving differential equations of fuzzy Bratu type
Bahram AgheliIn this paper, we consider the Brato differential equation, in which the boundary condition values are fuzzy values and the purpose is to calculate the approximate Solution. For this, first, using arithmetic operations on fuzzy data, we convert the Bratu differentia MoreIn this paper, we consider the Brato differential equation, in which the boundary condition values are fuzzy values and the purpose is to calculate the approximate Solution. For this, first, using arithmetic operations on fuzzy data, we convert the Bratu differential equation into three sets of differential equations with exact value, and then, using the Tamimi and Ansari method (TAM), the approximate solution of the differential equation can be calculated. Finaly, two examples to express efficiency and simplicity by finding an approximate solution have been presented. Matmetica software has been used for all calculations and plots. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - On the structural properties for the cross product of fuzzy numbers with applications
Robab AlikhaniIn the fuzzy arithmetic, the definitions of addition and multiplication of fuzzy numbers are based on Zadeh’s extension principle. From theoretical and practical points of view, this multiplication of fuzzy numbers owns several unnatural properties. Recently, to a MoreIn the fuzzy arithmetic, the definitions of addition and multiplication of fuzzy numbers are based on Zadeh’s extension principle. From theoretical and practical points of view, this multiplication of fuzzy numbers owns several unnatural properties. Recently, to avoid this shortcoming, a new multiplicative operation of product type is introduced, the so-called cross-product of fuzzy numbers. The main advantage is that this product preserves the shape of triangular or trapezoidal fuzzy numbers under multiplication and from computational point of view the cross product is more applicable than the usual product. The above mentioned properties motivate us to use the cross product in applications as a possible alternative of the product obtained by Zadeh's extension Principle. The aim of the present paper is to give an explicit formula for the cross product of triangular fuzzy numbers based on the scalar product of fuzzy numbers and then, explicit formulas for the length of cross product of triangular fuzzy numbers and fuzzy derivative of cross product of triangular fuzzy functions. As an application, we apply the cross product concept for the first order linear fuzzy differential equations with fuzzy variable coefficients and obtain its triangular solutions under generalized differentiability. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate the theoretical results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - A new method for solving n-order fuzzy differential equation by using polynomial interpolation
Elham Ahmadi Nazanin AhmadiA new method for solving n-order fuzzy differential equation by using polynomial interpolationA new method for solving n-order fuzzy differential equation by using polynomial interpolationGiven the importance of the role of fuzzy differential equations in science and en MoreA new method for solving n-order fuzzy differential equation by using polynomial interpolationA new method for solving n-order fuzzy differential equation by using polynomial interpolationGiven the importance of the role of fuzzy differential equations in science and engineering,in this paper, we study a numerical method for solving N th order fuzzy differential equations under generalized differentiability. In this method a solution of fuzzy differential equation is approximated by fuzzy polynomial in the form of piece wise fuzzy polynomials in eachsub interval of interval solution. In special case, for solving second order fuzzy differential equation under generalized differentiability, according to the type of differentiability, four cases are considered, then fuzzy polynomial approximation in each cases for solving fuzzy differential equation were constructed. The order of the piece wise fuzzy polynomial in each sub interval of solution is two .Finally this method is illustrated by solving two second order fuzzy differentialequations under generalized differentiability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - An efficient one-layer recurrent neural network for solving a class of nonsmooth optimization problems
Mohammad Javad Ebadi Alireza Hosseini Hossein JafariConstrained optimization problems have a wide range of applications in science, economics, and engineering. In this paper, a neural network model is proposed to solve a class of nonsmooth constrained optimization problems with a nonsmooth convex objective function subje MoreConstrained optimization problems have a wide range of applications in science, economics, and engineering. In this paper, a neural network model is proposed to solve a class of nonsmooth constrained optimization problems with a nonsmooth convex objective function subject to nonlinear inequality and affine equality constraints. It is a one-layer non-penalty recurrent neural network based on the differential inclusion. Unlike most of the existing neural network models, there is neither a penalty parameter nor a penalty function in its structure. It has less complexity which leads to the easier implementation of the model for solving optimization problems. The equivalence of optimal solutions set of the main optimization problem and the equilibrium points set of the model is proven. Moreover, the global convergence and the stability of the introduced neural network are shown. Some examples including the L1-norm minimization problem are given and solved by the proposed model to illustrate its performance and effectiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - A numerical method based on Chelyshkov polynomials for solving fractional integro-differential equations
Reza DehghanIn this paper, Chelyshkov expansion approach is presented for solving Volterra fractional order integro-differential equations with Caputo derivative. By means of the properties of Chelyshkov polynomials and numerical integral formula , the solution of fractional integr MoreIn this paper, Chelyshkov expansion approach is presented for solving Volterra fractional order integro-differential equations with Caputo derivative. By means of the properties of Chelyshkov polynomials and numerical integral formula , the solution of fractional integro-differential equations reduced to the solution of algebraic equations. Then, by solving the system of algebraic equations, the solution of the differential-integral equation is presented as a function in the terms of Chelyshkov polynomials. Accuracy and error analysis have been investigated and since the accuracy of the obtained results for fractional integro-differential equations depends on the number of selected Chelyshkov polynomials therefore, with the increase in the number of Chelyshkov polynomials, we can achieve desirable accuracy step by step. All calculations are done by MATLAB software. Also, the numerical results of based on Chelyshkov polynomials method are compared with the results of some of the available methods for the validity, accuracy and efficiency of the technique. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Analytical solutions of differential equations based on genetic meta-heuristic algorithm and ant colony optimization
Nasser Mikaeilvand Akram Javadi Hassan HosseinzadehMany issues are expressed in terms of various applied sciences such as physics, chemistry, and economics, which are concerned with the examination of variations of one or more variables, by differential equations. The prediction of climate, quantum mechanics, wave propa MoreMany issues are expressed in terms of various applied sciences such as physics, chemistry, and economics, which are concerned with the examination of variations of one or more variables, by differential equations. The prediction of climate, quantum mechanics, wave propagation and dynamics of the stock market is some of these examples, whose quick and accurate solution will have tremendous effects on human life, and therefore several methods have been proposed for solving differential equations.The main objective of this study was to investigate the applicability of the antler colony genetic algorithm to the production of experimental solutions and improve them to produce numerical analytic-numerical solutions of various types of ordinary differential equations. An antler colony optimization algorithm (ACO) has an appropriate algorithm with high convergence accuracy and speed for finding approximate solutions for solving optimization problems using probability function dependent on the amount of residual effect of anti-movement. Genetic algorithm is also an optimization method based on mutated and intersect operators with a wide search area that prevents the algorithm from trapping in the local response. The combination of these two algorithms creates an algorithm with maximum efficiency. Examining various examples in the final section of the article will highlight the speed and accuracy of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Non-smooth Optimality for Robust Multi-objective Optimization Problems
Maryam Saadati Morteza OveisihaThis article is concerned with non-smooth/nonconvex robust multi-objective optimization problems involving uncertain inequality and equality constraints. Employing some advanced tools of variational analysis such as the approximate extremal principle and the weak fuzzy MoreThis article is concerned with non-smooth/nonconvex robust multi-objective optimization problems involving uncertain inequality and equality constraints. Employing some advanced tools of variational analysis such as the approximate extremal principle and the weak fuzzy sum rule for the Frechet subdifferential, we first drive a fuzzy necessary optimality condition of a non-smooth/nonconvex multi-objective optimization problem without any constrained qualification in the sense of the Frechet subdifferential. Then by exploiting the obtained fuzzy optimality condition, the non-smooth version of Fermat’s rule and formulae for the limiting subdifferential of an infinite family of non-smooth functions, we establish a necessary optimality condition in terms of the limiting subdifferential for weakly robust efficient solutions of the reference problem. Further,we present an example to illustrate this condition for an uncertain multi-objective optimization problem involving equality and inequality constraints.Finally sufficient conditions for weakly robust efficient solutions and robust efficient solutions of the problems are provided by presenting new concepts of generalized convexity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Supplier Ranking Using Data Envelopment Analysis and New Cross Efficiency Evaluation in the Presence of Undesirable Outputs
Mehdi Soltanifar Hamid SHarafi Seyyed Mohammad Zargar Mehdi HomayounfarData envelopment analysis is a linear programming-based approach used to evaluate the relative performance of decision making units (DMU's) that perform the same tasks with multiple inputs and multiple outputs. Due to the optimistic view of the DEA in evaluating the per MoreData envelopment analysis is a linear programming-based approach used to evaluate the relative performance of decision making units (DMU's) that perform the same tasks with multiple inputs and multiple outputs. Due to the optimistic view of the DEA in evaluating the performance of homogeneous decision making units, multiple units with a maximum relative efficiency score (equal to unit) are highly likely. Therefore, ranking models were presented to distinguish between efficient units. Cross efficiency evaluation is one of the most useful tools for ranking DMUs in data envelopment analysis. This model has two major flaws in implementation. First, it yields different results in the presence of optimal alternatives; and second, there is no compelling reason to use the arithmetic mean to integrate the cross-performance matrix results. In this paper, a new approach, inspired by the preferential voting process and the idea proposed in the TOPSIS method, is presented to combine cross-performance results in the presence of undesirable outputs. The results are then used to rank suppliers in the presence of undesirable outputs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Optimal design for competitive service facilities under certainty using an improved differential evaluation algorithm
mohammad fallah Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam Ali Pahlavani alireza salamatbakhshThis paper presents a simultaneous optimization model of location and server allocation for a company that enters into a competitive market. The goal is company's profit maximization. Customers are likely to select the facility based on price, travel time and queue time MoreThis paper presents a simultaneous optimization model of location and server allocation for a company that enters into a competitive market. The goal is company's profit maximization. Customers are likely to select the facility based on price, travel time and queue time. Furthermore, as a contribution to the literature, it is assumed that customer awareness of the levels of waiting times in the facilities will increase in stages and over the successive uses of the facilities network. Demand is defined elastic and as a function of the customer's desirability of network’s design and the cost of delivering service at a facility is defined as a function of its demand attraction. An improved differential evolution algorithm has been developed to solve the model and sample problems to demonstrate its efficiency have been solved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Survey of partial and directional derivatives of fuzzy multi-dimensional mappings under generalized differentiability
Mohsen Miri Karbasaki Mohammadreza Balooch Shahryari Omolbanin SedaghatfarFuzzy optimization issues have been discussed by many authors in recent articles, inspired by the concepts of generalized Hukuhara difference and generalized Hukuhara differentiability for one-dimensional functions from R to E, and have made considerable progress. In th MoreFuzzy optimization issues have been discussed by many authors in recent articles, inspired by the concepts of generalized Hukuhara difference and generalized Hukuhara differentiability for one-dimensional functions from R to E, and have made considerable progress. In this paper, the concept of total generalized differentiability is introduced by using the concept of generalized difference from R^n to E for multi-dimensional mappings. Furthermore, the total generalized differentiability of the above is also examined and then the concept of directional generalized differentiability and partial generalized differentiability for fuzzy multi-dimensional mappings is defined and discussed in detail. In addition, directional generalized differentiability and partial generalized differentiability are expressed in terms of level-wise generalized differentiability. Also, the properties and the relationship between them are discussed. Finally, the relationships between total generalized differentiability, directional generalized differentiability and partial generalized differentiability are shown to illustrate the power and ability of relationships between them by mentioning some examples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - A semi-analytic method to solve the oxygen diffusion problem
Mojtaba MoradipourIn this paper, a semi-analytic approach is proposed to solve the oxygen diffusion problem.First, we discretize the partial differential equation of the oxygen diffusion problem in temporal direction using the backward finite difference Euler method. We achieve a sequenc MoreIn this paper, a semi-analytic approach is proposed to solve the oxygen diffusion problem.First, we discretize the partial differential equation of the oxygen diffusion problem in temporal direction using the backward finite difference Euler method. We achieve a sequence of free boundary problems in the form of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) in the spatial direction. The ODEs are then solved analytically and a recursive formula is presented to compute the solutions of the ordinary differential equations. The problems of finding unknown boundaries are reduced to nonlinear algebraic problems. Finally, the nonlinear algebraic problems are solved using the root-finding methods such as the false position method. The method proposed in this paper is easy to implement and a comparison with other numerical methods shows that the proposed approach is very efficient and gives very accurate numerical results.Some tables and figures are included to show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed technique. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Solvability of Functional Integral-Differential Equations in the Sobolev space w^{k,infinity}(R^n)
Masoome Hosseini Farahi Mahmoud Hassani Reza AllahyariIn 1930, Kuratowski introduced the concept of measure of noncompactness. Later, Banas and Goebel generalized this concept axiomatically, which is more convenient in applications. The principal application of measures of noncompactness in fixed point theory is contained MoreIn 1930, Kuratowski introduced the concept of measure of noncompactness. Later, Banas and Goebel generalized this concept axiomatically, which is more convenient in applications. The principal application of measures of noncompactness in fixed point theory is contained in the Darbo'sfixed point theorem. This is a tool to investigate the existence and behaviour of solutions of manyclasses of integral equations such as Volterra, Fredholm and Uryson types.The technique of measure of noncompactness is applicable in several branches of nonlinear analysis. In particular, it is a very useful tool for several types of integral and integral-differential equations. In addition, the measure of noncompactness is also used in functional equations, fractional partial differential equations, ordinary and partial differential equations, operator theory and optimal control theory. The purpose of this article is to introduce a new measure of noncompactness in the Sobolev space W^(k,∞) (R^n). The results are obtained to solve integral-differential equations. Finally, by providing an example to show the efficiency of our results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Numerical solution of fractional model of HIV infection in cells CD4+T
Mohammad Reza Doostar Tayebeh Damercheli Alireza VahidiIn this paper, a hybrid function method based on combination of block-pulse functions and Legendre polynomials is used for solving a fractional model of HIV infection of CD4+ T cells in which fractional derivatives are considered in Caputo sense. Using this method, the MoreIn this paper, a hybrid function method based on combination of block-pulse functions and Legendre polynomials is used for solving a fractional model of HIV infection of CD4+ T cells in which fractional derivatives are considered in Caputo sense. Using this method, the system of fractional ordinary differential equations which is the mathematical model for the fractional model of HIV infection of CD4+T cells, is reduced into a system of algebraic equations. This system can be solved by a numerical method. Also, convergence analysis of the method is studied and an upper bound of the error is obtained. To show efficiency and accuracy the proposed method, a numerical example is simulated and some comparisons and results are reported. In this paper, a hybrid function method based on combination of block-pulse functions and Legendre polynomials is used for solving a fractional model of HIV infection of CD4+ T cells in which fractional derivatives are considered in Caputo sense. Using this method, the system of fractional ordinary differential equations which is the mathematical model for the fractional model of HIV infection of CD4+T cells, is reduced into a system of algebraic equations. This system can be solved by a numerical method. Also, convergence analysis of the method is studied and an upper bound of the error is obtained. To show efficiency and accuracy the proposed method, a numerical example is simulated and some comparisons and results are reported. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Classical Lie symmetry group analysis and exact solutions of the fractional modified (2+1)-dimensional Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation
Mir Sajjad Hashemi Ali Haji Badali Farzaneh AlizadehIn this paper, we consider the classical Lie symmetries of fractional modified Zakharov Kuznetsov (which in this paper we abbreviately show this by the mZK equation) equation. Indeed, Lie symmetries are utilized for solving the nonlinear fractional three-dimensional mZK MoreIn this paper, we consider the classical Lie symmetries of fractional modified Zakharov Kuznetsov (which in this paper we abbreviately show this by the mZK equation) equation. Indeed, Lie symmetries are utilized for solving the nonlinear fractional three-dimensional mZK equation with partial derivatives, and by using the infinitesimal transformations and corresponding invariant solutions, we reduce the underlying equation one dimension less than the original mZK equation, and finally, some of the corresponding exact solutions are extracted.Indeed, Lie groups are geometric powerful tools for analyzing and investigating a wide variety of classes of equations such as ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, fractional differential equations, and integral and integro differential equations. Invariant solutions and conservation laws that play a very significant and astonishing role in physical science can be obtained by this method. Moreover, various kinds of this method such as classical, non-classical, approximate and et cetera can be extracted by utilized in this field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Quasi-Analytical Solution of the Painleve Fuzzy Differential Equation
Mohammad Adabi tabar Ali Hosseinzadeh Bahram Agheli Samaneh mohamadzadeh farIn this paper, we consider the first-order Painleve differential equation, which variables and coefficients are real but are known boundary conditions and fuzzy numbers. The goal is to calculate the approximate answer for it. Given the boundary conditions fuzzy, it is o MoreIn this paper, we consider the first-order Painleve differential equation, which variables and coefficients are real but are known boundary conditions and fuzzy numbers. The goal is to calculate the approximate answer for it. Given the boundary conditions fuzzy, it is obvious that the approximate answer function must be a fuzzy function. For this purpose, first, by applying arithmetic on fuzzy data with three components of central index, left ambiguity and right ambiguity, it converts Painleve differential equation into three sets of differential equations (central index, left ambiguity and right ambiguity) with accurate data. do . Then, using the Tammy and Ansari (TAM) method, we calculate the approximate solution of each of the three transformed differential equations and arrive at the fuzzy approximate solution of the Painleve differential equation. Finally, by giving an example, we show the suitability of the method by calculating the error and convergence by finding the approximate solution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - On the stability of unbounded differential equations in fuzzy k-normed spaces via fixed point method
M. Madadi Reza SaadatiFirst, using triangular norms and fuzzy sets, we define fuzzy k - normed spaces and then we study the stability of a class of differential equations. We apply a fixed point theorem to prove our stability results. Radu was the first mathematician who applied the fixed po MoreFirst, using triangular norms and fuzzy sets, we define fuzzy k - normed spaces and then we study the stability of a class of differential equations. We apply a fixed point theorem to prove our stability results. Radu was the first mathematician who applied the fixed point method to prove the stability of functional equations both in normed spaces and random normed spaces. We consider the differential equation υ ʹ (ν ) = Г(ν, υ(ν)),which the related integral equation is υ (ν) = υ (m) - ∫_m^ν Г(τ, υ(τ)) dτ.In this article, by a fuzzy control function, we make stable the pseudo integral equation related to the differential equation. Next, we get an approximation for the pseudo integral equation by using the fixed point method. These results prove‎ Hyers - Ulam - Rassias stability and Hyers - Ulam stability in fuzzy k- normed spaces via fixed point method‎. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Mittag-Leffler-Hyers-Ulam Stability For A First Order Delay Functional Differential Equation
leyla Sajedi Nasrin EghbaliIn this paper, At first we define Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam and the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability and then by using the fixed point method, we prove the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam and the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for the first order delay dif MoreIn this paper, At first we define Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam and the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability and then by using the fixed point method, we prove the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam and the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for the first order delay differential equation of the form I can not transfer formulae here. Which F is a bounded continuous function and Τ is a fixed real number.For interval I, suppose that F is a continuous function such that satisfy the following conditionI can not transfer formulae here.Now suppose that the function F satisfy the following conditionI can not transfer formulae here.which Eq is Mittag-Leffler function. In this case there exists a unique function such that we have I can not transfer formulae here.for all... and ....In the other words, the function F is Mittag-Leffler-Hyers-Ulam stable. By changing in the conditions of F we can prove that the delay differential equation is Mittag-Leffler-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Existence of fixed points for generalized α-admissible Geraghty and application to solution of nonlinear differential equations
Babak Mohammadi Vahid Parvaneh Farhan GolkarmaneshRecently, samet et al. introduced an interesting extension of the Banach contraction principle. In this paper, motivated by the main idea of Samet et al., we introduce the concept of α-admissible α-θ-generalized mappings in metric spaces and give and p MoreRecently, samet et al. introduced an interesting extension of the Banach contraction principle. In this paper, motivated by the main idea of Samet et al., we introduce the concept of α-admissible α-θ-generalized mappings in metric spaces and give and prove several theorems of the existence and uniqueness of a fixed point in complete metric spaces for such mappings. The results obtained in this study, generalize many of the results in this field, especially, the results presented by Jleli et al. and the work done by Geraghty. By presenting an example, we show that our results are real generalization of the previous results. Next, we get new results in ordered metric spaces and graphical metric spaces using the concept of α-admissible α-θ-generalized mappings. Finally, we present an application of our obtained results for the existence and uniqueness of the solution of nonlinear first-order ordinal differential equations and periodic boundary value problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Estimating the half-life of stock price mean reverting: an application of Stochastic Differential Equations
hadi rahmani fazli ahmad molabahramiIn this paper we use stochastic differential equation for estimating the long run equilibrium of the stock prices, the speed of reverting to the mean of the stock prices and the half-life of the stock prices of the selected firms (about 24 active firms) in Tehran Stock MoreIn this paper we use stochastic differential equation for estimating the long run equilibrium of the stock prices, the speed of reverting to the mean of the stock prices and the half-life of the stock prices of the selected firms (about 24 active firms) in Tehran Stock Exchange. We use the stock price data of the selected firms to see if the stock prices of these firms have Unit roots tests. For firms which their stock prices are stationary, without unit roots, we follow an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck stochastic differential equation to estimate the half-life of the stock returns of the selected firm. For firms which their stock prices have got the unit root, we use Geometric Brownian Motion for estimation. The results show that most of the studied companies have a reversible behavior to a long-term average and a half-life of stock prices is estimated to be from 3 to 30 weeks. The estimation of the half-life of the stock prices of the selected firms will provide valuable information for the investors and other agents active in the stock markets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - An application of fuzzy fractional partial differential equations on heart sound signal denoising
farnoosh karimi Tofigh Allahviranloo Saeed AbbasbandyCardiovascular system is a permanent source of information which incorporate to declaration of Cardiovascular diseases. The existence of available valid data is the main part of any research study. Today, in the field of human life study, experimental data by means of d MoreCardiovascular system is a permanent source of information which incorporate to declaration of Cardiovascular diseases. The existence of available valid data is the main part of any research study. Today, in the field of human life study, experimental data by means of different issues are always deviated from their actual values not only in measurement errors but also it is appeared due to the measuring concept. Composing of heart signal, as a real example of signals, with noise signal causes ambiguity in which classical available methods become disable in correct processing and interpretation of these signals. This paper is focused on proposing an algorithm in signal noise reduction of heart sound signal at pre-processing step. This novel de-noising method of heart sound signal is established on arbitrary order fuzzy partial differential equations. Fuzzification is done due to eliminating of absolute boundaries. The propose algorithm of noise reduction is examined by adding Gaussian white noise to the normal heart sound signal without any noise. De-noising method is implemented after presenting the model concept. Attaining the (FFPDE) filter is including the following steps: the filter matrix is defined after using the backward Euler scheme to discretize the fuzzy differential equation. The results indicated that using of fuzzy fractional partial differential equations was completely effective in de-noising of heart sound signals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - The generalized variational iteration method to solve the fractal partial differential equations
Homa Afraz Alireza Khalili GolmankhanehFractional calculus is a branch of classical mathematics, which deals with the generalization of fractional order derivative and integral operator. Recently, a great deal of research has been carried out on the fractional calculus to study the phenomena associated with MoreFractional calculus is a branch of classical mathematics, which deals with the generalization of fractional order derivative and integral operator. Recently, a great deal of research has been carried out on the fractional calculus to study the phenomena associated with fractal structures and processes. Fractals have a fractional dimension and occur naturally in non-linear and imbalanced phenomena in various forms and contexts. In recent years, various types of derivatives and fractional and fractal calculus have been proposed by many scientists and have been extensively utilized. Measurements are localized in physical processes, and local fractional calculus is a useful tool for solving some type of physical and engineering problems. Gangal studied the local fractional calculus and got the relation between it and the fractals. Using the local fractional calculus and fractal properties, he defined the fractal-alpha calculus on a subset of the real line, which is a simple calculs, useful, structural and algorithmic. In this study, we first describe the fractal-F alpha calculus. Next, we propose The generalized variational iteration method based on the fractal calculus. To show the efficiency of fractal calculus and the new method, we solve several fractal partial differential equations with this method and show that this method is better, easier and more suitable than the two other methods mention the above. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Legendre pseudo-spectral method for solving multi-pantograph delay differential equations
Mohammad Hadi Noori Skandari Mostafa Mahmoudi Javad Vahidi Mehdi GhovatmandDelay differential equations have a wide range of applications in science and engineering. When these equations are nonlinear and complex the exact solution can usually not be calculated. So finding a numerical solution with high precision for these equations is essenti MoreDelay differential equations have a wide range of applications in science and engineering. When these equations are nonlinear and complex the exact solution can usually not be calculated. So finding a numerical solution with high precision for these equations is essential. In this paper we present a numerical method based on the transferred Legendre polynomials to solve multiple pantograph delay differential equations. In this method we use the Legendre-Gauss-Lobato collocation points to discretize the problem and turn the problem into a nonlinear programming problem. From solving this nonlinear programming problem we get an approximate solution for the the main multiple pantograph delay differential equation. We analyse the feasibility of the nonlinear programming problem and the convergence of the obtained approximate solution to the exact solution. In addition by solving several numerical examples and comparing the method with other methodsWe show the efficiency and the capability of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - gH-differentiable of the 2th-order functions interpolating
H. Vosoughi S. AbbasbandyFuzzy Hermite interpolation of 5th degree generalizes Lagrange interpolation by fitting a polynomial to a function f that not only interpolates f at each knot but also interpolates two number of consecutive Generalized Hukuhara derivatives of f at each knot. The provide MoreFuzzy Hermite interpolation of 5th degree generalizes Lagrange interpolation by fitting a polynomial to a function f that not only interpolates f at each knot but also interpolates two number of consecutive Generalized Hukuhara derivatives of f at each knot. The provided solution for the 5th degree fuzzy Hermite interpolation problem in this paper is based on cardinal basis functions linear combination for 5th degree polynomials linear space and same approach develops to introduce 5th degree fuzzy piecewise Hermite interpolation polynomials. At first, construction method along with an example has presented for 5 th degree fuzzy Hermite interpolation. Because of the introduced method applies for interpolation of first order Generalized Hukuhara differentiable functions so during an example cubic fuzzy Hermite interpolation polynomial compares with fuzzy Hermite polynomial and we explain the superiority of the presented piecewise method next in the end we provide 5th degree fuzzy piecewise Hermite interpolation polynomial. Using such interpolant shows that the smoothness condition improves for interpolation polynomial core when successive degree of fuzzy piecewise Hermite interpolation polynomial comes up from three to five. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Simulating and Forecasting OPEC Oil Price Using Stochastic Differential Equations
R. Farnoosh P. Nabati M. AziziThe main purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative analysis to investigate the behavior of the OPEC oil price. Obtaining the best mathematical equation to describe the price and volatility of oil has a great importance. Stochastic differential equations are one MoreThe main purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative analysis to investigate the behavior of the OPEC oil price. Obtaining the best mathematical equation to describe the price and volatility of oil has a great importance. Stochastic differential equations are one of the best models to determine the oil price, because they include the random factor which can apply the effect of different economical and political elements .In order to earn the best model, at first we study the effectiveness of different stochastic differential equations models and then using the daily OPEC oil price in years 2003 to 2016, according to the high oscillation of oil price due to the various economical and political creases, we divide the data to four parts and estimate the unknown parameters of the equations in these time periods using the General Method of Moment. At last, the best model can be defined by attention to the main price chart and numerical simulations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - The Existance of the Optimum Solution for the System of Differential Equation in Hilbert Space
Z. SoltaniIn this paper, we study the existence of the following optimum solution for the system of differential equation ...In this paper, we study the existence of the following optimum solution for the system of differential equation ... Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - A Recurrent Neural Network to Identify Efficient Decision Making Units in Data Envelopment Analysis
A. Ghomashi G. R. Jahanshahloo F. Hosseinzadeh LotfiIn this paper we present a recurrent neural network model to recognize efficient Decision Making Units(DMUs) in Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA). The proposed neural network model is derived from an unconstrained minimization problem. In theoretical aspect, it is shown th MoreIn this paper we present a recurrent neural network model to recognize efficient Decision Making Units(DMUs) in Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA). The proposed neural network model is derived from an unconstrained minimization problem. In theoretical aspect, it is shown that the proposed neural network is stable in the sense of lyapunov and globally convergent. The proposed model has a single-layer structure. Simulation shows that the proposed model is effective to identify efficient DMUs in DEA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Approximated solution of First order Fuzzy Differential Equations under generalized differentiability
T. Allahviranloo N. Ahmady E. AhmadyIn this research, a numerical method by piecewise approximated method for solving fuzzy differential equations is introduced. In this method, the solution by piecewise fuzzy polynomial is present. The base of this method is using fuzzy Taylor expansion on initial value MoreIn this research, a numerical method by piecewise approximated method for solving fuzzy differential equations is introduced. In this method, the solution by piecewise fuzzy polynomial is present. The base of this method is using fuzzy Taylor expansion on initial value of fuzzy differential equations. The existence, uniqueness and convergence of the approximate solution are investigated. To show the advantage of method, this method is compared with the Euler method that was introduced in [۱], and it is shown this method is more accurate than Euler method for solving fuzzy differential equations under generalized differentiability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Numerical Solution of fuzzy differential equations of nth-order by Adams-Bashforth method
N. ParandinSo far, many methods have been presented to solve the rst-order di erential equations. But, not many studies have been conducted for numerical solution of high-order fuzzy di erential equations. In this research, First, the equation by reducing time, we transform the rs MoreSo far, many methods have been presented to solve the rst-order di erential equations. But, not many studies have been conducted for numerical solution of high-order fuzzy di erential equations. In this research, First, the equation by reducing time, we transform the rst-order equation. Then we have applied Adams-Bashforth multi-step methods for the initial approximation of one order di erential equations. Finally, we examine the accuracy of method by presenting examples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Properties of eigenvalue function
H. Alizadeh NazarkandiFor the eigenvalue function on symmetric matrices, we have gathered a number of it’s properties.We show that this map has the properties of continuity, strict continuity, directional differentiability, Frechet differentiability, continuous differentiability. Eigen MoreFor the eigenvalue function on symmetric matrices, we have gathered a number of it’s properties.We show that this map has the properties of continuity, strict continuity, directional differentiability, Frechet differentiability, continuous differentiability. Eigenvalue function will be extended to a larger set of matrices and then the listed properties will prove again. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Stability analysis of impulsive fuzzy differential equations with finite delayed state
D. Naseh N. Pariz A. Vahidian KamyadIn this paper we introduce some stability criteria for impulsive fuzzy system of differential equations with finite delay in states. Firstly, a new comparison principle for fuzzy differential system compared to crisp ordinary differential equation, based on a notion of MoreIn this paper we introduce some stability criteria for impulsive fuzzy system of differential equations with finite delay in states. Firstly, a new comparison principle for fuzzy differential system compared to crisp ordinary differential equation, based on a notion of upper quasi-monotone nondecreasing, in N dimentional state space is presented. Furthermore, in order to analyze the stability of fuzzy dynamical systems, vector Lyapunov like functions are defined. Then, by using these vector Lyapunov-like functions together with the new comparison theorem which is presented before, we will get results for some concepts of stability (eventual stability, asymptotic stability, strong stability, uniform stability and their combinations) for impulsive fuzzy delayed system of differential equations. Moreover, some theorems for practical stability in terms of two measures are introduced and are proved. Finally, an illustrating example for stability checking of a system of differential equations with fuzziness and time delay in states is given. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Symplectic and symmetric methods for the numerical solution of some mathematical models of celestial objects
A. Abdi S.A. HosseiniIn the last years, the theory of numerical methods for system of non-stiff and stiff ordinary differential equations has reached a certain maturity. So, there are many excellent codes which are based on Runge–Kutta methods, linear multistep methods, Obreshkov meth MoreIn the last years, the theory of numerical methods for system of non-stiff and stiff ordinary differential equations has reached a certain maturity. So, there are many excellent codes which are based on Runge–Kutta methods, linear multistep methods, Obreshkov methods, hybrid methods or general linear methods. Although these methods have good accuracy and desirable stability properties such as A-stability and L-stability, they are not suitable for the numerical solution of special classes of problems arising from different research areas, for example the mathematical models of celestial objects which are Hamiltonian systems. Since the solution of such problems has special geometric property such as symplecticity and usually reversibility. Therefore, it is natural to search for numerical methods that share this property. It is the purpose of this paper to design high order symplectic and symmetric methods. Efficiency and accuracy of the constructed methods are confirmed by implementing on well-known Hamiltonian problems of the motions of celestial objects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Crime Detection, Custody, and the Differentiation of the Suspect’s Rights in the Criminal Justice Systems of Iran, France, and the United States
Mohamad masoud molazemian Abbas Sheikholeslami mohamad Ashouri Majid Shaygan FardMaintaining security and protecting individual rights and liberty are the dual goals of criminal procedure. It is difficult to achieve these goals simultaneously in specific types of crimes such as terrorism and security crimes. Due to inadequate general criminal proced MoreMaintaining security and protecting individual rights and liberty are the dual goals of criminal procedure. It is difficult to achieve these goals simultaneously in specific types of crimes such as terrorism and security crimes. Due to inadequate general criminal procedure rules in this area, legislators have been forced to adopt a differential criminal policy in this regard. The stage of being in custody, which- due to its special characteristics- brings to mind the possibility of violating the suspect's rights more than any other stage, has also been subject to differential approaches. Having a differential approach to the suspect's rights in custody for specific crimes, the criminal justice systems of France and the United States designate special officers, extend the custody period, communicate the suspect’s accusations and its evidence as well as his/her defence rights, and restrict the free involvement of the suspect’s attorney. In criminal justice system of Iran, Unforeseen differentiation approach in law but this procedure in jurisprudence and circular is a important challenge. Meanwhile, due to the numerous reforms and the influence of the European Convention on Human Rights, the differential approach of the criminal justice system of France has achieved a more appropriate balance between the suspect's rights and the right to security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Effects of the spread of corruption on earth to economic crimes based on the specific characteristics of these crimes
Ali Asadi Amir Mohammad Sedighiyan Ali Zare MehrjerdiEconomic crime is one of the new concepts of modern society, which in terms of its threats to the stability and security of societies, traditions and values of democracy, moral values and justice, sustainable development and the rule of law, has become increasingly worr MoreEconomic crime is one of the new concepts of modern society, which in terms of its threats to the stability and security of societies, traditions and values of democracy, moral values and justice, sustainable development and the rule of law, has become increasingly worrying. A.A. has considered such crimes as a major example of corruption on earth earth, economic crime, civil rights, repression, criminal law. Knowing the specific characteristics of such crimes in terms of the act committed, their contexts, scale, specific characteristics of the perpetrators, as well as their victimology, is a necessary condition for adopting a prudent criminal strategy against them. The criminalization of widespread disruption of the country's economic system is cited as an example of corruption on earth in Article 286 of the Islamic Penal Code adopted in 2013. The present descriptive-analytical study shows the lack of proportionality between the effects on the legislator's adopted approach and the nature of economic crimes; Despite the professionalism of the perpetrators of economic crimes and their use of complex methods, the approach adopted by the legislature is not capable of criminal deterrence; Consequences such as violations of economic rights and citizenship and criminal repression are also inconsistent with the nature of economic crimes. It seems that a deliberate confrontation with economic crimes, more than anything else, instead of resorting to the most severe criminal repressive tools, requires a differential approach to the investigation, as well as anticipation and application of various criminal, administrative, civil and correctional executions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - The Justifying Reasons of the Differential protection of vulnerable victims in the shadow of criminal sciences teaching
H. HajitabarOne of the rather new issues in the realm of protective victimology of the national and above all, internationally levels is the study and investigating particular types of victimization. Accordingly, it is advisable that a new branch of protective victimology concernin MoreOne of the rather new issues in the realm of protective victimology of the national and above all, internationally levels is the study and investigating particular types of victimization. Accordingly, it is advisable that a new branch of protective victimology concerning special vulnerable victims be created which could be referred to as differential protective victimology. To this end, The present paper, briefly investigating the concept and definition of vulnerable victims and its special kinds of protective measures adopted based on the differential criminal policies, attempts to answer a basic question as to whether the urgency for differentially protecting vulnerable victims has been well-established in criminal sciences teaching? In response, we can conclude that although in most criminal sciences teaching mentioned in this paper, the protection of victims, especially vulnerable victims and differentially protecting have not been directly and clearly discussed, a logically relationship between criminal sciences teaching and their concepts and contents with the urgency for a special protective of vulnerable victims could be established through indirect and covert interpretation. To put it differentially, the issue of protecting vulnerable victims is hidden in the heart of each of the above-mentioned branches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Engineers' Crimes and Violations from Criminal Sociology Perspective
rajab Goldust Joybari Mohammad Reza DarabpourEngineering disasters, which are often caused by engineering's criminal behavior, have become an increasing trend. This article is based on a descriptive analytical method and by using an open interview method, it seeks to find the reason for the occurrence of such crim MoreEngineering disasters, which are often caused by engineering's criminal behavior, have become an increasing trend. This article is based on a descriptive analytical method and by using an open interview method, it seeks to find the reason for the occurrence of such crimes and violations from the perspective of criminal sociology. This article is based on the hypothesis that although the economic factor plays a prominent role in the occurrence of crimes in the engineering world, it is not the most fundamental cause. Rather, factors such as the incorrect process of engineers' training, belief in the correctness and rationality of some criminal behavior and especially sticking to the goals and trying to survive the engineering group by any cost are the most important crime-causing factors in this industry. Considering the theories of criminal sociology, this article deals with economic-oriented penal calculation, differential association, pressure and neutralization technique theories. Finally, it was concluded that among the theories of criminal sociology, the neutralization techniques and differential association are the most suitable theories for finding the cause of the criminal behavior of the engineers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Estimating Conditional VaR Using Symmetric and Non-Symmetric Autoregressive Models in Old and Oil Markets
Saeid Fallahpour Fatemeh Rezvani Mohammadreza RahimiPrice volatility on gold and oil market is the top news all the time. Global economy isaffected by those markets volatility. Because of the domestic investor tendency in goldmarket and feasibility of investing on oil by Energy Exchange in Iran, in this paper wefocus on MorePrice volatility on gold and oil market is the top news all the time. Global economy isaffected by those markets volatility. Because of the domestic investor tendency in goldmarket and feasibility of investing on oil by Energy Exchange in Iran, in this paper wefocus on the volatility of gold and oil return. The implemented method is one-day aheadout of sample forecast by the conditional value at risk.The goal of this paper is to answer which of the models; GARCH, ECHARCH, andTARCH is best at forecasting the CVaR for gold and oil return. We estimate the value byassuming normal and t-student distribution.The results show that the TGARH(1,1) model specifications are good option forforecasting the CVaR in oil market by t-student distribution Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Modeling Behavior of Stock Price Using Stochastic Differential Equation with Stochastic Volatility
Saber Molaei Mohammad Vaez Barzani Saeid SamadiThe purpose of this article is modeling the behavior of stock price using stochastic differential equations. The data for this study include daily observations of the total stock market index, the index of the top 50 companies and the index of the 30 largest companies i MoreThe purpose of this article is modeling the behavior of stock price using stochastic differential equations. The data for this study include daily observations of the total stock market index, the index of the top 50 companies and the index of the 30 largest companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange. The data are daily from March 25, 2006 to April 15, 2015.The geometric Brownian motion and geometric Brownian motion with nonlinear GARCH are used to modeling the behavior of price index. The results of this study includes the following: (1) According to the log likelihood function, geometric Brownian motion with nonlinear GARCH in the three groups studied data has better performance than the geometric Brownian motion. (2) Based on the model of stochastic differential equations with stochastic volatility, the total market index is more influenced by the good news. (3) The impact of the bad news on the index of the 30 largest companies is more than the impact of the good news. (4) The unconditional variance of the total stock market index has two structural breaks; the unconditional variance of index of the top 50 companies has one structural break and no structural breaks in the unconditional variance of index of the 30 largest companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Portfolio optimization with differential evolution and conditional value at risk approach
Shahin Ramtinnia Romina AtrchiPortfolio selection, in order to maximize the profit from investment, is an important concern for minor and institutional investors.Therefore; efficient and secure optimization of financial assets is one of the most important new and modern, financial topics, trying to MorePortfolio selection, in order to maximize the profit from investment, is an important concern for minor and institutional investors.Therefore; efficient and secure optimization of financial assets is one of the most important new and modern, financial topics, trying to improve the portfolio performance using modern approaches of other sciences. Accordingly, this article aimed to optimize the index returns of top 10 companies of Tehran Stock Exchange from 2011 to 2015 using portfolio risk minimization approach with the maximum yield according to conditional value at risk and differential evolution algorithm(DE-CVaR) on a monthly basis. The results showed that differential evolution algorithm with the conditional value at risk approach, had better Sharpe and returns ratios by CVaR value compared to the random algorithm. The results of posttest with monthly approach also showed that DE-CVaR was better than random algorithm in terms of the criteria for selecting the optimal portfolio. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - The survey of relative influence of business strategies on the relationship between financial leverage and performance
سمیرا هنربخش حمید بیرجندی مسعود بیرجندیThis study empirically investigates the effects of business strategies on therelationship between financial leverage and the performance of firms.The research data is collected from 45 firms in the Tehran Security Exchange(TSE) during 1381-1387, using by Rahavard softwa MoreThis study empirically investigates the effects of business strategies on therelationship between financial leverage and the performance of firms.The research data is collected from 45 firms in the Tehran Security Exchange(TSE) during 1381-1387, using by Rahavard software and TSE site. The statisticaltechnique used for examining the assumption is regression coefficients. For testing ofthe assumptions, firms divided to 2 sections: firms with cost leadership strategy andfirms with product differentiation strategy. The results indicate that in the 2 typesfirms, there is positive relationship between leverage with performance.The results also suggest that in the firms with cost leadership strategy, dividendpay out have positive relationship with performance and in the firms with productdifferentiation strategy, there is positive relationship between firm’s size withperformance, but relation between dividend pay out with performance is negative. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - The Survey Comparison Between The Traditional Of Liquidity Indices And The New of Liquidity Indices In ISE - Automotive Industry
عباس طالب بیدختی فریده فرجیThe main purpose of this paper,is The survey a comparison betweenThe traditional of liguidity indices and the new of liquidity indices in theCompany adopted the Tehran Stock Exchange (Automotive Industry) arehereby to users of financial statements in order to help obtai MoreThe main purpose of this paper,is The survey a comparison betweenThe traditional of liguidity indices and the new of liquidity indices in theCompany adopted the Tehran Stock Exchange (Automotive Industry) arehereby to users of financial statements in order to help obtain optimaldecisions. The study population of this study, listed companies in TehranStock Exchange (Automotive Industry) during the years 1383 to 1387and is omissive sampling method has been used and informationnecessary to implement this research with the financial statements andnotes have been collected . For analysis of descriptive and analyticalstatistics have been used.The result indicate that between traditional of liquidity indices andthe new of liquidity indices is positive correlation and all the proposedcriteria for measuring liquidity within the range of assumptions that arespecific to their place are suitable for each of these indicators, howeverafter a liquidity problem have been considered and some other aspects areignored. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Forecasting Total Index of Tehran Stock Exchange Using Geometric Brownian Motion Model
Maryam Davallou Alireza VarzidehThe use of models based on stochastic differential equations has attracted the attention of financial researchers in recent years and one of the most famous models is the Brownian Geometric Motion model. The purpose of this study is to predict the Tehran Stock Exchange MoreThe use of models based on stochastic differential equations has attracted the attention of financial researchers in recent years and one of the most famous models is the Brownian Geometric Motion model. The purpose of this study is to predict the Tehran Stock Exchange total index, one of the important economic indicators for investors, using the geometric Brownian motion model. For this purpose, the total index of Tehran Stock Exchange was investigated in the period from the beginning of 1380 to the end of 1395. Finally, the results showed that the model was able to predict the 1 day horizons with high accuracy. Also, by increasing the length of the prediction horizon, the accuracy of the predicted values by the model is reduced, and the GBM model's ability to simulate the total index value of the stock exchange decreases Nevertheless, the predicted values are still high accurate until the 90-day forecast horizon. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Parental Mediation of Children’s Video Game Experiences: Iranian Parents’ Strategies of Mediation
Masoud Kousari Meghdad Mehrabi -
Open Access Article
100 - Creativity in Students: Evidence from Parental Marital Satisfaction, Intelligence, and Age
Gholamali Afrooz Mahdi Ghodrati -
Open Access Article
101 - Factors influencing Attitudes toward Drug Use among College Students (Case of Study: College Students University of Kharazmi)
Sayed Hossein Serajzadeh Younes Akbari -
Open Access Article
102 - Effects of the Government Taxation Policy on Distribution of Income with an emphasis on Human Development Index in Iran
Ali Shakoori -
Open Access Article
103 - Theoretical Explanation of the Use of Cyberspace and the Evolution of Family Structure in Iran with Emphasis on the Concept of Generation Gap
Mehdi Mokhtarpour Mohammad Kiani -
Open Access Article
104 - Sociological Study of Institutional factors in Sustainable Employment Generation Project (EGP) and Realizing the Production Leap
Asghar Nasiri Manouchehr Pahlavan Ali Asghar Abbasi Esfajir -
Open Access Article
105 - Analyzing social justice according to the 6th Development Plan of Article 78
Parima Beidaghi Sedighe Tootian Esfahani Nazanin pilevari Hasan Rangriz -
Open Access Article
106 - Effectiveness of Emotion Focused Therapy on Tolerance of Failure and Marital Quality in Women with Recurrent Miscarriages
maryam Erfanian Razaei farnaz keshavarzi arshadi Fatemeh golshani Faariba Hasani Behrouz dolatshahiIntroduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the tolerance of failure and the quality of marital life of women with repeated abortions.Methods: The current research was quasi-experimental wi MoreIntroduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the tolerance of failure and the quality of marital life of women with repeated abortions.Methods: The current research was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a one-month follow-up phase in terms of practical purpose and method. The statistical population of this research included all women who referred to infertility clinics in Tehran in 2020, 30 of these people were selected in a targeted way. The assignment of members in the emotion-oriented treatment group (15 people) and the control group (15 people) was done using a random method. To collect data, Simmons and Gaher (2005) frustration tolerance questionnaire and Fletcher, Simpson and Thomas (2000) Marital Life Quality Questionnaire were used. To investigate the difference between groups in different stages of measurement, the analysis of variance test with mixed measurement was used in SPSS-25 software.Results: The results showed that this treatment had a positive effect on increasing the tolerance of failure and the quality of married life of women with frequent abortions, and this effect was greater on the variable of tolerance of failure (p<0.01).Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it is suggested to use emotion-oriented therapy by couple therapists and clinical psychologists in order to increase the tolerance of failure and the quality of married life of women with frequent miscarriages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Designing and Explaining the Entrepreneurial Marketing Model on E-Marketing with the Effect of Brand Personality Differentiation on Purchasing Intention
Abdolreza Borhaninejad Fataneh ALIZADEHMESHGANI Mousa Rezvani Chaman Zamin kamaladdin rahmaniThe purpose of this study is Designing and explaining the behavioral finance model on entrepreneurial E-Marketing. In terms of data collection, this research is in the category of descriptive research in terms of developmental-applied purpose, descriptive-survey type, a MoreThe purpose of this study is Designing and explaining the behavioral finance model on entrepreneurial E-Marketing. In terms of data collection, this research is in the category of descriptive research in terms of developmental-applied purpose, descriptive-survey type, and cross-sectional in terms of time. The statistical population of this research is the users of social networks (Instagram, WhatsApp, Telegram) based on the unlimited Cochran formula and equal distribution among each community, 163 samples for each community and a total of 489 people have been determined as the research sampling method. The data collection tool was Fick et al.'s questionnaire and Jennifer Aker's questionnaire in order to check the reliability and validity of the research. Data analysis was done through structural equations SEM. The reliability of variable questionnaires was at the optimal level (above 80%). The research results have shown that the model has a good fit. The financial behavioral variable has an effect on entrepreneurial e-marketing and purchase intention, also the dimensions of entrepreneurial marketing, namely celebrity credibility, value creation, personality differentiation, focus on innovation, opportunism and risk management, have an effect on e-marketing and purchase intention. The effect of E-marketing on purchasing intention has also been confirmed based on statistical information and surveys. The above results show that in social networks, paying more and more attention to entrepreneurial marketing and electronic marketing has a direct effect on increasing the desire to purchase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Designing an Integrated Pattern for the Distribution of Basic Goods with the Aim of Fighting Brokering and Rent-Seeking
sajjad shamsi gooshki Mohammad SolgiIntroduction: The aim of this research is to design an integrated pattern for the distribution of basic goods with the aim of fighting brokering and rent-seeking. Method: The required data was collected from 9 experts and managers related to the field of marketing and MoreIntroduction: The aim of this research is to design an integrated pattern for the distribution of basic goods with the aim of fighting brokering and rent-seeking. Method: The required data was collected from 9 experts and managers related to the field of marketing and distribution (industry and university) using the interview tool and analyzed using the grounded theory. First, 213 primary codes were identified by the researcher, then 194 final codes were extracted by combining, verifying and discarding duplicate codes. By combining and categorizing the final codes, 59 concepts and 31 components were obtained for the research framework. Finding: The findings showed that the causal conditions include inappropriate economic conditions, inappropriate government policies, inappropriate infrastructural conditions, and inappropriate working and social ethics conditions. The findings showed that the main phenomenon consists of the components of traditional (offline) distribution methods, online distribution methods and all-channel distribution methods. The findings showed that the background conditions include logistics and maintenance, supply and production, organizations, unions, unions and non-governmental organizations, government participation, information and communication technology, and needs assessment and customer culture. The findings showed that the intervening conditions include characteristics and lifestyle, culture and consumption pattern, the nature of markets, customers and products, capabilities of marketing intermediaries, restrictive laws, capabilities of producers and distributors. The findings showed that the strategies and mechanisms for the components of transportation and maintenance, supply and distribution, laws and regulations, marketing, organizations, guilds and unions and non-governmental organizations, the field Government, taxes and subsidies are categorized. The findings showed that the consequences include economic, distribution, government, and consumer, social and competitive factors. Conclusion: In this research, causal conditions; contextual; the main phenomenon; Intervening conditions; strategies; and the consequences of integrated distribution of basic goods were identified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Impact of Product Packaging and Family Communication Patterns on Children and Parents Buying Behavior (Children and Parents Who Go Shopping in Entertainment and Shopping Centers)
M. Miarrostami B. KheiryNowadays, recognition buying behavior of children and their parents is one of the key success factors for organizations. If marketers can identify the factors influencing buying behavior of the child, they will be able to get ahead of its competitors in their MoreNowadays, recognition buying behavior of children and their parents is one of the key success factors for organizations. If marketers can identify the factors influencing buying behavior of the child, they will be able to get ahead of its competitors in their industry, and have a greater share of the market. No doubt, a prerequisite for success in any market is acceptance of products by customers in the target markets. Also, since today's society is moving toward child- prominence, and with the ways of communication such as the Internet, satellite, and rising of children awareness, it can be seen that the role of children in family purchase decisions became more highlight. Therefore, to understand the factors influencing buying behavior of children, and see the impact on parents buying, can be more understanding of the child's behavior as a customer, and based on this, marketers are able to take a larger share of the market, & hence, studying these factors is important . The population used for this study, are children and parents in entertainment and shopping centers and 385 pairs of questionnaires were distributed between children and their parents in these centers, which sampling in each of these centers was done based on stratified simple random sampling method. Also, to analyze the data, descriptive and conclusive statistics, and the software SPSS, and Lisrel were used, and Structural Equation Modeling, used as a multivariate analysis technique, for examining dependence rate of relationships between the variables. The results indicate that the product packaging, influences on unhealthy product preferences by the child. But product packaging don’t influence on healthy product preferences by children, and also the product preferences by children (healthy and unhealthy), don't influence on buying behavior of parents. Also, conceptual attitudes of parents don’t influence on child's perception impression in parents buying decision. While, social attitudes of parents influences on child's perception impression process and child's perception impression process in parents buying decision do not influence on the buying behavior of parents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Investigation of the Effects of Hedonic Value and Utilitarian Value on General Attitude of Customers Evaluation of Shopping Mall (Case Study: Hyperstar)
H. SoleymaniThis study, based shopper’s in shopping malls, establishes investigation that malls can achieve orientations following the hedonic value and utilitarian value dimensions of shopping. Furthermore, investigation perceived differentiation to positively influenc MoreThis study, based shopper’s in shopping malls, establishes investigation that malls can achieve orientations following the hedonic value and utilitarian value dimensions of shopping. Furthermore, investigation perceived differentiation to positively influence customers’ attachment to the mall, a determining factor in the mall’s evaluation. Interestingly, mall’s orientation related to hedonic elements was found appealing by all subjects. This study investigates how the pursuit of singular orientations (along the hedonic /utilitarian range ) can generate a feeling of attachment to the mall for customers. Generating such special connection with customers is important because it influences their general evaluation of the mall. Those findings open promising avenues for segmentation tool to come . The study was conducted on 203 respondents who wer interviewed in two shopping malls; data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Furthermore conceptual model Investigation of the Hedonic Value , Utilitarian Value, place attachment, perceive differatitian , emotion (negative, positive) and General Attitude of Customers Evaluation of Shopping mall Important managerial implications for malls’ tenants providing clear guidance in developing new strategies are discussed along with limitations and avenues for future research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Validity analysis of types of surety contracts for the validity of death from the point of view of Islamic religions
ehsan pourpooneh nagaf abadi ehsan aliakbari babokani masoud raeiFollowing the opinions of the jurists of Islamic schools of thought shows that the contract of guarantee for the validity of ajj includes several types with the titles of absolute guarantee, deferred guarantee, current guarantee, temporary guarantee, and malimjab. The q MoreFollowing the opinions of the jurists of Islamic schools of thought shows that the contract of guarantee for the validity of ajj includes several types with the titles of absolute guarantee, deferred guarantee, current guarantee, temporary guarantee, and malimjab. The question of this study is, what are the main evidences of the invalidity of conflicting forms? And on the assumption of concluding a guarantee on these forms in custom, can they be justified in a way that they are considered correct? Or should they be annulled? In this research, with a descriptive and analytical method, an attempt has been made to strengthen the idea that it is permissible to enter into a guarantee in the form of a dispute by rejecting and refuting the arguments for the invalidity of conflicting guarantees and presenting evidence for their validity. which is sometimes common among customs, give it a shari'i aspect and free their impermissibility from illogical justifications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The Possibility of Obliging the Tenant to Ruin the Monument after the Expiring Rent time
Mohammad bagher AmeriniaArticle 504 of civil law of renting for a definite time even in hypothetical construction of building or tenant that planted the trees and seem to happen in such a way that for a long time after expiry tenancy remain as penetrating. This article about legal impossibilit MoreArticle 504 of civil law of renting for a definite time even in hypothetical construction of building or tenant that planted the trees and seem to happen in such a way that for a long time after expiry tenancy remain as penetrating. This article about legal impossibility of forcing to tenant and suppression in lordly within time for rent and the possibility of compensate materials for proprietor tenant inaction in the case of continuation. Also, to assume tenant remaining in lordly tenets without ambiguity or basis forms; but this article on the possibility to tenant obligation and suppression after the expiry for rent, unusual candor does not become famous as this is in the absence of possibility for forcing. Present article while explaining the problem and careful investigation of the bases both probable and possible proving the theory and assumed it based on agreed standards and legal jurisprudence consideration and tries to analyze and structure this article, the contents with possibility theory forced adjustment. Linguistic analysis of article 504, using properties issues, landlord rule, using criterion article 540 of civil law of including documents proved theory are mentioned. In this research, they are examined and the attention has been taken as leave rule and harmless rule and the category of the right roots as possible reasons for the lack of compulsion are examined and criticized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - An Empirical Investigation the Role of Management Accountants and Management Accounting Systems on the relationship between Differentiation Strategy and Exploratory Innovation
Mohsen Imeni Seyyed Mohammad MoshashaeiManagement accountants can contribute to the differentiation and success of a company by using the information obtained through the management accounting system. This research aims to empirically investigate the role of management accountants and management accounting s MoreManagement accountants can contribute to the differentiation and success of a company by using the information obtained through the management accounting system. This research aims to empirically investigate the role of management accountants and management accounting systems in the relationship between differentiation strategy and exploratory innovation. As a methodological aspect, this study is an applied and descriptive survey research. The study is based on a survey of 81 individuals, including managers, senior experts, and heads of accounting departments of manufacturing companies in the west of Mazandaran province in 2022. Research hypotheses were analyzed using structural equations with Lisrel 8 software. The results showed that differentiation strategy positively related to the role of business partner management accountants. Additionally, there is a positive relationship between business partner management accountants and factors of the management accounting system, including strategic decision-making, focused attention, monitoring, and legitimation. Furthermore, the results showed that the use of management accounting systems for strategic decision-making, focused attention, legitimacy, and monitoring positively related to exploratory innovation. The correct selection of management accountants during the hiring process or expanding their internal roles can help companies in their development and growth. This study also determined the effect of management accountants on exploratory innovation through the examination of various factors of the management accounting system in Iran's business environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Comparing the impact of co-determinants on return on assets: focusing on Business Strategies
فرزین رضایی رضا محسنی مریم رایقیThe present study investigates the impact of assets' age and business strategies on therelationship between the growth of assets and the operational performance of the companies.return on net operational assets is considered to be the representatives of the operationalp MoreThe present study investigates the impact of assets' age and business strategies on therelationship between the growth of assets and the operational performance of the companies.return on net operational assets is considered to be the representatives of the operationalperformance of the companies. For this purpose, a sample including 86 companies listed atTehran's stock exchange during the 2006 and 2010 has been studied. By doing hierarchicalcluster analysis, the companies were categorized into two clusters of cost leadership andproduct differentiation. In order to analyze and examine the relationship between the variablesin our study, the approaches of balanced panel data was used. The results show that there's asignificant relationship between and the assets' age operational performance of the companies.These findings underline the influence of the variables of the assets' age and businessstrategies on the relationship between growth of the assets and the performance of thecompanies. These results indicate that the impact of factors on the growth of assets in thecompanies with older assets is more intensive. From the other hand, the findings show that theimpact of the growth of the assets in the companies following the product differentiationapproach is negative. Since the main key to success in investments is to determine eachcompany’s particular competitive advantage and the stability thereof; hence, the empiricalresults of these strategic concepts could provide a useful mechanism for entrepreneurs inorder to gain a better future performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Strategic position and Evaluation of firm performance
Hashem Valipoor Sattar BaseriThe thesis is aimed at studying the strategic positioning and firm performance infirms confirmed by stock exchange of Tehran. Considering the firm’s scope,competitors' status, and customers’ demands and tendencies, firms require a specialstrategy in order to MoreThe thesis is aimed at studying the strategic positioning and firm performance infirms confirmed by stock exchange of Tehran. Considering the firm’s scope,competitors' status, and customers’ demands and tendencies, firms require a specialstrategy in order to compete with their competitors effectively as well as to improvethe financial performance in future. The current research has conducted by selecting38 firms through the ones confirmed by stock exchange of Tehran during 1381 to1387.correlation method was used in this research. Pierson correlation coefficient,multi-variable linear regression, and ANOVA analysis method have used to dataanalyzing and research’s assumptions testing.The obtained results reveal that while applying the differentiation strategy andcosts leadership results in successful financial performance, but the maintenance ofthis successful performance in future years, only can be satisfied by applyingdifferentiation strategy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - The Investigation on Relationship between Auditors' Professional Maturity and Their Perception of Auditee Risks
زهره حاجیهاThe judgment on risks in audit environment is central task of independentauditors. This judgment influences directly on all processes of an audit. However, thecharacteristics of judging person may affect judgment. Hence, the objective of thisresearch is investigation of MoreThe judgment on risks in audit environment is central task of independentauditors. This judgment influences directly on all processes of an audit. However, thecharacteristics of judging person may affect judgment. Hence, the objective of thisresearch is investigation of correlations between affecting factors of professionalmaturity of independent auditors and auditee risks. To do this objective, by aquestionnaire importance degree of 58 affecting factor of each of audit risk, inherentrisk and control risk was measured. Professional maturity factors of auditors include 8measures of age, education, academic field, experience as independent auditor,experience as audit manager or partner, experience as internal auditor and accountantand professional and academic association memberships. The finding indicates thataudit risk is correlated with experience as independent auditor, experience as auditmanager or partner, education and academic field. Inherent risk is correlated withexperience as independent auditor, experience as audit manager or partner, andacademic field. Control risk is correlated with experience as internal auditor andaccountant, academic field and professional and academic association memberships.The research results could be helpful to parties in equity market as well as standardsetters to investigate independent auditors' characteristics in their decisions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - The Effect of Hani and Mumford's Learning Styles on Auditor's Professional Profession: Preferential Learning Theory Test
reza nematikoshteliLearning styles are considered to be the preferred methods for individuals to receive and process information. Hence, professional judgment is a function of the auditor's performance that can be influenced by learning styles. Therefore, increasing the quality of profess MoreLearning styles are considered to be the preferred methods for individuals to receive and process information. Hence, professional judgment is a function of the auditor's performance that can be influenced by learning styles. Therefore, increasing the quality of professional judgment improves the performance of auditors and ultimately improves the quality of auditing. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of Mumford's learning styles on the auditor's professional judgment. the research method is a descriptive survey and from the perspective of the purpose, it is of an applied type that the standard questionnaire has been used. The research sample is 512 auditors working in trusted auditing firms of the stock exchange who were selected by a simple random sampling method. Also, research hypotheses were tested by modeling structural equations using LISREL software. The results show that Hani and Mumford's learning styles have a significant effect on the auditor's professional judgment. Thus, pragmatist, Reflector, Activist, and Theorist learning styles have the most impact on the auditor's professional judgment, respectively. The results of this research can help audit firms in hiring new auditors and when hiring employed auditors, to consider the type of learning styles they have, to increase the quality of auditing by improving decision-making and professional judgment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - The Study of Productivity and Cost Leadership and Differentiation Strategy Effect on Bankruptcy Risk
Majid Azimi Yancheshmeh Mostafa rajabi Zoherh Mahmoud DehnaviThe main purpose of this paper is to investigation of the impact of Productivity and Cost Leadership Strategy and Differentiation Strategy on Bankruptcy Risk of firms. In this regard, uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to compute productivity of firms and uses Altman MoreThe main purpose of this paper is to investigation of the impact of Productivity and Cost Leadership Strategy and Differentiation Strategy on Bankruptcy Risk of firms. In this regard, uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to compute productivity of firms and uses Altman model (Z) to compute bankruptcy risk of firms. The data used consists of a sample of 79 firms that are publicly traded in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) in the period 1384-1392. A multi-variable regression model is used for testing of hypotheses and data analyses. The results indicate that productivity has a positive effect on reducing bankruptcy risk of firms, and the results also indicate that pursuing either of the Cost Leadership Strategy and Differentiation Strategy successfully has a positive effect on reducing bankruptcy risk. The study also brings to light the mediating effect of productivity in the relationship between cost leadership strategy and bankruptcy risk Of Firms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - The Effect of Strategy of Cost Leadership and Product Differentiation Strategy on Cost of Equity
Elham Eghdami Bahman BanimahdThis study investigate the relationship between strategy of cost leadership and product differentiation strategy on equity costs. The aim of cost leadership strategy is product cost reduction and the objective of product differentiation strategy is product quality impro MoreThis study investigate the relationship between strategy of cost leadership and product differentiation strategy on equity costs. The aim of cost leadership strategy is product cost reduction and the objective of product differentiation strategy is product quality improvement. So, the aim of this research is investigation of theses strategies on cost of capital.The present study is descriptive and correlational in terms of method and is a descriptive study in terms of nature. Also, this research is an applied research. Data analysis was performed using multiple regressions using panel data. The statistical population of the research is the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2011 and 2016. Meanwhile 104 companies selected for sample population. The results of this study indicate that there is a reverse and significant relationship between cost leadership strategy and firm's equity cost . But there is no significant relationship between product differentiation strategy and firm's equity cost. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - The relationship between Tehran's parents' media literacy rate and the quality and quality of children's computer games
safaseyedeh mousavi zeynab farokhnazarResearch Introduction & Objective: In the 1990s, an increasing number of major newspaper reports told scary stories about shocking and violent video games made for children and adolescents, covering topics such as murder and beatings. Emphasized (Briganter, 2009). T MoreResearch Introduction & Objective: In the 1990s, an increasing number of major newspaper reports told scary stories about shocking and violent video games made for children and adolescents, covering topics such as murder and beatings. Emphasized (Briganter, 2009). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between media literacy of Tehran parents and the quantity and quality of their children's computer games.Methods: The statistical sample population of this study consists of parents and children and adolescents under 18 years of age in Tehran from one of the 22 districts of Tehran province with undergraduate and doctoral education. This study is a quantitative survey research and the data collection tool was a questionnaire. The sample size was 344 people based on the Cochran's sample size estimation formula, which were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed using face and content validity and its reliability was determined using coefficient. Cronbach's alpha was calculated, and data analysis was performed using SPSS21 software.Findings and Conclusion: The results of testing the first hypothesis showed that there is a significant relationship between the perceptual dimension of media literacy of Tehrani parents with the quantity and quality of children's computer game use and the effect of media literacy on the quantity of children's computer game use is 0.22 and its effect on quality is equal. 0.26%, the results of the second hypothesis test showed that there is a significant relationship between the sensory dimension of media literacy of Tehrani parents with the quantity and quality of children's computer game use. The results of the third hypothesis test showed that there is a moral dimension between Tehrani media literacy and quantity and quality of games. There is a significant relationship between children's computers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - The Study of Effective Factors on Demand for Divorce in Family Court in Rasht
Majid Hosseini Nesar Soghra Shabafroozan Mostafa Feyze SabetIntroduction and Aim of Research: Gilan Province is one of the provinces that has a good record of divorce. look at the ratio of marriages to divorces in Gilan, indicating a trend of this index, 90 to 95 years is declining. This study aimed to investigate the factors af MoreIntroduction and Aim of Research: Gilan Province is one of the provinces that has a good record of divorce. look at the ratio of marriages to divorces in Gilan, indicating a trend of this index, 90 to 95 years is declining. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting divorce in Rasht and was conducted using approaches, exchange and networking. Research Method: This research method is survey and a questionnaire was used to collect information. the researcher has constructed Part of the questionnaire, And the other part to measure marital satisfaction, was used Walter W. Hudson marital satisfaction questionnaire. Referrals to counseling centers being destroyed in the city of Rasht, 270 people were selected using probability. Findings: Based on regression analysis, It can be said that 52% of the variance criterion (application for divorce) by three predicting variables, explained. These three variables by impact of marital satisfaction, positive impression of the consequences of divorce and parental Interference. Conclusion: According to the Network Theory, Interference in life couples could be the decision-making power away from the couple, causing family conflicts, and The possibility of separation and divorce increase. Also according to the theory of exchange, Couples who have failed to fulfill their expectations of the other party, they create the phenomenon of divorce. Whatever positive impression of the consequences of divorce increases. The rate of divorce also increasing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Volumetric and viscometric studies of -alanine in water and ammonia solution at 293- 313K: structure making and breaking effect
Adeogun Abideen Idowu Idowu Abidemi Mopelola Ahmed Sikiru Akinyeye Ayegbusi Samuel Temitope -
Open Access Article
123 - When the classical & quantum mechanical considerations hint to a single point; a microscopic particle in a one dimensional box with two infinite walls and a linear potential inside it
M. Monajjemi K. Zare A.R. Zieglari -
Open Access Article
124 - A Review of Current Trends and Advance in Analytical Methods for Determination of Simvastatin Electrochemical by different electrodes
Z. Nazari L. Nazari H. Nazari E. Pournamdar -
Open Access Article
125 - Study of Obstacles of Party System Forming in social Development Background and Iran Structure’s Political Culture Between Two Revolutions (Mashroteh to Islamic Revolution)
منوچهر ثابتی منصور وثوقی علیرضا محسنی تبریزیIn a specific sense, the party means a coherent and organized group, a social and political phenomenon, of the signs of civil society and the democratic system of the West, arising from the post-industrial revolution conditions, which has been adapted and imitated by ot MoreIn a specific sense, the party means a coherent and organized group, a social and political phenomenon, of the signs of civil society and the democratic system of the West, arising from the post-industrial revolution conditions, which has been adapted and imitated by other societies such as Iran. Although the constitutional revolution of the political parties was formed in Iran, however, with the advent of the Pahlavi regime, the establishment of democracy and the formation of the party system became a problem. The dominant political culture in the socio-political structure of Iran was the traditional political culture. The Pahlavi feudal discourse paid more attention to developmental, economic, industrial and urban development programs and did not pay attention to political development and parties. Traditional-political culture was the main cause of the emergence of rentier governments, political violence, and imperfect development, the continuation of the monarchy and the cycle of despotism. Together, these factors combined the formation of an interconnected network of continuity of traditional and consequential political culture, and an obstacle to the consolidation of democracy and the institutionalization of party activities and the formation of a party system in Iran. This research has been carried out using the Almond and Verbae and Huntington theories in a historical-documentary way. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - An Analysis of the relationship between Parents’ social and cultural capitals and social developmental skills in the city of Shahreza
منصور حقیقتیان zeinab motaghi reza esmailiGiven that the contemporary world is becoming increasingly more complicated, the acquisition of social skills related to social development become ever more important so that today’s youth can understand and play their social roles more responsibly. Also, given th MoreGiven that the contemporary world is becoming increasingly more complicated, the acquisition of social skills related to social development become ever more important so that today’s youth can understand and play their social roles more responsibly. Also, given the importance of the role of parents in the socialization process of their children, this article aims to study the relationship between Parents’ social and cultural capitals and Pupils’ social skills in the city of Shahreza. Coleman’s social capital theory and Bourdieu’s cultural capital theory were used as the theoretical framework. The research population consisted of all primary and secondary students of shahreza in age range of 11-14, of which using Cochran’s formula, 383 individuals were chosen as the sample via a cluster and accidental sampling technique. The research tool had face validity and reliability alpha for parents’ social and cultural capitals was 0.87 and for children’s social skills was 0.89. The results showed that both parents’ social and cultural capitals and children’s social skills were at the medium level. It was also shown that social skills were significantly related to family structure (r= 0.38), parents’ relations with children (r= 0.38), parental supervision (r= 0.30), and parental involvement with children’s educational activities (r= 0.52). All independent variables together could explain around 31 percent of the variations of the dependent variable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - The role of individual, family and social factors in explaining cyber-victimization
issa khajvand ahmadi Sara EbrahimiThis study aimed to identify the relationships between self-concept, parent-adolescent communication and peer-victimization with cyber-victimization which was done using a correlation method. The research population consisted of all adolescent girls 12 to 18 years old i MoreThis study aimed to identify the relationships between self-concept, parent-adolescent communication and peer-victimization with cyber-victimization which was done using a correlation method. The research population consisted of all adolescent girls 12 to 18 years old in Tehran, whom 326 adolescents were selected as samples with use of virtual snowball sampling. Participants in this study answered the online Cyber-Victimization Scale (Buelga et al., 2019), brief version of AF5 scale (García-Grau et al. 2014), Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (Purcell, 2007) and Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale (Joseph & Stockton, 2018). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 and Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis (enter). Results indicated that self-concept, parent-adolescent communication and peer-victimization predict the experience of cyber-victimization among students, including problem-free communication and verbal victimization and social manipulation by peers as risk factors for increasing cyber-victimization; social & physical self-concept and open communication as protective factors against cyber-victimization. These findings underscore the importance of paying attention to the use of cyberspace by adolescents and its dangers and planning and doing the strategies to reduce the negative effective factors related to cyber-victimization and harms and create and improve positive protective factors by the family and the education system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - School, the Family, Healthy Life Style among High School Students in the city of Esfahan
mansour haghighatianAbstract:The life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with MoreAbstract:The life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with the cultures of different countries, and so forth, have led to vast changes in consumption behaviors and life styles of the young. Utilizing the ideas of scholars such as Pierre Bourdieu and Anthony Giddens, this article aims to investigate the effects of variables such as teacher’s behaviors, academic materials, and parents’ way of living, foreign media usage (namely the internet and satellite TV), parents’ socio-economic status, and friends on students’ healthy life style. The research population consisted of all male and female high school students of the city of Isfahan of which, using Cochran's formula, 385 individuals were chosen as the sample. The results showed that the mean score of healthy life style of the students was 2/4 out of 5 which was below the medium level. Statistical analysis results showed that foreign media usage, parent's socio-economic status, and parent's way of living had more influence on students’ health-oriented life style.Key terms: healthy life style, foreign media usage, parents’ socio-economic status, parents’ way of living, friends Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - The Role of Mass Media in the Social Participation of Students in Different Disciplines of Sociology and Social Communication Sciences Faculties in Tehran Universities
افسانه مظفریSocial participation is one of the human social needs and guarantees the survival of individual and social life in communities. Social participation is not only the factor of solidarity in social networks and the essential development factor of civil society and democra MoreSocial participation is one of the human social needs and guarantees the survival of individual and social life in communities. Social participation is not only the factor of solidarity in social networks and the essential development factor of civil society and democratic tangential direction, but also shows the level of development of the societies.In this regard the media as one of the most important means of changes in society, accelerates the social partnership process as main factor in social development.The aim of research is investigating the role of mass media, such as television and social networks, in social partnership of students in different disciplines of sociology and social communication sciences faculties in Tehran universities like Islamic Azad University, science and research branch and central Tehran branch and also Allameh Tabatabai and Tehran universities.Survey was used a questionnaire to investigate the issue and answer the research questions and hypotheses. The questionnaire was answered by a sample of 294 university students of Tehran by quota sampling and the results were analyzed descriptively. The results show that the use of television as the same as social networks for social participation are very small. There is no significant difference in Social participation between graduate students and doctoral students. Social participation in married student is more than single students. And it is increased with increasing their ages. Social participation in sociology faculty is more than social communication science faculty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Analysis of the social production of space in the political economy of oil; A Review study
Javad Imani Shamloo Mojtaba Rafieian Cities and especially metropolises, due to the concentration of power and wealth factors, play anirreplaceable role in the developments of the contemporary world, in such a way that cities, due to theconcentration of capital - especially in the form of fixed capit More Cities and especially metropolises, due to the concentration of power and wealth factors, play anirreplaceable role in the developments of the contemporary world, in such a way that cities, due to theconcentration of capital - especially in the form of fixed capital - are considered as an important source for theflow of profit, which this flow through It is realized by political forces and mainly in favor of capitalist groups;Therefore, it is obvious that the metropolises under the oil system produce their style and spatial-functionalstructure corresponding to their economic and political situation, according to the specific politicalcharacteristics, so the exploration of the pattern of social-urban relations in the oil economy is the goal of thisresearch. . For this purpose, using a critical approach, historical documents in the socio-spatial field have beenanalyzed. The results of this study show that the formation of unequal social relations and speculative socialrelations grows in the framework of the rent system, and these inequalities continue to show themselves in thebody and urban structure after passing through the smoothness of the sp. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Analysis of socio-cultural harms of emerging cultural currents and its management strategies (Case study of ring mysticism)
Mohamadreza Taji eshkaftaki Sasan Vadie Reza Safari ShaliThe purpose of this article is to investigate the socio-cultural harms of ring mysticism in Iran on the one hand and to provide management strategies in this regard, on the other hand. In this study, data and information were collected using interview technique. The tar MoreThe purpose of this article is to investigate the socio-cultural harms of ring mysticism in Iran on the one hand and to provide management strategies in this regard, on the other hand. In this study, data and information were collected using interview technique. The target population of the study consists of two groups, promoters and members of the emerging current of ring mysticism in Iran, as well as experts and specialists in the field. The sample size was selected using saturation method and 30 people from each group were interviewed. The sampling method was non-probabilistic (targeted sampling and snowball). The collected data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings indicate that the most important cultural harms of ring mysticism in Iran include: Anti-religionism and weakening of religious beliefs, denial and transcendence of God, promotion of a new reading of Islam, personalization of religion, distortion of the face of genuine and true mysticism, reincarnation, promotion of a lifestyle based on individualism and worldly pleasure, overshadowing Islamic identity, And the most important social harms include suicide, divorce, family rupture, abuse and fraud, loss of social trust, weakening of common rituals and rituals, Loss of social status, weakening of common rituals and rituals, harm to loved ones, relationship with non-mahrams, fraud, problems and family conflicts and so on. The most important management strategies of this emerging trend include awareness and information, strengthening the doctrinal and spiritual strength, development of social capital, leisure management, strengthening the functioning of relevant institutions, and so on. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - The Role of Individual, Family and Social Factors in Explaining Cyber-victimization
Issa Khajvandahmadi Sara EbrahimiSocial harms in any society is considered as one of the main threatening factors of the social system and is one of the factors slowing down the development cycle and in some cases its deterrent. Therefore, success in dealing with social harms represents success in deve MoreSocial harms in any society is considered as one of the main threatening factors of the social system and is one of the factors slowing down the development cycle and in some cases its deterrent. Therefore, success in dealing with social harms represents success in developing and improving the social life of society. One of these harms, which is itself the result of the development of society and the spread of information and communication technology, is the victimization in cyberspace. Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify the relationship between individual and family factors as well as peers with victimization in cyberspace. The research population consisted of all adolescent girls 12 to 18 years old in Tehran, whom 326 adolescents were selected as samples with use of virtual snowball sampling. Participants in this study answered the online Cyber-Victimization Scale (Buelga et al., 2019), brief version of AF5 scale (García-Grau et al. 2014), Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (Purcell, 2007) and Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale (Joseph& Stockton, 2018). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 and Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis (enter). Results indicated that self-concept, parent-adolescent communication and peer-victimization predict the experience of cyber-victimization among students, including problem-free communication and verbal victimization and social manipulation by peers as risk factors for increasing cyber-victimization; social & physical self-concept and open communicationas protective factors against cyber-victimization. These findings underscore the importance of paying attention to the use of cyberspace by adolescents and its dangers and planning and doing the strategies to reduce the negative effective factors related to cyber-victimization and harms and create and improve positive protective factors by the family and the education system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - The Role of Mass Media in the Social Participation of Students in Different Disciplines of Sociology and Social Communication Sciences Faculties in Tehran Universities
Afsaneh Mozaffari Social participation is one of the human social needs and guarantees the survival of individual and social life in communities. Social participation is not only the factor of solidarity in social networks and the essential development factor of civil society and More Social participation is one of the human social needs and guarantees the survival of individual and social life in communities. Social participation is not only the factor of solidarity in social networks and the essential development factor of civil society and democratic tangential direction, but also shows the level of development of the societies. In this regard the media as one of the most important means of changes in society, accelerates the social partnership process as main factor in social development. The aim of research is investigating the role of mass media, such as television and social networks, in social partnership of students in different disciplines of sociology and social communication sciences faculties in Tehran universities like Islamic Azad University, science and research branch and central Tehran branch and also Allameh Tabatabai and Tehran universities. Survey was used a questionnaire to investigate the issue and answer the research questions and hypotheses. The questionnaire was answered by a sample of 294 university students of Tehran by quota sampling and the results were analyzed descriptively. The results show that the use of television as the same as social networks for social participation are very small. There is no significant difference in Social participation between graduate students and doctoral students. Social participation in married student is more than single students. And it is increased with increasing their ages. Social participation in sociology faculty is more than social communication science faculty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - The Sociological View toward Social Order in Metropolises (A Comparative Study of Tehran, London and Bombay)
Mohammadreza Javadi Yeganeh Mohammad Mehdi Labibi -
Open Access Article
135 - School, the Family, Healthy Life Style among High School Students in the City of Esfahan
Mansour HaghighatianThe life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with the cult MoreThe life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with the cultures of different countries, and so forth, have led to vast changes in consumption behaviors and life styles of the young. Utilizing the ideas of scholars such as Pierre Bourdieu and Anthony Giddens, this article aims to investigate the effects of variables such as teacher’s behaviors, academic materials, and parents’ way of living, foreign media usage (namely the internet and satellite TV), parents’ socio-economic status, and friends on students’ healthy life style. The research population consisted of all male and female high school students of the city of Isfahan of which, using Cochran's formula, and 385 individuals are chosen as the sample. The results show that the mean score of healthy life style of the students was 2.4 out of 5 which is below the medium level. Statistical analysis results show that foreign media usage, parent's socio-economic status, and parent's way of living had more influence on students’ health-oriented life style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Reference to Non-existent in Semantics
.Mohammad. Reza. AhmadkhaniOne of the subjects which is studied by scholars and philosophers in theWest and East, is determination of the truth conditions of sentencescontaing non-existent expressions and status of understanding thesemantic content of these sentences. We can not find a philosophe MoreOne of the subjects which is studied by scholars and philosophers in theWest and East, is determination of the truth conditions of sentencescontaing non-existent expressions and status of understanding thesemantic content of these sentences. We can not find a philosopher whohas not dealt with this subject. But as far as the author knows, there isno semantic study in linguistics, at least in Persian, about non-existentexpressions. The aim of this article is providing a new theory aboutstatus of reference and classification of non- existent expressions fromlinguistic semantic view. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Hick’s Pluralism: Challenge between Realism and Antirealism
ثریا سلاحوَرزیAccording to pluralism, in all great religious traditions, the unique finaltruth is experienced and comprehended in different forms. Here, amongthree kinds of pluralism, Hick’s pluralism is examined. His pluralism ismainly based on two principles: (1) Kant’s MoreAccording to pluralism, in all great religious traditions, the unique finaltruth is experienced and comprehended in different forms. Here, amongthree kinds of pluralism, Hick’s pluralism is examined. His pluralism ismainly based on two principles: (1) Kant’s epistemological model; (2)truth-coherentism.According to Kant’s model, the nature of Haq [= the Truth] in Himself, isbeyond the limits of man-made concepts. Haq is called “inexpressible” inWestern religious language, “without-form” in Eastern religious language,and “noumenal truth” in Kantian language, being experienced by humanbeings in the form of a chain of divine phenomena.Some objections are proposed to this view, seemingly similar to the viewsof proponents of Ta’til (Gnosticists) in Islamic tradition. Truth has newconnotation in Hick’s view, which is different from that of Islamicphilosophers such as ‘Allāmeheh Tabātābei andd Motahhari.Hick’s view, finally, approaches to pragmatist view, since he refers to theeffectiveness of religions as an evidence for the Absolute Being.Therefore, we can see a turn in his views from coherentism towardspragmatism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Analytical Evaluation of the Gap between Current State of Succession Planning System and the Expected one in Municipality of Mashhad
Omid Ali Kharazmi Fateme Beigi Nasrabadi Leila JohariPurpose: Succession planning is a process to ensure sustaining and developing intellectual and knowledge capital for the future and encourage people for promotion. This research aims to evaluate the current state of succession planning system and compare it with the exp MorePurpose: Succession planning is a process to ensure sustaining and developing intellectual and knowledge capital for the future and encourage people for promotion. This research aims to evaluate the current state of succession planning system and compare it with the expected situation in the municipality of Mashhad and analysis of the gap between them. Research method: The research method is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In the quantitative method, Research population was all employees in central Municipality of Mashhad. A total of 278 questionnaires were distributed randomly among them. Paired sample T-test is used in order to examine the gap between the current states and desired one. In the qualitative method, the saturated theory was applied and 6 people including managers and experts related to HRM department were interviewed. Findings: Results of the mean comparison tests showed that there is a gap between the scores of the current situation and the expected one, and results of the interviews confirmed this finding. The main reasons for the gap could be listed as: "The lack of senior management commitment", "Running challenges due to the large size of organization", "Failure to adhere to managerial principles and intensification of administrative bureaucracy", "Applying personal taste and preference of relation over regulations", "Manager fear of losing position and power", "Unwillingness of coordination of other departments with HRM department". Conclusion: The results of the quantitative research show the current status of succession planning in Mashhad municipality is poor and the gap between the current situation and the ideal situation is confirmed. Qualitative research confirms the results of quantitative research and finds the causes which are approved by theoretical principles of succession planning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Examining the Incentive and Deterrent Factors of Agricultural Agents’ Skill Development
mansour tayouri Seyed Jamal Farajollah Hossein mohammad sadegh sabouriAbstract: The purpose of the present study is to recognize and explain the incentive and deterrent factors of agricultural agents’ skill development in Iran, using grounded theory. In this study, in order to gather data, a detailed interview was conducted on 18 t MoreAbstract: The purpose of the present study is to recognize and explain the incentive and deterrent factors of agricultural agents’ skill development in Iran, using grounded theory. In this study, in order to gather data, a detailed interview was conducted on 18 top agricultural agents. The main criterion to determine the sample size was to achieve theoretical saturation point. All the persons of the studied sample size were selected through a purposeful approach and snowball sampling method. Coding and analyzing the data were executed during three stages and finally, incentive and deterrent factors of agricultural agents’ skill development were determined. According to the results of this research, incentive factors of skill development, including procedural and structural design, precise determination of duties, authorities and the scope of performances, providing grounds, updating the program, bridging the gaps, evaluating the institutionalization and integrity of the program, and institution building and procedural and structural reconsideration, are procedural and deterrent factors of skill development, including policy, partnership, educational, human resources, support, infrastructure, environmental-organizational, psychological and supervisory factors. Keywords: incentive factor, deterrent factor, skill development, agents Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - The Effect of Social learning on Environmental Destructive Behaviors in Farmers with Emphasis on the Role of Extension Training
Seyed Ahmad Mir Mohamad Tabar Mohamad Mazlom Khorasani Mohsen noghani Ali Silanian tosiSocial learning is one of the important ideas related to behavioral training in community members. Learning process has both positive and negative effects on environmental degradation behaviors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the positive and negative effe MoreSocial learning is one of the important ideas related to behavioral training in community members. Learning process has both positive and negative effects on environmental degradation behaviors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the positive and negative effects of learning and education on environmental destructive behaviors. The method of this research is descriptive correlations and the data was collected using a survey technique and a questionnaire tool. The statistical population of the study was farmers in the villages of Fereydonkenar Township of 6000 people. The sample size was calculated using Krejcie and Morgan table formula of 361 people. Sampling method is Multi-stage random sampling. The results of the study showed that the average of water and soil contamination behaviors in respondents is about 1.2 (out of 4) and the average use of chemical pesticides and deep wells is about 3.1 (out of 10). The results of structural equation model showed that the most effect on environmental destructive behaviors was related to severity of differential associations variables (β = 0.72), frequency association with friends (β = 0.26) and frequency association with family (β = 0.17). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Internet network design for quality of service guarantee using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
Elham Alipour Chavari Mohsen Rostamy-Malkhalifeh -
Open Access Article
142 - The approach of the goal programming to solve the problem of multi-criteria data envelopment analysis and its application in decision voting
Hamid sharafi -
Open Access Article
143 - Identification and differentiation of vaccinal and virulent Newcastle disease virus in Iran by HRM analysis
Dibazar, Sh., Sheikhi, N.*, Hemmatzadeh, F., Charkhkar, S., Pourbakhsh, A. .To control of outbreaks caused Newcastle disease, it is necessary to distinguish virulent virusesfrom vaccine strains, in minimum possible time and with high accuracy. The aim of this studywas using High-Resolution Melting-Curve Analysis (HRM) for detection and differen MoreTo control of outbreaks caused Newcastle disease, it is necessary to distinguish virulent virusesfrom vaccine strains, in minimum possible time and with high accuracy. The aim of this studywas using High-Resolution Melting-Curve Analysis (HRM) for detection and differentiation ofIranian Newcastle disease virus (NDVs) isolates from vaccine strains. In this study, 5 virulentisolates along with 2 vaccine strains, including B1 and Lasota were used. Based on thenucleotide sequence of F gene, 8 primers (A - H) were designed for the analysis of HRM. At thefirst stage, one virulent and 2 vaccine virus was analyzed by 8 primer pairs. Based on thepreliminary results of both RT-PCR HRM, 3 sets of the primers have been selected for finaltesting of the samples. The patterns obtained from wild viruses were compared with vaccinegroup. The melting temperatures for vaccine strains were higher than virulent isolates by A, B,C, F and H primer pairs; despite D, E and G. In this study, B and H primer pairs could separatevaccine strains from each other and from virulent isolates, better than other primers. Based onthese results, HRM analysis and correct primer selection can determinate and differentiatevirulent NDVs from vaccine strains. This technique is able to do this in short time and with highaccuracy in comparison with previous conventional approaches such as pathogenicity indicestests, RT-PCR and nucleotide sequencing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Comparing the effect of dielectric barrier discharge plasma and jet plasma for healing of tendon tissue
مریم Amini مهدی momeni علیرضا JahandidehTendon injury is a common problem and is increased in last decade. The healing of this tissue is weak because the weak blood circulation. Using of new technology such as cold plasma is necessary. The cold plasma is divided according to working gas and set up. The MoreTendon injury is a common problem and is increased in last decade. The healing of this tissue is weak because the weak blood circulation. Using of new technology such as cold plasma is necessary. The cold plasma is divided according to working gas and set up. The plasma jet and DBD are the two main plasma set up that play and important role in healing. Some factors such as voltage and electrode type is important in efficacy of the plasma systems. For achieving the optimum condition for healing, the voltage of plasma jet and DBD is adjusted to 5, 10 and 15 Kv and cu, steel and aluminum electrode were used. Then the density and temperature, voltage, current and OES of the plasmas were measured and the best condition were selected for tendon treatment. The results show that the treatment process is the same in the both plasmas but the amount of healing is different. Comparing the results show that DBD plasma at 15 kV and using CU electrode is the best treatment for tendon healing. OES analysis shows that the new peak of O and N is observed in this treatment which is not seen in the others. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Surveying the effect of electrokinetic together with leaching remediation on quality of drain water of a saline-alkaline soil
محمد علی غلامی سفیدکوهی میثم رمضانی میر خالق ضیاء تبار احمدیThe salinity of water and soil is called white death in many countries, because of its importance. Generally, the quantity of leaching water, energy consumption and time usage of soil remediation procedure are important factors which affect suitable method of soil recla MoreThe salinity of water and soil is called white death in many countries, because of its importance. Generally, the quantity of leaching water, energy consumption and time usage of soil remediation procedure are important factors which affect suitable method of soil reclamation. Electrokinetic (EK) is a physical method for salt extraction such as chemical, Organic and inorganic compounds. In this study, the horizontal placement of electrodes along with leaching procedure was used in Electrokinetic remediation of a saline-alkaline soil. For this purpose, two aluminum and reticular electrodes was placed above and under the soil column as anode and cathode, respectively. The soil columns heights were 10, 20, 30 and 45 cm. Then leaching water (30 mm) every day and totally Equivalent to Four times pore water was entered to soil and properties of drain water was measured. Although, leaching procedure without applying electrokinetic technique was done as control treatment. The results showed that Electrical Conductivity (EC) of drain water and current rate was changed sinusoidal in EK. Although, PH and temperature of drain water was changed between 6.8 to 9 and 23 to 35 centigrade, respectively. Leaching of cations increased in EK technique significantly (p<0.05). Leaching of anions decreased, but this change was not significant. The ratio of Na+ leaching compared to Ca2+ and Mg2+ in EK treatments was 8.5 percent greater than controls. Generally, EK method changed EC, weight of leached salt per soil weight and PH of drain water significantly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Performance evaluation of differential evolution algorithm in optimum operating of Eleviyan single-reservoir dam system
Reza Dashti Mohammad Taghi Sattari Vahid NouraniOptimum operating of reservoir dams is one of the most important challenges in the water resources management. In fact, integrated water resource management is necessary for an optimum and efficient operating of these resources. In this research the performance of diffe MoreOptimum operating of reservoir dams is one of the most important challenges in the water resources management. In fact, integrated water resource management is necessary for an optimum and efficient operating of these resources. In this research the performance of differential evolution algorithm is compared with the improved harmony search algorithm and nonlinear programming method in optimized operating of the Eleviyan single reservoir dam on Soofi-chay River which is one of the most important dams in the Urmia lake basin. Considering the vital importance of the ecological flow to prevent the death of Urmia Lake, an optimization model is developed to determine the minimum required ecological flow of the Soofi-chay River, besides to the water flow needs such as the municipal, industrial demands, and also minimizing the water shortage for agricultural targets. The reservoir parameters including reliability, vulnerability and sustainability indicators are used to evaluate the performance of the studied algorithms in an optimal utilization of the reservoir. The results showed that using the differential evolution algorithm gives a higher-performance compared to the other methods employed in this study in efficient operation of the Eleviyan dam system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Laboratory study of the influence of continuous and non-continuous macropore layers on solute transport in soil
Farshid Taran علی اشرف صدرالدینی امیرحسین ناظمیOne of the mechanisms of solute transport in soil is preferential flow or flow in macropores. In this study, to investigate the influence of macropore paths on solute transport, three soil bulks composed of 3% clay, 4.2% silt and 92.8% sand in a box with 200 cm length, MoreOne of the mechanisms of solute transport in soil is preferential flow or flow in macropores. In this study, to investigate the influence of macropore paths on solute transport, three soil bulks composed of 3% clay, 4.2% silt and 92.8% sand in a box with 200 cm length, 100 cm width and 45 cm height were used. The first soil bulk was homogeneous (without macrpore path), the second one contained soil and layers of 5 cm thickness, composed of gravels with 2-4 mm diameter, from surface to bottom of the box (with continuous macropore layers), and the third one contained also contained soil and layers of same thickness and material, but the layers extended only to a depth of 35 cm (with non-continuous macropore layers). The transport of NaCl solution in these three soil bulks were experimented and then simulated using GeoStudio. In the soil bulk having continuous macropore layers, in comparison with the one with no macropore layer, the solute traveled the distance between the surface and the bottom in a shorter time (about 27%) and the peak concentrations were sooner observed (10-20 min). However, the non-continuous layers had no significant impact on the speed of solute transport. The GeoStudio software satisfactorily simulated the solute transport with the coefficient of determination more than 0.970 and the values of the root mean square error less than 0.25. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Hydrological Drought Index Correction Based on Determining the Most Appropriate Probability Distribution
Maryam Jamal hossein ebrahimi Habib Mousavi JahromiStreamflow Drought Index (SDI) is based on the assumption that the flow data series follows from Gamma distribution. In this study, the efficiency of 65 statistical distributions was evaluated through the use of monthly and annual flow data series of 49 hydrometric stat MoreStreamflow Drought Index (SDI) is based on the assumption that the flow data series follows from Gamma distribution. In this study, the efficiency of 65 statistical distributions was evaluated through the use of monthly and annual flow data series of 49 hydrometric stations. The results show that on the annual scale, Gamma distribution is not the superior distribution. On a monthly scale, this distribution was found only in 1% of all cases examined as the superior distribution. This is while the Wakeby distribution was introduced on an annual basis in about 35 percent of the cases, and on a monthly scale, up to 43 percent of the scenarios were introduced as a top-ranked distribution. Based on the SDI index calculated based on Gamma distribution and Wakeby distribution, in the case of the P-Value of the Gamma distribution is less than 0.3, it is possible to move the drought classes using Wakeby distribution. These conditions were observed in 30% of the examined cases. The highest and the lowest displacements of the hydrological drought classes due to the use of superior distribution were in December and May, respectively. It was found that the highest frequency of displacement of the drought classes resulted from the use of superior distribution occurs in the normal class. Accordingly, it is recommended that the Wakeby distribution be replaced by the gamma distribution in the SDI calculations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - The Effect of Thickness and Number of Permeable Obstacles on Density Current Control and Trapping
Alireza Jahangir Kazem Esmaili Mahmoud Faghfour MaghrebiUnderstanding and studying the river flooding, which in most cases is density current, can help to reduce adverse effects of sedimentation. To this end, the creation of obstacles in the bed of stream will be effective. In this paper, the effect of thickness (dimension) MoreUnderstanding and studying the river flooding, which in most cases is density current, can help to reduce adverse effects of sedimentation. To this end, the creation of obstacles in the bed of stream will be effective. In this paper, the effect of thickness (dimension) and the second layer of permeable obstacles on the control and trapping of density current is investigated experimentally. For this purpose, two types of groove and cavity obstacles with grooves and cavity diameters equal to 3 mm and made of plaque glass were used. Density currents were created by adding an insoluble, suspended polymer of expanded polystyrene with a mean diameter of 1.15 mm and a density of 1.155 g / l. The experiments utilized two different concentrations (10 and 20%), five different porosities, four different angles, four different thicknesses and two barrier layers. The results showed that the density current process with 10% porosity of the groove obstacle increased with increasing thickness. The second layer of obstacles have increased the material passage through both groove and cavity obstacles. This increase was recorded in the groove type of 1.96 and the cavity type of 2.34. Investigations showed that the optimal distance of the second obstacle from the first was 2.25 meters. According to the results, under similar conditions, cavity obstacles always perform better than groove ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - The Muhammadan Reality and Its Inherent Purity, Genetic Innocence and Existential Simplicity
Seyyed Morteza Hosseini Shahroudi Razieh NikiThe main characteristic of the prophets and saints is their innocenceand purity. However, this innocence is not the same for all of them so ithas different gradations and multiple levels. The highest degree ofinnocence is the noncompoundness or the purity and simplicity MoreThe main characteristic of the prophets and saints is their innocenceand purity. However, this innocence is not the same for all of them so ithas different gradations and multiple levels. The highest degree ofinnocence is the noncompoundness or the purity and simplicity ofexistence which is the unique characteristic of the first Divinedetermination i.e. the Muhammadan Reality. The Divine Truth throughits descending journey manifested itself in the forms of the Prophet andhis household, therefore, all Divine attributes and perfections, such asinherent purity, genetic innocence and existential simplicity, exist inthese manifestations. But in the natural world due to its restrictions,there is no room for these perfections. Therefore, the Prophet in hisessence is an infinite and noncompound being, but, in the natural worldand exoteric sense, is a man like other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - The Methodology of Comparative Studies of Mysticism
علی صادقی شهپرComparative studies of mysticism tries to compare mysticalphenomena in different cultures in order to bring about a betterunderstanding of these cultures and make an intercultural relationbetween them.This article classifies the sources of the study into the first hand, MoreComparative studies of mysticism tries to compare mysticalphenomena in different cultures in order to bring about a betterunderstanding of these cultures and make an intercultural relationbetween them.This article classifies the sources of the study into the first hand,second hand and third hand sources, and differentiate the translatedsources from exegeses. It reviews the difficulties of the comparativemethod of research on mysticism, like: unavailability of the first handsources, misunderstanding of the original sources by the foreignresearchers, and word by word translation of mystical terms. It alsosuggests some resolutions for dealing with such problems (e. g.functionalist approach). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - The Effect of Different Solvent Systems on Some Chemical Properties of Pistachio Nut Oil Contaminated with Aflatoxin
N. Ahmadi Kamazani S. A. Mortazavi M. Ebrahimi Tajabadi , M. Hasani M. Ghotbi -
Open Access Article
153 - Investigation of Rheological Behavior of Malva Flower Mucilage Under Different Temperature, Concentration and Shear Rate Conditions
A. Ghorbani A.H. Elhamirad L. Nateghi M.H. Haddad Khodaparast F. Zarei -
Open Access Article
154 - Transmission and Retention Status of the Contamination Index (Escherichia Coli) with Different Levels of Salinity in the Saturated Column
Sahar Akhavan Soheila Ebrahimi Maryam Navabian Mahmoud Shabanpour Ali Mojtahedi Alireza Movahedi NaeiniBackground and Objectives: Escherichia coli is the most common fecal coliform in the cow manure that is considered as an indicator of groundwater contamination. In this regard, the present study was designed to investigate the preferential transmission and retention of MoreBackground and Objectives: Escherichia coli is the most common fecal coliform in the cow manure that is considered as an indicator of groundwater contamination. In this regard, the present study was designed to investigate the preferential transmission and retention of Escherichia coli bacteria as an indicator of pollution in terms of using saline water. Material & Methodology: Laboratory studies were conducted in preferential flow system with synthetic m acro-pores with different diameter and salinity treatments under saturation flow in 2016. E. coli and chloride bio-tracer were used for detecting the effect of different water salinity levels. The wastewater samples were collected continuously during the transmission experiment at specific intervals. At the end of the experiment, three depths of soil from each column were sampled in two macro-porous and matrix areas. Then, the concentrations of bacteria and chloride were analyzed. Findings: The highest and the lowest concentration of E. coli in the collected drainage were observed in salinity of 1dS m-1 and 4dS m-1, respectively. At a depth of 5 cm, the bacterial retention rate was maximal and equal to 1.3 × 105 CFU-1. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that most of the treated bacteria were retained in the surface layers of the soil. Also, the amount of contaminants passing through the soil decreased with soil depth, so that the retention rate was decreased 10% per 5 cm increase in depth. In addition, the high concentration of bacteria exhausting from the soil columns treated with high salinity is due to the role of minerals such as salt in the transmission of bacteria. Therefore, water salinity can play an important role in reducing the pollution of groundwater resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Influence of Heredity and Soil Forming Processes on the Distribution of Heavy Elements and Physical, Chemical Soil Properties
Ali Afshari kamran moravej Parisa AlamdariAbstract Background and Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical properties and distribution of heavy metals in soils with different parent materials in the central part of Zanjan province. Method: In this study, 15 developed soil profiles MoreAbstract Background and Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical properties and distribution of heavy metals in soils with different parent materials in the central part of Zanjan province. Method: In this study, 15 developed soil profiles were excavated on Granite, Basalt, Andesite, Porphyrite, Volcanic tuff Limeston, Conglomerates, Shale, Phyllites, Sandstone, Dolomite and Alluvium parent materials. Then, Pedons were described according to the USDA Soil Conservation Services instruction and diagnostic horizons and their classification were conducted up to the great group category, in accordance with soil taxonomy (2014). Soils were classified in Mollisols, Inceptisols and Entisols orders. All of the genetic horizons of pedons and their bedrock (apart from alluvial deposits) were sampled. Also, whole of the laboratory analysis related to the physicaochemical properties of heavy elements was conducted by conventional and standard methods. Findings: The amount of CaCO3 (49.3%) and pH (0.8) in Calcareous soil, organic matter (1.6%), cation exchange capacity (26 cmol(+)kg soil-1), clay (24.4%) and silt (61.9%) was maximized in soils with Andesite, Porphyrite, Tuff and Dolomite parent materials, respectively. The average of nickel, lead and cadmium were the highest value (56, 74.1 and 0.23 mg/kg soil, respectively) in dolomite parent materials soils. Chromium and iron showed the highest value (41.3, 34800, 27.5 mg/kg soil, respectively) in soils formed from Shale parent materials. Copper also indicated the highest value (47.2, 130.3 and 28.3 mg/kg soil, respectively) in Porphyrite parent materials soil. Finally, zinc and cobalt were the highest value (47.2, 130.3 and 28.3 mg/kg soil, respectively) in basaltic parent material soils. Discussion and Conclusion: Cluster analysis algorithm was classified the pedogenic A and B soil horizons in three groups: the first group consists of soils formed from Conglomerate-Shale, Shale and Limestone parent materials. Second group includes Porphyrite, Basalt, and Andesite parent materials soils and the third group consists of soils formed from Tuff, Phyllites, and Alluvium parent materials. The results did not change by adding the parent material horizon (C and Cr). So, the amount of major elements in pedogenic soil horizons is largely controlled by soil heredity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Evaluating the Effects of Run off on Khadijeh Khatoun Basin Using MPSIAC Model
Hamidreza Pazouki Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi Hossein BabazadehBackground and Objective: Unfortunately, in recent decade, due to land use change and vegetation cover degradation, most of the rainfall changed into run off and causes abundant loss of life and property by creating enormous floods. The purpose of this evaluation was to MoreBackground and Objective: Unfortunately, in recent decade, due to land use change and vegetation cover degradation, most of the rainfall changed into run off and causes abundant loss of life and property by creating enormous floods. The purpose of this evaluation was to study the run off impacts on the erosion of the catchment area using the MPSIAC model.Method: For this purpose, the basic information and maps of the Khadijeh Khatoon basin in 2018 such as topographic and geology maps were collected. Then the calculation steps of nine model factors including surface geology or metrology, soil, climate, run off, topography, land cover, land use, current erosion and river erosion, and erosion and Sediment is estimated. Finally, the relationship between runoff and erosion of the basin was determined and the model of erosion and sediment estimation from runoff was determined.Findings: The results of this study showed that the amount of soil erosion is equal to 5806.97 tons per year and is 3.58 tons per hectare per year. If the value of one ton of agricultural land is equal to 50 US dollars and if the condition of erosion is available, the value of 5806.97 tons per year is equal to 290348.5 US dollars, which is equal to 11613.9 million Rials. The MPSIAC's seventh and eighth factor basins are the most effective factors.Discussion and Conclusion: This conclusion suggests that pastures around Khadijeh Khatoun are not well-conditioned due to over-capacity utilization, and the whole of the region's pastures due to climatic conditions. Also, the results showed that the runoff factor had a linear correlation of 0.98 with erosion, which indicates that the higher the runoff, the increase in the amount of erosion and deposition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Explanation the legal status and managerial governing the production and consumption of pesticides and chemical fertilizers
Mohammad Mobinifar Naser Ghasemi Reza ArjmandiToday, the use of pesticides somehow indicates just some of deterioration of agricultural standards. Due to the effects of the pesticide contaminants in animal and human life, our country's commitment to the implementation of related rules and regulations, Improve the q MoreToday, the use of pesticides somehow indicates just some of deterioration of agricultural standards. Due to the effects of the pesticide contaminants in animal and human life, our country's commitment to the implementation of related rules and regulations, Improve the quality and utilization of pesticides is much more accurate. In this Regard, the role of organizations such as the judiciary, the Environmental Protection Agency, Ministry of Health, Agricultural Jihad, Plant Protection Organization, it is clear in the formulation and implementation of rules and regulations related to pesticides. In this Study, Explanation the legal status and managerial governing the production and consumption of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, is considered legal aspects, environmental and executive management. Ahead cross-sectional study based on the principles and methods, and this research has been done on the basis of library studies and official statistics. According to the study about the legal status and managerial governing the production and consumption of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, legal, environmental, managerial and administrative aspects are mentioned.In the Light of what has been reached by this study, Exploration of Rules and regulations related to pesticides in Iran, as well as Effective approaches and strategies in the light of the existing procedures to control pests and pesticides has been Studied. Results, Shows the limitation rules in the excretion of toxins pests in Iran and it does seems that, these rules must be complemented through effective framework that can better model to be implemented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Prediction of Ecological Succession of the Beech-Hornbeam Stand (Case study: Kheyrood forest, Nooshahr Province)
Mahdi Kakavand Khosro Sagheb-Talebi Kiomars Sefidi Mohammadreza Abdoli Mohamad- Reza Marvi- MOHADJER Moeteza MoridiBackground and Objective: Dynamics of Forest communities, before the climax stage, are very high, and small changes in the conditions of the stands would result in sudden responses such as dominant species changing or increasing the number of accessory species in the ac MoreBackground and Objective: Dynamics of Forest communities, before the climax stage, are very high, and small changes in the conditions of the stands would result in sudden responses such as dominant species changing or increasing the number of accessory species in the accessory stand. This study aims to predict the sequence of the beech- hornbeam stand toward beech stand in the semi-virgin forest Hyrcanian of northern Iran.Material& Methodology: After field studies, three sample plots with an area of one hectare (100 × 100 m) were selected, which included hornbeam-beech type (middle stage type of Hyrcanian forest sequence). At first, four species turbulence factors, the ratio of number of seedlings to mother rootstocks, the percentage of abundance of dry matter and the indices of diameter and height differentiation in the sample plots were measured.Findings: Layering Charts of species indicate the conspicuous presence of beech in the understory of three stands with 61.3 percentage on average. In addition, the average number of proportion of seedlings to the number of mother trees in beech and hornbeam were are 30.1 and 2.3, respectively. The highest percentage of dead trees’ (67%) frequency in the plots is related to Hornbeam species. The results of the TDi and THi indexes charts, with averages of 0.13 and 0.1, respectively, demonstrate a dramatic competition between beech and hornbeam.Discussion and Conclusion: Through the measuring of the competition in natural stands and combining results with other factors such as stage and seedling frequency and layering in the stand indicate that beech would be likely to be replaced by hornbeem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - Surveying and Predicting Surface Currents of Khuzestan Province Using Time Series Models
Alireza Entezari Rasoul SarvestanThe purpose of this study was to study the surface currents of Khuzestan province and its prediction for the period (2019Background and Objective: The present study is to evaluate the surface currents of Khuzestan province and its forecast for the period 2019 to 2021 us MoreThe purpose of this study was to study the surface currents of Khuzestan province and its prediction for the period (2019Background and Objective: The present study is to evaluate the surface currents of Khuzestan province and its forecast for the period 2019 to 2021 using time series models.Material & Methodlogy: The present study was conducted in 9 selected stations from Khuzestan province in order to compare the accuracy of the time series model and predict the amount of surface currents. For this purpose, the monthly flow data of the hydrometric station for 22 years (1391-2014) has been used. The multiplicative seasonal time series model of surface currents was investigated and the best model was fitted. Findings: The results of these studies show that the best models fitted in SARIMA (1,1,1) (1,0,1), SARIMA, SARIMA (0,1,1) (1,0,1), telephoto SARIMA, Primate (1,0,1) (1,1,1) SARIMA, Dezful (1,0,2) (1,1,1) SARIMA, Plain SARIMA, Dokehe (0,2,2) (1,1,1) SARIMA, Gotvand (1,1,2) (1,0,1) SARIMA (1,1,1) And SARAB (1.1.2) (2.1.1), which had good accuracy to predict surface currents.Discussion and Conclusion: Surveying the annual prediction of surface currents for 2019 to 2029 showed that surface currents in all selected stations decreased and this decrease in Ahwaz station to the highest and the two-hill station to the lowest values reaches to 9.78 and 0/58 respectively; also, the monthly forecast showed that in December, with 6/98 and 1/67, the highest and lowest decreases would occur. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Modeling of Qaleh Rudkhan river sediment rate prediction, using LSTM neural network
Mahbobeh Shadabi bejand Ebrahim AmiriBackground and Objective: Proper estimation of the amount of sediment flowing in rivers is important as a data base for many river engineering designs and processes. Qaleh Rudkhan River is one of the most important water basins in the west of Gilan province. The most im MoreBackground and Objective: Proper estimation of the amount of sediment flowing in rivers is important as a data base for many river engineering designs and processes. Qaleh Rudkhan River is one of the most important water basins in the west of Gilan province. The most important branches of the basin are two branches named Gasht Rudkhan and Ghaleh Rudkhan. The river (Qaleh Rudkhan) is made up of two branches (Heydaralat) and (Nazaralat). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to model the prediction of sediment rate in Qaleh Rudkhan River using long short-term memory neural network (LSTM). Material and Methodology: In this research, the recorded Debi-sediment statistics related to the statistical period of 1381 to 1395 has been used. These statistics include daily instantaneous Debi in cubic meter per second and daily instantaneous sediment in ton per day, which are measured simultaneously. The data used to model the artificial neural network are Debi-sediment values the accuracy of the predictions was evaluated with three error criteria. Findings: The three criteria considered are AFE, FFE and n-AFE, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Among these criteria, the FFE criterion showed that the correlation between the model output and the measured sediment data is appropriate. As a result, the LSTM model has the appropriate accuracy to predict the amount of sediment in the two rivers of Qala-e-Rudkhan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - Field Study of Currents in the North of Strait Hormuz
Masoud Torabi Azad Samad hamzeiIntroduction: In the northwestern part of Indian Ocean located Strait of Hormuz and has connected the Persian Gulf to the Oman Sea. Semi diurnal tides, seasonal winds, and buoyancy forces due to density differences waters of the Persian Gulf to the Oman Sea has caused w MoreIntroduction: In the northwestern part of Indian Ocean located Strait of Hormuz and has connected the Persian Gulf to the Oman Sea. Semi diurnal tides, seasonal winds, and buoyancy forces due to density differences waters of the Persian Gulf to the Oman Sea has caused water exchange in the Strait of Hormuz. Ocean currents are the major cause of environmental pollution, maritime transport, oil spills, and moving objects are floating in the Strait of Hormuz. The aim of this research was to study the currents in the northern Strait of Hormuz by Eulerian method to investigate the seasonal variation of currents in this Strait. Materials and Methods: The current survey by mechanical current meters with an accuracy ± 1 cm /s in the northern part of the Strait of Hormuz at interval time on January to May 2007 with total time duration of 8 days has been done. A mechanical current meter, flow meter and GPS were used in this monitoring. Mechanical current meter model A101 which was made in England, was used. The device accurately measures speed 1 cm / s with an accuracy of 5 degrees, this system can record data every 5 minutes. Flowmeter Model Z30 is a very simple device that uses a blade, a few bars and wires, and a flow indicator is made. It can measure up to 3.5 meters of water speed. By placing this device in the direction of water motion, water flow rate can be recorded. Discussion: The analysis of current data shows that semi diurnal tide is the main constituent. Hence this component was removed to consider the residual components due to wind and buoyancy typical deep tidal current is about 30-40 cm/s while the surface tidal current can reach 112 cm/s and the residual current range from 4.5-7.6 cm/s. In research Stations residual current magnitude in winter 5 cm /s is smaller than the spring rate 8 cm/s. Conclusion: The effect of tide on currents in the Strait of Hormuz at measurement stations has been shown. By moving from the center towards the north coasts of Strait of Hormuz, the speed of tidal currents will increase. Residual currents are influenced by wind and density differences and moves from the north of Strait of Hormuz into the Persian Gulf. This current movement speed is lower in winter than in spring. Lardner and the monthly mean wind driven current and density gradient current was investigated for Persian Gulf and speed of currents close to the coast of Iran at surface 0.05 m/s to about 0.04 m/s in bottom was estimated.The results obtained of this research with compare the lardner and eta al model is correspond. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Effect of Current Induced by Density Cahnges on Performance of Sedimentation Tanks and Proposing Solutions to Eliminate its Negative Impacts
Seyed Mostafa Khezri Faranak MirfattahAbstract Background and Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the disadvantages of density in sedimentation tanks and suggest sollutions to eliminate those disadvantages. Method: In this study, a 1:20–scale rectangular sedimentation tank, with thic MoreAbstract Background and Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the disadvantages of density in sedimentation tanks and suggest sollutions to eliminate those disadvantages. Method: In this study, a 1:20–scale rectangular sedimentation tank, with thickness of 10 mm, was used as a pilot. The pilot was made up of plexiglass according to the Frod model. Three draw_offs in the bottom of the tank, two withdraw baffles, one intermediate baffle, one inlet baffle and effluent weir configurations were used in the experiments. Turbulence was formed by density of current and then lighter suspended solids went toward effluent weir. Results: The turbulence cused by currents lead to increase of suspended solids at effluent and decrease of the sedimentation tank efficiency. The proposed sollution for prohibition of those disadvantages is the use of baffles in different positions. Conclusion: The results indicated increases of 20% for using intermediate baffle and 23% for using withdrawal baffles within 2.2-6.8 °C temperature difference between entering current and sedimentation tank contests with suspended solid concentrations of 100- 300 mg/lit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Commercial Areas Locate Region 17 of Tehran Using Fuzzy AHP Method
Mohammad Heydar ali Saeed KarimiAbstract Background and Objective: The urban location with the use of GIS in urban planning is very important. Commercial usage is one the most important urban usage wich affects other urban activities. It is worth noting that people are actively deal with space and alw MoreAbstract Background and Objective: The urban location with the use of GIS in urban planning is very important. Commercial usage is one the most important urban usage wich affects other urban activities. It is worth noting that people are actively deal with space and always with the business and related information. Individual placement in a convenient location from an environmental perspective and getting it by all senses will be able to actively respond to the environment and it will draw the attention to the environment. Due to the remoteness of the hospitals, railway stations and close to natural areas such as parks, subjective factors such as the appearance of intimacy, originality and vitality affected and will affect the ability to invite people. Method: In this regard, appropriate measures to study the documents formulation and using the AHP model value of each criterion, relative to other criteria determined and to each of the relevant criteria weights. Finally, the resulting weights in layers of criteria and multiplication using fuzzy compounds layers were combined. Results: Integrated data showed that the 2 with more favorable situation than the 1 and the area as well as with situation better than 3 areas with different importance is the best place to create trade center. Conclusion: Region 17 of Tehran withpopulation of more than 358 thousands suffers from adequate access to 3 district municipality and this matter makes the costs of access to urban services increase. Therefore, this study explains appropriate indicators and geographic information systems to locate suitable commercial places in the region in each explained municipal areas which have been chosen for the establishment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Spatial Distribution Patterns of Heavy Metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, Co, Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd) in the Central Area of Zanjan
Ali Afshari Hossein KhademiBackground and Objectives: Heavy metals are the most important environment pollutants, especially in high-density residential areas. The objective of this study was main purpose of this study was the determination of spatial distribution patterns of heavy metals (includ MoreBackground and Objectives: Heavy metals are the most important environment pollutants, especially in high-density residential areas. The objective of this study was main purpose of this study was the determination of spatial distribution patterns of heavy metals (including Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, Co, Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd) according to ordinary kriging method for the central parts of Zanjan province, Iran. Methods: In this study the 241 of mixed samples of soil, picked up from 0 till 10 Cm depth based on Random Networking (Area of case study was around 2000 Km2). Inorder to, for investigating of the impacts of bedrocks on the heavy metals, we sampled of eleven bedrocks. We used of Nitric Acid (5N), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and ordinal kriging for extraction, detection and finally, preparation of maps, respectively. Findings:The result showed the best models are Spherical models for the spatial distribution of lead, zinc, nickel, cadmium, copper, cobalt, iron and exponential models for chromium and manganese respectively. The map of the spatial distribution of metals showed that the distribution of iron, manganese, nickel, cobalt and chromium depend on geological formations.While it seems the concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd were depended domestic and industry areas. Discussion and Conclusion: The highest concentrations of the metals were naturally detected in basalt and shale context with analyzing of bedrocks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - Formation and Development of "Future Generation Rights" Concept in International Environmental Law
Seyed Abbas Poorhashemi Farhad Dabiri Yalda Khalatbari Sahar ZareiIrregular utilization as well as environmental damages by mankind caused concerns for future generation. Identifying the rights of future generation is an important step to achieve to sustainable development. In this regard, conservation of environment, reasonable and f MoreIrregular utilization as well as environmental damages by mankind caused concerns for future generation. Identifying the rights of future generation is an important step to achieve to sustainable development. In this regard, conservation of environment, reasonable and fair utilization of sources to reach to a distinct future that ensures the rights of future generation are supposed as the duty of international community. So, the concept of "future generation rights" that firstly entered to international arena after ratification of United Nations charter 1945 and then developed by Stockholm declaration (1972) in international environmental law. Nevertheless, the concept of "future generation rights" as a moral and normalized principle is faced with many ambiguities. In the first chapter, legal ambiguities of this concept from different aspects regarding international law are examined. In the second chapter, in order to study legal basis of this concept in international environmental law, its status in binding and non-binding law is observed .in Chapter three we try to have a look at implementation of this concept in international environmental law. At the end, in fourth chapter collecting data, conclusion and suggestions are performed to attain a better realization of this concept implementation in international environmental law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Decolorination of Reactive Blue19 Dye in Dying Industries Wastewater by Electro-Fenton Process
Mohammad Malakootian Mehdi Asadi Amir hossein MahviBackground: Due to increase of water consumption and lack of resources, wastewater reuse, especially in the industries, as one of the methods for supplying water needs is considered. Dyeing industries are among the large consumers of water and the major problem of their MoreBackground: Due to increase of water consumption and lack of resources, wastewater reuse, especially in the industries, as one of the methods for supplying water needs is considered. Dyeing industries are among the large consumers of water and the major problem of their produced wastewater is that it contains color materials and it is non-biodegradable. The conventional methods for removing color from wastewater often lead to production of a large amount of sludge, posing the problems of sludge disposal and treatment. Electro-Fenton process is an advanced oxidation process which can decrease the pollutants organic and color concentrations effectivelly. Materials and methods: In this method, sampling of wastewater was done according to standard methods book for the examination of water and wastewater principles. Then the samples were transferred to the made electrochemical cell pilot, and the impact of various parameters including the amount of electric current, rate of consumption of iron ions, pH and electrolysis time on operating conditions of process was evaluated. Results: The results showed that under the optimal conditions as current intensity of 20 V for color concentration of 100 mg/L and current intensity of 30 V for color concentration of over 200 mg/L time range of45-60 min, iron ion oncentration of 0.3 mg/L and pH = 4, color removal of 100% can be achieved. Conclusion: Electro-Fenton process is capable of removing Reactive Blue19 dye with different concentrations and maximum efficiency. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the electric current intensity and iron ion concentration are the parameters affecting the Electro-Fenton process for the removal Reactive Blue19 dye, whereas electrolysis time and pH parameters were less effective on the efficiency of Electro-Fenton process for the removal of Reactive Blue19 dye Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Design of a supply chain network considering environmental factors under uncertainty and solving the model by multi- objective differential evolutionary algorithm (MODE)
Mohammad Mahdi Saffar Hamed Shakouri Ganjavi Jafar RazmiBackground and Objective: Today, design of a supply chain network which balances economic and environmental issues is attractive not only for researchers and practitioners, but also for managers and industrial decision makers. Method: This study introduces a bi-objecti MoreBackground and Objective: Today, design of a supply chain network which balances economic and environmental issues is attractive not only for researchers and practitioners, but also for managers and industrial decision makers. Method: This study introduces a bi-objective supply chain network which uses a fuzzy approach in order to include uncertainty in parameters of the model and apply it to a real case. Moreover, this model takes environmental and economic issues into account simultaneously. This consideration occurs in production and recovery technologies. Furthermore, the aim of the represented model is to choose the optimal production technology at all centers, the optimal production planning, facilities and location and the optimal number of those technologies which must be purchased. The fuzzy model is converted to an auxiliary crisp model by Jimenez approach and then solved with є-constraint. For the large sized problems, the Multi Objective Differential Evolutionary algorithm (MODE) is applied. Findings: It was shown that the cost objective functions and CO2 emission objective function are in conflict with each other, implying that any increase in one of them leads to decrease of another one and vice versa. Totally, it can be concluded that the -constraint method and the MODE method are appropriate and qualified methods for solving the auxiliary crisp model of supply chain network design problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - The effect of leverage ratios customers on credit risk in Iranian Banks using mixed effects model (fixed and random)
Teimor Mohammadi Hadi JohariIn this study, we examine the effect of customer leverage ratios on credit risk of banks in Iran using a mixed (fixed and random effects) model.To estimate credit risk of legal customers in Iran banking system, we use mixed effect logistic regression. Total observations MoreIn this study, we examine the effect of customer leverage ratios on credit risk of banks in Iran using a mixed (fixed and random effects) model.To estimate credit risk of legal customers in Iran banking system, we use mixed effect logistic regression. Total observations would be 5925 records of legal companies which have been received loan from Iranian banks.Considering the results of the estimated model in order to estimate the credit risk of the legal customers of the banking system of the country, it can be seen that among the 40 qualitative and quantitative variables studied, only 10 variables influenced the credit risk of legal customers, among which The effect of customer leverage ratios on credit risk has been positive so that by increasing one unit in the ratio of current debt ratio, credit risk is increased by 0.05 percent. Also, with a one-unit increase in the Long-term debt ratio, credit risk increases by 0.03 percent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Impact of portfolio diversification on the performance of holding companies based on modern and modernized theories of portfolios
ali farhadianOver the last few years, holding companies have had an increasing impact on the country's capital market, due to their high growth in stock exchanges, both in terms of number and size of capital And diversification is one of the key strategies that hiding companies have MoreOver the last few years, holding companies have had an increasing impact on the country's capital market, due to their high growth in stock exchanges, both in terms of number and size of capital And diversification is one of the key strategies that hiding companies have been focusing on to increase efficiency and to stay safe from risks; However, the researchers do not agree on this issue. To this end, by using the statistical data of 51 holding companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during 2011-2017, the impact of portfolio diversification on performance based on modern and modernized theories of portfolios investigated. For this purpose, firstly, the variables of the study were examined in terms of their status, Then the least squares method was used for analyzing data and (GMM) and generalized generalized (EGLS) torque (EGLS) for estimating hypotheses.The findings show that diversification in holding companies on performance criteria is based on modern theories and based on modernist theories of portfolios (Jensen, Sharp, Triner, Sortino, Desirability Potential, Omega and Trener, and Jensen Adjustment) has a positive and significant effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Measuring multiple bubbles in the housing sector (land and rent house): A recursive unit root test approach
Madjid Hatefi Madjumerd omolbanin Jalali Mohammad Rahimi GhasemabadiThe housing sector is one of the key sectors of Iran, which is of great importance.One of the issues that this market faces is the presence of speculators in this market, which leads to the bubble of this market and, thus, imposes a lot of costs on society. In this rega MoreThe housing sector is one of the key sectors of Iran, which is of great importance.One of the issues that this market faces is the presence of speculators in this market, which leads to the bubble of this market and, thus, imposes a lot of costs on society. In this regard, determining the bubble and date stamping and determining the type of existing bubbles in a single or multiple type can be of great help to policymakers. Considering this, the main objective of the present study was to investigate the bubbles dating in the housing market (land and rent house), the date stamping and determination of the single or multiple bubbles.The method used in this study is recursive unit root approach provided by Philips et al (2013), known as RADF and GSADF tests. The results of this study showed that Tehran and all urban areas, large cities, small and medium sized cities in the years 1382 to 1392 have experienced bubble periods at land prices and rentals, of which the most important bubble interval was from 1386 to 1387. There were also bubble periods in land prices and rentals from 1390 to 1392. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - The Development of Forecasting Model for Coherent Risk in Exchange Companies: Accounting data Approach
Hosein Aryaeinezhad Arash Naderian Hosein Didekhani Ali KhozainIran Stock Exchange has developed a lot in recent years. Today, the importance of forecasting and its benefits for decision-making and policy-making from various dimensions, especially in the field of investment, is not hidden from anyone. Risk is one of the first conce MoreIran Stock Exchange has developed a lot in recent years. Today, the importance of forecasting and its benefits for decision-making and policy-making from various dimensions, especially in the field of investment, is not hidden from anyone. Risk is one of the first concerns of investors and is an important criterion in decision making. Value at risk as a risk measure has given way to measuring a variety of risks, but despite the high efficiency of this model due to some shortcomings, including the lack of aggregation feature of a coherent risk measure. Conditional Risk Value (CvaR) is considered as a coherent risk measure that has recently been welcomed and has been proposed as a useful tool for measuring risk.To predict the risk, various models have been presented so far, each of which has its strengths and weaknesses. Some of them are weak in terms of lack of appropriate theoretical foundations and others have not shown proper efficiency in practice despite using appropriate theoretical foundations. Provide adequate empirical risk assessment that helps both investors and anticipate unexpected risks that may threaten companies. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the application of neural network models and hybrid models. In the present study, a combined model of coherent risk prediction is presented and developed using fuzzy neural network inference system (ANFIS) based on Markov switching models and Garch family models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Estimation the risk-neutral processes in jump–diffusion models of gold coin future contracts in Iran Mercantile Exchange
Nahid Malekiniya hosein asgari aloujEstimation the risk market prices and the functions of the stochastic processes of the model are necessary in commodity derivatives pricing. When a closed-form solution is unclear, estimating of the risk market price is a main question in the jump–diffusion models MoreEstimation the risk market prices and the functions of the stochastic processes of the model are necessary in commodity derivatives pricing. When a closed-form solution is unclear, estimating of the risk market price is a main question in the jump–diffusion models. This paper along with Gomez's, Habibilashgari's and Rodriguez's review (2016) is suggested to estimate the functions of the risk-neutral processes directly from market data of Iran. In this approach, there is no need to estimate the physical drift and the risk market prices of coin future contracts pricing. This research estimates the risk-neutral drifts, volatilities and parameters of the jump range distributions with Iran Mercantile Exchange data of the coin future contract , from 2010 to 2017. The findings show that JDM and DM under price the futures prices and the prices obtained with the JDM are closer to the observed prices than those obtained with the DM. For the longest maturities the JDM provides smaller errors than the DM. The higher the maturity, the higher the differences between the two models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - The Best Pattern of financial reporting quality in Iran from the viewpoint of investors and others interested groups
mirhafez amirazad Rasoul Baradaran Hasanzadeh ahmad mohamadi Houshang TaghizadehThe purpose of this study is determining of the Best Pattern for financial reporting quality from the viewpoint of interested groups. in this research the variables affecting the financial reporting quality, which are extracted by interviewing experts from different gro MoreThe purpose of this study is determining of the Best Pattern for financial reporting quality from the viewpoint of interested groups. in this research the variables affecting the financial reporting quality, which are extracted by interviewing experts from different groups (suppliers, auditors, users and researchers) by Grounded Theory, are based on three well-applied indicators of financial reporting quality assessment based on the modified Jones model. (1995), Modified Dechow and Dichey model(2002) and Francis et al. model (2005)fitted.through multi-variable regression fitting on a sample of 120 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange are examined.Which variables in the various groups can good explain the quality of financial reporting. Given that the main focus of financial reporting is to provide quality financial reports to entities. So that it can be useful in economic decision making.The preparation of high quality financial reports is important because it can have a positive impact on the decisions made by equity providers and other stakeholders regarding investment, accreditation and other similar allocation decisions.And thereby enhance the overall efficiency of the capital market.Although the FASB and IASB emphasize the importance of quality financial reporting, one of the key problems in prior literature is how to operate and measure this quality. empirical evaluation of financial reporting quality inevitably involves preferences among a large number of components.Since different user groups will have different preferences, so will their perceptions of the quality of these components be different Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - Tracking Stock Exchange Index with considering the limitation of loss aversion with using the new approach of Big Bang - Big Crunch
Maqsoud Amiri Shayan Karamy Alireza Nasser pourOne of the causes of underdevelopment stock in developing countries such as Iran is inadequate growth of decision-making tools for the investors, especially beginners. Therefore, in this study an index tracking model with regard to loss aversion limitation and restricti MoreOne of the causes of underdevelopment stock in developing countries such as Iran is inadequate growth of decision-making tools for the investors, especially beginners. Therefore, in this study an index tracking model with regard to loss aversion limitation and restriction of Integer constraints on selected assets, to create an index tracker basket (portfolio) has been applied. The key difference of this study to other similar national researches is in considering of loss aversion, this means that the influences which investors accepted from positive and negative fluctuations in their own portfolio’s output, has not the same utility and hence their impact on investment model is not equivalent. The space of the solution of this problem is discrete and non-convex, so common numerical methods for solving this problem are not usable. Other innovations from this research, the use of the Bing bang - Big Crunch algorithm as a new meta-heuristic algorithms for the solution and it’s comparison with differential evolution algorithm with using of stock’s daily price data available on the Dow Jones index from 2000 to 2006. The obtained results indicate good performance of the algorithm of the Big Bang-Big Crunch toward differential evolution algorithm according to performance criteria. Then this algorithm has been used for Index tracking of 30 largest companies in Tehran Stock Exchange from (2012-2014) 1391 to 1393 A.H.S that the result of it was achieving to an efficient portfolio and a risk equivalent to index of 30 companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - Causes increased past maturity and delayed debt real customers bank mellat branches of Tehran
Hosein Safarzadeh Mohammadhasan Ebrahimi Sarvolia Abdol Rasul Karimi Yazdi Since the delayed demand result in sources loss,Blocking the sources Of markazi bank , loss cush , profit , rate of cash flowing , and totally decrease the power of the competition of the bank. So it shows the importance of delayed demands. and the del More Since the delayed demand result in sources loss,Blocking the sources Of markazi bank , loss cush , profit , rate of cash flowing , and totally decrease the power of the competition of the bank. So it shows the importance of delayed demands. and the delayed demand directly or indirectly offect on profit . and the profit of markazi bank has a direct effect on the share market. because of the importance this study is about identifing the causes rising in the delayed demand (debt).the static sample in this study is all of the Tehran branches and is about 250 people from the mangers , experts , credit clerks of the mellat bank in tehran branches. The casuses of the rising in delayed debt is categorized in tree groups ,quantity information , quality information analysed and the actions of mangers and clerks . and by testing the z or t samples with statistic soft ware and finally the results categorized with fredman test . the results show that , the customer quality information the action of mangers , and clerks , the quantity information of the customers effect on vising the delayed debt respectivly. In other word , customers quality in formation has high and quantity informqtion has low effect on creating delayed debt and among secondry variables and the value of security (quality variable) has high importance , and among the credit policy (the variable of clerks and mangers)has low importance so the aftention of the clerks to the quality information of the customers has high importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - Valuation of Valuable Decisions of parent Company on its Subsidiaries
Payam Hanafizadeh Mina ZzareiThe need for the parent company identifies by impacts and valuable decisions and strategies of parent company to meet stakeholder expectations subsidiary businesses. if the parent company’s strategies and decisions led to an increase in cash flow, expected growth MoreThe need for the parent company identifies by impacts and valuable decisions and strategies of parent company to meet stakeholder expectations subsidiary businesses. if the parent company’s strategies and decisions led to an increase in cash flow, expected growth rate, duration of growth or reduce the cost of capital, they create value in its subsidiary businesses. In this study, we consider the parent company's strategies and decisions as an intangible asset and by using valuation approaches offer process that could measure the value creation of valuable decisions and strategies of parent company at its subsidiaries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - Application of Geometric Brownian motion in prediction of gold price and currency rate
Hojjatollah Sadeqi Mohammadesmaeil Fadaeinejad Alireza VarzidehVariables such as exchange rates and gold prices has a great importance for economic actors therefore the aim of this study were determined as prediction of U.S Dollar exchange rate and gold coin price in Iran Market. Forecasting has been done by Geometric Brownian Moti MoreVariables such as exchange rates and gold prices has a great importance for economic actors therefore the aim of this study were determined as prediction of U.S Dollar exchange rate and gold coin price in Iran Market. Forecasting has been done by Geometric Brownian Motion model that is considered as one of the stochastic differential equations. Data were collected and analyzed in the period from the beginning of 1392 until the end of 1395. also forecasting prices for each under study time series has been done in various forecasting horizons involved 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, 90, 180 and 360 day time period. The results show that Geometric Brownian Motion model can simulate the prices of gold coin and exchange rate highly accurate in accordance with the criteria of mean absolute percentage error. Also The other results obtained from this study is that According to ten different prediction accuracy criteria, By increasing the forecast horizon, ability of the GBM model in simulation and forecasting exchange rates and the price of gold coin decreases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - Investigating the Power of Explaining Spectral, Coherent, Deviation and Artificial Neural Networks risk criterias and Their Application in Selecting the Optimal Investment Basket in Tehran Stock Exchange
Hamidreza Katebi Ghlamreza ZomrodianThe purpose of the present study was to compare the efficiency of neural network models and available criteria in risk criteria in optimal portfolio formation. At first, time series data related to the return rate of different companies were collected from the databases MoreThe purpose of the present study was to compare the efficiency of neural network models and available criteria in risk criteria in optimal portfolio formation. At first, time series data related to the return rate of different companies were collected from the databases of the Securities and Exchange Organization of Iran since 2008-2017, and analyzed in the framework of neural network models and Spectral, Deviation and Coherent risk measures by using Kupiec, Christofferssen and Lopez test. The results of the Kupiec and Christofferssen test for neural network models and CVaR, showed that the LR test statistic for the whole group of investigated companies was larger than the critical value. Based on this, it was concluded that the performance of neural network models and CVaR criteria can be acceptable for the entire group of companies at a significant level of 5% and the LR test statistic is lower than the critical value for SE criteria for the whole group of investigated companies. This suggests that SE's performance is not acceptable to all companies at a significant level of 5%. On the other hand, based on the results of Kupiec and Christofferssen test for VaR, the LR test statistic for the six groups of companies was larger and for the four was smaller than the critical value. Therefore, we can say that in artificial neural network models, the average number of violations or the state of exception in the level of 5% were less than the spectral, deviation and coherent risk measures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - A Numerical Method for Solving Fuzzy Differential Equations With Fractional Order
N. Ahmady -
Open Access Article
180 - Extended Aartificial Neural Networks Approach and Fractional Volterra Integro-Differential Equations
احمد جعفریان رحیم صانعی فرد -
Open Access Article
181 - حل مسائل مقدار اولیه کوشی – اویلر فازی مرتبه دوم تحت مشتق پذیری توسعه یافته
مهران چهلابیدر این مقاله، ما یک کلاس از مسائل مقداراولیه فازی مرتبه دوم که در حالت معمول، به معادلات دیفرانسیل کوشی-اویلر معروف هستند، را مطالعه می کنیم. این کار با مطالعه کردن ساختار تابع جواب در حالت معمول و فراهم کردن فضایی مطلوب از توابع مشتق پذیر توسعه یافته، آغاز می شود. در ا Moreدر این مقاله، ما یک کلاس از مسائل مقداراولیه فازی مرتبه دوم که در حالت معمول، به معادلات دیفرانسیل کوشی-اویلر معروف هستند، را مطالعه می کنیم. این کار با مطالعه کردن ساختار تابع جواب در حالت معمول و فراهم کردن فضایی مطلوب از توابع مشتق پذیر توسعه یافته، آغاز می شود. در ادامه، فرایند تولید و ساخت فرمول های جواب همراه با جزئیات بحث شده است. در نهایت، بوسیله حل چند مثال، فرمول های یافت شده، مورد استفاده قرار گرفته و تشریح شده اند. Manuscript profile -
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182 - An Efficient Numerical Algorithm For Solving Linear Differential Equations of Arbitrary Order And Coefficients
S. Hatamzadeh-Varmazyar Z. Masouri -
Open Access Article
183 - A Fuzzy Power Series Method for Solving Fuzzy Differential Equations With Fractional Order
E. Ahmady -
Open Access Article
184 - The Combined Reproducing Kernel Method and Taylor Series for Handling Fractional Differential Equations
A. Alvandi M. Paripour -
Open Access Article
185 - A Class of High Pass Filters Derived From Elliptic Differential Operators
K. Dabighi A. Nazari S. Saryazdi V. Momenaei -
Open Access Article
186 - حل معادلات دیفرانسیل ماتریسی خطی مرتبه اول با استفاده از رویکرد ماتریس برنشتاین
زهرا لرکوجوری ناصر میکائیل وند اسماعیل بابلیاندر این مقاله از یک چارچوب جدید برای حل یک رده از معادلات دیفرانسیل ماتریسی خطی استفاده شده است. برای انجام این کار، ماتریس عملیاتی مشتق مبتنی بر چند جمله ای برنشتاین انتقال یافته همراه با روش همبستگی برای کاهش مسئله اصلی به دستگاه معادلات ماتریس خطی مورد بهره برداری قرا Moreدر این مقاله از یک چارچوب جدید برای حل یک رده از معادلات دیفرانسیل ماتریسی خطی استفاده شده است. برای انجام این کار، ماتریس عملیاتی مشتق مبتنی بر چند جمله ای برنشتاین انتقال یافته همراه با روش همبستگی برای کاهش مسئله اصلی به دستگاه معادلات ماتریس خطی مورد بهره برداری قرار می گیرد. تخمین خطای این روش ارائه شده است. آزمایش­های عددی برای نمایش کاربرد و کارایی روش ارائه شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - A Numerical Method For Solving Physiology Problems By Shifted Chebyshev Operational Matrix
E. Hashemizadeh F. Mahmoodi -
Open Access Article
188 - Application of Laguerre Polynomials for Solving Infinite Boundary Integro-Differential Equations
A. Riahifar M. Matinfar -
Open Access Article
189 - A Recurrent Neural Network for Solving Strictly Convex Quadratic Programming Problems
A. Ghomashi M. Abbasi -
Open Access Article
190 - The Use of Fuzzy Variational Iteration Method For Solving Second-Order Fuzzy Abel-Volterra Integro-Differential Equations
S. Sadigh Behzadi -
Open Access Article
191 - Bernstein Multi-Scaling Operational Matrix Method for Nonlinear Matrix Differential Models of Second-Order
M. Mohamadi E. Babolian S. A. Yousefi -
Open Access Article
192 - Nonlinear Fuzzy Volterra Integro-differential Equation of N-th Order: Analytic Solution and Existence and Uniqueness of Solution
L. Hooshangian -
Open Access Article
193 - MDH Flow Past a Vertical Rotating Plate with Chemical Reaction and Mass Diffusion in the Presence of Hall Current
Neetu Kanaujia‎ U S Rajput -
Open Access Article
194 - وجود جوابهای ضعیف برای یک سیستم مقدار مرزی فراکشنالی نیمه-خطی ولترا – فردهلم
الیاس شیوانیاناین مقاله به مطالعه جوابهای های ضعیف یک رده از سیستم غیر خطی از مسایل مقدار مرزی کسری شامل ترم های انتگرال خطی ولترا و فردهلم می پردازد. این سیستم معادلات انتگرال-دیفرانسیل نیمه خطی کسری ولترا-فردهلم همچنین دارای یک ترم گرادیان از یک جمله غیر خطی هست. ما تئوری نقطه بحرا Moreاین مقاله به مطالعه جوابهای های ضعیف یک رده از سیستم غیر خطی از مسایل مقدار مرزی کسری شامل ترم های انتگرال خطی ولترا و فردهلم می پردازد. این سیستم معادلات انتگرال-دیفرانسیل نیمه خطی کسری ولترا-فردهلم همچنین دارای یک ترم گرادیان از یک جمله غیر خطی هست. ما تئوری نقطه بحرانی و ساختار تغییراتی را برای اثبات وجود حداقل سه جواب ضعیف مجزا برای سیستم اعمال می کنیم. برای این منظور، ما از قضیه معروفی درباره ساخت مجموعه نقاط بحرانی از تابعکها با شرط فشردگی ضعیف بهره می بریم. علاوه بر این، مثالی برای تأیید آنالیز و کاربرد نظریه ارائه شده، آورده شده است. Manuscript profile -
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195 - بزرگنمایی اپراتورهای یکنواخت انتزاعی تعیین شده توسط توابع نمایندگی
حسن اسحاقی کناری امان الله اسدی محمدرضا میریدر این مقاله ، ما یک افزایش جدید زیر دیفرانسیل انتزاعی برای هر عملکرد IPH را مطالعه می کنیم. ما می دانیم که ϵ-انتزاعی زیر دیفرانسیل از هر تابع IPH بزرگ شدن خلاصه ای از آن زیر دیفرانسیل و هر نقطه از نمودار ε-انتزاعی است. زیر دیفرانسیل را می توان با استفاده از نقط Moreدر این مقاله ، ما یک افزایش جدید زیر دیفرانسیل انتزاعی برای هر عملکرد IPH را مطالعه می کنیم. ما می دانیم که ϵ-انتزاعی زیر دیفرانسیل از هر تابع IPH بزرگ شدن خلاصه ای از آن زیر دیفرانسیل و هر نقطه از نمودار ε-انتزاعی است. زیر دیفرانسیل را می توان با استفاده از نقط تقسیم زیر دیفرانسیل به نقطه تقریبی تبدیل کرد. این ویژگی خوب ، به غیر از اهمیت نظری آن ، امکان استفاده از بزرگنمایی دیفرانسیل زیر انتزاعی را نیز در محلولهای تقریبی اجزاء تعیین شده توسط تفاوتهای فرعی انتزاعی فراهم می آورد. ما یک پیشرفت جدید را مشاهده نمی کنیم و در مورد زیر دیفرانسیل انتزاعی ، رابطه بین این بزرگنمایی جدید و زیر دیفرانسیل ϵ-انتزاعی را مشاهده می کنیم. Manuscript profile -
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196 - کنترل بازخورد بهینه معادلات انتگرو-دیفرانسیل شبه خطی کسری در فضاهای باناخ
سهراب ولی زاده عبدالله برهانی فر محمد رضا عبدالله پوراخیرا، پیشرفت قابل توجهی در وجود جوابهای خفیف معادلات انتگرو-دیفرانسیل شبه خطی کسری صورت گرفته است ولی کنترل بهینه ارائه نشده است. هدف این مقاله، بررسی کنترل بازخورد بهینه معادلات انتگرو-دیفرانسیل شبه خطی کسری در یک فضای دلخواه باناخ مجهز به عملگرهای نیم گروه فشرده گستر Moreاخیرا، پیشرفت قابل توجهی در وجود جوابهای خفیف معادلات انتگرو-دیفرانسیل شبه خطی کسری صورت گرفته است ولی کنترل بهینه ارائه نشده است. هدف این مقاله، بررسی کنترل بازخورد بهینه معادلات انتگرو-دیفرانسیل شبه خطی کسری در یک فضای دلخواه باناخ مجهز به عملگرهای نیم گروه فشرده گسترش یافته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Contrast of Homotopy and Adomian Decomposition Methods with Mittage-Leffler Function for Solving Some Nonlinear Fractional Partial Differential Equations
M. Jahanshahi H. Kazemi demneh -
Open Access Article
198 - حل معادلات انتگرال ولترای نوع دوم با هسته پیچشی
محمد صادق باریکبین علیرضا وحیدی طیبه دمیرچلیدر این مقاله، یک روش تقریبی برای حل معادلات انتگرال ولترای نوع دوم ارائه می­دهیم. این روش بر مبنای روش بسط تیلوری است که مالک نژاد و آقازاده برای بدست آوردن جواب تقریبی معادلات انتگرال ولترای نوع دوم با هسته پیچشی و مالک نژاد و دمرچلی جهت یافتن جواب تقریبی دستگاه مع Moreدر این مقاله، یک روش تقریبی برای حل معادلات انتگرال ولترای نوع دوم ارائه می­دهیم. این روش بر مبنای روش بسط تیلوری است که مالک نژاد و آقازاده برای بدست آوردن جواب تقریبی معادلات انتگرال ولترای نوع دوم با هسته پیچشی و مالک نژاد و دمرچلی جهت یافتن جواب تقریبی دستگاه معادلات انتگرال ولترای نوع دوم به کار بسته­اند. روش بسط تیلور، معادله انتگرال را به یک دستگاه معادلات دیفرانسیل معمولی خطی تبدیل می­کند که در این حالت شرایط مرزی مشخص مورد نیاز است. شرایط مرزی می­تواند با استفاده از تکنیک انتگرالگیری به جای تکنیک مشتقگیری بدست آید. روش ارائه شده پایدارتر از روش مشتقگیری است و می­تواند جهت یافتن جواب تقریبی معادله انتگرال ولترا با هسته­های هموار و منفرد ضعیف استفاده شود. تحلیل خطای روش نیز ارائه شده است. مقایسه بین نتایج بدست آمده ما و نتایج قبلی نشان می­دهد که روش پیشنهادی دقیق­تر و پایدارتر است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - یک روش مستقیم برای حل معادلات دیفرانسیل تاخیری خطی
E. Zeynal E. Babolian T. Damercheliدر این مقاله، روشهای مستقیم برای حل معادلات دیفرانسیل تاخیری خطی براساس شکل برداری توابع بلاک پالس و توابع مثلثی پیشنهاد شده است. سپس از ماتریس عملیاتی انتگرال گیری توابع بلاک پالس و توابع مثلثی، برای تبدیل معادلات دیفرانسیل تاخیری خطی به یک دستگاه معادلات جبری اس Moreدر این مقاله، روشهای مستقیم برای حل معادلات دیفرانسیل تاخیری خطی براساس شکل برداری توابع بلاک پالس و توابع مثلثی پیشنهاد شده است. سپس از ماتریس عملیاتی انتگرال گیری توابع بلاک پالس و توابع مثلثی، برای تبدیل معادلات دیفرانسیل تاخیری خطی به یک دستگاه معادلات جبری استفاده شده است. بعلاوه برای نشان دادن قابلیت و دقت این روش ها چند مثال ارائه شده است. همچنین تجزیه و تحلیل همگرایی این روش ها بحث شده است. Manuscript profile -
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200 - یک روش عددی برای حل معادله دیفرانسیل ضربه فازی براساس روشهای فازی
محدثه دیرباز سعید عباسبندیدر این مقاله، ابتدا روش درونیابی تفضلات تقسیم شدهی نیوتن بر اساس تفاضلات تقسیمشدهی هاکوهارا، برای دادههای فازی معرفی میشود. سپس روشهای عددی اویلر فازی و اویلر بهبودیافته فازی برای حل مسئله مقدار اولیه ضربه فازی به کار میروند. بهعلاوه، الگوریتم برای حل مسئله مق Moreدر این مقاله، ابتدا روش درونیابی تفضلات تقسیم شدهی نیوتن بر اساس تفاضلات تقسیمشدهی هاکوهارا، برای دادههای فازی معرفی میشود. سپس روشهای عددی اویلر فازی و اویلر بهبودیافته فازی برای حل مسئله مقدار اولیه ضربه فازی به کار میروند. بهعلاوه، الگوریتم برای حل مسئله مقدار اولیه ضربه فازی توضیح داده میشود و خطای قطع شدهی موضعی آنها با جزئیات محاسبه میشود. در نهایت، برای نشان دادن کارآمدی روش چند مثال عددی حل میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - مطالعه ای در مورد راه حل های تحلیلی معادله دیفرانسیل با مشتقات جزئی
راضیه قاسمی مقدم سعید عباسبندی محسن رستمی مال خلیفهدر مقاله حاضر، با در نظر گرفتن مشتق تعمیمیافته هاکوهارا، جوابهای موجی سفری فازی را برای معادله حملونقل خطی فازی و معادله موج فازی به دست میآوریم. فرمولهای دالامبر برای معادله موج فازی با در نظر گرفتن نوعی gh- مشتقپذیری جواب، حاصل میگردد. همچنین، وجود و یکتایی این Moreدر مقاله حاضر، با در نظر گرفتن مشتق تعمیمیافته هاکوهارا، جوابهای موجی سفری فازی را برای معادله حملونقل خطی فازی و معادله موج فازی به دست میآوریم. فرمولهای دالامبر برای معادله موج فازی با در نظر گرفتن نوعی gh- مشتقپذیری جواب، حاصل میگردد. همچنین، وجود و یکتایی این جوابها و پایداری معادله موج نشان دادهشده است. بعلاوه، چندین مثال جهت توضیح تکنیک حل میگردد. Manuscript profile -
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202 - عملگرهای ترکیبی مشتق پذیر وزن دار از فضاهای برگمن وزن دار با وزن های پذیرفتنی به فضاهای از نوع بلاخ
شایسته رضاییفرض کنید خودنگاشتی تحلیلی روی قرص واحد در صفحه مختلط ، یک عدد صحیح نامنفی و تابعی تحلیلی روی باشد. در این صورت برای تابع تحلیلی روی عملگر ترکیبی مشتق پذیر وزن دار به صورت تعریف می شود که . در این مقاله، کرانداری و فشردگی از فضاه Moreفرض کنید خودنگاشتی تحلیلی روی قرص واحد در صفحه مختلط ، یک عدد صحیح نامنفی و تابعی تحلیلی روی باشد. در این صورت برای تابع تحلیلی روی عملگر ترکیبی مشتق پذیر وزن دار به صورت تعریف می شود که . در این مقاله، کرانداری و فشردگی از فضاهای برگمن وزن دار با وزن های پذیرفتنی به فضاهای از نوع بلاخ را بررسی می کنیم. Manuscript profile -
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203 - یک تجزیه جدید از کارایی هزینه بر اساس مجموعه های امکان تولید قیمتی و هزینه ای در فضای غیررقابتی در تحلیل پوششی داده ها
رضا فلاح نژاد الهام رضایی حزاوهشناسایی منابع مختلف ناکارایی، نقش مهمی در تحلیل عملکرد با هدف توسعه برنامههایی برای بهبود تصمیمگیری ایفا میکند. در این راستا نه تنها کارایی فنی، هزینه ای و تخصیصی را می توان با اطلاعات ورودی ها و خروجی ها و قیمت آنها تخمین زد، بلکه می توان زیان های ناشی از عدم سود، د Moreشناسایی منابع مختلف ناکارایی، نقش مهمی در تحلیل عملکرد با هدف توسعه برنامههایی برای بهبود تصمیمگیری ایفا میکند. در این راستا نه تنها کارایی فنی، هزینه ای و تخصیصی را می توان با اطلاعات ورودی ها و خروجی ها و قیمت آنها تخمین زد، بلکه می توان زیان های ناشی از عدم سود، درآمد و هزینه بهینه را نیز بر اساس ناکارای های مربوطه محاسبه کرد. مقاله حاضر قصد دارد تخمین جدیدی از کارایی هزینه و منابع تلفات در کارایی کل در یک محیط غیر رقابتی که امکان تغییر قیمت ورودی ها و خروجی ها از یک واحد تصمیم گیری وجود دارد، را ارائه دهد. در راستای مطالعات(Tone. K., Tsutsui, M. "Decomposition of Cost Efficiency and its Application to Japanese-Us Electric Utility Comparisons". Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 47 (2007), pp.91-106)و(Tone .K, "A Strange Case of the Cost and Allocative Efficiencies in DEA". Journal of the Operational Research Society 53, (2002), pp.1225-1231)مطالعه حاضر به دنبال معرفی منابع جدید ناکارایی و زیان های مرتبط با آنها توسط ارائه مجموعه های امکان تولید جدید مبتنی بر قیمت و هزینه می باشد. Manuscript profile -
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204 - روش عددی صریح برای سیستمهای دینامیک غیرموضعی با تأخیردر زمان بر پایه درونیابی اسپلاین مربعی
حسن پنج مینی بهروز پارسا مقدم الهام هاشمی زادهدر این مقاله، روشی صریح برای حل عددی معادلات دیفرانسیل غیرموضعی با تأخیر در زمان ارائه و مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. در روش ارائه شده، درونیابی اسپلاین مربعی بکار گرفته شده است و خطای روش ارائه شده آنالیز گردیده است. کارایی و اعتبار روش پیشنهادی در مدلهای آیکدا و هاتچینسو Moreدر این مقاله، روشی صریح برای حل عددی معادلات دیفرانسیل غیرموضعی با تأخیر در زمان ارائه و مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. در روش ارائه شده، درونیابی اسپلاین مربعی بکار گرفته شده است و خطای روش ارائه شده آنالیز گردیده است. کارایی و اعتبار روش پیشنهادی در مدلهای آیکدا و هاتچینسون غیرموضعی تأخیری با استناد مفاهیم خطا و همگرایی روشهای عددی به ازای مقادیر مختلف پارامترهای مرتبه کسری نمایان شده است. Manuscript profile -
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205 - Application of Variational Calculus to Integrability of Differential Equations with Physical Applications
Mehmet Pakdemirli -
Open Access Article
206 - Vibration Analysis of a Current-Carrying Wire in a Magnetic Field Apllying Variational Iteration Method
M. HosseiniIn the present investigation, Variational Iteration Method (VIM) is applied to solve the dynamic oscillation of a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field which is generated by a fixed current-carrying conductor parallel to the wire. Two linear springs are considered t MoreIn the present investigation, Variational Iteration Method (VIM) is applied to solve the dynamic oscillation of a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field which is generated by a fixed current-carrying conductor parallel to the wire. Two linear springs are considered to restrict the wire to a rigid wall. In a special case, the periodic solution of the problem is obtained by VIM and compared with numerical solutions for different parameters. Results indicate high accuracy of this method which can be easily extended to solve other non-linear vibration equations, therefore can be applicable in other engineering problems. Manuscript profile -
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207 - جواب عددی از معادلات دیفرانسیل فازی هیبریدی مرتبه دوم با دیفرانسیل پذیری تعمیم یافته
نیره شهریاری سعید عباسبندیدر این مقاله، یک روش عددی برای حل معادلات دیفرانسیل فازی هیبریدی مرتبه دوم با استفاده از بسط تیلور فازی تحت دیفرانسیل پذیری تعمیم یافته هاکوهارا و همچنین قضیه همگرایی ارائه شده است. همچنین کاربرد روش با حل چندین مثال عددی نشان داده شده است. نتایج نهایی نشان دهنده& Moreدر این مقاله، یک روش عددی برای حل معادلات دیفرانسیل فازی هیبریدی مرتبه دوم با استفاده از بسط تیلور فازی تحت دیفرانسیل پذیری تعمیم یافته هاکوهارا و همچنین قضیه همگرایی ارائه شده است. همچنین کاربرد روش با حل چندین مثال عددی نشان داده شده است. نتایج نهایی نشان دهنده جواب معادلات دیفرانسیل فازی هیبریدی مرتبه دوم است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - یک روش عددی سریع براساس توابع ترکیبی تیلور و بلاک پالس برای حل معادلات دیفراسیل تاخیری
مهدی ابلاغی علیرضا وحیدی اسماعیل بابلیاندر این مقاله، یک روش عددی سریع برای یافتن جواب معادلات دیفرانسیل تأخیری غیر خطی با استفاده از توابع ترکیبی چند جمله های تیلور و بلاک پالس پیشنهاد شده است. در ابتدا، برخی از ویژگیهای توابع ترکیبی بلاک پالس و چند جمله های تیلور در فاصله (0,1] معرفی می شوند. در این روش طیف Moreدر این مقاله، یک روش عددی سریع برای یافتن جواب معادلات دیفرانسیل تأخیری غیر خطی با استفاده از توابع ترکیبی چند جمله های تیلور و بلاک پالس پیشنهاد شده است. در ابتدا، برخی از ویژگیهای توابع ترکیبی بلاک پالس و چند جمله های تیلور در فاصله (0,1] معرفی می شوند. در این روش طیفی، ماتریس های عملیاتی مشتق، انتگرال و ضرایب ماتریس محاسبه و استفاده می شوند. بر اساس این توابع قطعه ای ، معادلات دیفرانسیل تاخیری را به دستگاه معادلات جبری خطی یا غیر خطی تبدیل می کنیم. همچنین، آنالیز و تحلیل خطا برای روش نیز ارائه شده است. در انتها ، مثالهای عددی نشان می دهند روش پیشنهادی جدید در مقایسه با سایر روشهای دیگر از دقت و کارایی بالایی برخوردار است. Manuscript profile -
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209 - یک روش ماتریس-عملیاتی ژاکوبی انتقال یافته جدید برای حل معادله دیفرانسیل مرتبه متغیر کسری غیرخطی با تاخیرهای متناسب
حمید خدابنده لو الیاس شیوانیان سعید عباسبندیدر این کار، معادله دیفرانسیل مرتبه متغیر کسری چند جمله ای غیرخطی تعمیم یافته با تاخیرهای متناسب ارائه می شود. یک تکنیک ماتریس عملیاتی ژاکوبی جدید برای حل یک رده از این معادلات معرفی می شود، به طوری که مساله اصلی تبدیل به سیستم معادلات جبری می شود که می توانیم آن را به ص Moreدر این کار، معادله دیفرانسیل مرتبه متغیر کسری چند جمله ای غیرخطی تعمیم یافته با تاخیرهای متناسب ارائه می شود. یک تکنیک ماتریس عملیاتی ژاکوبی جدید برای حل یک رده از این معادلات معرفی می شود، به طوری که مساله اصلی تبدیل به سیستم معادلات جبری می شود که می توانیم آن را به صورت عددی حل کنیم. تکنیک پیشنهادی با موفقیت برای مساله فوق الذکر توسعه یافته است. تست های عددی جامعی برای نشان دادن کلیت، کارایی، دقت روش ارائه شده و انعطاف پذیری این تکنیک بررسی و تایید می گردد. آزمایشهای عددی آن را با روشهای موجود دیگر مانند روش بازتولید هسته هیلبرت (RKHSM) مقایسه می کنیم. مقایسه نتایج این روش ها و همچنین مقایسه روش فعلی (NSJOM) با جواب واقعی، نشان دهنده اعتبار و کارایی این تکنیک است. بررسی ها نشان می دهد که اجرای این روش آسان است و این تکنیک به عنوان تعمیم بسیاری از روشهای عددی در نظر گرفته می شود. علاوه بر این، خطا و کران آن برآورد می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - یک روش تکراری جدید برای حل معادلات انتگرال دیفرانسیل ولترا-فردهولم
احمد جعفریانمعادلات انتگرال دیفرانسیل دارای کاربردهای بسیار وسیعی در زمینه های مختلف علمی از جمله فیزیک وبیولوزی دارند. در این مقاله یک روش تکرار شونده جدیدبرای حل معادلات انتگرال دیفرانسیل ولترا-فردهولم برای اولین بار ارایه می شود. روش با جزییات توضیح داده خواهد شد و با حل چند مثا Moreمعادلات انتگرال دیفرانسیل دارای کاربردهای بسیار وسیعی در زمینه های مختلف علمی از جمله فیزیک وبیولوزی دارند. در این مقاله یک روش تکرار شونده جدیدبرای حل معادلات انتگرال دیفرانسیل ولترا-فردهولم برای اولین بار ارایه می شود. روش با جزییات توضیح داده خواهد شد و با حل چند مثال کارایی آن بررسی می شود. روش تکراری جدید به مانند یک فرمول بازگشتی عمل می کند. برای نشان دادن کارایی روش نتایج حل مسایل با جواب دقیق مقایسه می شود. نتایج به دست آمده از کارایی روش ما حکایت دارد. Manuscript profile -
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211 - شبیه سازی عددی معادلات تلگراف هذلولی با استفاده از یک روش بهبودیافته روی توابع B- اسپلاین مکعبی نمایی
احمدرضا حقیقی فروزان رحیمیان نسیم عسگری M. Roohiدر این مقاله استفاده از روش مربع ساز دیفرانسیل، برای تعیین جوابهای عددی معادلات تلگراف دو بعدی و سه بعدی با شرایط مرزی دیریکله و نیومن، پیشنهاد شده است.در این روش منحنی های بی اسپلاین مکعبی نمایی مورد استفاده قرار میگیرند. در نتیجه در روش Moreدر این مقاله استفاده از روش مربع ساز دیفرانسیل، برای تعیین جوابهای عددی معادلات تلگراف دو بعدی و سه بعدی با شرایط مرزی دیریکله و نیومن، پیشنهاد شده است.در این روش منحنی های بی اسپلاین مکعبی نمایی مورد استفاده قرار میگیرند. در نتیجه در روش (مربع ساز دیفرانسیل ) مذکور از یک ضریب مقیاس بندی براساس بی- اسپلاین های مکعبی نمایی استفاده شده است. بنابراین معادلهی تلگراف هذلولوی با استفاده از دستگاهی از معادلات دیفرانسیل معمولی نمایش داده می شود. و برای حل دستگاه معادلات دیفرانسیل حاصل، الگوریتم رانگ-کوتا مرتبهی سوم طی چهارگام به منظور حفظ پایداری سیستم ارایه شده است. درستی و کارایی روش مورد استفاده نیز روی 4 مثال از معادلهی تلگراف مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. Manuscript profile -
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212 - Simulating Exchange Rate Volatility in Iran Using Stochastic Differential Equations
P. Fakhraiepour‎ P. Nabati R. Taghizadeh -
Open Access Article
213 - Numerical solution of nonlinear fractional Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations with mixed boundary conditions
D.‎‎ Nazari ‎Susahab‎ M. Jahanshahi -
Open Access Article
214 - Solution of fuzzy differential equations
M. Otadi M. Mosleh -
Open Access Article
215 - Approximate Solution of Fuzzy Fractional Differential Equations
A. Panahi -
Open Access Article
216 - Application of iterative method for solving fuzzy Bernoulli equation under generalized H-differentiability
Sh. Sadigh Behzadi -
Open Access Article
217 - Numerical solution of hybrid fuzzy differential equations by fuzzy neural network
M. Othadi M. Mosleh -
Open Access Article
218 - A Piecewise Approximate Method for Solving Second Order Fuzzy Differential Equations Under Generalized Differentiability
E. Ahmady N. Ahmady -
Open Access Article
219 - On solving ordinary differential equations of the first order by updating the Lagrange multiplier in variational iteration method
SH. Javadi -
Open Access Article
220 - Existence and Uniqueness Results for a Nonstandard Variational-Hemivariational Inequalities with Application
‎Ayed E. ‎‎Hashoosh‎ M. Alimohammady‎ -
Open Access Article
221 - Study on usage of Elzaki transform for the ordinary differential equations with non-constant coefficients
M. Eslaminasab S. Abbasbandy -
Open Access Article
222 - On Fuzzy Solution for Exact Second Order Fuzzy Differential Equation
A. Armand Z. Gouyandeh -
Open Access Article
223 - Numerical solution of fuzzy differential equations under generalized differentiability by fuzzy neural network
M. Mosleh -
Open Access Article
224 - Effect of Hall Current and Wall Conductance on Hydromagnetic Natural Convective Flow Between Vertical Walls
D. ‎Kumar‎ A. K. Singh‎ Mr. Sarveshanand‎ -
Open Access Article
225 - Generalized H-differentiability for solving second order linear fuzzy differential equations
P. Darabi S. Moloudzadeh‎ H. Khandani‎ -
Open Access Article
226 - Some traveling wave solutions of soliton family
S. Dhawan S. Kumar -
Open Access Article
227 - Computational technique of linear partial differential equations by reduced differential transform method
H. ‎Rouhparvar‎ -
Open Access Article
228 - Partial Differential Equations applied to Medical Image Segmentation
B. Bagheri R. Ezzati -
Open Access Article
229 - Numerical Solution of Fredholm Integro-differential Equations By Using Hybrid Function Operational Matrix of Differentiation
R. Jafri R. Ezzati K. ‎Maleknejad‎ -
Open Access Article
230 - حل سیستم های دوتایی معادلات انتگرال دیفرانسیل کسری به وسیله موجک های تیلور
راضیه کاوه سرچقا رضا عزتی نسرین کرمی کبیر فرج الله محمدی یعقوبیدر این مقاله ، یک روش جدید مبتنی بر موجک های تیلور را برای حل سیستم های دوتایی کسری معادلات انتگرال دیفرانسیل ارائه می دهیم. برای انجام این کار، ابتدا تقریب تابع به کمک موجک های تیلور و نیز ماتریس عملیاتی انتگرال کسری این موجک ها را ارائه می دهیم. سپس Moreدر این مقاله ، یک روش جدید مبتنی بر موجک های تیلور را برای حل سیستم های دوتایی کسری معادلات انتگرال دیفرانسیل ارائه می دهیم. برای انجام این کار، ابتدا تقریب تابع به کمک موجک های تیلور و نیز ماتریس عملیاتی انتگرال کسری این موجک ها را ارائه می دهیم. سپس با تقریب مشتقات کسری جوابهای مسئله اصلی با جملات موجک های تیلور و با استفاده از ماتریس عملیاتی انتگرال کسری ، جواب های مسئله اصلی را تقریبی می زنیم. با جایگزین کردن این تقریبها در FIDEs ، یک سیستم معادلات جبری غیرخطی به دست می آوریم. سرانجام ، با کمک روش پیشنهادی ، چند نمونه عددی را حل می کنیم و صحت و کاربرد روش را نشان می دهیم. Manuscript profile -
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231 - Unsteady MHD Couette-Hartmann flow through a porous medium bounded by porous plates with Hall current, ion-slip and Coriolis effects
J. K. Singh‎‎ S. Ghousia ‎Begum‎ N. Joshi‎‎ -
Open Access Article
232 - Modified homotopy perturbation method for solving non-linear oscillator's equations
A. R. Vahidi Z. Azimzadeh M. Shahrestani‎ -
Open Access Article
233 - Laboratory Study of Hydraulic Characteristics of Density Current with Phase Space Theory Analysis
Mohammad Hosseini Mohammad ShabaniIntroduction: Density currents are created due to the entry of a heavier fluid into a lighter fluid due to the acceleration of the earth's gravity. Density current is non-linear in nature and is sensitive to initial conditions. The time evolution of the dense flow is ex MoreIntroduction: Density currents are created due to the entry of a heavier fluid into a lighter fluid due to the acceleration of the earth's gravity. Density current is non-linear in nature and is sensitive to initial conditions. The time evolution of the dense flow is expressed using trajectory lines in the phase space. The purpose of this research is to extract information hidden inside the system using the phase space theory regarding the evolution of the dense flow with changes in the hydraulic parameters of the dense flow input, so that the nature of the system and the formed pattern of the dense flow can be expressed in the bed of time. Materials and Methods: Density current was conducted with 28 different tests in a laboratory flume with a length of 8 m, a width of 35 cm and a height of 60 cm by changing the slope, concentration and inlet flow rate. In order to describe the system, using the phase space theory, the time signal was transmitted as an object in space, and the analysis in space replaced the analysis in time. Results and Discussion: With the increase of the slope, the data concentration is drawn on the semi-conductor and moves from top to bottom. When the inlet flow rate is 50 l/min, the concentration of the speed data is in the range of 2 cm/s to 4.5 cm/s, and it has taken on an absorbing state, and more chaos is seen in it. By changing the density from 1005 kg/m3 to 1010 kg/m3, the absorption of flow lines is reduced and the trajectories in the phase space diagram are more open and have more maxima. Conclusion: By increasing the slope from 1% to 3%, when the flume is without narrowing, its absorber is reduced and in fact it takes more time to reach the equilibrium and evolution of the phenomenon, but due to continuous or local narrowing, becomes more absorbent. In general, with the increase of the slope, the evolution of the flow occurs earlier. The system begins to saturate in the surrounding dimension of 13.8. Manuscript profile -
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234 - Analysis of Crimes against the Environment in Relation to National Security and Public Order; Challenges and Solutions
sarah ziadkhani SADEGH SALIMI ABDULALI GHAVAMNational security can be discussed as a very important phenomenon, and one of these areas is the environmental issue, which has caused the formation of new debates under the title of environmental security. The numerous characteristics of environmental damage that have MoreNational security can be discussed as a very important phenomenon, and one of these areas is the environmental issue, which has caused the formation of new debates under the title of environmental security. The numerous characteristics of environmental damage that have irreparable effects have caused this category to become a significant influence in jeopardizing national and international security and to face a serious risk to sustainable development. Green Crime has endangered the national security with its characteristics. By recognizing one of the anti-green crimes under the title of crimes against security, Iran's legal system has paid attention to the fact that environmental crimes can endanger national security in some cases. However, in other dimensions, the anti-green crime has not had a coherent criminal policy in the areas of criminal law, which is proposed to be achieved in the form of differential criminalization. This research, using descriptive-analytical method, will firstly describe the green belt and environmental security, and then, from a legal and criminological point of view, it will investigate the impact of the green belt on national security and environmental security, and will discuss the challenges and solutions in this field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
235 - Economic valuation of ranges forage production using Hedonic pricing method – Case study: Zemkan basin of Kermanshah Province
Sohrab MoradiForage is the main product of ranges. Through determining the economic value of ranges forage, managers can be directed towards the optimal management of productivity. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of forage production in the ranges of Zemk MoreForage is the main product of ranges. Through determining the economic value of ranges forage, managers can be directed towards the optimal management of productivity. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of forage production in the ranges of Zemkan basin located in Kermanshah province. Calculating the value of forage production per square hectare is one of the employed methods used for this purpose. This method involves the awareness of the status of various range types and the producible rate in each range type. Using the interpretation of IRS-P6 satellite images, Liss III and Liss IV sensors, there were determined the area and kind of range types in Zemkan basin. Also, the average forage production per hectare was determined in each range type using experts' attitudes, official statistics, and the information of native individuals. Forage prices are estimated using the Hedonic pricing method as they are economically heterogeneous. The results showed that the economic rents and the expected values of each hectare of ranges are 870 and 13594 Rials per hectare in moderately dense ranges and 580 and 9063 Rials per hectare in low-dense ones. Therefore, it can be inferred that the related ranges can play a significant role in both local and regional economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
236 - Forest environment in light of prinicipals of Conservation law
Ali Babai MehrOne of the most important subject under discussion public law is environment. Discussion about forest environment and different related profits is one of the considerable subject in the systems of environment.Iran in laws of many countries including there MoreOne of the most important subject under discussion public law is environment. Discussion about forest environment and different related profits is one of the considerable subject in the systems of environment.Iran in laws of many countries including there are some regulations deserving legal support , but what is suppurted by law is preserving the forest environment neither variety of environment nor interests of forest in habitants and public utility. The present article intends to consider the different interest by descriptive method and comparative view , and states the process of participation in environment management and at last introduce alternative s solutions about the way of desirable control environmental forest Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
237 - The Comparative Mythological Study of “Cows” in Different Nations’ Myths
Seyyed Karim Sajadi Rad sedighe Sajadi RadReligion and mythology of any nation cannot be understood apart from its historical context; and myths are the representative of the cultural background and the beliefs and thoughts of different nations. The relationship between humans and animals, humans and the gods h MoreReligion and mythology of any nation cannot be understood apart from its historical context; and myths are the representative of the cultural background and the beliefs and thoughts of different nations. The relationship between humans and animals, humans and the gods has been of a special importance in mythology and ancient traditions. Among these “cows” have been received more attention due to their characteristics and special features. This article examines the status of cows in mythology and folklore mythology and for their importance in Iran and some other nations, including Egypt, China, Greece, India and ... ; because when a literary work is compared with another one and each of them is evaluated in comparison with the other, they would indicate a deeper meaning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
238 - Comparison of some different interpretations of Maulavi from Quranic verses in "Fiehmafieh" and "Spiritual Mathnawi"
ALI BAZVAND arash amrai RAHMAT shayesthefarComparison of Rumi's Different Perceptions of Quranic Verses infih-e Ma-fih and Masnavi Faye with Educational Approach Molavi is one of the most famous poets in the seventh century whose valuable verses and narrations are replete with divine teaching, verses f MoreComparison of Rumi's Different Perceptions of Quranic Verses infih-e Ma-fih and Masnavi Faye with Educational Approach Molavi is one of the most famous poets in the seventh century whose valuable verses and narrations are replete with divine teaching, verses from the Holy Quran and Hhadises. His different Interpretations of Quran verses and Hhadises in his works (fih-e-ma-fih) show that he has complete understanding over the Islamic and Quran science. The understanding of his words would be impossible without a sound knowledge of his interpretation of Holy Quran as it happens that the poet has more than one interpretations of the same verse. The difficulty in understanding Molavi’s Interpretations is mainly originated from his skillful use of signs and symbols. These symbols are considered as secrets whose decoding seems to be very difficult. In this paper, the researcher tries to investigate the speeches which have different meanings, helping the readers to interpretation this mystic poet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
239 - Appealing and preferential stylistics in the Holy Quran from Aesthetic Viewpoint
Rahimeh Choulanin Nancy SaakiRhetoric scholars have always tried to understand the true meanings of words that express the true meaning of the appealing and preferential style. It is obvious that this style of expression is sometimes used semantically from one meaning to another simultaneously; and MoreRhetoric scholars have always tried to understand the true meanings of words that express the true meaning of the appealing and preferential style. It is obvious that this style of expression is sometimes used semantically from one meaning to another simultaneously; and sometimes it's possible that these two styles of expression shift according to the context of their application, in a way that their applications were not easily identifiable and determinable; so that the proximity of the meanings (appealing and preferential) is such that sometimes the two mentioned implements are used interchangeably and this application is very popular among the rhetoric scholars. The main point is to explain the aesthetic significance of the meanings of these words and the implements used in two expression styles, and to clarify how they are applied in Qur'an. The method of the article is qualitative and exemplary analysis technique in some Verses of Qur'an and abstract discussions are avoided. The result of the study shows that linguistic structure is not an impartial and unbiased structure in expression and presentation, and when it is used as an insignificant appealing or preferential combination, it would not be limited to them but should incorporate a structure of both meanings and the intended meaning as needed should be provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
240 - Educational Obligation of Parents towards their Children from the Perspective of the Holy Quran
Mohammad Razeghi Ahmad Ali Foroughi Abri Jahanbakhsh Rahmani Wali Allah MalakootifarThis study is conducted to find out what educational obligations parents have towards their children from the perspective of the Holy Quran so that they can guide their children towards achieving human perfection that was focusedon extracting and scientifically explaini MoreThis study is conducted to find out what educational obligations parents have towards their children from the perspective of the Holy Quran so that they can guide their children towards achieving human perfection that was focusedon extracting and scientifically explaining important concepts related to the subject by referring to Quranic principles. The research method in this research is qualitative with the content analysis approach or "transcendental logical analysis method". Content analysis of the system of deductive categories is conducted using documents and information required by written sources and views and theories of scholars and thinkers, especially Islamic educational and ethical issues by library tools through taking notes. Based on the findings, it can be said that from the perspective of the Holy Quran, the most essential educational component is the educational responsibility of parents towards their children by recognizing certain Qur'anic examples, methods and educational goals and practicing it so that families and society reach peace and destination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - The Conflict between Different Readings and Non – Distortion of Quran
Seyyed Morteza Pour EyvaniHoly Quran is the immortal and universal miracle of Mohammad which himself emphasizes it would never be challenged by distortion. By finding various readings of Quran this question rises that do different readings mean the enterance of distortion? The researches attempt MoreHoly Quran is the immortal and universal miracle of Mohammad which himself emphasizes it would never be challenged by distortion. By finding various readings of Quran this question rises that do different readings mean the enterance of distortion? The researches attempt to find them as non – opposition with each other or if there consider them as an opposition, try to solve this problem by various ambiguous answers. The present paper know it as an opposition substantially and the scholars' attempts are known of no use and believe that the problem still remains unsolved and no effective action has been done; thus this paper tries to solve the problem by expressing the possible aspects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - A Study on Parents and Friends’ Influence on Children’s Interest in Prayer (Ardebil Province)
Iran Soleimani Mahrokh AllahyariPrayer is the highest manifestation of need which has a wide relationship with various aspects of human life, its conditions and etiquette, regulate and reform the whole system and human relations. In today's world, where cultural unrest has severely endangered the heal MorePrayer is the highest manifestation of need which has a wide relationship with various aspects of human life, its conditions and etiquette, regulate and reform the whole system and human relations. In today's world, where cultural unrest has severely endangered the health and safety of many societies, God's prayers, trust, and help can save people from falling into the mire of sin. The present study was conducted by analytical methods with random sampling among all primary, secondary and high school students in Ardabil province and relies on Holy Quran to provide effective and practical solutions to attract children to prayer. Among the various components, parents with 46.3% have the highest statistics in attracting children to prayer. Therefore, the role of parents by relying on Qur'an in providing ways to encourage children to pray and presenting in mosques to maintain and promote Islamic and national identity and protect the family and society is undeniable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - Jurisprudence study of the relation and its legal effects in human simulation
mostafa ameri siahooyi alireza asgari mohammad mahdi ahmadi ahmad moradkhaniSimulation or cloning is one of the nascent methods of the medical world in the treatment of infertility, which, unlike normal reproduction, is a living creature without fertilization and a combination of a physical cell and a sexual cell. The right to assign the child MoreSimulation or cloning is one of the nascent methods of the medical world in the treatment of infertility, which, unlike normal reproduction, is a living creature without fertilization and a combination of a physical cell and a sexual cell. The right to assign the child to his or her parent is one of the most fundamental human rights. This article attempts to answer the questions and challenges in the jurisprudential review of the status of parental affairs in a child. Here, reproduction of the dual origin (parent) is compared to the genetic characteristics of the child and reproduction simulations of the parent (father or mother), and, moreover, the simulation license in the context of the conjugation relationship or the outside It is also being discussed. Every available ideas gives different results that various aspects of it are considered in the judgments of the Imams, and, finally, it is stated that, firstly, there is a relation in simulation. Secondly, the parent and the owner of the cell Cloned as the child's parent, that is, the owner of the cell and the child derived from the owner of the cell, are also twins. Also, the works of Nasab will be include the respect of marriage, custody of the child, Qahiri province, the obligation to spend, and inheritance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - Determining the Lease property Surplus of the Second Lease in Islamic Jurisprudence
Seyed Masih Hosseiny Ahmad MoradkhaniAccording to Article 466 of the Penal Code, a lease is a contract under which the lessee owns the benefits of the same lessee and also Article 474 of the Penal Code stipulates: the lessee can lease the same lessee, unless stipulated in the lease contract otherwise. Howe MoreAccording to Article 466 of the Penal Code, a lease is a contract under which the lessee owns the benefits of the same lessee and also Article 474 of the Penal Code stipulates: the lessee can lease the same lessee, unless stipulated in the lease contract otherwise. However, Article 10 of the Law on Owners and Tenants states "The lessee may not transfer the lease interest in whole or in part to nontransferable property unless it has been authorized in writing. Although there has been extensive discussion in legal books of these cases, the surplus of rent has not been discussed for the same tenant (in whole or in part) in the second lease contract, or sometimes less discussed, therefore in this study, according to jurisprudential sources and Imami (Shiite) narration, has been considered the statements of the jurists of the past and the latter. The findings show that some of the Fatwas of contemporary referred separately to land and non- land Shiite jurisprudential authorities who are detailed on surplus rent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
245 - REVIEW OF THE RULES OF PROCEDURE OF ORIGIN IN ARTIFICIAL INVESTIGATION AIMED TO IDENTIFY VERDICTS OF THREE-PARENT BABIES
Seyed reza Jabbari Sayyid Hassan Abedian kalkhoran Alireza Asgari One of the emerging issues in this field that is less than a decade old is the issue of three-Parent Babies, which solved a dangerous genetic defect (mitochondrial defect). Three-Parent Babies come into being through artificial insemination with the genetic modif More One of the emerging issues in this field that is less than a decade old is the issue of three-Parent Babies, which solved a dangerous genetic defect (mitochondrial defect). Three-Parent Babies come into being through artificial insemination with the genetic modification, which is different from other artificial insemination so far. This has various implications and raises many issues in the field of ethics, jurisprudence and law. One of the most important jurisprudential issues related to this issue is study about its tow religious sides: whether it’s permissible or not; and its obligatory side. Considering the importance of these two discussions, this article descriptive-analytically deals with the types of artificial insemination, the type considered in the issue of three-parent babies, and its ordinances and effects. After dealing with the issues, due to the different opinions of the Islamic jurists (fuqahā), this paper’s final voting is to prefer the approval of that process. But in the obligatory side, it is accepted a detailed position: a minimal sense of that obligatory to all persons involved in that process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
246 - A Comparative Survey of the Conflict between Principle and Apparent Condition in Imāmiyah versus ‘Āmmah Fiqh
mahdi abdar esfahani ehsan aliakbari mohammad ali heidariThe purpose of the present study is the comparative survey of the conflictic between principle and apparent condition from the view of Imāmiyah versus Sunni jurists. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and it aims to find an answer for this question: In the conf MoreThe purpose of the present study is the comparative survey of the conflictic between principle and apparent condition from the view of Imāmiyah versus Sunni jurists. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and it aims to find an answer for this question: In the conflict between principle and apparent condition in Islamic sects, does the first or the latter overrule? Considering different theories from Islamic jurists regarding the priority of either principle or apparent condition, this study has attempted to state the best theory through logical reasoning in this conflict. The main problem in this research is to reach the point that if apparent in apparent condition denotes circumstances and situations, it would not have the potency to overrule the principle because it is the evidence of absolute hunch and so apparent condition is left behind unless that is recognized as valid by religion. Thus, the view of some Shi’ite and Sunni jurists denoting the priority of apparent condition, in terms of expansion and justification of conjecture is nullified. The results indicate that most of Islamic jurists maintain principle overrules apparent condition although some scholars of the religious sects, based on the theory of hindrance, give priority to apparent circumstances. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
247 - analaysis political component of political legitimacy from the perspective of Islamic-Iranian intellectual movements(Third to eighth century AH)
حبیب عشایریThe study of the component of political legitimacy, especially from the point of view of the Islamic-Iranian intellectual movements during the third centuries of the AH century, illustrates the depiction of a pyramidic society from the point of view of political philoso MoreThe study of the component of political legitimacy, especially from the point of view of the Islamic-Iranian intellectual movements during the third centuries of the AH century, illustrates the depiction of a pyramidic society from the point of view of political philosophy and from the point of view of other currents. In this regard, Farabi, Avicenna, Ghazali, Khajeh Nasyros, noted the audience.In such a way that a mutually beneficial relationship can be found between the utopian royal society, the philosopher Shah Wamam Yasultan in the framework of Iranian-Islamic political thought. Of course, all thinkers, according to their kind of thinking and analysis, have distinctive features for the president and the ruler.But the Shiites, with the acceptance of the belief in "Imamate" based on the rule of favor and based on the Nas, placed the concept of legitimacy in a special context. Imam is a legitimate ruler and he is the one who is appointed and appointed on the basis of the number of sons of Ali (as) and of the generation of Fatima (sa) and of the branch of Hussein ibn Ali. Therefore, his government, if it is real and legitimate, is based on Shariah Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
248 - An Evaluation Study of the Political Consequences of the Second Pahlavi's Oil Economy
Hossein Hosseinzadeh Fereydoon Akbarzadeh Lena Abdolkhani Hamed MohagheghniaThe purpose of the present study is to explore rentierism in the second Pahlavi regime. The method of study is descriptive analysis and the results showed that the most important political consequence of the oil economy in Iran can be the rentier state during the second MoreThe purpose of the present study is to explore rentierism in the second Pahlavi regime. The method of study is descriptive analysis and the results showed that the most important political consequence of the oil economy in Iran can be the rentier state during the second Pahlavi regime. Rising oil prices led to a highly noticeable increase in SAVAK budget and the Shah used this factor to suppress public opposition inside the country more than ever. SAVAK, recognizing it was given a more extensive role compared to the first pre-shock stage, felt free to suppress the regime's opponents and continued its measures without any concern. Of course, it should be noted that the Shah's oppression and dictatorship created a sense of terror and horror in people's heart and they attributed all these measures to the Shah and hated him more than before. Autocracy and repression intensified by the Shah before the revolution insomuch that a group of writers and researchers of the Islamic revolution have considered the severe autocracy and repression during the Pahlavi regime as the main causes of the revolution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
249 - Rentier Economy, state and the Cultural Middle Class in the Islamic Republic of Iran
masoud motallebi hamid malek pourThe purpose of this study was to explain the status and position of rentier economy, state and Cultural middle class in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this regard, after the concept of rent and rentier economics, the characteristics of rentier state, the nature of soc MoreThe purpose of this study was to explain the status and position of rentier economy, state and Cultural middle class in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this regard, after the concept of rent and rentier economics, the characteristics of rentier state, the nature of social classes in Iran and the influence of rentier state on the new and cultural middle class were studied. Also, the impact of rentier economy and state on migration and urbanization, development of educational and academic centers, media development and typology of the cultural middle class were other topics considered in this study. The results of this study, using historical sociology and a descriptive-analytical approach, showed that the cultural middle class wants what the middle class wants in the industrial society, but economically it does not. This class is pushing to impose its values such as citizenship rights, a sense of participation in decision-making, the reinforcement of modern cultural values, and the modern lifestyle of post-revolutionary states that enjoy a rentier structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
250 - Defamiliarization of story structures of six post-modern stories in Persian Cotemporary
Faezeh Ahmadi Fatemeh HeydariIn literary sense demfamilirization is the technique of presenting in an unfamiliar way that part of literary concept of the text which is familiar to the audience. This literary technique was initially appeared in the Russian Formalists. In the modern story writing, de MoreIn literary sense demfamilirization is the technique of presenting in an unfamiliar way that part of literary concept of the text which is familiar to the audience. This literary technique was initially appeared in the Russian Formalists. In the modern story writing, defamilirization is expressed through different presentation and usage of the story elements. Postmodern stories in Contemporary Persian stand in an aura of modern features due to the choice of defamilirization in the story elements such as vision, theme, the atmosphere, time, form, tone and different conclusion, forcing the reader to read this story several times in order to be able to understand the writer’s point of view.Based on descriptive and analytical method within library process, this research attempts to know defamilirization of story structures in postmodern stories on one hand and on the other to make a critical review of six stories by” Bijan Najdi”, “ Hadi Khorshahian”, “ Mehdi Yazdani Khorram”,Leila Sadeqi” and examines the constituent elements in them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - Scrutinizing the Patriarchic Attitudes of Masoud Ghaznavi in Beihaghi History According to Eric Berne’s Theory
Nasrin Omrannejhad Parvaneh Adelzadeh Kamran Pashaei FakhreiAccording to theory of Eric Berne, any person involves specific behavioral patterns that depict his ego states. However, a person might depict different behavioral pattern under various ego states that are contrary to his previous behaviors. This viewpoint led to propos MoreAccording to theory of Eric Berne, any person involves specific behavioral patterns that depict his ego states. However, a person might depict different behavioral pattern under various ego states that are contrary to his previous behaviors. This viewpoint led to proposition of Ego state. Eric Berne, the founder of Transactional Analysis divides ego states into parent, adult and child. Based on this theory, parent is one of the personality states of a person that humans obtain it from their parents or power paradigm. Parent appears as the kind supportive parent and controlled parent. In the kind supportive parent state, the person has characteristics such as supportive, generous and intimate. In the state of the controlled parent, the person is selfish, punisher and tyrant. By descriptive and analytical method and by reference to the Beihaghi History and Eric Berne’s viewpoints and interdisciplinary approach, this research investigates the three components such as personality, types of parents and their exemplars in the personality of Amir Masoud Ghaznavi. The results show how Masoud Ghaznavi acts in different states and depicts the ego state of parent in his actions and what are the mental states of these behaviors. It is inferred that Masoud Ghaznavi has removed the state of adult and shows the state of tyrant parent and depicts the approaches such as power, threat, intimidation and tyranny. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - Utopian though at the beginning of the Radi’s plays by considering the view of Farabi’s philosophic utopia
Samira Abbasi AtaAllah KopalThe present study aims to investigate three plays of the Akbar Radi’s which are selected in the 1340s by considering Farabi’s utopian thought. This investigation attempts to consider the current dramatics remnants by considering Farabi’s utopian though MoreThe present study aims to investigate three plays of the Akbar Radi’s which are selected in the 1340s by considering Farabi’s utopian thought. This investigation attempts to consider the current dramatics remnants by considering Farabi’s utopian thought. Akbar Radi affected the pattern of plays in Iran for 4 decades through introducing interesting topics and language of plays. The present study investigates the data which is obtained by the library method based on the descriptive-analytical method. Moreover, it evaluates utopian thought of characters in Radi’s plays according to the view of Farabi’s utopia and by the use of Islamic-Iranian philosophy, it criticizes Akbar Radi’s plays. The purpose of this study is to peruse current dramatics remnants with utopian views which generally are referred to the theories of Plato, Tomas Mohr, and other western ideologists. Utopian view which is both common and fundamental element in world’s dramatics remnant. Akbar Radi is an idealist and ideologue author. He created several characters who try to find utopia, in order to emancipate from the status with the various methods. The result of this investigation clearly indicates that all the Akbar Radi’s plays in the 40s included different characters with assorted utopian thought. The most important pint of Radi’s dramatics plays in40s is that all of the utopian characters had been failing to find own utopia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
253 - Removal of Crude Oil from Oily Artificial Wastewater by Using Pulse Electrochemical Treatment
Azin Karkhaneh Elham Keshmirizadeh -
Open Access Article
254 - Antifungal Activity of Silver Nanoparticle in Different Sizes against Some Pathogenic Fungi
Monir Aghamoosa Azar Sabokbar -
Open Access Article
255 - A sociological study of the relationship between economic status and religion and political culture in Mark Tessler's conceptual framework
مجتبی فتحی زاده عبدالرضا هاشمی احمد علی حسابیMojtaba Fathizadeh PhD Student, Department of Political Sociology, Shushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar, Iran. Abdolreza HashemiAssistant Professor, Department of Political Sociology, Shushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar, Iran. (Correspond MoreMojtaba Fathizadeh PhD Student, Department of Political Sociology, Shushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar, Iran. Abdolreza HashemiAssistant Professor, Department of Political Sociology, Shushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar, Iran. (Corresponding Author): abdorezahashemi@yahoo.com Ahmad Ali Hesabi Assistant Professor, Department of Political Sociology, Shushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar, Iran. Political culture in contemporary societies, and especially in the society in transition in Iran, plays a pivotal role in political and civil development and participation. Within the framework of Mark Tessler's conceptual system, he studies the sociological study of the relationship between economic status and religion and students' political culture. , Hamedan) were selected by stratified random sampling method. The results showed that the majority of students who had Sunni religion indifferent to political culture 16.6%, and the majority of students who had Shiite religion to two political cultures The difference of 40.9% and 32.6% democratic tended. Also, the majority of students with low economic status tended to indifferent political culture, and the majority of students with high economic status tended to democratic political culture. He said that students' political culture has a positive and significant relationship with the variables of economic status and religion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - Sustainable Development of Ecotourism in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiyari Province, Iran, a Scenario Study
Farahnaz Ebrahimi Vahid Etemad -
Open Access Article
257 - Desirable strategies and possibility of making a distinct opportunity, in order to optimal development of tourism in persian -gulf region
Kiuomars YazdanpanahDero -
Open Access Article
258 - The Effect of Competitive Factors on Asymmetric Cost Behavior
Akbar Karimzadeh Nader Rezaei Zohreh Hajiha Rasoul AbdiPurpose: Cost management and resource consumption planning are among issues to deal with in management in order to create value for the agency under our direction. Yet, this subject requires full awareness of cost behavior and effective factors on that. Former studies a MorePurpose: Cost management and resource consumption planning are among issues to deal with in management in order to create value for the agency under our direction. Yet, this subject requires full awareness of cost behavior and effective factors on that. Former studies about asymmetric cost behavior mostly focused on internal factors while the managers consider both internal and external factors simultaneously when they want to make strategic decisions about costs. Therefore, in order to focus on external factors, this research studies the impact of competitive factors on asymmetric cost behavior in the companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange.Methods: The present study has a practical purpose and it is correlational in terms of method or nature. In order to achieve the research objectives, the data of financial statements of 167 corporations during 2010 to 2019 were explored. For hypothesis testing, multivariate regression with mixed data was used.Results: The results of research hypothesis testing indicate that competitive factors such as product differentiation, input cost, and market size do not have a significant impact on asymmetric behavior of selling, administrative and public costs.Conclusions: Active corporations in competitive industries have less control over product costs and may decrease the costs to maintain definite profitability and or minimize loss. Furthermore, active corporations in industries with high input cost have less tendency to invest on committed sources such as advertisement, research and development as well as selling, administrative, and public costs to avoid the entrance of potential competitors to this market and their achievement of long-term exclusive power. As a result, the managers of these corporations may decrease these costs when they have less selling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - Style and its Application in Artistic Imagination (Investigation of Imam Ali's Letters :a Case Study)
Khalil Parvini Eesa Motaghi zadeh Mohammad Kabiri The art of imagination as a literary element, containing critical components such as image, emotion, language, reality and etc., is highly emphasized in studying and criticizing a literary script. Imam Ali has remarkably used this literary element to convey More The art of imagination as a literary element, containing critical components such as image, emotion, language, reality and etc., is highly emphasized in studying and criticizing a literary script. Imam Ali has remarkably used this literary element to convey religious, ethical and social concepts. Since this literary element is closely related to style and different types of that, thus we tried to study the art of imagination in Imam Ali's letters based on various kinds of styles. This study, which uses descriptive-analytical method, concluds that "style" plays the pivotal role in the expression of literary imaginations in Imam Ali's letters and in determining the position and success of their application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - Koranic Intertextuality in Contemporary Poetry of Iraq
Ali Salimi Abdolsaheb TahmasbiThe Arab poetry has adorned different types of intertextuality which include: mythical, historical, and religious ones. Abundant use of this phenomenon, especially what is called koranic intertextuality, led to the review of this phenomenon. For this means & MoreThe Arab poetry has adorned different types of intertextuality which include: mythical, historical, and religious ones. Abundant use of this phenomenon, especially what is called koranic intertextuality, led to the review of this phenomenon. For this means one must identify the strengths and weaknesses imposing a framework for it. Considering the interaction of poet with the holy Koran intertextuality is divided in to several types such as : total and partial intertextuality , referential intertextuality and conceptual intertextuality. Some of these give abeautiful forms to the poetry and some are ugly and unacceptable, because they do not preserve dignity of Koran.It should be noted that the overall shape and detailed koranic intertextuality is more susceptible to error, while the conceptual and referential formsare less affected by slips. This research criticizes and studies koranic intertextuality in modern poetry of Iraq. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - The Effect of 8 weeks of Concurrent Training on Plasma Concentration of Irisin and BDNF in Overweight Middle-Aged Men
Zohre Koohkheil Davar Khodadadi Parham JalaliThe purpose of the present study is to review the effect of 8 weeks of concurrent training on plasma concentration of Irisin and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in overweight middle-aged men.20 healthy middle-aged men with the average age of 51.3±7.5 wer MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review the effect of 8 weeks of concurrent training on plasma concentration of Irisin and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in overweight middle-aged men.20 healthy middle-aged men with the average age of 51.3±7.5 were randomly chosen and divided into 2 groups of test (10 members) and control (10 members) groups. The participants in the test group took part in 8 weeks of concurrent exercise. The work out plan consisted of 10 minutes of warm-up, 25 minutes of aerobics, 30 minutes of endurance activities, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Blood samples were tested before the test and 48 hours after the last work out session in order to measure Irisin and BDNF levels by ELISA test. For data analysis, t-test was used. The results showed that plasma concentration of Irisin and BDNF levels increased significantly in the test group compared to the pre-test (P≥ 0.001). Also, the comparison between test group and control group in post-test indicated high plasma levels of Irisin and BDNF in the concurrent test group (P≥ 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significantly positive relation between plasma changes of Irisin and BDNF (r-0.569; P≥ 0.01). It seems that concurrent exercising can positively regulate Irisin and BDNF levels in overweight middle-aged men and thus fight against the harmful effects of aging. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - Modeling of overhead transmission line in Laplace area to simulate the phenomenon of recurrent discharge
Mohammad Hossein Ghasemi Peyman Naderi Mohammad Reza Alizadeh PahlavaniThe phenomenon of reverse discharge in high voltage overhead transmission lines occurs when a lightning wave hits the mast or protective wires. In this paper, in the stage of calculating the impact of lightning wave on overhead transmission lines, models and frequency i MoreThe phenomenon of reverse discharge in high voltage overhead transmission lines occurs when a lightning wave hits the mast or protective wires. In this paper, in the stage of calculating the impact of lightning wave on overhead transmission lines, models and frequency independent parameters for analysis in Laplace area are assigned to 115KV overhead transmission lines and then using MATLAB software to simulate the voltage difference. We will pay attention to the two ends of the chain of the headquarters of the desired lines to obtain the amount of overvoltage of the reverse discharge phenomenon. Finally, a comparison will be made between the results obtained in the Laplace domain and the results obtained in the frequency-dependent mode in ATPDraw software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - Improved of Linearity Performance With low Common-mode Voltage Variations for Non-binary Successive Approximation ADC With a Monotonic Switching method
Nasrin Shayestehnezhad عبدالرسول GhasemiIn this paper, a fully differential successive approximation A/D converter is presented using the extended non-binary search algorithm with an accuracy of 10-bits, 11 comparison steps, and the sampling rate of 4.17MS/s which is suitable for low-power applications becaus MoreIn this paper, a fully differential successive approximation A/D converter is presented using the extended non-binary search algorithm with an accuracy of 10-bits, 11 comparison steps, and the sampling rate of 4.17MS/s which is suitable for low-power applications because it does not require to be calibration. In the non-binary search algorithm, there are overlaps between the search rang, that allow comparison decision errors to be digitally corrected. To improve the linear behavior of the proposed structure, a capacitive array D/A converter with non-binary weight is implemented, and the sampling frequency is increased compared to the conventional successive approximation converter through proper selection of non-binary capacitances of the capacitive array. The proposed structure operates based on monotonic switching logic. This switching method reduces the power consumption of DAC compared to conventional switching. The proposed structure is designed using 180nm CMOS technology and the simulation results show that for a supply voltage of 1.8V, signal to noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) is 61.35dB, power consumption is 78.14µW, and figure of merit is 19.57(fj/Conv.step). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - Simulation and investigation of parameters affecting the reduction of power consumption in multiplication circuits using CNT transistor technology
abdolrasoul moghateli hosssein momenzadeh Mohammad Nader KakaiAnalog multipliers are useful blocks used in implementing functions such as automatic control, modulation, detectors, adaptive filters, and neural networks. In this paper, we present a new four-quadratic analog multiplier based on carbon nanotube transistors. Newly desi MoreAnalog multipliers are useful blocks used in implementing functions such as automatic control, modulation, detectors, adaptive filters, and neural networks. In this paper, we present a new four-quadratic analog multiplier based on carbon nanotube transistors. Newly designed current square circuits and a current mirror, all operating at low voltage (1V), are essential components in realizing mathematical equations. The multiplier circuit is designed using CNTFET technology, 32 nm, and the multiplier provided in the HSPICE simulator is simulated to validate the circuit performance. The simulation results showed that the circuit has the desired performance up to a frequency of 2 GHz and shows a maximum power consumption of 3.7464uw and also has a THD of 0.226043%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - A Study of False Cognates among Persian and English Terms
Iraj NorooziThis paper studies the terms in English and Persian that are called false cognates, or what is sometimes named false friends in Eropean languages. Since such a research has not been, linguistically, carried out a lot in Persian, the researcher, regarding other researche MoreThis paper studies the terms in English and Persian that are called false cognates, or what is sometimes named false friends in Eropean languages. Since such a research has not been, linguistically, carried out a lot in Persian, the researcher, regarding other researches performed in other languages, tries his best to provide the readers of this paper with a general meaning of this term, being a linguistic concept as well. The paper, will, then, point out the problems emerging when translating from Persian to English or vice versa. False cognates generally refer to the terms between two languages that are, in their apparent identity, almost or completely the same, but are almost or completely different in their semantic identity. This is where the translator cannot sometimes distinguish these characteristics, and when translating from the first language to the target language, he gets away from the meaning, while semantics is the basis of language comprehension. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - Conventional Invocations in Persian Poetry
Masoud KheradmandporThis study attempts to analyze Conventional Invocations as a subcategory of lyrics in Persian poetry. Since this poetic genre often includes the lasting convention of openings and endings in 'masnavis' and sometimes poetry anthologies, we can hardly encounter anthologie MoreThis study attempts to analyze Conventional Invocations as a subcategory of lyrics in Persian poetry. Since this poetic genre often includes the lasting convention of openings and endings in 'masnavis' and sometimes poetry anthologies, we can hardly encounter anthologies and 'divans' lacking this poetry genre. Thus, we can see the same trace in epic works like Ferdousi's Shahname, instructional works like Sa'di's Golestan and Bustan, and other romantic anthologies. In order to illustrate the span of this genre, this thesis tries to survey the following important issues in conventional poetry: definition of invocation and praying, the elements of invocation and prayers, the structure of conventional and religious invocations, literature and invocation, and invocation in the Persian literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - Modelling of Non-Uniform Piezoelectric Micro-Cantilever in Different Environments
Mitra Taghizade A. H. Korayem M. H. Korayem -
Open Access Article
268 - Sensitivity Analysis for Optimal Design of Multibody Systems with Clearance Joint
Saeed Ebrahimi Esmaeil Salahshoor Saeed Nouri -
Open Access Article
269 - Experimental Study of the Effect of Variable Pitch in Indexable Cutting Tool on AISI4140 Steel Surface Finish in Milling
Behrouz Mahdikhani Mehrdad Javadi -
Open Access Article
270 - Numerical Study of Microbeam with Geometric Discontinuity Under Electrostatic Load using Strain Gradient Theory
Hadi Hamidizadeh Mahmoud Mousavi Mashhadi Younes Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
271 - Droplet Counter Current Chromatography (DCCC) in herbal analysis
Lutfun Nahar Satyajit D. Sarker -
Open Access Article
272 - The effect of metacognitive beliefs, emotional schemas, and parental bonding on sensory processing sensitivity
Behnaz Kamali Ali Reza Agha Yosefi hasan mirzahoseiniThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of metacognitive-beliefs, emotional-schemas and parental-bonding in vulnerability to sensory processing sensitivity in the nonclinical population of Tehran. The research method in this study was correlational and typ MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of metacognitive-beliefs, emotional-schemas and parental-bonding in vulnerability to sensory processing sensitivity in the nonclinical population of Tehran. The research method in this study was correlational and type of path analysis studies. The statistical population consisted of all citizens over 16 years old in Tehran during winter and spring of 2018. 401 people were selected by available sampling method. After explaining the aim of the research, they were filled out Aron’s Highly Sensitive Person Scale (1997), Leahy’s Emotional Schemas Scale (2002), Wells’s Metacognition Questionnaire (1997) and Parker’s Parental Bonding Instrument (1979). Data were analyzed using SPSS-20 and LISREL. The results of path analysis indicated that the proposed model fitted well with the data. The highest path coefficients were related to emotional schemas (0.40), followed by Parental bonding (0.29) and metacognitive beliefs (0.25) respectively affecting sensory processing sensitivity. The indirect effect of emotional schemas through Parental-bonding (0.20) and metacognition through Parental-bonding (-0.13) was also significant. According to the results, metacognitive-beliefs and emotional-schemas are directly and indirectly affect the sensory processing sensitivity; therefore, metacognitive and emotional schemas therapy can be used to design the preventive programs and appropriate therapeutic interventions for this group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
273 - Effect of training emotional intelligence on components of social adjustment of female adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems with single parents
farzaneh Motamedi Ahmad Beh-Pajooh Mohsen Shokoohi Yekta Gholam Ali Afrooz Bagher Ghobari Ghobari-BonabThe purpose of this study was to evaluate effect emotional intelligence on components of social adjustment of adolescents with single parents in Tehran city. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group. MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate effect emotional intelligence on components of social adjustment of adolescents with single parents in Tehran city. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group. The population was all adolescents girls 13 to 16 age with emotional and behavioral problems and single parent in Tehran city in 2012-2013 (1392-93 s.c.).The sample of the study selected by a purposive sampling method and11 students in the experimental group and 12 students in the control group were among the adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems who were living in single parent families. This program was offered through workshop which consisted of 10 sessions, two hours per session. The instruments which were used in this study included Need Assessment Checklist, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and Youth Self Report (YSR); (Achenbach & Reskula, 2001), Social Adjustment subscale of California Personality Inventory (Tiegs, Clark & Thrope, 1941). The obtained data was analyzed using Repeated Measures of Analysis of Variance, which showed that emotional intelligence training program could significantly increase social adjustment in adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems in single parent families. (p<0/01). Participating in the workshop, has led to increasing the social adjustment of adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems that living in single parent. Therefore, it is concluded that emotional intelligence skills training, as basic skills of mental health, can be an effective approach in increasing social adjustment of adolescent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
274 - The role of parents’ self differentiation in predicting high school students’ self differentiation
Fateme Asl dehghan hamid rezaeian faraji simin hosseinianThe purpose of this study was to explore the role of parent s’ self differentiation in predicting high schoolstudents’ self differentiation. The research was a descriptive correlational study. The population consisted of all high school students of Tehran. F MoreThe purpose of this study was to explore the role of parent s’ self differentiation in predicting high schoolstudents’ self differentiation. The research was a descriptive correlational study. The population consisted of all high school students of Tehran. For this study a random cluster sampling method was used and 283 high school students were selected. The participants and their parents completed the Differentiation of Self Inventory (short form; Drake, 2011). The results of stepwise regression showed that the component of emotional reactivity of fathers’ self-differentiation could predict their sons’ self-differentiation (15%), whereas the component of I position of mothers’ self-differentiation could predict their sons’ self-differentiation (7%). Regarding female students, it was revealed that fathers’ fusion with others (7%) and mothers’ emotional reactivity (5%) would affect the self-differentiation of them. Other Components of self- differentiation of parents showed no role in this anticipation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
275 - The Comparison of Mental Health, Marriage Satisfaction and Assertiveness between Parents of Mental Retarded and Normal (Girl and Boy) of Primary School's Student in West Azerbaijan
مختار معتمدین فریبا سهرابی اسکندر فتحیآذر صادق ملکیThe purpose of this study was the comparison of mental health, marriage satisfaction and assertiveness between parents of mental retarded and normal (girl and boy) students. In these research parents of mental retarded and normal (girl and boy) who their children's wer MoreThe purpose of this study was the comparison of mental health, marriage satisfaction and assertiveness between parents of mental retarded and normal (girl and boy) students. In these research parents of mental retarded and normal (girl and boy) who their children's were studding primary schools in west Azerbaijan were selected randomly and examined for obtaining the necessary in formation about groups. We used questioners: (SCL- ), (ENRICH) and (ASRI). The data collected were analyzed by independent t test. The statically results were showed that: means of scores between groups in variables (mental health, marriage satisfaction and assertiveness) were significantly different (P < ). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
276 - The Role of mindfulness And Meta-parenting in parenting style and Parenting Stress
Sakineh julaieha Alireza Agha yousefi Morteza TarkhanThe aim of this studywas to investigate the role of mindfulnessandmeta-parenting in effective parenting and parenting stress. The sample group included 196 parents of elementary school students in the academic year 2014-2015 in Pakdasht city who were selected by purposi MoreThe aim of this studywas to investigate the role of mindfulnessandmeta-parenting in effective parenting and parenting stress. The sample group included 196 parents of elementary school students in the academic year 2014-2015 in Pakdasht city who were selected by purposive sampling. Participants completed Parenting Style Questionnaire (Baumrind, 1973), Mindful Attention Awareness (Ryan and Brown, 2003), Meta-Parenting Questionnaire (Hawk & Holden, 2006) and Parenting Stress Index (Abidin, 1990). The data were analyzed by Pearson multiple regression analysis. The results showed that mindfulness andcomponentof meta-parenting (anticipation) can be predict authoritarian style and authoritative style. The results showed that mindfulness and componentof meta-parenting (anticipation and reflection) had predictive power forparental stress in child and parent context (P<0.01). But mindfulness and components of meta-parentingdid not predict permissive style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
277 - The Role of Self-efficacy, Emotional Intelligence and Parenting Styles in Anticipating Academic Achievement Motivation of High School Females
Nayere Parishany Sohrab Abdi ZarrinThe purpose of the study was to explore the role of self-efficacy, emotional intelligence and parenting styles in predicting academic achievement motivation of high school female students. The research was descriptive and correlational. The population consisted of all h MoreThe purpose of the study was to explore the role of self-efficacy, emotional intelligence and parenting styles in predicting academic achievement motivation of high school female students. The research was descriptive and correlational. The population consisted of all high school girls in Isfahan. The sample under scrutiny was 200 female high school students, chosen randomly using a cluster-multiphasic method from among 2 high schools in educational districts 4 and 5 in Isfahan. The questionnaires for self-efficacy (sherer et al, 1982), emotional intelligence (Petrides & Furnham, 2002) and academic development motivation (Vallerand & Bissonnette, 1992) were completed by the students and parenting styles (Baumrind, 1988) questionnaire was completed by their mothers. A stepwise regression analysis and a correlation test were employed in data analysis. The results showed that from individual and family factors the authoritative style, self-efficacy and emotional intelligence were significant predictores of academic development motivation (ρ<0.01). Meanwhile, authoritarian and permissive styles did not have significant predictive role in academic achievement motivation. The results, generally, show that parenting styles, self-efficacy and emotional intelligence can affect the academic performance of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
278 - The Comparison of Frequency of Drawing Characteristics of Children With Bad Parenting and Normal Children Between 5-11 based on DrawâAâFamily Test
شهناز گیلی کیانوش هاشمیان خدیجه ابوالمعالی شهلا پاکدامنThe present research aimed to compare frequency of drawing characteristics of children aged 5-11, who were experiencing bad parenting and children experiencing normal parenting according to Corman Family Drawing Test. The research was causal-comparitive. The children un MoreThe present research aimed to compare frequency of drawing characteristics of children aged 5-11, who were experiencing bad parenting and children experiencing normal parenting according to Corman Family Drawing Test. The research was causal-comparitive. The children under bad parenting (15 girls and 15 boys) were randomly selected from Tehran’s charities in zone one and children with normal parenting (15 girls and 15 boys) were randomly selected from preschools and conditions primary schools in the same zone to better match the participants echonomic and cultural. The research instrument was Corman Family Drawing Test (Corman, 1964). The drawings of children were compared in the indicators of elimination of parents, conscious identification, drawing dynamics (intellectual-sensory form), the first drawn person, and levels of graphical extension (pale-bold). To analyze the data chi square test was used. The results demonstrated that there was a significant difference (P < 0.01) between the types of parenting and the freqency in drawing of first drawn person, complete elimination, conscious identification and drawing dynamics (intellectual-sensory form). There was no significant difference between type of parenting and levels of graphical extension (pale-bold).Finally, the results of this study showed that there was difference between the two groups of children in valuation and devaluation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
279 - The Role of Iranian Religious Coping in Mothersâ Parenting Stress with Autistic Children
Narges ChimehThe aim of this research was to investigate the role of Iranian religious coping in predicting mothers’ parenting stress with autistic children. The method of current research was descriptive-correlational and the population consisted of all mothers with autistic MoreThe aim of this research was to investigate the role of Iranian religious coping in predicting mothers’ parenting stress with autistic children. The method of current research was descriptive-correlational and the population consisted of all mothers with autistic children who were educated and treated in Tehran during 2013-2014. Fifty mothers were selected as sample according to inclusion criteria using available sampling. Iranian Religious Coping Scale (Aguilar- Vafaie & Abyari 2007) and Parenting Stress Index questionnaire (Abidin 1995) administered to them. The obtained data were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the Iranian religious coping had a negative significant relationship with parenting stress (P=0.001). Iranian religious coping could predict 35 percent of variance of parenting stress. Iranian religious coping, mothers’ level of education and age had no impact on parenting stress. According to the results of present research, Iranian religious coping as a general and internal factor could help mothers of autistic children to improve their mental health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
280 - The Comparison of the Effect of Individual and Group Parenting Skills Training on Mothersâ Life Satisfaction
himeyra alnandi aboolghasem nouriThe present study aimed to compare the effect of individual and group parenting skills training on life mothers’ life satisfaction. The research used a quasi-experimental design with pretest- posttest method. The population included 2112 mothers with children less MoreThe present study aimed to compare the effect of individual and group parenting skills training on life mothers’ life satisfaction. The research used a quasi-experimental design with pretest- posttest method. The population included 2112 mothers with children less than 12 years old under the support of health and therapeutic center in the city of Lenjan. The sample consisted of 60 mothers who were selected randomly and then randomly assigned into three groups twenty each. One group received parenting skills training individually and the other group received group training, while the third group received no training. Our research tool was the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (Diener, 1985). To analyze data, analysis of covariance was used. The results showed that the groups who received training were significantly different in the post-test compared to pre-test regarding parenting style (P<0.05). Also, the difference between the two groups who received training was not significantly different in the post-test compared to pre-test. (P>0.05). Therefore, the effect of individual and group parenting skills training on mothers’ life satisfaction was similar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
281 - Designing a Model to Online Shopping Behavior Based on the Quality of Sites
Mahmoud Naderi Bani Mahdi Al Husseini almodarresi adeleh dehghani ghahnavi Mohammad Mahdi afsharThe purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive model of the determinants of online shopping behavior based on site quality. This research was descriptive and Applied Survey. The populaition of research was M.A students with entrance of 1393 in Yazd Universi MoreThe purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive model of the determinants of online shopping behavior based on site quality. This research was descriptive and Applied Survey. The populaition of research was M.A students with entrance of 1393 in Yazd University. 212 sample were chosen based on Cochran formula and by classes sampling. The data collection instrument was questionnaire. data analysis was performed by little squares and by helping of Smart Pls2/0 and Amos23 softwares. Findings showed that technical, appearance and content quality of website Positive affect intention to internet purchase (P<0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
282 - The Effectiveness of Mindful Parenting Education on Child Behaviorâs Problems and Parenting Stress among Mothers with Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
narjes fazli ilnaz sajjadianThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindful parenting education on child’s behaviour problems and parenting stress among mothers with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children whose age ranged from 6 to 13 in Isfahan. T MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindful parenting education on child’s behaviour problems and parenting stress among mothers with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children whose age ranged from 6 to 13 in Isfahan. The population included all ADHD 6 – 13 year olds’ mothers who referred to clinical and counselling centers of Isfahan in summer and autumn in 2015. The design of the study was quasi-experimental or more specifically pre-test, post-test control group design. Thus, 20 mothers of ADHD children were selected through available sampling technique and were randomly divided in two groups of experimental and control (10 for each). Participants completed two questionnaires including Child Behavior Checklist (Aachen Bach, 1991) and Parenting Stress (Aybydyn and Solis, 1991). The treatment, namely mindful parenting education was administered to the experimental group in 8 sessions over 8 weeks. The results of the multivariate covariance analysis of data indicated that, in post-test, mindful parenting education was effective in reducing behavioral disorders of children and in reducing parenting stress within child and parent domain. This was also persistent significantly in one month follow up stage (P<0.05).The findings of the study support the view that mindful parenting education and drug therapy can help reduce behavioral problems in children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and parenting stress of their mothers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
283 - The Determination of the Share of Self-differentiation, Trust, Shame,and Guilt in the Prediction of Marital Adjustment
Salman zarei kiumars farahbakhsh masomeh esmaeiliThe aim of this study was to determine the share of self-differentiation, trust, shame, and guilt in the prediction of marital adjustment. The research method was correlational-survey and a total of 150 married women, who were teachers in Noorabad were selected via si MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the share of self-differentiation, trust, shame, and guilt in the prediction of marital adjustment. The research method was correlational-survey and a total of 150 married women, who were teachers in Noorabad were selected via simple accidental sampling method. Data was collected by Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI), Test of Self Conscious Affect (TOSCA-2), Trust Scale (TS), and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) then data was analyzed via correlation, SD, frequency, mode and stepwise regression analysis. Results showed that marital adjustment has a significant relationship with self differentiation, trust and guilt (P < 0.01). Also the results showed that there is not a significant relationship between guilt and marital adjustment (P < 0.01). Results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the combination of self differentiation, trust and shame was significantly predictive of the variance of marital adjustment and predicted 35 percent of variance of marital adjustment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
284 - The Relationship Between 6 to 8 year Oldchildren's dental fear and their parents' fear
shahrzad Javadinejad Sanaz Tahmourespour Davood Ghasemi Fatemeh YazdiThis research was done with the aim of studying the relationship between 6-8 year old children’s dental fear and their parents' fear. The research method was correlation, and the statistical sample consisted of 107 children between 6 to 8 years old who referred to Isl MoreThis research was done with the aim of studying the relationship between 6-8 year old children’s dental fear and their parents' fear. The research method was correlation, and the statistical sample consisted of 107 children between 6 to 8 years old who referred to Islamic Azad Khorasgan University dental clinic, together with their parents in2010- 2011(1390-91s.c.) academicyear. The sampling method was purposeful. The measuring instruments included Children's' Fear Survey Schedule– Dental Subscale (CFSSS-DS) (Cutberth & Melamed 1982), for evaluating children's fear, the Modified Dental anxiety Scale(MDAS) ( Humphriset al., 1995) for evaluating parents' fear and Frankle Behavior Rating Scale (Frankleet al., 1962), for evaluating children’s behavior during dental procedures. The first and second questionnaires were filled by child's parents and the third one was filled by the dentist. The analysis of data was done by Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient and independent t. The findings showed that there was a direct significant correlation between children`s fear and their parents’ fear scores (P < 0.001) .There was also a negative significant correlation between CFSS-DS and Frankle Behavior Rating Scale (P < 0.001) . According to the results, among the 6 to 8 year old children, parents’ fear can affect their children’s dental fear and also the extent of child’s collaboration with the dentist . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
285 - The Effect of Teaching Positive Parenting Program to Mothers on Self-control Skills of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Primary School
Ezatollah Ghadampour Tahere Rahimipour Masoome ZangiabadiThe goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of teaching positive parenting program (Triple-P) on self-control skills of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) This semi-experimental study employed a pre-test,<span style="li MoreThe goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of teaching positive parenting program (Triple-P) on self-control skills of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) This semi-experimental study employed a pre-test,<span style="line-height: 125%; font-family:;" dir="RTL" new="" b="" major-bidi;="" minor-fareast;="" 11pt;="" ar-sa;="" lotus";="" roman";"="" "times="" roman";="" en-us;=""> post-test, with control group design. Population included all mothers who consecutively referred to the child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of Isfahan in 2014_2015 academic year and had at least one child with clinically diagnosed ADHD within the age range of 6 to 12. Then, 30 mothers were selected through convenient sampling method and randomly allocated in one experimental and one control group (15 each). The research instrument was the Self-control Questionnaire (Kendall and Wilcox’s, 1979). The experimental group received group psychotherapy for 8 sessions and the questionnaire was completed by the teachers of children’s both groups of mothers, in pre-test, post-test and follow up. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The research results showed that using positive parenting program (Triple-P) in post-test increases self-control skills of children with ADHD (P=0.0001). The follow up findings also revealed that there are significant differences between the control and experimental groups in the variable under study (P=0.0001). The findings suggested that positive parenting program is effective on self-control skills of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
286 - Analysis of Structural Relationships of Self-differentiation Training With Test Anxiety and Self-efficacy Beliefs
طهمورث آقاجانی سارا نعیمی بهزاد شوقیThe aim of the present research was the analysis the structural relationships of self-differentiation training with exam anxiety and self-efficacy beliefs among female students in Saveh city. The statistical Population of research included 470 female students in Saveh MoreThe aim of the present research was the analysis the structural relationships of self-differentiation training with exam anxiety and self-efficacy beliefs among female students in Saveh city. The statistical Population of research included 470 female students in Saveh city during the academic year of 2011-12 . By using Cochran formula and classified random sampling method, 114 students were considered as the sample size. Measuring tools were Self- Differentiation Questionnaire (DSI-R) (Skorown & Schmitt , 2003), Test Anxiety Questionnaire (Sarason, 1984), and Child and Adolescent Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SEQ-C), (Muris, 2002). Data analysis was conducted by using structural equations modeling method and with Smart PlS2 and software Lisrel 8.8 in two parts. In the first part, technical characteristics of reliability , convergent validity, and divergent validity were examined and necessary corrections were made. In the second part, the significance of coefficients of software were used to evaluate the research hypotheses . The results showed that self-differentiation have significant effect on the degree of student anxiety (P < 0.01) and also the mediating role that self-efficacy plays in the relationship between self- differentiation and student anxiety. It may be said that self- differentiation have significant effects on self-efficacy (P < 0.01) and self-efficacy on the degree of exam anxiety (P < 0.01) . Also, all the sub hypotheses that measured the effect of self- differentiation dimensions ( emotional reactions, mingling with others, personal positions and emotional faulting ) on the degree of test anxiety were confirmed (P < 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
287 - The Effectiveness of Group Positive Parenting Program on Parental Stress of Mothers of Children with Autism Disorder
javad saberi mancoreh bachrame por amir ghmarane achmad yar mochmadianThe goal of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of "group positive parenting program" on parental stress of mothers of children, aged six to twelve, with autism disorder in 2012 (1391 s.c.). This semi-experimental study was conducted as pre-test and post- MoreThe goal of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of "group positive parenting program" on parental stress of mothers of children, aged six to twelve, with autism disorder in 2012 (1391 s.c.). This semi-experimental study was conducted as pre-test and post-test with control group. Statistical population included all methers of children with autism disorder in the city of Isfahan. From among these mothers, 30 mothers were randomly selected and put into the experimental and control groups of 15 persons each. The parenting Stress index (PSI) questionnaire (Abidin, 1990) was the instrument of this study. First, the pretest was conducted on the two groups. Then, the experimental group was exposed to an eight-session training of group positive parenting program based on Sanders pattern these sessions were weekly held in group. At the end, the post-test was applied on both groups. The results of Covariance analysis indicated that group positive parenting program has significantly decreased parenting stress in the realm of parents (P < 0.05) and the realms of child (P < 0.05) and there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of the parenting stress of the mothers of children with autism disorder (P < 0.05). The mean of stress in the experimental group was lower than the mean of the control group. Also, the mean of competences in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. Thus, the effectiveness of group positive parenting program on decreasing the level of parental stress of mothers of children with autism disorder was confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
288 - Modeling the Causal Relationships Between Parenting style and communication pattern Family, Commitment School and Self-esteem on Potential to Addiction among Secondary school Girls in Abadan
شهلا ذهبیون محبوبه سادات حسینی سلطان نصیرThis study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between family, school and self-esteem on potential to addiction among first grade high school female students In the academic year 93-1392. Research statistical population was consisted of female students in Abad MoreThis study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between family, school and self-esteem on potential to addiction among first grade high school female students In the academic year 93-1392. Research statistical population was consisted of female students in Abadan high schools which among them 518 persons were selected multi-stage cluster sampling method as a sample. The instruments consisted of 5 questionnaires Potential to addiction Zargar (2006), Perceived parenting styles ((EMBU-S Dirik, Yorulmaz & Karanci (2014), Patterns of family communication Fitzpatrich & Ritchie (1994), Self-esteem Rosenberg (1965) and Commitment to school Mohammad khani (2007). SPSS and AMOS software were used for path analysis to assess the causal modeling. The results showed that there was a direct relationship < /font> between the components of the parenting style of warmth, overprotection and rejection with potential to addiction. In addition, conversation of the family communication patterns have direct and conformity have indirect relationship < /font> with potential to addiction. As well, There was direct and indirect relationships between school's commitment with potential so as to addiction. According to the results, designed preventive interventions can prevent potential to addiction to improve relations among family and adolescents and to strengthen the emotional bond between parents and adolescents and to create belonging and commitment to school in adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
289 - Spiritual modeling self-efficacy, perception of parentʼs religiousness and personality traits as predictors of students´s religiousness
hamideh ghasemi esmaeil hashemi مهناز مهرابی زاده هنرمند ایران داودی عبدالزهرا نعامیThe purpose of this study was to explore the role of the spiritual modeling self-efficacy, perception of Parent's religiousness and personality traits in predicting student's religiousness. The research was descriptive and correlational. The population consisted MoreThe purpose of this study was to explore the role of the spiritual modeling self-efficacy, perception of Parent's religiousness and personality traits in predicting student's religiousness. The research was descriptive and correlational. The population consisted of all bachelor students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Through randomized multistage sampling, 200 students were selected as the sample. Data gathering was done by Azarbayjani Religiousness questionnaire (2003), Oman & et al Spiritual Modeling Self-efficacy Scale (2012) and Ashton and Lee HEXACO Personality Scale (2009). The data was analyzed via step by step multiple regression. In general, results showed that religiousness is predicted by spiritual modeling self-efficacy, perception of Parent's religiousness and personality traits (honesty-humility and Conscientiousness) (P < 0.01). By nurturing recommended personality traits and by strengthening spiritual modeling self-efficacy, religious parents pave the way for their children’s religiosity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
290 - Effectiveness of parental group training with using Satirâs family therapy approach on improvement of emotional condition of female studentsâ families in secondary schools, district 2 in Kerman.
hadis rashidinejad mostafa tabrizi abdolah shafiabadiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parental group training using Satir’s family therapy approach on family emotional conditions. It was a semi-empirical study including pre and post tests with a control group. Statistical population incl MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parental group training using Satir’s family therapy approach on family emotional conditions. It was a semi-empirical study including pre and post tests with a control group. Statistical population included all female students in secondary schools, district 2 in Kerman in 2011-2012. 30 students were selected among population with cluster multi-stage random sampling method and they were placed randomly in two equal experimental (15 person) and control groups (15 person). In order to gather data, a questionnaire of family emotional condition was used, it was developed by Hilburn, 1964. At first, the pre test was implemented on both groups, then parents of the experimental group were trained during 8 sessions, in 90 minutes and no intervention was used for the control group, after training was finished, post test was implemented on both groups. The obtained data using the SPSS-19 software was analyzed through covariance analysis. Results showed that there was a significant effect in parental group training using Satir’s family therapy approach on the improvement of family emotional condition (P < 0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
291 - The relationship between parent personality characteristics and family function and metabolic control in type 1 diabetic children
افسانه صبحی حسن احدی سدالله رجب مسعود حجازیThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between parental personality characteristics and family functioning with metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin) in type 1 diabetic children. Research method was correlation and statistical populat MoreThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between parental personality characteristics and family functioning with metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin) in type 1 diabetic children. Research method was correlation and statistical population included parents with type 1 diabetic children who were the members of Iran Diabetes Association, and also parents with healthy children were included, among them 211 parents with type 1 diabetic children and 220 parents with healthy children were chosen by simple and cluster random sampling. The assessment tools included the Big Five Personality Questionnaire (Costa & McCrae, 1989), McMaster Family Assessment Device (Epstein et al, 1983) and questions on children metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin). Data were analyzed using multiple regression analyses (stepwise) and multivariate analyses of variance. Results showed significant positive relationship between neuroticism of mothers and family dysfunction in affective involvement dimension to glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic children (P < 0/01). Parents with diabetic children were higher neuroticism and lower extroversion than parents with healthy children. In addition, parents with diabetic children had significant difference in roles, affective responsiveness, and affective involvement dimensions in comparison with parents with healthy children (P < 0/01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
292 - The effect of Barkley’s parenting program on mental health of mothers of boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in elementary school(7-12) in Isfahan
Mahin Sadat Kadkhodaie Ahmad Ahmadi Ahmad AbediThe purpose of this research was to study the effect of Barkley’s parenting program education on mental health of mothers of boys 7 to 12 years old,with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, in elementary school. The research was semi experimental with P MoreThe purpose of this research was to study the effect of Barkley’s parenting program education on mental health of mothers of boys 7 to 12 years old,with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, in elementary school. The research was semi experimental with Pre-test, post-test and with experimental and control group. The sample of research were 30 mothers of boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. They were selected randomly from of school boys in Isfahan. They were tested in terms of attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder, all of whom had scores above average. Then their mothers purposefully were selected and then randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Mothers in the experimental group received 8 sessions of Barkley’s parenting education .The subjects Were evaluated by the Mental Health Inventory (before and after intervention), The research hypothesis was that Barkley’s parenting education has effect on mental health of mothers of boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The data were analyzed using the Multivariate covariance.The results showed that Barkley’s parenting education was significantly effective on improving the mental health of mothers in the experimental group (P<0.0005). The results also showed that the program was significantly effective on three subscales of mental health: Somatic symptoms, anxiety and sleep disorders, and depression(P<0.0005). The results related to social functioning subscale represents have not change scores(P>0.081),and The intervention could not have been effective on the following scale. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
293 - Effectiveness of Teaching Problem-Solving Skills on Parental Stress and Parenting Style
Mohsen Shokoohi-Yekta Akram Parand Saeed Akbari ZardkhanehThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching problem-solving skills on reducing parental stresses and parenting style. The study used quasi experimental method with single group, pre-test, post-test design. Statistical population includ MoreThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching problem-solving skills on reducing parental stresses and parenting style. The study used quasi experimental method with single group, pre-test, post-test design. Statistical population included all the parents of students in non-profit schools in Tehran which 33 parents were selected by available sampling method. Instruments included two questionnaires, level of parental stresses (Shokoohi-Yekta and Parand, 2006) and parenting styles stresses (Shokoohi-Yekta and Parand, 2006). Parents participated in the Raising a Thinking Child Workshop. In this workshop, parents learned problem solving strategies to change their cognitive processes when they encounter challenging behaviors of their children and to respond appropriately to them. Workshop consisted of 10 sessions, each two hours per week. Participants completed the instruments in pretest (start of the training) and post test (end of the training) stages. The results of analysis of multi variance (P < 0.05, η2=0.55) showed that training significantly improved three parenting styles: Punishment, Suggestion without explanation, and Problem Solving. Therefore it was concluded that teaching problem solving to parents can be applied as a way of improving their parenting style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
294 - Career Indecision in Boys: The Role of Individual Factors and Parenting Styles
Nayere Parishany Parisa NilforooshanThe purpose of this study was to explore the role of parenting styles, career decision making self-efficacy, and emotional intelligence on male young adults’ career indecision. The research used correlational design. The statistical population involved all boy studen MoreThe purpose of this study was to explore the role of parenting styles, career decision making self-efficacy, and emotional intelligence on male young adults’ career indecision. The research used correlational design. The statistical population involved all boy students studying in high schools of Isfahan city. Using multi-stage cluster sampling, 200 students selected randomly, from 4 high schools located in the 4 and 5 educational districts of the Isfahan. Research instruments involved emotional intelligence questionnaire, Petrides and Furenham (2002), career decision making self-efficacy, Tylor and Betz (1983), the career indecision questionnaire, Osipow, Caney and Barak (1976), and parenting styles questionnaire, Baumrind (1988). The first three questionnaire completed by students and the last one completed by their mothers. Pearson correlation test and stepwise regression analysis were employed in data analysis. The results of stepwise regression showed that authoritative style, career decision making self-efficacy, emotional intelligence and the permissive style can predict career indecision respectively (P < 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
295 - The Effectiveness of Group Training of the Reforming Parenting Styles Based on Mothers, Maladjustment Schemas on Improving Behavioral Problems among Preschool Children in Isfahan City
Mina Daneshmand khorasgani Zahra YousefiThis study investigated the effectiveness of group training of the reforming parenting styles based on mothers` maladjustment schemas on improving behavioral problems among preschool children in Isfahan city. The study was a semi-experimental research (pre-test and post MoreThis study investigated the effectiveness of group training of the reforming parenting styles based on mothers` maladjustment schemas on improving behavioral problems among preschool children in Isfahan city. The study was a semi-experimental research (pre-test and post-test) with a control group. Its statistical populations include all mothers whose children suffer from behavioral disorders in Isfahan city. For this purpose, based 40 people from among the mothers whose children had the sign of behavioral disorders were selected based on convenient sampling and were categorized into two experimental and control groups. Rutter`s child behavior questionnaire was used for data collection. 8 sessions of reforming the parenting styles based on reforming maladjustment schemas were hold for the experimental group while the control group received no specific training. To analyze the data, by the use of the mean and standard deviation of data and also multivariate covariance, the research hypotheses have been analyzed. Therefore, based on the total results of the general research, it can be concluded that reforming parenting style based on mother`s maladjustment schemas on improving has a significant effect in the reduction of behavioral disorders of their child (p<0.05) and can be applied as an effective intervention method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
296 - Efficacy of anger management training on hostility and well- being of parents
Mohsen Shokoohi-Yekta Saeed Akbari Zardkhaneh maryam Mahmoodi Dina DashtiThe purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of anger managementprogram on hostility and well-being of parents. For this reason, anger controlworkshops were presented for parents of elementary school children. Thisresearch utilized a semi experimental pre-post MoreThe purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of anger managementprogram on hostility and well-being of parents. For this reason, anger controlworkshops were presented for parents of elementary school children. Thisresearch utilized a semi experimental pre-post tests single group design.Sample consisted of an available group containing 84 parents of students (5group) in private schools in the city of Tehran. Anger control methods calledFireworks program, based oncognitive-behavioral approach, was taught with an emphasis onparent-child relationship. Hostility and Well-being of the participants weremeasured using Redford-Williams Hostility Inventory (RWHI) and Mental HealthInventory (MHI-28). Results indicated significant effects on hostility,psychological distress and psychological well-being. Finally, we may concludethat anger management, as an effective and functional intervention, could beused to diminish psychological distress and to enhance psychologicalwell-being. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
297 - The effect of behavioral training of mothers with conduct disorder children on behavior performance problems in their children
Mohammad Ali Goodarzi Raziyeh Hashemi Mohammad Reza TaghaviThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of behavior parent (mother) training of children with conduct disorder on behavior performance of their children. Twenty-four mothers of children with a diagnosis of conduct disorder were selected using conve MoreThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of behavior parent (mother) training of children with conduct disorder on behavior performance of their children. Twenty-four mothers of children with a diagnosis of conduct disorder were selected using convenient sampling method. The simple were divided into control and experimental groups (12 mothers in each group). Both groups completed CBCL, Behavior Performance Questionnaires. In the next step the experimental group participated in behavior parent training (ten sessions). At the end of the training both groups completed the questionnaires at the post test phase. The data were analyzed whit ANCOVA. The results showed that behavior parent training improved behavior performance (p<0.05). It can be concluded that behavior parent training to mothers, could decrease the behavioral problems of their children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
298 - prediction smoking cigarette due to variables, parenting and life style in male student in Islamic azad university of khomeinishahr
hadi barati Fateme Rezaei Habialah KarimzadehThe purpose of this research was to forecast of tendency to smoking cigarette in male student with variables, parenting and life style boy students in Islamic Azad University of khomeinishahr. research design Correlational was predictable. The population consisted of al MoreThe purpose of this research was to forecast of tendency to smoking cigarette in male student with variables, parenting and life style boy students in Islamic Azad University of khomeinishahr. research design Correlational was predictable. The population consisted of all male students of Islamic Azad University of khomeinishahr in the summer of 1394 were among which number 357 were available for sampling. Research tools include: scale of attitud towards smoking cigarette (Shore، 2000), questionnaire of life style (Miller and smiths، 1988), questionnaire of parenting (Bamrind، 1972) were used by means of step by step regression resu lts were analized. the final step of analysis Stepwise regression the showed that destroyed components of parenting styles, permissiveness practices and authoritarian positively forecast and logical manner negative relationship have a significant. And of the lifestyle, the style predictions significant negative economic and beliefs and culture has a significant positive prediction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
299 - The Effectiveness of Group Positive Parenting Program on Parental Stress and Mother-Child Interaction of Mother of Children with Nocturnal Enuresis
Arezu kabiri Mehrdad KalantariThe present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of teaching positive parenting on the parents' stress and child-mother relationships in mothers of children with enuresis. Therefore, in a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group type, MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of teaching positive parenting on the parents' stress and child-mother relationships in mothers of children with enuresis. Therefore, in a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group type, 30 mothers of 5-12 year-old children with enuresis referred to therapy centers were selected through available sampling method and they were randomly put into experimental and control groups (teaching positive parenting). Teaching positive parenting was administered in 8 ninety-minute sessions on the experimental group. All subjects responded to parents' stress and mother-child relationships questionnaires before intervention and at the end of it. The results of COVARIANCE analyses showed that teaching positive parenting was effective on parental stress (p<0.0006) and mother-child relationship (p<0.0001). According to the achieved results it can be proposed that teaching positive parenting leads to the decrease of the intensity of parental stress and improving child-mother relationships in the mothers of children with enuresis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
300 - Prediction of Elementary School Student’s Machiavellian Beliefs by Parenting Styles The Prediction of Machiavellian beliefs of elementary students based on parenting styles
zahra eshami chehrazi Maryam Ghorbani Asghar AghaeiThe purpose of this research was to explore the role of the children's Machiavellian beliefs in predicting parenting styles. The research method was descriptive statistical population included all fourth and fifth grade elementary school students and their mothers in th MoreThe purpose of this research was to explore the role of the children's Machiavellian beliefs in predicting parenting styles. The research method was descriptive statistical population included all fourth and fifth grade elementary school students and their mothers in the academic year in Isfahan in 2014-2015. Therefore 361 (177 boys and 184 girls) elementary school students and their mothers were selected as the sample using cluster random sampling from the five areas of education.Research tools included Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Baumrind, 1972) and Machiavellian Beliefs Scale for Children (Christie & Geis, 1970).The data was analyzed using by stepwise regression. The results of regression analysis showed that authoritarian parenting style is 16% can predict Machiavellian beliefs in this level (p< 0.01). According to the results of this study can be said the authoritarian parenting style has a negative effect on children’s Cognitive development and their social behaviors because of its authoritarian governing structure, lack of discussion, and Lack of attention to children's needs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
301 - The effect of assertiveness training on quality of life and differentiation of dormitory female university students
fateme poursadegh simindokht rezakhaniThe purpose of this research was to determine the effect of assertiveness training on quality of life and differentiation in the female students of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen, who lived in dormitory. It was a quasi-experimental research involving pre- and post- MoreThe purpose of this research was to determine the effect of assertiveness training on quality of life and differentiation in the female students of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen, who lived in dormitory. It was a quasi-experimental research involving pre- and post-testing. The statistical population consisted of all female students who lived in the dormitory of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen during the second semester of academic year 2014-15. Thirtyfemale students who received low scores in The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) scale (Ware & Sherburne,1992) and the Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised (DSI-R) (Skowron& Friedlander,1998) were selected via convenience sampling and then were randomly placed into two equal-size groups: the experimental and the control group. The experimental group was trained on assertiveness as an independent variable in eight hour-long sessions (twice a week). The results of multivariate analysis of covarianceshowed that assertivenesstraining significantly affected quality of life and differentiation in the members of the experimental group. In other words, quality of life and differentiation were found out to be higher among the students who received assertiveness training in comparison to the ones who did not (p<0/01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
302 - Meta-Analysis of Effectiveness of Triple P-Positive Parenting Program on reduction of Externalizing Disorders in children and parenting problems
mansoureh bahramipourThe goal of this study is meta-analysis of researches about effectiveness of Triple P-Positive Parenting Program on reduction of Externalizing Disorders in children and parenting problems. This study with meta-analysis or integrating the results of different studies, de MoreThe goal of this study is meta-analysis of researches about effectiveness of Triple P-Positive Parenting Program on reduction of Externalizing Disorders in children and parenting problems. This study with meta-analysis or integrating the results of different studies, determine the effect size of Triple P-Positive Parenting Program on reduction of Externalizing Disorders in children and parenting problems. For this purpose out of 12 studies,11 studies which have proper methodology were selected and meta-analysis conducted on them. The research instrument was meta-analysis checklist. This study includes 306 subjects and 11 effect sizes. The results of meta-analysis indicated high significant effect size for triple p-positive parenting program on reduction of externalizing disorders in children and parenting problems(d= 0/82, p= 0/00001). According to Cohen’s table its high effect size, and it means of intervention have proper effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
303 - The Effectiveness of Training Towards Parenting Program on Improvement of Attachment and Perceived Social Support in Primipara Women
sajedeh sokhanvar ali kimiaee zohreh sepehri shamlooThe present study has done to investigate the effictivness of training towards parenting program on improvement of perceived social support and attachment in primipara women at neishabour city. Method of study was semi-experimental that has been conducted with pre-test, MoreThe present study has done to investigate the effictivness of training towards parenting program on improvement of perceived social support and attachment in primipara women at neishabour city. Method of study was semi-experimental that has been conducted with pre-test, post-test and control group. Population of study concludes all of referring primipara women to healthy centers in 2015 at Neishabour. Sample of study concludes 70 referring primipara women to 6 health centers of Neishabour, among them 16 cases were suitable that arranged in 2 groups of experimental & control (8 for each one) randomly. Examinees responsed to the quessionaries of Social Support (Zimet & et al, 1988) and Attachment Style (Collins & Read, 1990). The Towards Parenting Program was thought in 8 Sessions (1hour 30 minutes). For measurement of social support has used Multidimensional Scale of Percieved Social Support (MSPSS) included 12 questions and for measurement of attachment style has used Collins & Read Attachment Style quessionary included 18 questions. The results indicate that group education of Towards Parenting Program doesn’t have significant effectiveness on improvement of attachment style and social support in primipara women. Because of being educational and few numbers of sessions, Towards Parenting Program cannot lead to improvement of perceived social support and change of avoidant and anxious attachment style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
304 - Investigation of the effect of school cohesion on bullying with the mediation of parenting styles in secondary high school male students
Ezzatollah ghaampour Masood Sadeghi samira ghare veysi Majid SoleimaniThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of school cohesion on bullying with the mediation of parenting styles. The research method is descriptive and of correlational type. All secondary high school male students in Sanandaj at the number of 7618, who st MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of school cohesion on bullying with the mediation of parenting styles. The research method is descriptive and of correlational type. All secondary high school male students in Sanandaj at the number of 7618, who studied in the first semester of the 2018-2019 academic years formed a statistical population of the study, among which 366 students accidentally entered the sample in several stages. The research tools included Espelage & Holt's bullying scale (2001), school cohesion scale of Springer et al. (2009) and Bumrind’s parenting styles questionnaire (1972). The statistical method used was multiple regression analysis and path analysis. According to the findings, the direct effect of school cohesion on victimization, bullying, powerful parenting style and authoritarian parenting style (P <0.01) was significant. The indirect effect of school cohesion on victimization mediated by authoritarian parenting style was significant (P <0.05). The indirect effect of school cohesion on bullying mediated by powerful and authoritarian parenting styles was significant (P <0.05). The results show the importance of school and parenting styles in controlling passive and active behaviors in bullying. Therefore, bullying can be reduced by teaching parents how to use the right parenting style and teaching teachers how to increase their interest and attract students to school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
305 - Comparison of parenting skills in mothers with and without chronic pain
parisa moradikelardeh Vahid Sadeghi Firoozabadi mohsen dehghani mahmood heidariThe aim of this study was to investigate the differences parenting skills in mothers with chronic pain and healthy mothers. This study was causal-comparative and its statistical population was included all women referred to the Pain Clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehr MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the differences parenting skills in mothers with chronic pain and healthy mothers. This study was causal-comparative and its statistical population was included all women referred to the Pain Clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran. Sixty-two mothers with chronic pain and Fifty-eight healthy mothers were evaluated by convenience sampling method and using Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (Frick, 1999) and Von Korff Questionnaire (Von Korff, 1990). The data were analyzed by analysis of variance. Statistical analysis showed that there is significant difference between mothers with chronic pain and healthy mothers in involvement, positive parenting, Inconsistent discipline and poor supervision (P<. /05), but there was no difference in punishment (P>./05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
306 - The Effect of Training Choice Theory Principles and Training ACT Principles on Self-differentiation in High School Students
Golnar Sadeghnia Mohammad Reza Zarbakhsh Bahri Shohreh Ghorban ShiroudiThis study aimed to compare the effect of training choice theory principles and training ACT principles on self-differentiation in high school students. The method was experimental with pre-test, post-test with control group and follow-up. The statistical population con MoreThis study aimed to compare the effect of training choice theory principles and training ACT principles on self-differentiation in high school students. The method was experimental with pre-test, post-test with control group and follow-up. The statistical population consisted all high school students in Rasht in academic year of 2019-2018. After assessing, 45 students who had self-differentiation below the cut-point were chosen and then randomly divided into three groups of 15, two intervention groups and a control group. For the first intervention group, the choice theory and for the second group ACT principals were taught in 8 sessions and the control group did not receive any training. After 3 month groups had follow-up. To determine the effect of the intervention program, a pre-test, post-test and follow-up were conducted using the Skowron & Schmitt (2003) Self-differentiation Test. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance (MANCOVA) analysis. The findings showed that intervention groups were significantly different in the post-test, compared to the control group in self-differentiation. The rate of self-differentiation increase after intervention and the size of this increase was higher in the choice theory group. The result showed that choice theory training has greater effect than ACT training on increasing self-differentiation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
307 - Instruction a psycho-educational intervention Program for mothers of premature infants and evaluating its effectiveness on parental stress and improvement of mother- infant relationship
somayeh habibpoor Gholam Ali afrooz mohsen skokohi yakta mohamad ali besharat valiolah farzad maryam nakhshabThe purpose of the present study was an Instruction of psycho-educational intervention program and its effectiveness on parental stress and the improvement of mother-infant relationship. This research was in fact an accidental clinical tria that which MoreThe purpose of the present study was an Instruction of psycho-educational intervention program and its effectiveness on parental stress and the improvement of mother-infant relationship. This research was in fact an accidental clinical tria that which was done in 2016.The statistical population of this study includes all mothers have a premature baby hospital of Mazandaran province , of these 40 mothers were selected by purposive sampling. And randomly divided into groups, control group and experimental group. Researcher- made Educational -psychological intervention program was twelve one-hour sessions. The tools used in this research were Parenting stress researcher made scale(2017)whose questions were selected from four scales of common parenting stress. And also a researcher made infant-mother interaction checklist(2017).It is worth mentioning that items of the checklist were selected from four checklist of common infant-mother interaction. To analyze the research data, Repeated measurement method and Multivariate analysis of variance were used.The results show that special psychological educational intervention for mothers of pre mature infants reduced the stress of parenting in mothers of premature infants and its three component such as parental disturbances, parental-infant disturbances and parental expectations (P < 0.01). And also improved mother-infant interaction(P<0.01). The results of follow-up tests showed that only component of sensitive behavior of mother-infant interaction has been affected(P < 0.05). The results of the study show psychoeducational intervention program reducing child stress and improving the mother-child relationship-baby has effect.Therefore, it is recommended to use this model of programs of mothers with premature babies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
308 - The phenomenological approach of adolescents' challenges to remarrying their parents
Zeinab Heidari Sudejani Maryam Gholamzadeh JofrehStudy of phenomenological approach the challenges of parental marriage from the perspective of adolescents can guide parents and adolescents towards a better life and better quality relationships between adolescents and their parents. The aim of this study was a phenome MoreStudy of phenomenological approach the challenges of parental marriage from the perspective of adolescents can guide parents and adolescents towards a better life and better quality relationships between adolescents and their parents. The aim of this study was a phenomenological approach to adolescents' challenges to remarrying their parents. This research was a qualitative phenomenological study and thematic analysis has been used to analyze the data. Data were theoretically saturated and analyzed through semi-structured interviews with 18 adolescent girls and boys aged 11 to 20 years using purposive sampling method. Five main themes including: examining adolescents' emotional issues, experiencing problems in the path of adjustment, examining adolescents' behavioral issues, the importance of family role and deterrence of socio-cultural issues in the path of adolescents' admission .According to the issues mentioned by adolescents can be obtained from five main themes and seventeen sub-themes, identify issues of interest to adolescents and give to parents, children and counselors to improve relationships and help with the challenges of remarriage. Family reunification and remarriage during adolescence can have a number of risk factors for children. Gaining information about adolescents' perspectives on this can provide a wealth of information for everyone. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
309 - Validation and standardization of Four Factor Parenting Questionnaire in mothers of elementairy school students
mojtaba rahimi hossein molavi Mojtaba Ansarishahidi akram dehghaniThe purpose of this study was to determine validation and standardization of Four Factor Parenting Questionnaire in mothers of elementary school students. Therefore 200 mothers who referred to the Psychological Services and counseling center of Isfahan ministry of MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine validation and standardization of Four Factor Parenting Questionnaire in mothers of elementary school students. Therefore 200 mothers who referred to the Psychological Services and counseling center of Isfahan ministry of Education were randomly through convenience sampling selected and were asked to answer the Baumrind Parenting Style Inventory (Baumrind) and the items of Four Factor Parenting Questionnaire that is designed by Shyny (2017) based on the eastern parenting cultural context. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four factor model fitted the data on the factors were named: Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive and Uninvolved (P-VALUE=0.00000). Also the concurrent validity coefficients of the questionnaire with the Baumrind Parenting Style Inventory were satisfactory. The cronbach alpha coefficients of the factors were also higher than .80. The results show that the Four Factor Parenting Questionnaire has appropriate characteristics and totally can be used in the Iranian sample and can use it for treatment aims and research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
310 - Predicting parenting styles based on educational motivation and critical thinking mediated by hardiness in second grade female students
parnian rezazadeh mahbobeh aslami Soroush AlimardaniThe aim of this study was to predict parenting styles based on educational motivation and critical thinking with respect to the mediating role of hardiness. The research method was applied research and its implementation method was descriptive (non-experimental) and the MoreThe aim of this study was to predict parenting styles based on educational motivation and critical thinking with respect to the mediating role of hardiness. The research method was applied research and its implementation method was descriptive (non-experimental) and the research design was relational - Correlation and mediator analysis. The statistical population of this study was female primary school students in KARAJ (district 4) in 2017, from which 400 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research data were collected through these ways: parenting style questionnaire (Baumrind, 1971), educational motivation questionnaire (Harter, 1980), Ricketts critical thinking orientation questionnaire (Ricketts, 2003) and Ahvaz Hardiness Inventory, (2000). In order to test the hypotheses and analyze the data, multiple regression and SOBEL test were used. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between dictatorial, authoritarian and negligent parenting styles with students' educational motivation and critical thinking (P = 0.001). Also, educational motivation and critical thinking were able to predict parenting styles due to their hardiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
311 - The role of interpersonal cognitive distortions, differentiation of self and interpersonal problems in predicting the organization of borderline personality in undergraduate student
Ghasem Askarizadeh masoud bagheri Maryam Arabnejd KhanukiBorderline personality disorder is characterized by features such as identity diffusion, primitive defense mechanisms, fear of intimacy, and reality-testing deficiencies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of components of interpersonal cognitive dist MoreBorderline personality disorder is characterized by features such as identity diffusion, primitive defense mechanisms, fear of intimacy, and reality-testing deficiencies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of components of interpersonal cognitive distortions, differentiation of self and interpersonal problems in predicting of borderline personality. For data analysis, stepwise multiple regression analysis was used. 318 undergraduate students were selected by random cluster sampling and filled the Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions (Hamamci & Büyüköztürk, 2004), Differentiation of Self (Skowron & Friedlander, 1998), Interpersonal Problems (Barkham, Hardy & Startup, 1994), and Borderline Personality Scale (Leichsenring, 1999). The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that among the components of cognitive distortions, the expectation of rejection (R2= 0.20), among the components of differentiation, emotional cutoff (R2=0.34), and among The components of interpersonal problems, aggression (R2=0/15), had the most role in explaining the borderline personality (p< 0/01), which in this study were presented as " triad spacing mechanism " in the borderline personality. Also in borderline personality organization in the component of identity diffusion, cut-off (R2=0/21) in defense mechanisms, reactivity (R2=0/22), in fear of intimacy, cut-off (R2=0/34) and in reality testing, misperception (R2=0/23), had a greater role in explanation (p< 0/01). Considering these dimensions can be useful in redefining borderline personality disorder as a distance personality in preventing and intervening in treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
312 - The Effect of Hope Center Parenting Training on Parental Self-Efficacy of Mothers of Preschool Children
Mehdi Mazaheri Tehrani Mohamad Masoud Dayarian fatemeh javadzadeh shahshahaniThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of hope center parenting training on parental self-efficacy of mothers of preschool children. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test and follow-up with experimental and control groups. The statist MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of hope center parenting training on parental self-efficacy of mothers of preschool children. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test and follow-up with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study was preschool children s mothers in Isfahan in 2020, of which 30 mothers were screened through accessible sampling. Finally, 30 mothers randomly assigned to the experimental group(15 mothers) and the control group(15 mothers). The applied instruments included Instructional Hope Center Parenting Package(researcher-made) and Berkekeys Self-efficacy Questionary(second version, 2005). Participants in both groups completed Berkekeys Qelf-efficacy Questionary in three stages. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance in spss software. The results indicated the effect of the hope center parenting on the score of positive parental self-efficacy in the post-test stage and the stability of this effect was in the follow-up stage. These results suggest evidence that training of the hope center parenting to increase parental self-efficacy in mothers. This research can be useful for psychologists and counselors in the field of parenting and choosing the type of intervention to educate parents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
313 - The effect of differentiation, attachment styles and family functioning on couple burnout mediated by emotional intelligence
sanaz kahnamouei azam fattahi malek mirhashemiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of differentiation, attachment styles and family functioning on couple burnout by mediating emotional intelligence. The research method is correlation. The statistical population of the study was all couples livin MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of differentiation, attachment styles and family functioning on couple burnout by mediating emotional intelligence. The research method is correlation. The statistical population of the study was all couples living in Tabriz with at least 5 years of common life, who were 25 to 60 years old. In the present study, 600 (300 couples) were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method (based on urban areas) in the first stage of the community. And if they have entry criteria including age range of 25-60 years; the duration of marriage is at least 5 years; lack of mental disorders; lack of experience in counseling and psychological interventions in the last two years; and willingness to participate in research voluntarily, was selected as research sample. Couple Burnout (Pines, 1996) Family Measurement(Epstein, Baldwin & Bishop, 1983), Attachment Styles (Bartholomew & Horowitz 1991), Emotional Intelligence (Bradberry and Greaves, 2005)and Differentiation Questionnaires (Skoworon & Fridlander, 1998)were used to collect data. Questionnaires were administered to 300 couple and data analysis was performed on 300 units (average scores of each couple). The results of path analysis showed that the components of differentiation have an indirect effect on marital boredom mediated by emotional intelligence(P< 0.05). Also Differentiation has a direct effect on boredom (P< 0.05). According to the results, components of family functioning have an indirect effect on marital boredom mediated by emotional intelligence(P< 0.05). Also components of family functioning have a direct effect on boredom(P< 0.05). According to the results, attachment styles have an indirect effect on marital boredom mediated by emotional intelligence(P< 0.05). Also, attachment styles have a direct effect on couple burnout(P< 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
314 - The Effectiveness of Positive discipline with Adler-Dreikurs Approach on parenting stress in mothers of students with specific learning disabilities
Seyyed Amir Ghasemtabar Daneshmand, Badrosadat Fateme-sadat Hosseini Ali NajarpourianThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive discipline with Adler-Dreikurs Approach on parenting stress in mothers of students with specific learning disabilities. The design of this study is experimental with pre-test- post-test- follow up and control MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive discipline with Adler-Dreikurs Approach on parenting stress in mothers of students with specific learning disabilities. The design of this study is experimental with pre-test- post-test- follow up and control group. The statistical population of the present research includes all mothers of the 3rd to 6th grade elementary students with learning disabilities in Tehran's 3rd district in 2017-2018 academic year, among whom 32 mothers were selected as research sample by random sampling method and assigned to experimental and control group randomly. Intervention group received Positive discipline training for eight weeks (one 2-hour session per week). Control group received none. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire, and Parental Stress Index, Short Form were used for gathering the data. Results of the mixed variance analysis showed significant reduction in mothers' parenting stress score of the experimental group in post-test and follow up (P< 0/001). The manner of the effect of Positive discipline with Adler-Dreikurs Approach on parenting stress in mothers of students with specific learning disabilities was discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
315 - The effectiveness of play therapy based on the relationship parent child (Filial Therapy) on addiction to computer games, and aggression in preschoolers
maryam soltani Hadi FarhadiThe aim of this research is Teaching play therapy based on the parent – child relationship (Filial Therapy) to mothers of preschool children and and its effects on computers game addiction and aggression in their children. Statistical population MoreThe aim of this research is Teaching play therapy based on the parent – child relationship (Filial Therapy) to mothers of preschool children and and its effects on computers game addiction and aggression in their children. Statistical population of this research includes all mothers of preschool children with addiction to computer games Were randomly assigned to either experimental or control groups.The instrument used in this research were addiction to commuter games questionnaire (Farhadi (1395), (parents form), and Vahedi et al. (1999), aggression scale of preschool children (parent form). The participants in two stage of pretest and posttest were answered to research instruments.The experimental group subjected to 10 sessions (2 hour), filial therapy education.The results of this research showed that, filial therapy training to mothers were effective to reduce addiction sign to computer games (p<0.01), children aggression (p<0.05), verbal aggression (P <0.01), and impulsive aggression (P <0.05).Accordingly focusing on educations related to parents was recommended as a strategy to reduce children’s extreme tendency to play computer games. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
316 - The qualitative study of transmitted shame and guilt feeling from parents in male adolescents with history of Self- injury
Ali Gharadaghi Iraj Hamrang salaam rahimiThis study was conducted with the aim of knowing the views of Self-injury adolescents about the feelings of guilt and shame transmitted from their parents to make them aware of the nature of this subject. This study was a qualitative one and statistical population was w MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of knowing the views of Self-injury adolescents about the feelings of guilt and shame transmitted from their parents to make them aware of the nature of this subject. This study was a qualitative one and statistical population was whole high schools of Baneh' city that selected three schools by cluster random sampling method. After screening, 7 male teenage students with self-harming behavior were interviewed.The main method of data collection was semi-structured interviews and data were analyzed by inductive qualitative content analysis method. The validity of this study was rooted in four pillars: "Credibility, Transmissibility, Confidentiality and Confidence." The six of intrinsic were extracted and in the three main categories, including the type of guilty and shameful feelings, the sources of transferring feelings of guilt and shame and the consequences of the transfer of feeling guilty and shame were categorized. The Kind of thoughts (expectations) and negative behaviors of parents played a key role in the formation of negative emotions such as guilt and shame of adolescents and their tendency towards Self-mutilation behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
317 - Pathological study of the impact of virtual networks and the Internet on parental and marital relationships of couples: A qualitative study
Ebrahim Mohammadi hassan khoshakhlagh elahe JalaliThe aim of the study was to investigate the qualitativestudy to impact of virtual networks and the Internet on parenting and marital relationships. The research method was of qualitative phenomenological method and statistical population of Isfahan couples in the year 2 MoreThe aim of the study was to investigate the qualitativestudy to impact of virtual networks and the Internet on parenting and marital relationships. The research method was of qualitative phenomenological method and statistical population of Isfahan couples in the year 2019, were selected by Snowball sampling method . The research tool was a semi-structured interview that the sample reached saturated with 14 people (seven couples) In during the work, interviews recording and implementation and 1793 important phrases were coded and analyzed with Colaizzi analysis method. The problems of marriage and parenting related to virtual networks on a class (communication and marital problems), 3 categories (communication and emotional problems with children, extramarital relations and disruption of marital relations) and 16 conceptual codes were placed. The results showed that improper use caused communication and emotional problems with children, including "neglect of the child, children's complaints, behavioral and emotional problems"; Extramarital relationships include "seeking diversity and entitlement, mistrust, structural change and marital boundaries and virtual seduction." Disruption of marital relationships includes "sexual problems, marital burnout, emotional coldness, and behavioral-emotional problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
318 - Effect of parenting styles on conduct disorder (CD) with mediation of emotional and cognitive empathy in high school students
Saeede hedayat mohammad narimani seyfollah aghajani sajjad basharpoorThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of parenting styles on conduct disorder (CD) mediated by emotional and cognitive empathy in junior high school students. The statistical population included all male high school students in Kermanshah in the academic i MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of parenting styles on conduct disorder (CD) mediated by emotional and cognitive empathy in junior high school students. The statistical population included all male high school students in Kermanshah in the academic in 2020-2021, which was 234 students who obtained the highest scores in the pediatric symptoms questionnaire (parent form) (Gadow & Sprafkin, 2007) and They had the most symptoms of conduct disorder, were selected as a sample group based on multi-stage cluster sampling method, and participants completed the Alabama΄s parenting styles (Frick, 1991), the Baron-Cohen empathy quotient scale (Baron-Cohen & Wheelwrigh, 2004). Structural equation modeling on LISREL software was used to answer the hypotheses. The results of data analysis showed that direct and indirect path coefficients are significant in the research model (P <0.001). According to the findings of this study, efficient and inefficient parenting styles and emotional and cognitive empathy have a direct and significant effect on conduct disorder and efficient and inefficient parenting styles also have a direct and significant effect on emotional and cognitive empathy. Also, effective parenting style (positive parenting components and father participation) and inefficient parenting style (components of authority, poor supervision and corporal punishment) mediate emotional and cognitive empathy on students' conduct disorder indirectly. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that proper communication between parent and child enables the person to achieve emotional development and increases the ability to empathy and community friendly behavior in adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
319 - Structural model of Psychological Well-Being Based on Parental Stress and Rumination with the mediating role of family Resilience in mothers of exceptional children
Rezvan Homaei Azam Tabib zadehThe purpose of the present study was to determine the structural model of psychological well- The purpose of the present study was to determine the structural model of psychological well-being based on parental stress and rumination with the mediating role of family re MoreThe purpose of the present study was to determine the structural model of psychological well- The purpose of the present study was to determine the structural model of psychological well-being based on parental stress and rumination with the mediating role of family resilience in mothers of exceptional children. The research method was correlational and structural equation model. The statistical population of all mothers of exceptional children (blind, deaf, autistic and cerebral palsy) in Ahvaz in 1398 was 3562 people. 123 of them were selected by available sampling method. Data were collected using the Psychological Well-being Scale (Reef, 1989), Parenting Stress Index (Abidin, 1992), Rumination Scale (Nolen, Hoxma & Morrow, 1991), and Family Resilience Inventory (McCubbin & Thompson, 1986). Data were analyzed using path analysis of AMOS 23 software the results showed that there was an indirect relationship between parental stress and psychological well-being with the mediating role of family resilience (p 0.01), and between rumination with psychological well-being with the mediating role of family resilience (p 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
320 - The effect of academic buoyancy and academic self-handicapping on life satisfaction of second high school students mediating by adolescent perception of parenting educational methods
soheila sabzichy zabih pirani Firoozeh ZangenehThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of academic buoyancy and academic self- handicapping on life satisfaction of second high school students through the mediation of adolescent perception of parenting educational methods by path analysis. The statistical MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of academic buoyancy and academic self- handicapping on life satisfaction of second high school students through the mediation of adolescent perception of parenting educational methods by path analysis. The statistical population included students of Arak city who were studying mathematics, experimental and humanities in the Second Period public high schools and were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The number of sample people was considered as 719 students, considering the probability of failure in completing the questionnaires. Data collection tools included Academic Boyancy Questionnaire (Dehghanizadeh & Hossein Chari), Academic Self- handicapping (ASHS) ( Schwinger & Stiensmeier-Pelster), Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction (MSLSS) (Huebner) and Adolescent Perception of Parenting Educational Methods (POPS)( Robbins). The obtained data were analyzed by the structural equation model of latent variable type. In order to verify the model's fit, the values of the ratio of chi-square to degree of freedom, (RMSEA), (CFI), (NFI), (TLI), (IFI) and Cronbach's alpha were reported that indicate appropriate model reliability. Findings showed that buoyancy and academic self- handicapping have a direct and significant effect on life satisfaction and adolescent perception of parenting educational methods. The direct effect of the mediating variable on life satisfaction was also confirmed. By doing this research, by observing educational problems or lack of mental health and identifying the factors affecting it in students, appropriate programs can be implemented to increase life satisfaction in students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
321 - Comparing the effect of behavioral parenting training of mothers social skilled training of children on emotional regulation and behavioral symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in fourth grade male students
Farid Saeedeh hasan mirzahoseini Nader MonirpourThe aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of behavioral parenting training to mothers with training social skills to children on emotional regulation and symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in children. The method of this research was semi-experimenta MoreThe aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of behavioral parenting training to mothers with training social skills to children on emotional regulation and symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in children. The method of this research was semi-experimental and including pre-test-post-test designs with two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population of the study included fourth grade male students and their mothers who had referred to psychology clinics in Tehran District 5 between August and September 2020. From the mentioned community, 50 children with oppositional defiant disorder who met the inclusion criteria were selected and 45 of them were assigned to three groups of 15 according to Morgan table by purposive sampling method. The sessions of the experimental group consisted of 12 90-minute sessions in which children were taught social skills in one of the experimental groups. In the other experimental group, mothers of children received behavioral parenting training and the control group did not receive any intervention until the end of the study. In order to assess the participants, DSM 5 criteria were used to diagnose oppositional defiant disorder and the (Shields & Cicchetti, 1997) Emotion Regulation Checklist and (Achenbach's, 1991) Child Behavior Checklist. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics, analysis of covariance and pairwise comparison were used by Sidak test. The results showed that both methods were effective for emotional regulation and behavioral symptoms (P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed between the two methods for research variables and their dimensions (P>0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
322 - effectiveness of Imago Therapy Training on cognitive flexibility and parenting stress of couples with deaf children
ezzatollah ghaampour Kourosh Amrai Hafez Padervand Fateme BavazinPurpose: Evaluation of the effectiveness of Imago Therapy Training on cognitive flexibility and parenting stress of couples with deaf children aged 7-12 years in Khorramabad. Method: This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test and post-test. The statistic MorePurpose: Evaluation of the effectiveness of Imago Therapy Training on cognitive flexibility and parenting stress of couples with deaf children aged 7-12 years in Khorramabad. Method: This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all couples with deaf children aged 7 to 12 years who had a file in the welfare center of Khorramabad in 2021. From the statistical population, 30 people were randomly selected and then this number of subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Research data were collected using the Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire of Dena and Van der Waals (2010) and the Barry and Jones Parent Stress Questionnaire (1995). The experimental group underwent immatotherapy training for 10 sessions of 2 hours. Data were analyzed by multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance. Results: The results of the analysis of research data showed that imagotherapy therapy has been effective in increasing cognitive flexibility and reducing the stress of parenting couples (P <0/01). The results of this study indicated the useful application of imagotherapy education approach in improving cognitive flexibility and reducing parenting stress of couples with deaf children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
323 - The Effectivness of Paranting Training Based Acceptance and Commitment and Filialtherapy on Oppositional Defiant Disorder in Pre-school Children and Life Satisfaction of Mothers
daruosh jalali Asghar Aghaee Maryam ShamsipoorThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of parenting training based acceptance and commitment (ACT) and filialtherapy on oppositional defiant disorder in pre-school children in Shahrekord and life satisfaction of their mothers. The statistical populat MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of parenting training based acceptance and commitment (ACT) and filialtherapy on oppositional defiant disorder in pre-school children in Shahrekord and life satisfaction of their mothers. The statistical population of the study consisted of all mothers of pre-school children in Shahrekord, of whom 48 were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (each group was 16). The research instrument was Oppositional Defiant Disorder Questionnaire (Swanson et al., 2001) for children and Life Satisfaction (Diner et al., 1985) for mothers which were completed during three pre-test , post-test and 3-month follow-up stages. Data were analyzed using analysis repeated measure ANOVA. The results showed that intervention methods were effective on children and mothers' variables (P< .01). The results also showed that parenting training based ACT and filialtherapy was effective in reducing oppositional defiant disorder (P<0.01). At the same time, it was found, only that parenting training based ACT was effective in improving life satisfacion of the mothers (P <0.01). It was concluded that both interventional methods, especially parenting training based ACT, are effective for children's emotional behavioral problems and improving the life satisfaction of mothers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
324 - Predicting the Attitude to High Risk Behaviors Based on Brain Behavioral System and Personality Traits with Mediating Role of Parenting in Secondary school students of Qom Province
Bahar Moghaddami mohammad mehdi jahangiriThe aim of this study was to predict the tendency to high-risk behaviors based on brain-behavioral system and personality traits with the mediating role of parenting in Secondary school students in Qom province. The presented research is of correlational type and the st MoreThe aim of this study was to predict the tendency to high-risk behaviors based on brain-behavioral system and personality traits with the mediating role of parenting in Secondary school students in Qom province. The presented research is of correlational type and the statistical population includes all students under 18 years of high school in Region 4 of Qom province in the academic year of 1998-99. (2011) complemented the behavioral brain system (Carver and White, 1994), parenting styles (Bamrind, 1972), and Hexago personality traits (Ashnon and Lee, 2000). Based on the results of this study, the proposed model of optimal fit was allowed. In general, the court results of all direct routes were significant (P <0.01). The indirect path of parenting styles was also significant for high-risk behaviors through personality traits and brain-behavioral systems. The seismic model uses optimal well-being and is an important step in identifying the factors influencing high-risk behaviors; You may be able to use it as a role model for developing risk-reducing behavior programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
325 - The effectiveness of parent-child interaction play therapy (CPRT) on executive functioning and social adjustment in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Leila Aminian banijamali Shokohsadat Friborz Dortaj hasan ahadiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent-child interaction through play therapy (CPRT) on executive function and social adjustment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study was a quasi-experimental study wit MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent-child interaction through play therapy (CPRT) on executive function and social adjustment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population included children aged 8 to 10 years with ADHD who referred to medical centers in Tehran in 1398. The sample consisted of 30 people (two groups of 15 people) who were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection tools were BRIEF (Parent Form) Behavior Rating Function Questionnaire (Guy,2000) and Dokhanchi Children's Social Adjustment Questionnaire (1998). After randomly selecting and determining the experimental and control groups and before conducting play therapy sessions for the participants in the study, a separate introductory session with the aim of initial acquaintance with the children and establishing a therapeutic relationship, as well as creating confidence in the subjects and collecting data. Pre-test was held. During the same introductory session to collect pre-test data, Connors parent questionnaires, BRIEF executive behavioral grading questionnaire and children's social adjustment questionnaire were given to children's parents in groups, and finally the experimental group played 10 sessions of 120 minutes once a week. Were treated. The results showed that play therapy training based on parent-child interaction on the executive functions of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was effective and according to ETA squared the effectiveness of play therapy training based on parent-child interaction on executive functions. In the studied children 75.1% Also, play therapy training based on parent-child interaction is effective in improving the social adjustment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The studied children are 74.9%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
326 - Effect of Differentiated Instruction on Linguistic and Rhetorical Features of Narrative Writing Performance across Different Levels of Proficiency
Hadis Toofani Asl -
Open Access Article
327 - Effects of Parents’ Education and Academic Involvement on ESP Learners’ Self-Regulation and Language Achievement: A Structural Equation Modelling Analysis
Mahnaz Azad Shokouh Rashvand Semiyari -
Open Access Article
328 - Examining Differential Item Functioning (DIF) For Iranian EFL Test Takers with Different Fields of Study
Shokouh Rashvand Semiyari Saeideh Ahangari -
Open Access Article
329 - Psychometrics Revisited: Recapitulation of the Major Trends in TESOL
Mohammad Ali Salmani Nodoushan -
Open Access Article
330 - The Effects of Different Evaluations on Academic Achievement of Third Grade Elementary Students in Experimental Science in Lordegan
آذر قلی زاده محمد قنبری طلب علی قنبریThis study aimed to assess the effect of different evaluations on academic achievement of the third grade elementary students in experimental science. Statistical populations were 1983 third grade elementary students in Lordegan in 2010-2011. 18 boys-related class and 1 MoreThis study aimed to assess the effect of different evaluations on academic achievement of the third grade elementary students in experimental science. Statistical populations were 1983 third grade elementary students in Lordegan in 2010-2011. 18 boys-related class and 18 girl-related classes were selected through random cluster sampling. Descriptive evaluation was conducted in six classes. Descriptive- quantitative evaluation was done in six classrooms. Quantitative evaluation was done in the rest six classes. It means that 36 classes were enrolled as experimental groups. 5 boys-related classes and 5 girls-related classes was selected randomly as control groups. This is a quasi-experimental study. Data gathering was done through a 40-items questionnaire. Teachers of third grade confirmed its validity. Its reliability was 0.86. Results showed that students in descriptive- quantitative evaluation and descriptive evaluation groups had better academic achievement in experimental science (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference between boys and girls. Girls had better academic achievement (P < 0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
331 - Relationship between Family Emotional Climate and Development of Social Skills and Achievement of Students Primary
محمدحسین محبی نورالدین وند سعید مشتاقی مسعود شهبازی The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between the family ’ s affective atmosphere and development of social skills along with academic achievement of male and female students of fourth and fifth grades in the elementary schools of Masjed More The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between the family ’ s affective atmosphere and development of social skills along with academic achievement of male and female students of fourth and fifth grades in the elementary schools of Masjed-Soleiman. The subjects were 289 (147 boys and 142 girls) students, selected randomly using multi-stage sampling. Measurement tools in this study were Heilburn's family members of affective relations inventory, Keramati's test of social skills development and scholastic average to measure the achievement performance. The results indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between the affective atmosphere of family and social skills development of boy and girl students. Also the results of analyzing multiple regressions showed that from among the domains of affective atmosphere of family, the sense of security in boy and the affection and having common experiences with parents in girl students are the best predictors of social skills development. There is a positive and significant relationship between the affective atmosphere of family and academic achievement of boy and girl students as well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
332 - A survey on the optimal strategies for effective participation of the parents and the public in schools
مریم افضل خانی مژگان عبدی پاکروانThis research through employing survey method investigates optimum methods in effective engagement of parents and the public in schools within 15 zone of Tehran Municipality in 2011-2012. Statistical population in this research includes all principals of the elementary MoreThis research through employing survey method investigates optimum methods in effective engagement of parents and the public in schools within 15 zone of Tehran Municipality in 2011-2012. Statistical population in this research includes all principals of the elementary schools within this zone (95) and 381 parent selected by using cluster random sampling method. In this research, the researcher seeks to find out about the impact of the constituents culture, information technology, financial dimensions, education and communication on attraction of parent’s engagement. Data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire containing 23 closed questions in a five scales and also the answers to the questions are designed in Likert Scale. The questionnaire’s validity was examined using the views of scholars and experts, while its reliability was 0.82 according to the Cronbakh alpha. For calculation and analysis of the obtained data, descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, table and diagram) and inferential statistics (single-sample T test) were employed. The obtained results indicate a significant relationship between culture, IT, financial dimensions, education and communication of the executive staffs and parents. In addition, the relationship of engagement with culture and IT with a mean of 22.9 and 11.6 respectively has been found the strongest and weakest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
333 - Checking the reading literacy rates of the fourth grade of elementary students of Shahriyar city and the comparison with the average student performance of the fourth grade of elementary students in the whole country
Soghra Maleki Sareh ahmadiReading skill is the most important necessity for the students learning in modern life. This skill is related to abilities in subject understanding interpretation and inference of texts and reception of concept and meaning of the written message. Educational success a MoreReading skill is the most important necessity for the students learning in modern life. This skill is related to abilities in subject understanding interpretation and inference of texts and reception of concept and meaning of the written message. Educational success and achievement for each student have direct relationship with his/her capability in subject understanding. The aim of this study was checking the reading literacy rates of the 4th grade of elementary students of Shahriyar city and the comparison with the average student performance of the 4th grade of elementary students in the whole country. The research procedure in its story was section surveying which was a discretional research technique and its implement was an international standardized notebook (PERLZ), which was performed on 260 male and female students in the grade 4 in Shahriyar city. They were selected with multi-step cluster sampling method. The study findings indicated that there was not a considerable difference in operational average between the Shahriyar students and the whole country in grade three and four (inference levels). However, but in the first and second levels (recitation levels), Shahriyar students were higher than the students in the whole country were. In understanding of literary texts, the students of Shahriyar did not have a considerable difference with others, but in understanding of informative texts, they had a better operation than the students of the whole country did. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
334 - The study of prevailing curriculum approach of Shahed University faculty with regards to the nature of specialized courses and their educational level
shahrbano amery mahdi sobhaninejad akbar rahnamaThe aim of present research was to survey the dominant curriculum approach (Adaptation, development, and Fidility) of Shahed University faculties. The research community was 279 faculties of Shahed University in eight colleges that the 161 sample selected as statistical MoreThe aim of present research was to survey the dominant curriculum approach (Adaptation, development, and Fidility) of Shahed University faculties. The research community was 279 faculties of Shahed University in eight colleges that the 161 sample selected as statistical randomly estimation. The current research is conducted in descriptive-analytical method based on survey research and to collect data, scale of with Saad Shawer perspective as well as researcher-made questionnaire fit. Statistical analysis of data use to indicators such as mean, standard deviations and tests » one sample and independent t test», « F ANOVA, Tuky test, and Friedman«. Face and content validity of the instrument was approved and its reliability by the Cronbach alpha was 0.71 as well. The findings show that the scientific disciplines nature, the applied research extents and also updating training syllabus rate and the training curriculum content of doctoral courses implemented for faculties in their education process influenced on the formation of their using dominant curriculum approach and therefore faculties according to their field specialty and educational level stand in the range of specific observant training syllabus to active (Adaptation), in arena with college classroom curriculum planning(Fidility). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
335 - The Effect of Motivational-Social Factors of Reading at Home and School on Reading Attitude of Fourth and Fifth Grades of Elementary Schoolâs Students
mohammad ahmadi dehghotbaddini hassan ahhadiThis research has been done with the purpose of studying the effect of home literacy environment, parents positive reading attitude and children’s reading interactions at home and school environment on children’s positive reading attitude of fourth and fifth MoreThis research has been done with the purpose of studying the effect of home literacy environment, parents positive reading attitude and children’s reading interactions at home and school environment on children’s positive reading attitude of fourth and fifth grades of elementary school’s students. To perform this correlational research, the methods and the required data by using the Chiu and Ko reading dimension questionnaire (2005) were applied from a sample of n=352 students in the fourth and fifth grades of Rafsanjan township through random clustered sampling. The data were analyzed using path analysis method. Results revealed that the direct effect of purposeful reading behavior of parents and family socioeconomic status on parents positive reading attitude was positive and significant. The effect of parent positive reading attitude on children’s positive reading attitude and children’s reading interactions at home environment was positive and significant but on reading interactions in school was not significant. Results also revealed that the reading interactions at home and school environment had a significant effect on creation of children’s positive reading attitude, and the effect of reading interactions at home environment was stronger too. Other results revealed that mother’s positive reading attitude played a more important role in increasing of reading interactions and creation of children’s positive reading attitude at home environment with regard to the father’s attitude Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
336 - Analysis of current and desired status of decision-makers in the process of curriculum designing and codification in Industrial Training
morteza karami fatemeh arfaa fatemeh vafaeiAbstract The goal of This study was to analyze the existing and desired situation decision makers in the process of industrial training curriculum design and development divided into nine elements of the curriculum. The study population were included administrators and MoreAbstract The goal of This study was to analyze the existing and desired situation decision makers in the process of industrial training curriculum design and development divided into nine elements of the curriculum. The study population were included administrators and education educators 54 Industrial company in the city of Mashhad that they were selected as examples whit census, But in the meantime, researchers worked with 42 of education directors were coperative with researcher. The research method was survey-descriptive and research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. Results showed that the current situation education unit (141/75) had the highest participation rate and teacher (34/39) the lowest rate of participation. in the ideal situation education unit (223/23) had the highest participation rate and applicant (184/12) the lowest participation rate in the process Industrial training curriculum design and development. So the results of independent t-test showed that the mean scores for each of the decision makers triple factores in both the current and desire situation has different and contribute rate in desire situation. So the results of ANOVA showed that the mean scores contribute triple factors decision-maker in current and desired situation had different. Furthermore, The findings showed that had no different contribute rate three factors in the decision-making in small, large, medium company and company size had no effect on the coperative rate of the triple factore. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
337 - The Effect of Shadow Educations and Parenting Styles on Mathematical Anxiety among High School Students
zohreh shakibaeiThis study was done to investigate the effect of shadow educations and parenting styles and mathematical anxiety among high school students in Mazandaran province. The statistical community includes 48545 high school students. 380 students were chosen as samples, due to MoreThis study was done to investigate the effect of shadow educations and parenting styles and mathematical anxiety among high school students in Mazandaran province. The statistical community includes 48545 high school students. 380 students were chosen as samples, due to the community numbers in Morgan table, but 500 ones were selected as samples for certainty to the community and coordination to other different groups, by random classified sampling method. The research was a kind of descriptive and Diand Bamrin,s Parenting style Inventory(1973), mathematical anxiety (Shokrani, 2002) and shadow education questionnaires were applied to collect the data. The validity of questionnaires confirmed by educational experts and reliability calculated:./72,./92,./72. For data analysis, the independent T, one way and two ways variance Analysis were used by SPSS software. The results indicated that students who applied shadow education experienced less mathematical anxiety and the effect of parenting style on math anxiety was meaningful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
338 - Analyzing the dimensions and quality of parents' interactions in the process of virtual teaching and learning
Rahmat Allah Khosravi mina nezamiThe current research was designed and implemented with the aim of identifying the dimensions of parents' interactions with children and primary school teachers in the process of virtual teaching and learning. This research was conducted qualitatively and in a phenomenol MoreThe current research was designed and implemented with the aim of identifying the dimensions of parents' interactions with children and primary school teachers in the process of virtual teaching and learning. This research was conducted qualitatively and in a phenomenological way with a purposeful sampling method. The studied participants were 14 mothers of male and female elementary school students in Abhar city who were subjected to virtual education in the academic year of 2020-2021. The data collection tool was a semi-structured in-depth interview. The text of the interviews were reviewed and analyzed using the theme analysis method and the interviews were continued until the saturation of the data. Validity check was done using two methods of long-term engagement and asking colleagues and reliability check was done through participant review method. The findings of the research showed that parents, through building trust, paying attention to the emotional-psychological condition of their children, creating creative methods to increase their participation, increasing technological literacy, finding effective communication channels with the teacher and cooperating with the teacher in the learning-teaching process. They can increase the effectiveness of virtual education for their children's learning. In this research, parent-child interaction, constructive and active quality, and parent-teacher interaction were at an average level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
339 - Block Size Optimization for Block Chain Applications based on POW Algorithm using Differential Evolution Algorithm
Ali Izadi Hamidreza Fardad -
Open Access Article
340 - Hybrid Frequency Compensation to Improve Unity-Gain Bandwidth of Low-Voltage Low-Power CMOS Operational Amplifiers
Ghazal Moradi Mohammad Reza Alamdar Saber Izadpanah Tous -
Open Access Article
341 - Design and Realization of a Junction-less TFET for Analog and Digital Applications Based on Strain Engineering
Fayzollah Khorramrouze Seyed Ali Sedigh Ziabari Ali Heydari -
Open Access Article
342 - The effect of sample thickness on the critical current density of the superconducting strip
Rasool Ghanbari -
Open Access Article
343 - Presenting a New Model of Optimal Coordinated beam former Vector Selection in DRFM for Radar Jamming
Hasan Mohammadi khodadad Halili Vahidreza Soltaninia Meysam Bayat Saeed Talati -
Open Access Article
344 - Evaluation of temporal-spatial variations of soil moisture balance by Thorenthwaite Matter method (Case study: Behesht Abad basin)
Elham Davoodi Hoda Ghasemieh Khodayar Abdollahi Okke BatelaanFor the sustainable management of water resources, it is necessary to determine the water balance and its components for the correct use of water. In this study, to obtain a general overview of the water balance and its components, the soil moisture balance was calculat MoreFor the sustainable management of water resources, it is necessary to determine the water balance and its components for the correct use of water. In this study, to obtain a general overview of the water balance and its components, the soil moisture balance was calculated using the Thorenthwaite Matter model in the Behesht Abad basin during 2003-2015. Distribution maps, including rainfall, temperature, actual and potential evapotranspiration, soil moisture, infiltration, surface runoff and leaf area index were prepared. The results showed that in spatial distribution, in spring and summer, the highest (8.98 mm) and the lowest runoff occurs at the altitudes and in the basin outlet, and in autumn and winter, the highest (46.72 mm) and the lowest runoff occurs at the outlet and in the altitudes, respectively. The correlation coefficient between observed and simulated surface runoff is 53%. The amount of infiltration decreases during dry months, the highest infiltration (range from 16 to 31 mm) has occurred in the range of sandy loam and clay loam textures and in agricultural areas and rangeland with good and medium coverage. In terms of spatial distribution, agriculture land and good and medium rangeland have more actual evapotranspiration, which often consistent with regions have the highest leaf area index. In general, the results of this research can be useful in identifying the soil moisture condition and various aspects of this complex system and also watershed management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
345 - Monitoring land use changes and its relationship with land surface temperature and vegetation index in the southern areas of Ardabil province (Case study: Kiwi Chay catchment)
Shirin Mahdavian Batool Zeinali Bromand SalahiBackground and Objective Irregular and unplanned urban expansion is known as urban sprawl and is characterized by low-density, transport-driven development, spreading out over large swathes of land towards the fringes of established urban centers. It is generally held t MoreBackground and Objective Irregular and unplanned urban expansion is known as urban sprawl and is characterized by low-density, transport-driven development, spreading out over large swathes of land towards the fringes of established urban centers. It is generally held that morphological modification of the urban landscape results in rising urban temperatures and the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. The biophysical properties of the urban space are determinants of the local urban climate. When there is significant alteration such as the replacement of vegetation and evaporating surfaces with impervious surfaces, the surface energy budget experiences fluxes which leads to warming at the local scale. Most scientists believe that the Earth's temperature has been rising since the 19th century. Meanwhile, a phenomenon called heat island in metropolitan areas (UHI) has caused a faster rise in temperature in these micro-climates, and in the coming years, the rapid urbanization trend will also increase the slope of temperature rise in cities. According to statistics provided by the United Nations, by 2025, more than 80% of the world's population will live in cities, and this will worsen the situation as cities become warmer. Surface temperature (LST) is one of the most important environmental parameters that is affected by land use change. The purpose of this study is to analyze the land use change in the two periods of 1987 and 2019, to estimate and study the changes in LST and NDVI in the same period, and to analyze the impact of land use change in LST and NDVI and the relationship between all three parameters.Materials and Methods In this study, Landsat 8 satellite images were used from the OLI sensor to extract the land use map and vegetation index, and the TIRS sensor was used to extract ground surface temperature for 2019 also Landsat 5 OLI sensor image was used to prepare land use map and vegetation index. Using visible, near-infrared, and infrared bands, the TM sensor was used to extract the surface temperature using thermal bands for 1987. Ecognition software was used to classify the object. Error matrices and related statistics (overall accuracy, kappa coefficient, user and Producer accuracy of each class) were used to evaluate the classification accuracy. Finally, Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between LST and NDVI, and the Contribution index was used to evaluate the impact of land use on surface temperature.Results and Discussion Investigating land use changes and their relationship with land surface temperature and vegetation index requires determining the type of land use and accurate estimation of land surface temperature and vegetation index. Preparing a satisfied land use map using Landsat satellite images and applying the object classification method Oriented has a relatively high accuracy. The accuracy of land use map classification in 1987, 82.5, and in 2019, 96.1 shows the high accuracy of the land use classification method and land use map. The study of land use changes in 1987 and 2019 in the Givi Chay catchment showed that rangeland use with an area of 1224.18 and 10469.59 square kilometers is the dominant land use, while in 1987, residential use with an area of 66.63 square kilometers and in 2019, water use with an area of 3.77 square kilometers had the lowest area. Also, the most modified use of rangeland use was dryland agriculture (181 square kilometers), which indicates the destruction of rangelands. The results of surface temperature during the 33-year period were evaluated which showed that the average surface temperature in 1987 from 28.39 °C to 38.86 °C and in 2019 from 34.35 °C to 46.62. The temperature has increased so that the average temperature of the whole study area in 33 years has increased by about 7.11 degrees Celsius. This indicates the urban development in the study area. The highest temperature recorded in both periods belongs to dryland agricultural use (38.86 and 46.62 ° C, respectively), which indicates the concentration of heat in these areas. Dryness and harvest at this time can be the main cause of high temperatures of this use. Garden, forest, and water uses showed lower surface temperatures in both periods than other uses. Vegetation areas due to evapotranspiration have a temperature-moderating role and have areas with a minimum temperature in both periods. Water use also has a great effect on reducing the temperature due to its high heat capacity. The use of residential areas compared to rainfed and pasture agricultural uses showed a lower temperature, which can be due to the existence of parks, and gardens that cause evaporation and cooling of the city, as well as factors such as roofing, felt in The reflection of radiant energy has a great share. Rangeland use had high temperatures (36.57 and 44.81 °C, respectively) in both years under study. The reason for the high temperature of this land, according to the study season, which is late June and early July, is an increase in areas free of vegetation or vegetation that is small and scattered. There was also a large negative correlation between LST and NDVI in the two study periods. Rainfed and rangeland agriculture with higher LST have lower NDVI, while vegetation and water have higher NDVI. Aquatic agricultural use, which was mostly observed in the areas around the Givi Chai River, showed lower temperatures due to the presence of moisture and evapotranspiration due to vegetation density. In the study area, suburban areas (gardens) and irrigated arable lands along the Givi Chai River and forests have the highest amount of vegetation index (NDVI) due to their relatively high green biomass, while irrigated areas, rainfed lands, Residential areas, and pastures have the lowest vegetation index. The results of vegetation index analysis for each land use class showed that forests, rainfed agriculture, and rangelands with the highest LST values and the lowest NDVI values while the lowest LST values and higher NDVI values were observed in forest and garden classes. Replacement of vegetation and forests with residential areas causes the conversion of wet soils to impenetrable surfaces, which leads to reduced surface evaporation. Absorbed solar radiation is converted to heat and reflected with higher values of LST. Increased vegetation has reduced the earth's surface temperature, and this is due to the fact that more vegetation leads to more evapotranspiration and transfer of part of the temperature and cooling of the earth's surface. Finally, the calculation of the participation index for each land use class in 1987 and 2019 showed that dryland agricultural use in 1987 and rangeland use in 2019 had the largest share in increasing surface temperature in the study area. According to the time of the selected images, the main reason for this participation can also be attributed to the time of harvest of dryland agricultural products and drying of pastures.Conclusion The results confirm the increase in surface temperature between different land use classes. Rangeland and dry agricultural uses showed higher LST values compared to forests and irrigated agriculture and water areas. High-temperature areas also had low NDVI values. Conversely, low-temperature areas such as vegetation and water had higher NDVI values. In addition, a high negative correlation was observed between LST and NDVI in both study periods. It has also been shown that rangeland and irrigated agriculture have a positive effect on LST, while forests and water have a cooling or moderating effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
346 - Automated processing based on interferometer technique with permanent dispersers for subsidence monitoring (Case study of Herat and Marvast aquifers)
Abolfazl Mohammadi Fatehabad Seyed Ali Alhoseini AlmodaresiBackground and Objective One of the issues that occur due to groundwater abstraction is land subsidence. This situation is now reported in many arid and semi-arid regions of Iran, especially in Yazd province. In addition, in recent decades, heterogeneous development of MoreBackground and Objective One of the issues that occur due to groundwater abstraction is land subsidence. This situation is now reported in many arid and semi-arid regions of Iran, especially in Yazd province. In addition, in recent decades, heterogeneous development of agricultural lands and uncontrolled extraction of groundwater from the reservoirs of Herat and Marvast aquifers in Yazd province have caused the occurrence of land subsidence around agricultural lands. The rising metal wall of deep wells and the horizontal cracks on the ground directly indicate the degree of subsidence. It is necessary to identify and identify areas that are prone to subsidence due to the risk and danger to life. On the other hand, we must note that The effects of subsidence may be accelerated by other natural activities in the area such as volcanic activity, earthquakes and landslides, and due to the seismicity of many areas of our country, attention to this phenomenon is of particular importance. Today, one of the most accurate and cost-effective methods for detecting ground surface movements is the radar interference technique. By comparing the phases of two radar images taken from the same area at two different times, this method will be able to determine changes in the earth's surface with accuracy and spatial resolution in centimetres and even millimetres in that time interval. In this article, for the first time, we tried to monitor the subsidence of land subsidence in Herat and Marva's aquifers by using Sentinel-1 satellite images and open source software. In this research, we try to achieve the following goals by using the time series data of the Sentinel-1 sensor, which has not been used in the study of subsidence of the studied areas. The aim of this study is to implement the technique of interferometry with permanent distributors using the integrated SNAP2StaMPS package. Another goal can be to estimate the subsidence rate by processing a set of Sentinel-1 sensor images in the period 20/02/2017 to 10/02/2019, approximately two years of time series. The ultimate goal was to investigate the data potential of this sensor in time series analysis and monitoring of changes due to land subsidence.Materials and Methods Herat and Marvast aquifers, in fact, the study areas in this study include Herat and Marvast aquifers located in Yazd province. Herat and Marvast aquifers are geologically part of the Zagros (ophiolite, radiolarite) and Sanandaj-Sirjan zones. The study areas are located in the 2nd-degree catchment area of Abargoo and Sirjan deserts with code 44 and an area equal to 57125 square kilometres. In this study, 24 data related to Sentinel-1 sensor were processed in one-dimensional mixed image level, high pass, VV polarization and segment number 93 related over a period of approximately two years in both study areas. In general, most of the process of processing and analyzing the time series of interferometers with permanent distributors (PSI) in this paper was done by two open source software, Snap and Stamps. Finally, to automate the single-reference interferometry steps, a set of code written in the Python programming language called SNAP2StaMPS was used, which is well designed based on the graphs of the Snap software.Results and Discussion One of the results of interferometric processing based on the innovative SNAP2StaMPS algorithm in this research was the production of interference maps from which the topographic phase has been omitted. Other results of the standard deviation scatter index for the average displacement map of both Herat and Marva's aquifers were 4.19 and 3.65 mm per year, respectively. Also, the main results of this study are the estimation of the average displacement map of the Herat aquifer between -40.33 to 11.46 mm per year and for Marva's aquifer between-39.79 to 10.63 mm per year in terms of satellite visibility during the study period (2017 to 2019). For this purpose, areas were randomly selected and areas based on subsidence field evidence in both study areas were selected. Hajiabad Naseri and, 6) Marvast city, related to the Marvast aquifer can be named. In this paper, due to the lack of specialized tools to evaluate and validate the only way to review the results, its compliance with ground subsidence evidence, time series diagrams and hydrograph of the aquifer unit. According to the hydrograph results of Herat and Marvast alluvial aquifers, the groundwater level in the Herat aquifer has decreased by about 5.5 meters during the 8-year period from 2011 to 2019, based on data from 28 observation wells. This hydrograph shows a drop of groundwater of about 7 meters over an eight-year period. The time series results obtained from the interferometry of the images used in this paper show the slope of the fitting line, which actually shows the amount of displacement (up or down), indicating a downward trend in the second area (white aqueduct of Herat aquifer) and Fifth (Shuran aqueduct from Marvast aquifer) shows its amount equal to about 5 and 7 cm, respectively. These results have a significant relationship with the hydrograph of the unit of both aquifers.Conclusion In this study, for the first time, to estimate the rate of subsidence in Herat and Marvast aquifers in Yazd province, the technique of interferometry with permanent dispersants was used using Sentinel-1 sensor data and SNAP2StaMPS open source package. Also, the potential of Stamps and SNAP software for radar interferometry processing was investigated, and also the details of the implementation of the Step to Stamps software package were shown. In general, based on the processed outputs of this package and the results of validation, it is possible to understand the ability of the automated method presented in this study to monitor subsidence and use this algorithm in other study areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
347 - QoS Management Solution in Software Defined Networking using Ryu Controller
Shiva Karimi Amir Joz AshooriIntroduction: Enterprise networks are increasingly becoming larger and more dynamic due to vast deployments of virtualization technologies. Consequently, the explosion of new network applications and services has strained the capabilities of traditional networking archi MoreIntroduction: Enterprise networks are increasingly becoming larger and more dynamic due to vast deployments of virtualization technologies. Consequently, the explosion of new network applications and services has strained the capabilities of traditional networking architecture in terms of scalability, agility, and efficient traffic management. SDN (Software Defined Networking) is a novel approach to build networks in which control logic is decoupled from data forwarding in order to enable programmability and ease of configuration across the entire network. The centralized control in SDN provides a global view of the entire network resources and their performance which enables the innovation of new service models. This paper demonstrates the implementation of SDN in a sample data center network topology using Mininet and the RYU controller, followed by employing policy-based network management and a differentiated service mechanism for guaranteeing the QoS for different classes of traffic. The proposed framework is a foundation to develop an enterprise-level network control and management product. Method: The approach of this paper is an implementation of a software-based architecture in the topology of a data center. It manages and guarantees the quality of service, using network policy-oriented management and service quality methods. The presented framework is an expandable infrastructure to solve the challenge of dynamic and agile management in the network of data centers and virtualization and cloud processing service providers.Findings : With the implementation done, h1r1 server node listens on ports 5001, 5002, 5003 with UDP protocol. The h1r4 client node sends 1Mbps UDP traffic to port 5001, 300Kbps UDP traffic to port 5002, and 600Kbps UDP traffic to port 5003 of the h1r1 server. The results obtained using the IPerf3/JPerf tool show that for traffic marked with AF41 code sent to port 5003, minimum bandwidth of 500Kbps and for traffic marked with AF31 code sent to port 5002, minimum bandwidth of 200Kbps is guaranteed. Is. When sending traffic of AF classes, the bandwidth of the best-effort traffic sent to port 5001 is limited.Conclusion: Guaranteeing full quality of service for all types of applications is not possible with the current network architecture based on the best-effort model. Different applications have different service needs that require dynamic management of network resources. In this article, a solution based on SDN architecture was presented for service quality management, which uses a differentiated service model. Differentiated service mechanism allocates resources based on different traffic classes. In this method, all streams belonging to a class are routed equally. The results obtained from the simulations show the optimal performance of the introduced framework in meeting the needs of traffic flows and optimal and maximum use of network resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
348 - Differential Information Extraction of Electroencephalogram Signals for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Detection
Farzaneh Manzari Peyvand GhaderyanIntroduction: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental and social disease that is prevalent in about 2 to 3% of the human population leading to cognitive impairments and affected quality of patient's life. Therefore, a reliable and timely diagnosis can he MoreIntroduction: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental and social disease that is prevalent in about 2 to 3% of the human population leading to cognitive impairments and affected quality of patient's life. Therefore, a reliable and timely diagnosis can help psychiatrists in better treating or controlling this disease.Method: Previous studies have demonstrated interdependence impairments between different brain regions in patients with OCD. Hence, this study has provided a new approach based on the decomposition of signals into intrinsic components and extraction of differential transient changes in amplitude envelope and phase spectra of the EEG signal recorded during Flanker tasks. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated using 19 healthy subjects and 11 patients by the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier.Result: The obtained results have confirmed the capability of the proposed method in diagnosing the disease with high accuracy of 93.89% using amplitude differential information of the electroencephalogram signal.Conclusion: In comparison between different regions, the statistical features extracted from the frontal lobe, the frontal-parietal network, and the inter-hemispheric features have offered better detection ability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
349 - Numerical solution of nonlinear fractional pantograph differential equations with boundary conditions using Jacobi polynomials
Somayeh Nemati Faezeh BakoueiIn this research, we have numerically solved a set of nonlinear fractional pantograph differential equations with boundary conditions using Jacobi polynomials. The present method turns the problem into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations, which simplifies the prob MoreIn this research, we have numerically solved a set of nonlinear fractional pantograph differential equations with boundary conditions using Jacobi polynomials. The present method turns the problem into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations, which simplifies the problem. It is suggested to use Jacobi wavelets to solve such problems, because in problems where the solution is not smooth enough, using wavelets by keeping the polynomial degree constant and increasing the number of wavelets will lead to an improvement in the approximation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
350 - A new method in the security of encryption systems by unbalanced gates
seyyed hamidreza mousavi mehdi safaeian Amir Hassan Ahmadi GhalehIntroductionNowadays, sharing information in communication systems and computers demands high levels of security. Side channel attacks are mainly considered as a main challenge in cryptographic systems which they are used as attacking techniques to break encrypted devic MoreIntroductionNowadays, sharing information in communication systems and computers demands high levels of security. Side channel attacks are mainly considered as a main challenge in cryptographic systems which they are used as attacking techniques to break encrypted devices such as smart cards. The purpose of this research is introducing a new plan for strengthening on-chip encryption algorithms. The proposed plan is based on using Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) and enhanced XOR gate in Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. In this approach, by disturbing the power consumption and time of execution for each different round of the algorithm, the encryption algorithm is protected against Differential Power Attacks (DPA). The proposed method has been implemented in TSMC 65nm technology in Cadence and the results show that the algorithm becomes immune against DPA using this method. As overheads, the silicon area and power consumption increased about 33% and 25%, respectively, whereas, the clock rate has been reduced less than 3%. MethodIn modern digital systems, if the data in the systems carries classified information, data encryption is unavoidable. For example, encryption in smart cards, portable electronic devices, mobile phones and remote control devices use encryption systems to deal with unauthorized intruders [1][2]. One of the requirements of today's electronic systems is high speed, low power consumption and information security. The basis of this method is the combination of the two characteristics of delay and power noise injection into the system using gates,ResultsThe comparison of the results in the simulation mode showed that the system has a good resistance against DPA attacksOne of the characteristics that exist to check the ability of retrofitting methods is the amount of hardware overhead and the imposition of additional power in the proposed retrofitting method. To check this issue, the hardware overhead and power consumption of the implemented method are presented in Table (2).DiscussionWith a reasonable number of power diagrams, so that compared to In the previous designs, the number of power diagrams has been almost doubled and the only overhead cost of the system is the increase in the volume of the occupied space by 33% and the power consumption by 20%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
351 - The Study Of the effect Of ovine bladder scaffold Of sheep, ِDomesticated breed, on blastema cells in vitro
نگار صغیری هاشم راستی جواد بهارآرا ناصر مهدوی شهری مهدی مرجانی سید حسن علوی فاطمه علویIntroduction and ObjectiveBiological scaffolds, composed of Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM), are capable of facilitating the restructuring of a large number of tissues. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ovine bladder scaffold of sheep, domesticate MoreIntroduction and ObjectiveBiological scaffolds, composed of Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM), are capable of facilitating the restructuring of a large number of tissues. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ovine bladder scaffold of sheep, domesticated breedon blastema cells in vitroMaterials and Methods: At first, ovine bladder o the sheep was decellularized by putting in 1% wt/vol solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for 24 hours. Then to prepare the blastema tissue, the pinna of New Zealand rabbit was manually punched-hole with a special puncher and a circular blastema was separated. There after, the decellularized samples were put in the middle of blastema ring and were transfered to the culture medium. To continue the study, microscope with lights of hematoxylin and eosin and pick indigo and Toluidine blue staining was used. Some samples on the day 15 and 20 of culture were studied by transitional electron microscope.Results: Collagen fibers were preserved after decellularized in matrix of bladder. Most migration of blastema cells occurred on days 15 and 20 of culture. On the day 10 and 15, some immature cells were differentiation in the pathway of adipocyte and fibroblast. On the day 15th and 20th, more blastema cells were migrated to the ovine scaffold. On the 10th and 15 day immature cell culture was seen to be differentiated from fibroblast and adipocyte cells. On the 15 th day blastema cell culture differentiated from covering cells and on the 20th day from fibroblast and adipocyte cells were seen.Conclusion: Bladder scaffold has ability to induce blastema cells and causes not only blastoma cells’ migration but also to be changed to different cells. This phenomenon is very important because of no growth factor and inducer was used in culture medium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
352 - Effect of Concurrent Training on Strength & Aerobic Capacity of Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Farhad Safari Zanjani Abbas Ali Gaeini MohammadReza Kordi Syrous Choobineh Reza Eghdam ZamiriInroduction & ObjectiveColorectal cancer is third cancer incident in all of the world and Iran which is enhancing, unfortunately. Physical activity is one of the best effective interventions. The aim of this research was to investigate of concurrent training programme o MoreInroduction & ObjectiveColorectal cancer is third cancer incident in all of the world and Iran which is enhancing, unfortunately. Physical activity is one of the best effective interventions. The aim of this research was to investigate of concurrent training programme on aerobic capacity and lower body power of colorectal cancer survivors.Materials and Methods:20 colorectal cancer patients with average age 55.5±20 and average weight 70.9±9.35 participated at this survey. They randomly divided in two groups. Experimental group(EG) performed 14 week’s concurrent training programme which involved 3 days endurance training and 2days resistance training per week. Control group(CG) didn’t any training programme at this time. Lower body strength measured by 1RM and Aerobic capacity measured by VO2Max. To analyse the data T-test and Covariance were used. Results:On the base of results, significantly differences observed between EG and CG in VO2Max and lower body power variables (P ConclusionThe concurrent training programme probably is effective intervention for prevention of return of cancer which is able to improve physical capacities in colorectal cancer survivors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
353 - The study of the effect of quercetin on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells of sub-ventricular zone (SVZ) in the adult rats
Ali Ebrahimi Kazem Parivar nasim hayati roodbari Akram EidiThe presence of neural precursor stem cells (NSCs) in some parts of the adult brains and the potency of these types of cells for the acceleration of the proliferation and differentiation processes with a therapeutic viewpoint is another beneficial facet of the applicati MoreThe presence of neural precursor stem cells (NSCs) in some parts of the adult brains and the potency of these types of cells for the acceleration of the proliferation and differentiation processes with a therapeutic viewpoint is another beneficial facet of the application of neural precursor stem cells in cell biology. Quercetin, as an herbal flavonoid, has been extensively investigated and shown to have numerous effects on some cell-lines and disorders. We aimed to investigate the impact of quercetin, on proliferation and differentiation of NSCs derived from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the adult rat brains. The isolated SVZs were mechanically minced into pieces through repeated pipetting in phosphate-buffered saline, incubated with 0.25% trypsin and treated with trypsin inhibitor; then centrifuged to obtain the cell suspension. The obtained cell suspension was cultured for one week to achieve neurospheres. When the cells reached confluence of 70-80%, they were sub-cultured for three passages and in the third passage, quercetin was treated with the cultured cells at the concentrations of 1, 5, and 15 μM. Methods such as Real time-PCR, MTT assay and ImageJ software, have been used to validate differentiation and proliferation of cells. The results indicated that the differentiation rate of NSCs is affected by various concentrations of quercetin in a dose-dependent manner so that 1µM quercetin had the least, and 15µM quercetin showed the most effects on cell differentiation. However, 1µM quercetin exhibited no significant cell toxicity, the most antiproliferative potential showed when treated with 15µM concentration quercetin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
354 - investigating the mediating role of the neighborhood environment in the effect of parental support and physical activity on children's physical activity
Narges Azam Nezami Ali Zarei Farshad Tojari SeyedHamid Sadjadi Hezaveh Forough MohammadiAbstractObjective : The main purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of the neighborhood environment in the effect of parental support and physical activity on children's physical activity.Methodology: This research was carried out as a descriptive - MoreAbstractObjective : The main purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of the neighborhood environment in the effect of parental support and physical activity on children's physical activity.Methodology: This research was carried out as a descriptive - correlational work and based on structural equation modeling . The statistical population consisted of all male and female students aged 9 - 11 years in Tehran and their parents (n=299,610). In total , 384 were selected based on Morgan’s Table and 400 questionnaires were collected . The participants were selected through a random cluster- method. In this study, the physical activity questionnaires for children by K Kowalski et al. (1997), the parental support for physical activity by Beets et al. (2006), the level of physical activity by Craig et al. (2003), and the neighborhood environment by Sallis et al. (2010) were used as data gathering tools. Formal, content, and structure validity were obtained using the confirmatory factor analysis and the reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha method. For data analysis , SPSS software was used and for modeling structural equations Smart PLS (v.2) was used. Results : The results showed the positive and significant effects of parental support (β = 0.662, t = 18.724) on children's physical activity , parents' physical activity (β = 0.486, t = 12.235) on children's physical activity , parental support (β = 0.468, t = 12,139) on the neighborhood environment, parents' physical activity (β = 0.572, t = 13.673) on the neighborhood environment, and the neighborhood environment (β = 0.766, t= 29.026) on children's physical activity. Finally, the results of Sobel test and VAF confirmed the mediating role of the neighborhood environment and supported the optimal fit of the research model.Conclusion : Parents and family members must enhance their role in children's physical activities. Parents can improve the role of the neighborhood environment in increasing children's physical activity by planning group programs and attending parks and sports venues in the neighborhood. In particular, they can participate in sports and recreation programs with their children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
355 - A New Protection Coordination Scheme for Restoration Over Current Protection Device in Distribution Networks With Distributed Generations
Hadi Bisheh Ehsan Heydarian-Forushani Hassan Haes AlhelouIn today's power systems, grid parameters are usually monitored by controlling agents to ensure the quality of produced electrical energy. Uninterrupted service to the network customers and continuous power supply may be disrupted through various disturbances. On this b MoreIn today's power systems, grid parameters are usually monitored by controlling agents to ensure the quality of produced electrical energy. Uninterrupted service to the network customers and continuous power supply may be disrupted through various disturbances. On this basis, the network requires a completely reliable, fast, and precise protection system. The protection of distribution networks is controlled by overcurrent equipment, which is complicated with increasing penetration of distributed generation resources due to change in the direction of current. This paper investigates how these resources affect the coordinated performance of the network protection system and proposes a new solution with the aim of restoration and fixing the miscoordination problem. The proposed method could be implemented on traditional overcurrent protection equipment while being able to meet the challenge of protection coordination with the lowest cost. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
356 - Designing and Simulating of Step-Up DC-DC Converter for Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
Maher Abdulnabi Alwan Ghazanfar ShahgholianStep-Up DC-DC Converters are widely used in electric vehicles, because the use of batteries and fuel cells increases the voltage level to drive the electric motor. One of the problems of step-up converters is the increase in volume and weight due to step-up transformers MoreStep-Up DC-DC Converters are widely used in electric vehicles, because the use of batteries and fuel cells increases the voltage level to drive the electric motor. One of the problems of step-up converters is the increase in volume and weight due to step-up transformers. So far, various methods, such as switched capacitor, coupled inductor and multiplier circuits, have been used to eliminate the transformer and reduce the volume and weight of the circuit. To further reduce the volume and weight of the circuit, it is necessary to increase the switching frequency, which is possible only by using the soft switching method. Using an auxiliary switch to create soft switching conditions is common in most methods, because not using an auxiliary switch imposes voltage and current stress on the circuit. In this article, a step-up converter with an auxiliary circuit of zero voltage transition (ZVT) is presented, which provides switching conditions at zero voltage to turn on the switch and switching at zero voltage to turn off the switch. The voltage stress of the converter is very low, and all the diodes are switched off at zero current, so they do not have reverse recovery problems. Also, in addition to absorbing the energy of the leakage inductor, the clamp capacitor helps to increase the gain of the converter. The provided converter is simulated in P-Spice software. To check the performance of the converter, a laboratory model with a power of 150 watts has been designed and tested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
357 - Providing Improved Structure and Adaptive Control Strategy for Solar System with the Ability to Improve Power Quality in Islanded Microgrid
Reza Ghobadi Ghazanfar ShahgholianDue to the ever-increasing price of fossil fuels and growing concerns about environmental pollution, the utilization of renewable resources, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, has witnessed significant growth. However, the lack of an optimal structure and control strate MoreDue to the ever-increasing price of fossil fuels and growing concerns about environmental pollution, the utilization of renewable resources, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, has witnessed significant growth. However, the lack of an optimal structure and control strategy for PV systems poses a crucial challenge in fully exploiting their potential capabilities. This article proposes a suitable structure and adaptive control strategy for PV systems, enabling the maximum utilization of PV system capabilities in island microgrids. The proposed control structure and strategy are based on a two-stage converter, facilitating maximum power point tracking in PV, injecting the generated PV power into the microgrid with minimal harmonic levels, and improving the power quality of the microgrid by compensating for harmonic components. In this method, the tasks of the DC/AC converter, including the injection of PV active power into the microgrid, provision of reactive power, and harmonic compensation, are prioritized and managed by considering the current peak limitation to prevent inverter overcurrent. Additionally, an adaptive controller is designed to enhance the accuracy and speed of power control. The proposed structure and strategy have been evaluated by simulating a sample microgrid in MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method enables the PV system to operate at maximum power with minimum harmonic levels, leading to a significant improvement in the speed and accuracy of the control system and enhancing the power quality of the islanded microgrid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
358 - Fault Current Control of Distributed Generations Equipped with Synchronous Generator to Coordinate Protective Relays
Aslan Sanei Esmaeel Rokrok Farhad NamdariThe presence of distributed generation sources (DGs) will affect the extent and duration of system failures. This will inevitably require the need to review the functioning of the system of protection and re-coordination of the relevant equipment. Because the lack of an MoreThe presence of distributed generation sources (DGs) will affect the extent and duration of system failures. This will inevitably require the need to review the functioning of the system of protection and re-coordination of the relevant equipment. Because the lack of an appropriate coordination between the DG units connected to a distribution system could lead to the exchange of power between these units and the system's instability, improper operation of the system of protection or the unintended islanding of a part of the system. Due to the fact that synchronous machine type DGs (SMDGs) are the most problematic for system coordination (over-current relays) than other types of DGs; in this paper, controlling the output current of generators Synchronization is proposed by tap changer of the transformer connected to it. In this method, the SMDG's participation in the flow of error is limited by the control of the pincer. Before the fault occurred and in accordance with the system conditions, the transformer tapping device connected to the synchronous generator has been changed and it reduces the flow during an error. This strategy, in addition to reducing the generation error of the generators and transformer assembly installed as a dispersed generation source, also increases the permeability coefficient of these sources. The proposed technique is implemented on a sample distribution system in the ETAP software; the results of the simulation show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
359 - A Comprehensive Analytical Review on Distribution Network Protection Control Strategies in the Presence of Distributed Generation Resources
Hadi Bisheh Reza BaraniToday, one of the most important challenges of power network operators and designers is to find a suitable solution to deal with the increasing presence of distributed generations in distribution networks for abnormal operating conditions such as fault conditions. The e MoreToday, one of the most important challenges of power network operators and designers is to find a suitable solution to deal with the increasing presence of distributed generations in distribution networks for abnormal operating conditions such as fault conditions. The existence of environmental and economic advantages of distributed generations has led to the expansion of the use of distributed resources, especially renewable resources, and as a result, changes in the topology of the power system and becoming an active network at the level of the distributed network. Despite the existence of many advantages of distributed resources, this issue has caused disruption in the performance of the protection equipment of the distribution network to the point where the conventional methods of modifying the protection settings are not responsive. In this article, there is a comprehensive review on new solutions in the field of modifying and restoring the protection system of distribution networks in the presence of distributed generations. For this purpose, the performance of the protection system has been evaluated. Also, through the general classification of studies conducted in this field, the weak points or strengths of each of the study groups as well as the proposed strategies have been determined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
360 - A Novel Method to Improve Transient Performance and Reduce Microgrid Disturbances Using Resistive Superconducting Fault Current Limiter and Auto Recloser
Arman Golzarfar Ahmad MirzaeiThe increasing use of distributed generation sources in microgrids causes problems when a fault occurs, including an increase in the level of short-circuit current in the microgrid and consequently it causes disturbances in the system after fixing the fault. In this pap MoreThe increasing use of distributed generation sources in microgrids causes problems when a fault occurs, including an increase in the level of short-circuit current in the microgrid and consequently it causes disturbances in the system after fixing the fault. In this paper, using a novel method, the installation location and the optimal resistance value of the resistive superconducting fault current limiter in the microgrid are determined by considering the energy losses in the resistive superconducting fault current limiter, the requirements of low voltage ride through of the doubly fed induction generator and the interrupting capacity of circuit breakers. Also, a mathematical model of resistive superconducting fault current limiter is presented, which by simulating and placing it in the microgrid and applying various types of faults in different points of the microgrid, the effectiveness of the proposed resistive superconducting fault current limiter in reducing the short circuit current level of the microgrid, the impact of simultaneous use of resistive superconducting fault current limiter and auto recloser in significant decreasing of disturbances after Fixing the fault and improving the requirements of low voltage ride through of the doubly fed induction generator are approved. Finally, the analytical comparison of the proposed method with other studies conducted in this field is examined and proves its effectiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
361 - Semi Dream (Vaghe'eh) in Einul-Quozat Hamedani's Works
Roya Rabizadeh Fatemeh HeidariMysticism is recognition and knowledge of the Almighty. Mystical knowledge and recognition is intuitive, personal and individual perception. Mysticism is achieved through special spiritual and mental abilities after passing through preliminaries and processes which let MoreMysticism is recognition and knowledge of the Almighty. Mystical knowledge and recognition is intuitive, personal and individual perception. Mysticism is achieved through special spiritual and mental abilities after passing through preliminaries and processes which let him think higher than sense and wisdom bottleneck and discover encampment of secrets and truths. Confronting with truth is an internal and interior event which shall happen without presence and dominance of senses and wisdom. The mystic is not able to turn his observations into something comprehensible and declare his heartfelt findings and evidences to others. One of the main reasons that mystical truth cannot be interpreted is its indistinguishability because mystical experience and truths are related to a world different from our own world. Einul- Quozat Hamedani has explained his mystical experience in his works and has cited the verses and Hadith for their demonstration. His mystical experience including revelation, semi dream, dream, citing a proverb and dream among which is one of the important way for entering into the occult world and is out of the extrasensory factors that the rational soul of the human being through which can get aware of the past and future. In this research, furthering definition of semi dream and its specifications, its difference with dream, revelation, semi dream and special mystical experience of Einul Quozat shall be examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
362 - The analysis of Godliness, Advocacy of Justice and Oppression in Shahnameh-e- Ferdowsi
Ahmad Amini Kamran Pashayee Fakhri Khalil HadidiThis study strives to achieve some relative and limited insight into the thinking of Ferdowsi through examining the original text and both internal and external layers and dimensions of a great work under the title of “Shahnameh” (the epic of the kings in English) on th MoreThis study strives to achieve some relative and limited insight into the thinking of Ferdowsi through examining the original text and both internal and external layers and dimensions of a great work under the title of “Shahnameh” (the epic of the kings in English) on three parts: monotheism, justice and fighting oppression, which is in itself construed here as the human being’s intellectual asset. The method of content analysis, a scientific and systematic method of inference, was employed to extract and gather the data and thereby gain the aforementioned objective. Then, it was realized that these triple elements were highly closely bounded to the point that their separation from each other was not only impossible but also unimaginable. This is to say that having faith in almighty God results in the establishment of justice and the ultimate output of these two is fighting with oppression. Then, it shall be admitted that back then, the sage of Tous (Ferodowsi) had been in pursuit of an ideal society, reckoned natural to him, and this is something innate, which is rather called human rights as well by civil societies. This study attempts to spot and restore these elements. Divine magnificence and wisdom brings about honour and pride; and selfishness and ingratitude cause humiliation and affliction. He thinks that Iranians never encroach on human rights and it arises from their sense of justice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
363 - Investigating the Process of Differentiation in Mysticism from beginning to the 9th century AH (Case study: Level and Completeness)
Mohsen Fasuniechi alireza mozafaritazehkand Abdolnaser NazarianiOne of the distinguishing features of Sufism from other sects has been the issue of flattery, which ironically has been one of the most controversial features of this group. In this research, we have studied the process of differentiation in mysticism with emphasis on t MoreOne of the distinguishing features of Sufism from other sects has been the issue of flattery, which ironically has been one of the most controversial features of this group. In this research, we have studied the process of differentiation in mysticism with emphasis on the phenomenon of Shath and Taamaat from the beginning to the ninth century (AH). The results show that although mystics initially resorted to certain customs and behaviors to distinguish themselve from other currents of thought, these distinctions were gradually criticized and opposed by both groups. A group that has used the special traditions of mystics as a pretext for its transgression in order to transcend the totality of mysticism, and another group of mystics who have tried to fight against these extremes and deny some behavioral and speech features. Thus, the wave of differentiation from mysticism had continued from the beginning of the formation of this current thought and became more and more intense and pervasive, since the mystics themselves, relying on critique within the discourse began to monitor and refine unusual customs. They practiced Mysticism, Shath and Taamaat were also attacked, and later, in their own interest and in order to protecting their original beliefs and fortifications, Shath and Taamaat, which were the hallmark of mysticism, due to its controversy and marginalization, were attacked. Sufis erased their speech and character of Taamaat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
364 - Quranic Verses in Mystical Texts
Zohre Allahdaadi DastjerdiMystics and Sufis have always used the verses of the Holy Qur'an to express the concepts and terms of theoretical and practical Mysticism; they did not consider any language more efficient and profound than the language of the Qur'an to express their mystical discoverie MoreMystics and Sufis have always used the verses of the Holy Qur'an to express the concepts and terms of theoretical and practical Mysticism; they did not consider any language more efficient and profound than the language of the Qur'an to express their mystical discoveries, intuitions and experiences. Therefore, many meanings, interpretations, Ta'vil and referent of many verses of the Qur'an can be found in the texts of Mysticism and Sufism. The main focus of this article is to find the referent of Quranic verses in these texts. The selected mystical texts of this article are in Persian. At the beginning of the article, the definition of referent is presented in the context of semantics to distinguish it from the words "concept" and "meaning", and then the definitions of referent and its difference with Ta'vil in the Quranic sciences are explored. Finally, examples of these referents of Quranic verses are mentioned in these texts. "molook" and "Qarye" in verse 34 of Surah An-Naml, "Keramat" in verse 70 of Surah Asra, "Amanat" in verse 72 of Surah Al-Ahzab and the words "Serate Mostaqim", "Taq'va" and "Hava" are examples that have been incorporated in twenty Persian mystical texts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
365 - A Survey on Parent's Province in Islamic Relations, Jurisprudence and Law(Case Study: Priority in Custody)
majid reza kamali baniani dawood nassiran Seyed Mohammad Hadi MahdaviParent's Province is one of the types of anatomical provinces that is important not only in Islamic mysticism, but also in legal and jurisprudential terms. The main legal and jurisprudential issue, stemming from numerous verses and traditions, are from the leaders of th MoreParent's Province is one of the types of anatomical provinces that is important not only in Islamic mysticism, but also in legal and jurisprudential terms. The main legal and jurisprudential issue, stemming from numerous verses and traditions, are from the leaders of the religion and have a track record in mystical books, Shi'a jurisprudence and related religions. One of the most important periods in the life of any child is the age of consent, and up to the age of seven, upon which the foundations of his or her social and moral education are formed. In the present study, the verses and criticisms of traditions related to this period have been examined. The results of this study show that due to the expediency of the child, interest and emotional bond between the mother and also because of the duty of custody, the priority of the mother over custody of the child, it is necessary to do so. Also, given the verses and consensus of the narrations quoted, the authenticity of the documents and other reasons, up to the age of seven, the mother's preference for custody of the child was preferred. It is noteworthy that the present research has been done in a descriptive-analytical method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
366 - Effect of Winkler Foundation on Radially Symmetric Vibrations of Bi-Directional FGM Non-Uniform Mindlin’s Circular Plate Subjected to In-Plane Peripheral Loading
N Ahlawat R Lal -
Open Access Article
367 - On Analysis of Stress Concentration in Curvilinear Anisotropic Deformable Continuum Bodies
Theddeus T Akano Omotayo A Fakinlede Patrick Shola Olayiwola -
Open Access Article
368 - On The Free Vibration of Doubly Clamped Single-Walled Coiled Carbon Nanotubes: A Novel Size Dependent Continuum Model
F Darvishi O Rahmani -
Open Access Article
369 - Determination of Interaction Force Between Single Core Cable Elements under Deformation
G.M Ismailov A.E Tyurin M.S Pavlov D.V Belyaev -
Open Access Article
370 - An Interval Parametric Approach for the Solution of One Dimensional Generalized Thermoelastic Problem
S Mandal S Pal Sarkar T Kumar Roy -
Open Access Article
371 - Free Vibration Analysis of Elastically Connected Beams with Step
H Nayebi M.M Najafizadeh -
Open Access Article
372 - Vibration and Stability Analysis of Composite Tube Conveying Fluid Flow Equipped with Piezoelectric Ring
M Nazarzadeh Ansarodi H Biglari M.R Saviz -
Open Access Article
373 - Buckling Analyses of Rectangular Plates Composed of Functionally Graded Materials by the New Version of DQ Method Subjected to Non-Uniform Distributed In-Plane Loading
R Kazemi Mehrabadi V.R Mirzaeian -
Open Access Article
374 - A Mathematical Formulation to Estimate the Fundamental Period of High-Rise Buildings Including Flexural-Shear Behavior and Structural Interaction
E Noroozinejad Farsangi H Melatdoust A Bin Adnan -
Open Access Article
375 - Buckling Analysis of Polar Orthotropic Circular and Annular Plates of Uniform and Linearly Varying Thickness with Different Edge Conditions
F Farhatnia A Golshah -
Open Access Article
376 - Global Optimization of Stacking Sequence in a Laminated Cylindrical Shell Using Differential Quadrature Method
M.R Saviz A Ziaei Asl -
Open Access Article
377 - Stress Analysis of Skew Nanocomposite Plates Based on 3D Elasticity Theory Using Differential Quadrature Method
M.R Nami M Janghorban -
Open Access Article
378 - A Power Series Solution for Free Vibration of Variable Thickness Mindlin Circular Plates with Two-Directional Material Heterogeneity and Elastic Foundations
M.M Alipour M Shariyat -
Open Access Article
379 - Generalized Differential Quadrature Method for Vibration Analysis of Cantilever Trapezoidal FG Thick Plate
K Torabi H Afshari -
Open Access Article
380 - In-plane Band Gaps in a Periodic Plate with Piezoelectric Patches
H.J Xiang Z.B Cheng Z.F Shi X.Y Yu -
Open Access Article
381 - Damping Ratio in Micro-Beam Resonators Based on Magneto-Thermo-Elasticity
A Khanchehgardan G Rezazadeh A Amiri -
Open Access Article
382 - Free Vibration Analysis of Micropolar Thermoelastic Cylindrical Curved Plate in Circumferential Direction
G Partap R Kumar -
Open Access Article
383 - Static Analysis of Functionally Graded Annular Plate Resting on Elastic Foundation Subject to an Axisymmetric Transverse Load Based on the Three Dimensional Theory of Elasticity
A Behravan Rad A Alibeigloo S.S Malihi -
Open Access Article
384 - Effect of Surface Energy on the Vibration Analysis of Rotating Nanobeam
M Safarabadi M Mohammadi A Farajpour M Goodarzi -
Open Access Article
385 - Stress Analysis of Two-directional FGM Moderately Thick Constrained Circular Plates with Non-uniform Load and Substrate Stiffness Distributions
M.M Alipour M Shariyat -
Open Access Article
386 - A Simple and Systematic Approach for Implementing Boundary Conditions in the Differential Quadrature Free and Forced Vibration Analysis of Beams and Rectangular Plates
S.A Eftekhari -
Open Access Article
387 - Three-dimensional Free Vibration Analysis of a Transversely Isotropic Thermoelastic Diffusive Cylindrical Panel
R Kumar T Kansal -
Open Access Article
388 - Free Vibration Analysis of Non-Uniform Circular Nanoplate
M Zarei M Ghalami-Choobar G.H Rahimi G.R Faghani -
Open Access Article
389 - Dynamic Analysis of Multi-Directional Functionally Graded Panels and Comparative Modeling by ANN
H Khoshnoodi M.H Yas A Samadinejad -
Open Access Article
390 - 3D Thermoelastic Interactions in an Anisotropic Lastic Slab Due to Prescribed Surface Temparature
Gh Debkumar L Abhijit R Kumar R Surath -
Open Access Article
391 - Effects of Hall Current and Rotation in Modified Couple Stress Generalized Thermoelastic Half Space due to Ramp-Type Heating
R Kumar Sh Devi V Sharma -
Open Access Article
392 - Exact Implementation of Multiple Initial Conditions in the DQ Solution of Higher-Order ODEs
S.A Eftekhari -
Open Access Article
393 - Nonlocal Bending Analysis of Bilayer Annular/Circular Nano Plates Based on First Order Shear Deformation Theory
Sh Dastjerdi M Jabbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
394 - Thermomechanical Interactions Due to Hall Current in Transversely Isotropic Thermoelastic with and Without Energy Dissipation with Two Temperatures and Rotation
R Kumar N Sharma P Lata -
Open Access Article
395 - Non-Local Thermo-Elastic Buckling Analysis of Multi-Layer Annular/Circular Nano-Plates Based on First and Third Order Shear Deformation Theories Using DQ Method
Sh Dastjerdi M Jabbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
396 - Free Axisymmetric Bending Vibration Analysis of two Directional FGM Circular Nano-plate on the Elastic Foundation
M Zarei Gh Rahimi -
Open Access Article
397 - Insecticidal, repellency and oviposition deterrent of hexane extracts of some Plants on Tribolium confusum (Col.: Tenebrionidae)
Esmail Karami Saideh Loni Zahra Rafiei KarahroudiTribolium confosum is one of the most important pests of stored products that can damage the quality and quantity of flour. Using the plant syntheses is one of the best methods to control of stored products pests especially that insecticides have many dangerous effects MoreTribolium confosum is one of the most important pests of stored products that can damage the quality and quantity of flour. Using the plant syntheses is one of the best methods to control of stored products pests especially that insecticides have many dangerous effects in environment and the amount of damage is high. The purpose of this research was to compare the efficiency of hexane extracts of some plants oviposition deterrent rate, larvicidal rate and repellency rate against T.confosum: Calotropis procera, Vinca minor, Zygophylum fabago and Delphinium persicum. The results showed that Z. fabago in 50% pure extract was the most effective extract by 60.69% larvicidal percent and V. minor was the least effective extract by 30.41% larvicidal percent. Z. fabago, D. persicum and C. procera were effective in repelling of pests. These extracts reduces to oviposition in comparing to control but there was no significant difference between the extracts oviposition deterrent in adults. As these exctacts have repellency, oviposition deterrent and insecticidal effects, can be used as a source to control this pest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
398 - Numerical Solution of fuzzy differential equations of nth-order by Adams-Moulton method
نورالدین پرندین -
Open Access Article
399 - Using finite difference method for solving linear two-point fuzzy boundary value problems based on extension principle
Seyed Majid Alavi -
Open Access Article
400 - A Second-Order Accurate Numerical Approximation for Two-Sided Fractional Boundary Value Advection-Diffusion Problem
Elyas Shivanian Hamid Reza Khodabandehlo -
Open Access Article
401 - The existence and uniqueness of the solution for uncertain functional differential equations
Nazanin Ahmadi Samira Siahmansouri -
Open Access Article
402 - Asymptotic distribution of eigenvalues of the elliptic operator system
Ahmad Rezaee Ali Sameripour -
Open Access Article
403 - An extension of stochastic differential models by using the Grunwald-Letnikov fractional derivative
Mohammad Ali Jafari Narges Mousaviy -
Open Access Article
404 - A new reproducing kernel method for solving Volterra integro-di erential equations
Razieh Ketabchi -
Open Access Article
405 - An approximate method for solving fractional system differential equations
Mohammad Adabitabar Firozja Bahram Agheli -
Open Access Article
406 - Application of semi-analytic method to compute the moments for solution of logistic model
MohammadAli Jafari -
Open Access Article
407 - On decomposability of projective curvature tensor in projective recurrent conformal Finsler space
Chayank Kumar Mishra Gautam Lodhi -
Open Access Article
408 - Homotopy Perturbation Method and Aboodh Transform for Solving Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
Khalid Aboodh -
Open Access Article
409 - A new technique for solving Fredholm integro-differential equations using the reproducing kernel method
Razieh Ketabchi -
Open Access Article
410 - A Numerical Approach for Solving Forth Order Fuzzy Differential Equations Under Generalized Differentiability
E. Ahmadi N. Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
411 - The Operational matrices with respect to generalized Laguerre polynomials and their applications in solving linear differential equations with variable coefficients
Z Kalateh Bojdi S Ahmadi-Asl A Aminataei -
Open Access Article
412 - Analytical solution of the Hunter-Saxton equation using the reduced di erential transform method
H. RouhparvarIn this paper, the reduced di erential transform method is investigated fora nonlinear partial di erential equation modeling nematic liquid crystals, itis called the Hunter-Saxton equation. The main advantage of this methodis that it can be applied directly to nonlinear MoreIn this paper, the reduced di erential transform method is investigated fora nonlinear partial di erential equation modeling nematic liquid crystals, itis called the Hunter-Saxton equation. The main advantage of this methodis that it can be applied directly to nonlinear di erential equations withoutrequiring linearization, discretization, or perturbation. It is a semi analytical-numerical method that formulizes Taylor series in a very di erent manner.The numerical results denote that reduced di erential transform method isecient and accurate for Hunter-Saxton equation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
413 - Positive solution for boundary value problem of fractional di erential equation
Haidong QuIn this paper, we prove the existence of the solution for boundary value prob-lem(BVP) of fractional di erential equations of order q 2 (2; 3]. The Kras-noselskii's xed point theorem is applied to establish the results. In addition,we give an detailed example to demons MoreIn this paper, we prove the existence of the solution for boundary value prob-lem(BVP) of fractional di erential equations of order q 2 (2; 3]. The Kras-noselskii's xed point theorem is applied to establish the results. In addition,we give an detailed example to demonstrate the main result. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
414 - A novel existence and uniqueness theorem for solutions to FDEs driven by Lius process with weak Lipschitz coefficients
S. Siah-Mansouri O. Solaymani Fard M. M. Gachpazan -
Open Access Article
415 - General Solution for Fuzzy Linear Second Order Differential Equation Using First Solution
Laleh Hooshangian -
Open Access Article
416 - Application of di fferential transformation method to the fisher equation.
B. Soltanalizadeh B. BabayarIn this paper, the di erential transform method (DTM) is applied to the Fisherequation. This method can be used to obtain the exact solutions of Fisherequation. Finally, we give some examples to illustrate the suciency of themethod for solving such nonlinear partial di MoreIn this paper, the di erential transform method (DTM) is applied to the Fisherequation. This method can be used to obtain the exact solutions of Fisherequation. Finally, we give some examples to illustrate the suciency of themethod for solving such nonlinear partial di erential equations. These resultsshow that this technique is easy to apply. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
417 - Positive Solution for Boundary Value Problem of Fractional Di erential Equation
H. QuIn this paper, we prove the existence of the solution for boundary value prob-lem(BVP) of fractional di erential equations of order q 2 (2; 3]. The Kras-noselskii's xed point theorem is applied to establish the results. In addition,we give an detailed example to demons MoreIn this paper, we prove the existence of the solution for boundary value prob-lem(BVP) of fractional di erential equations of order q 2 (2; 3]. The Kras-noselskii's xed point theorem is applied to establish the results. In addition,we give an detailed example to demonstrate the main result. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
418 - Numerical solution of fuzzy Hunter-Saxton equation by using Adomian decomposition and Homotopy analysis methods
Sh Sadigh behzadi -
Open Access Article
419 - The position of five formalist preparations in cultivating the narrative form of the mythological part of Shahnameh
mitra bighami maryam jafari Gholam Abbas zakeriThe seldom formal study of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh reveals new dimensions about the mechanism of formation of this great work. Formalists were not the discoverers of literary devices and crafts, but showed their original, pivotal and constructive influences in great works. MoreThe seldom formal study of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh reveals new dimensions about the mechanism of formation of this great work. Formalists were not the discoverers of literary devices and crafts, but showed their original, pivotal and constructive influences in great works. Shahnameh is a good arena for tracing these industries and is basically relying on formalistic arrangements that make it unmatched by its competitors in the epic genre. In the first part or the myths of Shahnameh, the use of many formalist industries can be seen as in other parts, but due to the importance of the origin, narrative and basis of this part, some formalist arrangements have been used by Ferdowsi in constructing its narrative. Have been. The present article has analyzed and identified five formalistic indicators used in the narration of this part of Shahnameh by descriptive-analytical method. The result indicates that the emphatic use of the capacity of symbols, the use of current constraints to create single propositions with high literature, the use of de-familiarization and accentuation in proportion to the strangeness of the mythical space, the high frequency of metaphor and The irony and finally the characterization of the narrative, which indicates the independence of relations in the mythical atmosphere, are among the most important factors that consolidate the narrative of the first part of the Shahnameh and create the necessary charm to make the audience loyal to follow the story. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
420 - Regular concurrent training had not significant effect on CRP Level in obese middle-aged men
Zahra Momen nasab Mohadeseh Nematollahzadeh -
Open Access Article
421 - Effects of eight weeks aerobic training, resistance training and concurrent training on the metabolic syndrome and HbA1c in men with type 2 diabetes
Saman Eskandary Eskandar Rahimi -
Open Access Article
422 - Physical activity and type 2 diabetes: A narrative review
Eskandar Rahimi -
Open Access Article
423 - Effects of concurrent training on insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cells function in obese men
Ahmad Ahmadlu Afsaneh Khazari Zahra Momen nasab -
Open Access Article
424 - The effects of concurrent training with and without branch chain amino acids on lipid profiles and testosterone level of male body-builders
Payam Rafiee Eskandar Rahimi -
Open Access Article
425 - Confidence Interval for Solutions of the Black-Scholes Model
Mehran Paziresh Mohamad Ali Jafari Majid Feshari -
Open Access Article
426 - Analytical and numerical solutions for the pricing of a combination of two financial derivatives in a market under Hull-White model
Hossein Sahebi Fard Elham Dastranj Abdolmajid Abdolbaghi Ataabadi -
Open Access Article
427 - Optimization of estimates and comparison of their efficiency under stochastic methods and its application in financial models
Kianoush Fathi vajargah Hamid Mottaghi Golshan Abbas Arjomandfar -
Open Access Article
428 - Portfolio optimization considering cardinality constraints and based on various risk factors using the differential evolution algorithm
Behnaz Ghadimi Mehrzad Minooei Gholamreza Zomorodian Mirfeiz FallahshamsAs the main achievement of the modern portfolio theory, portfolio diversifica-tion based on risk and return has attracted the attention of many researchers. The Markowitz mean-variance problem is a convex quadratic problem turned into a mixed-integer quadratic programmi MoreAs the main achievement of the modern portfolio theory, portfolio diversifica-tion based on risk and return has attracted the attention of many researchers. The Markowitz mean-variance problem is a convex quadratic problem turned into a mixed-integer quadratic programming problem when incorporating car-dinality constraints. Due to the high number of stocks in a market, this problem becomes an NP-hard problem. In this paper, a metaheuristic approach is pro-posed to solve the portfolio optimization problem with cardinality constraints using the differential evolution algorithm, while it is also intended to improve the solutions generated by the algorithm developed. In addition, variance, val-ue-at-risk, and conditional value-at-risk are assessed as risk measures. Candi-date models are solved for 50 top stocks introduced by the Tehran Stock Ex-change by considering the cardinality constraints of not more than five stocks within the portfolio and 24 trading periods. Finally, the obtained results are compared with the results of genetic algorithm. The results show that the pro-posed method has reached the optimal solution in a shorter time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
429 - Selecting The Optimal Multi-Period Stock Portfolio with Different Time Horizons in the Credibility Theory Framework
Younes Nozarpour Sayyed Mohammad Reza Davoodi Mahdi Fadaee -
Open Access Article
430 - An Uncertain Renewal Stock Model for Barrier Options Pricing with Floating Interest Rate
Behzad Abbasi Kazem NouriOption pricing is a main topic in contemporary financial theories, captivating the attention of numerous financial analysts and economists. Barrier option, classified as an exotic option, derives its value from the behavior of an underlying asset. The outcome of this o MoreOption pricing is a main topic in contemporary financial theories, captivating the attention of numerous financial analysts and economists. Barrier option, classified as an exotic option, derives its value from the behavior of an underlying asset. The outcome of this option is based on whether or not the price of the underlying asset has reached a predetermined barrier level. Over the years, the stock price has been represented through continuous stochastic processes, with the prominent one being the Brownian motion process. Correspondingly, the widely used Black-Scholes model has been employed. Nevertheless, it has become evident that utilizing stochastic differential equations to characterize the stock price process is unsuitable and leads to a perplexing paradox. As a result, many researchers have turned to incorporating fuzzy or uncertain environments in such situations. This study presents a methodology for pricing barrier options on stocks in an uncertain environment, in which the interarrival times are uncertain variables. The approach employs the Liu process and renewal uncertain process, considering the interest rate as dynamic and floating. The pricing formulas for knock-in barrier options are derived using α-paths of uncertain differential equations with jumps. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
431 - Explaining the Relationship Between Sticky of Expenses with Prediction Error of Profit in Tehran Stock Exchange
Reza Jamkarani Ali Lalbar -
Open Access Article
432 - The Relationship Between Non-Transparent Financial Reporting and Risk Stock Futures Fall Due to the Size and Performance
Saeid Khalajestani Alireza Farshidpour -
Open Access Article
433 - The Effect of Investment on the Financing of Listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
Mahdieh Mardani Ahmad Sarlak -
Open Access Article
434 - The Study of the Effect of Diversification Strategy, Cost Leader-ship Strategies and Product Differentiation on Business Unit Value
Majid Davoudi Nasr Mohsen Cheraghi -
Open Access Article
435 - Biology of potato tuber moth, Phthorimea operculella Zeller (Lep.: Gelechidae), on two potato cultivars
M. Shahabi A. RajabpourPotato tuber moth, Phthorimea operculella, is one of the most important pests of potato in Iran. Biology of the pest on two commercial potato cultivars, Sante and Arinda, was studied in Andimeshk, north of Khuzestan province, Iran. Samplings were weekly performed from t MorePotato tuber moth, Phthorimea operculella, is one of the most important pests of potato in Iran. Biology of the pest on two commercial potato cultivars, Sante and Arinda, was studied in Andimeshk, north of Khuzestan province, Iran. Samplings were weekly performed from two separate fields cultivated by two cultivars during two agricultural seasons (2013-2015). Adults and immatures monitoring were done by using sex pheromone trap and direct count respectively. Results showed that adults occurred with two months difference in the first and second agricultural seasons which is related to different means temperature in the two studied seasons. Significant correlation was observed between adult densities and weekly means temperature. First adults appeared on both cultivars in early February and December in the first and second agricultural seasons and peaked at the end of March, respectively. The peaks of egg number were observed at The end of March for the first and second agricultural seasons, respectively. First larvae were observed in early and mid of March in the first and second years. Larvae peaked at The end of March and mid of April for the first and second years, respectively. No considerable difference was observed among occurrence, peak and activity time of the developmental stages of potato tuberworm on The two tested cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
436 - Study on the chemical composition and insecticidal activity of the wild mint (Mentha longifolia L.) essential oil against the melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover)
M. Zamani verdi H. Abbasipour S. Goudarzvande CheginiThe melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover is a polyphagous and cosmopolite species which is widely distributed in moderate and tropical regions of the world. The high-risk chemical pesticides are currently used to control this pest that have environmental impacts and also MoreThe melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover is a polyphagous and cosmopolite species which is widely distributed in moderate and tropical regions of the world. The high-risk chemical pesticides are currently used to control this pest that have environmental impacts and also affect non-target organisms. Therefore, in order to cope with this situation, we must think about the safe alternatives to control this pest. In the current study, chemical composition and fumigant toxicity of the essential oil from wild mint, Mentha longifoliaL. was studied against the nymphal and adult stages of the melon aphid, A. gossypii. The essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation method, using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus. The amount of this essential oil was determined by mass chromatography method. Bioassay experiments were performed in a completely randomized design with five concentrations (0.1 to 0.9 μl/L air) and three replications. For each replicate, 10 samples of the last instar nymphs and adult aphids were separately considered. Also, nymph production deterrent effect of the oil at sublethal concentration of the oil was studied against the parthenogenesis form of aphid. Results indicated that essential oil of M. longifolia is highly toxic to the melon aphid.The major components in the oil were Pulegone (44.75%), Menthone (30.80%), 1,8- Cineole1 (5.49%) and Cyclohexanone, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)- (2R-cis (2.06%). Probit analysis showed that the LC50 values for nymphs and adults of A. gossypii were 0.059 and 0.0081 µl. L-1 air, respectively. By increasing the concentration of essential oil, the mortality rate also increased. Also, degree of nymph production deterrent effect was calculated for the essential oil of M. longifoliaas 80.03±3.68%. The overall results showed that the wild mint essential oil has a high potential in controlling the melon aphid especially in protected areas such as geenhouses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
437 - Investigating the antimicrobial activity of different extracts of neem plant on antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli
Reza rohani batool heydari saeide saeidiAbstract:Neem (Azadirachta indica) is known as a medicinal plant due to its antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral and antifungal properties. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial activity of neem medicinal plant prepared with different solvents on a MoreAbstract:Neem (Azadirachta indica) is known as a medicinal plant due to its antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral and antifungal properties. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial activity of neem medicinal plant prepared with different solvents on antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli.Materials and methods:Neem medicinal plant leaves were collected from Sistan and Baluchistan region, extracted in dry shade and using different solvents, and minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum lethal concentration were determined by microdilution method.Results:The results of this study showed that the lowest inhibitory concentration of ethanol extract of neem against Escherichia coli was 2.5 mg/ml, and 2 strains were inhibited at this concentration, while the highest inhibitory concentration was 10 mg/ml and 4 strains were inhibited in this concentration.The lowest inhibitory concentration of neem acetone extract is 0.62 mg/ml, and one strain is inhibited at this concentration, and the highest inhibitory concentration is 5 mg/ml, and 5 strains are inhibited at this concentration. While the lowest and highest inhibitory concentrations against Escherichia coli were 1.25 and 10 mg/ml, and 1 and 3 strains were inhibited at this concentration.The lowest inhibitory concentration of neem acetone extract is 0.62 mg/ml, and one strain is inhibited at this concentration, and the highest inhibitory concentration is 5 mg/ml, and 5 strains are inhibited at this concentrationDiscussion:The results showed that neem extract had a good inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli at low dilutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
438 - Recurrent seismicity in Rajasthan State in the tectonically stable NW Indian Craton
Hitesh Kumar Manoj Pandit -
Open Access Article
439 - The Effect of Nitrogen Supplies at Flowering on Dry Matter Production and Distribution, the Relationship Between Source Strength and Sink Size, and Yield Formation Processes in Wheat, Barley and Triticale
Masoud Ezzat ahmadi Mojtaba Hassanzadeh Ahad MadaniIn order to compare the yield response of wheat, barley and triticale to nitrogen, a split plot experiment was conducted in Mashhad during the 2017-2018 crop year. Nitrogen factor with two levels of non-foliar application (N1) and application of urea fertilizer 46% in t MoreIn order to compare the yield response of wheat, barley and triticale to nitrogen, a split plot experiment was conducted in Mashhad during the 2017-2018 crop year. Nitrogen factor with two levels of non-foliar application (N1) and application of urea fertilizer 46% in the flowering stage at a rate of 20 kg / ha (N2) were allotted to the main plots and cereal type factor in the subplots. The results showed that N2 treatment increased grain yield by 12.6%, which was mainly due to the increase in the contribution of current photosynthesis in grain yield formation from 43.6 to 51.2% and had little relationship with the efficiency of dry matter distribution to grain. Also, N2 treatment, despite a significant reduction in 1000-seed weight, increased the number of seeds per spike by 20.9% and grain weight per spike by 12.9%. Nitrogen foliar application increased the contribution of current photosynthesis in grain yield formation from 43.6% to 51.2% and decreased the rule of stem dry matter remobilization in yield formation from 72.4% to 53.4%. Despite having the same harvest index as wheat, triticale had 13.3% higher grain yield than wheat due to its higher biological yield. The amount of current photosynthesis in triticale was %46.8 more than wheat, but the relative contribution of stem reserves to yield formation was not significantly different. The main reason for the higher in triticale compared to wheat was the higher number of grains per spike, and the difference in grain weight was less important. The results indicate that grain weight is not affected by nitrogen uptake and transport processes and is mostly a function of photosynthesis. Based on these results, the source-sink balance in triticale resulted in higher yield of it compared to wheat and barley. It seems that nitrogen in the flowering stage can increase the yield of wheat and barley by preventing abortion of florets and increasing the size of the reservoir as well as improving the strength of the source by increasing the current photosynthesis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
440 - Effect of applied current density on microhardness and corrosion behavior of electrodeposited Co-P-ZrO2-CeO2 nanocomposite coatings
Fatemeh Borzooei Sirus Javadpour Alireza Jahanbin Hamed Aghili mehdi nasrollahi nezhad fardCobalt coatings are considered a suitable alternative to chromium coatings due to their desirable properties and environmental compatibility. In this study, by adding phosphorus as an alloying element and reinforcing nanoparticles of ZrO2 and CeO2 to the cobalt coating MoreCobalt coatings are considered a suitable alternative to chromium coatings due to their desirable properties and environmental compatibility. In this study, by adding phosphorus as an alloying element and reinforcing nanoparticles of ZrO2 and CeO2 to the cobalt coating matrix, amorphous Co-P-ZrO2-CeO2 and Co-P coatings were produced on a ST37 steel substrate using electrochemical deposition. The effect of current density on the morphology of the coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the weight percentages of elements present in the coatings were analyzed using EDS analysis. Microhardness and corrosion resistance were also examined. The addition of reinforcing nanoparticles to the cobalt-phosphorus alloy matrix increased the hardness of the nanocomposite coatings. It should be noted that increasing the current density up to an optimal level increases the hardness, and then decreases it. The results of the Tafel and EIS analyses on the nanocomposite coatings indicate an increase in corrosion resistance with an enhancement in current density up to 100 mA/cm2 for both alloy and nanocomposite samples, which is due to an increase in the weight percentage of phosphorus and the formation of a surface protective layer. In addition, the presence of reinforcing nanoparticles in the matrix prevents corrosive medium from reaching the coating surface, improving its corrosion resistance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
441 - Modeling of Overdue Receivables in the City Bank Using Factor-based Simulation (Northwestern Provinces of the Country)
davoud norouzi alireza bafandeh zendeh morteza honarmand azimi -
Open Access Article
442 - Examining the Model of Relationship Between Professors' Support for Autonomy and Parental Psychological Control with Critical Thinking through Mediation of Academic Stress Among Female Students
Karim Sevari Fatemeh FarzadiThe purpose of this research was to test the model of relationship between professors' autonomy support and parental psychological control with critical thinking through the mediation of academic stress of female students. The statistical population was all female stude MoreThe purpose of this research was to test the model of relationship between professors' autonomy support and parental psychological control with critical thinking through the mediation of academic stress of female students. The statistical population was all female students of psychology, educational sciences and counseling at University of Khuzestan province Payam Noor. The research sample subsumed 480 subjects who were selected voluntarily. The research design was correlational. to collect data Belmont, Skinner, Welborn, and Connell's (1988) Teachers' Autonomy Support; Barber's (1996) Parental Psychological Control; Sevari Academic Stress (2019) and Critical Thinking by Wang et al. (2019) questionnaires were implemented. After modifying the proposed model, the findings related to direct relationships showed a negative relationship between professors' support for autonomy and academic stress; positive relationship between parental psychological control and academic stress; There was a negative relationship between parental psychological control and critical thinking, and a significant positive relationship between professors' support for autonomy and critical thinking, but the relationship between academic stress and critical thinking was not significant. The results related to indirect hypotheses showed that the relationship between professors' support of students' autonomy and critical thinking through academic stress and the relationship between parental psychological control and critical thinking through academic stress was significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
443 - The Effectiveness Of Self-Differentiation Training On Friendship Relation In Girl Students
Hosein Amiritalab Ahmad EtemadiThis research was intended to study the effectiveness of self-differentiation training on friendship relation in girl students. The statistical population were consisted of the all Allameh Tabatabai University students. 20 subjects were selected as the sample through an MoreThis research was intended to study the effectiveness of self-differentiation training on friendship relation in girl students. The statistical population were consisted of the all Allameh Tabatabai University students. 20 subjects were selected as the sample through announcements and screening. The subjects were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups of 10 individuals each. In order to control the variables interfering variables, factors such as being single, being female and having previous experience relating to the opposite sex were considered as criteria for sample selection. The experimental group was exposed to self-differentiation training for 8 sessions, an hour and half each and once a week. This research was a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and control group. In this study the Relationship Quality with Opposite Sex Questionnaire were used as data source. The results, using covariance analysis showed that self-differentiation training had a significant impact on friendship relation with opposite sex. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
444 - The Role Of Differentiation, Life Meaningfulness And Forgiveness in Predicting Marital Disaffection In The Married Female Students
Kobra Kazemian Moghaddam Mahnaz Mehrabizadeh Honarmand Ali Reza Kiamanesh Simin HoseinianThe aim of this study was to determine the role of differentiation, meaningful life and forgiveness in predicting marital disaffection in the married female students of Islamic Azad University of Dezful. The research sample consisted of 256 married women that were rando MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the role of differentiation, meaningful life and forgiveness in predicting marital disaffection in the married female students of Islamic Azad University of Dezful. The research sample consisted of 256 married women that were randomly selected using random numbers table. The research was descriptive and correlational. The instruments of this study were Kayser’s Marital Disaffection Scale(1993) , Skowron’s Differentiation of Self Inventory—Revised, Batista and Almond(1973 Life- Regard Index(LRI) and Rye’s Forgiveness Questionnaire (2001). In order to analyze the data; correlation coefficient and multiple regression were implemented. The results showed that the correlation coefficients of differentiation, life meaningful and forgiveness with marital disaffection were negatively significant. In conclusion, the results showed that differentiation, life meaningful and forgiveness played significant role in explaining and predicting the variance of marital disaffection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
445 - The Role of Mindful Parenting Style and Maternal Attachment Style in Predicting the Behavioral Disorders on ADHD Children
Niloofar Mikaeili Nastaran Mohajeri Aval Nastaran OtaredThe aim of current study was to predict of behavioral disorders on ADHD children through mindful parenting style and maternal attachment style. The present study is of descriptive correlational design. The study population was all the mothers of elementary school childr MoreThe aim of current study was to predict of behavioral disorders on ADHD children through mindful parenting style and maternal attachment style. The present study is of descriptive correlational design. The study population was all the mothers of elementary school children in Tehran, among them 60 people were selected as sample with purposive sampling and with implementation of Conner’s questionnaire (1970) on children and the diagnosis of ADHD of them. Then the mindful parenting style (Duncan, 2007) and attachment style questionnaire (Van odenhaven, 2003) completed by the mothers of these children. Multiple regression analysis of the data showed that negative significant difference between mindful parenting style and behavioral disorders such as anxiety/depression, isolation/depression, ignoring the rules, aggressive behavior, social problems on ADHD children(p<0/05). Also there was negative significant difference between secure attachment style and behavioral disorders (p<0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
446 - Comparison of Effectiveness of Monotheistic Integrated Psychotherapy and Object Relations Psychotherapy on Self-Differentiation and Violence of Couples
Jaafar Noori Hamid Nejat Ebrahim Nameni Elham FariborziThe purpose of this study was to investigate the comparison of effectiveness of monotheistic integrated psychotherapy and object relations psychotherapy on self-differentiation and violence of couples in Mashhad. A sample of 30 subjects was selected by conve MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the comparison of effectiveness of monotheistic integrated psychotherapy and object relations psychotherapy on self-differentiation and violence of couples in Mashhad. A sample of 30 subjects was selected by convenience sampling methodfrom the mentioned population and randomly allocated in the two experimental groups( each group five pairs, totally20 subjects) and a five couples control group(10 subjects). The research method was semi-experimental (pre-test and post-test with the control group). In order to collect data, the Self-differentiation Questionnaire and Marital Violence Questionnaire were used. Interventions were performed on 2 groups in 10 sessions of biaxial weekly and the control group received no treatment. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including multivariate covariance analysis. The findings showed that monotheistic integrated psychotherapy and object relations psychotherapy had significant effect on the self-differentiation and couples’ violence. The results also indicated that object relations psychotherapy treatment compared tomonotheistic integrated psychotherapy had a better effect on self-differentiation while the monotheistic integrated psychotherapy compared to object relations psychotherapy had a better effect on reducing marital violence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
447 - The Effectiveness of Parents Compassion - Based Parenting Training on the Emotion Cognitive Regulation and Self-Efficacy of Students with Social Anxiety
Farzaneh Fatehi Peykani Azam SalehiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parents compassion- based parenting training on emotion cognitive regulation and self - efficacy of students with social anxiety. The research design was semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and cont MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parents compassion- based parenting training on emotion cognitive regulation and self - efficacy of students with social anxiety. The research design was semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female students with social anxiety and their mothers in Shahid Montazeri Elementary School in Ghahjavaristan village in 2018. 30 mothers were selected based on the criteria for entering the study and purposive sampling method and randomly allocated in two groups of 15 subjects each. The experimental group participated in eight 90-minutes compassion based parenting training sessions, but the control group received none. Finally, the students answered Garnefsky Children’s Emotion Cognitive Regulation Questionnaire (2007) and Wheeler & Ladd Children’s Self-Efficacy Questionnaires (1982) in two stages. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and multi variants analysis of covariance. The results showed that there were significant differences between the scores of control and experimental groups in negative and positive strategies of emotion cognitive regulation and self - efficacy in students with social anxiety and the intervention increased the use of positive emotion regulation strategies and increased self - efficacy and decreased the use of negative emotion regulation strategies in students. Based on the obtained results, it could be concluded that compassion based parenting training was effective in applying emotion cognitive regulation strategies and increasing self - efficacy of children and adolescents with social anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
448 - Testing the Model of Marital Life Quality Through the Perception of Equity and Daily Spiritual Experiences by Mediation of Self Differentiation in Married Female Teachers
Leyla Sayahi Malikeh SayahiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the model of marital life quality through equity perception, and daily spiritual experiences mediated by self-differentiation among married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The statistical population included m MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the model of marital life quality through equity perception, and daily spiritual experiences mediated by self-differentiation among married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The statistical population included married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The samples subsumed 200 participants whom were selected by multi-phase random sampling. The research was designed as correlational of structural equations type. To collect data Marital Quality Index (Nortoon, 1983), Measurement of Equity Perception (Perry, 2004), Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (Alipour et al., 2016) and Self-Determination Inventory (Skowron & Friedlander, 1998) were implemented. To analyze data structural equations analysis was applied. The results indicated that equity perception and daily spiritual experiences had direct significant impact on marital life quality. The findings also showed that equity perception and daily spiritual experiences had indirect significant impact on marital life quality through self-differentiation among married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The evaluated model had an optimal goodness of fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
449 - The Causal Relationship of Self-Differentiation and Marital Intimacy with Attitude to Crossover Relationships with Mediating Role of Marital Commitment in Women Referring to Psychological Centers
Pegah Safarzadeh Shirali Sasan BaviThe purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship among self-differentiation and marital intimacy with attitude to crossover relationships with marital commitment as mediator in women referring to psychological centers of Ahvaz city. The statistical p MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship among self-differentiation and marital intimacy with attitude to crossover relationships with marital commitment as mediator in women referring to psychological centers of Ahvaz city. The statistical population of the research included all women referred to counseling centers in Ahvaz city during 1398. 111 women were selected as sample via purposive sampling procedure. The research method was correlational path analysis type. To collect data Attitudes toward Infidelity Scale of Vitely (2006), Self-Differentiation Inventory of Skorn & Schmitt (2003), Marital Intimacy Scale of Thompson & Walker (1983), Marital Commitment Inventory of Adams & Jons (1997) were implemented. To analyze data descriptive and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis were applied the results showed that all direct relationships were significant except the relationship between self-differentiation with attitudes to crossover relationships (p < 0.05). There was also indirect and significant relationship between marital intimacy with attitudes to crossover relationships with the marital commitment as mediator role (p < 0.01), but there was not an indirect and significant relationship between self-differentiation with attitudes to crossover relationships with mediating role of marital commitment(p>0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
450 - Effectiveness of Child- Parent Relationship Therapy (CPRT) on Parenting Stress and Child- Parent Relationship of Mothers of Children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder
Mohammad Narimani Sara Taghizadeh hirThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of child-parent relation therapy on parenting stress and child- parent relationship of mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. The statistical population was whole MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of child-parent relation therapy on parenting stress and child- parent relationship of mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. The statistical population was whole mothers of the children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder who referred to the psychological clinic in Ardebil city whom 30 of them were selected using convenience sampling method and assigned randomly in experimental (n=15) and control group (n=15). The research was quasi-experimental study, included pretest, posttest and follow-up with control group. Subjects were measured by Abidin Parenting Stress Index- short form (1983) and Pianta Child-Parent Relationship Scale (1994). The experimental group participated in 10 sessions (60 minutes) of parent – child relationship therapy and the control group didn’t receive any intervention. Follow up was done after a month and a half. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results indicated that child- parent relationship therapy (CPRT) made a significant difference between the two groups in terms of their means scores in parenting stress and child- parent relationship (p < 0/05). The results showed that therapy based on the parent-child relationship could be considered as an effective way to reduce parenting stress and promote the parent-child relationship of mothers of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. This finding should be used to treat mothers of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The results were persistent during the follow up. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
451 - The Role of Mother's Parenting Style, Family's Cultural Capital and Social Skills in Educating the Girls
Atena DavamiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mother's parenting style, the family's cultural capital and social skills on educating elementary school girls. The research statistical population included all psychology texts related to parenting style, the cul MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mother's parenting style, the family's cultural capital and social skills on educating elementary school girls. The research statistical population included all psychology texts related to parenting style, the cultural capital and social skills on educating elementary school girls. The research sample embraced psychological texts concerning mother's parenting styles, family's cultural capital and social skills. The current research was descriptive-analytical. Data collection was done by using the library method and note taking on index cards. The data was analyzed via content analysis procedure. The results showed that amongst the mothers’ parenting styles, the authoritative one was the best for educating the children specially the females. Educating the children by such style was not completely restrictive. There was more space for their individuality and independence. Children educating by such style were saner and had better communicating. The children also acquired the cultural capital from their parents. The cultural capital represented in embodied, objectified and institutionalized forms. The children, particularly the girls who spent their more time with their mothers through identification process template their mothers’ behaviors and characteristics emerged from cultural enrichment. Such factor could be as an initiator for the girls’ social maturation. Cultural capital is very important in the prevailing theories of modern education. Parents are a bridge between cultural heritage and ideas in daily life and learning in children. Mothers are considered an important lever due to the positive effective role they play in the education and acquisition of children's social skills on their children's social growth in the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
452 - Assessment Effect of Chitosan Foliar Application on Total Chlorophyll and Seed Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Under Water Stress Conditions
Mohammad Hadi Masjedi Arash Roozbahani Mahdi Baghi -
Open Access Article
453 - Investigation Response of Wheat Genotypes to Different level of Nitrogen Fertilizer, Crop Production, Seed Growth Trend and Correlation Between Traits
Fatemeh Torfi -
Open Access Article
454 - Assessment Effect of Spray Different level of Zinc and Magnesium on Crop Production and Agrophysiological Characteristics of Wheat
Sara Madeh Khaksar Shahram Lack -
Open Access Article
455 - Providing a family-oriented problem-solving training program for parents of Down syndrome children
Maryam Seidy Gholam Ali Afrooz Leila Kashani Vahid aliakbar arjmandnia keivan kakabraeeAim: This study was developed with the aim of providing a family-oriented problem solving training program for parents of children with Down syndrome. It seems that structural modification of parenting practices is very important to improve the quality of life of all fa MoreAim: This study was developed with the aim of providing a family-oriented problem solving training program for parents of children with Down syndrome. It seems that structural modification of parenting practices is very important to improve the quality of life of all family members. It seems necessary to modify the functional structure of families with children with special needs, including children with Down syndrome, due to their different psycho-social characteristics. Based on this, empowering parents through new cognitive-behavioral approaches such as family-oriented problem solving programs is considered one of the important priorities of developed societies. Methods: In this organized research, first the nature and importance of this issue was investigated, then how to prepare a family-oriented problem solving educational program for parents of children with Down syndrome, which is an innovative combination of "I can solve my problem" and "Education of a thinking child/teenager" program was presented. Results: A review of the available empirical evidence shows that the application of the family-oriented problem solving program has a positive effect on the behavioral change of children and adolescents with special needs and their parents. Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the well-being of the family through the formulation of efficient localized programs based on the Iranian-Islamic model. The application of the family-oriented problem-solving training program by the parents of children with Down syndrome has greatly increased their motivation to learn practical interpersonal skills, and parents can provide psychological and social well-being conditions for themselves and their children by adopting a problem-solving coping style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
456 - Predicting marital and communication disorders based on parenting methods and emotional instrumentation of couples in Kermanshah
bahar khaksariToday, one of the achievements of the evolution of the family institution is the turmoil that is seen in the relationship between couples. Objective: The aim of this study was to predict marital disturbances based on parenting styles and emotional expression with marita MoreToday, one of the achievements of the evolution of the family institution is the turmoil that is seen in the relationship between couples. Objective: The aim of this study was to predict marital disturbances based on parenting styles and emotional expression with marital disturbances of couples in Kermanshah. Method: The method of descriptive research is correlational. The statistical population of the present study included women with marital disorders who referred to counseling centers in Kermanshah in 2021-2022, whose number was over 500 people. The sample in the present study according to Morgan table 120 people were randomly selected from counseling centers in Kermanshah and with the consent of those couples who were willing to cooperate in the study to Bamrind parenting methods questionnaire (1973) , King & Ammons (1990) Emotional Expression, and the Wiseman et al. (2009) Marital and Communication Disorder Scale responded virtually. Results: The results obtained using regression and Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the components of careless, authoritarian and logical authority methods, expressing positive emotion, expressing intimacy and expressing negative emotion have the ability to predict marital turmoil. . Also, the components of careless, authoritarian and logical authority methods, expressing positive emotion, expressing intimacy and expressing negative emotion have a significant negative relationship with marital turmoil. Conclusion: According to the research findings, it can be said that negligence, authoritarianism and logical authority, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
457 - Structural Equation Modeling of Parent-Adolescent Conflict Relationship with Emotional Disorder in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Experience Avoidance
tayebeh azizi hasan amiri karim afshari niaThe aim of this study was to determine the fit of the structural relationship model of parent-adolescent conflict with emotional dysregulation with the mediating role of experience avoidance in adolescents in Tehran. The statistical population of the study included 13 t MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the fit of the structural relationship model of parent-adolescent conflict with emotional dysregulation with the mediating role of experience avoidance in adolescents in Tehran. The statistical population of the study included 13 to 18 year old adolescents in Tehran. Using available sampling method, 400 people (200 female adolescents and 200 male adolescents) were selected as the sample and according to the Asadi and Younesi adolescent parent conflict conflict questionnaire. (2011), Avoiding the Experience of Bond et al. (2007) and Graz and Romer (2004) responded to emotional dysregulation. Structural equation model and IBM AMOS24 software were used for data analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and emotion dysregulation (p <0.05). Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between parent-adolescent conflict with emotional dysregulation with the mediating role of avoiding experience (p <0.05). The results also showed that the relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and emotional dysfunction with the mediating role of experience avoidance was higher in boys than girls (p <0.05). Based on the research findings, it can be said that parents should be asked to provide as much ground as possible for adolescents to gain new and useful experiences to increase their self-confidence and thus even resolve the conflict between themselves and their child. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
458 - Comparison of religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and parenting anxiety in mothers with and without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Soheila Sheikh Bahai Amir GhamaraniIntroduction: The aim of this study was to compare religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and parenting anxiety in mothers with and without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods: The research design was causal-comparative, and the statistical po MoreIntroduction: The aim of this study was to compare religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and parenting anxiety in mothers with and without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods: The research design was causal-comparative, and the statistical population included all mothers with and without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder whose children were in the age group of 7 to 16 years in Isfahan city in 2020. A sample of 100 people (50 mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 50 mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder) was selected through a targeted and accessible sampling method. Data collection tools included the Maudsley's obsessive-compulsive disorder questionnaire (1977) (for sample group selection), Allport's religious-spiritual orientation (1968), Jonason & Webster's dark personality (Dark Triad) questionnaire (2010), and Abidin's parenting stress questionnaire (1990). Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 and an independent t-test. Results: The results of this study indicate that in the variables of religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and their components, mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder have significantly higher scores than mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. In another result, it can be stated that in parenting anxiety and its components, mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder scored significantly higher than mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Conclusion: The results of this study are effective in explaining the psychological mechanisms of parents with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and can help therapists and researchers. IntroductionFamily is one of the most important building blocks of society, which is known as the creator and foundation of a child's personality and future behavior. Family, as a foundation of human communities, plays a very vital role in the formation of identity and the personal and social development of people. This group of people who are connected with each other through emotional connections and mutual relationships, generally has strong effects on the growth and development of humans and also creates a suitable environment for the promotion of spiritual and cultural values. The family as a social unit plays a very important role in the formation of identity and the personal and social development of people. This vital role of the family is significant in several aspects, including the formation of family identity, social development, spiritual and cultural values, and educational support. The family is the child's first communication environment that helps the child's identity grow and develop. Emotional connections and close relationships in the family provide a space where a person can get to know himself and express his feelings and values. Also, the family, as the child's first small community, teaches him basic social skills and values. In the family, a person gets to know the rules, social expectations and different roles, and this makes him able to communicate with others and cooperate in society, and at the same time, it is an environment that transmits spiritual and cultural values and beliefs. The actions and performance of the family and the integrity of dealing with challenges and everyday issues can be a model for a person and strengthen values such as respect, ethics and justice in him. As the main environment for education, the family is the basis for learning and developing new skills. In the family, a person acquires language, social and emotional skills through communication with other family members and improves by using them in other environments. In general, the family, as a supportive and strengthening environment of communication and values, plays a very important role in the formation of identity and the personal and social development of people. Children's mental health is very important in any society. Children with behavioral and mental disorders not only have problems with themselves but also with society and their families, especially their main caregiver (mother). The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and parenting anxiety in mothers with and without children suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder.MethodologyThe research design was causal-comparative, and the statistical population included mothers with and without children suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder whose children were in the age group of 7 to 16 years in Isfahan city in 2020. A sample of 100 people (50 mothers with children suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder and 50 mothers of children without obsessive-compulsive disorder) was selected by a targeted and accessible sampling method. Data collection tools included Maudsley's obsession questionnaires (1977) (for selecting the sample group), Allport's religious-spiritual orientation (1968), Jonason and Webster's dark personality questionnaire (2010), and Abidin's parenting stress questionnaire (1990). Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 and an independent t-test.Results and DiscussionThe results of this research indicated that in the variables of religious-spiritual well-being and dark personality and their components, mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder scored significantly higher than mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. In another result, it can be stated that in parenting anxiety and its components, mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder scored significantly higher than mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder.ConclusionThe results of this research are effective in explaining the psychological mechanisms of parents with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and can help therapists and researchers.LimitationsThis research had some limitations. Considering that the data collection tools in this research were limited to interviews and questionnaires and other methods were not used, therefore, they have problems such as the inaccuracy of respondents and conservatism in providing answers. In this research, the total score of obsession is considered and the types of obsession are not separated. Also, the sample size used in this research is limited, it is suggested to use more samples in future researches.SuggestionsAccording to the results of this research, it is suggested that the research be conducted from a spatial point of view at a wider level and scope and the results be compared. Choosing a sample from a larger statistical population in future researches can help generalize the findings. It is suggested to control the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder and the socio-economic base of the family in future studies. Based on the findings of this research, it is possible to suggest teaching the components of spiritual understanding as a method to improve the mental health of mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. It is suggested to correct the perceptions and reactions of mothers with positive parenting training and counseling to change their attitudes, beliefs and thoughts towards their child with obsessive-compulsive disorder, and as a result, create a more favorable relationship between mother and child, and with parent training programs, by providing appropriate information about the child and how to treat him, it is possible to improve the parents' adaptation mechanisms and finally reduce the anxiety of mothers' parenting. Also, involving fathers in the parenting process can help reduce mothers' anxiety, especially mothers who have children with obsessive-compulsive disorder.FundingThe current research was taken from the Master's thesis of the first author "Soheila Sheikh Bahai" and without financial support.Ethics Approval and Consent to ParticipateThe cooperation of the participants was voluntary and their consent was declared. In addition, they were informed about the confidentiality and opt-out aspects of the research at each stage. This article is extracted from the Master's thesis of Soheila Sheikh Bahai under the guidance of Dr. Amir Ghamarani.Conflict of interestsAccording to the authors, this article has no conflict of interest.AcknowledgementWe hereby thank and appreciate the supervisor and parents who participated in this research.RefferencesAbbasi, F., Abedi, M. R., patience, F., Azhar, M. M., & Rahimi, M. (2012). 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Journal Educational Psychology Studies, 17(37), 199-230.Yousefi, R., & Aging, F. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Dozen Dirty Questionnaire. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 22(1), 67-76. Manuscript profile -
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459 - A Comparison of the effectiveness of Bowenian family therapy and acceptance and commitment-based therapy (ACT) on differentiation of mothers with one child
Farahnaz Koranian Mokhtar Arefi Hasan AmiriThe aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Bowenian family therapy and acceptance and commitment-based therapy on differentiation of mothers with one child. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with two experimental g MoreThe aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Bowenian family therapy and acceptance and commitment-based therapy on differentiation of mothers with one child. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with two experimental groups and a control group. The statistical population of the study included mothers of preschool single children in Kermanshah kindergartens in 2020. A total of 45 people were selected by simple random sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group, equal to 15 people. Data were collected in pretest-posttest stages with Skowron (1998) differentiation scale. After performing the pre-test, the members of the experimental group participated separately in eight weekly 1.5-hour sessions of Bowenian family therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. Covariance analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the effect of Bowenian family therapy and the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on differentiation in individuals is significant and stable (P<0.05). The results of Bonferroni test showed that due to the size of the differences, the effectiveness of Bowenian family therapy in comparison with other interventions on increasing differentiation and related components was higher. Both treatments can be effective in increasing maternal differentiation, however, Bowenian family therapy can be considered more effective than other interventions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
460 - The effectiveness of Islamic resilience skills training on Parental attitude and Guilt of mothers of blind children
samaneh SARFARAZI ELAHE SARFARAZIAim:The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Islamic resilience skills training on parental attitudes and guilt of mothers with blind children. Method: The research method is clinical trial by pretest-posttest method with a control group and the stati MoreAim:The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Islamic resilience skills training on parental attitudes and guilt of mothers with blind children. Method: The research method is clinical trial by pretest-posttest method with a control group and the statistical population includes mothers of blind children in 2021. Using purposive sampling method, 32 mothers were selected in cyberspace and randomly selected in two groups of control and Experiments were performed. Attitudes of Parents with Special Needs Child towards Their Children Scale’s Govender (2002) and Guilt Questionnaire’s Eisenhower (2007) were used to collect information. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance using SPSS software version 24. Results: Findings showed that there was a significant difference between the performance of control and experimental groups in improving parental attitude and reducing guilt in the post-test stage (p <0.05). Also, the results of covariance analysis showed that Islamic resilience training has improved the subscales of parental attitudes (acceptance and affection, shame, failure, despair and extreme support) in mothers with blind children.Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that educating mothers based on Islamic resilience has had an effect on improving their attitude towards their children and reducing their guilt; Therefore, it can be used as an effective intervention method based on the culture and religion of the community. Manuscript profile -
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461 - بررسی کشش آب ساکن در ناحیه غوطه وری جریانهای غلیظ
داریوش کرمی چمه سید حسن گلمایی علی شاهنظری الهه حسینیانبررسی نحوه تأثیر متقابل کیفیت آب رودخانه بر دریاچه­ها و مخازن سدها بر هم­دیگر از جنبه­ی بهره برداری حائز اهمیت است. هنگام ورود آب یک رودخانه با چگالی متفاوت به دهانه یک دریاچه یا مخزن یک سد به دلیل اختلاف چگالی پدیده­ی جریان غلیظ زیرین اتفاق می­افتد، Moreبررسی نحوه تأثیر متقابل کیفیت آب رودخانه بر دریاچه­ها و مخازن سدها بر هم­دیگر از جنبه­ی بهره برداری حائز اهمیت است. هنگام ورود آب یک رودخانه با چگالی متفاوت به دهانه یک دریاچه یا مخزن یک سد به دلیل اختلاف چگالی پدیده­ی جریان غلیظ زیرین اتفاق می­افتد، بنابراین شناخت آرایه­های مختلف این پدیده در بررسی روند فرسایش و رسوب­گذاری و مدیریت آن در مخازن سدها ضروری به نظر می­رسد. یکی از آرایه­های مهم در پدیده جریان غلیظ، کشش آب ساکن توسط جریان غلیظ می­باشد. در تحقیق حاضر کشش در ناحیه­ی غوطه­وری این جریان­ها، تحت تأثیر غلظت جریان ورودی، شیب کف، دبی ورودی و ارتفاع آب ساکن توسط مدل فیزیکی مورد تحقیق قرار گرفته­است. آزمایش­ها در یک فلوم با طول 75/9 متر و عرض 50 سانتیمتر و ارتفاع 80 سانتیمتر در سه شیب و چهار غلظت با دبی متفاوت انجام شدند. نتایج آزمایش­ها حاکی از تأثیر مستقیم شیب کف بر میزان کشش آب ساکن در ناحیه غوطه­وری می­باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
462 - بررسی تاثیر تغییرات پارامترهای شیب، دبی و غلظت، بر شدت اختلاط جریان غلیظ در مقاطع همگرا
ایوب مرادی مهدی قمشی بهنام سروری نژادسدسازی از هزاران سال قبل از میلاد، فنی شناخته شده بود و انسان همواره با کمک آن سعی در حفظ و بهره­برداری از منابع آبهای سطحی داشته است.ولی معضل رسوب گذاری همواره به عنوان مهم ترین عامل، در کوتاه کردن عمر مفید سدها مطرح بوده است و سدهای مخزنی زیادی بدلیل پرشدن از رسو Moreسدسازی از هزاران سال قبل از میلاد، فنی شناخته شده بود و انسان همواره با کمک آن سعی در حفظ و بهره­برداری از منابع آبهای سطحی داشته است.ولی معضل رسوب گذاری همواره به عنوان مهم ترین عامل، در کوتاه کردن عمر مفید سدها مطرح بوده است و سدهای مخزنی زیادی بدلیل پرشدن از رسوب، متروکه شده اند. یکی از مهمترین پدیده­ها در رسوبگذاری مخازن، جریانهای غلیظ می­باشند که باید نقش این جریانها در فرایند رسوبگذاری مخازن، شناسایی شده و با شناخت پارامترهای مختلف این جریان، نسبت به مدیریت رسوب مخازن، اقدامات موثر را انجام داد. لذا در این تحقیق، تاثیر تغییرات پارامترهای دبی، شیب و غلظت، روی شدت اختلاط جریان غلیظ و آب ساکن در مقاطع همگرا، در یک فلوم با شیب کف قابل تغییر، عرض 5/72 سانتی متر، عمق 60 سانتی متر و طول 6 متر در سه زاویه همگرایی 8 ،16 و 25 درجه در آزمایشگاه مدل­های هیدرولیکی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز پرداخته شده است. نتایج نشان می­دهند با افزایش پارامترهای دبی و شیب، شدت اختلاط جریان غلیظ، افزایش یافته و با افزایش غلظت، از مقدار آن کاسته می­شود و در نهایت برای شدت اختلاط در هر یک از زوایای همگرا، رابطه­ای ارائه شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
463 - A hybrid matrix evaluation of inventories based on the inherent capability and Actual sales
mehran khalaj Amir hossien khalajDemand for after-sales parts companies depends on various parameters and is not always predictable. Mainly basic information for reasons such as poor quality of some parts, there are other competitors in the market and similar items, consequently, the decision and possi MoreDemand for after-sales parts companies depends on various parameters and is not always predictable. Mainly basic information for reasons such as poor quality of some parts, there are other competitors in the market and similar items, consequently, the decision and possibly dissatisfaction customers have the kind of ambiguity and uncertainty. So in order to make decisions in such circumstances need for an appropriate model that could at any moment that at any moment can monitor inventory and the actual performance available to provide an appropriate framework. . In this paper a matrix model presented has the ability to check the status of real and can be predicted the situation is predicted real and can be a model for decision-making in such circumstances.Another advantage is that the proposed method can be extended discussion of the applicability of its production to companies and organizations. In this paper a matrix model presented has the ability to check the status of real and can be predicted the situation is predicted real and can be a model for decision-making in such circumstances.Another advantage is that the proposed method can be extended discussion of the applicability of its production to companies and organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
464 - Validation the intelligence Model of Petrochemical Industry Parent Co.
ali abdali gholamreza godarzi Tsohrabi sohrabiThe importance of petrochemicals as the largest private sector in the country in terms of value creation for subsidiaries and the use of a smart model is of paramount importance. The purpose of this study was to present and validate the intelligence model of the petroch MoreThe importance of petrochemicals as the largest private sector in the country in terms of value creation for subsidiaries and the use of a smart model is of paramount importance. The purpose of this study was to present and validate the intelligence model of the petrochemical firm's parent firm and provide related solutions. The research is of mixed type which is interviewed by managers in petrochemical industry through snowball sampling and the interviews continued until a theoretical saturation of 23 interviews was reached. Research propositions were analyzed using the data base method and MAXQDA software. The statistical population includes 462 managers of the Persian Gulf Petrochemical Company. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 90 managers of the subsidiaries at different levels. Finally, 82 questionnaires were identified for proper analysis. Factor analysis was performed using SPSS and WarpPLS software to analyze quantitative data. The intelligence model of the petrochemical firm specializes in 550 open source code divided into 95 common propositions. The propositions at this level are divided into 13 main categories and 4 concepts that include concepts: strategic decisions (with a beta coefficient of 0.979), tasks, services and resources (0.987), creator / creators of capital and structures (0.974), systems and processes (0.980). The beta coefficients obtained from the data analysis in the quantitative section indicate the high importance of each of the concepts and quantities of fit and factor analysis to confirm the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
465 - The Investigation of Relationship between Cash Conversion Cycle and Liquidity Ratios in Companies Listed on Tehran Stock Exchange
Zohreh Hajiha Fereshteh FeizabadiThe main objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between cash conversion cycle and liquidity ratios in Iranian companies' context. The study indicates that there is a positive correlation between cash conversion cycle and quick and current ratios. MoreThe main objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between cash conversion cycle and liquidity ratios in Iranian companies' context. The study indicates that there is a positive correlation between cash conversion cycle and quick and current ratios. Cash conversion cycle can be defined as a technique to evaluate the working capital indicating the average of liquidity situation of a company. Therefore, the statistical population of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) was examined in this research. Using randomly sampling, 180 companies were selected as the research sample. The research hypotheses were tested by correlation and regression methods. The findings demonstrated a positive strong significant correlation between cash conversion cycle and quick ratio; however, there is no significant correlation between cash conversion cycle and current ratio. There is, also, a negative significant correlation between cash conversion cycle and inventory conversion period. These results imply that quick ratio is a strong indicator of company liquidity; nonetheless, inventory has a negative effect on liquidity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
466 - Perspectives of educational administrators and leaders in evaluating the quality of performance of Farhangian University graduates and graduates of a one-year teacher training course based on the model of John Wiles and Joseph Bundy
maryam hafezian yasaman alimohammadiThe aim of this study was to compare the performance quality of four-year graduates of Farhangian University and graduates of one-year training course (Article 28) of Farhangian University of North Khorasan from the perspective of educational administrators and leaders MoreThe aim of this study was to compare the performance quality of four-year graduates of Farhangian University and graduates of one-year training course (Article 28) of Farhangian University of North Khorasan from the perspective of educational administrators and leaders based on the model of John Wales and Joseph Bundy. The research method is based on the applied purpose and based on the data collection method, a descriptive survey and statistical population including 125 graduates of the four-year course of Farhangian University and 165 graduates of the one-year course (skills training) of Farhangian University in the academic year 2018 to 2020 They were teaching in the primary schools of North Khorasan province. According to Morgan's table, 97 four-year graduates and 113 one-year graduates were selected by stratified random sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was completed and collected by educational administrators and leaders. After confirming the validity, the reliability of the questionnaire was 0.95 using Cronbach's alpha. SPSS - V23 software was used for statistical analysis of data. The results showed that the graduates of Farhangian University four-year course in each of the six components of performance appraisal from the point of view of John Wales and Joseph Bondi (improvement and education, professional growth, human relations, administrative affairs, evaluation, curriculum planning) have a higher average than the graduates. They have taken a one-year (skills training) course at this university. Therefore, it can be concluded that the quality of performance of the graduates of the four-year course of Farhangian University is higher than that of the graduates of the one-year course (skills training) of this university. Therefore, it can be concluded that the quality of performance of the graduates of the four-year course of Farhangian University is higher than that of the graduates of the one-year course (skills training) of this university. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
467 - Gap Analysis Based on the Effect of Effective Educational Methods on Sustainable Development
Taraneh Enayati samaneh karami kiumars NiazazariThe aim of this study was to investigate the educational methods effective on sustainable development and to evaluate its current and optimal status.Research Methodology: This descriptive research was of survey-applied type, based on the methods of analyzing the current MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the educational methods effective on sustainable development and to evaluate its current and optimal status.Research Methodology: This descriptive research was of survey-applied type, based on the methods of analyzing the current and optimal situation gap and in the group of mixed studies of exploratory type (qualitative and quantitative). Participants in the quality section included 10 experts and specialists in the education system who were purposefully selected through a sequential snowball sampling method. The statistical population in the quantitative stage consisted of 440 managers, responsible experts and experts of the General Department of Education in Tehran. The sample size was calculated based on Cochran's formula as of 205 people. The sampling procedure was done through stratified random sampling according to the subject's organizational position. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part was a researcher-made questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis, paired t-test and Wilcoxon tests were used to analyze the data.Findings: The results of the qualitative part of the research indicated that the educational methods affecting sustainable development include 7 components and the difference between the current and optimal situation has been significant and large.Conclusion: Therefore, in order to move from the current situation to an optimal situation of sustainable development, it is necessary for the education system to give a special importance to the educational methods affecting sustainable development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
468 - The relationship between parental bonding and coping strategies with stress with the tendency to risky behaviors in male students in Ahwaz's high school
Fatemeh Behbahani Nejad Behnam MakvandiThe goal of this research is determination of the relationship between parental bonding and coping strategies with stress with high-risk behaviors in secondary school students in Ahwaz. The population of this research is formed by all secondary school students in Ahwaz. MoreThe goal of this research is determination of the relationship between parental bonding and coping strategies with stress with high-risk behaviors in secondary school students in Ahwaz. The population of this research is formed by all secondary school students in Ahwaz. To test the hypotheses 300 students were selected by multistage random sampling method. To measure studied variables were used questionnaire of links to parents, coping with stress and tendency to risky behaviors. The analysis of correlation coefficients for all assumptions are meaningful in p ≤ 0.01 level, Multiple correlation coefficient for the linear combination of variables of links parents, coping strategies with stress with the tendency to high-risk behaviors are equal to MR=0.55 which is meaningful in p ≤ 0.01 level. In other words, 30% of the variance in risky behavior is explained by these variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
469 - The relationship between parent - child conflict and family emotional conditions with academic performance in the first period high school students Karun City
Saeed BakhtiarporrThe aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between parent - child conflict and family emotional conditions with academic performance. The statistical community was all the first period high school students Karun City which 170 of them were selected thr MoreThe aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between parent - child conflict and family emotional conditions with academic performance. The statistical community was all the first period high school students Karun City which 170 of them were selected through multistage random sampling method. All participants were to complete parent - child conflict questionnaire and family emotional conditions questionnaire and data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression. The Results showed that there are a significant negative correlation between parent - child conflict with academic performance (r=-0/14, p<0/05), but there is no significant relationship between family emotional conditions and academic performance (r=0/09, p>0/05). Also the results of the simultaneous enter regression analysis showed that there are no significant multiple relationship between independent variables and academic performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
470 - Comparing the Effects of Group Training of Mindful parenting skills on stress and psychological Flexibility in Mothers with Blind Girl students
Fatemeh Sharif mohamady Maryam choramy tayebeh sharifi a hmad ghzanfariThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindful parenting skills group training on the body and psychological resilience of mothers of blind female students. This study was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of implementati MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindful parenting skills group training on the body and psychological resilience of mothers of blind female students. This study was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of implementation with a quasi-experimental design with repeated measures design with a control group. The study population was the mothers of lean female students, from which 72 people were selected by available sampling method and were replaced in two experimental groups and one control group (24 people in each group). The experimental group was trained in 8 sessions of 9 minutes with the method of mindfulness. In order to collect information from the Abedin Parenting Questionnaire (1992), they completed the psychological flexibility of Bond et al. (2011). Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 software and analysis of variance. The results showed that mindful parenting training was effective in improving the stress and psychological resilience of mothers and these results continued until the follow-up stage (p 0.0 0.01). The results indicate the importance of mindfulness in improving stress, psychological resilience of mothers. Therefore, exceptional school counselors can use the mindfulness method to reduce stress and increase mothers' psychological resilience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
471 - Effectiveness of Mothers' parenting training on reduction of affective - behavioral problems in preschool children 8 to 12 years old
mohammad ahangarcani maryam hashemi fatemeh keshtlar Azam HabibollahiThe Aim of the present study was to investigate the Effectiveness of Mothers' parenting training on reduction of affective - behavioral problems in preschool children 4 to 6 years old. The Methods of present study was a quasi-experimental research and a pretest- posttes MoreThe Aim of the present study was to investigate the Effectiveness of Mothers' parenting training on reduction of affective - behavioral problems in preschool children 4 to 6 years old. The Methods of present study was a quasi-experimental research and a pretest- posttest design with control group and follow up. The statistical population were included all mothers preschool children with affective – behavioral problems in the Babol city. Research sample consisted of parents of 22 children with affective- behavioral problem who volunteered to take part in the study and who were chosen by available sampling. They were divided randomly into an experimental and control group. The experimental group received parental training which was comprised of eight sessions during a two month period. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). research finding indicate that affective-behavioral problems of the experimental group was reduced significantly )P<0/034( more than the control group .follow up tests indicated the relative stability of the effects of parenting training program after three months (P<0/001). parenting training program is an effective method for reducing affective-behavioral problems in children. It is recommended that did counselors and psychologists administer parenting training program as part of treatment for reducing affective – behavioral problems of children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
472 - The Prediction of Oppositional Defiant Disorder based on parenting styles, personality traits, and parental perfectionism traits
sadegh taghiloo Roghayeh Abdolmohammadi Mohsen JadidiThe aim of the present study was to predict Oppositional Defiant Disorder based on parenting styles, personality traits and perfectionist characteristics of parents. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data colle MoreThe aim of the present study was to predict Oppositional Defiant Disorder based on parenting styles, personality traits and perfectionist characteristics of parents. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection. The statistical population included all children aged 7 to 10 years in Tehran in the academic year 1398. 250 people were selected by available sampling. The research instruments were pediatric symptom questionnaires (Gadow and Sparfkin, 1994), parenting styles (Bamrind, 1991), neo-personality traits (McCray and Costa, 1992) and perfectionism (Frost et al. 1990). The reliability of the questionnaires was calculated using Cronbach's alpha method, the value of which was higher than 0.7 for all four questionnaires. Content validity was also used to test the validity of the questionnaire, for which the questionnaires were approved by the relevant experts. Data analysis was performed from questionnaires through spss-22 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression). The results of data analysis showed authoritarian parenting style, 17% and psychoticism can be 24% positively and meaningfully, extroversion and adaptability variables 19% and 23% respectively negatively and meaningfully, as well as worry about mistakes, doubts about actions, parental criticism and personal standards. 13%, 24%, 34% and 28%, respectively, are able to positively and significantly predict the variable of confrontational disobedience (P <0.05). Therefore, based on the findings of the present study, Oppositional Defiant in children is related to parenting styles, personality traits and perfectionist characteristics of parents and can be predicted by it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
473 - Developing a structural model of Self-Handicapping based on time perspective, intelligence beliefs and perceived parenting style by mediating
Fatemeh Maghsoudlonejad Majid Saffarinia ali shirafkankopkanThe aim of this study was to present a structural model of self-handicapping based on time perspective, intelligence beliefs and perceived parenting style mediated by academic self-efficacy in students. The research method was descriptive and structural equation modelin MoreThe aim of this study was to present a structural model of self-handicapping based on time perspective, intelligence beliefs and perceived parenting style mediated by academic self-efficacy in students. The research method was descriptive and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study was all high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2020. The sample size was 400 students who were selected by cluster sampling (4 schools). The research instruments included the On and Framan (1998) Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, the Jones & Rodwalt Self-Handicapping Scale (1982), the Zimbardo Time Perspective Questionnaire (1999), the Grolenick Perceived Parenting Questionnaire (1997), and the Abdolfattah & Yates (2006) Intelligence Beliefs Scale. The collected data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The results of data analysis showed that the prediction model of self-handicapping based on time perspective, intelligence beliefs and perceived parenting style mediated by academic self-efficacy based on experimental data has a good fit. The direct and indirect effects of time perspective and intelligence beliefs on students' self-handicapping were also confirmed (p <0.05). Perceived parenting style and academic self-efficacy directly affect self- handicapping (p <0.05). The present study showed that academic self-efficacy has a mediating role in explaining and predicting students' self-disability. This variable is influenced by time perspective, IQ beliefs and perceived parenting style and on the other hand can have a significant effect on students' self-disability. Each research work has its own limitations, and this research is no exception to this rule. Among the limitations of this study include: Structural relationships of variables were tested by modeling structural equations which is a non-experimental method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
474 - The modeling of positive youth development on the basis of self- regulation social competence and parental bonding
Somayeh Dolati Roya Kouchakentezar Zohreh SadeghiafjehThe aim of this study was to model adolescent positive development based on self-regulation, social competence and parental bonding. The research method is correlation based on structural equations. The statistical population included all female students of the second y MoreThe aim of this study was to model adolescent positive development based on self-regulation, social competence and parental bonding. The research method is correlation based on structural equations. The statistical population included all female students of the second year of high school in Tehran, who are studying in 1998-99. Using cluster random sampling method, 400 students were selected. Instruments included: Goldoff Adolescent Positive Transformation Questionnaire (2014), Self-Regulation Questionnaire (2007), Flanner's Social Competence Questionnaire (1990), Parker Parental Transplant Questionnaire (1979). Data were analyzed using structural equation method. Perceptions of social competence can motivate students to engage in transformational tasks and life challenges and desirable conditions, and adolescents with high competence perceptions have appropriate adaptive functions. Therefore, motivational factors such as students' confidence in their abilities can be considered as predictors of positive adolescent development. One of the components of the external dimension and important in the process of positive development of adolescence, which is based on research results, is the parental bond, the family is the first context and context that the student experiences. Overall, the results of this study show that to model the positive development of adolescence, self-regulation, social competence and parental bonding can be emphasized and the obtained model can be used in teaching positive adolescent development. Also, the results of the study showed that the research has a good fit and the positive development of adolescence can be predicted based on the variables of self-regulation, social competence and parental bond and the research hypotheses were confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
475 - Developing and testing of the causal model of students' tendency to addiction based on differentiation through alexithymia and responsibility
Shabnam Kamkar Noorali Farrokhi Hossein Salimi Bajestani mozhgan mardani radThe purpose of this study was to develop and test a causal model of students' tendency to addiction based on differentiation through alexithymia and responsibility. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study included a MoreThe purpose of this study was to develop and test a causal model of students' tendency to addiction based on differentiation through alexithymia and responsibility. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study included all undergraduate students of Azad University units in Tehran in the academic year of 2018-19. Cluster sampling was used to select the sample under study, with 350 students being selected as the sample group. Research instruments included the the Wade and Butcher Addiction Scale (1992), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (1994), the Scorn and Friedlander Differentiation Scale (1998), Nemati Responsibility Scale (1387). They were. Descriptive (mean, standard deviation, tilting and elongation) and inferential (structural equation modeling) methods were used for data analysis using SPSS and Amos software. The results of the measurement model analysis showed that the factor structure of the research scales was acceptable. The results of the conceptual model test indicated that the fit indices of the research model were in good condition. The hypothesis regarding the indirect effect of differentiation on students' tendency to addiction through alexithymia and responsibility was confirmed (p <0.05). The findings of the study indicated that the conceptual model of the research was appropriate. Accordingly, in addiction treatment clinics, attention to antidepressant antecedents and differentiation is necessary to reduce the level of tendency to addiction. . Subsequent results of the study showed that the hypothesis regarding the indirect effect of differentiation on students' addiction tendency mediated by emotional malaise and responsibility was rejected by 95%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
476 - Predicting Quality of Life through components of Attachment to Parents and Self-Compassion in girls under care in care centers
Maryam Sarempour Bagher Ghobari Bonab Fariborz BagheriThe goal of this research, Investigating the Relationship between components of Attachment to Parents and Quality of Life of unattended and badattended girls and it was the study of the mediating role of Self- Compassion. In this study, the relationship between self-com MoreThe goal of this research, Investigating the Relationship between components of Attachment to Parents and Quality of Life of unattended and badattended girls and it was the study of the mediating role of Self- Compassion. In this study, the relationship between self-compassion and quality of life was tried. Research method, It is a descriptive and correlational design of path analysis. The statistical population of the study consisted of all unattended and badattended girls aged 7 to 19 years that in 2019 year the number of them in the detention centers under the supervision of Tehran Welfare Organization was 450. Utilizing the Cochran's formula, 241 person selected by random sampling. Tools used in the research were the World Health Organization Quality of Life group- BREF (WHO-QOL-BREF) (1996), The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-Revised (IPPA-R) Armsden & Greenberg (1987) and the Self- Compassion Scale (SCS) of Neff (2003). The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlation coefficient and path analysis using SPSS and AMOS software. The results of analysis of variance showed that the relationship between all variables of the research is linear. Among the components of Attachment to Parents, Parental trust also directly and with the mediation of Self-Compassion the positive predictors of Quality of life for unattended and badattended girls were. Among the components of Self - Compassion, extreme Self-Esteem and isolation were inversely predictors of Quality of life. The findings of this study are in line with the research background It seems to have an effect on Safe Attachment to Parents On the indicators of Quality of life and its interaction with the Structure of Self- Compassion Which includes clinical implications It can also be used in prevention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
477 - The effectiveness of Seligman parenting training on child abuse tendencies and parenting self-efficacy in mothers with a history of child abuse
mahmood moradi Zahra Yousefi Mansoureh BahramipourIntroduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Seligman parenting training on child abuse tendencies and parenting self-efficacy in mothers with a history of child abuse in Isfahan. Methods: The quasi-experimental research method was pretest MoreIntroduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Seligman parenting training on child abuse tendencies and parenting self-efficacy in mothers with a history of child abuse in Isfahan. Methods: The quasi-experimental research method was pretest-posttest with follow-up. For this purpose, among the clients of social emergency centers in 2019, 40 mothers with a history of child abuse were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Subjects in both groups answered the questionnaires of child abuse tendency (Shamaizadeh Yousefi, 2018) and parenting self-efficacy (Dumka, 1996) in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90-minute Seligman parenting style training but the control group did not receive any training. To analyze data from descriptive statistical methods (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical methods (Analysis of variance of repeated measures) was used. Results: The results showed that Seligman parenting style training generally reduces the tendency to child abuse and also increases the self-efficacy of mothers with a history of child abuse (P<0.05). Conclusions: As regard to results, it can be said, to improve child abuse tendency and parenting efficacy, Seligman parenting is suitable method among women with history of child abuse Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
478 - Examination relationship between Emotionalintelligence, social adjustmentanddifferentiationwith resilency in female studentsof RamhormzIslamic Azad University
Taiabeh Sarkohaki Rezvan HomaeiThe aim of this study the relationship between emotional intelligence, social adjustment and differentiation act with flexibility in female students of Ramhormz Islamic Azad University. The study sample included 200 offemale students of Islamic Azad University of MoreThe aim of this study the relationship between emotional intelligence, social adjustment and differentiation act with flexibility in female students of Ramhormz Islamic Azad University. The study sample included 200 offemale students of Islamic Azad University of RÄmhormoz that which were selected by random cluster sampling . Present research was correlation type.Datacollection toolsincluded: questionnaire of emotional intelligence (Petrides and Farnham, 2001), social adjustment (Pickel and Weissmann, 1999) , differentiation (Drake, 2011) flexibility, interaction (Kanrvdyvydsvn, 2003) . The datawere analyzedusingPearson correlationandmultiple regression in significant level 0/001. The results showedthatthere was a significant and positive relationshipbetween emotional intelligence, social adjustment and differentiation with resilency. The results ofmultiple regression analysisshowed multiple correlationbetween emotional intelligence, social adjustment and differentiation with resilency and social adjustmentweregoodpredictors of resilency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
479 - Explain the relationship between communication beliefs, sexual satisfaction and differentiation with marital intimacy
Zahra jani ali delavarThe aim of this study was to explain the relationship between communication beliefs, sexual satisfaction and differentiation with marital intimacy. The statistical population of this study included all married women who referred to health centers in Tehran in 1398.  MoreThe aim of this study was to explain the relationship between communication beliefs, sexual satisfaction and differentiation with marital intimacy. The statistical population of this study included all married women who referred to health centers in Tehran in 1398. 320 people were selected as a sample according to Morgan’s table, which finally considering the possible sample reduction, 350 married women were selected. The sampling method in this study was multistage cluster sampling. Edelson-Epstein (1981) Relational Belief Inventory, Larson Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (1988), Scorne and Friedlander Differentiation Scale Differentiation of Self-Inventory (1998), and Marital intimacy questionnaire (1995) Couple Intimacy Questionnaire were used to collect data. Findings were analyzed using correlation statistical method in SPSS software version 22. The results showed that there was a direct and negative correlation (-0.145) between communication beliefs with couple intimacy and significant positive correlation (0.315) between sexual satisfaction and couple intimacy; although there is no significant relationship (0.006) between differentiation and couples intimacy at the level of p <0.01. Therefore, it can be concluded that in order to promote couple’s intimacy, components such as communication beliefs, sexual satisfaction, and differentiation can be taught and reduced high divorce rate due to the lack of these skills. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
480 - Stylistic analysis of footnote or popular novel with a look at the social and political novel of the constitutional period "Tehran Horrible" by Mushfiq Kazemi
akram asgari Fatemeh Pakroo Hamid reza ardestanirostamiContext and purpose: style is the author's or poet's method to show the specific desired content, knowledge and his point of view. These works examine its intellectual, literary and linguistic features. Pa Varagi novel is a new phenomenon and a branch of literature. Thi MoreContext and purpose: style is the author's or poet's method to show the specific desired content, knowledge and his point of view. These works examine its intellectual, literary and linguistic features. Pa Varagi novel is a new phenomenon and a branch of literature. This type of contemporary literary flow, with its artistic language, attracts people's attention and has its roots in popular literature. and is a reflection of the current issues of the society. It reflects political, social and historical realities like a mirror.Study method: This essay has investigated the narration, perspective and intellectual content with a descriptive-analytical method. The noteworthy point is the perspective of the work.Findings: Pa Varagi's novels as a social novel along with the growth and richness of the literary stream that people pay attention to show the weaknesses and cultural defects of the society with simple language and general structure. Findings: Pavaragi novels as a social novel along with the growth and richness of the literary stream that people pay attention to show the weaknesses and cultural defects of the society with simple language and overall structure.Conclusion: With the political, social and cultural upheavals of the late Qajar period, the writers decided to tell the nakedness of the society. Mushfiq Kazemi's first footnote novel "Tehran Makhuf" centered on love, in simple prose of a newspaper in the language of reportage. , with the aim of expressing the sufferings, problems and corruption of the government of that period, he published it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
481 - To Laugh in Other Method:Shams and Maulânâ’s Ironic Narratives in Maghâlât (Essays)
Mohammad Morad IraniMysticism have a great partake in Persian literature and literary creations, so the thought, ethic and theosophical literature have influenced on most of the first rate literary works. Sufism literature is a type of didactic literature. The MoreMysticism have a great partake in Persian literature and literary creations, so the thought, ethic and theosophical literature have influenced on most of the first rate literary works. Sufism literature is a type of didactic literature. Theosophical poetry and prose have applied to educating mystical codes and moral regulations, and sometimes to explanation of mystical idioms. The theosophic preceptor, makes use of lingual abilities and didactic skills in literary styles in wise preacher role ,because he'll teach thoughts and practical experiences. Irony is one of these techniques. Sufi makes use of the ironic diction,in multiple forms and various styles of irony, for teaching mystical codes and moral regulations. Sometimes, mystical irony or Sufic criticism is inconsiderate and insolence. Sufi is a humorist , deviationist and a taboo breaker (a taboo desecrator ). Whenever, it is necessary he breakes up any sanctums. Basically, theosophistُs approach in irony is a teachable strategy for instruction of mystical codes and moral principles. It is caused of a special method and a particular style that, we can call it didactic, schoolarly, pulpitarian mysticism. Utilization of short or long anecdotes and seasoning them with irony is a specification of popular mysticism. The writer, begins this paper by an introduction to the irony and different types of it – with a glance at theosophical works, specially Shams and Maulânâ’s words in Maghâlât, and Fih – e - mâ Fih. Then, I explaned samples of quip from Maghâlât (essays). The selected samples of narratives in this research, have been presented in a doubled distribution- once with respect to content of narratives and other time in regard to kind of irony in anecdotes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
482 - The Study of Colloquil Language in Khaghani,s Poetical Works
Askari Ebrahimi JuybariWords, idioms, expressions, proverbs, ironies and the phrases that are commonly used among the public samples of colloquial language from the begining of Persian titeratune, since poem be longed to the court and faced with critiques of laureates and because some emirs a MoreWords, idioms, expressions, proverbs, ironies and the phrases that are commonly used among the public samples of colloquial language from the begining of Persian titeratune, since poem be longed to the court and faced with critiques of laureates and because some emirs and ministers were also poets who looked at poems eritically, for this reason , poets made great effort to edit their poems and tried their best to use eloquen in their works. Naturally, the use of slang colloquial expressions in poem required specid delicacy and exactness. A poet who lives a mong the public and spends his life time with such people is a reper toire of popular idioms and proverbs and is able to use such devices abun dantly in his works. One of the great poets in whose poetical works, we cam abun dantly find colloquial language is khghani sharvani. He employed popular works, compounds and expressions so skifully that most readers are not able to distinguish them at the first glance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
483 - “Selecting target literary texts , a solution for raising perception in Elementery School Students”
Golbarg Zehni Arsalan GolfamThe Persian training book is the base of forming sort literary in children*s mind ,so attention to language functions and analysis of the deviations can be useful for instilling concepts.In this research it is tried to examine this issue by Jacobsen and Leach theo MoreThe Persian training book is the base of forming sort literary in children*s mind ,so attention to language functions and analysis of the deviations can be useful for instilling concepts.In this research it is tried to examine this issue by Jacobsen and Leach theory and determine how much these factors are used in the contexts which the students have a greater understanding and how priority of their applications are .In according to large amount of content, only the poetries of reading book in 5th grade of elementary stage were assested. . The statiscal society were 100 boy students in Tehran.The result of this research can be useful for enhancing the quality of written educational contents which are special for this age. As the result , studies have shown that the refrential role and time deviation are more used in poetry with high concept. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
484 - Predictive model of administrative system transformation in the field of human resources
Reza Farahmand Sanjar Salajegheh Masoud Pourkiani Saeed SayadiThe aim of this study was to design a model for predicting the evolution of the administrative system in the field of human resources. The existing research is applied and developmental in terms of purpose and a mixed exploratory research in terms of method. The statist MoreThe aim of this study was to design a model for predicting the evolution of the administrative system in the field of human resources. The existing research is applied and developmental in terms of purpose and a mixed exploratory research in terms of method. The statistical population of the study included all employees of the executive bodies of Kerman in the number of 23,270 people who were selected as a sample using stratified random sampling method of 450 people. To collect data, two researcher-made questionnaires were used to prevent the implementation of administrative system transformation in the field of human resources and administrative system transformation. The results showed that the conceptual model of the research has an acceptable fit and the factors hindering the evolution of the administrative system in the field of human resources are: Inadequacy, inadequate education, lack of welfare, inadequate retirement benefits, inadequate evaluation, high degree of politicization, bureaucratic domination, institutional, technical and administrative incompetence, Lack of attention to the simultaneous implementation of public interests and administrative rights, weakness of information and communication technologies, lack of effective causal conditions, cultural, political, managerial, judicial, value and structural factors, ambiguity of goals and lack of dominance of continuous improvement thinking, These factors explain 0.35 of the variance of the administrative transformation system in the field of human resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
485 - Effect of Concurrent Lower Body Endurance Training and Upper Body Resistance on CRP, Blood Lipid Profile and Endurance and Resistance Performance of Overweight and Obese Girls
Khalid Mohamadzadeh salamat parisa mokri babamiriThis study investigated the effect of 12weeks of lower body endurance training (LBET, 40 min endurance training on ergometer), upper body resistance training (UBRT, 40 min upper body resistance training), concurrent endurance and resistance training (CERT, 20 min lower MoreThis study investigated the effect of 12weeks of lower body endurance training (LBET, 40 min endurance training on ergometer), upper body resistance training (UBRT, 40 min upper body resistance training), concurrent endurance and resistance training (CERT, 20 min lower body endurance + upper body resistance training) and control (C, no training) on CRP, serum lipids and lipoproteins, VO2max, and maximum strength of leg pressures (LP) and chest press (CP) in overweight girls. Forty-eight overweight and obese girls (BMI> 25 kg / m2) were randomly divided into four equally numbers groups. Measurements were performed before the beginning of the training and 24 hours after the last training session. The results showed a significant difference in CRP (P = 0.001), LDL-C (P = 0.014), cholesterol (P = 0.001) and VO2max (P = 0.001) between LBET and UBRT and also in CRP groups (P = 0.031) and LP (P = 0.008) between LBET and UBRT groups. However, there was no significant difference in HDL-C and TG between groups (P> 0.05). After the training, there was a significant decrease in LDL-C and TG concentrations in all intervention groups and CRP, HDL-C, VO2max, CP and cholesterol in LBET and CERT groups (P <0.05). Also, there was a significant increase in CP in UBRT and CERT groups. Therefore, it can be concluded that doing concurrent training with the allocation of half the duration of each of LBET and UBRT interventions, improves the inflammation, lipid profiles, and endurance and resistance performance of overweight and obese girls. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
486 - Theoretical and Numerical Study of ultrasonic guided waves reflection from corrosion defect in the pipe
Pezhman Taghipour BirganiIn this article, reflection coefficient of ultrasonic guided waves from surface of a circumferential corrosion is evaluated to find the relation between this coefficient and the size of defect. In the present work, firstly, by solving the governing equations of the wave MoreIn this article, reflection coefficient of ultrasonic guided waves from surface of a circumferential corrosion is evaluated to find the relation between this coefficient and the size of defect. In the present work, firstly, by solving the governing equations of the wave propagation with general matrix method and according to the boundary conditions in the pipe, dispersion curves of the phase velocity and group velocity were obtained, then simulation of wave propagation was performed using Abaqus finite element software. In this method, a longitudinal L(0,2) mode, which has good frequency characteristics, was used to generate the wave in the pipe. After determining the convergence, the wave propagation was carried out in the pipe with different dimension of defect. It was observed that part of the generated wave after collision to defect was reflected and various modes were generated that the first reflected mode was L(0,2) and the second reflected mode according to the group velocity dispersion curves of different modes was F(1,2). Different reflection coefficients were obtained due to different dimension of defects, and it was observed that with increasing defect depth, the reflection coefficient of the reflected wave also increased. In this article, the effect of circumferential corrosion width on the reflection coefficient of longitudinal wave has been investigated and it has been observed that the reflection coefficient of waves depends only on the depth of the defect and does not change much with the change of circumferential corrosion width. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
487 - Comparison of the effect of resistance, endurance and concurrent exercises on adiponectin gene expression in hand and foot muscle tissues of male Wistar rats
zahra malekian Tahereh Bagherpoor Nematollah NematiBackground & Aim: Adiponectin is a type of adipokine that is involved in sugar and lipid metabolism, this adipokine is in addition to the tissue that it is like and can become. The present study was designed to compare the effect of endurance, resistance and combined ex MoreBackground & Aim: Adiponectin is a type of adipokine that is involved in sugar and lipid metabolism, this adipokine is in addition to the tissue that it is like and can become. The present study was designed to compare the effect of endurance, resistance and combined exercises on the level of adiponectin gene expression in the hand and leg muscles of Wistar rats. Materials & methods: The current study is an experimental research in which 40 healthy male Wistar rats were divided into four ten groups of control, resistance training, endurance and combined. Each group did their own exercises for 8 weeks. Finally, hand and foot muscles were examined to measure the adiponectin gene. Results: The results of the analyzes showed that the level of adiponectin gene expression was different among all groups (P < 0.001). The relative expression of adiponectin gene in all training groups increased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0.001).Also, comparing exercise groups together, combined exercises had the greatest effect and resistance exercise had the least effect. In intra-group comparison, adiponectin gene expression was higher in hand muscle than leg muscle during resistance training (P = 0.047), but gene expression was higher in leg muscle during endurance training (P = 0.029). These two muscles were not significantly different during combined training (P = 0.086). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, all types of sports training can increase the expression of adiponectin gene, but combined, endurance and resistance training have the greatest effect, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
488 - Critical search for corporate control methods in Parent firms
Parinaz Arabzadeh Hamed Rahmani Ali MohtashamiAlthough the expansion of parent firms is of great importance to economic development and their central role in the administration of diverse businesses and value creation is undeniable, one of the main concerns of these firms and managers of subsidiaries is how to esta MoreAlthough the expansion of parent firms is of great importance to economic development and their central role in the administration of diverse businesses and value creation is undeniable, one of the main concerns of these firms and managers of subsidiaries is how to establish relationships or in other words corporate control. Parent firms can control the entire business process of subsidiaries, and this control can be introduced in the form of three styles of strategic planning, financial control and strategic control, which is commonly known as parent control in theoretical literature. However, the complexity of environmental conditions and increasing uncertainties will not allow the adoption of a fixed control style to meet the goals of the parent firms. Therefore, creating an interactive and scenario -based control system is recommended for subsidiaries for long-term survival. In this article, by reviewing the literature on parent firms control and a critical view of the popular methods and styles of controlling subsidiary companies, a new method with an emphasis on participation, interaction and internalization of strategic decisions is presented to cover the current shortcomings and offer a more effective control of firms in changing environments. In the current study, the different categories of parent firms along with their configuration and managerial styles under different conditions, the proportion of characteristics, size, diversity and value -making practices are explained and compared. This review article can be effective for corporate control and can open a new horizon for future researchers to analyze the different styles of parent firms under uncertainty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
489 - Inventing a communication model by creating innovative discussions of parents in the family
Mehrdad Shasavarian Gholamhossein Biabani Ali Mohammad Mazidi SharafabadiPurpose: Considering the importance of communication in the family, the purpose is to invent a communication model by creating innovative conversations on the part of the parents to strengthen the bonds within the family.Methodology: The design and validation of the mod MorePurpose: Considering the importance of communication in the family, the purpose is to invent a communication model by creating innovative conversations on the part of the parents to strengthen the bonds within the family.Methodology: The design and validation of the model was done with a mixed method, and the data was collected through interviews and then questionnaires. The statistical population is family experts and psychologists and then the families of Kermanshah city. Purposive sampling and then random sampling were done and the sample size was determined to be 200 people based on Klein's rule. In the qualitative part, the thematic analysis was done with Maxqda, and factor ranking was done with interpretive structural equations and Micmac.Findings: 21 factors such as respect, mutual understanding, allocation of clarity, awareness and proper implementation of roles, direct verbal and non-verbal relationships, recognition and provision of needs, intimacy of members, religious values, logical beliefs, problem solving, children Proper parenting, consultation between members, etc., were identified as dimensions of the model and they had the highest ranks in the ranking of the two factors of recognition and satisfaction of needs and intimacy between members. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
490 - Creative Pattern of Transparency with an Emphasis on Good Governance for Policy Maker Organizations in Iran
Roya Sepehrnia Mahmood Alborzi Ali Kermanshah Adel Azar Rozita SepehrniaBackground: Globalization and new information technologies provide benefits for organizations, however, it can be useful through transparent governance. Purpose: The main aim was to design a creative pattern of transparency with an emphasis on good governance in policy MoreBackground: Globalization and new information technologies provide benefits for organizations, however, it can be useful through transparent governance. Purpose: The main aim was to design a creative pattern of transparency with an emphasis on good governance in policymaker organizations. Methods: It was a mixed methodology in data type and fundamental research in terms of purpose. Qualitative data collection through Delphi interview questions was done, with targeted sampling and the statistical population of all senior managers, specialists, and policymakers (33 people). In the quantitative part, it was performed with all middle managers, executives, and organizational experts (432 people) through random stratified and cluster sampling by researcher-made survey questionnaires. The content validity and Cronbach alpha reliability were employed. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics including factor analysis, and structural equations. Findings: The results indicated that transparency was the most important dimension including, 2 components of objective and subjective value, 3 subcomponents, and 13 indicators. In organizations, people pay more attention to transparency as an objective value Conclusions: The findings presented a new pattern that results in good governance based on transparency. The managers'­attitude is less sensitive to the subjective value of transparency. In policymaker organizations, people should pay more attention to the subjective value of transparency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
491 - The role of self-compassion and percieved parenting styles on creative thinking of adolescents..
Parima Noroozi Somaye RobatmiliThis study aimed to explaining the role of self-compassion and percieved parenting styles on creative thinking of adolescents. This study was a correlational – descriptive design. The study population was consisted of all high school boy students of Tehran city (d MoreThis study aimed to explaining the role of self-compassion and percieved parenting styles on creative thinking of adolescents. This study was a correlational – descriptive design. The study population was consisted of all high school boy students of Tehran city (district 2) in 2018. 313 students were selected by randomly cluster sampling methods in this research. Instruments for gathering data were the percieved parenting styles questionniqre (Grolnick, 1997), Abedi’s creativity assesment (1984), self-compassion questionnaire (Neff, 2003). Data were analyzed using SPSS.v21 software and statistical tests such as Pearson correlation coefficient and Setpwise regression analysis. The results of analysis showed that there is statistically significant relationship between some components of parenting styles and self-compassion and creative thinking of adolescents. Also, the results of stepwise regression analysis indicated that some components of parenting styles and self-compassion significantly predicted 17 percent of variances in creative thinking of adolescents.. With regards to findings, it seems that parenting styles and self-compassion have important role in creative thinking of adolescents. Applying the findings was discussed theoretical and practical Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
492 - Parent Material Impact on the Geochemical Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Some Important Geological Formations in Zanjan Province
Ali Afshari hossin KhademiConcentrations of heavy metals in soil depending on the parent material and the pedogenic and geochemical processes affect the distribution. This study aimed to determine the concentration and distribution of some heavy metals in soil geochemical distribution derived fr MoreConcentrations of heavy metals in soil depending on the parent material and the pedogenic and geochemical processes affect the distribution. This study aimed to determine the concentration and distribution of some heavy metals in soil geochemical distribution derived from different parent materials in the major geological formations in Zanjan province. For this purpose, number of 67 samples of surface soils from different parent materials, which includes 19 samples igneous parent materials (soils with parent material andesite, basalt, granite, volcanic tuff), 17 soil with sediment parent materials (soil parent material with shale and sandstone) and 31 samples from alluvial deposits were taken. According to the results, the highest mean Cu (38.6), Zn (191.7) and Pb (85.5) in the alluvial parent material, Cr (31.5) and Ni (66) in soils with shale parent material, manganese in soils with granite parent material (674.4) and andesite (673.8) and iron in the soil parent material andesite with (19800) and shale (18600) mg/kg were recorded. The total concentration of cobalt and cadmium in the soil parent material did not show substantial changes. Soil chemical fractionation of various metals was varied. Mobility factor for elements were obtained: Pb(29.8)>Co(25.1)>Ni(18.5)>Cu(6.2)>Zn(5.1). The highest levels of enrichment factor for elements Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu in alluvial parent materials, enrichment factor of nickel, cobalt and manganese in the soil parent material andesite and that for chromium and nickel in soil enriched with shale parent material was obtained. Geo-accumulation indicators showed the similar results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
493 - Research of discharge sediment methods in Sefidrud dam and indication optimal method
رسول Jani علی PanahiAccording to big dam's International commit report, nowadays more than 40000 big dam exist andused to provide water, produce energy, and controlling flood .deposition destroys about 0.5 to 1percent of dams’ reservoir in every year, so building annually 200-400 gre MoreAccording to big dam's International commit report, nowadays more than 40000 big dam exist andused to provide water, produce energy, and controlling flood .deposition destroys about 0.5 to 1percent of dams’ reservoir in every year, so building annually 200-400 great dams is needed. Andignoring, not only cause it to become worse but also it will make solution finding harder. In thisresearch the methods of discharging sediments like dredging, current density and flushing in sefidruddam is studied. Dredging is not a suitable method because of project hard nesses and economicproblems. Current density was the limiting factor to use better of this method, because of a cut off damlocated in 150 meters far from the upstream river, so only flushing method is suitable for dischargesediment if environmental harms reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
494 - Factors affecting the Distribution of some Heavy Metals with Geo-pedological Conditions in different soils near Zanjan province
Ali AfshariThe present study was aimed to evaluate role of Pedogenesis factors and Geo-pedological conditions on Distribution and Chemical speciation of some heavy metals. For this purpose, number of 15 profiles on different parent materials include Granite (Gr), Basalt (Ba), Ande MoreThe present study was aimed to evaluate role of Pedogenesis factors and Geo-pedological conditions on Distribution and Chemical speciation of some heavy metals. For this purpose, number of 15 profiles on different parent materials include Granite (Gr), Basalt (Ba), Andesite (An), Porphyritic (Pr ), Volcanic tuff (Tu) Limeston (Li), Conglomerates (Cg), Shale (Sh), Phyllites (Ph), Sandstone (Sa), Dolomite (Do) and Alluvium (Qa) were excavated around in Zanjan. The concentration and distribution of the elements Cr, Co, Cd, Zn and Pb are more controlled by lithogenic factors while elements Cu, Mn and Ni were affected by bio-geochemical processes factors. Depletion rate was obtained in order of following: (Zn>Co>Cd=Pb>Mn=Cr=Ni=Cu). In the early stages of pedogensis, bedrock and minerals and in its later stages, some soil processes such as calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE), acidity (pH), organic matter and clay create different patterns of enrichment-depletion. Distribution of elements in Entisols, Mollisols and Inceptisols, respectively, were controlled by parent material lithology, organic matter and redistribution calcium carbonated. In Sequential extraction, residual fraction was dominant component in all elements. For cobalt, nickel oxide fraction, for lead carbonate fraction, for copper and zinc, organic fractions were observed. Mobility factor for various elements in the surface horizons were (Pb>Co>Ni>Cu>Zn), respectively. results of extract measured by DTPA-extractible in various elements for lead, copper, nickel, zinc and cobalt were, 2.04, 1.81, 0.84, 0.42 and 0.30 mg/kg respectively and the highest value was observed in surface soil horizons Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
495 - The Role of Family Cohesion and Flexibility in Predicting Parental Self-efficacy in Secondary Education Teachers in Yasuj
Mohammad Mashhadizade Soltanali Kazemi Mohammad Khayer Siamak SamaniPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of family cohesion and flexibility in predicting parental self-efficacy in Yasuj Secondary School Teachers. Methodology: This study was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population includes MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of family cohesion and flexibility in predicting parental self-efficacy in Yasuj Secondary School Teachers. Methodology: This study was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population includes Yasuj Secondary Secondary Education Teachers who were teaching in the academic year 2018-17. Sample size included 150 secondary school teachers who were selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected and analyzed using the Domka and et al (1996), Shakeri Family Flexibility Scale (1999) and Samani Family Cohesion Questionnaire (2002). The reliability of the research instruments was estimated 0.71, 0.77 and 0.81 respectively using Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Data were analyzed using linear regression at the significant level of 0.05. Findings: Based on the findings of Flexibility and Family Cohesion were able to predict parental self-efficacy (P <0.001). Conclusion: Families with good emotional cohesion, given the ability of healthy families in terms of communication skills and appropriate emotional cohesion, have the opportunity to exchange information and as a result, parents of such families are more capable of parenting and raising their children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
496 - Comparison of resilience and anxiety among parents with disabled children in Tehran
Homa Laghee Nahid Babaei amiriPurpose: The purpose of this study was to compare resilience and anxiety among parents with disabled children in Tehran during the academic year 2018-2019. Method: The study design was causal-comparative. The statistical population of this study was all parents o MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to compare resilience and anxiety among parents with disabled children in Tehran during the academic year 2018-2019. Method: The study design was causal-comparative. The statistical population of this study was all parents of students of exceptional schools (Baysat and Meysam) in district 2 of Tehran who were selected by available sampling method. The sample included 196 parents of exceptional school children. The tool used in this study was Beck Anxiety Inventory (1990) and Conor & Davidson Resilience Questionnaire (1). Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (one-way ANOVA) were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that there is a difference between the type of disability (hearing, blindness, physical-motor disability) and the parents' resilience of exceptional schools in District 2 of Tehran. There was also a difference between the type of disability (hearing, blindness, physical-motor impairment) and anxiety of parents of special schools in District 2 and education in Tehran. Conclusion: According to the results of comprehensive social support, it is necessary to provide rehabilitation and educational services and services by social organizations. When this type of support is available in the community, on the one hand, it causes the disabled person to grow in different aspects, and on the other hand, due to the reduced dependency of the disabled person on the family, the level of family stress is reduced, which in turn It makes them more adaptable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
497 - Comparing the Effectiveness of Self-Differentiation and Really Therapy Training on Intimacy, Compatibility and Assertiveness of Married Women
Mehrdad Sasani Ghorban Fathi Aghdam Masuod RezazadehPurpose: The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of self-differentiation and the reality therapy training on the intimacy و adaptation and assertiveness of the married women. Methodology: The research method was semi-experimental using a pre-test,post-test and f MorePurpose: The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of self-differentiation and the reality therapy training on the intimacy و adaptation and assertiveness of the married women. Methodology: The research method was semi-experimental using a pre-test,post-test and follow up design with a control group.The community of society was all married women whose terms of marriage were under 5 years and their age were between 20 and 40 years in Tabriz city.A sample of 45 married women was selected available method and randomly assigned to two groups of experiments, a group for the treatment of reality therapy and a group for self-differentiation training (each group was 15) and a control group (15 people). To collect the data, the pre-test and post-test stages, Marital intimacy questionnaire (Bagarozzi, 2001), adaptation questionnaire (Spanier,1976) and assertiveness questionnaire (Gambbridge & Richie, 1975), were used. The data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance. Findings: The result showed that the self-differentiation and the reality therapy training is effective on the intimacy and adaptation and assertiveness of the married women. Also, based on the result, there is no significant difference between the efficacy of self-differentiation and the reality therapy on the intimacy and adaptation and assertive of the married women. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it can be stated that for those who have little intimacy, compatibility, and self-expression, use self-differentiation and reality therapy as a treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
498 - The Comparison of Dimensions of Emotional Processing and Differentiation of Self in Students with Personality Types D and B
Behnaz Daraei fard Nasrullah Ansari NejadPurpose: The aim of this study was to compare the dimensions of emotional processing and differentiation of self in students with personality types D and B. Methodology: The design of the present study was fundamental in terms of purpose and causal-comparative in terms MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to compare the dimensions of emotional processing and differentiation of self in students with personality types D and B. Methodology: The design of the present study was fundamental in terms of purpose and causal-comparative in terms of method. The statistical population included all male and female undergraduate students of the Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e Qods branch in the academic year 2020-2021. 60 students with personality type D and 60 students with personality type B were selected as the sample. According to Covid-19's disease conditions, participants responded virtually to the Baker et al. (2007) Emotional Processing Scale and Scorron and Friedlander (1988) self-differentiation checklist. Data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of variance and SPSS software version 25. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant difference between all dimensions of emotional processing and self-differentiation between two groups of students with personality type D and personality type B (p>0.05). In other words, students with type D personality have healthy emotional processing and lower differentiation. Conclusion: Therefore, it is suggested that due to the effective role of mental health in the emotional and psychological health of students, it is necessary to think of special measures to make it suitable in universities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
499 - Modeling academic anxiety based on parent-child perception, classroom environment perception, and socioeconomic status mediated by stress coping styles
Shima Vafa Mina Mojtabaie Nasrin Bagheri Khadije Abolmaali AlhoseiniPurpose: The purpose of the present study was to present a model of academic anxiety based on parent-child perception, perception of classroom environment and socioeconomic status by mediating stress coping styles in students. Methodology: The research method was descri MorePurpose: The purpose of the present study was to present a model of academic anxiety based on parent-child perception, perception of classroom environment and socioeconomic status by mediating stress coping styles in students. Methodology: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The population of the study consisted of all female secondary school students in Tehran public schools who were studying in the academic year of 2015-2016. The sample size consisted of 480 secondary school girl students who were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Students' Questionnaires on Classroom Perception Questionnaires Made by Fraser, Fisher, and MacRobbie (1996); And responded to the Thames (2007) socioeconomic status questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results showed that the structural model of the research assumes that the variables of socioeconomic status, parent-child relationship perception, and perception of classroom environment, both directly and indirectly, mediate stress coping styles, the present variable of academic anxiety Predicted and fitted to the data collected. Conclusion: The variables of socioeconomic status, parent-child relationship, and perception of classroom environment, both directly and indirectly, mediate the current stressor coping styles predicting academic anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
500 - Designing and Effectiveness of Parenting Curriculum with Emphasis on Selection Theory on Increasing Parental Self-Efficacy
Zahra Nili Ahmadabadi Fariborz Baqeri Hossin Salimi BajestaniPurpose: The purpose of the present study was to formulate and evaluate the effectiveness of parenting education program with emphasis on choice theory on increasing parental self-efficacy. Methodology: The research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest wit MorePurpose: The purpose of the present study was to formulate and evaluate the effectiveness of parenting education program with emphasis on choice theory on increasing parental self-efficacy. Methodology: The research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest with control group. Statistical population included all mothers with children under six years of age in Tehran. The sampling method of this study was available sampling. The sample was selected from all mothers with children under six years of age referring to Tehran health centers in districts 3, 5, 14 and 20 in October and November of this year. The tool used in this study was the Domka Parental Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSAM). The data were analyzed using covariance analysis at the significant level of 0.05 and spss software. Findings: Findings showed that parenting education had a significant effect on increasing parental self-efficacy with emphasis on choice theory (P <0.001). The calculated ETA showed that 23% of the parental self-efficacy changes were related to the education factor. Conclusion: Parenting curriculum is effective on increasing parental self-efficacy with emphasis on choice theory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
501 - Predictive of Positive School Orientation Based on Social-Emotional Learning and Parent-Child Relationship with Motivational Structure Mediation
Parisa Farnodian Khadije Abolmaali Alhoseini Kianosh HashemianObjective: The purpose of this study was to predict positive school orientation based on socio-emotional learning, socioeconomic status and parent-child relationship with motivational structure mediation. Method: The research method in this study was descriptive-correla MoreObjective: The purpose of this study was to predict positive school orientation based on socio-emotional learning, socioeconomic status and parent-child relationship with motivational structure mediation. Method: The research method in this study was descriptive-correlational with emphasis on possible causal relationships based on structural equations. Is. The study population consisted of all female secondary school students in Tehran. In this study, the sample size was 481 using multi-stage cluster sampling. The research tools were Ahmadi School Positive Orientation (1396) Questionnaire, Kassel's Socio-Emotional Learning (2008) Questionnaire, Thames socioeconomic status (2007), Fain's parent-child relationship (1963), Morland and Schubel, and Cox and Klinger motivational structure (2002). Results: The results of the research data obtained by modifying the structural model in three stages of modification model and fitness indices show that the structural model fits with the collected data. Thus, the first hypothesis of the research is the structural equation analysis of the developed model showing that all path coefficients except social-emotional learning to adaptive motivation structure, social-emotional learning to positive attitude to school and adaptive motivational structure to positive attitude to school , At the 0.01 level were significant and fit. Conclusion: Therefore, social-emotional learning and the parent-child relationship with the mediating role of motivational structure have a significant effect on students' positive attitudes toward school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
502 - The Effectiveness of a Native Educational Counseling Package on the Quality of Parent-Child Relationships and Parenting Self-Efficacy
Nadereh Saadati Zahra Yousefi Mohsen GholparvarPurpose:The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of indigenous education package training on the quality of parent-child relationships and parenting self-efficacy of mothers with adolescent boys. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental, p MorePurpose:The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of indigenous education package training on the quality of parent-child relationships and parenting self-efficacy of mothers with adolescent boys. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test and two-month follow-up with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study was mothers with adolescent boys aged 12 to 18 years in Isfahan in 2019, of which 87 mothers with lower parent-child relationships and parenting self-efficacy through Pianta (1994) parent-child relationship questionnaire, Parental self-efficacy Dumka, Strezinger, Jackson, and Rosa (1996) were screened for self-efficacy. Finally, 40 mothers were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental group (20 mothers) and the control group (20 mothers). Participants in both groups completed parent-child relationship questionnaires and parental self-efficacy in three stages. The experimental group received a native 90-minute training package (researcher-made) for 8 sessions. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software version 24. Findings: The results indicate the effect of the Indigenous Educational Counseling package on the score of the parent-child relationship (P = 0.003) with the effect size of 0.21, positive parenting self-efficacy (P = 0.024) with the effect size of 0.12, negative parenting self-efficacy (P = 0.033) with an effect size of 0.11 in the post-test stage and the stability of this effect was in the follow-up stage. Conclusions: The results of the study suggest evidence that training this program to prevent and improve the relationship of each parent with their adolescent sons reduces negative parenting self-efficacy and improves the parent-child relationship so that we see less conflict between parents and adolescent boys in society; This research can be useful for psychotherapists and counselors in the field of adolescent counseling and choosing the type of intervention to educate parents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
503 - Investigation the Causal Relationships of Marital Commitment through Relationship Investment Model and Roots Development with Mediated of Emotional Processing Styles and Self-Differentiation
Leyli Amirsardari Ali Khademi Reza Tasbih Sazan MashhadiPurpose: The aim of this research was investigation the causal relationships of marital commitment through relationship investment model and roots development with mediated of emotional processing styles and self-differentiation. Methodology: This study was a descriptiv MorePurpose: The aim of this research was investigation the causal relationships of marital commitment through relationship investment model and roots development with mediated of emotional processing styles and self-differentiation. Methodology: This study was a descriptive from type of correlation. The research population was married male and female students of Islamic Azad University of Qazvin branch in the 2017-18 academic years with number 1416 people. The sample size was estimated based on Cochran's formula 302 people who were selected by cluster randomly sampling method. The research tools were the questionnaires of Adams and Jones marital commitment (1997), Result relationship investment model (1980), Young and Klosko parenting (1993), Baker and et all emotional processing styles (2007) and Drake self-differentiation (2011). Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling method in Amos software. Findings: The findings showed that relationship investment model and roots development on emotional processing styles, self-differentiation and marital commitment had a direct and significant effect and emotional processing styles and self-differentiation on marital commitment had a direct and significant effect (p < 0.01). Also, the relationship investment model with mediated of emotional processing styles and self-differentiation on marital commitment and roots development with mediated of self-differentiation on marital commitment had an indirect and significant effect (p < 0.01), but roots development with mediated of emotional processing styles had not an indirect and significant effect (P>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of present study, to improve the marital commitment of married students can be designed programs to promote their relationship investment model, roots development, emotional processing styles and self-differentiation and implemented through workshops. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
504 - The Effectiveness of Intervention based on the Exploration of Remarriage Families’ Problems on Child's Relationship with Stepparents
Gohar Souri Kourosh Goodarzi Mehdi Roozbehanise: This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems on child's relationship with stepparents. Methodology: This study was semi-experimental with a pretest and posttest design with control Morese: This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems on child's relationship with stepparents. Methodology: This study was semi-experimental with a pretest and posttest design with control group. The research population was all remarriage families of Khorramabad city in 2019 year. The research sample was 20 families who after investigated the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly replaced into two equal groups (10 families in each group). The experimental group underwent 12 sessions of 2 hours (two sessions per week) based on an intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems and the control group did not receive any training. Data were collected by the demographic information form and parent-adolescent conflict scale (Prinz and et al, 1979) and analyzed by methods of independent t-test and univariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-26 software. Findings: The result of t test showed that the experimental and control groups in the pretest stage have not significant difference in terms of child's relationship with stepparents (P>0.05), but in the posttest stage have significant difference (p < 0/05). The results of analysis of covariance test showed that the intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems led to significant improved child's relationship with stepparents (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems on improving child's relationship with stepparents, the use of this method along with other educational and therapeutic methods is necessary to improve the child's relationship with stepparents. As a result, health professionals and therapists can use an intervention based on the exploration of remarriage families’ problems to improve psychological characteristics such as child's relationship with stepparents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
505 - Designing a Model of Girls’ Flourishing Based on Mothers’ Characterial Abilities with the Mediating Role of Parenting Methods
Zahra Mahmoodi Forough Jafari kiyanoosh Zahrakar Rozita ZabihiPurpose: The aim of this study was to design a structural model of mothers’ characterial abilities and daughters’ flourishing with the mediating role of parenting styles. Method: The research was descriptive-correlative in terms of applied purpose and resea MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to design a structural model of mothers’ characterial abilities and daughters’ flourishing with the mediating role of parenting styles. Method: The research was descriptive-correlative in terms of applied purpose and research design. The statistical population of this study was all female students in the second year of urban high school in the academic year of 1997-98 along with their mothers. 465 students and their mothers were selected by stepwise cluster sampling method. In order to measure the variables, three questionnaires of Soleimani et al. (2015), characterial Patterson and Seligman (2004) abilities and parenting methods with Marind (1991) were used. Findings: The results showed that the abilities of originality, intellectualism, beauty admiration and appreciation of mothers have a direct effect on the prosperity of girls as well as the abilities of kindness, social intelligence, fairness, leadership, self-regulation on parenting style. Examining the direct effect of mothers’ parenting style on girls’ flourishing shows that mothers’ careless and authoritarian parenting style has no significant effect on girls’ flourishing, but mothers 'decisive parenting style has a direct effect on girls’ flourishing. The results of the study confirmed the indirect effect of kindness, social intelligence and leadership abilities on the flourishing of parenting style. Conclusion: Strengthening and applying meaningful characterial competencies in mothers, both directly and indirectly, through the effect it has on the style of parenting can definitely promote the prosperity of their daughters Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
506 - The Effect of Family Life Education on Parenting Stress Components of Mothers with Mentally Retarded Children in the Parent Domain
Sofia Heidari Kamroudi Mohsen Moshkabid Haghighi Ali Asghar ShojaeiPurpose: Considering the importance of parenting stress of mothers with mentally retarded children in their other roles, the aim of this study was determine the effect of family life education on parenting stress components of mothers with mentally retarded children in MorePurpose: Considering the importance of parenting stress of mothers with mentally retarded children in their other roles, the aim of this study was determine the effect of family life education on parenting stress components of mothers with mentally retarded children in the parent domain.Methodology: This research was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The study population was mothers with mentally retarded children of Rasht city in the academic years 2017-2018. The research sample was 60 people who according to the inclusion criteria were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two equal groups. The experimental group underwent of family life education for 12 sessions of 90 minutes and during this period the control group did not receive any education. To collect data were used from the researcher-made demographic information form and stresses of parenting index (Abidin, 1990) and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-20.Findings: The results showed that family life education led to reduce the components of parenting stress including feelings of competence, attachment, role restriction, and depression, relationships with spouse, health and social isolation in mothers with mentally retarded children in the parent domain (P˂0.05).Conclusion: The results showed the effect of family life education on reducing parenting stress components. Therefore, therapists and health professionals can use family life education method along with other educational methods to improve family characteristics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
507 - Effectiveness of Pennsylvania Resiliency Program on Parental Burnout and Child Abuse Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic in Mothers of Primary School Students
Mehdi Shomali Ahmadabadi Atefe BarkhordariPurpose: Covid-19 disease has many psychological consequences, such as parental burnout and child abuse, In addition to physical injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Pennsylvania resilience-based intervention on parental burnout and child MorePurpose: Covid-19 disease has many psychological consequences, such as parental burnout and child abuse, In addition to physical injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Pennsylvania resilience-based intervention on parental burnout and child abuse caused by the Covid-19 pandemic in mothers of elementary school students.Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of mothers of first grade students in Ardakan city in the academic year 2020-2021. 30 people were selected by voluntary sampling method based on inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The instruments of this study included the Parental Burnout Scale (Rosecom et al., 2018) and Child Abuse (Hosseinkhani et al., 2013). The Pennsylvania resuscitation program was presented to the experimental group on a weekly basis for twelve 1.5-hour sessions, and the control group did not receive training. The data were analyzed using chi-square and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS26 statistical software.Findings: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic variables of age and education (p<0.05). Other results showed that the Pennsylvania Resiliency Program was effective in reducing the scores of parental burnout (p<0.001, F= 27.168) and child abuse (p<0.001, F= 37.466) Caused by the Covid-19 pandemic in mothers of primary school students.Conclusion: The Pennsylvania resiliency program to be used as an effective intervention to reduce parental burnout and child abuse caused by the Covid-19 pandemic in the mothers of elementary school students, along with other educational and therapeutic methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
508 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of Group Education of Premarital Counseling Concepts based on two Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches and Reality Therapy on Students' self-Differentiation
Sohrab Kahrizi Masomeh Beboodi Faride Dokanehi FardPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the difference between the effectiveness of group education of pre-marital counseling concepts based on two cognitive-behavioral approaches and reality therapy on students' own differentiation.Methods: This research is a q MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the difference between the effectiveness of group education of pre-marital counseling concepts based on two cognitive-behavioral approaches and reality therapy on students' own differentiation.Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental research and its research design is pre-test, post-test design with control group. The study population of this study is single students of Islamic Azad University, Imam Khomeini Memorial Branch in Shahreri and the number of samples studied is equal to 45 people. In order to collect information, the Self-Differentiation Questionnaire (DSI) and the group training course on the concepts of premarital counseling with cognitive-behavioral approach and reality therapy were used in 8 two-hour sessions to the subjects. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.Findings: The results show that group training on the concepts of premarital counseling with two conitive-behavioral approaches and reality therapy on increasing the differentiation of students themselves was significant, but these two training methods were not statistically significant in terms of effectiveness.Conclusion: Although both cognitive-behavioral pre-marital counseling and behavioral therapy training methods have a significant effect on increasing their differentiation, it does not matter which of these two training methods is used for this purpose. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
509 - The Effectiveness of Parent-Child Relationship Education on Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-Being in Mothers with Mentally Retarded Children
Mehri Rostamnezhad Shabnam Hajizadeh koli Roghayeh Eslamnia Leila Mohammadhoseini Sorosh AlimardaniPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent-child relationship education on perceived stress and psychological well-being in mothers with mentally retarded children. Methodology: The statistical population of the study included all mot MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent-child relationship education on perceived stress and psychological well-being in mothers with mentally retarded children. Methodology: The statistical population of the study included all mothers who were active members in supporting Tehran's disabled and mentally retarded children. Of these, 30 mothers with mentally retarded children who met the inclusion criteria were selected by available sampling method. They were randomly assigned to experimental groups (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). Then, the experimental group received 10 sessions of parent-child relationship training and the control group did not receive any intervention. Participants were assessed using the Cohen`s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), Ryff`s Being- Well Psychological of Scales. Data were analyzed by SPSS23 software. Findings: The results of the study using repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the experimental and control groups in the post-test and follow-up stages were significantly different in terms of both variables (P <0.05) and based on the results of Table 3, 35.0%. Perceived stress changes and 14.4% of psychological well-being changes are due to the intervention method, ie teaching the parent-child relationship. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be said that parent-child relationship education has been effective in reducing perceived stress and increasing psychological well-being in mothers with mentally retarded children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
510 - The mediating Role of Perceived Social Support and Differentiation in Explaining Structural Relationships between Psychological Capital and Psychological Well-Being of Students
Mohammad Hossein Saket Rahim Davari Hassan Pasha SharifiPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the structural relationships between psychological capital and psychological well-being by mediating perceived social support and differentiation of Islamic Azad University of Tehran province. Methodology: This stud MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the structural relationships between psychological capital and psychological well-being by mediating perceived social support and differentiation of Islamic Azad University of Tehran province. Methodology: This study was conducted using correlation method and structural equations. The statistical population consisted of all students of Azad University of Tehran in 1400. The sampling method was cluster sampling. The final sample was 426. Research Tools Included Reef Psychological Well-Being Scale (1989), Luthans and Avillo Psychological Capitals (2007), Zimet et al.'s Perceived Social Support (1988) and Scorn and Friedlander's Own Differentiation (1998). Questionnaires were completed online and collected. It was found that the total path coefficient between psychological capital and psychological well-being was positive and was significant at the level of (P<.01, β=0.479).Indirect path coefficient between psychological capitals and psychological well-being (P<0.01, β= 0.274) was positive and was significant at the level of 0.01. Findings: The results showed that both mediating variables including perceived social support and self-differentiation positively and significantly mediated the relationship between psychological capitals and psychological well-being in students.Conclusion: It seems that teaching self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience plays an important role in students' psychological well-being and ultimately leads to their adaptability and happiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
511 - The relationship between personality traits and self-differentiation with life satisfaction in couples applying for divorce in Malekan city.
Sakineh Norouzadeh Mohammad Azad AbdollahpourPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and self-differentiation with life satisfaction in couples seeking divorce in Malekan city. Methodology: The present study was a descriptive and correlational study. Informatio MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and self-differentiation with life satisfaction in couples seeking divorce in Malekan city. Methodology: The present study was a descriptive and correlational study. Information through its Differential Scale (DSI) Scorn and Friedlander (1998); the personality traits of Neo (FEO) (1986) and the Dynamic Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (SWLS) (1985) were collected. The statistical population of this study was a pair of life counseling centers in Malekan city (N = 120), and the statistical sample was selected as a census of 120 people. The sampling method was also targeted. To analyze and analyze the data, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of the data distribution and Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression to test the hypotheses. Results: The present study was a descriptive and correlational study. The statistical population of this study was a pair of life counseling centers in Malekan city (N = 120) between October and March 2017, and the statistical sample was selected as a census of 120 people. The sampling method was also targeted. Information through its Differential Scale (DSI) Scorn and Friedlander (1998); the personality traits of Neo (FEO) (1986) and the Dynamic Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (SWLS) (1985) were collected. To analyze and analyze the data, using SPSS software at a significance level of 0.05 and using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to test the normality of data distribution and Pearson correlation and multiple linear regressions were used to test the hypotheses. Conclusion: The results of this study emphasize the experiences of individuals in the main family and the importance of these experiences in the formation of later intimate relationships and marital satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
512 - The Relationship Between Parental Mental Health and Adolescents of Elementary Schoolchildren in District 17 of Tehran
mehrdad mahmoudi Seyyed Mahmoud Mir Zamani Rozita ZabihiPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parents' mental health and their male offspring. Method: The research method was correlation and the statistical population was all the male students of the elementary school district of Tehr MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parents' mental health and their male offspring. Method: The research method was correlation and the statistical population was all the male students of the elementary school district of Tehran district 17. The sample size consisted of 375 parents (parents and children) selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Six primary schools of Tehran district of Tehran, 6 schools, and 4 schools of each school and 16 randomly selected from each class. They were The parents' mental health questionnaire (GHQ) was Goldberg (1986) with a reliability of 0.93, and for the adjustment of children, the 37-item questionnaire of the McDonough's (2008) compatibility questionnaire (2008) with a reliability of 0.81 was used. Finding: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression showed that there is a significant relationship between parent's mental health and their son's consistency. Also, there is a significant negative correlation between parental anxiety and parental depression with their son's consistency and there is a significant positive correlation between physical health and social relation and adjustment of their offspring. Conclusion: The results showed that the mental health of the parents can be predicted by the adjustment of their son's children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
513 - The effect of behavioral training of mothers with conduct disorder children on decreasing aggression in their children
Razieh Hashemi Mohammad Ali GoudarziAim: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of behavioral parent training for mothers of children with conduct disorder on the reduction of aggression symptoms of their children. Method: Twenty-four mothers of children with a diagnosis of MoreAim: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of behavioral parent training for mothers of children with conduct disorder on the reduction of aggression symptoms of their children. Method: Twenty-four mothers of children with a diagnosis of conduct disorder were selected using convenient sampling method. The sample was divided into control and experimental groups (12 mothers in each). Both groups completed the CBCL questionnaire. In the next step, the experimental group participated in behavioral parent training (ten sessions). At the end of the training both groups completed the questionnaire at the post-test phase. The data were analyzed whit ANCOVA. Findings: The results showed that behavior parent training decreased aggression in the children of the experimental group compared whit the control group (p< 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that behavioral parent training to mothers, could decrease the behavioral problems of their children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
514 - Investigating the Impact of Natural Resource Rent and Political Stability on the Environmental Degradation Index in Selected Developing Countries Using a Combined Data Approach
Fatemeh Ramezani Somayeh Shokravi Akbar BagheriEnvironmental degradation has become a significant topic in the realm of economic development in recent years. Therefore, the main objective of the present research is to examine the influence of natural resource rent and political stability on the environmental degrada MoreEnvironmental degradation has become a significant topic in the realm of economic development in recent years. Therefore, the main objective of the present research is to examine the influence of natural resource rent and political stability on the environmental degradation index in selected developing countries between the years 2006 and 2020. This study aims to achieve practical objectives and adopts an analytical-inferential approach methodologically. The research methodology is of a correlational nature based on its essence and content. The statistical population includes all developing countries. In this study, a random sampling method is employed to determine the sample size, and it involves a case study spanning the years from 2006 to 2020, with a sample of 20 developing countries. Data collection is facilitated through the utilization of databases. For data analysis and result derivation, Eviews 9 and Excel 2010 software have been utilized. The findings of the current research indicate a significant relationship between the impact of natural resource rent and political stability on the environmental degradation index in the selected developing countries using a combined data approach. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that natural resource rent, energy intensity, and urban population have a positive and meaningful impact on the environmental degradation index in the developing countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
515 - Estimating the energy gap in greenhouse cucumber production
Bardia Bayat Mohammad Hossein Ansari Marjan Diyanat Ali Mohammadi ‎ Torkashvand -
Open Access Article
516 - Pathogenic variability of Didymella rabiei, the agent of ascochyta blight of chickpea in Kermanshah province
Elahe Paymard Mohammad Torabi Dariush ShahriariBlight disease of chickpea caused by Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab.is one of the most important chickpea diseases in the world and Iran, which causes huge damages to chickpea farm in the suitable climatic conditions. Study of genetic diversity and various races exist in MoreBlight disease of chickpea caused by Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab.is one of the most important chickpea diseases in the world and Iran, which causes huge damages to chickpea farm in the suitable climatic conditions. Study of genetic diversity and various races exist in the different regions would be necessary for resistant cultivars development. In this research physiological races of 28 isolates of A. rabiei which were collected and purified from five region of Kermanshah province during 2012-2013 were determined using seven differential chickpea cultivars (ILC-202, ILC-1929, ILC-5928, ICC-3996, ILC-194, ILC-1929 and ILC-72). All isolates were classified in six physiological races. Among the all isolates, seven isolates (25%) belonged to race 1, Five isolates (17.8%) belonged to race 2, Seven isolates (25%) belonged to race 3, Four isolates (14.4%) belonged to race 4, two isolates (7.2%) belonged to race 5 and three isolates (10.6%) belonged to race 6. Races 1, 2, 3 and 4 with 23 isolates (82.1%) were occurred in all areas of the province while race 6 with high virulence was detected only in one area (Sararood). Investigation of the morphological traits of isolates on CSA (Chickpea sucrose Agar), showed differences in view of diameter, color and form of colony, pycnidium density and pycnidium size among the isolates, but there was not any difference in term of pycnidiospore size. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
517 - Parental Involvement in Schools and Processes of Pedagogical Change
Alireza Araghieh -
Open Access Article
518 - Identification and Explanation of the Current Status of Evaluating Physical Education Curriculum of the Primary Schools to Present and Validate an Optimal Model
Amin Sheikhi Aram Faezeh Nateghi Ezatullah Shah Mansouri -
Open Access Article
519 - Investigating the Level of Parents' Participation in Doing “The Work and Technology” assignments of the Sixth Grade of Asadabad City in the Context of Virtual Education
Masoumeh Moghimi Firozabad -
Open Access Article
520 - An Optimized Speed Controller for Brushless DC motor using Hybrid Genetic-Fuzzy Controller Technique
Mohammad Mahdi marzban -
Open Access Article
521 - Rapid Transient Detection of Switching With the Aim of Improving Power Quality Using Wavelet Transform
Javad Safaei Kuchaksaraei -
Open Access Article
522 - 30 GHz Bandwidth 0.18µm-CMOS Cascaded Differential Distributed Amplifiers
Massomeh Ghaleh Agha Babaei -
Open Access Article
523 - Size- dependent static displacement analysis of nanotube under electrostatic force with different boundary conditions
abbas zandi baghche maryam سید علی موسویIn present study, size- dependent static displacement analysis of nanotube under electrostatic force with considering the surface effects and different boundary conditions is investigated. The results of this analysis are obtained for four different boundary conditions, MoreIn present study, size- dependent static displacement analysis of nanotube under electrostatic force with considering the surface effects and different boundary conditions is investigated. The results of this analysis are obtained for four different boundary conditions, namely pinned-pinned, fixed- fixed, fixed- pinned and fixed- free. Also, the nanotube is subjected to magnetic field, electrostatic actuation, mechanical and thermal force. In the investigation, the governing equation of motion are achieved using the Eringen's theory and this equation is calculated by using the weighted residual method. Also, velocity of fluid, length scale parameter, magnetic field, electrostatically voltage, effect of surface layer and different boundary conditions on the static displacements has been studied. Finally, the validity of the results by comparing them with the results of the numerical methods in previous research is investigated, in which there is very good agreement between the results of the present work and previous studies. It is obvious that the structural stiffness is increased with increases in the effect of surface layer and the static displacements increase with the increases of the velocity of fluid. In addition, it is shown that the stiffness of nanotube and the dimensionless static displacements, respectively, is decreased and increased with increases in the length scale parameter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
524 - Experimental investigation on the effect of resistance projection welding parameters on weld joint torque strength of nut to sheet
Nasrollah Bani mostafa Arab Amir Alinaghizadeh Ali DehghaniNowadays welding is the most important and the most common joining processfor Metals (and sometimes other metals). Among the existing methods for welding, ressistance welding uses heat and pressure simultaneously, In this thesis, effect of the process parameters on tors MoreNowadays welding is the most important and the most common joining processfor Metals (and sometimes other metals). Among the existing methods for welding, ressistance welding uses heat and pressure simultaneously, In this thesis, effect of the process parameters on torsional strength of resistance projection welds in sheet metal and nut with different thickness has been investigated. Welding time, welding current and electrode force are the most important factors affecting the quality of a the weld. The Minitab16 software and response surface method have been used to conduct experiments to find the effect of the above parametrs on torsional strength. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
525 - Investigating the effect of magnetic field, slope variations and wall temperature boundary conditions on the natural convection in the cavity with obstacle filled with water
mohammad nemati mohammad sefid ahmad reza rahmatiIn this article, the magnetic field effect on the natural convection heat transfer is simulated via LBM. The vertical wall of the left side of the cavity is at a constant hot temperature, while the vertical wall of the right side of the cavity has three different temper MoreIn this article, the magnetic field effect on the natural convection heat transfer is simulated via LBM. The vertical wall of the left side of the cavity is at a constant hot temperature, while the vertical wall of the right side of the cavity has three different temperature boundary conditions, 1) constant cold temperature, 2) linear temperature and 3) constant hot temperature. A lozenge-shaped obstacle located in the center of the cavity is examined in four different modes, 1) cold, 2) conducting, 3) adiabatic, and 4) hot. The bottom wall of the cavity is also evaluated in three different slopes. The results show that increasing the slope of the wall and the Rayleigh number by unchanged all the parameters leads to an increase in heat transfer. Also, changing the boundary temperature of the walls and the obstacle can affect the amount of heat transfer. In addition, increasing the strength of the magnetic field reduces the average Nusselt number, which differs in different conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
526 - The Role of Marital Conflicts in the Relationship between Parenting Style and Children's Stubbornness: Mothers Suffering from Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
غزال زندکریمی مریم تقی پورAbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of marital conflicts in the relationship between parenting styles of mothers with premenstrual boredom and of children’s stubbornness. This study was descriptive with structural equation modeling. P MoreAbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of marital conflicts in the relationship between parenting styles of mothers with premenstrual boredom and of children’s stubbornness. This study was descriptive with structural equation modeling. Participants were selected availably purposeful from six counseling centers in Tehran in 2023. The entry criteria were having Premenstrual dysphoric disorder with the approval of a clinicians, child aged between 5 and 7 years and education between diploma to master's degree and exclusion criteria, suffering from another mental disorder, or being treated with psychiatric drugs. Participants answered questionnaires on marital conflict, parenting styles, and child stubbornness. The results of this study showed that the structural equation model based on the mediating role of marital conflicts in the relationship between authoritative and authoritarian parenting style of mothers with premenstrual boredom and stubbornness of children has a good fit (P <0.01). But the liberating parenting style and its paths to marital conflict and child stubbornness were taken out of the model. The findings showed that powerful mothers with premenstrual boredom directly and indirectly, with the mediating role of marital conflict, predict a decrease in child stubbornness. In contrast, the authoritarians directly and indirectly significantly predicted the children's stubbornness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
527 - Predicting Child Abuse during the Covid-19 Epidemic based on Parental Burnout and Control
صدیقه نجفی مجتبی امیری مجدAbstractThe aim of the current research was to predict child abuse during the covid-19 epidemicbased on parental burnout and control. The research community was formed by all themothers of preschool students in Qazvin city in 1401, of which 90 people were selected as as MoreAbstractThe aim of the current research was to predict child abuse during the covid-19 epidemicbased on parental burnout and control. The research community was formed by all themothers of preschool students in Qazvin city in 1401, of which 90 people were selected as asample by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The tools used in this research wereStrauss et al.'s (1998) parent-child conflict assessment questionnaire, Rozkam et al.'s (2018)parental burnout scale, and PARQ parental control questionnaire. Pearson's correlationcoefficient and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findingsshowed that there is an inverse relationship between parental burnout and assertivediscipline, and there is also a direct relationship between parental burnout and mental andphysical abuse (p<0.05). Also, acceptance and affection have a direct relationship with firmdiscipline, but an inverse relationship with mental and physical abuse. Hostility/aggressionalso has an inverse relationship with firm discipline, but a direct relationship with mentaland physical abuse. Parental rejection also has a direct relationship with mental abuse andan inverse relationship with physical abuse (p<0.05). No significant relationship wasobserved between other variables. The findings of this research show the importance of therelationship between parental fatigue and control and child abuse, and 30.4% of child abusecan be predicted by parental exhaustion and control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
528 - Presenting a Causal Model of Exam Anxiety Based on Family Communication Patterns and Parental Perfectionism with the Mediation of Learning Styles on Anxiety
محمدرضا سروهویدا مختار عارفی محمود گودرزی امید مرادیAbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the development of a causalmodel of exam anxiety based on family communication patterns and parental perfectionismwith the mediation of learning styles and its effectiveness on students' exam anxiety. MoreAbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the development of a causalmodel of exam anxiety based on family communication patterns and parental perfectionismwith the mediation of learning styles and its effectiveness on students' exam anxiety. Thestatistical population was 9th grade male students of Kermanshah city in the academic yearof 1400-1401 (6578 people), of which 338 people were selected using multi-stage clustersampling method and random method. And in the second study, 30 people (15 people in theexperimental group and 15 people in the control group) were selected using the stagedcluster sampling method. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes and thecontrol group did not receive any training. The measurement tools were Ahvaz TestAnxiety Questionnaire (TAI), Koerner and Fitner Patrick Family Communication Patterns(RFCP), Ahvaz Perfectionism (APS) and Kolb's Learning Styles (LSI). The findingsshowed that family communication patterns and parents' perfectionism and learning styleshave a significant causal relationship with exam anxiety. And finally, the results determinedthe mediating role of learning styles in the relationship between the mentioned variables,and it was also found that the educational program developed based on the extracted modelwas effective in reducing exam anxiety. Based on the findings, it is suggested to use theprogram of teaching family communication patterns, parental perfectionism and learningstyles to reduce students' exam anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
529 - The association study of rs3024998 and rs3025000 polymorphisms in VEGF gene with the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss
shohreh zare karizi reza MirfakhraieRecurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as the occurrence of two or more consecutive pregnancy loss prior to 20th week of gestation. There are several leading causes of RPL including uterine anatomical defects, genetic factors, infectious, immunological, environmental MoreRecurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as the occurrence of two or more consecutive pregnancy loss prior to 20th week of gestation. There are several leading causes of RPL including uterine anatomical defects, genetic factors, infectious, immunological, environmental and blood dyscariasis. However, despite in a large number of cases no causes have been identified, therefore are introduced as idiopathic. Gene polymorphisms may effect on the incidence of abortion. One of these genes is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Present study was aimed to investigate the association of VEGF gene polymorphisms with recurrent spontaneous abortion of the fetus. We conducted a case–control study of 200 women: 100 patients with at least two unexplained consecutive pregnancy losses and 100 healthy controls with at least one live birth and no history of pregnancy loss. Patients with recurrent pregnancy losses due to anatomic, hormonal, chromosomal, infectious, autoimmune, or thrombotic causes were excluded from the study group. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes. Rs3024998 and rs699947 polymorphisms of VEGF gene were studied using PCR-RFLP technique. Respectively, MaeI and BglII restriction enzymes were used for digestion. Digestion products were visualized by polyacrylamide gel (12%PAGE) electrophoresis. Distribution analysis for homozygous and heterozygous genotypes in the two studied groups was performed by using SPSS ver.18.Genetic differences between case and control groups were calculated by using the chi-square test. Significant difference (P<0.05) was identified between the frequency of allelic status of rs3024998 and rs3025000in two studied groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
530 - Reducing Overcurrent and Overvoltage Stresses due to Open-circuiting of UIPC
Javad Pourhossein Gevork B. GharehpetianThe unified interphase power controller (UIPC) is basically a series-type power flow controller that behaves like a current source. Hence, an open-circuit fault at the terminal of this device can result in severe stress. The opening of the device terminal results in a d MoreThe unified interphase power controller (UIPC) is basically a series-type power flow controller that behaves like a current source. Hence, an open-circuit fault at the terminal of this device can result in severe stress. The opening of the device terminal results in a dual-branch parallel circuit in each phase (one RL and one RC), which disconnected from the line, and forms a series RLC circuit locally excited by two series voltage source converters (VSCs). This condition has high circulating current and overvoltage at the midpoint i.e., at the open-circuited terminal of the device. These may cause flashovers and serious damages to the device. In this research, a technique based on the discontinuous control of the device is proposed to overcome the mentioned problems. Based on the technique, the injected voltages of two VSCs are immediately reset to zero after an open-circuit fault so that the circulating current and consequently the overvoltage can be reduced. The evaluation of the proposed technique has been done through computer simulations in the Digsilent software environment and then analyzing the results in the form of a curve. In the following, the analysis and comparison of the results have shown that the proposed technique has high efficiency. It should be noted that this technique can be applied to all members of the UIPC family. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
531 - Using Tracking Differentiators in Designing Nonlinear Disturbance Observers for Uncertain Systems
Nasser Kazemzadeh Saeed Barghandan -
Open Access Article
532 - Torque Control of Brushless Direct Current Motor Drives Using Single Current Sensor with High Reliability
Mohsen Ebadpour Ahad Farzinfar -
Open Access Article
533 - A method for determining SF6 circuit breakers failure rate due to transient recovery voltage
Reza Ghanizadeh Allahverdi Azadrou -
Open Access Article
534 - Analysis and Performance Comparison of Vector Control Method with Direct Torque Control to Reduce Current and Speed ripples of Three-Phase Induction Motors
Bizhan Gholami Mohsen Ebadpour -
Open Access Article
535 - Ab initio Calculation for Photocurrent in Silicon p-n Junction: the First-Order Perturbation Theory
Majid Ghandchi Hossein Fazlalipour -
Open Access Article
536 - Designing Path for Robot Arm Extensions Series with the Aim of Avoiding Obstruction with Recurring Neural Network
ramin khodaie محمد اسمعیل اکبری -
Open Access Article
537 - Improvement of Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in Artificial Heart
Majid Neshat Yazdi Reihaneh Kardehi Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
538 - Mathematical Modeling of Cancer Cells and Chemotherapy Protocol Dealing Optimization Using Fuzzy Differential Equations And Lypunov Stability Criterion
Hadi Abbasnejad -
Open Access Article
539 - Temperature Effect
آیدا غلامی حسن رسولی -
Open Access Article
540 - Analysis and Simulation of an Augmentated DC-DC Converter With the Ability to Remove the Flow of Input Stream
Faezeh Ebrahimzadeh1 Ebrahim Babaei -
Open Access Article
541 - The Novel Control Method for Photovoltaic Converter to the National Grid
ParisaAlipour Alipour MahdiSalimi Salimi -
Open Access Article
542 - مدل سازی سیستم الکتریکی و مکانیکی دینامیک ربات با استفاده از مدل MP
عطالله رجب پور امیر زارعی آرزو رجب پور فاطمه احمدی -
Open Access Article
543 - "Analysis of Building Energy Consumption Due to Transparent and Opaque Materials Used in Exterior Walls"
Maryam Mirashk-Daghiyan Atefeh Dehghan- Touran poshti Azadeh Shahcheraghi Hadi Kaboli -
Open Access Article
544 - Correlation parenting styles and dimensions Perfectionism with academic motivation their children on High school student damghan city
saideh fovadianRelation between parenting styles and parental perfectionism with their children’s academic motivation Aabsrtact:The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles and parental perfectionism with the determination of their child MoreRelation between parenting styles and parental perfectionism with their children’s academic motivation Aabsrtact:The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles and parental perfectionism with the determination of their children. the research method was descriptive and correlational the stoical population of the study included all male and females student secondary school in Damghan city (along with their parents)(N=1359). The academic year 1394-1395. A total of 300 students(girls 150, boys 150) were selected through multistage cluster randomly. They were asked to complete the questionnaire of styles parental parenting parental perfectionism dimensions and academic motivation scale .data analysis was performed using multivariate regression method .according to these results of research the style of effective parenting and other dimensions of the parent circuit and parenthood can predict the academic motivation of their children .in general Parents can take can take steps to improve their parenting by adopting proper parenting practices and rational expectations of their children. Key words: parenting styles , parental perfectionism dimensions، academic motivation . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
545 - Comparison of the duration of education based on the parent-child relationship with parental management education the parent-child relationship (Case study: Children with coping disobedience disorder)
rahim solghi Fariborz Bagheri hassan ahadiDisobedient disorder is one of the most common childhood psychological disorders that has adverse effects on family interactions that need to be properly identified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the duration of education based on child-parent relation MoreDisobedient disorder is one of the most common childhood psychological disorders that has adverse effects on family interactions that need to be properly identified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the duration of education based on child-parent relationship with parent management education to improve parent-child relationships. This study was performed as a quasi-experimental (pre-test post-test with control group with follow-up). In this study, the statistical population includes all parents of children aged 11-5 years with coping disorder in Tehran. In order to conduct the research, 45 mothers of children with the disorder who had referred for the treatment of their children participated in the study by available sampling. Then, to evaluate the pre-test and before the intervention, the mothers completed the Children Behavioral Symptoms Questionnaire and the Parental Rejection and Acceptance Questionnaire. In the next stage, the two experimental groups received treatment and intervention along with drug therapy, and the control group received only drug therapy. At the end of the intervention, the mentioned questionnaires were completed by the mothers in the post-test and follow-up stages. Data were also analyzed by Kalmogorov-Smirnov, Shaipro-Wilk test, analysis of variance and pairwise comparison of means. The results showed that group-based parent-child relationship training and parental management training were significantly effective in improving parent-child relationships in children with coping disorder in the post-test and follow-up stages. The effect of treatment is lasting over time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
546 - Predicting competitive anxiety based on parenting styles and comparing it in gender groups of athletic students of Tehran province
Mostafa Naeimi Zohreh RafeziThe aim of this research was predicting competitive anxiety based on parenting styles and comparing it in gender groups of athletic students. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was descriptive. The research population was ph MoreThe aim of this research was predicting competitive anxiety based on parenting styles and comparing it in gender groups of athletic students. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was descriptive. The research population was physical education College students of Tehran province in the year 2019, which 225 people were selected by available sampling method as a sample. Data were collected with questionnaires of Martines competitive state anxiety (1990) and Buri perceived parenting styles (1991) and analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficients, multivariate regression and one-way variance analysis in SPSS-22 software. The findings showed that male and female athletic students did significant difference in perceived competitive anxiety, but didn’t significantly differentiate in parenting styles. Also, authoritative and permissive styles had a significant negative relationship with cognitive anxiety and authoritarian style had a significant positive relationship with cognitive anxiety. Authoritative style had a significant negative relationship with physical anxiety and authoritarian style had a significant positive relationship with physical anxiety, but the permissive style didn’t have a significant relationship with it. Authoritative and permissive styles had a significant positive relationship with self-confidence and authoritarian style had a significant negative relationship with self-confidence. In addition, parenting styles significantly predict cognitive anxiety and self-confidence of athletic students, but they weren’t able to predict their physical anxiety. Based on the results, to reduce competitive anxiety parents can be advised to use authoritative and permissive parenting styles, respectively, and not to use authoritarian parenting styles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
547 - The effectiveness of parent management training on mother-child relationships and self- criticism mothers of children with intellectual disability
سمیه تکلوی Mehdi JahangiriThe aim of study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent management training program on mother-child relationships and self- criticism mothers of children with intellectual disability. This study is a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test in two g MoreThe aim of study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent management training program on mother-child relationships and self- criticism mothers of children with intellectual disability. This study is a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test in two groups (experimental and control) respectively. The population consisted of all mothers of children with intellectual disability (care centers and special schools) Pars Abad city in 1395 that 30 individuals were selected by convenience sampling method and were replaced in two experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. Parent-Child Relationship Scale and levels of self- criticism were used to collect data. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 60-minute of parent management training and a control group remained with no intervention. The data analysis was performed by MANOVA. . The hypothesis of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent management training program on mother-child relationships and self- criticism mothers of children with intellectual disability. Results showed that parent management training programs enhance the mother-child relationship and its components and reduce self-criticism and its components in mothers of children with intellectual disability. As a result, it can be stated, parent management training program can be an efficient method to improve mother-child relationships and self-criticism decline in mothers of children with intellectual disability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
548 - The prediction domestic violence against women based on self-differentiation and family performance with Alexithymia mediation
toktam jafarzadeh Ali akbar soliemanian mohammad mohammadipouIntroduction: Domestic violence is the cause of most physical and psychological damages in women.The purpose of this study is to predict domestic violence against women based on self-differentiation and family performance with Alexithymia mediationin women visiting to c MoreIntroduction: Domestic violence is the cause of most physical and psychological damages in women.The purpose of this study is to predict domestic violence against women based on self-differentiation and family performance with Alexithymia mediationin women visiting to comprehensive urban health services centers in Bojnourd.MethodThis study is a correlational with structural equation modeling method and the statistical،population of all women referring to Bojnourd Comprehensive Health Services Centers in July to November 2019 is 1335.The sample size was estimated to be 250 by Cochran formula. The sampling method is available. In order to measure the research variables, domestic violence, Alexithymia, family performance, and family data were analyzed using Amos software, Self-assessment mediation test method, structural equation method, path analysis.Findings: The results showed that the coefficient of influence of self-differentiation level on mediation variable (Alexithymia) was -0.32 and the coefficient of influence of family function variable on mediation variable (Alexithymia) was 0.41 indirect effect of self-differentiation level and Family performance on violence against women is -0.16 and 0.21.Conclusion: Since the significance level of indirect effect is less than 0.01, it can be concluded that Alexithymia have a mediating role between family function and the level of self-differentiation with domestic violence against women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
549 - The effect of group training solution-focused parenting to mothers on aggression and problem solving of preschool children
Fatemeh Mousazadeh Farideh HashemianNejadThe aim of this study was determine the effect of group training solution-focused parenting to mothers on aggression and problem solving of preschool children. This research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with experimental and control groups. MoreThe aim of this study was determine the effect of group training solution-focused parenting to mothers on aggression and problem solving of preschool children. This research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with experimental and control groups. The research population was mothers of preschool children of Mashhad in the 2019-20 academic years, which from them 40 people were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly replaced into two equal groups (20 people in each group). The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes group training solution-focused parenting and the control group received no training. To collected data used from the questionnaires of aggression (Buss & Perry, 1992) and problem solving (Heppner, 1988). To analyzed data used from tests of Fisher, independent t and multivariate analysis of covariance with SPSS-19 software. The findings showed that in the pre-test there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of aggression and problem solving (P>0/05), but in the post-test there was significant difference in terms of both variables (p < 0/05). This means that group training solution-focused parenting to mothers led to decrease aggression and increase problem solving of preschool children. Therefore, it is recommended to use from group training solution-focused parenting method to improve psychological characteristics especially decreasing aggression and increasing problem solving. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
550 - The Impact of Positive Parenting Education on Reducing Symptoms of Pertinacity, Disobedience and Conduct Disorder in Children Ages 7 To 10 Years
khodabakhsh kharaei taktom sadat jafar tabatabaei samaneh sadat jafar tabatabaeiThe present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of group positive parenting education to mothers on symptoms of pertinacity, disobedience and conduct disorder in children. The method of this study was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test designs and follow up MoreThe present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of group positive parenting education to mothers on symptoms of pertinacity, disobedience and conduct disorder in children. The method of this study was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test designs and follow up with the control group. Statistical society of this study includes all elementary school children in Kohnuj city schools and 980 boys with their mothers. Symptoms of conduct disorder were diagnosed in 40 of these children according to the parents' Snape rating form (1980) which is about high pertinacity –disobedience and based on the scale of the questionnaire. This was done using the available sampling method and the sample size was divided into experimental group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20). Experimental group learned positive parenting in 8 sessions with 90 minute per sessions. The results of the analysis show that group positive parenting education was effective on reducing of pertinacity and disobedience of conduct experimental group subjects and the case of stubbornness - disobedience had a lasting impact. It can be concluded that group positive parenting education for mothers affects on the symptoms of pertinacity-disobedience and conduct disorder and reduce their symptoms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
551 - Investigating the current and desirable situation of the education system in sustainable development with the approach of the Islamic-Iranian model of progress
samaneh karami Taraneh Enayati kiumars NiazazariThis study aimed to investigate the current and favorable situation of the ‎education system in sustainable development with the approach of the ‎Islamic-Iranian model of progress.‎‏ ‏The statistical population in the qualitative section included &lr MoreThis study aimed to investigate the current and favorable situation of the ‎education system in sustainable development with the approach of the ‎Islamic-Iranian model of progress.‎‏ ‏The statistical population in the qualitative section included ‎ten specialists in the education system who were purposefully selected by a ‎series of snowballs. In a small part, the managers, responsible experts, and ‎experts of the General Department of Education of Tehran were 440 people, ‎and the sample size according to Cochran's formula was 205 people. Sampling was done by stratified random sampling according to the ‎organizational position. The data collection tool was a semi-structured ‎interview in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire in ‎the quantitative part. Data analysis was performed using Wilcoxon and ‎correlated t-test. The qualitative part of the study showed that the factors ‎affecting sustainable development in the education system with the Islamic-‎Iranian model of progress included six dimensions and 45 components. In ‎the quantitative part, the study of the difference between the current and ‎favorable situation in the six main variables (cultural, social, environmental, ‎economic, educational methods, and the document of fundamental change ‎in education) has been significant and numerous. The cultural dimension, ‎the environment, and the document of fundamental change were in a ‎better position than other dimensions. Therefore, in order to move from the ‎current situation to the desired situation of sustainable development, the ‎education system must pay special attention to teaching social, economic, ‎and educational methods affecting sustainable development with the ‎Islamic-Iranian model approach. ‎ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
552 - The effect of elementary school religious education based on content approach (p4c) on the differentiation of elementary school students
Zainab Ejlali hossein momeni mahmouei Marziye AaliThe purpose of this quasi-experimental research was to determine the effect of religious education based on the content approach (p4c) on the differentiation of sixth grade male students. For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental design of pre-test-post-test type, two s MoreThe purpose of this quasi-experimental research was to determine the effect of religious education based on the content approach (p4c) on the differentiation of sixth grade male students. For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental design of pre-test-post-test type, two sixth grade classes were selected by cluster sampling and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Both groups answered their differentiation questionnaire (DSI) as a pre-test. Then the experimental group was exposed to 10 sessions of religious education based on the content approach (p4c), i.e. reflective content including philosophical themes (ontological, epistemological and value-oriented) suitable for Iranian Islamic children, and the control group did not receive any training. Then both groups responded to the post-test and the data was analyzed with the help of Spss24 software. The results of covariance analysis showed that religious education based on the content approach (p4c) is significant according to the differentiation test of the group effect (F = 12.39 and p = 0.030) and religious education based on the content approach (p4c) on the differentiation of the effect has it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
553 - Presenting a model of the current and desired quality of educational services in the virtual education system of the Islamic Azad University of Bushehr province and its accreditation
Farideh Sadeghzadeh moJtaba moazzami Amineh Ahmadi hosseinali jahedThe purpose of this research was to provide a model of the current and desired quality of educational services in the virtual education system of the Islamic Azad University of Bushehr province and its accreditation. The current research was applied in terms of purpose MoreThe purpose of this research was to provide a model of the current and desired quality of educational services in the virtual education system of the Islamic Azad University of Bushehr province and its accreditation. The current research was applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of data, descriptive, analytical and survey in nature and targeted and accessible sampling method. In order to collect data, in the qualitative part, the interview method with experts was used, and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire was used. The statistical population in the qualitative section included experts with a doctorate degree and having at least 10 years of experience in the field of online education, and in the quantitative section, 10,000 users of the virtual education system of Azad University. The findings showed that the average of all dimensions and components of educational requirements, interaction with other virtual educational groups, devoting more hours to online education, flexibility, aesthetic requirements, technological factors, capabilities to reduce online restrictions, content requirements, e-learning management system, appropriate course content , the requirements of extra-organizational participation, the infrastructure of the virtual education system, the quality of the service delivery system, the perceived support quality, the process requirements, the quality of the behavior of the virtual education supervisors and the application of the virtual education standards have been measured above the average; In other words, the current status of the quality of educational services in the virtual education system of Azad University is favorable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
554 - The Efficacy of Brown's Parent Education package on Emotional Responsivity, Positive Adolescent Development, Responsibility and Happiness in 12- to 15-Year-Old Adolescents Who Were Out of Parent Control
Azam Jalali Mansoureh Bahramipour IsfahaniThe purpose of the present study was the efficacy of Brown's parent education model on emotional responsivity, positive adolescent development, responsibility and happiness in 12- to 15-Year-old adolescents who were out of parent control. The study method was quasi-expe MoreThe purpose of the present study was the efficacy of Brown's parent education model on emotional responsivity, positive adolescent development, responsibility and happiness in 12- to 15-Year-old adolescents who were out of parent control. The study method was quasi-experimental along with pre-test-post-test design and two-month follow-up period with the control group. The statistical population encompassed all parents who had 12- to 15-Year-old out of control adolescents and their children in Isfahan in the summer 1400. Therefore, 40 subjects were selected and assigned into two experimental and control groups (20 subjects in control group and 20 subjects in experimental group) randomly through inserting citation on consoling centers and inviting them to participate in the study and by using availability sampling method and by considering the exit and entry criteria. The experimental group participated in the training course for 8 sessions in 90 minutes; but there was no intervention for control group. The measurement instrument comprised of the Emotional Responsivity Questionnaire by Matuo & Nock, the Positive Adolescents Development by Goldof et al., the Responsibility by Salkowski et al, The Happiness by Argyle, Martin and Kresland (1989), and the Murray Parent-Child Conflict Questionnaire by Murray and Strauss (1990). To collect data, the mixed-design analysis of variance model was used. The result indicated that Brown's parent education has a significant effect on variables of emotional responsivity, positive development, responsibility and happiness in 12 to 15 years-old adolescents who were out of parent control and the effects of education has remained constant over time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
555 - The effect of self-expression education on increasing self-differentiation in female junior school students in the first region of Tehran
zhila hdidi abdallah shafieabadi mehdi zareeThe aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of self-expression education on increasing self-differentiation in female junior school students. The population consisted of all students studying at one of the schools located in the first region of Tehran.&nbs MoreThe aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of self-expression education on increasing self-differentiation in female junior school students. The population consisted of all students studying at one of the schools located in the first region of Tehran. A sample of 32 was selected through multistage sampling technique. The data gathering instrument was self-differentiation questionnaire. The experimental group received ten 90-minute sessions of self-expression education. The control group received no instruction. Covariance was used to analyze the results. The self-differentiation of subjects who had received self-expression education had significant increase. The level of emotional reactivity among the experimental group was significantly low. The level of interpersonal infusion among the experimental group was lower to a significant level. There was no significant difference in emotional escape between the experimental and control group. It was also true in terms of self-status. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
556 - The relationsheep between loneliness and parenting styles with mobile phone addiction
ghlamreza monshaei mehdi ghasemi motlagh fariba ghovahi fatemeh mortazavi Abstract The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between loneliness and parenting styles with mobile phone addiction. The study population was students of Islamic Azad University, Bojnurd branch in 1393-94 academic years. Sampling meth More Abstract The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between loneliness and parenting styles with mobile phone addiction. The study population was students of Islamic Azad University, Bojnurd branch in 1393-94 academic years. Sampling method was cluster sampling and the sample was 339 students. Research method is descriptive and correlational. The data in this study where collected by by standardized instruments feel alone measure, parenting style scale and phone addiction questionnaire. Data were analyzed by spss 16 software and correlation method. The results showed that: 1) There is a relationship between loneliness and addiction to mobile phones. 2) There is a relationship between parenting stylew and mobile phone addiction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
557 - The Styles of Encountering Conflict among Parents of Psychologically Normal-Abnormal Adolescents
abbas homan saeid akbari alireza maradi saeid zandiThe current research intended to investigate the parents' conflict tactics and their adolescent child's normal-abnormal behavior. This research was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all male and female high school students with norma MoreThe current research intended to investigate the parents' conflict tactics and their adolescent child's normal-abnormal behavior. This research was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all male and female high school students with normal-abnormal behavior and their parents in Tehran, Iran. The sample included 208 female students and 193 male students who were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. To collect data, Conflict Tactics Scale(CTS)and Symptom Checklist-90-R(SCL-90-R) were utilized. Findings showed that, as compared to the parents of adolescents with abnormal behavior, the parents of adolescents with normal behavior employ more constructive tactics which are based on negotiation and reasoning. Additionally, as compared to the parents of adolescents with abnormal behavior, the parents of adolescents with normal behavior less likely resort to destructive tactics which are based on verbal aggressiveness and physical violence. Therefore, it seems that those children whose parents employ more suitable strategies in conflicts are more likely good-behaved and behaviorally normal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
558 - Time and place ̉s station in knowing method after great prophet ̉ s departure in passing ignorant ̉s society
hamid parsaniya habiballah halimeGreat Prophet in society invited people, that they rush to in the direction of null in their all different walks of life,to become dominant corruption and oppression in spite of this, Good God want by that excellencies given right to government, and want cleanse people MoreGreat Prophet in society invited people, that they rush to in the direction of null in their all different walks of life,to become dominant corruption and oppression in spite of this, Good God want by that excellencies given right to government, and want cleanse people ̉s heart from polytheism uncleaness and trimmed their behaviour and then amended fhair gathering. The Final prophet in ten years inviting period after own departure was fonforonting with different stations in regard to time and place and with different people in regard to phsycology and sociology that this followed that different exigencies, SO in this paper will answered this question that whether this different exigencies also come from phsycology and Sociology dimension and time and place dimension in that excellency knowing method. With studies and analysis about historiced, sire maghazi, translations, commentary book, getting result, that great prophet observed people,s capacity from phsycology and sociology and with attention to that every speech has place and time and every point has place with establishment mosque and demolition Mosque, dispatch invitations, creation unity, sen ding messenger to negotiation countries,s heads and… He could widen Islam to spreed word. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
559 - Iran's Preventive Criminal Policy in the Light of Minimal Human Rights
Peyman Homayi Cheraghi Hossein Habibi Tabar Mahmoud QayyumzadehThe research aims to investigate the increase in crime with the lack of minimum human rights, which is emphasized in the religion of Islam. In this article, the authors are seeking to answer the question of whether Iran's preventive criminal policy has been able to prov MoreThe research aims to investigate the increase in crime with the lack of minimum human rights, which is emphasized in the religion of Islam. In this article, the authors are seeking to answer the question of whether Iran's preventive criminal policy has been able to provide the basic rights of people by relying on the principle of minimum human rights. Human dignity is emphasized in written laws. However, the executive branch has been challenged in the implementation of this principle and practice and has not been able to realize the basic rights of human beings according to the indicators of minimum rights. Due to the lack of these rights, various crimes appear in human behavior. Therefore, the research method in this article is library-documentary and descriptive-analytical. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
560 - Comparison of Dissolution of Marriage Due to the Establishment of Consensual Consent after Marriage in Iranian and Egyptian Law
Hajar Moshayedi MohammadBagher Ameri Nia Ali Pour JavaheriThe annulment of marriage means that the marriage contract that was first correctly concluded is destroyed without the intention and will of the parties and according to the law; Therefore, the annulment of the marriage contract is a forced dissolution, which means that MoreThe annulment of marriage means that the marriage contract that was first correctly concluded is destroyed without the intention and will of the parties and according to the law; Therefore, the annulment of the marriage contract is a forced dissolution, which means that the marriage contract is automatically dissolved without the need for another legal action, and it does not leave the right of choice for the court and the parties to the contract, which, in the assumption of discussion, to establish a foster relationship after the marriage contract. Whether it is caused by breastfeeding, whether it is caused by renting a uterus, or receiving sperm, egg, or fetus, like other cases of annulment of the marriage contract, it causes the forced dissolution of the contract from the date of occurrence; Because the philosophy of banning maternal sexual immorality, which means the growth of flesh and the strengthening of bones, also exists in the case of the mother who owns the womb. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
561 - Investigation of Internet Fraud in Iranian Cybercrime Law and Cybercrime
Mehdi Abdipour Keshavarz Abbasgholi Ansari Hamid SheshgolMehdi Abdipour Keshavarz[1] Abbasgholi Ansari[2] Hamid Sheshgol[3] Abstract Internet fraud in terms of expanding its scope and especially its complexity in cyberspace has caused widespread changes in human life. Although general measures to counteract with variety of fr MoreMehdi Abdipour Keshavarz[1] Abbasgholi Ansari[2] Hamid Sheshgol[3] Abstract Internet fraud in terms of expanding its scope and especially its complexity in cyberspace has caused widespread changes in human life. Although general measures to counteract with variety of fraud methods are roughly the same, with differences in the various methods of fraud, the use of appropriate method is necessary. Part of coping strategies requires creation of understanding of computer use and the awareness of individuals and organizations about possible negative consequences of computer systems and naturally after that, permanent monitoring of computer systems and security plans are needed. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of fraud in social security and computer crime law. The research method of current study is descriptive and analytic. In this study, with an analytical perspective, definitions, types and distinction of computer fraud has been investigated. Finally, suitable strategies for counteracting were introduced. [1] - PhD student in Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Islamic Azad University, karaj Branch, Karaj, Tehran, Iran, Mahdi.abdipour1359@gmail.com [2] - Assistant Professor Member of the faculty of law, faculty of law and political Science, Islamic Azad University,Takestan Branch, Takestan, Iran, Bebaran@yahoo.com [3] - Assistant Professor, Department of Public Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran, r.hamid_sheshgol@yahoo.com Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
562 - Do teacher-parent relationships have any impact on EFL language proficiency
Mehdi Latif -
Open Access Article
563 - Soft Error Rate Estimation of Logic Circuits Using Recurrent Neural Networks
Rasoul Farjaminezhad saeed safari Amir Masoud Eftekhari Moghadam -
Open Access Article
564 - Induced Voltage and Current of Electrical Power Line on Adjacent Buried Pipeline
Mohammad Reza Nasiri -
Open Access Article
565 - Solving linear and nonlinear optimal control problem using modified adomian decomposition method
Ahmad Fakharian Mohammad Taghi Hamidi Beheshti -
Open Access Article
566 - Turning P2P Networks into DDoS Engines: A Survey
Hamid Farhadi Behzad Akbari Shahab Rajaee Mohammad Farahani -
Open Access Article
567 - Presentation of Corporate Entrepreneurship Model in Corporate Ventures with the Corporate Governance in Iran
Mohammad hassan Torabi Kamal Sakhdari Mohamad Azizi Morteza MosakhaniInternal Corporate Venturing has grown dramatically in recent years and has become a business growth strategy and has an important role in corporate profitability. However, research in this field, especially in context of Iran, is scattered. Since entrepreneurial behavi MoreInternal Corporate Venturing has grown dramatically in recent years and has become a business growth strategy and has an important role in corporate profitability. However, research in this field, especially in context of Iran, is scattered. Since entrepreneurial behaviors are primarily centered on entrepreneurial opportunities, this research seeks a qualitative approach and focuses on the selected food industries, to present a Corporate Entrepreneurship Model in Corporate Ventures with the Corporate Governance. The results of this research in the field of Iran context, shows that professionalism (hiring expert and professional managers), diversity in board members (not restricting them to family members, etc.), passive control, or feedback from activity (Setting challenging goals and periodic oversight of actions) as well as implementing entrepreneurial compensation policies such as equity rewards and cash and non-cash rewards can play an effective role in adopting strategies and monitoring and controlling the implementation of programs at the parent company. Moreover the implementation of corporate governance mechanisms, factors such as the use of people in different areas of expertise, professional expertise and sufficient motivation to progress the organization goals can drive Internal Corporate Venturing activities using corporate governance mechanisms. These results can provide valuable insights into identifying the behaviors required for the development of corporate entrepreneurship in parent companies through Internal Corporate Venturing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
568 - Explaining the staff evaluation model based on religious principles and teachings and Islamic evaluation
Seyamak Pezeshkifar yaghoub alavi matin mortaza hazratiPerformance appraisal is one of the important tasks of human resource management [1] Accurate evaluation and feedback will improve performance [2] so that the performance of individuals is a strategic element in maintaining and developing the organization [3] In Islam, MorePerformance appraisal is one of the important tasks of human resource management [1] Accurate evaluation and feedback will improve performance [2] so that the performance of individuals is a strategic element in maintaining and developing the organization [3] In Islam, the issue of performance appraisal is considered They attach great value. The purpose of this study is to provide a performance evaluation model based on the culture and values that prevail and accepted by the Islamic society, which can be effective according to the capacities of the divine school of Islam. The present research is a qualitative exploratory nature that based on the research literature in the field of performance evaluation and receiving the opinions of experts, related factors were identified and categorized into three dimensions, 36 components and 116 items using the foundation data approach. An elite group of 7 people was selected using snowball sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information and a survey method was used to obtain comments on the identified factors. To investigate the causal relationships between research variables, the partial least squares technique was used. To implement this technique, SPSS software was used. And Smart PLS has been used, this research has been done in the General Department of Roads and Urban Development of Qazvin province and according to Morgan table and the number of 190 people in the statistical population, the sample population is 123 people who have been randomly selected. The results indicate the approval of the proposed model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
569 - Design an intelligent model for corporate control strategies
Parinaz Arabzadeh hamed rahmani Ali MohtashamiCompanies' efforts to gain more market share and maintain survival have made the integration of companies to use each other's ability as a parent company. One of the main concerns of the parent company is how to control the subsidiary businesses. The present study has b MoreCompanies' efforts to gain more market share and maintain survival have made the integration of companies to use each other's ability as a parent company. One of the main concerns of the parent company is how to control the subsidiary businesses. The present study has been carried out by purpose of design an intelligent model for corporate control strategies with emphasis on the interaction of the parent company with subsidiaries in Holding TAPIKO. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method, descriptive-follow-up research. Research data includes documentation received from literature and indexed articles in Scopus and Science Direct, as well as semi -structured interviews. First, using qualitative content analysis methods of interviews and articles were coded in maxqda2020 software, 28 sub -categories in the form of 8 short -term profitability categories, long -term profitability, distinctive capability, market trends, fitness, company size, power size, power Politically identified. The following comments were used to identify the coefficients of the importance of components and write fuzzy rules, and were designed using MATLAB software and fuzzy inference system (FIS), which included 31 fuzzy rules. The model was implemented in 3 modes of cellulose, tires as well as petrochemicals. The results of the research for cellulose and tire companies indicate less financial control strategy and interference, and for petrochemical subsidiaries, it shows strategic control and greater interference by the maternal firm. The result of validation review through Surface analysis also indicates the appropriate model validity of the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
570 - A New approach to Resource based view in corporate level strategy in Parent Companies
Seyed Mohammad Erabi Afshin Fattolahi Abdollah AsadzadehThis paper enriches the resource based view in corporate level strategy and while centralizing on parent companies, replaces the competitive advantage concept- which is a key issue in defining business level strategy- with a parallel term in corporate level strategy nam MoreThis paper enriches the resource based view in corporate level strategy and while centralizing on parent companies, replaces the competitive advantage concept- which is a key issue in defining business level strategy- with a parallel term in corporate level strategy named parenting advantage and presents it in parent corporate level. Then, it concentrates on internal characteristics of parent companies as the key source of parenting advantage and suggests five advantage-creating characteristics. It also discusses the main role of parenting advantage as a guideline for making twofold decisions at corporate level strategy including portfolio (investment basket), control decisions, and subsidiary enterprise guidance. All these decisions should be assessed on the basis of their effects on developing or sustaining parenting advantage. Finally, competitive position matrix is extended to parenting position matrix which can be applied in parent companies Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
571 - Identifying and Prioritizing the Obstacles Leading to Bank Overdue, Using DEMATEL and VIKOR
Amir Mohammadzadeh Mohammad Ataei Hossein SalimiToday, Overdue are considered as one of the main challenges faced by banks as well as financial and credit Institutes. The loans received by the customers are not paid on due time, resulting in the deposit of sums of money in the account. This poses big chal MoreToday, Overdue are considered as one of the main challenges faced by banks as well as financial and credit Institutes. The loans received by the customers are not paid on due time, resulting in the deposit of sums of money in the account. This poses big challenges for the banks in Iran. Thus, the studies need to be conducted on what cause these debts and overdue to build up in the banking system and to offer the solutions accordingly. This study aims to identify the obstacles leading to the accumulation of overdue. The study uses a descriptive method of research and 30 experts from Bank Tejarat in Qazvin Province constitute the statistical population. The data were collected using questionnaire and they were analyzed using GMADM which includes DEMATEL and VIKOR. Three questionnaires were devised and 14 obstacles were identified, with the lack of credited guarantor for banks loan as having the highest weight (0.085) in bringing about these overdue. As for loans prioritization, short term loans were identified as the first priority followed by medium term loans and long term loans. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
572 - A New Model for the Selection of Parent Strategy in Multi Business Companies (By a Case Study)
sadegh abedi reza radfar"Parents (mother) strategy", i.e. the strategy used in multi-level enterprises, has recently grown as one of the main subjects of study in strategic planning field. Since the multi level enterprises have different sub enterprises (affiliates) dealing with diverse busine More"Parents (mother) strategy", i.e. the strategy used in multi-level enterprises, has recently grown as one of the main subjects of study in strategic planning field. Since the multi level enterprises have different sub enterprises (affiliates) dealing with diverse businesses in different environments, we cannot define the same strategic approach for all of them. Evidence shows that the number of multi level enterprises is continuously on increase. More than 200000 multi level enterprises with multi business were working in 2000. The figure is estimated to reach 500000 by 2005. Therefore; the main challenge is to develop an approach for determining the quality of management and interactions with the affiliated firms. We will analyze strategy in mother enterprises' level in terms of business units' performances versus organizations' life. This paper will thoroughly describe the proposed model by drawing on a case study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
573 - A Comparative Study of Four Evolutionary Algorithms for Economic and Economic-Statistical Designs of MEWMA Control Charts
سید تقی اخوان نیاکی مهدی Malaki محمد جواد ارشادی -
Open Access Article
574 - A Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization for Mixed-Model Assembly Line Balancing with Different Skilled Workers
Parviz Fattahi Parvaneh Samouei -
Open Access Article
575 - Economic Growth of Regions of Ukraine in Conditions of Disproportional Regional Development
Svitlana Shults Liliia Simkiv Uliana Andrusiv Iryna Bilyk Nadiia Klym -
Open Access Article
576 - Does Logistics Efficiency Affect Logistics Performance? An Empirical Investigation
Qurtubi Qurtubi M Suyanto Anas Hidayat Elisa KusriniA company’s performance plays a vital role in business growth. Many studies on a company’s performance have been established that involve various variables as antecedents. Among others is logistics performance. This research aims to test and analyze the impa MoreA company’s performance plays a vital role in business growth. Many studies on a company’s performance have been established that involve various variables as antecedents. Among others is logistics performance. This research aims to test and analyze the impact of logistics performance on a company’s performance by involving exogenous variables in efficiency, effectiveness, logistics differentiation, and halal certification. The fundamental theory of company performance applied in this research is the resource-based theory, with the resource-based theory key component that adopts a resource-based view. The study involved 125 business units in the halal-certified drink industries located in two provinces in Indonesia. The questionnaire was applied as the data collection method, while Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed as data analysis with parameter estimation referred to as maximum likelihood. The hypothesis test result revealed that logistics efficiency negatively influences logistics performance. On the contrary, effectivity and differentiation, as well as halal certification, positively and significantly influence logistics performance. Similarly, logistics performance substantially impacts a company’s performance. This research shares theoretical contributions in concept development, empirically proven logistics performance models, and the importance of halal certification in enhancing a company’s performance. This research also provides managerial implications for heads of companies or persons in charge of logistics for drink industries in their efforts to improve the company’s performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
577 - Derivation of Equation of Motion for the Pillow-Shape Seismic Base Isolation System
Ali Tayaran Mahmood Hosseini -
Open Access Article
578 - A Numeral Research on Effect of Vertical Component of Near Field Earthquakes on Long Span Bridges Built on Different Soil Conditions
Ali Delnavaz Hasan Aghabarati Ali ShiriTorkamani -
Open Access Article
579 - Vortex-induced energy harvesting of an elliptic blade in high-Reynolds lid-driven cavity flow
Ali Akbar Hosseinjani Ghasem Akbari -
Open Access Article
580 - The effect of communicational skills training on parent-child conflict in boys adolescents with intellectual disability in Yazd
Mehdi Zarei Hossein Abadi kazem barzegar bafrooie morteza omidianThis study examined the effect of communicational skills training on parent-child conflict in boys adolescents with intellectual disability in Yazd. The design of this study was pretest-posttest with control group type and the population included boys with intellectual MoreThis study examined the effect of communicational skills training on parent-child conflict in boys adolescents with intellectual disability in Yazd. The design of this study was pretest-posttest with control group type and the population included boys with intellectual disability 11-20 years intellectual disability special schools in Yazd in the academic year 2014-2015. The sample included 40 students that randomly selected and divided into experiment and control groups (20 persons in each group). The instruments used in this study was Robin & Faster Conflict Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) that all participants completed it in pretest and Post test. The communicational skills training program, including 12 sessions of 50 minutes, was carried to the experimental group. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as independent t-test and covariance analysis was used for data analysis. The Results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between experiment and control groups among parent-child conflict and its Dimensions (p<0/01). The obtained results of data analysis demonstrated that communicational skills training decreased parent-child conflict (41/70%) and its components in adolescents of experimental group in compare with control group. Therefore, it is suggest that emphasis on communicational skills training in intellectual disability special schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
581 - Comparison of perceived social support, hope and academic achievement between the students living in Imam Khomeini relief foundation dormitories and the welfare organization homes of parentless and unsupervised children in West Azerbaijan
Javad keyhan sara mohammad moradi naghadeh fazel ganea gare baghThe aim this research is a comparative study of perceived social support, hope and academic achievement between the students living in Imam Khomeini relief foundation dormitories and the welfare organization homes of parent less and unsupervised children in West Azerbai MoreThe aim this research is a comparative study of perceived social support, hope and academic achievement between the students living in Imam Khomeini relief foundation dormitories and the welfare organization homes of parent less and unsupervised children in West Azerbaijan province. Research method was descriptive survey and the research community statistic were included all girl and boy students in high school living in Imam Khomeini relief foundations dormitories in the west Azerbaijan province. The sampling method due to statistic population restrict was census. In this research were used to gathering information from the multidimensional perceived social support scale (MSPSS) Zimet and colleagues (1988) , the Snyder hope questionnaire (1991) and the student academic records at the end of the semester. The results of multivariate analysis of one- way showed there are significant difference between these two groups in perceived social support, hope and academic achievement. So that students living in welfare organization homes of parent less and unsupervised have good social support perceived than Imam Khomeini relief foundation dormitories student. But, hope the students covered by the Relief Committee are for significantly more than students under welfare organization. Also the independent t-test results showed that academic achievement students living in Imam Khomeini relief foundations dormitories is Significantly higher than students living in welfare organizations home of parent less and unsupervised children Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
582 - Relationship between parenting styles with emotional maturity and Alexithymia in adolescent girls
مسعود حجازی Parvin ShajariThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental parenting styles with emotional maturity and Alexithymia. The research method was correlational and the target population was all-female high school students in Zanjan, in the academic year o MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental parenting styles with emotional maturity and Alexithymia. The research method was correlational and the target population was all-female high school students in Zanjan, in the academic year of 1395-96, and their parents, among whom 200 were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. They were the data collection tool included the scale of Bamerand child-rearing styles, the emotional adolescence of Singh et al. And the Alexithymia of Toronto's nougat. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the easy parenting style and emotional insecurity, personality disintegration as well as a general score of emotional immaturity (p < 0.05). There was a positive and significant relationship between descriptive childbearing style and difficult component in descriptive sensation (p < 0.05). There was also a negative and inverse relationship between the authoritative style and the overall Alexithymia and all components (p < 0.05). The results of multiple regression tests showed that facilitation style could explain emotional instability, personality decay and emotional immaturity with 24.8%, 19.2% and 24.4% of their total variance, respectively. Also, the powerful style could predict the components of difficulty in emotion recognition, difficulty in describing emotions and Alexithymia (total score) by 20.6%, 22.9% and 16.4%, respectively (p < 0.05). Finally, in only one case did the authoritarian style explain the difficulty in describing the emotions by 16.9% (p < 0.05). Finally, according to the results of the study, the correction of parental styles in parents is suggested using educational and therapeutic interventions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
583 - comparison of parenting style of usual and bulling children among elementary school of TEHRAN fifth region
Farkhondeh Mofidi Kamran Mamghaderi Masoud Najari Ali KhezernezhadThe purpose of this study was to compare the parenting styles of bullying children with the parents of normal children by causal-comparative method. The statistical population of this study was all sixth grade boys in district 5 of Tehran and their parents were 3796 peo MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the parenting styles of bullying children with the parents of normal children by causal-comparative method. The statistical population of this study was all sixth grade boys in district 5 of Tehran and their parents were 3796 people. According to Krejcie and Morgan table, the sample size was estimated to be 350. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster randomized questionnaire using Olweus Bully/Victim questionnaire (1996) and Baumrind parenting style questionnaire (1972), 300 questionnaires (due to some incomplete questionnaires and lack of accountability To them) were collected perfectly. The reliability of the questionnaires was 83% and 76%, respectively, through the Cronbach's alpha method. Independent t-test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a statistically significant difference between parenting style of bullying and normal children and the dominant role of permissive parenting style in the parents of bullying children, and authoritative parenting style in the parents of normal children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
584 - The relationship between parenting methods and feelings of loneliness and internalizing and externalizing behavioral disorders of parents-students
maryam Taghvaee YazdiThe purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between parenting methods, feelings of loneliness and internalized and externalized behavioral disorders of primary school students in Sari, Region 1. This research has been descriptive-correlation type an MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between parenting methods, feelings of loneliness and internalized and externalized behavioral disorders of primary school students in Sari, Region 1. This research has been descriptive-correlation type and the statistical population includes all the parents-students of girls' elementary school in Sari city, region 1, whose number is 1400, using multi-stage random-cluster sampling method, 181 parents. and 121 students have been selected, and the collection tool is a 30-question questionnaire of parenting methods (Bamrind, 1991), a 24-question questionnaire on feelings of loneliness (Asher SLFS, 1984) and a child behavior list (Achenbach CBCL, 1991). The validity and reliability of the tools were confirmed after the review. Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression test were used for data analysis. The results showed that there is a relationship between parenting methods and children's feeling of loneliness. There is a relationship between parenting methods and children's internalizing and externalizing behavioral disorders. The results of the regression analysis also indicated that the contribution of each parenting style to the prediction of loneliness and internalizing and externalizing behavioral disorders of children is different, and the component of authoritative parenting style has the largest contribution (23). 0.0) and authoritarian parenting style with the lowest contribution (0.17) play a role in predicting children's feeling of loneliness. The component of authoritarian parenting style with the highest share (0.49) and authoritarian parenting style with the lowest share (0.25) play a role in predicting internalizing and externalizing behavioral disorders of children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
585 - The Effectiveness of Nurtured Heart Approach (NHA) parenting on meta-Parenting parental competence, social adjustment and emotional regulation of children aged 7-12 years
Shirin Porabdolahi Mansoureh BahramipourThe current research was aimed to the effectiveness of parenting education based on the nurtured heart approach on parenting, parenting competence, emotional regulation of 7-12-year-old children. The research method was semi-experimental and two-group design (one experi MoreThe current research was aimed to the effectiveness of parenting education based on the nurtured heart approach on parenting, parenting competence, emotional regulation of 7-12-year-old children. The research method was semi-experimental and two-group design (one experimental and one control group) with a pre-test, post-test and a 45-day follow-up period. The statistical population includes all mothers with children aged 7-12 in the city of Isfahan in the spring of 2022, which is based on available sampling of 40 mothers with children aged 7-12 who refer to counseling centers active in the field of children . They randomly assigned to two experimental (20 people) and control (20 people) groups. The educational intervention was implemented on the experimental group for 50 days and during 10 sessions and was not provided to the educational control group. The tools used include Havac and Holden's parenting questionnaire (2006), Guibad and Wandersman parenting competence questionnaire (1978), Shields and Cekiti's emotional regulation questionnaire (1997) and the parenting training package based on the nurtured heart approach. and the data was analyzed using the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements. The results showed that parenting education based on the nurtured heart approach was effective on parenting, parenting competence, and emotional regulation of 7-12-year-old children, and the effects of education remained in the follow-up phase (p<0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
586 - Comparison of temperament and character dimensions, cognitive regulation of emotion and perceived parenting style in gifted and normal teenagers
Mohammad Hosein Hojjati Majid Baradaran The purpose of this study was to compare temperament and character dimensions, cognitive emotion regulation between gifted and normal teenagers. The research method was causal-comparative and the statistical population of the research was gifted Second high schoo More The purpose of this study was to compare temperament and character dimensions, cognitive emotion regulation between gifted and normal teenagers. The research method was causal-comparative and the statistical population of the research was gifted Second high school students of Hamadan city in the academic year of 2022-2023 in the number of 450 people. From the schools, 184 students (92 gifted and 92 normal) were selected through simple random sampling method. The cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (Granfsky and et al, 2006), the temperament and character dimensions questionnaire of (Adan and et al, 2009), and the parental authority questionnaire (Bori, 1991) were used to collect data. The research hypotheses were analyzed by one-way MANOVA. The findings of the research showed that the components of cognitive emotion regulation, the average score of the adaptive emotion regulation in gifted teenagers and the average score of the maladaptive emotion regulation in normal teenagers were higher than in the gifted group. Regarding the dimensions of temperament and character, the average score of the components of novelty seeking, persistence, co-operativeness, self- directiveness and self- transcendence in gifted teenagers and the average score of the components of harm avoidance and dependence reward in normal teenagers were higher than the gifted group. Regarding the perceived parenting styles, the average score of the component of Authoritative parenting style in gifted teenagers and the average scores of the components of Authoritarian and Permissive parenting styles in normal teenagers were higher than the opposite group (P<0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
587 - Psychometric properties of Young Parenting Inventory
Layli Amirsardari Ahmad Esmali Ali KhademiThe aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of psychometric indices of Young’s parenting style inventory (1999) based on confirmatory factor analysis via Varimax rotation and achieve an exact tool for the assessment of parenting styles in Iranian MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of psychometric indices of Young’s parenting style inventory (1999) based on confirmatory factor analysis via Varimax rotation and achieve an exact tool for the assessment of parenting styles in Iranian population samples. The Statistical population was Urmia Azad University students. The sample size was 400 students that were selected by Cluster sampling involving 276 women and 124 men. The result of the confirmatory factor analysis via Varimax rotation based on 17 factors was as follows: Mother and father questionnaires were reduced from 72 to 28 and 72 to 30 questions respectively. The results are in harmony with English version of Young’s parenting questionnaire and just a few subscales need to be modified which involve: (for mothers) lack of trust/mistreatment including questions 10 and 11, in obedience factor, question 32, in altruism factor, all questions, in merit factor, all questions, in self-control factor/inadequate self-discipline, all questions. The problematic factors among all questions should be omitted or replaced. And (for fathers) in abandonment/instability factor, question 7, in altruism factor, all questions, in negativism/pessimism factor, all questions and also emotional inhibition factor in question 6 should be omitted or replaced. The results of this study showed that Young’s parenting style questionnaire is a suitable tool for assessing parenting styles in Iranian society, moreover, it is one of the effective variables in the initial creation of the maladaptive schema, and therefore, this tool is appropriate to achieve this goal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
588 - Prediction of Anxiety, Aggression and Social Competence among Preschool Children based on Parents' Maladaptive Perfectionism
Khadijeh AbolmaaliThe purpose of this study was to predict anxiety, aggression and social competence among preschool children based on parents' maladaptive perfectionism. Eight of preschool centers in Tehran and then 170 children from these centers were randomly selected. Two questionnai MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict anxiety, aggression and social competence among preschool children based on parents' maladaptive perfectionism. Eight of preschool centers in Tehran and then 170 children from these centers were randomly selected. Two questionnaires of Ahvaz perfectionism scale and Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Scale for preschool children were completed. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results suggest that only maladaptive perfectionism of mothers can predict aggression and anxiety in preschool children, but the fathers' maladaptive perfectionism can't predict these two variables. Also, social competence could not be predicted by parents' perfectionism Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
589 - Predict marital satisfaction based on perceived parenting styles and identity styles
Mina Amininejad Mahdi ShahnazarieThis study aims to predictmarital satisfaction based on perceived parenting styles and identity styles among male workers of Isfahan Steel Plant. The study population is all male workers of Isfahan Steel Plant and sample size was determined based on the Krsjy and MoreThis study aims to predictmarital satisfaction based on perceived parenting styles and identity styles among male workers of Isfahan Steel Plant. The study population is all male workers of Isfahan Steel Plant and sample size was determined based on the Krsjy and Morgan that was 240 persons, The number of samples were selected randomly .To collect the data , Enrich marital satisfaction To collect the data, Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire, Schiffer perceived parenting styles and Berzonsky styles Identity was used. The results showed that marital satisfaction is significantly correlated with authoritarian parenting styles positively and had a significant negative relationship with autocratic unresponsive parenting styles negatively. Permissive parenting style also doesn’t have a significant relationship with marital satisfaction. The findings also showed that marital satisfaction significantly had a positive relationship with normative identity style, informational identity style and commitment and had a negative and significant relationship with disoriented identity style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
590 - Effectiveness of the Acceptance-Based Education and commitment on the improvement of parental stress in girls’ elementary school mothers
Zahra Mohammadi Seyed Abbas Hashemi The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance-based education and commitment on the improvement of parental stress in girls’ elementary school mothers. The research method was semi-experimental with running pre-test More The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance-based education and commitment on the improvement of parental stress in girls’ elementary school mothers. The research method was semi-experimental with running pre-test and post-test. 60 mothers were selected among all primary school students’ mothers in Khomeini-Shahr (Isfahan) during the academic year of 2012-13.They were selected based on the research entering criteria and “available sampling” technique interview and they were randomly put into experimental group (30 mothers) and control group (30 mothers). The experimental group was under the family education based on acceptance and commitment trophy for ten 90-minute sessions. The Abidin self-reporting Questionnaire (1990) was used to assess stress in the parent-child system. The Data was analyzed by covariance analysis method. The findings of this research showed that an independent variable has an effect on empowerment, child temper, acceptance and compatibility. But, family education based on acceptance and commitment intervention failed to improve the performance of children in inattention / excessive action variable (P <0.05). In general, the results of this study indicated that the family education program based on acceptance and commitment resulted in improvement of parental stress in mothers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
591 - Compare the style of parenting, addiction to the Internet and social adjustment in normal students and self-mutilated students
Ali Afshari Zeynab DelpazirThe aim of this study was to compare the style of parenting, addiction to the Internet and social adjustment in normal students and students referred to the core advice of self-mutilation was in high school Bukan city. of studying was causal comparison. The study popula MoreThe aim of this study was to compare the style of parenting, addiction to the Internet and social adjustment in normal students and students referred to the core advice of self-mutilation was in high school Bukan city. of studying was causal comparison. The study population included all students in secondary schools in the academic year 94-93 was Bukan city. Of the population, 60 samples were selected. Sampling study aid for self-mutilation students was just available (30) it is also for normal students to sample the simple cluster sampling was used (30). The data were collected from questionnaires of parenting style of Buri (1991), Young's Internet Addiction (1999) and social adjustment Bell (1961). Information obtained using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and were analyzed using the software SPSS.19. showed that the two groups were significantly different parenting styles and Authoritative parenting style and Authoritarian parenting style in normal students, students referred to was the cause of self-mutilation and authoritarian parenting style also refer students to the cause of self-harm was more than normal students (05/0> p). As well as Internet addiction and social problems, the impact of disorganization and lack of self-control in students referred was more than normal students (05/0> p). Finally, the social adjustment of students referred to the self-immolation was less of normal students (05/0> p). Based on these results, we can conclude authoritarian and permissive parenting styles and risk factors for Internet addiction can be self-defeating behaviors in students that they reduce social adjustment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
592 - The relationship between attachment styles and child-parent conflict resolution strategies and self-efficacy with the attitudes of children toward parents
Ameneh KhalatbariThis study aims to determine the relationship between attachment styles and child-parent conflict resolution strat-egies and self-efficacy with the attitudes of children toward parents. Statistical population was of all high school students in Tonekabon city in 2015-201 MoreThis study aims to determine the relationship between attachment styles and child-parent conflict resolution strat-egies and self-efficacy with the attitudes of children toward parents. Statistical population was of all high school students in Tonekabon city in 2015-2016 who were selected as the cluster sampling method with a size of 150 samples. The research method is correlational. The results showed that:- Four variables of father’s aggression, mother’s argument, physical aggression of mother and self-efficiency of prediction power has the positive attitude of child towards father.- Four variables of father’s aggression, mother’s argument, self-efficiency and child’s aggres-sion has the prediction power of child’s positive attitude towards mother.As a result, it can be said that:For a posi-tive attitude of father, his aggression has the highest prediction power and self-efficiency has the least prediction power. However, for the positive attitude of mother, father’s aggression has the highest prediction power and child’s aggression has the least prediction power. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
593 - The relationship of parenting patterns of parents with social adjustment of second-grade high school students
Parvaneh Doodman Abbas Gholtash -
Open Access Article
594 - Simple and Multiple Relationships of constructive Environments with the Research Spirit of Graduate Students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Morteza Karami yaser garavand Mohammad KoohiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the simple and multiple relationship between constructive environments with the Research Spirit of Graduate Students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The research method was descriptive and correlational and population (475 MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the simple and multiple relationship between constructive environments with the Research Spirit of Graduate Students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The research method was descriptive and correlational and population (475) students of the faculty of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 135 of students (99 females and 36 males) were selected by Stratified random sampling based on Cochran formula. Instrument were included constructivism environments questionnaire and Research spirit. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the scale of constructivism environments and all the sub-components of the research Spirit, except for the sub-components of emphasis on previous knowledge. In addition, simple regression analysis showed that through constructivist environments, could predicted Research Spirit . Among the sub-components of constructivist environments, the three sub-components of the facilitator's role, the Formative assessment, and attention to different perspectives were able to predict the Research Spirit. Therefore, it is imperative that university professors take into account the constructivist approach Teachings to improve the student's spirit of research and, moreover, facilitate the flow of education and research rather than the transfer of information. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
595 - Analysis of psychometric properties of the Persian version of the scale of parents' educational expectations and aspirations
Hamideh Abaszadeh Malahat Amani Tyibe RahimiThis study was conducted to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of parents' educational expectations and aspirations scale. The method is survey type. The statistical population was parents of the first secondary school students in Faruj city MoreThis study was conducted to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of parents' educational expectations and aspirations scale. The method is survey type. The statistical population was parents of the first secondary school students in Faruj city in 2021. The samples were selected using the cluster sampling method. Two separate samples were used to perform exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The number of samples in the exploratory analysis was 329 people and in the confirmatory factor analysis 250 people. The parents of the students completed the scale of educational expectations and aspirations of the parents. Internal consistency, test-retest, and split-half methods were used to check reliability. Reliability values for internal consistency, split­- half, and test-retest were obtained 0.82, 0.77, and 0.74, respectively. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used for construct validity. In the exploratory analysis, the range of factor loadings was at an acceptable level. The calculation results of the KMO test were equal to 0.882 and the result of the Bartlett test was equal to 3775.677. In the confirmatory factor analysis were confirmed factors of expectations and valuing education, readiness for academic progress, educational evaluation, and stability of expectations and aspirations. The results of fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model had an acceptable fit. Therefore, the scale of educational expectations and aspirations of parents has the necessary psychometric properties for the Iranian sample. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
596 - Reasons and explanations of Mashhadian girls and women of their choice and form of coverage
Gholamreza sadig Mostafa ganizadhWomen’s coverage as a social choice has a historical significance in Iranian society This case has been discussed in recent years. The purpose of the present study has been to find out the Mashhadi women and girls’ reasons in their selectio MoreWomen’s coverage as a social choice has a historical significance in Iranian society This case has been discussed in recent years. The purpose of the present study has been to find out the Mashhadi women and girls’ reasons in their selection of their coverage. achieve this goal, the methodology of grounded theory has been used. In this study , 29 Mashhadian women were interviewed. The results are presented in the form of three impressions titled: The spectrum of Women's Coverage, Women's Subjective Principles on Coverage, and Discrepancy in the Meaning of Coverage. This article explains the most influential cases in women 's personal choices such as Personal favorites, Spouse's comments, Media Influence, Autonomous fashion, Recreational requirements, being attractive for men, etc. and also social factors and women's mentality about their coverage and others, and it has been shown that there is no fixed norm or no common overlapping mentality. This can lead to many social issues. It was also found that women had two types of mental principles about their coverage. Bringing some nakedness to the ground and concealing reasons or causes for being worn. And some other bringing worn to the ground and concealing reasons or causes for reducing their coverage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
597 - The role of self-differentiation and attachment styles in the prediction of marital intimacy
yousef ghasemi elham fathiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of self-differentiationand attachment styles in the prediction of marital intimacy in Zanjan city couples. The research method was correlation. All married couples living in Zanjan city in 2018 formed the statistical MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of self-differentiationand attachment styles in the prediction of marital intimacy in Zanjan city couples. The research method was correlation. All married couples living in Zanjan city in 2018 formed the statistical population of this study. The final sample consisted of 278 people selected by stepwise cluster sampling. The instruments of the Bagarozzi intimacy scale (2001), self-differentiated R-DSI revised questionnaire, Hazan and Shaver (1995), attachment style questionnaire. Data was analyzed by using p Stepwise multiple regression. The results showed that the outcomes and dimensions of it can not predict marital intimacy. Among attachment styles, only the avoidant attachment style could predict marital intimacy (R2 = 0.02). The findings of this study can be used to develop and implement educational and therapeutic programs in order to increase marital intimacy of couples. Key words: self-differentiation, attachment styles, marital intimacy, married couples Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
598 - Predicting marital conflicts based on early maladaptive schemas,difficulty in emotion regulation and differentiation in couples
Newsha Vaziri Atefeh Nezhadmohamad NamaghiThe aim of this study was to predict marital conflicts based on early maladaptive schemas, difficulty in emotion regulation and differentiation in couples referring to counseling centers. The research method was correlational and the statistical population of this study MoreThe aim of this study was to predict marital conflicts based on early maladaptive schemas, difficulty in emotion regulation and differentiation in couples referring to counseling centers. The research method was correlational and the statistical population of this study included couples who referred to counseling centers and 120 couples were selected using the available sampling method. The research data were collected using the revised marital conflict questionnaires MCQ-R, (2007), Young's Schema (third edition of the short form, 2005), difficulty in emotionally regulating DERS, (2004) and DSI's own differentiation (1998). The collected data was analyzed by statistical method of simultaneous and step-by-step regression analysis. The findings showed that the components of early maladaptive schemas did not have any significant effects on marital conflict. Also, among the difficult components of emotional regulation, the difficulty of controlling impulses and limited access to emotional regulation strategies, and among the components of self-differentiation, the components of my position, and cohabitation with others, predicted marital conflict predictions. According to the results, couples who are less differentiated have less flexibility, are more vulnerable to chronic marital anxiety, and are unable to use rational solutions to life's problems. The more difficult couples are to regulate their emotions and the less differentiated they are, the more prone they are to marital dissatisfaction and marital conflict. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
599 - The role Of Perception of Parenting Styles and Devotion to God to God in Anticipation of Anger Control
Fariba Farazi hamideh mazloumOne of the important and effective factors of the possibility of anger and its quality, is the amount and nature of the devotion to God as well as the parenting style. Therefore, the aim of the present research is to investigate the role of perception of parenting style MoreOne of the important and effective factors of the possibility of anger and its quality, is the amount and nature of the devotion to God as well as the parenting style. Therefore, the aim of the present research is to investigate the role of perception of parenting styles and devotion to God in anger control. Using a correlational method. 150 female students through a multi stage cluster method were selected. Scales of perception of parenting styles (POPS), to God, and anger control were applied to evaluate the research variables. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and stepwise regression using SPSS 21 software. The results showed that, among the styles to God, the safe base in the first step and the protest to separation in the second step, as well as the parenting styles, the mother''s Warmth in the third step significantly predicted student anger control. Therefore, it can be said, the mother''s Warmth, the safe base and protest to separation play an important role in anticipating anger control. Therefore, it is suggested that schools organize workshops to control anger with emphasis on teaching parenting styles and to God in the presence of students and their parents. Keywords: anger control, Attachment to God, Parenting Styles Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
600 - The Effectiveness of Group Therapy of Mutual Relationship Analysis on Parent-Child Conflict of Mothers with Incompatible Scheme of Exclusion and Exclusion
Zahra Aqamirmohammadali The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy of cross-sectional analysis on parent-child conflict between mothers with incompatible rejection and exclusion schemas. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest de More The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy of cross-sectional analysis on parent-child conflict between mothers with incompatible rejection and exclusion schemas. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and control group. The statistical population of the study included 70 mothers who referred to counseling centers and psychological services in Qom (due to having inappropriate relationships with their children) in the spring of 2018. Thirty of them were selected and randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups according to the diagnosis of incompatible rejection and cut-off scheme and purposeful sampling (inclusion and exit criteria). . Group therapy based on interaction analysis was performed on the Experimental group for 10 sessions of 90 minutes (2 sessions per week); The control group was placed on a waiting list for two months. The parent-child relationship scale was used to collect information. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that by controlling the effect of pre- There was a significant difference, between the mean post-test scores of the experimental group and the control group in the components of the parent-child relationship, including; conflict, closeness, dependence and overall positive relationship. In other words, group therapy is effective in increasing the closeness and overall positive relationship and reducing the conflict and dependence of the parent-child relationship. Overall, it can be concluded that group interaction analysis therapy can improve the parent-child relationship in mothers with early maladaptive schemas as an effective intervention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
601 - Effectiveness of Systemic-Constructivist Couple Therapy on Alexithymia and Differentiation of Self among Women Hurt by Infidelity
saminah porhoseanali Azita afkhradeiThe present study aims at investigating the effectiveness of Systemic-Constructivist Couple Therapy (SCCT) on alexithymia and differentiation of self among women hurt by infidelity. The current study used quasi-experimental research method as well as pretest-posttest an MoreThe present study aims at investigating the effectiveness of Systemic-Constructivist Couple Therapy (SCCT) on alexithymia and differentiation of self among women hurt by infidelity. The current study used quasi-experimental research method as well as pretest-posttest and control group. The statistical population included all infidelity hurt women referred to Counseling and Psychotherapy Center of Sirjan in 2018 which 30 women selected among them by goal-oriented sampling method (inclusion and exclusion criteria) and appointed into two experimental (15) and control (15) groups. Systemic-Constructivist Couple Therapy approach applied on experimental group in nine 2-hour sessions, two sessions a week; control group placed in waiting list. In order collect data Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) (1994) by Bagby and others and Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI) (1982) by Skowron and Friedlander used in two pretest and posttest stages. Data analyzed by means of multivariate covariance analysis test. The findings of the study revealed that by controlling pretest effect, there is significant difference between experimental and control group in pretest mean scores regarding alexithymia and differentiation of self variables. Accruing to the result of the present study it is concluded that Systemic-Constructivist Couple Therapy influence on alexithymia reduction and differentiation of self increase as an effective interference among women hurt by infidelity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
602 - The effect of Rumi’s integrated didactic model training on parent-child relationships in female students
Fariba Farazi Masoumeh Esmaili Hossein Eskandari Mohammad HatamiParents and their children build new relationships with each other during adolescence. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Rumi’s integrated didactic model training on parent-child relationships. The present study was a ‎Quasi-experimental ‎resea MoreParents and their children build new relationships with each other during adolescence. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Rumi’s integrated didactic model training on parent-child relationships. The present study was a ‎Quasi-experimental ‎research with a pretest-‎posttest ‎control group design and the statistical population comprised all twelfth grade female students in Birjand technical schools in the academic year 2016-2017. Out of this population, 30 people who met the inclusion criteria were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Fine, Moreland and Schwebel Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (1983) was used to measure the dependent variable. The training program was performed in 8 sessions of 1 hour for the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results demonstrated that Rumi’s integrated didactic model training improved parent-child relationships compared to the control group (P <0.05). According to the obtained results, it can be stated that the quality of parent-child relationships improves as a result of Rumi’s integrated didactic model training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
603 - The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Internalized Shame of Abused Women
Parisa Amini Ramzan HasanzadehIll-parented women are at risk Among vulnerable group and they have critical problems in some domains such as social, emotional and economic. Yet little has been written about the Internalized shame as one of their big problems. The aim of this study was to evaluat MoreIll-parented women are at risk Among vulnerable group and they have critical problems in some domains such as social, emotional and economic. Yet little has been written about the Internalized shame as one of their big problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on internalized shame in Ill-parented women. In this study which was a Quasi-Experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group, the sample group was selected by available sampling method from women referred to Tehran’s NGO. Therefore 30 female subjects were chosen randomly and assigned to two control & experimental groups (each with 15 subjects) and were evaluated based on Internalized Shame of women under the Mehr association of Tehran. To assess Internalized Shame, Cook's Internalized Shame Questionnaire was used respectively in pre-test and post-test. The experimental group experienced the treatment based on commitment and acceptance therapy and the control group did not receive any treatment. Data were analyzed by analysis of Covariance. The results emphasize the importance of this intervention in internalized shame and provide an effective treatment for clinical interventions Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
604 - Married stepparents with stepchild in Iranian law
Alasadat Afghah Azam Khosh Sorat MovafaghAdoption is one of the most important issues in the family. The legislator has been paying attention to this issue for years, because human childhood usually has significant effects on adulthood. In 1392 note 26 of law of the protection of orphaned and neglected c MoreAdoption is one of the most important issues in the family. The legislator has been paying attention to this issue for years, because human childhood usually has significant effects on adulthood. In 1392 note 26 of law of the protection of orphaned and neglected children state that it is permissible to marry an adopted child with a guardian if appropriate. Jurisprudently and in accordance with the initial commandments there is no prohibition on this marriage, but the above mentioned note in the terms of jurisprudence and legally has been the matter of the place of reflection for, many lawyers and experts are concerned about family issues. Because it contradicts with the general order of society and good ethic. On one hand one handone hand the lack of clarity in the concept of expediency in the legislator expression on the other hand the deteriorating of educational environment for the adoptive child due to the interplay of adaption and possible spouse relationship and being ? by this marriage and also because of the loss of stepparent mental security due to the possible suspicion, it is suggested that The legislator should revise the mentioned not in the form of secondary provisions and prohibit the marriage of the adopted children with the stepparents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
605 - Effectiveness of Instructional Hope centered Parenting Package on Parental Stress of Mothers of Preschool Children in Isfahan
Mehdi Mazaheri Tehrani Mohammad Masoud Dayariyan Fatemeh Javadzadeh ShahshahaniThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of instructional hope centered parenting package on Parenting Stress of mothers of Preschool children in Isfahan. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test and follow-up with MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of instructional hope centered parenting package on Parenting Stress of mothers of Preschool children in Isfahan. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test and follow-up with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study was mothers of preschool children in Isfahan in 2020, of which 30 mothers were screened through accessible sampling. Finally, 30 mothers randomly assigned to the experimental group (15 mothers) and the control group (15 mothers). The applied instruments included instructional hope center parenting package (researcher-made) and short form Parenting Stress (Abidin,1983). Participants in both groups completed short form of Parenting Stress questionary in three stages. The experimental group received a 90-minute training package (researcher-made) for 10 sessions. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software. The results indicated the effect of the Instructional Hope Center Parenting Package on the score of negative Parenting Stress (P< 0.05) in the post-test stage and the stability of this effect in the follow-up stage. The results of the study suggest evidences that training this package to reduce ParentingStress in mothers. This research can be useful for psychotherapists and counselors in the field of family and children counseling and choosing the type of intervention to educate parents. Stress in three stages. The experimental group received a 90-minute training package (researcher-made) for 10 sessions. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software. The results indicated the effect of the Instructional Hope centered Parenting Package on the score of negative Parenting Stress (P< 0.05) in the post-test stage and the stability of this effect in the follow-up stage. The results of the study suggest evidences training though this package can reduce the parenting stress in mothers. This research can be useful for psychotherapists and counselors in the field of family and children counseling and choosing the type of intervention to educate parents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
606 - Comparison of the effectiveness of parenting education based on acceptance and commitment and parenting based on positive psychology on emotion regulation, resilience and mother-child relationship in mothers of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder
Mahboobeh Banani Naser Amini Mahmood Borjali Moloud KeykhosravaniMothers of children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder face significant challenges. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based parenting education and parenting based on positive psychology on emotion regulatio MoreMothers of children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder face significant challenges. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based parenting education and parenting based on positive psychology on emotion regulation, resilience and mother-child relationship in the statistical population of mothers with children with disabilities. Attention / hyperactivity 8 to 12 years old boy in Tehran in 1399-1400 was a quasi-experimental research method with a pre-test-post-test design with 2 expriences group and one control group. By available sampling, 45 volunteer mothers were included in the study and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The research instruments were the Graz and Roemer Emotion Difficulty Scale, the Conroy-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Pianta Mother-Child Relationship Scale, which included parenting and commitment training based on Kevin and Morrell and Seligman's Positive Psychology training. To analyze the data, descriptive indices (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of covariance) were used in SPSS software version 22. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the parenting group based on acceptance and commitment, the parenting group based on positive psychology and the control group in the mean score of emotion regulation and mother-child relationship. But there was no significant difference in the mean resilience score, so counselors are advised to use the findings of the present study in line with clinical interventions to help better emotion regulation increase resilience and improve the quality of mother-child relationship in mothers of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
607 - The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment-based Treatment on Children's Anxiety and the Parenting Stress of Mothers
Kowsar Tardast Abbas Amanelahi GholamReza Rajabi Khaled Aslani Khadijeh ShiraliniaThe purpose of the present study was to Complete this sentence about the purpose of the study ….The research population included 7 to 12-year-old ahvaz children with symptoms of anxiety. Three Anxious by the age of 7… 7 to 12 years old and their mothers we MoreThe purpose of the present study was to Complete this sentence about the purpose of the study ….The research population included 7 to 12-year-old ahvaz children with symptoms of anxiety. Three Anxious by the age of 7… 7 to 12 years old and their mothers were selected using purposeful sampling. Non-congruent multiple baseline experimental single case study was used as the method of the present study. The efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment based Therapy Protocol was carried out in three phases of intervention (Baseline, 12 session treatment and 1 month follow-up) by using the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale- Parent form and Parenting Stress index– short form delete. Data were analyzed with visuals inspection, improvement percentage and reliable change index (RCI) strategies. The results presented the positive effect of acceptance-and-commitment-based parenting education on treatment's targets. Moreover, this training was able to reduce not only the children's anxiety but the parenting stress of mothers as well.Conflict of interest: According to the authors, the present article did not have any conflict of interest.C Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
608 - compare the effectiveness of mindful parenting and democratic parenting on the conflict between mothers and adolescents aged 13 to 15 years
Farahnaz Fard Shahla Pakdaman Asghar MinaeiThe aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of mindful parenting and democratic parenting on the conflict between mothers and adolescents aged 13 to 15 years. This study was experimental with pre-test-post-test and randomized follow-up in terms of appl MoreThe aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of mindful parenting and democratic parenting on the conflict between mothers and adolescents aged 13 to 15 years. This study was experimental with pre-test-post-test and randomized follow-up in terms of applied purpose and method. The statistical population included the mothers of 13 to 15 year old female students in Tehran. A total of 175 mothers were selected from a junior high school and were assessed using the Murray Strauss (1979) Conflict Scale. Fifty-four mothers with the highest conflict scores were randomly assigned to three groups of 18 after matching. The two experimental groups received eight 120-minute training sessions. Subjects were tested in three stages by the Murray Strauss (1979) Conflict Scale. The results of data analysis using SPSS software and repeated measures analysis of variance method showed that the mother-adolescent conflict scores of both experimental groups in the post-test were significantly reduced compared to the control group and were still low in the two-month follow-up (P>0/01). It was also found that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two methods on the conflict between mothers and adolescents (P<0/05) and both methods can be used to reduce mother-adolescent conflict.The results of data analysis using SPSS software and variance analysis method withRepeated measurement showed that the mother-adolescent conflict scores of both experimental groups significantly decreased in the post-test compared to the control group. And it was still low in the two-month follow-up. It was also found that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of the two methods on the conflict between mothers and adolescents it does not exist and both methods can be used to reduce the mother-teen conflict. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
609 - Comparing the effectiveness of mindfulness based compassion therapy and positive cognitive-behavioral therapy on parent-child conflict of female headed households
Azam Rahbarian Tayebeh Sharifi Ahmad GhazanfariThe aim of this research was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based compassion therapy and positive cognitive-behavioral therapy on parent-child conflict of female headed households. The design of this study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and MoreThe aim of this research was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based compassion therapy and positive cognitive-behavioral therapy on parent-child conflict of female headed households. The design of this study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population included female headed households of Shahrekord. 60 women were selected by purposive sampling and were randomly assigned in three groups in 2022. Then experimental groups were treated mindfulness-based compassion therapy and positive cognitive-behavioral therapy for 8 sessions of 120 minutes. the Robin and Foster's Conflict Behavioral Questionnaire (20CBQ) was used to determine the effectiveness of the interventions and finally, the data were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance. The finding showed that both interventions are effective in reducing the parent-child conflict score of female headed households, and Also, positive cognitive-behavioral therapy was more effective in reducing parent-child conflict. According to the results of the research, these two intervention can be used along with other psychological interventions to improve the parent-child conflicts of female headed households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
610 - The Comparison of the Effectiveness of Life Skills and Logo Therapy Training on Psychological Well-being and Maternal Parenting Stress of Mothers of Children with Intellectual Disability
Masoumeh Sarhangi Seyyed Davood Hosseini Nasab Amir panahaliBirth of a mentally retarded child as a crisis can affect the mental health of family members, especially mothers. Aim of the research was to compare the effectiveness of life-skills training and meaning-therapy on psychological well-being and parenting stress of mother MoreBirth of a mentally retarded child as a crisis can affect the mental health of family members, especially mothers. Aim of the research was to compare the effectiveness of life-skills training and meaning-therapy on psychological well-being and parenting stress of mothers of mentally retarded children. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population was all the mothers of mentally retarded students in exceptional schools of Urmia(2020-2021), using available sampling method, 60 people were selected as a sample, and assigned to two experimental groups(40 people) and a control group(20 people). Ryff questionnaire(to measure psychological well-being), Matson questionnaire(to communication skills) and Abidin questionnaire(to mothers' parenting stress) were used. The first group received life-skills and the second group received meaning-therapy through a 10-session training package, and the control group didn’t receive any educational intervention. The data were analyzed using one-way and multivariate covariance tests. Results: life-skills training was effective in increasing psychological well-being and its five subscales, and reducing parenting stress and its subscales(p<0.05), meaning-therapy training has been effective in increasing psychological well-being and its four sub-scales, and reducing parenting stress and its sub-scales(p>0.05). In comparing the effectiveness of life -skills and meaning-therapy in psychological well-being; sub-scale of purposeful life and under parenting stress; the sub-scale of problematic child characteristics and stress-parenting had a higher effectiveness than meaning-therapy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
611 - The mediating role of self- differentiation and forgiveness in the relationship between psychological capital and life satisfaction in married women.
roghieh Haji Rostamloo Abdolhasan Farhangi Reza HosseinpourLife satisfaction is one of the most important factors of well-being and mental health, which positive psychology has paid special attention to in recent decades. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of self-differentiation and MoreLife satisfaction is one of the most important factors of well-being and mental health, which positive psychology has paid special attention to in recent decades. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of self-differentiation and forgiveness in the relationship between psychological capital and life satisfaction in married women. This research was descriptive and correlational. Its statistical population included 798 married women in Tehran city, who were selected by multi-stage sampling method and used Diener's (1985) life satisfaction questionnaires, Luthans and Morgan's (2007) psychological capitals, Drake's individual differentiation (2011) and interpersonal forgiveness answered by Ehtshamzadeh et al. (2011). Structural equation method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The results showed that psychological capital, self-differentiation and interpersonal forgiveness directly had a significant effect on life satisfaction (P < 0.05). In addition, these psychological capitals had an effect on life satisfaction indirectly and through the mediation of interpersonal forgiveness and self- differentiation (P < 0.05). The findings of this study can be used to create a solution to reduce the destructive effects of not being satisfied with life in married women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
612 - The relationship between differentiation and the Desire for virtual space cyberspace with the tendency to divorce due to the mediating role of the main family health in divorce applicants
Seyed Mahdi Alavi Alavi Hoseyn MahoorThe purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of main family health in relation to differentiation and Desire for virtual space with a tendency to divorce in divorce applicants referred to the Welfare Intervention Center of Mashhad. This research was a MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of main family health in relation to differentiation and Desire for virtual space with a tendency to divorce in divorce applicants referred to the Welfare Intervention Center of Mashhad. This research was applied in terms of purpose by using the method of finding the field and using correlation and regression. The statistical population of this study consisted of all divorce applicants referred to the Mashhad Welfare Crisis Intervention Center in 1999. Using the Cochran's formula, 375 male and female divorce applicants participated in this study voluntarily. The questionnaires used in this study were: Self-differentiation (DSI) Scuron and Fridlender (2000 Hovestadt, Anderson, Piercy, Cochran, & Fine (1985) main family scale (1985) and Young's (1999) which Were distributed to the the sample group. Data were analyzed by statistical software and the results of the present study using structural equations showed that family health plays a mediating role in the relationship between differentiation and the to cyberspace with a tendency to divorce in divorce applicants (p <0.05). It also showed that differentiation and cyberspace are related to the health of the main family and the tendency to divorce.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
613 - The Canonical Correlation Analysis of the Relationship between Self-Differentiation and Attachment Behavior in Couple Relationships with Sensation Seeking in Women with Tendency to Marital Infidelity
Fahime Kashefi Manouchehr Azkhosh Mohammad Saeed Khanjani Hakime AghaeiThe aim of this study will be to investigate canonical correlation analysis of the relationship between self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking in women with tendency to marital infidelity. The quantitative- correlatio MoreThe aim of this study will be to investigate canonical correlation analysis of the relationship between self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking in women with tendency to marital infidelity. The quantitative- correlation method was used. The statistical population of the present study was all married women who referred to counseling and psychological centers in Tehran city in year 1401. In this study, according Convenience sampling method, 200 people were selected as samples and they were asked to fill in attitudes toward infidelity scale, sensation seeking scale, self-differentiation inventory short form and brief accessibility, responsiveness, and engagement scale of Sandberg. The collected data was analyzed using Canonical correlation. Findings showed that there was significant relationship between self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking (P<0/01). The results Canonical correlation showed that common variance of self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking was 57/6%. According to the findings of this research, psychologists and family counselors can learn about variables predicting sensation seeking, such as self-differentiation and attachment behavior in spouses' marital relationships, and by strengthening them, engage in marital counseling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
614 - The effectiveness training on parenting skills with emotional Self-disclosure, care stress and parental stress of mothers of Autistic children
Asma Rezaye Nasrin MohaddesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness training on parenting skills emotional of self-disclosure, care pressure and parental stress of mothers of children with autism. This research is a pre-test and post-test with a control group in terms of applied pu MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness training on parenting skills emotional of self-disclosure, care pressure and parental stress of mothers of children with autism. This research is a pre-test and post-test with a control group in terms of applied purpose and in terms of quasi-experimental research design. The statistical population of this study included all mothers with children with autism spectrum disorder in Tabriz in 2021 who referred to autism centers in this city and have a medical record of this disorder. Based on the proposed diagnostic criteria of the latest statistical diagnostic version of mental disorders and by purposeful sampling method, 30 people were selected from the comprehensive group and were divided into two experimental groups (15 people) and control (15 people). To collect data, Snell Emotional Self-Disclosure Scale, Abidin Parental Stress Questionnaire, Zarit et al. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance. The results showed that parenting skills training has an effect on self-disclosure, parental stress and caring stress and increases emotional self-disclosure and reduces parental stress and caring stress in mothers. Therefore, paying attention to parenting skills plays an important role in improving the problems of mothers with autistic children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
615 - Predicting coronavirus anxiety in children based on positive psychological characteristics and parent-child interaction
Roshanak Aminifar Mehdi AghapourThe purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between positive psychological characteristics and parent-child interaction with children's corona anxiety. The research method was a correlation survey. The statistical population was the parents of pri MoreThe purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between positive psychological characteristics and parent-child interaction with children's corona anxiety. The research method was a correlation survey. The statistical population was the parents of primary school students in the 2nd district of Tabriz in 1399-1400. Using systematic random sampling, 380 people were selected and Rashid's Positive Psychological Characteristics Questionnaire, Pianta's Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire, and Corona Alipour's Anxiety Questionnaire were used to collect data. Multiple regression analysis showed that positive psychological characteristics and parent-child interaction can predict the changes related to children's corona anxiety. Among the predictor variables, except the pleasant life variable, other variables had a significant relationship with the anxiety caused by Corona. Also, the relationship between responsible life, meaningful life, and closeness factor was negative with anxiety caused by Corona, and the relationship between conflict and dependency factor was positive with anxiety caused by Corona. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
616 - Predicting Marital Satisfaction Based on Sexual Satisfaction, Distinction, and Thoughtful Thinking Among Young Couples in Isfahan
Akram Lotfi shavea Taqipoor Leila Sadat Masiri Fard Masiri Fard Khadijeh MoradiIntroduction: The relationship of marital satisfaction is one of the most important relationships that introduces the upbringing of the next generation, the psychological well-being of couples, and the independence of individuals themselves. The purpose of this study wa MoreIntroduction: The relationship of marital satisfaction is one of the most important relationships that introduces the upbringing of the next generation, the psychological well-being of couples, and the independence of individuals themselves. The purpose of this study was to predict marital satisfaction based on sexual satisfaction, differentiation and definitive thinking among young couples in Isfahan. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study was all young couples in Isfahan who were married for less than 10 years, which was 7000. Based on Morgan's table, 364 people were selected by clustered and available sampling method. For data collection, Walter W. Hudson's marital satisfaction scales (1992), Hadson-Herison & Kouscap's sexual satisfaction (1981), Scorn & Friedlander’s differentiation of self-scales (1998) and the definitive thinking scale of Younesi and Mirafzal (1383) were used. The collected data were analyzed using multiple regression. Findings: Findings showed that there was a significant relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction (r = 343/0 p <0.05); there was a significant relationship between differentiation and marital satisfaction (0.05 p <205 / 0r =); There was a significant relationship between definitive thinking and marital satisfaction (r = 353 p <0.05); on the other hand, sexual satisfaction variable explained 12.5% of marital satisfaction changes; also, the definitive thinking variable An average of 4.2% of marital satisfaction changes. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the research, in order to improve the marital satisfaction of young couples, individual and group courses can be trained to adjust the differentiation and achieve sexual satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
617 - پیش بینی کیفیت زندگی دانشجویان دختر براساس متغیرهای تمایز یافتگی و تاب آوری
حسن احدی افسانه علیزاده اصلی -
Open Access Article
618 - The Pathology of Parent Education in Maku (From the Viewpoint of the parent- participants in family education schooling)
علی نقی اقدسی ابولفضل فرید حمیرا بایرام زادهThe present research studies the pathology of parent education classes, based on the importance and priority of the factors affecting the Education Administration of Maku. The research is of descriptive- correlation type .The statistical population includes all the pare MoreThe present research studies the pathology of parent education classes, based on the importance and priority of the factors affecting the Education Administration of Maku. The research is of descriptive- correlation type .The statistical population includes all the parents of the students of three levels (elementary school, guidance school, high school) during the academic year 2010-2011. In order to test the success of the family training program, the researchers selected 270 parents from 17 schools as the sample by using multi-stage cluster random sampling technique .The research questionnaire contains 45 questions, and for data analysis, the correlation test has been used. The results indicated that human resource, teaching method, evaluation, and syllabus content have a significant effect on the success rate of parent education program. Also, the evaluation fact with the standard coefficient of 0.357 has the maximum impact on success rate of the parent education program. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
619 - Predicting the creativity of gifted teenagers with intelligence Abilities parenting styles, spiritual happiness and popularity in the family
Jafar Mamaghani GholamAli Afrooz Bagher Ghobari Bonab Sogand GhasemzadehThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between creativity and cognitive abilities of gifted teenager and test the threshold hypothesis. This research was a correlation study. In this research, the students studying in schools of the East Azarbaija MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between creativity and cognitive abilities of gifted teenager and test the threshold hypothesis. This research was a correlation study. In this research, the students studying in schools of the East Azarbaijan Province were selected as a study population and 125 first-year students of the first grade of Tizhoushan Allameh Tabataba'i in Bonab were selected in educational year of 97-96 study with purposeful sampling as a prototype. The fourth edition of Children's Wechsler Measurement Scale for adolescents was performed. All students studying in schools of East Azarbaijan Province were study population. 125 secondary male students of Allameh-Tabatabee Tizhoshan School in Bonab were chosen as our sample. Students were assessed through WISC-IV and 81 of them having IQ of 115 or more in one of indices of WISC-IV were chosen as the study’s sample. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and research instruments used in this study are: questionnaires of popularity of parents, spiritual happiness, parenting Styles, creativity test and WISC-IV. The results revealed that mother’s positive parenting styles (Beta 0/306), spiritual happiness (Beta 0/249) of environmental factors and FIQs (Beta 0/234) of cognitive factors are those that account for creativity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
620 - The effectiveness of Lane Clark parenting training on reducing parent-child conflict and girls' anxiety
Hasan Gharibi Hiva Mahmoodi Kamel Abdollah NezhadThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of parenting skills training girls based on the method of Lynn Clark's method in the reduction of parent-child conflict and anxiety in middle school. The method of this research was semi-experimental with pre-test an MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of parenting skills training girls based on the method of Lynn Clark's method in the reduction of parent-child conflict and anxiety in middle school. The method of this research was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female students in the city of Ghorveh during the academic year of 1997-1996 (1225), which 50 students were randomly selected using cluster random sampling in two groups of 25 test and control groups. At first, a parent-child conflict and anxiety pre-test was performed from both groups. Then, the parents of the experimental group received 8 parenting education sessions based on Lynn Clark's method. After teaching parenting skills, a post-test was performed from the experimental and control groups. The data were collected through the cattle anxiety inventory questionnaire and parent-child conflict questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multi-path covariance analysis. The findings showed that parenting education skills influenced by Lynn Clark's approach to reducing parent-child conflict and anxiety in middle school girls. So we can used teach parenting skills to parents as a way to improve their relationships with their children and improve educational. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
621 - Social adjustment prediction based on parenting schemas and parent-child attachment styles in teenage girl students in Tabriz city
Latifh Nazami masomeh AzemodhOne of the important factors in socializing the child is parents. The present study aims to investigate the patterns of parenting and attachment styles and their relationship with social adjustment of the student's teenage girls. The statistical population of the study MoreOne of the important factors in socializing the child is parents. The present study aims to investigate the patterns of parenting and attachment styles and their relationship with social adjustment of the student's teenage girls. The statistical population of the study was all teenage girls with a mean age of 13-16 years. 100 of them were selected by cluster random sampling and responded to the Hazan and Shaver's attachment styles questionnaire and Sinha and Sing's Adjustmentquestionnaire. Young's parenting schemas questionnaire was also answered by parents. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between parenting schemas and safe attachment style with social adolescence, and 80 percent of social adjustment of adolescent girls is explained by parenting schemas and secure attachment style. This results in the need to educate a variety of parenting styles, as well as the importance of establishing a secure child-parent attachment to parents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
622 - The Effect of Irrigation Regime on Yield and Some of Physiological and Morphological Traits in 8 Lines and Cultivars of Pea
A. Behrouzmand M. Yarnia M.B. Khorshidi BenamThis research was conducted in order to evaluate effects of irrigation levels on yield and yield components of 8 pea lines and cultivars at research station of faculty of agriculture in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch in 2010 growth season. The experiment was con MoreThis research was conducted in order to evaluate effects of irrigation levels on yield and yield components of 8 pea lines and cultivars at research station of faculty of agriculture in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch in 2010 growth season. The experiment was conducted in split plot form based on completely block design with three replications. Treatments were irrigation levels: Irrigation after 70, 105 and 140 mm evaporation from pan as main plot, and lines and cultivars of pea: Jam, Azad, FLIP 00-78C, FLIP 97- 32C, FLIP 00-75C, FLIP 97-26C, ILC8617 and ILC 482 as sub plot. Results showed that the highest branch number per plant, number of pod and number of grain per plant were obtained in ILC 482 and the lowest number grain per plant were obtained in FLIP00-78c and ILC 86 17. The higher values for grain yield (208 g.m-2) were obtained in ILC 482. In comparison to irrigation after 70 mm evaporation from the evaporation pan, the irrigation after 105 and 140 mm evaporation caused 23 and 45% decreases in the leaf area, 29 and 52% in number of grain per plant, 11 and 23 % in 1000 kernel weight, 29 and 51 % in pod number per plant, respectively. Irrigation after 105 and 140 mm evaporation from the evaporation pan, led to 27 and 64% reduction in grain yield, so in production of pea should be considered to value of water and yield of crop. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
623 - Evaluation of the Effects of Integrated Management Weed Control on Corn Field by Using Reduced Dose of Foramsulfuron and Nicosulfuron Herbicides
M. Matinfar M. Matinfar F. Lotfi Mavi A.R. ShayestehniaIn order to evaluate the effects of integrated weed management on weed control by using reduced herbicide dose, a field experiment was conducted in 2010 in Qazvin. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with 24 treatments and 4 replications. Th MoreIn order to evaluate the effects of integrated weed management on weed control by using reduced herbicide dose, a field experiment was conducted in 2010 in Qazvin. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with 24 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were: different planting patterns at three levels (single row, square double rows and zigzag double row plantings) and doses of Nicosulfuron and Foramsulfuron application at four levels (1, 1/5, 2 and 2/5 liters per hectare), The results showed that among the different planting patterns, zigzag planting reduced weed populations and their dry weights significantly. Foramsulfuron herbicide could control weeds better than Nicosulfuron. Among the herbicide dosages, 2/5 litter dose per hectare highly reduced weed density its dry weight as compared to one litter dose. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
624 - Yield Comparisons of Mung-bean as Affected by Its Different Nutritions (Chemical, Biological and Integration) under Tillage Systems
Fakher Kardoni Sadegh Bahamin Behroz Khalil Tahmasebi Seyed-Hossein Ghavim-Sadati Seyyed Esmaeil VahdaniTo compare yields of mung bean under different nutrition (Chemical, Biological and Integrated) and tillage systems a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2015. Treatments consisted of 3 levels of till MoreTo compare yields of mung bean under different nutrition (Chemical, Biological and Integrated) and tillage systems a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2015. Treatments consisted of 3 levels of tillage systems (no-tillage, conservation tillage and conventional tillage) and 4 levels of plant nutritions (inoculated with mycorrhiza + 50% nitrogen, 50% nitrogen without mycorrhizal inoculation, mycorrhizal inoculation +100 percent nitrogen, without inoculation with mycorrhiza + 50% nitrogen). The results showed that plant nutrient sources affected yield significantly. The highest grain yield (1510.03 kg.ha-1) was obtaind by using conservation tillage, 50% nitrogen and mycorhizal seed inoculation. This yield was 50% more than conventional tillage and nitrogen fertilizer and mycorrhizal seed inoculation which was 934.1 kg.ha-1. The highest protein yield (24.99 kg.ha-1) belonged to conventional tillage, 50 percent of nitrogen use and mycorrhizal inoculation, which is 100% (13.33 kg.ha-1) more than conventional tillage and nitrogen fertilizer with 50 percent of mycorrhizal inoculation. In general, the results showed that the use of tillage did not have significant effect on most of the traits. This result could be different if this experiment would be continued for several years. These results indicated that mycorrhizal seed inoculation reduced the need for nitrogen fertilizer, while increased seed yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
625 - Analysis of high-risk behavior experience among youths with emphasis on parent-child conflict
Sepideh Nasiri Ne,mat Sotodeh Ali asghar Firouzjaeian faezeh jahanHigh risk behaviors among youths are current social harms in today's societies.so studying of its effective factors is too crucial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adolescent conflict with family on high-risk behaviors among high school studen MoreHigh risk behaviors among youths are current social harms in today's societies.so studying of its effective factors is too crucial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adolescent conflict with family on high-risk behaviors among high school students.it was don with survey method. Data were obtained using a researcher-made questionnaire on high-risk behavior, parent-child conflict scale (Robin and Foster, 1989) from 385 students with the cluster random sampling method. findings indicated meaningful and positive correlation between adolescent conflict with family (conflict with mother and father) and experience of student risky behavior. Test of theoretical model show that effect of conflict with family on risky behavior is positive and meaningful (Beta=-0.37). also, model is fit).).so the more parent -child conflict, more high risky behavior among youths.it is so important to enhance self- treating skills among students and family social skill to prevent risky behavior among youths. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
626 - Investigating the relationship between use of virtual (social) networks and family cohesion among city of Naghade families
Rubabe Porjebeli Seyyede Samane RezaieThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of social networks and the social cohesion of families in Naghade. The population of the research was all family households (23706) in Naghade among whom 378 individuals chosen as a sample using C MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of social networks and the social cohesion of families in Naghade. The population of the research was all family households (23706) in Naghade among whom 378 individuals chosen as a sample using Cochran formula and multi-stage random cluster sampling method. In the present study a researcher-made questionnaire was used as a research tool. The validity and reliability was tested by alpha cronbach. Based on the results obtained, there was a reverse and significant relationship between the amount of use of virtual networks and the cohesion of the family. In examining the family cohesion, the relationship between variables of the degree of desirability of marital relationships and parent-child relationships with the amount of use of virtual networks is significant and inverse. But there was no significant correlation between the amount of use of virtual networks and the degree of desirability of family relationships. Also there was no significant difference between the type of activity in virtual networks and the integration of families. Finally, the degree of family cohesion was different in terms of educational level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
627 - Determinin the Rate of Violence Spread and the Social Factors Affecting It (A case study of Ajabshir high schools, boy and girl students).
Mahmood Elmi Khadijeh TighzanViolence among adolescents is one of the major problems in societies which is increasing nowadays. Adolescent violence as a social issue, like other social issues, is affected by different factors. The aim of this research is to investigate the social factors affecting MoreViolence among adolescents is one of the major problems in societies which is increasing nowadays. Adolescent violence as a social issue, like other social issues, is affected by different factors. The aim of this research is to investigate the social factors affecting violence among high school students by using theories of social psychology and sociology in particular. The research is a survey and the research tool is a questionnaire which was distributed among 375 boy and girl students of Ajabshir high schools, who were chosen through systematic and clustering sampling technique. The findings showed that lack of affection toward parents, lack of parent supervision over children's behavior, parents, ill-treatment with children, parents, conflict with each other, peer felons, lack of commitment to ethics, punishment at school, and parents, strictness have a direct and significant relationship with adolescent violence. The multiple regression analysis indicated that the variables of parents, ill-treatment, lack of affection toward parents, parents, supervision, socio-economic status, team work, peer felons, and commitment to ethics have a major share in determining the rate of students, violence. The obtained rate was 51%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
628 - A Qualitative Study of Adolescent Sexual Education and its Contextual Factors with Emphasis on Interpersonal Relations with Case study: High school adolescent girls and boys residing in Tehran
Sarvenaz T orbati Somayeh Tajik Esmaeili Nika KhosraviSex education is adopting methods for creating healthy sexualcharacteristics and behaviors and at the same time removing inappropriatesexual characteristics and behaviors from human existence. In otherwords, sex education offers a series of essential psychological, phys MoreSex education is adopting methods for creating healthy sexualcharacteristics and behaviors and at the same time removing inappropriatesexual characteristics and behaviors from human existence. In otherwords, sex education offers a series of essential psychological, physical,and religious information regarding the sexual field related to anindividual, as well as providing information and awareness to theindividual in order to become more familiar with the characteristics of theopposite sex. The present study aimed to investigate sex education ofadolescents in Tehran and its underlying factors with emphasis oninterpersonal relationships with parents. To this end, qualitative researchmethod and interviewing technique were used for data collection. Thegrounded theory approach was employed to analyze the data. Theobtained data resulted in forming categories such as awareness ofreligious issues related to sex education, parents’ awareness of sexualissues and its physical and psychological effects, parents’ appropriatebehaviors in family, parents’ awareness of and dominance on somecommunication skills for better connections with children, sex educationin the form of school education, parents’ education and socialization,correct transfer of sexual norms and guidelines to children, existence ofan emotional connection in family, supervision of school activities forchildren and adolescents, and cooperation with parents in this field. Theseconcepts were categorized into three themes: family, educational orextramarital and social factors. Finally, based on the results, one of themain reasons for influencing sexual education in this study is theawareness among families and at the top among parents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
629 - Investigating attitudes of students of Islamic Azad University (District 13) towards their differences in social values with their parents on family and marriage issues
Davood Ebrahim PoorThis research aims to understand the differences in the attitudes of students and parents about the family values and marriage from students' point of view. In this paper, survey and descriptive research methods are applied and a questionnaire is the tool of collecting MoreThis research aims to understand the differences in the attitudes of students and parents about the family values and marriage from students' point of view. In this paper, survey and descriptive research methods are applied and a questionnaire is the tool of collecting data. The population consisted of students in departments and centers of Islamic Azad University (District 13) during academic year of 2014-2015, estimated to be 96000 students. According to research results, there exists a difference between the attitude of the students and their parents about the characteristics of a good spouse, how to select spouse, the right age of marriage, the age difference between males and females in marriage, dating before marriage, the importance of parental consent for marriage, the reception of comments and advices provided by parents after marriage, the importance of parental consent for marriage, thinking on the kinds of authority in family, importance of children in the family, desired number of children and desire to visit family members after marriage. There is no difference between students and their parents in their attitudes towards an appropriate place to live after marriage, desired children gender and women employment outside the home. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
630 - The role of political culture on the formation and development of the Takfiri and salafi currents in Middle East (case study: Iraq and Syria)
Nahid Moradzadeh Ehsan Shakeri KhooyiThis study aims to investigate the role of political culture on the formation and development of Takfiri and Salafi currents in the Middle East as the case study of Iraq and Syria. Variables in this study include: the traditional political culture and formation and deve MoreThis study aims to investigate the role of political culture on the formation and development of Takfiri and Salafi currents in the Middle East as the case study of Iraq and Syria. Variables in this study include: the traditional political culture and formation and developments of Takfiri and Salafi currents. The explanation of the role of political culture on the formation of Takfiri and Salafi currents in Middle East, particularly in Iraq and Syria communities; the explanation of the components of the political culture in Middle East; the explanation of the social structure of Iraq and Syria; and an explanation of the emergence of ISIL social origin are among the purposes of the study. Theoretical framework based on research study of the concepts such as political culture, political culture in the Middle East and the ideas of Takfiri and Salafi. The timing of the research related to the period after the occupation of Iraq and toppling Saddam Hussein’s regime in 2003 up to now, and social and political developments in Syria, after the death of Hafez al-Assad in 2000 and the coming to power of Bashar al-Assad. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
631 - The role of family in originating of anomie behavior on first to third grade of high school students in Maragheh (88-89).
Siroos Fakhrayi Safar Ghasemzadeh The present study conducted to examine the role of family in originating of anomie behavior of first to third grade of high school student of Maragheh in 88-89 educational year. The statistical society of this study is all the students (girls and boys) of Maragh More The present study conducted to examine the role of family in originating of anomie behavior of first to third grade of high school student of Maragheh in 88-89 educational year. The statistical society of this study is all the students (girls and boys) of Maragheh (6354) among which 340 students was selected as a sample of this study. The data was collected using contrived test of the researcher and the data were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and T test. The dependent variable of this study is anomie behavior of students and the independent variables are: Family’s economy, educational level of parents, family problems, family punishment, and occupation of parents. The results show that there is a meaningful relationship between anomie behavior of students and family's economy, educational level of parents, family punishment, family problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
632 - A comparative study of guardianship in marriage in Imamiyyah jurisprudence and Iran's law
Mohammad Mahdi Masoudi hamid jalilian zahra masoudiAbstractThe subject of guardianship in marriage is one of the most widely used jurisprudential and legal issues, which despite its importance, its exact boundaries have not been defined in Iranian law, and perhaps part of it was due to serious jurisprudential difference MoreAbstractThe subject of guardianship in marriage is one of the most widely used jurisprudential and legal issues, which despite its importance, its exact boundaries have not been defined in Iranian law, and perhaps part of it was due to serious jurisprudential differences in this field. The origin of these differences is sometimes due to differences in interpretations of narrative texts and sometimes to the basic differences of jurists. This research examines the guardianship in marriage from the point of view of verses and traditions, introduction of the parents of marriage in non-safia and insane and their conditions, the cases of loss of guardianship in marriage and the different time stages of the permission of the guardian in marriage in Imamiyyah jurisprudence and Iranian law, and examining the existing legal gaps. ; He has proposed the issue of mandatory or conditional permission of the guardian in the civil law as a mechanism to overcome the legal disputes and problems ahead.Key words:Guardianship in marriage,Conditions of guardianship in marriage,Parents' permission,assignmentative Parents' permission Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
633 - the possibility of resignation of testamentary executor in contractual will
morteza rahimiAccording to article 834 of Civil Law in contractual will, the executor can reject the testament as far as the testator is alive. If he/she did not reject that, the testament cannot be rejected after the death of testator; even if he knows nothing about contractual will MoreAccording to article 834 of Civil Law in contractual will, the executor can reject the testament as far as the testator is alive. If he/she did not reject that, the testament cannot be rejected after the death of testator; even if he knows nothing about contractual will. This article does not differentiate between the son of testator and others. But some jurists differentiate the rejection by the son of testator and others. They refer to a hadith and justifying that by considering it as parental ingratitude and conclude that testament cannot be rejected by the son. However, this hadith is weak in terms of reference and concept. Therefore, most of the jurists believe that offspring can reject the will. On the other hand, rejection of the will is not allowed if it is interpreted as disrespect and harassment. Obedience of the father is desirable and the executor of the mother is the same as the father’s. If the executor is not the offspring of the testator, the executor has the right to reject the will when the testator is alive providing that he/she announces the decision to the testator. Forbidding the resignation of the executor in the event of a personal affliction or the inability or difficulty of the affairs of the will may cause a confusion. Furthermore, you cannot make people to do something without considering their satisfaction. Accordingly, article 834 of Civil Law is limited to the cases when executor is capable of doing the will . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
634 - بررسی انگیزه ها، نگرش ها و فعالیت های آموزشی خانگی والدین به سوی دوزبانگی
حامد برجسته رضا واثقی علی اصغر یوسفی آذرفاماین مطالعه به بررسی روابط بین انگیزه ها، نگرش ها و فعالیت های آموزشی خانگی والدین ایرانی به سوی دوزبانگی (فارسی وانگلیسی) می پردازد. به همین منظور،از ۶۸ والدین زبان آموز جوان، خواسته شد که به پرسشنامه ای پاسخ دهند. لازم بذکر میباشد که هدف پرسشنامه مذکوربررسی نگرش Moreاین مطالعه به بررسی روابط بین انگیزه ها، نگرش ها و فعالیت های آموزشی خانگی والدین ایرانی به سوی دوزبانگی (فارسی وانگلیسی) می پردازد. به همین منظور،از ۶۸ والدین زبان آموز جوان، خواسته شد که به پرسشنامه ای پاسخ دهند. لازم بذکر میباشد که هدف پرسشنامه مذکوربررسی نگرش ها، انگیزش، و فعالیت های آموزشی خانگی والدین به سوی دوزبانگی می باشد. نتایج ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون خطی دادهها نشان داد که والدین نگرش مثبت کلی، انگیزه یکپارچه٬ و روشهای رسمی درفعالیت های آموزشی خانگی به کار می گیرند.علاوه بر این٬ یا فته ها نشان دادند که همبستگی مثبت معناداری بین نگرش ها، انگیزش و فعالیت های آموزشی خانگی والدین وجود دارد. ولیکن٬ تحلیل رگرسیون خطی دادهها نسبت به متغیر های مربوطه نشان داد که فقط متغیر انگیزه بر پراکنش فعالیت های آموزشی خانگی تأثیر چشمگیری دارد. پیامدهای بدست آمده ازنتایج برای معلمان٬ سیاست گذاران، و توسعه دهندگان برنامه درسی بهمراه برخی پیشنهادات در این مطالعه فراهم شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
635 - بررسی اشتباهات گرامری در فراگیران زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه در سطوح مختلف
مریم موذنی لیمودهی امید مازندرانیاشتباهات یکی از پیچیده ترین قسمت های فرآیند یادگیری زبان خارجه هستند چرا که آن ها در هر مرحله از مهارت زبان آموزی بسیار گوناگون هستند. پژوهش فعلی بر آن بود تا اشتباهات پرتکرار نوشتاری فراگیران ایرانی زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه را در دو سطح متوسطه پایین و پیش Moreاشتباهات یکی از پیچیده ترین قسمت های فرآیند یادگیری زبان خارجه هستند چرا که آن ها در هر مرحله از مهارت زبان آموزی بسیار گوناگون هستند. پژوهش فعلی بر آن بود تا اشتباهات پرتکرار نوشتاری فراگیران ایرانی زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه را در دو سطح متوسطه پایین و پیشرفته آشکار سازد. به علاوه، تحقیق حاضر بررسی کرد که آیا ارتباطی بین سطوح زبان آموزان و نوع اشتباهات گرامری در نوشتارشان وجود دارد یا خیر. این پژوهش در یک موسسه ی زبان انگلیسی در شهر گرگان، ایران انجام شد. بدین منظور، ۶۰ زبان آموز دختر (۳۰ نفر در سطح متوسطه پایین و ۳۰ نفر در سطح پیشرفته) بین سن های ۱۳ تا ۱۷ سال در این مطالعه شرکت کردند و نمونه های نوشتاری ۱۵۰ لغته در مورد موضوعی مشخص تولید کردند. تحلیل توصیفی داده ها بر اساس چارچوب پژوهش، انواع اشتباهات گرامری هر سطح را نشان داد. سپس مربع کای در SPSS(Ver.25) بر روی ۱۶ اشتباه مشترک بین دو سطح انجام شد و نتایج آن ارتباط معنا داری بین نوع اشتباهات گرامری و سطح زبان آموزان نشان داد. یافته های این پژوهش می تواند مورد توجه فراگیران و معلمان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه، برنامه نویسان و نویسندگان مطالب درسی باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
636 - توجه فراگیران زبان انگلیسی به عوامل متنی و زبانی در فرایند بازیابی مرجع ضمیر
زهره یوسف وند احمد رضا لطفیتوانایی خوانندگان در ادغام کردن اطلاعات جدید و اطلاعات قبلی ارائه شده در متن به عنوان بخش مهمی از فرایند درک مطلب در نظر گرفته می شود. یک جنبه از این فرایند عبارت است از بازیابی مرجع ضمیر در متنی که خوانده می شود. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی فرایند بازیابی مرجع ضمیر همچنین ب Moreتوانایی خوانندگان در ادغام کردن اطلاعات جدید و اطلاعات قبلی ارائه شده در متن به عنوان بخش مهمی از فرایند درک مطلب در نظر گرفته می شود. یک جنبه از این فرایند عبارت است از بازیابی مرجع ضمیر در متنی که خوانده می شود. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی فرایند بازیابی مرجع ضمیر همچنین بررسی میزان دشواری انواع مختلف مراجع ضمیر می باشد. شرکت کنندگان این تحقیق 90 نفر از دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی می باشند که بطور تصادفی از بین دانشجویان در دسترس در مقطع کارشناسی از دانشگاهی در شهر اصفهان انتخاب شدند. ابزار استفاده شده در این تحقیق عبارت است از آزمون مرجع یابی متشکل از 30 متن مختلف علمی. در طول مطالعه از شرکت کنندگان خواسته شد که مراجع ضمیر را پیدا کنند و زیر آنها را خط بکشند. بعد از جمع آوری و طبقه بندی داده ها از نرم افزار آمار ی SPSS برای تحلیل و بررسی داده ها استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه. بر این نکته دلالت داشتند که مراجع ضمیر مختلف از لحاظ درجه دشواری بازیابی متفاوت هستند، F (4, 87) = 10.28, p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
637 - Historical Investigation on the Rule of Wage Earning for Performing Obligatory Prayers
Ali Jabar golbaghi Abbasali Soltani Mohammadtaghi FakhlaeiThis article deals with the impact of critical notion of Shahib Al- Orweh plus high position of the scholars of Shiite jurisprudence in the course of time. It also clarified the first appearance and the process of growth and explanation of this issue. The votes of Sahib MoreThis article deals with the impact of critical notion of Shahib Al- Orweh plus high position of the scholars of Shiite jurisprudence in the course of time. It also clarified the first appearance and the process of growth and explanation of this issue. The votes of Sahib Al- Orweh has left great impact in this domain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
638 - Ownership and Operation of Oil and Gas Resources in Place in Islamic Jurisprudence
Abdolrahim Moradi Masoud Reza RanjbarThe discussion about possession of oil and gas resources in Islamic jurisprudence may be inquired along with ownership of mines. It is deduced from total votes of the jurists about possession of mines that there are various comments in this regard whether such a possess MoreThe discussion about possession of oil and gas resources in Islamic jurisprudence may be inquired along with ownership of mines. It is deduced from total votes of the jurists about possession of mines that there are various comments in this regard whether such a possession is apparent and/ or latent and it will differ if it is assumed as public properties or joint ownerships so these are concerned with ‘Anfal’ and ‘public ownerships. Unlike the well-known impression, through inference from the current criteria for classification of mines in Islamic jurisprudence, oil and gas are deemed as latent mines in terms of change in their substance and application of the subject at present time. The jurisprudential system of exploitation from oil and gas mines will be different whether they are considered as public properties or the joint ownerships. With respect to the interpretation from concept of possession in public properties, such a difference will be further downplayed in this investigation. The mines will be included in administrative possession of Islamic ruler whether they are assumed as public properties or the joint ownerships. And the Islamic ruler may also delegate the mines as copyhold to the competent entities within the framework of the stipulated systems and regulations based on public expediency and interest. Of course, copyhold of mines is employed for permission for use and not for possession. The copyhold of oil and gas mines is maximally beneficent for appropriation in exploitation within definite period of time with possible request for returning them in the case of non- exploitation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
639 - Judicial and Legal Analysis of the Basis of "Gharar" in Insurance
hamid masjedsaraeiOne of the new contracts in Iranian legal system is insurance contract that has encountered different opponents and adherents in its course of coming into existence and each parts, invoking to some reasons, have tried to justify and establish its viewpoint. The most MoreOne of the new contracts in Iranian legal system is insurance contract that has encountered different opponents and adherents in its course of coming into existence and each parts, invoking to some reasons, have tried to justify and establish its viewpoint. The most important reason that the opponents of insurance contract have raised is that this contract is based on »Gharar«. They believe that the insurance contract is a sample of » Zamane- Ma- Lam- Yajeb and gambling. So they consider it as suspended and void contract. In this paper we have studied, through criticizing the opponents reasoning, the basis for legitimacy of this contract. It has to be noted that the mentioned »Gharar « in »Moghabeneh contracts« is a sort of accident and separation GHARAR and the prohibition of Gharar is related to »Moghabeneh contracts«.Thus to extend the Gharar to risk contract such as insurance is without any reason. IN this paper ,the opponents viewpoint has been rejected and resulted in that Gharar, in insurance contract, is a kind of »Inherent Gharar«that may not affect its validity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
640 - The Effect Quality of Knowledge and Ignorance in the True and Apparent Principles of the Shiite and Public Opinion
mohammadreza kazemi mohammadreza eskiSpecifying the limits of divine laws and principles, with respect to knowledge or ignorance, is one of the accessories of legislation and a fundamental issue about the validity and the ideas of legislators. The present issue, called the commonality of knower and ignoran MoreSpecifying the limits of divine laws and principles, with respect to knowledge or ignorance, is one of the accessories of legislation and a fundamental issue about the validity and the ideas of legislators. The present issue, called the commonality of knower and ignorant in Islamic law, along with the issues of validity, has been presented concisely in Islamic texts, but regarding its content and concepts it was present extensively in Islamic texts and shrewdly discussed by Islamic lawyers and jurists, and by dividing the issue of commonalities of principles into true and apparent principles and studying the issue of ignorance about these principles, they started to exchange their views. In this article , investigating these opinions through the study of the effects of knowledge and ignorance in true and apparent principles and presenting logical and quoted reasons, we have shown that in real principles(which are gained through absolute reasons like frequent quotations and Quranic texts, or suspected reasons like quotations and appearance of Quran)God has made rules regarding good and evil deeds and they are not changeable and in fact they have been created observing the good and evil and the assigned knowledge and ignorance have no function in its creation. and all followers are obliged to obey them forever, like saying the prayers and avoiding alcoholic drinks. As for apparent principles, the current duty of followers is to follow the current principle until the true principle is discovered. It is concluded that true principle are absolute, that is they must not be violated under any condition, but apparent principles are confined to knowledge or ignorance. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
641 - The investigation of juridical and legal of burned babies from Surrogacy Womb
sedigheh mahdavi behnaz ahmadvand ensiyeh nourahmadiNowadays, with progress in Genetics and Embryology, utilize Alternate womb(imitation mother or rental womb) has been ordinary business specially on poor countries. Therefore lawyers studied and considered it from different aspects to response juridical and legal questi MoreNowadays, with progress in Genetics and Embryology, utilize Alternate womb(imitation mother or rental womb) has been ordinary business specially on poor countries. Therefore lawyers studied and considered it from different aspects to response juridical and legal questions that debate about it. In this article, we consider parentage of born baby with this method and discuss about its legal and lawful aspects such as intimate, preserver and guardian, heredity, compulsory mandatory and talk about respected position of baby in family. It seems lawyers have been able to answer questions using Islam doctrine and tenet, totality, custom indicator and scales, family expedient and baby expedient. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
642 - Condition Sale and Rent
Saeed Ebrahimi ali akbar izadifard hossein kaviarLeases are primarily concluded in the form of "mortgage or rent," in today common norm. Due to some legal objections govern on this type of contracts, jurists have raised suggestions including justification for the above contract in the form of conditions provided loans MoreLeases are primarily concluded in the form of "mortgage or rent," in today common norm. Due to some legal objections govern on this type of contracts, jurists have raised suggestions including justification for the above contract in the form of conditions provided loans or conditions of loan and deposit on the rental contract. Among the solutions proposed in this regard, there is a method has been provided by some scholars such as Ayatollah Sistani and it will be remembered as a condition of sale and lease contracts. Meanwhile, the question that arises is about the legitimacy of this contract. What are the different forms of this type of contract? Can we attribute them to the accuracy of the transaction in all given forms? The authors also explain the various assumptions discussed in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
643 - Power of attorney
mohammad azadi mohammad jafarifesharakiAbstract Well-known scholars in jurisprudence are of the opinion that the procuration is a contract, but verbal acceptance is not a condition and acceptance by conduct is sufficient, like when someone says to another, "you are allowed to sell my house on behalf of MoreAbstract Well-known scholars in jurisprudence are of the opinion that the procuration is a contract, but verbal acceptance is not a condition and acceptance by conduct is sufficient, like when someone says to another, "you are allowed to sell my house on behalf of me" and he accepts and sells. This research considers the validity of the sale in such a power of attorney by analyzing and explaining the famous expressions. It is not in terms of fulfilling procuration to request and acceptance, but in terms of the legitimacy of permission. Additionally, being interrogative, not having power of attorney, relying on concept reference in the state of discretion, and being unable to speak shows that the power of attorney is not limited to the contract . Rather, the correctness of acts of representation depends on permission. And the simile of the attorney only makes sense from this point of view. Therefore, there are two types of power of attorney, one in which acceptance is absolutely necessary. And a power of attorney in which vocable acceptance is not a condition .And the verbal acceptance is absolutely not the result. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
644 - Legal and Penal Analysis of Article 268 of Islamic Punishment law.
Javad HabibiAccording to Islamic punishment law, Quran and prophetic religion, murder resulted to punishment of retaliation.The mentioned punishment regards as penalties which have private aspect. Right owners in Islamic religion, contrary to previous religion, can select one of th MoreAccording to Islamic punishment law, Quran and prophetic religion, murder resulted to punishment of retaliation.The mentioned punishment regards as penalties which have private aspect. Right owners in Islamic religion, contrary to previous religion, can select one of these cases (retaliation or forgiveness). On this basis Islamic legislators in Hodood and Retaliation Act (1361) in article 54 have expressly recognized this right for the sacrifical parents. It’s the law that after victim’s death this right transfers to the sacrificial parents. Nevertheless, legislator, contrary to the mentioned article, grants the forgiveness right to victim with ratification of article 268 of Islamic punishment law. But this article is not correct and legal according to the analysis in this essay. However, in spite of the present objections, the drafters proposed Islamic punishment code in article 18 and 315. This code extends the concept of forgiveness and refers to blood-money. It also indicates that the sacrificial parents can’t request the blood-money but in article 268, they can request it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
645 - Support strategies of jurisprudence and law in criminal bankruptcy of legal entities
Mahoud Salehi Mohammad Rouhani Moghadam Sayyd Ebrahi GHodsiThe topic of bankruptcy in Islamic jurisprudence is reflected in jurisprudence sources, which are in line with the most advanced human solutions and the latest developments in bankruptcy law, and the rules and solutions that human societies have achieved in a long proce MoreThe topic of bankruptcy in Islamic jurisprudence is reflected in jurisprudence sources, which are in line with the most advanced human solutions and the latest developments in bankruptcy law, and the rules and solutions that human societies have achieved in a long process by trial and error. It has been presented and practiced in Islamic law for a long time. Bankruptcy has been examined in jurisprudential texts in the case of Interdiction. Provisions have been established in the relevant laws, which are sometimes in accordance with jurisprudential orders and in some cases derived from French law. However, in the criminal regulations of the country, despite the provision of criminal liability of legal entities by the legislator, the failure of the courts to issue criminal bankruptcy judgments in relation to legal entities has created many problems, which has become a new way to avoid large debtors. The purpose of this article is to examine the legal and jurisprudential support strategies in the criminal bankruptcy of legal entities. The findings of this research show that profit-seeking people cling to legal loopholes and manifest bankruptcy in order to benefit from existing exemptions for illegitimate purposes, including running away from debt they achieve. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
646 - Study on the effect of aromatase inhibitors and antiestrogens on the sex differentiation of broiler chicks
E.A Valizadeh حسین JodeiriDuring the development of chick embryo, the genotype of the zygote determines the nature of the gonads, which thereafter creates the male or female phenotype. Differentiation of gonads during the period called “critical period for sexual differentiation “is MoreDuring the development of chick embryo, the genotype of the zygote determines the nature of the gonads, which thereafter creates the male or female phenotype. Differentiation of gonads during the period called “critical period for sexual differentiation “is accompanied with beginning of secretion of sexual hormones. Every change in the rate of steroidal hormones concentration during this critical period, affects on the structure of gonads. Therefore, injection of aromatase inhibitors (which blocks the synthesis of estrogen from testostron) in 5th day of incubation into the eggs, causes the production of males with female genotype. These sex reversal females have bilateral testes with complete spermatogenesis, having normal physical appearance and behavior. In this study, 14-α-hydroxy 3,6,17, androstan-trion inhibitor (1mg/egg) was injected into the eggs. Furthermore, the effect of three anti-estrogens (which blocks the estrogen receptor) Tamoxifen, and Clomiphen Citrate and GAR79 were studied. Injection of aromatase inhibitors into the eggs during incubation period caused statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in production of males (%72 to %84) in comparison with control (%52/5 male). The results of this study showed that aromatase inhibitors affects on the sex differentiation of broiler chicks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
647 - The Role of Attribution Styles and Parenting Styles in Predicting Conduct Disorders Mediated by Executive Function in Junior High School Students
neda hoseinlou mehran soleimani reza ghorbanjahromiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of parenting styles and attribution styles in predicting conduct disorders mediated by executive function in junior high school students. The statistical population included all high school students in Khoy in the ac MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of parenting styles and attribution styles in predicting conduct disorders mediated by executive function in junior high school students. The statistical population included all high school students in Khoy in the academic year 2019-2020, from which after estimating the sample size using krejcie -Morgan table and multi-stage cluster random sampling method, 400 people were selected. The sampling method was Multi-stage random. In order to collect information, Aachenbach's Child Behavior Inventory (parents' version (2007)), Baumrind (1971) Parenting Styles Questionnaire and Patterson et al.'s (1982) Attribution Styles Questionnaire were used. Structural equation model in Smart-PLS3 and SPSS-25 software was used to analyze the data. The results of data analysis showed that the three values of 0.01, 0.25 and 0.36 as weak, medium and strong values for GOF, showed a good fit of the proposed model. The results also showed positive attribution style with impact factor (-0.202), Permissive Parenting style with impact factor (0.338), Authoritative Parenting style with impact factor (-0.432) and Defects in executive function with impact factor (0.363) had a direct effect on conduct disorder. Considering the effect of Parenting Styles, Attribution Styles and Defects in executive function on Conduct disorder, it is suggested that more research be done to identify more about the mentioned factors and workshops be held for parents on the importance of this issue Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
648 - Comparing the Effectiveness of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (Pcit), Child-Centered Mindfulness Instruction (Burdick) and Incredible Years Parents Program Instruction (Iy) on Decreased Externalizing Symptoms of First Period Elementary Students in Tabriz
anahita obalasi ali khademi majid mahmood alilou mahin etemadi niaThe purpose of this research was to determine the difference among effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT), child-centered mindfulness instruction (Burdick) and incredible years' program (IY) on decreased externalizing symptoms of first period elementar MoreThe purpose of this research was to determine the difference among effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT), child-centered mindfulness instruction (Burdick) and incredible years' program (IY) on decreased externalizing symptoms of first period elementary students in Tabriz. Necessary data was collected in the framework of semi-experimental design of pre-test, post-test kind and follow-up with three experimental groups and one control and administration of Achenbach' child behavior questionnaire (CBCL) – parents' version. The statistical population was all the first period elementary students of Tabriz and their mothers during 2020-2021. The sample included 40 students with their mothers that 30 people were selected as experimental groups and 10 people as control group through volunteer method and based on inclusion criteria. After holding treatment periods (parent-child interaction therapy, child-centered mindfulness and incredible years (IY) during three months and data analysis by mixed variance analysis, the results showed that treatment methods of parent-child interaction, child-centered mindfulness and incredible years' program (IY) were effective on decreased scores of externalizing behaviors of the students since pre-test session till follow-up session. the results of Bonferoni's test showed that the method parent-child interaction is more effective than the treatment method of child-centered mindfulness on decreased externalizing symptoms of the students. Also, the program of incredible years was more effective than child-centered mindfulness treatment on decreased externalizing symptoms of the students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
649 - Comparing the effectiveness of positive parenting training for parents and behavioral management training for mothers on the level of aggression, anxiety and depression of mothers with 4-7 years old children.
Maryam Movahednejad Seyyed Davod Hosseininasab Marzieh Alidvandi VefaThe purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of positive parenting group training for parents and behavioral management group training for mothers on the level of anxiety, aggression and depression of mothers with 4-7-year-old children. The research was MoreThe purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of positive parenting group training for parents and behavioral management group training for mothers on the level of anxiety, aggression and depression of mothers with 4-7-year-old children. The research was also conducted in a semi-experimental way with a research design of 3 groups (one control group and two experimental groups) with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population included mothers of children aged 4 to 7 years in Tabriz who had referred to Shahriar Hospital and two private clinics to solve their children's problems, among which mothers from three medical centers and 20 parents from each center were selected purposefully. Before the implementation of the educational programs, three groups were tested by Bass and Perry aggression questionnaire (1992), Beck anxiety (1967) and Beck depression (1964). It was carried out in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group did not receive any training. Finally, the post-test was done by answering the aggression, anxiety and depression questionnaire again. The data of this research was done using SPSS software and at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics with ANCOVA and independent t analysis. Research findings indicate that positive parenting group training for parents and behavioral management group training for mothers have an effect on the level of aggression, anxiety and depression of mothers with 4-7 years old children, and both trainings are more effective than the control group, but group training for children Positive parenting is more powerful than behavioral management group training for mothers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
650 - The Relationship between Child-Rearing Practices and Academic achievement of Guidance School Students of Ilkhechi
Mansoor Bayrami Jafar Bahadori KhosroshahiFamily is the first basis and origin of personality and thinking values, which plays an important role in determining the future life style of the person. In this case, the maintenance of positive relationship between parents and their children causes their academic ach MoreFamily is the first basis and origin of personality and thinking values, which plays an important role in determining the future life style of the person. In this case, the maintenance of positive relationship between parents and their children causes their academic achievement motive.The present study was conducted with a survey correlation research method. The statistical population included all the third graders in Ilkhechi guidance schools. Using morgan table 200 students (100 male & 100 female) were selected as sample size. The method of sampling was random sampling. To collect the data, Baumrind parenting style questionnaire was used. Furthermore, the students, final examination scores were applied as an indicator of academic achievement. The results were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and a multiple regression model. `Findings revealed a significant positive relationship between academic achievement and authoritative child-rearing style. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that academic achievement has a significant negative correlation with permissive and authoritarian styles. Finally, the stepwise regression analysis suggested that the authoritative child-rearing practice is the strong predictor of academic achievement. Therefore, due to the importance of the parenting styles in the academic achievement of the students, instructing the parents about the parenting practices of the adolescents can result in the academic success of their children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
651 - The educational needs analysis of family educational programs of the pupils' parents in District 1 of Tabriz
Fatemeh Najaflouy Mohammad Reza Falsafinejad Magsud RasouliThe present research was conducted in order to study the educational needs of the parents taking part in family education programs of Tabriz District 1 Educational Office. The present study is a descriptive-survey based research, and an applied research in terms of its MoreThe present research was conducted in order to study the educational needs of the parents taking part in family education programs of Tabriz District 1 Educational Office. The present study is a descriptive-survey based research, and an applied research in terms of its results. The population of the study included the parents of all students, in the academic Year 91-92. Cluster random sampling was used for selecting 382 parents. To collect the data three Lickert scale researcher-made questionnaires of were prepared. The primary school learners' parental questionnaire included 59 fixed answer questions and 1 open-ended question; the questionnaire for junior high school learners included 55 fixed answer questions and one open-ended question and the questionnaire for senior high school students included 62 fixed answer questions and one open-ended question. The face validity and content validity of the questionnaires were verified by the supervisor and four professors from Tabriz University, and their reliability in Cronbach Alpha was calculated to be 0.980, 0.871 and 0.976. To achieve research goals, 5 research questions were posed. To analyze the data the descriptive statistics including frequency, median and mean and the inferential statistics of independent t-test, one-way-ANOVA of SPSS software were conducted. The results from the study indicate that the most important educational needs of the parents in family education programs from the parents' point, of view are religious-moral needs. Cultural-social, educational - psychological, emergent issues and hygienic - physical dimensions were respectively the parents' other educational needs. The results also indicate that there is no significant difference between the educational needs of the parents and variables like sex, age, educational level, and the parents' job. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
652 - The Effectiveness of Cognitive – Metacognitive Strategies Training the Difference of Academic Resiliencys and Referential Thinking in Female Students
Mahdi Yousefvand Fazlollah Mirdereikvandi MohammadAli Sepahvandi AliAsghar FarokhzadianThe aim of this study was to determine the Effectiveness of Cognitive – metacognitive strategies training the difference of academic resiliency and referential thinking in high school female students in the second Khorramabad. This quasi-experimental study in whic MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the Effectiveness of Cognitive – metacognitive strategies training the difference of academic resiliency and referential thinking in high school female students in the second Khorramabad. This quasi-experimental study in which the pretest - posttest control group was used. The sample consisted of 40 subjects among female high school students of Khorramabad were selected and randomly assigned to experimental groups (Cognitive – metacognitive strategies training) and control group were assigned. Intervention in the experimental group for 8 sessions of 2 hours of teaching cognitive strategies - were metacognitive. During this period, the control group received no intervention. To collect the data from the questionnaire referred thinking Aryng (2010) and resiliency academic Samuel (2003) in the pre-test and post-test for both test and control groups were used. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Data analysis software program (SPSS.21) was performed. Covariance analysis showed significant differences between the two groups. Results showed that Cognitive – metacognitive strategies training in increasing the level of referential thinking and academic Resiliency is effective Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
653 - The Role of Perceived Parent Goal Orientations, Home-University Dissonance, and Neighborhood Space Dissonance on the Students’ Academic Cheating
Abolfazl faridThe purpose of this research was to investigate the role of perceived parent goal orientations, home-university dissonance, and neighborhood space on the students’ academic cheating at Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. To this end, from among the students of th MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the role of perceived parent goal orientations, home-university dissonance, and neighborhood space on the students’ academic cheating at Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. To this end, from among the students of the aforementioned University who were about 6000 students, a sample including 404 students was selected through stratified random sampling. The instruments to collect the data were the Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scales (PALS) designed by Midgley et al. (2000). The reliability of all scales was over 0.75. The data were analyzed through running a stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS. Perceived parent goal orientations, neighborhood space and home- university dissonance as independent variables, and studentsʼ academic cheating as a dependent variable were analyzed. The independent variables could explain 0.12 of the total academic cheating variance. Home university dissonance and perceived mastery goal orientations could meaningfully predict the students’ academic cheating. Home-university dissonance with the coefficient of 0.293, and perceived parents goal orientations the coefficient 0.124 with 0.124, had the greatest role on the students’ academic cheating respectively. It was concluded that the higher home - university dissonance and perceived parent mastery goal orientation is the higher studentsʼ academic cheating behavior would be Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
654 - The relationship between family function and parent –adolescents conflict with academic achievement among secondary school students
Mohammad Ghamari Mojtaba Amiri Majd Ami Hossein KhoshnamThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between family functioning and parent – adolescent conflict with academic achievement among secondary school students. The study had a correlational research design. Using cluster sampling, the researches rando MoreThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between family functioning and parent – adolescent conflict with academic achievement among secondary school students. The study had a correlational research design. Using cluster sampling, the researches randomly selected 309 secondary school students in Abhar. The data were collected through Family Assessment Device (F A D), a scale of measuring attitudes toward parents, and students GPAs. The collected data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis, and the research hypotheses were tested. The results indicated that there was a reverse relationship between dysfunction in families and academic achievement. The regression analysis showed that about 13 percent of the change in students` academic achievement can be explained by dysfunction in families and parent – adolescent conflict. The study could have implications for education professionals and families. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
655 - Effectiveness of Program Based on Successfulness on Social Competence and Academic Achievement of Adolescent Girls in City of Mashhad
Farzane Amani Morteza Monadi Mahnaz Akhavan TaftiThis study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of program based on successfulness on academic achievement and social competence of adolescent girls in city of Mashhad. The interventional program was including two package: “Promoting of successful strategies&r MoreThis study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of program based on successfulness on academic achievement and social competence of adolescent girls in city of Mashhad. The interventional program was including two package: “Promoting of successful strategies” and “Strengthening parents program”. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population of the research included all of girl high school students in grade 10 of Mashhad in school year 2017-18. From among them 45 students randomly were selected by multi stage cluster random sampling method and randomly assigned in two experimental and one control groups. All participants answered the flener social competence questionnaire in pre and post test and also academic achievement was measured using students grade average in before and after intervention. Finally, the data were analysed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results from this study demonstrated that the training of program could be effective in improving academic achievement and social competence of the students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
656 - Relationship between perceived parenting practices and maternal-paternal trait anxiety with young adults' anxiety
Khalil Esmaeilpour Leili JamilThe purpose of present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived parenting practices and maternal-paternal trait anxiety with young adults' anxiety. To do so, 100 (50 female and 50 male) local students of Tabriz Public, and Azad Universities were selec MoreThe purpose of present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived parenting practices and maternal-paternal trait anxiety with young adults' anxiety. To do so, 100 (50 female and 50 male) local students of Tabriz Public, and Azad Universities were selected through volunteer sampling. Since parents were needed to fill questionnaires, the sample was selected among local students. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Spiel Berger, Gorsuch and Lushene, 1970) was used to measure parents and children's trait anxiety, and Children's Report of Parenting Behavior Inventory (CRPBI; Schaefer, 1965) was used for assessing children's perceptions of parenting practices. Data were analyzed through correlation and multiple regression methods. The results showed that there was positive, significant relationship between parents and children's anxiety. Also there was significant relationship between children's perceptions of parenting practices and offspring's anxiety, so that children's perception of accepting and over-controlling parenting, respectively, had negative and positive relationships with children's anxiety. Based on the results, it was concluded that parents with high anxiety and children's perception of parenting practices have incredible role in children's trait anxiety. Therefore, by training appropriate parenting practices to parents and reducing parents' anxiety the offspring's anxiety and its harmful traces could be reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
657 - The relationship between the manager's achievement motivation with the teacher's participation in decision making, Urmia high schools in the academic year 2009-10
Assadullah Khadivi Zarin Danishvar Noushin MirzaeiThe objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between the manager's achievement motivation with the teacher's participation in decision making, Urmia high schools in the academic year 2009-10. The research method is survey- correlation. The statistical MoreThe objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between the manager's achievement motivation with the teacher's participation in decision making, Urmia high schools in the academic year 2009-10. The research method is survey- correlation. The statistical population was 93 managers. Using Morgan table, 75 managers as sample size through random multi_ stage method was selected. To test the hypotheses, the inferential statistics of Pearson correlation, independent T_ test, one way ANOVA were used Gathering data was done through two questioners namely: Herman's achievement motivation questionnaire with 30 questions and a researcher made one concerning the teachers' participation in affairs related to school with 38 questions were used. Using kolmograph S, normal distribution was used to check on variables. The results showed: there was a significant correlation between manager's achievement motivation with the teacher's participation and managers' age but there was not any significant correlation between manager's achievement motivation with managers' work experience and managing experience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
658 - Predicted Students attachment styles based on Parents parenting styles
Tahereh Moazen Asgar Aghaei Mohsen GolparvarThe purpose of this study was to predict students’ attachment styles Based on Parents Parenting styles in isfahan city. The research method was descriptive correlation type. The statistical population included all high school female students in Isfahan city and th MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict students’ attachment styles Based on Parents Parenting styles in isfahan city. The research method was descriptive correlation type. The statistical population included all high school female students in Isfahan city and the sample included 302 persons who were chosen by random multiple cluster sampling method. The tools of experimental were included parenting styles questionnaire of Baumrind and adult attachment questionnaire of Hazan and Shaver. The acquired data of questionnaires were analyzed by using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis and step by step analysis. The results showed that among subscales attachment styles, there was positive and meaningful relationship among attachment style secure with parenting style authoritative and attachment style ambivalent with parenting style permissive but there was negative and meaningful relationship among attachment style avoidant with parenting style authoritative. The results of regression analysis showed that parenting styles were convenient predictors for attachment styles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
659 - A Study of relationship between parental rearing methods and attachment styles with depression symptoms in adolescents
Zeynab khanjani Toraj hashemi Fariba elhamfarThe aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between attachment skills and parental rearing methods with depression symptoms. The statistical population were all the female high-school students in Tabriz, using cochrans’ formula, 375 students were MoreThe aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between attachment skills and parental rearing methods with depression symptoms. The statistical population were all the female high-school students in Tabriz, using cochrans’ formula, 375 students were selected as the sample size. The method of collecting data was multistage random sampling. To gather the data the Bamrindparental rearing methods, the adultattachment skills questionnaires and the kutcher adolescent depression scale were used. To analyse the data pearson’s correlation and concurrent regression were used. The results showed that the adolescents with avoidance unsecure attachment skill showed higher level of depression symptoms. There was not any relationship between secure attachment style and ambivalent unsecure attachment with depression symptoms. The results also showed that there was a negative significant difference between the depression and rational authoritative parental rearing method, and there was a positive significant difference between depression and despotic parental rearing method. Whereas no relationship was observed between depression and permissive parental rearing method. According to the findings it can be concluded that attachment styles and parental rearing methods can have an important role in appearing adolescent depression symptoms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
660 - Comparison of teaching methods based on active thinking (the Partnership method) and traditional teaching methods on the boy student’s learning level of social studies.
Rahim Badri Gargari Akbar Rezaei Javad Jeddi This study aims to compare teaching methods based on active thinking (the Partnership method) and traditional teaching methods on the boy student’s learning level of social studies in five areas of Tabriz. This research uses a semi-empirical method wi More This study aims to compare teaching methods based on active thinking (the Partnership method) and traditional teaching methods on the boy student’s learning level of social studies in five areas of Tabriz. This research uses a semi-empirical method with pretests and posttests and which is functional regarding the objective. The statistical population of this research is all the male middle-school students of the five areas of Tabriz with a number of 10655 students in the course between 2012 and 2013. The sampling was conducted using a multi-stage random cluster method. Therefore the statistical sample size of the research is the students of two social science classes of first grade middle-school and from each class, after balancing the subjects, first group with 30 students getting a traditional teaching method and the second group getting a participated (active) teaching method with a number of 32 students were considered. A total number of 62 students were treated with the methods and the allocation of these methods to each class was random. To assess the learning level of these groups an educational achievement test was taken. The suggestions of teachers and experts were used to determine the content validity of the questionnaire. Reliability criterion ratios of the pretest and posttest were equal to 82% and 87% and the questions of the tests were presented in a mnemonic and significant learning level. To analyze the statistical data in case of each one of the research assumptions the ANCOVA test (covariance analysis) was used for the difference determination and comparison and calculation of the pretest and posttest grades in control and test groups. The results of the obtained data from the pretest and posttests of the test and control groups were compared and analyzed. The results from the covariance analysis indicated that there is a significant difference between the general, deep and slight learning grades in two test and control groups. In other words, the participated teaching method influenced the general and deep learning level promotion of the students and that the participated method is more effective than the traditional teaching methods. From the results of this research it can be concluded that the propagation of the participated teaching method will highly influence the deep learning of the students during education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
661 - The statistical population was 1892 people (118 gifted and 1774 normal) Using Cochran’s adjusted formula the sample size was 51 gifted and 268 normal people
Akbar Rezaei Shabnam KhodakhahThe present study has been undertaken with the purpose of studying the relationship between parenting styles and epistemological beliefs with students' academic achievement. The statistical population of this research was 21251 female high school students of Tabriz city MoreThe present study has been undertaken with the purpose of studying the relationship between parenting styles and epistemological beliefs with students' academic achievement. The statistical population of this research was 21251 female high school students of Tabriz city in the educational years 2008- 2009. Using Cochran’s adjusted formula 380 students were selected as the statistical samples through the multi-stage cluster sampling method. Questionnaires of epistemological beliefs (schommer, 1990), Baumrind parenting styles (1967) were used to collect the data. Students cumulative point average was used as dependent measure. Multiple regression analysis and Pearson correlation was carried out to analyze the data. The results showed that students' academic achievement has a negative and significant correlation with simple/ absolute and fast/ fixed knowledge with learning epistemological beliefs. Authoritative styles has a positive and significant correlation with simple/ absolute knowledge, but negative and meaningful correlation with and fast/ fixed learning epistemological beliefs. Dictatorship or authoritarian styles has a positive and significant correlation with Simple/ absolute knowledge and fast/ fixed learning. Permissiveness styles has a positive and significant correlation with fast/ fixed learning. Parenting styles was not correlated with academic achievement. simple/absolute knowledge and fast/fixed learning epistemological beliefs were the meaningful predictors factors of students' academic achievement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
662 - Relationship Between Parental Support and Academic Avoidance: The Mediating Role of Achievement Goals
Samira Saleh Ardestani farhad khormaeiThe aim of the study was to examine the mediating role of achievement goals (mastery approach goal, mastery avoidance goal, performance approach goal and performance avoidance goal) in relationship between parental support and academic avoidance. Method of this research MoreThe aim of the study was to examine the mediating role of achievement goals (mastery approach goal, mastery avoidance goal, performance approach goal and performance avoidance goal) in relationship between parental support and academic avoidance. Method of this research was descriptive and correlation type. Statistical population consist of all tenth grade Tehran high school and art school students. Participants consisted of 661 that were selected among tenth grade Tehran high school and art school students using multi-stage cluster random sampling. Instrument using in this research were parent support scale (Fall and Roberts), achievement goals scale (Elliot and McGregor) and academic avoidance scale (khormaei). Data analyzed with using structural equation modeling method and AMOS software. The results showed that parental support effect on achievement goals was significantly positive. Also, parental support effect on academic avoidance (academic aversion & truancy) was significantly negative. Moreover, parental support with mediating mastery approach goal, mastery avoidance goal and performance approach goal could predict student academic avoidance indirectly. The total result of the study showed that increasing parental support in students can decrease their academic avoidance, both directly and indirectly via achievement goals (mastery approach goal, mastery avoidance goal, performance approach goal) in them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
663 - The Effect of Investment Opportunities, Growth and Capital Productivity on Firm Performance of Listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
Heidar Mohammadzadeh SaltehInvestors seek to maximize their wealth. Growth opportunities are the driving force that give motivation and are considered bonus for investors. What in the current situation will lead to success is the optimum use of the available investment opportunities in order to i MoreInvestors seek to maximize their wealth. Growth opportunities are the driving force that give motivation and are considered bonus for investors. What in the current situation will lead to success is the optimum use of the available investment opportunities in order to identify the factors affecting the firm's performance. Timely and rational use of investment opportunities by business units has a significant effect on performance improvement. Firm growth, from the perspective of capital market and management is an important variable and can be effective on firm performance. Therefore, in this research, the effect of investment opportunities and growth on firm performance of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange has been studied. The statistical population includes the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, out of each a statistical sample of 134 corporates was selected by systematic elimination sampling method. The period under review was a 5-year period (2007-2011) and the hypotheses in this research were tested by using combined data (panel). The results show that investment opportunities do not affect firm performance, and firm growth has a positive and significant effect on return on asset but does not affect market value added. Also, capital productivity has a positive and significant effect on firm performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
664 - مقایسه نگرش افراد مطلقه و متأهل پیرامون نقش ماهواره در انسجام خانواده
محمدرضا مزیدی محمودرضا مرتضوی علیرضا افشانیبا توجه به نقش رسانهها در عرصههای مختلف اجتماعی، پژوهش حاضر به بررسی و مقایسه نگرش افراد متأهل و مطلقه به نقش برنامههای ماهوارهای فارسی زبان در انسجام خانواده در شهر یزد پرداخته است. در تحقیق حاضر از روش پیمایش استفاده شده است. این پژوهش به لحاظ معیار زمان، مقطعی، ب Moreبا توجه به نقش رسانهها در عرصههای مختلف اجتماعی، پژوهش حاضر به بررسی و مقایسه نگرش افراد متأهل و مطلقه به نقش برنامههای ماهوارهای فارسی زبان در انسجام خانواده در شهر یزد پرداخته است. در تحقیق حاضر از روش پیمایش استفاده شده است. این پژوهش به لحاظ معیار زمان، مقطعی، به لحاظ ماهیت، کاربردی و به لحاظ معیار وسعت، پهنانگر است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق، افراد مطلقه و متأهل شهر یزد میباشد که حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران برای افراد مطلقه 211 نفر و برای افراد متأهل، 323 نفر تعیین گردید. افراد مطلقه به شیوه نمونهگیری تصادفی از لیست موجود در مرکز بهزیستی و افراد متاهل نیز بصورت خوشهای از مناطق مختلف سطح شهر یزد انتخاب شدهاند. ابزار مورد استفاده در این پژوهش، پرسشنامه بوده است که اعتبار آن به صورت محتوایی و سازهای و پایایی آن با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ به دست آمده است. در مجموع نزدیک به دو سوم پاسخگویان، بیشترین شبکه مورد تماشای خود را کانالهای فارسیزبان با موضوعات خانوادگی اعلام نمودهاند. همچنین میانگین میزان تأثیر منفی، شبکههای ماهوارهای بر انسجام خانواده از نظر نمونه آماری این تحقیق بیشتر از متوسط است ضمن اینکه افراد مطلقه و افرادی که ماهواره استفاده نمیکردند نگرش منفیتری نسبت به تأثیر ماهواره بر انسجام خانواده داشتند. هرچه پاسخگو بیشتر از شبکههای ماهوارهای فارسی زبان استفاده میکرد میزان تأثیر منفی ماهواره بر روابط زناشویی، روابط والدین و فرزندان، مناسبات خانوادگی و انسجام خانواده را کمتر ارزیابی میکرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
665 - نقش خانواده در گرایش جوانان به اعتیاد در شهرستان ورامین
احمد رضایی بهروز اسلامی ملیحه مهدی پوراعتیاد یکی از مشکلات پیش روی جامعه ما و مخصوصاً قشر جوان میباشد. جامعه ما جامعه جوانی است پس باید برای از بین بردن این معضل تلاش فراوانی انجام داد. با توجه به این امر که عوامل زیادی در اعتیاد افراد نقش دارند، ما در این تحقیق خواهان این امر هستیم که به نقش خانواده در ا Moreاعتیاد یکی از مشکلات پیش روی جامعه ما و مخصوصاً قشر جوان میباشد. جامعه ما جامعه جوانی است پس باید برای از بین بردن این معضل تلاش فراوانی انجام داد. با توجه به این امر که عوامل زیادی در اعتیاد افراد نقش دارند، ما در این تحقیق خواهان این امر هستیم که به نقش خانواده در اعتیاد جوانان در شهرستان ورامین دست پیدا کنیم. روش مطالعه از نوع توصیفی-تبیینی و به لحاظ ماهیت کاربردی میباشد و از نظر روش اجرا پیمایش ((survey محسوب میشود. جامعه آماری این تحقیق 250 نفر از جوانان شهرستان ورامین می باشد که به صورت تصادفی انتخاب گردیدهاند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از نرم افزارSPSS استفاده گردید. نتایج حاکی از آن است که بین گرایش به مصرف مواد اعتیادآور در بین اعضای خانواده، اختلاف والدین، میزان کنترل والدین، نحوهگذران اوقات فراغت، دسترسی به مواد و رابطه با دوستان معتاد و گرایش افراد به اعتیاد رابطه معنیداری وجود دارد. یافته های تحقیق حاکی از این امر است که خانواده مهمترین نقش را در اعتیاد افراد یدک میکشد. خانواده را می توان مهمترین نهاد اجتماعی در اکثر جوامع انسانی دانست که تأثیر بسزایی در تکوین و تحول شخصیت فرد دارد. اساس سازگاری فرد در جامعه، در خانواده ریخته میشود. خانواده اولین مکانی است که فرد خود را در آن می بیند و می توان گفت که قسمت عمده شخصیت فرد تحت تأثیر خانواده شکل میگیرد. به همین سبب هنگامی که خانواده نتواند این مهم را به عهده گیرد و آن را به نحو احسن انجام دهد این وظیفه مهم خواه نا خواه به عهده دیگر افراد یا گروهها مثل گروه همسالان واگذار میشود. باتوجه به اینکه خانواده کوچکترین و مهمترین نهاد اجتماعی میباشد، وضعیت نابسامان خانوادگی و مشکلات والدین و اعتیاد آنها و... مهمترین عامل در ایجاد و گسترش اعتیاد به مواد مخدر میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
666 - The Role of Youth on Social Interaction among Ethnic Groups in Iran (Case Study: Pre-university Students in West Azarbaijan Province)
صیاد گلشن سیف اله سیف الهی علیرضا محسنی تبریزی -
Open Access Article
667 - Investigating the impact of youth differentiation with the mediating role of hegemony on satisfaction with national identity among Iranian ethnic groups
Abbas Yousefi Sheikh Rabat Ali Hossein Hoseinzadeh Hossein Karimi Fard Fereydoun Akbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
668 - A Survey on the Effective Socio-Cultural Factors on Internet Tendency among Shosh Payam Noor University Students
Eshagh Arjomand Siapoush Mehdi Adibi Sedeh Maryam Zali Kahkesh -
Open Access Article
669 - The Effective Social Factors Influencing on the Attitude of Leisure Time among Female Students in Amol
Manouchehr Pahlavan Fatemeh Barzigar -
Open Access Article
670 - Sociological Influence of Family Upbringing Patterns on Couples' Common Life Relationships and Behaviors
Esmaeil Pouladi Esmaeil Jahanbakhsh Asghar Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
671 - The Practical Solution to Attract Youth toward Prayer (Case study: Students in Ardabil Province)
Iran Soleimani Mahrokh Allahyari -
Open Access Article
672 - Social Factors Affecting the Value Difference(A Case study of parents and youth 15 to 24 years of old in Sari)
Sayfollah Farzaneh Issa Charat -
Open Access Article
673 - The Family Background of Inequality in Educational Opportunities (A case Study of female high school students in Ahar
Ali Ghasemi Ardahey Abolghasem Heydarabadi Nayyer Rostami -
Open Access Article
674 - A Study on the Relationship between Religion and Violence towards Children and Parents
Mohammad Yaghobi Doust Halimeh Enayat -
Open Access Article
675 - Lifting Elements in Coherent Quantales
George Georgescu -
Open Access Article
676 - On the Inferential Zigzag and Its Activation Towards Clarifying What It Is Commonsense Reasoning
Marco Elio Tabacchi Settimo Termini Enric TrillasThis paper has a twofold goal: The first is to study how the inferential zigzag can be activated, even computationally, trying to analyse what kind of reasoning consists of, where its ’mechanism’ is rooted, how it can be activated since without all this it can just seem MoreThis paper has a twofold goal: The first is to study how the inferential zigzag can be activated, even computationally, trying to analyse what kind of reasoning consists of, where its ’mechanism’ is rooted, how it can be activated since without all this it can just seem a metaphysical idea. The second, not so deeply different - as it can be presumed at a first view - but complementary, is to explore the subject’s link with the old thought on conjectures of the 15th Century Theologist and Philosopher Nicolaus Cusanus who was the first thinker consciously and extensively using conjectures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
677 - Rereading the concept of heterotopia in Shahzadeh Mahan garden
Sara Tadayyon Saeedi Sahar ToofanOne of the most beautiful traditional gardens in Iran is Shahzadeh Mahan Garden. This garden has been registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and as an example of Persian gardening, it has a special importance and position at the international level. The purpose of t MoreOne of the most beautiful traditional gardens in Iran is Shahzadeh Mahan Garden. This garden has been registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and as an example of Persian gardening, it has a special importance and position at the international level. The purpose of this research is to explain the components of Foucault's heterotopia through spatial reinterpretation in Shahzadeh Mahan garden. In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the structure and concept of heterotopia in Shahzadeh Mahan garden and extract native components. The research method used is comparative descriptive research method, which examines library documents. This article tries to answer the main research question: That is, "How are the components of heterotopia objectified in the definition of Shahzadeh Mahan garden?" The findings state that in this place, the ultimate material is elevated to spiritual infinity. The main result of this article can be summarized in the placement of the Persian garden with objectivity to the heterotopias of memory, presence, inclusive society, cultural, value-oriented and nature-oriented, for the spiritual presence of man. Therefore, the possibility of heterotopia is a place attachment and the formation of an emotional relationship with the place of the garden. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
678 - Love and Affection Motif in Family Relationships in Rumi's Works
Ali Rahmanian Fatemeh Taslim jahromi Ahmad Amiri KhorasaniOne of the important fields of lyrical poetry is its social dimension, one of the dimensions of which is family life. His views on the family are in line with Islamic traditions and traditions. Rumi pays much attention to the status of family and women in marital life, MoreOne of the important fields of lyrical poetry is its social dimension, one of the dimensions of which is family life. His views on the family are in line with Islamic traditions and traditions. Rumi pays much attention to the status of family and women in marital life, children and upbringing, family life, parental rights, and so forth in both the doctrines and the rules and it has promoted the dignity of the family system. In his view, men and women are responsible for meeting each other's emotional needs. Love is the basis of family relationships, although the man is responsible for earning a living and paying attention to the welfare and upbringing of children, and housework, childbearing, and the upbringing and education of children are the responsibility of women. Rumi has also made connections between many family relationships and mystical concepts; For example, for him, marital life can be a symbol of the creation system and the relationship between man and God and the creation and maternal attachment of God. In his view, men and women complement each other. This research is a descriptive-analytic study with regard to the verses and hadiths about women and the family and analyzes the Rumi's theories about the family and its rights. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
679 - برنامه ریزی نیروی انسانی به روش زنجیره مارکوف (مطالعه موردی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد فیروزکوه)
ملیحه صحراییمقاله حاضر با هدف پیش بینی و تعیین عرضه خالص نیروی انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزکوه برای یک دوره معین انجام شده است. لذا به کمک تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات گذشته منابع انسانی، از روش مدل زنجیره مارکوف استفاده شده است و در نهایت تعداد نیروی انسانی، ورود و خروج و همچنین Moreمقاله حاضر با هدف پیش بینی و تعیین عرضه خالص نیروی انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزکوه برای یک دوره معین انجام شده است. لذا به کمک تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات گذشته منابع انسانی، از روش مدل زنجیره مارکوف استفاده شده است و در نهایت تعداد نیروی انسانی، ورود و خروج و همچنین کمبود و مازاد در هر یک از واحدها و پست های مختلف سازمانی برای 5 سال آینده ( از 1390 تا 1394) پیش بینی شده است و بدین ترتیب تصویر روشنی از وضعیت نیروی انسانی از لحاظ ارتقاء، تنزل، انتقال، استخدام و ترک خدمت کارکنان برای تصمیم گیری مدیران فراهم شده است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل کلیه کارکنان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزکوه میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
680 - Nanoporous anodized aluminum thickness optimization through pulse current mode
Iman Mohammadi Abdollah Afshar Shahab Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
681 - Statistical Approach on Corrosion Behavior of Dissimilar Welds of A387-Gr91/AISI316 Steels with PCGTAW Process
Mohammad Jula Reza Dehmolaei Seyed Reza Alavi Zaree -
Open Access Article
682 - An optimization and characterization study on sodium ferrate production by electrochemical method
Sina Samimi-sedeh Ehsan Saebnoori Ali Hassanzadeh -
Open Access Article
683 - Studying meso-scale eddies under the influence of coastal currents in the Persian Gulf and their role in the regional climate
امین رئیسی حسام الدین مهرفر* حسام الدین مهرفر* عباسعلی علی اکبری بیدختی عباسعلی علی اکبری بیدختی مسعود ترابی آزاد مسعود ترابی آزاد کامران لاری محمد جعفر ناظم السادات محمد جعفر ناظم السادات مجتبی عظام مجتبی عظامThe role of meso-scale eddies and coastal currents is of great importance in ocean and climate studies. In this regard, data related to the sea level height were extracted from the AVISO reference data series since 2010 to 2014, and meso-scale eddies were identified and MoreThe role of meso-scale eddies and coastal currents is of great importance in ocean and climate studies. In this regard, data related to the sea level height were extracted from the AVISO reference data series since 2010 to 2014, and meso-scale eddies were identified and tracked based on the sea level height and using ArcGiS software. Moreover, coastal currents were simulated by numerical COHERENS model to influence the formation of meso-scale eddies. The results showed an annual average of 78 meso-scale eddies with a minimum life span of one week, which are often cyclical (59.1%) and decrease the temperature of the region atmosphere. The largest activity area of meso-scale eddies is in the inlet of the Persian Gulf from the Strait of Hormuz and northwest of the Persian Gulf. The strongest eddies are observed in the summer, and in line with the simulation results, the currents with the highest intensities occur from June to August. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
684 - Evaluation of growth Feature of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum trees using stem analysis
jamshid eslam dost hormoz sohrabi seyed mohsen hoseyniTree growth has a great ecological and economic importance and stem analysis is one of the reliable and widely used methods which is used to study the growth of different attributes of the trees. In the present study, we evaluated diameter, basal area, and height and vo MoreTree growth has a great ecological and economic importance and stem analysis is one of the reliable and widely used methods which is used to study the growth of different attributes of the trees. In the present study, we evaluated diameter, basal area, and height and volume growth of two fast growing species (namely Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum). After falling down the trees, 5 centimeter thick disks at 2 meter intervals were collected and transported to the laboratory. The thickness of the annual rings was measured in two perpendicular directions up to1millimeter precision. The results showed that the highest value of the current growth of diameter of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 4 and 6 year ages, respectively, equal to 1.5 and 5.4 cm and the highest value of the current basal area growth of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 9 and 10 year ages, respectively, equal to 0.1 and 0.14 square meters. Furthermore, the highest value of the current growth of height of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 6 and 9 year ages, respectively, with value of 1.3 m 3.1 m and the highest value of the current growth in the volume of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 8 and 12 year ages, with a value of 0.094 and 0.1 cubic meters, respectively. Finally, there would be concluded that both of these species in such sites can meet the environmental needs such as green spaces as well as economic goals such as commercial wood product. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
685 - Effect of flavobacterium, vermicompost, and humic acid on current photosynthesis, dry matter translocation, and grain yield of Triticosecale Wittma L. under salinity stress conditions
sara mohammadi kalesar lou Raouf Seyed sharifi Hamed Narimani Zhila NazariA factorial experiment was conducted on Triticosecale Wittma L. based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Research Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil during 2020. Experimental fact MoreA factorial experiment was conducted on Triticosecale Wittma L. based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Research Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil during 2020. Experimental factors included salinity levels (non-application of salinity as control and soil salinity of 50 and 100 mM NaCl), and bio-fertilizers (no application of bio-fertilizers as control, application of vermicompost, flavobacterium, vermicompost + flavobacterium + humic acid (foliar application with water as control and foliar application of 2 g.L-1 humic acid). Results showed that the highest leaf area index, root weight and volume, and leaf protein content were recorded in combined applications of vermicompost + flavobacterium + foliar application of humic acid under non-salinity conditions. Also, combined application of vermicompost + flavobacterium + foliar humic acid under non-salinity conditions decreased dry matter translocation from stem, shoot, and its contribution to grain yield by 31.97, 40.8, and 138.84% respectively while increasing grain yield, current photosynthesis, and contribution of current photosynthesis in grain yield by 69.56, 151.44, and 48.3%, respectively compared to no application of bio-fertilizers and humic acid under 100 mM soil salinity. Based on the results, it seems that the application of bio-fertilizers and humic acid can increase current photosynthesis and its contribution in grain yield of triticale by improving leaf area index, root weight, and volume. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
686 - Evalution of phytochemical screening of Rhamnus pallasii parts at different phenological stages
Akram Taleghani Soghra Mahmoudi Majid Mokaber EsfahaniRhamnus pallasii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. is one of the most important species of the Rhamnaceae family, which have widely distributed in Iran. Various factors such as different harvest period, habitat, and climate affect the content of plant secondary metabolites. In this MoreRhamnus pallasii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. is one of the most important species of the Rhamnaceae family, which have widely distributed in Iran. Various factors such as different harvest period, habitat, and climate affect the content of plant secondary metabolites. In this study, phytochemical screening in different morphological parts (fruit, leaf, bark and root) investigated in April, May, July, August and October based on different climatic and phenological conditions. Different parts extracted with water-methanol (80%). The content of phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins and phenolic acid compounds of extracts was determined by spectrophotometry method and the antioxidant diphenyl pykryl hydrazyl (DPPH) test was used. The results are significant at the level of 0/05. Methanolic extract of fruit collected in October showed the largest content of total phenolics (583.66 ± 1.02 µg GAE/g DE), anthocyanin (9.06 ± 0.019 mg /l) and phenolic acid (53.87 ± 1.52 µg CAE/g). Also, the highest total flavonoid content was found in methanol extract of leaves in April (514.48±1.77µg QE/g). The fruits exhibited excellent antioxidant properties with IC50 value of 7.52±0.24 µg/ml in October, followed by leaves (8.18±0.29 µg/ml in March), roots (13.50±0.29 µg/ml in March) and barks (14.79±0.37 µg/ml in May). As a result, there is seasonal variation in both the quality and quantity of phenolic compound in different parts of Rhamnus. The phenolic-rich extracts in this study can be effectively used for both research and industrial applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
687 - Antibacterial survey of different extracts of Peganum harmala L. different parts in North east of Golestan province (Inche Borun)
معصومه Mazandarani E.A Ghaemi فاطمه GhaffariPeganum harmala L. belongs to Zigophyllaceae family is one of the most important medicine plants with wild distribution in stepic and semi stepic of Golestan province. In this research, after phenology ethnopharmacological data obtained from turkman rural people. Differ MorePeganum harmala L. belongs to Zigophyllaceae family is one of the most important medicine plants with wild distribution in stepic and semi stepic of Golestan province. In this research, after phenology ethnopharmacological data obtained from turkman rural people. Different parts of plant were collected in May to late of September 2008 in dry stepic region of North east of Golestan province (Inche Borun). Aqueous, infusion and ethanolic extract were obtained by percolation method and their antibacterial effect was evaluated by disc diffusion and well methods. Inhibition zone after 24h incubation of 37 and their antibacterial activity were assessed by Pearson chi-square (P<0.05). Ethnopharmacological data in this research showed, it has been used by the Turkmen rural healers in North east of Golestan province as strong anti air infection, sedative, anti bacterial and skin inflammation to treatment fungal, gastro intestinal infection and dysmenorrhea. Ethanol extracts of root and seeds had the most efficacy against tested bacteria, especially in well method (P<0.001), another extracts had no any antibacterial effect. 78.8% of gram positive and negative bacteria (Bacillus licheniformis, Staphylococcus epidermisis, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus loteus, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysentria) were the most sensitive bacteria against ethanol extract, but gram negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Proteus loteus were the most resistant bacteria (P<0.001). Rural people were interested to take seed and smok for air disinfection, sedative and calming, can be a good candid for chemical analysis of antibacterial activity in animal and clinical models for formulation and production of natural antibacterial drug. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
688 - Investigation on Chemical Constituents of Essential oils from Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch from two local by Distillation methods
کامکار Jaimand mb Rezaee معصومه MazandraniThe compostion of the oils from flower and leaf of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch were collected during the flowering priod from 15 km away from Esfhan on alt. 1650 m. in July 2003. The essential oils were obtained by different methods of distillation (steam distillation a MoreThe compostion of the oils from flower and leaf of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch were collected during the flowering priod from 15 km away from Esfhan on alt. 1650 m. in July 2003. The essential oils were obtained by different methods of distillation (steam distillation and hydrodistillation), the percentage of oils for flower were 0/17% and 0.25% respectively, and calculated on the dry weight, and analysis by GC and GC/MS. The major constituents determined by hydrodistillation method in flower were p–cymene (33.3%), terpinolene (11.2%) and a-thujene (10.9%) and by steam distillation method in flower were p – cymene (22.1%), germacrene B (11%) and terpinolene (9.8%), respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
689 - Some effects of different habitats on antimicrobial activities of (Urtica dioica L.)
elham mogheyseh مه لقا Ghorbanli,Different habitats don’t have the same effects on the growth of plants and different climates can influence the rate of efficient compounds of plants. So, we make a decision for researching about Urtica dioica L. that it’s a medicinal plant and in traditiona MoreDifferent habitats don’t have the same effects on the growth of plants and different climates can influence the rate of efficient compounds of plants. So, we make a decision for researching about Urtica dioica L. that it’s a medicinal plant and in traditional medicine, it has been used for cure of many diseases. During the reproductive period of stinging nettle the sample of this plant was collected from four regions of Gorgan city situated in Golestan province. The ethanol extract of different organs of U. dioica L. was extracted and effected on three bacteries, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, by using MIC and MBC method. The results of this study showed that ethanol extract has antibacterial and antifungal activity. Prepared extract from high altitude had more antimicrobial effects. It was clear that leaf had most efficient extract among these four evaluated organg (MIC: 62.5mg/ml) and in most cases, stem extract didn’t have antimicrobial effect or its effect was little. But E. coli excluded of this rule and its root extract always was the most efficient extract in all of the altitudes and had the best inhibitory and fatality (MIC 7.8 mg/ml, MBC 15.62 (mg/ml) effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
690 - Ethno pharmacology and investigation secondary metabolites of Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. in two natural regions, North of Iran
معصومه Mazandarani مایا بیک BeykMohammadi هومان BayatPerovskia abrotanoides karel. belongs to Lamiaceae family,is one of the most important medicinal herbs in North and North east of Iran, with wild grown in mountainous road of Golestan and North Khorasan provinces. Long times ago, it has been used by the rural people in MorePerovskia abrotanoides karel. belongs to Lamiaceae family,is one of the most important medicinal herbs in North and North east of Iran, with wild grown in mountainous road of Golestan and North Khorasan provinces. Long times ago, it has been used by the rural people in traditional medicine of this regions for treatment of their current ailments. In this research flowering aerial parts and of plant were collected in two natural habitats (1074m in Chamanbid region and 2300m in Shahkooh) respectively, from silty clay loam soils. Methanolic extracts were obtained for evaluated of quantities of flavonoids, phenolic and anthocyanin compounds and analysed by Pearson chisquare in p<0.05. Ethno pharmacological data were obtained from rural healers and Sheepers due to its important ecological effects it has been used by the rural healers as a tonic, anti septic, anti inflammation, rheumatic pain, expel worms and treat leishmaniosis especially with combination to another medicinal plants. The quantities of flavonoide, total phenol and anthocyanin were increased in higher region (2300m), especialy to confirm rural believed about P. abrotanoides, which more effective in mountainous region to treat of their current ailments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
691 - Leveling the Development Rate of the Cities of Hamedan Province Using the Approach of Decreasing Spatial and Regional Inequalities Hadi Rostami, PhD Student in Geography and Urban Planning, Malayer Branch
hadi rostami Abbas Malek HosseiniInequality in development among different cities has recently been under consideration of regional planning’s culture, and it is yet to be known in our country. It might look easy to comment on the development and backwardness of different regions, but quantitativ MoreInequality in development among different cities has recently been under consideration of regional planning’s culture, and it is yet to be known in our country. It might look easy to comment on the development and backwardness of different regions, but quantitative measurement of the development cannot be considered a simple work. The purpose of this article is to determine the development level of cities in Hamedan province and also to analyze regional inequalities in this province. The research method used in this article is descriptive – analytical and the five indicators including; healthcare, social, cultural, educational, economical (agricultural – animal husbandry), and demographic structural occupation and infrastructural urban services have been studied. To determine the assumptions of the research and level of development of the cities, fuzzy logic techniques have been used. The fuzzy model has been designed in three phases to estimate the level of the development of cities each year. In the next stage, the trends of spatial inequalities for cities have been specified by Williamson’s differential coefficient model using the outputs of the fuzzy model. The level of development over 13 years (1380 – 1393) indicates that Hamedan with a developmental index of 0.65 is considered as the most developed city and Famenin with a development index of 0.29 is determined as the least developed one. The Pattern of the structure governing Hamedan region is determined as center- environs which requires authorities’ special attention to the equal distribution of facilities in the cities of the northern part of the province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
692 - A Study of the Bidirectional Relationship between House Prices and Rental Prices in Iran: A Bootstrap Approach using Quantile Regression with MCMB-A Method
roya aleemran seyed ali aleemranThe objective of this research is to examine the bidirectional relationship between house prices and house rental prices in Iran from the first quarter of 2002 to the fourth quarter of 2019. Granger causality tests and the bootstrap approach of quantile regression, spec MoreThe objective of this research is to examine the bidirectional relationship between house prices and house rental prices in Iran from the first quarter of 2002 to the fourth quarter of 2019. Granger causality tests and the bootstrap approach of quantile regression, specifically employing the MCMB-A Method, are utilized for the investigation. The results of the Granger causality test indicate a two-way causal relationship between house prices and house rental prices. The bootstrap method of quantile regression reveals that, across all deciles, house rental prices exert a significant positive impact on house prices. Notably, the coefficient of house rental prices exhibits an increasing trend from the first to the sixth decile, reaching its maximum value in the sixth decile, and subsequently decreasing from the seventh to the ninth decile. Additionally, across all deciles, house prices demonstrate a significant positive impact on house rental prices. Throughout the deciles, the coefficient of house prices experiences a decreasing trend from the first to the fourth decile, reaching its lowest value in the fourth decile, followed by an increasing trend from the fifth decile to the ninth decile, reaching its maximum value in the ninth decile. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
693 - Kinetics of Fe2O3-Al reaction prior to mechanochemical synthesis of Fe3Al-Al2O3 nanocomposite powder using thermal analysis
Mehdi Khodaei -
Open Access Article
694 - Influence analysis of dielectric pocket on ambipolar behavior and high-frequency performance of dual material gate oxide stack -double gate Nano-Scale TFET
Melisa Ebrahimnia Seyed Ali Sedigh Ziabari Azadeh Kiani-sarkaleh -
Open Access Article
695 - Kinetics of Fe2O3-Al reaction prior to mechanochemical synthesis of Fe3Al-Al2O3 nanocomposite powder using thermal analysis
Mehdi Khodaei -
Open Access Article
696 - Equity on General English Achievement Tests through Gender-based DIF Analysis across Different Majors
Mehri Jamalzadeh Ahmadreza Lotfi Masoud Rostami -
Open Access Article
697 - Grade Twelve Iranian High School Students’ Reading Comprehension: A Brief Look at Item Piloting
Roshanak Rezaei Faramarz Azizmalayeri Abbas Bayat Hossein Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
698 - English Teachers’ Research Engagement: Current Barriers and Future Strategies
Mehdi Mehrani Ali Behzadnia -
Open Access Article
699 - Teachers’ Perception Towards Differentiated Instruction Approach in Secondary Schools of Namangan City
Nilufar Jamoliddinova Yana Kuchkarova -
Open Access Article
700 - Improving EFL Learners’ Referential and Expressive Writing through Task-based Instruction in Academic Context
DOR:20.1001.1.23223898.2021.9.36.4.0
Delaram Pourmandnia Ahmad Mohseni Hossein Rahmanpanah Ali Asghar Rostami Abusaeedi -
Open Access Article
701 - Impact of Parental Socio-economic Status on High School EFL Learners' Academic Achievement: Parents' involvement and support in focus
DOR: 20.1001.1.23223898.2021.9.36.11.7
hamid Sarkhosh Maryam Sameri Mohammad Hasani -
Open Access Article
702 - FTC of Three-phase Induction Motor Drives under Current Sensor Faults
Azizollah Gholipour محمود قنبری Esmaeil Alibeiki Mohammad Jannati -
Open Access Article
703 - Optimal Location and Determination of Fault Current Limiters in the Presence of Distributed Generation Sources Using a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm
Salman Amirkhan Mostafa Rayatpanah Ghadikolaei Hassan Pourvali Souraki -
Open Access Article
704 - Transient Stability Improvement of a Hybrid Power System: A Novel Configuration of Compensating Type Custom Power Devices and Fault Current Limiters.
Shahab Khormali Salman Amirkhan Ramin Mokhtari Hassan Pourvali Souraki Tatiana Kovacikova masoud radmehr Azadeh Sadat Naeimi -
Open Access Article
705 - Presenting a New Fault Current Limiter Structure to Reduce the Over-voltage of the DFIG DC Link in the Voltage Sag Condition
Mohsen Ghorbani Babak Mozafari Mehdi Firouzi Farzad Golshan -
Open Access Article
706 - A Novel Multi-Functional Capacitive Fault Current Limiter to Enhance LVRT Capability of Wind Farm
Mohsen Ghorbani Babak Mozafari Mehdi Firouzi Farzad Golshan -
Open Access Article
707 - Investigation of Distance Relay Performance in Presence of Resistive Bridge-Type Fault Current Limiter (RBFCL)
Amangaldi Koochaki Mani Khorasaninezhad -
Open Access Article
708 - Improvement of LVRT Capability of Wind Farms by Using SMES and R-Type BFCL
Masoud ‎ Radmehr‎ Seyyedeh Maral Moharreri koushalshah -
Open Access Article
709 - Imam Ali's (as) strategy against the intellectual current of the Sheikhs during the Caliphate
seyd mohsen sharifi shokrollah khakrandThe intellectual current of the Sheikhs, who are also known as supporters of the school of the first caliphs, is one of the most important currents of thought during the reign of Imam Ali (AS), which is the result of the thought and behavior of the first caliphs during MoreThe intellectual current of the Sheikhs, who are also known as supporters of the school of the first caliphs, is one of the most important currents of thought during the reign of Imam Ali (AS), which is the result of the thought and behavior of the first caliphs during 25 years of caliphate. The main question of this research is what was the strategy of Imam Ali (AS) against this current of thought, which requires understanding the nature and characteristics of the ideas of this current and its objective manifestations in society. Providing a method and a logical basis for the Imam's approach to this current of thought with emphasis on the historical and social conditions of society is one of the objectives of this study, which shows the complete nobility of the Imam over the society of his time. To answer this question, a descriptive historical method is used along with the content analysis of the texts, because it is a kind of historical research that is done based on tradition and history and also considers the issues of flow and cognition of society. The hypothesis of this research is based on the fact that Imam Ali (AS) at the beginning of the government could not explicitly criticize the Sheikhin school due to the influence of Sheikhin's thought in the Islamic society. However, the findings of this study show that in the second half of his rule, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
710 - Identifying Factors Affecting Non-curent Debts of Banks Using Neural Networks and Support Vector Machine Algorithm
sajjad kordmanjiri iman dadashi zahra Khoshnood hamid reza gholamnia roshanThe main purpose of this paper is to identify the factors influencing the creation and increase of non-current debts to make a more appropriate decision in granting facilities. For this purpose, to select effective variables, from the analysis algorithms of correlation MoreThe main purpose of this paper is to identify the factors influencing the creation and increase of non-current debts to make a more appropriate decision in granting facilities. For this purpose, to select effective variables, from the analysis algorithms of correlation and Lasso components; And to classify the samples, neural networks and support machine were used. In this study, a sample of 660 legal customers of Sepah Bank for the years 2006-2017 was selected and focused on the characteristic variables extracted from the facility contracts of these customers along with financial, non-financial, auditing and economic variables. The results showed that the Lasso algorithm focused on financial, economic and auditing variables, performed better than the neighboring component analysis algorithm, and based on this algorithm, 10 key variables affecting non-current debts were identified. Due to the better performance of support vector machines with radial cores, its use in modeling non-current debts is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
711 - Evaluation of Trade Rent-Seeking Effects on the Iran’s Economy through Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model
samaneh moghaddasfar seyed komail tayebi alimorad sharifiThe purpose of this paper is to design a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibriummodel to examine the effect of trade rent-seeking on labor behavior in Iran's economy. The empirical results of the analysis of Impulse Response Functions indicate that, with the positive sho MoreThe purpose of this paper is to design a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibriummodel to examine the effect of trade rent-seeking on labor behavior in Iran's economy. The empirical results of the analysis of Impulse Response Functions indicate that, with the positive shock of the trade revenue, the trade rent-seeking rate has increased, and the labors has reduced its productive activity. In order to examine more precisely the welfare cost of rent-seeking, by Lucas's compensated variation pattern has been shown to decrease a 10% in rent-seeking rate it is increased households welfare benefit by 6%. Therefore, it is suggested that the economic policymaker with the import tariff setting based on the economic and society’s livelihood needs restricts the bargaining by the owners of the profit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
712 - Effect of Inflation on Solvency of Insurance Companies in Iran
Hossein Raghfar esmael safarzadeh Maryam QafourboroujerdiThe target of this article is to investigate the effect of inflation on the solvency of insurance companies in Iran. In this regard, panel data regression models was used to specify the model study from 1391 to 1394. The results show that inflation, current ratio and eq MoreThe target of this article is to investigate the effect of inflation on the solvency of insurance companies in Iran. In this regard, panel data regression models was used to specify the model study from 1391 to 1394. The results show that inflation, current ratio and equity ratio have positive and significant effect on solvency, while loss coefficient and reserves ratio have negative effect on solvency. According to the results, it is suggested that insurance companies change their activities from leveraged companies to capital based ones; consider reserves in another part of balance sheet except for the liabilities part; describe a range as the optimal range of current ratio and define some groups of premium related to the average damages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
713 - The Macroeconomic Effects of Structural Reforms in Iran's Retirement System
hoda jafari Abbas Najafizadeh Esmaieel Safarzade Gholam Ali HajiAbstract The purpose of this paper is to investigate the distributive and welfare effects of the transition from the current payment system to a partially funding system in Iran. For this purpose a six period OLG Models have been designed and simulated. The simulation MoreAbstract The purpose of this paper is to investigate the distributive and welfare effects of the transition from the current payment system to a partially funding system in Iran. For this purpose a six period OLG Models have been designed and simulated. The simulation results of the specified model show that, the consumption of all generations has increased and the saving of individuals and, consequently, capital accumulation in the economy is decline due to these reforms; the result of these changes is the decline in total production of economy. Based on these results and the widespread recession in the country's economy, it is suggested that policymakers do not resort to structural reforms and transition to funded system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
714 - The Reasons of Differences Between the Wages of Large Industries in Iran
hamid kordbacheh Ali souriBased on the efficiency of wage hypothesis, this paper examines the determinants of wage dispersion of large manufacturing industries using a panel of 4-digit ISIC data during the period of 1998-2007 in Iran. The findings explain that there is a significant difference b MoreBased on the efficiency of wage hypothesis, this paper examines the determinants of wage dispersion of large manufacturing industries using a panel of 4-digit ISIC data during the period of 1998-2007 in Iran. The findings explain that there is a significant difference between wages in the sampled data. By eliminating the effects of individual measured and firm characteristics such as gender, education, expert, experience, efficiency, firm size and so on. The differences in wages have remained significant yet. The results confirm the efficiency of wage theory, in which the wages dispersion cannot merely attribute to labor force characteristics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
715 - The Effect of Oil Rent on Corruption in Selected Meddle East and North Africa Countries (MENA)
Mehdi Adibpour sina karbasizadehAbstract The aim of this study is to examine the effect of oil rent on corruption within the Selected Middle East and North Africa’s oil-rich countries (MENA) by using a panel data model over the period 2003 to 2016. For this purpose, the effect some control vari MoreAbstract The aim of this study is to examine the effect of oil rent on corruption within the Selected Middle East and North Africa’s oil-rich countries (MENA) by using a panel data model over the period 2003 to 2016. For this purpose, the effect some control variables such as oil production, economic openness degree, democracy index, political right index, individual liberties index, per capita production and inflation on corruption has been considered. The results showed that oil rent has statistically significant negative impact on corruption index. Economic openness degree increase and democracy improvement and institutional quality improvement significantly decrease corruption. However, other control variables have not significantly effect on corruption index. In addition to, institutional quality variable as moderating index of relationship between oil rent and corruption was been considered but its significant effect on the relationship between these two variables was not been confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
716 - Effective Factors on Iran’s Export to Eurasian Economic Union
Mansour AsgariWhile the country's development requires the growth of exports, taking into account the trend of globalization, this process entails outward looking economic approach in which preferential trade agreement is essential. On the other hand, the assessment of the effects of MoreWhile the country's development requires the growth of exports, taking into account the trend of globalization, this process entails outward looking economic approach in which preferential trade agreement is essential. On the other hand, the assessment of the effects of preferential trade agreements of Iran with trade partners is important as well. Therefore, this paper analyzes the effects of establishing a preferential trade agreement of Iran with Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). This paper, using the gravity model with the panel data approach, the 2007-2016 data and generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator, evaluated the effects of this agreement. The results show that the variables of GDP size, economic similarities, the difference between the exporter's, importer's income level and real exchange rate, have a positive effect on Iran’s export. It is estimated that by establishment of a preferential trade agreement between Iran and EAEU, Iran's exports will increase by 43 percent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
717 - The Effect of Sequence of Concurrent Exercises on Physical Fitness, Fatigue Index and Spike Performance in Volleyball Players
shahrzad masoumi hamid arazi zahra zariyehBackground and purpose: This study investigated the effect of sequence of concurrent exercises on physical fitness, fatigue index and spike performance in volleyball players.Material and Methods: 36 girl volleyball players (mean age 53 ± 27.63 years, body mass in MoreBackground and purpose: This study investigated the effect of sequence of concurrent exercises on physical fitness, fatigue index and spike performance in volleyball players.Material and Methods: 36 girl volleyball players (mean age 53 ± 27.63 years, body mass index 73.1 ± 1.7 mm / kg / m2) were divided into 3 groups (twelve in each group) including endurance- strength group, strength- endurance group and control group. Both experimental groups, completed their training sessions three times per week for eight weeks. Dependent T-test (P <0.05) with SPSS21 software was used to compare the results of pre and post tests and ANOVA test in order to find differences between groups. Compared to the control group, aerobic fitness, muscular endurance, muscular strength, lower extremity power, agility, fatigue index, and spike skill in both experimental groups significantly improved after eight weeks training (p <0.001). Results and conclusion: There was no significant difference between the two experimental groups (P <0.05). In summary, there is no priority in the consequence of concurrent exercises in order to more impressed aerobic fitness, muscular endurance, muscular strength, lower extremity power, agility, fatigue index, and spike performance in girl volleyball players. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
718 - Task-space Control of Electrically Driven Robots
Morteza Tavakoli -
Open Access Article
719 - Effect of Electrical Current on Nitinol Medical Staples Shape Memory
Nahid Hasanzadeh Nematy Fatemeh Farhadi Sahar Shapurgan -
Open Access Article
720 - Examining and explaining the relationship between internal audit and profit sustainability
mohammadreza shurvarziInternal auditing is still an emerging profession. Internal audit plays an important role in helping organizations to achieve their goals and protect their assets (Al-Qudah et al., 2019). In addition, internal audit has become a critical management tool to achieve effec MoreInternal auditing is still an emerging profession. Internal audit plays an important role in helping organizations to achieve their goals and protect their assets (Al-Qudah et al., 2019). In addition, internal audit has become a critical management tool to achieve effective control in organizations (Behren and Ulrich, 2019). The main purpose of this research is to examine and explain the relationship between internal audit and profit stability in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Profit stability means the repeatability of current profits. The higher the profit stability, the greater the company's ability to maintain future profits. The period of this research is between 1387 and 1396, which includes two five-year periods, 5 years before the requirement of internal audit and 5 years after that for companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. which was used by using multivariate regression analysis method using Limer and Hausman's F test with the help of STATA software. In this research, the model of Francis et al. (2005) has been used to measure the stability of profits, and the data of 109 companies have been used to test the hypothesis. has been significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
721 - Earnings management, business strategy and bankruptcy risk
Mahdi Filsaraei Mohammadreza shoorvarzi Mahdi ZanganehCompetitiveness in the financial markets puts many companies at risk of bankruptcy and out of competition. This can cause concern for investors. Bankruptcy risk is mentioned as an important fact in the life cycle of modern business units that can lead to heavy economic MoreCompetitiveness in the financial markets puts many companies at risk of bankruptcy and out of competition. This can cause concern for investors. Bankruptcy risk is mentioned as an important fact in the life cycle of modern business units that can lead to heavy economic and social costs to shareholders, creditors, managers, employees and the economy as a whole. The key here is to identify the factors that can be used to predict the risk of bankruptcy in the near future. This research will be conducted with the question of whether accrued earnings management and the type of business strategy of the company can help shareholders and managers in predicting the risk of bankruptcy of the company? The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of business strategy on earnings management and bankruptcy risk in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population of the present study, after applying some of the limitations in this study, consists of 140 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2914 to 2020. Multiple linear regression model has been used to test the research hypotheses. The results of the study indicate that earnings management has a positive and significant effect on bankruptcy risk. The results also showed that cost leadership strategy has a significant negative effect on bankruptcy risk. In addition, the results showed that the product differentiation strategy has a significant negative effect on bankruptcy risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
722 - Assessing the competence of auditors with the mediating role of neo-personality profile and extra-role behaviors
shahrzad ahmadi alireza matoufiThe purpose of this study is to investigate the competence of auditors with the mediating role of neo-personality profile and extra-role behaviors. The present study is a quantitative and applied purpose, which is a survey. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to te MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the competence of auditors with the mediating role of neo-personality profile and extra-role behaviors. The present study is a quantitative and applied purpose, which is a survey. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to test the model. The time domain of the present study includes the employees of the audit organization in Golestan province, which is during a period of time in 1400. The statistical sample includes 70 people from the mentioned community based on Cochran's formula. Which was analyzed using spss, pls software. For this purpose, two hypotheses were formed that the results of statistical analysis showed that there is no positive relationship between auditors' competence and neo-role behaviors and neo-personality profile. Also, Neo's personality profile does not mediate the effect of extra-role behaviors on audit competence. The results of this study contribute to the competence of auditors as well as their behavior and personality factors in the organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
723 - Analysis of a High Step-up Boost-Flyback Converter for Solar Energy Applications
Mohammad mehdi Mirtalaee Razieh JaberiIn this paper an interleaved boost-flyback converter which was suitable for network connections of renewable energy sources is presented. Because in the solar system applications, level difference of the converter input and output voltage is high, boost converter cannot MoreIn this paper an interleaved boost-flyback converter which was suitable for network connections of renewable energy sources is presented. Because in the solar system applications, level difference of the converter input and output voltage is high, boost converter cannot be used. Due to problems of the boost converter such as hard switching, voltage stress is equal to the output voltage. As regards in electronic converters, the power tends to increase the switching frequency to improve the converter response and increase its power density, hard switching caused to reduce converter efficiency. Also high voltage stresses of components have forced the designer to use semiconductor elements which can withstand in high voltage which will increase the losses in the converter and reduce its output. The proposed converter using LC resonant tank and auxiliary switches provides soft switching condition (ZCS) for the main converter. Interleaved techniques have used for reducing input current ripple and increase the size of the output capacitor and also boost-flyback converter have used to enhance converter gain and reduction of voltage stress of semiconductor components. The operating principle of the proposed converter is presented in this paper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
724 - Improving Performance of Total Harmonic Distortion Based Fault Detection Scheme for Inverter Interfaced Islanded Microgrids
Iman SadeghkhaniGlobal warming and environmental concerns have led to increasing penetration of converter interfaced renewable energy resources. One of the main challenges of inverter interfaced islanded microgrids is the fault detection. This paper investigates the performance of tota MoreGlobal warming and environmental concerns have led to increasing penetration of converter interfaced renewable energy resources. One of the main challenges of inverter interfaced islanded microgrids is the fault detection. This paper investigates the performance of total harmonic distortion (THD) based fault detection scheme when various inverter topologies, main current limiting strategies, and different reference frame are employed. Then, based on this analysis, the performance of THD based fault detection scheme is improved using the instantaneous saturation limit and independent control capability in the natural reference frame. The proposed scheme does not mal-operate in the presence of non-linear loads and can distinguish fault condition from load change. Also, using the auxiliary control system, the proposed fault detection scheme is capable of detecting single line to ground fault in three wire system when synchronous/stationary reference frame is employed. Various time-domain simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in the case of symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
725 - Coordinated Protection Scheme Based on Virtual Impedance Control for Loop-Based Microgrids
Hamed Karimi Bahador Fani Ghazanfar ShahgholianThe presence of the inverter distributed generations in the power systems can bring about incoordination in the protection system performance while enjoying various advantages. In this paper, a suitable solution, independent of relay settings, is presented in order to s MoreThe presence of the inverter distributed generations in the power systems can bring about incoordination in the protection system performance while enjoying various advantages. In this paper, a suitable solution, independent of relay settings, is presented in order to solve the protection problems of inverter island microgrids with circular arrangement. The presence of distributed inverter generation sources causes a change in the direction and amplitude of the fault current at the microgrid level. This problem is more visible in microgrids with circular arrangement. Therefore, conventional protection schemes that consider a single path and a high fault current level compared to load current may be problematic. An important factor for the proper design of a protective system for microgrids is the contribution of the injecting fault current of the inverter sources. In this paper, a protection strategy based on the inverter control of sources is presented and ordinary overcurrent relays with the same characteristic curve are used. When a short circuit fault occurs in the microgrid, an adaptive current limiting strategy is applied using the virtual impedance loop. In this case, the share of fault current of each source is controlled according to the position of the fault, and sources closer to the fault produce a larger fault current. Therefore, the current passing through the protective equipment is closer to the fault than other equipment in the micro grid. And without the need for making connection between protective equipment, the protective coordination is guaranteed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
726 - A New Inrush Current Detection Method Based on Current Lissajous Figure
Behrooz Taheri Seyed Amir Hosseini Hossein Askarian Abyaneh Farzad RazaviThe sympathetic Inrush current that occurs in series and parallel transformers can cause the creation of two major problems in the protection of power transformers. The main problem is that the peak of the inrush current for this case is more severe rather than common i MoreThe sympathetic Inrush current that occurs in series and parallel transformers can cause the creation of two major problems in the protection of power transformers. The main problem is that the peak of the inrush current for this case is more severe rather than common inrush current that the protection system may mal-operate. Besides, when a common protection system is designed for parallel transformers, the line input current, the vector summation of the input currents, will be detected as a single-phase fault that can cause the incorrect operation of the protection system. For this purpose, this paper presents a novel approach based on Lissajous of current signal for detection of inrush current phenomenon. The proposed method detects the faults very quickly; as well as, this method has appropriate operation under noisy conditions, like white Gaussian noise. This method is evaluated using a network consist of 230 to 63 kV parallel transformers with vector group ynd11. The results show that the proposed method performs better than conventional industrial schemes, such as second harmonic, zero-crossing, and waveform analysis method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
727 - Improving the Structure of Deep Learning Algorithm in Image Processing Inspired by Representational Brain Dissimilarity Matrix
Zahra Heydaran Daroogheh Mohammad Jalal Rastegar Fatemi Maryam RastgarpourDeep learning algorithms achieves some results at human level or even better in pattern recognition problems. Meanwhile they apply a different mechanism other than human brain. This paper describes a human-inspired segmentation and interpolation algorithm, which applies MoreDeep learning algorithms achieves some results at human level or even better in pattern recognition problems. Meanwhile they apply a different mechanism other than human brain. This paper describes a human-inspired segmentation and interpolation algorithm, which applies the retinal layer in the proposed model after the input layer. Following this retina, this layer encrypts the input image and transmits the input image to the second space, which try to change deep network structure inspired of the brain's visual path. Network feedback, recognition rate, and network energy level or the comprehensiveness of the trained network examined in subsets of the Caltech data set. In similar examples, deep learning algorithms require more data to learn other than human. In the difference between deep learning and human, there is a difference in the representation of information. In deep learning, weights improve in a way that optimizes the result in a particular experiment, but in millions of years of human evolution, the human brain has evolved optimally and effectively representation. Another point of contention is the deepening of deep learning layers. The number of these layers has multiplied compared to the brain that lead to more complexity and energy expenditure. However, in the brain it can make a diagnosis with less energy. The maximum recognition rate of the proposed model is 93% and the base model is close to 91%. Also, the proposed model is thinner and the rate of fire of neurons in the initial layers is lower and has a high stability to changes in light intensity. The Dissimilarity of the model layers has been higher and it has been able to show a better response in the face of noise images and record less recognition loss. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
728 - System Design of a Low-power Non-coherent Receiver for Stimulating Wireless Neural Implants
Fakhralsadat Rastegari Massoud Dousti Behbod GhalamkariIn recent years, low-power transceivers have found wide applications in medical engineering. In this paper, the system design and simulation of a low-power implantable receiver are presented for the case of stimulating brain cells. The receiver shows a high data rate in MoreIn recent years, low-power transceivers have found wide applications in medical engineering. In this paper, the system design and simulation of a low-power implantable receiver are presented for the case of stimulating brain cells. The receiver shows a high data rate in the industrial scientific and medical (ISM) band for being used in a bidirectional wireless full-duplex link and communication between the implanted system and the outside world. The proposed receiver has a non-coherent structure and operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz with on-off keying (OOK) modulation. This receiver has a bit error rate (BER) of less than 0.001 and a data rate of 100 Mbps. The simulation results of the proposed circuit show a 26.4 dB gain (S21), a -39 dB input return loss (S11) and a 5.22 dB noise figure (NF). The simulation results are in good agreement with the analytical calculations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
729 - A New Soft Switching High Step-Up Converter Ability to Increase Parallel Branches without the Need for a New Auxiliary Circuit
Iman Es-haghpour Majid Delshad Saeid JavadiIn this paper, an interleaved high step-up converter with a simple auxiliary circuit is presented. The proposed auxiliary circuit has the coupled inductor with the input inductors of the converter and provides zero voltage switching conditions for the main switches of t MoreIn this paper, an interleaved high step-up converter with a simple auxiliary circuit is presented. The proposed auxiliary circuit has the coupled inductor with the input inductors of the converter and provides zero voltage switching conditions for the main switches of the converter. On the other hand, auxiliary switches and diodes of auxiliary circuit operate under zero current condition and therefore do not impose significant losses on the converter. The auxiliary circuit is modular and can apply to more phases of the converter. Therefore, the converter can be easily designed for very high power applications. The proposed converter uses the cross-coupled inductors technique with series lift capacitors to increase the voltage gain and reduce the voltage stress on the main switches. Also, leakage inductance energy can be easily absorbed by the clamp capacitors and helps to increasing the voltage gain. The proposed high step-up converter has been analyzed in detail and a practical prototype has been implemented at 100W. The experimental results confirm the correctness of the operation of the circuit and the theoretical analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
730 - An Investigation on the Impact of Aluminum Contact’s Properties on the Performance of Si-MSM Photodetector
Maryam Zarepour Hamed Dehdashti JahromiMetal-Semiconductor-Metal photodetectors consist of two metallic contacts and an aperture for photon absorption. An MSM photodetector has low dark current, because one of the contacts is always in the reverse bias region. In this paper, we studied the impact of aluminum MoreMetal-Semiconductor-Metal photodetectors consist of two metallic contacts and an aperture for photon absorption. An MSM photodetector has low dark current, because one of the contacts is always in the reverse bias region. In this paper, we studied the impact of aluminum (metal contact) characteristics on the dark current, photocurrent, and photo-response of a silicon-based MSM photodetector. Metal work function has a small variation in different deposition processes. Impact of metal work function and layer thickness on the performance of MSM photodetector are studied. To this aim, an MSM photodetector is simulated and the dark current, photocurrent, and the photo-response of the structure are investigated. The analyses show that aluminum work function and thickness have a direct effect on the dark current, photocurrent, and photo-response of the photodetector which can change the structure from a photovoltaic to a photoconductive device if the mentioned parameters are not selected well. Therefore, these parameters should be optimized in the design stage. In this study, for a symmetric MSM photodetector, the optimal work function was achieved to be 4.26 eV. Work functions less than this value result in an ohmic contact between the aluminum layer and the silicon layer, and work functions more than this value result in a Schottky junction with a very low breakdown voltage in the reverse bias region which both regions degrade performance of the photodetector. Moreover, the best aluminum layer thickness was obtained to be 1.1 μm. This thickness leads to the maximized photo-response in the photodetector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
731 - Improving the Performance of Cadmium Telluride-Based Solar Cells Using ZnCdS/NiO and ZnO Compounds for ETL/HTL and TCO Layers
Ebrahim Amoupour Javad Hasanzadeh Ali Abdolahzadeh Ziabari Peyman AzimiCadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cell is known for its high efficiency, low cost and high stability. In this paper, simulation of CdTe based solar cell (ZnO/ZnCdS/CdTe/NiO/Al) has been presented. ZnCdS, NiO and ZnO layers have been used as electron/hole transport layer (E MoreCadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cell is known for its high efficiency, low cost and high stability. In this paper, simulation of CdTe based solar cell (ZnO/ZnCdS/CdTe/NiO/Al) has been presented. ZnCdS, NiO and ZnO layers have been used as electron/hole transport layer (ETL/HTL) and transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer, respectively. SCAPS-1D simulation software was used to evaluate the performance of the modelled multijunction CdTe solar cell. This software is capable of analyzing the efficiency with different parameters of cadmium telluride solar cell. The impact of thickness, carrier concentration, defect density of the CdTe, and ZnCdS/ CdTe interface defect density on the solar cell performance was also investigated. The optimized solar cell demonstrated a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.3 % with open circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.095 V, short circuit current density (JSC) of 27.22 mA/cm2 and FF of 88.14 % that shows huge promise in low-cost solar energy harvesting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
732 - A New Interleaved Step-Up Converter with Leakage Inductances Energy Recovery and High Efficiency
Hosein Talgini Majid Delshad Ramtin SadeghiIn this paper, a new interleaved step-up converter with leakage inductances energy recovery is presented. The auxiliary circuit in the proposed converter not only provides zero voltage switching conditions for all switches, but also the leakage inductance energy of the MoreIn this paper, a new interleaved step-up converter with leakage inductances energy recovery is presented. The auxiliary circuit in the proposed converter not only provides zero voltage switching conditions for all switches, but also the leakage inductance energy of the coupled inductors is recovered and also helps to increase the voltage gain and reduce the voltage stress of the switches. Therefore, the converter does not need passive clamp circuits to control voltage spikes on the switches. Also, all switches do not have capacitive turn-on losses in the switches. On the other hand, the output diodes operate under zero current switching and do not have the reverse recovery problem. The converter is also controlled by pulse width modulation, and since the auxiliary switches are turned on in complimentary with the main switches, they do not have a complex control circuit. The proposed converter has been completely analyzed and to confirm its correctness, a 100W sample of the converter has been made and its practical results have been presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
733 - Design and Torque Analysis of Double-Slot Surface and Spoke-Type BLDC Motor Using Finite Element Method
Ali Esteki Behrooz MajidiThe aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of second slot in stator tooth on performance of two commonly used rotor structures, namely Surface-type and Spoke-type, for a brushless direct current (BLDC) motor. The comparative results are reported for different cl MoreThe aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of second slot in stator tooth on performance of two commonly used rotor structures, namely Surface-type and Spoke-type, for a brushless direct current (BLDC) motor. The comparative results are reported for different closing slot conditions. Afterwards by inserting a direct current driven winding or permanent magnets (PMs) into the stator tooth slots of best performed model of previous stage, two hybrid-brushless direct current (HBLDC) motors are introduced and studied. The results demonstrated that slot-closing strategy has high impact on torque fluctuations while the torque produced remain almost constant. For HBLDC, the auxiliary Electro-Magnetic field, placed in stator slot, developed torque performance of the motors. The finite element method (FEM) is used in stages of study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
734 - Damping Controller Design in Offshore Wind Power Plants to Improve Power System Stability Using Fractional Order PID Controllers Based on Optimized Exchange Market Algorithm
Naser Taheri Hamed Orojlo Faramarz EbrahimiIn this paper, the design of damping supplementary controller in VSC HVDC transmission systems, which is the interface of Offshore Wind Power Plant (OWPP) with the main power system, is studied. First, it is shown that the speed-power curve in a wind turbine affects the MoreIn this paper, the design of damping supplementary controller in VSC HVDC transmission systems, which is the interface of Offshore Wind Power Plant (OWPP) with the main power system, is studied. First, it is shown that the speed-power curve in a wind turbine affects the damping of oscillation and electromechanical modes of the power system, and depending on the operating conditions of the turbine, the extent of this effect varies. Then, to improve the dynamic stability of the power system, the use of an optimized supplementary controller in the VSC HVDC system will be proposed. The proposed controller is added as an additional loop to the converter control circuits in VSC HVDC and will amplify the damping torque in the generators by correcting the damping coefficient of the system oscillation modes. In addition, a solution is provided to use the supplementary controller in the most optimal path, so that the most controllability on the oscillation modes and the least interference with other channels between the input-output signals are provided. To design the proposed controller, a fractional order PID controller will be used whose coefficients are adjusted through an optimized exchange market algorithm. The optimization of the algorithm is done by using mutation and crossover operators in the genetic algorithm with the aim of avoiding bats being trapped at local extremum. The simulation results show that the method proposed in this paper not only improves the dynamic stability of the power system but also strengthens the voltage profile. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
735 - Electrical Load Parameter Identification using Multi-Variant Structure Based on Deep Learning
Omid Izadi Ghaforkhi Mazda Moattari Ahmad ForouzantabarElectrical load modeling has been considered an essential task in power system studies. With the recent development of power systems, load modeling is becoming more and more challenging. The previous methods on load modeling are suffered from: i) high sensitivity to noi MoreElectrical load modeling has been considered an essential task in power system studies. With the recent development of power systems, load modeling is becoming more and more challenging. The previous methods on load modeling are suffered from: i) high sensitivity to noise; ii) neglecting the load correlation in a power system, iii) high computational burden, and iv) dependency on the local measurement devices. To address these problems, this paper develops a deep neural network-based structure that can identify a large number of parameters simultaneously with fast performance as well as high accuracy. The designed network can fully understand the temporal features using a gated recurrent neural network-based structure. Furthermore, to provide the ability to estimate a large number of load parameters, a technique to assign the learning weight has been developed. Consequ­ently, to enhance the robustness of the designed network considering noisy conditions, a loss function has been developed in this paper. The numerical results on the IEEE 68-bus system demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed network in comparison with several shallow-based and deep-based structures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
736 - Soft Switching Interleaved Boost Converter with Simple Auxiliary Circuit and Reduced Voltage Stress
Omid Haghparast Naeini Mahdi Shaneh Mohamad Reza MohammadiThe interleaved boost converters are the power circuits that provide high-voltage, high-power with regulated output voltage for renewable energy systems which are generally suffer from low-voltage and unregulated output voltages. The soft switching methods reduce electr MoreThe interleaved boost converters are the power circuits that provide high-voltage, high-power with regulated output voltage for renewable energy systems which are generally suffer from low-voltage and unregulated output voltages. The soft switching methods reduce electromagnetic noises and switching losses in these converters. In this paper, a ZVT interleaved boost converter with a simple auxiliary circuit is proposed. The proposed converter has a simple structure with low size and cost. In the proposed converter, soft switching condition is provided without any extra voltage and current stress on the main switches. The auxiliary circuit comprises two diodes and one auxiliary switch. The leakage inductance of the utilized coupled inductors is used as resonant inductor. The auxiliary switches benefit from significantly reduced voltage stress without requiring floating gate driver. The proposed converter can achieve zero voltage switching operation for the main switches and zero current switching for diodes and auxiliary switches, which causes to alleviate the reverse recovery problems of all diodes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
737 - High-Performance Spintronic Based-Neuromorphic Computing System Enabled by Current Monitoring Peripheral Circuit
Pegah Shafaghi Hooman Farkhani Mehdi Dolatshahi Homayoun Mahdavi-NasabImplementation of neuromorphic computing systems (NCSs) using digital and analog circuits occup­ies a high chip area and consumes high power. With the advancement of nanotechnology, the hybrid Magnetic tunnel junction/Complementary metal–oxide–semiconduc MoreImplementation of neuromorphic computing systems (NCSs) using digital and analog circuits occup­ies a high chip area and consumes high power. With the advancement of nanotechnology, the hybrid Magnetic tunnel junction/Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (MTJ/CMOS) circuits have made it possible to implement NCSs with higher density and lower power consumption. However, still there is a gap between the performance of the human brain and NCSs. To mitigate this gap, it is essential to further decrease the energy consumption and the delay of the NCS. The high energy consumption of the MTJ-based NCS is mostly related to the high current needed to switch the MTJ state. Hence, some previous methods tried to perform real-time tracking of the MTJ state by monitoring its voltage and cutting off its current immediately after switching. However, due to the small voltage changes after switching, these methods suffer from a high-power consumption (they need power-hungry amplifiers). In this paper, a new method based on the tracking of MTJ current (instead of voltage) and terminating the MTJ current after switching is proposed. Due to the large changes in the MTJ current after switching (about 40%), there is no need to use an amplifier in the proposed circuit. Therefore, the conventional voltage-mode sensing circuit is replaced with the proposed circuit, to improve the energy efficiency, speed and delay of the NCS. In all state-of-the-art designs, the voltage changes on nodes across the MTJ (PL, FL or both of them) have been used to detect the MTJ switching. However, the proposed circuit detects the MTJ switching by properly sensing the MTJ current and terminates its current immediately. The simulation results in 65-nm CMOS technology confirm that the proposed technique improves the energy consumption and speed of the NCS by 49% and 2.1X compared with the typical NCS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
738 - Design and Simulation of a New Capacitance Multiplier with Adaptive Current Bias and Quasi-Floating Gate Technique with Electronic Tunability and High Linearity for Biomedical Applications
Mohammad Aghaei Jeshvaghani Mehdi Dolatshahi Sayed Mohammad Ali Zanjani Mohammad Amin HonarvarEmploying capacitance multipliers in low-frequency integrated circuits has a significant effect on reducing the chip size area. The main idea behind the proposed circuit in this paper is to use a folded current follower (FCF) structure to effectively reduce the equivale MoreEmploying capacitance multipliers in low-frequency integrated circuits has a significant effect on reducing the chip size area. The main idea behind the proposed circuit in this paper is to use a folded current follower (FCF) structure to effectively reduce the equivalent series resistance (ESR) in the input stage. Furthermore, using an auxiliary circuit to adapt the bias current of the transistors and applying the necessary signals by the quasi-floating gate technique (QFG), are other approaches employed to reduce the static power consumption while properly increasing the linearity of the proposed circuit, which can be considered as other benefits of the proposed approach. On the other hand, to improve the linearity, negative feedback is used and necessary voltage is applied to the gate of the transistors in the current sampler. The “K” coefficient can be adjusted by the active method. Low input resistance and high output resistance as well as the reduced occupied silicon area are achieved based on the simulation results of the proposed circuit. The simulation results in 0.18 μm technology show that, with a 0.8 V power supply and base capacitor (Cb=1 pF), for 850 nW power consumption, a capacitor equivalent to 204 pF is achieved in the proposed approach. As another example, to realize the 101 pF capacitor with the supply as mentioned above and base capacitor, the proposed multiplier requires 6.3 times less area and 23 times more bandwidth than FCF, which shows the increased accuracy of the proposed design. In the proposed circuit, in the presence of a current adaptive circuit with an input signal range of 7 nA, the output current range is obtained as 1510 nA, While the output bias current is 100nA and the harmonic distortion value is obtained as 3.6%. The proposed circuit has the highest figure of merit 42.823 MHz/μW, which shows superiority in overall performance in comparison with other reported designs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
739 - Impact of Type and Impedance Value of Fault Current Limiters on the Transient Stability of the Power System Taking in to Fault Clearing Time
Mahdi Dehghani Ashkezari Sayed Mahmod Modaresi Modaresi Sayed Amin Saied Tahera Daemi HamidReza AkbariIn general, the basis of operation of most fault current limiters is to reduce the short-circuit current by adding a large impedance to the system at the time of the fault. However, fault current limiters differ in the type of impedance and how the impedance adds and re MoreIn general, the basis of operation of most fault current limiters is to reduce the short-circuit current by adding a large impedance to the system at the time of the fault. However, fault current limiters differ in the type of impedance and how the impedance adds and removes the system. In this paper, taking into account three different locations for installing fault current limiter in a sample power network, as well as changing the type (inductance or resistance) and its impedance value in an extensive range, the effects of these parameters on the stability of the power system have been investigated and analyzed. The criterion used for the first time in this article by the authors to examine and evaluate the transient stability of the power system is the method of the difference between the accelerating and decelerating area. The basis of this method is based on the equal area criterion. Other issues addressed in this paper are presenting a method for locating and determining the optimal value of fault current limiter impedance to improve the stability of the power system. Also, the effect of fault clearing time on transient stability has been studied when the fault current limiter is present in the power grid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
740 - Optimization of Consumed Power in Two Different DC Motors Coupled Based on Genetic Algorithm
Mehrdad Jafarboland MAhmood ZadehbagheriA single DC motor can be substituted by two different couple DC motors in submarines. By this way, by varying the speed of submarine, the power of propellant and subsequently the mechanical power of these motors would vary. One important promlem in controlling the mecha MoreA single DC motor can be substituted by two different couple DC motors in submarines. By this way, by varying the speed of submarine, the power of propellant and subsequently the mechanical power of these motors would vary. One important promlem in controlling the mechanical coupling of these motors is the power sharing between them. In the previous reports the mechanical power was shared between them in nonoptimized manner. In this paper an optimized cantroller is indroduced that optimize the efficiency of the system. The power sharing between these motors would vary according to their speed. The proposed controller is based on Genetic Algoritm and is able to share the mechanical power between the motors in an optimized manner at different speeds. The simutation results shows the well behavior of system and also the optimize power sharing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
741 - Design and Implementation of a New Current Fed Converter With Zero Current Switching Conditions
Bahador Fani Majid DelshadIn this paper a new soft switching current-fed converter for high voltage high power applications is presented. This converter utilizes parasitic components of high voltage transformers as resonant elements and employs fixed frequency phase shift PWM control to implemen MoreIn this paper a new soft switching current-fed converter for high voltage high power applications is presented. This converter utilizes parasitic components of high voltage transformers as resonant elements and employs fixed frequency phase shift PWM control to implement soft switching condition, so the implementation of control circuit is easy and cheap. Every six switches turn on at zero current condition (ZCS) and it has high efficiency. The detailed steady state analysis of the converter is presented by computer simulation and analytical method. Finally the experimental results certificate analysis and simulation results of this converter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
742 - Effects of Direct Torque Control Switching Strategies on Common Voltage and Bearing Current
Mohammad Taghi Sadeghzadeh Gholam Reza Arab Amir Hossein Mirzaian Seyed Mohammad MadaniBearing current sininduction motorsare considered a sone of the most damaging factors. Induced shaft voltage through the parasitic capacitors cause this type of current. Inthispaper,given the increasing importance of direct torque control of induction motorin industry, MoreBearing current sininduction motorsare considered a sone of the most damaging factors. Induced shaft voltage through the parasitic capacitors cause this type of current. Inthispaper,given the increasing importance of direct torque control of induction motorin industry, various switching tables are assessed in order to ensure the lowest common voltage while maintaining the performance characteristics of the drive. Finally best switching table based on the minimum CMV, less torque rippleand better quality out put reference tracking is proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
743 - Evaluation of the Performance of Feedforward and Recurrent Neural Networks in Active Cancellation of Sound Noise
Mehrshad Salmasi Homayoun Mahdavi-NasabActive noise control is based on the destructive interference between the primary noise and generated noise from the secondary source. An antinoise of equal amplitude and opposite phase is generated and combined with the primary noise. In this paper, performance of the MoreActive noise control is based on the destructive interference between the primary noise and generated noise from the secondary source. An antinoise of equal amplitude and opposite phase is generated and combined with the primary noise. In this paper, performance of the neural networks is evaluated in active cancellation of sound noise. For this reason, feedforward and recurrent neural networks are designed and trained. After training, performance of the feedforwrad and recurrent networks in noise attenuation are compared. We use Elman network as a recurrent neural network. For simulations, noise signals from a SPIB database are used. In order to compare the networks appropriately, equal number of layers and neurons are considered for the networks. Moreover, training and test samples are similar. Simulation results show that feedforward and recurrent neural networks present good performance in noise cancellation. As it is seen, the ability of recurrent neural network in noise attenuation is better than feedforward network. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
744 - Vector Control of Induction Motor Using Space Vector Modulation Method with Current Source Inverter
Golam Reza Arab Markadeh Forugh Taki Saeed AbazariDirect torque control with Current Source Inverter (CSI) instead of voltage source inverter is so appropriate because of determining the torque of induction motor with machine current and air gap flux. In addition, Space-Vector Modulation (SVM) is a more proper method f MoreDirect torque control with Current Source Inverter (CSI) instead of voltage source inverter is so appropriate because of determining the torque of induction motor with machine current and air gap flux. In addition, Space-Vector Modulation (SVM) is a more proper method for CSI because of low order harmonics reduction, lower switching frequency and easier implementation. This paper introduces the SVM method for CSI and uses the proposed inverter for vector control of an induction motor. The simulation results illustrate fast dynamic response and desirable torque and speed output. Fast and accurate response to changes of speed and load torque reference completely proves the prominence of this method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
745 - Coordinated Control of FACTS Devices by Using ADALINE Neural Network to Enhance the Transient Stability of Power System
Mehdi Ghasemi Ali Reza Roosta Bahador FaniIn order to improve transient stability and increase the system damping, this paper introduces a specific way of coordination between FACTS devices (TCSC and SVC). In order to improve the performance and use all the features of TCSC and SVC (presented in this article), MoreIn order to improve transient stability and increase the system damping, this paper introduces a specific way of coordination between FACTS devices (TCSC and SVC). In order to improve the performance and use all the features of TCSC and SVC (presented in this article), it is necessary a controller be used in which does not have the limitations of other controllers and simply be also able to quickly respond and adapt to the power system model. Hence, these features can be found in the intelligent controllers in which the ADALINE network is one of them. To better understand the performance of the ADALINE network controller; this controller will be compared with a controller which is designed by the optimal control parameters (LQR). The instruments used for FACTS are from the injection type and therefore, it is possible to use a fixed factorization ybus matrix in the calculations. Simulation results using non-linear network show that the ADALINE neural network controller has better performance than the LQR controller and can cause significant improvement on damping and transmission ability in the power system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
746 - Performance Engineering of Transparent Widearea Optical WRN Networks Through Static Routing (Considering Restoration)
Mehdi Karimian Seyed Sadegh FadaeiThe all-optical transparent wavelength routed network is a promising candidate for the next-generation backbone network to provide large bandwidth at low cost. Due to transmission impairments, present in fibers and optical components, may significantly affect the qualit MoreThe all-optical transparent wavelength routed network is a promising candidate for the next-generation backbone network to provide large bandwidth at low cost. Due to transmission impairments, present in fibers and optical components, may significantly affect the quality of a lightpath, and, hence, in wavelength routed transparent optical networks, the best routing optimization, which is determined only by network-layer performance, might not be the best one or even worse after physical-layer performance taken into account. In order to overcome the above limitation, in this paper, we propose that routing optimizations should be evaluated from both network-layer performance and physical-layer performance and the best routing optimization should be chosen based on the overall performances, not just the network-layer performance. Also the network restoration has to be considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
747 - Optimal Feature Space Selection in Detecting Epileptic Seizure based on Recurrent Quantification Analysis and Genetic Algorithm
Saleh LAshkari Mehdi AzarnooshSelecting optimal features based on nature of the phenomenon and high discriminant ability is very important in the data classification problems. Since it doesn't require any assumption about stationary condition and size of the signal and the noise in Recurrent Quantif MoreSelecting optimal features based on nature of the phenomenon and high discriminant ability is very important in the data classification problems. Since it doesn't require any assumption about stationary condition and size of the signal and the noise in Recurrent Quantification Analysis (RQA), it may be useful for epileptic seizure Detection. In this study, RQA was used to discriminate ictal EEG from the normal EEG where optimal features selected by combination of algorithm genetic and Bayesian Classifier. Recurrence plots of hundred samples in each two categories were obtained with five distance norms in this study: Euclidean, Maximum, Minimum, Normalized and Fixed Norm. In order to choose optimal threshold for each norm, ten threshold of ε was generated and then the best feature space was selected by genetic algorithm in combination with a bayesian classifier. The results shown that proposed method is capable of discriminating the ictal EEG from the normal EEG where for Minimum norm and 0.1˂ε˂1, accuracy was 100%. In addition, the sensitivity of proposed framework to the ε and the distance norm parameters was low. The optimal feature presented in this study is Trans which it was selected in most feature spaces with high accuracy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
748 - Novel Control Strategy for VSI and CSI Active Filters and Comparing These Two Types of Filters
Gholam Reza Arab Somayeh Yarahmadi Jafar SoltaniRecently to eliminate the harmonics and improve the power factor of the power networks, much attention has been attracted to active filters. The advantages of these filters are lower volume and their better compensating characteristics than the passive filters. In conve MoreRecently to eliminate the harmonics and improve the power factor of the power networks, much attention has been attracted to active filters. The advantages of these filters are lower volume and their better compensating characteristics than the passive filters. In conventional sliding mode controllers, the source current waveform is fluctuated in near to zero values. In this paper, using a new sliding technique, lower Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in source current is obtained and the current waveform is improved. As well as, two novel control strategies for two types of active filters, VSI and CSI is proposed and then these two types of filters are compared to reduce THD value of source current.The proposed controlled strategies are simulated by MATLAB/Simulink. The Simulation results confirm that the proposed strategies reduce the THD of source current more than other strategies, and active filter based on CSI has a better performance than active filter based on VSI with a dead time area (for avoiding short circuit of the source) in high powers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
749 - Assesment and Analyze Hybride Control System in Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator Based Current Source Converter
Sayed Mohammad Ali Zanjani Zahra Azimi Mostafa AzimiWith the rapid technology advancement in control processes, electric utilities are experiencing more demanding requirements on the power quality from the large industrial power consumers. For achieved this purpose use of FACTS devices. One of kind compensator is D-Statc MoreWith the rapid technology advancement in control processes, electric utilities are experiencing more demanding requirements on the power quality from the large industrial power consumers. For achieved this purpose use of FACTS devices. One of kind compensator is D-Statcom, using in distribution system for conquest of power quality problem. This paper presents system modeling and control design techniques of distribution static synchronous compensator. For reach an optimal design, using a hybride state-feedback and d-q control systems. Using direct sampling on network parameter, than conventional control system, as well as fast dynamic responses are achieved. The derived simulations are tried to verify the result of this paper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
750 - Evaluation of Starting Current of Induction Motors Using Artificial Neural Network
Iman Sadeghkhani Ali Reza SadoughiInduction motors (IMs) are widely used in industry including it be an electrical or not. However during starting period, their starting currents are so large that can damage equipment. Therefore, this current should be estimated accurately to prevent hazards caused by i MoreInduction motors (IMs) are widely used in industry including it be an electrical or not. However during starting period, their starting currents are so large that can damage equipment. Therefore, this current should be estimated accurately to prevent hazards caused by it. In this paper, the artificial neural network (ANN) as an intelligent tool is used to evaluate starting current peak of IMs. Both Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) structures have been analyzed. Six learning algorithms, backpropagation (BP), delta-bar-delta (DBD), extended delta-bar-delta (EDBD), directed random search (DRS), quick propagation (QP), and levenberg marquardt (LM) were used to train the MLP. The simulation results using MATLAB show that most developed ANNs can estimate the starting current peak of IMs with good accuracy. However, it is proven that LM and EDBD algorithms present better performance for starting current evaluation based on average of relative and absolute errors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
751 - Examining the Results of Differential Decisions in Proceedings in the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency
Sohrab Mozafarinia Amir Alboali Mahmoud BaviPassing laws and regulations to curb disorder in society and violators has always been and is preferred by all people and all societies. It can be said that there is no society or individual who does not feel the need for regulations. On the other hand, the abundance of MorePassing laws and regulations to curb disorder in society and violators has always been and is preferred by all people and all societies. It can be said that there is no society or individual who does not feel the need for regulations. On the other hand, the abundance of rules and regulations, like woven cords, sometimes keep the executive away from freedom of will, which is the innate nature of human being. Therefore, he may unintentionally take actions undesirable that cause problems for himself and the society. Today, what is less paid attention to is the correct implementation of laws and regulations in the process of proceedings, which has caused a person to become a violator of the law, instead of being reformed. It seems that due to the differences in personalities and the existence of different cultures that are getting closer to each other, it is necessary to turn to a correct differential policy of educational rights in the establishment of regulations, especially in the case of juveniles. Especially when the client leaves the probation, it will be easier and better for the authorities and society to restrain the criminal. The current research is based on the analysis of the clients’ answers to questions that are asked from a client of the reformatory and education center, review of the clients’ activities, and the information obtained from the judges. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
752 - The Common Recitation in Iran in the Fifth and Sixth Lunar Centuries: A Case Study of Strong Recitations in Astan Quds Razavi's Masāḥif
Elaheh Shahpasand Seyede Mahnaz SharifianfarIn order to discover common recitations in the 5th and 6th centuries of Iran, this research has investigated the recitations recorded in three Qur'ans from the fifth century and three Qur'ans from the sixth century in the library of Astan Quds Razavi. Therefore, a table MoreIn order to discover common recitations in the 5th and 6th centuries of Iran, this research has investigated the recitations recorded in three Qur'ans from the fifth century and three Qur'ans from the sixth century in the library of Astan Quds Razavi. Therefore, a table containing 1000 words was prepared. After preparing the statistics of the degree of similarity of the reading of these words with each of the ten readings as well as the remaining cases from Abu Hatem's authority, it was concluded that the calligraphy of this book is most similar to the script of Būm of Basrah, and then Kufah. It has the least resemblance to the Shami script. In this sense, there has been no change compared to the fourth century. Examining the "field of the letters" (farsh al-ḥorūf) of the Qur'an and comparing it with the ten recitations also shows that these Qur'an were not subject to a single reading, but they contain an authority, one of the criteria of which is the approval of more reciters. In general, the recitation of these books is similar to the recitation of Āṣim and then Khalaf". In comparison with the fourth century, the common recitation has turned away from being more similar to Abu Amr's Basri recitation and is inclined to the Kufic recitations, especially the Ḥafs narration of the Āṣim recitation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
753 - A Historical Analysis of the Phenomenon of Antinomianism among Islamic Sects and Intra-Religious Currents
Saemi Marziyeh Seyed Mohammad Razavi Amir Tohidi“Antinomianism” is a kind of spirit or mindset according to which, man allows himself to disregard the limits and rules of Sharīʿah and to violate the boundaries of Ḥalāl (lawful) and Haram (unlawful). Therefore, the groups that consider some illegal acts as More“Antinomianism” is a kind of spirit or mindset according to which, man allows himself to disregard the limits and rules of Sharīʿah and to violate the boundaries of Ḥalāl (lawful) and Haram (unlawful). Therefore, the groups that consider some illegal acts as permissible and commit them are called “Ibāḥīyyeh (antinomian people)”. Using a descriptive-analytical method and paying close attention to the roots and studying the current of Antinomianism among the Islamic sect, we found out that the main roots of Antinomianism are wrong and corrupt beliefs which are in sharp contrast to the true belief of monotheism; thus, among the causes of the emergence of Antinomianism, we can refer to the infidels’ unbelief or negligence of religious people. The prevalence of extreme and exaggerated beliefs of the enemies of a religion, and showing it upside down, and misinterpreting the truths of religion, are among the grounds for the formation of this erroneous doctrine. Among the dangerous effects of this heretical thinking we can refer to destroying and defiling the face of Shi’a, forging some false hadiths, and accusing many narrators of exaggeration, laziness, boredom, being indifferent to divine duties and commands, as well as fearlessness and audacity to disobey divine commands and prohibitions. Infallible Imams (peace be upon them) strongly opposed this wrong thinking; and using some methods such as cursing, and recommending the people to be pious and conduct righteous deeds, they showed their disgust towards the antinomian people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
754 - The method of discovering Tadlis and its motives in Islamic narrative relations; Example: Darqotni's narration from Jea'bi
Mohammad Afi Khorasani Rouhollah ShahidiTadlis has been one of the significant phenomena in the process of transmitting hadiths, and not paying attention to it will damage the validity of hadith Sanads. This phenomenon is rooted in the history of hadith and many narrators at different levels have committed it MoreTadlis has been one of the significant phenomena in the process of transmitting hadiths, and not paying attention to it will damage the validity of hadith Sanads. This phenomenon is rooted in the history of hadith and many narrators at different levels have committed it. One of the important issues in studying this phenomenon is the method of discovering it in hadith Sanads as well as recognizing the motivations of narrators to do it. In this article, based on an objective example, this important issue has been addressed; This is an example of the Unusual names that Darqotni has used to name his master Muhammad ibn 'Umar Je'abi. A case-by-case analysis of each of these names first proved that they were all in fact refer to Ji'abi; Then the unusualness of these names about Ji'abi and, as a result, Darqotni's Tadlis in mentioning him was proved. In the end, various hypotheses were expressed in Darqotni's possible motives for the Tadlis, the most important of which was his suspicion of Ji'abi at the later period of his life, which may have been pretended not to narrate much from him by changing the method of naming Jiabi. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
755 - Historical Review of the Thinking of Abrogating Writings in the Third and Fourth Centuries
Mohsen Ghasempour Fatomeh HajiakbariThe abrogation in the Quran in the first three centuries have had a general meaning, which has become an example in later periods. From the second to the fifth centuries, the number of verses that were considered obsolete increased dramatically, and a scholar from Zohar MoreThe abrogation in the Quran in the first three centuries have had a general meaning, which has become an example in later periods. From the second to the fifth centuries, the number of verses that were considered obsolete increased dramatically, and a scholar from Zohari to Ibn Jouzi, respectively, made obsolete verses from 42 to 247 verses respectively. In the fourth millennium, the golden age of writing is unconscious and outdated, as the revelation of verses is so great that some people have called this approach, the name of the love of Al-Nashk, the number of unwholesome and obsolete verses has been brought to 215. This research tries to examine the types of manuscripts by analytical-descriptive method. Thus, the context of the development of the theory of manuscripts in the face of some of Allah's verses, which appeared to be incompatible, was formed, based on this, the jurisprudents put forward the basis of the earlier and later verdicts in the order of descent, and, using this, they eliminated this paradox. Listing conflicting verses, unconscious occasions of obsolete, facilitating unconscious memorization and obsolete, and compiling based on jurisprudential documents, including those of the works of the prescriptions in the early centuries The abrogation in the Quran in the first three centuries have had a general meaning, which. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
756 - Solving linear and nonlinear Volterra Fuzzy Integral Equations System via Differential Transform Method
Mahmoud Paripour Mandana Takrimi -
Open Access Article
757 - Construction of New Implicit Milstein-Type Scheme for Solution of the Systems of SODEs
Hassan Ranjbar Younes Akbari Hadis Derikvandi -
Open Access Article
758 - Numerical Simulation and Methodology Based on Improved Split Step Method for Studying Stochastic Models
Leila Torkzadeh Hassan Ranjbar -
Open Access Article
759 - On Characterizing Solutions of Optimization Problems with Roughness in the Objective Functions
S. A. Edalatpanah Hamiden Abd El- Wahed Khalifa Hashem Saberi Najafi -
Open Access Article
760 - A Method for Solving Linear Systems of Fuzzy Differential Equations under Generalized Hukuhara Differentiability
Mehran Chehlabi Masuod Salehi Sarvestani -
Open Access Article
761 - Investigating the situation of smart primary schools in District 15 of Tehran based on the conceptual model of smart school
Shabnam sadat Akhavan noori Mozhgan Heidari manijeh ahmadi Shaghayegh Sadat Akhavan nooriThe aim of this study was to investigate the status of smart schools based on the conceptual model of smart schools. In terms of implementation, this research is in the category of descriptive survey research.The statistical population of this study includes all smart p MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the status of smart schools based on the conceptual model of smart schools. In terms of implementation, this research is in the category of descriptive survey research.The statistical population of this study includes all smart primary schools in the 15th district of Tehran. Among the 717 teaching staff of these 50 smart schools, the sample size was considered 250 using Krejcie & Morgan table and simple random sampling method.The method of data collection through the distribution of a standard questionnaire was consistent with the evaluation checklist of smart schools of education.Apparent validity method was used to assess the validity of the questionnaire.The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.955, which indicates the high reliability of the questionnaire.The research results have been analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.The results show that smart schools in the 15th district of Tehran are in the early stages of smartening and are at a low level in relation to all 5 pillars of the conceptual model.Therefore, considering all the components of smart schools and applying the research findings can be Play an important role in creating and improving smart schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
762 - Redefining the role of parents in e-learning: elementary school
omolbanin hematipourpurpose of this study is to redefine the role of parents in e-learning. The method of the present research is qualitative and of the data type of the foundation. Library and field methods were used to collect data. The research population consisted of the parents of stu Morepurpose of this study is to redefine the role of parents in e-learning. The method of the present research is qualitative and of the data type of the foundation. Library and field methods were used to collect data. The research population consisted of the parents of students in one of the primary schools in Delijan city, Markazi province, who were selected by purposive non-random sampling method of 15 people. After reaching the theoretical saturation of the data, the process of their analysis was done in three stages of open and axial coding and selective to redefine the role of parents in virtual education. Data validity was ensured through triangulation, confirmation of interview content by the parents themselves, compliance with appropriate requirements with the emergence of the theory of the role of parents in virtual education and data reliability with the participation of experts in data analysis and using a structured process for writing data. Finallythe model of the main role of parents in e-learning was identified with the main categories of provider, facilitator, guide and nurturer. The model can be used as a basis for curriculum design in the education system for efficient and effective management of learning in thefuture Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
763 - Effectiveness of Attachment-based Training with Video Feedback Method on Parental Bonding and Alexithymia of Children with Behavioral Disorder
Morteza Abbasi Seyedeh Olia Emadian Ghodratollah AbbasiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of attachment-based training with video feedback method on parental bonding and alexithymia of children with behavioral disorder. The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test de MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of attachment-based training with video feedback method on parental bonding and alexithymia of children with behavioral disorder. The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design and control group. The statistical population of this study was children aged 10 to 12 years with behavioral disorders (according to the diagnosis of child psychologists or psychiatrists in Sari) and their parents who referred to counseling centers under the supervision of Sari Welfare. 20 people (20 children with one of their parents) in 2 groups of 10 people were selected as a purposive sampling method based on entry and exit criteria. Data collection tools included the Rutter Child Behavior Disorder Questionnaire (1994), the Goodenough Draw-a-Person test (1920), Toronto Alexithymia Questionnaire (2005) and the Pianta (1994) Parent-Child Bonding Questionnaire. Findings of the study using MANCOVA showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the post-test of research variables and attachment-based video feedback training has been able to improve parental bonding and its components, and to decrease alexithymia in children with behavioral disorders. It is concluded that attachment-based training can be used as an effective way to improve parental bonding and to decrease alexithymia of children with behavioral disorders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
764 - The role of wisdom in the formation of an efficient political system in the Islamic Republic of Iran
mohammad hosein agharokh mirabadi Alireza Golshani sharif lakzaeeThis article tries to pay attention to the issue of the efficiency of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the challenges that may exist in this field. The main question of the article is "What is the relationship between this issue and Islamic wisdom in the system of the I MoreThis article tries to pay attention to the issue of the efficiency of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the challenges that may exist in this field. The main question of the article is "What is the relationship between this issue and Islamic wisdom in the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran?" In answer to the above question, the research hypothesis is that "wisdom will increase productivity (efficiency and effectiveness), achieve goals, improve efficiency and durability and consistency of government." The research method is library in terms of data collection and rational, narrative and experimental methods have been used in the position of analysis as needed. The results of the research indicate that wisdom in theory, based on science and thought, and in practice, based on ethics, spirituality, strategy and politics, and the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran to achieve its goals such as the good life of Islam , National unity, deter security and authority, and social justice must be the wisdom of the foundation; Therefore, the Iranian Islamic model of progress as a tool of system efficiency should be defined and regulated based on Islamic wisdom or the above four elements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
765 - Explaining the Role of Oil Price in Development (Beginning, Continuation and End) of Iran-Iraq War (Text in Persian)
Saeed Mirtorabi Mehrangiz Samiei Esmaeil RabieiThe observers and critics of oil and politics are of the belief that where ever there are oil reserve and war occurs، this war is certainly relating to oil. The imposed war of Iraq against Iran occurred between two major oil exporting countries in the Persian Gulf regio MoreThe observers and critics of oil and politics are of the belief that where ever there are oil reserve and war occurs، this war is certainly relating to oil. The imposed war of Iraq against Iran occurred between two major oil exporting countries in the Persian Gulf region، a region in the world which is famous for its enormous oil reserves. Taking into consideration the above fact one can find the link between this war with the wealth and oil revenue of the two countries and also the existing oil in the Persian Gulf region. The present article is trying to examine the relation between oil and the developments relating to commencement، continuation and the end of the war in a systematic and precise manner. The article also examines the impact of oil revenue and the consequences of the change in oil balance in the Persian Gulf after the victory of Islamic revolution on political situation and the calculations of Iraqi leaders and it shows how oil has helped the commencement of the war by Iraq. Likewise the article analyzes the role of oil in supplying the war expenditure and sustaining of economies of Iran and Iraq and the consequences of third oil shock، the intensification of oil tankers war، to show how these conditions had impact on continuation and later end of the war. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
766 - Rentier State, State Run Economy, Political Culture and Social Capital in Iran (1989-2005) (Text in Persian)
Mohammad Hossein Hossein Panahi Ashraf AminiMost of the countries which possess natural resources have revenue separate from taxes from the people and due to this revenue rent seeking and corruption is more prevalent than other countries. It seems that huge revenue earned from export of natural resources has incr MoreMost of the countries which possess natural resources have revenue separate from taxes from the people and due to this revenue rent seeking and corruption is more prevalent than other countries. It seems that huge revenue earned from export of natural resources has increased the tendency of influential people to exploit these resources to their benefit and as a result they are creating a network of supporter-follower to seek rent. With the discovery of oil and turning into the main source of government revenue، the structure of the economy got a rentier shape and the state run economy along with concentration of revenue continued in a new form. The present article by a descriptive analytical method is trying to find the relation of oil rent with state run economy and its impact on political culture and social capital between 1989 and 2005(1368-1384 Iranian years). The finding of the study shows that oil rent has led to state capitalism and this has developed the political culture of supporter-follower and as a result weakened the social capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
767 - An Analysis of the Popular Uprising in the Middle East from the Viewpoint of Oil Political Economy
Seyed Saeed Mirtorabi Abstract The present article tries to study the popular uprising in Arab countries of the Middle East and North Africa by a political economy of oil approach. The article makes use of a multi-variable analytical model that can both explain causes of uprising an More Abstract The present article tries to study the popular uprising in Arab countries of the Middle East and North Africa by a political economy of oil approach. The article makes use of a multi-variable analytical model that can both explain causes of uprising and different directions and outcomes of the events in popular revolt that started in Arab countries from late 2010. The article shows that all the countries of the Middle East and North Africa have similar characteristics that can explain them as dependence on foreign rents. Kind and level of these rents and the extent of dependency on them vary among the countries of the region but the presence of rents is common among them nevertheless that affects the political stability in different ways. The most important question of the article is how political economy of the Middle East oil has affected the popular uprising of the Arab countries and its process of the developments. The underlying hypothesis is that the political economy of oil of the Middle Eastern countries has created a rigid rentier structure and this particular structure has played an important role in popular uprisings. A different mix of oil revenue along with mediatory socio-political variables has led to different directions of political development of the uprisings of the people of the region. The article makes use of new theoretical framework in studies of oil and politics and by the help of it explains different directions of different countries uprisings. The article by the help of descriptive analytical method has analyzed qualitative and quantitative data to test the hypothesis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
768 - The Application of Games Theory in Describing the Elections Competitions
Majid Golparvar Mahdieh ShahabiThe Games theory is a mathematical theory for designing، analyzing، and describing conflicting situations. In this game the players involved، on the basis of certain rules are exposed to several choices. The Games theory is a study instrument for use in different level MoreThe Games theory is a mathematical theory for designing، analyzing، and describing conflicting situations. In this game the players involved، on the basis of certain rules are exposed to several choices. The Games theory is a study instrument for use in different level of analysis، from economic، political and military approaches of the government till individual and group relations. By using this theory one can study the logical behaviour of the players and analyze the strategies that they use and give sound suggestions for improving the choices for achieving maximum benefit and suffering the minimum loss. This theory also introduces a set of related concepts that one can use them as a framework for thought about complilcated phenomena. The basic assumption of the Games theory is rationality of the behaviour and the choices of man. Nowadays the games theory is having application in various social and political fields including elections competitions. In the present article by a descriptive-analytical method and by making use of mathematical calculations tries to explain and analyze how Games theory can be used in illustrating elections competitions( rules، kind of game and the possible strategy). It seems that by determining the strategy، kind of game، consequences، the cost of probability matrice and the equilibrium point of the players based on the rules of the games، one can describe and explain elections competitions. The main question of the article is how can we describe and explain the elections competitions on the basis of Games theory? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
769 - A glassy carbon electrode modified with boron-doped graphene oxide/ polyaspartic acid for electrochemical determination of oxazepam
Maryam Behravan Hossein Aghaie Masoud Giahi Laleh Maleknia -
Open Access Article
770 - اسـتفاده از تجزیـه و تحلیـل تقـارن لـی بـرای معـادلات دیفرانسـیل جزئـی مرتبـه دوم
موسی ایلی جعفر بی آزار زینب آیتیبـه دسـت آوردن راه حـل تحلیلـی یا عددی معادلات دیفرانسـیل کسـری بـه ویژه در سـال هـای اخیر ،یکی از مسـائل مشـکل و چالـش برانگیز در میـان ریاضیدانان و مهندسـان اسـت.هدف از ایـن مقالـه توسـعه روش تقـارن لی برای حـل معادلات دیفرانسـیل جزئی مرتبه دوم بر اسـاس مشـتق کسـری قا Moreبـه دسـت آوردن راه حـل تحلیلـی یا عددی معادلات دیفرانسـیل کسـری بـه ویژه در سـال هـای اخیر ،یکی از مسـائل مشـکل و چالـش برانگیز در میـان ریاضیدانان و مهندسـان اسـت.هدف از ایـن مقالـه توسـعه روش تقـارن لی برای حـل معادلات دیفرانسـیل جزئی مرتبه دوم بر اسـاس مشـتق کسـری قابل انطباق اسـت. برخی از نمونـه هـای عددی برای نشـان دادن رویکرد پیشـنهادی ارائه شـده اسـت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
771 - یک مدل شبکه عصبی بازگشتی برای حل مدل CCR در تحلیل پوششی داده ها
معصومه عباسی عباس قماشیدر این مقاله ما یک شبکه عصبی برای حل مدل CCR در تحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) معرفی می کنیم. مدل شبکه عصبی پیشنهادی از یک مسئله مینیمم سازی نامقید حاصل می شود. از دیدگاه تئوری، نشان داده می شود که شبکه عصبی پیشنهادی به مفهوم لیاپانف پایدار و همگرای عمومی به جواب بهینه مدل C Moreدر این مقاله ما یک شبکه عصبی برای حل مدل CCR در تحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) معرفی می کنیم. مدل شبکه عصبی پیشنهادی از یک مسئله مینیمم سازی نامقید حاصل می شود. از دیدگاه تئوری، نشان داده می شود که شبکه عصبی پیشنهادی به مفهوم لیاپانف پایدار و همگرای عمومی به جواب بهینه مدل CCR می باشد. مدل پیشنهادی ساختار تک لایه دارد. با یک مثال عددی موثر بودن مدل پیشنهادی برای حل مدل CCR در DEA نشان داده می شود. Manuscript profile -
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772 - بهینه سازی معادلات دیفرانسیل خنثی با استفاده از روش MHAM و RSK
شادان صدیق بهزادیدر این مقاله، یک معادله دیفرانسیل خام غیرخطی با استفاده از روش تکراری Rosenbrock، روش تحلیلی Homotype و روش سری قدرت حل شده است. حل تقریبی این معادله در قالب مجموعه ای محاسبه می شود که اجزای آن با استفاده از روابط بازگشتی محاسبه می شوند. برخی از نمونه های عددی برای نشان Moreدر این مقاله، یک معادله دیفرانسیل خام غیرخطی با استفاده از روش تکراری Rosenbrock، روش تحلیلی Homotype و روش سری قدرت حل شده است. حل تقریبی این معادله در قالب مجموعه ای محاسبه می شود که اجزای آن با استفاده از روابط بازگشتی محاسبه می شوند. برخی از نمونه های عددی برای نشان دادن دقت روش های ارائه شده مورد مطالعه قرار می گیرند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
773 - یک روش برای حل مسائل برنامه ریزی درجه دوم محدب بر پایه معادلات جبری- دیفرانسیلی
معصومه عباسیدر این مقاله، یک مدل بر پایه معادلات جبری دیفرانسیلی برای حل مسائل برنامه ریزی درجه دوم محدب پیشنهاد می گردد. ثابت می شود رهیافت جدید تضمین می نماید که جواب بهینه برای حل این کلاس از مسائل بهینه سازی را تولید نماید. این مقاله همچنین نشان می دهد روش های نقطه درونی سنتی ب Moreدر این مقاله، یک مدل بر پایه معادلات جبری دیفرانسیلی برای حل مسائل برنامه ریزی درجه دوم محدب پیشنهاد می گردد. ثابت می شود رهیافت جدید تضمین می نماید که جواب بهینه برای حل این کلاس از مسائل بهینه سازی را تولید نماید. این مقاله همچنین نشان می دهد روش های نقطه درونی سنتی برای حل مسائل برنامه ریزی درجه دوم محدب می توانند به عنوان حالت ویژه ای از روش های معادلات جبری دیفرانسیلی جدید دیده شوند. نتایج عددی کارایی مدل پیشنهادی را نشان می دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
774 - Shifted Chebyshev approach for the solution of delay Fredholm and Volterra integro-differential equations via perturbed Galerkin method
Kazeem Issa Jafar Biazar Babatunde Yisa -
Open Access Article
775 - تصمیمسازی ورود و توسعه دو نوع فناوری HVDC و EHVAC برای ایران با استفاده از الگوریتم تصمیمسازی MULTIMOORA
Ali Aranizadeh Mehrzad Kazemi Homayoun Barahmandpour mirpouya mirmozaffariامروزه جمعیت در مناطق شهری روزبهروز در حال افزایش است و نیاز مصرف نیز به همان شدت افزایش مییابد. این حجم از مصرف، نیاز به مراکز تولید توان با حجم انبوه را نیز طلب میکند که این دو عامل خود موجب گرایش تکنولوژی به سمت سیستمهای انتقال توان با ظرفیت بالا خواهد شد. در این Moreامروزه جمعیت در مناطق شهری روزبهروز در حال افزایش است و نیاز مصرف نیز به همان شدت افزایش مییابد. این حجم از مصرف، نیاز به مراکز تولید توان با حجم انبوه را نیز طلب میکند که این دو عامل خود موجب گرایش تکنولوژی به سمت سیستمهای انتقال توان با ظرفیت بالا خواهد شد. در این میان دو نوع فناوری انتقال توان الکتریکی HVDC و EHVAC قابل بررسی خواهد بود. منتهی هر یک از این دو نوع فناوری همچنان در کشور ایران استفاده نشده است و برهمین اساس میبایست تصمیمی جهت ورود و توسعه هر یک از این فناوریها گرفته شود. همچنین ورود هردوی این فناوریها نیز به-صرفه نخواهد بود. در نتیجه در این مقاله به تصمیمگیری در مورد انتخاب ورود و توسعه یکی از دو نوع فناوری HVDC و EHVAC خواهیم پرداخت. برای این منظور ابتدا معیارهای این انتخاب را به تفصیل بیان کرده و سپس با استفاده از الگوریتم تصمیمسازی مالتی-مورا، به تصمیمگیری نهایی خواهیم رسید. Manuscript profile -
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776 - یک الگوریتم فراابتکاری برای بهینه سازی تصمیمات بلند مدت و میان مدت در طراحی شبکه لجستیک
رضا بابازادهامروزه ، صنایع به منظور دستیابی به بیشترین سهم بازارها و رضایت مشتری به دنبال راه هایی برای بهبود رقابت و پاسخگویی خود هستند. بهینه سازی تصمیمات استراتژیک و تاکتیکی در یک شبکه لجستیک عملکرد کل زنجیره تأمین را در یک افق برنامه ریزی بلند مدت بهبود می بخشد. در این مقاله یک Moreامروزه ، صنایع به منظور دستیابی به بیشترین سهم بازارها و رضایت مشتری به دنبال راه هایی برای بهبود رقابت و پاسخگویی خود هستند. بهینه سازی تصمیمات استراتژیک و تاکتیکی در یک شبکه لجستیک عملکرد کل زنجیره تأمین را در یک افق برنامه ریزی بلند مدت بهبود می بخشد. در این مقاله یک مدل برنامه ریزی خطی مخلوط عدد صحیح (MILP) برای بهینه سازی شبکه های لجستیک تحت محدودیت های واقعی مانند تقاضا ، ظرفیت و محدودیت های بودجه ارائه شده است. با توجه به ماهیت سخت NP مدل پیشنهادی ، الگوریتم فراابتکاری (DE) برای حل اندازه های بزرگ مدل ارائه شده در زمان مناسب پیشنهاد شده است. سرانجام ، نتایج محاسباتی به دست آمده از طریق الگوریتم DE با راه حلهای به دست آمده توسط نرم افزار بهینه سازی GAMS مقایسه می شود. نتایج نشان می دهد که روش پیشنهادی ابزاری کارآمد برای بهینه سازی شبکه های لجستیک در مقیاس بزرگ است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
777 - جواب تقریبی مدلی از عفونت HIVCD4+T از مرتبه کسری غیر خطی با استفاده از روش تابع پایه شعاعی ربع دیفرانسیلی
کوکب چلمبری حمیده ابراهیمی زینب آیاتیIn this research, differential quadrature radial basis functions Method is performed to a fractional order model of HIV infection of CD4+T. Here, Caputo fractional derivative is used and it is approximated by forward finite difference method. Results have been compared MoreIn this research, differential quadrature radial basis functions Method is performed to a fractional order model of HIV infection of CD4+T. Here, Caputo fractional derivative is used and it is approximated by forward finite difference method. Results have been compared with the results of Laplace Adomian decomposition method (LADM), Laplace Adomian decomposition method-pade (LADM-pade), Runge-Kutta, Variational iteration method (VIM) and Variational iteration method-pade (VIM-Pade) for α_1=α_2=α_3 and residual functions have been plotted. And also approximate solutions of suggested method for different order of fractional derivatives have been shown. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
778 - A BACKWARD DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA FOR THIRD-ORDER INITIAL OR BOUNDARY VALUES PROBLEMS USING COLLOCATION METHOD
GAFAR TIAMIYU Abosede COLE KHADEEJAH AUDU -
Open Access Article
779 - حل عددی معادلات دیفرانسیل کسری زمانی فوکر-پلانک -کولموگروف با استفاده از روش موجک هار و بررسی همگرایی و خطا
شعبان محمدی S. Reza Hejaziهدف از این مقاله ارائه یک روش عددی کارآمد برای یافتن جواب های عددی معادلات دیفرانسیل کسری-زمانی فوکر-پلانک-کلموگروف است. موج هار اولین بار بود که معرفی شد. معادله دیفرانسیل کسری زمان فوکر-پلانک-کلموگروف با استفاده از ماتریس عملیات موجک هار در این تکنیک به معادله خطی تبد Moreهدف از این مقاله ارائه یک روش عددی کارآمد برای یافتن جواب های عددی معادلات دیفرانسیل کسری-زمانی فوکر-پلانک-کلموگروف است. موج هار اولین بار بود که معرفی شد. معادله دیفرانسیل کسری زمان فوکر-پلانک-کلموگروف با استفاده از ماتریس عملیات موجک هار در این تکنیک به معادله خطی تبدیل می شود. این روش این مزیت را دارد که حل آن ساده است. شبیه سازی با استفاده از نرم افزار MATLAB انجام شده است. در نهایت، استراتژی پیشنهادی برای حل مشکلات خاص مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که روش عددی پیشنهادی هنگام استفاده از معادلات دیفرانسیل کسر زمانی فوکر-پلانک-کلموگروف بسیار دقیق و موثر است. نتایج برخی از مثالهای عددی به صورت جدول و نمودار مستند شده است تا کارایی و دقت روش پیشنهادی را توضیح دهد. علاوه بر این، برای همگرایی تکنیک پیشنهادی، نابرابری در زمینه تحلیل خطا به دست میآید Manuscript profile -
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780 - تقارنهای لی ، خود الحاقی و قوانین بقا معادله مونج آمپر
زهرا مومن نژاد مهدی نجفی خواهاین مقاله معادله دو بعدی بسط یافته مونج آمپر را با روش لی بررسی میکند. تقارنهای لس معادله مونج آمپر یافته شدند و روش خود الحاقی غیر خطی برای این معادله در نظر گرفته شده است. با بکارگیری روش ابراگیموف و عملگرهای نوتر، مجموعه بی نهایتی از قوانین پایستگی وابسته به تقارنهای Moreاین مقاله معادله دو بعدی بسط یافته مونج آمپر را با روش لی بررسی میکند. تقارنهای لس معادله مونج آمپر یافته شدند و روش خود الحاقی غیر خطی برای این معادله در نظر گرفته شده است. با بکارگیری روش ابراگیموف و عملگرهای نوتر، مجموعه بی نهایتی از قوانین پایستگی وابسته به تقارنهای لی معادله مونج-آمپر استخراج میشوند. مقادیر بقا متناظر از چگالی های مربوطه به ترتیب محاسبه شده اند. Manuscript profile -
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781 - SOLUTION OF FUZZY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS UNDER GENERALIZED DIFFERENTIABILITY BY ADOMIAN DECOMPOSITION METHOD
ت. اللهویرانلو ل. جمشیدی -
Open Access Article
782 - A NOTE ON THE AVERAGING METHOD FOR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH MAXIMA
Victor Plotnikov Olga Kichmarenko -
Open Access Article
783 - COMPARING NUMERICAL METHODS FOR THE SOLUTION OF THE DAMPED FORCED OSCILLATOR PROBLEM
ع.ر وحیدی ق. اسدی کردشولی ز. عظیم زاده -
Open Access Article
784 - SOLVING NONLINEAR KLEIN-GORDON EQUATION WITH A QUADRATIC NONLINEAR TERM USING HOMOTOPY ANALYSIS METHOD
H. جعفری م. سعیدی م. عرب فیروزجایی -
Open Access Article
785 - APPLICATION OF EXP-FUNCTION METHOD TO THE (2+1)-DIMENSIONAL CALOGERO BOGOYAVLANSKII SCHIFF EQUATION
Z. آیتی ج. بی آزار -
Open Access Article
786 - THE FULL AVERAGING OF FUZZY DIFFERENTIAL INCLUSIONS
Natalia Skripnik -
Open Access Article
787 - On the averaging of differential inclusions with Fuzzy right hand side with the average of the right hand side is absent
Andrej Plotnikov Tatyana Komleva Lilia Plotnikova -
Open Access Article
788 - Analytic-Approximate Solution For An Integro- Differential Equation Arising In Oscillating Magnetic Fields Using Homotopy Analysis Method
H. صابری نیک S. عفتی ر. بوژآبادی -
Open Access Article
789 - Exact solutions for wave-like equations by differential transform method
ج. بی آزار م. اسلامی -
Open Access Article
790 - Utilization of a 17 Microsatellites Set For Bovine Traceability in Czech Cattle Populations
L. Putnova I. Vrtkova P. Srubarova L. Stehlik -
Open Access Article
791 - Pancreatic Differentiation of Sox 17 Knock-in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells in Vitro
E. Chronowska -
Open Access Article
792 - اثر تزریق درون تخم مرغی مهارکننده های آروماتاز بر بازدهی تولیدی جوجه های
ت. مکرمی ب. نویدشاد ن. هدایت ایوریق ف. میرزائی آقجه قشلاقتغییر نسبت­های جنسی جوجه­ های گوشتی دارای مزایای اقتصادی زیادی در صنعت طیور است. گنادها در جنین جوجه در مراحل اولیه قابلیت تبدیل به هر دو جنس (نر و ماده) را دار هستند. تمایز جنسی به دلیل بیان آروماتاز در گناد چپ در روزهای 6-5 دوره جنینی و تولید استروژن از تستستر Moreتغییر نسبت­های جنسی جوجه­ های گوشتی دارای مزایای اقتصادی زیادی در صنعت طیور است. گنادها در جنین جوجه در مراحل اولیه قابلیت تبدیل به هر دو جنس (نر و ماده) را دار هستند. تمایز جنسی به دلیل بیان آروماتاز در گناد چپ در روزهای 6-5 دوره جنینی و تولید استروژن از تستسترون انجام می­گیرد. مصرف مهارکننده ­های آروماتاز مانع سنتز استروژن در پرنده­ های ماده با ژنوتیپ ماده و تولید نرهایی با ژنوتیپ ماده می­ شود. در این مطالعه، اثر تزریق درون تخم مرغی 0.1 میلی­گرم عصاره قارچ خوراکی، عصاره گزنه و فدرازول هیدروکلراید به عنوان مهارکننده آروماتاز در روز پنجم دوره جوجهکشی بر قابلیت جوجهدرآوری، تلفات جنینی و بازدهی تولیدی جوجه­های تفریخ شده مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که هیچ تفاوت معنیداری در قابلیت جوجه­درآوری، تلفات جنینی طی دوره جوجهکشی و وزن جوجه­های تفریخ شده وجود نداشت. مصرف خوراک و افزایش وزن روزانه در جوجه­های تفریخ شده از گروههای تزریق شده با عصاره قارچ و فدرازول هیدروکلراید بالاتر از دو گروه دیگر بود (0.05>P). همچنین، تزریق درون تخم مرغی عصاره قارچ، عصاره گزنه یا فدرازول هیدروکلرابد اثری بر درصد لاشه و اندامهای داخلی ایجاد ننمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
793 - کاربرد توابع سینوسی برای تفکیک مصرف پروتئین خام و انرژی مصرفی بین نگهداری و رشد در هسته والدینی جوجههای گوشتی
ح. درمانی کوهی اس. لوپز آ. شعبانپور آ. محیط س. فلاحی جی. فرانسبیشتر مدل­های توسعه­یافته­در حد ظرفیت ژنتیکی رشد طیور خطی هستند. به هرحال، مدل­های خطی پایه­ریزی شده براساس مقادیر ثابت راندمان استفاده از مواد مغذی به ­طور مناسبی بیانگر فرایندهای ژنتیکی دخیل در رشد طیور نیستند. بنابراین، یک تناقض بین تئوری­ Moreبیشتر مدل­های توسعه­یافته­در حد ظرفیت ژنتیکی رشد طیور خطی هستند. به هرحال، مدل­های خطی پایه­ریزی شده براساس مقادیر ثابت راندمان استفاده از مواد مغذی به ­طور مناسبی بیانگر فرایندهای ژنتیکی دخیل در رشد طیور نیستند. بنابراین، یک تناقض بین تئوری­های پذیرفته شده و فرضیات مدل­های ریاضی برای پیش­بینی و آنالیز نیازمندی­ها آشکار است. از آنجایی که پاسخ حیوان به انرژی، پروتئین و اسیدهای آمینه ضروری یک فرایند خطی-منحنی است، بنابراین بایستی به همین نحو برای تخمین سطوح مطلوب اقتصادی ارزیابی شوند. موضوع این مطالعه بکارگیری دو تابع سینوسی با رفتار خطی-منحنی برای تخمین نیازمندی­های انرژی متابولیسمی و پروتئین خام برای نگهداری و رشد در گله­های هسته جوجه­های گوشتی بود. توابع مدنظر با استفاده از رگرسیون غیر خطی برای تخمین پارامترهای استفاده شده جهت محاسبه مشخصه­های بیولوژیکی برازش داده شدند. نتایج برازش توابع به داده­ها و عملکرد آماری آنها و معنی­داری بیولوژیکی تخمین­های پارامتری، قابلیت مدل­ها را در توصیف ارتباط بین انرژی (یا پروتئین) و افزایش وزن بدن را در هسته­های والدینی جوجه­های گوشتی نشان داد. نیازمندی­های نگهداری تخمین زده شده و مقادیر تعیین شده از نیازمندی­های انرژی و پروتئین برای افزایش وزن در مطابقت با مقادیر گزارش شده توسط سایر محققین بوده ­است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
794 - همبستگی بین صفات رشد و تولید در نژادهای مختلف بز
ر. خانداکر م.ک.ای. خان م.م. ممیناین مطالعه با هدف برآورد همبستگی­های ژنتیکی و فنوتیپی بین اندازه­های بدنی، وزن بدن، فاصله زایش، نرخ زایش و تولید شیر در نژادهای مختلف بز صورت گرفته است. داده­ها از 95 رأس بز از سه نژاد (جاموناپوری، بنگال سیاه و آمیخته­های آنها (جاموناپوری×بنگال سیا Moreاین مطالعه با هدف برآورد همبستگی­های ژنتیکی و فنوتیپی بین اندازه­های بدنی، وزن بدن، فاصله زایش، نرخ زایش و تولید شیر در نژادهای مختلف بز صورت گرفته است. داده­ها از 95 رأس بز از سه نژاد (جاموناپوری، بنگال سیاه و آمیخته­های آنها (جاموناپوری×بنگال سیاه)) با مشاهده و اندازه­گیری مستقیم جمع­آوری گردید. میانگین وزن بدن در بزهای جاموناپوری برابر با 33/3 ± 75/34 کیلوگرم بوده که بیشتر از بنگال سیاه (332/5±54/27 کیلوگرم) است. مشاهدات حاکی از آن است که بز جاموناپوری با تولید شیر 187/0 ± 65/0 لیتر در هر روز، تولید بیشتری در مقایسه با بنگال سیاه (094/0±50/0 لیتر در هر روز) داشته و این موضوع ناشی از طول دوره شیردهی طولاتی­تر در این نژاد است. نرخ زایش و فاصله زایش در جاموناپوری به ترتیب برابر با 466/0 ± 33/1 و 19/11 ± 27/233 روز بوده، در آمیخته­ها به ترتیب برابر با 555/0 ± 475/1 و 23/17 ± 94/247 روز و در بنگال سیاه به ترتیب 75/1 و 57/16 ± 83/160 روز بوده است. برآورد وراثت­پذیری برای وزن بدن، تولید شیر و تولید شیر در طی دوره شیردهی برای همه نژادهای بز به ترتیب 29/0 تا 32/0، 25/0 تا 20/0 و 30/0 تا 32/0 بوده است. همبستگی ژنتیکی (rg) و همبستگی فنوتیپی (rp) وزن بدن با همه صفات به غیر از همبستگی ژنتیکی با تولید شیر در طی دوره شیردهی، مثبت بوده است. طول بدن همبستگی فنوتیپی مثبتی با تولید در طی دوره شیردهی داشته و همبستگی ژنتیکی منفی با تولید شیر و تولید در طی دوره شیردهی داشته است. ارتفاع بدن همبستگی فنوتیپی منفی با نرخ زایش، فاصله زایش، تولید شیر و تولید در طی دوره شیردهی داشته و همبستگی ژنتیکی مثبت تنها با فاصله زایش در همه نژادها داشته است. همبستگی­های مثبت و بالا (هم ژنتیکی و هم فنوتیپی) پیش­بینی­ کننده­های مهمی برای صفات اصلاحی هستند. بنابراین این همبستگی­ها می­توانند ابزارهای ارزشمندی در طراحی راهبردهای انتخاب یا حذف برای کارآیی بهبود یافته بزها باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
795 - کاربرد نشانگرهای میکروساتلایت برای آزمون تأیید والدین در گلههای گوسفند آمیخته
ک. کسرایی س.ع. رافت آ. جوانمرد ج. شجاع م. عبدالسعید م. خان سفیددر حیوانات مزرعه، آزمون انساب از ابزارهای ژنتیکی کلیدی، برای تعیین دقت و صحت اطلاعات شجره ثبت شده میباشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، ارزیابی و استفاده از سیستم تکثیر همزمان (گروهی) 14 جایگاه میکروساتلایت برای انجام یک آزمون معمول شناسایی والدین میباشد. بدین منظور، 24 نتاج آمی Moreدر حیوانات مزرعه، آزمون انساب از ابزارهای ژنتیکی کلیدی، برای تعیین دقت و صحت اطلاعات شجره ثبت شده میباشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، ارزیابی و استفاده از سیستم تکثیر همزمان (گروهی) 14 جایگاه میکروساتلایت برای انجام یک آزمون معمول شناسایی والدین میباشد. بدین منظور، 24 نتاج آمیخته از نژادهای گوسفندان قزل × بلوچی، بلوچی × قزل × مرینوس و بلوچی × مغانی × مرینوس و والدین نسبت داده شده به آنها برای ادامه پژوهش انتخاب شدند. استخراج DNA ژنومی با استفاده از نمونههای خون کامل و از طریق الکترورز کاپیلاری برای جایگاههای انتخاب شده، تعیین ژنوتیپ شد. بالاترین سیستم مولتیپلکس طراحی شده متعلق به گروه جایگاههای میکروساتلایت پنج گانهILSTS0049 ، MCM512، BMC1009، BM148 و CSSM032 بود که نتایج شارپ و تکرارپذیری را تولید میکرد. کارآیی نشانگرهای انتخاب شده در این مطالعه در گام اول با استفاده از شاخصهای همچون، تعداد الل مشاهده شده، فراوانی اللی، محتوای اطلاعات چندشکلی، هتروزیگوتی مورد مشاهده و مورد انتظار و احتمال حذف یک فرد از شجره با استفاده از نرم افزارهای پاپ ژن و CERVUS ارزیابی شد. ارزشهای مشاهده شده برای سه شاخص میانگین هتروزیگوتی، محتوای اطلاعات چندشکلی و تعداد اللهای مشاهده شده در کل این چهارده جایگاه به ترتیب 60/0، 58/0 و 93/4 بود. بر اساس الگوی توارثی مندلی جایگاههای مورد مطالعه، قدرت و دقت شاخص احتمال حذف یک فرد از شجره در حدود 999/0 برآورد گردید. نتایج این پژوهش به روشنی نشان داده که یکی از نتایج منتسب به والدین شناخته شده بر اساس مقایسه الگوهای باندی و ژنوتیپ والدین و این فرد تعیین ژنوتیپ شده ثبت اشتباه شده است (خطای شجره). در نهایت استفاده از سیستم تکثیر گروهی جایگاهها و سیستم الکترورز مویینه (کاپیلاری) میتواند روشی دقیق، سریع و مقرون به صرفه برای تأیید والدین و شناسایی نتاج آنها برای انجام آزمون تأیید والدین در گلههای مردمی گوسفند میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
796 - Explaining the role of technological innovation in the strategic position of the organization(Case of study: Esfahan ́s Mobarakeh Steel Company in Iran)
Manzar Sobhani Mehr Mohammad Mahmoodi MeymandConsidering the ever-increasing progress of various technologies and their importance for the survival and international competition of companies in various industries, it is very important to formulate and implement the correct and appropriate strategies of each organi MoreConsidering the ever-increasing progress of various technologies and their importance for the survival and international competition of companies in various industries, it is very important to formulate and implement the correct and appropriate strategies of each organization according to its special technological capacities and capabilities. This study aims to identify the technological innovation components of the organization and examine their role in the strategic position of the organization. For the present study, quantitative research method (questionnaire) and interview tool were used in order to extract part of the required information. The statistical community of the research is the Esfahan's Mobarakeh Steel Company, and the experimental data were analyzed using structural equation modeling by Lisrel software. The results of this research show that there are positive and significant relationships between the components of technological innovation and the strategic position of the organization. In other words, for policymaking and improvement of technological innovation factors in organizations, appropriate strategies can be used for each of them. Therefore, in order to gain a superior competitive position, Esfahan's Mobarakeh Steel Complex must apply the factors of technological innovation at the same time using the right and appropriate strategies and be innovative and progressive. Also, a model was presented to investigate the relationship between the components, which was confirmed according to the research results. Based on the findings of this research, the output factors of technological innovation have the least effect on the cost strategy of this company compared to other components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
797 - Effects of Paclobutrazol and 24-Epibrassinolide on some morphological and biochemical characteristics of Salvia Officinalis under different irrigation regimes
Elham Maghsoudi Hossein Abbaspour Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti Sakine Saeidi-Sar -
Open Access Article
798 - A study on the Evolution of Didactic literature in contemporary poetry in Line with Social Evolution
Rahim Kooshesh Fateme Modarresi Zahra NooriDidactic Literature has been a popular literary form since the beginning until now and has also entered a variety of literary genres and in every literary period, according to the Evolution style of that period, has a slow transformation. With the Constitution Revolutio MoreDidactic Literature has been a popular literary form since the beginning until now and has also entered a variety of literary genres and in every literary period, according to the Evolution style of that period, has a slow transformation. With the Constitution Revolution and the Evolution of the theoretical foundations of poetry, Didactic literary has experienced a basic Evolution. The most striking development was that it effects of social-political evolution and Didactic literature of social morality were promoted, according to social-political evolution, Fight against colonialism and autarchy was prominent in the Didactic literature. in This article, four main Currents of contemporary poetry: The Constitutional Poetry, the contemporary Traditionalists Current, the New Poetry Current, and Resistance Current have been studied in style of this evolution. The results show social-political evolution in all currents has influenced didactic literature and have led it to protest and to the Resistance literature. In Constitutional Current, the New Poetry Current, and Resistance Current, the frequency of social Didactic is more, but in the contemporary Traditionalist Current, is less. In all currents, the poet's view of the moral standards Has changed in accordance with social changes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
799 - A New Model for Analysis of Unusual Mal-Operation of Differential Protection Due to the Ultra-Saturation Phenomenon during the Loaded Power Transformer Energization
Bahram Noshad -
Open Access Article
800 - Novel Hybrid Fuzzy-Evolutionary Algorithms for Optimization of a Fuzzy Expert System Applied to Dust Phenomenon Forecasting Problem
Somayeh Ghanbari Rahil Hosseini Mahdi Mazinani -
Open Access Article
801 - A Hybrid Algorithm Based on Firefly Algorithm and Differential Evolution for Global Optimization
Sosan Sarbazfard Ahmad Jafarian -
Open Access Article
802 - Determination of a New Model to Study Ultra-Saturation Phenomenon During the Loaded Power Transformer Energization and its Effect on Differential
Bahram Noshad -
Open Access Article
803 - Increasing the Accuracy of Recommender Systems Using the Combination of K-Means and Differential Evolution Algorithms
Ali Pazahr -
Open Access Article
804 - Neural Network Model Based on The Control for Transient Stability and Low-Frequency Oscillation in Power System Operation
Amir Bagheran Sharbaf Ali Asghar Shojaei -
Open Access Article
805 - A Novel Approach for Discrimination Magnetizing Inrush Current and Internal Fault in Power Transformers Based on Neural Network
Mehran Taghipour-Gorjikolaie Mohammad Yazdani-Asrami S. Asghar Gholamian S. Mohammad Razavi -
Open Access Article
806 - High-Accurate Low-Voltage Analog CMOS Current Divider Modify by Neural Network and TLBO Algorithm
Behzad Ghanavati -
Open Access Article
807 - Intelligent Determining Amount of Inter-Turn Stator Winding Fault in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using an Artificial Neural Network Trained by Improved Gravitational Search Algorithm
Mehran Taghipour-gorjikolaie Seyyed Mohammad Razavi Mohammad Ali ShamsiNejad -
Open Access Article
808 - Cognition and Analysis the Development Currents of Infrastructure (Case study: Rural Areas of North Khorasan province)
leila sayyad bidhendi farhad barandakAmong the signs of non-development are the existence of inequality and its various aspects for the resolving of which we have to consider how development indicators in different levels are distributed. In this study, prometheus model, which is a flexible model in quanti MoreAmong the signs of non-development are the existence of inequality and its various aspects for the resolving of which we have to consider how development indicators in different levels are distributed. In this study, prometheus model, which is a flexible model in quantitative and qualitative data analysis, has been used and it has been tried to create the best understanding of variables. In accordance with Prometheus approach, along with the concepts of prioritization, ranking, classification, rating and ranking options, the concept of "flow Packaging of Places" named. In this cross-sectional study to assess the rural areas of counties of North Khorasan in the period 2011 (according to the latest published official data) in terms of indices of development of energy infrastructure and communications, is used Prometheus version 2 that has a Packaging approach. Indicators derived from official sources (such as the Encyclopedia of Counties province), is tuned as a proportion and to their weighting is used network analysis method. The research approach and using the tools VP, assessment and integrated view of the development of the province (as an option), according to analysis by GAIA and practical GAIAWEB. To data analysis was done using Visual PROMETHEE and Super Decision software. In accordance with the overall results obtained from the comparative cities, only two township has a positive net worth, which in the meantime, the township of Jajaram a net outflow of 0.098, has highest enjoyment of infrastructure facilities in rural areas. To balance the province, according to the priority areas, in accordance with the results of this study are important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
809 - The role of political economy components in the spatial organization of Rasht metropolis
Hossein Mehr Sabet esmaei aliakbari tuba Amirazodi Ahmad Pourahmad Hamidreza joodakiCities are the place of connection and spatial organization of forces and natural, social, economic and physical processes in the context of the geographical environment that form the various relations and currents of man and the environment that govern the political sy MoreCities are the place of connection and spatial organization of forces and natural, social, economic and physical processes in the context of the geographical environment that form the various relations and currents of man and the environment that govern the political system. Meanwhile, political economy and its components are one of the influential indicators on the changes and transformations of urban spaces. The purpose of this study is to identify the effective components of political economy on spatial organization of Rasht metropolis. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical. Multi-criteria technique (Dematel) has been used to identify the effective and efficient components of political economy on the spatial organization of Rasht metropolis. Findings indicate that among the economic, physical and political-managerial components of political economy, land rent variables, to create commercial (economic) centers; Changes in the distribution system of land uses (physical) and the variable of not dealing with land rent in the urban management system (political-managerial) have the most effective role in the spatial organization of Rasht metropolis, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
810 - They analyze of supply and demand home in Tehran one Zone
rahmatollah farhoodi ali karim khanHousing problem is one of the outcomes industrialization and urbanization. Slum areas in developing countries are seen as a sign of seriousness of urban housing problems. Iran also a developing country which has been on the verge of changing from a traditional farming e MoreHousing problem is one of the outcomes industrialization and urbanization. Slum areas in developing countries are seen as a sign of seriousness of urban housing problems. Iran also a developing country which has been on the verge of changing from a traditional farming economy to an industrialized and urban economy since 1340,s has been a witness on the formation of urban problems especially in the housing sector. At the present time the demand for housing is higher than its supply, hence limited availability of housing, high price of property, and high rents has becomes a major problem in large cities like Tehran and as relevant to this paper in the Tehran's first district. Tehran as the First city of the country has always been facing lack of housing and hence high property prices. This hypothesis by its own is comprised of 4 sub categories. These hypothesis are based on information gathered from 100 questioners field by family's residing in the district and have been analyzed using SPSS software and by Pearson and kaydo (Chi square) methods. Despite the positive relevance between the unbalance supply and demand in housing sector (not owning privet property) in the study area and the migration issue the severest of this relation is at 99% between the two variables. However the relation concerning the impact of nominated land use to housing supply and demand stands at 95% and hence due to lack of relevance is not confirmed .The relationship concerning the nominated land use defined for commercial and service sector to the supply and demand of housing stands at 95% and not confirmed. The relevance between housing supply and demand to nominated land use for health and medical facilities also stands at 95% and a positive relation is confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
811 - Ficus Benjamina L., Iba, Media, Rooting
Maryam Shirzad Shahram Sedaghathoor Davood HashemabadiFicus benjaminais a very popular and resistant indoor plant in temperate areas. Cutting is the easiest propagation method of this plant and it requires special treatments such as auxin and appropriate rooting medium. In order to test the suitable auxin (IBA) concentrati MoreFicus benjaminais a very popular and resistant indoor plant in temperate areas. Cutting is the easiest propagation method of this plant and it requires special treatments such as auxin and appropriate rooting medium. In order to test the suitable auxin (IBA) concentration and rooting media, a factorial experiment carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental two factors were different concentrations of IBA (0, 2000, 4000 and 6000 ppm) and rooting media (sand, perlite and sand+perlite mixture). Rooting percentage, root number and longest root length was evaluated. Based on the results both rooting percent and longest root length were gained under 4000 ppm IBA. Rooting percent was maximized in combined treatment of "4000 ppm IBA+perlite" and "6000 ppm IBA+ sand". The high number of roots was gained in "6000 ppm IBA+sand". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
812 - Performance evaluation and economics of production of rabbits fed graded levels of glyricidia leaf protein concentrate as replacement for groundnut cake protein
M.H, Ogunsipe A.S, Akinbani I, Ibidapo -
Open Access Article
813 - Study of assimilate remobilization as affected by heat stress in rice cultivars in north of Khuzestan
Abdolali Gilani1 Seyed Ataallah Siadat2 Sami Jalali3 Kaveh Limouchi4An experiment was carried out to study of heat stress on assimilate remobilization of rice in north of Khuzestan province in a split-plot arrangement using randomized complete blokes design with three replication in 2006 and 2007 at Shavoor Agricultural Research Station MoreAn experiment was carried out to study of heat stress on assimilate remobilization of rice in north of Khuzestan province in a split-plot arrangement using randomized complete blokes design with three replication in 2006 and 2007 at Shavoor Agricultural Research Station, Dependent in Research Center of Agricultural and Natural Resources of Khuzestan. For exposing rice cultivars to different higher temperature regimes, main plot were assigned to three sowing dates from 5 May, 26 May and 16 Jun and cultivars were; Hoveizeh, Hamar (heat tolerance) Ghermez Anbori, Champa (heat sensitive) and Danial (relatively heat tolerant) were in sub-plots. Results showed that the highest dry matter redistribution was in Ghermez Anbori and heat tolerant cultivars. The grain, stem and leaf portions were significant on sowing date and cultivars. The second and third planting dates and heat tolerant cultivars had higher content. The highest remobilization, current photosynthesis and the portion of organs in filling grain yield were 1140.8 kg.ha-1, 3923.3 kg.ha-1, and 22.5%, respectively, in 26 May planting. But the highest share portion of current photosynthesis in grain yield was in 5 may in the planting date. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
814 - Evaluation of the effect of planting date on yield and dry matter remobilization of wheat cultivars
Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Mahboubeh RanjbarIn order to evaluate different planting dates in wheat cultivars on yield and remobilization of dry matter in the crop year 1396-97 in Ahvaz in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. the main factor included three planting MoreIn order to evaluate different planting dates in wheat cultivars on yield and remobilization of dry matter in the crop year 1396-97 in Ahvaz in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. the main factor included three planting dates of December 11, 31 December and January 20 and the sub-factor included four bread wheat cultivars Chamran-2, Sirvan, Mehregan and Chamran. the results showed that the effect of planting date and cultivar on current photosynthesis rate, current photosynthesis efficiency, remobilization rate and remobilization efficiency was significant at 1% level and the interaction effect of planting date and cultivar on grain yield and biological yield was significant at 1% level. the highest grain yield was obtained on planting date of December 11 and Chamran-2 cultivar (5420 kg/ha) while the lowest grain yield was obtained on planting date of 31 December and Sirvan cultivar (2660 kg/ha). the highest amount of remobilization was obtained from the date of planting on December 11 (153.45 g/m2) and the lowest rate was obtained from the date of planting on January 20 (100.25 g/m2). as a result, the planting date of December 11 was superior to other planting dates due to the provision of suitable temperature and radiation conditions in the vegetative and reproductive period and its favorable effect on yield and dry matter transfer of wheat in Chamran-2 cultivar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
815 - Investigating the Relationship Between Different Dimensions of Religiousness and Political Participation among Citizens of Izeh City
Sayyed Hassan Malaekeh Elham AmirifarAbstractThe influence of religion as one of the most important factors in the expansion of popular participation throughout history, especially in the Muslim world, is indisputable. Considering that one of the goals of the colonialist effort to secularize Muslim societi MoreAbstractThe influence of religion as one of the most important factors in the expansion of popular participation throughout history, especially in the Muslim world, is indisputable. Considering that one of the goals of the colonialist effort to secularize Muslim societies is to make them indifferent to their social destiny and to be the basis for easy domination of Islamic societies. Considering the religious influence on political participation as a significant social issue Review.Regarding the importance of the subject, the present study uses a field method, scrolling technique, questionnaire research tool and SPSS software to investigate the relationship between different dimensions of religiosity and political participation among citizens as the main objective. The statistical population of this study is all citizens aged 18 years and above the city of Izeh. 376 of them have been studied using Formal Cochran as sample size.The results of the research show that there is a significant difference between the total religiosity (P = 0.34) and its dimensions, the consequences of religiosity (P = 0.43), religious rituals (P = 0.38), religious beliefs (35.3) There is a positive and significant relationship between the empirical dimension of religiosity (P = 0.20) and the cognitive aspect of religiosity (P = 0.25) with political participation of citizens in the city of Izeh; therefore, all the research hypotheses are confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
816 - Sociological Analysis on the Procedure for the Treatment of Pedophilia in Jurisprudence and Law
Soudabeh Taheri Hasan AsadiVulnerable groups, including children, need special support in their particular circumstances through the adoption of differential policies. A differential policy in domestic law is presented as a specific crime in the field of children or in the form of intensified pun MoreVulnerable groups, including children, need special support in their particular circumstances through the adoption of differential policies. A differential policy in domestic law is presented as a specific crime in the field of children or in the form of intensified punishment. The procedure for the hearing of children and adolescents has a number of differentiated features in adulthood. Including the fact that police and judges exclusively or frequently involved in pediatric trials should be familiar with the creation of courses with a variety of sciences such as child psychology, social work and criminology. The hearing should be completely censored and protected by the child. It seems that the special procedure for the criminalization of children in customary law is inconsistent with Islamic law, and there are no indications and prohibitions on the application of this proceeding in valid jurisprudential texts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
817 - Prediction of tendency to addiction based on maladaptive schemas, attachment styles and parental patterns in women who use tobacco
Sara Yavarimahboob Marjan RabeiThe purpose of this study was to predict addiction tendency based on early maladaptive schemas, attachment styles and parental patterns in women who use tobacco. For this purpose, 130 women smokers (smokers and hookahs) living in west of Tehran were selected by availabl MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict addiction tendency based on early maladaptive schemas, attachment styles and parental patterns in women who use tobacco. For this purpose, 130 women smokers (smokers and hookahs) living in west of Tehran were selected by available sampling method. In order to measure variables, the Ahwaz addiction tendency (Zarger et al.) Questionnaire was used to measure the addiction tendency variable, Yang-Short Form Short Scale (YSQ-SF) Questionnaire to measure the variables of early maladaptive schemas, adult attachment style questionnaire Collins and Reid were used to measure the variables of attachment styles and the parental model questionnaire was used to measure this variable. After completing the questionnaires by the subjects, SPSS-21 software was used to analyze the statistical data in two descriptive and inferential levels. Inferential statistical results showed that the variables of the early maladaptive schemas with defective / shame schemata (β = 286/0), dependency / incompetence (β = 0/208), obedience (β = 0.242) and sacrifice (262 / 0 = β) can predict the tendency to addiction. Also, the variable of attachment style with avoidant style with positive and significant relationship (β = 0.244) and parenting model variables with logical authoritative model with negative and significant relationship (β = -0.444) can be related to addiction tendency in women who consume Tobacco Forecast. The tendency to addiction in tobacco use women is predictable based on early maladaptive schemas, attachment style and parenting pattern. Therefore, it is necessary for researchers, researchers and therapists to focus on reducing the trend towards addiction or leaving people with substance abuse to these variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
818 - Components of parent participation in elementary school curricula with emphasis on the element of evaluation
qahreman maddlo zohreh saadatmand Mohammed Hussain Mohammadianهدف این پژوهش تعیین مولفه های برنامه درسی مبتنی بر مشارکت والدین در دوره ابتدایی با توجه به عنصر ارزشیابی می باشد. جامعه آماری تحقیق صاحب نظران برنامه درسی می باشند که در کار تالیف برنامه های درسی فعالیت می نمایند روش پژوهش با توجه به موضوع و ماهیت آن روش دلفی می باشد.ر Moreهدف این پژوهش تعیین مولفه های برنامه درسی مبتنی بر مشارکت والدین در دوره ابتدایی با توجه به عنصر ارزشیابی می باشد. جامعه آماری تحقیق صاحب نظران برنامه درسی می باشند که در کار تالیف برنامه های درسی فعالیت می نمایند روش پژوهش با توجه به موضوع و ماهیت آن روش دلفی می باشد.روش نمونه گیری دربخش کیفی از نوع گلوله برفیوحجم آن بر اساس قانون اشباع در تحقیقات کیفی بوده که در نفر چهاردهم به اشباع رسید. روش جمع آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه محقق ساخته بوده که در بخش کیفیاز پرسشنامه بدون ساختار و در بخشکمی از پرسشنامه ساختارمنداستفاده گردید.برای تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها در بخشکیفی ازروش رتبه بندی وچارک سوم به عنوان ملاک توافق و در بخش کمیاز ضریب هماهنگی کندال برای تعیین توافق بین نظرات خبرگان استفاده گردید. با توجه به یافته های تحقیق مولفه های مشارکت والدین در برنامه های درسی دوره ابتدایی با توجه عنصرارزشیابی عبارت از: مشارکت درارزشیابی برای جمع آوری اطلاعات،مشارکت در ارزشیابیاهداف نگرشی،مساعدت در جمعآوری ونگهداری پوشه کار فراگیران، مشارکت از طریق حضور منظم و مستمر والدین در مدرسه،مشارکت درارزشیابی فعالیتهای خارج از مدسه،احترام وپای بندی به نتایجارزشیابیهای مدرسه،فراهم کردن زمینه های تشویق معلمانو فراگیران،مشارکت در فراهم سازی فضایعاطفیمناسبدرجلساتارزشیابی،کمکبه معلمان در شناسایی نقاط قوت و ضعف فراگیران. نتیجه اینکه توجه وبکار گیری این مولفهها زمینه مشارکت والدین رادر برنامه های درسی دوره ابتدایی با توجه به عنصر ارزشیابی فراهم نموده و به تولید برنامه های پویا و سازنده کمک نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
819 - Student Obsessive-Compulsive Exercise Based on Parental Perfectionism and Impulsiveness
mehnosh rahimi shima zamanihaThis study aimed to predict the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in students based on parents perfectionism and impulsivity. Descriptive-correlational method was used for doing research. The statistical population of the study consisted of students of Islamic A MoreThis study aimed to predict the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in students based on parents perfectionism and impulsivity. Descriptive-correlational method was used for doing research. The statistical population of the study consisted of students of Islamic Azad University, Rohn Branch, in the first semester of the first academic year of 2011-2012. They were selected by random sampling of a multi-stage sampling of 150 people. The research tools included Hilal perfectionism log et al., Barat impulsivity questionnaire and Practical obsessive-compulsive disorder (PADOI SANAVIO) questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using multivariable regression analysis. Parental perfectionism and impulsivity with obsessive-compulsive disorder are significant at 5% level, and the positivity of these coefficients actually indicates that increasing these factors increases the level of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Based on the findings of the research, it can be said that the personality characteristics of parents such as perfectionism affect the formation and continuation of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Also, the inability to control the impulse has an effect on obsessive-compulsive disorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
820 - The genealogy of political process of reform in relation with Religious Intellectual intellectual readings after the Islamic revolution in Iran.
lafteh mansoori Ahmad Ali Hesabi nabiollah iderHolding a novel and different approach, this study aims to investigate the nature of both social identity construction and social system development as two subjective and challenging issues in a dialectic process and based on an integrative sociological and socio-psycho MoreHolding a novel and different approach, this study aims to investigate the nature of both social identity construction and social system development as two subjective and challenging issues in a dialectic process and based on an integrative sociological and socio-psychological approach in the light of three theoretical perspectives at macro, micro and medium scales (vis-a- vis mainly the suggested subjective orientations).. The main question addressed is whether individuals’ sense of social identity construction subject to Facilitating Factors of youths' Social Identity Construction in Social System. To this end, facilitating factors of social system-based construction among youths was addressed with a sample of 445 probability stratified sampling selected students from Tehran University. Attending this field study, they attempted a researcher-made tablet-rendered valid and reliable questionnaire. Content and construct validity measures of the instrument were measured through expert judgment and factor analysis, respectively and its reliability was estimated through Cronbach alpha correlational analysis. One sample parametric t-test and Binomial test-based analyses of the data supported the main hypothesis predicting that social system through precipitating factors has no effective role (T=21/45) on identity construction of youth. This study mainly suggests a scientific, different and comprehensive applied model for social identity construction on the basis of facilitating factors of social system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
821 - Study of Social and cultural factors associated with normativity male high school students malayer
حبیب احمدی داریوش غفاری لیلا پرنیانNowadays sociologists pay mor attention to juvenil delinquency as a social problem. Behavioral deviation committed by high school students are of grave importance. Generally speaking ,there are students who don't observe social values and norms and accordingly the main MoreNowadays sociologists pay mor attention to juvenil delinquency as a social problem. Behavioral deviation committed by high school students are of grave importance. Generally speaking ,there are students who don't observe social values and norms and accordingly the main objective of this studies to determine the influential factors on the behavioral deviation of high school students. to gain this objective the researcher has employed the causal-comparative method. Boys high school students studying in Malayer served as the total population whom were randomly selected. Cochran’s formula as used to select the sample. Via a questionnaire the necessary data was collected from the two groups. frequency and frequency percentile was used for description ,chi-square statistic was used for variables meaningful relation and cramer coefficient was used for measuring cosent. From among the six hypotheses, four of them were accepted as follow the logistic regression was used for forecasting. The results of the monitoring and control parents likely more parents and family solidarity, strong emotional family between parents and children are encouraged to obey the law in the process of socialization increased from normal levels in society and Cohort of individuals with norms are. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
822 - Forecasting tendency to smoking cigarette due to, parenting in student in Islamic azad university of khomeinishahr
فاطمه رضایی هادی براتیThe purpose of this research is to forecast of tendency to smoking cigarette in student with, parenting. Community reviews is all men students in Islamic azad university of khomeinishahr that as sampling had 357 were examined. In this research questionnaire of attitud t MoreThe purpose of this research is to forecast of tendency to smoking cigarette in student with, parenting. Community reviews is all men students in Islamic azad university of khomeinishahr that as sampling had 357 were examined. In this research questionnaire of attitud towards smoking cigarette shore in (2000), questionnaire of parenting bamrind in (1972) were used by means of step by step regression results were analized. Relation ship between tendency to smoking cigarette and parenting method were concluded(p<0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
823 - The Generation Gap among the Students in Asadabad
محمدسلمان قایمی زاده شکیبا کولیوندThis study investigated the differences between the two generations, parents and children and interpretation for this differs from the theories of social change and social modernization is used, the findings of this study using a standardized questionnaire and survey me MoreThis study investigated the differences between the two generations, parents and children and interpretation for this differs from the theories of social change and social modernization is used, the findings of this study using a standardized questionnaire and survey method among the 150 students that are before collegiate in asadabad city of hamadan is obtained. Overall, the results show a significant relation between the level of parent’s education, intimate relation with the family, relationship with friends, maternal age with the generation gap, and in the study of other factors such as family size and place of parents’s birth with the generation gap of the relationship was not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
824 - Study of the role of life skills training on the quality of social relations and behavioral health of adolescents of the Correctional Center in Tehran
Mitra Narang Mehdi ZareChildhood is one of the most important stages of life in which a person's personality is established and formed, and in this sensitive period, having life skills and strengthening them improve a person's life. Because life skills include a set of abilities and capabilit MoreChildhood is one of the most important stages of life in which a person's personality is established and formed, and in this sensitive period, having life skills and strengthening them improve a person's life. Because life skills include a set of abilities and capabilities that provide the ground for adaptation and positive and useful behavior for children. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate the role of life skills training on the quality of social relations and behavioral health of adolescents of the Correctional Center in Tehran. The method of this research is survey and the statistical population is children under 18 criminals in correctional facilities in Tehran. Based on the sample size formula, 384 of them were selected as the statistical sample. The statistical results of the correlation coefficient showed that life skills training on the variables of quality of social relations with parents with a coefficient (0.73), quality of social relations with peers with a coefficient (0.69) of children's behavioral health with a coefficient (0.65), respectively. Finally, it affects the quality of social relations with adults with a coefficient (0.54). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
825 - تاثیر جاده سازی در ذخیره کربن آلی حوزه آبخیز کوهستانی در شمال ایران
کاظم نصرتی سعید جلالیهدف از این مطالعه، بررسی تاثیر جاده سازی در میزان ذخیره کربن در حوزه آبخیز زیارت می­باشد. بر این اساس از 5 کاربری جنگل، مرتع، کشاورزی، جاده و آبراهه نمونه برداری و میزان کربن آلی هر کدام محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان می­دهد جاده سازی عامل کاهش ذخیره کربن آلی بوده و میزا Moreهدف از این مطالعه، بررسی تاثیر جاده سازی در میزان ذخیره کربن در حوزه آبخیز زیارت می­باشد. بر این اساس از 5 کاربری جنگل، مرتع، کشاورزی، جاده و آبراهه نمونه برداری و میزان کربن آلی هر کدام محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان می­دهد جاده سازی عامل کاهش ذخیره کربن آلی بوده و میزان آن تفاوت زیادی در کاربری جنکل و سایر کاربری­ها دارد. میزان ذخیره کربن آلی در کابری­های جنگل، مرتع، کشاورزی، آبراهه و جاده به ترتیب 143، 136، 128، 36 و 29 مگاگرم در هکتار می­باشد. نتایج این مطالعه می­تواند در ترسیب کربن و کاهش گازهای گلخانهای مفید باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
826 - Study of Height Effect on Earthquake Modal Response in Embankment Dams
Mehdi Koohdarag Mehdi Shirdel -
Open Access Article
827 - The Effect of Employees' Political skill on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Case Study: General Directorate of Sports and Youth in Guilan province)
Sajjad Salehi-Kordabadi M. Rezaei Ismaeil Salehi-KordabadiAbjective: The main abjective of this study is evaluating the effect of political skill on organizational citizenship behavior in General Directorate of Sports and Youth in Guilan provinc.Methodology: The research method is descriptive-analytical of the applied type. Th MoreAbjective: The main abjective of this study is evaluating the effect of political skill on organizational citizenship behavior in General Directorate of Sports and Youth in Guilan provinc.Methodology: The research method is descriptive-analytical of the applied type. The statistical population of the study is the managers of the General Directorate of Sports and Youth in Guilan province, the heads, deputies and employees of the provincial governorates of Guilan province with 297 people. The sampling method was random and by using Cochran's formula, the sample size was 184.Results: The results of the test of research hypotheses and analyzes using regression analysis indicated that the political skill and its dimensions (networking ability, interpersonal influence, social consciousness, obvious intimacy) affect the employees organizational citizenship behavior. The level of the corresponding beta coefficient of political skill and its dimensions to the organizational citizenship behavior of the employees were: +/- 769, +/- 725, +/- 501, +/- 567, +, +/- 686.Conclusion: It can be said that one of the effective variables for the appearance of organizational citizenship behaviors is the level of employee's political skill. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
828 - Petrochemical Parent Company Observatory Model with Due Attention to Subsidiaries
ali abdali gholamreza godarzi tahmores sohrabi erfan movahedifarParent company has long been one of the key topics in strategic management research, Importance of Parent Co. Studies is Because of Their Role in Creating Value of Parent Subsidiary Businesses. The purpose of this study was to use data and information on the status of c MoreParent company has long been one of the key topics in strategic management research, Importance of Parent Co. Studies is Because of Their Role in Creating Value of Parent Subsidiary Businesses. The purpose of this study was to use data and information on the status of complex businesses in order to plan and manage strategy to create and prevent the destruction of the value and perception of subsidiary businesses from the perspective of a specialized petrochemical firm. The research is of a qualitative nature and has been interviewed by experienced petrochemical industry managers through snowball sampling and the interviews have continued until the theoretical saturation of 23 interviews. The propositions of this research were extracted by the data base method and analyzed by MAXQDA software. Based on the results of the analysis of data obtained from the experts participating in the research, the observation model of the petrochemical firm's parent-level, developed at the corporate level, consists of 448 open source codes, divided into 77 common propositions. The propositions at this level are divided into 14 main categories and 5 concepts, including concepts; Financial (18%), Corporate processes (20%), Customers and stakeholders (20%), Growth and wisdom (12%) and the defense becomes passive (30%). Consequently, if the parent company can obtain comprehensive information with the right, appropriate and timely indicators in addition to identifying the influential variables of the status of its subsidiaries (children), it can be successful in strategic decision making of subsidiaries and value creation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
829 - Modeling the Effect of Advertising and Subsidy Transfer in a Three-Level Channel Using Game Theory
Peter Ezimadu Joshua Apanapudor Sophia Ezimadu -
Open Access Article
830 - Markov modeling and reliability analysis of urea synthesis system of a fertilizer plant
Anil Kr. Aggarwal Sanjeev Kumar Vikram Singh Tarun Kr. Garg -
Open Access Article
831 - A stochastic model for operating room planning under uncertainty and equipment capacity constraints
J. Razmi M. Barati M. S. Yousefi J. Heydari -
Open Access Article
832 - A mathematical model of the effect of subsidy transfer in cooperative advertising using differential game theory
Peter E. Ezimadu -
Open Access Article
833 - Stochastic cooperative advertising in a manufacturer–retailer decentralized supply channel
Peter E. Ezimadu Chukwuma R. Nwozo -
Open Access Article
834 - The effect of parents' education level and in improving information literacy of pre-university students in public and private high schools
hasan kiani mansor tajdaran katrin poyaPurpose: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of the parents’ education on the improvement of information literacy among the pre-university students (their children) of private and public high schools located in district 2 of Tehran. Methodology: The MorePurpose: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of the parents’ education on the improvement of information literacy among the pre-university students (their children) of private and public high schools located in district 2 of Tehran. Methodology: The methodology of the research was based on library study in the literature review and theoretical literature, and survey method (descriptive and analytical) in data analysis. The data were gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 31 closed questions and one open question. The sample size was 689 students whom were selected randomly in each cluster from 6777. 688 (99.9%) questionnaires were. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and statistical methods were used. Findings: The correlation coefficient between parents' level of education and information literacy level of students was 0.266 for fathers and 0.254 for mothers. There is a positive correlation between education level of parents, and directing students to information literacy. Conclusion: Those parents who have higher level of education and information literacy are expected to have children with higher level of information literacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
835 - Microscopic study of flower bud formation and development in almond
Ali Imani Samira Mofakhami Mehrabadiinitiation and floral development stages in of early, middle and late blooming almond cultivars was investigated. Before flower initiation of almond trees, bud samples were taken every 10 days from May 31, 2007 up to anthisis in the next year. Sample collection ended wh Moreinitiation and floral development stages in of early, middle and late blooming almond cultivars was investigated. Before flower initiation of almond trees, bud samples were taken every 10 days from May 31, 2007 up to anthisis in the next year. Sample collection ended when more than 50% of the dissected buds had pistils initiated. Bud samples were stored in solution FAA. For a detailed study the structure of meristem, tissues and reproductive and vegetative organs of the buds using histological procedure from buds fixed in FAA by microtome cuttings as thick slices 6µ. Results showed that flower induction (flatting of doming meristem) were done in 8, 18 and 31 August of 2007 in middle blooming cultivar (A93), early blooming cultivar (H-2) and late blooming cultivar (Ferragnes) respectively. Sepals primordia were stimulated in A93, H-2 and Ferragnes cultivars in 24 and 31 August and in 13 September, respectively. Petals primordial induction in H-2, A93 and Ferragnes cultivars were occurred in 13, 15 and 17 September of 2007, respectively. Stamens primordia induction in H-2, A93 and Ferragnes were evident in that order 1, 10 and 20 October of 2007. The pistil primordium in H-2, A93 and Ferragnes were evident 10, 21 and 31 October of 2007, respectively. Anthesis was observed in H -2, A93 and Ferragnes in 7 and 21 March and in 5 April 2008, respectively. In general, it was found that process floral formation stages in early, middle and late blooming almond cultivars particular the timing of flower induction between cultivars was not similar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
836 - Evaluation of adhession and viability of endometrial stem cells-derived osteoblast-like cells cultured on PLGA/HA scaffold
mojdeh salehi jafar ai nasrin lotfibakhshaiesh shiva irani سمیه ابراهیمی باروقIntroduction: The engineered tissue structure includes three components: cells, signaling pathway and scaffold. The polylactide-co-glycolide/hydroxyapatite (PLGA/HA) has attracted much attention due to their optimal properties because of using PLGA polymer and hydroxyap MoreIntroduction: The engineered tissue structure includes three components: cells, signaling pathway and scaffold. The polylactide-co-glycolide/hydroxyapatite (PLGA/HA) has attracted much attention due to their optimal properties because of using PLGA polymer and hydroxyapatite. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility effect of PLGA/HA scafffold on osteoblast differentiated from hEnSCs. We aimed to evallute the adhesin of cells on scaffolds. hEnSCs were isolated from human endometrium tissue and induced the osteogenic differentiation, then the differentiated cells were cultured on PLGA/HA synthetic scaffolds. A nanocomposite scaffolds based on PLGA/HA were fabricated by electrospinning methode and behavior of differentiated osteoblast cells was evaluated after seeding cells on this scaffold. Osteogenesis was investigated in terms of attachment, alkaline phosphatase activity and gene expression. Morphogenic of cells in scaffold was evaluated by SEM and biocampatibility of this scaffold was confirmed by MTT assay. The alkaline phosphatase activity confirmed osteoblast differentiation. SEM studies showed that the surface properties of scaffold were desirable and the cells had the ability to attach and proliferate better on the nanocomposite scaffolds. It has been shown that the nanocomposite scaffolds have appropriate properties to support the attachment of differentiated osteoblast cells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
837 - Analyzing the Economic Development Policy of the Rentier State in the Province of Khuzestan: Case Study of the Ninth and Tenth States
Seyyed Abdolrahim Ahmadi Ahmad Saie Masoud Motalebi -
Open Access Article
838 - Approaches to Corruption in the Developing Countries
Mohammad Khezri Salahaldin Mangor -
Open Access Article
839 - Impact of Oil Revenues on Creation of a Rentier State and Democracy in Post-revolution Iran (2005-2013)
Mohsen Askari Jahaghi -
Open Access Article
840 - Management of behavioral problems by relying on training based on mindfulness with an Islamic approach
Seyyede zahra Rashidi Fard Fateme SoltanianToday, there are many discussions between experts on the relationship between religion and psychology.The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of parenting education based on mindfulness with an Islamic approach on managing children's behavioral p MoreToday, there are many discussions between experts on the relationship between religion and psychology.The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of parenting education based on mindfulness with an Islamic approach on managing children's behavioral problems and reducing parent-child conflicts of mothers with children with hyperactivity. The statistical population included mothers with children (6 to 10 years old) suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Tehran, 20 of whom were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (10 people in each group) and interventions for both groups. Cognitive-behavioral therapy took place during 16 sessions. For the first group, mindfulness and parenting training based on awareness with an Islamic approach was given in 4 2-hour sessions once a week, and the second group only received children's therapy sessions.The findings of the current research indicated that the level of satisfaction with parenting in the first group, which was influenced by Islamic teachings, increased significantly and the level of parental stress decreased, and in the second group, the changes of the child under observation were visible, and in contrast to the level of stress And the parents' satisfaction with themselves had not changed much. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
841 - Application of strontium ferrite nanoparticles for electrochemical determination of hydrazine at nanomolar level
محمد علی شیخ محسنی قاسم مرندیDue to the importance of the amount of hydrazine in water samples from the environmental point of view as well as frequent usage of this matter, the concentrations of this substance were to be measured in different samples. In this study, a new and simple electrode was MoreDue to the importance of the amount of hydrazine in water samples from the environmental point of view as well as frequent usage of this matter, the concentrations of this substance were to be measured in different samples. In this study, a new and simple electrode was fabricated for measuring hydrazine. The electrode was a carbon paste electrode modified by strontium ferrite nanoparticles. The electrode showed good sensitivity and selectivity for the electroanalysis of hydrazine due to the presence of nanoparticles. Voltammetric and chronoamperometric techniques proposed a good catalytic oxidation of hydrazine at the electrode surface. The hydrazine sensor was showed two linear calibration range which covers 0.5 to 20 micromolar and 20 to 600 micromolar. The selectivity of the electrode for measuring the hydrazine was good. Also the repeatability, reproducibility, and lifetime of the electrodes were acceptable. Determination of hydrazine in aqueous samples such as tap water and well water were performed. The obtained recovery percentages showed that the ability of the electrode in determination of real samples is reliable Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
842 - Water Velocity Measurements in Open Channels Using Volumetric Current Meter (VCM)
Seyyed Ali Akbar Moosavi Mohammad Abdolahipour-Haghighi Gholamreza Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
843 - 3D Numerical Simulation of the Separated Turbulent Shallow Flow around a Single Side Obstacle
A. Safarzadeh L. Esfandiary -
Open Access Article
844 - A Discovery of Stock Portfolio through Using Cardinal Restrictions
hassan aboalfathiDiversity and complexity of investment decisions in the last few decades have increased dramatically. This massive growth has created an increasing need for integrated and comprehensive models to meet these requirements. Financial modeling has been created through MoreDiversity and complexity of investment decisions in the last few decades have increased dramatically. This massive growth has created an increasing need for integrated and comprehensive models to meet these requirements. Financial modeling has been created through linking financial approach and mathematical programming. These models use the development of mathematical programming and financial issues in parallel. The aim of this study was to develop an intelligent model for selecting optimal stock basket using an Improved Constraint Differential Evolution (ICDE) Algorithm for solving constrained optimization problems. To this end, the risk and expected returns of pharmaceutical companies and investment firms accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange have been evaluated on a monthly basis. The sample included financial data of 32 pharmaceutical companies and 28 investment firms for the years 2011 to 2015. The results show that, taking into account the interactions between risk and return, the algorithm used has the capability of selecting the optimal stock basket. Moreover, based on the results acquired it is concluded that a portfolio of pharmaceutical companies has been more efficient than investment companies Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
845 - The Relationship between Non-Transparent Financial Reports and the Risk of Prospective Decline in Stock Price in Companies with Low Percentage of Free Float Stock
Roya Darabi Maryam RiaziTo satisfy the capital suppliers of enterprises, management people always attempt to publish information in a way that meets their requirements. As a result, it seems that the inconsistency and instability of profit will affect the risk of stock prices reduction. Transp MoreTo satisfy the capital suppliers of enterprises, management people always attempt to publish information in a way that meets their requirements. As a result, it seems that the inconsistency and instability of profit will affect the risk of stock prices reduction. Transparency of financial information has been one of the most influential variables in determining investment strategy in the financial markets. To achieve their objectives, that is, getting appropriate return from their investments, investors need transparent and coherent information on time. Nowadays, one of the points that attracts investors’ attention in selection and purchase of stocks is the amount of company’s free float stock. This study analyzes non-transparent financial reporting and its impact on stock prices of the firms listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange by taking into account the free float shares in the period from 2007 to 2014. Overall, a group of 458 were under study, of which 118 companies listed on the Stock Exchange were selected as the statistical sample through systematic sampling. To collect the literature review, the research has been done library-based and to gather statistical data financial statements and subsidiary notes have been used. Data analysis is done in two parts: descriptive and inferential statistics. To analyze data and get the research results Excel and Eviews8 softwares have been utilized. This study is to test a hypothesis through logistic regression model. The results demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between non-transparent financial reporting and future stock price crash risk in companies with low free float stock. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
846 - To Study the Effect of Characteristics of Corporate Governance on the Quality of Financial Reporting (Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange)
Roya Darabi Mahnaz PiriThis research studies the effect of Corporate Governance on quality of financial reports of admitted companies in Tehran Stock Exchange in a 7-year period from 2006 to 2012. It is expected that establishment of appropriate Corporate Governance would prevent decrease in MoreThis research studies the effect of Corporate Governance on quality of financial reports of admitted companies in Tehran Stock Exchange in a 7-year period from 2006 to 2012. It is expected that establishment of appropriate Corporate Governance would prevent decrease in quality of financial reports along with making financial reporting process more controllable. In the present research we have used preciseness of prediction of future operational cash currents via operational profit elements as a measurement index from evaluation of financial reporting quality and also relation of off-duty members of board of directors, organizational investors owned share, power concentration, board of directors size, ownership structure, type of ownership, free floating share percentage, auditing quality, internal auditing, financial reporting quality and auditing period were used as Corporate Governance. A total number of 100 companies were selected as sample companies and using comparison test of average of the two societies we would analyze the results. The results achieved from the research indicated that ability index of Corporate Governance which consists of all structural specifications studied in this research is not effective on the quality of financial reporting of the companies admitted in Tehran Stock Exchange. Also in studying the effect of Corporate Governance individually it was observed that only quality of auditing reporting would affect the quality of financial reporting of the companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
847 - Investigion Internal Properties in the Quality of Financial Reporting of Companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
Younes Nobakht Mohammad Hasan Janani MohammadReza Moazzami GoodarziThe research related to domestic companies listed in Tehran stock exchange for the five internal characteristics of quality financial reporting has been investigated. Statistical community, all companies listed in Tehran stock exchange isachieved by the systematic remov MoreThe research related to domestic companies listed in Tehran stock exchange for the five internal characteristics of quality financial reporting has been investigated. Statistical community, all companies listed in Tehran stock exchange isachieved by the systematic removal of sample of 84 companies to be selected and Time periods from 1387 to 1392 is investigated. For doing this research from methods of causal - comparative advantage is solidarity. The study analyzed data from the Inter regression methods were used. Results of hypothesis testing research shows The quality financial reporting of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange whit size, the investment in non-current assets, complexity of the environment activity company Direct relationship and whit operating cycle Inverse relationship has been established In this study, there character between the quality of financial reporting and financial leverage has not established any relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
848 - Study of Relationship between Environment, Marketing Strategy and Performance in Food Industries
Seyaed HamidrezaRezaei Nikoo Nader GharibnavazThis study aimed to assess relationship between environment, marketing strategy andperformance at business level in food industries. Thus, the method of this survey is a descriptiveone that follows a practical objective. This research contains 2 main assumptions and 9su MoreThis study aimed to assess relationship between environment, marketing strategy andperformance at business level in food industries. Thus, the method of this survey is a descriptiveone that follows a practical objective. This research contains 2 main assumptions and 9subsidiary assumptions. The target subjects of this research are managers, sales supervisors andsales professionals in the food industry. According to Cochran formula the sample size is 384.Questionnaire was used to collect data. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used as normality testand Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. Data analysis wasdone by LISREL software. After analyzing the data, all hypotheses were accepted. According tothe result, attractiveness of the market, competitive position and aggressiveness, defensivenessand differentiation strategies had the most impact on performance Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
849 - ارزیابی شروع گفتمان معلمان زبان انگلیسی در پرتو تجربه تدریس و سطح مهارت فراگیران
مینا اسماعیلی Zohreh Seifoori Touran Ahourالگوی غالب در گفتمان کلاس درس ، شروع-پاسخ-بازخورد (IRF) است و شروع معمولاً به شکل سؤالاتی است که معلمانمیپرسند. سؤالات ممکن است ارجاعی یا استنباطی باشند و تحقیقات کلاسی بر نقشی که این سؤالات می توانند در برانگیختنپاسخهای دانشآموزان ایفا کنند، تأکید کرده است که دومی ا Moreالگوی غالب در گفتمان کلاس درس ، شروع-پاسخ-بازخورد (IRF) است و شروع معمولاً به شکل سؤالاتی است که معلمانمیپرسند. سؤالات ممکن است ارجاعی یا استنباطی باشند و تحقیقات کلاسی بر نقشی که این سؤالات می توانند در برانگیختنپاسخهای دانشآموزان ایفا کنند، تأکید کرده است که دومی احتمالاً منجر به پاسخهای متمرکز بر معنا می شود. با این حال، چیزیکه هنوز نیازمند بررسی است، میزان تمایل معلمان به فعال کردن پردازش معنایی و نحوی دانشآموزان با استفاده از سؤالاتمناسب و اینکه چگونه تجربه آنها ممکن است عامل انتخاب سؤالات ارجاعی یا استنباطی در سطوح مختلف مهارتی میباشد است. ازاین رو، مطالعه توصیفی حاضر با هدف مقایسه فراوانی و نوع سؤالات استنباطی و ارجاعی به کار گرفته شده توسط معلمان مبتدیو مجرب برای شروع تعامل در سطوح متوسط پایین (LI) و متوسط بالا (UI) انجام شد. به منظور پژوهش، نمونه ای هدفمندشامل 20 کلاس درس زبان انگلیسی در 9 شعبه یک مؤسسه انگلیسی در تبریز، ایران انتخاب شد. کلاس ها توسط پنج معلم مبتدی وپنج معلم با تجربه تدریس می شد. با استفاده از فرم مشاهدات طراحی شده توسط محقق، رویه های کلاس مشاهده، ثبت و رونویسیشد. داده های رونویسی شده بیشتر با استفاده از سیستم کدگذاری استاندارد شده پیشنهاد شده توسط لانگ و ساتو (1983) به عنوانیک طبقه بندی هفت طبقه ای از توابع سوالات معلم مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که معلمان با تجربه به طورقابل توجهی از سوالات ارجاعی بیشتری در هر دو سطح ‏ متوسط پایین و متوسط بالا استفاده کردند. در مقابل، مشخص شد کهمعلمان مبتدی از سؤالات استنباطی به طور قابل توجهی در هر دو سطح متوسط پایین و متوسط بالا استفاده می کنند. پیامدهایآموزشی یافته ها مورد بحث قرار خواهد گرفت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
850 - انتخاب بهترین مدل مناسب در ارزیابی تشخیصی شناختی
Niloufar Shahmirzadi Masood Siyyari Hamid Marashi Masoud Geramipour -
Open Access Article
851 - تأثیر پنج ویژگی بزرگ شخصیتی و سطوح تحصیلات والدین بر نمرات پیشرفت زبان آموزان EFL
Shokouh Rashvand Semiyari Mahnaz Azad -
Open Access Article
852 - تأثیر تمایز در راهبردهای یاربستی محور بر درک مطالب خوانشی و اصلاح واژگان دریافتی زبان آموزان سطح متوسطه
Masood Hasani Ahmad Mohseni Bahram Mowlaieاین پژوهش سعی دارد تأثیر استفاده از راهبردهای تمایز داربستی را بر درک مطلب و بهبود واژگان دانش آموزان متوسطه مورد بررسی قرار دهد. تأثیر استفاده از راهبردهای تمایز روی داربست بر استفاده از راهبرد خواندن دانش آموزان متوسط نیز بررسی شد. محقق 40 زبان آموز زبان انگلیسی با سط Moreاین پژوهش سعی دارد تأثیر استفاده از راهبردهای تمایز داربستی را بر درک مطلب و بهبود واژگان دانش آموزان متوسطه مورد بررسی قرار دهد. تأثیر استفاده از راهبردهای تمایز روی داربست بر استفاده از راهبرد خواندن دانش آموزان متوسط نیز بررسی شد. محقق 40 زبان آموز زبان انگلیسی با سطوح متوسط را انتخاب کرد. آنها دانش آموزان مختلط از مؤسسات تهران بودند. در این مطالعه از آزمون مهارت نلسون، آزمون غربالگری، آزمون تشخیصی، آزمون پایش پیشرفت، آزمون نتیجه و پرسشنامه بسته استفاده شد. برای بخش کمی، دانش آموزان انتخاب شده به طور تصادفی به چهار گروه تقسیم شدند. دو گروه آزمایشی و بقیه گروه کنترل بودند. هر گروه شامل 10 دانش آموز بود. 15 جلسه برای درمان وجود داشت. در گروه آزمایشی مربی از راهبردهای تمایز داربستی برای بهبود درک مطلب دانشآموزان و در گروه کنترل معلمان از روشهای معمولی استفاده کردند. آزمونی که حوزه وسیع را به مهارتهای خاص تقسیم میکند، در این مورد، درک استنباطی و واژگان دریافتی قبل و بعد از مداخله اجرا شد. سوالات در دوره آموزشی مرتبط ساخته شد. نتایج پسآزمون نشان داد که «خواندن استنباطی» و «واژگان دریافتی» گروه آزمایش بهطور محسوسی بیشتر از گروه کنترل است. دادههای بخش کیفی از طریق پرسشنامه راهبرد خواندن MARSI (مختاری و ریچارد، 2002) جمعآوری شد. پرسشنامه راهبرد خواندن قبل از آموزش و شروع آموزش برای 20 شرکت کننده اجرا شد و بعد از آموزش مجددا اجرا شد. این شامل 30 آیتم بود که سه عامل را اندازهگیری میکرد: استراتژیهای خواندن جهانی (13 مورد)، استراتژیهای حل مسئله (8 مورد)، و راهبردهای خواندن پشتیبانی (9 مورد). نتایج پسآزمون نشان داد که میانگین نمرات دو خرده مقیاس «جهانی» و «حمایتی» در گروه آزمایش بهطور محسوسی بیشتر از میانگین نمرات گروه گواه است، اما برای سایر خردهمقیاسهای «حل مسئله» تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
853 - Teaching of Persian Language Grammar in Iranian Universities and Colleges: Challenges and Approaches
مریم مجیدی Studying the ways of teaching Persian language in Iranian universities and colleges shows that there are some difficulties in teaching Persian language grammar. These problems can be considered from two viewpoints: educational materials and methods of teaching a More Studying the ways of teaching Persian language in Iranian universities and colleges shows that there are some difficulties in teaching Persian language grammar. These problems can be considered from two viewpoints: educational materials and methods of teaching and learning. This article focuses only on the educational materials and shows that there are some discrepancies between the high school grammar text books and the ones taught at universities, and suggests some methods to approach the problem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
854 - Explaining the parents coping styles with children negative emotions (CCNE) based on the characteristics temperament and character, considering the mediating role of emotion regulation among parents with autistic children
Fereshte Babaei Mehdi Tavallaei alireza sharifi ardani Rayyan RajabiThe purpose of this study was to identify the mediating role of life management strategies in the relationship between generativity-stagnation with subjective well-being in the middle age period. The research method was correlation and the statistical population of the MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify the mediating role of life management strategies in the relationship between generativity-stagnation with subjective well-being in the middle age period. The research method was correlation and the statistical population of the research consisted of all middle-aged citizens of Kermanshah 200 individuals (127 men and 73 women) were selected by voluntary sampling method and responded to four instruments of subjective well-being (Keyes, Shmotkin & Ryff, 2002), Loyola generativity scale) McAdams & de St Aubin, 1992), stagnation scale (Bradley,1997), life management Strate- gies scale (Baltes et al.,1999). For data analysis, we used path analysis. The results showed that generativity has a direct relationship with life management strategies stagnation has an opposite relationship with life management strategies and life management strat- egies have a direct effect on subjective well-being. Also, the results showed that life management strategies can act as a mediator in the relationship between generativity- stagnation and subjective well-being. As a result, considering the importance of subjective well-being in the middle-aged, psychologists can take a step towards increasing the quality of this period by relying on the two variables of generativist- stagnation, and life management strategies and trying to improve and modify them in the middle-aged and performing interventions and treatments in the society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
855 - The Mediating Role of Emotional Regulation in the Relationship Between Traumatic Childhood Experiences and Maternal Reflective Functioning 
Shahnaz Ahmadi Mohtaram NemattavousiThis study was done with the aim of determining the mediating role of emotional regulation in the relationship between child- hood traumatic experience and maternal reflective functioning. The statistical population included the mothers who visited safe houses in the ci MoreThis study was done with the aim of determining the mediating role of emotional regulation in the relationship between child- hood traumatic experience and maternal reflective functioning. The statistical population included the mothers who visited safe houses in the city of Tehran in 2021. By the convenient method, 312 mothers were selected using the convenience sampling method and the participants answered the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (Luyten et al., 2017), childhood trauma Questionnaire (Bernstein et al.,2003), and difficulties in emotion regulation scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004). The results of the path analysis test indicated that traumatic childhood experiences were able to explain 63% of the variance in emotional regulation diffi- culties. Moreover, traumatic childhood experiences and difficulties in emotion regulation were respectively able to explain 65, 25, and 32% of the variance of the subscales of the pre-mentalizing modes, the certainty of mental states, interest, and curiosity mental states of maternal reflective functioning. These findings indicate that emotional regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and maternal reflective functioning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
856 - The Effectiveness of Problem Solving Skills Training on Parent-Child Interaction
Mohsen Shokoohi Yekta Ali Sharfi Negin Motamed Yeganeaim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of problem-solving skills training in parent-child relationships. The study design was quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test without control group. The sample consisted of 61 mothers of children ages between 4 and Moreaim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of problem-solving skills training in parent-child relationships. The study design was quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test without control group. The sample consisted of 61 mothers of children ages between 4 and 7 years. Trained psychologists conducted the problem solving skills training two hours a session for nine weeks (one session per week). To evaluate the effectiveness of the training, the Mother-Child Relationship Evaluation Scale (Robert, 1961) was used. Repeated measurement procedure was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that the Raising a Thinking Child workshops decreased over-protectiveness and child rejection, and increased acceptance and improved mother-child relationships. There was not any significant difference in over-indulgence. Given the important role parents play in the development and socialization of children and the findings of this study, it can be concluded that problem-solving skills training will improve the interactions among family members, especially between parents and children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
857 - The Assessment of "Self-Object" Representations of Parents in Iranian Culture
Tayebeh Shahmoradifar Parviz Azad Fallah Hojatollah FarahaniThe purpose of this study was to examine the patterns of object relationships index of Iranian parents, based on the perspective of object relationships. In this qualitative research, the evaluation was performed on 15 people considering the inclusion and exclusion crit MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the patterns of object relationships index of Iranian parents, based on the perspective of object relationships. In this qualitative research, the evaluation was performed on 15 people considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected using clinical interviews and analyzed by thematic analysis. To prove the validity and accuracy of the data, four criteria of credibility, dependability, confirmability, transferability, and triangulation method were used. By analyzing the data, three comprehensive themes of self, other, and communication (6 organizer themes and 33 basic themes) were ob- tained. The obtained comprehensive themes can be explained based on the object relationship perspective, which emphasizes that the individual's experiences with the first caregivers are internalized in childhood and are repeated in the individual's subsequent relation- ships. In other words, parents unconsciously repeat these experiences in relation to their children. The findings of this study emphasize that parents' conflicts with their children cannot be explained solely on the basis of their current relationships, and the root of these problems should be traced to "self-subject" representations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
858 - Family Emotional Involvements and the Quality of Adolescents' Relationship with Peers: The Mediating Role of the Quality of Parent-Child Interactions
Rojien Moradifard Mohamad Sajjad Seydi Fahimeh ZeinaliThis Study aimed to investigate the mediating role of parent-child interactions in the relationship between family emotional involvement and the quality of adolescents' relationship with peers in Kermanshah. This was a correlational study and the statistical popula MoreThis Study aimed to investigate the mediating role of parent-child interactions in the relationship between family emotional involvement and the quality of adolescents' relationship with peers in Kermanshah. This was a correlational study and the statistical population included 55 thousand students in Kermanshah in the academic year of 95-96. Then 240 students were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling method and completed the Family Emotional Involvement and Criticism Scale (Shields, Franks, Harp, Campbell, & McDaniel, 1994), the Index of Peer Relations (Hudson, Norius, Dolly & Newsham, 1990), and the Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (Barnes & Olson, 1982). Data were analyzed by path analysis. The results showed that among direct paths, only the path coefficient of the intensity of emotional involvement to the relationship with peers was not significant. The quality of parent-child interactions played a mediating role in the relationship of family emotional involvements and perceived blame with the quality of relationship with peers. Thus, it can be concluded that by enhancing open exchanges and expressing emotions in the family environment, the quality of the relationship between adolescents and their peers can be improved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
859 - The Effectiveness of Training the Mindfulness-Based Parenting and Adler-Based Democratic Parenting on Increasing the Psychological Well-Being in Mothers
Farahnaz Fard Shahla Pakdaman Asghar MinaeiThis study aims to determine and compare the effectiveness of training mindfulness-based parenting and Adler-based democratic parenting on increasing the psychological well-being of mothers of adolescents aged 13 to 15 years old. 175 mothers of one high schools were sel MoreThis study aims to determine and compare the effectiveness of training mindfulness-based parenting and Adler-based democratic parenting on increasing the psychological well-being of mothers of adolescents aged 13 to 15 years old. 175 mothers of one high schools were selected by available method and assessed through the Reef's psychological well-being (1989) and Murray Strauss conflict questionnaire (1979). 54 mothers who received the lowest score of psychological well-being, and had the criteria to enter the research, were selected as research sample and were replaced accidentally into three groups of 18 people - two experimental groups and one control group.The training groups underwent training sessions during eight 120-minute sessions. Subjects in three steps were tested by Reef's psychological well-being (1989).The results of the mixed design analysis showed the psychological well-being scores of both the experimental and control groups did not differ in the pretest stage, but later from the educational interventions, the scores of both experimental groups increased significantly compared to the control group in the posttest and continued to pursue for two months follow-up. It was also found that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of democratic parenting and mindfulness-based Parenting on mothers' psychological well-being. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
860 - The Effect of Teaching Communication Skills to Mothers of Children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder on Enhancement of Parent-Child Interaction
Hamed Maghrebi Sinaki Saeed Hassanzadeh AliAkbar Arjmandnia Mojgan Khademi T The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of communication skills training to mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on enhancement of parent-child interaction. Twenty six mothers who had 6-12 year old chil More T The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of communication skills training to mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on enhancement of parent-child interaction. Twenty six mothers who had 6-12 year old children with ADHD were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly assigned into either experimental or control group. The participants completed the Pianta Parent-Child Interaction Scale (1994). The experimental group received 8 sessions of the communication skills training. The results indicated that the communication skills training had significant effect on enhancement of parent-child interaction in the experimental group. The communication skills training reduced the conflict and dependence components and increased intimacy component. Given the importance of parents education in rearing children, communication skills training to parents of children with ADHD is necessary to improve parent-child interaction in this group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
861 - The Relationship between Mother-Child Attachment and Eating Problems: The Mediating Role of Child's Self-Regulation in Eating and Parental Nutrition Care
Omid Rahdan Shekoofeh Mottaghi Azadeh ChoobforoushzadehThe aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of child self-regulation in eating and parental nutrition care in the relationship between mother-child attachment and the child's eating problems. 248 mothers of 2-4 year-old children in the city of Shahrek MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of child self-regulation in eating and parental nutrition care in the relationship between mother-child attachment and the child's eating problems. 248 mothers of 2-4 year-old children in the city of Shahrekord were selected through convenience sampling, and completed Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (Condon and Corkindale, 1998), Feeding Problem Questionnaire (Lewinsohn, 2005), Self-Regulation in Eating Questionnaire (Sherry and et al., 2004), and Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire (Jansen,Williams, Mallan, Nicholson & Daniels, 2014). This research was a descriptive correlational study using structural equation modeling. Findings showed that parental nutrition care can fully mediate the relationship between mother-child attachment and eating problems. The effect of mother-child attachment through parental nutrition care on reducing child eating problems was 0.26. Mother-child attachment also had a positive significant relationship with self-regulation of eating, but the mediating role of self-regulation of eating in the relationship between mother-child attachment and eating problems wasn’t verified. According to the results, education specialists should pay a great attention to the importance and necessity of mother-child relationship as a determinant factor in children’s mental health and prevention of behavioral and eating problems in children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
862 - Social phobia,parenting styles,and perfectionism
Shabnam Bitaraf Mohammad R. Shaeeri Mansour Hakim JavadiThis research explored the role of perfectionism and parenting styles in explaining students’ social phobia. A sample of 396 students (215 females and 181 males) from GuilanUniversity responded to Baumrind’s Parenting Styles Questionnaire (1973), Frost Multi MoreThis research explored the role of perfectionism and parenting styles in explaining students’ social phobia. A sample of 396 students (215 females and 181 males) from GuilanUniversity responded to Baumrind’s Parenting Styles Questionnaire (1973), Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Frost, Marten, Lahart, & Rosenblate, 1990), and the Social Phobia Inventory (Connor, Davidson, Churchill et al., 2000). The findings based on Pearson correlation showed that social phobia was positively correlated with authoritarian parenting styleand with two dimensions of perfectionism including “concern over mistakes” and “doubt about actions". Social phobia was negatively correlated with authoritative parenting style and parental expectations (a dimension of perfectionism). Implications are discussed in terms of interactions of parenting educational consequences and parents' personality characteristics on children's mental health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
863 - The mediating role of cognitive schemas in the relationship between family process and content with coping strategy styles
Iran Jalali Sirus Sarvghad Siamak SamaniIn order to determine the mediating role of maladaptive cognitive schemas as related to family process and content and strategies for coping with parent-child conflict, 400 high school students (240 females, 160 males) in Shiraz city during the academic year of 2011-201 MoreIn order to determine the mediating role of maladaptive cognitive schemas as related to family process and content and strategies for coping with parent-child conflict, 400 high school students (240 females, 160 males) in Shiraz city during the academic year of 2011-2012 were selected by multistage cluster sampling method and responded to the Organizational Conflict Inventory (ROCI-II; Rahim & Magner, 1995), Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (Young, 1999) and Family Process and Content Scale (Samani, 2009). Findings revealed no meaningful relationship between cognitive schema and family content components (except other-directedness with life atmosphere and fiscal resources) and family process (except religious beliefs). Also, a meaningful relationship was found between strategies for coping with parent-child conflict and family process components (excepting religious beliefs). Goodness of Fit Index derived from path analysis revealed the confirmation of the hypothesis regarding the model of relationship between family content with strategies for coping with mother-child conflict (except dominating) and strategies for coping with father-child conflict (except integrating, dominating and accommodating). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
864 - The Mediating Role of Mental Toughness in the Relationship between Parenting Styles and Flourishing
Amirabbas Fatehi Dehaghani Farideh Yousefihe aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of mental toughness in the relationship between of parentingstyles and flourishing. Three hundred and fifty five MA students were selected from Shiraz University by randommultistage cluster sampling. The partici Morehe aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of mental toughness in the relationship between of parentingstyles and flourishing. Three hundred and fifty five MA students were selected from Shiraz University by randommultistage cluster sampling. The participants completed the Parental Authority Questionnaire (Buri, 1991), the Mental ToughnessQuestionnaire (Clough et al., 2002), and the Flourishing Scale (Diener et al., 2010). The results of structural equation modeling usingAMOS software indicated that the relation of authoritarian parenting style to flourishing was positive and significant. The relationshipbetween authoritative parenting style and mental toughness was positive and significant, and the relation of permissive parentingstyle to mental toughness was negative and significant. Authoritarian parenting style had direct relation on flourishing andauthoritative parenting style and permissive parenting style had indirect relation on flourishing through mental toughness. Theimplications of the findings were discussed in terms of their applications to parents and promoting flourishing in individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
865 - The Effectiveness of Social Skills Training with Parents on Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms in Children
Leila Shirjang AmirHoshang Mahriar Hojatoallah Javidi Seyed Ebrahim HosseiniThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of Brackley’s parent training program on reducing symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder among children of the Shiraz city. The present study was a semi-experimental research and a pretest-po MoreThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of Brackley’s parent training program on reducing symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder among children of the Shiraz city. The present study was a semi-experimental research and a pretest-posttest design with control group was applied. The statistical population consisted of 20 children aged 7 to 12 years who were referred to the counseling center of the Fars province education department due to behavioral problems, had oppositional defiant disorder symptoms based on clinical interview and Child Symptom Inventory (CSI-4; Gadow & Sprafki, 1994), and assigned to experimental (10 subjects) and control (10 persons) groups through convenience sampling. The experimental group mothers were trained according to Barclay’s protocol for 8 sessions. The follow-up phase was performed two months after the intervention. Based on covariance analysis, Brackley’s parent training program has a significant effect on reducing the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in children. Also, the follow-up phase findings indicated that Brackley’s parent training was effective in controlling the symptoms of children’s oppositional defiant disorder. The results of this study indicate that, the intensity of oppositional defiant disorder in children can be reduced by teaching social skills to their parents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
866 - The effectiveness of anger management training on parents anger expression and control
Mohsen Shokoohi Yekta Nayereh Zamani Akram Parand Saeid Akbari ZardkhanehThe effects of anger management training on reducing parental anger was examined. Twenty-one parents (13 fathers with an average age of 37 and eight mothers (with an average age of 36) participated in seven sessions of anger management workshops. State-Trait Anger Expre MoreThe effects of anger management training on reducing parental anger was examined. Twenty-one parents (13 fathers with an average age of 37 and eight mothers (with an average age of 36) participated in seven sessions of anger management workshops. State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (Spielberger, 1999) and Parental Anger Evaluation Questionnaire (Shokoohi Yekta & Zamani, 2008) were administered before and after training. The results of repeated measures revealed that anger management training significantly reduced the intensity of anger in situation-induced anger and trait anger, and increased anger control-in. There were no significant differen- ces in anger expression-out, anger expression-in and anger control-out. Results are discussed based on the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral interventions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
867 - Parenting styles and academic achievement:mediating role of self-concept or self-esteem?
Shirin Valizadehthis research was aimed to examine the mediating role of self-esteem and self-concept in the relationship between parenting styles and academic achievement on the basis of a causal model in a sample of 304 fourth-grade students (152 females, 152 males) in Tehran and the Morethis research was aimed to examine the mediating role of self-esteem and self-concept in the relationship between parenting styles and academic achievement on the basis of a causal model in a sample of 304 fourth-grade students (152 females, 152 males) in Tehran and their parents. The students completed the Children Self-Concept Scale (Piers, 1986) and Pop Self-Esteem Questionnaire (Pope & McHale, 1988) and the parents completed the Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Baumrind, 1973). The results of path analysis indicated that 1) direct effects of all three permissive, authoritarian and authoritative styles on academic achievement were significant, 2) direct effect of self-esteem on academic achievement was significant but direct effect of self-concept on academic achievement was not significant, and 3) self esteem mediating only the relationship between permissive parenting style and academic achievement. Results were discussed in terms of conceptual and functional structures differences between self-esteem and self-concept, and the roles of parents in self-esteem and self-concept formations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
868 - Parental Psychological Control and Flourishing: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital
Amirabbas Fatehi Razieh SheikholeslamiThe purpose of present study to investigate the mediating role of psychological capital in relationship (self- efficacy, hope, optimism, resiliency) in relationship between psychological control parenting and flourishing. Participants were 298 undergraduate students (15 MoreThe purpose of present study to investigate the mediating role of psychological capital in relationship (self- efficacy, hope, optimism, resiliency) in relationship between psychological control parenting and flourishing. Participants were 298 undergraduate students (158 women and 140 men) of dehaghan islamic azad university selected by random multistage cluster sampling method. For data gathering, dependency-oriented and achievement-oriented psychological control scale (DAPCS) (Soenens et al, 2010), psychological capital questionnaires (PCQ) (Luthans & Avolio, 2007), and flourishing scale (FS) (Diener et al, 2010) were used. The findings showed that psychological control parenting were significant negative and significant predictors of flourishing. The psychological control parenting could predicted flourishing negatively and significantly. Psychological capital played a mediating role between variables of psychological control parenting and flourishing. According to the present research findings, it can be concluded that increasing psychological control parenting leads to children reduce psychological capital and less flourishing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
869 - The Efficacy of Parent- Child Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention on Behavioral Problems of Physically Abused Children and Parental Practices
Mina Moein Eslam Mohamad Ali Mazaheri Karine Tahmasian Jalil FathabadiThe purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of parent- child focused cognitive- behavioral intervention on decreasing behavioral problems of physically abused children and improving parental practices. Twenty eight children aged 7-9 years from the Associa MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of parent- child focused cognitive- behavioral intervention on decreasing behavioral problems of physically abused children and improving parental practices. Twenty eight children aged 7-9 years from the Association for Protection of Working Children in Tehran and their mothers were selected by available sampling. Fifteen pairs of mother-child were assigned into the parent-child group and 13 mothers were assigned into the parent focused group. The mothers received 5 sessions of the combined parent-child cognitive- behavioral therapy package and the children received 8 sessions of the package. Posttest conducted at the end of the intervention. The study had a 2-month follow-up period. The mothers completed the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach, 1991), the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (Frick, 1991) and the Child Abuse Potential Inventory (Milner, 1986). The data were analyzed by mixed ANOVA. The results indicated that the cognitive- behavioral intervention significantly decreased internalizing and externalizing problems. The scores of the poor monitoring and the corporal punishment subscales of the parental practices scale decreased but the scores of the child abuse potential subscale didn’t significantly change. Furthermore there were no significant differences between the effectiveness of the intervention on behavioral problems, parental practices and child abuse potential in both groups, which reflected the central role of mothers in child abuse interventions. By clarifying the role of child and parent in child abuse interventions, the findings suggested these interventions could be applied to clinical settings and may reduce the child abuse phenomenon.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
870 - Parenting stress and general health:a research on the relation between parenting stress and general health among housewife-mothers and nurse-mothers with young children
Parirokh Dadsetan Ali Ahmadi Azghandi Hamid Reza HassanabadiThis study aimed at testing a) the relationship between parenting stress and general health among the mothers with young children b) the employment buffer approach in a housewives who were selected randomly among MoreThis study aimed at testing a) the relationship between parenting stress and general health among the mothers with young children b) the employment buffer approach in a housewives who were selected randomly among mothers in the city of Rasht, responded to the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and then completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and a questionnaire including the statements for controlling some variables. There was a significant difference between parenting stress levels of both groups, but the difference between general health rates of both groups was not significant. However, the difference between the groups in depression sub-scale was significant. Analysis of multiple regression indicated that the main effect of parenting stress and the interaction effect of employment and parenting stress on general health were significant. But, the employment did not have a significant effect on general health. Results showed that employment, even in such stressful profession as nursing, moderates the negative effect of parenting stress on mothers’ health. Findings explain the harmful psychological and physical consequences of parenting stress and the importance of the stress experienced by mothers of young children. Findings also emphasize a need for planning supportive and preventive programs for mothers who experience job stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
871 - Parenting Styles and Aggression: The Mediating Role of Problem-Solving Styles
Parisa Mohammadi Mahboobeh Fouladchangthe aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of problem-solving styles in the relationship between parenting styles and aggression. Three hundred students (152 girls, 148 boys) were selected using multistage cluster sampling from Marvdasht high schools. The p Morethe aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of problem-solving styles in the relationship between parenting styles and aggression. Three hundred students (152 girls, 148 boys) were selected using multistage cluster sampling from Marvdasht high schools. The participants completed the Alabama΄s Parenting Styles (Frick, 1991), the Problem-Solving Styles (Cassidy & Long, 1996), and the Aggression Questionnaires (Buss & Perry, 1996). The results of path analysis indicated that punishment style significantly related to constructive and non-constructive problem-solving styles. Father΄s cooperation was related to constructive problem-solving style. Non-constructive problem-solving style was significantly related to aggression. Non-constructive problem-solving style mediated partially the relationship between punishment style and aggression. Research findings had theoretical and practical applications. The findings suggested reinforcing constructive problem-solving styles and appropriate parenting styles are related to lower aggression in students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
872 - The Effectiveness of Parent-Child Story-Telling With Role Play on Creativity of Preschool Children
Sara Sadat Arabi Zanjani Ali Zadeh Mohammadi Parisa Sadat Seyed MousaviThis study aimed to compare the effectiveness of parent-child story-telling with and without role-play on the creativity of preschool children. The study population included 4 to 6-year-old children and their mothers. The sample consisted of 42 preschool children ( MoreThis study aimed to compare the effectiveness of parent-child story-telling with and without role-play on the creativity of preschool children. The study population included 4 to 6-year-old children and their mothers. The sample consisted of 42 preschool children (24 girls and 18 boys), who were randomly assigned to three experimental, compare, and control groups. In order to gather data, the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (1998) was used in the three stages of evaluation of creativity. The results of the covariance analysis indicated that story-telling with role-play had efficacy on the creativity of children and according to the following tests had more efficacy than the story-telling without role-play. According to repeated measures analysis of variance, the efficacy of parent-child story-telling with role-play on general creativity and all its components was stable through time and the efficacy of parent-child story-telling without role-play on creativity was stable only in general creativity and the components of originality and elaboration. According to the results, the methods of parent-child story-telling with role-play can be used to increase the creativity of children, whether at home or educational places Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
873 - Parental bonding and mental health:the role of gender
Alireza Fazeli Mehrabadi Somayeh Mohamadi Shahrzad Izadpanah Naser Aghababaei Leyli Panaghi Fatemeh GhadiriI n order to examine the relationship between parental bonding and mental health 330 students (233 females, 97 males) of Shahid Beheshti University were selected. To assess parent-child relationship the Parental Bonding Inventory (Parker, 1979), and to assess mental hea MoreI n order to examine the relationship between parental bonding and mental health 330 students (233 females, 97 males) of Shahid Beheshti University were selected. To assess parent-child relationship the Parental Bonding Inventory (Parker, 1979), and to assess mental health the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Hiller, 1979) was used. Results indicated that parental care negatively correlated with mental health, and parental overprotection positively correlated with mental health. Females reported better mental health and stronger parental care. Gender, directly and indirectly (through parental care) predicted mental health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
874 - perceived parenting styles and fear of negative evaluation:a comparison of gifted and normal adolescent girls
Shahla Pakdaman Fereshte Sadat Mortazavi Nasirithe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles dimensions and fear of negative evaluation and to examine the differences between gifted and normal adolescent girls in these relations. In a survey study, the Fear of Negative Evaluation S Morethe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles dimensions and fear of negative evaluation and to examine the differences between gifted and normal adolescent girls in these relations. In a survey study, the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale-Brief Form (Leary, 1983)) and Parenting styles Questionnaire (Schaefer,1965) were administered to 137 female high school students (34 gifted, 103 normal). The data were analyzed by correlation coefficient and z test. Results indicated that 1) there was a positive correlation between control dimension of parenting style and fear of negative evaluation, 2) no significant correlation was observed between warmth dimension and fear of negative evaluation, 3) in normal adolescents group, the control dimension had no significant relation with fear of negative evaluation, but this relation was positive and significant for gifted student group, 4) the z-test indicated no difference between the two groups. The findings suggested that the more control over the children, the more they will be sensitive to negative evaluation of others and this is more salient for gifted children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
875 - The Role of Parenting Styles and Abnormal Personality Dimensions of Mothers in Adolescent Social Anxiety
Akram Ghorbali Seyedeh Nina Hassani NiaThis study aimed to compare parenting styles and abnormal personality dimensions in mothers of adolescents with and without social anxietydisorder. Based on a causal-comparative design, using the Social Phobia Inventory (Connor et al., 2000 MoreThis study aimed to compare parenting styles and abnormal personality dimensions in mothers of adolescents with and without social anxietydisorder. Based on a causal-comparative design, using the Social Phobia Inventory (Connor et al., 2000), two groups of 30 adolescents with and withoutsocial anxiety disorder were selected by purposeful sampling and their mothers completed Personality Inventory for DSM-5- Brief Form (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) and Pa- rental Authority Questionnaire (Buri, 1991). Results of the analysis of variance showed that the authoritarian parenting style in mothers of the social anxiety disorder group was more than healthy group and the authoritative parenting style in them was less than healthy group. There was no significant difference between mothers of the two groups in the permissive parenting style. The results related to the abnormal personality dimensions showed that negative effects in the mothers of adolescents with social anxiety disorder were more than in mothers in the healthy group, and antagonism and disinhibition of mothers in this group were significantly less than mothers in the healthy group. There was no significant difference between the mothers of the two groups in terms of detachment and psychoticism. The findings of this study provide evidence to confirm the role of mothers in their children's social anxiety and can be used in the prevention and treatment of thisdisorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
876 - The effectiveness of behavior management training on perental stress of autistic children,s mothers
Karineh Tahmassian Razieh Khorram Abadi Narges ChimehThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent behavior management training program in decreasing parental stress of mothers with autistic children. Based on semi experimental design, 30 mothers with autistic children were selected and divid MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent behavior management training program in decreasing parental stress of mothers with autistic children. Based on semi experimental design, 30 mothers with autistic children were selected and divided into two (experimental and control) groups. Groups were matched by children’s age and gender, and mother’s age and education. Participants completed Parental Stress Index (PSI; Abidin, 1990) in pretest, posttest and follow up phases. For six weeks, the experimental group received parental training (2 hours a week). The control group received no training. Repeated measure analysis indicated that parental training program reduced parental stress and enhanced coping to parental stress of autistic children. Clinical implications for the prevention and treatment of parental stress among mothers with autistic children were discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
877 - The role of child rearing training skills in reducing mothers stress and children,s behavioral problems
Seyyedeh Zeinab Farzadfard Heidar A. HoomanThe present research examined the efficacy of parenting skills training in preventing stress in a non-clinical sample of mothers, and in reducing behavioral problems among children of those mothers. The Parenting Stress Index (PSI; Abidin, 1990) was administered to a sa MoreThe present research examined the efficacy of parenting skills training in preventing stress in a non-clinical sample of mothers, and in reducing behavioral problems among children of those mothers. The Parenting Stress Index (PSI; Abidin, 1990) was administered to a sample of 198 mothers. 51 of those mothers who scored highest in PSI were chosen and randomly assigned to two experimental (N = 26) and control (N = 25) groups, and completed the Child Behavioral Checklist (Achenbach, 2001). Quanti- tative data were analyzed using pretest-posttest (ttest), correlation coefficient, and multiple covariance analyses. Results indicated that after intervention: a) mothers in the experimental group showed lower level of stress, as compared to mothers in control group, b) children of mothers in experimental group showed less behavioral problems than children of mothers in the control group Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
878 - The Mediating Role of Self-Construal in the Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Identity Styles with Psychological Well-being
Simin Mouradi Moughadam Somaieh SalehiThis study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-construal in the relationship between parenting styles and identity styles with psychological well-being. The statistical population was working mothers with children aged 11 to 16 in Tehran's District 6 in 2020. MoreThis study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-construal in the relationship between parenting styles and identity styles with psychological well-being. The statistical population was working mothers with children aged 11 to 16 in Tehran's District 6 in 2020. Based on acorrelation plan, 320 people were selected by convenience sampling method.They responded to the Psychological Well-Being Scale-Short Form (Reef, 1989), the Parenting Styles Inventory (Baumrind, 1973), the Identity Styles Inventory (Berzonsy, 1992), and the Self-construal Scale (Singelis, 1994). The findings of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between parenting styles and identity styles with self-construal and psychological well-being. According to the results, parenting styles and identity styles explain 12% and 20% of the variance of independent and dependent self-construct, respectively. In addition, parenting styles, identity styles, and self-construct explain 32% of the variance in psychological well-being. The results of path analysis showed that independent and dependent self-construal in the relationship between parenting styles and identity styles with the psychological well-being of mothers had a significant indirect effect. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that self-interpretation has a mediating role in the relationship between parenting styles and identity styles with psychological well-being. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
879 - the effectiveness of filial therapy in reducing externalizing problems in childeren
Elahe Aghayi Maryam Bayatthe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of filial therapy on decreasing the symptoms of externalizing disorders in primary school children. Fifteen children (7 girls, 8 boys) ages between seven and eight years old who obtained the highest scores in t Morethe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of filial therapy on decreasing the symptoms of externalizing disorders in primary school children. Fifteen children (7 girls, 8 boys) ages between seven and eight years old who obtained the highest scores in the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) were selected from 300 primary school children using multistage random sampling. The children’s mothers completed the Parental Stress Index (PSI; Abidin, 1983) and the Parental Self-Agency Measure (PSA; Dumka, 1996). The mothers received 8 filial therapy sessions in eight weeks. The mothers completed the CBCL after the second, forth, sixth, and eight sessions. At the end of the therapy sessions, the mothers completed the PSI and the PSA again. The results of repeated measure analysis indicated that the filial therapy decreased significantly he scores of the externalizing disorder and the breaking rules but had no significant effect on decreasing the aggressive behaviors scores. Therefore, our results showed that the filial therapy was an effective therapy for decreasing the PSI and increasing the PSA. The findings suggested that the filial therapy may be a suitable approach for reducing children externalizing problems in short time and have effects on parental stress and self-efficacy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
880 - Parenting Attitude to Literacy and Cognitive Skills in Preschool Children
Seyedeh Marjan Mazloom Sousan RahimzadehThis study was conducted with the aim of recognizing the role of parenting attitude to literacy in predicting cognitive skills in children between the ages of 5 years old to 5 years old and 11 months. 128 children (66 boys and 62 girls) were selected from Borazjan, MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of recognizing the role of parenting attitude to literacy in predicting cognitive skills in children between the ages of 5 years old to 5 years old and 11 months. 128 children (66 boys and 62 girls) were selected from Borazjan, through randomized cluster sampling method. The study design was correlational and the children completed two scales of Early Cognitive Skills (Hamnavay-e Avay-e Royesh, 1394) while their parents completed the Home Literacy Environment Scale (Hamnavay-e Avay-e Royesh, 1394). Data analysis indicated that home literacy environment has a positive correlation with early child’s cognitive skills. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that home literacy environment explains 24% of the variance of early cognitive skills (14%reading-writing skills and 10% math skills) in children, and the parent’s interest in reading subscale (from literacy environment scale) predicts 4% of children’s reading-writing skills. Findings emphasize on the importance of enriching family environment and awareness in increasing the early cognitive skills in preschoolers, and preventing educational downfall in each grade Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
881 - the relationship of atachment style and perceived parenting style to spiritual experiences and religious practices
Hamidreza Zarrin Kelk Saied Tabatabai Barzokithe present study was conducted to examine the relationships of attachment and perceived parenting styles to spiritual experiences and religious practices. Three hundred and thirty three male students were selected from Allameh Tabatabaie university using cluster sampli Morethe present study was conducted to examine the relationships of attachment and perceived parenting styles to spiritual experiences and religious practices. Three hundred and thirty three male students were selected from Allameh Tabatabaie university using cluster sampling. The participants completed the Parenting Authority Questionnaire (Buri, 1991), Attachment Style Inventory (Besharat, 2000) and the Multidimensional Assessment of Spirituality and Religiosity (National Institute of Health, 1999). The results indicated that there were positive significant relations between secure attachment style and spirituality experiences and religious practices in adulthood. Also, there were positive significant relations between authoritative parenting and spirituality experiences and religious practices. In all, it can be concluded that the authoritative parenting and secure attachment are good predictors of spiritual experiences and religious practices in adulthood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
882 - Effectiveness of Mothers'Mindful Parenting on Emotional Regulation, Secure Child-Parent Attachment, and Aggression in Preschool Children
Elahe Aslami Akram Malekzadeh Nasrin PirmoradianThis study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mothers’ mindful parenting training on emotional regulation, secure child-parent attachment, and aggression of their preschool children. The research was quasi-experimental with a pretest, posttest, and follow-up MoreThis study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mothers’ mindful parenting training on emotional regulation, secure child-parent attachment, and aggression of their preschool children. The research was quasi-experimental with a pretest, posttest, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population included all mothers with preschool children in Isfahan in the academic year 2019-20, from which 50 people were selected by stage random sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The research instruments included Aggression Scale for Preschoolers (Vahedi, Fathiazar, Hosseini-Nasab & Moghaddam, 2008), Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC) (Shields and Cicchetti, 1997) and Kinship Center Attachment Questionnaire (Kappenberg & Halpern, 2006). The experimental group then received Boggles and Rastifo protocol (2014) in 8 sessions of 90 minutes of mindful parenting protocol. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that mothers’ mindful parenting training increased adaptive emotional regulation and secure attachment and decreased the instability of emotional regulation and aggression in their children. However, in the follow-up phase (5 months after the intervention), no significant difference was observed between the variables of the two groups, which can confirm the reholding of these courses in short intervals for parents. The findings of this research highlight the necessity of applying mindful parenting training programs to mothers in order to improve parent-child attachment relationships, and emotional regulation and reduce aggression in preschool children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
883 - The Relation of Attachment Styles and Parental Warmth to Child Depression: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem
Donya Norouzi Mehrnaz Ahmadi The aim of present study was to examine the mediating role of self-esteem in relevance between attachment styles and parental warmth with depression. The research design was descriptive-correlational. Participants consists of 205 female primary school students who More The aim of present study was to examine the mediating role of self-esteem in relevance between attachment styles and parental warmth with depression. The research design was descriptive-correlational. Participants consists of 205 female primary school students who were selected by convenience sampling method in 2018-2019 academic year. All students completed the attachment styles classification questionnaire (Ricky Finzi-Dottan, 2006), Child Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (Rohner, 2007), Culture-Free Self-Esteem Inventory (Battel, 2002), Children’s Depression Inventory (kovacs, 1992). Pearson correlation test results showed among depression with self-esteem, secure attachment styles and parental warmth had pos- itive relation and with insecure attachment styles had negative relation (P<0/001). Also among self-esteem with secure attachment style and parental warmth had positive relation and with insecure attachment styles had negative relation (P<0/01).findings showed that, 25 percent of the variance in self-esteem can be explained by parental warmth and attachment styles. Also, attachment styles, parental warmth and self-esteem are able to account for 52 percent of the variance in depression among female students. In the rela- tionship among attachment styles and parental warmth with depression, the self-esteem had a mediation role In general, the findings showed that by raising parenting skills and increasing self-esteem levels in children with avoidant attachment styles, depressive symptoms can be prevented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
884 - the effectiveness of parents management training on improvement of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder syndrome in children
Zeinab Khanjani Saideh Amini Ayyoub Malek Touraj Hashemi Shahrokh Amirithe present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Parents Management Training(PMT) on improvement of symptoms in girls and boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on a semi-experimental design, 56 children (42 boys , 14 girls) between the ages of 5 Morethe present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Parents Management Training(PMT) on improvement of symptoms in girls and boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on a semi-experimental design, 56 children (42 boys , 14 girls) between the ages of 5 and 13 years were selected from specialized psychiatric clinics of children and adolescents in the city of Tabriz. The participants were assigned into either experimental or control groups using randomized replacement method after being matched for gender, age, and education of mother. While both groups were treated using medication (i.e., Ritalin), the experimental group (mothers of ADHD children) received seven sessions of the PMT (Barkley, 1981) for seven weeks in Razi Psychiatric Hospital in Tabriz. The results of one-directional analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) indicated that the effect of the PMT on ADHD syndrome was statistically significant The training program significantly improved the symptoms of ADHD in the experimental group, but there was no change in the control group. The differences between boys and girls were also significant. Girls were affected by PMT method more than boys, and the level of improvement was also higher in girls. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
885 - Treating depression :combining group cognitive-behavior therapy(CBT),parent skill training(PST),and joint parent-adolescent sessions(JPAS)
Ashkan NassehThis study examined the efficacy of group cognitivebehavior therapy, when combined with parent skill training and joint parent-adolescent sessions, in reducing depressive symptoms among Iranian adolescents. 64 highschool students in Tehran, who scored equal or above the MoreThis study examined the efficacy of group cognitivebehavior therapy, when combined with parent skill training and joint parent-adolescent sessions, in reducing depressive symptoms among Iranian adolescents. 64 highschool students in Tehran, who scored equal or above the Beck Depression Inventory’s cut point (10), were assigned to either a treatment or control group. The treatment group received 12 CBT sessions for 6 weeks and their mothers received six sessions of parent skill training. Then five joint parent-adolescent sessions were held for the treatment group. Control group did not receive any treatment. Significant reduction in depressive symptoms resulted from applying the CBT together with PST (before joint sessions). The effectiveness of adding joint parent – adolescent sessions was supported by statistical different between second and third assessment though Beck Depression Inventory. The findings provide practical support for prevention and treatment of adolescents’ depressive disorders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
886 - Assessing the mental health of parents with ADHD children and suggesting the methods of intervention
Susan Rahimzadeh Hamid R. Pooretemad Samsum Sami-ei Karani Ali Zadeh MohammadiThe mental health of parents with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was compared with - ! - ted the Child Symptom Inventory – " # $ %& MoreThe mental health of parents with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was compared with - ! - ted the Child Symptom Inventory – " # $ %& '' ! ! ! ()*) + ! , responded to the Gender Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, ' ). The results showed that the mental health of parents of children with ADHD was significantly lower than parents with normal children (P < ). The implications for devising preventative programs that promote the public health are discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
887 - Acceptance of Spouse and Psychological Adjustment of Women: The Mediating Role of Parental Acceptance
Parisa Seyed Mousavi Ali Mazaheri Saeed GhanbariThe mediating role of perceived parental acceptance as related to spousal acceptance and its psychological outcomes was investigated. 120 married female students selected from Tehran universities completed the Intimate Partner AcceptanceRejection & Control (Rohner MoreThe mediating role of perceived parental acceptance as related to spousal acceptance and its psychological outcomes was investigated. 120 married female students selected from Tehran universities completed the Intimate Partner AcceptanceRejection & Control (Rohner & Khaleque, 2005), Parental Acceptance- Rejection and Control (Mother and Father version; Rohner & Khaleque, 2005) and Personality Assessment Questionnaire (Rohner & Khaleque, 2005). Results revealed that paternal, maternal and acceptance-rejection and behavioral control each independently and significantly predict psychological adjustment, however, only paternal and spouse acceptance, and behavioral control of father significantly predicted psychological adjustment after the effect of other variables in women were controlled. Also, the behavioral control of mother and spouse was no more significantly predictive of psychological adjustment of women than their acceptance and rejection. The results posit that although the parental role in psychological adjustment of women is significant but spouse acceptance could moderate its effects, especially the mother’s role. Therefore, future experiences could alter the effects of perceived parental acceptance-rejection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
888 - The Mediation Role of Intrinsic Motivation in Relationship Between Perceptions of Parenting Styles with Academic Resilience
Tooba Chegini Masoud Gholamali Lavasani Elaheh Hejazithe aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between perceptions of parenting styles and academic resilience among high school girls. Three hundred and twelve second grade high school students were select Morethe aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between perceptions of parenting styles and academic resilience among high school girls. Three hundred and twelve second grade high school students were selected from 18th educational district of Tehran, Iran using randommultistage cluster sampling method. The participants completed the Perceptions of Parents Scale (Grolnick, Deci & Ryan, 1997), the Academic Resilience scale (Martin, 2003), and the Intrinsic Motivation scale (Vallerand & et al, 1992). The results indicated that perceptions of parenting styles relatedsignificantly and positivelytoacademic resilience. The results ofpath analysis indicated that perceptions of parenting styles indirectly and positively related to academic resilience through intrinsic motivation. The perceptions of parenting styles explained 15% of the variance in intrinsic motivation. The parenting styles and intrinsic motivation accounted for 35% of the variance in academic resilience. The findings supported the mediating role of intrinsic motivationin the relationship between perceptions of parenting styles and academic resilience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
889 - Mediating Role of Self Esteem in the Relationship between Parent-Child Relationship with Empathy
Nina Sadeghifard Afsaneh Lotfi AzimiThis study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between parent-child relationship and empathy. Participants comprised 295 secondary school students from Tehran, District 6 in the academic year of 1397-1389, selected by cluster samplin MoreThis study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between parent-child relationship and empathy. Participants comprised 295 secondary school students from Tehran, District 6 in the academic year of 1397-1389, selected by cluster sampling method. The participants completed the Adolescent Measure of Empathy and Sympathy (Vossen, Piotrowski, & Valkenburg, 2015), Self-Esteem Inventory (Coopersmith, 1990), and Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (Fine, Moreland & Schwebel, 1983). The results of the correlation test and path analysis showed that self-esteem has a positive relationship with empathy, and the parent-child relationship has a positive relationship with empathy and self-esteem in adolescents. Therefore Self-esteem plays a mediating role in the relationship between parent-child relationship and empathy. In general, findings show that the parent-child relationship forms and affects self-esteem. Due to its sanctity, the parent-child relationship is also related to empathy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
890 - The Role of Perceived Childhood Attachment, Family Functioning and Attributional Styles in Social Anxiety
Somaie Khorashadizadeh Fatemeh Shahabizadeh Reza DastjerdiThis study examined the role that perceived childhood attachment, family functioning and attributional styles have in college students' social anxiety. 700 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling from Azad and Payam-e-Noor universities of Birjand city. Par MoreThis study examined the role that perceived childhood attachment, family functioning and attributional styles have in college students' social anxiety. 700 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling from Azad and Payam-e-Noor universities of Birjand city. Participants completed Measures of Childhood Attachment to Each Parent (Hazan & Shaver, 1986), The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (Olson, Portner & Lavee, 1985), Attribution Styles Questionnaire (Peterson & Seligman, 1984) and Social Anxiety Scale (Watson & Friend, 1969). Findings demonstrated that attributional styles, insecure attachment to mother and family cohesion directly predicted social anxiety; attachment to parents by cohesion predicted success attribution and family cohesion by success attribution predicted increase and decrease in social anxiety. Based on the results it could be concluded that family cohesion and success attribution decrease social anxiety, whereas, insecurity to mother and failure attribution increase social anxiety Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
891 - The Relationship between Parent-Adolescent Conflict and Academic Adjustment Among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Conflict Resolution Strategies
Seyed Mohammad Sadatian Omid Shokri Hosein PourshahriarThe present study examined the mediating role of conflict resolution strategies in the relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and educational adjustment among male school students. In this correlational study, 398 school students responded to the Parent-Ad MoreThe present study examined the mediating role of conflict resolution strategies in the relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and educational adjustment among male school students. In this correlational study, 398 school students responded to the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire (Asadi Younesi, Mazaheri, Shahidi, Tahmasian& Fayazbakhsh, 1390), the Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory (Kurdek, 1994) and the Adjustment Inventory for School Students (Sinha& Singh, 1993). In order to examine the structural relations of the hypothesized model, structural equation modeling was used. Results indicated that the partially mediated model of conflict resolution strategies in the relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and educational adjustment among school students fitted well with the data. Also, all of the regression weights in the proposed model were statistically significant and predictors of the model accounted for 65% of the variance of the educational adjustment. Results by emphasizing the critical role of the quality of interpersonal interactions in the family context showed that a part of common variance of parent-adolescent conflict and educational adjustment is explainable via the changes of adaptive and non-adaptive conflict resolution strategies scores. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
892 - A Psychometric Analysis of the Young Children's Appraisals of Interparental Conflict Scale
Sara Salavati Omid ShokriThe present study aimed to test psychometric properties of the Young Children's Appraisals of Interparental Conflict Scale (CPIC-Y; McDonald &Grych, 2006) among students between the ages of 9 and 11. One hundred and sixty two elementary school students (104 bo MoreThe present study aimed to test psychometric properties of the Young Children's Appraisals of Interparental Conflict Scale (CPIC-Y; McDonald &Grych, 2006) among students between the ages of 9 and 11. One hundred and sixty two elementary school students (104 boys, 54 girls) completed the Young Children's Appraisals of Interparental Conflict Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory for Youth (BDI-Y; Beck, Beck, Jolly & Steer, 2005). The confirmatory factor analysis method and internal consistency were used to investigate the CPIC-Y factorial validity and internal consistency, respectively. The results of confirmatory factor analysis supported three-factor structure of conflict properties, threat, and self-blame. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that multidimensional structure of CPIC-Y was an acceptable measurement model. The significant positive correlations of all three CPIC-Y scales with depression provided support for the CPIC-Y convergent validity. Internal consistencies of the CPIC-Y scales were good. The findings suggested that CPIC-Y was an appropriate measure for assessing specific dimensions of interparental conflict in a sample of Iranian children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
893 - The Effectiveness of Parent-Child Relationship therapy on Self-Efficacy and Mother-Child Relationship
Marjan Karimi Ivanaki Parisa Seyed Mousavi, Karineh TahmasianThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of child-parent relationship therapy in enhancing self-efficacy and improving mother-child relationship. The study design was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest, control group, and follow-up. The study pop MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of child-parent relationship therapy in enhancing self-efficacy and improving mother-child relationship. The study design was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest, control group, and follow-up. The study population consisted of all mothers with 3 to 5 year-old children attending to Tehran kindergartens. 30 mothers were selected among mothers who had received low scores in Child-Parent Relationship Scale (Pianta, 1992) and Parenting Self-Agency Measure (Dumka et. al, 1996). Mothers completed the scales in pre-test, post-test and follow-up steps. The data were analyzed using repeated measurement analysis of variance. Based on the results, child-parent relationship therapy significantly increased parental self-efficacy. It also resulted in a significant increase in overall score of child-parent relationship scale and closeness dimension and a significant reduction in the dependency and conflict dimensions. It seems that child-parent relationship therapy is an effective intervention in increasing parental self-efficacy and improving child-parent relationship Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
894 - The Role of Self-Control, Quality of Relationship with Parents and School Environment in the Mental Health and Antisocial Behavior of Adolescents
Farhad Mohammadi Masiri Yaghoob Shafiee Fard Mojde Davari Mohammad Ali BesharatThe purpose of this study was to predict the role of self-control, quality of relationship with parents and school environment in the mental health and antisocial behavior of adolescents. 241 students (117 boys and 124 girls) from the high schools of Farsan city, Charma MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict the role of self-control, quality of relationship with parents and school environment in the mental health and antisocial behavior of adolescents. 241 students (117 boys and 124 girls) from the high schools of Farsan city, Charmahal-o-Bakhtiari province were selected and answered the Self-Control Scale (Tangeny & Baumeister, 2004), Parents-Child Relationship Scale (Fine, Moreland & Schwebel,1983), Class and School Environment Questionnaire (Alfred et al., 2004), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) and Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire (Mohamadi Masiri et al., 2010). Data analysis was done by Pearson correlation test and stepwise regression analysis. Findings suggested significant negative relationship between self-control, quality of relationship with parents and school environment with mental health and antisocial behavior. Multiple regression analysis showed that self-control, quality of relationship with mother, gender and school environment variables accounted for 33% of variance in mental health. Quality of relationship with mother, selfcontrol and quality of relationship with father accounted for 14% of the variance in antisocial behavior among adolescents. It can be concluded that personal, family and school variables play an important role in increasing mental health and decreasing antisocial behavior among adolescents Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
895 - Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Validation of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire (Adolescent Form)
Iraj Mokhtarnia Ali Zadehmohammadi Mojtaba HabibiThe aim of this study was to test the confirmatory factor structure and validation of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire in a nonclinical sample of 13 to17 year old adolescents. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional. Seven hundred and forty eight stude MoreThe aim of this study was to test the confirmatory factor structure and validation of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire in a nonclinical sample of 13 to17 year old adolescents. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional. Seven hundred and forty eight students were selected from the high schools of Qods (a district of Tehran province) by multistage random sampling. The participants completed the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire (Adolescent Form; Asadi Younesi, 2011), the Children's Perceptions of Inter parental Conflict Scale (Grych, Seid, & Fincham, 1992), the Youth Self-report (Achenbach, 1991)), the Family Communication Scale (Olson, 1995), and the Family Satisfaction scale (Barnes & Olson, 1985). The results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the fourteen-factor of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire. To investigate divergent and criterion validity, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. The results indicated that the correlation of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire with the other instruments of the study were between 0.21 and 0.57.These results were more satisfactory for the intensity of the conflict part of the parent-adolescent conflict questionnaire than for the frequency part of the questionnaire. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.97 for the frequency of the parent-adolescent conflict and was 0.96 for the intensity of parent- adolescent conflict. The test-retest coefficients were 0.76 and 0.75 for the frequency of parent- adolescent conflict and the intensity of the parent-adolescent conflict, respectively. The findings suggest that the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire have good psychometric properties and can be used in research settings and family counseling in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
896 - Parental Psychological Control: Predicting Personal Responsibility and Academic Buoyancy
Hamidreza Jowkar Mahboobeh Fooladchang Mohammad Raof AnjomshoaaThe aim of this study was to explain personal responsibility and academic buoyancy based on parental psychological control. Participants were 313 junior and senior high school students from Firoozabad city, in 1396-1397 academic year. They were selected by random c MoreThe aim of this study was to explain personal responsibility and academic buoyancy based on parental psychological control. Participants were 313 junior and senior high school students from Firoozabad city, in 1396-1397 academic year. They were selected by random cluster sampling. They answered Dependency-oriented and Achievement-oriented Psychological Control (Soenens etal, 2010), Personal Responsibility (Mergler & Shield, 2016), and Academic Buoyancy (Hosseinchari & Dehghanizadeh, 1391) Scales. To study the reliability and validity of the instruments, Alpha Cronbach coefficients and factor analysis were used. The results of simultaniuous regression analysis showed the component of cognitive control and personal accountability was predicted positively by conditional parental regard and negatively by achievement-based control. Emotional - behavioral control was predicted by dependence on parents. About academic buoyancy, it was found that parental achievement-based control predicted academic buoyancy negatively. Regarding gender as a moderator, results showed that in girls, dependence on parents predicted both components of personal responsibility negatively while in boys, conditional parental regard predicted cognitive control and personal accountability positively. Academic buoyancy in girls was positively predicted by parental achievement-based control and in boys positively by conditional parental regard and negatively by dependence on parents. According to these findings, conditional parental regard, due to the emphasis on behavior and its consequences, has increased personal responsibility among students. But, in parental achievement -based control, because of the emphasis on performance above the standard and ability beyond the cognitive development of the students, personal responsibility decreased. Besides, dependence on parents in behaving and problem solving, weakens behavioral and emotional control. Achievement -based control weakens academic buoyancy by causing stress and anxiety and inducing emotions such as guilt and shame. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
897 - Efficacy of Mindful Parenting Program on Parenting Stress and Parental Self-Efficacy among High Conflict Adolescents’ Mothers
Maryam Mohammadi Karineh Tahmasian saeed Ghanbari Jalil Fathabadihe aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of mindful parenting program on parenting stress and parental self-efficacy among mothers who had high conflicts with their adolescents. Four hundred and eighty three female students were selected from three volunteer jun Morehe aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of mindful parenting program on parenting stress and parental self-efficacy among mothers who had high conflicts with their adolescents. Four hundred and eighty three female students were selected from three volunteer junior high schools in Yazd, Iran. The participants completed the Conflict Behavior Questionnaire-Adolescent Form (Robin & Foster, 1989). One hundred and fifty seven students whose conflict scores with their mothers were higher than 50 were selected. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 32 mothers were selected and randomly assigned into either the experimental or the control group. The experimental group received mindful parenting based on Bögels and Restifo (2014) package.Both groups completed the Parenting Stress Index (Abidin, 1995) and the Parental Self-Agency Measure (Dumka, 1996) during threestages. The results of analysis of variance with repeated measures indicated that MP significantly reduced parenting stress andincreased parental self-efficacy. The findings suggested that the mindful parenting approach was influential in variables related tomaternal parenting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
898 - Perceived Childhood Attachment Patterns and Personality Characteristics in Cell phone dependency
Mehdi Keyvankar Majid Pakdaman fatemeh Shahabizadehthis study examined the relation of perceived childhood attachment and personality characteristics with cell phone dependency in high school students. Three hundred and thirty students (205 girls, 125 boys) were selected by multistage cluster sampling method from third Morethis study examined the relation of perceived childhood attachment and personality characteristics with cell phone dependency in high school students. Three hundred and thirty students (205 girls, 125 boys) were selected by multistage cluster sampling method from third and fourth junior high schools of Birjand city and answered Childhood Attachment to Each Parent Scale (Hazan & Shaver, 1986), Cell Phone Dependency Questionnaire (Jafarzade, 2010) and NEO-Personality Characteristics Inventory-Short form (Costa & McCrae, 1992). Path analysis method was used for data analysis. Findings Showed significant relationship between secure attachment styles to parents and personality characteristics (except extroversion and openness) with cell phone dependency in high school students. Furthermore, one's maternal insecure attachment style and neuroticism were predictive of students' vulnerability to cell phone dependency Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
899 - The Effectiveness of Play Therapy with a Filial Approach on Social Behavior and Self-Control of Primary School Children with Sluggish Cognitive Tempo
Shiva Akhavan Ahmad Abedi Sheida JabalameliThe present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy with a filial approach on social behavior and self-control of primary school children with sluggish cognitive tempo. The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy with a filial approach on social behavior and self-control of primary school children with sluggish cognitive tempo. The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up period design. The statistical population of the present study included the primary school children with sluggish cognitive tempo in the city of Isfahan in the In the spring of 2021. 40 children with Sluggish Cognitive Tempo were selected through multi-stage random sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experi- mental and control groups (each group of 20 children). The experimental group received eight seventy-five-minute play therapy with a filial approach interventions. The applied questionnaires in this study included sluggish cognitive tempo questionnaire (McBurnet et al, 2014), social skills questionnaire (Matson, Rotatori, Helsel, 1983) and self-control questionnaire (Kendal, Wilcox, 1979). The data from the study were analyzed through Mixed ANOVA via SPSS-23 software. The results showed that play therapy with a filial ap- proach has significant effect on the social behavior and self-control of primary school children with sluggish cognitive tempo (p<0.001) and this effectiveness has been stable in the follow-up phase. According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that play therapy with a filial approach can be applied as an efficient method to increase the social behavior and self-control of primary school children with sluggish cognitive tempo through employing Empathetic and intimate reflection of the child’s feelings, encouragement and strengthening of parents and making communication problems with children natural. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
900 - Effect of tide range on equilibrium of section-area of inlet of estuaries
A. Karami Khaniki F. Bakhshandeh K. LariEstuary inlets are important elements influencing control of sediment movement and its distribution on the coast. Wave, current and sediment interaction can have a significant impact on inlets’ profile. At the bottleneck, the point where the minimum entry level is MoreEstuary inlets are important elements influencing control of sediment movement and its distribution on the coast. Wave, current and sediment interaction can have a significant impact on inlets’ profile. At the bottleneck, the point where the minimum entry level is created, dominant force for transport of sediment is tidal fluctuations. Known empirical relationship between cross-sectional area at the inlet (A) and tidal prism (P) has been studied by various workers. Researchers have carried out extensive studies on A and Prelation in which A is the minimum cross-section area (in comparison with average sea level) and P is tidal prism. Their input on 28 estuaries of the United States showed high-coefficient values in a table in which C= 4.6 × 10 -4 and n= 0.85 also C= 6.5 × 10 -5 and n= 1 are the best values (high regression coefficient) for these coefficients. Various researchers continued these studies and could provide a relation that is far right applicable to other coastal areas with different tidal patterns. Results of studying n and c coefficients by Marcel was expressed that for various estuaries and tidal ranges of microtidal to mesotidal, one is the best power for n. In the following research using outputs of modeling the relationship between canal cross-section area with tidal prism was studied and c and n=1 coefficients were calculated, respectively, 2×10 -5 and 6×10 -6 for modeling and relationship theory (dean). Then we compared results between the theory and modeling. We also observed a direct relationship between the two parameters of channel cross-sectional area and tidal prism. Relationships were presented for inlets’ section width and tidal prism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
901 - Synoptic analysis of Caspian torrential rains, Case Study: Winter floods in 2012 Noushahr
A. Mohammadi M. Salighe E. Hamidy A. HesamyTorrential rains in the southern Caspian Sea, has been of interest for researchers and different solutions have been offered. The analysis shows that thesuggested mechanisms are all derived from a single model. These theories are different only in appearance. This singl MoreTorrential rains in the southern Caspian Sea, has been of interest for researchers and different solutions have been offered. The analysis shows that thesuggested mechanisms are all derived from a single model. These theories are different only in appearance. This single model is the basic mechanism of the Caspian Sea rainfall in autumn and winter. Torrential precipitation more occurs in autumn and less in winter. In this paper, winter floods in Noushahr city in 2012 have been studied. By posing different theories governing the precipitation of the Caspian Sea, next to one another, the pattern was introduced for the torrential rains. Results indicated that the floods were caused by the passage of low pressure systems from the North Caspian Sea. Low pressure cold front has passed over Noushahr on 11 November 2012. The cold front on 12 November 2012, located near the center of Iran, at 35 latitude. With the influx of cold air behind the cold front caused floods in Noushahr city. Cold advection over the sea caused too much moisture absorption by the air. The results also showed that the ridge of high pressure that immigrated from the north Mediterranean had important role in the passage of the cold front is Noushahr city. The ridge is moving cold front to lower latitude finally passes through the north of Iran. The cause of ridge formation was cold air advection on the Caspian Sea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
902 - Study of Longshore Currents in the Amirabad Coast
K. Lari A. EbrahimiOne of the most important effects of wave entrance to the shallow waters and sea bed topography on them in coastal zone is wave breaking phenomenon. This process is a crucial factor in production of cross-shore, rip and longshore currents that are generally introduced a MoreOne of the most important effects of wave entrance to the shallow waters and sea bed topography on them in coastal zone is wave breaking phenomenon. This process is a crucial factor in production of cross-shore, rip and longshore currents that are generally introduced as near shore currents. In this research, longshore currents of Amirabad area were considered and then the most appropriate relation was obtained for computation of velocity for these kind of currents. In addition, pattern of the currents were obtained using the field data of waves and currents By using the hydrographic map of the study area and also the slope of the shore and using the data from the buoy in Amirabad station and wave rose fitted coefficient in Amirabad area, velocities of longshore currents were computed in experimental terms. The computed results were then compared (using MATLAB software) with velocities of currents measured by flow meter, to estimate the most compatible selected relationship and fitted coefficient term. The results showed that, the average of velocity of longshore current in Amirabad shore is 16cm/s and dominant direction of current is eastern. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
903 - تأثیر پارامترهای پایه الاستیک وینکلر-پاسترناک در تحلیل تنش صفحات مستطیل شکل که تحت بار متحرک قرار دارند
احمدرضا خورشیدوند علی خیری امیر مسعود الله قلی -
Open Access Article
904 - تجزیه و تحلیل ارتعاش اجباری صفحات مستطیلی دارای درجه بندی عملکردی با تخلخل تحت بار متحرک
احمدرضا خورشیدوند علی خیری -
Open Access Article
905 - ارتعاشات صفحه ترک خورده با استفاده از روش quadrature دیفرانسیل و تجزیه و تحلیل مد تجربی
س. مرادی پ. علیموری -
Open Access Article
906 - Determine the Impedance Value of Fault Current Limiter (FCL) in Electric Power System
سید محمود مدرسی حمید لسانی -
Open Access Article
907 - A New Algorithm (C2-ESPRIT) to Estimate the Direction None Coherent Narrowband Signals with High Resolution and Low Sample Size
Saeed Kahfi Mansour Nejati Jahromi Golamreza Bagherian -
Open Access Article
908 - Selection of Optimal Size and Location of Distributed Generation (DG) Sources in the Power Grid According to the System Protection Settings in the Presence of Fault Current Limiters (FCL)
Ahmad Moradi Mahmoud Modaresi Parsa Servati -
Open Access Article
909 - MPPT and Current Mode Control Methods for PV Modules: A Review and A New Multi-Loop Integrated Method
Ali Moghassemi Shayan Ebrahimi Javad Olamaei -
Open Access Article
910 - HVDC Line Model for Load Frequency Control Using Harmony Search Algorithm Application
Mohammadali Shahab Ghazanfar Shahgholian -
Open Access Article
911 - Persian Speech Recognition Through the Combination of ANN/HMM
Ladan Khosravani pour Ali Farrokhi -
Open Access Article
912 - Forward-Backward Technique Based on Multi-Objective Optimization for Unbalanced Load Current of Multi-Carrier Networks
Javad Estakhr Mohsen Simab -
Open Access Article
913 - Conceptualization of economic crimes and strategies to deal with them in the criminal policy of Iran and France
meysam imani naghmeh farhud Seyyed Yazdullah Taheri NesabBackground and purpose: Economic crimes are one of the most challenging issues in the world due to their impact on all levels of society, and Iran is no exception. Iran's economic environment, due to suffering from many injuries, compared to economic systems like France MoreBackground and purpose: Economic crimes are one of the most challenging issues in the world due to their impact on all levels of society, and Iran is no exception. Iran's economic environment, due to suffering from many injuries, compared to economic systems like France, creates a more favorable environment for committing economic crimes, the spread of economic crimes prevents the government from achieving its national goals in the field of economic security and general crimes. endangersMethod: The present research was carried out using a descriptive and analytical method.Findings and results: For the first time, the Islamic Penal Code has presented a concept of economic crime by the method of "limited explanation of examples". To some extent, it can be said that examples of economic crimes have been stated. The criticism of economic crimes in Iran's current criminal policy is that some crimes, such as securities market crimes, are excluded from the scope of the definition, and some crimes do not have an economic nature and can only be related to economic crimes. , such as not announcing the occurrence of these crimes by the official authorities, they are included in economic crimes. Contrary to French law, in Iran's criminal policy, especially from the point of view of formal rights, there is no coherent and regular approach and no differential regime has been considered to fight these crimes, and despite the specification of "Special Court for Economic Crimes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
914 - Protection of natural children in Iranian law and international Instruments
Maryam Saadatdourabi Seyedasgari Hoseinimoghadam Ahmad EsfandiariField and Aims: A natural child is a child born out of wedlock who is deprived of inheritance and some social rights. Discrimination between legal children and natural children conflicts with the principle of equality of people mentioned in principles 19 and 20 of the c MoreField and Aims: A natural child is a child born out of wedlock who is deprived of inheritance and some social rights. Discrimination between legal children and natural children conflicts with the principle of equality of people mentioned in principles 19 and 20 of the constitution. The equality of all people is stated in international documents, and according to the documents to which Iran has joined, it is committed to eliminate any discrimination. When comparing Iran with some western countries, critics believe that natural children have less rights than other people. However, in Iran, the number of people who are legally considered adulterous and natural children is very small, and practically no one This cause is not deprived of its rights. Method: This article is written in an analytical-descriptive way. Finding and Conclusion: It seem that the natural child did not benefit from all the rights compared to ordinary people, and this deprivation is more serious in inheritance. Secondly, according to Article 1167 of the Civil Code, the child of adultery does not join the wife, therefore, illegitimate children are distinguished from legitimate children in some personal rights. But with regard to other rights, a specific range should be determined for these rights by inductive method in scattered domestic and international regulations. In international documents, there is no difference between legitimate and illegitimate children in terms of human rights. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
915 - Protection of the Victims of Smuggled Health-oriented Goods in Iranian Criminal Policy and International Documents
babak pourghahramani fatemeh ahadi sonia alizadehsamehField and Aims: Health-oriented Goods smuggling is an example of economic crimes, which is categorized in health threatening crimes group, causing humans’ death all over the world. Hence, importation and production of health-oriented goods should be carried out un MoreField and Aims: Health-oriented Goods smuggling is an example of economic crimes, which is categorized in health threatening crimes group, causing humans’ death all over the world. Hence, importation and production of health-oriented goods should be carried out under severe control and supervision. The aim of the present research study is protecting victims of smuggled health-oriented goods in Iranian criminal policy and international documents.Method: the present study was carried out using descriptive-analytical method with library Sources.Finding and Conclusion: Findings of the present research study indicated that Iran’s criminal policy toward the victims of Smuggled Health-oriented Goods is a different approach, which can be seen in the articles 26 and 27 of the Law of Fighting against goods and currency smuggling acted in 2013, and paragraph C of article 7 of Law of fixed Rules of the country’s development acted in 2017. Prediction of atonement and compensation of loss in the article 27, in addition to being a punishment for the banned goods’ smugglers, is a discriminatory criminal victims’ protection. Investigation of the international documents indicated that protecting victims of some of the crimes has a one-dimensional aspect and no clear and complete protection is seen in these documents. Hence, it is expected that proctors of this crime consider special measurements and steps in their national and international rules in line with all-dimensional protection of the victims. Authorities and the officials in charge should protect Smuggled Health-oriented Goods’ victims through consideration and prediction of medical, financial and social supports. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
916 - A Revision on the definition of" Maa" in Quran on the basis of the translation of Qomeshei and Fouladvand
Nejat Abbasi Fereshteh Bakhtiari Shahnaz NabilouOne of the challenges that the translators of Quran encounter with is the translation of the polysemous words such as {ma}. These words have some similarities and diversities in their application so the translators interpret them on the basis of their beliefs which are MoreOne of the challenges that the translators of Quran encounter with is the translation of the polysemous words such as {ma}. These words have some similarities and diversities in their application so the translators interpret them on the basis of their beliefs which are incorrect and complicated. In this descriptive-analytic research, we tried to explain and define the word "Maa" and revise the translation of Qomeshei and Fouladvand in order to correct the errors and make suggestion . In this research ,different meanings of" Maa" are expressed according to the diversity of its application in different verses and the majority of criticisms on these two translator (qomeshei and fouladvand). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
917 - Challenges of translating the Quran
Nasrin AnsarianThe Quran has been the religious book for all humans and delivering its message is the religious duty of all of us. Because it is in Arabic , the most primary and the simplest way to understand it is its translation MoreThe Quran has been the religious book for all humans and delivering its message is the religious duty of all of us. Because it is in Arabic , the most primary and the simplest way to understand it is its translation which has different stages, in each of which the challenge is possible; so, determining the challenges and mentioning the approaches to resolve them is useful to strengthen the presentation of less inaccurate translation. This study has aimed to propose the challenges for each stage of translation and problems of several ones by thinking in verses of the Quran and their translation and by using content analysis and present necessary approaches to resolve them. Findings from the study showed that a translation in which a translator has benefited from experts in etymology, morphology and eloquence, memorizer of Quran and person being prominent and skillful in speaking Arabic is successful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
918 - رابطه بین قیمتهای نقدی و آتی سکه طلا در ایران
محسن مهرآرا فاطمه نائبی -
Open Access Article
919 - Studying the Possibility of Replacing Petrochemical Products with Natural Gas in Public Transport Sector (In case of the taxis of the city of Tehran )
Marjan Damankeshideh Emelia AkhlaghiThe rapid increase in petrol consumption in years, as well as the current restrictions regarding meeting the increasing demand for petrol with production or via import, has made executive officials, including the Ministry of Oil, warn about the current trend. They have MoreThe rapid increase in petrol consumption in years, as well as the current restrictions regarding meeting the increasing demand for petrol with production or via import, has made executive officials, including the Ministry of Oil, warn about the current trend. They have announced that if the current situation goes on, we will be faced with a crisis. Meeting such a demand is not possible both technically and financially, and we will soon encounter a dead lock situation while the increasing import of petrol is a burden to the annual budget. The availability of rich resources of natural gas in the country as an alternative to petrol to be used in public transport has made this issue one of the priorities of the energy sector. The were five scenarios assumed for the plan and the plan was studied in terms of whether or not implementing the plan would be economically beneficial in either of those scenarios. The current study analyzed the scenario in which the modification the taxis of Tehran(into running on natural gas) has been taken into consideration. Model results were analyzed according to the main scenario and the results showed that replacing natural gas with petrochemical products in the public transport is considerably beneficial, and that such a plan is economically justifiable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
920 - A Survey of the factors affecting on bank deposits absorption, case study: Saderat bank of Iran
Safyar amini Somayah mohammadi Sayied fakhraldin fakhr hosainiThe banks have important duties in economy including equipment of saving and brokerage, payments flowing, allocation of credits and maintenance of financial order. Even in economies with development financial markets , the banks are in the center of economic and financi MoreThe banks have important duties in economy including equipment of saving and brokerage, payments flowing, allocation of credits and maintenance of financial order. Even in economies with development financial markets , the banks are in the center of economic and financial activities and very important for applying of moneytary policies. The aim of this study is to survey of the factors affecting on bank deposits absorption on Saderat bank of Iran during 2131- 13(2919-1332). The results show that real per capita income and Number of bank branches have the most affects on volume of long run deposits. also the volume of previous period affects on current and interest-free deposits whereas inflation and population have a little positive affecting on deposits volume in saderat bank Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
921 - An Analytical Study of Foundationalism in Epistemology of BonJour
Isa Mousazadeh mahdi abbaszadehOne of the most important epistemological issues in the contemporary era is theories of justification. Justification briefly means providing the necessary proofs or evidences for the truth of a belief. Various theories have been proposed for justifying knowledge, two mo MoreOne of the most important epistemological issues in the contemporary era is theories of justification. Justification briefly means providing the necessary proofs or evidences for the truth of a belief. Various theories have been proposed for justifying knowledge, two most important of which are foundationalism and coherentism. The various currents that have arisen in the contemporary Western period in the field of justification, have been the mainstay of epistemologists' tendency towards coherentism, which ultimately results in submission to epistemological relativism, which denies any definite and objective criterion for measuring knowledge. But foundationalism is the most important, serious, and long-standing approach to this trend. The present study aims to pay attention, strengthen and enrich the foundationalist approach and with a descriptive-analytical method examines the foundationalism in Lawrence BonJour 's thought. The authors conclude that BonJour defends the foundations of empirical knowledge by emphasizing the possibility of a direct confrontation between non-conceptual reality and the concepts describing that reality, but by accepting the role of justification for rational intuitions, he is practically inclined to a certain rationalism, and Finally, since he does not rule out the possibility of error in basic beliefs, he believes in moderate foundationalism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
922 - Moral coherency and wide reflective equilibrium
Behrooz Muhammadi munfaredRecently, the wide reflective equilibrium can be considered consistent with the wide moral coherentism and seen to be more reliable than the narrow moral coherency in the ethics, since to justify the moral beliefs, in addition of coherency with the other ethical b MoreRecently, the wide reflective equilibrium can be considered consistent with the wide moral coherentism and seen to be more reliable than the narrow moral coherency in the ethics, since to justify the moral beliefs, in addition of coherency with the other ethical beliefs, they should be coherent to the related immoral beliefs such as psychological, biological, sociological and anthropological achievements. It is important that this level of coherency faced the challenges and has not provided better explanation than the fundamentalism to justify moral belief. In this article, after explaining the moral coherentism and wide reflective equilibrium, the general approach to the moral coherencies will be criticized. Finally, it will be clear that even if assumed that a moral belief in a wide coherency is justified, but this belief is justified only neglectfully, that which is meant that the agent has no epistemic reasons to accept or reject that propositions and therefore they cannot be justified epistemologically. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
923 - Formal knowledge or conceptual perception in the philosophy of illumination
Azizollah Afshar KermaniSuhrawardi, on the basis of presence or absence of the thing for the subject, classifies the human knowledge into the knowledge by presence and the conceptual knowledge. The foundation of the knowledge by presence is the presence of soul for itself and the basis of the MoreSuhrawardi, on the basis of presence or absence of the thing for the subject, classifies the human knowledge into the knowledge by presence and the conceptual knowledge. The foundation of the knowledge by presence is the presence of soul for itself and the basis of the conceptual knowledge is the memory of the soul from the sensible world by observing it. Suhrawardi believes that the mind is the conceptual aspect of the soul. All conceptions are known by essence or by accident. He calls them the evidential and acquired knowledge. Accordingly, he has considered the sensible concepts and observations as the most evident concepts. Suhrawardi makes a distinction between the concept or idea of the thing and the thing qua thing. Moreover, he holds that the concept of thing represents one aspect of the thing and then it should not be confused between the things as things and their concept or idea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
924 - US,, Identity challenges and failed state in Iraq (2020-2003)
Behnam SarkheilThe great powers, such as the US, seek to advance their policies in the region, especially in key countries such as Iraq, by influencing the components of power. This is while the political situation after the formation of the new Iraq (2003-2020) has developed in such MoreThe great powers, such as the US, seek to advance their policies in the region, especially in key countries such as Iraq, by influencing the components of power. This is while the political situation after the formation of the new Iraq (2003-2020) has developed in such a way that the currents of identity have enjoyed a growing role and Challenges arising from identity rivalries have acted in a variety of forms such as state-building or even disrupting political stability. However, recognizing the role and position of identity currents and how to identify them in a situation where there is virtually no clear vision for a US presence in the region has become doubly important.The present article examines the role of identity currents in Iraq in a descriptive-analytical manner and in the framework of Rosena Chaos Theory and it answers the question, what strategy has the United States prioritized over the nation-state in Iraq, given the intermediate variables of identity currents? Hypothesis: The United States, understanding the growing role of identity movements, has sought to undermine existing structures in Iraq by shaping a set of identity challenges and creating socio-political irregularities. Paved the way for the realization of the model of a failed state and provided the conditions for the continuation of its interventions in Iraq. Findings: Utilizing soft power such as media and virtual tools to create political, economic, and social destabilization (such as riots and street protests) is part of the strategy of a failed state in Iraq. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
925 - Barriers to Participation of Developing Countries in the WTO's Dispute Settlement System
Dydokht Sadeghi – Haghighi Leila ReisiAbstract Understanding of the WTO dispute settlement was developed in 1995 and aimed to establish a coherent legal system based on equal access of all member states to the settlement of disputes and make decisions based on rules rather than decision-making by economic MoreAbstract Understanding of the WTO dispute settlement was developed in 1995 and aimed to establish a coherent legal system based on equal access of all member states to the settlement of disputes and make decisions based on rules rather than decision-making by economic powers. Over three quarters of WTO members are developing countries, which they have weak economic systems. Therefore, a provision in the understanding as “special and differential treatment” is considered, upon which the concessions were granted to developing countries aimed at creating a favorable context for increased involvement of these countries in the DSB. But to benefit from these advantages and protections granted by dispute settlement mechanisms, the developing countries face problems and challenges that led to their limited participation in this body. This article assumes that the developing countries has failed to benefit from the dispute settlement mechanisms and concludes that there are real political, commercial problems and domestic limits that must be overcome. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
926 - Neo Liberal Globalization and Its Effects on the Islamic Republic of Iran as a Rentier State
Hamid Reza ShirzadAbstract since 1960s with sudden and multiple increase in oil revenues and its supremacy over other economic sectors in national income, Iranian government officially transformed to a rentire state which seems still is and tend to be in predictable future. The ab MoreAbstract since 1960s with sudden and multiple increase in oil revenues and its supremacy over other economic sectors in national income, Iranian government officially transformed to a rentire state which seems still is and tend to be in predictable future. The above mentioned phenomenon caused radical changes in, government size and structures, inflation increase and forming a new and unique kind of relationship between government, citizens and civil society .It also caused restructuring of domestic political economy settings, reorganization and emergence of domestic blocs of power and interests, relative independence in foreign relations and finally changing of pattern of inside-outside relations. After Islamic revolution there were radical changes in priorities of foreign relations based on the new ideological values but there were not the same radical trend of changes in the rentire nature of government, its role in the domestic economy and its economic relations with the outside world. Rentire states continue to exist with the ability to cover their weakness through the continuous flow of oil revenues and their distribution based on two main routes, firstly to put the government as the sole base of development and secondly to allocating more to their supporters and reducing the influence of civil society on the ruler’s desired order. Globalization occurrence and deepening particularly its neoliberal project, challenged the most basic foundations of these type of underdeveloped and weak governments in both efficiency and the governance levels, which results in forcing inevitable evolution of the rentire state, changing domestic political rulers behaviors and transforming their type of connection to the international system . Globalization (neoliberal) with its worldwide extent and depth puts little space and alternatives for rentire states, they should either be efficient according to new order (project) necessities which means to change their position inside the national political economy , (redefine) type of internal governance and reducing them their autonomy in the international arena (a new position in the international division of labor) or if they cannot get along with the type of globalized order they must pay the price of further inefficiency inside and more incompatibility with the rest of the world. This means that the country's growth can be suppressed by increasing transaction costs both inside and outside and failing to benefit from all development capacity of country and ultimately undermine national power compared to other nations of the world. The mainstream theories of IR or IPE has a high explanatory power to explain the integration process of a state to the globalizing order but they lack the competence for explanation of why a nation with high potential cannot or don’t have the will to develop its place in the international division of labor and world economy. This dissertation has no claim of representing a new theory in IPE, it only pave the way for the new interdisciplinary approach and somewhat heuristic model for understanding how to avoid approaching states (rentire) as a homogeneous entities and using a two tier criteria to evaluate the effects of globalization (project) on them which are first its effect on the rentire nature of these states and second its effect on the hegemonic concept which holds control over this states. Using a neogramscian approach helps me to better explain this theoretical challenge in Dominant theories (especially institutional neoliberal) which have little explanatory power about outside of the order (isolated) states. There exist not a rich literature about the mechanisms through which the globalization (project) affects states (rentire), therefore I used an outside –inside dialectical approach with the study of impacts of globalized concepts of control over internal concepts of control which means ideologized (projected) globalization effects on ideologized rentire state. Using the above mentioned theoretical approach will reach us to conclusion that the hegemonic concept of control of Iran's rentire state (traditional ideological) is going to fade by the strong waves of globalized concept of control (neoliberal project). Using of coercive power can for a short period survive this concept of control but it is obvious that there will be a capacity for hegemonic shift inside Iran whether by government choice or outside government’s alternatives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
927 - Anatomy of Political Parties and Groups in Iraq and Their Impacts on the Relations between Iran and Iraq
Mohammad Sohrabi Amrollah Ashrafi Morteza KarimiAbstract The main aim of this paper is to examine the most important and influential cultural-political parties and groups in Iraq. Iraq is a country that has historically suffered from ethnic diversity and always have been met dominated by one ethnicity or religion, A MoreAbstract The main aim of this paper is to examine the most important and influential cultural-political parties and groups in Iraq. Iraq is a country that has historically suffered from ethnic diversity and always have been met dominated by one ethnicity or religion, Arabs or Kurds, or Sunnis and Shiites. These parties have played important roles in foreign policy, especially in relation to Iran and drawn. Shiites and Kurds in Baghdad's power structure, remove the Baathist regime vengeful, Changing approach from "Arabia- Sunni" to "Arabia-Kurdish-Shia" in Iraqi politics, emerging opportunities in the country in the national interest of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The question now is this cultural and political groups in the Iraqi political scene today that has the greatest impact on the state and the country domestic and foreign policy, what are they? Which of these trends will have the greatest impact on relations between Iran and Iraq and in order to align Iraqi foreign policy and regional politics with Iran? Authors assumed on that Shiite and Kurdish groups have most influence on the Iraqi government and foreign and internal policy, these political and cultural currents, constitute the majority in the country and have had the greatest impact on relations between Iraq and Iran. Coalition of these two groups involved with ISIS and other Sunni Arab neighbours would be the strongest factor in Iraq's foreign policy and regional alignment. The exclusion of any of the parties to the irreversible consequences will follow. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
928 - Management of Oil Revenues in Norwayand the Transition from Rentier State
Alireza Soltani Alireza HeshmatpourAbstract No doubt oil is the most important and at the same times the most political, economic, commodity in the today world. Oil plays a significant role to serve as the main source economic power and political always at the political and social development, for oil p MoreAbstract No doubt oil is the most important and at the same times the most political, economic, commodity in the today world. Oil plays a significant role to serve as the main source economic power and political always at the political and social development, for oil producing and it was from the main source of. But historical experience showed that having the natural resources and income spree oil wells by no means does not mean with have welfare facilities and government facilities and it does not cause political and economic, social development and deepening democracy. National dependence oil rich countries to oil had the diversity consequences .This consequences was from security social, economic, political and cultural dimension. Studies political development of the countries that manger shave of their income achieve from the oil always face the researchers with government that they have illogic power at the arena policies social and economic and know own to more than social levels, categories and groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
929 - Economic Evaluation of Shallot Utilization in Varnasa Rangeland, Naghadeh, Iran
Javad Motamedi Morteza Mofidi Chelan Saeed Rahmanpour Mahshid Souri -
Open Access Article
930 - Investigation of Carbon Sequestration Potential in Four Species Including Atriplex canescens, Haloxylon persicum, Artemisia sieberi and Agropyron desertorum (Case Study: Zarandieh, Saveh, Iran)
Seyedeh Khadijeh Mahdavi Mohsen Esmaili -
Open Access Article
931 - Pahlavi's rentier government and the formation of the discourse of the Islamic revolution
Majid Ostovar Hossein MahboobExamining the issue of the rentier government from different perspectives is necessary to understand the functioning of the Pahlavi rentier government. The innovation of the current research is to examine the impact of the rentier government on the change of the politic MoreExamining the issue of the rentier government from different perspectives is necessary to understand the functioning of the Pahlavi rentier government. The innovation of the current research is to examine the impact of the rentier government on the change of the political and social field of the 1950s and the construction of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution centered on Imam Khomeini (RA). Therefore, the purpose of this research is to try to explain the influence of the Pahlavi rentier government in the formation of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution of Iran. The main question of the current research is why the Pahlavi II rentier government in Iran failed to implement its development policy and the Islamic Revolution of Iran emerged? In response to the main question of the current research, after theoretical discussions, the development performance of that government in Iran was examined. The findings of the research show that the performance of the rentier Pahlavi government changed the political and social field of the 1950s and the emergence of new political, social and economic demands in the society. Imam Khomeini's revolutionary speech was one of the most important consequences of the rentier government's performance in this decade. The method of qualitative research is done in the way of historical investigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
932 - The structure of the rentier government in Iran and the collapse of the Pahlavi government
Mehdi Majd Alireza SoltaniIn Iran, since the beginning of oil exploration, the governments have not been able to properly exploit oil. If the oil revenues are not used properly, a rentier government will be formed and the Dutch disease will plague the national economy. The peak of the rentier go MoreIn Iran, since the beginning of oil exploration, the governments have not been able to properly exploit oil. If the oil revenues are not used properly, a rentier government will be formed and the Dutch disease will plague the national economy. The peak of the rentier government can be seen between 1353 and 1356. The Pahlavi government was a rentier state because it regularly received huge amounts of foreign rent. Therefore, Iran's oil revenues have little connection with the domestic economy and the domestic labor force. In fact, with the increase in oil revenues, the Pahlavi regime's independence from the domestic society reached such a degree that the government began to change the social structure and created support groups for itself and created supporting groups for himself and weakened opposing social groups such as marketers and clerics, which was one of the reasons for the formation of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. Therefore, the question of this article is what effect did the structure of the rentier government have on the collapse of the Pahlavi government? And it is also the hypothesis that following the increase of oil revenues of the Pahlavi government by creating an absolute political structure and destroying the capacities and foundations of the production-oriented economy and based on tax revenues, it provided the basis for political, social and economic dissatisfaction and ultimately the collapse of the political system. This article is written in an analytical and descriptive way and its information is collected in a library way. In the end, the conclusion has been reached that the oil-owning countries, especially Iran, have no way to restore their economy except to exit from the single-product economy and increase tax revenues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
933 - Presenting the Postmodern Organizational Distinction Model on Consumer Self-Concept
samira gharib garkani Behrooz Ghasemi Soheil Sarmad SaidyNowadayes, consumers use consumption as a means of creating self-consept to express their identity in the social environment through the services they consume. For these consumers value cultural and symbolic are more important. The purpose of this study is to extract th MoreNowadayes, consumers use consumption as a means of creating self-consept to express their identity in the social environment through the services they consume. For these consumers value cultural and symbolic are more important. The purpose of this study is to extract the main indicators of differentiation in the banking industry in order to present the impact of marketing plans on consumers' self-concept as a model. the qualitative data were collected from interviews with experts and then, for validation of the model, the questionnaire field data was collected from clients of Mellat Bank Tehran branches. The method of data analysis in qualitative part is based on coding and on quantitative part is used some statistical software(SPSS, Lisrel and Smart PLS). The model test shows that the direct effect and power of the relationship between postmodern organization differentiation variables on customer self-concept was calculated 0.552 which is positive and significant. Therefore,with 95% confidence can be said that differentiating postmodern organizations has a significant impact on consumers' self-concept. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
934 - Identification of bottlenecks and effective criteria for nonperforming claims of the bank using the Fuzzy DEMATEL method (Case study: one of the large commercial banks)
davod khosroanjom behzad keshanchi Sayed Mehdi Ahmadi Afshar amir pourgholiOne of the main challenges that banks face today is the problem of nonperforming claims and their uncollected facilities, and this can be the source of many crises. The growing volume of nonperforming claims in addition to locking up and freezing resources and slowing MoreOne of the main challenges that banks face today is the problem of nonperforming claims and their uncollected facilities, and this can be the source of many crises. The growing volume of nonperforming claims in addition to locking up and freezing resources and slowing down liquidity in the economy, reduces accreditation and optimal allocation of resources when providing facilities to productive customers. Therefore, in order to identify the indicators and analyze them, two separate questionnaires were used to collect and analyze the opinions of managers and experts in the field of credit and nonperforming claims. Then, using the first questionnaire, the components and criteria obtained were discussed with several experts in the field of research (10 experts) to make corrections. In the second questionnaire (7 experts), using the Fuzzy DEMATEL approach, in order to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the indicators, factors and criteria of receivables that have an internal dependence and interaction on each other are analyzed. The results showed that the criterion of how to systematize the monitoring of non-current claims is the main factor in the obstacles to the collection of nonperforming claims and the total effectiveness of this criterion is higher than other criteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
935 - Comparing the effectiveness of parent-child interaction training, attachment-based therapy and self-regulation skill training on emotional control of preschool children
Shahla Shaukatpour LotfiThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of parent-child interaction training, attachment-based therapy and self-regulation skill training on preschool children's emotion control. This research was carried out in the form of a semi-experimental design MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of parent-child interaction training, attachment-based therapy and self-regulation skill training on preschool children's emotion control. This research was carried out in the form of a semi-experimental design on 48 preschool students of Islam Shahr with available sampling method and these people were randomly replaced in three experimental groups (n=36) and a control group (n=12). became Then the experimental groups were subjected to parent-child interaction training, attachment-based therapy and self-regulation skill training, and the control group did not receive any training. The data collection tool was the child's emotion management questionnaire (Ziman et al., 2001), which was administered before and after the training. Descriptive tables and statistical methods of one-way analysis of variance with differential scores of multivariate covariance analysis and Bonferroni's adjustment test were used to describe and analyze the collected data. The results show that, in the comparison between the influence of each of the experimental groups on reducing the differential score of emotional control of preschool children, the results of the effect size showed, respectively, the parent-child interaction training groups (ƞ=0.681), treatment based Attachment (0.630=2ƞ) and self-regulation skill (0.408=2ƞ) had the highest effect on reducing differential scores of emotional control of preschool children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
936 - Internet addiction and some of its demographic correlates in Tehran students
Ramin Alavinejad Shirin Kooshki Anita Baqdasariyans Fatemeh GolshaniThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating some demographic correlates of Internet addiction. The research population was all undergraduate students of Tehran universities who were studying in the academic year 1997-1998. The sample of this research inclu MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating some demographic correlates of Internet addiction. The research population was all undergraduate students of Tehran universities who were studying in the academic year 1997-1998. The sample of this research included 800 students aged 18 to 24 who were selected by multi-stage cluster method. Data collection was done using demographic information questionnaire and Internet addiction questionnaire by Yang (1998). Among the studied demographic variables of the field of study, marital status, employment status, parenting methods and the topic of Internet consumption showed a significant difference between normal and problematic Internet users (p ˂ 005). Users who reported their parents as authoritarian or neglectful were significantly more in the group of problematic Internet users (p ˂ 0.1). In general, it seems that the relationship between students' demographic information and Internet addiction can have important implications. Some of these demographic characteristics can be considered in future research in terms of predicting and finding the cause of abnormal behaviors such as Internet addiction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
937 - Determining the contribution of psychological factors in the process of facilitating the bereavement of parents with a child with cancer: mixed research
Saeideh Eslahkar Shahram Vaziri Farah Lotfi KashaniIntroduction: The death of a child due to cancer can be considered one of the most difficult events in life with obvious effects on the physical and psychological dimensions of parents. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of psychological factors tha MoreIntroduction: The death of a child due to cancer can be considered one of the most difficult events in life with obvious effects on the physical and psychological dimensions of parents. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of psychological factors that facilitate the bereavement process in parents of children with cancer. Method: The present study was a mixed research. The desired community was formed by mothers whose children had died due to cancer. From this community, 54 people were selected and interviewed as a sample. Findings: The results of the research showed that the variables of self-efficacy, non-emotional coping, meaning-focused coping strategies, quality of interpersonal relationships, personality traits (toughness), emotional coping and physical symptoms facilitate the bereavement process in parents who lost their child. They have lost with cancer, they are effective. Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, self-efficacy variables, non-emotional coping, meaning-focused coping strategies, quality of interpersonal relationships, personality traits (toughness), emotional coping, and physical symptoms can be used to facilitate the bereavement process. Used by parents who have lost their child to cancer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
938 - The Auditors' Preferences Affecting Factors on Inherent Risk in the Account Remaining Sum Level and Financial Statements Level
Zohreh HajihaPrecise inherent risk assessment is one of important steps for audit risk assessment level by independent auditors that causes to increasing detection risk in an audit and presenting correct audit opinion in risk based audit. The audit risk assessment can affect audit p MorePrecise inherent risk assessment is one of important steps for audit risk assessment level by independent auditors that causes to increasing detection risk in an audit and presenting correct audit opinion in risk based audit. The audit risk assessment can affect audit planning, audit strategies as well as final results. Auditing standards propose inherent risk assessment into two levels of overall financial statements and detailed way of account balances. However, the basic question is when assessing inherent risk, to auditors these two levels are independent or not? Since this relation influences directly on inherent risk assessment of auditee by auditors and finally it will affects detection risk assessment. In order to this, this research investigates the relationship of two levels of inherent risk. The statistical sample of the research consists of auditors of Iranian Association of Certified Public Accountants(IACPA) who were ed randomly and by questionnaire instrument researcher measured the significance of each affecting factor on the levels of inherent risk. Research results indicate that there is positive correlation between elements affecting on inherent levels. However, this correlation is rather weak, there is significant difference between affecting factors on these two levels of inherent risk auditors' view point. In the mean time, in Iranian professional environment, auditors prefer account remaining sum level to financial statements level for assessing inherent risk. The results can help independent auditors recognize affecting factors on inherent risk in both levels and pay attention to the relationship between these factors in Iranian audit environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
939 - The Relationship between Liquidity Ratios and Profitability and Repayment Ability of Debts
Zohreh Hajiha Fereshteh FeizabadiThe main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between cash conversion cycle(CCC) as a liquidity measure with the profitability and debt ratios in Iranian companies. Researches indicate the decreasing of CCC results in a higher profitability in firms. T MoreThe main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between cash conversion cycle(CCC) as a liquidity measure with the profitability and debt ratios in Iranian companies. Researches indicate the decreasing of CCC results in a higher profitability in firms. The CCC is a powerful performance measure to assess how well a company is managing its working capital. Therefore, the population of this study is firms listed in Tehran stock Exchange during the period of 2006 to 2009. By random sampling, we ed 178 firms as a statistical sample. The hypotheses are examined using panel least squares, analyzing with cross section random and fixed. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the CCC and net profit margin; however, there is no relationship with traditional liquidity and leverage ratios. The findings imply that the CCC is a stronger measure for profitability measurement than traditionally liquidity ratios but each liquidity ratios could not measure the ability to repay liabilities. Although, reducing the trend to ray the seller, could damage the firm's credit reputation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
940 - the Reason of Different Capital Structure in Iran in Comparison with Asia Pacific Countries
Rassol Naeempoor ALI Nemati Maasomeh AlaviInvestment structure of companies (financial leverage), doubtlessly, has a significant role to make decision for investment. The studies show that there is a relation between investment structure (financial leverage) and other factors such as rate of return of assets, p MoreInvestment structure of companies (financial leverage), doubtlessly, has a significant role to make decision for investment. The studies show that there is a relation between investment structure (financial leverage) and other factors such as rate of return of assets, profit of shares, changes of profit, profit division percent, size of company, and capital market value than value volume of the rights of share holders. The target to consider investment market is to define the structure of financial resources in order to maximize wealth of share holders. Theoretical framework of this research and also other researches is an appropriate database for such this purpose. There is no doubt that there will be a lot of problems in practice because the investment of shareholders is affected by too many factors among which we can mention investment structure (financial leverage).So financial managers of companies pay their attention to the effects of various methods to provide financial resources and evaluate the effect of different financial structures on investment of share holders. The aim of this research is to consider defining factors and the relation between investment structure and above-mentioned factors in the companies which are accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange Market. According to this target, we have ed 88 companies among the statistical society which provide our required data for an 8-year period of research (2002 to 2009). "Compound Regression" method is used to test research theories and "Significant Test Patterns" is done by F and t parameters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
941 - Explaining the Promoting and Inhibiting Social Components of Companies to Improve the Quality of Financial Statements
Behnam Sam Daliri Kaveh Azinfar Seyyed Ali Nabavi Chashmie Mohammadreza PouraliAbstract Corporate responsibility reporting relates to aspects of individual and social characteristics and corporate governance and the external conditions of the company. Given that the quality of financial reporting has a significant impact on capital markets and af MoreAbstract Corporate responsibility reporting relates to aspects of individual and social characteristics and corporate governance and the external conditions of the company. Given that the quality of financial reporting has a significant impact on capital markets and affects the decision-making process of users of financial reports, so the correct identification of factors affecting the quality of financial reporting from the perspective of different groups, can make financial reports as an important source of information. Rely on users to convert. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to explain the components of promoting and preventing corporate social responsibility to improve the quality of financial statements. The statistical population of the study is the members of the board of directors of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in 1998. 295 people were selected by simple random sampling to distribute the questionnaire. Schwartz (1998) standard social responsibility questionnaire was used to collect information in the field of theoretical foundations and research literature and to test research hypotheses to measure social responsibility. Also, to measure the quality of financial statements, the standard questionnaire of Freddy Van's financial reporting quality (2014) is used. K-S test was used to check the normality of data distribution and structural equation model and PLS software was used to test the hypotheses. The results of the research show that the dimension of individual characteristics and its promoting components and its deterrent components are effective in improving the quality of financial statements. The social dimension and corporate governance and its promotional and deterrent components affect the quality of financial statements. The external conditions and its promoting and deterrent components affect the quality of financial statements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
942 - Individual' Familial and Social Factors Effective on the Experience of Love Failure : A Systematic Review
ladan araghi Abdollah Shafiabadi Ali Delavar mozhgan mardaniradABSTRACT One of the most challenging issues that can happen to people in their lifetime today is the experience of love failure, which is mainly associated with various negative consequences. The aim of the current research was to identify the factors that affect love f MoreABSTRACT One of the most challenging issues that can happen to people in their lifetime today is the experience of love failure, which is mainly associated with various negative consequences. The aim of the current research was to identify the factors that affect love failure. For this purpose, the systematic review method was used. In this section, the community included all domestic and international written sources (printed/electronic) on the experience of love failure, which could be retrieved and accessed through domestic and foreign databases. After determining the inclusion criteria (published from 2000 to now; studies that were published in a reputable journal and had full text; experimental and review studies) and screening and evaluation of articles, 37 studies were selected. With the systematic review of the background of the research and based on the systematic review, personality characteristics, attachment style and maladaptive schemas as three important individual factors, parenting patterns as an important family factor and perceived social support as an important factor. social influence on the experience of love failure were identified. Based on the results of this research, it is necessary to pay attention to the identified individual, family and social variables in the design of interventions and programs that are designed for the prevention or treatment of emotional failure. The effect and role of each of these variables on emotional failure was discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
943 - Compilation of a Psychological Well-being Model for Adolescents with obsessive beliefs based on Defensive Styles, Ego Identity Status and Parent-Child Relationship
Reza Shahla Roya Kochakentezar Mahdieh Salehi Afsaneh GhanbaripanahTo achieve the different dimensions of mental health, communities need to provide the ideal of self-actualization and excellence for their members. Psychological well-being is an effort to grow and develop in order to realize the potential of a person in a variety of di MoreTo achieve the different dimensions of mental health, communities need to provide the ideal of self-actualization and excellence for their members. Psychological well-being is an effort to grow and develop in order to realize the potential of a person in a variety of dimensions, such as autonomy, personal growth, purposefulness in life, mastery of the environment, positive relationship with others, and self-acceptance, all rooted in the development of personality. According to the above-mentioned articles, this research aimed to develop a psychological well-being model for adolescents with social anxiety based on defensive styles, Ego identity status, and parent-child relationship. This research was a correlational study. The statistical population of this study was all the boy sophomores in Tehran in 2017-2018. The sample also included 250 social anxiety students with a multistage cluster sampling method and purposefully selected. The criterions of entering this research included: informed consent, age range (15-18 years) and outcomes of the project included: reluctance to continue cooperation and lack of completion of the questionnaires by participants. The participants completed the Defense Style Questionnaire, the Ryff Scale of Psychological Well-Being, the Ego Identity Process Questionnaire, the Parent-Child Rating Scale and the obsessive beliefs questionnaire. We used structural equations analysis to examine the data. All stages of analysis were performed using SPSS (v.24) and AMOS (v.24) software packages. According to the findings, the parent-adolescent relationship indirectly and negatively affects psychological well-being through defense mechanisms (p≥0.05). The parent-adolescent relationship also directly and indirectly predicts identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
944 - Positive Youth Development, Positive Psychology, Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality, Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality Components, Adolescents
zohreh soheili salek Noorali Farrokhi Kambiz PoushanehThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive development youth education to parents on the quality of the perceived parent-adolescent relationship and was done by quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test and control group. The study MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive development youth education to parents on the quality of the perceived parent-adolescent relationship and was done by quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test and control group. The study population was the first grade high school students in Tehran's District 1 and the sample consisted of 30 girls aged 12 to 17 years (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group) in 2020-2021. The mothers of the experimental group participated in a positive adolescent transformation training program during 12 two-hour sessions. The data collection tool was the Alabama (2001) Parent-Child Relationship Quality Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software and analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in positive parenting scores, punishment and father participation (P> 0.05). The mean post-test scores of the experimental group increased significantly in the components of positive parenting and father participation and decreased significantly in the component of punishment, which indicates the effectiveness of teaching positive youth development to parents on the quality of the parent-adolescent relationship. Emphasis on the components of positive development can be a good practical program to improve and enhance the quality of the perceived parent-adolescent relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
945 - Effectivness of parent_child interaction therapy with educational face_to_face method on executive functions of students with hyperactivity and attention deficit
سحر Bayat mansure shahriari ahmadi mahnaz estekiThe present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of treatment based on parent-child interaction with face-to-face training method on the executive functions of students with hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder. The research method was quasi-exp MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of treatment based on parent-child interaction with face-to-face training method on the executive functions of students with hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental, with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study was all children aged 10 to 12 years in the 19th district of Tehran in 2022 who were suffering from hyperactivity and attention deficit. The sample size of 30 people was determined by the purposeful sampling method, this number of people was divided into two groups by the matching method, the number of each group was 15 people. And the control group did not receive any treatment plan. The research tool was the executive functions questionnaire of Gerard et al. (2000). The method of data analysis was univariate and multivariate covariance analysis.The research findings showed that the treatment based on parent-child interaction with face-to-face training method on executive functions (memory emotional regulation) of students with hyperactivity and attention deficit (p<0.05). It can be concluded that the treatment based on the interaction of the parent of the child with the face-to-face teaching method can be effective in improving the executive functions of students with hyperactivity and attention deficit.Keywords: treatment based on parent-child interaction, face-to-face training, executive functions, hyperactivity and attention deficit Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
946 - Investigating the Relationship Between Dark and Light Personality Traits and Emotional Differentiation with Life Satisfaction
Batoul Alipour gourand Masoumeh Azemoudeh Khalil Esmaielpour Seyed Davood Hosseini nasabThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between dark and light personality traits and emotional differentiation with life satisfaction. The research method was a descriptive correlation. The statistical population was those who were referred to health centers i MoreThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between dark and light personality traits and emotional differentiation with life satisfaction. The research method was a descriptive correlation. The statistical population was those who were referred to health centers in Tabriz in 2021 and 400 people were selected by convenience sampling. The Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (Diner et al, 1985), Johnson & Webster Dark Traits of Personality Questionnaire (2010), light triads of personality Questionnaire of Kaufman et al. (2019), DSI-SF self-differentiation questionnaire (Skowron and Friedlander, 1998), were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test and multiple regression using SPSS software version 26. The results of the Pearson correlation test analysis showed; There is a direct and negative relationship between dark personality traits and life satisfaction. There is a direct and positive relationship between light personality traits and emotional differentiation and life satisfaction. the results of regression model analysis showed that 0.68 life satisfaction changes are explained by predictor variables and light triads of personality have more power among the research components in predicting life satisfaction. Therefore, the results of this study can have practical applications for the use of counselors and psychologists to have a significant impact on increasing life satisfaction by performing psychological interventions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
947 - A Fuzzy Controlled PWM Current Source Inverter for Wind Energy Conversion System
Mehrnaz Fardamiri Seyed Zeinolabedin Moussavi -
Open Access Article
948 - A New Control Method for Smoothing PMSG-based Offshore Wind Farm Output Power
Navid Ghardash khani -
Open Access Article
949 - Coordination Design of Power System Stabilizer and FACTS Controllers Using Nature-Inspired Metaheuristics Optimization Algorithms- A Brief Review
Sayed Mohammadali Zanjani Ghazanfar Shahgholian Arman Fathollahi Sayed Mohammad Hosain ZanjaniElectromechanical oscillations in power systems usually exist due to incompatible conditions and disturbances in the network. Meta-heuristics using search strategy are used to find near-optimal solutions. Typically, the implementation of this approach involves the utili MoreElectromechanical oscillations in power systems usually exist due to incompatible conditions and disturbances in the network. Meta-heuristics using search strategy are used to find near-optimal solutions. Typically, the implementation of this approach involves the utilization of a fitness function to assess the candidate solutions. In nature-inspired metaheuristics optimization algorithms, an analogy from nature is used to generate approximate solutions for practical optimization problems. This work presents a comprehensive investigation into various nature-inspired optimization algorithms, including ant colony optimization, genetic algorithm, and bat algorithm. The primary focus of this paper is to explore their efficacy in the coordinated design of Power System Stabilizers (PSS) and Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS). The objective of this coordinated design is to improve energy system stability and mitigate power system oscillations. Finally, new directions are provided to researchers who work in the field of applications of nature-inspired optimization algorithms and coordination configuration of PSS and FACTS regulators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
950 - An Innovative System for Full-Management of CB Using Current Injection Method
Mosslem Amiri Masoud Rezaei -
Open Access Article
951 - Novel Adaptive Recurrent Neural Controller based on VSC HVDC Damping Controller to Improve Power System Stability
Naser Taheri -
Open Access Article
952 - On the Design of Extended State-Dependent Differential Riccati Equation Controller for Nonlinear Reaction-Advection-Diffusion Partial Differential Equation with Multiple Delays
Fariba Bouzari Liavoli Ahmad Fakharian Hamid KhaloozadehThis paper proposes a sub-optimal Extended State-Dependent Differential Riccati Equation (ESDDRE) controller for nonlinear Reaction-Advection-Diffusion (R-A-D) Partial Differential Equation (PDE) systems with multiple delays. A State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) is MoreThis paper proposes a sub-optimal Extended State-Dependent Differential Riccati Equation (ESDDRE) controller for nonlinear Reaction-Advection-Diffusion (R-A-D) Partial Differential Equation (PDE) systems with multiple delays. A State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) is a nonlinear version of Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) in optimal control and it is used to analyze nonlinear optimal control problems. Instead of the linearization or the Jacobin procedure, the ESDDRE technique applies a State-Dependent Coefficients (SDC) for parameterization to construct an Extended Pseudo-Linearization (EPL) representation. All of the multiple delays sections in this presentation can be located in the system matrices and input vectors. The control effort of ESDDRE method is derived based on the Hamiltonian equation and also cost function according to the PDE systems. In addition, the L_2 stability is guaranteed by Poincaré inequality and as well as Lyapunov function regarded on the ESDDRE control strategy for the closed-loop system. The simulation results for the nonlinear R-A-D partial differential equation with one and two constant delays indicate that the proposed ESDDRE controller technique is efficient. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
953 - Online Aggregation of Coherent Generators Based on Electrical Parameters of Synchronous Generators
Farkhondeh Jabari Heresh Seyedi Sajad Najafi Ravadanegh -
Open Access Article
954 - Load Sharing Control of Parallel Inverters with Uncertainty in the Output Filter Impedances for Islanding Operation of AC Micro-Grid
Pourya Sarvghadi Mohammad Monfared -
Open Access Article
955 - Artificial Intelligence Based Approach for Identification of Current Transformer Saturation from Faults in Power Transformers
A. R Moradi Y Alinejad Beromi K Kiani Z Moravej -
Open Access Article
956 - Providing A New Characteristic for Overcurrent Relays
Keyvan Allahmoradi Mohsen Farshad Omid Bahrampour -
Open Access Article
957 - Efficient Data Mining with Evolutionary Algorithms for Cloud Computing Application
Hamid Malmir Fardad Farokhi Reza Sabbaghi-Nadooshan -
Open Access Article
958 - Reduction of Speed Ripple in BLDC Motor Aimed at using in the Servomotor of Aircraft Flap
Mohammadreza Soltanpour Hamid Radmanesh Reza Sobhani -
Open Access Article
959 - Wind Turbine Transformer Optimum Design Assuming a 3D Wound Core
Pedram Elhaminia Ahmad Moradnouri Mehdi Vakilian -
Open Access Article
960 - Prediction of Polymeric Insulator Leakage Current under Water Droplets Using Neural Network
Zahra Ghiasi Faramarz Faghihi A.A. Shayegani Akmal -
Open Access Article
961 - Investigating and Improving the Uncertainty of Control Systems Using Fuzzy Differential Equations
Fateme Arab -
Open Access Article
962 - Design and Implementation of the Predictive Current Control Strategy in the Single Phase Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Inverter Based on Microcontroller
Hamed Javaheri Fard Hamid Reza Najafi Hossein Eliasi -
Open Access Article
963 - Optimal Current Meter Placement for Accurate Fault Location Purpose using Dynamic Time Warping
K. G. Firouzjah A Sheikholeslam -
Open Access Article
964 - Smart Starting of Induction Motor by Changing Core Magnetic Flux Value
Ebrahim Kazemzadeh Mojtaba Zare banadkooki -
Open Access Article
965 - The effect of Rentier government on the patterns of political participation (Case study: Iran, during the Islamic Republic)
shahram tahmasebi mehrdad javaheripour Reza Ali Mohseni MohseniThe purpose of this article is to examine the effects of rentier government on participatory patterns in Iran. The theory of Rentier government is the main approach of the article. The research method is comparative, and the technique of collecting information is docume MoreThe purpose of this article is to examine the effects of rentier government on participatory patterns in Iran. The theory of Rentier government is the main approach of the article. The research method is comparative, and the technique of collecting information is documented. In this article the economic characteristics of Iran is examined. The results show that Iran has a Rentier economy that is highly dependent on the sale of oil. Rentier revenues have made Iran's governments not much dependent on tax revenues, and not dependent on the demands of the classes and social groups. The political participation of Iran has been influenced by the Rentier economy, and three participatory models have emerged in Iran, which are: (A) The pattern of antagonism that its followers are excluded from political participatory process; (B) The Political Non-Support Participation that is continually being absorbed and excluded from the mainstream of political power in Iran; (C) The Political Support Participation that is responsible for the production and reproduction of political forces who are followers of the political system; As a result of the supports by political system for the followers of this movement, they have achieved a comprehensive participatory pattern and a complete cycle of political participation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
966 - Survey the relationship between parents' participation with academic achievement of fifth-grade students in Gorgan city
sadraddin sattari mahdi mirakizadehThis research was conducted to investigate the relationship between parents' participation with academic achievement of fifth grade elementary students in Gorgan city using descriptive correlation research method. The statistical population of the study consisted of par MoreThis research was conducted to investigate the relationship between parents' participation with academic achievement of fifth grade elementary students in Gorgan city using descriptive correlation research method. The statistical population of the study consisted of parents of male students studying in the fifth elementary school of Gorgan, which was 2950 according to the statistics of the education department of Gorgan. From this statistical population, 320 people were selected by using the krejcie and Morgan sampling table and by cluster random sampling method. The data required for parents' participation variable was collected using Margaret standard questionnaire. The student's average was also considered as an indicator of academic achievement. The formal & content validity of the parents' participation questionnaire was approved by the experts, and the reliability of questionnaire by using Cronbach's alpha was obtained 0/93. The collective Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics (single group T test, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis). The results show that the significant & positive relationship between parents' participation with students academic achievement. Also, Parents' Supervision and educational' relation can predict students' academic achievement, but the Parents' Expectations component cannot predict academic achievement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
967 - Rentierism and Political Development of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Said Baghkhani Majid kaffashi soroush FathiNowadays, the importance of oil is no secret to anyone, and the consequences of its income are influential in the different areas of the social life of the exporting countries; therefore, it is futile to investigate these consequences regardless of the social and politi MoreNowadays, the importance of oil is no secret to anyone, and the consequences of its income are influential in the different areas of the social life of the exporting countries; therefore, it is futile to investigate these consequences regardless of the social and political conditions associated with the governments of the above-mentioned countries. Thus, this study has attempted to study rentierism and the political development of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to identify threats, opportunities, weaknesses and strengths using a Delphi method. the Delphi method was used in the field of research and using the open-ended questionnaire, the experts in political sociology, economics and politics were asked questions in six stages of Delphi. In this regard, The most important opportunities: strengthing military power, providing ways to be independent politically and economically, appropriate international relations through income derived from natural resources; Threats: widespread intervention of foreign countries, reduction of national security, and lack of interaction with global economy; Strengths: formation of the middle class, social institutionalization, order and modern state; Weaknesses: lack of seriousness in receiving tax, concentration of resources in the hands of the government, and non-formation of indepdent social groups can be mentioned. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
968 - Meta-analysis of Iranian society's tendency to manage the body
Tahereh Jahanparvar طاها عشایریThe body is a social category and a bio-cultural thing. In proportion to the culture and norm of society, the body also changes. In today's world, the body has become an important thing in social relations, social health and a cheerful lifestyle, as well as gaining soci MoreThe body is a social category and a bio-cultural thing. In proportion to the culture and norm of society, the body also changes. In today's world, the body has become an important thing in social relations, social health and a cheerful lifestyle, as well as gaining social status and approval. Social, the body has become more the focus of society, the current study using meta-analysis method seeks to investigate the reasons for the tendency of Iranian society to manage the body. The statistical population is 68 documents, of which 39 researches were selected by deliberate-judgmental method in the period of 1387 to 1400. Findings in the descriptive section show that in 1392, the most study (23%) was done in this period and was performed in Tehran (23%). Women were the main target of the study (69%) and the research method was cluster type (41%). The tendency to change in the body (body management) is high (35%), medium (29%) and low (36%). The effect size of studies from 39 studies indicates that media resources, cultural capital, social capital, capital, structural resources, consumption style, psychological factors, differentiation, socialization and underlying factors have a significant effect on Iranians' tendency to manage the body. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
969 - The effect of new learning methods of Academic Engagement in the course of thinking and media literacy in the framework of the classification of Differentiated Overt Learning Activities (DOLA)
masoud mohammadi Dawood Hosseini Nesab alinaghi naghi aghdasiIn today's modern world, the intellectual and critical health of any society depends on educating students with high thinking power and strong media literacy. The purpose of this research is to investigate learning methods at four different levels in the framework of th MoreIn today's modern world, the intellectual and critical health of any society depends on educating students with high thinking power and strong media literacy. The purpose of this research is to investigate learning methods at four different levels in the framework of the classification of Differentiated Overt Learning Activities (DOLA) on the academic engagement of students' thinking and media literacy. The main question is whether education within in the framework of the classification of Differentiated Overt Learning Activities (DOLA) (passive, active, constructive, interactive learning levels) on the academic engagement of students' thinking of 10th grade male students.The research method is semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all the 10th grade male students of public high schools in the city of Miandoab in the academic year of 2015-2016. 117 people (30 people control group, 28 people interactive level, 30 people constructive level, 29 people in the active level) were randomly selected as a sample. Tinio's (2009) academic engagement questionnaire was used to measure academic engagement scores. All groups were trained for 8 sessions. After collecting the data, one-way covariance test (ANCOVA) and Bonferroni pairwise comparison were used using SPSS software. The results showed that education in this framework (DOLA) has a positive and significant effect on the academic engagement of thinking and media literacy. The interactive level compared to other groups had the highest positive difference with the rest of the groups, and then they were placed in constructive, active and passive levels respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
970 - THE EFFECT OF THE EMERGENCY STATE ON THE LACK OF AN APPEAL STAGE IN THE SPECIAL COURTS OF ECONOMIC CRIMES
Sohrab Neshastehriz Mahmoud Malmir Masoud HeidaryFields and Aims: The process of differentiation of criminal procedure in the field of Economic criminality is due to factors such as globalization of criminal law, inability of the criminal justice system and inefficiency of traditional principles of criminal procedure MoreFields and Aims: The process of differentiation of criminal procedure in the field of Economic criminality is due to factors such as globalization of criminal law, inability of the criminal justice system and inefficiency of traditional principles of criminal procedure in responding successfully to it. In this process some of criteria such as specialization,rapidity and severity of the criminal response are followed. Approval of executive by-law on how to deal with major crimes disrupting the countries economic system which was approved on 29/09/2020 during the Economic War of post (JCPA) is one of the examples of this process, which according to Article 19 the majority of the rulings of courts subject to this article are final and despite severity of charges and convictions they lack appeal stage and sole purpose is to ensure execution of the sentence. This issue is not compatible with the recognition of the right to appeal as one of the principles of governing a fair trial.Methodology: the present Article has been done by descriptively-analytically method.Findings Conclusion: we have come to the conclusion that this issue is in the line with the criteria for describing the State of Emergency in some international documents and seems to be justifiable. Also, in the opinion of the authors it seems to be essential the recognition of the right to appeal against all rulings issued by-law in the courts subject to this regulation which is similar to that provided for in the Code of Criminal Procedure (2013) for Wartime Military Courts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
971 - The strategy of the rule of justice in climate change and the guarantee of sustainable human security with an emphasis on the principle of shared but different responsibilities.
Hadi Masoudifar Alireza Arashpoor Masoud Raei DehaghiAmong the general principles of law and progressive scientific rules, the rule of fairness has a prominent value and position, and since this rule has considerable flexibility, it has the ability to be applied in dealing with new issues and challenges of public internat MoreAmong the general principles of law and progressive scientific rules, the rule of fairness has a prominent value and position, and since this rule has considerable flexibility, it has the ability to be applied in dealing with new issues and challenges of public international law. Is. Therefore, while defining the rule of fairness, it is necessary to evaluate the position of this rule in the implementation of international agreements related to the field of international environmental law, and also to analyze the need to protect the environment based on the requirements of public opinion in jurisprudence. Accordingly, in this study, which was conducted inductively and using library studies, while evaluating the application of the rule of justice in ensuring human security, it was found that the rule of justice through the principle of "joint but different responsibility" in the Paris Climate Change Conference Has been exploited. On the other hand, it has been shown that the rule of fairness in international environmental law has led to the introduction of the term "climate justice". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
972 - Modeling of Gold coin futures with stochastic differential equations
Rahele Baqeri mohammadreza setayesh Reza RadfarThe capital market is one of the financial markets that in a dynamic economy can pave the way for long-term economic growth.Futures contracts that derive their values from an underlying asset, are included these financial instruments.To enter the futures market, the inv MoreThe capital market is one of the financial markets that in a dynamic economy can pave the way for long-term economic growth.Futures contracts that derive their values from an underlying asset, are included these financial instruments.To enter the futures market, the investor needs to anticipate future trends to cover his risk. For this purpose, the appropriate random differential equation has been selected to model the prediction of future coin contracts in the present study.Thus, after providing the necessary explanations about the necessity of using random models and as a result of new principles called random accounts, to introduce the most important stochastic differential equation in financial sciences including geometric Brownian, geometric Brownian with jump term, Heston and the explained model are discussed. Then, the appropriate model is selected, with a practical approach and based on the ability of each model to predict the price of futures contracts by assembling the Monte Carlo.The results of the fitness criteria regarding the predictive power indicate the superiority of the model explained in these contracts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
973 - Comparison of the performance of Merton and Heston models in predicting the price of gold coin futures contracts
Rahele Baqeri mohammadreza setayeshToday, investing in gold markets is an important part of any country's economy, so estimating the price of gold is one of the most important topics of study for economists and financial analysts who have developed different approaches and perspectives. Naturally, method MoreToday, investing in gold markets is an important part of any country's economy, so estimating the price of gold is one of the most important topics of study for economists and financial analysts who have developed different approaches and perspectives. Naturally, methods can be durable and suitable for use that have the least investment error and risk. In developing countries such as Iran, due to inflation and uncertainty about the future, the demand for gold to cover the risk of inflation is high.The formation of the Bahar Azadi coin futures contract market in the Commodity Exchange in recent years has also helped to create an organized market to cover risk and also to use arbitrage opportunities in the gold market. The trading statistics of Bahar Azadi coin futures contract have grown significantly since the entry of its first symbol in the trading table of Iran Commodity Exchange, so that it has created an organized market with high trading volume and appropriate liquidity in the field of derivatives trading in the country. In this study, we decided to use two models of stochastic differential equations (Heston and Merton) to predict the price of futures contracts and compare the results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
974 - Analysis of Cost and Asset Retrenchment Strategy on Corporates’ Financial Turnaround: Rent Creation Theory and System Dynamics Modeling
Mostafa Beheshti Seresht Mohammad Ali Dehghan Dehnavi Ali Naghi Mashayekhi Meysam AmiryCost and asset retrenchment strategy is one of the most common financial turnaround strategies followed by the firms facing performance decline and financial difficulties. In cost retrenchment, the main goal is to improve liquidity by reducing the cash outflow rate. In MoreCost and asset retrenchment strategy is one of the most common financial turnaround strategies followed by the firms facing performance decline and financial difficulties. In cost retrenchment, the main goal is to improve liquidity by reducing the cash outflow rate. In asset retrenchment, the first goal is to increase productivity through redeployment of assets and the second goal is to finance through the divestment of low-yield assets. Although this strategy has been considered by many researchers as a necessary and effective strategy in financial turnaround of the firms, the results of several empirical studies have shown in some cases this strategy is the cause of further decline and a barrier to financial turnaround. In this paper, we intend to show how the cost and asset retrenchment strategy affects Schumpeterian and Ricardian rent creation mechanisms in the firm, and to find the conditions under which it improves or deteriorates the effectiveness of financial turnaround, using the system dynamics modeling method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
975 - Comparison of different machine learning models in stock market index forecasting
maryam sohrabi Seyed Mozaffar mirbargkar Ebrahim Chirani SINA KHERADYARPredicting time series of financial markets is a challenging issue in the field of specialized studies of time series and has attracted the attention of many researchers. Due to the presence of big data, this issue has led to the growth of developments in the field of m MorePredicting time series of financial markets is a challenging issue in the field of specialized studies of time series and has attracted the attention of many researchers. Due to the presence of big data, this issue has led to the growth of developments in the field of machine learning models. Due to the importance of this issue, in this study, by using the comparison of different machine learning models such as random forest approaches, support vector machine, artificial neural network and deep learning-based recurrent neural networks to investigate the ability of different machine learning models in prediction. The total index of Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2013 to 2020 has been discussed. The prediction results of 1, 3 and 6 day courses for the out-of-sample period show that the machine learning method based on the long short-term memory (LSTM) network, a recurrent neural networks, has a better result compared to other models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
976 - The Assessment of the optimal Deep Learning Algorithm on Stock Price Prediction (Long Short-Term Memory Approach)
Amir Sharif far Maryam Khalili Araghi Iman Raeesi Vanani Mirfeiz FallahForecasting stock prices plays an important role in setting a trading strategy or determining the appropriate timing for buying or selling a stock. Deep Learning (DL) is a type of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that consists of multiple processing layers and enables hi MoreForecasting stock prices plays an important role in setting a trading strategy or determining the appropriate timing for buying or selling a stock. Deep Learning (DL) is a type of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that consists of multiple processing layers and enables high-level abstraction to model data. The key advantage of DL models is extracting the good features of input data automatically using a general-purpose learning procedure which is suitable for dynamic time series such as stock price.In this research the ability of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to predict the stock price is studied; moreover, the factors that have significant effects on the stock price is classified and legal and natural person trading is introduced as an important factor which has influence on the stock price. Price data, technical indexes and legal and natural person trading is used as an input data for running the model. The results obtained from LSTM with Dropout layer are better and more stable than simple form of LSTM and RNN models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
977 - Presenting a Model for Predicting Stock Market Trends by Detecting Fractal Patterns Based on Elliott Wave Theory Using Deep Learning Method
Masoud Nadem Yahya Kamyabi esfandiar malekianToday, artificial intelligence has made a big change in the recognition of chart patterns in technical analysis. Although, the emergence of new and complex analytical methods in technical analysis has provided a new challenge for artificial intelligence methods. One of MoreToday, artificial intelligence has made a big change in the recognition of chart patterns in technical analysis. Although, the emergence of new and complex analytical methods in technical analysis has provided a new challenge for artificial intelligence methods. One of the popular and complex technical analysis methods is Elliott Wave Theory. On the other hand, the speed of progress of artificial intelligence methods is such that a more powerful method is introduced every time. One of the new and powerful artificial intelligence methods is the deep learning method. Therefore, in this research, a model has been presented to predict the trend of the stock market through the detection of fractal patterns based on Elliott wave theory using deep learning method. In this research, 15 Elliott wave patterns were considered, and then 1002 samples of stock price charts of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange were collected and labeled for patterns, and finally entered as input into deep learning algorithm using recurrent neural network model for recognition. In this research, RapidMiner 9.9 software was used and accuracy criteria were used to determine the power of the model. Based on the results, the accuracy of developed model in recognizing patterns is 61%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
978 - A new model for calculating the efficiency of existing cement companies with a network structure (an application of data envelopment analysis)
Mohammad hossein darvish motevalli Farhad hosseinzadeh lotfi naghi shoja amir gholamabriThe purpose of this paper is to present a new model of data envelopment analysis with network structure to evaluate the performance of Tehran cement companies. For this purpose, cement companies listed on the stock exchange during the years 93-95 were evaluated. The res MoreThe purpose of this paper is to present a new model of data envelopment analysis with network structure to evaluate the performance of Tehran cement companies. For this purpose, cement companies listed on the stock exchange during the years 93-95 were evaluated. The results showed that the new model can evaluate the performance of these factories - which have a network structure and include multiple indicators - and, in addition to commonly used financial and technical indicators, to consider undesirable outcomes and sustainability criteria in the supply network. Meanwhile, the mindset of decision makers about the preferential importance of some indicators relative to each other is also considered in the form of weight constraints to bring the efficiency closer to the real value. According to the results, the factories are divided into two categories: efficient and inefficient. Based on this new model, only 7 cement supply companies have been able to achieve efficiency within the three surveyed periods of the 42 listed companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
979 - An Assessment of Foreign Portfolio Investment in Hierarchical Model based on Topsis Algorithm
Gholamreza Amini Khiabani Karim HamdiPortfolio or Stock Investment is one of the most important investment methods especially in foreign market. In regulation of Organization for Investment Economic and Technical Assistance of Iran, stock investment is classified in 5 different sections including “St MorePortfolio or Stock Investment is one of the most important investment methods especially in foreign market. In regulation of Organization for Investment Economic and Technical Assistance of Iran, stock investment is classified in 5 different sections including “Stocks of Corporation”, “Bonds”, “Fellow of Banking Capital”, “Trading Securities”, and “Governmental Treasury Bills”. Gathering the data by means of a questionnaire distributed among the target population including managers and experts of the Organization for Investment Economic and Technical Assistance of Iran, we investigate on stock investment methods in foreign market in hierarchical model based on Topsis algouritm. Due to the answers gathered from the questionnaire, we identified 8 factors effective on portfolio investment to be used in topsis algorithm. These effective factors was entered to a decision making matrix, using in ranking portfolio investment styles based on ideal solutions technique. Results showed that the corporation stocks is the first and the top priority for international portfolio investors Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
980 - A comparative study response rate of firms with business strategies and cost leadership firms with different business strategies to the announcement, using the equations of structural failure
fatemeh zholanezhad Vahid BekhradinasabIn the present study the effect of the quality of corporate earnings announcements reaction ratio was investigated. Features strategies may lower the marginal cost sales with higher sales volumes, economies of scale and a major investment in facilities and physical asse MoreIn the present study the effect of the quality of corporate earnings announcements reaction ratio was investigated. Features strategies may lower the marginal cost sales with higher sales volumes, economies of scale and a major investment in facilities and physical assets named.Meanwhile, the differentiation strategy combined with high sales margins and the quality of the product and branding realized through investment in intangible assets such as investment in research and development and advertising is obtained. Characteristics of the above-mentioned double impact on investor reaction to the information published on the company's profits.The response rate in this study, a comparative study of companies with business strategies of cost leadership and firms with different business strategies to the announcement, has been using the equations of structural failure.In this regard, the 147 companies listed companies of Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2009 to 2015 were studied and estimated using econometric software testing hypotheses to be explored.Using the equations necessary structural failure was that if during the review announcement,In each sample is decreasing, breakpoints and found it to be rectified.The system indicates the sustainability Ascending announcement, the company adopted a business strategy that is cost leadership.The other results of the present study is that companies that strategy cost leadership to follow, announcement, they are generally only to companies that method of differentiation to adopt the changes better earnings your users of financial information Company to showcase.As a result, companies that adopt distinct strategies with diverse interpretation and fewer changes in investors' beliefs are associated.This cross-sectional study to improve the level of knowledge about the market reaction to the announcement, the changes will help.In addition, in this study the convergence of market reaction to the announcement, through changes in business strategies in a predictable situation is shown. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
981 - The effect of financial leverage on the Company's operating liquidity (within the model GOEL)
kamran karimi Shadi Shahverdiani Afsaneh NaeemifarThe main aim of the present study is to examine the effect of financial leverage on operating liquidity in listed companies of Tehran Stock Exchange. Statistical population of the present study is consisted of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during the time pe MoreThe main aim of the present study is to examine the effect of financial leverage on operating liquidity in listed companies of Tehran Stock Exchange. Statistical population of the present study is consisted of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during the time period of 2008 to 2014 and sample volume is equal to 118 companies by using screening method and after the elimination of outlaying observations. In this study, financial leverage was taken as independent variable in order to study its effect on current ratio, cash flow conversion cycle margin of the operational cash flow and return on assets. In this study, in which panel data with fixed and random effects were used, results obtained from firm data analysis by using multivariate regression at 95% confidence level indicated that financial leverage has a direct effect on return on assets. It was also indicated that financial leverage has a reverse effect on current ratio and cash flow conversion cycle. In addition financial leverage did not affect on the margin of the operational cash flow. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
982 - Estimation of Value at Risk with Extreme Value Theory approach and using Stochastic Differential Equation
Amir Shafiee reza raei Hossein Abdoh Tabrizi saeed falahporThe occurrence of financial crises in recent decades has caused a lot of damage to the economy as well as economic enterprises in many countries. The Extreme Value Approach is a new approach to the phenomenon of financial crisis, which has been able to analyze the event MoreThe occurrence of financial crises in recent decades has caused a lot of damage to the economy as well as economic enterprises in many countries. The Extreme Value Approach is a new approach to the phenomenon of financial crisis, which has been able to analyze the events that are less likely to occur but the damage caused by them is significant. In this study, we use the Extreme Value theory and Stochastic differential equations to find a new method for estimating the more precisely the value at risk. For this purpose, after estimating the parameters of the Stochastic differential equations, which includes the geometric Brownian motion, the geometric Brownian motion with the jump, the nonlinear GARCH model, and the Heston model, simulate the Monte Carlo simulations of future paths and then use peak over threshold approach, to estimate the value We at risk. The results of the simultaneous use of Stochastic differential equations and Extreme value theory are compared with historical simulations and variance-covariance approaches for value at risk. The results of Back-test techniques on value at risk indicate the superiority of the Heston model in estimation of value at risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
983 - The Effect of Corporate Strategies on the Market Response to Earnings Announcements of Listed Companies of Tehran Stock and Exchange
mohammadali Mirzaei Emamchay fatemeh samadi MASOMEH LATIFINENMARANThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of corporate strategies on the market response to earnings announcements of listed companies of Tehran stock and exchange .The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of corporate strategies on the market response to MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of corporate strategies on the market response to earnings announcements of listed companies of Tehran stock and exchange .The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of corporate strategies on the market response to earnings announcements of listed companies of Tehran stock and exchange. This study was a descriptive-correlation and an applied research . The statistical l population of research consists of all companies listed in Tehran stock exchange market during 2010 to 2015 that a number of 118 companies were active in this period . Data of research was extracted from financial reports of companies and analyzed by regression models in panel data method . Findings showed that implementing the strategy of differentiation in products has direct effect on the market reaction to earnings announcements . Also the findings showed that increasing the level of cost leadership strategy, the market reaction to earnings announcement will increase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
984 - Predicting Personal Responsibility of Adolescents Based on Perceived Parenting Styles and Spiritual Intelligence
, smanh dokanch hoda larjvardiThe purpose of this study was to predict adolescents' personal responsibility based on perceived parenting styles and spiritual intelligence. The descriptive research method used was correlational design. The statistical population included all secondary school st MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict adolescents' personal responsibility based on perceived parenting styles and spiritual intelligence. The descriptive research method used was correlational design. The statistical population included all secondary school students of the third district of Qom province (9934) who were studying in the academic year 2019-2020. The statistical sample consisted of 372 members of the aforementioned statistical population, which were selected using an available sampling method, using Karjesi and Morgan's table to determine it. The tools used included the standard questionnaire of personal responsibility for teenagers Mergler and Shield (2016), the perceived parenting scale of Grolink et al. (1997) and the spiritual intelligence questionnaire of King (2008). SPSS version 20 statistical software and simultaneous multiple regression tests and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that about 18.9% of the variance of teenagers' personal responsibility is predicted by perceived parenting styles and subscales of spiritual intelligence. Additionally, the results showed that mother and father involvement, support for autonomy, and warmth had a positive correlation with personal responsibility. Critical existential thinking, production of personal meaning, and transcendental consciousness were also positively correlated with personal responsibility, but expanded consciousness was not significantly related. Critical existential thinking, production of personal meaning, and transcendental consciousness were also positively correlated with personal responsibility, but expanded consciousness was not significantly related. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
985 - Analytical-Approximate Solution for Nonlinear Volterra Integro-Differential Equations
M. Matinfar A. Riahifar -
Open Access Article
986 - Initial value problems for second order hybrid fuzzy differential equations
M. Otadi -
Open Access Article
987 - Application of DJ method to Ito stochastic differential equations
H. Deilami Azodi -
Open Access Article
988 - A Chebyshev functions method for solving linear and nonlinear fractional differential equations based on Hilfer fractional derivative
M. H. Derakhshan A. Aminataei -
Open Access Article
989 - The moving frame method and invariant subspace under parametric group actions
Y. Alipour Fakhri Y. Azadi -
Open Access Article
990 - Solvability of infinite systems of differential equations of general order in the sequence space $bv_{\infty}$
M. H. Saboori M. Hassani R. AllahyariWe introduce the Hausdorff measure of noncompactness in the sequence space $bv_{\infty}$ and investigate the existence of solution of infinite systems of differential equations with respect to Hausdorff measure of noncompactness. Finally, we present an example to defend MoreWe introduce the Hausdorff measure of noncompactness in the sequence space $bv_{\infty}$ and investigate the existence of solution of infinite systems of differential equations with respect to Hausdorff measure of noncompactness. Finally, we present an example to defend of theorem of existential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
991 - Homogeneous fuzzy wave equation on the half-line under generalized Hukuhara differentiability
S. Rahimi Charmhini M. S. Asgari -
Open Access Article
992 - A note on the convergence of the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation by homotopy analysis method
A. Fallahzadeh M. A. Fariborzi Araghi -
Open Access Article
993 - Solving the liner quadratic differential equations with constant coefficients using Taylor series with step size h
M. Karimian -
Open Access Article
994 - Numerical solution of Fredholm integral-differential equations on unbounded domain
M. Matinfar A. Riahifar -
Open Access Article
995 - Existence and uniqueness of solution of Schrodinger equation in extended Colombeau algebra
M. Alimohammady F. Fattahi -
Open Access Article
996 - On edge detour index polynomials
Sh. Safari Sabet M. Farmani O. Khormali A. Mahmiani Z. Bagheri -
Open Access Article
997 - Numerical Solution of Heun Equation Via Linear Stochastic Differential Equation
H. R. Rezazadeh M. Maghasedi B. shojaee -
Open Access Article
998 - On the convergence of the homotopy analysis method to solve the system of partial differential equations
A. Fallahzadeh M. A. Fariborzi Araghi V. Fallahzadeh -
Open Access Article
999 - Operational matrices with respect to Hermite polynomials and their applications in solving linear differential equations with variable coefficients
Z. Kalateh Bojdi S. Ahmadi-Asl A. Aminataei -
Open Access Article
1000 - Stochastic averaging for SDEs with Hopf Drift and polynomial diffusion coefficients
M. Alvand -
Open Access Article
1001 - Second order linear differential equations with generalized trapezoidal intuitionistic Fuzzy boundary value
S. P. Mondal T. K. Roy -
Open Access Article
1002 - Signature submanifolds for some equivalence problems
M. Nadjakhah Z. Pahlevani Tehrani -
Open Access Article
1003 - Solution of the first order fuzzy differential equations with generalized differentiability
L. Jamshidi T. Allahviranloo -
Open Access Article
1004 - Numerical solution of second-order stochastic differential equations with Gaussian random parameters
R. Farnoosh H. Rezazadeh A. Sobhani D. Ebrahimibagha -
Open Access Article
1005 - Approximate solution of fourth order differential equation in Neumann problem
J. Rashidinia D. Kalvand L. Tepoyan -
Open Access Article
1006 - Numerical Solution of Nonlinear System of Ordinary Differential Equations by the Newton-Taylor Polynomial and Extrapolation with Application from a Corona Virus Model
Bahman Babayar-Razlighi -
Open Access Article
1007 - Estimates for the Generalized Fourier-Bessel Transform in the Space L2
salah El ouadih -
Open Access Article
1008 - The combined reproducing kernel method and Taylor series for solving nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations
Azizallah Alvandi Mahmoud Paripour -
Open Access Article
1009 - Airy equation with memory involvement via Liouville differential operator
Bahram Agheli Abdolali Neamaty Mehdi Nategh Dumitru Baleanu -
Open Access Article
1010 - Reproducing Kernel Space Hilbert Method for Solving Generalized Burgers Equation
M. Karimian A. Karimian -
Open Access Article
1011 - Jacobi Operational Matrix Approach for Solving Systems of Linear and Nonlinear Integro-Differential Equations
Khadijeh Sadri Zainab Ayati -
Open Access Article
1012 - Using Chebyshev polynomial’s zeros as point grid for numerical solution of nonlinear PDEs by differential quadrature- based radial basis functions
Majid Erfanian Sajad Kosari -
Open Access Article
1013 - On a modi cation of the Chebyshev collocation method for solving fractional diffiusion equation
Hosein jalebbonab Hojatollah Adibi -
Open Access Article
1014 - Approximate solution of system of nonlinear Volterra integro-differential equations by using Bernstein collocation method
Sara Davaeifar Jalil Rashidinia -
Open Access Article
1015 - The Tau-Collocation Method for Solving Nonlinear Integro-Differential Equations and Application of a Population Model
Atefeh Armand Zienab Gouyandeh -
Open Access Article
1016 - Analytical Solution of Steady State Substrate Concentration of an Immobilized Enzyme Kinetics by Laplace Transform Homotopy Perturbation Method
Devipriya Ganeshan -
Open Access Article
1017 - Numerical Solution of The Parabolic Equations by Variational Iteration Method and Radial Basis Functions
Sara Hosseini -
Open Access Article
1018 - Solving a Class of Partial Differential Equations by Differential Transforms Method
Maryam Fahimi -
Open Access Article
1019 - Solving Fuzzy Impulsive Fractional Differential Equations by Homotopy Perturbation Method
Nematallah Najafi -
Open Access Article
1020 - A Note on Solving Prandtl's Integro-Differential Equation
Atta Dezhbord Taher Lotfi -
Open Access Article
1021 - A Novel Finite Difference Method of Order Three for the Third Order Boundary Value Problem in ODEs
Pramod Pandey -
Open Access Article
1022 - Optimal Control of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Model using Variational Iteration Method
Devipriya Ganeshan L. Jane Darne -
Open Access Article
1023 - Solving Fuzzy Impulsive Fractional Differential Equations by Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space Method
nematallah najafi nader Biranvand -
Open Access Article
1024 - Initial Value Problems for Fourth-Order Fuzzy Differential Equations by Fuzzy Laplace Transform
Hülya Gültekin Çitil -
Open Access Article
1025 - Proposing A stochastic model for spread of corona virus dynamics in Nigeria
Aliyu Kinafa -
Open Access Article
1026 - The Lindley-Lindley Distribution: Characterizations, Copula, Properties, Bayesian and Non-Bayesian Estimation
Christophe Chesneau Haitham Yousof G. Hamedani Mohamed Ibrahim -
Open Access Article
1027 - On Increasing of Integration Rate of Elements of a Current Source Circuit
Evgeny L. Pankratov -
Open Access Article
1028 - Stability Analysis of a Staged Progression Susceptibility Model for Infectious Diseases
Jean Pierre II KOUENKAM Gilbert Chendjou Jose MBANG Yves EMVUDU -
Open Access Article
1029 - Analytical Solution of the Effect of Awareness Program by Media on the Spread of an Infectious Disease by Homotopy Perturbation Method
Devipriya Ganeshan -
Open Access Article
1030 - A Method for Solving Nonsmooth Pseudoconvex Optimization
Maryam Bala Seyed Ghasir Aghileh Heydari Mohammad Ali Badamchizadeh -
Open Access Article
1031 - An explicit method for numerical solution of the equation governing the motion of a particle under arbitrary force fields
Ghiyam Eslami Masoumeh Zeinali -
Open Access Article
1032 - THE REVIEW OF ALMOST PERIODIC SOLUTIONS TO A STOCHASTIC DIERENTIAL EQUATION
Siavosh Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
1033 - DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMATION METHOD FOR SOLVING FUZZY FRACTIONAL HEAT EQUATIONS
Bahman Ghazanfari Parvin Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
1034 - ON THE FUNCTION OF BLOCK ANTI DIAGONAL MATRICES AND ITS APPLICATION
A. Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
1035 - NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION BY USING CHEBYSHEV WAVELET OPERATIONAL MATRIX OF INTEGRATION
M. A. Fariborzi Araghi S. Daliri M. Bahmanpour -
Open Access Article
1036 - EXTENDED PREDICTOR-CORRECTOR METHODS FOR SOLVING FUZZY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS UNDER GENERALIZED DIFFERENTIABILITY
Mahnaz Barkhordarii N. Kiani Nasser Mikaeilvand -
Open Access Article
1037 - THE COMPARISON OF EFFICIENT RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS COLLOCATION METHODS FOR NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE PARABOLIC PDE’S
S. S. Mirshojaei S. Fayazzadeh -
Open Access Article
1038 - HYBRID OF RATIONALIZED HAAR FUNCTIONS METHOD FOR SOLVING DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF FRACTIONAL ORDER
Y. Ordokhani N. Rahimi -
Open Access Article
1039 - HAAR WAVELET AND ADOMAIN DECOMPOSITION METHOD FOR THIRD ORDER PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS ARISING IN IMPULSIVE MOTION OF A AT PLATE
I. Singh S. Kumar -
Open Access Article
1040 - APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORM METHOD TO SOLVE HYBRID FUZZY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Mahmoud Paripour Homa Heidari Elahe Hajilou -
Open Access Article
1041 - SOLVING INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION BY USING B- SPLINE INTERPOLATION
Majid Amirfakhrian Katayoon Shakibi -
Open Access Article
1042 - APPLICATION NEURAL NETWORK TO SOLVE ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Nouredin Parandin Somayeh Ezadi -
Open Access Article
1043 - A STRONG COMPUTATIONAL METHOD FOR SOLVING OF SYSTEM OF INFINITE BOUNDARY INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
M. Matinfar Abbas Riahifar H. Abdollahi -
Open Access Article
1044 - GENERALIZATION OF TITCHMARSH'S THEOREM FOR THE GENERALIZED FOURIER-BESSEL TRANSFORM
S. El ouadih R. Daher M. El hamma -
Open Access Article
1045 - NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE MOST GENERAL NONLINEAR FREDHOLM INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL-DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS BY USING TAYLOR POLYNOMIAL APPROACH
H. Adibi A. Taherian -
Open Access Article
1046 - SPLINE COLLOCATION FOR FREDHOLM AND VOLTERRA INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Nehzat Ebrahimi Jalil Rashidinia -
Open Access Article
1047 - NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL HEAT AND WAVE EQUATION BY NON-POLYNOMIAL QUINTIC SPLINE
Jalil Rashidinia Mohamadreza Mohsenyzade -
Open Access Article
1048 - A NEW MODIFIED HOMOTOPY PERTURBATION METHOD FOR SOLVING LINEAR SECOND-ORDER FREDHOLM INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
M. Sotoodeh M. A Fariborzi Araghi -
Open Access Article
1049 - USING PG ELEMENTS FOR SOLVING FREDHOLM INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Majid Karami -
Open Access Article
1050 - ADOMIAN DECOMPOSITION METHOD AND PADÉ APPROXIMATION TO DETERMINE FIN EFFICIENCY OF CONVECTIVE SOLAR AIR COLLECTOR IN STRAIGHT FINS
Tabet Ismail M. Kezzar K. Touafe N. Bellel S. Gherieb A. Khelifa M. Adouane -
Open Access Article
1051 - Comparison of Academic Motivation, Social Competence and Academic Identity of Children of Single-parent Families and Nuclear Families
raheleh shukuhi leyla bizhanikashkak fatemeh khazaeipoolThe purpose of this study was to compare academic motivation, social competence and academic identity of children of single-parent families and nuclear families. Using purposive sampling method, this cross-sectional study was carried out on 50 children of single-parent MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare academic motivation, social competence and academic identity of children of single-parent families and nuclear families. Using purposive sampling method, this cross-sectional study was carried out on 50 children of single-parent families and 50 children of nuclear families who were homogeneous in terms of their age. The study made use of the inventory of school motivation (ISM) (McInerney & Sinclair, 1992), adolescent multidimensional social competence questionnaire (AMSC-Q) (Gómez-Ortiz & et al., 2017) and academic identity status questionnaire (AISQ) (Wass & Isaacson, 2008). In this study, Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used for data analysis. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there is a difference between academic motivation, social competence and academic identity among children of single-parent families and nuclear families. In this way, the children of single-parent families have lower scores in academic motivation, social competence and academic identity (achievement) than the children of nuclear families. The results also show that children of single-parent families have higher scores in academic identity (moratorium, diffusion and foreclose) than children of nuclear families. These results have important implications for family structure for their children's academic functions. Accordingly, educational psychologists and educational counselors can benefit from the results of the present study to improve the educational problems of single-parent children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1052 - Evaluation growth indices of two cultivars of Native and Corrected rice (Oryza sativa L.) in different irrigation Management.
Nematollah sedaghat همت اله پیردشتی علی راحمی کاریزکی سعید صفی خانیIn order to determine the effect of different irrigation managements on rice growth indices, an experiment was done in factorial based on randomized complete block design in Rice Research Institute of Iran, Deputy of Mazandaran, Amol during 2011. Treatments were differe MoreIn order to determine the effect of different irrigation managements on rice growth indices, an experiment was done in factorial based on randomized complete block design in Rice Research Institute of Iran, Deputy of Mazandaran, Amol during 2011. Treatments were different irrigation managements including Alternate Wet and Drying (AWD), Semi-Dry Cultivation (SDC), combining Shallow water depth with Wetting and Drying (SWD) and Traditional Irrigation (TI) and two contrast cultivars of Tarom and Fajr as native and improved cultivars, respectively. Growth indices were fitted using measuring the dry weight and leaf area over seven sampling times during rice growing stages. The results showed that IT (with an average of 7694 kg) had the highest paddy yield followed by AWD (with an average of 7056 kg), SDC (with an average of 6856/8 kg) and SWD (with an average of 6358/7 kg). Leaf area index in Tarom cultivar varied from 2.99 in the combining Shallow water depth with wetting and drying to 4.6 in alternate wet and drying regimes. By contrast, LAI in Fajr cultivar ranged from 4.1 in the alternate wet and drying to 5.6 in traditional irrigation regimes. In conclusion, the maximum leaf area index, net assimilation rate in Tarom and Fajr cultivars to AWD and SDC irrigation managements could be introduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1053 - Phytochemical study of Zataria multiflora Boiss in different ecological conditions
Ahmad Niczad Shahram Sharafzadeh Ardalan Alizadeh Bahram Amiri Forood BazrafshanIn the present study, 4 different ecotypes of Zataria multiflora medicinal plant (Estahban, Neyriz, Fasa and Larestan), were investigated in order to identify the best ecotype in terms of the highest percentage of essential oil, essential oil components, total phenolic MoreIn the present study, 4 different ecotypes of Zataria multiflora medicinal plant (Estahban, Neyriz, Fasa and Larestan), were investigated in order to identify the best ecotype in terms of the highest percentage of essential oil, essential oil components, total phenolic content, antioxidant properties and polyphenolic compounds of methanolic extract. Essential oils were extracted from all ecotypes by hydro-distillation via Clevenger apparatus, then analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatograph connected to mass spectrophotometer (GC/MS) . In total, 52 compounds were identified in the essential oils of different ecotypes of Zataria multiflora. The main chemical constituents were, thymol (34.41 - 54.35 %), p-cymene (9.49 - 19.85 %), -Terpinene (7.34 - 16.70 %) and carvacrol (5.35 - 15.34 %). Determination of total phenol and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and by the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, respectively. Polyphenolic components of extracts of different ecotypes were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Total phenols varied from 234.66 to 302.28 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight, IC50 values in the radical scavenging assay ranged from 348.63 to 453.76 mg/mL. The predominant polyphenolic compounds in the extracts of all ecotypes included: Thymol, Carvacrol, Quercetin and Rosmarinic acid. The results showed that Neyriz ecotype has the highest percentage of essential oil and the highest percentage of thymol. The highest amount of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity was observed in Larestan ecotype. The predominant polyphenolic component was thymol and was observed in the Fasa ecotype. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1054 - Evaluation of dry matter remobilization of assimilates materials amount and their contribution to the yield of different bread wheat varieties and lines in Ardabil
Roghayyeh Zabihi-e-Mahmoodabad Ahmad Tobeh Marefat Ghasemi Shahzad Jamaati-e-SomarinIn order to evaluation of dry matter remobilization of assimilates materials amount and their contribution to the yield of different bread wheat varieties and lines in Ardabil, an experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications with ten cultivars MoreIn order to evaluation of dry matter remobilization of assimilates materials amount and their contribution to the yield of different bread wheat varieties and lines in Ardabil, an experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications with ten cultivars (Includes: Uroom, Zare, MV-Magdalena, Soissons, MV-Toborzo, Mihan, Pishgam, FD-11111 and FD-12073) was done in Research Station of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Ardabil in 2015-2016. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference between the lines and cultivars studied, for different traits. FD-11111 line has the highest number of grain per spikes, grain yield per square meter, the share in the filling and grain growth (7417.9 grams per square meter).The MV-bodri variety has the highest biological yield per square meter, the percentage of share the transfer process dry matter from shoot (19.723%) in the yield and maximum transfer of dry matter from total of shoots to the grain. The MV-Magdalena variety also has the lowest biological yield and highest harvest index, the highest percentage (47.797%) of dry matter remobilization efficiency of shoots and with 3.57 percent was the highest current photosynthesis efficiency. The highest current photosynthesis contribution in Zare cultivar (89.923 grams per square meter) that has the lowest proportion of dry matter remobilization was obtained. So generally can be said that was much higher current photosynthesis contribution in increasing grain yield, and FD-11111 line between studied genotypes, was the best lines. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1055 - Conformational Study of some novel Methoxy Half-Analogues of Michler’s Ketone by NMR
Naghi Saadatjou Geoffrey Hallas -
Open Access Article
1056 - Determination of trace amounts of lead by adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry in the presence of xylenol orange
Ali Niazi Roya Tajik Samira Kamel Foladi -
Open Access Article
1057 - study of different percentage of alcalase enzyme on the fish protein hydrolysate properties from silver carp viscera
tayebeh dahaz mehdi zarei hoda jasemian fardThe aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the protein hydrolyzate from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) viscera using different percentages of Alcalase. For this purpose, hydrolyzed proteins were produced using different percentages of Alc MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the protein hydrolyzate from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) viscera using different percentages of Alcalase. For this purpose, hydrolyzed proteins were produced using different percentages of Alcalase and the samples were analyzed for the amount of total protein, moisture, fat, ash, soluble protein, hydrolisis degree, nitrogen recovery, amounts of minerals and color parameters (brightness, redness and yellowness). According to the results, increased the amounts of percentage of enzyme to substrate led to increase the amounts of moisture, fat, nitrogen recovery and red index and decrease the amounts of ash, brightness and yellowness index. In general, by increasing the percentage of Alcalase to the substrate, to a specified amount, that in this study was 1.5 percent, the degree of hydrolysis increased, but then, a further increase in the amount of the enzyme led to reduce the degree of hydrolysis and had negative effects on the other experiments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1058 - Analysis of the Effect of Administrative Corruption on GDP Per Capita in Selected Oil Exporting Countries
asadollah akhzari najafabadi seyed mohsen khalifeh soltaniThe purpose of the current research is to analyze the effect of administrative corruption on GDP per capita in 11 selected oil exporting countries as countries with natural resources, which due to the existence of rents caused by oil, the possibility of administrative c MoreThe purpose of the current research is to analyze the effect of administrative corruption on GDP per capita in 11 selected oil exporting countries as countries with natural resources, which due to the existence of rents caused by oil, the possibility of administrative corruption in them is higher due to the possibility of rent-seeking activities. For this purpose, the country risk corruption index (ICRG) was considered as the main independent variable and the control variables of foreign direct investment, foreign trade and human development index, inflation and population growth rate were also considered. The research model was estimated for the period of 2012-2021 using the generalized method of moments (GMM). The results of the estimation of the model indicate the positive effect of the first lag of GDP per capita, corruption control, foreign direct investment, foreign trade and human development index on the GDP per capita of the selected countries. On the other hand, inflation and population growth rate have a negative effect on the GDP per capita of selected oil exporting countries during the studied period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1059 - The impact of current and construction expenses of the government on the growth of national income and its distribution in Iraq
maryam emamimibodi Hossein Jassim Mohammad Al-SataniOne of the important economic goals of governments is to achieve the growth of national income and fair distribution of income. In meeting these goals, governments should use financial policy tools such as; Current and construction expenditures should be used for fair d MoreOne of the important economic goals of governments is to achieve the growth of national income and fair distribution of income. In meeting these goals, governments should use financial policy tools such as; Current and construction expenditures should be used for fair distribution of income and control of extreme fluctuations in per capita incomes and ultimately the growth of national income. In this research, the aim of this research is to investigate the impact of current expenditures and construction expenditures of the government on the growth of national income and the Gini coefficient in Iraq, and the VAR method has been used in the returns from 2006 to 2021. The results of the research indicated that; The impact of government current expenditures and government construction expenditures have had a positive and significant impact on the growth of Iraq's national income, but only government construction expenditures have had a positive and significant impact on the income distribution index (Gini coefficient). The results of the variance analysis of the research models show that the greatest impact on the growth of national income and the Gini coefficient is from the side, respectively; economic growth and oil income, and the lowest impact on the two variables of national income growth and the Gini coefficient is related to government construction costs. Therefore, the planners in the country should pay attention that, for the economic growth of this country, the redistribution policies of the oil income of this country should be chosen in principle and optimally. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1060 - Measuring active matter levels in original and open forms of veterinary preparations containing oxytetracycline stored under varied storage conditions
Shahram SaghaeiThis study aimed to evaluate the level of active matter in oxytetracycline stored under different conditions. Analyzing the active matter content of the drug was performed in its original packaging and in opened packages that were stored at room temperature, in the dark MoreThis study aimed to evaluate the level of active matter in oxytetracycline stored under different conditions. Analyzing the active matter content of the drug was performed in its original packaging and in opened packages that were stored at room temperature, in the dark, and in the refrigerator for varying periods. Oxytetracycline was used for each preparation, and the active matter quantities were analyzed after 3, 6, and 9 months using HPLC. Additionally, considering the drug's life cycle, the opened packages were also analyzed at 24 and 48 hours. Results for the drug, which contained oxytetracycline (traditional) and was stored in a normal temperature room, were respectively: (6.14 ± 0.32, 6.50 ± 0.19), (5.58 ± 0.00, 6.38 ± 0.20), and (6.08 ± 0.10, 6.45 ± 0.32) ppm. Also, the results for the drug kept in the dark and a newly unwrapped drug were respectively: (6.29 ± 0.27, 6.37 ± 0.34), (5.30 ± 0.04, 6.30 ± 0.17), and (5.97 ± 0.13, 5.86 ± 0.06) ppm. Finally, the results for the drug kept in the refrigerator and a newly unwrapped drug were respectively: (7.55 ± 0.15, 7.48 ± 0.11), (5.36 ± 0.05, 5.81 ± 0.20), and (6.06 ± 0.36, 5.72 ± 0.07) ppm. Altogether, the results indicated that several external factors, such as heat, light, humidity, and oxygen, significantly impacted drug stability. Additionally, internal factors such as the internal reaction of the active ingredient, preservatives, and solvents influenced stability. Therefore, these various factors collectively affect the half-life of oxytetracycline. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1061 - Interaction of solarization time and plastic color on germination of Amaranthus retroflexus and Sinapis arvensis
Mohammadhassan BaeshtiaghIn order to evaluation of solarization time and plastic color on germination of Amaranthus retroflexus and Sinapis arvensis in Estahban region, this study was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Fact MoreIn order to evaluation of solarization time and plastic color on germination of Amaranthus retroflexus and Sinapis arvensis in Estahban region, this study was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Factors included solarization duration at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days, and plastic color at Transparent, non-transparent and dark levels. With increase in solarization duration, the percentage of germination of the seeds of Amaranthus retroflexus and Sinapis arvensis, decreased. The lowest germination was observed in 60 days treatment and the highest germination percentage was observed in control treatment. Also, With increasing color plastic dullness, the germination percentage of the weed seeds decreased.According to the results of this experiment, the increase in extreme temperature under the plastic substrate caused a severe reduction in the grain, so that the use of late plastic coating caused most of the plants to disappear at these levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1062 - Interaction of solarization time and plastic color on germination of Amaranthus retroflexus and Sinapis arvensis
M. H. Baeshtiagh F. MohajeriIn order to evaluate the effect of solarization time and plastic color on germination of Amaranthus retroflexus and Sinapis arvensis in Estahban region, this study was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on RCBD with three replications. Factors were selected as MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of solarization time and plastic color on germination of Amaranthus retroflexus and Sinapis arvensis in Estahban region, this study was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on RCBD with three replications. Factors were selected as solarization duration at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days, and plastic color at Transparent, non-transparent and dark levels. Result showed that by increasing solarization duration, the percentage of germination of the seeds of Amaranthus retroflexus and Sinapis arvensis, decreased. The lowest germination rate was observed in 60 days treatment and the highest germination percentage was observed in control treatment. Also, with increasing color plastic dullness, the germination percentage of the weed seeds decreased. According to the results of this experiment, the increase in extreme temperature under the plastic substrate caused a severe reduction in the grain, so that the use of late plastic coating caused most of the plants to disappear at these levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1063 - Evaluation of different watering levels on potato yield
Elnaz Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi Mehrdad Yarnia Vahid Ahmadzadeh Nushin Faraj zadeh In order to evaluate different levels of irrigation on yield of potato varieties, experimental was done in Tabriz region during 2009. The experiment was arranged as split-plot based on RCBD with three replications. Treatment was diff More In order to evaluate different levels of irrigation on yield of potato varieties, experimental was done in Tabriz region during 2009. The experiment was arranged as split-plot based on RCBD with three replications. Treatment was different levels of water stress (irrigation after 70, 110 and 150 mm evaporation pan evaporation class A) and five potato cultivars (Agria, Satyna, Savalan, Kaiser and Markis).The results showed that different levels of water in height, number of stems, number of tubers larger than 60 mm, shoots and tuber dry weight, nitrate content in tubers and yield was significant at 1% level. And at 5% level significant were obtained for a percentage of dry matter of tubers. Varieties in height, number of tubers larger than 60 mm, shoot dry weight and yield at 1% and tuber dry weight at 5% level was significant. Also, interactions were significant in height, shoot number and yield at 1% and tuber dry weight 5% level. The highest plant height equivalent was 83 cm by irrigation after 70 mm evaporation from pan evaporation surface was irrigated with 150 mm of water evaporated from the pan surface and the lowest shoot length equal to 49.39% decrease in same Figure has been obtained. Maximum number stem was equivalent 5.497 in cultivar Agria by the control and lowest number stem was 2 numbers in Markis in the control that can be caused by genetic differences. Maximum yield was equivalent 3.598 kg/m2 in Agria by level control and least amount of yield reduction in this equivalent 46.11% by irrigation after 150 mm evaporation from pan evaporation levels are achieved. The purpose of this experimental was the resistance of different varieties of potatoes to different levels on growth and performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1064 - Investig ation of sink – source relations in different planting systems rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Fajr cultivar
S. A. Sadeghi S. Ghanbari H. R. Mobasser E. Rahimi PetroudiInorder to investijation the effect of source and sink relationship and the planting systems in the rice of Fajr cultivar, an experiment performed in the rice investigations institute of researches center in Amol at 2010. This experiment performed as split plot with 3 r MoreInorder to investijation the effect of source and sink relationship and the planting systems in the rice of Fajr cultivar, an experiment performed in the rice investigations institute of researches center in Amol at 2010. This experiment performed as split plot with 3 replication. Different planting system including three levels (traditional planting, improved planting and SRI planting) were cutting in main plots and 3 levels of sink- source relations (omitting)1/3 panicle, omitting flag leaf and control in flowering) were allocated in sub plots. maximum grain yield(873/9 gram at m2) produced under system of improved planting. Grain yield has significant increasing in the improved planting compared to traditional and or SRI planting to 18/3% and 25/1 % respectively; because maximum and minimum number of empty spikelet in the panicle obtained respectively for SRI and improved planting systems. Minimum number of empty spikelet in the per panicle producedin cutting of 1/3 panicle that has significant decrease in comparision to control at 39/5 ratio that showing limitation of photo synthesis source in the fair cultivar. Number of empty spikelet at ten panical obtained by cutting of flag leaf have increased about 7/3% compared with control that showing importance of filled in spikelet the flag leaf. Grain yield decreased about 16/4% by cutting flag leaf compared to control. Treatment Intraction effect of different planting systems with source- sink relations was significant only on the number of empty spikelet on panicle, statistically 5 percent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1065 - Effect of nitrogen application and micro nutrients on seed number in Amaranth CV. Koniz
E. Farajzadeh M. Yarnia V. Rashidi F. Rahimzadeh Khoei M. B. Khorshidi Benam Amaranth is a crop belonging to the genus Amaranth. This genus includes about 60 species of wild Amaranth that are majority. Some of them as crop food and some of them are used as ornamental crop. But the majority of them are w More Amaranth is a crop belonging to the genus Amaranth. This genus includes about 60 species of wild Amaranth that are majority. Some of them as crop food and some of them are used as ornamental crop. But the majority of them are weeds without applied.The amaranth seed proteins contain most of essential amino acids that other plants lack like such as lysine. However, one of the most important factors affecting its yield and quality is the plant nutrition and fertilizers on which managing nutritional elements influence greatly. Treatment this study was elements( iron, nitrogen, zinc, and manganese), amount application(100,200, 300 kg/ha of Nitrogen and 3,5 and 7 in thousand Iron, Mn and Zinc) and time of application. The results showed that different levels of nitrogen fertilizer increased the features. The highest of these effects was observed after application of iron, nitrogen and zinc fertilizers by application 2 and 3) and. The study showed that had significant increase in the features of height, number of seeds. However, in case of the number of the seeds several stages of treatment induced similar increases in comparison with application in planting amounts. According to the findings of the present study, treatment of 200, 300 kg/ha nitrogen showed 11.32 and 9.98 % increases in the seed number respectively. Maximum seed number by 7 in thousand application Zinc was 8464 that 3.37 % than control increased. According this experimental application of fertilizers improve qualitative and quantitative features of amaranth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1066 - New Exact Traveling Wave Solution of Fisher Kolmogorov-Petrovskii-Piskunov Equation for Favorite Genes Spreading by -expansion Method
Mohammad Gholami baladezaei Morteza Gachpazan Saedeh Foadian Hossein Mohammad-Pour Kargar -
Open Access Article
1067 - Examination of Fourteen Elemental Impurities in Levofloxacin Parenteral by Applying ICP-MS Technique
Gopikrishna Yenduri Srinivasu Navuluri -
Open Access Article
1068 - Selecting the optimal model for impact of external financing variables on voluntary discretionary accruals in companies with high and low investment opportunities
Omid Sabaghiyan Toosi Zahra Moradi Shohreh YazdaniPurpose: This study explaining the effect of external financing on voluntary discretionary accruals in companies with high and low investment opportunities. In this research, the data of 320 companies during the years 2011-2021 have been analyzed using eviews econometri MorePurpose: This study explaining the effect of external financing on voluntary discretionary accruals in companies with high and low investment opportunities. In this research, the data of 320 companies during the years 2011-2021 have been analyzed using eviews econometric software.Methodology: To test the sub-hypotheses using the middle of 4 methods (MEQLDTA), (MB), (EQGMEQLD) and (Growth PPE), the statistical population was classified into two groups of companies with high and low investment opportunities. Then the hypotheses were tested using unstructured estimation and ordinary least squares (OLS) methods and maximum likelihood logarithm (ARMA).Findings: Results of group hypotheses: There is a positive significate relationship between the use of voluntary discretionary accruals and external financing in companies with high investment opportunities, that are separated by MEQLDTA method and there is a negative significate relationship with GROWTHPPE method, but there is a no significate relationship in other methods. Results of group hypotheses: There is a negative significate relationship between the use of voluntary discretionary accruals and external financing in companies with low investment opportunities, that are separated by PPEQGMEQLD method and there is a positive significate relationship with GROWTHPPE method, but there is a no significate relationship in other methods. Based on and D-W coefficients, optimal models were selected in companies with high and low investment opportunities..Originality / Value: To achieve the optimal investment opportunities, it is recommended to pay attention to the company's financing method in high and low investment opportunities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1069 - Explain the needs of parents with infants referring to health centers
sajjad keramandli Narges Sadeghi Azam Alavi -
Open Access Article
1070 - Investigation nitride coating surface properties and wear on the hot work tool steel AISI H11 in the method pulsed plasma nitriding
کیانوش طاهرخانی خیرالله محمدی حسین تارقلی زادهIn this research, the effects of plasma nitriding parameters investigated on samples with different geometry. Samples were prepared were nitrided under the atmosphere content of 20%H2-80%N2, at the temperature of 520 c, the duty cycles of 30%, 50%, 80% and with frequenc MoreIn this research, the effects of plasma nitriding parameters investigated on samples with different geometry. Samples were prepared were nitrided under the atmosphere content of 20%H2-80%N2, at the temperature of 520 c, the duty cycles of 30%, 50%, 80% and with frequencies of 10 kHz for 6 hours. Then the property of grooves surfaces investigate by experiments of the SEM, Roughness and Micro Hardness measurement. The results of the experiments showed that the surface of the plasma nitriding samples are covered by cauliflower form of particles that formation of this particles in plasma nitriding samples are due to sputtering of the surface during the process. With increasing thickness of the groove, frequency and duty cycle, roughness of surfaces raise. Also micro hardness rise with increasing the thickness of the groove and duty cycle resulting from the increase in percent of deposition particle nitride. The Hollow cathode phenomena occurred in sample with 2mm groove and 80% duty cycle in CPN. This will result in over heating of the sample which leads to a decrease hardness of the surface and an increasing in the Roughness of the surface. Then after the process plasma nitriding, the results of the pin on disk wear test showed that the nitrides coating have wear resistance better than the reference sample before treatment plasma nitriding. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1071 - The effects of deposition variable on the pulse electrodeposition FeNi-WC nanostructure composite
آمنه وحیدیان علی سعیدی محمد علی گلعذارThe increasing demand for magnetic materials in the industry has led to the production of Fe-Ni composite magnetic alloys with ceramic particles. In this research, FeNi-WC nanostructure composite was produced using pulse electrodeposition. The effects of pH, current den MoreThe increasing demand for magnetic materials in the industry has led to the production of Fe-Ni composite magnetic alloys with ceramic particles. In this research, FeNi-WC nanostructure composite was produced using pulse electrodeposition. The effects of pH, current density and the amount of reinforcement on composition and morphology of products were examined, because morphology and chemical composition and structure of samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The result showed an increasing pH, increased slightly nickel and decreased iron, and spherical morphology led to change star one. Due to importance of energy saving, effects of variables on the efficiency parameters such as the current efficiency and specific energy consumption were studied. By increasing pH, current efficiency was increased and specific energy consumption was reduced. When the current density increased, current efficiency was reduced and specific energy consumption was increased. In general, more current density (100 mA/cm2) and lower reinforcement (5 g/L) was observed more uniform morphology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1072 - Determination of optimum production condition and characterization of Potassium Ferrate particles synthesized by electrochemical method
Sina Samimi Sede احسان صائب نوری seyed Ali Hasanzadeh TabriziProduction efficiency and energy consumption are two important factors in electrochemical synthesis of potassium ferrate particles. In this research, the effects of different parameters including applied current density, KOH electrolyte concentration and its temperature MoreProduction efficiency and energy consumption are two important factors in electrochemical synthesis of potassium ferrate particles. In this research, the effects of different parameters including applied current density, KOH electrolyte concentration and its temperature on production efficiency and energy consumption have been studied. The condition of optimized production has achieved in current density of 40 mA.cm-2, 13M KOH electrolyte with temperature of 70 oC for two hours. In this situation, the production efficiency was 84.63% and the energy consumption was 5.05 kwh/kg. In next step, the effect of time duration on production efficiency, purity, formed phases and the size of potassium ferrate particles has been investigated in optimal condition. The results showed that due to decomposition of potassium ferrate particles with time, iron hydroxides and oxides components have been formed which reduces the purity and production efficiency. The sizes of potassium ferrate particles were measured by two method of Debye-Scherrer and modified Debye-Scherrer. This revealed that the size of potassium ferrate particles increases as time passes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1073 - Optimization of pulsed GTAW for hard facing on St37 based with Nob73G2 filler metal
Mohsen Jahanian Najafabadi Hamid Ghayour Masoud KasiriThis study attempts to investigate the micro structure and wear behavior done on the surface of carbon steel. In doing so, specimens of carbon steel were filled through gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) applying pulse and continuous currents by filler metal. The cross-sec MoreThis study attempts to investigate the micro structure and wear behavior done on the surface of carbon steel. In doing so, specimens of carbon steel were filled through gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) applying pulse and continuous currents by filler metal. The cross-section samples were examined by light microscopy and electron microscopy. The hardness test, the hardness of the samples was determined. Pin on disc wear test to evaluate the wear resistance of plain carbon steel specimens coated and welded something done. The wear surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Therefore, a sample with pulse configuration the lowest wear rate is the highest surface hardness. In order to optimize the welding conditions and the impact of each of the factors used to determine the degree of difficulty in pulsed mode, the Taguchi experimental design technique and the use of S / N ratio have been used. Finally, the overall results of the analysis revealed that the variable factors, peak flow and low flow, respectively, are considered the most influential factors on the response. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1074 - The Study of German Cockroaches (Blattela germanica) Midguts Bacterial Flora in Tehran
ساناز اکبری مجید مقبلی محمدعلی عشاقیGerman Cockroaches (Blattela germanica) are insects that often live in dirty environment such as sewagesand toilets and feed from contaminatedmaterials.This insect is one of the most important factors to transport and spread bacteria in human environment, particularlyba MoreGerman Cockroaches (Blattela germanica) are insects that often live in dirty environment such as sewagesand toilets and feed from contaminatedmaterials.This insect is one of the most important factors to transport and spread bacteria in human environment, particularlybacteria of Enterobacteriaceae family. In this study, German cockroachand#39;s midgetandrsquo;s bacterial flora in Tehran was identified. German cockroaches from various regions of Tehran were round up and their gut were extracted and cultured on microbial media. Grown samples identified with differentculture media.Ten bacterial genera were identified in cockroachand#39;s midgut. Nine genera were belonging to gram negative bacteria and one isolates belong to gram positive bacteria. These genera belong to Citrobacter (20%), Psedomonas (18%), Proteus (17%), E. coli (15.5%), Enterobacter (12%), Staphilococcus (11.1%), Salmonella (3.3%), Klebsiella (1.1%), Shigella and Hafnia (1%). Several pathogenicbacteria are growing within the body of German cockroach and transmittedto the human environment with these insects. Most of these bacteria are pathogenic and can effect on human health. In this study, the most of identified bacteria were belong to Enterobacteriaceae family, and could be pathogen and effective on human hygiene. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1075 - The Effect of Embryonic Cartilaginous Tissue Extract on Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Osteoblasts
مرضیه رمضانی رمضان خان بابایی ویدا حجتیAllstem cells are originated from both embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. The most important adult stemcellsaremesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cellsare pluripotentandnon-hematopoietic cellswithahighdifferentiation potential.There arein thebone marrowand MoreAllstem cells are originated from both embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. The most important adult stemcellsaremesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cellsare pluripotentandnon-hematopoietic cellswithahighdifferentiation potential.There arein thebone marrowand otherskeletal tissues.Mesenchymalstem cellsderivedfrombone marroware capabledifferentiationto osteoblast, osteocyte,adipocyte, chondrocyte, tendonsand muscle cells underin vivoandin vitro.In vitro osteoblastic differentiation needs to a variety of factors, which creates condition similar to bone tissue microenvironment. In this study, the effects of embryonic cartilaginous tissue extract was studied to differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell into osteoblast. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from mice bone marrow and cultured in flasks containing DMEM-F12, 100 andmu;g/ml streptomycin, 100 U/ml penicillin and 10% FBS.Mesenchymal stem cellswerepurifiedbyseveral passages, then cellswere affectedby 15day mouse cartilaginous tissue extraction. After21 days ofculture, Alizarin Red staining was usedfor the detection ofosteoblasticcells.Aftereffect of extraction, spindle-shaped mesenchymal stem cellschange theirshapeAndmany appendages was observedincells. Alizarin Red staining has shown osteoblasticdifferentiation ofmesenchymal stem cells.Also osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells has confirmed morphogenic and osteogenic factors at cartilaginous tissue extracts of 15-day mouse embryo. Theresults express of osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.Therefore, it is used in vitro models of osteoblast differentiation and genetic diseases of bone. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1076 - The Carcass Quality of Pangassius hypopthalmus under Different Diets
مجید محمدنژاد شموشکیThequality of fish meat is affected by many factors including nutrition and food consumption. In this research, carcass quality of Pangassius hypopthalmus, with diet of Biomar, calf heart, Gammarus, Artemia, and Tubifex was studied. This study was counducted for 8 weeks MoreThequality of fish meat is affected by many factors including nutrition and food consumption. In this research, carcass quality of Pangassius hypopthalmus, with diet of Biomar, calf heart, Gammarus, Artemia, and Tubifex was studied. This study was counducted for 8 weeks and five treatments: treatment 1: Biomar, treatment 2: Calf heart, treatment 3: Gammarus, treatment 4: Artemia, treatment 5: Tubifex. The 450 fish with average weight of 0.63 g and average length of 3.79 cm was conducted in 5 groups and were cultured for 8 weeks. Amount of food required according to the weight of the biomass and 10 % of body weight four times a day in 8:00, 12:00, 16:00 and 20:00 h. Physico-chemical parameters such as oxygen, hardness, pH, temperature were at saturation, dh 350, 7.5 - 8 and 29 andplusmn; 2 0C, respectively. To measure various factors including crude protein, crude fat and ash by semi-automatic and automatic machines soxhlet and electric furnace (temprature of 55 0C for 6 hours) were used. The results showed that the quality of fish carcasses that percentage of carcass moisture and ash, there is a significant difference between treatments (P andlt; 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1077 - Evaluation of the Differentiation Potential of Human Theca Stem Cells to Oocyte-Like Cells in the Ovary of Women of Different Reproductive Ages
Seyedeh Nasim Mirbahari َAzam Dalman Fatemeh Hasani Mehdi TotonchiThe evidence about the existence and function of ovarian stem cells (OSCs) is increasing. In a previous study, we isolated human theca stem cells (hTSCs) from the ovary of a 19-year-old patient and differentiated them into oocyte-like cells (hOLCs) under induced conditi MoreThe evidence about the existence and function of ovarian stem cells (OSCs) is increasing. In a previous study, we isolated human theca stem cells (hTSCs) from the ovary of a 19-year-old patient and differentiated them into oocyte-like cells (hOLCs) under induced conditions. In this study, in order to prove the repeatability of this experiment as well as the presence of these cells in the ovaries of patients with higher reproductive age and their differentiation potential in-vitro, hTSCs were isolated from the ovaries of 20 and 38-year-old patients and their differentiation potential into hOLCs has been evaluated. In this experimental interventional study, based on the instructions of the previous study, hTSCs were isolated from small antral follicles with a size of 3 to 5 mm. These cells were cultured in six-well plates with A number of 5×104 cells per well in DMEM/F12 induction medium containing FBS, human follicular fluid, glutamine and pyruvate for 40 days. Then their development process was measured by assessing the morphology, size and viability. hTSCs were successfully isolated from ovarian tissue of 20 and 38-year-old patients and cultured in DMEM/F-12 medium containing growth factors (EGF, FGF, GDNF, etc.). After 12 days, hTSCs in both patients started to differentiate into hOLCs and their morphology changed from spindle-shaped to round. The size of hOLCs increased during the differentiation period in both patients (from 20-25 µm to 50 µm). The survival of hOLCs compared to hTSCs was similar in all three patients and did not differ significantly. hTSCs can be isolated from ovaries of women of different reproductive ages and there is no difference in their differentiation pattern to hOLCs in laboratory (in-vitro) conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1078 - Differentiation Effect of Exosomes Derived from Monocytes and Macrophages on Chitosan Alginate Drip Scaffolds
Nasrin Hosseini Javad Baharara Khadijeh Nejad Shahrokhabadi Saeedeh Zafar BalanezhadBone injuries are one of the challenges of medical science which costs a lot of money in the world for the treatment every year. Exosomes are nanovesicles which carry the proteins and genetic material into the target cell, which in turn, induces the proliferation, cell MoreBone injuries are one of the challenges of medical science which costs a lot of money in the world for the treatment every year. Exosomes are nanovesicles which carry the proteins and genetic material into the target cell, which in turn, induces the proliferation, cell survival, and differentiation in the recipient cell. These features make exosomes a proper differentiation factor. This study aimed to investigate the differentiating effect of exosomes derived from the monocytes and macrophages on chitosan alginate drip scaffolds. Chitosan-alginate scaffolds were made by drip method with fat stem cells. Monocytes were cultured, and the supernatant was collected, and the exosomes were collected by the ultracentrifugation. Exosomes were identified by DLS and SEM methods. The samples were treated, and then MTT and DAPI tests were performed. The osteogenic differentiation was examined by alkaline phosphatase and real-time PCR. MTT results showed that the survival rate of differentiated cells with exosomes on days 7, 14, and 21 was increased compared to control group. Moreover, DAPI results showed no cell death in the treatment groups, and the results of the alkaline phosphatase test showed an increase with the control group, and also the results of real-time PCR increased the expression of genes BMP2/6, SMAD4 and differentiation genes Osc and Opn in the treatment group. This study showed that the exosomes derived from the monocytes and macrophages could cause survival and osteogenic differentiation of the fat mesenchymal cells in the chitosan alginate scaffold. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1079 - The Efect of Adding Prebiotic, Synbiotic and Phytobiotic Supplements in the Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Apparent Digestibility of Nutrients and Some Blood Parameters of Fattening Zell Lambs
Mehdi Saravani Mohsen Hajipour Kaveh Jafari Khorshidi Seyed Makan Mousavi Kashani Parvin ShawrangIn this study, the effect of adding prebiotic, synbiotic and phytobiotic supplements in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters of fattening Zell lambs was investigated. For this purpose, 24 Zell male MoreIn this study, the effect of adding prebiotic, synbiotic and phytobiotic supplements in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters of fattening Zell lambs was investigated. For this purpose, 24 Zell male lambs with an avrage age of about 5 months and an avrage weight of 25.4±0.50 were used for 90 days. The experimental treatments included 1- control group (no supplement), 2- treatment containing 2 g of A-Max prebiotic supplement, 3- treatment containing 4 g of Biomin IMBO synbiotic supplement, and 4- treatment containing 6 g of Bioherbal phytobiotic supplement per head of lamb per day. The growth performance results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental treatments in the fattening weight, dry matter intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). The highest weight at the end of the fattening period, dry matter intake and daily weight gain were observed in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement. The treatment with 6 g of phytobiotic supplement had the lowest feed conversion ratio. The highest apparent digestibility of dry matter, NDF and ADF was observed in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement (p < 0.05). The results of some blood serum parameters showed that there was a significant difference in the concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen between the experimental treatments (p < 0.05). The highest concentration of glucose was in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement, the lowest concentration of cholesterol was in the treatment of 6 g of phytobiotic supplement. Blood urea nitrogen had the lowest concentration in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement. The treatment with 4 g of synbiotic supplement had the highest hot carcass weight, hot carcass percentage, cold carcass weight, cold carcass percentage, thigh percentage and shoulder percentage (p < 0.05). The present research showed that the addition of 4 g of synbiotic supplement in the diet improved the growth performance, valuable parts of the carcass and the apparent digestibility of nutrients in fattening lambs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1080 - بهینه سازی بوردهای الکترونیکی مجهز به دو بسته BGA برای بهبود پاسخ در ارتعاشات تصادفی
میلاد شهسواری مسعود عسگریطیف وسیعی از قطعات در طول دوره عمر خود، در بیشتر مواقع تحت بارگذاری دینامیکی و کمتر تحت بارهای استاتیکی قرار میگیرند. مهمترین بارگذاری دینامیکی در دوره عمر قطعات، ارتعاشات تصادفی میباشد. برای ارزیابی چرخه عمر قطعات، معمولاً تحلیل خستگی انجام شده و مقاومت قطعات در محیط Moreطیف وسیعی از قطعات در طول دوره عمر خود، در بیشتر مواقع تحت بارگذاری دینامیکی و کمتر تحت بارهای استاتیکی قرار میگیرند. مهمترین بارگذاری دینامیکی در دوره عمر قطعات، ارتعاشات تصادفی میباشد. برای ارزیابی چرخه عمر قطعات، معمولاً تحلیل خستگی انجام شده و مقاومت قطعات در محیط کاری، مورد ارزیابی قرار میگیرد. خارج از محدوده قرار گرفتن فرکانس طبیعی قطعات، نسبت به حوزه فرکانسی ارتعاش تصادفی، موجب شده تا از پدیده تشدید فاصله گرفته که این امر موجب بالا بردن عمر کاری آن میشود. در این تحقیق یک بورد مدار چاپی که دارای دو قطعه الکترونیکی BGA است، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته و توسط روشهای خاص بهینه سازی، مقدار فرکانس طبیعی آن بررسی و بهینه شده است. بهینه سازی با دو الگوریتم مختلف انجام شده و پاسخ های بدست آمده از هر الگوریتم، مقایسه و صحه-گذاری شده است. ضمناً برای بدست آوردن پاسخ در هر طیف ارتعاش، از نرم افزار آباکوس استفاده شده است. Manuscript profile -
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1081 - بهینه سازی پارامترهای جوشکاری قوس تنگستن گاز پالسی در اتصال غیرمشابه مونل۴۰۰ و فولاد زنگ نزن آستنیتیL۳۱۶
علی خلیلی مسعود کثیری عسگرانی مرتضی شمعانیاندر این مقاله بهینه سازی پارامترهای جوشکاری قوس تنگستن-گاز پالسی از جمله جریان پالس، جریان زمینه، فرکانس پالس و کسر زمان روشن بودن پالس در اتصال غیرمشابه فولاد زنگ نزن آستنیتی AISI 316L و سوپر آلیاژ پایه نیکل مونل۴۰۰ با استفاده از فلز پر کننده ERNiCr3، ارزیابی شد. جهت بد Moreدر این مقاله بهینه سازی پارامترهای جوشکاری قوس تنگستن-گاز پالسی از جمله جریان پالس، جریان زمینه، فرکانس پالس و کسر زمان روشن بودن پالس در اتصال غیرمشابه فولاد زنگ نزن آستنیتی AISI 316L و سوپر آلیاژ پایه نیکل مونل۴۰۰ با استفاده از فلز پر کننده ERNiCr3، ارزیابی شد. جهت بدست آوردن شرایط بهینه از روش طراحی آزمایش تاگوچی، آرایه L9، استفاده گردید. برروی نمونه های جوشکاری شده آزمون های خواص مکانیکی انجام و سپس آنالیز واریانس انجام گرفت. با پیش بینی شرایط بهینه، نمونه پیشنهادی مورد آزمایش واقع گردید و نتایج آزمایشهای آن با نتایج حاصل از آزمایش بر روی نمونه بهینه طراحی شده مطابقت نشان داد. پارامترهای بهینه قوس تنگستن گاز پالسی در این اتصال، جریان پالس ۱۴۰ آمپر، جریان زمینه ۶۰ آمپر، فرکانس پالس ۳ هرتز و کسر زمان روشن بودن پالس ۵۰ درصد می باشد. نمونه ی بهینه طراحی شده با نمونه پیشنهادی تاگوچی در حدود۷/۹۸ درصد همخوانی دارند. جریان پالس با درصد۴/۲۳و فرکانس پالس با درصد ۲/۲۸به عنوان تاثیرگذارترین پارامترها شناسایی شدند. خواص مکانیکی، شامل آزمایش های خمش، کششی، سختی سنجی بررسی شد. در طی اعمال آزمایش کشش بر روی نمونه ها،شکست از سمت فلز پایه مونل ۴۰۰ اتفاق افتاد که از نوع شکست نرم می باشد. بنابراین استحکام فلز جوش تایید کننده آزمونهای کشش و خمش می باشد. Manuscript profile -
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1082 - Convergence of Legendre and Chebyshev multiwavelets in Petrov-Galerkin method for solving Fredholm integro-differential equations of high orders
Saeed Akhavan -
Open Access Article
1083 - Convergence of collocation Bernoulli wavelet method in solving nonlinear Fredholm integro-differential equations of fractional order
Abdolali Rooholahi Saeed AkhavanWe provide a computer method for solving fractional order nonlinear Fredholm integro-differential equations in this study. This method transforms the core issue into a set of algebraic equations using Bernoulli wavelets. The operational Bernoulli wavelet with fractional MoreWe provide a computer method for solving fractional order nonlinear Fredholm integro-differential equations in this study. This method transforms the core issue into a set of algebraic equations using Bernoulli wavelets. The operational Bernoulli wavelet with fractional integration is obtained and used. It works particularly well for technical applications. The convergence of the suggested strategy is the most crucial aspect to note here. The collocation approach for this issue has a unique approximation since these requirements can be shown using mathematical principles and matrices theory. Finally, some pertinent examples for which the exact solution is known are used in numerical simulation to confirm the effectiveness and relevance. Alternatively, these examples will demonstrate the viability and correctness of the suggested approach. We provide a computer method for solving fractional order nonlinear Fredholm integro-differential equations in this study. This method transforms the core issue into a set of algebraic equations using Bernoulli wavelets. The operational Bernoulli wavelet with fractional integration is obtained and used. It works particularly well for technical applications. The convergence of the suggested strategy is the most crucial aspect to note here. The collocation approach for this issue has a unique approximation since these requirements can be shown using mathematical principles and matrices theory. Finally, some pertinent examples for which the exact solution is known are used in numerical simulation to confirm the effectiveness and relevance. Alternatively, these examples will demonstrate the viability and correctness of the suggested approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1084 - تحلیل ارتعاشات آزاد تیر تیموشنکو تقویتشده با نانولولههای نیتریدبور بر روی بستر ارتجاعی
ایلدا عبداللهی محمدحسین یاسدر این مقاله به بررسی ارتعاشات آزاد تیر نانوکامپوزیتی پایه پلیمری تقویت شده با نانولولههای نیترید بور بر روی بستر الاستیک پرداخته شده است. نانولولهها صاف، بدون نقص و با جهت گیری یکنواخت و مستقیم در ماتریس در نظر گرفته شده است. نحوهی توزیع نانولوله­ها در راس Moreدر این مقاله به بررسی ارتعاشات آزاد تیر نانوکامپوزیتی پایه پلیمری تقویت شده با نانولولههای نیترید بور بر روی بستر الاستیک پرداخته شده است. نانولولهها صاف، بدون نقص و با جهت گیری یکنواخت و مستقیم در ماتریس در نظر گرفته شده است. نحوهی توزیع نانولوله­ها در راستای ضخامت تیر به صورت یک توزیع یکنواخت و سه توزیع هدفمند متفاوت در نظر گرفته شده است. خواص تیر نانوکامپوزیتی با استفاده از یک مدل میکرومکانیکی بدست آمده و معادلات حاکم بر اساس تئوری تیر تیموشنکو و با استفاده از اصل همیلتون استخراج شده است. معادلات حاکم با استفاده از روش دیفرانسیل کوادریچر تعمیم یافته حل شده و فرکانسهای طبیعی تیر بدست آمده است. در ادامه تاثیر پارامترهای مختلف از قبیل کسر حجمی نانولوله، نحوهی توزیع نانولوله در راستای ضخامت تیر، نوع بستر الاستیک، شرایط مرزی مختلف و نسبت لاغری تیر بر روی فرکانس طبیعی بررسی شده است. نتایج بدست آمده نشان میدهد که تغییر هر کدام از این پارامترها تاثیر بسزایی بر روی فرکانس طبیعی دارد. Manuscript profile -
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1085 - کاربرد روش تبدیل دیفرانسیل در بررسی تأثیر بستر ارتجاعی برجابجایی خارج از صفحه ورق مدور تابعی
سمیه عباسی فاطمه فرهت نیا سعید رسولی جزیروش تبدیل دیفرانسیلی یک تکنیک حل نیمه تحلیلی- عددی است که با استفاده از آن، معادلات دیفرانسیل حاکم بر ورق به روابط بازگشتی تبدیل شده و شرایط مرزی به معادلات جبری تبدیل می­شوند. در این مطالعه ورق بر روی بستر ارتجاعی از نوع وینکلر قرار گرفته است. ورق از جنس مواد تابعی Moreروش تبدیل دیفرانسیلی یک تکنیک حل نیمه تحلیلی- عددی است که با استفاده از آن، معادلات دیفرانسیل حاکم بر ورق به روابط بازگشتی تبدیل شده و شرایط مرزی به معادلات جبری تبدیل می­شوند. در این مطالعه ورق بر روی بستر ارتجاعی از نوع وینکلر قرار گرفته است. ورق از جنس مواد تابعی است؛ به طوری که خواص آن در راستای ضخامت بر اساس مدل توانی تغییر می­کند. نتایج تحلیل جا­به­جایی خارج از صفحه ورق تابعی بر روی بستر ارتجاعی تحت بارگذاری گسترده یکنواخت، به ازای مقادیر مختلفی از سفتی بستر ارتجاعی، توان ماده تابعی و شرایط مرزی به دست آمده است. به منظور نشان دادن دقت روش تبدیل دیفرانسیلی و تأیید نتایج حاصل از آن، پاسخ ها با نتایج روش اجزا محدود مقایسه شده که تطابق خوبی مشاهده شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1086 - کمانش خطی وغیرخطی صفحات دایروی/حلقوی گرافن ارتوتروپیک به کمک ﺗﺌﻮری اﻻﺳﺘﯿﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻮﺿﻌﯽ
مصطفی صادقیان مهرداد جبارزادهدر این مقاله، تحلیل خطی و غیرخطی کمانش صفحات نسبتا ضخیم دایروی/حلقوی گرافن با خواص ارتوتروپیک بر پایه الاستیک تحت بار مکانیکی مورد بررسی قرار می­گیرد. به کمک ﺗﺌﻮری اﻻﺳﺘﯿﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻮﺿﻌﯽ، اصل کار مجازی، تئوری مرتبه اول برشی و کرنش­های غیرخطی فون-کارمن، روابط حاکم بر Moreدر این مقاله، تحلیل خطی و غیرخطی کمانش صفحات نسبتا ضخیم دایروی/حلقوی گرافن با خواص ارتوتروپیک بر پایه الاستیک تحت بار مکانیکی مورد بررسی قرار می­گیرد. به کمک ﺗﺌﻮری اﻻﺳﺘﯿﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻮﺿﻌﯽ، اصل کار مجازی، تئوری مرتبه اول برشی و کرنش­های غیرخطی فون-کارمن، روابط حاکم برحسب جابجایی–ها بدست آمده و از روش مربعات دیفرانسیلی (DQ) همراه با توزیع غیریکنواخت نقاط (چیبشف-گوس-لوباتو) استفاده شده است. برای اعتبار سنجی، نتایج بدست آمده با نتایج کمانش در مراجعدیگر مقایسه شده و اثرات ضریب غیرموضعی، ضخامت، شعاع و پایه الاستیک، بر بارهای بی بعد کمانش مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است و همچنین نتایج تحلیل به روش تئوری غیر موضعی و موضعی با یکدیگر مقایسه شده اند. از نتایج مشاهده می­شود که بار بی­بعد کمانش صفحات گرافن با کاهش انعطاف پذیری از نظر شرط مرزی، با افزایش ضریب غیرموضعی، افزایش بیشتری می­یابد و همچنین با افزایش شعاع صفحه، اختلاف نتایج تحلیل غیر موضعی و موضعی بیشتر می­شود. Manuscript profile -
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1087 - تحلیل کمانش ورق مستطیلی ارتوتروپیک و غیر ایزوتروپیک به روش مربعات دیفرانسیلی تعمیم یافته ( GDQM )
محسن فتاحی فاطمه فرهت نیا منصور درویزهدر این مقاله، کمانش ورقهای مستطیلی ارتوتروپیک و غیر ایزوتروپیک تحت توزیع مختلفی از بارگذاریهای فشاری محوری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. بدین منظور ابتدا معادلات حاکم بر کمانش ورق ایزوتروپیک اعمال و سپس با استفاده از روابط مربوط به رفتار مکانیکی مواد مرکب، معادلات حاکم ک Moreدر این مقاله، کمانش ورقهای مستطیلی ارتوتروپیک و غیر ایزوتروپیک تحت توزیع مختلفی از بارگذاریهای فشاری محوری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. بدین منظور ابتدا معادلات حاکم بر کمانش ورق ایزوتروپیک اعمال و سپس با استفاده از روابط مربوط به رفتار مکانیکی مواد مرکب، معادلات حاکم کمانش بر ورق غیر ایزوتروپیک به دست آورده میشود. با اعمال روش مربعات دیفرانسیلی تعمیم یافته (GDQM) بر معادلات کمانش تحت شرایط مرزی مورد نظر، یک مجموعه معادلات مقدار ویژه حاصل گردیده که به منظور بدست آوردن ضریب نیروی کمانشی یک برنامه کامپیوتری در نرم افزارMATLAB به نحوی که تأثیر پارامترهایی مانند جنس ورق کامپوزیتی، نسبت طول به عرض ورق، تعداد لایهها، زاویه چیدن لایهها، نوع بارگذاری و شرایط مرزی به صورت تکیه گاه گیردار و ساده در آن لحاظ شده باشد، نوشته شده است. در این تحقیق بارگذاری های متفاوت یکنواخت تک محوری و دو محوری، خطی و سهمی شکل متغیر در راستای طولی و عرضی ورق اعمال شده است. همچنین مقایسه رفتارکمانش برای ورق ارتوتروپیک و غیر ایزوتروپیک نیز صورت گرفته است. نتایج حاصل از روش مربعات دیفرانسیلی تعمیم یافته (GDQM) با نتایج گزارش شده از حل رایلی- ریتز و حل اجزای محدود به کمک نرم افزار ANSYS 8.0 مقایسه و تایید شده است. Manuscript profile -
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1088 - Nonlocal Mechanical Buckling Analysis of Nano Single Layer Sheets Using Differential Quadrature method
M. Sadeghian M. Jabbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
1089 - بررسی تجربی و شبیهسازی فرآیند شکلدهی غلتکی سرد لوله به روش تحلیل اجزای محدود
حسن مسلمی نائینی مهدی تاجداری سیامک مزدک ولی اله پناهی زادهفرآیند شکلدهی غلتکی سرد یکی از روشهای شکلدهی فلزات است و روشی متداول برای تولید لوله از ورق تخت میباشد. در این مقاله تغییر شکل الاستیک-پلاستیک یک ورق فلزی طی فرآیند شکلدهی غلتکی سرد و تبدیل آن به لوله توسط نرمافزار روش اجزای محدود انسیس[1]، بررسی شده است. در این ش Moreفرآیند شکلدهی غلتکی سرد یکی از روشهای شکلدهی فلزات است و روشی متداول برای تولید لوله از ورق تخت میباشد. در این مقاله تغییر شکل الاستیک-پلاستیک یک ورق فلزی طی فرآیند شکلدهی غلتکی سرد و تبدیل آن به لوله توسط نرمافزار روش اجزای محدود انسیس[1]، بررسی شده است. در این شبیهسازی مراحل فشاری شدید، مرحله راهنما و مرحله پرهای مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. در بخش عملی با استفاده از اطلاعات خطوط لوله 24 اینچ کارخانه لولهسازی اهواز مدلی جداگانه طراحی گردیده است. نتایج حاصل از شبیهسازی با آنچه از مطالعات تجربی و تحلیلی دیگر پژوهشگران و با نتایج تجربی شرکت لولهسازی اهواز به دست آمده است؛ مقایسه گردیده و همخوانی خوبی بین آنها دیده میشود. [1]-Ansys Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1090 - استفاده از روش بهبود یافته انتگرال دیفرانسیلی برای تحلیل ارتعاشات صفحه ارتوتروپیک قطاعی روی بستر الاستیک
مسلم محمدی مصطفی غیور علی فرج پوردر مقاله حاضر از روش بهبود یافته انتگرال دیفرانسیلی برای تحلیل ارتعاشات آزاد یک صفحه­ قطاعی شکل با رفتار ارتوتروپیک قطبی بر روی بستر الاستیک دو پارامتری استفاده شده است. جزئیات و فرمول بندی این روش عددی ارائه شده و با استفاده از آن مقادیر دقیقی از فرکانسهای طبیعی ب Moreدر مقاله حاضر از روش بهبود یافته انتگرال دیفرانسیلی برای تحلیل ارتعاشات آزاد یک صفحه­ قطاعی شکل با رفتار ارتوتروپیک قطبی بر روی بستر الاستیک دو پارامتری استفاده شده است. جزئیات و فرمول بندی این روش عددی ارائه شده و با استفاده از آن مقادیر دقیقی از فرکانسهای طبیعی برای محدوده وسیعی از دو پارامتر بستر الاستیک با هم مقایسه شده است. از مزیتهای روش بهبود یافته انتگرال دیفرانسیلی میتوان به عدم استفاده از روش دلتا و سادگی اعمال شرایط مرزی اشاره کرد. همچنین این روش عددی هیچ گونه محدودیتی در مقدار زاویه رأس قطاع و یا نوع شرایط مرزی ندارد. این در حالی است که اکثر روش­های عددی در این دو مورد دارای محدودیتاند. فرکانسهای طبیعی یک ورق قطاعی شکل با خواص ارتوتروپیک قطبی بر روی بستر الاستیک دو پارامتری برای اولین بار با استفاده از روش بهبود یافته انتگرال دیفرانسیلی در این بررسی بهدست آمده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1091 - تحلیل خمش صفحات ساندویچی کامپوزیتی بر اساس تئوری تغییر شکل برشی مرتبه اول با استفاده از روش مربعات دیفرانسیلی تعمیم یافته و هارمونیک
مصطفی یزدانی اعظم قاسمی محمد هدایتیهدف از این تحقیق، بکارگیری روش­های مربعات دیفرانسیلی تعمیم­یافته و هارمونیک به­عنوان روش­های دقیق و سریع در تحلیل خمش صفحات ساندویچی می­باشد. تحلیل خمش صفحات ساندویچی تحت شرایط مرزی و بارگذاری­های جانبی مختلف و با استفاده از دو روش مربعات دیفرانس Moreهدف از این تحقیق، بکارگیری روش­های مربعات دیفرانسیلی تعمیم­یافته و هارمونیک به­عنوان روش­های دقیق و سریع در تحلیل خمش صفحات ساندویچی می­باشد. تحلیل خمش صفحات ساندویچی تحت شرایط مرزی و بارگذاری­های جانبی مختلف و با استفاده از دو روش مربعات دیفرانسیلی تعمیم یافته و مربعات دیفرانسیلی هارمونیک بر اساس دو تئوری کلاسیک و مرتبه اول برشی، انجام شده است. تأثیر ناهمسانگردی لایه­ها، زاویه­ی قرارگیری الیاف، نسبت ضخامت به طول صفحه، نسبت ضخامت هسته به پوسته بر مسئله خمش مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. برای حل عددی از نرم­افزار متلب استفاده شده است. مقایسه­ نتایج عددی بدست آمده ازدو روش مربعات دیفرانسیلی تعمیم­یافته و هارمونیک با نتایج موجود در تحقیقات گذشته نشان از دقت، توانایی و نرخ همگرایی خوب این دو روش دارد. سرعت بالا و دقت بسیارخوب این روش­ها، اهمیت استفاده از آن­ها را به ویژه در حل مسائل پیچیده نشان می­دهد. با استفاده از روش مربعات دیفرانسیلی تعمیم یافته نشان داده شد که با افزایش نسبت ناهمسانگردی پوسته­ها مقدار تغییر مکان ماکزیمم جانبی صفحه کاهش می­یابد. در بررسی زاویه قرارگیری الیاف مشخص شد که مقدار تغییر مکان بدست آمده، به زاویه­ی قرارگیری الیاف بستگی دارد. نسبت ضخامت هسته به پوسته مورد یررسی قرار گرفت و نشان داده شد که با افزایش نسبت ضخامت هسته به پوسته، تغییر مکان ماکزیمم صفحه کاهش می­یابد. همچنین بارگذاری­های مختلفی استفاده شده است که نشان می­د­هد استفاده از این روش محدود به نوع بارگذاری خاصی نیست. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1092 - حل عددی ارتعاشات پوسته استوانهای چند لایه با لایه پیزوالکتریک
عبدالمجید کنی اکبر علی بیگلودر این مقاله رفتار ارتعاشی پوسته­های چندلایه که سطوح داخلی و خارجی آنها مجهز به لایه­های حسگر و عملگر پیزوالکتریک می­باشد بررسی شده است. ابتدا پوسته چندلایه با تکیه­گاه­های ساده به روش تحلیلی بررسی و نتایج حاصل، با نتایج به دست آمده توسط سایر محققین Moreدر این مقاله رفتار ارتعاشی پوسته­های چندلایه که سطوح داخلی و خارجی آنها مجهز به لایه­های حسگر و عملگر پیزوالکتریک می­باشد بررسی شده است. ابتدا پوسته چندلایه با تکیه­گاه­های ساده به روش تحلیلی بررسی و نتایج حاصل، با نتایج به دست آمده توسط سایر محققین مقایسه شده است. آنگاه حل عددی به روش (GDQ) برای پوسته با لایه­های پیزوالکتریک و تکیه­گاه­های ساده، با حل تحلیلی آن مقایسه شده و در ادامه انواع شرایط تکیه­گاهی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. با استفاده از معادلات حرکت، معادلات بنیادین و روابط کرنش- جابجایی، معادلات حالت- فضا حاصل می­شود که این معادلات با استفاده از تقریب لایه مجزا، به معادلات حالت- فضا با ضرایب ثابت تبدیل خواهند شد. سپس با استفاده از حل این معادلات می­توان فرکانس­های طبیعی پوسته در حالت تکیه­گاه ساده را به دست آورد. در صورتی که تکیه­گاه­ها غیر ساده باشند، حل معادلات دیفراسیل حالت- فضا به روش تحلیلی امکان­پذیر نبوده و باید از روش­های عددی کمک گرفت. روش یک چهارم تفاضلی روش عددی متداولی است که با تعداد کم نقاط نمونه، می­توان به جواب دقیق دست یافت. با استفاده از روش dq ، معادلات دیفرانسیل حالت- فضا حل شده و در نهایت با اعمال شرایط عاری از تراکشن سطوح بالا و پایین، می­توان به فرکانس­های طبیعی دست یافت. در نهایت تأثیر مستقیم و معکوس پیزوالکتریک، نسبت ضخامت لایه کامپوزیت به لایه پیزوالکتریک و نسبت شعاع میانی به ضخامت در رفتار ارتعاشی پوسته مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1093 - تحلیل شروع سیلان در مخازن کروی جداره ضخیم FGتحت بارگذاریهمزمان فشاری و گرادیان دمایی
منصور عسگری علی پرویزی شهریار علی کرمیدر این مقاله، تحلیل شروع سیلان در مخازن کروی جداره ضخیم FG تحت تاثیر بارگذاری همزمان فشار داخلی و گرادیان دمایی ارائه شده است. طراحی مخازن جدارهضخیم کروی تحتفشار،به عنوان محفظه نگه­دارنده سیالات تحت بارهای حرارتی باگرادیانهای دمایی بالا نیازمند به راه­کا Moreدر این مقاله، تحلیل شروع سیلان در مخازن کروی جداره ضخیم FG تحت تاثیر بارگذاری همزمان فشار داخلی و گرادیان دمایی ارائه شده است. طراحی مخازن جدارهضخیم کروی تحتفشار،به عنوان محفظه نگه­دارنده سیالات تحت بارهای حرارتی باگرادیانهای دمایی بالا نیازمند به راه­کاری جدید است. تحت فشار داخلی زیاد و دمای بالا، مخزن در بخشی از ضخامت خود وارد محدوده پلاستیک می­شود؛ لذا، برای طراحی مخزن بررسی فشار و گرادیان دمایی که موجب شروع سیلان می­شود نیاز است. مدول الاستیسیته، تنش تسلیم، ضریب هدایت گرمایی و ضریب انبساط حرارتی به صورت تدریجی و طبق مدل توانی و در راستای شعاعی تغییر می­کنند. برای توصیف رفتار ماده در ناحیه پلاستیک در کره جدار ضخیم FG تحت فشار داخلی و گرادیان دمایی، از معیار تسلیم ترسکا استفاده شده ورفتار مواد به صورت الاستیک- پلاستیک کامل فرض شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1094 - بررسی ارتعاش تیر ضخیم تابعی مدرج تحت نیروی محوری براساس تئوری دو بعدی الاستیسیته و روش مربعات تفاضلی تعمیم یافته
حسین فراهانی فرزان براتی محمد نجاتی حمید باتمانیدر این مقاله ارتعاش تیر یکسرگیردار از جنس تابعی مدرج، تحت تاثیر بار محوری ثابت مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. تیر دارای سطح مقطع یکنواخت است و خواص تیر در راستای ضخامت تیر به صورت تابعی و پیوسته تغییر می­کند. معادلات پایداری و معادلات حرکت از اصل همیلتون و بر اساس تئور Moreدر این مقاله ارتعاش تیر یکسرگیردار از جنس تابعی مدرج، تحت تاثیر بار محوری ثابت مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. تیر دارای سطح مقطع یکنواخت است و خواص تیر در راستای ضخامت تیر به صورت تابعی و پیوسته تغییر می­کند. معادلات پایداری و معادلات حرکت از اصل همیلتون و بر اساس تئوری دو بعدی الاستیسیته، بر حسب مولفه­های جابجایی به دست آمده اند. حل معادلات دیفرانسیل کوپل پایداری و حرکت با استفاده از روش مربعات تفاضلی تعمیم یافته صورت گرفته است. در این مقاله تاثیر پارامترهای مختلف مانند نسبت ضخامت به طول، بار محوری اعمال شده و همچنین توان کسر حجمی مختلف، بر روی بسامد­های طبیعی تیر مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین برای بررسی همخوانی معادلات و همچنین روش حل به کار گرفته شده، مقایسه­ای بین کار حاضر با مقالات معتبر و همچنین نرم افزار تحلیلی ABAQUS انجام شد. نتایج نشان می­دهد روش عددی مربعات تفاضلی تعمیم یافته به کار گرفته شده در این مقاله دارای دقت خوبی می باشد. براساس نتایج، با افزایش توان کسر حجمی الیاف در تیر تابعی مدرج تحت بار محوری بسامد طبیعی تیر افزایش پیدا کرده و به ازای توان کسر حجمی بالا تغییرات زیادی در بسامد طبیعی مشاهده نمی­شود. همچنین با افزایش نسبت ضخامت به طول در محدوده بررسی شده تیر هدفمند، بسماد طبیعی بی بعد تیر بدون بار بحرانی، کاهش پیدا می­کند. اعمال بار محوری تا محدوده ی بار بحرانی، بسامد های طبیعی تیر تابعی مدرج را تحت تاثیر قرار داده و باعث کاهش آن می گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1095 - The impact of natural resource rents on entrepreneurship development (Case Study selected countries)
yousef mohammadzadeh farhad rahbar hadi ghahramaniEntrepreneurship is considered one of the most important management strategies both at the micro level of firms and the macro-economic level. Unhealthy Institutional structure and lace of dynamism of the private sector are the important obstacles in entrepreneurial path MoreEntrepreneurship is considered one of the most important management strategies both at the micro level of firms and the macro-economic level. Unhealthy Institutional structure and lace of dynamism of the private sector are the important obstacles in entrepreneurial path. Among existence the variety of natural resource rents have a profound impact on the institutional structure, the size of the public sector, limitations on market mechanisms and economic freedom's activists. Considering the importance of this issue, this study paid the effect of resource rents on entrepreneurship development. To do this, panel data selection of the world with dynamic panel approach and Stata software has been used. The results show that existance of resource rents have a negative impact on the development of entrepreneurial activities in countries that have been studied. So abundant natural resources has not been used in the investment and support private sector. Examine other factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship also show that domestic production per capita, ICT, openness and the corruption control index have positive impact and government size has a negative impact on the development of entrepreneurial activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1096 - The Effect of Cultural Capital on Stereotypes of Parents' Gender (Case Study: Kermanshah City)
fatemeh naghizadeh ساروخانی saruokhaniToday, the issue of cultural capital and gender socialization has been raised by many thinkers and theorists, and the current world conditions, the expansion of communication, industrialization, etc. have increased the importance of the issue. Pierre Bourdieu introduced MoreToday, the issue of cultural capital and gender socialization has been raised by many thinkers and theorists, and the current world conditions, the expansion of communication, industrialization, etc. have increased the importance of the issue. Pierre Bourdieu introduced cultural capital in 1973. According to him, by having this type of capital, people can impose their narrative of the social world on others. Considering the importance of cultural capital, in this article, the effect of cultural capital and parents' habits on children's gender socialization is examined. The research approach is descriptive-causal and survey method and in terms of time, it is done cross-sectionally. The statistical population of children and parents is 16 to 70 years old in Kermanshah, based on which 770 people were selected as the sample size. And there is meaning. It should be noted that 61% of the changes in the gender sociability of children are predicted by independent variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1097 - Cohesion, Authoritative Parenting Style, Emotional Interaction among Family Members of Young Prisoners and Non-prisoners
Shahla Anzalchi Aliakbar Saif mehrdad navabakhsh Hadi BahramiThis study attempts to examine the cohesion, authoritative parenting style, emotional interaction among families of young prisoners and non-prisoners. For that purpose, descriptive research was conducted on a statistical population comprising the entire young men 19 to MoreThis study attempts to examine the cohesion, authoritative parenting style, emotional interaction among families of young prisoners and non-prisoners. For that purpose, descriptive research was conducted on a statistical population comprising the entire young men 19 to 25 years of age residing inside a penitentiary in Arak, Iran. A total of 45 sample subjects were selected along with their parents as available, while another 45 male students without any disciplinary offense record were paired along with their parents. The measurement instrument in this research involved several questionnaires such as demographic questionnaire, parental authority, family cohesion and family-exclusive structured interview. The collected data were analyzed through t-test for the independent groups and Mann–Whitney U test and the Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results indicated that family cohesion, adoption of authoritative parenting style and emotional interaction among family members of prisoners were significantly lower than those of non-prisoners. In addition, there was a positive relationship between family cohesion and authoritative parenting style in both groups (P>0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1098 - Treatment comparison of recurrent Aphtous stomatitis (RAS) with Injective Long acting Corticosteroid and Myrtus. (A clinical Trial)
Seyed Masoud Sharifi Deloei Dina Ganji TanhaBackground: Recurrent aphthous lesions are among the most prevalent pathologic ulcerative conditions in oral mucous with 5-50% prevalence. Various studies are trying to find an appropriate treatment with low side effects. Purpose: Comparison of therapeutic effe MoreBackground: Recurrent aphthous lesions are among the most prevalent pathologic ulcerative conditions in oral mucous with 5-50% prevalence. Various studies are trying to find an appropriate treatment with low side effects. Purpose: Comparison of therapeutic effect of injective corticosteroid and Myrtus herbal solution in treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis Method: Patients who refer to ENT clinics of Arya, 22 Bahman and Farabi hospitals of Mashhad were chosen and were divided into two groups of 40 and were treated by one of the methyl prednisolone acetate or Myrtex drugs. Assessment of healing changes and level in aphthous lesions was done in 3, 5, and 7 days after beginning of treatment. Decrease in pain and irritation in addition to number and size of the ulcers and also lack of development of new ulcer were considered as clinical healing indices. In order to determine level of ulcer’s pain and irritation, VAS criteria was used. Results: In our study, no statistically difference was seen between two therapeutic groups, before and after the treatment, concerning level of pain differences and mean of ulcers’ number (p-value=0.767 and p-value=0.855, respectively). Also in the present study, no side effect which is related to treatment with Myrtex drug was observed. Discussion: Myrtex drug contains Myrtus extract can be as effective as methyl prednisolone acetate in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Regarding to the lower side effects of this herbal solution and more interest of patients and also therapeutic system to use of herbal drugs, Myrtus extract could be an appropriate substitution for treatment of this disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1099 - Evaluation of (Fe) micronutrient on agronomic traits in different ecotypes of fenu greek
masoumeh Mohammadian far ghasem Mohammadinejad sayed mohamad ali Vakili shahr babakiFenugreek as an important medicinal plant is belonged to leguminous with Fenugreek characteristics. In order to evaluate the performance of 6 different ecotypes of Fenugreek under Iron Fertilizer Foliar spraying, an experiment was condors in arrangement of split plat ba MoreFenugreek as an important medicinal plant is belonged to leguminous with Fenugreek characteristics. In order to evaluate the performance of 6 different ecotypes of Fenugreek under Iron Fertilizer Foliar spraying, an experiment was condors in arrangement of split plat based on RCBD with three replication on grows season of 2012-13 at experimental Field of Islamic Azad university of Jiroft. The main plats were Iron Foliar application with EDTA at three levels (0, 2/1000 and 4/1000). Based the soil Analysis. The sub plats were considered as 6 different ecotypes of Fenugreek (Isfahan, mazandaran, Ilam, Kordestan, Kerman and Dena). In the majority of the these results, Iron spraying in 2/1000 is more suitable than, in the compare to 4/1000 and control showed Kerman ecotypes with 2/1000 iron app hate had the best seed yield while (162.3 Kg.ha) Isfahan ecotypes with (5.6 Kg.ha) seed yield had the lowed amount of seed yield, generally application of 2/1000 Iron Foliar spraying showed the best growth rate rather than 4/1000 and control condition. Drew to Availably of Cal curs soil in Iran and specially jiroft region kerman and Mazandaran with 2/1000 Finally, it can be concluded due to the different responses of different ecotypes to iron application in region of Kerman, Kordestan and Dena with 2/1000 ecotypes and Mazandaran with 4/1000 for Iron application are good so for each area speared survey will be needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1100 - Effect of weed interference and different amounts of nitrogen on yield and yield components of grain sorghum In Ahvaz condition
Narges Kosari Mani MojaddamIn order to Effect of weed interference and different amounts of nitrogen on yield and yield components of grain sorghuma split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the 2012 crop year in Salemi Shahid farm located in Ahvaz MoreIn order to Effect of weed interference and different amounts of nitrogen on yield and yield components of grain sorghuma split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the 2012 crop year in Salemi Shahid farm located in Ahvaz condition carried.The main plot in this experiment was included three levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer N80, N140 and N200 Kg. ha-1 nitrogen from urea and Subplot Was included three levels of weed competition, weeding weeds until the end of grow (w1), Weeding weeds up to 6-leaf stage (w2) and Weeding the heading stage. The results showed that with the increased application of nitrogen, yield and yield components (Number of spikelet in panicle, Number of grain in spikelet, Number of grain in panicle and Weight of 1000 grains) show a significant increase. So that the maximum grain yield of sorghum with an average of 365.69 grams per square meter to 200 kg N ha respectively. Also reduce weed interference caused significant increase in these characteristics and the maximum grain yield of weeding weeds with an average of 427.19 grams per square meter, respectively that due to a decrease in yield components, grain yield decreased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1101 - Optimal Recloser Placement by Binary Differential Evolutionary Algorithm to Improve Reliability of Distribution System
Maryam Falah nezhadnaeini Mohammad Hajivand Reihaneh Karimi Mohammad Karimi -
Open Access Article
1102 - Direct method for solving nonlinear two-dimensional Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations by block-pulse functions
Elnaz Poorfattah Akbar Jafari Shaerlar -
Open Access Article
1103 - The Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation with two Different Currents of Immersion in water
Ali molaiee sedighe hosseinpoor mehran ghahramani reza jabari mohammad jalilvandThis study aimed to investigate the effects of cold-water immersion and transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) with the current intensities of 1 and 2 mA on recovery during the recovery period quality of subsequent performance of male swimmers.The research metho MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effects of cold-water immersion and transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) with the current intensities of 1 and 2 mA on recovery during the recovery period quality of subsequent performance of male swimmers.The research method was quasi-experimental, and the population was male swimmers over 18 years in Tehran city (n=20). They were randomly selected as a sample after successfully passing the lifeguard entrance test of 200m breaststroke less than 4 minutes in a time interval of 48hr in three days attended to participate in the games of 200m of frontal crawl with maximum intensity every day. Then, they performed one of the three protocols of Cold-Water Immersion (with 12°c), anodal stimulation (with the current intensity of 2mA), and anodal stimulation (with the current intensity of 1mA) for 15 minutes. The ratings of perceived exertion and feelings of swimmers were recorded using each recovery method by TQR and RPE questionnaires. To measure the effectiveness of the studied methods, the participants repeated 200m breaststroke with maximum intensity. To analyze the data, a dependent t-test, analysis of covariance was used.The results indicated that swimming performance significantly improved the TDCS group (with the current intensity of 2mA) (P = 0.001). The suitable current intensity of TDCS to affect reducing central fatigue and also recovery quality was better in the cold-water immersion group, and it could refer to the increase of venous return and excretion. In addition, the recovery quality was better in the cold-water immersion, and it could refer to the increase of venous return and excretion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1104 - The Effect of Parental Physical Activity on Children's Physical Activity: the mediating role of children's perceptions of parental support
Narges Azam nezami ali zarei farshad tojari hamid sajadiAbstractThe main purpose was to investigate the effect of parental physical activity on children's physical activity: the mediating role of children's perceptions of parental support. The statistical population consisted of 9-11-year-old male and female students in Tehr MoreAbstractThe main purpose was to investigate the effect of parental physical activity on children's physical activity: the mediating role of children's perceptions of parental support. The statistical population consisted of 9-11-year-old male and female students in Tehran and their parents (299610). Based on Morgan table, 384 students were selected and 400 questionnaires were distributed through cluster sampling. In this study, physical activity questionnaires for children of Kowalski et al. (1997), children's perceptions of parental support Wilk et al. (2018), and Physical Activity for parental of Craig et al.(2003)questionnaires were used. Results showed that parental physical activity (β = 0.12, t = 1.19) had no significant effect on children's physical activity. However, parental physical activity (β = 0.23, t = 2.36) on children's perception of parental support, and children's perception of parental support (t = 4.51, β = 0.39) on children's physical activity had a significant positive effect. Finally, the mediating role of children's perceptions of parental support on the impact of parental physical activity on children's physical activity was confirmed and the research model showed a good fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1105 - A case report of resurrent fribromatous epulides in cat
M.R Paryani رضا Sajadi S.M Rajaei پژمان MortazaviA 6 years old female Persian cat was presented with an oral tumor. A hemispherical mass, 18 mm in maximum diameter, without a peduncle and bright reddish in color, was observed on the gingive of the left mandible. Radiographic study shows osteolysis. The tumor was surgi MoreA 6 years old female Persian cat was presented with an oral tumor. A hemispherical mass, 18 mm in maximum diameter, without a peduncle and bright reddish in color, was observed on the gingive of the left mandible. Radiographic study shows osteolysis. The tumor was surgically removed via gingival incision around the margin to the depth of connective tissue layer. Histopathological examination indicated that the tumor contained a large number of neoplastic fibroblasts intermixed with vascular stroma and collagen tissue and was diagnosed as fibrornatous epulides with malignant characteristics. Tumor was recurred after 3 months. Due to lack of owner interest to treatment with chemotherapy agents and following his decision, the cat was euthanized with overdose injection of thiopental sodium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1106 - Economics, Economic Diplomacy, and Preferential Agreements
Ali Adibi Tavakol Habibzadeh۱۰۵۴/۵۰۰۰ Given the special situation that the Islamic Republic has faced since its inception and the various economic sanctions imposed in this period, various measures have been taken to respond to the rules on investment and capital attraction. Among these measures, More۱۰۵۴/۵۰۰۰ Given the special situation that the Islamic Republic has faced since its inception and the various economic sanctions imposed in this period, various measures have been taken to respond to the rules on investment and capital attraction. Among these measures, the economy of resistance is in the executive order of the executive governments. But this plan has not only been restored to its place, but misunderstandings in this field have put their aim in another direction. On the other hand, economic diplomacy, which is now undergoing political diplomacy, is trying to create an environment suitable for attracting foreign investors and capital. Perhaps the preferential agreements are uncontested and the nature of economic diplomacy, but with the components of the resistance economy as well as the expansion of regional trade exchanges, on the one hand, and the approval of investment facilitation regulations, positive results can be drawn. It was achieved in this field. However, this paper seeks to explain and analyze the feasibility of the components of a resilient economy, with economic diplomacy to dominate regional trade and the gradual liberalization of the country's economy along with comprehensive regulations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1107 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
Ali RahimiIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal MoreIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1108 - Analysis of high-risk behavior experience among youth with emphasis on parent-child conflict
Sepide Nasiri ne,mat sotodeh faezeh jahan علی اصغر فیروزجاییان گلوگاهRisky behavior among teenagers is one of the common social harms of today's society. Accordingly, it is very important to deal with the factors affecting it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adolescent conflict with family on high-risk behavior MoreRisky behavior among teenagers is one of the common social harms of today's society. Accordingly, it is very important to deal with the factors affecting it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adolescent conflict with family on high-risk behaviors among high school students. The research method was survey, and the data were obtained using a researcher-made questionnaire from 385 students with the cluster random sampling method. Findings indicated meaningful and positive correlation between adolescent conflict with family (conflict with mother and father) and experience of student risky behavior. Test of theoretical model show that, effect of conflict with family on risky behavior is positive and meaningful (Beta=-0.37). Also, model is fit.)𝑅2 = 0.11).So the more parent -child conflict, the more high risky behavior will be among youths. It is so important to enhance self- treating skills among students and family social skill to prevent risky behavior among youths Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1109 - Studying the mediating role of School Improvement between Parent Participation on Educational Quality
samaneh salimi zeinab hosein ababdiThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of parent participation on school improvement and educational quality of primary schools in the district council of Zahedan. The research method was descriptive correlational. The statistical population of t MoreThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of parent participation on school improvement and educational quality of primary schools in the district council of Zahedan. The research method was descriptive correlational. The statistical population of this study is all parents of primary school students in District 2 Board (Full-time Schools) with 500 students. According to Morgan's table, 217 people were selected by simple random sampling method. The instrument was a questionnaire for participation of Olia Afzal Khani and Abdi (2010), a quality of education questionnaire based on Sarvakal Parsouraman (2004) and a researcher-made questionnaire on improving schools and reliability of /84, 0/73 and 94/0 . Also, the validity of the questionnaire was analyzed by Liserl software. Findings showed that parent participation has a direct effect on school improvement, parent participation on educational quality and school improvement. Parental involvement indirectly affects the quality of education through school improvement Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1110 - Identify the components of genuine leadership in education and assess the current situation
mohamadreza abbaspoor Ahmad Akbari mehdi zirak Hosein momenimahmoueiThis study aims to identify the components of genuine leadership in education and assess the current situation. The present study, in terms of purpose in the field of classification research and development and in terms of how to collect the required data, is mixed in t MoreThis study aims to identify the components of genuine leadership in education and assess the current situation. The present study, in terms of purpose in the field of classification research and development and in terms of how to collect the required data, is mixed in the exploratory research group and has been done in two quantitative and qualitative phases. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative stage included professors and experts familiar with the subject of genuine leadership. Using the theoretical sampling method, 13 professors of educational management were selected as statistical samples.In the quantitative phase of the research, the statistical population includes the managers of Iran's educational departments, whose number was 716 and 118 people were selected by cluster sampling method. An interview and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to gather information. The research questionnaire consists of 45 items and 11 components. To answer the first question, the interview and the thematic analysis method were used and 11 components (inspiration, flexibility, extroversion, commitment, deep attraction, participation spirit, communication transparency, empathy, balanced information processing, ethical perspective and common vision ) has been identified.A single-sample t-test was used to assess the status of the original leadership, and the results showed that the status of the components of the original leadership was in a moderate state. Based on the results, it can be said that paying attention to the 11 components identified in this study can be effective in strengthening and developing genuine leadership among education managers. It is also important to pay attention to the commitment component to achieve the desired status of genuine leadership. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1111 - An Evaluation of the Teaching Process of Elementary School Math Teachers on the Basis of Differentiated Instruction Approach
Mohammad AhmadidehGhotboddini Jafar Najafi Zand Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the teaching process of the elementary school math teachers on the basis of the differentiated instruction approach. A field study was applied and the needed data were collected through purposive sampling using the To More Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the teaching process of the elementary school math teachers on the basis of the differentiated instruction approach. A field study was applied and the needed data were collected through purposive sampling using the Tomlinson’s class observation and collected data analyzed by weighed mean method and then fit on favorite continuum. The study findings showed that the teachers were on average level in respect to such factors as: students'' comfortable feeling when asking questions or asking for help, showing effective management and leadership in classes, having relationship with students individually during the teaching process, assessing the students to insure understanding and the student’s awareness of the teaching objectives. Meanwhile the teachers were at a low level in the other aspects like providing guidance for focusing on learning objectives, paying attention to student’s questions during teaching, helping students in understanding their points of strength, stating clear instructions for doing homework, emphasizing on competing with selves and not with others, introducing proper standards for learning and paying attention to students with physical and behavioral disorders. These findings indicate a lack of familiarity of the teachers in this study with the constructive approaches and their applications is teaching and learning in classes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1112 - The Impact of Family Life Education on Reducing Tension among Mothers with Learning Disorder Children in Reading and Writing
Hasan Shahrakipour Samad Karimzadeh Mahin KeramatiAbstract The main purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of family life education (FLE) on tension reduction of mothers with learning disorder (LD) children in reading and writing. To obtain the necessary research data, the pre-test and post-test experim MoreAbstract The main purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of family life education (FLE) on tension reduction of mothers with learning disorder (LD) children in reading and writing. To obtain the necessary research data, the pre-test and post-test experimental design with control group was adopted. To this end, 60 out of 154 mothers with LD children in reading and writing, whose disorder was confirmed by LD centers in Rasht city, were randomly selected. All mothers answered 33 questions about parental tension under four subcomponents of depression, feeling of competence, social isolation and parental health, related to parental stress index (PSI), the dependent variable, before and after applying FLE. To analyze the data and compare the two groups, the t-student parametric test was used. The results show that mothers’ characteristics resulting from increasing parental tension can be changed through FLE model and programs. This means that increasing these mothers’ child rearing skills, on the one hand, and changing their perception toward LD children on the other hand can reduce their tension, depression, and social loneliness and enhance their sense of efficiency and health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1113 - Quality and pathology of youth (12-17 years old) Leisurs in Lorestan province
Hossin MehrdadAbstract The current stdy deal with the quality and pathology of leisures of youths between 12 to 17 years old of Lorestan province. In so doing 620 youths (Who determined by using of Takman table, among with 360000 statistical population) and 150 youths problem MoreAbstract The current stdy deal with the quality and pathology of leisures of youths between 12 to 17 years old of Lorestan province. In so doing 620 youths (Who determined by using of Takman table, among with 360000 statistical population) and 150 youths problem experts (as whole) were selected by cluster sampling method and were given questionnaires. The result of study showed that: First, youths pass their leisures in cultural, recreation, free study, religious, skilled, desireable and undesieable roving, and sport activaties, second the major pathology of leisures are organizational-structural, cultural, insufficient public participating, economic position, weakness in giving information and shortage of motivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1114 - Development and Validation of Parenting Style Questionnaire
Hassan P. Sharifi Mirsalahadine Enayati Parviz Asgari Golamreza Pasha Ali Zeinali ZeinaliAbstract: The purpose of this study was the development and validation of the Parenting Style Questionnaire (PSQ) new version by examining the factor structure, internal consistency in adolescent's sample. This study translated and validated the Buri's (1991) Parental A MoreAbstract: The purpose of this study was the development and validation of the Parenting Style Questionnaire (PSQ) new version by examining the factor structure, internal consistency in adolescent's sample. This study translated and validated the Buri's (1991) Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and neglectful subscale of Shaffer's (2000) Parenting-Style Orientation Scale (P-SOS) among 14 to 19 year old Iranian adolescents attending school. A standard systematic translation procedure was followed to translate the questionnaires into Farsi. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the factor structure of the PAQ and neglectful subscale of P-SOS. The results showed the factor structure and reliability of internal consistency of the PSQ were suitable. The PSQ to have highly respectable measure of parental authority exercised by both mother and father and it is appropriate for both female and male adolescents and young adults in clinical, educational and research settings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1115 - The aim of the present study was to predict bullying based on perceived parenting style through mediation role of self-concept in students.
نسیبه شیرکوند مالک میرهاشمیIntroduction: Today, schools are increasingly concerned about students' behavioral disorders such as violence, disciplinary issues, bullying, and destructive and brazen behaviors. Statement of Problem: One of the important questions is why adolescents engage in behavio MoreIntroduction: Today, schools are increasingly concerned about students' behavioral disorders such as violence, disciplinary issues, bullying, and destructive and brazen behaviors. Statement of Problem: One of the important questions is why adolescents engage in behaviors such as bullying? Parents are the first to communicate with the child and have the most influential encounters and interactions in shaping the structure of the child's future life. Children's perception of this type of interaction is much more important than the practical experience of such interactions. Object: The aim of the present study was to predict bullying based on perceived parenting style through mediation role of self-concept in students. Methods: The present study was descriptive and correlational and structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of high school students was studying in the second grade of high school in Tehran in the academic year of 2018-19. A total of 290 students were selected by cluster sampling. The research instruments included Grolink's perceived parenting questionnaire (1997), Rogers 'self-concept questionnaire (1977), and Illinois' (2001) bullying scale. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the statistical test showed that the fit indicators of the research model were in good condition. Also, the variable parenting variable on bullying had both a direct and an indirect effect (through self-concept) (p <0.05). Self-concept also directly affects bullying (p <0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study confirmed the need to pay attention to the perceived parenting style as a family variable in predicting bullying behaviors in students in the country's schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1116 - Financial sociology and the relationship between government and society in contemporary Iran
mehdi esmaeili majid tavasoli rokn abadiMany efforts have been made to explain the reasons for the formation of the construction and the nature of the state power. The reasons for the development of such a nature, due to the principles of social, political and economic construction, have led to differences of MoreMany efforts have been made to explain the reasons for the formation of the construction and the nature of the state power. The reasons for the development of such a nature, due to the principles of social, political and economic construction, have led to differences of opinion in this regard, which in most cases do not have the necessary qualities to explain and describe the current situation. In contemporary Iranian history, the state has a different foundation with European societies due to its independent nature and its origin and function. Given the socio-political changes of contemporary Iran, especially from the history of access to oil revenues, the government in Iran has evolved as a superior power over classes in its own evolution. In other words, the state's independence evolved not in the context of the competition of social forces and the balance of the class, but in the context of the weakness of classes and social groups. In this context, various ideas have been developed in the study of the construction of government in Iran and its relation to society. In this paper, we are going to look at some of the most important comments of this field on some of their theoretical inefficiencies and argue that the approach of financial sociology can better explain the relations between government and society in contemporary Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1117 - Prdicting of emotional self-regulation based on Parenting Styles and Temperement among secondery students in Tehran
Alireza Nourizadeh Kiyanoosh HashemiyanThe purpose of the present study was to predict emotional self-regulation based on parenting styles and adolescent temperament. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of first grade male and female high scho MoreThe purpose of the present study was to predict emotional self-regulation based on parenting styles and adolescent temperament. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of first grade male and female high school students in Tehran, which were 494900 students based on the statistics available in Tehran Education site during the academic year 2018-2019 According to Morgan table,384 students were selected by purposeful multistage cluster sampling method. Emotional Self Regulation questionnaires were used by Jijan Garnefsky (2006), Baumrind parenting styles (1973) and Bass and Palamin (1984). Multiple regression was used to analyze the statistical data. The results showed that positive cognitive emotion regulation was not predictable based on temperament dimensions. Negative cognitive emotional regulation was predictable based on temperament dimensions. Among temperament dimensions, only helplessness and anxiety positively and significantly predicted negative cognitive emotional regulation. Positive emotional regulation was predictable based on the dimensions of training methods. The authoritative training method positively and training negatively and significantly predicted positive cognitive emotional regulation. Negative emotional regulation was predictable based on the dimensions of training methods. Authoritative and facilitative training methods negatively, arbitrarily positively and significantly predicted negative cognitive emotional regulation. Positive cognitive emotional regulation was predictable based on temperament dimensions and training methods. The authoritative and authoritative training methods and helplessness significantly predicted positive cognitive emotion regulation. Negative cognitive emotional regulation was predictable based on temperament dimensions and training methods. Authoritative,authoritarian and arbitrarily training methods significantly predicted negative cognitive emotional regulation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1118 - relationships and perceived corporate reputation on employees engagement in Tuka Foolad Investment (Holding) Company
mohammad reza karimiMethods:In terms of purpose, the research method was applied and was descriptive correlational as regards the method of data collection Results: The results indicated that there is a positive significant relationship between motivating language and symmetrical comm MoreMethods:In terms of purpose, the research method was applied and was descriptive correlational as regards the method of data collection Results: The results indicated that there is a positive significant relationship between motivating language and symmetrical communications with the coefficient value of 0.41, between motivating language and transparent communication perceptions with the coefficient value of 0.48, between two-way symmetrical communications and transparent organizational communication perceptions with the coefficient value of 0.26, between transparent organizational communication perceptions and employee-organization relationships perception with the coefficient value of 0.14, between employee-organization relationships perception and the variables of perceived corporate reputation and employee engagement with the coefficient values of 0.61 and 0.64, and corporate reputation and employee engagement with the coefficient value of 0.30 Conclusion: the study’s major hypothesis is confirmed although the direct effect of motivating language on employee engagement with the coefficient value of 0.04 was not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1119 - Comparison of the educational methods of coherent and discrete families and its impact on the socio-ethical behaviors of children
SHahla Anzalchi Ali Akbar Seyf Hadi Bahrami Mehrdad NavabakhshThe purpose of this study was to investigate the educational methods of coherent and discrete families and its impact on the socio-ethical behaviors of children. For this purpose, in a post-event descriptive study, a statistical population of all 19- to 25-year-old boys MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the educational methods of coherent and discrete families and its impact on the socio-ethical behaviors of children. For this purpose, in a post-event descriptive study, a statistical population of all 19- to 25-year-old boys in the Arak Nursing Aid, 45 people with their parents were selected by available method, and 45 boys studied, who had a history of Disciplinary violations were brought against them along with their parents. The instruments used in this study were demographic questionnaires, parental authority, family cohesion, and parental-specific structured interviews. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1120 - Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment based on parent-child interaction on sleep quality and attachment with parents and peers in 9-12 year old children dependent on the Internet
Masoud Mohammadi Ghasem Naziri Fereshteh Danesh Najmeh FathThe aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness of treatment based on modifying the pattern of parent-child interaction, sleep quality and communication with parents and peers in children aged 9-12 years with Internet addiction.This study was a quasi-experimental MoreThe aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness of treatment based on modifying the pattern of parent-child interaction, sleep quality and communication with parents and peers in children aged 9-12 years with Internet addiction.This study was a quasi-experimental study using pretest / posttest with control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all 3617 students aged 9-12 years studying in selected schools in Kerman in the academic year 1399-1400. Of these, 99 students obtained Internet addiction scores and 72 students were randomly selected and divided into case and control groups. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Attachment Questionnaire. The researcher then performed the research intervention for the experimental group. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistical methods and parametric bread test. The results showed that in the experimental group, Internet addiction decreased and changed to the situation of Internet addiction. The results showed an improvement in the overall quality of sleep in the experimental group after the intervention. The average total score of the quality of parent-child relationship indicates that parental attachment increased from average to very good and the average total score of quality of child-peer relationship increased from average to very good. The results of this study showed the effectiveness of treatment based on modifying the parent-child interaction on the desired variables in these children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1121 - structural equations Modeling of parental perfectionism on academic performance mediated by identity styles in students
Shahrbanoo Dehrouyeh, Najmeh Tavakoli Naghmeh TavakoliThe aim of this study was structural model of parental perfectionism and perceived psychological pressure with academic performance with the mediating role of identity styles in students. Correlation research method was structural equation modeling. The statistical popu MoreThe aim of this study was structural model of parental perfectionism and perceived psychological pressure with academic performance with the mediating role of identity styles in students. Correlation research method was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was all male students of ninth grade in Ghaemshahr city in the second semester of 2018-2019. A total of 330 people were selected as the sample size by available method. To collect data, Fam and Taylor's academic performance questionnaire (EPT), Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Inventory (TMPS), Berzonsky Identity Style Scale (ISI-6G) were used. Structural equations with SPSS18 and AMOS23 software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that parental perfectionism, family communication patterns, perceived psychological pressure, resilience, procrastination and identity style had a direct and significant effect on academic performance and also indirect effect of parental perfectionism, family communication patterns, perceived psychological pressure, resilience and procrastination mediated by identity style on academic performance were confirmed. The present study indicates the importance of cognitive factors such as perceived psychological pressure, identity style, resilience, parental perfectionism and procrastination and social factors such as family communication patterns in explaining academic performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1122 - Difference Functional Analysis (DIF) Arabic Course Questions Maths Examination National General Test (2011-2013) Depending on the linguistic Dfferences between Subjects
Erfan Hosseini Samereh Ali MoghadamzadehThe purpose of the present study was to analyze the differential function of Arabic exam questions in mathematics and physics under the influence of students' linguistic differences and their effect on the outcome of the test. The research method was descriptive - a kin MoreThe purpose of the present study was to analyze the differential function of Arabic exam questions in mathematics and physics under the influence of students' linguistic differences and their effect on the outcome of the test. The research method was descriptive - a kind of secondary analysis based on question-answer theory. The population of this study consisted of all students of mathematical physics students who participated in this university entrance exam in 2011-2013. Isfahan Province was selected as the reference group and provinces of Kurdistan, Azerbaijan and Khuzestan as target groups. The research tool was Arabic questionnaire on mathematics and physics in 2011-2013. The results showed that they were uniformly influenced by DIF in 2011 (14 questions), 2012 (15 questions) and 2013 (19 items). In order to examine the effect of DIF on the final result of the test, once all students 'questions were evaluated using Bilog-MG software. At the second stage, the questions with differential function of the set of questions were deleted and the students' re-evaluation was estimated using the The dependent differences of t before and after the removal of quadratic differential functions were estimated, and the result of the fact that DIF questions had an effect on the final result of the test Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1123 - Assessment of marital satisfaction based on resilience and self-differentiation
Ayda Ebad Por Sosan SaberAim: The marriage and marital relation satisfaction play an important role in the normal marital relationships. Important factors which have been noted and have a great impact on marital life are resilience and self-differentiation. This study aims to predict marital sa MoreAim: The marriage and marital relation satisfaction play an important role in the normal marital relationships. Important factors which have been noted and have a great impact on marital life are resilience and self-differentiation. This study aims to predict marital satisfaction in married women based on resilience and self-differentiation. The methodology of study is descriptive correlational type, and its statistic population includes all women who refereed to Sorosh, Sajad, Zaeem and Tarannom Zendegi counseling centers in the fall of 2014 in Tehran. 200 women who had inclusion criteria to refer to this center selected randomly using sampling techniques and answered to Asode, Khalili and Lavasani Marital Satisfaction Inventory (2010), Skowron & Schmitt Differentiation of Self Inventory (2003) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003). Multiple regression is applied to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that resilience (β=0.320, P<0.05) and self-differentiation (β=0.092, P<0.05) are the predictors of marital satisfaction. Conclusion: Resilience and self-differentiation are important personal factors that can affect marital satisfaction in women. So, this may cause women to involve in lower physical and mental health and explain gender differences in this domain. However, more studies are essential to validate these results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1124 - Factor structure and validation of Self-Differentiation Inventory Short Form (SDI-SF)
mohsen rasoli mohamad hosein asodeh farzaneh tamrchi zahra hoseiniIntroduction: Self-differentiation as the core concept of Bowen’s family systems theory refers to individual’s ability of differentiating between affective and mind processes. In other words, achieving a degree of emotional independence so that one is able n MoreIntroduction: Self-differentiation as the core concept of Bowen’s family systems theory refers to individual’s ability of differentiating between affective and mind processes. In other words, achieving a degree of emotional independence so that one is able not be drawn in to the emotional pool of emotionally laden situations, and decides in an autonomous and rational manner. Purpose: The present study aimed at investigating the factor structure and validation of Drake et al.(2015) ’s Self-Differentiation Inventory Short Form (SDI-SF)in Iran. Method: Using convenience sampling procedure, a national sample of 1503 people( 433 males and 1070 females) whose age range was 14 to 62 for males and 18 to 59 for females was selected among internet social networks users. Then the selected users answered the electronic version of DSI-SF. Results: Using principal components method and Varimax rotation, five factors were extracted. So the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the factor structure of the inventory had a good fitness to the gathered data. In addition to checking for the content validity of the inventory, the reliability index was calculated(α= 0.741), showing an acceptable internal consistency. Discussion: the results of factor analysis confirmed the original factor structure of the inventory, the reliability indices were similar to the results of previous research. Therefore according to the results of the study SDI-SF is an reliable and valid measure for determining the level of self-differentiation in the Iranian population. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1125 - Analysis of the relationship and the distinction between two types of emotional creativity and understanding of each other on the basis of itsagents
Dodaneh Asghari Nastaran SharifiAbstract: Analytical study on the relationship and distinction between two types of emotional creativity and cognitive factors that are each based on the population of high school students is bojnurd. The research with the hypothesis that emotional creativity and MoreAbstract: Analytical study on the relationship and distinction between two types of emotional creativity and cognitive factors that are each based on the population of high school students is bojnurd. The research with the hypothesis that emotional creativity and cognitive creativity are distinguished apart, yet together relationship have been done. The population included all male and female high school students (first period) is in the public high schools in the academic year 95-94 bojnurd had been studying Of the population, 126 males and 227 females were selected by cluster sampling stage. The method of correlation. Data collection also emotional creativity test is April and cognitive creativity Abedi. The results show that these two measures are distinct from each other, and their rod components communicate with each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1126 - Teens perception scale standardization of practices by parents, and compared the relationship between the girls and boys in Tehran
Narges Babakhani Elahe Hejaze moghani Hasan PashasharifiA questionnaire perception of parental educational practices (POPS) by (Grvlnyk et al., 1997) was prepared,A questionnaire perception of parental educational practices (POPS) by (Grvlnyk et al., 1997) was prepared, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1127 - Identification of Internal and External Factors Affecting Professional Competence of High School Vice-Presidents of Bushehr Province
Behroz Ghasmi Ali Akbar Khosravi Hamideh Reshadatjoo Abbas Khorshidi Fattah NazemThe purpose of this study is to identify the internal and external factors affecting the professional competence of high school graduates in Bushehr Province. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data type. The statistical popu MoreThe purpose of this study is to identify the internal and external factors affecting the professional competence of high school graduates in Bushehr Province. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data type. The statistical population of the study consisted of educational experts and university officials. Among them, 24 people were selected through purposive sampling method and the saturation principle. In this research, semi-structured interview and library method were used to collect data. Interview with experts indicates that the interview was valid, and in order to calculate the reliability, inter-coder reliability method was used, indicating that the interview was valid and reliable. Content analysis was used to analyze the research data. The results showed that the components of individual characteristics, curriculum, management, information technology were among internal factors, and components of healthy society, media, and parenting policies were among the external factors affecting the professional competency of the educational assistants in high schools of Bushehr province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1128 - The teaching of monotheism in the Arafa prayer of Imam Hossein
abbas izadpanah seyed alireza fatemianpourSeeking God is one of the natural human desires that throughout history, humans have always shown this natural desire. Imam Baqera says: Their destiny is for knowledge. In this article, the title "The teaching of monotheism in the Arafa prayer of Imam Hossein" is explai MoreSeeking God is one of the natural human desires that throughout history, humans have always shown this natural desire. Imam Baqera says: Their destiny is for knowledge. In this article, the title "The teaching of monotheism in the Arafa prayer of Imam Hossein" is explained. Prayer is a drop from the boundless sea of divine knowledge that has flowed from the mouth of God's saints. When a person refers to the prayers of Imams Athar (PBUH), he sees himself next to a boundless ocean, and through the Arafa prayer, it is full of pure divine mysticism that we are looking for in this article. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of gathering information in the form of documents What is inferred as the result of considering monotheism in the prayer of Arafa is hidden in this phrase of Imam Hussain, peace be upon him, in the prayer of Arafa: "For God is jealous, and nothing is just, and nothing is like an object" because there is nothing like God, hence, the relationship of man with Other things should not be like his relationship with God. The oneness of God requires that the relations of the creatures with him should also be oneness. The meaning of devotional monotheism appears better here that a person is only obedient to God and bows before him. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1129 - Tracing the custom of parental interference and their role in the marriage of their children in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh
Pashing Delavari Mahdi Kargar Khosro Jalili Kohne Shahri Bahram KhoshnudiThe discussion regarding the custom of parental interference and their role in their children’s marriage in the light of the latest statistics of the civil Registration Organization in 1398 based on the fact that more than 30% of marriage end in divorce is one of MoreThe discussion regarding the custom of parental interference and their role in their children’s marriage in the light of the latest statistics of the civil Registration Organization in 1398 based on the fact that more than 30% of marriage end in divorce is one of the chief discussions in sociology of family, therefore any research in this field that could in any way help the officials or researchers in this domain to find the underlying causes and factors in order to prevent divorce or reduce its rate would be enlightening. Considering the importance of the subject the present article selected Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh, the oldest Persian source as a statistical community that incorporates different models of marriage. The role of parental interference in the marriage of the children was further investigated by using qualitative research method and data analysis to reveal the frequency in which this problem led to divorce in history. The results obtained showed that in all 21 marriages fathers played crucial role in the marriages of their children while mothers were only responsible for three cases. It was also determined that more than 60% of marriages were arranged and in all of them the father played the dominant role. 93% of arranged or imposed marriages belonged to daughters and more than 80% of the arranged marriages reported in Shahnameh were unsuccessful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1130 - The study of the importance of horse in the mythology of Iran and other nations and its reflection on Shahnameh
Seyyedeh Sedigheh Sajadirad Seyyed Karim SajadiradMyths are narratives regarding the beliefs of the ancient nations about themselves, God, the world and the supernatural world in a symbolic language in a form of a story. In fact myths have appeared to justify rites, traditions, and social, cultural, and moral regulatio MoreMyths are narratives regarding the beliefs of the ancient nations about themselves, God, the world and the supernatural world in a symbolic language in a form of a story. In fact myths have appeared to justify rites, traditions, and social, cultural, and moral regulations and the purpose of Mythology is to discover the hidden thoughts in myths which is regarded as the foundation of culture and the temperaments of every nation. The discovery of the minds and souls of a people whose wishes and desires, their fears and hopes are expressed symbolically in the mythic narratives. Myths teem with images of the animals that were once human. One of the important elements in mythology is the absence of distinct borderlines between humans and animals. The relationship between man and animals, man and gods in the ancient past, in myths and narratives is of utmost importance. Because of its special characteristics horse is the most distinguished among the animals in Mythology. This article deals with the standpoint of horse in the mythology of Iran and those of the other countries such as Egypt, China, Greece, and India in order to portray an in depth analysis through their comparison Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1131 - The coherent structure of commencement of sovereignty in Shahnameh Ferdowsi
Fatemeh EmamiDespite the numerous copies of Shahnameh and its vast sources it had been coherently and systematically composed in a wholesome manner which rendered this masterpiece universal. The reflection of this coherence and consistency is evident in fifty reigns throughout MoreDespite the numerous copies of Shahnameh and its vast sources it had been coherently and systematically composed in a wholesome manner which rendered this masterpiece universal. The reflection of this coherence and consistency is evident in fifty reigns throughout the work. In terms of structure the durations of reigns are treated equally, hence this article deals with the analytic and comparative study of the reigns. The outcome of the study shows that the structure of commencement of sovereignty in Shahnameh follows eight common patterns and Ferdowsi’s attempt throughout the work had been to adhere to those patterns in order to convey his main objective. The patterns are seen as: 1- The accession of the monarchs to the throne 2- setting out feasts 3- giving speeches 4- declaration of monarch’s sovereignty 5- exalting God, the lord of wisdom before everything else 6- having divine Farr (God-given glory) 7- nobles praising the kin g 8- duration of reign. Keywords Ferdowsi, Shahnameh, coherent structure, commencement of sovereignty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1132 - Sexual variety seeking based on early maladaptive schemas, parenting styles and moods
Hussein Rezaeian Bilondī Nader Monirpour Hamid Reza HasanabadiSexual variety seeking is a sexual behavior that is characterized by the preoccupation with multiple sexual relationships and, in behavioral domains with the attempt to establish sexual relationships with new people and in different forms. The aim of this study is to pr MoreSexual variety seeking is a sexual behavior that is characterized by the preoccupation with multiple sexual relationships and, in behavioral domains with the attempt to establish sexual relationships with new people and in different forms. The aim of this study is to provide a structural model to explain the sexual variety seeking based on early maladaptive schemas, parenting styles and moods. In this study, 422 married men from the community of theologians and students of Qom were selected through random sampling method and tested for sexual variety seeking, temperament, early maladaptive schemas, and parenting styles. The results of exploratory, confirmatory and modeling factor analysis of structural equation indicated that early maladaptive schemas (43 percent), paternal parenting styles directly (32%) and indirectly (9%) account for sexual variety seeking. Maternal parenting styles and moods indirectly (respectively 13% and 19%) and through the early maladaptive schemas explain sexual variety seeking. In general, it seems that early maladaptive schemas play an important role in explaining sexual variety seeking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1133 - Prediction early maladaptive schemas based on parent child relationship patterns and attachment styles
atefeh khorasani zade tahere ranjbaripour Hamid Poursharifi fariborz bagheri jafar pouyamaneshEarly maladaptive schemas are profound, inclusive and ineffective patterns developed in childhood or adolescence, continue in adulthood, and act at the deepest level of cognition-in a way the person does not know about them. Typically, schemas are supposed to be develop MoreEarly maladaptive schemas are profound, inclusive and ineffective patterns developed in childhood or adolescence, continue in adulthood, and act at the deepest level of cognition-in a way the person does not know about them. Typically, schemas are supposed to be developed as a result of initial experiences with attachment manifestations. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of attachment styles as a mediator in parent-child relationship patterns with early maladaptive schemas. For this purpose, 420 students of Azad University of Tehran in the academic year of 2017-2018 were selected through availability sampling and were evaluated for parental-child relationship patterns, schemas and attachment. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that among the components of mother-child relationship pattern " control, intertwine , inflexibility and indifference", and among the components of father-child relationship pattern " intertwine " , and among attachment styles, " ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles" were meaningful predictors of early maladaptive schemas. It seems that through modifying parent-child relationship patterns and considering attachment styles, we can prevent the formation of maladaptive schemas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1134 - Studying Family Functioning and the Role of Maternal Parenting Styles in Predicting Children’s Behavioral Problems in Boys Aged 5 to 10 Years in Ahvaz City
Shila Karzareh Mansoor Abdi Hasan HeidariFamily environment is the most favorable place for the growth of the child and one’s mental and physical sublimation. The aim of this study was to study family functioning and the role of maternal parenting style in predicting children’s behavioral problems MoreFamily environment is the most favorable place for the growth of the child and one’s mental and physical sublimation. The aim of this study was to study family functioning and the role of maternal parenting style in predicting children’s behavioral problems in boys aged 5 to 10 years in Ahvaz city. For this purpose, in a descriptive study, correlational type, 200 mothers were selected among mothers of boys aged 5 to 10 who were at preschool and primary school, in Ahvaz city. They were selected in a form of clustered multi-stage, randomly. They were tested in terms of family functioning, parenting styles and children's behavioral problems. For data analysis correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used. The results indicated that the authoritarian parenting style with mean of 22.33 is among the highest parenting style in mothers. Subscales of communication, emotional companionship, behavioral control and general family functioning had a significant relationship with behavioral problems. Authoritarian parenting style has a positive relationship with hyperactivity disorder and has a negative significant relationship with mood disorder. The result also indicated that permissive parenting style has a positive significant relationship with hyperactivity disorder, behavior, action and separation anxiety and a negative significant with mood disorder. The results indicated that only the subscales of emotional companionship was able to predict separation anxiety disorder. Permissive parenting style was able to predict hyperactivity disorder and separation anxiety, authoritarian style parenting style was able to predict behavior and action disorder and mood disorder, authoritative parenting style was able to predict separation anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1135 - Predicting Children's Anxiety Based on Parents' Reaction to Their Negative Emotions with Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation
parvaneh roitvandghiasvand maryam esmaeilinasab emad ashrafiGiven the prominent role of the family in the mental health of child, it seems reasonable to predict family-based factors because the family is considered as a socio-cultural system that has a set of rules; So that the impact of family on members is such that many resea MoreGiven the prominent role of the family in the mental health of child, it seems reasonable to predict family-based factors because the family is considered as a socio-cultural system that has a set of rules; So that the impact of family on members is such that many researchers consider them as a main cause of disorders. The aim of this study was to predict children's anxiety based on parents' reactions to their negative emotions with mediating role of emotion regulation. In this respect, a descriptive-correlational study was performed and 232 preschool children and their parents in the city of Tehran were selected through the convenience sampling method and investigated in terms of children's anxiety symptoms, coping with children's negative emotions, and emotion regulation. Multiple regression analysis and Bootstrap and Sable tests showed that parents' reaction to children's negative emotions affects children's anxiety by emotion regulation. Parents' reaction also predicted anxiety and emotion regulation, and emotion regulation predicted children's anxiety as well. It seems that just as parents' reaction to children's negative emotions play a role in children's anxiety, so does children's emotion regulation play an important role in their anxiety. It can be expected appropriate emotion regulation in children is as a barrier to parents' inappropriate reaction and anxiety caused by it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1136 - Prediction of coronavirus anxiety based on cognitive flexibility and self-differentiation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
shiva rahimzadegan Akbar atadokhtWith the advent of the Coronavirus (COVID-19), the lives and health of millions of people have been threatened. The epidemic n MoreWith the advent of the Coronavirus (COVID-19), the lives and health of millions of people have been threatened. The epidemic not only leads to high rates of death toll from viral infections, but has also led to the spread of psychological health problems throughout the world. Uncertainty and unpredictability of the outbreak of an infectious disease has a high potential for psychological fear of the disease transmission. The aim of the present research was to predict the coronavirus anxiety in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder based on cognitive flexibility and self-differentiation. For this purpose, in a correlational descriptive research, 86 people with obsessive-compulsive disorder referring to counseling centers in Urmia sity in 2021 were selected by available sampling method and were evaluated in terms of coronavirus anxiety, cognitive flexibility and self-differentiation. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that there is a significant negative relationship between coronavirus anxiety, cognitive flexibility and self-differentiation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and cognitive flexibility and self-differentiation negatively predict the coronavirus anxiety. This research indicates the importance of protective role of the cognitive flexibility and self-differentiation variables against the anxiety caused by the outbreak of coronavirus Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1137 - Studying the Effect of Communication Skills Training Program on Parental Self-Efficacy of Mothers, Who Have Children Suffering from Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder
Hamed Maghrebi Senaki Saeid Hassan zadeh Mozhghan KHademi Ali Akbar ArjmandniaHaving a child that developing a relationship with is difficult, affects the entire family system. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of communication skills training program on parental self-efficacy of mothers, who have children suffering from attention MoreHaving a child that developing a relationship with is difficult, affects the entire family system. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of communication skills training program on parental self-efficacy of mothers, who have children suffering from attention-deficit/hyperactivity. For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and control group, 26 mothers of children aged 6 to 12 years with attention-deficit / hyperactivity were selected, in a purposeful way. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups of 13 each. At first, parents were evaluated in terms of self- efficacy, after that the experimental group underwent 8 sessions of communication skills training in which each session lasted 90-minute.At the end, both groups were tested in terms of self- efficacy. The results of analysis of univariate covariance indicated that communication skills training program increased parental self-efficacy in women's of experimental group. There is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in increasing parental self-efficacy variable. It seems, low self-efficacy of mothers with children suffering from attention-deficit / hyperactivity leads them not to have a good feeling in terms of their expectations and their perception of how they can act as a pleasant and effective parent. To enhance these mothers feelings of self-efficacy gaining knowledge and information in the field of effective methods of child care; besides an effective and desirable interaction and communication with their child are needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1138 - The Prediction of adolescence orientation to addiction, based on personality characteristics and parenting styles in order to present a model for prevention
Hamzeh Ganji Maryam Rahnamaei Hassan Pasha SharifiAdolescence, is a critical period which is always associated with the process of identity formation. Part of this growth process is seeking danger which is shown in the shape of unhealthy sexual behavior, alcohol, tobacco and other items. Personality characteristics and MoreAdolescence, is a critical period which is always associated with the process of identity formation. Part of this growth process is seeking danger which is shown in the shape of unhealthy sexual behavior, alcohol, tobacco and other items. Personality characteristics and parenting styles in the critical period of adolescence can provide a context for an orientation to addiction. The purpose of this study was to present a model to predict the adolescent’s orientation to addiction based on personality characteristics and parenting style. For this purpose, in a descriptive study, 500 boys and girls high school students were randomly selected from Qazvin city. They were tested in terms of orientation towards addiction, five major factors of personality and parenting style. Results of regression analysis indicated that there is a significant difference among the mental-neuroticism, openness to experience, having conscientiousness and parenting styles (Permissive, autocratic, authoritative) with the attitude of students in relation to addiction. Considering the obtained model, with increased scores in these variables, the odds of a positive attitude to substance use will increase. It seems that personality traits and parenting styles have a significant difference with attitudes towards addiction in male and female students. They can be effective in preventing orientation towards addiction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1139 - Investigating the Role of Self-Differentiation in Predicting Communication Patterns: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capitals
Mohammad Sharifi MohammadJavad Asghari EbrahimAbad Faezeh SalayaniEffective communication between couples is widely recognized as an effective component of a successful marital relationship, and marital dissatisfaction is the most common reason for couples to seek couple therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of se MoreEffective communication between couples is widely recognized as an effective component of a successful marital relationship, and marital dissatisfaction is the most common reason for couples to seek couple therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of self-differentiation through the mediating of psychological capitals in predicting communication patterns. This was a descriptive- correlational study. The sample consisted of 250 married women residing in Mashhad selected by convenience sampling method and they completed the Communication Patterns Questionnaire, Psychological Capitals Scale, and Differentiation of Self Inventory. The results of the Pearson correlation showed that psychological capitals were significantly correlated with constructive communication, demand/withdrawal communication, and mutual avoidance communication and also self-differentiation was related to constructive communication, demand/withdrawal communication, and mutual avoidance communication. The Bootstrap test also confirmed the mediating role of psychological capitals in the relationship between self-differentiation and communication patterns. Overall, the results of the present study showed that couples ‘communication patterns can be predicted through self-differentiation and psychological capitals and also self-differentiation is related to the couples ‘communication patterns with mediating psychological capitals. Psychological capitals are one of the variables affecting the quality of marital relationship and marital interactions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1140 - Explaining the relationship between perceived parenting styles and obsessive-compulsive symptoms: the mediation role of self-efficacy and thought fusion
Maryam Mahmoudi Sohayla Talebi-najafabadi Shahram Molamadkhani N. A Farrokhi عصمت DaneshObsessive-compulsive is a disabling psychiatric disorder that often leads to significant problems in the usual way of life, job performance, social activities, and interpersonal relationships. The aim of this study was to determine the mediation role of self-efficacy an MoreObsessive-compulsive is a disabling psychiatric disorder that often leads to significant problems in the usual way of life, job performance, social activities, and interpersonal relationships. The aim of this study was to determine the mediation role of self-efficacy and thought fusion in the relationship between perceived parenting styles and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. For this purpose, in the descriptive correlational study among second-grade high school students in Tehran, 349 students from 8 schools were selected and evaluated in terms of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, general self-efficacy, thought fusion and parental perception. Data analysis performed using structural equation modeling indicated that the thought fusion the relationship between mother's parenting style and obsessive-compulsive symptoms and self-efficacy mediate the relationship between each of two parent's parenting style and obsessive-compulsive symptoms negatively and significantly. It seems that mothers whose patterns of mother-child relationship show characteristics such as formal communication, highlighting borders and distances, and lack of emotion, eye contact and embrace, or accept their child's conditional form, prevent the formation of unconditional acceptance in their children and forming excessive responsibility, the formation of thought fusion and obsession in their offspring. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1141 - Effectiveness of Children’s Management Skills Training in Decrease of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Hadi Pordel Majid Mahmood Lilo Azar Tajvar Maryam HejaziporAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder emerges during childhood and presents parents with various problems. The research purpose is to assess the effectiveness of children’s management skills training in the decrease of their attention deficit hyperactivity diso MoreAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder emerges during childhood and presents parents with various problems. The research purpose is to assess the effectiveness of children’s management skills training in the decrease of their attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Therefore, the research employed a semi-experimental method with pre-test-post-test design and a sample of 24 mothers whose children had been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was selected through convenience sampling and assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 9 sessions of children’s management skills training and was assessed with clinical interview and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder scale regarding their children. Multivariate variance analysis indicated that children’s management skill training is effective in decreasing the symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsiveness. However, no significant effectiveness was observed in terms of attention deficit. Overall, this training can be employed as a preventive program to enable mothers to deal effectively with their children who are diagnosed with such disorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1142 - Designing of the Conceptual Model of Parents’ Participation and its Effectiveness in School Management: A Mixed Method
Fariba Agah محمدعلی نادی fariba karimiThe aim of the current research was to compile a model of parents’ participation and to investigate its effect on effective management in the school with a combination strategy of sequential exploratory type. The research environment was the qualitative stage, the libra MoreThe aim of the current research was to compile a model of parents’ participation and to investigate its effect on effective management in the school with a combination strategy of sequential exploratory type. The research environment was the qualitative stage, the library section and all scientific- research articles, internal and external theses, books,international conferences and high- quality documents. It was a purposeful sampling and continued until the researcher reached theoretical saturation. Content validity was used by experts to check the quality of the content. Reliability analysis was done with Holsty’s reliability coefficient. In the qualitative part, Trial Sterling’s theme analysis method was used. The results of the analysis of the findings led to the identification of an overarching theme parent- school interaction, five organizing themes, practical approach interaction, culture- building interaction, organizational arrangements, management interaction and alignment of attitude and performance, and the basic theme. Society statistics in the quantitative section of principals of three academic years, Elementary, first and secondary schools, cluster sampling was done using the Cohen-Manion formula and 535 principals were selected. The researcher’s list of information collection tools was made based on the findings of the qualitative section,including 120 items. In the quantitative part , form and content validity and construct validity were used using confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha reliability and composite reliability were used to measure reliability. The model was evaluated using the structural equation model and second- order factor analysis. The results showed that the measurement models have a good fit, with all these factors included in the main model, the said model also had a good fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1143 - Qualitative Study of the Attitudes of Female Youths and Adolescents Adherent to South Korean Entertainment Industry Products
Leila Ebrahimi Varzaneh Elham FathiThe present research was purposed to qualitatively study the female youths and adolescent’s attitude who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products. The statistical population subsumed the female youths and adolescents who were adherent to South Korea MoreThe present research was purposed to qualitatively study the female youths and adolescent’s attitude who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products. The statistical population subsumed the female youths and adolescents who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products in Tehran city. The sample until reaching theoretical saturation encompassed eleven female adolescents and youths aged 13 to 22 whom were selected via purposive sampling procedure. The research method was qualitative of contractual content analysis type and semi-structured interviews were used. The results of the research revealed that new media have become the cause of changes in identity building institutions and the media have changed the meaning-making factors of identity. The influence of the media in the formation of the identity and attitude of female youths and adolescents is significant in relation to the way their identity is influenced by the South Korean entertainment industry. Also, during exploratory interviews with the participants, 5 main themes and 24 sub-themes were extracted. The extracted themes included distance from the Iranian self and identity, critical attitude about the cultural, social, economic, and gender situation in Iran, idealism, imitation and feeling close to South Korean entertainment industry artists, lifestyle change, and group identity formation. The findings of this study could provide useful information to media policymakers, mental health professionals, and sociologists to be effective in forming the identity and attitude of young Iranian females. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1144 - Comparison of Family Functions and Parental Stress of Mothers of Children with/without ADHD
Maryam Yekrang Haghpanah samira paliThis research aims to investigate the family functions and parental stress of mothers with children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder by comparing their characteristics with a group of mothers who do not have such children. For this purpose, using causal des MoreThis research aims to investigate the family functions and parental stress of mothers with children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder by comparing their characteristics with a group of mothers who do not have such children. For this purpose, using causal descriptive method - after an event (after an event) from the community of mothers who referred to the rehabilitation counseling center in Rasht city in the first three months of 1402, 60 people (30 mothers with a child with heart failure disorder/ hyperactivity and 30 mothers without children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder) were selected as a sample. The two groups are matched in terms of mother's age, mother's education, mother's occupation and child's gender. The mothers responded to the family functioning questionnaires (Epstein, Baldwin and Bishop, 1950) and Abidin's parental stress (1991) and the results were analyzed using t-test to compare two independent groups in SPSS22 software. The results have shown that family functions (t=33.05, 0.01) and parental stress (t=29.54, 0.01) of mothers with children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder mean more than family functions and parental stress (Child's domain, parent's domain and total tension) of mothers without children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1145 - The Mediating role of self- differentiation and forgiveness in the Relationship between Psychological capital and life Satisfaction in married Women.
roghieh haji rostamloo abdolhassan farhangi Reza HosseinpourLife satisfaction is one of the most important factors of well-being and mental health, Has received special attention from positive psychology in recent decades The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of self-differentiation and f MoreLife satisfaction is one of the most important factors of well-being and mental health, Has received special attention from positive psychology in recent decades The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of self-differentiation and forgiveness in the relationship between psychological capital and life satisfaction in married women. This research was descriptive and correlational. Its statistical population included 798 married women in Tehran city, who were selected by multi-stage sampling method. The research instruments included Diener's (1985) life satisfaction questionnaires, Luthans and Morgan's (2007) psychological capitals, Drake's individual differentiation (2011) and interpersonal forgiveness by Ehtshamzadeh et al. (2011). Structural equation method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The results showed that psychological capital, self-differentiation and interpersonal forgiveness directly had a significant effect on life satisfaction (P < 0.05). In addition, these psychological capitals had an effect on life satisfaction indirectly and through the mediation of interpersonal forgiveness and self- differentiation (P < 0.05). The findings of this study can be used to create a solution to reduce the destructive effects of not being satisfied with life in married women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1146 - The Canonical Correlation Analysis of the Relationship between Self-Differentiation and Attachment Behavior in Couple Relationships with Sensation Seeking in Women with Tendency to Marital Infidelity
Fahime Kashefi Manouchehr Azkhosh Mohammad Saeed Khanjani Hakime AghaeiThe aim of this study was to investigate canonical correlation analysis of the relationship between self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking in women with tendency to marital infidelity. The quantitative- correlation me MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate canonical correlation analysis of the relationship between self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking in women with tendency to marital infidelity. The quantitative- correlation method was used. The statistical population of the present study included all married women who referred to counseling and psychological centers in Tehran city in year 1401. In this study, through convenience sampling method, 200 people were selected as sample and they were asked to fill in attitudes toward infidelity scale, sensation seeking scale, self-differentiation inventory short form and brief accessibility, responsiveness, and engagement scale of Sandberg. The collected data was analyzed using Canonical correlation. Findings showed that there was a significant relationship between self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking (P<0/01). The of canonical correlation showed that common variance of self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking was 57/6%. According to the findings of this research, psychologists and family counselors can learn about variables predicting sensation seeking, such as self-differentiation and attachment behavior in spouses' marital relationships, and by strengthening them, engage in marital counseling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1147 - ESLE Game-based English Vocabulary Learning App for Exceptional Iranian Students: Teacher’s point of view
Shima GhobadiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of (ESLE) Exceptional Students English Learning game-based app to help students with English vocabulary learning disabilities to gain vocabulary skills in and after school program. To this end, 40 exceptional st MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of (ESLE) Exceptional Students English Learning game-based app to help students with English vocabulary learning disabilities to gain vocabulary skills in and after school program. To this end, 40 exceptional students with intellectual and physical disabilities (20 in each group), grade 7th to 9th junior high school, 30 special needs education teachers, and 30 parents of exceptional students were selected. The four exceptional students’ teacher who worked in special education schools were interviewed to elicit the needed information for the purposes of the study. The first part of the semi-structured interview used in this study was related to ESLE app. The second part of the interview was related to their perceptions about collaboration with families. To this purpose, parents’ and teachers’ perceptions and practices of game-based app to support exceptional students were examined. Thus, the study addressed the issue of students with disabilities by reviewing the challenges faced by teachers who teach students with disabilities and how they overcome these challenges. A mixed-method design by extending with follow-up phase to measure whether exceptional students retained the knowledge they learned while engaging with the app was used. The results of the study showed that all of the exceptional students improved vocabulary skills after engaging with the game-based app. Findings have illuminative implications for many EFL teachers in applying an effective method in teaching new words. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1148 - The Effect of Task-based Teaching (TBT) on the Learning of Syntax by Learners with different intelligences
Sanaz Behboudi Nehzomi Ramin RahmanyThis study investigated the impact of task-based instruction on the learning of syntax by learners possessing different intelligences. Forty eight intermediate EFL learners were assigned to an experimental and a control group, both of which took a teacher-made grammar t MoreThis study investigated the impact of task-based instruction on the learning of syntax by learners possessing different intelligences. Forty eight intermediate EFL learners were assigned to an experimental and a control group, both of which took a teacher-made grammar test of 40 items and the Multiple Intelligences Developmental Assessment Scale (MIDAS). The students in the experimental group were taught based on task-based teaching of grammar and the controls through the traditional teaching of grammar. Following 20 sessions of instruction, both groups took a grammar test of 40 items to assess their level of achievement. The results of the t-test analysis indicated that task-based instruction significantly improved the learners' knowledge of syntax compared to the traditional instruction. That is, the experimental group receiving task-based instruction outperformed the control group on the posttest of syntactic knowledge. The results are discussed with reference to the current theories of teaching and learning grammar.The following tests and questionnaire were used in the study: the Multiple Intelligence Developmental Assessment Scale for adults to assess the multiple intelligences of learners, the translated version of MIDAS, a test of grammar to make sure that the subjects' level of grammatical knowledge was as homogenous as possible both in terms of their grammar prior to the treatment and their pre-knowledge on the content of instruction, and a post-test measuring the syntactic achievement of the two groups as well as a KET test as a means of estimating the participants level of proficiency and homogenizing the students' general English. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
1149 - Power of attorney
mohammad azadi mohammad jafari fsharakiWell-known scholars in jurisprudence are of the opinion that the procuration is a contract, but verbal acceptance is not a condition and acceptance by conduct is sufficient, like when someone says to another, "you are allowed to sell my house on behalf of me" and he acc MoreWell-known scholars in jurisprudence are of the opinion that the procuration is a contract, but verbal acceptance is not a condition and acceptance by conduct is sufficient, like when someone says to another, "you are allowed to sell my house on behalf of me" and he accepts and sells. This research considers the validity of the sale in such a power of attorney by analyzing and explaining the famous expressions. It is not in terms of fulfilling procuration to request and acceptance, but in terms of the legitimacy of permission. Additionally, being interrogative, not having power of attorney, relying on concept reference in the state of discretion, and being unable to speak shows that the power of attorney is not limited to the contract . Rather, the correctness of acts of representation depends on permission. And the simile of the attorney only makes sense from this point of view. Therefore, there are two types of power of attorney, one in which acceptance is absolutely necessary. And a power of attorney in which vocable acceptance is not a condition .And the verbal acceptance is absolutely not the result. Manuscript profile
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