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Open Access Article
1 - Managing water wastage, wasting time and increasing the efficiency of the filters using tube settlers
Mohsen Memarzadeh Mozhgan Ahmadi Nadoushan Payam Najafi Mehran HoodajiThe Isfahan water treatment plant, with a final capacity of 12.5 cubic meters per second, is one of the largest water treatment plants in the Middle East. It has 10 sedimentation basins with a retention time ranging from 1.91 to 2.75 hours; each basin has a volume of 91 MoreThe Isfahan water treatment plant, with a final capacity of 12.5 cubic meters per second, is one of the largest water treatment plants in the Middle East. It has 10 sedimentation basins with a retention time ranging from 1.91 to 2.75 hours; each basin has a volume of 9172 cubic meters and a surface load of 14.2 to 2.85 cubic meters per square meter per hour. This research was conducted to investigate the efficiency of the combined use of accelerator sedimentation basins equipped with tube settlers on a full and field scale. The goal was to achieve greater efficiency in improving the quality of output water and managing the reduction of water wastage, backwashing time wastage, as well as reducing the need for repairs and maintenance of treatment plant equipment. In this study, the accelerator sedimentation ponds related to two stream 1 clarifiers from the first phase of the treatment plant were equipped with rapid tubular settlers made of food-grade polypropylene. These settlers are hexagonal in shape with a hydraulic diameter of 50 to 80 mm; placed at a 60-degree angle to the surface, and have a length of 90 cm. Stream 2 was operated without the simultaneous use of rapid tube settlers in the circuit. The amount of backwashing’s of filters, the number of times the aerators and backwashing pumps are engaged in the circuit, the amount of water wastage, and the time required for each wash in streams 1 and 2 were compared with each other. The results of this study showed that the number of times of reverse washing of filters was reduced by an average of 25% compared to stream 2. This action also reduced the amount of water used for backwashing the filters and consequently reduced the number of working hours of the electrical and mechanical equipment of the water treatment plant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The impact of CEO Characteristics and Audit Market Competition on Disclosure Quality and Financial Comparability
Samaneh Edalati ShakibObjective: Nowadays, considering the competitive environment and changing business conditions, the most important issue for companies is their credibility and level of acceptance. One of the important tools to show this is the ranking of companies. In fact, the company' MoreObjective: Nowadays, considering the competitive environment and changing business conditions, the most important issue for companies is their credibility and level of acceptance. One of the important tools to show this is the ranking of companies. In fact, the company's ranking can be a sign of its creditworthiness. Regarding this, most countries have ranked companies listed on their stock exchanges. The study examines whether the CEO’s characteristics are associated with financial information's disclosure quality and comparability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Contamination of brucellosis in milk and cheese by Real time PCR
fatemeh Khodaverdipour Nazila Arbab Soleimani Yasaman BorounBrucella spp are small, immobile, gram-negative bacteria that are lacking capsules and formed like cocobacillus. Brucellosis is a zoonosis infection between humans and animals that can lead to miscarriages, fertility disorders, genital infections, reduction in milk pro MoreBrucella spp are small, immobile, gram-negative bacteria that are lacking capsules and formed like cocobacillus. Brucellosis is a zoonosis infection between humans and animals that can lead to miscarriages, fertility disorders, genital infections, reduction in milk production, urethritis, and epididymitis in the original host, resulting in many medical disorders in patients and unnecessary treatment expenses. Moreover, farmers would end up facing significant economic losses. Despite advances in blood culture techniques and serological tests to detect specific antibiotics, there are still significant difficulties in the diagnosis of brucellosis; therefore, a new laboratory test is needed for a better examination. One of the most recent quantitative methods that have already caught the attention of many researchers is the detection of bacteria by Real Time PCR method. The aim of this study is to identify bacteria of the genus Brucella, both in milk and cheese samples, by the method of Real Time PCR. 25 samples of cow's milk and twenty-five samples of cheese were collected from different parts of Shahrekord city. DNA extraction was performed using the DNA extraction kit (Cinnagen company) for the molecular diagnosis. Then, by the use of Real Time PCR reaction (Corbett Rotor-Gene Model, manufactured in Australia), samples were studied. In this study, fifty samples were examined, and only two samples (4%) were diagnosed with Brucella abortus, meanwhile, there were no reports on infections by Brucella in the cheese samples. Conclusion: This study shows that molecular techniques such as Real Time PCR can be used as a complementary method for the detection of Brucella, alongside all the other common methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Contamination of brucellosis in blood samples of seropositive patients for Brucella in the Shahr-e Kord and Isfahan city by Real Time PCR method
Hossein Khodabandeh shahraki nazila Arbab SoleimaniBrucellosis is one of the most common bacterial diseases in both humans and animals.It causes human to suffer from Malta fever and has highly economic losses in livestock. Bacteriological culture and serological tests for the diagnosis of chronic cases are insensitive. MoreBrucellosis is one of the most common bacterial diseases in both humans and animals.It causes human to suffer from Malta fever and has highly economic losses in livestock. Bacteriological culture and serological tests for the diagnosis of chronic cases are insensitive. Therefore, the use of Real Time PCR is a great help to evaluate the frequency of types of brucella abortus and brucella melitensis in serum of people with positive serology. Serum samples of 30 cases with right positive test (over 1/160) were collected from DNA clinical laboratories in the cities of Shahrekord and Esfahan and they were extracted with the use of signagen DNA extraction kit. In order to identify the genus and the types of brucella abortus and brucella melitensis Real Time PCR reaction was carried out on the samples. In this study, all 30 samples were confirmed with the use of Real Time PCR. Brucella abortus was detected in all samples in the cities of Esfahan and Shahrekord. After Real Time PCR test was run on females, brucella abortus was just detected, While in males, 22 (%73/33) cases suffered from brucella abortus and 3 (%10) suffered from brucella melitensis. From the total of 7 cases with brucellosis infection in the age group below 30 years old, 6 (%85/7) cases suffered from brucella abortus and 1 (%14/3) suffered from brucella melitensis, While from the 23 cases with brucellosis in the age group over 30 years old, 21 (% 91/3) had brucella abortus and 2 (%8/7) had brucella melitensis. In recent years many molecular methods have been used for the detection of this bacteria. Real Time PCR method in the sense that it requires less time and has high sensitivity and specificity is very useful in the diagnosis of the disease Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Extending the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks Using Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm Based on Trust Model
Farshad Kiyoumarsi Behzad Zamani DehkordiWireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the safest and most widely used existing networks, which are used for monitoring and controlling the environment and obtaining environmental information in order to make appropriate decisions in different environments. One of the very MoreWireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the safest and most widely used existing networks, which are used for monitoring and controlling the environment and obtaining environmental information in order to make appropriate decisions in different environments. One of the very important features of wireless sensor networks is their lifetime. Two important factors come to mind to increase the lifetime of networks: These factors are maintaining the coverage of the network and reducing the energy consumption of sensor nodes simultaneously with the uniform consumption of energy by all of them. Clustering, as the optimal method of data collection, is used to reduce energy consumption and maintain the coverage of the network in wireless sensor networks. In clustered networks, each node transmits acquired data to the cluster head to which it belongs. After a cluster head collects all the data from all member nodes, it transmits the data to the base station (sink). Given that fuzzy logic is a good alternative for complex mathematical systems, in this study, a fuzzy logic-based trust model uses the clustering method in wireless sensor networks. In this way, cluster-head sensors are elected from among sensors with high reliability with the help of fuzzy rules. As a result, the best and most trusted sensors will be selected as the cluster heads. The simulation results in MATLAB software show that in this way, in comparison with K-Means, FCM, subtractive clustering, and multi-objective fuzzy clustering protocols, the energy consumption in clustered nodes will decrease and the network’s lifetime will increase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The measurement and analysis of sunflower producers, technical efficiency in khoy
ali bagerzadehRegarding the importance of sunflower in production of nuts and oil, it has been tried to calculate the production function of sunflower growers in khoy. To this purpose the timer linear programming (LP) method was used, which was based on a field research, using the cr MoreRegarding the importance of sunflower in production of nuts and oil, it has been tried to calculate the production function of sunflower growers in khoy. To this purpose the timer linear programming (LP) method was used, which was based on a field research, using the cross sectional data in 1387. The results obtained showed that the average technical efficiency of sunflower growers in Khoy was about %53, which in dicated the %47 wastage of the production resources. It was recognized that the lack of training and agricultural extension services were the effective social factors in technical workability of sunflower growers in Khoy. In conclusion, we suggest the governmental authorities to increase the allocated budget to promote the versatility of the sunflower growers and eliminate the unnecessary losses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Synchronization of a Class of Neutral Chaotic Systems based on Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Approach
amirhosein rostamPour Assef Zare Narges ShafaeiSynchronization of a Class of Neutral Chaotic Systems based on Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Approach Synchronization of a Class of Neutral Chaotic Systems based on Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Approach Synchronization of a Class of Neutral Chaotic Systems based MoreSynchronization of a Class of Neutral Chaotic Systems based on Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Approach Synchronization of a Class of Neutral Chaotic Systems based on Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Approach Synchronization of a Class of Neutral Chaotic Systems based on Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Approach In this paper, adaptive control mechanism for finite time synchronization of a specific class of neutral chaotic systems is considered equal to unknown Delays disturbance and uncertainty. Delays and parameters are considered and different for two neutral chaotic systems equal to the master and the slave. The neutral chaotic system is introduced using a positive Lyapunov exponent and finite Attractor. in the proposed adaptive control mechanism two linear and adaptive sliding mode controllers have been used for synchronization.in the proposed approach control mechanism,the rules for updating the unknown parameters have been introduced by Lipshitz condition in chaotic system and use of Lyapunov function stability proposed control system in robust synchronization mentioned system have been confirmed. Finally, synchronization is performed between the master and slave neutral chaotic system )Jark and Gensiotsio( with nonlinear uncertainty and external disturbance as well as parameters and unknown time delay. Examination of the simulation results shows that the controller overcame the external disturbance and boundary uncertainty in the shortest time. And The estimation of the parameters of the main system is well done, which indicates the accuracy of the theory analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Cluster Analysis of Iran's Position in the World and Future Trends Based on Good Governance Components
Mona Ahani Morteza Mosakhani Reza Najafbeigi Mohammad Ali AfsharkazemiThe Study of good governance and the quality of government institutions is a debate that began in the 90's. Good governance, which consists of six components: control of corruption, government effectiveness, political stability and absence of violence, regulatory qualit MoreThe Study of good governance and the quality of government institutions is a debate that began in the 90's. Good governance, which consists of six components: control of corruption, government effectiveness, political stability and absence of violence, regulatory quality, rule of law, voice and accountability, is a model for development. In this study, the World Bank's assessments and statistics on the six-fold good governance indicators published each year, were used to survey 186 countries worldwide. The aims of this research were studying the status of countries based on good governance and determining the status of Iran among other countries, using clustering technique; And analyzing the trend of Iran's position in the 2021 horizons using time series analysis. Using the clustering method of the countries of the world, based on the good governance and the frequent clustering of Iran with other countries, they were separated. Then, from the time series method using of the exponential smoothing based on the ARIMA's method was investigate to predict the six's good governance indicators and the situation of the country in the next five years. Findings of the research show that in the 2021 horizons, the accountability index will be problematic in the country and the rule of law and control of corruption ratios will remain almost unchanged, and, on the other hand, the rest of the indicators show a slight improvement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Design of a Mathematical Model for Production and Delivery Planning in the Supply Chain Systems.
M. Aryanejad M. ModiriThe 1980s witnessed the establishment of many new production strategies, including Just-in-timemanufacturing, Lean manufacturing, Kanban systems, and Total quality management. (TQM)These strategies have been applied by many companies to improve system management, enhanc MoreThe 1980s witnessed the establishment of many new production strategies, including Just-in-timemanufacturing, Lean manufacturing, Kanban systems, and Total quality management. (TQM)These strategies have been applied by many companies to improve system management, enhance productand process quality, and reduce operating and inventory costs, in order to better compete in differentmarkets.Recently, however, the strategies have focused more on improving supply chain management to achievethese goals. Many of the advances in supply chain management can be analyzed with the aid of a computer.Computer – aided decision - support tools play a very important role in assisting and supporting decisionmakers managing a complex supply chain system.This dissertation develops a computer - aided decision - support tool: an integer linear optimization modelof a deterministic multi - item, multi - stage, multi - period, capacitated, with deterministic demandgeneralized network supply chain system. The model uses a kanban control system to plan and allocateproduction and delivery throughout the supply chain - The main objective of the model is to minimize thecost of Kanban injection, the cost of finished goods inventory, and the cost of work - in - process inventoryin the system. Practical problems of supply chain systems with associated optimal production and deliveryallocation are also presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Simulating the Production Line of Reinforcement Bars and Determining the nondominant Solutions for the Number of Cranes
Mohammadali Afshar Kazemi Mahmoud Alborzi Shadi MahjoubraveshIn this research, it has been attempted to model the production line of reinforcement barsusing discrete simulation modeling to determine the number of cranes required, considering therelevant factors such as, production line speed, failure rates of each machine and the MoreIn this research, it has been attempted to model the production line of reinforcement barsusing discrete simulation modeling to determine the number of cranes required, considering therelevant factors such as, production line speed, failure rates of each machine and the spacerequirement. To achieve this, the production process was first investigated and an appropriatesimulation model was formulated using the Enterprise Dynamics (ED) simulation package. Therelevant data were then collected for each entity through time study. The sample size and thestatistical distributions were identified. To check for model validation, the simulation resultswere compared with actual data using statistical tests. To determine the desired number ofcranes and improve the production line performance, three indices i.e. output rate, productivityfactor and mean waiting time were determined through expert opinion and eight differentlayouts were constructed as alternatives considering the space constraint. All three indices weredetermined through simulation taking a reproducible approach. The weights of the criteria werecomputed using the Entropy technique and the alternatives were ranked using the TOPSISmethodology Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Expanding the Application Models Box Jenkins, Artificial Neural Network and Adjusted Exponential forecasting Social Phenomena (Case study: forecasting of marriage and divorce in Ilam)
Mohammadreza Omidi Nabi Omidi Ardashir Shiri R. MohammadipourOne of the most important tools in the hands of managers and experts to make strategic decisions is Methods of forecasting and futures. Despite the development of prediction methods, but less likely to use these methods in predicting social phenomena such as marriage, MoreOne of the most important tools in the hands of managers and experts to make strategic decisions is Methods of forecasting and futures. Despite the development of prediction methods, but less likely to use these methods in predicting social phenomena such as marriage, divorce and population growth are discussed. In this study, using data from marriage and divorce between the years 1992 to 2013 in Ilam province to forecasts, the number of these phenomena using models Box Jenkins, Artificial Neural Network and Adjusted Exponential has been studied for years to come. The results showed that the prediction accuracy Box Jenkins model to predict the number of marriages and Artificial Neural Network model to predict the number of divorces is more than any other prediction methods. The predicted values showed that the proportion of marriages end in divorce in Ilam province between the years 2014 to 2018 following the gentle slope, to reduce the move. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Algorithm of determining Product's Batch Size and Sequence of the Operations of n Job on m Machine
رسول Haji هوشنگ TaghizadehIn this paper, a heuristic algorithm has been presented with the aim of determining the quantity ofa best batch size for minimizing the makespan of a production system in order to meet the demandsof a specified period for a product. This algorithm calculates the time re MoreIn this paper, a heuristic algorithm has been presented with the aim of determining the quantity ofa best batch size for minimizing the makespan of a production system in order to meet the demandsof a specified period for a product. This algorithm calculates the time required for fulfilling each ofthe requisite operations for producing a batch size by taking into account the standard time forfulfilling the operations, number of similar parts used in one unit of a product, the machinery setuptime, scrap percentage of each operation on the relevant machinery and the quantity of that batchsize. This algorithm allots the requisite operations to the machinery for producing the total demandof a specified period by making use of the calculated information, SPT1 rule, the specifiedconditions in the algorithm and the quantity of the production in each batch size. Then, with respectto the quantity of this batch size, the aggregate of the setup and idle times of machinery iscalculated for the whole period. Afterwards, the quantity of the optimum batch size whichminimizes the aggregate of these times is obtained by calculating the aggregate of these times forthe different quantities of the batch sizes and comparing them. Some examples have been presentedfor comparing this algorithm with Ho & Chang, Johnson, and Palmer's algorithms. The results showthat this algorithm presents a better makespan in comparison with the aforementioned algorithms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Expanding the Application Models Box Jenkins, Artificial Neural Network and Adjusted Exponential forecasting Social Phenomena (Case study: forecasting of marriage and divorce in Ilam)
Mohammadreza Omidi Nabi Omidi Ardeshir Shiri Rahmatullah MohammadipourOne of the most important tools in the hands of managers and experts to make strategic decisions is Methods of forecasting and futures. Despite the development of prediction methods, but less likely to use these methods in predicting social phenomena such as marriage, d MoreOne of the most important tools in the hands of managers and experts to make strategic decisions is Methods of forecasting and futures. Despite the development of prediction methods, but less likely to use these methods in predicting social phenomena such as marriage, divorce and population growth are discussed. In this study, using data from marriage and divorce between the years 1992 to 2013 in Ilam province to forecasts, the number of these phenomena using models Box Jenkins, Artificial Neural Network and Adjusted Exponential has been studied for years to come. The results showed that the prediction accuracy Box Jenkins model to predict the number of marriages and Artificial Neural Network model to predict the number of divorces is more than any other prediction methods. The predicted values showed that the proportion of marriages end in divorce in Ilam province between the years 2014 to 2018 following the gentle slope, to reduce the move. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Causes of Impulse Buying: Evaluation of a Model in Iran
K. Heidarzadeh F. TaherikiaOne of most discussion in marketing & consumer behavior, is an important subject, is choice &selection of product & buying behavior. Behavioral scientists make an effort to create in behaviormodels. In this research, it is inspected that variables like time MoreOne of most discussion in marketing & consumer behavior, is an important subject, is choice &selection of product & buying behavior. Behavioral scientists make an effort to create in behaviormodels. In this research, it is inspected that variables like time available, money available, shoppingenjoyment, & impulse buying tendency as latent variables (independent). The influence positiveaffect, negative affect, in- store browsing. These variables influence to urge to buy impulsivity & atlast this variable influence to impulse buying. It is designed a questionnaire with 58 qustions &compute reliability in 2 stage. Because it needs to change some sentences. It is asked from 496customers in 20 shopping mall in Tehran, & used spss 16 & lisrel 8.3 to analysis data.In first phase of analysis, it is used to conformity factor analysis in respect to confirm the relationsbetween variables, then it is used with common factor analysis to reduce questions, & next phase, & itis used to exploratory factor analysis to explorer of new relations between variables.If it is compared that between result from Beatty & Ferrell (1998) & result from this research, it isnotice that although this model is respectable, but some relation is not similar to previous researchesarticles. One of these relation that is significant, is between impulse buying tendency & impulsebuying. On the other h&, one of them is significant, but effect is reverse. It is established questioneree& a model that suitable for impulse buying in Tehran- Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Modeling and forecasting electricity production and Consumption in Iran
Mohammadreza Omidi Nabi Omidi Heshmatolah Asgari Meysam Jafari EskandariDue to the relatively high growth of energy consumption in the country, the future of research in the field of electrical energy as an important intermediate inputs in industrial production and as a final good And the necessary domestic and commercial sector, the requir MoreDue to the relatively high growth of energy consumption in the country, the future of research in the field of electrical energy as an important intermediate inputs in industrial production and as a final good And the necessary domestic and commercial sector, the requirements of law enforcement agencies in the field of production and consumption of electricity. Review and forecast electricity consumption and production managers a valuable factor in the power industry for strategic decision making. In this study, using time-series production and power consumption between the years 1967-2013 and deployment of predictive models Box Jenkins, artificial neural network and gray system in addition to the forecasts for the coming years using the standard average percentage of errors the accuracy of prediction methods were also studied villages. The results showed that the highest accuracy in the prediction of Box Jenkins methods and artificial neural network to predict the power consumption is the highest accuracy. The predicted values showed a decreasing ratio of production to consumption in Iran is relatively constant desire and The electricity production in Iran in 2019 to 318 843 million kW per hour and power consumption to be 260,645 million kWh, Which can be modified using modern methods of production and consumption patterns towards increased production to consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Editor abilities futures model of personal time management skills and creativity and innovation Sports Radio Network's media companions
Masoumeh Kalateh Seyfari Forough Mohammadi Hamid GhasemiThe main objective of this research designabilities futures on personal time management skills and creativity and innovation in the mediacompanions sports radio network in Iran. The study was a descriptive - correlation and analysis. To achieve the research objectives MoreThe main objective of this research designabilities futures on personal time management skills and creativity and innovation in the mediacompanions sports radio network in Iran. The study was a descriptive - correlation and analysis. To achieve the research objectives of the questionnaires capabilities futures Parsa and colleagues, personal time management skills Hafezi and questionnaires were used creativity and innovation Moghimi and colleagues. For data analysis software were used SPSS.V.20 and AMOS.V.18. The results show Future studies could capabilities for managers and employees to do sports radio network planning to improve personal time management skills and create betterand creativity and innovation in organizations and media suitable opportunities for staff sports radio network affect Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - On the Behavioral Difference Between Institutinos and Individuals Investors after the Weekend
M. Khaliliaraghi F. Rahnamaye roud poshti A. JoudakiThis paper compares the trading patterns of individuals and institutions investors during the datefollowing the weekend. The comparison is based on transactions of a large sample of investors who dosell and purchase stocks for 166 weeks in a major brokerage hall in Tehr MoreThis paper compares the trading patterns of individuals and institutions investors during the datefollowing the weekend. The comparison is based on transactions of a large sample of investors who dosell and purchase stocks for 166 weeks in a major brokerage hall in Tehran from 2004 Mar. 27th to2007 Feb. 5th.This paper is based on applied goal and on the basis of data collecting is casual comparretive, due tocomparison survey of investor’s behavior before and after weekend.We find that weekends influence both individuals and institutions investors, however they affect themin opposite directions.Individuals increase both their buy and sell accctivities after weekend.On the other hand institutions tend to perform fewer buy as well as sell trades after the weekend, butunlike individuals, the drops in their activity are almost the same for buy and sell trades.We find out collectively volume of transaction institutions investors is more than individuals becauselots of exchanges are dedicated to them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Using a Modified Trainable Neural Network Ensemble for Trend Prediction of Tehran Stock Exchange (Case Study: Kharg Petrochemical Company)
A. Shahrabadi R. Ebrahimpour H. NikooThis paper represents a comparison between modified trainable neural network ensemble with othertrainable and non-trainable ensembles. The historical data available in this case study are from khargpetrochemical company in Tehran stock exchange. This company is one of t MoreThis paper represents a comparison between modified trainable neural network ensemble with othertrainable and non-trainable ensembles. The historical data available in this case study are from khargpetrochemical company in Tehran stock exchange. This company is one of the biggest producers ofpetrochemicals, including methanol, in Iran and its stock price is very much dependent on worldmethanol price. Therefore Kharg stock price reflects its financial information more clearly than otherswith no products for global exportation. The reason of choosing Kharg is related to its large datahistory and high rate of stock free float1. The results show how a modified trainable neural networkensemble can overcome other trainable and non-trainable ensembles. This study also demonstrateshow we can beat the market through our proposed model without the use of extensive market data orknowledge Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Function of Time Components at the Beginning of the Fifth and Sixth Volume of Tarikh-e Beyhaqi
Zahra Riahizamin fahimeh heidaryHistorical texts by the planning process for the expression of numerous events, are worthy for narratology investigations. The rules of narration let the historian to choose and describe an event among many events. As the narrative time is in profound connection with th MoreHistorical texts by the planning process for the expression of numerous events, are worthy for narratology investigations. The rules of narration let the historian to choose and describe an event among many events. As the narrative time is in profound connection with the plot, so it has an important role in the narrative Tactics. In this survey, in order to study the type of operation and apply the element of time on Tarikh-e Beyhaqi, the time elements Gerard Genette’s theory such as flashback and flashforward, omissions and summarization, descriptive pause and etc, has been evaluated by semiotic approach. Our results show that in Beyhaqi used the narrative time and in analysis this type of time, due to numerous encasement, a multilayer structure is created, so that we can say Tarikh-e Beyhaqi’s temporality is on a similar level with the plots. The main Characteristics of Beyhaqi’s narration in this field is extraction of semantic functions from the elements of the narrative time. In this section the narrator’s willingness and valuation is visible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Relationship Between Religion and Civilization Malek Binnabi's Thought
محسن الویری سیدرضا مهدی نژادThe relationship between religion and civilization and the role of religion in the creation or development of civilizations have been echoed among many civilization historians and theorists. and even some of religiousscholars, produced a diverse range of pro- and counte MoreThe relationship between religion and civilization and the role of religion in the creation or development of civilizations have been echoed among many civilization historians and theorists. and even some of religiousscholars, produced a diverse range of pro- and counter-views. This article attempts to analyses the ideas of Malek Ben Nabi, an Algerian prominent thinker, about the relationship between religion and civilization. He is one the few Muslim thinkers whose studies and works focus on civilization, the role of religion in civilization and the relationship between them. In his perspective, the constituent elements of a civilization are: man, soil and time. But what is important as an underlying point is that existence of these elements solely will not create a civilisation.It needs to a synthesizer, which influenced the combination of those three elements. Historical analysis shows that the only thing which always has been followed by constructing a civilization is “religious thought”. Religious thought stimulates spirit of these elements and by combining them together, extract a production called civilization. Although creation of a civilization is subject to human civilizational zation will, this doesn’t happened but by human’s faith which calls for attempts and motivations. The civilization is the result of human’s interaction with soil in a specific period of time and in the light of religious thought Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Modifying and adjusting features of ZnO-based UV sensors through singly- and co-doping with Ti and Zr using low current sputtering technique
Nader Madani-Mashaei Ebrahim Asl Soleimani Hamidreza Shirvani-Mahdavi -
Open Access Article
22 - Experimental results of thep+d⇌3He+γ reactions up to 450 MeV
Ali Akbar Mehmandoost-Khajeh-Dad -
Open Access Article
23 - Theoretical analysis and intensity calculation for the f → d absorption spectrum of Ce3+ in YAl3(BO3)4 crystal
Imen Kebaïli Mohamed Dammak -
Open Access Article
24 - String cloud and domain walls with quark matter in kink cosmological model
Pradyumn Kumar Sahoo Bivudutta Mishra -
Open Access Article
25 - Nonstandard Lagrangian cosmology
Rami Ahmad El-Nabulsi -
Open Access Article
26 - Linear energy-momentum tensor for a scalar field in de Sitter space
Mohammad Reza Tanhayi Sepideh Mirabi -
Open Access Article
27 - Wigner distribution function of superposed quantum states for a time-dependent oscillator-like Hamiltonian system
Jeong Ryeol Choi Ji Nny Song Seong Ju Hong -
Open Access Article
28 - Kaluza-Klein interacting cosmic fluid cosmological model
Kishor S Adhav Meena V Dawande Soniya M Borikar -
Open Access Article
29 - Study on kink space-time in scale invariant theory with wet dark fluid
Bivudutta Mishra Pradyumn Kumar Sahoo -
Open Access Article
30 - Lie algebra method for solving biological population model
Yilun Shang -
Open Access Article
31 - Pretend model of traveling wave solution of two-dimensional K-dV equation
Md Rezaul Karim Md Abdul Alim Laek Sazzad Andallah -
Open Access Article
32 - Damping effects in ^{100}Sn ^{+ 16}O and ^{100}Sn ^{+ 16Ca} collisions
Hossein Sadeghi Mahdieh Ghafouri -
Open Access Article
33 - Dynamical and transport properties in plasmas including three-particle spatial correlations
Hakima Ababsa Med Tayeb Meftah Thouria Chohra -
Open Access Article
34 - Enhanced physical properties of the anodic TiO2 nanotubes via proper anodization time
Zahra Jedi-soltanabadi Negin Pishkar Mahmood Ghoranneviss -
Open Access Article
35 - About dark matter as an emerging entity from elementary energy density fluctuations of a three-dimensional quantum vacuum
Davide Fiscaletti -
Open Access Article
36 - Effect of plasma oxidation parameters on physical properties of nanocrystalline nickel oxide thin films grown by two-step method: DC sputtering and plasma oxidation
F. Hajakbari S. Rashvand A. Hojabri -
Open Access Article
37 - Photon decaying in de Sitter universe
Y. Ahmadi M. V. Takook -
Open Access Article
38 - Mining Frequent Patterns in Uncertain and Relational Data Streams using the Landmark Windows
fatemeh Abdi Aliasghar Safaei -
Open Access Article
39 - Using fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for common lecturer timetabling among departments
hamed babaei Jaber Karimpour Sajjad Mavizi -
Open Access Article
40 - Data Replication-Based Scheduling in Cloud Computing Environment
Bahareh Rahmati Amir Masoud Rahmani Ali Rezaei -
Open Access Article
41 - DTMP: Energy Consumption Reduction in Body Area Networks Using a Dynamic Traffic Management Protocol
Mona Alimardani Amir Masoud Rahmani Houman Zarrabi -
Open Access Article
42 - 2016 Olympic Games on Twitter: Sentiment Analysis of Sports Fans Tweets using Big Data Framework
Azam Seilsepour Reza Ravanmehr Hamid Reza Sima -
Open Access Article
43 - A New Hybrid Method for Web Pages Ranking in Search Engines
Sajjad Najafi Farhad Soleimanian Gharehchopogh -
Open Access Article
44 - Alleviation of Cold Start in Movie Recommendation Systems using Sentiment Analysis of Multi-Modal Social Networks
Mehrnaz Mirhasani Reza Ravanmehr -
Open Access Article
45 - The Role of Internet to Poltical Identity Yongers People of City Qazvin
Ranginnegar Karamzade Ali AliniaThe research is most original sours of scientific production. The main of research is wisely activity and regular that doing theoretically and experiential for idea production and fundamental and data experiential and development . Iran”s society in transit MoreThe research is most original sours of scientific production. The main of research is wisely activity and regular that doing theoretically and experiential for idea production and fundamental and data experiential and development . Iran”s society in transition that faced to social- mental- cultural and …. Problems- political research is very important in production scientific information that requires in planning development .in attention to this research want to knowing effected of using from internet to political identity – placed in network of virtual sociology . This research refers to internet effect to politics identity of qazvin city youngs. From this out look in attention to repeat that has concept spaces matter benefits from erspectives structuralism and gidens rethinking identity perspectives interactions and perspectives post structuralism for explanation phenomenon and attention to assumptions that obtaining the from this theories with attention to feature of the population case study wanting identification effected internet to politics identity users. 383 person users of 20 & 30 years old of qazvin city was selected to survey way and using with technique interview, add required information and data that has used for validity indexes calculation from construct validity and validity calculation from indexes of cronbach's alpha coefficient too . The results of research shown that “time “ of using internet had significant relationship to politics identity and not relationship to politics identity with “mount” and “kind” of using of internet . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Attitude of International Media Outlets, Reuters, Bloomberg and Financial Times about Iran Oil Industry in Post Sanction ERA
Pooya Nematolahi Behrooz Kavehie Alireza SoltaniIran’s petroleum industry has been one of the main targets of the sanctions. The same sector also was the pioneer and made the greatest gains after the easing of international restrictions. One of the key variables that influenced and paved the way for either impo MoreIran’s petroleum industry has been one of the main targets of the sanctions. The same sector also was the pioneer and made the greatest gains after the easing of international restrictions. One of the key variables that influenced and paved the way for either imposition or removal of the sanctions was the role of International mass media. As a matter of fact, the media streams did play a key role in the success of the sanctions during imposed sanctions. In the post-sanctions setting, the same media did set the ground for implementation of the articles of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) especially with regard to the oil sanctions on Iran. The present article considers the role of three leading international media outlets, namely Thomson Reuters, Bloomberg and Financial Times, regarding the sanctions on Iran’s oil industry in two settings: Prior to the JCPOA implementation and after it. For the purposes of the study, all the news releases of these agencies regarding Iran’s oil industry and sanctions from the beginning of 2012 through the first quarter of 2016 were meticulously studied.The result of the studies indicated that Reuters and Bloomberg did in fact change their standing with regard to Iran’s oil industry and the sanctions before and after the JCPOA implementation. The results showed that the two media outlets changed their attitudes for coverage of the related news from negative to more positive and more supportive attitudes through the two settings. However, the Financial Times, based on the content it has published during the two periods, did not change its attitude towards Iran’s oil industry and the sanctions, and maintained its nonchalant, unmoved, and skeptical stance towards the issue throughout the two settings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Investigating about Different Post Occupancy Evaluation Models
احسان درری جبروتی Amir saeed MahmoodiAbstract: One of the most critical aspects of controlling the quality of a design project, is believed to be the “Evaluation” stage for a building. Architects’ responsibilities are not well defined and/or reinforced in the design process of a project in our country MoreAbstract: One of the most critical aspects of controlling the quality of a design project, is believed to be the “Evaluation” stage for a building. Architects’ responsibilities are not well defined and/or reinforced in the design process of a project in our country. In the contrary, in the US, the American Institute of Architects contract defines “Post Design Evaluation” as the sixth step of architect’s responsibilities in a design process. In that country, General Services Administration (GSA) uses Post Occupancy Evaluations (POEs) to assess how building projects perform. Evaluations take a close look at the end-user satisfaction, sustainability, operational effectiveness, and compliance with GSA’s design standards. In contrast to GSA’s building Commissioning Program, which evaluates building performance from project planning through tenant occupancy, a POE evaluates how a building performs six months to two years after occupancy. It provides an overview of how a building functions when in operation. GSA’s POE tools and methods are characterized by evaluation of real world performance of occupied buildings: • Physical measurements of indoor environmental quality (acoustics, air quality, lighting, thermal conditions), • Evaluation tools such as space utilization surveys, floor plan analysis, and social network analysis objectively record as-occupied use of space, • “As operating” conditions are assessed by evaluating systems, controls, energy use, and water use, and by interviewing facility managers, • Web-based surveys broadly gauge occupant satisfaction with as-delivered building services and design features. By looking at the massive record of constructed buildings in Iran it is obvious, except for a few percentages, that most buildings do not satisfy their users. Most users complain about the low quality of their projects. Since the users pay a lot of money, they expect to receive a better-quality buildings than what the architects/builders deliver. In order to overcome this short coming in Iran, it is necessary to look at the Post Occupancy Evaluation, and expect the architects to consider that during the design process. Concepts such as “maintenance” and/or “post occupancy evaluation” seem to be unfamiliar to the profession. As a result, most problems with constructions seem to repeat themselves in most projects. This article makes an attempt to review the importance of “post occupancy evaluation”. It reviews different methods of evaluation, and it defines the most appropriate evaluation methods during each phase of the design process. Evaluation in architecture is also considered as a method for management control and analysis. Concepts related to evaluation in the field of construction are very broad and they are usually valid during the whole process of design and performance. The outcome of this article will provide the architects and the constructor managers different Post Occupancy Evaluation models to compare between different evaluation methods within various aspects of “phenomenon”, “process evaluation”,” functional performance” and ” technical performance” in a project.Research achievements will be offered in a form of general instruction for " post-occupancy evaluation" in the third part. Research method is logical reasoning in the mentioned essay in which a strategy of > will be used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Classification of Iranian Contemporary Architecture, Based on Trends and Challenges
Mahsa Haj Maleki Saeed Haghir -
Open Access Article
49 - Clarifying Components of Urban Identity in Kish
Siamak Rajaei Ramsheh -
Open Access Article
50 - The Theory of “Living Time ” in Periodization of Iranian Architectural History
Mehrdad Qayyoomi Bidhendi -
Open Access Article
51 - Sustainable Criteria Evaluation of Neighbourhoods Through Residents’ Perceived Needs
Rama Ghalambor Dezfooly -
Open Access Article
52 - Globalization Issues Regarding Contemporary Architecture of Iran
Mohammad Reza Mahmoody -
Open Access Article
53 - Designing a model of restrictions on engaging in leisure activities with an emphasis on physical activity
farzam farzan حسن کشاورزThe current research was conducted with the aim of determining the indicators of leisure time limitations with an emphasis on physical activity and presenting a desirable qualitative model. The research method is qualitative. The study population of this research was ma MoreThe current research was conducted with the aim of determining the indicators of leisure time limitations with an emphasis on physical activity and presenting a desirable qualitative model. The research method is qualitative. The study population of this research was made up of the staff managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the heads of sports federations related to public sports. The snowball sampling method continued until theoretical saturation (17 interviews) was reached. The qualitative data analysis process was carried out based on Strauss and Corbin's systematic model in three stages: primary coding, central coding and selective coding. At the end of the three stages of coding, the layers of the final research model were presented individually and schematically, and finally, the final research model was presented by combining these layers. Based on the results, 100 concepts (codes) were extracted from the interviews, which were included in the subset of 21 components and finally formed the sub-branches of the foundation's data model with the Strauss and Corbin approach. The results showed that the model is influenced by various factors. Therefore, when the mechanism of the effect of these factors is correctly identified and diagnosed, we can witness the reduction of restrictions on active sports leisure activities and the increase of participation in active sports leisure activities and the facilitation of negotiations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Design the bi-objective pharmaceutical supply chain network under uncertainty and considering the production, delivery, and drug perishable times
meisam Jafari-Eskandari Mehrdad Mokhtari Mohammad Abbasi fardIn this paper, a bi-objective pharmaceutical supply chain network under uncertainty demand and transportation costs is modeled and developed. To control the uncertainty parameters, the robust optimization method is considering. The main objective of this paper determine MoreIn this paper, a bi-objective pharmaceutical supply chain network under uncertainty demand and transportation costs is modeled and developed. To control the uncertainty parameters, the robust optimization method is considering. The main objective of this paper determines the number and location of potential facilities such as drug manufacture centers and drug distribution centers by considering the minimizing the total costs and minimizing the maximum unsatisfied demand for distribution of drugs to demand zones. In this paper, production time, delivery, and drug perishable time is also considered in modeling. To solve the model, an example is designed and the multi-decision TH method is used. The results obtained the model shows this method is effective in finding the Pareto front at the right time. The results obtained the model shows this method is effective in finding the Pareto front at the right time.The results obtained the model shows this method is effective in finding the Pareto front at the right time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Multicast Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Distributed Reinforcement Learning Approach
M. S. Kordafshari A. Movaghar M.R. meybodiWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are consist of independent distributed sensors with storing, processing, sensing and communication capabilities to monitor physical or environmental conditions. There are number of challenges in WSNs because of limitation of battery power MoreWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are consist of independent distributed sensors with storing, processing, sensing and communication capabilities to monitor physical or environmental conditions. There are number of challenges in WSNs because of limitation of battery power, communications, computation and storage space. In the recent years, computational intelligence approaches such as evolutionary algorithms and swarm intelligence are applied successfully to solve many problems in WSNs. Most important of these problems are data aggregation, energy-aware routing, duty cycle scheduling, security and localization. These problem are in form of distributed so distributed approaches are required to solve them. Reinforcement learning is one of the most widely used and most effective methods of computational intelligence. In this paper, we used the reinforcement learning to solve multicast Quality of Service (QoS) routing. The simulation results showed that reinforcement learning is a suitable approach to solve this problem. The algorithm is implemented easy, it has the great flexibility in topology changes and it leads to optimized results. Distributed reinforcement learning provides compatibility mechanisms that show the intelligence behavior in complicate and dynamic environment such as WSNs. Using reinforcement learning, sensors behave autonomously, independently and flexibly during topology and scenario changes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The new implicit finite difference scheme for two-sided space-time fractional partial differential equation
Hamid Reza Khodabandehlo Elyas Shivanian Shaaban MostafaeeFractional order partial differential equations are generalizations of classical partial differential equations. Increasingly, these models are used in applications such as fluid flow, finance and others. In this paper we examine some practical numerical methods to solv MoreFractional order partial differential equations are generalizations of classical partial differential equations. Increasingly, these models are used in applications such as fluid flow, finance and others. In this paper we examine some practical numerical methods to solve a class of initial- boundary value fractional partial differential equations with variable coefficients on a finite domain. Stability, consistency, and (therefore) convergence of the method are examined. It is shown that the fractional method based on the shifted Grunwald formula is unconditionally stable. This study concerns both theoretical and numerical aspects, where we deal with the construction and convergence analysis of the discretization schemes. A numerical example is presented and compared with exact solution for its order of convergence./////////Fractional order partial differential equations are generalizations of classical partial differential equations. Increasingly, these models are used in applications such as fluid flow, finance and others. In this paper we examine some practical numerical methods to solve a class of initial- boundary value fractional partial differential equations with variable coefficients on a finite domain. Stability, consistency, and (therefore) convergence of the method are examined. It is shown that the fractional method based on the shifted Grunwald formula is unconditionally stable. This study concerns both theoretical and numerical aspects, where we deal with the construction and convergence analysis of the discretization schemes. A numerical example is presented and compared with exact solution for its order of convergence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Parameter estimation of two-parameter Rayleigh distribution under progressive censoring with binomial removals
Nilofar Asle Fallah Akram Kohansal Ramin KazemiThe estimation of unknown parameters of two-parameter Rayleigh distribution based on Type-II progressive censoring with binomial removals is studied. Maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters and their confidence intervals are derived. By applying Markov Chain Mon MoreThe estimation of unknown parameters of two-parameter Rayleigh distribution based on Type-II progressive censoring with binomial removals is studied. Maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters and their confidence intervals are derived. By applying Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques, Bayes estimators, and corresponding highest posterior density confidence intervals of parameters are obtained. The expected time required to complete the life test under this censoring scheme is investigated. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to compare the performances of the different methods, and one data set is analyzed for illustrative purposes. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Time-staged outputs in production process: A DEA-Based Approach
S. Seyedboveir M. Maghbouli F. MatroodThis paper examines the issue of handling outputs in DEA that occur at different stages in time. In some situations, the output set occur at the different period of time, meaning that the produced outputs at the first period of time impact on the production of outputs o MoreThis paper examines the issue of handling outputs in DEA that occur at different stages in time. In some situations, the output set occur at the different period of time, meaning that the produced outputs at the first period of time impact on the production of outputs of next time . This problem setting gives rise to the phenomenon of time-staged outputs. Specifically, the two outputs occur at different points in time, meaning that one of them plays a dual role. In other words, the dual-role measure is considered as either the output of the first stage and simultaneously as input for another time period. This paper demonstrates a modification of the joint technology in order to yield the maximum efficiency of the evaluated units. A real case on ten business schools has been illustrated . This real example is applied to emphasize that the suggested structure can handle this situation appropriately. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Fuzzy Graph Coloring in Traffic Lights Problem
Yahya Talebi Rostami Siyamak Firouzian Ali Reza Moniri Hamzekolaee Mostafa Nouri JouybariGraph coloring is one of the issues that has been most noticed among combinatorial optimization issues. Many useful utility issues can be modeled as graph coloring issues. The general form of this application is to form a graph with nodes representing our favorite parts MoreGraph coloring is one of the issues that has been most noticed among combinatorial optimization issues. Many useful utility issues can be modeled as graph coloring issues. The general form of this application is to form a graph with nodes representing our favorite parts. The main problem of coloring the graph is the grouping of vertex graphs in small groups, so that no two heterogeneous vertices are in the same group. An important part of the application of graph coloring problem in management science is. The concept of traffic lights includes controlling the system of a traffic light so that a safe level of safety can be obtained. Modeling the problem of traffic lights has been proposed as a problem of assignment in combinatorial theory. This problem is also modeled as a graph coloring problem. In this paper, we have tried to model these problems in practical examples as the problem of staining the fuzzy graph and compare them with the proposed methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - A NUMERICAL SOLUTION FOR THE FRACTIONAL RAYLEIGH-STOKES PROBLEM BY SPACE-TIME RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS
Nafiseh Noghrei Asghar Kerayechian Alireza SoheiliIn this paper, we approximate the solution of two-dimensional Rayleigh-Stokes problem ‎for a heated generalized second grade fluid with fractional derivatives. This approximation is ‎based on the space-time radial basis functions (RBFs) and the Sinc quadrature r MoreIn this paper, we approximate the solution of two-dimensional Rayleigh-Stokes problem ‎for a heated generalized second grade fluid with fractional derivatives. This approximation is ‎based on the space-time radial basis functions (RBFs) and the Sinc quadrature rule. In this ‎method, we use Gaussian radial basis function and don't distinguish between time and place ‎variables and the collocation points have both the coordinates of time and space. We use the ‎Sinc quadrature rule with single exponential transformation to approximate the integral part of ‎fractional derivatives. The chosen fractional derivatives is Riemann – Liouville.‎This method is implemented on two examples with different values of the fractional ‎derivative order. Obtained results illustrate the effectiveness of our method and sh ow that ‎one can obtain accurate results with a small number of the collocation points for the radial ‎basis function. It should be noted that all calculations in this paper have been done using ‎Mathematica software.‎ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Symmetry analysis, conservation laws and invariant solutions of the time-fractional equal width wave equation
Ramin NajafiLie symmetry analysis provides an efficient method to get the analytical and exact solutions of the fractional differential equations. In this paper, we discuss Lie symmetry analysis for the time-fractional equal width wave equation with Riemann–Liouville derivati MoreLie symmetry analysis provides an efficient method to get the analytical and exact solutions of the fractional differential equations. In this paper, we discuss Lie symmetry analysis for the time-fractional equal width wave equation with Riemann–Liouville derivative. This equation is used to describe the simulation of one-dimensional wave propagation in nonlinear media with dispersion processes. By employing classical and nonclassical Lie symmetry analysis and some technical calculations, new infinitesimal generators are obtained. Then we reduce the fractional equal width wave equation to the ordinary fractional differential equation by changing the coordinates and find invariant solutions to this equation. By means of Ibragimov’s new conservation theorem and the generalization of the Noether operators, we construct the conservation laws for the equation. Also, we derive the adjoint equation and infinitesimal generator associated with Lie symmetries of the underlying equation and we reduce this equation to the ordinary fractional differential equation. In the reduced equations the derivative is in Erdelyi–Kober sense. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Presenting a Multi-Objective Mathematical Model for Time-Cost trade off Problem Considering Time Value of Money and Solve it by MOPSO Algorithm
M.A Shafiiee M.R Shahriyary فرهاد hosseinzadeh lotfi reza radfarThe time - cost tradeoff problem is one of the most critical issues in the project scheduling field and so far, a lot of research has been done with a variety of quantitative and qualitative approaches on this subject. In this research, we intend to provide a two - obje MoreThe time - cost tradeoff problem is one of the most critical issues in the project scheduling field and so far, a lot of research has been done with a variety of quantitative and qualitative approaches on this subject. In this research, we intend to provide a two - objective mathematical model which balances crash and delay for activities. So that it provides the right tools for decision makers to decide on the scheduling of activities, with considering available facilities and time available, to complete the project. In the proposed mathematical model, it is attempting to use the assumptions such as the nonlinear cost function as well as the time value of money so that the problem conditions will be as close as possible to the real environment. At the end, we solve the mathematical model presented in this paper using the Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) algorithm and the impact of the crash and delay for activities in the final non-dominated solutions is investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Malmquist Productivity Index Based on Time Effect
M. Vaez-GhasemiIn recent years, measuring and analyzing productivity changes is the main focus of variousresearches who study performance of organizations. All through widespread application ofMalmquist Productivity Index, different types of data should be considered thoroughly,otherw MoreIn recent years, measuring and analyzing productivity changes is the main focus of variousresearches who study performance of organizations. All through widespread application ofMalmquist Productivity Index, different types of data should be considered thoroughly,otherwise any defective study of the related data and deciding factors may yield poor results.Practical Malmquist Productivity Index (PMPI) models, presented in this research, arefundamentally capable of measuring the productivity of units in a competitive atmosphere,along with the hidden economic indexes such as time value of money, amortization andpromoted skills of employees. Also these models would provide the productivity comparisonover different periods of time. Moreover, these models are reliable as well as tangible forsuperior managers and it is noteworthy that they would offer significantly favorableconditions, lack of which may cause the unit under evaluation to face a great deal ofregression. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Setup times optimization with considering maintenance scheduling by using nonlinear modeling
A. Zaretalab M.R. Shahryari S. NaderiThe present paper, titled “optimizing the time of preparation, taking into account the timing of repair and maintenance using non-linear modeling”, has been implemented with the aim of designing and presenting a mathematical model to get the best sequence of MoreThe present paper, titled “optimizing the time of preparation, taking into account the timing of repair and maintenance using non-linear modeling”, has been implemented with the aim of designing and presenting a mathematical model to get the best sequence of operations leading to minimum the total time of production. The main research question is related to the reduction of time and production costs following the implementation of the presented model. The method of research’s data and information collection, have been survey and study and library resources, referring to the documentations of repair, maintenance and production segments in the company and expert managers in the areas of planning, engineering production and … Following, the model taking into account the constraints of cost and time, as well as the limitations of the production system is presented. LINGO software is used to solve the models and model outputs, will provide the local solutions that would show the best sequence. And finally it can be extended the model to other industrial units with only smart alternations and present the best operational sequence related to multifunctional machines. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Investigating effect of mean residence time on herd behavior on Tehran stock exchange index volatility by Heston model
Zahra ShirazianIn this article investigate the herd behavior of stock prices inTehran stock exchange with the Heston model. Basing on parameter estimation of the Heston model obtained by minimizing the mean square deviation between the theoretical and empirical return distributions, w MoreIn this article investigate the herd behavior of stock prices inTehran stock exchange with the Heston model. Basing on parameter estimation of the Heston model obtained by minimizing the mean square deviation between the theoretical and empirical return distributions, we simulate mean residence time of positive return.Plots of mean residence time of positive return against the amplitude or mean reversion of volatility demonstrate a phenomenon of herd behavior for a positive cross correlation between noise sources of the Heston model. Also, for a negative cross correlation, a phenomenon of herd behavior is observed in plots of mean residence time of positive return (MRTPR) against the long-run variance by increasing amplitude or mean reversion of volatility. From the simulating results of MRTPR, we observe that (i) when MRTPR is regarded as a function of the amplitude of volatility fluctuation c, there is a phenomenon of the herd behavior for a positive cross correlation between two Wiener processes of stock price and volatility (i.e., λ > 0); (ii) when MRTPR is regarded as a function of mean reversion a, there is a phenomenon of the herd behavior for our considered values of b and c under λ > 0; (iii) increasing a or c induces a phenomenon of the herd behavior under λ < 0 when MRTPR is regarded as a function of mean reversion b. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - The Impact of Investor and Managers' Behavioral Bias on the Stock Price Bubble in capital market of Iran
nazanin bashirimanesh shahnazi hosseinIn emerging capital markets, the inability of investors to analyze financial information, scarcity of information, as well as the impact of macroeconomic and political factors on financial markets, causes the investor to focus on market excitement and the behavior of ot MoreIn emerging capital markets, the inability of investors to analyze financial information, scarcity of information, as well as the impact of macroeconomic and political factors on financial markets, causes the investor to focus on market excitement and the behavior of other investors. The emotional and herd behaviors of investors are the source of the emergence of various anomalies such as price bubbles and the formation of sharp fluctuations in the market. Managers also have behavioral biases such as overconfidence, myopia and narcissism, which leads to a favorable image of the business and delays in presenting bad news, resulting in stock price bubbles. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of biases of investors and managers' behavior on the stock price bubble. The research sample included 129 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 1392 to 398.To test the hypotheses, multivariate regression method with combined data was used.The results show that investors' behavioral distortions (emotional and herd behavior) increase the gap between the intrinsic stock price of the company and its value set by investors and lead to the formation of stock price bubbles. Managers' behavioral biases (overconfidence myopia and narcissism) also lead to the emergence of stock price bubbles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Investigating the effect of investor sentiment on the expected earnings growth rate
M. Baharmoghaddam Omid Pourhidari Hossein JokarSeveral studies have examined the investor sentiment in the behavioral finance. But, most prior studies solely document the phenomenon that investor sentiment could affect stock price combined with accounting information and indicate the heterogeneity of the sentiment e MoreSeveral studies have examined the investor sentiment in the behavioral finance. But, most prior studies solely document the phenomenon that investor sentiment could affect stock price combined with accounting information and indicate the heterogeneity of the sentiment effect. However, the existing literature rarely provides a theoretical basis for the mechanism behind the effect of sentiment and the accounting information. Therefore, this paper the through theoretical basis effect of investor sentiment on the expected earnings growth rate analyzes the mechanism behind the effects of investor sentiment and accounting information on stock price based on the residual income valuation model. In order to reach this goal, the study has been carried out on a sample of 560 companies, during the 2009-2016 reporting period based on the Multivariate regression. The results show that higher sentiment leads to more optimistic expectations regarding future earnings growth and these optimistic expectations leads that investor sentiment changed the expected earnings growth rate, thus affecting the accounting information and stock price. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Assessing the moderating role of corporate governance system on the relationship between investors' emotional tendencies and changes in stock returns of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Elham Farokhi Saeid JabbarzadehSome studies have shown that investors' emotions can influence their financial and investment decisions, as well as stock returns; On the other hand, stock risk can also affect this relationship; Therefore, the present study has examined the moderating role of corporate MoreSome studies have shown that investors' emotions can influence their financial and investment decisions, as well as stock returns; On the other hand, stock risk can also affect this relationship; Therefore, the present study has examined the moderating role of corporate governance system on the relationship between investors' emotional tendencies and changes in stock returns of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.In this study, the independent variable is investors 'feelings and the dependent variable is stock return fluctuations. To test the research hypotheses, the research model estimation method in the form of panel data and analysis based on the model of fixed effects and random effects by Eviews software based on composite data has been used. The sample includes 139 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 1394-1399, which have been selected by a systematic elimination method. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between investors' emotional tendencies and fluctuations in stock returns. Also showed that the variable of institutional shareholders can moderate the relationship between investors' emotional tendencies and fluctuations in returns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Analysis of the the Impact of Symmetric and Asymmetric Shocks of Oil Price on Investor Sentiment in IRAN: Markovs-Switching Approach
Maryam Yosofinezhad Hossein Sharifi-Renani Saeed Daei-KarimzadehAccording to the special role of oil in the international economy and also the effect fluctuations of this global variable on the performance of financial market and its role in financial dicisions always has been considered by investors.Therefore, the role of oil in th MoreAccording to the special role of oil in the international economy and also the effect fluctuations of this global variable on the performance of financial market and its role in financial dicisions always has been considered by investors.Therefore, the role of oil in the economy is not only for macroeconomic indicators, rather it has affected on the stock market indicators and variables. Also, according to the special role of oil in the economy of Iran and foreign exchange earnings, the stock market can be affected by fluctuations of oil price. Therefore, determining and recognizing the impact of stock price has played a significant role in forcasting and the overall market trend. And it should also be considered important in the level of investor sentiments and desire to invest. One of the components that always fluctuate the investor sentiments is oil price. In countries such as Iran , Which are heavily dependent on oil revenues the effects of oil price fluctuations are also more sever.Considering that the result of oil exports is the entry of currency in to the country and these currencies are used by the government to developthe country.So the exchange rate is one of therelated categories with investor sentiments.According to the description provided to achieve prosperity and stability development ,studing and recognizing the investor sentiments and the effective factors are special important.Accordingly , in present study using the monthly data for the years from 1391 to 1398 with the approach of markovs swiching identify the factors affecting the investment.Research results show that fluctuation in oil prices, exchange rate , money supply and consumer price index can be effective on the investor sentiment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - New approach for estimation of long memory parameters in financial time series
سید محمد سیدحسینی مسعود باباخانی سید محمد هاشمی نژاد سید بابک ابراهیمیWhen past observations have a high correlation with future and it cannot be ignored,studied time series has long memory. Examining of existing of long memory in timeseries has a lot of application in finance and lots of ways have been created to examine itbut they have MoreWhen past observations have a high correlation with future and it cannot be ignored,studied time series has long memory. Examining of existing of long memory in timeseries has a lot of application in finance and lots of ways have been created to examine itbut they have lots of mistakes. Bootstrap Approach has been used in this paper for give usa good proxy of sampling distribution in order to estimate of memory parameters. Thisapproach has less limitation than others and can deal with most of difficult problem. Inthis research we use the data of price index of Tehran Stock Exchange for duration ofDecember of 2006 till June of 2010 for estimating parameter of long memory, finally theresults show the estimation of parameter of long memory has improved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - A new time series robust forecasting approach with application in finance
حمید شهریاری نیما شریعتی امیر مسلمیTo obtain reliable model for auto correlated and time series data, robust approachshould be considered because outliers and contaminations can have bad effect onparameter estimation of these models. Since most finance data are auto correlated andthey are affected by the MoreTo obtain reliable model for auto correlated and time series data, robust approachshould be considered because outliers and contaminations can have bad effect onparameter estimation of these models. Since most finance data are auto correlated andthey are affected by the previous data, they can be modeled by time series regressionmodels. In this paper, the autoregressive (AR) model is investigated and novel robustprocedure based on filtered S-estimator is proposed to estimate the parameters of ARmodel. This model is used to obtain robust forecasting procedure. We present 148 datagathered from a firm which are related to profit as a numerical example and show theefficiency of the proposed estimation approach. The robust model can forecast moreaccurate than classical model in presence of outlier. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Evaluating The Simultaneous Role of Investor’s Sentiment and Brand Equity on Short-Term performance of the Initial public Offerings (Evidence from the Iran Capital Market)
Nooshin Kafshi Abdolmajid AbdolbaghiThe purpose of this study is to evaluaing the Simultaneous role of investor’s sentiment and brand equity on the performance of the initial public offerings in the capital market of Iran.The research sample including 87 the companies providing initial public offeri MoreThe purpose of this study is to evaluaing the Simultaneous role of investor’s sentiment and brand equity on the performance of the initial public offerings in the capital market of Iran.The research sample including 87 the companies providing initial public offerings in the exchange and over the counter markets of Iran selected in a perioud from 2008 to 2015. To measure investor’s sentiment we apply the Arms Index and the Hoolihan and the Tobin's Q indexes have been used to measure brand equity. The empirical Results show that based on Hoolihan's index, there is not any significant difference between initial public offerings short term returns and strong and weak brand. However, based on the of Tobin's Q, index in daily short run sections,i.e. first and second days, there are positive difference between strong and weak brands but in sections longer than six to twelve months, the difference between the return of strong and weak brands are negative. Indicating a correction in supply pricing by the market. Also supply in the sentiment conditions combined with optimism in short-run shows a better performance in comparing to those made in the pessimistic conditions of the market. Finally, the results show simultaneous effect of the brand equity and optimistic point of view on initial public offerings’ performance during one month to ten month sections after supplying Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The Relationship between Stock Mispricing and Corporate Investments with Emphasis on the Role of Financial Constraints and Time Horizon of Stockholders Investment
Younes Badavar Nahandi Elahe SarafrazThis research investigates the relationship between Stock Mispricing and Corporate Investments with Emphasis on the Role of Financial Constraints and Time Horizon of Stockholders Investment of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The goal of this present res MoreThis research investigates the relationship between Stock Mispricing and Corporate Investments with Emphasis on the Role of Financial Constraints and Time Horizon of Stockholders Investment of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The goal of this present research is application and the type of research methodology is causal. Statistic population is firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, and using systematic elimination sampling method, were selected as sample 128 firms, and time period has been during the years 2009 to 2014. The method used for information gathering is library research and this test hypotheses, we used of multivariate linear regression. The results of this research show that there is positive and significant relationship between Stock Mispricing and Corporate Investments. Financial Constraints and Time Horizon of Stockholders Investment has not effect on Stock Mispricing and Corporate Investments. There is not relationship between Overvalued Stock and Corporate Investments and there is not relationship between Undervalued Stock and Corporate Investments in this research Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Investor Sentiment Based on the Crude Oil Business Cycle
Samad Ayazi Mansour Garkaz Parviz Saeedi Alireza MatoofiThe study of business cycles is important because economic planning does not make sense without understanding how GDP fluctuates and the root of these fluctuations. Therefore, making attempts to recognize the structure of business cycles fluctuations created in the econ MoreThe study of business cycles is important because economic planning does not make sense without understanding how GDP fluctuates and the root of these fluctuations. Therefore, making attempts to recognize the structure of business cycles fluctuations created in the economy can help us improve the decision making process. The greater the economic fluctuations or business cycles, the more instability in the economy, and investors can't predict a clear image of the future. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of Iran crude oil business cycles on the 266 companies in Iran stock exchange during the period from 2005 to 2015. Thus, the crude oil business cycle was calculated using Hedrick Prescott filter and then the effects of crude oil business cycle was on the investors' sentiments was estimated using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach. The results of the study indicated that when the crude oil business cycle shows a boom, investors' sentiments is greater than the time when the crude oil business cycle shows a period of recession; meaning that the crude oil boom leads to an increase in investor sentiments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Investigating the existence of magnet effect caused by price limit volatility and the role of institutional investors on it
Mirfaze Fallah Shams S. M. MousavieyvanakiStock price limit range is one of the tools that used to control the market participants sentiments and major changes in stock prices. Apply the above procedure can also reduce the market sentiment and the loss of shareholders, also has consequences such as changing the MoreStock price limit range is one of the tools that used to control the market participants sentiments and major changes in stock prices. Apply the above procedure can also reduce the market sentiment and the loss of shareholders, also has consequences such as changing the behavior of stock market actors and magnet effect. In this research, we investigate the magnet effect in ten sample companies that mention in the research for the year ended 1395. The research data are intraday and include 5- minute time series of prices traded in the Tehran stock exchange. Also in this research, the role of institutional investors on the magnet effect has been measured. The results of the research indicate that the magnet effect in some companies have approved but only in one of the companies whose magnet effect has been confirmed the institutional investors transaction caused it, and in other companies there has been a magnet effect caused by the individual investor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - The relationship between risk Premium varies over time and spot prices: a case study Crude oil futures market
Muosa Khoshkalam Rouhollah MahdaviThe various studies results Illustrate about the presence of time-varying risk premium in oil futures market. This paper investigates existence of risk premium, varying of its in time and its effectiveness on oil spot price using data for period 1986-2016. The research MoreThe various studies results Illustrate about the presence of time-varying risk premium in oil futures market. This paper investigates existence of risk premium, varying of its in time and its effectiveness on oil spot price using data for period 1986-2016. The research method in present research is in term of purpose applied, in term of method descriptive-correlation and in term of data nature quantitative. For insight to goals, the paper use from GARCH method, Co-integration test and Vector Error Correction model (VECM). The results of estimations point to risk premium fixed in period 1986-2016, but risk premium is time varying in short period (2004-2016). Also, the results of Co-integration test and vector error correction model indicate to coefficient of risk premium be negative in the period 1986-2016, whereas this coefficient is positive in the period 2004-2016. The coefficients show to oil market estate in Contango position in the period 1986-2016 and normal backwardation in the period 2004-2016 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Review and Assessment of Capital Assets Pricing Models and Compare Them with the 5-Factor Model of Fama and French “Using Economic Variables Exchange; Rates, Inflation, Import and Liquidity”
Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar Hossein Badiee Maysam MohebiThe present research tries to assess and compare the Capital Asset Pricing Models in stock exchange of Tehran. Financial data of 108 companies in stock market (2009-2014) are processed. The important issue is to use suitable patterns and models for evaluating and price MoreThe present research tries to assess and compare the Capital Asset Pricing Models in stock exchange of Tehran. Financial data of 108 companies in stock market (2009-2014) are processed. The important issue is to use suitable patterns and models for evaluating and price setting in stock market. These models must have the ability to predict the behavior of the prices and also can estimate the outcome and efficiency of the so-called investment. The models investigated in this research, include the traditional investment financial pricing, 3-factor model and FAMA and French 5-factor and consumption investment models. In order to analyze the data and to test the hypothesis, we used OLS model for time series models. In this study, models are investigated according to the models of significance lateral distance from the source (Jensen's Alpha). A model, of which efficiency is high, should have a zero intercept. Generally, FAMA and French 5-factor models that were developed in 2014, work more efficiently. Then comes the Capital Asset Pricing Model Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Estimating the Time Value of Daily Occupational and Educational Trips to multiplicity from Their Nearby Regions
N. Rezaei O.K. SanginovThe goal of this study is to estimate the demand for daily trip to Tehran from the suburban areas. To determine the time value lost due to traffic congestion, following Gary Baker and considering the theory of time allocation, the value of daily trips has been estimated MoreThe goal of this study is to estimate the demand for daily trip to Tehran from the suburban areas. To determine the time value lost due to traffic congestion, following Gary Baker and considering the theory of time allocation, the value of daily trips has been estimated. To have a better understanding about the purpose and the consequences of these trips and based on the data provided by The Population and Housing Census 1385 (2006) demands for occupational and educational have been estimated. JEL Classification:C81 ,R21 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Mapping Leisure and Life through the Ages in Iran
Gholamreza Ghaffary -
Open Access Article
80 - The Synergy between Gender Socialization and Women Unpaid Care Work in Nigeria: Implication for the Sustainable Development Goals
Olukemi Grace Adebola -
Open Access Article
81 - The Effects of Constant Touch on Consumer Behavior: The Case of Iranian Mobile Phone Users
Ali A. Saeidi -
Open Access Article
82 - Reassessment of Underlying Factors of Juvenile Delinquency in the Purview of COVID-19: A Case Study
Amit Kumar Chakrabarty -
Open Access Article
83 - The Relationship between Perception of Time, Fear, Expected Anxiety and Hope in Pregnant Women and their Partners
Leila Mirzajani Tahmoures Aghajani Javid Peymani -
Open Access Article
84 - A survey on Pharmaceutical System of Shiraz Pharmacies from the Clients` View Points
peyvand Bastani hesam Dorosti mahdiye sadat Ahmad zadehIntroduction: Pharmacies are considered as the necessary centers for public and patients. In Iran, a great deal of health sector resources is consumed for procurement of medicines. This survey is conducted to investigate pharmaceutical system of Shiraz pharmacies from t MoreIntroduction: Pharmacies are considered as the necessary centers for public and patients. In Iran, a great deal of health sector resources is consumed for procurement of medicines. This survey is conducted to investigate pharmaceutical system of Shiraz pharmacies from the clients` view points. Methods: This was a cross sectional survey that was conducted in 2016. The study population includes those who refer to community pharmacies, governmental and special pharmacies. The study sample was considered 150 according toCochranformula. A researcher made form was applied for data collection which its reliability was estimated 0.88 applying Pearson Correlation and the validity was approved through experts` views. SPSS22 was used for data analysis was applying Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Fisher`s exact test. Results: According to Kruskal–Wallis a significant relationship was considered between patient satisfaction and pharmacy type(p=0.046), pharmacy type and waiting time(p<0.001) and type of illness and out of pocket(p<0.001) but there was no significant relationship between the rate of pharmaceutical consult and pharmacy type or the insurance type and out of pocket payment(p>0.05). Conclusion: It seems that considering the present results, the university superiors must try to decrease out of pocket payment on medicines through correct policy making. At the same time, accordance with general educations about drug use and social marketing for improving health literacy they should try to increase satisfaction toward the pharmacies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - The Role of Conflict between Work and Personal Life in People with a Shift in Working Circles (Case Study;the Hospitals of Khatam-al-Anbia Shahroud and Hazrat Fatemeh Miandoab)
mohsen mohammadian saravi shadan vahabzadehIntroduction: The work-family conflict, dubbed the "incompatibility between work and family roles", emanates from the pressures inherent in the incompatibility of family and professional roles. The present study aims to investigate the conflict between work and personal MoreIntroduction: The work-family conflict, dubbed the "incompatibility between work and family roles", emanates from the pressures inherent in the incompatibility of family and professional roles. The present study aims to investigate the conflict between work and personal life of people with working hours. Methods: Therefore, in view point of the nature is a descriptive-survey method, based on this, for measuring the concepts of research, the standard questionnaire of conflict between work and life has been used. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, which is 0.838 and is in the desired level. For data analysis, one-sample t-test was used in SPSS21 software. Results: the research indicate that there is a high degree of conflict between work and personal life The factor of the time conflict between work and personal life with the mean of15/93 is the highest conflict and the variable of conflict on the basis of stress or pressure with the average of 15/63 in the second and finally the factor of conflict on the basis of behavior with an average of 14/87 third place in the controversy of work and Life is dedicated to them Conclusion: It is suggested that time management and stress management courses be provided by the organization to the employees. Considering the material and spiritual rewards, paying attention to the health and support of employees can increase the amount of their commitment and job satisfaction Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - The Effect of the Health System Evolution Plan on the Time of Emergency Services Delivery using Interrupted Time Series Analysis (Case Study: Rasoul- e-Akram Hospital in Tehran)
Maedeh Allahverdi Aniseh Nikravan kamran HajinabiIntroduction: In recent years, the country's health system has faced numerous problems that have caused dissatisfaction among the people. The Ministry of Health launched the Health System Transformation Plan with the aim of protecting people from health costs, improving MoreIntroduction: In recent years, the country's health system has faced numerous problems that have caused dissatisfaction among the people. The Ministry of Health launched the Health System Transformation Plan with the aim of protecting people from health costs, improving quality, and increasing access to health care. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of health system transformation plan on the time of providing emergency services in Hazrat Rasoul Hospital. Methods: The statistical population of this study included all patients referred to the emergency department during the years 1391 to 1395. In order to investigate the effect of the design on the time of emergency treatment, interrupted time series analysis and Stata software have been used has been used. This method allows us to show the short and long-term plan for the duration of service. Results: The research of this study showed that the implementation of the transformation plan in the short-term does not have any impact on the waiting time but in the long-term significantly (P<0.01) has reduced the waiting time for the visit, the first treatment, preparation of the test result, receiving the test result by the doctor, receiving the final test result, receiving the ECG result, receiving the ECG result by the doctor and Receiving the final result of the ECG in Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital. Conclusion: Findings of this study can be useful in managing the waiting time of patients to receive services after the implementation of the health system transformation plan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Comparison of Models in Predicting Cumulative Cases of Hospitalization and Death of Covid-19 (Case Study: Bahabad city
mohammad hossein karimizarchi Davood ShisheboriIntroduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 is a respiratory disease caused by acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. Forecasting the number of new cases and deaths during todays can be a useful step in predicting the costs and facilities needed in the future. This study MoreIntroduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 is a respiratory disease caused by acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. Forecasting the number of new cases and deaths during todays can be a useful step in predicting the costs and facilities needed in the future. This study aims to modeling, comparing the performance of models, and predict new cases and deaths efficiently in the future. Methods: In this article nine popular forecasting techniques are tested on the data of Covid-19 in Bahabad city as a case study. Using the evaluation criteria of mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and the mean absolute percentage of error (MAPE) of the models are compared. Results: The results of the analysis showed that the best model according to the evaluation criteria for forecasting cumulative cases of hospitalization of Covid-19 is the cubic spline smoothing model, and cumulative cases of death, KNN regression model. Also, autoregressive neural network and theta models for hospitalization cases, and for death cases, autoregressive neural network model has the worst performance among other models. Conclusion: This study can provide a proper understanding of the spread of covid-19 disease in this region so that by taking precautionary measures and formulating appropriate policies, this epidemic can be effectively overcome. Also, unlike other studies, this study uses 9 different techniques and their comparison, which in turn increases the confidence factor in decision making. Also, an important point is that the data should be updated in real time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Financial Reporting Delay and Investors Behavior: Evidence From Tunisia
A. Mouna J. Anis -
Open Access Article
89 - Profitability of Momentum and Contrarian Strategies Based on Trading Volume in Tehran Stock Exchange: A Comparison of Emerging Market
Mahmood Yahyazadehfar Shahabeddin shams Saeideh Lorestani -
Open Access Article
90 - Applying Stackelberg Game to Find the Best Price and Delivery Time Policies in Competition between Two Supply Chains
M. Fathian M. Narenji E. Teymoori G. Jalali -
Open Access Article
91 - Media mix elements affecting service brand equity case study: bank sina
Razieh Abedini ali farhangiNowadays Brand equity is one of the key factors to create competitive advantage and success for banks. One of the major contributors towards building brand equity is advertising. Advertising influences brand equity in a number of ways. It thus become extremely important MoreNowadays Brand equity is one of the key factors to create competitive advantage and success for banks. One of the major contributors towards building brand equity is advertising. Advertising influences brand equity in a number of ways. It thus become extremely important for the practicing manager to know how advertising frequency across different media mix elements influences brand equity for different groups of consumers. The purpose of this research is to explore the effects of media mix elements on customer-based brand equity and its dimensions for two separate groups of consumers- first time customers as against repeat customers. Studying method was descriptive and correlation and also data gathering device was questionnaire which its reliability and validity after designing were assessed. Sina bank customers in Tehran city were studying statistical population. Sample quantity was 420 people. In order to select samples, cluster sampling was used. We used the structural equation model (SEM) and SPSS and Amos Graphics 19.0 softwares for our analysis. The Results indicate that advertising frequency in all selected media has been positive effect on brand equity in every two groups of consumers. In addition results show that television is the best medium to influence repeat time customers and event sponsorship is the best medium to influence first time customers. Our research is limited by several factors that can be addressed in future research. Although this study should serve as a guide to brand managers, on the media mix elements that should be focused on to strengthen the dimensions of brand equity while positioning the brand to specific consumer group. Keywords: Brand equity, brand loyalty, brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, media mix, first time customers, repeat time customers Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - The Survey of The relationship between Passengers purchase motivations and selecting types of buying at airport (Case Study: airport ahwaz)
naderh sadat najafizadeh maryam zahiriThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between purchasing incentives and choice of purchases at the airport in 2013, and has been studied as a case study of Ahwaz International Airport. The research method is applied and descriptive correlational. MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between purchasing incentives and choice of purchases at the airport in 2013, and has been studied as a case study of Ahwaz International Airport. The research method is applied and descriptive correlational. The statistical population of the study was travelers who used to travel to Ahwaz International Airport. 133 people were selected as the statistical sample. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The important findings of the research indicated that there is a significant relationship between the incentives to buy passengers and the choice of types of purchases at the airport; there is a meaningful relationship between instant purchases and the selection of purchases at the airport. The results of the research did not find a meaningful relationship between the time pressure and the choice of purchase at the airport. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - The mediating role of brand equity in the relationship between perceived value and customer life value in the banking industry
bahram seyedin hossein budaghi khaje nobar mojtaba ramezaniOne of the main directions of development of modern banking and profitability for banks to measure customer lifetime value is considered. Since these customers core services and the importance of customers in this industry as a finance major role in the development of n MoreOne of the main directions of development of modern banking and profitability for banks to measure customer lifetime value is considered. Since these customers core services and the importance of customers in this industry as a finance major role in the development of new services and profitable plays since the model lifetime value of the customer based brand equity and indicators of banking attention In this study, researchers have presented the brand equity model of Refah Bank with emphasis on the mediating role of brand equity between perceived value and customer lifetime value. In this regard, the statistical population is targeted at specific customers of Refah Bank and the sample size is 382 based on Cochran formula. Data were collected by questionnaire and descriptive statistics using SPSS software and testing of research hypotheses and model presented by structural equations using partial least squares method (pls software). Results from customer data show that the Z-Value of the Sobel test was 20/68, because of the greater than 1.96 at 95% confidence level, the mediating variable effect. Brand equity values were corroborated by the relationship between perceived value and customer lifetime value and the mediating role of brand equity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Comparative evaluation and comparison of the functions of different types of international maritime bill of lading
Saeid Hasani karen roohani Iraj RezaeinejadThe purpose of the present study is to make a comparative comparison between the functions of paper and electronic bill of lading and to evaluate their comparison. The research is of applied type and multi-criteria decision making method. In the first step, resources we MoreThe purpose of the present study is to make a comparative comparison between the functions of paper and electronic bill of lading and to evaluate their comparison. The research is of applied type and multi-criteria decision making method. In the first step, resources were searched and collected. Then, the data were categorized and coded. Then, data were compared, evaluated, analyzed and summarized. Hierarchical analysis (AHP) method was used to compare the options. Also; Delphi method (expert opinions) was used to weigh and compare the pairs of variables. For final analysis, Expert Choice software, version 2004 was used. The results showed that the indicators affecting the evaluation of paper and electronic bill of lading are classified into 9 different areas. These indicators include: transfer of contractual rights, transfer of possession, transfer of ownership, receipt of goods, contract of carriage, validity of signature, speed of delivery, registration of information and costs. On the other hand, a pairwise comparison of the indicators showed that the "transfer of ownership" index had the highest weight (0.64) and then the "contractual rights transfer" index with a weight (0.58). The lowest weight belonged to the index "Record various information" with (0.15). In terms of pairwise comparison of weighted indices of both types of bill of lading, the results showed that neither had absolute superiority over the other. Paper bill of lading received more points than electronic bill of lading in the transfer of contractual rights, transfer of ownership, transfer of possession, receipt of goods and contract of carriage. The electronic bill of lading had priority over the paper bill of lading in terms of signature validity, speed of operation, information registration and cost. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Media Mix Elements Affecting Service Brand Equity (Case Study: Sina Bank)
A. A. Farhangi R. AbediniNowadays Brand equity is one of the key factors to create competitive advantage and success for banks. One of the major contributors towards building brand equity is advertising. Advertising influences brand equity in a number of ways. It thus becomes extremely importan MoreNowadays Brand equity is one of the key factors to create competitive advantage and success for banks. One of the major contributors towards building brand equity is advertising. Advertising influences brand equity in a number of ways. It thus becomes extremely important for the practicing managers to know how advertising frequency across different media vehicles influences brand equity for different groups of consumers. The purpose of this research is to explore the effects of media mix elements on customer-based brand equity and its dimensions for two separate groups of first time and repeat customers. The studying method is descriptive and correlation and also data gathering device is the questionnaire which its reliability and validity after designing has been assessed. Sina bank customers in Tehran were studying statistical population. The sample was included 420 people. In order to select samples, cluster sampling was used to select the samples. We have used the structural equation model (SEM) and SPSS and Amos Graphics 19.0 softwares for our analysis. The results indicate that advertising frequency in all selected media has had positive effect on brand equity in every two groups of consumers. In addition, the results show that television is the best medium to influence the repeat time customers and event sponsorship is the best medium to influence the first time customers. Although our research is limited by several factors that can be addressed in future research, this study must be used as a guide by the brand managers who focus on the media mix elements to strengthen the dimensions of brand equity while positioning the brand to specific consumer groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Identifying the Factors that Influence Consumer Pricing Knowledge
H. R. Saeidnia S. AlinejadWhat consumers know or think they know about product price levels is an important research area from both a societal as well as a marketing perspective. This study investigates objective and subjective price knowledge and the effects of price consciousnes MoreWhat consumers know or think they know about product price levels is an important research area from both a societal as well as a marketing perspective. This study investigates objective and subjective price knowledge and the effects of price consciousness, price search behavior, purchase frequency, time availability, and perceived price dispersion on the two knowledge dimensions as well as the relationship between objective and subjective price knowledge. This paper uses a sample of 270 consumers of Shahrvand supermarkets in Tehran; data were collected from a questionnaire, and structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. Price search behavior and purchase frequency had positive effects on both subjective and objective price knowledge, but time availability had no significant effect on objective or subjective price knowledge mediated by effects on price search. Furthermore, perceived price dispersion had a negative effect on objective price knowledge. Price consciousness had a positive effect on both subjective and objective price knowledge mediated by effects on price search and purchase frequency, but price consciousness had no significant direct effect on subjective price knowledge. Finally, objective price knowledge had a positive direct effect on subjective price knowledge. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Jurisprudential and legal review of public damages
مطلبی گلعذانی Motalebi GalgezaniIn cases where in a complex with multiple stakeholders, heavy damage occurs in the occurrence of honor and by causing less damage, heavy damage can be prevented, the compensation of this damage is less on all stakeholders, which is called joint damage. In this research, MoreIn cases where in a complex with multiple stakeholders, heavy damage occurs in the occurrence of honor and by causing less damage, heavy damage can be prevented, the compensation of this damage is less on all stakeholders, which is called joint damage. In this research, the jurisprudential and legal nature of this type of lawsuit has been studied. This study was conducted to investigate the jurisprudential and legal nature of preventive claims. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method with the tool of collecting filing materials. In our country, this type of damage is mentioned only in maritime law and is not explicitly mentioned in other similar matters. In Western countries, especially in the French legal system, the principle of joint damages is recognized. Jurisprudential principles based on the rule of no harm and repulsion of corruption, have accepted this rule and all stakeholders share in the compensation according to the extent of their interests. In the current silence of the law, there is a need to recognize this type of damage in all civil matters under Article 167 of the Constitution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Hording with Capproaching Imam Khomeini`s Viewpoints
Afsaneh Mahdian Karani Sayed Mohammad Moosavi BojnourdiHording is the imprisonment and keep the essential goods hoping to the higher price rates. Thereby- hording would lad to provide rights deterioration and injustice in the community therefore Islamic governor is obliged to prevent the abuses and oppress member of society MoreHording is the imprisonment and keep the essential goods hoping to the higher price rates. Thereby- hording would lad to provide rights deterioration and injustice in the community therefore Islamic governor is obliged to prevent the abuses and oppress member of society to each other Because all society members have legal rights should be considered. To obtain rights of some individual, the rights of others must never be invaded. According to the Imam Khomeinis point of view private ownership is respected but once it is in contrary. To the individual and society rights, based on lazarar principle which is in opposite to the taslite principle; any ownership deteriorates others ownership is not respected not recognized. So Islamic governor exert Jurisprudential and legal like obligation to sale the hoarded goods pricing the goods and finally punishing the hoarders in order to prevent hording. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Investigating the Relation between Corporation Social Responsibility and Cost Stickiness
Naser Izadinia Majid Hashemi DehchiRecent researches about cost behavior shows that costs are not changed regarding the fluctuation in sales. In other words, costs are increasing during the sale increase. However, when the sale decreases, the costs reduction will not be as much as sale’s decline. T MoreRecent researches about cost behavior shows that costs are not changed regarding the fluctuation in sales. In other words, costs are increasing during the sale increase. However, when the sale decreases, the costs reduction will not be as much as sale’s decline. This cost asymmetric timeliness is called costs stickiness. Several aspects such as corporation social responsibility (CSR) influence the cost stickiness.in oreder to measure corporation social responsibility as the independent variable of the study are used KLD. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of CSR on cost stickiness. To test the hypothesis, we study 115 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange in the period of 2009 to 2014. For data analysis and hypothesis testing, multivariate regression model and the compound data method are utilized. theresults show that the relation between CSR and cost stickinessis positive and significant.In other words,the cost stickiness will be intensified due to the CSR. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Designing Time Driven Activity Based Costing System via Fuzzy Logic Approach (Case Study of Yas E Fars Glaze Company)
Mohammad Namazi Mandana ZareThis research is aimed to apply three different approaches toward costing (namely traditional, TDABC, and Fuzzy TDABC) to calculate actual costs in “Lo’ab Yas Fars Co.”. Three main hypotheses were stated for this research, that each one is involved com MoreThis research is aimed to apply three different approaches toward costing (namely traditional, TDABC, and Fuzzy TDABC) to calculate actual costs in “Lo’ab Yas Fars Co.”. Three main hypotheses were stated for this research, that each one is involved comparing methods for calculating actual cost two by two. Required data for assess in comparing these hypotheses are gathered through library and field research. These data were related to Year 1391, (Persian calendar) and inserted in all three models. To confirm or reject each hypothesis, both parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were used. The results confirmed the hypotheses 1 (claiming that there are significant differences between results of the traditional and TDABC systems) and 3 (claiming there are significant differences between the results of TDABC and fuzzy TDABC); however, a significant difference was not found between the traditional and fuzzy TDABC systems (hypothesis no. 2). Generally, it can be concluded that TDABC system supported by equations and temporal stimulants is able to calculate the actual cost with more precision and accuracy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - The Relationship between the quality of internal and external corporate governance and the Risk Sentiment of annual reports using static and dynamic models
akram taftiyan ali jalaliInvestor sentiment relates to investors' subjective beliefs about cash flows and investment risks. This type of sentiment has a consistent effect on stock prices. Ownership and governance factors may play a critical role in corporate risk reporting because managers for MoreInvestor sentiment relates to investors' subjective beliefs about cash flows and investment risks. This type of sentiment has a consistent effect on stock prices. Ownership and governance factors may play a critical role in corporate risk reporting because managers for shareholders prepare annual reports. The main purpose of the current research is the relationship between the quality of internal and external corporate governance and the risk Sentiment of annual reports. For this purpose, 130 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2008 and 2022 were selected by the systematic elimination method, and in order to increase the degree of confidence in the results of the hypothesis test, the regression method of static and dynamic panel data was used. To measure the sense of risk, the vocabulary frequency method has been used. According to the research findings, in both static and dynamic states, weak corporate governance has a positive relationship with risk Sentiment and strong corporate governance has a negative relationship with risk Sentiment. In addition, the Hirschman index variable has no relationship with risk perception. The existence of internal and external corporate governance reduces inefficient investments and makes managers make optimal and efficient investment decisions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Application of the Light TDABC model to select the most profitable products (Case study: Hamvatan dairy products company)
Mehran Javadpour Mohsen HamidianThe revolution that generated the first and second generations of activity-based costing models, ABC and TDABC, in calculating the cost of finished goods, has made it a great help for decision makers. The traditional cost models, because of the lack of attention to the MoreThe revolution that generated the first and second generations of activity-based costing models, ABC and TDABC, in calculating the cost of finished goods, has made it a great help for decision makers. The traditional cost models, because of the lack of attention to the causal relationship between indirect costs and its causative factor, cause a lake of proper allocation of these costs to products, based on the activity-based costing models, by causally causing the causal relationship between the costs and the factors causing it, They are an effective step in calculating the cost, but the lack of attention to the revenue of products in these models destroys the power of managers to classification of the most profitable products. The third-generation of activity based costing, Light TDABC, eliminates the problem. In order to carry out research, Hamvatan dairy products company was selected in 1395. By calculating the cost and operating profit using traditional models and TDABC, and then calculating the ratio of operating profit to sales and comparing the results obtained through the statistical model of the t-test, the two dependent societies concluded that between the teraditional and Light TDABC models, There is a significant difference in operating profit to sales. Subsequently, by classifying the products, we identified the most profitable products in accordance with the parrot principle.The revolution that generated the first and second generations of activity-based costing models, ABC and TDABC, in calculating the cost of finished goods, has made it a great help for decision makers. The traditional cost models, because of the lack of attention to the causal relationship between indirect costs and its causative factor, cause a lake of proper allocation of these costs to products, based on the activity-based costing models, by causally causing the causal relationship between the costs and the factors causing it, They are an effective step in calculating the cost, but the lack of attention to the revenue of products in these models destroys the power of managers to classification of the most profitable products. The third-generation of activity based costing, Light TDABC, eliminates the problem. In order to carry out research, Hamvatan dairy products company was selected in 1395. By calculating the cost and operating profit using traditional models and TDABC, and then calculating the ratio of operating profit to sales and comparing the results obtained through the statistical model of the t-test, the two dependent societies concluded that between the teraditional and Light TDABC models, There is a significant difference in operating profit to sales. Subsequently, by classifying the products, we identified the most profitable products in accordance with the parrot principle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - The Effect of Costs Stickiness on Conditional Conservatism and Information Asymmetry
S. Abbas Hashemi Hadi Amiri Ali NejatiConditional conservatism appears in prompt recognition of loss toward earnings that is so called asymmetric timeliness of earnings. The asymmetric timeliness of earnings could arise from other phenomenon which is called costs stickiness. Costs stickiness means that cost MoreConditional conservatism appears in prompt recognition of loss toward earnings that is so called asymmetric timeliness of earnings. The asymmetric timeliness of earnings could arise from other phenomenon which is called costs stickiness. Costs stickiness means that costs are increasing during the sales increase, but when the sales decrease, the costs reduction will not be as much as prior increase. However, information asymmetry leads to apply more conservatism in financial reporting, that this relationship is also influenced by the cost stickiness. This research aims to identify the effect of costs stickiness on conditional conservatism and Asymmetry Information. In order to attain the research purpose, 115 companies among the listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1382 to 1391 (2003-2012) were selected as statistical samples For data analysis and hypothesis testing, multivariable regression and compound data have been used. Findings of research signify that after controlling for the effect of costs stickiness, conditional conservatism will decrease, which means that a part of asymmetric timeliness of earnings model is due to costs stickiness. Results also indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between the information asymmetry and costs stickiness, which decreases the effect of information asymmetry on conditional conservatism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - The influence of Financial Variables’ Time Lags in Predicting Operating Profit and Operating Cash Flows
احمد خدامی پور رضا پوراحمد علی ترک زاده ماهانیThe goal of this study is to appraise the ability of two variables, operating cash flows andaccruals in predicting operating cash flows and Operating Profit with time lags. The studyperiod is from 2005 to 2010.The regression results for hypothesizes show that there is a MoreThe goal of this study is to appraise the ability of two variables, operating cash flows andaccruals in predicting operating cash flows and Operating Profit with time lags. The studyperiod is from 2005 to 2010.The regression results for hypothesizes show that there is a significant relationshipbetween future operating cash flows and cash component of Operating Profit, and current yearshows the highest relationship in relation to all the lags. Also, the results reveal that, there is asignificant relationship between future operating cash flows and accrual component ofOperating Profit, and two years lags show the highest relationship in relation to other lags andcurrent year. Furthermore, The results indicate that there is a significant relationship betweenfuture Operating Profit and, cash and accrual components, and four years lags show thehighest relationship in relation to other time lags and current year. So, recording to thisresearch, the best predicting of Operating Profit and Operating Cash Flows will be receivedon these time lags. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - A mathematical model for controlling the budget and variable cost of project activities in the status of time-cost tradeoff with consideration of delay penalty
Mohammad Zadehkafash Ahmad EbrahimiIn this paper, an integer linear programming model is proposed to examine the effect of the project's uncertain budget on its performance. Although much research has been done in the past to optimize the time-cost trade off problem (TCT), in this paper, the project acco MoreIn this paper, an integer linear programming model is proposed to examine the effect of the project's uncertain budget on its performance. Although much research has been done in the past to optimize the time-cost trade off problem (TCT), in this paper, the project accounting approach has been used in the uncertain terms of receiving the allocated budget, the uncertainty associated with the cost of project activities and its duration. From the innovations of this research, the combination of generalized prerequisite relationships (GPRs) with the various modes of implementation of the activities and scenarios is continuous, discrete and combined (continuous / discrete). Chance constraint programming (CCP) has been used to terminate the variable budget. Stochastic budget limitations are at a predetermined level of confidence. Program evaluation review technique (PERT) has been used to estimate uncertain times, and to calculate the uncertain costs of the operating modes of activities; the triangulation method has been used. The mathematical model, which is to minimize the total time of the project, was solved by software (GAMS), taking into account the early remuneration at the completion of the project and the late delinquency, and was implemented on a real numeric sample to prove the function and validation of the model. Different scenarios have been proposed that the effect of each of them on budget changes and uncertainty over time on direct, indirect, total and project costs are reviewed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - An Investigation of effective factors on ranking of firm disclosure quality and timeliness Tehran stock exchange
دکتر بهمن بنی مهد محسن محسنی شریفIn this paper, we have examined the determinants of ranking firms in TehranStock Exchange on the bases of timeliness and disclosure quality. Study sample are311 firms. We have found there is no relation between return on asset , auditor type,financial leverage and firm MoreIn this paper, we have examined the determinants of ranking firms in TehranStock Exchange on the bases of timeliness and disclosure quality. Study sample are311 firms. We have found there is no relation between return on asset , auditor type,financial leverage and firm type with financial statements timeliness . But, there is apositive relation between firm size and industry with financial statements timelinessin study sample. We have also found a negative association between auditor reporttype and governmental ownership with the timeliness of financial statements.The results of this study show that in emerging markets such as Tehran capitalmarket, financial statements timeliness is more depend on audit report type. That is,when the audit report is unqualified , financial statements timeliness would decrease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - The Implementation of the Time-Driven Activity Based Costing Model In the Manufacturing Companies
سیداحمد خلیفه سلطانی مقصود میرزایی کلانیThis research studies and compares the results of implementation of traditionalabsorption costing model and time-driven activity based costing model(TDABC) inorder to calculating the cost of products and services in the Pasargad Polymercompany. The fundamental hypothesi MoreThis research studies and compares the results of implementation of traditionalabsorption costing model and time-driven activity based costing model(TDABC) inorder to calculating the cost of products and services in the Pasargad Polymercompany. The fundamental hypothesis of this paper states that the implementation ofTDABC model presents more relevant results than traditional absorbtion costing inthe above mentioned company. The data has been collected by library and fieldresearch methods. Then the collected data were placed in the two models and theresults of data processing were analyzed. The results show that the traditionalabsorption costing model over allocates overhead costs to the higher volume productsand services and overstates the cost of these products and services accordingly. Butthe TDABC model, the simplified one of traditional activity cased costing model,modifies the over and under overhead allocation by utilizing the time equations anddrivers and reports the cost of products and services properly.. The TDABC alsomeasures the idle capacity and its cost and can help the managers in evaluating theperformance of company's departments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Application of Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm for Predicting three Important Parameters in Bakery Industries
H. Abbasi Z. Emam-Djomeh S. M. Seyedin -
Open Access Article
109 - Effect of different seeding methods and time on survival and growth of Iranian oak seedlings in Eivan nursery condition-Ilam
Abdi Fatemeh Asadollah Mataji Somayeh EsmaeiliThe Persian oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) is one of the most ecologically, economically, socially and protectively valuable species whose serious exploitation is seriously threatened, and afforestation and reforestation of these forests is essential. In this regard, more MoreThe Persian oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) is one of the most ecologically, economically, socially and protectively valuable species whose serious exploitation is seriously threatened, and afforestation and reforestation of these forests is essential. In this regard, more knowledge about seed planting methods and creating optimal conditions for the production of healthy seedlings is necessary. The present study was a factorial experiment with two factors: seed planting time at two levels (December and March) and seed planting method at three levels (direct sowing, soaking seeds in water for 48 hours and sowing seeds in water for 72 hours), in Completely randomized design with 4 replications and 10 pots per replication was done in Ivan nursery located in Ilam province. The results of analysis of variance showed that for the main effect of planting time, survival traits, survival percentage, seedling vigor, stem length and stem dry weight were significant at 1% level and for collar diameter traits, root length was significant at 5% level. Also, for planting method, all traits except collar diameter and root length had a significant difference at the level of 1%. The results of mean comparisons with Duncan test showed that the seeds sown in December were better than the seeds sown in March for all germination and vegetative traits of seedlings. The results of mean comparisons showed that among the different methods, seeds that were soaked in water for 48 hours before sowing were better than other seeds in terms of germination and vegetative traits. In general, the results of this study showed that December is the best time of seed planting and soak the seeds for 48 hours before sowing can be the best planting method for Iranian oak seeds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - The Relationship between Work-Family Conflict and Value System of Employees of Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch
abbas ghadamini Nazanin Sadeqzadeh Reza Ebrahimzadeh Dastjerdi Hossein Jafari ChaleshotariIntroduction and purpose of the Research: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between work-family conflict and value system of employees of Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch. Methods: The research method was applied in terms of purpos MoreIntroduction and purpose of the Research: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between work-family conflict and value system of employees of Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch. Methods: The research method was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of collecting data, a descriptive correlational type. The statistical population of this study was all employees and managers of Shahrekord's Islamic Azad University, 300 people.Using Cochran's sampling formula, 168 individuals were selected through simple random sampling method. The instrument of the questionnaire was the standard questionnaire of the Carlson Work-Family Conflict (2002) and Schwartz Value System Standard Questionnaire (1992). Validity of questionnaires was based on content validity using expert opinion, formal validity based on the viewpoint of a number of statistical society and construct validity by factor analysis method .The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed and Cronbach's alpha were used. The values of the standardized the Carlson Work - Family Conflict (2002) 0.862 and Schwartz Value System Standard Questionnaire (1992) 0.787 and the analysis of the data was done at two descriptive levels and inferential statistics including Pearson correlation coefficient and regression with moderating effect. Findings: The findings of the research showed that there is a meaningful negative relationship between work-family conflict with the value system (p <0.05). Conclusions: The results also showed that there is a significant negative relationship between time-based conflict, pressure-based conflict and behavior - based conflict with value system components (p <0.05) as well as regression results showed that work-family conflict can predict the value system of employees. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Investigating the Cultural Factors of Management in the Quran with Time Attitude Approach
Azam Tahari Alenjareghi Afshar BazyarIntroduction & Purpose: The present article in the field of Islamic cultural studies, ethics and management states that the Quran as a comprehensive scripture is an endless resource that can enhance human management capacity in a special way. Methodology: In this ar MoreIntroduction & Purpose: The present article in the field of Islamic cultural studies, ethics and management states that the Quran as a comprehensive scripture is an endless resource that can enhance human management capacity in a special way. Methodology: In this article, using the verses of the Holy Quran, time and its importance, how to use the time in the Holy Quran, how to use the past to correct future plans and to resolve problems and enhance capabilities. Findings: Timing is one of the most important cultural components of management, and of course, essential organizational needs. Because it can help a person manage his or her affairs scientifically and practically. So everybody has to increase his abilities in this field. The unique source of the Qur'an, which is the reciting word of the deliberate being, can be a unique source for this research. Conclusion: Understanding the cultural factors of time management is essential for individuals who determine the organization's strategies in order to have a realistic plan for themselves and their organization. This, of course, is achieved when one has the knowledge of the Qur' علاوهnic, in addition to being skilled in the field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Provide a leisure pattern for young study of the case study (organizational settlements of the Ministry of Defense)
naser davodi REZA ابراهیم پور عباسعلی ghleisure time has always been considered as one of the most important challenges in social and cultural fields . especially the sensitivity of this issue in relation to youth shows itself . the main objective of this research is to present a comprehensive model of leisur Moreleisure time has always been considered as one of the most important challenges in social and cultural fields . especially the sensitivity of this issue in relation to youth shows itself . the main objective of this research is to present a comprehensive model of leisure time of youth in defence ministry . this research can be considered as a descriptive and applied research group . for this purpose , the population of this research is experts active in the area of leisure time in which the number of them in this research is determined according to the census method . in determining the indexes and indexes , the fuzzy delphi method was used to identify the components . ~~~ finally , the experts ' opinions were identified based on expert 's opinions and finally was classified as the main index . finally , the leisure time model was presented in the form of main and sub - components . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - میزان تاثیر تماشای شبکههای تلویزیونی ماهوارهای فارسی زبان بر سبک زندگی دانشجویان دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
Paria Shahabeddin Bahareh NasiriMedia play a role of impulsive engine in creating and developing different lifestyle. Media,specially, satellite networks are the source of lifestyle formation of a lot of people in asociety. This research aimed to study the impact of watching Persian satellite televisi MoreMedia play a role of impulsive engine in creating and developing different lifestyle. Media,specially, satellite networks are the source of lifestyle formation of a lot of people in asociety. This research aimed to study the impact of watching Persian satellite televisionnetworks on lifestyle of students of school of management and economics of science andresearch branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran. This research has a functional aspect andthe data are quantitative and the research methodology has been cross-sectional survey.The statistical population of this research was all of the students of school of managementand economics of science and research branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran. Theresearch sampling was stratified random sampling and the sample size by using Cochranformula was determined 345 students. For collecting data questionnaire was used and SPSSsoftware was used for analyzing the data. The analysis of data has been done at two levels ofdescriptive and inferential level. In the inferential level the Kolmogorov Smirnov test andPearson correlation coefficient test were used to investigate the research hypotheses.According to whatever were found in this research all of the hypotheses of this researchwere confirmed and as a result it can be concluded that watching Persian satellite networkshas direct impact on the lifestyle of the students. According to the major theory of this studythe more watching the satellite networks the more impressing the students by the lifestylesthat advertised in these satellite networks. The increasing of watching satellite networks hasbeen caused to increase the body management and as a result spending of leisure timeamong the students has changed, but the amount of cultural product consumptiondecreases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Structural Characteristics and Reactivity Relationship of some Thiophene Derivatives
Moriam Adeoye -
Open Access Article
115 - Quantitative structure—retention relationship analysis of nanoparticle compounds
H. Noorizadeh A. Farmany -
Open Access Article
116 - Numerical solution for one-dimensional independent of time Schrödinger Equation
Z. Yousefian N. Shadmani -
Open Access Article
117 - Investigation of analytical and numerical solutions for one-dimensional independent-oftime Schrödinger Equation
Z. Yousefian Molla Gh. Islampour -
Open Access Article
118 - Survey of Inter generational relationships and leisure model in Province’s with different level of development
Forouzandeh Jafarzadeh PourOne of the important subjects in study of social changes in developing countries is the condition of intergenerational relationships. That is why Identify tools and fields which enforce such process can be provide better relationships between generation in a given socie MoreOne of the important subjects in study of social changes in developing countries is the condition of intergenerational relationships. That is why Identify tools and fields which enforce such process can be provide better relationships between generation in a given society and result the continuation and preservation of culture and civilization. Changes in the pattern of leisure spending as a criterion of lifestyle are one of these platforms. It has the relationships with changes in intergenerational relationships. Due to informal and selective nature of leisure time, transformation of values takes place informally. It seems that development as an indicator of progress of a given society has the relation with the type of intergenerational relationships as well as leisure pattern. The main objective of this article is to find out the relationship between level of development of province and leisure time pattern and intergenerational relationships. Manheim and Inglehart theories on value changes were applied. Survey method with 1200 sample from three groups of developed (Tehran, Isfahan), developing (Kerman, Zangan) and deprived (Sistan and Baluchestan, Kohkiloyeh and Boyerahmad) provinces were randomly interviewed. Results shows collective active leisure pattern spending with family were the main and first pattern of collective leisure among respondents. With increase in province level of development, collective active leisure pattern with family reduced and new leisure pattern i.e. virtual vacation increased. Intergenerational relationships have the relation with level of development and in deprived provinces such relation are stronger Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Leisure Time in the Passage of Generations (Case of Study: High School Girls of Garmsar City and Their Mothers)
Hassan Saraie Parvin Savadian -
Open Access Article
120 - The effects of women `s employment on family (A research about married and employed women in ministry of labor and social affairs)
Bagher Saroukhani Soraya Goudarzi -
Open Access Article
121 - A survey on changing of life style in Iranian rural society
Mostafa Azkia Sakineh Hosseini Rudbaraki -
Open Access Article
122 - The Evaluation of Modern Visual Media’s Role and Effect on Life Style (Case of Study: Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch Students)
Soroush Fathi Mehdi Mokhtarpour -
Open Access Article
123 - The Relationship between Entrepreneurship and Time Management of Islamic Azad University Students (Branches of the 12th Educational District)
Mohammad Javad Ghaed Mohammadi Fattah Nazem -
Open Access Article
124 - The Evaluation of Sociological Effect of Subsidies’ Variables and Cultural Capital on the Life style of Householder Teachers in Amol City in 2015
Esmail Esmaily Alireza Kaldi Mansour Vosoughi -
Open Access Article
125 - Heidegger’s Conception of Time in Contrast to Hegel’s
Mohammad Zare Shirin KandiThis article compares the meaning of time in the philosophies of Hegeland Heidegger. After a review of Hegel’s view on time, Heidegger’scritique of Hegel’s opinion on this notion will be offered. ThenHeidegger’s own idea on time, which is in cont MoreThis article compares the meaning of time in the philosophies of Hegeland Heidegger. After a review of Hegel’s view on time, Heidegger’scritique of Hegel’s opinion on this notion will be offered. ThenHeidegger’s own idea on time, which is in contrast to Hegel’s, will beintroduced. From the viewpoint of Heidegger, Hegel’s understanding oftime is at the side of the mainstream western metaphysics. Heideggerbelieves that his own understanding of time goes beyond the ordinaryconception of the concept in western philosophy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Two Rival Approaches to Problem of Irreversibility
سید رضا ملیح زهرا شجاعیWith the discovery of second law of thermodynamics and the attemptto supervene it on the classical dynamics, the paradox of irreversibilityshowed up for the first time, as the laws of classical dynamics, incontrast to the second law of thermodynamics, were reversible an MoreWith the discovery of second law of thermodynamics and the attemptto supervene it on the classical dynamics, the paradox of irreversibilityshowed up for the first time, as the laws of classical dynamics, incontrast to the second law of thermodynamics, were reversible andsymmetric with respect to time. In this paper, after reviewing theproblem of irreversibility, we pin down two rival approaches to theproblem. The first approach whose pioneer is Ilya Prigogine claims thatirreversibility arises out of dynamical instabilities defined as “disorder”at microscopic level. However, according to the rival theory, which isadvocated by Price and Bricmont, irreversibility at macroscopic levelarises out of specific initial conditions of the world. This is notcontrasted with the notion of irreversibility at microscopic level.Although the two rival theories are completely different with respect totheir theoretical foundations, I will show that one can trace a consensusin a view that reversibility is “practically in principle” impossible. Thisis the term I have coined for the commonality between the two opposedtheories Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Husserl on Consciousness of Internal Time
فاطمه راثیThe phenomenology of time attempts to investigate how is constitutedthe internal time consciousness. In fact phenomenology of timeconsciousnessconcerns itself with the structure of the act of perceivingthat allows us to apprehend a temporal object as unified across itsm MoreThe phenomenology of time attempts to investigate how is constitutedthe internal time consciousness. In fact phenomenology of timeconsciousnessconcerns itself with the structure of the act of perceivingthat allows us to apprehend a temporal object as unified across itsmanifold moments. In this approach time is no longer the measure ofmotion, the psychological characters of soul and even thetranscendental presuppositions of cognition. Husserl distinguishes threelevels of time for our consideration: (1) world[ly] or objective time; (2)personalistic or subjective time; and (3) the consciousness of internaltime. According to Husserl our experience of temporal objects consistsof three aspects: 1. protention, 2. retention and 3. primal impression.Protention is a process by which anticipations are formed concerningwhat will shortly be experienced (in primal impression). 2- Retention isa process by which something that is experienced-as-present remains inconsciousness and sinks back. 3- Primal impression which is thecomponent of consciousness that is narrowly directed toward the nowphase of the object. The primal impression cannot be thoughtindependently of its temporal horizon. Thus all experience entails atemporal horizon. This article attempt to explain Husserl's account oftime-consciousness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - The Ending of Divine Retribution in Ibn al-Arabi's Mystical Eschatology
H. SiahkuhianThe Constancy of Divine Retribution is an important subject inIslamic eschatology. This subject which is related to "the committer ofcardinal sins" has a special place in theological discussions. Ibn-al-Arabi among Islamic thinkers is the only one who belives in DivineR MoreThe Constancy of Divine Retribution is an important subject inIslamic eschatology. This subject which is related to "the committer ofcardinal sins" has a special place in theological discussions. Ibn-al-Arabi among Islamic thinkers is the only one who belives in DivineRetribution no to be perpetual. He holds that Hell is a changeablephenomenon and anunstable affair. According to Ibn-al-Arabi viewpoint, the Divine Retribution finally will be transformed in to DivineGrace and eventually eternal peace(1) In Mechanics, Nature is regarded in the abstract, in the simplest andvaguest form of its idea -- that of externality. (2) Physics: In all thethree portions of mechanical Nature it is quantity and quantity only thatis exhibited. The matter which physics verifies is qualitative orindividual. (3) Organics, where Nature first acquires the character ofsubject, with the power which a subject has of gathering up all its partsor differences under its own control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - An Inquiry into the Possibility of so Translating Heidegger’s Sein und Zeit into Persian that such a Book Deserves
پرویز ضیاء شهابیAccording to Heidegger any translation is a translation. Translating hismasterpiece Sein und Zeit (Being and Time) is so difficult that somescholars have taken it impossible.Recently, two Persian translations of Sein und Zeit have beenappeared. One of them is Mahmood Na MoreAccording to Heidegger any translation is a translation. Translating hismasterpiece Sein und Zeit (Being and Time) is so difficult that somescholars have taken it impossible.Recently, two Persian translations of Sein und Zeit have beenappeared. One of them is Mahmood Navāli’s translation , named aswudjood u zamān. The other is Siyāvash Jamādi’s translation , named ashasti u zamān.In this article, the author has attempted to show that none of these twotranslanlations can supply the expectations of a reader who comparesthe translation with the original text, indicating that the occurrence oftranslating the book into Persian seems impossible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Temporal-Spatial Analysis of Rainfall Days Frequency Trend of Western Iran Regions
شهاب شفیعی غلامعلی مظفریPrecipitation including climatic elements in the dimension of time and space changes a lot. In the study of extreme precipitation because of the devastating effect it is of great importance. The aim of this study is to identify and analyze theslope of the western region MorePrecipitation including climatic elements in the dimension of time and space changes a lot. In the study of extreme precipitation because of the devastating effect it is of great importance. The aim of this study is to identify and analyze theslope of the western regions of extreme precipitation, which is to achieve this goalprecipitation data of 69 synoptic stations and climate (province of Kerman, Kermanshah, Hamedan, Ilam, Lorestan and Kurdistan), in during the statistical period (2010-1961) were used and the annual threshold of extreme precipitation West generalized method of distributing a limit to the western regions of the country to 22 mm respectively. The extreme precipitation for each month during the period under study western regions using Mann-Kendall method identified and analyzed. and in December this increase was observed in the western half of Kermanshah province and in February this positive trend observed in the northwestern province of Kurdistan conceptual framework, these areas are consistent with the Zagros mountains. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Prediction of Citizens' Participation in Crisis Management Based on Time Allocation Theory (Case Study of Mashhad City)
Rostam SaberifarThis research was conducted by descriptive and analytical methods in the form of classical time allocation theory. The required data were obtained from the emergency response plan of Mashhad Municipality neighborhoods. These data were analyzed using two parameters, para MoreThis research was conducted by descriptive and analytical methods in the form of classical time allocation theory. The required data were obtained from the emergency response plan of Mashhad Municipality neighborhoods. These data were analyzed using two parameters, parametric and non-parametric local logit. The results showed that age and literacy have a positive effect on the likelihood of participation. Also, non-working income and spouse income have a positive effect on the presence of participation. Men's housing status has a positive and significant effect on participation in the project. But the effect of this variable is not significant for women. The number of female children has a positive and significant effect on the presence of women in participation. But it does not make sense in men's decisions. Also, all children have a positive effect on women's participation, but this variable does not have a significant effect on men's participation decision. The results of non-parametric method such as parametric method showed that the variables of age, level of education and number of children increase the likelihood of women and men participating in participatory activities in the field of crisis management. According to these findings, in order to encourage households to participate in the project, these background features should be considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Estimating Flood potential of Zilaki and Firehrud drainage basins by emphasize on Geomorphologic characters by using SCS method
Mohammad reza Sarvati Ardavan BehzadFlood is amongphenomenon which bring about considerable damage each year.This has been attractedgreatly by hydrologists. The factors such as physiography,geomorphology and human factors can accelerate this phenomenon in basins. Forusing water source, flood management, d MoreFlood is amongphenomenon which bring about considerable damage each year.This has been attractedgreatly by hydrologists. The factors such as physiography,geomorphology and human factors can accelerate this phenomenon in basins. Forusing water source, flood management, damming, watershed management and themost basic hydrologic studies, peak discharge is important, so accuracy of studies andthe safeties’ level of the hydraulic structures and establishments are independent to it.In this research potential flood Zilaki and Firehrud drainage basins were studied byusing of SCS method and finally were compared together. So BasinHydrographdimensions calculated by using of 24 hour rainfall, time of concentration, CurveNumber, rainfall excess, time to peak and peak discharge.Then was designHydrograph for basins in 2,5,10,25,50,100 period time Results show, because ofphysiography of Firehrud basin, It has more ability for making flood than Zilaki basin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Counteract between powre, policy and geography in important straits of the world
Nasrin Khaniha Zahra Pishgahi FardWe have been faced considerable developments in maritime trade after 2nd worldwar. Development of maritime trade led to considerable dependence of countries tofree shipping. Thus, maritime issues are considered as subset of national security. Thisis because access to ca MoreWe have been faced considerable developments in maritime trade after 2nd worldwar. Development of maritime trade led to considerable dependence of countries tofree shipping. Thus, maritime issues are considered as subset of national security. Thisis because access to capital and market is important factor of world new order and itdepends on sea lanes and important straits. Therefore, main security concern,especially in relation to opponents, requires precise strategic consideration forconfrontation with trade wars. Thus, this issue is reason for what cold warconsiderations are invalided and new problems are posed in front of countries.Alongside with ever-growing importance of maritime trade, international straits alsohave special position in sea new geopolitics. Although important straits had key role inpast too, but currently they are important economically. This issue in time after coldwar is reason which reduces importance of some straits and gives some other straitsspecial importance due to position that they have in world trade routes.This research along with considering changes made in meaning and context ofstrategic straits in two geopolitical periods, tries to analyze effects of policies andpowers on these straits. Results yielded from this issue indicate that Indian Ocean andits important straits due to key role that they play in maritime trade, they are veryimportant and this is reason of competition between world powers in these straits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Climate change in the Zagros region
Masoomeh ُSofi Bohloul AlijaniClimate change, especially global warming affect s every aspects of the environment, socialstructure, and food security. The zagros region due to its rugged nature and diverse climate isvery vulnerable to climate change such as temperature warming and rainfall decrease. MoreClimate change, especially global warming affect s every aspects of the environment, socialstructure, and food security. The zagros region due to its rugged nature and diverse climate isvery vulnerable to climate change such as temperature warming and rainfall decrease. In orderto unclose the signs of climate change in the Zagros region, the existing monthly rainfall, raindays, mean, low and high temperatures of 26 stations in the region were studied. Thesestations had data with different durations ranging from 17 to 55 years. The normality of thetime series were tested via lobly force, and their trend with Ljung-Box and Mankendal Tau.The degree and sign of the trend were tested by correlation coefficient.The results did not show any significant trend in the rainfall series. But the mean lowtemperature and daily temperature range showed significant trend. More than 90 percent ofthe stations showed significant increasing trend in the minimum temperature. While the dailyrange showed both increasing and decreasing trends. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Curve Number (CN) Calculating and Zonation of Subbasins Case study: Ahar Chay Basin
بهروز SariOne of the most important Physical factors in basin is the time of concentration. Bacause,there is the curve number (CN) factor in calculating the time of concentration,so that is nessecity for some researches in soil penetration, landuse and surface savecoefficient fil MoreOne of the most important Physical factors in basin is the time of concentration. Bacause,there is the curve number (CN) factor in calculating the time of concentration,so that is nessecity for some researches in soil penetration, landuse and surface savecoefficient filds.In this paper, the mentioned items are calculated which contain sampling all of casesurface and determining the soil penetration. Next stage contains recognizing soilpenetration Zonns, landuse of basin and those maps.Presenting the hypothesizes and subbasins recognizations were the next stages thatlead to calculating CN amount in surface basin and CN polygon maps.Finally, amount of time of concentration of basin and subbasin (by hour) based onsoil conservation service(SCS) relation are calculated that are useful in hydrologicalcalculations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Assess the drought situation in Kashan desert of Kashan and Aran ShhrstanHay Bidgol (NushaBad) using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
Amir Fakhrabadi ALIREZA ENTEZARY Omolbanin BazErafshanDrought is creeping phenomenon, which affects and threatening human life. Drought in a period of unusually dry weather that lack enough water to cause hydrological imbalance faces define. Drought is studied in four main characteristics include intensity, duration, frequ MoreDrought is creeping phenomenon, which affects and threatening human life. Drought in a period of unusually dry weather that lack enough water to cause hydrological imbalance faces define. Drought is studied in four main characteristics include intensity, duration, frequency and areal extent. The aim of this study is mapping the intensity of droughts in Kashan. For this purpose, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) as an indicator for drought monitoring stations located in the plains of the period of 20 years (1390-1369) in the time scale 3,6,9,12,24 and 48 months were used. The most frequent drought in 24 months and the most comprehensive range of acute and severe drought in the plains. SPI values for the severe drought in the province timescales for geostatistics techniques and were classified image. The maps show the extent of the drought and the reduced by increasing the time scale drought in the plains of the West to the East increased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Developing quality improvement strategies in the construction of urban sidewalks; (Case study of Taleghani pedestrian street in Ilam city(
Seyed Mehdi Rasouli Hamed AhmadiIntroduction and purpose of the research: urban appearance is the first representative of any city, which somehow represents the history, history and culture of that city. Among the components of the urban landscape, we can mention sidewalks, urban furniture, green spac MoreIntroduction and purpose of the research: urban appearance is the first representative of any city, which somehow represents the history, history and culture of that city. Among the components of the urban landscape, we can mention sidewalks, urban furniture, green spaces, etc. The main purpose of designing sidewalks is to create a sense of vitality and the flow of social life. Diversity and permeability are two important factors in creating a sense of vitality in sidewalks. Urban furniture is another main component of designing urban spaces that increases the role of quality and efficiency of spaces. One of the main goals of designing urban spaces is to improve the quality of life and create a calm and attractive environment for citizens. From the point of view of citizens, the presence of security in different levels of the city, which makes them feel calm, is also important. Providing this kind of security always has various components including social control. In this research, after examining the principles of sidewalk standardization, it has been tried to introduce and analyze the Taleghani sidewalk of Ilam province.Research method: This article is of a descriptive-analytical type and was conducted in the period of autumn and winter of 1401 with the participation of 237 citizens of the city who were selected by systematic random sampling.Findings: The important point of the implementation of this project is its location in the central core of the city, which causes the reduction or non-use of vehicles, as well as the lack of parking space in the central core of the city, which is not generally understood.Conclusion: The majority of citizens agree with the implementation of such plans, but the important point is the location of this place for the implementation of the work, which is somewhat ambiguous and ponderable from the point of view of the participants, such that 58% of those who agree and those who oppose the location of the implementation of the plan They are 42%. It can also be suggested that before the implementation of projects similar to the mentioned topic, detailed and engineered studies must be done in order to avoid many problems in the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Identifying and Prioritizing the Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Dimensions of Port Cities and Its Role in Urban Management (Case Study: Khuzestan Port Cities)
Mohammad Tavakkoli Babak Ziyae Kamal sakhdariPort cities are seen as an important link in the country's logistics chain. So that the national economy and foreign trade of the country is completely dependent on the functioning of the country's trading ports. The main purpose of this study was to identify and priori MorePort cities are seen as an important link in the country's logistics chain. So that the national economy and foreign trade of the country is completely dependent on the functioning of the country's trading ports. The main purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize effective dimensions of entrepreneurship ecosystem in Iranian port cities (a case study of Khuzestan port cities). This research is a qualitative research and the method is the case study and how to collect semi-structured in-depth interviews with experts. The statistical population is maritime transport industry experts and purposeful sampling method. The method of analyzing the data from the interviews was coded the result of this coding was done in eight dimensions and 84 indicators. Experts' validity and reliability of documenting the whole process were documented by several researchers. In the end, prioritizing the effective dimensions in the entrepreneurship ecosystem of ports was done using a hierarchical analysis process based on pairwise comparisons technique. The results showed that the most effective dimensions in the entrepreneurship ecosystem of Iran's port cities are: policy, finance, markets, stakeholders, human capital, support, natural capital and culture, all of which coincide with the systematic approach to all dimensions promote balanced and sustainable entrepreneurship development in port cities management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Fuzzy Multi-Objective Model of Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network in the Automotive Industry with an Urban Management Approach
saeed aminpour alireza irajpour mahdi yazdaniIntroduction & Objective: The purpose of this study is to design a multi-objective model of fuzzy closed-loop supply chain network in the automotive industry with an urban management approach. Automobile manufacturing is a complex and energetic process that consumes MoreIntroduction & Objective: The purpose of this study is to design a multi-objective model of fuzzy closed-loop supply chain network in the automotive industry with an urban management approach. Automobile manufacturing is a complex and energetic process that consumes significant amounts of raw materials and water. To continue the competition, major automotive equipment manufacturers must strive for better product quality by continuously improving their production process and directing low-carbon emissions and increasing sustainability. In this regard, reverse supply chain networks and closed loop chains have special features that are very useful in the industry under study. Method: In the present study, in order to achieve the research objectives, a quantitative research method will be used and based on the purpose, it is defined in a practical way. In this study, we use the MOPSO method to facilitate its implementation and its ability to provide good convergence, as well as to maintain a proper balance between exploitation and exploration, as well as the NSGA II genetic algorithm. Results: In the study of the findings of the proposed algorithms, it found that the average error resulting from these algorithms is less than 0.04. The results also show that the proposed algorithms have the necessary efficiency in solving these problems. Conclusion: The notable results of our model are as follows: (1) an efficient closed-loop network that demonstrates the economic benefits of considering the value of time over the recycling of a worn product. (2) It has the ability to show the capacity to achieve maximum benefits in terms of cost value as well as the environmental perspective of what capacity it should maintain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Combining time DEA scores using a dynamic panel data model
Geraldo Souza Eliane Gomes -
Open Access Article
141 - Meta cost Malmquist Index with variable relative importance as a function of time in different period and FDH models of DEA
Parisa Firoozishahmirzadi Shaghayeh Rahimi Zohreh Gerailinezhad Nasiri Seyedsajad -
Open Access Article
142 - Consolidated Technique of Response Surface Methodology and Data Envelopment Analysis for setting the parameters of meta-heuristic algorithms - Case study: Production Scheduling Problem
Seyed Esmail Najafi Reza Behnoud -
Open Access Article
143 - Estimation of Inflow to Urmia Lake Using Time Series and Basin's Future Simulation Modeling in Two Long and Short Term Scenarios
اردلان شریف نسب Mojtaba ShourianThe Urmia Lake is the largest and the most important internal lake in Iran and is one of the most valuable international hemispherical resources in the world. But the Lake has been gradually getting dried nowadays. If the Lake gets completely dried, irreparable environm MoreThe Urmia Lake is the largest and the most important internal lake in Iran and is one of the most valuable international hemispherical resources in the world. But the Lake has been gradually getting dried nowadays. If the Lake gets completely dried, irreparable environmental, economical and social damages would be appeared in the region. So, finding a practical solution for surviving the Urmia Lake is crucial. In the present research, it has been tried to predict the inflows of the rivers leading to the Urmia Lake, once based on the long term period’s recorded data and another time based on the recent dry period’s recorded data, by using autoregressive moving average (ARMA) time series models in order to exert the effects of the recent drought in the forecasted data. The ARMA models are developed in the MATLAB soft ware. After calibration of the created models, the predicted discharges of the basin’s rivers were entered into the simulation model of MODSIM in order to estimate the water consumptions in the basin's future condition and finally the entering flows to the Urmia Lake in each of two forecasting scenarios. Results show that in each of two forecasting scenarios of long and short periods, the environmental water right of the lake wouldn’t be supplied totally. Also, if the agricultural water consumptions would get reduced about 14% and 56% in long and short periods respectively, the lake’s water right would be supplied completely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Evaluation of wavelet – least square support vector machine hybrid model to rainfall time series spatiotemporal disaggregation
nima farboudfam Vahid Nourani babak aminnejadThe need to simulate rainfall time series at different scales for engineering purposes on the one hand and lack of recording such parameters in small scales because of administrative and economic problems, on the other hand, disaggregation of rainfall time series to the MoreThe need to simulate rainfall time series at different scales for engineering purposes on the one hand and lack of recording such parameters in small scales because of administrative and economic problems, on the other hand, disaggregation of rainfall time series to the desired scale is an essential topic. In this study, for disaggregating the Tabriz and Sahand rain gauges time series, according to nonlinear characteristics of time scales, wavelet- Least Square Support Vector Machine (WLSSVM) hybrid model is proposed and daily data of four rain gauges and monthly data of six rain gauges from Urmia Lake Basin for ten years were decomposed with wavelet transform and then by using mutual information and correlation coefficient criteria, the subseries were ranked and superior subseries were used as input data of Least Square Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) model for disaggregating the Tabriz and Sahand rain gauges monthly rainfall time series to the daily time series. Results obtained from the WLSSVM disaggregation model were compared with the results of LSSVM and traditional multiple linear regression models. The results of WLSSVM model to LSSVM and multiple linear regression models at validation stage in the optimized case for Tabriz rain gauge were increased 10% and 37.5% and in the optimized case for Sahand rain gauge were increased 24.5% and 46.7% respectively. It was concluded that hybrid WLSSVM model has a higher accuracy than two other methods and can be considered as an accurate disaggregation model to disaggregate the rainfall time series. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Sustainable development of cropping pattern based on optimal irrigation scheduling in real time (Case study: Shoushtar plain)
Saeb KhoshnavazOn-time information and real time decision-making are effective factors in the process of water management in the farm. Therefore, in the present study, a real-time decision support system has been developed for the irrigation scheme of Mian-Ab irrigation network in Sho MoreOn-time information and real time decision-making are effective factors in the process of water management in the farm. Therefore, in the present study, a real-time decision support system has been developed for the irrigation scheme of Mian-Ab irrigation network in Shoushtar plain with 24 sub-sets of cropping pattern and results are compared with existing pattern. To increase the accuracy of modeling, including soil water balance, crop production and root growth, a one-day time step is considered by replacing real-time data. For this purpose, the Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (PSOA) is used to maximize the net benefit of a growing season. The results showed that the optimal economic efficiency of water was obtained for tomato by 92500 IRR/m3. Its yield production also has increased more than 3000 kg/ha in an optimal strategy with a 35 percent reduction in water consumption. Furthermore, critical periods of crop water requirement was between the maximum canopy cover and the start of senescence. Crops like wheat, barley, and rapeseed which their conopy coverage decrease after senescence stage, are more compatible with deficit irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Time Series Analysis of Soil Moisture Content in Loess Deposits of Hezarpich using ARIMA model
hasan Rezaii Moghadam Mohsen Hosseinalizadeh Vahedberdi Sheikh roya JafariSoil moisture content (SMC) as a small part of water balance, nearly considered in all hydrological process and soil and atmosphere tradeoff. Therefor its prediction is useful in planning, designing and decision making. For this, purposeweekly SMC in 40 weeks was measur MoreSoil moisture content (SMC) as a small part of water balance, nearly considered in all hydrological process and soil and atmosphere tradeoff. Therefor its prediction is useful in planning, designing and decision making. For this, purposeweekly SMC in 40 weeks was measured by Time Domain Reflectometry in 3 different location of wheat and rangeland in Loess deposits (West of Gorgan with 27 ha area) at 20cm intervals down to the 80cm depth. SMC in all considered depths and locations had trend for study period and the best model was selected regards to Akaike information criterion (AIC). The best prediction model in rangeland belongs to 60cm depth (R= 0.96). For all considered depths except 40cm in one location in wheat, Integrated Moving Averages (1,1) was selected as the best model. For the other location in the same land cover, the best prediction model devoted to 20cm depth (R= 0.86). Integrated Moving Averages (1,1) for all study locations had the highest priority. Considering tillage practices in crop land and following plough pan in 40cm depth, Autoregressive Integrated moving Average (1,1) selected as the best model for prediction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Determining Long-term Memory using Hurst Index for Precipitation and Discharge Time Series of Selected Stations in Ardabil Province
Raoof Mostafazadeh Vahideh Moradzadeh Nazila Alaei Zeinab HazbaviBackground and Aim: Ecosystems disturbances induced from social factors affect the environmental changes, temperature, evapotranspiration, runoff production and flow rate. In this regard, Hurst index has been used to analyze changes in hydrological processes due to vari MoreBackground and Aim: Ecosystems disturbances induced from social factors affect the environmental changes, temperature, evapotranspiration, runoff production and flow rate. In this regard, Hurst index has been used to analyze changes in hydrological processes due to various factors. The Hurst index is known as an important feature for analyzing hydrological effects. One of the most appropriate tests for long-term memory detection is the rescaling range (R/S) test. The R/S test makes it possible to calculate the self-similarity parameter H (Hurst), which measures the severity of long-term dependence over a time series. Towards this, the present study was conducted to determine the long-term memory using Hurst index for precipitation and discharge time series throughout some selected stations in Ardabil Province, NW Iran.Method: In the present study, long-term memory for annual precipitation and discharge time series (1991-2013) in 17 rain gauges stations and28 river gauge stations in Ardabil Province was assessed. The Hurst index computational values were classified into five categories from very weak to very strong in terms of dependency and scale of instability in the time series. Spatial correlation analysis of Hurst index was performed using Moran index. The Hurst index values were then interpolated by the inverse weighted distance (IDW) method in Arc Map 10.8.Results: The results showed that the among 17 study stations, 23.53, 29.41, 17.65, and 23.53% respectively were classified in the stability scale of very weak (0.50<H<0.55), relatively weak (0.55<H<0.65), relatively strong (0.65<H<0.75), and strong (0.75<H<0.80). Meanwhile, only 5.88% including Shamsabad station were classified as very weak (0.45<H<0.55) in terms of instability scale. According to the analysis of 28 hydrometric stations, 25, 50, and 21.42% were respectively relatively weak, relatively strong, and strong, and 3.58% were very weak on the instability scale, respectively. In the meantime, only the Amuqin Station was categorized with very poorly scale. According to the results of Hir, KoozehTapraghi, Shamsabad and Ahmadkandi rain gauge stations, a positive value of Moran index was found indicating similar values in terms of location. In the other stations, the Moran index values are negative, inficating non-similar valuses and no clusters were formed. The results of clustering in hydrometric stations showed that Iril Station was in the high-high clusters and the Atashgah Station was classified in the low-low clusters and positive values of Moran index. The rest of the study stations did not form specific clusters.Conclusion: The results showed that the Hurst index was obtained for the rainfall stations with an average of 0.64 and a standard deviation of 0.11. The Hurst index was also obtained in hydrometric stations with an average of 0.74 and a standard deviation of 0.12. In general, the range of Hurst index values and its spatial variations on annual precipitation data showed that precipitation values in the study period are not stable. Spatial changes of the mentioned indicators showed that there is a clear difference between different regions of the province in terms of stability of precipitation and discharge. However, according to the box diagram, amplitude of changes and spatial distribution of stations with strong and relatively strong stability, most stations located in the central part of the province have stability in discharge values, which can indicate the continuation of water currents and the occurrence of maximum discharges. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Performance Evaluation of Different Biological Filters for Treatment of Nutrients Agricultural Drainage
Ali Kianpoor Bahman Yargholi Ahmad Sherafati Keramat AkhavanBackground & Objectives: Due to the high consumption of water in agriculture, considerable drainage is produced annually. Currently, a significant volume of drainages (almost 3 BCM) is entered into the Khuzestan province environment without any beneficial use, resul MoreBackground & Objectives: Due to the high consumption of water in agriculture, considerable drainage is produced annually. Currently, a significant volume of drainages (almost 3 BCM) is entered into the Khuzestan province environment without any beneficial use, resulting soil and water contamination. On the other hand, according to Iran's water problems, the quality conservation of water resources and the use of unconventional water resources are essential, especially drainage quality management, and applying them to agriculture and the environment. Materials & Method: This research is carried out to evaluate the efficiency of biological filters with different beds for the treatment of agricultural drainage in Mirza Kooch Khan and Amirkabir Agro-Industry fields in Khuzestan province of Iran during the spring and summer of 2019. The research aims to reduce drainage contamination when discharged into the environment and drainage reuse in agriculture. In this research, the effect of four different types of biological filter including wheat straw, rice husk, cotton stalk, and wood sawdust as the main factor and three retention time of 2, 5 and 10 days as the secondary factor are investigated. The quality factors monitored include turbidity, EC (as a salinity index), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and BOD. Results: Analysis of variance demonstrates a significant difference between the mentioned treatments in terms of the studied parameters (at the level of 1%), except for pH. According to the results, the highest average refinement of qualitative factors based on filter type for turbidity equals 37.87% and relates to the treatment of cotton stalk. For EC, TN, TP, and BOD equal to 9.23%, 49.60%, 46.50%, and 97.59%, respectively, and relate to wood sawdust. Moreover, the average of the highest percentage of pollution reduction for the investigated factors is related to the retention time of 10 days, which for turbidity, EC, TN, TP, and BOD are equivalent to 56.79%, 12.97%, 66.51%, 53.49%, and 80.20%, respectively. Conclusion: Observed results indicate that wood sawdust treatment has a relatively better performance than other treatments. This issue is important since the existence and abundance of this material in the country is high. In addition, due to the importance and effectiveness of hydraulic retention time in treating, it has a direct relationship with efficiency of treating. However, the increase in efficiency from the retention time of 2 days to 5 days is more significant than the increase of retention time from 5 days to 10 days, which can be considered an important factor in selecting the retention time based on pollutants concentration in the drainage. As a result, based on the concentration of input and output quality parameters, it is suggested to use a wood sawdust filter with a 5-day retention time due to its proper performance and being more economical in terms of volume and dimensions of the system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Effect of wheat straw on changing time to runoff and runoff coefficient in laboratory plots under rainfall simulation
Ataollah Kavian Maziar Mohammadi Moghadaseh Fallah Leila GholamiThe runoff and soil erosion is most basic of environmental, agricultural and food production problems in the world, that these had adverse effects on the natural ecosystems and man-managed. One of the most important factors of runoff and soil erosion control is using or MoreThe runoff and soil erosion is most basic of environmental, agricultural and food production problems in the world, that these had adverse effects on the natural ecosystems and man-managed. One of the most important factors of runoff and soil erosion control is using organic and inorganic mulches, that they have most role in runoff and soil erosion control. Therefore in this study, for studying time to runoff and runoff coefficient changes used from an organic mulch (wheat straw mulch) in laboratory conditions. The experiments was done using rainfall simulation, in slope of 30% and plot scale of 0.5 m2 with 3 replications, with two cover percent of 50 and 90% and rainfall intensities of 50 and 100 mm h-1 for 10 min and then the time to runoff and runoff coefficient rates measured. The results showed that in rainfall intensities of 50 and 90 mm h-1, the conservation treatment could increase and decrease time to runoff and runoff coefficient, respectively and the cover of 90% had more effect in increasing time to runoff and decreasing runoff coefficient. The enhancement percent of time to runoff in rainfall intensities of 50 and 100 mm h-1 (cover of 90%) was 102.37 and 70.80%, respectively. The reduction percent of runoff coefficient in rainfall intensities of 50 and 100 mm h-1 (cover of 90%) also was 36.58 and 27.31%, respectively. The effect of conservation treatment and rainfall intensity variables evaluated significant expect in the effect of rainfall intensity × conservation treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Verifying precipitation data of TAMAB and meteorology institute in Urmia basin
Navid Ghajarnia Abdolmajid Liaghat Peyman Daneshkar ArastehWater resources management, forecasting, and decision making require reliable estimates of precipitation. Therefore, a normal and an inevitable part of any hydrological or water management project before starting the research is analyzing the accuracy of time series. Fo MoreWater resources management, forecasting, and decision making require reliable estimates of precipitation. Therefore, a normal and an inevitable part of any hydrological or water management project before starting the research is analyzing the accuracy of time series. For this purpose by using statistical tests, the time series are analyzed heterogeneous and improbable fluctuations of data and if needed are corrected or omitted. Although usually passing the statistical tests, scientifically verifies the efficiency of the data, more precise verifications on the data may lead to different results. Therefore, in this study by choosing precipitation data of Urmia basin as a case study, final results of some statistical tests on the efficiency of the data are analyzed. Careful and precise analysis of the time series especially in comparison with neighboring stations shows that full reliance on the statistical tests alone is not enough for analyzing the efficiency of the time series and the results of these tests may mislead users on the true condition and efficiency of the data. Based on the results of this study, only 2.4 percent of the data need correction or must be omitted; nevertheless, more precise analysis through data shows that about 12.6 percent of the data are completely unsuitable and must be omitted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - Cosmic Eschatology in the Jewish Apocalypses of the Intertestamental Period
علیرضا ابراهیمThe period between composition of the last book of the Old Testamentand the first book of the New Testament is called IntertestamentalPeriod. Jewish literature in this era, because of the encounter of theJews with other nations, flourished in various forms and genres. F MoreThe period between composition of the last book of the Old Testamentand the first book of the New Testament is called IntertestamentalPeriod. Jewish literature in this era, because of the encounter of theJews with other nations, flourished in various forms and genres. Forexample, the genre of apocalypse as a result of the Iranian influence onJudaism became prevalent in Jewish literature. The Greco-Romanpersecutions brought about a new eschatology in the intertestamentalapocalypses, which was on the one hand in accordance with theteachings of the Old Testament, and on the other, it consoled thehistorical sufferings of the Israelite nation. This eschatology dependedon a historical determinism which observed the depravities of thehuman society as the cause of cosmic misfortunes, which in its turnwas the prologue to the advent of the Messiah. The apocalypses'transhistorical approach to the end time events altered the historicalviews of the Old Testament. The apocalyptists of the intertestamentalperiod believed that the hereafter was in motion parallel to this worldand heavenly Jerusalem, which was the symbol of the kingdom of God,was established in the heart of the righteous men. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Tradition and Ijtihād in Christianity and Islam: Mechanisms Employed to Meet the Social Needs
behrooz haddadiThe scope of religion and its role against the social transformations is an important subject to deal with. In this article we try to answer this question: Have Islam and Christianity been able to, on the one hand, follow their doctrines and on the other hand meet the c MoreThe scope of religion and its role against the social transformations is an important subject to deal with. In this article we try to answer this question: Have Islam and Christianity been able to, on the one hand, follow their doctrines and on the other hand meet the changing needs of society? In fact, Christianity by removing the Jewish law and emphasizing on the fluid tradition based on its believers' understanding has succeeded in adapting to the new conditions. Shi'ite Islam by using the 250 hundred years traditions of its Imams has developed some flexible elements in itself. In Sunni Islam, qiyās (deductive analogy), somehow played the same role but the lack of ijtihād and the exclusive dominance of the four jurisprudential schools have erected strong barriers in its way. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Description of the End of Time in Hindu Scriptures and its Comparison with Present Time
Saeed Karimpur Fayyaz GharaeiThe time in Hinduism is considered in a way different from that of Semitic religions. According to Hindu beliefs, the time is a complication of recurrent internal circles which repeat regularly, and the shortest of them is constituted of four periods which the last of t MoreThe time in Hinduism is considered in a way different from that of Semitic religions. According to Hindu beliefs, the time is a complication of recurrent internal circles which repeat regularly, and the shortest of them is constituted of four periods which the last of them is called Kali Yuga. So, the Kali Yuga can be considered somehow as ‘the End of Time’ in Hinduism. The Hindu Scriptures have described Kali Yuga mostly with a character of prevailing of the bad over the good, and refer to appearance of a savior who will make the good prevail on the bad, and will provide a way to enter a new glorious period of time, which is the first period of the next regular circle. However, the fine examinations show that there is a slight discord between the texts, and such an unpleasant description of Kali Yuga comes from the especial situations during which the later Hindu texts were written. In this article, we will examine the concept of ‘circling time’ in Hindu beliefs and the descriptions of Kali Yuga in Hindu scriptures, and we will examine also the ideas which compare it with different periods of the history, especially with the period of time in which we live. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - The Effect of Inulin on Properties of Functional Fermented Milk Produced by Native Strains Isolated from Traditional Iranian Yogurt
Faezeh shirkhan Saeed Mirdamadi mahta mirzaei Behrouz Akbari-adergani Nikoo NasoohiIntroduction: The inclination to manufacture beneficial dairy products has increased in recent years, as consumers pay more attention to food products with adequate sensory qualities and health benefits. Materials and Methods: The current study looked first at the anti- MoreIntroduction: The inclination to manufacture beneficial dairy products has increased in recent years, as consumers pay more attention to food products with adequate sensory qualities and health benefits. Materials and Methods: The current study looked first at the anti-diabetic efficacy of milk fermented by Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Lactobacillus helveticus strains isolated from traditional yogurt as well as co-culture of two-strain based on the inhibitory activity of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes for the production of functional fermented milk. Then, added 1% inulin as an appropriate and applied prebiotic to fermented milk resulting from the combination of two strains and evaluated physicochemical, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, proteolysis rate, and population of bacteria during 19 days at 4°C.Results: The results indicated that milk fermented with two-strain bacterial intercropping had stronger inhibitory activity on alpha-amylase (45%) and alpha-glucosidase (35%) than single strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus helveticus (p<0.05). The addition of inulin increased the inhibitory activity of alpha-amylase (20%) and alpha-glucosidase (33%) at the end of fermentation, respectively. During storage at 4°C, the composition two bacterial strains and inuline significantly increased the population of bacteria, acidity and viscosity and significantly reduced the pH and proteolysis rate of fermented milk. However, there was a decrease in antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Conclusion: The results revealed that both bacterial strains in combination with inulin have the capacity to produce functional food. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Evaluation of Various Technological Factors (Variety, Drying Method, Solvent Type, Time) on Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Date Palm Seed in Jiroft Region
P. Saeedi M. Honarvar F. ShahdadiIntroduction: Date palm seeds are obtained as waste in many date packing and processing workshops and have extensive therapeutic properties in traditional medicine.Materials and Methods: In this study different cultivars of date seeds (Kaluteh, Mardasang, Khanizi and Mo MoreIntroduction: Date palm seeds are obtained as waste in many date packing and processing workshops and have extensive therapeutic properties in traditional medicine.Materials and Methods: In this study different cultivars of date seeds (Kaluteh, Mardasang, Khanizi and Mozafati) were dried by two methods (sun and oven dried), then their extracts were obtained using methanol (80%), ethanol (50%) and hot water on solvents at 6, 12 and 18 hours of extraction. The amount of phenolic compounds using Folin-Ciocalteu method, antioxidant activity by DPPH method and soluble fiber by AOAC standard analysis method were determined.Results: The results showed that the highest amount of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were obtained in Mordasang cultivar by sun drying method, methanol of 80% and 18 hours of extraction time respectively (10.08,93.38%) , in Kaluteh cultivar by sun drying method, hot water extraction and 12 hours of extraction time, respectively (8.03,87.94%) in Khanizi cultivar by oven drying method, ethanol of 50% and 18 hours of extraction time respectively(7.36, 71.91%) and in Mazafati cultivar by sun drying method, methanol of 80% and 12 hours of extraction time, respectively (8.48, 88.95%). The highest and lowest amount of insoluble fiber were observed in Mordasang cultivar by sun drying method and Mozafati cultivar by sun drying method, respectively. The highest and lowest amount of soluble fiber were related to Kaluteh cultivar by sun drying method and Khanizi cultivar by oven drying method.Conclusion: In general, this study showed that the seeds of different date cultivars in the Jiroft region, despite having anti-radical properties and rich in natural antioxidants, are affected by variety and drying method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - The Effect of Emulsifying Salts on Physicochemical Properties and Enzymatic Gelation Time of Skim Milk
Mahdokht Ehteshami Hamid Ezzatpanah Soleyman Abbasi Mohammad Hadi GivianradIntroduction: Milk proteins are able to form gel under different situations such as heating, acidification, adding the enzymes and emulsifying salts. In this study, the effect of adding tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) and trisodium citrate (TSC) on physicochemical prop MoreIntroduction: Milk proteins are able to form gel under different situations such as heating, acidification, adding the enzymes and emulsifying salts. In this study, the effect of adding tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) and trisodium citrate (TSC) on physicochemical properties and rennet gelation time of unheated and heated skim milk was investigated. Materials and Methods: 2 to 10 mM TSPP and TSC were added to unheated and heated reconstituted skim milk. The pH, electro-conductivity (EC), and turbidity of samples were measured and upon the rennet treatment, the gelation time and water holding capacity (WHC) of treated samples were determined.Results: Based on our findings, addition of TSPP and TSC increased the pH and EC while it decreased the turbidity of the samples. Moreover, the presence of these salts extended the rennet gelation time of induced casein gels and gelation was only observed in the samples containing 2 and 4 mM TSC, and 4, 6, and 8 mM TSPP. The WHC of the samples was increased as well.Conclusion: TSPP and TSC resulted in dispersing the casein and forming a new gel networks, that can contribute to the improvement of some properties of milk products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - The Effects of Vacuum Cooling on Some Physico-chemical and Microbiological Properties of Shortened Cake
M. Malmir B. Ghiassi Tarzi G. H. Assadi H. Mirsaeed Ghazi B. DelkhoshIntroduction: In the bakery industry, it is required to cool the product as soon as possible after the product is taken out of the oven and prior to packaging in order to avoid vapour condensation inside the wrapping. The object of this study is the design of vacuum coo MoreIntroduction: In the bakery industry, it is required to cool the product as soon as possible after the product is taken out of the oven and prior to packaging in order to avoid vapour condensation inside the wrapping. The object of this study is the design of vacuum cooling system and to compare the effects of different cooling methods on some physico-chemical and microbiological properties of shortened cake. Materials and Methods: After baking the products were allowed to cool down by different methods namely still air cooling (24 ℃), forced air cooling (air velocity was 1.5 m/s) and vacuum cooling (40 mbar). The cooling process ended when the center temperature of the samples reached the temperature of 30 °C. Cooling time, mass loss, hardness, moisture content, water activity and sensory quality were investigated after cooling. Results: The results showed that the weight loss of 4.58% was obtained concerned with shortest cooling time of 94 seconds for vacuum cooling in comparison to air cooling and forced air cooling cakes (p<0.01). Crumb of vacuum cooling cakes was harder with lower moisture content, water activity and microbial spoilage (p<0.01). The results did not show significant differences in water activity and hardness of crumb between air cooling and forced air cooling cakes. Sensory evaluation indicated lower moisture content for vaccum cooling cakes as compared to other cooling methods, but there were not significant differences (p>0.05) between overall acceptability of the cake samples. Conclusion: Vacuum cooling has provided and demonstrated benefits, regarding the shortening of cooling time and minimization of microbial growth. It is expected that its application will become more competitive and widespread in the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Influence of Temperature and Air Velocity Changes on Drying Process of Peanut in Hot Air Dryer
M. Gholami Parshokohi E. Merzanezhad A. H. Ahmad Beigi M. Salimi BaniIntroduction: Decrease of moisture content to safe level in order to reach maximum maintenance is the principle goal of drying agricultural products. Parameters of temperature and air velocity are considered the main important factors in drying process. Mathematical mod MoreIntroduction: Decrease of moisture content to safe level in order to reach maximum maintenance is the principle goal of drying agricultural products. Parameters of temperature and air velocity are considered the main important factors in drying process. Mathematical modeling of drying process is used to design and improve available drying system and also to control the process. Materials and Methods: In this research, the effect of temperature (40, 50, 60 and 70 ºC) and air velocity (2 and 3 m.s-1) changes on drying time and rate of drying peanut using hot air dryer has been studied. Moisture variations during drying process under different conditions were fitted using various mathematical models including Newton, Two-term, Midili, Page, Modified Page and Logarithmic. Results: Factors of temperature and air velocity had significant effects on the drying time and the rate of drying (P<0.01). Conclusion: Effect of temperature on the drying process was considerable, therefore an increase in this parameter led to a 67.8% decrease in time and a 109% increase in drying rate. The maximum influence of air velocity on drying time and rate was 37.3 and 20.9%, respectively. Moisture variations during the drying process were well fitted to a two-term model(R=0.999). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - The Stabilizing Effect of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidant on Mutton Tallow- Evaluation of DSC and its Comparison with Rancimat
Y. Ramezam M. Ghavami M. Bahmaei M. H. Givianrad A. H. Hemmasi -
Open Access Article
160 - Use of Real-Time PCR and High-Resolution Melting Analysis for Detection and Discrimination of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis in Contaminated Raw-Egg Samples
H. Ahari B. Fahimi N. Sheikhi A.A. Anvar S. Paidari -
Open Access Article
161 - Change point analysis of discharge time series in some hydrometric stations in Golestan Province
Ebrahim Asgari Raoof Mostafazadeh Khadije HajiBackground and Objective: Change point analysis technique is an important method to detect potential change in time series. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to determine and analysis of change points in the annual discharge of Golestan Province over 20 MoreBackground and Objective: Change point analysis technique is an important method to detect potential change in time series. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to determine and analysis of change points in the annual discharge of Golestan Province over 20 hydrometric stations in a 34-years period. Methodology: Time and magnitude of change points have been defined and the results have been analysed along with variations of temperature and precipitation through the study area. According to the results, a significant positive correlation is exist between discharge and precipitation (p<0.001). While, the correlation between discharge and temperature had a negative non-significant correlation. Findings: The results showed that the dominance of change points are decreasing over the study area along with some increasing and no change cases. The number of significant decreasing points were significantly higher than increasing changes and the major changes had occurred in the 1994, 1995, and 1998 years in 4, 5, and 3 stations, respectively (the decreasing points happened over 1994-1998-time span). The highest observed changes was related to Lazoureh station in 1980 and 2011 years which the values of changes in discharge were 3.01 and 0.9 cubic meter per seconds, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: It can be concluded that, the number and amount of changes in water discharge can be determined by the change point analysis technique. Understanding the trends decrease or increase in watershed rainfall and discharge have an important role in water resources management and water-related issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Investigating Capability and Evaluation of Spatial Temporal Variations in Yasuj in Urban Development
Arezoo salamatnia seyed Ali jozi Saeed Malmasi roya nezakati mojgan zaeimdarSustainable development is a kind of development that responds to the needs of the present generation, without threatening the future generation's capabilities in meeting their needs. So one of the most important steps to achieve sustainable development is to carry out MoreSustainable development is a kind of development that responds to the needs of the present generation, without threatening the future generation's capabilities in meeting their needs. So one of the most important steps to achieve sustainable development is to carry out various environmental studies before implementing any development plan. Background and Purpose: In this study, with the aim of investigating capability and evaluation of spatial temporal variations in Yasuj, efforts have been made to implement weighted Linear Combination Technique in order to predict the capability of the region for urban development. Also satellite images were used to investigate the spatial temporal variation in Yasuj city. Analysis method: In order to investigate the amount of power and evaluation of temporal and spatial variation in urban development, the criteria and sub-criteria were determined based on experts' opinions and previous researches. Then the AHP technique assisted by 30 faculty members and experts was employed to paired comparison dimensions and criteria. After the paired comparison, the information layers were standardized in the Idrisi environment and in the GIS environment. Then the layers were combined to determine the land suitability for Urban development. Afterwards, in order to study the time-shift changes of land use in Yasuj city in the three periods of 1986, 2001, and 2016, Landsat satellite images, TM, ETM + and OLI sensors, which were prepared in the Envi 5.1 software environment, were used. Findings: Based on the land use change trends in the Yasuj area, residential or urban areas have undergone extensive changes that affected environment uses including forests, grassland, agriculture and aquatic structures. The forest, located inside and around the city of Yasuj, provides a lot of ecosystem services for the area, which by city development, these services have been reduced both quantitatively and qualitatively, which should be considered. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study can be used as a model for selecting suitable locations for urban development with respect to environmental considerations and results of this work shown that studies based on spatial data, especially on human settlements (due to their inherent nature) can be the basis for accurate planning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Analysis of the Parameters Affecting on the Performance and Energy Efficiency of Biodiesel Production from Waste Oil
Golmohammad Khoobbakht Mahmoud karimiBackground and Objective: The steady increase in energy demand and the depletion of crude oil resources have led to the search for renewable and sustainable fuels. Biodiesel is the best alternative to diesel because it is environmentally friendly. Biodiesel is typically MoreBackground and Objective: The steady increase in energy demand and the depletion of crude oil resources have led to the search for renewable and sustainable fuels. Biodiesel is the best alternative to diesel because it is environmentally friendly. Biodiesel is typically produced by the transesterification method. In this study, energy efficiency and the effect of reaction time and temperature as well as the molar ratio of methanol to oil on biodiesel production from waste oil were investigated.Methods: In this study, the energy of inputs such as manpower, edible oil waste, alcohol (methanol), catalyst (KOH), electricity and energy of biodiesel production machine and energy output including: biodiesel, glycerol, alcohol additives, water, soap, mono-glyceride and Diglyceride was calculated to calculate energy efficiency. Also, to calculate the yield, the weight of fatty acid esters and triglycerides of waste oil from the reaction was measured.Findings and Conclusions: The results of this study showed that these three parameters of reaction time and temperature as well as the molar ratio of methanol to oil affected the performance of the transesterification reaction by the conventional method. The molar ratio of methanol to oil was 6: 1, the reaction time was 60 minutes and the reaction temperature was 60 ° C with 95% conversion of triglycerides to fatty acid esters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Surveying and Predicting Surface Currents of Khuzestan Province Using Time Series Models
Alireza Entezari Rasoul SarvestanThe purpose of this study was to study the surface currents of Khuzestan province and its prediction for the period (2019Background and Objective: The present study is to evaluate the surface currents of Khuzestan province and its forecast for the period 2019 to 2021 us MoreThe purpose of this study was to study the surface currents of Khuzestan province and its prediction for the period (2019Background and Objective: The present study is to evaluate the surface currents of Khuzestan province and its forecast for the period 2019 to 2021 using time series models.Material & Methodlogy: The present study was conducted in 9 selected stations from Khuzestan province in order to compare the accuracy of the time series model and predict the amount of surface currents. For this purpose, the monthly flow data of the hydrometric station for 22 years (1391-2014) has been used. The multiplicative seasonal time series model of surface currents was investigated and the best model was fitted. Findings: The results of these studies show that the best models fitted in SARIMA (1,1,1) (1,0,1), SARIMA, SARIMA (0,1,1) (1,0,1), telephoto SARIMA, Primate (1,0,1) (1,1,1) SARIMA, Dezful (1,0,2) (1,1,1) SARIMA, Plain SARIMA, Dokehe (0,2,2) (1,1,1) SARIMA, Gotvand (1,1,2) (1,0,1) SARIMA (1,1,1) And SARAB (1.1.2) (2.1.1), which had good accuracy to predict surface currents.Discussion and Conclusion: Surveying the annual prediction of surface currents for 2019 to 2029 showed that surface currents in all selected stations decreased and this decrease in Ahwaz station to the highest and the two-hill station to the lowest values reaches to 9.78 and 0/58 respectively; also, the monthly forecast showed that in December, with 6/98 and 1/67, the highest and lowest decreases would occur. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - Numerical study of the efficiency of dimensionless methods in determining flood status (Case study: Astaneh-Koochesfahan station, Sefidrood river)
Yasin Ebrahimdoust Alireza MardookhpourBackground and Objective: Rain is one of the most important parameters in the hydrological cycle. A large percentage of rainfall in different areas under the influence of factors such as geological structure and structure, vegetation, land slope and the shape of the bas MoreBackground and Objective: Rain is one of the most important parameters in the hydrological cycle. A large percentage of rainfall in different areas under the influence of factors such as geological structure and structure, vegetation, land slope and the shape of the basin becomes surface runoff. Floods are also the result of runoff caused by heavy rains with sudden melting of snow. In catchments, it is not possible to measure all the quantities required for runoff analysis, so it is necessary to choose a model that can easily predict the runoff from rainfall while using simple structure and minimal factors. arrives Material and Methodology: In this study, using simulation of rainfall to flood conversions in a long statistical period of about 20 years between January 23, 2000 to September 23, 2021 in the Astana-Kuchesfahan catchment with HEC-HMS software, one of the objectives The effect of selecting the type of flow conversion hydrographs on the amount of computational error in flooding was investigated. Findings: In this study, unlike the SCS method, in which the error digit as a Nash function is 0.540 and the RMSE is 0.7 as well as the deviation percentage with a digit of 28.01, for the Clark method the Nash function is The value is 0.533 and RMSE is 0.7 and also the percentage of deviation is 29.71. Also in Schneider method, Nash function is 0.477 and RMSE is 0.7 and also the percentage of deviation is 34.25. Discussion and conclusion: This calculation also confirms in terms of error measurement that one of the best criteria for observing the difference can not be RMSE. By performing the validation step, the amount of initial error on the set was significantly reduced. This value reached 0.595 during the long 20-year period for the Nash function. Also, for all the elements in the model, the flow volume and discharge at the moment of the peak event improved significantly. The correctness of the model in the calibration step to reduce the error confirms that selecting one type of hydrograph for the range does not necessarily lead to a significant reduction in the simulation error. However, the converted hydrograph type is significantly effective in reducing the calibration error. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Prediction of Gas Pollutants Concentration by Means of Artificial Neural Network in Tehran Urban Air
Siamak Bodaghpour Amir CharkhestaniIn this study we applied artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the concentration of air pollutant in Tehran urban air. Because of dangers of air pollution in Tehran city witch causes environmental problems and various respiratory and dermatological diseases and tro MoreIn this study we applied artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the concentration of air pollutant in Tehran urban air. Because of dangers of air pollution in Tehran city witch causes environmental problems and various respiratory and dermatological diseases and troubles especially in children and aged people. This research was set in order to schedule and control this problem in Tehran and other great cities. Statistical data for this purpose were picked up from the concentration of pollutant gases recorded by fixed sensors in Bazar station from 2002 till 2007 (NOX gas). Auto regressive model and time series were used to determine neural network inputs. Current time gas concentration in this model depends on gas concentration of all 7 past days. Therefore, neural network input was concentration of the gas in all 7 past days and neural network output which was the prediction of neural network and the concentration of the gas in current time. Then the model of ANN is deigned by using of MATLAB 7 software and data simulating. Eventually, simulated data has plotted versus real data and it depicted that there is a good result compared with simulated data from ANN. The latter shows less error compare with regression model Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Effect of retention time and temperature on the efficiency stabilization ponds in treatment of petroleum wastewater
Abdollah Dargahi Meghdad Pirsaheb Mohamadtaghi Savadpoor Mortaza Alighadri Mehrdad FarookhiBiological treatment method is one of the best and most cost-effective methods for the treatment ofcontaminated wastewaters. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of retention time andtemperature on the efficiency of stabilization ponds in removing organi MoreBiological treatment method is one of the best and most cost-effective methods for the treatment ofcontaminated wastewaters. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of retention time andtemperature on the efficiency of stabilization ponds in removing organic compounds, N-NH3 and PO4from oil refinery wastewater.Materials and Methods:The method used in the present study was of an experimental type, in which an anaerobic stabilizationpond with dimensions of 1 × 0.2× 1 m and a laboratory scale facultative pond with the capacity of 400L were designed, set up and operated, using fiberglass sheet with a thickness of 6 mm. In this study,the hydraulic retention time of 2 and 5 days for anaerobic pond and 5 and 10 days for facultative pondwere set in both hot and cold temperatures. Then, N-NH3 and PO4 parameters were measured at thewavelengths of 425 and 690 nm respectively. Also, TCOD, SCOD, TBOD, SBOD and pH of sampleswere measured according to the standard methods for water and wastewater tests.Results and Discussion:These results indicated that the retention time and temperature had a significant effect on theefficiency of stabilization ponds, so that the efficiency of anaerobic and facultative stabilization pondsin the removal of organic compounds was significantly increased with the increase of retention timeand temperature (p<0.05). The maximum removal efficiency for COD, BOD, N-NH3 and PO4 wasobtained to be 93.31, 93.66, 88.15 and 73.17 % respectively (at the retention time of 5 days ofanaerobic and 10 days of facultative and hot temperature), and the minimum removal efficiency for1-Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Khalkhal Medical, Ardabil University ofMedical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran2-Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University ofMedical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran3- Department of Nursing, School of Khalkhal Medical, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran4-Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ardabil University of MedicalSciences, Ardabil, Iran5- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Alborz University of MedicalSciences, Karaj, IranJ.Env.Sci,TechJ.Env. Sci. Tech., Vol 16, No.2, Summer 2014153the same parameters was obtained to be 41.47, 40.55, 34.26 and 22.46% respectively (at the retentiontime of 2 days of anaerobic and 5 days of facultative and hot temperature). Also, the single algaavailable in the facultative pond was formidiom and it was able to grow in high concentrations ofsulfur.The results of this study showed that the pilot-scale stabilization ponds in hot temperature, if operatedproprly, have the ability to remove organic compounds with a high efficiency. However, in coldweather, its efficiency is low but in acceptable level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Modeling of Possible Dredging Effects of Khozeini Channel on the Water Renewal Time in Gorgan Bay, Southeast of tmj nhe Caspian Sea
saeed sharbaty Sorena NasimiBackground and Objective: Water renewal time, one of the important indicators, is considered for estimation of health status of marine ecosystem. The Khozeini channel has been the second communicative ways of the Gorgan Bay with the Caspian Sea which is blocked by decre MoreBackground and Objective: Water renewal time, one of the important indicators, is considered for estimation of health status of marine ecosystem. The Khozeini channel has been the second communicative ways of the Gorgan Bay with the Caspian Sea which is blocked by decreasing of sea water level and sedimentation in recent years. In this investigation, in order to considering of Khozeini channel possible dredging effects on the Water Renewal Time in the Gorgan Bay, the Hydrodynamic and Advection-Dispersion modules of two-dimensional Mike21 FM model were coupled simultaneously. Method: The modeling on two triangular unstructured meshes and under two different open boundary conditions by including wind stress, water fluctuations in the mouth of Bandartorkaman-Ashoradeh and Khozeini channel, rivers input, evaporation and precipitation during index year were done. To determine the amount of dispersion coefficient in the Gorgan Bay, salinity modeling using Advection-Dispersion module of MIKE 21 FM were developed. Findings: The results two-dimensional salinity modeling showed that the best of dispersion coefficients are 350 m2/s in Gorgan Bay. The results of calculating of the Integral Water Renewal amount under blocking Khozeini channel condition was 54 days and dredging channel condition a width of 170 m was 41 days. Discussion and Conclusion: The best time for Water Renewal Time modeling in Gorgan Bay is the beginning trend of intering annual water level rising in the Caspian Sea. Renewal Time values are depending on hydrodynamic regime and salinity dispersion coefficient in Gorgan Bay. According to the common counterclockwise water circulation pattern in Gorgan Bay, Khozeini channel dredging reduces Integral Renewal Time of up to 13 days. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Ammonia removal from effluent using isolated native bacteria from Kermanshah Petrochemical Industries effluent
Mehdi Gowdini Hatam Godini Farhad SalimiBackground and purpose: Ammonia-Nitrogen is considered one of the environmental pollutants, these pollutants have high concentrations in petrochemical effluent specially, Ammonia and Urea plants. In this study, biological methods using native bacteria consertium isolate MoreBackground and purpose: Ammonia-Nitrogen is considered one of the environmental pollutants, these pollutants have high concentrations in petrochemical effluent specially, Ammonia and Urea plants. In this study, biological methods using native bacteria consertium isolated from petrochemical industry has been used for nitrate and ammonia removal. Methods: This study has been carreid out in batch mode and the effects of initial concentrations; pH and retention time has been investigated. The initial concentrations of 3×108 CFU/ml of nitrifier and denitrifier bacteria has been used. An initial ammonia and nitrate concentrations of 50-200 mg/l as well as the retention time 3-168 hours and also pH 5,6,7,8 and 9 were studied. Finding: The results showed that the native bacteria isoated from petrochemical industry with a population of 3×108 CFU/ml in pH 8 were able to remove ammonia and nitrate with a initial concentrations of 200 mg/l with 99.5% efficiency in a retention time 4 days for nitrifier, and 6 days for denitrifier bacteria. Discussion and conclusion: The isolated native bacteria had a powerful effect in the nitrification and denitrification processes, so effluent ammonia can be removed with high efficiency by isolated native bacteria, and needs for environmental standards can be applied for effluent discharge. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Effect of concentration on efficiency and adsorption equilibrium time of lead from aqueous solution by rice husk adsorbent
Hasan Jamali Armandi Zaman Shamohamadi HeidariObjective: This study reviews the efficiency of absorption and equilibrium time Variations in concentrations were measured. Materials and methods: For this rice husk absorbent was used to absorb lead Kinetic adsorption experiments were carried out for estimation equilib MoreObjective: This study reviews the efficiency of absorption and equilibrium time Variations in concentrations were measured. Materials and methods: For this rice husk absorbent was used to absorb lead Kinetic adsorption experiments were carried out for estimation equilibrium time in varied concentrations. The results showed that in varied concentration amount the lead adsorbed per unit weight of adsorbent increased with increase contact time and process adsorption equilibrium reached at 60, 90, 105, 120, 90, 75 and 60 minutes for initial lead concentration 1, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg/l, respectively. Results: Adsorption efficiency increased with decreasing solution concentration from 500 mg/l to 1 mg/l. However obtained maximum adsorption efficiency at concentration was 1 mg/l (%98). The experimental data were fitted using Ho &et al. and Lagergren kinetic models. Results showed that lead ions adsorption on rice husk followed adsorption model of Ho & et al. The experimental results were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Results showed that experimental data fitted well the Freundlich model isotherm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - SWOT
Akramolmolook Lahijanian Shadi SheabeygiIranian cities developments show the fact that however their quantitative development was parallel with city superficial development and increasing of construction with urban output, this development in qualitative point of view was accompanied with many challenges. Se MoreIranian cities developments show the fact that however their quantitative development was parallel with city superficial development and increasing of construction with urban output, this development in qualitative point of view was accompanied with many challenges. Semnan is one example of these kinds of cities which contains considerable natural and under structures green environment that has considerable qualitative improvement effect on the city. According to urban green spaces importance, this research considers landscape and environment beautification plans of Park 8 Shahrivar of Semnan measuring 5 hectares. The questionnaire is designed according Likert scale with 5 scores. The aims of this research were based on studying landscape and environment beautification plans in urban parks for citizens, existing abnormalities and irregularities in parks, resulted from non appropriate design of park spaces alongside providing appropriate conditions in Park 8 Shahrivar for users and suitable criteria in order to qualitative improvement of Semnan parks. Statistic society of this research, based on census of 2006, is included all citizens of Semnan amounted to 126780 persons and the studied sample is 170 persons of this society. This research has 2 hypotheses in mind: the hypothesis 1” landscape and environment beautification plans in urban parks can attract and increase users’ numbers” confirmed by calculating percentage abundance and Pierson test calculation and considerable different between questions. Hypothesis 2 “access to beautiful and green environment can increase citizens’ life quality and the society output” confirmed by calculating percentage abundance and Pierson test calculation and considerable different between questions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Biosorption of Cu (II) by Dead Fungal biomass of Penicillium Camemberti: Batch and Fixed Bed studied
Rana Khalilnezhad Moayed Hosseini SadrBackground and Objectives: The presence of heavy metals in aqueous sources is one of the most important problems that effects on health and environment. Adsorption by microorganisms using methods has many advantages. For this purpose, used microorganisms such as fungi, MoreBackground and Objectives: The presence of heavy metals in aqueous sources is one of the most important problems that effects on health and environment. Adsorption by microorganisms using methods has many advantages. For this purpose, used microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, and algae for removing heavy metals. Materials and methods: In this study the use of non-living fungal of Penicillium camemberti as biosorbent for removal of copper ions from aqueous solution was investigated in batch system and fixed bed column. In the batch system, for the biological absorption of copper, the parameters of temperature, pH, the dosage of biosorbent and contact time were optimized. In the kinetic study of the biosorption of copper metal by means of the non-living fungus, the Lagergren intraparticle diffusion models have been used. Findings: Considering the obtained results, it is determined that the biological absorption of copper using fungus follows from the second order equation because in the second order state, the amounts of qcal are close to the amounts of qexp and also R2>0/97.The results also demonstrate that an intra-particle diffusion mechanism play a significant role in the sorption process. In continues system, the biosorbent was turned into granul and the effects of hight and flow rate studied. The structure of Penicillium camemberti was characterized by IR spectrometer. Disscusion and Conclusion: The results also demonstrate that adsorption mechanism plays a significant role in the sorption process. The maximum biosorption obtained from the batch process was 86/52% for biomass in pH=5/5. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - Evaluation of Watershed Management on Flood Forecast Lead Time in Golabdare-Darband Basin
Mohammad Ebrahim Banihabib Azar ArabiMain purpose of this research is estimating the effect of watershed management on flood forecast lead time in Golabdare-Darband basin using HEC-HMS Model. The model was calibrated and validated for Golabdare-Darband basin before and after watershed management using four MoreMain purpose of this research is estimating the effect of watershed management on flood forecast lead time in Golabdare-Darband basin using HEC-HMS Model. The model was calibrated and validated for Golabdare-Darband basin before and after watershed management using four flood events. Floods of the basin are simulated in different return periods in both conditions of before and after watershed management. The Threshold of flood warning was estimated using 25-year flood peak. Results of this research show that the change of land use caused by watershed management, increases flood lead time and increasing return periods causes lead time reduction from 11 minutes to 15 minutes (26% incensement). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - Fabrication and Evaluation of anaerobic baffle reactor for leachate treatment of Sari province
Amin Arvin majid peyravi Mohsen JahanshahiBackground and Objective: Landfill leachate has been identified as a potential source of ground and surface waters contamination due to the generation of leachate. Further, landfill leachate may percolate through soils and cause the large pollution of streams, creeks an MoreBackground and Objective: Landfill leachate has been identified as a potential source of ground and surface waters contamination due to the generation of leachate. Further, landfill leachate may percolate through soils and cause the large pollution of streams, creeks and water. Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of a laboratory-scale ABR in different COD concentrations and hydraulic retention time for COD removal. Method: In this research, an anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR) was used for biological landfill leachate treatment. The ABR was 10 cm wide, 60 cm long, and 10 cm depth and was constructed from Perspex with an effective volume of 6 L. The ABR was seeded with anaerobically digested sewage sludge taken from an anaerobic digester of a wastewater treatment plant in Qaemshahr city. Landfill leachate used in this study was collected from a landfill leachate waste municipal site located in Kiasar, Sari. The experiments used in this study were chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, suspended solids (SS) and alkalinity. Findings: The anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR) has been have an appropriate performance for COD removal of landfill leachate. Also, the results showed that this reactor presented an acceptable capability of pH control and acidogenic microorganism separation from others. On the other hands, the results demonstrated that an alkalinity remained at the desirable level in the reactor and it is not necessary to add chemical materials to control it. Moreover, the suspended solids were significantly removed in this reactor. Discussion and Conclusion: The obtained results indicated that the highest COD removal (86%) was achieved at the HRT of 2 days where the COD concentration of 2700 mg/L was reduced to 380 mg/L. Furthermore, the system performance at lower hydraulic retention time was decreased. At the COD concentration of 2700 mg/L, 70% decrement of the reactor efficiency was observed by decreasing hydraulic retention time to 12 hr. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - Effects of the physical properties of building envelopes on heat transfer timelag and decrement factor (Case study: high-rise buildings in Hamadan)
Mahdi Sharifi Vahid Ghobadianreduce environmental pollution and to improve environmental conditions have been the main requirements for building construction. Envelopes are those parts of buildings that have a considerable impact on energy consumption. That is why the study of envelopes behavior is Morereduce environmental pollution and to improve environmental conditions have been the main requirements for building construction. Envelopes are those parts of buildings that have a considerable impact on energy consumption. That is why the study of envelopes behavior is especially important. In addition, heat transfer between the envelopes is the main factor of changes in the internal temperature and affects directly the heating and cooling load and thermal comfort of the interior space. This paper aims to study the thermal behavior of the envelopes in buildings and to achieve transparent envelopes with appropriate function in the buildings of Hamedan. Method: This study has been conducted using an experimental method. The internal temperature and the temperature near the envelope on both inner and outer sides of high-rise buildings with glazed facades in Hamadan have been registered using the environmental measurement tool. According to the obtained data, two parameters of heat transfer time lag and decrement factor have been analyzed. Then, the behavior of the envelopes has been studied by a numerical analogy and logical reasoning. Findings: According to the calculation of the time lag, this study shows that in Hamadan, double glazing has a better performance (50%) than single tempered glazing due to the desirability of longer time lag and less decrement factor. In addition, in terms of heat transfer time lag, glasses with higher thickness and more distance between two layers of double glazing have better performance (16%) than other types of double glazing. Conclusion: The results of this study can be useful to better understand the thermal behavior of the envelopes, as well as to better designing based on the climatic conditions of Hamadan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - Two Dimensional Modeling of Net Water Renewal Time in Gorgan Bay
saeed sharbaty Hamed Kolangi MiandarehBackground and Objective: Net Renewal Time is one of the most important indicators for water quality analysis in the water bodies. In this study, in order to investigate the Net water Renewal Time in Gorgan Bay, two modules from two dimensional Mike21FM model including MoreBackground and Objective: Net Renewal Time is one of the most important indicators for water quality analysis in the water bodies. In this study, in order to investigate the Net water Renewal Time in Gorgan Bay, two modules from two dimensional Mike21FM model including Advection-Dispersion and Hydrodynamic were coupled. Method: Modeling was performed under 4 different scenarios with inclusion of some factors such as wind stress, river input, precipitation, evaporation and water fluctuations in spans of Ashoradeh-Bandaretorkaman. Findings: The modeling results showed that integral Net Renewal Time in Gorgan Bay was 0.0181 per days. Variations in the amounts of Net Renewal Time were strongly influenced by prevailing hydrodynamic regime in Gorgan Bay. Net Renewal Time in distance of 1 km from the input spans was less than one day. This time index rate decreases by moving along longitudinal axis of the bay from east to west. Net Renewal Time in northeastern area was more than the corresponding areas in southeastern part. There was no significant difference in the Net Renewal Time for southern and northern parts of the west area. The modeling results in the four seasons showed that the Renewal amounts in winter and spring were more than those in summer and fall, and these results were consistent with increasing and decreasing inter-annual water level trend in the Caspian Sea, respectively. Conclusion: Due to the low water Net Renewal Time in Gorgan Bay, it can be concluded that the water flushing system has very low speed in this water body and any use of it must be done with further studies and arrangements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - Effects of Retention Time and Substrate Type on Biogas and Alkalinity Productions from Anaerobic Digestion of Slaughterhouse Wastes
Amaneh Salimi Shahnaz Danesh Seyed Hadi EbrahimiBackground and Objective: Anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse solid wastes, such as rumen contents, is an appropriate treatment option for managing such residues, because of their significant role in reducing the environmental impacts as well as the potential for biog MoreBackground and Objective: Anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse solid wastes, such as rumen contents, is an appropriate treatment option for managing such residues, because of their significant role in reducing the environmental impacts as well as the potential for biogas production. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of retention time and substrate type on the biogas and alkalinity productions during anaerobic digestion of rumen contents. Method: This study aimed to investigate the effects of retention time and substrate type on biogas and alkalinity productions of slaughterhouse wastes using one liter anaerobic digester with batch flow. Experiments were performed at temperature of 35°C and retention time of 30 days with three types of substrate: cattle rumen contents, sheep rumen contents and their mixture (mixing ratio 1:1) with total solids of 6.5, 9.1 and 8.0%, respectively. Results: Maximum alkalinity was found in the digester containing cattle rumen contents as it increased pH. Thus, the highest cumulative biogas and methane yields obtained for these digesters were 286.1 and 80.7 mL/g VSdegraded respectively. Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that in the process of anaerobic digestion of rumen contents (regardless of substrate type and retention time), pH of the reactors can play a major role in biogas and methane productions. Thus, to prevent pH drop and to provide a suitable environment for the growth and activity of microorganisms, addition of an alkaline substance is required. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - Testing information content influenced by investors Sentiment Behavior and Financial Reporting Quality
shahnaz alinejad Fraydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti farzin rezaeiPurpose of the present study is to understand the relationship between investors sentiment behavior and financial reporting quality with the information content of financial statements of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The data of 110 companies were collecte MorePurpose of the present study is to understand the relationship between investors sentiment behavior and financial reporting quality with the information content of financial statements of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The data of 110 companies were collected from the databases of the Iranian Stock Exchange during the years 2009-2019 and analyzed in three stages using ANOVA- FRIEDMAN- OLS methods. In this study, the criteria for measuring the quality of financial reporting are the method of Jones, Dechow and Ball.From the OLS test results, it can be concluded that the information content determination coefficient has the highest value when the investors sentiment behavior is high and the financial reporting quality of the Jones model is average and it can also be stated that according to the test results ANOVA only in the model of financial reporting quality of Jones has the sentiment behavior of investors and the quality of financial reporting has an increasing impact on information content. The results of Friedman test also showed that there was a significant difference between different groups of investors sentiment behavior and financial reporting quality of Jones, Ball and Dechow. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - Impact of cash flow shock and stock prices on stock price forecast In the Tehran Stock Exchange
iraj noravesh narges mohseni اکبر رحیمی پورThe main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of cash flow shock and stock prices on prediction of stock price index in Tehran Stock Exchange. The study period in this study was seasonal data from the beginning of the year 2011 to the end of 2017 and th MoreThe main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of cash flow shock and stock prices on prediction of stock price index in Tehran Stock Exchange. The study period in this study was seasonal data from the beginning of the year 2011 to the end of 2017 and the number of observations for each of the variables examined is 68. To investigate the least squares and all relevant tests were used. After statistical analysis, it is concluded that there is a relationship between stock price deviation with the creation of a bubble in the stock market of Tehran. There is also a relationship between liquidity and price bubbles in the Tehran Stock Exchange. And in the study of the predictive power of the model The regression revealed that the standard deviation of the forecast in high fluctuation periods is high and the regression model introduced in times of crisis and price bubbles calculates the amount of bubbles more than its actual value. In fact, the predicted price is always in the bubble period The price is higher than real prices, and this results in more severe inflationary conditions in the financial market. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - A heterogeneous agent pricing model and simulation investor’s behavior on big decline on Tehran stock exchange
Mehdi Khoshnood Fraydoon Rahnamay RoodposhtiToday much behavioral finance researches focuses on heterogeneous agent model (HAM) and agent based modeling (ABM). The purposes of this article presentation of heterogeneous agent pricing model at big decline on Tehran stock exchange and simulation investor’s beh MoreToday much behavioral finance researches focuses on heterogeneous agent model (HAM) and agent based modeling (ABM). The purposes of this article presentation of heterogeneous agent pricing model at big decline on Tehran stock exchange and simulation investor’s behavior on agent based modeling framework with emphasis herd behavior and market sentiment. at first three big decline specified with several criterion : average of the share price indices , average value of the stock market turnover , average value of the stock market capitalization .according this three big decline are : 2005 ,2008 and 2013. Samples are the shares of companies that 40 days before and 40 days after was traded .then with MATLAB software code was writhed and simulation done. Finding show that HAM model can estimate investor’s behavior at big decline on Tehran stock exchange. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
181 - Investigating the effects of investors' sentiments on stocks valuation
Hamid Rostami Jaz Ahmad Yaghoobnezhad Yadollah TariverdiThe purpose of this study is to examine the impact of investor's sentiments and the volatilities of profits on the stock price of companies. To achieve this goal, using the data of 95 companies during the financial periods from 2011 to 2016, the effect of the investor's MoreThe purpose of this study is to examine the impact of investor's sentiments and the volatilities of profits on the stock price of companies. To achieve this goal, using the data of 95 companies during the financial periods from 2011 to 2016, the effect of the investor's sentiments and the volatilities of profits on the Expected Earnings Growth rate and required rate of return has been investigated using multiple regression model. The results of the study showed that the investor's sentiments affect the Expected Earnings Growth rate and required rate of return .The profit volatilities variable as a factor in the uncertainty of information does not have a moderating effect and does not affect the relationship between the investor's sentiments and stock prices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - Threshold effect in the relationship between investor sentiment and stock market returns: a PSTR specification
ommolbanin Dadar Ali Najafi Moghadam ali NematiInvestors Sentiment about the future of capital markets can play an effective role on the market price trend and stock return and refer to the views of investors about the future of the capital market. This paper investigates the threshold effects of Investors Sentiment MoreInvestors Sentiment about the future of capital markets can play an effective role on the market price trend and stock return and refer to the views of investors about the future of the capital market. This paper investigates the threshold effects of Investors Sentiment on stock return of firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period of 15 Years (2005-2019), with construct Investors’ Sentimen index, using Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) model. The linearity test results indicate strongly nonlinear relationship among variables under consideration. Moreover, considering one transition function and one threshold parameter, as a two regime model, is sufficient to specification of nonlinear and threshold relationship among variables.The results indicate that threshold value for this firms is 71.34 and the estimated slope parameter is 0.32. The findings of this study indicate that in the first regime, investor sentiment effect is positively activated, increasing stock returns; however when their overconfidence sentiment exceeds some threshold, this effect becomes inverse in the secend regime for a high threshold level of market confidence and investor over-optimism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
183 - compare time series stock markets and bit coin and effect markets returns with fractal approach
zahra nasire bonyad abad fatemeh samadiAt the article, the timing of the stock and futures markets and its impact on the returns of the markets using a fractal approach.Statistical analysis of the robust, unbiased statistical analysis of the return-to-full-year and full-market returns in market 4 is performe MoreAt the article, the timing of the stock and futures markets and its impact on the returns of the markets using a fractal approach.Statistical analysis of the robust, unbiased statistical analysis of the return-to-full-year and full-market returns in market 4 is performed.juan Hovanovski There is. Has been reviewed. Based on the results of the two cycles of 1397-1979, a strong market and a raw market in the time horizon.It also has a maximum of 2 times the sum of the diagram is equal to the sharp point that it has. The fluctuating amount of money also comes to a heedThe high-speed stock exchange with my fluctuations has a more vivid look at the fluctuations of the fluctuations.The value of the fluctuations in the fluctuations in the fluctuations in the fluctuations of the fluctuations in the fluctuations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
184 - Presenting an Investment Efficiency Model Based on Managers' Behavioral Biases with Emphasis on the Role of Investment Sentiment
khadijeh Rabiee Hassan Fotouhi FoshtomiToday, managers' behavioral biases play a very important role in investment and investment sentiment. Behavioral methods of managers can shape the efficiency of investment in companies. Based on this, the main goal of the current research is to provide an investment eff MoreToday, managers' behavioral biases play a very important role in investment and investment sentiment. Behavioral methods of managers can shape the efficiency of investment in companies. Based on this, the main goal of the current research is to provide an investment efficiency model based on the behavioral biases of managers, emphasizing the role of investment sentiment in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population of the research is all the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. As a sample, 143 companies were examined in the period from 2012 to 2019. Hypotheses testing was done using the combined data regression method and panel data in EViews10 software. The results obtained at the 95% confidence level using the generalized least squares method showed that overconfidence bias has a negative and significant effect on investment efficiency. Also, investment sentiment have a moderating and negative role in the relationship between overconfidence and investment efficiency. But the biases myopia, optimism and agency intuition variables have no significant effect on investment efficiency. Also, investment sentiment do not play a moderating role in the relationship between biases myopia, optimism and agency intuition with investment efficiency. Based on the results, it can be said that based on behavioral financial principles, the increase in investors' desire to invest in a company increases the overconfidence of managers, and they invest based on their feelings, which ultimately reduces investment efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - The Effect of Uncertainty of Macroeconomic Indices on Tehran Stock Exchange Returns with the Approach of Randomized Fluctuations Models with Time Variations
Samaneh Tarighi Taghi Torabi Farhad Ghaffari Abbas MemarnezhadOne of the most important tasks of the financial economy is modeling and forecasting of the price volatility of risky assets. For analysts and policymakers, price volatility is a key variable that helps to understand market fluctuations. Therefore, the analysts need to MoreOne of the most important tasks of the financial economy is modeling and forecasting of the price volatility of risky assets. For analysts and policymakers, price volatility is a key variable that helps to understand market fluctuations. Therefore, the analysts need to be able to predict the correctness of price volatility as an essential input for tasks such as risk management, portfolio assignment, value at risk and transaction option pricing and future contracts. Accordingly, in the present research, return on stocks of Tehran Stock Exchange has been dealt with using PLS and TVP-SV models and its comparison with OLS method in MATLAB and XLSTAT software from March 2003 till August 2013 (monthly) using true variables (industrial output, real estate investment in housing, economic growth, government spending share in GDP and Non-oil exports growth rate) and monetary variables (inflation, money supply, exchange rate, oil price and domestic price of gold). Based on PLS model, the result was that the variables of economic growth and oil price have more influence of return of Tehran Stock Exchange in comparison with other variables. Then, we entered the variables of economic growth and oil price in TVP-SV model. Based on the results, TVP-SV model has more efficiency in comparison with OLS model. Based on the results of TVP-SV model after the first interruption of stock returns, the economic growth has the highest effect on stock returns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - Testing investment strategies based on behavioral finance
Hashem Nikoomaram Ali Saeedi Kiarash MehraniThis study has tested momentum and reverse investment strategies in a behavioral finance framework, based on various optimistic, pessimistic and normal market sentiments. At the first step, sentiment Index by means of ARMS Adjusted Trading Index was measured. Then, maki MoreThis study has tested momentum and reverse investment strategies in a behavioral finance framework, based on various optimistic, pessimistic and normal market sentiments. At the first step, sentiment Index by means of ARMS Adjusted Trading Index was measured. Then, making use of portfolio analysis, we formed portfolios for 1 month and 3 month periods based on momentum and reverse strategies. Portfolios classification was done based on volatility factor in various behavioral periods. Then returns of different portfolios and strategies was tested by a probit model in different market sentiments (i.e. optimism, pessimism and normal) Finding of the study reveal that in a normal market sentiment, most of behavioral finance strategies has been successful in terms of return. Moreover, reverse strategies have shown higher efficiency in a normal market state, compared to a momentum strategies. It was surprising when we found that both in a pessimistic and optimistic period, not only any excess return was experienced, but also mostly lead to loss. In short term, momentum portfolios produced higher return than reverse ones. Unit root test proved stationary of the sentiment. Since the market was found to be non-stochastic, we conclude stock market inefficiency. We found in a VAR model framework that optimism is a one-way Granger Couse of stock return, furthermore stock return is a one-way Granger Couse of pessimism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - Investor sentiment under representativeness heuristic: The case of Tehran Stock Exchange
Mehdi Rezayati Kazem Chavoshi Mohsen Sohrabi araghiToo many researches, in spite of standard finance show that investors are not completely rational and investor sentiment plays a key role in prediction of their behavior. Behavioral finance claims that agents, under the psychological phenomena's, deviate from rational b MoreToo many researches, in spite of standard finance show that investors are not completely rational and investor sentiment plays a key role in prediction of their behavior. Behavioral finance claims that agents, under the psychological phenomena's, deviate from rational behavior. In this research we have investigated the effects of unexpected earnings on investor sentiment, under the representativeness heuristics phenomena. Investor sentiment is measured by ARMS index and the research methodology is based on Granger causality test and also event study. Data's are market and accounting data of Tehran stock exchange listed companies, between the years 2001 to 2013. Results indicate that investor sentiment is predictable by past unexpected earning's. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - Evaluating the Sequrity Selection Skill and Market timing Ability of Iranian Mutual Fund Managers
Hashem Nikoomaram Azadeh FarahaniThis study intends to examine the security selection abilities and market timing abilities of Fund Managers in Iran by evaluating the performance of 5 mutual funds ranging in the period from the beginning of 1389 until the end of 1393. The models used to judge stock sel MoreThis study intends to examine the security selection abilities and market timing abilities of Fund Managers in Iran by evaluating the performance of 5 mutual funds ranging in the period from the beginning of 1389 until the end of 1393. The models used to judge stock selection skills are Jensen (Single Factor) and Carhart (4 Factor). Market timing ability is evaluated using the Augmented Treynor- Mauzey Model. To test the hypothesis of time series data regression is used. The results showed that among research topic funds, according to the single factor model (jensen’s measure), only in one fund it also at a confidence level of 90%, security selection to be seen as significant, and in confidence level of 95%, security selection not significant in any case. according to the 4-factor Carhart model, only in one fund it also at a confidence level of 93%, security selection to be seen as significant, and in confidence level of 95%, security selection not significant in any case. Market timing in 4 of 5 samples was found to significantly that unfortunately every 4 cases were negative. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - Fama and French Three-factor Model and Liquidity Risk: Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange Market
Gholamreza Islami Bidgoli Azam HonardoostOne of the main criteria for deciding on stock exchange market is stock return. Stock return includes information content and most actual and potential investors in financial analysis and forecasts use it. Many studies have been conducted about the relationship between MoreOne of the main criteria for deciding on stock exchange market is stock return. Stock return includes information content and most actual and potential investors in financial analysis and forecasts use it. Many studies have been conducted about the relationship between risk and return. The three-factor model of Fama and French is one of the most important models. In this paper we consider Fama and French three-factor model augmented by the Pastor and Stambaugh (2003) market liquidity risk factor. Then it is compared with three-factor model of Fama and French. Unlike most previous studies, in this model, stock level beta is allowed to vary with firm-level size and book-to-market ratio. We use monthly time series data for sample companies of Tehran stock exchange market for the period 1380 to 1389, and evaluate them by using Eviews software by panel method. The results show the effects of excess market return, firm size and book-to-market ratio is significant and the effect of market liquidity factor is insignificant. Also the market beta is only a function of size variable. Finally we find that market liquidity factor of Pastor and Stambaugh and the time variation in the market beta increase the explanatory power of Fama and French three-factor model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Correlation Analysis of Stock Exchange Index, Oil price, Exchange Rate and Gold price: A Wavelet Decomposition Method
Nima Pazoki Akram Hamidian Shapour Mohammadi Vahid MahmoudiOne of the important issues in the financial markets topic is the relation between the prices of valuable commodities like oil and gold and the various exchange rates. Wavelets are mathematical functions for analyzing the time series into their components in various tim MoreOne of the important issues in the financial markets topic is the relation between the prices of valuable commodities like oil and gold and the various exchange rates. Wavelets are mathematical functions for analyzing the time series into their components in various time scales. In this paper firstly the time series of oil price, various exchange rate & gold price are analysis to their components in various time scales by wavelet transform and then the correlation between these components are studied. The results showed that the correlation between these variants are different in the various time scales and also is different from the direct correlation of them. In the case that the direct correlation between the variants is not meaningful we can get valuable correlation in various time scales. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - The Investigation of the Role of Momentum and Investors' Sentiments on the Herding Behavior in Tehran Stock Exchange
Afsaneh Soroushyar Saied Ali AhmadiIn two recent decades, the investigation of herding behavior takes into consideration of many researchers. But a little research has done about the factors influence this phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of momentum, investors' sentiments MoreIn two recent decades, the investigation of herding behavior takes into consideration of many researchers. But a little research has done about the factors influence this phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of momentum, investors' sentiments and firm size on the herding behavior in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, daily returns of market and firms for the period of 2001 to 2014 are used. In order to testing the research hypothesis multiple regression analysis and time series data are used. Furthermore, Granger causality tests for studying the Causal relationship between investor sentiments and herding behavior is used.The research results indicate that investors' sentiments significantly effect on herding behavior. Granger causality tests support this result. But there are not any evidences about the influence of momentum and firm size on the herding behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Forecasting Tehran’s bourse price index using return-based fuzzy time series
Farid Radmehr Naser Shams GharnehDuring the recent years extensive researches have been done on fuzzy time series. In many of these studies, universe of discourse and relevant intervals have been determined based on levels of price or data; in this study a new type of universe of discourse is establish MoreDuring the recent years extensive researches have been done on fuzzy time series. In many of these studies, universe of discourse and relevant intervals have been determined based on levels of price or data; in this study a new type of universe of discourse is established based on rate of return concept in financial markets. Another point that has a significant effect on the performance of fuzzy time series models is the length of intervals, therefore doing research in this area became an interesting topic for time series researchers, there are some studies on this issue but their results are not good enough. So we propose a novel simulated annealing heuristic algorithm that is used to promote the accuracy of forecasting. The experimental results show that proposed model (RBFTS) is more accurate than existing models on forecasting Alabama university enrollments data. At the final step, Tehran’s bourse price index (TEPIX) is used as a case study for forecasting. The obtained results indicate a good forecasting performance on this test problem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - The Investigating of Exchange Rate Volatility Impact on Stock Market Price Efficiency and Optimization of Investment Portfolio
Ashban Hassani Elnaz EntezarCurrent research; meanwhile investigation of relationship between market currency fluctuations and chemical product industries stock returns, study optimize investment portfolio consisting of selected industries. So; multivariate heterogeneous variance models (CDCC), we MoreCurrent research; meanwhile investigation of relationship between market currency fluctuations and chemical product industries stock returns, study optimize investment portfolio consisting of selected industries. So; multivariate heterogeneous variance models (CDCC), were used in Variance-Covariance with variable-time condition for estimation daily data output and also stock-variable index was used for basic metals and chemical product industries share index daily data output estimation during 1387 Azar month to 1394 shahrivar month. Also, in order to study impulse response functions, selected shares to market currency rate shocks; Var model was applied. Then, investment portfolio optimization was done with minimization portfolio risk according to Markowitz portfolio theory. Optimal stock weights were specified during time. Results show significant relationship between exchange rate fluctuations and studied industries stock returns. Also stocks immediate and weak reactions to created shocks in exchange rate are strengths for most diverse and most optimal portfolio selection. In optimization results; more weight of investment portfolio during time relates to stocks which themselves output fluctuations have been declining over time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - Investigate the relationship between investor sentiment, courage in predicting dividends and future corporate performance
Reza Gholami Jamkarani Zahra Akbari Masoud BakhtiariThe purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between investor sentiment, courage in predicting dividends and future performance of the company in Tehran Stock Exchange. The research is applied from the direction of the target, and, depending on the ty MoreThe purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between investor sentiment, courage in predicting dividends and future performance of the company in Tehran Stock Exchange. The research is applied from the direction of the target, and, depending on the type of research project, relying on historical information, then the event. The method of research inference is inductive and correlation type and consists of 3 hypotheses. The research community is the accepted companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for a period of 5 years. To document the results of statistical analysis and provide final solutions, the researcher used a statistical method using Eviews software to analyze the questions and hypotheses. The research was conducted using regression Compound linear and F and t tests. The results of the test of research hypotheses showed that investor's feelings on courage affect the prediction of dividends and company growth, but not affect future returns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - The Effect of Investors Sentiment and Free Float on Stock return in TSE Listed Companies by Using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM)
ommolbanin Dadar seyedeh mahboobeh jafariThis paper analyses the effects of investor sentiment and Free Float on stock price, based on Stock return. This study Uses data from firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange over a period of 6 Years (2010-2016)and constructs investors' Sentiment Index and examines investo MoreThis paper analyses the effects of investor sentiment and Free Float on stock price, based on Stock return. This study Uses data from firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange over a period of 6 Years (2010-2016)and constructs investors' Sentiment Index and examines investors' sentiment effect on Stock return. Based on current expectations, when the free float is more, more deals done and consequently the share price volatility will also increase. Shareholders expect more profits from stocks which have more free floats. In this study, in order to increase the degree of confidence in the results, has been used Dynamic Panel method and estimation of the equation generalized moments (GMM).The findings of this study indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between investor sentiment and free float stocks and stock returns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - Constrained Non-Renewable Resource Allocation in Metagraphs with Discrete Random Times
N. Akhoundi Shiviyari S. S. Hashemin -
Open Access Article
197 - روش تقریبی برای حل معادله دیفرانسیل کسری انتقال پراکندگی
اسماعیل بابلیان محمد ادبی تبارفیروزجا ذهرام عاقلیدر این کار تحقیقاتی، نشان داده شده است که می توان از روش تبدیل فازی (FTM) برای حل تقریبی معادله دیفرانسیل کسری انتقال پراکندگی (STFADE) استفاده کرد. مشتقات کسری از نوع کاپوتو در نظر گرفته شده اند. در روشهای عددی، برای تقریب یک تابع در یک بازه خاص ، فقط از تعداد مح Moreدر این کار تحقیقاتی، نشان داده شده است که می توان از روش تبدیل فازی (FTM) برای حل تقریبی معادله دیفرانسیل کسری انتقال پراکندگی (STFADE) استفاده کرد. مشتقات کسری از نوع کاپوتو در نظر گرفته شده اند. در روشهای عددی، برای تقریب یک تابع در یک بازه خاص ، فقط از تعداد محدودی از نقاط استفاده می شود. با این حال ، چیزی که تبدیل فازی را بر سایر روشها ترجیح می دهد این است که از تمام نقاط در بازه استفاده می کند. نتایج عددی بدست آمده نشان می دهد که الگوریتم پیشنهادی راه حل تقریبی بسیار خوبی ارائه می دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - بهبودی بر الگوریتم هم مکانی برای حل مسائل دارای شرایط اولیه
مهران نیکآریا سعید سرآباداندر این مقاله یک نسخه بهبودیافته از روش هم مکانی برای حل معادلات دیفرانسیل معمولی با شرایط اولیه ارائه شده است. الگوریتم پیشنهادی ما در این مقاله بر روی برخی از مسائل شرایط اولیه معروف بکار برده شده است. نتایج بدست آمده از این الگوریتم با نتایج حاصل از الگوریتمهای Moreدر این مقاله یک نسخه بهبودیافته از روش هم مکانی برای حل معادلات دیفرانسیل معمولی با شرایط اولیه ارائه شده است. الگوریتم پیشنهادی ما در این مقاله بر روی برخی از مسائل شرایط اولیه معروف بکار برده شده است. نتایج بدست آمده از این الگوریتم با نتایج حاصل از الگوریتمهایهم مکانی معمولی مقایسه شده است و نتایج این مقایسه مزایا، سرعت، دقت و کارایی روش پیشنهادی را به خوبی نشان میدهد. بر اساس نتایج عددی، الگوریتم پیشنهادی از دقت و زمان اجرای بهتری نسبت به الگوریتم متداول برخوردار است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Determining the Best Performance Time Period of a System
A. Dehnokhalaji N. Nasrabadi N. A. Kiani -
Open Access Article
200 - Mathematical modelling of Sisko fluid flow through a stenosed artery
AR. ‎Haghighi‎ S. Asadi ‎chalak‎ -
Open Access Article
201 - Comparison of Neural Network Models, Vector Auto Regression (VAR), Bayesian Vector-Autoregressive (BVAR), Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) Process and Time Series in Forecasting Inflation in Iran
M. Pendar M. Haji -
Open Access Article
202 - Pseudoconvex Multiobjective Continuous-time Problems and Vector Variational Inequalities
E. ‎Khakrah‎ A. R. Razani M. Oveisiha‎ -
Open Access Article
203 - Identification of Agricultural Land Types in Abbas Plain Using Time Series Analysis of Sentinel 2 Satellite Imagery
Mahdi Rezaei Hosein Agha mhammadi zanjir abad Zahra Azizi Alireza Vafaee nejhad Saeid BehzadiBackground and Objective: Agricultural land is a crucial source of fresh water, with semi-deep and deep wells serving as the primary water supply for irrigated lands. Effective management and monitoring of these lands is essential for sustainable water consumption. Howe MoreBackground and Objective: Agricultural land is a crucial source of fresh water, with semi-deep and deep wells serving as the primary water supply for irrigated lands. Effective management and monitoring of these lands is essential for sustainable water consumption. However, identifying unlicensed agricultural wells among licensed ones through land visits can be challenging due to various factors such as the large number of lands, weather conditions, and difficult access to remote areas. Material and Methodology: Remote sensing and geographic information systems can provide a quick and highly accurate solution for discovering and monitoring these lands. In this study, we utilized the NDVI index and time series data set of Sentinel 2 images (bands 4 and 8) for March, April, and May to classify a portion of Abbas Dehlran plain's lands in the water year 2022 using the SVM method. We validated our results using cadastre data. Findings: Our classification accuracy based on cadastre maps was 98.4% for irrigated lands and 86.7% for rainfed lands, indicating high accuracy in identifying different types of agricultural land. Discussion and Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that time series algorithms applied to satellite images can effectively identify illegal irrigated lands along with their corresponding water supply wells by evaluating results based on existing land cadastres in the region. This approach can help improve management practices for sustainable water consumption in agricultural areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - The Significance of Fictional Spaces in Persian and Syrian Maritime Literature (The Novels Ahl-e Ghargh by Moniro Ravanipour and Al-Shera va Al-Asifa by Hanna Mina: A Case Study)
robabeh ramezani GHader ParizStories with settings of the sea, the port, and the island are considered maritime literature.The sea is one of the outstanding concepts in Persian and Syrian literature.In the current study,Moniro Ravanipour from Iran and Hanna Mina fromSyria represent maritime literat MoreStories with settings of the sea, the port, and the island are considered maritime literature.The sea is one of the outstanding concepts in Persian and Syrian literature.In the current study,Moniro Ravanipour from Iran and Hanna Mina fromSyria represent maritime literature in modern fiction writing.It is worth mentioning that novels in the maritime literature domain often seek to bring about change,and,as a result of the deep and unknown nature of the sea,call for radical change and emphasize the socio-political struggles of the people.In these novels,sailors or fishermen and the people of port cities and villages symbolize the masses.This study aims to introduce, analyze,and elaborate on these two novels written in the field of maritime literature:the novelAhl-e Ghargh(The Drowned)by Moniro Ravanipour and the novelAl-Shera va Al-Asifa(The Sail and the Storm).Ahl-e Ghargh refers to the people’s social changes in Jofreh village in Bushehr,Iran and illustrates their transition from rural simplicity and traditional beliefs to a modern and industrial society,considering the notion of tradition and modernism as contradictory.Moreover,the novelAl-Shera vaAl-Asifa by Hanna Mina is concerned about the evolution of theSyrian society from ignorance and submission to a warrior and well-informed society.Employing the a descriptive-analytical methodology.this research explores the impact of space on characters, the element of myth-making(mythopoeia),and the representation of rituals and customs in these two novels.Observing different elements of the story with an eye to the settings,this research finds the search for profound and fundamental change and the relationship of setting and all elements of the story as prominent characteristics of maritime novels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - Comparative Study of the Philosophical Concept of Time in Literature
Kian Pishkar Nooshin NaseryMay be it is not so meaningful disregarding philosophical meanings and concepts of time as Heidegger, Sartre, Schopenhauer and some others considered, but its concepts can meaningful and attractive without its philosophical frame. Is it possible to live without consider MoreMay be it is not so meaningful disregarding philosophical meanings and concepts of time as Heidegger, Sartre, Schopenhauer and some others considered, but its concepts can meaningful and attractive without its philosophical frame. Is it possible to live without considering what is called limitation of Time? If we put aside the time frames (past, present and future) or we combine then in literature, can we achieve new areas and concepts in literary criticism and new understanding in Man’s attempt to get rid of the concept of the time? This article tries to study the several different Iranian and western playwrights, poets’ and novelists’ ideas about the time without considering its philosophical ground. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - Seizing the Opportunity in Saadi's Golestan & Boustan and Comparison to Nahj al-Balagha
Hossein Ali Mousa Zadeh Seyyed Mahmoud Seyyed Sadeqi Seyyed Jafar HamidiThe present literary research studies seizing the opportunity. The subject which is of special importance from theorists and psychologist by choosing another name: time management. Saadi is well – known of his ethical advises. In accordance with the results of the MoreThe present literary research studies seizing the opportunity. The subject which is of special importance from theorists and psychologist by choosing another name: time management. Saadi is well – known of his ethical advises. In accordance with the results of the present paper, he paid special attention to seizing the opportunity in his Golestan & Boustan and knows it as an essential to enjoy the eternal and mortal life. This paper attempts to compare Saadi's point of view with Imam Ali and describe it with today's successful psychologists' logic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
207 - A Research in Semantics Evaluation
Mir Jalaleddin KazzaziPartial linguistics is one of the lingUistics' branches. This knowledge _ as understood of its name _ is to evaluate different languages; though semantics evaluation is also one of the liguistics evaluation's sub branches and that is studying words semantic chains in tw MorePartial linguistics is one of the lingUistics' branches. This knowledge _ as understood of its name _ is to evaluate different languages; though semantics evaluation is also one of the liguistics evaluation's sub branches and that is studying words semantic chains in two languages and showing the words semantic function in long term. The present article is a study to show this branch of knowledge. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - TIME (AGE), WISDOM AND IGNORANCE FROM THE VIEWPOINTS OF NASSER KHOSRO QOBADIANI AND AHMAD SHOGHI
Mohammad Goodarzi Mohammad Reza SaakiNasser Khosro Qobadiania Persian poet, philosopher, scholar and atraveler was born in Qubadyan, a village in middle-age Bactria (modern day Balkh and died in Yamagan, a village in Badakhshan province. He is considered as one of the great poets and writers in Persia MoreNasser Khosro Qobadiania Persian poet, philosopher, scholar and atraveler was born in Qubadyan, a village in middle-age Bactria (modern day Balkh and died in Yamagan, a village in Badakhshan province. He is considered as one of the great poets and writers in Persian literature, the Safarnama, an account of his travels, being his most famous work. Ahmad Shoghiwas is the great Arabic Poet-Laureate, an Egyptian poet and dramatist who pioneered the modern Egyptian literary movement, most notably introducing the genre of poetic epics to the Arabic literary tradition. Although Nasser Khosro Qobadiani and Ahmad Shoghi have lived in times and places far away from each other and belong to two different cultures and civilizations, they have very similar themes in their works. The present article compares their works on time (age), wisdom and Ignorance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
209 - Comparative Study of the Movie "Mum's Guest" Based on Gérard Genette's Theory
Ehsan AvaniThe story contains two main factors can be seen in all stories: the narration and the narrator and consider as the nature of each story. Gérard Genette – affected by Russian formalists – knows the story as a real form; thus he could offer an analysis MoreThe story contains two main factors can be seen in all stories: the narration and the narrator and consider as the nature of each story. Gérard Genette – affected by Russian formalists – knows the story as a real form; thus he could offer an analysis for all chronicle events and narrations and found the story format and theme by applying time and changes in story lines. He introduces the theory of time in narration based on three factors: regulation, continuity and frequency; he also considers the narrative science based on the story relations and the context especially time and aspect which are combination of narrative structure and transtextuality theory – it generally is the relationship of one text in another. The credit of the movie also is emphasized in the research as one of the 5 transtextuality samples. The article studies the narration techniques from Gérard Genette' viewpoint in one hand and the movie "Mum's Guest" on the other hand as the most important applied techniques. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - Principles of Time Management and its Pathology in the Divan of Bahar
Haniyeh Taherloo Kamran Pashaei Fakhri Parvaneh AdelzadehTaking advantage of life and achieving success are among the main goals of human beings. One of the most important steps in this direction is to master time and manage it properly, and human beings move towards perfection until they reach the source by going throug MoreTaking advantage of life and achieving success are among the main goals of human beings. One of the most important steps in this direction is to master time and manage it properly, and human beings move towards perfection until they reach the source by going through the poisons of life (wasting time) along the way. The result is that if one knows the value of time, one knows the value of life. What is being retrieved and reviewed in the present article is the optimal way to use time and its harmful factors in Bahar's poetries. Poetries that emphasize the transience of life and the grabbing the moments; this shows the importance of the mentioned subject as well as its necessity. The research sources are written references and the method is descriptive – research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
211 - An Analysis on Time and Place Role in Permissibility and Impermissibility of Polygamy from the Verses and Hadiths’ Viewpoint
Reza Asgari Mahmoud Ghayoum Zadeh Khaleqi Abbas Ali HeidariHuman economic development and fundamental changes that have taken place in the human social system, necessitate the need for changes and development to be in the correct culture balance according to the time and place. in other words; fundamental changes have taken pla MoreHuman economic development and fundamental changes that have taken place in the human social system, necessitate the need for changes and development to be in the correct culture balance according to the time and place. in other words; fundamental changes have taken place both in human relations with nature as well as in human social relations with each other. Polygamy is the issue which special attention has been paid to based on the conditions and circumstances Islamic law amongst all cases in the field of family laws. According to the present research in which the applied method is descriptive – analytical, with the aim of investigating the role of time and place in the permissibility and impermissibility of polygamy from the Verses and hadiths perspective, this result can be stated that: in creation religious rulings, it is necessary to consider the requirements of time and place, the expediency, corruptions and interests of the people of the society. The effect of time and place in ijtihad is in the direction of changing the subjects of the social rules of Islam, and if changes are made in the subjects of the rules as a result of circumstances and expediency, including polygamy, its rules will be forcibly changed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
212 - The investigation and analysis of the narration time in the story of Moses (PBUH) from the perspective of Gérard Genette's theory based on the Quran
faramarz talaei mohammad farahmand sarabi vododo valizadeh faramarz jalalatAbstract The narration is one of the basic and primary aspects of any storytelling in which objects, places, and static aspects of the story and characters are represented. One of the components of narration is the issue of time, which has been the focus of various narr MoreAbstract The narration is one of the basic and primary aspects of any storytelling in which objects, places, and static aspects of the story and characters are represented. One of the components of narration is the issue of time, which has been the focus of various narratologists. French structuralist Gérard Genette is one of the most prominent theorists in this field. In addition to mood and voice, he considered the time and anachronism of the narration to be the most important components of the narration of the story in order to convey the message quickly and effectively. Considering the importance of this issue in the narrations of the Holy Quran, the present research has tried to point to the narrative theory of Genette through the descriptive-analytical method as well as the narrative time of the story of Moses (PBUH), which is one of the most prominent stories in the Quran. The result of this research indicates that although more of the techniques of the anachronistic (i.e., order, duality, and frequency) are used, through retrospect in the story the dominant aspect of the anachronistic is the frequency of a repeated type, and in the duality, it has mostly been with the state of deletion or summary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
213 - Meaning Extensibility in the Interpretation of the Holy Quran
Tahmineh Parsaee Seyyed Mohammadali Ayazi"The meaning extension of the Quranic words " is of interpretation methodsof the Holy Quran inwhich the interpreter tries to use all meaning capacity of words, andinterpreted in accordance with the requirement of the present day and age. This method has m More"The meaning extension of the Quranic words " is of interpretation methodsof the Holy Quran inwhich the interpreter tries to use all meaning capacity of words, andinterpreted in accordance with the requirement of the present day and age. This method has mostly found in scientific, social, philosophical and mystic interpretationsand expresses one of themiracle dimensions of the Qur'an.However, this method may representthemeanings of the terms that were not understood in the era of descending of the Quran;so, it has proponents and opponents. However, opponents cannot be placed in a category,among their common reasons we can mention thenecessity to understand the meanings of the Qur'an to the people of the time of revelation, the disagreement of this method with the rhetoric and eloquence of the Qur'an and its directional- educative purposes, the nonapplication of this method in the practice of the Companions of the Prophet, and the gradualchange of the extentionof the meaning to the evolution of the meaning.This article tries to explain these evidences and analysis them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - Visual effects artist The stories of the Qur'an
Mehdi Vahidi motlagh Seyyed Reza * Mousavi Meysam TaramThe purpose of this study is to show the stories of the Qur'an. Most of the stories in the Qur'an, known in the art of modern literary fiction, somewhat analysis and evaluation. In fiction today, and following design elements such as color, event, character, said-dialog MoreThe purpose of this study is to show the stories of the Qur'an. Most of the stories in the Qur'an, known in the art of modern literary fiction, somewhat analysis and evaluation. In fiction today, and following design elements such as color, event, character, said-dialogue, narration, scene, there are other viewpoints and themes constituting the structure and content of a story. "Character element" role in the stories of the Quran, one of the major axes of the story is considered. The characters and story, according to the message and purpose of the chapter, coordinated manner with the other story elements play their roles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - Analysis of the reflection of the culture of the times in the Quran thought
Mohammad kazem rahman setayesh Seyyed Mohsen khalili nejad Sadegh sheikhlooConcurrent with the development of science and technology in society, also in humanities science, thoughts and ideas are introduced, particularly in the field of theology and quality of revelation and religious texts. The number of Muslim scholars to the inf MoreConcurrent with the development of science and technology in society, also in humanities science, thoughts and ideas are introduced, particularly in the field of theology and quality of revelation and religious texts. The number of Muslim scholars to the influence of Jewish and Christian scholars had mistake and climb their way, and the work they have done with the distorted book, they do whit Qur'an that is away of any alteration, and God glorified guarantees its distortion invariance and the muslims to maintenance of it have made sacrifices. The present study intends to -as much as possible- induct the theory of reflections of time culture, and bring up its doubts and answer to them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - God's swear on the time in holy Quran
Zeinab Torabi Ali Fallah Mohammad LabafchiScientific and cultural look to the holy Quran, as a noble vision and influenced by the pure Islamic culture, is a valuable approach that by granting religious insight and attitude to the Quran commentators and scholars, intends to make clear the differen MoreScientific and cultural look to the holy Quran, as a noble vision and influenced by the pure Islamic culture, is a valuable approach that by granting religious insight and attitude to the Quran commentators and scholars, intends to make clear the different perspectives of God's divine messages to all followers of Islamic culture and studies. Investigation into the verses from the Quran that involved the God's swear by the various parts is what will be addressed in this essay. The present article aims to investigate and explicate one of the informative aspects of the Quran that involves the cautionary swear of God on the different instances of time. This article which includes: God's swear on the evening, swear on the morning, swear on the day, swear on the dawn and swear on the night, is based on different parts of the boarding divisions or time of sunrise and sunset. Finally, the God's swear by the doomsday has been studied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - Time Management and Leisure Time of Students in Dormitory According to Quranic Learnings
Fahimeh MohammadpoorConsidering the importance of dormitories is within the scope of the social tasks of education, and that students spend much of their time outside the classroom and in their dormitories, this situation can be one of the best potentials for productivity. Relying on Islam MoreConsidering the importance of dormitories is within the scope of the social tasks of education, and that students spend much of their time outside the classroom and in their dormitories, this situation can be one of the best potentials for productivity. Relying on Islamic verses and hadiths, it is possible to obtain numerous and correct sources for spending leisure time, which are effective and useful for both the individual and society. Among the ways to spend leisure time according to Islamic sources and Quranic verses and hadiths and in line with time management in students, is worshiping God, reading books, sports, tourism, political activity and discussion. Thus, students, especially dormitory students, are different from others in terms of lifestyle, time spent. Therefore, by relying on these principles and considering the type and way of life of dormitory students, as potential forces for the growth and excellence of society, it is possible to help the progress and excellence of society by properly managing their leisure time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - Analysis of narrative time and its paradoxes in the book "Days" by Taha Hossein
Reyhaneh YazdiIn the contemporary period, narratological research has been developed with various forms and goals. This science, which began with Propp in books "The Morphology of Narrative" and "The Tales of Fairies", achieved great progresses with the writings of theorists such as MoreIn the contemporary period, narratological research has been developed with various forms and goals. This science, which began with Propp in books "The Morphology of Narrative" and "The Tales of Fairies", achieved great progresses with the writings of theorists such as Grimas, Gerard Genette, and Todorov. One of the most important theories that analyze the structure of the text or novel according to the school of structuralism is the theory of three components of the narrative of Gerard Genette, which are the time of narration, the structure of narrative and the plot of narrative. Regarding the first component, which is the time of the story, it should be said that the novel or any other narrative structure has time in the heart of the characters and the narration of events. Time is like the main discipline of the novel, which advances it and gives it the character of influence and drama. Gerard Genette in his theory reveals this time game and its techniques. The present study tries to examine these techniques in Taha Hussein's novel or autobiography, the book "Days". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - aComparison of Object in Arabic & Persian Languages
سیده رقیه مهرینژادThe language grammar is a group of rules which is done on words, sentences, phrases, letters and semantics. In the other word they are the rules that have been founded by the linguists and the language learners would learn it for a better understanding of writings and w MoreThe language grammar is a group of rules which is done on words, sentences, phrases, letters and semantics. In the other word they are the rules that have been founded by the linguists and the language learners would learn it for a better understanding of writings and words. Generally the grammar is divided into two groups: Syntax (words recognition) and Semantics (phrase recognition); these two together create the language. Arabic Syntax and Semantics are equal to the Persian grammar. The present article studies the time and place adverbs in both Persian & Arabic languages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Time – Place Semiotics in Badr Shakir Al Sayyab Poetry
Mohammad Shayegani Mehr Razi Boo OzarThe present article intends to study Badr Shakir Al Sayyab Poetries in descriptive – analytical method by place semiotics which is paid attention by linguists. The outcome is that the study of place semiotics assists us to find the place beauties in Sayyab Poetrie MoreThe present article intends to study Badr Shakir Al Sayyab Poetries in descriptive – analytical method by place semiotics which is paid attention by linguists. The outcome is that the study of place semiotics assists us to find the place beauties in Sayyab Poetries and discover the hidden treasures inside his poetry by the cities and villages he met his beloved. This article has been done based on Badr Shakir Al Sayyab Poetries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - Place and time in the novel "The hurricanes in the land of Al Sham"
Hassan Shavandi Zahra Mahmood EsfahaniThe Syrian writer Nadia Khost, captured the embers of creativity and painted it with ability and anecdote. Then she provided to her stories, sensitivity of the unique that made her one of the authoresses of that the Arab Writers Union is proud of their membership. So MoreThe Syrian writer Nadia Khost, captured the embers of creativity and painted it with ability and anecdote. Then she provided to her stories, sensitivity of the unique that made her one of the authoresses of that the Arab Writers Union is proud of their membership. So Nadia Khost smells the scent of the land of Al Sham, and her camphire isn't only Damascene. Location played a functionally clear role in the Palestinian narrative and associated with the stages Arab-Zionist conflict.We note the existence of two types of place in the Syrian novel that are: closed place and open place and each has characteristics and features that reflect the intellectual and psychological nature of the personality in which she lives.Palestinians novelists have the awareness of big importance for the time and this comes back to retrieve events that have occurred in the past. Or on the contrary, of that jumps forward to anticipate what is coming, or unexpected events. The following research examines the reality of the novel and the most important issues, concepts and ideas which they covered in this regard and then it studies the novel technically, then it stands on its relationship with narrative components: Place and time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - Importance of time in the story of the Qur'an from the perspective of modern fiction Criticism
Mazhar Moghaddamifar Homeyra HamidiThe importance of this subject returns to God deposited with man an inherent sense of time. And Koran gave great importance to the time, and most acts of worship in Islamic law have been associated with specific and fixed time-bounds such as prayer, fasti MoreThe importance of this subject returns to God deposited with man an inherent sense of time. And Koran gave great importance to the time, and most acts of worship in Islamic law have been associated with specific and fixed time-bounds such as prayer, fasting and pilgrimage, so that their performance can only be achieved through a commitment to its times up to day, month and year. And on this basis, human has needed to record the time so that he relies on its assessment and organization of the conditions of his material and moral life, so he was directed to record the time after a hard and long research, because years and their parts need a natural phenomenon, so that man focuses on it in programming his times. And it is clear that the natural calendars the one that supports the sun and the moon to calculate the time as he said: "He it is Who created the night and day and the sun and the moon, all travel along swiftly in their celestial spheres."(The Prophets Sura,33) And according to the Quranic stories that great men in the history were who knew the time and its value and who were prophet sent for this, we find that the prophets are the pioneers of the people in these four areas, in faith and science, and in good deeds, and in calling people to Allah, and in the patience to harm in calling to Allah, and these gainers are the winners in this world and the Hereafter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
223 - خصوصیات پاسخهای ایمنی القاء شده ناشی از واکسن زنده تخفیف حدت یافته آبله بزی سویه گرگان بر علیه بیماری لمپی اسکین در گاو
رضا نوریان ناهیده افضل آهنگران حمید رضا ورشوی عباس آزادمهر -
Open Access Article
224 - مطالعه اثر بازدارندگی اسانس مرزه بختیاری و مرزه خوزستانی بر بیان ژن کپسول (epsD) باکتری لاکتوکوکوس گارویه با استفاده از Real Time PCR
حسین مومنی مهدی رئیسی حاجیه قاسمیان صفایی حسن ممتاز -
Open Access Article
225 - The Time Sharing, Nature and its Effects of the View of Jurisprudent
حمید واحدی محمد مهدی احمدیAbstractA newly developed legal body is timesharing not a long since the emergence of which not a long period has elapsed. It has been prevailing in our country for a few years now. Subject matter of this thesis is the evaluation of this new legal body from the viewpoin MoreAbstractA newly developed legal body is timesharing not a long since the emergence of which not a long period has elapsed. It has been prevailing in our country for a few years now. Subject matter of this thesis is the evaluation of this new legal body from the viewpoints Of law and religious jurisprudence. The present research is an effort for the acquisition Of as precise understanding and knowledge as possible on this new legal body by marking an elaboration into the fundamentals and nature of this new legal body identifying its various kinds, and its conformity to the specified contracts defined by Religious jurisprudence and case law and with unspecified contracts. According to studies, this conclusion is drawn Overall, the studies showed that Different types of time-sharing With some specific contracts or accepted uncertainty in The law is applicable . time-sharing is Shared ownership sale and Peace applicableAlso it can be made under the terms of a contract of non-specified contractsOf course given the long history of mahayat in feghh of iran and more compatible with the legal culture and our regigion.Condominium sales on mahayat condition seemed better Time sharing credit can be awarded in the rorm settled Key words: Temporary ownership(Timesharing), Contract of sale, Lease contract, association contract. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - The effect of psychologist of school developmental crime prevention(with emphasis of Islamic teachings)
shahrdad darabi mahdieh pakravan naminThe desirable effects of crime prevention strategy to punishment in countries that benefit from a fair and efficient criminal policy seeks to eliminate the factors creating the offense or intervention in precriminal situational , has led to proactive response in crimina MoreThe desirable effects of crime prevention strategy to punishment in countries that benefit from a fair and efficient criminal policy seeks to eliminate the factors creating the offense or intervention in precriminal situational , has led to proactive response in criminal policy of governments is prioreties and have relative support. However although on the one hand welcomed by increasing government of crime prevention models ,But on the other hand the need to protect the fundamental freedoms citizens and normative legal cover necessary preventive measures in the form of prevention law makes more than ever before ,the law of prevention in the field of criminal policy as an independent profession, is composed of a series of regulations wich determine the institutions ,limits and boundaries , regulations governing and necessary sanctions in violation of the regulation governing sanctions on the crime prevention strategy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - The effect of the element of time on the rules of jihad
Ali Dawazdahemami Hosein Alavi mehr Seyed Hassan AbedianThe element of time has a very important role in the rules of jihad in the Qur'an because it causes the necessity and sanctity of jihad in different time conditions. The main issue of the research is when the rule of jihad in the Qur'an can be changed. The method of thi MoreThe element of time has a very important role in the rules of jihad in the Qur'an because it causes the necessity and sanctity of jihad in different time conditions. The main issue of the research is when the rule of jihad in the Qur'an can be changed. The method of this research is analytical and descriptive, which is done to help the Muslim war knowledge. The purpose of this research is to identify the element of specific time and its role in the rules of jihad in the Qur'an, which is done to obtain the variable rules of jihad in the Qur'an. The important findings of this research are reported as follows. The sanctity of jihad during the forbidden months is not abrogated in the Qur'an, but remains in force. Escape from the battlefield is acceptable when "distorted". The number of enemy fighters in time fluctuations can be measured for resistance. Escape from surprise in a temporary time is justifiable. The time of applying for asylum and taking a prisoner depends on the specific element of time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - Transcriptomics and useful techniques of defense gene expression evalution of plant
Jalal GholamnezhadTranscriptomics is one of the most developed branches in the post-genomic era. Transcriptomics focuses on the gene expression at the RNA level and shows the genome wide information of gene structure and gene function in order to reveal the molecular mechanisms involved MoreTranscriptomics is one of the most developed branches in the post-genomic era. Transcriptomics focuses on the gene expression at the RNA level and shows the genome wide information of gene structure and gene function in order to reveal the molecular mechanisms involved in specific biological processes. The plant activate the defense system after detect plant pathogens. Recently, transcriptomics has found wide application in agriculture, this knowledge are used for studing the biotic and abiotic stresses, storage diseases and the identification of resistant cultivars. It is essential the gene expression in times of stress. Transcriptomics studies of gene expression increase the information on the mechanisms of tolerance and resistance to plant disease. There are several techniques for analysis of gene expression profiles in plants. The methods used to study gene expression is placed into three categories based on hybridization techniques, techniques based on PCR and sequencing-based techniques can. In this article, it was review on methods to study gene expression and the its application in plant pathology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - Effect of isokinetic fatigue protocol of quadriceps and hamstring muscles on some of the predictive variables of knee anterior cruciate ligament injury
neda boroushakBackground and objectives: Muscle fatigue may lead to imbalance and dysfunction of muscles. On the other hand, measuring imbalances between muscles should not be limited to measuring strength as it is not only parameter indicative of muscle function. Thus, the purpose o MoreBackground and objectives: Muscle fatigue may lead to imbalance and dysfunction of muscles. On the other hand, measuring imbalances between muscles should not be limited to measuring strength as it is not only parameter indicative of muscle function. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of isokinetic fatigue protocol of quadriceps and hamstring muscles on mechanical power and time to peak torque in elite karate girls. subjects and Methods: In this study, 16 karate girls participated. Biodex isokinetic device was used for the local fatigue of quadriceps and hamstring muscles. The muscles mechanical power and time to peak torque at speeds of 180 and 300 degrees per second were measured by isokinetic device before and after the fatigue protocol. Data analysis was made by paired t test. Results: Mechanical power of quadriceps (P=0.004) and hamstring (P=0.000) muscle groups in speed of 300 degrees per second, significantly decreased after fatigue. But in the speed of 180 degrees per second, not significantly changed (P>0.05). Time to peak torque in speed of 180 degrees per second, showed a significant decrease after fatigue for the hamstring (P=0.04) and quadriceps (P=0.01), but in speed of 300 degrees per second, the difference was significant only for the hamstring (P=0.025). Conclusion: According to current study results, fatigue can cause an imbalance in mechanical power and time to peak torque between muscle groups at high speeds; that increases the chance of injury in the knee joint. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - To evaluate the effect of iron nanoparticles on expression of TEM and SHV genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples using Real Time PCR
najmeh tahmasebi babak kheirkhahBackground: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a germ-negative pathogen and a common cause of nosocomial infections. Increasing the emergence of multi-drug resistance in Klebsiella pneumonia has limited therapeutic options for this bacterium. The purpose of this study was to eval MoreBackground: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a germ-negative pathogen and a common cause of nosocomial infections. Increasing the emergence of multi-drug resistance in Klebsiella pneumonia has limited therapeutic options for this bacterium. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of iron nanoparticles on expression of TEM and SHV genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples using Real- Time PCR. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected from patients admitted to the intensive care unit of hospitals in Kerman on 6 months. The isolates were identified as K. pneumoniae, based on the biochemical tests embedded in the API-20E system. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disc diffusion method. For molecular identification of TEM and SHV genes, PCR was performed. To determine the effect of iron nanoparticles on the strains, a dilution broth method was used according to CLSI standard and finally, Real-Time PCR was performed. Results: In this study, 46 isolates were positive for ESBL producing phenotypes. In the 46 isolates of ESBL producing, 48% (22 cases) had the SHV gene , 13% (6 cases) had the TEM gene and 39% (18 cases) had both SHV + TEM genes. Iron nanoparticles could degrade the expression of TEM and SHV genes in the clinical medium in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion: Due to the effectiveness of iron nanoparticles on positive beta-lactamases Klebsiellas, can use iron nanoparticles as a medicine dose. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on the Expression of Zinc Transporter 1-4 Genes in the Male rat hippocampal cell line
Maede Nilechi Akram Eidi Hamid Galehdari Mahnaz KesmatiIntroduction: Zinc plays an important role in the function of vital organs, especially the central nervous system. Zinc homeostasis disorder causes and progresses nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer, depression, learning disabilities and stress. Zinc homeostasis i MoreIntroduction: Zinc plays an important role in the function of vital organs, especially the central nervous system. Zinc homeostasis disorder causes and progresses nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer, depression, learning disabilities and stress. Zinc homeostasis in the body is mediated by ZnT and ZIP proteins. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3, and Znt4 genes in hippocampus cells as one of the tissues with high zinc density. Material and methods: First, the cell passage of the hippocampus cell line was performed, then the MTT assay test was performed for zinc oxide nanoparticles. In the next step, RNA extraction and CDNA synthesis were performed, and nanodrop spectrophotometer was used to ensure the purity of the RNA samples. Specific and appropriate primers of the desired genes were designed and synthesized. Then, changes in the expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3, and Znt4 genes were investigated using Real-Tim e RT-PCR. Results: Concentrations of 10 and 20 μg/mL of zinc oxide nanoparticles, significantly increased the expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3, and Znt4 genes in the hippocampus cell line of rat, while creating the lowest cytotoxicity. Conclusion: Zinc oxide nanoparticles can be investigated pharmacologically by increasing the expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3, and Znt4 genes in the treatment of zinc homeostasis disorders such as Alzheimer, depression, learning disabilities and stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - A real-time dosimetry study in radiation therapy using an electronic portal imaging device (EPID) to evaluate treatment quality assurance
Saeed Davoodi Hasan Tashakori Elham Saeedzadeh Ahmad ShakeriPurpose: Quality assurance and quality control are integral elements in radiation therapy for cancer patients, the purpose of which is to ensure the high quality of radiation therapy for patients so that the treatment results are optimal. In this regard, the aim of the MorePurpose: Quality assurance and quality control are integral elements in radiation therapy for cancer patients, the purpose of which is to ensure the high quality of radiation therapy for patients so that the treatment results are optimal. In this regard, the aim of the current research is real-time dosimetry with an electronic portal imaging device to obtain the midplane dose.Materials and Methods: Intracorporeal dosimetry is one of the quality control methods and the most direct method for monitoring the dose delivered to the patient during radiation therapy, which is the biggest challenge in radiation therapy. Intracorporeal dosimetry is usually performed in the initial stages or during treatment; that if an error occurs in any of the treatment steps, this error is identified and it is possible to compensate for it and continue the treatment correctly. In the present study, the midplane dose was obtained by three methods: arithmetic mean, geometric mean, and transmission dose in the form of gate simulation, and its results were compared with the clinical data obtained from the practical part.Findings: After comparing all the results obtained from the applicable methods and summarizing the data compared to the current research, according to the passing of the acceptance criteria in the comparison of the practical part and the simulation, it can be said that doing dosimetry using Epid is an acceptable method to move forward. A comprehensive system for more accurate dosimetry calculations in radiotherapy centers that are equipped with EPID.Conclusion: According to the results obtained from the practical part as well as the simulation of the project, the results with gamma index less than 1% were presented for Midplan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - A Study of the Role of Time in Public Policy Making
Maqsood Ranjbar Ali Akbar NedaeiThe purpose of the present study is to review the role of time in public policy making. The main research question is why we should pay attention to time in the formulation and execution of policies. The method of study is descriptive analysis and the results showed tha MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review the role of time in public policy making. The main research question is why we should pay attention to time in the formulation and execution of policies. The method of study is descriptive analysis and the results showed that the formulation and execution of policies are procedures which basically analyze the adopted policies in terms of time, cost, and resources so that we can undertake measures to decrease their needed time if possible. This subject becomes significant and complicated where lengthy time delay occurs in approving some plans and policies due to various structures involved in the legislation. The policy maker should avoid these harms by paying special attention to time in each of the stages of policy making from recognizing the problem to formulation, execution, and evaluation of the policies in the policy making circles to enhance their efficiency and efficacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
234 - Relationship of the absolute rule of the Faqih with the role of time and place in ijtihad
afsaneh torkashvand Mahmood Ghayoom zadeh Abbas Ali HeidariThe purpose of the present study was to explain the relationship between the jurisprudence of the jurisprudent and the role of time and place in ijtihad and present a new theoretical study on the use of jurisprudence's jurisprudence to facilitate community affairs. In t MoreThe purpose of the present study was to explain the relationship between the jurisprudence of the jurisprudent and the role of time and place in ijtihad and present a new theoretical study on the use of jurisprudence's jurisprudence to facilitate community affairs. In this regard, the role of time and place in ijtihad, rulings, emergence of new subjects, discovery of new instances of subjects, implementation of rulings, governmental rulings and the preference of some rulings over others (important and important rule) is examined through a descriptive-analytical method. It took. The results show that the jurisprudential authority of the jurisprudent is closely related to the role of time and place in ijtihad and these two aspects of the jurisprudent's decision are determined. Time and place influence the parameters of sentences, their subjects, and their characteristics. But the jurisprudent can not only solve modern problems and problems of modern society by means of primary and secondary verdicts, but by using the element of expediency, the rule of law, the principle of importance and the element of time and place, can solve emerging problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
235 - A study of Narrative in Abutorab Khosravi’s Asfar-e-Kateban (The Book of Scribes) Through the Lens of Gérard Genette's Narrative Theory
Mina Karami Manizheh Fallahi Ali EskandariGerard Genet, a prominent structuralist narrator, has proposed a comprehensive blueprint for narrative texts. He has proposed three aspects of narrative structure in his narrative theory including grammatical time (order, frequency, duration), dimension (distance and fo MoreGerard Genet, a prominent structuralist narrator, has proposed a comprehensive blueprint for narrative texts. He has proposed three aspects of narrative structure in his narrative theory including grammatical time (order, frequency, duration), dimension (distance and focus) and the tone or sound (narrator in three levels: meta-narrative, narrative level and sub-narrative). This study, examines the novel Asfar Kataban, by Aboutrab Khosravi based on the theory of Genet’s narratology with a descriptive-analytical method. The results of this research indicate that the author has created temporal distortion by using the method of flashback. He has slowed down the narration of the story by eliminating and summarizing it, and has slowed down the narration by expressing a descriptive delay. Also, in critical moments, with the frequent repetition of a narration, the importance of the incident has been highlighted, and the novel has reached the meta-fiction level with the multiplicity of narrators and narrations, anachronism, the death of the author and the narrative nature of history. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
236 - The Comparative Use of Narrative Time in the Discourse Layer in Two Narrative Works “Pelleas and Melisande” and “Zal and Rudabe” Based on Gerard Genette’s Theory
Hanieh Amini Masoome khodadadi Mahabaad Ashraf CheginiUnderstanding the events and content of each story is closely related to the time of its narration. Genette, as the most influential theorist regarding text time in narratological criticism, facilitates the discovery of the details of narrative time. The purpose of this MoreUnderstanding the events and content of each story is closely related to the time of its narration. Genette, as the most influential theorist regarding text time in narratological criticism, facilitates the discovery of the details of narrative time. The purpose of this essay is to compare narrative time with an emphasis on Genette's comprehensive theory and his structuring mechanisms in the two narratives of Peléas and Mélisande and Zal and Rudabe from three perspectives: temporal order, delay and frequency, in order to analyze the general rules of narrative time and its regularities. This research, with a descriptive-analytical approach based on library studies and with an emphasis on the commonalities and differences of the application of the narrative technique of the time of narration, deals with the comparative analysis of two stories. The narrative structure of these two works, from Genette's point of view, have a different chronological order. The narrative work of Peles and Melisande has a regular linear temporality that gives strength to the dramatic aspect of the work, but in Zal and Rodabe we see the disruption of the chronological sequence of events and numerous past and future predictions. Therefore, Pelleas and Melisande, unlike Zal and Rudabe, does not have a time lapse, and its delay in the narration time in the two stories is based on staging, and the dramatic form has turned these two works into dialogue-filled texts. In addition, the frequency of single quotation in two narrations is the dominant aspect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
237 - Ritual Blank Verse
Zahra Mahmoodi Abbas MahyarDuring the emergence of modern poetry in Iran and the literary ups and downs after Nima’s revision in Persian Poetry, many poets combined literary genres with socio-political motifs and experienced new literary works. A few others, however, favored religious and t MoreDuring the emergence of modern poetry in Iran and the literary ups and downs after Nima’s revision in Persian Poetry, many poets combined literary genres with socio-political motifs and experienced new literary works. A few others, however, favored religious and theistic motifs for one reason or another. The focus of this research is the history of ritual blank verse in Iran as well as introducing the after-Islamic-revolution works that affected by Ashura teachings brought up a new trend in Iranian contemporary verse. This trend, as a new approach, now is very important to some poets and they are experiencing it. This research also aims at investigating the role of some pre-revolution poets in bringing up this new type of poetry and the main elements of blank verse as used by them Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
238 - Post-colonial Criticism of Rouhangiz Sharifian’s Works
Roya Rabizade Fateme HeydariAs a critical approach, post-colonialism has emerged in the field of cultural studies through recent decades. It is, in fact, a representation of a kind of reaction to the colonialism and its cultural, social and political impressions. Post-colonial studies rely on the MoreAs a critical approach, post-colonialism has emerged in the field of cultural studies through recent decades. It is, in fact, a representation of a kind of reaction to the colonialism and its cultural, social and political impressions. Post-colonial studies rely on the function of cultural and cognitive factors, and intend to reveal the different methods the colonialist rulers have applied to colonize societies through the history. The unbalanced allocation of wealth and population played out especially during post-colonial era has caused the increasing of emigrations, which in turns, changes the language, the residency, the demeanor, and beyond them melts one’s identity. As a new phenomenon, immigration could be studied in the scope of post-colonial studies, and the present research aims first at introducing the principles of post-colonial theory and its elements, and secondly at investigating the works of the London-based Iranian emigrant writer, Rouhangiz Sharifian Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
239 - Time management principles and pathology of the Court Etesami
haniyeh taherlou Kamran Pashayi Faghri Parvane AdelzadeThe problem of the constant time of mind and heart, present and absent, has occupied man himself yesterday and today. It is a fact that is linked to human beings, and man always finds himself in the vein, as if a man is captive of time and has no way to get out of this MoreThe problem of the constant time of mind and heart, present and absent, has occupied man himself yesterday and today. It is a fact that is linked to human beings, and man always finds himself in the vein, as if a man is captive of time and has no way to get out of this captivity. The enjoyment of life and success are among the fundamental goals of humans. One of the most important steps in this direction is to master the time and correct management of it. In this perspective, individuals are advised to set goals, prioritize goals, to make decisions and to plan proper operations, and to keep them from looseness, rush, and any actions that threaten timely and proper work. Parvin points out in this study a reflection of the time and value of time that expresses the existential value of being, and the findings point out that in beliefs, humans progress to perfection until the principle, by passing the time offsets (wasting time) They go through. The result is that someone knows the value of time is worth living. What is retrieved and investigated in this article is the optimal method of time and damaging factors in the Parvin tribunal, which emphasizes the meaning of the poems of Parvin on the transitory life and span of momentum and living, and the importance of this issue and the necessity of its review. is showing. Research has been done by exploring written literature with a descriptive research method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
240 - The Analysis Of Time Structure In Nizami's Khosrow And Shirin On The Basis Of Gennete Narration And Time Model
fatemeh ghorbani mohammad gholamrezai Genette narrative model is one of the most effective theories in narratology. In a part of the theory Gérard Genette studies the narrative time on three major issues: the order of the narrative, the speed of the narrative and the fr More Genette narrative model is one of the most effective theories in narratology. In a part of the theory Gérard Genette studies the narrative time on three major issues: the order of the narrative, the speed of the narrative and the frequency of events. He showed that each of the three elements defined in this issue can speed up or slow down the narration or give a constant speed to the narration. Hakim Nizami Ganjavi’s Khosrow and Shirin is one of the unsurpassed masterpieces in the realm of fiction. The perdurable magnum opus of Persian literature can be tested by the modern criteria of fiction and narratology knowledge due to accurate narrative capacities. So, this study is trying to introduce a new approach in studying Khamse’s stories and identify narrative patterns of stories by analyzing the status and function of the element of time and by studying the scheduling of Khosrow and Shirin narrations. In addition to the recognition of Nizami’s narrative grammar of the story, the researcher has considered linking the ancient Persian literature and modern approaches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - The Comparative Comparing of the Presence of Love in the Poems of Shams Langeroudi and Ghadat Al-Saman
Marjan Rezataji -
Open Access Article
242 - Investigation of Structural, Morphological and Optical Properties of Chromium Oxide Thin Films Prepared at Different Annealing Times
Fatemeh Hajakbari Alireza Hojabri -
Open Access Article
243 - Aging Study of Oil Impregnated Repulped and Standard Cellulose through Measuring Viscometric Degree of Polymerization
Sohrab Rahmani Rana Rahmati Ali Ramazani -
Open Access Article
244 - The Effect of Electroplating Time on Microstructural Properties and Hardness of Silver Coating on C10100 Alloy
A. Taherkhani Y. Shajari K. Mirzavand A. Mellatkhah Z. S. Seyedraoufi -
Open Access Article
245 - Sociological analysis of job idleness (case study of Sharif University staff)
فاطمه آبرون خدیجه سفیری خلیل میرزاییSociological analysis of job idleness (case study of Sharif University staff)Fatemeh AbrunPhD student in Sociology, Research Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, IranKhadijeh SafiriProfessor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and E MoreSociological analysis of job idleness (case study of Sharif University staff)Fatemeh AbrunPhD student in Sociology, Research Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, IranKhadijeh SafiriProfessor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran. (Responsible author) kh.safiri@alzahra.ac.irKhalil MirzaeiFaculty memberDepartment of Sociology, Roodehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.Idleness in the organization is a deliberate behavior and a kind of fraud that all employees of the organization at all levels may commit in some way. The aim of this study was to investigate the causes and contexts of idleness among the employees of Sharif University of Technology. The research method is data foundation theory, the required data of which has been done through semi-structured interviews with 35 employees. The method of selecting the participants is purposeful and determining their number after reaching the saturation stage is specified. From a total of 665 raw data, 385 concepts, 35 subcategories and 14 main categories were extracted from the primary data. Finally, the concept of "organized waste of time" was chosen as the main phenomenon that covered the rest of the categories. The results of this study showed that the most important factor in creating a sense of idleness and burnout in participants is "lack of motivation and job identity; variety of tasks and routines and repetition of work." This dissatisfaction is the result of organizational discrimination; Organized corruption; There is costly patient management and bureaucracy with consequences such as; Consequences of vanity (betrayal, personnel inflation, misplacement); Subcutaneousness leads to idleness and reduced efficiency of the organization. The results of this study show that the main and fundamental cause of idleness in organizations is the waste of organized time, which is related to not reviewing the laws and regulations and directives related to the organization. Is. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
246 - The Impact of Investors' Behavior on Tax Management Approaches in Tehran Stock Exchange
Nazanin Bashirimanesh Saeed MoinfardPurpose: The purpose of the present study is to review the effect of investors' behavior on tax management approaches.Method: In this research, approaches to tax management including tax evasion, tax avoidance, and tax aggressiveness were studied. To this aim, panel dat MorePurpose: The purpose of the present study is to review the effect of investors' behavior on tax management approaches.Method: In this research, approaches to tax management including tax evasion, tax avoidance, and tax aggressiveness were studied. To this aim, panel data method based on the annual data obtained from accepted corporations in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2014-2021 were used. Finally, 127 corporations were chosen as the sample by systematic deletion technique and data analysis was done by Stata (version 16/with 95% confidence). To measure sentimental tendency and herding behavior of investors, EMSI index and Huang and Salmon Model (2006) were used.Findings: The experimental evidence and results of the research indicate that investors' behavior has a significantly positive effect on tax management approaches. That is to say, with the increase of sentimental and herding behavior among the investors, the directors' tax management in corporations improves.Conclusion: The research results showed that investors' behavioral variables (herding behavior and sentimental tendency) have a direct and positive effect on tax management approaches in corporations. It means that as investors' herding behavior and sentimental tendency increases, tax evasion, tax avoidance and tax aggression goes up, too. Therefore, investors' behavior is confirmed to be an important element to disturb order in financial markets. The results of this research can be effective to improve politicians and investors' decision-making for proper orientation towards the stock market and its consistent management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
247 - The Effect of Different Methods of Calculation of Germination Rate in Evaluation of Sprouting potential of Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) tuber and Estimation of Thermal Thresholds
sajad mijani mehdi rastgoo ali ghanbari mehdi nassiri mahallati jose luis Gonzalez-AndujarPurple nutsedge, is one of the most burdensome weeds in the agroecosystems, due to the rapid growth and proliferation of underneath tubers. The tubers are the main means of propagation and distribution of Purple nutsedge. Information on environmental conditions that reg MorePurple nutsedge, is one of the most burdensome weeds in the agroecosystems, due to the rapid growth and proliferation of underneath tubers. The tubers are the main means of propagation and distribution of Purple nutsedge. Information on environmental conditions that regulate the growth of the vegetative organs would help to predict the emergence time of perennial weeds. Several methods of germination were tested to compare the germination potential and determine the thresholds (the main temperatures) for germination of the tubers. The results showed that the () and ( methods are not an appropriate index for estimating the temperature thresholds and evaluating sprouting potential. Based on germination rate (tubers per day -1) and weighted germination rate (tubers per day-1) indices, temperatures of 25 and 30°C were the best temperatures. On the other hand, based on the thermal germination rate index, (tuber per°C -1 per day-1) the best temperature is 25°C. Among indices, the thermal germination rate index is a more justified assessment for precise description of sprouting potential versus temperature due to take into account the amount of used heat. In order to study the germination percentage, germination rate, weighted germination rate, Dent-like model showed better fit (R2 adjusted =0.83 to 0.99) but for study of the thermal germination rate index segmented model was superior model (R2 adjusted =0.76). In general, the minimum, optimal and maximum range of germination of Purple nutsedg was determined to be between 7.51 to 9.20, 28.5 to 32.62, and 0.43 to 42.49 ° C, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
248 - The morphology of imagination in the Malakoot by Bahram Sadeghi based on the Gilbert Durand theory
Fereshteh NaseriThe imagination creates a vast field in the mind of the storyteller which leads to his creativity and artistic expression. the main theme of horror stories is imagination. Malakoot (1961) by Bahram Sadeghi of these novels is the element of imagination in it has a specia MoreThe imagination creates a vast field in the mind of the storyteller which leads to his creativity and artistic expression. the main theme of horror stories is imagination. Malakoot (1961) by Bahram Sadeghi of these novels is the element of imagination in it has a special place. Sadeghi is working on this work to use fear of unknowns and nightmares as well as creating a sense of hatred and panic among the characters in the story, the excitement of the reader increases. this research is based on descriptive-analytic method and by referring to the system of imagination of the Gilbert Durand in search of the discovery of the symbols of fantasy in this work. results show that extensive presence of death and summoning jinn and evil characters throughout the Malakoot's novel, it shows that fear of time a superior position in this work. this is in the negative context of the story and consequently, highlighting the Regime daytime of imaginary (90%) has a lot of work. highlights of imagination in this work respectively: Nycotomorphes (50%), Theriomorphes (25%) and Catamorphes (15%). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
249 - Non-verbal communication analysis in the system "Srivily Home» Nima Youshij
Mohammadreza Neshaei moghaddam Koobra NodehiThe sign as a symbol is a concept that is derived from the movement of some human organs or spatial and temporal positions and is more important and effective than verbal communication in places. In order to establish a good relationship, it is necessary to co-operate w MoreThe sign as a symbol is a concept that is derived from the movement of some human organs or spatial and temporal positions and is more important and effective than verbal communication in places. In order to establish a good relationship, it is necessary to co-operate with the components in which the coordination between them can show us an interpretable connection, and the role of non-verbal communication is very important. The aim of this study is to examine the Nima's symbolic view as an innovative poet and traitor in different communication platforms and to achieve different reactions and reactions to the audience. The research, descriptive and analytical show Nima Youshij System " Srivilys Home" through non-verbal communication to reinforce the message of your verbal and has managed it to your audience spread the use of signs of nonverbal communication As with environmental conditions, the color and state of the body in this system are more impressive and the use of these signs to emphasize and highlight the expression and in order to induce the desired concepts Nima. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
250 - The analysis of narrative time in Sahar Khalifeh's Hobbi al-Awwal (My First and Only Love), according to Gerard Genette' structuralist theory
Hamideh Souri Mostafa Babak Farzaneh LEILA GHASEMITime is one of the main structural elements upon which stories are formed. In classics, time structure relied on a logical and causal relationship, but along with the changes in reality, time movement was subjected to the changes. The writers benefited from this element MoreTime is one of the main structural elements upon which stories are formed. In classics, time structure relied on a logical and causal relationship, but along with the changes in reality, time movement was subjected to the changes. The writers benefited from this element in their narrative objectives and decided to experience other forms of the time. This attitude caused to leave sequential time and disagreement between narrative and story times. The difference between two times is made in contemporary novels by the sequence and rhythm techniques. Sahar Khalifeh retells history of Palestine through a love story in Hobbi al-Awwal (My First and Only Love), by returning to the past. Adopting a descriptive-analytical method, this research examines time structure in the novel without attention to the concept of repetition on the basis of Genette's narrative time, and through temporal distances between the story and narrative, by using a descriptive-analytic method. The time structure of the novel due to the interference between the present and the past is scattered. This is formed by various techniques for strengthening the story's objectives, which either accelerate or decelerate the narrative and include summary, deletion, stream of consciousness, internal dialogue and rendition, making time longer in some scenes and shorter in some others. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - A Study of Narrative Time in the Novel Frānkenštāin fī Baghdād (Frankenstein in Baghdad) based on the model of Gerard Genet
Foad Abdollahzadeh Isa Zare Dorninani Abdolbaset Arab Yosouf Abadi Mohammad YaghobiTime has the most obvious function to improve the structure of the story among the constituent elements of the story. Gerard Genet, as one of the theorists in this field, provided a clear theoretical framework for evaluating and analyzing the element of time in the stor MoreTime has the most obvious function to improve the structure of the story among the constituent elements of the story. Gerard Genet, as one of the theorists in this field, provided a clear theoretical framework for evaluating and analyzing the element of time in the story. Genet believes that in analyzing narrative time and comparing it with calendar time, three important categories such as order, continuity and frequency should be analyzed in order to extract and evaluate the most important narrative techniques used in each work of fiction. Ahmad Saadawi's novel Frānkenštāin fī Baghdād (Frankenstein in Baghdad) is a suitable novel for analysis based on the Genet model due to its great emphasis on time. Therefore, in the present study, an attempt is made to investigate the element of time in the novel "Frankenstein in Baghdad" based on the descriptive-analytical method and with the aim of discovering the salient aspects of time turbulence in post-modern novels. The results show that the widespread use of retrospectives, negative accelerations and positive accelerations, has caused irregularity and discontinuity in the narrative time of "Frankenstein in Baghdad". This sometimes confuses the reader in the story, which of course is one of the features of postmodern stories, and Ahmad Saadawi has been able to make good use of this techniques. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - Narrative Time in Vacini Al-Erj’s Novel RamadAl-sharg
Kobra Roshanfekr fereshte azarniaTime is one of the basic elements in narrative dialogue and effective in technical and beauty of the structure of the text. Critics and researchers have paid special attention to it since Russian structuralism. The time in contemporary novel such as classic novel is not MoreTime is one of the basic elements in narrative dialogue and effective in technical and beauty of the structure of the text. Critics and researchers have paid special attention to it since Russian structuralism. The time in contemporary novel such as classic novel is not based on the logical continuity, but it has been oriented to deviation in temporal revolution and change in logical relation between events. So, contemporary novelists changed the time of narration.VaciniAl-Erjis one of these authors. This research tries to study the time of narration in Remad Al-Shargh novel written by an author from Algeria using descriptive analytic method and Gérard Genette’views. The novel includes two volumes entitled: "Kharif Newyork Al-Akhir" and"Al-ZaebAl-laziNabatfel Al-Barari". The present research tries to obtain feature of narratives of time in this novel and that how the author innovated in this connection. Some of the results of the research are: lack of conformity between narrative system and story system by flashback and flashforward that lead to form adistorted time in the novel; specially, the flashback is nearly a prevailing phenomenon on the novel and the narrator again reads the past events by that, in order to show that the present problems are the result of the past events. And since this novel covers a long period, so the author applies various techniques for speeding and slowing the time and makes variety and motion in temporal movement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
253 - “The Diaries of Prosecutor’s Representative in the Village” in the Light of Criticism
Hasan Shavandi Seyed Yaser Hosaini“The Diaries of Prosecutor’s Representative in the Village” is, no doubt, one of the most prominent works ever written by Tawfiq Hakim, the contemporary Arab novelist .The proof to this claim can be the fact that the novel has been translated into many More“The Diaries of Prosecutor’s Representative in the Village” is, no doubt, one of the most prominent works ever written by Tawfiq Hakim, the contemporary Arab novelist .The proof to this claim can be the fact that the novel has been translated into many other languages, and used as the basic plot for different movies. In this novel, Tawfiq Hakim, illustrates aspects of Egyptian life with a focus on rural areas. This article aims at reviewing story elements of this novel’s story such as setting, time, character, dialogue, and plot. The story occurs at a place called “al-vajh al-ghabali” during twelve days of October although the writer tries not to restrict the story line to a specific time span. The author tries to depict characters through their reactions toward the events, which begin with a gunshot. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - The Study of NarrativeTechniques in AhlemMosteghanemi’s Novel Zekrat al-Jasad (Memory in Flesh) :A Formalist Reading
saeid savari reza nazemianThis article is an attempt to study the element of the time of the novel Zakera al-Jassadwritten by AhlemMosteghanemi based on the time of narrative and the time of narration, relying on linguistic functions. This research seeks to explain how the time sequence of the e MoreThis article is an attempt to study the element of the time of the novel Zakera al-Jassadwritten by AhlemMosteghanemi based on the time of narrative and the time of narration, relying on linguistic functions. This research seeks to explain how the time sequence of the events of the novel changes in the direction of the circular line, as well as its relevance to the discourse representing contemporary history of Algeria and the parallelism of the discourse of narrative techniques with the sequence of events of the novel. The research concludes that despite the lack of order in the time sequence of events there is a correlation between narrative techniques and time arrangements of events; how the element of timehas regarded the discourse of the author of the novel. It has included current themes of the contemporary historyof Algeriawhich depictthe contemporary historyof Algeria, because AhlemMosteghanemi has clearly described the ideologies of contemporary history in Algeria. Thus the author of the novel, relying on thetechniques of stream of consciousness and linguistic functionshas changed time sequence of events in the direction of the circular line in order to transfer the feeling of the arrangement of the time sequence of events to reader. The author wants the reader to feel the time sequence of events and interpret them in the course of secret discourse within the element of time. The author also wants the reader to set the sequence of the events timeline within himself. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - A Study of the Challenges of Health and Sport in the Country (A Case Study: Samā Junior Colleges)
hamid seifiThe purpose of the present article is to study challenges of health and sport in the country emphasizing on Samā junior colleges. The method of study is descriptive survey and it is practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the research consists of al MoreThe purpose of the present article is to study challenges of health and sport in the country emphasizing on Samā junior colleges. The method of study is descriptive survey and it is practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the research consists of all 7000 students of Samā junior colleges in district 5 of Iran which are under the supervision of Islamic Azad University and Samā organization. Using the Morgan table, the statistical sample of the research was calculated to be 364. The data collection instrument was a research-made questionnaire that its validity was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was measured to be 0.92, using Cronbach’s alpha. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and Friedman test were used. The results showed that some of the most important challenges and obstacles in the way of students’ participation in physical activities during their leisure time include lack of transportation services for their commuting, monotony of extracurricular sport activities, their severe exhaustion, not considering their interests, and inappropriate time schedule of the sport clubs in their dormitories and universities. Moreover, as one of the incentives to encourage students to physical activity during their free time, we can refer to allocating free sport equipment for them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - An Estimation of Customer Lifetime Value Based on Quality of Services in Mashhad Body Building Gyms
Seyed Mohammad Hosein Hoseini Ravesh Amir MoghaddamThe purpose of the present study is to review an estimation of customer lifetime value (CLV) based on quality of services provided by Mashhad body building gyms. The research method was correlational description and it had an estimation approach. The Research statistica MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review an estimation of customer lifetime value (CLV) based on quality of services provided by Mashhad body building gyms. The research method was correlational description and it had an estimation approach. The Research statistical population consisted of those who enrolled in body building gyms in Mashhad for at least 6 months, among whom 384 members were studied in different gyms ranked from 1 to 3 with respect to their cooperation and accessibility. The research instruments consisted of 2 standard questionnaires including Services Quality by Parmason et al. (1985) and Customer Lifetime Value by Vow Vali (2011) which were distributed among the customers in the gyms through a stratified way. SPSS and LIZREL software programs were used for data analysis. The results showed that by 95% confidence level it can be said that quality of services provided by the gyms can have a significantly positive effect on CLV while no significant correlation was observed between CLV and ranking of the gyms. On the other hand, quality of services and ranking of the gyms have a significant impact on CLV. Therefore, it is recommended to the directors of the gyms to pay more attention to the components which enhance service quality and ranking of their gyms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
257 - Design Discrete Robust Adaptive Fuzzy Control for Asymptotic Tracking of Articulated Robot Manipulator
moslem zarei siamak azargoshasb najmeh cheraghi shiraziRobot manipulators are nonlinear multivariable systems with high couplings and various uncertainties. Although, adaptive and robust control methods are suggested to overcome the uncertainties including parametric uncertainty, un-modeled dynamics, external disturbances a MoreRobot manipulators are nonlinear multivariable systems with high couplings and various uncertainties. Although, adaptive and robust control methods are suggested to overcome the uncertainties including parametric uncertainty, un-modeled dynamics, external disturbances and discretization error, they face many challenges because of the complexity in robot dynamics. A fuzzy system can be used as a universal approximator for any nonlinear system. This feature has been efficiently used to design the adaptive fuzzy controllers. Adaptive fuzzy control systems are designed based on guaranteeing stability. Since practical implementation of the control law is carried out using digital processors, designing a discrete-time adaptive fuzzy controller for robot manipulators based on the voltage control strategy and proposed control systems stability analysis is suggested in this paper. In this paper, a new method is developed for compensating the approximation error of the fuzzy system which does not needed integration of tracking error. Moreover, the proposed discrete-time adaptive fuzzy with position feedback control law requires feedbacks of joint positions only. On the other hand, the fuzzy system approximation error and the discretization error are well compensated for asymptotic tracking of the desired path. The proposed robust Adaptive Fuzzy control law is simulated on an articulated robot. The simulation results show that the tracking error is negligible and the value of the second joint tracking error with the highest error at the end point of the simulation time is about radians. The parameters are well matched and the motors behave well under the maximum allowable voltage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - Model-Free Discrete Time Control for Scara Robot Manipulators Using Descending Gradient Algorithm
reza zarin siamak azargoshasbDiscrete control of the robot manipulators with uncertain model is the purpose of this paper. The proposed control design is model-free by employing an adaptive fuzzy estimator in the controller for the estimation of uncertainty as unknown function. An adaptive mechanis MoreDiscrete control of the robot manipulators with uncertain model is the purpose of this paper. The proposed control design is model-free by employing an adaptive fuzzy estimator in the controller for the estimation of uncertainty as unknown function. An adaptive mechanism is proposed in order to overcome uncertainties. Parameters of the fuzzy estimator are adapted to minimize the estimation error using a novel gradient descent algorithm. The proposed model-free discrete control is robust against all uncertainties associated with the robot manipulator and actuators including model’s uncertainty and external disturbances. The most gradient descent algorithms have used a known cost function based on the tracking error for adaptation whereas the proposed algorithm has proposed a cost function based on the uncertainty estimation error. Then, the uncertainty estimation error is calculated from the joint position error and its derivative using the closed-loop system. Most control algorithms require all state variable feedback to ensuring stability for the robot manipulators. Practical implementation of this control method is easy because it has a decentralized structure and measures only from the joint position. The simulation results confirm the correct operation of this method and we will prove the stability of the control system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - Presenting a method for locating sources Using sensor array.
niloofar hajimohammadiAbstract:To provide a method for positioning ( source ) Using an array of sensors This study was conducted in 1394 . For this purpose, the positioning location Wireless communications networks were used. Receiver signal strength Indicator (RSSI) and time Difference of A MoreAbstract:To provide a method for positioning ( source ) Using an array of sensors This study was conducted in 1394 . For this purpose, the positioning location Wireless communications networks were used. Receiver signal strength Indicator (RSSI) and time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) are main techniques that have been used in sensor node localization. Four anchor nodes were placed on corners of a square and the blind folded nod with the sounder at TDOA and RSS measurements was taken by averaging several consecutive readings. Then the blind folded node was localized using the LLS and CWLS estimator and methods of SI and SX. Combined algorithm The research will be presented The case that the source is close to the Sensors And when the source is away from the sensor Was a good answer . In general it can be concluded that positioning accuracy using combined method TDOA and RSS and intelligent Algorithms can be improved. Key word: Sensor array, positioning, Time difference of arrival, Received Signal Strength, Multipath, Line of Sight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - Design and Simulation of Fourth Order Sigma-Delta Modulator using Parametric Amplifier with Dynamic Threshold for Digital Hearing Aid Application
Shima Alizadeh Zanjani Abumoslem Jannesari Pooya TorkzadehIn this paper, a fourth-order, OTA-free, single-bit, low-consumption discrete-time (DT) delta-sigma (ΔΣ) modulator with CIFF structure is proposed for hearing aid applications. In portable medical devices such as hearing aids that are used permanently, the b MoreIn this paper, a fourth-order, OTA-free, single-bit, low-consumption discrete-time (DT) delta-sigma (ΔΣ) modulator with CIFF structure is proposed for hearing aid applications. In portable medical devices such as hearing aids that are used permanently, the battery life and energy dissipation are very important. In a typical delta sigma modulator, the power-hungry parts are the OTA. Therefore, the elimination of OTAs is a challenge, and the proposed modulator uses new differential parametric amplifiers, with dynamic thresholde in even stages and inverter-based amplifiers in odd delta sigma stages instead of the OTAs. The dynamic threshold PMOS technique has been used for the first time in differential MPA, and the theoretical analyzes and simulations performed show better performance than the traditional method. Also, a chopper circuit is used on the first fstage to reduce the harmonics and flicker noise. The proposed differential modulator is simulated using standard 180 nm CMOS technology, which achieves 90.5 dB SFDR and 64 dB SNDR with an input bandwidth frequency of 10 kHz and an oversampling ratio of 128. The power supply is 1V and the FOMW were obtained as 3.43 PJ/step. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - A Combined Method for Dynamic Routing in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Fatemeh Shabih Jalil azimpour Marziye DadvarWireless sensor networks are a large number of sensor nodes with limited energy in a scattered geographically limited area. Due to limited resources in wireless sensor networks, increasing the lifetime of the networks by reducing energy consumption is always considered. MoreWireless sensor networks are a large number of sensor nodes with limited energy in a scattered geographically limited area. Due to limited resources in wireless sensor networks, increasing the lifetime of the networks by reducing energy consumption is always considered. More nodes to send data to the central station energy consumption. Sequential routing based on clustering, this responsibility falls on the head, and this increases the energy consumption of cluster heads. In recent years later all the energy of cluster heads, routing protocols and a lot of clustering is proposed. The purpose of this study, the combination of clustering and routing in order to extend the lifetime of this type of network. For clustering of genetic algorithm with fixed and harmony search algorithm is used for routing. Customize search algorithm for routing in harmony, three criteria neighborhood, reducing energy consumption and proper distribution of energy consumption is taken into account. Harmony algorithm is proposed to establish a proper balance between the criteria listed will generate more efficient routes. Finally change the routing cluster heads in each round will be balancing energy consumption between nodes per cluster. The results of the tests show the superiority of 2.14% proposed increase in messaging as well as 24.84% Lifetime network protocol is DEEC. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - Identification of time-varying systems with smooth changes using basic Legendre functions
Amir Yaghubi Hossein Rouzegar Mehrzad NasirianIn this paper, we identify "variable time systems with slow changes" using Legendre basic functions. Physical phenomena behave with time-varying behavior for a variety of reasons. To model these systems, we need models with time-dependent parameters. In this paper, in o MoreIn this paper, we identify "variable time systems with slow changes" using Legendre basic functions. Physical phenomena behave with time-varying behavior for a variety of reasons. To model these systems, we need models with time-dependent parameters. In this paper, in order to identify, we consider a system that has time-varying parameters with slow changes. Select the input of this time-varying system of PRBS type, which is a frequency-rich signal. The results for noise cases are also largely acceptable. In this article, the system in question is called STV system for short. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - Introducing a new query database optimization method
Peyman Arebi Amir Masoud Bidgoli Serajodin KatebiThe grid database tries to store and scatter data over a wide geographical area in order to create a structure for storing data across the lattice environment in a distributed and heterogeneous manner. Due to the large amount of data, transaction processing in such an e MoreThe grid database tries to store and scatter data over a wide geographical area in order to create a structure for storing data across the lattice environment in a distributed and heterogeneous manner. Due to the large amount of data, transaction processing in such an environment is very complex and time consuming. Obviously, using queries without optimization will greatly reduce the efficiency of transactions in this database, while using appropriate optimization algorithms can greatly increase efficiency. Many algorithms have been proposed to optimize queries, but due to the different network environments, different optimization algorithms are needed. This paper presents an algorithm that is consistent with the structure of lattice computing and works well in lattice database systems with high data volumes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - Study on load balancing using fuzzy adaptive algorithm
Zahra Dehghani S. J Mirabedini علی HarounabadiCloud computing is one of the newest developments in information technology and has been widespread in the industry and different educational sectors over time. Cloud computing is not a new technology, but it is also a new method for providing services via the Internet. MoreCloud computing is one of the newest developments in information technology and has been widespread in the industry and different educational sectors over time. Cloud computing is not a new technology, but it is also a new method for providing services via the Internet. Cloud computing is a new concept as a storage of virtualized resources and it increases the efficiency, saves the hardware resources, and enhances the computing power. The load balancing is one of the main concerns in cloud computing space; and it can increase the speed, efficiency, customer satisfaction and reduce the response time in the case of proper performance. This paper also studies the problems of load balancing in cloud computing and introduces several load balancing algorithms. Finally, an algorithm is proposed and evaluated to improve the load balancing in cloud computing space. Our proposed algorithm utilizes the combination of fuzzy and min-max algorithms; and we have found that our algorithm has better performance than the non-fuzzy algorithm in most of the cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks Using Flat Cluster-based Routing Protocol and Evolutionary Algorithms
masoud negahdari Marziye DadvarWireless sensor networks have a large number of limited-energy sensor nodes dispersed in a finite area. Most node energies are used to send data to the central station. Due to the energy constraints in this type of grid, increasing life expectancy has always been a conc MoreWireless sensor networks have a large number of limited-energy sensor nodes dispersed in a finite area. Most node energies are used to send data to the central station. Due to the energy constraints in this type of grid, increasing life expectancy has always been a concern with decreasing energy consumption. The aim of this study is to provide surface clustering based on genetic algorithm in order to increase the life span of these networks. In proposed surface clustering, the geographic area is divided into three levels according to the radio range and the clustering of the nodes of each level is done individually. The cluster heads use more energy than other nodes to send information, so the proposed algorithm aims to reduce the number of cluster heads in order to increase the network lifetime. Finally, by changing the clusters in each routing round, there is a greater energy balance between the nodes. The results from the experiments indicate the superiority of the proposed algorithm in transmitting messages and network lifetimes over other similar protocols. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - The Effect of Investor Sentiment on the Market Reactions to Earnings Restatements
Neda rostami donya ahadiyanInvestors' sentiment often stem from held mental beliefs or information unrelated to stock value and can lead to extreme or low reactions to good or bad news, fanatical expectations such as speculative tendencies and optimistic or pessimistic optimism. Meanwhile, restat MoreInvestors' sentiment often stem from held mental beliefs or information unrelated to stock value and can lead to extreme or low reactions to good or bad news, fanatical expectations such as speculative tendencies and optimistic or pessimistic optimism. Meanwhile, restatement of financial statements may be one of the factors affecting the sentiment of investors. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of investors’ sentiment on the market reactions to earnings restatements. The statistical sample consists of 119 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 2012 to 2020. The results show that the willingness of investors has a significant effect on the market reaction to the earnings restatement. The results also show that the high investor sentiment, both in the presence of restatement and non-restatement, has a positive effect on market reaction, but in the presence of restatement, the effect of high investor sentiment on market reaction is less. Another result of the research indicates that the low investor sentiment has a negative effect on the market reaction in the presence of a restatement and a positive effect when there is not restatement. Therefore, it can be said that the restatement is effective on the impact of low investor sentiment on the market reaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - The Impact of Individual Sentiment Beta on Stock Return of Companies Listed on Tehran Stock Exchange
amir hossein sharifmehr karim Azarbaijani Arezoo Aghaei chadeganiIndividual stock sentiment is one of the non-fundamental factors that affect the financial markets which is influenced by various factors. Individual stock sentiment beta is a new concept and is defined as the sensitivity of individual stock returns to the individual st MoreIndividual stock sentiment is one of the non-fundamental factors that affect the financial markets which is influenced by various factors. Individual stock sentiment beta is a new concept and is defined as the sensitivity of individual stock returns to the individual stock sentiment changes. Due to the fact that Tehran stock exchange operate at a weak level of effiecency; this research purpuses to investigate the impact of individual sentiment beta on stock excess return and capital asset pricing model (CAPM) alpha in Tehran stock exchange. In this regard research data for top 50 companies of Tehran stock exchange at period from October 2019 to February 2021 which include biggest rise and fall in history of Tehran stock exchange was extracted through Rahavad Novin Software. Then excess return of 50 stock at research period time was calculated by Ami broker software, and finally all of data was analyzed by Eviews software.Finally the results showed that stocks with higher individual sentiment beta have higher excess return and CAPM alpha. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
268 - Investor Sentiment, Misstatements, and Auditor Behavior
Faegh Ahmadi amirhossein jamali mohammad hadi hosseini saraniHigh investor sentiment has been linked with opportunistic managerial behavior in the face of more optimistic investors and analysts. In this study, this line of work is developed by documenting the increased likelihood of misstatements and the consequent increase in au MoreHigh investor sentiment has been linked with opportunistic managerial behavior in the face of more optimistic investors and analysts. In this study, this line of work is developed by documenting the increased likelihood of misstatements and the consequent increase in audit risk in the face of high investor sentiment. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect investor sentiment on misstatements, and auditor behavior of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The sample consists of 94 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange in the period from 2017 to 2021. The research hypotheses were tested using multivariate regression model with panel data method. The results showed that investor sentiment have significant positive effect on the misstatements with in 95% confidence level. In addition, other findings indicated existence of a significant positive effect investor sentiment on audit fees and going concern opinion. As a result, The findings enhance the understanding of how investor sentiment affects misstatements, and auditor behavior, and enrich the literature on corporate auditor pricing and reporting decisions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
269 - Effect of Corporate Social Performance on Financial Performance at Listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange with Moderating Role of Investor Sentiment
Hosein Asgari Aloiuj Hasan Hasan Matar Khabat alanziFinancial performance is one of the performance evaluation criteria of companies, which evaluates the company based on the amount of profit earned by the company in a financial period. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of corporate social perform MoreFinancial performance is one of the performance evaluation criteria of companies, which evaluates the company based on the amount of profit earned by the company in a financial period. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of corporate social performance (CSP) on the financial performance of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, emphasizing the moderating role of investor sentiments. For this purpos, 121 companies were selected as the final sample of the research using the systematic elimination method, and the required data were collected from these companies during the years 2014 to 2021. This study is applied research and the type of statistical analysis is descriptive-correlational. The results Indicates investor sentiments have a positive and significant effect on financial performance. Also, the impact of CSP on financial performance has been directly and significantly observed. Finally, the findings of the research showed that investor sentiments have strengthened the impact of CSP on the financial performance of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
270 - Investigating the Effect of Deficit in the Factors of Auditors' Executive Function on Their Moral Judgment
reyhaneh haghighi Mohammad Ali Bagherpour Velashani ali ghanaee Mohammad Reza AbbaszadehThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of deficit in the factors of auditors' executive function (in Self-Time Management, Self-Organization, Self-Control, Self-Motivation) on their moral judgment. The research is a descriptive and survey method.The stat MoreThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of deficit in the factors of auditors' executive function (in Self-Time Management, Self-Organization, Self-Control, Self-Motivation) on their moral judgment. The research is a descriptive and survey method.The statistical population consists of external auditors. The samples size is determined based on related formula for the method used to test hypotheses (it destrebuted to number of 120 people and finally fulfield by 70 people). The field survey and questionnaire were used for data collection. The research hypotheses were also examined using the structural equation method (SEM).The results show that deficit in the self-organization (problem solving) and self-control (behavioral inhibition) has a negative effect on the auditor's ethical judgment. Deficit in executive function has a negative effect on memory (retrieving information and procedures related to work), attention and performance, and weakness in these factors have a negative effect on the quality of auditor’s moral judgment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
271 - Energetic and electronic properties of bilirubin photoisomerization products using density functional theory
Maryam Taheri احسان زاهدی Mohammad Taghi BaeiThe thermodynamic stability and the electronic structures of bilirubin isomers along the photoisomerization process have been studied using the density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory in aqueous solvent medium. The stability of 4Z,15Z isom MoreThe thermodynamic stability and the electronic structures of bilirubin isomers along the photoisomerization process have been studied using the density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory in aqueous solvent medium. The stability of 4Z,15Z isomer in comparison with other isomers is due to the presence of six intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The most stable bilirubin isomer has the lowest and the most unstable isomer has the highest electron–hole pair binding energy in the S1 excited state. The maximum absorption band for all studied isomers are related to the HOMO→LUMO and HOMO→LUMO+1 electron transfers due to the π→π* charge transfer while the weak peak of UV-Vis spectrum is related to the n→π* charge transfer. The main absorption wavelength in the bilirubin isomers around 400 nm for blue-purple light and its complementary color is yellow-orange. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
272 - Identification and Comparison of the Extractives Chemical Compounds in Leaves of Planted Eldar Pine and Plane Tree by GC-MS Methods
mohammadbagher pashazanosi. The results of this study showed that the average of extractives in leaves of planted eldar pine and plane tree were 16.2 and 14.4 percent respectively. Then wood flour was washed by acetone. To the extractives residue was added BSTFA reactor and samples kept in Ben M More. The results of this study showed that the average of extractives in leaves of planted eldar pine and plane tree were 16.2 and 14.4 percent respectively. Then wood flour was washed by acetone. To the extractives residue was added BSTFA reactor and samples kept in Ben Marry Bath in 70oC for an hour, and they were analyzed by GC/MS. For the Identification of compounds were used GC diagram which shows abundance and retention time of each compound, and calculation of quartz index and Adams table. The result showed there are 20 compounds in leaves of plane tree that n-Hexadecanoic acid(24.28%), Heptadecan-8-carbonic acid(18.05%), Octadecanoic acid(14.1%) and E Vitamin (2.81%) were important compounds. There are and 45 compounds in leaves of elder pine tree that 9,12,15-Octadecatrien-1-ol(11.49%), 4-Methylmannose (10.68%), Mome Inositol(9.65%) and Phytol(0.64) were important compounds. there were Decan, Dodecan, Neophytadiene and Octadecanoic acid as 5 common compounds in leaves of planted elder pine and plane tree. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
273 - Narrative time in proverb masnavi jallal and jamal of nazlabadi according to Gerard Genette,s theory
Roghayeh Noormohammadi abdolhosein farzadTime in narrative is one of important topies and bas ic components in creation story which is taken into consideration by different narratologists in recent decades. By examining time, we can realize the importance of an event in the writer,s opinion to achieve his goal MoreTime in narrative is one of important topies and bas ic components in creation story which is taken into consideration by different narratologists in recent decades. By examining time, we can realize the importance of an event in the writer,s opinion to achieve his goal. Among these, Gerard Genettes vole, French structuralism, ln the development thory of narrative time as one of the most important advancement components in the narrative is very significant. Genette proposes his narrative time theory in three concepts:order,duration and frequency. The romantic Masnavi jamal and jallal nazlabadi Unknown poet in the ninth century- has well used the concept if time and sometimes he disturbs the sequence of liner time to make the text,turmoil and he goes back with a flashback and Sometimes he looks briefty to the future and returns to the main text again-the author has generally used positive acceleration process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
274 - The Content Analysis of Proverbs in Saadi's Goolestan and Jamalzadeh's Once upon a Time
Gholamreza Ansarifard Shams alhahieh ardelani Seeyed Ahamad Hosseini kazerooniProverbs in Persian literature are one of the most valuable treasures, which have appeared in poets’ and writers’ works since long times ago and they have enriched these works. The writer of this article is trying to apply an analytical method for content co MoreProverbs in Persian literature are one of the most valuable treasures, which have appeared in poets’ and writers’ works since long times ago and they have enriched these works. The writer of this article is trying to apply an analytical method for content comparison of proverbs in two prose works belonging to two famous and outstanding writers in seventh and contemporary century, respectively; the two works are Saadi’s Goolestsan and Jamalzadeh's Once upon a time. An attempt is made to compare and analyze the attitude of these two writers; Golestan and Once upon a Time – Yeki bood yeki nabood. These two works have a considerable effect on Persian literature over two different segments of times, both writers have used proverbs to convey their messages. In this research, an attempt is made to present typical feedbacks of these proverbs with content analysis of both works at a glance. The article ends up with a conclusion, and the result from the content attitude shows that Saadi has used the proverbs that he himself has created, and mostly, these proverbs possess profound points and moral and educational values. But Jamalzadeh's witing style and his attitude is only an imagery look because he is going to clarify images and scenes of the story which play a considerable role in the enrichment of his language. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
275 - The Image of Zarvan in theKooshnameh*
N. Motevaseli M. NadafiThis paper studies Zarvani religion in the epic textbook Kooshnameh written by Iranshah (Iranshan) bin Abal-kheir. Zarvan, the god of time, is of popular ancient Persian religions and its concepts and philosophy have been reflected vastly in the Persian literatures, in MoreThis paper studies Zarvani religion in the epic textbook Kooshnameh written by Iranshah (Iranshan) bin Abal-kheir. Zarvan, the god of time, is of popular ancient Persian religions and its concepts and philosophy have been reflected vastly in the Persian literatures, in particular epic texts. In this textby means of context analysis method, first we will briefly introduce Zarvanismand then we will investigatethe Zarvan corresponding concept based on several related verses from the Kooshnameh. We will show that Zarvan is represented widely in the Kooshnameh in two aspects of 'Time' and 'Sky'. 'Time' is appeared as restricted time and unlimited time such as day and night; destiny and fate; and dark face of inevitable death. 'Sky' is also denoted as stars of destiny, astrology, and deterministic fate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
276 - The Time Managementin Ferdowsi’s Shahname
Hadi Khadivar Nahid LotfianFor having a better life with a safe social relationship, progress, and transformation we need some patterns and methods to move toward success and perfection. Persian literature classic texts impressingby Islamic-Iranian culturehave presented manypatternsand waysin its MoreFor having a better life with a safe social relationship, progress, and transformation we need some patterns and methods to move toward success and perfection. Persian literature classic texts impressingby Islamic-Iranian culturehave presented manypatternsand waysin its fine and exemplary stories and speeches. Theycan be considered and commented by the youth of the presentrace. Among these textsFerdowsi’s work tries to sketches an utopia by considering cultural and social values and preparing human being for progress and change.In this article, we have found many patterns and methods in Shahnameh that sociologists andpsychologists have considered for managing the time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
277 - Thermo-Elastic and Time-Dependent Creep Evolution Behaviour of Ferritic Steel Rotating Disks using Theta Projection Concept
H. Daghigh V. Daghigh -
Open Access Article
278 - Expert System Approach for Optimization of Design and Manufacturing Process for Rotary Ultrasonic Machining
Morteza Sadegh Amalnik -
Open Access Article
279 - Effect of Welding Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Spot Welded of Titanium Alloy TiAl6V4
Saeid Nader Masoud Kasiri- Asgarani kamran amini Morteza Shamanian -
Open Access Article
280 - Estimation of the Time-Dependent Heat Flux Using Temperature Distribution at a Point in a Three Layer System with None Homogeneous Boundary Conditions
Mohammad Mohammadiun -
Open Access Article
281 - Designing an Impedance Control Algorithm for a Teleoperation System for Orthopedic Surgery
Abolghasem Mokhtari sayedali mousavi -
Open Access Article
282 - Effect of Deposition Time on the Morphological Features and Structure of DLC Coatings on Aluminuim-T6 by PACVD
seyed mohammad mahdi shafiei Hamed raeiesifard kameleh Jafari -
Open Access Article
283 - Experimental Study on the Effects of Friction Stir Spot Welding Process Parameters on AL2024T3 Joint Strength
Majid Farhang Mohammadreza Farahani Moein Enami -
Open Access Article
284 - Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Injection Molding Main Parameters’ Effects on Shrinkage and Warpage of a Thin Sheet Made of HDPE
Ali Massah Nathan Jafarian Jam Ehsan Soury -
Open Access Article
285 - Comparison of reaction time, distraction and fatigue in the drivers involved in accidents and normal drivers
محمد نریمانی سوران رجبی بتول احدی سید سامان حسینیThe aim of this research was to compare the reaction time, distraction and fatigue factor between two groups of drivers with accidental experience and no accident experience. Method of research was ex-post facto and statistical population were all drivers with accidenta MoreThe aim of this research was to compare the reaction time, distraction and fatigue factor between two groups of drivers with accidental experience and no accident experience. Method of research was ex-post facto and statistical population were all drivers with accidental experience who referred to traffic centers and drivers with no accident experience, among them two groups of thirty were selected with the use of simple random sampling. Assessment tools consisted of Reaction Chronoscope (Dunders, 1968), Toulous-Pieron’s Distraction Test (Pieron, 1986), and Fatigue Test (Krupp et al, 1989). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results showed that average of feet and hand reaction time is significantly higher in the accident-experienced drivers than no accident experience drivers (P < 0.01). Also distraction and fatigue was higher in the accident-experienced drivers than drivers with no accident experience (P < 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
286 - The Relationship Between Creativity,Conscientiousness, Time Motivational and Attitudinal Aspects and Time Management
Nader Hajloo Nader Hajloo Naser Sobhi Gharamaleki Saeideh NooriThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between creativity, conscientiousness, time motivational and attitudinal aspects and time management. For this reason 288 Mohaghegh Ardabili university undergraduate students (150 females, 138 males) were selec MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between creativity, conscientiousness, time motivational and attitudinal aspects and time management. For this reason 288 Mohaghegh Ardabili university undergraduate students (150 females, 138 males) were selected via cluster random sampling method. All students completed Barling, Kelloway & Cheung’s time management questionnaire (1996), Gough’s Creative personality scale (1979), NEO Five-Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992), Perceived control of time scale (Claessens et al, 2004), Time style scale (Usunier & Valette – Florance, 2007), Time management behavior scale (Macan et al, 1990). The data from path analysis indicated that better time management was accompanied with higher level of creativity, conscientiousness, tenacity (persistence), perceived control of time and preference for organization (P sss Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
287 - The prediction of academic procrastination based on the power of time management variables, belief, self-esteem among female students of Payame Noor University of Damghan
Zahra Amirhossine Ali Shirafkan Mojtaba RajabpourEducational procrastination is able to inhibit learning process and reduce academic achievement. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to predict academic procrastination based on time management, belief, and self esteem variables at Payame Noor University of Damghan MoreEducational procrastination is able to inhibit learning process and reduce academic achievement. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to predict academic procrastination based on time management, belief, and self esteem variables at Payame Noor University of Damghan. A total of 204 undergraduate undergraduate students who participated in scientific research were selected from 621 students studying in the academic year of 2017-2018. This research is descriptive and correlational. Data were collected by Educational Inventory Questionnaire (Solomon and Rothblum, 1984), Self-esteem Questionnaire (Cooper Smith, 1967), IQI Questionnaire (Babaie, 1377), Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ) (Britton and Tesser, 1991). The results were used to test the hypotheses and confirm or reject them from multiple regression statistics. Results showed that time management and self-esteem have a reciprocal effect on academic proclivity in students (p<0.01). There is also no significant relationship between academic procrastination with entity intelligence belief, but this variable has an inverse relationship with incremental intelligence belief (p<0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
288 - Comparison of the efficacy metacognitive strategies and time management training on test anxiety and academic self-efficacy in Secondary School Female Students
leila shoaei alireza heidarie saeed bakhtiarpour parviz askariThe purpose of this study was to compare of the effect of metacognitive strategies and time management training on test anxiety and academic self-efficacy in Secondary School Female Students. The statistical population of this study included all female student high MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare of the effect of metacognitive strategies and time management training on test anxiety and academic self-efficacy in Secondary School Female Students. The statistical population of this study included all female student high school Behbahan City in year academic 2018-2019, using a targeted sampling method, 45 of them were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (each group of 15 Student). To collect data Test Anxiety Questionnaire of Spielberger, Gonzalez, Taylor, Algaze & Anton (1978) and Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire of Jing & Morgan (1999). This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group. The experimental groups underwent metacognitive strategies (6 sessions 90 minutes) and time management training (7 sessions 60 minutes), but the control group received no training. Data were analysed using covariance analysis. The results showed that metacognitive strategies and time management training was effective to decrease test anxiety and increase academic self-efficacy in students (p<0.01). Also, the results showed that metacognitive strategies had a greater effect than time management training on decrease test anxiety and increase academic self-efficacy in students (p<0.01). It can be used to metacognitive strategies training to decrease test anxiety and increase academic self-efficacy in students.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
289 - A comparative study on the effects of three methods of group education of academic vitality, positivism, and time perspective on academic engagement and academic vitality of ninth-grade male students
Mohsen sharifi mozhgan arefi asghar aghaeiThe present study aimed to compare the effects of group education of academic vitality, positivism, and time perspective on academic engagement and academic vitality of ninth-grade male students in Isfahan. This study was a quasi-experimental research with a four-group MoreThe present study aimed to compare the effects of group education of academic vitality, positivism, and time perspective on academic engagement and academic vitality of ninth-grade male students in Isfahan. This study was a quasi-experimental research with a four-group three-stage design. The statistical population of the study included ninth-grade male students in the academic year of 2020-2021. The sample size included 72 ninth- grade students who were selected by purposeful sampling method. Data measurement tools included Academic Engagement Questionnaire (Fredericks, Blumenfeld & Paris, 2004) and Academic Vitality Questionnaire (Dehghanizadeh & Huseinchari, 2013). Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance. These analyzes were performed using SPSS-22 software. The results revealed a significant difference among the groups in the scores of academic engagement and scores of academic vitality in the studied methods (P <0.05). School counselors and psychologists who want to improve students' academic engagement and vitality are recommended to use workshops on the effectiveness of educational vitality, positivism, and time perspective as much as possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
290 - The mediating role of time perspective in explaining the causal relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in female student in the second region
Atefe Karimi simindokht rezakhani Masoumeh BehboudiThe aim of this study is to explain the role of the mediation of time perspective in explaining the causal relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in female student in the second region. The research method was a correlational relationship. The s MoreThe aim of this study is to explain the role of the mediation of time perspective in explaining the causal relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in female student in the second region. The research method was a correlational relationship. The statistical population this study formed of the female second middle school students in the second region of Tehran in the academic year of 1399-1400. Az the sampel 300 students were selected in an accessible and voluntary way. The questionnaires of Academic Procrastination(Solomon & Rathblum, 1984), Perfectionism(Frost, 1990) and The Time Perspective (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999) were used. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling statistical method.The findings showed that positive perfectionism and the future negative dimension (p <0.01), negative perfectionism and the present fatalistic (p <0.01), predicted academic procrastination. The future dimensions and the present fatalistic mediate a negative relationship between positive perfectionism and academic procrastination and a positive relationship between negative perfectionism and academic procrastination among the time perspective dimensions(p <0.01). Generally, perfectionism and time perspective can explain 59% of the variance of academic procrastination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
291 - The Effect of Sentence Order Techniques on Learning Adverbs among Pre-intermediate Students
Bahman Gorjian Sarah Moradi -
Open Access Article
292 - The Effects of Planning Time Conditions and Writing Type on the Writing Quality of Iranian EFL Writers
Hossein Pourghasemian Mohammad Baqerzadeh Hosseini -
Open Access Article
293 - Lived Experiences of Iranian Archivists in a Phenomenological Study of a Multimedia-assisted Task-based ESP Course
Zahra Zarghami Roya Khoii -
Open Access Article
294 - A Study of the Effect of Time Management on Academic Achievement of Students of Islamic Azad University Maragheh Branch
Khosroo Jahanseir karim Salehzadeh Habibe Vesagi Aghbal MosavifarAbstract In order to study the effect of time management on student's academic achievement, 4450 people were selected based on Jerjsi & Morgan diagrams, their sex and field of study. 345 people were selected by classified sampling and responding to Britton and Tesse MoreAbstract In order to study the effect of time management on student's academic achievement, 4450 people were selected based on Jerjsi & Morgan diagrams, their sex and field of study. 345 people were selected by classified sampling and responding to Britton and Tesser(1999) questionnaire, which had three main dimensions, namely, .1) Long-term planning, . 2) Short-term planning and . 3)Time information, which were analyzed using methods of statistical correlation, independent T and variance. Finally, the following data emerged. The result, of the correlation test showed that there is a meaningful relation between short-term planning and time value in academic achievement. However, there is no meaningful relationship between long-term planning and academic achievement. Moreover, there was no difference in the accuracy of time management between the boys and girls. The result's of the analysis of variance of the students' age, term and field of study with time management showed that there is a meaningful relation between age and fields of study of students with time management, but the difference between various terms of students and time management was not observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
295 - A Study of the way Spending Leisure Time of University Instructors of Islamic Azad & State University of Shahrekord
فاطمه سلطانی سامانی غلامرضا احمدی بدری شاه طالبیIn present research was studying how instructors at State University and Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord spend their leisure time in terms of cultural, economic, educational, sporting-recreational and family activities. The method of research was descriptive su MoreIn present research was studying how instructors at State University and Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord spend their leisure time in terms of cultural, economic, educational, sporting-recreational and family activities. The method of research was descriptive survey. To obtain the objectives of the study, three faculties at State University and Azad University of Shahrekord were selected based on cluster random sampling. Due to the smallness of the sample, the participants in the study were all 220 full-time faculty members at these six faculties. The instrument of the study was a researcher-made questionnaire with 26 close-ended questions. Content validity was employed to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire and cronbach’s AlPha coefficient its reliability was found 0.87. The process of data analysis included the utilization of the t-test, the Scheffe test, the ANOVA and the independent t-test. The result showed that the spent leisure time in terms of sporting-recreational activities were less then average at both universities. In terms of cultural activities, instructors at Azad University spent less than average leisure time but at State University it was more then average. From economic point of view the leisure time was less than average for both university while in terms of educational and family activities both universities showed a level higher than the average. At Azad University, female instructors showed higher level of activities with regard to sporting recreational and family issues than male instructors but at State University the difference was not significant. At State University the amount of cultural activities of marrie instructors were more than those of ummarried while at Azad University the difference was not significant.It was also found that the amount of leisure time of the university instructors at both universities were more for those with master degrees than phDs but this difference among the different faculties was not significant. At Azad University, the difference in terms of economic, educational and family activities, based on the experience of the instructos, was significant while the State University didn't show any significant difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
296 - The impact of leisure curriculum on leisure skills of the male secondary school students in Mashhad
Abdolhamid Kam Maghsood Amin Khandaghi Ali MashhadiBecause of the importance of adulthood and the vast amount of leisure time during this period, the leisure curriculum has been highly noticed. Since leisure activities are of the necessities of students' life, this research was conducted to study about the effect of lei MoreBecause of the importance of adulthood and the vast amount of leisure time during this period, the leisure curriculum has been highly noticed. Since leisure activities are of the necessities of students' life, this research was conducted to study about the effect of leisure curriculum on Leisure Skills.The research method was quasi-experimental and one group pretest -posttest design was used. The statistical population was composed of 2996 male secondary school students in Mashhad who had participated in recreation programs during the summer. The sample size consisted of 268 student were selected by Kukran formula. Cluster random sampling was used, too. To collect the data, a questionnaire (including126 questions) was utilized to measure the skills of leisure time including self-awareness, leisure awareness, decision making, social skills and the self-regulatory. The validity of the instrument was obtained through content validity and its reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha as 0/76. For data analysis, t-test was used. The results indicated that leisure curriculum significantly increased the students' leisure skills (p>0.000). in other words, leisure curriculum has a great impact on students' leisure skills. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
297 - The Effect of Teaching Time Management on Self-Directed Learning in the first grade of second cycle of secondary school girlâs students
فریبا کریمی زهرا دلاورThe present study was conducted to measure the effect of teaching Time Management on self-directed learning in the first-grade high school girl students. The research method was semi experimental and the research design was pretest-posttest with the control group. The u MoreThe present study was conducted to measure the effect of teaching Time Management on self-directed learning in the first-grade high school girl students. The research method was semi experimental and the research design was pretest-posttest with the control group. The used sampling method was randomized cluster. To this end, two classes, with 30 students each, were randomly selected as “Experimental” and “Control” from a girls’ high school in Falavargion region. The data collection instrument comprised a self-directed learning questionnaire (Fisher et al, 2001) which its face, content, and construct validities had been measured .the reliability of which, also, by means of Cronbach's Alpha, was calculated as 0.81. Both groups responded to the self-directed learning questionnaire as pretest. Then, Time Management was taught to the experimental group, in eight sessions of 1.5 hours each, over a one-month period. Next, both groups were administered a post-test. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance. The findings indicated that the mean scores for self-directed learning and their elements (i.e. self-management, motivation to learn and self-control) increased in the experimental group on the post-test compared to those on the pre-test. Consequently, teaching Time Management improved self-directed learning and its elements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
298 - What is all this fuss about teaching models?
masoud asadi asghar shiralipur mohammad reza behrangiThe purpose of present research was to investigate the differences in education, nurturing and storage time of the memory contents in the two methods of traditional teaching and combined model.The research procedure was quasi-experimental design. The studied community w MoreThe purpose of present research was to investigate the differences in education, nurturing and storage time of the memory contents in the two methods of traditional teaching and combined model.The research procedure was quasi-experimental design. The studied community was included all male students in Marand city. All of them were the 5th grade students who were enrolled in the 2009-2010 academic year. The sample group was consisted of 36 male students that were selected via disposal sampling and allocated into experimental and control groups. Measurement tools was the researcher-made questionnaire. Result analysis of covariance and effect size revealed that there was no significant difference between the traditional teaching and combination models in terms of education, but there was a significant difference between traditional teaching and combination models in terms of nurturing and storage time of the memory contents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
299 - Presenting a model in order to evaluate the effactive factors on expanding the teaching of perceived agility (The Case of High School Students of Isfahan City)
samane bolboli farhad shafiepoor motlaghThe purpose of the present a model in order to evaluate the effective factors on expanding the teaching of perceived agility. The population studied in the present research includes Esfahan high school students in academic year 1392-93. A multi- stage clustered random s MoreThe purpose of the present a model in order to evaluate the effective factors on expanding the teaching of perceived agility. The population studied in the present research includes Esfahan high school students in academic year 1392-93. A multi- stage clustered random sampling method was used to select the sample and 382 students were chosen.The present study instruments include three questionnaires namely: 1. The researcher made questionnaire about the factors on expanding the teaching of perceived agility. 2. Psychological rehabilitation researcher-made questionnair3. The researcher made questionnaire on expanding the teaching of perceived agility. For data analysis including person correlation method and step-by-step multi correlation and rout analysis model. Generally, the research findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between using flexibility, time management skills, using creative skills in students and developing perceived agility. The findings also indicate that cognitive rehabilitation, the relationship between time management skills, flexibility in teaching and using creativity skills in teaching, meditate students with developing of teaching perceived agility. Also the results indicate that the studied mode lain this research has a relatively ideal fitting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
300 - Comparison of Learning and Reminder Levels of Multivariate Learning Classroom Technology and Inverted Classes and Elementary Classes
Alireza Badeleh Hamed Mahmoodzadeh Reza KabirizadehThe research seeks to find out whether there is a difference in the level of learning and reminder from training to multimedia classroom technology, classroom, reverse, and classroom classes in elementary sixth science. The research method is quasi-experimental. The sam MoreThe research seeks to find out whether there is a difference in the level of learning and reminder from training to multimedia classroom technology, classroom, reverse, and classroom classes in elementary sixth science. The research method is quasi-experimental. The sampling method was a cluster sampling, so that at first, several areas of Karaj district 3 were randomly selected and then a school in that area was selected randomly. The statistical population of the study includes all 8304 elementary school students in the sixth grade of boys' elementary schools in the academic year of 1996-96 in the 3rd district of Karaj. The research tool was a researcher-made multi-test, whose validity was confirmed by the outstanding Kishiyur professors and its reliability was 0.81 by Cronbach's alpha method. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 20 software. The results showed that reverse learning method has a positive effect on students 'learning and learning, and other methods of classroom teaching, multimedia class, and traditional classes do not affect students' learning and learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
301 - A new structure for microchip capillary electrophoresis with high velocity and resolution and efficiency
Seyyedeh Sepideh Taheri Otaghsara Bahram Azizollah Ganji Morteza Fathipur -
Open Access Article
302 - Manufacture and Assessment of Photo Finish Devices in Comparison with Manual Measurements of Track and Field Tests
Ahmadreza Askari Majid Khorvash Majid Namnabat -
Open Access Article
303 - Estimation of Breast Tumor Location using Phase Information and Received Signal Delay
Mohammad Ali Pourmina javad Nouri pour Mohamad Naser Moghaddasi behbod Ghalamkari -
Open Access Article
304 - Δ∑ Fractional-N Synthesizer for GSM-E-900 Frequency Standard
Alireza Bagherzadeh Mostafa Yargholi -
Open Access Article
305 - Recommender System Based On Collaborative Filtering Using Polarity Improvement in Sentiment Analysis
Alaleh Hosseini Charyani Alireza Norouzi -
Open Access Article
306 - Distributed Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks through Mimetic Algorithm and Time-Sharing Approach to Select Cluster Head
Sahar Nassirpour Shayesteh Tabatabaei -
Open Access Article
307 - A Comprehensive review of self-stabilization algorithm and its applications in wireless networks
zargham heidari hamed Gorginpour Mahdi Shahparasti -
Open Access Article
308 - Improving the Mean Time to Failure of the System with the New Architecture of the Main Node with the Replacement Node of Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks for Monitoring and Control using Markov Model
Ahmadreza Zamani Mohammad Ali Pourmina Ramin Shaghaghi Kandovan -
Open Access Article
309 - Customer Behavior Analysis using Wild Horse Optimization Algorithm
Raheleh Sharifi Mohammadreza Ramezanpour -
Open Access Article
310 - Reconstruction of cloud-free time series satellite observations of land surface temperature (LST) using harmonic analysis of time series algorithm (HANTS)
Hamid Reza Ghafarian Malamiri Hadi Zare KhormizieLand surface temperature (LST) is an essential parameter in the energy exchange between the earth surface and atmosphere. It is widely used in various scientific fields, such as climatology, hydrology, agriculture, ecology, public health and environmental science where MoreLand surface temperature (LST) is an essential parameter in the energy exchange between the earth surface and atmosphere. It is widely used in various scientific fields, such as climatology, hydrology, agriculture, ecology, public health and environmental science where the time series analysis of LST is vital. One of the methods to estimate LST is to use thermal remote sensing technique and infra-red satellite imageries. But, the time series satellite data are commonly prone to miss data, outliers (spatially and temporally) due to clouds, aerosols, cloud masking algorithm malfunctioning and sensor errors. In this study, to solve the problem of missing data (gaps) and outliers Harmonic ANalysis of Time Series algorithm (HANTS) was used. The day and night MODIS LST products (MOD11A1) were used in 2015, with 1 kilometers and daily spatial and temporal resolution, respectively. The study area covers most part of Iran, Turkmenistan and the Caspian Sea, which belongs to an image frame that in the sinusoidal MODIS frame system has the horizontal and vertical number of 22 and 5 (h22v05), respectively. The quality evaluation of original data showed that on average 36.8 and 35.6 percentage of data was covered by a cloud by day and night time. The results of the HANTS algorithm illustrated that the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between the original and reconstructed data were 3.87 and 2.68 Kelvin during the day and night time. The results of this study indicate that HANTS algorithm can effectively solve the problem of gaps and outliers and improve the quality of data used in time series LST of MODIS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
311 - Soil moisture estimation using Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
Hassan Rezaii Moghadam Mohsen Hosseinalizadeh Nahed Berdi Sheikh Roya JafariThis study was carried out in the western catchment of the Behzisty Township in Gorgan, Golestan province in order to develop the regression models of soil moisture. In this study, the desired measurements were made in 18 locations using TDR during 6 running days after MoreThis study was carried out in the western catchment of the Behzisty Township in Gorgan, Golestan province in order to develop the regression models of soil moisture. In this study, the desired measurements were made in 18 locations using TDR during 6 running days after a relatively intense rainfall event at different depths of soil. The digital elevation model was prepared from UltraCam images taken in 2014 with the pixel size of 1×1 m in order to estimate the terrain properties. Finally, the regression model was developed with respect to these characteristics and soil moisture. The results showed that important terrain characteristics which are greatly associated with soil moisture are horizontal curvature, slope, aspect and wetness index in the regression model. These results suggest that the diversion of material flow has controlled the amount of water in the soil, slope aspect and soil moisture. The results showed that the developed regression models can forecast at least 44 to 60% of the total variations of soil moisture in the watershed scale. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
312 - A New Approach to The University Course Timetabling Problem based on Clustering Algorithms & Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making
behzad mohammadkhani hamed Babaei, davod eskandari mohammadreza hasanzadeh Introduction: The UCTTP problem is a hybrid optimization problem that belongs to the NP-hard class, hence determining the optimal or analytical solution of this problem is challenging. This problem, which occurs at the beginning of the university semester, involve More Introduction: The UCTTP problem is a hybrid optimization problem that belongs to the NP-hard class, hence determining the optimal or analytical solution of this problem is challenging. This problem, which occurs at the beginning of the university semester, involves allocating events (courses, faculty, and students) to a number of time slot and specific number of rooms. The UCTTP problem must satisfy both hard and soft constraints so that feasible time tables are obtained after complete and correct satisfaction of all hard constraints. Satisfaction of soft constraints is merely for the quality improvement of the produced feasible time tables and unlike hard constraint their satisfaction is not mandatory. Another important issue associated with this problem is the multiplicity and variety of constraints (hard and soft) that are completely case dependent. The soft constraints considered by each solution (schedule) are evaluated by the penalty function, which is obtained by a summation operator. In this operator, a weight is assigned to each soft constraint, and according to these weights, a penalty function is obtained, the output of the penalty function is used in the objective function which yields final solutions. After obtaining all the final solutions, the schedule tables that have no collisions, that is, satisfy all the strict constraints, and secondly, have a higher value in terms of the value of the objective function are selected.Method: According to the simulation results, it can be said that in using clustering algorithms, the efficiency of fuzzy C-clustering algorithm in minimizing resource loss (surplus) and descending satisfaction of soft constraints of common lecturers of faculties is higher than funnel clustering algorithm and the K-mean.Findings: The optimal ratio of the number of applied penalties for the violations of lecturers’ soft constraints and the percentage of violations of lecturers among the fuzzy multi-criteria decision comparison algorithms, local search and genetics, as well as the combination of these algorithms are related to the combination of two comparison algorithms (i.e. fuzzy multi-criteria decision making and local search).Discussion and Conclusion: We observed that with regards to the percentage of satisfaction of soft constraints of common lecturers, the combination of local search algorithms with C-fuzzy clustering shows the best performance and f fuzzy multi-criteria decision comparison algorithm has the worst performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
313 - Adversarial Attacks in a text sentiment Analysis model
Sahar Mokarrami Sefidab Seyed Abolghasem Mirroshandel hamidreza Ahmadifar Mahdi MokarramiBackground and Purpose: Recently some researchers have shown that deep learning models, despite their high accuracy, can be vulnerable through some manipulations of their input samples. This manipulation leads to the production of new samples called Adversarial examples MoreBackground and Purpose: Recently some researchers have shown that deep learning models, despite their high accuracy, can be vulnerable through some manipulations of their input samples. This manipulation leads to the production of new samples called Adversarial examples. These samples are very similar to the original ones, so humans cannot differentiate between these samples and the original, and cannot remove them from the dataset before predicting the model and preventing model errors. Various types of research have been done to generate malicious samples and inject them into the model, among which, the production of text samples has its own difficulties due to the discrete nature of the text. In this research, we tried to reach the highest level of vulnerability by providing a method with the least manipulation of the input data, and by testing the proposed method, we were able to bring the accuracy of CNN and LSTM models to less than 10%.Methods: In this research, for making malicious samples, first, a word that can increase the amount of error in the classification prediction is selected from the word dictionary as a candidate word for replacement by using Taylor expansion and then considering the importance of each word in the calculated cost of the corresponding candidate word, we proposed an arrangement for substitution between words. Finally, we moved the words in the specified order until the output of the model changed.Results: The evaluation of the presented method on two sentiment analysis models, LSTM and CNN, has shown that the proposed method has been very effective in reducing the accuracy of both models to less than 10% with a small number of replacements and this indicates the success of the proposed method compared to some other similar methods.Conclusion: As mentioned, most of the attention of science and industry is on the production of different systems using deep learning methods, so their security of them is also important. It is important to increase the strength of the models against adversarial examples. In this research, a method with the least amount of manipulation was presented to produce textual conflict samples. It seems that in the future it will be possible to use different methods of making natural texts to produce samples that, in addition to the apparent similarity to the original sample, are also comprehensible in terms of content. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
314 - Evaluating the Performance of Intelligent Traffic Signals Based on Firefly Algorithm Applied in an Adaptive Control System
fariba jabbari Mehdi Fallah TaftiIntroductionIn this article, the performance of adaptive traffic signal control systems based on an artificial intelligence technique, namely Firefly Algorithm, for traffic control at urban intersections has been investigated. In order to check the proposed algorithm, t MoreIntroductionIn this article, the performance of adaptive traffic signal control systems based on an artificial intelligence technique, namely Firefly Algorithm, for traffic control at urban intersections has been investigated. In order to check the proposed algorithm, the required data were first collected from two intersections in Yazd city. These intersections were then simulated using AIMSUN traffic simulator software and calibrated and validated under existing conditions. In the next step, the adaptive control system based on the proposed Firefly algorithm was developed and then used in simulated intersections and its performance was compared with pre-time control system in terms of intersection traffic capacity and vehicle queue length at the entry approaches. The t-test was used for a more scientific investigation. For this reason SPSS software was used as one of the most widely used statistical software to perform this test.MethodIn order to concurrently optimize vehicle departure volume or throughputat and queue length at the entry approaches of each intersection, the Firefly algorithm was used to to develop a multi-objective adaptive traffic signal control logic and appropriately distribute the effective green time in each cycle between the entry approaches. ResultsThe simulation results indicated a lower average queue length and higher throughput when the proposed adaptive model was compared with pre-time model at both intersections. The t-test results showed that the adaptive traffic signal control method has resulted in a significant lower average queue length than the pre-time time control at one of the intersections with p-value equal to 0.002. However, this improvement was not statistically significant for the other intersection. Moreover, the t-test results on the average flow departure volume measure for both intersections indicated a significant improvement with p-value equal to 0.000. when the proposed adaptive method was compared to the pre- time method.DiscussionAccording to the results, the proposed adaptive model showed better overall performance in the scope of this research than the pre-time control method. The results indicate that the performance of adpative signal controls could be enhanced when artificial intelligence techniques such as Firefly algorithm are used in the control logic and a multi-objective optimization approach is used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
315 - Implementing a Realtime Localization System based on Zigbee protocol
Omid Pakdel AzarRealtime Localization System is one of the several technologies in order to track the objects and target location. In this paper, a novel positioning system is represented, which is based on Ultra-Wideband technology. The proposed system is used to utilized the TDOA alg MoreRealtime Localization System is one of the several technologies in order to track the objects and target location. In this paper, a novel positioning system is represented, which is based on Ultra-Wideband technology. The proposed system is used to utilized the TDOA algorithm. In this method, the distance between the source and the target node is estimated by measuring the time of sending and receiving the message. Furthermore, we use a Zigbee protocol to implement a communication link between different nodes in this system. The software libraries are implemented independently. The result shows that our positioning system provides an accuracy of 20cm in terms of ranging. In addition, the data rate of the Zigbee link is 72byte per second. This amount of error can be greatly reduced by interpolating and calibrating custom environments. This accuracy is an acceptable and negligible error due to the error of 10 to 100 meters in expensive modules with GPS technology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
316 - Applying of Zhang neural network in time-varying nonlinear function optimization
zeinab Mousavi elaahe Karami Kobra GholamiAbstract: Optimization of nonlinear time-varying functions, as a subset of nonlinear programming, has been widely observed in various economic and engineering models. In energy management, one example of optimizing nonlinear functions with time-variable components is th MoreAbstract: Optimization of nonlinear time-varying functions, as a subset of nonlinear programming, has been widely observed in various economic and engineering models. In energy management, one example of optimizing nonlinear functions with time-variable components is the efficient allocation of energy resources and managing changes in demand and supply, leading to increased efficiency and reduced energy waste. In this article, we intend to use Zhang neural networks for optimizing nonlinear functions with time-varying components. By harnessing the parallel processing power of neural networks, Zhang networks search the solution space faster than traditional methods, significantly reducing the required computational time. In this research, the proposed neural network receives data using MATLAB software. The data is first standardized using standard normalization methods. The data is then divided into four stages: training, testing, experimenting and validation which are further evaluated in five phases. The training data is based on the Luenberger-Madala algorithm for the first layer and a linear function for the second layer. Subsequently, the best network structure is considered with the transformation function and the proposed neural network model is tested in five stages. In this paper, we are going to use Zhang's neural networks to optimize time-varying nonlinear functions. In this direction, a general Zhang discretization model with truncation error O (τ^5) has been used and an attempt has been made to study two general five-stage discrete time models of the Zhang neural network and survey about parameter a_1 and expand the optimal step size h. In this research, using MATLAB software, in order to enter the data into the proposed neural network, they are first normalized with the standard normalization method. The desired data in the research were examined and evaluated in four stages, training, testing, second step of testing and validation and in five phases. The training of the data is based on the Lunberg-Maud algorithm model for the first layer and linear function for the second layer. In the following, the best network structure with transformation function is considered and based on the proposed neural network model, it has been tested in five stages. On the other hand, during the past decades, neural network has attracted the attention of researchers due to its good features, including distributed storage, high-speed parallel processing, hardware applications, and superior performance in large-scale online applications. has attracted Some neural networks have been developed to solve nonlinear optimization during recent decades Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
317 - Sentiment Analysis of People’s opinion about Iranian National Cars with BERT
Leila Gonbadi Niloofar RanjbarIntroduction: With the development of the internet and social media, people have been actively discussing political and economic issues, and sharing their opinions online. The vast amount of data generated from these online discussions can be analyzed through text minin MoreIntroduction: With the development of the internet and social media, people have been actively discussing political and economic issues, and sharing their opinions online. The vast amount of data generated from these online discussions can be analyzed through text mining methods to extract valuable information. One such method is aspect-based sentiment analysis, which allows for the analysis of people's opinions on various aspects of a topic. In this paper, we will focus on the analysis of people's opinions on the Iranian automobile industry and national cars using aspect-based sentiment analysis.Methodology: To achieve our goal, we first introduce a method for extracting different aspects related to national cars. We then use the "BERT" language model to extract vectors for different sentences related to the various aspects and finally use a neural network to classify the sentiments expressed in these sentences as positive, negative, or neutral.Results: The analysis of public opinions on various aspects of Iranian cars showed that the most discussed aspects were design, quality, and price. The sentiment expressed towards design was largely positive, with people expressing admiration for the unique and modern designs of Iranian cars. The sentiment expressed towards quality was mixed, with some people praising the improved quality of national cars, while others criticized the use of low-quality materials. The sentiment expressed towards price was largely negative, with people complaining about the high prices of Iranian cars compared to their foreign counterparts.Discussion: The results of our analysis provide valuable insights into the level of public satisfaction with various aspects of Iranian cars. The mixed sentiment expressed towards the quality of Iranian cars highlights the need for manufacturers to focus on using high-quality materials to improve the overall quality of their products. The negative sentiment expressed toward the price of Iranian cars suggests that car manufacturers need to find ways to reduce production costs and offer more competitive pricing. In conclusion, aspect-based sentiment analysis can be used as an effective method to analyze public opinions on various aspects of a topic. Our analysis of public opinions on the Iranian automobile industry and national cars provides valuable insights for car manufacturers to improve the design, quality, and pricing of their products. By taking these insights into account, manufacturers can improve their performance and meet the needs and expectations of their customers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
318 - The opinion mining of Digikala reviews by semi-supervised support vector machine
zohre Karimi Hadis HaghiriIntroduction: The widespread use of the internet and social media platforms has led to an explosion of digital data, including users' opinions about various services and products. These opinions are valuable sources of information for businesses and organizations to und MoreIntroduction: The widespread use of the internet and social media platforms has led to an explosion of digital data, including users' opinions about various services and products. These opinions are valuable sources of information for businesses and organizations to understand the needs and preferences of their customers. Supervised machine learning models have been proven to be effective in analyzing users' opinions. However, to achieve efficient results, a sufficient amount of labeled training data is necessary. Labeling data requires a considerable amount of time and resources, which can be a significant challenge for many organizations. This is where the concept of semi-supervised learning comes in, which utilizes both labeled and unlabeled data to improve the performance of the model.Method: In this paper, a semi-supervised approach to analyze users' Persian opinions has been proposed. The method takes advantage of the abundant unlabeled data available in addition to a small number of labeled data in the training phase. The proposed method uses the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, which has been shown to be effective in opinion mining in related research. The proposed method extracts emotional words from comments using sentiment lexicons and then extracts term frequency-inverse of document frequency vectors. The semi-supervised SVM algorithm is then applied to these vectors to estimate the polarity of sentiments.Results: To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, it has been tested on the Digikala comments dataset and compared with the supervised SVM algorithm and semi-supervised self-training method for different numbers of labeled data based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 criteria. The results indicate that the proposed semi-supervised method outperforms the supervised SVM algorithm and the semi-supervised method of self-training. The impact of the size of unlabeled data is also investigated in the experiments.Discussion: One of the advantages of the proposed method is that it can estimate the polarity of opinions that have not been trained in the training phase, which is not possible in some graph-based methods. Furthermore, it is not affected by the error of training with labeled data in self-training methods. In conclusion, the proposed semi-supervised method provides an efficient solution for analyzing users' opinions in Persian. This method can be used by businesses and organizations to gain insights into their customers' opinions and improve their products and services accordingly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
319 - Assessment of CXCL12 Gene Expression in HumanLung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line A549by Real Time PCR Method
Rayhaneh Mahbubi Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi Elaheh Ali AsgariInroduction & Objective: Lung cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer related mortality among women and men worldwide, in such a way that the 5-year survival of patients is about 15%. According to the invasive role of CXCL12, challenges in v MoreInroduction & Objective: Lung cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer related mortality among women and men worldwide, in such a way that the 5-year survival of patients is about 15%. According to the invasive role of CXCL12, challenges in various studies about expression and non-expression of CXCL12 and the presence of metastasis in early stages of lung adenocarcinoma, the A549 cell line is selected in order to investigate CXCL12 gene expression in it.Material and Methods:In this study A549 cell line was cultured in a DMEM medium contain 10% fetal serum bovine and 1% penicillin- streptomycin. RNA extraction was performed from the mentioned cell line and after qualitative and quantitative evaluation of extracted total RNA, cDNA was synthesized. Then CXCL12 expression was measured using Real time PCR.Results: CXCL12 low expression in lung adenocarcinoma A549 Cell line shows that it can be considered as a potential markerfor predictive and therapeutic purposes.Conclusion:CXCLL12 has a low expression in A549 cell line. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
320 - Messianic in Nasafi’s viwe
Ali Akbar AfrasiabpourAziz Al Din Nasafi, the great Gnostic of the 7 th century,H; has made an evoalution in the theoretical agnosticism and with Shia attitude puts the discussion on the supervision and perfact man in the center of his Gnostic thoughts.He first begins from the world of essen MoreAziz Al Din Nasafi, the great Gnostic of the 7 th century,H; has made an evoalution in the theoretical agnosticism and with Shia attitude puts the discussion on the supervision and perfact man in the center of his Gnostic thoughts.He first begins from the world of essence, the levels of the spirit and the perfect man in his work. Then he proceades to the supervision role, and considersit as the inner part of the prophecy. He sees the combination of supervision and the perfect man in the last prophet and the Promised Mahdi. Relying on the verses and traditions and using Ebn-e-Arabi and Sa′d Al Din Hamooyeh’s opinions , he sees the end of the supervision in the appearance of the Imam of the time and the twelfth Imam. The cases of disagreement about "The promised" in these gnostics’words can be interpreted based on their common views about supervision which are widespread in their works Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
321 - Intuition Of Lahooti Time in Islamic Mysticism
Hatef SiyahkoohianMystically, time is something holy and lahooti and a sort of everlasting concept, which regardless the length and shortness of time passing by, the truth of intuition and achieving a pleasing spiritual situation during intuition and revelation of mystics take place in a MoreMystically, time is something holy and lahooti and a sort of everlasting concept, which regardless the length and shortness of time passing by, the truth of intuition and achieving a pleasing spiritual situation during intuition and revelation of mystics take place in an absolutely timeless situation. The situation in which the past and future time are annihilated and worn out. For the mystic, the moments of absorption and intuition and connection to the spiritual world, beyond the normal and sensual time, are the moments of discovering the horizons from invisible truths in the realm of eternity. While floating at the pleasing time of intoxication, the doorlets of invisible truths are opened to the mystic and makes him so much joyful that the rest of his life is deemed as lacking such a moment, unproductive and barren. At the moments of intuition and revelation, the mystic is standing across from the time boundary, released from the spiral of time and is free from any bonds. The mystics make their comments and reflections on the Koranic verses on the primary agreements of the creation, and by recalling such an eternal agreement it appears as if the sounds of lahooti music is whispered in their ears from the eternal heaven so that they are inflicted with an inexplicable intoxication and infatuation and are thrilled wholeheartedly. Listening to the oration on agreement in an eternal time looks like drinking wine from the divine cup of affection by mystics in a way that their lives are filled with passion and restlessness. The intoxication and passion of mystics comes from the fact that in His words the Almighty has addressed them directly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
322 - Sohrevardi and his Proceeding Intellects
محمّد بقائی ماکانComparative studies to identify minds and thinking bases are of prime position. Sohrevardi s beliefs emerges in the comparison. One of the achievements of Illumination philosophy is that it depicts lost identities and refrains from self-arousal. Out of those scholars de MoreComparative studies to identify minds and thinking bases are of prime position. Sohrevardi s beliefs emerges in the comparison. One of the achievements of Illumination philosophy is that it depicts lost identities and refrains from self-arousal. Out of those scholars devoted to Illumination Sheikh are Qotboddin Shirazi, Jalaleddin Davani, Mirdamad Asterabadi, followers of Azar Kyevan, Haj Molla Hadi Sabzevari, and others whose works if studied make the reader get closer to Sohrevardis beliefs. The same is true with comparing Sohrevardi with Hege. Niche, and other Western philosophers, showing the existing the existing similarities available. Just like the book titled Journey to East by Herman Hesse that is of great simillarity with Secret Treatises of Illumination Sheikh. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
323 - Semi Dream (Vaghe'eh) in Einul-Quozat Hamedani's Works
Roya Rabizadeh Fatemeh HeidariMysticism is recognition and knowledge of the Almighty. Mystical knowledge and recognition is intuitive, personal and individual perception. Mysticism is achieved through special spiritual and mental abilities after passing through preliminaries and processes which let MoreMysticism is recognition and knowledge of the Almighty. Mystical knowledge and recognition is intuitive, personal and individual perception. Mysticism is achieved through special spiritual and mental abilities after passing through preliminaries and processes which let him think higher than sense and wisdom bottleneck and discover encampment of secrets and truths. Confronting with truth is an internal and interior event which shall happen without presence and dominance of senses and wisdom. The mystic is not able to turn his observations into something comprehensible and declare his heartfelt findings and evidences to others. One of the main reasons that mystical truth cannot be interpreted is its indistinguishability because mystical experience and truths are related to a world different from our own world. Einul- Quozat Hamedani has explained his mystical experience in his works and has cited the verses and Hadith for their demonstration. His mystical experience including revelation, semi dream, dream, citing a proverb and dream among which is one of the important way for entering into the occult world and is out of the extrasensory factors that the rational soul of the human being through which can get aware of the past and future. In this research, furthering definition of semi dream and its specifications, its difference with dream, revelation, semi dream and special mystical experience of Einul Quozat shall be examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
324 - The analysis of Godliness, Advocacy of Justice and Oppression in Shahnameh-e- Ferdowsi
Ahmad Amini Kamran Pashayee Fakhri Khalil HadidiThis study strives to achieve some relative and limited insight into the thinking of Ferdowsi through examining the original text and both internal and external layers and dimensions of a great work under the title of “Shahnameh” (the epic of the kings in English) on th MoreThis study strives to achieve some relative and limited insight into the thinking of Ferdowsi through examining the original text and both internal and external layers and dimensions of a great work under the title of “Shahnameh” (the epic of the kings in English) on three parts: monotheism, justice and fighting oppression, which is in itself construed here as the human being’s intellectual asset. The method of content analysis, a scientific and systematic method of inference, was employed to extract and gather the data and thereby gain the aforementioned objective. Then, it was realized that these triple elements were highly closely bounded to the point that their separation from each other was not only impossible but also unimaginable. This is to say that having faith in almighty God results in the establishment of justice and the ultimate output of these two is fighting with oppression. Then, it shall be admitted that back then, the sage of Tous (Ferodowsi) had been in pursuit of an ideal society, reckoned natural to him, and this is something innate, which is rather called human rights as well by civil societies. This study attempts to spot and restore these elements. Divine magnificence and wisdom brings about honour and pride; and selfishness and ingratitude cause humiliation and affliction. He thinks that Iranians never encroach on human rights and it arises from their sense of justice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
325 - Hygrothermal Creep and Stress Redistribution Analysis of Temperature and Moisture Dependent Magneto-Electro-Elastic Hollow Sphere
M Saadatfar -
Open Access Article
326 - Reliability of the Rubber Tube of Automotive Hydraulic Braking System Under Fatigue Failures Considering Random Variation of Load and the Process of Aging of Material
O Larin K Potopalska R Mygushchenko -
Open Access Article
327 - Study of the Effect of an Open Transverse Crack on the Vibratory Behavior of Rotors Using the h-p Version of the Finite Element Method
F Ahmed H Abdelhamid B Brahim S Ahmed -
Open Access Article
328 - Nonlinear Hybrid Bistable Vibration-Energy-Harvester Modeling Considering Magnetostrictive and Piezoelectric Behaviors
K Niazi M. J Kazem Zadeh Parsi M MohammadiThe present study investigates a novel two degrees of freedom (2DOF) modeling of hybrid-bistable vibration energy harvester (VEH) considering nonlinear magnetic interaction and elastic magnifier to improve the efficiency and expand the action bandwidth. The main part of MoreThe present study investigates a novel two degrees of freedom (2DOF) modeling of hybrid-bistable vibration energy harvester (VEH) considering nonlinear magnetic interaction and elastic magnifier to improve the efficiency and expand the action bandwidth. The main part of harvesting mechanism is a composite cantilever beam consists of three layers of magnetostrictive, piezoelectric and a metallic core with internal damping. Such a novel architecture generates more electrical power and operates at larger bandwidth than common piezoelectric or magnetostrictive energy harvesting systems. In the present work, a coupled 2DOF model is developed to investigate the vibration behavior and energy harvesting rate of the harvester. The harmonic balance method is used to obtain the frequency responses and then the Runge-Kutta method is utilized to calculate the dynamic responses. A parametric study is done to investigate the effects of the key features of the harvester such as magnets distances, base acceleration level and excitation frequency on the rate of electricity generation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
329 - Dynamic and Vibration Analysis for Geometrical Structures of Planetary Gears
A Shahabi A.H Kazemian -
Open Access Article
330 - A Distributed Parameters Model for Broadband Energy Harvesting From Nonlinear Vibration of the Piezoelectric System
M.M Zamani M Abbasi F Forouhandeh -
Open Access Article
331 - Vibration and Bifurcation Analysis of a Nonlinear Damped Mass Grounded System
M Mostoufi H Nahvi B Mirshafiee -
Open Access Article
332 - Plane Wave Propagation Through a Planer Slab
R Kakar -
Open Access Article
333 - Modeling of Compression Curves of Flexible Polyurethane Foam with Variable Density, Chemical Formulations and Strain Rates
M.F Alzoubi S Al-Hallaj M Abu-Ayyad -
Open Access Article
334 - Time-Dependent Thermo-Electro-Mechanical Creep Behavior of Radially Polarized FGPM Rotating Cylinder
A Ghorbanpour Arani R Kolahchi A.A Mosallaie Barzoki A Loghman -
Open Access Article
335 - Wave Propagation in Mixture of Generalized Thermoelastic Solids Half-Space
R Kumar S Devi -
Open Access Article
336 - Stress Waves in a Generalized Thermo Elastic Polygonal Plate of Inner and Outer Cross Sections
R Selvamani -
Open Access Article
337 - On the Dynamic Characteristic of Thermoelastic Waves in Thermoelastic Plates with Thermal Relaxation Times
K.L Verma -
Open Access Article
338 - Experimental Investigation of the Pulse and Plasma Flushing Efficiency in Electrical Discharge Machining
H Eivazi-Bagheri M.R Shabgard -
Open Access Article
339 - Creep Evolution Analysis of Composite Cylinder Made of Polypropylene Reinforced by Functionally Graded MWCNTs
A Loghman H Shayestemoghadam E Loghman -
Open Access Article
340 - Seismic Analysis of Rectangular Concrete Tanks by Considering Fluid and Tank Interaction
M Yazdanian S.V Razavi M Mashal -
Open Access Article
341 - Deformation Due to Inclined Loads in Thermoporoelastic Half Space
R Kumar S Kumar M.G Gorla -
Open Access Article
342 - Time-Dependent Hygro-Thermal Creep Analysis of Pressurized FGM Rotating Thick Cylindrical Shells Subjected to Uniform Magnetic Field
A Bakhshizadeh M Zamani Nejad M Davoudi Kashkoli -
Open Access Article
343 - Non-Axisymmetric Time-Dependent Creep Analysis in a Thick-Walled Cylinder Due to the Thermo-mechanical loading
M Moradi A Loghman -
Open Access Article
344 - Fumigant toxicity and lethal activity of essential oil from Haplophyllum tuberculatum to Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus oryzae
Rahil AsadiIn this study, fumigant activity of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forssk.) A. Juss (Rutaceae) essential oil was assessed against Tribolium castaneum Herbst and Sitophilus oryzae L. . The experiment was conducted at 27±1ْ C, 60± 5 RH% in dark condition. Dry le MoreIn this study, fumigant activity of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forssk.) A. Juss (Rutaceae) essential oil was assessed against Tribolium castaneum Herbst and Sitophilus oryzae L. . The experiment was conducted at 27±1ْ C, 60± 5 RH% in dark condition. Dry leaves and flowers were subjected to hydrodistulation using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus to obtain essential oil. The fumigant toxicity was studied against one to seven days old adult of T. castaneum and S. oryzae with four concentration at several exposure times (3, 6, 9, 12 and 24h.). Results showed that H. tuberculatum oil was shown to be highly effective on adults of T. castaneum and S. oryzae. The mortality of 1-7 days old adults was found to be increased significantly as its concentration and time were increased. Analysis showed that S. oryzae (LC50= 14.9 μl.L-1) was more susceptible to H. tuberculatum than T. castaneum (LC50= 23.1 μl.L-1). The finding indicated the efficiency of H. tuberculatum oil to manage store product pests such as T. castaneum and S. oryzae. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
345 - Determining the appropriate spray time for Cydiapomonella(Lep: Totricidae) in apple orchards using sex pheromone and degree day in Khanehzenyan, Fars
Seyedeh Negar Daneshnia Mahmood Alichi Bahram HeidariCodling moth, Cydiapomonell, is the key pest of apple orchards at Khanehzenyan, Shiraz, Fars, Iran. To determine the best application time of spraying via counting the number of trapped moths and recording the effective daily temperature during 2009-2011, pheromone trap MoreCodling moth, Cydiapomonell, is the key pest of apple orchards at Khanehzenyan, Shiraz, Fars, Iran. To determine the best application time of spraying via counting the number of trapped moths and recording the effective daily temperature during 2009-2011, pheromone traps used at the height of 1.5 m from the ground level with distance between traps of 85-100 m. The data was analyzed using Excel software. According to the results, the number of pest generations and spraying time were determined. The results indicated that C. pomonella had two complete and one partial or incomplete generation at Khanezenyan.The best time for chemical control of C. pomonella was coincidentwith the time of appearance of the first age larva and accumulation of 175 degree-days. The required sums of temperatures for completion of one generation of C. pomonellawere 766.5 and 770 degree-days for the years 2009 and 2011 respectively.Therefore, by this way we can reduce the irregular uses of chemical pesticides and environmental pollutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
346 - Finding a better time estimation of a trajectory
Mojtaba Ghanbari -
Open Access Article
347 - Role of Market Demand and Added Value in Optimizing the Iron Products
Abdollah Hadi-Vencheh -
Open Access Article
348 - Investigating the relationships between indicators of the concept of quality in urban open spaces for spending leisure time (case study of Arak city)
Mohammadkazem Yavari Alireza Sheakholeslami farzaneh sasanpourUrban open spaces have a high potential for all kinds of urban activities, including leisure time. This issue has become more important with the growth of urbanization and changes in the lifestyle of citizens. And the introduction of indicators explaining the concept of MoreUrban open spaces have a high potential for all kinds of urban activities, including leisure time. This issue has become more important with the growth of urbanization and changes in the lifestyle of citizens. And the introduction of indicators explaining the concept of quality in these spaces, and how the relationships between them can be of special importance for urban planners. The current research is a descriptive-analytical study with a quantitative-qualitative approach. In this research, considering the relationship between the quality of open spaces as a goal, and the objective indicators that explain it, as indicators of the concept of quality, a structural measurement model has been proposed. And by using confirmatory factor analysis, the relationship between the introduced indicators and their impact factor on the purpose of the research has been investigated. Based on the findings, among the 45 indicators counted in the theoretical studies, 7 indicators did not have the necessary explanatory power and were removed. And the indicators of the concept of quality reached the number of 38 indicators. In examining the relationships and how these 38 indicators affect each other, it was found that 11 of these indicators are not correlated with other indicators. Also, by examining the factor loadings calculated for the mentioned indexes, it was observed that the index "the existence of land and facilities for play and excitement for all ages" has the greatest impact on the quality of open spaces with an impact factor of 0.66. This index is one of the indicators that have independent and non-correlated performance. Also, some indicators, such as the index of "entertainment activities, sports and physical fitness" with an impact factor of 0.62, although it is not part of the eleven independent indicators, it still has a high impact factor. This issue can be explained in this way, that the importance of the eleven independent indicators is not due to having a higher impact factor, but this importance is due to their independence and non-overlapping of possible shortcomings by other indicators. Therefore, managers and urban planners should be more sensitive to their situation (independent agents).Citation:Extended AbstractIntroduction: Urban open spaces have a high potential for all kinds of urban activities and are considered a platform for urban development. One of the important functions of urban open spaces is the issue of spending leisure time in these spaces, which has become more important in recent decades due to the rapid growth of urbanization and the revolution that has occurred in the lifestyle of citizens. It is obvious that addressing the issue of quality in urban open spaces and introducing the causes and contexts of quality in these spaces as indicators of the concept of quality, and examining relationships and how they influence and influence each other, can improve the quality of leisure time for managers and Urban planners are of special importance.Methodology: This research is a descriptive-analytical research with a quantitative-qualitative approach that was conducted as a case study. In this research, using the theoretical foundations of research, 45 quality indicators in urban open spaces have been introduced as indicators of the concept of quality in these spaces, and their status in the studied open spaces has been evaluated in the form of a checklist. The method of evaluating and collecting data using the aforementioned checklist was the exploratory walking technique. In this way, the aforementioned indicators were evaluated in 82 examples of the open spaces of the studied city (Arak - Iran), and a score between one and ten was given to the current state of each indicator. After completing the evaluation and data collection, considering the relationship between the quality of open spaces as a goal and the objective indicators that explain it, as indicators of the concept of quality, a structural measurement model was proposed and how the relationships between the introduced indicators and the coefficient Their impact on the purpose of the research has been investigated using confirmatory factor analysis. Then, by examining the output data, among the 45 examined indices, the indices that did not have the necessary explanatory power were removed. Then, considering the remaining 38 indicators, a structural model was presented again to measure the correlation between these indicators and the research objective. After confirming the fit of this model with confirmatory factor analysis and Lisrel software, the software's output charts including: standard factor loading charts, T-Value charts, and correction proposal charts or correction indices were used to answer the research question.Results and discussion: Based on the findings, out of 45 indicators that were considered as indicators of the concept of quality in urban open spaces for spending leisure time in theoretical studies, 7 indicators did not have the necessary explanatory power. As a result, the indicators of the concept of quality in urban redevelopment spaces reached 38 indicators. Among these 38 indicators, based on the chart "Suggestions for Lisrel Software Improvement", it was found that 11 indicators without correlation with other indicators are effective in explaining the concept of quality in urban spaces and as a result, they are more sensitive in this field. Conclusion: In identifying the relationships and how these 38 indicators affect each other, it was found that 11 of these indicators are not correlated with other indicators. Also, by examining the factor loading calculated for the mentioned indexes, it was observed that the index "the presence of land and facilities for play and excitement for all ages, code V20" has the greatest impact on the quality of open spaces with an impact factor of 0.66. This indicator is part of eleven indicators that have independent and non-correlated performance. Also, some indexers such as the indexer of "Entertainment, sports and physical fitness activities, code V28" with an impact factor of 0.62, although it is not an independent component of the 11 indicators, it still has a high impact factor, it can be seen from this He explained that the importance of 11 independent indicators is not due to having a higher impact factor, but this importance is due to their independence and non-overlapping of possible shortcomings by other indicators. Therefore, managers and urban planners should be more sensitive to their situation (eleven independent indicators). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
349 - The Influence of Romanticism on Imagery in Simin Behbahani’s Poetry: A case of A Line from Speed and Fire, Arzhan Plain, and A Window of Freedom
homeira khanjani maryam mahmoodi Mortaza RashidiRomanticism, one of the most complex and widespread literary schools, emerged as a groundbreaking phenomenon in the late eighteenth-century. The school developed in an era of outstanding scientific, social and political changes in Europe. In the same vein, Iranian const MoreRomanticism, one of the most complex and widespread literary schools, emerged as a groundbreaking phenomenon in the late eighteenth-century. The school developed in an era of outstanding scientific, social and political changes in Europe. In the same vein, Iranian constitutional movement introduced Romanticism as a novel intellectual approach in Persian literature. Although Simin Behbahani cannot be regarded as a follower of this literary school, many of her poetic imageries enjoy attributes associated with imagery employed in Romantic poetry. Her poems are similarly replete with imagery which express the poet’s attitude and vision and outstandingly convey her emotions.This article takes a descriptive-analytical approach to Simin Behbahani’s poetry in her three outstanding collection of poems: A case of A Line from Speed and Fire, Arzhan Plain, and A Window of Freedom. The article is an endeavor to study some attributes of romanticism in Simin’s poetry as transformation of nature, individualism, ambiguity in imageries, dynamics of language and transcendence of the images, and melancholy.Ambiguous combinations and imageries, implied meaning and expressions of feelings, transcendence of nature, individual and social melancholy, and personalization of various symbols are amongst attributes which reveal Simin’s poetry to bear influences of romanticism.The findings yield significant implications on Simin Behbahani’s poetry with regards to Persian modifications introduced to romanticism which most visibly concentrate on transcendence of nature and individualism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
350 - Regionalization Of the Rainfall Temporal Patterns,Less Than 6 Hours In Iran
Farhad Khamchin moghadamStorms, as the main cause of producing floods, runoffs, soil erosion and the like, have important specifications which affects differently on the resulting floods. Temporal patterns are functions of rainfall intensity in time. These patterns in their one-peak states are MoreStorms, as the main cause of producing floods, runoffs, soil erosion and the like, have important specifications which affects differently on the resulting floods. Temporal patterns are functions of rainfall intensity in time. These patterns in their one-peak states are estimated by triangle. If the length of the storm peak point is given, then the triangular shape of the storm intensity function for the basin is available. In the present study, a new profile for storm intensity function in different regions in Iran is considered and according to other important specifications such as rainfall amount, rainfall duration, and storm peak intensity, the storm peak time is measured in a nonlinear relationship. The total number of storm gauging stations throughout Iran is 396. The number of the acceptable stations in terms of the rainfall duration less than 6 hours is 130. According to maximum daily precipitation, Iran is regionalized to 7 areas. A sample of each area’s storm with different duration is selected by systematic sampling method. The results showed that the storms with duration less than 6 hours behave properly in all our regions and about 43.6% of them have one-peak. About 34.6% of the total storms in Iran have one-peak and contain 10 to 48 hours duration. In this study, the analyzed storms had one-peak and less than six hours duration. Through linear and nonlinear regression and multiple regressions, the relationship between peak-time and other storm specifications was gained for all the regions in Iran. The most fitted patterns were nonlinear (log-regression) patterns. These patterns include 3 log-regression variables, namely duration specifications (Td), the proportion of rainfall amount (P) to rainfall intensity (IP), for regions 1 to 5. The best pattern for regions 6 and 7 was gained through 2 log-regression variables according to rainfall duration. Comparison of the presented patterns in this study showed their advantageous over other patterns which had been suggested so far. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
351 - Comparison the effect of short vs. long rest period between the sets in resistance training on testosterone to cortisol ratio
Tanaz Abbasi Mehrzad Moghadasi -
Open Access Article
352 - Application of Mathematics in Financial Management
Sanjay Tripathi -
Open Access Article
353 - Optimization Bi Objective for Designing Sustainable Supply Chain Network Economic based Competition by Cost Management Approach
Reza Ehtesham Rasi -
Open Access Article
354 - Applying Optimized Mathematical Algorithms to Forecast Stock Price Average Accredited Banks in Tehran Stock Exchange and Iran Fara Bourse
Negar Aghaeefar Mohammad Ebrahim Mohammad Pourzarandi Mohammad Ali Afshar Kazemi Mehrzad Minoie -
Open Access Article
355 - Stock Price Drift from the Content of Projected Earnings Information Resulting from Quarterly Operations: Evidence of the Contradiction Between Timeliness and Profitability
Saeed Safari Bideskan Alireza Mehrazeen Abolghasem Masih AbadiFinancial statements should have general objectives rather than specific group interests. The possibility of forecasting earnings based on seasonal performance instead of the previous year's earnings and in terms of the contradiction between timeliness and the ability t MoreFinancial statements should have general objectives rather than specific group interests. The possibility of forecasting earnings based on seasonal performance instead of the previous year's earnings and in terms of the contradiction between timeliness and the ability to verify earnings can be a new and thought-provoking issue. The present study examines stock price drift from the content of projected earnings forecast for quarterly operations. The research hypotheses were tested through univariate regression, multivariate regression and correlation coefficient tests using Eviews software. Findings of this study indicate that 1- Profit forecast based on quarterly performance has more verifiability than the previous year (profit stability). 2- The Verifiability of the year profit is more than the profit forecast based on the 9-month performance. 3- Stock price drift is expected on the day after the announcement of earnings and there are changes in earnings compared to the forecast of the previous season. 4- No relationship was observed between the volumes of shares traded the next day and the announcement of the forecasted profit and the changes in the profit compared to the forecast of the previous season. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
356 - Investigate the Economic Consequences to the Timing of Earnings News Forecast for Accepted Corporates in Tehran Securities Exchange
Asghar Karimi Khorami Alireza Zareie Sodani Saeed Ali Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
357 - Support Vector Regression Parameters Optimization using Golden Sine Algorithm and Its Application in Stock Market
Mohammadreza Ghanbari Mahdi Goldani -
Open Access Article
358 - New Criterion For Fractal Parameter In Financial Time Series
Mehrzad Alijani bahman banimahd Ahmad Yaghobnezhad -
Open Access Article
359 - Developing the Stock Pricing Model based on Bounded Rationality Theory
Mohammad Noroozi Daruosh Foroghi farzad Karimi -
Open Access Article
360 - Determining the interest rate on deposits in the Iranian banking system: cooperative or competitive game between the central bank and followers?
Mehdi Memarpour Ashkan Hafezalkotob Mohammad Khalilzadeh Abbas Saghaei Roya Soltani -
Open Access Article
361 - Investigating the effects of time variables of gold, crude oil and foreign exchange markets on herding behavior in Tehran Stock Foreign exchange
Sepideh Behnam Reza Tehrani Bita Tabrizian -
Open Access Article
362 - Impact of Investors' Sentiments on Volatility of Stock Exchange Index in Tehran Stock Exchange
roozbeh balounejad nouri Fatemeh bagjavany Masoumeh Amiri HosseiniThe stock market is one of the main components of the economy, and various factors cause fluctuations in it, one of which is the effect of investors' behavior. Therefore, present study seeks to answer the question of whether the feelings and sentiments of investors migh MoreThe stock market is one of the main components of the economy, and various factors cause fluctuations in it, one of which is the effect of investors' behavior. Therefore, present study seeks to answer the question of whether the feelings and sentiments of investors might intensify the fluctuations in the Tehran Stock Exchange or not. To answer this question, at first, in order to quantify sentiments, as non-abstract variables, the Equity Market Sentiment Index (EMSI) was used that investors are classified in 5 categories of completely risk-averse, risk-averse, neutral-risk, risk-taking and completely risk-taking. Using GARCHi-in-Mean, results indicate that the sentiments of investors will result in greater fluctuations in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Hence, if fluctuation is considered an indicator of market risk, the excitement associated with an abnormal rise in volumes will increase that risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
363 - Investigating the Market Efficiency in Tehran Stock Exchange through Artificial Intelligence
mohammad jouzbarkand Hossein Panahian -
Open Access Article
364 - A Model of Investor Sentiment Based on Grounded Theory Approach
Akram Davoudi Ali Khozein Arash Naderian -
Open Access Article
365 - Selecting The Optimal Multi-Period Stock Portfolio with Different Time Horizons in the Credibility Theory Framework
Younes Nozarpour Sayyed Mohammad Reza Davoodi Mahdi Fadaee -
Open Access Article
366 - Study of ranking factors affecting the implementation of timely management of goods and equipment and its evaluation criteria in the power distribution company of the whole country using fuzzy AHP and fuzzy DEMATEL
Babak Keshipour Saeed Jabbarzadeh Kangaarloye Jamal Bahri Sales -
Open Access Article
367 - Investigating the Effect of Investors' Behavior and Management on the Stock Returns: Evidence from Iran
Hossein Jokar Kazem Shamsaddini Vahid Daneshi -
Open Access Article
368 - Investigation of Effects of Corporate Reporting Quality, Timeliness and Quantity for Disclosure and Reliability of Financial Reports on Stock Price Delay
Ahmad Hoseini -
Open Access Article
369 - Machine learning algorithms for time series in financial markets
Mohammad Ghasemzadeha Naeimeh Mohammad-Karimi Habib Ansari-Samani -
Open Access Article
370 - Investigation on different power levels and exposure periods of microwave radiations on developmental stages of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus Pic. (Col,. Bruchidae)
Z. Minaei-Eraghi R. Vafaei-Shoushtari Z. Rafiei-Karahroodi Sh. ChehreiiCowpea weeevli Callosobruchus maculatus Pic., is one of the most important storage pests of beans including mung bean. In this research, the possibility of using different frequency and priods microwave to control the insect was examined. In this experiment the three st MoreCowpea weeevli Callosobruchus maculatus Pic., is one of the most important storage pests of beans including mung bean. In this research, the possibility of using different frequency and priods microwave to control the insect was examined. In this experiment the three stageg of the pest exrosed to frequency of 2450MHz, 200W in periods of 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 360 seconds. The results showed that frequency and the time needed to avoid hatching eggs, pupae phase control and inducing adult mortalitywas 200W and 360 secods. In all experiments the mortality rate increased with increas time. According to the results 92.2% mortality of pupae and 96.02% were occurred at 200W and 360s. Also, the results showed that eggs are the most sensitive compase to other stages such a way that 96.11% of mortality occurred at 300W, and duration of 240s, and 200 and 360s. There fore it is recommended 200W and 360s to control all stages of the pest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
371 - Evaluation of the effectiveness of microwave radiation on different developmental stages of Khapra beetle Trogoderma granarium Everts (Col.:Dermestidae)
H. Sahraeian N. ShayestehThe Khapra beetle is one of major pest of stored products, specially wheat and barley. The present research was conducted to study the applicability of microwave radiation at specified power rates and exposure times to control. Each developmental stage was exposed to 2 MoreThe Khapra beetle is one of major pest of stored products, specially wheat and barley. The present research was conducted to study the applicability of microwave radiation at specified power rates and exposure times to control. Each developmental stage was exposed to 2450MHZ at power levels of 300, 400 and 500W for 3 and 4 min. Experiments were arranged in completely randomized deign with 3 replications. After treatment, samples were kept under constant conditions in an incubator at 35±1 C and 70±5% R.H and 16D: 8L photoperiod. The most effective radiation to reduce the egg hatching rate, to induce mortalities in larvae, pupae and adults was the power rate of 500W and exposure time of 4 min. The order of sensitivity of different developmental stages was egg, last- instar larvae, adult, pupa and first-instar larvae.The result also revealed a direct relationship between exposure time at constant power led in increase in mortality of the insects. 1-2 days old eggs were more resistant than 0-1 and 2-3 days old eggs. A low power rate resulted decreasing oviposition rate and loss of tails in first-instar larvae .Based on the results the 500W and exposure time of 4 min. can be recommended for control of the Khapra beetle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
372 - Determining the Coefficient of Timeliness Harvesting Operation on the Quality Losses of Rapeseed in North Khuzestan
Amin reza Jamshidi Ebrahim Abassi Monjezi Mohammad MansorifarThis research was conducted in order to determine the rate of untimely harvesting of rapeseed (Hayola 401) in Khuzestan province, The studied parameters of harvest loss in three different times (5 days apart) in three moisture levels were 33, 17, 13%. Harvesting was don MoreThis research was conducted in order to determine the rate of untimely harvesting of rapeseed (Hayola 401) in Khuzestan province, The studied parameters of harvest loss in three different times (5 days apart) in three moisture levels were 33, 17, 13%. Harvesting was done homogeneously from the surface of cultivated fields in three times and three repetitions. Comparison of the average drop in different harvesting times to determine the effect of changes in the harvesting time on the drop, one-way analysis of variance and LSD test were used. The results showed that the highest quality efficiency of the combine at 17% humidity will be 84.49% and the lowest at 33% humidity will be 13.59%. At the time of early harvest, with a humidity of 33, the percentage of rapeseed oil was 42.2, the percentage of salt was 0.022, and the amount of its acid number was 4.38%. In harvesting the seeds with 17% humidity, which was called timely harvesting, the percentage of rapeseed oil was 49.6, the percentage of salt was 0.029, and the amount of its acid number was 4.33%. However, in the late harvest at 13% humidity, the oil percentage of rape seeds was 41.2, the salt percentage was 0.042, and the acid value was 5%. By calculating the coefficient of untimely operations at harvest time, it was determined that the farmers of the region will lose 4,443,9200 Rials on each early harvest day and 2,0098,400 Rials per hectare on each late harvest day. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
373 - Thermal anomalies detection before earthquake using three filters (Fourier, Wavelet and Logarithmic Differential Filter), A Case study of two earthquakes in Iran
Sina Saber Mahani Marzieh Khalili -
Open Access Article
374 - SPS Model: a significant algorithm to reduce the time and computer memory required in geostatistical simulations
Behnam Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
375 - Determination of body waves quality factor in the NW Iran, with power spectrum analysis
Hooman Latifi Reza Heidari Noorbakhsh Mirzaei -
Open Access Article
376 - Hazard functions and conditional probability of earthquake occurrences in major fault zones in Turkey
Hakan Karaca -
Open Access Article
377 - An Algorithm for Modeling and Interpretation of Seismoelectric Data
Ehsan Golmakani Torghabeh Mohammad Ebrahimi Dabbagh Hooman LatifiGenerally speaking, seismoelectric modeling is a prospecting method based on seismic and electromagnetic waves, in which waves generated by a seismic source at the boundary of the two environments generate a relative fluid-solid motion formed as a result of antagonism b MoreGenerally speaking, seismoelectric modeling is a prospecting method based on seismic and electromagnetic waves, in which waves generated by a seismic source at the boundary of the two environments generate a relative fluid-solid motion formed as a result of antagonism between the elastic properties of the environment with the saturated fluid. This research has as its objective, a study of the effect of an electric field due to DC current on the propagation of seismic waves by pseudo spectral time domain method, or the more general concept of seismoelectric coupling effect. In this research, poroelastic equations were used for seismic waves and Maxwell’s equations for lectromagnetic waves. Additionally, the seismoelectric effect or charge density, electrical conductivity, dielectric permittivity function, fluid viscosity and zeta potential were determined. DC electric field variations were compared with results of a physical experiment conducted in a modeled environment. The results revealed that DC electric significantly affected the propagation of elastic energy through seismoelectric coupling in a wide range of seismic frequency widths. Additionally, the boundaries of the substrata were specified using the horizontal component of the electric field of the magnetic wave Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
378 - The Effect of Conventional and Conservation Tillage Methods on the Improvement of Wheat Yield in Different Planting Dates and Seeding Rates
Nosratolla Haidarpour Raham Mohtashami Amin NamdariProduction in areas under rainfed cultivation is always associated with different constraints that among them, changes in precipitation and air temperature from year to year are widespread and uncontrollable. In this regard, the current study was conducted in order to c MoreProduction in areas under rainfed cultivation is always associated with different constraints that among them, changes in precipitation and air temperature from year to year are widespread and uncontrollable. In this regard, the current study was conducted in order to compare conservation and conventional tillage methods on wheat yield in sowing dates before and after effective autumn rainfall. The experiment was carried out as split-split plots based on a randomized complete block design with 3 repetitions in two years 2018 to 2020. Experimental treatments included planting time as main plots with two levels D1= before rainfall and D2= after rainfall tillage method as sub-plots including T1= conservative and T2= conventional and seeding rate as sub-sub-plots including S1= 200, S2=300 and S3= 400 seeds. The results demonstrated that although the planting date and seeding rate had no significant effect on the studied traits, the values obtained from the cultivation before rainfall and under 300 and 400 seeding rates were remarkably better. Tillage method caused a significant difference in grain yield and biomass of treatments 3634 and 8394 kg. ha-1, respectively, whereas conventional tillage the values were 2819 and 6114 kg. ha-1. Conservation tillage and cultivation before rainfall associated by using 300 seeds/m2 led to the highest values in number of plants, spikes, and 1000-grain weight compared to conventional method and cultivation before rainfall. Consequently, considering the cost of production, pre-autumn rainfall sowing under conservation tillage and with a 300 seeds/m2 is recommended for Gachsaran region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
379 - Determining the Coefficient of Timeliness Harvesting of Rapeseed and its Effect on Small Crop Losses in North Khuzestan
Ebrahim Abasi Monjezi Mohammad MansourifarOne of the major challenges of rapeseed harvest is the right harvest time, control of harvest losses and the impact of harvest time on the quality of this product. This research was conducted in order to determine the rate of untimely harvesting of rapeseed (Hyola 401) MoreOne of the major challenges of rapeseed harvest is the right harvest time, control of harvest losses and the impact of harvest time on the quality of this product. This research was conducted in order to determine the rate of untimely harvesting of rapeseed (Hyola 401) in Khuzestan province, by the Mianab Agro Industry in the crop year of 2013-2014 with a combine harvester. Operational and field methods were used to obtain the required data. The studied parameters were quantitative harvest losses at three different times (5 days apart) and three humidity levels of 33, 17, and 13%. Harvesting was done homogeneously from the surface of cultivated fields in three times and three repetitions. To compare the average loss in different harvest times and to determine the effect of changes in harvest time on loss, one-way analysis of variance and LSD test were used. The results showed that the highest losses in the threshing and anti-threshing output of the combine with the amount of 1587.9 kilograms were related to early harvesting in the humidity of 33% in the second half of April, and on the other hand, the natural losses with the lowest amount were 4.35 kilograms. Came. Also, in timely harvesting with 17% humidity, the highest natural loss was 485.25 kg and the lowest loss related to the threshing and anti-threshing output of the combine was 25.80 kg. But in the late harvest, the natural losses were much higher, so that the natural losses were 848.21 kg and the lowest losses in the late harvest were at the threshing and anti-threshing output of the combine at the rate of 37.32 kg. By calculating the coefficient of untimely operations at the time of harvesting, it was determined that the farmers of the region will suffer an amount of 7684763 Rials on each day of early harvesting and 3252911 Rials per hectare on each day of late harvesting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
380 - Designing an Integrated Model of Mathematical Planning and IoT with Emphasis on Cost-Time-Routing Optimization of Intercity Transportation Systems
Shahrzad Babaie Mohammad Seyedhosseini Mohammadreza Motadel -
Open Access Article
381 - Parallel Machine Scheduling with Controllable Processing Time Considering Energy Cost and Machine Failure Prediction
Yousef Rabbani Ali Qorbani Reza Kamran Rad -
Open Access Article
382 - Designing a Systemic Model of Competency for Managers of the Iranian Ports and Maritime Organization
Seyed Kazem Hejazi Mehran Mokhtari Baye Kolaei Marzieh Gorjiposhti Javad Gilanipour -
Open Access Article
383 - Predicting Customer Churn Using CLV in Insurance Industry
Vahid Dust Mohammadi Amir Albadvi Babak Teymorpur -
Open Access Article
384 - Stability of the Classification of Returns to Scale FDH Models in the Presence of Undesirable Data
Leila Jalaei Dariush Akbarian -
Open Access Article
385 - A feminine approach to educational ethics (Nell Nuddings and the theory of sadness)
مونا SarsharThis article is based on an in-depth understanding of feminist philosopher Nell Noddings' "Ethics of Sorrow" as an important contribution to philosophy and moral education. The grief-eating approach is one of the contemporary approaches in moral philosophy that can be p MoreThis article is based on an in-depth understanding of feminist philosopher Nell Noddings' "Ethics of Sorrow" as an important contribution to philosophy and moral education. The grief-eating approach is one of the contemporary approaches in moral philosophy that can be placed in the field of emotional theories. The theory of grieving should start with a definition of the relationship between grieving, the grieving person and the grieving person. This theory explains grieving encounters and relationships and helps to establish, maintain, and strengthen these relationships. The main basis of moral education in the ethics of sadness is that humans naturally have a tendency to be sad. Sadness demonstrates respect for the wide range of human talents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
386 - Analysis of Woman Character Based on Psychoanalytic Point of View(Khousrow and Shirin Rhymed Writing)
Farzaneh Yousef-ghanbariApparently there was no any relationship between Jung, Shirin and Nezami. By analyzing the Khousrow and Shirin rhymed writing specially Shirin character from psychoanalytic point of view may came to conclusion that according to the Shinowdabolen analysis who was o MoreApparently there was no any relationship between Jung, Shirin and Nezami. By analyzing the Khousrow and Shirin rhymed writing specially Shirin character from psychoanalytic point of view may came to conclusion that according to the Shinowdabolen analysis who was one of Jung students and follower that Shirin character may match with Artimes ( Moon and hunting goddess). To demonstrate such a comparing the poetic evidences were used as implementations. And ultimately was concluded that Shirin matched Artimes the moon and hunting goddess of Greek mythos from various aspects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
387 - تأثیر پایداری بندهای گابیونی با سرریز پلکانی از نظر کنترل رسوب و سیلاب (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آبخیز خائیز، بهبهان، استان خوزستان)
فرهاد سادات فرد امین بردباربندهای گابیونی (Gabion Dams) سازه­های کوچکی هستند که به منظور کاهش سرعت جریان و شیب آبراهه و مهار فرسایش در آبراهه­ها احداث می­گردند. احداث این بندها در حوضه­های آبخیز موجب تغییرات در زمان تمرکز شده که در کنترل سیل و مهار رواناب تاثیر بسزایی Moreبندهای گابیونی (Gabion Dams) سازه­های کوچکی هستند که به منظور کاهش سرعت جریان و شیب آبراهه و مهار فرسایش در آبراهه­ها احداث می­گردند. احداث این بندها در حوضه­های آبخیز موجب تغییرات در زمان تمرکز شده که در کنترل سیل و مهار رواناب تاثیر بسزایی دارد. حوضه آبخیز خائیز واقع در شهرستان بهبهان استان خوزستان کشور ایران یکی از زیر حوضه­های آبخیز بسیار مهم این شهرستان می­باشد. در این حوضه در فصول بارندگی، ایجاد سیلاب موجب فرسایش اراضی منطقه و انتقال رسوبات فراوان به پایین­دست می­گردد. در این تحقیق با مطالعه منطقه و شرایط توپوگرافی و عملیات حفاظتی صورت گرفته، تغییرات زمان تمرکز، ضریب نگهداشت و دبی سیلاب قبل و بعد از اجرای عملیات حفاظتی مورد مقایسه قرارگرفته است. در این زمینه پارامترهای تعداد و ارتفاع بندها، گروه هیدرولوژیکی خاک، شیب آبراهه، زمان تمرکز، هیدرولوژی منطقه، مساحت حوضه و حجم رسوبگیری سازه­ها مورد بررسی قرارگرفت، باتوجه به بررسی صورت گرفته می­توان نتیجه گرفت احداث بندهای گابیونی به تنهایی نمی­تواند تاثیر قابل ملاحظه­ای در کنترل رواناب داشته باشد و اجرای همزمان عملیات های دیگر آبخیزداری همچون عملیات بیولوژیک و بیومکانیکی جهت تحقق اهداف طرح بسیار ضروری است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
388 - بررسی آزمایشگاهی تغییرات زمانی حداکثر عمق آبشستگی به منظور کنترل آبشستگی موضعی پایه با مقطع مستطیلی شکافدار مثلثی شکل
مهناز حیدری بنی مرتضی بختیاری مجتبی صانعی سید محمود کاشفی پورپل ها ازجمله مهمترین و پرکاربردترین سازه های رودخانهای هستند و بهعنوان کلید راه های ارتباطی از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار هستند. وقوع آب شستگی موضعی یکی از دلایل عمده عدم پایداری پلها و در نهایت شکست آنهاست که سالیانه هزینه های بسیار زیاد جانی و مالی را به دولت ها تحمیل م Moreپل ها ازجمله مهمترین و پرکاربردترین سازه های رودخانهای هستند و بهعنوان کلید راه های ارتباطی از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار هستند. وقوع آب شستگی موضعی یکی از دلایل عمده عدم پایداری پلها و در نهایت شکست آنهاست که سالیانه هزینه های بسیار زیاد جانی و مالی را به دولت ها تحمیل می کند. تاکنون تحقیقات مختلفی بر روی روشهای کنترل و کاهش آب شستگی اطراف پایه ی پل ها انجام گرفته است که از جمله آن ها، استفاده از شکاف در پایه ی پل ها می باشد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر، بررسی آزمایشگاهی تغییرات آب شستگی حداکثر نسبت به زمان، می باشد. بدین منظور دو شکاف مثلث و مثلث برعکس با مساحت سطح برابر، در دو تراز قرارگیری همتراز بستر ، 5/1 و 3 سانتیمتر بالای بستر در دو دبی 6/25 و 32 لیتر در ثانیه و بر روی رسوب با قطر متوسط 5/0 میلی متر مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تحقیق نشان می دهد در تمام حالت ها حضور شکاف در پایه پل موجب کاهش عمق آبشستگی حداکثر و حجم چالهی آبشستگی شده است و عمق آبشستگی حداکثر و حجم چاله ی آبشستگی با تراز قرارگیری شکاف نسبت به بستر و عدد فرود جریان و زمان رابطه ی مستقیم دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
389 - ارزیابی مدلهای سری زمانی SARIMAدر برآورد جریان ماهانه در ایستگاه هیدرومتری ایدنک
عباس احمدپور حسین فتحیان جبرائیل قربانیاندبی جریان آبراههها ازجمله مهمترین داده هیدرولوژیکی هستند و به عنوان اطلاعات پایه در بسیاری از فعالیتهای مرتبط با منابع آب در نقاط مختلف جهان استفاده میشوند. یکی از ابزارهای مهم در مدلسازی فرآیندهای هیدرولوژیکی استفاده از مدلهای سری زمانی است. جریان آبراهه برآوردشده Moreدبی جریان آبراههها ازجمله مهمترین داده هیدرولوژیکی هستند و به عنوان اطلاعات پایه در بسیاری از فعالیتهای مرتبط با منابع آب در نقاط مختلف جهان استفاده میشوند. یکی از ابزارهای مهم در مدلسازی فرآیندهای هیدرولوژیکی استفاده از مدلهای سری زمانی است. جریان آبراهه برآوردشده با استفاده از مدلهای سری زمانی در مطالعات مختلفی نظیر خشکسالی، سیلاب، طراحی سیستم های مخازن و مدیریت منابع آب قابل استفاده میباشد. این امر بخصوص در مناطق خشک اهمیت بیشتری دارد. در این مقاله به ارزیابی دقت مدلهای سری زمانی SARIMA در برآورد جریان ماهانه در ایستگاه هیدرومتری ایدنک پرداخته میشود. برای این منظور از دادههای دبی جریان ماهانه این ایستگاه به مدت 30 سال، طی سالهای (1390-1361) استفاده شده است. برای صحتسنجی مدلهای سری زمانی SARIMA برازش یافته، از مقادیر آماره آزمون پورت مانتو، و باقیماندهای توابع خودهمبستگی و خودهمبستگی جزیی استفاده شد و برای انتخاب بهترین مدل SARIMA، از معیار اکائیکه اصلاحشده (AIK) و معیار بیزین شوارتز ((SBC بهره گرفتهشد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان میدهد که از بین مدلهای مناسب برازش یافته بر دبی جریان ماهانه در ایستگاه هیدرومتری ایدنک،مدلهای SARIMA(1,0,1)*(2,0,2)12،SARIMA(2,0,2)*(2,0,2)12 و SARIMA(1,0,2)*(2,0,2)12 به ترتیب در اولویت اول، دوم و سوم از لحاظ دقت در برآورد دبی جریان برخوردار می باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
390 - پیش بینی دبی روزانه جریان باراندوزچای با استفاده از تئوری آشوب
احمد پور مقدم ادریس معروفی نیا ابوالفضل شمساییبررسی رفتار جریان رودخانه یکی از موارد اساسی در طراحی، بهره برداری و مطالعات مربوط به مهندسی آب است. از این رو بکارگیری روش های نوین همچون نظریه آشوب در هیدرولوژی و منابع آب به دلیل نوآوری و قابلیت های آن، اخیراً توجه زیادی را به خود جلب کرده است. یکی از کاربردهای نظریه Moreبررسی رفتار جریان رودخانه یکی از موارد اساسی در طراحی، بهره برداری و مطالعات مربوط به مهندسی آب است. از این رو بکارگیری روش های نوین همچون نظریه آشوب در هیدرولوژی و منابع آب به دلیل نوآوری و قابلیت های آن، اخیراً توجه زیادی را به خود جلب کرده است. یکی از کاربردهای نظریه آشوب، تعیین خصوصیات کمی و آنالیز سری های زمانی هیدرولوژیکی همچون جریان رودخانه است. به منظور بازسازی فضای حالت، زمان تاخیر از روش تابع خود همبستگی و بعد محاط از الگوریتم نزدیکترین همسایگی کاذب محاسبه گردید. روش بعد همبستگی نیز برای بررسی آشوبپذیری جریان روزانه بکار گرفته شد، که بعد همبستگی حاصله حاکی از وجود رفتار آشوبناک سری زمانی تحت بررسی میباشد. زمان تأخیر از روش میانگین اطلاعات متقابل برای باراندوزچای برابر 66 به دست آمد. با استفاده از روش نزدیک ترین همسایگی کاذب مناسب ترین بعد محاط برابر 28 تعیین شد. بعد همبستگی برای سری زمانی دبی جریان برابر 1/3 بوده یعنی تعداد متغیرهای لازم برای تشریح سیستم برابر 3 است. مقدار کم بعد همبستگی (d) به دست آمده در مقیاس زمانی روزانه نشان دهنده وجود آشوب در سری زمانی دبی جریان رودخانه باراندوزچای می باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
391 - تحلیل و مدل سازی آماری (پیش بینی) سری زمانی درجه حرارت کلانشهر اهواز
کاظم حمادی لیلا نوذریانپیشبینیهای دما و بارش به طور کارآمدی در تصمیمگیری و استفاده بهینه از منابع آب می­توانند به کار گرفته شوند. تحقیقات انجام شده در کشور نشانگر افزایش چشمگیر درجه حرارت سالانه است. روشن شدن این وضعیت برای کلانشهر اهواز بدلیل قطب جمعیتی جنوب غرب کشور، تراکم صنایع نفت، Moreپیشبینیهای دما و بارش به طور کارآمدی در تصمیمگیری و استفاده بهینه از منابع آب می­توانند به کار گرفته شوند. تحقیقات انجام شده در کشور نشانگر افزایش چشمگیر درجه حرارت سالانه است. روشن شدن این وضعیت برای کلانشهر اهواز بدلیل قطب جمعیتی جنوب غرب کشور، تراکم صنایع نفت، پتروشیمی، فولاد و برق، قطب شبکه­های آبیاری وزهکشی و اراضی زراعی سنتی مهم می باشند. این تحقیق با هدف تحلیل مقدماتی سری زمانی درجه حرارت سالانه اهواز صورت می­گیرد تا ضمن مشخص نمودن مولفه­های سری­­های زمانی به ویژه مولفه روند، میزان سهم و تغییرات آن­ها را نیز روشن نماید. با بکارگیری تئوری سری­های زمانی استوکاستیک همراه با روند نسبت به پیش دید شرایط آتی و شبیه سازی آن برای 58 سال آتی اقدام نمود. نتایج پژوهش نشان­می­دهد روند افزایشی درجه حرارت برابر می­باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
392 - Sustainable supply chain location and routing in online stores
Hossein Firouzi Javad Rezaeian Alireza Rashidi Komijan Mohammad Mehdi MovahediOne of the most important problems for distribution companies (especially large online stores) is the design of docking stations, vehicle routing, and supply chain optimization. In this research, the distribution centers of Digi kala online store have been located. A mu MoreOne of the most important problems for distribution companies (especially large online stores) is the design of docking stations, vehicle routing, and supply chain optimization. In this research, the distribution centers of Digi kala online store have been located. A multi-objective location-routing problem has been developed by meta-heuristic methods considering the principle of stability and time constraints. Based on the results of the proposed model, the effect of demand on the three objectives of time, cost, and environmental and social issues was investigated and it was shown that if demand increases, there will be a greater effect on time. In other words, increasing demand can create gaps that result in increased delivery time, and therefore this can lead to customer dissatisfaction in the long run. Increasing employment also leads to better environmental issues, but has no effect on cost or time. Also, the cost of transporting goods has no effect on environmental issues and time, but leads to increased costs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
393 - Identifying and examining the cause-effect relationships of the effective criteria of procurement time, cost and customer satisfaction in Omni-Chanel distribution network using DEMATEL
Seyed Ghiasuddin Taheri Mehrzad Navabakhsh Hamid Tohidi Davood MohammaditabarOmni-channel is a cross-channel business model that companies use to increase and improve customer relationships. Companies that use Omni-channel believe that the customer's value is the ability to continuously contact the company through multiple ways at the same MoreOmni-channel is a cross-channel business model that companies use to increase and improve customer relationships. Companies that use Omni-channel believe that the customer's value is the ability to continuously contact the company through multiple ways at the same time. In Omni-channel, all customer behaviors are fully predicted and supported in all communication channels and contact points, so that if during the purchase process, the customer changes direction from one communication channel to another, there will be no impact or deficiency in the result of his purchase. In this research, we seek to investigate the cause-effect relationships of the criteria affecting procurement time, cost, and customer satisfaction in Omni-channel distribution network using DEMATEL method. Therefore, by using DEMATEL’s method, the criteria affecting the causal relationships are carried out so that, in addition to the long-term planning process, it has the ability to deal with future uncertainties. According to the calculations and analysis, it was found that the criteria of product inventory, responsiveness, responsibility, communication with the customer, identification and selection of distributors, information technology capability, customer expectations, in the process of improving the procurement time, cost and customer satisfaction in Omni-channel distribution network as handicap factors can play a very effective role in attracting customers and increasing market share in competitive markets. The results showed that among the most important effective factors in improving the procurement time, cost and customer satisfaction in Omni-channel distribution network, the factors of customer return rate and government laws can be mentioned. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
394 - Bi-Objective Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling With Pareto Approximation in a Specified Region
Seyed Mostafa MousaviThis paper studies the production scheduling problem in a hybrid flow shop environment with sequence-dependent setup times and the objectives of minimizing both the maximum completion time and the total tardiness. In the past, bi-objective problems were solved by findin MoreThis paper studies the production scheduling problem in a hybrid flow shop environment with sequence-dependent setup times and the objectives of minimizing both the maximum completion time and the total tardiness. In the past, bi-objective problems were solved by finding Pareto approximation in the entire problem space (without any restrictions). The limitation in this study is to find Pareto approximation in a specified region. In order to solve the problem, multi-objective genetic algorithm based on Pareto ranking has been used. In the structure of the algorithm, two strategies have been proposed in order to select solutions for archiving and produce Pareto in a certain region. After generating sample problems, the genetic algorithm has been implemented with three strategies (two proposed and one general strategy in literature). The appropriate strategy is based on efficient solutions in the archives. The results reflect the fact that the proposed strategies have shown better performance than the literature strategy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
395 - Developing Model of Bus Dwell Time at Regular Bus Stops (Case Study: Abadan City)
Roohangiz Namdari Atousa TangestaniThe bus system is one of the public transportation system subsets and it is the most predominant types of public transportations in developing countries. Researchers show that bus dwell time at the bus stop is an important part of the total traveling time which can take MoreThe bus system is one of the public transportation system subsets and it is the most predominant types of public transportations in developing countries. Researchers show that bus dwell time at the bus stop is an important part of the total traveling time which can take nearly 26 percent of the total commuting time. Selecting process factors are of the commonly used components in bus dwell time modeling at the bus stop which are less considered by scholars. In this study, the affecting parameters are boarding and alighting passengers, number of standee ones on a bus, fare payment methods and number of passengers that don’t know the rout. The used data in this study is obtained from the number of regular route bus stop at Abadan city which was taken by SPSS software. Creating the databank, the Linear Polynomial Regression Models concerning an investigation of the effects of variables on the passengers' wait time are estimated. Since the traffic in Abadan is not so slow and streets do not suffer from the of lack of high traffic load, studying the bus dwell time at bus stops seems required to proper urban traffic planning and decision making, make schedules of bus lines, simulate bus routes and ultimately to develop and improve the public transportation system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
396 - The effectiveness of multimedia educational design based on cognitive load theory on students' academic achievement and self-concept in fifth grade science course
سپیده صفرپور دهکردی اقدس شکریIntroduction: This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of multimedia educational design based on cognitive load theory on the academic progress and self-concept of students in the fifth grade science course. research methodology: The MoreIntroduction: This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of multimedia educational design based on cognitive load theory on the academic progress and self-concept of students in the fifth grade science course. research methodology: The research method was experimental with a pre-test and post-test design for both experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the present study was made up of all the male students of the fifth grade of elementary school in district one of Shiraz city in the academic year of 2021-2022, whose number is estimated to be around 2000 people, referring to the education department of Shiraz city. Sixty of the students under study were selected as a sample through purposive sampling method. The tools used in this research were the Chen and Thompson self-concept questionnaire and the academic achievement test of the science course. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and technical people, and the reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha method. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (univariate and multivariate covariance analysis) were used to analyze the data. Findings: The results of the research indicated that the education through a multimedia educational program based on cognitive load theory explains 15.2% of the variance of academic achievement and 25.1% of the variance of self-concept. Conclusion: The results indicated that the students who used the multimedia educational program based on cognitive load theory had a better situation than other students in terms of academic progress and self-concept. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
397 - The Effectiveness of Multimedia Education on Increasing the Social Skills of Students with Externalizing Psychological Disorders
Mahboobe Taher nasere shakeri Zahra ShahhosseiniIntroduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of multimedia teaching on increasing the social skills of students with externalizing psychological disorder.research methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental. In this study, MoreIntroduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of multimedia teaching on increasing the social skills of students with externalizing psychological disorder.research methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental. In this study, 30 students suffering from externalizing disorder were selected by available sampling method in Shahrood city, and they were trained in 10 sessions using a multimedia training program. The tools of the current research were Achenbach questionnaire, social skills questionnaire and multimedia training package. To analyze the findings, covariance test was used (P ≥ 0.05).Findings and Conclusion: The results of covariance analysis indicated the effectiveness of multimedia teaching on increasing the social skills of students with manifest psychological disorder. (P≥0.05).Therefore, it is recommended that the education system put this style of multimedia education on the agenda. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
398 - Developing a structural model of Self-Handicapping based on time perspective, intelligence beliefs and perceived parenting style by mediating
Fatemeh Maghsoudlonejad Majid Saffarinia ali shirafkankopkanThe aim of this study was to present a structural model of self-handicapping based on time perspective, intelligence beliefs and perceived parenting style mediated by academic self-efficacy in students. The research method was descriptive and structural equation modelin MoreThe aim of this study was to present a structural model of self-handicapping based on time perspective, intelligence beliefs and perceived parenting style mediated by academic self-efficacy in students. The research method was descriptive and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study was all high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2020. The sample size was 400 students who were selected by cluster sampling (4 schools). The research instruments included the On and Framan (1998) Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, the Jones & Rodwalt Self-Handicapping Scale (1982), the Zimbardo Time Perspective Questionnaire (1999), the Grolenick Perceived Parenting Questionnaire (1997), and the Abdolfattah & Yates (2006) Intelligence Beliefs Scale. The collected data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The results of data analysis showed that the prediction model of self-handicapping based on time perspective, intelligence beliefs and perceived parenting style mediated by academic self-efficacy based on experimental data has a good fit. The direct and indirect effects of time perspective and intelligence beliefs on students' self-handicapping were also confirmed (p <0.05). Perceived parenting style and academic self-efficacy directly affect self- handicapping (p <0.05). The present study showed that academic self-efficacy has a mediating role in explaining and predicting students' self-disability. This variable is influenced by time perspective, IQ beliefs and perceived parenting style and on the other hand can have a significant effect on students' self-disability. Each research work has its own limitations, and this research is no exception to this rule. Among the limitations of this study include: Structural relationships of variables were tested by modeling structural equations which is a non-experimental method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
399 - The effectiveness of time perspective treatment in reducing anxiety, depression and work-family conflicts of female education managers
vajiheh zohoorparvandeh elaheh seddighiThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of time perspective therapy on reducing anxiety, depression and work-family conflicts of managers. The research method was semi-experimental in terms of practical purpose and research design MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of time perspective therapy on reducing anxiety, depression and work-family conflicts of managers. The research method was semi-experimental in terms of practical purpose and research design with pre-test-post-test with control group. The socio-statistics of the research included the education managers of Mashhad in the academic year of 2022. In this research, 30 managers were selected by cluster sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 managers in the experimental group and 15 managers in the control group). The experimental group received the training intervention in 8 sessions of 60 minutes during one month. The questionnaires used in this research included Beck's anxiety (1988), Beck's depression (1974) and work-family conflicts by Carlson et al. (2000). The data obtained from the research were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS version 23 statistical software. The results showed that treatment based on time perspective has an effect on reducing anxiety, depression and work-family conflicts of female managers working in education and training (p<0.05). On the other hand, according to the effect size for the post-test anxiety variable in the group, the results showed that 25% of the variance in the anxiety variable is explained by the treatment based on time perspective, as well as 29% for the depression variable and 29% for the work-family conflict variable. 44% is explained. In fact, due to the stressfulness of the management job and according to the results of this research, it is possible to benefit from time perspective therapy as an effective method in strengthening psychological resources and improving the psyche of managers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
400 - Review the story of Sshamseh and Ghahghaheh on the theoty of Genette narratives
ferasat dezhdah davood mohammadiIn recent decades, narrative and narrative have become a relatively new debate in literary criticism. People like Vladimir Prop, uh. Jay Gromas and Tzutan Todorov are pioneers of the constructivist approach. Influenced theory-writers such as Gerard Gent.. The theory of MoreIn recent decades, narrative and narrative have become a relatively new debate in literary criticism. People like Vladimir Prop, uh. Jay Gromas and Tzutan Todorov are pioneers of the constructivist approach. Influenced theory-writers such as Gerard Gent.. The theory of genes is based on five pivotal concepts that include order, continuity, frequency, aspect and toneWe examined these five principles of genius on the story of lullaby and lilac-from the popular book of Al-Qalub - as a narrative of the tenth century, with a library and analytical approach. To discover the feasibility and validity of narratives through the analysis and analysis of the text, and to grasp the coherent structure of the narrative of the effect.The results of this study, after reviewing and adapting the text to Genet's theory, state that, in terms of time, the text is not linear, the narrative is straightforward, events are going on with characters. In the discussion of continuity, due to the attention of the author in all parts of the story, the description of events and the detailed description of events are negative, and this trend continues until the end of the story.. Frequency is also frequent, which emphasizes the goals of the author in the story of the story. The narrator is the wise, the type of focalization of that variable and the personality of the story is dependent. At first, the story has the first person tone, but in episodic narratives it continues with third person narratives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
401 - Analysis of the Wednesday story of Haft Peikar based on the new literature criticism
Mehri Aminisani Maryam SaeeidiIn this paper the Wednesday story from Nezami’s Haft Peikar has been analysed based on the Gilbert Durand theory. The analysis of mentioned story, have lead to extending the Gilbert Durand theory to a more comprehensive framework as such scient MoreIn this paper the Wednesday story from Nezami’s Haft Peikar has been analysed based on the Gilbert Durand theory. The analysis of mentioned story, have lead to extending the Gilbert Durand theory to a more comprehensive framework as such scientific theories have dynamic and extendable characteristics. According to the Gilbert Durand’s patern, sometimes the main course of text is about the daytime imagination and sometimes it is about the nighttime imagination and sometimes alters between both of them. From Durand’s point of view, in the ideal situation both clusters must be in the text. But in this story we encounter an interesting and prominent situation and that is when nighttime cluster turns into daytime cluster. It seems that Durand has not encountered such situation, because in his categorization we cannot find such a category of transforming one cluster to another. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
402 - “Selecting target literary texts , a solution for raising perception in Elementery School Students”
Golbarg Zehni Arsalan GolfamThe Persian training book is the base of forming sort literary in children*s mind ,so attention to language functions and analysis of the deviations can be useful for instilling concepts.In this research it is tried to examine this issue by Jacobsen and Leach theo MoreThe Persian training book is the base of forming sort literary in children*s mind ,so attention to language functions and analysis of the deviations can be useful for instilling concepts.In this research it is tried to examine this issue by Jacobsen and Leach theory and determine how much these factors are used in the contexts which the students have a greater understanding and how priority of their applications are .In according to large amount of content, only the poetries of reading book in 5th grade of elementary stage were assested. . The statiscal society were 100 boy students in Tehran.The result of this research can be useful for enhancing the quality of written educational contents which are special for this age. As the result , studies have shown that the refrential role and time deviation are more used in poetry with high concept. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
403 - Remaining useful life estimation of mechanical systems by mixed method of mathematical method and evolutionary computational framework
fatemeh mehreganAn accurate prediction of the remaining useful life of the equipment is necessary for use, repairs and maintenance. Useful life prediction has been widely used, while the data obtained from it is not functional in different conditions. Many data-driven algorithms have b MoreAn accurate prediction of the remaining useful life of the equipment is necessary for use, repairs and maintenance. Useful life prediction has been widely used, while the data obtained from it is not functional in different conditions. Many data-driven algorithms have been proposed and good results have been obtained in the field of predictive troubleshooting. Therefore, in this article, the relevant parameters are optimized using the meta-heuristic algorithm, so that the moving time window is used along with the mathematical model. Setting parameters related to data in the optimization framework allows the use of simple models such as neural networks with a small number of hidden layers and a small number of neurons in each layer, which can be used in environments with limited resources such as embedded systems. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the root mean square error scoring index and useful life health score have been used. For this purpose, a random data set has been considered and the results show the acceptability of the method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
404 - Identifying Leading Indicators in Determining Customer Lifetime Value In Sports Clubs
Mahrokh Rajabiasli MOZHGAN khodamoradpor mozafar yektayar reshad hosseiniThe current research was developed in order to identify the leading indicators of customer lifetime value in sports clubs. This research is practical in terms of purpose and mixed (sequential exploratory) in terms of nature and method. The research was conducted in two MoreThe current research was developed in order to identify the leading indicators of customer lifetime value in sports clubs. This research is practical in terms of purpose and mixed (sequential exploratory) in terms of nature and method. The research was conducted in two parts, qualitative and quantitative. The sample of the qualitative section consisted of 18 sports experts and 384 sports managers of sports clubs in the quantitative section. The sample selection in the qualitative part was done in a targeted non-random method with a snowball approach and the data was collected with semi-structured interviews. In the quantitative part, the sample size was selected from the stratified random cluster sampling method and the data was collected from the questionnaire output from the qualitative part. Delphi technique statistical methods were used in the qualitative stage and structural equations were used in the quantitative stage. Statistical analyzes were performed with SPSS and Amos software. The results show that the drivers of customer lifetime value depend on nine factors (hardware, software, financial, strategic, social, motivational, behavioral, process and executive). In line with the results, it is suggested that managers improve their trust and confidence by taking into account the motivational, executive and behavioral factors of customer satisfaction and loyalty, and also predict the future situation of customers by considering strategic and financial factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
405 - The Effect of time management training on creativity of elementary school
Fariba Koushki Alimohammad NaemiPurpose: the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of time-management training on creativity and its components of students in elementary school. Method: Semi-experimental research was a pre-test-post-test with control group. The statistical population of t MorePurpose: the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of time-management training on creativity and its components of students in elementary school. Method: Semi-experimental research was a pre-test-post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study included all female students of the sixth grade of elementary school in Sabzevar city (2016-17 academic years). For this purpose, 40 female students of sixth grade girl students were selected through a cluster sampling method in one of the Shahed schools. They were randomly assigned to two groups named experimental (20 persons) and control (20 persons). Pretest was done on both groups. The experimental group received a time management training program in ten sessions of 60 minutes, while the control group did not receive any plans. After two weeks training the post-test was performed on both groups. The instrument was Abedi Creativity Questionnaire (1985). The collected data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (covariance analysis). Results: The results showed that time management training had a positive and significant effect on creativity and elaboration and originality components; but not significant effect on fluency and flexibility components. Conclusion: According to the results, it could be said that time management training reinforce creativity thinking of students in science class, so attention to role of time management training for enhancing students creativity thinking is recommenced to the teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
406 - the effectiveness use of researcher– made multimedia software on the quality of creativity and Educational Achievement of students in Fifth grade elementary school.
Sajad Ghorbani Alireza Sadeghi Ghodsi AhgharThe main objective of the research was to investigate the effectiveness use of researcher– made multimedia software on the quality of Creativity science in Fifth grade elementary school. This research was quasi-experimental study with a pretest - posttest design w MoreThe main objective of the research was to investigate the effectiveness use of researcher– made multimedia software on the quality of Creativity science in Fifth grade elementary school. This research was quasi-experimental study with a pretest - posttest design with a control group. The statistical population was of All students of the fifth grade of the elementary school of Tarom city were in the academic year 2017-18, among 40 schools in the form of two groups of evidence and testing And each group has 20 schools were selected by random cluster sampling method. One group (n = 20) was selected as the experimental group and the other group (n =20) as the control group. In the experimental group, the software training and in the control group and After the end of the test, post-test was performed on both groups. To collect information, the Abedi Creative Development Achievement Questionnaire was used to determine the reliability of the academic achievement tests that obtained 0.838 for the pre-test and 0.856 for the post-test. The data were analyzed with covariance analysis and T test . The results showed that the researcher– made educational software had a positive effect the quality of science in Fifth grade elementary school (P>0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
407 - The role of gender, academic discipline and time management in predicting students’ verbal creativity at Bu-Ali Sina
Abolghasem Yaghoobi Hossein Mohagheghi Maryam Mottaghian Background: creativity and time management for everyone are important issues, and for students of course more important and perhaps more vital. Aims: This study has considered the relationship between creativity and time management in students, the mediating role More Background: creativity and time management for everyone are important issues, and for students of course more important and perhaps more vital. Aims: This study has considered the relationship between creativity and time management in students, the mediating role of gender and field of study. Method: The statistical society included all students of the Bu Ali Sina University in 2012 that 375 of them were selected as pilot group based on stratified method and relative type. They were also tested by two questionnaires of Britton and Tesser's Time Management and Verbal Section (part) of Torrance Creativity Test. Result (s): The result showed a significant and positive relation between creativity and time management, so that the more short- term planning students have, the greater creativity they will create. It can be mentioned, based on the result, short-term planning of male students has stronger connection with Individual Creativity than the female ones. There was positive relation between time attitudes and creativity. Also, score of verbal creativity in the female were higher than male. Conclusion: these findings have some practical implications which will be mentioned in the paper in more details. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
408 - The Role of Motivational Aspects of Time Management on Creativity of Students at Tabriz University
Rahim Badri Gorgori Fariba HosseiniBackground: From a theoretical perspective, creativity has been defined as the production or generation of novel and valuable ideas, products, or processes by an individual or group. Creativity is a function of available time and is negatively related to time pressure e MoreBackground: From a theoretical perspective, creativity has been defined as the production or generation of novel and valuable ideas, products, or processes by an individual or group. Creativity is a function of available time and is negatively related to time pressure experienced. Objective: This research was conducted to determine the relation between perceived control of time, tenacity, preference for disorganization with creativity of students at the Tabriz University. Method: Some 240 students from Tabriz University were selected by random cluster sampling method. Data was gathered through Torrance tests of creative thinking and Time management attitude and motivational aspects scale. Data was analyzed by AMOS software and with path analysis. Findings: The results showed that creativity was predicted directly by perceived control of time (β=0/22) and preference for disorganization (β= -0/18). In addition, results showed although direct effects of the tenacity on creativity were not significant, but it had indirect effect on creativity by perceived control of time (β= -0/09). Conclusion: The results suggest that perceived control of time and preference for organization may be necessary for the effective exploitation of creative ideas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
409 - Surface Water Quality Assessment Using Linear Modeling Approach to Long-Term Environmental Changes (Case Study of Amirkabir-Karaj Dam Basin)
Sara Ranjbari Jamal Ghodusi Reza Arjmandi Amirhessam HassaniThe special importance of the Karaj River and Dam in the establishment of sustainable security of water supply in Tehran and maintaining the ecological stability of the aquatic environment and human activities related to water play a prominent and vital role. The aim of MoreThe special importance of the Karaj River and Dam in the establishment of sustainable security of water supply in Tehran and maintaining the ecological stability of the aquatic environment and human activities related to water play a prominent and vital role. The aim of this study was to identify sources of pollutants. Quality of surface water resources for 8 water quality parameters (sulfate, chlorine, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, total solute, electrical conductivity and sodium uptake ratio) in 10 Karaj-Amir dam dams It was great. In this study, the effect of changes in hydrological parameters on pollutant sources as well as the spatial origin of these pollutants and the appropriateness of watershed management measures during the 40-year period from 1347 to 1398 were investigated using Convik correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The results showed that the application of factor analysis in evaluating surface water quality parameters is one of the important cases for source and elimination of information noise. Focal variables 1 and 2 with correlation coefficients of 0.98 and 0.81 have potential ability especially for changes in environmental variables such as rainfall (H) and The volume of annual sediments (W) has a direct effect on the three elements of water quality, namely calcium, total salts and total hydrogen ratio, respectively, and they establish a direct relationship. The results showed that the share of incoming pollution load from the tributaries of the Karaj River due to the uses located in them in the pollution of the dam reservoir is more than the main tributary of the river and its uses. In particular, the sub-basins of Velayatrud, Shahrestanak and Sira have a total of more than one third of the share of pollution entering the reservoir. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
410 - A Comparative Study of Transport Impact Assessment on Pollution in Tehran. Case Study of Tehran 18th and 5th Districts
AliAsghar Ghasemi Azadeh Arbabi Sbsevari Masoomeh SohrabiAir pollution is a process that depends on various atmospheric conditions and weather and climate phenomena are involved in the formation of this problem. Today, in Tehran and in many of the major industrial cities in the world, especially in developing countries, vario MoreAir pollution is a process that depends on various atmospheric conditions and weather and climate phenomena are involved in the formation of this problem. Today, in Tehran and in many of the major industrial cities in the world, especially in developing countries, various pollutants are discharged through motor vehicles, industries and commercial and household sources. The purpose of this study was to study the concentration time of carbon monoxide pollutant in different times of the day and to investigate the relationship between carbon dioxide concentration and concentration of carbon monoxide with weather variables in Tehran's 5th and 18th regions. In this study, a statistical method was used to achieve the goals. At first, the concentration time of pollutants was identified in 4 periods in the study area. In order to calculate correlation and regression analysis between carbon monoxide with wind speed, minimum temperature and maximum temperature, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis were used in SPSS and Excel. The results of multiple regression and percentage of coefficient of variation explained in area 18 with the input of three wind speed variables, minimum temperature and maximum temperature in the pollutant modeling of the CO station showed that the studied variables explained the CO pollutant of Shadabad station to 0.16 They made Also, in District 5, the results of this study showed that the amount of CO contamination in the daytime is at 8 o'clock in the morning and is the lowest amount of record at 15 o'clock during the 9-year period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
411 - Chaotic Analysis of Climate Change on Parishan Lake's Drought
Farhang Rahmani Mohammad Hadi FattahiChaos theory has been applied for analyzing the mechanism of climate change effect on the drought of Parishan Lake. SPI, as well as several extreme climate indices, is measured, and several parameters (precipitation, evaporation, and temperature) affecting the drought a MoreChaos theory has been applied for analyzing the mechanism of climate change effect on the drought of Parishan Lake. SPI, as well as several extreme climate indices, is measured, and several parameters (precipitation, evaporation, and temperature) affecting the drought are considered. A chaos analysis is finally conducted on them. Under these circumstances, a control basin is considered to investigate the behavior of the trajectories in the phase space under the Parishan sub-basin. The findings indicate that besides climate change impacts, an intra-basin factor has intensified the drought phenomenon. Results reveal that this intra-basin parameter affects the lake's drought more than climate change. Destructive activities, such as the excessive use of underground water resources and conversion of the natural land resources for agricultural use, can be mentioned. Consequently, the control of these parameters (or in other words, permitted abstraction of groundwater and adaptation) is likely to lead to control and mitigate the lake's drought. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
412 - The Effectiveness of Flortime Play Therapy on Improving the Attitude and Adaptive Behavior of Children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Zahra Darvish Damavandi Fariborz Dortaj Bahram Ali Ghanbari Hashemabadi Ali DelavarPurpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of fluorotime play therapy on improving the behavior and adaptive behavior of children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methods: The quasi-experimental research design was pretest-po MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of fluorotime play therapy on improving the behavior and adaptive behavior of children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methods: The quasi-experimental research design was pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all children aged 9-11 years with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) under the auspices of Hazrat Ali Asghar (AS) Clinic in Rey in 2018-19 that 30 people were selected as a statistical sample and divided into two groups. (One experimental group and one control group) were randomly replaced. First, both groups were measured with Barclay Executive Activity Failure Scale (BDEFS-CA), adaptive behavior with the adaptive behavior scale of Limbert et al. (1974). They received 8 sessions of 60-minute fluorotime play therapy. At the end of the course, both groups were tested with the mentioned questionnaires. Findings: The results of analysis of covariance showed that fluorotime play therapy was effective in improving the behavior and adaptive behavior of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this way, fluorotime play therapy reduces executive failure and also reduces behaviors. Unexplained in the experimental group (p <0.01). Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of fluortime play therapy on improving the behavior and adaptive behavior of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), fluorescence play therapy can be used as an effective method in attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by psychologists. To be placed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
413 - Semi-automatic monitoring in monitoring the privacy of electricity transmission and super distribution lines in Yazd province using time series analysis of radar images, a case study of Jumhouri Blvd
Mahdieh RezaeyanToday, the electricity industry is considered one of the most vital industries of a country, and considering that the passage of electricity transmission lines in each region has different effects and radiation depending on its voltage, so in order to preserve human hea MoreToday, the electricity industry is considered one of the most vital industries of a country, and considering that the passage of electricity transmission lines in each region has different effects and radiation depending on its voltage, so in order to preserve human health, plant growth and prevent financial losses, Privacy must be respected. One of the optimal methods in semi-automatic monitoring and monitoring of illegal constructions is the use of remote sensing and the use of radar images. In this research, Sentinel1 radar time series images were used to monitor the security of transmission and super distribution lines, which after applying pre-processing Necessary in SNAP software, In order to extract the zero sigma dispersion coefficient of the images and make them binary, 100 sample points were taken as a statistical population from the Landsat images and the threshold limit of the construction of two images were calculated and the number 0.081003 was obtained as the threshold limit, and then by creating the privacy layer of the transmission network and overlaying it with the fuzzy images, the amount of interference The constructions were determined by the structure of the network privacy and also the illegal constructions were identified during one year with the pixel-based algorithm and at the end drone images were used for validation, the results of this research indicate that most of the illegal constructions can be identified using the method presented It was identified semi-automatically with 85-90% accuracy and increased the speed of identifying illegal constructions in privacy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
414 - Narrative analysis of the parrot and merchant story in Masnavi based on the theory of time in the narrative of Gerard Genet
sara javid mozafari mandana alimi One of the new approaches taken from linguistics is narratology; it examines the techniques and structure of narratives and thus seeks out the grammar of the narrative. Narration and its application in Persian literature has not much history. One of the greatest More One of the new approaches taken from linguistics is narratology; it examines the techniques and structure of narratives and thus seeks out the grammar of the narrative. Narration and its application in Persian literature has not much history. One of the greatest storytellers of Persian literature is Rumi; in Mathnawi he used storytelling and narration to achieve his goals and express high concepts. His versatility in applying the precise principles of storytelling techniques and his aristocracy to a variety of storytelling techniques has made Mathnawi a living and enduring world-renowned work. One of these is how to use the element of time in the narrative. One of the scholars who has been discussing the timing of the narrative in recent decades is Gerard French Genet. The purpose of this study is to use the theory of time in the narrative of Genet in three topics: order, continuity and frequency, to analyze the narrative-theological narrative of the parrot and merchant in Mathnawi. The method of this study is analytical-descriptive with narrative approach; also the findings of this study show that Gennett's theory of Genet provides a good model for analyzing Mathnawi stories. Another achievement of this research is the benefit of new approaches to literary criticism and analysis and new knowledge, including narration in the study of classical texts such as Mathnawi. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
415 - The Effect of Lifetime of Particles on the Casimir Energy
Madad Ali ValuyanIn this paper we investigate the Casimir energy for systems with the lifetime of particles. We believe that all of the scales that naturally appear in the formulation of the problem in terms of a lagrangian and the set of boundary conditions, as internal scales. We defi MoreIn this paper we investigate the Casimir energy for systems with the lifetime of particles. We believe that all of the scales that naturally appear in the formulation of the problem in terms of a lagrangian and the set of boundary conditions, as internal scales. We define all other scales such as lifetime of particles as external scales. One of the first effects of these external scales is the restrictions could be apply on the allowed modes in the zero point energy of a system. In this paper we show how these scales (for example the finite lifetime of particles) produce restrictions on the allowed modes, which alter the Casimir energy. We compare our results with those reported in the literature, which are invariably devoid of such scales, and show that the difference increases when the internal scales of the problem approach the external scales. In order to describe above effects, we use the generic and simple example of a massive scalar field confined between two points with Dirichlet boundary conditions in one spatial dimension. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
416 - Evaluation of Steel Braced Frames under Vertical and Horizontal Components of Near Field Earthquake
علی گل افشار متین روشنی محمد حسین ثقفیIn the common practice design of structures, Often the effect of vertical component of earthquake is ignored, but this component is important parameter especially in near field Earthquakes. The objective of this paper is study the effect of vertical and horizontal compo MoreIn the common practice design of structures, Often the effect of vertical component of earthquake is ignored, but this component is important parameter especially in near field Earthquakes. The objective of this paper is study the effect of vertical and horizontal component of earthquake ground motion in steel braced frames. First verification of numerical models through finite element software package (ABAQUS) is carried out. Comparison of the result of load displacement curve for numerical and experimental model shows matching result. After this, two concentrically braced frames with X-configuration are selected from previous researches. Four earthquake records have been used for this study. Kobe, Northridge, Tabas and Imperial Valley. Two components of earthquake are applied simultaneously to frames under nonlinear time history analysis. The results that extract from the analysis content of vertical and horizontal displacement of roof and plastic dissipated energy during earthquakes. the intensity of the former parameters is depend of earthquake intensity and frequency content of them. Assessing the result reveal that in the three story frame, the ratio of maximum vertical displacement to maximum horizontal displacement is crucial parameter with respect to seven story braced frame. Also the time of plastic energy dissipated for frames is short because of nature of near field earthquake. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
417 - Experimental investigation on the effect of resistance projection welding parameters on weld joint torque strength of nut to sheet
Nasrollah Bani mostafa Arab Amir Alinaghizadeh Ali DehghaniNowadays welding is the most important and the most common joining processfor Metals (and sometimes other metals). Among the existing methods for welding, ressistance welding uses heat and pressure simultaneously, In this thesis, effect of the process parameters on tors MoreNowadays welding is the most important and the most common joining processfor Metals (and sometimes other metals). Among the existing methods for welding, ressistance welding uses heat and pressure simultaneously, In this thesis, effect of the process parameters on torsional strength of resistance projection welds in sheet metal and nut with different thickness has been investigated. Welding time, welding current and electrode force are the most important factors affecting the quality of a the weld. The Minitab16 software and response surface method have been used to conduct experiments to find the effect of the above parametrs on torsional strength. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
418 - Design and Modeling of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing and Ultrasonic waves propagation Simulation in Metal Plate by Finite Element Software (ABAQUS)
shahram yareieeUltrasonic Phased Arrays are an emerging technology in nondestructive testing and evaluation. The type of linear phased array probe is a prevailing type in which elements are placed side by side and longitudinally. In this paper ultrasonic phased array testing (UPAT) is MoreUltrasonic Phased Arrays are an emerging technology in nondestructive testing and evaluation. The type of linear phased array probe is a prevailing type in which elements are placed side by side and longitudinally. In this paper ultrasonic phased array testing (UPAT) is introduce and in order to modeling and design UPAT consideration of wave equation solution by Finite Element is proposed. ABAQUS 6.14 is used as finite element software. Wave propagation in two form is simulated, straight and inclined. Direct and sectorial scanning is based on these forms of waves propagation. Time delay is the most important issue that should be considered in UPAT modeling. Results of simulation is verified by comparing previous research in UT field. Finally, results in additional to proposed the obvious view of UPAT, it's so useful for properly design probes and defect detection UPAT devices. Using finite element methods in this field is cost and time effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
419 - The Meaning of Colour in the Third Book of Dinkard
Golfam SharifiThe word of colour has two meaning: real and metonymy. The usage of the word “colour” in metonymic and allegoric concepts causes the increase of this word’s comment. It is used in the folklore as stories, expressions and legends. In this research, the MoreThe word of colour has two meaning: real and metonymy. The usage of the word “colour” in metonymic and allegoric concepts causes the increase of this word’s comment. It is used in the folklore as stories, expressions and legends. In this research, the word “colour” is being studied in three chapters (27, 28, and 29) of the third book of Dinkard in the combination of “the colour of time” and “the colour of “Erān-šahr”. These three chapters are the complicated philosophical texts in the middle Persian and are referenced to its transcribed text and its Persian translation. At the end, we find that the author of the third book of Dinkard had used this word in its symbolic meaning. So the text becomes attractive to the readers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
420 - Effects of Acute Motor Restraint Stress on the Expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3, and Znt4 Genes Expression in Hippocampus of Male Rats
Maede Nilechi Akram Eidi Hamid Galehdari Mahnaz KesmatiStress is mentioned as a common problem in daily life. Disrupting the homeostasis of metal elements such as zinc in the central nervous system, stress causes diseases or dysfunction of various tissues. Zinc plays an important role in the function of vital organs, especi MoreStress is mentioned as a common problem in daily life. Disrupting the homeostasis of metal elements such as zinc in the central nervous system, stress causes diseases or dysfunction of various tissues. Zinc plays an important role in the function of vital organs, especially the central nervous system. Disorders of zinc homeostasis in turn lead to the development or progression of diseases such as Alzheimer's, depression, learning disabilities, and ischemia. Zinc transporters (ZnT) and ZIP proteins maintain Zinc homeostasis in the live organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute motor restraint stress on the expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3, and Znt4 genes in the hippocampus of rats as one of the tissues with high zinc density. Adult male rats were divided into groups of control and stress. RNA was extracted from hippocampal tissue and changes in the expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3 and Znt4 genes were monitored by real-time PCR. The results showed that due to stress induction, Znt1 gene expression increased significantly and no significant changes were observed in the expression of other studied genes. Identifying those zinc transporter genes that are altered by stress can make it possible to find a cure for stress by regulating zinc levels in the body through Zinc-containing drugs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
421 - Evaluation of CCND1 and ITGB1 genes expression in patients with breast cancer
Farnam Gholipour Maralan shohreh Zare Karizi Mohammad Ebrahim zadehBreast cancer is the most common type of invasive cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in women. Therefore, evaluating the molecular mechanisms is of crucial importance in this respect. the CCND1 gene encodes the Cyclin D1 protein and Cyclin D1 overexpres MoreBreast cancer is the most common type of invasive cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in women. Therefore, evaluating the molecular mechanisms is of crucial importance in this respect. the CCND1 gene encodes the Cyclin D1 protein and Cyclin D1 overexpression has been shown to correlate with early cancer onset and tumor progression. Cyclin D1 overexpression can also down-regulate Fas expression, leading to increased chemotherapeutic resistance and protection from apoptosis. In addition, Integrin beta-1 (ITGB1), is a cell surface receptor that in humans is encoded by the ITGB1 gene. Abnormal levels of integrin beta-1D have been found in limb girdle muscular dystrophy and polyneuropathy.Sample from tissues of 30 patients with breast cancer and the normal margin of tissues were bought from Imam Khomeini hospital. Afterwards, genomic RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis using quantitative real-time PCR method was implemented and after primer design for CCND1 and ITGB1 genes, gene expression was analyzed. The CCND1 and ITGB1 genes demonstrated a significant expression increase in breast cancer tumor samples compared to adjacent normal samples (P <0.0001). The increased expression of CCND1 and ITGB1 genes may enhance the process of cell cycle and this condition can develop tumorigenesis; however more research is needed to confirm these findings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
422 - Examining GLUT1 mRNA level in tissue samples of non-small cell lung cancer
Fatemeh Saedvand Mehdi Ebrahimi Shohre Zare KariziIntroduction: Lung cancer is a type of malignant lung tumor, which is the most important cause of death caused by cancer in humans. GLUT1 is an important transporter of glucose to cells, and its over expression is involved in increasing the metabolism of cancer cells.Ai MoreIntroduction: Lung cancer is a type of malignant lung tumor, which is the most important cause of death caused by cancer in humans. GLUT1 is an important transporter of glucose to cells, and its over expression is involved in increasing the metabolism of cancer cells.Aim: Investigating changes in GLUT1 gene expression in non-small cell cancer tissue samples.Materials and Methods: Number of 30 tissue samples of non-small cell lung cancer and 30 tissue samples adjacent to the tumor were obtained from patients referred to Masih Deneshvari Hospital after obtaining consent. After sampling, RNA isolation and cDNA production, GLUT1 and GAPDH mRNA level was measured by Real-Time PCR technique. Statistical analysis of gene expression data was done with t test. Results: In 21 samples (70%), GLUT1 mRNA level in non-small cell lung cancer tissue was increased compared to healthy tissue. In addition, the level of mRNA in tumor tissue increased by 3.4 times compared to normal tissue (P = 0.013).Conclusion: The increase in GLUT1 mRNA level in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells can be a sign of changing the metabolic program of these cells to aerobic glycolysis, which results in tumor expansion and malignancy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
423 - Design of PID Controller for Teleopration System with Genetic Algorithm
Mohammad Esmaeil akbari -
Open Access Article
424 - Generating Optimal Timetabling for Lecturers using Hybrid Fuzzy and Clustering Algorithms
hamed babaei amin hadidi -
Open Access Article
425 - Optimizing maximum rate of normalized power of terahertz switch constant state based on photonic crystals
hosnieh mohammadpour samiyeh matloub -
Open Access Article
426 - An analytical model for estimating the reliability of critical software systems by considering the self-healing property of bottleneck components
Ali Tarinejad Habib Izadkhah Mohammad Reza MollaHosieni Kamal Mirzaie -
Open Access Article
427 - Improvement of Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in Artificial Heart
Majid Neshat Yazdi Reihaneh Kardehi Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
428 - Speed Up, Slow Down or Both? Investigating the Contemporary Cities
Azadeh Pourtazak Seyed Hossein Bahrainy Mohammad Naghizadeh -
Open Access Article
429 - A Hybrid Type-2 Fuzzy-LSTM Model for Prediction of Environmental Temporal Patterns
Aref Safari Rahil Hosseini -
Open Access Article
430 - A Hybrid Meta-Heuristic Approach for Design and Solving a Location Routing Problem Considering the Time Window
Mohammad Amin Rahmani Ahamd Mirzaei Milad Hamzehzadeh Aghbelagh -
Open Access Article
431 - The Effect of Writing Skills Training based on “Multi-Dimensional Planning and Multimedia Learning Packages ”on Students' Intuitive Learning Style and Problem Solving
Tayebe ParAzaran Mojgan Abdollahi Fatemeh Parasteh GhombvaniThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of writing skills training on students’ intuitive learning style and problem solving based on MDP& MLP in Alborz Province. The research method was Quasi-experimental by using a two-group design with pre-te MoreThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of writing skills training on students’ intuitive learning style and problem solving based on MDP& MLP in Alborz Province. The research method was Quasi-experimental by using a two-group design with pre-test and post-test. Sample size was 120 students who were randomly selected as clusters from among a statistical population consisting of 4154 fifth-graders and 4237 sixth-graders in the academic year of 2017- 2018. Sixty students of sample group were randomly put in the experimental group and the others into the control group. First, both groups took the pre-test. The experimental group was trained in 10 sessions of writing skills training based on MDP& MLP and the control group was exposed to routine school education. Then both groups received post-test. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.90. The data were analyzed by SPSS software.The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the components of intuitive learning style and problem solving in both groups. There was also a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test of the experimental group (P≤0.01).Conclusion: Teaching writing skills based on MDP& MLP has a positive and significant effect on the intuitive learning style and problem solving (P≤0.01).Keywords:Writing Skills, Multidimensional Programming, Multimedia Learning Package, Intuitive Learning Style, Problem Solving. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
432 - The Effectiveness of Leisure Time on Happiness, Self-Efficacy and Mental Health in Secondary School Students in Baghmalek City in the Year 2017-2018
jahanbakhsh orak fariborze moradi yarali mombiniThe main purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of leisure time usefulness on happiness, self-efficacy and mental health of secondary school students in Baghmalek city. The present study is a quasi-experimental one. The statistical population of this s MoreThe main purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of leisure time usefulness on happiness, self-efficacy and mental health of secondary school students in Baghmalek city. The present study is a quasi-experimental one. The statistical population of this study included all high school male students in Baghmalek city in the academic year 2017-18 with 1456 students. The sample size of the study consisted of 60 students (30 experimental and 30 control group) from fourth grade high school students in Baghmalek city who were selected by cluster random sampling. In the experimental group, in addition to the normal school activities, one to two sessions per week, which usually lasted one half-day each week, were performed by the students' favorite activities, followed by 50 days of post-test in both groups. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Scherrer Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (GHQ) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used in this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 and Levin, Glomogorov-Smirnov and covariance tests. The results showed that the effect of leisure time on happiness (f = 13.93), P = 0.001 and leisure time accounted for 52% of happiness changes. The effect of leisure time on self-efficacy (f = 17.64) was P = 0.001 and the effect of leisure time on mental health (f = 25.78) was P = 0.001. The effect of leisure time on physical problems, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression was significant at P <0.05. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
433 - Predicting the academic achievement of students with academic procrastination in Isfahan high school based on personality types and time perspective
elham foroozandeh Mahsa KadkhodaeiThe purpose of this study was to predict the academic achievement of students with academic procrastination in Isfahan high school based on personality types and time perspective. The statistical population of the study was students with academic procrastination in the MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict the academic achievement of students with academic procrastination in Isfahan high school based on personality types and time perspective. The statistical population of the study was students with academic procrastination in the second year of high school in Isfahan in the academic year 1398-1399 who 100 of them were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling as sample. Data were collect by Solomon and Roth academic procrastination questionnaire (1984), Zimbardo and Boyd time perspective(1999), Myers Briggs personality types (Form M) (1993), and the average grade point of students in the previous academic year to assess their academic achievement, and were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression in SPSS-24 software. The results showed that extraverted-Intuitive-rational-perceptual personality type (ENTP) had a significant negative relationship with students' academic achievement. Also, there was a significant negative relationship between the dimensions of the negative past, pleasure present and passive in the present with academic achievement; and there was a significant positive relationship between prospective and positive past with academic achievement. In addition, the other results of this study showed that among the types of personality, ENTP personality type and among the dimensions of the time perspective, Negative past, pleasure present and passive present variables were significant predictors of academic achievement in students with academic procrastination. Therefore, it is possible to increase the academic achievement of students with academic procrastination by providing timely and appropriate interventions to improve the prospect of future time by considering personality types. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
434 - The Effectiveness of Time perspective Education on Flow and Grit of Female High School Students
Shekoofeh Rahimpour Mozhgan arefi Gholamreza ManshaiThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of time perspective on flow and grit in female students in Abarkouh. This is an quasi-experimental research, using a pre-test-post-test approach with control group design. The statistical population was all high MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of time perspective on flow and grit in female students in Abarkouh. This is an quasi-experimental research, using a pre-test-post-test approach with control group design. The statistical population was all high school female students, and the participants were 30 students recruited through multi-cluster sampling method. Using simple randomized method, they were divided into two experimental and control groups. To collect data Martin and Jackson flow short form (2008), Duckworth and Quinn Grit Scale(2009) were used as pre-test in both groups. Then, the time perspective education, as the independent variable (intervention), was conducted only in the experimental group in 12 sessions of 90 minutes each; the control group did not receive any instructions. At the end of instructions, the questionnaires were administered again in both groups as post-tests. Data were analysed by covariance analysis. The results showed that the time perspective education instruction has a positive and meaningful impact on flow and grit of female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
435 - An investigation of the relationship between managers’ management style and time management in Bojnourd's high schools
zahra yazdanpanah maryam hesariThe present research has been done to investigate the relationship between management style and time management of managers in Bojnord Highschool level within 2008-2009 academic year. It is theoretically based on Robert Houoe's theory of path-aim, which is o MoreThe present research has been done to investigate the relationship between management style and time management of managers in Bojnord Highschool level within 2008-2009 academic year. It is theoretically based on Robert Houoe's theory of path-aim, which is one of the contingency theories. For this reason, management style is considered as a predictor variable and time management as a norm variable. A descriptive correlational study has been employed to gather data and examine the relationship between variable in a non-experimental situation. The statistical population consists of 49 high school managers, including private and state run schools. They were randomly selected using KREJCIE-Morgan test. To gather data on management styles, a researcher-made questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.92 was used. Time Management Questionnaire(Karamy, 1999) was employed. It has a reliability index of 0.86 and is highly content valid. Frequency table, standard deviation, bar graph and pie charts are used to describe the data. To infer results, Pearson correlation test, scatter diagram, t-test, Cronbach alpha, and horizontal tables along with SPSS software were employed. The results show that there a relationship between management style and time management at 95 percent confidence level. There is also a significant relationship between authoritative, supportive and participatory styles and time management Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
436 - Fatimid marine fleet in Mediterranean
hamidreza VerdiAbstract: Fatimid dynasty came to power with efforts made by Ishmaelite rebels in North Africa in 912AD (297hegira) and joined Egypt to this sovereignty in 972AD (358hegira). Following to conquest of Egypt and access to affluent wealth of this region, their expansionis MoreAbstract: Fatimid dynasty came to power with efforts made by Ishmaelite rebels in North Africa in 912AD (297hegira) and joined Egypt to this sovereignty in 972AD (358hegira). Following to conquest of Egypt and access to affluent wealth of this region, their expansionist objectives were also formed for which marine fleet was one of the requirements. The main question is that why and how Fatimid established marine fleet in Mediterranean Sea and to what extent they succeeded in this regard. The present essay is intended to express various aspects of maritime organization and developing of their activity in the maritime course in order to expand cultural and political influence in Mediterranean Sea. Given the Fatimid have benefitted from all their potential to expand power and influence in Mediterranean zone in order to prove legitimacy of their caliphate, it can be concluded that the Fatimid inaugurated maritime fleet equipped with types of ships and shipbuilding instruments and workshops for stabilizing of this caliphate and developing power of their government so that this fleet has served for their cultural, economic, political and military goals in Mediterranean Sea and other surrounding waters from ninth to twelfth AD centuries. Keywords: Corps bureau, Fleet, Maritime equipment, Workshop, Element of corps Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
437 - Time and place ̉s station in knowing method after great prophet ̉ s departure in passing ignorant ̉s society
hamid parsaniya habiballah halimeGreat Prophet in society invited people, that they rush to in the direction of null in their all different walks of life,to become dominant corruption and oppression in spite of this, Good God want by that excellencies given right to government, and want cleanse people MoreGreat Prophet in society invited people, that they rush to in the direction of null in their all different walks of life,to become dominant corruption and oppression in spite of this, Good God want by that excellencies given right to government, and want cleanse people ̉s heart from polytheism uncleaness and trimmed their behaviour and then amended fhair gathering. The Final prophet in ten years inviting period after own departure was fonforonting with different stations in regard to time and place and with different people in regard to phsycology and sociology that this followed that different exigencies, SO in this paper will answered this question that whether this different exigencies also come from phsycology and Sociology dimension and time and place dimension in that excellency knowing method. With studies and analysis about historiced, sire maghazi, translations, commentary book, getting result, that great prophet observed people,s capacity from phsycology and sociology and with attention to that every speech has place and time and every point has place with establishment mosque and demolition Mosque, dispatch invitations, creation unity, sen ding messenger to negotiation countries,s heads and… He could widen Islam to spreed word. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
438 - Analyzing the Impact of Using Multimedia Visual Aids on Iranian EFL Learners’ Oral skill
Fatemeh Mohammadi Sadegh Mahla Rafsanjani FeizabadUsing multimedia audio-visual aids stimulates thinking and improves learning environment in a classroom and they can be a helpful tool in the language classroom (Mannan, 2005). The present study made an effort to investigate the effect of using multimedia visual aids on MoreUsing multimedia audio-visual aids stimulates thinking and improves learning environment in a classroom and they can be a helpful tool in the language classroom (Mannan, 2005). The present study made an effort to investigate the effect of using multimedia visual aids on the learners’ oral (speaking) skill. This study is an experimental research and two groups of learners in a language institute were chosen to participate in the experiment. The participants of the study were made up of 68 advanced EFL learners in a language institute in Mashhad. To homogenize the study subjects to select an appropriate sample, a placement test was administered, and 60 students were selected. Then, they were randomly classified into two groups, i.e., control and experimental groups (30 Ss in each group). The participants of the experimental group were exposed to the multimedia visual aids in their classes, while the EFL students of the control group were instructed through the conventional teaching method and using ordinary material. The results indicated that the use of multi-media visual aids could positively impact the Iranian EFL learner's' speaking ability. Findings of this study have numerous implications for language teachers, practitioners and administrators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
439 - Reaction Time in Phoneme Recognition: A Comparative Study among Iranian Upper-Intermediate vs. Advanced EFL Learners at Institute Level
Mozhgan Fallah Ramin Rahimy -
Open Access Article
440 - Uncertain Fuzzy Time Series: Technical and Mathematical Review
Aref Safari -
Open Access Article
441 - Ensemble Learning Improvement through Reinforcement Learning Idea
Mohammad Savargiv Behrooz Masoumi Mohammadreza Keyvanpor -
Open Access Article
442 - A Way to Reduce Effects of Packet Loss in Video Streaming Using Multiple Description Coding
Mahboobe Shabanyan Ehsan Akhtarkavan -
Open Access Article
443 - Increasing Lifetime Using Whale Optimization Routing Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks
Hassan Nouri Esmaeil Zeinali -
Open Access Article
444 - A Novel Approach to Background Subtraction Using Visual Saliency Map
Soheil Tehranipour Hamidreza Rashidy Kanan -
Open Access Article
445 - A Supervised Method for Constructing Sentiment Lexicon in Persian Language
Faranak Ebrahimi Rashed Neda Abdolvand -
Open Access Article
446 - Use of the Improved Frog-Leaping Algorithm in Data Clustering
Sahifeh Poor Ramezani Kalashami Seyyed Javad Seyyed Mahdavi Chabok -
Open Access Article
447 - Sales Budget Forecasting and Revision by Adaptive Network Fuzzy Base Inference System and Optimization Methods
Kaban Koochakpour Mohammad Jafar Tarokh -
Open Access Article
448 - A Method to Reduce Effects of Packet Loss in Video Streaming Using Multiple Description Coding
Mahboobe Shabaniyan Ehsan Akhtarkavan -
Open Access Article
449 - Cluster-head Election in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Fuzzy Logic
Hamid Reza Bakhshi Maryam Benabbas -
Open Access Article
450 - Improving Energy-Efficient Target Coverage in Visual Sensor Networks
Behrooz Shahrokhzadeh Mehdi Dehghan MohammadReza Shahrokhzadeh -
Open Access Article
451 - Quality of Service Improvement for Voice Streaming over Wireless Ad-hoc Networks using an Adaptive Playout Adjustment Algorithm
Maral Salehi Mehdi Dehghan -
Open Access Article
452 - Switching H2/H∞ Controller Design for Linear Singular Perturbation Systems
Ahmad Fakharian -
Open Access Article
453 - Time-based costing in healthcare: A systematic review of research
Mohammad Mirmohammadi Sadrabadi Zahra Bahonar Hamed ShakerianHealth organizations around the world invest heavily in value-based healthcare, and time-based activity-based costing is part of cost-based value-based healthcare that is able to solve cost issues, Has been raised. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of tim MoreHealth organizations around the world invest heavily in value-based healthcare, and time-based activity-based costing is part of cost-based value-based healthcare that is able to solve cost issues, Has been raised. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of time-based costing in the healthcare sector, how it is applied as a seven-step approach specifically designed for value-based healthcare and the cost-benefit implications Finding based on time-oriented activity in the future. This is a systematic study based on a systematic review statement. Qualitative methods for data analysis were used through content analysis. Time-based costing is applicable in the healthcare sector and can help cost effective processes, thus addressing the key challenge associated with current cost accounting methods. The ability of this method to inform payment and reimbursement systems and coordination in providing continuity of care is still to be proven in the published research, and the role of cost-based time-based activity in this cost-accounting perspective is still under way. Time-based activity-based costing should be gradually added to functional systems based on the recommendations contained in this review. In this way, time-based activity-based costing will be able to record in a better and accurate manner the cost of providing care in a situation and to control costs in an effort to create value in health care. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
454 - Presenting a goal programming model in Time-Cost-Quality trade-off problem in project management
Nima Hamta Mohammad Ehsanifar Javad SarikhaniThe time, cost and quality are important goals of each project, which project managers in order, to be succeed in the projects, always are looking for completion of them in the shortest possible time, with the lowest cost and highest quality. One of the main challenges MoreThe time, cost and quality are important goals of each project, which project managers in order, to be succeed in the projects, always are looking for completion of them in the shortest possible time, with the lowest cost and highest quality. One of the main challenges in this case is choosing the right approach to achieve these goals. The most common approaches in this case, are using the balance technique. In fact, using this technique can be the most optimal mode of project implementation activities that the lowest and highest quality at the lowest cost, time has obtained. In this paper, we tried to develop a goal-programming model to find suitable responses for managing the cost, time and quality of the project. In order to test this model, a case study was accomplished in the projects implemented at Company Machine Sazi Arak. Computational results show the applicability and usefulness of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
455 - Tail risk on stock market: The role of market sentiment
Azad Asadi mohsen Hashemi Gohar Roya Darabi Shadi ShahverdianiOne of the determinants of companies' stock returns is knowing the level of risk of companies. Existing risks play an important role in investors' financial decisions in terms of influencing market sentiments by influencing the company's profitability and returns. The i MoreOne of the determinants of companies' stock returns is knowing the level of risk of companies. Existing risks play an important role in investors' financial decisions in terms of influencing market sentiments by influencing the company's profitability and returns. The importance of this research is that it shows students, professors, investors, company managers and capital market legislators what is the role of the factor of investors' emotional tendency in stock valuation.This study examines co-morbid risk variables when we use multiple regression to predict the risk return of severe events that change over time at different points in the stock return distribution. We find evidence that there is a strong predictive power in the lower echelons to predict a maximum of one year horizons. Our research results show that in higher quantities there is no relationship between comet risk and stock market surplus returns. In general, the evidence obtained explains the mere large, unusually large stocks observed during periods of sharp stock price falls that are pessimistic market sentiment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
456 - Investigating and Testing the Herding Behaviour of Investors in Stock Exchange
Rahele Yousefi Abolfazl ShahrabadiHerding behavior is considered as one of the behavioral approaches between investors and an important element in financial markets. Sometimes, this element causes agitation in circumstances where information is spread. A crucial problem in this regard is distinguishing MoreHerding behavior is considered as one of the behavioral approaches between investors and an important element in financial markets. Sometimes, this element causes agitation in circumstances where information is spread. A crucial problem in this regard is distinguishing between artificial and thoughtful herds, because thoughtful herding may be inefficient and it may eventually result in fluctuation in markets. In this research, we examined and tested the herding behavior between investors in Tehran Security Exchange using Salmon and Huang’s model. In order to calculate the required variables of model, the moving window technique was utilized and the window size was set as 24 months. In other words, by applying the information of the last 24 months, Excel Software calculated monthly market yields as well as monthly yield of each share and the required variables. After substituting the obtained values for the variables in standardized formula HS, we calculated and analyzed the herding amounts for each months of 1382-86 interval .The findings depicted a clear herding pattern for the time interval under study and hence, confirmed the corresponding theory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
457 - A New Model for the Selection of Parent Strategy in Multi Business Companies (By a Case Study)
sadegh abedi reza radfar"Parents (mother) strategy", i.e. the strategy used in multi-level enterprises, has recently grown as one of the main subjects of study in strategic planning field. Since the multi level enterprises have different sub enterprises (affiliates) dealing with diverse busine More"Parents (mother) strategy", i.e. the strategy used in multi-level enterprises, has recently grown as one of the main subjects of study in strategic planning field. Since the multi level enterprises have different sub enterprises (affiliates) dealing with diverse businesses in different environments, we cannot define the same strategic approach for all of them. Evidence shows that the number of multi level enterprises is continuously on increase. More than 200000 multi level enterprises with multi business were working in 2000. The figure is estimated to reach 500000 by 2005. Therefore; the main challenge is to develop an approach for determining the quality of management and interactions with the affiliated firms. We will analyze strategy in mother enterprises' level in terms of business units' performances versus organizations' life. This paper will thoroughly describe the proposed model by drawing on a case study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
458 - Scheduling of a flexible flow shop with multiprocessor task by a hybrid approach based on genetic and imperialist competitive algorithms
Javad Rezaeian Hany Seidgar Morteza Kiani -
Open Access Article
459 - A Hybrid Method Based on Fuzzy AHP and VIKOR for the Discrete Time-Cost-Quality Trade-off Problem
alireza eydi Hiva Farughi farid abdi -
Open Access Article
460 - Development of a novel lot sizing model with variable lead time in supply chain environment
Jitendra Kumar Nirjhar Roy Ali Mostafaeipour Mojtaba Qolipour -
Open Access Article
461 - The Bi-Objective Location-Routing Problem based on Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery with Soft Time Window
Elham Jelodari Mamaghani Mostafa Setak -
Open Access Article
462 - An Efficient Bi-objective Genetic Algorithm for the Single Batch-Processing Machine Scheduling Problem with Sequence Dependent Family Setup Time and Non-identical Job Sizes
Javad Rezaeian Yaser Zarook -
Open Access Article
463 - A Bi-Objective Airport Gate Scheduling with Controllable Processing Times Using Harmony Search and NSGA-II Algorithms
Morteza khakzar Bafruei Sananz khatibi Morteza Rahmani -
Open Access Article
464 - A Multi-Objective Mixed-Model Assembly Line Sequencing Problem With Stochastic Operation Time
Parviz Fattahi Arezoo Askari -
Open Access Article
465 - Optimizing a Fuzzy Green p-hub Centre Problem Using Opposition Biogeography Based Optimization
Marzieh Karimi Seyed Hamid Reza Pasandideh -
Open Access Article
466 - Three Approaches to Time Series Forecasting of Petroleum Demand in OECD Countries
Majid Khedmati Babak Ghalebsaz-Jeddi -
Open Access Article
467 - The Preemptive Just-in-time Scheduling Problem in a Flow Shop Scheduling System
Javad Rezaeian Sadegh Hosseini-Kia Iraj Mahdavi -
Open Access Article
468 - Analysing Price, Quality and Lead Time Decisions with the Hybrid Solution Method of Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithm
amin mahmoudi hassan shavandi khashayar nouhi -
Open Access Article
469 - Application of Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) for Efficient and Cost-effective Manufacturing: A Case Study at Bahir Dar Textile Share Company, Ethiopia
Tsehaye Beyene Sisay Gebeyehu -
Open Access Article
470 - A New Mathematical Model for the Green Vehicle Routing Problem by Considering a Bi-Fuel Mixed Vehicle Fleet
Neda Manavizadeh Hamed Farrokhi-Asl Stanley Frederick W.T. Lim -
Open Access Article
471 - A Hybrid Unconscious Search Algorithm for Mixed-model Assembly Line Balancing Problem with SDST, Parallel Workstation and Learning Effect
Moein Asadi-Zonouz Majid Khalili Hamed Tayebi -
Open Access Article
472 - A New Techno-Economic Real-Time Total Process Performance Indicator
Mohamed Hassan Islam Emara -
Open Access Article
473 - Modelling Malaysia stock markets using GARCH, EGARCH and copula models
Nurul Hanis Aminuddin Jafry Ruzanna Razak Noriszura Ismail -
Open Access Article
474 - A model for determining optimum process mean in the presence of inspection errors by considering the cycle time
mohammad saber fallah nezhad somayyeh ayeen -
Open Access Article
475 - Building a Multi-Objective Model for Multi-Product Multi-Period Production Planning with Controllable Processing Times: A Real Case Problem
Mir Bahadorgholi Aryanezhad Mehdi Karimi-Nasab Seyed Mohammad Taghi Fatemi Ghomi -
Open Access Article
476 - Sequencing Mixed Model Assembly Line Problem to Minimize Line Stoppages Cost by a Modified Simulated Annealing Algorithm Based on Cloud Theory
Zaman Zamami Amlashi Mostafa Zandieh -
Open Access Article
477 - A Multi Objective Fibonacci Search Based Algorithm for Resource Allocation in PERT Networks
Behrouz Afshar Nadjafi Salman Kolyaei -
Open Access Article
478 - A Simulation Model for Optimization of the Internal Handling Fleet Size at Shahid Rajaee Container Port Based on Performance Evaluation
Parham Azimi Mohammad Reza Ghanbari -
Open Access Article
479 - Meta heuristic for Minimizing Makespan in a Flow-line Manufacturing Cell with Sequence Dependent Family Setup Times
Behzad Nikjo Javad Rezaeian -
Open Access Article
480 - An Iterated Greedy Algorithm for Flexible Flow Lines with Sequence Dependent Setup Times to Minimize Total Weighted Completion Time
Bahman Naderi mostafa Zandieh Seyed Mohammad Taghi Fatemi Ghomi -
Open Access Article
481 - A Multi-Periodic Multi-Product Inventory Control Problem with Discount: GA Optimization Algorithm
Seyed Mohsen Mousavi Seyed Hamidreza Pasandideh -
Open Access Article
482 - Design of H� Congestion Controller for TCP Networks Based on LMI Formulation
Ahmad Fakharian Amir Abbasi -
Open Access Article
483 - A Multi-Mode Resource-Constrained Optimization of Time-Cost Trade-off Problems in Project Scheduling Using a Genetic Algorithm
Sedigheh Nader Abadi Emad Roghanian Hadi Aghassi -
Open Access Article
484 - A Memetic Algorithm for Hybrid Flowshops with Flexible Machine Availability Constraints
Fariborz Jolai mostafa zandieh Bahman Naderi -
Open Access Article
485 - A Comparison of NSGA II and MOSA for Solving Multi-depots Time-dependent Vehicle Routing Problem with Heterogeneous Fleet
Behrouz Afshar-nadjafi Arian Razmi-farooji -
Open Access Article
486 - Time Prediction Using a Neuro-Fuzzy Model for Projects in the Construction Industry
Behnam Vahdani Seyed Meysam Mousavi Morteza Mousakhani Hassan Hashemi -
Open Access Article
487 - Population Spatial Mobility: Monitoring, Methodology of Formation, Features of Regulation
Mariana Bil Inna Irtyshcheva Nazariy Popadynets Dmytro Voit -
Open Access Article
488 - Evaluation of the Collapse Fragility Curve of the Moment Resisting Steel Frames with Rigid and Semi-rigid Connections under Near-Field Earthquake Records
Arash Amiri Allahdehi Ali Anvarsamarin -
Open Access Article
489 - Performance of Mid-rise Buildings with Tubular Structure Under the Effect of Near Field Earthquakes
Hooman Mazlooma Maryam Firoozi Nezamabadi -
Open Access Article
490 - A methodology for Determining the Seismic Vulnerability of Old Concrete Highway Bridges by Using Fragility Curves
Araliya Mosleh jose jara Humberto Varum -
Open Access Article
491 - Probabilistic Evaluation of Seismic Performance of RC Bridges in Iran
Mehran Seyed Razzaghi M. Safarkhanlou -
Open Access Article
492 - Investigative and Comparative Approach for Worldwide Information and local perceptions Induced by Climate Change and its Correspondence
Abbas ali Tayefi Nasrabadi Atefeh Dehghan Touranposhti -
Open Access Article
493 - Presentation of Empirical Relation for the Fundamental Period of Irregular Steel Frames with EBF Steel Braces
F. Omidinasab S. Baharipour -
Open Access Article
494 - The Effect of Compressive Strength Reduction of Column Section Expose due to Freezing-Thawing Cycles on the Seismic Performance of Bridges
Saeideh Alsadat Mousavi Mehran Seyed Razzaghi -
Open Access Article
495 - A Search for Aspects of Concept of Rhythm and Their Manifestation in Architecture (Case study: Tazkieh (2) Girls' Educational Complex)
Zahra Azami Hamid Nadimi Shadi AziziRhythm generally is the repetition of patterns regularly occurring in the phenomena and processes. This concept is understood well in music. The regular succession, tempo, repetition, and harmony are the familiar words that have always been heard. However, rhythm is bey MoreRhythm generally is the repetition of patterns regularly occurring in the phenomena and processes. This concept is understood well in music. The regular succession, tempo, repetition, and harmony are the familiar words that have always been heard. However, rhythm is beyond its audio or visual representations, and it has been studied in philosophy, art, sociology, psychology, human and urban geography, urban design, and architecture, showing its polymorphic nature. Explaining a cohesive framework of the aspects that implies the rhythm and provides new interpretations of rhythm are the focus of the current study. Therefore, the present research aims to answer the following questions: A) What are the aspects of rhythm? and B) How are they manifested in the architecture?In reviewing the literature, a chronological view has been adopted to determine the change in the concept of rhythm by experts in various scientific fields until the beginning of a new era of scientific research by Henry Lefebvre. Among the many experts who have conducted researched on the concept of rhythm and its characteristics, the views of four scholars were selected for formulating the theoretical framework. Those experts include Henry Lefebvre, Irwin Altman, Carol M.Werner, and Mattias Kärrholm. The reason for selecting these experts was that they had an interdisciplinary view in studying rhythm and also their fields of studies are related to architecture, culture and build environment. The aspects of rhythm were extracted and classified from these experts’ opinions.The research method was qualitative based on the logical reasoning approach. Data were collected through participant observation and semi-structured interviews with various school users. The research participants were ten permanent staff of the school (as the representative of the different groups of the school users) selected using the purposive sampling method and theoretical saturation criteria. These participants were: manager, human resource manager, staff of the human resource, manager of the cultural affairs, the executive deputy and support, library manager, the authority of the twelfth grade, photography teacher, service sector staff, eleventh-grade student. Analyzing the text of the interviews was done in three steps of Strauss and Corbin’s systematic coding process (open coding, axial coding, and selective coding) using Maxquda 2020, a qualitative statistical analysis software, to extract the activities and repetitive events of the users in the school.Results showed that intrinsic feature of rhythm is spiraling movement, manifested in the form of aspects of succession (accepting change over time), duration (continuation in time), speed (slow and fast), temporal salience (existing of qualitative and distinct moments), synchronization (Simulating the behaviors and movements of the people in social links). The movement concept can be seen in all aspects of rhythm. In Tazkieh school (Tehran City, Iran), Succession is understood by moving through stairs and different spaces in each floor, and also objective of sun movement during the day. However, daylight in school interiors does not have much effect due to the use of thick curtains to solve the problem of hijab. Succession in relation to erosion of surfaces in any building is a gradual change, indicating movement. This succession occurs in all buildings and its speed is inversely related to the quality of materials and their durability. Users' spatial experiences of daily activities and events in the school, religious, and national annual calendar indicate socio-cultural dimension of duration. Physical manifestation of this aspect of duration is in architectural elements, such as decorations, symbols, and architectural style. The instance of speed is defined by activity types occurring in a place and varies time to time. Mental perception of time is related to the rapid or slow occurrence of activities and experiences in a place that are changing over time. Each place, depending on its function, is host to certain activities that are regularly repeated. The example of a place with different speeds is obvious in the School. For example, the speed of classrooms is adjusted and changed by a mechanical clock between a quiet place during teaching and a fast place during break time and art workshops. The lived experiences and memories of school users of activities, events, and their locations in the school emphasize the temporal salience. Teaching behaviors and their repetition by students in social connections, such as events and ceremonies, is a clear example of synchronization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
496 - Comparing the effectiveness of time management and behavior management skills training on reducing academic procrastination in Ahvaz Payam Noor University Students
Abbas Anasspoure Noorali Fharokho Ali Delavar Karim SevariIn the present study, the effectiveness of time management and behavior management skills training on reducing academic procrastination was evaluated and compared. The experimental design of the study is pre-test post-test with control group. Data analysis was performed MoreIn the present study, the effectiveness of time management and behavior management skills training on reducing academic procrastination was evaluated and compared. The experimental design of the study is pre-test post-test with control group. Data analysis was performed by repeated measures ANOVA. Students of Payam Noor University of Ahwaz formed the statistical population of the study. In order to identify the amount of academic procrastination in the mentioned students, 1,200 people were voluntarily selected and after preliminary analysis of the data, 207 of them were identified as student procrastinator students. Then, 106 subjects were selected by stratified random sampling and divided into four groups (two experimental and two control groups) and one experimental group exposed to ten time management skills training sessions and the other group to ten training sessions. The control groups did not receive any intervention. Sevari academic procrastination Scale (2011) was used to collect data. The results showed that time management and behavior management skills training were effective in reducing academic procrastination in the studied students. The results also indicated that both educational skills were equally effective in reducing academic procrastination and were not superior to one another. The results of the follow up phase of the educational interventions showed that time management and behavior management skills also had a significant effect on reducing academic procrastination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
497 - The Effectiveness of Games based on Neurocognitive Executive Actions on the Skill of Understanding Time and Working Memory of Children with Reading Disorders
Atousa Masoudi Fatemeh Noora Ashrafi Tahmineh Hoseyni Hamideh Majidinia The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of games based on cognitive executive actions on time perception skills and working memory of children with reading disorders. This research was conducted with a semi-experimental metho More The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of games based on cognitive executive actions on time perception skills and working memory of children with reading disorders. This research was conducted with a semi-experimental method and with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all children with reading disorders in learning disorder centers in Tehran in the academic year of 1401. The sampling method in this research was available and with this method, 30 children with reading disorders who had a higher cut-off in the reading disorder test were selected and divided into two equal groups (15 people) and control (15 people) were randomly assigned. The research tools included the reading disorder diagnosis screening test (Shafiei et al., 2017), the computerized time reproduction test, and the Cornoldian working memory test (CWMT). The findings were analyzed using covariance analysis and the results showed the games based on neurological executive actions improved the time perception skills and working memory of the experimental group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
498 - The impact of multimedia teaching assistant dictated on visual memory improvement and self-education of students with disabilities learn spelling in second grade of school of welfare Shabestar city
Nasim Faraji Parviz Karimi SaniThe aim of this study was to dictate sweetheart multimedia production and its effectiveness in improving auditory and visual memory problems and learning disabilities were spelled students' academic self-efficacy. The research design was quasi-experimental and two group MoreThe aim of this study was to dictate sweetheart multimedia production and its effectiveness in improving auditory and visual memory problems and learning disabilities were spelled students' academic self-efficacy. The research design was quasi-experimental and two group pre-test and post-test. The population consisted of students with disabilities in learning second grade elementary school was well Shabestar`s in the academic year 94-95. The sample consisted of 16 subjects who were randomly of these, 8 patients in the experimental group and 8 patients in the control group. 15 sessions with multimedia dictate the experimental group and the control group with conventional methods were trained assistant. The students at the center of the test to detect learning disabilities visual memory, auditory memory test and spelling test was used. Spelling test data collection, to determine the normal distribution of data Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results showed that students who dictated multimedia companion, that the students were trained in the conventional trained significantly greater improvement in visual memory problems as well as their academic self-efficacy. So dictated multimedia companion improve auditory (P<0/01) and visual memory (P<0/01) problems and learning disabilities students' academic self-efficacy (P<0/01) spell is effective. It is suggested multimedia spelling dictation assistant in the education of students with disabilities in learning, and for other types of learning disabilities, educational multimedia production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
499 - Comparison of Learning Styles, Study Styles and Time Management in Gifted and Non-Gifted Students
Abdollah Moatamedy Soghra Ebrahimi Qavam Yousef Aazami Hamed Chopan Yoones DostianThis study compared the learning styles, study styles and time management in gifted and non-gifted students. This research is descriptive-comparison. Simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 100 students from gifted and non-gifted Kurdistan University are e MoreThis study compared the learning styles, study styles and time management in gifted and non-gifted students. This research is descriptive-comparison. Simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 100 students from gifted and non-gifted Kurdistan University are eligible for this research were randomly selected. For data gathering, Vermont and Van Ryjsvyk Learning style questionnaire (ILS), a Marton and Sljv study approaches questionnaire and, Bryton and Tesr management time inventory and demographic characteristics questionnaire was used. For data analysis using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistical methodsere used. Results: showed that between gifted and non-gifted students learning styles and study styles there was significant difference, but the two groups were not significantly different in terms of efficient use of time. It is a time management workshops and teaching effective learning and study strategies by educational and counseling services to students by the university authorities to take action to occur. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
500 - The effect of time management training on test anxiety and isolation among high school girl students in Yasuj city
Khosro Ramezani Shahin YazdanPanahThe aim of present study was to examine the effect of time management training on test anxiety and isolation among high school girls' students in Yasuj city. This study has been conducted on the basis of experiment through a pretest-posttest plan and a control group. Th MoreThe aim of present study was to examine the effect of time management training on test anxiety and isolation among high school girls' students in Yasuj city. This study has been conducted on the basis of experiment through a pretest-posttest plan and a control group. The research population included all high school girls' students in Yasuj (3017 students). Sixty of research population had been randomly chosen based on their ranking after the implementation of the questionnaires namely: Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and Inventory of Woodworth Personal Data Sheet. They were randomly assigned to an experimental (n=30) and a control groups (n=30). The experimental group received time management training for 10 sessions, but the control group did not receive any intervention. After the sessions, the students were given posttest questionnaires and the data have been analyzed using covariance analysis method. Findings showed that time management training leads to reducing students' test anxiety and isolation. Overall, results of this study showed the efficacy of time management training in reducing students' test anxiety and isolation, among high school girl students in Yasuj city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
501 - The prediction of Marital Satisfaction based on Time Perspective, Inferiority Feelings, Sexual Anxiety in women with uterine diseases
Somaye Samadi Reza IlbeigyThis study aimed To investigate the prediction of Marital Satisfaction based on Time Perspective, Inferiority Feelings, Sexual Anxiety in women with uterine diseases. The descriptive- correlation method was used. The statistical population consisted of all the married f MoreThis study aimed To investigate the prediction of Marital Satisfaction based on Time Perspective, Inferiority Feelings, Sexual Anxiety in women with uterine diseases. The descriptive- correlation method was used. The statistical population consisted of all the married female with uterine diseases in Mashhad in spring of 2022. In this study, according to convenience sampling method, 223 married women with uterine diseases were selected as samples and they were asked to fill in the Time Perspective Inventory of Zimbardo (1999), feeling of inferiority scale of Dixon & strano (1990), Sexual self-concept of Snell (1995) and marital satisfaction scale Enrich of Olson, Fournier & Druckman (1987). The data were analyzed by tests of Pearson correlation and stepwise regression. SPSS-23 software was used for data analysis. Findings showed that there was a negative significant correlation between Inferiority Feelings, Sexual Anxiety and Marital satisfaction also there was positive significant correlation between Past negative and Present fatalistic with Marital satisfaction, in women with uterine diseases. Regression analyses also revealed that %40/4 of variance of Marital Satisfaction was explained by Inferiority Feelings, Sexual Anxiety and Past negative (p< 0.01). Considering the effect of life experiences and physical and mental illnesses on marital satisfaction, it is suggested to pay attention to this important issue in developing couple therapy programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
502 - Study of the Effect Harvest Time on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Corn (Zea mays L) Forage
A. Ghanbari A. Ahmadian B. Mir E. ArazmjoTo study the effects of harvest time on quantity and quality of corn forage, this research was conducted ot University of Zabol in 2005. Experiment carried out in randomized complete block design with four replications and three different harvest times at tassel emergen MoreTo study the effects of harvest time on quantity and quality of corn forage, this research was conducted ot University of Zabol in 2005. Experiment carried out in randomized complete block design with four replications and three different harvest times at tassel emergence (H1), milked stage (H2) and dough stage (H3). Result of statistical analysis showed that effect of harvest time on traits like plant height, weight of leaves, stem, ear, dry matter and dry matter yield per hectare were significant. Highest plant, ear weight and dry matter achived from H3 treatment harvest at dough stage. Highest leaf weight, stem and number of leaves achieved from H1 treatment harvest at milk stage. Delayed harvest changed quality of corn forage; and resulted in increases in dry matter, fatty percentage, ADF, ADL and NDF. Highest carbohydrate content obtained in H2 treatment harvest dough stage and then decreased drastically. Concentrations of most nutrients content of the forage at different harvest times were not affected. Ash and crude protein content of forage did not change after H1 treatment. According to the results of this research, in can be concluded that harvesting the forage at mike stage increases both quality and quantity of corn forage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
503 - Investigating of the Ability of some Cover Crops to Weeds Control
Leyli Nabati Souha Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim Fatemeh Ahmadnia Majid Rostami YangjehTo investigate the effect of some cover crops incontroling weed, two experiments were conducted during the fall of 2018 at Namin in Ardabil province both with three replications.The first experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design using four speacies MoreTo investigate the effect of some cover crops incontroling weed, two experiments were conducted during the fall of 2018 at Namin in Ardabil province both with three replications.The first experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design using four speacies of winter cover crops consisting of Rye (Secale cereal L.), Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), Chickling pea (Lathyrus sativa L.) and Hungarian vetch (Vicia panonica L.). The second experiment was conducted in a factorial design, based on randomized complete blocks with two sampling times: (before the end of cover crops growth (when the cover crops were green) and 40 days after the end of cover crops growth (when the cover crops were not green). The results showed that the highest total weed density was related to Hairy vetch and Chickling pea treatments (30.5 and 27 plant per square meter, respectively) and lowest weed density to Rye and Hungarian vetch treatments (17.5 and 22 plant per square meter) respectively. The results also showed that the highest total weed density was recooded from the second sampling time (30.33 plant per square meter) and the lowest total weed density (18.16 plant per square meter) was obtained from the first time of sampling. The highest levels of Shannon-Wiener and Simpson indices were related to the clusters of Hairy vetch, Chickling pea and Hungarian vetch. Rye and Hungarian vetch cover crops, and the first sampling time (presence of green cover crops) were the most suitable types of cover crops and sampling times to reduce weed density. It can be inferred that there is a parallel relationship between plant biomass (establishment, overwintering and regrowth of cover crops) and weed density and dry biomass. Thus, with increasing biomass of cover crops, the density and biomass of weeds would decrease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
504 - Efficiency of GGE Biplot and AMMI Analyses for Adaptability and Grain Yield Stability of Durum Wheat Lines under Different Environments
Behzad Sadeghzadeh Reza Mohammadi Hasan Ahmadi Gholamreza Abedi-asl Gholamreza Khalilzadeh Mahnaz Mohammadfam Nozar Bahrami Hasan Ismaeilzad Mohammad-Sharif Khaledian Maghsoud Hasanpour-hosniGenotype × environment interactions make it difficult to release high yielding durum varieties for diverse environmental conditions. The main purpose of this study was to achieve high yielding durum wheat genotypes with higher yield stability in different environm MoreGenotype × environment interactions make it difficult to release high yielding durum varieties for diverse environmental conditions. The main purpose of this study was to achieve high yielding durum wheat genotypes with higher yield stability in different environmental conditions, tolerance to environmental stresses such as cold damage, terminal drought, and heat stresses. Hence, 16 durum wheat lines were evaluated for grain yield stability and morphological traits in Maragheh, Sararood, Qamloo, Ardabil and Urmia Agricultural Research Stations in 2012-15. In each location, the experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Based on combined ANOVA, there were significant differences among the environments (E), genotypes (G) and G×E. GGE-biplot analysis showed that the 14 environments belonged to 3 mega-environments, and different genotypes had higher yield in each mega-environments. The AMMI and GGE results also confirmed that genotypes 2 (G-1252) and 3 (61-130/414-44//…) were the most high-yielding durum lines with reasonable yield stability across environments. Also, genotype 10 was the most adapted genotype to Ardabil. Line 61-130/414-44//… had 60, 11, 31, 10 and 17% more yield than check line (Saji) in Maragheh, Sararood, Qamloo, Ardabil and Urmia under rainfed conditions, respectively. Hence, these lines can be candiates to release as new durum varieties for cold and moderate rainfed areas. Complementary irrigation could increase grain yield up to 14 and 68% in Maragheh and Sararood, respectively. It can be concluded that finding new stable high-yielding durum lines, with better performances, as compared to the existed varieties, is a great progress in durum breeding programs in cold rainfed areas. Moreover, the GGE biplot and AMMI analysis had good performance in adaptability and yield stability analysis in durum genotypes and could be used to evaluate durum genotypes at different locations over the years in durum breeding programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
505 - Social participation and cultural factors affecting it (studied: Javanroud and Ravansar counties)
Shahram Fazeli Abdulreza Adhami Feyzollah NoroziThis research aims to study the level of social participation and cultural factors affecting it in the less developed counties of Javanroud and Ravansar of Kermanshah province from a sociological perspective. The research method is a (quantitative) survey and a question MoreThis research aims to study the level of social participation and cultural factors affecting it in the less developed counties of Javanroud and Ravansar of Kermanshah province from a sociological perspective. The research method is a (quantitative) survey and a questionnaire tool is used to collect data. The statistical population of this research is all citizens over 18 years of age living in the counties of Javanroud and Ravansar. The sample size of this research was 384 people who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The findings of the research indicate the average level of social participation in the counties of Javanroud and Ravansar, and there is a significant relationship between the independent variables (giving little importance to the time factor and the low level of aspirations and desires) with the dependent variable (social participation). The results of the regression analysis showed that the independent variables explain 12.7 of the changes in the dependent variable, and among the factors affecting social participation, the variables of low level of aspirations and desires and giving less importance to the time factor are respectively more have had the most impact Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
506 - The assessment of the social factors associated with social health of families in Tabriz
Samad Sabbagh Narmineh Moinian Sara SabbaghOne of the key goals of health system in each country is to maintain and improve the health and quality of life for all people in the community. To do this, providing the appropriate facilities for meeting the physical, mental, social health needs of human life at all s MoreOne of the key goals of health system in each country is to maintain and improve the health and quality of life for all people in the community. To do this, providing the appropriate facilities for meeting the physical, mental, social health needs of human life at all stages is considered as the basic rights. Health is not just a biological subject, but social factors are also involved in determining the health status of the people. Many factors contribute to this situation such as social confidence, leisure time, feeling of hopelessness, religious beliefs and socio-economic status of individuals. Method of study is Survey and technique for collecting data was standardized questionnaire. Statistical Population includes Tabriz households who were 428,009. According to the formula for determining the sample size, 326 households were selected for Tabriz city. Sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling method. The overall aim of this study was to determine the social factors associated with social health in Tabriz families. Results of this study show that there is a significant relationship between social health of Tabriz households and the mentioned variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
507 - The study of the relationship between women’s employment and their social health in Maragheh
Elham Masti Sirous FakhrayiThe purpose of this research is to study the relationship between women’s employment and social health in Maragheh. This research is practical and the research method is descriptive and of correlation type, and in terms of collecting data is a survey. The theoreti MoreThe purpose of this research is to study the relationship between women’s employment and social health in Maragheh. This research is practical and the research method is descriptive and of correlation type, and in terms of collecting data is a survey. The theoretical framework of research included the theory of Kinez and the negative and positive approach of the relationship between the employment and social health (division of homework, multiple role, social solidarity, social acceptance, social partnership, social adaptation and social development). The statistical sample is all women over 25 years (40642) and according to Cochran formula for unlimited society, the sample size estimated 380 women using multistage cluster and simple random sampling method. In order to collect the data standard questionnaire (Kinez social health) and a researcher-made questionnaire were used. The Cronbakh Alpha coefficient was obtained 0.942 which represented of question’s stability.The descriptive statistics (frequency, percent, average, standard deviation …) was used for summarizing data, and the inferential statistics was used for studying the relations among variables (the independent T test, Pearson correlation, and T test and variance analysis). The results showed that, there is a significant relationship between women’s employment and social health, in addition social health among employed women were more than housekeepers and the highest level of social health were among official and part-time employed people. In other words, job conditions had the most influence on social health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
508 - Anthropological Identification of the Theater Audiences with an Attitude to Understand the Cultural Demands (A Case Study of Shahr Theater (City Theater) and Talare Vahdat (Unity Hall)) Sharareh Jalali
Sharareh Jalali Farahani Jalaladin Rafifar Alireza KaldiIn the present research, we have neither been pursuing to have apathological study of the audience crises not to search for approaches toabsorb audiences in theater but through an anthropological attitude andusing the components of this field , it has tried to put forth MoreIn the present research, we have neither been pursuing to have apathological study of the audience crises not to search for approaches toabsorb audiences in theater but through an anthropological attitude andusing the components of this field , it has tried to put forth interlinkedquestions to gain a relative understanding of the people who form theaudience population of the theater at present time, those who refer to the"Theater Shahr" (City Theater) and "TalarVahdat" (Unity Hall) as the twomain poles of theater nationwide. On this basis, 70 people have beenchosen randomly out of the audiences with regard to their age and genderand have been interviewed with each of them for about 40 to 50 minutes.The research methodology was qualitative and the instrument was thesemi-structured interview. After summing up the interviews andclassifying the motifs, the data were interpreted. The results show that,the most of the audiences see theater merely for filling their leisure timerather than cultural demands. If they were not restricted economically,then they would have preferred trip or other recreations. The intervieweescited a total of ten reasons for going to the theater, the most important ofwhich was "purely for leisure". Theater audiences have similar tastes andconsequently the same cultural preferences. Over 40% of the concernedstatistical population have a high rate of objectified cultural capital andsuffer from poverty in the embodied cultural capital. Despite to thementality ruling over the atmosphere of the theater, more than 60% of theaudiences are comprised of the graduates or students of fields of studyapart from art. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
509 - Conditions of time and place on execution of the punishment of punishment
Mina Akbariasl Mortaza RahimiTemporal and spatial conditions in various ways, such as changing the subject matter of a sentence or its criterion, etc., affect Islamic precepts and occasionally bring about changes that we have examined in these contexts in the present study. The most important purpo MoreTemporal and spatial conditions in various ways, such as changing the subject matter of a sentence or its criterion, etc., affect Islamic precepts and occasionally bring about changes that we have examined in these contexts in the present study. The most important purposes of punishment, including in Islam, are the correction of offenders, so it seems that the form of punishment is not subjective, but rather the result, the correction. One of the important issues facing the implementation of some of the punishments that can be considered as part of the present conditions is the issue of human rights, according to which some of the scope of the punishments are violent, inhumane and in violation of human rights regulations; According to Imamiyyah jurisprudents, it is in the interest of preserving the religion and the Islamic system that it is important and preferable to other interests and necessities, and according to the jurisprudence of the jurisprudence, it is expedient, but jurisprudence. According to these theories and related to some principles of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, if the implementation of certain limits Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
510 - اثربخشی گنجاندن بازخوردهای اصلاحی فوری و طرح نو (مجدد) در آموزش زبان مبتنی بر وظیفه (task-based) بر دانش گرامری زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی
نورالدین یوسفی وحید محمدیاین مطالعه تلاشی برای بررسی تأثیر دو نوع بازخورد اصلاحی فوری و طرح نو (با تاخیر) بر توسعه دانش زمان (ساختار) گذشته زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی سطح پیش از متوسط بود. در این مطالعه از طرح نیمه تجربی شامل پیش آزمون، تجربه، پس آزمون فوری و پس آزمون با طرح مجدد استفاده ش Moreاین مطالعه تلاشی برای بررسی تأثیر دو نوع بازخورد اصلاحی فوری و طرح نو (با تاخیر) بر توسعه دانش زمان (ساختار) گذشته زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی سطح پیش از متوسط بود. در این مطالعه از طرح نیمه تجربی شامل پیش آزمون، تجربه، پس آزمون فوری و پس آزمون با طرح مجدد استفاده شد. در ابتدا، داده های پیش آزمون از عملکرد فراگیران در آزمون عملکرد شفاهی (OPT) و آزمون قضاوت دستوری زمانبندی نشده (UGJT) جمع آوری شد. پس از انجام پیش آزمون، محققان تجربه را در دو گروه آزمایش اجرا کردند. بازخورد اصلاحی طرح مجدد به گروه آزمایش اول ارائه شد، بازخورد اصلاحی سریع به گروه آزمایشی دوم ارائه شد و بازخورد اصلاحی خاصی به گروه کنترل داده نشد. پسآزمون فوری بلافاصله پس از پسآزمون با تاخیر، که سه هفته بعد انجام شد، ارائه گردید. یافتههای این مطالعه نشان داد که وقتی نوبت به دانش صریح و ضمنی آنها از زمان گذشته میرسد، دانشآموزانی که بازخورد اصلاحی فوری دریافت کردهاند یا بازخورد اصلاحی مجدد (طرح نو) کردهاند، عملکرد بهتری نسبت به دانشآموزانی دارند که بازخورد اصلاحی خاصی دریافت نکردهاند. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که در این زمینه، دانشآموزان گروهی که بازخورد اصلاحی سریع دریافت میکردند باز به طور قابلتوجهی بسیار بهتر از آنهایی که در گروه بازخورد اصلاحی طرح نو دریافت کرده بودند، عمل کردند. یافته های این مطالعه ممکن است برای همه ذینفعان در زمینه آموزش، به ویژه برای معلمان و دانش آموزان زبان مفید باشد. این یافته ها به معلمان زبان، مربیان معلمان و تهیه کنندگان مطالب درسی علاقه مند به استفاده از رویکرد مبتنی بر وظیفه (Task-based) با بازخورد در فعالیت های آموزشی خود سود خواهند رساند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
511 - بررسی تاثیر راهبردهای مختلف آموزش واژگان (تصاویر متحرک، تصاویر صامت وشکل مکتوب) بر توان یادگیری واژگان در زبان آموزان ایرانی
سعیده آهنگری زینب عبدالله پوردر دنیای مدرن و پیشرفته امروزی بطور کلی CALL (یادگیری زبان با کمک کامپیوتر) یک حوزه ی جدید در یادگیری زبان و بخصوص در یادگیری واژگان در زبان دوم می باشد. این مقاله تاثیر حاشیه نویسی چند رسانه ای را بر روی یادگیری واژگان در زبان دوم بررسی می کند. هدف اصلی این پژوهش Moreدر دنیای مدرن و پیشرفته امروزی بطور کلی CALL (یادگیری زبان با کمک کامپیوتر) یک حوزه ی جدید در یادگیری زبان و بخصوص در یادگیری واژگان در زبان دوم می باشد. این مقاله تاثیر حاشیه نویسی چند رسانه ای را بر روی یادگیری واژگان در زبان دوم بررسی می کند. هدف اصلی این پژوهش، مقایسه ی بررسی تاثیر راهبردهای مختلف آموزش واژگان (تصاویر متحرک، تصاویر صامت و شکل مکتوب) بر توان یادگیری واژگان در زبان آموزان ایرانی بود. بدین منظور، شصت و هشت زبان آموز انتخاب شدند. جهت بررسی سطح مهارت زبان آموزان یک پیش آزمون برگزار شد. این شصت و هشت زبان آموز به یک گروه آزمایش و سه گروه مقایسه (تصاویر متحرک، تصاویر صامت وشکل مکتوب) تقسیم شدند. به منظور بررسی تاثیر هر روش یک پس آزمون واژگان هم طراحی و برگزار شد. در نتیجه ی تحلیل آماری مشخص شد که تصاویر متحرک در مقایسه با دو روش دیگر (تصاویر صامت وشکل مکتوب) در یادگیری واژگان در زبان دوم موثرتر بودند. نتایج نشان میدهد که تصاویر متحرک تاثیر توجه طلبی دارند و یک تصویر ذهنی ایجاد می کنند که این خود منجر به یادآوردن (به خاطر سپردن) طولانی مدت واژگان می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
512 - رابطه بین استفاده از کمکهای بصری، نوع متون شنیداری و عملکرد زبان آموزان پیشرفته انگلیسی در آزمون شنیداری
غلامرضا کیانی سارا جلالیارزیابی مهارت شنیداری از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار می باشد. عوامل زیادی بر نحوه عملکرد زبان آموزان در تستهای شنیداری تاثیرگذار هستند، از قبیل استفاده از ویدیو، انواع مختلف متون شنیداری، وجود کمکهای بصری و غیره. موضوعی که امروزه بیشتر مدنظر می باشد همین کمکهای بصری اس Moreارزیابی مهارت شنیداری از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار می باشد. عوامل زیادی بر نحوه عملکرد زبان آموزان در تستهای شنیداری تاثیرگذار هستند، از قبیل استفاده از ویدیو، انواع مختلف متون شنیداری، وجود کمکهای بصری و غیره. موضوعی که امروزه بیشتر مدنظر می باشد همین کمکهای بصری است. بیشتر آزمونهای شنیداری از نوارهای از پیش ضبط شده برای تستهای خود استفاده می کنند. گرچه امروزه با ورود ویدیو و سایر وسایل بصری (مثل تصاویر، نقشه ها و غیره) به کلاسهای درس، کنجکاویهای زیادی در رابطه با تاثیر این عوامل برروی عملکرد زبان آموزان در تستهای شنیداری بوجود آمده است. این تحقیق تلاشی است برای مشخص کردن نوع تاثیر (مثبت یا منفی) استفاده از کمکهای بصری و نوع متون شنیداری (مکالمه و صحبت یک طرفه) بر پاسخ دهی زبان آموزان پیشرفته در سوالات شنیداری. بدین منظور 180 زبان آموز پیشرفته بصورت تصادفی و از طریق آزمون انتخاب شده و سپس بصورت تصادفی به سه گروه و هر گروه شامل 60 نفر تقسیم شدند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که تفاوت معناداری بین استفاده و عدم استفاده از کمکهای بصری وجود دارد. همچنین تفاوت معناداری بین دو نوع متون شنیداری (مکالمه و صحبت یک طرفه) نیز وجود دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
513 - اثرآموزش چند رسانه ای بر بهبود دانش دستوری زبان آموزان ایرانی و نگرش آنها
سیده فاطمه تقوی تکیار مهری جلالیاستفاده ازفن آوری ها اخیرا باعث شده که آموزش زبان دستخوش تغییرات زیادی شود. یادگیری زبان دوم و زبان خارجی با استفاده از رایانه افزایش قابل توجهی داشته است. از این رو، پژوهش حاضر سعی در بررسی تاثیر استفاده از چند رسانه ای در بهبود دانش دستور زبان دانش آموزان دبیرستانی ای Moreاستفاده ازفن آوری ها اخیرا باعث شده که آموزش زبان دستخوش تغییرات زیادی شود. یادگیری زبان دوم و زبان خارجی با استفاده از رایانه افزایش قابل توجهی داشته است. از این رو، پژوهش حاضر سعی در بررسی تاثیر استفاده از چند رسانه ای در بهبود دانش دستور زبان دانش آموزان دبیرستانی ایران و همچنین بررسی نگرش آنها نسبت به حالت چند رسانه ای مبتنی بر آموزش کرده است. برای این کار، سه کلاس دست نخورده از دانش آموزان با سطح زبانی متوسط در دبیرستانی در تهران به صورت تصادفی به سه گروه تقسیم شدند: گروه چند رسانه ای (تعداد= 28) ,گروه چند رسانه ای + کتاب درسی (تعداد = 29) و گروه شاهد (تعداد = 33). بعد از همسان سازی گروه ها از طریق آزمون تعیین سطح آکسفورد، یک پیش آزمون گرفته شد و نتایج نشان داد تفاوت معنی داری بین گروه ها در مورد دانش دستور زبان مقصد وجود نداشت. آموزش در 8 جلسه صورت گرفت، گروه اول از طریق عناصرچند رسانه ای مختلف از جمله کارتون , متون , پاورپوینت وغیره آموزش داده شدند، گروه دوم از طریق ترکیب چند رسانه ای و کتاب درسی آموزش دیدند در حالی که به گروه شاهد به طور سنتی با استفاده از کتاب درسی آموزش داده شد. مقایسه نمرات این گروه ها در پس آزمون با استفاده از آزمون ANOVA برتری گروه چند رسانه ای + کتاب درسی بیش از گروه های دیگر را در عملکرد تست دستور زبان نشان داد. نتایج پرسشنامه نیز تمایل مثبت تر از دانش آموزان در این گروه در مقایسه با گروه فقط چندرسانه ای به سمت استفاده از برنامه های چند رسانه ای در زمینه یادگیری زبان را نشان داد. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه میتواند روش جدیدی برای کمک به زبان آموزان باشد تا با موفقیت دانش دستور زبان خود را افزایش دهند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
514 - Role of Time and Place on Precepts Inference from the Viewpoint of Some Jurisconsults of Imamieh and Sunni
hosseinali ghasemzadehThe truth is that pioneer jurisconsults regard the role of time and place in deducting the percepts trivial. They indicated this truth in related issues but there is a consensus among them about the trivial role of time and place.The truth is that pioneer jurisconsults regard the role of time and place in deducting the percepts trivial. They indicated this truth in related issues but there is a consensus among them about the trivial role of time and place. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
515 - Influence of Time and Place in Variation of Clericsâ Opinions
abolghasem naghibi hossein jalilzadehThis study is about the role of time and place in Ejtehad (supreme religious competence). There are different views on the influence of time and place on the Shariat decrees. The purpose of this research is to understand the interrelationship of the above two factors al MoreThis study is about the role of time and place in Ejtehad (supreme religious competence). There are different views on the influence of time and place on the Shariat decrees. The purpose of this research is to understand the interrelationship of the above two factors along with the views of the supreme religious authorities. Comparing traditional and Javaheri Ejtehad which Imam Khomeini (pbuh) has inherited reveals that the time and place factors have not been recognized the sole reference of Ejtehad. It is noteworthy that the Book and Shariat are interlinked in Shariat decrees and Ejtehad position whereas time and place are directly related to the specific decrees that is to say that through time and place the base of decrees and their specificity –internally and externally- are highlighted and dynamics. That is why that a decree on a specific subject can change with time negating or emphasizing the previous one. Therefore, time and place on a decree play their roles and not only decree. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
516 - Lack of Time Citation in Interrupted Marriage
ali akbar izadifard hassan gholipour hadi salehiMarriage as one of the special orders of shiite jurisprudence is necessary according to Quran, tradition, consensus and wisdom. This text describes time of interrupted marriage.There are four viewpoints among the jurists in this regard: the first is famous promise that MoreMarriage as one of the special orders of shiite jurisprudence is necessary according to Quran, tradition, consensus and wisdom. This text describes time of interrupted marriage.There are four viewpoints among the jurists in this regard: the first is famous promise that can be changed into permanent, the second is invalidity of contract, the third is about details between two models of permanent and interrupted marriage and the fourth relates to intention and amnesia. Entirely, the authors show the reason of cancelling marriage would be strong because the intention of each parties won't be to interrupt the marriage and explain all cases of this case completely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
517 - Adaption of Time-Sharing Contracts with the Universitas Facti Lease Contract in Iranian Law
Alireza Fasihizadeh Maryam Jalali On the basis of the Time-Sharing contract, a person, in a certain course of time, becomes the owner of the substance or its usufruct, or holds the right to benefit from the subject of the contract upon which the agreement is concluded. Under the inf More On the basis of the Time-Sharing contract, a person, in a certain course of time, becomes the owner of the substance or its usufruct, or holds the right to benefit from the subject of the contract upon which the agreement is concluded. Under the influence of the Time-Sharing contract, the person holding the above-stated rights, will be able to directly or representatively fulfill his or her rights periodically for a limited or perennial course of time. These contracts are being concluded in a diverse set of forms almost in all of the countries around the world. The main purpose of this research is not to render a clear definition of the nature of the Time-Sharing contracts; but rather is to put emphasis on whether it is conceivable, based on Iranian legal system, to achieve contractual outcomes particular to the Time-Sharing contracts through a special type of Lease contract. In the very meaning of timeshare there is no substantive detachment between the substance of a contract and its usufruct and ownership is considered as a right. However, in the light of the tenets of the Civil Code of Iran and Islamic jurisprudential decrees in this regard, it is conceivable to attain the outcomes particular to the Time-Sharing contracts through a specific kind of the Lease contract or through the assignment of the “Substitutive Generality” to the subject and duration of the Lease contract. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
518 - A New Theory in the Method of Punishment for Womenâs Exile
mehdi movahedi hadiseh borhaniThe exile punishment is considered as one of the rulings of Islam’s penal system that is issued in terms of the guilty person’s gender and based on the interests and vices. According to the popular opinion, women are excluded in the cases of adultery and Qiadah, yet MoreThe exile punishment is considered as one of the rulings of Islam’s penal system that is issued in terms of the guilty person’s gender and based on the interests and vices. According to the popular opinion, women are excluded in the cases of adultery and Qiadah, yet gender is not considered in the war-related exile. The present paper introduces a method of absolute issuance for women’s exile with a new look into the existing views and studying every related claim and a special regard for changing the subject considering the time requirements (e.g. new communication media becoming widespread, the increasing popularity of communications through cyberspace, road developments and facilities, and transportation, etc.) when choosing a method for administering the punishment (e.g. being deprived of mass media, audio-visual media, and participating in virtual social networks, etc.) i.e. assigning its administration method to the ruler. Although this analysis applies to men too, raising it on women’s exile is due to the fact that the justification of the act of opposing women’s exile is because of the possible vices that might arise from her being away from her town and country which will be inconsistent with her chastity and veil. Therefore, this justification pales into insignificance with the prescription of nonphysical exile instead of other methods and its generalization gains strength accordingly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
519 - Judicial Study of Blood Money Considering the Present-time Conditions
Mahmoud Aghajani Ahmad Abedini mohammadali heidari Nadali AshooriThis research aims at reviewing the religious jurisprudence of the amount of blood money and the slaughterer’s arbitrary choice, meaning whether the six forms in which the blood money can be paid (camel, ox, sheep, Dirham, Dinar, Yamani Hilla) are still valid or n MoreThis research aims at reviewing the religious jurisprudence of the amount of blood money and the slaughterer’s arbitrary choice, meaning whether the six forms in which the blood money can be paid (camel, ox, sheep, Dirham, Dinar, Yamani Hilla) are still valid or not? Or is it logical that the slaughterer have arbitrary choice over these six forms of payment? According to Shiite Religious Jurisprudents’ fatwa and the Words, the blood money of manslaughter of a Muslim male is said to be in one of the six forms (camel, ox, sheep, Dirham, Dinar, Yamani Hilla). The most prominent Shiite religious jurisprudents believe that the slaughterer is free to choose among these said forms, but the results of this study shows firstly that these six forms of blood money payment are not valid at the present time, rather, what was intended by the religious lawgiver had been some amount of money determined by the Islamic ruler in accordance with Sharia’s references and the era’s conditions to be paid to the slaughtered in order to prevent the blood of a Muslim going to waste, secondly that the arbitrary choice of slaughterer in the form of payment is not logical at present conditions. So it is recommended that the amount of blood money and the arbitrary choice of the slaughterer be revised by the Shiite religious jurisprudents with religious deducing according to present time conditions. The method of this study is descriptive-analytical in which the necessary information has been gathered by studying The Words and reviewing some of the prominent Shiite’s religious jurisprudents verdict on manslaughter’s blood money Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
520 - Judicial and Lawful Study of Timely Obligation Enforcement in Iran's Law
Abbas Moghadari Hekmatollah AsgariIn contracts law, the most important issue is the timely enforcement of contractual obligations whereas the violation of the contracts meets numerous punitive regulations. In Iran's law, the theory of specific performance is enforced that sometimes causes cases of injus MoreIn contracts law, the most important issue is the timely enforcement of contractual obligations whereas the violation of the contracts meets numerous punitive regulations. In Iran's law, the theory of specific performance is enforced that sometimes causes cases of injustice depriving it from its utmost efficiency. Regarding many exceptions to this rule including option of delayed payment of the price, violation of the terms of the contract, rent and farm leasing, one can inquire whether it is possible to grant the right of termination and specific performance to the other party in case the contract is violated. It appears that by resorting to the religious and civil law and in line with international trade legal system, the basis of this right could be established and strengthened. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
521 - Legal Analysis of the Time`s Role in Occurrence of a Crime, Determining a Penalty and its Execution
Yavar Jalaeyan Saleh Mehdi momeni Ali Reza Sabrian Mohammad Rouhani MoghadamThis present paper has been written for the purposes of knowledge and evaluating the importance of the time`s role in committing a crime according to the legal view point; its data is collected by documentations method, and its data analysis is used wi MoreThis present paper has been written for the purposes of knowledge and evaluating the importance of the time`s role in committing a crime according to the legal view point; its data is collected by documentations method, and its data analysis is used with descriptive-analytical way. While examining the points of strength and weakness of the existing criminal statutes on the subject matter, it will be tried in this research to discuss the area of the concept of time requirements, its effect on the validity of penal code, lapse of time, analysis of relationship between time and criminal liability, the influence of time element on the punishment process and manner of adaptation a punishment to the time requirements, finally considering the relationship of time with some causes of punishment abolition. The results of this study states that the phenomenon of time and its requirements play a part, sometimes as a causative or procuring factor of a crime from a criminological perspective, and occasionally, its role is as a condition for the realization of the physical element of the crime, mitigating or aggravation of criminal liability and the factors of commutating, modifying, suspending or delaying the punishment from the criminal perspective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
522 - The Role of Time and Place on the Evolution of Ijtihad in Criminal Sentences of Islam
Mahmoud Darvishtorabi Kiumars Kalantari DaronkolaDiligence is a process to understand the religion, discover and infer the religious orders. After 6th century, the meaning and basis of diligence in Islamic law have been changed and a new idiomatic expression has been created in which probably based on that, friendly a MoreDiligence is a process to understand the religion, discover and infer the religious orders. After 6th century, the meaning and basis of diligence in Islamic law have been changed and a new idiomatic expression has been created in which probably based on that, friendly and traditionally called people of diligence. Among Traditional followers, the oldest text about diligence’s usage with this new definition apparently is the valuable book of “Almustasfi” by “Imam Mohammad Ghazali”, which had nominated wisdom as a tool and even a reference of diligence, even though among religious scholars who were according to them. They are living in obstruction age or monopoly of diligence. New idiomatic diligence could be known as in Helli’s certain phrase at the beginning of chapter nine of “The principle of ascension” that describes some articles in order to diligence’s truth. Diligence in jurists’ customs is effort in religious orders extraction, since religious order is not commonly gained from texts appearance, but getting to know them is based on theoretical rules as well as raising reasons. Nowadays, with attention to modernity, occurred situations or in the other word, time and place’s requirement, diligence goes over comparison and the rest of traditional references, in cases where there is a need for serious change, particularly punitive sentences, one should consider the rationale of religious, and customary rationality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
523 - Theory of Agreement on Hadd (Prescribed) Punishments, Religious Jurisprudential Principles and Executive Challenges
Mohammad Ali Hajideh Abadi Abbas Ali NiknasabIn the Islamic jurisprudence, "prescribed punishments (Hudud)" are an important group of the punishments that are often physical; they have also been taken into consideration by the Iranian criminal legislator after the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and have MoreIn the Islamic jurisprudence, "prescribed punishments (Hudud)" are an important group of the punishments that are often physical; they have also been taken into consideration by the Iranian criminal legislator after the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and have been executed for more than three decades. During these years, the execution of some hadd (prescribed) punishments especially the murder and stoning to death has caused some problems for the country. A useful strategy to reduce the negative consequence of executing the physical punishments is to use the agreed reactions. Because based on this strategy, the physical punishments also are in the texts of the laws and can equally fulfill the horrendous target of the punishments. On the other hand, ignoring the execution of the physical punishments and using the agreed punishments in exceptional cases, the criminal can be encouraged to perform the positive and constructive behaviors, to compensate for the damage to the victim and the community and to make up the past, to understand his/her bad behavior and ultimately to improve and to rehabilitate physically and mentally. Regarding the emergence of theory of having an agreement on criminal justice, the question is arisen that is it possible to use the agreed punishments for the crimes that deserve hadd? In the present article, in addition to emphasizing the existence of religious jurisprudential principles and non-negligence of the executive challenges, the possibility of the case execution of the theory in the hadd crimes has been concluded. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
524 - Basics of blood transaction in the thought of Imami jurists
ahmadreza khazaeiBlood is one of the eleven impurities that is recognized in the holy sharia of Islam and its use is also forbidden. In the past, not only were there no benefits to blood, but there was also hatred. Most of the first Sadr jurists who were exposed to this issue have expre MoreBlood is one of the eleven impurities that is recognized in the holy sharia of Islam and its use is also forbidden. In the past, not only were there no benefits to blood, but there was also hatred. Most of the first Sadr jurists who were exposed to this issue have expressed fatwas sanctifying blood trade. The sayings of the jurists in this matter are: absolute sanctity, detail between impure and pure blood, independent sanctity and permission along with other objects, permission to trade in cases of lawful interests. The arguments of those who believe in sanctity are: consensus, non-taxation of blood, impurity of blood, originality of corruption in contracts, support for sin, verses, and narrations. But today, with the advancement of medical knowledge and the various uses of blood, especially human blood and its products, it has found a special vital place. The subject of time and place and its requirements in the field of jurisprudence is something that has been evident in the jurisprudence of Imam Khomeini since the pre-Islamic period, and has been directly related to the nature of realism in his jurisprudence. One example of this dynamic ijtihad is his views on the blood transaction. This article tries to study the blood transaction according to the opinions of Imami jurists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
525 - The Rule of Immortality and the Evolution of Time
Abedin Momeni Seyed Mohammad Sadri Ali PirdehiThis paper relates to the changeability of the verdict in some circumstances based on the three hypotheses; first, the judgment is unchangeable. The second assumption indicates that a ruling changes in the situations due to the change of subject or criterion. Third, the MoreThis paper relates to the changeability of the verdict in some circumstances based on the three hypotheses; first, the judgment is unchangeable. The second assumption indicates that a ruling changes in the situations due to the change of subject or criterion. Third, the sentence is fixed in some sections. In the present case, first, the interpretation of the change is incompatible with the rules of principle and the lyric. Secondly, the meaning of change presents an issue that has a ruler, with the preservation of all circumstances. The authors believe that the new verdict is not a change. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
526 - Civil liability for omission of officials due to lack of time.
mostafa keikha shaghayegh amerian abd-al-reza mohammad hosein zadehThe warranty due to the lack of time is one of the controversial issues that is raised under the issue of the authorities' omission. The loss of time due to the abandonment of the action has raised the question of whether it is possible to consider the loss of time as a MoreThe warranty due to the lack of time is one of the controversial issues that is raised under the issue of the authorities' omission. The loss of time due to the abandonment of the action has raised the question of whether it is possible to consider the loss of time as a type of damage and condemn the abandonment of the action to civil liability. The present research has organized its discussions with the descriptive-analytical method based on the hypothesis that if the omission of officials leads to the death of people, it will be covered by the guarantee of execution. The conclusion of this research is that, although there is no chapter in Iranian law about the omission of officials due to the passing of time, there are examples such as mudaraba, jaala, delay in crisis management and delay without legal and justified reasons in issuing business licenses, and so on. .. It implies the civil responsibility of the officials, leaving the verb. In addition, from a jurisprudential point of view, rules such as non-harmful, wasteful and vindictive, reprimanding the usurper, respecting inalienable property and justice, indicate this type of responsibility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
527 - Jurisprudential Study of the Time of Calculation of Compensation for Late Payment in Administrative Offenses of Rejection of Monetary Property
Ali Akbar Youssefi rad Seyyed Hossein Sadat Hosseni Ramazan DehghanIn criminal offenses with restitution of property, such as robbery and fraud, if found guilty of the said crimes and attributed to the accused, in addition to the sentence of legal punishment, the accused is also sentenced to restitute property of theft and fraud by law MoreIn criminal offenses with restitution of property, such as robbery and fraud, if found guilty of the said crimes and attributed to the accused, in addition to the sentence of legal punishment, the accused is also sentenced to restitute property of theft and fraud by law. If the plaintiff files a claim for delayed payment of damages along with a criminal complaint, given that there may be several times in criminal cases (1. Time when theft or fraud was committed; 2, Time for filing a complaint in the court; 3. Time of final verdict), the court will sentence the accused to pay damages for the loss of value of the money, called delayed payment, at a specific time. According to Article 522 of the Code of Civil Procedure, which considers the claim to be the basis for delay payment in the above cases, one of the abovementioned times will be selected as the claim. However, it can be added that since Article 522 considers the basis of calculation to be the time of claim, should the liability determined so that the time of claim may be regarded as the basis of calculation. Whenever liability has not yet been determined or the accused refuses crimes (robbery and fraud), and on the other hand, the amount of debt is still uncertain, should the time of filing a complaint be the basis of calculating delayed payment or one of the abovementioned times should be the basis of calculations? It seems that the time for calculating delayed payment of crimes with restitution of money is the time when theft or fraud was committed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
528 - Adapting the institution of predictable breach of contract with the extended concept of obligation in the principles of jurisprudence.
Abbas Mirshekari amir javadiThe theory of foreseeable breach of contract refers to a situation in which one of the parties, despite his observations and calculations, cannot reasonably wait for the other party to execute the contract. This theory is relevant in contracts that are subject to a cert MoreThe theory of foreseeable breach of contract refers to a situation in which one of the parties, despite his observations and calculations, cannot reasonably wait for the other party to execute the contract. This theory is relevant in contracts that are subject to a certain period of time. In Iran's legal system, the theory of foreseeable breach of contract is not explicitly accepted, even in certain articles, it is practically not possible to propose such a theory. But since speed and security are one of the main elements in commercial contracts, the design of this theory in Iran's legal system allows the obligor not to wait for the obligee to fulfill his contractual obligations in case of excessive delay, and by planning this type of violation, he can have a suitable time to compensate for the lost time. Although there are obstacles for proposing this theory in every legal system, its acceptance can be much more practical. In the principles of jurisprudence, in a topic entitled extended obligation, it is mentioned to perform the duty within a certain period of time, and the basics of this obligation can be used in the theory of predictable violation. The most important question that we are trying to answer in this article is with what tool the theory of foreseeable violation can be justified in Iran's legal system. By providing this goal, we have progressed from the origin of this theory to its legal analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
529 - Impact of salt concentration on persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Iranian UF white cheese
Sh Hanifian حسین Jodeiri Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Mycobacterium paratuberculosis) is considered as a potential significant public health threat due to its possible association with Crohn’s disease in humans. This is a study aimed to investigate the effect More Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Mycobacterium paratuberculosis) is considered as a potential significant public health threat due to its possible association with Crohn’s disease in humans. This is a study aimed to investigate the effect of different salt concentrations on survival of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis during ripening and storage of Iranian ultra-filtrate-white cheese (IUFWC). For this purpose, retentate was inoculated with 2 Log cfu/g of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Afterwards, model cheeses were prepared with 2%, 3% and 4% of salt. Quantity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was estimated throughout the ripening and storage of IUFWC using F57-quantitative real time PCR (F57-qPCR) and culture assay. Along with, the populations of lactic acid bacteria as well as physicochemical properties of cheese samples were determined. According to the results, at the early stage of storage period (1 to 30 days) the number of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was almost constant; however, it was decreased significantly (p<0.01) during the late storage period (30 to 60 days). Data also suggested that Mycobacterium paratuberculosis could persist for a longer (p<0.01) period of time in the samples made with lower (2% and 3%) salt concentration. Consequently, higher salt concentration could shorten the survival of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in IUFWC. In addition, considering the effect of time on the persistence of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, storage of IUFWC until the end of storage period (60 days) could inactivate more of the bacterium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
530 - The changes in the fibrinogen concentration and coagulation pathways in winter and summer in cattle
ameneh khoshvaghti Fibrinogen is an important coagulation factor and a positive acute phase protein and its levels increases in cases of inflammation infection and stress. The present research was done to determine whether the fibrinogen concentration, prothrombin time (PT) a More Fibrinogen is an important coagulation factor and a positive acute phase protein and its levels increases in cases of inflammation infection and stress. The present research was done to determine whether the fibrinogen concentration, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) can be affected by seasonal changes. In this study, the blood of ten apparently healthy cows from around Yasouj city were taken under aseptic conditions and, then the plasma was separated. The fibrinogen concentration, was assayed by sedimentation refractometry method, PT and APTT were measurement by coagolometric method. The statistical analysis indicated that there was significant difference between the mean concentration of fibrinogen in summer and winter (P<0.05), but the increase in PT and APTT was not as much that a significant statistical difference could be seen between these parameters in winter and summer (P>0.05). It is concluded that seasonal changes can affect the fibrinogen concentration but does no affect PT and APTT significantly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
531 - The Effect of Quality Circle Time (QCT) Method on Psychosocial Security of Orphan Female Teenagers
Mohammad Ali Ameri Ayatollah Fathi Fereshteh Khoshakhlaq Saieed Sharifi RahnemoThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of group educational quality (QCT) method on psychosocial security of orphan girls. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-posttest design with two groups of control and experiments. The statistical popula MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of group educational quality (QCT) method on psychosocial security of orphan girls. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-posttest design with two groups of control and experiments. The statistical population of the study included all orphan female teenagers aged 12 to 18 years old in Tabriz who were kept in welfare centers of Tabriz, from which a sample of 30 orphan female teenagers were selected through convenient purposeful sampling method and then were randomly divided into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Both of groups completed psychological security scale by Zare & Aminpour (2011) as pre and posttest. The experimental group was trained for 10 sessions of 90 minutes under Quality Circle Time (QCT) by Jenny Mosley (2014). Data was analyzed using multivariate covariance test in SPSS software. The components of psychological security including environmental incompatibility, paranoia, self-belief, desire for life, depression, feeling happy, social security, self-awareness, self-confidence, feeling angry, despair, feeling of inferiority, compatibility with others were significantly different in the experimental and control groups in posttest (P <0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the components of interest in life and feeling of health between the experimental and control groups in the post-test (P <0.05). Therefore, according to the results, Quality Circle Time (QCT) can be considered as an effective method to improve social skills, social competencies and psychological and social security of adolescent female teenagers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
532 - The Effectiveness of Genius Baby Instructional Multimedia Software on Attitude and Learning of Language Skills in Preschool Children
Somayeh Olayaie Kiumars Taghipour Firooz MahmoodiThe main aim of current research was to evaluate the effectiveness of Genius Baby Instructional Multimedia Software on attitude and learning of Language skills in Preschool children. The research method was semi-experimental and its design was pretest-posttest with cont MoreThe main aim of current research was to evaluate the effectiveness of Genius Baby Instructional Multimedia Software on attitude and learning of Language skills in Preschool children. The research method was semi-experimental and its design was pretest-posttest with control group. Its statistical population were included all Preschool children from Marand city in the 2019-2020, Which a school was selected as a sample for the research using random cluster sampling method, its students randomly assigned to two experimental groups (N=15) and control group (N=15). The Trehearne’s (2003) Inventory was used to assess the attitude of preschool, and, also a researcher-made learning test tool was used to measure the learning variable. The validity of the tools was confirmed by experts. the using Cronbach's alpha and the Kuder-Richardson method, the reliability of the attitude tool and the learning tool was calculated 0.88 and 0.89 respectively. Prior to the study, Pre-test of learning was implemented in both groups, the experimental group received language learning skills training through the genius child software, and the control group received this skill as usual. After the courses, a Post-test of learning was taken, and a learners' Attitude Assessment Inventory was administered at the end of the course. The groups were trained for 16 sessions. The research data was analyzed with Independent T-test and Multivariate Covariance Analysis. The results revealed that due to teaching philosophy for children the concealing of labor children was decreased and their adjusting, and tolerating was increased. The results showed that the Genius Baby Instructional Multimedia Software has a positive effect on children's attitudes toward language skills learning(P=0.001≤0.05), and the use of this software also promotes preschool children's learning in language skills (P=0.001≤0.05). Accordingly, it is recommended that preschool schools use Genius Baby software to improve children's language learning skills Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
533 - The Effectiveness of Brian Tracy Time Management Training on Reducing Dependence on Cyberspace and Improving the Academic Adjustment of Farhangian University Students During the Corona Crisis
vahid manzari Mojtaba PoorkarimiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Brian Tracy's time management training on reducing dependence on cyberspace and improving the academic adjustment of Farhangian University students during the Corona period. The research design was quasi-expe MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Brian Tracy's time management training on reducing dependence on cyberspace and improving the academic adjustment of Farhangian University students during the Corona period. The research design was quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population was all students of Farhangian University of Khajeh Nasir in Kerman in the academic year 2022. 40 people were selected as the sample by targeted sampling method and randomly assigned to an experimental group (20 people) and a control group (20 people). The intervention group underwent 90 minutes of Brian Tracy time management training in 8 sessions once a week. However, no intervention was performed on the control group during this period. The cyberspace dependency questionnaire of Khajeh Ahmadi et al. And the Baker and Cyriac educational adjustment questionnaire were administered to them. The reliability level of Cronbach's alpha method was reported as 0.90 in the virtual space dependence questionnaire and 0.80 in the academic adjustment questionnaire, and the validity of both questionnaires was confirmed. In order to describe the data, central indexes of mean and standard deviation and multivariate covariance analysis test were used using SPSS version 23 software. The results of analysis of covariance showed that Brian Tracy's time management training reduced dependence on cyberspace and improved academic adjustment. According to the results of the present study, Brian Tracy's time management training was effective in reducing dependence on cyberspace and improving academic adjustment. Therefore, this intervention can be used to reduce the problems of Farhangian University students during the Corona. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
534 - The training effectiveness with the help of teacher-male conceptual map with integrated multi-media in vocation and technique course on learning performance of third grade female students in Zanjan
Nasrin Savadpour Akbar RezaeiThis study investigates the effectiveness of teacher-made conceptual maps and multimedia teacher-made conceptual maps on the learning process at two levels of knowledge and supra knowledge and also the motivation of the female third graders guidance school students in Z MoreThis study investigates the effectiveness of teacher-made conceptual maps and multimedia teacher-made conceptual maps on the learning process at two levels of knowledge and supra knowledge and also the motivation of the female third graders guidance school students in Zanjan. The study was a quasi-experimental one with pretest and posttest in which there were one control group and two experimental groups. There were three classes with 25 students available for each group for the purpose of the study. The control group was an intact group but the experimental group (1) Were treated for 10 sessions with teacher-made conceptual maps and the experimental group (2) were treated for 11 sessions with teacher-made conceptual maps and mixed multimedia method. The instruments used in this research were achievement test and MSLQ questionnaire. The results of data analysis through Co-variance indicated that the conceptual maps have great effect both on the learning performance and on promoting learning at the level of knowledge or at levels higher than knowledge; however, they are not effective regarding motivation on the scale of motivational beliefs (self-efficiency, inner valuation and examination anxiety) and on the scale of self-ordering learning strategies (utilizing self- ordering and learning strategies). Based on the obtained results it can be claimed that conceptual maps and multimedia do have an outstanding effect on improving the students' learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
535 - The Effect of Educational Films Showtime on Female Secondary School Students Learning and Rtention
Narges Yousefi Konjedar Saeid MoosavipourThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the effect of educational films Showtime on 3rd grad secondary school female students learns and retention in Malayer. Our research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group. 110 stud MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the effect of educational films Showtime on 3rd grad secondary school female students learns and retention in Malayer. Our research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group. 110 students were randomly chosen and assigned to four groups, three experimental and one control group. The first experimental group (27) saw the film before teaching, the second experimental group (26) while teaching, and the third group (26) after teaching. The control group included 31 students who did not watch any film. Sections 2 and 3 of the geography book were chosen. The instruments used in this study were two equivalent pre-test and posttest on film content which contained 32 questions in 5 sections. At the beginning, pretests were given to all groups. At the end of the training, they took the posttest and 2 weeks later, they took the retention test. The results were analyzed using Generalized Linear Models, multiple comparison tests in dependent t-test, ANOVA and MANOVA. Considering the significant level (p>0/5). The results showed that using educational films while teaching had more impact on the learning and retention of the students Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
536 - Designing Multimedia Education Based on Sweller's Cognitive Load Theory and Determining its Effect on Mathematic Educational Excitement Among3rd Grade of Elementary Students
Kourosh Hossein Baglou Mousa Piri Jahangir Yari Akbar RezaeiThis research was aimed on designing multimedia education based on Sweller's cognitive load theory and determining its effect on mathematic educational excitement among 3rdgrade of elementary students. In this research, semi-experimental design "pretest-posttest with co MoreThis research was aimed on designing multimedia education based on Sweller's cognitive load theory and determining its effect on mathematic educational excitement among 3rdgrade of elementary students. In this research, semi-experimental design "pretest-posttest with control group" were used. The research involved a sample of 502 third degree of elementary students(boys) of Chaipareh in 2017-2018. According to cluster sampling meth two classes from schools and 15 students from each class were selected randomly. These two groups were also randomly assigned to experimental and control group. Lichtenfeldet al. (2012) educational excitement questionnaire was used for information collection. Multivariate covariance (MANCOVA) test was used for hypotheses analyze. The results showed that implementation of multimedia education designing based on Sweller's cognitive load theory effects significantly on increasing educational excitement enjoy and decreasing educational excitement fatigue and anxiety. Experiment group mean in posttest was more than control group mean. It can be concluded, according to results, multimedia education designing based on Sweller's cognitive load theory can be used as one of the decreasing negative educational excitements and increasing positive educational excitement of students Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
537 - Promoting Academic Achievement Motivation in English and Arabic Courses Using Multimedia Instruction
Yahya Safari Keyvan Azizi Eslam Mohammadi Galini Nasrin YousefpourThe present study was an attempt to improve academic achievement motivation in English and Arabic courses through multimedia instruction. The population of the study was all male third grade high school students in Sarepolezahab. Through convenient sampling, 20 students MoreThe present study was an attempt to improve academic achievement motivation in English and Arabic courses through multimedia instruction. The population of the study was all male third grade high school students in Sarepolezahab. Through convenient sampling, 20 students were selected and were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The instrument which was used to gather the data was Welrend et. al.'s (1991) academic motivation questionnaire. The data was analyzed conducting independent samples T-Test and MANOVA. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups post tests. (p=0.001). Also, the results revealed that there was a significant difference between intrinsic motivation and the subscales of intrinsic motivation to accomplish things (p=0/008), to Know understanding (p=0/006), identical regulation (p=0/010), and amotivation (0=0/001). But, related to intrinsic motivate experience stimulation and external motivation for introjection and external regulation subscales, the difference was not significant. Because of the significant relationship between the studied variables, multimedia method is suggested to promote academic motivation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
538 - The comparison of effectiveness of the interactive and non interactive multimedia on students’ self regulation.
Roya Rahmani Esmat Daviran Mona Ahmad Mokhberi The present study tries to compare the effect of interactive and non - interactive multimedia on students’ self- regulation. The survey was performed on two experimental groups of 15 members of each, who were randomly selected among the More The present study tries to compare the effect of interactive and non - interactive multimedia on students’ self- regulation. The survey was performed on two experimental groups of 15 members of each, who were randomly selected among the teacher training students’ in Zanjan teacher training university. A pre- test was conducted on self -regulation strategies .Training started by using multimedia, one group got interact, the other non -interactive multimedia training. At the end of the study, a post -test was implemented. The results showed that a significant difference was found between interactive and non- interactive multimedia learning strategies on the students’ self- regulation learning. Thus the study confirms that learning through inter active - multimedia increases the self -regulation learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
539 - Supply Chain Analysis via the Queuing Theory Approach
Morteza Shafiee Mahsa RafatmahAn important issue in the supply chain concerns minimizing response time for the delivery of goods to the final destination, which can be achieved through selecting the correct route. The optimal path connecting the origin and destination nodes through the least i MoreAn important issue in the supply chain concerns minimizing response time for the delivery of goods to the final destination, which can be achieved through selecting the correct route. The optimal path connecting the origin and destination nodes through the least intermediate nodes is called the shortest path. The shortest path in supply chain networks considered in this paper concerns the problem of sending an order from an original node to a destination node on a network which lacks a perfect and permanent fixed structure. The queuing theory measures were employed in the present enquiry to find out the shortest path. Initially, the supply chain and queuing network were concisely introduced and then, the two-input and three-stage supply chain of Balan Sanaat Company was displayed. Each input order to the supply chain is represented by two stochastic variables including the occurrence time and the number of commodities to be delivered. Further, the measures of the performance and productivity measures were extracted via the queuing network approach to serve the purpose of the study which was to compute the minimum response time for the delivery of items to the final destination along the three-stage network. The average number of items that can be delivered during this minimum response time constitutes the optimum capacity of the queuing network. At each stage of the queuing network, decisions regarding the most appropriate delivery route to the next node in the shortest possible time is made right at the preceding delivery node. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
540 - Evaluating Relative Efficiency of Major Cargo Ports in the Middle East: The Integrated DEA-AP Approach
Azita Hajizadeh Seyed Nasser Saeidi Amer Kaabi Homayoun Yousefi Mostafa ZaredoostThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relative efficiency of major cargo ports in Middle East over the three-year period of 2011-2013. The research data were collected from scientific resources and input and output data from statistical yearbook of the Iranian ports MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relative efficiency of major cargo ports in Middle East over the three-year period of 2011-2013. The research data were collected from scientific resources and input and output data from statistical yearbook of the Iranian ports, maritime organization and formal website of each foreignport. Initially, the relative efficiency of ports was evaluated via two basic model of DEA-technique namely CCR-O and BCC-O and the ports were ranked accordingly using the 100% efficiency Anderson-peterson method. Based on the results of output- oriented CCR modelthatrepresents overall technical efficiency, Khorfakkan Port showed the highest and Bandar ImamKhomeini the lowest coefficient of efficiency during the given period. Based on the results of output- oriented BCC modelthatrepresents pure technical efficiency, Bushehr, Jebel Ali, KhorfakkanandAlexandria were found to have the highestandBandar ImamKhomeini the lowest coefficient of efficiency. Apart from Khorfakkan and Alexandriathat were underconstantreturns to scale, other ports were under variablereturns to scale. The scrutinized ports revealed an average of 54.3%, in technical efficiency and an average of 73% in pure technical efficiency during 2011-2013. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
541 - Saderat Bank customer classification using decision tree Based on customer value
Hosein Beyorani Mahram AzimiCustomer satisfaction in today's business environment has gained importance. Many companies to increase profits and customer satisfaction are focused on customer value. Customer relationship Management (CRM) is tools to enhance customer relationships has emerged as the MoreCustomer satisfaction in today's business environment has gained importance. Many companies to increase profits and customer satisfaction are focused on customer value. Customer relationship Management (CRM) is tools to enhance customer relationships has emerged as the principal competing companies. Successful customer relationship management in companies start from identifying customer value beacuse Customer value provides important information for the development and management. Techniques such as data mining has led to the development of customer relationship management in new competition areas so that companies can be profitable in business competition. Through data mining -the discovery of hidden knowledge database- organizations can identify valuable customer and predict their future behavior and take useful and knowledge-based decisions. The purpose of this research is to gain the effective features to select valuable customer that can classify customers based on population characteristics and other variables relating to transactions in classes very low profit, low profit, high profit and very high profit. In this study the influence of demographic characteristics including age, education and job level also affect the degree of branch, bank branch location and number of transactions on customer value will be checked. Dependent variable in this research is customer value that is classified into four categories. Statistical population is the all customers have an active checking account with Bank Saderat Iran in Tabriz city. To review the case, the CHAID decision tree data mining algorithms were used.Results showed that the variables age, education level of customer and bank branches have no significant effect on customer value and the number of customer transactions with bank has most effective in identifying the class of customer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
542 - A Comparative Study of the Components of Just in Time Production in Diverse Groups of Industries in Tabriz by Using Multivariate ANOVA
MohammadAli Motafaker azad Mehdi Allah verdi zadeh Gholamreza SoltaniFesgendis Mehdi PourmogadamJust in time (JIT) production is a new approach and way of thinking in the management of industrial organizations, the principles and methods of which seek the complete and comprehensive elimination of wastage and the enhancement of productivity in all activities inside MoreJust in time (JIT) production is a new approach and way of thinking in the management of industrial organizations, the principles and methods of which seek the complete and comprehensive elimination of wastage and the enhancement of productivity in all activities inside and outside the organization .Accordingly, the purpose of the present research is the comparative evaluation of the components of just in time production within the various industrial groups of Tabriz. The statistical population of the research includes 576 factories in the four industries-machinery and equipment , chemical substances and products , textiles , and electronics and the related equipment-in small and medium scales in Tabriz . The sample size has been 313 based on the relation in limited populations and through the use of relative stratified sampling method . The researchers have used a questionnaire in order to collect data , and the data have been analyzed by multivariate ANOVA. The results indicate that there is a difference amony the four industries regarding lean production components . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
543 - Selecting preventive and maintenance strategy towards the to improve the assessment indexes of dependability and variability‘s criteria
changiz Valmmohamadi Javad Sofiyabadi Fakhrodin Lotf ZadehThe main purpose of this study was to select a preventive and maintenance net strategy to improve the assessment indexes of dependability and variability in a company providing the gas and oil machinery and equipment for oil and gas production. The research method was a MoreThe main purpose of this study was to select a preventive and maintenance net strategy to improve the assessment indexes of dependability and variability in a company providing the gas and oil machinery and equipment for oil and gas production. The research method was an applied and experimental one. To gather the data, the standard daily visit, the cause and effect analysis of using lathe damages of nine machine system during the two study phases were investigated. The research hypotheses, after confirming the normality of the data, were analyzed through mean hypothesis of one population, paired T- test, and between group correlation coefficient. In the first phase, the inclusive net strategy based on mean time for maintenance and net based on dependability were administered. In the second phase the combined net strategy was administered. In both phases the mean time indexes between failure and repair were assessed to see the effects of three compared strategies and the best net strategy was chosen. The results showed that the combined net strategy produced the improvement of the assessment indexes of dependability and variability and also increased the productivity of machinery and equipments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
544 - Predicting Tehran Securities Stock Index By Using Neural Networks
Bita Delnavaz Asghari Mir Feiz FallahshamsThe size and process of the stock price indices are among the most important factors affecting the decisions of the investors in the financial markets. In order to predict the market, different techniques have been used, the most common of which are regression methods a MoreThe size and process of the stock price indices are among the most important factors affecting the decisions of the investors in the financial markets. In order to predict the market, different techniques have been used, the most common of which are regression methods and ARIMA models. However, these models have been unsuccessful in the practical prediction of some series. In the present research, in order to predict the total index of the stock, the Feed Forward Neural Network model with the law of back propagation was used in three networks with different input models, and the results of the model were compared to the result of multi – variable regression models and ARIMA models. The results indicated that the neural network method showed considerably fewer RMSE errors than RMSE errors in other methods, and that in Tehran stock market short – term prediction within a shorter interval is more suitable than long – term prediction within a longer interval. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
545 - A small continuous-Time macroeconometrics model of Iran (Structural Analysis)
Roya Alleomran Hamedreza BaradaranshorakaThis paper presents a continuous time macro-econometrics model for Iranian economy during 1338-1383. In this regard a relatively small size continuous time macro-econometric model, and simultaneous equation systems with eight differential equations and three definitiona MoreThis paper presents a continuous time macro-econometrics model for Iranian economy during 1338-1383. In this regard a relatively small size continuous time macro-econometric model, and simultaneous equation systems with eight differential equations and three definitional equations were used, and the model was estimated with 2 SLS technique. It examines the adjustment of macro economic variables such az such , consumption, production ,inflation, liquidity, wages,toward their desirable values,local stability and unstability of equilibrium point of economy. The results showed that the low speed adjustment for prices 2/5 years, and wages 3/3 years was confirmed/the high speed adjustement for money market 0.85 and real market also was confirmed.The money variable coefficient and its effect on consumption was also high, i.e. any unstability in the money market overflows toward consumption.Analyzing the stability of the system showed that the system is locally unstable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
546 - بررسی نحوهی گذراندن اوقات فراغت دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اردستان
فرزانه واصفیان محمد باقری شیوا آزادی پور فریبا واصفیانهدف کلی پژوهش بررسی چگونگی گذراندن اوقات فراغت دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اردستان بود. پژوهش کاربردی بوده و از روش توصیفی- پیمایشی استفاده شد. به منظور گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته استفاده شد. ضریب پایایی پرسشنامه در سطح آلفای کرانباخ 86/. برآورد شد. پ Moreهدف کلی پژوهش بررسی چگونگی گذراندن اوقات فراغت دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اردستان بود. پژوهش کاربردی بوده و از روش توصیفی- پیمایشی استفاده شد. به منظور گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته استفاده شد. ضریب پایایی پرسشنامه در سطح آلفای کرانباخ 86/. برآورد شد. پژوهش در شش فرضیه به بررسی میزان ساعات مشارکت در فعالیتهای ورزشی، استفاده از رسانهها، مشارکت در فعالیتهای هنری، مطالعه، میزان رضایتمندی از چگونگی گذراندن اوقات فراغت و مشارکت در فعالیتهای شغلی به منظور کسب درآمد پرداخت. نتایج نشان داد تنها فرضیهها دوم و ششم یعنی استفاده از رسانههای تلویزیون، رادیو و مشارکت در فعالیتهای شغلی به منظور کسب درآمد تأیید شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
547 - بررسی عوامل اجتماعی و فرهنگی مؤثر بر گرایش به فرزندآوری در شهر اندیمشک با تأکید برسبک زندگی (مطالعه موردی زنان متأهل کمتر از 35 سال)
اسحق ارجمند ناهید برومندهدف از این پژوهش بررسی عوامل اجتماعی و فرهنگی مؤثر بر گرایش به فرزندآوری در شهر اندیمشک میباشد. دیدگاههای نوگرایی، بوردیو و گیدنز به عنوان چارچوب نظری انتخاب شدند. روش تحقیق، پیمایشی و واحد تحلیل زنان متأهل کمتر از 35 سال و سطح تحلیل، خرد است. شیوه نمونهگیری، خوشهای Moreهدف از این پژوهش بررسی عوامل اجتماعی و فرهنگی مؤثر بر گرایش به فرزندآوری در شهر اندیمشک میباشد. دیدگاههای نوگرایی، بوردیو و گیدنز به عنوان چارچوب نظری انتخاب شدند. روش تحقیق، پیمایشی و واحد تحلیل زنان متأهل کمتر از 35 سال و سطح تحلیل، خرد است. شیوه نمونهگیری، خوشهای چندمرحلهای و تصادفی ساده است و حجم نمونه طبق فرمول کوکران 240 نفر میباشد. ابزارگردآوری داده‏ها، پرسشنامه است. روش تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها، ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن، پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون چندمتغیره و از نرمافزار SPSS استفاده شده است. از اعتبار صوری جهت سنجش اعتبار(روایی) استفاده شد و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (اعتماد یا پایایی) سبک زندگی و گرایش به فرزندآوری به ترتیب برابر با 711/0 و 714/0 است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که بین ترجیح جنسی و گرایش به فرزندآوری رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. بین پیروی از سنت­ها، میزان تحصیلات، سبک زندگی و پایگاه اقتصادی اجتماعی با گرایش به فرزندآوری زنان رابطه منفی و معناداری وجود دارد. اما بین مؤلفههای سبک زندگی(اوقات فراغت، مصرف کالای فرهنگی و مدیریت بدن) با گرایش به فرزندآوری زنان رابطه معناداری وجود ندارد. تحلیل رگرسیونی نشان میدهد که 3/17 درصد از تغییرات میزان گرایش به فرزندآوری زنان به متغیرهای مستقل(سبک زندگی، پایگاه اقتصادی اجتماعی، ترجیح جنسی و پیروی از سنت­ها) مربوط میشود و متغیرهای ترجیح جنسی و پیروی از سنت­ها تأثیر بیشتری در میزان فرزندآوری دارند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
548 - نقش جهانی شدن ارتباطات (اینترنت و ماهواره )بر نحوه گذران اوقات فراغت زنان جوان (مورد مطالعه: زنان جوان استان مازندران؛1395 )
ماجده قلی پور محمدصادق مهدوی باقر ساروخانیامروزه مسأله­ای به نام جهانی­شدن و استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات، شکل گذراندن اوقات فراغت را متفاوت کرده است. بیشتر مردم و از جمله زنان ترجیح می دهند اوقات فراغت خود را با تکنولوژی مرتبط با فناوری نو پر کنند. بنابراین بیشتر زمان فراغت خود را با دیدن برنامه های ماهوا Moreامروزه مسأله­ای به نام جهانی­شدن و استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات، شکل گذراندن اوقات فراغت را متفاوت کرده است. بیشتر مردم و از جمله زنان ترجیح می دهند اوقات فراغت خود را با تکنولوژی مرتبط با فناوری نو پر کنند. بنابراین بیشتر زمان فراغت خود را با دیدن برنامه های ماهواره­ای و استفاده از اینترنت می­گذرانند. این تحقیق بهمنظور بررسی جامعه شناختی جهانی شدن ارتباطات(اینترنت و ماهواره ) بر نحوه گذران اوقات فراغت زنان جوان، صورت گرفته است. جامعه آماری کلیه زنان جوان شهرستان چالوس واقع در استان مازنداران میباشد که طبق فرمول کوکران 374 نفر به عنوان نمونه آماری تعیین شدند. در مبانی نظری از نظریههای مرتبط با این حوزه استفاده شده و در پایان مدل نظری تحقیق، طراحی گردیده است. این تحقیق با استفاده از مطالعات میدانی و روش پیمایشی انجام گرفته است. ابزار گردآوری داده­ها پرسشنامه محقق ساخته و بعد از برآورد اعتبار و پایایی در بین پاسخگویان توزیع گردید. پس از گردآوری دادهها، براساس آمارهای استنباطی و با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS ، دادهها مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرارگرفتهاند. نتیجه حاصل شده نشان می­دهد که بین استفاده از اینترنت و اوقات فراغت فعال، بین استفاده از اینترنت و اوقات فراغت غیرفعال، بین استفاده از ماهواره و اوقات فراغت غیرفعال، بین استفاده از اینترنت و اوقات فراغت سنتی، بین استفاده از ماهواره و اوقات فراغت سنتی، رابطه معکوس و بین استفاده از اینترنت و اوقات فراغت سنتی- مدرن، بین استفاده از ماهواره و اوقات فراغت سنتی- مدرن، رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین بین استفاده از ماهواره و اوقات فراغت فعال، رابطه وجود ندارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
549 - تبیین اوقات فراغت جوانان به عنوان مکانیزمی برای کاهش مصرف مواد مخدر (مطالعه تطبیقی در بین جوانان معتاد و غیرمعتاد در استان خراسان شمالی)
اسماعیل قربانی مریم شجاعی حسین فیض آبادیهدف تحقیق تبیین اوقات فراغت جوانان به عنوان عاملی مهم در زمینه کاهش گرایش آنان به اعتیاد مواد مخدر است که در سطح استان خراسان شمالی به صورت مقایسهای بین جوانان معتاد تحت پوشش مراکز ترک اعتیاد بهزیستی و سایر جوانان غیر معتاد صورت گرفته است.روش تحقیق پیمایشی بوده و برای Moreهدف تحقیق تبیین اوقات فراغت جوانان به عنوان عاملی مهم در زمینه کاهش گرایش آنان به اعتیاد مواد مخدر است که در سطح استان خراسان شمالی به صورت مقایسهای بین جوانان معتاد تحت پوشش مراکز ترک اعتیاد بهزیستی و سایر جوانان غیر معتاد صورت گرفته است.روش تحقیق پیمایشی بوده و برای جمعآوری دادهها از تکنیک پرسشنامه استفاده شده است. تحلیل دادهها با نرم افزار SPSS صورت گرفته است. نتایج نشان دادند:1- بطور معناداری افراد غیرمعتاد زمان بیشتری را به اوقات فراغت خود اختصاص داده اند.2- فعالیتهای اوقات فراغت جوانان معتاد در مقایسه با جوانان غیرمعتاد از تنوع بسیار کمتری برخوردار است.3- پایینبودن رضایتمندی جوانان معتاد از اوقات فراغت. 4-از کل وقت آزاد جوانان معتاد درصد کمی از آن به اوقات فراغت سپری میگردد. نهایتاً اینکه مشکلات اوقات فراغت از دیدگاه جوانان معتاد به ترتیب اهمیت عبارتند از ضعف برنامهریزی دولتی، مشکلات مالی، ضعیفبودن امکانات اوقات فراغت، عدم پیشبینی اماکن متناسب با نیازجوانان، ضعف برنامهریزی مناسب توسط خانواده Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
550 - Investigating Patterns of Spending Leisure Time with Emphasis on Physical Activities and Sport (Case Study: Female Teaching Staff, Students, and Office Staff at Ilam University)
Shamseddin Rezaei -
Open Access Article
551 - Is there any relation between time management skills with working life quality
mahboube soleimanpouromran -
Open Access Article
552 - Generation Gap and its Effective Socio-cultural Factors Involved among the Students of Andimeshk I.A.U
Hassan Arjmandi Mohsen Hassanpour Eshaq Arjomand Siapoush Bahareh Arjomand Siapoush -
Open Access Article
553 - The Effective Social Factors Influencing on the Attitude of Leisure Time among Female Students in Amol
Manouchehr Pahlavan Fatemeh Barzigar -
Open Access Article
554 - A Relationship between the Youth Life Style and Attitude to Artificial Drugs Consumption in Shirvan
Ibrahim Aman Abad Mohsen Salimi Aman Abad -
Open Access Article
555 - A Study on the Cultural Factors Among Ahwaz Coffee-Shop Youth
Mohammad Hassan Moghadas Jafari Karim Reza Doost Khadijeh Golbarian -
Open Access Article
556 - Investigating the Cross-sectional and Temporal Impacts of Residents' Happiness base on Urban Functions Evolution (Case Study of Mashhad)
Rostam saberifar ahmad khaliliniaThe purpose of this study was to determine the evolution of environmental and social performance of Mashhad metropolitan residents on the happiness of its residents. The metod research was descriptive and analytical, and the required data were obtained using the Oxford MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the evolution of environmental and social performance of Mashhad metropolitan residents on the happiness of its residents. The metod research was descriptive and analytical, and the required data were obtained using the Oxford Happiness Scale Questionnaire, which was rewritten to collect economic and social information and urban practices. The sample was 780 households in 155 neighborhoods of Mashhad. The collected data were analyzed using F and Chi-square and Hussman and Lemmer tests in SPSS software. The results showed that the eleven and twelve districts of Mashhad were in the first place with a score of 5.9 on the ladder of happiness and district three is at the lowest level with 0.5. Statistical tests also showed that the study areas had a significant difference in terms of happiness, but the happiness in each area did not change significantly over time. Finally, the values of F and X2 for the simultaneous test of cross-sectional and temporal constant effects were 10.7 and 308.5, respectively, indicating that there were constant effects for both regions and for each region over time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
557 - Narrative Analysis of Farhad and Shirin by Vahshi Bafghi based on Temporal Structure
jahangir safari محمود AghakhaniThe narrative system of "Farhad and Shirin" by Vahshi Bafghi's, tells the story of love between Shirin (lover and wife of Khosro Parviz) and Farhad (artist and idol maker) and is one of the poems that has a narrative and theatrical structure. The method of narration and MoreThe narrative system of "Farhad and Shirin" by Vahshi Bafghi's, tells the story of love between Shirin (lover and wife of Khosro Parviz) and Farhad (artist and idol maker) and is one of the poems that has a narrative and theatrical structure. The method of narration and storytelling in this system is such that the poet using the elements of the story; They create a different atmosphere, including narrative plot, character, dialogue, perspective and description. This research has been done with the aim of analyzing the elements of the story in this system in a descriptive-analytical manner. This narrative system expands based on the linear time of the narrative And events occur one after the other in a chain; In such a way that first a balanced situation is established, Then, with an accident, this situation changes and an unbalanced situation prevails in the poem. After mentioning the incidents, the narration reaches a balanced state and ends. In fact, this system consists of a chain and five narrative elements, which ultimately determine the fate of the main character. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
558 - Vehicle Routing Problem with a Time Window and Stochastic Demand and by Assuming a Competitor in Meeting the Customers' Demands
Behzad Ghasemi Ebrahim Mohammadipirlar Amir Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
559 - برنامه ریزی نیروی انسانی به روش زنجیره مارکوف (مطالعه موردی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد فیروزکوه)
ملیحه صحراییمقاله حاضر با هدف پیش بینی و تعیین عرضه خالص نیروی انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزکوه برای یک دوره معین انجام شده است. لذا به کمک تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات گذشته منابع انسانی، از روش مدل زنجیره مارکوف استفاده شده است و در نهایت تعداد نیروی انسانی، ورود و خروج و همچنین Moreمقاله حاضر با هدف پیش بینی و تعیین عرضه خالص نیروی انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزکوه برای یک دوره معین انجام شده است. لذا به کمک تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات گذشته منابع انسانی، از روش مدل زنجیره مارکوف استفاده شده است و در نهایت تعداد نیروی انسانی، ورود و خروج و همچنین کمبود و مازاد در هر یک از واحدها و پست های مختلف سازمانی برای 5 سال آینده ( از 1390 تا 1394) پیش بینی شده است و بدین ترتیب تصویر روشنی از وضعیت نیروی انسانی از لحاظ ارتقاء، تنزل، انتقال، استخدام و ترک خدمت کارکنان برای تصمیم گیری مدیران فراهم شده است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل کلیه کارکنان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فیروزکوه میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
560 - Effect of Milling Time on Hydrogen Desorption Properties of Nanocrystalline MgH2
Ali Motavalli Mohammad Rajabi Alireza Gholipoor -
Open Access Article
561 - Study of charge dynamic and breakdown phenomenon in insulating materials using a bipolar charge transport model
Imed Boukhris -
Open Access Article
562 - Evaluation and prediction of future vegetation status in Dasht-e Fahleh region of Fars province using Markov model
Mohammad Javad Behi Mohammad Hossein Mokhtari Gholamhossein Moradi Mohammad Ali Saremi NaeiniThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the temporal and spatial changes of vegetation in Mullah Fahleh of Firoozabad region of Fars province. The standard vegetation index data of Landsat 5, 7 and 8 satellites, the precipitation data and Palmer index, which are availa MoreThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the temporal and spatial changes of vegetation in Mullah Fahleh of Firoozabad region of Fars province. The standard vegetation index data of Landsat 5, 7 and 8 satellites, the precipitation data and Palmer index, which are available as a remote sensing product, were extracted for 1992 to 2020 from the Google Earth Engine. Markov chain method was used to predict future vegetation changes. Using data from 1992 and 2002, the model was first run for 2020 and based on its acceptable performance (the kappa index of 75%), prediction was extended to 2030. The results showed an improving trend in vegetation status, so that the dense cover will increase from 4% in the initial period to 19% in 2030. The results of this study can help rangeland managers in the region to better exploit the region's natural resources and prevent the destruction of this ecosystem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
563 - Satellite Monitoring of Daytime Land Surface Temperature (LST) of Jazmourian Catchment Using MODIS Sensor Products
behrooz abad - Bromand Salahi Koohzad Raispour masood moradiLand Surface Temperature (LST) is one of the most important variables that provides important information about the physical and chemical properties of the litosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere. Since this variable represents the first thermal reaction to environmental MoreLand Surface Temperature (LST) is one of the most important variables that provides important information about the physical and chemical properties of the litosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere. Since this variable represents the first thermal reaction to environmental changes, its analysis can provide valuable information to environmental scientists. In recent years, MODIS sensor data have been widely used to estimate LST. In the present study, MODIS sensor data (MOD11C3 & MYD11C3) were used to analyze the daytime LST on the Jazmourian basin (2003-2019). Extracted data were used after quality control and necessary processing to estimate daytime LST. Based on the results; LST values in the Jazmourian basin range from 20-55 °C and clearly follow the altitudes and latitudes. Seasonal analysis of the LST spatial distribution shows the winter and summer seasons with a range of 5-40 °C and 35-65 °C as the coldest and warmest seasons, respectively. Also in the monthly spatial distribution of LST, January and February had the lowest and June and July had the highest LST. The time series trend of LST anomaly indicates an increase of about 0.5 °C in the study period. Also, the spatial distribution of LST indicates the maximum of positive anomalies in the southwestern and central parts and the minimum of positive anomalies in the east of the basin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
564 - Detection and Transmission Process of Land Cover Time Series Using GIS and Remote Sensing Technology in Peripheral Areas (Case study: Kajor section)
Yousef darvishi Mohammad Einali Amineh AndjomshoaaThe ever-increasing population growth and subsequent horizontal expansion of villages has led to changes in land use, especially in protected areas, resulting in the destruction of natural areas. In order to make the best use of the land, it seems necessary to be aware MoreThe ever-increasing population growth and subsequent horizontal expansion of villages has led to changes in land use, especially in protected areas, resulting in the destruction of natural areas. In order to make the best use of the land, it seems necessary to be aware of the changes in land use and the nature of human use of the land, which can be done by revealing the changes in land use. Therefore, in order to protect this area, it is not only important to understand the human factors, but also the role of natural factors, including vegetation. In this research, Landsat satellite imagery was used in 7 time periods. EVI, DVI and NDVI indices were used to study and analyse the changes in vegetation in the study area. In the present study, based on the modelling objectives, the changes in forest cover in the study area were investigated using Landsat satellite images for the years 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2010, 2015 and 2017.The false colour images of the OLI sensor used were referenced to the panchromatic band using 20 ground control points and an appropriate RMSe (0.28) of the ground, then the images of the sensors MSS and TM were referenced using the image-to-image method with an RMSe of less than 0.5. In this context, the modelling of the transmission potential was performed using the learning algorithm based on the multilayer perceptron and the prediction of the changes for the best model was performed using the Markov chain. Subsequently, the accuracy of the modelling was evaluated using the statistics of hits, misses and false alarms. The results of the vegetation indicators study showed the improvement of the vegetation condition in the studied period. The results of the vegetation indicators study showed that the vegetation condition improved during the studied period. The study of land use also showed that with the current trend, the area without cover will decrease and the area with pasture and forest cover will increase. Therefore, the improvement in cover conditions can be attributed to the application of conservation measures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
565 - Economic Evaluation LTT-100A skidding system in upward
نجیبه Gilanipour حمید AryaIt is necessary to review and evaluate the operation of the system and determine appropriate methods forests due to topographic conditions are significant operational activities, products, transportation, and the road making the destructive activities of the Forest as t MoreIt is necessary to review and evaluate the operation of the system and determine appropriate methods forests due to topographic conditions are significant operational activities, products, transportation, and the road making the destructive activities of the Forest as the most expensive. In this study, Economic Evaluation to be considered LTT-100A skidding system upward. After field operation and time study, using the regression model, the model is proposed to predict skidding time. Among the components of each cycle skidding in Zetor, moving with load and moving empty most of the time per cycle and in the form of delays, technical delays included the most time. The model predicted the skidding time Zetor have meaningful skidding distance and slope. hourly production rate of 12/5 cubic meters per hour and the cost of producing these systems is achieved 119,795 rials per cubic meter. Because of the speed and its efficiency Zetor is low, thus in long intervals and in places where travel time is limited, use of this system is not recommended for skidding operations. But since the power of this machine is its high and rapid stabilization is done, the application of this system, is recommended to be combined with other systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
566 - Qualitative study of apricot varieties of Prunus armeniaca cv Shahroudi during different harvesting stages
jasim taha Jafar Hajilou Qolamreza dehghanToday, much attention is paid to the quality of fruits, including those of nuclear origin, with regard to their after-harvest life. The purpose of this research was to evaluate some of the qualitative traits during the final stages of growth and determine the time of ha MoreToday, much attention is paid to the quality of fruits, including those of nuclear origin, with regard to their after-harvest life. The purpose of this research was to evaluate some of the qualitative traits during the final stages of growth and determine the time of harvesting apricot of Shahroodi cultivar according to the time and market of consumption. Apricot fruits were harvested in 3 different time intervals (distance between each harvest and another three days). Experiment was conducted on randomized complete block design in three treatments (different stages of harvesting) and four replications (main tree species). The measured qualitative traits included total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C, fruit firmness, pH of fruit extract, phenol, flavonoid, total antioxidant capacity, anthocyanin, antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase) , Polyphenol oxidase) and total protein. All traits were significant at 5% level and changed during harvesting. Antioxidant enzymes increased during harvesting, except polyphenol oxidase, phenols and flavonoids decreased. According to the results, it seems that the best harvest time for this apricot is the second harvest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
567 - Effects of cold stress on Abscisic acid composition by examining the gene expression and non-enzymatic antioxidants changes of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum 'Red Cloud cultivar)
Niloofar Samadi Sakineh Saeidi Sar Hossein ABBASPOUR Nahid MasoudianTomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.) a main agricultural crops that is important in most countries including Iran. In this study, we investigated the SlNCED1 gene expression of biosynthetic Abscisic acid pathway by Real Time qRT-PCR and measured some of the physiological ch MoreTomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.) a main agricultural crops that is important in most countries including Iran. In this study, we investigated the SlNCED1 gene expression of biosynthetic Abscisic acid pathway by Real Time qRT-PCR and measured some of the physiological characteristics under cold stress. After fruiting, plants were placed under 2° and 4° C temperatures for 12 and 24 hours. Then, the fruits were collected for gene expression and measuring non-enzymatic antioxidant by DPPH and total phenols by Folin Ciocalteo. Results showed that the fruits at 4° C for 24 and 12 hours had more gene expression compared to other treatments. Also, non-enzymatic and total phenols had increased significantly at 2° C for 12 hours. Generally, since tomato Red Cloud cultivar belongs to tropical region, at temperatures below 12° C it is influenced by cold stress and, subsequently, it makes changes in gene expression and antioxidants to protect itself against stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
568 - Effect of pH pretreatment on growth and photosynthetic properties of cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. FS 18
Bahareh Abbasi shadman shokravi Mazyar Ahmadi Golsefidi Aryan Sateei elahe kiaeiIn the present study, the effects of pretreatment of time (24 and 96 hours) and pH (7 and 9) at extremely limited carbon dioxide concentration were studied on the exponential growth phase, photosynthetic pigments per cell, absorption shift of chlorophyll, structure and MoreIn the present study, the effects of pretreatment of time (24 and 96 hours) and pH (7 and 9) at extremely limited carbon dioxide concentration were studied on the exponential growth phase, photosynthetic pigments per cell, absorption shift of chlorophyll, structure and function of phycobilisome, the ratio of light harvesting to reaction center pigment, and the ratio of photosystem 1 to photosystem 2 in stigonematalean cyanobacterium Fischerella sp.FS 18. Results showed that pretreatments kept the exponential growth phase at both 24 and 96 hours and also under pHs 7 and 9. Contrary to the absorption peak of chlorophyll, cellular pigments showed no stable pattern regarding pretreatments. Phycobilisomes were the main point of treatment affects. The pattern of the rode part of phycobilisomes was the same at pretreatment reactions. The shift of phycocyanin was about 1 and phycoerythrin about 3. The highest rate of photosystem 1 to photosystem 2 ratio was observed at 24 hours and under neutral condition. This changed by the time and led to decreased efficiency of energy transport in photosynthesis system. The change in the phycobilisome operation may be a compensation mechanism to mitigate the degree of such a decrease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
569 - Interaction of harvest time and storage period on physiological and biochemical parameters of kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa cv. Gold)
Mahmoud Asadi somayeh Rohani Javad Fatahi moghadam Babak Babakhani Parvaneh RahdariProper harvesting time plays an important role in maintaining fruit quality during storage. Early or delayed harvesting results in unpleasant taste, inability to store and inappropriate appearance. In order to evaluate the effects of harvest time and storage period on p MoreProper harvesting time plays an important role in maintaining fruit quality during storage. Early or delayed harvesting results in unpleasant taste, inability to store and inappropriate appearance. In order to evaluate the effects of harvest time and storage period on physiological and biochemical parameters was conducted with three replications. Tests were carried out with four harvesting time (Based on the total soluble solids (TSS) index), i.e., 5, 6.5, 8 and 9.5 °Brix and four storage time, i.e., 0, 30, 60 and 90 days. Based on the experimental treatments, traits such as fruit juice, TSS, TA, TSS/TA ratio, starch and protein content, fruit pigments, phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, vitamin C, total sugar content and reducing sugars content in fruit were measured. The results showed that in all harvesting treatments, increasing the storage period significantly increased TSS, TA, protein content, total phenol, vitamin C, total sugar content, reducing sugar and antioxidant capacity. Chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents increased significantly with increasing harvest index and storage period. The results of this study showed that 60 and 90 days storage periods play an important role in increasing physiological and biochemical indices of kiwifruit (except traits such as fruit juice, starch content, TSS/TA ratio and superoxide dismutase activity) in all harvest treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
570 - Investigation of Gibberellin and harvesting time effect on germination of four important species Amaranthus L. weeds
محمد Alazmani مهلقا GhorbanliAmaranthus species is one of the most important plant species in Golestan Province which mainly are found in arable lands with spectrum of loam to clay, good permeability with highly nutrients. Four species of A. viridis, A. albus L., A. hybridus. L. and A. retroflexus MoreAmaranthus species is one of the most important plant species in Golestan Province which mainly are found in arable lands with spectrum of loam to clay, good permeability with highly nutrients. Four species of A. viridis, A. albus L., A. hybridus. L. and A. retroflexus are grouped as seeds with wide extension in different farmlands of Gospel, Soybean, Maize, watermelon, Melon and tomato, also in gardens, margins of barriers and barren are grown. This experiment had been carried out with applying harvested seeds in summer (July) and autumn (November) from mentioned species treated with temperature of 25±1ºC and 24 hours darkness and treatment with distilled water and 1000 ppm Gibberellin. Rate germination occurred in summer seeds of A. viridis with distilled water and the most germination also in this species caused at Gibberellin treatment. The lowest germination by percentage was observed in A. viridis autumn seeds and the most was observed at A. retroflexus with Gibberellin treatment. The highest influence of Gibberellin treatment 1000 ppm in summer seeds by of A. viridis with 46.7% and autumn seeds with 68.5% increase was observed. Generally A. viridis had better response to Gibberellin treatment and time prolonged of seed harvest, but these treatments has not any positive influence on increased germination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
571 - Influence of storage and package condition effects on seed germination of Matricaria chamomilla L.
Fazolaeh Safhikhani Mohammad Hassan Assareh Abbas Dehshiri ّFarshid HassaniMatricaria chamomilla L. is an annual plant belongs to Asteraceae family, which has been used and cultivated globally as an antioxidant and anti inflammation. This project was carried out to determine the best treatment of seed moisture content and storage temperature t MoreMatricaria chamomilla L. is an annual plant belongs to Asteraceae family, which has been used and cultivated globally as an antioxidant and anti inflammation. This project was carried out to determine the best treatment of seed moisture content and storage temperature to maintain maximum viability in addition to investigation impact of various coating package in seed storage. A factorial experiment was conducted in completely randomized design and rates of studied factors were 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days for time; 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13% for seed moisture; 10, 15, 20 and 25°C for storage temperature, aluminum and nano cottage for package. Increasing storage time caused reduction in seeds viability under high temperature and moisture condition. Whereas, in nano package (NP) it was lesser compared to aluminum package (AP). NP had better performance in most temperature and moisture rates. Germination percent (GP) was 95% in moisture of 5 and 7%, 25°C and 30 days. This treatment had 1 percent reduction after 6 months which was not significant. It seems that low moisture neutralized negative effect of rising temperature. Moisture of 9%, 25 °C and 30 days led to 84% of GP in both packages which reduced to 55 and 51% after 6 months in NP and AP, respectively. It can be suggested that moisture of 5 and 7% under 10 °C and NP is the best condition for chamomile seeds storage which maintain seeds viability for long-term. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
572 - Effect of harvesting time on quantity and quality of essential oil in Thymus lancifolius and T. armeniacus
zahra karimi dastgerdy Sadula Houshmand Abdulraman Mohmmad Kazem YousefzadehThymol and carvacrol are two valuable secondary metabolites which are importance in medicinal use. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different harvesting times (pre blooming, 50% in blooming and 100% in blooming) on quantity and quality of T. armeniacus and MoreThymol and carvacrol are two valuable secondary metabolites which are importance in medicinal use. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different harvesting times (pre blooming, 50% in blooming and 100% in blooming) on quantity and quality of T. armeniacus and T. lancifolius essential oil in pot experiment by using a completely randomized design in three replications during 2015 from Shahrekord University. The aerial parts of plants were collected in three times and the essential oils were extracted by hydro distillation (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by using GC/MS. . The results were showed that in full blooming stages of plants had the highest of essential oil yield. The highest content of thymol (62%) was obtained in pre blooming and citronelol (30%) in 50% and full blooming of T. lancifolius. The highest carvacrol (44-45%) were obtained in 50% and full blooming stage of T. armeniacus, respectively. In conclusion, the variation species and harvesting times of plants were affected on quality and the function of essential oils. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
573 - The effect of harvesting time on some phytochemical characteristics of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) medicinal plant leaves
Marziyeh Allahdadi Laleh MosharrafArtichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is a perennial plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It has a special place in the pharmaceutical and food industries all over the world. In order to evaluate some phytochemical characteristics of artichoke leaves at different growt MoreArtichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is a perennial plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It has a special place in the pharmaceutical and food industries all over the world. In order to evaluate some phytochemical characteristics of artichoke leaves at different growth stages, an experiment was conducted by using a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with three replications in Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources center during two consecutive years (2014-2015 and 2015-2016). In the second year, the leaves were collected at three growth stages: vegetative, heading and flowering in the second year. After harvesting, some quality factors such as their total phenolic content (Folin–Ciocalteu method), total flavonoids (Colorimetric Method of Aluminum Chloride), chlorogenic acid content (HPLC method) and antioxidant activity (DPPH free radical scavenging activity and reducing power) were measured. The results showed that the phytochemical and antioxidant properties of artichoke leaves were different at the three growth stages. The highest amount of phenolic content (76.25 mg GAE g-1 DW), total flavonoid (1.28 mg QE g-1 DW), chlorogenic acid content (2.25 % DM), DPPH (92.34 %) and reducing power (2.16) of methanolic extract was observed in heading stage. There was a positive and significant correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Also, the relationship between chlorogenic acid content and DPPH and reducing power was positive and significant. According to the results, the harvesting of artichoke leaves at the heading stage is better than other growth stages due to their favorable characteristics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
574 - Effect of growth time on ZnO thin films prepared by low-temperature chemical bath deposition on PS substrate
Reza Shabannia Nima Naderi -
Open Access Article
575 - Effect of growth time on ZnO thin films prepared by low temperature chemical bath deposition on PS substrate
Reza Shabannia Nima Naderi -
Open Access Article
576 - تاثیر استفاده از فناوری چند رسانه ای در کلاس های انگلیسی بر تقویت خودپنداره زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی
Vahdat Karimi Mohammad Alipour Sajad Shafieeپژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر احتمالی استفاده از چند رسانه ای در کلاس های زبان انگلیسی بر رشد خودپنداره زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی انجام شد. بدین منظور، 80 دانشآموز زبان انگلیسی به روش نمونهگیری کوواریانس از بین کلیه دانشآموزان پسر دبیرستان انگلیسی شهر اهواز انتخاب و ب Moreپژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر احتمالی استفاده از چند رسانه ای در کلاس های زبان انگلیسی بر رشد خودپنداره زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی انجام شد. بدین منظور، 80 دانشآموز زبان انگلیسی به روش نمونهگیری کوواریانس از بین کلیه دانشآموزان پسر دبیرستان انگلیسی شهر اهواز انتخاب و به طور مساوی به دو گروه آزمایش (40 نفر) و کنترل (40 نفر) تقسیم شدند. برای جمع آوری داده های مورد نیاز برای اهداف پژوهش از پرسشنامه خودپنداره چن و تامپسون (2004) استفاده شد. سپس بر اساس روش های شبه آزمایشی، پیش آزمون و پس آزمون، داده های استخراج شده با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و تحلیل کوواریانس مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج بهدستآمده نشان داد که استفاده از چندرسانهای در آموزش تأثیر معناداری بر خودپنداره زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی دارد. این یافته ها پیامدهایی برای آموزش زبان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی دارد. اول، استفاده از فناوری چندرسانه ای به روز باید بیش از پیش در مدارس، موسسات زبان و دانشگاه ها تشویق شود. دوم، علاقه، آمادگی و تخصص معلمان برای استفاده از امکانات چندرسانه ای باید قبل از انتصاب آنها به عنوان مدرس زبان انگلیسی ارزیابی شود. در نهایت باید زمینه های مناسب برای اجرای فناوری چندرسانه ای در محیط های آموزشی فراهم شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
577 - Exploring Effects and Learner Attitudes of Gadget-Based Internet Multimedia Reading
Hani Mansooji Ahmad Mohseni Alireza Ameri -
Open Access Article
578 - Effects of Textually-Enhanced Reading Tasks and Strategic Pre-Task Planning on Learning English Passive Voice
Ali Shafaei -
Open Access Article
579 - Impact of Using YouTube Videos on Iranian Intermediate Male and Female EFL Learners' Listening Skill Development
Rahmatolah Mostajeran Omid Tabatabaei -
Open Access Article
580 - Finite Time Back-Stepping Algorithm to Control Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Speed
Nazanin Seyed Gogani vahid behnamgol Seyed Mahdi Hakimi Ghasem Derakhshan -
Open Access Article
581 - Improvement of Quality Specifications of Light-Emitting Diodes based on the Photonic Crystals
Ali Kian -
Open Access Article
582 - Investigating the effect of educational management knowledge on school principals’ decision-making power
faranak mosavi The aim of this study was to Investigating the effect of educational managementknowledge on school principals’ decision-making power in Kamyaran.The method of the present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population ofthe study include More The aim of this study was to Investigating the effect of educational managementknowledge on school principals’ decision-making power in Kamyaran.The method of the present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population ofthe study includes all school principals of (urban) schools in Kamyaran city in the school year1398-99, the total number of which is 62 people. Due to the limited statistical population of theresearch and the availability of all members of the statistical population, all members were selectedas the research sample. Therefore, the sample size is equal to the statistical population of the studyand the census method is performed. To collect data, the standard questionnaire for measuring theknowledge of educational management (Ahanchian and Zohoor parvande, 2009) and the standardquestionnaire of decision-making power (Johnson and Krauss, 2009) were used. Pearsoncorrelation coefficient, linear regression and F-test were used to analyze statistical data.Findings and research results showed; Knowledge of educational management has a significantand positive effect on the correctness, accuracy, timeliness and economics of school principals'decisions. Therefore, the decision-making of school principals who have educational managementknowledge is more correctness, accurate, timely and economical than the decision-making of otherprincipals.The final result of the present study confirmed the significant effect of educationalmanagement knowledge on the principals' decision-making power of school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
583 - Surveying the role of free time in female student’s time management at high schools
Ahmad Askari -
Open Access Article
584 - Introduction to the development of water structures and the use of waterways in the Achaemenid civilization
Eskandar Mombeini Shokooh Sadat Arabi Hashemi Ahmad KamranifarIranians in the Achaemenid period with the conquest of the Babylonian and Lady empires and access to one of the most important economic regions of the ancient world, Mesopotamia and the eastern shores of the Mediterranean and Egypt, inherited a thousand years of maritim MoreIranians in the Achaemenid period with the conquest of the Babylonian and Lady empires and access to one of the most important economic regions of the ancient world, Mesopotamia and the eastern shores of the Mediterranean and Egypt, inherited a thousand years of maritime experience of different ethnic groups in these areas and to strengthen this heritage. Precious took effective steps; Most of these measures were taken to facilitate maritime trade and the use of sea routes. Sending a naval exploration team to the Persian Gulf, the Indian Ocean, and the Red Sea, began digging the Suez Canal in 497 BC. The connection of the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea through the construction of a large waterway in Egypt and the construction of ports and the formation of a large fleet of warships and support ships is part of the extensive commercial, economic and military actions and program of the Achaemenids, especially Darius I and shows that the Achaemenids They are aware of the strategic importance of water areas and their military and economic role in these areas. The main purpose of this article is to examine the position of these areas from a military and economic perspective and its effect on the short-term and long-term policies of the Achaemenid government. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
585 - Impact of Economic-Social Development on Air Quality in the Middle East Countries
masoumeh motallebi Reza Najarzade Lotfali AgheliThis research mainly aims to investigate the effect of economic-social development on air quality in Middle East countries. For this purpose, the effects of Socio-economic Development indicators and natural resource utilization indicators are examined as one of the main MoreThis research mainly aims to investigate the effect of economic-social development on air quality in Middle East countries. For this purpose, the effects of Socio-economic Development indicators and natural resource utilization indicators are examined as one of the main drivers of growth and development in the Middle East on Sulfur dioxide emission as an indicator for air quality. Since air pollution is a stable occurrence over time, the time-varying coefficient panel data model during the time period 2000-2019 is used to examine the impact of variables on Sulfur dioxide emissions. The results show that human capital, per capita income, and innovation have the greatest impact on the increase in Sulfur dioxide emissions, but resource usage indicators, especially the consumption of fossil fuels, lead to a decrease in Sulfur dioxide emissions. In fact, given the low use of renewable energy in the Middle East, energy consumption is mainly based on carbon sources. Thus, it is necessary to use environmental technologies and innovations instead of technology-based activities to control this issue in order to achieve sustainable economic growth and development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
586 - The Analysis of Pricing Behavior of Firms in the Iranian Economy, Applying Wavelet Transforms Method
Pooya MohammadMehdi Reza Najarzade Hassan HeydariThis paper investigates the adaptability of (TDP) models for pricing patterns in Iranian economy. For this purpose, price sub-indexes monthly time-series in the period of 2014(4) to 2017(11) are used. Moreover, appropriate wavelet transformation method is applied to ext MoreThis paper investigates the adaptability of (TDP) models for pricing patterns in Iranian economy. For this purpose, price sub-indexes monthly time-series in the period of 2014(4) to 2017(11) are used. Moreover, appropriate wavelet transformation method is applied to extract pricing patterns from the time-series. Based on our findings, firstly heterogeneity is observed between pricing patterns of distinct groups of goods and services significantly which is inconsistent with (TDP) models assumption about the random distribution of price changing signals. Secondly, the pricing patterns changes over time which does not match with the assumption of uniform distribution of random signal during the time. As a result, the (TDP) models are not able to explain the pricing behavior patterns of the Iranian economy and the alternative approaches such as state-dependent pricing or rationally inattentive methods can be applied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
587 - Effect of Shock Factors Affecting Financial Crises in Iran's Economy: Autoregressive Vector Models Variable-Time Parameters
ozra bayani teimur mohammadi javid bahrami Hossein TavakolianThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of shocks on factors affecting financial crises in Iran's economy. In this study 62 explanatory variables were introduced into the model between 1370: 1 and 1395: 4 and, using the Bayesian averaging model approach MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of shocks on factors affecting financial crises in Iran's economy. In this study 62 explanatory variables were introduced into the model between 1370: 1 and 1395: 4 and, using the Bayesian averaging model approach, 12 non-critical variables that were effective on the financial crisis were identified. According to the results of the results, it can be stated that the financial crisis index in Iran's economy is a multi-dimensional problem, as variables related to fiscal policy; monetary policy and foreign exchange policy affect this index. Based on the results of the Autoregressive Vector Models Variable-Time Parameters, it was also observed that the effect of selected variables on financial crises in Iran over the course of time has had different effects and in recent years the intensity of the effect of selected variables has been strengthened. One of the fundamental solutions is that policies that reduce inflation uncertainty, such as the fiscal and monetary discipline of the government and the central bank, reduce crisis expectations by stabilizing the currency and currency markets can reduce crisis uncertainty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
588 - Analyzing the Determinants of Housing Prices in Tehran City
mirhosein mousavi hosein doroodianAbstract In this paper, the factors affecting house prices have been studied in Tehran during 1991-2007. After combining the parameters and variables, land prices, construction costs, interest rates, per capita residential buildings completed, money supply and the retu MoreAbstract In this paper, the factors affecting house prices have been studied in Tehran during 1991-2007. After combining the parameters and variables, land prices, construction costs, interest rates, per capita residential buildings completed, money supply and the returns in alternative markets are considered as theoretical determinants of housing prices, in which their effects should be tested and measured. Besides these factors, a component of unobserved or implicit trend including technical performance, preferences and non-economic factors is considered in the model. In order to estimate the model, a structural time series is used. This model has the capability to specify the regression equation of state - space and Kalman filter algorithm and the maximum likelihood method to estimate unknown parameters. The results have reflected the negative impact of real interest rates, returns on alternative assets such as gold, foreign exchange, equities, per capita residential buildings completed and the positive impact of construction costs. But, M2 is weak and insignificant. Strong relationship between land prices and housing prices identified seem to bo a simultaneous movement of two variable rather than a causal relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
589 - Investigation on the formation of a past tense verb in the Gilaki dialect of East Gilan (Lahijan and Siahkal counties)
shokrallah pouralkhas sima rezaei payam foroghiradThe verb is the core center of the sentence, and since, in the morphology issue, it can be independently mentioned that the verb is emphasized over the syntax. In this research, the study of the creation of a past tense verb in the Gilan dialect, the dialect of East Gil MoreThe verb is the core center of the sentence, and since, in the morphology issue, it can be independently mentioned that the verb is emphasized over the syntax. In this research, the study of the creation of a past tense verb in the Gilan dialect, the dialect of East Gilan (centered on Lahijan and Sichkal cities), is considered. The pronunciation and manner of the dialect saying of this region are reflected. The purpose of this study is to accurately describe and define the exact verb structure in the Gilaki dialect of the East of Guilan. Therefore, efforts are being made to discuss such topics as the construction and functioning of the verb, the current identifiers, the signs of negation, prohibition, continuity in the Gilaki dialect of the East of Gilan (Lahijan and Siahkal counties) will be presented in a precise and scientific description; for this purpose, simple, used and closely related phrasal verbs are used; it should be said that Gilaki dialect of the East of Gilan (Lahijan and Siahkal) and Persian are different in terms of aspect and appearance, and there are many phonetic, structural and lexical differences Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
590 - The Effect of 24-Hour Sleep Deprivation on Reaction time, Working Memory, and Attention in College Students
Iman Ghanbari moslem sharifyAbstract:Sleep is one of the basic human needs that is regulated by homeostatic and circadian processes. The aim of this research is the effect of 24 hours of sleep deprivation on reaction time, working memory and attention in college students. The statistical populatio MoreAbstract:Sleep is one of the basic human needs that is regulated by homeostatic and circadian processes. The aim of this research is the effect of 24 hours of sleep deprivation on reaction time, working memory and attention in college students. The statistical population of the research is all male students of Islamic Azad University, Babol branch. 180 male students who were between 19 and 25 years old volunteered (available sampling) to cooperate with the present research; Among them, 64 people were selected as a statistical sample after initial screenings. The subjects were randomly divided into two control (n=32) and experimental (n=32) groups. The experimental group experienced 24 hours of sleep deprivation. Then from both groups simple and selective reaction time tests, working memory (N-back=1,2) and attention. In order to analyze the data, analysis of covariance and one-way ANCOVA statistical method were used. The results showed that 24 hours of sleep deprivation had no effect on simple and selective retrieval time, working memory (1-back) and selective attention, but there was a significant decrease on working memory (2-back) and divided and sustained attention. Therefore, it can be said that sleep deprivation has a negative effect on some components related to sports performance and causes a decline in sports performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
591 - Comparison of Loading Rate, Time to Stability and Impulse between Middle and Side Defense Blockers Players during Landing in Volleyball Block Skill
Ali Fatahi Razieh Yousefian Molla Mitra AmeliPurpose: The three kinetic factors of loading rate, time to stability and impulse during landing are of the great importance for volleyball players, but so far there has been no research comparing these important factors among volleyball game’s position, especiall MorePurpose: The three kinetic factors of loading rate, time to stability and impulse during landing are of the great importance for volleyball players, but so far there has been no research comparing these important factors among volleyball game’s position, especially the players of side and middle defense blockers Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the loading rate, time to stability and impulse between the the middle and side defense blockers during landing in volleyball block skill. Methods: 18 young elite professional male volleyball players in two groups, including 9 middle players and 9 side players, separately performed three vertical jumps on the force plate. The participants' landing kinetic data, i.e. loading rate, time to stability and impulse, were analyzed directly from the force plate outputs. Independent t-test was used to analyze and compare research variables between two groups. Results: despite the fact that the average time to stability was higher in the middle players and the average loading rate and impulse was higher in the side players, no statistically significant difference was observed in the variables of the two groups (P˂0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: volleyball players of the different position demonstrates similar behavior in selected biomechanical variables of landing of the bock defense skill. Considering biomechanics variables among the different game’s positions is a valuable tools to find out details and specific features of athletes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
592 - Investigation of Parameters Affecting Surface Integrity and Material Removal during Electrical Discharge Machining of HARDOX-400 Steel
Hesam Motevasseli Ahmad Afsari Ali Khosravifard -
Open Access Article
593 - A Mathematical Model for Determining the Optimal Production Lot Size of Multiple Products on a Machine
Ayub Rahimzadeh -
Open Access Article
594 - Effects of Shot Peening Angle and Time on Microstructure and Wear Behavior of AZ31 Alloy
Seyyed Nabi Al-din Sharifi-Shirmardi Reza Abedinzadeh -
Open Access Article
595 - Optimal Trajectory Planning for an Industrial Mobile Robot using Optimal Control Theory
Pouya Mallahi Kolahi Masoud Mosayebi -
Open Access Article
596 - Experimental Study of Packing Time and Melt Temperature Effects on Shrinkage of a Thin Sheet Made of Wood-HDPE Composite
Siavash Sobhani Nathan Jafarian Jam -
Open Access Article
597 - Solving Group Scheduling Problem in No-wait Flow Shop with Sequence Dependent Setup Times
Abolfazl Adressi Reza Bashirzadeh Vahid Azizi Saeed Tasouji Hassanpour -
Open Access Article
598 - Solving the Problem of Scheduling Unrelated Parallel Machines with Limited Access to Jobs
Mohammadreza Naghibi Abolfazl Adressi -
Open Access Article
599 - Investigating the relationship between investors' sentiments and excess returns in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Ali Habibi Saber Habibi savad kohiThe purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between investor sentiments and excess returns in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The geographical area of this research was the companies accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange and the time area MoreThe purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between investor sentiments and excess returns in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The geographical area of this research was the companies accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange and the time area was the years between 2014 and 2019. The current research is in the category of applied research, if the classification of types of research based on nature and method is considered, the current research method is in the category of descriptive research in terms of nature, and in terms of method, it is considered in the category of cause and effect research. In this research, the library method was used to collect data and information. In the data section, the research was done by collecting the data of the sample companies by referring to the financial statements, explanatory notes and the stock exchange monthly. Based on the systematic elimination method, 107 companies were selected as a statistical sample. Multivariate regression test was used to confirm and reject the research hypotheses (Eviews software). The summary of the research results showed that there is a significant relationship between investors' sentiments and excess returns in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
600 - Adaptive control of nonlinear time delay systems in the presence of output constraints
Fatemeh Mohammadzamani Mahnaz Hashemi Ghazanfar ShahgholianControlling systems in industrial processes are subject to problems such as the limitation of system signals, the uncertainties of parameters, the time delay and the failure of actuators. The design of the controller, which can satisfy the constraints, counteract and om MoreControlling systems in industrial processes are subject to problems such as the limitation of system signals, the uncertainties of parameters, the time delay and the failure of actuators. The design of the controller, which can satisfy the constraints, counteract and omit these effects, has attracted much attention.On the other hand, the issue of time delay is so serious and effective, which can make the system unstable and disrupt the process. Many of the devices in the systems, such as sensors and actuators, may be defective. The important thing is that any of the above or even system parameters may be uncertain. Identifying, estimating and fixing the destructive effects of the problems mentioned by the controller of the system.The proposed method of control for nonlinear systems in the presence of an uncertain parameters, delay and faults in actuators. There is no need to limit the parameters, delays, and fault of the actuators. This comparative method is capable of guaranteeing the overall boundary of all closed-loop system signals and the convergence of tracking errors to a small neighborhood around the origin. At the end, the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control method Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
601 - Identification of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Patients Using Wavelet-Based Features of EEG Signals
Sahar Karimi Shahraki Mahdi KhezriAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurological and psychiatric disorder which causes to attention deficit, anxiety, hyperactivity and impulsive behaviors. ADHD is more common in children and directly leads to their learning disability. The aim of this MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurological and psychiatric disorder which causes to attention deficit, anxiety, hyperactivity and impulsive behaviors. ADHD is more common in children and directly leads to their learning disability. The aim of this study was to accurately identify ADHD patients by using wavelet-based features of brain signals (EEG). Recorded EEG signals from 61 children with ADHD (diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria) and 60 healthy controls in the age range of 7-12 years were used to design the system. In the proposed method by applying wavelet transform, EEG signals were decomposed into subbands; for the time version of the signals in each subband, the temporal and statistical features were calculated. The reduced feature set by principal component analysis (PCA) method was then used to train the classification unit to identify ADHD patients from healthy individuals. To obtain the desired results, different types of wavelet functions and decomposition levels were investigated. The bior3.1 wavelet function with the support vector machine (SVM) classifier and the rbio1.1 wavelet function with the k-nearest neighbor (kNN) classifier presented the best performance with the recognition accuracy of 98.33% and 99.17%, respectively. The SVM classification method with radial basis kernel function (RBF) and the kNN method with the number of nearest neighbors, k = 3 obtained the best results.The results obtained in this study compared to the results reported in previous studies showed at least a 2% improvement in the recognition accuracy of ADHD patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
602 - Electricity load forecasting using hybrid models based on Multi-Layer Perceptrons Neural Network and Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average models
Fateme Chahkoutahi Mehdi KhasheiNowadays, saving time and economy of each country requires proper planning, decision making, and rational forecasts in different areas. One of the most well-known areas that has received a lot of attention is electricity forecasting. The features of the electricity whic MoreNowadays, saving time and economy of each country requires proper planning, decision making, and rational forecasts in different areas. One of the most well-known areas that has received a lot of attention is electricity forecasting. The features of the electricity which makes it distinguished from other commodities are the impossibility of storing it and the existence of seasonality and nonlinear and ambiguity pattern in electricity data set. These features of the electricity makes it more difficult to forecast using traditional methods. Therefore, in this paper, a parallel optimal hybrid model using seasonal linear and nonlinear methods is proposed to forecast the electricity load forecasting. The main idea of this model is the use of the advantages of individual models in the modeling of complex systems in a structure, simultaneously. Experimental results indicate that in this method due to the use of a direct weighting method, the computational cost of modeling it is significantly lower than other parallel hybrid methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
603 - Investigation of Using Anti-Reflecting Coatings in CZTS Solar Cells to Enhance the Light Absorption: Optimization by FDTD Method
Mina Mirzaei Javas Hasanzadeh Ali Abdolahzadeh Ziabari Mehdi MirzaeiIn the few past years, Solar cells based on Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) are very promising thin-film solar cells due to their appropriate absorption coefficient and optical band gap, low-cost, non-radioactive and environmental friendly behavior. However, CZTS devices show poor eff MoreIn the few past years, Solar cells based on Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) are very promising thin-film solar cells due to their appropriate absorption coefficient and optical band gap, low-cost, non-radioactive and environmental friendly behavior. However, CZTS devices show poor efficiency and identifying deficiencies and making improvements is necessary. In the present study, various anti-reflection coatings at the top surface of the solar cell were proposed. Minimization of the reflectance is carried out to optimize the thickness of ARC layers using Lumerical software. The density of the short-circuit photocurrent increases from 18.4 mA.cm−2 for solar cells without an antireflection coating to 36 mA.cm−2 for those with MgF2 layer coating. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
604 - Neural Adaptive Robust Finite-Time Control of Tractor-Trailer Wheeled Mobile Robot via Input-Output Feedback Linearization Technique
Maliheh Kazemipour Khoshnam ShojaeiThe reference trajectory tracking is one of the most important issues in the field of tractor-trailer wheeled mobile robots control. In this paper, thetrajectory tracking control issues of a tractor-trailer wheeled mob­ile robot has been significantly solved in the MoreThe reference trajectory tracking is one of the most important issues in the field of tractor-trailer wheeled mobile robots control. In this paper, thetrajectory tracking control issues of a tractor-trailer wheeled mob­ile robot has been significantly solved in the presence of structural uncertainties,non-hol­o­­n­o­mic constraints and external disturbance. The proposed scheme is based on a design that the tractor-trailer’s state space representation is extracted from its dynamic and ki­n­­e­matic models and presented ina companion format first. In the following,by considering the state space representation of system, the control algorithm is presented includingtwo external and internal control loops. Toward this end, the control law has been developed in the inner loop via input-output feedback linearization in a nonlinear feedback formwh­i­­ch is continuously eliminating the nonlinear dynamics of the system. Then,by using a comb­ination of the output that is pr­o­duced in linearization steps with a terminal sliding mode control algorithm and sketching a neural robust ad­aptive finite time controller in the outer loop, the accurate and fast performance of the closed loop system has been guar­a­nteed in the presence of uncertainties. The proposed control algorithmfinally guarantees the boundedness of closed-loop signals and accurate finite time convergence of tracking errors. At the end, the effectiveness of the proposed sch­eme has been demo­nstrated and shown through the extended Lyapunov theorem and simulated by MATLAB application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
605 - Dynamical Analysis and Finite-Time Fast Synchronization of a Novel Autonomous Hyper-Chaotic System
Javad Mostafaee Saleh Mobayen Behrouz Vaseghi Mohammad VahediThis paper constructs a new complex hyper-chaotic system with attractive coexisting dynamic behaviors. We analyze the hyper-chaotic attractors, equilibrium points, Poincaré maps, Kaplan-York dimension, and Lyapunov exponent behaviors. The characteristics of hyper MoreThis paper constructs a new complex hyper-chaotic system with attractive coexisting dynamic behaviors. We analyze the hyper-chaotic attractors, equilibrium points, Poincaré maps, Kaplan-York dimension, and Lyapunov exponent behaviors. The characteristics of hyper-chaotic systems include higher complexity, higher parametric resistance and sensitivity to very small changes in initial conditions. We prove that the introduced hyper–chaotic system is much more complex than the similar hyper-chaotic systems, that can suitable for use in encryption and secure communication. Next, the work describes a fast terminal sliding mode controller scheme for the fast synchronization and stability of the new complex hyper–chaotic system. It is shown that by applying uncertainty to the system, both steps of the sliding mode control have finite-time convergence properties. Next, a comparison will be made between a newly designed controller and a similar. Finally, using the MATLAB simulation, the results are confirmed for the new system. The results shown that the new hyper-chaotic system with many adsorbents is much more complex than similar systems, and the proposed controller has a faster convergence response than the similar controller. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
606 - Synchronization of Delayed Fractional Order Chaotic Systems Based on Controller with Non-Linear Fractional Order PID Structure
Mohammad Rasouli Assef Zare Majid HallajiIn this paper, a new control approach for robust synchronization of chaotic systems with uncertainty, unknown parameters such as indefinite time delay and external disturbances is presented. Uncertain time delay as an important factor that increases the complexity of th MoreIn this paper, a new control approach for robust synchronization of chaotic systems with uncertainty, unknown parameters such as indefinite time delay and external disturbances is presented. Uncertain time delay as an important factor that increases the complexity of the control problem and overcoming it is stated in this article. By using the structure of nonlinear proportional-integral-derivative control­lers of fractional order, a sliding surface of fractional order has been introduced to design the control strategy of the said sliding mode. Then, using Lyapunov's theory, robust adaptive rules are designed in such a way that the estimation error of the unknown parameters of the fractional order system with an indefinite time delay tends to zero by the proposed control mechanism. Also, by using Lyapunov stability standard the stability analysis of the proposed robust control approach has been proved. Finally, the performance evaluation of the proposed mechanism, the synchronization of two Jerk chaotic systems with uncertainty along an indefinite time delay and disturbance, has been simulated by the presented control approach, the results of which show the robust and favorable performance of the simulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
607 - Design and Implementation of an Intelligent High Frequency Counter with Optimized Architecture on a Low Cost FPGA Chip XC6SLX9-2FTG256C
Sayyed Hossein Keyhomayoon Mehdi AmoonIn this paper, a 2 GHz counter is implemented on a low-cost XC6SLX9-2FTG256C field-programmable gate array (FPGA) chip from the Spartan6 family with a 500 ps resolution. Since the hardware resources contained in this chip are not sufficient to implement this design, and MoreIn this paper, a 2 GHz counter is implemented on a low-cost XC6SLX9-2FTG256C field-programmable gate array (FPGA) chip from the Spartan6 family with a 500 ps resolution. Since the hardware resources contained in this chip are not sufficient to implement this design, and also the inherent delays of the hardware resources inside the chip are about few nanoseconds, achieving this accuracy is very important. The architecture used in this research is based on the phase difference clocks that has been implemented after optimization. To achieve this accuracy, it is necessary to design and implement counters with high clock frequency, low jitter and low skew, without dependence on hold time and setup time. Alternative hardware resources have also been used to compensate for the lack of hardware resources required to implement routing clocks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
608 - Design and Simulation of Ultra-Low-Power Sigma-Delta Converter Using the Fully Differential Inverter-Based Amplifier for Digital Hearing Aids Application
Shima Alizadeh Zanjani Abumoslem Jannesari Pooya TorkzadehIn this paper, an ultra-low-power, second-order, discrete-time sigma-delta converter is proposed for hearing aids application. In portable biomedical devices such as hearing aids that permanently use, the battery lifetime and power dissipation are very considerable. In MoreIn this paper, an ultra-low-power, second-order, discrete-time sigma-delta converter is proposed for hearing aids application. In portable biomedical devices such as hearing aids that permanently use, the battery lifetime and power dissipation are very considerable. In a typical delta-sigma modulator, the OTAs are the most power-consuming parts. The OTAs elimination in the converters is now challenging. Therefore the converter with a self-biased fully differential inverter-based amplifier was designed with only 1.15 µw static power dissipation at a 1-volt power supply. The inverter-based amplifier was used instead of the OTAs in two stages of the modulator. The modulator’s structure is CIFB, single-loop, and single bit. The proposed differential modulator was designed and simulated using a standard 180 nm CMOS technology, which obtained SFDR and SNDR of 95.2878 dB and 64.004 dB, respectively. The sampling frequency is considered 2.56 MHz, and the input signal bandwidth is 10kHz. The modulator consumes power just about 5.1091 µW, and the FOMW achieves 0.197 pj/step. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
609 - Reliable Relay Node Selection to Real-Time Messaging in Vehicular Networks
Yaser Taj Bahador BakhshiSareskanrood Hessam ZandHessamiOne of the intelligent transportation systems' goals is to improve safety and increase the quality of service on road journeys. Transmitting the message in critical situations with minimal delay and on time is essential for ensuring the health and safety of citizens on MoreOne of the intelligent transportation systems' goals is to improve safety and increase the quality of service on road journeys. Transmitting the message in critical situations with minimal delay and on time is essential for ensuring the health and safety of citizens on road trips. Frequent topological changes pose significant challenges to the operation of safety programs and reduce the probability of sending critical messages in real-time. This article proposes the reliable relay node selection to real-time messaging (RRRM) routing algorithm to increase the reliability of sending real-time messages in vehicular networks. To expedite the transmission of information, by introducing three indicators for selecting intermediate vehicles entitled "Record of vehicle displacement", "Similarity of vehicle velocity with the velocity average of neighbor vehicles", and "Amount of trusty adjacent vehicles", the route vehicles are scored. The worthiest vehicles are selected as members of the route. RRRM measures the temporal conformity of the vehicles' previous presence in the current route and the stability of their connection with neighboring vehicles. It avoids route failure, increased delays, and failure to send critical messages to the destination by preventing the selection of unreliable vehicles as relays. Extensive simulations with multiple scenarios in the NS-3 and SUMO demonstrate the superiority of the RRRM in reducing route-failure, mean latency, and control overload, as well as increasing packet delivery rates in urban and highway environments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
610 - Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems in the presence of Actuator Failures
mahnaz hashemiThis paper presents an adaptive state feedback control scheme for a class of nonlinear systems with unknown parameters, variable control gains and in the presence of unknown time varying actuator failures. The designed controller compensates unknown loss of effectivenes MoreThis paper presents an adaptive state feedback control scheme for a class of nonlinear systems with unknown parameters, variable control gains and in the presence of unknown time varying actuator failures. The designed controller compensates unknown loss of effectiveness failures as well as unknown time varying stuck failures in actuators. The considered actuator failure can cover most failures that may occur in actuators of the practical systems. The proposed adaptive controller is constructed based on a backstepping design method. Appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals are introduced to design new adaptive laws to compensate the unknown actuator failures and unknown parameters. The offered method ensures the asymptotic output tracking and the boundedness of all the closed-loop signals. The proposed design approach is employed for a wing rock control of an aircraft in the presence of time varying actuator failures. The simulation results verify the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed adaptive control method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
611 - Self-tuning Fuzzy PID Controller for Load Frequency Control in AC Micro-grid with Considering of Input Delay
Rohollah Shahedi Kamel Sabahi Mehdi Tavan Amin HajizadehA micro grid (MG) system that benefits from distributed generation (DG) resources has a non-linear and time-varying nature which encounters the control problem with some difficulties. Also, due to the fact that in the most MG systems the frequency controllers are centra MoreA micro grid (MG) system that benefits from distributed generation (DG) resources has a non-linear and time-varying nature which encounters the control problem with some difficulties. Also, due to the fact that in the most MG systems the frequency controllers are centralized in the control room and, the DGs are located at distances from the control room, the occurrence of delay is undeniable and it should be considered in the design of the controller. For this purpose, a self-tuning fuzzy PID controller has been designed for load frequency control in a MG system in the presence of delay. The designed fuzzy PID controller is a nonlinear controller and can handle the nonlinearities. To deal with the delay in the input of the system, the Ziegler-Nichols like criteria has been utilized to derive the adaptive mechanism which tunes the scaling factors according to the maximum amount of delay in the online manner. The proposed self-tuning fuzzy PID controller has been applied for load frequency control of a time-delay MG system and the simulation results have been compared with the results of fixed structure fuzzy PID controller. The simulation results indicate the efficiency of the proposed controllers in dealing with time-varying delay. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
612 - Switching Circuit Designing for High-Power Synchronous Buck Converters: An Experimental Approach
Mazdak Ebadi Mohammad Amin Bahramian Ali Asghar GhadimiNon-isolated buck converters are well-known solutions for producing controllable DC voltage at medium and high-power levels. Meanwhile, synchronous converters have received a lot of attention due to the non-dependence of the voltage conversion ratio on the load and the MoreNon-isolated buck converters are well-known solutions for producing controllable DC voltage at medium and high-power levels. Meanwhile, synchronous converters have received a lot of attention due to the non-dependence of the voltage conversion ratio on the load and the continuity of the inductor current. But the switching of these converters takes place at higher power levels at lower frequencies. For this reason, the switching circuit must work with a higher dead time. In this article, an analog application circuit design without the use of a microcontroller is presented for the switching of the synchronous buck converter, which, while ensuring that pulses are not sent to the keys at the same time, the amount of dead time can be It provides a setting that can be changed according to the voltage level and current of the circuit. After analyzing the conditions at the moment of switching on and off of the circuit, it was found that at the moment of switching off, a destructive transient current is applied to the keys, which this article solves this issue by using two fast SSR relays in the path of the input signal to the gate module. The driver suggests that it has been tested on a prototype device. This article also mentions the requirements of the switching circuit by analyzing the conditions of the moment when the circuit is turned on and off, so that the transient damaging current does not pass through the IGBT. The results of experimental tests on a 15 kW synchronous buck DC/DC converter with an output of 300 V 50 amps show that the well-designed switching circuit creates an adjustable dead time of up to 6 microseconds in the switching of this converter and the continuity conditions It has provided the inductor current both in no load and under load. Also, the proposed method has well removed the transients of the circuit turning on and off. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
613 - Impact of Type and Impedance Value of Fault Current Limiters on the Transient Stability of the Power System Taking in to Fault Clearing Time
Mahdi Dehghani Ashkezari Sayed Mahmod Modaresi Modaresi Sayed Amin Saied Tahera Daemi HamidReza AkbariIn general, the basis of operation of most fault current limiters is to reduce the short-circuit current by adding a large impedance to the system at the time of the fault. However, fault current limiters differ in the type of impedance and how the impedance adds and re MoreIn general, the basis of operation of most fault current limiters is to reduce the short-circuit current by adding a large impedance to the system at the time of the fault. However, fault current limiters differ in the type of impedance and how the impedance adds and removes the system. In this paper, taking into account three different locations for installing fault current limiter in a sample power network, as well as changing the type (inductance or resistance) and its impedance value in an extensive range, the effects of these parameters on the stability of the power system have been investigated and analyzed. The criterion used for the first time in this article by the authors to examine and evaluate the transient stability of the power system is the method of the difference between the accelerating and decelerating area. The basis of this method is based on the equal area criterion. Other issues addressed in this paper are presenting a method for locating and determining the optimal value of fault current limiter impedance to improve the stability of the power system. Also, the effect of fault clearing time on transient stability has been studied when the fault current limiter is present in the power grid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
614 - Phase Space Reconstruction of Chaotic Time Series Using an Intelligent Method
Maryam Pari Zangeneh Mohammad Ataei Peiman Moallem In the face of a chaotic system whose mathematical model is not available, because of unknown effective factors and unavailable dynamical equations, using time series approach can be useful. Therefore, phase space reconstruction of a chaotic system by using a scal More In the face of a chaotic system whose mathematical model is not available, because of unknown effective factors and unavailable dynamical equations, using time series approach can be useful. Therefore, phase space reconstruction of a chaotic system by using a scalar time series from its output observations is considered for obtaining information on this system from its one-dimensional signal. Two parameters Delay time and Embedding dimension are needed for phase space reconstruction based on embedding theorem. In this paper a method for estimation of an appropriate embedding dimension of underlying chaotic system from the observed time series by using Time Delay Neural Network (TDNN) is presented. This new way is different from the conventional False Nearest Neighbors (FNN) method. The embedding dimension estimations have been compared with FNN method and their comparison shows the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
615 - Output Feedback Controller Design for Multi-Agent Systems with Dynamic Heterogeneity in the Presence of Parameter Uncertainty and Exogenous Disturbances
Badrozaman Hosseini Mehdi SojoodiThis paper is concerned with network based leader following consensus for a distributed multi agent system with interval time varying delays in the presence of uncertainty and disturbances. A network based consensus control protocol under a directed graph is proposed. T MoreThis paper is concerned with network based leader following consensus for a distributed multi agent system with interval time varying delays in the presence of uncertainty and disturbances. A network based consensus control protocol under a directed graph is proposed. The nonlinear time varying coefficients derived from Jenson's integral inequality is approximated with an estimation method. Finally with convex combination, less conservative stability criteria are provided. In this method, the output feedback H∞ control is proposed to leader following consensus and robust stability of the closed loop system. In the presence of uncertainty and disturbances in the system, using H∞ control along with dynamic output feedback controller has led to better results in tracking the reference signal. This study provides H∞inf stability criteria in the forms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and convex programming standard form. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the obtained theorems and results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
616 - Definition of Scatterer in Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Environment Using Image Processing Based on FDTD Method
Mahmood Falah Ali Reza MalahzadehIn this paper, we implement real irregular terrain model in computer program by using image processing. We show how this approach can be used in simulation of E.M. wave propagation on irregular earth’s surface in a realistic manner. Some simulations are performed MoreIn this paper, we implement real irregular terrain model in computer program by using image processing. We show how this approach can be used in simulation of E.M. wave propagation on irregular earth’s surface in a realistic manner. Some simulations are performed for implementation of longitudinal height differences over the propagation path as PEC surface .We also describe that how this approach can be used for any boundary condition in computational space. The results observed in Snapshots of the field profiles taken at different simulation times, validates capability of this method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
617 - Improvement of Networked Control Systems Performance Using a New Encryption Algorithm
Seyed Ali Mesbahifard Benyamin Hagh Niaz Jahrimi Pooya Hajebi Seyed Mohammad Taghi AlmadrasiNetworked control systems are control systems which controllers and plants are connected via telecommunication network. One of the most important challenges in networked control systems is the problem of network time delay. Increasing of time delay may affect on control MoreNetworked control systems are control systems which controllers and plants are connected via telecommunication network. One of the most important challenges in networked control systems is the problem of network time delay. Increasing of time delay may affect on control system performance extremely. Other important issue in networked control systems is the security problems. Since it is possible that unknown people access to network especially Internet, the probability of terrible attacks such as deception attacks is greater, therefore presentation of methods which could decrease time delay and increase system immunity are desired. In this paper a symmetric encryption with low data volume against deception attacks is proposed. This method has high security and low time delay rather than the other encryption algorithms and could improve the control system performance against deception attacks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
618 - System Identification of a Nonlinear Multivariable Steam Generator Power Plant Using Time Delay and Wavelet Neural Networks
Laila Khalilzadeh Ganjali-khani Farid Sheikholeslam Homayoun Mahdavi-NasabOne of the most effective strategies for steam generator efficiency enhancement is to improve the control system. For such an improvement, it is essential to have an accurate model for the steam generator of power plant. In this paper, an industrial steam generator is c MoreOne of the most effective strategies for steam generator efficiency enhancement is to improve the control system. For such an improvement, it is essential to have an accurate model for the steam generator of power plant. In this paper, an industrial steam generator is considered as a nonlinear multivariable system for identification. An important step in nonlinear system identification is the development of a nonlinear model. In recent years, artificial neural networks have been successfully used for identification of nonlinear systems in many researches. Wavelet neural networks (WNNs) also are used as a powerful tool for nonlinear system identification. In this paper we present a time delay neural network model and a WNN model in order to identify an industrial steam generator. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed models in the system identification and demonstrate that the WNN model is more precise to estimate the plant outputs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
619 - Blind Source Separation in Farsi Language by Using Hermitian Angle in Convolutive Enviroment
Atefeh Soltani Seyed Hamid Mahmoodian Seyed Ali HashemiThis paper presents a T-F masking method for convolutive blind source separation based on hermitian angle concept. The hermitian angle is calculated between T-F domain mixture vector and reference vector. Two different reference vectors are assumed for calculating two d MoreThis paper presents a T-F masking method for convolutive blind source separation based on hermitian angle concept. The hermitian angle is calculated between T-F domain mixture vector and reference vector. Two different reference vectors are assumed for calculating two different hermitian angles, and then these angles are clustered with k-means or FCM method to estimate unmixing masks. The well-known permutation problem is solved based on k-means clustering of estimated masks which are partitioned to small groups. The experimental results show an improvement in performance when using two different reference vectors compared to only one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
620 - Desirability of Evaluation Parks from the Aspect of Urban Tourism and Spending Leisure Time of Citizenships Using the Copras Model (Case Study: Urban Region Two Metropolitan Ahvaz)
abbas maroofnezhad Ebrahim AmiriToday, urban parks can play a major role in creating citizens' leisure time and space for their tourism in cities. So that in many urban texts, parks and urban green spaces are mentioned as one of the important indicators for recognizing the quality of man-made environm MoreToday, urban parks can play a major role in creating citizens' leisure time and space for their tourism in cities. So that in many urban texts, parks and urban green spaces are mentioned as one of the important indicators for recognizing the quality of man-made environments. Due to the importance of parks and green spaces In today's urban life, the purpose of this study was to investigate the status of active urban parks in Ahvaz metropolitan region 2 in terms of selected indicators (access, health, attractiveness, security and amenities). The type of applied research and research method was survey with emphasis on the questionnaire. The statistical population is citizens living in Region 2 and relevant experts. The weighting of the variables was performed by Shannon entropy model and data analysis was performed using COPRAS ranking technique. The research results show the low and minimum per capita of parks in region two (36.9 square meters) compared to international and national standards. Also, according to the results of Anova test, according to the calculated value of F, which is more than 0.05, the average audience satisfaction with the indicators in the studied parks shows a significant difference. The results of the Coopers model also showed 23 parks in the study area: Island Park, 42-hectare park and government park with final value, respectively; 0.0615, 0.0569,0.0554 are in the first to third place in terms of indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
621 - Air quality and its impact on climate change in major urban areas across Cairo and Moscow cities
Mohammad Ali Ghoveh Nodoushan Seyedeh Mahtab Pormazar -
Open Access Article
622 - Historical trend of Interpretative Thoughts of »Alāst verses«: A Critical Reviewing and Innovating
Seyyed hossein KarimpourThe study of mysterious contents of Alāst verses (Arāf «i.e. The Heights»: 172 -174) has long been considered by scholars of hadith, Interpreters, and muslim thinkers. looking at the views expressed on "Alāst" in the history of Islamic thought, reflects MoreThe study of mysterious contents of Alāst verses (Arāf «i.e. The Heights»: 172 -174) has long been considered by scholars of hadith, Interpreters, and muslim thinkers. looking at the views expressed on "Alāst" in the history of Islamic thought, reflects a continuous effort to provide new thoughts in the interpretation of these verses, an interpretation that is persuasive, and reflects the intricate and ambiguous aspects of the Verse while compatible with the appearances of verses and religious principles. The present article, by applying a descriptive-analytic method, has developed a new theory after originating the views and evaluating the interpretive thoughts of the Alāst verses.The result of the research has led to this meaning that the difference in commentators` opinions, more than arising from complexity of the contents of verses, is influenced by extreme attention to narratives, neglection of the damage of exaggeration and Isrâelites. Also the present study is being more reflected on the words, combinations, and style of the verses further emphasizes that the contents of Alāst verses, not only is a common covenant for all human beings, but also is a special event for those who were so pernickety and dissenter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
623 - Seismic Performance Investigation of Buckling Restrained Braces with Parallel Yielding Double Core
Kourosh Mehdizadeh Abbasali Sadeghi Seyede Vahide HashemiThe buildings equipped with buckling restrained brace (BRB) are earthquake resistant structures that have two properties of high lateral stiffness and ability to absorb and dissipate energy at the same time In this study, a parallel double core mechanism with the same c MoreThe buildings equipped with buckling restrained brace (BRB) are earthquake resistant structures that have two properties of high lateral stiffness and ability to absorb and dissipate energy at the same time In this study, a parallel double core mechanism with the same core length and with different yielding stress was used to investigate the seismic performance of buckling restrained brace of single core and double core. Therefore, in this research, three 3-dimensional 3, 6 and 9-story buildings equipped with concentric buckling restrained braces were designed according to AISC-LRFD Code along with the controlling of the seismic criteria based on standard 2800 version 4th in ETABS 2017 software. Then, the two dimensional perimeter frames equipped with buckling restrained brace were modeled in SeismoStruct 2018 software in two states of single core and double core. In order to investigate the behavior of these structures, the adaptive pushover nonlinear static analysis and time history nonlinear dynamic analysis were performed under three far fault earthquakes. The results presented that the use of a parallel yielding double core increased the elastic stiffness of the structures but does not cause a noticeable change in the lateral strength of the prototypes. Also under applied earthquakes, the hysteresis curves were obtained and these figures showed that the use of a parallel double core increased the earthquake energy dissipation. In general, the use of the double core buckling restrained brace reduced seismic responses such as roof displacement, roof acceleration, drift and base shear by approximately 20%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
624 - The Influence of The Interaction of Soil And Structure on Rein forced Concrete Tall Buildings With Flat Slabs And Internal Resistant Core of Tube in Tube System With Consideration of Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis
Reza Hoseini ashkan khodabandehlouIn this study, 2 reinforced concrete 3D building frames for a 28-storey building are going to be considered and analyzesThese frames are in both X andYdirections with tube in tube structural system and a flat plate roof with rigid internal core in the shape of H, in a r MoreIn this study, 2 reinforced concrete 3D building frames for a 28-storey building are going to be considered and analyzesThese frames are in both X andYdirections with tube in tube structural system and a flat plate roof with rigid internal core in the shape of H, in a relatively high risk zone (A=0.3 g) on two kinds of soil, with and without soil-structure interaction.The goal of this study is to determine the maximum drift and displacement of the storeys under gravity loads(dead live) and lateral load of earthquake. A discrete model based on a buried footing Cone Model in homogeneous half space of volf and meek is used to model the soil under the foundation and also to determine dynamic stiffness coefficient and Soil damping cofficient and a substructure method with the footing rigidity assumption is used to analyze the frames with the soil-structure intraction effect. A dynamic analysis of the nonlinear timeline history of seven accelerograms is used to analyze earthquake load and geometric modeling of all frames with internal core has been done in sap2000-V17software.The results show that the maximum drift and displacement of the storeys with soil-structure interaction in X and Ydirection was not different with the one without interaction and that they are equal. By changing the type of soil with and without soil-structure interaction, the maximum drift of storeys in X direction had a descending increment process of 22 percent and in Y direction, had 25 percent is increment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
625 - Assessment of RC frames with different ductility using endurance time analysis
Ali Sadeghi Esmaeil MousapoorEndurance time method is a new method of seismic analysis in which the structure is subjected to an increased dynamic excitation whose intensity gradually enhances over time. The response of structure is investigated over time and based on the response corresponding to MoreEndurance time method is a new method of seismic analysis in which the structure is subjected to an increased dynamic excitation whose intensity gradually enhances over time. The response of structure is investigated over time and based on the response corresponding to different levels of excitation intensity, strengths, weaknesses, and performance of the structure were evaluated. In this research, according to the rules of regulations, two 5- and 8-storey buildings were linearly analyzed and designed applying ETABS software and with medium and special ductility. Then, a sample frame was separated from the structure and overall, four concrete frames of 5 and 8 floors with medium and special ductility were analyzed by endurance time method. The ETA20-KD durability stimulation function was applied to evaluate these frames. Nonlinear hinges of structural components were defined according to instruction for seismic rehabilitation of existing buildings No. 360. The results of this study presented that concrete frames with special ductility have less damage and longer endurance time than those with medium ductility. So that the failure of a 5-storey building with medium and special ductility occurred at 11.64 and 20 seconds, respectively, and the failure of an 8-storey building with medium and special ductility took place at 10.21 and 13.08 seconds, respectively Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
626 - Seismic Behavior Upgrade of Steel Moment FramesUsing Viscous Dampers and Determination of Their Proper Damping Forces
seyyed Mehdi Zahraei Omid MohammadiEnergy dissipation systems have been broadly used in structures during the recent decades in order to reduce earthquake and wind forces as well as reduction of structural lateral drifts within the code limits. Viscous damper is considered as one of the energy dissipatio MoreEnergy dissipation systems have been broadly used in structures during the recent decades in order to reduce earthquake and wind forces as well as reduction of structural lateral drifts within the code limits. Viscous damper is considered as one of the energy dissipation systems which are classified as velocity-dependent dampers among passive control systems and have been paid attention and their further detailed properties taken into account by many researchers. Viscous damper consists of a piston with some orifices inside the cylinder which contains highly viscous fluid. Energy dissipation of this damper is through pushing viscous fluid out of the orifices. These are two types of these dampers: linear and nonlinear from which linear type with velocity power of one is more practical. The structural damping force is usually set according to the procedure described in FEMA273 and are optimized by three controlled modes of displacement, velocity and acceleration. This study examines the effect of adding viscous dampers on seismic behavior of steel moment frames. For this purpose, three steel moment frames of 1, 3 and 6-story all in 3 bays, with viscous dampers having power factor of 1, 0.8 and 0.6 are selected. These sample structures are subjected to the nonlinear time history analysis under the El Centro, Kobe and Northridge earthquakes, and their response including displacement, acceleration and base shear is compared in two cases of with and without viscous dampers. Finally, regarding nonlinear time history analysis results based on the structural behavior in three modes controlled by displacement, velocity and acceleration, proper damping forces are specified as 94.7, 240.1 and 557.1 kN respectively for one, three and six story structures based on maximum acceleration and base share obtained from FEMA273. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
627 - The Investigation Effect of Viscous Damper on the Floor level on Seismic Response at Reinforced Concrete Tall buildings with Internal Resistant Core the Tube in Tube System
sajjad Alizadeh ashkan khodabandelouApplication of dampers as means of attenuation of earthquake energy is one of the most significant approaches and viscose damper is the most popular one. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of viscose dampers on decreasing the vulnerability of tall struc MoreApplication of dampers as means of attenuation of earthquake energy is one of the most significant approaches and viscose damper is the most popular one. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of viscose dampers on decreasing the vulnerability of tall structures at earthquake and selection of the optimal arrangement of dampers in these structures. so, two types of concrete special moment frames with central cores with 26 floors were designed with SAP2000 software. Then, they were applied to five earthquake records and their vulnerabilities were investigated according to non-linear timehistory dynamic analysis. Then, dampers were erected into the structure and modeled. To do so, the dampers were horizontally positioned in the structure and the models were evaluated again using non-linear timehistory dynamic analysis. The results obtained by investigating three parameters of maximum Floor displacement, base shear, and structure Acceleration verified signified decrease in all three parameters. In such a way that the displacement of the structure, between 10 to 25 percent,the base shear 15 percent, as well as the acceleration of the input to the structure, to about 17 to 20 percentage reduction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
628 - The Effect of SMA Damper on Energy Dissipation and Eduction of Vibration Amplitude of Multi-Story Steel Frames
Ali Seyedkazemi milad esmaeili saman eftekhar ardabili morteza hoseinali beygiIn recent years, the idea of using durable materials which are capable of absorbing energy and have high ductility are highlighted in structural engineering. One example of these materials is shape memory alloys which show predefined physical properties in different c MoreIn recent years, the idea of using durable materials which are capable of absorbing energy and have high ductility are highlighted in structural engineering. One example of these materials is shape memory alloys which show predefined physical properties in different conditions. These materials show little residual strain under loading and unloading cycles even when passing through the yield area. In fact, they create regenerative forces in structures. In this study, the effect of shape memory alloys on energy dissipation and reducing vibration amplitude of multi-story steel frame is investigated. For the present purpose, shape memory alloy rebars are used in the middle of the diagonal elements of braces. ABAQUS software is used in the present study. To validate models, first, two-story braced frame with shape memory alloy used in the laboratory studies of Han et al (2003) is modeled and analyzed in the software. The results obtained by the two laboratory and analytical methods are in acceptable agreement. To investigate the effect of height on the seismic performance of the buildings equipped with this type of dampers, 3- and 12-story buildings were considered and reciprocating nonlinear analysis and nonlinear dynamic time history analysis using Tabas accelerogram were performed. Results show that using this type of dampers cause quick energy dissipation and a significant reduction in the vibration amplitude and base shear so that the existence of shape memory alloy in 3-story building makes the ability of the structural system in dissipating energy and the initial stiffness of the system increase 2.5 and 2 times respectively. Moreover, with an increase in height, its effectiveness in controlling the seismic response of structure is reduced between 10-15 percent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
629 - Comparing the Performance of Short Link Beam in Buckling Unrestrained and Restrained Eccentric Braced Frames under non-linear Static and Dynamic Analysis
Arash Hossein Shahi aboozar salehAccording to the fact that our country is located in one of the seismic zones of the world, the possibility of strong earthquakes in different regions is inevitable. Over the past years, researchers have proposed different systems for absorbing and dissipating earthquak MoreAccording to the fact that our country is located in one of the seismic zones of the world, the possibility of strong earthquakes in different regions is inevitable. Over the past years, researchers have proposed different systems for absorbing and dissipating earthquake energy in structures, which, in this regard, unrestrained buckling braces have been focused by engineers. The purpose of this research is to examine the behavior of short link beam in steel frames with buckling and non-buckling braces. For this purpose, three structures, 3, 6 and 9 stories with buckling and non-buckling braces are designed according to valid regulations and all seismic rules have also been controlled. Then, their lateral two-dimensional frame is modeled with eccentric braces on the SeismoStruct 2016 software. In order to investigate the behavior of the link beam, nonlinear static and time history analysis have been used for three far-field earthquakes and type 2 soil. In the following, the results of the shear force and the bending moment of the link beam and the nonlinear static analysis curves of the frames in two models with buckling and non-buckling braces are compared. The results of nonlinear static analysis show that the moment and shear in the non-buckling link beam can be up to 38 and 50 percent more than the frame with buckling braces, respectively. Non-linear time history analysis shows a higher growth of link beam forces in a frame with non-buckling braces than nonlinear static analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
630 - A Comparison of Modal Analysis of Ritz Vector Mode (Ritze) and Eagan Vector (Eigen) based on nonlinear Time History (NTH) Dynamic Analysis
seyed ali mousavi davoudi Morteza NaghipourNowadays, the requirements of designing structures based on low weight and high strength in structural engineering science, have increased the possibility of unwanted and destructive vibrations in these systems. Also, using of computer softwares for modeling alone canno MoreNowadays, the requirements of designing structures based on low weight and high strength in structural engineering science, have increased the possibility of unwanted and destructive vibrations in these systems. Also, using of computer softwares for modeling alone cannot accurately predict the dynamic behavior of structures. For this reason, a fundamental approach to experimental techniques was developed and made progress in the field of modal analysis. In recent years, modal analysis has been applied as a tool to determine and enhance the dynamic properties of structures. The vibrational modes obtained from the modal analysis, are useful for understanding the behavior of the structure correctly. Modal analysis is also used in modal time history analyzes and quasi-dynamic analysis of response spectrum. An important point in modal analysis is that when using modal analysis there are two types of analytical models named special vector state and Ritz vector state. Finding the best method for modal analysis of structural responses is very important in modal analysis, so far no comprehensive studies have been conducted to date. Considering the importance of this issue, in this study the evaluation of the accuracy between the two modes of vectors (Ritz) and (Eigen) in modal analysis is done. It is concluded that the modal analysis of Eigen vector is more accurate than Ritz vector and the results of Eigen modal analysis are closer to reality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
631 - Study of Thermal Behavior of Steel Beams with khorjini Connection on the Effect of Temperature and Exposure Time of Fire
abas sargholi Seyyed Abdulnabi Razavi Masoud Abedini Frames with a Khorjini connections is one of the most commonly used structural systems in Iran. In these frames, the beams are placed on the sides of the pillar and each beams are placed on a lower corridor. The columns are double-skinned More Frames with a Khorjini connections is one of the most commonly used structural systems in Iran. In these frames, the beams are placed on the sides of the pillar and each beams are placed on a lower corridor. The columns are double-skinned and have a relatively long sheet at the Khorjini, so that the lower and upper corners are in place. What makes this type of connection a lot of use is the high speed and ease of execution of sophisticated frames. Several studies have shown that when exposed to the structure, the exposed fire will change its resistance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the behavior of steel beams with Khorjini connections at different temperatures and times. First, after the library studies, the laboratory test was verified by Abacus software. The results of the numerical investigation were compared with the results of the experimental study in the paper, and the results of this comparison showed that the matching of the experimental results and the results of the numerical study with a percentage difference of less than 10 Percentage. In order to develop a numerical model, 17 different models were investigated with temperature variations and exposure time of exposed beams. The results of this study showed that increasing the temperature of the heat in the Khorjini connection reduces the resistance, increases the amount of failure and deformation in the joint area. Other results of the study showed that as the Khorjini connections are exposed to more fire, the resistance will be reduced, the failure rate will increase and the structural deformation will be higher. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
632 - Investigation of the Effect of Soil Structure Interaction on the Response of Structures with Viscoelastic Damper under Different Damping
masoud pourbaba saeid javaherzadeh fariba seyyedi mohammadiUsing additional dampers for reducing input energy of structures is an effective way for dissipating input energy of structures. Including appropriate tools in dissipating the input energy of structures is viscoelastic damper. Generally, according to the structural anal MoreUsing additional dampers for reducing input energy of structures is an effective way for dissipating input energy of structures. Including appropriate tools in dissipating the input energy of structures is viscoelastic damper. Generally, according to the structural analysis, the soil under structures is assumed to be rigid and the effect of soil structure interaction has been ignored. However, in reality, this soil is not rigid and the soil beneath the structures changes the dynamic specifications of structures and thus response of it. Structural response and damper performance depend on various components including type of earth movement and soil specifications. In this research, a few two-dimensional special concrete frames were examined. For frame modeling of additional damper, we used Kelvin method and for modeling of soil structure interaction effects with additional damper we used spring and damper equivalent method in the OpenSees app. Studied frames after rehabilitation with damper have been analyzed under dynamic nonlinear time history analysis. This analysis was done in three damping 5%, 10% and 15%. And at the end the results of soil-structure interaction impact with viscoelastic damper under different damping are studied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
633 - Optimal intensity measures for probabilistic seismic demand modeling of multi-span continuous concrete box girder bridges subjected to near-field earthquakes
Hoodean Malekzadeh Hassan Abbasi Mahmood Hooseini Armin Aziminejad Mohammadreza Adib RamezaniSeismic intensity measures (IMs) perform a pivotal role in probabilistic seismic demand modeling. Past studies investigated appropriate IMs for structures, including the vital component of the transportation system, the highway bridges. These studies were mainly focused MoreSeismic intensity measures (IMs) perform a pivotal role in probabilistic seismic demand modeling. Past studies investigated appropriate IMs for structures, including the vital component of the transportation system, the highway bridges. These studies were mainly focused on far-field earthquakes and did not consider the strong vertical component of ground motions in near-field earthquakes. In order to evaluate the optimal IMs for the multi-span continuous concrete box girder bridges subjected to near-field earthquakes, ten sample bridges were modeled and then subjected to three-component records of 164 near-field earthquakes applying the OpenSees software framework. In the present research, 5 engineering demand parameters considering the most critical response parameters related to columns and deck were selected, along with 24 intensity measures considering the horizontal and vertical components of ground motions. Base on the optimality investigation method, parameters such as efficiency, practicality, proficiency, sufficiency, and relative sufficiency were considered. In total, 8200 nonlinear time-history analyses were conducted. The results presented that the peak ground velocity of the horizontal component (PGVH), velocity spectrum intensity of the horizontal components(VSIH), and Housner intensity of horizontal components (HIH) were the optimal intensity measures, and vertical component of ground motions in near-field earthquakes should be considered in optimality investigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
634 - Simplification of Earthquake Accelerograms for quick time history Analyses by Using Their Modified Fourier Inverse Transforms
Alireza Faroughi mahmood hossseiniThere are several cases in seismic design of structures in which the simplified seismic analysis code is not applicable. In such cases most codes recommend time history analysis, which is very time consuming, mainly since the time step size of the digitized accelerogram MoreThere are several cases in seismic design of structures in which the simplified seismic analysis code is not applicable. In such cases most codes recommend time history analysis, which is very time consuming, mainly since the time step size of the digitized accelerograms is usually very small. Therefore, if the time history analysis can be performed by large time steps without losing much precision, it would be very helpful. In the present study, a method is introduced for simplification of accelerograms based on the modification of their fourier analyses. For this purpose, at first the fourier spectrum of the accelerograms is calculated. Then, by using a computer program, created by the authors, a modified version of fourier spectrum is produced and then the corresponding inverse fourier transform is calculated using a relatively large time step, which is computed based on the all major earthquake frequencies (which is usually 5 to 10 times larger than the original accelerograms time step) in order to create the simplified accelerograms. It is obvious that time history analysis by using this simplified accelerograms will be much less time-consuming. Numerical results indicate that the maximum response values obtained by using the simplified accelerograms have approximately 5 to 10 percent error depending on the type of the structure and earthquake characteristics Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
635 - The effect of position and percentage of TMD in plan on seismic performance of concrete structures
said javaherzadeh maryam eslam mohamadiThe most modern control techniques to improve the structural behavior of structures against unconventional forces of wind and earthquake. In this regard, researchers using innovative tools such as tund mass damper (TMD) to reduce seismic vibrations. This paper exa MoreThe most modern control techniques to improve the structural behavior of structures against unconventional forces of wind and earthquake. In this regard, researchers using innovative tools such as tund mass damper (TMD) to reduce seismic vibrations. This paper examines the effect of the position and the percentage by mass damper TMD plan on seismic performance of concrete structures. For this purpose, a concrete structures eighteen floor, are selected. The TMD are uniformly distributed along the height of the structural models. Nonlinear dynamic time history analyses are used to determine the add TMD related response reduction. The results show an reduction in the dynamic response, by increasing damping ratios of structural systems caused by add TMD. Therefore, such systems can be used to retrofit buldings and improve their behavior under earthquake used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
636 - Angular Earthquake Coefficient in Irregular Structures on Plan
Mohammad reza Bahari Alireza faroughi mohammad ghanoonibaghaToday is a common method of seismic design of structures in the regulations are based on the static method equivalent and Determine the base shear design by using The linear spectrum. To determine the base shear, a coefficient called earthquake coefficient is used. In t MoreToday is a common method of seismic design of structures in the regulations are based on the static method equivalent and Determine the base shear design by using The linear spectrum. To determine the base shear, a coefficient called earthquake coefficient is used. In this article first, Methods of calculation and factors affecting the behavior of factors are investigated. Then a number of steel structures with lateral load systems MRF and CBF, with the number of floors 3, 7 and 10 Irregular on the plan is evaluated. By performing a non-linear static analysis under the influence of lateral loads، Ductility and their coefficient of resistance in different angles Due to the limitation of local ductility in structural elements (Based on maximum drift) and finally the behavior coefficients (Given the values obtained from the analysis) will be counted. It is assumed that the angular behavior coefficients follow a rectangular rule so that the values of the angular behavior coefficient with the length of the line from the origin with the desired angle in a rectangle whose sides are the coefficient of behavior of the main structure of the structure is equal. Then, the values of the angular behavior coefficient obtained from this rule are compared with the values obtained from nonlinear static analysis. According to the results, it is also observed that the angular behavior coefficients obtained from this type of analysis are slightly higher than their values from the rectangular base, and follow this rule well. As well as structures at these angles relative to the main directions shows better behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
637 - Seismic Control of Structures Using Tuned Liquid Dampers (TLD) Adaptable with Water Level
Nakisa Azari Farshid FathiTuned Liquid Dampers (TLD) are widely utilized today because of their simple structure, no need for external energy sources and low construction and implementation costs. They have also been used effectively to reduce the responses of structures against the earthquake e MoreTuned Liquid Dampers (TLD) are widely utilized today because of their simple structure, no need for external energy sources and low construction and implementation costs. They have also been used effectively to reduce the responses of structures against the earthquake excitation. By adjusting the water level, inside the TLD tank, so that the vibration frequency of the fluid is equal to the main frequency of the structure, the best efficiency is obtained for this passive control system in reducing the response of the structures. Many efforts have been undertaken to make this type of damper usable even under normal conditions, so that to be used as a water storage tank for the buildings. However, in such case, due to the variable level of water consumption in the damper tank, its efficiency will not necessarily be high at the time of an earthquake. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to introduce an improved model, instead of conventional TLD, that perform the best efficiency in reducing structural responses at the different water levels in the reservoir. For this purpose, by applying seven earthquake records to the studied analytical model, the efficiency of two control systems has been compared with each other. The results of nonlinear time history analyses indicate that the maximum building responses in the proposed control system have been effectively reduced, for the different reservoir water levels, compared to the conventional TLD system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
638 - The Effect of Tuned Mass Damper Location on its Performance in MDOF Structures
morteza baigoly Farzan Hadad Shargh Fayaz Rahimzadeh RofooeiThe use of single or multiple tuned mass dampers is one of the methods to reduce earthquake vibrations caused by earthquakes in recent decades. One of the problems with using mass dampers is the large amount of space occupied by these systems in the structures. This spa MoreThe use of single or multiple tuned mass dampers is one of the methods to reduce earthquake vibrations caused by earthquakes in recent decades. One of the problems with using mass dampers is the large amount of space occupied by these systems in the structures. This space can sometimes make a lot of trouble for structural architects. The results of previous researches indicate that the dampers tuned on the first mode of the structure located on the roof floor, exhibit the highest efficiency. However, in some structures, due to architectural limitations, their implementation on the roof floor becomes problematic and it is appropriate to place dampers on other floors of the structure. In this research, the effect of damper placement on different floors of structures on their performance will be investigated under time history analysis. For this purpose, three structures of 5, 15, and 25 stories are designed and mass dampers are provided for each of them. These dampers are then placed on different floors of the structure and are analyzed. The results of this study present that the relocation of dampers has regulatory influences on the performance of dampers. These effects can be predicted in the form of an equation obtained in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
639 - Seismic Performance of RC Frames Equipped with Zipper Braces Subjected to the Near-field and Far-field Earthquakes
Seyyed Ramin Abtahi Babak BehforouzIn recent years, near-fault earthquakes have received more attention due to their variable frequency nature, pulsing motion, and causing incremental damage. On the other hand, due to the abundance of concrete structures in Iran, more than any other structures, they are MoreIn recent years, near-fault earthquakes have received more attention due to their variable frequency nature, pulsing motion, and causing incremental damage. On the other hand, due to the abundance of concrete structures in Iran, more than any other structures, they are at risk of damages caused by near-fault earthquakes. This issue clearly indicates the necessity of using new lateral bracing systems in RC structures. One of the lateral bracing systems is the combination of Chevron braces with zipper elements. Owing to this issue, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the seismic performance of RC frames equipped with zipper braced elements under near-fault earthquakes. Therefore, seven far-fault and seven near-fault earthquake records and three RC frames of 3, 6, and 9 floors with and without considering zipper elements were selected. Then, RC frames were designed using linear static analysis, after which all frames were analyzed by dynamic nonlinear time history analysis. After performing the analysis, the results such as total displacement, relative displacement, story shear, and plastic hinge formation were compared. The results of this study present that the zip-shaped elements have significantly succeeded in transferring asymmetric loads of the lower story braces to the upper stories and have prevented the creation of a soft story in the first height level of the structure. Finally, the comparison of the results ehibits the significant effect of the distance from the fault on the overall and relative deformations of the structures with increasing the height of the stories Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
640 - Investigation of Nonlinear Seismic Behavior of High-rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings and their Improvement by Viscoelastic Dampers
Faraz Kazemi ashkan khodabandehlouOwing to the destruction of high-rise buildings during recent earthquakes, the use of a structural system of reinforced concrete moment frame with viscoelastic damper causes a loss of seismic energy and consequently reduces lateral displacement. In this study a high-Ris MoreOwing to the destruction of high-rise buildings during recent earthquakes, the use of a structural system of reinforced concrete moment frame with viscoelastic damper causes a loss of seismic energy and consequently reduces lateral displacement. In this study a high-Rise, 20-Storey, three-dimensional reinforced concrete frame with 8 Models, of which 4 models with moment frame structural system and 4 models with moment frame + viscoelastic damping system in two directions of X, Y located in the high seismic zone (A=0.3g) on the soil type III is considered. The aim of the present study is to investigate the horizontal lateral displacement (absolute and relative) of the stories, the base shear of frames under gravity loads, and lateral loads of the earthquake. In order to modeling the viscoelastic materials, the Kelvin-Voigt model and to determine damping ratio(ζ) of frames with viscoelastic damper, stiffness coefficient (Kv) and damping coefficient (Cv) of viscoelastic dampers, the modal strain energy method have been applied. For seismic analysis of models without and with dampers, dynamic analysis of nonlinear time history via direct integration and modal (FNA) methods have been utilized, respectively. Geometric modeling of all frames was done using the SAP2000-V15 software. The results indicate that with increasing span length (model 2 compared to model 1 and model 4 compared to model 3) and increasing the height of stories (model 3 compared to model 1 and Model 4 compared to model 2), the maximum absolute lateral and relative displacement of stories, and base shear along with X, Y without and with viscoelastic damper have an increasing trend. Also, the maximum percentage increase of the mentioned models with damper compared to without damper along with X, Y has decreased Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
641 - The Effect Of Soil And Structure Interaction On High-Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings With Internal Resistant Core Tube In Tube System And With To Consider Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis
Armin Razzaghi ashkan khodabandehlouThis research are considered and analyzed threedimensional high rise building three frames of 28-story reinforcedconcrete in each direction X,Y structural structure of a tube in tube,In the zone of high relative risk(A=0.3g),With fixed number and bays the le MoreThis research are considered and analyzed threedimensional high rise building three frames of 28-story reinforcedconcrete in each direction X,Y structural structure of a tube in tube,In the zone of high relative risk(A=0.3g),With fixed number and bays the length,different heights and types of soil(I, III), Once without affecting soil-structure interaction Once again, the effects of soil-structure interaction are considered and analyzed. The purpose of the present study is to determine the maximum lateral displacement frames floors of gravity loads(dead,live)and earthquake loads. In order to analyze the structure of the structurethe soil-structureintraction impact of the substructure is assumed to be used for the modeling of the sub-surface soil from the cone model,the structure of the structure and the determination of the dynamic hardening coefficient and damping coefficient soil of the discrete model based on the cone model in the homogeneous space stream.In order to analyze earth quake loads in the studied models,a dynamic analysis of the nonlinear time history of the modal method under seven accelerations accelerations.The geometric modeling of the all frames with shear walls in the SAP 2000-V17 software package was performed.The results show that with increasing elevation of floors(model 1 to 3),the maximum lateral displacment floors on type I soil in the direction of X increase in the direction Y is significant increase,in model ,in the model 2 to 1by changing the type of soil type, the maximum lateral displacment floors with out and with Soil-Structure intraction in the each two direction is dramatic increase Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
642 - Evaluation of the Simultaneous Application of Vertical and Horizontal Mass Isolation Techniques in the Moment Steel Frame Structures
Noosheen Ghorbani Farshid FathiIn the recent decades, many efforts have been made to reduce the damages caused by strong earthquakes to the structural and non-structural systems of buildings utilizing various methods of seismic control of structures (active and passive). One of the most common passiv MoreIn the recent decades, many efforts have been made to reduce the damages caused by strong earthquakes to the structural and non-structural systems of buildings utilizing various methods of seismic control of structures (active and passive). One of the most common passive seismic control systems is the horizontal isolation of buildings at their base level or base isolation. Another type of seismic isolation system, which is called vertical mass isolation and has been proposed in recent years, tries to separate the stiffness system and mass sub-system of the structures in some way. In this research, the more efficient Simultaneous application of the horizontal base isolation together with the vertical mass isolation techniques, along with the use of a damping devices (such as viscous dampers), to improve the seismic performance of moment steel frame structures, has been investigated. For this purpose, the performance of the proposed hybrid system was evaluated by performing nonlinear time history dynamic analysis under the horizontal component of earthquake acceleration records. The results of the analysis obviously presented significant reductions in the maximum seismic responses of the studied structures especially for displacements, drifts and base shears compared to those responses of the other types of conventional structural systems with similar characteristics Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
643 - Substituent effect on the stability and electronic properties of naphthalene and azulene: A computational investigation
Reza Jafari Reza Ghiasi Bita Mohtat -
Open Access Article
644 - The Efficiency of Social Studies Educational Multimedia on the Disabled Students’ Educational Achievement and Social Skills Development
Maryam Behnam Moghaddam Saeed MoosavipourThe aim of the present study was investigating the efficiency of social studies educational multimedia on the educational achievements and social skills development of educable disabled fifth-grade female students’ in Arak in 2014. The research method was quasi-ex MoreThe aim of the present study was investigating the efficiency of social studies educational multimedia on the educational achievements and social skills development of educable disabled fifth-grade female students’ in Arak in 2014. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. Statistical population was all educable disabled fifth-grade female students’ in Arak. The sample consisted of 20 educable disabled female students in the fifth grade of Amir-Ebrahimi Fakhar exceptional primary school in Arak. They were divided randomly into two groups (control and experimental); each consisting of 10 persons. The instruments included educational multi-media for social studies, social skills questionnaire and achievement test. Data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics (independent and dependent t test) using SPSS was conducted. Based on the findings, teaching through learning multi-media produced for social studies had a meaningful effect on the academic achievement and development of social skills in the experimental group. Results suggest that we can use multi-media materials beside traditional education for educational achievement and development of social skills in the disabled students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
645 - Comparing the Extraneous Cognitive Load of Designing an Instruction with Merrill's Model between Instruction by Multimedia and Traditional Methods
Mohammad Zare Esmail Zarei Zavaraki Mohammad Hasan Amirteimoury Rahele SarikhaniThis study intends to examine the extraneous cognitive load within instruction that it had been designed building upon Merrill's model and conducted by multimedia and traditional methods in a biology course. This study was a practical research and also the quasi-experim MoreThis study intends to examine the extraneous cognitive load within instruction that it had been designed building upon Merrill's model and conducted by multimedia and traditional methods in a biology course. This study was a practical research and also the quasi-experimental research methodology had been utilized. The research statistical population was the whole of the senior high school students in Malayer city. Research sampling was selected via convenience sampling and then they categorized into control and experimental groups. The experimental group instructed through independent variable (instructional multimedia according to Merrill's instructional design model) and the designed biology content based on Merrill's instructional design model instructed to the control group. Likewise, Brunken, Plass and Leutner questionnaire of extraneous cognitive load assessment with the reliability of 0.83 was applied to gathering data. The result showed that extraneous cognitive load in the instruction of biology course, which was designed according to Merrill's model, in traditional method is lower than multimedia method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
646 - A Content Analysis of Physics Educational Multimedia Regarding the Principles of Multimedia, Structure and Content
Peyman Yar Mohammadzadeh Sirus Asadian Abbas Balaghi Zahra KaramiThe aim of this paper was to analyze the content of physics educational multimedia for high school students regarding the principles of multimedia, structure and content. These principles contain multimedia principle, contiguity, redundancy, speech and personalization. MoreThe aim of this paper was to analyze the content of physics educational multimedia for high school students regarding the principles of multimedia, structure and content. These principles contain multimedia principle, contiguity, redundancy, speech and personalization. This study was qualitatively conducted. The sample of the study comprised a selection of educational software of physics course for the second year of high school. Using purposive sampling method and due to the shortages of the samples, 11 were selected and were evaluated through content analysis methods. Totally, 15 categories and 97 codes of educational multimedia dimensions including demographic, content and structural features were found and their evidence was studied. Findings showed that for the educational multimedia, more attention was given to demographic features. Considering the structural category, findings showed that the highest content was given to the preliminary section and the least content was given to the peripheral category. Pointing to the content category, which was of the multimedia principles, findings showed that most of the attention was given to the redundancy and speech principles, and the least attention was given to the personalization principle. Each of the given categories can help the researcher as independent issues for future studies serving as underlying principles to meet the problems in educational multimedia and discover a new dimension. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
647 - The Effect of Instructional Multimedia on Social Skills Development in Mentally Disabled Grade Five Primary Students in Tehran
Rahim Moradi Parviz Sharifidaramadi Esmail Zarei ZavarakiThe aim of the present research was to study the effect of instructional multimedia on social skills development in mentally disabled grade five primary students in Tehran. The research method was quasi-experimental. The statistical society included all mentally disable MoreThe aim of the present research was to study the effect of instructional multimedia on social skills development in mentally disabled grade five primary students in Tehran. The research method was quasi-experimental. The statistical society included all mentally disabled students in the fifth grade school in Tehran that were divided into two control and test groups selected via accessible sampling. The social skills learning questionnaire was the data collecting tool in the research. For eight sessions, the test group was trained using researcher-made multimedia software and the control group was trained with traditional method (lecturing). To evaluate resultant changes, a pre-test was conducted on both groups. After pre-test, the test group was exposed to the independent variable, i.e., multimedia instruction, and a post-test was performed on both groups. To analyze the data, statistics methods were used both in descriptive and inferential levels. The results indicated that the social skills development was higher in students that have received material through instructional multimedia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
648 - Comparing the Effect of Multi-Media Software with Traditional Methods on Teaching Language and Speech in Hearing-Impaired Children
Danial Yaraei Tayebeh Etemadi Seyed Mahmoud HosseiniThe present study aimed to examine the effects of multi- media language learning software in teaching language and speech to hearing-impaired children under eight in Mazandaran province. The study adopted a quasi-experimental method with pre-test/post-test design in two MoreThe present study aimed to examine the effects of multi- media language learning software in teaching language and speech to hearing-impaired children under eight in Mazandaran province. The study adopted a quasi-experimental method with pre-test/post-test design in two control and experimental groups. To conduct the study, 30 subjects were randomly selected out of 60 hearing-impaired students in the province under eight who were assigned to two control and experimental groups randomly. To achieve the objective of the study, both the control and the experimental groups were given a pre-test and then the control group has received educational training through multi-media language learning software for two months (15 sessions). When the training was completed, both control and experimental groups were given a post-test. The tools for conducting the study were TOLD-P3 test and the multimedia language learning software. The independent t test and covariance analysis (ANCOVA) were used to analyze the data obtained from the pretest and posttest. Evaluating the first three hypotheses revealed the fact that using multi-media software has better effects on children's pictorial words, grammatical understanding and word production than the traditional approach. Further, the covariance test analysis showed that by removing the pretest effects, multimedia language learning software had more effects in improving the children's language and speech compared with the traditional approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
649 - The Effect of Conversational Teaching Style through Multimedia to enhance the Communication Skills of Impaired Hearing Female Students
Azar Khazai Mohammad Reza Nili Parviz Sharifi DaramadiThis research aimed to investigate the effect of conversational teaching style through multimedia in increasing the communicational skills of impaired hearing female students at primary schools in Tehran in academic year 2013-2014. The method of the study was quasi- exp MoreThis research aimed to investigate the effect of conversational teaching style through multimedia in increasing the communicational skills of impaired hearing female students at primary schools in Tehran in academic year 2013-2014. The method of the study was quasi- experimental. The statistical population was all the students with hearing problem in sixth grade of elementary schools in Tehran. 15 students were chosen by accessible sampling method and they were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The data collecting tool was Attarha communicational skills questionnaire. First, a pretest was performed to both groups. Then the experimental group was trained with researcher-made multimedia software in seven sessions while the control group was kept away from independent variable. In order to measure the changes, both groups were given a posttest. To analyze the data, the statistical methods at two levels of descriptive (central and scattering) and inferential (univariate covariance analysis) were used. Overall, the results of the study revealed the higher improvement of the communication skills of the students who have received materials in conversational style through multimedia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
650 - A Comparative Study of the Effects of Three Blended Learning Scenarios in Promoting Health Knowledge Level among Elementary Students
Hossein Mahdizadeh Roghieh FathiThis study has been conducted in a quasi-experimental design with pre-test post-test approach to compare the effects of three blended learning scenarios in promoting health information and knowledge among elementary students of Ilam in 2013. To do so, three classes were MoreThis study has been conducted in a quasi-experimental design with pre-test post-test approach to compare the effects of three blended learning scenarios in promoting health information and knowledge among elementary students of Ilam in 2013. To do so, three classes were selected randomly in one of the male elementary schools and each class was randomly assigned to one of the three groups: teaching with use of digital multimedia and simple conceptual maps, complex conceptual maps, and the popular method (lecture, discussion, and question and answer). One way analysis of Variance and LSD test were used for data analysis. The results of the study indicated that there was a significant difference between learning levels of health information and knowledge of the three groups, and Eta coefficient revealed that the type of teaching method accounts for 6 percent of learning variance and 9 percent of knowledge variance. Besides, LSD test results revealed that blending teaching methods using digital multimedia and simple conceptual maps proved to be more effective than the other two methods in increasing students’ level of health knowledge. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
651 - The Effect of Action and Strategic Computer Games on Selective Reaction Time and Impulsive Response in School Pupils
Ahmad Jadidian Hassan Pasha SharifiThe present study was conducted to examine the effect of action and strategic computer games on visual and audio selective reaction times and impulsive responses in school pupils. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population included all 13-18- MoreThe present study was conducted to examine the effect of action and strategic computer games on visual and audio selective reaction times and impulsive responses in school pupils. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population included all 13-18-year-old boy school pupils in Hamedan. The sampling method was non-random voluntary and purposeful sampling to match the procedure into groups. Two test groups (action computer games and strategic computer games) were matched in a targeted manner with a control group that lacked any experience of computer games. The selective reaction time and impulsive responses of subjects were measured by advanced reaction time software. The data were analyzed by MANOVA and ANOVA. The results revealed that both reaction times in test groups were faster than in control group. The two reaction times in action games group were faster than in strategic games group, and the impulsive responses in computer games groups (test groups) were fewer than in control group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
652 - On the Effectiveness of a Four-Component Multimedia-based Instructional Design Model in Learning Complex Issues
Hojjat Dehghanzadeh Hasan Rastegarpour Hossein DehghanzadehThe purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of a four-component multimedia-based instructional design model in learning complex issues. To achieve this purpose, a quasi-experimental approach with pretest/posttest with control group was used. All sophomor MoreThe purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of a four-component multimedia-based instructional design model in learning complex issues. To achieve this purpose, a quasi-experimental approach with pretest/posttest with control group was used. All sophomore high school male students in Karaj comprised the population of this research. The sample was selected through cluster sampling method including 60 subjects who were divided in three groups (experimental 1, experimental 2 and control group). Intended subject matter was presented to the control group with the traditional teaching methods and the first experimental group was taught with common multimedia software available on the market and the second experimental group was instructed with multimedia software designed with four component multimedia-based instructional design model. Then, for all the three groups, the pre-test and post-test were conducted. Data gathering tool was a researcher-made test with a reliability of 0.84. Covariance analysis and Scheffé post hoc test were used to analyze the data. The Results showed that there was a significant difference between the scores of the control and experimental groups. The dependent variable, that is, the students’ learning in the class based on the common multimedia software was better than the group that was trained with traditional method. In addition, students being taught with four-component multimedia-based instructional design model were better than students who were taught with common multimedia software. Accordingly, it is recommended that in teaching complex issues, potentialities of multimedia based instructional model, particularly the four-component instructional model, be used to teach complex subjects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
653 - The effect of teaching with multimedia on English language reading-comprehension skills
Mahan Attar Hamzeh Nazari SaremThe use of appropriate hardware and software in teaching with the help of multimedia, is a powerful tool to improve the quality and efficiency of education. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of teaching with multimedia on improving the r MoreThe use of appropriate hardware and software in teaching with the help of multimedia, is a powerful tool to improve the quality and efficiency of education. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of teaching with multimedia on improving the reading skills and comprehension of students in specialized language courses. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a comparison of control and experimental groups. The statistical sample of the study included 40 final year student teachers in Shahid Bahonar College of Hamadan. The sample was divided into two equal groups (20 in the control group and 20 in the experimental group). The control group was trained by discussion method, and the experimental group was trained by multimedia method and their scores were compared using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that there was a significant difference between the groups in favor of the experimental group. Based on this, it can be suggested that multimedia education can be used to promote teachers' ability to read and understand new material in specialized language lessons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
654 - On the Effect of Multimedia and Simulated Environment of Stock Exchange Education on Students Learning
Aref Hashemi Hossein Mahdizadeh Yassan Allah Poorashraf Maryam AziziThis study aimed to investigate the impact of multimedia and simulated environment of training of stock exchange and foreign currency, compared with current methods (lectures, booklets, power point presentation), on students learning at the University of Ilam. The popul MoreThis study aimed to investigate the impact of multimedia and simulated environment of training of stock exchange and foreign currency, compared with current methods (lectures, booklets, power point presentation), on students learning at the University of Ilam. The population of the study was undergraduate students in business management, economics and accounting at the University of Ilam. Using random sampling method, 184 of them were chosen as the sample. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by the experts. Its reliability based on Cronbach alpha Coefficient was estimated 0.734. The data from the survey were analyzed using Mann Whitney U test and those from the semi-experimental were analyzed by covariance analysis and t-test. The results suggested a significant difference between mean scores of the two groups in that the experimental group was more effective than the control group. In addition, students from the experimental group were more satisfied with the simulated environment and estimated their learning as qualified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
655 - The effect of teaching by environmental multimedia on learning and motivation of third grade elementary students of Tehran's green schools
Behnam Taghipour khadijeh aliabadi Saeed Pourroostaei ArdakaniThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of teaching by environmental multimedia on learning and motivation of third grade elementary students of Tehran's green schools.‎ The method was quasi - experimental design of pre-test and post-test with control g MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of teaching by environmental multimedia on learning and motivation of third grade elementary students of Tehran's green schools.‎ The method was quasi - experimental design of pre-test and post-test with control group.‎ The population was consisted of all Tehran's green schools in third grade boys that were studying in 1394-95.‎ Method that used in the sample selection procedure has been random multistage cluster sampling.‎ then randomly assigned 20 numbers in the experimental group, in a class and 20 in the control group were in other class.‎ Then a group under the first level of the independent variable (through a multimedia presentation method) and the other group at another level of the independent variable (School conventional method) were used.‎ The research's tools including: 1) test learning topics pollution and water conservation methods of that is developed by the researcher 2) Hermans's motivation of achievement questionnaire.‎ The resulting data were analyzed by analysis of covariance in SPSS software.‎ The results have shown that learning and motivation of achievement of students that was educated by training environmental multimedia in a %95 confidence interval is more than students that was educated by common method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
656 - Studying the Effectiveness of Multimedia Software Use in Sociology Course on Educational Progress, Learning, and Retention of Second Year High School Girls in Juybar
Farshideh Zameni Abbas Nasimi Mojtaba Rezaee Rad Manosureh Ghanbarpour JuybariThis research was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of multimedia software use in sociology course on educational progress, learning, and retention of the students. The method of this research was quasi-experimental one using post-test design with a control group MoreThis research was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of multimedia software use in sociology course on educational progress, learning, and retention of the students. The method of this research was quasi-experimental one using post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all the second grade high school girl students (humanity major) in Juybar in 2010-11 academic year. Of them, two classes, namely 40 students were selected as statistical sample, 20 as experimental group and 20 as control group. The experimental group was taught using educational software and the control group was taught through traditional teaching methods (without using multimedia). To gather data, teacher-made questions, including post-test were used. Validity of the teacher-made test was confirmed by experts several times and reliability of the test was calculated about 0/87 using Cronbach Alpha. Collected data were described using descriptive statistics indexes such as mean and standard deviation and to make the findings generalizable, inferential statistics (independent t and dependent t) was used. Findings showed that teaching through multimedia software could affect the students’ achievements. Although teaching trough multimedia software is more effective than traditional methods to improve the learning process, no significant difference was detected. Besides, teaching with the use of multimedia software method had greater impact on the students’ retention compared to the traditional method of teaching. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
657 - Effectiveness and Stable Impact of Using Multimedia on Students’ Self-efficacy and Motivation in Mathematics Course
Bibi Eshrat Zamani Mohammad Saidy Ali SaidyThis goal of the present research was to study the effect of ICT on self-efficacy and motivation of first-year girl high school student in mathematics in Izeh. The research method was quasi –experimental one. Fourty (40) first-year girl high- school students were MoreThis goal of the present research was to study the effect of ICT on self-efficacy and motivation of first-year girl high school student in mathematics in Izeh. The research method was quasi –experimental one. Fourty (40) first-year girl high- school students were selected through multi-stage cluster random sampling method and were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The instruments used for data-gathering were Matthias Jerusalem and Schwarzer Ralph self-efficacy questionnaire, Valrand motivational questionnaire for pretest and post-test, and follow-up one. The experimental group was taught mathematics electronically through multimedia-software for 9 weeks, and the control group was taught traditionally, through teacher- based instruction. Both groups were tested in terms of self-efficacy and academic motivation after the training. Re-test was performed two months after the training. By the use of repeated measures, the results showed that there was a significant difference between two groups based on their academic motivation and self-efficacy. The experimental group had better performance in both tests than control group. The results also revealed positive impact of multi-media on self-efficacy and academic motivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
658 - The relationship of addiction to virtual social networks with time perspective and mental health of students
Ramazan Hassanzadeh Fahimeh GhasemiIntroduction: Today's university education is characterized by rapid and unpredictable changes in the personal experience of individuals. The experience of individuals has changed the psychology of lifestyle time, and many of the relationships between them are still unk MoreIntroduction: Today's university education is characterized by rapid and unpredictable changes in the personal experience of individuals. The experience of individuals has changed the psychology of lifestyle time, and many of the relationships between them are still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between addiction to virtual social networks with time perspective and health behaviors in students. Method: The research method is descriptive correlational. The research population was 1730 students of Joybar Azad University in 1396. 317 people were selected by stratified random sampling method (by grade). Each subject completed the questionnaire of addiction to virtual social networks, time perspective and health behaviors. Results: The results showed that 1% decrease in addiction to virtual social networks, 24% on time spell and 18% on health behaviors, and also increase the amount of time perspective, increase the level of health behaviors. And vice versa. Conclusion: Time lag is a key factor in the abuse of social networks, because with the increase of futurism, learning to delay immediate pleasure and paying attention to the consequences of current practices can lead to increased health behaviors Reducing addiction to cyberspace helped students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
659 - A Comparative Study on the Impact of Interactive and Non-Interactive Multimedia Training on Elementary Students' Learning
Masoud Ahmadi Vahid Fallah Samane MirzakhaniThis study aimed at identifying the impact of interactive and non-interactive multimedia training on student's learning at fourth grade experimental science class at elementary school which particularly considered the impact of the multimedia on the two compon MoreThis study aimed at identifying the impact of interactive and non-interactive multimedia training on student's learning at fourth grade experimental science class at elementary school which particularly considered the impact of the multimedia on the two components of the learning speed (rate) and learning accuracy. The methodology of the study was quasi-experimental and based on the objective of the study it was applied by nature. Therefore, the study sample included all students at fourth grade elementary school studying in the city of Sari (2350 students) in the educational year of the 2009-2010 who were grouped into two classes of 20 students (both control and experimental groups) through applying cluster random sampling. The data gathering tools were the standard questionnaire of "Toloz -Piroun" accuracy test and the researcher-made speed test of which the reliability and validity were measured. The tests were administered as the pretest and post test for both control and experimental groups. The data analysis was conducted by applying descriptive statistics and the inferential statistics including t-test and paired t. The results of the study showed that there were significant differences between interactive and non-interactive multimedia training. In other words, the interactive multimedia training had a higher degree of impact on students' learning than non-interactive multimedia training which was also true for the learning speed and learning accuracy, that is, the interactive multimedia training is more efficient and helpful in learning speed and learning accuracy compared with the non-interactive multimedia training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
660 - relationship of Web-based Management with Organizational Time Management with the role of Mediator of Human Relationships
babak hosenzadeh mohammad jamaldini Ali Asghar ShojaeiThe present study aimed to relationship between web-based management with organizational time management with mediating role of human relations. Research method, descriptive and correlation research design is a structural equation modeling model. The statistical populat MoreThe present study aimed to relationship between web-based management with organizational time management with mediating role of human relations. Research method, descriptive and correlation research design is a structural equation modeling model. The statistical population includes all managers of Islamic Azad University of Hormozgan Province in three levels of excellent, middle and operational, 423 people using simple random sampling method 201 people based on Morgan's Table were selected as the statistical sample. For data collection three Researcher made of web-based management questionnaires, Standard of human relationships, Standard of organizational time management were used. Validity of the questionnaire content through confirmatory factor analysis, composite reliability index (CR) and Mean index of variance was extracted and the reliability of the questionnaire was based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient for Web-based management questionnaire 0.83, Human relations is 0.90 Organizational time management questionnaire was 0.88. Research data after collection by using of Lisrel and SPSS statistical software were analyzed. The results indicate that web-based management with organizational time management is positive and significant relationship. Web-based management with human relationships is positive and significant relationship. Human relationships with organizational time management is positive and significant relationship. It was also found that web-based management with role of mediator of human relationships with organizational time management is significant and positive relationship. As a result, it can be concluded regarding web-based management and development of human relationships by managers can witness of development of organizational time management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
661 - Introducing an optimal mixture of Origanum majorana, Long pepper, and Areca extracts with the highest level of activity against gene expression of A and B Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins.
Seyyedjavad Naddafi Ali Mohammadi Sani Esmaeil Ataye Salehi Reza KarazhyanWith the growing awareness of the importance of natural extracts with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, today the food industry is looking for the use these compounds instead of synthetic preservatives. To date, no research has been done to find an optimal mixtu MoreWith the growing awareness of the importance of natural extracts with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, today the food industry is looking for the use these compounds instead of synthetic preservatives. To date, no research has been done to find an optimal mixture of Origanum majorana, Long pepper, and Areca extracts against the gene expression of A and B enterotoxins of S. aureus. Therefore, in this study, we are seeking to provide a mixture of these extracts with the highest anti-enterotoxigenic activity using real-time PCR and mixture statistical methods. If successful, we introduce these extracts as an antagonist against the growth of pathogenic bacteria and the gene expression of enterotoxin of S. aureus. In the first stage, the antimicrobial activity of Origanum majorana, Long pepper, and Areca extracts was studied, which Origanum majorana had the highest antimicrobial activity among them. On the other hand, among the tested bacteria, gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive than gram-negative bacteria. The tested extracts had a synergistic effect on each other against the gene expression of A and B enterotoxins of S. aureus. The mixture of extracts including 47% Origanum majorana extract, 27% Long pepper extract, and 26% Areca extract showed the highest activity against the gene expression. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
662 - روند تغییرات روزانه ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی برگهای Azadirchta indica
پاول اگونبامو الامیلکان اوتدوBackground & Aim:Medicinal plants have been of immense therapeutic values to many communities, some traditional folklore places emphasis on collecting plants during the day for medicinal purpose. This study examined the effect of collection time on the phytochemical MoreBackground & Aim:Medicinal plants have been of immense therapeutic values to many communities, some traditional folklore places emphasis on collecting plants during the day for medicinal purpose. This study examined the effect of collection time on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Azadirachta indica leaves. Experimental: Leaves samples were collected at six hour intervals between 6AM to 6PM, phytochemical quantification was done using standard methods; antioxidant assays were done after ethanol extraction via reducing power and nitric oxide scavenging assay (NO). Results: Saponin concentration ranged from 1.08-1.24%, Tannin 0.22-0.31%, Steroid 0.08-0.14%, Glycoside 0.090-0.104%, Alkaloids 3.88-4.27%, Flavonoids 0.050-0.080% and 1.16-1.32% for Phenolics in the leaves of A. indica collected at different time of the day. The effect of time of sample collection on the phytochemical constituents shows that phytochemicals such as saponin, tannin, glycoside, alkaloids and phenolics are significantly (p<0.05) more concentrated in the leaves in the evening time (6PM) compared to other time period while steroid and flavonoid are also significantly more concentrated in the noon time (12PM). Reducing power assay shows that leave samples collected at 12PM exhibited the highest reducing power which is comparable with the samples collected at 6PM. The early morning samples showed the least reducing power while the standard antioxidant had higher reducing power than the three sample extracts. The highest percentage NO inhibition was observed in leave samples collected at 12PM (72.40%), but this is less than the ascorbic acid (standard antioxidant) which shows 84.47% inhibition. Analysis of the IC50 revealed that the afternoon sample (12PM) had the least value (23.29 μg/ml) thus, possessing better antioxidant capacity with respect to the NO scavenging; this is to a lower extent than the IC50 value (12.71 μg/ml) of the standard antioxidant. Recommended applications/industries: From the foregoing, variation exists in daytime concentrations of phytochemical in A. indica leaves which may impact on its pharmacological actions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
663 - بررسی میزان تأثیر اسانس گیاهان اکالیپتوس و آویشن شیرازی و عصاره آبی گیاه درمنه و ترکیب سینرژیستیک پیریمتامین_سولفادیازین بر توکسوپلاسموزیس حاد در موش Balb/c
سید رضا حسینی آرین اسعدپور بهزادیمقدمه و هدف: توکسوپلاسموزیس عفونت ناشی از انگل توکسوپلاسما گوندی بوده و یکی از متداول­ترین عفونت­های انگلی انسان و سایر حیوانات خونگرم به شمار می­رود. در این مطالعه تأثیر اسانس گیاهان اکالیپتوس و آویشن شیرازی و عصاره آبی گیاه درمنه و همچنین ترکیب سینرژیستیک& Moreمقدمه و هدف: توکسوپلاسموزیس عفونت ناشی از انگل توکسوپلاسما گوندی بوده و یکی از متداول­ترین عفونت­های انگلی انسان و سایر حیوانات خونگرم به شمار می­رود. در این مطالعه تأثیر اسانس گیاهان اکالیپتوس و آویشن شیرازی و عصاره آبی گیاه درمنه و همچنین ترکیب سینرژیستیک­ پیریمتامین­_ سولفادیازین بر توکسوپلاسموزیس حاد در مدل موشی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی اثر اسانس گیاهان اکالیپتوس و آویشن شیرازی و عصاره آبی گیاه درمنه و همچنین ترکیب سینرژیستیک­ پیریمتامین­_سولفادیازین بر توکسوپلاسموزیس حاد در مدل موشی، 44 سر موش Balb/cبا 10000 تاکی­زوایت سویه RH توکسوپلاسما گوندی از طریق داخل صفاقی آلوده و در 11گروه 4­تائی تقسیم­بندی شدند. به 9 گروه غلظت­های mg/kg/day150،mg/kg/day 300 و mg/kg/day600 از اسانس­های اکالیپتوس و آویشن­شیرازی و عصاره آبی درمنه به فاصله 24 ساعت از آلودگی به مدت 7 روز از طریق خوراکی خورانده شد. یک گروه هم با ترکیب شیمیایی پیریمتامین(با دوز mg/kg/day10) و سولفادیازین (با دوز mg/kg/day50) به فاصله 24 ساعت از آلودگی به مدت 10 روز به صورت خوراکی تحت تیمار قرار گرفتند و یک گروه هم به عنوان شاهد بیمار در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که از نظر مدت زمان بقاء تفاوت آشکاری بین گروه­های تیمار شده با اسانس و عصاره گیاهان و گروه شاهد بیمار وجود نداشت و همگی تا روز ششم تلف شدند، در­حالی­که موش­های مصرف کننده داروی شیمیایی همگی زنده ماندند و پس­ از­ آنکه مایع صفاقی و مغز یکی از موش­های این گروه به صورت جداگانه به دو گروه موش سوری سالم از طریق داخل صفاقی تلقیح شد مشاهده گردید که موش­هایی که مایع صفاقی به آن­ها تلقیح شده بود همگی زنده ماندند، در حالی­که موش­هایی که مغز به آن­ها تلقیح شده بود همگی تلف شدند. این نتیجه بیانگر آن بود که ترکیب پیریمتامین_سولفادیازین در دوز مذکور بر توکسوپلاسموزیس حاد کاملاً موثر است، ولی قادر به ریشه­کنی و از بین بردن کیست­های انگل در مغز نیست. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: بهتر است­ تحقیق جامع­تری در خصوص تأثیر گونه­های مختلف این گیاهان بر روی توکسوپلاسموزیس به صورت In vitro و In vivo انجام شود تا شاید بتوان دارویی موثر و بی­خطر بر علیه توکسوپلاسموزیس در جهان ارائه نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
664 - تأثیر عصاره ی متانولی درمنه کوهی (Artemisia aucheri Boiss. ) بر بهبود زخم های پوستی ایجاد شده با انگل لیشمانیا ماژور در Balb/c
معصومه رستمی حسین نهروانیان مهین فرهمند هاجر ضیایی مهدی شریف فاطمه صغری مقصودلو رادمقدمه و هدف: تحقیقات متعددی بر روی خواص‎ ‎ضد‎ ‎میکروبی گیاه درمنه ‏‎ Artemisia aucheri ‎‏ انجام شده است. با‎ ‎توجه‎ ‎به‎ ‎شیوع‎ ‎لیشمانیوز‎ ‎جلدی‎ ‎در‎ ‎مناطق‎ ‎مختلف‎ &l Moreمقدمه و هدف: تحقیقات متعددی بر روی خواص‎ ‎ضد‎ ‎میکروبی گیاه درمنه ‏‎ Artemisia aucheri ‎‏ انجام شده است. با‎ ‎توجه‎ ‎به‎ ‎شیوع‎ ‎لیشمانیوز‎ ‎جلدی‎ ‎در‎ ‎مناطق‎ ‎مختلف‎ ‎جهان‎ ‎و‎ ‎ایران‎ ‎و‎ ‎نظر‎ ‎به‎ ‎این­که‎ ‎ترکیبات‎ ‎پنج ظرفیتی‎ ‎آنتی موان‎ ‎که‎ ‎برای‎ ‎درمان این‎ ‎بیماری‎ ‎به‎ ‎کار‎ ‎می‎ ‎رود‎ ‎دارای‎ ‎عوارض‎ ‎جانبی‎ ‎متعددی‎ ‎می‎ ‎باشد،‎ ‎استفاده‎ ‎از‎ ‎گیاهان‎ ‎دارو‎یی‎ ‎مورد‎ ‎تأکید‎ ‎قرار‎ ‎گرفته‎ ‎است. این‎ ‎تحقیق‎ ‎به‎ ‎منظور بررسی‎ ‎تأثیر عصاره متانولی گیاه‎ ‎دارویی‎ ‎درمنه کوهی‎بر‎ ‎روی‎ ‎زخم‎ ‎های‎ ‎حاصل‎ ‎از‎ ‎لیشمانیا‎ ‎ماژور‎ ‎در‎ ‎موش‎ ‎آزمایشگاهی‎ ‎نژاد ‏‎ Balb/c‎انجام‎ ‎گرفت‎.‎ روش تحقیق: در این بررسی موشها به 5 دسته (در هر دسته 5 سر) شامل گروه شاهد سالم، گروه شاهد آلوده، گروه دریافت کننده ‏گلوکانتیم، گروه دریافت کننده عصاره گیاهی و گروه دریافت کننده سرم فیزیولوژی تقسیم شدند. به تمامی گروه ها ‏به جز گروه شاهد سالم، به میزان ‏‎2×106‎‏ از پروماستیگوت های انگل گونه لیشمانیا ماژور ‏MRHO/IR/75/ER‏ به ‏صورت زیر جلدی در قسمت قاعده دم تزریق گردید. پس از ایجاد زخم، ابعاد زخم هر هفته در طی دوره درمان اندازه ‏گیری شد. در پایان دوره، تمامی موش­ها با در نظر گرفتن ملاحظات اخلاقی از بین رفتند و اندام­های داخلی آن­ها از ‏جمله کبد، طحال و غدد لنفاوی جدا گردید و گسترش­های تهیه شده از آن­ها از نظر میزان تأثیر عصاره گیاهی بر ‏میزان انگل مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ‏ نتایج و بحث: عصاره گیاهی مورد نظر می تواند بر روی اندازه زخم، شدت عفونت در ضایعه و هم­چنین احشایی شدن انگل ‏تأثیر مطلوب بگذارد. این مطالعه برای اولین بار احشایی شدن انگل لیشمانیا ماژور را در موش ‏‎ Balb/c ‎گزارش می­‏کند. در طی این مطالعه عوارض جانبی در گروه تحت درمان با عصاره گیاهی مشاهده نشد. گسترش های به­دست آمده از ‏اندام­های طحال، کبد و غدد لنفاوی نشان دهنده کاهش بار انگل در این اندام­ها می باشد.‏ ‎عصاره متانولی گیاه درمنه کوهی در مقایسه با گلوکانتیم به عنوان داروی انتخابی درمان لیشمانیا، در مدل لیشمانیوز موشی بسیار موثرتر بود. ‏بنابراین این ترکیب می­تواند به عنوان یک جانشین مناسب گلوکانتیم در درمان لیشمانیوز در انسان و حیوان ‏معرفی گردد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: تأثیر ترکیب گیاهی مورد نظر جهت درمان زخم سالک بیشتر از داروی گلوکانتیم بود. لذا این تحقیق به عنوان یک گام در معرفی خواص این گیاه آن را به عنوان یک ترکیب مناسب جایگزین داروی گلوکانتیم در درمان لیشمانیوز پوستی مطرح می نماید Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
665 - The Effect of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) On Learning Idiomatic Expressions: A case of Iranian EFL students
Omid Tabatabaei -
Open Access Article
666 - A comparative comparison of how young individuals spend their leisure time in suburban and non-suburban areas of zahedan
Afshin Param سپیده حضرتی Azade MosaviThe present study was conducted by the aim of comparing how young individuals spend their leisure time in suburban and non-suburban areas of Zahedan. The study and importance of paying attention to the way in which young individuals spend their leisure time to some exte MoreThe present study was conducted by the aim of comparing how young individuals spend their leisure time in suburban and non-suburban areas of Zahedan. The study and importance of paying attention to the way in which young individuals spend their leisure time to some extent expresses the attitudes and values governed in society. In the past, the was in which leisure time was spent depended on the social strata of individuals. However now, with the changes in people s lifestyle, leisure time is considered part of each person s life that can play a meaningful role in their ability. The dominant opinions in this study are the ideas of Bordio and Domazie (1974). This study is an analytical descriptive one which was done by survey method. The statistical population of the study was all young individuals aged 18-29 years in Zahedan with the number of 1200 people which out of them, 291 people were selected as sample based on the multi-stage cluster sampling method. In order to collect information, a lifestyle questionnaire and a researcher-made reliability questionnaire (0/85) were used. Findings of this research indicate that: there is a significant difference between lifestyle, the was in which leisure time is spent and leisure time companions in suburban and leisure time companions in suburban and non-suburban areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
667 - Meta-analysis of the relationship between cultural capital and leisure time: based on a systematic review
Ehsan Sanatkar Mohsen Niazi Ayoub SakhaeiSo far, several researches have been conducted on the relationship between cultural capital and leisure time, especially in the theoretical framework of Bourdieu. For this purpose, all the researches that were published in the 90s in reliable quarterly journals were ext MoreSo far, several researches have been conducted on the relationship between cultural capital and leisure time, especially in the theoretical framework of Bourdieu. For this purpose, all the researches that were published in the 90s in reliable quarterly journals were extracted and analyzed in 5 levels with the system review method. Mend was examined and finally, based on the specified criteria, 11 works were selected and used in the meta-analysis process. In the initial stage, the assumptions of homogeneity and publication bias were checked, and after the tests, the heterogeneity and lack of publication bias were confirmed, and then the data were evaluated by CMA software. The findings of the current research show that the effect size of cultural capital and leisure time is 0.470, which is in the medium range based on Cohen's effect size interpretation system. Also, audience and education variables were considered as moderating variables and it was determined that the effect size coefficient in citizens (0.497) is more than youth (0.413) and in non-students (0.535) more than those studying (0.270). In fact, the findings show that the relationship of two variables with the adjustment of citizens and non-productive people can have different effects on each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
668 - A Meta-analysis of the relationship between cultural capital and leisure time: based on a systematic review
Mohsen Niazi Ehsan Sanatkar Ayoub SakhaeiSo far, much research has been conducted on the relationship between cultural capital and leisure time, especially in the theoretical framework of Bourdieu. For this purpose, all the researches that were published in the 90s in reliable quarterly journals were extracted MoreSo far, much research has been conducted on the relationship between cultural capital and leisure time, especially in the theoretical framework of Bourdieu. For this purpose, all the researches that were published in the 90s in reliable quarterly journals were extracted and analyzed in 5 levels with a systematic review method and finally, on the basis of the specified criteria, 11 works were selected and used in the meta-analysis process. In the initial stage, the assumptions of homogeneity and publication bias were checked, and after the tests, the heterogeneity and lack of publication bias were confirmed, and then the data were evaluated by CMA software. The findings of the current research showed that the effect size of cultural capital and leisure time is 0.470, which on the basis of Cohen's effect size interpretation system, is in the medium range. Also, audience and education variables were considered as moderating variables and it was determined that the coefficient of effect size among residents (0.497) was more than that of youth (0.413) and among non-students (0.535) was more than that of students (0.270). In fact, the findings showed that the relationship of the two variables with the adjustment of citizens and non- students can have different effects on each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
669 - Leisure for Metropolitan Women; Explaining Leisure Problems for Married Women in Tehran
Nader Jafari Haftkhani Seddigheh Rezania Marjan SaffariLeisure time is an exceptional opportunity to transmit culture and foster social cohesion and happiness; however, the reality of women's leisure time consumption in cities and especially in Tehran's metropolitan area indicates a much lower share of leisure time than men MoreLeisure time is an exceptional opportunity to transmit culture and foster social cohesion and happiness; however, the reality of women's leisure time consumption in cities and especially in Tehran's metropolitan area indicates a much lower share of leisure time than men and that there are serious limitations on their leisure, sports, and recreational facilities. The current study aimed at examining married women's leisure problems in Tehran. The research approach was qualitative and 23 semi-structured interviews were conducted with three groups of experts (policymakers, executives and university professors). Thematic Analysis was used for data analysing. It was found that two global themes of "Intra-governmental" and "Extra-governmental" problems could explain the leisure problems of the target group. "Marginalization", "Lack of special attention to women", "Conspicuous or exhibition policies", "Apathy" and "Managerial vacuum" are intra-governmental problems. "Restriction", "Dominance of consumption", "Accumulation of leisure" and "Conspicuous body project" are extra-governmental problems. This study illustrated that leisure problems for married women in Tehran have a cultural root and are caused by "cultural neglect and misunderstanding" about "woman" and "leisure". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
670 - A comparative study of young individuals’ leisure time activities in slum and non-slum areas of zahedan
afshin ghorbani param sepide hazrati Azade MosaviThis study aimed to compare how young individuals spend their leisure time in slum and non-slum areas of Zahedan. Studying and paying attention to the ways in which young individuals spend their leisure time expresses, to some extent the dominant attitudes and values of MoreThis study aimed to compare how young individuals spend their leisure time in slum and non-slum areas of Zahedan. Studying and paying attention to the ways in which young individuals spend their leisure time expresses, to some extent the dominant attitudes and values of the society. In the past, the ways in which leisure time was spent depended on the social class of individuals. However, nowadays, with the changes in people’s lifestyle, leisure time has become a part of each person’s life that can play a meaningful role in their capabilities. The theoretical framework of this study drew on the ideas of Bourdieu and Domazie. This study was an analytical descriptive one which was done by survey method. The research population of the study consisted of all young individuals aged 18-29 years in Zahedan who numbered 1200 people, of which, via a multi-stage cluster sampling method 291 people were selected as the sample. In order to collect information, a lifestyle questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of (0/85) were used. The findings indicated that there is a significant difference between lifestyles, the ways in which leisure time was spent, and leisure time companions in slum areas and non-slum areas Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
671 - Analysis of the relationship between place of residence, network social capital and social harms of young people (Study case: Youth of Khazane neighborhood of Tehran)
Mostafa Naziri Tahereh Mirsardoo Mohammad mehdi LabibiThe aim of the research was to"analyze the relationship between residence, network social capital and social damages" which was carried out among young people aged18-29in Khazane neighborhood of Tehran.The theoretical framework was formed by combining the theories of Co MoreThe aim of the research was to"analyze the relationship between residence, network social capital and social damages" which was carried out among young people aged18-29in Khazane neighborhood of Tehran.The theoretical framework was formed by combining the theories of Coleman, Putnam, Bourdieu, Lin, Fukuyama,Sutherland and Newman.The survey method, researcher-made questionnaire technique, was the statistical population of all young people(18-29 years old),which was extracted from the last census of 2015 of Iran Statistics Center.The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula (384). Stratified sampling was based on sex.The study unit was a young boy or girl living in Khazaneh neighborhood. For reliability, a sample of30 questionnaires was implemented among the community and its Cronbach's alpha value was higher than0.70.Hypotheses were tested using path analysis using LESREL 8.8 software and mean comparison test and variance analysis using spss26 software.The results of the path analysis test showed that the structure of the place of residence in the dimension of physical, educational and health environment and the structure of the place of residence in the dimension of spending leisure time and comfort facilities have a significant relationship with network social capital, and with a probability of 99%, the structure of network social capital with damage There is a significant social relationship among young people living in Khazaneh neighborhood of Tehran.The results of the analysis of variance also confirmed the relationship between the number of years of living in the place,the area of the residential house,the number of rooms,educational-health and welfare facilities with social damages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
672 - روش بهینه جدید در شناسایی مدل سری زمانی و مشکلات ان
احمدرضا زنبوری کریم زارعدر مدل خودبازگشتی-میانگین متحرک (arima) شناسایی مدل یکی از مراحل پیچیده می باشد . این مرحله بخصوص برای مدل های امیخته پیچیده تر می باشد . در این مقاله ابتدا روش باکس جنکینز را شرح داده و سپس به مشکل شناسایی مدل در این روش می پردازیم و در ادامه به بررسی مشکل باقیمانده ها Moreدر مدل خودبازگشتی-میانگین متحرک (arima) شناسایی مدل یکی از مراحل پیچیده می باشد . این مرحله بخصوص برای مدل های امیخته پیچیده تر می باشد . در این مقاله ابتدا روش باکس جنکینز را شرح داده و سپس به مشکل شناسایی مدل در این روش می پردازیم و در ادامه به بررسی مشکل باقیمانده ها در مدل های سری زمانی می پردازیم . با استفاده از این روش بهینه این مشکلات را حل می کنیم . روش استفاده شده در این مقاله در زمینه زمان و سرعت ، برتری مطلوبی نسبت به روش باکس جنکینز را دارا می باشد . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
673 - ککک
طاها مصطفایی فرزین مدرس خیابانی نیما جعفری نویمی پور بهروز دانشیان -
Open Access Article
674 - حل عددی معادلات دیفرانسیل کسری زمانی فوکر-پلانک -کولموگروف با استفاده از روش موجک هار و بررسی همگرایی و خطا
شعبان محمدی S. Reza Hejaziهدف از این مقاله ارائه یک روش عددی کارآمد برای یافتن جواب های عددی معادلات دیفرانسیل کسری-زمانی فوکر-پلانک-کلموگروف است. موج هار اولین بار بود که معرفی شد. معادله دیفرانسیل کسری زمان فوکر-پلانک-کلموگروف با استفاده از ماتریس عملیات موجک هار در این تکنیک به معادله خطی تبد Moreهدف از این مقاله ارائه یک روش عددی کارآمد برای یافتن جواب های عددی معادلات دیفرانسیل کسری-زمانی فوکر-پلانک-کلموگروف است. موج هار اولین بار بود که معرفی شد. معادله دیفرانسیل کسری زمان فوکر-پلانک-کلموگروف با استفاده از ماتریس عملیات موجک هار در این تکنیک به معادله خطی تبدیل می شود. این روش این مزیت را دارد که حل آن ساده است. شبیه سازی با استفاده از نرم افزار MATLAB انجام شده است. در نهایت، استراتژی پیشنهادی برای حل مشکلات خاص مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که روش عددی پیشنهادی هنگام استفاده از معادلات دیفرانسیل کسر زمانی فوکر-پلانک-کلموگروف بسیار دقیق و موثر است. نتایج برخی از مثالهای عددی به صورت جدول و نمودار مستند شده است تا کارایی و دقت روش پیشنهادی را توضیح دهد. علاوه بر این، برای همگرایی تکنیک پیشنهادی، نابرابری در زمینه تحلیل خطا به دست میآید Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
675 - مدل کنترل موجودی بهینه محصولات منسوخ شدنی با در نظر گیری تاخیر مجاز در پرداخت و تقاضا وابسته به زمان، با استفاده از الگوریتم PSO
حسن زمانی باجگانی محمدرضا غلامیاناین مطالعه یک مدل کنترل موجودی را برای تعیین چرخه بهینه بازپرسازی اقلام منسوخ شدنی ارائه میکند، که در آن تقاضای مشتری به صورت یک تابع کاهشی از زمان در حالت منسوخ شدن ناگهانی در نظر گرفته شده است. علاوه بر این، برای تشویق خریدار به خرید بیشتر، فروشنده می تواند به خریدار Moreاین مطالعه یک مدل کنترل موجودی را برای تعیین چرخه بهینه بازپرسازی اقلام منسوخ شدنی ارائه میکند، که در آن تقاضای مشتری به صورت یک تابع کاهشی از زمان در حالت منسوخ شدن ناگهانی در نظر گرفته شده است. علاوه بر این، برای تشویق خریدار به خرید بیشتر، فروشنده می تواند به خریدار اجازه دهد هزینه را با تاخیر پرداخت کند. بر این اساس، مقاله حاضر بر بررسی یک مدل کنترل موجودی برای اقلام منسوخ شدنی با در نظر گرفتن سیاست اعتبار تجاری و تقاضای وابسته به زمان و حالت منسوخ شدن ناگهانی تمرکز دارد. با توجه به غیر خطی بودن مدل پیشنهادی، از تقریب سری تیلور برای حل آن استفاده شد. علاوه بر این، برای جلوگیری از تأثیر تقریب سری تیلور بر راهحل بهینه، از یک الگوریتم فراابتکاری بهینهسازی ازدحام ذرات کارآمد برای یافتن راهحل نزدیک به بهینه استفاده شد که نشاندهنده پاسخهای بهتر است. سپس مثالهای عددی در مورد مطالعاتی صنعت عمده فروشی تلفن همراه برای نشان دادن اعتبار مدل پیشنهادی در نظر گرفته و حل شد. در نهایت، یک تحلیل حساسیت در زمینه اثرات پارامترهای اصلی بر سود کل و زمان چرخه بازپرسازی انجام شد. نتایج عددی حاکی از آن است که گنجاندن ریسک منسوخ شدگی در مدل موجودی کالا برای اقلام منسوخ شدنی در افزایش سود و در عین حال کاهش هزینه های این اقلام تاثیر بسزایی دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
676 - DESIGNING AN OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR PREVENTING THE WASTE TIME IN THE ACTIVITY CYCLE OF AN ORGANIZATION
م. طالقانی ی. مدبریان -
Open Access Article
677 - A REVIEW ON SEQUENCING APPROACHES FOR MIXED-MODEL JUST-IN-TIME PRODUCTION SYSTEM
Tanka Dhamala Shree Khadka -
Open Access Article
678 - .Study of Narration Speed in “the Sound and the Fury”
Dr. Darreh Dadjou Elham Shirvani ShaenayatiWilliam Faulkner is a modernist writer who mainly influenced on Iranian authors including Symphony of Dead Persons, by Abbas Maroufi. In this essay, we analyze the speed of narration in “the Sound and the Fury” by relying on Gerard Genette’s narrative MoreWilliam Faulkner is a modernist writer who mainly influenced on Iranian authors including Symphony of Dead Persons, by Abbas Maroufi. In this essay, we analyze the speed of narration in “the Sound and the Fury” by relying on Gerard Genette’s narrative discourse theory and its effective factors. Speed and rhythm of narration is a very important element in narration and one of the most important parameters in plot. Narration speed is analyzed for the reason that it shows the period of time the actions and events happen in a literary work and the volume of book they have occupied in evaluation with this period. In many sections of novel “the Sound and the Fury”, acceleration is negative and speed of narration slow; but total narration speed to the whole of novel is middle; because parameters of increasing or decreasing speed of narration were used in a balanced form in this novel, which caused the balanced speed in the whole of novel. The author used some techniques for compensation of narration slowness in different parts of novel in order to increase the stimulation; as a result, this novel is full of excitement, dynamics, movement, fear and unrest, internal and external challenges in spite of the slow speed of narration. In other words, this rhythmic novel has a slow rhythm and fast tempo. Therefore, this essay analyzes the speed of narration and its effective factors, as well as the author’s techniques for increasing narration movement and dynamics in an analytical form. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
679 - Morning vs. Afternoon Harvest Time of Alfalfa, Clover, and Barley Affect the Chemical Composition and Nutritional Value of Silage
J. Bayatkouhsar F. Rezaii F. Ghanbari R. Rahchamani -
Open Access Article
680 - مطالعه عوامل فنوتیپی و ژنتیکی مؤثر بر بازدهی تولید مثلدر طول عمر میشهای لری بختیاری
م. وطن خواهعوامل فنوتیپی و ژنتیکی مؤثر بر بازدهی تولید مثل در خلال طول عمر یک میش با استفاده از 8202 رکورد صفات تولید مثلی در طول عمر 2478 رأس میش جمعآوری شده طی سالهای 1989 تا 2012 مربوط به گله تحقیقاتی ایستگاه گوسفند لری بختیاری (شولی) واقع در جنوب غربی ایران (شهرکرد) برآورد Moreعوامل فنوتیپی و ژنتیکی مؤثر بر بازدهی تولید مثل در خلال طول عمر یک میش با استفاده از 8202 رکورد صفات تولید مثلی در طول عمر 2478 رأس میش جمعآوری شده طی سالهای 1989 تا 2012 مربوط به گله تحقیقاتی ایستگاه گوسفند لری بختیاری (شولی) واقع در جنوب غربی ایران (شهرکرد) برآورد گردید. بازدهی تولیدمثلی در خلال فرصتهای برهزایی، از حاصل جمع همه زایشها به ازای هر رأس میش در معرض آمیزش محاسبه شد. بازدهی تولید مثل شامل تعداد شکم زایش (NP)، تعداد کل برههای متولد شده (TNLB)، تعداد کل برههای شیرگیری شده (TNLW)، کل وزن تولد برهها (TLBW)، کل وزن شیرگیری برهها (TLWW)، کل وزن شیرگیری به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن میش (TLWW/EBW) و کل وزن شیرگیری به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن متابولیکی میش (TLWW/MEBW) بودند. دادهها به وسیله مدل حیوانی چندصفتی شامل اثر عوامل ثابت سال تولد میش، تعداد زایمان در طول عمر میش، متغییر کمکی وزن بدن میش، و اثر عوامل تصادفی ژنتیکی افزایشی حیوان و باقیمانده تجزیه شدند. میانگین کل صفات مرتبط با بازدهی تولیدمثلی به ترتیب معادل 31/3، 31/3، 21/3، 51/16 کیلوگرم، 31/87 کیلوگرم، 51/1 و 16/4 بودند. انحراف استاندارد همه صفات مورد بررسی به خصوص برای صفت TLWW بالا بودند. اثر عوامل غیر ژنتیکی بر روی همه صفات مورد بررسی معنیدار بودند (01/0P<). برآوردهای وراثتپذیری متوسط (30/0) برای NP و پایین (08/0 تا 11/0) برای سایر صفات بودند. همبستگیهای ژنتیکی و فنوتیپی بین صفات بازدهی تولیدمثلی در طول عمر میش به ترتیب بالا (72/0 تا 99/0) و متوسط تا بالا ( 57/0 تا 99/0) برآورد شدند. بنابراین، بهبود عوامل محیطی در ابتدا میتواند بهبودی قابل ملاحظهای در همه صفات مرتبط با بازدهی تولیدمثلی ایجاد نماید. برآورد وراثتپذیری پایین تا متوسط و همبستگیهای ژنتیکی گرفته شده بین صفات تولیدمثلی در طول عمر میش و انحراف استاندارد فنوتیپی بالای آنها، نشان دهنده امکان بهبودی به وسیله انتخاب برای همه صفات میباشد، به خصوص انتخاب برای NP میتواند کل وزن شیرگیری به عنوان بازده خالص تولیدمثلی در میشهای لری بختیاری را افزایش دهد. Manuscript profile -
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681 - The Effects of Various Essential Oils of Medical Plant Seeds and Spices on Digestion Characteristics and Population Changes of Ruminal Anaerobic Fungi in in vitro Condition
م. سجادیان م. دانش مسگران ع.ر. وکیلی -
Open Access Article
682 - خصوصیات تجزیه شکمبهای در محل سیلوهای ذرت، سورگوم و هبریدهای سورگوم-سودان گراس تحت تأثیر مرحله بلوغ
ن. کیلیکالپ اچ. هیزلی م. سومرلی ن. آوسیاین تحقیق با هدف مطالعه خصوصیات تجزیه در محل ذرت، سورگوم و هبریدهای سورگوم-سودان گراس صورت گرفت. گیاه کامل ذرت (TTM-815 و DK-711)، سورگوم (SS-506 و FS-5) و هبریدهای سورگوم × سودان گراس (P-988 و Grazer N2) تحت شرایط نیمه خشک پرورش داده شده و در مراحل مختلف بلوغ (او Moreاین تحقیق با هدف مطالعه خصوصیات تجزیه در محل ذرت، سورگوم و هبریدهای سورگوم-سودان گراس صورت گرفت. گیاه کامل ذرت (TTM-815 و DK-711)، سورگوم (SS-506 و FS-5) و هبریدهای سورگوم × سودان گراس (P-988 و Grazer N2) تحت شرایط نیمه خشک پرورش داده شده و در مراحل مختلف بلوغ (اواسط گل­دهی (MF)، خط شیری (ML) و خمیر سفت (HD)) برداشت شده و سیلو گردیدند. سه تکرار از نمونه­های سیلو در 0، 12، 24، 36، 48، 72 و 96 ساعت در سه تلیسه هلشتاین فیستوله شده، انکوباسیون گردیدند. اثر گونه بر مقادیر خصوصیات تجزیه شکمبه­ای (a، b، (a+b)، c)، تجزیه­پذیری ماده خشک موثر (EDMD) و انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME) (بر حسب مگاژول در هر کیلوگرم سیلو­های ذرت (M)، سورگوم (S) و هبریدهای سورگوم × سودان گراس (SSH)) معنی­دار بودند. تجزیه­پذیری ماده خشک مؤثر (EDMD2) ماده خشک برای انواع مختلف سیلاژ به ترتیب 65/286، 37/259، 0/265 گرم در هر کیلوگرم به دست آمد (0001/0>P). الیاف محلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADF) بهترین پیش­بینی­کننده برای تجزیه­پذیری ماده خشک مؤثر سیلوهای هبریدهای سورگوم × سودان گراس بود (05/0>P و 448/0=R). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
683 - اثر زمانهای مختلف تغذیه روی عملکرد گاوهای شیری دورگه در طی تنش گرمایی تابستان
م. گول آی. احمد ر. خان اس. ام سهیل اس. اختر آ. رحمان آ. ایجاز آ. گوهربخش پرورش حیوانات اهلی در پاکستان یک موقعیت بی­نظیر را در توسعه اقتصاد ملی این کشور شامل می­شود. مطالعه حاضر برای ارزیابی به کارگیری استراتژی کاهش استرس گرما از طریق استفاده از زمان­های مختلف تغذیه روی صفات عملکردی تولید و ترکیب شیر و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی آ Moreبخش پرورش حیوانات اهلی در پاکستان یک موقعیت بی­نظیر را در توسعه اقتصاد ملی این کشور شامل می­شود. مطالعه حاضر برای ارزیابی به کارگیری استراتژی کاهش استرس گرما از طریق استفاده از زمان­های مختلف تغذیه روی صفات عملکردی تولید و ترکیب شیر و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی آن در گاوهای شیری در طی فصل تابستان انجام شد. بیست رأس گاو هلشتاین فریزین به طور تصادفی در چهار گروه تیماری (G1: 80/20، G2: 50/50،G3 : 100/0 وG4 : 0/100؛ از نسبت­های روز به شب) تقسیم شدند. تولید و ترکیب شیر و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمایی آن و سطح مالون­دی­آلدئید در سرم خون تعیین شدند. نتیجه­گیری اینکه تغییرات در زمان تغذیه، به طور معنی­داری تولید شیر را در گروه­هایی که در بخش خنک­تر روز تغذیه می­کردند افزایش داد. ترکیب شیر و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی آن نیز از نوسانات تغذیه در زمان­های صبح و عصر تأثیر ­پذیرفته­اند. بنابراین، تغییر در زمان تغذیه در طی فصل تابستان در نواحی گرم یک روش عملیاتی مناسب برای بر طرف نمودن اثرات تنش گرمایی روی عملکرد تولیدی گاوهای شیری است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
684 - بررسی اثر عوامل تأثیرگذار بر طول عمر و زندهمانی گوسفندان گیلان با استفاده از مدلهای خطی و غیرخطی
م. نداف فهمیده ن. قوی حسین زاده م. گلشنیزنده­مانی بره­ها یکی از مهم­ترین فاکتورهای مؤثر بر سودآوری گله­های گوسفند می­باشد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی عوامل غیرژنتیکی مؤثر بر زنده­مانی گوسفندان گیلان از تولد تا یک­­سالگی با استفاده از مدل­های خطی و غیرخطی می­باشد. رکوردهای ط Moreزنده­مانی بره­ها یکی از مهم­ترین فاکتورهای مؤثر بر سودآوری گله­های گوسفند می­باشد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی عوامل غیرژنتیکی مؤثر بر زنده­مانی گوسفندان گیلان از تولد تا یک­­سالگی با استفاده از مدل­های خطی و غیرخطی می­باشد. رکوردهای طول عمر و زنده­مانی تعداد 41037 راس بره، حاصل از 496 رأس قوچ و 10256 رأس میش، گوسفندان گیلان، با استفاده از مدل­های خطی و نسبت خطر با تابع ویبول تجزیه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین کل طول عمر از تولد تا یک­سالگی برابر با 84/1260 روز بود. اثرات ثابت گله، سن مادر زمان زایش، جنسیت، سال و ماه تولد و اثر متقابل سن مادر زمان زایش-جنسیت ارتباط معنی­داری با طول عمر داشتند (05/0>P). اما اثرات نوع تولد، وزن تولد، اثرات­ متقابل جنسیت- نوع تولد بره، سن مادر زمان زایش-نوع تولد بره، ارتباط معنی­داری با طول عمر نداشتند (05/0<P). بره­های نر میزان زنده­مانی کمتر و نسبت خطر بیشتری در مقایسه با بره­های ماده داشتند. بره­های متولد شده در سال­های اخیر و ماه­های آخر سال با نسبت خطر بیشتر و زنده­مانی کمتر در دوره سنی تولد تا 2 ماهگی و تولد تا یک­سالگی قرار داشتند. بره­های متولد شده در ماه­های ابتدایی زایش زنده­مانی بیشتر و نسبت خطر کمتری داشتند که در سن 3، 6 و 9 ماهگی قرار داشتند. با وجود اینکه در دوره­های سنی تولد تا 2 و 3 ماهگی، بره­های دو قلو زنده­مانی کمتر و نسبت خطر بیشتری از بره­های تک ­قلو داشتند، در سایر سنین تفاوت بین بره­های تک­قلو و دو­قلو معنی­دار نبود. به منظور بررسی زنده­مانی بره­ها، مدل­های خطی و غیر خطی می­توانند مورد استفاده قرار گیرند و با مدیریت عوامل غیر ژنتیکی، بهبود این امر مهم ممکن شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
685 - Dlk1 Gene Expression in Different Tissues of Lamb
S.H. Masoudzadeh M.R. Mohammadabadi A. Khezri O.A. Kochuk-Yashchenko D.M. Kucher O.I. Babenko M.V. Bushtruk S.V. Tkachenko R.V. Stavetska N.I. Klopenko V.P. Oleshko M.V. Tkachenko I.V. Titarenko -
Open Access Article
686 - The effect of Fire of Wheat Residues and Sawdust on Soil Water Repellency
Atefeh Mohammadzadeh Kamran MohsenifarCrop residue burning has been proved to have negative impacts on regional atmospheric environment, soil organic material, reduce soil fertility for long term and soil and water pollution. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Burning the wheat MoreCrop residue burning has been proved to have negative impacts on regional atmospheric environment, soil organic material, reduce soil fertility for long term and soil and water pollution. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Burning the wheat residue and sawdust on the water repellency of soil. For this purpose, sampling was done of soil surface (0-15 cm) in the east of Ahvaz city in four treatments: sawdust, burned sawdust, wheat residue and burned wheat residue, with 3 replications in ratio of 5, 10 and 25 presents by weight. for measure soil water repellency, was used water drop penetration time (WDPT) method. Analysis of obtained data and mean comparisons were done with using SPSS software and drawing charts with Excel. The results showed that the average water drop penetration time into the soil was 116.33 seconds, the soil was placed in the strongly water repellent class. With the addition sawdust and wheat residues to the soil, were decreased the amount of water penetration into the soil. So that the (WDPT) time from 116.33 in blank treatment decreased to 62.67 and 47.67 second (respectively) in the 25% treatment. The water repellency class was changed from strongly to slightly water repellent. But burned sawdust and burned wheat residues were increased the amount of water penetration into the soil, so that the (WDPT) from 116.33 in blank treatment increased to 923 and 1008.33 second (respectively) in the 25% treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
687 - Enhancement of valerenic acid production in Valeriana officinalis roots by methyl jasmonate -mediated transcriptional changes of sesquiterpene synthase genes
Hengameh Taheri Mansour Ghesmati -
Open Access Article
688 - The effect of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on FAE1 and FAD2 gene expression in Camelina sativa
Tayebehalsadat Mirmoeini Leila Pishkar Danial Kahrizi Giti Barzin Naser Karimi -
Open Access Article
689 - Effect of harvest time and height on seed quality and enzyme activity in onion (Allium cepa L.) seeds
Roghayyeh Sheykhbaglou Mohammad Sedghi Samad Mobasser -
Open Access Article
690 - Enhancement of valerenic acid production in Valeriana officinalis roots by methyl jasmonate-mediated transcriptional changes of sesquiterpene synthase genes
Hengameh Taheri Mansour Ghesmati -
Open Access Article
691 - Meaning maker form tensions in Educational texts (a case and formalistic study on Boostan)
Mohsen BotlabA text is a coherent totality that consists of signs tension based on some relationships. The relationships include conflict and similarity which have become substituted and collocated. Among the texts that have been written to teach and imposed a certain meaning, some MoreA text is a coherent totality that consists of signs tension based on some relationships. The relationships include conflict and similarity which have become substituted and collocated. Among the texts that have been written to teach and imposed a certain meaning, some have significant form and prominent tensions. Poetic educational anecdotes are texts that the author of this article has tried to get the most semantic use from tension between form signs namely, rhythm, poetry and narrative. In this study attempts are made to analyze Boostan, as one of the most influential educational texts, through descriptive analytical method and with formalistic approach. using narrative descriptions, time cycles and internalized time, use of hyper-narrative, reader orientation etc… are the most important meaning making techniques that has led to changes of this text into a didactic text type and other similar texts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
692 - An Improved W-LEACH Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network
Farhad Rad Zahra Moghtaderinasab Hamid Parvin -
Open Access Article
693 - A High Performance and Secure Way to Time Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Network
Mehdi Bagherizadeh Rezvan Kazemi -
Open Access Article
694 - Applying Adaptive Network-based fuzzy Inference System to Predict Travel Time in Highways for Intelligent Transportation Systems
Rouhollah Maghsoudi Behzad Moshiri -
Open Access Article
695 - Scheduling of Real-time Processes Distribution on Multiprocessor Using Meta-Heuristic Ant Colony Algorithms, Genetics and PSO
Mostafa Soleymani Hossein Nematzadeh -
Open Access Article
696 - DisTriB: Distributed Trust Management Model Based on Gossip Learning and Bayesian Networks in Collaborative Computing Systems
Abdulbaghi Ghaderzadeh Mehdi Kargahi Midia Reshadi -
Open Access Article
697 - A New Dynamic Clustering Control Method in Wireless Sensor Networks
Rohollah Omidvar Hamid Parvin Farhad Rad Amin Eskandari Ali Chamkoori -
Open Access Article
698 - A Balanced Distribution Method Of Cluster Head Selection For Clustering In Wireless Sensor Networks
Marzieh Gholami Mehdi Golsorkhtabaramiri -
Open Access Article
699 - Using Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm to Solve University Exam Timetabling Problem
Mehdi Yadollahi Seyedeh Sedigheh Razavi -
Open Access Article
700 - Sentimental Categorization of Persian News Headlines using Three Machine Learning Techniques Versus Human Categorization
Vahid Mirzaeian -
Open Access Article
701 - Multivariate Time Series Prediction Considering Intra-Time-Series and Inter-Time-Series Dependencies
Parinaz Eskandarian Jamshid Bagherzadeh Habibollah Pirnejad Zahra Niazkhani -
Open Access Article
702 - NSE: An effective model for investigating the role of pre-processing using ensembles in sentiment classification
Razieh Asgarnezhad Amirhassan Monadjemi -
Open Access Article
703 - Solving the Job Scheduling Problem in Open Shop Using Bat Algorithm
Sima Sivandi -
Open Access Article
704 - Translation Invariant Approach for Measuring Similarity of Signals
A. Darvishi -
Open Access Article
705 - Detecting Huntington Patient Using Chaotic Features of Gait Time Series
Armin Allahverdy Mahboobeh Golchin -
Open Access Article
706 - Chaotic Time Series Prediction Using Optimal Fuzzy Systems Based on Sequential Quadratic Programming-Case Study: Gold Price
Rasoul Rajaei Ali Akbar Gharaveisi Seyed Mohammad Ali Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
707 - A Novel Noise Reduction Method Based on Subspace Division
Amin Zehtabian Behzad Zehtabian -
Open Access Article
708 - Time Slot Allocation Algorithm Based On TDMA Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks
Somayeh Rahmani Ahmad Khademzadeh Amir Masoud Eftekhari Moghadam -
Open Access Article
709 - A New Concurrency Control algorithm in Temporal Database
Mirsaeid Hosseini Shirvani Mehran Mohsenzadeh Seyed Majid Hosseini Shirvani -
Open Access Article
710 - IPSO-SQP Algorithm for Solving Time Optimal Bang-Bang Control Problems and Its Application on Autonomous Underwater Vehicle
Tahereh Taleshian Abolfazl Ranjbar Noei Reza Ghaderi -
Open Access Article
711 - Chaotic Time Series Prediction by Auto Fuzzy Regression Model
Haleh Nazari Homayun Motameni Babak Shirazi -
Open Access Article
712 - A Routing Algorithm based on Fuzzy Clustering and Minimum Cost Tree (FCMCT) in Wireless Sensor Network
Maryam Javaherian Abolfazl T.Haghighat -
Open Access Article
713 - The study effectiveness of Satureja khuzestanica extract on Leishmania major in vitro condition
M. Asmar S. Asiabi R. A. Fattahi لیلا Modiri مهین Farahmand Kh Issazade Sh. YavariThis study aimed to determine effectiveness of Satureja khuzestanica extract on Leishmania major in vitro. In present study standard strain of Leishmania major with MRHO/IR/75/ER international code was used that previously had been cultured in NNN medium. This parasite MoreThis study aimed to determine effectiveness of Satureja khuzestanica extract on Leishmania major in vitro. In present study standard strain of Leishmania major with MRHO/IR/75/ER international code was used that previously had been cultured in NNN medium. This parasite was transferred from NNN medium to RPMI 1640 medium. Then at logarithmic phase, certain numbers of parasite were taken from this medium and were added to cell culturing plate. Then effect of 250 , 500 , 1000 mg /ml extract of Satureja khuzestanica on Leishmania major promastigotes were examined in 24 and 72 hours and the effect of these concentrations were compared to glucantime. Additionally, effects of concentrations such as 250, 300, 350, 400, 450 mg / ml of Satureja khuzestanica extract was examined to obtain its minimum effective concentration. In the study and comparison between extract and glucantime with concentrations 250 , 500 , 1000 , mg /ml , after 72 hours , decrease in promastigote population were compared to untreated control in these concentrations and for Satureisa khuzestanica extract were 56.14% , 77.19% and 77.19% , respectively while for glucantime it was 19.29 , 24.56 , 33.33% respectively. Minimum effective concentration of this extract was up to 250 mg /ml . Satureja khuzestanica extract has an acceptable effect on Leishmania major in in vitro conditions in comparison with glucantime Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
714 - Forecasting Outcomes of the Effects of Recreational Projects on the Quality Of Life in Local Communities (Case Study: Entertainment Complex in the 15th Municipality of Tehran)
siavash palizban Azade ArbabiThe fact is that over the past decade, the concept of quality of life and the level of satisfaction with life in cities have become widespread, and recreational and tourism centers in metropolitan cities, according to the multidimensional nature of humans, can diversify MoreThe fact is that over the past decade, the concept of quality of life and the level of satisfaction with life in cities have become widespread, and recreational and tourism centers in metropolitan cities, according to the multidimensional nature of humans, can diversify their functions by providing various cultural and recreational needs in a planned space. The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of life and economic indicators due to the effects of recreational areas and feasibility study on the construction of recreational projects such as the "indoor Entertainment project" in the Moshirieh neighborhood" with regard to the economic and social implications of this project on the city and with a futuristic view. And an analysis of the importance of the effects of this recreational project.The research method was descriptive in terms of collecting documentary-descriptive information and some of the information was collected through questionnaires, interviews, observation, tables, sampling and also databases. the data required for this section were also collected used 300 questionnaires from the households surrounding the project site and used the software SPSS20 has been analyzed.Existing studies in area 15 show that the construction of recreation centers has a significant effect on predicting the increase of environmental quality indices and if the traffic negative effects are reduced building such projects, the identity of the residents can be strengthened. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
715 - The Role of Camping In times of leisure manpower students (Cease Study: High school students 2 Area Rasht)
mohammadbaset ghoreshi minabad seyedeh tayebeh mirvaseIntroduction Student camping is a type of touring activity done in group and controlled by trainers outside school environment. Camping if done with a suitable management and purpose can be an appropriate activity to fill parts of students' leisure time in addi MoreIntroduction Student camping is a type of touring activity done in group and controlled by trainers outside school environment. Camping if done with a suitable management and purpose can be an appropriate activity to fill parts of students' leisure time in addition to being effective activity regarding different educational approaches. It requires study and survey to recognize the type and degree of this effect. The present article tends to study the role of camps in enriching high school students' leisure time with an emphasis on the role of human experts to increase the efficiency of camps from different facets. Research Methodology The methodology used is of descriptive-analytic type. The information on the condition of holding camps for boys and girls, in state and private schools, consequences, and different roles of camps in students' opinions are investigated. To collect data documentary and field studies have been carried out. Documentary study is used to collect data to show number, time, period, camps destination, and company of people in them. Field study is conducted to gain information on the students' views about the process of holding camps and their consequences in schools. In field study, a questionnaire in Liker Scale has been used. The area of study encompasses high schools in district 2 of education office in Rasht city. * Responsible Author: Ghoreshi@iaurasht.ac.ir The subject population includes all the high school students totaled 15909, in the educational year of 2007-8. Based on Morgan Table, the sample population consists of 375. Due to likely defects of questionnaire and the probability that some of them Are left unanswered, 400 questionnaires were finally distributed using random sampling. Tools used to collect data are a researcher-made questionnaire. To analyze findings, t test and correlation coefficient are utilized. Results Findings reveal that few numbers of students are taken to camping. The highest rate is 15 percent of private school girl students, and no camp was held for boys in private schools. Thus, camps have small role in filling students' leisure time. As expected, most students are willing to participate in these camps, and girl students are somehow more willing than boys are in this regard. Around 80 percent of students believe that camps are not effective in enriching their leisure time unless it is held at an appropriate time. At present, camps are mostly held in April that is not, in fact, an appropriate time for students' leisure time activity regarding educational calendar, whereas this season is high time for students to study and review their lessons for final examination. That is why students are highly willing for the camp to be held in their leisure time that is school off time or season. The mind-triggering issue here is that teachers and trainers as human experts have very small role is students' academic efficiency and learning. Around 60 percent of respondents certified this issue referring to the management of camping that is being heeded inadequately. Conclusion The results of research present that camps have influence to enrich the times of leisure of students and the students think that role of teachers as expert manpower rated in moderate science efficiency but in opinion of that students who participate in these camps, the role of teachers is less than lower bound. Results of regression testing confirm that camping is effective in enrich the times of leisure. Also gathering expert manpower is effective in science efficiency of students and this effect is %27 so there are the other effective factors in science efficiency of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
716 - Trends in extreme daily temperature in south west of Iran during recent decades
alireza shakiba einallah khalili amaneh dashtbozorgiLong-term annual or seasonal averages of climatic variables like temperature, has generally been used as indicator for the assessment of climate change. Accordingly, this paper is aimed to examine extreme temperature as indicative climatic variable in synoptic sta MoreLong-term annual or seasonal averages of climatic variables like temperature, has generally been used as indicator for the assessment of climate change. Accordingly, this paper is aimed to examine extreme temperature as indicative climatic variable in synoptic stations of Ahwaz located in Khozestan province during a 40 year period (1964- 2003) to determine recent climatic changes over the mentioned area. To achieve the aim, 6 indices of extreme temperature recommended by the internationally agreed WMO–CCL/CLIVAR list of over 50 climate change indices climate extremes were selected and calculated. The six indices are consist of cold nights, cold days, warm nights, hot days, summer days and diurnal temperature range. These indices describe cold extremes as well as warm extremes. Extreme temperature indices for this study are based on the 1st and 99th percentiles. According to the current climate condition, based on ARIMA model, 10 years prediction of mentioned indices also was made. The results of the research indicated that thermal conditions over the area are changing as indicated by a warming trend identified during the study period. The results also shown the marked negative trends for indices such as cold days, cold nights and diurnal temperature range over the region. While significant increases are detected in the annual number of hot days, warm nights and summer days. The output of ARIMA model confirmed consist warming trend for Ahwaz in the next 10 years (2004-2013). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
717 - افزایش کیفیت جوانه زنی و رشد نهال در بذرهای Antirrhinum, Dahlia, Impatiens, Salvia و Zinnia
ایرن اوزدن Sıtkı Ermiş ابراهیم دمیراین مطالعه برای بررسی اثر هیدروپرایمینگ روی جوانه­زنی بذر و رشد دانهال 5 گونه گل بذری (میمون، کوکب، حنا، مریم گلی و آهار) انجام شد. هیدروپرایمینگ (20 درجه سانتی­گراد به مدت 24 ساعت)، خشک کردن سطحی یا خشک کردن در حد رطوبت اولیه، باعث افزایش درصد جوانه­زنی، ظه Moreاین مطالعه برای بررسی اثر هیدروپرایمینگ روی جوانه­زنی بذر و رشد دانهال 5 گونه گل بذری (میمون، کوکب، حنا، مریم گلی و آهار) انجام شد. هیدروپرایمینگ (20 درجه سانتی­گراد به مدت 24 ساعت)، خشک کردن سطحی یا خشک کردن در حد رطوبت اولیه، باعث افزایش درصد جوانه­زنی، ظهور گیاهچه و وزن تر و خشک شد. در تمام گونه­ها، حداکثر جوانه­زنی و ظهور گیاهچه در خشک کردن سطحی حاصل شد. حداکثر سودمندی در گل­های میمون و کوکب به چشم خورد. در این دو گونه، خشک کردن سطحی بذرها باعث به­ترتیب 18 و 17 درصد جوانه­زنی بیشتر و 20 و 13 درصد ظهور گیاهچه بیشتر در مقایسه با شاهد شد. در همه­ی گونه­ها، اگرچه این تیمارها اثر مثبت داشت؛ اما اثر آن کمتر بود. به­طورکلی می­توان نتیجه گرفت که هیدروپرایمینگ می­تواند کیفیت دانهال را در گل­های بذری بالا ببرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
718 - بیان ژن ایزومراز کالکون در مراحل مختلف گلدهی اطلسی و رنگهای مختلف گل
فاطمه کیخا آخر عبدالرضا باقری نسرین مشتاقی مسعود فخرفشانیاطلسی یکی از مهمترین گیاهان زینتی در صنعت گل و گیاهان زینتی است. این گیاه به­ عنوان یک گیاه مدل زینتی شناخته می شود و یکی از مهمترین گیاهان در بازار فروش گل می­ باشد. فلاونوئیدها یکی از اصلی ­ترین ترکیبات در این گیاه است. بنابراین مهندسی ژنتیک با هدف تغییر ر Moreاطلسی یکی از مهمترین گیاهان زینتی در صنعت گل و گیاهان زینتی است. این گیاه به­ عنوان یک گیاه مدل زینتی شناخته می شود و یکی از مهمترین گیاهان در بازار فروش گل می­ باشد. فلاونوئیدها یکی از اصلی ­ترین ترکیبات در این گیاه است. بنابراین مهندسی ژنتیک با هدف تغییر رنگ گل در اطلسی بر این ترکیبات متمرکز شده است. برای بدست آوردن نمای کلی از بیان ژن­ ها در مسیر بیوسنتزی گیاه اطلسی، ما بیان ژن چالکون ایزومراز را در رنگ ­های مختلف و مراحل متفاوت گلدهی در این گیاه بررسی کردیم. همچنین برای بدست آوردن رابطه احتمالی بین بیان ژن و میزان این ترکیبات، غلظت فلاونوئیدهای کل، آنتوسیانین ­ها و نارنجنین اندازه ­گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیان ژن چالکون ایزومراز در رنگ ­های مختلف اطلسی متفاوت بود. بطوری­ که بیشترین بیان ژن در اطلسی با رنگ گل قرمز مشاهده شد. همچنین غلظت نارنجنین در این رنگ گل بیشترین مقدار بود. در مقایسه با مراحل مختلف گلدهی، مرحله 1 بیشترین بیان را داشت. به عبارت دیگر هنگامی که گل­ ها به­ طور کامل بسته بودند (غنچه گل)، بیان و غلظت چالکون ایزومراز بیشترین مقدار بود. نتایج آزمایش ما نشان داد که چالکون ایزومراز یکی از ژن ­های کلیدی در مسیر بیوسنتزی تولید رنگ در این گیاه است به ­طوری که در غیاب این ژن، تولید رنگ متوقف خواهد شد. شناسایی ژن­ های موثر در مسیر تولید متابولیت ­های ثانویه در انتخاب صحیح ژن­ ها برای تغییر ژنتیکی آن­ ها و تولید متابولیت­ های ثانویه مختلف موثر خواهد بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
719 - Improving agronomic and morphological characteristics of forage maize by changing planting date and determining the most suitable harvest time in Varamin region
Majid AbdoliIn order to investigate the effect of planting date and harvest time on the morphological traits of forage maize (cv. Karoun 701), an experiment of split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in Varamin in year of 2015. Treatment MoreIn order to investigate the effect of planting date and harvest time on the morphological traits of forage maize (cv. Karoun 701), an experiment of split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in Varamin in year of 2015. Treatments included five planting dates as main factor (9th of April, 21th of May, 18th of June, 30th of June and 15th of July) and two harvesting times as sub-factor (milky stage and dough stage). The result showed that the effect of planting dates had significant at 1% level on the plant height, leaf width, leaf area, cob diameter and fresh yield. But had no significant effect on the number of leaf per plant, leaf length, number of internode per plant and stem diameter and were not affected by planting date. Results of this experiment showed that planting date of 30th of June was superior to other planting dates in terms of morphological traits such as plant height, leaf width, leaf area, cob diameter and fresh yield of plant compared to other planting dates, and the amount of the above traits with early and delay in planting are greatly reduced. In between, harvesting time at milky stage had the highest leaf width and leaf area and harvesting at dough stage had the highest fresh yield of plant. It is recommended to obtain optimum corn yield, sowing operations should be carried out in the first half of July in Varamin region and for harvesting quality forage at milky stage and to obtain greater harvest yield at dough stage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
720 - Assessment of the role of growth reduction factors on some morpho-physiological and yield indicators of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars in climate condition of Khouzestan
Marzieh Gorgizadeh Shahram Lak Abdolali GilaniIn order to Assessment of the role of growth reduction factors on some morpho-physiological and yield indicators of rice cultivars an experiment in the year 2018 was conducted as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimentation f MoreIn order to Assessment of the role of growth reduction factors on some morpho-physiological and yield indicators of rice cultivars an experiment in the year 2018 was conducted as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimentation factors included various rice varieties: Champa, Chermez-anbori and Hoveizeh in the main plot and reducing growth factors include: control (without cutting), consumption of half a liter of medax top in 45 days after planting, cut 65 days after planting to a height of 35 cm and cut 85 days after planting at a height of 35 cm in the subplot was. the results showed difference between levels of reducing growth factors in terms of stem height, panicle number, number of hollow seed per panicle and seed yield were at 1% probability and 1000-seed weight at 5% level. the difference between cultivars in terms of number of hollow seed per panicle at 1% level and 1000 grain weight at 5% probability level. highest number of hollow seed per panicle was in the control and the lowest in the cut 65 days after planting. the highest grain yield was obtained in the application of medax top with average of 4.7 tons/ha and the lowest grain yield with average of 3.19 tons/ha was obtained by cutting in 85 days after planting. So it can be cut by 65 days after the planting and use of the medax top or using the hoveizeh cultivar to reach the desired results in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
721 - Analyzing the social health factors explanation of Tabriz Citizens
Mahmoud ElmiOne of the key goals of health system in each country is to maintain and improve the health and quality of life for all people in the community. To do this, providing the appropriate facilities for meeting the physical, mental, social health needs of human life at all s MoreOne of the key goals of health system in each country is to maintain and improve the health and quality of life for all people in the community. To do this, providing the appropriate facilities for meeting the physical, mental, social health needs of human life at all stages is considered as the basic rights. Health is not just a biological subject, but social factors are also involved in determining the health status of the people. Many factors contribute to this situation from which we can mention the social confidence, Leisure time, feelings of hopelessness, religious beliefs and socio-economic status of individuals. Method of study is Survey and techniques for collecting the data was standardized questionnaire. Statistical Population includes Tabriz households who were 428,009. According to the formula for determining the sample size, we selected 326 households for Tabriz city. Sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling method. The overall aim of this study was to determine the social factors associated with social health in Tabriz families. Results of this study show that there was a significant relationship between social health of household of Tabriz and the mentioned variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
722 - تجزیه بهرهوری محصول جو در ایران: مقایسه شاخصهایTT، GI،MGI و GTTI
حبیب شهبازیدر این مقاله، شاخصهای جدیدی برای برآورد تغییرات فنی، بازده مقیاس، و رشد بهرهوری کل عوامل تولید و تجزیه آن ارائه شده است. این شاخص­ها شامل، شاخص عمومی تعدیلیافته، شاخص عمومی تعدیل و تعمیمیافته و شاخص روند زمانی عمومی است که تعمیمیافته رویکرد شاخص عمومی هستند. ا Moreدر این مقاله، شاخصهای جدیدی برای برآورد تغییرات فنی، بازده مقیاس، و رشد بهرهوری کل عوامل تولید و تجزیه آن ارائه شده است. این شاخص­ها شامل، شاخص عمومی تعدیلیافته، شاخص عمومی تعدیل و تعمیمیافته و شاخص روند زمانی عمومی است که تعمیمیافته رویکرد شاخص عمومی هستند. این روشها برای تجزیه بهرهوری تولید جو ایران برای سالهای 2000 تا 2012 برای 20 استان استفاده شده است. برای انتخاب بهترین روش، رشد بهرهوری کل عوامل تولید به روش، TT، GI،MGI و GTTI با شاخص دیویژیا مقایسه شد. نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت بین رشد بهرهوری کل عوامل تولید جور در رویکرد TT، GI،MGI و GTTI با شاخص دیویژیا به ترتیب 12/39، 94/17، 71/9 و 61/1 درصد است. براساس نتایج، روش MGI روش مناسبی است وقتی دادههای سری زمانی یا پنل دیتا با مقاطع عرضی کم وجود دارد. همچنین وقتی، نیاز به مقایسه دو دوره زمانی که منظم نیستند میباشد (مثلاً دو برنامه یا سیاست)، روش GMGI پیشنهاد میشود. وقتی دادههای سری زمانی یا پنل دیتا با مقاطع عرضی کم است و روند زمانی در دادهها وجود دارد، روش GTTI برای برآورد تغییرات فنی، بازده مقیاس، و رشد بهره وری کل عوامل تولید پیشنهاد میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
723 - Determinants of Deprivation Among Part–time Cassava Farming Households in the Humid Tropic
Nsikak-Abasi A Etim Sunday Okon Iniobong A. AkpabioAs cost of living rises and people’s wages / salaries do not cover their basic food and dietary needs, interest in parttime farming has risen. Part-time farming activities are being practiced by different people as a food security strategy from vulnerable househol MoreAs cost of living rises and people’s wages / salaries do not cover their basic food and dietary needs, interest in parttime farming has risen. Part-time farming activities are being practiced by different people as a food security strategy from vulnerable households. But these part-time farms have had limited success in providing food/nutrition security, increasing incomes and improving well-being. Understanding the factors underlying their persistent deprivation is imperative when designing policies and programmes to meet their needs and improve their welfare. Farm level survey data collected from 60 households with the aid of questionnaire were used to estimate the determinants of deprivation by Tobit regression model. Using the maximum likelihood approach, asymptotic parameters estimates were evaluated to describe determinants of deprivation. Sex, marital status, household size, education, farm income and labour were significant determinants of deprivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
724 - Designing an organizational Commitment model in Iran's Ports and Maritime Organization
وحید پورشهابی Hamidreza Khodadadi DidaniAbstractBackground and purpose: Organizational commitment is a mental state that determines the desire and need of employees to continue working in an organization. The purpose of this research is to design an organizational requirement model in Iran's Ports and Maritim MoreAbstractBackground and purpose: Organizational commitment is a mental state that determines the desire and need of employees to continue working in an organization. The purpose of this research is to design an organizational requirement model in Iran's Ports and Maritime Organization.Research method: In terms of purpose, this research is developmental-applied and exploratory. The research method is the foundation data.The logic of selecting sample members was based on theoretical and snowball sampling. Interviews were conducted with 15 organizational and academic experts until theoretical saturation. Max QDA software was used for data analysis through coding steps.Findings: The findings of the research were presented in six main collections as the dimensions of the paradigm model of the organizational requirement and in the form of a research model. Causal, contextual, intervening, strategic and consequential factors of organizational requirement in the Port and Maritime organization of the country were identified.Conclusion: If managers focus on the factors that increase organizational commitment and provide conditions for employees, not only will employees' commitment to the organization increase, but it will bring positive consequences for the organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
725 - Application of AHP-MCDM Method to Estimate the Delay-time of Tabriz-Bonab Highway Project
Seyed Mehdi Mostafavi Sara Soranj -
Open Access Article
726 - Investigating the human recourses’ effect in time managements of high-rise buildings projects in urban area (A case study)
Farokh Vahdati Rad Mehrangiz Safari Aqbalagh Hamideh Feyzi -
Open Access Article
727 - Investigating the relationship of Web-based Management with Organizational Time Management with the role of Mediator of Human Relationships
mohammad jamaldini babak hosenzadeh Ali Asghar Shojaei Shojaei T he present study aims to relationship between web-based management with organizational time management with mediating role of human relations is done. Research method, descriptive and correlation research design is a structural equation modeling model More T he present study aims to relationship between web-based management with organizational time management with mediating role of human relations is done. Research method, descriptive and correlation research design is a structural equation modeling model. The statistical population includes all managers of Islamic Azad University of Hormozgan Province in three levels of excellent, middle and operational, using simple random sampling method 201 people were selected as the statistical sample. For data collection three web-based management questionnaires, human relationships, organizational time management were used research data after collection by using of Lisrel and SPSS statistical software were analyzed. The results indicate that web-based management with organizational time management is positive and significant relationship. Web-based management with human relationships is positive and significant relationship. Human relationships with organizational time management is positive and significant relationship. It was also found that web-based management with role of mediator of human relationships with organizational time management is significant and positive relationship. As a result, it can be concluded regarding web-based management and development of human relationships by managers can witness of development of organizational time management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
728 - Designing the causal structure and analyzing the factors affecting good governance in the Ports and Maritime Organization using Fuzzy Cognitive Map
ahmad ghafarzadeh gholamreza memarzadehtehran naser hamidi nabiollah mohammadiPorts always play a strategic role in the development of a country's domestic and international trade, whether it is developing or developed. Ports as a base of maritime trade have changed a lot in recent decades, but in line with these changes, the Ports and Maritime O MorePorts always play a strategic role in the development of a country's domestic and international trade, whether it is developing or developed. Ports as a base of maritime trade have changed a lot in recent decades, but in line with these changes, the Ports and Maritime Organization, as the main custodian of port and maritime policy, must adapt quickly, and this adaptation and the process of change in the next generations of ports of the country should lead to good governance in the management of port affairs.The evolutionary process of port governance shows that a single version can not be used for governance reforms in all ports of the world, so in this study we try to examine the factors affecting good governance at the organizational level. The present study is a descriptive-survey research in terms of applied purpose and based on its nature and method. In this study, we first identify the factors affecting good governance by examining past literature studies in a hybrid manner and then examine the components by surveying experts using the Fuzzy Delphi method and finally to show the causal reasoning between the components of the technique. Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping is used. Findings indicate that the components of Equal rights and Equity, Responsiveness & Accountability, Defining Outcomes have the highest degree of centrality, respectively, and this indicates the importance of the above components compared to other components of good governance in the Ports and Maritime Organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
729 - Investigating the Impact of Information Technology on the Development of Human Resources of the Organization (Case Study: Ports and Maritime Organization)
Alireza Sargolzaei Hamidreza Khodadadi DidaniThe purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of information technology on the development of human resources of the Ports and Maritime Organization. The statistical population of this research consists of 176 human resources experts from the Ports and Marit MoreThe purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of information technology on the development of human resources of the Ports and Maritime Organization. The statistical population of this research consists of 176 human resources experts from the Ports and Maritime Organization and other ports affiliated with this organization. The researcher used a questionnaire as a tool to collect research data and used a descriptive and analytical approach to achieve the goals of the research. In this research, SPSS software was used for data analysis. The findings of the study show that the factor of management skill with an average of 4.653, the factor of the quality of employee performance with an average of 4.519, the factor of the speed of employee performance with an average of 4.348 and the factor of organizational communication with an average of 4.105 ranks first to fourth respectively the highest average They got it from the eyes of the experts. Also, according to the Pearson coefficients obtained regarding the variables of the research, the effect of information technology on all 4 categories of human resources development factors in ports and maritime organizations and the significant relationship between information technology on the factors of managerial skills, quality of employee performance, speed of employee performance and communication in The organization was approved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
730 - A Pattern for Sustainable Development from Perspective of Stakeholders Theory
Alireza Tangestani kamran feizi Jahanyar Bamdad Soufi Maryam Tangestani Seyed Mohammad Ali Khatami Firouzabadi -
Open Access Article
731 - Prognosis of Failure Time in Gas Turbines regarding multi time scales
Tahminre Ashouri Moghadam Rasool Noorossana Sadigh Raissi -
Open Access Article
732 - Location of facilities in the design of the global logistics hub network taking into account the time discount coefficient
Reza Karimi Mehrabadi Emad Roghanian shahnaz piroozfar Amir Abbas Shojaie -
Open Access Article
733 - Copula Approach for Reliability and Performance Estimation of Manufacturing System
Ibrahim Yusuf Abdullahi Sanusi -
Open Access Article
734 - Improved TLBO and JAYA algorithms to solve new fuzzy flexible job-shop scheduling problems
Raviteja Buddala Siba Sankar Mahapatra Manas Ranjan Singh Bhanu Chandar Balusa Purusotham Singamsetty Venkata Phanikrishna Balam -
Open Access Article
735 - Performance Assessment of a Serial System with Human Operators Attended by Repair Machines
Ibrahim Yusuf Hamisu Ayagi Wan Zhong Abdulkareem Ismail -
Open Access Article
736 - Optimal replenishment and credit policy in supply chain inventory model under two levels of trade credit with time- and credit-sensitive demand involving default risk
Puspita Mahata Gour Chandra Mahata Sujit Kumar De -
Open Access Article
737 - Development of framework for sustainable Lean implementation: an ISM approach
Jagdish Rajaram Jadhav S. S. Mantha Santosh B. Rane -
Open Access Article
738 - Retrieval–travel-time model for free-fall-flow-rack automated storage and retrieval system
Dhiyaeddine Metahri Khalid Hachemi -
Open Access Article
739 - A time-shared machine repair problem with mixed spares under N-policy
Madhu Jain Chandra Shekhar Shalini Shukla -
Open Access Article
740 - Solving multi-objective team orienteering problem with time windows using adjustment iterated local search
Indri Hapsari Isti Surjandari K. Komarudin -
Open Access Article
741 - An inventory model for deteriorating items with time-dependent demand and time-varying holding cost under partial backlogging
Vinod Kumar Mishra Lal Sahab Singh Rakesh Kumar -
Open Access Article
742 - A hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with stochastic travel times considering the driver's satisfaction
Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam Mehdi Alinaghian Alireza Salamat-Bakhsh Narges Norouzi -
Open Access Article
743 - Monitoring the censored lognormal reliability data in a three-stage process using AFT model
Azam Goodarzi Amirhossein Amiri Shervin Asadzadeh -
Open Access Article
744 - Threshold F-policy and N-policy for multi-component machining system with warm standbys
Kamlesh Kumar Madhu Jain -
Open Access Article
745 - Developing a cross-docking network design model under uncertain environment
S. M. Seyedhoseini Reza Rashid E. Teimoury -
Open Access Article
746 - MTBF evaluation for 2-out-of-3 redundant repairable systems with common cause and cascade failures considering fuzzy rates for failures and repair: a case study of a centrifugal water pumping system
Seyed Mohammad Mortazavi Maryam Mohamadi Javid Jouzdani -
Open Access Article
747 - Locomotive assignment problem with train precedence using genetic algorithm
Siamak Noori Seyed Farid Ghannadpour -
Open Access Article
748 - Integrated model for pricing, delivery time setting, and scheduling in make-to-order environments
Hamid Sattari Garmdare M. M . Lotfi Mahboobeh Honarvar -
Open Access Article
749 - An automated time and hand motion analysis based on planar motion capture extended to a virtual environment
Hector A. Tinoco Alex M. Ovalle Carlos A. Vargas Marı´a J. Cardona -
Open Access Article
750 - Minimizing the total tardiness and makespan in an open shop scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times
Samaneh Noori-Darvish Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
751 - An economic production model for deteriorating items and time dependent demand with rework and multiple production setups
R. Uthayakumar S. Tharani -
Open Access Article
752 - Assembly line performance and modeling
Arun B. Rane Vivek K. Sunnapwar -
Open Access Article
753 - A fuzzy mixed-integer goal programming model for a parallel machine scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times and release dates
A.H Gharehgozli -
Open Access Article
754 - Optimal (R, Q) policy and pricing for two-echelon supply chain with lead time and retailer’s service-level incomplete information
M. Esmaeili M. S. Naghavi A. Ghahghaei -
Open Access Article
755 - A green vehicle routing problem with customer satisfaction criteria
M. Afshar-Bakeshloo A. Mehrabi H . Safari M. Maleki F. Jolai -
Open Access Article
756 - Analysis of unreliable bulk queue with statedependent arrivals
Charan Jeet Singh Madhu Jain Binay Kumar -
Open Access Article
757 - Multi-objective optimization of discrete time–cost tradeoff problem in project networks using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm
Mohammadreza Shahriari -
Open Access Article
758 - Stochastic extension of cellular manufacturing systems: a queuing-based analysis
Fatemeh Fardis Afagh Zandi Vahidreza Ghezavati -
Open Access Article
759 - Behavioral study of piston manufacturing plant through stochastic models
Arvind K Lal Manwinder Kaur Sneh Lata -
Open Access Article
760 - Analysis of M/G/ 1 queueing model with state dependent arrival and vacation
Charan Jeet Singh Madhu Jain Binay Kumar -
Open Access Article
761 - Analysis of interactions among the barriers to JIT production: interpretive structural modelling approach
J. R. Jadhav S. S. Mantha S. B. Rane -
Open Access Article
762 - A three-stage assembly flow shop scheduling problem with blocking and sequence-dependent set up times
Aref Maleki-Darounkolaei Mahmoud Modiri Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam Iman Seyyedi -
Open Access Article
763 - Forecasting S&P 500 index using artificial neural networks and design of experiments
Seyed Taghi Akhavan Niaki Saeid Hoseinzade -
Open Access Article
764 - A seller-buyer supply chain model with exponential distribution lead time
Mehrab Bahri Mohammad Jafar Tarokh -
Open Access Article
765 - Solving a bi-objective mathematical model for location-routing problem with time windows in multi-echelon reverse logistics using metaheuristic procedure
V. R. Ghezavati M. Beigi -
Open Access Article
766 - Models, solution, methods and their applicability of dynamic location problems (DLPs) (a gap analysis for further research)
Seyed Mohammad Seyedhosseini Ahmad Makui Kamran Shahanaghi Sara Sadat Torkestani -
Open Access Article
767 - Roadmap for Lean implementation in Indian automotive component manufacturing industry: comparative study of UNIDO Model and ISM Model
J. R . Jadhav S. B. Rane S. S. Mantha -
Open Access Article
768 - An optimal policy for deteriorating items with time-proportional deterioration rate and constant and time-dependent linear demand rate
Trailokyanath Singh Pandit Jagatananda Mishra Hadibandhu Pattanayak -
Open Access Article
769 - Bi-product inventory planning in a three-echelon supply chain with backordering, Poisson demand, and limited warehouse space
Maryam Alimardani Fariborz Jolai Hamed Rafiei -
Open Access Article
770 - Optimal pricing and replenishment policies for instantaneous deteriorating items with backlogging and trade credit under inflation
R. Sundara Rajan R. Uthayakumar -
Open Access Article
771 - A multiple objective approach for joint ordering and pricing planning problem with stochastic lead times
Zeinab Hosseini Reza Ghasemy Yaghin Maryam Esmaeili -
Open Access Article
772 - A mathematical model for the multi-mode resource investment problem
M Sabzehparvar -
Open Access Article
773 - A single-vendor and a single-buyer integrated inventory model with ordering cost reduction dependent on lead time
M. Vijayashree R. Uthayakumar -
Open Access Article
774 - A new binary model for university examination timetabling: a case study
Alireza Rashidi Komijan Mehrdad Nouri Koupaei -
Open Access Article
775 - Parallel computation framework for optimizing trailer routes in bulk transportation
Ugandhar Delli Ashesh Kumar Sinha -
Open Access Article
776 - A new adaptive exponential smoothing method for non-stationary time series with level shifts
Mohammad Ali Saniee Monfared Razieh Ghandali Maryam Esmaeili -
Open Access Article
777 - Assembly line balancing to minimize balancing loss and system loss
D Roy D Khan -
Open Access Article
778 - A hybrid method to find cumulative distribution function of completion time of GERT networks
S.S Hashemin S.M.T Fatemi Ghomi -
Open Access Article
779 - A goal programming model for vehicle routing problem with backhauls and soft time windows
M Aghdaghi F Jolai -
Open Access Article
780 - A hybrid computational intelligence model for foreign exchange rate forecasting
M Khashei F Mokhatab Rafiei M Bijari S.R Hejazi -
Open Access Article
781 - Fuzzy completion time for alternative stochastic networks
S.S Hashemin -
Open Access Article
782 - Customer lifetime value model in an online toy store
B Nikkhahan A Habibi Badrabadi M.J Tarokh -
Open Access Article
783 - Splittable stochastic project scheduling with constrained renewable resource
S.S Hashemin S.M.T Fatemi Ghomi -
Open Access Article
784 - An application of artificial neural network to maintenance management
V. O. Oladokun O. E. Charles-Owaba C. S. Nwaouzru -
Open Access Article
785 - A multi-criteria vehicle routing problem with soft time windows by simulated annealing
R Tavakkoli-Moghaddam N Safaei M.A Shariat -
Open Access Article
786 - A genetic algorithm approach for problem
E Mehdizadeh R Tavakkoli-Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
787 - Role of batch size in scheduling optimization of flexible manufacturing system using genetic algorithm
Muhammad Umair Akhtar Muhammad Huzaifa Raza Muhammad Shafiq -
Open Access Article
788 - An integrated vendor–buyer model with stochastic demand, lot-size dependent lead-time and learning in production
Anindita Mukherjee Oshmita Dey B. C. Giri -
Open Access Article
789 - Scheduling of undergraduate thesis examination: a case study in Industrial Engineering Department of Universitas Sebelas Maret
Cucuk Nur Rosyidi Endah Budiningsih Wakhid Ahmad Jauhari -
Open Access Article
790 - MILP models and valid inequalities for the two-machine permutation flowshop scheduling problem with minimal time lags
Imen Hamdi Saïd Toumi -
Open Access Article
791 - Investigating the Effect of Using Multistory Pipe Dampers and their Combination with Braces on Structure Performance
Sated Behzad Talaeitaba Erafn Jalali -
Open Access Article
792 - Performance of Steel Beams Strengthened by Steel Pre-Stressed Cables and Memory Alloys under Static and Dynamic Loads
reza dadkhah tehrani Davoud Tavakoli -
Open Access Article
793 - Placing sensors optimally in base-isolated steel structures using a multi-objective optimization approach
Mehdi Firoozbakht Hamidreza Vosoughifar Alireza Ghari Ghoran -
Open Access Article
794 - Comparative Study of Seismic Response of Base Isolated Building with Plan Eccentricities and Elevation Eccentricities
Lavkesh Rameshrao Wankhade -
Open Access Article
795 - Practical Engineering Approach for Generating the Torsional Earthquake Excitation from Translational Components
Sandeep C. Potnis Raviji S. Desai I.D Gupta -
Open Access Article
796 - Effect of Foundation Depth on Seismic Response of the Cable-stayed Bridge by Considering of Soil Structure Interaction
Siddharth Gopalkrishna Shah Chandresh H Solanki Jatin D. Desai -
Open Access Article
797 - Identifying preventive factors of time management in University Libraries: Case Study of Central Library of Tehran University
maryam safavi alireza noruziObjective: The aim of this study was to identify factors inhibiting time management in the central library of Tehran University. Methods: The target population included all managers in different parts of the central library of Tehran University.Data were collected throu MoreObjective: The aim of this study was to identify factors inhibiting time management in the central library of Tehran University. Methods: The target population included all managers in different parts of the central library of Tehran University.Data were collected through Library resources and interviews. In order to answer the main question, 12 interviews were conducted. To test the reliability of the questionnaire, the retest reliability method and the coders were used. Considering the high percentage of 60%, it was concluded that the study has the desired reliability.The validity of this research was studied through seven stages, It can be said that research has high content validity. Results: the main themes were extracted Which is one of the factors preventing time management, It can be noted that the lack of planning and lack of proper organizational relationship and the lack of cooperation of the mother organization that referred to in the present study in the form of a generalized model And the relationships between the extracted themes are described. In the current study, Out of the 19 initial main teams, 8 final main teams emerged. Miscellaneous team data was used among other teams, and this team was eventually removed. Conclusion: the deterrents in time management in the central library of the University of Tehran in the form of main themes called cultural factors (not referring to those who refer to time management ...), Strategic factors (lack of planning ...) And organizational factors (non-delegation of powers and duties ...) were concluded. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
798 - A Survey on the Familiarity of Medical Science University Librarians with Individual and Organizational Skills in Time Management
Fatemeh Tehrani FarObjective: Time management is one of the principles of effective management that requires certain skills. It can be divided into two general categories of individual and organizational skills. This research seeks to investigate the relationship between the categories of MoreObjective: Time management is one of the principles of effective management that requires certain skills. It can be divided into two general categories of individual and organizational skills. This research seeks to investigate the relationship between the categories of individual and organizational skills in time management and the level of familiarity of librarians working in the libraries of medical sciences universities located in Tehran with these components. Methodology: In this research, the research method was descriptive and applied.The statistical population includes all the librarians of the libraries of Tehran medical sciences universities, 135 of whom were selected using the full population sampling method. In order to collect data, a two-part demographic researcher questionnaire was used to measure personal and organizational time management skills. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation test and single sample t in SPSS19 software. Results: The relationship between individual skills and organizational behavior is positive with a correlation coefficient of 0.192 (p<0.05). In terms of gender and type of university, the use of time management skills did not differ and was almost equal. Conclusions: The familiarity of librarians with the components of organizational skills was more than individual skills and there was a positive and significant relationship between individual skills of time management and the six dimensions of organizational skills, and in the component of goal setting, the highest relationship and the lowest relationship was seen in delegation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
799 - A study of network skills of M.A students in Payam-e Noor University of Dezful as a factor affecting e-learning in part-time and remote education
sepeedeh ghalambaz sodabeh ghalambazPurpose: The aims of this study is to test and evaluate the students' familiarity with network skills which can be considered as effective and determinant factors in the implementation and execution of e-learning in Payam-e Noor University. Methodology: It was done usi MorePurpose: The aims of this study is to test and evaluate the students' familiarity with network skills which can be considered as effective and determinant factors in the implementation and execution of e-learning in Payam-e Noor University. Methodology: It was done using descriptive survey method. In order to gather the desirable data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The sample size composed of 356 students of Payam-e Noor University of Dezful. Data analysis was done using SPSS software (version 14). Findings: The network skills of the students were estimated in a level less than the average limit. The findings also showed a significant relationship between internet skills and using e-journals. Conclusion: It was recommended that it is necessary to hold the purposeful and systematic user education programs for training ICDL and internet skills before the registration of the students in order to provide a suitable bed for the implementation and execution of e-learning in Payam-e Noor University. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
800 - Evaluation of miR-192 expression in lymph nodes of sarcoidosis patients by Real-time PCR method and comparison of their expression with the control group
Samaneh sadat Rasi Varaei Abdolreza Mohamadnia Monireh Movahedi naghmeh Bahrami Sadegh ShirianSarcoidosis is a disease with an unknown cause and the onset of the disease is often gradual. The disease may be asymptomatic or chronic. Examining the presence of factors such as micro RNAs may lead to better diagnoses of sarcoidosis and help to better understand the m MoreSarcoidosis is a disease with an unknown cause and the onset of the disease is often gradual. The disease may be asymptomatic or chronic. Examining the presence of factors such as micro RNAs may lead to better diagnoses of sarcoidosis and help to better understand the mechanism of sarcoidosis.This is a case-witness study that after obtaining permission from the ethics committee, 40 tissue samples from the lymph nodes of patients with sarcoidosis and 40 control samples were collected with the opinion of an expert doctor, and then RNA was extracted from the lymph nodes. Realtime PCR was done for miR-192 marker.miR-192 biomarker was positive in the lymph node samples of sarcoidosis patients in 28 out of 40 people. The positive rate of this biomarker in healthy people was 17 out of 40 people. miR-192 biomarker showed increased expression in sarcoidosis patients compared to healthy samples.According to the results of this study, miR-192 may be used as a molecular marker for sarcoidosis. It also has significant potential for diagnosis, prognosis and even treatment of sarcoidosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
801 - China’s Maritime Interest and the Great Game at Seas
Peu Ghosh -
Open Access Article
802 - Characteristics of Social Networks in the Theory and the Real World
Ali Mortazavian Farsani Hassan Yousefi -
Open Access Article
803 - Safe communications in shipping through effective public relations strategies based on goal-based Jihadist management
vahid rahmati Ali Mohammad Mozeshi Sharafabadi Seyed Alireza AfshaniDesigning a strategy that provides the specific goal of an organization is called goal-based management. This research seeks to empirically analyze the effect of public relations strategies on safe shipping communications based on goal-based management. The current rese MoreDesigning a strategy that provides the specific goal of an organization is called goal-based management. This research seeks to empirically analyze the effect of public relations strategies on safe shipping communications based on goal-based management. The current research method is of a combined type. In the qualitative part, the interview tool was used and the experts were interviewed until reaching theoretical saturation, and the data was coded using Max QDA software, and the dimensions and components of the qualitative part are as described below, including crisis management. Maritime accidents, protection of interests, demand for seafaring, seafaring culture, reduction of seafarers' worries, seafarers' problems, responsibility to stakeholders, management of seafaring accidents, seafaring culture and improving the quality of seafarers' education were identified. In the quantitative part, using a researcher-made questionnaire that was obtained from the qualitative part; After presenting the hypotheses, according to the results of the qualitative section, the research hypotheses were evaluated; And also through SPSS software, the obtained data were analyzed quantitatively. In addition, using linear regression test, the hypotheses were checked and all research hypotheses were confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
804 - the effect of short time skill training on the behavioral Competencies of kindergarten teachers in Minoudasht
mehdi jafaryanThis research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of short time skill training on the behavioral Competencies of kindergarten teachers in Minoudasht. The research method used in this study is descriptive and correlational in terms of its applied purpose, qu MoreThis research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of short time skill training on the behavioral Competencies of kindergarten teachers in Minoudasht. The research method used in this study is descriptive and correlational in terms of its applied purpose, quantitative in terms of data type, and in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this research includes all kindergarten teachers who participated in short time skill training courses in Minoudasht in 2022, and the number of trained teachers was about 132 people. Due to the limited statistical population, the entire population was used for the sample size, and then using a researcher-made questionnaire in three dimensions and 21 items based on a five-point Likert scale, and extracted items were questioned. In the descriptive statistics section, the description of the data is presented in two sections, background variables and main variables, and in the inferential statistics section, non-parametric Pearson correlation test, T test and regression were used to check the hypotheses. According to the research data, it can be said that short time skill training (perceptual skills, human skills and technical skills) has a positive and significant effect on the behavioral Competencies of kindergarten teachers in Minoudasht Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
805 - “Investigating the role of public relations on honoring and gaining client satisfaction in the performance of Saba Net Company in the days of Corona pandemic”
محمد قاسمی سید نوید موسوی زادهThe purpose of this study is to "investigate the role of public relations on honoring and obtaining client satisfaction in the performance of Saba Net Company in the days of the Corona pandemic." This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey resea MoreThe purpose of this study is to "investigate the role of public relations on honoring and obtaining client satisfaction in the performance of Saba Net Company in the days of the Corona pandemic." This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey research. The statistical population of the present study was the audience of Saba Net Company in providing distance services such as social networks, online chat and telephone services in 1400. Determination of sample size using Cochran's formula and sampling method was available as sampling. 265 respondents who answered the questionnaires completely were selected. The research tool was a questionnaire and LISREL 8.8 software was used. The results of the analysis showed that public relations had a positive and significant effect on the performance and customer satisfaction in the performance of Saba Net Company and the findings indicated that these technologies with new capabilities and facilities that have provided organizations, increase respect. It has become a customer as well as an increase in customer satisfaction in the days of Corona. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
806 - Application of statistical methods of time series analysis for a very fast and accurate determination of equilibrium thermodynamic conditions of gas-liquid water-hydrate systems in isochoric operation
اکبر ایراندوختIn this research work, a very fast and accurate new method for determining equilibrium thermodynamic conditions in gas-liquid water-hydrate systems is presented. In this method, only temperature and pressure data in the cooling trace are needed to determine the equilibr MoreIn this research work, a very fast and accurate new method for determining equilibrium thermodynamic conditions in gas-liquid water-hydrate systems is presented. In this method, only temperature and pressure data in the cooling trace are needed to determine the equilibrium points of hydrate formation. The required time to obtain equilibrium thermodynamic conditions for gas hydrate formation are greatly reduced and more accurate results are obtained, using statistical concepts of time series analysis as well as cumulative sum technique in change point detection. With this method, four experiments were performed to determine the equilibrium thermodynamic conditions for ethane gas hydrate. The average percentage of absolute deviations obtained with Deaton-Frost experimental data, Kamath's correction relationship, and AQUAlibrium and CSMHYD softwares were 5.67, 2.49, 9.54, and 1.89, respectively. In addition, the experimental data obtained by Curtin University researchers in Australia about the effect of 1000 ppm of pTSA surfactant in methane hydrate were investigated with this method. The absolute deviation percentage compared to the experimental data and their statistical thermodynamic modeling estimate were 0.23 and 1.89, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
807 - A comprehensive review of corrosion prevention methods for perovskite solar cells
Majid Mirzaee Tayyebeh Mohebbi Alimorad rashidiIn recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been considered one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies due to their affordability and excellent performance. However, perovskites are sensitive to parameters such as humidity, oxygen, temperature, and elec MoreIn recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been considered one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies due to their affordability and excellent performance. However, perovskites are sensitive to parameters such as humidity, oxygen, temperature, and electrical bias. Changes in the composition and structure of materials from the precursor to the resulting perovskite lead to various defects. During long-term operation, these defects often act as the initiation of degradation to deteriorate PSC performance. A series of methods have been developed to prevent contact between the corrosive environment and perovskite. For this purpose, various techniques have been designed to control these parameters, which include removing corrosion sites during construction, eliminating corrosion sites during machine operation, and preventing contact between the corrosive environment and perovskite. In this review, the lifetime of PSC is discussed from the point of view of corrosion science. Finally, the use of a series of anti-corrosion strategies (passivation, surface coating, machining) in corrosion science significantly increases the stability of perovskite cells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
808 - Factors affecting the inflation rate in selected developing countries with the TVP-VAR approach
Marjan Mohammad Esmaeil Reza Maaboudi Mohammad KhorsandInflation has been considered as one of the important economic indicators and one of the most important goals of governments is to control it. Inflation has significant economic consequences in the economy. Therefore, investigating factors affecting inflation is of part MoreInflation has been considered as one of the important economic indicators and one of the most important goals of governments is to control it. Inflation has significant economic consequences in the economy. Therefore, investigating factors affecting inflation is of particular importance. Among them is the shock of the exchange rate. so, this article examines the effect of exchange rate shock along with some explanatory variables on inflation in 47 developing countries by using panel structural vector autoregression model (Panel-SVAR) and vector autoregression with time-varying parameters (Panel-TVPVAR). It has been paid for the years 1990 to 2020. The criterion for selecting countries was the level of development and access to their information. In this research, in the first place, tests of unit root, co-accumulation and cross-sectional dependence have been performed. Also, the results indicate that in this period, one of the factors affecting inflation is the exchange rate changes in the countries. So that positive exchange rate shocks have a negative effect and negative exchange rate shocks have a positive effect on inflation. The results show that the increase in production and the degree of openness of the economy causes a decrease in inflation, as well as an increase in the size of the government and money supply, which causes an increase in inflation in selected developing countries. the effect of the mentioned variables on the inflation rate has been different in terms of size over time, but it has been constant in terms of the direction of the effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
809 - Seismic Reliability Evaluation of the Jacket Structure of an Offshore Platform Based on Nonlinear Time History Analyses
M Hosseini S Karimiyan -
Open Access Article
810 - Simplified Seismic Dynamic Analysis of Sloshing Phenomenon in Rectangular Tanks with Multiple Vertical Baffles
M Hosseini H.R Vosoughifar P Farshadmanesh -
Open Access Article
811 - Analyzing the barriers of the employees participation in leisure time programs with an emphasis on physical activity (Case study: Municipality of Tehran 8th District)
علی اصغر دورودیان معصومه شهبازی آرزو گودرزی ABTRACT The main purpose of this study was to determining barriers of participation of Tehran municipality district 8 employees in leisure time programs with emphasis on physical activity. The population of this study was 200 women employees of di More ABTRACT The main purpose of this study was to determining barriers of participation of Tehran municipality district 8 employees in leisure time programs with emphasis on physical activity. The population of this study was 200 women employees of district 8 Tehran municipality. The sample was 127 women that selected through random stratified sampling. In this study employees participation on sport activity barriers (Naderian Jahromi et al, 1388) was used. In order to data variance descriptive statics and for testing questions inferential statics was used. In order to normality test Kolmogrov Smirnov was used. The results indicate that in cultural social barriers, cooperates unsuitable attitudes, in economic barriers low income, in expertise human, few women coaches, family attitudes, family restrain of participation on sport activity, in facility barriers lack of sport facilities in workplace and in media barriers weak notice of someone.Also Friedman test indicate that economic barriers was the first factor,expertise force was second factor,social cultural barriers was fifth factor and media advertisements was in the last grade. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
812 - Role of Intellectual Capital on Firms Financial Flexibility and Performance: Based on Time Delay Variable
Farzin Rezaei Khadijeh IsazadehThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between Intellectual Capital, Financial Flexibility and Financial Performance. Using data drawn from 73 Iranian companies listed in Tehran Stock during 2003-2008, the authors construct regression models to exam MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between Intellectual Capital, Financial Flexibility and Financial Performance. Using data drawn from 73 Iranian companies listed in Tehran Stock during 2003-2008, the authors construct regression models to examine the relationship between Intellectual Capital, Financial Flexibility and Financial Performance. The results support the hypothesis that firms’ intellectual capital has a positive, significant and strong impact on financial flexibility (Free cash flow and Operational cash flow). In addition, evidence is presented that intellectual capital has a positive impact on financial performance (return on assets and cumulative abnormal assets) but intellectual capital does not have a positive impact on sustained capital. Also evidence is presented that the relationship between intellectual capital and financial flexibility is stronger than the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
813 - The Impact of the Auditor’s Tenure on the Quality of Information Disclosure in the Companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE)
Yadollah Noorifard FatemehZahra SharbatiThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the auditor’s tenure and the quality of information disclosure. The sample of the research consists of 94 companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years between 2004 to 2012. The MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the auditor’s tenure and the quality of information disclosure. The sample of the research consists of 94 companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years between 2004 to 2012. The results of theoretical research suggested that auditor’s tenure may influence on the quality of information disclosure through an effect on the auditing quality and independence. To measure the variable of disclosure quality, the advantages of each company are utilized. These advantages have been extracted by Tehran Stock Exchange Organization through notifications on the quality of information disclosure and proper informing. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between auditor tenure and disclosure quality with the use of multiple linear regression analysis and the separation of auditor tenure duration period into two short-term and long-term periods. The results indicated the existence of a significant and positive relationship between auditor’s tenure and disclosure quality. In other words, an increase in auditor’s tenure duration period will substantially lead to an increase in the disclosure quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
814 - وجود و زمان در سری رمان های ترانه آتش و یخ از جرج آر آر مارتین بر اساس فلسفه هایدیگر
Ehsan Khoshdel Fatemeh َAzizmohammadi Mojgan Yarahmadiاهمیت "هستی و بودن" موضوع مهمی برای نظریه بوده است. یکی از منطق پردازان اصلی قرن بیستم مارتین هایدگر (1889-1976) به طور اساسی به این تحقیق در هستی و زمان خود (1927) نگاه می کند. هایدگر آنچه را متافیزیک پدیدارشناختی می نامد ، به عنوان وسیله ای روش شناختی برای برخورد با م Moreاهمیت "هستی و بودن" موضوع مهمی برای نظریه بوده است. یکی از منطق پردازان اصلی قرن بیستم مارتین هایدگر (1889-1976) به طور اساسی به این تحقیق در هستی و زمان خود (1927) نگاه می کند. هایدگر آنچه را متافیزیک پدیدارشناختی می نامد ، به عنوان وسیله ای روش شناختی برای برخورد با موضوع هستی بکار میبرد که توسط آن دازاین را به عنوان مکانی برای درک هستی، مورد بررسی قرار می دهد. طبق نظر هایدگر در هستی و زمان دازاین ، فرد ، باید زمینه مناسب را برای موضوع هستی در دسترس قرار دهد. این تحقیق به بررسی محیط دازاین در جورج آر آر می پردازد.در طول داستان ، شخصیت ها سعی می کنند وجود خود را در جامعه که با روابط قدرت و مرگ همراه است ، تأیید کنند. مرگ برای افراد در هر مرحله از زندگی به صورت استعاری آشکار می شود و افراد باید دازاین خود را از طریق اعمال خود به تصویر بکشند. در نتیجه ، محقق در مورد آواز یخ و آتش مارتین تحقیق می کند و نشان می دهد که چگونه مرگ تلاش می کند تا بر شخصیت غلبه کند در حالی که شخصیت ها برای بقا تلاش می کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
815 - استفاده ازآموزش چند رسانه ای در دوره های زبان انگلیسی: انگیزه فراگیران و عملکرد تحصیلی
Vahdat Karimi Mohammad Alipour Sajad Shafieهدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر استفاده از چند رسانه ای در کلاس بر انگیزه آموزشی و عملکرد تحصیلی زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی بود. بدین منظور 80 نفر از زبان آموزان انگلیسی به روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل هر کدام با 40 دانش آموز Moreهدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر استفاده از چند رسانه ای در کلاس بر انگیزه آموزشی و عملکرد تحصیلی زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی بود. بدین منظور 80 نفر از زبان آموزان انگلیسی به روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل هر کدام با 40 دانش آموز قرار گرفتند. از پرسشنامه انگیزش پیشرفت تحصیلی هارتر (2005) و پرسشنامه عملکرد تحصیلی محقق ساخته استفاده شد. روش تحقیق نیمه تجربی بود و داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 23 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت و در این پژوهش از روش آماری تحلیل کوواریانس استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل ANCOVA نشان داد که تأثیر روش تدریس چندرسانه ای بر انگیزه تحصیلی فراگیران شهر اهواز پس از حذف تأثیر پیش آزمون (69/4 = F) معنی دار بود. همچنین تأثیر روش تدریس چند رسانه ای بر عملکرد تحصیلی فراگیران پس از حذف تأثیر پیش آزمون (56/9 = F) معنی دار بود. یافتههای مطالعه حاضر برخی از جهتگیریها را برای بهبود عملکرد تحصیلی فراگیران زبان انگلیسی با استفاده از مزایای آموزش چندرسانهای در محیط کلاس ارائه میدهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
816 - Hypermedia in an EFL Context: The Impact on Speaking and Motivation
Seyed Jalal Abdolmanafi-Rokni Hadi Hamidi -
Open Access Article
817 - The Comparative Effects of Using Electronic Short Story Books and Tradi-tional Printed Texts on EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension
Abdollah Baradaran Sepeedeh Hanifehzadeh -
Open Access Article
818 - Eternal Chaos (The Myth of Creation)
Alirezā ShabānluSome scholars believe that myths are sacred narratives about the origin and destination of the universe. Although, there are apparently different views about the nature of the creation in the mythology of nations, these views are very similar and even the same in deep-s MoreSome scholars believe that myths are sacred narratives about the origin and destination of the universe. Although, there are apparently different views about the nature of the creation in the mythology of nations, these views are very similar and even the same in deep-structure. The stories about creation are based on an archetype; according to it, before creation there was only chaos. From this chaos, the first being appeared and from the first being, other things were created. The circle of the emergence of chaos and its transformation into order manifests constantly in human life and is symbolized in stories as dragons or demons. The emergence of the demon and dragon eliminates the order of existence, but by the killing of demon and dragon, the order returns and things get calm. The comparative and analytical research of the myths of some nations, shows that the process of chaos and its transformation into order is a psychological and cognitive action; and as human beings have many similarities and common cognitive faculties, it can be found many myths, like the myth of chaos, that have the same motif and function, though each one is expressed in a different way. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
819 - Hafez's Mystical Experience and Meta-Historical Time
Hātef Siyāh koohiyānHafez's mystical experience of sacred and meta-historical time has influenced his imaginations and poetry power. Speaking about extroverted and introvert time as well as chronicle time shows that Hafez has noticed to different areas of time in his ghazals (poems). He be MoreHafez's mystical experience of sacred and meta-historical time has influenced his imaginations and poetry power. Speaking about extroverted and introvert time as well as chronicle time shows that Hafez has noticed to different areas of time in his ghazals (poems). He believes that his poems are a heritage of "the time of Alast" or eternal time. By examining the meanings of eternal time in his poems, we can consider his mystical thoughts from mythological point of view. In his poems, symbolic and mythological images about eternal time refer, aesthetically, to incredible mythological events, like The Creation of Adam. These images show that the poet is present in meta-history and eternal time. In his poems, the characters cross the borders of history and secular time, and become mythological figures. In his ghazals, time is not an extroverted phenomenon, but it is the internal and mental experience of the poet in the space of mythology. In this mythological attitude the historical and meta-historical times are involved in one another, and the poet, as a mediator between invisible universe and sensible world, informs his internal experiences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
820 - The Role and Position of 'Time' in Making Suspension and Anti-suspension in Persian and Arabic Risālāt al-Tayr
Samirā Sharifi Hamidrezā ShairiIn a general sense, Risālāt al-Tayr (treatises on birds) are often considered short and brief narrative texts. Proponents of this view argue that minimum use of the factors of suspense and maximum use of the anti-suspense factors are the reasons for this shortness and b MoreIn a general sense, Risālāt al-Tayr (treatises on birds) are often considered short and brief narrative texts. Proponents of this view argue that minimum use of the factors of suspense and maximum use of the anti-suspense factors are the reasons for this shortness and brevity. In this article, by using Genette’s narrative theory and on the basis of the narration time, we aim to prove that not only the suspense and anti-suspense factors play a role in these treatises, but also, the suspense factors are used more than anti-suspense ones. We also aim to investigate the reason of using the suspense and anti-suspense elements in these works. By using analytical-descriptive method, the research has reached the conclusion that in Risālāt al-Tayr (treatises on birds) the suspense elements with eleven frequencies have more application than the anti-suspense elements with three frequencies. In the elements of suspense, deferment through repetition and for emphasizing the mystical theme, have the highest, and in the anti-suspense elements, the removal of content due to insignificance, have the lowest frequency. This indicates that mystical-didactic topics and the modes of narrative audience play a major role in Risālāt al-Tayr. Whenever the narrator has to repeat a story for training, he/she uses the suspense elements, and whenever the circumstances of the narrative audiences require, he/she omit the training materials and resorts to the anti-suspense elements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
821 - Time in Islamic Mysticism
مرتضی شجاری According to the Islamic theologians, time is an illusory concept, and the Muslim philosophers argue that time is the measure of motion. But the Islamic mystics believe that time is related to soul, the soul that is divine and blessed. If the mystic seeks n More According to the Islamic theologians, time is an illusory concept, and the Muslim philosophers argue that time is the measure of motion. But the Islamic mystics believe that time is related to soul, the soul that is divine and blessed. If the mystic seeks nearness to God, he will be everlasting. From this point of view, there is not any past and future, and the soul is immortal. The holly traveler (sālek) is seeking nearness to God and wants to set free from the time, which is possible only with Divine love, when the Soul is filled with God. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
822 - The Sacred Time and Space in Islamic Mysticism: An Analysis Based on the Prose Texts
Koroush Ghoodarzi S. Mohsen hoseiniMoaakhar Mohammadreza RozbehIn the present article, after the expressing the differences and similarities of myth, rite and mysticism, it has been attempt to analyze the mythical sacred time and space and the related rites in the Persian prose texts till 7th A.H. century. The common foundations of MoreIn the present article, after the expressing the differences and similarities of myth, rite and mysticism, it has been attempt to analyze the mythical sacred time and space and the related rites in the Persian prose texts till 7th A.H. century. The common foundations of mythology and mysticism and common human unconscious show that in the passage of time, the sacred time and space have developed similar functions. The mystical texts reveal these similarities. We can refer to these functions: world denying, the intuition of God, knowing polite etiquette, the return to eternal time and space, experience of relaxation, catharsis, understanding the presence of gods and quest for wants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
823 - Instant in the Thoughts of Buddā and Khayyām: A Comparative Approach
mostafa gorji fateme kopa zohre amimdariBuddā and Khayyām have a prominent place among thinkers who have seriously meditated upon "passing of time" and the concept of "instant". The present article tries to study the concepts of time and universe and to interpret the notion of instant, regarding to subjects l MoreBuddā and Khayyām have a prominent place among thinkers who have seriously meditated upon "passing of time" and the concept of "instant". The present article tries to study the concepts of time and universe and to interpret the notion of instant, regarding to subjects like death, pain and pleasure, in their thoughts. Khayyām inclines to escape from consciousness in order to overcome destiny; he seizes the day and treasures the present moment and leading to hedonism in the end. But Buddā has a deep interpretation of "the instant" and "the moment" that is rooted in his ideas about consciousness and whole reality. Although both of them believe to decreasing pain and suffering, but they choose different ways to achieve it, because they have different view about pain resulting from passing of time and instability of instants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
824 - Managing spilt-attention and redundancy in multimedia learning environments:evidence for dual processing systems in working memory
Hamid Reza Hassanabadi Zohreh Sarmad Mahmoud Ghazi TabatabaeiThe purpose of this study was to modify split-attention and redundancy effects in multimedia learning environments by presenting the text in auditory form or by physically integrate the multiple sources of information. The topic of lightning formatio MoreThe purpose of this study was to modify split-attention and redundancy effects in multimedia learning environments by presenting the text in auditory form or by physically integrate the multiple sources of information. The topic of lightning formation was presented to middle school students via an animation (n=51). Concurrently with the animation, one group viewed on-screen text presented adjacent to the animation (textual concise group), the second group listened to a narration (narration concise group) and the third group received both on-screen text and the narration (redundant group). Learning about lightning formation was measured by retention and transfer tests. The narration group was outperformed the textual group in retention, revealing a modality effect. But students in redundant group performed worse on transfer test than did students who received concise formats, revealing a redundancy effect. The results are explained by a dual processing model of working memory and limited visual channel capacity. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
825 - The Effect of the Orff Music on Improving Rhythm Structuring
Farahnaz Noor MohammadiThis study examined the effectiveness of the Orff music on improving rhythm structure of girls between ages 6-11 in Tehran. 42 students were selected from music classes and were matched with the control group (n=42) by mental age using Colored Person Test. Before the st MoreThis study examined the effectiveness of the Orff music on improving rhythm structure of girls between ages 6-11 in Tehran. 42 students were selected from music classes and were matched with the control group (n=42) by mental age using Colored Person Test. Before the start of music training classes and three months after, both groups were assigned to Stamback rhythm test which was composed of three parts: spontaneous rhythm speed, auditory rhythm reproduction, symbolization and visual reproduction of rhythm. The findings indicated: (1) Improvement of rhythm structure but no significant difference in speed reduction in spontaneous rhythm in the study group, (2) There were no significant difference in auditory reproductions between the two groups, (3) The enhancement of symbolization was revealed in the whole music group, but progress of rhythm structuring production was shown only in 10-11 year olds. In conclusion Orff music is only effective in improving rhythm rate and visual reproduction of rhythm in subjects aged 10-11. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
826 - The relationship between reaction time,intelligence,and anxiety
Maryam Zia-ei Sholeh AmiriIn order to study the relationship among reaction responded to the Reaction Time Test (Donde , the Cattell Anxiety scale, and the Raven’s Progressive Ma MoreIn order to study the relationship among reaction responded to the Reaction Time Test (Donde , the Cattell Anxiety scale, and the Raven’s Progressive Matrices. Results showed negative significant correlations between Simple Reaction Time (SRT) and intelligence ! "#"" ! -"#$ %& overt !"#" !-"#'$ !"#" r = -"# ( #) *+, the males significantly outperformed the females. However, there were no significant gender differences in intelligence and the anxiety level. Also, reaction time and the level of anxiety were not significantly correlated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
827 - Future Time Perspective and Academic Achievement: Mediating Role of Long-term Self-regulation and Perceived Task Instrumentality
Mohsen Afshari Meysam Shirzadifard Reza Ghorban Jahromithis study was conducted to examine the mediating role of self-regulation and perceived task instrumentality in the relationship between future time perspective and academic achievement. Five hundred and seventy two senior high school students were selected from Karaj i Morethis study was conducted to examine the mediating role of self-regulation and perceived task instrumentality in the relationship between future time perspective and academic achievement. Five hundred and seventy two senior high school students were selected from Karaj in academic year 2015-2016 by stratified proportional sampling. The participants completed the Future Time Perspective Scale (FTPS; Husman & Shell, 2008), the Adolescent Self-Regulatory Inventory (ASRI; Moilanen, 2007) and the Perceived Instrumentality Scale (PIS; Miller et al.1999). Academic achievement were assessed through the average scores of three core subjects including physics, chemistry and biology. The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that the theoretical model fitted well to the data. Valence related to academic achievement directly and indirectly through perceived instrumentality. Speed related to academic achievement directly and indirectly through long-term self-regulation. Connection related to academic achievement indirectly through long-term self-regulation and perceived instrumentality. The findings suggested that future time perspective related to academic achievement both directly and indirectly through self-regulation and perceived instrumentality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
828 - the effectiveness of attachment-based storytelling on reducing bedtime problems and enhancing child-mother relationship
Shayeste Shokoufefard Mohammad Ali Mazaheri Karine Tahmassianthis study investigated the effectiveness of attachment based storytelling on reducing children’s bedtime problems and enhancing child-mother relationship, and comparing this method with positive routines. The sample consisted of 30 children ages between four and Morethis study investigated the effectiveness of attachment based storytelling on reducing children’s bedtime problems and enhancing child-mother relationship, and comparing this method with positive routines. The sample consisted of 30 children ages between four and six years who complained about bedtime problem from Shiraz nursing homes using convenience sampling. The participants were randomly assigned into attachment based storytelling, positive routines, and control groups. The experimental groups received the training sessions. At the end of training sessions post-test was conducted. The participants’ mothers completed the Child Sleep Habit Questionnaire (Owens, Spirito, & McGuinn, 2000) and the Child-Parent Relationship Scale (Pinata,1992). The results of analysis of variance (repeated measures) indicated that while bedtime problems reduced in both the attachment based storytelling group and positive routines, it was in the attachment based storytelling group which the childmother relationship was enhanced significantly. The findings suggested that the clinical application of attachment based on storytelling not only reduced sleep problems but also improve mental and emotional health of the child and the family. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
829 - Study of Reduce Harmonic and Increasing Positioning Determination in Variable Reluctance Resolver with Area Couplings
Roya Shmsali Hamid Lesani -
Open Access Article
830 - Detecting Flooding Attacks on IMS Networks Using Kullback-Leibler Divergence and Triple EWMA
Noorallah Hemmati Doust Mansour Nejati Jahromi -
Open Access Article
831 - An Energy Efficient improving the Leach protocol Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks
Farzaneh Abdolahi Maryam Khademi -
Open Access Article
832 - Reactive Power Management in Micro Grid with Considering Power Generation Uncertainty and State Estimation
Mohammad Reza Forozan Nasab Javad Olamaei -
Open Access Article
833 - Deep Learning Method for Sleep Stages Classification by Time-Frequency Image
Mohammad Moradi Mohammad Fatehi Hassan Masoumi Mehdi Taghizadeh -
Open Access Article
834 - Evolutionary Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Rule Learning Approaches for Uncertain Time-Series Prediction
Aref Safari Rahil Hosseini -
Open Access Article
835 - Coexisting Behaviors Analysis and Chaos-Based Secure Communication Scheme by a Novel High-Order Nonlinear Autonomous System
Javad Mostafaee Saleh Mobayen Behrouz Vaseghi Mohammad Vahedi -
Open Access Article
836 - An Optimal Distributed Low Frequency Control Framework for Network-based Interconnected Power Systems Featuring Communication Network Delay
Alireza Nazmadini Alimorad Khajehzadeh Mehdi Jafari Shahbazzadeh -
Open Access Article
837 - A new approach for secure communication in industrial automation based on new finite-time chaotic synchronization scheme
Mehdi Golshani Amin Javad Mostafaee -
Open Access Article
838 - Detection of efflux pump activity and gene expression among ciprofloxacin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains
Zahra Tavakoli Hassan Sahebjamee Leila Pishkar Zohreh Alimadadi Hassan Noorbazargan Amir MirzaieBackground & Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the important nosocomial infection agents. Recently, S. aureus strains have become resistant to ciprofloxacin and the efflux pump is considered as its contributor. Herein, we investigated the presence, express MoreBackground & Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the important nosocomial infection agents. Recently, S. aureus strains have become resistant to ciprofloxacin and the efflux pump is considered as its contributor. Herein, we investigated the presence, expression, and activity of efflux pump genes (norA and norB) among ciprofloxacin-resistant S. aureus isolates. Materials & Methods: A total of 250 clinical samples were subjected to isolation of S. aureus strains. The antibiotic resistance pattern was characterized and the presence and expression level of norA and norB genes was assessed using PCR test and real-time PCR test, respectively. Finally, active efflux pumps were detected in ciprofloxacin-resistant S. aureus strains using the ethidium bromide test.Results: Among total clinical samples, 50 S. aureus strains were recovered. Of this 12 samples (24%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Moreover, norA and norB genes were found in 100 % and 83% of ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, respectively. All ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates exhibited active efflux pumps. Real-time PCR results revealed that the isolates are more resistant to ciprofloxacin having a high level of efflux pump gene expression.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that norA and norB efflux pump genes play an important role in resistance to ciprofloxacin in S. aureus strains. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
839 - Rapid diagnosis of infectious Laryngo tracheitis virus (ILTV) by real-time PCR on UL27 proprietary gene
Samaneh Zahiriyeganeh Mohammad Sadegh Hashemzadeh Ehsan Zafari Mahdi Tat Mohammad Najarasl Bentolhoda Zahraei Ruhollah DorostkarBackground & Objectives: Infectious Laryngo tracheitis virus (ILTV) is one of the major pathogens causing economic losses in poultry industry. Poultries are the only reservoir of the virus. By now there is no rapid, sensitive and accurate method for detection of thi MoreBackground & Objectives: Infectious Laryngo tracheitis virus (ILTV) is one of the major pathogens causing economic losses in poultry industry. Poultries are the only reservoir of the virus. By now there is no rapid, sensitive and accurate method for detection of this virus. This study was aimed to evaluate and introduce an accurate molecular method by using real-time PCR technique on UL27 proprietary gene of ILTV in order to fast diagnosis of the virus. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, after preparation of viral sample, the DNA was extracted from virus by using viral nucleic acids extraction kit. Thereafter, the existence of UL27 proprietary gene of the virus was evaluated at first by traditional PCR technique using specific primers and afterwards by real-time PCR technique using specific probe and primers. Results: Observation of expected 96 bp fragment in electrophoresis gel analysis confirmed the presence of UL27 proprietary gene in this viral samples and the results of real-time PCR assay evaluation were also positive in this samples. Conclusion: This study showed that the molecular method of real-time PCR is a suitable method for rapid and accurate diagnosis of ILTV by detection of UL27 proprietary gene. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
840 - Relationship between aflO and aflQ gene expression with aflatoxin B1 by Aspergillus species isolated from animal feed
Nooshin Sohrabi Morteza TaghizadehBackground & Objectives: Aflatoxins are produced as toxic secondary metabolites by some Aspergillus species. Since these fungal species can contaminate food and animal feed, microbial contamination monitoring and control is important. In the current study, the MoreBackground & Objectives: Aflatoxins are produced as toxic secondary metabolites by some Aspergillus species. Since these fungal species can contaminate food and animal feed, microbial contamination monitoring and control is important. In the current study, the correlation between expression of two aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway genes aflO and aflQ and was investigated. Materials & Methods: Sixty-seven different isolates of aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus species selected and the presence. expression of aflO and aflQ gene sequences were assayed by PCR and quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR methods, respectively. In addition, the amount of aflatoxin B1 by high-performance reverse chromatography (RP-HPLC) using a fluorescent detector. Results: Forthy one, out of 67 isolated species had both aflO and aflQ genes. Seventeen samples out of 26 (65%) had aflatoxin B1 levels higher than 5 ng/g and 6 samples (23%) produced high levels of this toxin (more than 100 ng / g) as well. Conclusion: Considering the relative correlation between the expression of selected aflatoxin genes and AFB1 produced in feedstuffs, it seems that the investigation of other aflatoxin-producing genes can lead to a better correlation and complete the results of this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
841 - Optimization of real-time PCR method to assess the direct sensitivity of clarithromycin in Helicobacter pylori
Sadegh Ghorbani-Dalini Mohammad Kargar Abbas Doosti Pejman Abbasi Negar SouodBackground and Objectives: The increasing rate of clarithromycin resistance in H. pylori is recognized as a significant contributing factor for treatment failure. The aim of this study was to representing a real-time PCR assay in comparison with disk diffusion method fo MoreBackground and Objectives: The increasing rate of clarithromycin resistance in H. pylori is recognized as a significant contributing factor for treatment failure. The aim of this study was to representing a real-time PCR assay in comparison with disk diffusion method for detection of clarithromycin resistance in H. pylori. Materials and Methods: This Experimental study was performed on 45 H. pylori specimens isolated from gastrointestinal disorders patients. In all samples, presence of H. pylori was confirmed by using culture, rapid urease test and conventional PCR. Also, clarithromycin resistance were assessed by using CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute) protocol and real-time PCR using specific primers and probe for H. pylori peptidylteransferas region of 23S rRNA gene. Results: Disk diffusion method identified 20 (44.44%) samples as susceptible and 25 (55.56%) samples as resistance to clarithromycin. But, real time PCR were identified samples as 20 (44.44%) with susceptible genotype, 5 (11.11%) with mix genotype and 20 (44.44%) as resistance to clarithromycin genotype. Also results showed that sensitivity of this assay was equal to 40 bacteria or 80 copy number of 23S rRNA gene. Conclusion: Results showed that Real-time PCR assay has high accuracy for identifying clarithromycin resistance in short time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
842 - Optimization of Real-time PCR method to quantify the measles viral particles by using F gene
Tahereh Zarei Khosrow Aghaiypour Farshid Kafilzadeh Abdolhamid ShoshtariBackground and objective: Although measles disease has controlled measles disease worldwide, there are some reports of the viral infection in vaccinated populations. Therefore, accurate and timely diagnosis is essential for the virus. Most of new molecular methods for v MoreBackground and objective: Although measles disease has controlled measles disease worldwide, there are some reports of the viral infection in vaccinated populations. Therefore, accurate and timely diagnosis is essential for the virus. Most of new molecular methods for virus detection cannot quantify the virus load. The purpose of this study was to set up Real-time PCR method using measles virus F gene. Materials and methods: Firstly, two primers and a probe from the F gene cloned into plasmid pET-22b (+)(Novagen) were designed. A ten fold serial dilution of standard plasmid containing the gene was prepared and a standard curve was plotted .The project was carried out on the 7500 Real-Time PCR detection System (Applied Biosystems) with Taq man kit (Applied Biosystems). Result: At least 30 viral particles per reaction could be determined and the dilutions between 10-4 to 10-9 equivalent 3×101 to 3×106 copies of the standard curve) were linear at best. Conclusion: Real-time PCR results showed that the technique can be used as highly specific and rapid method to detect and to determine the number of measles viral particles from the samples containing the virus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
843 - Gerard Genette’s theory and the study of temporality in Mohammadi novels
sara abdoli Alieh Yousef Fam Shervin KhamsehOne of the special features of oral narratives is the element of "time" as the most basic characteristic factor that represents it, i.e. "language" and what is revealed, i.e. "story". ", is studied in the narrative text. In this research, according to the approach of "G MoreOne of the special features of oral narratives is the element of "time" as the most basic characteristic factor that represents it, i.e. "language" and what is revealed, i.e. "story". ", is studied in the narrative text. In this research, according to the approach of "Gérard Genette", who presents his theory in the three axes of order, continuity and frequency, the category of "time in the narrative" with descriptive-analytical method in the three novels of "Mohammed Hossein Mohammadi" ", the Afghan and immigrant writer was investigated. Since the time of narration is of special importance in Mohammadi's stories, which are written in a realistic style, "Mohammadi" tried to apply this narrative method in his narrative statements in all his works. Based on the timing, he narrated his stories with negative acceleration. Novels in which the narrator or in other words the main character of the story are women, have a negative momentum. The tense and hindsight are seen with the same frequency in male and female narrators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
844 - Examining and comparing the element of "time" from the point of view of Gerald Prince and Gerard Genet in two stories by Haruki Murakami (Blind Willow, Sleeping Woman) and (Shinagawa Monkey)
maryam zahedinfard fatemeh tavakoli rostamiOne of the important issues in structuralism theory is the relation between time, narrative and how time of expression is narrated. One of the ways that makes this abstract thing Concrete is narrative action. According to structuralists analysis, time is one of the main MoreOne of the important issues in structuralism theory is the relation between time, narrative and how time of expression is narrated. One of the ways that makes this abstract thing Concrete is narrative action. According to structuralists analysis, time is one of the main components of the advancement of any narrative, which, along with causality, propagates the story line. Gerald (Prince), (1942) (Gerald Genet) (1930-2018) two structuralist theorist, in relation to time in the narration, express the views of that we compare these two perspectives and consider them in two short stories (willow blind- woman sleeping) (Shinagawa Monkey) from Haruki Murakami. Finally, we conclude that Gerald Genet has eliminated the Prince’s perspective of one of the most complex concepts of the narrative, namely, the problem of time with a simpler pattern( time interval) and (narration time); the discussion( the speed of the narrative) in Prince’s view is defined by two separate concepts( continuity) and( frequency). In addition, Genet by considering the views of the other theorists about time, its function, and its types in narration, Genet adjusts other theories of the theologians and proposes a more comprehensive definition. The present study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical study using library resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
845 - Reviewing and analyzing the story elements of Tangsir Sadegh Chubak’s novel Based on the classic and modern elements story writing
ali keshavarz gadimi javad taheri lida namdarThe modern novel is a new form of writing that always seeks to find emotions, vague mental impressions and the escape of people and then convey them from an objective and impartial point of view that belongs neither to the narrator nor to the reader. A writing that lack MoreThe modern novel is a new form of writing that always seeks to find emotions, vague mental impressions and the escape of people and then convey them from an objective and impartial point of view that belongs neither to the narrator nor to the reader. A writing that lacks transparency, explanation of values, principles of traditional order, humanitarian descriptions, politics, etc. Factors such as uncertainty, absence of cause and effect relationships, presentation of new topics, defamiliarization of traditional concepts of the text, ambiguity and complexity, serious presence of the reader are the components that exist in the structure of this new literary form, some of which can be compared in Tangsir's novel. Sadegh is Chobak. In a way, Chubak's language and writing in Tangsir is intended to create a new concept that has a mixed approach to challenge the originality of the traditional language. Chobek's unique form and techniques in Tangsir, including mixed time, linear and discrete plot, multi-instrumental beginning, closed ending, evolved characters, presenting a new concept, monologues are components that can be used in two classical and modern story structures. compared writing. The purpose of this research is to compare the modern and classic novel components in Tangsir Sadeq Chubak in a descriptive-analytical way and in a library way. The findings of the research show that Chubak is a modernist writer because he was able to present a new form of writing that was unprecedented until then with the influence of the modern literature of the world and his inherent genius. Also, the findings of his research show that Chubak sometimes used composite time in the novel Tangsir and brought it close to the flow of the mind, which is a completely new method, and he even tried to break the linear pattern in parts of the novel and make it discrete and Provide art. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
846 - reflected the temporary situation of immigration categories at the narrative time and location of The novel Afghan refugees
Ahmad khiali khatibi Roghayeh shabanloueiConcept of migration as a political and social phenomenon has presence in immigrants’ cultural creative process, people who have left their home country forcibly or voluntarily. Marginalized conditions, geographical separation and cultural interaction with the hos MoreConcept of migration as a political and social phenomenon has presence in immigrants’ cultural creative process, people who have left their home country forcibly or voluntarily. Marginalized conditions, geographical separation and cultural interaction with the host country are reflected in migration novels as kind of literature with marginalized voice, opposing existing situation in the country and present totalitarian realities which is critical mirroring of country’s political, social and cultural circumstances. Geographical separation of migration society content from home country’s realities content has caused the cultural phenomenon of migration literature’s critical declaration of autonomy, consequently with temporary engagement between migrant society content and the host country’ s, fundamental structure appears in integral content which comes in its whole form in novels of this literature genre. So the “field” of dominant realities of country of origin society, complication and fraction between migrant society and the host society is stated in migrant society wandering isolated bodies literature quest, in fictional narrative of the ones pushed out of their homeland struggling with identity crisis, not only as source of inspiration but also as subject of migrant thought process, be examined in characters interactions and areas of narrative time and place is occurrence in the world of text . This research will attempt to study success of migration literature genre in introduction of Afghanistan society through, comprehension of position of the genre in Afghan literature, study of evolution process of writing novels among migrant authors, and also with resorting to critical study of sociology of literature and “field’’ theory of Developmental structuralist school ,paid To reflected the temporary situation of immigration categories at the narrative time and location of The novel Afghan refugees. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
847 - A study of time element in novels of Mohammad Rahim Okhovvat based on views of Gennet
Vida vafaee Manijeh EghbaliOne of the major issues in the theory of structuralism dealt with the relationship between language, narration and the manifestation of "time" in the narration. Amongst the narratologists, Gérard Gennet has been suggested the most comprehensive discussion of the MoreOne of the major issues in the theory of structuralism dealt with the relationship between language, narration and the manifestation of "time" in the narration. Amongst the narratologists, Gérard Gennet has been suggested the most comprehensive discussion of the components of time, as "Anachronism" between the story and the text that the temporal connection between them consist of three types: 1-discipline, 2. Continuity and 3. Frequency. This paper aims to analyze through the collected Stories of "Mohammad Rahim Okhovvat" including: "The problem Mr. understanding", "Not to be", "Names and shadows", "84 stories ","Watching "," The autumn "," Borderless of the borderless "," The spring ","The sun" and "doom or seven labors of life", from the viewpoint of "Time", based on the theories of the "Gérard Gennet". A comparative study of the above works has been mentioned by the most concerning on the "time" with the views "of Gerard Gennet". As a result, the works "Mohammad Rahim Okhovvat" are mainly made of “scattered stories" or "pseudo-memories" rather than "novels". These stories have a reporting structure species and the least amount of complexity relating to time, place, and narration. The same subject, makes difficult matching the Gerard Gennet's theory and the views of "narration" particularly in the field of "Anachronism" in his works. In terms of "Time", the narrations of "Mohammad Rahim Okhovvat" are provided mainly from linear form, gestures or actions taken consecutive manner further to narrative complexity (in terms of Anachronism). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
848 - Modeling the impacts of OPEC oil price fluctuations on the Iranian investors sentiments- nonlinear and time-varying parameter
S. Kazem Chavoshi Arefeh Sharifi Abstract In classical finance, investors sentiment play no role in expected returns and stock prices, but behavioral finance believes that investors decisions are influenced by their sentiment.In oil-producing countries, including Iran, the news of OPEC oil pri More Abstract In classical finance, investors sentiment play no role in expected returns and stock prices, but behavioral finance believes that investors decisions are influenced by their sentiment.In oil-producing countries, including Iran, the news of OPEC oil price fluctuations affects investors sentiments . we used the monthly data for the period of research 2008 to 2021.The research method of this article is an application uses the nonlinear and time varying parameter models.The results show that OPEC oil price fluctuations on investors' investment follow nonlinear process .Change in a standard deviation in OPEC oil price fluctuations over time has a U-shaped effect on investor sentiment (moving on a horizontal axis).Changes in standard deviation in OPEC oil price fluctuations in each period (moving on the transverse axis), at the beginning of the second period have a strong negative effect and in the middle and end of period have a small negative effect on investors sentiments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
849 - ارزیابی مدلهای خطی و غیرخطی در پیشبینی شاخص قیمت سهام در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران
علی اکبر خسروی نژاد مرجان شعبانی صدر پیشه -
Open Access Article
850 - Predictability Test of Stock Market Price Index in Iran Investment Market and comparing Linear and Nonlinear models predictability potentials
Karim Emami Ghodratollah EmamverdiSince the highly complicated Time Series such as Stock Market Prices are usually stochastic, their changes are assumed to be unpredictable. Some tests which have been used to study the statistical observations related to the economical variables e.g. Stock Market Price, MoreSince the highly complicated Time Series such as Stock Market Prices are usually stochastic, their changes are assumed to be unpredictable. Some tests which have been used to study the statistical observations related to the economical variables e.g. Stock Market Price, are often go wrong while encountering the chaotic data and recognize them as stochastic ones, though these data are actually generated from the deterministic systems which bear few tribulations. For this reason the predictable and non-linear tests such as HURST, BDS, Runs Test, and Correlation Dimension have been used to study the existence of deterministic chaotic trend and non-linear process in Time Series of Daily Stock Market Price Index of TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE from 23 rd October, 2000 to 24 th September, 2002. The result of the above mentioned tests shows the predictability and the existence of a non-linear process in the sample data. After the illustration of predictability and the non-linear process in daily stock index data, then the linear time series models (AR), non-linear (GARCH) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) have been estimated to present a suitable model for predicting the Stock Price Index. Comparing the potential of predictability of these models by such criteria as: CDC, RMSE, MAE, MAPE and U-THEIL inequality coefficient, it has been revealed that there is the highest potential of predictability in Artificial Neural Network models than the other ones Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
851 - The News Impact of Petrochemical Feedstock Prices Increase on Tehran Stock Market
سعید نایب منیژه هادی نژاد فرشته شمس صفاAbstract Capital market as a bridge between "individual and institutional savers" and "investors need funds" by doing the two important duty: "to finance long-term" and " risk management" play an important role in increasing the reliability and volume investment, espec MoreAbstract Capital market as a bridge between "individual and institutional savers" and "investors need funds" by doing the two important duty: "to finance long-term" and " risk management" play an important role in increasing the reliability and volume investment, especially in long-term economic activities. Petrochemical companies known as chemical industry; which is the largest market participants on the Tehran Stock Exchange; As the daily average trading value has been allocated 21% of the total value of daily trading in stock market at August 92. The petrochemical industry has created the added value with the sale of crude oil and gas; in addition to has created huge resources, by collecting small savings society have been a considerable share of the stock market trading. Petrochemical gas feed price increase is the subjects that experts and economic decision-making will be discussed along time ago in the media, that in the 93 budget approved by the Assembly were approved in 1392. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of feedstock price increases on Tehran stock market indices. In this study, time series data on a daily basis from the date of 01/07/91 to 30/07/93 have been analyzed the ARCH family models and Virtual variables. The results suggest that increasing the price of feedstock's approval before Tehran had a significant effect on stock market indices and the yield is influenced by a positive trend. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
852 - Evaluating the effect of currency fluctuations on the performance of companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange and measuring its time intervals.
Mohammad Javad Mohagheq Nia Ali Asghar Ziachi Mustafa Sargolzaei Vahid KhashaiAbstractThe performance of listed firms is affected by a variety of internal and external factors. In addition to exploiting the internal factors, the managers of these firms must be able to navigate the external environment in such a way as to achieve their intended go MoreAbstractThe performance of listed firms is affected by a variety of internal and external factors. In addition to exploiting the internal factors, the managers of these firms must be able to navigate the external environment in such a way as to achieve their intended goals. The present research investigates the impact of currency fluctuations as an environmental factor on the performance of the firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). This quasi-experimental research uses the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model to evaluate the impact of currency fluctuations on firm performance and the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to measure the effect of lags on this relationship. The results show that currency fluctuations significantly affect the performance of TSE-listed firms, but the strength and type of these effects vary across industries. Also, these effects occur with different time lags in various industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
853 - Studying the Relationship between Environmental Factors, Runoff Characteristics and Infiltration Depth Using Rainfall Simulator in Northwestern Rangelands of Iran
Sedigheh Mohamadi -
Open Access Article
854 - Determining the Preference Value of Perennial Grasses Using Preference Index and Sheep Grazing Time Methods in Grasslands of the Middle Alborz, Iran
Saeed Rashvand Hassan Yeganeh Fazel Amiri -
Open Access Article
855 - Identifying the lifestyles of investors, the degree of mental conflict and the type of purchasing decision with a financial-behavioral approach
Sayyed Mohammadtaghi Hosseini kia Vahid Reza MirabiThe main objective of the paper is to identify the life styles of investors, the degree of mental conflict and the types of purchasing decision-making with a financial-behavioral approach. In order to identify the lifestyle of investors, a number of lifestyle variables MoreThe main objective of the paper is to identify the life styles of investors, the degree of mental conflict and the types of purchasing decision-making with a financial-behavioral approach. In order to identify the lifestyle of investors, a number of lifestyle variables were given to a Delphi group. This paper is a methodological, descriptive-survey and purpose-oriented. The data collection method was carried out through two primary and secondary methods (a standard questionnaire with validated validity). Subsequent research was done by Cronbach's alpha. The sample size of the research was analyzed according to Krejcie and Morgan's table for a limited population of 384 questionnaires. Sampling method is available. After analyzing data through LaserL and SPS software. Basis. The results are as follows: Lifestyle of risky investors (rank 1, complex decision-making, and mental conflicts are too high), lifestyle of thoughtful investors (rank 2, complex decision-making, and mental conflicts are too high),), lifestyle of capital Optimistic (rank 3, type of decision making is limited and mental contention is low, lifestyle of conservative investors (rank 4, type of decision-making is limited and mental contention is low), and lifestyle of sentimental investors (rank 5, type of decision Restrictions are limited and mental contention is low). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
856 - The effect of shopping motivations on commercial activity: The moderating role of time pressure and impulse buying at airport
Abdollah Cheshmehkhavar Ghasem BakhshandehThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of shopping motivations on choosing commercial activities of passengers with the moderate effects of time pressure and impulse buying at Ahvaz international airport. This research is applied in terms of purpose, co MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of shopping motivations on choosing commercial activities of passengers with the moderate effects of time pressure and impulse buying at Ahvaz international airport. This research is applied in terms of purpose, correlation in terms of type and cross-sectional in terms of time. The statistical population of this study consisted of domestic flight passengers of Ahvaz airport, 385 people were selected by convenience sampling method. The questionnaire of this research has four variables: the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the reliability of variables, shopping motivations, choosing of commercial activities, time pressure and the impulse buying were 0.923, 0.870, 0.835, and 0.917, respectively. SPSS and Smart-PLS software were used to analyze the data. The results of the study reveal that shopping motivation has positive and significant effect on business activity of passengers at the airport. And furthermore, time pressure moderates the relationship between shopping motivations and commercial activities. While impulse buying tendency do not moderate the relationship between shopping motivations and commercial activities. Finally, according to the research findings, practical suggestions were given. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
857 - Optimization of petrol demand through pricing system and improving the efficiency of car engine (in the framework of autoregressive model with distribution intervals and error correction model in the period 1988 to 2016)
Mohammad Reza Shahbazi Amir Hossein JanMohammadi Mahdi Sadeghi Shahdani,petrol consumption in Iran has an average annual growth of 2.8 percent during the years 1988 - 2016.A good understanding of effective factors on petrol consumption in the short - term and long term can pave the way for the adoption of appropriate policies in this area. Morepetrol consumption in Iran has an average annual growth of 2.8 percent during the years 1988 - 2016.A good understanding of effective factors on petrol consumption in the short - term and long term can pave the way for the adoption of appropriate policies in this area. Promoting performance and modification of consumption patterns is essential to respond to an increasing demand for gasoline consumption, which has been emphasized in the overall policies of the resistance economy.In this paper, the effect of variables of real petrol price, average real household income and car engine efficiency in the form of an econometric model using time series modeling in Iran during the period 1988-2016 has been studied.The model is estimated using the autoregressive model with distributed intervals and the error correction model. The results show that among the variables used, petrol consumption is inversely related to the actual price of gasoline and the efficiency of motor vehicles, and is also directly related to the average real household income. According to the results, the effect of 1% improvement in car engine efficiency in reducing fuel consumption is 17 times more than 1% increase in real petrol price in reducing fuel consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
858 - The Determinants of the Timeliness of Interim Financial Statements
Bahman Banimahd Mahtab ToutchiFinancial reports are major instrument to publish information for stakeholders. The purpose of interim financial statements is to improve the timeliness of accounting information. In this paper, we have examined the determinants of interim financial statements timelines MoreFinancial reports are major instrument to publish information for stakeholders. The purpose of interim financial statements is to improve the timeliness of accounting information. In this paper, we have examined the determinants of interim financial statements timeliness in Tehran Stock Exchange. Study sample are about 84 firms in a four periods 2006 to 2010. We have found there is a relation between unqualified audit report and auditor type with interim financial statements timeliness. The results of this study show that in emerging markets such as Tehran capital market , interim financial statements timeliness is more depend on unqualified audit report and auditor type. when the audit report is unqualified , time of the interim financial statements presentation will be decreased. The results also show when audit firm is Audit Organization time of the interim financial statements presentation will be increased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
859 - On the Design of Extended State-Dependent Differential Riccati Equation Controller for Nonlinear Reaction-Advection-Diffusion Partial Differential Equation with Multiple Delays
Fariba Bouzari Liavoli Ahmad Fakharian Hamid KhaloozadehThis paper proposes a sub-optimal Extended State-Dependent Differential Riccati Equation (ESDDRE) controller for nonlinear Reaction-Advection-Diffusion (R-A-D) Partial Differential Equation (PDE) systems with multiple delays. A State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) is MoreThis paper proposes a sub-optimal Extended State-Dependent Differential Riccati Equation (ESDDRE) controller for nonlinear Reaction-Advection-Diffusion (R-A-D) Partial Differential Equation (PDE) systems with multiple delays. A State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) is a nonlinear version of Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) in optimal control and it is used to analyze nonlinear optimal control problems. Instead of the linearization or the Jacobin procedure, the ESDDRE technique applies a State-Dependent Coefficients (SDC) for parameterization to construct an Extended Pseudo-Linearization (EPL) representation. All of the multiple delays sections in this presentation can be located in the system matrices and input vectors. The control effort of ESDDRE method is derived based on the Hamiltonian equation and also cost function according to the PDE systems. In addition, the L_2 stability is guaranteed by Poincaré inequality and as well as Lyapunov function regarded on the ESDDRE control strategy for the closed-loop system. The simulation results for the nonlinear R-A-D partial differential equation with one and two constant delays indicate that the proposed ESDDRE controller technique is efficient. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
860 - Design and Nonlinear Analysis of a Novel MEMS-Based Resonator for Biomedical Applications
Farbod Setoudeh Mohsen Ghadami -
Open Access Article
861 - Comparing the speed and time of association extraction from database with cuckoo search and genetic algorithms
Payam Abdolmohammadi Roham Farahani -
Open Access Article
862 - Synchronizing of Smart Homes in Microgrids using Whale Optimization Algorithm
Farhad Nourozi Navid Ghardash khaniThe household energy management system (HEMS) can optimally schedule home appliances for transferring loads from peak to off-peak times. Consumers of smart houses have HEM, renewable energy sources and storage systems to reduce the bill. In this article, a new HEM model MoreThe household energy management system (HEMS) can optimally schedule home appliances for transferring loads from peak to off-peak times. Consumers of smart houses have HEM, renewable energy sources and storage systems to reduce the bill. In this article, a new HEM model based on the time of usage pricing planning with renewable energy systems is proposed to use the energy more efficiently. The new meta-heuristic whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and the common meta-heuristic of particle swarm optimization (PSO) are used to achieve that. To improve the performance, a mapping chaos theory (CWOA) is proposed. Also, an independent solar energy source is used as a support of the microgrid to achieve a better performance. It is concluded that the energy saving achieved by the proposed algorithm is able to decrease the electricity bill by about 40-50% rather than the WOA and PSO methods. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
863 - A Swarm-based Scheduling Algorithm for Lifetime Improvement of Visual Sensor Networks
Mir Gholamreza Mortazavi Mirsaeid Hosseini Shirvani Arash Dana Mahmood FathyVisual sensor networks (VSNs) apply directional sensors that can be configured only in one direction and also can be set in one of the possible observing ranges. In this battery-resource-limited environment, battery management and network lifetime expansion are still im MoreVisual sensor networks (VSNs) apply directional sensors that can be configured only in one direction and also can be set in one of the possible observing ranges. In this battery-resource-limited environment, battery management and network lifetime expansion are still important challenges. The target coverage problem in such networks, in which all of the specified targets must be continuously observed and monitored by administrators is formulated as an integer linear programming problem (ILP) that is an NP-Hard problem. Although several approaches have been presented in the literature to solve the aforementioned problem, the majority of them suffer from getting stuck in the local trap and low exploration in search space. To address the issue, a discrete cuckoo-search optimization algorithm (DCSA) is extended to solve this combinatorial problem. The discrete operator of the proposed algorithm is designed in such a way that explore search space efficiently and lead to balancing in the local and global search process. The proposed algorithm was examined in different conducted scenarios. The returned results of simulations of numerous scenarios show the dominance of the proposed algorithm in comparison with other existing approaches in terms of network lifetime maximization. In other words, the proposed DCSA has 19.75% and 13.75% improvement in terms of network average lifetime expansion against HMNLAR and GA-based approaches respectively in all scenarios. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
864 - A New Real-Time Pricing Scheme Considering Smart Building Energy Management System
Mohammad-Hossein Shariatkhah Mahmoud-Reza Haghifam Mohammad-Kazem Sheikh-El-Eslami -
Open Access Article
865 - The Influence of Smart Grid on TOU Programs With Respect to Production Cost and Load Factor, A Case Study of Iran
Hassan Monsef Pouyan Khajavi -
Open Access Article
866 - Robustness Energy Management Module Design for Smart Homes concerning Operation Uncertainty of PVs and WTs Resources
Fatemeh Mohammadi Faramarz Faghihi Ahad Kazemi Amirhossein Salemi -
Open Access Article
867 - A High Order Sliding Mode Controller Design for the Quadruple Tank Process with a Time Delay Compensator in The Presence of Uncertainties
Davood Ansari Mehdi Siahi Mohammad Komareji -
Open Access Article
868 - The Effective Factors on Inconsistency of Theoretical Studies and Clinical Reports in Thermal Reactions
Sasan Soudi Bahareh Khaksar Jalali Sharifeh Shahi -
Open Access Article
869 - Optimal Scheduling of CHP-based Microgrid Under Real-Time Demand Response Program
Hamed Pashaei-Didani Kazem Zare Sayyad Nojavan -
Open Access Article
870 - A Novel Market Optimization Model in order to Minimizing Environmental Cost Caused by Plants
Mehdi Nourinezhad Soodabeh Soleymani Hosein Mohammadnezhad Shourkaei -
Open Access Article
871 - Optimal Current Meter Placement for Accurate Fault Location Purpose using Dynamic Time Warping
K. G. Firouzjah A Sheikholeslam -
Open Access Article
872 - Energy-Saving in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Optimization Sink Movement Control
Mozhgan Toulabi Shahram Javadi -
Open Access Article
873 - The relationship between cultural consumption and social health (case study :Tehranian citizens 15-65 aged )
akram doosti Abdolreza Adhmi Shahla kazemipoursabatThe relationship between cultural consumption and social health (case study: Tehranian citizens 15-65 aged) Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cultural consumption and social health. The research method, survey and data gathe MoreThe relationship between cultural consumption and social health (case study: Tehranian citizens 15-65 aged) Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cultural consumption and social health. The research method, survey and data gathering tool were a questionnaire. By Using the Cochran formula, 384 citizens of 15 to 65 Tehranians were selected by convenience sampling. To assess the research tools, formal validity and reliability of Cronbach's alpha were used. To test the hypothesis, Pearson correlation coefficient was used. Results showed; There is a significant and positive correlation between the daily study and the social health of respondents (sig=0/000, r=0/729). There is a significant and positive correlation between the art leisure and the social health of respondents (sig=0/000 , r=0/779). There is a significant and positive correlation between the media consumption and the social health of respondents (sig=0/000 , r=0/729). Finally, there is a significant and positive correlation between cultural consumption and social health of respondents (sig=0/010 , r=0/639). Keywords: Cultural consumption, social health, leisure time, media consumption Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
874 - Analysis of the relationship between socio-cultural factors and leisure time with general health of students with emphasis on sports activities (Case study: Students of Payame Noor University of Kermanshah Province)
ali karimi Fatemeh AfrasiabiThe purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between socio-cultural factors and leisure time with general health of students with an emphasis on sport activities. The research method was descriptive - correlational and data collection tool was a questionnai MoreThe purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between socio-cultural factors and leisure time with general health of students with an emphasis on sport activities. The research method was descriptive - correlational and data collection tool was a questionnaire 357 students were selected using Formal Cochran as an accessible sample. This research was carried out using a survey method and a questionnaire. To assess the research tools, formal validity was used and for reliability of Cronbach's alpha. For data analysis, structural equation modeling was used with pls software. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between socio-cultural factors and leisure time (r = 0.45), sport (r = 0.52), religiosity (r = 0. 49), marital status (r = 0.70) ), Music (r = 0.46) and stress (r = 0.31) with general health of students. The results of regression also show that 5 variables, 0.33 (socio-cultural and leisure) (0.29 (religiosity) + 0.26 (sport) + 20.0 (music) + 0.17 (stress) The dependent variable has a significant effect and in total 56% of the variation of dependent variable (R² = 0.56) have been explained. Also, on the basis of path analysis of structural equations, it was observed that the sociocultural variable was generally influenced by the general health variable with a path coefficient of 76% and leisure time variable on general health with a path coefficient of 0.36. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
875 - A comparative study of business ethics and Commercialism (Between merchants and students in Rasht and Rezvanshahr Gilak, effort and leave)
Gholamreza Latifi هادی عبداللهی bardya faraje sajad kavehThe aim of this study provide an explanation of the basis of ethnic Commercialism Three ethnic groups among students in University of Gilan, Gilak, effort and leave. To explain the findings of the theory of the Protestant work ethic and the spirit of capitalism, Weber a MoreThe aim of this study provide an explanation of the basis of ethnic Commercialism Three ethnic groups among students in University of Gilan, Gilak, effort and leave. To explain the findings of the theory of the Protestant work ethic and the spirit of capitalism, Weber and Bourdieu's theory of achievement motivation Mkkllnd and formations were used. The population consisted of 124 students left, Gilak and effort at the University of Gilan, Rasht, along with 69 people from merchants Rezvanshahr and that as a chain or snowball sampling were selected. First, using the model of ideal type Weber's ideal type of interview transcripts of the merchant market in Rasht was extracted.Then this model among students of three different ethnicity sociological analysis through in-depth interviews were conducted. The results indicate that students leave in terms of both economic and social and cognitive characteristics of the type of ideal market close and students of both ethnicities other than that type Faslhdarnd. In fact, the cultural foundations in with some relatives may be effective for mold growth Commercialism.And in particular for strengthening the foundations of ethnicity can be used to successfully help market it. Accordingly, due to the mental construction of ethnicity in development planning is necessary Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
876 - Factor Variability Test in Stock Return Forecasting Using Dynamic Model Averaging (DMA)
hosein maghsoud hamedreza vakilifard Taghi TorabiIn this study, using dynamic averaging models and monthly data in the period 2001:4 until 2018:3, Tehran Stock Exchange returns be investigated. In this regard, macroeconomics variables and parallel markets indices have been used to forecast the stock returns. Initially MoreIn this study, using dynamic averaging models and monthly data in the period 2001:4 until 2018:3, Tehran Stock Exchange returns be investigated. In this regard, macroeconomics variables and parallel markets indices have been used to forecast the stock returns. Initially, estimating various models such as Recursive models, time-varying parameter models (TVP), dynamic model selection (DMS) and dynamic model averaging (DMA) in Matlab software, It was observed that DMS model with α = β = 0.95 had higher forecast accuracy (based on MAFE, MSFE and Log (PL) metrics). Gold price (48-period), exchange rate (36-period) and inflation rate (30-period) had the highest effect on stock returns, respectively, and global oil prices and GDP had the lowest effect by 28 and 2, respectively. Finally, the results indicate that utilizing dynamic models by considering time variations in parameters and the variation of the model increases the efficiency of forecasting stock returns. Keywords: Forecasting, Stock Returns, time-varying Parameter (TVP), Dynamic Model Averaging (DMA). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
877 - Forecasting the Global Gold Price Movement with Marginal Distribution Modeling Approach: An Application of the Copula GARCH Gaussian and t
Mohammad reza Haddadi Younes Nademi Hamed FarhadiGiven the importance of gold prices in financial markets and the economic effects of price fluctuations, the trend of gold price changes in the national and global economy has attracted the attention of many researchers and economic analysts. Therefore, the main purpose MoreGiven the importance of gold prices in financial markets and the economic effects of price fluctuations, the trend of gold price changes in the national and global economy has attracted the attention of many researchers and economic analysts. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to predict the trend of the global gold price movement. The purpose of this study was to introduce a combined model of the GARCH-Classic and the GARCH-Copula models and to compare them with the Garch family models in order to predict the global gold price trend in the period 01/04/2002 to 26/06/2018. The forecast horizons are 1, 5, 10, and 22 days. The prediction accuracy of these models has been evaluated and compared using RMSE error criterion. Results showed that in short-run prediction horizons, the normal Capula model with GARCH-t distribution and in long run prediction horizon, Capula- t model with the distribution of GARCH-t performs better than competing models. The hybrid model presented in this study has a high potential for predicting the trend of global gold price movement, so using this model for different sector investors, economic analysts, as well as country macro planners, can have valuable results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
878 - Designing non-linear pattern contagious influence of the Tehran Price Index from the physical assets market (Application of NARX artificial neural network model)
mahdi shaban habibollah nakhaei Ghodrat Alloh Talebnia nazanin bashirimaneshThe present study examines the contagiousness of the Tehran Stock Exchange from the price of parallel assets using the dynamic neural network. To perform calculations, the time series of coin price variables as a representative of the gold market, the average price per MoreThe present study examines the contagiousness of the Tehran Stock Exchange from the price of parallel assets using the dynamic neural network. To perform calculations, the time series of coin price variables as a representative of the gold market, the average price per square meter of residential building as a representative of the housing market. The price of each barrel of Iranian crude oil and the US dollar exchange rate and their conditional fluctuations as explanatory variables and the total index of Tehran Stock Exchange and its conditional fluctuation as the target variable from 1387 to 1397 are examined daily .The dynamic neural network is evaluated with four input variables and one target variable with different neurons with the MSE criteria, and the models with 20 neurons and 10 neurons have the lowest MSE, .Research results show that the stock exchange has a maximum of two lag from competing markets has become contagious, indicating the poor performance of the Tehran Stock Exchange. The results show that the proposed neural network patterns have a high power in predicting the index of Tehran Stock Exchange and its fluctuations from 1387 to 1397 as in-sample forecast and in 1398 as extra-sample forecast. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
879 - Impact of the Investor's Mood State on Expected Return on Investment
mostafa heidari haratemeh mohsen ameri shahrabiSeveral studies have examined the relationship between investor's mood and economic conditions . This paper examines the effect of investor sentiment on expected return on capital by considering changes in Lucas's model, considering equity and equity market prices in th MoreSeveral studies have examined the relationship between investor's mood and economic conditions . This paper examines the effect of investor sentiment on expected return on capital by considering changes in Lucas's model, considering equity and equity market prices in the context of pricing models and in the context of minor changes. How the slight changes in the mood factors (time preference and risk aversion affect stock prices) are determined and calculated. The results show that: a) The expected rate of return on stocks is inversely related to the investor's mood state; b) When the investor has a good mood state, the effect of the mood state on the expected return on capital increases; c ) The variables of the mood state of affairs are more influential on the investment markets than on the securities market; d) The investor's mood state is an essential factor in the stock return; e) Integrating the investor's mood state with asset pricing patterns can help interpret existing evidence of growing maladies related to investor behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
880 - Mutual fund performance with a different approach to data envelopment analysis
Fatemeh MehreganDespite the large number of mutual funds available to investors, paying attention to their ratings is important. Many ranking approaches use subjective weights to integrate fund performance across different time horizons, which can lead to completely different ranking.S MoreDespite the large number of mutual funds available to investors, paying attention to their ratings is important. Many ranking approaches use subjective weights to integrate fund performance across different time horizons, which can lead to completely different ranking.So far, the efficiency of the funds has been calculated in the valuation of the funds with the help of data envelopment analysis, and then the portfolio is selected from the efficient funds. In this paper, a new approach and application of the philosophy of data envelopment analysis (input reduction and output increase) is applied and generalized to the concept of risk and return. The proposed model is a new nonparametric technique that focuses on the simultaneous estimation of contractile (risk) and expansion (return) potentials. This approach eliminates any need for mental such as the importance, weighting, and meaningfulness of actions across different time horizons. This approach, based on the performance of the underlying fund relative to other funds, assigns a score to the underlying fund, on which it can rank the funds.This model has been applied to a sample community of 26 mutual funds. The clear results and unique ratings indicate the ability of this model to evaluate and ranking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
881 - One-way and two-way risk filtering using generalized dynamic factor model in Tehran Stock Exchange
amir sarabadani Ali Baghani Mohsen Hamidian Ghodratollah Emamverdi Norooz NoorolahzadeaAbstractAccording to statistics, risk estimation makes unusual predictions without focusing on the relevant factors and only focusing on a set of equations. In this study, we used a spreadsheet data set of time series and a new method for risk estimation. This estimatio MoreAbstractAccording to statistics, risk estimation makes unusual predictions without focusing on the relevant factors and only focusing on a set of equations. In this study, we used a spreadsheet data set of time series and a new method for risk estimation. This estimation was based on a generalized dynamic factor model (GDFM) and daily data series obtained from different measures of Tehran Stock Exchange over a 10-year period during 2008 to 2018. we first utilized a generalized dynamic factor model proposed by Forni et al in order to determine statistic and dynamic factors. In the second step, by using MATLAB, we estimated the joint component of the study series as Tehran Stock Exchange risk. Next, using the generalized least squares (GLS) method, we examined the impact of each of the filtered risks on the index returns. The results showed that although both risks estimated through one-side and two-side filtering substantially and significantly explain the changes in the performance of the studied indices, but the risk estimated through two-side filtering using GDFM can explain the returns changes much better and more accurate than the one-side filter using the same model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
882 - Provide a model for predicting noisy stock price time series using singular spectrum analysis, support vector regression with particle swarm optimization and compare it with the performance of wavelet transform, neural network, moving average self-regression process and polynomial regression
Shaban Mohammadi Hadi Saeidi abdolhosein talebi najafabadi ghasem elahi shirvanIn this research, a model for analyzing and predicting the noisy financial time series of stock prices using singular spectrum analysis and support vector regression along with particle swarm optimization is presented. Thus, the time series of closed prices of 140 share MoreIn this research, a model for analyzing and predicting the noisy financial time series of stock prices using singular spectrum analysis and support vector regression along with particle swarm optimization is presented. Thus, the time series of closed prices of 140 shares of companies in different industries per minute per day for the period from 28 May to 11 June for the years 1392 to 1398 was examined separately from the Tehran Stock Exchange. Also, the performance of the proposed model was compared with the performance of four wavelet transform models with neural network, moving average regression process, polynomial regression and naïve model. Mean absolute error, mean absolute error percentage, and mean square root of error were used as the main performance criteria. The results show that the performance of the proposed model for analyzing and predicting noisy financial time series based on mean absolute error, mean absolute error percentage and mean square root of error is better than other models (including: wavelet transform, moving average self-regression, regression Polynomial is the naïve model). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
883 - The Impact of Investor's Cognitive Psychology on Decision Making and Financial Policy
mostafa heidari haratemeh Vahid Araei seyed mahmod eslamiThe cognitive psychological conditions of the investor can influence the financial decision regarding the selection of priorities, risk assessment. In this regard, this article examines how the investor's mood affects the financial decision by making minor changes in th MoreThe cognitive psychological conditions of the investor can influence the financial decision regarding the selection of priorities, risk assessment. In this regard, this article examines how the investor's mood affects the financial decision by making minor changes in the "Lucas" model. The results showed: a) The investor with a better Mood state, has less risk aversion and vice versa. b) Increasing time preference significantly increases the price of capital and reduces the accuracy of forecasts for return on investment. c) Mood State variables have a greater impact on investment markets than on the securities market. Finally, by considering the role of investor Mood State in asset pricing models, objective evidence of growing anomalies in the capital market can be justified. Human behavior is influenced by both the senses and the intellect, so neither should be left out in economic decisions. Therefore, paying attention to the Mood state variable in the investor can help explain the sharp fluctuations in the capital market. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
884 - Provide a multi-objective - multi-objective mathematical model for investing in a portfolio under a hybrid risk measure
ahmad dadashpour omrani syed ali nabavi chashmi erfan memarianWhat has been said so far in the financial calculations and in the field of stock portfolio selection is that it prioritizes the existing investments in terms of degree of risk and return, so that investors can, considering the financial possibilities and Their risk lev MoreWhat has been said so far in the financial calculations and in the field of stock portfolio selection is that it prioritizes the existing investments in terms of degree of risk and return, so that investors can, considering the financial possibilities and Their risk level to form their preferred stock portfolio. Therefore, in this research, to present a multi-objective mathematical model for measuring stock portfolio risk by combining return metrics with two risk metrics, namely half variance and conditional risk exposure value along with transaction cost limit for fifteen shares of the top fifty stocks. The period of twelve months ending in 1398 has been discussed in the context of the Iranian capital market. According to the tables and graphs obtained from solving this type of model with the help of dynamic planning in different investment times, we will see better results in the efficiency of investors' decisions by spending less time and money and consequently more profitability of the portfolio. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
885 - Identification and modeling of stock price Resiliency in Tehran Stock Exchange and the factors affecting it using time series conversion
sepideh shamsaliniya seyed kazem chavoshi mojganm safa hosein jahangirniaThe present article deals with the research gap in "stock price Resiliency Measurement" in Tehran Stock Exchange. This research has a development-applied approach that has provided a purposeful method in modeling stock price resiliency. After presenting the resiliency m MoreThe present article deals with the research gap in "stock price Resiliency Measurement" in Tehran Stock Exchange. This research has a development-applied approach that has provided a purposeful method in modeling stock price resiliency. After presenting the resiliency measurement models, the research hypotheses, based on theoretical foundations and previous studies, were formulated and tested in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2020. Data analysis recommended the use of panel data with fixed effects and the outputs of Eviews software version 10 and Stata version 12 showed that stock resilience level was different in different years and between all variables considered in the sub-hypotheses with resiliency at the confidence level. There was a 95% significant relationship among them, except "liquidity, price effect". Among all moderating variables, stock beta, and Book to Market ratio had the most significant indirect effect and the random process component had the most direct effect in the model on the stock resilience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
886 - Multi Fractal Detrended Cross Correlation Analysis based on Indicator in Financial Time Series: Case Study of Forex Market
Zohreh Alamatian Majid Vafaei Jahan Reza SheibaniModeling synchronous time series in financial systems is very complex. In order to analyze such series, we require procedures that can determine long-term relations with high accuracy. Multifractal detrended cross correlation analysis (MFDCCA) is a technique to analyze MoreModeling synchronous time series in financial systems is very complex. In order to analyze such series, we require procedures that can determine long-term relations with high accuracy. Multifractal detrended cross correlation analysis (MFDCCA) is a technique to analyze long-term relations through detrending the time series. In this work we propose a novel technique for a more accurate detrending of a financial time series, called indicator-based multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis (IMFDCCA).We aim at using financial market technical analysis indicators to better determine correlations between financial time series.We investigated our method on currency pairs EUR/USD and USD/JPY and their long-term and short-term relations of these series were determined as multifractal.In order to evaluate the effectiveness of IMFDCCA, we used R.S and GHE techniques for the Hurst exponent estimation. The evaluation results on a collection of 8 years data (2011-2019) show that the proposed method compared to the baseline (MFDCCA) reduces the RMSE by 30% and 26% using R.S and GHE respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
887 - Estimation of a model for predicting the trend of digital currencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum) in the corona and post-corona periods with the help of time series
Seyed Ramin Saeedi nezhad sina lalehAfter the broadcast world and the epidemic of pandemic covid-19 was a severe economic crisis, For this reason, the need for more prediction became apparent. One of these methods is time series prediction. In this study, first, the effect of covid-19 disease on price of MoreAfter the broadcast world and the epidemic of pandemic covid-19 was a severe economic crisis, For this reason, the need for more prediction became apparent. One of these methods is time series prediction. In this study, first, the effect of covid-19 disease on price of Ethereum and Bitcoin, and the results show that this disease had a negative effect on world prices of Ethereum and Bitcoin. In the next step, using univariate time series methods and with the help of ARIMA models, a model for predicting which is the best model AR (1) and MA(1) and time differentiation was designed, the one-year and two-year forecasts were done with the designed model. According to the reports of the World Health Organization, there is probably corona pandamic for up to one year, and For the next two years, Corona has emerged from a pandemic is called the post-corona period. The results show that After a short decline and reacting to resistance and support, they will have an annual upward trend. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
888 - Investigating the relationship between risk sentiment of annual reports and investor risk perception
mehdi mirzania nokhandan akram taftiyanSentiment risk factors at the market level include a small portion of possible factors that include factors related to competition, suppliers, employees and customers, financing, foreign operations, regulations, lawsuits, governance, the environment. The severity of thi MoreSentiment risk factors at the market level include a small portion of possible factors that include factors related to competition, suppliers, employees and customers, financing, foreign operations, regulations, lawsuits, governance, the environment. The severity of this disclosure gap is only addressed by regulatory efforts that require companies to discuss their quantitative and qualitative assessments of perceived risks and uncertainties. One of dimensions of behavioral finance is behavioral risk, which is also known mental risk or perceived risk; which actually the investors' subjective judgment of the risk, which may be estimated more or less than the real risk. The main purpose of the present research is investigate the relationship between the risk Sentiment annual reports and the investor's risk Sentiment, which was conducted based on data of companies admitted the Tehran Stock Exchange in 13-year period between 2007 and 2019. To test the hypotheses of the research, the system of simultaneous equations and the analysis of two-stage regression coefficients have been used. The estimation results indicate that there significant relationship between the change in the standard deviation of monthly returns, the change in beta risk, and the change the volume of stock transactions with changes in risk Sentiment of annual reports. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
889 - Analysis of Comovement between Tehran Stock Market and Global Macroeconomic Indicators Using a Time-Frequency Analysis
Khadijeh Dinarzehi Mohammad Nabi Shahiki Tash Gholamreza ZamanianStudy of the comovement between financial markets plays a crucial role in increasing the performance of trading strategies. Due to the strong dependence of Iran economy on oil prices and the fluctuation of the dollar exchange rate in the open market, it is very importan MoreStudy of the comovement between financial markets plays a crucial role in increasing the performance of trading strategies. Due to the strong dependence of Iran economy on oil prices and the fluctuation of the dollar exchange rate in the open market, it is very important to study these macroeconomic level factors on stock market performance for portfolio management. In this research, using time-frequency domain analysis, while discovering the interdependence between financial markets, capital turnover trends in Tehran stock exchange are analyzed and the effect of exchange rate fluctuations and the price of the OPEC oil basket on the indices including TEPIX, industry, banking, automobile, and oil products are studied. The results show that the longer the investment horizon, the stronger this effect is, and the increase in the exchange rate causes the index to increase in order for the market to prosper more, while there is a weak interdependence between TEPIX and oil price. During the investment horizon of 4 to 9 months, any increase in USD encourages shareholders to trade more, while in similar conditions, the increase in oil prices, except in the banking and the petroleum sectors, cause money to flow out of the market in other sectors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
890 - The Development and Assessment of Stock Pricing Model Based on the Anchoring and Adjustment Theory
Mohammad Noroozi daruosh foroughi farzad karimiThe Financial market analysis is an important issue that influences investors' decisions. This paper developed the stock pricing model by comparing the predicted stock price based on the anchoring and adjustment theory and the real stock price through collecting and ana MoreThe Financial market analysis is an important issue that influences investors' decisions. This paper developed the stock pricing model by comparing the predicted stock price based on the anchoring and adjustment theory and the real stock price through collecting and analyzing the initial information and data of 122 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2011 to 2019. The results of this study show the effectiveness of the anchoring and adjustment theory based on the separation of stock return components and measuring the irrationality coefficient and emotional reactions of investors' decisions in stock prices. Accordingly, the limitations of investors 'ability to process information seem to affect the level of use of reasoning and rationality in decision-making and the effect of bounded rationality through the irrationality and limited attention on stock pricing. Therefore, it is expected that knowledge about the process of bounded rationality based on the rational bounded of investors and the behavioral biases resulting from the irrational part of their thinking, will provide a good explanation for the process of changes in financial markets. This can provide both profit opportunities and costs in investment management so that it can be used in modeling, analysis and investmentstrategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
891 - Presenting a market direction prediction model for gold coin trades in Iran’s Commodity Exchange market using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm
Soheil Zoghi Reza Raei Saeed FalahporIn recent years, deep learning neural networks have been recognized as powerful tools for solving complex problems. Deep learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence in which complex problems with numerous parameters and inputs are modeled based on a set of algorit MoreIn recent years, deep learning neural networks have been recognized as powerful tools for solving complex problems. Deep learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence in which complex problems with numerous parameters and inputs are modeled based on a set of algorithms. In this research, a new framework of deep learning is presented. Using wavelet transform, stacked auto-encoders, and the Long Short-Term Memory or LSTM, we predict the market direction in the future contracts of gold coins of Iran's Commodity Exchange market. The input data is first denoised using the wavelet transformer in the proposed method. Then, using the stacked auto-encoder, the indicators influencing the market direction are identified. Ultimately, these indicators are given as input to the LSTM architecture to predict the market direction. Proposing several new technical indicators to increase the accuracy of the proposed model, adjusting the parameters of the utilized algorithms, including LSTM, for this problem, and suggesting a trading strategy to achieve appropriate profitability are among the contributions of the present study. Investigations reveal that the proposed method outperforms other approaches and achieves higher accuracy and efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
892 - The feasibility studies of using the Greeks' sensitivity formula in the Iranian capital market
siavosh ahmadi chehreh barghIn this paper, the sensitivity of the Greeks to the capital market will be examined. The purpose of this research is to make the use of the Greeks formula in the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research has been carried out on the applied research and financial information MoreIn this paper, the sensitivity of the Greeks to the capital market will be examined. The purpose of this research is to make the use of the Greeks formula in the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research has been carried out on the applied research and financial information of Iran Khodro from September 9th to March 2010. In order to study and interpret the concepts of the Greek sensitivity formula, statistical and mathematical software such as MATLAB is used and calculations are performed with the European law (according to Tehran Stock Exchange). The outputs show that the mean and dispersion obtained in the selected sample is not normal distribution and it is proved with the help of the Lyon test that the mean and dispersion of the sample obtained can be replaced by the mean and dispersion of the society with a confidence coefficient of 99%, and the equation The Black-Scholes method is used to introduce the Greeks and examines the impact of each of the variables. Outputs show that the parameters of stock price, dispersion, maturity, and interest rate influence on the purchase price and have the effect of reducing market risk The stock introduces a mathematical model and Greek sensitivity coefficients such as d Leta, Rho, Vega, Theta and Gamma are necessary and it is necessary to use the Greek sensitivity coefficients in the Tehran Stock Exchange and acquaint investors with the concepts of mathematical finance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
893 - Applying hybrid algorithm of fuzzy time series for stock price forecasting and comparing them with calculating stock price achieved by golden ratio technique for Tehran Stock Exchange companies
Negar Aghaeefar Mohammad Ebrahim Mohammad PourzranadiThe especial importance of capital market in countries is undeniable in economic development via effective capital conduct and optimum resources allocation. Investment in capital market requires decision making in new stock exchanges, and accessing information in the ca MoreThe especial importance of capital market in countries is undeniable in economic development via effective capital conduct and optimum resources allocation. Investment in capital market requires decision making in new stock exchanges, and accessing information in the case of future status of capital market. Forecasting stock market price has always been a challenging task, since it is affected by many economic and non-economic factors and variables; therefore, selecting the best and the most efficient forecasting model is tough and essential. For this forecasting, we need a computing model with systematic method that can be estimated in this research. The attribution of this test considering one of the stock exchange industries is forecasting prices and contrasting them with calculated price achieved by Golden ratio algorithm. Banking industry is selected and all of listed in bourse and farabourse banks are reviewd that the results of one of them is presented in this article. Time-series and Fuzzy logic models are used for rationalization. Fuzzy time-series models have been utilized to make reasonably accurate prediction in the area of stock price movements.The mentioned combined method are run on the average of weekly prices of Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research stock trade for investors with calculated relations are displayed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
894 - Analysis of Power exchange option value of dollar base on gold by using of time series
Morteza Rahmani Abolfazl Tari-Marzabad سیده نفیسه Nafiseh Alemohammad Tahereh MoradzadehIn this paper, we first present the pricing equation for American and European type of standard and power exchange options. Then we tested 501 price of gold and dollar from first day of Persian month Farvardin of year 1391 to the first day of Persian month Tir of MoreIn this paper, we first present the pricing equation for American and European type of standard and power exchange options. Then we tested 501 price of gold and dollar from first day of Persian month Farvardin of year 1391 to the first day of Persian month Tir of year 1394, by using time series and ARCH, GARCH, MAR-ARCH, ARMA-GARCH, GJR-GARCH models in order to determines power of assets exchange to calculate value of power exchange option dollar on base of gold in near future. Finally, by comparing the mean square error of observation and conditional variance by considering AIC and BIC measures, we choose an appropriate model of above models. Also Christoffersen and Kupiec, as an appropriate model tests are used for forecasting and analysis the behavior of gold and dollar power option pricing. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
895 - Providing a model for predicting stock prices using ultra-innovative neural networks
Seyyed Hosein Miralavi zahra pourzamaniDue to the complexity of the stock market and the high volume of processable information, often using a simple system to predict cannot release appropriate results. Therefore, researchers have been trying to provide a system with less complexity and more efficiency and MoreDue to the complexity of the stock market and the high volume of processable information, often using a simple system to predict cannot release appropriate results. Therefore, researchers have been trying to provide a system with less complexity and more efficiency and accuracy using hybrid models. nowadays various patters are used including statistical technique (discriminate analysis , logistic , analysis factors) and artificial intelligent techniques ( neural networks(NN) , decision trees , case based reasoning , genetic algorithm , rough sets , support vector machine , fuzzy logic ) and the combination of these two technique for predicating stock prices. For most predictive models, the system uses only one indicator to predict, but in the proposed model in this study, a two-level system of multilayered perceptron neural networks is presented which uses several indicators to predict. To do this, required information of Tehran Stock Exchange price indicators, for fiscal years 2012 - 2017 was collected. We also used the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm to select the best samples for better nerve network training and thus to improve the results. The results show that the proposed model can operate with lower prediction error than other models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
896 - The effect of investors' sentiments and risk premium factors on stocks valuation
Hamid Rostami jaz yadollah tariverdi Ahmad YaghoobnezhadThe purpose of this study is to examine the relative importance of risk premium factors and the investor's sentiments to explain the deviations of the market price of the fundamental value of the stock of the companies. To achieve this goal, using the data of 95 compani MoreThe purpose of this study is to examine the relative importance of risk premium factors and the investor's sentiments to explain the deviations of the market price of the fundamental value of the stock of the companies. To achieve this goal, using the data of 95 companies during the financial periods from 2011 to 2016, the effect of the investor's sentiments and risk premium factors in explaining market price deviations from fundamental value of stocks has been investigated using multiple regression model. The results of the study showed that the deviation of the stock market value from the fundamental value of the stock can be explained by both the investor's sentiments and the risk premium. Negative effects of investor's sentiment lead to an assessment of below the stock market value relative to its fundamental values. The variable of the financial crisis also has no significant effect on the relationship between the investor's sentiments and the deviation of the stock market price from the fundamental value of the stock. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
897 - A Survey of Long-Term Memory in the Digital Currency Index
Shima Alizadeh hossein safarzadehLong-term memory, also referred to as long-range dependence, explains the correlation structure of values of a time series at long intervals. According to the efficient market hypothesis, prices follow a randomized step process, so returns on assets can not be predicted MoreLong-term memory, also referred to as long-range dependence, explains the correlation structure of values of a time series at long intervals. According to the efficient market hypothesis, prices follow a randomized step process, so returns on assets can not be predicted based on past price changes. Long-term memory is a weak point of the business-market hypothesis. Long-term processes have important implications for asset yields and play a crucial role in time series analysis. This study examines the existence of long-term memory in the price index of crypto currencies equals $ 1 and lower for the period from September 1, 2015 to September 1, 2018. To estimate the parameter d, the OLS method is used in the EVIEWS software package. The ARFIMA model is used to test hypotheses. The results indicate that long-term memory is in the currencies of DIGIBYTE, Dodge Coin, EMER Coin, BITSHARES, MAIDSAFE COIN, XEM, Redd Coin, NXT, Verge and Ripple, and on the other hand, three currencies of Byte Coin, SIA Coin, STELLAR lacks long-term memory, and therefore these currencies are among the most efficient market products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
898 - Considering budget limits in the time-cost-quality trade-off problem And determination of the most economical combination of crashing the time of activities In Critical Path methods networks (CPM)
Ehsaneh Nazari nosratollah shadnoush Tahmoores SohrabiNowadays, one of the most important issues that projects-based companies need in order to better manage project portfolios and financial planning is managing project costs. In project cost management, using a set of techniques and principles for project and financial co MoreNowadays, one of the most important issues that projects-based companies need in order to better manage project portfolios and financial planning is managing project costs. In project cost management, using a set of techniques and principles for project and financial control, it is possible to examine the financial performance of each project in terms of its actual operating cost (actual cost) compared to the estimated cost for the work performed and the corrective solutions to reduce costs And put it under control.Since reducing the duration of activities by allocating more resources to each activity is possible but requires higher costs for the implementation of those activities, it should be noted that the hasty pursuit of activities can lead to a decrease in its quality level Therefore, in the process of compressing the time of activities, in addition to the cost index, the activity quality index should also be considered. In this paper, a mathematical model for project cost management based on the critical path method approach is presented. Considering a specific figure under the project budget ceiling, two goals are to minimize the total cost of the project (the classical model) and aim to maximize the quality of the activities, simultaneously. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
899 - The optimization of Investment Beliefs in Tehran Stock Exchange Break Points Based on Heterogeneous Agent Models Framework and Agent Based Modelling with Genetic Algorithm
mehdi khoshnood Fraydoun Rahnamay Roodposhti Hashem NikoomaramThis paper survey beliefs of investor on Tehran stock exchange at three break point date (BPD). at first three BPD with several criterion : average of the share price indices , average value of the stock market turnover , average value of the stock market capitali MoreThis paper survey beliefs of investor on Tehran stock exchange at three break point date (BPD). at first three BPD with several criterion : average of the share price indices , average value of the stock market turnover , average value of the stock market capitalization .according this three BPD are : the election of Mahmood Ahmadinejad at 2005 , financial crisis at 2008 and the election of Hassan rouhani at 2013 . In addition this paper is base of Brock and Hommes heterogeneous agent model (HAM) framework. Samples are the shares of companies that 40 days before and 40 days after was traded .then with MATLAB software code was writhed and simulation done. Finding shows that strategy of contrarian trend chaser is the best and we can with genetic algorithm optimize average and standard deviation of coefficient of investment strategy and adaption with real market at break point dates. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
900 - Denoising of financial time series using wavelet analysis
Hojjatollah Sadeghi zahra dehghani firoozabadievery series of Wavelet coefficients includes part of time series in the scale of different time series. Implementation of the wavelet transform, using the best Wavelet at the right levels has significant impact on the results of the results of the financial Moreevery series of Wavelet coefficients includes part of time series in the scale of different time series. Implementation of the wavelet transform, using the best Wavelet at the right levels has significant impact on the results of the results of the financial analysis. the purpose of this study is to explanation of the importance of the concept of scale-time and the use of different time intervals in checking the behavior of the financial markets to be determined whether the removing noise from the time series can accurate the decisions we have to make in the future or not? Therefore we analyzed 16 selected index of the Tehran Stock Exchange using software "R" and using Wavelet transformation up to five levels for 250 data then put them all under noise removing process. In the next step we used two methods for evaluation the noise removing process. one clustering all the selected index in the dendrogram method And the other one time series predictions of total index which includes 500 data and the use of the data that has been noise removed into two methods of Haar wavelet and Daubechies. The results of both method claim better performance using Wavelet removing noise using Daubechies wavelet in this series. our main goal is using the wavelet analysis and noise removing from time series and using that in financial topics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
901 - Numerical solution of the time-fractional Black-Scholes equation for European double barrier option with time-dependent parameters under the CEV model
Maryam Rezaei AhmadReza Yazdanian Barrier options are considered the most widely used financial derivatives, which are massively traded in the financial markets due to its cheaper price in comparison with other standard options. Also, these options are family-path-dependent options, More Barrier options are considered the most widely used financial derivatives, which are massively traded in the financial markets due to its cheaper price in comparison with other standard options. Also, these options are family-path-dependent options, because their value depends directly on the movement of the underlying asset value during the option contract. Because the accurate order differential equation is unable the effect of trend memory in financial market, in this paper, we consider the fractional order differential equation. In order that our problem is closer to the real market model, we assume that interest rate, dividend yield and volatility are as function. The main purpose of this paper is to determine the price of European double-knock-out barrier option under the time-fractional Black-Scholes model with a fractional order . In here, the underlying asset follows the constant elasticity of variance (CEV) model. Such problems do not have exact solution in closed form, so using a finite difference method we find a suitable numerical solution by introducing implicit difference scheme. In the continuation, we investigate unconditional stability and convergence the proposed scheme by using Fourier analysis. We finally show the efficiency of the proposed difference scheme and its numerical convergence order by mentioning some numerical examples. In addition, we study the effect of the important model parameters (, and ) on long memory in form table and figure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
902 - On some curvature functionals over homogeneous Siklos space-times
A. Zaeim M. Jafari R. Kafimoosavi -
Open Access Article
903 - Maximum nullity, zero forcing number and propagation time of $\ell$-path graphs
F. ‎Kheirydoost E. Vatandoost A. Bahraini -
Open Access Article
904 - Expansion methods for solving integral equations with multiple time lags using Bernstein polynomial of the second kind
M. Paripour Z. Shojaei S. Abdolahi -
Open Access Article
905 - Numerical Solution of Nonlinear System of Ordinary Differential Equations by the Newton-Taylor Polynomial and Extrapolation with Application from a Corona Virus Model
Bahman Babayar-Razlighi -
Open Access Article
906 - Purchasing Inventory Models for Deteriorating Items with Linear Demand and Shortages - in Third Order Equation
Sivashankari C.K. -
Open Access Article
907 - A New Implicit Finite Difference Method for Solving Time Fractional Diffusion Equation
elham afshari -
Open Access Article
908 - Discrete Time Analysis of Multi-Server Queueing System with Multiple Working Vacations and Reneging of Customers
Vijaya Laxmi Pikkala Wondewosen Kassahun -
Open Access Article
909 - A New Five-Parameter Distribution: Properties and Applications
Anita Abdollahi Nanvapisheh -
Open Access Article
910 - Permanence and Uniformly Asymptotic Stability of Almost Periodic Positive Solutions for a Dynamic Commensalism Model on Time Scales
Mahammad Khuddush Kapula Rajendra Prasad K. V. Vidyasagar -
Open Access Article
911 - Analysis of a Three Age Group Preys with Control Measures of COVID-19 Spread in the Third Prey
S. Saranya S. Vijaya -
Open Access Article
912 - ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE-TIME MACHINE REPAIR PROBLEM WITH TWO REMOVABLE SERVERS UNDER TRIADIC POLICY
Veena Goswami P. Vijaya Laxmi -
Open Access Article
913 - PRODUCTION INVENTORY MODEL FOR DETERIORATING ITEMS WITH SHORTAGES AND SALVAGE VALUE UNDER REVERSE LOGISTICS
V. Kumar Mishra -
Open Access Article
914 - ANALYSIS OF A DISCRETE-TIME IMPATIENT CUSTOMER QUEUE WITH BERNOULLI-SCHEDULE VACATION INTERRUPTION
P. Vijaya Laxmi K. Jyothsna -
Open Access Article
915 - MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF A DISCRETE-TIME PRIORITY QUEUING COMPUTER NETWORK WITH PRIORITY JUMPS USING PROBABILITY GENERATING FUNCTIONS
Deepak C. Pandey Arun K. Pal -
Open Access Article
916 - ANALYSIS OF FINITE BUFFER RENEWAL INPUT QUEUE WITH BALKING AND MARKOVIAN SERVICE PROCESS
Vijaya Laxmi Pikkala Jyothsna Kanithi -
Open Access Article
917 - NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF DELAY INTEGRAL EQUATIONS BY USING BLOCK PULSE FUNCTIONS ARISES IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
M. Nouri K. Maleknejad -
Open Access Article
918 - PLANE WAVE PROPAGATION THROUGH A PLANER SLAB
Rajneesh Kakar -
Open Access Article
919 - Effect of Transplanting Time on Yield and Yield Components of Seed Corn in Kermanshah
فرهاد صادقیTo reduce water consumption in corn fields, and increase production and maintain the corn crop area of the province, a project was conducted as split-plot design based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots consisted of cultivars and MoreTo reduce water consumption in corn fields, and increase production and maintain the corn crop area of the province, a project was conducted as split-plot design based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots consisted of cultivars and subplots in different times on transplantation with direct seed culture of these cultivars. Agronomic traits were measured including plant height, ear height, stem diameter, number of days to emergence of pollen and silk tasseled , number of days to reaching physiology, number of rows of seeds and seeds per row, 1000 seed weight, ear weight, grain moisture content and grain yield. The results showed that the grain yield of KSC 704 and KSC 400 was 10330 and 9506, respectively, and the yield of KSC 260 was 7784 kg / ha. The highest grain yield was obtained from KSC 704, the two-week of transplanting corn seedling with 11640 kg/ha-1 . The average yield of cultivars × five weeks of seedling transplantation with 6597 kg/ ha -1 , which showed the most suitable transfer time of maize transplant was 3 weeks age or 21 days, which were 10 days earlier and had the highest grain yield and therefore are recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
920 - Effect of Different amounts of Urea Fertilizer on Yield and Nitrate Accumulation in Edible Parts of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Gholamreza Moafpourian mohammad saeed tadayonAbstractIn order to survey on the effect of urea fertilizer on yield and nitrate accumulation in edible parts of basil, an experiment was conducted in Fars agricultural and natural resource research and educational center as randomized complete blocks design with 4 repl MoreAbstractIn order to survey on the effect of urea fertilizer on yield and nitrate accumulation in edible parts of basil, an experiment was conducted in Fars agricultural and natural resource research and educational center as randomized complete blocks design with 4 replication in 2014. Experimental treatments contain: without nitrogen consumption (control, N0), consuming 50 (N50), 100 (N100), 150 (N150) and 200 (N200) kg N.ha-1 from urea fertilizer. The results showed that the effects of urea on nitrate accumulation in basil were significant. A highly significant difference between nitrate accumulation in the morning and in the evening harvesting time of basil leaf blade samples were observed, so that the amount of nitrate in the morning harvested samples were higher than the same sample in the evening. Application of 50 kg N.ha-1 (110 kg urea fertilizer) was showed the highest crop yield equal to 0.95 kg.ha-1 with lover nitrate accumulation as amount as 177.8 mg.kg-1 in dry weight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
921 - Estimated extinction coefficient, radiation use efficiency and dry matter production coefficients rapeseed plant (Hyola 401) in Khuzestan
حسین کمایی علیرضا ابدالی مشهدی جعفر پوررضا داود امیدی نسبIn order to estimate the extinction coefficient, radiation use efficiency and dry matter distribution coefficients of rapeseed plant (Hyola 401), at different planting dates and plant density a field experiment carried out in research station of Ramin Agricultural and N MoreIn order to estimate the extinction coefficient, radiation use efficiency and dry matter distribution coefficients of rapeseed plant (Hyola 401), at different planting dates and plant density a field experiment carried out in research station of Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design whit four replications in the 2011-2012. Treatments were three sowing dates (November 29 th, December 19 th and January 8 th) and four plant densities (50, 70, 90 and 110 plants per square meter). The extinction coefficient for canola in this trial was 0.39. Radiation use efficiency of canola growing on different dates obtained 0.92 g /MJ photosynthetically active radiation. the maximum dry matter production between treatment combinations showed significant differences (P<0/05), So that the highest and lowest dry matter were observed, in the first planting date and density of the fourth (1125/2 g.m2) and third planting date and density of the first (368 g.m2) respectively. Maximum crop growth rate in the linear phase of the treatment combination was significant (P<0/05). Maximum and minimum CGR were obtained in the first and fourth planting density (28/88 g.m-2.day-1) in the third planting date and density of the first (9/98 g.m-2.day-1) respectively. Also check the pod harvest index against day after flowering showed that increase HI Rapeseed plant is dependent to the longer duration of the linear phase in increase harvest index. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
922 - Investigating the Effects of Storage Time on Fats, Carbohydrates, Proteins, Taste, Color, and Texture Attributes of Roasted Pistachios by Two Fixed and Rotary Methods
Ahmad shakerardekani Mahin Rahdari -
Open Access Article
923 - Attaining Environmental Sustainability Through Cashew Nut Production in India: Revisiting the Role of Energy Consumption and Economic Growth
Noushad Cheriyambadan Muhammed Ashiq Villanthenkodath Hassan Shareef -
Open Access Article
924 - Impact of Storage Duration on Kernel Quality of Offspring of ‘Mamaei’ and ‘Marcona’ Almond Hybrids
Mahrokh Zahedi Mousa Rasouli Ali Imani Orang Khademi Sepideh Kalateh Jari -
Open Access Article
925 - Evaluation of fruits cultivar and different harvest times of Damghan pistachio to early split complications and contamination to the Aspergillus flavus fungus
F Amini H Afshari M Mohammadi Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
926 - The Effect of Flowering Time on Seed Dormancy Breaking of Almond
A. Torabi A. Imani -
Open Access Article
927 - Investigation of Aflatoxin Contamination in Indehiscence and Mechanical Splitting Pistachios
Farzaneh Ahmadi Ali Tajabadipour -
Open Access Article
928 - Seasonal Autoregressive Models for Estimating the Probability of Frost in Rafsanjan
A. Hosseini M.S. FallahNezhad Y. ZareMehrjardi R. Hosseini -
Open Access Article
929 - Genetic Mapping of Blooming Time in ‘Marcona’ × ‘Fragness’ Population with Using Molecular Markers
R. TavakoliBanizi A. Imani M. Zeinalabedini A. Ebrahimi S. Piri -
Open Access Article
930 - اثرات منابع کود نیتروژن، مقدار و زمان برعملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سیب زمینی
محمد رضا بهرامجردیبرای به دست آوردن مقادیر بهینه کود نیتروژن، منابع و زمانبندی برای سیبزمینی، آزمایشی در قالب طرحهای اسپلیت کرت فاکتوریل در قالب طرحهای بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در شهرستان جیرفت واقع در جنوب استان کرمان انجام شد. در این مطالعه، منابع N را برای کرت های اصلی و مق Moreبرای به دست آوردن مقادیر بهینه کود نیتروژن، منابع و زمانبندی برای سیبزمینی، آزمایشی در قالب طرحهای اسپلیت کرت فاکتوریل در قالب طرحهای بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در شهرستان جیرفت واقع در جنوب استان کرمان انجام شد. در این مطالعه، منابع N را برای کرت های اصلی و مقدار و زمان کود N را برای کرت های فرعی در نظر گرفتیم. در مورد زمان بندی و سطوح مصرف کود N، T1 مخفف کل مصرف کود N در طول کشت، T2 برای مصرف 1/2 نیتروژن در کشت و 1/2 باقیمانده همزمان با شروع گلدهی و T3 برای 1 است. 3/3 نیتروژن مصرف در هنگام کاشت، 1/3 مصرف نیتروژن همزمان با تپهریزی خاک و 1/3 همزمان با گلدهی. میزان N از سطوح R1: 150، R2: 200 و R3: 250 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. منابع در دو سطح S1 = اوره و S2 - سولفات آمونیوم در نظر گرفته شد. بر اساس نتایج ما، تیمارها از نظر عملکرد تفاوت معنی داری داشتند به طوری که بیشترین عملکرد را از مصرف تیمار R3 به میزان 72/26 تن در هکتار به دست آوردند که از نظر آماری تفاوت خاصی با تیمار R2 با میزان 86/23 تن در هکتار نداشت. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد از زمان T2 با میزان 30.83 تن در هکتار و از منبع S1 بیشترین عملکرد 27.38 تن در هکتار به دست آمد. با توجه به این نتایج، بیشترین عملکرد مربوط به تیمار R2S1T2 بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
931 - The Relationship Between JIT-Based Quality Management and Financial Performance in Car Company Listed on the Stock Exchange
aysan seyfi hossein Boudaghi Khajeh NobarNowadays, the quality management systems are important in the management of companies and organizations. Purpose of these systems is to increase profitability, survival of the organization and customer's satisfaction, along with steady decline of real costs. The impleme MoreNowadays, the quality management systems are important in the management of companies and organizations. Purpose of these systems is to increase profitability, survival of the organization and customer's satisfaction, along with steady decline of real costs. The implementation of these strategies can help organization to move from traditional form and led to dynamic and flexible structure. Thus many organizations cost a lot to achieve the benefits of establishment these systems. But in some cases, due to lack of correct understanding of the systems and particular conditions of the organization, implementation of these strategies leads to failure. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between JIT-based quality management and financial performance of organizations. To do so, car companies listed on the stock exchange during the years 1389-1385 selected and their financial information examined. The results indicated that between JIT-based quality management and return on equity, there is a significant relationship at the 99% confidence level while, there is no any significant relationship between JIT-based quality management and return on assets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
932 - Optimizing Waiting Time in Urban Public Transportation System Using Simulation Approach (Case Study: Isfahan Bus Company)
Tooba JabarootianPublic transportation system plays an important role in economic growth and urban development, including reducing transportation costs and increasing efficiency. To increase the share of public transportation systems in urban travel, measures need to be taken to improve MorePublic transportation system plays an important role in economic growth and urban development, including reducing transportation costs and increasing efficiency. To increase the share of public transportation systems in urban travel, measures need to be taken to improve their management and increase their efficiency. In this regard, the most important step in planning for this area is to revise or redefine the routes of the network lines. This process is known as a strategic step in managing long-term programs for the network. Given the growing trend of urbanization in large cities and the need for reliable and efficient public transportation, optimizing and improving the performance of public transportation networks is of great importance. Efficient planning and operation of transportation systems require accurate estimation of passenger waiting times. In this article, using a queuing system, simulation and optimization of urban public transportation system have been investigated with a case study of the Isfahan Bus Company in order to reduce waiting times at bus stops. In this study, first, the current performance of Isfahan's public transportation network was examined using simulation, and then by making changes to the network and various parameters, optimal solutions for reducing waiting times were proposed. The results of the simulation of Isfahan's bus transportation system show that significant improvements in the performance of the public transportation network can be achieved by making corrective changes to the structure and scheduling of the buses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
933 - The Effect of Auxin and Oat in Combination with Casing Soil on Growth and Biochemical Components of Agaricus blazei
FATEMEH KAVIANI MEHRDAD JAFARPOUR -
Open Access Article
934 - Quantification of Critical Temperature Thresholds and Thermal Time Required for Seedling Emergence of Spring Rapeseed
MANDANA MIRBAKHSH MEHDI HAYATI MOHAMMAD ROOZKHOSH -
Open Access Article
935 - Effect of different sowing methods and harvest times on the morphological characteristics and yield of forage sorghum (sorghum bicolor) CV. Speed-Feed in Iranshahr region.
احمد مهربان afsaneh kamali deljoo امید عزیزیان شرمهTo study the effects of different sowing methods and harvest times on the morphological characteristics and forage yield of forag sorghum (CV. Speed-Feed) an experiment was conducted at Agricultural and Natural resources research center of Balouchestan in 2013-2014. The MoreTo study the effects of different sowing methods and harvest times on the morphological characteristics and forage yield of forag sorghum (CV. Speed-Feed) an experiment was conducted at Agricultural and Natural resources research center of Balouchestan in 2013-2014. The experiment was conducted as strip plots in a randomized complete block design with3 replications. Three sowing methodsviz.Broadcasting, drill and furrow planting and three harvest times viz 50, 60 and 70 days aftersowing were considered as vertical and horizontal strips respectively.Morphological characteristics including plant, fresh and dry weight of stems and leaves ratio, N, P, K and protein percents were measured.Results showed that sowing method had significan effects on the plant, Fresh and dry weight, tiller number per plant and Fresh and dry weight, of leaves and stems, but it wasn’t affected leaf length, leaf width, leaf number per stem. Leaf to stem ratio, N, P, K and protein percent significantly. Maximum fresh and dry fodder yields with 108.3 and 27.23 ton/hec were observed in furrow and drill planting respectively. Harvest time had significant effect on the plant height, leaf length, Leaf width, leaf number per plant, fresh and dry biomasses, leaf to stem ratio, fresh and dry weight of stems and leaves, N and protein percents.planting respectively when harvest was done 70 days after sowing in both of mentioned sowing methods and these treatments can be recommended for increasing qualitative yield of forage sorghum cv. Speed-feed in Iranshahr region condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
936 - Effect of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) interference on growth period, chlorophyle content, leaf senescence and yield of marigold (Calendula officinalis)
B. Mirshekari In order to study effect of lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) interference on some traits of marigold (Calendula officinalis) and weed seed production index a factorial experiment was conducted during 2012 in Islamic Azad University, More In order to study effect of lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) interference on some traits of marigold (Calendula officinalis) and weed seed production index a factorial experiment was conducted during 2012 in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, based on randomized complete blocks design in 3 replications. Studied factors were weed densities of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 plants per meter row and its relative emergence times of simultaneously, 10, 20 and 30 days after crop. Results indicated that emergence of 4 weed plants per meter row had no significant effect on crop growth period. With increasing of weed density more than 4 plants per meter row leaf chlorophyle content index decreased fron 17.5 to 13.5 (17.5% reduction). Weed interference caused to earlier appearance of leaf senescence symptoms from 9 to 13 days. Effect of higher weed densities on plant height was more than lower densities. Lambsquarters had greater negative effect on marigold yield, and weed density was more effective than its emergence time. Harvest index in weedy plots reduced fron 32% to 25%. Essence yield in marigold decreased 14.4 mL m-2 per weed density. In weed plants emerged simultaneously, 10, 20 and 30 days after crop, 5.6%, 4.4%, 4.1% and 4% of above ground biomass allocated to seed, respectively. It is recommended for the weed controling in marigold field, when emerged atleast 2 plants per meter crop row simultaneously or 10 days after crop. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
937 - The effect of priming and its period on germination and seedling growth of forage sorghum (speedfeed)
M. Ramezani R. Rezaei sokht-Abandani In order to study the effects on germination properties of forage sorghum (speedfeed) priming an experiment was performed in factorial shape and in the mould of totally accidental design in 3 replications in Qaemshahr azad university in 20 More In order to study the effects on germination properties of forage sorghum (speedfeed) priming an experiment was performed in factorial shape and in the mould of totally accidental design in 3 replications in Qaemshahr azad university in 2010. The treatments had PEG of 5 and 10 percent density, KNO3 of 1 and 2 percent density, KCL of 2 and 4 percent density and in the period of 4, 8 and 16 hours.The results showed that the most caulicle length was gained under 16 hours treatment and priming of 4 percent density. But the most caulicle KCL and seedling length was gained under time treatments and KCL priming of 4 percent density during 16 hours.The most length ratio of ridicule and caulicle CRLS was also gained by PEG priming of 10 percent density during four hours. About the most wet weight ratio R/S, and the dry weight ratio R/S, they were seen by KNO3 and PEG of 1 and 5 percent density in the period of 4 and 16 hours. The most germination rate was also gained by PEG of 10 percent density and during 8 hours. The most and the least normal bud was gained by KNO3 and KCL priming of 1 and 4 percent density in common duration of 4 hours, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
938 - Effect of time management in rapeseed planting on yield based on expert point of view of Qazvin Agricultural Jahad Organization
Iraj Hoseini Mehdi Mirdamadi Shaghayegh Kheiri Saied Seifzade This study was done as survey type and data were collected by questionnaire. Validity of present study was checked by Chronobach’s Alpha method with 0.86 coefficient which was indicated its constancy. Statistical population wer More This study was done as survey type and data were collected by questionnaire. Validity of present study was checked by Chronobach’s Alpha method with 0.86 coefficient which was indicated its constancy. Statistical population were consist of 72 experts of agronomy department of Qazvin Agricultural Jahad Organization. SPSS software was employed to analysis collected data. Results indicated that there was not a significant relationship between time management about rapeseed yield and age, experience, employment condition, educational level of experts. There was a significant relationship between time management about rapeseed yield and training and promotion factors, economic and technical aspects, land preparation, planting and harvesting dates. T-test, also, indicated that there was a significant difference between time management and the variable of expert’s educational courses. Multiple regression analysis showed that the four variables of planting, harvesting, land preparation and breeding operation predicted 42% of rapeseed yield efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
939 - The Effect of Different Dormancy-Breaking Treatments of Two Fenel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) ecotypes
A. SoleymaniIn order to evaluate the effects of differents treatments on seed, dormancy breaking treatments on fennel, germination stimulating and seeding growth on two fennel varieties ( Shiraz and Bushehr). In one experiment was conducted as spilet factorial in compeletly r MoreIn order to evaluate the effects of differents treatments on seed, dormancy breaking treatments on fennel, germination stimulating and seeding growth on two fennel varieties ( Shiraz and Bushehr). In one experiment was conducted as spilet factorial in compeletly randomized design with four replications in seed technology research laboratory of Islamic Azad University (Isfahan Branch) in 2014. In the experiment cold stratification levels were main plots and factorial of vareties and dormancy breaking treatments were subplots. Cold strification treatments include moist chilling for 0, 15, 30, and 45 days. Fennel varietieswere Shiraz and Bushehr. Dormancy breaking treatments included the following: 10 µm 6-benzylaminopurine (BA); 10 FM kinetin (KI); 6-benzylaminopurine +gibberellic acid, gibberellic acid + kinetin , kinetin+6-benzylaminopurine; gibberellic acid + 6-benzylaminopurine + kinetin ( with the same concentrations), distilled water ; 0/4 percent Aminol- Forte fertilizer. Chilling significantly increased , germination percentage (GP), coleoptile length (CL), radical l ength (RL), germination rate (GR), and seed - vigor index (SVI) (P>0.05). The highest values of these traits were treated for 15 days stratification. The effect of dormancy breaking treatments on all traits except germination uniformity and germination rate was significant at (P> 0.01) Treatments with BA, KI, Amino l - Forte, and distilled water significantly increased all the Characteristic parameters of fennel germination compared with those of other treatments. The Shiraz variety had significantly greate, GP, CL, RL, and SVI than those of the Busheh Variety (P>0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
940 - The impact of different methods of planting and cutting the quantity and quality of forage sorghum time in the city of Iranshahr
A. Mehraban A. Kamali Deljoo O. Azizian ShermehIn order to evaluate the most appropriate method of planting and harvest times of forage sorghum Speedfeed, Strip plot in the form of randomized complete block design experiment with three replications in 1394-1393 at the ResearchCenter for Agriculture and Natural Resou MoreIn order to evaluate the most appropriate method of planting and harvest times of forage sorghum Speedfeed, Strip plot in the form of randomized complete block design experiment with three replications in 1394-1393 at the ResearchCenter for Agriculture and Natural Resources Balochistan is located in the city of Iranshahr. Two different methods of planting furrow cultivation, napa, row, and different harvesting times Different harvesting times of 50, 60 and 70 days after planting, respectively, in the main plots and sub-groups. Traits such as growth habit, leaf and shoot dry weight, nitrogen, and protein content was measured Fsfrvptasym. The results showed that the effect of different planting methods on fresh and dry weight, shoot dry weight was statistically significant, but no significant difference in the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and protein was observed. Harvest time is also significantly more weight and leaves, fresh weight and dry, nitrogen and protein impressed. According to test results, treatment, planting furrow, row, and 70 days after planting harvest time to increase the quality and quantity of forage sorghum recommended Speedfeed Iranshahr conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
941 - Effect of time and values of methanol foliation on growth and yield of Coker 347 type tobacco
Kaveh Sabokroo mohmad taghi Safarzade mehdi Ranjbar Choobe jahanfar Daneshian Kamyar Sabokroo To investigating the effect ofmethanol on growth and yield of Coker 347 type tobacco afactorial design basedon RCBD with 4 replications and 18 traits was don during 2008-2009. Factors wereconsidered as the methanol consumption time in as first factor More To investigating the effect ofmethanol on growth and yield of Coker 347 type tobacco afactorial design basedon RCBD with 4 replications and 18 traits was don during 2008-2009. Factors wereconsidered as the methanol consumption time in as first factor which was consistof three solution spreading surface in the morning (Time 8-10 am) (T1) and noon(Time 12-14) (T2) and sunset (Time 17-19pm) (T3) and the second factor was theamount of methanol consumption as 0, 30, 20, 10, 40, 50 volume percent ofmethanol. Solution spreading of methanol during the growing seaso nrespectively performed at the beginning terms of quick transplants growth,blossom origination and 30 days before illustrating of tobacco plants. Tobaccoproduct harvested in three sorts. Results showed that the LA, chlorophyll andthe plant height became significant at the interaction effect of the twofactors (p<1%) but the number of leaf in interaction effect becamesignificant at p<5%. Sugar and Nicotine became significant at the factor B (p<5%)but leaf dry weight becomes no significant. Therefore, regarding to theseresults methanol enhances the quality and quantity of tobacco plant Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
942 - Effect of harvesting time on yield and grain shattering of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L. cv. Okapi) in Arak conditions
H. Madani G. Naderi Broujerdi H. Aghajani M. Changizi A. PazokiGrain shattering of rapeseed in very sensitive by harvesting time. It increase dramatically by late harvest and early harvest couses to decreas index and yield performance. The goals of the present study were to identify the effect of harvesting date and time in day and MoreGrain shattering of rapeseed in very sensitive by harvesting time. It increase dramatically by late harvest and early harvest couses to decreas index and yield performance. The goals of the present study were to identify the effect of harvesting date and time in day and night on rapeseed (cv. Okapi) yield, harvest index, some plant character, grain shattering rate and its percentage. The field experiment was conducted as split block design in complete randomized block with three replications in 2006-2007 at the Research Farms of Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran. The harvesting date treatments consisted of three dates (10th and 26th of June, and 11th of July) and harvesting was taken four times per day and night (6.00am and 12.00pm, 6.00pm and 11.00pm). The results indicate that the grain harvested on 26th June was the most accurate date for rapeseed harvest time in Arak farm’s condition. Harvesting on 26th of June and at 6.00pm was the best term for beginning of harvesting. In this term the grain yield was the highest level up to 3600 kg/ha and the grain shattering percentage was the lowest one, by 14.0%. Any delay in harvesting from 26th June could result in the decrease of the yield and increase of the total grain loss. Harvesting at 11th of July was the critical date for the grain yield loss for two different reasons, first for increase of the shattering from 3.5% to 6.3% before harvesting and the second for grain shattering during the harvesting process in range from 14.8% to 16.3%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
943 - Effect of planting time, irrigation method and plant pattern on yield and yield components of potato Varieties in Jiroft, Iran
Abdol reza Najafi Moosavi To find the most suitable planting time, irrigationmethod, plant pattern and their effect on tuber yield of potato varieties,strip split plot experiment was done in a complete randomized block design withthree replicates in Jiroft, Iran in2008-2 More To find the most suitable planting time, irrigationmethod, plant pattern and their effect on tuber yield of potato varieties,strip split plot experiment was done in a complete randomized block design withthree replicates in Jiroft, Iran in2008-2009 planting season. Treatments were irrigation method at vertical factorin two level sprinkle and dripping irrigation, planting time an main: horizonin two levels night and day irrigation plant pattern an lateral horizon factorin three level planting row intervals 75cm and plant interval 20cm,planting row intervals 70cm and planting interval 21.5cmandplanting row intervals 65cm and plant interval 23cmand finally potato varieties were lateral factor in two levels, Vergo andSante. Results showed that irrigation method had significant effect on tuberyield and water was efficiency at 0.01 and on tuber number and tuber meanweight at 0.05 also on plant pattern had significant effect. Tuber yield,biomass weight and water use efficiency at 0.01 Variety effect on all elementswas significant at 0.01. Treatment of drip irrigation method had the most tuberyield with 50014 Kg/h which it was more than sprinkle irrigation method with22037 Kg/h. Day irrigationhad more yield in comparison with highirrigation. The treatment of sante variety with trickle and day irrigation andplant pattern of 65×23cm, had the most yield with 5547 kg/h and itis recommended for this region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
944 - The Ameliorating Effect of Poultry Manure and Its Biochar on Petroleum-Contaminated Soil Remediation at Two Times of Cultivation
Maryam Barati Sedigheh Safarzadeh Dariush Mowla Fereshteh Bakhtiari Amirhossein Najafian Fateh Tavakoli -
Open Access Article
945 - The Amount and Timing of Foliar Urea Application Effect on Maize and Forage Sorghum Proteins
H. Kheirabadi S. Shahsavani M. Basafa S. Gharanjik -
Open Access Article
946 - Removal of Pharmaceutical Pollutions of Aspirin and Atrazine from Waste Water Using Carbo Nanotubes
Farzaneh Rezaei Ranjbar Farhad Khamchin Moghadam -
Open Access Article
947 - Sources and Cancer Risk Exposure of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from Industrial Areas in Southeastern, Nigeria
Uchechi Onyedikachi Chuka Belonwu Mattew Wegwu Emmanuel Ejiofor Mattew Awah -
Open Access Article
948 - Dynamic multi-scale expected shortfall in Tehran Stock Exchange: a spectral decomposition of tail risk across time horizons
Seyed Ali Mousavi Sarhadi Hosein Izadi Mojgan Safa Mohammadreza PourfakharanPurpose: The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the tail risk in the Tehran Stock Exchange using dynamic methods and time series spectral analysis in the form of the dynamic multi-scale Expected Shortfall (DMS-ES).Methodology: In this study, the daily d MorePurpose: The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the tail risk in the Tehran Stock Exchange using dynamic methods and time series spectral analysis in the form of the dynamic multi-scale Expected Shortfall (DMS-ES).Methodology: In this study, the daily data of Tehran Stock Exchange total index in the period 2011/03/26 - 2022/03/19 were used then extracting the short-term, medium-term and long-term information components of the index return time series, four predictive models of expected fallout (ES) were estimated using Taylor (2017) approach at different time horizons.Findings: The results of estimating the models and back tests show that the expected shortfall (ES) is short-term in nature and the dynamic model using short-term components in the one-day time horizon has the highest efficiency among the introduced models. In addition, the results of comparing the models based on the average loss test show that the use of spectral analysis components increases the efficiency of dynamic predictions of the expected shortfall (ES) at different time horizons.Originality / Value: Finally, according to the results of this study, it is suggested to use dynamic models and signal decomposition analysis algorithms to increase the efficiency of risk criteria predictions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
949 - A Review of Research on Financial Time Series Clustering: A Bibliometrics Approach
Marziyeh Nourahmadi Fatemeh Rasti Hojjatollah SadeqiThe amount of information and data we retrieve and use is growing rapidly. Data mining is the process of extracting relevant data from large volumes of data and the method of discovering and finding the appropriate pattern from large volumes of data sets. Clustering is MoreThe amount of information and data we retrieve and use is growing rapidly. Data mining is the process of extracting relevant data from large volumes of data and the method of discovering and finding the appropriate pattern from large volumes of data sets. Clustering is one of the most common methods of statistical data analysis, and also one of the best data mining approaches. This approach, as a method of unsupervised learning, uses algorithms to classify time series data according to different criteria. The purpose of this study is to investigate the types of applications of clustering and networking in various financial fields, including risk, algorithmic trading, banking and other widely used topics in this field. In this research, using the bibliometrix package in the software, all the researches on clustering is reviewed. While extracting various criteria and clustering approaches, its applications have been studied. This study with a comprehensive review of all research in this field can help researchers as a toolbox to provide a variety of clustering methods in ideation and selection of appropriate methods in classifying and analyzing financial data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
950 - The effect of temperature and time of calcination on synthesis of YAG nano-crystalline by normal co-precipitation method
امید میرزایی mahsa rahmani mohammad tajallyNano-crystalline Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG, Y3Al5O12) were synthesized by normal co-precipitation method using yttria and aluminum nitrates as the starting materials and ammonium hydrogen carbonate (AHC, NH4HCO3) as precipitant. To investigate the effect of temperatu MoreNano-crystalline Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG, Y3Al5O12) were synthesized by normal co-precipitation method using yttria and aluminum nitrates as the starting materials and ammonium hydrogen carbonate (AHC, NH4HCO3) as precipitant. To investigate the effect of temperature and holding time the resultant precursors were calcined at 900-1100 °C for 2 h also at 1100 °C for other durations (15, 30, 45 and 60 min). The evolution of phase composition and micro-structure of the as-synthesized YAG powders were characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermal analyses (TG/DTA), Specific surface area analyses (BET) and field emission electron microscopy (FESEM). The cubic YAG phase with an average grain size of 33 nm and specific surface area of 30 m2/g was completely formed at 1000 °C. In addition, pure YAG nano powders were obtained at 1100 °C in only 15 min calcination. Results showed that compared with increasing holding time, raising of temperature have more intense effect in increasing YAG crystal or particle size. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
951 - Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Clinical Samples Using Real Time PCR Techniques
محیا Mousavi هادی AmrollahiTuberculosis is an infectious disease is created by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It can be resistant to antimicrobials drugs that used to treat the disease. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) means resistant to the drugs isoniazid and rifampin. The purpose of this MoreTuberculosis is an infectious disease is created by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It can be resistant to antimicrobials drugs that used to treat the disease. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) means resistant to the drugs isoniazid and rifampin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence or absence of any contaminant patients through IS6110 fragment in the sample and also the presence or absence of resistance to the antibiotics rifampin and isoniazid in the sample with Real Time PCR technique. Sputum samples were collected from patients with tuberculosis were cultured in medium L-J And extracted genomic DNA using CTAB technique was performed to determine the resistance or non-resistance samples were analyzed by Real Time PCR. Samples using conventional PCR technique using specific primers for the detection of IS6110 examined whether being tubersulosis or non-tuberculosis. Study of 21 Clinical cases, demonstrate that 17 cases was Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and 4 were non Tuberculosis. All samples were also sensitive to the antibioticUsing Real Time PCR diagnostic techniques are useful for the study of antibiotic resistance genes in the shortest possible time (less than a day) and high specificity and accuracy at the time of diagnosis can be done. Fortunately in this study all samples were sensitive to all antibiotics rifampin and isoniazid the probable cause of this result can because of successfully controlled disease by medical centers through successive examinations of patients and the low statistics of immigrants in the province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
952 - Effect of Cyclophosphamide on ODF1 and ZPBP Gene Expression in Testicular Tissue of Male Wistar Rats
Sadegh Bazvand Tahereh Naji Abdolreza MohammadniaCyclophosphoma iodine is a DNA-inducing drug with anti-neoplastic properties. One of its most important side effects is changing the function of the reproductive system in males, which may lead to infertility. The ODF gene significantly reduced in infertile men. In spit MoreCyclophosphoma iodine is a DNA-inducing drug with anti-neoplastic properties. One of its most important side effects is changing the function of the reproductive system in males, which may lead to infertility. The ODF gene significantly reduced in infertile men. In spite of the effect of this drug on testicular tissue, there was no work on the expression of ODF1 and ZPBP genes in testicular tissue; this was done for the first time. In this study, 20 adult male Wistar rats weighing 220±30 g were selected and all were fed by standard pellet diet in the group receiving cyclophosphamide: receiving standard pellet with water and cyclophosphamide at a dose of 40 mg/kg. The groups were treated intraperitoneally for 30 days. The expression of ODF1 and ZPBP genes was investigated by Real Time method. The results showed that the expression level of ODF1 and ZPBP genes was significantly different between the control and treatment groups, and according to the calculations performed by the software the statistical data (P≤0.05), SPSS, and one-way ANOVA test, it was concluded that ZPBP and ODF1 gene expression decreased 7.26 and 7.5 times in the group exposed to cyclophosphamide compared to the control group, respectively. Moreover, comparing the number of sperm in the control and treatment groups showed that the number of sperms in the treatment group decreased compared to the control group. Reduced number of sperm may affect the fertility rate of male Wistar rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
953 - Evaluation of SCAMP5 Gene Expression and Its Target miR in the Tissue of Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme
Nasrin Karimi Hamidreza Kheiri Manjilli Vajiheh Zarrinpour Mohammad mahdi ForghanifardGlioblastoma multiforme is one of the most malignant and common brain tumors, and after current combination therapy, patient survival is relatively poor and the disease is always fatal. This study was aimed at investigating the expression of SCAMP5 as a possible biomark MoreGlioblastoma multiforme is one of the most malignant and common brain tumors, and after current combination therapy, patient survival is relatively poor and the disease is always fatal. This study was aimed at investigating the expression of SCAMP5 as a possible biomarker in GBM and evaluating the target miR of this gene. 50 tissue samples with GBM form before treatment and 50 healthy tissue samples from the GBM tumor margin were collected as a control. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed for all samples. Subsequently, a specific primer was designed and the expression of SCAMP5 gene was examined using Real-time PCR. ACTB gene was used as the internal control. Statistical analysis was carried out using Graphpad Prism software version 8. Roc curve was used to evaluate the biomarker value of SCAMP5 gene. Decreased expression of SCAMP5 gene was observed in GBM samples and its expression was compared with the pathological characteristics of patients. Expression of SCAMP5 gene with patients’ age with P-value ˂0.05 was statistically significant. However, the expression of this gene with patients’ gender with P-value ˃ 0.05 was not statistically significant. SCAMP5 was expressed in tumor tissue of patients with GBM much lower than healthy tissue around the tumor. The results revealed that SCAMP5 expression decreased in patients older than 50 years. ROC curve showed that the SCAMP5 gene could have a biomarker value. According to this study, it may be possible to use the expression of this gene as a marker as an early diagnostic method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
954 - Evaluation of LncRNA SNHG15 Expression Changes in the Tissues of Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients Using Real-Time PCR
Sahar Shakeri yekta Elham Moslemi Soyar Sari Fatemeh Roholla Hamidreza KheiriGlioblastoma is an aggressive malignant tumor of the brain and spinal cord. Several lines of evidence indicate an important oncogenic role of highly non-coding RNA (lncRNA) molecules in a variety of cancers including glioma, however, the tumorigenic function of lens in MoreGlioblastoma is an aggressive malignant tumor of the brain and spinal cord. Several lines of evidence indicate an important oncogenic role of highly non-coding RNA (lncRNA) molecules in a variety of cancers including glioma, however, the tumorigenic function of lens in glioma remains largely unclear. Increasing evidence has shown that lncRNAs, including LncRNA SNHG15, play an important role in the pathophysiology of human diseases, especially in the pathogenesis and progression of cancers. In this study, 25 paraffin tissue blocks of patients with glioblastoma multiforme and tumor margin tissue were collected and RNA extracted. Synthesis of cDNA and analysis of SNHG15 expression was done by Real-Time PCR technique. ROC curve was drawn to check the biomarker value and statistical analysis was done by GraphPad Prism v.8.0.1. An increase in the expression of SNHG15 was recorded in the tissue samples of patients compared to the tissue of the tumor margin (p < 0.0001). There was a significant relationship in the expression of this gene in patients aged more than 50 years and less than 50 years (p = 0.6573), Frontal, Temporal, Parietal, Occipital, and Other locations (P value = 0.9802), survival in more than 12 months and less than 12 months (p = 0.5007) was not observed, only in male and female sex (p = 0.0001) was registered. The expression of LncRNA SNHG15 was recorded in the tumor tissue of patients with glioblastoma multiforme more than in the peripheral tumor tissue. By examining the ROC curve, it is possible that LncRNA SNHG15 can be proposed as a biomarker, but it needs more studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
955 - Studying the Speed of Narratives in the Book "The Leg which Had been Left Behind"
Mahboobeh BesmelThe leg which had been left behind is a book which is in the category of the Holy Defense which was written by Nasser Hosseinipour. In this work, Hosseini pour presents his captive memories by daily diaries. The aim of this research is to study the above-mentioned book MoreThe leg which had been left behind is a book which is in the category of the Holy Defense which was written by Nasser Hosseinipour. In this work, Hosseini pour presents his captive memories by daily diaries. The aim of this research is to study the above-mentioned book and the speed of the narratives based on Janet's theory .The main question of the research is : which group of increasing and decreasing of speed has much function in " The leg which had been left behind? "The results of the research show that the decreasing factors such as description, show, episode, reporting speech … Had of remarkable frequency in that book. Based on this idea one can say that in all the chapters, almost, a negative speed dominates. However, this characteristic not only doesn't make the reader bored but the writer , by this method, illustrates attractive and impressive scenes in the perspective of the reader. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
956 - تحلیل انتقال حرارت وابسته به زمان میکرولوله محتوی نانوسیال تحت شار حرارتی متغیر با زمان
محمد حسینی میثم خالویی عباس زندی باغچه مریمدر این مقاله تحلیل عددی جریان و انتقال حرارت وابسته به زمان میکرولوله محتوی نانوسیال در جریان آرام بررسی شده است. در این بررسی، انتقال حرارت جابهجایی نانوسیال و سیال پایه و تحلیل گذرا برای شار حرارتی متغیر با زمان، بهازای گام زمانی 4-10 ثانیه بررسی شده است. مشاهده شد Moreدر این مقاله تحلیل عددی جریان و انتقال حرارت وابسته به زمان میکرولوله محتوی نانوسیال در جریان آرام بررسی شده است. در این بررسی، انتقال حرارت جابهجایی نانوسیال و سیال پایه و تحلیل گذرا برای شار حرارتی متغیر با زمان، بهازای گام زمانی 4-10 ثانیه بررسی شده است. مشاهده شد که با افزایش کسر حجمی نانوذره، قدرت پمپاژ نانوسیال و دمای حداکثر دیواره میکرولوله بهترتیب افزایش و کاهش پیدا میکند. حداکثر دما سیال پایه (آب) 6/305 کلوین و برای نانوذره اکسید آلومینیوم AF با کسر حجمی سه درصد، دمای حداکثر 2/304 کلوین میباشد. علاوهبراین نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از نانوسیال با وجود شار حرارتی پریودیک دارای مزیت انتقال حرارتی است. از سویی دیگر نتایج نشان میدهد که پارامترهای ذکر شده، تأثیر قابل توجهی در انتقال حرارت سیستم دارند. همچنین مشاهده گردید که با افزایش عدد رینولدز دمای حداکثر دیواره میکرولوله کاهش پیدا میکند. بهعنوان مثال، برای عدد رینولدز 180، 360 و 720 دمای حداکثر به-ترتیب در 307.8 کلوین،304 کلوین و 302.8 کلوین رخ میدهد. علاوه براین افزایش کسر حجمی نانوذره موجب کاهش در تغییرات دما میشود. همچنین نتایج حاصل از مدل-سازی عددی با نتایج روابط تئوریک موجود که در تطابق خوبی با نتایج تجربی بودهاند، مقایسه شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
957 - Dynamic analysis of guyed towers using direct time integration method by Newmark-β model
Kaveh Kumarci AliReza Baharizadeh -
Open Access Article
958 - ارائه یک مدل جدید پیش بینی عمر خستگی کم چرخه آلیاژ منیزیم براساس روش انرژی کرنش پلاستیک تصحیح شده
محمد آزادی غلامحسین فرهیامروزه تکنولوژی به سمت استفاده از موادی همچون آلیاژهای منیزیم، با نسبت استحکام به وزن بالا در قطعات موتوری، تمایل دارد. بطور معمول، از انواع چدن و آلیاژهای آلومینیوم در ساخت سرسیلندر و بلوک سیلندر موتورها استفاده می­شود. اما آلیاژهای منیزیم، خواص فیزیکی و مکانیکی نز Moreامروزه تکنولوژی به سمت استفاده از موادی همچون آلیاژهای منیزیم، با نسبت استحکام به وزن بالا در قطعات موتوری، تمایل دارد. بطور معمول، از انواع چدن و آلیاژهای آلومینیوم در ساخت سرسیلندر و بلوک سیلندر موتورها استفاده می­شود. اما آلیاژهای منیزیم، خواص فیزیکی و مکانیکی نزدیکی به آلیاژهای آلومینیوم داشته و تا حدود 40 درصد وزن را کاهش می­دهند. در این مقاله، یک مدل جدید پیش­بینی عمر خستگی کمچرخه برای آلیاژ منیزیم، بر اساس روش انرژی ارائه شده و به جهت تدوین آن، از نتایج آزمون خستگی کمچرخه روی نمونه­های منیزیمی استفاده شده است. این مدل در مقایسه با دیگر تئوریهای موجود، از پارامترهای مادی کمتری برخوردار است و دارای دقت مناسب­تری می­باشد؛ چراکه در روش انرژی، از رابطه عمر- کار پلاستیک که معادل با ضرب همزمان عددهای تنش و کرنش پلاستیک می­باشد، استفاده می­شود. با توجه به خواص نرم شوندگی آلیاژهای منیزیم و آلومینیوم, انرژی کرنش پلاستیک می­تواند انتخاب مناسبی باشد؛ چراکه در چرخه بارگذاری خستگی، عدد حاصل ضرب تنش در کرنش پلاستیک می­تواند ثابت بماند. همچنین، اثر تنش میانگین بصورت یک ضریب تصحیح در مدل پیش­بینی عمر خستگی کمچرخه اعمال شده است. نتایج حاصل از مدل ارائه شده، تطابق خوبی را با نتایج آزمون نشان می­دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
959 - Explanation the implementation barriers of JiT system using ISM approach and path analysis (Case Study: Gas Industry)
mehdi ajali ezatolah asgharizadeh Just in Time (JiT) is a manufacturing/service system by initial goal of continues decreasing and finally the deleting of all of waste forms. Now, world class organizations are completely conformable about acceptation and implementation JiT manufacturing/ser More Just in Time (JiT) is a manufacturing/service system by initial goal of continues decreasing and finally the deleting of all of waste forms. Now, world class organizations are completely conformable about acceptation and implementation JiT manufacturing/service for improving of productivity and competition with competitors. Without doubt, JiT as the most strong of inventory management methodology is facing with barriers and problems. One of basic tasks of top management is identification and perception of relationship between the JiT barriers through decreasing of bad effects. Original goals of this paper are the studying of falconer barriers in successful implementation of JiT manufacturing/service in gas industry of Iran, and analyzing of reciprocal influences between barriers using interpretive structural modeling (ISM). For this purpose, the 12 barriers were identified by literature review and interview with experts. Then by distribution and gathering of 170 questioners and using statistical tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov and mean), the main hypothesis of this research and 12 secondary hypotheses are confirmed. Also for answering to research main question (How is the relationship and sequence between barriers?), ISM approach is used, and the barriers placed in 7 Levels. Finally, the obtained structural model is confirmed using path analysis method (second order of the confirmatory factor analysis). To this order, a conceptual plan is proposed for presenting of practical program for competition by implementation barriers of JiT manufacturing/service system and improving of productivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
960 - Implementation of Marketing Strategies Based on Customer Lifetime and Referral Value (Case Study:broadband Internet Service Industry)
mohamad haghighi babak hazave hesar maskan mehdi ashkani amirhosein abasiNowadays, due to the sharp increase in competition and expansion of competitive markets, customer lifetime value has become one of the main topics in customer relationship management. The models which have been used so far for the estimation of customer lifetime value a MoreNowadays, due to the sharp increase in competition and expansion of competitive markets, customer lifetime value has become one of the main topics in customer relationship management. The models which have been used so far for the estimation of customer lifetime value and segmentation of customers do not include all aspects of customer value. The main purpose of this study is to assess the impact of customer’s value on other customers through estimation of customer referral value and then provide appropriate marketing strategies for each segment of customers based on their value in the broadband internet access services industry. Using the data obtained from a firm operating in the industry, it will be shown that the customers who have the largest transactions (i.e. those who have the highest lifetime value) are not necessarily the best marketers. The statistical population of this study included all customers of a telecommunication firm in Tehran and all members of the population were selected as the sample. The required data were obtained from reports of the customer database of the studied firm using MySQL, PHPMyAdmin, and Tableau. All data were statistically analyzed in IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Using the results of this study, it will be shown that a better understanding of customer value allows firms to target their marketing campaigns more properly and gain higher profits from their marketing investments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
961 - Investigation the role of Win-Win Strategy of Conflict Management and Mental intelligence in the Perception of Employees from Organizational Justice, Studied Sample:Employees of Bushehr Port and Maritime Organization
mani arman esmail ahmadi zohreh khosravilaghabAmong the issues that are largely in response to the turbulent and complex environments which considered in organizations, are: spirituality, conflict resolution and justice. Process of increasing trust in employees is depending on the positive prospect of the justice w MoreAmong the issues that are largely in response to the turbulent and complex environments which considered in organizations, are: spirituality, conflict resolution and justice. Process of increasing trust in employees is depending on the positive prospect of the justice which should consider judgment and conflict resolution, and mental intelligence is an issue which forms with an attention to cultural condition of our country, following organizational justice and judgment of conflicts. According to the importance of the subject, purpose of this paper is to study the role of Win-Win strategy of conflict management and mental intelligence in the perception of employees from organizational justice in Bushehr port and maritime organization. After a survey of prior studies and making conceptual model, the questionnaire distributed among employees then data from 226 questionnaire collected and analyzed. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and Structural equation modeling method. Research results confirm the prepared conceptual model and indicate that studied hypothesis and sub-criteria of them means mental intelligence and Win-Win strategy of conflict management have a significant effect on organizational justice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
962 - Investigating the place of international law in the protection of the marine environment against Transportation of hazardous chemicals
Hooman Fathi Seyed Bagher Mirabbasi Mansoor Pournoori -
Open Access Article
963 - Effects of seaweed extract Sargassumboveanum on physiological characteristics of Menthapiperita
hanieh Hedayatifard mansoureh KhalatbariThis research was accomplished in 2016 at greenhouse for study of different concentration effects of seaweed (Sargassum) extract on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Menthapiperita. Present research was done in a factorial design with a completely randomiz MoreThis research was accomplished in 2016 at greenhouse for study of different concentration effects of seaweed (Sargassum) extract on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Menthapiperita. Present research was done in a factorial design with a completely randomized four replications. The main factor was different concentrations of seaweed extract with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 percent, while the subplot was different spray time in two period types of every 5 and 10 days. The results showed that the concentration of chlorophyll a in peppermint increased with decreasing the time of foliar application and was not significant at different concentrations of algal extract in 30 and 40% treatments on the studied traits. The effect of different concentrations of sargassum algae extract on plant minerals including nitrogen was positive at a concentration of 20% in 10 days of treatment. Therefore, in order to increase the protein and essential oil of peppermint, the concentrations of sargassum extract in this study can be used. In general, it can be concluded that the use of algae extract in the production of peppermint was not considered appropriate due to reduced growth rate and no positive effect on plant essential oil, and from concentrations of 20% or more as a herbicide can be Used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
964 - Effect of weed competition on yield, yield components maize cultivar Early 704 (the second culture) in Lorestan Kuhdasht
Amin Adinehvand Masoud Rafeiee Manouchehr Sayah farIn order to effect of weeds relative time of emergence on single cross 704 Corn (Zea mays) yield was studied in different density levels of the mentioned weed. The experimental design was split plot based on Randomized Completed Block Design (RCBD) with three replicatio MoreIn order to effect of weeds relative time of emergence on single cross 704 Corn (Zea mays) yield was studied in different density levels of the mentioned weed. The experimental design was split plot based on Randomized Completed Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in 2012 was carried out in Koohdasht, Lurestan. The emergence time was considered in 3 levels of E1, E2 and E3 (emergence of the weed 14 days earlier, 7 days earlier and simultaneously with corn, respectively) as main plots and density of weed in 6 levels of D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 plants per m2, respectively)as subplots. The height, laef area index (LAI) of corn decreased with earlier emergence time and increasing the density of the Weeds. Also, earlier emergence time of weeds at high densities lead to the reduction in yield component (ear length, diameter and weight, number of seed row in ear, number of seed in row and thousand seed weight). The results showed that a decreasing in grain and biological yield of Corn, as the emergence time of Corn delayed in comparison with the emergence time of weeds. The maximum reduction in grain and biological yield of Corn was observed in 14 days earlier emergence of weeds compared to Corn in high density of this weed (20 plants per m2) with 100 and 99 percent respectively, as Corn plants were put in canopies of weeds plants. Totally, based on the results of this research it can be stated that as the number of the earlier emergence days of weeds compared to the Corn increase, the competitive potential of the Corn reduces and an intense decrease is being observed in its yield. Though, the increase in density of the weed resulted in grain and biological yield reduction, there was no difference between the process of reduction in high densities of weed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
965 - nfluence of seed priming with stimulants and water soaking on germination behavior of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)
Ali Asghar Absalan Ali Ghanbari Mahdi Rastgoo Shahram norouz zadehTwo separate tests were conducted in laboratory, to evaluate the germination behavior of sugar beet under effects of priming treatments. The first experiment examined the effect of time (3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours) and concentration (25, 50, 100, 200 and 400%) of two typ MoreTwo separate tests were conducted in laboratory, to evaluate the germination behavior of sugar beet under effects of priming treatments. The first experiment examined the effect of time (3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours) and concentration (25, 50, 100, 200 and 400%) of two types of stimulants (Seed-start and Humic acid). The second experiment is consisted of seed priming times (3, 6, 12, 24 and 48) of two methods of hydration in water (running water and soaking in a Petri dish). The results showed that both tests have a significant effect on germination of sugar beet. The lowest time (3 hours) and the lowest concentration (25%) of priming of the Seed-starter and the Humic acid are desirable to improve sugar beet seed germination. The method of running water (48%) had better effect compared to soaking in a Petri dish (45%). Generally, methods of running water, soaking in a Petri dish, seed-start and Humic acid improve germination 76, 36, 79 and 64% compared to control, respectively. The impact of method and time of priming on germination rate showed the same trend like percentage of germination. Impact of stimulants can be because of nutrition element and influence of leaching with running water can be because of washing the inhibitive material on the seed coat. Seed-start treatment (Concentration of 25% with 3 hours) and leaching with running water (48 hours) can be introduced as the best treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
966 - Evaluating project’s completion time with Q-learning
Mohammad Abdolshah -
Open Access Article
967 - Explanation of Factors Affecting the Promotion of Management Information Systems in the Research and Development Centers of the Nation’s Banks
Reza Radfar Hamid Saeedi Fariba Salahi -
Open Access Article
968 - Developing a Model for the Role of Exercise in Leisure Time to Reduce Social Harms, Grounded Theory
Safdar Pornasrolah shahab bahrami hossein aydi Developing a model for the role of exercise in leisure time to reduce social harmful issues. This research was carried out using semi-structured interviews using the qualitative method (Grounded Theory approach). The sample consisted of 13 sports management lectur More Developing a model for the role of exercise in leisure time to reduce social harmful issues. This research was carried out using semi-structured interviews using the qualitative method (Grounded Theory approach). The sample consisted of 13 sports management lecturers (5 students), sociology lecturers (4 persons), police commanders (2 persons), and offenders (2 persons) who were selected using purposeful sampling. The data collection method was a study of previous research and interviews. To examine the face and content validity, the research findings were presented to the participants, and the study's text was studied, and their point of view was applied. The method used to examine reliability was an intra-subject agreement method. The average agreement within the subject was 0.79. Based on the findings, the causative conditions include the status of culture and social acceptance; ground conditions including socio-cultural, software,hardware; intervening conditions including architectural sites, environmental factors, demographic features; strategies including infrastructure and incentives the internal and implications included economic, behavioral, and cultural-social categories. Therefore, it is suggested to pay attention to identified indicators to reduce social harm through leisure-time exercise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
969 - Testing the Model of Leisure Time Attitudes and Work-Leisure Conflicts with Physical Activity Leisure Time Satisfaction in Ministry of Sports and Youth Employees
محمد میرزاکریمی محمدرضا اسمعیلی زهرا حاجی انزهاییThe main purpose of the present study was to test the model of leisure time The main purpose of the present study was to test the model of leisure time attitudes and work-leisure conflicts with physical activity leisure time satisfaction in ministry of sports and youth MoreThe main purpose of the present study was to test the model of leisure time The main purpose of the present study was to test the model of leisure time attitudes and work-leisure conflicts with physical activity leisure time satisfaction in ministry of sports and youth employees. The present study was a descriptive study of structural equation modeling and is considered as an applied research in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study consisted of all employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, which is 890 people. The minimum statistical sample based on Cochran's formula using simple random sampling method were 268 people. In this study, the standard questionnaires of work-leisure conflicts with leisure time, leisure behavioral attitude and leisure time satisfaction self-structure questionnaire were used. The results of structural equation modeling showed that attitudes toward leisure have a significant positive effect on leisure satisfaction with an emphasis on physical activity. Also, fatigue-based conflict has a significant negative effect on leisure satisfaction with an emphasis on physical activity. In addition, time-based conflict does not have a significant effect on leisure satisfaction with an emphasis on physical activity. Therefore, it is suggested that the managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth hold family programs, including walking, cycling conferences, etc., to improve their physical satisfaction.Keywords: leisure time attitudes, work-leisure conflicts, physical activity, leisure time satisfaction Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
970 - Providing a Relational Model of the Physical Activity Passion and Vitality with the Enjoyment of Sports leisure, the Mediates Social Cohesion in the Employees of the Tehran Municipality Sports Organization
elahe reyahi ali zarei mohammadreza esmailil zinat nikaeeinThe present study was designed to investigate the correlation between a passion for physical activity and vitality with leisure-time enjoyment of physical activity in Tehran municipality sports organizations in 2019. A descriptive-correlational design was used for this MoreThe present study was designed to investigate the correlation between a passion for physical activity and vitality with leisure-time enjoyment of physical activity in Tehran municipality sports organizations in 2019. A descriptive-correlational design was used for this study. The population included all employees of the Tehran Municipality Sports Organization, and the statistical sample was selected by the all-round method (n=200).In this study, Marsh et al.'s (2013) Passion Scale, Ryan et al.'s (1997) Mental Vitality Scale, Groningen Stevens et al.'s (2000) Pleasure Questionnaire, and Lee and Robbins' Social Cohesion in 1995 (1995) were used. Face validity, content validity index, convergence, and construct validity and reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient calculation) were evaluated after collecting by a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SmartPls 3.0 software. The results showed that there was a significant positive causal relationship between consistent desire and enjoyment of sports leisure (β = 0.33, P = 0.001) in the employees of Tehran Municipality Sports Organization. While there was no causal relationship between extreme desire and enjoyment of sports leisure (β = 0.09, P = 0.384). Also, other results showed that there was no causal relationship between vitality and enjoyment of sports leisure (β = 0.03, P = 0.728). Similarly, there was a significant positive causal relationship between social cohesion and enjoyment of sports leisure (β = 0.85, P = 0.001). The mediating role of social cohesion in the relationship between adaptive desire, extreme desire, and vitality with the enjoyment of sports leisure in the employees of Tehran Municipality Sports Organization was a significant mediating role. It is concluded that the managers of the Tehran Municipality Sports Organization should implement sports programs for some days of the week and in the form of family festivals in order to encourage employees to participate in physical activity during their free time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
971 - The Effect of a Period of CrossFit Training on Anthropometric Indices, Aerobic Power and Time to Exhaustion in Female Futsal Players
maleiheh fazelan niko khosravi fahimeh kazemiCrossFit is one of the growing high-intensity functional training modes. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a CrossFit training on anthropometric indices, aerobic power and time to exhaustion in female futsal players. Twenty-four female futs MoreCrossFit is one of the growing high-intensity functional training modes. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a CrossFit training on anthropometric indices, aerobic power and time to exhaustion in female futsal players. Twenty-four female futsal players with mean age of 20 ± 2 years and mean weight of 56.12 ± 6.86 kg were randomly divided into two groups of exercise (n=12) and control (n=12). Subjects performed the tests including Bruce's test, composition assessment two days before and after the training. The training group performed CrossFit training for four weeks, two days per week and 35-40 minutes per session, and the control group performed only their daily activities during this period. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-test and independent t-test at the significant level of P<0.05. The results of paired sample t-test showed that there was no significant difference between body weight, BMI, %BF, WHR, BFM, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and time to exhaustion in control and training groups in pre- and post-test. Also, the results of independent sample t-test showed that there was no significant difference between above mentioned variables in control and training groups after 4 weeks. In conclusion, according to the findings of this study, CrossFit training for 4 weeks, two days a week had no effect on improving anthropometric indices, aerobic power and time to exhaustion in female futsal players. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
972 - The effect of sowing date and harvesting time on quantitative traits and yield of silage maize under Varamin environmental conditions
majid abdoli Usually sowing date and harvest time of summer crops such as maize have a significantimpact on the quantitative and qualitative yield of the crop. Therefore, the aim of thisstudy was to investigate the effect of sowing date and harvest time on quantitative traitsa More Usually sowing date and harvest time of summer crops such as maize have a significantimpact on the quantitative and qualitative yield of the crop. Therefore, the aim of thisstudy was to investigate the effect of sowing date and harvest time on quantitative traitsand yield of silage maize (single cross 701; cv. Karun), this experiment was done as a splitplot based on completely randomized blocks design with three replications in Varamin atyear of 2015. Treatments included five sowing dates as main factor (9th of April, 21th ofMay, 18th of June, 30th of June and 15th of July) and two harvesting times as sub-factor(grain milky stage and grain dough stage). The results showed that the effect of sowingdate had significant effect at 1% level on the stem fresh weight, maize fresh weight, totalfresh weight, stem fresh weight to total fresh weight ratio, maize fresh weight to total freshweight ratio and fresh forage yield and significant effect at 5% level on the leaf freshweight to total fresh weight ratio. Based on the findings sowing date of 30th of June hasmore fresh weight of leaf, stem and ear and more fresh forage than other sowing dates.Harvesting time in milking stage has better quality and harvesting at dough stage hashigher quantity of product. Correlation between studied traits showed positive and higheffect of stem fresh weight with forage yield. In general, it can be stated that summersowing dates, especially 30th of June and harvest time at the dough stage are the mostfavorable times for silage corn cultivation in the Varamin region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
973 - Study of combination of nitrogen chemical and biological fertilizers and harvesting time on yield quantity and quality of dual purpose barley
Zahra mardasi MANI MOJADDAMThis experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The experiment included Nitrogen fertilizer as the main factor : 1- pure Nitrogen 100%. 2- Nitrogen 75% + Nitroxin. 3- Nitrogen 50% + Nitroxin. 4- Nitro MoreThis experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The experiment included Nitrogen fertilizer as the main factor : 1- pure Nitrogen 100%. 2- Nitrogen 75% + Nitroxin. 3- Nitrogen 50% + Nitroxin. 4- Nitrogen 25% + Nitroxin. And sub factor include 3 levels of harvesting forage : 1- Without forage harvest. 2- Harvest in the end of tillering stage 30 Zadks. 3- Harvest in mid-stem elongation 33-32 Zadks. Results showed that effect of Nitrogen fertilizer on protein forage yield and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on thousand grain weight, number of grains in spike, forage protein percent, and forage yield was significant at %5 level of probability. in Effect of harvesting time forage driest forage yield, protein forage, grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and And grain number of spikes, grain weight, and forage protein percent was significant at %5 level of probability. Maximum grain yield in Nitrogen fertilizer 75% + Nitroxin and without forage harvest with 5197 kg/ha. Minimum grain yield in Nitrogen 25% + Nitroxin and Harvest in mid-stem elongation with 1920 kg/ha. The highest dry forage yield in Stage Harvest in mid-stem elongation with 2386 kg/ha. Highest protein percentage with 21.7% was attained in harvest time of late tillering. Due to the results effect of Nitrogen fertilizer 75% + Nitroxin can be the best grain yield and forage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
974 - Study of combination of nitrogen chemical and biological fertilizers and harvesting time on yield quantity and quality of dual purpose barley
Zahra Merdasi Mani Mojaddam2This experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The experiment included Nitrogen fertilizer as the main factor : 1- pure Nitrogen 100%. 2- Nitrogen 75% + Nitroxin. 3- Nitrogen 50% + Nitroxin. 4- Nitro MoreThis experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The experiment included Nitrogen fertilizer as the main factor : 1- pure Nitrogen 100%. 2- Nitrogen 75% + Nitroxin. 3- Nitrogen 50% + Nitroxin. 4- Nitrogen 25% + Nitroxin. And sub factor include 3 levels of harvesting forage : 1- Without forage harvest. 2- Harvest in the end of tillering stage 30 Zadks. 3- Harvest in mid-stem elongation 33-32 Zadks. Results showed that effect of Nitrogen fertilizer on protein forage yield and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on thousand grain weight, number of grains in spike, forage protein percent, and forage yield was significant at %5 level of probability. in Effect of harvesting time forage driest forage yield, protein forage, grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and And grain number of spikes, grain weight, and forage protein percent was significant at %5 level of probability. Maximum grain yield in Nitrogen fertilizer 75% + Nitroxin and without forage harvest with 5197 kg/ha. Minimum grain yield in Nitrogen 25% + Nitroxin and Harvest in mid-stem elongation with 1920 kg/ha. The highest dry forage yield in Stage Harvest in mid-stem elongation with 2386 kg/ha. Highest protein percentage with 21.7% was attained in harvest time of late tillering. Due to the results effect of Nitrogen fertilizer 75% + Nitroxin can be the best grain yield and forage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
975 - The effect of micronutrients foliar application of Fe, Cu, Zn and spraying times on wheat yield
Mohammad Bazyar Saeid Sayfzadeh Esmaeil Hadidi Masouleh Mohsen YousefiThis experiment was conducted in in Boin Zahra area, Qazvin at 2015-2016 in order to investigate the effect of spraying time and micronutrient elements on wheat traits in split plot as randomized complete block design with three replications. The time of spraying at ste MoreThis experiment was conducted in in Boin Zahra area, Qazvin at 2015-2016 in order to investigate the effect of spraying time and micronutrient elements on wheat traits in split plot as randomized complete block design with three replications. The time of spraying at stemming stage and spike emergence stage as main factor and the micronutrient elements in 8 levels: non-consumption (pure water), iron, zinc, copper, iron + zinc, iron + copper, copper + zinc and iron + copper + Zinc in sub plots. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of spraying time (at 5% level), micronutrient elements (at 1% level), and the interaction effect of spraying time × micronutrient elements (at 1% level) on grain yield was significant. The results of comparison of the effect of spray time on grain yield showed that spraying during spike emergence increased grain yield. Spraying at the time of emergence of spike with an average of 6789 kg/ha was significantly superior to stemming stage, and increased by about 5%. The results of the comparison of micronutrient effects on grain yield showed that the coagulation of iron + copper + zinc with the mean of 7483 kg/ha had the highest grain yield. The results of comparing the effects of spraying time and micronutrient on grain yield showed that iron + copper + zinc solution had the highest grain yield at spike time. The results also showed that spray application spray increased seed yield of each micronutrient treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
976 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
Ali RahimiIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal MoreIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
977 - The Context of Time in the Philosophical Discourses of Contemporary Architecture and Urban Planning based on the Theory of Space Production
Mozhdeh JamshidiTime and space have been central issues in legal-philosophical discourses, with each philosophical system offering different views on these concepts. The components of space and time in architecture and urban planning throughout history play a significant role in the em MoreTime and space have been central issues in legal-philosophical discourses, with each philosophical system offering different views on these concepts. The components of space and time in architecture and urban planning throughout history play a significant role in the embodiment and meaning of the human environment. This research aims to identify the temporal context in the production of space by focusing on the components that form the structure of thinking in philosophical-judicial discourses and the rationality governing contemporary architecture and urban planning in Iran. By limiting factors to thinkers and planning processes at the global level, the signs of the context of time in the construction of space are identified. The qualitative and interpretive method of this research uses inductive analysis, focusing on the ideas and works of contemporary thinkers, as well as social trends and movements. The results indicate that the foundations of time in the production of space in contemporary Iran stem from psychology and sociology, and are still at the beginning of shaping dominant ideas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
978 - Investigating the Relationship between Time Management and Conflict Management with Job Stress (Case Study of School Principals in District 1 of Kermanshah)
faranak mosavi akram marzbani -
Open Access Article
979 - The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Time Management among the Mangers of IAU to Present an Appropriate Model for Time Management Based on Their Emotional Intelligence
Fattah Nazem Mohammad Javad Ghaed MohammadiAbstractThe purpose of present research was to study the relationship between emotionalintelligence and time management among the Islamic Azad University (IAU)managers to present an appropriate model for time management based on theiremotional intelligence. The populati MoreAbstractThe purpose of present research was to study the relationship between emotionalintelligence and time management among the Islamic Azad University (IAU)managers to present an appropriate model for time management based on theiremotional intelligence. The population of the study consisted of all the IAUmanagers out of whom 554 were selected as sample applying cluster randomsampling. The research instruments were Cyberia - Shrink Emotional IntelligenceTest and a researcher-made questionnaire of time management. The result of linearmultivariate regression indicated that 1) There was a relationship between emotionalintelligence and time management, 2) time management model based on themanagers’ emotional intelligence was as follows:Time Management = 1.017 + 0.26 × self-awareness + 0.017 × Self-motivation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
980 - Promoting students' Cultural Intelligence and Self-regulation by using multimedia instruction
Tahereh Sanjabi Faranak Mosavi Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the Promoting students' Culture Intelligence and Self-regulation by using multimedia instruction. The statistical population included all of the girl's students from School Kermanshah. Then 54 students randoml More Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the Promoting students' Culture Intelligence and Self-regulation by using multimedia instruction. The statistical population included all of the girl's students from School Kermanshah. Then 54 students randomly selected from these students as samples. 27 students were assigned in experimental group and 27 as control group. Two questionnaires were used for collecting the data: 1) Ankh et al (2004) standard questionnaire and questionnaire sport self-regulation (SRQA). Multimedia instruction was conducted for the experimental group in fifteen sessions (60-minutes each) in a period of Four month, twice a week. Both groups were reassessed at the end of the instruction. The results of analysis of covariance indicated that multimedia instruction was significantly effective in all of Cultural Intelligence and Self-regulation development (p<0/001). The possible explanation for the increasing students' Cultural Intelligence and Self-regulation components might be due toparticipation of the experimental group in the Cultural Intelligence and Self-regulationtraining program. Therefore, in line with results from other studies, findings of this study demonstrate the prominent role of multimedia instruction in Cultural Intelligence and Self-regulation development in students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
981 - The Relationship between Needed Skills for Evaluation and the Academic Achievement of Virtual Students Based on Constructivist Approach: Toward a Suitable Model for Virtual Universities in Iran
Farhad Shafiepour Motlagh Abstract The main purpose of this research wasto investigate the relationship between needed skills for evaluation and academic achievement of virtual students based on constructivist approach. The methodology of research was correlational. The instrument was a More Abstract The main purpose of this research wasto investigate the relationship between needed skills for evaluation and academic achievement of virtual students based on constructivist approach. The methodology of research was correlational. The instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire about needed skills for evaluation (α=0.92) and f academic achievement test for two ago semester. The population consisted of all virtual universities’ students (2009-2010) in Iran. The sample group was selected randomly based on Krejcie-Morgan's sample size table (363 students).Pearson Correlation and structural equation model was used for data analysis. Findings indicate that virtual students’ academic achievement influenced by the principles of writing, participating in the process of teaching –learning in the network, electronic portfolio, and time management. The direct effect of synchronous interaction with classmate (0.473), priority of important and emergency affairs (0.395), process portfolio (0.290), principles of scientific writing (0.29), process-producer portfolio (0.250), technical principles (0.25). Based on structural equation test, Chi-Square=117.682, GFI= 0.951, AGFI=0.921, P-Value= 0.000, RMSEA=0.055. Thus, the tested model was acceptable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
982 - The Relationship between Time Management and the Effectiveness of the Secondary School Managers in Bustan and Golestan
Alireza Araghieh Kianoush Zahrakar Mohammad AkbariAbstract: The goal of this study is to determine the relationship between time management skills and effectiveness of elementary schools’ management in Bustan and Golestan area. The population consisted of all teachers at boy’s elementary schools in B MoreAbstract: The goal of this study is to determine the relationship between time management skills and effectiveness of elementary schools’ management in Bustan and Golestan area. The population consisted of all teachers at boy’s elementary schools in Bustan and Golestan who were working there in the school year 1389-90 (640 teachers). The sample was formed by 128 teachers who were chosen with multi-stage cluster sampling method. A time management questionnaire with 30 items and also a 35-item questionnaire for effectiveness were administered. To analyze data, descriptive statistics and coefficient of regression were calculated. Results showed that there is a positive meaningful relationship between time management skills and their efficiency. Following results were concluded: there is positive and meaningful relationship between time management and manager’s effectiveness (α=0.01); There is positive and meaningful relationship between time management and technical skills in manager’s effectiveness with α=0.01 level; In other words, we are able to estimate manager’s effectiveness and their technical skills by time management; There is a meaningful and positive relationship between time management and manager’s effectiveness with human skills at α=0.01; in other words, we are able to estimate human skills in manager’s effectiveness by time management variable; There is meaningful and positive relationship between time management and perception skills in manager’s effectiveness at α=0.01; in other words, we can estimate perception skills in manager’s effectiveness by time management. Results of one variable regression analyze showed that time management skills are able to estimate the quality of small scales (skills) in manager’s effectiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
983 - The Effect of Multimedia Instruction on Spelling Disability Treatment of the Primary School Students with Specific Learning Disability
Faramarz Malekian Azar AkhondiThe purpose of the present research is to study the effect of multimedia instruction on treating the students with spelling disability. The population of the research included all the boy and girl students with spelling disability in the third grade of primary schools i MoreThe purpose of the present research is to study the effect of multimedia instruction on treating the students with spelling disability. The population of the research included all the boy and girl students with spelling disability in the third grade of primary schools in Kermanshah. The sample included 16 girls and 14 boys totally 30 with spelling disability who were in the centers for specific learning disability in Kermanshah. They were randomly selected and divided into two experimental and control groups. The variables like their intelligence, grade, gender, and mental and physical health were kept the same in two groups. The study had a quasi-experimental design with per- and post-test and control group. The research tools were Wechsler’s Intelligence Scale for Children, spelling checklist and a researcher-made spelling software for multimedia instruction. The students in experimental group were trained with spelling multimedia for 10 sessions each 75 minutes, but the control group received their routine program without multimedia instruction. The data were analyzed using independent-sample t test. The findings indicated that there is a significant difference between mean scores of the students in experimental and control groups (α ≤0.01). Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of multimedia instruction can effectively treat the spelling disability among primary school students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
984 - Provide a model based on the effect of multimedia programs and e-learning on the teaching quality of faculty members
maryamt TaghvaeeyazdiThe present study was conducted to provide a model based on the effect of multimedia programs and e-learning on the teaching quality of faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran province. The statistical population of all faculty members of the Islamic Az MoreThe present study was conducted to provide a model based on the effect of multimedia programs and e-learning on the teaching quality of faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran province. The statistical population of all faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran province was 1532 people who were determined from 14 cities by stratified random sampling. Universities were divided into five categories (comprehensive, very large, large, medium and small). Using Cochran's formula, a sample size of 210 people was selected. The research method was survey and measurement tools included two researcher-made questionnaires in two sections of multimedia programs and e-learning with 38 questions and teaching quality with 40 questions. The face and content validity of the tool was approved by experts and specialists; Structural validity was also used and its reliability coefficient was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.93 and SPSS 22 software and LISREL 8.5 were used for analysis. The results showed that the components of multimedia programs, components of e-learning and dimensions of teaching quality of faculty members in Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran are above average and all Pearson correlation values between independent variables of programs Multimedia and e-learning and their components with the dependent variable of teaching quality and its dimensions are significant and the direction of these relationships is positive and the degree of fit of the model is at the appropriate level and adaptation is over 90% and the model presented by Expert opinion has a relatively good fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
985 - The Relationship between Multimedia Literacy with Professional Development of Teachers and Managers in Education District One
Taha NasiriThe purpose of this reaserch was the relationship between multimedia literacy with professional development of managers and teachers in an education district of Sari. This research was a field data collection method in terms of applied purpose and a descriptive correlat MoreThe purpose of this reaserch was the relationship between multimedia literacy with professional development of managers and teachers in an education district of Sari. This research was a field data collection method in terms of applied purpose and a descriptive correlational method in terms of implementation method. The statistical population included all managers and teachers of an education district in Sari in the academic year of 2020-2021 in the number of 650 people, which using Krejcie and Morgan table and relative stratified random sampling method of 242 people as Sample sizes were selected. Data collection tools were standard philosophical multimedia literacy questionnaires (2014), Nova Professional Development (2008) and Des Ryan (2003). (multimedia literacy equal to 0.79, professional development equal to 0.88 and percent). To analyze the data, descriptive (frequency, percentage and bar graph) and inferential sections (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression) were used using Spss22 software. The results showed that there is a relationship between multimedia literacy with professional development of managers and teachers in an education district of Sari city. The results also showed that the components of multimedia literacy are related to the professional development and job vitality of principals and teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
986 - The comparative study of Alinameh and Eftekharnameh in terms of narrative time
sohrab abdollahzadeh eyshabad نزهت Nozhat Fatemeh ModarresiAbstract In examining epic in particular religious epics whose heroes are prophets and prominent religious figures who are connected to the source of inspiration and revelation, if not all, most are aware of the events and destiny of the characters, predict future and MoreAbstract In examining epic in particular religious epics whose heroes are prophets and prominent religious figures who are connected to the source of inspiration and revelation, if not all, most are aware of the events and destiny of the characters, predict future and speak about the far and near past, narrative time gains most attention. Based on the perspectives of the following theorists such as Rimmon Kenan, Gerald Prince, Heidegger, and in particular Gerard Genette this article aims to examine the notion of time in the two epic poems Rabi’s Alinameh the first religious epic after Islam and Sahba’s Eftekharnameh, accounted as the last religious epic, and also explore and analyze them in terms of order, duration, and frequency. Employing descriptive analytic method together with applying comparative literature approach to these works denote that due to employing multiple time intervals and high frequency of anticipation in relation to looking into past they lend themselves to further examinations. The study of duration shows that speed in most parts of the stories in two works in particular in Eftekharnameh is a positive one and the study of frequency shows that Alinameh seems to proceed with lower speed in relation with Eftekharnameh since its composer uses the aspect of frequency repetitively while in Eftekharnameh the composer benefited from using the aspect of narrator more. e. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
987 - Newly found points regarding the identity of the narrator of Yatim Nameh and the time of its writing
Milad JafarpoorAbstractYatim Nameh is a prose epic which for a long time was mistakenly taken under the incorrect title of the story of Hossein Kurd Shabestari and was very popular among the people at the time, yet despite its enormous success and fame in Iran not only the original te MoreAbstractYatim Nameh is a prose epic which for a long time was mistakenly taken under the incorrect title of the story of Hossein Kurd Shabestari and was very popular among the people at the time, yet despite its enormous success and fame in Iran not only the original text and the amazing body of this narrative has remained unknown and not published but also in few studies conducted in this connection there is no discussion regarding the true identity of its storyteller. Moreover, as far as the time of its composition is concerned Yatim Nameh is attributed to the Safavid or the Qajar period, two perspectives totally unexplained and generally presented which were not satistactory and systematic. Due to the misconceptions that exist around this subject the present article in two sections employing the inductive method and relying on the overall references and the existing facts in manuscripts of Yatim Nameh, first explores the assumed identity of the narrator of this epic, and second state reasons for the final attribution of the time of writing Yatim Nameh to the Safavid era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
988 - The structure of the sacred affair in YasnaSherwin
Sherwin VakiliIn this article first the structural code of the sacred affair in Yasna has been investigated and its counterpart concepts of the same root in the vedic sources have been studied. Then the arrangement and organization of these centers of meanings representing the sacred MoreIn this article first the structural code of the sacred affair in Yasna has been investigated and its counterpart concepts of the same root in the vedic sources have been studied. Then the arrangement and organization of these centers of meanings representing the sacred affair is pointed out, and finally a pentavalent system has been suggested which on the one hand is connected to the forces forming the human soul and spirit and on the other hand is related to the elements forming the material world and in this way it welds the material and the spiritual worlds and also the great and small world together. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
989 - The origin of Zarvani idea and philosophy in Shahnameh Ferdowsi
Masoumeh KarimianSince antiquity, man has been in search of his life’s fountainhead and the origin of creation and with reflection on this world has tried to unravel its mystery. After coming of Zoroaster in Iran and appearance of Mazdai rite, Ormazd and Ahriman have been re MoreSince antiquity, man has been in search of his life’s fountainhead and the origin of creation and with reflection on this world has tried to unravel its mystery. After coming of Zoroaster in Iran and appearance of Mazdai rite, Ormazd and Ahriman have been regarded as two poles of creation and creators of good and evil. However, there are evidences and documents demonstrating that before believing in dualism, the idea of monotheism based on the unity of time preoccupied the mind of Iranians. Belief in Zarvan, god of time, had numerous consequences more than anything else, belief in fate (destiny), and predestined lot seized the mind of Persians for centuries. This idea penetrated through the minds of Iranian poets, thinkers and philosophers. Among them, Ferdowsi, the great Iranian epic poet, like others was no exception. It is assumed that determinism in Shahnameh more than anything else has roots in Zarvanism. In this article, first the origins of the idea and philosophy of Zarvanism in Old Persia, before and after Zoroaster is sought, then with citing evidences from Shahnameh, the roots of Zarvani Philosophy is pointed out. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
990 - Ministers in Hafez's time
Iraj ShahbaziThis article discusses the concept of viziership in Persian literature, and investigates the life of ministers in Hafez's time. Emadeddin Mahmoud Kermani, Borhaneddin Fatollah, Ghavameddin Mohammad Saheb Ayyar, and jalaloddin Touranshah are the four ministers who were p MoreThis article discusses the concept of viziership in Persian literature, and investigates the life of ministers in Hafez's time. Emadeddin Mahmoud Kermani, Borhaneddin Fatollah, Ghavameddin Mohammad Saheb Ayyar, and jalaloddin Touranshah are the four ministers who were particularly liked by Hafez and he composed some poetry in their praise. Investigation of this genre of poetry from the historical point of view is the main subject of this article. Such studies could throw light on Hafez's time and pave the way for compiling a complete history of the Persian literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
991 - Effectiveness of Neurofeedback Training in Cognitive Performance
Fariba Nabavi Al Agha Farah Naderi ali reza Heidari Hasan Ahadi Mohammad Ali NazariCognitive processes, such as attention span and reaction time play a key role in a variety of practical realms. An effective method which can be applied to increase the concentration, attention and also the alteration of reaction time is neurofeedback training. The rese MoreCognitive processes, such as attention span and reaction time play a key role in a variety of practical realms. An effective method which can be applied to increase the concentration, attention and also the alteration of reaction time is neurofeedback training. The research purpose is to assess the effectiveness of neurofeedback training in the attention and reaction time of novice tennis players. Therefore,a sample of 36 volunteers was randomly selected and assigned to experimental group (real neurofeedback) and placebo group (simulated neurofeedback),through employing a semi-experimental method with pre-test, post-test and control group design.Both groups were assessed in terms of attention span and reaction time prior and subsequent to the training. The result of difference variance analysis indicated that neurofeedback training is effective in decreasing the reaction time. However, no support was found in terms of attention span. Overall, it can be concluded that neurofeedback training is effective in the enhancement of cognitive performance, particularly, the decrease of reaction time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
992 - A Comparison of Recognition of Facial Emotion Expressions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Normal Children
Mahsa Ahadian Hamid Poursharifi layli PanaghiOriginally, children recognize other people’s emotional expressions through an emotional transmission process that is approximately automatic. Happiness, sadness, fear and anger are some of the main internal emotions which can be directly perceived by facial expre MoreOriginally, children recognize other people’s emotional expressions through an emotional transmission process that is approximately automatic. Happiness, sadness, fear and anger are some of the main internal emotions which can be directly perceived by facial expressions. Children’s reaction to the emotions demonstrate their ability to recognize and interpret them. Researches evaluating Deficit in emotional recognition of autistic children leads to conflicting results. The aim of this study is to compare recognition of six basic facial expressions and reaction times in children with and without autism spectrum disorder. For this purpose, utilizing a comparative research design, 20 children with autism spectrum disorder - selected by the use of convenience sampling method- were compared with 20 typically developing age-matched control subjects in facial emotional recognition and reaction time. Multivariate Covariance Analysis results showed significant differences between two groups in reaction time and recognition of emotions. It was revealed that performance of autistic children in facial emotion recognition was slower and less accurate than normal children. In this study, it is confirmed that children with autism spectrum disorder have a deficit in recognizing emotional expression in faces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
993 - Effectiveness of Bowen systemic therapy on chronic anxiety and lifestyle
Fatemeh Gharehbaghy Mohammad Ali Besharat Reza Rostami Masoud Gholamali LavasaniLifestyle and chronic anxiety are two basic causes of chronic diseases and family emotional system is one of the sources of chronic anxiety. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate an intervention based on Bowen family systems theory for improving health behavi MoreLifestyle and chronic anxiety are two basic causes of chronic diseases and family emotional system is one of the sources of chronic anxiety. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate an intervention based on Bowen family systems theory for improving health behaviors and reducing chronic anxiety in couples who had chronic anxiety symptoms in family emotional system. For this purpose, through a semi-experimental research and using accessible sampling, 38 couples were selected and considered in two experimental and control groups randomly. Before, after and after 2 months of intervention, they were evaluated according to genogram and lifestyle. The family-based and psycho-educative intervention was designed and applied in 7 sessions. Data analyses using variance analysis and repeated measures indicated that this intervention improves health behaviors and reduces chronic anxiety significantly. These findings could be used in therapeutic programs for anxiety, preventing chronic diseases and presenting a new model in health psychology based on the role of interpersonal relationships and emotional factors in health and lifestyle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
994 - Examination and comparison of cognitive speed and reaction and decision time in schizophrenia and bipolar patients
Behrooz Afshari Jila HasaniSchizophrenia and bipolar disorders are associated with impairment in cognitive functions, and the cognitive profile of these two disorders is similar. However, cognitive defects in these patients may follow different paths. The purpose of the present study was to evalu MoreSchizophrenia and bipolar disorders are associated with impairment in cognitive functions, and the cognitive profile of these two disorders is similar. However, cognitive defects in these patients may follow different paths. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare the cognitive speed and reaction and decision time in schizophrenia and bipolar patients. For this purpose, in a comparative study, forty patients with schizophrenia, 40 patients with bipolar disorder, and 40 healthy individuals were selected through available sampling, and were tested for positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, mania, depression, trial making, reaction time, and general intelligence. The results of Tukey's test showed that cognitive speed and reaction and decision time in bipolar disorder were lower than schizophrenia disorder and healthy individuals, it was also found that the cognitive speed and reaction and decision time in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorders were significantly lower than healthy individuals. This study showed that cognitive functions have been destroyed in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders, and these patients show a lower performance at cognitive speed and reaction and decision time than in healthy individuals. The findings showed that cognitive speed and reaction and decision time in bipolar patients were weaker than schizophrenia disorder. It seems that the study of cognitive functions such as cognitive speed and reaction and decision time in schizophrenia and bipolar patients can help to understand the pathology of these disorders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
995 - Developing a Structural Model to Explain Psychological Well-being based on Ego Strength and Positive Dimensions of Time Attitude
Maedeh Atayi Mehran Fathadi khosro rashidSocial networks are a new generation of possible new resources, and by using the way they can allow you to do so, they can move in their own way in the virtual world with your consent, s MoreSocial networks are a new generation of possible new resources, and by using the way they can allow you to do so, they can move in their own way in the virtual world with your consent, so that they can enjoy different perspectives. The purpose of this study was to prediction of social network addiction based on maladaptive schemas & cognitive distortions by mediating family's emotional atmosphere variable in students. For this purpose, in a descriptive correlational study, 348 female students of the Faculty of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch were selected by available sampling method and in terms of social network addiction, early maladaptive schemas, cognitive distortions and emotional atmosphere of the case family were evaluated. The Evaluation of standard coefficients of research showed that the variable of maladaptive Schemas was 62% (β = 0.62) and the cognitive distortions were 20% (β = 0.20). The effect of Family's Emotional Atmosphere. It was also found that the family emotional climate variable had a 74% effect on social network addiction (β = 0.74). People with mental-emotional vacuum within themselves, with tendencies Extreme social networks respond artificially to their vacuum and need. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
996 - The mediating role of hopefulness in the relationship between time perspective and psychological crisis
Sadegh Taghilo Hamideh LatifiIn the study of individual psychological crisis, the perspective towards time is significantly important when facing adverse situations. This perception of time consists of five dimensions including; positive past, negative past, present self-indulgence, fatalistic pres MoreIn the study of individual psychological crisis, the perspective towards time is significantly important when facing adverse situations. This perception of time consists of five dimensions including; positive past, negative past, present self-indulgence, fatalistic present, and future. The aim of this study is to determine the mediating role of hopefulness in the relationship between time perspective and the psychological crisis. Therefore, in a descriptive study, 296 students of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch, were selected through multi-stage random sampling method and tested for their perspective of time, symptoms of mental health problems and hopefulness. Analysis and structural equation modeling showed that hopefulness mediates in the relationship between both fatalistic present and future and psychological crisis. Fatalistic time perspective view the present with a sense of failure, frustration and desperateness. Individuals with future time perspective have tendency towards long-term goals and prospects. Possessing an optimistic view, having access to adequate resources on goal-oriented philosophy, and familiarity with the essential methods to achieve the objectives, all promote individuals’ well being. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
997 - The Ratio of Teacher Talking Time (TTT) to Student Talking Time (STT) in Iranian EFL Classes: An Observational Multi-Class Analysis
Kamran Rabani EbrahimiPour Neda Fatehi Rad Ehasn RayaniClassroom discourse and interaction, particularly the balance between teacher talking time (TTT) and student talking time (STT), are critical elements in (English as a Foreign Language) EFL settings. While some research has explored various facets of classroom discourse MoreClassroom discourse and interaction, particularly the balance between teacher talking time (TTT) and student talking time (STT), are critical elements in (English as a Foreign Language) EFL settings. While some research has explored various facets of classroom discourse and interactions, few studies have specifically examined the TTT and STT ratio across a broad spectrum of EFL classes through direct observation. Addressing this gap, this observational study aims to evaluate the TTT/STT ratio in 83 diverse EFL classes in Kerman, Iran. Furthermore, it investigates if this ratio correlates with teachers' gender, years of teaching experience, and class level. To this end, the study involved 83 EFL teachers, including both genders, with teaching experience ranging from 1 to 15 years, teaching classes at elementary, intermediate, and advanced levels. Findings revealed that TTT constituted approximately 61.49% of total class time on average, with STT comprising 38.51%. No significant differences were detected in relation to teachers' gender, teaching experience, or class level. The implications of these results are discussed. Manuscript profile
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