Analysis of the Parameters Affecting on the Performance and Energy Efficiency of Biodiesel Production from Waste Oil
Subject Areas : Renewable EnergyGolmohammad Khoobbakht 1 , Mahmoud karimi 2
1 - Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
*(Corresponding Author)
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
Keywords: Energy, Time, Molar Ratio, temperature, Biodiesel,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: The steady increase in energy demand and the depletion of crude oil resources have led to the search for renewable and sustainable fuels. Biodiesel is the best alternative to diesel because it is environmentally friendly. Biodiesel is typically produced by the transesterification method. In this study, energy efficiency and the effect of reaction time and temperature as well as the molar ratio of methanol to oil on biodiesel production from waste oil were investigated.Methods: In this study, the energy of inputs such as manpower, edible oil waste, alcohol (methanol), catalyst (KOH), electricity and energy of biodiesel production machine and energy output including: biodiesel, glycerol, alcohol additives, water, soap, mono-glyceride and Diglyceride was calculated to calculate energy efficiency. Also, to calculate the yield, the weight of fatty acid esters and triglycerides of waste oil from the reaction was measured.Findings and Conclusions: The results of this study showed that these three parameters of reaction time and temperature as well as the molar ratio of methanol to oil affected the performance of the transesterification reaction by the conventional method. The molar ratio of methanol to oil was 6: 1, the reaction time was 60 minutes and the reaction temperature was 60 ° C with 95% conversion of triglycerides to fatty acid esters.
1- Sancho Araujo, V.K.W., Hamacher, S., Scavarda, L.F., 2010. Economic assessment of biodiesel production from waste frying oils. Bioresource Technology 101, 4415–4422.
2- Ghobadian, B., Rahimi, H. Biofuels-Past, Peresent and Future Perspective, the 4th International Iran and Russia Conference, Shahre kord, Iran, September, 2004.
3- Dantas, M.B., Almeida, A.A.F., Conceic¸ ão, M.M., Fernandes Jr., V.J., Santos, I.M.G., Silva, F.C., Soledade, L.E.B., Souza, A.G. 2007. CHARACTERIZATION AND KINETIC COMPENSATION EFFECT OF CORN BIODIESEL. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 87, 847–851.
4- Ma, F. and Hanna, M.A. 1999. Biodiesel production: a review. Bioresource Technology 70, 1-15.
5- Meher, L.C., Vidya Sagar, D., Naik, S.N. 2006. Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification—a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 10, 248–268.
6- Ceccon, C. and R. Giovanardi, 2002. Energy balance of four systems hn north eastern Italy. Italy Journal Agron, VOL.6. pp 73-78.
7- Sprules, F.J. 1950. Production of fatty esters. Google Patents.
8- Singh, S.P., Singh, D. 2010. Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 14,200–216.
9- Leung, D.Y.C., Guo, Y., 2006. Transesterification of neat and used frying oil: optimization for biodiesel production. Fuel Process Technology 87, 883–890.
10- Zhang, Y., Dube, M.A., McLean, D.D., Kates, M. 2003. Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: 2. Economic assessment and sensitivity analysis. Bioresour Technol 90, 229–240.
11- Freedman, B., Butterfield, R.O., Pryde, E.H., 1986. Transesterification kinetics of soybean oil. Journal of American Oil Chemist’ Society 63, 1375–1380.
12- Alamu, O.J., Waheed, M.A., Jekayinfa, S.O., 2007. Biodiesel production from Nigerian palm kernel oil: effect of KOH concentration on yield. Energy for Sustainable Development 11, 77–82.
13- Eevera, T., Rajendran, K., Saradha, S., 2009. Biodiesel production process optimization and characterization to assess the suitability of the product for varied environmental conditions. Renewable Energy 34, 762–765.
14- Ma, F., Clements, L.D., Hanna, M.A., 1998. The effects of catalyst, free fatty acids, and water on transesterification of beef tallow. Transactions of the American Society of Agricaltural Engineers 41, 1261–1264.
15- Gui, M.M., Lee, K.T., Bhatia, S., 2008. Feasibility of edible oil vs. non-edible oil vs. waste edible oil as biodiesel feedstock. Energy 33, 1646–1653.
16- Mohammadshirazi, A., Akram, A., Rafiee, S., Mousavi Avval, S.H., Bagheri, E., 2012. An analysis of energy use and relation between energy inputs and yield in tangerine production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16, 4515–4521.
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1- Sancho Araujo, V.K.W., Hamacher, S., Scavarda, L.F., 2010. Economic assessment of biodiesel production from waste frying oils. Bioresource Technology 101, 4415–4422.
2- Ghobadian, B., Rahimi, H. Biofuels-Past, Peresent and Future Perspective, the 4th International Iran and Russia Conference, Shahre kord, Iran, September, 2004.
3- Dantas, M.B., Almeida, A.A.F., Conceic¸ ão, M.M., Fernandes Jr., V.J., Santos, I.M.G., Silva, F.C., Soledade, L.E.B., Souza, A.G. 2007. CHARACTERIZATION AND KINETIC COMPENSATION EFFECT OF CORN BIODIESEL. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 87, 847–851.
4- Ma, F. and Hanna, M.A. 1999. Biodiesel production: a review. Bioresource Technology 70, 1-15.
5- Meher, L.C., Vidya Sagar, D., Naik, S.N. 2006. Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification—a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 10, 248–268.
6- Ceccon, C. and R. Giovanardi, 2002. Energy balance of four systems hn north eastern Italy. Italy Journal Agron, VOL.6. pp 73-78.
7- Sprules, F.J. 1950. Production of fatty esters. Google Patents.
8- Singh, S.P., Singh, D. 2010. Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 14,200–216.
9- Leung, D.Y.C., Guo, Y., 2006. Transesterification of neat and used frying oil: optimization for biodiesel production. Fuel Process Technology 87, 883–890.
10- Zhang, Y., Dube, M.A., McLean, D.D., Kates, M. 2003. Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: 2. Economic assessment and sensitivity analysis. Bioresour Technol 90, 229–240.
11- Freedman, B., Butterfield, R.O., Pryde, E.H., 1986. Transesterification kinetics of soybean oil. Journal of American Oil Chemist’ Society 63, 1375–1380.
12- Alamu, O.J., Waheed, M.A., Jekayinfa, S.O., 2007. Biodiesel production from Nigerian palm kernel oil: effect of KOH concentration on yield. Energy for Sustainable Development 11, 77–82.
13- Eevera, T., Rajendran, K., Saradha, S., 2009. Biodiesel production process optimization and characterization to assess the suitability of the product for varied environmental conditions. Renewable Energy 34, 762–765.
14- Ma, F., Clements, L.D., Hanna, M.A., 1998. The effects of catalyst, free fatty acids, and water on transesterification of beef tallow. Transactions of the American Society of Agricaltural Engineers 41, 1261–1264.
15- Gui, M.M., Lee, K.T., Bhatia, S., 2008. Feasibility of edible oil vs. non-edible oil vs. waste edible oil as biodiesel feedstock. Energy 33, 1646–1653.
16- Mohammadshirazi, A., Akram, A., Rafiee, S., Mousavi Avval, S.H., Bagheri, E., 2012. An analysis of energy use and relation between energy inputs and yield in tangerine production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16, 4515–4521.
