The Reasons of Differences Between the Wages of Large Industries in Iran

Subject Areas : Labor and Demographic Economics

hamid kordbacheh ¹ , Ali souri ²

1 - استادیار اقتصاد دانشگاه بوعلی سیناهمدان
2 - استادیار اقتصاد دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

Received: 2015-04-22 Accepted : 2015-04-22 Published : 2011-04-01

Keywords: Technical Efficiency, ISIC, Large Manufacturing Industries, Efficiency Wage Theory, Differential Wage,

Abstract :

Based on the efficiency of wage hypothesis, this paper examines the determinants of wage dispersion of large manufacturing industries using a panel of 4-digit ISIC data during the period of 1998-2007 in Iran. The findings explain that there is a significant difference between wages in the sampled data. By eliminating the effects of individual measured and firm characteristics such as gender, education, expert, experience, efficiency, firm size and so on. The differences in wages have remained significant yet. The results confirm the efficiency of wage theory, in which the wages dispersion cannot merely attribute to labor force characteristics.

References:

منابع

ــ سوری، علی.(1385).تفاوت دستمزدهای دولتی و خصوصی در کارگاه‌های بزرگ صنعتی بر مبنای نظریه دستمزدکارایی. مجلة تحقیقات اقتصادی، دانشگاه تهران، 75:149-131.

ــ کازرونی، سیدعلیرضا و سجودی سکینه.(1385).نقش بهره‌وری در تعیین سطح دستمزد نیروی کار در بخش صنعت ایران (1376 تا 1382) رهیافت داده‌های تلفیقی، مجلة تحقیقات اقتصادی، شماره76،187-169.

ــ مهرگان، نادر،حسین، اصغرپور، رویا، صمدی و پورعبادالهیان، محسن.(1388).رابطه حداقل دستمزد با توزیع درآمد در ایران. فصلنامةرفاه اجتماعی،9 (33):32- 64.

ــ مرکز آمار ایران، نتایج آمارگیری از کارگاه‌های بزرگ صنعتی 10 نفر کارکن و بیشتر. سال‌های 1374 تا 1385.

-    Akerlof, G. (1984). Gift exchange and efficiency-wage theory: four views. American Economic Review, 74 (2): 79-83.

-    Akerlof, G.A. (1982). Labor contracts as partial gift exchange. Quarterly Journal of Economics. 79 (4): 543-69.

-    Bowles, S. (1985). The production process in a competitive economy: Walrasian, Neo-Hobbsian and Marxian models. American Economic Review, 75 (1): 16-36.

-    Bulow, J. & L. Summers, (1986). A theory of dual labor markets with application to industrial policy, discrimination, and Keynesian unemployment. Journal of Labor Economics, 4 (3): 376-414.

-    Calvo, G. A. & Wellisz, S. (1978). Hierarchy, ability and income distribution. Journal of Political Economy, 87 (5): 991-1010.

-    Calvo, G. (1979). Quasi-Walrasian theories of unemployment. American Economic Review, 76 (2): 102-107.

-    Calvo, G. (1985). The inefficiency of unemployment: the supervision perspective. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 100 (2): 373-87.

-    Chatterji, M, &Mumford, Peter N. Smith (2007). The public-private Sector gender wage differential: evidence from matched employee-workplace data. Working paper IZA.

-    Córdoba, Gonzalo Fernández-de, Javier Pérez, José Torres (2012). Public and private sector wages interactions in a general equilibrium model. Public Choice, 150 (1-2): 309-326.

-    Dickens, W. & K. Lang (1985). A test of dual labor market theory. American Economic Review, 75 (4): 792-805.

-    Dickens, W. & L. Katz (1987). Inter-industry wage differences and theories of wage determination. NBER Working Paper, No. 2271, June.

-    Disney, R. (2007). Public-private sector wage differentials around the world: methods and evidence, presented at center for markets and public organization/office of Manpower Economics conference: issues in Public Sector Pay, London, 14th September.

-    Eaton, C.& W.D. White.(1982). Agent compensation and the limits of bonding.Economic Inquiry, 20 (3): 330-343.

-    Eaton, C. and W.D. White (1983). The economy of high wages: an agency problem. Economica, 50 (198) 175-81.

-    Jones, S.R.G. (1985). Dual labor markets, productivity and unemployment. Mimeo. University of British Columbia.

-    Kumbhakar, S.C. and C.A.K. Lovell (2000). Stochastic frontier analysis, Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.

-    Krishnan, P. (2000). Public sector pay and private sector wage premiums: testing alternative models of wage determination. Working paper, No. 2356.

-    Mizala, Alejandra, PilarRomaguera, Sebastián Gallegos (2011). Wage gap in Latin America (1992–2007), a matching approach. Labour Economics, 18 (1): 115-1310.

-    Ramoni-Perazzi, J. and Andes, U. J. (2006). Wage differentials between the public and the private sector: how comparable are the workers? Journal of Business & Economics Research, 4(5): 43-57.

-    Salop, S. (1979). A model of the natural rate of unemployment, American Economic Review, 69(1): 117-1250.

-    Shapiro, C. & J. Stiglitz (1984). Equilibrium unemployment as a worker discipline device. American Economic Review, 74(3): 433- 444.

-    Solow, R. (1979). Another possible source of wage stickiness. Journal of Macroeconomics, 1(1): 79-82.

-    Stiglitz, J. (1984). Theories of wage rigidity. NBER Working Paper,
No. 1442.

-    Stiglitz, J. (1985). Equilibrium wage distributions. Economic Journal, 95(379): 595-618.

-    Stoft, S. (1982). Cheat Threat theory: An explanation of involuntary unemployment. Mimeo, Boston University.

-    Summers, L.H. (1988). Relative wages, and Keynesian unemployment. American Economic Review, 8(2): 385-88.

-    Verner, Dorte (2000). Wage and productivity gaps: evidence from Ghana. econpaper.repec.org/paper/wbkwbrwps/2168.htm.

-    Walsh, Frank (1999). A multi-sector model of efficiency wages. Journal of Labor Economics; 17 (2): 351-3760.

-    Weiss, A. (1980). Job queues and layoffs in labor markets with flexible wages. Journal of Political Economy, 88 (3): 96-117.