Investigating the Process of Differentiation in Mysticism from beginning to the 9th century AH (Case study: Level and Completeness)

Subject Areas : Islamic Mysticism

Mohsen  Fasuniechi ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران)
alireza  mozafaritazehkand ² (Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Urmia University)
Abdolnaser  Nazariani ³ (استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران.)

Received: 2021-05-26 Accepted : 2021-07-31 Published : 2023-05-22

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Abstract :

One of the distinguishing features of Sufism from other sects has been the issue of flattery, which ironically has been one of the most controversial features of this group. In this research, we have studied the process of differentiation in mysticism with emphasis on the phenomenon of Shath and Taamaat from the beginning to the ninth century (AH).  The results show that although mystics initially resorted to certain customs and behaviors to distinguish themselve from other currents of thought, these distinctions were gradually criticized and opposed by both groups. A group that has used the special traditions of mystics as a pretext for its transgression in order to transcend the totality of mysticism, and another group of mystics who have tried to fight against these extremes and deny some behavioral and speech features. Thus, the wave of differentiation from mysticism had continued from the beginning of the formation of this current thought and became more and more intense and pervasive, since the mystics themselves, relying on critique within the discourse began to monitor and refine unusual customs. They practiced Mysticism, Shath and Taamaat were also attacked, and later, in their own interest and in order to protecting their original beliefs and fortifications, Shath and Taamaat, which were the hallmark of mysticism, due to its controversy and marginalization, were attacked. Sufis erased their speech and character of Taamaat.