• List of Articles مصر

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Investigating the effect of guerilla marketing on consumer behavior with the mediating role of brand equity (Study case: customers of Ofoq Korosh Company in Shiraz)
        Hassan Soltani mojtaba amini moghaddam
        The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of guerilla marketing on consumer behavior with the mediating role of brand equity. The research method is a descriptive survey, and the statistical population of the research is the customers of Ofok Kurosh stor More
        The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of guerilla marketing on consumer behavior with the mediating role of brand equity. The research method is a descriptive survey, and the statistical population of the research is the customers of Ofok Kurosh stores in Shiraz, which is considered an unlimited population. The sample size was determined as 384 people based on Morgan's table and non-random sampling method is available. The tools of data collection were Guerrilla Marketing Standard Questionnaires of Mehmet Kogerik (2018), consumer behavior of Band P (2019) and special brand value of Aker (1996). In order to check the validity of the questionnaire, experts and professors were used, and for construct validity, the AVE index was used, which indicates that the questionnaire has adequate validity. To measure the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used, which for all variables was above 7. It was found that it indicates the appropriate reliability of the questionnaire. Data analysis was done at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS and PLS software. The quality of information has a significant effect on brand equity. The validity of information has a significant effect on the special value of the Shiraz brand. The need for information has a significant effect on brand equity. The attitude towards information has a significant effect on brand equity. The quality of information has a significant effect on consumer behavior. Information credibility has a significant effect on consumer behavior. The need for information does not have a significant effect on consumer behavior. Attitude to information does not have a significant effect on consumer behavior. The special value of the brand has a significant effect on consumer behavior. Manuscript profile
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        2 - Evaluation and compilation of the energy consumption attributes in the office buildings
        Mehrdad Mahmoudian Sajad Sadi
        Most of the energy consumed in the building is consumed during the operation of the building. If you save on this part of the building energy, you can have a great impact on energy consumption. One way to control energy consumption in buildings is to use building energy More
        Most of the energy consumed in the building is consumed during the operation of the building. If you save on this part of the building energy, you can have a great impact on energy consumption. One way to control energy consumption in buildings is to use building energy labels. In order to provide an energy label, it must be possible to identify the factors affecting the energy consumption of the building. Introducing and studying energy-related indicators is one of the appropriate methods for managing energy consumption. With the help of these indicators, energy consumption can be managed and optimized. In this paper, by examining the main sectors of energy consumption in the buildings using the hierarchical analysis method (in order to label and optimize the energy consumption of office buildings), effective Attributes have been identified and introduced. The systematic search focuses on a variety of sources, including documents, databases, conferences, and various journals. First, search terms are selected. After the findings of library studies, field studies are conducted. This data can be described as experimental or new data. In the present study, two questionnaires were used to conduct field studies and obtain the required information. Improving energy consumption and reducing environmental pollution are key to sustainable energy. As the major consumer of energy, the building sector accounts for more than 40% of total energy consumption. One of the most important consumers of energy are office buildings, which include applications such as air conditioning, heating, cooling, hot water and various equipment. In this research, office buildings have been divided into different sections with the help of previous studies, and then in each section, the relevant Attributes have been extracted from the literature review. A total of 62 indices were extracted in 12 different sections. . Manuscript profile
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        3 - Optimizing power consumption and delay in designing full adder based on CMOS technology
        Vahid Dehghan Mohsen Katebi Jahromi
        Abstract: The aim of this article is to investigate the optimization of power consumption and delay in the design of full adder based on CMOS technology. Different ideas that have existed in the implementation of adder circuits have been simulated. In the implementatio More
        Abstract: The aim of this article is to investigate the optimization of power consumption and delay in the design of full adder based on CMOS technology. Different ideas that have existed in the implementation of adder circuits have been simulated. In the implementation of the adder cell circuit, in some articles the input classes are different and in some others the output classes are different. In different articles, complementary CMOS logic, ratio, complementary pass transistor, transfer gates and majority function have been used. In this paper, a full adder based on CMOS technology is designed and simulated by HSPICE software. The results show that the optimization of power consumption and delay in the design of the full adder has been done effectively using the proposed method, and the simulation results show the superiority of the proposed adder over other models. Manuscript profile
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        4 - Using Cross-Coupled model to design negative capacitor in CMOS technology
        Mohsen Katebi Jahromi mohsen safavi
        In this paper, the Cross-Coupled model is used to design the negative capacitor in CMOS technology, and then the negative capacitor and its application in various circuits are investigated and studied. The investigation and study of the negative capacitor and its applic More
        In this paper, the Cross-Coupled model is used to design the negative capacitor in CMOS technology, and then the negative capacitor and its application in various circuits are investigated and studied. The investigation and study of the negative capacitor and its application in various circuits have been discussed In the following article, the proposed circuit was drawn in the Cadence software using 180 nm technology with a capacitor of 5pF, the dimension of the chip, considering the capacitor of 5 pF, is equal to 152/80 ×40/61 µm. The dimension of the non-capacitor chip is 32 ×61.40 µm. In the second step, the proposed circuit was simulated in ADS software and its frequency response and power consumption were checked. The simulation results show that with a load capacitor of 5 pF in the range frequency of 500 MHz, the negative capacitor is produced in the range of -1.5 to -20 pF, that is the power consumption is about 3.5 mW with a 1.8 V power supply. The wide frequency range of the negative capacitor, relatively low power consumption and good quality factor are the advantages of this design. Manuscript profile
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        5 - Sociological analysis comparing consumption patterns among job classes in the headquarters of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance and the Tax Affairs Organization of the country
        رضا قاسمی Bahram  Ghadimi Hadi Shirzad Zohreh Nikfarjam Fariba Shayegan
        Today, consumption has become one of the most important global issues. So that the position of consumption is so much that some people define the lifestyle based on it. At the end of the 20th century, consumption has become a multi-dimensional reality that, in addition More
        Today, consumption has become one of the most important global issues. So that the position of consumption is so much that some people define the lifestyle based on it. At the end of the 20th century, consumption has become a multi-dimensional reality that, in addition to the dimensions of economic requirements, has many cultural meanings and social requirements. Consumption patterns are stable social behaviors that exist in society in relation to the consumption of all kinds of goods, food, clothing and other cultural items. Therefore, consumption and consumption patterns have become an important issue in people's daily lives and play an important role in their lived experience and direction of their actions in various fields. Therefore, according to the importance of the subject, this research deals with the sociological analysis of the comparison of consumption patterns among occupational classes in the headquarters of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance and the Tax Affairs Organization of the country. The type of research was based on the applied nature and based on the analytical-survey method. A questionnaire was used to collect information. The results showed that the snack meal is observed more among diploma and sub-diploma people (occupational class 1). Less than half of the respondents pay attention to nutrients in food consumption, this issue is more evident among men and those who have sufficient income. The results showed that rice has the highest presence in the daily food basket of employees. On the other hand, the consumption of fish meat is less than other items. The consumption of soft drinks among the first occupational class and the consumption of red meat among the sixth occupational class (PhD) are more pronounced. People of the sixth class, who are part of the upper economic classes, consume less grains than othefrom othesociety. Manuscript profile
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        6 - CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL WATER CONSUMPTION REGARDING TO CLIMATE CHANGES
        حسین ابراهیمی
        Climate change and increase in the temperature are important ecological issue in human life which can affect regional agricultures. Evaporation, potential transpiration, and water requirements of the culture pattern in every region are affected by changes in the climate More
        Climate change and increase in the temperature are important ecological issue in human life which can affect regional agricultures. Evaporation, potential transpiration, and water requirements of the culture pattern in every region are affected by changes in the climates. The studied area is located between 36°00'N & 37°05'N, and 58°20'E & 60°08'E, with an average temperature of 12.5°C and annual precipitation of 278.6 mm. Results assert that water requirement has been ascending within the 50 recent years, especially during the second 25 years (1975-2000). Evapotranspiration for the 2000-2050 periods was calculated by means of The Global Climate Change Model. The ratio of the recent-50-year January to September monthly evapotranspiration to the coming same period is bigger than one; the 1.05-1.22 ratio indicates a 22 percent growth of water requirement in the period ending in 2050. The total net water requirements for the current culture pattern were estimated at 410 million m3 per year; while the figure for the next 50-year period -with a 19 percent of increment- will be 490 million m3. Water requirement for a majority of the culture pattern will be 22 percent up. The least increase was 14 percent, which was calculated for alfalfa. Exceeding the yearly available water supplies, in the changing conditions of climate, agricultural water consumption in the plain touches 1388.4 million m3. Given the climate change, the shortage will reach 198 percent in June and July. The present critical water shortage coefficient of 0.98 (yearly) and 2.4 (monthly) will go up to 1.15 and 2.4. These figures indicate extremely crucial conditions in the region. Findings assert that even optimistically assuming that the water supplies will be enduring, agricultural water consumption (i.e. the major type of consumption) will dramatically increase, due to the warming weather, climate change originated in industrialization, and greenhouse gasses; so managerial solutions are needed to tackle the problem. Manuscript profile
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        7 - The effects of the amount of water usage on quality and quantity of sugar beet cultivars
        اسماعیل نبی زاده
        Limitation of irrigation water during years with low rainfall has a remarkable impact on the root yield and income of sugar beet growers. In 2008 an experiment was conducted on the farm of Agricultural Faculty of Islamic Azad University, Mahabad in order to study the ef More
        Limitation of irrigation water during years with low rainfall has a remarkable impact on the root yield and income of sugar beet growers. In 2008 an experiment was conducted on the farm of Agricultural Faculty of Islamic Azad University, Mahabad in order to study the effects of amount of water usage on the quality and quantity of sugar beet. In this study three irrigation treatments; I1, I2 and I3 (8243,7419 and 6594 water use per ha) were applied to two sugar beet cultivars. The results showed that with the increase of the amount of water use from I1 to I2, root yield, impure sugar, root Na and the extractable sugar decreased, but the percentage of sugar and the amount of detrimental root Na increased significantly. The maximum root yield in L1 increased to 49.5 t/ha while it decreased to 31.06 t/ha in I3. With the decrease of irrigation water use the sugar yield decreased to 5.57 in I3 compared with 9.08 in I1. The amounts of Na and K in I2 were maximum whose accumulation in the roots of the two cultivars had a significant difference. In general, the results of the study showed that the yield could be assumed as a product of (root yield x impure sugar) and it is a criterion for the growers' income. The treatment I2 can be recommended for the conditions of the cities in the vicinity of Miyandoab Sugar Factory in order to obtain the maximum sugar yield and use the minimum water. Meanwhile, we have to consider the suitable cultivar for the areas. Manuscript profile
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        8 - Investigating the impact of the smart skin according to the location of the user on the amount of energy consumption in cold climate office use (case example of Tabriz city)
        zohre salavati majid shahbazi Zohreh Tarabi
        The shell of the building is one of the most key components of the building. Windows, which are part of the building shell, can play a significant role in reducing energy consumption and increasing the efficiency of natural lighting, which increases the health of the en More
        The shell of the building is one of the most key components of the building. Windows, which are part of the building shell, can play a significant role in reducing energy consumption and increasing the efficiency of natural lighting, which increases the health of the environment and users. But this does not mean that natural lighting will always reduce energy consumption, but it depends on many parameters. Today, the use of smart and moving facades to improve the light received by residents is known as an effective solution. In this research, the effect of smart facades on the amount of energy consumption in an office room in a cold climate has been investigated. In this research, the goal of the researchers is not to design a shell, but to provide a parametric method to reduce energy consumption. Therefore, the effectiveness or not of this method compared to its traditional mode, i.e. using curtains, has been evaluated. For this purpose, 5 different modes without curtain, closed curtain and three smart shell modes which are arranged in different types have been done. The results show that in the proposed modes of the smart shell, the energy consumption on the south and east fronts has improved by 40% and 65%, respectively, compared to the mode with curtains. Manuscript profile
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        9 - Conspicuous Consumption among Young Consumers: The Future of Consumerism
        Seyed Navid Noorbakhsh Pejman Jafari Farhad Ghaffari Yazdan Mansourian
        The relationship between youth and each of the major areas of life, including value priorities and its behavioral implications, can be studied as a subject of future studies. Setting Iran at the young age in terms of age trend population, the increase in urban populatio More
        The relationship between youth and each of the major areas of life, including value priorities and its behavioral implications, can be studied as a subject of future studies. Setting Iran at the young age in terms of age trend population, the increase in urban populations, the existence of class divisions and the importance of materialistic values in today's city life, has led to creating a scene in the city to showcase the consumption of luxury goods. The present research seeks to investigate the relationship between individual self (versus relational self and collective self) with the materialism and conspicuous consumption, as well as, the impact of materialism on conspicuous consumption. Furthermore, researchers have studied the difference between young boys and girls from the aspect of materialism and conspicuous consumption in fashion and clothing. The research method was a survey and data collection was done through a questionnaire. The statistical population of the present study was all young consumers living in north of Tehran. The required data is collected from a sample of 395 subjects and finally, for data analysis simple linear regression and multivariate analysis of variance have been used. According to the results, materialism has had a positive impact on conspicuous consumption of fashion goods and apparel, and the materialism and conspicuous consumption of this category of products in young girls were more than young boys. There was also no relationship between the individual self with materialism and conspicuous consumption. Of course, the results show a high level of individualism in the statistical society. Manuscript profile
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        10 - An Analysis of the Energy Consumption Status in the Framework of Future Study Case Study: Tabriz City
        Abolfazl Ghanbari Musa Vaezi Zahra Amjadi
        Background: The increasing importance of energy resources in the formation and growth of economic processes, as well as the need to exploit these resources, based on environmental considerations and sustainable economic and social development, highlights the issue of id More
        Background: The increasing importance of energy resources in the formation and growth of economic processes, as well as the need to exploit these resources, based on environmental considerations and sustainable economic and social development, highlights the issue of identifying and Future Study of the factors affecting energy consumption. Objective: The present research studies the status of energy consumption in Tabriz city in the framework of Foresight. Methods: This research is applied and descriptive-analytic. The Delphi method and the group of experts have been used to identify the factors affecting energy consumption. After analyzing the factors, 40 factors were identified and selected as influential factors. Using MICMAC software, the interactive effects analysis method has been identified. Finally, out of 40 factors, 16 main factors were selected as effective key proponents. Findings: Based on the data included in the questionnaire and the Wizard scenario software analysis, there are five strong scenarios, of which two scenarios are desirable conditions, a scenario of critical conditions, and two other scenarios of intermediate conditions. 13 scenarios with high adaptability and 292 poor scenarios. Initial studies of 13 scenarios show that the relative relativity of undesirable numbers is favorable on desired conditions. Apart from a few limited scenarios that have the characteristics that are desirable and progressing, the rest of the scenarios do not have a good future. Conclusion: The main result of this research is that the future energy consumption situation in Tabriz will continue to be a continuation of the current situation with an unfavorable and unfavorable situation. Manuscript profile
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        11 - dentification of the most important factors in the decision making of consumers in choosing domestic products with the aim of improving the pattern of using Iranian goods (In line with the year of support for national production)
        Firozeh HajialiAkbari narges sadighian
        The pattern of consumption of households is changing over time through cultural, social and income developments, and it is expected that, as a consequence, producers and economic planners will move in line with the market and meet the needs of production, import of good More
        The pattern of consumption of households is changing over time through cultural, social and income developments, and it is expected that, as a consequence, producers and economic planners will move in line with the market and meet the needs of production, import of goods and, in general, the kind of attitude to Construct consumer goods in a realistic and consistent manner with accurate statistics and information. The main objective of this study is to identify and prioritize the most important factors influencing consumer decisions in choosing domestic products with the aim of presenting a pattern of consumption of Iranian goods in the future. The research method is Delphi method, which was conducted by interviewing 34 consumers who had the knowledge and knowledge about Iranian and foreign products. The variables were extracted and after making the questionnaire and verifying its validity, and calculating the geometric mean of the most repetitive variables Consensus was made using MICMAC software. Data analysis and analysis were finalized. Based on the final model presented in the study, it was found that seven variables have the most effect on the tendency of consumers to use Iranian goods. Include: quality, price, product function, packaging, regret after purchase (doubts), Design and warranty, which Iranian manufacturers of goods can use to prioritize these factors in the direction of production and market entry.   Manuscript profile
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        12 - Developing a framework for assessing brand love among Iranian consumers by analyzing its antecedents and consequences
        somayeh alinejad masoud keimasi mohammad ali shahhoseini
        The purpose of this study is to develop a model for identifying the dimensions of brand love measurement, antecedents and consequences of brand love among Iranian consumers. In this research, the researcher used a qualitative analysis method. For this purpose, the devel More
        The purpose of this study is to develop a model for identifying the dimensions of brand love measurement, antecedents and consequences of brand love among Iranian consumers. In this research, the researcher used a qualitative analysis method. For this purpose, the development of the brand love model has been used through a qualitative research method by interview with a sample of 106 consumers. The data analyzed by theme analysis technique, and then the brand love model has been developed based on the grounded theory. The results of qualitative analysis show that the structure of brand love among Iranian consumers is measured through 14 dimensions (Trust, Declaration of affect, Functional perceptions, Dreams, Attraction, Memories, Self-congruity, Satisfaction, Beauty, Intimacy, Pleasure, Duration of the relationship, Uniqueness and Attachment). Brand identification, brand trust and brand image are known as brand love antecedents. As well as brand commitment, brand loyalty, word of mouth and willingness to pay a price premium as a consequences of brand love. Manuscript profile
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        13 - Macro analysis of decision making models predicting consumer buying behavior
        seyedmohammadhosein mousavi Karimkarim Hamdi hosein vazifehvoust
        10.30495/jmfr.2022.19494
        Background: The duties of university graduates in the field of marketing management are to present a strategic plan with a forward-looking perspective on consumer behavior as a model for empowering marketers and consumers in particular.Purpose: In this research paper, i More
        Background: The duties of university graduates in the field of marketing management are to present a strategic plan with a forward-looking perspective on consumer behavior as a model for empowering marketers and consumers in particular.Purpose: In this research paper, it is attempted to investigate the models of predicting consumer buying behavior with macro analysis in physical and virtual space. First, the rules and process of purchasing decision models, and then the formulation of a variety of decision models with the prevailing antimatter in the physical and virtual global competitive environment, with the help of interaction and exchange science and information science and technology.Methods: In order to achieve the results of the research, by designing a questionnaire with a statistical population of 346 people and a five-point Likert scale with 5 subscales, also a questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha of 0.754, using SPSS statistical software and two statistical tests. Significance, standardization and appropriate fit of the selected questions model for the factors under investigation were confirmed by the LISREL Confirmatory Factor Analysis indices of 2.22 df / 2x.Results: For this purpose, the data of exploratory factor analysis using chi-square test with significance level of 0.000 and KMO index for sample adequacy is 0.765.Conclusion: By using From equity statistics, And the matrix of agent rotation, two main factors with two-factor behavioral agents, and three-factor stimuli, with more than 63% of the variance were identified and extracted. Manuscript profile
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        14 - Designing a Mathematical Model for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Advertising Media on Consumer Behavior
        S. Khanmohammadi M. Mohammadi
        Advertising is one of the critical factors for success of any organization, so that advertising plans isimplemented with regarding effective factors such as marketing mix, environmental factors and marketinggoals in consumer's buying decision making process. In This pap More
        Advertising is one of the critical factors for success of any organization, so that advertising plans isimplemented with regarding effective factors such as marketing mix, environmental factors and marketinggoals in consumer's buying decision making process. In This paper a dynamic model for evaluating theeffectiveness of using advertising media is introduced. In this model the media planning is employed basedon internal and environmental parameters of organizations and their interactions, by using the expert’sconsults as linguistic fuzzy values. A multiple criteria decision making model is used to assign optimalbudget to advertising media. Manuscript profile
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        15 - Design of a Mathematical Model for Production and Delivery Planning in the Supply Chain Systems.
        M. Aryanejad M. Modiri
        The 1980s witnessed the establishment of many new production strategies, including Just-in-timemanufacturing, Lean manufacturing, Kanban systems, and Total quality management. (TQM)These strategies have been applied by many companies to improve system management, enhanc More
        The 1980s witnessed the establishment of many new production strategies, including Just-in-timemanufacturing, Lean manufacturing, Kanban systems, and Total quality management. (TQM)These strategies have been applied by many companies to improve system management, enhance productand process quality, and reduce operating and inventory costs, in order to better compete in differentmarkets.Recently, however, the strategies have focused more on improving supply chain management to achievethese goals. Many of the advances in supply chain management can be analyzed with the aid of a computer.Computer – aided decision - support tools play a very important role in assisting and supporting decisionmakers managing a complex supply chain system.This dissertation develops a computer - aided decision - support tool: an integer linear optimization modelof a deterministic multi - item, multi - stage, multi - period, capacitated, with deterministic demandgeneralized network supply chain system. The model uses a kanban control system to plan and allocateproduction and delivery throughout the supply chain - The main objective of the model is to minimize thecost of Kanban injection, the cost of finished goods inventory, and the cost of work - in - process inventoryin the system. Practical problems of supply chain systems with associated optimal production and deliveryallocation are also presented. Manuscript profile
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        16 - Colour Performance Online: A Study of 8 Colours in Banner Ads and Backgrounds in Defined Conditions
        H. Vazifedoost M. Carey
        In the hazardous environment of contemporary business, online ventures need to predict the performance oftheir websites; where everything can be gauged in terms of their audience's behaviour in reaction to onlineexposure. Designing interfaces without having a good conce More
        In the hazardous environment of contemporary business, online ventures need to predict the performance oftheir websites; where everything can be gauged in terms of their audience's behaviour in reaction to onlineexposure. Designing interfaces without having a good conception of website components is just a leap in thedark. Intuitive drawing up a patchwork of fonts, words, images, sound, animations, colours, functional parts,etc. may not always bear the exquisite fruit. Nor does ad hoc imagination with trial and error unfailingly letthis merry-go-round go round. Designers need to enjoy guidelines which can't lead them on!Colour is the first factor we focused on, from a log file analysis point of view; to be continued by other ringsof the chain, hopefully moving towards a comprehensive online consumer behaviour model. Manuscript profile
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        17 - Navigational Characteristics Effectiveness of Web Sites on Consumer Behavior and Pre-Purchase Intentions
        K. Hamdi K. Heidarzadeh B. Khodayari
        As internet usage increases world wide, one important objective of firms on the web is effectivecommunications with consumer.This study looks at the factors that can affect customers’ purchase & sale website, and it models the behaviorof consumers when they ar More
        As internet usage increases world wide, one important objective of firms on the web is effectivecommunications with consumer.This study looks at the factors that can affect customers’ purchase & sale website, and it models the behaviorof consumers when they are confronted with the navigational characteristics of an internet site. The model ofconsumers’ web navigational behavior designed by Marie-odile Richard and Ramdas Chandra are taken intoaccount to empirically test. Factors in this study are:Challenge, skills, Interactivity, Reasons to visit a website, need for cognition, optimum stimulation level,Navigational cues, site involvement, Exploratory behavior, Attitudes toward the site, pre Purchase intentions.The data were collected online from the home page of on Iraneservice site.We use structural equations modeling to test 10 major hypotheses and 28 sub hypotheses. Statistical analysisof this research is done using Lisrel& SPSS software.The findings generally indicate, what type of consumers (according to their skills, challenge, need forcognition, optimum stimulation level, etc.) are more likely to seek product related information from theinternet, what is the influence of navigational characteristics, and under what circumstances the engage inthis activity (reasons to visit a web site).In addition, with know the positioning of information search in the buying decision process, if marketers canidentify which consumer segments in their market niche rely more heavily on navigational characteristics,and how to decrease the difficulty of navigating on their site for novice surfers. Manuscript profile
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        18 - Architecture as a Political Expression: The Impact of Political Contexts and Purposes on the Architectural Activities of Bahri’s Mamluks (1250-1382
        Zahra Habibi Fariba Pat Negar Zeilabi
        10.30495/jhcin.2022.20097
        A number of architectural activities in Egypt during the Mamluks period were influenced by the political context and the goals and factors that associated with it. These contexts added elements and styles to the architecture and provided an area for increasing the numbe More
        A number of architectural activities in Egypt during the Mamluks period were influenced by the political context and the goals and factors that associated with it. These contexts added elements and styles to the architecture and provided an area for increasing the number of buildings with such as characteristics. The aim of this research is answer the questions by descriptive-analytical and statistical methods: how did political factors affect the architecture of Mamluks in Egypt? Which buildings were created under the influence of these factors? Findings show that factors and goals such as political legitimacy, domination of society, maintaining government and wealth, turning Egypt into the center of the caliphate, and the question of identity, led the country to increase architectural activities.Also, buildings such as ṭibāq, Jām‛, madrasah, khānqāh, zāwiyah, ḥamām, ribāṭ, sabīl-kuttāb and tombs and structures such as squares and bridges are among the buildings that emerged under the influence of political contexts in Egypt. Manuscript profile
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        19 - Rebellion and Conversion: Christian Copts and Muslim Rulers in Egypt, the Second and Third Centuries A. H.
        معصومعلی پنجه
        A series of riots took place in Egypt by Christian Copts against theUmayyad and Abbasid rulers since 107 to 216 A. H. In this paper, thecontext, causes and consequences of the riots have been investigated.It is apparent that gradual changes in the financial and the land More
        A series of riots took place in Egypt by Christian Copts against theUmayyad and Abbasid rulers since 107 to 216 A. H. In this paper, thecontext, causes and consequences of the riots have been investigated.It is apparent that gradual changes in the financial and the landholdingsystems, which were started in the Abdul Aziz ibn Marwan's reigncontinued to be completed in the Hisham ibn Abdul Malik's era.Increasing tax was pursued by Copts riots in Egypt. The riots werefruitless for Copts, as the taxes never cut, but it was another way;converting to Islam and absorbing into Islamic-Arabic Society inEgypt Manuscript profile
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        20 - Causes of Fatimid Educational-Promotional Centers’ Failure in the Development of Ismaili Sect in Egypt
        احمد بادکوبة هزاوه زینب فضلی
        After moving Fatimid Capital to Cairo (362 A.H.), Ismailipropagation system was organized in the form of promotionaleducationalinstitutions like Madjālis al-Hikma, Djāmi’ al-Azhar andDar al-’ilm. Though, these institutions were not so successful in theirmiss More
        After moving Fatimid Capital to Cairo (362 A.H.), Ismailipropagation system was organized in the form of promotionaleducationalinstitutions like Madjālis al-Hikma, Djāmi’ al-Azhar andDar al-’ilm. Though, these institutions were not so successful in theirmission. Consideration of this failure could be important in theexplanation of Fatimids’ weakness in establishing Ismaili sect inEgypt. Complicated Ismaili beliefs and its hierarchical system whichmade difficulties in people’s conversion to it, and uncoordinatedpromotional activities of al-Azhar and Dār al-’ilm, are of the causesof this failure Manuscript profile
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        21 - Political System, Organization and Governmental Institutes of the Tūlūnīds
        هادی عالم زاده معصومعلی پنجه
        Tūlūnīds were among the small states which were founded during theweakening and disintegration of the Abassids caliphate. Since anefficient bureaucracy is and essential part of every government,Tūlūnīd rulers especially Ahmad and Khomaroyeh, along preserving
        Tūlūnīds were among the small states which were founded during theweakening and disintegration of the Abassids caliphate. Since anefficient bureaucracy is and essential part of every government,Tūlūnīd rulers especially Ahmad and Khomaroyeh, along preserving Manuscript profile
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        22 - The Religious-Ethnic Approach in the Futūḥ-Writings of the Islamic Period; A Study on Futūḥ Al-Miṣr va Akhbāruha by Ibn ‘Abd al-Hakam
        Mohammad Taqavi
        10.30495/jhcin.2022.20617
        Futūḥ Misr va Akhbāruha by Ibn Abd Al-Hakam is one of the works on Futūh in Early Islamic Historiography that was written about Western Islamic Lands, especially Egypt. The pioneering nature of this book, which historians have used since then, makes it necessary to obta More
        Futūḥ Misr va Akhbāruha by Ibn Abd Al-Hakam is one of the works on Futūh in Early Islamic Historiography that was written about Western Islamic Lands, especially Egypt. The pioneering nature of this book, which historians have used since then, makes it necessary to obtain the historical approach of Ibn Abd Al-Hakam and what affecting his historiography. This issue has been considered in this research with a partial view of the narratives of the mentioned book. On this basis, firstly, the importance of historical information of this book in the course of Islamic Futūḥ-writings has been examined and then based on ethnic and religious-jurisprudential attitudes that can be recognized in the historical thought of Ibn-Abd al-Hakim, his way of narrating the process of Muslim conquests in Egypt is studied. In many cases, those attitudes have been used in parallel with each other in the book's narrations Manuscript profile
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        23 - The Encroachments on the Endowed Lands in the Mamlūks Egypt: Consequences and Reactions
        قدریه تاج بخش
        This article is a study on the Egypt endowed lands in the Mamluks era. The Mamluk officers formed a type of military dictatorship by absolute control over their Iqta’at and their profits. Consequently, they had always curbed the power of Sultans and later on, the More
        This article is a study on the Egypt endowed lands in the Mamluks era. The Mamluk officers formed a type of military dictatorship by absolute control over their Iqta’at and their profits. Consequently, they had always curbed the power of Sultans and later on, the powerful emirs were not satisfied with their own incomes and farms and invaded some of endowed lands. Furthermore, the military nature of the generals leads them to employ other political-economic methods, such as bribery to the endowed supervisors, aiming to increase their wealth and power. Therefore, Mamluk sultans took various policies in order to restrain and control the excessive power of Emirs and prevent their encroachments. For instance: taking endowed and habous from Shaf’ids and instead, giving them to the sultan, regent or one of the country, s reliable leader, such as Davādār Kabir; separating the duties of the dīvāns of endowed and habous to control the endowed lands and appointing the supervisors of endowed lands by Sultan, were among the fruitless policies which caused the corruption and the social rebels. Manuscript profile
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        24 - Fatimids’ Marine Force
        عبدالله ناصری طاهری جواد فتحی
        Establishment of Fatimid state in the south of Mediterranean Sealed them show great diligence in strengthening marine force,manufacturing ships and supplying marine equipments, in order todevelop their power in the sea’s arena. They, also, establish aministry to m More
        Establishment of Fatimid state in the south of Mediterranean Sealed them show great diligence in strengthening marine force,manufacturing ships and supplying marine equipments, in order todevelop their power in the sea’s arena. They, also, establish aministry to manage marine force affairs. This article considersdifferent aspects of Fatimids’ marine force. Manuscript profile
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        25 - The Role of Iranian 'Ulama in Sunni Consolidation in Ayyubids Egypt
        حسین مفتخری علیرضا اشتری تفرشی علی رجب لو محمد حسین منظور الاجداد
        The collapse of Fatimids and the Ayyubids' coming to power in 567AH was the beginning of a process which transferred a lot ofachievements of Islamic civilization from Iran into Egypt. In otherword, the replacement of Isma'ili Fatimid Caliphate with a sunnisultanate loya More
        The collapse of Fatimids and the Ayyubids' coming to power in 567AH was the beginning of a process which transferred a lot ofachievements of Islamic civilization from Iran into Egypt. In otherword, the replacement of Isma'ili Fatimid Caliphate with a sunnisultanate loyal to Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad caused constructiverelationships between the sunni Iran and the sunni Egypt. Animportant aspect of this relationship was the migration of some groupsof Iranian 'ulama into Egypt who were there mainly involved in therecently changed system of education and the new sunni court ofAyyubids. This migration not only transferred a lot of achievements ofIslamic civilization into Egypt, but also caused some political,intellectual and social evolutions there and introduced a new class ofsunni elite in Egyptian society. Manuscript profile
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        26 - Conversion of Copts to Islam in Bahrī Mamluks period: Contexts, Causes & Consequences
        معصومعلی پنجه
        Egypt Bahrī Mamluks period was a witness of the Conversion ofCoptic Christians to Islam. The Dominance of Copts on governmental[institutions] divans led to growing the hates of both culama andMuslim people as well as occasionally rising some rebellions againsethe govern More
        Egypt Bahrī Mamluks period was a witness of the Conversion ofCoptic Christians to Islam. The Dominance of Copts on governmental[institutions] divans led to growing the hates of both culama andMuslim people as well as occasionally rising some rebellions againsethe government accompanied with rebellions of Muslims withindifferent periods of riots. The rebellions made to governors the issueorders for the sake of applying of “Ordinances of Umar (Al- Shurut al-Umariyya)” in the Coptic society. Having shown reaction, a numberof Copts tried to show appeara superficial intend to Islam and to makethemselves free from the limitation caused by such the rules, whilethey continued their relations with their previous coreligionists. Suchsuperficial acceptance of Islam resulted the growing anger of Muslimswhich leading to the rebellion of 755 A.H. which became a thueat tothe life and the social security of Copts. Therefore a great number ofthem turned towards Islam and joined to Muslims. The mentionedtendencies separated Copts from divan and, generally, the structure ofthe political power in Egypt and limited their number. Manuscript profile
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        27 - Historiography of Ibn Aybak in Kanz al-Durar
        اسماعیل چنگیزی
        Kanz Al Durar wa Djami’ Al Ghurar, a general history in ninevolumes compiled by Ibn Aybak Al Dawadari, a lesser knownMamlukid historian, contains a comprehensiveaccount of the historyof ruling dynasties of Egypt from Islamic conquest to thetime of thewriter. His c More
        Kanz Al Durar wa Djami’ Al Ghurar, a general history in ninevolumes compiled by Ibn Aybak Al Dawadari, a lesser knownMamlukid historian, contains a comprehensiveaccount of the historyof ruling dynasties of Egypt from Islamic conquest to thetime of thewriter. His close relation with Mamluks as a high ranking officialinthe court of Mamluk rulers facilitated his access to governmentaldocuments andarchives and made his work a well documented historyespecially on the tow lastvolumes which are dealing with events of hiscontemporary period. This historymainly consists on political, militaryand literary issues but Ibn Aybak has alsothe social, economical andcultural events in his consideration. The author of thepresent articlehas studied Kanz Al Durar from a critical view and evaluateditsimportance in historiography of Egypt under Mamluks. Manuscript profile
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        28 - Aragon and Castile’s Trade Relationship with Baybars, and Pop’s Economic Sanctions against Egypt
        احمد B.Hazaveh GH Tajbakhsh
        Indicating how two European states, Aragon and Castile, started traderelationship with the East, this article is to investigate the causes oftheir trade contracts with Baybars, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, and theeffects of Pop Gregory X’s economic sanctions because of More
        Indicating how two European states, Aragon and Castile, started traderelationship with the East, this article is to investigate the causes oftheir trade contracts with Baybars, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, and theeffects of Pop Gregory X’s economic sanctions because of these traderelationships. Mongol’s domination of Asian main trade roads, andthen, Ilkhanids’ hostility with Golden Horde led to insecurity of traderoad from China to the Europe, and it was replaced by China-Europemarine trade route which was Red Sea-Mediterranean Sea, and wasredoubled the importance of Mamluks due to their domination ofsome parts of this Marine route. Therefore, Aragon and Castile wereforced to improve their trade relationship with Baybars, in order toprovide their needs from the Far East. Because of Aragon andCastile’s being in need of Baybars help, Pop’s economic sanctions hadnot any considerable effect on these trade relationships. Manuscript profile
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        29 - Volney's Journal of Travel and Its Impact on Napoleon Bonaparte's Campaign to Egypt
        Sayyed Kamal KeshikNevis Razavi Abdollah Hemmati Golyan
        For understanding the Orient, the journals of travels were the important sources for Europeans. The number of those journals had steadily increased from the eighteenth century in which there is a report of the visit of Constantine Francois de Chassebœuf Volney to More
        For understanding the Orient, the journals of travels were the important sources for Europeans. The number of those journals had steadily increased from the eighteenth century in which there is a report of the visit of Constantine Francois de Chassebœuf Volney to Egypt And Syria (1785-1783). In his journal, particularly the Egyptian section, he is mainly aware of the various aspects of the land, including Egyptian rulers, the climate, business, people's lives, and so on. While the information of his journal had an impact on the Napoleon campaign, the researchers such as Edward Saeed emphasized strongly on it. This article gives a review on the Egyptian part of Volney travel journal and prove that the information of that had affected the Napoleon invasion of Egypt. References Ḳurʾān-i Karīm. Abū Ghunaym, ʿAbdallāh Yūsuf, Maṣādir al- Bakrī wa Manhadjuhu al- Djughrāfī, Kuwait,  Dhāt al- Salāsil, 1996/ 1374. Aledavoud, Seyed Ali, “Ḥāfiẓ Ābrū”, Dāirat al- Maārif-i Buzurg-i Islāmī, Kazem Mousavi-Bojnourdi (as supervisor), Vol.20, Tehran, The Centre For The Great Islamic Encyclopedia, 2013/ 1392. Anṣārī Dimashḳī, Shams al- Dīn Muḥammad b. Abī Ṭālib, Nukhbat al- Dahr Fī Adjāib al- Barr wa  al- Baḥr, Trans. Hamid Tabibiyan, Tehran, Asāṭīr, 1382/ 2003. Bakri, Abdallāh b. ʿAbd al ʿAzīz, al- Masālik  wal- mamālik, Revised by Van Leeuwen & André Ferré, Beirut, Dār al- Maghrib al- Islāmī, 1993/ 1371. Ibid, Mudjam Mā Istadjam min Asmā al- Bilād wa al- Mawāḍi, Revised by Muṣṭafa Saḳḳām, Beirut, ʿĀlam al- Kitāb, 1403 AH/ 1982 AD. Ḍabbī, Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā b. Aḥmad b. ʿAmīra, Bughyat al- Multamis Fī Taʾrīkh Ridjāl Ahl al- Andalus, Madrid, Maṭbaʿat Rūkhas, 1884/ 1262. Dastgerdi, Vahid, “ʿĀdat Ṭabīʾat-i Thānawī Ast”, Armaghān, Vol. 22, No. 8 & 9, October & November 1941/ 1320. Djiyhānī, Abū al- Ḳāsim Aḥmad, Ashkāl al- Ālam, Revised by Firooz Mansouri, Tehran, Āstān-i Ḳuds- i Raḍawī, 1368/ 1989. Fazli Nejad, Ahmad, “Iran Zamiīn dar Tārīkh-Nigārī- yi Īlkhānān wa Mamālīk”, Pazhūhish- hā- yi Tārīkhī- i Iran wa Islām, Fall & Winter 2015- 2014/ 1393, No. 15. Ḥādjī Khalīfa, Muṣṭafa b. ʿAbdallāh, Djahān- Namā, Istanbul, 2008/ 1386. Ḥudūd al- Ālam min al- Mashriḳ ilal-, Maghrib Revised by Yūsuf al- Ḥādī, Cairo, Dār al- Thaḳafiyya li- Nashr, 1423 AH/ 2002 AD. Ibn Abbār, Abī ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad b. ʿAbdallāh b. Abī Bakr al- Ḳuḍāʿī,  al- Ḥulla al- Siyarā, Revised by Ḥusayn Muʾnis, Cairo, 1963/ 1341. Ibn al- Faḳīh, Aḥmad b. Muḥammad, al- Buldān, Revised by Yūsuf al- Hādī, Beirut, 1996 AD/ 1416 AH. Ibn Ḥawḳal,Abū al- Ḳāsim Muḥammad, Ṣurat al- Arḍ, Beirut, Dār al- Ṣādir, 1938/ 1316. Ibn Ḥawḳal, Ṣurat al- Arḍ, Trans. Jafar Shoar, Tehran, Amīrkabīr, 1366, 1987. Ibn Khurdadhbih, ʿUbaydallāh b. ʿAbdallāh, al- Masālik wa al- Mamālik, Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1992/ 1370. Ibn Rusta, Aḥmad b. ʿUmar, al- Alāḳ al- Nafīsa wa Kitāb al- Buldān , Beirut, Dār al- Ṣādir,1892/ 1270. Ibn Saʿīd al- Maghribī, ʿAlī b. Mūsā, al- Mughrib fī Ḥulya al- Maghrib, Revised by Manṣūr Khalīl ʿUmrān, Dār al- Kutub al- ʿIlmiyya, Beirut, 1997/ 1375. Iṣṭakhrī, Abū Isḥāḳ Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad, al- Masālik wa al- Mamālik, Revised by Aḥmad b. Sahl, Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1927/ 1305. al- Istibṣār fī Adjāib al- amṣār, Revised by ʿAbd al- Ḥamīd Saʿd Zaghlūl, Baghdad, Dār al- ShuThaḳāfiyya, 1986/ 1364. Krachkovskii, Ignatii Iulianovich, Tārīkh-Niwishta- hā- yi Djughrāfiyā dar Djahān- i Islām (Istoriia arabskoi geograficheskoi literatury), Trans. Abul-Qasim Payandeh, Tehran, Intishārāt- i ʿIlmī wa Farhangī, 1379/ 2001. Krawulsky, Dorothea., “Iḥyā- yi Nām- i Iran dar ʿAhd-i Īlkhānān- i Mughūl”, History of Foreign Relations, Trans. Ali Bahramian, Vol.1, No.1, Winter 2000/ 1378. Ḳudāma b. Djaʿfar, Nabdh Min Kitāb al- Kharādj wa Ṣanāat al- Kitābah, Leiden, Brill, 1889/ 1267. Maḳdisī, Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad b. Aḥmad, Aḥsan al- Taḳāsīm fī Marifat al- Aḳālīm, Beirut, Dār al- Ṣādir, (Und.). Maḳdisī, Mutahhar b. Ṭāhir, al- Bad wa l- Tarīkh, Maktaba al- Thaḳāfa al- Dīnīyya, (Und.). Masʿūdī, Murūdj al-Dhahab wa- Maādin al- Djawhar, Revised by Asʿad Dāghir, Qom, Dār al- Hidjra, 1409 AH/ 1988 AD. Reza, Enayatollah, “Idrīsī, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad”, Dāirat al- Maārif-i Buzurg-i Islāmī, Kazem Mousavi-Bojnourdi(as supervisor), Vol.7, Tehran, The Centre For The Great Islamic Encyclopedia, 1375/ 1996. Ibid, “Abū ʿUbayd Bakrī”, Dāirat al- Maārif-i Buzurg-i Islāmī, Vol.20, Tehran, The Centre For The Great Islamic Encyclopedia, 1372/ 1993. Shoar, Jafar, “Ibn Ḥawḳal”, Dāirat al- Maārif-i Buzurg-i Islāmī, Kazem Mousavi-Bojnourdi(as supervisor), Vol.3, Tehran, The Centre For The Great Islamic Encyclopedia, 1374/ 1995. Al-Suyūṭī, Ḥāfiẓ Djalāl al- Dīn Abd al- Raḥmān, Bughyat Wuāt fī Tabaḳāt al- Lughawiyyīn wa- l- Nuḥāt, Revised by Muḥammad abū l- Faḍl Ibrāhīm, Īsā al- Bābī al- Ḥalabī wa- Shirkā, 1384 AH/ 1964 AD. Ṭabarī, Abū Djaʿfar Muḥammad b. Djarīr, Tarīkh al- Umam wa al- Mulūk, Revised by Muḥammad abū l- Faḍl Ibrāhīm, Beirut, Dār al- Turāth, 1387 AH/ 1967 AD. Tavana, Mina, Iran wa Iraq dar al- Masālik wa al- Mamālik- i Bakrī: Barrisī- yi Intiḳādī, Master's degree Thesis (History & Civilization of Islamic Nations), Younes Farahmand as Supervisor, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, 2015/ 1394. Yāḳūt Hamawī, Mudjam al- Buldān, Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1995/ 1373. Zamakhsharī, Abū al- Ḳāsim Maḥmūd b. ʿUmar, al- Djibāl wa al- Miyāh wa al- Amkina( al- Amkina wa al- Djibāl wa al- Miyāh), Leiden, Brill, 1855/ 1233.                             Manuscript profile
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        30 - khitatnigari in islamic Egypt
        M.A Panle
        A great amount of historical, geographical and literary knowledge of Islamic Egypt  has been assembled in the works written in the genre of Khital. This genre of historiography in Egypt which was begun by Ibn ‘Abd il- Hakam , was raised to its summit by Makri More
        A great amount of historical, geographical and literary knowledge of Islamic Egypt  has been assembled in the works written in the genre of Khital. This genre of historiography in Egypt which was begun by Ibn ‘Abd il- Hakam , was raised to its summit by Makrizi and began to wane in Ali Pasha Mubarak. In this article, in three parts  - Khitatnigari before Makrizi´s Khitat and Khitatnigari after Makrizi – We introduce the books on Khitat and study the status of Khitatnigari in the historiography of Islamic Egypt. Manuscript profile
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        31 - The Commercial Relations between Egypt and Venice in the Borji Mamluk Era
        ahmadreza motevalli
        10.30495/jhcin.2020.16299
        The present paper focuses on the vicissitudes in commercial relations between Egypt and Venice in Borji Mamluk (784- 923 H.) that caused by internal and external factors. The most important forces were the attack of Timur to Syria and the fall of Constantinople by ottom More
        The present paper focuses on the vicissitudes in commercial relations between Egypt and Venice in Borji Mamluk (784- 923 H.) that caused by internal and external factors. The most important forces were the attack of Timur to Syria and the fall of Constantinople by ottomans. Both factors resulted in the unsafety of all connecting roads and so the trading through Red Sea boomed and also the business between Egypt and Venice was improved. In contrary, sometime certain meddling of some kings and princes in trading and hoarding of goods as well as frauds and swooning which coincided with pirates’ attacks caused drastic falls in above mentioned relation between Venice and Egypt. In certain periods new discoveries by Portuguese in some routes between Europe and Asia brought them a profitable trade of spices and other Asian products which in turn caused tangible losses for Venice and Egypt. Manuscript profile
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        32 - An Overview of the Impact of Content ‌ Advertising on social media on Customers' Intentions to buy in home businesses
        Parima Khanbabaei naser azad Fattaneh Alizadeh Meshkani
        Brand development and management is a top priority for many organizations because the brand is one of the most valuable assets for organizations. In order to achieve a competitive advantage, the marketing activities considered in these organizations must have an effecti More
        Brand development and management is a top priority for many organizations because the brand is one of the most valuable assets for organizations. In order to achieve a competitive advantage, the marketing activities considered in these organizations must have an effective approach and the brand-related marketing communications must be in line with the marketing strategies. Similarly, researchers have done a great deal of research to understand the factors influencing brand development and management. With the advent of social media and its growing popularity, brands are also using social media as an effective channel to spread marketing communication messages, which has created a new type of communication, which is used in the best way and has become an important turning point. Has been created to successfully create and maintain a brand image, and has provided new opportunities to share brand-related information. Definitely one of the most important marketing communication tools that play a key role in consumer behavior and purchasing decisions is the content of brand advertising. Therefore, this study examines the impact of content on social media advertising on consumer behavioral intent. Manuscript profile
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        33 - The Ethnography of women`s Audiences of the Seri of Omre Gol Lale»
        سمانه مهرپرور
        In this Article the way of female audiences’ perception and analysis of watching “Omer Gol Laleh” series is studied. There are three main questions that the study answered to: “what are the female audience’s reasons and motivations of watch More
        In this Article the way of female audiences’ perception and analysis of watching “Omer Gol Laleh” series is studied. There are three main questions that the study answered to: “what are the female audience’s reasons and motivations of watching the "Omer Gol Laleh" series?”,“What is the female audience’s  perception of the text of this series?” to Answer these questions the theories of “Perception”, “Active audiences”, “Media consumption and daily life”, “Community concept” and “Ritualization of society” is  used. To study the audiences’ sociological behaviors and watching patterns, the “qualitative research” method and “depth interview” technique is used. The statistic sample of this research consists of 20 persons from the 20to 50 years-old- female audiences. The results show that the audiences chose this serial with different reasons such as becoming calm, escaping from difficulties, entertaining, and getting familiar with other cultures. According to their daily habits, Female audiences have different perception from this series. Constant watching of this series has made some opportunities to them to talk to each other about the series. Female audiences, with the help of the stories’ characteristics, released from their routine life and entered to an ideal one. Cooperating with the ideal life of the story is enjoyable for the female audiences. The imagination that exists in this series entered to their lives and finally became their ritual habit. Manuscript profile
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        34 - Pathology of Radio Salam Savalan Program
        ali jafari
        This study pathology radio program Hello Savalan and solutions were used to attract more audiences. This research method is descriptive – survey. The study consisted of cetizen of Ardabil, among which 384 were selected by Cochran. The data were collected using the More
        This study pathology radio program Hello Savalan and solutions were used to attract more audiences. This research method is descriptive – survey. The study consisted of cetizen of Ardabil, among which 384 were selected by Cochran. The data were collected using the five dimensions of the audience, taking family, religious identity, national identity and happiness. Content validity was determined using the expertise and reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient . . After gathering research data analysis using software Spss and one-sample t-test and Friedman test. The results indicated that 68% of the audience has attracted Salam Savalan. Salam Savalan lifestyle modification program performance in audience average to low, medium and high strengthen religious identity, in strengthening national identity and create joy and happiness in the average to low average audience is up. Salam Savalan's pathology suggests that create happiness in the audience was of the utmost importance and strength of the program And reduce the consumption of households with the lowest importance and is a point of weakness program. In second place in terms of importance, religious identity and national identity are in third place. Proposals in this regard was presented. In second place in terms of importance, religious identity and national identity are in third place. Proposals in this regard was presented. Manuscript profile
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        35 - بررسی رابطه میان تماشای تبلیغات تلویزیون با میزان مصرف گرایی
        لیلا نیرومند سمیه تاجیک اسماعیلی نازنین ملکیان سبیکه شاه کوهی
        Manuscript profile
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        36 - Multi-Screen Media Consumption and Strategies Ahead
        Omid Jahanshahi Vahid Aghamohseni
        In this descriptive study, we have tried to investigate the evolvement of the media industry from the perspective of changes in media consumption specially television consumption. Thus, by reviewing the current and emerging situation of media industry and the growth of More
        In this descriptive study, we have tried to investigate the evolvement of the media industry from the perspective of changes in media consumption specially television consumption. Thus, by reviewing the current and emerging situation of media industry and the growth of new tools and social media, their impact on TV consumption is addressed. This impact that is shown in the form of multi-screen media consumption is obvious in developed countries, but the global trends clearly indicate that this trend is emerging in developing countries as well, which will gradually be highlighted among the people with increasing Internet penetration and development of new tools. Therefore in this paper we described the new phenomenon of "multi-screen media consumption" along with the concept of social television consumption. Afterward the Strategies of some media organizations in dealing with this emerging phenomenon have been checked. In hope that describing the emerging situation in television consumption help to develop a new audience studies in Iran and to alert IRIB media managers to face this emerging phenomenon. As the purpose of environmental scanning in the media industry is helping decision-makers to prepare the media organization for the upcoming trends. Manuscript profile
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        37 - The Effect of Virtual Tribes on the Implications of Postmodern Consumer Behavior on Social Media)
        Bahram Khairy Mohammad Mehdi Pouyan
        The growth and popularity of social media is communication among people creating new approaches. This article reviews and synchronization Comments on this concept seeks to investigate and predict the effects of tribes allowable percentage of the consequences of postmode More
        The growth and popularity of social media is communication among people creating new approaches. This article reviews and synchronization Comments on this concept seeks to investigate and predict the effects of tribes allowable percentage of the consequences of postmodern consumer behavior that its components are consequences faithfully, black marketing, power consumption, Surrealism and pluralism in social media. Questionnaire data were obtained using a sample size of 230 students at, using structural equation modeling using partial least squares analysis software Smart PLS is located. Results predicts that in the aforesaid tribes are permitted to consume a significant impact on all outcome variables Manuscript profile
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        38 - عوامل اجتماعی - فرهنگی مرتبط با سواد رسانه ای دانشجویان (مطالعه موردی دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد واحد تهران شرق)
        محمد حامدی
        Manuscript profile
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        39 - میزان تاثیر گذاری تبلیغات تجاری تلویزیون بر مصرف گرایی مخاطبان
        لیلا نیرومند
        Manuscript profile
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        40 - Thematic Analysis of Lifestyle in SIMS (Video Game)
        Behrouz Minaei Seyed Mohammad Ali Seyed Hosseini
        This Article studies a simulated lifestyle in “The SIMS 3” which is one of the best seller computer games. The Research’s aim is identifying simulated model of life in this video game which was developed in Simulation genre. According to differences wh More
        This Article studies a simulated lifestyle in “The SIMS 3” which is one of the best seller computer games. The Research’s aim is identifying simulated model of life in this video game which was developed in Simulation genre. According to differences which exist in the nature of digital games (a type of interactive media) and mass media, in this article two qualitative methods were used to approach research’s aim. The two qualitative methods were “participant observation” and “thematic analysis”. The article argues that “The SIMS 3” is a simulation of consumption-oriented lifestyle in which consumption has more semiotic value than it’s functional and exchangeable values. Manuscript profile
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        41 - نقش پیام تبلیغاتی رسانه بر اساس مدل (A. I. D. A) بر روی رفتار مصرف کننده (در فروشگاه های عرضه کننده لوازم خانگی، غرب تهران)
        هما درودی
        Manuscript profile
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        42 - مطالعه نقش سواد رسانه ای دانشجویان در میزان تأثیرپذیری آنها از تبلیغات تجاری
        خیری زنده بودی فاطمه زنده بودی
        Manuscript profile
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        43 - Assessing energy performance of simulation-powered internal sun shading devices for residential buildings in Tehran
        Alireza Karimpour darab diba Iraj Etesam
        Sustainable development as a process for meeting human development goals while sustaining the ability of natural systems to continue to provide the natural resources has an undeniable impact on all aspects of human life. Energy efficiency is an essential factor for sust More
        Sustainable development as a process for meeting human development goals while sustaining the ability of natural systems to continue to provide the natural resources has an undeniable impact on all aspects of human life. Energy efficiency is an essential factor for sustainable development and in spite of worldwide climate change problems caused by fossil fuel use, energy consumption levels in Iran, while already high, continues to rise each year. About 40% of energy consumed by the residential buildings in this country is fossil fuel-derived. Therefore providing solutions to reduce energy consumption in this sector is very important. Tehran is largest city of Iran, and significant amounts of energy are consumed in these city. However, due to its location in semi-arid climatic region, high sun’s radiation even in winter and low relative humidity of the air, this city has a high potential for energy conservation in residential buildings. Therefore the introduction of energy efficient buildings in this city would have a significant overall impact on national energy consumption levels. Sun shading devices are one of the most efficient elements to manage the interaction between the interiors and exteriors of buildings. They can significantly reduce cooling loads, improve thermal comfort, prevent the heat loss in the winter and reduce potential glare problems in residential buildings. Sun shading devices can be categorized according to their placement as interior, exterior and mid-pane. Result of research and studies shows that the effectiveness increase 35% by using outside shade protection instead of inside one. This research is aware of this fact that optimized internal sun shading devices are not comparable with the external sun shading devices in efficiency and performance. Although due to the increased utilization of them in the residential buildings, this research studied the internal sun shading devices and determined the optimized internal sun shading system, and then analyzed its effect on the energy consumption in the residential building model. In this study at the first phase, the combination of four types of internal sun shading devices with three types of windows are evaluated by the Parasol simulation software to determine the optimized internal sun shading system. Simulations show that the double glazed transparent window with dense reflective Roller Blind (as optimized sun shading system), has most appropriate thermal behavior. At the next step, a building model as a case study (The six-story apartment in the city of Tehran) was considered for simulations of energy consumption. The Building Calc. software was applied for energy simulations and heating, cooling and total energy consumption of building was calculated with and without optimized internal sun shading system. The result shows that efficiency of internal sun shading devices increase by using dense texture, high reflectance and low transfer rate. Also only by using optimized internal sun shading system reduce energy consumption of residential buildings in Tehran up to 14%. Because of the large coordination with Iran’s economic, cultural and social conditions this method could be one of the best solutions to reduce the energy demand in residential buildings. Manuscript profile
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        44 - Estimating Energy Consumption of Educational Spaces Using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
        مهسا فلاح نیا
        Size of classroom’s windows has significant effects on both comfort level of users and electricity consumption for lighting. Moreover, windows are the main source of energy loss in classrooms in both cooling and heating Sectors. Considering the large number of education More
        Size of classroom’s windows has significant effects on both comfort level of users and electricity consumption for lighting. Moreover, windows are the main source of energy loss in classrooms in both cooling and heating Sectors. Considering the large number of educational buildings and long life cycle of such buildings, choosing proper window size is crucial for energy saving in sustainable architectural design. Despite the role that windows have in energy consumption, the literatures are surprisingly limited in providing detailed recommendations for architects in determining the appropriate window size in different climates. Therefore, energy based window design has always been complicated for architects due to the number of involved different components and variables. In order to help the architectural designers, in this paper a new methodology is developed using a well-known artificial intelligence technique. In proposed methodology, a predictive model for energy consumption cost in terms of window to wall ratio (WWR) and the window facing was created using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The methodology consisted of a limited sets of direct numerical energy simulations for any specific climatic zone to generate the data required for training the ANN. The DOE-2 is suggested in the proposed methodology for direct numerical energy simulations of the daylighting scenarios required for training the ANN. The DOE-2 is a popular and powerful computational model developed with financial support of U.S. department of energy. The trained ANN-based model provides a fast and convenient way of comparing the different daylighting scenarios in designing stage. Indeed, further calculations for direct energy simulations are not necessary and an architect can readily utilize the trained ANN-based model as a powerful tool for forecasting the total energy consumption cost. In order to show the applicability and performance of the proposed approach, 288 daylighting scenarios for a standard classroom in a warm and dry climate, Shiraz-Iran, were simulated to determine the corresponding electric and gas consumption. A square classroom of side 7.4 m is the standard classroom defined by Iranian Organization for Renovating, Developing and Equipping Schools. The DOE-2 is utilized for simulating the defined standard classroom in the study area for estimating the annual gas and electric consumption of the generated scenarios over a 50 years period. The included daylighting scenarios were randomly split into train and test sets. In this study, around 80 percent of data were used for training, and the rest were used to evaluate the performance of the trained ANN. The best training and learning functions for different number of layers and neurons was determined in a trial-error process. Correlation Coefficient (CC), Mean square error (MSE) and Root mean square error (RMSE) are the statistical indices used for training procedure. The best results were obtained with 2 hidden layers and 6 neurons per layer. The 'Levenverg-Marquardt back propagation (trainlm)' and 'perceptron weight and bias learning function (learnp)' were the best training functions found for this research. The results show that the trained ANN can accurately predict the total energy consumption cost (RMSE=0.0811, MSE=0.0066, and CC=0.9672). Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        45 - Sustainable Prefabricated Structure Design by Salt Sediment Inspired from Material Distribution Optimization of Human Trabecular Bone
        Azin Jalali mahmoud golabchi
        Nature can be an interesting source of human inspiration for design and inventions. Man has been always related to the nature in different levels. Bionic Architecture is a new trend in contemporary world that benefits from sustainable nature`s solutions for human proble More
        Nature can be an interesting source of human inspiration for design and inventions. Man has been always related to the nature in different levels. Bionic Architecture is a new trend in contemporary world that benefits from sustainable nature`s solutions for human problems. There are two main methods of bio inspired design, First: Bottom-Up or solution based method, Second: Top-Down or problem based method. The authors used Top-Down or problem based method to find the article`s main question: How to design a sustainable self-growing and self-compacting structure which is cheap and uses minimum material. First there was problem of construction with minimum material usage and ecosystem damage, then human bone as an inspiring source was focused on, and abstracted form modeled by 3D printers can lead this basic prototype to industrial mass production. This article aims to find a solution for problem of over extracting materials from environment which is a factor of unsustainability in architecture and construction industry. It tries to discover the pattern of how structures optimize their material usage to build their selves. Natural structures extract needed materials from their context gradually, an example of these structures in nature is human bone that have balance between strength, weigh and material distribution. How to simulate this semi prefabricated, self-compacting and intelligent structure able to self-healing and self-destroying itself in essential parts and gradually extract material from its context environment grows and completes itself is the result of this article. The process of simulation from natural model to industrial sample is discussed in the main text. The process contains these steps: Discovering bone structure, Abstracting bone pattern, Simulating bone growth, and providing sediment phase. Bone structure can be simulated into two different ways. One of them is using random points as basic matrix and the other one is Voronoi pattern. Both of these methods can be modeled by Grasshopper plugin and Rhino software. After modeling abstracted Trabecular pattern as basic matrix, it can be made by 3D printers which use cheap and abundant material like sand. The basic sand matrix is put into over salinized water to become more and more compacted by time duration and salt sediments. The Piezoelectric property of the bone cells could be ignited by external forces is the basic cause of calcium ions absorption from bloodstream and calcium precipitation on bone matrix. Bone grows up according to the direction of the external force vectors. Simulation of this dynamic process in a smart structure that builds and destroys and repairs itself is proposed to use Quarts sensors which has the same piezoelectric feature and can simulate the behavior of bone calcium precipitation by making heat from the forces that have to bear and making heat as reaction. The material for process of structure growth is salt (sea salt). As the water of Persian Gulf or Lake Urmia is facing over salinization crisis, extracting salt from these over salty water and returning less salty water to its source can supply environmental sustainability of this kind of construction method. Manuscript profile
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        46 - Economic Analysis and Assessing Energy Performance of Simulation-Powered Optimal Window Type and Window to Wall Ratio for Residential Buildings in Tehran
        Alireza Karimpour Darab Diba Iraj Etessam
        Today, with the rapid depletion of fossil energy sources and increasing of environmental problems, supervision and management of energy consumption becomes more important. Looking at the breakdown of energy consumption by sectors, the buildings sector is seen as one of More
        Today, with the rapid depletion of fossil energy sources and increasing of environmental problems, supervision and management of energy consumption becomes more important. Looking at the breakdown of energy consumption by sectors, the buildings sector is seen as one of the priority areas. About 40% of energy consumption of the residential buildings in Iran is fossil fuel-derived. In recent years, housing units increased significantly in Tehran as the largest and most populous city of Iran and targeted subsidies policy is implemented and energy costs have gone up. Therefore providing solutions to reduce energy consumption in this sector is very important. Windows are one of the most important components of building thermal coating that affect the energy efficiency and environmental thermal comfort. It is obvious windows play a critical role in saving energy because about 30% of the total energy loss occurs through them. Therefore the evaluation of the optimal window type and window to wall ratio in the first phase of architectural design, plays an important role in the energy efficiency and improving the quality of indoor environment. The main objective of this paper is to present an approach that provides assistance for designers to select optimal ratio of window to wall for residential buildings concerning economic analysis that affect this assessment. In this research, a building model as a case study (the six-story apartment in the city of Tehran) is considered and then its energy consumption optimized via simulation software. Based on the simulations, two optimization parameters, window to wall ratio and type of windows, are evaluated. In this regard, at the first phase, four types of window glazing with same size in four main orientations and a window to wall ratio of 5 to 55% on residential building was simulated to determine the optimized window to wall ratio through evaluating of energy consumption. At the next step, optimized windows in three directions was considered on building model for simulations of energy consumption and then optimized windows in terms of energy efficiency was identified. Finally, for economic analysis of the use of optimal windows, a newly designed building that uses the optimal window is economically compared to a house that is architecturally and structurally similar to existing buildings and has more energy consumption. The energy costs, payback period and internal rate of return of these two buildings are compared to find the economical differences. The results show that energy consumption of residential buildings in Tehran reduced up to 20/3% only by using high performance windows and optimum wall to window ratio. It can be concluded that the influence and sensitivity of window-wall ratio on the total energy consumption are related to the orientation of outside window, and the glazing types of window. The window orientations could be prioritized in the following order: south, east, west, and north. Also according to the current price of fuel in Iran and the 17/8 years payback period that Obtained from economic analysis, the additional initial cost will be offset by the proposed policies. Manuscript profile
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        47 - Energy Optimization of Double Glazed Window Parameters in Hot and Arid Climate (Case S‌tudy: the Southern Front of an Office Building in Tehran)
        Peiman Pilechiha mohsen bayat Maryam Ghasemi Nasab
        10.30495/hoviatshahr.2021.16498
        Approximately 32% of the world's energy is consumed in buildings. Among the various solutions to reduce this consumption, the selection of appropriate types of windows in the shell of buildings can play a vital role in their energy efficiency. With population growth and More
        Approximately 32% of the world's energy is consumed in buildings. Among the various solutions to reduce this consumption, the selection of appropriate types of windows in the shell of buildings can play a vital role in their energy efficiency. With population growth and indus‌try development, preventing energy was‌te and saving it has become one of the mos‌t important concerns of countries around the world. The city of Tehran is one of the mos‌t consumed cities in Iran due to its large size and population. Therefore, it is important to pay more attention to the cons‌truction method in this city. Among the building envelopes, the south envelope forms at leas‌t half of the main walls of the buildings due to continuous sunlight. Because of the continuous solar radiation to the southern envelope, in this s‌tudy, the effect of different parameters of the double glazed window, such as the type of glass, as well as the filling gas between the double glazed windows with four different air dis‌tances has been inves‌tigated. Given that a significant part of energy consumption in office buildings is related to lighting, heating, and cooling space, it is important to choose the right type of window in reducing energy consumption. In this research, the findings and their analysis are deductive, which is presented in the form of a diagram. In the simulation of this research, double glazed windows with clear glass and an air gap of 3 mm filled with air have been selected, which is one of the mos‌t common and commonly used windows in Tehran. This window on the southern envelope is assumed to be the bes‌t and mos‌t common envelope for providing light and placing the window in the climate of Iran and Tehran. Then selected efficient components were applied as project variables in the simulation. The simulation model of this research was drawn in SketchUp software and entered into the Energy Plus engine in Open S‌tudio software. Simulation and s‌tudy of energy consumption of the research model have been done with Open S‌tudio by Energy Plus Engine. Findings show that the use of reflective glass with xenon gas and an air gap of eight millimeters provides maximum energy savings of 14.99% compared to the reference model for the southern front. The results show that the choice of absorbent and low-emission glass is not a great choice for Tehran even in the bes‌t conditions, because compared to the reference model, they increase energy consumption by 0.53% and 3.79%, respectively. Therefore, the bes‌t window position in the south direction is related to the double glazed window with reflex glass, which has an air gap filled with xenon gas and has a 15% reduction in energy consumption compared to the reference window. This window has the mos‌t optimal energy efficiency and offers the use of this window for the city of Tehran. This s‌tudy sugges‌ts the use of this type of window for the city of Tehran, especially office buildings that have a large amount of energy in the world.  Manuscript profile
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        48 - The Assessment of Role of Orientation, Type of Materials and Facade Construction Details on the Energy Consumption of Residential Buildings in Tehran
        amin alah ahadi
        10.30495/hoviatshahr.2022.66460.12197
        In this research, focusing on the East, West and South regions of Tehran, the cooling and heating load in residential buildings in different geographical directions has been compared, and concerning the building façade material and construction details, optimal c More
        In this research, focusing on the East, West and South regions of Tehran, the cooling and heating load in residential buildings in different geographical directions has been compared, and concerning the building façade material and construction details, optimal choices have been proposed. This study answers these questions, which of the typical façade materials and construction detail in Tehran city have the best performance in reducing the energy consumption of residential buildings, and what is the effect of facade direction on heating and cooling energy consumption of residential buildings. For this purpose, the simulation tool has been utilized using Energy plus software with a design-builder interface for thermal analysis. The results of this study show that the heating load of residential buildings in Tehran is higher than the cooling load in the western and northern units and the cooling load of the building is higher than the heating load in the southern and eastern units. In this regard, the heating load in the west facing units is 8%, and in the north units, it is 15 to 26% more than the cooling load. In south-facing units, the heating load of the building is 11 to 30%, and in east-facing units, the heating load of the building is up to 20% less than the cooling load. Comparison of heating load in southern, northern, eastern and western units shows that the best orientation of the building in Tehran to reduce the heating load of the building are respectively south-facing, east-facing (19 to 22% more than the southern unit), west-facing (20 to 25% more than southern units) and north-facing (30 to 40% more than southern units). The best orientation of the building in Tehran to reduce the cooling load of the building are the units facing south, north (0.5 to 7.5% more than the southern unit), west (6.5 to 7% more than the southern unit) and east (10.5 more than the southern unit) respectively. Regarding total cooling and heating load, the best orientation of the building in Tehran to reduce energy consumption are respectively south and then east facing units (about 16% more than southern units), west (15 to 17% more than southern units) and north (18 to 20% more in different views than southern units). The priorities of selection of facade materials and construction details in southern facades are brick facades with dry connection method, concrete panels with dry connection method and stone facades with dry connection method. In north-facing units, this arrangement includes a brick facade with a dry connection method, concrete panels with a dry connection method and stone facades with a dry connection method. In the west facing units, concrete panels with dry connection method, brick facades with dry connection method, and stone facades with dry connection method are the best. In the east facing units, brick facades with dry connection method, stone facades with dry connection method, ceramic facades with dry connection method and concrete panels with dry connection method have better performance in reducing the energy consumption of the building. Manuscript profile
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        49 - A Comparative Study of the Relationship among Architecture, Consumption, and Culture in the Houses of Old and New Fabric of the City of Hamedan
        Sima Khazaiyan Mohsen Niazi Ali Omrani Pour
        10.30495/hoviatshahr.2021.15655
        Culture, as an abstract object, is appeared by things and human behavior. Cultural values and cultural patterns are reflected in behavior, style of internal and external spaces of the houses. Houses as cultural objects are the tools for representation of culture; So, th More
        Culture, as an abstract object, is appeared by things and human behavior. Cultural values and cultural patterns are reflected in behavior, style of internal and external spaces of the houses. Houses as cultural objects are the tools for representation of culture; So, they are not only spaces, but places introduce our cultural feeling, opinion and values. The way of using, the feeling and the consumption of the spaces of houses, gives cultural meaning to the spaces. In relationship among architecture, culture and consumption, culture rehabilitate itself by buildings as a corporeal tools and consumption of residents as a behavioral and cultural action because architecture and consumption are the tools of culture representation. The research has two main questions: A) How does culture cause consumption diversity and different perception from the spaces of the houses in 2 different urban fabric in Hammedan? B) How does culture represent itself by the form of buildings and consumption behavior of the residents of these houses? In otherwise, how the building elements act in different cultures. Qualitative and field effective methods are used for investigating these questions. The samples for this survey are from the local residents of Haji (old fabric) and the local residents of Ostadan (new fabric) in the city of Hammedan. So, 14 houses were selected from the Haji and 13 houses were selected from Ostadan district as the cases of this study. This study has two main parameters:1. Architecture, as a physical and objective matter, 2. Cultural consumption which is the usual behavior and habit of people, as a human matter. The data collection methods are interview, observation and photography: Physical-spatial elements are studied by observation and usual behavior and habits such as eating, sleeping are studied by interview. The observation is developed by studying the photos taken through the inspections of internal spaces of both group of houses. The interview in this research is a deep interview with open questions from the residents of the random selected houses. Data analysis methods are used to describe concepts. Data achieved through the interviews are categorized according to abundance of the answers and conceptualized. The categories are the main and common meaning of the residents in each urban district. These data is compared with data achieved through the observation. The comparison reflects the relation among architectural spaces of the houses and the cultural consumption of the residents of these houses. The results of this study show that how different cultural structure in both new and old fabric has made differences to the way of attitude and valuation of residents such as difference in style of interior design and arrangement, guest room and the quality of reception, WC, kitchen style, having private space and different styles of house. A house is the base point and involves primary data to be seen and sensed to make meaning for human. So, a house as a sign can betoken different meanings. Many potential meanings are involved in a sign and people interpret it according to each cultural context. Culture, as an abs tract object, is appeared by things and human behavior. Cultural values and patterns are reflectedin behavior, s tyle of internal and external spaces of the houses. Houses as cultural objects are the tools forrepresentation of culture. Therefore, they are not only spaces, but places introduce our cultural feeling, opinion, andvalues. Ways to use, opportunities to the consumption of the spaces of houses, gives cultural meaning to the areas.In relationship among architecture, culture, and consumption, culture rehabilitates itself by buildings as a physicaltools and consumption of residents as a behavioral and cultural manner because architecture and consumption arethe tools of cultural representation. The research has two main ques tions: the firs t one is to know how) do culturecauses consumption diversity and different perceptions from the spaces of the houses in two different urban fabricsin Hamedan? Secondly, how does culture represent itself by the form of buildings and consumption behaviorof the residents of these houses? Otherwise, the building elements act in different cultures. Qualitative and fieldeffective methods are used for inves tigating these ques tions. The samples for this survey obtain from the residentsof Haji (old fabric) and the residents of Os tadan (new fabric) in the city of Hamedan. Consequently, as a case s tudy,14 houses were selected from the Haji and 13 houses were selected from the Os tadan. This s tudy has two mainparameters: 1. Architecture, as a physical and objective matter, 2. Cultural consumption, which is the usual behaviorand people's habit, as a human matter. The data collection methods are interviews, observation and photography.Physical-spatial elements are s tudied by observation usual behavior, and habits such as eating and sleeping s tudiedby interview. The observation is developed by s tudying the photos taken through the inspections of the internalspaces of both groups of houses. The interview in this research is a serious interview with open ques tions from theresidents of the randomly selected houses. Data analysis methods are usable description concepts. Data achievedthrough the interviews categorized according to the abundance of the answers and conceptualized. The categoriesare the main and primary meaning of the residents in each urban dis trict. This data is compared with data gainedthrough the observation. The comparison reflects the relationship among architectural spaces of the houses and thecultural consumption of the residents of these houses. As a result, this s tudy shows how different cultural s tructurein both new and old fabric has made diversities to the way of attitude and valuation of residents such as differencein s tyle of interior design and arrangement, gues t room and the quality of reception, WC, kitchen s tyle, havingprivate space and different s tyles of house. A house is the significant point and involves primary data to be seen andsensed to make meaning for humans. Thus, a house can betoken different meanings. Many potential meanings areinvolved in a sign and people interpret it to each cultural context. Manuscript profile
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        50 - An intelligent adaptive skin from a biomimetic approach for energy consumption reduction
        hossein mahyari Afsaneh Zarkesh Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad
        10.30495/hoviatshahr.2022.64865.12140
        AbstractOne of the challenges facing human beings today is the excessive consumption of fossil fuels, which has led to the depletion of non-renewable energy sources and greenhouse gas emissions, as well as global warming and climate change. This challenge has led to the More
        AbstractOne of the challenges facing human beings today is the excessive consumption of fossil fuels, which has led to the depletion of non-renewable energy sources and greenhouse gas emissions, as well as global warming and climate change. This challenge has led to the search for solutions to reduce fossil fuel consumption, such as optimizing and reducing energy consumption and the use of renewable energy. One of the most important areas of energy consumption is man-made in the field of architecture. On the other hand, one of the most important parts of a building that interacts with the outside environment is its outer skin. In this study, the need to pay attention to the outer skin of the building, as one of the most important parts that can manage and control the amount of energy consumption in a building, has been addressed. Its purpose is to achieve appropriate and effective solutions to reduce energy consumption in the building by the adaptive skin. One of the sources of modeling is the study of the process of reaction of living organisms to their external conditions. In this research, general solutions to reduce building consumption in the field of outer skin as well as the convergence of challenges of a building skin and mechanisms in nature for survival are discussed. It can be said that one of the most similar living organisms to adapt behavior to the facade and skin of a building are plants. Because while they do not have much mobility, they have to manage their challenges such as receiving sunlight. By modeling plants, the challenges of using and protecting sunlight in the building can be managed. The method of collecting information and data from libraries and Internet sites and the research method is descriptive-analytical and simulation using simulation software and measuring its efficiency in controlling the entry of sunlight into the inside by climate analysis and light analysis software. By modeling the behavior of a special type of plant called Oxalis oregano and abstracting from it, a concept has been reached whose structural principles have been simulated by GrassHopper plugin in Rhino software 6. This module can be generalized on the facade and can control the amount of sunlight entering the building mass by opening and closing it. Transparent photovoltaic cells (TPV) are used in the body of the module, which in addition to providing energy for opening and closing the modules, does not impede visual vision. Examining the effect of the outer skin on the simulated space, it was found that these skins reduce the total heat load by 28%, reduce cooling load by 56% and the probability of glare from daylight by 23%. By modeling plants due to their static nature and adaptability to their surroundings, a mechanism in the building such as responsive skin can be achieved that control the impact of environmental variables such as sunlight into the building and thus provide visual comfort to residents in the glare of daylight reduced the use of building cooling energy. Manuscript profile
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        51 - Land Use Planning Considering Sustainable Neighborhood Development, with Emphasis on Energy Efficiency ( Case Study: Daroos, Tehran)
        Mohammad Mehdi Azizi Azadeh Gharaei
                 
                  Manuscript profile
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        52 - Sustainable Prefabricated Structure Design by Salt Sediment Inspired by Material Distribution Optimization of Human Trabecular Bone
        Azin Jalali mahmoud golabchi
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        53 - Estimating Energy Consumption of Educational Spaces Using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
        Mahsa Fallahnia
        Size of classroom’s windows has significant effects on both comfort level of users and electricity consumption forlighting. Moreover, windows are the main source of energy loss in classrooms in both cooling and heating sectors.Considering the large number of educa More
        Size of classroom’s windows has significant effects on both comfort level of users and electricity consumption forlighting. Moreover, windows are the main source of energy loss in classrooms in both cooling and heating sectors.Considering the large number of educationalbuildings and long life cycle of such them, choosing proper window size is crucial for energy saving in sustainablearchitectural design. Despite the role that windows have in energy consumption, the literatures are surprisinglylimited in providing detailed recommendations for architects in determining the appropriate window size in differentclimates. Therefore, energy based window design has always been complicated for architects due to the numberof involved different components and variables. In order to help the architectural designers, in this paper a newmethodology is developed using a well-known artificial intelligence technique. In the proposed methodology, apredictive model for energy consumption cost in terms of window to wall ratio (WWR) and the window facing wascreated using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The methodology consisted of a limited sets of direct numericalenergy simulations for any specific climatic zone to generate the data required for training the ANN. The DOE-2issuggested in the proposed methodology for direct numerical energy simulations of the daylighting scenarios requiredfor training the ANN. The DOE-2 is a popular and powerful computational model developed with financial supportof U.S. department of energy. The trained ANN-based model provides a fast and convenient way of comparing thedifferent daylighting scenarios in designing stage. Indeed, further calculations for direct energy simulations are notnecessary and an architect can readily utilize the trained ANN-based model as a powerful tool for forecasting thetotal energy consumption cost. In order to show the applicability and performance of the proposed approach, 288daylighting scenarios for a standard classroom in a warm and dry climate, Shiraz-Iran, were simulated to determinethe corresponding electric and gas consumption. A square classroom of side 7.4 m is the standard classroom definedby Iranian Organization for Renovating, Developing and Equipping Schools. The DOE-2 is utilized for simulating thedefined standard classroom in the study area for estimating the annual gas and electric consumption of the generatedscenarios over a 50 years period. Included daylighting scenarios were randomly split into train and test sets. In thisstudy, around 80 percent of data were used for training, and the rest were used to evaluate the performance of thetrained ANN. The best training and learning functions for different number of layers and neurons was determined ina trial-error process. Correlation Coefficient (CC), Mean square error (MSE) and Root mean square error (RMSE)are the statistical indices used for training procedure. The best results were obtained with 2 hidden layers and 6neurons per layer. The 'Levenverg-Marquardt back propagation (trainlm)' and 'perceptron weight and bias learningfunction (learnp)' were the best training functions found for this research. The results show that the trained ANN canaccurately predict the total energy consumption cost (RMSE=0.0811, MSE=0.0066, and CC=0.9672). Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        54 - Economic Analysis and Assessing Energy Performance of Simulation-Powered Optimal Window Type and Window to Wall Ratio for Residential Buildings in Tehran
        Alireza Karimpour Darab Diba Iraj Etessam
        Sustainable development as a process for meeting human development goals has an undeniable impact on all aspects of human life while sustaining the ability of natural systems to continue to provide the natural resources. In spite of worldwide climate change problems cau More
        Sustainable development as a process for meeting human development goals has an undeniable impact on all aspects of human life while sustaining the ability of natural systems to continue to provide the natural resources. In spite of worldwide climate change problems caused by fossil fuel use, energy consumption levels in Iran are already high and continue to rise each year. About 40% of energy consumed by the residential buildings in this country is fossil fuel-derived. Therefore providing solutions to reduce energy consumption in this sector is very important.Tehran is the largest city of Iran and significant amounts of energy are consumed in this city. However, due to its location in semi-arid climatic region, it benefits from high sun’s radiation even in winter and low relative humidity of the air. There is high potential for energy conservation in residential buildings of Tehran. Therefore the introduction of energy efficient buildings in this city would have a significant overall impact on national energy consumption levels.Nowadays, sun shading devices are one of the most efficient elements to manage the interaction between the interiors and exteriors of buildings. They can significantly reduce cooling energy demand, improve thermal comfort, prevent the heat loss in the winter and reduce potential glare problems in residential ( (also in office and commercial) buildings.Sun shading devices can be categorized according to their placement as interior, exterior and mid-pane. Result of research and studies shows that the effectiveness increase 35% by using outside shade protection instead of inside one. This research is aware of this fact that optimized internal sun shading devices are not comparable with the external sun shading devices in efficiency and performance. Although due to the increased utilization of them in the residential buildings, this research studied the internal sun shading devices and determined the optimized internal sun shading system, and then analyzed its effect on the energy consumption in the residential building model.In this study at the first phase, the combination of four types of internal sun shading devices with three types of windows are evaluated by the Parasol simulation software to determine the optimized internal sun shading system. Simulations show that the double glazed transparent window with white dense reflective Blind ( (as optimized sun shading system), has most appropriate thermal behavior.At the next step, a building model as a case study ( (The six-story apartment in the city of Tehran) was considered for simulations of energy consumption. The Building Calc. software was applied for energy simulations and heating, cooling and total energy consumption of building was calculated with and without optimized internal sun shading system. The result shows that efficiency of internal sun shading devices increase by using dense texture, high reflectance and low transfer rate.Energy consumption of residential buildings in Tehran reduced up to 14% only by using optimized internal sun shading system. This method could be one of the best solutions to reduce the energy demand in residential buildings because of the large coordination with Iran’s economic, cultural and social conditions.Keywords: Sustainable development, Energy conservation, Sun shading system, Internal sun shading device, Energy consumption simulation. Manuscript profile
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        55 - Determination of Limit of Thermal Comfort in Arid Climate (Case Study: Yazd City)
        Mohammad Hassan Sadeghi Ravesh Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaei
              In sustainable development process, native evaluation of limit of thermal comfort with the goal of energy conservation is necessary in different climates.  Because with determination of these limits, energy loss is declined considerab More
              In sustainable development process, native evaluation of limit of thermal comfort with the goal of energy conservation is necessary in different climates.  Because with determination of these limits, energy loss is declined considerably and causes to decline of unsuitable energy consuming. With respect to, more than 60 percent of Iran area is located in arid and ultra arid climate and therefore recognition of limit of thermal comfort in this climate has multiplied importance.             For calculation of limit of thermal comfort, Yazd city was considered with arid and cold climate as the case study in this research. The limits of thermal comfort were reformed on the basis of the latitude of the study area. Then the limits of thermal comfort were calculated for warm and cold terms of the year according to the climatic data and field observation and on the basis of corrected diagram of Olgyay.        The obtained results show that thermal limit was assessed for summer condition 21.8 º - 27 º and for winter condition 20.4 º - 23 º and also optimum limit of relative humidity was assessed 18% -53%.        The proposed thermal and humidity limits, maintains proper internal conditions, reduces energy unsuitable consumption during of years   Manuscript profile
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        56 - A Methodology for Selecting Applied Energy Simulation Tools in the Field of Architecture
        Mohamad mahdi Ghiyaee Mojtaba Mahdavi Niya Mansore Tahbaz Majid Mofidi shemirani
        Manuscript profile
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        57 - Identifying and enhancing the distinctive consumption patterns of women in the sports goods industry
        zahra barzegaryazdi nima majedi mehdi naderi nasab
        The purpose of the current research was to identify and expand the effective factors on women's consumption patterns in the field of sports goods. The research method was mixed in terms of data collection, which was qualitative-quantitative. The statistical population o More
        The purpose of the current research was to identify and expand the effective factors on women's consumption patterns in the field of sports goods. The research method was mixed in terms of data collection, which was qualitative-quantitative. The statistical population of the research included experts and specialists in the fields of management, marketing and sports management, doctoral students in the field of sports marketing and women who are provided with sports services. A sufficient number of statistical samples were selected in the qualitative part based on theoretical saturation (16 people and 28 documents) and in the quantitative part they were selected using the available targeted method (360 people). Also, its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha test (0.91) and composite reliability. Qualitative part analysis was done with Maxqda software, and quantitative part analysis was done with Smart PLS3 structural equation model software. The findings of the research showed that the conceptual framework of the current research included five parts of environmental factors, consumption prerequisites, society values and norms, demographic characteristics of reference groups, and improving the consumption of sports goods. Also, the values and norms have been examined from the two perspectives of society's values and consumption culture. In the quantitative part, it was found that most of the paths of relationships between the research components (except for the path of environmental factors -> improvement of consumption of sports goods) as well as the items with each of their factors are greater than 1.96 and significant, this significance indicates the correct prediction of the relationships. It is a research model. Manuscript profile
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        58 - Investigating the effect of paying attention to the digital space on consumer decision-making with the mediating role of brand interest and willingness to buy
        Soheila Zarinjoy alvar Donya Bavi
        10.30495/jism.2022.21962
        Purpose: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of paying attention to the digital space on consumer decision-making with the mediating role of interest in the brand and willingness to buy (case study of Araz sports products). Methodology: In More
        Purpose: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of paying attention to the digital space on consumer decision-making with the mediating role of interest in the brand and willingness to buy (case study of Araz sports products). Methodology: In terms of the purpose of this research, it is an applied research, and in terms of the method of data collection, it is a survey research and in terms of time, and since the researcher investigates the effect of the independent variable on the dependent, therefore this The nature of the research is causal-descriptive research. The data collection method is also field. The population of this research includes the consumers of Araz brand sports products in Abadan city, and due to the unlimited population, we used Cochran's formula to calculate the number of sample members. Based on this, the number of the examined sample was 384 people (questionnaire) and we used the online distribution of the Kim (2020) questionnaire to collect data. For the reliability of the questionnaire, we used Cronbach's alpha coefficient and for its validity, we used the analytical factor verification method. The results of the research hypotheses have been tested using Lisrel software. Findings: The results showed that paying attention to the digital space has an effect on consumer decision-making with the mediating role of brand interest and willingness to buy. Also, sports brands, including Iranian brands, need to install digital devices in stores to create a digital space to speed up the decision-making process of consumers. Manuscript profile
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        59 - نقش تبلیغات و علائم تجاری در حمایت از حق آگاهی مصرف کننده با مطالعه ی تطبیقی در حقوق انگلیس
        پری خالدی دوبرجی عباس قاسمی حامد
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        60 - بررسی مفهوم مصرف کننده و عرضه کننده در حقوق ایران و اتحادیه اروپا
        احمد یوسفی صادقلو حسین پورحسنی
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        61 - The right to terminate contracts covered by the e-commerce law
        SHOKROLAH NIKVAND Habib Asady
        10.30495/jlap.2022.19469
        In contracts, either party can terminate the contract based on one of the options of civil law. Most of these options can be found in all contracts. In this article, the author seeks to answer the question of whether in e-commerce contracts that are subject to special l More
        In contracts, either party can terminate the contract based on one of the options of civil law. Most of these options can be found in all contracts. In this article, the author seeks to answer the question of whether in e-commerce contracts that are subject to special law, one of the parties can invoke one of the options of civil law to terminate the contracts? In this regard, the works of some available authors were reviewed and they followed the view that civil law options are among the general rules of contracts and can be applied in electronic contracts .Examining and comparing the options of civil code and the article of the electronic commerce law and considering the special features of these contracts and the various powers that the legislator has considered for termination, it seems that in electronic contracts the parties have no right to invoke the options of the civil code, because in the law of electronic commerce, there are cases of termination in a desirable and sufficient way. therefore the types of termination right in these contracts are just the ones mentioned in the electronic commerce law. Manuscript profile
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        62 - حقوق مصرف‌کننده در مرحله پیش قراردادی با مطالعه تطبیقی در حقوق انگلیس
        پری خالدی دوبرجی عباس قاسمی حامد اکرم بهشتی
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        63 - مقایسه شهادت بانوان در دو نظام حقوقی ایران و مصر
        معصومه مرادی ابراهیم یاقوتی زهرا فهرستی
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        64 - بررسی تاثیر متغیرهای اعتباری تسهیلات رهنی بر مصرف خانوارها
        اسداله الوندی زاده عباس امینی فرد هاشم زارع مهرزاد ابراهیمی
        10.30495/jae.2022.69958.1439
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        65 - تحلیلی بر تأثیرپذیری رشد اقتصادی از مصرف انرژی و آزادسازی تجاری در کشورهای عضو اوپک با رویکرد خودرگرسیون برداری پنلی
        قاسم لیانی نوید کارگر ده بیدی زکریا فرج زاده
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        66 - مروری بر رفتار مصرف‌کنندگان در عصر تکنولوژی از نگاه اقتصاد رفتاری
        فاطمه معصومی سوره محمد رضا ناهیدی امیر خیز علیرضا بافنده زنده سید یوسف حاجی اصغری
        10.30495/jae.2023.74964.1499
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        67 - بررسی رابطه میان رشد اقتصادی و محیط زیست ایران با رویکرد ARDL
        مجید نصیری مریم ابراهیمی
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        68 - مخارج مصرفی دولت و رشد منطقه‌ایی در ایران (رهیافت اقتصاد سنجی فضایی)
        رضا کیهانی حکمت غلامعلی حاجی سید عباس نجفی‌زاده نادر مهرگان
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        69 - تاثیر توسعه مالی و دولت الکترونیک بر مصرف برق شواهدی ازکشورهای گروه 20
        فرهاد دژپسند علیرضا خزائی مجتبی اسلامیان مانا حجتی
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        70 - مکانیزمی ‌برای انتقال نرخ سود، تسهیلات رهنی و مصرف خانوارها در اقتصاد ایران
        اسداله الوندی زاده عباس امینی فرد هاشم زارع مهرزاد ابراهیمی
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        71 - تاثیر شاخص توسعه انسانی بر مصرف انرژی در کشورهای منتخب عضو اوپک
        منیره دیزجی
        10.30495/jae.2023.71469.1470
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        72 - اثر شوکهای مصرف کل گاز طبیعی بر انتشار دی اکسید کربن و رشد اقتصادی ایران و کشورهای منتخب منا
        محمدحسن قزوینیان
        10.30495/jae.2023.70658.1451
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        73 - مقایسه تطبیقی اثر شوکهای مصرف نفت خام بر انتشار دی اکسید کربن و رشد اقتصادی در ایران و کشورهای منتخب منا
        محمدحسن قزوینیان کامبیز هژبر کیانی علی دهقانی فاطمه زندی خلیل سعیدی
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        74 - تجزیه مصرف انرژی در ایران 1390-1380 (یک تحلیل ایستای مقایسه‌ای با رویکردSDA)
        اسفندیار جهانگرد وجیهه گلشنی مهنوش عبداله میلانی حمیدرضا غفارزاده
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        75 - Currency Devaluation and Demands for Imports: Case of Iran (1959‐2008)
        یداله رجایی شهلا احمدی
        In this study, we investigate the long‐run relationship between demand forimports and the relevant determining factors. We use the method of leastSquares Engel Granger (1987) and Maximum Likelihood Johansen (1988) aswell as Joe Hansen and Joe Sylyvs (1990) to estimate t More
        In this study, we investigate the long‐run relationship between demand forimports and the relevant determining factors. We use the method of leastSquares Engel Granger (1987) and Maximum Likelihood Johansen (1988) aswell as Joe Hansen and Joe Sylyvs (1990) to estimate the Long‐Run ImportDemand Function.To have a better assessment of the effectiveness of trade policies; a logicalunderstanding of demand for imports is of particular importance. Our studyshows that the oil revenue, real income, and GDP evaluated at domesticprices, are positively related to demand for imports. On the other hand, therises of price of imported goods relative to the price of domestically producedgoods and currency devaluation have a negative effect on demands forimports of intermediate goods as well as consumption and capital goods. Manuscript profile
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        76 - Estimating the Time Value of Daily Occupational and Educational Trips to multiplicity from Their Nearby Regions
        N. Rezaei O.K. Sanginov
        The goal of this study is to estimate the demand for daily trip to Tehran from the suburban areas. To determine the time value lost due to traffic congestion, following Gary Baker and considering the theory of time allocation, the value of daily trips has been estimated More
        The goal of this study is to estimate the demand for daily trip to Tehran from the suburban areas. To determine the time value lost due to traffic congestion, following Gary Baker and considering the theory of time allocation, the value of daily trips has been estimated.    To have a better understanding about the purpose and the consequences of these trips and based on the data provided by The Population and Housing Census 1385 (2006) demands for occupational and educational have been estimated. JEL Classification:C81  ,R21 Manuscript profile
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        77 - Evaluation the Effect of Exchange Rate Fluctuations on Medical Care Price Indexes in Iran
        Hamid Kordbache Zahra Ahmadi
        Introduction: Given the importance of medical care on the public health and its high inflation rate relative to the changes in the cost of living in Iran, this research is to study the effects of exchange rates on the inflation of medical care. Methods: In this study, a More
        Introduction: Given the importance of medical care on the public health and its high inflation rate relative to the changes in the cost of living in Iran, this research is to study the effects of exchange rates on the inflation of medical care. Methods: In this study, an ARCH model has been used to examine the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on the consumer and producer price indexes of medical care for a quarterly dataset over the period 2004 -2014. Moreover, ECM integration method has been applied to investigate the long-term relationship between the variables. Results: Based on the results of ARCH and ECM models, exchange rate, liquidity and GDP have the significant and positive impact son medical care price index in the short and long-term.  The finding show that the effects of exchange rate changes on medical care price index for consumer price index and producer price index are0/23 and 0/14 in the short-term and 0/327 and 0/256  in long-term respectively. Conclusion: However the finding of this study asserts a stronger relationship between exchange rate and medical care over the consumer price index compare to the producer price index. Manuscript profile
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        78 - Designing a Model for Delaying the Purchase of Supplementary Health Insurance Based on Grounded Theory
        ehsan mohsenzadeh sharifi leila Andervazh ebrahim albo naiemi
        Introduction: In general, procrastination means leaving work, or doing it at the last minute, and feeling uncomfortable with it. Procrastination means having trouble getting things started and done. Or, to put it simply, procrastination means postponing today's work to More
        Introduction: In general, procrastination means leaving work, or doing it at the last minute, and feeling uncomfortable with it. Procrastination means having trouble getting things started and done. Or, to put it simply, procrastination means postponing today's work to tomorrow. The purpose of this study is to design a model for procrastination in purchasing health insurance based on data theory. Methods: The present research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of research nature and based on data theory. In this study, 14 insurance industry experts and 18 industry clients participated in interviews and focus group meetings. The collected data were encoded in three steps using MaxQDA software. Results: In the open coding section, 383 sentences were coded separately and the highest repetition of comments with 31 cases was related to the factor of distrust in insurance companies. The findings show that three types of psychological, ethical and knowledge factors affect procrastination in insurance. To measure the behavior of procrastination in insurance, three indicators can be used, which are the postponement of the purchase of selected non-compulsory insurance, the postponement of the purchase of compulsory insurance and the postponement of the payment of purchased insurance installments. Conclusion: According to the results, it was found that three psychological, ethical and cognitive factors cause the formation of procrastination behavior in buyers of supplementary health insurance. Manuscript profile
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        79 - Investigating Factors Affecting the Market of Specialized Drugs in Iran
        Alireza Rezvani Chaman Zamin Nasser Feghi Farahmand muosa Rezvani Chaman Zamin, Yaghoub Alavi Matin
        10.30495/jhm.2023.70708.11084
        Introduction: The pharmaceutical product market is one of the largest and highest -paid markets in the world in which the upper figures are exchanged every year. A market where any inaccurate decision on it quickly boosts the black market and makes the drug dealers stro More
        Introduction: The pharmaceutical product market is one of the largest and highest -paid markets in the world in which the upper figures are exchanged every year. A market where any inaccurate decision on it quickly boosts the black market and makes the drug dealers stronger. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the market for specialized drugs in Iran.Methods: The results of the study have been examined in a quantitative method. The method used in this study is based on fundamental studies. The present study is based on the data collection method. In this study, targeted sampling methods used to select experts and simple random methods in 385.Results: The results showed that the two modulations of the proprietary profit reduction on the relationship between processing and ease of consumption on the drug market prediction of 4.414 with a significant level of 0.0001, which is less than alpha = 0.05, As the most important factor and adjustment of proprietary profit reduction on the relationship between the office and the physician on the anticipation of the drug use market with a coefficient of 2.355 and the significant level of 0.0001 to two important factors in impact on the anticipation of the drug use market Specialized in Iran are identifiable.Conclusion: Finally, the drug market is very attractive in many ways. Drug manufacturers must persuade physicians to sell the drug to the final consumer who are patients, in other words, the final decision maker here. Therefore, given the high impact of the drug characteristics and the patient's characteristics on the drug selection, it is better to marketing their time and energy on the marketing of more desirable drug profiles (for physicians). Manuscript profile
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        80 - The effect of the antecedents of brand attractiveness on brand commitment and positive WOM: Mediating role of consumer-brand identification
        zahra mohammadi faranak khodayari sedigheh tootian
        This research investigates the antecedents (brand congruence, brand prestige and brand distinctiveness) and consequences (positive word of mouth and brand commitment) of consumer- brand identification and relationship between brand attractiveness and consumer- brand ide More
        This research investigates the antecedents (brand congruence, brand prestige and brand distinctiveness) and consequences (positive word of mouth and brand commitment) of consumer- brand identification and relationship between brand attractiveness and consumer- brand identification. This is a descriptive-survey study, and target population for this research are all customers of Samsung, LG and Bosch home appliances in Tehran. In order to measure the variables of the model questionnaire designed 26 besides the members of the sample (392 people from brand customers home appliances Samsung, LG and Bosch) have been distributed.in this study for analyzing of data, Lisrel software and SPSS was have been used. The results confirm the influence of all of the three drivers, namely, brand congruence, brand prestige and brand distinctiveness on brand attractiveness. As well as brand attractiveness impact on consumer-brand identification and consumer-brand identification impact on brand commitment and positive word of mouth. The results also show that brand congruence to be a positive influence on consumer- brand identification with mediating role of brand attractiveness. Manuscript profile
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        81 - 0
        امین مظفری
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        82 - The Role of Cognitive Age in Status Consumption of Educated, Middle-Aged Iranian Consumers
        Javad Abbasi Mohammad Pourreza
        Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of educated, middle-aged Iranian consumers’ cognitive age in their status consumption. Methodology – Survey method. The study was conducted in Babol. The data collection method used is the More
        Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of educated, middle-aged Iranian consumers’ cognitive age in their status consumption. Methodology – Survey method. The study was conducted in Babol. The data collection method used is the cluster sampling method, using an age-based sample of educated, middle-aged consumers (aged 35-60 years old). The survey contained two sections on the age decade scale and on a 5-point Likert scale. Findings – The findings revealed that there is a strong negative relationship between cognitive age and status consumption. The results suggested that educated, middle-aged consumers who feel cognitively young will be more motivated to consume for status and that this relationship is moderated by both brand awareness and price consciousness. Research Limitations – Given the focus on educated, middle-aged consumers, generalizations beyond this age group should be undertaken with some reservation. We cannot generalize the results of this research and apply it to the nation as a whole, because of the cultural and religious factors that come in to play, changing the variables. Managerial implications – A study of this nature will help to shape marketers’ approach to attract educated, middle-aged consumers. Marketers should shift their focus away from regarding older consumers as old since older consumers tend to view themselves as younger than their chronological age. Originality/value – This paper investigates the role of educated, middle-aged consumers’ cognitive age in their status consumption. It extends the research by looking at the moderating effects of brand awareness and price consciousness on the relationship between educated, middle-aged consumers’ cognitive age and status consumption. Manuscript profile
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        83 - The influencing factors on consumer choice behavior regarding green products based on theory of Consumption Values
        مهناز کاظمی سید علیرضا سید صالحی
        Abstract This paper contains the theory of consumption values to determine the influence factors on consumer choice behavior regarding green products, and examines whether are significant differences in consumption values and choice behavior between consumers whit diffe More
        Abstract This paper contains the theory of consumption values to determine the influence factors on consumer choice behavior regarding green products, and examines whether are significant differences in consumption values and choice behavior between consumers whit different outlooks on environmental concerns .This paper proposed definitions today on customer perceived value of green products deals. Research method was descriptive survey, the health of consumers and detergents were randomly Qazvin 472 people responded price - the social - emotional value - the value and meaning of epistemological were provided. Social value and the highest quality effects on consumer choice behavior towards green products were not worth the price to the consumer of utmost importance. The results indicate that consumers are looking for quality and freshness of a certain social consent is not sensitive to the high price of green products. These restrictions can be no real knowledge of green products as consumers Manuscript profile
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        84 - The effect of Consumer’s received value, effectiveness and risk on Purchase Intention of Green Products (case study: Islamic Azad University,Science and Research Brand student’s)
        عادله سمیعی زفرقندی shahnaz nayebzadeh hassan dehnavi
        The aim of this study was to examine the factors influencing consumer intention to buy green products ( organic products) among young people. Using variables conscious consumer buying behavior, perceived effectiveness of consumer, environmental concerns, green perceived More
        The aim of this study was to examine the factors influencing consumer intention to buy green products ( organic products) among young people. Using variables conscious consumer buying behavior, perceived effectiveness of consumer, environmental concerns, green perceived value, green perceived risk, as the independent variable and the dependent variable intention to buy green ( organic), The research model is formed. The present research, the purpose, according to the methodology applied, descriptive survey using questionnaires and required data is collected. The population study are student of Sciences and Research Islamic Azad University of Tehran and random sampling method was used and collected a total of 400 samples accepted . Data analysis was performed using software SPSS , LISREL and The results show that Variables, perceived value conscious behavior Perceived by the consumer as well as the effectiveness have a positive impact on the intention to buy green( organic) And perceived risk and environmental concerns are factors that have a negative impact on the intention to buy green. Manuscript profile
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        85 - The Effect of Advertising Gifts on Consumer's Overall Evaluation (Case Study: Isfahan Irancell's Consumers)
        Afshin Mortezazadeh Shahnaz Nayebzadeh Abolfazl Sadeghiyan
        One of the new method of marketing is advertising gifts, that organizations get these gifts to their employees and customers. The purpose of this study is investigating a conceptual model on the impact of Gift promotions on consumer's overall evaluation which study's mo More
        One of the new method of marketing is advertising gifts, that organizations get these gifts to their employees and customers. The purpose of this study is investigating a conceptual model on the impact of Gift promotions on consumer's overall evaluation which study's model is formed by Gift nature, Product nature and perceived fit as independent variables and consumer's overall evaluation as dependent variables. Current methodology is applicable from purpose point of view and causal study in terms of methodology. Required data is collected using questionnaire and field method. Sample of this study consists of Isfahan Irancell's (MTN) consumers which are selected through simple random sampling resulted in 159 collected acceptable samples. data analysis was carried out by SPSS and LISREL software and the result showed that there is Significant relationship between product nature and consumer's overall evaluation also gift promotion nature has a direct impact on the consumer's overall evaluation but perceived fit between gift promotion and product did not have any effect on consumer's overall evaluation. Manuscript profile
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        86 - The Impact of Various Source of Funds (Paying with Company’s Funds Against Personal Funds) on How to Judge the Price Fairness and the Intention of Subsequent Purchases
        Mahsa Zibaian Shahrzad Chitsaz Hamid Saeedi
        This article contributes to scholarly understanding of the significance of procedural fairness in pricing contexts. with the importance of price fairness and the relative equity of the fair and what should managers do in terms of pricing? Till that people do not feel th More
        This article contributes to scholarly understanding of the significance of procedural fairness in pricing contexts. with the importance of price fairness and the relative equity of the fair and what should managers do in terms of pricing? Till that people do not feel they have been abused. Because people behavior is from their perceptions, and their belief both fault and correct can change consumer behavior before buying, at the time of purchase, after the purchase, also these perceptions at different times, and also these belief and response are different when paid from different source‌. This research aims to examine how source of funds (paying with company’s funds versus personal funds) affects buyer’s judgments of price fairness and via these judgments, buyer’s response to prices. A scenario-based experiment is used (N _ 224). To test the hypotheses, the authors run moderated mediation regression analyses with SPSS.22. This resulted in a 2x2x2 between-subjects experiment in which the type of preferential pricing practice (offering lower price to frequent customers versus to an employee’s friends, (magnitude of price difference [low (10 per cent), high (30per cent)] and source of funds (personal funds, company’s funds) were manipulated. After reading the scenario, participants responded to questions that measure perceived price difference, economic impact of price difference, social acceptability, price fairness and buyer’s response. Findings – Drawing on fairness heuristics theory, the authors hypothesize and find that relative to when paying with personal funds, when paying with company’s funds, the perceived price difference plays a less significant role, whereas the perceived social acceptability of the pricing practice underlying the price difference plays a more important role in shaping price fairness judgments and, via these judgments, buyer’s response to prices. The findings generate advice for companies that serve both the business and personal segments (e.g. airlines and hotels). Buyers in the personal segment typically pay with their own money. To persuade these buyers that a price is fair, it is crucial to show that the price represents a good deal for them. Buyers in the business segment often pay with company’s fund. Companies have more flexibility in charging different prices, but they should make sure that the reasons for the price difference are socially acceptable. Conclusion– The research findings point to the significance of the non-instrumental aspect of consumer’s demand for ethical (fair pricing) behavior and the need for companies to assess the fairness of their pricing practices from the consumer perspective. also how the relative role of price difference versus social acceptability in price fairness judgments varies as a function of source of funds and how an inconsistency between price difference and its economic impact affects price fairness judgments. Manuscript profile
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        87 - The Effect of Perceptions of Fair Price on Samsung Consumer Shopping (Case Study: Citizens of Arak)
        Ali Akbar Mirzaee Mohammad Karim ghale noei
        The ever-increasing rise in the intensity of competition among organizations in the current century has led organizations to always look for solutions for competitive advantage and victory in the field of competition.  By aligning the quality of the goods of diffe More
        The ever-increasing rise in the intensity of competition among organizations in the current century has led organizations to always look for solutions for competitive advantage and victory in the field of competition.  By aligning the quality of the goods of different companies and intensifying competition, the price element has become one of the most important factors in protecting and attracting customers and their loyalty and satisfaction. This is the case nowadays due to the increasing expansion of the Internet. Pricing for products and services offered in any business is one of the most important steps in any business. "Pricing" is one of the basic concepts in economics and in particular marketing. Knowledge of principles, methods, goals, challenges, and solutions, especially for the use of these concepts in providing information services and access to information, is important. One of the most complex problems facing international companies is the phenomenon of price differentials in countries. Today's fair pricing in marketing research has attracted the attention of many researchers. This research is of causal nature and method. For data collection, the field method has been used and the questionnaire has been used, and SPSS software has been used to analyze the data. Manuscript profile
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        88 - The Impact of Young Brand Identity on Brand Loyalty by Mediating Customer Satisfaction in the Mobile Industry
        Maryam Ghamari Poor Zahra Amir Hoseini
        Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of consumer brand identity on brand loyalty through customer satisfaction mediation. Method: The research method is descriptive-survey with the approach of structural equations. The statistical society of th More
        Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of consumer brand identity on brand loyalty through customer satisfaction mediation. Method: The research method is descriptive-survey with the approach of structural equations. The statistical society of the 15 to 35 year olds is Khorramabad, who used the brands of Apple, Samsung and Huawei. Since the exact volume of the statistical community is not available, based on the Cochran formula for the unrestricted community, a sample of 384 people was selected by cluster sampling. Data collecting tools were Cooper's Brand Identity Questionnaire (2004), Braggart Brand Loyalty Questionnaire (2010) and Algashir et al., Customer Satisfaction Questionnaire (2005). Their validity was based on structural validity and its reliability it was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS23 and SMART PLS2 software. Results: The results of structural equations showed that the effect of consumer brand identity on customer satisfaction is positive and the effect of customer satisfaction on brand loyalty of young people is positive. On the other hand, analysis of the role of mediator of customer satisfaction showed that consumer brand identity, in addition to its direct impact on brand loyalty, has indirect bearing on brand loyalty through customer satisfaction. The quality of the final model of research according to the GOF index, which was 0/363, showed that the model has a strong fit. The R2 determination coefficient was 0.28 for customer satisfaction, which was close to strong, and was 0.80 for loyalty to the brand, which is very strong. The value of Sobel test was 7.55, which indicates that the effect of the mediator variable on customer satisfaction in the research model is significant. The results of the research showed that brand identity of consumers and customer satisfaction could affect customer satisfaction. Manuscript profile
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        89 - Investigating the Impact of Ethical Ideologies on Consumer’s Evaluation of Product and Company with regard to Moderating Role of Corporate Social Responsibility
        S. Nayebzadeh Haniyeh Jafariyan
        Extensive research has been done on social responsibility and its effects on business. The importance of this concept for organizations is also emphasized. Despite the fact that corporate social responsibility has become one of the leading managerial issues worldwide, r More
        Extensive research has been done on social responsibility and its effects on business. The importance of this concept for organizations is also emphasized. Despite the fact that corporate social responsibility has become one of the leading managerial issues worldwide, researchers in both business and academia have not considered its application to the growth of societies. The current study is aimed at filling this gap by investigating the consumer’s perceptions of corporate social responsibility and its role in the relationship between consumer’s ethical ideologies and evaluation of organization and product. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and it is correlation in terms of the approach. The research population consists of HajKhalifeh confectionery consumers in Yazd. Due to the unlimited statistical population, 355 questionnaires based on Morgan table, were collected using simple random sampling. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and confirmed by 0.931. LISREL and SPSS software were used for data analysis. The results show that idealistic consumers have a positive understanding of the corporate social responsibility activities and they will eventually have a positive evaluation of the product and the organization. In contrast, relativistic consumers are not sensitive to the corporate social responsibility and do not perceive them positively, which leads to their negative evaluations of the product and organization. In other words, the type of ethical ideology of consumers leads to different perceptions of corporate social responsibility and to a positive or negative evaluation of the product and the organization. Manuscript profile
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        90 - Investigating the Role of Consumer Psychological Motives on Customer Engagement, Attachment and Brand Loyalty (Case Study: Me Hypermarket Chain Stores in Tehran)
        Ali Akbar Khademi Abbas Golshani Hanieh Farazandeh
        Creating lasting relationships in today's competitive environment can play a positive role in improving the performance of companies in such markets; if brands fail to succeed in this area, they will have less of a stake in today's markets. The purpose of this study is More
        Creating lasting relationships in today's competitive environment can play a positive role in improving the performance of companies in such markets; if brands fail to succeed in this area, they will have less of a stake in today's markets. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of consumer psychological motivation (Brand Psychological Ownership, Value Congruity) through customer engagement and brand attachment on brand loyalty in customers of Hyper Me Chain Stores in Tehran. This study is practical in view of purpose and according to Collection data method is descriptive survey. The statistical population of this study is infinite population and include customers of Hyper Me Chain Stores in Tehran. The Sample size according to Cochran formula is obtained 384 with available sampling method. The validity was confirmed by expert and reliability is confirmed with Cronbach Alpha. In order to analyze data is used from structural equation analyze data and Smart PLS software. The result of research is showing that the Brand psychological ownership have significant effect on Value congruity. Value congruity have significant effect on Customer Brand engagement. Customer Brand engagement have significant effect on Brand attachment. Customer Brand engagement have significant effect on Customer Loyalty and Ultimately Brand attachment have significant effect on Customer Loyalty. The investigating Consumer Psychological motivation and increasing Customer Brand engagement can provide this subject that the customer know the product and service of Brand as part of self-actions and solutions than organization and product and this subject have key role in loyalty and Brand attachment. Manuscript profile
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        91 - Measuring Model of Consumer’s Moral Emotions in Sport Marketing: A Scale Development
        Jasem Manouchehri
        Purpose: Despite the various violations of athletes, researchers paid a few attentions to the negative effects of these violations on consumer’s responses. The main purpose of this research was to present a model for measuring the level of consumer’s moral e More
        Purpose: Despite the various violations of athletes, researchers paid a few attentions to the negative effects of these violations on consumer’s responses. The main purpose of this research was to present a model for measuring the level of consumer’s moral emotions in facing with doping scandal by endorser celebrity athletes. Methodology: The present research was conducted by an exploratory mixed methodology. Logical induction was utilized for analyzing qualitative data collected from 18 interviews (9 men and 9 women), in addition, 224 sport sciences students of Iranian universities filled out the quantitative questionnaires to run confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the measuring model. Findings: The results from CFA and its goodness and badness indexes revealed standard amount of the indexes. Moreover, results showed that the extent of Average Variance Extracted (AVE) for contempt, anger and disgust was higher than 0.5 which revealed Convergent Validity of the named variables. Additionally, the extent of Average Variance Extracted (AVE) for all variables was bigger than the square of their pairwise relationships which also revealed Discriminant Validity. All variables reliabilities were higher than 0.7 which indicated Composite Reliability. Manuscript profile
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        92 - Design evaluating model of Nostalgic behavior on Hofsted Index, social factors and brand heritage & attitudes (case study: Nostalgic shopping center in Tehran)
        soraya fatholahi Elham Faridchehr nader ghareb navaz vahed reza mirabi
        Since the consumers' nostalgic behaviors can bring about a real understanding and recognition of consumer's behavior and meeting consumer demands the best possible way, the effect of nostalgic behavior on consumer behavior has critical role in actual purchase. In the pr More
        Since the consumers' nostalgic behaviors can bring about a real understanding and recognition of consumer's behavior and meeting consumer demands the best possible way, the effect of nostalgic behavior on consumer behavior has critical role in actual purchase. In the present study, we first examined and identified the hofsted index and social factors and considered the following components for each: cultural and social factors included; (hofsted index) materialism, individualism, collectivism, masculinity, power distance, uncertainly avoidance and family structure, reference groups. Then, the effect of these factors on nostalgic behaviors examined. Later on, the effect of nostalgic behavior on brand heritage, brand attitudes investigated. Then the effect of nostalgic behavior, brand heritage, brand attitudes on purchase intention (PI) were investigated and finally, the effect of PI on actual purchases measured. The methodology of had two stages: stage one was examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the second stage using structural equations (SE). The analytical results showed power distance, individualism, reference groups are significantly related Nostalgia behavior but materialism, collectivism, uncertainly avoidance, masculinity, family structure is not significantly related nostalgia behaviors. Nostalgia behavior, brand attitudes affect purchase intention, but brand heritage is not significantly related purchase intentions. Finally purchase intentions are significantly related purchase behavior. Manuscript profile
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        93 - Investigating the Effectintive factors on online shopping consumers with by Grand Theory Method
        mehdi mahmodzade hosein zolfahgar dehnavi
        In the last decades, we have witnessed a wide range of communications and information developments. One of the platforms that has been affected by this factor, it’s about online shopping. This factor has paved the way for sellers and buyers to interact directly an More
        In the last decades, we have witnessed a wide range of communications and information developments. One of the platforms that has been affected by this factor, it’s about online shopping. This factor has paved the way for sellers and buyers to interact directly and beyond the constraints of traditional shopping. The purpose of this article is to investigate the factors affecting consumer behavior in online shopping. Since consumers are influenced by various factors that can affect their purchasing decision, it is necessary to investigate this issue in a grand theory approach. To achieve this, structured interviews were conducted with 14 experts in marketing and business management. The research findings show that contextual factors (product characteristics, purchasing process, purchasing risk, customer characteristics, customer perception of purchasing, etc.), causal factors (cultural development in society, general and individual skills training) And Internet acceptance and sense of control), strategies (formulating educational and research strategies, strategic insights and formulating mission and macro goals) and outcomes (social consequences, utilitarian value, pleasure value, product value, facilities) can be addressed. To be. Finally, it can be stated that paying attention to these factors can provide an online startup with the right strategies to attract and grow customers. Manuscript profile
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        94 - The Effect of Ethical Perceptions on the Purchase Intentions with the Role of Consumer–Corporate Identification and Brand Trust (Case Study: Samsung Mobile Customers)
        mohammad ali nasimi samira pali
        The scope of moral consumerism transcends cultural boundaries and as a result quality, price, social behavior, innovation and ethical perspectives lead to consumer choice. The effect of ethical perceptions on the purchase intentions with the role of consumer–corpo More
        The scope of moral consumerism transcends cultural boundaries and as a result quality, price, social behavior, innovation and ethical perspectives lead to consumer choice. The effect of ethical perceptions on the purchase intentions with the role of consumer–corporate identity and brand trust. Its statistical population includes all customers of Samsung in Tehran, from which 384 people were selected by non-probability sampling method. The data of this study were collected through the questionnaire of Javed et al. (2019). The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by its visual and content methods and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. SPSS and LISREL software were used in data analysis. The findings showed that ethical perceptions on the intention to buy with the role of consumer identity from the organization and trust in brands are significant. Consumer–corporate identification and brand trust are significant on the purchase intentions. The effect of ethical perception on consumer–corporate identification and brand trust was significantly adjusted by gender, customer age, education and location. Manuscript profile
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        95 - Consumers’ Narratives of consumption, a window to consumers mind a Systematic Literature Review approach
        Mohammad Rahim Esfidani Datis khajeheian Mahmoud Mohammadian Emad Rahmanian
        Narratives is an essential part of human communications and has been used to transfer knowledge and experiences by humans. This provides an exceptional opportunity for marketing practitioners to use narratives as a methodological tool to better understand consumer behav More
        Narratives is an essential part of human communications and has been used to transfer knowledge and experiences by humans. This provides an exceptional opportunity for marketing practitioners to use narratives as a methodological tool to better understand consumer behaviors. Consumption narratives as a mean to understand consumer behavior gained popularity in the early 90s. A vast body of researches providing several definitions and features led to ambiguity on the subject. Also, there are not many resources available in Persian for researchers. Hence, to summarize the literature and providing a comprehensive definition and introducing this topic to Persian management literature, marketing practitioners; a systematic literature review approach was employed. This study, qualitative in nature, uses a systematic literature review to select the most prominent and influential articles to come up with a comprehensive definition. Several scientific databases were chosen and based on inclusion/exclusion criteria articles were selected. After a careful and deliberate residing, different definitions and features of consumptions narratives were extracted to formulate the final definition. A comprehensive definition based on several studies is presented. Also, features of different definitions are summarized to shed some light on the different aspects of consumer narratives. Finally, the classification of consumption narratives are provided for the first time in Persian management literature. Also, the method provided in this article might be used as a guideline to perform systematic literature reviews in future endeavors by other researchers. Manuscript profile
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        96 - Effects of Brand Performance on Consumer Buying Behavior through Variables Mediating Brand Trust and Brand Image and Brand Equity and Brand Loyalty
        Abbas Ghaedamini Harouni Mehrdad Sadeghi de cheshmeh Siamak Korang Beheshti Majed Maharani Barzani
        The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of brand performance on consumer buying behavior through the variables of interface between brand trust and brand image and brand equity and brand loyalty in customers of industrial and home appliance stores in Isfa More
        The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of brand performance on consumer buying behavior through the variables of interface between brand trust and brand image and brand equity and brand loyalty in customers of industrial and home appliance stores in Isfahan (Case study: Bosch brand). The statistical population of the present study consisted of all clients and customers of industrial and home appliances stores in Isfahan. The statistical sample size of the study based on Morgan table was 384 people. The validity of the questionnaires was examined based on the content validity using the opinion of experts, formally based on the views of a number of statistical and structural communities by factor analysis method and the validity was confirmed and on the other hand the validity of the questionnaires by Cronbach's alpha method For brand trust, 0.845, brand loyalty, 0.812, brand image, 0.822, brand performance, 0.811, brand equity, 0.777, respectively, consumer buying behavior was estimated to be 866, and data analysis was performed. Descriptive and inferential levels including Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling (SEM) were performed. The results showed that between brand performance on brand trust with an impact factor of 0.54, brand performance on brand image with an impact factor of 0.45, brand trust on brand image with an impact factor of 0.25, brand performance on loyalty To the brand with an impact factor of 0.68, brand image on the brand equity with an impact factor of 0.76, brand loyalty on the variables of brand equity and consumer buying behavior with an impact factor of 0.90 and 0.61 and brand equity, respectively. There is a positive and significant relationship between consumer purchasing behavior and an impact factor of 0.44. Therefore, the main hypothesis of the research was confirmed. However, the effect of brand trust directly on the variable of consumer purchasing behavior with an impact factor of 0.04 was not significant. Manuscript profile
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        97 - Designing a Template for the Outcomes of Setting up a Pop-up Store in the Retail Industry of Fast-moving Consumer Goods: a Mixed Research
        nesa mohammadi hamidreza saeidnia Kambiz Heidarzadeh
        10.30495/jomm.2022.61844.1844
        This research’s main aim is to design a template for the outcomes of setting up a pop-up store in the retail industry of fast-moving consumer goods. With regard to purpose, it is an exploratory-applied study conducted through a mixed qualitative-quantitative appro More
        This research’s main aim is to design a template for the outcomes of setting up a pop-up store in the retail industry of fast-moving consumer goods. With regard to purpose, it is an exploratory-applied study conducted through a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach; in the qualitative section, the conceptual model of the research was designed and developed with 6 categories, 42 concepts and 702 codes by relying on Glaser Foundation’s data theory and using open, axial, and theoretical coding strategies while conducting fourteen deep semi-structured interviews with some chosen managers and experts of active businesses in the fast-moving consumer goods industry as well as using the targeted judgmental sampling method to achieve the theoretical saturation point. In the quantitative section, based on the designed concepts, a questionnaire consisting of 129 sayings, compilation and statistical population; managers and experts of marketing, branding, sales, advertising, product development and communication with the customers of commercial companies of the fast-moving consumer goods industry; is conducted. Through targeted random sampling method, 445 questionnaires will be distributed among them, 352 of which will be analyzed. To analyze the quantitative data and confirm the template, Multi-level Confirmatory Factor Analysis and One Sample T-Test through the Smart PLS software have been used to check the specified questions of the research in accordance with the conceptual model. The results of Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirm the concepts and categories detected in the format of the proposed research template. Furthermore, Goodness-of-Fit Indexes demonstrate that the data and the structure of the research’s designed template have a good fit and are approved. Manuscript profile
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        98 - Investigate the difference of the impact of brand engagement (consumption of content and contribution of content) on social media between Generations X and Y
        sara rostamizad K. Heidarzadeh fereshteh lotfizadeh
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of the impact of brand engagement (consumption of content and contribution of content) on social media between Generations X and Y. in terms of goal, is an applied research and in terms of data collection metho More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of the impact of brand engagement (consumption of content and contribution of content) on social media between Generations X and Y. in terms of goal, is an applied research and in terms of data collection method is descriptive. In order to gather information in this research, library and field method and a standardized questionnaire whose reliability was confirmed by Cronbach 's alpha coefficient and its composite reliability and its validity was confirmed by Convergent Validity and content validity, were used. The statistical population is the students of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, who has an Instagram page the study sample was calculated using Cochran's formula of 400 people who were selected using stratified sampling method. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and Minitab software and all hypotheses were confirmed at 95% confidence level. The results show that Brand Affiliation motivation, Investigation Motivation, Opportunity Seeking motivation, Conversation motivation, Contribution of content, e-WOM referral intention is higher in Generation Y than in Generation X. Entertainment motivation and Consumption of content is higher in the Generation X than in Generation Y. Manuscript profile
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        99 - The role of brand forgiveness in the relationship between brand transgression and consumer coping behavior (case study: Yazd Irankhodro agencies)
        amirhosein shahidi shahnaz nayebzadeh
        The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of brand forgiveness in the relationship between brand transgression and consumer coping behavior.  This research was applied in terms of purpose and was descriptive-correlational in terms of da More
        The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of brand forgiveness in the relationship between brand transgression and consumer coping behavior.  This research was applied in terms of purpose and was descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection method. The statistical population in this study were the real customers of Iran Khodro Company in 2019 who have used the products and services of this company at least once in 2019, Sampling method in this research was random sampling, and 125 questionnaires had been analysed. To analyse the data in this study, descriptive statistics were used using spss21 software and to confirm the relationships between variables and factors through confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling technique, SMART PLS2 software was used. The results of the research showed that brand transgression behaviour has a direct and significant effect on the coping behavior of Iran Khodro consumers in this sample and brand forgiveness has a mediating role in the relationship between brand transgression behaviour and coping behaviour. This study by examining one of the main brands of car manufactures in Iran and due to examining the transgression behaviour of this brand in the form of indicators of negative experiences in the past, image incongruence and corporate wrongdoing, provides a good insight to the managers of this industry. Strengthen the sense of brand forgiveness in brand communication programs help to prevent coping behaviours such as brand switching, complaints, revenge and likely to buy. Manuscript profile
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        100 - The Impact of Fashion Innovativeness (FI) on Consumer-based Brand Equity
        Sayed mohammad Shamszadeh alavi
        In this this study the researcher investigated the impact of fashion innovativeness (FI) on consumer-based brand equity. Brand equity refers to brand image, love-marks and brand loyalty. The sample for this study are 240 consumers from Hacoupian men clothing brand in Te More
        In this this study the researcher investigated the impact of fashion innovativeness (FI) on consumer-based brand equity. Brand equity refers to brand image, love-marks and brand loyalty. The sample for this study are 240 consumers from Hacoupian men clothing brand in Tehran city. This study used survey questionnaire for data collection to describe different relationships and correlations between all variables and phenomena at the individual level and SPSS applied for data analysis. The result of this study indicated that fashion innovativeness positively affect consumer-based brand equity (brand image, love-marks and brand loyalty) in Hacoupian men clothing brand in Tehran city. Moreover based on the result rand image positively affect love-marks and love-marks can positively affect and enhanced the consumers’ brand loyalty. Therefore based on the result of this study managers, brand investigators and business developers may enhance consumer-based brand equity by focusing and enhancing FI, brand image, love-marks and brand loyalty. Manuscript profile
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        101 - Presenting the model of the effect of entrepreneurial marketing dimensions on consumer behavior with the approach of structural equations in startups in the field of new technology
        HAMIDEH reshadatjo amir ebrahimpour
        The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial marketing dimensions on consumer behavior in IT area of startups. This research is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The community surveyed are all co More
        The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial marketing dimensions on consumer behavior in IT area of startups. This research is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The community surveyed are all consumers who have used the services of five startups (Linkup, Smart Forever, Pigam, Picto, and Onar). To collect information using Morgan's table to determine the sample size, 384 questionnaires were analyzed by random sampling method among sample members, distribution and information by structural equation analysis method and through plus software. All research hypotheses have been confirmed and the effect of entrepreneurial marketing dimensions (pre-eminence, risk-taking, opportunism, innovation, human resource leverage, value creation, firm's tendency to marketing, intellectual and social capital) on consumer behavior to prove Receipt. The results showed that the dimensions of entrepreneurial marketing by influencing consumer behavior, on a better understanding of the use of entrepreneurial and creative marketing among IT startups can increase satisfaction, loyalty and trust among consumers. Manuscript profile
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        102 - Investing the Impact of restaurant authenticity on consumer's evaluation of perceived values of product with regard to moderating role of place attachment
        mosayeb darvish
        Maintaining the customer's interest in re-visiting is an important issue in the face of close competition. Focusing on customer needs means paying attention to product quality and customer service, and many companies that once pioneered technology or low prices are now More
        Maintaining the customer's interest in re-visiting is an important issue in the face of close competition. Focusing on customer needs means paying attention to product quality and customer service, and many companies that once pioneered technology or low prices are now competing for product quality and better customer service. In this regard, after introducing the general framework of the research in the first chapter, the data were collected through the field. The statistical population of the study is the consumers of traditional restaurants in Yazd. A questionnaire consisting of 24 questions was designed for field collection and distributed in the statistical population of the research. A total of 804 standard questionnaires were collected based on Morgan table and analyzed using T-student fan in LISREL software environment. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and was confirmed with a value of 0.931. The results showed that restaurant credibility has the most direct effect between consumer satisfaction and loyalty and also restaurant credibility can affect the relevant effective variables such as satisfaction, peak experience and lifestyle appropriateness. In other words, the reputation of the restaurant affects the perception and behavior of consumers. Manuscript profile
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        103 - Influential variables on changing consumer attitudes based on cognitive dissonance approach
        fatemeh ashouri Naser Azad Abdullah naami mahmoud modiri
        10.30495/jomm.2022.63056.1866
        According to the theory of incoherence, a person's cognitions (such as thoughts, attitudes, and beliefs) may be coherent, incoherent, or irrelevant. Reducing inconsistency is done by adding, subtracting or replacing cognitions. Accordingly, it is possible to use the cap More
        According to the theory of incoherence, a person's cognitions (such as thoughts, attitudes, and beliefs) may be coherent, incoherent, or irrelevant. Reducing inconsistency is done by adding, subtracting or replacing cognitions. Accordingly, it is possible to use the capacity of rail transportation by using appropriate strategies to reduce cognitive inconsistency and also change the attitude of consumers, and even this issue can increase the capacity of this industry. There are several reductions that are evaluated in this study according to the attitudes of consumers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a model to change consumer attitudes with emphasis on the theory of cognitive inconsistency. Used among the statistical community of the rail transport industry. In qualitative research, by performing the theme coding method, the theoretical model was reached and then the effective variables were calculated through Dematel method and fuzzy ANP. It is a variable of consumer attitude. Manuscript profile
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        104 - Investigate the Effect of Social Media Personalization on Perceived Brand Value and Brand Loyalty with the Mediating Role of Brand Interaction and Consumer (Case Study: Snap Company)
        Maria Hoseinzade Shirzili farzad asayesh Mohammad Reza Ghorbanian
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of social media personalization on perceived brand value and brand loyalty with the mediating role of brand interaction and consumer in Tehran. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and based on the dat More
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of social media personalization on perceived brand value and brand loyalty with the mediating role of brand interaction and consumer in Tehran. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and based on the data collection method, it is a descriptive survey. The statistical population of the study is all customers of SNAP in Tehran and a simple sampling method is available. Using Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as a sample. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was 0.829. The validity of the research tool has also been investigated by confirmatory factor analysis technique. Then, the data were analyzed by structural equation modeling using Smart PLS software. The results of examining the research hypotheses indicate that Social media personalization influences brand interaction and consumer, perceived value, behavioral intent, and pricing. On the other hand, brand interaction and consumer affect perceived value, behavioral intention and pricing. Finally, social media personalization plays a role in perceived value, behavioral intent, and appropriate pricing with the mediating role of brand interaction and consumer. Manuscript profile
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        105 - Presenting a Quantitative Model of the Use of Social Media Influencers in the Behavior of Luxury Cosmetics Industry Consumers
        Seyed Aref Asgharzadeh Shiadeh mehd Rouholamini Shiba Masoumi Azadeh Kiapour
        Introduction: Using from the celebrities to endorse products and services, especially cosmetics has an impact on consumer behavior. As a result, the aim of this study was to presenting a quantitative model of the use of social media influencers in the behavior of luxury More
        Introduction: Using from the celebrities to endorse products and services, especially cosmetics has an impact on consumer behavior. As a result, the aim of this study was to presenting a quantitative model of the use of social media influencers in the behavior of luxury cosmetics industry consumers. Methods: The current research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was survey. The research population was Persian-speaking consumers of luxury cosmetics on the social media in the 2022 year. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire of social media influencers in the behavior of luxury cosmetics industry consumers (130 items), which was sent to the samples via email, WhatsApp, Telegram, Instagram, Facebook and YouTube. Number of 500 questionnaires were distributed among the samples that were selected as available and number of 310 case of them were returned and 38 case were removed due to defects and finally 272 questionnaires were analyzed. Data were analyzed with the exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods in SPSS and Smart PLS software. Results: The findings showed that the researcher-made questionnaire of social media influencers in the behavior of luxury cosmetics industry consumers had 93 items in 32 components and 11 dimensions, which were included the dimensions of social media influencers characteristics (with three components), brand characteristics (with three components), change in the way of marketing (with two components), technological changes (with two components), people's biological changes (with two components), advertising effectiveness (with three components), government factors (with two components), social insight from social media (with two component), measuring the success of influencer advertising (with two components), using from different marketing strategies (with two components) and process of using social media influencers (with nine components). Also, the factor load of all the items was higher than 0.70 and the average variance extracted, validity ratio and Cronbach's reliability of all components were higher than 0.50, 0.70 and 0.80, respectively. In addition, the final model of the use of social media influencers in the behavior of luxury cosmetics industry consumers had a good fit, and in this model, the dimensions of people's biological changes, technological changes and changes in the way of marketing on the process of using social media influencers, the dimensions of social media influencers characteristics, brand characteristics, process of using social media influencers, social insight from social media and government factors on the each of the two dimensions of using from different marketing strategies and measuring the success of influencer advertising and the dimensions of using from different marketing strategies and measuring the success of influencer advertising on the effectiveness of advertisements had a direct and significant effect (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the identified dimensions and components in the quantitative model of the use of social media influencers in the behavior of luxury cosmetics industry consumers can be changed the conditions to change the behavior of consumers and provide the basis for increasing the behavior of luxury cosmetics industry consumers. Manuscript profile
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        106 - A Review of Tourism Destination Love: Management Implications for Tourism Businesses
        Abas Falahnezhad Mohammad ail abdolvand Kambiz Heidarzadeh MOHSEN khounsiavash
        10.30495/jomm.2023.69332.1969
        Today, branding for tourist destinations and attracting the attention and creating the love and interest of tourists for these destinations is considered a strategy for tourist destinations, which plays a vital role in the performance of destination management, in order More
        Today, branding for tourist destinations and attracting the attention and creating the love and interest of tourists for these destinations is considered a strategy for tourist destinations, which plays a vital role in the performance of destination management, in order to expand their tourism opportunities and differentiate goals from competitors and finally achieve competitive advantage. Therefore, due to the importance of tourism, which has a significant impact on the environment, culture, and economy, establishing a strong emotional link between tourists and tourist destinations can be very effective in attracting tourists and, as a result, increasing income and sustainable development due to the tourism industry. Destination love is a phenomenon experienced by a group of satisfied visitors, and satisfied visitors become loyal tourists, thereby reducing costs. Since today the importance of this construct has increased as an emerging issue for academics and professionals, therefore, the purpose of this review research is to draw a clear and comprehensive picture of the phenomenon of tourist destination love and also to present management concepts and applications for tourism businesses. This review provides an in-depth insight into policymakers and planners active in tourism and hospitality businesses. Manuscript profile
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        107 - Designing and explaining the model of consumer personality traits based on the impulse buying approach in international market with a mixed method
        Rahele Ansari Seyyed Hassan Hatami-nasab Shahnaz Nayebzadeh
        Introduction: This research was conducted with the aim of designing and explaining the model of consumer personality traits based on the impulse buying approach. Research design/methodology/approach: The methodology of the current research was descriptive-exploratory More
        Introduction: This research was conducted with the aim of designing and explaining the model of consumer personality traits based on the impulse buying approach. Research design/methodology/approach: The methodology of the current research was descriptive-exploratory with a mixed approach (sequential type, qualitative-quantitative). The steps include: conducting interviews with women with impulse buying experience and data analysis using the theme analysis method to form the model and then testing and validating the model to identify the final pattern. The participants of the research in the qualitative part were the women of 2 neighboring countries of the Persian Gulf along with 2 southern provinces of Iran, whose impulsiveness in using cosmetics was proven by using RFM and Barratt (1994) tests. In the quantitative part, the statistical population includes all women who use a lot of cosmetics in 3 countries on the edge of the Persian Gulf and women in the southern provinces of Iran. Also, the qualitative analysis of the data obtained from the interviews in the upcoming research was done using the theme analysis method and quantitative data analysis using SPSS and SmartPLS 3 software and at a significance level of 5%. Findings: The findings showed that the research conceptual model includes the variables: feeling the need to buy, tendency to buy impulsively, impulsive buying behavior, consequences, memorization and shopping saturation that this model was tested in the quantitative section and the findings showed at the 95% confidence level, except for one path, all the paths of the model are approved and meaningful. Manuscript profile
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        108 - Designing a Retail Space Model and Self-Concept, Customer Consumerism with a Grounded Theory Approach
        beyza ghasemi mehd Rouholamini Ali sorayaei
        10.30495/jomm.2023.71246.2003
        The purpose of the current is research Designing a retail space model and self-concept, customer consumerism with a Grounded theory approach And research is inductive in nature and qualitative in method And the data collection tool is a semi-structured interview And the More
        The purpose of the current is research Designing a retail space model and self-concept, customer consumerism with a Grounded theory approach And research is inductive in nature and qualitative in method And the data collection tool is a semi-structured interview And the researchers used a set of non-probabilistic purposive sampling methods to select the sample And data collection continued to the stage of theoretical saturation And 14 interviews with experts and university professors and experienced managers in the field of management were conducted And the approach used in the research is grounded Theory technique and Coding done in 3 stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding In open coding, the categories and concepts extracted from the interviews were listed And similar categories were grouped into main categories And in the axial coding of the extracted categories With the axes of causal factors, the contexts of strategies and intervening measures, facilitators and deterrents and outcomes were analyzed and In selective coding, the type of relationships between criteria and sub-criteria was presented in the form of a grounded theory paradigm and Max QDA software was used to analyze the data. The results show that in the causal factors of the design of the external area in the central factors of the interior environment of the store In the factors background, Individual demographic psychological and social cultural characteristics of the customer In strategies, management factors of store products and support activities Facilitating and inhibiting factors were identified in the interferer and customer consequences and store consequences were identified in the consequence factors. Manuscript profile
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        109 - The Relationship between Social Media Marketing and Consumer Behavior Based on Age Group with the Mediating Role of Brand Equity in Irancell Communication Services Company
        Zeinab Shabaninejad Ehsaneh Nejad Mohammad Nameghi Hassan Esmailpour
        10.30495/jomm.2023.70340.1987
        How to make a brand valuable in the mind of the customer has become one of the main challenges of companies. One of these valuable resources that has not received much attention is the media and social networks. This research examines the impact of social media on brand More
        How to make a brand valuable in the mind of the customer has become one of the main challenges of companies. One of these valuable resources that has not received much attention is the media and social networks. This research examines the impact of social media on brand equity from the customers' point of view, as well as their effects on consumer behavior. In terms of the method of data collection, the current research is a descriptive survey and it is considered applied study in terms of purpose. The purpose of present study is to test theoretical concepts in real situations and to solve concrete problems, and in terms of the relationship between variables, is considered correlational, and library studies and distribution of questionnaires were used to collect the data of the statistical community of social network advertising recipients. The statistical population was the audience of social media advertisements. Cluster sampling method was used to determine the composition of the sample. Out of 504 available samples, 384 people responded, which was 76%. In the current research, a questionnaire tool was used, which was adjusted based on the Likert scale. After the descriptive survey of the statistical population of the research, using inferential methods, the statistical analysis of the obtained studies has been undertaken to test the hypotheses through SPSS 22 software. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the distribution of the variables, the analysis of variance was used to check the significance of the difference between the variables, and the correlation was used to check the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The main research model has also been tested through Lisrel software and structural equation technique and through factor analysis of the data. The results indicate the confirmation of all the hypotheses and at the end, suggestions have been presented in line with the research hypotheses. Manuscript profile
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        110 - Presenting a model of marketing market variables of potential markets with a value-based approach to dairy products (Case study: Regional market of Iranian dairy products) Provide a model of marketing effectiveness variables
        Zahra Rahimi Naser Azad Abdullah Naami Mahmoud Modiri
        10.30495/jomm.2023.68082.1947
        Introduction: Considering that the most important effort of marketers and managers today is to take measures to create, increase and maintain market share. The purpose of this study is to present a model of the effectiveness of marketing dimensions of potential markets More
        Introduction: Considering that the most important effort of marketers and managers today is to take measures to create, increase and maintain market share. The purpose of this study is to present a model of the effectiveness of marketing dimensions of potential markets with a value-based approach to dairy products.Method: The method of this research was qualitative-quantitative. In the qualitative method, the thematic method was used to obtain the dimensions and criteria that were obtained during the three coding steps. By semi-structured interviews with selected experts, 6 related experts were formed through a judgmental method and the effective dimensions model was presented. The interviews were followed until the theoretical saturation of the data. In a quantitative method, by generating paired questionnaires and distributing them among 10 experts, we analyzed the obtained dimensional data using the fuzzy dimtel method and the fuzzy ANP method. The statistical community has been the potential market of Iraq.Results: Based on the results, the effective variables of this study included potential market dimensions and marketing values. The first influential variable of potential market, which has the dimensions of competitive price, consumer market and product quality, is the second influential variable of marketing values, which have the components of creating the need and strategy of choice and customer satisfaction. Manuscript profile
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        111 - Evaluation of the Effect of Country-of-origin Image, Product Knowledge and Product Involvement on Consumer Purchase Decisions
        K. Heidarzadeh Sh. Khosrozadeh
        Consumer behavior involves many activities. Each consumer has thoughts, feelings, plans, decisions and purchases. An observer who looks only at the act of purchase is likely to miss many of the relevant activities. Marketers should find how consumers can gather informa More
        Consumer behavior involves many activities. Each consumer has thoughts, feelings, plans, decisions and purchases. An observer who looks only at the act of purchase is likely to miss many of the relevant activities. Marketers should find how consumers can gather information about different choices and how they apply such information in selecting competitor&rsquo;s products, how consumers decide to purchase and why the purchase process and purchase reasons of different consumers are varied. Relative information about consumer&rsquo;s behavior will be used in predicting and recognizing their activities in the market. Therefore, it is necessary to have complete information about factors affected on buyer&rsquo;s behavior and their relation with purchase decision. The present research aimed at evaluation of the effect of country-of-origin image, product knowledge and product involvement on consumer purchase decisions. The research model is based on the research model of Lin and Chen 2006 and the main variables were the followings: Country-of-origin Image Product knowledge Product Involvement Consumer Purchase Decisions Information Search Intention&nbsp; Purchase Intention Samples were collected from the students of the Islamic Azad University (Tehran Science and Research Branch) and the selective product was cell phone. Sample size was 379 respondents and multiple regression analysis was used to test 9 hypotheses. The result showed that the country of origin image, product knowledge and product involvement all have a significantly positive effect on consumer purchase decision. Manuscript profile
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        112 - Evaluating the Factors Influencing the Adoption of Internet Banking: An Integration of TAM and TPB with Perceived Risk and Perceived Benefit
        M. A. Abdolvand H. Abdolazimi
        Almost the cost of each internet trade is a third of one which the bank teller does. Development of new technology has been caused people to do their banking at home. Banking industry has reacted toward the costumers changing demands, social change trends, communication More
        Almost the cost of each internet trade is a third of one which the bank teller does. Development of new technology has been caused people to do their banking at home. Banking industry has reacted toward the costumers changing demands, social change trends, communication technology development, distribution channel strategies in finance services and has paced with technology. Today Internet banking is as one of the modern services and technology for us. The importance of this role is so significant that we cannot live without internet services. In the present study, it is tried to analyze this significant point by evaluating the influencing factors an internet banking acceptance by integrating TAM and TPB models and the costumers perceived risk and benefit. In this study, face to face questionnaire method is used for data collection and it was analyzed by SPSS software. The results of this study show that the ease of use, expected benefits, subjective norms, perceived behavior control and&nbsp; perceived profits have a positive influence on intention to use internet banking. Also, all these five mentioned risks have a negative influence on people's attitude toward internet banking, which the effect of security risk is more than other ones. The ease of use has also a more positive influence than other factors on attitude toward using internet banking. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        113 - Role and Effect of Psychological and Brand Antecedents on Luxury Consumpation Among Youth Adults
        M. A. Abdolvand N. Reihani
        The knowledge of consumer' behavior is considered essential for successful&nbsp;marketing. This is even more important for luxury products, because&nbsp;motives for buying special products are more psychological. In recent&nbsp;years, due to advanced technology, the pur More
        The knowledge of consumer' behavior is considered essential for successful&nbsp;marketing. This is even more important for luxury products, because&nbsp;motives for buying special products are more psychological. In recent&nbsp;years, due to advanced technology, the purchase of luxury products has&nbsp;become the goal of many people, especially young adults. This study&nbsp;examines consumer behavior of young people (aged 18 to 35) purchasing&nbsp;luxury products. We focus on brand antecedents and psychological&nbsp;antecedents. Variables such as gaining respect, gaining popularity, getting&nbsp;noticed by others, showing who I am, symbol of success, symbol of&nbsp;prestige, indicates wealth, indicates achievement, interest in status, and&nbsp;enhances my image are psychological antecedents; other variables like&nbsp;brand symbolism, brand image congruency and self-concept, brand&nbsp;familiarity and brand aroused feelings are brand antecedents. The study&nbsp;distributed a questionnaire to 525 consumers of luxury watches in Tehran&nbsp;City. The findings show that two criteria significantly affect the&nbsp;consumption behavior of luxury products among youth. Also, the strength&nbsp;of influence for each variables differed due to revenue level, education and&nbsp;sexuality. According to the results, we can apply better communication&nbsp;strategies to this section of the target market. Manuscript profile
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        114 - Changes in Consumer Behavior in the Wake of Sanctions
        P. Ghaffari Ashtiyani A. Mozafari Z. Alemojtaba
        The current situation in Iran and the intensification of sanctions against Iran, has made some&nbsp;application development as a necessity which One of these is the use of Iranian goods. Using Iranian&nbsp;products cause domestic industrial growth, lower unemployment, l More
        The current situation in Iran and the intensification of sanctions against Iran, has made some&nbsp;application development as a necessity which One of these is the use of Iranian goods. Using Iranian&nbsp;products cause domestic industrial growth, lower unemployment, lower exports of crude oil and&nbsp;mineral resources... and also Reduce the impact of external sanctions and reducing injuries on the&nbsp;body of the Iranian economy which is the main target of sanctions.&nbsp;Therefore, this study seeks to identify and examine the factors that influence consumer of Iranian&nbsp;goods. By putting the basis of the theory of planned behavior, attempt to estimate the factors influence&nbsp;Iranian consumer purchase intention to buy Iranian product. The study also by adding the two&nbsp;variables of knowledge and attitude towards sanctions tries to gain a deeper understanding of the&nbsp;current situation in Iran. Moreover due to the strong influence of attitude, related factors such as price&nbsp;and quality perception and also perception of Iranian manufacturer competence of the products has&nbsp;been studied.&nbsp;The results show that the perceived price, perceived quality and perceived competence of Iranian&nbsp;manufacturer, have positive impact on attitudes toward Iranian product and also perceived behavioral&nbsp;control, attitude, subjective norm, knowledge and attitude towards sanctions, positively influence&nbsp;consumer purchase intention of Iranian product. Manuscript profile
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        115 - The Study of Effective Factors on Cosmetic Impulse Buying
        P. Ghaffari Ashtiyani B. Akbari
        Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess factors affecting the impulse buying of cosmetics. Methodology: This is a practical research in purpose and causal in nature. Structural equation modeling is used as the statistical method of the research. Data analysis i More
        Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess factors affecting the impulse buying of cosmetics. Methodology: This is a practical research in purpose and causal in nature. Structural equation modeling is used as the statistical method of the research. Data analysis is performed using LISREL. Data collection has been conducted using field study and questionnaire tool. Women of Khorram Abad who use cosmetics constitute the population of the study. Results: The results generally indicate that store environment, shopping enjoyment, and product involvement have positive effects on the impulse purchase of cosmetics. Moreover, window-shopping enhances impulse shopping indirectly, thorough influencing the shopping enjoyment. Limitations: The present study is conducted on the women living in a specific area, within a specific period, through obtaining a limited sample, and merely concerns cosmetics. Therefore, one needs to be cautious in generalizing the results to other communities and other types of products.&nbsp; Managerial implications: This study provides the manufacturers and suppliers of beauty products with a better understanding of consumer behavior concerning impulse purchase of such products.&nbsp; Innovativeness: In this research, for the first time, there has been an attempt to investigate the aggregate influence of environmental, individual, and product-related factors on impulse purchasing. Manuscript profile
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        116 - Examining Relationship between Influential Factors on Consumers’ National Pride and Purchasing Behavior in Foreign Products in Khorasan Razavi Province
        E. Goharjoo T. Sadeghi A. Zendedel
        This study is of descriptive and applied type of research. The aim of this study is testing the relationship between consumers&rsquo; national pride and his modes. Population includes all purchasing stations of consumers including retailers, chain markets, supplying mar More
        This study is of descriptive and applied type of research. The aim of this study is testing the relationship between consumers&rsquo; national pride and his modes. Population includes all purchasing stations of consumers including retailers, chain markets, supplying markets in Mashhad and Neyshabur which considering its volume, 385 people were selected in multi stage sampling method. The results of data analysis were measured using descriptive and inferential statistics. For analyzing data in descriptive level SPSS version 19 and in inferential level Lizerel software were used. Finally the results indicate that there is no analytical relationship between demographics and national pride. There is no positive relationship between psychosocial factors, culture, importance of product purchasing and national pride and there is an inverse and significant relationship between necessity of product purchasing and its importance. This study has some limitations: Unavailability of authentic articles for literature, consumers&rsquo; unfamiliarity with the term &ldquo;national pride&rdquo;. Results of data analysis indicates of low national pride among Iranian and so low tendency toward purchasing domestic products. This issue imposes numerous losses to domestic business and economy. Manuscript profile
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        117 - Presentation of Integrated Model of Consumer Behavior in Electronic Shopping
        H. Shafizadeh S. I. Seyedi I. Ghasemi Dalarsetaghi
        Consumers' behavior at the time of shopping on the internet like the traditional model of shopping is the result of some cultural, social, individual, psychological, etc factors. In the recent years researchers have considered shopping behavior in the internet environme More
        Consumers' behavior at the time of shopping on the internet like the traditional model of shopping is the result of some cultural, social, individual, psychological, etc factors. In the recent years researchers have considered shopping behavior in the internet environment and also have designed different models for electronic consumer behavior meanwhile identifying influencing factors. Compilation and review of different perspectives seemingly disparate and an integrated model of consumer behavior presentation is the primary purpose of this article. The article is dialectical and based on analysis, combination and integration of consumer behavior literature. Findings show despite the wide and repeated researches and studies about electronic consumer behavior areas like trust, electronic contracts, prospect, motivators, motives, etc. count to survey the electronic consumer behavior still. The paper using electronic consumer behavior literature and previous empirical researches and by presentation some new influencing factors on the consumer behavior has presented an integrated model of electronic consumer behavior while helping retailers in understanding the electronic consumer behavior.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        118 - Recognizing and Ranking Consumers' Purchasing Criteria for Mid-Range Priced Passenger Cars in Tehran, Using Fuzzy AHP
        M. A. Abdolvand S. Fereidounfar
        Understanding consumers&rsquo; needs and purchasing process, is the basis for&nbsp;successful marketing. Recognizing how consumers pass through problem&nbsp;recognition, information gathering, the evaluation of different alternatives&nbsp;purchase decision-making and po More
        Understanding consumers&rsquo; needs and purchasing process, is the basis for&nbsp;successful marketing. Recognizing how consumers pass through problem&nbsp;recognition, information gathering, the evaluation of different alternatives&nbsp;purchase decision-making and post-purchase behavior are all guidelines for&nbsp;meeting customers needs. On the other hand, knowing the people who are&nbsp;participants in the purchase process and the factors that influence their&nbsp;buying behavior helps marketers offer effective programs for supplying&nbsp;goods and services to the target market.&nbsp;This research has been done to identify the factors that influence the&nbsp;behavior of customers who purchase Iranian passenger cars in order to&nbsp;supply a product which increases their satisfaction increases car companies,&nbsp;market share and the effectiveness of advertisements related to such&nbsp;products.&nbsp;Here, a technique has been presented for ranking purchasing criteria of&nbsp;passenger cars valued at 100-150 million Rials in Tehran, under a fuzzy&nbsp;setting.&nbsp;A methodology is offered based on the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy&nbsp;Process.&nbsp;This model includes eight main criteria which are Exterior, Interior,&nbsp;Convenience, Performance, Safety and Security, Economic Aspects, Sales&nbsp;and delivery services and After-sales services, their related sub-criteria and&nbsp;ten additional alternatives (Verna Hyundai, Gol, Peugeot 405 Glx, Peugeot&nbsp;206 SD, Peugeot 206 V20, Peugeot 206 V8, Samand, Samand LX, Peugeot&nbsp;Pars &amp; Kia Rio).&nbsp;The results showed that Safety and security, Performance, Exterior and&nbsp;Convenience are the most important factors for consumers when passenger&nbsp;car models in the 100 to150 million Rials cost range respectively. Manuscript profile
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        119 - Exploring the Role of Parental Communication Patterns about Children’s Perception of their Influence over Purchases
        K. Heidarzadeh N. Motamedi
        Socialization by children is seen as taking place within a socio-cultural&nbsp;environment where family patterns of communication play a pivotal role.The&nbsp;socio-and concept-orientation are two predominant parental communication&nbsp;styles that are likely to affect More
        Socialization by children is seen as taking place within a socio-cultural&nbsp;environment where family patterns of communication play a pivotal role.The&nbsp;socio-and concept-orientation are two predominant parental communication&nbsp;styles that are likely to affect the perceived influence that children believe&nbsp;they hold. This study focuses on the perceived influence of children resulting&nbsp;from the communication pattern adopted by parents. Research is conducted&nbsp;among a dyad consisting of parent and child . Results are reported,&nbsp;conclusions are drawn and recommendations for future research are made.&nbsp;This research that is about the role of parental communication patterns&nbsp;about children&rsquo;s perception of their influence over purchase showed the&nbsp;positive relationship between a child&rsquo;s perceived influence on consumption&nbsp;choice decision and the level of concept &ndash; orientation held by the parent and&nbsp;no relationship was found between level of socio- orientation held by the&nbsp;parent and child&rsquo;s perception. It was also found that children of consensual&nbsp;family communication patterns exhibit the highest level of perceived&nbsp;influence on purchase and These will be followed by those from &ldquo;Plurastic&rsquo;,&ldquo;Protective&rsquo; and &ldquo;Laissez - Faire&rdquo; families. Manuscript profile
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        120 - The Influence of Hedonic Values on Consumer Behaviors
        K. Heidarzadeh E. Hasani Parsa
        Nowadays in order to success, know about consumption values of customers and the effect of that on consumer behavior is one of the important and crucial issues. Attention to change of the modern markets consumer values and customers different sections based on different More
        Nowadays in order to success, know about consumption values of customers and the effect of that on consumer behavior is one of the important and crucial issues. Attention to change of the modern markets consumer values and customers different sections based on different consumer values, merchants should be aware and sensitive about different consuming needs and the selection of products in different section. Current experiment is studying about effect of hedonic values on utilitarian orientation, novelty seeking, brand consciousness, responsiveness to promotion stimuli, and preference for foreign brand and moderating role of personal income on relationship between hedonic values and brand consciousness. In order to collect the required information, using questionnaire, chosen 400 persons between the science and research branch of Islamic Azad University&rsquo;s collegian at Stratified random sampling proportional to size &nbsp;and the hypothesizes were examined by finding a model of structural equations. The aim of this research is applied and the style of that is survey. According &nbsp; to &nbsp;the result of investigation, by increasing hedonic values, the consumer&rsquo;s orientation to utilitarian values decrease. Therefore, hedonic values has positive impact for increasing the novelty seeking, brand consciousness, responsiveness to promotion stimuli and preference for foreign brand. In the other side, personal income as a regulators variant impact positively on the relation between hedonic values and &nbsp; brand consciousness.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        121 - A Study on the Effective Factors on Young Consumer’s Green Willingness: Tehran case study
        K. Hamdi F. Ghaffari A. Afsordegan
        Community progress and the increasing attention to the environment have led numerous companies to regard green concepts as the main source of their strategic shift in company technology and creativity in the products. Moreover,&nbsp;&nbsp; the environmental issues have More
        Community progress and the increasing attention to the environment have led numerous companies to regard green concepts as the main source of their strategic shift in company technology and creativity in the products. Moreover,&nbsp;&nbsp; the environmental issues have increasingly become a major concern in Tehran to the effect of applying a number of barriers epidemic production method and environmental principles.&nbsp; The companies have begun to realize the importance of brand green marketing concepts. This study focused on the factors that tend to buy environmentally friendly products in youth as well as ranking these factors. This new research- following&nbsp;&nbsp; a new perspective as compared to the previous studies which used a strategies marketing mix to examine factors affecting the behavior of green purchasing &ndash; has discussed the related issues in the framework of consumer behavior theory and social marketing. The statistical populations were between 15 to 29 years old and data collection was done based on questionnaire. Data collection was done through a sample survey on the number of stores in Tehran and 430 respondents were selected to answer to a questionnaire. Secondary data from journals, books and other resources have been collected as well.&nbsp; This study showed that consumers in Tehran have had a strong willingness to buy green products because of their considerable knowledge of green products.&nbsp; The results showed that factors which had the greatest impact in purchasing of green products were social influence, environmental concerns, perceived environmental responsibility and concern for self-image in environmental protection in the young people. The study also contains recommendations on the marketing strategies which lead to the consumers&rsquo; willingness towards the purchase of&nbsp; environmentally friendly products . Manuscript profile
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        122 - Designing a Mathematical Model for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Advertising Media on Consumer Behavior
        S. Khanmohammadi M. Mohammadi
        Advertising is one of the critical factors for success of any organization,&nbsp;so that advertising plans is implemented with regarding effective factors&nbsp;such as marketing mix, environmental factors and marketing goals in&nbsp;consumer&rsquo;s buying decision maki More
        Advertising is one of the critical factors for success of any organization,&nbsp;so that advertising plans is implemented with regarding effective factors&nbsp;such as marketing mix, environmental factors and marketing goals in&nbsp;consumer&rsquo;s buying decision making process. In this paper a dynamic model&nbsp;for evaluating the effectiveness of using advertising media is introduced. In&nbsp;this model the media planning is employed based on internal and&nbsp;environmental parameters of organizations and their interactions, by using&nbsp;the expert&rsquo;s consults as linguistic fuzzy values. A multiple criteria decision&nbsp;making model is used to assign optimal budget to advertising media. Manuscript profile
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        123 - Exploring the Role of Quality Attributes for Traditional Food Products (With PDO) on Consumer Behavi
        H. Vazifehdoust V. R. Mirabi M. Mohammadi
        Literature review of recent trends underlying the market for quality food&nbsp;products reveals two distinct moves. First, a growing number of consumers&nbsp;have shifted gradually to consumption of regionally denominated products&nbsp;Second, producers have responded t More
        Literature review of recent trends underlying the market for quality food&nbsp;products reveals two distinct moves. First, a growing number of consumers&nbsp;have shifted gradually to consumption of regionally denominated products&nbsp;Second, producers have responded to these changing consumption patterns&nbsp;by supplying regionally denominated foodstuff.&nbsp;This trust of Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) products arising&nbsp;from the high quality of these products shows positive consumer perceptions&nbsp;about the quality of these products. Consequently, when consumers form a&nbsp;value judgment as to their quality perceptions, it becomes necessary to break&nbsp;the concept of quality into two major groups of factors: the intrinsic&nbsp;attributes and the extrinsic attributes. Whereas the consumer must consider&nbsp;brands quality of PDOs, it is necessary to maintain consumer satisfaction.&nbsp;loyalty, and buying intention toward the intrinsic and extrinsic attribute&nbsp;quality of these products to consider a higher price and repeat purchase.&nbsp;To consider the role of intrinsic and extrinsic attributes of traditional food&nbsp;products with PDO in consumers perception, we selected Boldaji Gaz, which&nbsp;has easy consumer recognition. The statistical population of research is&nbsp;consumers of Boldaji Gaz, with a sample size of 384. For survey hypothesis,&nbsp;we used regression analysis and structural equation model tests. The result&nbsp;shows that the effect of perceived quality of the intrinsic attributes on&nbsp;satisfaction is significant; the effect of perceived quality of the intrinsic&nbsp;attributes on satisfaction is not significant; the effect of perceived quality of&nbsp;the extrinsic attributes on satisfaction and loyalty is significant; and effect of satisfaction on loyalty and buying intention and the effect of loyalty on buying intention are significant. Manuscript profile
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        124 - Effect of Brand Extension Strategy on Brand Image on FMCG and Services Sectors
        H. Vazifehdust M. Hariri
        Brand-extension strategies enhance success chances of new products, even though they expose brand image to dilution risks. The present work analyzes how brand-extension evaluation can affect the current brand image and test a theoretical model formed by five main factor More
        Brand-extension strategies enhance success chances of new products, even though they expose brand image to dilution risks. The present work analyzes how brand-extension evaluation can affect the current brand image and test a theoretical model formed by five main factors related to brand associations, extension congruency and extension attitude. The model tested by path analysis using data from 391 surveys developed under market conditions. The results verify that extension attitude influences brand image, whereas initial brand associations and perceived fit between the new product and either the remaining products (category fit) or the brand image (image fit) are able to strengthen consumer attitude. The study also explains the initial image is the significant factor which influences final image. Manuscript profile
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        125 - The Role of Emotional Satisfaction in Customers’ Behavioral Intentions Regarding Service Quality in the Hotel Industry
        M. Haghighi H. R. Saeednia Gh. Kianosh Ghavim
        Purpose- The purpose of this paper is to test a conceptual model of the relationship among the constructs of service quality, emotional satisfaction, and behavioral intentions. Methodology - The research method is applied in approach and descriptive-survey in method. Th More
        Purpose- The purpose of this paper is to test a conceptual model of the relationship among the constructs of service quality, emotional satisfaction, and behavioral intentions. Methodology - The research method is applied in approach and descriptive-survey in method. The statistical research population consists of customers of 4 star hotels in Tehran city and 266 questionnaires were distributed among hotels&rsquo; customers. Cronbach alpha coefficient estimates the reliability of questionnaire. For analyzing the data, structural equation model and t- student test were used. Findings- There is significant relation among service quality, emotional satisfaction and behavioral intentions variables, but relationship between service quality and behavioral intentions is indirect through emotional satisfaction. The foreign visitors have more satisfaction and more positive behavioral intentions related to the hotel and actual person have more powerful behavioral intentions. Research Limitations- This research just focus on some limited variables and it does not consider other variables that have an influence on customers&rsquo; behavioral intentions. Managerial Implications- The study has demonstrated the importance for managers to consider how Service quality influences the customers&rsquo; behavioral intentions. In particular, the importance of measuring customers&rsquo; emotions arise from cognitive appraisals of service quality can be a good predictor for customers&rsquo; behavioral intentions. Originality/Valve- The research provides valuable insights into the role of emotional satisfaction in the hotel service experience. Manuscript profile
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        126 - Evaluation of Consumer Preferences in the Consumer Decision-Making Process of Foreign Goods
        K. Heidarzadeh H. Zand Hesami M. M. Hasanloo
        Increasing competition in global markets and consequent increase in&nbsp;marketing costs has made essential the improvement of effectiveness of&nbsp;marketing activities and strategies. On the other hand, the attractiveness of&nbsp;the Iran market, increasing competitio More
        Increasing competition in global markets and consequent increase in&nbsp;marketing costs has made essential the improvement of effectiveness of&nbsp;marketing activities and strategies. On the other hand, the attractiveness of&nbsp;the Iran market, increasing competition among foreign products, and lack of&nbsp;enough investigation in this area, has made unavoidable the need to do such&nbsp;research in Iran.&nbsp;Through the gap analysis method, this research evaluated Iranian&nbsp;consumers&rsquo; product attitudes, associated marketing practices, and buying&nbsp;preferences concerning products made in Germany and Japan. The results&nbsp;show that consumers evaluate such products differently.&nbsp;In addition, by determining the priority of effective factors on buying&nbsp;preferences, active companies in the Iran market can apply the results to&nbsp;optimize their marketing strategies. Manuscript profile
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        127 - Consumer Emotional Attachments to the Brand: Prerequisites and Outcomes
        B. Kheiry M. Samei Nasr M. Azimpour Khujin
        Research Objective: This research aims to investigating the factors that influence consumer&rsquo;s emotional attachment to the brands and results of this relationship for the companies. Design/methodology/approach: A questionnaire-based survey was used to test the hyp More
        Research Objective: This research aims to investigating the factors that influence consumer&rsquo;s emotional attachment to the brands and results of this relationship for the companies. Design/methodology/approach: A questionnaire-based survey was used to test the hypotheses based on the proposed theoretical model. This paper is based on confirmatory studies that provide a model that explains the relationship between consumer's emotional attachment, prerequisitesand outcomes. A Structural equation modeling is used to assess the hypothetical links. Findings: The findings of the structural model confirm the majority of the hypothesized Relationships. It is found that consumer&rsquo;s emotional attachment affected by brand experience and brand attitudes. In contrast, consumer&rsquo;s satisfaction and brand knowledge have no significant impact on emotional attachment to the brands. Also, emotional attachment to the Brand is considered as an important input to brand loyalty, W.O.M and willing to pay extra prices for brand. Research limitations/implications: Limitations of this study include use of a student sample. Student subjects constitute the sample and the findings are cautiously generalizable to adult populations. Findings of this study will be useful for senior managers of brands operating in competitive and complex business-to-business networks. It is recommended that practitioners use brand relationship measures and develop strategic and tactical initiatives that ensure that consumers are satisfied with the brand, trust it and feel attached to it. Manuscript profile
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        128 - Examining the Effects of Consumers' Personality Traits on Buying Behavior in Retail Stores by Structural Equation Model
        M. Samadi H. Farsizadeh M. Nurani
        This survey examines the effects of consumers' personality traits on&nbsp;buying behavior in retail stores. Research results show that consumers'&nbsp;personality traits can affect customer behavior. This study tests a model in&nbsp;the context of effects of consumers' More
        This survey examines the effects of consumers' personality traits on&nbsp;buying behavior in retail stores. Research results show that consumers'&nbsp;personality traits can affect customer behavior. This study tests a model in&nbsp;the context of effects of consumers' personality traits on buying behavior.&nbsp;The research group (population) includes all customers of Maxim retail store&nbsp;in Tehran province. By the use of a random sampling method, 90 customers&nbsp;have been selected as the research sample. We used Lisrel software for the&nbsp;testing model. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship&nbsp;between consumers' personality traits (social affiliation, social recognition&nbsp;and shopping enjoyment) and customer relationship proneness, and that&nbsp;there is no positive relationship between product category involvement and&nbsp;customer relationship proneness. Also results indicate that consumers'&nbsp;personality traits can positively affect relationship satisfaction, trust,&nbsp;relationship commitment, and buying behavior. This study can contribute to&nbsp;retail stores promoting the efficacy of their marketing endeavors and also in&nbsp;their assessment of consumers' personality traits. Manuscript profile
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        129 - Colour Performance Online: A Study of 8 Colours in Banner Ads and Backgrounds in Defined Conditions
        H. Vazifedoost M. Carey
        In the hazardous environment of contemporary business, online ventures&nbsp;need to predict the performance of their websites; where everything can be&nbsp;gauged in terms of their audience's behaviour in reaction to online exposure.&nbsp;Designing interfaces without ha More
        In the hazardous environment of contemporary business, online ventures&nbsp;need to predict the performance of their websites; where everything can be&nbsp;gauged in terms of their audience's behaviour in reaction to online exposure.&nbsp;Designing interfaces without having a good conception of website&nbsp;components is just a leap in the dark. Intuitive drawing up a patchwork of&nbsp;fonts, words, images, sound, animations, colours, functional parts, etc. may&nbsp;not always bear the exquisite fruit. Nor does ad hoc imagination with trial&nbsp;and error unfailingly let this merry-go-round go round. Designers need to&nbsp;enjoy guidelines which can't lead them on!&nbsp;Colour is the first factor we focused on, from a log file analysis point of&nbsp;view; to be continued by other rings of the chain, hopefully moving towards&nbsp;a comprehensive online consumer behaviour model. Manuscript profile
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        130 - The Impact of Contextual Factors, Brand Loyalty and Brand Switching on Purchase Decisions Young Consumers
        H. Safarzadeh B. Kheiry R. Agha Seyed Agha
        The consumer culture in has evolved into one of the most powerful ingredients shaping individuals and societies in the modern world. Furthermore, Consumer operate in a dynamic and ever-changing environment, which in itself demands a re-examination of their behavioral in More
        The consumer culture in has evolved into one of the most powerful ingredients shaping individuals and societies in the modern world. Furthermore, Consumer operate in a dynamic and ever-changing environment, which in itself demands a re-examination of their behavioral intentions and purchase decision influences from time to time. This study looks in to how contextual factors vis-&agrave;-vis loyalty and switching impact consumer purchase intentions. The statistical universe in this research includes students of Faculties of Islamic Azad University-Central Tehran Branch. (380 members select to form the statistical sample) The research method is Descriptive one .In order to gather data a questionnaire has been used. Content validity is used for testing validity of the question and Cronbach alpha method is used for reliability of questions. The analysis of results is done&nbsp; with Structural Equation Model (SEM). &nbsp;Study findings indicated that contextual factors substantially influence brand loyalty and consumer&rsquo;s purchase decisions. But contrary to the expectation, the impact of contextual factors on brand switching was not significant. Moreover, a significantly positive relationship between brand loyalty Criteria and purchase decision was found. It is likewise between brand switching and purchase decision. The findings of this study highlight the importance of testing complex associations via holistic frameworks such as one presented in this study. These concepts provide useful insights for researchers and managers. Manuscript profile
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        131 - Evaluating the Joint Effect of Brand Cognitive and Brand Relationships Variables on Consumers’ Purchase Intentions
        M. Samadi Z. Ziaei
        The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the joint effect of brand cognitive&nbsp;and brand relationships variables on consumer purchase behavior. For this&nbsp;purpose, the proposed model combines brand knowledge and brand&nbsp;relationship variables and shows how know More
        The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the joint effect of brand cognitive&nbsp;and brand relationships variables on consumer purchase behavior. For this&nbsp;purpose, the proposed model combines brand knowledge and brand&nbsp;relationship variables and shows how knowledge and relationships affect&nbsp;current and future purchases. To identify the proposed effect of brand&nbsp;knowledge and relationships on consumer purchase behavior, a total of 170&nbsp;usable questionnaires were collected from AIU faculty members. Multiple&nbsp;regression analysis was used to test and analyze hypothesizes on Hacoupian&nbsp;Clothing. It was found that brand awareness positively affects current and&nbsp;future purchases, brand satisfaction and brand trust. Both brand&nbsp;satisfaction and brand trust have a positive effect on brand attachment.&nbsp;Finally, brand attachment affects future purchases but not current&nbsp;purchases.These findings can assist brand managers who spend&nbsp;considerable resources on measuring brand awareness and brand image. It&nbsp;is recommended that practitioners also use brand relationship measures and&nbsp;develop strategic and tactical initiatives that ensure that consumers are&nbsp;satisfied with the brand, trust it, and feel attached to it. Manuscript profile
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        132 - Consumer Ethnocentrism in Small Appliances Industry of Iran
        M. A. Amirshahi Sh. Mazhary
        Many Iranian managers are worried about Iran beings accepted in world&nbsp;trade organization and the required changes they have to introduce within&nbsp;their institutes. Their main concerns have two reasons: on the one hand, they&nbsp;have to compete with well known i More
        Many Iranian managers are worried about Iran beings accepted in world&nbsp;trade organization and the required changes they have to introduce within&nbsp;their institutes. Their main concerns have two reasons: on the one hand, they&nbsp;have to compete with well known international brands that are active in Iran.&nbsp;On the other hand, they have to deal with Iranian consumers' inclination, if&nbsp;not infatuation, towards the use of well known international brands.Unfortunately, Iranian exporting companies had limited success in&nbsp;establishing their brands overseas. As reported in the literature, "Country of&nbsp;Origin" plays a more important role in consumers purchase decision, than&nbsp;quality or price. Hence, we will study the status of Iranian consumers'&nbsp;ethnocentrism in small appliances industry. In this survey research, a sample of 384 consumers of small appliances in&nbsp;Tehran was chosen. 262 filled out and usable questionnaires were collected&nbsp;and analyzed. Data analysis was made with SPSS, using one sample t-test.&nbsp;Research findings indicate that in line with previous research findings in&nbsp;other developing countries, Iranian consumers evaluate Iranian made&nbsp;products as lower quality than similar products made in the developed&nbsp;countries such as France, Japan or Italy. Manuscript profile
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        133 - Evaluating the Influence of Consumers' Perceived Corporate Image on Brand Extensions
        B. Kheiry N. Nobandegani
        The paper presented here provides a new perspective in the study of&nbsp;brand extensions in the service and goods sectors, which has become a&nbsp;popular strategy for launching new products. Specifically, the paper&nbsp;proposes and estimates a model that shows how po More
        The paper presented here provides a new perspective in the study of&nbsp;brand extensions in the service and goods sectors, which has become a&nbsp;popular strategy for launching new products. Specifically, the paper&nbsp;proposes and estimates a model that shows how potential consumers&nbsp;evaluate product extensions. Consumers&rsquo; attitude and evaluation regards&nbsp;eight new products, two real brands in bank service and two real brands in&nbsp;FMCG sectors, by using a questionnaire method of data gathering. The&nbsp;findings show that the corporate image affects both the perceived product&nbsp;quality and the perceived fit between the new product and the parent brand,&nbsp;which in turn affects attitudes towards the extension. Moreover, perceived&nbsp;product quality affects the perceived fit between the new product and the&nbsp;parent brand. Manuscript profile
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        134 - The Influencing Factors on Consumer Choice Behavior Regarding Green Products Based on Theory of Consumption Values
        S. A. Seyed Salehi M. Kazemi
        This paper contains the theory of consumption values​​ to determine the influence factors on consumer choice behavior regarding green products.According to the different concerns and perspectives that consumers have towards the environment, to examine whether significan More
        This paper contains the theory of consumption values​​ to determine the influence factors on consumer choice behavior regarding green products.According to the different concerns and perspectives that consumers have towards the environment, to examine whether significant differences in the levels of consumption and consumer choice behavior, there is will. Research method was descriptive survey, the society were the Cleaning and hygiene consumers and randomly472 of Qazvin people responded to the questions. Using the data collected through the questionnaire and analysis of structural equation modeling to assess the impact of each of the so indices choice behavior dealt. And reached the conclusion that the client understands all aspects of the research, including the quality, price, value, social value, emotional value, the value provided and conditional value and epistemological value. Social values​​ and the quality is highest impact ton consumer choice behavior towards green products and worth the price to the consumer is not very important. Our results indicate that consumers are looking for high quality, fresh new products; the acquisition of social satisfaction, special conditions for the purchase of green products and is not very sensitive to the high price of green products. Manuscript profile
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        135 - The Effect of Consumer’s Received Value, Effectiveness and Risk on Purchase Intention of Green Products (Case Study: Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Brand Students)
        A. Samiei Zafarghandi S. Nayebzadeh H. Dehgan Dehnavi
        The aim of this study was to examine the factors influencing consumer intention to buy green products (organic products) among young people. Using variables conscious consumer buying behavior, perceived effectiveness of consumer, environmental concerns, green perceived More
        The aim of this study was to examine the factors influencing consumer intention to buy green products (organic products) among young people. Using variables conscious consumer buying behavior, perceived effectiveness of consumer, environmental concerns, green perceived value, green perceived risk, as the independent variable and the dependent variable intention to buy green (organic), the research model is formed. The present research, the purpose, according to the methodology applied, descriptive survey using questionnaires and required data is collected. The population studyare student of Sciences and Research Islamic Azad University of Tehran and random sampling method was used and collected a total of 400 samples accepted. Data analysis was performed using software SPSS , LISREL and The results show that Variables, perceived value conscious behavior Perceived by the consumer as well as them effectiveness have a positive impact on the intention to buy green (organic) And perceived risk and environmental concerns are factors that have a negative impact on the intention to buy green. Manuscript profile
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        136 - A Survey of Factor Influencing on Consumers Acceptance for Niche Products
        A. Shahram Faghihi V. Borimnejad
        In this study, the effective factors which is influenced purchasing decision for a particular consumer groups include non-user, accidental- user and permanent-user have been investigated with utilizing logit model. Identify social and economic factors that affect consum More
        In this study, the effective factors which is influenced purchasing decision for a particular consumer groups include non-user, accidental- user and permanent-user have been investigated with utilizing logit model. Identify social and economic factors that affect consumer behavior are research objectives and to do this we gather data and information required by field survey, questionnaire design, and simple random sampling, interview 303 among buyers of Mayadin Management of Tehran Municipality have been collected in Mrch 2012. The results of the regression estimates show &nbsp;that factors such as income, presents of &nbsp;child under 5 years, indicators of knowledge of product characteristics, labeling and quality &nbsp;have significant positive effect on the &nbsp;likelihood acceptance and buing decision to nitch products and the final analysis has been done on marginal effect. Furthermore, the significant level of 95% in other factors on the purchasing decision has not been proved. Manuscript profile
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        137 - Determining the Relationship between Store Image, Customer Satisfaction, Behavioral Intention and Short Distance (Case Study in Shahvand Chain Super Market of Tehran)
        H. Javanmard S. Hoseini
        Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the relationships among store image, customer satisfaction, behavioral intentions (BI) and short distance in shahrvand chain super market in Tehran. Methodology: 300 questionnaires were distributed. Finally 290 questionnai More
        Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the relationships among store image, customer satisfaction, behavioral intentions (BI) and short distance in shahrvand chain super market in Tehran. Methodology: 300 questionnaires were distributed. Finally 290 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Since the present study aimed to explore the relationship between store image, customers&rsquo; satisfaction, and customers&rsquo; behavioral intentions, and the proximity of shops to customers, and also to determine the influence of each factor, Shahrvand chain stores customers were randomly asked to comment on this issue. Findings: attitude to services and store ambience are positively associated with their positive store image. Besides, positive store image has a positive relationship with customers&rsquo; behavioral intentions and customers&rsquo; satisfaction. The relationship between short distance and customers&rsquo; satisfaction is significantly positive.&nbsp; Originality/value: Several studies have shown that, in general, store image is important to attract and retain customers. This paper depicts the specific influences of image specifically on customer satisfaction and behavioral intention. Factors related to image have been discussed as their attitudes which touch areas of organizational behavior that have been embedded in the model, contributing to the originality or the value of the study. Manuscript profile
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        138 - The Role of Cognitive Age in Status Consumption of Educated, Middle-Aged Iranian Consumers
        J. Abbasi M. Pourreza
        Purpose &ndash; The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of educated, middle-aged Iranian&nbsp;consumers&rsquo; cognitive age in their status consumption. Methodology &ndash; Survey method. The study was conducted in Babol. The data collection method used&nb More
        Purpose &ndash; The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of educated, middle-aged Iranian&nbsp;consumers&rsquo; cognitive age in their status consumption. Methodology &ndash; Survey method. The study was conducted in Babol. The data collection method used&nbsp;is cluster sampling technique, using an age-based sample of educated, middle-aged consumers (aged&nbsp;35-60 years old). The survey contained two sections on the age decade scale and on a 5-point Likert&nbsp;scale. Findings &ndash; The findings revealed that there is a strong negative relationship between cognitive age&nbsp;and status consumption. The results suggested that educated, middle-aged consumers who feel&nbsp;cognitively young will be more motivated to consume for status and that this relationship is moderated&nbsp;by both brand awareness and price consciousness.&nbsp; Research Limitations &ndash; Given the focus on educated, middle-aged consumers, generalizations&nbsp;beyond this age group should be undertaken with some reservation. We cannot generalize the results&nbsp;of this research and apply it to the nation as a whole, because of the cultural and religious factors that&nbsp;come in to play, changing the variables. Managerial Implications &ndash; A study of this nature will help to shape marketers&rsquo; approach to attract&nbsp;educated, middle-aged consumers. Marketers should shift their focus away from regarding older&nbsp;consumers as old since older consumers tend to view themselves as younger than their chronological&nbsp;age.&nbsp; Originality/Value &ndash; This paper investigates the role of educated, middle-aged consumers&rsquo; cognitive&nbsp;age in their status consumption. It extends the research by looking at the moderating effects of brand&nbsp;awareness and price consciousness on the relationship between educated, middle-aged consumers&rsquo;&nbsp;cognitive age and status consumption. Manuscript profile
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        139 - Investigation the Effects of Cognitive and Affective Evaluations on Behavioral Intentions
        M. A. Abdolvand P. Parakhodi Moghaddam
        The purpose of this research is investigation the effects of cognitive and effective evaluations on behavioral intentions in the hedonic services. These services can be defined that are focused on the consumption experience, Therefore it includes the pleasure, fun and e More
        The purpose of this research is investigation the effects of cognitive and effective evaluations on behavioral intentions in the hedonic services. These services can be defined that are focused on the consumption experience, Therefore it includes the pleasure, fun and excitement. Given that the visitors of the films in this study constitute the statistical population level in Tehran, so Tehran is divided into five regions: North, South, East, West and center and cinemas in this area is considered as the spatial domain. The present investigation, of the purpose, is action and according to the method is descriptive research of the category survey. For this purpose, based on single-stage cluster random sampling, an example of cinema visitors and using structural equations model were tested thirteen research hypotheses. Results indicate the loyalty direct impact on willing to pay more, In other words, consumers are willing to pay more hedonic services that strengthen the relationship with a supplier. Disconfirmation has a direct relationship with emotions and the satisfaction is directly and indirectly affected. Manuscript profile
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        140 - The Priority of Effective Factors on Customer's Loyalty with Using of ECSI Model
        M. Haghighi Kaffash M. Akbari
        In This Competitive world a dominant position in the market and offering products with superior quality are factors that help producers in establishing a durable competitive advantage. Customer loyalty isn&rsquo;t a privilege but it's a score that should be achieved. Th More
        In This Competitive world a dominant position in the market and offering products with superior quality are factors that help producers in establishing a durable competitive advantage. Customer loyalty isn&rsquo;t a privilege but it's a score that should be achieved. The main purpose of this present paper was to identify the effective factors on customer loyalty of Shirin -Asal Company. This research used &ldquo;European Customer Satisfaction Index &ldquo; through focusing on&nbsp; three factors of&nbsp; "Customer satisfaction", "perceive image from company" and "software perceive quality" which&nbsp; are effective in gaining customers&rsquo; loyalty. In this research 420 questionnaires were distributed among products consumers of company in Tehran randomly and 385 completed questionnaires were collected.&nbsp; The statistic analysis the study findings&nbsp; indicated that at 95% confidence level, all the factors&nbsp; identified on the two main indexes of consumers loyalty (Frequency of&nbsp; purchase and Introduction the products to others) of Shirin- Asal company products were effective. Manuscript profile
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        141 - Investigating the Impact of Selected Factors on Consumer Green Purchase Intention
        A. Nakhaei B. Kheiry
        The growing global public concern and awareness for safety and preservation of the environment has given rise to the perception that consumer purchases may be somewhat influenced by environmental issues. While green issues and social responsibility are becoming importan More
        The growing global public concern and awareness for safety and preservation of the environment has given rise to the perception that consumer purchases may be somewhat influenced by environmental issues. While green issues and social responsibility are becoming important to consumers, it is necessary to understand which factors influence on purchase decisions for environmentally friendly products. Considering that purchase intention is known as a good predictor of behavior, the main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of selected factors on consumers purchase intention for green products.The data were collected on a Qazvinian sample using a structured questionnaire. A total of 400 questionnaires were completed and used for data analysis. The data were analyzed applying LISREL and SPSS software. The results reveal that consumer purchase intention for green products affected by green brands, marketing communication activities; attitude based on more marketing communication, environmental knowledge and perceived consumer effectiveness. Manuscript profile
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        142 - Consumer Involvement and Purchase Decision (Cell Phone as a Case Sstudy)
        O. Mahdieh N. Chubtarash
        Purpose: &nbsp;To investigate the relationship between consumer involvement and purchase decision. Methodology: The present study has an applied aim and follows a descriptive (survey-correlation) method. The population was the students of Azad University of Sanandaj bra More
        Purpose: &nbsp;To investigate the relationship between consumer involvement and purchase decision. Methodology: The present study has an applied aim and follows a descriptive (survey-correlation) method. The population was the students of Azad University of Sanandaj branch and the sampling method is stratified random. 372 people were chosen as a sample and questionnaire was used to collect data. Finding: Results of data analysis have shown confirmation of all hypotheses. In other word, there is significant relationship between dimensions of consumer involvement: Interest, Hedonic value, Sign value, Risk importance and Risk probability with purchase decision. Research Limitations: Since the target populations of the study were university students, the results of the study cannot be applied to other cell phone purchasers, Moreover, because cell phone was selected as the product, hence, application of the results of the study to other levels of the product is not possible. Managerial Implications: involvement is not an incontrollable variable for the company; managers and marketers can increase it by adding or emphasizing certain features of their offer and thus have an impact on consumers' decisions. Originality/value: Consumer involvement is a very important concept in marketing and consumer behavior but unfortunately there is little research about it. In this article this concept based on Kapferer and Laurant was surveyed and localized questionnaire was developed.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        143 - Identifying the Factors that Influence Consumer Pricing Knowledge
        H. R. Saeidnia S. Alinejad
        What consumers know or think they know about product price levels is an&nbsp;important research area from both a societal as well as a marketing&nbsp;perspective. This study investigates objective and subjective price&nbsp;knowledge and the effects of price consciousnes More
        What consumers know or think they know about product price levels is an&nbsp;important research area from both a societal as well as a marketing&nbsp;perspective. This study investigates objective and subjective price&nbsp;knowledge and the effects of price consciousness, price search behavior,&nbsp;purchase frequency, time availability, and perceived price dispersion on the&nbsp;two knowledge dimensions as well as the relationship between objective&nbsp;and subjective price knowledge. This paper uses a sample of 270&nbsp;consumers of Shahrvand supermarkets in Tehran; data were collected&nbsp;from a questionnaire, and structural equation modeling was used for data&nbsp;analysis. Price search behavior and purchase frequency had positive effects&nbsp;on both subjective and objective price knowledge, but time availability had&nbsp;no significant effect on objective or subjective price knowledge mediated&nbsp;by effects on price search. Furthermore, perceived price dispersion had a&nbsp;negative effect on objective price knowledge. Price consciousness had a&nbsp;positive effect on both subjective and objective price knowledge mediated&nbsp;by effects on price search and purchase frequency, but price consciousness&nbsp;had no significant direct effect on subjective price knowledge. Finally,&nbsp;objective price knowledge had a positive direct effect on subjective price&nbsp;knowledge. Manuscript profile
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        144 - The Study on the Consumers' Perceptions of Electronic Banking Services of Keshavarzi Bank in the Southern Regions of Kerman Province
        H. Zolfaghar Dehnavi D. Rashidi
        Banks as financial institutions must meet the expectations and demands of their customers. This is why information technology plays a vital role in facilitating communication with customers through improving the effectiveness and speed of the banking services. This stud More
        Banks as financial institutions must meet the expectations and demands of their customers. This is why information technology plays a vital role in facilitating communication with customers through improving the effectiveness and speed of the banking services. This study examines consumers' perceptions of electronic banking services as one of the indicators of success in order to formulate a number of operational strategies to improve customer satisfaction which increases market share and customer loyalty. The present study focused on the views expressed by experts, consultants and banking professionals and aimed &nbsp;at&nbsp; investigating and &nbsp;designing a&nbsp; conceptual model by&nbsp; field research, and applying&nbsp;&nbsp; student t-test to measure&nbsp; the relationship between consumers' perceptions of electronic banking services with customer satisfaction, &nbsp;cost reduction ,safety factor as well as&nbsp; public information and awareness. Friedman test was then used to rank all these components in terms of customers&rsquo; perception. The statistical population consisted of all customers of the Keshavarzi Bank in the southern region of Kerman province 384 bank customers who were using e-banking services in the first three months of 1390 were chosen as samples through simple random sampling method. The data collection tool was a research questionnaire. The study findings showed that the impact of all these components of the proposed model of costumers&rsquo; perceptions on the quality of electronic banking services would be significant in the sense that cost component was&nbsp; ranked the highest and information awareness components were ranked &nbsp;lowest. Manuscript profile
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        145 - Imposed Stipulations in the Contracts of Car Industry
        Mohamad Mostafa Doagooee Zeynab Mohamadi
        Composing the favorite legal contracts in particular conditions, some companies are trying to misuse from the economic needs as well as from the non-expertise of their customers. As a matter of fact those companies impose their stipulations which cover only their benefi More
        Composing the favorite legal contracts in particular conditions, some companies are trying to misuse from the economic needs as well as from the non-expertise of their customers. As a matter of fact those companies impose their stipulations which cover only their benefits on the customers. A field in which one can see such contracts is in Iranian car industries. Some states and international organizations by enacting rulings and provisions came to support the customers in order to eliminate "significant disparities" come from those imposed stipulations. Furthermore, the support for the weaker side in those contracts may bring about more justice into contract. Taking some jurisprudential origins for such rulings into consideration including mutual consent, public order, and theory of preventing abuse of their own rights, this article tries to analyze those rulings and provisions to see in which condition it would be possible to cancel the contract. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        146 - Permenant Forbidance and Its Examples in Iranian and Egyptian Law with Jurisprudence Approach
        Zari Zamani Sayyid Abu al- Qasem Naqibi
        Permenant prohibition (Hurmat) of marriage is one of Islamicinstructions that the jurists have mentioned it as "causes ofprohibition" in their books and by which it is forbidden to marryparticular people for ever. In this case, laws of some Islamiccountries follow lawfu More
        Permenant prohibition (Hurmat) of marriage is one of Islamicinstructions that the jurists have mentioned it as "causes ofprohibition" in their books and by which it is forbidden to marryparticular people for ever. In this case, laws of some Islamiccountries follow lawful commandments. By following ImamiehFegh (Imamieh jurisprudence) Iranian legislator have mentionedinstances of permenant prohibition of marriage with the title of"impediments to marriage". In this text, permanent impediments ofmarriage in Irania law (with a glance at ruling Fegh on Iranian law)in comparison to the law of Egypt has been studied. According tothe findings of this research, permenant prohibition of marriageenjoys a special position in the order of family rights because itplays a vital role in protecting families from collapse, keeping Traditions and on the other hand criticizing the pros&rsquo; proofsspecially through proving the correct ness of Dimān malām yajib, Ithas been endeavoured to define a criterion on strength of which canseek aremedy the diversity in other different extensions by makingclear precisely this kind of liability. Manuscript profile
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        147 - Comparative Study of Role of Jurisprudence in Realization of Judicial and Economic Security in Iranian Law and Egyptian Law
        Gholam Ali Seifi Zinab Rima Amiraghdam
        Judicial and economic security appliances are preparations of an efficient legal system. The main principle of legal security arises as it eliminates the stability of the legal system and has a long history. Islamic law as our strong root of law gives many examples of t More
        Judicial and economic security appliances are preparations of an efficient legal system. The main principle of legal security arises as it eliminates the stability of the legal system and has a long history. Islamic law as our strong root of law gives many examples of this principle. The main stage in the judicial system is an activity that we call it judgment. Jurisprudence due to important factors such as independence of judges, respect for acquired rights, common understanding of the law, without discrimination performance has a very important role in the realization of judicial security. The realization of economic security when interpretation of the law is not comply with social and economic realities due to the long process of change and reform of law, jurisprudence can provide an interpretation consistent with the realities of that time and meet the purpose of legal rules to achieve &ldquo;efficiency&rdquo;, So important role in achieving it. In this paper, legal security and economic concepts and the role of jurisprudence in their realization with comparative study in the&nbsp; Iranian law and Egyptian law to be examined. Manuscript profile
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        148 - Evaluating influential factors in Environmental management accounting (EMA) adoption
        سیدامین عالمشاه
        Environmental management accounting(EMA) as a management tool assists in improvingfinancial and environmental performance through enhanced environmental accountability.This study accomplished with to focus of attention upon EMA, for to identify factorsinfluencing EMA ad More
        Environmental management accounting(EMA) as a management tool assists in improvingfinancial and environmental performance through enhanced environmental accountability.This study accomplished with to focus of attention upon EMA, for to identify factorsinfluencing EMA adoption. For achieving the research objective, established 6 hypothesises.For hypothesises testing, sent questionnaire to key personnel with three different functions(i.e. financial Manager, chief accountant and management accounting headman). After datacoding, those tested and analyzed by T-test. Results indicated 1)Low priority of accountingfor environmental costs 2)Resistance to conventional accounting practices change3)Efficiency or financial considerations 4)Expert member and resource constraints5)Difficulties in collecting or allocating environmental costs 6)External pressure, are factorsinfluencing the decision to adopt, or not to adopt, EMA in mentioned corporations. Finallyprovided suggestions made by this study for EMA adoption. Apart from the theoreticalextension to this area of research, the results and findings of this study supported the uses andapplications of EMA by our industries. Much more can, and should, be done by corporationsin relation to how they account for the environment. This can provide benefits not only for thesector itself, but also for the environment in which we live. Manuscript profile
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        149 - Investigating the relationship between agile manufacturing and Business performance and the mediating role of cost performance
        Seyed Ahmad Khalifeh Soltani fatemeh hamedi
        10.30495/jma.2023.22417
        The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between agile manufacturing and business performance and cost performance in Fast Moving Consumer industries. This study also examines the mediating effect of cost performance on the relationship between agile More
        The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between agile manufacturing and business performance and cost performance in Fast Moving Consumer industries. This study also examines the mediating effect of cost performance on the relationship between agile manufacturing and business performance. This study analyzes survey data collected from 53 manufacturing companies in fast-moving Consumer industries such as the food industry except sugar and the pharmaceutical industry. Analysis of research hypotheses has been tested using Structural Equation Modeling. The results show that agile manufacturing has a direct and significant relationship with business performance and cost performance. In addition, the results showed that cost performance has a direct and significant relationship with business performance. In addition, a direct effect of cost-performance mediation on the relationship between agile production and business performance has been observed. &nbsp;In turbulent environments such as the final market of Fast Moving Consumer industries, manufacturing executives need to emphasize the role of agile manufacturing as a comprehensive concept in responding market needs. Agile manufacturing is one of the winning strategies in today's dynamic and competitive environment. The consequences of agile manufacturing must be understood by managers to create a comprehensive conceptualization mechanism to identify the methods to be followed and to identify any imbalances during implementation Manuscript profile
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        150 - Comparison some of the mineral elements several species plant with the required level of Fashandi race ram (case study: Taleghan ranges)
        Hossein Arzani mahmoud hamidian Hossein Azarnivand Mohammad Ali Zare Chahouki
        In this study concentration of five micro elements Fe, Cu, Zn, Co and Mn in eight species of rangeland forbs Prangus uloptera, Medicago sativa, Lotus goeblia, Trifolium montanum, Sanguisorba minor, Stachys inflate, Melilotus officinalis and Ferula ovina were Measurement More
        In this study concentration of five micro elements Fe, Cu, Zn, Co and Mn in eight species of rangeland forbs Prangus uloptera, Medicago sativa, Lotus goeblia, Trifolium montanum, Sanguisorba minor, Stachys inflate, Melilotus officinalis and Ferula ovina were Measurement. The species sampled at three phenological stages, vegetative, flowering and seeding of random sampling was carried out in Rangeland Taleghan. To measure micro elements atomic absorption devices was used. For comparison of amounts elements with the required level ram of NRC2007 Table were used. The amount of the elements by using the t test with a fixed amount with the level of required ram was compared. The results showed that the amount Zn of most species at all phenological stages is less than the required level of ram, but the amount of Fe, Co, Mn and Co in all species studied at three phenological stage higher than is needed Fashandi race ram, and the amount achieved in all species and phenological stages significant difference in the levels of 99% and 95% with the level of is required in ram. According to the shortage of Zn use of mineral supplements for stay healthy dominant livestock area and reach the optimum level of livestock performance, are necessary. Manuscript profile
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        151 - مطالعه پارامترهای کیفی آب و بررسی روابط آن با جوامع فیتوپلانکتونی و کلروفیل a در دریاچه سد کارون چهار
        سید عبدالمجید موسوی
        Manuscript profile
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        152 - Applications of the life cycle assessment method with the aim of energy conservation in the construction industry
        Kiana Rasekh Mamak Salavatian Marzie Kazemzade
        10.30495/jrnr.2023.71564.10283
        Nowadays, there has been an increasing interest in the study of life cycle assessment in all industries namely the construction industry in developed countries with the increasing awareness of the environmental effects of buildings and the emergence of powerful tools fo More
        Nowadays, there has been an increasing interest in the study of life cycle assessment in all industries namely the construction industry in developed countries with the increasing awareness of the environmental effects of buildings and the emergence of powerful tools for their evaluation. Despite various articles have been published in different countries in this field, none of them has focused on the challenges of using life cycle assessment, related studies, and potential solutions to address the challenges. The purpose of this article is to present a systematic report of a comprehensive review of applied studies in the life cycle assessment method in the construction industry to provide a potential solution for future targeted research in this field. The research method of this paper included a brief review of the subject literature to provide an overview of the life cycle assessment method and systematic selection and study of review articles/books to examine the benefits and challenges of life cycle assessment research. By examining the valid research articles from 2000 to 2023 in the collection of ISI articles and Persian scientific research articles, a total of 72 related articles were studied. First, statistical reports on the geographical and thematic distribution according to the variety of factors affecting the life cycle assessment in construction were presented, and then the objectives of the study, fields of action, databases, tools and environmental effects of the published authoritative articles were examined and the strengths and weaknesses of the recent researches were revealed. The findings showed that the use of integrated databases and also the computational principles and coordinated calculator software along with the unification of functional units lad to the alignment of research within the framework of unit standards, as well as the possibility of comparing and expanding the conclusions and as a result, they provide a more comprehensive picture of the environmental effects of construction products and systems for professionals. Manuscript profile
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        153 - The role of advertising on the community of cultural products, among of families in Tehran city
        Nazli Abdollahi محمد سلطانی‌فر عباسعلی gh
        The purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of advertising and its types on the consumption of cultural products among the families of Tehran. Methodology: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and based on the metho More
        The purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of advertising and its types on the consumption of cultural products among the families of Tehran. Methodology: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and based on the method of collecting descriptive-survey data. The statistical population of this study was Tehranian families of students of Faculty of Management, Tehran University of Science Research, which were selected using purposeful sampling of Tehranian students' families in cultural affairs management, based on a census of 97 samples. Findings: The results obtained from structural equations in Lisrel software showed that street, print, inductive, and propagation variables influenced the consumption of cultural products by respondents and had the greatest impact on street advertising with a coefficient of 0.52 and the least impact on propaganda variable with a coefficient of 0.32 on consumption of cultural products. Discussion and Conclusion: Advertisements can be made with the latest technology to inform cultural products. Promotion of cultural products can also affect the people of the community and will bring about the exchange of ideas and meeting the social needs of individuals. Manuscript profile
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        154 - The effect of TV advertising on audience behavior change based on Dagmar Model (Case study: LG agencies in 5 and 11 regions of Tehran)
        alireza sabbagh Peyman ghafari
        Introduction and purpose: media advertisment is one of the most important instrument for attracting consumers to new markets. Where'as, the goal of advertisement is changing consumer's behavior, there shoud be proper study on useful advertisement models and mussmedia in More
        Introduction and purpose: media advertisment is one of the most important instrument for attracting consumers to new markets. Where'as, the goal of advertisement is changing consumer's behavior, there shoud be proper study on useful advertisement models and mussmedia in order to companies can reach to their aims. Among all types of mass media's ads; TV as a media that can cover many different types of people by different networks has an intensive influence on families. TV, in compare to other massmedia, is more effect on all kinds of people's physical and spiritual life in difference ages, education and jib situations. One of the reason's that couse this charactertics, is it's visual and audial property, and also it's moving ability as a massmedia. LG company is one of the home hecessaries producers that because of external pressures, great amount of competitors and prepation more choosing condition, goes to advertiding and other ways to attract consumers for achieving goal should pay abuhdant costs every year. So, having information about manner and effectiveness of TV ads as a mass media on motivation for purchasing, can prepare everythings for rebuying goods. Thus, this research study the effect of TV ads on changing behavior of LG consumers according to Dagmar model. Manner of research: This research is practical and according to gathering information and data analysis, is descriptive and scientific. Statistical population of research is consist of all LG company customers in 5,11 districts of Tehran. 381 customers were needed, which were studied by available sampling and instrument for research was questionnaire that was made by researcher, for analysis of data, there were used of "Pearson" and "Regreson" tests by spss and 22 version. Findings: Findings shows that TV ads have positive and significant effect on respondents awareness and their perception of ad's message, respondents convince and decision for purchasing. Result: According to findings, TV ad's cause customers try to buy goods according to their own cognitions and use them. Positive experience of quality of the products if has suitability with customer's needs, cause introduce them to others. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        155 - Analysis of effective themes on water consumption culture; Islamic approach (qualitative study)
        neda Rajaeian Narges Keshtiaray Mohammad Ali Nadi
        Purpose: One of the most important issues in Islam, is water conservation. Therefore the current research focuses on Islamic cultural components that are effective on water consumption. Method: This is a qualitive study, Attride-Stirling approach, that analyzes the cont More
        Purpose: One of the most important issues in Islam, is water conservation. Therefore the current research focuses on Islamic cultural components that are effective on water consumption. Method: This is a qualitive study, Attride-Stirling approach, that analyzes the context taken from local papers and Islamic scriptures relating to water use and consumption patterns. The contexts were organized in three categories, namely basic, organizing and comprehensive whose aim is to enable the researchers to access the Islamic culture contexts regarding water consumption. Findings: Four comprehensive factors namely belief, norm, value and knowledge as the main components of Islamic culture of water consumption, eight organized factors namely trust in God, social norm, ethical (religious)norm, legal norm, procedural norm, improving Islamic culture of the society, water as God's grace and honesty as secondary principles and at last 34 codes of basic content as small factors that should be considered in water consumption with emphasis on Islamic culture were obtained. Result: The combination of these four components shows water consumption in a Muslim society. In our country, desirable use of water has not yet been perceived as a culture. However simple but practical methods such as saving, training and following religious teachings can help improve the level of Islamic culture in the field of water in consumption. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        156 - Investigating the role of promotional cultural activities on changing students' awareness, attitudes and behavior in optimal water consumption "Case Study: Qom Primary Schools"
        enayat allah aghaei mohammad karbalaee ebrahimi
        The aim of the study was to "investigate the role of promotional cultural activities on changing the awareness, attitude and behavior of primary school students in Qom province in optimal water consumption." Research is descriptive-survey research. The statistical popul More
        The aim of the study was to "investigate the role of promotional cultural activities on changing the awareness, attitude and behavior of primary school students in Qom province in optimal water consumption." Research is descriptive-survey research. The statistical population consists of primary school students in Qom province. Using the available sampling method, out of 139762 people, 383 people were selected according to Cochran's formula. To collect the data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, the validity of which was confirmed by experts as a formal content validity, and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.9188. One sample was used to test the normality of the distribution of research variables, one sample was taken and the one-line linear regression analysis method was used to test the research hypotheses with the SPSS25 software. The results showed that the promotional cultural measures of optimal water consumption have a significant positive effect on changing students' awareness and behavior in primary schools in Qom province. Also, the cultural and promotional measures of optimal water consumption have a significant negative effect on changing the attitude of students in primary schools in Qom province. Among the components of promotional cultural activities, "promotional educational plays" are the most important and "setting up festivals and conferences" are the least important components. Also, the variable "group behavior" is the most important and "individual behavior" is the least important component. Manuscript profile
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        157 - The identity crisis and consumerism in the younger generation Research in high school girls Arak Urban Society
        farhad Emamjome
        10.30495/jcm.2022.20117
        Consumerism and the identity crisis have in fact become one of the common and important components of the modern and postmodern era. This article aims to analyze and disseminate the subject and to promote the scientific knowledge of cultural activists of the society in More
        Consumerism and the identity crisis have in fact become one of the common and important components of the modern and postmodern era. This article aims to analyze and disseminate the subject and to promote the scientific knowledge of cultural activists of the society in relation to consumerism and identity crisis in high school girls. The study was conducted with brief conceptual and conceptual discussions and survey method, questionnaire and cluster sampling among 356 female high school students in Arak District in2018. Results: Among consumer goods bearing effective symbols, a positive attitude toward the use of consumer goods, and There is a significant relationship between the use of mass media, and the tendency to (non-Iranian) culture of identity crisis among female high school students in Arak. The consumption of new goods and lifestyles for the person being identified; and the performance of the media induce the audience to value the use of this and that new consumer product or product. The instability and multiplicity of consumer goods and symbols in the challenge of the hegemony of modern society has become an important ground for the identity crisis of the young generation of students. Manuscript profile
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        158 - A surrey of cultural goods consumption's rate between veteran's students of lorestan province
        دکتر علی رشیدپور
        Cultural goods and culture consumption can be defined as none economic andpolitical activity, as in implicitly common there is such an understanding andimplicitly covering volunteer's social activity.With regard to increasing tendency to cultural goods changes in presen More
        Cultural goods and culture consumption can be defined as none economic andpolitical activity, as in implicitly common there is such an understanding andimplicitly covering volunteer's social activity.With regard to increasing tendency to cultural goods changes in presentingmethods of these goods in recent years. And in each society in different times, variousgrouping of cultural goods were presented. And with regard to purpose of thisresearch that want to determine the rate of cultural goods consumption amongveteran&rsquo;s students of Lorestan province. Therefore a more accurate grouping ofcultural goods with nine categories was presented.This research has been done through the Description- measurement method. And aresearcher's questionnaire were been used, that its content validity was investigatedthrough experts&rsquo; opinions. The statistics population of this research wan 580 persons,including 290 veteran's high school students of Lorestan province in 81-88educational years and 290 persons of none veteran&rsquo;s students. And with regard tosmall size of population. We don't need sampling and all of them were investigatedand According to its results, the rate of most cultural goods consumption isn't in asuitable level. And merely in the case of some goods like hobby have a goodperformance. By the way in most cases there isn't a meaningful different between therate of cultural goods consumption of veterans and none &ndash; veterans students. Manuscript profile
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        159 - میزان تاثیر تماشای شبکه‌های تلویزیونی ماهواره‌ای فارسی زبان بر سبک زندگی دانشجویان دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
        Paria Shahabeddin Bahareh Nasiri
        Media play a role of impulsive engine in creating and developing different lifestyle. Media,specially, satellite networks are the source of lifestyle formation of a lot of people in asociety. This research aimed to study the impact of watching Persian satellite televisi More
        Media play a role of impulsive engine in creating and developing different lifestyle. Media,specially, satellite networks are the source of lifestyle formation of a lot of people in asociety. This research aimed to study the impact of watching Persian satellite televisionnetworks on lifestyle of students of school of management and economics of science andresearch branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran. This research has a functional aspect andthe data are quantitative and the research methodology has been cross-sectional survey.The statistical population of this research was all of the students of school of managementand economics of science and research branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran. Theresearch sampling was stratified random sampling and the sample size by using Cochranformula was determined 345 students. For collecting data questionnaire was used and SPSSsoftware was used for analyzing the data. The analysis of data has been done at two levels ofdescriptive and inferential level. In the inferential level the Kolmogorov Smirnov test andPearson correlation coefficient test were used to investigate the research hypotheses.According to whatever were found in this research all of the hypotheses of this researchwere confirmed and as a result it can be concluded that watching Persian satellite networkshas direct impact on the lifestyle of the students. According to the major theory of this studythe more watching the satellite networks the more impressing the students by the lifestylesthat advertised in these satellite networks. The increasing of watching satellite networks hasbeen caused to increase the body management and as a result spending of leisure timeamong the students has changed, but the amount of cultural product consumptiondecreases. Manuscript profile
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        160 - Effects of management and advertisement planning in development of milk consumption culture in Iran
        سید اسدالله اطهری مصطفی رهگذر
        Introduction and research purpose: Not suitable for Milk consumption‐related data in the country. This will have long ‐term consequences for the health of the people is very frightening. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of advert More
        Introduction and research purpose: Not suitable for Milk consumption‐related data in the country. This will have long ‐term consequences for the health of the people is very frightening. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of advertising planning and management in developing culture of milk. Method: The purpose of this research is based on a survey of applications and depending on how the data is a descriptive study. The popula 􀆟on in this study consists of 27 adver􀆟sing companies in Tehran ‐ Eighteen persons, experts and managers from Varna and 20 faculty members in the field of advertising. Due to the limitations of all members of the sample were considered and were questioned . Findings and Conclusion: The results confirm the hypothesis; culture milk ‐ according to respondents' perspective ‐ is under planning and managing advertising and promotions management and planning, advertising, religious beliefs, social customs, local values, lifestyle and influence people's beliefs. Manuscript profile
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        161 - The Role of Teachers in Cultural Instruction & Modification of Consumption Patterns A Case Study: Secondary Schools (For Girls) - Tehran District 1
        محمد باقر نوبخت توران تقدیمی
        Introduction and Research objective: The main object of this study is to find the correlation of guidance school teachers and optimal consumption .In this direction, we investigate the role of teachers as main coustodian of education and as factor that inspire the cultu More
        Introduction and Research objective: The main object of this study is to find the correlation of guidance school teachers and optimal consumption .In this direction, we investigate the role of teachers as main coustodian of education and as factor that inspire the culture of optimal consumption on accessible resources of schools and investigate correlation between optimal consumption and teacher's instruction. Method: This is field study and data gathered from library. Also Data are collected by questionnaire and in depth interview as instrument. Method of research is descriptive and inferential. Data are analyzed by spss software. Relationship between the variables is determined by correlation .The population of research is guidance teachers and administrations of 1st District of Tehran. And for determining coefficient ratio Spearman formula is being utilized. Findings: Administrators evaluate direct delivery as effective way but teachers perceive direct delivery has less effective .The difference is significant; Teachers and Administrators both perceive indirect Instruction as similar; Frequency distribution of direct instruction according to educational level has no significant difference and frequency distribution of direct instruction according to work experience has meaningful difference. Conclusion: For consuming pattern, compliance with criterion can reform consumption of students. Because they are in relationships with family and community As a result of compliance with the following criteria modifying consumption pattern will affect entire community and will close moderation. Indirect education is more effective than direct education. So, we can say strictly educating through culturalization, or in another word, cultural education and indirect education is more important and is the richest source in education Manuscript profile
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        162 - A Glanse on the impact of advertising on mass media consumption of household goods and cultural development
        نرگس sh باقر ساروخانی mehrdad Navabakhsh
        Today, mass media ads have a special place in promoting business and attracting customers. The senders of the message are sent to send the message in order to attract the more the audience to encourage them to act in an economic manner, that is, to buy and then to consu More
        Today, mass media ads have a special place in promoting business and attracting customers. The senders of the message are sent to send the message in order to attract the more the audience to encourage them to act in an economic manner, that is, to buy and then to consume goods. Media advertising has brought about many changes in the lifestyle, consumer values and culture. In a study titled "The Sociological Review of Media Advertising (TV) and its Impact on Household Goods Consumption (Research in Tehran, 1394)," first, the study of available resources, including books, magazines and the Internet has been addressed. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of television advertising on the choice of household goods and increase the tendency to buy and use. Research method in this study, a survey method and a research tool were a Likert scale. The statistical population consisted of male and female employees of Central Organization of Islamic Azad University, and the sample size was 317 with Morgan table and 350 others were considered. The validity of the questionnaire was 967. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used to analyze the data. The results of this study showed that the research hypotheses were confirmed at a completely significant level. According to the results, the effect of TV advertising on the audience's attitude towards the consumption of household goods was confirmed. Manuscript profile
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        163 - Development of Social Commerce and Analysis of Consumer Behavior
        Mohamad hesam Jahanmiri
        10.30495/jisds.2007.21275
        The emergence of social commerce has made important changes in business and consumers. Hence, it is very important to understand consumer behavior in the field of social commerce for companies that intend to benefit better consumers from more powerful sites.In this stud More
        The emergence of social commerce has made important changes in business and consumers. Hence, it is very important to understand consumer behavior in the field of social commerce for companies that intend to benefit better consumers from more powerful sites.In this study, we carry out a systematic review of social business studies to explain how consumers behave on social networking sites. We classify these studies, discuss significant considerations, and identify important research methods. Also, other goals of this project are to study the factors affecting the durability and customer satisfaction in the social space. Today, due to a lack of consumer confidence in the social space and lack of quality of content, customers are faced with great concerns about the Internet as the strongest media for the social business. Because the social behavior of customers is an important variable in the social space, it is imperative for a business community to maintain its current customers. Therefore, we study the factors affecting social commerce. Manuscript profile
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        164 - Sociological Study of the Relationship between Types of Capital and Pattern of Electricity Consumption with Emphasis on Social Development(Case Study: Urban Residents of Mazandaran Province)
        Ali Akbar Safari Ali Rahmani Firoozjah Majedeh Gholipoor
        10.30495/jisds.2022.19719
        The purpose of this paper is to examine the sociological relationship between the types of capital and the pattern of electricity consumption with an emphasis on social development.Method: The research method is survey research . Statistical sample consists of 450 urban More
        The purpose of this paper is to examine the sociological relationship between the types of capital and the pattern of electricity consumption with an emphasis on social development.Method: The research method is survey research . Statistical sample consists of 450 urban and home Subscribers of Mazandaran province who were selected by systematic cluster sampling.Findings: There is a significant relationship between individuals' cultural capital and consumption pattern, and there is a significant relationship between two indicators of social capital (social trust and social interaction) and consumption pattern. There is no meaningful relation between Social participation and consumption pattern , but there was a significant relationship between economic capital and consumption pattern.Conclusion: The amount of awareness about energy consumption has increased in urban households of Mazandaran province, but unfortunately, this awareness has not had much effect on the pattern of electricity consumption. In the last few years, according to lifestyle chang , the shape of energy consumption in families has changed. The amount and level of energy consumption, according to the paid bill, indicated high energy consumption. Manuscript profile
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        165 - A Sociological Study of Relationship between The four dimensions of ethnic identity and Consumer Behavior* (Case Study: Lorestan Province)
        Mahmoud Nosrati Ahmad Rezaii
        10.30495/jisds.2022.68039.11751
        Abstract: The term "consumer behavior" is used to refer to the consumption of a product or service and the construction and decision-making process by the consumer. Consumption is a multifaceted phenomenon and cultural factors play a significant role in determining and More
        Abstract: The term "consumer behavior" is used to refer to the consumption of a product or service and the construction and decision-making process by the consumer. Consumption is a multifaceted phenomenon and cultural factors play a significant role in determining and modifying the phenomenon of consumption. Therefore, it is appropriate to examine this phenomenon from a cultural perspective, especially ethnic culture. This research seeks to answer the question: "What is the Relationship between The four dimensions of ethnic identity and Consumer Behavior?&rdquo;. The statistical population of the study is the population of Lorestan province and the survey method was used to collect data from the sample, which 400 people were selected. Our findings, based on the values of CR (-5.42, -5.57) and P (***) indices, show that there is a significant relationship between the dimensions of ethnic identity and consumer behavior and there is a negative correlation between these two variables, that is, whatever the dimensions of ethnic identity is weaker, the consumer behavior will be stronger. This result is consistent with the results of the study of Ajzan and others and confirms the theory of Ajzan. Manuscript profile
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        166 - The role of social apathy in the brand crisis caused by the food safety scandal in under development societies
        sara hamidi Karim Hamdi Mohammad Hassan Behzadi
        10.30495/jisds.2007.21334
        Due to the high use of technology, fast delivery, meeting customer expectations in a competitive world and huge competition in the food industry, food safety scandal has become a common phenomenon (Utkal Khandelwal et al.2018). As a result, the main purpose of this arti More
        Due to the high use of technology, fast delivery, meeting customer expectations in a competitive world and huge competition in the food industry, food safety scandal has become a common phenomenon (Utkal Khandelwal et al.2018). As a result, the main purpose of this article is to identify the indicators and components of the brand crisis and its antecedents and consequences. For this purpose, interpretive paradigm, qualitative approach, and the theory of grand theory (data foundation) were used. In order to reach professors and experts in the field of marketing, especially the brand, the snowball sampling method was chosen and the tactic of hidden content analysis was used to analyze in-depth interviews and related articles of the day. Since the data format was audio and text, MAXQDA 2020 software was used for coding. Findings and results show that employer branding (employee engagement), strategic marketing management, country infrastructure are the main antecedents of the brand crisis. Indifference to brand revenge is also a major consequence under development societies. In fact, the main gap between developing societies and developed countries in the lack of employee engagement is due to the anomic situation and consumers apathetic. Manuscript profile
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        167 - School, the Family, Healthy Life Style among High School Students in the city of Esfahan
        mansour haghighatian
        10.30495/jisds.2007.21218
        Abstract:The life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with More
        Abstract:The life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with the cultures of different countries, and so forth, have led to vast changes in consumption behaviors and life styles of the young. Utilizing the ideas of scholars such as Pierre Bourdieu and Anthony Giddens, this article aims to investigate the effects of variables such as teacher&rsquo;s behaviors, academic materials, and parents&rsquo; way of living, foreign media usage (namely the internet and satellite TV), parents&rsquo; socio-economic status, and friends on students&rsquo; healthy life style. The research population consisted of all male and female high school students of the city of Isfahan of which, using Cochran's formula, 385 individuals were chosen as the sample. The results showed that the mean score of healthy life style of the students was 2/4 out of 5 which was below the medium level. Statistical analysis results showed that foreign media usage, parent's socio-economic status, and parent's way of living had more influence on students&rsquo; health-oriented life style.Key terms: healthy life style, foreign media usage, parents&rsquo; socio-economic status, parents&rsquo; way of living, friends Manuscript profile
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        168 - Presenting a causal model of the desire to consume green based on the need for uniqueness and the benefits of insisting on the idea: the role of consumer
        Ahmad Rastegar Mohammad Hassan Seif Davoud Rastad sima alizadeh
        10.30495/jisds.2023.73279.11898
        &nbsp;In the recent years, the attention to the environmental issues has increased in our country. Greenconsumption desire increases awareness and sensitivity to the environmental conservation and consumption inproducts, and the results of this matter are optimally util More
        &nbsp;In the recent years, the attention to the environmental issues has increased in our country. Greenconsumption desire increases awareness and sensitivity to the environmental conservation and consumption inproducts, and the results of this matter are optimally utilize of energy resources, reduce waste and wastegeneration, reuse reusable equipment and recycle. The goal of this research is to presenting a casual model ofthe Green consumption desire based on need for uniqueness and self- expressive benefi, considering the role ofconsumer innovativness and psychological factors among employees of South Pars National Gas Company.Forthis purpose, 291 students were selected by a random sampling method and anserwd to the self-reportquestionnaire including scales of need for uniqueness (Jia and Janshah, 2018), self- expressive benefit (Jia andJanshah, 2018), consumer innovativness ( Rainey and Irma, 2018), green consumption attitude (Chen and Deng,2016), perceived behavioral control (Chang, 2019), subjective norm (Chang, 2019) and willingness to greenconsumption (Kafulao, 2014). The research method is a descriptive of the correlation type. The results of thepath analysis showed that the indirect effect of the need for uniqueness and self- expressive benefit on thewillingness to green consumption through consumer innovativness, green attitude, subjective norm andperceived behavioral control is positive and significant. Also consumer innovativness has an indirect andpositive effect on willingness green consumption through the mediation of green attitude, perceived behavioralcontrol, and subjective norm&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        169 - Sociological analysis and explanation of the effect of using cyberspace (Telegram and Instagram) on the trend of modern lifestyle of Shahriar girls (study among Shahriar high school female students)
        mona ghasemishall Majid Radfar reza ali mohseni
        10.30495/jisds.2022.19720
        The present study was conducted with the aim of sociological analysis and explanation of the impact of the use of cyberspace (Telegram and Instagram) on the trend of modern lifestyle has been done. The theoretical framework of this study was examined according to the th More
        The present study was conducted with the aim of sociological analysis and explanation of the impact of the use of cyberspace (Telegram and Instagram) on the trend of modern lifestyle has been done. The theoretical framework of this study was examined according to the theories of Giddens, Castells, Cheney, Bourdieu, McCombushaw, Amel and Simmel. In this research, the effect of cyberspace on the formation of modern lifestyle has been investigated. Formal validity (experts' agreement) was used to assess the validity of the questionnaire questions and Cronbach's alpha test was used to assess the reliability, the reliability of which was also confirmed with 0.80. After reviewing various topics and perspectives on the impact of cyberspace on the trend of modern lifestyle regarding the relationships between variables, 6 different hypotheses were proposed and tested. Data were collected through a questionnaire designed by the researcher and the necessary information was obtained through interviews with the statistical population. Our statistical sample in this study included 360 female high school students who were studying in Shahriar. In order to select the samples, in this research, simple two-stage cluster sampling method has been used. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the use of social networks and the tendency to modern lifestyle in terms of social behaviors, customs, body management, consumption pattern. In contrast, in this study it was found between social networks and adolescents' leisure There is no significant relationship. Manuscript profile
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        170 - Sociological study of the role and impact of cultural consumerism lifestyle on inviromental behavior with a sustainable development approach. Case study: Citizens of Tehran metropolis
        Farzaneh Farhadian babadi علیرضا&rlm; محسنی&rlm; تبریزی مصطفی&rlm; &rlm; ازکیا
        10.30495/jisds.2022.20671
        As one of the leading theorists of lifestyle, Bourdieu presented the most coherent discussion of the concept of lifestyle and cultural consumption. Simmel was also the first modernist sociologist to realize the importance of consumption in the social construction of mod More
        As one of the leading theorists of lifestyle, Bourdieu presented the most coherent discussion of the concept of lifestyle and cultural consumption. Simmel was also the first modernist sociologist to realize the importance of consumption in the social construction of modern life, and he believed that when metropolises developed, social and psychological needs in individuals contributed to the spread of consumerism ; Also, the theory of sustainable urban development raises the issues of preventing urban environmental pollution, supporting recycling and not supporting harmful development; Accordingly, the theoretical framework of the research is based on the mentioned theories.The statistical population of the study includes all residents of eight districts of Tehran who are between [18-60] years old. According to Cochran's formula, 385 people were obtained as a statistical sample, but due to the large population of the statistical population and taking into account the possible lost data, the sample size of 810 people was selected.This research has been done with a quantitative approach and with a survey method and it is a questionnaire collection tool.Findings show that there is a significant relationship between cultural consumerist lifestyle and environmental behavior.There is also a significant relationship between education, age, economic status and social status. But there is an inverse and negative relationship between gender and environmental behavior. Manuscript profile
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        171 - The Role of Social Indifference in the Branding Crisis caused by Food Security Scandals in Developing Societies
        Sara Hamidi Karim Hamdi Mohammad Hassan Behzadi
        Manuscript profile
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        172 - A Sociological Explanation of Social Factors Influencing the Cultural Goods Consumption (Case of Study: Tehran City)
        Ali Darabi Mehdi Mokhtarpour
        Manuscript profile
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        173 - The Effect of Mass Media on Rural and Tribal Life Style in Gilan Gharb Province
        Eshagh Arjmand Siyahpoush Masoumeh Heydari Zarghoush
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        174 - School, the Family, Healthy Life Style among High School Students in the City of Esfahan
        Mansour Haghighatian
        The life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with the cult More
        The life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with the cultures of different countries, and so forth, have led to vast changes in consumption behaviors and life styles of the young. Utilizing the ideas of scholars such as Pierre Bourdieu and Anthony Giddens, this article aims to investigate the effects of variables such as teacher&rsquo;s behaviors, academic materials, and parents&rsquo; way of living, foreign media usage (namely the internet and satellite TV), parents&rsquo; socio-economic status, and friends on students&rsquo; healthy life style. The research population consisted of all male and female high school students of the city of Isfahan of which, using Cochran's formula, and 385 individuals are chosen as the sample. The results show that the mean score of healthy life style of the students was 2.4 out of 5 which is below the medium level. Statistical analysis results show that foreign media usage, parent's socio-economic status, and parent's way of living had more influence on students&rsquo; health-oriented life style. Manuscript profile
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        175 - The Evaluation of Sociological Effect of Subsidies’ Variables and Cultural Capital on the Life style of Householder Teachers in Amol City in 2015
        Esmail Esmaily Alireza Kaldi Mansour Vosoughi
        Manuscript profile
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        176 - The Study of the Process of Cultural Goods’ Consumption Transformation and the Influencing Social Factors on it among the Kurd Ethnic Group in Recent Decades in Kurdestan Province (Case of Study: Residing Families during Two Generations in Sanandaj City in 2013)
        Seifollahi Seifollahi Jamal Arshadi
        Manuscript profile
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        177 - The role of citizenship education in proper water consumption in Tehran (case study of regions 2 and 16)
        Melika yousefian seyed reza salehi amiri
        Introduction &amp; Objective of the research: Saving water consumption to save and sustain life on earth This is a basic principle, so citizenship education as a basis for participation, creating knowledge and interaction with the environment to protect environmental cu More
        Introduction &amp; Objective of the research: Saving water consumption to save and sustain life on earth This is a basic principle, so citizenship education as a basis for participation, creating knowledge and interaction with the environment to protect environmental culture. Investigating the role of citizenship education in proper water consumption in Tehran (case study of regions 2 and 16). Methods: This research is a quantitative method and data collection was done by survey. The statistical population of the study was 467611 people from the 2nd and 16th districts of Tehran. The sample size was 382 people and the method of sampling method was random. In this study, the face validity of the questionnaire was used for validity and Gronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire. The collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with 27 questions. In this study, data analysis method was used. Inferential statistics including Pearson correlation coefficients, Kendall and multivariate regression have been performed. Results: The results of this study have shown that there is a significant relationship between proper water consumption and citizenship education. Conclusion: The results of this study have shown that the role of citizenship education in districts 2 and 16 of Tehran has been effective in the field of proper water consumption and in this study it can be said that the value of correlation coefficient (R) between variables is 0.300 which shows There is a strong correlation between (citizenship education in the field of water consumption). But the value of the adjusted coefficient (R2) which is equal to 0.090, which shows that 9% of the changes in citizenship education are in the field of water consumption. Therefore, citizenship education in the field of water consumption in the city of Tehran (studied in areas 2 and 16) is effective. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        178 - The Relationship between Self-Concept and Decision Making for Selected the Location of a Tourist Fare on the Consumption Style of Domestic Tourists in Isfahan City
        Mehrdad Sadeghi Abbas Gheadamini Harouni
        Introduction &amp; Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between self- concept and decision making for selected the location of a tourist fare on the consumption style of domestic tourists in Isfahan City. Method: The research method is des More
        Introduction &amp; Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between self- concept and decision making for selected the location of a tourist fare on the consumption style of domestic tourists in Isfahan City. Method: The research method is descriptive- correlative and is an applied goal. The statistical population includes all the population of domestic tourists in Isfahan, whose number is unlimited of these, 384 people were selected using sample- based sampling method using a criterion- targeted purposeful approach. To collect data from two standard questionnaire on the eight dimensions of&nbsp; Vals consumption style and the standard questionnaire of the concept of self was used. Given that the current questionnaires are standardized questionnaires the validity of the questionnaire was verifiable and formal and factor analysis, and analyzed by the statistical community and experts of the field. The reliability of the Cronbach alpha- abstract questionnaire was also calculated&nbsp; the questionnaire with all this was above ./7. Indicating an acceptable level of the variables being investigated. The analysis of the non- inferential methods using structured equation modeling, variance analysis using SPSS software, Warp Pls 6. Findings: The results of the research hypotheses showed that there was a meaningful. Relationship with the successful, experienced, innovators, builders and survivors. And the real self with the successful, the belivers the fighters and the thinkers. Result: The higher the actual self-esteem among Isfahan's domestic tourists, the tendency for these types of consumption decreases. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        179 - Review water tariff systems in European countries in order to water demand management strategies
        عبدالرحیم رحیمی رمضانعلی محمودی مجید کلانتری محمد داودآبادی سید علی سید زاده
        Research Objective: Nowadays, population growth, industrial development, increasing demand for water and sanitation, reducing water resources caused excessive consumption of water and environmental protection of water demand management has greater sensitivity. Therefore More
        Research Objective: Nowadays, population growth, industrial development, increasing demand for water and sanitation, reducing water resources caused excessive consumption of water and environmental protection of water demand management has greater sensitivity. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide to help water demand management process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling water consumption to identify current practices and use of existing tools to improve efficiency levels and patterns of water. Method: This study is analytical- review and based It on water demand management, a combination of corrective measures for achieving appropriate utilization of production capacities and the real value of it is that the consumer is acting. Findings: The findings of this study indicate that in addition to applying demand management strategies to protect water resources and reduce environmental pollution causing reduce costs, increase value added and ultimately improve the quality of service to subscribers in improving urban management. Conclusions: The study some of the successful patterns of water demand in European countries such as Germany, Netherlands and Belgium are the most successful countries in the management of demand shows that countries with abundant water resources have been able to moderate their consumption 120 liters for every person per day reduction Manuscript profile
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        180 - The effect of urbanism on energy consumption in selected countries
        Parvaneh Salatin Samaneh Mohammadi
        Introduction and objective: Today, energy and its applications have a special place in human&rsquo;s life. Energy is the prerequisite of social and economic growth and meets the need for drinking water, food and shelter. In recent decades the energy demand has risen as More
        Introduction and objective: Today, energy and its applications have a special place in human&rsquo;s life. Energy is the prerequisite of social and economic growth and meets the need for drinking water, food and shelter. In recent decades the energy demand has risen as an important strategic input for production and services and as a significant commodity for users in itself. So, the main objective of the present paper is investigation of the theoretical relationship and the effectiveness of urbanism on energy consumption in selected oil-exporting countries. Method: This is an applied, comparative and causative research in terms of methodology and an inferential one in terms of writing method. Findings: The results from fixed effects methodology and Generalized Method of Moments in selected countries during 2000-2012 show that urbanism has a positive and significant effect on energy consumption in selected countries. Conclusion: The main reasons behind higher energy consumption in urbanism have been consumption pattern changes, higher commodity and services demand, and therefore, higher production and transportation, needing more energy.&nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        181 - Effect of agricultural water use management on food security of farmers’ households in family farming system: case study of Kermanshah county
        Hossein shabanali fami mostafa moradi Ali Asadi
        The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of agricultural water use management on food security in family farming system in Kermanshah county. The statistical population of the study consisted of 9656 of irrigation farmers in Kermanshah county. Sample s More
        The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of agricultural water use management on food security in family farming system in Kermanshah county. The statistical population of the study consisted of 9656 of irrigation farmers in Kermanshah county. Sample size was determined using Cochran&rsquo;s formula, 217 farmers were selected by stratified sampling method. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by content validity method using the comments related to the panel of experts (faculty members of the department of agricultural management and development at university of Tehran) and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach&rsquo;s alpha coefficient (0.73-0.81). SPSSWin23 software was used to analyze the data. The results of path analysis showed that agricultural water use management directly and indirectly influences farmers&rsquo; food security by improving product quality and product diversity, changing crop pattern, increasing agricultural consumption and agricultural production, and also increasing inputs&rsquo; productivity and income increase. Improving Farmers' water use management In addition to increasing production and productivity of inputs and improving farmers' income, it will increase farmers' access to a diverse and quality food basket and ultimately improve their food security. Manuscript profile
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        182 - The mediating role of attitude in analyzing the factors affecting the tendency of rural women to use medicinal plants during the COVID-19 outbreak
        رویا کرمی Layla Bayat
        Since the onset of the, researchers have introduced various medicines as candidates for treatment or prevention, the effects of which are still questionable. In the meantime, medicinal plants as a product derived from nature was reported as one of the most popular optio More
        Since the onset of the, researchers have introduced various medicines as candidates for treatment or prevention, the effects of which are still questionable. In the meantime, medicinal plants as a product derived from nature was reported as one of the most popular options in the world, the effects of which are still being studied and tested. This subject led this study to investigate the mediating role of attitude in the relation of independent variables and the tendency to use medicinal plants among the population of rural women of Zanjan province. The study using survey method and questionnaire as tool which its validity and reliability were confirmed, collected data in accordance with health protocols. Sampling conducted using multi stage cluster sampling and the number of samples was determined using Cochran's formula equal to 272 people. The results indicated that economic and social variables, characteristics of medicinal plants, and knowledge had a positive and significant effect on attitude and attitude as a mediator was able to explain 55% of the changes in the tendency to use medicinal plants. Further, Corona anxiety directly played a significant role in explaining the tendency to use herbs, but in the indirect model it did not have a significant effect on attitude. Manuscript profile
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        183 - Content Analysis of the Viewpoints of Researchers at Agricultural Research Centers Regarding the opposition to the cultivation and consumption of transgenic products in Iran
        yahya safi sis ahmad rezvanfar
        While there is no reliable scientific information about the results of the cultivation and consumption of transgenic products at the community level, and the controversy between the proponents and opponents has led the process to continue, researchers seem to be the onl More
        While there is no reliable scientific information about the results of the cultivation and consumption of transgenic products at the community level, and the controversy between the proponents and opponents has led the process to continue, researchers seem to be the only group that due to high knowledge, they can be responsive to consumers, farmers and the Governors. In this regard, the present study was conducted on the basis of qualitative paradigm and using content analysis to analyze the views of researchers at agricultural research centers on the opposition to cultivation and consumption of transgenic products in Iran. In order to collect the data, a semi-structured interview method with 23 researchers was used with purposeful sampling and snowball sampling. The findings of this study showed that the three factors of "environmental degradation", "endangering human health" and "Imposing cultivation and consumption, weak ethical considerations and lack of national independence" are the reasons for the opposition to the cultivation and consumption of transgenic products from the viewpoint of researchers at agricultural research centers. Manuscript profile
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        184 - Analysis of farmers' behavior in using low pressure irrigation technology based on the development of the decomposed theory of planned behavior
        arezo mokhtari hesari roholah rezaei Hossein shabanali fami ali nemati
        10.30495/jaeer.2022.64576.10907
        The present study aimed to analyze the Farmers' Behavior in Using Low-pressure Irrigation System. This qualitative study is performed in East Azarbaijan province. The statistical sample population consists of 393 farmers out of 112010 farmers of East Azarbaijan province More
        The present study aimed to analyze the Farmers' Behavior in Using Low-pressure Irrigation System. This qualitative study is performed in East Azarbaijan province. The statistical sample population consists of 393 farmers out of 112010 farmers of East Azarbaijan province. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire that face validity and convergent validity were used to assess the validity of the questionnaire. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the mean of variance extracted was acceptable for the studied structures (AVE&ge;0.522). Also, the combined reliability value was suitable for all structures (CR&ge;0.785). The SPSS version 20 and AMOS version 21 were used to analyze the data. In order to better understand the main factors influencing the behavior of low-pressure irrigation systems, the research model was based on the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB) and extended. In this study, two variables of moral norm and self-identity have been added to the initial model of the decomposed theory of planned behavior, which has made it more complete and comprehensive. The results of using structural equation modeling showed that EDTPB had a suitable effectiveness and efficiency to predict farmers' behavior in using low-pressure irrigation system. In addition, variables including compatibility, advantages, facilitators, self-efficacy, attitudes, moral norms, self-identity and behavioral control were explained 72% of the variance changes. Also, the variables of benefits and adaptation explained 33% of the variance of attitudes towards the use of low pressure irrigation system and the variables of self-efficacy and facilitators explained about 21% of the variance of farmers' behavioral controling of the application of low pressure irrigation system. Manuscript profile
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        185 - The Impact of Educational Factors inApplication Biological Control in Greenhouse products from consumer’s point of view
        یحیی Ostadi Gh Yavari محمود Shojaei S.M Mirdamadi M.A Mohammadi
        Manuscript profile
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        186 - The Impacts of Perceived Innovation Characteristics on Intention to Use Bio-Fertilizers among Farmers: Evidence from Yengijeh Village, Zanjan County
        Ehsan Gholifar Ali Mirshekari Rasool Lavaei Adaryani Hesamedin Gholami
        Due to adverse effect of chemical fertilizers overconsumption, bio-fertilizers have been considered as an alternative or supplementary input. However, sustainable consumption of bio-fertilizers is dependent to their adoption by farmers. Accordingly, the main purpose of More
        Due to adverse effect of chemical fertilizers overconsumption, bio-fertilizers have been considered as an alternative or supplementary input. However, sustainable consumption of bio-fertilizers is dependent to their adoption by farmers. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to examine the impact of bio-fertilizers perceived innovation characteristics on intention to use them in Yengijeh village in Zanjan County. The statistical population consisted of 313 farmers working in this village from which 165 farmers were chosen through convenience sampling. A questionnaire was applied to gather data that its reliability and face validity was examined, respectively by computing Cronbach Alfa and a panel of expert. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Results revealed that among five bio-fertilizers&rsquo; innovation perceived characteristics (compatibility, complexity, trial ability, observability and relative advantage), only observability had positive significant impact on intention to use these fertilizers. It seems that the observability of bio-fertilizers in comparison with other innovation characteristics can be achieved without need for any action to be taken through environmental indicators and informal relationships. Thus, intention to use bio-fertilizers can be predicted by characteristics that easily and without extra effort can be understood. Manuscript profile
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        187 - Modeling Farmers' Behavior in Optimal Management of Agricultural Water Consumption Based on Smart Climate Agriculture in Pakdasht County: Application of Planned Behavior Theory
        Ali Tavassoti Mehrdad Niknami sayed Jamal F Hosseini Maryam Omidi Najafabadi
        Farmers considered as a main factor in managing agricultural water consumption. Behavioral theories look for the causes of improper use of agricultural water in the behavior of farmers and state that human intention to consume water determines behavior. Therefore, the a More
        Farmers considered as a main factor in managing agricultural water consumption. Behavioral theories look for the causes of improper use of agricultural water in the behavior of farmers and state that human intention to consume water determines behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to model the behavior of farmers in the optimal management of agricultural water consumption based on smart climate agriculture using the theory of programmed behavior. The research method was survey. The statistical population was 322 greenhouse owners in Pakdasht County that 51 people selected as the sample size through Cochran's formula. In the field stage, a questionnaire used as the main research tool. Face and content validity as well as the reliability of the research tool were confirmed. The result of the structural equation modeling approach showed the effect of abstract norms on behavioral intention, and the effect of this variable on the behavior of optimal management of agricultural water consumption. Manuscript profile
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        188 - Water use efficiency and water productivity in potato genotypes under water stress conditions
        Marjan Samaee Ali Mohammad Modares Sanavi Ahmad Mousapour Gorji Eskandar Zand
        In order to identify sensitivity of different potato genotypes to water stress, a research was carried out as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Karaj in 2014 and 2015. Potato genotypes at eleven levels (Agria, Caesar More
        In order to identify sensitivity of different potato genotypes to water stress, a research was carried out as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Karaj in 2014 and 2015. Potato genotypes at eleven levels (Agria, Caesar, Savalan, Sante, Marfona, Milva, Picasso, Hermes, Jelli, 397081-1, 397069-2) and irrigation treatments in two levels (stress and control) are conducted. Tape irrigation was done normally and in the early stages of tuber production, watering for stress plots was disconnected and control plots were irrigated in a normal way, after reaching to ninety percent of the soil moisture deficit, irrigation was done again until the soil moisture reached field capacity and irrigation was done normally up to the end of growing season. Combined analysis of data for two years showed a reduction of biological yield, healthy tuber fresh weight, marketable healthy tuber fresh weight, LAIM, dry weight of LAIM, evapotranspiration and water usage in genotypes under the stress compared to the control. WP based on fresh weight of healthy tubers and fresh weight of marketable healthy tubers reduced or showed a tendency to reduction in most of genotypes under the stress. WUE based on the healthy tuber yield and marketable healthy tuber yield decreased under the water stress compared to the control in all genotypes except for 397069-2. The most amount of WP based on fresh weight of the marketable healthy yield was observed in 397069-2, respectively (5.41) and (5) kg/m3 in two years under the stress. Based on results of this experiment, doing of additional researches in order to achieve suitable potato genotypes for planting in actual deficit water conditions of our country according to diversity of planting season, place, climate, quality of seed potato, experts and etc. are recommended. Manuscript profile
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        189 - Effects of deficit irrigation on growth trend, quantity and quality characteristics of maize in Kermanshah
        abdoreza ahmadpour Bahman Farhadi Bansouleh Mokhtar Ghobadi
        This study was conducted to investigate impacts of deficit irrigation on trend of crop growth, quantity and quality characteristics and water use efficiency of maize in Kermanshah. The field study was carried out at a randomized complete block design with four irrigatio More
        This study was conducted to investigate impacts of deficit irrigation on trend of crop growth, quantity and quality characteristics and water use efficiency of maize in Kermanshah. The field study was carried out at a randomized complete block design with four irrigation treatments (40% deficit irrigation, 20% deficit irrigation, full irrigation (FAO Penman-Monteith method) and 20% over irrigation) and three replications with furrow irrigation method. Results indicated that impacts of deficit irrigation was significant on grain yield, biomass, weight of stems, weight of ears, weight of leaves, leaf area index, plant height, number of kernels per row, number of kernels per ear, grain protein and fat. The impacts of water stress on characteristics of maize were different in different stages of growth and were higher at the end of the growing season (grain filling stage). Maximum amount of&nbsp; water use efficiency in grain and fat was in T4 respectively 1.051 and 0.0549 Kg/ha and for biomass and protein was in T3 respectively 2.568 and 0.092 Kg/ha. So deficit irrigation is not recommended for maize in Kermanshah. Manuscript profile
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        190 - Study the effect of deficit irrigation on yield, quality characteristics and water use efficiency of three cultivars of soybean in Moghan plain
        Abasalt Rostami Ajirloo محمدرضا اصغری پور احمد قنبری مهدی جودی محمود خرمی وفا
        Water deficit is the main factor that limit growth of plants, so achieving optimal performance under water deficitcondition requires the selection of a suitable variety is due to the circumstances of each region. According to this, anexperiment was conducted in a split More
        Water deficit is the main factor that limit growth of plants, so achieving optimal performance under water deficitcondition requires the selection of a suitable variety is due to the circumstances of each region. According to this, anexperiment was conducted in a split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with threereplications on soybean in Moghan plain at 2015 and 2016 years. Main-plots were Normal irrigation (IR1), 80percent of full irrigation (IR2), 70 percent of full irrigation (IR3) and 50 percent of full irrigation (IR4) respectively,Cultivars included Williams (Cul1), M9 (Cul2) and Zan (Cul3) as a sub-plot. The results of comparing the means ofdata demonstrated that deficit irrigation decreased yield, yield components, percentage of seed oil of all cultivars.Also, the highest its characteristics (yield 4000 kg/hectare, Number of pods per plant 127.33, Number of seeds perplant 240, 1000 seeds weigh 300 gr, biomass 8900 kg/hectare, percentage of seed protein 25.3, WUE (yield) 0.95and WUE (grain oil) 0.23 kg.m-3) observed in Williams cultivar under normal irrigation and the lowest values forthese traits were obtained in Zan cultivar at IR3 and IR4 treatments. Also, the lowest protein content obtained innormal irrigation in the Williams cultivar and the highest that observed in the M9 cultivar at treatment IR4,respectively. Therefore, in order to this results Williams was the best cultivar under normal irrigation and waterdeficit conditions about yield and M9 was the sensitive variety to the deficit irrigation in Moghan Plain. Manuscript profile
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        191 - Effect of partial root-zone drying irrigation and plant density on yield and water productivity of forage corn
        Hossein Sahradi Fayaz Aghayari
        To study the effect of different methods of partial root-zone drying irrigation and plant density on yield and water productivity of forage corn a field experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement using randomized complete block design with four replications at More
        To study the effect of different methods of partial root-zone drying irrigation and plant density on yield and water productivity of forage corn a field experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement using randomized complete block design with four replications at soil and water research institute, Karaj, Iran in 2014-2015 growing year. Different irrigation methods in three levels: I1: conventional furrow irrigation, I2: intermittent alternate furrow irrigation, I3: the fixed alternate furrow irrigation that were located in the main plots and plant density in three levels: D1: 75000 plants per hectare, D2: density of 85,000 per hectare, D3: density of 95,000 plants per hectare that were located in the sub plots. Results showed that the highest water productivity of Grain yield was achieved in treatment of the intermittent alternate furrow irrigation which showed 21.6 % significant increase in comparison to conventional furrow irrigation. Generally, method of intermittent alternate partial irrigation was a significant advantage compared to other irrigation methods in order to increase water productivity. The highest water productivity for biological fresh yield (11.97 kg.m-3) and WP for biological dry yield (3.91 kg.m-3) was achieved in treatment of the intermittent alternate furrow irrigation and density of 85,000 plant per hectare that increased 27.2% and 31.2% as compared to control treatment, respectively. Thus, method of partial root-zone drying irrigation (intermittent alternate) and density of 85,000 plants per hectare to increase productivity of forage corn is suggested in Karaj area. Manuscript profile
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        192 - The Effect of Deficit Irrigation Management and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Yield and Water use Productivity in Soybean
        Amir Nikakhtar Ali Neshat Najmeh Yazdanpanah
        10.30495/wsrcj.2023.70738.11335
        Background and Aim: The deficit irrigation method with the aim of saving water consumption can be presented as a useful strategy in low water conditions and with the proper use of the amount of water consumption. Optimum use of water and proper use of fertilizer, in add More
        Background and Aim: The deficit irrigation method with the aim of saving water consumption can be presented as a useful strategy in low water conditions and with the proper use of the amount of water consumption. Optimum use of water and proper use of fertilizer, in addition to increasing plant yield, increases the water productivity and fertilizer. Nitrogen is one of the main elements in plant nutrition, because of its importance in the plant's vital processes; its deficiency reduces performance more than other elements. The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of water stress and different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and productivity of Williams cultivar soybeans in Hormozgan province.Method: This experiment was conducted in the form of split plots in the form of randomized complete blocks in three replications in Hajiabad city (Hormozgan province) in two crop years 2021 and 2022. The main factor was irrigation in 6 levels without irrigation and providing 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120% of water requirement and the secondary factor was the amounts of nitrogen fertilizer (urea source) in four levels including zero, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg/ha. Each experimental unit had dimensions of 5&times;20 m2 and had 10 cultivation rows.Results: The interaction effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on biological, pod and seed yields, harvest index, thousand seed weight, number of seeds per plant, pod length, water consumption efficiency in biological, pod and seed were significant at 1% level. The interaction effect of irrigation and fertilizer showed that the highest amount of biological, pod and seed yields in the conditions of 100% water requirement and 150 kg N/ha consumption were 6051, 4941 and 3049 kg/ha respectively. The maximum harvest index due to the interaction effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer was in the conditions of 100% water requirement and with 100 and 150 kgN/ha fertilizer with an average of 0.43%. The interaction effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer showed that the maximum thousand seed weight was with 120.8 g in the condition of 100 percent water requirement and fertilizer consumption of 200 kg/ha. The highest efficiency of water consumption based on biological, pod and seed yields were observed in conditions without irrigation and 150 kg N/ha in the amount of 5.61, 3.71 and 2.28 kg/m3 respectively.Conclusion: According to the results, the availability of water and sufficient nitrogen are two very important factors that affect the growth and yield of soybean. Therefore, in addition to the lack of water, the lack of nitrogen also causes stress on the growth and yield of soybean. With the upward trend of nitrogen fertilizer consumption, the yield decreased and if there is not enough water, the increase in nitrogen fertilizer consumption aggravates the effect of moisture stress and as a result the yield of the plant decreases, therefore, in water shortage conditions, Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer is not recommended. According to the results, full irrigation and nitrogen consumption up to 150 kg/ha are suggested for the studied area. Manuscript profile
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        193 - Optimal nitrogen fertilizer consumption under sprinkler irrigation system in different seeding density and wheat cultivars in Karaj
        Ghasem Zarei Hamidreza Salemi Hamidreza ُSharifi
        The large area of wheat cultivation in Iran is located in arid and semi-arid regions and due to water shortage in end growing stage, there is competition between wheat and other crops for water allocation. In these conditions, using suitable seeding density and modern i More
        The large area of wheat cultivation in Iran is located in arid and semi-arid regions and due to water shortage in end growing stage, there is competition between wheat and other crops for water allocation. In these conditions, using suitable seeding density and modern irrigation systems for yield increasing is important. Although Nitrogen is the most important element for quantity and quality of wheat, but over using of Nitrogen base fertilizers causes leaching, decreasing fertilizers use efficiency and groundwater contamination. This research was conducted during two years with Split Factorial Design experiment. The treatments of this experiment were: Three fertilizers application methods (conventional fertilizers application with full recommended amount, fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and full recommended amount, and fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and 70% nutrition recommended), three wheat variety (Pishtaz, Shiraz, and Bahar) and three plant density (300, 400, and 500 seed in each square meter). In this study the amount of water use, fertilizer requirement in case of fertigation, suitable density and variety of wheat under these conditions (sprinkler irrigation and fertigation) were determined and recommended for the region. Statictical test was used for identifying of data variation uniformity. Since the variation uniformity hypothises verified, the combine analysis of data was possible. Therefore, combine statistical analysis for two year were used. Maximum grin yield 6065, 5786 and 5943 kg/h were belonging to Pishtaz, fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and full recommended amount and 400 seed density per square meter, respectively. Minimum grin yield 5517, 5708 and 5576 kg/h were belonging to Shiraz, fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and 70% nutrition recommended fertigation and 500 seed density per square meter, respectively. Mean intraction effect comparison between fertigation methods, varieties and seed densities showed that maximum grin yield (6307 kg/h) was belonging to Pishtaz, fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and full recommended amount fertigation and 400 seed density per square meter. However, minimum grin yield (5359 kg/h) was belonging to Shiraz, fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and 70% nutrition recommended fertigation and 500 seed density per square meter. The most protein percentage were belonging to Shiraz variey, fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and full recommended amount fertigation and 300 seed density per square meter. Also the leats protein percentage were belonging to Bahar variey, fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and 70% nutrition recommended and 500 seed density per square meter. Maximum grin yield (5786 kg/h) and protein (20.8%) was belonging to fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and full recommended amount, respectively. The amount of produced grin per appllied one kg Urea were 15.4, 15.5, and 22.8 kg in three fertilizer treatments, respectively. Therefore, the Nitrogen use efficiency in fertigation with 70% nutrition recommended (fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and 70% nutrition recommended) was high. Results showed that the fertigation method with sprinkler irrigation and 70% nutrition recommended, Pishtaz variety and 400 seed density per square meter were suitable treatments in this experiment. Manuscript profile
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        194 - Evaluation management strategies to reducing agricultural water use (Case study: Marvdasht-Kharameh study area)
        omid raja masoud parsinejad teymor sohrabi
        Irregular exploitation of water resources of the country, especially in the agricultural sector, has threatened Iran with serious threats. The main objective of this study is to provide of possible management strategies at farm level, without changing irrigation systems More
        Irregular exploitation of water resources of the country, especially in the agricultural sector, has threatened Iran with serious threats. The main objective of this study is to provide of possible management strategies at farm level, without changing irrigation systems and additional costs in order to reduce agricultural water consumption such as improving irrigation water efficiency, changing the planting date and studying different levels of deficit irrigation with regarding the type of cultivation, the actual conditions of irrigation management (amount, number of irrigation, etc.) in different areas of the study area have been checked. The basics of the study are based on actual information and in the form of a case study. . The results showed that improvement of irrigation efficiency for dominant crops in two regions of Dorodzan and Korbal, leading to savings in water allocation of 131.5 (11.2%) and 33.8 (10.83%) million cubic meters, respectively. The results of the scenario of change in planting date using AquaCrop model simulation showed that with this management pattern could be saved, 31.6 (2.7%) and 9.17 (2.94%) million cubic meters in the two regions of Dorodzan and Korbal in water consumption respectively . At the same time, different levels of deficit irrigation can save 85.5(7.3%) and 26.2 (8.4%) million cubic meters in water consumption respectively. Manuscript profile
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        195 - Responses of grass (Seashore Paspalum) to Rotational Management of Saline water
        Sayyed-Hassan Tabatabaei Mohammad Pessarakli Negar Nourmahnad
        Applying proper irrigation management can reduce the yield loss caused by salinity. Growth responses of Seashore Paspalum, in terms of shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights, and the general quality of the grasses were studied hydroponically in a greenhouse under More
        Applying proper irrigation management can reduce the yield loss caused by salinity. Growth responses of Seashore Paspalum, in terms of shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights, and the general quality of the grasses were studied hydroponically in a greenhouse under rotational levels of salinity stress. The experiment was arranged as a split plot based on randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments include of five constant salinity levels as 5, 10, 20, and 30 gr/lit (named as Ctrl, C10, C20 and C30, respectively) as well as four more rotational salinity treatments (named as A10, A20 and A30). The results showed the maximum length of root and shoot (16.67 and 6.91 cm, respectively) was observed in Ctrl. At each salinity level, dry weight and fresh weight of shoot significantly increased in grasses grown under rotational salinity/control condition compared to their corresponding treatments under constant salinity stress condition. The percent of relative water content was higher in Ctrl, C10, A10 and A20. Also, C20 and C30 have the lower relative water content. Maximum water use efficiency observed at the Ctrl and then in A20 and A30. It concludes that rotational use of saline water causes improvement of WUE in grass. Manuscript profile
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        196 - Evaluation of yield, water use efficiency and Nitrogen efficiency in corn cultivation in Khuzestan province
        maryam kazemizadeh abdorahim hooshmand abdali naseri mona golabi muosa meskarbashee
        Water and nitrogen are the main factors limiting the maximum yield Achievement. Application of nitrogen fertilizer has great impact to increasing agricultural production. On the other hand, the high use of these fertilizers is due to the low efficiency of these fertiliz More
        Water and nitrogen are the main factors limiting the maximum yield Achievement. Application of nitrogen fertilizer has great impact to increasing agricultural production. On the other hand, the high use of these fertilizers is due to the low efficiency of these fertilizers. This research was conducted in response to the challenges of water scarcity and inappropriate management of nitrogen utilization. To quantitate the reaction of the plant and calculate the water and fertilizer efficiency, two irrigation levels, full irrigation (I1) and deficit irrigation equal 30% (I2) as the first factor and two nitrogen levels of 200 (N1) and 160 (N2) kg per hectare, it was considered as a second factor. Experiments were carried out as field treatments and in lysimeters as a factorial in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The cultivars used were maize hybrid 611 and 704 mediator SC, which were cultivated in two seasons of spring and autumn, respectively. Based on the results of this study, leaf area index with higher nitrogen application in the same moisture conditions is increased. Nitrogen increase, while that enough water is available to the plant, increases the weight of 1000 seeds, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index. Optimum use of water and nitrogen fertilizer increases grain yield and therefore increases water use efficiency. With increasing nitrogen content, nitrogen use efficiency decreases in corn cultivation. Under stress conditions, with increasing nitrogen consumption, fertilizer N-recovery efficiency is also reduced by decreasing the absorption of this element by the plant. The economic and biological efficiency of water use in autumn cultivation was more than spring cultivation. Low spring yield and high rainfall during autumn crop period were due to the efficiency and more productivity of water use in autumn cropping. In Khuzestan weather conditions, the use of early cultivars is recommended instead of the mediator for spring crop due to coincide the pollination time with intense heat. Manuscript profile
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        197 - Effect of magnetized water on hydraulic properties of tape irrigation system and yield and water use efficiency in maize
        Jaefar Nikbakht Amir Talei
        In this research, effect of irrigation water crossing from fixed magnetized field on tape nozzle clogging and hydraulic properties of tape irrigation system as well as yield and water use efficiency in maize cv. Maxima were studied. The research was done from June to Oc More
        In this research, effect of irrigation water crossing from fixed magnetized field on tape nozzle clogging and hydraulic properties of tape irrigation system as well as yield and water use efficiency in maize cv. Maxima were studied. The research was done from June to October in Research Farm of Zanjan University based on the complete randomized blocks in three replications with two treatments, irrigation water crossing and no crossing from field magnetic. Magnetic field was created by wire-tube method with an intensity of 0.1 Tesla. At the end of the growing season, drip irrigation system was evaluated. In addition, yield and yield components of maize were measured. Based on the results, at no magnetic irrigation system, mean of qa, Eu, Uc and Du decreased as 18%, 3%, 2% and 3% (respectively) and Cv increased 3% compared with magnetic irrigation system (significant differences). Calcite deposits in tape nozzles and their clogging caused it. Using magnetized water for maize watering increased total wet weight, total dry weight and leaf area (as 11%, 10% and 13%, respectively) comparing no magnetized watered crops and the differences were statically significant. As same water used for both magnetic and no magnetic treatments (5193 cubic meter per hectare), increasing of maize total wet weight in magnetic water caused significant increasing in water use efficiency as 1.7 kg/m3 (11%). Manuscript profile
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        198 - Study of salinity distribution in cultivated soil profile under drip irrigation
        leila mirzaeialamuti Bijan Nazari Abbas Sotoodehnia Hadi Ramezani Etedali
        Conservation of soil and water resources in arid and semi-arid countries is a serious concern for salinity. The present study was carried out in a completely randomized block design to investigate soil salt accumulation in tape irrigation. Treatments included: &ldquo;su More
        Conservation of soil and water resources in arid and semi-arid countries is a serious concern for salinity. The present study was carried out in a completely randomized block design to investigate soil salt accumulation in tape irrigation. Treatments included: &ldquo;surface plaque tape&rdquo;, &ldquo;semi-subsurface plaque tape in 10 cm depth of soil&rdquo;, &ldquo;surface tape&rdquo;, &ldquo;semi-subsurface tape in 10 cm depth of soil&rdquo; and &ldquo;surface tape with mulch&rdquo;. Salinity of irrigation water was 2 dS/m with Forage Maize cultivation. The results of salinity analysis indicate that salt distribution in 15-20 cm depth soil and in 10-15 cm space from dripper had highest value. Also in confidence level of 95 %, in all of treatment in 0, 15 and 30 cm space of dripper and 0-20 cm depth of soil level there were different in salt but in another depth (20-40 and 40-60 cm) there weren&rsquo;t any different also, in use of drip tape irrigation system in soil texture silt-loam discrete kind of tape and location of installation, mainly salt distribution happen between 0-15 cm space of dripper and 0-20 cm depth of soil level and we have to do leaching. In this research, surface tape with mulch treatment had the highest yield and lowest water use between studied treatments. This treatment reduced the amount of salt accumulation by 10.39% on average compared to other treatments. Manuscript profile
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        199 - The Effect of Water Use Management in Growth Different Stages on Two Peanut Cultivars Using WOFOST Model
        Ali Abdzad Gohari
        10.30495/wsrcj.2022.20472
        Background and Aim: One of the most important factors limiting peanut production is water stress and shortage in plant growth stages. Therefore, crop simulation models can be useful for predicting yield and assessing the effect of water stress on plant growth and develo More
        Background and Aim: One of the most important factors limiting peanut production is water stress and shortage in plant growth stages. Therefore, crop simulation models can be useful for predicting yield and assessing the effect of water stress on plant growth and development. In this study, the WOFOST model was used to simulate biomass yield, seed yield and water use productivity in peanut. As the peanut modeling research has not been well-addressed in Iran, thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of WOFOST model to simulate the yield of two peanut cultivars under irrigation conditions at different growth stages in Astaneh Ashrafiyeh region.Method: This experiment was performed in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with three iterations. The main treatment included irrigation until the beginning of flowering time (I1), irrigation until the beginning of pod time (I2) and full irrigation (I3), and the sub-treatment included two cultivars of Jonobi peanut (C1) and Guil (C2). The WOFOST version 7.1.3 model was employed. In this model, crop growth simulation is based on carbon cycle, which models crop growth in three situations: absence of limiting factor, water limitation, and nutrient limitation.Results: Model evaluation showed that the root mean square between the observed and simulated values in estimating biomass yield for Jonobi and Guil cultivars in 2017 were 0.554 and 0.501%, in 2018 were 0.872 and 0.897%, and in 2019 were 0.449 and 0.466%, respectively. The root of the mean squares between the observed and simulated values in estimating seed yield for Jonobi and Guil cultivars in 2017 were 0.052 and 0.065%, in 2018 were 0.132 and 0.131%, and in 2019 were 0.101 and 0.096%, respectively. The mean values of relative error between the observed and simulated values in 2017, 2018 and 2019 for biomass yield were 10.2, 18.1, and 7.7%, and for seed yield were 4.35, 6.4 and, -4.5%, respectively; also the efficiency coefficient index ranged from 0.442 to 0.960.Conclusion: Evaluation of simulated and observed values on biomass yield and seed yield demonstrate that RMSE, RMSEn and other statistical indexes were acceptable and the WOFOST model simulated two peanut cultivars accurately in different irrigation treatments. Manuscript profile
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        200 - Effect of Land Use Trends on the Amount of Agricultural Water Consumption in Urmia Lake Watershed in the Next 20 Years Using Markov Chain
        Kiyoumars Roushangar Mohammad Taghi Aalami Hassan Golmohammadi
        10.30495/wsrcj.2022.68546.11310
        Background and Aim: Reducing the water level of Urmia Lake and its effects on the environment around the lake has been one of the important national and international issues and challenges in the last two decades. In accord with the studies, one of the critical factors More
        Background and Aim: Reducing the water level of Urmia Lake and its effects on the environment around the lake has been one of the important national and international issues and challenges in the last two decades. In accord with the studies, one of the critical factors affecting this declining trend has been the rise in harvest, especially for agriculture. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to simulate the future status of water resources in the Urmia Lake basin, influenced by the area of agricultural land uses.Method:&nbsp; For this purpose, Landsat satellite image data for the period 2000 to 2020 are firstly classified using the SVM algorithm in ENVI5.3 software and the classification accuracy is analyzed using the Kappa Coefficient algorithm.In the following, the statistics and information related to the change of cultivation pattern (from arable to garden) and water sources discharging Lake Urmia are calculated. In the next step, the simulation of land use changes for 2030 and 2040 is done using two LCM and CA-MARKOV methods. And finally, after determining the amount of changes in each land use, the amount of water required for agricultural affairs in the catchment is simulated using NETWAT model.Conclusion: The results show that the area of two uses, irrigated agriculture and garden will increase from 1450 and 395 square kilometers in 2000 to more than 3600 and 1650 square kilometers in 2040, respectively, This will increase the amount of water Needed or agriculture from 1,500 million cubic meters in 2000 to more than 4,100 million cubic meters in 2040.Results: From 2000 to 2020, water consumption in irrigated agriculture has increased by 1253.05 Km2; which according to Markov's prediction method, this amount will reach 2049.54 Km2 in 2040 that raises the amount of water consumption by 1 billion and 473 million cubic meters. The gardens land use has increased by 688.02 Km2 from 2000 to 2020, and according to Markov's prediction method, this amount will reach 1276.14 Km2 in 2040, which raises the amount of water consumption by 703 million cubic meters. From 2000 to 2020, 367.06 Km2 has been added to the drayland farming, which according to the prediction of Markov method, this amount will reach 531 Km2 in 2040, which soars the amount of water consumption by 253 MCM. Manuscript profile
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        201 - Investigating Irrigation Management in Different Stages of Growth on the Yield and Yield Components of Lentils under Different Levels of Iron Nano-Chelate in Deylaman Region
        Sayyed Mostafah Sadeghi Ali Abdzad Gohari
        10.30495/wsrcj.2023.69377.11323
        Background and Aim: The increase in water consumption in agriculture has caused irrigation management to be studied by experts and researchers in recent years. Water is one of the most important factors limiting the production of lentils. Increasing water productivity t More
        Background and Aim: The increase in water consumption in agriculture has caused irrigation management to be studied by experts and researchers in recent years. Water is one of the most important factors limiting the production of lentils. Increasing water productivity through the application of deficit irrigation methods is one of the important topics in the production of this crop. One of the important needs in agricultural planning is to identify the plant's nutritional needs. Iron is one of the essential elements of low consumption and low mobility that plants need the most among micronutrients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the irrigation management and iron nano-chelate on the yield and yield components of lentils in Guilan province.Method: The present experiment is conducted as a split-plot in the form of a randomized complete block design in three iterations in the Deylaman region. The main factor includes four levels namely without irrigation (rainfed), irrigation in the flowering stage, irrigation in the pod formation stage, and irrigation in the flowering and pod formation stage (full) and the sub-factor includes fertilizing nano iron chelate solution during flowering, pod formation time, flowering and podding time and, pre-ripening.Results: The findings of the research demonstrate that the effect of irrigation management and the influence of nano-chelate on grain and biological yields are significant at the level of 1 percent. As a result of irrigation management, the highest grain and biological yields are observed in the flowering and podding stages under irrigation conditions with an average of 1457 and 4380 kg.ha-1, respectively. At different levels of iron nano-chelate fertilizer, in the flowering and podding stage and fertilization in the pre-ripening stage, the highest grain yield is with an average of 834.2 and 861.7 kg.ha-1, respectively, and the maximum biological yield with an average of 3317.4 and 3228.6 kg.ha-1, respectively.Conclusion: With full irrigation, the number of main branches, the number of full pods per plant, and the biological and grain yields increases, and spraying solution of iron nano chelate fertilizer improves the number of nodes in the stem, and the number of full pods in the plant and rises the biological yield. Therefore, full irrigation and use of iron nano chelate fertilizer during the flowering and podding stages are recommended for the local lentil plant in the study area. Manuscript profile
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        202 - Temporal and spatial study of water use efficiency of strategic crops in regional scale (Case study: Hamadan province)
        Mohammad Ali Bayat Mohammad Manshouri
        Agriculture sector is the largest water consumer in Iran in terms of water volume. Improvement of&nbsp;water use efficiency in this sector would enhance economic efficiency on one hand, and alleviate the&nbsp;challenges of limited renewable water resources on the other More
        Agriculture sector is the largest water consumer in Iran in terms of water volume. Improvement of&nbsp;water use efficiency in this sector would enhance economic efficiency on one hand, and alleviate the&nbsp;challenges of limited renewable water resources on the other hand. Considering this fact, for&nbsp;identification of spatial and temporal variation of wheat crop water use efficiency, this research was&nbsp;carried out in Hamadan province area. The main objective of this study was to identify the best location&nbsp;and scheduling for planting wheat crop to obtain maximum water use efficiency. Wheat&nbsp;evapotranspiration was determined at selected meteorological stations and overall evapotranspiration in&nbsp;the area has been determined using IDW interpolation method. Then, the GIS map of wheat water use&nbsp;efficiency was produced using wheat yields data. The results indicated that west and south-west area of&nbsp;the province have the highest water use efficiency for wheat production. Manuscript profile
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        203 - Simulation of yield and evapotranpiration of forage maize using AquaCrop model
        Mohammad Ghorbanian Kourd Abadi Abdol Majid Liaghat Ebrahim Vatankhah Hamideh Noory
        Crop models such as AquaCrop can be a useful tool for better management of water consumption. However, these models should be evaluated before applying. In this study, the accuracy of the AquaCrop model&nbsp; in estimating shoot fresh weight and evapotranspiration of Ma More
        Crop models such as AquaCrop can be a useful tool for better management of water consumption. However, these models should be evaluated before applying. In this study, the accuracy of the AquaCrop model&nbsp; in estimating shoot fresh weight and evapotranspiration of Maize in different soil fertilities and soil textures was evaluated. Field experiments were done as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three soil texture treatments (including silty clay loam, loam and sandy loam) and three levels of soil fertility (including without added fertilizer, adding one and two percent of the fertilizer into the soil). The study was conducted in summer of 2012 in Jey and Qahab region in Isfahan. Results of this study showed that prediction of the model&nbsp; for shoot fresh weight of fodder maize was extremely efficient. The normalized root mean square errors (nRMSE) of the shoot fresh weight of fodder maize for calibration and validation stages were obtained as 0.87% and 0.67%, respectively. Predicting maize evapotranspiration during the growing season by the model had a higher error rate. Maximum and minimum of the root mean square error was obtained in the sandy loam soil with the addition of two percent of the fertilizer treatments (SLF2) and loam soil by adding one percentage of the fertilizer (LF1) with values of 0.88 and 1.42 mm per day, respectively. Results of this study showed that the mean values of RMSE and nRMSE in simulating maize evapotranspiration for sandy loam soil were 1.16 mm and 24.3% that were more than mean values of RMSE and nRMSE for silty clay loam soil type and loam which were 1.08 mm, 26.2% and 0.93 mm, 20.4%, respectively. However, the model accuracy in predicting maize evapotranspiration was varied at different levels of soil fertility depending on soil types so that the maximum value of RMSE in the loam soil was obtained in treatment without fertilizer (LF0) and in sandy loam soils in treatment with two percent fertilizer (SLF2). Manuscript profile
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        204 - Study of relationship between soybean crop yield and water consumption
        Davood Akbari Nodehi
        Conservation of good quality water is an important challenge in arid and semi-arid regions. The&nbsp;objectives of this study were to determine the most sensitive growing stage to drought stress and&nbsp;to estimate yield reaction coefficient during water shortage perio More
        Conservation of good quality water is an important challenge in arid and semi-arid regions. The&nbsp;objectives of this study were to determine the most sensitive growing stage to drought stress and&nbsp;to estimate yield reaction coefficient during water shortage period and water use efficiency. An&nbsp;experiment with complete randomized block scheme by 3 repetitions and 7 water treatment was&nbsp;established for JK cultivar of soybean in spring cultivation. Water deficit treatments in different&nbsp;growing stages were consisted of irrigation in full growing period (Control Treatment), irrigation&nbsp;with moisture stress in vegetative stage, irrigation with water stress in flowering stage, irrigation&nbsp;with moisture stress in grain filling stage, irrigation with moisture stress in vegetative stage and&nbsp;flowering stage, irrigation with moisture stress in vegetative stage and grain filling stage,&nbsp;irrigation with moisture stress in flowering stage and grain filling stage. The obtained results&nbsp;indicated that flowering stage is the most sensitive stage for soybean growing period in&nbsp;Mazandaran Province. In irrigation with water stress in vegetative stage, water consumption was&nbsp;reduced 28 percent, while 4 percent reduction of yield was observed. Irrigation with moisture&nbsp;stress in vegetative stage also had Maximum water use efficiency. Manuscript profile
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        205 - The effect of irrigation regime and manure on water use efficiency and yield of potato in Jiroft
        Atefeh Afshar Ali Neshat GholamReza Afsharmanesh
        Considering the limited resources of water and dominant draughts, deficit irrigation is an important&nbsp;strategy to obtain the product in water shortage conditions. Deficit irrigation aims to produce more&nbsp;products from less water. Therefore, an experiment was con More
        Considering the limited resources of water and dominant draughts, deficit irrigation is an important&nbsp;strategy to obtain the product in water shortage conditions. Deficit irrigation aims to produce more&nbsp;products from less water. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the impact&nbsp;of deficit water and poultries manure on the performance, performance components, and water use&nbsp;efficiency of potato in Jiroft. The experiment was conducted in strip-plot form in the complete&nbsp;random blocks design with three replications. Three water levels as a main factor including 100, 75&nbsp;and 50 percent of plant water requirement and four manure levels as secondary factor including 0,&nbsp;5, 10 and 15 Ton ha-1 were considered. The results indicated that different levels of irrigation and&nbsp;poultries manure on both water use efficiency and potato yield were (1%). Also, the impact of&nbsp;different levels of irrigation and the poultries manure on the weight of potato tuber is significant.&nbsp;Moreover, the interaction of the irrigation regime and poultries manure on water use efficiency and&nbsp;potato yield was not significant. Furthermore, the effect of different levels of irrigation and&nbsp;poultries manure alone on the plant height was not significant, but their interaction was significant.&nbsp;Though the effect of different irrigation levels on the percentage of dried material of tuber was not&nbsp;significant, the impact of different levels of poultries manure, and the interaction of irrigation&nbsp;regime and poultry manure on tuber dry matter was significant. Manuscript profile
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        206 - Evaluating reduced tillage methods on energy productivity and rainfed wheat yield
        Zein-al-Abedin Shamabadi
        The so-called reduced tillage is one the most important management practices for soil and water&nbsp;conservation. In order to study the effect of reduced tillage on energy productivity and wheat yield in&nbsp;Kalpoush region of Shahrood, a randomized complete blocks de More
        The so-called reduced tillage is one the most important management practices for soil and water&nbsp;conservation. In order to study the effect of reduced tillage on energy productivity and wheat yield in&nbsp;Kalpoush region of Shahrood, a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) experiment with&nbsp;sunflower-wheat rotation was conducted having five treatments and four replicates. The treatments&nbsp;were consisted of chisel plowing at spring + disking (T1), moldboard plowing +disking (T2), reduced&nbsp;tillage with disk harrow (T3), disk plowing + disking (T4) and chisel plowing at autumn +disking (T5).&nbsp;Sunflower was planted at May 2008 and 2011. After harvesting at October 2008 and 2011, all plots&nbsp;were disked. Wheat was planted at November 2008 and 2011 and harvested at July 2009 and 2012. The&nbsp;results showed that there was no significant difference among the treatments (P&lt;5%). In 2009 the&nbsp;maximum (1708 kg/ha) and minimum (1412 kg/ha) crop yield were belonged to T5 and T3 treatments,&nbsp;respectively. In 2011, the maximum (1638 kg/ha) and minimum (1388 kg/ha) yield was obtained from&nbsp;T5 and T2 treatments, respectively. Further data analysis showed that soil water content and wheat&nbsp;yield differences are not significant among the treatments (P&lt;5%). The maximum and minimum soil&nbsp;moisture and wheat yield related to chisel and moldboard ploughs, respectively. Maximum and&nbsp;minimum energy productivity was related to disk harrow and moldboard ploughs, respectively. Chisel&nbsp;plugging increased the wheat yield. Soil inversion index difference was significant among the&nbsp;treatments (P&lt;1%). Maximum and minimum soil inversion index related to moldboard and chisel&nbsp;ploughs, respectively. Considering disk harrow advantages and results of this experiment, for wheat&nbsp;production it may be recommended that plowing can be replaced by disk harrow, disk harrowing for&nbsp;seedbed preparation is sufficient, and plowing isn&rsquo;t required. Manuscript profile
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        207 - Optimization of water use efficiency and yield in potato using marginal analysis theory
        Parviz fathi Mohammad soltani
        Water scarcity is a widespread problem in arid and semi arid regions. In this condition, evaluating crop response&nbsp;to water stress and estimation of ET production function (ETPF) is essential. The objective of this study was to&nbsp;investigate the dynamic interrela More
        Water scarcity is a widespread problem in arid and semi arid regions. In this condition, evaluating crop response&nbsp;to water stress and estimation of ET production function (ETPF) is essential. The objective of this study was to&nbsp;investigate the dynamic interrelations of yield, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of potato (Solanum&nbsp;Tuberosom L.) under trickle irrigation condition. This study was conducted in Dehgolan region of Kurdistan&nbsp;province in spring season of 1388. The experiment was arranged based on completely randomized block with 3&nbsp;replication of water supply (60%, 80%, 100%, 120% of crop water requierment). In this study,&nbsp;evapotranspiration values and total yield of treatments were measured. To reveal the interrelations of yield,&nbsp;evapotranspiration and water use efficiency, two types of water production function including: Linear and&nbsp;Quadratic were used. The results showed that when the ETPF is linear, the EI will be numerically equal to the&nbsp;yield response factor (Ky), when ET reaches maximum ET (ETm). When ETPF was quadratic, the ET needed to&nbsp;maximize WUE is less than the ET for maximum yield (Ym). The results were also revealed that maximum yield&nbsp;was achieved at 345 mm of evapotranspiration and maximum water use efficiency (26.6 kg/m3) was achieved at&nbsp;222 mm of evapotranspiration where 55.4 percent was less than the maximum evapotranspiration (ETm).&nbsp;However, the maximum yield was only 27.7 percent more than the yield in maximum water use efficiency. The&nbsp;interrelation of Y, ET and WUE are demonstrated that if water supply is limiting, seeking maximum water use&nbsp;efficiency may be desirable. Manuscript profile
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        208 - A Survey of Tisdall's View on the Relation between the Concept of Mīzān in Quran and the Religion of Ancient Egypt
        Mohammad sadegh Heidari َA Rabinattaj حبیب الله Halimi
        William St. Clair Tisdall, a British&nbsp;linguist and historian, believes that the concept of mīzān, "otherworldly measure", in Quran was adopted from an apocryphal book, Testament of Abraham, written in Egypt about four hundred years before the migration of the Prophe More
        William St. Clair Tisdall, a British&nbsp;linguist and historian, believes that the concept of mīzān, "otherworldly measure", in Quran was adopted from an apocryphal book, Testament of Abraham, written in Egypt about four hundred years before the migration of the Prophet and the Prophet probably heard it from his Coptic wife, Mary. According to Tisdall the origin of this concept can be trace back to ancient Egyptian mythology and the book of the dead. By employing the descriptive-analytical method, this article tries to challenge the viewpoint of Tisdall. Studies show that both written and oral versions of these two books were not available at the time of the Prophet. Moreover, the Surahs in which mīzān is used are all Maki, therefore the idea of oral transmission of the concept through Coptic Marie is completely improbable and it shows the lack of Tisdall's proficiency in the history of Islam. Manuscript profile
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        209 - Creation of Man in Egyptian and Mesopotamian Mythology
        Javad Firouzi Somayyeh Haqiqat
        As sacred narratives, myths have reflected human worldview since theancient times. One of the main preoccupations of human being washow and why men have been created. Egyptian and Mesopotamianmythology, which approximately are contemporaneous, have animportant role in d More
        As sacred narratives, myths have reflected human worldview since theancient times. One of the main preoccupations of human being washow and why men have been created. Egyptian and Mesopotamianmythology, which approximately are contemporaneous, have animportant role in development of the myths of man&rsquo;s creation. We canfind a good deal of such accounts in inscriptions of Pyramids andcoffins in Egypt and on clay tablets and other artistic relics inMesopotamia. By surveying these accounts we are going to find theirsimilarities and differences. Manuscript profile
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        210 - The effect of Suaeda aegyptiaca extract on yogurt initiator and its antioxidant and organoleptic properties
        Sahar Zolghadr Shabnam Haghighat Khajavi
        10.30495/jftn.2022.65637.11180
        Introduction: Due to the changes in people's tastes, the producers try to produce newproducts with high nutritional value. Today, using vegetables for flavoring yogurt has becomevery popular among consumers.Materials and Methods: In this study, prepared Suaeda aegyptiac More
        Introduction: Due to the changes in people's tastes, the producers try to produce newproducts with high nutritional value. Today, using vegetables for flavoring yogurt has becomevery popular among consumers.Materials and Methods: In this study, prepared Suaeda aegyptiaca extract was used at theconcentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 2, and 2.5% (w / w) in the formulation of low-fat yogurt. Theantioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the extracts were evaluated, followed byinvestigating the that physical-chemical, microbial, and organoleptic properties of thetreatment during 28 days at 4 &deg; C.Results: The result showed that increasing the concentration of the extract was notaccompanied by a significant change in the account of starter cultures and also the content ofstarter culture increased during storage. Moreover, Staphylococcus aureus was significantlyinhibited while Ecoli and Aspergillus niger were inhibited after 14 and 21 days of storage.Furthermore, by increasing the amount of extract, DPPH assay and phenolic compounds werecompound significantly increased and the storage time significantly affected the free radicalscavenging and TPC capacity of the yogurt. During storage, pH decreased while acidity andsyneresis increased and water holding capacity, and viscosity decreased. Color measurementshowed a significant difference in color between different kinds of yogurts. Supplementationwith plant extracts, L*and a* values decreased while b*values increased.Conclusion: In the case of sensory characteristics of yogurt, samples that have 0.05,0.1 % ofextracts were not significantly different in overall acceptability from plain yogurt. Manuscript profile
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        211 - Plant Equivalent of Optimum Food Basket for Iran Society
        Maryam Akbarpoor Abdolmajid Mahdavi Damghani Hadi Veisi mohammadreza nazari
        10.30495/jftn.2023.71614.11238
        &nbsp;Introduction: One of the indicators for determining the health of a society is the quantity and quality of consumed food by the people, that is defined in terms of the optimum food basket. In order to analyse the food system of a region, the food production should More
        &nbsp;Introduction: One of the indicators for determining the health of a society is the quantity and quality of consumed food by the people, that is defined in terms of the optimum food basket. In order to analyse the food system of a region, the food production should be compared with the optimum food basket. Therefore a unit that can be used both in measuring food needs and food production is necessary, therefore the food basket was converted to its plant equivalent.Materials and Methods: The food basket that is equated in this research is the food basket approved by the Ministry of Health. Each of the components of the food basket is converted into its plant equivalent using mathematical calculations.Results: The food basket, which is categorized into four groups including 1) energy suppliers 2) poultry 3) livestock and 4) fruits, vegetables and legumes has been equated and the plant equivalent of the optimum food basket for Iranian people was measured: 370 grams of vegetables, 280 grams of fruits, 26 grams of&nbsp; legumes, 135 grams of rice hull, 58 grams of rapeseed grain, 60 grams of soybean grain, 5 grams of sunflower grain, &nbsp;30 grams of rapeseed meal, 815 grams of wheat grain, 94 grams of wheat straw, 77 grams of wheat bran, 147 grams of barley grain, 62 grams of barley straw, 147 grams of sugar beet root, 233 grams of sugar cane shoot, 30 grams of sugar beet pulp, 4.3 grams of sugar beet molasses, 243 grams of fodder corn, 806 grams of alfalfa and other forage crops, 258 grams of corn grain, 51 grams of soybean meal, 37 grams of ready concentrate and 36 grams of other materials.Conclusion: This is the first report about the plant equivalent of the optimum food basket in Iran. The results can be used in food and nutrition macro policies (production, exports, imports, subsidies and pricing). Manuscript profile
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        212 - Optimization of Hot Air Roasting of Peanut Kernels Using Response Surface Methodology
        H. Bagheri M. Kashainejad M. Aalami A. M. Ziaiifar
        Introduction: Roasting is a high temperature short time (HTST) heat treatment process and enhances the flavor of product and improves the textural and organoleptic properties of the nuts. Materials and Methods: In this study, a hot-air roasting process for the productio More
        Introduction: Roasting is a high temperature short time (HTST) heat treatment process and enhances the flavor of product and improves the textural and organoleptic properties of the nuts. Materials and Methods: In this study, a hot-air roasting process for the production of peanut snack was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) over a range of air temperatures (140&ndash;180&deg;C) for various times (10-30 min). The color parameters including lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*) and total color differences (&Delta;E), textural characteristics (hardness and compressive energy), sensory properties, moisture content of the peanuts and energy consumption were used as response parameters to develop predictive models and optimize the roasting process.Results: The results showed that by increasing the by temperature and time of roasting, the L*, b*, moisture content, hardness and compressive energy were decreased and &Delta;E* and energy consumption were increased. The result of RSM analysis showed that quality parameters could be used to control the roasting of peanut kernels in a hot-air roaster. In order to obtain the desired quality parameter, the optimum roasting for production of peanut snack was determined at 162&deg;C for 29 min. Conclusion: This study revealed that RSM could be used to develop adequate prediction models for describing color and texture changes in peanut kernels during hot-air roasting. The changes in the quality parameters were adequately described by quadratic model. Successful optimization for the peanut kernels roasting process can also be made using desirability functions in RSM. Manuscript profile
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        213 - The Effect of Blackberry Extract on the Total Antioxidant Capacity and Lipid Peroxidation after Acute Resistance Exercise in Obese Men
        Sirvan Atashak Abdollah Niloofari Kamal Azizbaygi
        Introduction: Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, that is associated with increased oxidative stress statues. Moreover, despite of many studies that indicated regular exercise training is associated with numerous hea More
        Introduction: Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, that is associated with increased oxidative stress statues. Moreover, despite of many studies that indicated regular exercise training is associated with numerous health benefits, it has been shown that acute exercise might give rise to increased oxidative stress. Therefore, natural supplementation might attenuate oxidative stress in exercise. The present study is conducted to assess the effect of blackberry extract on the total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation after acute resistance exercise in obese men.Materials and Methods: In a randomized double-blind design, twenty obese men (BMIS 30) were assigned into one of two placebo (n = 10) and supplement (n = 10) groups. Supplement group received 100 mg blackberry daily for seven days while other group consumed placebo.All subjects underwent resistance exercise that included nine exercises with 60% 1-RM. Venous blood samples to determine plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) as an index to lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity were obtained one week prior to the exercise, immediately before the exercise and 24 hours after the exercise.Results: The results indicated that MDA concentration significantly increased after resistance exercise in placebo group as compared to the supplement group (P&lt;0.05). Moreover, the mean of total antioxidant capacity remained unchanged in both groups in immediately preexercise and 24 h post exercise (P&gt;0.005).Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that acute resistance exercise give rise to increased MDA concentration in obese men. The application of blackberry extract employed as an antioxidant supplement might ameliorate this marker and prevent the oxidative stress damage. Manuscript profile
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        214 - Investigation of Black Mulberry Drying Kinetics and Energy Consumption under Microwave Oven
        M. Zojaji A. F. Mazaheri S. Namayande M. Abolhasani
        Introduction: Black mulberry is a soft fruit that is quite sensitive to the mechanical damage during the harvesting and therefore susceptible to the microbial contamination and cannot be properly stored due to the short harvest season and low shelf life. Drying methods More
        Introduction: Black mulberry is a soft fruit that is quite sensitive to the mechanical damage during the harvesting and therefore susceptible to the microbial contamination and cannot be properly stored due to the short harvest season and low shelf life. Drying methods are used to increase it&rsquo;s shelf life. Drying is the oldest method of food preservation. Drying preserves foods by removing enough moisture from the food and reduces the microbiological activities and minimizes the physical and chemical changes during storage. In this research, drying kinetics, moisture diffusivity, appropriate mathematical modeling and activation energy of black mulberry were studied under microwave oven. Materials and Methods: Dring of black mulberry using microwave oven was performed at four power levels (200, 300, 400 and 500 W) and the results were compared. Samples weighing was performed every 30 seconds by a digital scale (GF600-Japan). For mathematical modeling, nine empirical models were fitted on the experimental data and then according to the most value of R2, the lowest value of c2and RMSE, the best mathematical model was selected with the highest accuracy. Results: The result of regression analysis showed that Midilli model has the best fitting with the data. Moreover, the highest value of moisture diffusivity was obtained at 3.28&times;10-5 m2/s at the power of 500 W and the lowest value of moisture diffusivity was obtained at 9.58&times;10-6 m2/s at the power of 200 W. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that microwave drying method might be suitable for the reduction of moisture content in fruits such blackberry. Manuscript profile
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        215 - The Effect of Nanostructured Silica Aerogel on Water Use Efficiency of Corn under Deficit Irrigation Conditions
        Hamideh Asvadi Fayaz Aghayari Leyla Samiee
        10.22034/jest.2018.17340.2602
        Introduction : To study the effect of nanostructured silica aerogel as a soil moisture absorbent on yield and water use efficiency of corn and comparison with superabsorbent, a field experiment was carried out in factorial split plot arrangement using randomized complet More
        Introduction : To study the effect of nanostructured silica aerogel as a soil moisture absorbent on yield and water use efficiency of corn and comparison with superabsorbent, a field experiment was carried out in factorial split plot arrangement using randomized complete block design with four replications at Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran, in 2013-2014 growing year. Material and Methods: Deficit irrigation with three levels including irrigation with 100, 75 and 50 percent crop water requirement that were located in the main plots and moisture absorbent materials with three levels including non-use absorbent material, used of superabsorbent (30 kg/ha) and used of silica aerogel (5 kg/ha) that were located in the sub plots.Results: The results showed that the highest grain yield (12684 kg/ha) was achieved in condition of irrigation with 100% crop water requirement and used of silica aerogel. The sue of superabsorbent and silica aerogel increased grain yield. While in condition of irrigation with 100% crop water requirement silica aerogel consumption as compared to superabsorbent to increase grain yield was a significant advantage, but in condition of irrigation with 75 and 50% crop water requirement silica aerogel and superabsorbent were in a statistical group. The use of superabsorbent and silica aerogel increased water use efficiency for grain yield (116.2 and 154.1 percent, respectively) and water use efficiency for biologic yield (38.4 and 85.9 percent, respectively) as compared with non-use.Conclusion: Therefore, application of nanostructured silica aerogel is recommended for increasing of yield and water use efficiency of corn. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        216 - Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Diesel-Biodiesel Blends on Brake Torque Characteristics and Specific Fuel Consumption in Diesel Engines
        soodeh shaghaghi Mohammad Ghahderijani Mohammad hadi Dehrouyeh
        10.30495/jest.2024.48956.4894
        Background and Objective: The number of diesel engines is increasing every year due to high yield and fuel economy and low greenhouse gas emission. Especially biodiesel and ethanol have been considered as major alternative fuels as they are derived from renewable source More
        Background and Objective: The number of diesel engines is increasing every year due to high yield and fuel economy and low greenhouse gas emission. Especially biodiesel and ethanol have been considered as major alternative fuels as they are derived from renewable sources. These fuels are well oxygenated and therefore have a great potential to reduce emissions. Material and Methodology: The effect of engine load and speed and different percentages of diesel-biodiesel fuel blends on the performance characteristics of a diesel engine was investigated. Experiments were designed by response surface method (RSM), and optimal levels for independent variables were obtained to minimize or maximize response levels. Findings: According to the results, brake torque increased with increasing biodiesel level in fuel blends. Among independent variables, engine load and speed had the greatest impact on engine torque. The maximum torque was obtained for the fuel blend D36B64. Specific fuel consumption increased with increasing biodiesel level in fuel blends in comparison with the diesel fuel. The least specific fuel consumption was obtained for pure diesel fuel. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, the highest torque was 315.55 Nm for fuel (D36.12B63.88) and the lowest torque was 44 Nm for pure diesel fuel (D100B0). According to fuel consumption results, the lowest fuel consumption occurs at 2323 rpm and for pure diesel fuel (D100B0). Also, the highest specific fuel consumption occurs at 67% engine load and 2800 revolutions per minute for pure biodiesel fuel (D0B100) at 304 g / kW. The results of multi-objective optimization indicated that the highest performance characteristics occurred at full load (100%) and engine speed of 1984 rpm for the fuel blend D22B78 (with a desirability of 91%). Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        217 - Optimization Specific Fuel Consumption of Diesel, Biodiesel and Bioethanol Fuel Blends by Response Surface Methodology
        Golmohammad Khoobbakht Mohammad ghahderijani
        10.22034/jest.2018.19700.2855
        &nbsp; Background and Objective: Recently much attention has been paid to the development of alternative fuels in order to meet the emission standards and to reduce the dependency on fossil fuel. Especially biodiesel and ethanol have been considered as major alternativ More
        &nbsp; Background and Objective: Recently much attention has been paid to the development of alternative fuels in order to meet the emission standards and to reduce the dependency on fossil fuel. Especially biodiesel and ethanol have been considered as major alternative fuels as they are derived from renewable sources. These fuels are well oxygenated and therefore have a great potential to reduce emissions. Method: This study is aimed at investigating the effect of operating factors of engine load and speed as well as blended levels of biodiesel and ethanol in diesel fuel on the specific fuel consumption of a DI diesel engine OM 314. The experiments were designed using a statistical tool known as response surface methodology (RSM). Findings: The results depicted that specific fuel consumption increased with increasing percentage of bioethanol and biodiesel and the minimum of the specific fuel consumption (156 g/kWh) was accured at full load and engine rotational speed of 2453 rpm for pure diesel (B0E0D100) Discussion and Conclusion: the maximum of specific fuel consumption was obtained with amount of 413 g/kWh at 20% engine load and rotational speed of 2800 rpm and for a fuel blend containing 0.4 l biodiesel, 0.4 l ethanol and 1l diesel (B22E22D56). Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        218 - Study of the Relation among Economic Growth, Energy Using and Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Case study: Selected Countries of the OIC)
        Mohammadreza Nahidi Amirkhiz Farzad Rahimzadeh siamak shokouhifard
        10.22034/jest.2018.24919.3396
        Background and Objective: Energy carriers are one of the most important factors in production and accessing to energy resources can smooth countries economic growth and development process. Also, countries inclination in order to achieving higher economic growth has acc More
        Background and Objective: Energy carriers are one of the most important factors in production and accessing to energy resources can smooth countries economic growth and development process. Also, countries inclination in order to achieving higher economic growth has accompanied with higher using of energy carriers and has led to emission of Greenhouse gas. This leads to create environmental problems threatening human life. Therefore, studying the relation among economic growth, energy using and Greenhouse gas emissions is of particular importance. Method: Accordingly, the aim of this study is to analysis the interaction among economic growth, energy using and CO2 gas using data from 16 selected countries of the OIC. Findings: The results from estimated model with data panel technique showed that in significant level of 5%, existence the Kuznets inverted U hypothesis is valid in the under-studied countries. Since, the coefficient related to GDP growth variable and its square has positive and negative sign, respectively. Furthermore, the results showed that energy using has statistically positive impact on CO2 gas emission in time period 1995-2015. Discussion and Conclusion: Given the existence of a one-way causality relationship between GDP growth and CO2 emissions, the economic growth in the studied countries has led to an increase in CO2 emissions and as well as the U reverse relation of economic growth and CO2 emissions, so that in the studied countries, by increasing the growth rate, the amount of carbon dioxide emissions will increase as well. After a certain growth rate and passing through it, with higher economic growth CO2 emissions have also declined in these countries, It is recommended that, in view of the high importance of the environment, the environmental authorities and environmental organizations have adopted appropriate environmental laws and regulations, and technologies have progressed towards eco-friendly technologies and cost financing related to changing technology to environmentally friendly technology, as well as paying taxes which taxes to improve the environment. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        219 - The Relationship between Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Iran
        MohammadSharif Karimi Kiomars Sohaili Shima Barzegari
        10.22034/jest.2019.29592.3818
        Background and Objective: Iran is one of the examples of growth patterns relying on natural resources, especially fossil fuels. Considering the end of the oil and gas resources of the country, from now on, there should be alternative sources of thought. One way of doing More
        Background and Objective: Iran is one of the examples of growth patterns relying on natural resources, especially fossil fuels. Considering the end of the oil and gas resources of the country, from now on, there should be alternative sources of thought. One way of doing this is to using renewable energies instead of fossil fuels. From the point of view of energy economy, it is logical to create diversification in energy sources and utilize a basket of different fuels. Also, production-related pollution is expected to decrease as well by increasing the use of renewable energy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in Iran using ARDL bounds and VECM. Method: In this study, using the Eviews 9 software and the ARDL Bounds econometric method and the VECM model, a case study of Iran in the years 1981 to 2014 has been conducted. Findings: The results show that there is no causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in the long run, and there is only one-way relationship between labor force and economic growth. But in the short run, there is a one-way relationship between economic growth and renewable energy use, as well as a one-way relationship between labor force and economic growth, renewable energy consumption and capital. Investigating the short-run dynamics of the pattern using instantaneous response functions showed that the shock eventually vanishes and often affects the response variable positively. Therefore, in the long run, shocks from independent variables, such as renewable energy consumption per capita, will be balanced against economic growth. Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the positive and statistically significant effects of renewable energy, capital and labor force variables on economic growth in Iran, it is suggested that by saving energy consumption, improving production technologies, reducing costs, the use of new energies, the promotion of appropriate and efficient policies and the creation of supportive laws will increase the use of renewable energy, which has a major role in the economy and the environment. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        220 - The Effect of Electricity Consumption Shocks on Environmental pollution and Economic Growth in Iran and Selected Countries MENA: A Comparative Comparison with the PVAR Approach
        mohammad hasan ghazvinian kambiz hojabr kiani ali dehghani fatemeh zandi khalil saeedi
        10.30495/jest.2022.43474.4621
        Background and Objective: Production, including industrial and agricultural production, is not possible without the existence of economic infrastructure. Electricity plays an important role in the industrial development of countries due to changes in the industries and More
        Background and Objective: Production, including industrial and agricultural production, is not possible without the existence of economic infrastructure. Electricity plays an important role in the industrial development of countries due to changes in the industries and the conversion of mechanical to electrical power, the emergence of electric motors and the development of machine tools. Purpose of this article, comparative comparison of the effects of electricity consumption shocks on Environmental pollution and economic growth in IRAN and selected MENA countries.Material and Methodology: The article is descriptive, analytical and inferential, to achieve this goal, the method has been used the PVAR approach during the period 2016-1992 as well as the country of Iran during the period 2016-1985 using the VAR method has been studied.Findings: Findings: Electricity consumption, direct foreign investment, labor force and capital inventory have a direct and significant relationship with economic growth, but environmental pollution has a negative and significant relationship with Iran's economic growth.&nbsp;Discussion and Conclusion: the results indicate that the shock of increasing electricity consumption in selected MENA countries after an insignificant decrease in GDP per capita will increase proportionally in subsequent periods but in Iran, it grows very smoothly. The effect of this shock on carbon dioxide emissions in the countries concerned has been relatively mildly reduced, but in Iran, carbon dioxide emissions have been at a higher level than before. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        221 - Performance Analysis of the Form and Height of Central Skylight of Commercial Buildings in Cold and Dry Climate of Mashhad City
        Samaneh Zeinolabedinzadeh Hossein medi Mustafa Mafi
        10.30495/jest.2020.47878.4844
        Background and Objective: In recent decades, atriums have been installed in public buildings to optimize energy consumption and provide thermal comfort, and therefore have always been of interest to mechanical engineers, architects and designers. Atrium also created dif More
        Background and Objective: In recent decades, atriums have been installed in public buildings to optimize energy consumption and provide thermal comfort, and therefore have always been of interest to mechanical engineers, architects and designers. Atrium also created different microclimates with different thermal layers in its lower space, which affected the cooling load and thermal comfort inside the building.Therefore,the purpose of this research, is to find the most suitable form and height of atrium for reducing energy consumption and heat stratification in commercial buildings of Mashhad city with cold and dry climate.Method: This research has used fluent software and Mathematical equations. Initially, Almase Shargh commercial building in Mashhad with central atrium in a spherical form of 5 m height was selected and after field measurements and data recording by dataloggers, the common atrium forms (spherical, prismatic, parabolic and flat at 3 m, 5 m, 7 m and 10 m) were replaced and in order to measure the heat stratification, the Mathematical formulas was used.Findings: According to field observations and data measurements, the fifth floor and attic of the indoor skylight due to the influence of sunlight and lack of air conditioning, are critical areas of heat stratification and are out of range of thermal comfort throughout the year. Therefore, the amount of energy consumption during the year to provide thermal comfort in these floors is high, which can be reduced by reducing the levels of light-absorbing interior walls and using materials with high thermal capacity.Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that the flat form with a height of 3 meters, due to the reduction of light levels in the interior wall and the temperature difference between the floors is the most appropriate form of atrium for reducing energy consumption and cooling load up to 7% and reducing heat stratification in commercial complex in cold and dry climate of Mashhad city.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        222 - Effect of Vernacular Materials and Traditional Construction Methods on Energy Consumption Reduction of Rural Houses in Plain Regions of Gilan
        Sara Zohari Mansooreh Tahbaz Iraj Etessam
        10.30495/jest.2020.19338.2820
        Background and Objective: Gilan province has a rich and precious vernacular architecture, which takes place in perfect harmony with nature and local climate. The aim of this study is recognition of solutions of vernacular architecture and applying them in new architectu More
        Background and Objective: Gilan province has a rich and precious vernacular architecture, which takes place in perfect harmony with nature and local climate. The aim of this study is recognition of solutions of vernacular architecture and applying them in new architecture to reduce energy consumption and thus reduce the adverse effects of built environment on the natural habitat.Method: In orderto study the amount of energy consumption in vernacular rural houses of plain areas of Gilan using local and new material and methods, three types of vernacular houses in plain areas of Gilan(East, West and Central) are chosen, and their energy consumption using traditional and new materials are analyzed with simulation method.Findings: Based on simulation results, the amount of energy consumption during a year in Rafiee, Amini and Mohtashamtalab house with local materials is 1176/842, 185/03, 164/02 kw/h less than the amount of energy consumption with new materials.Discussion and Conclusion: Simulation results show that the amount of energy consumption in rural houses with local materials is significantly less than energy consumption using new materials. It shows that performance of Shakili foundation, Zegaly wall and Klushy roof in terms of the amount of heat exchange with the environment is more favorable than new materials and techniques. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        223 - Impact of the Theory of Consumption Values on Green Purchasing Behavior with Emphasis on Mediator Role of Environmental Concern (Case study: Consumers of green products in Tehran)
        Mirza Hasan Hoseini Reza norouzi ajirloo
        10.22034/jest.2019.31549.3981
        Background and Objective: Concerns about environmental degradation have increased over the past decades. In response to these concerns, consumers are helping to protect the environment by purchasing and using green products. The purpose of this study was to investigate More
        Background and Objective: Concerns about environmental degradation have increased over the past decades. In response to these concerns, consumers are helping to protect the environment by purchasing and using green products. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thetheory of consumption values on green purchasing behavior, with emphasis on the role of mediator of environmental concern of consumers of green products under the supervision of the Organic Society of Iran in Tehran. Method: This research is an applied and methodological research of correlation type. The statistical population of this research is customers of stores under the supervision of the Organic Society of Iran located in Tehran. A total of 320 customers were selected as the sample. Data were collected using standard questionnaires and data analysis using structural equation modeling with Smart-PLS software. Findings: The results of the research show that environmental concern of consumers of green products mediates the impact of consumption theory on green purchasing behavior, and there is a positive and significant relationship between the theory of consumption valuesand environmental concerns of green consumers in Tehran. Discussion and Conclusion: In general, considering the environmental concerns of consumers, buying green products is influenced by the value of consumption. Consumers with high environmental concern support green products more, and show greater readiness to choose them. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        224 - Investigating the Effect of Environmental Awareness and Education on Improving the Pattern of Energy Consumption on Household Sector and its Relationship with the Age and Sex of Citizens (Case Study: District 6 of Tehran Municipality)
        mahsa nasrollahzadeh Maryam Farahani
        10.22034/jest.2021.39215.4440
        Background and Objective: Environmental education on energy resources is one of the best methods to improve the quality of the urban environment. Present study carried out to investigate the effect of environmental awareness and education on optimization of energy consu More
        Background and Objective: Environmental education on energy resources is one of the best methods to improve the quality of the urban environment. Present study carried out to investigate the effect of environmental awareness and education on optimization of energy consumption pattern on household sector and its relationship with age and gender of the citizens. Method: The present study was conducted in the fall of 2017. This study was the descriptive-survey method. The statistical population was the citizens of District 6 of Tehran Municipality. The sample size was calculated 390 people using Cochran's formula. The sampling method was randomized and data collection method was questionnaires. Research data processed using SPSS statistical software version 22, where analytical and descriptive statistics were analyzed. Findings: The average score of environmental knowledge of the citizens of Tehran Municipality No. 6 was 4.21 (out of 5). So, the studied samples have a moderate to high environmental attitude and behavior. There was no significant difference between environmental knowledge, attitudes and behavior of men and women in this region while the age variable showed a significant effect on the level of environmental knowledge, attitudes and behavior of citizens of Region 6. Discussion and Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between environmental knowledge and behavior and environmental attitudes and behavior. It is recommended to perform effective regional education methods for improving the attitude and environmental behavior of the residents of this region. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        225 - Investigating How the Selection Process of the World Sustainable Architecture Award Is Based on the Main Indicators of Sustainability
        maryam farhadian sina Razaghi asl Kaveh Shokoohi
        10.22034/jest.2018.23081.3219
        Background and Objective: The World Award for Sustainable Architecture is the largest award accepted by the international community in the field of sustainability in architecture, which is given annually to five prominent architects in this field and shows the best inte More
        Background and Objective: The World Award for Sustainable Architecture is the largest award accepted by the international community in the field of sustainability in architecture, which is given annually to five prominent architects in this field and shows the best intellectual ideas in this field. Since familiarity with international characteristics of sustainability in architecture and their evolution in architectural works can reveal the main orientations in the field of sustainable architecture, in the present study, in order to recognize this issue, three characteristics of sustainable architecture as the main goals of sustainable architecture in the largest donation process. World Awards have been reviewed and analyzed. Methods: In this paper, first, the presence and absence of all three acceptable characteristics of sustainable architecture in the award process from 2007 to 2016 have been investigated by the method of contextual analysis, and then the global approach to each of the three characteristics has been analyzed. Finally, by examining the regression diagram, the future orientation trend is approximately predicted. Results and Discussion: The results of all three characteristics in the selection of top awards in this field have shown a change in the direction towards the selection of projects with all three characteristics of sustainable architecture from 2011 to now, and also in the analysis of scatter regression diagram, on the one hand, the trend Increasing attention to life cycle and saving resources was identified in the selection of top projects, and on the other hand, the trend is Decreased attention to design was identified based on human needs. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        226 - Design for Disassembly and Shifting to Eco-Friendly Architecture
        Seyed Mehdi Amirkiaei Seyed Majid Mofidi Shemirani Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad Mohammadmehdi Raissamiei
        10.22034/jest.2020.29026.3764
        Background and Purpose: Construction and demolition waste management is one the controversial issues in building industry. The &ldquo;hidden water&rdquo; and the &ldquo;hidden energy&rdquo; of building material are from among the most important issues in designerly appr More
        Background and Purpose: Construction and demolition waste management is one the controversial issues in building industry. The &ldquo;hidden water&rdquo; and the &ldquo;hidden energy&rdquo; of building material are from among the most important issues in designerly approach to energy efficiency under the high-performance architecture theory. The aim of the research is to outline the concept of design for disassembly in order to minimize construction and demolition waste (C&amp;DW) and facilitate appropriate disposal.&nbsp; Materials and Methods: Descriptive-analytical method has been adopted in which description of the theoretical concepts has merged with an analytical approach to the expert opinions. Results: Studies have shown that the successful cases in the framework of design for disassembly were deliberately designed with dismantling prediction from the early stage of the design process. Integrated approach toward the life cycle is the key factor in eco-friendly design and construction which is based on recycling, creative reuse, repurposing and upcycling strategies as a part of &ldquo;green aesthetics&rdquo;. Discussion and Conclusions:The concept of design for disassembly rots from flexibility in architectural design process and is an influential procedure for C&amp;DW. The life cycle assessment (LCA) is a comprehensive methodology to address gains of the concept of design for disassembly. Moreover it has showed a meaningful relationship between design for disassembly and the environmental impacts which might be addressed as designerly approach to energy efficiency.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        227 - Investigation of the impact of experience and environmental knowledge on attitudes and behaviors of consumers’ conscious of the environment
        Mahdi Farmani Mohammad Ghaffari Mostafa Zandi Nasab
        10.22034/jest.2019.43240.4605
        Background and Objective: In today's competitive market, companies are surely able to make competitive advantage and benefit from it in the long run, paying more attention to environmental issues. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of e More
        Background and Objective: In today's competitive market, companies are surely able to make competitive advantage and benefit from it in the long run, paying more attention to environmental issues. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of environmental knowledge on attitudes and behaviors of consumers&rsquo; conscious of the environment. Method: This research, is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of research method. The statistical population of this research includes all customers of Pegah Company throughout the country in January 2019. To this end, 384 samples were selected using available sampling method. In order to confirm the validity of the questionnaire, content validity, construct validity and convergent validity were examined. To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS 22 and LISREL 8.8 software. Finding: All research hypotheses were approved and the coefficient of determination of attitudes toward the environment and behavior of consumers&rsquo; conscious of the environment is 0/51 and 0/35. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the research show that general environmental knowledge and Eco-friendly knowledge has a significant impact on attitudes toward the environment and environmental experience has a significant impact on attitudes and behaviors of conscious consumers toward environment. Also, attitudes toward environment has a significant impact on behavior of consumers&rsquo; conscious of the environment. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        228 - The Effect of Pumice on Irrigation Schedule and Nutritional Quality of Onion in two Types of Soil Texture under Deficit Irrigation
        elnaz sabbagh tazeh Nasrin Sadeghian
        10.22034/jest.2020.35860.4267
        Background and Objective: Due to scarcity of water in most regions of Iran, the use of superabsorbent polymers is known as a helpful approach in improving soil physical and chemical properties, soil fertility and water resources storage. The purpose of this study was to More
        Background and Objective: Due to scarcity of water in most regions of Iran, the use of superabsorbent polymers is known as a helpful approach in improving soil physical and chemical properties, soil fertility and water resources storage. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of pumice on water availability, chemical and nutritional properties in a course and fine textured soils under onion cultivation. Method: This research, was conducted in spring of 2017 in greenhouse as factorial in form of CRD design with three factors including soil texture (with two levels: sandy loam and clay loam), irrigation schedule (with two levels: every 4 and every 7 days) and pumice (with four levels: 0 (C1), 2.5 (C2), 5 (C3) and 7.5 (C4) percentage w/w) which were carried out in three replications. Findings: Results, showed that increasing pumice rate, could increase P, K, S, Fe, Mn and Zn concentration in onion. In most cases, there was no significant difference between 5 and 7.5 percentages of pumice rates. Positive effect of pumice in sandy loam soil was more than clay loam. In pumice treatments, there was no significant difference between two irrigation rates, for none of parameters except for Cu concentration in plant. Discussion and Conclusion: By Application of 5 percentage w/w pumice in soil, irrigation schedule of onion could be increased from 4 days to 7 days. Noting that the irrigation schedule is one of the most important factors in onion cultivation, pumice application, can cause a good economic efficiency in water use. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        229 - Investigating the Impact of Thermal comfort Indices on Energy Consumption in Residential Buildings in Ilam
        Behrouz Salehi Abdolhamid Ghanbaran Behnaz Shafieie Shahla Nouri Sima Ferdosian
        10.30495/jest.2020.40064.4476
        Background and objective: About 44% of energy consumption is in the building sector and attention to thermal comfort indices and passive solutions can reduce energy consumption in different areas. The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal comfort situation in More
        Background and objective: About 44% of energy consumption is in the building sector and attention to thermal comfort indices and passive solutions can reduce energy consumption in different areas. The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal comfort situation in Ilam city and providing construction solutions appropriate to the climate of this city.Material and Methodology: In this study, a descriptive and simulation method was used. In order to achieve the architecture-compatible architecture of the climate in the city of Ilam, a 28-year statistical analysis (1988-2016) of the city's synoptic station, the criteria presented in four thermal comfort indicators have been used. The Design Builder simulator was used to determine the quantitative effect of the solutions presented in Mahani and Gioni indices solutions by thermal comfort indicators.Based on Mahani and Gioni indices.Findings: By using of the solutions presented in the Mahani and Gioni Indicator's, the building can be in the comfort zone for eight months from the year of the day and five months from the year without any energy consumption. In addition, building orientation, the relative percentage of openings and the use of heavy materials in walls and ceilings have the greatest impact on reducing the energy consumption of buildings.Discussion and Conclusion: Energy savings plans that are possible in the early stages of design (building orientation, openings) will result in a 20% reduction in energy consumption, according to the Mahani and Gioni indicators. In addition, replacing heavy materials instead of materials in common building walls can reduce energy consumption by 39%. In general, utilizing the principles of climate design can reduce the amount of energy consumption by 52%.Considering to the criteria given in the Mahani and Gioni indicators for building orientation and openings can reduce the energy consumption of the building by 20%. Reduce Also, replacing heavy materials with conventional building materials can reduce energy consumption by 39 percent. Overall, using climate design principles can reduce energy consumption by 52%. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        230 - Evaluating the effects of energy and economic growth on Carbon dioxide emission (using spatial panel data)
        hedayat hossinzadeh mehdi moradi
        10.30495/jest.2019.40523.4494
        Background and Objective: Energy is one of the most important inputs in production. Energy usage and energy diffusion of fossil fuels in process of production cause greenhouse gases (CO2) emission and destruction of environment. According to the importance of issues lik More
        Background and Objective: Energy is one of the most important inputs in production. Energy usage and energy diffusion of fossil fuels in process of production cause greenhouse gases (CO2) emission and destruction of environment. According to the importance of issues like energy usage and economic growth, this paper, concerning the effects of proximity, evaluates the effects of energy usage and economic growth on emission of Carbon dioxide (CO2) in MENA Zone countries during the period of 1994-2013. In every country, greenhouse gases (CO2) emission is the function of not only domestic factors but also economic activities of neighboring countries.&nbsp;Material and Methodology: In order to investigate the impact of energy consumption, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in the Middle East and North Africa, LM test was used to examine the spatial dependence between variables and then the research model was estimated using the spatial panel data approach.Findings: The results of the model estimation indicate that proximity effect is verified in the model studying on. Also, the results show that log variable of energy usage has positive and significant effect on CO2 emission. Log variable of income per capita affects CO2 emission positively and significantly, and square log variable of per capita income has negative and significant effect on dependent variable.Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the research results, the environmental hypothesis of Kuznets is accepted for the studied countries. Therefore, reducing energy consumption can be suggested as a way to reduce pollution. Taking into account the effect of technology, two strategies can be proposed: firstly, the improvement of the technology of using fossil energies to increase energy efficiency and reduce pollution, and secondly, the use of renewable energy carriers and clean fuels. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        231 - Investigating the factors affecting the consumption of green products among the citizens of Khorramabad with the technique (SEM (
        Hadith Pourjamshidi Hossein Mehdizadeh Zohreh Motamedinia
        10.22034/jest.2021.25997.3493
        The current study was carried out in the form of a survey aimed at identifying factors affecting the consumption of green products among Khoramabad citizens. The statistical population was the people of Khoramabad, out of which a sample of 386 individuals were randomly More
        The current study was carried out in the form of a survey aimed at identifying factors affecting the consumption of green products among Khoramabad citizens. The statistical population was the people of Khoramabad, out of which a sample of 386 individuals were randomly selected using multistage random cluster sampling. First, the city was divided into 8 blocks with respect to economics and culture, then a street was selected from each block, and finally all the street residents were studied. The data collection tool used in the study was a questionnaire designed by the researcher. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire&rsquo;s variables. We attempted to develop a reliable model using structural equation modeling to explore factors affecting the consumption of green products in Khoramabad city. The results of this survey indicated that &ldquo;price fitness&rdquo; and &ldquo;product quality&rdquo; directly (r =0.35), consumers social responsibility directly (r = 0.23) and indirectly (r = 0.06), consumers &ldquo;health orientation&rdquo; directly (r = 0.23), &ldquo;consumers&rsquo; environmental knowledge&rdquo; indirectly (r = 0.08), and &ldquo;product image&rdquo; indirectly (r = 0.05) are associated with the consumption of green products. The final model explains 37% of the variance of green consumption. It also became clear that the coefficient of &ldquo;health orientation&rdquo; and &ldquo;consumption of green products&rdquo; among individuals with a history of foreign traveling and use of the Internet was higher. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        232 - Influence of Salinity and Supplementary Calcium on Growth, Concentration of Some Nutrients and Quality of Tomato Fruit under Hydroponic Conditions
        abolfazl azadi abdolmajid ronaghi zahra ahmadi mojtaba sadri zahra asadi saber heidari
        10.22034/jest.2021.41024.4519
        Background and Objective: Soil salinity is one of the important stresses in agricultural production and plays an important role in reducing the growth of crops such as tomatoes. The proper concentration of calcium in salinity conditions is an important factor in control More
        Background and Objective: Soil salinity is one of the important stresses in agricultural production and plays an important role in reducing the growth of crops such as tomatoes. The proper concentration of calcium in salinity conditions is an important factor in controlling sodium and chlorine toxicity and increasing the yield of sensitive plants especially tomatoes. This research was carried out to study the effect of salinity and supplemental calcium on growth, concentration of some nutrients and fruit quality of tomato under hydroponic conditions. Method: For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted on the based on a completely randomized design with three replications in year 89-90 in the greenhouse of the Soil Science Department of Shiraz University.&nbsp; The treatments consisted of three levels of salinity (0, 10 and 20 mM) from sodium chloride and three levels of calcium (0, 5 and 10 mM) from calcium nitrate source. Findings: The results showed that the application of supplemental calcium in saline conditions to the nutrient solution reduced the negative effects of salinity and high sodium and chloride on tomato growth, although this supplemental calcium did not improve the growth and yield of the fruit, but could be considered as a competitive factor in the absorption of other cations by the plant. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that the sodium chloride had a negative effect on root and shoot dry weight, but this weight loss was significant only for the root (25.77% decrease compared to the control sample). Increasing salinity reduced the amount of nitrogen in the shoots. Changes in potassium were not significant in shoots, but in the root with increasing salinity and calcium, potassium absorption decreased. The lowest potassium uptake in the root was obtained from treatment with salinity of 20 mM and no supplemental calcium. Sodium chloride (salinity) treatment increased root and shoot sodium concentrations, and supplementation of calcium reduced the sodium concentration in them. The highest amount of magnesium absorption in shoots was in salinity treatment (20 mM) and without calcium, and the lowest magnesium adsorption was in non-saline treatments with 10 mM calcium. Salinity increased the concentration of manganese, zinc and copper in shoots and increased zinc in the root. Manuscript profile
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        233 - The Impact of Urbanization on the consumption renewable and non-renewable energies in selected Developing countries
        yazdan naghdi soheila kaghazian maryam lashkarizadeh
        10.30495/jest.2022.55388.5164
        Background and Objective: Given the rapid expansion of urban society and increasing energy consumption in developing countries, it is necessary to examine the relationship between urbanization and energy consumption. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relat More
        Background and Objective: Given the rapid expansion of urban society and increasing energy consumption in developing countries, it is necessary to examine the relationship between urbanization and energy consumption. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between urbanization and the consumption of renewable and non-renewable energy in selected developing countries. Material and Methodology: In this research, the effect of urbanization rate on renewable and non-renewable energy consumption will be investigated using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) method and using two models. This study was conducted for 44 countries for the period 1996-2018. Estimation of the models has been done with Stata software. The research model was adopted from the linear Salim model. Finding: According to the results of this study, every 10% increase in urbanization rate leads to a 1% increase in renewable energy consumption in developing countries. While every 10 percent increase in urbanization rates will increase the consumption of non-renewable energy in these countries by 4.2 percent. Therefore, in developing countries, the impact of urbanization rates on non-renewable energy consumption is greater than renewable energy. Discussion and Conclusion: The reason for more renewable energy consumption in developing countries is the greater dependence of heating and public and private transportation in developing countries on non-renewable energy, which must be changed gradually. This also indicates the low awareness and knowledge of the population about consumption patterns and also the low level of technology in these countries. Manuscript profile
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        234 - Investigating the effect of economic factors on environmental degradation using the 3SLS panel approach (Selection of Developing and Developed Countries)
        shima parsa mohammadreza zare mehrjerdi maryam ziaabadi hossein mehrabi boshrabadi
        10.30495/jest.2022.50983.4999
        Background and Objective: Following the increase in environmental pollution caused by economic growth, environmental challenges have become one of the most important concerns of policy makers. Because environmental pollution leads to adverse environmental effects such a More
        Background and Objective: Following the increase in environmental pollution caused by economic growth, environmental challenges have become one of the most important concerns of policy makers. Because environmental pollution leads to adverse environmental effects such as climate change and global warming, and ultimately threatens human life and ecosystem destruction. Therefore, studying the impact of factors affecting environmental degradation is of particular importance. Material and Methodology: This study intends to analyze the impact of economic factors affecting environmental degradation during the period 1995-1995, using time series data from 26 selected developing countries and 17 selected developed countries. Therefore, in order to investigate the existence of the Kuznets environmental curve in the studied countries, the coefficients of the variables in the three equations of ecological footprint, energy consumption and economic growth have been estimated by the system of equations simultaneously with panel data (panel 3sls). Because in this method, due to the simultaneous estimation of the equations, the estimated coefficients have a higher accuracy. Finding: The results of estimating the coefficients of the model using the three-stage least squares technique with panel data indicate that the existence of the Kuznets environmental hypothesis in developed countries cannot be confirmed because the coefficients of GDP and squares are negative and positive, respectively. But, in developing countries, the coefficients of GDP and squared variables have been positive and negative, respectively, which confirms the existence of the Kuznets environmental hypothesis in these countries. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, the variable of energy consumption in both developed and developing countries has a positive and significant effect on environmental degradation, while the variable of trade openness in developing and developed countries has a negative and significant effect on pollution and ecological footprint. Therefore, it is suggested that due to the high importance of the environment, along with planning and policy-making for higher economic growth, the enactment of environmental laws and the use of environmentally friendly technologies should be considered. Manuscript profile
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        235 - Increasing the efficiency of consuming cotton water using refined domestic sewage water under the conditions of applying different irrigation levels
        Ali Neshat Farzin Forouzesh
        10.30495/jest.2023.73132.5853
        Background and Objective: The water resources restriction introduces the water use efficiency in the agricultural section. In this study, an experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of More
        Background and Objective: The water resources restriction introduces the water use efficiency in the agricultural section. In this study, an experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of refined sewage on the performance and performance elements of cotton in the city of Kerman. &nbsp;Material and Methodology: The experiment treatments were considered as three percent water requirement of plant as main factors: I1 =100, I2=85, and I3 =70 and two water quality as secondary factors: Q1 = well water and Q2 = domestic refined sewage. &nbsp;Findings: The results showed that the 15 percent deficit-irrigation in comparison with the full water requirement when the domestic refined sewage is used in providing the full water requirement of the plant caused 14.8 percent increase in the water use efficiency and economizing 2405m3 water in conditions and the crop performance and morphologic characteristics remain constant relatively.Discussion and Conclusion: Accordingly, the refined sewage can face the water deficit problem of the country and increase the efficiency of irrigation. Also, the 15 percent deficit irrigation in comparison with the full providing of water requirement is recommended in the cotton planting in the Kerman province in order to economize the water use. Manuscript profile
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        236 - Appropriate water recycling systems for use in residential architecture in Iran
        saharossadat lohmoosavi hutan iravani mohammad kooshafar
        10.30495/jest.2023.67400.5682
        Background and Objective: In this research, we have interpreted and investigated gray water and provided information through a library. Considering the critical conditions of water resources, it is measured by studying and investigating all types of gray water treatment More
        Background and Objective: In this research, we have interpreted and investigated gray water and provided information through a library. Considering the critical conditions of water resources, it is measured by studying and investigating all types of gray water treatment systems with four variables: factors (economic, environmental, residential use and the amount of space used) with entropy and TOPSIS methods. Material and Methodology: The research method in this research is a survey type, the data was collected through a library and field with statistical analysis, the result was obtained that based on the priority of primary physical treatment with a number of 0.881, biological treatment with a number of 0.483, and simple treatment. With a score of 0.305, they have won the third rank. Findings: Three physical, chemical and biological methods have been investigated for the treatment of gray wastewater, of which 62 percent are related to domestic gray wastewater. In this research, gray wastewater treatment is investigated and finally, the best practical option is determined by comparative study and compatibility with residential architecture in Iran. Discussion and Conclusion: In this research, according to the research and collection of materials related to water treatment and examination of gray water treatment systems, the results were obtained using entropy and TOPSIS statistical analysis methods. Manuscript profile
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        237 - Reducing Building Energy Consumption by Roof Envelope Optimization (Case Study: Three Floor Residential Building, Shiraz, Iran)
        khosro movahed parinaz keshtkaran zahra Barzegar marvasti
        10.30495/jest.2022.59492.5326
        Background and Objective: Among the components of the building envelope, the roof section is the most important medium of energy loss, because, compared to vertical walls, a larger area of the rooftop is exposed to sunlight and atmospheric condition for a longer period, More
        Background and Objective: Among the components of the building envelope, the roof section is the most important medium of energy loss, because, compared to vertical walls, a larger area of the rooftop is exposed to sunlight and atmospheric condition for a longer period, which results in greater heat exchange through this section.&nbsp; The goal of this research is to reduce the energy consumption of residential buildings in the city of Shiraz (Fars, Iran) through the optimization of their roof sections by answering the bellow question: &ldquo;What is the most optimal arrangement of materials and passive roof design technique for reducing energy consumption in this climate and how much will it reduce energy consumption?&rdquo; Material and Methodology: The purpose of the research, which is to identify the best combination of roof specifications and passive design methods for minimizing energy consumption in the buildings of the area of interest, achieved with help of the EnergyPlus simulation and a genetic algorithm developed in MATLAB. Findings: The roof variables defined in three categories of the passive energy system, physical roof specifications, and positioning and the optimization carried out using the genetic algorithm and the EnergyPlus software. Discussion and Conclusion: The outputs obtained from the simulation software and the objective function of the genetic algorithm showed that the roof optimization materials&rsquo; arrangement could reduce the energy consumption of the building by 9.6%. &nbsp;and passive design techniques includes: green roof, insulation, double roof, reduce energy consumption by 9.1% , 13.4%, 12,6% respectively. Manuscript profile
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        238 - Comparison the effect of sulfur on yield and micro elements uptake in oilseed crops and forage plants The effect of sulfur on yield and nutrient uptake in oilseed crops and forage plants
        Reyhane Dehghan Ali Akbar Karimian Somaye Ghasemi Malihe Amini
        10.22034/jest.2019.40991.4515
        Background and Objective: Today, due to high prices and destructive effects of uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers on the environment and the quantity and quality of agricultural products, use of sulfur as a micro element and also acidifying agent in soil is too im More
        Background and Objective: Today, due to high prices and destructive effects of uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers on the environment and the quantity and quality of agricultural products, use of sulfur as a micro element and also acidifying agent in soil is too important and necessary. &nbsp;Material and Methodology: In order to evaluate and compare the effect of sulfur on yield and the ability to micro elements absorption with oilseed safflower, canola, corn and fodder plants sorghum and pigweed in a calcareous soil a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The experimental factors were contain sulfur fertilizer in two levels (without application and consumed 500 kilograms per hectare). &nbsp;Findings: Results showed that the use of sulfur caused a significant increase in wet and dry weight in all plant species and the maximum increase was observed in corn and sorghum species. The use of sulfur causes significant increase absorption of iron and zinc in roots and shoots of all species of plant.Discussion and Conclusion: Among the oilseeds, the effect of sulfur application on corn and canola was higher than safflower and the sorghum forage had better performance than the pigweed. Manuscript profile
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        239 - Explaining the sociological model of water consumption management in the central catchment area of Zanjan province
        hadi yasser mozaffaraddin shahbazi Meysam Mousaaei
        10.30495/jest.2023.67556.5686
        Background and Objective: In the current situation, the pattern of water consumption and its knowledge in different areas are not paid attention to, and the strong need to know the amount of consumption and the factors affecting it is quite noticeable. Currently, the ce More
        Background and Objective: In the current situation, the pattern of water consumption and its knowledge in different areas are not paid attention to, and the strong need to know the amount of consumption and the factors affecting it is quite noticeable. Currently, the central watershed of Zanjan province is facing a severe water crisis. And the purpose of this research is to determine the social factors affecting the management of water consumption and to draw its sociological model in the mentioned basin and to provide solutions to the water crisis in the region to the administrators and water managers. Material and Methodology: This research is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods using a multi-level model alignment plan, the quantitative part with the statistical population of 19125 agricultural operators and the selection of 377 operators as a sample through the Cochran formula using the survey method and the qualitative part using the method Delphi was launched in 1401.has been implemented In the qualitative section,30 experts have been purposefully selected from among the employees of the Agricultural Jahad Organization, the Regional Water Administration and the agricultural elites of Zanjan province. Findings: In this research,the quantitative and qualitative parts complement each other,the quantitative part shows that the variables of cultural capital,economic capital,social participation,social cohesion and social trust have a direct relationship with the variable of water consumption management.Among the issues raised by the society's elites in the three stages of the Delphi method are the existence of wrong habits,the lack of laws,the welfare of officials and the lack of attention to issues such as the integrity of the land and the lack of correct cultivation patterns in water consumption management. Discussion and Conclusion: By examining the variables studied in the quantitative section and the findings of the Delphi method, we came to the conclusion that the variables of social cohesion, social trust,social participation,cultural capital and economic capital explain 60% of the changes in the water consumption management variable, as well as the category of local leaders.approved laws,established rules,social motivation,commitment and expertise in human resources, technical issues and single governance are the categories resulting from the Delphi method that affect water consumption management.At the end of the research,the sociological model of water consumption management was drawn with the help of the results of both quantitative and qualitative parts. Manuscript profile
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        240 - Determining the Optimal Inclination Angle for Atrium Daylighting in Tehran Based on Sun Angles and Climatic Features
        Alireza Bagheri mohammadali khanmohammadi Haniyeh Sanaieian
        10.30495/jest.2022.63682.5529
        Background and Objective: Daylight has a positive effect on people's health, employee productivity and property value. However, with the growth of high-rise buildings in populated cities, access to natural light for the lower floors are challenging. Atrium is one of the More
        Background and Objective: Daylight has a positive effect on people's health, employee productivity and property value. However, with the growth of high-rise buildings in populated cities, access to natural light for the lower floors are challenging. Atrium is one of the strategies for bringing daylight to these floors. Atrium&rsquo;s daylight performance can be evaluated before construction thanks to computer simulations. Until now, daylight simulation has been limited to one cloudy sky condition. With the help of new methods of computer simulation of daylight, it is possible to study the effects of sun angles and sky conditions throughout the entire hours of a year. This development has made it possible to apply the direct sunlight component to the simulation and study its impacts of architectural features that are related to it. This study focuses on the effect of the angle of inclination of the inner walls of the atrium on the daylight performance of adjacent rooms.Material and Methodology: &nbsp;Different angles of the atrium in the north and south direction have been studied by the method of "Climate-based daylight modeling" for the city of Tehran. (sDA), (ASE) and (UDI) are daylight metrics which have been used in computer simulations.Findings: The inclination of the inner walls of the atrium at an angle of 20 degrees to the south improves all three criteria mentioned in the lower floors of it. However, the inclination of the atrium walls to the north, not only reduces the daylight in the lower parts, but also increases the glare in the upper floors.Discussion and Conclusion: Although the effect of inclination angle on daylight performance of atrium is not as prominent as other factors, the designer can maximize this effect in the early stages of design, with the correct arrangement and prioritization of spaces to benefit from daylight. Manuscript profile
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        241 - An Investigation on the Efficiency of SBR In Different Operation Conditions
        Afshin Takdastan Naser Mehrdadi Ali Torabian
        Many industrial &amp; semi industrial countries manage to use SBR in order to industrial &amp; municipal wastewater treatment. Simplicity, flexibility &amp; being economical of this technical biological treatment, lead it to its significance in utilizing for treating of More
        Many industrial &amp; semi industrial countries manage to use SBR in order to industrial &amp; municipal wastewater treatment. Simplicity, flexibility &amp; being economical of this technical biological treatment, lead it to its significance in utilizing for treating of industrial &amp; municipal wastewater. To study this procedure, two units of SBR reactors cylinder made of poly glass with 20 liter volume are used. For seeding the reactors, artificial wastewater with COD of 600 mg/l &amp; BOD of 600 mg/l is used. Reactors with different solid retention time (SRT) (5, 10, 15, 20 &amp; 25 days) are operated. After providing the steady state in the reactors, during 8 months research, sampling and testing parameters such as COD, BOD, MLSS, MLVSS, MLNVSS, pH, DO, SVI, SOUR &amp; F/M were done. The results show that SRT (5, 10, 15, 20 &amp; 25 days) for 10 days duration is the best results for COD removal efficiency without existence of any bulking, pin point flocks and also foaming &amp; dispersed growth difficulties. In this SRT duration, the amount of SVI has been up to 90 mg/l. This SRT system has been used in growth phase and the amount of F/M is 0.25. In the SRT less than 5 days, inorganic material removal &amp; sludge volume index efficiency (SVI=215 mg/l) due to voluminous foaming generation &amp; also fine coagulation generation resulted from lowness MLSS and dispersed growth occurrence respectively was low and it which shows that the system was operated in log growth phase &amp; the amount of F/M has been1.8. Also in the SRT more than 25 days filamentous bulking phenomenon was aggravated and system efficiency due to bad sludge settle ability (SVI=215 mg/l) was low &amp; because of over growth of filamentous bacteria, sludge can not be settled easily. With the increasing of SRT (more than 20 days), due to entrancing to declining phase and increase of inactive &amp; old bacteria, the rate of oxygen consumption &amp; SOUR reached to 7(mgo2/hr/grVSS), however in a low SRT (5 days), due to entrancing log growth phase &amp; increase of active &amp; young bacteria, the rate of oxygen consumption increased &amp; SOUR reached up to 22 (mgo2/hr/grVSS). Manuscript profile
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        242 - 2
        Faride Atabi Hossein Ghadamian Mohammad Khodadadi
        2
        2 Manuscript profile
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        243 - Technical and environmental evaluation of 24-hour heating and cooling storage system for1 year in non-residential buildings using underground pipes
        Isa Khaknezhad ashkan abdalisousan
        10.22034/jest.2019.14560
        Background and Objective: Considering the demands on constructing high energy performance buildings, technical solution is needed to be used for decreasing and improving the energy consumption. One of this solutions is underground energy storage that is considered based More
        Background and Objective: Considering the demands on constructing high energy performance buildings, technical solution is needed to be used for decreasing and improving the energy consumption. One of this solutions is underground energy storage that is considered based on short-term or long-term usage. Method: In this study, a hospital in Tehran city, as a high energy performance building, was investigated. Fluid and heat transfer calculation for heat and cold storage in the building was simulated using MATLAB software for underground pipes. Also heating and cooling loads of the building was calculated by HAP4.5 software and the results were imported to MATLAB software. Then the volume and quality of the 24-hour and seasonal systems and reduction of carbon dioxide emissions were compared. Findings: Heating storage system does not reduce the heating and cooling demand of the building, but application of an underground storage can decrease the amount of bought energy and the subsequent environmental damage. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that application of a 24-hour storage system with 15 lines of steel pipes with the length of 600 m and nominal diameter of 3 inches placed in a ground depth of 3 m, yields 67% heating load and 34% cooling load and reduce CO2 emissions by 127 tons per year. &nbsp;However, application of a 1-year storage system with 45 lines of steel pipes with the same specification placed in a ground depth of 5 m, yields 98% heating load and 39.5% cooling load and reduces CO2 emissions by 169.2 tons per year. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        244 - 4
        Jafar Nouri Abdoreza Karbassi Hasti Borgheipour Alireza Taheri
        4
        4 Manuscript profile
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        245 - 1
        امیرحسین جاوید ابوالقاسم امام زاده علی اصغر حمیدی علی ارجمندزاده
        1
        1 Manuscript profile
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        246 - Establishment of a CNG Station and its Economic Savings in Reduction of Air Pollutions Adverse Health Effects in Comparison to a Gasoline Station in Tehran
        Farideh Atabi Kamran Mahootchi Saeed Zahra Abedi
        Natural gas as an environmentally friendly fuel will have the highest growth rate among energy carriers in the first two decades of this century which is an indication of its ever increasing s~i&middot;re in global consumption of energy sources.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;& More
        Natural gas as an environmentally friendly fuel will have the highest growth rate among energy carriers in the first two decades of this century which is an indication of its ever increasing s~i&middot;re in global consumption of energy sources.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ~_~ The present study utilizes the most recent statistics and data about air pollution and fuel price to estimate the amount of saving that can be attained through the establishment of a single- purposed CNG station having 4 dispensers and consuming 10.512.000 cubic meters ofCNG annually. Thus, the economic losses of pollutants emissions from I cubic meter of CNG and I liter of gasoline were calculated. Finally, by considering the annual revenue of a CNG station, the total monetary saving through the consumption of gas in comparison to the equal amounts of gasoline (per kilometer) was calculated. The results indicate that the total savings for each single-purpose CNG station is about 26.088.303.168 Rials. The cumulative savings from a chain ofCNG stations will be remarkable and in long term it will have huge paybacks including air pollution reduction, public health improvement, gasoline and diesel consumption decrease, reduction in foreign currency expenditures, self sufficiency in use of modem technologies and preservation of petroleum resources. Manuscript profile
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        247 - Study of factors affecting carbon dioxide emission in the country (With refined Laspeyres decomposition analytic method)
        Hadieh Alishiri Shahrzad Mohamadkhanli Azam Mohammadbagheri
        10.22034/jest.2017.10625
        Background and Objective: Current efforts to stabilize and reduce greenhouse gas emission, particularly carbon dioxide to achieve sustainable development is not at an acceptable level and more effort is needed, thus, identifying factors affecting CO2 emission is essenti More
        Background and Objective: Current efforts to stabilize and reduce greenhouse gas emission, particularly carbon dioxide to achieve sustainable development is not at an acceptable level and more effort is needed, thus, identifying factors affecting CO2 emission is essential for the assessment of policies and strategies. Scale of economic activity, change in composition of the economy, carbon intensity and energy intensity can be considered as the most important factors in all sectors, but with the differences in the impact of these factors in each of the sectors of the economy, Iran's economy is divided into four sectors as Home and business, Industry, transport and agriculture and in the period 1380-1391 was studied. Method: A study technique is "refined Laspeyres decomposition method". Findings: The results indicate that in all sectors change in composition of the economy has caused the greatest impact on CO2 emission. Discussion and Conclusion: the obtain result shown, Positive effect of scale of economic activity also shows that with the current method of industrialization of country and due to fossil fuel consumption, CO2 emission increase is inevitable. Also, during the study period due to the efforts of the authorities to increase energy efficiency and improve fuel quality impact of carbon intensity effect in all sectors except transportation is negative. However, Growth in energy consumption in the transport sector would enervate the positive effects of these policies. During the study period, the implementation of policy Gas rationing and subsidies are the most important causes of the erratic energy intensity effect in all sectors. Manuscript profile
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        248 - 6
        نسترن رحیمی
        6
        6 Manuscript profile
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        249 - Designing an algorithm regarding energy auditing software guideline for residential buildings
        Mojtaba Rezaeian Bajgiran Mohsen Kahrom
        Introduction:Implementation of energy auditing in buildings with different applications is one of the issues whichhas been attracted a considerable attention as a way for saving energy and reducing energyconsumption. Auditing in any kind of application, including in res More
        Introduction:Implementation of energy auditing in buildings with different applications is one of the issues whichhas been attracted a considerable attention as a way for saving energy and reducing energyconsumption. Auditing in any kind of application, including in residential buildings, needs its ownspecific methods. Since the technology employed for energy consumption in buildings is differentamong the countries, to propose a national implementation method it is essential to provide a specificguideline which suits Iran's conditions.Material and Method:Energy auditing has been performed in different industrial and educational institutes during the lastyears and it is not a new concept. Moreover, there are some available guidelines for it. The purpose ofthis paper is to provide a software checklist to enable the users to utilize it step by step in residentialbuildings energy auditing. This checklist also provides some essential recommendations as outputsbased on the data and calculations.Results and Discussion:In fact, the developed software performs calculations for heating, losses, etc. based on the conductedmeasurements and consequently recommends the most suitable method. Furthermore, to ensure itsappropriate performance, the guideline has been applied and tested in a building its energy auditinghas been presented. Manuscript profile
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        250 - Aerodynamic Simulation of a Container Ship and Evaluation of Cargo Configuration Effect on Fuel Consumption
        Hamed Majidian Farhood Azarsina
        10.22034/jest.2018.13257
        Background and Objective: Iran has access to open seas and plenty of sea transit around it has urged presence of merchant ships in the region. Fuel consumption has always been a matter of concern for ships. In this study, it is attempted to develop computer models for s More
        Background and Objective: Iran has access to open seas and plenty of sea transit around it has urged presence of merchant ships in the region. Fuel consumption has always been a matter of concern for ships. In this study, it is attempted to develop computer models for several container ship cargo configurations and discuss an optimum configuration at a constant speed front wind. Method: The paper presents simulation results using ANSYS CFX commercial software for a Post-Panamax 9000 TEU container ship. The ship is modelled in a 1:4 scale, then using unstructured mesh the wind filed around it is solved. Drag force, drag coefficient, pressure contour and wind streamline velocity in ten different loading conditions are compared with each other. Finally, the optimized container configuration for loading on deck of the vessel is introduced. Findings: Simulation results demonstrate the influence of container configuration on wind load distribution. Also the numerical results are verified versus wind tunnel test data. Finally, the influence of container configurations on fuel consumption and reduction of pollutant emissions was calculated. Discussion and Conclusion: It is proposed to minimize empty spaces between the cargo containers and avoid unbalanced cargo distribution over deck in order to reduce the wind drag force and consequently reduce the fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. Also, it is suggested to make cargo distribution on the forward and aftward deck areas more streamlined. Manuscript profile
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        251 - Management of Energy Consumption in Residential and Commercial Sector Relying on Domestic Gross Production by Information Technology and Regression Models
        Mohammad Ali Abbaspour Alireza Haj Mulla kani
        One of the main problems and challenges facing the managers and decision makers of energy sector in consumption management area is known as the lack of accurate information and statistics in an appropriate model for simulating and predicting the demand trend. In most More
        One of the main problems and challenges facing the managers and decision makers of energy sector in consumption management area is known as the lack of accurate information and statistics in an appropriate model for simulating and predicting the demand trend. In most cases, mental and trial-and- error methods have been witnessed to be employed for decision making processes. In cases where an appropriate model has the ability to solve the mentioned challenge, but failing to update the information and statistics used in the model can cause a new challenge which may finally results in delaying the decision making process. This paper attempts to introduce and employ a combination of regression models and IT to solve the above two challenges simultaneously and facilitate decision making process for energy consumption management in residential and commercial sectors. This can lead to a better decision making process for acceptable energy saving policy and management and cost reduction of its operation. With no doubt, this will help to reduce the GHG emissions and lead to a better environment. Manuscript profile
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        252 - Heat loss reduction using ceramic micro-particles in paint of the inner walls of a room with radiation cooling panel
        Ghanbar Ali Sheikhzadeh Ali Akbar Azemati Armin Saraei
        Introduction and Aim Limited resources and the need for energy conservation have made the use of energy loss preventive thermal insulations, like the paints containing micro mineral particles, an economic option in different industries and buildings. The aim of the curr More
        Introduction and Aim Limited resources and the need for energy conservation have made the use of energy loss preventive thermal insulations, like the paints containing micro mineral particles, an economic option in different industries and buildings. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of modern insulation, such as paints with ceramic micro-particle in internal walls of a room with radiative cooling panels, on energy consumption.&nbsp; Method In the present study, to investigate the flow field and temperature distribution in a room with a wall of radiation cooling, a three-dimensional cavity has been simulated with different boundary conditions. The effect of coating with a paint containing ceramic micro-particles, ordinary acrylic paints and no paint in different states of changing the boundary conditions, such as changes in wall temperature and absorption coefficient on a room with wall cooling radiation has been studied and the results were compared. Findings Using the computer code, the interior surface temperature is obtained for different boundary conditions and used as a boundary condition for simulation. In case of using wall radiative cooling panels, room temperature is in the comfort zone in all cases, and the lowest temperature occurs when using paints with ceramic micro-particles in the interior surfaces of the room. Discussion It was observed that the coating containing ceramic micro-particles acted as a thermal insulation and reduced energy consumption by about 22% . Manuscript profile
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        253 - Investigation of Empowerment of Rural Women in Environmental Protection
        Akramolok lahijanian Narjes Vaskoei
        Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of rural women in protecting the environment. Statistical population of women 60-12 years old Marzanabad village in Mazandaran province, 75 945 people. Methods: Of 165 randomly selected regularly More
        Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of rural women in protecting the environment. Statistical population of women 60-12 years old Marzanabad village in Mazandaran province, 75 945 people. Methods: Of 165 randomly selected regularly from the village of Marzan-Abad province. The data library, questionnaires and interviews were collected. The questionnaire included 13 questions with answers related to the goals of open and closed primary and secondary research. Indicators to measure the size and financial structure and Spearman correlation coefficient was used to test the hypotheses. &nbsp;Study hypotheses include 1. The social, economic and cultural environment to promote women effectively. 2. Recognition of Women Consciousness in the environment is associated with the management .3- women's empowerment leads to environmental protection. 4. Learning Environment women leads to behavior change in consumption pattern. Findings and Results: The positive relationship between the social, economic and cultural rights of women, recognizing the environmental awareness of women, the empowerment of women in environmental protection, and the role of women in environmental management has shown. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        254 - The Effects of Inner and Outer layers of Double Glazed Facade on the Rate of Energy Consumption in Official and Educational Buildings (Case study: Iran University of Science and Technology)
        Fatemeh MehdizadehSeraj Mohammad Mehdi Danesh Haniyeh Sanaeiyan
        Introduction: The presence of computers and working equipments in official and educational buildings caused the increasing of internal temperature and using glass fa&ccedil;ade vastly has caused more negative effects of this problem. The question is how to reach to the More
        Introduction: The presence of computers and working equipments in official and educational buildings caused the increasing of internal temperature and using glass fa&ccedil;ade vastly has caused more negative effects of this problem. The question is how to reach to the comfort degree of internal temperature without using excessive energy at the same time of benefitting the visual beauty of the glass fa&ccedil;ade. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the quantity of layers of the internal and external of double skin fa&ccedil;ade on energy consumption. Methods of study: The method of this research is based on causal modeling and simulation. The used equipment was the software of thermostatic simulator called &ldquo;Design Builder&rdquo;. In order to reach to the lowest level of energy consumption, different modes of the layers in the double skin fa&ccedil;ade were analyzed by using the design builder software. Findings: The results revealed that in double skin facades, changes in the number of inner layer are efficient in reducing energy consumption, while the outer layer of glazing does not play any role. Using the double skin facade in southern side is more effective because of the sun radiation on this side. Results: Due to the heating and cooling degree days in Tehran which is equal to 1610 and 1435&deg;C respectively, in the summer, habitability and comfort level of residents were demanded mostly. So in the summer, change in the number of inner layers is more effective than the outer layer. Manuscript profile
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        255 - Designing a native pattern in arid climate to reduce energy consumption in housing sector (Case study: Yazd)
        shokoufeh avazalipour haqiqatparast Yazdan Taghizadeh Hossein zabihi
        10.22034/jest.2019.14554
        Background and Objective: Due to the growth of population and consequently the crisis caused by increase of energy demand, management of energy consumption has become inseparable from the issue of sustainability. Therefore, in this study, with a special emphasis on the More
        Background and Objective: Due to the growth of population and consequently the crisis caused by increase of energy demand, management of energy consumption has become inseparable from the issue of sustainability. Therefore, in this study, with a special emphasis on the importance of energy saving, optimization of energy consumption in housing sector are discussed through the contemporary native pattern designing in hot and dry regions. Method: Hence, the required information was collected by investigating the energy consumption in this sector through different patterns and designing the energy-efficient patterns to achieve this important issue. Findings: Due to the fact that the study was done on a case studies in Yazd city, the designing style of the buildings such as (direction of the thickness of the walls, height of the inner structures, etc.) and the elements used (porches, plants, wind, etc.), which have a direct effect on energy efficiency, are studied. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, the pattern of vernacular architecture and modern residential patterns for reducing energy consumption led to similar outcomes by implying that the proposed method can be efficient in reducing the energy consumption Manuscript profile
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        256 - Self-Control, Financial Literacy and Consumer Over-Indebtedness (Case Study: Yazd Tire Industries Complex)
        Mahmoud Moeinadin Mostafa Kazemi Aliabad forogh heyrani
        This research has been designed and implemented to assess the level of financial literacy of workers and to examine the effect of demographic (demographic) characteristics on financial literacy and the effect of financial literacy and self-control on their over-indebted More
        This research has been designed and implemented to assess the level of financial literacy of workers and to examine the effect of demographic (demographic) characteristics on financial literacy and the effect of financial literacy and self-control on their over-indebtedness. The population of the research includes the personnel of Yazd Tire company and the sample consisted of 170 employees selected by random sampling using Cochran's formula that after distributing the questionnaires and referrals and repeated follow-ups of the researcher, 107 acceptable questionnaires were collected. This study is comprised of three main hypotheses tested using two independent samples t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). In examining the various hypotheses, the results indicate that the workers are generally financially low in literacy. But they are literate in some areas of financial literacy, including savings and savings, spending and borrowing, insurance, and retirement. Also, the effect of self-control on the over-indebtedness of consumers is negative or inverse. Finaly the financial literacy have a negative effect on over-indebtedness and positive effect on self-control in view of financial perspective. Manuscript profile
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        257 - Investigating the Relationship between Energy Consumption, Financial Development and Trade Openness in the Middle East Countries
        hadi rahmani fazli
        10.30495/jik.2023.62760.3690
        Economic development is one of the major macroeconomic goals of every country. Today, the importance of economic development and its prominent role in building an idealised society is recognised for the nations, and this goal can be achieved with the help of strategic d More
        Economic development is one of the major macroeconomic goals of every country. Today, the importance of economic development and its prominent role in building an idealised society is recognised for the nations, and this goal can be achieved with the help of strategic development. Energy use, financial development, and degree of trade openness are some of the major components influencing the economic development of a country. Therefore, in this research, the relationship between Energy consumption, financial development and openness of trade has been researched in the Middle East for the period 1990-2015 using econometric models. The reason for choosing this region is because the most important energy suppliers of the world has been taken into account. According to the results, there is a long-term causality due to financial development and the degree of commercial openness towards the energy consumption. However, there is no relationship between the degree of trade openness and financial development. Manuscript profile
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        258 - Designing an economic pattern of buying in-house goods with an emphasis on customer motivational categories (Studied by the automotive industry)
        Rozita Dadkhah Ali Hajiha kambiz Heidarzadeh Hossein vazifehdust
        Abstract: Due to the importance and position of the automobile industry in Iran, the main purpose of this research is to design an economic model of purchasing domestically produced goods with an emphasis on customer motivational categories. The present study was a qual More
        Abstract: Due to the importance and position of the automobile industry in Iran, the main purpose of this research is to design an economic model of purchasing domestically produced goods with an emphasis on customer motivational categories. The present study was a qualitative study with 33 market experts, university professors and clients selected based on snowball sampling and based on open, axial and selective coding in 9 main categories. The validity of the data triangulation method and the peer review and reliability of the two transition codes have been investigated and the results indicate that causal conditions such as (looking at the external car as a social status) influence the motivation of buying domestic cars and strategies. Important for motivating customers to buy domestic cars (informing and influencing advertising on their customers' minds) and intervening conditions (international sanctions) affect these strategies and have consequences (development and economic growth). Manuscript profile
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        259 - Investigation of economic uncertainty on cash holding
        Mehran Matinfard Aliakbar Chaharmahali
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of economic uncertainty on cash holdings in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this regard, the financial information of 135 companies during the period 2010-2010 was systematically extracted and analyzed More
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of economic uncertainty on cash holdings in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this regard, the financial information of 135 companies during the period 2010-2010 was systematically extracted and analyzed as statistical sample of research. The purpose of the research is applied and it uses the correlation method. It is also a time-consuming type of post-event research. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, R software at 95% confidence level and panel data and linear regression model were used to test the hypotheses. The empirical evidence from the research hypotheses suggests that there is a negative and significant relationship between the variables of stock market index economic uncertainty and consumer price index with cash holding level. The same result was also found among the variables of economic uncertainty effect on cash holding With a year delay . Therefore, both research hypotheses were confirmed. Manuscript profile
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        260 - Locally Stationary Wavelet Process and Its Application in Consumer Price Index
        Bistoon Hosseini Reza Poortaheri
        In this paper the new model of Locally Stationary Wavelet (LSW) processes is introduced which is based on reconstruction of functions using wavelets. This model creates a new class of time series that can have a non-stationary behavior. It is observed that, LSW model ha More
        In this paper the new model of Locally Stationary Wavelet (LSW) processes is introduced which is based on reconstruction of functions using wavelets. This model creates a new class of time series that can have a non-stationary behavior. It is observed that, LSW model has a construction similar to moving average model. Finally time series data for Consumer Price Index (CPI) of the country (Iran) in a definite time interval is investigated using this model Manuscript profile
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        261 - Investigation of Economic Effects of Energy Carriers Price Increases on the Composition of Consumption Expenditures of Urban Households
        Seed Mohamad Mehdi Ahmadi Jamshid Pajhuyan
        The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of energy carriers price increases on composition of consumption expenditures of urban households using Almost Ideal Demand System(AIDS). For this purpose, initially seven groups of goods and services includin More
        The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of energy carriers price increases on composition of consumption expenditures of urban households using Almost Ideal Demand System(AIDS). For this purpose, initially seven groups of goods and services including: food and beverage portion, shoes and clothing, transport, communication, hotels and restaurants, water, electricity, gas and other fuels, and other groups is estimated by applying seemingly unrelated regression method and data years of 1380-1389 for 10 cost deciles.Then, the average share of the groups for the years 1390 to 1392 by considering two scenarios increased by 20 and 38% of the price of water, electricity, gas and other fuels as a proxy for energy carriers is predicted. Our results indicate that despite the change in the share of each group of goods based on these two scenarios, but this does not shift in consumer preferences or combined groups of urban households in different deciles. Manuscript profile
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        262 - Analysis of the effect of green building technique on reducing energy consumption (Green roof technique in an educational building in Wasit, Iraq)
        ayam shyaa ali Altamemi Afsaneh zarkesh Mansour Yeganeh
        Background and Objective: Iraq has mild winters and hot and dry weather in long summers, that's why cooling has become the most energy-consuming aspect in Iraq, and the amount of energy consumption is increasing. This problem lies in the unwillingness to use the ways of More
        Background and Objective: Iraq has mild winters and hot and dry weather in long summers, that's why cooling has become the most energy-consuming aspect in Iraq, and the amount of energy consumption is increasing. This problem lies in the unwillingness to use the ways of green building, which is done with the aim of reducing the consumption of energy and natural resources. Therefore, this research focuses on one of these strategies, which is the green roof as the best way to save energy. The purpose of the research is to present an example of roof design using green roof technology in an educational building in Wasit city, and to evaluate the thermal behavior of this technology in improving energy consumption. Material and Methodology: &nbsp;This study was done analytically through the Design Builder program to evaluate the effect of green roof on energy consumption of six types of native plants selected for the climate of Wasit. There are many research variables such as plant height, leaf area index, and growth layer height as research variables, through which the improvement in annual energy consumption is measured. Findings: The results of the numerical analysis showed that after comparing the plants, the best thermal performance of the green roof was for two plants with a height of 15 cm and 20 cm with a high leaf area index. It was 4.43 and 5.82 respectively. The best height of the growing layer to improve energy consumption was determined to be 25 cm and 20 cm. Annual energy savings reached 11.7 and 13.49 respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The green roof in the climate of Wasit city is a practical and sustainable solution for energy consumption in hot and dry weather, and one can take advantage of its many advantages in the climate of the mentioned city. Manuscript profile
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        263 - The role of guarantee of legal and criminal executions in protecting consumer rights in genetically modified products
        elahe soleimani Shirin Shirazian Maryam afshari
        Considering the unknown long-term effects of genetically modified products and the complexities of proving guilt and the relationship between the consumption of these products and their effects on humans and the environment, it is necessary to formulate a special legal More
        Considering the unknown long-term effects of genetically modified products and the complexities of proving guilt and the relationship between the consumption of these products and their effects on humans and the environment, it is necessary to formulate a special legal system based on the approval of a law specific to these organisms.In this article, using library sources and analytical-comparative method, first of all, the concepts and generalities related to genetically modified products and the difference between the guarantee of executions in the legal system of Iran and the European Union are discussed, the existing challenges and finally the solutions to solve them. These challenges have also been explainedIran's biosafety law, unlike the European Union regulations, does not clarify the compensation system and the method of compensation, and for this reason, it cannot be expected that consumer rights will be properly protected.The biosafety law regarding the rights of consumers of transgenic products has shortcomings and loopholes, which due to the rapid developments in the field of biotechnology, especially the production of more transgenic products and their commercialization, doubles the necessity of its amendment. Manuscript profile
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        264 - Analyzing the double skin facade moving in the efficiency of energy consumption in residential buildings sustainability in Tabriz city
        Seyed Mehdi Ghoddosifar Mahsa Faramarzi Asl
        Background and Objective: Double skin facades (DSF) are an interesting and important architectural element in buildings because they are very visually appealing and at the same time can perform better than single skin facades.&nbsp; Double skin facades must be properly More
        Background and Objective: Double skin facades (DSF) are an interesting and important architectural element in buildings because they are very visually appealing and at the same time can perform better than single skin facades.&nbsp; Double skin facades must be properly designed and implemented, otherwise their potential benefits may be lost. For this reason, the physical processes occurring in a double skin facade must be well understood and predicted. However, they are very dynamic and static. The aim of the current research is to analyze the double skin facade moving in the efficiency of energy consumption in residential buildings in Tabriz city. Material and Methodology: In this research, the analytical descriptive method as well as numerical equations, Design Builder software, Converge and sensitivity analysis were used. Findings: The results showed that for the double skinned facade in cold seasons, by blocking the top and bottom of the double skinned facade, the air trapped between the double skinned facades is functional insulation and energy loss is reduced. Also, in hot seasons, by leaving the top and bottom of the skin open and creating air flow between the double skin, the heat transfer from the building increases and as a result, the temperature inside it decreases. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of numerical solution of computational fluid dynamics equations in Design Builder software showed that using this method in Tabriz city, the annual cooling load is reduced by 45% and the annual heating load is reduced by 5%. Manuscript profile
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        265 - Assessing the Effects of Household Economic Status on Energy Consumption (Case Study: Yazd City)
        Amirnavid Soleymani Hamidreza Ghaffarzadeh
        The aim of this article was to investigate the effect of household economic characteristics on energy consumption (case study, households living in Yazd), in whic Background and Aim: This study has been done in order to investigate the effects of household economic cha More
        The aim of this article was to investigate the effect of household economic characteristics on energy consumption (case study, households living in Yazd), in whic Background and Aim: This study has been done in order to investigate the effects of household economic characteristics on energy consumption (case study, households living in Yazd). Methods: 383 households were selected as a sample by simple random sampling and the required information was collected through a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation coefficients. Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between education, income, job and type of home and energy consumption. In general, the economic situation of the family has a great impact on household energy consumption. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, there is a significant relationship between education and energy consumption, and with increasing education, energy consumption has increased. Also, employees consume more energy compared to people with freelance jobs, and retirees and workers consume less energy. Households with incomes above 9 million Tomans per month have consumed much more energy than households with incomes between one and three million Tomans per month, households living in affluent areas consume more energy and people who live in the suburbs and deprived areas consume less energy. h 383 households were selected as a sample by simple random sampling and the required information was collected through a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation coefficients. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between education, income, job and type of home and energy consumption. According to the results, there is a significant relationship between education and energy consumption, and with increasing education, energy consumption has increased. Also, employees consume more energy compared to people with freelance jobs, and retirees and workers consume less energy. Households with incomes above 9 million Tomans per month have consumed much more energy than households with incomes between one and three million Tomans per month, households living in affluent areas consume more energy And people who live in the suburbs and deprived areas consume less energy, in general, the economic situation of the family has a great impact on household energy consumption. Manuscript profile
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        266 - Designing a Model of Virtual Water Education in the Agricultural Sector with the Approach of Resistance Economy and Sustainable Development
        Mohammad Yousefinejad Maryam Larijani Seyed Mohammad Shobeiri Mahdieh Rezaei
        Background and purpose: The water crisis is one of the most paramount challenges in Tehran province. Virtual water management and education in many countries is a measure to overcome water shortage, especially in the agricultural sector. In Iran, virtual water consumpti More
        Background and purpose: The water crisis is one of the most paramount challenges in Tehran province. Virtual water management and education in many countries is a measure to overcome water shortage, especially in the agricultural sector. In Iran, virtual water consumption per capita in the agricultural sector is about 20% higher than the world average. This research was conducted with the aim of designing a model of virtual water education in the agricultural sector with the approach of resistance economy and sustainable development in order to inform the users of virtual water and protect the environment, water resources, and sustainable development in the year 2021.Method: The method of this research was a combination. In the qualitative phase of the research, in order to identify the main and sub-components of the model, the technique of grounded theory was utilized. A semi-structured interview method was conducted to collect data in this phase. The purposeful snowball method was applied in the qualitative phase for sampling. The statistical population of the quantitative part included professors of related universities, experts, and managers of the executive organizations of the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad. According to the statistics and information obtained, the total number of contacts was 360. The sample size was determined by Cochran's formula of 181 people. A researcher-made questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale was designed to collect data. Descriptive statistics measures (mean, standard deviation, variance, frequency, and percentage) were calculated for data analysis in the quantitative phase, and confirmatory factor analysis was employed in the inferential phase.Findings: The results of comparing the mean value of the components obtained from the test (t-test) illustrated that there is a significant difference of 1 percent between the current and desired means in all components and the current state of virtual water management education is not desirable. The validity of the questionnaire constructs was calculated by the convergent validity method at the level of 0.49 and the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by the ordinal coefficient alpha at the level of 0.81. The qualitative findings of the research revealed that 11 components and 37 sub-components were the components of the virtual water education model in the agricultural sector. Based on the standard factor loadings of qvh(&gamma;), the content components of virtual water education (0.97), methods of virtual water education (0.96), and principles of virtual water education (0.92) are respectively, the most substantial in explained the model of virtual water education. Moreover, the confirmatory factor analysis of the components illustrated that the identified components had sufficient factor loading to predict virtual water education in the agricultural sector.Discussion and Conclusion: The fit indicators of the education model in the agricultural sector illustrated that the developed model has a good fit and in addition to awareness and behavior change, the model can be a road map for the trustees and agents of education activities for virtual water users in the agricultural sector. Implementing virtual water education through the prepared model can be expected to prevent the wastage of water resources in the agricultural sector and protect natural resources. Furthermore, based on the upstream documents, it is an opportunity to attain modern agriculture, resistance economy, sustainable development, and environmental protection. Manuscript profile
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        267 - Concentration of micronutrient in Azola at cadmium and salinity contaminated environment
        Salahedin Moradi Leyla Jahanban Tayebeh Basaki
        Introduction: Rapid technological advances in recent decades are despite the many benefits for human, exposed the natural resources and environmental components to various contaminants such as heavy and toxic metals. Materials and Methods: In order to evaluate the pote More
        Introduction: Rapid technological advances in recent decades are despite the many benefits for human, exposed the natural resources and environmental components to various contaminants such as heavy and toxic metals. Materials and Methods: In order to evaluate the potential of azolla, to absorb cadmium and micronutrient from solution contaning different concentrations of salinity, a factorial experiment with completely randomized design and three replications were conducted in the greenhouse. Cadmium was used from cadmium sulfate at the levels of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/liter using Epestin nutrient solution. The concentrations of NaCl in Epestin nutrient solutions were 0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mM. Results: The azolla accumulated high concentration of cadmium solutions in their tissues. Assessing the effect of salinity on cadmium of the azolla indicated that increase in salinity levels of nutrient solution, increased cadmium concentration. Cadmium solutions increasing concentrations of cadmium (in plant), sodium, manganese, copper and decrease iron and zinc. Salinity treatments increased cadmium and sodium and decreasing concentrations of iron, zinc, manganese and copper. Mutual effects of cadmium and salinity treatments increased cadmium and sodium and decreasing concentrations of iron and zinc. Conclusion: Aplications of cadmium and salinity decreased the growth rate of azolla and even caused death where their concentrations were high. Manuscript profile
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        268 - Explaining the Optimal Architectural Patterns of Residential Buildings from the Point of View of Energy (Case study of Tehran 12th District)
        Zohreh Abbaszadeh Masoud Haghlesan Hassan Ebrahimy Asl
        Background and Objective: Due to the increasing price of energy carriers, energy consumption has become one of the main challenges. Meanwhile, residential buildings have a significant share in energy consumption. In Iran, the construction sector accounts for about 40% o More
        Background and Objective: Due to the increasing price of energy carriers, energy consumption has become one of the main challenges. Meanwhile, residential buildings have a significant share in energy consumption. In Iran, the construction sector accounts for about 40% of total energy consumption and is one of the most consumed sectors of energy demand in the residential sector. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain the optimal architectural patterns of residential buildings from the point of view of energy. Material and Methodology: The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and survey. By examining the design examples of common buildings in District 12 of Tehran and modeling them with the help of "Design Builder" software, the amount of energy required for heating and cooling of the building and the effect of various factors on the energy consumption of the building were calculated. Findings: The results indicate that simple methods of interior and exterior architectural design of residential buildings can reduce energy consumption in the study areas by about 40% and also by developing architectural criteria for different areas of the city. Tehran and the application of these criteria in their design can be achieved a significant reduction in energy consumption of buildings and energy efficiency. Discussion and Conclusion: As a result of reducing the energy consumption of buildings with architectural design, this method of energy efficiency in buildings is highly compatible with the economic, cultural and social conditions of the residents of these areas. Have high success. Manuscript profile
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        269 - Investigation the Effects of Structural Changes and Economic Growth on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Iran: Application of the ARDL Model
        Mohammad Ali Asaadi Shahla Salimi Hamed Ghaderzadeh
        Background and Objective: Different factors can cause increasing air contamination such as CO2. Understanding factors affecting atmosphere gaseous change is important for management and reducing air contaminants. Therefore the current study attempted to investigate the More
        Background and Objective: Different factors can cause increasing air contamination such as CO2. Understanding factors affecting atmosphere gaseous change is important for management and reducing air contaminants. Therefore the current study attempted to investigate the effect of growth amount of value added in different economic sector, economic growth, energy consumption, urbanization growth, opening trade grade and financial development on diffusion of carbon dioxide. Material and Methodology: The environmental pollution estimated using the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and error correction method (ECM) for Iran in the during 1985-2017. In addition, the long run relationship between model variables, short run dynamics of the model and the speed of adjustment of short run imbalances to long run estimated. Findings: The findings of the long-term model showed that the growth of urbanization with a value of 0.527% had the most positive effect and the degree of trade openness with a value of 0.125% had the least negative effect on carbon dioxide emissions. Discussion and conclusion: The results of this study show the negative effect of economic growth on the amount of carbon dioxide emissions in the long term, that in each period, about 14% of the imbalances of the instability of the amount of carbon dioxide emissions are resolved, and about seven The period is necessary for the short-term balance error to be adjusted and the model to return to the long-term balance, and also the presence of a positive relationship between the growth of the country's economic sub-sectors and the emission of carbon dioxide in the short-term and long-term will increase this pollutant. Manuscript profile
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        270 - Evaluation of the Application 24-hours heating and cooling storage system for non-residential buildings by using underground pipes and its effect to reduce energy consumption and CO2 emissions
        Isa Khaknezhad Ashkan Abdalisousan
        Due to increasing demand for high-energy buildings, technical solutions are required to use it optimally and minimum energy consumption. Thus, investigation on solution that can decrease the amount of energy and as a result GHG emissions following is needed. One of the More
        Due to increasing demand for high-energy buildings, technical solutions are required to use it optimally and minimum energy consumption. Thus, investigation on solution that can decrease the amount of energy and as a result GHG emissions following is needed. One of the solution is based on underground energy storage that used mainly 24-hour. Heat is stored during day and extracted during night. Heating and cooling demand of the building is not reduced, but using an underground storage can decrease the amount of energy that has to be bought and Environmental degradation. In this investigate, the hospital considered in Tehran City, representing high energy performance buildings, heat transfer and fluid calculation for heat and cold storage is simulated with MATLAB program for underground pipes. Also heating and cooling load of the building calculated with HAP4.5 program and results are imported to MATLAB program, then system volume, ground response and reducing carbon dioxide emissions are studied. The result of this survey showed that, by using 24-hour storage system during a year, which has 15 line of steel pipeswith 600 meters length and nominal diameter of 3 inches where placed in 3 meters ground depth, 67% of heating load and 34% of cooling load can be met and CO2 emissions reduced 127 ton per annum. Manuscript profile
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        271 - Preparing Heating Atlas of Iran Entire Zones By Degree- Day Method to Prepare Energy Consumption Scale
        mehdi Mehrabi abdolrazagh Kaabi-Nejadian morteza Khalaji Asadi
        Considering fossil fuels depletion and increasing of&nbsp;energy demand in Iran, a special attention is requiredtoward the energy conservation. Energy demand of&nbsp;building section in Iran is very high, which is as a resultof many factors such as governmental huge sub More
        Considering fossil fuels depletion and increasing of&nbsp;energy demand in Iran, a special attention is requiredtoward the energy conservation. Energy demand of&nbsp;building section in Iran is very high, which is as a resultof many factors such as governmental huge subsidies&nbsp;for energy, lack of energy conservation culture inbuilding inhabitants, poor insulation of buildings and&nbsp;poor heating or cooling control systems.Most of buildings heating control systems in Iran do&nbsp;not respond properly to weather temperature changes&nbsp;during winters, therefore most of the time the interior&nbsp;temperature of these buildings exceed the comfort&nbsp;temperature, thus these buildings are not energy&nbsp;efficient and consume excessive amount of energy. The&nbsp;most important index to identify these buildings across&nbsp;the country is to know HDDs for each point of the&nbsp;country.Unfortunately, up to now no comprehensive&nbsp;research has been conducted in Iran about HDDs,&nbsp;and thus no HDDs atlas has been provided, therefore&nbsp;it is essential for energy managers, engineers and in&nbsp;particular for the government to be supplied with HDDs&nbsp;for each point of Iran. By taking this fact into account,&nbsp;we decided to prepare a comprehensive HDDs atlas for&nbsp;Iran entire zones.In this paper authorized temperature databases of&nbsp;255 meteorological stations in 30 provinces of Iran havebeen collected from Iran meteorological organization,&nbsp;thereafter, by processing the temperature databases, theannually HDDs for each station were calculated, then&nbsp;a mathematical modeling (multiple regression analysis&nbsp;technique) was employed in order to simulate the HDDs&nbsp;of other places in Iran. Consequently, a HDDs Atlas&nbsp;across Iran entire zones was provided.As a result of this work, by providing a HDDs&nbsp;atlas, the government would be capable of pointing out&nbsp;buildings that consider energy conservation standard&nbsp;scales with proper heating control systems and continue&nbsp;to support them with subsidies, if not they can warn&nbsp;them to reform their energy consumption methods, this&nbsp;policy enhances the government abilities to manage the&nbsp;rate of energy consumption in buildings. Furthermore,&nbsp;energy managers and engineers will be provided with a&nbsp;standard index to calculate annual energy requirement of&nbsp;each building by considering energy conservation aims. Manuscript profile
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        272 - Attitude towards water among rural women, Case Study: Shirvan county of North-Khorasan province
        Gohar Khaksar Moghaddam Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani Mohammad Reza Mahboobi
        Water is one of the most important natural resources on the planet Earth. Water is limited and has effective role in the sustainable development of societies. Consume behavior of people towards water depends on their attitude and teir awareness of water issues. This res More
        Water is one of the most important natural resources on the planet Earth. Water is limited and has effective role in the sustainable development of societies. Consume behavior of people towards water depends on their attitude and teir awareness of water issues. This research examined the factors affecting rural women's attitudes towards water. The type of the research was objectively applied and used field work for gathering data through a descriptive-survey research method. The study population included all households living in 125 villages of Shirvan County which had piped water. Random cluster sampling was used to select 223 women as needed samples. The research instrument was a questionnaire which its content validity was confirmed by university academics and experts of water organization. Reliability of questionnaire was evaluated by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software. The results showed that rural women's attitudes towards water can be assessed at moderate level. There were no significant relationships between age, level of education and cost of consumed water with attitude towards water. But people with higher incomes had more unfavorable attitude towards water. Present article suggests considering educational programs to promote rural women's attitudes towards water and doing research on the correlation between attitudes towards water and water consumption behavior Manuscript profile
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        273 - Energy recovery in Persian Gulf and Gulf Gorgan an seawater reverse osmosis to provide drinking water in urban
        Kolsoom naderi
        Technology seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plants water desalination in recent decades due to the use of energy recovery devices (ERDs), modern technology in manufacturing membrane of growth enjoys. Several systems for energy recovery in SWRO happen that ea More
        Technology seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plants water desalination in recent decades due to the use of energy recovery devices (ERDs), modern technology in manufacturing membrane of growth enjoys. Several systems for energy recovery in SWRO happen that each has its own advantages and disadvantages are.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This article reviews and evaluates the use of devices, energy recovery in the basin, an important catchment area in the north (Gulf of Gorgan) and south (Persian Gulf) in order to provide drinking water in urban areas of the law of the subsidies in the energy sector in 90 years is.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; For this purpose, each of the devices recovered as described, then the software Rosa parameters necessary to produce 20,000 cubic meters per day set, and energy in particular (SEC) in four-wheel Pelton, Turbocharger, pressure exchanger / work to help the software calculated based on energy prices and 90 years of annual energy costs (total power) in both basins has been calculated.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With detailed analysis and comparison of energy consumption in both basin and 41% wheel Pelton of pressure / work close to 50% of energy consumption are reduced. Pressure exchanger with high performance and price pressure due to the high price of energy and is recommended for both catchment Pelton turbines.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        274 - The role of Energy Building Management system(EBMS) in optimization of energy consumption in the building
        sanaz Ghazi Azam Naderi
        Energy Building Management System (EBMS)&nbsp;creates ideal situation due to energy efficiency of thebuildings with consideration of the latest technologies.Although limitation of energy sources is one of&nbsp;the critical problems in human life, urbanization inunsuitab More
        Energy Building Management System (EBMS)&nbsp;creates ideal situation due to energy efficiency of thebuildings with consideration of the latest technologies.Although limitation of energy sources is one of&nbsp;the critical problems in human life, urbanization inunsuitable locations is other factor for energy wasting in&nbsp;the buildings. Consequently, consideration of a Seri ofchanges in heating and cooling systems of the buildings&nbsp;could be prevented of energy wasting in differentparts of the buildings. Design of intelligence energy&nbsp;management system and application of renewableenergies such as solar and wind could be minimized&nbsp;energy consumption. In this paper, samples of designand installation of intelligence management system.in the country were surveyed and with comparison ofthese studies, some suggestions were presented. Manuscript profile
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        275 - Earth-Sheltered Building, an Idea Compatible with Environment
        Fatemeh Akrami Abarghuie
        Chemical pollution caused by the production of building materials, carbon dioxide emissions and particulate matter released into the air, including the major environmental pollution affecting the construction industry. Also a lot of fuel and natural resources consumes t More
        Chemical pollution caused by the production of building materials, carbon dioxide emissions and particulate matter released into the air, including the major environmental pollution affecting the construction industry. Also a lot of fuel and natural resources consumes to provide heating and cooling of buildings, financing future of generations and the environment at risk. Moreover, the removal part of virgin land in certain areas and replace it with a special mass, disrupts the ecosystem of the region. Therefore, it is essential to design strategies in new buildings, with the aim of environmental harmony. So to achieve this aim, the design of the building with the idea of compatibility with the environment has long been considered among different communities. Earth-Sheltered Building such examples that follows energy idea for reducing building energy consumption. This study discusses how to organize the building and its environmental impacts associated with the environment is concerned. Depending on the capabilities this type of architecture to reduce the consumption of fuel and energy, as well as environmental compatibility, it can propose for contemporary architectural and urban purposes Manuscript profile
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        276 - The Environmental Attitude and Using Chemical Toxins among Rice Growers (Case study: Esfivard-shoorab Rural District, Sari County)
        Mohammadreza Mahboobi Hossein Ahmadigorji
        According to the mission of agricultural extension in reduction of pesticide use on farms, agricultural producers' attitude on the use of pesticides on farms is important. This study aimed to identify the environmental attitude of farmers towards the use of chemical tox More
        According to the mission of agricultural extension in reduction of pesticide use on farms, agricultural producers' attitude on the use of pesticides on farms is important. This study aimed to identify the environmental attitude of farmers towards the use of chemical toxins on the farm, based on descriptive and survey research method. The target population in the study consisted 200 rice growers lived in villages of Esfivard-shoorab rural district in central district of Sari County in Mazandaran Province that 130 of them were selected as research samples. Data gathered through a questionnaire and its face validity was confirmed by expert&rsquo;s panel and the reliability analysis was conducted and Cronbach&rsquo;s alpha coefficient was 0.71. Data were analyzed using SPSSwin19 software. The research findings showed that farmers have a moderate to high positive environmental attitude for reducing the use of Chemical toxins on their farm. The correlation test showed that by increasing in agricultural experiment, age, perceive biological control importance, participation in extension classes, farmers have more positive attitude for reducing the use of Chemical toxins on their farm. Also, the compare mean results showed that there is a significant difference between environmental attitudes of chemical toxins usage in terms of the cost of buying chemical toxins used in one crop season. This study recommended continuing educational courses formation with the aim of creating of positive environmental attitudes of reducing chemical toxins in farmers Manuscript profile
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        277 - Reading mystical signs in the poems of Ibn Fariz and Sanai Ghaznavi
        mohammad ghafourifar mohammad ghafourifar ali reza
        10.30495/clq.2023.1919596.2498
        One of the types of literature whose various frequencies are found in the works of most Persian-speaking and Arabic-speaking poets, and which have produced remarkable and readable works in this type, is "mystical literature". In this type of literature, poets use code l More
        One of the types of literature whose various frequencies are found in the works of most Persian-speaking and Arabic-speaking poets, and which have produced remarkable and readable works in this type, is "mystical literature". In this type of literature, poets use code language to express mystical meanings and refer to a special style in poetic formats, especially sonnets. In the arena of Arabic and Persian literature, Ibn Faraz of Egypt and Sana'i of Ghazni are considered to be two famous poets and high-ranking mystics, and lovers of divine love. The current research in the field of comparative literature, based on the American comparative literature school, is trying to investigate the most important commonalities and differences of mystical manifestations in the poems of these two poets with descriptive-analytical method. The results of this research indicate that both poets drank from the water of mysticism and politeness, and in the belief of both of them, the most prominent motivation for transcendence is love, and in the basic issues of mysticism, in addition to love, in other mystical manifestations such as Intellect, existential and intuitive unity, annihilation and mystic symbols also have commonalities with each other. with the difference that Ibn Faraz used the symbol in his poems more than Sana'i. In the discussion of colors, Ibn Faraz has mostly interpreted them as light and dark; But Sana'i has paid more attention to the symbols of colors than Ibn Faraz. Manuscript profile
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        278 - A Comparative Study of Transformations of Contemporary Arabic Poetry from the Movement Era onwards and Transformations of Contemporary Persian Poetry from Constitutionalism Era onwards
        Zahra Khosravi
        The present article includes these sections:&nbsp;The first section discusses transformations of contemporary Arabic poetry from the movement era onwards. The second section discusses sociological aspects of the literary&nbsp;transformations in our country which resulte More
        The present article includes these sections:&nbsp;The first section discusses transformations of contemporary Arabic poetry from the movement era onwards. The second section discusses sociological aspects of the literary&nbsp;transformations in our country which resulted in preparing the ground&nbsp;for the Constitutional Revolution. Characteristics of the poetry in this&nbsp;era are also discussed in this section.&nbsp;In the third section, the similarities of Persian poetry after the&nbsp;Constitutionalism era and Arabic poetry after the movement era are&nbsp;compared. Manuscript profile
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        279 - A Survey on Evolution and Modernism History in Iran and Egypt by Abdul'Rahim Talibov and Rifa'a al-Tahtawi's views
        Hassan Dadkhah Mohammad Reza Alam Ma&#039;soumeh Tangestani
        Iran and Egypt have many similarities in different fields and aspects. These commonalities have created similarities in their evolutionary which the most important amongst is the mental and scientific evolution in both countries. Two characters in the modern era played More
        Iran and Egypt have many similarities in different fields and aspects. These commonalities have created similarities in their evolutionary which the most important amongst is the mental and scientific evolution in both countries. Two characters in the modern era played significant role in people's awakening: Abdul'Rahim Talibov&nbsp;from Iran and Rifa'a al-Tahtawi from Egypt. Both scholars have felt the lags and shortcomings of their societies and have attempted a lot in order to save their countries. The present paper tries to compare these two intellectuals' attitudes and functions on evolution and modernism of their own societies. Manuscript profile
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        280 - A Comparative Study of Reasons for the Rise of the Novel in Iran and Egypt
        Mahindokht Farrokhnia Farzaneh buryazadeh
        One of the research fields of comparative literature, is the study of literary genres&rsquo; genesis and the examination of the quality of their growth and development. Fiction, especially the novel, is one of the important and significant contexts of comparative resea More
        One of the research fields of comparative literature, is the study of literary genres&rsquo; genesis and the examination of the quality of their growth and development. Fiction, especially the novel, is one of the important and significant contexts of comparative research. This article, prepared by a library method, studies and analyzes the reasons for the rise of the novel in Iran and Egypt, which are the two most important cradles of Persian and Arabic literature. The novel form in Iran and Egypt appeared more or less simultaneously, in the latter part of the nineteenth century. Because of such common factors as similar political and social conditions, the rise of modernist movements, the advent of the printing industry, the establishment of science academies, the impact or hegemony of western culture, the translation movement, and the rise of the intelligentsia, the emergence of the novel has coincided in both countries. This article studies all these common reasons for the rise of the novel, and introduces the first major novels in these two cultural contexts. Manuscript profile
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        281 - A Comparative Study of the Necessity of the Education of Women in Qasim Amin Mesri’s and Parvin Etesami’s Views
        Fatemeh Moradi Reza Samizadeh
        Parvin Etesami is one of the prominent and celebrated contemporary Iranian poetesses who enjoys a prominent place, particularly by dealing with certain issues such as women education throughout her poetry. Under the influence of her father Yusuf Etesam al-Mulk and his w More
        Parvin Etesami is one of the prominent and celebrated contemporary Iranian poetesses who enjoys a prominent place, particularly by dealing with certain issues such as women education throughout her poetry. Under the influence of her father Yusuf Etesam al-Mulk and his works, as translated from different languages, she successfully advanced her development and flourished in this field. Yusuf Etesam al-Mulk translated some books from Arabic into Persian including, namely, Qasim Amin Mesri's book entitled Tahrir al-Mar&rsquo;a on freedom and women education, to be partly published in Iran under the title of Tarbiyate Niswan (Women Education). This paper is an attempt to explore Qasim Amin Mesri's ideas on the education of women and the effect on Parvin Etesami&rsquo;s poems and views, therefore by studying their lives, works, and comparing their views the authors seek to make clear whether she was under his influence in her poetry or not, and if yes, determine to what extent she has received influence. Moreover, in this paper their approaches towards the necessity of educating women and Parvin's particular attitude towards the capabilities of Iranian women without imitating Western women has been treated. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        282 - Short Story in Iran and Egypt: Applied Study of Aliacharf Darwisaan’s story " He doen’t have " and Yusuf Idris’s “A Glance”
        Majid Salehbek Fatemeh Biglary
        The literature of an era is said to be the full-vision mirror of that era and a study of the literature of each era expresses the characteristics of that given period. This is particularly more evident with the modern genres of literature such as the novel and short sto More
        The literature of an era is said to be the full-vision mirror of that era and a study of the literature of each era expresses the characteristics of that given period. This is particularly more evident with the modern genres of literature such as the novel and short story. The Literature of any country is influenced by its political, social and cultural conditions.Iran and Egypt are not excluded from this rule. There have been writers in both countries who turned their faces towards short stories with a realistic style to express the problems of their societies. This paper has chosen two of Iranian and Egyptian writers named Ali Ashraf Darvishian and Yousef Edris, who have to some extent similar styles in writing stories, and two of their short stories; and after presenting a short biography of each, and stating the elements contributing to the advent of "short story" in these two countries, has studied and contrasted these two stories and finally stated their similarities and differences in their social thought. Manuscript profile
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        283 - Educational Values in Ahmad Zaki Abu Shadi’s Poetry According to Romantic Meanings
        Roya Izad Doust Zahra Khosravi Soheila Qasimi Tarshizi
        10.30495/clq.2021.685282
        Ahmad Zaki Abu Shadi (1892) is one of the leading poets in the field of Romantic school in Arabic literature who sometimes tried to express the educational themes in poetry in addition to romantic principles. He is the child of an age in which the struggle for liberatio More
        Ahmad Zaki Abu Shadi (1892) is one of the leading poets in the field of Romantic school in Arabic literature who sometimes tried to express the educational themes in poetry in addition to romantic principles. He is the child of an age in which the struggle for liberation from colonialism was carried out full &ndash; blooded; thus, he portrayed some of the moral recommendations and human values ​​in the form of in &ndash; text infrastructures; one can become aware of the characteristics of romantic poetry in the Arab society by reading his poetries. Educational poetry refers to those couplets whose poetic purpose is to teach moral values ​​and human beliefs. This descriptive &ndash; analytical article intends to show in what field and how the educational teachings of the mentioned poet were reflected. The most important results indicate that the moral propositions he sought in religious discourse were presented through intertextual relations and beautiful descriptions, while in expressing social and political issues he tended to symbolism more than any other literary trick.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        284 - The proper consumption pattern in the Qoran & tradition
        Mahdi Momtahen Akhtar Soltani Mohammad Amin Rodini
        Prosperity and improvement are eminent aspirations all societies. Presenting an ideal pattern for the mentioned to be realized is one of the inevitable necessities considered in all human and divine schools. especially the holy religion of Islam .To consider this subjec More
        Prosperity and improvement are eminent aspirations all societies. Presenting an ideal pattern for the mentioned to be realized is one of the inevitable necessities considered in all human and divine schools. especially the holy religion of Islam .To consider this subject from the religious view, especially the Qoran and traditions of the infallible lmamsip.f.t) is the duty of affectionate thinkers .So this article wants to introduce the theoretical basics ofthe proper consumption pattern as a prelude to introduce the ideal pattern by offering a good definition of it. This article will analyze the most important causes and factors of this great measure by examining the verses of the Qoran and traditions.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        285 - Life Style in Interaction with Water by Emphasizing Quran Learnings
        Ommolbanin Soleimani Baghshsh Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi Moghaddam
        Water is one pf the animators in the world. Encouraging thinking about life style in interaction with the environment is the most complete advice from Quran's view point for humanity and is the best way to overcome the exising crisis especially in the field of water. Qu More
        Water is one pf the animators in the world. Encouraging thinking about life style in interaction with the environment is the most complete advice from Quran's view point for humanity and is the best way to overcome the exising crisis especially in the field of water. Quran has various mentions on water in which delicace points could be found out. The aim of the present paper is to compile quranic solutions in order to change human behavior in his life style in interaction with the environment. The results show that Islam owns ethic and scientific principles such as saving, considering others' rights, wastage and etc. the present article attempts to study the life style in interaction with water based on Quran learnings. Manuscript profile
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        286 - A Jurisprudential Study on the Existence of Financial Right for Wife in Quran; Imamate Jurisprudence and Comparison with Rights in Egypt
        Koorosh Bashiri Ali Parimi Ahmad Reza Behyanfar
        The aim of the present research is the issue of wife's rights after the breaking up marriage using jurisprudential and legal sources inspired by the views of Imamate jurists and lawyers in Islamic countries such as Egypt because of the importance and sensitiveness of th More
        The aim of the present research is the issue of wife's rights after the breaking up marriage using jurisprudential and legal sources inspired by the views of Imamate jurists and lawyers in Islamic countries such as Egypt because of the importance and sensitiveness of the subject. This article is theoretical and the nature is descriptive &ndash; analytical and the method of compilation is librarian. The studies show Egyptian lawyer has consistently attempted to ensure and protect women's rights to prevent women rights being abused, specifically divorced ones. Manuscript profile
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        287 - Manifestations of Commitment in the Poetry of the Arab Spring Revolutions in Egypt (Analytical review of selected samples)
        askar babazadeh aghdam jamal talebii ghare gheshlaghi asma aljiaboushaieb
        10.30495/cls.2022.692158
        AbstractCommitment in literature means that the poet or writer uses his intellectual and literary talent and ability in the service of his community, expresses the pains and sufferings, hopes and aspirations of his people in an honest language and away from affiliation More
        AbstractCommitment in literature means that the poet or writer uses his intellectual and literary talent and ability in the service of his community, expresses the pains and sufferings, hopes and aspirations of his people in an honest language and away from affiliation and prejudice against the party or political tendency. Special portrayed. This thinking is the essence of committed literature. Accordingly, the poetry of the 2011 Arab Spring revolutions in Egypt is considered a committed poem, and after the decline of this type of poetry in the past decades, it has criticized the most important political and social issues during the rule of Hosni Mubarak. The present article seeks to study and analyze the manifestations of commitment in the poetry of the Arab Spring revolutions in Egypt shortly before and after 2011 in the poems of famous poets such as Abd- al Moati Hejazi, Farouk Gouida and Abd al Rahman al-ashmavi and some other anonymous poets. One of the most important findings of the study is that political tyranny as well as social problems such as poverty and unemployment have been the main reasons for the revolution of the Egyptian people. Therefore, committed poets opposed tyranny by focusing on tyranny and lack of civil liberties, and challenged it because of corruption in the administrative and governmental system. They also addressed social problems such as poverty and unemployment because of their attachment to society, and did not forget the leading role of poetry in awakening and calling for revolution. Manuscript profile
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        288 - Mysticism Mask in Haqqi Yahya Literature
        Alaeddin Ramezan
        Religious view point is a part of social character structure. The religion is made of two parts: the first part is the legal section which is documented by the religious texts and prays and the second part is the issues that the social life has influence on them such as More
        Religious view point is a part of social character structure. The religion is made of two parts: the first part is the legal section which is documented by the religious texts and prays and the second part is the issues that the social life has influence on them such as superstition, myths and traditions. One of the phenomenon which have been created because of the social traditions entrance is the Sufism. The present paper studies the Sufism in Yahya Haqqi literature and the interpretation methods. Manuscript profile
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        289 - A Study on Woman's Critics in Midaq Alley Novel Based on Content Sociology
        Fatemeh Ghaderi Fatemeh Jamshidi
        Literature is the mirror of human relationship with others and himself and also it gives an image of our surroundings events. That's why human needs to understand literary works and their analysis and concepts interpretations. The main goal of content sociology &ndash; More
        Literature is the mirror of human relationship with others and himself and also it gives an image of our surroundings events. That's why human needs to understand literary works and their analysis and concepts interpretations. The main goal of content sociology &ndash; as a criticism methods of literature sociology &ndash; is to study the content of literary works. The present paper &ndash; in descriptive &ndash; analytic method &ndash; studies Midaq Alley novel based on "Hamideh" the main character and the novel's hero. The author initially reveals the relationship between the society and the literature and then introduces content sociology method and finally brings samples of social problems in Hamideh's life. Manuscript profile
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        290 - The Emergence of Short Story and its Features in Egypt
        Hossein Shamsabadi Fereshteh Afzali Gholamreza Golchinrad
        Short story is built on a single story that have a single impact and it is a short detail of human life.The length of the short story and the time to read does not take from the listener and the reader but a short time. And that is one of the updated arts that have e More
        Short story is built on a single story that have a single impact and it is a short detail of human life.The length of the short story and the time to read does not take from the listener and the reader but a short time. And that is one of the updated arts that have emerged in the modern era and Arabs did not know this kind of story in past ages and it has no roots in the heritage of storytelling and in fact, the Arabs took it from Western literature after their relationship and their contact with the West.And the Egyptian short story has grown following the events of the First World War and it appeared with the emergence and generation of numerous conflicts in the world and the subsequent 1919 revolution after a break from French translations of short stories and explicit excerpts.And among the pioneers of the story of the early Arab is Jorji Zeydan, the forerunner of the historical story, and Jebran, the forerunner of the stories, and Mikhael Naemah, with whom have been completed the elements of the artistry stories and the pioneer character, Professor Mahmood Teymoor, the prominent short story writer.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        291 - The Egyptian Dialect and its Change
        Hossein Mohammadian Hossein Mirzayi Nia Abbas Ganjali Jafar Aboodi
        Since the true understanding of each dialect depends on an understanding of language changes, this paper discusses the historical course of language in Egypt and the linguistic features of the Egyptian dialect based on historical linguistics. What this paper takes into More
        Since the true understanding of each dialect depends on an understanding of language changes, this paper discusses the historical course of language in Egypt and the linguistic features of the Egyptian dialect based on historical linguistics. What this paper takes into consideration is the presence of Arabic in Egypt before the advent of Islam and discusses the extent of its impression from the other languages in that era, e.g. Coptic etc. However, after the Islam emerge and the conquests, the Egyptian language departed from its origin, Coptic, and replaced it with Arabic, and gradually the Egyptian vernacular superseded the standard dialect over time. Current Egyptian vernacular is a mixture of different languages, and has derived mostly from other languages such as Coptic, Greek, Persian, Turkish, Italian, Aramaic, Hindi, Latin, French, Spanish, Phoenician and English. Manuscript profile
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        292 - Innovation of Yousof Edris in short story
        Hasan Majidi Mohammad Amin Roodini Ayeshe Beganji
        The revolution of 1919 and its positive and negative results reflex on the story&rsquo;s form and subject. In this period, people were interested to draw events and reflect political and social events of society in their works. They want no more to see their desired More
        The revolution of 1919 and its positive and negative results reflex on the story&rsquo;s form and subject. In this period, people were interested to draw events and reflect political and social events of society in their works. They want no more to see their desired world in phantom and dream, because their information to problems of society had increased and they had acquired sufficient statement ability and self- confidence. Yusof Edris is one who his stories is showing the periodُ s literary and social particulars. &nbsp;He was known as literary Innovator with effecting from environment and translated stories of West and with creating stories by novel method and subjects. . Tendency of Yusof Edris is real. He has gone various processes noticed from society changes i. e. his realistic manner have also changed on the spur of the Societyُ s conditions which are these stages in order: Romance realism, critical realism, cryptic realism&hellip; Manuscript profile
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        293 - Study in the notification of the Miqati Al Trablusi and Saati Al Mesri
        Zahra Mohajer Noie
        Miqati Al Terablusi (1829 to 1884-1245 to 1301) and Saati Al Mesri (1241 to 1298=1825 to 1881) leaders of poets the nineteen century have tried poem of common methods of poem of Fetrat re lease and with following of method of ancient poem as Jaheli and Abbasi era poem t More
        Miqati Al Terablusi (1829 to 1884-1245 to 1301) and Saati Al Mesri (1241 to 1298=1825 to 1881) leaders of poets the nineteen century have tried poem of common methods of poem of Fetrat re lease and with following of method of ancient poem as Jaheli and Abbasi era poem to previous station itself return in regard to firmness of style. Although some of indications of weakness of Fetrat poem in poems them appear but they in return of poem to previous station of any effort didn't refuse so that can of them as intermediary between poets of Fetrat and New Classic in regard to change of poem of common methods to firmly methods of poem mention. Miqati and Saati in sing of poems, only didn't imitate but some of lightnings innovation such as method, explanations, intention and new rhythms and rhymes in poems them appear. Although indications in novation them was little but first sparks of innovation isn't sudden but manifests to figure gradual. Manuscript profile
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        294 - The romance in poetry of sayyid Qutb
        Reyhane Molazadeh
        "Sayyid Qutb" is known as one of the most obliged poets of contemporary Egypt. He played a pioneering role in Critics literature. His poetry is belongs to romance poetic school. His structural style with the clarity in meaning transparent phrases and smoothness.
        "Sayyid Qutb" is known as one of the most obliged poets of contemporary Egypt. He played a pioneering role in Critics literature. His poetry is belongs to romance poetic school. His structural style with the clarity in meaning transparent phrases and smoothness. Manuscript profile
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        295 - signs of innovation in poetry,s "saati Mesri"
        Zahra Mohajere noie
        Many poets of the nineteen century follow poetry discipline since the nineteen centry. was after of fatrat periud. Therefore innovative offering, the traditional thoughts and poetic in tentions in poetry appeared. Saati was one of poets of the nineteen century. in verse More
        Many poets of the nineteen century follow poetry discipline since the nineteen centry. was after of fatrat periud. Therefore innovative offering, the traditional thoughts and poetic in tentions in poetry appeared. Saati was one of poets of the nineteen century. in verse of poetry the imitaror and innovator were. and signs of innovation gradually appeared in poems. He stereotype purposes with fresh ideas that fits to needs of his society people was applied. Manuscript profile
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        296 - جداسازی و شناسایی باکتریهای مصرف کننده اسیدلاکتیک از شکمبه گاو و اثر آنها در کنترل اسیدوز در شرایط آزمایشگاهی
        رضا صدیقی وثاق داریوش علیپور
        Manuscript profile
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        297 - ارزیابی سامانه بام‌سبز در مقایسه با بام معمولی از منظر بهره‌وری انرژی در راستای برنامه‌ریزی شهری (کلانشهر مشهد)
        افسانه قلعه نوی آزاده شاهچراغی حامد کامل نیا
        Manuscript profile
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        298 - بررسی نقش سیستم‌های غیر فعال خورشیدی در ساختمانهای صفر انرژی شهری، جهت آسایش و کاهش مصرف انرژی (مطالعه موردی: ولیعصر شهرتبریز)
        علیرضا اصغری آیدا ملکی گاوگانی حسن ابراهیمی اصل حسن ستاری ساربان قلی
        Manuscript profile
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        299 - بررسی تاثیر تراز ارتفاعی متاثر از فضای جغرافیایی شهری بر میزان مصرف آب و رشد گیاهان در فضای سبز شهری، مطالعه موردی: منطقه یک شهری تهران
        صادق پرتانی عطیه محمودی مظفر مژده ربانی
        Manuscript profile
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        300 - تأثیر عوامل اقلیمی در طراحی ساختمان مسکونی با رویکرد توسعه پایدار. مورد مطالعه: اقلیم معتدل و مرطوب
        علی خیری کامران رضائی زاده مهابادی
        Manuscript profile
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        301 - بررسی و تحلیل تأثیر مجتمع‌های تجاری بر گسترش مصرف‌گرایی در کلان‌شهرتبریز
        مسعود حسن نژاد امجدی محمدرضا پورمحمدی نادر زالی
        Manuscript profile
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        302 - رویکرد مقایسه‌ای ایران و مصر درقبال گروه‌های جهادی فلسطین (1979 تا 2012 می‌لادی)
        ابراهیم متقی محمد نادری
        Manuscript profile
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        303 - مطالعه و بررسی تاثیر حاشیه‌نشینی بر گسترش سوء مصرف مواد مخدر مورد مطالعه:(شهرک گلستان اسلام شهر در سال 1390)
        سروش فتحی هاشم آرام عادله فخری اسفستانی
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        304 - تأثیر رسانه‌های جمعی نوین بر شکست نخستین دولت اخوان‌المسلمین در مصر
        معصومه السادات سالکی طاهره میرساردو سروش فتحی
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        305 - شاخص‌های مؤثر بر مصرف انرژی الگوهای مسکن در مقیاس محله با تأکید بر کارآیی انرژی‌(نمونه موردی: شهر سنندج)
        ایوب مرادخانی نیلوفر نیکقدم * منصوره طاهباز
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        306 - بررسی غلظت عناصر غذایی کم مصرف دو رقم گندم با کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای کمپوست گرانوله گوگردی و نیتروژن
        نسیم رنج کش
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        307 - تاثیر روش مصرف عناصر ریزمغذی بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی چغندرقند(Beta vulgarisL.)
        مهسا کیانیان کیوان شمس
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        308 - The relationship of human dignity and its impact on the formation of consumer rights in Imamieh jurisprudence And the laws and regulations of , govermental discretionery punishments با برنامه Google بگویید «Translate love into French»/«ترجمه عشق به فرانسوی». نه، متشکرمبرنامه را امتحان کنید به زبان دیگری با افراد صحبت کنید. نه، متشکرمبرنامه
        arsalan miri جلال ایران منش ابراهیم تقی زاده جلال سلطان احمدی
        Islam is a universal religion which, for human philosophy, considers the principles according to which human beings are the path to development and excellence. In this regard, there is an important issue, such as consumption and consumerism, that observance of the princ More
        Islam is a universal religion which, for human philosophy, considers the principles according to which human beings are the path to development and excellence. In this regard, there is an important issue, such as consumption and consumerism, that observance of the principles Correct Islam leads to the maintenance of human dignity. Therefore, in this regard, it is necessary to lay down rules and regulations for the correct way of consumption and consumerism, through their explanation, the human principles of Islam and, in particular, its human dignity. The author attempts to investigate the role and relationship of human dignity and consumerism in Imami jurisprudence and its related laws, in particular the laws and regulations of government sanctions. The method of research in this article is a descriptive-analytical method which, based on the books and articles, has tried to analyze all aspects of the subject. The results of this research show that paying attention to the proper use of the dishes, the maintenance of human dignity and other values that human beings give us human beings. Manuscript profile
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        309 - Consumer Protection Survey
        Mehdi Mohammadian Amiri Alireza Asgari Sayyad Mohammad Mehdi Ahmady Sayyd Hasan Abedian
        This article discusses one of the etiquette of e-commerce law and Islamic jurisprudence on consumer protection in online cyberspace. Although the subject of cybercrime was not discussed in the jurisprudence, but the whole of consumer protection was raised in jurispruden More
        This article discusses one of the etiquette of e-commerce law and Islamic jurisprudence on consumer protection in online cyberspace. Although the subject of cybercrime was not discussed in the jurisprudence, but the whole of consumer protection was raised in jurisprudential issues, and the verses, narrations and perspectives of the jurisprudents were introduced in this regard, which is that by spatial planning and judgment of the provisions of the teachings Jurisprudence and its implementation with the law of law can be used in this regard to obtain a jurisprudential ruling. The legislator in the e-commerce law, with the design of two issues, has the right to cancel, and the other, the possibility of applying for termination of bail, to protect the consumer in electronic transactions, which in this article deals only with the issue of withdrawal, the result of The study found that the right to withdraw from e-cigarettes is not a parliamentary term and is an independent element in the termination of the deal in cyberspace. This right is accepted by jurisprudence and is considered as an excuse. Manuscript profile
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        310 - The Basis and Solutions for Protecting the Fundamental Rights of Customers and Recipients of Services from the View Point of Islamic Jurisprudence
        zahra sarkeshekeyan Esmat al-Sadat Tabatabaei Lotfi Hormoz Asadi Kohbad
        One of the modern legal issues is the rights of customers and recipients of services, which is part of the consumer rights. Identifying and paying attention to these rights can provide customer satisfaction, health and quality in delivering services, and prevent conflic More
        One of the modern legal issues is the rights of customers and recipients of services, which is part of the consumer rights. Identifying and paying attention to these rights can provide customer satisfaction, health and quality in delivering services, and prevent conflicts in the service market. In the present study, the descriptive-analytical method has been used to explain and examine the principles and strategies for protecting the rights of service customers from the view point of Islamic jurists. In terms of protecting the right of freedom in choice and having a competitive and anti-monopoly market, having accurate and complete information about services, having health and safety services, which are referred to as the fundamental rights of consumers of goods and services, there are issues and rulings, with minor differences, to prevent harm. Government support and interference in regard to harmful services and deceptive practices through the Hasbeh and other institutions is confirmed and emphasized. Manuscript profile
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        311 - The Reasons behind Failure of Egypt Revolution and Collapse of Morsy Administration
        محمد ستوده mohammadali sadeghzadeh
        We would like to congratulate you on your victory in the Presidential election of the United States of America. During the presidential campaign, we and millions of Iranians followed your forthright objection to the nuclear agreement reached between the Obama administr More
        We would like to congratulate you on your victory in the Presidential election of the United States of America. During the presidential campaign, we and millions of Iranians followed your forthright objection to the nuclear agreement reached between the Obama administration and the Islamic Republic of Iran. We sincerely hope that with your election, the new administration and the United States Congress will have the opportunity for the first time to review the regional and international outcomes of that disastrous agreement without any reservations, as was promised to the voters.them. To their despair, in what can only be described as an unthinkable shift and a hundred and eighty degree turn on all the principal values of the United States, President Obama&rsquo;s administration was busy conducting secret correspondence with Ayatollah Khamenei, the life-long leader of Iran. At the same time, Ayatollah&rsquo;s cronies were opening fire on protesters. In October 2011, you wisely said &ldquo;If Obama would&rsquo;ve backed the people of Iran two years Manuscript profile
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        312 - An Analysis of Political-Social Reasons for the Failure of Mohammad Morsiʼs Governance and Sisiʼs Coup d'état in Egypt
        amir hosein moradpourdehnavi alireza naeij
        The present research aims to investigate the factors influencing Akhavan-Al Muslimʼs failure in Egypt with an emphasis on political-social aspects in the failure of Islamic awakening. Having used the descriptive-analytical research method, the results show that the reas More
        The present research aims to investigate the factors influencing Akhavan-Al Muslimʼs failure in Egypt with an emphasis on political-social aspects in the failure of Islamic awakening. Having used the descriptive-analytical research method, the results show that the reasons for falling Morsiʼs governance include political-historical aspects like colonialism legacy in Egypt, structure of autocratic governance, military, and soldiery in Egypt; political-cultural aspects like tribal and religious discrepancies in community and political culture in Egypt, political-social aspects like weakness in political cooperation, personalization of political power, and hegemony-based authorities of the governance. Manuscript profile
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        313 - Comparing the Life of Sadegh Hedayat and the Works of Sohrab Sepehri
        Farhad Tahmasebi
        DDOO
        DDOO Manuscript profile
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        314 - Sociology of KalimKashani’s Poetry Based onRobert EscarpitTheory
        Dr. Farhad Tahmasb Mojtaba Dastjerdi
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        315 - Science in the view point of Bahar and Hafez Ebrahim
        zahra soleymani
        Bahar and Hafez ebrahim are two important poets in recent literature of iran and egipt. Their social and political participations was very importantin their histoty baise on this they called Malekl-al-shoara and the poet ofNile. In this study we try to know their view p More
        Bahar and Hafez ebrahim are two important poets in recent literature of iran and egipt. Their social and political participations was very importantin their histoty baise on this they called Malekl-al-shoara and the poet ofNile. In this study we try to know their view point to their idial socity Manuscript profile
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        316 - تاثیر معنویت درمانی بر کاهش گرایش به مصرف مواد مخدر
        حمید ملایی زرندی فریبرز درتاج
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        317 - ادراکات و نگرش‌های مصرف کنندگان نسبت به ارتباطات بازاریابی سبز در جامعه
        گلنار شجاعی باغینی
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        318 - نقش مصرف رسانه‌ای در مهارت‌های زندگی مورد مطالعه: میزان و نوع استفاده از اینترنت و فضای مجازی
        Badie Ghorbani سمیه تاجیک اسماعیلی Sarvnaz Torbati
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        319 - بررسی رابطه شبکه اجتماعی اینستاگرام با سبک مصرف مواد غذایی توسط جوانان دو منطقه 19 و 5 تهران
        نازنین ملکیان Nizamaldin Modir
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        320 - Relationship Between cultural capital and the lifestyle of elderly women
        Tahereh Jabbary Touran Rahmatollah Amirahamdi Gholamreza Khosh Far Ebrahim Ghafari
        The main purpose of this study is to identify the impact of cultural capital on the lifestyle of elderly women. The research method is survey. The statistical population of the study is 340 elderly people over 60 years of age who use the daily services of the provincial More
        The main purpose of this study is to identify the impact of cultural capital on the lifestyle of elderly women. The research method is survey. The statistical population of the study is 340 elderly people over 60 years of age who use the daily services of the provincial State Welfare Organization. Using Cochran's formula, 183 samples were selected by stratified random sampling method. To assess lifestyle, Miller and Smith&rsquo;s lifestyle questionnaires were used. And to measure cultural capital, the questions of previous research questionnaires in this field were used, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression tests were used to analyze the data. Research findings show that there is a positive relationship between cultural capital and the lifestyle of elderly women. In the equation of regression analysis, analysis of variance is calculated for cultural capital the value of F is equal to 1.294 and the significance of F(Sig = 0.278).) which shows the lifestyle with the dimensions of cultural capital (cultural consumption, number of books, number of works of art, foreign language, media consumption) have a direct linear relationship, it&rsquo;s apparent that cultural capital is of great importance in creating lifestyle and acquiring it is one of the most essential ways to promote older women lifestyle. Also, it can explain lifestyle more than other factors. So, it`s highly recommended law makers and planners pay greater attention to enforcing cultural capital in both middle and old age. Manuscript profile
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        321 - بررسی نگرش‌های مصرف کنندگان نسبت به ارتباطات بازاریابی سبز در جامعه
        محمد حسین مروی گلنار شجاعی باغینی
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        322 - The Role of Media Consumption in Life Skills (Case of Study: The Amount and Type of Using the Internet and Cyberspace)
        Badie Ghorbani Somayeh Tajik Ismaeili Sarvnaz Torbati
        The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the role of media consumption (amount and type of Internet and cyberspace use) in the life skills of Tehran citizens The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method an More
        The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the role of media consumption (amount and type of Internet and cyberspace use) in the life skills of Tehran citizens The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method and measurement tool is a questionnaire The statistical population includes all citizens living in Tehran, which according to the last census in 2016 and according to the statistics available on the website of the Statistics Center of Iran is 8,693,706 people The research questionnaires were distributed through a google form among a sample of 396 people, distributed, collected, and after the necessary controls, data were analyzed using SPSS Findings showed that spending time in cyberspace with positive thinking skills, understanding the principles of freedom, justice and equality, has a positive relationship with the skills of public participation, decision making, mental health, problem solving skills, self-awareness skills, negative relationship and It is meaningful People who usually spend time researching and receiving educational content on the Internet and cyberspace include: self-awareness skills, interpersonal relationships, decision making, mental health, professional skills, how to gather information, skills related to and applying safety tips. And they generally have more life skills People who spend time searching for news and information on the Internet: human communication skills, interpersonal relationships, decision-making, problem-solving skills, critical thinking, how to gather information, demonstrate social behaviors, professional skills, participation in Beneficial activities generally have more life skills. People who spend time chatting with friends, relatives, and colleagues on the Internet are more likely to: Interpersonal relationships, showing social behaviors. People who spend time on the Internet downloading and uploading various images, movies, and videos have more skills: public participation, showing social behaviors People who usually spend time browsing various social networks and monitoring the content produced by others on the Internet have less: Interpersonal relationships. Manuscript profile
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        323 - Investigating the relationship between Instagram social network and food consumption style by young people in districts of 19 and 5 of Tehran
        Nizamaldin Modir Nazanin Malekiaan
        Today, social networks have found a very important place among individuals and communities. Each media can have an impact on individuals according to its own requirements. In general, it can be said that one of the most important factors influencing the formation and co More
        Today, social networks have found a very important place among individuals and communities. Each media can have an impact on individuals according to its own requirements. In general, it can be said that one of the most important factors influencing the formation and continuation of consumption patterns, especially food selection, are advertisements. Therefore, in this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Instagram social network and food consumption style by young people in the two districts of 19 and 5 of Tehran. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in nature and method. The statistical population of this study consists of all young people over 20 years old in districts 19 and 5 of Tehran, which are approximately 2800 people. In this research, Morgan table has been used for sampling. The samples according to Morgan table include 338 people. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the main hypothesis that the use of Instagram social network and food consumption style by young has a significant relationship, due to having a significance level of less than 0.05 is confirmed. Therefore, it can be said that there is a significant relationship between the use of Instagram social network and food consumption style by young people in two districts of Tehran. Manuscript profile
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        324 - Comparison of pendimethalin EC 33% herbicide (Titan) with metribuzin and atrazine in the control of weeds in sugarcane fields
        ALI EHSANIPOUR Hakim Naseri Payam Zali kakesh Davood Neisi
        Sugarcane has a vegetative stage sensitive to weed competition, which is about three to six weeks from the time of planting in the hot season. Weed control is very necessary at the beginning of the sugarcane growing season before the sugarcane canopy closes. In order to More
        Sugarcane has a vegetative stage sensitive to weed competition, which is about three to six weeks from the time of planting in the hot season. Weed control is very necessary at the beginning of the sugarcane growing season before the sugarcane canopy closes. In order to investigate the density, dry weight and EWRC index of broad-leaved and narrow-leaved weeds after using pendimethalin EC 33% (Titan) herbicide pre-emergence with the aim of establishing rotation in the use of herbicides in sugarcane fields, An experiment was conducted in 2022-2023, it was conducted in the Dehkhoda Sugarcane Agro-Industry Company in Ahvaz city of Khuzestan province, in the form of a randomized complete block design. In the experiment, checking the traits including the average density and dry weight of broad-leaved and narrow-leaved weeds in five square meters, and the EWRC index of broad-leaved and narrow-leaved weeds on 20/2/2023 and 31/3/2023. Spraying experiments were carried out with six treatments and three replications. The treatments of the experiment include control (without spraying), Pendimethalin 4 lit/ha, Pendimethalin 3 lit/ha, Pendimethalin 3.5 lit/ha, Pendimethalin 3 lit/ha + metribuzin 1 kg/ha, Atrazine 2 kg/ha + metribuzin 2 kg/ha (Conventional field spraying).The results showed that different treatments had a significant effect on the measured traits at the probability level of 1%. According to the total results and also the necessity of herbicide use rotation, the use of Titan herbicide with a dose of 3.5 to 4 liters per hectare is recommended, especially in late harvest fields. Manuscript profile
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        325 - A Comparative Study of 'Zahāf' (modification; substitution) meaning and application in Persian and Arabic Aruz (prosody)
        Gholam Abbas Zakeri Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini
        "Zahāf" in&nbsp; Arabic lexicon means 'to become remote from the origin; crawling of the child'. In Arabic prosodic terminology, 'zahāf' refers to poet's numerous options that make easy compose poems for Arab poets. In Persian poetry they are inevitable principles thoug More
        "Zahāf" in&nbsp; Arabic lexicon means 'to become remote from the origin; crawling of the child'. In Arabic prosodic terminology, 'zahāf' refers to poet's numerous options that make easy compose poems for Arab poets. In Persian poetry they are inevitable principles though are difficult to follow, make Persian poetry more harmonic. Arab poets compared to Persian poets have more options in using different forms of words. The present article by using documentary research, extracts zahāfs principles and their causes from different Arabic prosody books and compares them with Persian prosodic traditions. The comparison shows that Persian poets cannot follow Arabic prosody all the times. So, Persian prosodists explore new rules. However, Persian prosody is not so remote from Arabic prosody to make necessary completely new mechanism for Persian rhythm. Manuscript profile
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        326 - Violence displays in Sa’id of Egypt From the view of the novel “the train of Sa’id” by “Yusuf Al-ghaeed”
        Hashem Mohammad Hashem Maryam Jalaei
        Novel, as a literary type, has had a close relation to the life and its events from the beginning. The nature of novel provides an opportunity for writer to image process of life and its problems by their own art. The present study has investigated the most important vi More
        Novel, as a literary type, has had a close relation to the life and its events from the beginning. The nature of novel provides an opportunity for writer to image process of life and its problems by their own art. The present study has investigated the most important violence displays in &ldquo;the train of Sa&rsquo;id&rdquo; by &ldquo;Yusuf Al-ghaeed&rdquo; by descriptive-analytic method. The reason for selecting this subject was the deep relation of violence in this region to cultural and mental evolutions of Egypt in this decade particularly In the region of Sa&rsquo;id, insofar as the region is known with this property (violence) and the subject is clearly shown in &ldquo;the train of Sa&rsquo;id&rdquo;. The most crucial results illustrated that violence has displayed in three forms: massacre, vengeance, and tribal contention. From the point of view of the writer, the reasons are interaction method of central government and religious extremism spread in this period. Manuscript profile
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        327 - The study of hero and anti-hero in the play "Death of Yazdgerd"of Bahram Beizai (With an approach to the reader response theory of Wolfgang Iser)
        Sayedeh Maryam Mirhosseini Fatemeh Heidari
        In Persian literature, the word hero is mostly used in its classical sense in epic stories, and the anti-hero is used as the opposite of the main character of the story. And it is the encounter of opposing characters that shapes the narrative. Wolfgang Iser,,a German th More
        In Persian literature, the word hero is mostly used in its classical sense in epic stories, and the anti-hero is used as the opposite of the main character of the story. And it is the encounter of opposing characters that shapes the narrative. Wolfgang Iser,,a German theorician who developed a theory for reading literary texts in the second half of the twentieth century, took a special look at the action of characters and intra-textual elements in the narrative. By shifting the focus of literary studies from author to reader, he turned to the methods of reading the text and believed that with a different reading of the literary work, the elements within the text would also change. In this descriptive and analytical method, we deal with the features of characters, anti-hero and heroism in the play "Death of Yazdgerd" by Bahram Beizai. Our aim in this study is to look as a perspective of the reader-centered Iser which character considers the hero and which the anti-hero. The results of this study show that the protagonist and the anti-hero paid for the ellipse do not necessarily follow the author's beliefs from the reader's point of view, and all the characters in the work can be of heroism or anti-heroism. Manuscript profile
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        328 - The functions of polyphonic narration in the novel "War in Egypt" by Yusuf al-Qaed
        Omid Jahanbakht Layli Shahram Delshad Mojtaba Elyasi
        Polyphonic narrative is a new type of narrative used by some postmodernist literary historians in the late 1970s to the last decade. In this type of literature, the author uses several narrators for narration and avoids the use of a single narrator.Yusuf Al-Qa'id(1944), More
        Polyphonic narrative is a new type of narrative used by some postmodernist literary historians in the late 1970s to the last decade. In this type of literature, the author uses several narrators for narration and avoids the use of a single narrator.Yusuf Al-Qa'id(1944), a prominent Egyptian novelist, has used this method in some of his novels to demonstrate his approach to innovation. The purpose of this article is to examine the functions of polyphonic narration in the novel "War on the Land of Egypt ". It is important to examine this approach in order to identify novels that are modeled on practices appropriate to the age of democracy and civilization; The methods that have been used in conjunction with the development of societies as well as their social and political transformation to convey effective functions to the Arabic reader. The findings indicate that this narrative method is used in the novel to induce three basic functions, namely,dramatic and thematic struggle, explanation and communityization of events and subjects, creating equality, and establishing equal dialogue among fictional characters.I Yusuf al-Qa'id has chosen this narrative style for his narrative plot and through it he intends to reject with this new kind of monotheism and tyranny in the narration and presentation of ideas so that all the characters are equally Be present in the arena of narration, and on the other hand, the reader should be aware of the crisis of democracy and equality in the Arab society in a tangible and realistic way. Manuscript profile
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        329 - Common Egyptian Proverbs versus Women Socio-cultural Identity, in the Shadow of Dominance Theory: A Case Study of Ahmad Shaolan's Book
        Ehya Komasi Amir Mesgar Azra Saberi
        Language, woman and the influence of culture and society in creating language differences between men and women is a topic that has occupied the minds of many researchers for many years. Dominance theory is one of the most important theories that examines the difference More
        Language, woman and the influence of culture and society in creating language differences between men and women is a topic that has occupied the minds of many researchers for many years. Dominance theory is one of the most important theories that examines the difference in social status between men and women and how it reflects on each one specific linguistic behavior. Proverbs are considered the most important linguistic elements explain the lives of people in the society, so that they can be used to study the language of a woman and understand her cultural and social identity. The first volume of the book mosuʽa al-amsāl al-shaʽbyya al-misryya va al-taʽbirāt al-sāʼira (Encyclopedia of Egyptian Popular Proverbs and Common Expressions) by Ibrahim Ahmed Shaolan contains a large number of local Egyptian proverbs that shows women interpretations in a special way. Considering the importance of accent in cultural linguistic studies, we noticed that there have been very few studies about the quality of socio-cultural identity of women in common proverbs among Arabic dialects. Therefore, relying on the descriptive-analytical method and in conformity with the statistical model, we examined local women's proverbs based on the mentioned book and in the light of the dominance theory. The results that we have achieved in this study are as follows: the percentage of negative characteristics of a woman prevails over her positive characteristics. The linguistic behavior of a woman is such that when expressing her opinions and ideas, she usually chooses the nominal and declarative sentence style, in the position of competition and struggle, he chooses the style of repeated first person pronoun and in the time of despair and failure, she often turns to choosing the style of non-declarative sentence. Manuscript profile
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        330 - Child Lamentation in Poetry of Egyptian Poet Ibn-e- Nabata and Khaqani Sherwani
        Abd-al- Qader Pariz Hamed KamaliMaskooni
        Egyptian poet Ibn-e- Nabata is one of the poets of Mamlooki era who witnessed the death of his beloved ones including his own wife and children and composed elegiesdescribing this event and its influence on him. Ibn-e-Nabata&rsquo;selegy for children's death is true des More
        Egyptian poet Ibn-e- Nabata is one of the poets of Mamlooki era who witnessed the death of his beloved ones including his own wife and children and composed elegiesdescribing this event and its influence on him. Ibn-e-Nabata&rsquo;selegy for children's death is true description of separation andpain for the loss of his children. So his elegy is sung with such a painful heart that is near to explode from great sadnessas if he is about to die. On the other hand Persian poet KhaqaniSherwani has told Elegy for death of hisdarlings and relatives. KhaqaniSherwani lost his son, Amir Rashid Al-Din and his death made him to compose elegy in his elegiesmost famous of whichbeing Taranom Al-Masaeb(The Songs of Sufferings). This study aims to compare the lamentation and its characteristicsinKhaqani and Ibn-e- Nabata&rsquo;s poems based on American comparative literature school. In this regard, the below questions are discussed and responded: What is the view of two poets in their elegiacodes? Who is superior in this area? What are the similarand different aspects of their mournful poems? General result of this article shows that Khaqani surpasses his Arabic counterpart lamentation singing for his son since human feelings are depicted more fully in his composition than Ibn-e- Nabata's. In addition, he is innovative in this genre of poetry.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        331 - Ironical Manifestations in Poetry of Ahmed Abdol Almo’ti Hijazi : Case Study: “Leman Naqanni” Ode
        Roqayeh Rostampoor Maleki Ensieh Khazali Maryam Qolami
        Irony is a mysterious communicative language between writer and reader and among its beauties, brevity and oddity and duality of meaning can be referred to. So it is considered as one of the best means of interpretation in an indirect way to reform society. This article More
        Irony is a mysterious communicative language between writer and reader and among its beauties, brevity and oddity and duality of meaning can be referred to. So it is considered as one of the best means of interpretation in an indirect way to reform society. This article elaborates on irony in terms of language and terminology with emphasis on the most important available works in this area. Then it investigates elements of irony and its objectives. Finally ironical manifestations are pictured in &ldquo;Leman Naqnni&rdquo; ode by Ahmed Abdol Almo&rsquo;ti Hijazi. This ode is like a drama in which irony relies on ambiguity and complexity. Sometimes it is described as simplicity and sometimes as negligence. In this poem the poet with hope of reforming society, applies various types of verbal, dramatic, and musical irony to describe the situation being dominant in Egypt in which cry for &nbsp;liberalism has been suppressed. Manuscript profile
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        332 - The Influence of Persian Symbolism and Poetic Forms on the Poetry of Hossein Mojib Almesri
        Mehdi Abedi Jazini
        &nbsp; The comparison of Arabic literature and Persian literature is the comparison between two similar literatures though the impact of Persian literature on Arabic literature is more profound. Hossein Mojib Almesri, the poet under discussion in this paper has been in More
        &nbsp; The comparison of Arabic literature and Persian literature is the comparison between two similar literatures though the impact of Persian literature on Arabic literature is more profound. Hossein Mojib Almesri, the poet under discussion in this paper has been influenced by Persian literature specifically in two areas: symbolism and poetic forms. This paper is an attempt to discuss cultural interaction &nbsp;&nbsp;between Arabic and Persian literature in the poetry of Hossein Mojib Almesri as a prominent contemporary literary man. The paper highlights the representation of this cultural give and take which results in change in poetic themes. Mesri follows Persian mystical symbolism&nbsp; while he tries to depict his own mental images, too by describing the beloved's &nbsp;long hair and tall, upright&nbsp; figure. The poet sometimes borrows Persian motifs and themes unconsciously , and unaware of its effect. Manuscript profile
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        333 - Investigation of Cinematic Montage in Pictorial Structure of Egyptian ‘Adodeh’
        Hashem Mohammad Hashem Maryam Jalaee
        &nbsp;&lsquo;Adodeh&rsquo; is among the &nbsp;most manifest samples of Egyptian folk literature and closely related to death and mourning.&nbsp; This technique-although with some differences- is folk bemoaning sample in formal literature and also one of the most importa More
        &nbsp;&lsquo;Adodeh&rsquo; is among the &nbsp;most manifest samples of Egyptian folk literature and closely related to death and mourning.&nbsp; This technique-although with some differences- is folk bemoaning sample in formal literature and also one of the most important types of Egyptian folk music. Hence, the present study investigates texts of &lsquo;Adodeh&rsquo; technique with analytical- descriptive method and cinematic approach and consists of two parts; the first part compares all types of montage according to Eisenstein theory on the technique and the second part studies fundamental factors in applying montage technique in &lsquo;Adodeh&rsquo;, i.e. frame of the technique and repetition. In the investigation, some cinematic techniques were discovered which is consistent with the aims of this technique in expressing sorrow, sadness and counting a dead person's features through &nbsp;imagery and visualization. Manuscript profile
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        334 - Satirical Literature in the Egyptian Press (Case study: Ahmed Rajab)
        Hadi Nazari Monazzam Majid Bayati
        Newspaper is not merely a tool for showing sufferings, but&nbsp; considered as a tool for expressing thought that receives its effect from power of words. Satirical literature has taken up a great area of the newspaper to express different issues. Expressing sufferings More
        Newspaper is not merely a tool for showing sufferings, but&nbsp; considered as a tool for expressing thought that receives its effect from power of words. Satirical literature has taken up a great area of the newspaper to express different issues. Expressing sufferings in a humorous way makes the audience or reader laugh and is useful as a sharp tool for warning about defects. Egyptian journalist , Ahmed Rajab, is among those who has understood responsibility for his nation and published his critical opinions in Egyptian newspapers. The reader of this paper will find that his satire is not sarcastic, while it reaches its objective well. Rajab utilizes both informal and eloquent language in his writings. It is stated in this paper that the press and society can't be separated. This paper shows the role of satirical literature and its position in the press and utilizes stylistics and descriptive-analytical approach. The conciseness of Ahmed Rajab's prose and his sensational imagery using current realities and important role of informal language with eloquent language are major findings of this paper. Manuscript profile
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        335 - The Effect of Media Consumption on the Athletic Performance with the Intervening Role of Quality of life among Table Tennis Athletes in the Province of Tehran
        Alireza Zand Golamreza Faraji
        The purpose of the present study is to review the effect of media consumption on the athletic performance with the intervening role of quality of life among table tennis athletes in the province of Tehran. This study is descriptive-correlational and was conducted throug More
        The purpose of the present study is to review the effect of media consumption on the athletic performance with the intervening role of quality of life among table tennis athletes in the province of Tehran. This study is descriptive-correlational and was conducted through field research using questionnaires. The statistical population consisted of all table tennis athletes in the province of Tehran among whom 1500 members were active according to the obtained information from the province assembly. Based on Morgan table, 306 athletes were chosen as the sample of study. In this regard, three questionnaires including Media Consumption by Mahmoudian et al. (2015), World Health Organization Quality of Life (1999), and Athletic Performance by Qasemi (2012) were used.&nbsp; The reliability of the questionnaires was calculated to be 0.86%, 0.081%, and 0.91% respectively. Descriptive statistics was used for the classification of raw scores, design of frequency distribution table, and assessment of dispersion indices such as mean, standard deviation and frequency. Besides, the research hypothesis was tested using Path Analysis and SPSS. The results showed that media consumption is effective on the athletic performance of table tennis athletes with the intervening role of quality of life among table tennis athletes in the province of Tehran. Manuscript profile
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        336 - Bi-Threshold Cooperative Spectrum Sensing With the Ability of Simultaneous Improving Throughput and Reducing Energy Consumption in Cognitive Radio Network
        Masoud Moradkhani Farzad Soltanian
        10.30495/jce.2023.1989614.1211
        By performing cooperative spectrum sensing in a cognitive radio network, although the network throughput increases with the increase in the number of secondary users, but at the same time, it also causes an increase in energy consumption. This makes it necessary to prov More
        By performing cooperative spectrum sensing in a cognitive radio network, although the network throughput increases with the increase in the number of secondary users, but at the same time, it also causes an increase in energy consumption. This makes it necessary to provide a system that is able to create a tradeoff between throughput and energy consumption. In contrast to the conventional method of spectrum sensing based on one detection threshold, spectrum sensing with double thresholds avoids reporting unreliable data to the fusion center, thus potentially leading to greater energy saving. In this paper, a double threshold spectrum sensing cognitive radio network with a non-ideal reporting channel is optimized. The values of the threshold and the sensing time are jointly optimized to maximize the throughput of the network, provided that the network energy consumption and the amount of interference with the primary users are limited. The optimization problem is formulated and a numerical method is presented to solve it. The simulation results show a flexible system that can simultaneously provide higher throughput and lower energy consumption than the conventional sensing method. These results, while confirming the higher tolerance against the error of the reporting channel, show a significant energy saving of up to 70% by guaranteeing the throughput efficiency greater than 1. Manuscript profile
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        337 - Improving efficiency and reliability in the seismic monitoring systems based on the Internet of Things by applying redundancy in sensors and controllers
        Iman Zangeneh Amir Massoud Bidgoli Ardeshir Dolati
        10.30495/jce.2023.1997717.1228
        Earthquakes are usually associated with damage. Therefore, any action to predict it is necessary. In data monitoring systems, being real-time and accuracy of data play a key role. In this article, a monitoring system based on the Internet of Things was proposed for the More
        Earthquakes are usually associated with damage. Therefore, any action to predict it is necessary. In data monitoring systems, being real-time and accuracy of data play a key role. In this article, a monitoring system based on the Internet of Things was proposed for the messaging of seismic data. In the first solution, the lightweight protocol Message Queuing Telemetry Transfer (MQTT) was chosen for messaging. In the second solution, redundancy was applied in the sensor layer using the gray wolf algorithm, and in the third solution، redundancy was applied in the controller layer. The simulation results showed that the redundancy in the sensor and controller layer saved energy consumption by more than thirty percent. Also, the average end-to-end delay was significantly reduced in the second and third solutions. Finally، in the first solution, the rate of successful package delivery for different numbers of packages was a constant value of 78.98%. But by applying redundancy in the sensor and controller, the package delivery rate increased to over 92%, which can be the result of increasing the number of sensors and controllers and their proper placement. Manuscript profile
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        338 - Design of high linearity large dynamic-range delay-element for low-voltage low-power applications
        آتنا Varzandeh Esfahani S. M Fahmideh Akbarian
        Designing a high efficiency delay-element is a challenge for low-power low-voltage digital circuits. The delay element circuit has a considering effect on efficiency of low-voltage digital circuits. In sub-micron technologies that lowering the power and the voltage of t More
        Designing a high efficiency delay-element is a challenge for low-power low-voltage digital circuits. The delay element circuit has a considering effect on efficiency of low-voltage digital circuits. In sub-micron technologies that lowering the power and the voltage of the systems is essentially required, design of a highly linear large dynamic range delay element is an important issue for designers. In this paper high linearity delay element is proposed employing the sub-threshold source coupled logic (STSCL) circuits. The presented circuit has a considerable controlling of the delay value by a control voltage. Improvements of dynamic-range and the linearity of the circuit show the operation of the delay element in sub-threshold region. Manuscript profile
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        339 - Comparison of the efficacy cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on signs in stimulants substance users (Methamphetamine)
        Ali Rahimi Nadereh Sohrabi Azarmidokht Rezayei Serus Sarvghad
        10.30486/jsrp.2018.544563
        The purpose of this Study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on signs of stimulants substance users (Methamphetamine). The statistical population of this study were all male substance users (methampheta More
        The purpose of this Study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on signs of stimulants substance users (Methamphetamine). The statistical population of this study were all male substance users (methamphetamin) who were refered to treatment centers in Shiraz . Participant in this study were 28 methamphetamine users selected in a purposive sampling method who were assigned to three groups randomly: two test groups an one control group, one test group received intervention based on group cognitive-behavioral therapy -matrix-model; the other test group received intervention according to group therapy based on acceptance and commitment. Twenty four sessions of 45-minute therapy were given to test groups; whereas control group received no intervention. Assigned Tool involved: Signs Substance Use Questionnaire. (Ghodradi, 1389). All participants responded to before and after the intervention,&nbsp; and 3 months follow up.&nbsp; was use analysis of covariance test and Tukey post hoc test . The results search showed the between effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy and control group 2- the between effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment control group 3- between efficacy cognitive behavioral group therapy and acceptance and commitment group therapy was significant difference on the reducing signs in substance user at post-test and follow up (p&lt;0/001).&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        340 - The Effectiveness of Covert Sensitization along with Cognitive Behavior Therapy on the Reduction of Craving Power and Probable Use of Crack
        amir keshavarzi Shahram Vaziri Farah Lotfi Kashani
        The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of covert sensitization with cognitive behavior therapy on craving power and probable use of crack. This quasi-experimental research used all crack-addicted people who referred to Islamshahr drug abuse treatment center More
        The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of covert sensitization with cognitive behavior therapy on craving power and probable use of crack. This quasi-experimental research used all crack-addicted people who referred to Islamshahr drug abuse treatment centers in 2010 as the population. Using convenient sampling method, 30 crack addicts were selected and then randomly assigned into experimental and control group, 15 in each. All participants answered to Relapse Predication Scale (Wright, 2001) before and after the treatment. The experimental group received 12 sessions, 45 minutes each, of cognitive behavior therapy along with covert sensitization and the control group received only cognitive behavior therapy. To analyze the data, covariance was used. Results indicated that covert sensitization along with cognitive behavior therapy were associated with decreasing craving power however, they were not effective upon relapse prevention (P < 0.001). Manuscript profile
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        341 - Comparison of the effectiveness of schema therapy and mindfulness on cognitive regulation of emotion adaptive strategies in psychoactive drug users
        samira seyedasiaban gholamreza manshaei parviz askari
        The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and mindfulness on cognitive regulation of emotion adaptive strategies in psychoactive drug users. The study was a Quasi-experimental research with pre-test and post-test with control group and a f More
        The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and mindfulness on cognitive regulation of emotion adaptive strategies in psychoactive drug users. The study was a Quasi-experimental research with pre-test and post-test with control group and a follow-up period of three months. The population consisted of patients who were used go to outpatient addiction treatment center affiliated with Welfare Organization in Ahvaz in 2014. From among this population, 60 were selected using accessibility sampling and were randomly divided into two experimental groups, schema therapy and mindfulness, and one control group. One experimental group received schema therapy for 10 sessions and each session lasted one hour and the second experimental group received mindfulness- based therapy for 8 sessions and sessiont lasted for 45-minute. The subjects were evaluated with Garnefski (2002) Cognitive Regulation of Emotion Questionnaire before the initiation of treatment,the end of therapy sessions and the follow-up stages 3 months after treatment. The control group had no treatment at all. using Compare couple test(LSD) results showed that the use of Schema Therapy and Mindfulness is effective in psychoactive drug abuse. In other words, both the experimental group compared to the control group was significantly increased post-test and follow-up in adaptive strategies cognitive regulation of emotion at the level of (p&lt;0/05) show gave.The effects of schema group therapy were much greater than a greater than mindfulness. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the prevention of psychoactive drug users, focus schema therapy and mindfulness based on cognitive regulation of emotion adaptive strategies effective. Manuscript profile
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        342 - Comparing Irrational Beliefs in Patients with Crystal Abuse Disorder and Ordinary People
        maryam ghorbani hamid kazemi zahrani Tahere ghorbani
          The purpose of this study was to comparing irrational beliefs in patients with crystal abuse disorder and ordinary people. So firstly, 36 subjects were selected from Isfahan psycho neurology clients by access sampling method. Control group consisted of 36 students and More
          The purpose of this study was to comparing irrational beliefs in patients with crystal abuse disorder and ordinary people. So firstly, 36 subjects were selected from Isfahan psycho neurology clients by access sampling method. Control group consisted of 36 students and e mployee of Isfahan Payam Noor University that were selected by simple random method and matching criteria of age, gender and educational level. After selecting subjects, Jones irrational thought test was performed on them. The results were analyzed by ttest for independent groups, it was specified that the group misusing crystal has more irrational beliefs than control group. Also scores of sick group relative to control group is higher in subtests with anxiety about future (AO), avoiding from problems (PA), dependence (D), and disability relative to change (HC) (P < 0.05) . Manuscript profile
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        343 - Relationship of Coping Strategies and Self-Efficacy with Substance Abuse Tendency among Students
        jafar bahadori khosroshahi zeynab khanjani
          The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of coping strategies and self-efficacy with substance abuse tendency among students. The target population of this study were the students of Tabriz University in the acadmic years 2011-2012(1390-91s.c.) More
          The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of coping strategies and self-efficacy with substance abuse tendency among students. The target population of this study were the students of Tabriz University in the acadmic years 2011-2012(1390-91s.c.). The research sample consisted of 300 presons (150 females, 150 males) who were selected from among students of Tabriz University through cluster random sampling. Data were collected by Coping Strategy scales ( Endler & Parker, 1990) , Self- efficacy Questionnaire (Sherer & Maddux, 1982) and Addiction Acknowledgment scale (Weed et al, 1992). In order to predict the contribution of substance abuse tendency the data were analyzed, multivariate regression analysis by using enter mrthod the software SPSS16 analysis. The results of the multivariate regression analysis showed that linear combination of problem solving coping strategies, emotional coping strategy and self-efficacy can predict the substance abuse tendency(p < .oo1). Manuscript profile
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        344 - The Relationship Between Perspective,Knowledge and Sources of Information About The Addiction, With a Tendency to Drug Abuse, From Azad Khorasgan Students' Point of View
        فریده قائمی سید محمدرضا صمصام شریعت کیمیا آصف‌وزیری دلارام بلوچی
        The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between perspective, knowledge and sources of information about the addiction, With tendency to drug abuse in khorasgan students. This type of descriptive study is correlation and the samples included studen More
        The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between perspective, knowledge and sources of information about the addiction, With tendency to drug abuse in khorasgan students. This type of descriptive study is correlation and the samples included students whom where selected randomly The research tool was researcher made questionnaire and its validity was calculated by the use of crunbach Alfa the data were analyzed and the results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between perspeetives to addiction as a curable disease with the rate at using drug (P < ). Manuscript profile
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        345 - The effecitiveness of mindfulness based cognitive behavioral training on reduction anxiety of death in patients with epilepsy
        Behnaz Chaghajerdi farzaneh Niknejadi
        10.30486/jsrp.2019.583133.1651
        This study aimed to investigate the effect of mindfulness - based cognitive - behavioral training death anxiety among epileptic patients of association of epilepsy in Isfahan. the study was a quasi-experimental one with pre and post-test and control group. The statistic More
        This study aimed to investigate the effect of mindfulness - based cognitive - behavioral training death anxiety among epileptic patients of association of epilepsy in Isfahan. the study was a quasi-experimental one with pre and post-test and control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all the epileptic patients of association of epilepsy in Isfahan. The sampling method was purposive and based on the purpose of the study, 30 epileptic patients who had the highest score on Death anxiety questionnaires were selected and assigned into the experimental and control groups 15 in each. mindfulness - based cognitive - behavioral training was carried out for the experimental group for eight sessions each 90 minutes and the control group. Received no instructions. The analysis of covariance was utilized to test the research hypotheses. The results indicated that mindfulness-based cognitive- behavioral training as the independent variable had a significant effect on the reduction of death anxiety (p &lt; 0/001) Manuscript profile
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        346 - A Study Using Nutritional Materials and its Relationship With Academic Performance and Measurement of 24 Hour Reminder Food on the Primary School Students of Ahwaz City
        Shamsodin Ansari - Gholam Hossein Ebadi
        This research was aimed to identify and estimate the amount of nutritional consumption and comparing them in the form of pyramid of nutrition guide and its effect on the academic performances and measurement of antropoetric on the primary school students of Ahwaz city. More
        This research was aimed to identify and estimate the amount of nutritional consumption and comparing them in the form of pyramid of nutrition guide and its effect on the academic performances and measurement of antropoetric on the primary school students of Ahwaz city. By using cluster sampling from four regions, 28 schools and 140 classes hare been chosen. Among the students chosen were 560 girl and 560 boy students and a total of 1120 students chosen and two questionnaires mere used. The nutrition has been taken in the last 24 hours according to their kind and amounts registered and weight and height of the subjects, hare been measured and other data registered. The data hare been analyzed with the use of SPSS software (l l .5) The results show that the mean of weight and height of different ages and gedder of the students with NCHS standard have significant differences (I3 < 0.001) and subjects nutrition arrangement like (balance, appreciativeness), variation and receptivity of basic nutritional materials such as (milk, meat, bread, grains, vegetables, fruit, sweet, and oi) have significant differences in nutitional indexes pyramid (p Manuscript profile
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        347 - Design and validation of a model for education of the optimal energy consumption in elementary school textbooks
        parvin torkashvandi Shahram Ranjdoust Mohamad Azimi alireza assareh
        10.30486/jsre.2023.1950529.2078
        Considering the current environmental challenges, the aim of the current research is to design and validate an education model for optimal energy consumption in elementary school textbooks. For this purpose, in addition to quantitative content analysis (categorical) of More
        Considering the current environmental challenges, the aim of the current research is to design and validate an education model for optimal energy consumption in elementary school textbooks. For this purpose, in addition to quantitative content analysis (categorical) of elementary courses from the perspective of optimal energy consumption and evaluating the energy literacy of students in Kermanshah city, based on the foundations, components and assumptions of a desirable model of education and combining the opinions of experts and curriculum experts in it, a model for education of energy consumption in elementary school textbooks has been designed and validated. This research is practical in terms of purpose and exploratory mixed research in terms of method. Domain for analyzing the content of textbooks include all primary school books, for measuring the level of energy literacy including all primary school students in Kermanshah city, and to validate the model, It includes primary school teachers, education specialists, and textbook authors and the purposeful and criteria-based sampling method was used until reaching theoretical saturation (number of 19 people) from experts in energy education and education. The tools for collecting the information required for the design of the model were documentary studies, interviews and questionnaires, and for the purpose of validity and reliability, the theoretical triangulation method was used.The results of the content analysis of the textbooks showed that among the elementary school books, the most attention was paid to the category of consumption patterns in Persian books and experimental sciences of the fifth and sixth grades, which are mainly based on cognitive and functional components. Also, the results showed that the energy literacy of primary school students was low in cognitive aspects and therefore it had an impact on their performance.Bottom of Form Finally, the ideal model of energy consumption education including curriculum elements such as goals, content selection and organization, learning activities and teaching methods, learning resources, grouping, time, place and evaluation was designed. Accreditation review from experts in curriculum studies and environmental education showed that the designed model is acceptable with a high degree of confidence. Based on this, it is suggested that the pattern of optimal energy consumption, its components and how it is taught, which is designed in this research, should be included in the topics and educational programs in the elementary school. Manuscript profile
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        348 - A New Method to Improve Energy Consumption in Wireless Camera Sensor Networks
        javad bayat Shiva Karimi
        Introduction: In the development of wireless camera sensor networks, there are unique challenges such as the need for high bandwidth, low latency for processing, high energy consumption, and real-time control. Each wireless camera sensor node is able to process image da More
        Introduction: In the development of wireless camera sensor networks, there are unique challenges such as the need for high bandwidth, low latency for processing, high energy consumption, and real-time control. Each wireless camera sensor node is able to process image data locally and extract suitable data and cooperate with other cameras based on the desired application. In these networks, high bandwidth is demanded to transmit visual data, and high volume calculations in these networks must be possible with low power. In this article, a new model based on Harris‘s Hawk optimization algorithm is proposed to improve energy consumption in wireless camera sensor networks. The optimization algorithm of Harris‘s Hawk is one of the meta-heuristic algorithms that was invented in 2019. Method: Harris‘s Hawk optimization algorithm was used to form optimal clustering. Each vector generated in Harris‘s Hawk optimization algorithm is calculated based on the fitness function and the most optimal vectors are selected for clustering. In the proposed model, factors such as intra-cluster distance and extra-cluster distance, and energy consumption have been considered. Results: Evaluations in the environment of 150×150 m2 and 300×300 m2 with a different number of nodes show that the proposed model has better efficiency compared to PADT and genetic algorithm (GA). Discussion: In wireless camera sensor networks, the imbalance of energy consumption among nodes is an effective factor in the network lifetime. In order to balance the energy consumption among nodes, clustering algorithms have been proposed for uniform energy distribution. In this paper, we proposed a new model for clustering camera sensor nodes based on Harris‘s Hawk optimization algorithm. In the proposed model, we paid attention to parameters such as intra-cluster distance, extra-cluster distance, and residual energy of sensor nodes. The cluster quality criterion is based on the intra-cluster distance, which depends on the position of the cluster head in the clusters. In the proposed model, because the distance criterion is taken into account and the distance of non-cluster nodes with the cluster head node is evaluated and the closest nodes to the cluster head are selected. Manuscript profile
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        349 - تأثیر کمپوست مصرفی قارچ دکمه‌ای و کود شیمیایی بر روند تغییرات بافت روده گونه های پرورشی گرمابی
        خالد روشنفکر رحیم عبدی محمد علی سالاری علی آبادی زهرا بصیر
        Manuscript profile
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        350 - Ibn Farez and Lovely Epistomology
        Mohammad Goodarzi
        The great Islamic mystics' works reveal this fact that two elements of affection and understanding play an important role in the formation and boundaries of such valuable works. Although few mystics lack these two significant elements, a group of Islamic mystics are mor More
        The great Islamic mystics' works reveal this fact that two elements of affection and understanding play an important role in the formation and boundaries of such valuable works. Although few mystics lack these two significant elements, a group of Islamic mystics are more epistemology centric whose works include further manifestation of understanding while another group are more affection oriented and utilize affection in their works more. Ibn Farez is one of the great scholars of affection centric mystics during seven century A.H.  in whose works he has utilized his lovely affection. Manuscript profile
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        351 - Analysis of the effects and factors of reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development (case study, Shiraz city)
        Peyman Afroozeh mohammad reza Ghorbani param
        10.30495/juepd.2023.1984419.1183
        Energy is one of the important and effective indicators in the direction of sustainable urban development; Because sustainable development aims to meet human needs and strives to preserve the environment. Therefore, it is impossible to ignore the relationship and effect More
        Energy is one of the important and effective indicators in the direction of sustainable urban development; Because sustainable development aims to meet human needs and strives to preserve the environment. Therefore, it is impossible to ignore the relationship and effects of optimal energy management in different parts of the city. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects and factors of reducing energy consumption in the sustainable development of Shiraz city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on field data. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population consists of 1,565,572 citizens of Shiraz. Based on Cochran's formula, the sample size was determined to be 384 people. Also, 21 related experts were used for interviews to identify and analyze the factors of reducing energy consumption in Shiraz city. The structural and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed as well as the reliability with Cronbach's alpha above 0. 70. The results show that the factors of reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development include 20 indicators, which are in total through factor analysis in 5 categories including urban body and form (39. 05), expansion of urban public services (21. 25), use Renewable energy (10. 92), improvement of social indicators (8. 55) and climate adaptation (7. 25) were recognized. Also, based on the content analysis, reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development has 12 major effects, which using structural equation modeling, this effect is equal to 0. 76. The modeling results show that the most effective reduction of energy consumption on sustainable urban development is related to the improvement of the consumption pattern with a total effect value of 0. 88, followed by environmental protection with an effect of 0. 85, an increase in urban investment resources with an effect of 0. 83, and consumption Optimum energy in the building sector with a total effect of 0. 82. Extended Abstract Introduction: The formation, maintenance and development of a city based on the sustainable development approach requires various indicators. In fact, due to the nature of integration and correlation of various indicators in the sustainable development approach, one cannot hope for the realization of sustainable development in a city except in the shadow of attention and planning based on various economic, social and environmental indicators. In this regard, one of the indicators that has a wide connection with sustainable development and preservation of the environment and various resources is the energy index. Today, with the expansion of population, urbanization and large industries, a large part of energy is consumed in cities. In many cases, the amount of energy consumption in different parts of the city is more than the standard amount, and this issue has created many challenges. Considering the importance of the subject, exploration in various sectors of sustainable urban development and energy consumption is very important and undeniable. A large part of the sustainable development of Iranian cities can be realized by reducing energy consumption; Because energy and its optimal consumption play an important role in different parts of the development of cities. This impact can be seen in various fields of services, environmental management, urban traffic, construction management and buildings, etc. In this research, the aim is to identify and then analyze the effects and factors of reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development, which was investigated in the case of Shiraz. The city of Shiraz has a special geographical, service, tourism and industrial position, and its multiple role-playing causes the effects of reducing energy consumption in the development of this city to be known and the related factors to be identified. Methodology: The research method is descriptive-analytical in nature and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study included the citizens of Shiraz and experts familiar with the subject. The population of this city was equal to 1565572 people according to the latest statistics available to the researcher and based on the population and housing census of 2015. Based on Cochran's formula, the statistical sample was calculated as 384 people and the sampling method was random. A statistical sample of 21 experts was also selected. Data collection methods are in two forms: library (documents) and field (survey). The tools of data collection were questionnaires and interviews. The interview method has been used to identify the factors of reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development and in order to prepare a questionnaire. The structural and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through the elite community, and reliability was also confirmed with Cronbach's alpha above 0. 70. For analysis, the data are summarized, coded and categorized and finally processed to provide the basis for analyzes and connections between these data in order to answer the questions. SPSS and AMOS software were used for data analysis. Quantitative methods were used to measure and analyze the data, which included structural equation modeling and factor analysis. In the method of structural equations, based on the drawn model based on theoretical foundations, various indicators have been placed in the model and the effectiveness of each of the resilience indicators has been determined. Results and discussion: The measurement of sustainable urban development indicators through the T-Tech test shows that except for a few employment indicators of citizens with a significance level of 0. 222; Access of citizens to technology and technology with a significance level of 0. 071 and participation of citizens in city management with a significance level of 0. 055, other indicators were significant at a level less than 0. 05 and equal to 0. 000. Examining the significance direction according to the average indicates that sustainable development indicators include quality of life (2. 882), youth employment (2. 078), economic efficiency (2. 291), poverty reduction (2. 289), improvement of lifestyle Life and consumption pattern (2/085), participation of citizens in city management (2/752), use of clean energy (solar and. . ) (2/205), prevention of excessive city growth (2/362) Preservation of historical and cultural monuments (2/057), preventing the destruction of the city's environment (1/966), air pollution management (2/151) and appropriate distribution of uses (2/640) are in a weak state and this Indicators need serious planning. Also, the result shows that the three indicators of citizens' access to technology and technology with an average of 3. 114, citizens' access to appropriate education with an average of 3. 323 and access to appropriate medical and health centers with an average of 3. 625 are in an average situation and In fact, compared to other indicators of sustainable development in Shiraz, they have more suitable conditions. The results show that the factors for reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development included 20 indicators. At the level of variables, the highest factor loading was related to the building density factor with a value of 0. 926. Also, two factors of using intelligent energy consumption control systems with a factor load of 0. 920 and using wind energy with a factor load of 0. 910 are known in the second and third ranks. These 20 indicators in total through factor analysis in 5 categories including urban body and form (39/05), expansion of urban public services (21/25), use of renewable energy (10/92), improvement of social indicators (55) 8. ) and climate adaptation (7. 25) were categorized. Also, based on the content analysis, reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development has 12 major effects, which using structural equation modeling, this effect is equal to 0. 76. In total, it can be said that the 12 examined indicators, including the prosperity of production and economic activities, reducing urban pollution, reducing household expenses, improving the quality of urban life, improving the consumption pattern, increasing access to services, reducing greenhouse gases and etc. can be effective in improving sustainable urban development. Examining the effectiveness of 12 indicators in sustainable urban development shows that the total effect value is 0. 76, and in total, the reviewed indicators can explain about 76% of the variance, role-playing and positive effects in the sustainable urban development of Shiraz. According to the results of this model, the most effective is related to the improvement of the consumption pattern with an explanation of 0. 88. The urban environment preservation index has an explanatory power of 0. 85, the increase of investment has an explanatory power of 0. 83, the optimal energy consumption in the building sector has an explanatory power of 0. 82, and the reduction of household expenses also has an explanatory power of 0. 79 in the field of improving sustainable urban development. Conclusion: &nbsp;In general, it can be concluded that optimal energy consumption and its reduction can be effective in the sustainable development of Shiraz city, and this influence is realized through different patterns and indicators. Also, the result shows that the effects and factors of reducing energy consumption in various economic, social and environmental dimensions show their effectiveness and therefore affect various dimensions of sustainable urban development. Considering these points, the important role of optimizing energy consumption in the development of Shiraz cannot be ignored. In this regard, it is suggested that 1- local (traditional) patterns should be emphasized in order to reduce energy consumption in the buildings of this city in terms of architecture, form, etc. 2- In order to reduce energy consumption in the building sector and achieve sustainable development, it is suggested Incentive schemes for citizens can be strengthened in order to optimize energy consumption. 3- It is suggested that the costs of reducing the optimal energy consumption should be spent in the urban services sector so that citizens can see the results of their optimal consumption in the energy sector. 4- It is suggested that in order to optimize energy consumption and sustainable development of the city Shiraz, the smart infrastructure sector of this city should be upgraded. 5- It is suggested that suitable financial and credit facilities for citizens to use solar energy should be emphasized and planned. 6- It is suggested that the educational dimension related to energy consumption at the level of Shiraz city neighborhoods and in public places. be explained to the citizens. 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        352 - Analysis of housing commoditization in Iran's housing market
        Abolfazl meshkini Mohammad Reza orogi Somayeh Alipour
        10.30495/juepd.2023.1978626.1137
        Housing is considered the most important asset of the household and it is a basic and irreplaceable commodity that, due to its price, accounts for a significant share of the household's income, and its owners, in order not to accept higher risks in other financial marke More
        Housing is considered the most important asset of the household and it is a basic and irreplaceable commodity that, due to its price, accounts for a significant share of the household's income, and its owners, in order not to accept higher risks in other financial markets, They take care of it. Therefore, housing is considered a consumable and a capital item that cannot be removed from the budget of households. Turning housing into a capital good instead of a consumer good is one of the problems in the field of housing at the moment, which brings to mind the question, why has housing become a capital good in Iran? The answer to this question is the main goal pursued in this article. In order to answer this question, the study of documents is the basis, and by analyzing and describing the available materials, regarding the commodification of housing in Iran, as the statistical community of the research, it has been investigated. Since the housing price and most of the considered variables are endogenous, therefore, in this research, the vector self-explanatory model (VAR) has been used. Surveys show that; The matrix of correlation coefficients between the variables is positive, but it has a negative relationship with the exchange rate and the bank interest rate, and the highest correlation coefficient with the housing price is the gross domestic product. Also, the cause and effect relationship between the variables shows that housing prices have a mutual cause and effect relationship with stock variables (S), bank interest rate (R), sector credits function (CRE) and gross domestic product function (GDP) and with rate variables. Currency (EX) and coin price (G) do not have a clear cause and effect relationship, and they also have a one-way relationship with the variables of construction cost (C), liquidity volume (M) and inflation rate (INF), which shows that the investigated variables They affect the price of housing and its transformation into a capital good, and by managing each of these indicators, housing can be turned into a consumer good. Manuscript profile
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        353 - Identification and introduction principles of green architecture in Iran to reduce energy consumption, case study of Bushehr green building
        mohammad behzadpour behnaz kashanizadeh
        10.30495/juepd.2022.690527
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; High energy consumption and its adverse consequences are among the greatest concerns of today&rsquo;s world. One of the ways of balancing energy consumption is sustainability, particularly in buildings since according to More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; High energy consumption and its adverse consequences are among the greatest concerns of today&rsquo;s world. One of the ways of balancing energy consumption is sustainability, particularly in buildings since according to Iran&rsquo;s annual energy records, more than one third of the country&rsquo;s energy is consumed in the building sector. Today, sustainable architecture is among the most important approaches in architecture, aiming to reduce consumption of resources, preserve the natural environment, and promote health. Given that the applied aspect of this approach requires further attention in Iran, this study sought to explain the principles of sustainable architecture and outline the applied sustainable principles in Iran by examining an instance built in Bushehr. In addition, it intended to investigate how successful the project was as many of these principles have been studied and defined in different parts of the world and given that they are specified for a particular climate, they cannot be used as principles prepared and suitable for the climate of Iran. Their success can only be evaluated using software applications and through the passage of time. In this study, first, the concept and aims of sustainable architecture were explained through library research on the subject and real definition of sustainability principles. Then, the building that has been introduced as a sustainable structure in Bushehr was simulated and analyzed in DesignBuilder. The results indicated that in this project, with 235.85 kWh/m2 energy consumption, cooling required the most energy and to reduce energy consumption and move towards the principles of sustainability, principles such as proper definition of the dimensions of openings (for example, openings with medium dimensions since large dimensions do not fit warm and humid climates) and canopies (such as vertical canopies) should be used in constructing such buildings.&nbsp;Extended AbstractIntroduction: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The green process in architecture is an ancient process, for example, since cavemen first realized that choosing a cave facing south is much more suitable in terms of ambient temperature than a cave opening to the north. The new issue is understanding the importance of green architecture for artificial and human environments. Creating &nbsp;the best process for designing buildings; In such a way that all the resources entering the building, its materials, &nbsp;fuel or objects used by the residents, need to create a sustainable architecture. Keeping up with nature is a fundamental thing in traditional Iranian architecture and the principles in traditional Iranian architecture try to use energy efficiently, but today constructions in this region do not pay attention to this or by using laws defined for other climates. Are created. In recent years, many laws, regulations and assemblies have been created in this field, the most prominent of which are Leed, Breem, green globes, DGNB and many others, most of which are the foundations of sustainable buildings in general and public or Explained for other climates except Iran. In Iran, some projects have tried to create buildings called green buildings due to the prevailing conditions in terms of climate and energy consumption, but due to the lack of specific laws specific to the climate of Iran, no source for Measuring the success rate of their performance is nothing but the passage of time. With the current situation of energy consumption and its shortage in Iran, recognizing and introducing these laws will be very important. Given the issues raised, the main question of the research is what are the current laws of green and sustainable architecture in Iran , And after recognizing and studying the principles of sustainable architecture, measuring the success of projects made in Iran as sustainable architecture, because there is no rules for sustainaible architecture in Iran and this ecosystem, in view of all the cases that will change the determination of these laws according to the geographical location of the region, and on the other hand by looking at the cost and energy shortage in Iran and inconsistency The sources of existing regulations with the current conditions in Iran This issue is very important.Methodology:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and then by simulation with the help of Design Builder software, a case study has been researched and studied, which finally leads to the conclusion of the studies. The context of sustainability, sustainability in Iran and the goals of sustainability in the construction industry has been prepared and read to provide a basis for identifying and determining the key criteria. And then the building designed based on sustainable architecture in Iran, which is the study sample, has been studied with the help of simulator software.Results and discussion:&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The building has an energy consumption of 235.85 due to its location in hot and humid climates and on the coastline. According to the above diagram, the consumption of each of the heating, cooling and electricity energies can be seen. As a result of this analysis, Find that the building in question has the highest amount of energy consumption in the field of cooling and with the help of passive and active systems this consumption should be reduced, for example, vertical canopies can be used and the amount of openings should be neither too big nor too small. Systems can minimize energy consumption in this buildingConclusion: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;According to the issues raised, it can be seen that the need to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels in each sector is a requirement, and in the field of architecture with the help of sustainable architecture can be achieved to a very significant extent. In many developed countries, this is important with the help of pre-determined laws and in the form of specific instructions, but in Iran there are no specific laws for this. Since buildings in Iran are built with the method of sustainable architecture and principles derived from it, which also existed in traditional architecture, and with the help of design builder software, we examined one of these examples to find out the amount of energy consumption with the help of sustainable process. How much will be reduced? The results of the analysis show that the energy consumption in the building under construction for cooling is higher than heating and lighting. Thus, it seems necessary to find solutions to reduce the need for energy for cooling due to its significant effect on increasing the amount of initial energy in this study. One of the things that helps reduce the amount of cooling energy consumption is shading and shading forms, which prevented the amount of sunlight from entering during the warm seasons. Manuscript profile
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        354 - Explaining the effects of contemporary consumption behavior in the formation of urban spaces in large-scale shopping centers (Case study: Megamall Ekbatan, Tehran)
        Mehdi Moradi Kianoosh Zakerhaghighi Keramatollah Ziari
        10.30495/juepd.2023.1974801.1121
        With the arrival of modernism in the cities of Iran and in parallel with the development process of globalization, commercial spaces have found a new structure and replaced the commercial space in the form of malls (large-scale shopping centers). Also, the behavior of s More
        With the arrival of modernism in the cities of Iran and in parallel with the development process of globalization, commercial spaces have found a new structure and replaced the commercial space in the form of malls (large-scale shopping centers). Also, the behavior of space users according to the changing role of A city has been transformed and consumption behavior is considered as one of the behaviors of society. so; Identifying the components of the formation of urban spaces in large-scale shopping centers with an emphasis on the consumption behavior of the contemporary era is the main goal of this article. The nature of the topic and research objectives, the ruling approach of this research is "descriptive-explanatory" and "fundamental". The research method is qualitative. According to data collection, a survey method has been used, and interviews have been used as the main tool for data collection. The statistical population includes all users of the space in Ekbatan Megamall, Tehran. According to the theoretical saturation level, the sample size was 30 people in the form of focus groups of 5-6 people randomly. The results of the research indicate that the difference in behavior compared to the past and also compared to the styles of behavior in other traditional markets was considered as another characteristic of megamalls and malls, so that the effects of the malls' space on the nature and quality of the movements and gestures of young people can be seen. And it is a space that encourages consumption and reproduces and organizes this kind of exercise of power within wanderings and unwritten rules by means of the mass volume of showcases, commercial advertisements.Extended AbstractIntroduction:Today, urban spaces have undergone changes due to the change in the lifestyle of citizens on the one hand and the introduction of modernity into urban planning on the other hand, and this is the case that knowing the values, abilities and potentials of contemporary urban spaces can lead to the development and improvement of economic conditions., social, cultural and physical of the city and citizens. Also, New approaches to shopping and consumption as a form of leisure have caused new structures of commercial, service-entertainment spaces in the world, one of which is large-scale commercial centers (megamalls). On the other hand, with the arrival of modernism in the cities of Iran and in parallel with the development process of globalization, the commercial spaces have been extended from the market to the street and gradually transformed into arcades next to the commercial streets, and then hypermarkets with greater concentration and variety. In order to attract different groups of people, they came to work and now this transformation has found a new structure and replaced the commercial space in the form of goods. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explain the effects of contemporary consumption behavior in the formation of urban spaces in large-scale shopping centers, and in this regard, the main question of the research is as follows: "What are the effects of contemporary consumption behavior in the formation of urban spaces in large-scale shopping centers?"Methodology:The present research, in terms of method, is "descriptive-explanatory&rdquo;. The research method is qualitative. According to data collection, survey and interview methods have been used as the main tools. The statistical population includes all the users of the space in Megamall, Ekbatan, Tehran. For the purpose of interviews, for the qualitative analysis of the data, the random sampling method was used, and the sample size was 30 people according to the theoretical saturation level in the form of focus groups. 5-6 people have been selected. The analysis has been done based on Carspecken analysis in the following stages: compilation and initial registration of data; analysis and preliminary restorative analysis of data; Dialogue-oriented data production: description of structural relationships; description and explanation of structural relationships obtained from the findings.Results and discussion:Qualitative findings showed that Ekbatan Megamall, as one of the modern commercial spaces, has provided a platform for space users whose age range is 18-35 years, where "showing themselves" and "roaming" are among their obvious goals. The existence of malls and megamalls in cities leads to It has created a new kind of cultural, social and economic experience of the space, which will also cause the development of the consumerism pattern. Also, Megamall Ekbatan commercial complex as a case study in this thesis can be referred to as a consumption space in which the lifestyle, the desires, thoughts and ideals of different space users are idols of traditional commercial spaces and even arcades and can define a new identity of urban spaces in which the needs of users and their presence are different from other spaces. The production of commercial consumption spaces based on the new needs of users, emphasizing the large-scale commercial complex of Ekbatan, is described as follows: this commercial space is a space not for production but for consumption, and as a modern urban space where fashion is one of the characteristics Space users in a way that makes the representational space of "users' experience area or youth roaming" full of power and procedures contrary to the behavioral pattern of users in other commercial spaces, can be discussed and investigatedConclusion:Concluding remarks of this study, Malls and mega-malls provided an arena for the presence and expression of modern citizens' behaviors, which are similar to things like loitering (showing boys and girls to attract attention, walking calmly and rhythmically without a goal, spending free time), consumer images (signs encouraging consumption, bank banners). investment incentive, this is the same as happiness and bank profit, boutique window decorations), and fashionism (different clothing of users in this space, use of brand and different clothes in these spaces, desire and pretending to buy, desire to use different makeup in girls, The tendency to use different hairstyles in boys, fashionable clothes) that these factors caused the creation of contemporary urban spaces with an approach beyond economic and behavioral exchange. 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        355 - اختصاص کارآمد ماشینهای مجازی به ماشینهای فیزیکی با استفاده از روش فاصله اطمینان با هدف کاهش انرژی در محیط ابری
        نفیسه جوادی داوود بهره پور
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        356 - تأملی در ضمانت اجرای حقوق مصرف کننده در پرتو رویه قضایی
        معصومه رمضانی ابراهیم یاقوتی
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        357 - اثبات نسب در حقوق ایران و مصر
        علی اعلامی قره بلاغ ابوذر ابراهیمی ترکمان
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        358 - بررسی عوامل مؤثر در استقرار حاکمیت ممالیک بحری: دوره سلطنت قطز (658 - 655 ق/ 1260 –1257 م)
        مجبد نظری طاهره عظیم زاده طهرانی
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        359 - Factors Influencing Willingness to Consume Safe Products in Tabriz County, Case Study: Cucumber and Tomato
        Azadeh Falsafian Mehri Faal Amand
        10.30495/sarj.2022.1968214.1090
        Currently, conventional agriculture focuses on the production of agricultural products with excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, while reports from health organizations and environmentalists point to the harmful effects of this type of agriculture on human healt More
        Currently, conventional agriculture focuses on the production of agricultural products with excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, while reports from health organizations and environmentalists point to the harmful effects of this type of agriculture on human health and the environment. One of the most important bases for the development of the consumption of safe products is their acceptance by consumers. Considering the high proportion of cucumbers and tomatoes in the household food basket, the present study investigated the factors influencing the willingness to consume safe cucumbers and tomatoes in Tabriz county. For this purpose, the required data was collected by filling out a questionnaire from 345 households selected by a proportional stratified random sampling procedure. Descriptive results showed that the consumption of safe Cucumber and Tomato is low in Tabriz county. Based on the results of the estimated logit model, family size had a negative influence and age, education level, income level, presence in the household of persons with a professional or educational background in nutrition, the company of persons with a history of diseases caused by the consumption of chemical pesticides in the kinship, awareness index, opinion index, and access and information index had a positive influence on the willingness to consume safe cucumbers and tomatoes.The increase of awareness and development of general public opinion about the benefits of safe products through the media and schools, as well as the expansion of safe product supply centers and the support of the prices of these products by the government, are influential factors in the development of safe produce consumption. Manuscript profile
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        360 - The Effect of Conventional and Conservation Tillage Methods on the Improvement of Wheat Yield in Different Planting Dates and Seeding Rates
        Nosratolla Haidarpour Raham Mohtashami Amin Namdari
        10.30495/sarj.2022.1962341.1078
        Production in areas under rainfed cultivation is always associated with different constraints that among them, changes in precipitation and air temperature from year to year are widespread and uncontrollable. In this regard, the current study was conducted in order to c More
        Production in areas under rainfed cultivation is always associated with different constraints that among them, changes in precipitation and air temperature from year to year are widespread and uncontrollable. In this regard, the current study was conducted in order to compare conservation and conventional tillage methods on wheat yield in sowing dates before and after effective autumn rainfall. The experiment was carried out as split-split plots based on a randomized complete block design with 3 repetitions in two years 2018 to 2020. Experimental treatments included planting time as main plots with two levels D1= before rainfall and D2= after rainfall tillage method as sub-plots including T1= conservative and T2= conventional and seeding rate as sub-sub-plots including S1= 200, S2=300 and S3= 400 seeds. The results demonstrated that although the planting date and seeding rate had no significant effect on the studied traits, the values obtained from the cultivation before rainfall and under 300 and 400 seeding rates were remarkably better. Tillage method caused a significant difference in grain yield and biomass of treatments 3634 and 8394 kg. ha-1, respectively, whereas conventional tillage the values were 2819 and 6114 kg. ha-1. Conservation tillage and cultivation before rainfall associated by using 300 seeds/m2 led to the highest values in number of plants, spikes, and 1000-grain weight compared to conventional method and cultivation before rainfall. Consequently, considering the cost of production, pre-autumn rainfall sowing under conservation tillage and with a 300 seeds/m2 is recommended for Gachsaran region. Manuscript profile
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        361 - Modeling the Amount of Required Energy and Kinetics of Lavender Drying Using Artificial Neural Network
        Mohammad Younesi Alamooti Hamid Khafajeh Mohammad Zarein
        10.30495/sarj.2023.1982366.1125
        Lavender with the scientific name Lavandula stricta Del is a perennial medicinal plant with a height of about half a meter that grows in different regions of Iran. Drying is one of the oldest methods of preserving materials. The use of neural networks can be used in the More
        Lavender with the scientific name Lavandula stricta Del is a perennial medicinal plant with a height of about half a meter that grows in different regions of Iran. Drying is one of the oldest methods of preserving materials. The use of neural networks can be used in the design and selection of optimal working conditions and dryer control. In this study, various parameters of drying, evaluation of mathematical models to determine the best model, evaluation of different topologies of MLP artificial neural network to determine the best network for lavender plant with microwave dryer with power range of 100-1000 watts and The frequency of 2450 MHz is provided in four power levels of 300, 500, 700 and 900 watts. MLP artificial neural network was used to predict the relationship between drying kinetic parameters (moisture ratio and drying rate) and efficiency of energy consumption with changes in microwave power consumption using Statistica software. Among the fitted models, the Midili model was chosen as the best model according to R 2, &chi; 2 and RMSE criteria. Microwave power levels had an effect on drying time, with drying times of 3 minutes for 900 W power and 11 minutes for 300 W power. In order to predict drying kinetic parameters and energy consumption efficiency, MLP network with one input and three outputs was successfully used. The results generally showed that the MLP artificial neural network is a very powerful tool in predicting drying kinetic parameters and energy efficiency of lavender medicinal plant based on microwave power consumption values. Manuscript profile
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        362 - Design, Fabrication and Evaluation of a Portable Harvesting Machine for Rosa Damascena
        Mohammad Younesi Alamooti Omid Reza Roustapoor
        10.30495/sarj.2023.1980471.1121
        Rosa damascena is one of the significant Rosa flower in all over the world and one of the famous plant in horticulture history. Rosa flowers will harvest from the first of Ordibehesht to the end of Khordad before rising sun and in the cool air of morning. In the current More
        Rosa damascena is one of the significant Rosa flower in all over the world and one of the famous plant in horticulture history. Rosa flowers will harvest from the first of Ordibehesht to the end of Khordad before rising sun and in the cool air of morning. In the current research, a portable machine for flower harvesting designed and developed. This machine contains a cutter, suction pipe, fuel motor, frame, backpack and a cyclone separator. All components of the machine including the motor and the cyclone separator are assembled on frame and transported by workers. Flower cut exactly under the receptacle by a reciprocating cutter and sucked to the flexible pipe by the fuel motor and after that transferred to a cyclone separator. Finally, flower is collected in a canvas bag installed at the end of cyclone. Evaluation of the machine was done using completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications in the flower plain of Lizangan from Darab. The treatments were the revolution of motor shaft in three levels of 900, 1200 and 1500 rpm. The parameters including fuel consumption and harvesting period time in every treatment were measured. The control treatment was considered traditional flower harvesting by hand. Based on the evaluation results, increasing the rpm of motor was caused to increase fuel consumption and decrease the net harvesting period time. Also, harvesting time at maximum revolution of motor was decreased in comparison with hand harvesting. Manuscript profile
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        363 - Women’s Feature in Contemporary Poetry In Egypt
        Abdol Reza Attashi Mojde Morshedi
        The purpose of this study was to deliberate the Arab contemporary poetry about women based on Hafez Abraham, the Egypt contemporary poet; his point of view on women&rsquo;s freedom and their role in policy, science and education. The study was designed as narrative and More
        The purpose of this study was to deliberate the Arab contemporary poetry about women based on Hafez Abraham, the Egypt contemporary poet; his point of view on women&rsquo;s freedom and their role in policy, science and education. The study was designed as narrative and analytic. The result showed that he objected to the unconstrained freedom in his poetries and described the women&rsquo;s freedom in Islamic domains. Also this neoclassic poet believed in the role of women in all areas such as policy, science and education. Manuscript profile
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        364 - Proposing A Model For Consumption Based On Beauty In Women
        Fatemeh Saeedirad Hasan Esmailpour
        The aim of this study was to provide a model for beauty-based consumption in women in Tehran. The statistical population of this study was women living in Tehran who have beauty based consumption. The sample of this study included 28 women aged 18-40 years who were sele More
        The aim of this study was to provide a model for beauty-based consumption in women in Tehran. The statistical population of this study was women living in Tehran who have beauty based consumption. The sample of this study included 28 women aged 18-40 years who were selected by snowball sampling method. The research has been done with a qualitative approach and a phenomenological method. The data were collected via interview. Coding was used as the data analysis method. The results showed that gender roles and stereotypes in the society as well as beauty ideals led to women's dissatisfaction with their body image, and dissatisfaction with the female body image led to beautification wares consumption such as cosmetic surgery, diet therapy and going to fitness clubs. Manuscript profile
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        365 - Consumption Behavior of Arab Women in Eid Al-Fitr Shopping Ritual
        Rezvan Bahmaei Maryam Darvishi Jaber Mohammad Moosaee
        The research aimed to study the Arab women&rsquo;s behavior of consumption on the shopping of Eid al-Fitr ritual by phenomenological methodology. The statistical population consisted of all the Arab women living in Khouzestan province. The sample included 13 Arab women, More
        The research aimed to study the Arab women&rsquo;s behavior of consumption on the shopping of Eid al-Fitr ritual by phenomenological methodology. The statistical population consisted of all the Arab women living in Khouzestan province. The sample included 13 Arab women, which were saturated by the interviews. The research design was qualitative with the Van Mannen method on the interpretive paradigm basis. The data were analyzed using the phenomenological strategy via semi-structured interviews. The analysis was carried out after the sample saturation and exploration of main and secondary themes. The results ended to four main themes including: &ldquo;meaning and concept of the phenomenon of Eid al-Fitr and the shopping of Eid al-Fitr in the family, role, and process of shopping for Eid al-Fitr in families, necessities and challenges of shopping for Eid al-Fitr and effects and consequences of shopping for Eid al-Fitr in families. "The most important conclusion of the study was semantic and identities overlap for the Eid al-Fitr phenomenon and shopping before Eid al-Fitr among the studied population. The indicative essence of the overlap included in the religious approach, to complying the religious duty and also ritual concept and being a tradition along with the ethnic ceremony. Manuscript profile
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        366 - Qualitative Investigation of Women's Identity in Bandar Abbas Based on Consumption and Indigenous Culture
        Azita Pourtorogh Yaser Rastegar Saeed Moidfar
        10.22034/jwcp.2023.702437
        The purpose of this study was to qualitatively investigate the identity of women in Bandar Abbas city based on consumption and indigenous culture. The research population included all indigenous women of Bandar Abbas city. The research sample was 18 indigenous women, wh More
        The purpose of this study was to qualitatively investigate the identity of women in Bandar Abbas city based on consumption and indigenous culture. The research population included all indigenous women of Bandar Abbas city. The research sample was 18 indigenous women, which was selected through semi-structured interviews with purposive sampling procedure considering theoretical saturation. The research method was qualitative and the data was collected using thematic analysis and three-step coding. The findings showed: sociologically, since citizens were members of various social groups, people in multicultural cities experienced a more complicated situation in terms of their formation and understanding of their identity. Consumption was a new lifestyle that affected identity, which led to its strengthening. Therefore, the construction of indigenous identity took place through the consumption of elements of indigenous culture among the women of Bandar Abbas city. "Consumption of space", "occasional and non-occasional consumption of food to acquire identity", "collective and ritual consumption of local elements", "individual consumption to acquire collective identity", and "the identity-giving nature of language use" led to the construction of the core category of "consumption of identity as a lifestyle", which showed that the native identity in Bandar Abbas city was continued based on consumption among native women and more consumption had led to the strengthening of this identity. The characteristic of Bandar Abbas culture was that a set of elements were used in it and a coherent set of elements was provided which had an effect on the specific nature of the actions of women in the society and had become an important source of identity-giving for women and the local society. Manuscript profile
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        367 - Effective Factors on Women Addiction
        سهیلا Naseri Palangard فریبا Mohammadi معصومه Develeh محبوبه Naseri
        The purpose of the present study was to have a sociological analysis of the effective factors onthe women's addiction. The sample included 100 addicted women in Royesh Addiction TreatmentCenter for Women in Arak. The study was a survey and the data were collected throug More
        The purpose of the present study was to have a sociological analysis of the effective factors onthe women's addiction. The sample included 100 addicted women in Royesh Addiction TreatmentCenter for Women in Arak. The study was a survey and the data were collected through implementingquestionnaires along with interviewing the participants. The inferences were done basedon three approaches of Cloward and Ohlin, Sutherland and Hirschi. Independent variables in thisstudy were social learning; social control, isolation and the dependent variable were the amountand the duration of drug usage. Data analysis was done based on descriptive and inferential statisticssuch as Kendall's coefficient of concordance b and c. The results revealed that more socialcontrol, avoiding being in contact with criminals and lawbreakers, dependence and good relationshipamong family members, religious beliefs, to lessen communications and breaking up withaddicted friends and criminals, taking part in social activities, helping others in reaching their goalsand being successful and providing them with legal resources and equipment help to reduce theprevalence of addiction among women. Manuscript profile
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        368 - Predicting the tendency of drug abuse of married men based on social problem solving and job satisfaction
        Raed Parvaz keivan kakabraee Karim Afshariniya
        10.30495/iifs.2022.692091
        Introduction:The aim of this study was to present a structural model for predicting the tendency to drug abuse in married satellite personnel of Iran's West Oil and Gas Production Company (WOGPC) based on social problem solving and job satisfaction. Methods: The method More
        Introduction:The aim of this study was to present a structural model for predicting the tendency to drug abuse in married satellite personnel of Iran's West Oil and Gas Production Company (WOGPC) based on social problem solving and job satisfaction. Methods: The method of the present study was correlation and the statistical population was all married satellite male personnel of the Iran's West Oil and Gas Production Company in 2018. Through Cochran's formula, 384 samples were selected by stratified sampling method who responded to the Social Problem Solving Inventory&ndash;Revised (SPSI-R) by Siu and Shek (2005), and Job satisfaction scale of Dante et al. (1996). Structural equation model and IBMAMOS 24 software were used to fit the model. Results: The results indicated that solving social problems is related to drug use. There was also a direct relationship between job satisfaction and drug abuse. Other results showed that social problem solving and job satisfaction can predict the tendency of drug abuse among married satellite male personnel. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that the status and method of job satisfaction and social problem solving of married satellite male personnel is directly related to the tendency towards drug abuse. Thus, providing cognitive training and effective organizational solutions in promoting job satisfaction and strengthening their social problem solving is of great importance. Manuscript profile
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        369 - The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on reducing cravings and emotion regulation in women with drug abuse in Kerman City
        nazanin nakhaei Farshid Khosropour Hamid Molaei Zarandi
        10.30495/iifs.2022.695086
        Aim:The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Islamic resilience skills training on parental attitudes and guilt of mothers with blind children. Method: The research method is clinical trial by pretest-posttest method with a control group and the stati More
        Aim:The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Islamic resilience skills training on parental attitudes and guilt of mothers with blind children. Method: The research method is clinical trial by pretest-posttest method with a control group and the statistical population includes mothers of blind children in 2021. Using purposive sampling method, 32 mothers were selected in cyberspace and randomly selected in two groups of control and Experiments were performed. Attitudes of Parents with Special Needs Child towards Their Children Scale&rsquo;s Govender (2002) and Guilt Questionnaire&rsquo;s Eisenhower (2007) were used to collect information. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance using SPSS software version 24. Results: Findings showed that there was a significant difference between the performance of control and experimental groups in improving parental attitude and reducing guilt in the post-test stage (p &lt;0.05). Also, the results of covariance analysis showed that Islamic resilience training has improved the subscales of parental attitudes (acceptance and affection, shame, failure, despair and extreme support) in mothers with blind children.Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that educating mothers based on Islamic resilience has had an effect on improving their attitude towards their children and reducing their guilt; Therefore, it can be used as an effective intervention method based on the culture and religion of the community. Manuscript profile
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        370 - برآورد نیاز آبی محصولات کشاورزی در استان خوزستان
        کاظم حمادی فاطمه ذاکرحسینی سید محسن حسین زاده ساداتی سروش اله دین
        یکی از گام های مؤثر در استفاده از منابع آب، برآورد صحیح مقدار آب مورد نیاز گیاهان می باشد، عدم برآورد صحیح این مقدار منجر به هدر رفت آب و عدم دستیابی به پتانسیل عملکرد مطلوب، کاهش پتانسیل تولید، تخریب منابع خاک با آبیاری زیاد و یا عدم آبشویی کافی و شور شدن خاک ها در اثر More
        یکی از گام های مؤثر در استفاده از منابع آب، برآورد صحیح مقدار آب مورد نیاز گیاهان می باشد، عدم برآورد صحیح این مقدار منجر به هدر رفت آب و عدم دستیابی به پتانسیل عملکرد مطلوب، کاهش پتانسیل تولید، تخریب منابع خاک با آبیاری زیاد و یا عدم آبشویی کافی و شور شدن خاک ها در اثر آبیاری کمتر از حد لزوم خواهد شد که این امر نهایتاً توسعه پایدار کشاورزی را به مخاطره خواهد انداخت. این مقاله با به کارگیری اطلاعات بیش از 40 ایستگاه، هواشناسی، تبخیرسنجی و سینوپتیک به محاسبه تبخیر و تعرق پتانسیل گیاه مرجع، بارندگی موثر، نیاز آبی گیاهان گندم، ذرت، نیشکر، هندوانه و گوجه پرداخته است و با اعمال راندمان های مختلف نیز نیاز آبی ناخالص محاسبه شد. از آن جایی که محاسبات به صورت نقطه ای و ایستگاهی انجام گرفته است؛ این یافته ها با استفاده از تکنیک های زمین آماری در محیط GIS در سطح استان خوزستان گسترش یافت. در نهایت نشان داده شد که بهبود مصرف در راندمان های پایین باعث کاهش نیاز آبی بیشتر نسبت به راندمان های بالاتر می شود و لذا مدیریت مصرف در گام های اولیه بازدهی بیش تری دارد. Manuscript profile
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        371 - تاثیر استفاده از سوپر جاذب، بر عملکرد و اجزا عملکرد ذرت دانه ای سینگل کراس 704 در شرایط آب و هوایی لرستان
        یدالله یوسفی فرد علی عصاره منوچهر کلهر
        کمبودآبیکیازمهمترینمشکلاتیاستکهدرمناطقخشکو نیمه خشکبهوفورتجربهمی شود.کمبودآب بهعنوانفاکتوریمحدودکننده،رشدوتوسعه یپوششگیاهیدراینمناطق رابامحدودیتروبرومی سازد. با توجه به اینکه ایران کشوری کم آب و خشک است، استفاده از راهکارهایی جهت کاهش مصرف آب و استفاده بهینه از مقدار آب More
        کمبودآبیکیازمهمترینمشکلاتیاستکهدرمناطقخشکو نیمه خشکبهوفورتجربهمی شود.کمبودآب بهعنوانفاکتوریمحدودکننده،رشدوتوسعه یپوششگیاهیدراینمناطق رابامحدودیتروبرومی سازد. با توجه به اینکه ایران کشوری کم آب و خشک است، استفاده از راهکارهایی جهت کاهش مصرف آب و استفاده بهینه از مقدار آب موجود، راه حل بسیاری از مشکلات خواهد بود. یکی از این &nbsp;راه کارها، استفاده از مواد سوپر جاذب جهت افزایش جذب و نگهداری آب است. در این تحقیق، تاثیر سوپر جاذب استاکوزورب بر حجم آب قابل مصرف برای یک دوره رشد، کارآیی مصرف آب و عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد ذرت دانه سینگل کراس 704 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی، شامل آبیاری کامل بر اساس عرف منطقه (1T )، تیمار کم آبیاری با مصرف75درصد نیاز آبی گیاه (2&nbsp; T) ، تیمار کم آبیاری به همراه مصرف سوپر جاذب (3(T و تیمار کم آبیاری به همراه مصرف سوپر جاذب و محلول پاشی سولو پتاس( 4&nbsp;T) بود.در اعمال سطوح آبیاری، آبیاری برای تیمار شاهد، هنگامی صورت گرفت که 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی تخلیه شده باشد. برای اعمال تیمار‌های کم آبیاری، تخلیه 75 درصد رطوبت FC مبنای کم آبیاری قرار گرفت. نتایج این مطاله نشان داد که استفاده از سوپر جاذب استاکوزورب بر عملکرد دانه، ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه، تعداد ردیف دانه در بلال، عملکرد بیولوژیک و وزن هزار دانه در سطح 5 درصد معنی دار می باشد. همچنین بیشترین کارایی مصرف آب، مربوط به تیمار 4 T و کمترین کارآیی مصرف آب، مربوط به تیمار 1 T می باشد. &nbsp;این نتایج&nbsp; نشان دهنده آن است که در صورت استفاده از پلیمر‌های سوپر جاذب، علاوه بر افزایش عملکرد محصول، کارآیی مصرف آب نیز افزایش پیدا می کند. Manuscript profile
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        372 - تأثیر زهکشی کنترل شده روی محصول نیشکر (مطالعه موردی اراضی کشت و صنعت نیشکر امام خمینی (ره))
        رحیم عنافچه یدالله یوسفی فرد عبدعلی ناصری حیدرعلی کشکولی
        حفظ تراز سطح ایستا بی در نزدیکی منطقه ریشه گیاه به منظور استفاده بهینه از آب آبیاری و تأمین رطوبت در منطقه ریشه، روش متداولی است که بیش از چند دهه مورد استفاده محققان قرارگرفته شده است. در این تحقیق امکان استفاده از روش زهکشی کنترل شده در شرایط آب و هوایی مرکز و جنوب اس More
        حفظ تراز سطح ایستا بی در نزدیکی منطقه ریشه گیاه به منظور استفاده بهینه از آب آبیاری و تأمین رطوبت در منطقه ریشه، روش متداولی است که بیش از چند دهه مورد استفاده محققان قرارگرفته شده است. در این تحقیق امکان استفاده از روش زهکشی کنترل شده در شرایط آب و هوایی مرکز و جنوب استان خوزستان در دو تیمار آزاد (FD) و کنترل شده (CD) بر روی گیاه نیشکر مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که شوری خاک تیمار آزاد در لایه (30-0) سانتی متر به اندازه 3/1 دسی زیمنس بر متر نسبت به لایه مشابه در تیمار کنترل شده افزایش شوری داشته. تغییرات شوری در دیگر لایه‌ها برای دو تیمار ناچیز بود. از نظر آب مصرفی، تیمار کنترل شده 38 درصد آب کمتری نسبت به تیمار آزاد مصرف نموده وکارآیی مصرف آب آبیاری در تیمار کنترل شده 3/41 درصد بیشتر از تیمار آزاد بود. از نظر تعداد دور آبیاری، تیمار کنترل شده 33 درصد نسبت به تیمار آزاد کمتر بود و از نظر مقدار نمک ورودی، تیمار کنترل شده معادل 36 درصد نسبت به تیمار آزاد کمتر است. از نظر مقدار نمک خروجی از زهکش‌ها، تیمار کنترل شده به میزان 53 درصد کمتر از تیمار آزاد گردید. عملکرد کمی محصول (تن در هکتار) تیمار کنترل شده به میزان 66/8 درصد از تیمار آزاد بیشتر بوده است و در عملکرد کیفی محصول تیمار کنترل شده در نسبت وزن شربت به وزن نی (EX) 9/15 درصد، در میزان قند موجود در شربت (POL) 01/6 درصد، در میزان مواد جامد محلول در شربت (Brix) 24/5 درصد، در درجه خلوص شربت یا میزان قند خالص 8/0 درصد از تیمار آزاد بیشتر شده است. Manuscript profile
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        373 - تعیین میزان بهره‌وری آب در زراعت کلزا در استان لرستان
        بهمن فریدونی مریم قربانی یداله یوسفی فرد
        کمبود آب به عنوان فاکتوری محدودکننده رشد و توسعه&shy;ی پوشش گیاهی برای مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک به عنوان یک محدودیت ذاتی برای این اقلیم&shy;ها به شمار می&shy;آید. با توجه به خشکسالی&shy;های متعدد در دو دهه اخیر در استان لرستان و همچنین مصرف بیش از حد آب در بخش کشاورزی باعث More
        کمبود آب به عنوان فاکتوری محدودکننده رشد و توسعه&shy;ی پوشش گیاهی برای مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک به عنوان یک محدودیت ذاتی برای این اقلیم&shy;ها به شمار می&shy;آید. با توجه به خشکسالی&shy;های متعدد در دو دهه اخیر در استان لرستان و همچنین مصرف بیش از حد آب در بخش کشاورزی باعث شد که مسئله بهره&shy;وری آب در بخش کشاورزی در این استان مهم و نیازمند بررسی&shy;های متعددی باشد. منابع آب در دنیا دارای محدودیت بوده و به علت افزایش جمعیت و تقاضای غذا، مصرف آب برای تولید محصولات کشاورزی نیز افزایش خواهد داشت. از طرفی با توجه به تجارت آب مجازی که به عنوان راهکاری نوین به منظور مقابله با کم آبی مطرح است، تولید محصولاتی که با نیاز آبی زیاد تولید می&shy;شوند، در مناطقی که با بحران آب مواجه هستند معقول به نظر نمی&shy;رسد. یکی از راهکارها برای بالا بردن کارآیی مصرف آب در بخش کشاورزی بالا بردن بهره&shy;وری فیزیکی محصولات زراعی می&shy;باشد. به همین علت تحقیقی در سال زراعی 96- 95 در شهرستان&shy;های خرم آباد، دوره چگنی و کوهدشت برای بررسی میزان بهره&shy;وری فیریکی آب و حجم آب مصرفی در کشت کلزا انجام گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که میانگین نرخ بهره&shy;وری فیزیکی آب در شرایط مدیریتی بهره&shy;برداران تحت پوشش پروژه، برای محصول کلزا برابراست با حداقل 5/0 و حداکثر 67/0 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب و میانگین 613/0 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب و میانگین حجم آب مصرفی در طول فصل رشد آن در شهرستان&shy;های خرم آباد، دوره چگنی و کوهدشت به ترتیب برابر است با 3588 و 2971&nbsp; و 3428متر مکعب در هکتار می&shy;باشد. Manuscript profile
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        374 - برآورد بهره وری سه محصول گندم، جو و ذرت دانه ای در خرمشهر
        ایمان هرمزی نژاد
        با توجه به اینکه ایران از جمله کشورهایی است که در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک قرار دارد و با کمبود منابع آب رو به رو است به همین دلیل استفاده بهینه از منابع آب در مصارف کشاورزی، مقابله ای در برابر خشکسالی خواهد بود. لذا لزوم اعمال برنامه ریزی دقیق تری برای استفاده بهینه از منا More
        با توجه به اینکه ایران از جمله کشورهایی است که در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک قرار دارد و با کمبود منابع آب رو به رو است به همین دلیل استفاده بهینه از منابع آب در مصارف کشاورزی، مقابله ای در برابر خشکسالی خواهد بود. لذا لزوم اعمال برنامه ریزی دقیق تری برای استفاده بهینه از منابع آب احساس می شود. در این بررسی ضمن مرور سایر نتایج موجود، مقدار شاخص کارایی مصرف آب غلات برای منطقه خرمشهر تعیین و با مقدار متوسط جهانی شاخص کارایی مصرف آب برای غلات مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده، میزان عملکرد محصول اولیه (کیلوگرم) و میزان حجم آب مصرفی (مترمکعب) برای تولید محصول، تعیین شده و در نهایت شاخص کارایی مصرف آب برای سه محصول گندم، ذرت و جو ضمن استفاده از داده های سه سال زراعی 1388تا1390محاسبه گردید. بر اساس نتایج حاصله متوسط مقدار کارایی مصرف آب محصولات زراعی گندم، جو و ذرت دانه ای به ترتیب 07/1، 02/1 و 35/1 کیلوگرم محصول بر متر مکعب آب مصرفی بدست آمد. Manuscript profile
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        375 - برآورد شاخص های کارایی مصرف آب کشاورزی در شبکه آبیاری گتوند
        بهنام شجاعی ستار کاظمی افشین سرکهکی علی عصاره
        در این پژوهش کارایی مصرف آب با دو شاخص عملکرد به ازای هر واحد آب مصرفی (CPD) و درآمد ناخالص به ازای هر واحد آب مصرفی برای محصولات الگوی کشت موجود&nbsp; شبکه آبیاری گتوند در شمال استان خوزستان، با استفاده از داده&shy; های واقعی الگوی کشت و با برآورد نیاز آبی در چهار سنار More
        در این پژوهش کارایی مصرف آب با دو شاخص عملکرد به ازای هر واحد آب مصرفی (CPD) و درآمد ناخالص به ازای هر واحد آب مصرفی برای محصولات الگوی کشت موجود&nbsp; شبکه آبیاری گتوند در شمال استان خوزستان، با استفاده از داده&shy; های واقعی الگوی کشت و با برآورد نیاز آبی در چهار سناریوی مختلف برای تحقق راندمان آبیاری، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین&nbsp; مقدار شاخص CPD مربوط به محصولات هویچ و چغندرقند بود. کمترین مقادیر CPD مربوط به محصولات&nbsp; کنجد و آفتابگردان به دست آمد. همینطور بیشترین مقدار شاخص BPD&nbsp; به ترتیب&nbsp; به محصولات توت&shy; فرنگی و بامیه اختصاص یافت. کمترین مقادیر BPD به ترتیب متعلق به محصولات زیتون و آفتابگردان بود. همچنین متوسط شاخص CPD شبکه آبیاری گتوند برای سناریوهای تحقق راندمان آبیاری 30، 35، 42 و 54 درصد، به ترتیب برابر 0.92، 1.08، 1.44، 1.85 کیلوگرم در مترمکب آب بدست آمد. مقادیر متوسط شاخص BPD شبکه آبیاری گتوند برای سناریوهای تحقق راندمان آبیاری 30، 35، 42 و 54 درصد،&nbsp; به ترتیب برابر 34699، 40482، 53326 و 68563 ریال در مترمکعب آب مصرفی بود. مطابق داده &shy;های موجود، مقدار متوسط درآمد در واحد سطح برای الگوی کشت منطقه برابر 451.6 میلیون ریال در هر هکتار حاصل گردید. Manuscript profile
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        376 - اثر بیوچار سبوس برنج و کم آبیاری بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و کارایی مصرف آب گیاه نعناع فلفلی
        انیس کوشکی افسانه عالی نژادیان عباس ملکی
        &nbsp; تنش&lrm;خشکی یکی از مهم‌ترین تنش‌های محیطی است که تولیدات محصولات کشاورزی را با مشکل روبرو می‌کند. در راستای بررسی اثر بیوچار حاصل از سبوس برنج بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی گیاه نعناع فلفلی آزمایشی در شرایط گلخانه به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با تیمارهای More
        &nbsp; تنش&lrm;خشکی یکی از مهم‌ترین تنش‌های محیطی است که تولیدات محصولات کشاورزی را با مشکل روبرو می‌کند. در راستای بررسی اثر بیوچار حاصل از سبوس برنج بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی گیاه نعناع فلفلی آزمایشی در شرایط گلخانه به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با تیمارهای سه سطح بیوچار (صفر، 3 و 6 تن در هکتار) و چهار سطح آبیاری (100 درصد آبیاری ( بدون تنش)، 60، 80 و 120 درصد آبیاری کامل، با چهار تکرار در آبان سال 98 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد با توجه به معنی&shy;دار شدن اثر برهم&lrm;کنش تیمارها بر وزن&lrm;تر برگ، بیش&lrm;ترین وزن&lrm;تر مربوط به سطح کاربرد 3 تن در هکتار بیوچار و تیمار 120 درصد آبیاری کامل به مقدار93/23 گرم در گلدان به&lrm;دست آمد. همچنین کم&lrm;ترین وزن&lrm;تر (03/13 گرم در گلدان) در سطح 3 تن در هکتار بیوچار و تیمار 60 درصد آبیاری کامل مشاهده گردید، درحالی‌که با تیمار شاهد تفاوت معنی&shy;داری نشان نداد. همچنین کاربرد 6 تن در هکتار بیوچار سبب افزایش معنی&shy;دار وزن خشک، ارتفاع، میزان آب مصرفی گیاه و کارایی مصرف آب به ترتیب به میزان 13/28، 73/10، 69/10 و 73/44 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. همچنین با کاهش اعمال سطوح مختلف آبیاری در سطح 60 درصد آبیاری کامل، وزن خشک، ارتفاع، مقدارآب مصرفی و کارایی مصرف آب گیاه در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد به ترتیب به میزان 89/39، 34/33، 69/14 و 46/29 درصد کاهش معنی&shy;داری نشان داد. Manuscript profile
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        377 - بررسی رژیم آبی جریان ورودی به تالاب بامدژ به منظور تدوین الگوی مدیریت محیط زیست پایدار
        معصومه کمالی کاظم حمادی فروزان فرخیان
        در سال&shy;های اخیر توسعه طرح&shy;های منابع آب و کشاورزی، توسعه جوامع انسانی، پدیده تغییر اقلیم و خشکسالی بیشترین اثرات محیط زیستی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی را در کشورهای در حال توسعه و حتی صنعتی بجا گذاشته است. تالاب بامدژ با وسعتی حدود 4000 هکتار در جنوب غرب خوزستان واقع شده More
        در سال&shy;های اخیر توسعه طرح&shy;های منابع آب و کشاورزی، توسعه جوامع انسانی، پدیده تغییر اقلیم و خشکسالی بیشترین اثرات محیط زیستی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی را در کشورهای در حال توسعه و حتی صنعتی بجا گذاشته است. تالاب بامدژ با وسعتی حدود 4000 هکتار در جنوب غرب خوزستان واقع شده که از رودخانه شاوور تغذیه می&shy;شود. به نظر می&shy;رسد مدیریت محیط زیست پایدار تالاب بستگی به شناخت عوامل محیطی شامل پارامترهای دخیل در تکوین جریان حوضه ی آبریز مشرف به آن دارد. این تالاب به همراه رودخانه شاوور میدان تحقیق حاضر را تشکیل می‌دهند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی رژیم کمی و کیفی جریان آب ورودی به تالاب بامدژ و ارائه یک الگوی مناسب مصرف آب به منظور بهبود مدیریت محیط زیست تالاب صورت گرفته است. در تحلیل مقدماتی به نظر رسید که سری سالانه جریان ورودی به تالاب از دو سری نمونه مجزا شکل گرفته است. در ادامه کار سری اولیه داده&shy;ها و دو سری نمونه به طور جداگانه تحلیل شده&shy;اند. جهت تحلیل آماری و نشان دادن تمایز دو سری نمونه از یکدیگر از نرم&shy;افزار آماری SPSS بهره&shy;گرفته شد. به تبع سری سالانه جریان، مقادیرکیفیت آن نیز مورد توجه قرار گرفته و به عبارتی برای پارامترهای کیفی همچون EC،TDS، مجموع کاتیون&shy;ها، مجموع آنیون&shy;ها وpH دو سری مجزا مطابق رژیم جریان و یک سری کلی استخراج و مورد تحلیل آماری قرار گرفتند. که اکثر نتایج نشانگر اختلاف معنی دار دو سری آماری بودند. بر این اساس یک الگوی مدیریتی محیط زیست تالاب با تاکید بر کمیت و کیفیت جریان ورودی به تالاب ارائه شد. این پارامترها شامل آبدهی قابل برنامه ریزی معادل 600 میلیون مترمکعب، نیاز شرب 3 میلیون مترمکعب، نیاز صنعت 7 میلیون مترمکعب، نیاز آبزی پروری 25 میلیون مترمکعب، نیاز کشاورزی 500 میلیون مترمکعب، نیاز زیست محیطی هیدرولوژیکی 142 میلیون مترمکعب می&shy;باشد. رعایت الگوی فوق ضمن تامین نیازهای بالا دست مانند کشاورزی و آبزی پروری، نیازهای زیست محیطی تالاب را تامین کرده و موجب پایداری سیستم تالاب می گردد. Manuscript profile
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        378 - بررسی اثرات اقتصادی نوسانات اقلیمی برآب مصرفی و تولید محصول گندم در استان خوزستان
        نرگس ظهرابی نصره حمادی رضا مقدسی
        در این تحقیق، تغییر در پارامترهای اقلیمی دما و بارش و&nbsp; تغییرات کمی آن&shy;ها برای منطقه خوزستان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. سپس اثر اقتصادی آنها&nbsp; بر آب مصرفی و همچنین بر درآمد خالص محصول گندم با بکارگیری روش ریکاردین بررسی شد. داده‌های سری زمانی دما و بارش دوره (13 More
        در این تحقیق، تغییر در پارامترهای اقلیمی دما و بارش و&nbsp; تغییرات کمی آن&shy;ها برای منطقه خوزستان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. سپس اثر اقتصادی آنها&nbsp; بر آب مصرفی و همچنین بر درآمد خالص محصول گندم با بکارگیری روش ریکاردین بررسی شد. داده‌های سری زمانی دما و بارش دوره (1388- 1345) در سه منطقه دزفول، اهواز و شادگان مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج تحلیل آماری با استفاده از آزمون من کندال نشان داد که روند در سری زمانی درجه حرارت به صورت افزایشی است. اما روند در سری زمانی بارش برای منطقه اهواز کاهشی بوده، در منطقه دزفول وجود روند تایید نگردید و برای ایستگاه شادگان روند کاهشی ضعیف دیده شد. افزایش نیاز آبی محصول گندم برای منطقه دزفول، اهواز و شادگان به ترتیب برابر 2106، 2500 و 3129 متر مکعب و به طور متوسط برابر 31% در 100 سال می&shy;باشد. کاهش بازده سالانه این محصول در اثر افزایش نیاز آب ناشی از نوسانات اقلیمی نیز برای منطقه دزفول، اهواز و شادگان به ترتیب برابر 24587، 19291 و 18360 ریال می&shy;باشد. همچنین نتایج مدل ریکاردین نشان داد که افزایش در دما و کاهش بارندگی تا 100 سال آینده باعث کاهش جمعا 57863 هزار ریال&nbsp; در بازده گندم به ازای هر هکتار می&shy;گردد. Manuscript profile
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        379 - بررسی مبادله آب مجازی و تأثیر آن بر بهره وری آب در اراضی تحت پوشش شبکه آبیاری و زهکشی میاناب شوشتر
        افشان فارغ زاده اصلان اگدرنژاد
        آب اولین و اساسی ترین عامل محدود کننده تولید محصولات کشاورزی است و بدون شک، بحران آب به عنوان یکی از چالش های بین المللی مورد توجه دولت ها و جوامع بشری می باشد. با توجه به اینکه آب مجازی برای اولین بار به عنوان راهی برای مقابله با کمبود آب در کشورهای دارای منابع آب محدو More
        آب اولین و اساسی ترین عامل محدود کننده تولید محصولات کشاورزی است و بدون شک، بحران آب به عنوان یکی از چالش های بین المللی مورد توجه دولت ها و جوامع بشری می باشد. با توجه به اینکه آب مجازی برای اولین بار به عنوان راهی برای مقابله با کمبود آب در کشورهای دارای منابع آب محدود مورد استفاده قرار گرفت، لذا کشورهای با آب کم باید به واردات مواد غذایی از کشورهای دارای آب فراوان به منظور صرفه جویی در منابع محدود آب بپردازند. بنابراین آب مجازی می تواند در کشورهای کم آب مانند ایران به عنوان راهکاری برای کاهش فشار بر منابع آب در نظر گرفت. لذا توجه به مقوله آب مجازی به عنوان راهکاری جهت مدیریت مصرف آب در شرایط بحرانی کم آبی می تواند ضروری به نظر برسد. هدف از این پژوهش، محاسبه آب مجازی محصولات کشاورزی بوده و پس از شناسایی جریان آب مجازی و برآورد میزان آن، شاخص های میزان صادرات، واردات و خالص مبادله آب مجازی، بهره وری، شدت مصرف آب در منطقه و وابستگی یا خودکفایی منطقه به آب مورد نیاز بررسی شده است. محصولات مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش، صیفی جات شامل خیار و گوجه فرنگی بوده که اطلاعات مورد نیاز از سال 1390 الی 1396 جمع آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد، صیفی جات جزء محصولات کم مصرف با بهره وری آب بالا قرار دارند و صادرات آب مجازی در مقایسه با واردات آب مجازی بیشتر بوده و خالص آب مبادله آب مجازی 32/7838- مترمکعب در هکتار است. همچنین شدت وابستگی به آب در منطقه پژوهش در طول دوره افزایشی بوده و در کل از نظر تأمین آب مورد نیاز برای تولید محصولات کشاورزی (خیار و گوجه فرنگی) خودکفا می باشد. Manuscript profile
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        380 - محاسبه بهره‎وری فیزیکی و حجم آب مصرفی در کشت چغندرقند و تاثیر آن بر آب‎های زیرزمینی در شرایط خشکسالی شهرستان کوهدشت
        منوجهر دانش زاد یداله یوسفی فرد مریم قربانی
        کمبود آب در آینده، دنیا را با بحران مدیریت منابع آب مواجه خواهد کرد. از دیرباز مصرف آب در بخش کشاورزی، به عنوان بزرگ&lrm;ترین متقاضی آب، ذهن خیلی از دست اندرکاران حوزه&shy;های اقتصادی، اجتماعی و سیاسی را به خود مشغول نموده است که&nbsp; به دنبال آن&nbsp; پژوهش&shy;هایی د More
        کمبود آب در آینده، دنیا را با بحران مدیریت منابع آب مواجه خواهد کرد. از دیرباز مصرف آب در بخش کشاورزی، به عنوان بزرگ&lrm;ترین متقاضی آب، ذهن خیلی از دست اندرکاران حوزه&shy;های اقتصادی، اجتماعی و سیاسی را به خود مشغول نموده است که&nbsp; به دنبال آن&nbsp; پژوهش&shy;هایی در زمینه&nbsp; بهره&lrm;وری و کارایی آن انجام گرفته شد. از طرفی با توجه به خشک&lrm;سالی های متعدد در دو ده اخیر در استان لرستان&nbsp; و همچنین مصرف بیش از حد آب در کشاورزی باعث شد که مسئله بهره&lrm;وری آب در بخش کشاورزی در این استان، مهم و نیازمند بررسی های متعددی باشد. به همین علت تحقیقی در سال زراعی 97-96 در شهرستان کوهدشت برای بررسی میزان بهره&lrm;وری فیریکی آب و حجم آب مصرفی در کشت چغندر قند انجام گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که میانگین نرخ بهره&shy;وری فیزیکی آب در شرایط مدیریتی بهره&shy;برداران تحت پوشش پروژه، برای محصول چغندر قند برابراست با 06/6 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب و حجم آب مصرفی در طول فصل رشد آن برابر است با 14841 مترمکعب می&lrm;باشد. در پایان پروژه و با توجه به نتایج به&lrm;دست آمده، توصیه&shy;های دقیق در جهت ارتقای بهره&lrm;وری و کاهش حجم آب مصرفی به&nbsp; بهره&shy;برداران ارائه گردید. Manuscript profile
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        381 - بررسی چگونگی مصرف و بهره‌وری آب در محصولات زراعی شهرستان دره شهر
        ناصر زینیوند ابوالفضل غدیری
        با&shy; توجه به کمبود و بحران آب، بهره&shy;وری آب کشاورزی نقش به&shy;سزا و پر اهمیتی را دارا می باشد؛ به&shy;طوری که محدودیت این ماده حیاتی باعث گردیده در خصوص چگونگی مصرف آن با وسواس هر چه بیشتری عمل شود. این موضوع نه تنها در کشور ما ایران، بلکه در کل جهان به عنوان یکی More
        با&shy; توجه به کمبود و بحران آب، بهره&shy;وری آب کشاورزی نقش به&shy;سزا و پر اهمیتی را دارا می باشد؛ به&shy;طوری که محدودیت این ماده حیاتی باعث گردیده در خصوص چگونگی مصرف آن با وسواس هر چه بیشتری عمل شود. این موضوع نه تنها در کشور ما ایران، بلکه در کل جهان به عنوان یکی از دغدغه&shy;های جاری سیاست&shy;گذاران بخش کشاورزی است؛ که این امر موجب گردیده به صورت منطقه&shy;ای نیز در راستا&shy;ی بهره_ وری آب اقداماتی به عمل آید. این تحقیق &nbsp;به منظور چگونگی مصرف و بهره&shy;وری آب در منطقه دره شهر طی 3 سال زراعی89-88، 90-89&nbsp; و&nbsp; 90-91&nbsp; انجام شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می&shy;دهد که CPD کلی محصولات زراعی شهرستان دره&shy;شهر برابر378/1 کیلو&shy;گرم بر متر مکعب می&shy;باشد. که در این میان محصول خیار با CPD 371/2 کیلو&shy;گرم بر متر مکعب دارای بیشترین، و محصول برنج با CPD 489/0 کیلو&shy;گرم بر متر مکعب دارای کمترین مقدار می&shy;باشد. Manuscript profile
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        382 - مطالعه شاخص بهره‌وری آب، در مزارع سیب زمینی دشت همدان ـ بهار
        محمد رضا قاسمی نژاد صفر معروفی
        محدودیت منابع آب، عدم برنامه&shy;ریزی آبیاری و استفاده نامطلوب از آب، عامل اصلی محدود کننده توسعه کشاورزی در ایران است. در این پژوهش، زمان و میزان آب آبیاری، به&shy;منظور افزایش بهره&shy;وری آب، در مزارع سیب&shy;زمینی دشت همدان &ndash; بهار، تعیین گردید. بدین منظور، سه More
        محدودیت منابع آب، عدم برنامه&shy;ریزی آبیاری و استفاده نامطلوب از آب، عامل اصلی محدود کننده توسعه کشاورزی در ایران است. در این پژوهش، زمان و میزان آب آبیاری، به&shy;منظور افزایش بهره&shy;وری آب، در مزارع سیب&shy;زمینی دشت همدان &ndash; بهار، تعیین گردید. بدین منظور، سه مزرعه سیب&shy;زمینی در بخش&shy;های مختلف دشت، در سال زراعی 90-1389 انتخاب و با استفاده از تانسیومتر و بلوک&shy;گچی، مصرف آب اندازه&shy;گیری شده و نهایتاً شاخص بهره&shy;وری آب (WUE) با استفاده از حجم آب مصرفی (W) و عملکرد محصول (Y) محاسبه شد. بر اساس اندازه&shy;گیری&shy;های انجام شده، حداقل و حداکثر میزان آب مصرفی، در مزارع تیمار، به&shy;ترتیب 4481 و 7500 مترمکعب و نیز در مزارع شاهد نیز، به&shy;ترتیب 5092 و 8279 مترمکعب در هکتار بوده است. نتایج نشان داد که با آموزش برنامه&shy;ریزی صحیح مصرف آب، عملکرد محصول سیب&shy;زمینی به مقدار قابل ملاحظه&shy;ای (13 درصد) افزایش، می&shy;یابد. این افزایش، با کاهش 1/13 درصد میزان آب مصرفی در تمامی مزارع مورد مطالعه همراه بوده&shy;است و در نتیجه کارایی مصرف آب نیز 29 درصد افزایش یافت. نتایج نشان داد که می‌توان از تانسیومتر به&shy;عنوان یک ابزار مناسب جهت بهبود مدیریت آبیاری با آموزش آن به زارعین استفاده نمود. Manuscript profile
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        383 - ارزشگذاری منابع آب زیرزمینی در مصارف کشاورزی، مطالعه موردی: شهرستان بیجار
        سمیه ذوالفقاری احمد قیدی
        بخش کشاورزی از اهمیت ویژه ای در شهرستان بیجار برخوردار است. عمده ترین منبع تأمین کننده آب بخش کشاورزی در این منطقه، منابع آب زیرزمینی می باشد که به دلیل بهره برداری بیش از حد از آن، میزان افت سالانه سطح این منابع قابل توجه است. بنابراین محاسبه ارزش اقتصادی هر واحد آب و More
        بخش کشاورزی از اهمیت ویژه ای در شهرستان بیجار برخوردار است. عمده ترین منبع تأمین کننده آب بخش کشاورزی در این منطقه، منابع آب زیرزمینی می باشد که به دلیل بهره برداری بیش از حد از آن، میزان افت سالانه سطح این منابع قابل توجه است. بنابراین محاسبه ارزش اقتصادی هر واحد آب و محاسبه اثرات جنبی برداشت بیش از حد از منابع آب زیرزمینی در این منطقه از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. بدین منظور در این مطالعه برای برآورد ارزش اقتصادی منابع آب زیرزمینی در مصارف کشاورزی، از روش ارزشگذاری مشروط (CVM) استفاده گردید که با توجه به عدم وجود بازار مشخصی برای آب کشاورزی&nbsp; در ایران و همچنین با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده ازمیزان تمایل به پرداخت، برای برآورد سهم آب مصرفی بر درآمد تولید کنندگان&nbsp; تابع تولید مناسب تخمین زده شد. داده های مورد نیاز از یک نمونه تصادفی مشتمل بر 110 کشاورز در سال آبی 1390 به دست آمد. نتایج حاصل از محاسبات حاکی از آن بود که، میانگین تمایل به پرداخت&nbsp; حقیقی زارعین در ازای هر مترمکعب آب مصرفی مزرعه در شرایط معمولی بارندگی و خشکسالی به ترتیب، 44/274 و 573 تومان می باشد. همچنین مازاد رفاه مصرف کنندگان آب کشاورزی (کشاورزان) در شرایط معمولی و خشکسالی به ترتیب، 16/594 و 23/3553 تومان کاهش می یابد. Manuscript profile
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        384 - ارائه راهکارهای عملی جهت کاهش مصرف آب شهری مشهد
        وحید یزدانی الهام یاری هادی نجف زاده سمانه توکلی امینیان سپیده یکه باش
        رشد و توزیع مجدد جمعیت و تغییر الگوهای تولید و مصرف، دو عاملی هستند که آسیب&shy;پذیری یک منطقه، بخش&shy;های اقتصادی و یا گروه&shy;های جمعیتی را نسبت به منابع آب تعریف می&shy;کنند. تحقیق حاضر بر اساس تجربیات سایر کشورها پیشنهاداتی جهت کاهش مصرف آب ارائه و با توجه به شرای More
        رشد و توزیع مجدد جمعیت و تغییر الگوهای تولید و مصرف، دو عاملی هستند که آسیب&shy;پذیری یک منطقه، بخش&shy;های اقتصادی و یا گروه&shy;های جمعیتی را نسبت به منابع آب تعریف می&shy;کنند. تحقیق حاضر بر اساس تجربیات سایر کشورها پیشنهاداتی جهت کاهش مصرف آب ارائه و با توجه به شرایط شهر مشهد میزان تاثیرگذاری آن ارائه شده است. همچنین بر اساس تئوری بازی&shy;ها، شروط لازم برای رسیدن به ائتلافی پایدار ارائه شده است. بر اساس نتایج حاصله با اصلاح خطوط آبرسانی فرسوده می&shy;توان از هدر رفت حدود 35 تا 52 میلیون مترمکعب آب تصفیه شده در سال جلوگیری نمود؛ هرچند این راهکار مستلزم برنامه&shy;ریزی گسترده، صرف هزینه&shy;های گزاف و نیز فرایندی زمان&shy;بر است. در صورتیکه بتوان در 10 الی 20 درصد از مصارف شهری، پساب تصفیه شده را جایگزین آب تصفیه شده نمود، در نهایت می&shy;توان حدود 5/17 تا 35 میلیون مترمکعب در سال آب شرب را ذخیره کرد. راهکارهای عنوان شده نظیر راهکارهای آموزشی، فرهنگ&shy;سازی، به منظور کاهش مصرف آب در بخش خانگی (بزرگترین مصرف&shy;کننده آب تصفیه شده با 81 درصد) راهکارهایی کوتاه مدت و نسبتاً کم هزینه&shy;تری هستند اگر این راهکارها بطور متوسط منجر به کاهش مصرف در بخش خانگی به میزان 15 تا 20 درصد شود، در نهایت 21 تا 28 میلیون در سال صرفه&shy;جویی در مصرف آب شهری خواهیم داشت. در حال حاضر تنها 20 درصد از آب مورد نیاز در فضای سبز از منابع آب شرب تأمین می&shy;شود که این میزان حدود چهار میلیون مترمکعب در سال می&shy;باشد. بنابراین با جایگزین نمودن این میزان با آب غیرشرب می&shy;تواند سالیانه چهار میلیون مترمکعب آب شرب ذخیره نمود. در صورتی که راهکارهایی به منظور کاهش مصرف در بخش صنعتی و تجاری موثر واقع شده و حدود 10 تا 20 درصد کاهش مصرف آب در این دو بخش را به دنبال داشته باشند، در نهایت منجر به صرفه&shy;جویی میزان 5/1 تا 3 میلیون مترمکعب آب در سال خواهند شد. Manuscript profile
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        385 - the effect of brand equity and consumer attitude toward advertising to create competitive advantage (case study of 5 star hotels on kish island )
        Alireza Rousta Elham Bahrami
        Today all economic activities are engaged in competition, so every economic enterprise is trying to create a competitive advantage in the hospitality field this concept is of special importance. The brand's special value and the consumer attitudes are two key factors in More
        Today all economic activities are engaged in competition, so every economic enterprise is trying to create a competitive advantage in the hospitality field this concept is of special importance. The brand's special value and the consumer attitudes are two key factors in creating competitive advantage, therefore, in this paper, the effect of brand-specific value on competitive advantage with consumer attitudes toward advertising and with an applied approach in five-star hotels in Kish is investigated. Were extracted based on theoretical foundations of conceptual model. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of 25 questions. First, the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts ' viewpoints in terms of content validity. Then, construct validity was performed using confirmatory factor analysis technique. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability were calculated to assess the reliability. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 859.0 questionnaire was calculated and the CR value of all variables was obtained above 7/0. The statistical population of this study consisted of all passengers of five star hotels in Kish, and the questionnaire was assigned to 490 passengers. Structural equation modeling and LISREL software were used to test the research hypotheses. The results showed that brand awareness, consumer attitudes toward advertising, perceived quality, brand loyalty, and brand Association have an impact on competitive advantage. Also, the results showed that the brand's special value on the consumer attitudes to the advertisement has a positive and significant impact, and the consumer attitude toward advertising has a mediating role in the relationship between brand value and competitive advantage. Manuscript profile
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        386 - Designing a Causal Model of Water Consumption Management Using the FDelphi-FDANP Hybrid Approach (Case Study of Mazandaran Water & Wastewater company)
        habibollah dadashi ali Sorayaei seyed ali Nabavi Chashmi
        10.30495/imj.2021.681899
        Limitations of drinking water resources, the country's dry and water shortage, population growth and demand, improper water consumption in recent decades and unbalanced temporal and spatial distribution of water resources are very important. The need to change the metho More
        Limitations of drinking water resources, the country's dry and water shortage, population growth and demand, improper water consumption in recent decades and unbalanced temporal and spatial distribution of water resources are very important. The need to change the methods of managing drinking water demand and anticipate new demands has increased by analyzing the Effective factors water consumption. The purpose of this article is to provide a model for prioritizing water consumption management strategies in the home sector. Information was collected through library research in this field and interviews with water industry experts. Then, by sampling snowballs to form a Delphi panel with a fuzzy approach, the factors that were more comprehensive were identified that finally They agreed 7 main factors economic, social, cultural, technical and engineering, legal and managerial, Place and Time with 26 effective sub-criteria. To evaluate the degree of importance and relationship between factors and prioritization of sub-criteria using fuzzy DANP technique. The results showed that the main factor technical and engineering factors with the degree of importance (0.144), time (0.790) and cultural (0.040) as an effective have a significant impact on water consumption and the effective sub-criteria are diversification in supply, per capita income, population, consumer interests, tariffs and pricing, length of stay at home, consumption motivation, infrastructure level, female employment, network pressure and modify consumption patterns programs. Manuscript profile
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        387 - A dynamic model for the optimal and sustainable development of the use of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses in Tehran
        Seyed Jamalaldin Razavinasab Mahdi Fadaei Ashkiki Mahdi Homayounfar Maryam Ooshaksaraie
        10.30495/imj.2022.1943498.1703
        Energy consumption management is essential because the natural resources should be preserved for the future people, and environment, the economy and the energy security of the country are also considered. Air pollution in Tehran has increased very much and thousands of More
        Energy consumption management is essential because the natural resources should be preserved for the future people, and environment, the economy and the energy security of the country are also considered. Air pollution in Tehran has increased very much and thousands of people die every year because of it. In addition, the supply of diesel fuel under the current political circumstances of the country and the allocation of high value of subsidies to it have become a big problem for the government; the use of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) buses for public transportation can be a solution to this problem. However, the CNG buses are not widely used in recent years. Based on historical approaches and using system dynamics (SD), the factors and feedback affecting the sustainable increase in the number CNG buses are identified in this paper and a dynamic model is introduced for the optimal and sustainable development of CNG buses. The model was validated and a 10-year period was simulated; according to the results, if the government does not increase the rate of its purchased CNG buses, the rate of the CBG buses being used now will be reduced from 38 percent to 14 percent in 2032. If 282 new CNG buses are purchased annually, the number of CNG buses and the number of diesel buses will be almost the same in 2032. Accordingly, fuel pollution produced by the buses and the fuel subsidies will be reduced. Manuscript profile
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        388 - Explanation a model for identifying the fundamental components of consumers' impulse buying behavior With emphasis on ethics in sales using Fuzzy Best-Worst Method (FBWM) technique (Case Study: Refah Chain Stores)
        Salman Abbasi Siar Mohammadali Keramati mohammadreza motadel
        10.30495/imj.2021.686121
        Due to the prevalence of impulse buying behavior among consumers, its academic studies have increased over the last decade. Because of the sales should be high in stores, the study of consumer behavior in impulse buying should be considered by researchers and store mana More
        Due to the prevalence of impulse buying behavior among consumers, its academic studies have increased over the last decade. Because of the sales should be high in stores, the study of consumer behavior in impulse buying should be considered by researchers and store managers. The purpose of this paper is to identify the key factors of consumer behavior in impulse buying with emphasis on ethics in sales using fuzzy screening technique and weighting and prioritizing factors using the best-worst fuzzy method. The population and the statistical sample include 15 modeling experts and academic professors who are fluent in impulse buying and marketing topics After a thorough review of the theoretical foundations and research background, 6 dimensions and 40 indicators were identified. The innovation of the present study is that fuzzy logic and multi-attribute decision-building method have been used to identify and prioritize the components of ethics in Impulse buying sales. The results of fuzzy screening showed, ethics factors in sales; physical; social; temporal; regulatory and individual, as selected dimensions of fuzzy screening along with 21 indicators were selected by experts. Also, the results of weighting the dimensions with the best-worst fuzzy technique showed that the ethics factor in sales was the most important dimension of impulse buying and the individual factor was ranked second, and physical, social, temporal and regulatory factors were ranked third to sixth, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        389 - Designing a consumer behavior strategy model in Iran's start-up industry
        mona falsafi fard
        There is limited knowledge about consumer behavior, particularly their choices regarding purchasing and using products and services offered by startups in developing countries. This article aims to create a strategic model of consumer behavior in selecting enjoyable pro More
        There is limited knowledge about consumer behavior, particularly their choices regarding purchasing and using products and services offered by startups in developing countries. This article aims to create a strategic model of consumer behavior in selecting enjoyable products based on factors influencing services in startups within the country. The approach taken in the article is qualitative and practical. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews, employing the database theory strategy, which includes open-centered and selective coding methods. The fundamental model of this theory was utilized to derive the model presented in the article. Snowball sampling, a targeted sampling method, was employed for participant selection to achieve theoretical saturation. The article's findings show a validated and well-fitted model comprising six primary categories or dimensions: pleasurable shopping motivations, store characteristics, individual characteristics, communication strategies, customer loyalty, and 23 sub-dimensions. The study reveals that pleasurable incentives contribute value to consumers, ultimately enhancing startup companies' marketing strategies for their products' growth and success. Manuscript profile
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        390 - A Survey on Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Respect for Consumers Rights (Case Study: Banking System in Bukan City)
        Loghman Ebrahimi Ahmad Mansori Loghman Rahmani Ahmadabadi
        In the current conditions, Compliance environmental, social and moral issues for various organizations is more than a slogan and recommendation and has tended to operation. The concept of social responsibility as one of the responsibilities of organizations finds its pl More
        In the current conditions, Compliance environmental, social and moral issues for various organizations is more than a slogan and recommendation and has tended to operation. The concept of social responsibility as one of the responsibilities of organizations finds its place. This concept not as part of the legal responsibilities of organizations now, but as a custom or tradition is Considered. The purpose of this study is Survey relationship between corporate social responsibility and respect for consumer&rsquo;s rights in Bukan city's banking system. This study based on the purpose of research is the applied research and based on a method of research is a descriptive survey. To test the research hypotheses, a sample 388 people of citizens and a sample 81 staffs of a bank, were selected by simple random sampling. In this study, a questionnaire was used for data collection. The results show that all aspects of social responsibility (economic, legal, ethical and charitable donations) has a positive and significant correlation with consumer rights. The results of the relationship between social responsibility and the rights of the consumer indicate a relatively strong relationship between these two variables. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        391 - The association of perceived social support and emotional self-regulation with relapse of drug usage in women
        katayoon elahi mohammad reza saffarian toosi
        This research aimed to investigate the association of perceived social support and emotional self-regulation with relapse of drug usage in women. This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical population of research included all woman narcoti More
        This research aimed to investigate the association of perceived social support and emotional self-regulation with relapse of drug usage in women. This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical population of research included all woman narcotics anonymous who had undergone detoxification of Mashhad city in 2017 year. From them 103 person were selected by available sampling method and all of them completed the questionnaires of perceived social support (Zimet and et al, 1988), emotional self-regulation (Garnefski and et al, 2001) and temptation of post-detoxification craving (Fadardi and et al, 2008). Data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with stepwise model methods. The findings of correlation showed perceived social support, positive emotional regulation strategies and negative emotional regulation strategies had a negative and significant relationship with relapse of drug usage in women. Also the finding of regression showed the variables of positive emotional regulation strategies and perceived social support can predict 12/1 percent of variance of relapse of drug usage in women (P&lt;0/05). According to the results, it is suggested counselors and psychologists of addiction treatment centers to prevent of relapse of drug usage in women improve the perceived social support and emotional self-regulation of them. Manuscript profile
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        392 - The compare attention, memory and social support in people with substance abuse and Normal in Tabriz
        Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei Raheleh Mohammadnezhad Ashraf Karami Hanieh Kharazi Notash
        Background: Cognitive impairments are the most important signs of substance abuse. The aim of this study was to compare attention and memory in Narcotic Substance Abusers and Normal people in the city of Tabriz. Methods: The study was a descriptive study with causal-co More
        Background: Cognitive impairments are the most important signs of substance abuse. The aim of this study was to compare attention and memory in Narcotic Substance Abusers and Normal people in the city of Tabriz. Methods: The study was a descriptive study with causal-comparative method. The study sample included all men Substance Abusers referred to addiction treatment centers in Tabriz city was formed in Semester of 2016. The sample consisted of 40 people with drug addicted and 40 non-addicted subjects. For data collection, analysis and continuous performance test computer memory boards were used. The data were analyzed in Spss version 21 using with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results: The result showed that the group with drug abuse was significantly different in CPT Beck than the normal group (p&le;0.05). This means that attention and memory performance in individuals with substance abuse is weaker than normal people. Conclusions: It can be stated that substance abuse is a disturbance in attention and memory functions. Manuscript profile
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        393 - Predictors of opium in adolescents: individual, family and social factors
        Hasan Rezaei jamaloei Shima Mansourifar Mahdi taheri Sajad Aminimanesh
        Considering the risks of opium use among adolescents and Need to identify the components and dimensions of these behaviors In order to design appropriate and effective interventions, the aim of this study was conducted to determine the predictors of Opium Use (Individua More
        Considering the risks of opium use among adolescents and Need to identify the components and dimensions of these behaviors In order to design appropriate and effective interventions, the aim of this study was conducted to determine the predictors of Opium Use (Individual, family and social) among students. The research method was descriptive correlational. The statistical population of the study was all male high school students in Isfahan in 1397, who were selected using the cluster random sampling method of 201 people and were evaluated by the drug consumption profile and the drug status status questionnaire. The research instruments included the standard questionnaire of drug consumption profile (Mohammadkhani, 2007) and the questionnaire on the status of drug use (Mohammadkhani, 2006). Data analysis results were performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. The results correlation coefficient showed that were significant positive correlation betweenOpium Use in a lifetime with components Attitudes toward drug use, hopelessness, sensation seeking, impulsivity, family conflict, parental attitudes to drugs, family monitoring, irregularities social environment, a sense of commitment to school and school psychosocial environment of profile of risk use drug (p&lt;./05) .Also the resultsStepwise regression analysis showed that Components of attitudes to drug usepredictive variance Opium Use in a lifetime with components to explain the 47 percent. Also attitudes toward drug use and hopelessness 17 percent of variance the opium use in the past month and 17 percent of variance the opium use in the past 12 monthpredictive and explain. According to the resultscan be saidopium Use by adolescents is a multi-factor and multi-level and Major factors determining there are At multiple levels: individual, social and family that Should for intervention, prevention, control opium are be considered. Manuscript profile
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        394 - Rumi's Mystical Interpretations Of The Qur'anic Story Of Joseph In Masnavi
        Ali Hatami malehmohammad farookhzad
        One of the reasons for the formation of mystical language is an interpretive approach in Qur'an. because expressed much of the concepts in the form of stories in Qur'an. one of these stories is the story of prophet Yusuf. according to Qur'an, Yusuf Surah, Joseph's life More
        One of the reasons for the formation of mystical language is an interpretive approach in Qur'an. because expressed much of the concepts in the form of stories in Qur'an. one of these stories is the story of prophet Yusuf. according to Qur'an, Yusuf Surah, Joseph's life is full of bitter and sweet events . Rumi has spiritual harvest various events in the life of Joseph and he has used many of the events and characters in code and allegory in Masnavi. is tried in this research that discover and express these mystical interpretations of symbols and allegories and For this purpose first the story of Joseph in Qur'an were studied and then was written main text based on historical events. Joseph in Masnavi is symbol of a spirit that be caught in the dark well of body then it comes out from this well with God's grace sling and goes toward egypt perfection. dreams and their interpretations are referring to the mystical intuition of Joseph mystic and the perfect man, in Rumi 's opinion dream is a window to the world of intuition and inspiration that liberates the soul from the prison of body and the world. and Zulaykha is symbol of a wayfarer that arrives to true love from virtual love bridge and arrives to the fountainhead of truth from the manifestation of the beauty of God that is Joseph as a perfect human. Manuscript profile
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        395 - A review of the role of perilipin in fatty liver with an exercise approach
        Nafiseh Sadeghi Saleh Rahmati
        10.30495/pah.2023.2001305.1064
        The benefits of physical activity in individuals with fatty liver disease are widely acknowledged. Fatty liver disease occurs when an excessive amount of fat builds up in liver cells, resulting in inflammation and potential long-term liver damage. Perilipin, a protein p More
        The benefits of physical activity in individuals with fatty liver disease are widely acknowledged. Fatty liver disease occurs when an excessive amount of fat builds up in liver cells, resulting in inflammation and potential long-term liver damage. Perilipin, a protein present in fat cells, plays a crucial role in regulating lipid metabolism, including the storage and breakdown of triglycerides. It has been scientifically proven that regular physical exercise has a positive impact on the connection between perilipin and fatty liver, creating a healthier environment for the liver. Physical activity enhances the expression and activity of perilipin, aiding in the release of stored triglycerides from liver cells. This allows for their metabolism and utilization as fuel during physical activity. Furthermore, physical activity stimulates lipolysis, the process of breaking down stored fat into free fatty acids, which can then be utilized for energy production. By increasing the activity of perilipin, this process is facilitated, preventing excessive accumulation of triglycerides in liver cells. Regular physical activity also increases energy expenditure and assists with weight management, as overweight and obesity are significant risk factors for the development and progression of fatty liver disease. The present study aims to investigate the relationships between perilipin, fatty liver, and the positive effects of physical activity on these interactions. Manuscript profile
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        396 - Prediction of Residual Gas Consumption using Temperature and Population of ConsumersUse case : Residual Consumers of Karaj
        Masoud Akbari Mahdi Asghari Aliakbar Imami Satlou Parham Davari Shahnaz Salamat Thani Nahid Taherian Mansour Gholinejda
        Natural gas has a vital role as energy supplier in Iranian residual regions. According to reports of manager of dispatching department of National Iranian Gas Company, residual consumers had a share of 70 percentage of all manufactured natural gas, on cold days of 2021. More
        Natural gas has a vital role as energy supplier in Iranian residual regions. According to reports of manager of dispatching department of National Iranian Gas Company, residual consumers had a share of 70 percentage of all manufactured natural gas, on cold days of 2021. Also about 88 percentage of the country's electricity is supplied by fossil fuels, based on the report of Water and Electricity Industry. All of these statistics warn us about the importance of residential gas management. In this article, a nonlinear regression model was produced based on temperature and population of residential consumers in different periods of year. Also consumptions of residential consumers of Karaj city used to evaluate performance of the model. Results show that there is a meaningful correlation between selected features and consumed amount of natural gas that can help us to predict consumption more accurate in future. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        397 - Thermodynamic analysis of two dual-purpose compression refrigeration systems with eco-friendly refrigerants in different climates
        Alireza Zarabadi Mostafa Mafi
        In this study, two types of dual-purpose compression refrigeration systems including single-compressor and dual-compressor (cascade) with different eco-friendly refrigerants to achieve two temperature ranges above zero and below zero have been investigated. The purpose More
        In this study, two types of dual-purpose compression refrigeration systems including single-compressor and dual-compressor (cascade) with different eco-friendly refrigerants to achieve two temperature ranges above zero and below zero have been investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the annual energy consumption of dual-purpose refrigeration systems with eco-friendly refrigerants and also to investigate the parameters affecting the efficiency of these systems. Studies have shown that the cascade system has a higher efficiency than single-compressor system and the best refrigerant in terms of performance in this system is R290. It was also found that in the single-compressor system only R134a refrigerant is applicable and the other refrigerants in the evaporator create pressure under atmospheric pressure. Also, this system is only applicable in hot and humid climates for all seasons of the year, while the cascade system is applicable in all seasons of the year and in all climates. Comparison of these two systems shows that assuming the total load capacity of the refrigerator is constant, increasing the cooling load in the low temperature range leads to increased energy consumption of the cascade system. Also founded that the annual energy consumption of cascade system is 7% lower than single compressor in the case of equal distribution of cooling load between two temperature ranges. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        398 - Management of energy consumption in buildings using renewable materials and new materials in hot and dry climates
        seyed esmaeil sadati saeed moghimi mahdi ezadi
        Saving energy is one of the most important challenges in the world today. In recent years, growing concerns about the environmental consequences of energy consumption and global warming have doubled in importance. On the other hand, the share of the construction sector More
        Saving energy is one of the most important challenges in the world today. In recent years, growing concerns about the environmental consequences of energy consumption and global warming have doubled in importance. On the other hand, the share of the construction sector in the energy consumption of countries is significant and for this reason, in recent decades, in most industrialized countries, basic measures have been taken to improve consumption patterns, using various tools such as regulations. One of the most important energy consumed is electrical energy, which is one of the most basic energy sources of buildings and plays an important role. The complex problems and processes of electricity generation and transmission, the pollution generated by the production of fossil fuels, and other cases have prompted researchers to seek solutions to reduce energy consumption or, in other words, optimize energy consumption. In this study, some practical solutions to move towards energy saving have been investigated and the effect of using materials with different heat transfer coefficients in external walls according to Semnan weather conditions on the modeled building and to analyze the cooling and heating load of the building. Compared with renewable materials. Finally, the external wall, using a 20 cm straw block, has reduced the annual energy consumption compared to perforated pottery, autoclaved concrete, and Article 19 of the National Regulations has resulted in 3%, 0.6%, and 2.76%, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        399 - Comparing the organic Rankine and Kalina cycles to use the waste energy of the cascade refrigeration cycle to reduce power consumption
        Mohsen Mahdavi Adeli Seyed Omidreza Mousavi
        In this article, a new integrated system is presented to prevent energy loss and reduce power consumption. In this system, the cascade refrigeration cycle (cooling production cycle), organic Rankine cycle (power production cycle), and Kalina cycle (power production cycl More
        In this article, a new integrated system is presented to prevent energy loss and reduce power consumption. In this system, the cascade refrigeration cycle (cooling production cycle), organic Rankine cycle (power production cycle), and Kalina cycle (power production cycle) are used. The cascade refrigeration cycle is combined with the mentioned power generation cycles employing a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has the role of a condenser for the cascade refrigeration cycle and the role of an evaporator for the power generation cycles. After producing cooling at a low temperature (-45&deg;C) by the cascade refrigeration cycle, the generated heat in the cascade refrigeration cycle is utilized in the evaporator of the organic Rankine or Kalina cycles to produce the required steam instead of being wasted. The results showed that by using the organic Rankine and Kalina cycles, the power consumption of the cascade refrigeration cycle is reduced by 20.13 % and 14.06 %, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        400 - The effect of using air gaps in the walls on reducing the energy consumption of a residential building
        Seyed Ali Mousavi Navaee Ali Falavand Jozaei Ashkan Ghafouri Mohsen Mahdavi Adeli
        Reducing energy consumption is of great importance today, considering that residential buildings have a significant contribution to energy consumption, so strategies to reduce energy consumption in this sector can have a great impact on reducing energy consumption in co More
        Reducing energy consumption is of great importance today, considering that residential buildings have a significant contribution to energy consumption, so strategies to reduce energy consumption in this sector can have a great impact on reducing energy consumption in countries. In this paper, the energy analysis of a building has been done using the effects of using air gaps in the walls on the amount of energy consumption reduction. In order to check the results, the building design stages were first simulated using AutoCAD maps in DesignBuilder software, and EnergyPlus engine was used for energy calculations. To investigate the effect of using air gap in walls on reducing energy consumption, three different thicknesses of air gap (1cm, 2.5cm and 5cm) were analyzed. The results of energy simulation for these three different walls with the base wall show that the use of air gaps has reduced the total energy consumption and heating and cooling loads in different months of the year in the building, so that the monthly cooling load of the building in the hottest month of the year is 10.3, 12.8 and 14%, and in the coldest month of the year, Also, the annual heating load consumption of the building decreases by 25.7, 30.9, and 33.6 percent, respectively, and the annual cooling load decreases by 8.3, 10, and 10.9 percent, respectively, which is a significant percentage considering the high annual cooling energy consumption of the building. Manuscript profile
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        401 - Urban policy to optimize energy consumption with regard to natural ventilation (Case study: optimal orientation of residential buildings based on the angles included in the detailed plan of Shiraz city)
        Tahereh Nasr Arash Bostanian
        In recent decades, urban policy-making has been raised as a significant and scientific topic in major cities of the world, and it has received several attentions from urban studies. One of the topics that is not paid attention to in climate approaches, especially in sus More
        In recent decades, urban policy-making has been raised as a significant and scientific topic in major cities of the world, and it has received several attentions from urban studies. One of the topics that is not paid attention to in climate approaches, especially in sustainable architecture, is the consideration of solar energy in buildings, but a lot of attention to solar energy has unfortunately caused that to some extent other renewable energies such as Wind energy and its significant impact on natural ventilation are passively neglected. Paying attention to this case can be taken into consideration by the officials in order to pay attention to the optimization of energy consumption in urban policy making. One of the effective solutions in this field is the use of natural ventilation in residential buildings, determining a suitable direction for creating blinds and receiving wind with positive pressure and benefiting from this influential climatic element in the interior spaces of the building. In this research, an attempt was made to investigate and simulate natural ventilation conditions in residential buildings in Shiraz using Vasari energy simulation software, and parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, wind temperature, and other influencing factors were investigated. and be analyzed. According to the results of the simulation and examination of the twenty-year average of the climatic indicators of Shiraz city, it can be said that if the issues related to natural ventilation and the creation of blinds in the building are considered and the optimal orientation angle can be obtained from solar energy and Also, use wind energy to reduce the load on the building's mechanical facilities throughout the year. that the optimization of energy consumption has been done and in the scale of residential buildings in the metropolis of Shiraz, it can lead to the reduction of fossil fuel consumption to a significant extent. Manuscript profile
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        402 - Reviewing customer delight, extracting influential themes: customer delight in the sports industry
        farid ganji Sardar Mohammadi
        10.30495/kmsj.2023.1972674.1052
        The concept of delight Jupiter was introduced to academic literature about 20 years ago. Since then, many academics have studied this structure in different contexts. Unfortunately, there has been no systematic review of delight, so the purpose of this research is a com More
        The concept of delight Jupiter was introduced to academic literature about 20 years ago. Since then, many academics have studied this structure in different contexts. Unfortunately, there has been no systematic review of delight, so the purpose of this research is a comprehensive review of this structure. The main goals of this review include determining the general themes of the current delight literature, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the delight literature to date, and creating a research plan that provides guidance for increasing the scope and depth of delight research. A systematic review of literature has been done to cover what is evident about delight from an interdisciplinary perspective such as hospitality, economics, operations management and marketing. The current study was of a secondary type and a review and review of first-hand sources and articles in this field. For the purpose of detailed study, the researcher investigated the sources of delight Jupiter in the sports and public sector from 2019 to 2022. This is an outstanding move in the literature because the customer satisfaction structure has important implications for both practitioners and researchers in the field. In addition, changes have been made in the way of understanding, examining and applying the structure of delight. In order to achieve further improvements, a clear understanding of customer satisfaction research is necessary. Manuscript profile
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        403 - Analyzing the components of brand positioning in the minds of Muslim consumers
        moslem rezaie Seyyed Hassan Hataminasab shahnaz nayebzadeh
        Purpose: The increasing number of Muslims and the need to adapt and match the products with the preferences of Muslim consumers, requires the identification of brand positioning components for this type of consumers, which has not been studied in this important issue by More
        Purpose: The increasing number of Muslims and the need to adapt and match the products with the preferences of Muslim consumers, requires the identification of brand positioning components for this type of consumers, which has not been studied in this important issue by reviewing the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify the components of brand positioning in the minds of Muslim consumers. Methodology: This research is based on the purpose of applied and descriptive research, and according to the implementation method for searching and selecting scientific articles, a systematic review of the research literature was considered and the components were extracted with the technique of qualitative content analysis. All articles related to brand positioning and branding for Muslim consumers were searched, collected and qualitatively evaluated from the Scopus citation database and Google Scholar. Finally, 17 articles were qualitatively analyzed using Max Qda software. Findings: The findings of this research show that the components of price, quality, service, consumer preferences, distribution channel and sources of competitive advantage of the company have been studied as components of brand positioning in the minds of Muslim consumers in the research literature. Conclusion: The components of brand positioning should be adapted and appropriate according to the level of commitment and dependence of Muslim consumers of each country and region to Islam. be more focused. Manuscript profile
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        404 - the relationship between mobile consumption pattern and "No Mobile Phobia" among mobile users in Tehran
        Saeid Askari Ali Delavar Ali Akbar Farhangi
        Background: One of the consents in the pathology of communication phenomena is "no mobile phobia". The recent studies show that most of people cannot live without mobile and more than half of the mobile users suffering from kind of psychological disease that named "no m More
        Background: One of the consents in the pathology of communication phenomena is "no mobile phobia". The recent studies show that most of people cannot live without mobile and more than half of the mobile users suffering from kind of psychological disease that named "no mobile phobia". Purpose: This study has studied this phenomenon in Iranian society and especially in Tehran. Methodology: The statistical population is all of the people who live in Tehran and the sample size is 250 and the method is based on face to face questionnaire. In this research, the mobile consumption pattern means the amount of consumption of different dimension of mobile among Tehran residents. Results: The result of study shows that there is a relationship between consumption pattern and "no mobile phobia". Keywords: No Mobile Phobia, Agrophobia, Scattered audiences, Consumer&rsquo;s authority. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        405 - Qualitative Assessment of Ardabil Plain Groundwater Wells
        ابراهیم Fatei سمیه Nedaei-Gilarlo نسیم Seedsadegian S.T Seedsafavian R. Sadeghi
        Underground water resources of Ardabil plain is used for drinking, industry and agriculture activities in the studyarea. In order to water quality assessment of Ardabil plain wells to use in agricultural purposes water quality of81 deep wells that are utilized for agric More
        Underground water resources of Ardabil plain is used for drinking, industry and agriculture activities in the studyarea. In order to water quality assessment of Ardabil plain wells to use in agricultural purposes water quality of81 deep wells that are utilized for agricultural irrigation was evaluated. In this study electrical conductivity,sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulfate, chloride, bicarbonate and total hardness were measured.Studied wells were classified based on the percentage of sodium, EC and sodium adsorption ratio. By means ofPiper Diagram most of Ardabil Plain water is as carbonate type; in these wells are predominant sodium andpotassium. Wilcox diagram showed that 45 % of samples(35 sample) are in middle-saline class, 43.5 % ofsamples(34 sample) in saline class, 11.5 % of samples(9 sample) in very saline class Overall, the risk of salinityis moderate to high and alkalinity risk is lower. These waters are relatively suitable for agricultural uses. Manuscript profile
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        406 - Toxicity efficiency of microencapsulated concentrate of Egyptian blue silk on Chaitophorus niger Mordvilko and Oenopia conglobata L.
        zeynab keykhosravi Samin Seddigh Ali Reza Farokhi Asghar saleh Somayeh Seyfouri
        The black willow aphid, Chaitophorus niger Mordvilko, is a pest of willow trees in the green space, whose activity weakens the trees as well as secreting honeydew during the spring and summer. The predatory ladybug, Oenopia conglobata L. (Col.:Coccinellidae), is one of More
        The black willow aphid, Chaitophorus niger Mordvilko, is a pest of willow trees in the green space, whose activity weakens the trees as well as secreting honeydew during the spring and summer. The predatory ladybug, Oenopia conglobata L. (Col.:Coccinellidae), is one of the most common predators of aphids. In this study, the pupal stage of the ladybug was collected from the municipal parks (Sabzeh, Salamat) and was reared in the Plant protection laboratory of the Green Space Education and Consulting Research Center of Tehran Municipality, District 17. Homogenization of second instar and adults of aphid was performed in vitro conditions (15-30 &deg;C, relative humidity 65 &plusmn; 5%, photoperiod 16: 8 L: D). Then, the micro-emulsion contact toxicity effect of aqueous extract of Caesalpinia gilliesii (fruit; seed) prepared from the pesticide research department of the Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute, was determined on the nymphs and adults of willow black aphid and Oenopia adult by foliar application with LC50 determination in vitro. Bioassay was carried out in 24, 48 and 72 hours in a completely randomized full factorial design with four replications of C. gilliesii (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm) and diazinon (1000-2000 ppm).The results were statistically analyzed using Design Expert 12 software. The lowest mortality was observed in nymphs and adult aphids after 24 hours at a concentration of 1000ppm with an average of 33.3% and 16.6% respectively in Egyptian silk. However, the highest mortality was observed at the concentration of 5oooppm of Egyptian silk, which was not significantly different with 2000 ppm diazinon. The average mortality of ladybugs in 72 hours after the experiment was 1.6% in 1000ppm of Egyptian silk extract, while the highest mortality was observed at 5000 ppm of this extract in 72 hours after the experiment (21.6%). According to the results, the highest aphid mortality in the plant formulation was related to the concentration of 5000 ppm. Therefore, the formulated composition of Egyptian silk can be improved by slightly changing the formulation process to reduce the consumption concentration, and this new combination can be used for sustainable urban management in pest control and maintaining environmental health. Manuscript profile
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        407 - New packaging technology for the 21st century
        sharareh shahbazi
        This article examines the major effects and changes in packaging. A review of fresh meat packaging conditions in America shows the developments in modern packaging and with 60% currently and 49% in the last two years, its markets have moved towards a high level of packa More
        This article examines the major effects and changes in packaging. A review of fresh meat packaging conditions in America shows the developments in modern packaging and with 60% currently and 49% in the last two years, its markets have moved towards a high level of packaging and in this case, there has been a decrease in line production for fresh meat by 69% of fresh meat in this way in the last two years compared to 63% in 2004. There were reasons for its growth up to 48% in kit and production shelves between 1988 and 2003. Modern packaging is dedicated to meet the needs of customers outside of this industry and there are no restrictions on production that are applied in the traditional method, and the use of radiation and canning in the modern method, as well as heating with microwaves, have played a role in its development. The costs of raw materials and the need for packaging technology have increased the costs of polyethylene by 20% during the second half of 2003, increasing gas costs in these productions. The levels of these costs are high and the modern method of these materials is based on polylactic and it has caused an increase in the cost of labor and the need for new technology, which is the use of carbon monoxide in this method in America with the use of low oxygen in the form of packaging, which is more accepted by consumers in America. Manuscript profile
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        408 - The use of renewable energies for air conditioning and its role in reforming consumption patterns
        Nima Hemmati
        This paper examines the opportunities and potential use of renewable energy resources in Iran's.The energy necessary for economic development , social and quality of life and continuous energy, and sustainable economic growth is necessary for any development .Iran has c More
        This paper examines the opportunities and potential use of renewable energy resources in Iran's.The energy necessary for economic development , social and quality of life and continuous energy, and sustainable economic growth is necessary for any development .Iran has considerable natural resources to modernize energy supply and the transition to a sustainable energy system is .For the use of wind energy , geothermal energy , hydroelectric power development and use of solar thermal energy is ideal context forIn addition, this study is based on a case study on renewable energy and solar thermal energy and its use in the air conditioning to reduce the use of fossil fuels and the greenhouse effect is taken into consideration . Manuscript profile
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        409 - A review on exergy analysis in different energy sectors
        mohamad amin sadeghi Abdollah Khalesi Doost
        .Limitation of energy resources in all over the world has forced countries to evaluate policies which is related to energy as well as taking some steps to prevent waste of energy. In developing countries using economized device and new techniques in order to improving u More
        .Limitation of energy resources in all over the world has forced countries to evaluate policies which is related to energy as well as taking some steps to prevent waste of energy. In developing countries using economized device and new techniques in order to improving utilization (efficiency) has been noticed. First law of thermodynamics states conversion of energy during a process, but the second law deals with energy quality, entropy generation, lost opportunities for doing work. Moreover it satisfies improving of qualities. Second law of thermodynamic is a valuable tool for optimizing complex thermodynamic systems. Exergy is a defined parameter to investigate potential of work. Maximum or minimum exergy is available entropy of effective (efficient) work from a system which reaches from one condition (status) to another one, in a specific process. In this study attempts have been made to review formers researches in optimization of different sectors of energy thoroughly. Manuscript profile
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        410 - Effectiveness Evaluation of Trombe Wall for Optimum Pattern of Building Heating System at Shiraz
        سیدحسین هاشمی آرش نجفی سیدمحسن حسینی
        Solar energy is a valuable and available renewable energy and its charge of technology has not great. Fossil fuels consumption grows in building heating systems and it is better to manage it with practical new engineering systems similar Trombe wall that can be reduced More
        Solar energy is a valuable and available renewable energy and its charge of technology has not great. Fossil fuels consumption grows in building heating systems and it is better to manage it with practical new engineering systems similar Trombe wall that can be reduced energy consumption at winter. A major component used in Trombe wall technology, thermal storage system materials and glass and Despite the heat transfer patterns in Trmb wall system will occur. Glass is ideal for this system, should have unique features such as high strength and high thermal stability. However wall storage used to store solar thermal energy should be the maximum.. In this research, effectiveness evaluation of this system at Shiraz is studied. Results show this technology is advantageous and successful for Shiraz and offers the optimum energy system pattern. Manuscript profile
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        411 - Investigation of the effect of roof insulation and double wall effect on the energy consumption of office building in Garmsar city with design-builder software
        Mehdi Shahhoseini Hadi Kargar Sharifabad
        In today's world, the national security of most countries has depended on secure energy access, and therefore the optimum use of it has been the focus of attention of many statesmen and researchers. Expansion of consumption in the household sector and waste of energy in More
        In today's world, the national security of most countries has depended on secure energy access, and therefore the optimum use of it has been the focus of attention of many statesmen and researchers. Expansion of consumption in the household sector and waste of energy in the urban community are among the obvious reasons for the rapid growth of energy consumption in the national economy. For this reason, energy consumption in the building sector needs to be considered. In this paper, after simulating an office building in Garmsar City with Design-Builder Software and validating it, the effect of the roof insulation and double wall parameters on the energy consumption has been investigated. The results show that the roof insulation and the use of a double wall can have a significant impact on building energy consumption. Manuscript profile
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        412 - Building office energy modelling in Garmsar with designbuilder and study the impact of different solutions in energy optimization
        Mehdi Shahhoseini Hadi Kargar Sharifabad
        The contribution of the building sector to the energy consumption of countries is significant, so in the last few decades, in most industrialized countries, basic measures have been taken to reform the consumption model , using various tools including regulations and cr More
        The contribution of the building sector to the energy consumption of countries is significant, so in the last few decades, in most industrialized countries, basic measures have been taken to reform the consumption model , using various tools including regulations and criteria . In this study, the use of the type of material used in the walls of the city buildings in the Garmsar city building was analyzed. The comparison of the heat transfer coefficient of each material used on the external walls of the building is modeled and the building is evaluated with basic materials according to the climatic conditions of the city. Finally, using new materials in the outer wall and ceiling, building with double wall is a priority in reducing energy consumption. Manuscript profile
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        413 - Investigating the effect of replacing a double glass window with snigle window in an office building in the Semnan climate with Designbuilder software
        afshin fathalian Hadi Kargar Sharifabad
        The main cause of the energy dissipation in buildings in the country, in addition to design style of employment in the town of Bad materials in different parts of the building. It can be simple solutions to the implementation of some of the loss of a significant amount More
        The main cause of the energy dissipation in buildings in the country, in addition to design style of employment in the town of Bad materials in different parts of the building. It can be simple solutions to the implementation of some of the loss of a significant amount of renewable energy. In this study , optimize energy consumption in an administrative building in Semnan province climate in a bid to replace the window glass - with the designated low dispatch in foreign wall instead of single - walled window with the situation by simulator design builder software was investigated. Results of energy - saving by 12 percent annually in the coolant load, 2 percent in heating load and 11 percent of the total sample building in loads. Manuscript profile
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        414 - Modeling the equipment of fluid managing in liquid propellant engine rocket tanks
        yaser bezi kuros nekufar zahra ghaderi
        Propellant Management Devices, or PMDs, are static all metal structures inside spacecraft propellant tanks that use surface tension to ensure gas free liquid delivery to the tank outlet. They can be made entirely from titanium allowing their use in the most corrosive pr More
        Propellant Management Devices, or PMDs, are static all metal structures inside spacecraft propellant tanks that use surface tension to ensure gas free liquid delivery to the tank outlet. They can be made entirely from titanium allowing their use in the most corrosive propellants. With no moving or deforming parts, they are inherently reliable. Anyone who needs liquid access or liquid control in space. PMDs are found in many satellites, solar system probes, rockets, and the Space Shuttle. They are used mostly for propellants but can be used in water systems, thermal systems, cryogenic systems and, in fact, in any space bound liquid system. PMDs can be made completely from titanium (or from any suitable solid). This makes them compatible with any liquid and very lightweight - unlike the alternatives such as rubber bladders. Plus PMDs are much more reliable since they have no moving parts. Manuscript profile
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        415 - A review of energy efficiency in buildings by phase change materials and intelligent management system
        mehdi abdoos Abdollah Khalesi Doost Hadi Kargar Sharifabad
        One of the most important issues in the world today is energy saving, which in the construction industry, proper thermal insulation is one of the solutions to prevent energy loss. Also, the use of new and suitable insulation materials helps us to achieve this. Energy cr More
        One of the most important issues in the world today is energy saving, which in the construction industry, proper thermal insulation is one of the solutions to prevent energy loss. Also, the use of new and suitable insulation materials helps us to achieve this. Energy crisis, global warming and other environmental issues have always been the main motivation for researchers and engineers to look for new ways to reduce building energy consumption. Recently, the use of phase change materials to increase the thermal mass of the building has received much attention. Phase changers are organic or inorganic compounds that have the ability to absorb and store large amounts of heat energy within themselves. Due to this unique feature, using these materials can naturally delay the transfer of heat to the building for several hours during peak hours of energy consumption and therefore closer to the goal of optimizing energy consumption in the building. The use of phase change materials in the construction industry along with the proper use of the capabilities and physical properties of materials, was introduced in the world several decades ago and is now known in developed countries, while in our country the research and application of these materials in the construction industry remains almost unknown. The purpose of this article is to introduce and provide suggestions for using phase change materials to store and reduce energy consumption in the building. Manuscript profile
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        416 - ارزیابی ارزش کل ادراک شده مشتری ازدیدگاه ارزش اجتماعی
        حسین بدیعی روح اله رضازاده فرزانه کاشفی
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        417 - بررسیبرآورد تابع تقاضای مصرف گازدر کشورهای مختلف توسعه یافته با استفاده از روشPANEL DATA
        محمد خلیلزاده البرز حاجی خانی
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        418 - تأثیر ترفیعات در بازاریابی پیوندی بر تصمیم خرید مصرف کننده
        دکتر آنژلا عاملی آتنا راه حق
        Manuscript profile
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        419 - بررسی تاثیر سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی روی آلودگی محیط زیست
        پریسا بهلولی
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        420 - The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the intensity of temptation and craving in women with drug abuse
        نازنین نخعی فرشید خسروپور حمید ملایی زرندی
        10.30495/sbq.2022.704254
        AbstractThe intensity of temptation and desire to use is one of the problems of women with substance abuse and they can be among the important risk factors for relapse of addiction. This study was conducted in order to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral More
        AbstractThe intensity of temptation and desire to use is one of the problems of women with substance abuse and they can be among the important risk factors for relapse of addiction. This study was conducted in order to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the intensity of temptation and reducing cravings in women with drug abuse in Kerman city. The method of this research was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this research is all the women addicted to drugs who visited Sepid and Mehr addiction treatment clinics in Kerman from January to March 2017. Using available sampling method, 30 people were selected and randomly divided into two groups (experimental 15 people and control 15 people). The experimental group participated in 12 sessions of 60 minutes a week, cognitive-behavioral therapy, but no intervention was done in the case of the control group. Beck and Clark's (1993) Temptational Belief Questionnaires and Mazinskis et al.'s (1995) Substance Abuse Questionnaires were administered before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using univariate covariance analysis. The results showed that in the post-test phase, the mean scores of the intensity of temptation and craving for consumption in the experimental group were significantly reduced compared to the control group (P&lt;0.01). According to the findings, it is suggested that cognitive-behavioral therapy can be used as an intervention to reduce the intensity of temptation and craving for consumption. Manuscript profile
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        421 - مقایسه راهبردهای نظم دهی هیجانی و نیازهای روانشناختی در دانش آموزان دارای تجربه مواد مخدر و عادی
        مریم قهرمانی اوچقاز جواد خلعتبری
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        422 - اﻳﺮان ﺷﻬﺮی ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ در ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﺼﺮف رﻓﺘﺎر اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ
        ﭘﺮﺗﻮی ﺑﺎﻣﺪاد ﭘﺮﺗﻮی ﺑﺎﻣﺪاد
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        423 - فصلنامه علوم رفتاری/77 تاثیر مداخلات مبتنی بر الگوی ماتریکس در کاهش ولع و گرایش به مصرف شیشه
        محمد ساتی نژاد دکتراصغر جعفری دکتروحیده باباخانی
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        424 - بررسی رفتار خریداران فروشگا ههای زنجیره ای مبتنی بر گونه شناسی خرید
        ناصر حمیدی عبدالرضا قراگزلو
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        425 - مقایسه هراس اجتماعی و حساسیت اضطرابی در دانشجویان سیگاری و غیر سیگاری
        دکتر محمد نریمانی سمیه تکلوی ورنیاب
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        426 - Interaction effects of different amounts of zinc(Zn) and boron(B) on growth and antioxidative enzymes activity in lettuce(Lactuca sativa L. cv. Paris Island) plant
        Farhad Behtash Hadi Fakhr ghazi Masoomeh Hasanbarani
        10.30495/zisti.2022.1963256.1128
        One of the principle factors influencing the plant's growth parameters and yield is nutrition with micro-elements. Boron and zinc are dominant micro-nutrients directly or indirectly affect the plants biochemical potential and hence the yield of plants. In the present ex More
        One of the principle factors influencing the plant's growth parameters and yield is nutrition with micro-elements. Boron and zinc are dominant micro-nutrients directly or indirectly affect the plants biochemical potential and hence the yield of plants. In the present experiment, we aimed to study the effects of Zn and B on some growth attributes and quality of Lactuca sativa L. cv. 'paris island'. The experiment was conducted at the Research Greenhouse of the University of Maragheh as factorial based on CRBD with Zn (0, 5 and 10 mg L-1) from ZnSO4,7H2O and B from H3BO3 at three levels (0, 2 and 4 mg L-1 ) with three replications. The results revealed that with increasing Zn concentrations in the nutrient solution, the fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll index, chlorophylls a and b content, total chlorophylls content, carotenoids amount, soluble proteins concentration and Zn concentration were increased in the lettuce leaf tissue (p&le;0.01). Furthermore, with increasing nutrient solution's B concentration, the proline, MDA, GPX, CAT and APX levels and activities as well as the boron content in the plant tissue were significantly influence and increased. Zn up concentrations under boron high availability reduced the aforementioned traits quantities (p&le;0.01). Manuscript profile
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        427 - An Analysis of Islamiyah, Experience of Resistance Economics in Iran during the Qajar Period (1278-1289
        مریم حایک
        Resistance economy as the main strategy was to withdraw from economic pressures. One of the aspects of production and consumption of goods is internal resistance economy. This Mqalh‌ to answer the question of what factors in our historical experience in the Qajar period More
        Resistance economy as the main strategy was to withdraw from economic pressures. One of the aspects of production and consumption of goods is internal resistance economy. This Mqalh‌ to answer the question of what factors in our historical experience in the Qajar period to culminate in "domestic production and consumption of goods" was effective? To answer this question important factors in strengthening the national production at the company's activity Islamiyah, based on "qualitative content analysis" is checked. According to local patterns of successful role in promoting social issues, the result of unity and cooperation of various factors affecting the company's success Islamiyah including merchant capital, the spiritual and intellectual pen, noting that in the current situation, creating a strong economy and based on be local, not out of reach. The results indicated the necessity of enjoying the backing of nationalist sentiment and religious beliefs to realize the current situation is the strength of the economy. Manuscript profile
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        428 - The economic organization of Fatemiyan
        hamidreza Verdi
        The Economic organizations of Fatemiyan Abstract: Fatimid government (Caliphate) was established at North Africa in 909 AD (297 hegira) and it took power in Egypt in less than seventy years and consolidated the foundations of their government promptly. The present ess More
        The Economic organizations of Fatemiyan Abstract: Fatimid government (Caliphate) was established at North Africa in 909 AD (297 hegira) and it took power in Egypt in less than seventy years and consolidated the foundations of their government promptly. The present essay is written in order to examine economy of Fatimid caliphate and its effect on stability of their government for more than two and a half century (909-1171) that has been conducted by librarian method and through referring to the valid sources of information. The major hypothesis of this is that the Fatimid could expand their political influence by means of an economic system based on trade, agriculture, and taxation and claim for caliphate over the entire Islamic world. The studied subject is that how Fatimid&rsquo;s economic system operated and what financial sources they have employed for providing economic requirements and expansion of their sovereignty in Egypt and what objectives they had considered in their mind for developing these sources to acquire revenue. At last, it is expressed as conclusion that the Fatimid have benefitted from an effective and profitable economy in order to develop their political, social, ideological, and for survival of their government. Keywords: Bureaucracy, Economic history, Egyptian trade, Egyptian tax, Agriculture Manuscript profile
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        429 - A Study of the Political, Economic and Cultural Relations between Iran and Egypt during the Time of Darius I of the Achaemenid Empire
        mohamad ghasemi Feizollah Boushasb Gousheh behzad moeini sam Shokouhossadat Arabihashemi
        After establishing the Land of Persia by Cyrus the Great, The Achaemenid Empire, as the most powerful Aryan state, conquered most of the great powers of Asia. After the death of Cyrus, Cambyses invaded Egypt in 525 BC and occupied it by taking advantage of country's tur More
        After establishing the Land of Persia by Cyrus the Great, The Achaemenid Empire, as the most powerful Aryan state, conquered most of the great powers of Asia. After the death of Cyrus, Cambyses invaded Egypt in 525 BC and occupied it by taking advantage of country's turbulent condition and dissatisfaction of people. Darius I did many important actions in that country, including the development of roads, Religious reform, developing laws, and excavating the Nile channel. All these factors led him to be considered as the great and legal pharaoh.This research is a library research and written as descriptive-analytical. The purpose of this study is to examine the various dimensions of Iran-Egypt relation during the time of Darius I..Through conducting this study, we can conclude that after the conquest of Cyrus over many adjacent territories such as Lydia, Babylon and the eastern part of the country, Cambyses was able to add one of the largest civilization centers of that era, Egypt, to his father's property. Also Dariush I, after gaining power, paid special attention to Egypt, because he wanted to expand the Achaemenid realm. Furthermore, Egypt was a civilized and wealthy country, thus he could increase the wealth of his own nation and at the same time weakened the Greek Empire by not allowing them to obtain Egypt&rsquo;s wealth. Manuscript profile
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        430 - Analytical historical analysis of the Mamluk government's position on the Shiites of Egypt and the Levant
        Seyed Mohammad Ahmadi Moghadam Reza Keyani Neya
        Shiite presence in Egypt and the Levant dates back to the time of the first arrival of Muslims, Shiite growth peaked during the Fatimid period, and despite the fall of the Shiite Fatimid rule in Egypt and the Levant, Shiites remained in the land And they were the Levant More
        Shiite presence in Egypt and the Levant dates back to the time of the first arrival of Muslims, Shiite growth peaked during the Fatimid period, and despite the fall of the Shiite Fatimid rule in Egypt and the Levant, Shiites remained in the land And they were the Levant, but in later periods the Mamluks greatly reduced the power of the Shiites, so that by the end of the Mamluk period there was little Shiite influence left in Egypt and the Levant. This article seeks to analyze the historical reasons for the hostile and strict stance of the Mamluks towards the Shiites. The findings of this study show; The influence of some Salafi Hanbali jurists in the Mamluk court, the confrontation between the Ilkhans and the Mamluks, the establishment of the Abbasid Caliphate of Egypt and the Levant, the Mamluks 'fear of Shiite history and originality, and the Mamluks' influence on the Ayyubids, especially in religious politics Manuscript profile
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        431 - A survey of the effective factors on Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the Ilkhans and West
        Omid Omid Sepehri Rad
        Defeat of Hulegu Khan at the battle of Ayn Jalut (658 AH / 1260 AD) cause to tend the Ilkhans and Christian Europe state to establish and expand diplomatic, military and economic relations. Before encountering Ilkhans to resistance of Mamluks at syria, not Mongols&nbsp; More
        Defeat of Hulegu Khan at the battle of Ayn Jalut (658 AH / 1260 AD) cause to tend the Ilkhans and Christian Europe state to establish and expand diplomatic, military and economic relations. Before encountering Ilkhans to resistance of Mamluks at syria, not Mongols&nbsp; paid attention to the pop and European ststes envoys، nor Europeans confidence to the Mongols. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ayn Jalut defeated and failur of&nbsp; next invasions of Ilkhans to the syria and Access to power of mamluks in Egypt and&nbsp; syria and theirs effort to drive out Crusade from the coast of Palestin and attacks on&nbsp; Lesser Armenia، led to European states sought to attract&nbsp; friendship of &nbsp;Ilkhanate. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Review of available resources shows، Conflict with a common enemy caused the Relationship between Ilkhans&nbsp; and&nbsp; pop and European&nbsp; stste.&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        432 - Inspirations and Transactions of Architecture between Iraq and Egypt in Islamic Era
        maryam briji mohammadali cheloungar Mohammed Karim Yousef Jamali
        Iraq and Egypt are of the oldest lands in which the human civilizations were originated, and based on the existing documents, there were transactions of Art and culture among these two countries, and the as reliable evidence there exist the letters which were found in " More
        Iraq and Egypt are of the oldest lands in which the human civilizations were originated, and based on the existing documents, there were transactions of Art and culture among these two countries, and the as reliable evidence there exist the letters which were found in "Tal_Al_Emarat". This survey tries to probe the influence of architecture transaction between Iraq and Egypt, which was formed by the unity of Politics and civilization by the emersion of Islam, and these inspirations and transactions expanded in these countries by the passage of time. These culture and art transactions appeared by: exchanging and sending governors and immigration of craftsmen between the two countries Manuscript profile
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        433 - Studying the reflection of Dr. Mohammad Mosadegh actions in Egypt political changes during 1950s
        jalil naebiyan davod omrani
        Nationalizing the oil industry in Iran by Dr. Mosadegh is one the most important event in middle earth contemporary history in 1950s. This achievement was a big step for cutting the hand of imperialism from Iran and reaching national freedom which had inbound and region More
        Nationalizing the oil industry in Iran by Dr. Mosadegh is one the most important event in middle earth contemporary history in 1950s. This achievement was a big step for cutting the hand of imperialism from Iran and reaching national freedom which had inbound and regional and global reflections. The most evident reflection of this event was wiping the undefeatable face of imperialism in middle earth. Most effects of Iran unti-colonialism movement was on Egypt because Egyptians had tasted the bitterness of colonialism during centuries like Iran. So liberals in Egypt put Dr.Mosadegh as their model and tried harder to save their country from foreign colonialism and inbound dictatorship with more eagerness and desire and finally they succeeded to end monarchy and establish presidential government. This desire multiplied by ruling of Gen. Gamal Abdel Nasser. He, affected by Dr.Mosadegh, began to nationalize the Suez Canal which was vital artery of Egypt and was under control of Britain and France. This is obvious that this Gamal Abdel Nasser action was a continuation of Dr.Mosadegh action and was the second big defeat of colonialism Manuscript profile
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        434 - An Analysis of Islamiyah, Experience of Resistance Economics in Iran during the Qajar Period (1278-1289)
        maryam heyek
        Resistance economy as the main strategy was to withdraw from economic pressures. One of the aspects of production and consumption of goods is internal resistance economy. This Mqalh‌ to answer the question of what factors in our historical experience in the Qajar period More
        Resistance economy as the main strategy was to withdraw from economic pressures. One of the aspects of production and consumption of goods is internal resistance economy. This Mqalh‌ to answer the question of what factors in our historical experience in the Qajar period to culminate in "domestic production and consumption of goods" was effective? To answer this question important factors in strengthening the national production at the company's activity Islamiyah, based on "qualitative content analysis" is checked. According to local patterns of successful role in promoting social issues, the result of unity and cooperation of various factors affecting the company's success Islamiyah including merchant capital, the spiritual and intellectual pen, noting that in the current situation, creating a strong economy and based on be local, not out of reach. The results indicated the necessity of enjoying the backing of nationalist sentiment and religious beliefs to realize the current situation is the strength of the economy. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        435 - A Survey of Ilkhanan’ Relations with Egypt Mamalik in Ghazan Khan’s Reign (694-703 AH/12q4-1304 AC)
        Omid Sepehri
        Ghazan Khan aot to position of Ilkhani in 1295 BC, weth the begunning of his reign, the enternal 4 year war initiating after the death of Arghon Khan, ended. Ilkhani government formally accepted Islam religion. The affect of acceptance the religion by Ghazan from the po More
        Ghazan Khan aot to position of Ilkhani in 1295 BC, weth the begunning of his reign, the enternal 4 year war initiating after the death of Arghon Khan, ended. Ilkhani government formally accepted Islam religion. The affect of acceptance the religion by Ghazan from the political point of views, was nat oy less importance abroad than at home , because his adherence to Islam , in spite of ewery&nbsp; expectation The enmity from Egypt Mamalik and Sham was never on the decrease, and&nbsp; the battle between them went on in the same way as his ancestors (hulagu and Abagh). Ghazan sent military forces against mamalik in 699 AH&nbsp; then in 700 and in 703 AH . Except in 699 in the battle of&nbsp; maymaol moravej where he won the battle he was defeated during two next attacks. This article is to survey&nbsp; the backgrounds cowers and the pretexts of Ghazankhan for attacking to sham and to value his winning a war , and to criticize the two other unsuccessful ones.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        436 - Ziggurat; A Symbolic Structure
        mohammad taghi fazli
        It has long been known to human being that mountains play an important role in producing water and rain , and that water sources can be found there. Water has been closely associated with the formation of civilizations. For this reason, the starting point for civilizati More
        It has long been known to human being that mountains play an important role in producing water and rain , and that water sources can be found there. Water has been closely associated with the formation of civilizations. For this reason, the starting point for civilizations can be traced in mountains. Moreover, inhabited caves and stony shelters found are all in mountains. It should be kept that the raw material for prehistoric man, i.e. stone, was found in mountains. Mountain in mythology is the place of gods. In Greece the highest mountain was Olympus where Zeus was worshipped. It can be said that the settlement and reproduction of gods in mountains showed the importance of mountains. In Sumer and the south of Mesopotamia, however, there is not a high mountain; therefore, they build their temples mountain-like. Among these was the Tower of Babel built like a mountain. In fact, multi-story temples and pyramids symbolized mountain. This can be supported by the fact that no picture on pottery, seals and mountain cliffs were used for entertainment, as no symbol of writing systems was used without a purpose Manuscript profile
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        437 - Relations between Buyid and Egypt
        RajabAli Vosooghi
        Relations between Ale Buye and Egypt started from when the tatemcyan&rsquo;s domination oues Egypt was established. Although in religious associations with each other, these two Shiite states were expected to have ties of fuendship and interacting with each other. Polit More
        Relations between Ale Buye and Egypt started from when the tatemcyan&rsquo;s domination oues Egypt was established. Although in religious associations with each other, these two Shiite states were expected to have ties of fuendship and interacting with each other. Political materials and interests as well, prevent at form happening. It seems the two sides policies or impe realism and the religion divinities, from the basic point of view had had the major role we creating enmity and hostility towards each other. During these days, one could see the political intrigues and the military front preparations by these two against each other. But, it is noteworthy to mention that each of the two governments pretessed it, opposite side to every other country having had differing views in religion. This is why in spite of political enmity; one would observe peace, friendlyness, dispatching embassies and tetters to each other between them. This is the reason that they had never involved directly or seriously in military conflicts. Taking refuge by some princes of Afe Buyer in Egypt in order to fee from the damage from their competitors in a good recuon tor this claim. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        438 - an introduction to Muslims economical activities in egpt in 4th and 5th century
        Mosayeb Abasi
        As a country with old civilization , Egpt was always the point of attentimfor invaders. Economical and commercial situation of egpt attractedpower full nations toward that area. Ancient government of Iran , Greek&ndash; Rome and Islamic government be lived that area is More
        As a country with old civilization , Egpt was always the point of attentimfor invaders. Economical and commercial situation of egpt attractedpower full nations toward that area. Ancient government of Iran , Greek&ndash; Rome and Islamic government be lived that area is the lead key ofAfrica and Europe canguor. Fertility of lands Niel River ad prots likEskandrieh made proper situation for economical growth and introducedEgpt as important country in Mediterranean.With the arrival of Muslims in to that country and the establishment ofIslamic governments, Muslims could engage in economical commercialand even cultural affairs. in this article Egpt economical situation and itsplace in Mediterranean economic is being studied and it aims to itraducea view of Muslims economic activities in that country during 4th and 5thcentury Manuscript profile
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        439 - Application of nanotechnology in renewable energy
        mojtaba jamiati
        Nanotechnology has the potential for many fundamental improvements in the improvement of conventional energy sources (nuclear and fossil fuels) as well as renewable energy sources. Tremendous advances in nanotechnology by introducing technologies with higher efficiency, More
        Nanotechnology has the potential for many fundamental improvements in the improvement of conventional energy sources (nuclear and fossil fuels) as well as renewable energy sources. Tremendous advances in nanotechnology by introducing technologies with higher efficiency, lower price and environmentally friendly allow us to go beyond current options in providing energy for various systems. Renewable energies and nanotechnology are two areas that can have positive effects in the oil refining industry. Renewable energies such as solar, wind, water, geothermal and bioenergy can be used as alternative energy sources to provide electricity and heat needed by refineries and help to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Nanotechnology plays a role in improving refining processes, increasing the efficiency and stability of equipment and catalysts, and cleaning the environment. For example, the use of nanocatalysts can increase the speed of chemical reactions and reduce energy consumption. Nanofilters can also be used in refinery wastewater treatment to separate pollutants with high precision. In general, these technologies can help increase productivity and reduce the environmental effects of refinery activities and are considered a big step towards sustainable development. Manuscript profile
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        440 - Nationalism and the women's movement in Egypt 1914-1953
        Mostafa Chamani Moghadam Mohamad Nabi Salim MirzaMohammad Hasani
        Mostafa Chamani Moghadam,[1], Mohamad NabiSalim,[2]* MirzaMohammad Hasani[3] Abstract: At the Beginning of the 20th century, following the activism of women and the rise of nationalism in developing countries, Egyptian women sought to gain some of their social rights. More
        Mostafa Chamani Moghadam,[1], Mohamad NabiSalim,[2]* MirzaMohammad Hasani[3] Abstract: At the Beginning of the 20th century, following the activism of women and the rise of nationalism in developing countries, Egyptian women sought to gain some of their social rights. From 1914 to 1953, the spread of modernist and nationalist ideas played a major role in the development of these societies. Relying on a descriptive-analytical method, this study answers the question of how nationalism in Egypt has influenced the emergence and trend of the women's movement. Findings show that nationalism and the struggle against colonialism and tyranny paved the way for women to enter society, but despite the participation of women, they were not given the rights demanded by women and as a result, women's social rights were pursued in other ways. The women's movement was completely dependent on the political and social dynamics of the majority and influenced by Eastern and Western ideologies. But the ability of Egyptian women to establish a moderate organization and practice led to their relative success. [1].Ph.D student,,Depatrment of History,Islamic Azad University, Shahrood Branch, Shahrood , Iran [2]A.ssistant Professor,Depatrment of History,Islamic Azad University,Shahrood Branch, Shahrood, Iran, Corresponding Author [3].Assistant Professor,Depatrment of History,Islamic Azad University,Shahrood Branch, Shahrood,Iran Manuscript profile
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        441 - The study of the effect of ethical motivation components on the satisfaction of purchasing apparel consumers in Ilam city
        Haedar Abbaspour Yasan Allah PourAshraf QasemAli Shiri Jafar Abbaspour
        One of the issues that today has become an attractive and challenging topic in the field of consumer behavior is the issue of ethical use, The reason for this is that, despite the cost of being ethical behavior, Research has shown that behavioral ethics leads to the fin More
        One of the issues that today has become an attractive and challenging topic in the field of consumer behavior is the issue of ethical use, The reason for this is that, despite the cost of being ethical behavior, Research has shown that behavioral ethics leads to the final satisfaction of consumers with the purchase and consumption of goods and services. In the present study, the effect of the relationship between ethical motivation incentives on the satisfaction of purchasing apparel consumers in Ilam city has been investigated. The survey method is applied in terms of its purpose, the statistical population of all the clothing consumers of the city is ilam. Using Morgan table, a sample of 235 people from the community was selected by random sampling. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by the experts and the reliability of all the variables was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Lisrel 8.8 and SPSS 21 software were used to analyze the data. The research findings showed that the motives of ethical consumption were effective on purchasing satisfaction. Manuscript profile
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        442 - Presenting a pattern of creating hope in the consumer to the brand (Case study: online retail)
        Mohamadali Taghizadeh Dariush Jamshidi Alireza Rost
        The aim of this study was to provide a pattern of consumer hope in the brand (Case study: online retail). The present study was conducted in a quantitative phase, using a descriptive survey method, for a statistical sample. The required data were collected by a research More
        The aim of this study was to provide a pattern of consumer hope in the brand (Case study: online retail). The present study was conducted in a quantitative phase, using a descriptive survey method, for a statistical sample. The required data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire by qualitative phase and the validity of this questionnaire was confirmed due to its usability in similar organizations and the reliability of this questionnaire was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability. The statistical population of the quantitative stage of the research includes online retail customers, whose number is unlimited. Simple / cluster random sampling method was used to select the appropriate research sample. In order to estimate the appropriate sample size, Morgan table was used, based on which, since the number of statistical population is unlimited, so the sample size was considered 384 subscribers using Morgan table, which are available by random sampling method. A cluster was selected. Data collection was used to analyze the data in the descriptive statistics section of SPSS software version 21 and in the inferential statistics section through structural equation modeling and PLS software. The results showed; The brand satisfaction component has the highest rank and the brand commitment component has the lowest rank. The components also include brand satisfaction, brand experience, brand trust, perceived value, brand love, and brand commitment in order of priority. Manuscript profile
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        443 - Exploring the Effects of Demographic Factors and Brand Perception on the Intention of Iranian Consumers to Purchase Luxury Automobiles
        Kambiz Heidarzadeh Fereshteh Rais Rohani
        Conspicuous consumption is a fairly universal phenomenon: while possibly more pervasive in developed countries. It can be said, conspicuous consumption is more common in some cultures that have a tendency to materialism. This research provides deeper understanding of wh More
        Conspicuous consumption is a fairly universal phenomenon: while possibly more pervasive in developed countries. It can be said, conspicuous consumption is more common in some cultures that have a tendency to materialism. This research provides deeper understanding of why consumers are willing to buy luxury cars. The population of this study consists of Toyota, Hyundai &amp; Kia Motors automobile owners in the city of Tehran. The German made Mercedes Benz and the Japanese made Lexus are the luxury products of the population. The final sample consists of 390 participants, and the method is proportional stratified sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and SPSS and LISREL software are used for the data analysis. The main findings show that the Iranian consumer perception of the luxury brand is significantly more affected by the variables of hedonism, uniqueness, and quality than the conspicuous and social values. Marketing managers of luxury brands can use the results to get more consumers to buy. The five perceived values of luxury automobiles can be used as guidelines for salesmen to sell successfully to customers. Manuscript profile
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        444 - Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to examine consumer’s green purchase intention
        Hessam ZandHessami Shima Parvinchi
        Environmentalism dates back to the 1960s and early 1970s with increasing concern about the impacts of consumption and production patterns on the environment considering the health effects and the impact of economic and population growth. During the last decades, due to More
        Environmentalism dates back to the 1960s and early 1970s with increasing concern about the impacts of consumption and production patterns on the environment considering the health effects and the impact of economic and population growth. During the last decades, due to consumer demand, an increase of demand for the green brands has occurred. Thus green marketing as a multidimensional strategic and tactical process has emerged. This study seeks to understand consumers&rsquo; green purchase intention and behavior based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).The sample was randomly selected from consumers who live in Qazvin. A total of 428 questionnaires were completed and used for data analysis. Data analysis, using Lisrel software, indicated that attitude toward environmental issues is the most influential predictor among other variables. Also, according to the findings we can see that subjective norms and attitude toward behavior affect green purchase intention and accordingly intention positively influence green buying behavior. Manuscript profile
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        445 - Exploring the Company Reputation and Customers’ Consumption Values on the Customers’ Perception of Brand (Case Study: Iran Khodro Co.)
        Alireza Motameni Hadi Moradi Amin Hemmati
        The Importance of brand and its impact on products and services selling are increasingly growing. Thus this study considers the main factors affecting consumers&rsquo; brand choice from behavioral perspective. In this regard, to determine the effective consumption value More
        The Importance of brand and its impact on products and services selling are increasingly growing. Thus this study considers the main factors affecting consumers&rsquo; brand choice from behavioral perspective. In this regard, to determine the effective consumption values as well as relationship between corporate reputation and consumer consumption values the theory of consumption values is used. In order to collect the required data, questionnaire was used. Sample was selected among the car owners of IRAN KKODRO Co. in Tehran. Data analysis with use of exploratory factor analysis, discriminate analysis and structural equation modeling has been done. Results suggest that consumption values influence brand choice and through this prediction of customers&rsquo; brand choice is possible. Success rate of this model in predicting consumers correct brand choice behavior was %54.5. Also, SEM result showed that the corporate reputation effect on consumers&rsquo; consumption values is significant. Manuscript profile
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        446 - Investigating on shopping motivation of Iranian
        Kambiz Heidarzadeh Azadeh Bahrami Jah
        Shopping has different dimensions itself. Shopping in different phrases has different meaning; phrases such as who goes shopping? Why do the people go shopping? When do they prefer to go shopping? Where do they go shopping? What is the reason to go shopping? And what mo More
        Shopping has different dimensions itself. Shopping in different phrases has different meaning; phrases such as who goes shopping? Why do the people go shopping? When do they prefer to go shopping? Where do they go shopping? What is the reason to go shopping? And what motivates them to go shopping? Different studied suggest different answers. The last question is the subject of our study. Since shopping has different dimensions, a precise research has to concentrate on a special point to limit the main subject in order to produce more precise results. Motivation of shopping is one of the main issues in the course of shopping behavior of the customers. This study is searching for reasons of shopping in Iran, investigating the approach of 400 students of Azad University of Qazvin toward their motivation to go shopping. In the article, we analyze a factor to discover variables which affect shopping motivation of Iranian consumers. Key words: motivation, shop, consumer. Manuscript profile
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        447 - Surveying Consumer Purchase Behavior Toward Foreign Versus Local Brands
        alireza nalchi kaashi mohsen rasoulian hossein bujaari
        In this study we examined customers behavior and the effect of&nbsp; individual characteristics (it means tendency to be different from others and tending to foreign brands) and brands characteristic(it means perceived quality and emotional value) on intention to buy go More
        In this study we examined customers behavior and the effect of&nbsp; individual characteristics (it means tendency to be different from others and tending to foreign brands) and brands characteristic(it means perceived quality and emotional value) on intention to buy goods with foreign brands in comparison with goods that have local brands. There are 850 customers in Iran that cooperate in this estimate.studyis to be applied and is of surveying type It used from questionnaire and sampling by Kokran formula. This study examind relationship between variables by structural&nbsp; equation model and reached to following this result. Need to be individual among customers is effective in tendency to foreign goods. Increased in tendency to foreign goods,canses customers think that foreign brands quality and emotional value are better. increased acceptance of foreign brands perceived quality and emotional&nbsp; value results in an increase in buying foreign brands. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        448 - Investigating the Effect of Strategic Plans in Energy Consumption Management in Iran
        Mohammad Zarnegar
        Improving the productivity and enhancing the organizations&rsquo; effectiveness has always been one of the main objectives of the organizations and strategic planning is the main tool in achieving this goal. Therefore, the effect of strategic plans in energy consumption More
        Improving the productivity and enhancing the organizations&rsquo; effectiveness has always been one of the main objectives of the organizations and strategic planning is the main tool in achieving this goal. Therefore, the effect of strategic plans in energy consumption management in this paper is investigated through with Balanced Score Card (financial perspective, customer perspective, learning and growth, and internal processes) approach. In order to meet this aim, population of experts in the field of energy management were investigated&nbsp;which their total number was 320, and 145 were selected as the sample size using Cochran formula. Data was collected via a questionnaire and its reliability was determined through Cronbach&rsquo;s alpha which obtained coefficients were acceptable and reliability of the questionnaire has been confirmed. Inferential statistics were used to analyze the data and to examine the research hypotheses; SPSS software was of help to meet this aim. The results showed that the dimensions of the strategic plan with Balanced Score Card approach affect energy consumption management by different extents. At the end of the study, the current researcher offers some suggestions to improve the strategic plan in energy consumption management in Iran with regard to four factors of Balanced Score Card model Manuscript profile
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        449 - Impact of firm’s reputation, ethnocentrism and word of mouth on attitude towards foreign products
        Naser Azad Azadeh Goodarzi
        Globalization led to increased competition between imported and domestic goods and services. And the success of these international activities, depend on the level of acceptancedomestic consumers. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of word of mouth, firm&r More
        Globalization led to increased competition between imported and domestic goods and services. And the success of these international activities, depend on the level of acceptancedomestic consumers. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of word of mouth, firm&rsquo;s reputation and ethnocentrism on consumer&rsquo;s attitude toward products with foreign origin. To collect data from the respondents, a sample of 384 among customers who were referred to the dealers sell cars GEELY in Tehran were selected. Data were collected through questionnaires that were collected using simple random sampling. Structural equation modeling with amos was deployed to analyze the data. The findings show a positive relationship between word of mouth and attitude towards foreign products. Reputation of the firm is found that to have a positive impact on trust.Also there is a positive relationship between trust in a company and attitudes towards foreign products. The results indicate that there is not a negative correlation between ethnocentrism and cosmopolitanism. But there is a negative correlation between ethnocentrism and attitudes towards foreign products. Manuscript profile
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        450 - Estimating Consumption Function of Private Sector in Iran Economy(1338-1385)
        yadollah rajaei shahla ahmadi
        Different economic theories in various fields, one of the topics is which&nbsp; of interest to economists in the field of consumption is&nbsp; planning different and challenging theories in economics which brings this guestion to mind that in the explaining behaviour of More
        Different economic theories in various fields, one of the topics is which&nbsp; of interest to economists in the field of consumption is&nbsp; planning different and challenging theories in economics which brings this guestion to mind that in the explaining behaviour of introducing society , forecasting and plannings , which of the incentives of consumption functions of Keynes , Fridman , Dosenbry , Madigliani ,&hellip;is criteria. Selecting each of these Cases , normally have different out comes and in this study , our goal is estimation and analysis of consumption function of private sector , using convergence and Yu Hansen and Jusilyus system during 1338 &ndash; 1385 for Iran economy. Experimental results of econometrics show that during&nbsp; study period , the consumption in&nbsp; each period has direct relations hip with real income and real in come of the previous period and inflation of future period has negative effect on the consumption of current period and the consumption has in direct relationship with interest rate , In other words , the increase of interest rate causes decrease of consumption and in crease of saving&nbsp; by the way , the consumption of each period decreases with increase of general price level of that period , an during&nbsp; study period , marginal propensity to long-term consumption , is 14% , and is adjusted on the basis of income and consumption data of previous period , and in Iran , in is appriopriately the explicator of consumption behavior , and thus , in economic policy makings , planning and authoring consumption function is advised in this manner. Manuscript profile
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        451 - The Role of Utilitarian And Hedonic Value In Apparel Shopping Satisfaction In Iran
        Kambiz Heidarzadeh Neda Irani
        This study investigated the mediating roles of utilitarian and hedonic value as influencing factors in shopping experience satisfaction in the relationship between involvement and consumers&rsquo; buying tendencies including variety-seeking, compulsive and impulsive buy More
        This study investigated the mediating roles of utilitarian and hedonic value as influencing factors in shopping experience satisfaction in the relationship between involvement and consumers&rsquo; buying tendencies including variety-seeking, compulsive and impulsive buying tendencies and price sensitivity for Manto and Shirt shoppers in the Iranian market. Results were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and parameters were estimated using maximum likelihood method. This study reveals that shopping satisfaction for Manto and Shirt shoppers is a response to different levels of utilitarian and hedonic value in a shopping trip. In other words, increasing consumers&rsquo; shopping satisfaction could be manipulated by enhancing consumers&rsquo; utilitarian and hedonic shopping value. In addition, the influence of involvement on shopping satisfaction is moderated through manipulating consumer buying tendencies and utilitarian and hedonic shopping value. Manuscript profile
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        452 - Students' Complaints Related to Available Service in Offline and Online Environments at QIAU
        Abolfazl Tajzadeh Namin Monireh Mohaghegh
        Consumers&rsquo; complaints are a crucial issue for the survival of any companies. This is why it has attracted much attention in services section. Knowing about the reasons and consequences of this issue helps companies to create a marketing philosophy that not only is More
        Consumers&rsquo; complaints are a crucial issue for the survival of any companies. This is why it has attracted much attention in services section. Knowing about the reasons and consequences of this issue helps companies to create a marketing philosophy that not only is aligned with consumers&rsquo; satisfaction, but also tries to manage and deal with dissatisfaction. This study aims at studying the students&rsquo; complaints from university&rsquo;s services in both online and offline contexts. Therefore the effects of the following factors have been studied and compared: positive attitude toward complaints, the possibility of any deficiency in providing services in future, the amount of dissatisfaction from services. The importance of the context, the probability of success through complaints, personal norms and the value of complaint in complaints&rsquo; intention in both online and offline contexts .The data of the research were collected by distributing questionnaires among the students of accounting and management in Qazvin Islamic Azad University. The results showed that the effect of the above-mentioned variables on complains intention is significant except for the value of complaint in offline context. Note that for the value of complaint, there was no significant difference in both contexts. In other word, students are more willing to complain in face to face or through phone calls. In the end, some working recommendations have been offered that would help educational and service companies to satisfy their consumers through appropriate complaint management. Manuscript profile
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        453 - Study of Influencing Factor on Sustainable Behavior
        Javad Abbasi Atefeh Reaei
        Changing lifestyle and consumption pattern being the aftermath of population and urbanization growth, is putting a strain on environment and sustainable development. When concerns increase, consumption behavior and production program might be the way of protecting envir More
        Changing lifestyle and consumption pattern being the aftermath of population and urbanization growth, is putting a strain on environment and sustainable development. When concerns increase, consumption behavior and production program might be the way of protecting environment and resources for next generation.&nbsp; The consumption value perceptions are identified in the study as the drivers of sustained green product consumption and intention to pay the green price premium using the theory of consumption values. Environmental attitude, contextual factors and consumer innovativeness are included as the first-order constructs. Research method is descriptive survey. Data was collected randomly through390 people of Tehran people based method using structured questionnaires. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied for testing the hypothesized model. Results co Manuscript profile
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        454 - Survey and ranking the most important factors desire of domestic consumer's in choosing foreign alternative products
        Hossein Norouzi Roghayeh Ahmadi
        &nbsp; This study aims to survey and ranking the most important factor desire of domestic consumer's in choosing foreign alternative products. In present study, factors related to the manufacturer and factors related to the government integrated with Philip Kotler'S mo More
        &nbsp; This study aims to survey and ranking the most important factor desire of domestic consumer's in choosing foreign alternative products. In present study, factors related to the manufacturer and factors related to the government integrated with Philip Kotler'S model of buyer behavior to propose a Conceptual model. Research statistical population consists of appliance buyers with foreign brands in shiraz city and Sampling method is Non randomly sampling from type judgmentally. present study In terms of objective is Functional and in terms of data collection is descriptive-survey (questionnaire). The causes identified for tend domestic consumer's to choose foreign alternative products including individual factors, group factors, Product-related factors, cultural factors (wrong culture dominant over society), Halo effect, manufacturer- related factors and government - related factors. In order to verify these factors, confirmatory factor analysis was used. Then, Student T Test was used to test hypotheses and the Friedman test was used to rank the factors. Based on the hypothesis testing, Impact factors related to the manufacturer and factors related to the government On desire local consumers to choose foreign products was rejected. And the impact of other factors on desire was confirmed. Also, cultural factors and individual factors were having highest rating and lowest rating. Manuscript profile
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        455 - Predicting the Reduction of Craving for Drug use based on Resilience and Self- Control in Men Referring to Addiction Treatment Centers in Rasht
        Fatemeh Sohrabzadeh Zeynab Abbasi
        &nbsp; The research was conducted with the aim of predicting the reduction of drug cravings based on resilience and self-control in men referred to addiction treatment centers. The type of research was descriptive and its method was correlation. The statistical populati More
        &nbsp; The research was conducted with the aim of predicting the reduction of drug cravings based on resilience and self-control in men referred to addiction treatment centers. The type of research was descriptive and its method was correlation. The statistical population included all men who referred to addiction treatment centers in Rasht city in the first half of 1401 in the number of 212 people, of which 136 people were selected by simple random sampling. Franken et al.'s (2006) Craving for Drug use, Connor and Davidson's resilience (2003) and Tanji et al.'s (2014) self-control questionnaires were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using the inferential test of Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression and SPSS24 software. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between resilience and reducing drug cravings (P&lt;0.01). There is a significant correlation between self-control and the reduction of drug craving (P&lt;0.01). According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that resilience and self-control are suitable predictors for the reduction of drug craving among men. Manuscript profile
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        456 - The Relation Depression with Attitude Drug abuse in high school Students the Rasht – city
        Bahman Akbari Masoud Amoupour
        The present study is dealt with study of relation between depression and attitude towards drug abuse in Rasht high school students. In order to this 201 boys &amp; girls students from first to third grades were selected based on a cluster random sampling and then were t More
        The present study is dealt with study of relation between depression and attitude towards drug abuse in Rasht high school students. In order to this 201 boys &amp; girls students from first to third grades were selected based on a cluster random sampling and then were tested. The method of study has been correlation and the measuring tools of beck depression questionnaire are a researcher &ndash; made questionnaire and the other one is drug abuse. The aim of present study is to determine the relation between depression and drug abuse considering sex variable and educational grades. Findings of this study have been analyzed according to descriptive statistics (mean &amp; standard deviation) and inferential statistics (student t &ndash; test correlation coefficient &amp; a two way analysis of variance). The results showed that in spite of considering educational grade, depression scores and attitudes toward addiction in boys and girls are different. In other words, the boys have more positive and meaningful attitude towards addiction in comparison with girls. There is also a positive and meaningful relation between high depression and positive attitude towards addiction. That is the more depression, the more positive attitude towards addiction (r= 38%) mean while, the simultaneous relation of two former variables between sex and educational grade with depression has been considered as a positive and meaningful variable, that is; male sex shows decreasing rate of depression, as they improve from first grade to third grade and on the contrary female Sex shows increasing rate of depression as they go from first grade to third grade .The results showed that simultaneous relation of two former variables between sex and educational grade with positive attitude towards addiction has been considered as a meaningful and positive dependent variable. In other words, male sex's attitude towards addiction becomes more negative as education grade increases form first grade to third grade and on the contrary, female sex's attitude with lower educational grade becomes more positive. Manuscript profile
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        457 - The Relationship between Identity Dimensions and Attachment Style with Drug Abuse Tendency among High School Students
        Salma Sheikholeslam Marzeieh Kakouei
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between identity dimensions and attachment style with a tendency towards drug abuse. The research method of this study was the ex post facto. In this study, the population of all high More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between identity dimensions and attachment style with a tendency towards drug abuse. The research method of this study was the ex post facto. In this study, the population of all high school students in the west province included 9504 participants out of whom, 384 were selected through cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to measure the Identity Dimensions (AIQ-IV) Chick et al, Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) Collins &amp; Reid and tendency of drug abuse test (Golparvar). The validity of Identity Dimensions Questionnaire in terms of personal identity was 0.80 to 0.83, relation identity from 0.82 to 0.90, social identity from 0.80 to 0.82 and collective identity from 0.67 to 0.77. The attachment style validity in three sub-scales the social credit; dependence and anxiety were respectively 0.68, 0.71, and 0.52. The questionnaire distinguished three attachment styles: security, anxiety and avoidance. The validity test of the inclination towards drug abuse was estimated to be 0.89. In order to interpret the results, &lsquo;multivariate regression&rsquo; test was used. The results showed that there was a relationship (P&lt;0.05) between the social identity and the communication identity on the one hand, and drug abuse on the other. Also, among the subscales of attachment style, there was a relationship between drug abuse and dependence (P&lt;0.05). Manuscript profile
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        458 - The Investigation of the Effective Psychological, Social and Economical Factors upon the Consumption Model Reforms of the BA Students of the Islamic Azad University of Ghaemshahr in the Educational year of 1389-1390
        Seyedeh Zahra Sadati Behrooz Enayati Mohammad Mahdi Kaverdi
        The year of 1388 was named as the year of consumption model reforms by Iran supreme leader, Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khameneie. Consumption model reforms is the process of an abiding reform of behavior and the available consumers&rsquo; methods in usage of various goods and More
        The year of 1388 was named as the year of consumption model reforms by Iran supreme leader, Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khameneie. Consumption model reforms is the process of an abiding reform of behavior and the available consumers&rsquo; methods in usage of various goods and resources via the promotion of people&rsquo;s knowledge, insight, and attitude. Therefore, it is the stabilization of correct and abiding consumption model in the form of social and cultural training.The purpose of this study is the investigation of the effective psychological, social and economical factors upon the consumption reforms of the BA students of the Islamic Azad University of Ghaemshahr in the educational year of 1389-1390.The present study is a descriptive-metrical study. The statistical universe of this study includes 7524 (seven thousands and five hundreds twenty five) male and female students of Islamic Azad University of Ghaemshahr. The sample of this study includes200 female and 144 male students that the number of sample was estimated by Cerjce and Morgan table model. The random &ndash; classified sampling plan was used in the selection of this sample studying. The needed data for the measurement of variables has been taken out ofa researcher made questioner. The researcher has used 17 questions for the measurement of effective psychological factors upon the consumption model, 9 questions for the measurement of effective social factors and 4 questions for the measurement of effective economical factors in the range of one to five (1-5) at the scale of Likert which its reliability has been equal to 81%.The Statistical analysis was done by SPSS Software and at the inferential level T was used to evaluate the degree of acceptability of each variable. For grading each variable the Frouyd &ndash; test was used. The Komologrov &ndash;Esmirnof (K-S) test was also used to determine the degree of normality of the data.The obtained results from the statistical tests shows that at the level of 5% error, the psychological, social and economical factors were influential in students&rsquo; consumption model. It also indicates that according to grading, there is a difference among the components of the psychological, social and economical factors. In other words, the psychological factors has the most effects, while the social and economical factors would stand in the next ranks in order. Manuscript profile
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        459 - مقایسه استراتژیهای مقابلهای بین زنان مبتلا به سوءمصرف مواد و زنان غیرمبتلا در شهر بندرعباس
        عطاءالله پاغوش علی ندائی سید رضا فلاح چای
        Manuscript profile
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        460 - Agronomic and Economic Evaluation of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and Chickpea (Cicer arietinium L.) Intercropping under Micronutrient Applications
        Yaser Esmaeilian Mohammad Behzad Amiri
        10.30495/jcep.2021.681003
        Today, intercropping as a key strategy of sustainable agriculture, is appreciated by both researchers and farmers in increasing efficiency of environmental resourceing uses, reduce damages due to environmental stresses, and improve the farm income. To this end, a split More
        Today, intercropping as a key strategy of sustainable agriculture, is appreciated by both researchers and farmers in increasing efficiency of environmental resourceing uses, reduce damages due to environmental stresses, and improve the farm income. To this end, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications was conducted at the Research Farm of Gonabad University.Main factor, comprised of&nbsp; 25% safflower + 75% chickpea, 50% safflower + 50% chickpea, 75% safflower + 25% chickpea, and 100% safflower + 100% chickpea intercropping patterns, and sole cropping of the two plants. Subfactors consisted of control (without foliar spray) and foliar spraying of 3 g.lit-1 Fe and Zn. The research results showed that the highest values of branches number (10.5) and head number per plant (22.5) of safflower were achieved from 25% safflower + 75% chickpea and 50% safflower + 50% chickpea intercropping, respectively and the highest seed yield (2070 kg.ha-1) from sole cropping. The branch and head number per plant, 1000-seed weight, and seed yield of safflower were increased significantly due to micronutrient foliar application as compared with control. The plant height (26.4 cm) and seed yield (1739 kg.ha-1) of chickpea showed the highest value in sole cropping while the highest values of pod number per plant (31.9) and seed number per plant (22.2) were obtained from 25% safflower + 75% chickpea intercropping. Micronutrients foliar application improved plant height, pod number per plant, pod length, and seed number per plant of chickpea. The land equivalent ratio values ranged from 1.12 to 1.52. The changes in water use efficiency indices were also higher in all intercropping patterns compared with sole cropping, and the highest value (1.31) was achieved from 75% safflower + 25% chickpea intercropping treatment. The aggressivity index indicated the dominance of safflower over chickpea. All of the intercropping treatments, except for 100% safflower + 100% chickpea pattern, showed real yield increase. The highest value of intercropping advantage (0.51) was obtained from 25% safflower + 75% chickpea treatment while the monetary advantage index (26454751) and the relative total value (1.44) were higher in 100% safflower + 100% chickpea intercropping as compared to the other cropping patterns. Manuscript profile
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        461 - Effects of Soil Salinization and Waterlogging on the Concentrations of Some Macronutrients and Sodium in Corn Root
        نصرت اله Najafi
        Salinity and waterlogging are two abiotic stresses decrease plants yield. In this research, the effects of soil salinization and waterlogging having concentrations of calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) and K:Na ratio in corn (Zea mays cv. single More
        Salinity and waterlogging are two abiotic stresses decrease plants yield. In this research, the effects of soil salinization and waterlogging having concentrations of calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) and K:Na ratio in corn (Zea mays cv. single cross 704) root were studied under greenhouse conditions. A factorial experiment with two factors on the basis of completely randomized design with three replications was performed. The factors under study were: waterlogging duration in five levels (0, 2, 4, 8, 20 days) and soil saturate extract salinity in four levels (0.11, 2, 4, 8 dS/m). A loamy sand soil for plant growth substrate and NaCl salt for establishing the levels of salinity was used. The salinity and waterlogging factors were imposed simultaneously to the plants from the five-leaf stage of plant growth period. The plants were harvested 60 days after sowing and the concentrations of Ca, K, Mg and Na in corn root were determined by dry ashi method. The results showed that by increasing the level of NaCl salinity in the soil, the K concentration and K:Na ratio of corn root were decreased significantly but concentrations of Ca, Mg and Na in corn root were increased significantly. The Mg and Na concentrations of root in waterlogged conditions were significantly lower than that of non-waterlogged conditions but the K and Ca concentrations of root in waterlogged conditions were significantly greater than non-waterlogged conditions. However, the effects of soil waterlogging duration on the Ca, K, Mg and Na concentrations and Na:K ratio of root were dependent on the level of NaCl salinity in the soil. The results demonstrated that even short periods of soil waterlogging had considerable long-term effects on the concentrations of Ca, K, Mg and Na and K:Na ratio in corn root under saline and non-saline conditions. Manuscript profile
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        462 - Evaluation Nitrogen and Radiation Use Efficiency of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) under Irrigation Levels
        A. Ghanbari B. Fakheri E. Amiri A. Tavassoli
        Water and nitrogen are among the most important limiting factors controlling yield in crops. With due attention to importance this subject, in wheat a split plot experiment was carried out in the field, using randomized complete block design with three replications unde More
        Water and nitrogen are among the most important limiting factors controlling yield in crops. With due attention to importance this subject, in wheat a split plot experiment was carried out in the field, using randomized complete block design with three replications under different irrigation and nitrogen levels during the cropping season of 2009-10 in Shirvan region. The experimental treatments consisted of four levels of irrigation, I1= optimum irrigation (field capacity, FC), I2= Irrigation at 80% FC, I3= Irrigation at 60% FC and I4= without irrigation which were assign to main-plots, and four levels of nitrogen fertilizers, namely, N1= 0, N2= 100, N3= 175 and N4= 250 kg N/ha to sub-plots. The results of experiment showed that the highest amount of seed yield, biological yield, leaf area index during different growth stages, radiation use efficiency and nitrogen content in whole wheat and seed obtained from treatment of optimum irrigation (I1) and applications of highest nitrogen fertilizer level (N4), but there wasn&rsquo;t significant different between this treatment with treatment of optimum irrigation and consumption of 175 kg N/ha (I1N3). The lowest values were obtained from treatment of no irrigation and nitrogen (I4N1). For nitrogen use efficiency there was two different conditions. In the first condition, nitrogen use efficiency increased under optimum irrigation (I1) and irrigation at 80% FC (I2) with increasing nitrogen level from N1 to N4. In the second condition, nitrogen use efficiency decreased under irrigation of 60% FC (I3) and without irrigation (I4) with increasing nitrogen level from N1 to N4. Generally, it can be concluded that to obtain the highest yield in region, optimum irrigation is necessary. To obtain highest nitrogen fertilizer consumption and seed yield 250 kg N/ha would be required however there wasn&rsquo;t significant difference between 250 an 175 kg N/ha applications. Manuscript profile
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        463 - Evaluation of the Effects of Integrated Management Weed Control on Corn Field by Using Reduced Dose of Foramsulfuron and Nicosulfuron Herbicides
        M. Matinfar M. Matinfar F. Lotfi Mavi A.R. Shayestehnia
        In order to evaluate the effects of integrated weed management on weed control by using reduced herbicide dose, a field experiment was conducted in 2010 in Qazvin. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with 24 treatments and 4 replications. Th More
        In order to evaluate the effects of integrated weed management on weed control by using reduced herbicide dose, a field experiment was conducted in 2010 in Qazvin. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with 24 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were: different planting patterns at three levels (single row, square double rows and zigzag double row&nbsp; plantings) and doses of&nbsp; Nicosulfuron and Foramsulfuron application at four levels (1, 1/5, 2 and 2/5 liters per hectare), The results showed that among the different planting patterns, zigzag planting reduced weed populations and their dry weights significantly. Foramsulfuron herbicide could control weeds better than Nicosulfuron. Among the herbicide dosages, 2/5 litter dose per hectare highly reduced weed density its dry weight as compared to one litter dose. Manuscript profile
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        464 - The Effect of Drought Stress on Agrophysiological Traits of Corn (Zea mays L.) Cultivars in Khoy Condition
        MirHamid Aboutalebi Abdollah Hasanzadeh Ghorttapeh Amir Fayaz Moghadam
        10.30495/jcep.2020.671642
        Over use of water and unnecessary limitation irrigation water, both affects economic production of corn. Therefore, it is necessary to use different irrigation regimes in order to determine the most suitable irrigation interval with minimum effect on yield. To study the More
        Over use of water and unnecessary limitation irrigation water, both affects economic production of corn. Therefore, it is necessary to use different irrigation regimes in order to determine the most suitable irrigation interval with minimum effect on yield. To study the effect of different irrigation regimes on forage and grain yield of three varieties of maize, an experiment was carried out at the Research Center of Khoy, a province of west Azarbaijan, in 2008. The experiment was carried out with four replications in an form of split plot based on randomized complete block design. The main plot consisted of four levels of irrigation intervals (I1, I2, I3 and I4) of corn plots, irrigated after 60, 90, 120 and 150 (mm) evapotranspiration pan. Subplots consisted of three varieties of corn (SC704, Maxima524, Jeta600). In this experiment, different features of maize varieties were analyzed and measured at milk stage (R3) as forage. Results showed that by increasing irrigation cycle and as a result decreasing water using in four levels of irrigation, traits like forage yield, ear weight, plant height, stem and leaf weight, ear leaf area and relative water content have decrease in treatment according to decrease in water used. Among three the varieties under study, Maxima524 due to lower growing period as compared to the other two varieties, used low water volumes while yielded equal to the other two varieties. Overall, results showed that Maxima524 based on irrigation after 90 mm evaporation is found to be low water user against optimal performance. Manuscript profile
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        465 - Effect of Deficit Irrigation Conditions on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivars in Ardabil Climatic
        Atousa Shafaroodi Mahnaz Sharifi Abdolghayoum Gholipouri Broomand Salahi Mohammadbagher Aalizadeh
        10.30495/jcep.2021.681010
        Selection of tolerant cultivars to water stress in areas with reduced rainfall is important. A split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the Ardabil Agricultural Research Center during 2015-2016. The exper More
        Selection of tolerant cultivars to water stress in areas with reduced rainfall is important. A split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the Ardabil Agricultural Research Center during 2015-2016. The experiment factors consisted of three irrigation regimes: full irrigation (with 100% water requirement) considered as control and 15 and 30 days irrigation intervals assigned to main plots and five potato cultivars consisted of: 397081-1 and 397082-10 Clones and Agria, Caesar and Savalan cultivars assigned to sub plots. In this experiment, clones 397082-10 and 397081-1 and Savalan cultivar had relative superiority in terms of tuber yield, tuber dry matter, water use efficiency and high marketable tuber yield compared to Caesar and Agria. Also, in both years of experiment, the trend of variation of these cultivars for the studied traits were similar under deficit irrigation interval of 15-days. The results were not significantly different against control treatment. As a result, 15-days interval irrigation can be used to save water in the Ardabil area. Manuscript profile
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        466 - Relationship between Balanced Fertilization and Healthy Agricultural Products (A Review)
        M.J. Malakouti
        Based on World Health Organization (WHO) report, our society&rsquo;s health ranks 123 among 192 countries. Unfortunately, this ranking position is very low and its main reason is malnutrition due to imbalanced fertilization. Although more than 85% of Iranian people are More
        Based on World Health Organization (WHO) report, our society&rsquo;s health ranks 123 among 192 countries. Unfortunately, this ranking position is very low and its main reason is malnutrition due to imbalanced fertilization. Although more than 85% of Iranian people are not hungry, about 90% of them are suffering from cell hunger, because agricultural authorities and hence producers do not pay attention to food security. According to the latest information, about 86.5% of applied fertilizers in our country appertain to urea and triple super phosphate. In fact, this is an alarming issue in respect to the production of healthy agricultural products and it remains a threat to food security. At present, a total subsidy of more than 7,000 billion rials is paid for nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) fertilizers. Whereas, it should be considered that, firstly, the efficiency of these fertilizers, due to different reasons such as mismanagement and existing subsidy level, is low and, secondly, the overuse of these fertilizers causes the accumulation of nitrate (NO3) and cadmium (Cd) in agricultural products. Furthermore, according to the law of minimum, the overdosed fertilizers do not have any special positive effect on sustainable production and society&rsquo;s health. Paying for such high-cost subsidy just for N and P-fertilizers has caused farmers to overuse and waste these fertilizers in the country and moreover not having any tendency to apply biologic, organic and micronutrient fertilizers. Whereas, the application of these fertilizers, beside their adaptability with the environment, has a very positive effect on the human health. Therefore, at this time scientific management of production and application of all kinds of fertilizers is inevitable. In this case, by improving the quality of all types of fertilizers, and following the principle of balanced fertilization, besides achieving the desired yield increase, the quality of agricultural products will be enhanced and the level of society&rsquo;s health will be promoted automatically. Furthermore, there is a close and positive relationship between balanced fertilization and production of healthy agricultural products. The authorities of&nbsp; the Ministry of Jehad-e- Agriculture are supposed to consider this important principle for a) supplying suitable kinds and amounts of fertilizers during&nbsp; application seasons in producing agricultural products; b) banning&nbsp; the act of burning the plants' residues; c) considering the rules of balanced fertilization; d) enrichment of agricultural products on the farm; e) scientific management of production and application of all kinds of fertilizers; f) implementing the criteria set for Article 61 of the Fourth Development Plan; g) avoiding the import of P-fertilizers which contain Cd in excess of 25 mg/kg and h) removing the subsidy on N and P-fertilizers in order to increase the yield and quality of agricultural products and enhance society's health. Manuscript profile
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        467 - Effect of Foliar Applications of Humic Acid, Iron and Zinc on some Characteristics of Negro (Guizotia abyssinica L.)
        Ali Tadayyon Sedigheh Beheshti
        One of the most important needs in farm planning is the evaluation of different systems of plant nutrition. By supplying the correct way of plant nutrition you can preserve the environment and increase efficiency of agricultural inputs. In order to investigate the effec More
        One of the most important needs in farm planning is the evaluation of different systems of plant nutrition. By supplying the correct way of plant nutrition you can preserve the environment and increase efficiency of agricultural inputs. In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of organic fertilizers and micronutrients on some characteristics of neger, a field experiment was conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications at Agricultural Research Station of Shahrekord University in 2013-2014. Treatments consisted of control, three levels of humic acid (1, 3, and 6 liters/ha of humic acid, iron (4 per thousand), and zinc (4 per thousand). In this experiment traits like plant height, stem diameter, stem branch number, biological yield, seed yield, harvest index, and percent and oil yield were evaluated. The results showed that foliar application of these materials resulted in significant increase in the traits under study. Oil yield increased by 63 and 53 percent with the use of 6 liters humic acid and zinc respectively, as compared to the use of 1 liter per hectare. This may be the outcome of increased in oil yield and protein content. Meanwhile, the highest percentage of protein observed for tratment of 6 liters per hectare. The highest response of traits firstly obtained by use of 6 liters per hectare humic acid and then from spraying plants with the zinc which shows its limited absorption and/or probably the lack of this element in the soil where the experiment was conducted. Manuscript profile
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        468 - Evaluation of Micronutrient Application at Different Growth Stages on Yield and Yield Components and Grain Quality of Sweet Corn
        Afsaneh Yousefpour Elnaz Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi
        This study aimed to investigate the impact of micro fertilizer application (Iron and zinc alone or together as foliar application in 2.5 and 5 per thousand concentration or soil application in 15 or 30 kg.ha-1) and the fertilizers application time (control, soil applica More
        This study aimed to investigate the impact of micro fertilizer application (Iron and zinc alone or together as foliar application in 2.5 and 5 per thousand concentration or soil application in 15 or 30 kg.ha-1) and the fertilizers application time (control, soil application of fertilizers, spraying at vegetative growth stage, spraying in tassel stage, spraying in two phases of growth and tasseling stage, spraying in grain filling stage and spraying in three stages of growth, tasseling and grain filling) on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays convar. saccharata var. rugosa). The experiment was conducted in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch during 2016 growing season as split plot using a randomized complete block design with three replications. According to the results of the study fertilizer treatments had statistically similar effects on seed of dry yield. All four treatments, soil application of fertilizers, spraying at vegetative growth stage, spraying at two stages of vegetative stage and tasseling and spraying at three stages of vegetative stage, tasseling and grain filling increased this trait similarly and increased seed dry yield by 20, 12, 21 and 22 percent which could be only due to increasing number of seeds produced. According to the survey results in just two treatments, soil application of 5 kg.ha-1 iron and foliar application of iron and zinc in the vegetative and early reproductive stage at a concentration of 5 per thousand, an increase of optimal gains, respectively 334850 and 271298 tomans net income per hectare, obtained. Manuscript profile
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        469 - The Effect of Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Quality Traits and Yield of Bam Population of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
        hojjat safari kamal abadi Seyed Alireza Valadabadi Jahanfar Daneshian Hosein Heydari Sharifabad Amin Baghizade
        10.30495/jcep.2019.666254
        To investigate the effect of foliar application of micronutrients on chlorophyll and protein content and yield of alfalafa populations and evaluate economics obtain cost- effect, an experiment was carried out in split split plot by time with four replications using a ra More
        To investigate the effect of foliar application of micronutrients on chlorophyll and protein content and yield of alfalafa populations and evaluate economics obtain cost- effect, an experiment was carried out in split split plot by time with four replications using a randomized complete blocks desighn at the Shahid Zendeh-Ruh Agricultural Research Center of Kerman. Experimental treatments were micronutrients with five levels: Fe, Zn, Mn, Fe+Zn+Mn and control (without nutrient applications), bacterial inoculation, with three levels: Rhizobium melilloti, Rhizobium legumenasarum and without inoculation. Foliar application had a positive significant effect on all traits under study and increased chlorophyll and protein contents, and alfalfa forage yeild. The highest fresh forage yield belonged to second cutting (71 t.ha-1) by using combined micronutrient foliar application and to third cutting (68 t.ha-1) by using Rhizobium leguminosarum. The highest protein rate was observed in Mn foliar application and Rhizobium meliloti inoculation at second cutting by 50%. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that foliar application of micronutrients and inoculation with Rhizobium bacteria improves morphological characteristics of Bami population of alfalfa in Kerman region. Manuscript profile
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        470 - Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates and Its Split Application on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd.) Cultivars
        Mahsa Mansouri Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Abdolali Gilani Shahram Lak Mani Mojdam
        10.30495/jcep.2021.687066
        To evaluate the effect of nitrogen rate and its split application on seed yield and nitrogrn use efficiency (NUE) of quinoa cultivars, experiments were performed during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 growing seasons as factor split plot based on randomized complete block desig More
        To evaluate the effect of nitrogen rate and its split application on seed yield and nitrogrn use efficiency (NUE) of quinoa cultivars, experiments were performed during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 growing seasons as factor split plot based on randomized complete block design with three repetitions at Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Training Center Station. Experiment treatments were nitrogen fertilizer (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg.ha-1) as the main factor and four levels of split nitrogen fertilizer applications (50% basic + 50% six-leaf, 50% basic + 25% Six-leaf percentage + 25% mid-flowering, 25% basic + 50% six-leaf + 25% mid-flowering and 25% basic + 25% six-leaf + 50% mid-flowering) and three cultivars of quinoa (Gizat, Q26, Titicaca) as sub-plot. The results showed, SPAD, height plant, number of plant branches, number of panicules per area unit and seeds per panicule as influenced by nitrogen content &times; split &times; cultivare, interaction. The years&times; nitrogen rate&times;split application&times; cultivar intractions were significant on plant height, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, biological yields, harvest index and NUE. The highest seed yield under all different levels of nitrogen was related to cultivar Q26, in both years by the use of 200 kg of nitrogen, the highest seed yield in the first year belonged to at 25% base application + 50% at six-leaf stage+ 25% at mid-flowering stage and in the second year, to at 50% as base application+ 25% at six-leaf stage+ 25% mid-flowering stage. Highest NUE belonged to Gizal (52.8 g.kg-1) and Q26 (51.8 g.kg-1) cultvars from 200 kg.ha-1 nitrogen by split applications of 25% base + 25% at six-leaf stage+ 50% at mid-flowering stage, while in second year from 100 kg.ha-1 nitrogen. In general, climatic conditions and split application of fertilizer were effective roles in increasing the efficiency of nitrogen consumption. Thus by the use of proper management seed yield can be increased and the risk of its production decreased. Manuscript profile
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        471 - The Response of Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids with Different Maturity Groups to Low Dose Application of Nicosulfuron Herbicide
        Iraj Rooki M. Armin Matin Jamimoeini
        10.30495/jcep.2019.666257
        To investigate the response of corn varieties with different maturity groups to low dose applications of nicosulfuron herbicide, a split plot experiment with a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out in Barekat Jovain Agricultural Compan More
        To investigate the response of corn varieties with different maturity groups to low dose applications of nicosulfuron herbicide, a split plot experiment with a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out in Barekat Jovain Agricultural Company (Sabzevar, Razavikhorasan province) in 2017. Factors were: corn hybrids (early maturing (single cross hybrid 260, medium maturing (single cross hybrid 400) and late maturing (single cross hybrid 704) varieties as main plot and subplots five herbicide low dose applications (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% recommended dose (50 g.ha-1 a.i. nicosulfuron) and with one weed free treatment. The results showed that, the late maturity hybrid had higher plant height, ear weight, number of rows per cob, number of seeds per row, cob weight, and seed number in cob, economic yield, biological yield, weed density and weed dry weight than other hybrids. Increasing doses of herbicide increased plant height (0.64%), ear weight (39.45%), number of rows per cob (8.93%), number of seeds per row (30.15%), seed weight (10.68%), number of seed per cob (40.63%), economic yield (41.82%), biological yield (14.95%)and decreased weed density (70.88%)and weed dry weight (82.17%) as compared to that of weedy condition. Although use of herbicide to reduce weed dry weight in late maturing hybrids was more than early and medium maturing hybrids but the use of the recommended herbicide dose had the same effects on weed control. 75% of the recommended dose in all three varieties produced the same yield as compared to the recommended dose. But in the late maturity hybrid, 50% reduction in recommended doses could be similar to the recommended dosage. In general, it can be said that increasing the length of the plant growth period allows the use of lower doses of herbicide than the recommended dose. Manuscript profile
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        472 - Response of Some Physiological Parameters of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Varieties to Manure, Chemical Fertilizer and Their Combined Uses
        Sajjad Nasiri Sohrab Mahmoudi Mohammad Ali Behdani Alireza Samadzadeh
        To evaluate the effects of manure, chemical fertilizers and their combined uses on yield and some physiological parameters of tomato varieties, an experiment was conducted as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Fa More
        To evaluate the effects of manure, chemical fertilizers and their combined uses on yield and some physiological parameters of tomato varieties, an experiment was conducted as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Faculty of the University of Birjand in 2014. In this experiment fertilizer with 3 levels (manure, chemical fertilizer and their combined uses) asseigned to main plots and three tomato varieties (Orbana, Super chief and Super majar) to sub plots. Physiological parameters under study were LAI, CGR, RGR and NAR which measured every 10 days after the seedling establishment. The results showed significant effects of fertilizer and varieties on these parameters. The highest leaf area index (3.56) was obtained by the used of chemical fertilizers and the lowest (3) by the application of manure. Orbana possessed the highest LAI (4) and Super chief the lowest LAI (2.78). In this experiment, the highest crop growth rate (CGR) belonged to Orbana by the use of combined application of fertilizers and the lowest to Super Chief by the use of manure. Plants treated with chemical fertilizer had the highest relative growth rate (RGR) and those treated with their combined application and manure stood in the lower categories. The highest total tomato yield was related to the use of chemical fertilizer and the lowest to the use of combined fertilizers. The results of this experiment can be used to emphasize the role of organic fertilizers to produce highest tomato yield, both in quantity and quality, in this region and other similar regions in the country. Manuscript profile
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        473 - Evaluation of AquaCrop Model in Simulating Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Three Corn Hybrids under Hot-Dry Climatic Conditions
        Yaser Esmaeilian Mahmoud Ramroudi
        Nowadays, crop simulation models have a key role in crop growth and yield estimation, production planning, production economy and identifying strategies for crops supply. In this research, AquaCrop model was calibrated and evaluated for three corn hybrids; (DC 370, ZP 6 More
        Nowadays, crop simulation models have a key role in crop growth and yield estimation, production planning, production economy and identifying strategies for crops supply. In this research, AquaCrop model was calibrated and evaluated for three corn hybrids; (DC 370, ZP 677, and SC 704) under different levels of water supply (non stress, mid stress, and severe stress) and nitrogen rates (0, 120, 180, and 240 kg N/ha). For model validation, normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) and determination of coefficient (R2) were used. Result showed that the model simulated grain yield of corn hybrids with high precision. Simulation precision decreased with increasing drought stress. The lowest nRMSE (7.5%) and highest R2 (0.93) were obtained from ZP 677 hybrid. The model simulated corn biological yield with more deviation percentage than grain yield. However, it&acute;s variation trend due to variation in drought stress level or nitrogen fertilizer predicted well according to field experiment. nRMSE ranged from 6.8 and 10.9, while R2 varied from 0.82 to 0.92. AquaCrop model simulated the variation of water use efficiency of corn hybrids with reasonable accuracy, so that it&acute;s value increased with increasing drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer application, while, model outputs in most situations were lower than measured values. The best model validation result (nRMSE=6.4% and R2= 0.93) obtained from ZP 677 hybrid. According to the results were obtained, AquaCrop model can be applied with high reliability for simulating corn yield under similar climatic regions of this experiment. Manuscript profile
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        474 - Effect of Weed Interference in Different Agronomic Managements on Grain Yield and Yield Components of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
        محمد Asghari M. Armin
        A field experiment was conducted in 2012 at the Agricultural Research Station of Motahari of Sabzevar, to determine the influence of different crop management practices and weed interference duration on grain yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). More
        A field experiment was conducted in 2012 at the Agricultural Research Station of Motahari of Sabzevar, to determine the influence of different crop management practices and weed interference duration on grain yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). A split plot experiment was employed in randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots consisted of three crop management practices (Low, Medium and High input levels) and sub plot of five weed interference duration (0 as control, 15, 30, 45 and 60 weedy days after chickpea emergence). The results showed weed density, weed dry weight and number of plants per pod were not affected by crop management practices, however, plant height, biological and economic yield were inflenced by crop management practices. High input level had the highest plant height, biological and economic yield. Increased interference reduced yield, number of plants per pod and number of branches per plant of chickpea. Yield loss after full-season weed competition (60 days interference) was 80.60% as compared to control. Although increasing of weed interference reduced weed density but weed dry weight was increased. Fitted logistic regression function coefficients showed that the onset of yield loss was earlier (24.5 days after emergence) at low input levels while at high input levels it was postponed to 26 days after emergence. It can be conducted that increasing interference duration would reduce yield and yield components of chickpea, but under high input conditions competitiveness of chickpea will be increased. Manuscript profile
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        475 - Effect of Application Methods of Vermicompost and Chemical Fertilizers on Tuber Yield and Some Morphological Traits of Potato (Solanum tuberosum)
        Farnaz Monaghash Abbas Maleki Heydar Zolnorian
        To investigate the effect of vermicompost, chemical fertilizers and their application methods on tuber yield and some morphological traits of potato (Agria cultivar) an experiment was carried out in Mahidasht Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in Kermans More
        To investigate the effect of vermicompost, chemical fertilizers and their application methods on tuber yield and some morphological traits of potato (Agria cultivar) an experiment was carried out in Mahidasht Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in Kermanshah Province during 2012-2013 cropping season. The experiment was carried out in a split plot factorial using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Levels of vermicompost (0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 t/ha) were assigned to main plots, and chemical fertilizers with three levels (0, 50 and 100 % chemical fertilizer recommended) of the amount of 225 kg/ha of urea, 150 kg/ha of potassium sulfate, 105 kg/ha of triple super phosphate and 52 kg/ha zinc sulfate and on 50% level respectively 112.5, 75, 52.5 and 26 kg/ha and fertilizer application methods at 3 levels (broadcast, one band and two band application) to subplots. The results showed that increasing the amount of vermicompost about 3.5 t/ha and reducing chemical fertilizer by 50% and applying it in two band increased plant height, number of stems per plant and tuber yield. The highest tuber yield was obtained from application of 3.5 t/ha of vermicompost, 50% chemical fertilizer and two band fertilizer applications (37 t/ha). This study indicated the positive effect of vermicompost on potato tuber yield. Thus, it can be suggested that combined application of chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers may reduce chemical fertilizers usage and reduce also the environmental pollutions. Manuscript profile
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        476 - Effect of Different Deficit-Irrigation Methods on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat (Parsi Cultivar)
        Nadia Jafari Fayaz Aghayari Farzad Paknejad
        To study the effect of different deficit-irrigation methods on yield and water use efficiency of wheat under different water applications a field experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement using randomized complete block design with four replications at the Re More
        To study the effect of different deficit-irrigation methods on yield and water use efficiency of wheat under different water applications a field experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement using randomized complete block design with four replications at the Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch, Iran in 2014-2015 growing year. Deficit irrigation with three levels were I100: use of 100% wheat water requirement, I75: use of 75% wheat water requirement and I50: use of 50% wheat water requirement, which were assigned to the main plots and irrigation methods with three levels, consisting of M1: conventional furrow irrigation, M2: fixed alternate-furrow irrigation and M3: periodic alternate-furrow irrigation which were assigned to the sub plots. The results showed that by using 100% wheat water requirement grain yield in the fixed and periodic alternate-furrow irrigation methods decreased by 21.8 and 23.7 percents as compared to conventional furrow irrigation method, respectively. The highest water use efficiency for grain yield (1.63 kg.m-3) was obtained when 75% wheat water requirement and fixed and alternate-furrow irrigation methods and the lowest water use efficiency for grain yield (1.24 kg.m-3) was obtained when to 50% wheat water requirement, with conventional furrow irrigation method, was used. Also, the highest water use efficiency for biologic yield (4.38 kg.m-3) was obtained at 50% wheat water requirement, with fixed alternate-furrow irrigation method, that decreased 31.5 percent as compared to I100M1. According to the results of this study, the application of alternate furrow irrigation with 75% crop water requirement can be used to increase water use efficiency for wheat yield in the studied area. Manuscript profile
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        477 - Response of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Agronomic Characteristics to Time, Rate and Methods of Nitrogen Applications
        MOHAMMAD MIRZAKHANI
        To investigate the response of safflower agronomic characteristics to time, rate and method of nitrogen applications, an experiment was carried out at the research Field of Payaam Nour Arak University in Markazi province during 2011. A factorial arrangement of treatment More
        To investigate the response of safflower agronomic characteristics to time, rate and method of nitrogen applications, an experiment was carried out at the research Field of Payaam Nour Arak University in Markazi province during 2011. A factorial arrangement of treatment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Time of nitrogen treatment was with three levels (half in planting date + half in rosette stage), (half in rosette stage + half in stem elongation) and (half in stem elongation + half in boll forming stage), urea application was two levels (150 and 300 kg.ha-1) and method of application was with three levels (mixed with soil, used in irrigation water and foliar application). Each plot consisted of 4 rows, 5 m long with 50 cm between rows and 5 cm between plants on the rows. Results indicated that the effect of application time on the characteristics like: height of branch, number of sub-branches, number of seeds per m-2, number of seeds per plant, biological yield of bolls, seed yield of bolls, harvest index of bolls were significant. The effect of nitrogen treatment rates on branch height, number of sub-branches, number of seeds per m-2, number of seeds per plant, biological yield of boll, harvest index of boll, and nitrogen use efficiency were also significant. Mean nitrogen use efficiencies for foliar application was 63.27% and for soil mixed application was 6.86%. Thus, it seems that foliar application of urea not only decreases environmental but also increases nitrogen use efficiency. Manuscript profile
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        478 - Investigating the Relationship between Social Capital and Cultural Capital with Attitudes Toward Drug Abuse among Youth in District 5 of Tehran Municipality
        Abbas Ghaedamini Harouni Mehrdad Sadeghi de cheshmeh Reza Ebrahimzadeh Dastjerdi Majed Maharani Barzani
        10.30495/jss.2020.1869344.1152
        The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social capital and cultural capital with attitudes toward drug abuse in the youth of District 5 of Tehran Municipality. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of how to collect descri More
        The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social capital and cultural capital with attitudes toward drug abuse in the youth of District 5 of Tehran Municipality. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of how to collect descriptive correlational information. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all the youth of District 5 of Tehran Municipality in the number of 659203 that 384 people were selected as a sample through cluster random sampling method through Cochran sampling formula. The research instruments were Nahapit Goshal (2006) Social Capital Standard Questionnaire, Bourdieu Cultural Capital Standard Questionnaire (2005) and Delavar et al.'s (1383) Standard Questionnaire on Attitudes toward Drug Abuse, which confirmed the validity and reliability of the questionnaires. Showed that social capital and cultural capital have a significant negative relationship with attitudes toward drug abuse among the youth of District 5 of Tehran Municipality. Increasing social capital and cultural capital causes a negative attitude towards drug abuse among the youth of District 5 of Tehran Municipality Manuscript profile
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        479 - The investigating types of cultural consumption in Shiraz based on the "Voraciousness" approach of Sullivan and Katz-Grove in 2020
        Rasool Yusefi Majid Reza Moghanipour Zarekhalili Fathollah Fariba Garavi Manjili
        10.30495/jss.2021.1913033.1253
        Although consumption is a matter for human societies, it is only in the last century that it has emerged on a large scale as one of the fundamental features of society. Many consider consumption as an ideological phenomenon that plays a fundamental role in maintaining s More
        Although consumption is a matter for human societies, it is only in the last century that it has emerged on a large scale as one of the fundamental features of society. Many consider consumption as an ideological phenomenon that plays a fundamental role in maintaining social relations as well as maintaining relationships between people and their physical environment. Cultural consumption is also considered as one of the forms of consumption, prone to perform different social functions. In the present article, the effect of social and personal characteristics on the diversity and frequency of cultural consumption and habits has been investigated using the "Voraciousness" approach. In this research, which is a survey method and was conducted using a questionnaire in Shiraz, by using the available resources, the necessary criteria for compiling a questionnaire were extracted then divided among 376 people and the relationship among the economic, cultural, social capital and other variables such as age, gender, education, etc. with the diversity and frequency of cultural habits and uses were investigated. The main results mentioned are the effect of cultural and social capital on the diversity and abundance of cultural activities and habits, the effect of gender on the diversity of cultural habits, the effect of marital status on the frequency of cultural activities and other cases. Manuscript profile
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        480 - Lifestyle and body management: A Sociological study (Case study: Women in Rafsanjan)
        Mohammad ali Amirpoorsaeed Behnaz Seifi Ahmad Rezaii
        10.30495/jss.2021.1933118.1344
        Body image is a multidimensional structure that refers to a person's perception and attitude about the size and shape of a person's body. Body and appearance management has gained the importance of special studies among social phenomena today. In modern times, the way o More
        Body image is a multidimensional structure that refers to a person's perception and attitude about the size and shape of a person's body. Body and appearance management has gained the importance of special studies among social phenomena today. In modern times, the way of managing the appearance of the body as an identifier has played an essential role in others' judgments of the individual and the representation of the personality of individuals. Such representations and attitudes towards the body and appearance of people originate from certain lifestyles. In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the relationship between different aspects of lifestyle and body management using the theories of Bourdieu, Foucault and Giddens. The statistical population of the study consists of women in Rafsanjan, which according to Cochran's formula, 383 people have been studied as a statistical sample. The research findings were analyzed using Spss software. The results show that there is a significant relationship between lifestyle indicators (cultural consumption, shopping patterns and leisure) and body management. The results also show the significance of the relationship between body management and contextual variables (age, marital status and economic and social status). Regression coefficients also show that about 30% of the variance of body management is explained by the independent variables of this study that the variable of purchasing patterns has the highest predictability.. Manuscript profile
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        481 - Comparison of the amount and type of use of Tehran citizens From print media to audio-visual media
        Badee Ghorbani Somayeh Tajik Esmaeili Sarvenaz Torbati
        10.30495/jss.2022.1952850.1431
        The present study was designed and conducted with the aim of comparing the amount and type of use of written media with audio-visual media by Tehran citizens. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive method and has been performed with a survey techni More
        The present study was designed and conducted with the aim of comparing the amount and type of use of written media with audio-visual media by Tehran citizens. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive method and has been performed with a survey technique and a questionnaire measurement tool. The statistical population includes all citizens living in Tehran, which according to the latest census in 2016 and the statistics available on the website of the Statistics Center of Iran is 8,693,706 people. The research questionnaires were distributed through a google form among a sample of 396 people and were analyzed using SPSS. Findings showed that the amount and type of use of print media by Tehran citizens is different from audio-visual media and the rate of citizens' use of written media (such as books, newspapers, weekly, monthly, etc.) of audio-visual media (radio, television) , Cinema, theater, internet and cyberspace) less. This difference in media consumption is in some cases also due to the gender of the citizens.. Manuscript profile
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        482 - Phenomenology of cultural barriers to development in Zanjan
        Leila Naderloo Robabeh Pourjabali Mahbooe Babaei
        10.30495/jss.2022.1946863.1410
        The main purpose of this research is to study, understand and conceptualize the concept of development culture and barriers to development in Zanjan, which in terms of the purpose of applied research and in terms of method, qualitative research with a phenomenological a More
        The main purpose of this research is to study, understand and conceptualize the concept of development culture and barriers to development in Zanjan, which in terms of the purpose of applied research and in terms of method, qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. The average duration of each interview was 30 to 60 minutes. Klaizi analysis method was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the spread of globalization and the advancement of technology and the culture of misuse of development tools such as the Internet, satellite, cyberspace, etc., has shaken the foundation of families, tendency to individualism and negative utilitarianism, as well as the opposition between tradition and modernity, extreme prejudice. Severe prejudice, from alienation and consumerism, the occurrence of cultural changes to cultural development, Lack of social demands, lack of attention to legalism and correct social behavior, failure to realize social, cultural, symbolic, human, economic, political and ... Capital renaissance , Other cultural barriers to development were developed from the results of the study.the &nbsp;Conflict of interest Manuscript profile
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        483 - Cultural factors related to ostentatious consumerism among the citizens of Tehran's 11th district
        Maysam Naghashzadeh Neda Soleymani
        10.30495/jss.2022.1953174.1436
        Culture is the context in which sustainable social behaviors take place. Consumerism has found new functions with its own symbols and signs expressing the lifestyle, inclinations, thoughts and ideals and as representing the identity of its perpetrators. The main purpose More
        Culture is the context in which sustainable social behaviors take place. Consumerism has found new functions with its own symbols and signs expressing the lifestyle, inclinations, thoughts and ideals and as representing the identity of its perpetrators. The main purpose of this study was to determine the cultural factors related to ostentatious consumerism among the citizens of District 11 of Tehran. The statistical population was the citizens of District 11 of Tehran and the method was cluster random sampling and the sample size was 384. In order to test the hypotheses, regression test was used. The results showed that cultural factors have a significant relationship with ostentatious consumerism of Tehran citizens, ie there is a significant relationship between social collectivism, courage, future orientation and ostentatious consumerism among Tehran citizens. Explaining this finding, it should be said that human consumption behaviors are considered sustainable behaviors in the long run and it is not possible to change these behaviors without changing culture. Therefore, in order to change the consumption behavior of individuals in society, special credit should be given to the culture factor. Manuscript profile
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        484 - Communication and social factors affecting the consumption of smuggled cosmetics and health products (Case study: citizens over 15 years of age in West Azerbaijan province)
        Mina Abdolalizadeh Torkamani Bita Shahmansoory Robabeh Pourjebeli
        10.30495/jss.2022.1961430.1470
        The spread of consumption in the world today has gone so far that today it is considered an indicator of lifestyle and even some consider modern life without consumption meaningless. In this regard, since the consumption of smuggled cosmetics in West Azerbaijan province More
        The spread of consumption in the world today has gone so far that today it is considered an indicator of lifestyle and even some consider modern life without consumption meaningless. In this regard, since the consumption of smuggled cosmetics in West Azerbaijan province has an increasing trend, so in this study, the communication and social determinants affecting the consumption of smuggled cosmetics in West Azerbaijan province are investigated. The research method is survey and the statistical population includes citizens over 15 years of age in West Azerbaijan province, 674 of whom have been selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS and Lisrel software. The results showed that the consumption of smuggled health and beauty products is more than average among the respondents and the use of domestic media is less than average and the use of foreign and virtual media is above average. The results of explanatory analyzes in the quantitative phase of the research showed that the variables of gender (in favor of women), socio-economic status (in a positive direction), rate of use of internal media (in a negative direction), rate of use of external media (in a positive direction), The use of virtual media (in a positive direction), health literacy (in a negative direction) and differentiation (in a positive direction) have a significant impact on the consumption of smuggled cosmetics and cosmetics. Explain that the impact of foreign and virtual media is greater than other variables. Manuscript profile
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        485 - The study of the relationship between social and cultural capital and the tendency to immigration from Khoy
        Mohammad Abbaspour Samad Sabagh
        10.30495/jss.2019.666657
        Immigration has been considered as a form of geographical movementof the population, occurring among two geographical units. The movementmust necessarily lead to a change in the usual residence of the individualfrom the origin or his residence before immigration to dest More
        Immigration has been considered as a form of geographical movementof the population, occurring among two geographical units. The movementmust necessarily lead to a change in the usual residence of the individualfrom the origin or his residence before immigration to destination or newresidence. The present study aims to study the relationship betweencultural&ndash; social capital with the tendency to immigration from Khoy. Theresearch method is correlational and it is a practical study in purpose. Thestatistical population includes all citizens of khoy between 26 -64 yearsold. According to official statistics this city is divided to 2 areas (eacharea divided in 10 sub-areas), with the first area having a population of29486 families and the second area having a population of 27605families. Totally population includes 57091 families and 200958 people.The sample is 384 citizens (from the families) of khoy and the samplingmethod is incidental clustering. This study revealed that, there is apositive and significant relationship between the social relations andsocial cohesion and amount of tendency to immigration from Khoy.There is not a positive and significant relationship between the tendencyto use cultural goods and amount of tendency to immigration from Khoy.There is a negative and significant relationship between the consumptionof cultural commodities and tendency to immigration from Khoy. Manuscript profile
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        486 - The relationship between students’ religious beliefs and lifestyle in Islamic Azad University of Varzeghan
        Shahla Mousazadeh Mahmood Elmi
        This research is an applied research and in terms of time, cross-sectional. Also in terms of user control this study is a survey. The population of the study is all students in Islamic Azad University of Varzeghan in 94-93 (1200), and the sample size is 185 students acc More
        This research is an applied research and in terms of time, cross-sectional. Also in terms of user control this study is a survey. The population of the study is all students in Islamic Azad University of Varzeghan in 94-93 (1200), and the sample size is 185 students according to Cochran formula. According to research findings, there is a difference between following variables: type of body management, type of leisure activities, habits and type of cultural consumption with religious beliefs.&nbsp; Also, according to the results of the regression model, the cultural consumption variable plays the most important role in determining the extent of religious beliefs. After cultural consumption, leisure activities are in the second step, body management in the third step and habits in the fourth step. Manuscript profile
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        487 - Determining the relationship between lifestyle and body management among female students of Islamic Azad University of Bukan
        Mahmoud Elmi Samad Sabbagh Serweh Eftekhari
        In the last century, especially during the last half one, process of body management and selection of life style has been changed. In the present era, regular monitoring of the body is one of the basic tools in which human being with using a type of consumption and body More
        In the last century, especially during the last half one, process of body management and selection of life style has been changed. In the present era, regular monitoring of the body is one of the basic tools in which human being with using a type of consumption and body language in different occasions determine his own personal identity which behind this the concept of "self" is exposed to watching and evaluation. This study examined the relationship between dimensions of body management and lifestyle. Intheoretical section, using the scholars' opinions in the areas of the body and lifestyle management, a conceptual framework has been set. In order toreview thebody management with its basic components (i.e. makeup, health, weight control, medical manipulation) and also, to review the basic components of lifestyle (leisure activities, cultural consumption and norms and religious beliefs) nine hypotheses weretested. The research method is correlation and data using quantitative method were collected through a questionnaire. Using Cochran formula, among 351 female students of Islamic Azad University ofBukan 184 students wererandomly selected. The reliability of the questionnaire is 82%which isobtained by usingCronbach'salpha. In order to determine the correlation between variables, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used. Because the significancy test of variables is less than 0/05 of the (0/05&gt;sig), it can be concluded that the hypothesis was confirmed and there is correlation between these variables and body management. Religious variable (with explanatory power-22percent) has a negative relationship with the body management. Also, variables of leisure activities (47%), consumption norms (44%), cultural consumption (23 percent), and income (21 percent) can explain body management.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        488 - The study of the relationship between Ethnic Identification and Political Participation with Media consumption of Uremia citizens
        Mehran Samadi Shuresh Shahmohammadi
        This study determined the relationship between ethnic identification and political participation with the media consumption of Uremia citizens in 1395-1396. The methods used in this study were correlation and survey. The statistical population consisted of Uremia citize More
        This study determined the relationship between ethnic identification and political participation with the media consumption of Uremia citizens in 1395-1396. The methods used in this study were correlation and survey. The statistical population consisted of Uremia citizens aged between 20 and 60 years old. According to statistics, the size of the statistical society was 750,000 people. The sample size was 384 according to the Cochran formula, taking into account 95% confidence interval, which was distributed among citizens through multi-stage cluster sampling. Data collection tool was a questionnaire based on the theoretical framework which designed by the researcher. Data was analyzed in the Amos software. The theoretical framework of the research was based on the ideas of Grebner, Robertson, Giddens, Castells and &ldquo;Magical Bullet&rdquo;. Findings of the study proved that, generally political participation was about 28%, slightly higher than the average and the level of ethnic identity was 20%, slightly higher than the average. Also, the results of the research showed that, there is a meaningful and positive relationship between the amount of ethnic identification and political participation with media consumption. Manuscript profile
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        489 - The relationship between media consumption and behavior disorders of high school students in Miyaneh in 1391-92 (educational year)
        Ahad Ramazani Firouz Rad Mohammad Abbaszadeh
        The present research investigates the relationship between media consumption and behavior disorders of high school students in Maraghe.&nbsp; The data is collected by questionnaire and in order to analyze the data Pearson correlation coefficient, one way analysis of va More
        The present research investigates the relationship between media consumption and behavior disorders of high school students in Maraghe.&nbsp; The data is collected by questionnaire and in order to analyze the data Pearson correlation coefficient, one way analysis of variance and T-test were used. The research findings show that there is a meaningful relationship between dependent variable (behavioral disorders) and independent variables including the rate of media consumption such as satellite programs, internet http, internet games and different kinds of media like internet http, internet games, cinema, newspaper, magazine, book as well as the residential area.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Also, there is not meaningful relationship betweendependent variable and independent variables including the rate of media consumption like T.V. programs,radio, cinema, newspaper, magazine and book.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; It is conclude that there is a relationship between media consumption and behavior disorders.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        490 - Analytical study of civic ethics in modern world (With an emphasis on critical and postmodern sociologists’ ideas).
        Samad Sabagh Firouz Rad Mitra Rahnamayan
        This article is an analytical study of civic ethics in the modern world with an emphasis on Frankfort school and postmodern sociologists&rsquo; ideas. In order to achieve the vision of these thinkers, some works of them were referenced as: Adorno, Horkheimer, Markus, Ha More
        This article is an analytical study of civic ethics in the modern world with an emphasis on Frankfort school and postmodern sociologists&rsquo; ideas. In order to achieve the vision of these thinkers, some works of them were referenced as: Adorno, Horkheimer, Markus, Habermas, Baudrillard, Leotard, and Derrida. This qualitative research which is based on an interpretive-comprehensive approach studies these ideas interpretatively and critically.The results show that, there are similarities and differences in the sociologists&rsquo; ideas. Based on the consensus of scholars, it is possible to trace the general picture of the state of civic ethics in modern world. This picture implies the existence of problems and crises in human social life in modern societies.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        491 - The study of relationship between young generation’s media consumption and their attitudes to the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom
        Nasser Torreyhi Mehran Samadi
        This study aims to investigate the relationship between young generation&rsquo;s media consumption and their attitudes to the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom. The sample of the study is obtained through multi-stage cluster sampling method. The sample size was determi More
        This study aims to investigate the relationship between young generation&rsquo;s media consumption and their attitudes to the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom. The sample of the study is obtained through multi-stage cluster sampling method. The sample size was determined 366 people in accordancewith Cochran formula. The results showed that, there is a significant relationship between the use of media and the students&rsquo; positive attitudes towards the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom. It means that, the greater the amount of media consumption the less students&rsquo; positive attitude to the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom will be.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        492 - The comparative study of consuming lifestyle between employed and housewives in Miyaneh
        Morsal Shokri Mohammad Abbaszadeh
        Lifestyle is one of the most important phenomena in present investigations that mentions the collections of behaviors, patterns and people or groups&rsquo; way of thinking in life. These reasons cause the difference between people and groups. The purpose of this study i More
        Lifestyle is one of the most important phenomena in present investigations that mentions the collections of behaviors, patterns and people or groups&rsquo; way of thinking in life. These reasons cause the difference between people and groups. The purpose of this study is the comparison of consuming life style between employed and housewives in Miyaneh. These investigations were done on the basis of Bourdieu, Weber and Zimeal Ideas. The method of research was survey and the population includes all employed women and housewives in Miyaneh, consisting of all married and family heads. The sample was 400 women using Cochran formula. The method of sampling is random selection in which first, employed women were separated from housewives, and then 200 women were selected randomly from each group. To gather the data a researcher-made questionnaire was used and the data analysis was conducted by SPSS. The results show that there is a significant difference between consuming lifestyle of employed women and housewives in a way that the employed women&rsquo;s average of lifestyle components (body management, the pattern of buying clothes, nutrition pattern, selection place of residence) is higher than that of housewives. But in relation to leisure activities, housewives&rsquo; average is higher than employed women.&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        493 - Comparative study on the tendency towards general sport in Khalkhal and Hashjin cities with consideration to economic and social variables
        Samad Abedini Jafar Ebrahimi Ramin Esfahani Hashjin
        This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the tendencytoward public sport in Khalkhal and Hashejin cities in terms of economicand social status in 1395-1399. The research method is a survey and atool for collecting data is a researcher-made questionnaire. Th More
        This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the tendencytoward public sport in Khalkhal and Hashejin cities in terms of economicand social status in 1395-1399. The research method is a survey and atool for collecting data is a researcher-made questionnaire. The statisticalpopulation of the study included all citizens of Khalkhal and Hashjincities. According to statistics provided by the Khalkhal County CivilRegistry Office, 47,848 people live in 13,156 households in Khalkhal,and 7315 as 1984 households in Hashjin City. The Cochran formula wasused to determine the sample size which was 384. The research findingsindicate that,the level of tendency toward public sport in Khalkhal andHashjin is different in terms of socioeconomic status. And in both cities,the rate of people's tendency to public sports varies according tosocioeconomic status (income, type of occupation, level of education,social participation, and type of consumed food and the use of culturalgoods). Manuscript profile
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        494 - Sociology of living styles (production – consumption culture)
        Ayoub Youssef Pour Nezami
        &nbsp; Human living style(s) has material and immaterial origins. Sociology using analytical tool of culture, studies both material and immaterial components. One of the elements of immaterial cultural life style is epistemic. This article reviews civilization and urba More
        &nbsp; Human living style(s) has material and immaterial origins. Sociology using analytical tool of culture, studies both material and immaterial components. One of the elements of immaterial cultural life style is epistemic. This article reviews civilization and urbanization process paying briefly to the characteristics and epistemological foundations of traditional, modern and post-modern lifestyles.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In civilization process, human lifestyle has changed. These changes were examined in production and consumption and also it is discussed about the civilized human&rsquo;s unskillfulness in daily life and housekeeping, his alienation and captivity in an iron cage or global jungle.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Production-consumption craze of modernism and consumerism and forging of post modernism are among cases which have been criticized as destructive consequences of those two philosophies (modernism and post-modernism). Manuscript profile
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        495 - Examine the relationship between religiosity and youth lifestyle
        seyednaser hejazi Habil Heydarkhani
        Contemporary sociological orientation toward appreciating the importance of consumption and lifestyle activities is important in shaping personal and collective identity. Using field survey techniques and the questioner this study is to answer this question that, what i More
        Contemporary sociological orientation toward appreciating the importance of consumption and lifestyle activities is important in shaping personal and collective identity. Using field survey techniques and the questioner this study is to answer this question that, what is the relationship between religiosity and various aspects of life from the viewpoints of young adults in Esfahan. The population of the study is (372 young people aged 18 to 29 years) is used as the sample size. In order to answer the main research question, religiosity variables in three components of ceremonial aspects, consequences and belief, age, marital status, and education as were analyzed as independent variables and the dependent variable was lifestyle. The results show that, there is a relationship between religiosity and lifestyle (after consumption norms also, there is a relationship between religiosity and lifestyle (after interpersonal relations) anda relationship exists between religiosity and the whole lifestyle. The lifestyle of respondents varies depending on their education, and marital status. But there is no relationship between religiosity variables and body management and lifestyle and also, there was no significant correlation between age and lifestyle. Manuscript profile
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        496 - The exploration of habitat: sociology in the Quranic story of Saleh and Naqhatollah
        Ayoub Youssef Pour Nezami
        This paper has reread the Salah&rsquo;s story using descriptive and analytical-hermeneutical approaches and the nature in ecological/ sociological reading is regarded as Naqhatollah. The result is that the natural structure has a share of&nbsp; life resources (water,&h More
        This paper has reread the Salah&rsquo;s story using descriptive and analytical-hermeneutical approaches and the nature in ecological/ sociological reading is regarded as Naqhatollah. The result is that the natural structure has a share of&nbsp; life resources (water,&hellip;) ( especially&nbsp; today against insanity of production and consumption&nbsp; of modernism-humanism ) which need attention, care&nbsp; and nursing that the author called it integrated management and nursing.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This management and nursing of nature (Naqhatollah) and integrated production and consumption culture are among inferential doctrines and massages of the story.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        497 - Consumption of cultural goods and effective factors on it Case study: youngsters 18 to29 in Khoy
        Rooya Hajizadeh Ebtesam Razavi Dinani
        This project evaluates the factors which affect the consumption of cultural goods. The main objective of the study is to find out the role of some individual and social factors such as age, gender, marital status, education, leisure, and income in the rate of the consum More
        This project evaluates the factors which affect the consumption of cultural goods. The main objective of the study is to find out the role of some individual and social factors such as age, gender, marital status, education, leisure, and income in the rate of the consumption of cultural goods among the youths. This is a survey research. The population of the study was 88404 ranging from 18 to 29 years old in Khoy and the sample size was 382 people according to Cochran formula. Random cluster sampling appropriate to the volume was used and the main instrument of data collection was a standard questionnaire.&nbsp; The data analysis was done through statistical methods appropriate to the level of measuring variables. The findings represent that, there is a relationship between the age and education of the youths and the consumption of the cultural goods, as the rate of the consumption of the cultural goods in 26 to29year old youths is higher than 18 to 21 year old youths meaningfully.Furthermore, the results imply that, the consumption of cultural goods is higher in postgraduates significantly. However, there is no significant relationship between gender, marital status, income and the consumption of cultural goods. Manuscript profile
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        498 - Globalization of information and communication technology and consumption culture strategies (Iran)
        Iraj Mahmodi Hadi Aghaee Attaollah Jafari
        The world in which we live is changing every day. Globalization of information and communication technology, fast transferring of experiences and achievements, dissemination of particular consumption culture and also, the examination of various aspects of this globaliza More
        The world in which we live is changing every day. Globalization of information and communication technology, fast transferring of experiences and achievements, dissemination of particular consumption culture and also, the examination of various aspects of this globalization such as software (content), media consumption, information society, and particularly consumption patterns reformation are very important. The emphasis of these communities on the potential of ICTs to accelerate the economic development and to improve people's lives is significant. This process causes to eliminate the time, space and to control the costs by making things electronic and data transfer fast. This rapid growth requires organizing and culturizing due to the growing needs and for better optimization offering solutions is essential. Resource mobilization, speed, accuracy, and comprehensive review are the necessities facing the experts and social scientists. So this paper describes the features of globalization with exploratory approach and examines a dimension of globalization by interviewing (Delphi) the social experts, which benefiting the social experts' views the strategies and approaches for better management of these technologies are to be determined. With open coding on interviews of 10 professors, key components of assumptions were presented.The results were presented in the form of strategies that all hypotheses were confirmed.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        499 - The sociological study of effective tactics on viral marketing and its effect on purchasing behavior (Case study of Refah chain stores of East Azerbaijan province)
        Bijan Elmi Mojtaba Ramezani
        The purpose of this research is to study the effective factors on viral marketing and its effect on customers' purchasing behavior. The statistical population includes all customers of branches of Refah chain stores of East Azerbaijan province. The data provided randoml More
        The purpose of this research is to study the effective factors on viral marketing and its effect on customers' purchasing behavior. The statistical population includes all customers of branches of Refah chain stores of East Azerbaijan province. The data provided randomly via questionnaire among 384 in a period of one year (90 to 91). To analyze the conceptual model of the research descriptive and inferential statistics were used with SPSS software. The results show that the mentioned tactics have positive and significant effect on viral marketing and customers' purchasing behavior in major retailing. Also, the most effective tactics on viral marketing and customers' purchasing behavior are offering the product and free of charge services. Manuscript profile
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        500 - Examination of the relationship between religiosity and youth lifestyle
        Seyed Nasser Hejazi Habill Heydarkhani
        Contemporary sociological orientation is toward appreciating the importance of consumption and lifestyle activities in shaping personal and collective identity. Using field survey techniques and a questioner this study answers this question that, what is the relationshi More
        Contemporary sociological orientation is toward appreciating the importance of consumption and lifestyle activities in shaping personal and collective identity. Using field survey techniques and a questioner this study answers this question that, what is the relationship between religiosity and various aspects of life from the viewpoints of young adults in Isfahan. The population of the study is Isfahan city that 372 young people aged 18 to 29 years selected as the sample size. In order to answer the main research question, religiosity in ceremonial, consequenting and ideological aspects, age, marital status, and education were analyzed as independent variables and also lifestyle is examined as the dependent variable. The results show that there is a relationship between these variables: religiosity and lifestyle (consumption norms dimension); religiosity and lifestyle (interpersonal relations dimension); between religiosity and the whole lifestyle. Also, life style of respondents varies depending on their education and marital status. But there aren&rsquo;t significant relationships between religiosity and lifestyle management and between age and lifestyle. Manuscript profile
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        501 - The relationship between media consumption and social capital of secondary and high school administrators in (Tehran Region 2)
        Masomeh Faridi Sani majid zorofi
        This paper studies the effect of media on social capital. This is a descriptive and correlational study that the population of it is all secondary and high school administrators in Tehran region 2 (298).&nbsp; 177 people were selected as the sample of the study by rando More
        This paper studies the effect of media on social capital. This is a descriptive and correlational study that the population of it is all secondary and high school administrators in Tehran region 2 (298).&nbsp; 177 people were selected as the sample of the study by random sampling method. Delaviz social capital questionnaire was used as a tool which the normalization of its elements were conducted in Iran and also its reliability and validity has been approved. The media consumption in this study includes the use of Internet, TV and Mobile phone. The results show that, there is a meaningful relationship between social capital and media consumption. It means that, the more media consumption the more social capital will be. In this way the role of media is more obvious.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        502 - The prioritization of media use for brand awareness in the insurance industryMahsa Veysi
        Mahsa Veisi Neda Suleimani
        This study aimed to evaluate the prioritization of media use for brand awareness in the insurance industry. Regarding the purpose of the study, it was an applied and survey research.At the first phase of the study to identify the criteria, the study population was consi More
        This study aimed to evaluate the prioritization of media use for brand awareness in the insurance industry. Regarding the purpose of the study, it was an applied and survey research.At the first phase of the study to identify the criteria, the study population was consisted of the insurers of the insurance companies of Tehran, and at the second phase, the experts' views were used to prioritize the criteria. The results of the pair-wise comparison of the main criteria showed that the media consumption (0.164) was in the first priority. The updated media (0.140) was in the second priority. The assurance (0.121) was in the third priority. The ability to transfer content (0.119) was in the fourth priority. The content media and media distinctiveness were in the subsequent priorities. Of these weights, ARAS-G method was used to determine the best media. Seven media including television advertising, radio, and billboards across the city, newspapers and magazines, internet, friends and relatives were evaluated based on the twenty-eight criteria. Finally, it was revealed that friends and relatives (social networks and word of mouth advertising) (0.998) has the highest priority. Television advertising was on the second place and the third priority was cyberspace and internet.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        503 - Comparison of average water consumption of home consumers in Saqqez before and after media programs of water saving methods
        Ako Reyhani Niya Mehran Samadi
        10.30495/jss.2020.671684
        The present research aims to study the relationship between mediaeducation of saving water consumption and changes in the amount ofwater consumed by high-consumption subscribers in Saqqez city. Thestatistical population of the present study includes all high-consumption More
        The present research aims to study the relationship between mediaeducation of saving water consumption and changes in the amount ofwater consumed by high-consumption subscribers in Saqqez city. Thestatistical population of the present study includes all high-consumptionsubscribers using water at home in Saqqez. The samples were selectedpurposefully in the first stage. They were then randomly divided into fourgroups. The groups were provided during the 45-days with brochures,and written programs, films, animation.The method of the present study is based upon a practical purpose andthe research design of the library methods, and for data collection thewater rate system database of Saqqez Urban Water and Company isapplied. The consumption changes on 2016 and 2017 were analyzed incomparison to consumption changes on 2015 and 2016. By usingdependent sample t&ndash;test, it was found out that, there is a significantrelationship between media education of saving water consumption andchanges in the amount of water consumed by high-consumptionsubscribers in Saqqez. Moreover, by using this Test, the mean differencewas studied for each of the groups, and it was discovered that the waterconsumption of the group receiving all of the programs reduced to alarger extent than other groups. Manuscript profile
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        504 - Investigating the Role of Environmental Education of Local Communities on Environmental Performance of Citizens of District 5 of Tabriz Municipality
        Shabnam Rahmanpour Mohammad Ebrahim Ramezani
        This study intended to investigate the effect of environmental educationof local communities on bioenvironmental performance of citizens&rsquo; ofdistrict 5 of Tabriz municipality. This study was a semi-experimentalsurvey research. Research method was a semi-experimenta More
        This study intended to investigate the effect of environmental educationof local communities on bioenvironmental performance of citizens&rsquo; ofdistrict 5 of Tabriz municipality. This study was a semi-experimentalsurvey research. Research method was a semi-experimental through pretest,post-test with control group. The Population of the study is citizensof district 5 of Tabriz city. This city was selected because of availabilityof related information and references. Sample size was 60 people ofcitizens of district 5 of Tabriz, from whom 30 people were grouped inexperiment group and 30 people in control group. In this study, data wasgathered through a researcher-made questionnaire which its validity wasconfirmed by supervisor and related experts, and its reliability wascalculated through Cronbach Alpha (0.81) which is acceptable. Resultsshowed that, environmental education of citizens of region 5 of Tabrizhas positive effect on waste, water consumption, pollution, energyconsumption and maintenance of environment. Manuscript profile
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        505 - Investigation of the Scope and Limits of Judge Intervention in Judicial Modification of Contracts from the Perspective of Iran and Egypt Law
        Abdollah Khatib mohammadreza fallah Ali Tavallaei
        Sometimes, after the conclusion of the contract and at the stage of implementation, the conditions governing the contract would change substantially, so that this change in circumstances was not foreseen by the parties at the time of concluding the contract, and this wo More
        Sometimes, after the conclusion of the contract and at the stage of implementation, the conditions governing the contract would change substantially, so that this change in circumstances was not foreseen by the parties at the time of concluding the contract, and this would cause extreme hardship to the obliged party conventionally. In such a situation, the importance of the intervention of the magistrate in the contracts concluded and, finally, the modification of the contractor's obligations becomes an irrefutable necessity, but the important point is to determine the logical scope and limit for the intervention of the judges in the contracts involving the hardship, the necessity of which is also very tangible. Because in case of change in the circumstances, complying with the provisions of the contract would not be the actual intention of the parties to the agreement and not valid and acceptable by the holy legislator. Considering the above mentioned points, the important issue that we are looking for in this study is the determination of a logical framework for the intervention of judges in the contracts and whether the intervention of the judge in the contracts would be limitless and absolute or not? Investigations and results of this research, as well as the author's viewpoint, suggest that the intervention of the judge for making fair the contractual obligations is limited and is subject to certain conditions and formalities. Manuscript profile
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        506 - -
        yahya mirzamohammadi fard garakhanlou abasat pourmoahammad naser masuodi mostafa nourollahi
        10.3495/jiil.2022.694651
        -
        - Manuscript profile
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        507 - The ups and downs of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood after 2011
        محمد فلاح hengameh Alborzi Ali Falahnejad
        The Muslim Brotherhood is one of the most important and influential political groups in Egypt's internal politics, since its formation in 1928. After the fall of Hosni Mubarak, the Muslim Brotherhood was a coherent and organized political actor capable of taking power i More
        The Muslim Brotherhood is one of the most important and influential political groups in Egypt's internal politics, since its formation in 1928. After the fall of Hosni Mubarak, the Muslim Brotherhood was a coherent and organized political actor capable of taking power in the post-Mubarak era. But only one year after coming to power, this group has been marginalized and has lost its influence and credibility in the eyes of many Egyptians. This research raises the question, "What were the reasons for the failure of the Muslim Brotherhood after 2011 AD?" Using the descriptive-analytical method and using the constructivist approach, it evaluates the hypothesis that the Egyptian military and opposition groups considered the Muslim Brotherhood as a cause of instability and the spread of division among Islamist groups, and because of this, they prevented this group from gaining power. This view of the opposition groups of the Brotherhood is the main reason for the failure of the Brotherhood, along with other structural reasons, after gaining power in 2011. Manuscript profile
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        508 - Globalization and Nation-State Relations in Egypt
        Mohammad Hossein Hafezian
        Present study aims at providing an answer to the fundamental question of whether in the past decades globalization process have had any impact on the relation between government and society in Egypt and if the answer to the question is positive then What the effect of t More
        Present study aims at providing an answer to the fundamental question of whether in the past decades globalization process have had any impact on the relation between government and society in Egypt and if the answer to the question is positive then What the effect of the impact were and if the answer is negative, why, in contrast with other countries, globalization process in Egypt could not have any effect on this relation. The hypothesis proposed is that due to the sever resistance of government and political elites in Egypt to any type of democratization and privatization and dominance of market economy, globalization have had a minor effects on the relation between the government and society. Manuscript profile
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        509 - a
        حسن فارسی جوکار زهرا بیگ جانی
        a
        a Manuscript profile
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        510 - Measuring of per capita aquatic consumption and assessing barriers and development strategies for consumption in Mazandaran province
        hossein chitsaz
        AbstractThe main objective of this research was determination and analysis of the aquaticconsumption in the urban and rural areas, Mazandaran province. The survey method was used to achieve the research objectives and the main instrument of the research was a researcher More
        AbstractThe main objective of this research was determination and analysis of the aquaticconsumption in the urban and rural areas, Mazandaran province. The survey method was used to achieve the research objectives and the main instrument of the research was a researcher made questionnaire. The questionnaires was completed by visiting each of the research samples (Urban and rural households). 1000 number of them was assigned to the sample based on multi-stage random sampling method. A standard formula was used to estimate the amount of aquaticconsumption.&nbsp; The results showed that the average of per capita consumption in Mazandaran&nbsp; is 10.65 kg, in urban area 8.85 kg and in rural area 8.35 kg/y. On the other hand, inflation and lack of local shopping mall near the workplace and residence are considered as the main problems and obstacles of the consumption level. Regression analysis results also showed that five variables including education level, number of household members, price, income level and knowing how to cooking aquaticexplained more than 57 percent of the change in the consumption of aquatic (R2= 0.57). In the end it is proposed that planning for increasing the levels of information and public culture, diversifying the methods and programs of the extension service and promoting of the aquaticconsumption, expansion of aquaticdistribution and production centers and assistance to cooperative activities and unions in the field of aquaculture marketing and adopting supportive policies for fishing community in order to promoting their welfare and ultimately reducing the price aquatic be considered by aquatic consumption and public health planners. Manuscript profile
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        511 - The relation between Human fish consumption and Mercury bioaccumulation in scalp hair in Khoozestan Province
        A.R. Mobarhan Fard A. Esmaili-Sari Sh.A. Nezami N. Qaemi
        The aim of this study was to evaluate the Mercury (Hg) concentration in human scalp hair in Khoozestan Province according to gender and age category and its relation with fish consumption. Hair sample was completely related to methyl mercury (MeHg) exposure and can be u More
        The aim of this study was to evaluate the Mercury (Hg) concentration in human scalp hair in Khoozestan Province according to gender and age category and its relation with fish consumption. Hair sample was completely related to methyl mercury (MeHg) exposure and can be used to estimate MeHg exposure in several months or a year before. Eighty-eight human scalp hair samples collected randomly. Also, the survey included a questionnaire designed to provide information about the parameters that influenced body Hg concentration. Determination of samples Hg concentration performed by LECO, AMA254, Advanced Mercury Analyzer according to ASTM Method D-6722. Overall mean concentration in the hair was 1601.05&plusmn;232.68 ppb (Mean&plusmn;S.E). Mean concentration in the females and males&rsquo; hair was 1555.01&plusmn;279.08 and 1658.89&plusmn;394.88 ppb, respectively. Significant positive correlation was between Hg concentration and number of fish meals (P&lt;0.01). In 2.27 percent of samples (2 samples), mercury concentration was more than EPA &amp; WHO threshold level (10ppm). Manuscript profile
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        512 - The Status of Unfair Contracts in Imami Jurisprudence Compared to the Unfair Condition in Iran's Electronic Commerce Law and International Systems
        mehran Jafari abdolhamid moftakhar Ali pourjavaheri karam jany pour
        10.22034/ijrj.2022.689975
        An unfair condition is considered ineffective in the Iranian e-commerce law to the detriment of the consumer. The law does not provide a definition of an ineffective condition and it has allowed the judge to decide whether that is effective or not. Although there is not More
        An unfair condition is considered ineffective in the Iranian e-commerce law to the detriment of the consumer. The law does not provide a definition of an ineffective condition and it has allowed the judge to decide whether that is effective or not. Although there is nothing called unfair condition in established jurisprudence, the principles of jurisprudence have made everything clear. According to the jurisprudential principles, the task is clear and these conditions are despite the principle of freedom of contracts, is supported by Imami jurisprudence. If it is to the detriment of one of the parties to the contract, it is one of the cases that, in addition to being voided, invalidates the condition of the contract, such as the condition contrary to the requirements of the contract, observing justice and fairness and avoiding harm to the transaction. All these are instances of how Imami jurisprudence deals with unfair condition. International legal systems also view the unfair condition as being invalid and ineffective. Manuscript profile
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        513 - Estimation of potential risk and daily intake of heavy metals in grape fruit
        E. Solgi M. Borchaloei
        10.30495/jfh.2020.671044
        In this research, the daily intake and risk assessment of grape fruit withtheperspectiveofheavy metal contamination were measured in Malayer city. For sampling, five villages were selected. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrop More
        In this research, the daily intake and risk assessment of grape fruit withtheperspectiveofheavy metal contamination were measured in Malayer city. For sampling, five villages were selected. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with flame and graphite furnace technique. For assessment the contamination level of each metal, the single factor index (SFI), and for assessment of the cumulative contamination of heavy metals, the integrated pollution index (IPI) were applied.The concentration level of heavy metals in the grape cultivars was found in the decreasing order as Cu&gt;Mn&gt;Zn&gt;Ni&gt;Pb and lower than&nbsp;the&nbsp;maximum permissible&nbsp;levels recommended by&nbsp;FAO/WHO. Among the studied cultivars, Askari cultivar contained higher heavy metal concentrations compared to the other two cultivars and Fakhri cultivar showed the lowest concentrations. In general, lead concentration was found to be low in the three grape cultivars. The integration&nbsp;pollution index (IPI) of heavy metals was higher in cv. Askari, as compared with the two other cultivars, although the IPI of heavy metals in three grape cultivars were at safe level. In general, the highest DIR was obtained for the Askari cultivar. The THQ of all metals were &lt; 1. The integrated pollution index of heavy metals in three grape cultivars was low and heavy metals pollution was within the safe limits with IPI &le; 0.7. The DIR and THQ showed that the consumption of grape cultivars pose no risk to health. Manuscript profile
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        514 - Determination of the hygienic quality of Astacus leptodactylus captured from Haft Barm lakes, Fars Province (Iran) in terms of trace metals accumulated in the product
        N. Shiry A. Gholamhosseini R. Salighezadeh A. Rahbar N. Derakhshesh
        10.30495/jfh.2021.1919472.1304
        &lt; p &gt;Regards the economic potential in extensive rearing of Narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) in Haft Barm lakes, Fars Province (Iran), and considering the chain value and global marketing, we need to monitoring programs on hygienic quality of this ex More
        &lt; p &gt;Regards the economic potential in extensive rearing of Narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) in Haft Barm lakes, Fars Province (Iran), and considering the chain value and global marketing, we need to monitoring programs on hygienic quality of this export product in terms of heavy metal accumulation. For this purpose, crayfish specimens were captured with 45 total samples from three permanent lakes and transported to the laboratory. Preparing of their tail meat as the edible parts and measuring of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) have been accomplished via the wet digestion method and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), respectively. Results showed that Cd (0.004&plusmn;0.003) and Zn (2.61&plusmn;0.747 &micro;g/g DW) were the minima and maximum concentrations in the tail meat of Haft Barm&rsquo;s crayfish. Since the concentrations of all measured trace elements were within the permissible limits of hygienic standards (WHO and FAO) and based on health risk assessment (daily intake index), Haft Barm&rsquo;s crayfish have admissible health in terms of their accumulation. Hence, daily and continuous consumption of these aquatic products by consumers has been thoroughly safe, and there is no risk for them in this regard. Manuscript profile
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        515 - Occurrence of diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli pathotypes from ready-to-eat foods
        R. Al-Zubaidi N. Fallah A. Jamshidi
        10.30495/jfh.2022.1961380.1360
        Diarrheal strains of&nbsp;Escherichia coli&nbsp;(DEC) are common pathogens that cause acute intestinal diseases in humans through the consumption of contaminated food. The present study was conducted on 240 samples including strudel, pizza, sandwiches, and salad.&nbsp;E More
        Diarrheal strains of&nbsp;Escherichia coli&nbsp;(DEC) are common pathogens that cause acute intestinal diseases in humans through the consumption of contaminated food. The present study was conducted on 240 samples including strudel, pizza, sandwiches, and salad.&nbsp;E. coli&nbsp;was isolated by conventional culture tests and confirmed by PCR (using uidA gene). Out of 240 samples, 123 isolates (51.25%) were found positive as&nbsp;E. coli. Amongst&nbsp;103 isolates (42.9%) contained no pathogenic genes. 11 isolates (4.6%) were identified as EPEC, 5 isolates (2%) as EHEC, 2 isolates (0.8%) as EAEC. ETEC and EIEC were not detected in any of the samples. Due to the contamination of ready-to-eat food samples with intestinal pathogenic pathotypes, continuous monitoring of the field of ready-to-eat food is suggested. Manuscript profile
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        516 - Assessing knowledge and practice of food producers, retailers and consumers of food labels in Bostanabad
        محبوبه Ghochani فهیم Amini Tabok پرویز Nowrouz رضا Dehghanzadeh Reihani حسن Aslani
        &nbsp; &nbsp;Awareness of the information provided on food labels is important and will help the consumers to select standard food packaging. This knowledge can lead to improving the diet and health in the community. This study was carried out to determine the knowledge More
        &nbsp; &nbsp;Awareness of the information provided on food labels is important and will help the consumers to select standard food packaging. This knowledge can lead to improving the diet and health in the community. This study was carried out to determine the knowledge and practice of food producer retailers and consumers of food labels in Bostanabad, East-Azarbaijan province. In a descriptive and cross-sectional study, 1013 individuals were selected through random selection. Data on demographics and knowledge and practice of food retailers and consumers were collected by filling in a questionnaire and the results were compared. The age of participants ranged 16-65 years old and majority of them were between 40 and 60 years of age. According to the results, 75.7% of the participants read food labels during shopping.&nbsp; Amongst mostly considered food labels to observe the production and expiry dates on labels. A minority of the participants read food labels for nutritional information, product weight, types of additives and artificial colors, etc. The results showed that knowledge of people about the nutritional information on food labels is very slight. Due to the high impact of nutritional knowledge on the performance of people, having an idea about the individual&rsquo;s attention to the information on food labels is essential. It is important to achieve the proper nutritional behavior and reduce the risk of adverse effects associated with packaged foods. Manuscript profile
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        517 - Effect of nutrients density on performance of broilers and its correlation with carcass characteristics in grower period of broiler chicks
        ابوالفضل Bashiri A.R Safamehr مسعود Mostashari مهرنوش Mirzaei
        This experiment was conducted in order to investigate the correlation between different levels of diet nutrients in grower period on performance and carcass characteristicsof broiler chicks. The chickens were fed the same diet in starter period; later four diets with di More
        This experiment was conducted in order to investigate the correlation between different levels of diet nutrients in grower period on performance and carcass characteristicsof broiler chicks. The chickens were fed the same diet in starter period; later four diets with different levels of nutrients were used in grower period. The levels of metabolisable energy in the experimental diets were 3000, 3100, 3200 and 3300 kcal/kg. Diets used in the research are set according to NRC (1994). Furthermore, the ratios of all energy to protein were kept constant. The results showed that weight gain, feed conversion ratio and carcass characteristics were affected by different levels of nutrients. In addition, an increase in density of nutrients had a direct correlation with gain weight, and a reverse one with feed and carcass percentage. Finally, analysis of regression between carcass and nutrients density indicated that there were a correlation between nutrients density changes and carcass with increasing levels of nutrients. In other words, carcass percentage (r=97%), edible carcass percentage (r=95%), thigh percentage (r=92%) and relative weight of gizzard (r=91%) showed the highest regression. Feed cost per kg of meat decreased with lowest energy level (p&lt;0.05). As a result in broiler diets using low density nutrients can be useful than high density nutrients. Manuscript profile
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        518 - Study on the effect of consumption period of fish oil on serum concentration of cholesterol and triglyceride and antibody response in broiler chicks
        حسین Iravani M.A Karimi Torshizi بابک Khierkhah
        The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal time of fish oil inclusion in broiler feed formulation on antibody response and concentration of serum cholesterol and triglyceride. A 49 day study was conducted on 600 one-day old chicks from a commercial hybrid More
        The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal time of fish oil inclusion in broiler feed formulation on antibody response and concentration of serum cholesterol and triglyceride. A 49 day study was conducted on 600 one-day old chicks from a commercial hybrid (Ross) which were randomly allocated to 6 groups. The control group was fed a diet containing 5 % corn oil and in experimental groups the fish oil was substituted for corn oil from 2,3,4,5 and 6 weeks. Serum concentration of cholesterol and triglyceride were determined on days 37 and 44. Titer of antibody against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were determined 7 days after immunization on days 30 and 37. Supplementation of diet by fish oil did not affect concentration of serum cholesterol. However, concentration of serum triglyceride decreased significantly (p&lt;0.01). Titer of IgG against SRBC was affected in first injection (p&lt;0.01) and the maximum antibody response was seen in control group and chickens feeding fish oil for 2 weeks, and antibody response decreased with increase of consumption length of fish oil. Titer of IgM in the second injection (p&lt;0.05) were affected by dietary treatments. Chickens which were fed fish oil for 2, 3 and 4 weeks had higher antibody response than other treatments.&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        519 - Comparison of the effectiveness of three instructional methods, lecture, group discussion and educational package on the degree of awareness of high school male students’ drug abuse in Tabriz in 2012
        Mohammad Akbari Toraj Hashemi Jalil Babapur
        The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of three instructional methods, lecture, group discussion and educational package on the degree of awareness of high school male students&rsquo; drug abuse in Tabriz in 2012. There fore, were a random sample More
        The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of three instructional methods, lecture, group discussion and educational package on the degree of awareness of high school male students&rsquo; drug abuse in Tabriz in 2012. There fore, were a random sample of 119 students, from four male schools inside Tabriz were selected, 86 of whom were put in experimental group, and the other 33 in control group. First, four group were asked to fill in the researcher questionnaire as the initial pretest. Next step was to get the experimental students to take a six&ndash;session addiction prevention course. The control group, on the other hand, was to live their regular daily lives. Filling in the questionnaires again as a post-test was what four groups were asked to do, the data of which was analyzed with spss. The data were analyzed using Covariance and bonferroni pairwise comparisons. The final results showed that training group discussion, lecture and educational package had a profound positive influence on the students. And group discussion method had increased significantly in comparison with the lecture and educational package groups on the students. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        520 - Nonlinear Effects of Urbanization and Human Capital on Energy Consumption in Different Sectors of Economy in Iran
        Monere Dezaji Arash Ketabforoush Badri
        10.30495/qjopm.2019.666894
        Scrutiny of energy consumption behavioural patterns in various economic sectors represent an essential step in energy consumption planning and management. Delineation of determinants of energy demand is highly significant in Iran which is a country with rich energy reso More
        Scrutiny of energy consumption behavioural patterns in various economic sectors represent an essential step in energy consumption planning and management. Delineation of determinants of energy demand is highly significant in Iran which is a country with rich energy resources, abundant oil and gas supplies, heavy minerals and potential resources. Therefore, using Panel Data Methods, this study explored the effects of urbanization and human capital on energy consumption in Iranian agriculture, industry and services sectors over a 17-year period between 1996 and 2016. The results showed that human capital, workforce productivity, interactive effect of human capital on workforce productivity and the squared value of economic sectors had negative effects while the added value had positive impacts on energy consumption during the specified period. The results of the analyses indicated that human capital and workforce productivity in economic sectors had negative significant interactive effects on energy consumption at the critical value of .01 implying that an increase in human capital and corresponding workforce enhancement will facilitate economizing on energy consumption. Moreover, the estimated coefficients of added value and squared added value of economic activities revealed an inverse U-shaped relationship between added values of economic sectors and energy consumption. Manuscript profile
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        521 - Studying the Demand Schedule and Consumption Behavior of the Urban Households of the Country
        Mohammad Ali Motafaker azad Habib Agajani Kazem Amjadi
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In this paper, the consumption behavior of the Urbanal households of the country in Iran has been studied over 1358-1380 through &ldquo;Almost Ideal Demand System&rdquo; model. The articles studied in five main groups include &ldquo; More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In this paper, the consumption behavior of the Urbanal households of the country in Iran has been studied over 1358-1380 through &ldquo;Almost Ideal Demand System&rdquo; model. The articles studied in five main groups include &ldquo;foods, drinks and tobacco products&rdquo;, &ldquo;clothing and shoes&rdquo;, &ldquo;residence, fuel and electricity&rdquo;, and &ldquo;other goods and services&rdquo;. To study the consumption behavior of city households, Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) has been used. The estimation of the mentioned system has been performed by SUR method. After estimating this model for various article groups of the country urban households, the related, intersecting and income price elasticity has been calculated. The results obtained from hypotheses test show that the homogeneous hypotheses denoting the lack of users&rsquo; monetary suspicion, impressibility of household consumption basket by the relative changes of prices, the necessity of article group of " food, drink and tobacco products " and " furniture ", the concordance of price related coefficients with the demand theory has been verified and the conjunction hypothesis (on the intersection effect of prices) is rejected. Manuscript profile
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        522 - نقش نیازهای جوانان در نوع مصرف موسیقیایی به عنوان مقوله ادبی و هنری ( مطالعه موردی دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اندیمشک)
        محمدحسن مقدس جعفری محسن قلاوند
        در این مقاله کوشش شده تا نقش نیازهای جوانان در نوع مصرف موسیقیایی مشخص شود. بر این اساس مشخص ساختن نقش نیازهای جامعه جوان در نوع موسیقی مورد مصرف آنان از اهداف اصلی این پژوهش می‌باشد. از آنجا که موسیقی در سال‌های اخیر به عنوان یکی از مصنوعات فرهنگی که تقریباً تمامی عرص More
        در این مقاله کوشش شده تا نقش نیازهای جوانان در نوع مصرف موسیقیایی مشخص شود. بر این اساس مشخص ساختن نقش نیازهای جامعه جوان در نوع موسیقی مورد مصرف آنان از اهداف اصلی این پژوهش می‌باشد. از آنجا که موسیقی در سال‌های اخیر به عنوان یکی از مصنوعات فرهنگی که تقریباً تمامی عرصه‌های زندگی خصوصی و عمومی افراد را در برگرفته تلقی می‌شود، لذا پرداختن به آن در چهارچوب جامعه‌شناختی اجتناب‌ناپذیر است. از این‌رو در اینجا این سؤال شکل گرفت که احتمالاً تغییراتی در سطح جامعه و به خصوص در سطح نیازها در جامعه رخ داده‌است که چنین موسیقی‌هایی (موسیقی‌های وابسته به فرهنگ بیگانه) در شکل ظاهری فرهنگ نمود پیدا کردند. در این راستا تلاش شده تا با رویکرد تغییرات فرهنگی و نظریه استفاده و خشنودی به موسیقی نگریسته و بر این مبنا بتوان دلایلی را استنتاج نمود. روش تحقیق در این پژوهش براساس روش پیمایشی در بین دانشجویان شاغل به تحصیل در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرستان اندیمشک که با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری کوکران، انتخاب گردید و بر این ‌اساس300 نفر از دانشجویان پسر و دختر در مقاطع تحصیلی کاردانی و کارشناسی با شیوه نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌بندی شده و با استفاده از تکنیک پرسشنامه اطلاعات این پژوهش گردآوری شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که در بین دانشجویان دانشگاه‌آزاد اسلامی شهرستان اندیمشک به ترتیب نیازهای گریز از تنش، نیاز عاطفی، نیاز شناختی، نیاز انسجام بخش شخصی و نیاز انسجام بخش اجتماعی بیشترین تأثیر را بر روی نوع مصرف موسیقیایی دارند. بنابراین با توجه به نتایج تحقیق می‌توان گفت: در نوع مصرف موسیقی این نیازها تأثیرگذارند. Manuscript profile
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        523 - بررسی رابطه مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی- فرهنگی و آسیب‌پذیری اخلاقی (مطالعه موردی دانش‌‌‌آموزان دبیرستان ناحیه دو شهر یزد)
        مهناز فرهمند حمید محمدی مهدی عالی نژاد
        آسیب‌شناسی و تعیین آسیب‌پذیری اخلاقی دانش‌آموزان گام اساسی در مصون‌سازی آنها در برابر تغییرات ارزشی، فرهنگی، اجتماعی و اخلاقی است. تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی میزان آسیب‌پذیری اخلاقی دانش-آموزان انجام یافته است. چارچوب نظری از نظریات دورکیم، اینگلهارت و لرنر تشکیل شده است. More
        آسیب‌شناسی و تعیین آسیب‌پذیری اخلاقی دانش‌آموزان گام اساسی در مصون‌سازی آنها در برابر تغییرات ارزشی، فرهنگی، اجتماعی و اخلاقی است. تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی میزان آسیب‌پذیری اخلاقی دانش-آموزان انجام یافته است. چارچوب نظری از نظریات دورکیم، اینگلهارت و لرنر تشکیل شده است. این پژوهش، با تکنیک پیمایش رابطه بین میزان آسیب‌پذیری اخلاقی و عوامل اجتماعی- فرهنگی مؤثر بر آن را در بین دانش‌آموزان پسر شهر یزد بررسی کرده است. تعداد 386 نفر با روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای برای نمونه آماری تحقیق انتخاب شدند. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهند که بین متغیرهای سن، نوگرایی، مصرف‌گرایی، مقبولیت اجتماعی، کاهش تعهدات دینی و سنتی با آسیب‌پذیری اخلاقی رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. بین میزان استفاده از رسانه با آسیب‌پذیری اخلاقی رابطه معناداری مشاهده نشد. تحلیل رگرسیون چند متغیره نشان داد که سه متغیر مقبولیت اجتماعی، کاهش تعهدات دینی - سنتی و سبک زندگی غربی 63% از واریانس تغییرات در متغیر وابسته آسیب‌پذیری اخلاقی را تبیین کردند. Manuscript profile
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        524 - بررسی عوامل اجتماعی و فرهنگی مؤثر بر گرایش به فرزندآوری در شهر اندیمشک با تأکید برسبک زندگی (مطالعه موردی زنان متأهل کمتر از 35 سال)
        اسحق ارجمند ناهید برومند
        هدف از این پژوهش بررسی عوامل اجتماعی و فرهنگی مؤثر بر گرایش به فرزندآوری در شهر اندیمشک می‌باشد. دیدگاه‌های نوگرایی، بوردیو و گیدنز به عنوان چارچوب نظری انتخاب شدند. روش تحقیق، پیمایشی و واحد تحلیل زنان متأهل کمتر از 35 سال و سطح تحلیل، خرد است. شیوه نمونه‌گیری، خوشه‌ای More
        هدف از این پژوهش بررسی عوامل اجتماعی و فرهنگی مؤثر بر گرایش به فرزندآوری در شهر اندیمشک می‌باشد. دیدگاه‌های نوگرایی، بوردیو و گیدنز به عنوان چارچوب نظری انتخاب شدند. روش تحقیق، پیمایشی و واحد تحلیل زنان متأهل کمتر از 35 سال و سطح تحلیل، خرد است. شیوه نمونه‌گیری، خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای و تصادفی ساده است و حجم نمونه طبق فرمول کوکران 240 نفر می‌باشد. ابزارگردآوری داده&rlm;ها، پرسشنامه است. روش تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن، پیرسون&nbsp; و تحلیل رگرسیون چندمتغیره و از نرم‌افزار SPSS استفاده شده است. از اعتبار صوری جهت سنجش اعتبار(روایی) استفاده شد و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (اعتماد یا پایایی) سبک زندگی و گرایش به فرزندآوری به ترتیب برابر با 711/0 و 714/0 است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که بین ترجیح جنسی و گرایش به فرزندآوری رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. بین پیروی از سنت&shy;ها، میزان تحصیلات، سبک زندگی و پایگاه اقتصادی اجتماعی با گرایش به فرزندآوری زنان رابطه منفی و معناداری وجود دارد. اما بین مؤلفه‌های سبک زندگی(اوقات فراغت، مصرف کالای فرهنگی و مدیریت بدن) با گرایش به فرزندآوری زنان رابطه معناداری وجود ندارد. تحلیل رگرسیونی نشان می‌دهد که 3/17 درصد از تغییرات میزان گرایش به فرزندآوری زنان به متغیرهای مستقل(سبک زندگی، پایگاه اقتصادی اجتماعی، ترجیح جنسی و پیروی از سنت&shy;ها) مربوط می‌شود و متغیرهای ترجیح جنسی و پیروی از سنت&shy;ها تأثیر بیشتری در میزان فرزندآوری دارند. Manuscript profile
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        525 - بررسی جامعه‌شناختی عوامل مؤثر بر مصرف سینما (مطالعه موردی جوانان دختر و پسر شهر ساری)
        قربانعلی ابراهیمی محمود فرهادی هادی رازقی
        بر اساس آمار و اطلاعات ارائه شده از سوی مسؤولان فرهنگی، در 20 سال گذشته میزان مخاطبان سینمای ایران حدود 40 میلیون نفر ریزش داشته است. به بیان دیگر، ایرانی‌ها به طور متوسط در سال تنها 15 دقیقه را در سالن‌های سینما سپری می‌نمایند. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی چرایی این امر می More
        بر اساس آمار و اطلاعات ارائه شده از سوی مسؤولان فرهنگی، در 20 سال گذشته میزان مخاطبان سینمای ایران حدود 40 میلیون نفر ریزش داشته است. به بیان دیگر، ایرانی‌ها به طور متوسط در سال تنها 15 دقیقه را در سالن‌های سینما سپری می‌نمایند. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی چرایی این امر می‌باشد، از این رو با بهره‌گیری از نظریه بوردیو کوشش شده‌است تا تأثیر سرمایه‌های اجتماعی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی بر مصرف سینمایی روشن شود. روش این تحقیق، پیمایش می‌باشد و اطلاعات تحقیق حاضر، با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه جمع‌آوری شده است. نمونه این پژوهش شامل 400 جوان دختر و پسر شهر ساری می‌باشد. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داده است که تأثیر هر سه متغیر سرمایه اجتماعی، سرمایه فرهنگی و سرمایه اقتصادی بر متغیر وابسته تحقیق (مصرف سینمایی) مثبت می‌باشد و این مهم بدین‌معنی می‌باشد که با افزایش سرمایه‌های اجتماعی و فرهنگی و اقتصادی، میزان مصرف سینمایی نیز افزایش می‌یابد Manuscript profile
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        526 - the role of building information modeling ( BMI ) in the design process to reduce energy consumption
        Marjan Asadian Shahriyar Shaghagi Seyyed Yashar Bahavarniya
        10.30495/jisaud.2023.1966914.1003
        The Role of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the Design Process to Reduce Energy ConsumptionAbstractCurrently, the issue of sustainable urban development and reduction of energy consumption is one of the most important and common issues at the global and internati More
        The Role of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the Design Process to Reduce Energy ConsumptionAbstractCurrently, the issue of sustainable urban development and reduction of energy consumption is one of the most important and common issues at the global and international levels. It includes different social, economic, and environmental dimensions. Addressing the issue of housing, which is the most important urban element, is crucial in sustainable urban development since housing development affects the economy, culture, and social issues in addition to the environment. In the present study, a library method was used to collect the desired information, and a descriptive method (case example) was used to achieve the final goal of the study, which is to propose a sustainable building with reduced energy consumption in the Saadat Abad area of Tehran using the building information modeling method. First, the necessary information was collected by reviewing various studies and the design work began based on these studies and the use of architectural design methods. Then, based on Iran&rsquo;s construction rules and regulations, and requirements, a basic plan was obtained and this plan was modeled in Revit Architecture software. Design Builder software was used to measure the degree of closeness to the principles of sustainability in architecture. Considering the dimension of time in the design causes the skylight and the terrace of the building can be converted into a greenhouse in the cold seasons of the year. In the hot seasons of the year, the skylight has only the role of the skylight of the building, and it naturally causes the ventilation of different parts of the building due to the suction. The terrace of the building has only the role of a semi-open space that casts a shadow on the related interior parts. Therefore, this method can be a suggestion for improving the quality of using natural energy, especially sunlight, in buildings to optimize fuel consumption.. It includes different social, economic, and environmental dimensions. Addressing the issue of housing, which is the most important urban element, is crucial in sustainable urban development since housing development affects the economy, culture, and social issues in addition to the environment. In the present study, a library method was used to collect the desired information, and a descriptive method (case example) was used to achieve the final goal of the study, which is to propose a sustainable building with reduced energy consumption in the Saadat Abad area of Tehran using the building information modeling method. Design Builder software was used to measure the degree of closeness to the principles of sustainability in architecture. Considering the dimension of time in the design causes the skylight and the terrace of the building can be converted into a greenhouse in the cold seasons of the year. In the hot seasons of the year, the skylight has only the role of the skylight of the building, and it naturally causes the ventilation of different parts of the building due to the suction. The terrace of the building has only the role of a semi-open space that casts a shadow on the related interior parts. Therefore, this method can be a suggestion for improving the quality of using natural energy, especially sunlight, in buildings to optimize fuel consumption.Keywords: Energy consumption, Building informationmodeling, Sustainable development, Skylight, Terrace Manuscript profile
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        527 - The Globalization, space and changes of expenditure culture with an emphasis on Land uses changes (Case study: Sa'aadat Abaad district, region 2 of Tehran)
        Jila Sajadi Parviz Aghaei Kobra Moradi
        The changes of expenditure pattern have caused change of land application (from the traditional form to the modern form) and many problems. Consequently this study has been conducted in Sa'aadat Abaad quarter in district 2 of Tehran city hall in order to investigate eff More
        The changes of expenditure pattern have caused change of land application (from the traditional form to the modern form) and many problems. Consequently this study has been conducted in Sa'aadat Abaad quarter in district 2 of Tehran city hall in order to investigate effective factors in the changes of expenditure pattern. The volume of statistical community is 30 thousand people among whom 380 improbable sample have been chosen by Cochran formula. The study is conducted by descriptive-analytic research method and has a practical-applicable goal. The data and information have been gathered in both ways of desk study and field study. Data analyses have been done by inferential test, Pearson and Regression inferential, in addition to quantitative and descriptive subjects. The research results indicate that the first prior application ( retailers, bakeries, supermarkets, and ...) have owned the least share of 9.16 % in 1393 while the fourth prior application and unnecessary applications ( pizza places, coffee shops,...) have enhanced their share by 48% from 1385 and the previous years. The globalization variables have affected the expenditure pattern as the highest correlation index of traveling abroad and using new applications of 0,527 can be observed. It means that as much as the globalization penetrates the society's culture, their expenditure pattern will change. In addition to the globalization variables, aging, education, economical condition of the residents and the income enhancement of these applications are also effective which will pave the way for using modern applications. Manuscript profile
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        528 - Identification of Factors Affecting the Observance of the Optimal Water Consumption Pattern in Iran (Case Study of Fanuj City)
        Rostam Saberifar navid arbabi
        Achieving safe and sufficient water is one of the biggest challenges for Iran and many countries in the world, especially in the Middle East. Among the many solutions, consumption pattern management is considered one of the most popular. For this purpose, this study was More
        Achieving safe and sufficient water is one of the biggest challenges for Iran and many countries in the world, especially in the Middle East. Among the many solutions, consumption pattern management is considered one of the most popular. For this purpose, this study was conducted in Fanuj city of Sistan and Baluchestan province as one of the most critical cities in Iran. The study was descriptive and analytical in a survey and correlational manner. The required sample was selected using 300 Cochran's formula. According to this sample size, 95% confidence level and 5% standard error rate were determined. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, one-way analysis of variance and correlation test in SPSS software. The results showed that among the methods of controlling water consumption, the highest effect is related to changing people's attitudes, especially the attitudes of young people. So that young people, by creating a flow in social networks, not only make the biggest changes, but also have the highest effect on changing the attitude of families. According to the study, students reduced their per capita consumption from 151 liters per day to about 140 liters over a six-month period. Therefore, it is recommended to pay more attention to this group in future policies. Manuscript profile
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        529 - تأثیر ادراک مصرف‌کنندگان از کشور مبدا برند بر ارزش ویژه‌ی برند محصولات
        عباسعلی کدیور
        تأثیر ادراک مصرف‌کنندگان از کشور مبدا برند به عنوان یک ابزار قوی جهت شناخت نیاز مشتری، افزایش رضایت او و در نهایت افزایش سودآوری سازمان کاربرد فراوانی دارد. روش&shy;های پرسشنامه&shy;ای با طراحی و جمع&shy;آوری آن از طیف وسیعی از مشتریان، مدیران و خبرگان محصولات شوینده با More
        تأثیر ادراک مصرف‌کنندگان از کشور مبدا برند به عنوان یک ابزار قوی جهت شناخت نیاز مشتری، افزایش رضایت او و در نهایت افزایش سودآوری سازمان کاربرد فراوانی دارد. روش&shy;های پرسشنامه&shy;ای با طراحی و جمع&shy;آوری آن از طیف وسیعی از مشتریان، مدیران و خبرگان محصولات شوینده با پالایش و تحلیل داده&shy;ها نتایج مناسبی را جهت تصمیم&shy;گیری در مورد اتخاذ استراتژی&shy;های مدیریت مشتریان فراهم می&shy;آورد. ابزار اندازه‌گیری این تحقیق، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته شامل 20سؤالبسته در چهار بخش می&shy;باشد، که پایایی هر یک از فرضیه&shy;های کیفیت ادراک شده، آگاهی از برند، وفاداری به برند و تداعی برند با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ بترتیب 957/0، 924/0 934/0و 922/0 می&shy;باشد. روایی تحقیق از طریق روایی محتوا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و مورد تأیید واقع شد پرسشنامه طراحی شده براساس طیف 5 گزینه‌ای لیکرت بود. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات جمع&shy;آوری شده از آماره‌های مورد نظر در داخل و خارج از کشور از روش مدل&shy;سازی معادلات ساختاری و نرم افزار‌های SPSS &nbsp;و Liser استفاده گردید. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن است که خبرگان بر سر اهمیت هر 4 فرضیه توافق داشتند و میانگین اهمیت هر چهار فرضیه متوسط رو به بالا را نشان دادند.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        530 - ارزیابی عصاره جلبک دریایی آسکوفیلوم نودوسوم در بهبود شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی پرکاربردترین ارقام گیاه عدس در استان خوزستان
        راهله احمدپور نظام آرمند
        Manuscript profile
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        531 - برهم کنش عصاره جلبک دریایی (Ascophyllum nodosum) و تنش خشکی بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی(Lycopersicon sculentum L.)
        راهله احمدپور فرنوش محمدی نظام آرمند
        Manuscript profile
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        532 - ارزیابی مهمترین پارامترهای جوانه زنی بذر نخود (رقم آزاد) تحت تاثیر عصاره ورمی کمپوست و تنش خشکی
        راهله احمدپور محمد وهاب نژاد
        10.30495/jsr.2022.1934527.1215
        Manuscript profile
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        533 - اثر پیش تیمار زیستی بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی عدس (Lens culinaris Medik) در دماهای مختلف
        راهله احمدپور پرتو نصیری سعید رضا حسین زاده نظام آرمند
        10.30495/jsr.2022.1945811.1227
        Manuscript profile
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        534 - Evaluation of the effect of foliar and soil application of zinc and silicon nanoparticles on some physiological traits of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
        norollah kheyri Hossein Ajam Norouzi Hamid Reza Mobasser Benjamin Torabi
        To evaluate the effect of various application methods of zinc (Zn) and silicon (Si) on some physiological traits of rice (cv. Tarom Hashemi), a field experiment was carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with 16 treatments and three replicati More
        To evaluate the effect of various application methods of zinc (Zn) and silicon (Si) on some physiological traits of rice (cv. Tarom Hashemi), a field experiment was carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with 16 treatments and three replications in Nour in 2016. The experimental treatments included T1: Control, T2: Calcium silicate soil application, T3: Zinc sulfate soil application, T4: Calcium silicate + Zinc sulfate, T5: Nano-Si foliar application, T6: Nano-Si + Calcium silicate, T7: Nano-Si + Zinc sulfate, T8: Nano-Si + Calcium silicate + Zinc sulfate, T9: Nano-Zn oxide foliar application, T10: Nano-Zn oxide + Calcium silicate, T11: Nano-Zn oxide + Zinc sulfate, T12: Nano-Zn oxide + Calcium silicate + Zinc sulfate, T13: Nano-Si + Nano-Zn oxide, T14: Nano-Si + Nano-Zn oxide + Calcium silicate, T15: Nano-Si + Nano-Zn oxide + Zinc sulfate and T16: Nano-Si + Nano-Zn oxide + Calcium silicate + Zinc sulfate. Results showed that straw protein, zinc and silicon in grain and straw were affected by experimental treatments, but the evaluated treatments showed no significant effect on grain protein and chlorophyll content of flag leaf. Among evaluated treatments, the combined application of silicon and zinc improved nutrient absorption compared to separate application of each element and control. This indicates the aggregation of Zn and Si compounds and their synergistic effects. Combined application of silicon and zinc by both methods of NP foliar application and soil application (T16) improved nutrients uptake in grain and straw of rice, but among the methods used, the NP foliar application had a more positive effects in improving physiological characteristics of rice plants than the treatments of soil application of elements. Manuscript profile
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        535 - Effect of different levels of biochar on physiological traits of pumpkin under water shortage stress
        Ali reza Safahani Reza Noora
        Biochar has recently attracted lots of attention as a viable strategy for increasing crop productivity. Water shortage limits the productivity of agriculture, and one possible solution to this problem is the application of biochar. The objective of this study was to inv More
        Biochar has recently attracted lots of attention as a viable strategy for increasing crop productivity. Water shortage limits the productivity of agriculture, and one possible solution to this problem is the application of biochar. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of biochar on physiology and yield of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) under different irrigation regimes. For this purpose, a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with four replicates was conducted in Gorgan, in two successive years (2014-2015) and consisting of a factorial combination of four irrigation regimes including 45%, 60%, 75%, and 90% (I1-I4) of maximum allowable depletion (MAD) of available soil water (ASW) and biochar was applied at rates 0, 5, 10, and 20 tons per ha(B0&ndash;B20). Drought increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the content of reactive oxygen species in leaf compared to control. In contrast, all of the antioxidant activities, reactive oxygen species and proline contents of leaves in soil treated with biochar, particularly at B20 biochar, declined. With the addition of biochar, the contents of MDA, O2&bull;&minus; and H2O2displayed remarkable decrease, however, maximum and minimum of these substances belonged to I4B0 and I1B20, respectively. Interestingly, biochar application alleviated the negative impact of reduced irrigation on the leaf gas exchange parameters, crop yields, water use efficiency, chlorophyll content, uptake of nutrients, and plant water status. Measured and simulated results revealed a special biochar application threshold for each irrigation regime with respect to seed yield. Response rate to biochar was ceased at lower biochar rates by prolonging irrigation. But the response of I2 treatment to biochar ceased at higher biochar rate as Bcritical (14 t ha-1). This implies that I2 improved response of pumpkin to biochar, which was accompanied by its higher WUE. These results indicate that biochar amendment could be considered as a successful strategy for improving the water productivity and increased crop production in study region (Gorgan). Manuscript profile
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        536 - The Effect of external abscisic acid on some physiological factors and gas exchanges of Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia cv. Organic Munestead) in response to drought stress
        Hossein Gorgini Shabankareh sarah khorasaninejad vahid shariati hasan soltanloo
        In order to study the effects of irrigation and abscisic acid regime on physiological factors and gas exchanges of Lavandula angustifolia CV. Organic Munestead, a pot experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications More
        In order to study the effects of irrigation and abscisic acid regime on physiological factors and gas exchanges of Lavandula angustifolia CV. Organic Munestead, a pot experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Plant Production faculty of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, during growing season of 2016- 17. The treatments were four levels of irrigation regimes (30-40, 50-60, 70-80 and 90-100 percent field capacity) and Abscisic acid including three levels (0, 15 and 30 Mm/L). The results showed that irrigation regimes increase chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a+b, gas exchange and RWC. Abscisic acid had significant effect on all traits except of carotenoid content that except to efficiency of water consumption was Abscisic acid 15 Mm/L, the others were the highest in Abscisic acid 30 Mm/L. Also interaction effect of irrigation regimes and Abscisic acid was significant for all traits except of chlorophyll a+b. Abscisic acid 15 Mm/L spray and irrigation regimes 30-40 percent field capacity increase 25.04 and 38,75 in efficiency of leaf water consumption and efficiency of water consumption, respectively. Generally, Abscisic acid 15 Mm/L application and irrigation regimes 30-40 percent field capacity Introduces the best treatment, due to the lower consumption of water and the use of Abscisic acid in stress conditions, higher levels of Abscisic acid can be achieved in inducing drought tolerance. Manuscript profile
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        537 - Investigation of the effect of plant density and humic acid on paddy yield, water use efficiency, and biochemical traits of direct-seeded rice cultivation (Oryza sativa L.) in northern Iran
        Manizhe Kalteh Hossein Ajam Norouzi Abolfazl Faraji Abdol Aziz Haghighi Ebrahim Gholamalipour Alamdari
        10.30495/iper.2022.688804
        The transition from transplanting rice cultivation to direct-seeding rice cultivation has recently begun in Iran, especially in Golestan province. No information is yet available on the effect of humic acid and plant density on paddy yield and some of its biochemical tr More
        The transition from transplanting rice cultivation to direct-seeding rice cultivation has recently begun in Iran, especially in Golestan province. No information is yet available on the effect of humic acid and plant density on paddy yield and some of its biochemical traits. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted in a research farm located in Gonbad city during May to September 2019 in the form of split plot-factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant density (plant spacing per row) was considered as the main factor with 4 levels (5, 10, 15, and 20 cm) and humic acid consumption at 2 levels (humic acid consumption, no humic acid consumption) was considered as subplots. Humic acid fertilizer with a concentration of 250 ml per hectare was added in three stages including tillering (4-6 leaves), stalking (20-30 days after tillering), and before panicle initiation. Results showed that the effects of plant spacing on row and humic acid application on 1000-seed weight, paddy yield, biological yield, harvest index, grain protein, water use efficiency, and chlorophyll a and b and total chlorophyll were significant. Considering 5 and 10 cm plant spacing on rows along with humic acid application had the highest rice yield and water use efficiency. Also, chlorophyll content showed a significant change with increasing plant density and application of humic acid with a significant increase in chlorophyll a and b, which in turn was effective in increasing paddy yield. Rice protein also showed the highest level in 10 cm spacing between plants on each row along with the application of humic acid. Manuscript profile
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        538 - Effect of substrate and humic acid on some morphophysiological traits and water consumption of Carpobrotus edulis L. in a green roof system
        Maliheh Rabbani Kheir Khah Fatemeh Kazemi
        10.30495/iper.2021.1943937.1743
        The health of plants in green roof conditions depends to a large extent on the supply of water required by plants. The composition of the substrate is effective in maintaining the moisture and making it available to the plant, and one of the solutions to reduce water co More
        The health of plants in green roof conditions depends to a large extent on the supply of water required by plants. The composition of the substrate is effective in maintaining the moisture and making it available to the plant, and one of the solutions to reduce water consumption in the green roof is improving the substrate. In this study, water requirement and some morphophysiological traits of Carpobrotus edulis L. were studied under substrate and humic acid treatment. The research was conducted in green roof box conditions as a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications from May to September 2020 in Mashhad. The first factor was substrate including Substrate 1 (soil 20% + 20% Leica + 20% perlite + mineral pumice + 20% leaf soil), Substrate 2 (substrate 1 + 6% by weight of bentonite), Substrate 3 (substrate 1+ 12% by weight of bentonite), soilless Substrate 4 (27% mineral pumice + 27% Leica + 27% perlite + 20% leaf soil), Substrate 5 (substrate 4 + 6% by weight bentonite), and Substrate 6 (substrate 4+ 12% by weight of bentonite). The second factor was the concentration of humic acid (0, 100, and 200 mg L-1) applied as fertigation every 15 days. Soil-containing substrates performed significantly better than soilless substrates and the highest coverage, root length, and volume of green roof plants were observed in substrate 3 (containing soil and 12% by weight of bentonite). The highest leaf water and chlorophyll contents and the lowest relative saturation deficit, carotenoids, phenols, and leaf carbohydrates were observed in Substrate 3, which show the physiological stability of the plant under stress conditions, was evident in substrate 3. Application of 200 mg/L humic acid was associated with the best growth and physiological performance of plants. A substrate rich in moisture and nutrients, including 20% Soil + 20% Leica + 20% perlite +20% mineral pumice + 12% w bentonite + 200 mg/L humic acid resulted in the plants with optimal water consumption. The presence of soil and mineral superabsorbent (bentonite) in the green roof substrate is especially important in terms of moisture retention, and of course, the supplementary nutrition of plants in the green roof also improves their performance in the green roof. Manuscript profile
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        539 - اثر کودهای دامی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد علوفه، دانه و غلظت برخی از عناصر غذایی در دانه جو (Hordeum vulgare L.)
        احمد قنبری یاسر اسماعیلیان مهدی بابائیان
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        540 - Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of Acinos graveolense (M.B.) Link. extract from Ghamsar, Kashan
        حسین batooli عبدالرسول حقیر ابراهیم آبادی ناهیده سادات حقیقی
        Acinos Miller. is belongs to Lamiaceae family, which grows as bush-herbaceous and consists of more than 10 species; two spaces from Aonos has been reported in the flora of Iran. In this study the essential oil composition and antibacterial activity of Acinos graveolense More
        Acinos Miller. is belongs to Lamiaceae family, which grows as bush-herbaceous and consists of more than 10 species; two spaces from Aonos has been reported in the flora of Iran. In this study the essential oil composition and antibacterial activity of Acinos graveolense (M.B.) Link extract has been studied. The aerial parts of the plant in blooming were collected from natural habitats (Ghamsar area), in spring 2014. It was dried in laboratory conditions, the essential oil were isolated by simultaneous steam distillation extraction (SDE) and were analysed by using GC and GC-MS. The methanol extract was obtained by maceration method and the antimicrobial activity of plant extract was measured by disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration against eleven microorganisms. The yield of the oil was 0.1% w/w. the analysis led to identification of 27 compounds. The main essential oil components were germacrene-D (56.6%), bicyclogermacrene (8.7%), caryophyllene oxide (7.5%), e-caryophyllene (4.5%), and limonene (3.4%). In addition, sesquiterpens hydrocarbon was the main component of the oil. The extract of Acinos graveolense against three tested bacteria (Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcusepidermidis and Salmonella paratyphi-Aserotype) were showed low antimicrobial activity. In conclusion, due to the high amounts of sesquiterpenes in this essential oil and its antimicrobial activity, we could reports that the aerial part of A. graveolense is suitable for the preparation of natural antimicrobial agent. Manuscript profile
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        541 - A discussion on trade exchanges between Iran and Egypt from Darius I to the end of the Achaemenid period
        mohamad ghasemi feyzolah Boushasb goushe behzad moeini sam Shokouhossadat arabi hashemi
        The location of Egypt on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea and on the land and sea trade routes of the ancient world, caused it to be the focus of the great Achaemenid emperors as a large and important base. Despite the conquest of Egypt by Cambodia, the Achaemenid tra More
        The location of Egypt on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea and on the land and sea trade routes of the ancient world, caused it to be the focus of the great Achaemenid emperors as a large and important base. Despite the conquest of Egypt by Cambodia, the Achaemenid trade relationship with this western satrap It was mostly done through the old royal road, but with the efforts of Darius I, he started extensive measures in this land, the most important of which are the development of roads and the digging of the Suez Canal. With the digging of this canal, shipping activities and maritime communication and, as a result, commercial relations with Egypt expanded, and on the other hand, Iran's role as a trade route between East and West grew considerably. According to the available sources, items needed for use in the Iranian army, such as army armor and architectural tools, have been supplied from Egypt, and in return, salt and spices have been taken from Iran to Egypt. In this research, an attempt is made to deal with the items exchanged between the two countries. And in this way, to deal with the commercial issues surrounding it in order to expand the relations between the two countries, beyond the mere political relations and with the aim of promoting commercial relations. Manuscript profile
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        542 - The role of Shiite ministers in Fatimid rule and the spread of Shiism in Egypt
        ABBAS SHIRMOHAMADI mahdi goljan fereshtesadat etetagfar
        With the rise of the Fatimids in North Africa, a great change took place in the Islamic world, and that was the establishment of a caliphate based on Shiite beliefs. The institution of the ministry was one of the influential institutions in the political structure of th More
        With the rise of the Fatimids in North Africa, a great change took place in the Islamic world, and that was the establishment of a caliphate based on Shiite beliefs. The institution of the ministry was one of the influential institutions in the political structure of the Fatimid government, and they, like the Abbasid government, had two types of ministries of enforcement and delegation, which were ministers in the first period and the caliph was in power. The ministry of delegation began, and the ministers were the main power in the Fatimid caliphate. The main question of the present study is what role did the Shiite ministers of the Fatimid religion play in the spread of Shiism and Shiite beliefs in Egypt? The research hypothesis is that the Fatimid Shiite ministers played a significant role in the spread of Shiism and Shiite beliefs in Egypt. Based on the findings of this descriptive-analytical study, the actions and reforms carried out by the Shiite ministers of the Fatimid religion during their ministry have played an effective role in establishing their government and spreading Shiite beliefs in North Africa. Manuscript profile
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        543 - A study of the personality and performance of Qais ibn Sa'd ibn Ibadah Ansari
        ramin alizadeh mehdi goljan Mahdi Ansari
        Qais ibn Sa'd ibn Ibadah Ansari is one of the companions of the Prophet (PBUH) (and one of the companions of Imam Ali) (AS) and Imam Hassan. No date has been mentioned for his birth; He was a teenager and had honors during the time of the Prophet, such as: the servant o More
        Qais ibn Sa'd ibn Ibadah Ansari is one of the companions of the Prophet (PBUH) (and one of the companions of Imam Ali) (AS) and Imam Hassan. No date has been mentioned for his birth; He was a teenager and had honors during the time of the Prophet, such as: the servant of the Prophet, the head of law enforcement and the bearer of the Ansar flag in some battles, which shows his closeness and companionship with the Prophet during the caliphate of Imam Ali (AS). , Is one of the first people who pledged allegiance to him and was one of the companions of the Imam in the battles of Jaml, Safin and Nahrawan. He held various positions in the period of Imam Ali (AS). Finally, after the peace of Imam Hassan (AS), he settled in Medina and died at the end of Mu'awiyah's rule. The period of Imam Ali (as) and after him has been studied. Studies have shown that Qais and his family were among the main pillars of Islam during the time of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) and After his death and during the time of Imam Ali (as), he showed great courage and efforts in strengthening Islam and remained true to his covenant until the end. Manuscript profile
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        544 - رویکرد انتقادی روزنامه های فارسی زبان مصر به وضعیت اقتصادی ایران در عصر ناصری و مظفری
        دکترغلامحسین زرگری ستار زارعی
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        545 - طراحی مدل پیش بینی رویگردانی مصرف کنندگان گاز طبیعی با رویکرد انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر
        ابوذر پوریانی هرمز مهرانی روح اله سمیعی سامره شجاعی محمدرضا امیدخواه نسرین
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        546 - طراحی مدل تصمیم‌‌‌گیری اخلاق سبز مصرف‌کنندگان صنعت پوشاک
        سعید مهدی زاده چافجیری علی قلی پور سلیمانی فرزین فرحبد حمیدرضا رضایی کلیدبری
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        547 - بررسی تاثیر سبک زندگی سبز بر سبک‌های مصرفی با توجه به نقش میانجی گرایش های متعصبانه مصرف کنندگان
        رامین باقری مهدی نعیمی عبدالعزیز پقه
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        548 - شناسایی و رتبه بندی عوامل موثر بر حمایت مصرف کننده از کسب و کارهای سبز در منطقه آزاد اروند با تکنیک TOPSIS
        فریدون امیدی
        Manuscript profile
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        549 - The Effect of Habit Formation on Consumers Behavior in Iran
        Mir Hosein Mousavi Elnaz khojasteh Farid Dehghani
        10.30495/eco.2023.1985604.2755
        In this paper, the effect of formed habits on consumer behavior was investigated by separating the three effects of generation, age and time (year) by generating a quasi-hybrid data set using the Dayton method. For this purpose, in the field of generations, 14 generatio More
        In this paper, the effect of formed habits on consumer behavior was investigated by separating the three effects of generation, age and time (year) by generating a quasi-hybrid data set using the Dayton method. For this purpose, in the field of generations, 14 generations were studied from 1305 to 1995. Concerning time (year), this research investigates over 30 years from 1986 to 2020. The age of the subjects in this study ranged from 16 to 72 years. The results of the analysis of generation effects show that consumption expenditures are increasing with younger generations. The results of the study of the effect of time show the increase of households' consumption expenditure during the years 1986 to 2020 and the somewhat constant trend of the years 1995 to 2015. Results of the effects of age on consumption expenditure pattern confirmed the life cycle pattern. Manuscript profile
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        550 - The effect of industrial concentration and capital goods import on the energy consumption intensity in Iran’s industries
        Sima Hajebi Fard Reza Roshan
        10.30495/eco.2023.1995412.2788
        The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect of industrial concentration and import of capital goods on the intensity of energy consumption in Iranian industries. Industrial concentration index has been calculated using Herfindahl-Hirschman method and relative More
        The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect of industrial concentration and import of capital goods on the intensity of energy consumption in Iranian industries. Industrial concentration index has been calculated using Herfindahl-Hirschman method and relative entropy. In this research, the panel data method and the fixed effects model were used to estimate the coefficients of the models. The research findings indicate that between 2002 and 2018,&nbsp; industrial concentration and import of capital goods have a positive and statistically significant effect on the intensity of energy consumption. So that, one percent increase in the share of the industry in the market, increases the intensity of energy consumption between 0,089 to 0.203 percent. Also, the price of energy carriers has a negative effect on the intensity of energy consumption. Considering the inverse relationship between the price of energy carriers and energy intensity and the low elasticity of the price, it is &nbsp;necessary that incrementally raise the energy prices for industries logically causing environmental pollution to decrease their energy intensity. It is suggested that capital goods enter industries that have low energy consumption. Manuscript profile
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        551 - Examining the Profile of Consumption and Income of Iranian Households During Life Cycles
        Farzaneh Anvari Sajjad Barkhordari Mohsen Mehrara
        10.30495/eco.2023.1991316.2767
        This study, using the dynamic planning approach and using the statistics and information obtained from the cost and income of Iranian households in the theoretical framework of the life cycle theory of Modigliani and Brumberg (1954), examines the consumption and income More
        This study, using the dynamic planning approach and using the statistics and information obtained from the cost and income of Iranian households in the theoretical framework of the life cycle theory of Modigliani and Brumberg (1954), examines the consumption and income profile of the life cycles of Iranian households in the form of two versions. "Certainty Equivalent " and " Buffer stock " (which is equivalent to consumption under uncertainty) from Friedman's theory of permanent income and separate different educational groups and occupations. The results of this study show that in all of these profiles, consumption and income profiles follow entirely each other before the age of 45; In this way, it can be claimed that the CEQ theory is valid until the age of 45 and can explain the consumption and income profile of Iranian households well. The changes in the consumption behavior of Iranian households after the age of 45 show the change in preferences and the uncertainty of future incomes, so the profile of consumption and income after the age of 45 can only be explained with models that also consider uncertainty . Other results of this study show that Iranian households save up to the age of 45 with a "precautionary" motive; After the age of 45, the precautionary motivation to save is weakened, and with the change of preferences and the type of uncertainty, the motivation to "finance retirement expenses" is strengthened, and after the age of 65, they save with the motivation of inheritance. Manuscript profile
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        552 - Targeting the Price of Energy Carriers and Consumption Behavior of Urban Households in Iran
        S.M. Ahmadi J. Pajooyan E. Gholami
        The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the composition of consuming expenditures of urban households in Iran under various scenarios of the price of energy carriers. For this purpose, initially, goods and services consumed by urban households are divided into More
        The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the composition of consuming expenditures of urban households in Iran under various scenarios of the price of energy carriers. For this purpose, initially, goods and services consumed by urban households are divided into 7 groups and the share of total household expenditures is estimated by applying an almost ideal demand system (AIDS) and the data of the years 2001-2010 for 10 cost deciles. Then, the average of the share of each of these groups is simulated for the years 2011 -2013 under two scenarios of 20 and 85 percentage of the price. The results indicate that using either of these two scenarios does not change the consumption composition of urban households and consumers preferences before relating the price to the needs and priorities. So, if the government plans to impose steep price scenarios, it should follow supporting supplements policies to compensate the decline of consumer welfare. Manuscript profile
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        553 - Impact of Oil Different Products Consumption on Economic Growth in Iran Provinces
        kumars Shahbazi hosein Asgharpur Karim moharramzadeh
        The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between different oil products consumption and economic growth in Iran provinces. The basic question is whether the reduction of different oil products consumption caused by subsidy reform plan decelera More
        The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between different oil products consumption and economic growth in Iran provinces. The basic question is whether the reduction of different oil products consumption caused by subsidy reform plan decelerates the economic growth or not? To answer this question, we use Panel Data model and quarterly data during 2000Q1-2006Q4 at provincial level. The results indicate that gasoline and gasoil consumption have positive and significant effect on economic growth of the provinces, such that the elasticity of provinces products compared to the gasoline and gasoil consumption is 0.22 and 0.19 respectively. The results also represent that the development expenditures of government and population have positive and significant effect on economic growth. The ratio of population elasticity to the production is larger than the ratio of the production elasticity to the development expenditures of government. According to this research, it can be argued that the limitation of oil products consumption can decelerate the economic growth in Iran provinces. Manuscript profile
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        554 - Evaluation of Home Bias in Consumption and Exchange Rate Fluctuations (DSGE Approach)
        Mohammad Akbari mohammad javad sharifzade ali ranjbaraki
        The aim of this study is to evaluate the result of the exsictance and change in consumer home bias on macroeconomic variables (such as consumption and inflation), in the event of exogenous shocks to the economy. In order to do so, seasonal data of the period 1394-1370 a More
        The aim of this study is to evaluate the result of the exsictance and change in consumer home bias on macroeconomic variables (such as consumption and inflation), in the event of exogenous shocks to the economy. In order to do so, seasonal data of the period 1394-1370 and a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model has been used. After designing the model, parameters of the suggested model are estimated by Bayesian approach. Reviewing the impulse response functions in the event of exogenous shocks (such as oil revenue shock and technological shock) shows that, with home bias exsictance in the model, inflation and consumption volatility will reduced due to the increased volatility of exchange rate. Based on the results it is recommended that, In order to control endogenous variables (including inflation), In the event of exogenous shocks, especially oil revenue shock, the exchange rate should be allowed to fluctuate more. Manuscript profile
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        555 - Estimation of Consumers’ Welfare Changes by Using True Cost of Living Index in Iran
        Ali Akbar Khosravi nejad Ebrahim Siami Araghi
        This paper introduce index numbers theory emphasis on economic approach and its applied welfare of consumer behavior. Price index number theory, product and welfare are one of the most important debate in economics while expand changes index numbers theory has been expe More
        This paper introduce index numbers theory emphasis on economic approach and its applied welfare of consumer behavior. Price index number theory, product and welfare are one of the most important debate in economics while expand changes index numbers theory has been experienced in last three decades. These changes can be related to views differences of economists to index number theory. Some economists calculated welfare measurement and welfare changes with relating to demand system like Linear Expenditure System (LES) and Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). In this paper, True Cost of living Index is estimated by using AIDS. The Results indicate that the Cost of Living Index in rural area is larger than urban during 1997-2007. Manuscript profile
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        556 - Impact of Wealth on the Consumption of Private Sector in Iran
        Sara Emamgholipour LotfAli Agheli
        In this paper, the effect of financial wealth on private sector consumption is tested. The estimation of Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) model by using quarterly data during 1996Q1-2010Q4 represents that the marginal propensity to consume out of disposable incom More
        In this paper, the effect of financial wealth on private sector consumption is tested. The estimation of Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) model by using quarterly data during 1996Q1-2010Q4 represents that the marginal propensity to consume out of disposable income is 0.361 and 0.686 in the short and long-term respectively, and it will be 0.261 and 0.497 respectively when consuming financial wealth. In addition, Error Correction Model (ECM) explains moderate adjustment of short-term imbalances with a factor of -0.525. Manuscript profile
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        557 - The Demand for Away from Home Food in Iranian Households: An Application of Box-Cox Double Hurdle Model
        hasan farazmand hamidreza hallafi
        Abstract Inspired by Becker&rsquo;s model (1965) and Double-Hurdle pattern by the transformation of Box-Cox and also using the statistical data related to the income and expenses of the urban and rural households in Iran during the year 2012, the most important economi More
        Abstract Inspired by Becker&rsquo;s model (1965) and Double-Hurdle pattern by the transformation of Box-Cox and also using the statistical data related to the income and expenses of the urban and rural households in Iran during the year 2012, the most important economic and demographic reasons affecting the probable participation and amount of consumption of food away from home has been identified and then the elasticities related to the probable participation and conditional and unconditional consumptions been calculated. The elasticities resulting from estimating the maximum likelihood function of the research under the study indicates that the results of the explanatory factors on the probable participation and the expenses pertaining to the food away from home are sometimes favorable and sometimes contradictory and contrastive. The families themselves and their educational level respectively have a negative and positive favorable effect on the consumption of food away from home. The average age factor of the household has negative elasticity on the probable participation and positive elasticity on costs. So, it has a contrasting effect on the consumption of food away from home.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        558 - Redefinition of the Relation between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Iran: Markov Switching Approach
        A. M. Mozayani A. Esari Arani B. Afsharian A. Rasouli
        Abstract The purpose of this study is finding the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in the industry and transport sector in developed and developing provinces in Iran through Markov switching model during 2000-2010. The results indicate a posi More
        Abstract The purpose of this study is finding the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in the industry and transport sector in developed and developing provinces in Iran through Markov switching model during 2000-2010. The results indicate a positive effect of energy consumption growth on value added growth in industry and transportation both in developed and developing provinces. But, the positive effect of energy consumption will be increased by moving from recession to economic boom phrase. The results imply that the relation between energy consumption and economic growth in transportation sector is more than industry and there is an asymmetric relation between energy consumption and economic growth. Manuscript profile
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        559 - Relation Between Electricity Consumption and Economical Growth in Selected Exporting Oil Countries
        mohsen mehrara razieh farmahini farahani Ayat hasanzadeh
        The purpose of this study is to estimate the relationship between economic growth and electricity consumption growth in the selected oil exporting countries during 1972-2008 using both country time series and panel data. The empirical results based on panel data indicat More
        The purpose of this study is to estimate the relationship between economic growth and electricity consumption growth in the selected oil exporting countries during 1972-2008 using both country time series and panel data. The empirical results based on panel data indicated that there is a mono-directional short-run causality running from electricity consumption growth to economic growth and a bi-directional long-run causality between electricity consumption growth and economic growth. The findings implied that economic growth in the selected exporting oil countries is highly depended to the electricity energy, and thus, electricity conservation policies will have a reverse effect on their economic growth. Manuscript profile
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        560 - The Effect of Manufacturing Products and Foreign Direct Investment on Co2 Emission in D8 Countries
        Mohammad mehdi Barghi oskoee Firooz fallahi Sona zhendeh khatibi
        In this research, we will study the effects of different variables such as energy consumption, manufacturing products, foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic development on the emission of Co2 in D8 countries during 1990-2007 as an econometric model estimated by u More
        In this research, we will study the effects of different variables such as energy consumption, manufacturing products, foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic development on the emission of Co2 in D8 countries during 1990-2007 as an econometric model estimated by using Panel Data and GMM. The results represent that, in Fixed Effect method, all variables under the examination except FDI have a positive and significant effect on Co2 emission. In GMM, all variables estimated are positive and significant too.&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        561 - Estimating the Food Price and Income Elasticities in Tehran Urban Households
        vida varahrami zohreh hoshmand reza yousefi haji absd
        Abstract The aim of this research is to estimate the food price and income elasticities in urban household of Tehran province. For this purpose, the data of household food items in Tehran province used by different groups of household consumer goods are gathered and th More
        Abstract The aim of this research is to estimate the food price and income elasticities in urban household of Tehran province. For this purpose, the data of household food items in Tehran province used by different groups of household consumer goods are gathered and then handled as a combination of linear almost ideal demand system based on seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) during 2004- 2012. In this paper, the behavior of price and income elasticities has been studied in urban households. The overall results represent that cereals, dairy products and oils group are a part of essential commodities. Meats, fish and marine animals are luxury goods. Cross-price elasticities, in term of absolute value, are less than one in most cases. Auto-price elasticity of fish and marine animals is more than one unit. In other word, this group is a kind of elastic goods Manuscript profile
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        562 - Price Index Convergence in Iran Provinces
        Kiumars shahbazi Frooz fallahi Amir Gholami
        Lower level of trade and non-trade barriers between different regions of a country raises the possibility of purchasing power parity theory and the law of one price within an intra-national context. Of course, it is possible due to economic and geographical conditions, More
        Lower level of trade and non-trade barriers between different regions of a country raises the possibility of purchasing power parity theory and the law of one price within an intra-national context. Of course, it is possible due to economic and geographical conditions, the prices also be affected by local shocks. Therefore, it leads to the question "whether there is price convergence between different provinces and if any local shocks, what will be the half-life of convergence of provincial price indices? In this paper, we examine the convergence of the consumer price index across Iran provinces using panel unit root test and monthly data during 2002-2011. The results indicate that the convergence of provinces price indices depends on the choice of the num&eacute;raire province and by deviations from the law of one price based on a local shock, the convergence of half-life would be about 1.5 years. Manuscript profile
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        563 - The effect of UCP1 and PPARα genotypes on endurance performance and body composition of obese women after eight weeks of endurance training
        Maryam Kamari Masoud Rahmati Mehdi Boostani
        Introduction: Considering the role of UCP1 and PPAR&alpha; in fat metabolism, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of UCP1 and PPAR&alpha; genotypes on endurance performance and body composition of obese women after an endurance training program.Materials More
        Introduction: Considering the role of UCP1 and PPAR&alpha; in fat metabolism, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of UCP1 and PPAR&alpha; genotypes on endurance performance and body composition of obese women after an endurance training program.Materials and Methods: 23 obese women (30-45 years old, BMI=30) voluntarily participated in the research. Subjects participated in an endurance training program (8 weeks, 5 sessions per week and 30 minutes in each session, by intensity of 55-75% of heart rate reserve). The subjects' height, weight, BMI, body fat percentage, waist-to-hip ratio, and VO2max were evaluated before and after the training program. In order to extract DNA and observe the genetic profile by RFLP method, saliva samples were collected. Subjects were placed in CG and GG groups for PPAR&alpha; gene and CC and CT groups for UCP1 gene. The frequency of genotypes was checked with chi-square test and the difference between variables was checked with independent t-test.Results: The results of UCP1 gene in CC and CT genotype groups showed that there is no significant difference between pre to post test of VO2max (p=0.823), BMI (p=0.683), fat percentage (p=0.275), waist-to-hip ratio (p=0.113). Also, the results of PPAR&alpha; gene in CG and GG genotype groups showed that there is no significant difference between pre to post test of VO2max (p=0.739), BMI (p=0.24), fat percentage (p=0.493) and waist-to-hip ratio (p=0.447).Conclusion: UCP1 and PPAR&alpha; genotypes have no effect on endurance performance and body composition of obese women after an endurance training program. Manuscript profile
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        564 - Energy Saving by Timely Replacing Three-Phase Induction Motors with the Help of Accurate Estimation of its Efficiency Using Modified Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
        Mehdi Bigdeli Davood Azizian Mohammad Jamadi
        Today, most energy consumption in industry is related to induction motors. Evaluation of induction motor&rsquo;s efficiency is an important issue for life estimation, extend the life and energy saving managements. Using the estimated efficiency of the induction motor, i More
        Today, most energy consumption in industry is related to induction motors. Evaluation of induction motor&rsquo;s efficiency is an important issue for life estimation, extend the life and energy saving managements. Using the estimated efficiency of the induction motor, its performance can be judged and replacing the existing low efficiency motor by a high efficiency motor could be decided. In this paper, a novel and efficient method based on Modified Artificial Bee Colony (MABC) Algorithm is presented for efficiency estimation in the induction motors. The main advantage of the proposed method is efficiency evaluation of induction motor without any intrusive test. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed method, a comparison with other intelligent optimization algorithms is performed. Then, one of the important applications of efficiency estimation, which replaces the high efficiency induction motors instead of conventional motors, is discussed. The results of the calculation of energy savings show that if a standard motor is replaced with a high efficiency motor, energy savings will be significant. Manuscript profile
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        565 - Demand Side Management in a Smart Micro-Grid in the Presence of Renewable Generation and Demand Response
        gholamreza aghajani Davar Mirabbasi Behrooz Alfi Hadi Seyyed Hatami
        In this study, a stochastic programming model is proposed to optimize the performance of a smart micro-grid in a short term to minimize operating costs and emissions with renewable sources. In order to achieve an accurate model, the use of a probability density function More
        In this study, a stochastic programming model is proposed to optimize the performance of a smart micro-grid in a short term to minimize operating costs and emissions with renewable sources. In order to achieve an accurate model, the use of a probability density function to predict the wind speed and solar irradiance is proposed. On the other hand, in order to resolve the power produced from the wind and the solar renewable uncertainty of sources, the use of demand response programs with the participation of residential, commercial and industrial consumers is proposed. In this paper, we recommend the use of incentive-based payments as price offer packages in order to implement demand response programs. Results of the simulation are considered in three different cases for the optimization of operational costs and emissions with/without the involvement of demand response. The multi-objective particle swarm optimization method is utilized to solve this problem. In order to validate the proposed model, it is employed on a sample smart micro-grid, and the obtained numerical results clearly indicate the impact of demand side management on reducing the effect of uncertainty induced by the predicted power generation using wind turbines and solar cells. Manuscript profile
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        566 - Electricity and Gas Networks Expansion Planning Considering Different Energy Consumption
        Alireza Dehshiri-Badi Vahid Amir Seyed Mohammad Shariatmadar
        This paper presents the generation and transmission expansion planning (GTEP) in electricity and gas networks. These networks supply electricity, heat, and gas consumption energies. Scheme minimizes the generation and transmission planning cost (total investment cost an More
        This paper presents the generation and transmission expansion planning (GTEP) in electricity and gas networks. These networks supply electricity, heat, and gas consumption energies. Scheme minimizes the generation and transmission planning cost (total investment cost and expected operating cost). It is constrained to the investment budget and the planning model of the mentioned elements, the power flow equations of electricity and gas networks, the operation limits of the networks, and the limitation on generation capability. In the following, a linear approximation model considering quadratically objective function is obtained. Furthermore, stochastic optimization is adopted to model the uncertainty of load and renewable power. In this model, the concurrent consideration of electrical and gas networks with regard to fulfilments of simultaneous electrical-gas-thermal consumers is considered as a novel model into the model. Finally, the extracted numerical results confirm the capability of the proposed scheme in improving the operation and economic of the mentioned networks using optimal generation and transmission planning. Manuscript profile
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        567 - Effect of Corona Virus on Electricity Consumption in Iran and the World
        Kimia Otoufat shamsi Soha Ghane Rojin Ghaemmaghami Helia Hedayati Ashkan Abdalisousan
        Coronavirus outbreak, in addition to threatening the health of communities, has also affected on economic and industrial activities in such a way that the epidemic dimensions of the disease are not comparable to previous crises, so it is necessary to address the effects More
        Coronavirus outbreak, in addition to threatening the health of communities, has also affected on economic and industrial activities in such a way that the epidemic dimensions of the disease are not comparable to previous crises, so it is necessary to address the effects of this issue on various areas such as electricity, which is the infrastructure of the economic artery. If sustainable changes are observed, solutions should be provided to deal with its effects. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effects of Corona on electricity consumption in some countries of the world especially in Iran.In the following, the impact of Corona on the electricity industry and specifically on the electricity consumption in Iran and the other affected countries has been studied. The study of the impact of corona on the world as a whole shows a decrease of about 15% in electricity demand during the short-term corona outbreak, and this value varies from country to country. The relative decrease in electricity demand of the under studied countries has occurred in short term, but with the continued prevalence of the corona and the removal of some restrictions, electricity consumption has almost returned to pre-corona levels. It is worth to mention that at the time of writing this article, the corona pandemic still continues. Manuscript profile
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        568 - Control of Indoor Environmental Conditions Based on the Model and Use of Predictive Control Method
        AmirReza Alizadeh Seyed Mohamad Kargar
        In this paper, a model predictive control approach is presented to regulate indoor temperature. In recent years, the highest energy consumption in buildings is related to heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. Therefore, the control of heating, ventilation, More
        In this paper, a model predictive control approach is presented to regulate indoor temperature. In recent years, the highest energy consumption in buildings is related to heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. Therefore, the control of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in buildings has been taken into consideration to reduce energy consumption. At first, a construction model is designed in the Energy-plus software, then all input and output data is collected from this software to identify the state-space model. Then the Model-based predictive control algorithm is applied to control the indoor building temperature. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. Firstly, the data used in the system identification section is based on the assumption that the rooms are not isolated. There is a temperature relationship between the rooms, which provides a more realistic model of the system. Secondly, the external ambient temperature is considered as a disturbance, and its effect on controller design has been investigated. The simulation results for 24 hours show the good performance of the model predictive control approach over the optimal control method along with reducing energy consumption while maintaining the optimal temperature conditions. Manuscript profile
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        569 - A Routing Method for Tracking a Moving Target with a Reduced Energy Consumption Approach
        Maryam Hasanhoseini Farhad Mesrinejad Homayoun Mahdavi-Nasab
        Nowadays, the wireless sensor network (WSN) is used in many different fields and applications. Enemy tracking and wildlife habitats monitoring are the examples of target tracking by using of large number of sensor nodes. The main idea in this area is to find some usable More
        Nowadays, the wireless sensor network (WSN) is used in many different fields and applications. Enemy tracking and wildlife habitats monitoring are the examples of target tracking by using of large number of sensor nodes. The main idea in this area is to find some usable target information such as location, speed and movement direction of the target because they must be available any time. By the way, the sensor nodes in sensor network model have a severe energy limit and cannot be recharged simply. In this paper, an efficient algorithm abbreviated EAASA is presented in order to reduce energy consumption while maintaining the quality of target tracking. The simulation results are compared to the AASA (cluster-based target tracking algorithm) algorithm and show that the proposed algorithm has been able to reduce energy consumption significantly while maintaining tracking quality. This method has increased the life time of the network and reduced the rate of loss of the target. Manuscript profile
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        570 - Designing and Optimization of Plasmonic Modulator Structure Based on the Active Materials of ITO and Graphene
        Abbas Eslami Mojtaba Sadeghi Zahra Adelpour
        In the last decade, optical integrated circuits, including modulators, have made significant progress in optical communications, imaging, and sensors. Among the active materials used in modulators, graphene and indium tin oxide (ITO) are some of the suitable options amo More
        In the last decade, optical integrated circuits, including modulators, have made significant progress in optical communications, imaging, and sensors. Among the active materials used in modulators, graphene and indium tin oxide (ITO) are some of the suitable options among the active materials for modulation action due to their epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) characteristics, speed, and considerable response. In this paper, by applying direct coupling of light, the structure of plasmonic modulator in three-dimensional mode has been designed. And by changing the thickness of ITO, HfO2 (hafnium oxide) layers and waveguide width, the structure is optimized. Optimization thickness of 3 nm for ITO, 5nm for HfO2 and 280nm for waveguide width is achieved. The results of three-dimensional simulations of this paper with appropriate coupling show that the insertion loss (IL) of three-dimensional mode have not changed and the extinction ratio (ER) of the modulator has been slightly reduced in comparison with two-dimensional mode .On the other hand, appropriate and optimal coupling has no effect on energy consumption.Three-dimensional results show that the proposed plasmonic modulator can achieve an extinction ratio of 13.9 dB, an insertion loss of 2.9 dB, modulation speed of 140.9 GHz and a very low power consumption of 1.51 fj/bit for a 1&micro;m length of the modulator, at 0.5 V voltage and a wavelength of 1.55 &micro;m. Our design demonstrates a considerable reduction in energy consumption and improvement in extinction ratio compared to previous works. Also, for a 2 &micro;m length of the modulator, an extinction ratio of 27.76 dB, an insertion loss of 5.68 dB, modulation speed of 70.14 GHz and power consumption of 2.88 fj/bit is achieved. Manuscript profile
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        571 - Design and Simulation of Ultra-Low-Power Sigma-Delta Converter Using the Fully Differential Inverter-Based Amplifier for Digital Hearing Aids Application
        Shima Alizadeh Zanjani Abumoslem Jannesari Pooya Torkzadeh
        In this paper, an ultra-low-power, second-order, discrete-time sigma-delta converter is proposed for hearing aids application. In portable biomedical devices such as hearing aids that permanently use, the battery lifetime and power dissipation are very considerable. In More
        In this paper, an ultra-low-power, second-order, discrete-time sigma-delta converter is proposed for hearing aids application. In portable biomedical devices such as hearing aids that permanently use, the battery lifetime and power dissipation are very considerable. In a typical delta-sigma modulator, the OTAs are the most power-consuming parts. The OTAs elimination in the converters is now challenging. Therefore the converter with a self-biased fully differential inverter-based amplifier was designed with only 1.15 &micro;w static power dissipation at a 1-volt power supply. The inverter-based amplifier was used instead of the OTAs in two stages of the modulator. The modulator&rsquo;s structure is CIFB, single-loop, and single bit. The proposed differential modulator was designed and simulated using a standard 180 nm CMOS technology, which obtained SFDR and SNDR of 95.2878 dB and 64.004 dB, respectively. The sampling frequency is considered 2.56 MHz, and the input signal bandwidth is 10kHz. The modulator consumes power just about 5.1091 &micro;W, and the FOMW achieves 0.197 pj/step. Manuscript profile
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        572 - Multi-Objective Optimization of Consumer's Profit and Distribution Transformer Aging Considering Electric Vehicles
        Hamirdreza Allafieh Hosein Mohammadnezhad Shourkaei Soodabeh Soleymani Morcheh Khorti
        The development of electric vehicles (EVs) will increase power transmitted through the distribution grid. Such an effect leads to accelerated aging in grid equipment, including pole-top distribution transformers. In the form of preventive and corrective measures, it is More
        The development of electric vehicles (EVs) will increase power transmitted through the distribution grid. Such an effect leads to accelerated aging in grid equipment, including pole-top distribution transformers. In the form of preventive and corrective measures, it is possible to centrally manage the charging operations of a group of electric vehicles connected to a specific pole-top transformer (through the distribution system operator or an independent aggregator). This paper presents a centralized model to co-optimize transformer loss-of-life with benefits for charging and discharging management of consumers' electric vehicles. The proposed model is compared to the decentralized model, in which EV owners optimize their benefits without considering the damages to the transformers. The centralized and decentralized strategies were applied to a small local grid with a maximum number of 6 EVs connected to a local pole-top transformer and implemented and solved using GAMS software. The results show the benefits of the centralized strategy in balancing the grid assets, while consumers' arbitrage benefits are slightly reduced. Manuscript profile
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        573 - The Electricity Consumption Prediction using Hybrid Red Kite Optimization Algorithm with Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network
        Jalal Raeisi-Gahruei Zahra Beheshti
        Since the electricity consumption&rsquo;s prediction is one of the most important aspects of energy manage&shy;ment in each country, various methods based on artificial intelligence have been proposed to manage it. One of these methods is Artificial Neural Networks (ANN More
        Since the electricity consumption&rsquo;s prediction is one of the most important aspects of energy manage&shy;ment in each country, various methods based on artificial intelligence have been proposed to manage it. One of these methods is Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). To improve the performance of ANNs, an efficient algorithm is necessary to train it. Back Propagation (BP) algorithm is the most common algorithm employed in training ANNs, which is based on gradient descent. Since BP may fall in local optima, it cannot provide a good solution in some problems. To overcome this shortcoming, optimiz&shy;ation algorithms like meta-heuristic algorithms can be applied to train ANNs. In this study, a new meta-heuristic algorithm called Red Kite Optimization Algorithm (ROA) is introduced, which is inspired by the social life of red kites in nature. The ROA has several advantages such as simplicity in structure and implementation, having few parameters and good convergence rate. The perfprmance of ROA is compared with some recent metaheuristic algorithms on benchmark functions of CEC2018. Also, it is employed to train Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) for the electricity consumption prediction at peak load times in Iran. The results show the good performance of proposed algorithm compared with competitor algorithms in terms of solution accuracy and convergence speed. Manuscript profile
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        574 - High-Performance Spintronic Based-Neuromorphic Computing System Enabled by Current Monitoring Peripheral Circuit
        Pegah Shafaghi Hooman Farkhani Mehdi Dolatshahi Homayoun Mahdavi-Nasab
        Implementation of neuromorphic computing systems (NCSs) using digital and analog circuits occup&shy;ies a high chip area and consumes high power. With the advancement of nanotechnology, the hybrid Magnetic tunnel junction/Complementary metal&ndash;oxide&ndash;semiconduc More
        Implementation of neuromorphic computing systems (NCSs) using digital and analog circuits occup&shy;ies a high chip area and consumes high power. With the advancement of nanotechnology, the hybrid Magnetic tunnel junction/Complementary metal&ndash;oxide&ndash;semiconductor (MTJ/CMOS) circuits have made it possible to implement NCSs with higher density and lower power consumption. However, still there is a gap between the performance of the human brain and NCSs. To mitigate this gap, it is essential to further decrease the energy consumption and the delay of the NCS. The high energy consumption of the MTJ-based NCS is mostly related to the high current needed to switch the MTJ state. Hence, some previous methods tried to perform real-time tracking of the MTJ state by monitoring its voltage and cutting off its current immediately after switching. However, due to the small voltage changes after switching, these methods suffer from a high-power consumption (they need power-hungry amplifiers). In this paper, a new method based on the tracking of MTJ current (instead of voltage) and terminating the MTJ current after switching is proposed. Due to the large changes in the MTJ current after switching (about 40%), there is no need to use an amplifier in the proposed circuit. Therefore, the conventional voltage-mode sensing circuit is replaced with the proposed circuit, to improve the energy efficiency, speed and delay of the NCS. In all state-of-the-art designs, the voltage changes on nodes across the MTJ (PL, FL or both of them) have been used to detect the MTJ switching. However, the proposed circuit detects the MTJ switching by properly sensing the MTJ current and terminates its current immediately. The simulation results in 65-nm CMOS technology confirm that the proposed technique improves the energy consumption and speed of the NCS by 49% and 2.1X compared with the typical NCS. Manuscript profile
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        575 - The semantics of the Qur'anic word "Baraka(h)": its derivatives and its changes until the revelation of the Holy Qur'an
        Vahid Safa
        "baraka(h)" is one of the key concepts in the Qur'an and the Bible, and it has a clear and frequent presence in the culture of Muslims and other people of the Book ('Ahl al-kitāb); however, due to the familiarity of this concept, we rarely pay attention to the depth of More
        "baraka(h)" is one of the key concepts in the Qur'an and the Bible, and it has a clear and frequent presence in the culture of Muslims and other people of the Book ('Ahl al-kitāb); however, due to the familiarity of this concept, we rarely pay attention to the depth of its meaning In this paper, we derive the meaning of this term from its earliest usage in the Afro-Asian and Semitic languages. After that we use the methods of historical linguistics, such as semantics and historical etymology to pursue the meaning of this term from Afroasiatic and Proto-Semitic to the Qur'anic-Arabic. With this study we can understand the meaning of this Qur'anic word and its derivatives in its cultural context more deeply. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        576 - انواع استعاره از دیدگاه عبدالقاهر و بلاغت دانان برجستۀ بعد از او: زمخشری،خطیب قزوینی و تفتازانی
        سید علی اکبر عباسپور
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        577 - شِعریٰ در قرآن کریم: رویکردی گفتمانی به مفهوم
        احمد پاکتچی
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        578 - The Impact of Gestalt Visual Principles on Consumer Perception in Digital Marketing
        Bahman Narouei Hossein Hakimpour Mehdi Mehdi Mahmoodzadeh Vashan Mohammad Mohammadi
        Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Gestalt visual principles on consumer perception in digital marketing. The research employed a descriptive survey method and had an applied purpose. It was conducted in 1402. The statistical population consi More
        Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Gestalt visual principles on consumer perception in digital marketing. The research employed a descriptive survey method and had an applied purpose. It was conducted in 1402. The statistical population consisted of customers of the digital marketing department of Choob Sang industrial furniture manufacturing company. The sample size was 384, selected through simple random sampling based on Morgan&#039;s table. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire, and analysis was performed using SmartPls4 and SPSS software at descriptive and inferential levels.The findings of this research indicate that the gestalt of the digital marketing platform is effective in shaping consumers&#039; visual perception through principles such as similarity, proximity, integration, continuity, appropriateness of role, and context. This effectiveness extends to all three components of the perception process: exposure, attention, and meaning creation, with meaning creation being the most influential component. The results suggest that incorporating Gestalt principles in design can optimize the digital marketing platform and enhance the effectiveness of visual elements in audience perception. This can be achieved by organizing visual content, creating graphic unity on pages, simplifying customer journey steps, increasing interaction, and ultimately improving consumer perception, visual ability, decision-making, and conversion rates in digital marketing. keywords: Gestalt, advertising effectiveness, consumer perception, digital marketing, visual perception Manuscript profile
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        579 - The effect of culture on luxury brand consumer behavior through the mediating role of consumer attitude (Case Study: Apple Brand)
        maryam Taghvaee Yazdi Pantea part
        Research has shown that the market for luxury goods has changed dramatically in recent decades, and today new goals are set for the import and export system of these goods. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of culture on consumer behavior of lu More
        Research has shown that the market for luxury goods has changed dramatically in recent decades, and today new goals are set for the import and export system of these goods. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of culture on consumer behavior of luxury brand through the mediating role of consumer attitude. The research was of applied type and descriptive-survey and correlational research. The statistical population was Apple brand customers. The statistical sample was considered to be 390 people using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size determination table. Sampling method was available. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire consisting of two parts based on a five-point Likert scale. Validity was confirmed by experts and reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha method (0. 0.941). Descriptive statistics methods were used to organize, summarize information, prepare tables, plot and describe the collected data. Inferential statistics used Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) tests, linear regression analysis, Watson camera test and analysis of variance. The results showed that consumer culture had a significant effect on luxury brand consumer behavior. Consumer culture had a significant effect on the consumer attitude of the luxury brand. Consumer attitude had a significant effect on luxury brand consumer behavior. Consumer attitudes mediated the impact of consumer culture on the consumer behavior of Apple's luxury brand. Manuscript profile
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        580 - The relationship between individual factors and willingness to purchase environmentally friendly products
        yasanallah pourashraf ata eslami abolfazl ferdowsi
        The purpose of this study was to investigating the relationship between individual factors and willingness to purchase environmentally friendly products with regard to the mediating role of environmental attitudes of customers. The present study is an applied one and a More
        The purpose of this study was to investigating the relationship between individual factors and willingness to purchase environmentally friendly products with regard to the mediating role of environmental attitudes of customers. The present study is an applied one and a descriptive-survey in terms of method. The statistical population of the study consists of all customers of Ard Kalaleh Company in Golestan province, with Indefinite number and the sample size of the research using Krejecie and Morgan table was 384 people, which was selected by simple random sampling method. Data collection in this study was field method and data collection tools were standard questionnaires. The reliability of the questionnaires was determined and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. Structural Equation Model using LISREL software was used to investigate the research hypotheses. The results of testing the research hypotheses showed that there is a significant relationship between individual factors of constomers and their desire to purchase environmentally friendly products with the mediating role of environmental attitudes. Manuscript profile
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        581 - Investigating electronic customer relationship management in marketing behaviors with regard to the mediating role of social responsibility in Golestan Gas Company
        Nezareh Kord parviz saeidi Roohalla Samiee Samereh Shojaee
        The pupoose of this research is to investigate the relationship management with electronic customer in marketing behaviors regarding the mediating role of social responsibility. Delphi analysis has been used to measure electronic customer in marketing relationship manag More
        The pupoose of this research is to investigate the relationship management with electronic customer in marketing behaviors regarding the mediating role of social responsibility. Delphi analysis has been used to measure electronic customer in marketing relationship management and marketing behaviors. The statistical sample in this section includes; there are 22 academic, organizational and experimental experts who were selected using the snowball technigue. Based on the results, the constituent elements of electronic Customer Management include six dimesions; Communication factors, electronic factors, technological factors, Management factors, information factors and Stimulating factors. Also marketing behaviors include four dimensions; Marketing factors, behavioral factors, organizational factors and environmental factors. Next, 108 questionnaires that were answered by the deputies, experts and employees of Golestan Gas Compani were analyzed and the results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between electronic customer relationship management and marketing behaviors. Also, social responsibility has a mediating role in the relationship between electronic customer relationship management and Marketing behaviors. Manuscript profile
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        582 - Identifying fanatical consumers’ mental models toward luxurious brands
        Ramin Bagheri مهدی نعیمی نظام آباد Abdolaziz Pagheh
        The objective of this research is to identify the fanatical consumers&rsquo; mental model toward luxurious brands. The present research is the exploratory mixed method and is conducted through Q methodology. The statistical population of this research is the consumers o More
        The objective of this research is to identify the fanatical consumers&rsquo; mental model toward luxurious brands. The present research is the exploratory mixed method and is conducted through Q methodology. The statistical population of this research is the consumers of luxurious designer watches. Statistical samples will be questioned adequately and meaningfully based on theoretical saturation and six experts dominant on this issue will be interviewed and 38 fanatical customers of luxury watch brands in Gorgan have been selected to order purposive sampling method. Factor analysis was done through SPSS software, and as a result, the fanatical consumers&rsquo; mental model consists of four types of devoted, deceitful, pleasure seeking and dysfunctional, which totally explained about 79 percent of total variance of the opinions. The devoted fanatical consumers were the dominant pattern of this research. Finally, some practical suggestions have been offered for each of these mental models to be used by owners of luxurious brands. Manuscript profile
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        583 - Providing of customer attraction model in digital marketing based on visual stimuli with a classical Grounded Theory (GT) Approach
        Bahman Narouei Hossein Hakimpour Mehdi Mehdi Mahmoodzadeh Vashan Mohammad Mohammadi
        Consumers' desire to check products is one of the challenges facing leading companies in digital marketing that they are trying to solve. Visual features in the presentation of products are the most apparent leverage in this direction. Therefore, this qualitative study More
        Consumers' desire to check products is one of the challenges facing leading companies in digital marketing that they are trying to solve. Visual features in the presentation of products are the most apparent leverage in this direction. Therefore, this qualitative study was conducted to determine which components and factors most effectively attract customers in digital marketing through visual stimuli.methodology: A Glaserian or Emergent approach methodology in grounded theory was employed to achieve the objectives. Data collected from 14 experts, concepts, and components in the interview were extracted until theoretical saturation was reached. A purposeful sampling method was used to select these experts.findings: Using MAXQDA software to analyze the fundamental and theoretical coding process, 465 open codes, 53 sub-components, and 15 principal components were identified in 6 categories. Based on the concepts conclusion: extracted from this study, the final model was developed around the central phenomenon of visual stimuli in digital marketing. According to the classical approach, these six cases are known as Glazer's 6 Cs. This study aimed to identify novel angles on how visual stimuli can be used in digital marketing. Moreover, it introduced a model of customer attraction based on visual stimuli in digital marketing. He has also filled in some gaps regarding the subject. Manuscript profile
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        584 - A review of research in the study of ethical consumption
        مهدی نعیمی نظام آباد Hossein Vazifehdust
        In recent years, various formsof ethical consumption have received much attention in popular Media, and researches reported increased consumer interest in buying ethical products. Authors have presented different models in the field of ethical decision making. Hunt and More
        In recent years, various formsof ethical consumption have received much attention in popular Media, and researches reported increased consumer interest in buying ethical products. Authors have presented different models in the field of ethical decision making. Hunt and vitell model is one of the famous and dominant models. While some research have sought to model consumer ethical decision-making, others are seeking to understand the concept of consumer identity through ethical consumption discourses. A number of studies have also used the theory of planned behavior as a framework for examining consumer ethical decision-making. Most research on ethical consumption has been conducted in developed countries. However, in Northern Europe, where environmental concerns have been prominent, there has been a stream of studies on pro-environmental consumption. According to the research, the study of ethical consumption in the context of developing countries is of great importance and necessity, because most of the theories in this area have been confirmed in developed western societies and therefore have little generalizability for eastern cultures. Future research should focus on the four important areas of examining the micro-cultural contexts, examining the diverse narratives of ethical consumers and the ethical principles of the consumer in the self-ethical construction, determining the factors affecting the dynamics of ethical consumption discourses over time, and comparing diverse ethical consumption discourses related to different cultures. Manuscript profile
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        585 - Determining the role of brand on the relationship between consumer culture and word-of-mouth advertising
        Fereydoun Omidi
        The purpose of this research is to determine the role of brand on the relationship between consumer culture and word-of-mouth advertising. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of survey type. The method of data collection was a su More
        The purpose of this research is to determine the role of brand on the relationship between consumer culture and word-of-mouth advertising. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of survey type. The method of data collection was a survey and using a questionnaire tool, whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The collection of information is library and field, and for this purpose, a standard questionnaire was used to measure the variables. The statistical population of the research was the customers of medium and large stores in Khuzestan province, on the basis of which, a sample of 384 customers was obtained, including the indefinite population and according to Cochran's formula. The structural equation model has also been used to analyze the research data. The results obtained from the research showed that consumer culture has an effect on word-of-mouth advertising in medium and large stores. Consumer culture has an effect on the brand of medium and large stores. Brand influences the relationship between consumer culture and word-of-mouth advertising in medium and large stores. Manuscript profile
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        586 - ارزیابی عصاره جلبک دریایی آسکوفیلوم نودوسوم در بهبود شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی پرکاربردترین ارقام گیاه عدس در استان خوزستان
        راهله احمدپور نظام آرمند
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        587 - برهم کنش عصاره جلبک دریایی (Ascophyllum nodosum) و تنش خشکی بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی(Lycopersicon sculentum L.)
        راهله احمدپور فرنوش محمدی نظام آرمند
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        588 - ارزیابی مهمترین پارامترهای جوانه زنی بذر نخود (رقم آزاد) تحت تاثیر عصاره ورمی کمپوست و تنش خشکی
        راهله احمدپور محمد وهاب نژاد
        10.30495/jsr.2022.1934527.1215
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        589 - اثر پیش تیمار زیستی بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی عدس (Lens culinaris Medik) در دماهای مختلف
        راهله احمدپور پرتو نصیری سعید رضا حسین زاده نظام آرمند
        10.30495/jsr.2022.1945811.1227
        Manuscript profile
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        590 - Efficiency of Preventing Short Message Service on Students Attitudes and Self-Efficiency towards Drug Abuse
        Daruosh Jalali
        The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency of preventing short message service (SMS) method with the teaching method using informative pamphlet on high school students' attitude and self-efficiency towards drug abuse. The research was a semi- experimental one wh More
        The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency of preventing short message service (SMS) method with the teaching method using informative pamphlet on high school students' attitude and self-efficiency towards drug abuse. The research was a semi- experimental one which was done by pretest &ndash; posttest with three months follow up with control group. Statistical population included 22000 male, high- school students of Shar-e-Kord in 2010. The sample consisted of 138 students who were randomly selected using multi- stage sampling, and divided into three groups (two experimental groups and one control groups). Both experimental and control groups completed the Attitude Toward Drug Abuse Inventory (Ghorbani, 2001) and Self - Efficiency Inventory (Scheerer et al., 1998) during pretest, posttest and follow up phases. While the first experimental group received preventive short messages for 45 days, the second experimental group received information about disadvantages of drug abuse by informative pamphlet in 45 days. The results of the analysis of MANCOVA revealed that the preventive methods on changing attitude and improving self- efficiency about drug abuse were effective (P &gt; 0/05). However the effect of SMS method was more than that of the pamphlet method. The follow-up results indicated that the effect of SMS method was permanent, while the effect of pamphlet method was not (P &gt; 0/05). Manuscript profile
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        591 - Detection of staphylococcus areus and salmonella typimurium in traditional and industrial olivie salads in shahrekord city
        فروغ تاج بخش Elaheh Tajbakhsh manouchehr Moumeni
        Ready to eat foods, food products are moved through some kind of process and can be eaten without heat treatment. In this study, 50 samples of Olivier salad (30 industrial and 20 traditional) in Shahrekord, were tested for detection of Salmonella typimuriumand Staphyloc More
        Ready to eat foods, food products are moved through some kind of process and can be eaten without heat treatment. In this study, 50 samples of Olivier salad (30 industrial and 20 traditional) in Shahrekord, were tested for detection of Salmonella typimuriumand Staphylococcus aureus by microbiological and molecular methods. Contamination of S. aureus and S. typhimurium was found in 46% and 34.8% of the industrial and traditional samples, respectively. Contamination of S. aureus in industrial Olivier salad was found to be 65.2% and in traditional Olivier salad was 34.8%.&nbsp; Contamination of Salmonella typhimuriumwas 55.6 and 44.4% in industrial and traditional olivier salad. Olivier salad's production process is manually and it is possible to be contaminated by machine and human. The ingredients may be kept under inappropriate temperature conditions for a long time.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        592 - Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance Pattern, and Frequency of Enterotoxin Coding Genes in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Isolated from Some Ready-to-Eat Foods
        Manouchehr Momeni shahraki S. Siavash Saei-Dehkordi Zahra Hemati
        10.30495/jfm.2023.1989912.1824
        Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a significant pathogen to induce food poisoning in humans. This bacterium possesses the ability to produce heat-resistant enterotoxins. This investigation examined the prevalence, antibiotic resistance pa More
        Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a significant pathogen to induce food poisoning in humans. This bacterium possesses the ability to produce heat-resistant enterotoxins. This investigation examined the prevalence, antibiotic resistance patterns, and frequency of enterotoxin coding genes in MRSAisolates obtained from ready-to-eat foods. One hundred and twenty-five samples of ready-to-eat food were collected and transported to the laboratory on ice. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated using microbial culture, and MRSAisolates were confirmed using cefoxitin and oxacillin discs. The antibiotic resistance patterns and frequency of enterotoxin coding genes were determined through disc diffusion and PCR methods, respectively. The prevalence of MRSAwas 68.42%, 66.66%, 62.5%, and 28.57% in pounded kebab, grilled chicken, hamburger, and sausage samples, respectively. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibited the highest resistance to penicillin (100%), doxycycline (80.64%), tetracycline (77.41%), and erythromycin (70.96%). The isolates exhibited the lowest resistance against vancomycin and rifampin (22.58%). The prevalence of enterotoxin genes, SEA and SEG, was reported as 58.06% and 61.29%, respectively. The simultaneous presence of multiple enterotoxin coding genes and resistance to various antibiotics in MRSAstrains isolated from ready-to-eat food samples highlights a significant health concern within this food category. Preventing the indiscriminate use of antibiotics can mitigate the risk of methicillin-resistant enterotoxin-producing Staphylococcus aureus in ready-to-eat foods. Manuscript profile
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        593 - اثر مدت و میزان استفاده از پودر سیر بر رشد و میزان تیتر آنتی بادی علیه واکسن نیوکاسل و گامبرو در جوجه های گوشتی
        مهدی رئیسی سیدعلی اوسط حسینی علی آباد محمدباقر پاشا زانوسی امیر روفچایی
        مقدمه و هدف:&nbsp; به منظور کاهش عوارض جانبی آنتی بیوتیک های سنتتیک محرک رشد، استفاده از گیاهان دارویی به عنوان محرک های بالقوه رشد، توجه بسیاری را به خود جلب کرده است. در این مطالعه تأثیر گیاه سیر که از دیر باز به عنوان یک گیاه دارویی مورد استفاده بوده است بر عملکرد رش More
        مقدمه و هدف:&nbsp; به منظور کاهش عوارض جانبی آنتی بیوتیک های سنتتیک محرک رشد، استفاده از گیاهان دارویی به عنوان محرک های بالقوه رشد، توجه بسیاری را به خود جلب کرده است. در این مطالعه تأثیر گیاه سیر که از دیر باز به عنوان یک گیاه دارویی مورد استفاده بوده است بر عملکرد رشد و میزان تیتر آنتی بادی علیه واکسن نیوکاسل و گامبرو در جوجه های گوشتی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی تأثیر مدت و میزان استفاده از پودر سیر (Allium sativum L.) بر صفات مورد آزمایش در جوجه های گوشتی، آزمایشی با 240 قطعه جوجه گوشتی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به صورت فاکتوریل 4&acute;3 با دو عامل سطح مصرف پودر سیر در جیره (شامل: 0، 0/5، 1 و 3 درصد) و دوره زمانی مصرف (آغازین، پایانی و کل دوره) انجام شد. نتایج و بحث: مصرف پودر سیر در سطوح 1 و 3 درصد موجب افزایش معنی دار صفت وزن گردید(0/5&gt;p). دوره زمانی مصرف پودر سیر اثر معنی داری بر مصرف خوراک و افزایش وزن نداشت، اما در مجموع تیمارهایی که در دوره پایانی پرورش پودر سیر مصرف شدند، افزایش وزن بیشتری داشتند. پایین ترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی در پایان دوره پرورش مربوط به گروه های تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی 1 درصد پودر سیر بود که تفاوت معنی داری را با تیمارهای مصرف کننده 5/0 درصد پودر و سیر شاهد داشت (0/001&gt;p). نتایج تیتر آنتی بادی نیوکاسل در هیچ یک از مراحل نمونه گیری اختلاف معنی داری را بین تیمارهای آزمایشی نشان نداد. نتایج تیتر آنتی بادی گامبرو در 33 روزگی نشان داد که تیمارهای تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی 1 و 3 درصد پودر سیر دارای بالاترین تیتر آنتی بادی علیه واکسن گامبرو دربین گروه های آزمایشی بوده&nbsp;(0/001&gt;p) و در 42 روزگی نیز، تیتر آنتی بادی پرندگان مورد آزمایش به طور معنی داری در تمام سطوح مصرف پودر سیر، نسبت به شاهد بیشتر بود (0/001&gt;p). دوره های زمانی مصرف پودر سیر هیچ اثر معنی داری بر تیتر آنتی بادی نیوکاسل و گامبرو بین تیمارهای آزمایشی نداشت.&nbsp; به طور کلی نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که استفاده از سطوح 1 و 3 درصد پودر سیر در دوره زمانی مصرف، سبب بهبود عملکرد رشد و تیتر آنتی بادی بر علیه واکسن گامبرو در جوجه های گوشتی شده است. توصیه کاربردی-صنعتی: &nbsp;با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق، پودر سیر به دلیل وجود خواص ضد باکتریایی ترکیب آلیسین و سایر ترکیبات موجود در آن، می تواند تأثیر مثبتی بر عملکرد رشد و سیستم ایمنی جوجه های گوشتی داشته باشد، لذا استفاده از آن به&nbsp; جهت تولید محصول سالم و ارگانیک توصیه می شود. Manuscript profile
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        594 - The Causes of the Defeat of the Muslim Brotherhood in Establishing a Durable Government in Egypt
        Seyed Hassan Malaekeh Seyed Mohammad Amin Hoseini
        Abstract One of the important Islamic movements which have had tremendous impact on Egypt and few other Islamic countries is &ldquo;Muslim Brotherhood&rdquo;. This organization was formed when Egypt was in a critical situation from the viewpoint of political, economic a More
        Abstract One of the important Islamic movements which have had tremendous impact on Egypt and few other Islamic countries is &ldquo;Muslim Brotherhood&rdquo;. This organization was formed when Egypt was in a critical situation from the viewpoint of political, economic and religious conditions. Muslim Brotherhood on the one hand tried to revive the prevalence of Islamic teachings and on the other hand tried to change Islamic beliefs from stagnation and inactivity to dynamism and liveliness. With the emergence of Arab Spring movement which started with overthrow of Ben Ali in Tunisia, the movement spread to Egypt and Muslim Brotherhood did not succeed in establishing a stable and sustainable government. The present article by a descriptive analytical method and by the help of historical facts wants to examine the causes of failure of Muslim Brotherhood in establishing a stable government. The finding of the research shows that the causes of failure of them lie in internal factors like the destructive role of the army, the influence of secular forces, distancing of Al-Azhar from Morsi government and the external factors like interference of the United States and Saudi Arabia on the one hand and Turkey and Qatar on the other hand. Manuscript profile
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        595 - The failure of Egypt’s Rulers in Political and Economic Development on the Basis of Authoritarian Bureaucratic and Dependent Development Model (1980-2011)
        Mohammad Kazem Kaveh Pishghadam
        The cause of recent revolution in Egypt is examined from different viewpoints. The present article studies the development model used in Egypt in the past thirty years. It first explains the authoritarian bureaucratic theoretical framework and then it adjusts these feat More
        The cause of recent revolution in Egypt is examined from different viewpoints. The present article studies the development model used in Egypt in the past thirty years. It first explains the authoritarian bureaucratic theoretical framework and then it adjusts these features with the structure of political economy of Egypt during Mubarak and it comes to the conclusion that the model used for political and social development of Egypt had been unsuccessful and the failure of such method has led to crisis and recent revolution in Egypt. The theoretical framework of the study is based on comparative model and Guillermo O'Donnell method and dependent development on the basis of Evans Manuscript profile
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        596 - A Study of Historical Impact of Egyptian Army on Domestic Politics (with Emphasis on 2011-3013 Period)
        Mohammad Reza Hatami
        The army and its role in political development is one of the important ways to understand political behavior a country. In Egypt from the time of coming to power of Free Officers in the year 1952, the military officers have continuously ruled this country. Army as a pow More
        The army and its role in political development is one of the important ways to understand political behavior a country. In Egypt from the time of coming to power of Free Officers in the year 1952, the military officers have continuously ruled this country. Army as a powerful organ controls military power as well as major economic resources and now it is at the head of government and plays an important role in the political scene of Egypt. The present paper by following these developments raises this question that what has been the impact of Egyptian army in historical context of Egypt on domestic politics of the country. The paper concludes that the army from the year 1952 till recent political developments, despite having different behavior and varied role is a strong institution in domestic political scene of Egypt. Therefore, the paper focuses on the role of army in domestic equation and the consequences of the increasing power and role of military in domestic politics. The paper after examining the present developments of Egypt gives its findings. The method used in the paper is descriptiveanalytical. Manuscript profile
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        597 - The Public Diplomacy of America vis-à-vis Egypt’s Developments
        Gholamreza Karimi Hosseinali Toti Syed Mohammad Reza Mosavi
        Abstract The recent wave of developments in the Middle East gave a new place to public diplomacy and soft power in regional diplomacy of the United States and on this basis the structural engineering of Egypt in cultural, social, political and economic aspects was put More
        Abstract The recent wave of developments in the Middle East gave a new place to public diplomacy and soft power in regional diplomacy of the United States and on this basis the structural engineering of Egypt in cultural, social, political and economic aspects was put on the agenda by the American strategist. The present paper by raising this question as to &ldquo;what has been the public diplomacy of the United States vis-&agrave;-vis Egypt revolutionary development after Mubarak till ouster of Morsi?&rdquo; comes to this conclusion that with the occurrence of recent developments and challenges put to the United States diplomacy machinery, the United States initially tried to take the help of public diplomacy to improve the public opinion of people of Egypt&nbsp; towards herself and keep Hosni Mubarak on its place but with the overthrow of Mubarak, the United States by the help of public diplomacy wanted to direct the future developments of Egypt in a direction that she be able to keep her dominance on groups who are supporter of America&nbsp; and neutral groups. In the next phase after the dismissal of Morsi the United States for managing the crisis of Islamic awakening of people of Egypt put the programme of &ldquo;public opinion engineering&rdquo; on the agenda. Manuscript profile
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        598 - The Role of Cyber Social Network in Egyptian Revolution
        Morteza Noormohammadi Roghayeh Mohammadi
        One of the important newly emerged phenomenon in cyberspace which provides the possibility of cyber association is cyber social networks which are considered as a dynamic force in social and political changes in society. Within this context the political and social chan More
        One of the important newly emerged phenomenon in cyberspace which provides the possibility of cyber association is cyber social networks which are considered as a dynamic force in social and political changes in society. Within this context the political and social changes which took place is a major part of the Middle East and North Africa especially in Egypt raises significant questions about the role of technology and the new structure of media in contemporary political movements. Taking into consideration the importance of cyber social network in social and political developments of the societies; the paper brings up a question that what role did the cyber social network played in Egypt&rsquo;s revolution. The underlying hypothesis is that the social networks by facilitating and speeding up the communication among the protesters, coordinating, formulating the programmes, shaping and orienting the gatherings of the protesters played an accelerating role in Egyptian revolution. Manuscript profile
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        599 - The Right of Religious Minorities in Constitution of Iran, Egypt and Iraq
        Hojatolah Ebrahimian
        The presence of religious minorities and the kind of interaction of governments with them who are considered as one kind of the minorities is a point of attention for the governments from the old times. Iran, Egypt and Iraq have important place due to their long history More
        The presence of religious minorities and the kind of interaction of governments with them who are considered as one kind of the minorities is a point of attention for the governments from the old times. Iran, Egypt and Iraq have important place due to their long history of existence. The presence of religious minorities in these three countries and study of their rights have attracted the attention of observers in the past and present. In Iran Zoroastrian, Jews and Christians are considered as religious minorities (article 13 of the constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran). In Egypt despite the presence of religious minorities like Shiites, Coptic Christians and Jews there is no mentioning of the name of any specific minorities in the constitution but article 40 of the constitution emphasizes that all Egyptian citizens without consideration of religion enjoy the general rights. In article two of the Iraqi constitution the religious minorities like Christians, Yezidis and Mandaeans Saebies are recognized. It is possible that the religious minorities in these three countries might enjoy special rights in their own political community but the present article focuses only on general rights of the religious minorities in these three countries with emphasis on civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. The comparative study of the constitution of these three countries in respect of general rights of religious minorities one can come to know about the commonalities and the distinctions of the rights of minorities in these three countries. Manuscript profile
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        600 - An Analysis of the Internal Grounds of Egyptian Revolution
        Ali Mohammadian
        Egypt is one of the important and influential countries among the Arab and Middle East countries which has witnessed an extensive and popular revolution between 25th January till 11 February 2011. This revolution forced Hosni Mubarak, a president who ruled for thirty ye More
        Egypt is one of the important and influential countries among the Arab and Middle East countries which has witnessed an extensive and popular revolution between 25th January till 11 February 2011. This revolution forced Hosni Mubarak, a president who ruled for thirty years to resign from power. The aim of the present article is analyzing the internal grounds of Egyptian revolution in 2011. The main question of the present article is to find out the reasons and motivations of the people's extensive participation and revolt against Hosni Mubarak government. The article by a descriptive-analytical method comes to a conclusion that economic, political and social deprivation as compared to other factors can explain the causes and motivation of revolutionary forces in 25th January 2011 revolution. On this basis variables like economic deprivation among the lower classes, political deprivation among the middle classes, political elite, parties and opposition groups and social deprivation among other layers of the society led to public discontentment and later revolution against political structure of Egypt. Manuscript profile
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        601 - The Strategy of the United States vis-à-vis the Developments of the Middle East and North Africa: Egypt and Strategic Mistake
        Bashir Esmaeili Behroz Mokhtari Somayeh Malek Jamshidi Khane Zeniani
        The unexpected developments in the Middle East which occurred in 2011 have attracted the attention of many experts. The long standing dictatorships of the region were caught in the domino of crisis. Some faced regime change; others faced widespread unrest or civil war. More
        The unexpected developments in the Middle East which occurred in 2011 have attracted the attention of many experts. The long standing dictatorships of the region were caught in the domino of crisis. Some faced regime change; others faced widespread unrest or civil war. These developments took place at a time that few years ago during George Bush junior presidency in the United States of America, a plan was introduced with the name of &ldquo;the Greater Middle East&rdquo; which envisaged mechanism for political changes in the region. On the basis of this plan the inefficient governments of the Middle East which generally have undemocratic political system and are deeply affected by corruption and mismanagement at all levels will eventually create dangerous crises for the region. In fact the chaotic situation of some of the countries of the Middle East region not only lead to widespread migration of people to Western countries but in the long run result into growth and formation extremist anti-West groups. Therefore, it is better that democratic model of government substitute the existing form of government and the Western countries should reconsider their support for the dictators of the region. The present article by a descriptive-analytical method wants to study the United States foreign policy vis-&agrave;-vis the Middle East and North Africa developments particularly Egypt (as an important actor of the region) within the framework of the greater Middle East plan. The underlying hypothesis is that the United States policy in connection with Egypt conforms to broad framework of the Greater Middle East plan, although the Egypt&rsquo;s later developments after the fall of Mubarak which led to coming to power of Muslim Brotherhood was contrary to the United States&rsquo; objectives. Manuscript profile
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        602 - Urbanization and consumption of alcoholic beverages ((Case study, male citizens aged 19-24 in Bardsir
        آمنه فیروزآبادی
        Today, cities face many problems and issues. Consumption of alcohol as a social issue in all urban communities and due to its ban in Iran can raise this issue as a social issue. On the other hand, the decrease in the age of consumption tends to introduce the young strat More
        Today, cities face many problems and issues. Consumption of alcohol as a social issue in all urban communities and due to its ban in Iran can raise this issue as a social issue. On the other hand, the decrease in the age of consumption tends to introduce the young strata of society as a group at risk. The purpose of this study is to study urbanization and alcohol consumption (case study, 19-24 year old male citizens of Bardsir). The research method is descriptive-correlational, the statistical population includes male citizens aged 14 to 29 years old living in Bardsir, whose number was 4000 people. According to Cochran&#039;s formula, the sample size was 350 people. The sampling method is simple random sampling. Data were collected using the standard questionnaire of alcohol consumption tendency of Fishbine, Eisen and Allport and a researcher-made questionnaire of factors affecting the tendency of male citizens to consume alcohol, and descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the data. Analyzed with SPSS software version 20 and AMOS, the results showed that: between individual, psychological, family, social, economic factors, structural management factors, cultural factors and the tendency of young boys aged 14 to 29 years to consume Alcohol in Bardsir is significant and negative. That is, by strengthening individual, psychological, family, social, economic, managerial and cultural structures, the tendency of Bardsir youth to consume alcohol is reduced Manuscript profile
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        603 - Investigating Social Factors Affecting Business-related Values Orientation among Isfahan Marketers
        Hassan Saghafian منصور حقیقتیان شاپور بهیان
        Abstract This study investigates the social factors affecting business-related values orientation among marketers in Isfahan. Based on the theoretical framework and empirical research conducted in this field, five social factors have been selected as the main variables More
        Abstract This study investigates the social factors affecting business-related values orientation among marketers in Isfahan. Based on the theoretical framework and empirical research conducted in this field, five social factors have been selected as the main variables and their impact on business-related value orientation has been investigated. These include professional commitment, generational affiliation, work culture, media consumption, and social economic base. The research method of this study is &quot;survey&quot; type and the statistical population of this research is all those who are active in Isfahan city. The sample size was 524 Isfahan marketers who were selected using multistage cluster sampling. The findings showed that the independent variables studied in this study account for 32% of the variance of business value variables. Given the magnitude of the effect, the coefficient of determination of this value is estimated to be large. In other words, independent variables of the research are capable of explaining the variance of the value orientation of the business-related variable. The results of the independent variables individually indicate that only the effect of professional commitment variable on business orientation of value orientation is significant and the effect of other variables is not significant. Manuscript profile
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        604 - Typology of women's consumption behavior in the masons of Yazd
        manouchehr alinejad محمدرضا حسینی Fatemeh Molaei
        Consumption fever has spread to cities and people are trying to gain status and social status for themselves by consuming goods. Women use clothes to send messages about their identity to others, shopping malls such as mezons are one of the main spaces for the consumpti More
        Consumption fever has spread to cities and people are trying to gain status and social status for themselves by consuming goods. Women use clothes to send messages about their identity to others, shopping malls such as mezons are one of the main spaces for the consumption of signs and styles. The purpose of this study is to understand and interpret the patterns of consumption behavior of women in the masons of Yazd. The research method is qualitative and has been implemented with a thematic analysis strategy. The data collection method was semi-structured interview. The sample size was 30 women living in Yazd who were selected by purposive sampling. In order to analyze the data, the content analysis technique has been used. After analyzing the interviews and analyzing them, the research findings emerged in the form of four types, which are: 1- Believable consumption behavior 2- Transformation in important others 3- Dramatic consumption behavior 4- Confidence hegemony. The results showed that the consumption values of this group are significantly more complex. The emergence of a culture of consumerism, eye contact and lifestyle changes has led to the spread of demonstrative, thoughtful and theatrical consumption types. Based on this, it can be predicted that the orientation of consumption culture among Yazidi women is towards the duality of consumption, which is believable and demonstrative, and negative indicators of consumption behaviors will be the predominant aspect of this behavior in the future. Manuscript profile
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        605 - A Sociological Analysis of Economical Actions and Values Effects on Consumption Behavior: Case Study of Isfahan citizens
        Amin Yousefvand Mahmud Moshfegh Meysam Mousaei Saeid Maadani
        10.30495/uss.2023.707499
        The main purpose of this study is to explain economical actions and values role and effects on consumption behavior pattern that is evaluated through three types of consumption, including: communicational consumption, passive consumption, and innovative consumption. The More
        The main purpose of this study is to explain economical actions and values role and effects on consumption behavior pattern that is evaluated through three types of consumption, including: communicational consumption, passive consumption, and innovative consumption. The research has been conducted on 370 people who were chosen through cluster sampling based on 15 districts of Isfahan using survey method. Results indicate that economical action and self reinforcement factors directly effect on consumption pattern behaviors and conversion tendency and conservation factors have indirect effect on consumption behavior pattern. Generally the results show that case study population is consumerist and their consumption has mostly been passive and then innovative in next phase. Therefore, consumption behavior pattern is a multi_dimentional issue that consists of individual, social and economical dimensions simultaneously while its individual and economical dimensions have been appeared more in case study sample. In the end some suggestions were presented in micro and macro level for policy making in this field. Manuscript profile
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        606 - .
        محسن نیازی مریم روحی
        Manuscript profile
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        607 - Urbanization and consumption of alcoholic beverages (Case of study: male citizens aged 19-24 in Bardsir)
        Ameneh Firoozabadi
        10.30495/uss.2021.689600
        Today, cities face many problems and issues. Consumption of alcohol is a social problem in all urban communities and due to the fact that it is prohibited in Iran, its consumption mkes it into a social problem. On the other hand, the decrease in the age of consumption t More
        Today, cities face many problems and issues. Consumption of alcohol is a social problem in all urban communities and due to the fact that it is prohibited in Iran, its consumption mkes it into a social problem. On the other hand, the decrease in the age of consumption tends to introduce the young strata of society as a group at risk. The purpose of this study was to study urbanization and alcohol consumption among male youth of the city of Bardsir. The research method was descriptive-correlational, the research population included all male citizens aged 14 to 29 living in Bardsir of which, using Cochran's formula, 350 people were selected&nbsp; simple random sampling. Data were collected using the standard questionnaire of alcohol consumption of Fishbine, Eisen and Allport and a researcher-made questionnaire of factors affecting the tendency of male citizens to consume alcohol. The results showed that individual, psychological, family, social, economic factors, structural management factors, cultural factors were significantly and negatively related to the tendency of young boys aged 14 to 29 years to consume alcoholic beverages. That is, by strengthening individual, psychological, family, social, economic, managerial and cultural structures, the tendency of youth to consume alcohol can be reduced. Manuscript profile
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        608 - .
        اسدالله نقدی ثریا معمار maryam dastani
        .
        . Manuscript profile
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        609 - .
        میترا حبیبی فائزه بهنامی فرد
        .
        . Manuscript profile
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        610 - An analysis of social factors associated with business value orientation among traditional shopkeepers (bazari) of the city of Esfahan
        Hassan Saghafian Mansour Haghighatian Shapour Behyan
        10.30495/uss.2022.691075
        The present article provides an analysis of social factors associated with business value orientation among traditional shopkeepers (bazari) of the city of Esfahan. On the basis of theoretical framework and previous research, 5 social factors were identified as the main More
        The present article provides an analysis of social factors associated with business value orientation among traditional shopkeepers (bazari) of the city of Esfahan. On the basis of theoretical framework and previous research, 5 social factors were identified as the main independent variables and their influence on business value orientation of traditional shopkeepers was studied. These factors were professional obligation, generation obligation, work ethics, media usage, and socioeconomic status. The research method was survey and research population consisted of all those who had business activities in Esfahan. 524 of Esfahani bazaris were selected through a multi-step cluster sampling technique. The findings showed that all the independent variables could explain 32 percent of the variance in business value orientation. When independent variables were considered separately, it was found that only the variable professional obligation was significantly related to business value orientation.&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        611 - .
        مریم نوتاش gholamreza ghaffary شهلا کاظمی پور فرح ترکمان
        .
        . Manuscript profile
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        612 - The Relationship between Socio-cultural and economic factors and lifestyle of villages converted to cities in Iran (Case of study: New cities of Khaf and Roshtkhar counties in Khorasan Razavi state)
        علی اصغر مهاجرانی مهدی یوسف نیا
        Under the impact of urbanization, a variety of socio-cultural and economic factors influence to change people's lifestyle. Lifestyle preferences of people are demonstrated in their leisure activities, clothing, nutrition, body management, architecture and interior layou More
        Under the impact of urbanization, a variety of socio-cultural and economic factors influence to change people's lifestyle. Lifestyle preferences of people are demonstrated in their leisure activities, clothing, nutrition, body management, architecture and interior layout of their homes. This study aimed to examine impact of social, cultural and economic factors on the lifestyle of the inhabitants of the villages that have become as a city in Khorasan Razavi Province of khaf and Rushtkhvar. The theoretical framework of the study was based on the ideas of IbnKhaldun, Weber, Veblen, Simmel, Bourdieu, Giddens and Cheney. The research method utilized was survey and data gathering tool was a questionnaire. The research population consisted of all the residents of three centers in the provinces of Khaf and Roshtkhar in horasan Razavi state of which, using a quota sampling technique, 337 individuals were selected as the sample. The results showed that social participation (r=0.116), political and administrative organizations (r=0.013), transportations and communication network (r=0.030), the spirit of individualism (r=0.218), class identity (r=-0.006)' indirect and secondary relationships (r=0.083), (as social factors), cultural and educational facilities (r=0.019), media consumption (r=0.276) and cultural capital (r=0.043) (as cultural factors), and consumerism (r=0.229), shopping (r=0.007), inclination to speculate (r=0.038), the fading of mutual support (r=0.001) , and economic prosperity (r=0.128) (as economic factors) are significantly related to lifestyle. Manuscript profile
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        613 - Typology of women's consumption behavior in the brand stores (mezon) of Yazd
        Manoochehr Alinejad Mohammadreza Hoseini Fatemeh Molaei
        10.30495/uss.2022.699027
        Consumption fever has spread to cities and people are trying to gain status and social position for themselves by consuming goods. Women nowadays use clothes to send messages about their identity to others. shopping malls such as mezons (brand commodity stores) are one More
        Consumption fever has spread to cities and people are trying to gain status and social position for themselves by consuming goods. Women nowadays use clothes to send messages about their identity to others. shopping malls such as mezons (brand commodity stores) are one of the main spaces for the consumption of signs and styles. Therefore this study aims to understand and interpret the patterns of consumption behavior of women in the mezons of Yazd. The research method is qualitative and was implemented with a thematic analysis strategy. The data collection method was semi-structured interview. The sample size was 30 women living in Yazd who were selected by purposive sampling. In order to analyze the data, the content analysis technique was used. After analyzing the interviews four categories of responses emerged which were as follows: 1- Believable consumption behavior 2- assimilation to significant others 3- dramatic consumption behavior 4- product loyalty. The results showed that the consumption values ​​of this group were significantly more complex. The emergence of a culture of consumerism, imitation (keeping up with the Joneses) and lifestyle changes hav led to the spread of conspicuous, fashion-led, and theatrical consumption types. Based on this, it can be predicted that the orientation of consumption culture among Yazidi women is towards the duality (believable and conspicuous) of consumption, , and negative indicators of consumption behaviors will be the predominant aspect of this behavior in the future.&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        614 - .
        حسین افراسیابی یاسین خرم پور ندا جواهرچیان علی اکبر دهقان
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        615 - The Effect of Social Networks on the pattern of nutrition consumption among Citizens over 18 Years in Ardabil
        ali jafari behroz zarpoosh
        This study aims to examine the impact of social networks on the pattern of nutrition consumption among citizens over 18 years in the city of Ardabil. This is an applied study that made use of the survey method for data collection. Bourdieu's lifestyle theory and ppostmo More
        This study aims to examine the impact of social networks on the pattern of nutrition consumption among citizens over 18 years in the city of Ardabil. This is an applied study that made use of the survey method for data collection. Bourdieu's lifestyle theory and ppostmodernist theory of social networks were used for the theoretical framework. The research population consisted of all citizens over 18 years of age in Ardabil, which, according to the latest census, numbered around 115000 people. Utilizing Morgan&rsquo;s table, 384 individuals were selected as the sample via multi-stage cluster sampling. Researcher-made questionnaires were used to collect the data. The results showed that on average, half of the sample used at least one hour of social networks (preferably the Telegram) per day. The results also showed that social networks have a significant positive effect on changing the pattern of nutrition among citizens of Ardabil and around 0.255 of the variations in the pattern of nutrition were predicted by social networks utilization. Social networks also had a significant positive effect on the consumption of traditional medicine and on food safety but had a significant negative effect on the consumption of fast foods. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        616 - .The Role of Digitalization of Media Consumption in the LifeStyle of the Citizens of Tehran
        Shima Akbari ali jafari Mohammad Soltanifar
        Digital media play an important role in how we perceive the world around and it brings new lifestyles and thinking for its audience by showing the relationships that are dominant and prevalent in society and it also affects the lifestyle of the audience. This article at More
        Digital media play an important role in how we perceive the world around and it brings new lifestyles and thinking for its audience by showing the relationships that are dominant and prevalent in society and it also affects the lifestyle of the audience. This article attempts to study the role of digital media consumption in lifestyle of Tehrani citizens. The theoretical framework of this research was based on Giddens&rsquo; structuration theory and Katz&rsquo; Gratification Theory. The research method is survey and research tool is questionnaire. The research population of this study consisted of Tehrani citizens in 2018. Sample size was determined to be 420 people using the Cochran formula and it was selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Descriptive findings showed that more than half of the respondents made use of virtual social networks for about two hours a day and that Instrgram and Telegram were used the most. Inferrential results showed that there was a significant relationship between lifestyle and digitalization of media consumption (r = 0.58), use of the virtual social network (r = 0.50), membership duration (r = 0.41) and membership rates in cyberspace (r = 0.26). Regression analysis showed that usage of virtual social networks determined 50 percent, that of membership duration in virtual social networks, 22 percent, and extent of dependence on virtual social networks, 50 percent of the variations in lifestyle. The maximum amount of impact was that of the extent of usage of virtual social networks. Manuscript profile
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        617 - ارزیابی سامانه بام‌سبز در مقایسه با بام معمولی از منظر بهره‌وری انرژی در راستای برنامه‌ریزی شهری (کلانشهر مشهد)
        افسانه قلعه نوی آزاده شاهچراغی حامد کامل نیا
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        618 - بررسی نقش سیستم‌های غیر فعال خورشیدی در ساختمانهای صفر انرژی شهری، جهت آسایش و کاهش مصرف انرژی (مطالعه موردی: ولیعصر شهرتبریز)
        علیرضا اصغری آیدا ملکی گاوگانی حسن ابراهیمی اصل حسن ستاری ساربان قلی
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        619 - بررسی تاثیر تراز ارتفاعی متاثر از فضای جغرافیایی شهری بر میزان مصرف آب و رشد گیاهان در فضای سبز شهری، مطالعه موردی: منطقه یک شهری تهران
        صادق پرتانی عطیه محمودی مظفر مژده ربانی
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        620 - تأثیر عوامل اقلیمی در طراحی ساختمان مسکونی با رویکرد توسعه پایدار. مورد مطالعه: اقلیم معتدل و مرطوب
        علی خیری کامران رضائی زاده مهابادی
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        621 - بررسی و تحلیل تأثیر مجتمع‌های تجاری بر گسترش مصرف‌گرایی در کلان‌شهرتبریز
        مسعود حسن نژاد امجدی محمدرضا پورمحمدی نادر زالی
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        622 - رویکرد مقایسه‌ای ایران و مصر درقبال گروه‌های جهادی فلسطین (1979 تا 2012 می‌لادی)
        ابراهیم متقی محمد نادری
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        623 - مطالعه و بررسی تاثیر حاشیه‌نشینی بر گسترش سوء مصرف مواد مخدر مورد مطالعه:(شهرک گلستان اسلام شهر در سال 1390)
        سروش فتحی هاشم آرام عادله فخری اسفستانی
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        624 - تأثیر رسانه‌های جمعی نوین بر شکست نخستین دولت اخوان‌المسلمین در مصر
        معصومه السادات سالکی طاهره میرساردو سروش فتحی
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        625 - شاخص‌های مؤثر بر مصرف انرژی الگوهای مسکن در مقیاس محله با تأکید بر کارآیی انرژی‌(نمونه موردی: شهر سنندج)
        ایوب مرادخانی نیلوفر نیکقدم * منصوره طاهباز
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        626 - بررسی تأثیر جای گزینی بخشی از کنجاله سویا با نخود زراعی پولکی ‌شده بر تولید و ترکیب شیر، و میزان مصرف خوراک گاوهای شیرده هلشتاین
        آ. پیرزاده نائینی م. دانش مسگران ع.ر. وکیلی ه. ابراهیمی
        مطالعه حاضر به منظور بررسی تأثیر جایگزین نمودن بخشی از کنجاله سویا با نخود زراعی (Pisum sativum) در جیره گاوهای شیرده هلشتاین بر میزان مصرف ماده خشک، تولید و ترکیب شیر، غلظت متابولیت &shy;های خون، غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی و pH شکمبه صورت گرفت. تعداد 18 رأس گاو شیرده هلشتای More
        مطالعه حاضر به منظور بررسی تأثیر جایگزین نمودن بخشی از کنجاله سویا با نخود زراعی (Pisum sativum) در جیره گاوهای شیرده هلشتاین بر میزان مصرف ماده خشک، تولید و ترکیب شیر، غلظت متابولیت &shy;های خون، غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی و pH شکمبه صورت گرفت. تعداد 18 رأس گاو شیرده هلشتاین براساس وزن بدن، روزهای شیردهی و تولید شیر به طور تصادفی در 3 گروه آزمایشی قرار گرفتند. نخود زراعی پولکی شده در سطوح صفر، 33 و 66 درصد جایگزین کنجاله سویا گردید و به مدت 33 روز در جیره گاوها مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. استفاده از جیره&shy; های متفاوت هیچ تأثیر معنی &shy;داری بر میزان ماده خشک مصرفی، تولید شیر، محتوای چربی و پروتئین شیر، متابولیت&shy; های خون، غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی و pH شکمبه نداشت. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که نخود زراعی می&shy;تواند بدون تأثیر منفی تا سطح 66 درصد در جیره گاوهای شیرده پرتولید جایگزین کنجاله سویا گردد. Manuscript profile
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        627 - تأثیر دو منبع تانن بر عملکرد، مصرف نیتروژن و راندمان سنتز نیتروژن میکروبی در بزهای شیری
        ا. مختارپور ع.ع. ناصریان ف. پورملایی س. صفا
        هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی اثرات اسید تانیک (TA) و عصاره حاوی تانن محصولات فرعی پسته (PBE) بر مصرف نیتروژن و راندمان سنتز نیتروژن میکروبی در بزهای شیری سانن بود. در این مطالعه از 6 رأس بز شیری چند شکم زایش در اواسط شیردهی در قالب یک طرح چرخشی با 3 دوره استفاده شد. محلول More
        هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی اثرات اسید تانیک (TA) و عصاره حاوی تانن محصولات فرعی پسته (PBE) بر مصرف نیتروژن و راندمان سنتز نیتروژن میکروبی در بزهای شیری سانن بود. در این مطالعه از 6 رأس بز شیری چند شکم زایش در اواسط شیردهی در قالب یک طرح چرخشی با 3 دوره استفاده شد. محلول TA و PBE در زمان سیلو کردن به یونجه تازه اضافه شد تا غلظت نهایی تانن حدود 1 درصد ماده خشک شود. تیمارها عبارت بودند از: 1) سیلاژ یونجه بدون عمل‌آوری (AS)، 2) سیلاژ یونجه عمل‌آوری شده با TA (AS+TA)، و 3) سیلاژ یونجه عمل‌آوری شده با PBE (AS+PBE). مصرف ماده خشک، ماده آلی و نیتروژن و همچنین تولید و ترکیبات شیر (به صورت درصد یا گرم در روز) تحت تأثیر اضافه کردن تانن قرار نگرفت. تغییر الگوی قابل ملاحظه‌ای در دفع نیتروژن از ادرار به مدفوع در بزهای تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی PBE در مقایسه با گروه شاهد مشاهده شد. دفع نیتروژن از ادرار دارای روند (10/0=P) رو به کاهش (4/17 در مقابل 2/19 گرم در روز) و دفع نیتروژن از مدفوع در بزهای تغذیه شده با AS + PBE نسبت به سیلاژ شاهد بیشتر (05/0P&lt;) بود (6/14 در مقابل 6/12 گرم در روز). نیتروژن ابقا شده چه به صورت درصدی از نیتروژن مصرفی و چه به صورت گرم در روز، در بزهای تغذیه شده با AS + PBE نسبت به سیلاژ شاهد بیشتر بود (05/0P&lt;). سنتز نیتروژن میکروبی تحت تأثیر اضاف کردن تانن قرار نگرفت. ولی، راندمان سنتز نیتروژن میکروبی در بزهای تغذیه شده با تانن نسبت به آنهایی که با سیلاژ شاهد تغذیه شده بودند دارای روند رو به کاهش بود (10/0=P). اگرچه، تانن‌های اضافه شده به سیلاژ یونجه ممکن است اثرات مفیدی بر مصرف نیتروژن و همچنین نیتروژن دفع شده به محیط زیست داشته باشند، ولی ممکن است با تخمیر شکمبه‌ای تداخل ایجاد کرده و منجر به کاهش راندمان سنتز نیتروژن میکروبی در بزها مخصوصاً آنهایی که با PBE تغذیه شدند، شود. Manuscript profile
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        628 - تأثیر مکمل اسانس میخک و پروبیوتیک بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه
        م. آزادگان مهر ا. حسن آبادی ح. نصیری مقدم ح. کرمانشاهی
        این آزمایش جهت تعیین اثرات سطوح مختلف اسانس میخک به عنوان محرک رشد طبیعی و همچنین پروبیوتیک پروتکسین بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه و پارامترهای خونی در جوجه‌های گوشتی انجام شد. تعداد 240 جوجه کاپ 500 به‌ طور تصادفی به 5 گروه تقسیم شدند. هر گروه به 4 زیر گروه تقسیم شد که هر کد More
        این آزمایش جهت تعیین اثرات سطوح مختلف اسانس میخک به عنوان محرک رشد طبیعی و همچنین پروبیوتیک پروتکسین بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه و پارامترهای خونی در جوجه‌های گوشتی انجام شد. تعداد 240 جوجه کاپ 500 به‌ طور تصادفی به 5 گروه تقسیم شدند. هر گروه به 4 زیر گروه تقسیم شد که هر کدام از آنها یک تکرار 12 جوجه‌ای را تشکیل دادند. 5 تیمار شامل جیره کنترل، جیره حاوی پروبیوتیک پروتکسین و جیره‌های حاوی 150، 300 و 450 ppm اسانس میخک بودند که تا 42 روزگی به جوجه‌ها تغذیه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که از 22-11 روزگی، مصرف خوراک و افزایش وزن روزانه در گروه کنترل در مقایسه با دیگر گروه‌ها به‌ طور معنی‌داری بیشتر بود. در حالی‌که در 42-23 روزگی و 42-0 روزگی، خوراک مصرفی و افزایش وزن روزانه در گروه مکمل شده با 450 ppm اسانس میخک به ‌طور معنی‌داری در مقایسه با گروه شاهد افزایش یافت (05/0P&lt;). همچنین سطح 450ppm &nbsp;اسانس میخک به ‌طور معنی‌داری خوراک مصرفی و افزایش وزن روزانه را افزایش و ضریب تبدیل را در دوره پایانی بهبود بخشید. سطوح مختلف اسانس میخک و پروبیوتیک پروتکسین هیچ تأثیر معنی‌داری بر درصد لاشه، چربی بطنی و وزن نسبی ارگان‌های داخلی مانند کبد و قلب و سنگدان در 21 و 42 روزگی نداشتند. نتایج کاهش معنی‌دار میزان کلسترول را در جیره‌های مکمل شده با پروبیوتیک و 450 ppm اسانس میخک در 21 روزگی و همچنین کاهش آن را توسط پروبیوتیک در 42 روزگی نشان داد. غلظت کلسترول، LDL، &nbsp;HDL/ کلسترول در 42 روزگی به ‌طور معنی‌داری در گروه مصرف کننده پروبیوتیک پروتکسین در مقایسه با سایر گروه‌ها بهبود یافت (05/0P&lt;). در پایان می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که مکمل‌سازی با 450 ppm اسانس میخک موجب بهبود خوراک مصرفی. افزایش وزن روزانه و ضریب تبدیل وکاهش کلسترول سرم خون می‌شود. در این آزمایش پروبیوتیک کلسترول سرم خون، LDL، &nbsp;HDL/ کلسترول را کاهش و موجب بهبود نسبت HDL / LDL در 42 روزگی شد. Manuscript profile
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        629 - Effects of Starter Protein Levels and Amounts of Milk Fed on Animal Health and Rumen Microbiota Changes in Holstein Male Calves
        ن. مهرداد ی. چاشنی دل ا. تیموری یانسری م. خوروش
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        630 - اثر مخلوط گیاه دارویی و پرو بیوتیک بر عملکرد، فعالیت آنتی‪اکسیدانی و سن از شیرگیری گوساله‪های شیر‪خوار هلشتاین
        ص. سیف زاده ف. میرزایی آقجه ح. عبدی بنمار ج. سیف دواتی ب. نوید شاد
        هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر یک مخلوط گیاه داوریی و پروبیوتیک بر عمکرد، فعالیت آنتی‪اکسیدانی و سن از شیر‪گیری در گوساله‪های شیرخوار هلشتاین بود. برای انجام این آزمایش، 30 رأس گوساله هلشتاین تازه متولد شده (میانگین سنی 10-1 روز) با میانیگن وزنی 8 &plusmn; 42 در قالب یک طر More
        هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر یک مخلوط گیاه داوریی و پروبیوتیک بر عمکرد، فعالیت آنتی‪اکسیدانی و سن از شیر‪گیری در گوساله‪های شیرخوار هلشتاین بود. برای انجام این آزمایش، 30 رأس گوساله هلشتاین تازه متولد شده (میانگین سنی 10-1 روز) با میانیگن وزنی 8 &plusmn; 42 در قالب یک طرح فاکتوریل (2&times;3) با 6 تیمار و 5 تکرار استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: 1) جیره پایه شامل جیره استارتر و شیر کامل (شاهد)، 2) جیره پایه + 2 گرم پروبیوتیک، 3) جیره پایه + 5/1 درصد مخلوط گیاه دارویی، 4) جیره پایه + 5/1 درصد مخلوط گیاه دارویی + 2 گرم پروبیوتیک و 5) جیره پایه + 3 درصد مخلوط گیاه دارویی ، 6) جیره پایه + 3 درصد گیاه دارویی + 2 گرم پروبیوتیک بودند. گوساله‪ها خوراک‪های آزمایشی پلت شده را به صورت آزاد دریافت کردند و پس از یک ماه علوفه خشک وارد جیره غذایی شد. نتایج نشان داد که جیره&shy;های آزمایشی بر مصرف ماده خشک در طول آزمایش نداشت. اما، افزودن 5/1 درصد مخلوط گیاه دارویی سبب افزایش ماده خشک شد (05/0&gt;P). همچنین سطح 5/1 درصد گیاه داوریی باعث کاهش سن از شیرگیری گوساله&shy;ها شد (05/0&gt;P). گوساله&shy;های تغذیه شده با 5/1 درصد مخلوط گیاه دارویی و 5/1 درصد مخلوط گیاه دارویی + 2 گرم پروبیوتیک فعالیت آنتی‪اکسیدانی پلاسمایی بالاتری داشتند (05/0&gt;P). این مطالعه پیشنهاد می&shy;کند که سطح 5/1 درصد مخلوط گیاه دارویی سبب بهبود عملکرد، سیستم ایمنی و همچنین کاهش سن از شیرگیری در گوساله‪های شیر خوار خواهد شد. Manuscript profile
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        631 - بررسی تأثیر فصل بر مصرف ماده خشک و فعالیت تولید‌مثلی بزهای نر مرغز در غرب ایران
        م. سوری ر. میرمحمودی
        در این آزمایش از 10 رأس بز نر نژاد مرغز (میانگین وزن 2/1&plusmn;2/29 کیلوگرم) برای مطالعه اثر فصل بر مصرف ماده خشک و فعالیت تولید‌مثلی استفاده شد. دام‌ها در در قفس‌های انفرادی و تحت نور طبیعی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه واقع در غرب ایران به م More
        در این آزمایش از 10 رأس بز نر نژاد مرغز (میانگین وزن 2/1&plusmn;2/29 کیلوگرم) برای مطالعه اثر فصل بر مصرف ماده خشک و فعالیت تولید‌مثلی استفاده شد. دام‌ها در در قفس‌های انفرادی و تحت نور طبیعی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه واقع در غرب ایران به مدت یک سال نگهداری شدند. جیره غذایی با 9/7 مگاژول انرژی متابولیسمی و 8/98 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک پروتئین خام در طول دوره آزمایش به دام‌ها داده شد. وزن زنده، مصرف ماده خشک و افزایش وزن روزانه هر کدام از دام‌ها به طور هفتگی اندازه‌گیری شد. غلظت هورمون تستسترون در سرم نمونه‌های خون ماهانه اندازه‌گیری شد. نمونه‌های منی به طور ماهانه از دام‌ها توسط دستگاه الکترواجاکیولیتور جمع‌آوری گردید و بلافاصله بعد از آن توسط میکروسکوپ نوری بررسی شد. در طی آزمایش، رفتارهای جنسی دام‌ها و اندازه بیضه‌ها به طور ماهانه ثبت گردید. حداکثر مصرف ماده خشک در فصول تابستان (9/0&plusmn;3/64 گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن متابولیکی) و بهار (9/2&plusmn;2/62 گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن متابولیکی) و حداقل آن در فصل زمستان (9/0&plusmn;0/54 گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن متابولیکی) ثبت گردید. ارزش افزایش وزن روزانه به صورت بهار &gt; تابستان &gt; زمستان &gt; پاییز ثبت شد. بیشترین رفتارهای جنسی در اواخر تابستان و سپس در طی پاییز که مصادف بود با حداکثر غلظت هورمون تستسترون (1/10-8 نانوگرم بر میلی‌لیتر) ثبت گردید. علاوه بر این، بهترین شاخص و حجم منی (2/1-1/1 میلی‌لیتر)، طول بیضه (7/14-3/13 سانتی‌متر)، عرض بیضه (1/6-0/6 سانتی‌متر) و محیط بیضه (5/35-2/32 سانتی‌متر) در اواخر تابستان و در فصل پاییز مشاهده شد. نتایج این آزمایش نشان می‌دهد که مصرف ماده خشک و فعالیت تولید‌مثلی بزهای نر مرغز با یکدیگر مرتبط بوده و ناشی از تغییرات فصلی فتوپریود می‌باشد. Manuscript profile
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        632 - اثر سطوح مختلف مکمل روغن ماهی بر عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی
        جی.ب. داس م.ای. حسین م.آ. اکبر
        ششصد جوجه گوشتی یکروزه مخلوط دو جنس برای مقایسه اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف مکمل روغن ماهی بر عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی در شرایط مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی و خصوصیات لاشه به مدت 42 روز در مرغداری دانشگاه دامپزشکی و علوم دامی چیتاگونگ مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. More
        ششصد جوجه گوشتی یکروزه مخلوط دو جنس برای مقایسه اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف مکمل روغن ماهی بر عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی در شرایط مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی و خصوصیات لاشه به مدت 42 روز در مرغداری دانشگاه دامپزشکی و علوم دامی چیتاگونگ مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. جوجه‌ها به طور تصادفی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار گروه با سه تکرار در هر گروه توزیع شدند. هر گروه از 150 قطعه جوجه و 50 پرنده در هر تکرار تشکیل شده بود. چهار جیره غذایی با استفاده از مواد خوراکی محلی در دسترس به عنوان جیره غذایی بدون روغن، جیره‌های غذایی حاوی 5/2 درصد، 0/3 درصد و 5/3 درصد روغن ماهی فرموله شد. نتایج نشان داد که مکمل جیره‌های غذایی با سطوح مختلف روغن ماهی به طور معنی داری (05/0&gt;P) تفاوت در مصرف خوراک در سن 1، 3، 4 و 6 هفته داشتند. با این حال، اثر مکمل روغن ماهی بر ضریب تبدیل خوراک تا سن 5 هفته معنی دار نبود (05/0P&gt;). در پایان هفته 6، ضریب تبدیل خوراک جوجه‌های گوشتی از گروه‌های مختلف غذایی به طور معنی داری متفاوت بود (05/0&gt;P) به طور مشابه، تفاوت معنی داری (05/0P&gt;) در بین هیچکدام از گروه‌های غذایی در اضافه وزن تا سن 3 هفته به جز در مراحل بعدی مشاهده نشد. جدا از هجده پارامتر، وزن ساق پا، وزن قلب، وزن استخوان ران و وزن چربی شکمی با مصرف مکمل روغن ماهی متفاوت بود (05/0&gt;P). می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که، افزودن مکمل روغن ماهی در سطح 5/2 درصد موجب بهترین مصرف تجمعی خوراک و ضریب تبدیل خوراک جوجه‌های گوشتی می‌شود. Manuscript profile
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        633 - بررسی اثر محدودیت و شوری آب مصرفی روی عملکرد، فراسنجه‌های خونی و قابلیت هضم ظاهری خوراک در بره‌های نر بلوچی
        و. وثوقی-پوستین دوز ع. طهماسبی ع.ع. ناصریان ر. ولی زاده ه. ابراهیمی
        به منظور بررسی اثر محدودیت و شوری آب مصرفی بر عملکرد، فراسنجه‌های خونی و قابلیت هضم ظاهری خوراک در بره‌های نر بلوچی، از ۲۰ رأس بره نر (میانگین سن ٥&plusmn;١٧۰ روز و میانگین وزن ٨/۲&plusmn;٣١ کیلوگرم) بصورت فاکتوریل (۲&times;۲) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 5 تکرار در هر More
        به منظور بررسی اثر محدودیت و شوری آب مصرفی بر عملکرد، فراسنجه‌های خونی و قابلیت هضم ظاهری خوراک در بره‌های نر بلوچی، از ۲۰ رأس بره نر (میانگین سن ٥&plusmn;١٧۰ روز و میانگین وزن ٨/۲&plusmn;٣١ کیلوگرم) بصورت فاکتوریل (۲&times;۲) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 5 تکرار در هر تیمار استفاده شد. تیمار‌های آزمایشی شامل گروه اول: دسترسی آزاد به آب مصرفی با سطح سختی کم، گروه دوم: دسترسی به ٥۰ درصد میانگین آب مصرفی روزانه با سطح سختی کم، گروه سوم: دسترسی آزاد به آب مصرفی با سطح سختی زیاد و گروه چهارم: دسترسی به ٥۰ درصد میانگین آب مصرفی روزانه با سطح سختی زیاد، بودند. طول مدت آزمایش ٤۲ روز که شامل ١٤ روز عادت‌پذیری و ۲٨ روز دوره آزمایش بود. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که محدودیت آب منجر به ایجاد اختلاف معنی‌داری در ماده خشک و آب مصرفی، افزایش وزن روزانه و نسبت آب مصرفی به خوراک مصرفی، هورمون آلدوسترون، نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون، کلسترول، تری‌گلیسرید، هماتوکریت، کلر، پتاسیم، سدیم سرم،pH &nbsp;شکمبه و قابلیت هضم ADF،NDF، CP، ماده آلی، ادرار و مدفوع تولیدی در بره‌ها شده است (05/0&gt;P)، از طرفی مصرف آب با سختی زیاد منجر به ایجاد اختلاف معنی‌داری در ماده خشک و آب مصرفی، افزایش وزن روزانه، نسبت آب مصرفی به خوراک مصرفی، سدیم سرم و ادرار تولیدی در بره‌ها شد (05/0&gt;P). سایر پارامترهای اندازه‌گیری شده در بره‌های آزمایشی، تحت تأثیر محدودیت مصرف و شوری آب قرار نگرفت (05/0P&gt;). با توجه به داده‌های بدست آمده می‌توان نتیجه‌گیری نمود که هر چند محدودیت آب و سختی آن می‌تواند اثرات منفی بر عملکرد و فیزیولوژی حیوان بگذارند ولیکن این حیوانات می‌توانند تا سطح ٥۰ درصد محدودیت و ٨۰۰۰ میلی‌گرم در لیتر شوری آب را تا حداقل برای مدت ۲٨ روز بدون تغییرات زیانبار و کشنده تحمل کنند Manuscript profile
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        634 - اثر رسوب روغن خام سویا به عنوان یک جایگزین برای روغن سویا تصفیه شده در جیره غذایی جوجه‌های گوشتی
        M.E. Hossain G.B. Das
        450 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یکروزه تعیین جنسیت نشده در یک آزمایش 35 روزه در مزرعه دانشگاه دامپزشکی و علوم دامی چیتاگونگ برای بررسی اثر استفاده از رسوب روغن خام سویا (CSOS) به عنوان جایگزینی برای روغن سویا تصفیه شده (RSO) در جیره غذایی جوجه‌های گوشتی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. آز More
        450 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یکروزه تعیین جنسیت نشده در یک آزمایش 35 روزه در مزرعه دانشگاه دامپزشکی و علوم دامی چیتاگونگ برای بررسی اثر استفاده از رسوب روغن خام سویا (CSOS) به عنوان جایگزینی برای روغن سویا تصفیه شده (RSO) در جیره غذایی جوجه‌های گوشتی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. جوجه به صورت تصادفی در 3 گروه تیماری با 3 تکرار در هر تیمار توزیع شدند. هر تکرار دارای 50 پرنده بود. آشیانه توسط سیم توری به 9 بخش تقسیم شد تا تکرارهای مورد نظر به وجود آیند. پرندگان با 3 نوع جیره غذایی شامل جیره غذایی بدون CSOS و RSO (T0) تغذیه شده بودند، جیره غذایی حاوی RSO (T1) و جیره غذایی حاوی CSOS (T2) تغذیه شدند. تمام پرندگان به صورت آزادانه به خوراک دسترسی داشتند. نتایج نشان داد که هیچ تفاوت (05/0P&lt;) در افزایش وزن پرندگان برای هفته 1 و 2 وجود نداشت به جز در هفته 3، 4 و 5 که مربوط به تیمارهای غذایی نبود. در هفته 5، حداکثر میانگین افزایش وزن در پرندگان تغذیه شده با جیره غذایی حاوی RSO (T1) و حداقل (7/2&plusmn;6/56 گرم/روز) در پرندگان تغذیه شده جیره غذایی بدون CSOS و RSO (T0) بود (1/2&plusmn;7/37 گرم/روز) بود. مشابه افزایش وزن، متوسط مصرف خوراک تفاوت داشت (01/0P&lt;) و مقادیر میانگین9/1 &plusmn; 5/50, 1/2 &plusmn; 3/55 و 0/2 &plusmn; 4/53 گرم در هفته 2، 1/3 &plusmn; 5/92، 3/2 &plusmn; 4/83 بود و 2/2 &plusmn; 4/84 گرم در هفته 3 و 4/116 &plusmn; 3/2، 9/1 &plusmn; 5/114 و 7/2 &plusmn; 4/120 گرم در هفته 4 برای تیمارهای T0، T1 و T2 بود. ضریب تبدیل غذایی (FCR) فقط در هفته 5 متفاوت بود (05/0P&lt;) و مقادیر میانگین 11/0 &plusmn; 80/1، 12/0 &plusmn; 03/2 و 09/0 &plusmn; 90/1 به ترتیب برای گروه T0، T1 و تیمار T2 بودند. بهترین ضریب تبدیل غذا (11/0 &plusmn; 80/1) در پرندگان تغذیه شده با جیره غذایی حاوی RSO (T1) بود و در پرندگان تغذیه شده جیره غذایی بدون CSOS و RSO (T0) FCR نسبتاً ضعیفی (03/2&plusmn;12/0) مشاهده شد. بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که RSO می‌تواند توسط CSOS در جیره غذایی جوجه‌های گوشتی جایگزین شود. Manuscript profile
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        635 - مروری بر عوامل‌مرتعی مؤثر بر مصرف ماده‌خشک گاوهای شیری در حال چرا
        آ.ال. روکا فرناندز آ. گنزالو ردریگوئز
        سیستم‌های موفق مرتعی تولید شیر، بر اساس ایجاد توازن بین نیازمندی‌‌‌های خوراکی دام با نوسانات فصلی و سالیانه در تولید مرتع پایه‌گذاری شده‌اند. به‌منظور حداکثر نمودن تولید گاوهای شیری در سیستم‌های چرا، دست‌یابی به استفاده با راندمان از علوفه چرا ‌شده و توسعه سیستم‌های مدی More
        سیستم‌های موفق مرتعی تولید شیر، بر اساس ایجاد توازن بین نیازمندی‌‌‌های خوراکی دام با نوسانات فصلی و سالیانه در تولید مرتع پایه‌گذاری شده‌اند. به‌منظور حداکثر نمودن تولید گاوهای شیری در سیستم‌های چرا، دست‌یابی به استفاده با راندمان از علوفه چرا ‌شده و توسعه سیستم‌های مدیریتی مناسب جهت حداکثر نمودن مصرف روزانه ماده‌ خشک مرتع توسط هر گاو و در هر هکتار، ضمن داشتن یک مرتع با کیفیت بالا در طی فصل ‌رشد از طریق حفظ سطوح بالای پروتئین ‌خام، کربوهیدرات‌های محلول درآب، هضم‌پذیری ماده خشک و سطوح پایین الیاف‌های قابل‌ حل در شوینده خنثی و اسیدی، ضروری است. برای حداکثر نمودن ماده‌ خشک مصرفی از مراتع، لازم است تا گاوها از گیاهانی مصرف نمایند که دارای شاخصه‌های مصرف سریع بوده و منجر به نرخ سریع عبور از شکمبه شوند. در این مرور عوامل ‌مرتعی که روی تنظیم کوتاه‌مدت مصرف ‌خوراک گاوها تأثیر‌گذار بوده و بنابراین نیازمندی‌های خوراکی ‌دام‌های چرا کننده را مشخص می‌کنند، مد نظر قرار گرفته‌اند. گرچه مقدار علوفه‌ مصرفی یک عامل تعیین‌کننده عمده تولید گاوها است، اما برآورد آن هنوز یکی از مشکل‌ترین جنبه‌های کیفی علوفه برای پیش‌بینی می‌باشد. در این مرور به سه روش خروجی مدفوعی / قابلیت ‌هضم جیره‌ای، روش تفاوت مرتع و روش رفتار ‌چرا برای محاسبه مصرف ماده‌ خشک مرتع اشاره شده است. همچنین، سه معادله در بر گیرنده متغییرهای مرتعی و حیوانی برای تخمین میزان مصرف ماده ‌خشک مرتع توصیف می‌شوند. Manuscript profile
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        636 - تأثیر مصرف خوراکی کولین محافظت شده و ویتامین E بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی و وزن بدن در گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی
        M. Rahmani M. Dehghan-Banadaky R. Kamalyan
        به منظور بررسی اثرات مصرف کولین محافظت شده یا ویتامین E بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی و وزن بدن در گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی، تعداد 24 رأس گاو هلشتاین یک شکم‌زا و چند شکم‌زا که در هفته پنجم شیردهی قرار داشتند، به مدت چهار هفته مورد آزمایش ق More
        به منظور بررسی اثرات مصرف کولین محافظت شده یا ویتامین E بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی و وزن بدن در گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی، تعداد 24 رأس گاو هلشتاین یک شکم‌زا و چند شکم‌زا که در هفته پنجم شیردهی قرار داشتند، به مدت چهار هفته مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. گاوها به‌ طور تصادفی به یکی از گروه‌های زیر اختصاص یافتند: I- بدون دریافت مکمل (شاهد) II- دریافت کننده کولین محافظت شده (90 گرم در روز) و III- دریافت کننده ویتامین E (4400 واحد بین المللی در روز). در این مطالعه، مصرف کولین یا ویتامین E بر ماده خشک مصرفی، وزن بدن، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی، تولید شیر، درصد و محصول اجزای تشکیل دهنده شیر به غیر از درصد مواد جامد بدون چربی در گروه کولین، تأثیری نداشت (05/0P&gt;). مصرف کولین محافظت شده سبب افزایش درصد مواد جامد بدون چربی شیر در مقایسه با گروه شاهد و گروه ویتامین E گردید (05/0&gt;P). نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که مصرف کولین یا ویتامین E در جیره گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی تأثیری بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، وضعیت شرایط بدنی و وزن بدن نداشت. Manuscript profile
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        637 - عملکرد و بررسی اقتصادی استفاده از روغن سویا، نخل و ماهی در جیره غذایی جوجه‌های گوشتی
        G.B. Das M.E. Hossain M.A. Akbar
        600 جوجه گوشتی تعیین جنسیت نشده یک روزه در یک آزمایش 35 روزه برای مقایسه اثرات روغن سویا، روغن نخل و روغن ماهی بر عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی شامل مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی استفاده شد. جوجه‌ها به طور تصادفی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار گروه با سه تکرار در More
        600 جوجه گوشتی تعیین جنسیت نشده یک روزه در یک آزمایش 35 روزه برای مقایسه اثرات روغن سویا، روغن نخل و روغن ماهی بر عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی شامل مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی استفاده شد. جوجه‌ها به طور تصادفی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار گروه با سه تکرار در هر تیمار توزیع شدند. در هر تیمار 150 و در هر تکرار 50 پرنده قرار داده شدند. چهار جیره غذایی با استفاده از مواد خوراکی در دسترس فرموله شد که شامل جیره غذایی بدون روغن، جیره غذایی حاوی 3/0 درصد روغن سویا، 3/0 درصد روغن نخل و 3/0 درصد روغن ماهی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که افزودن انواع مختلف روغن بر مصرف خوراک جوجه‌های گوشتی تا هفته 2 تأثیر نمی‌گذارد (05/0P&gt;) اما در 3، 4 و 5 هفته افزایش می‌یابد (05/0P&lt;). افزایش وزن زنده جوجه در میان گروه‌ها تا سن 3 هفته متفاوت نبود (05/0P&gt;) البته در هفته 4 تفاوت داشت. بالاترین افزایش وزن زنده در هفته 4 در 3/0 درصد روغن ماهی گروه مشاهده شد. گروه روغن نخل حداقل تبدیل غذایی را نشان داد که فقط از گروه روغن ماهی متفاوت بود. هزینه خوراک در جوجه‌های گوشتی که روغن ماهی دریافت نمودند بیشتر از گروه بدون روغن، روغن نخل و روغن سویا بود. کل هزینه برای جوجه‌های گوشتی نیز در میان گروه‌های متفاوت بود (01/0P&lt;). سود خالص بیان شده به دلار به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن زنده جوجه بین تیمارها متفاوت نبود (05/0P&gt;). حداکثر سود خالص از پرندگان تغذیه شده با جیره غذایی حاوی روغن نخل و حداقل از جوجه‌های گوشتی تغذیه شده با جیره غذایی حاوی روغن سویا بدست آمد. نتیجه‌گیری می‌شود که افزودن روغن ماهی در سطح 3/0 درصد سبب افزایش کمی در وزن زنده و خوراک تبدیل بیش از گروهی که از همان سطح از روغن سویا و نخل دریافت نمودند، می‌شود. با این حال، سود خالص و همچنین قیمت هر کیلوگرم گوشت مرغ زنده در مکمل روغن نخل نسبتاً بالاتر از روغن سویا و روغن ماهی بود. Manuscript profile
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        638 - Feasibility Study of Using Photovoltaic Systems in Water and Wastewater Industry (Case Study: Tehran Water and Wastewater Company)
        Ensieh Ozgoli Younes Noorollahi Reza Arjmandi Ali Mohammadi
        Since water and wastewater companies are one of the significant energy consumers in urban industries, there is a substantial share to increase electricity demand and as a result, increasing the power plants load. The purpose of this study is to present a new evaluation More
        Since water and wastewater companies are one of the significant energy consumers in urban industries, there is a substantial share to increase electricity demand and as a result, increasing the power plants load. The purpose of this study is to present a new evaluation approach for using solar energy in the water and wastewater industry. Therefore, while consideration of the energy consumption in the six regions of Tehran Water and Wastewater Company, requirements for the installation and operation of photovoltaic systems in this company has been investigated. In the present study, the objective functions are energy consumption costs and greenhouse gas emissions; Also, solar energy potential, increasing population rate and water consumption are the most important independent variables and forecasted electricity consumption, carbon tax, and electricity sales price are also dependent variables. The results of this study, which can be based on using the regression model, show that the increase in electricity consumption and costs are 1.5 and 3 times in this period, respectively. To calculate the amount of greenhouse gas emissions, the three scenarios are implemented and compared with the replacement of 5, 20, and 30% of the company required electricity by photovoltaic systems. The reduction in CO2 emissions due to the production of 30% of electricity consumption with solar energy, amounted to 26,712 thousand tons. On the other hand, taxing more than $ 10 per ton of CO2 emissions changes the consumption pattern and reduces the cost of electricity consumption in this industry by $ 5,987,086. Manuscript profile
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        639 - Measuring the incremental coefficient of water and sewage effluent and its applications in predicting the rotational economy of water for intermediate consumption and final demand based on the input-output table model
        kourosh javadi pashaki
        From demand perspective, water is an essential and irreplaceable commodity in the household basket and production intermediate demand in the economic sectors. In economics, the price of a commodity depends on the final demand for it but this issue is not the same for wa More
        From demand perspective, water is an essential and irreplaceable commodity in the household basket and production intermediate demand in the economic sectors. In economics, the price of a commodity depends on the final demand for it but this issue is not the same for water due to its low price. All the economic sectors are dependent on water and no sector can operate and offer services without it. Water is in close contact with environment. The economy based on recirculating of water and use of sewage effluent in the manufacturing sector leads to decrease in usage of underground water. This paper uses the statistics of water accounting and based on the input-output tables, calculates the incremental coefficient of sewage effluent, surface water, underground water, Water abstraction from the sea, and usage of water in industrial units in different sectors of economy and predicts the amount of water consumption based on the national economic growth and population growth for the year 1410. Manuscript profile
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        640 - Comparison of the results of changing the approach in water resources management in karkheh basin during the droughts of 2012 and 2014.
        Aref Vaeli Alireza Manzari Tavakoli Hamdaleh Manzari Tavakoli
        Until now, the supply management approach has been the dominant approach in the management of water resources in the country, and the result of this management approach has significantly reduced the level of surface and underground water. The imbalance between the devel More
        Until now, the supply management approach has been the dominant approach in the management of water resources in the country, and the result of this management approach has significantly reduced the level of surface and underground water. The imbalance between the development of the country and the protection of water resources has intensified with the emergence of climate change, this situation prompted the executive directors of the Khuzestan Water and Electricity Organization to register a new experience in the drought of 1400 by changing the approach from supply management to consumption management. . The purpose of this article is to compare the quantitative results of two management approaches used in two similar drought phenomena in recent years using the comparative management method. This study is practical and causal from the point of view of the purpose, from the point of view of the implementation process of quantitative research, from the point of view of the logic of deductive-inductive implementation, and from the point of view of data collection, it is descriptive-survey. A comparison of the volume of water distributed with the old approach in the drought of 2012 and the volume of water distributed with the new approach in the drought of 2014 shows that the choice of the new approach on the level of 34272 hectares of agricultural land under summer cultivation in the southern Karkheh catchment area, causes savings. The amount of water is 692 million cubic meters. Manuscript profile
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        641 - بررسی تاثیر ویژگی های شخصیتی بر رفتار خرید آنی و خرید وسواسی (مورد مطالعه: دانشگاه های استان گلستان)
        نرگس دل افروز محمد طالقانی مصطفی فرحزاد
        Manuscript profile
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        642 - اثر ویژگی های جمعیّت شناختی و سبک زندگی بر پذیرش نوآوری محصولات جدید
        نرگس دل افروز محمد طالقانی حدیثه سلطانی
        Manuscript profile
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        643 - Detection of Knowledge Governing on Demographic Characteristics of Customers in Selecting Banks by through using Associative Rules in Data Mining
        Naser Ghabouli Alireza Bafandeh Zendeh Samad Aali
        10.30495/jmemiau.2023.707592
        The purpose of the present study is to explore the dominant knowledge of the demographic characteristics of customers in choosing banks through &nbsp;using associative rules in data mining. Effective decision-making and learning in a growing and complex world with with More
        The purpose of the present study is to explore the dominant knowledge of the demographic characteristics of customers in choosing banks through &nbsp;using associative rules in data mining. Effective decision-making and learning in a growing and complex world with with the help of &nbsp;thinkers and executives is a necessary which also need employing some mechanisms to understand the structures of complex systems and mass data acquisition as well as &nbsp;knowledge generation to make decisions. Most businesses identify their key customers through a variety of demographic characteristics. Businesses also target their consumers by promoting similar marketing features. Targeting consumers with similar demographic characteristics is useful for maximizing sales and profitability of the business. Banks are no exception to this rule&nbsp; because they are essential elements of the economy of a country. Data mining solves this problem through &nbsp;providing methods and software for automating analytics and discovering large and complex data sets. This research was conducted according to CRISP-DM standard and data were collected by questionnaire. Then, the results were converted into a database of ninety sources and after that they were extracted by using SPSS modeler software association rules for each bank. Extraction rules show how changing variables have an effect on other factors and ultimately on achieving goals. Manuscript profile
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        644 - Sustainable Consumption Policy: Environmental Care Requirements in Human Resource Training Study in the Iraqi Ministry of Commerce
        Mamoon Ali Ebrahim Saeid Sharifi Younis Mohammad Khizr al-Sabawi Mehrdad Sadeghi
        10.30495/jmemiau.2023.708203
        Paying attention to professional human resources in the framework of administrative competencies based on sustainable development requires continuous training based on the needs and requirements that were considered within the framework of duties and performance aimed a More
        Paying attention to professional human resources in the framework of administrative competencies based on sustainable development requires continuous training based on the needs and requirements that were considered within the framework of duties and performance aimed at the development goals for the organization, one of the important priorities of organizations commercial, especially in developing countries. Therefore, the present research was conducted cross-section and with the qualitative content analysis method, with the aim of investigating the requirements of environmental care in human resources training, emphasizing the sustainable consumption policy in the Ministry of Commerce of Iraq. The participants in the research up to the theoretical saturation of the data were 15 subject matter experts in the field of environmental sustainability who were selected in a purposeful method dependent on the criteria. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview, and the validity of the data was confirmed by an external audit. The results showed that increasing the knowledge of consumption and its political and executive antecedents is one of the main dimensions of environmental care requirements in human resources education with an emphasis on sustainable consumption through 9 main components including the development of education, consumer self-awareness, supportive policies, and sustainable incentives. , implementation of control policies, recognition of economic models, green management training, technological development and sustainable identification are known in the form of 57 sub-components. Manuscript profile
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        645 - بررسی عوامل موثر بر ترجیح مشتریان در انتخاب نام تجاری
        نصر اله خلیلی محمد علی سلامی
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        646 - On the Climate Estimation of Need to Cooling and Heating and Analyzing it with Gas Consumption Cost (Case Study: Anzali City)
        M. pourmohammad B. Ramezani L. Kokabian
        Nowadays, by applying new methods, a high percentage of fuel can be reduced to provide adequate heating or cooling for rural and urban buildings. These methods are still under study and should be reduced to 50% with accurate calculations by carefully examining them and More
        Nowadays, by applying new methods, a high percentage of fuel can be reduced to provide adequate heating or cooling for rural and urban buildings. These methods are still under study and should be reduced to 50% with accurate calculations by carefully examining them and applying new ways to reduce excessive energy consumption in urban and rural buildings. The objective of this paper is to estimate the annual cooling and heating amount (HDD and CDD) in comparing the need of Anzali city gas consumption with its estimated cost. The research method uses the calculation of the warm and cold days by Dr. Khalili's inventive formula, which is possible by using calculated cooling and heating rate. The instrument of this meteorological data and its proposed formula were used during a 34 year period (1979-2013) of Anzali station temperature. The results of this study showed that the need for the heating day is 1546.42&deg; -day and the degree-cooling day is 94.55&deg;, and the need for heating energy for a residential building with 100 m&sup2; and 2.7 meters height is 15657300 Rials and in the heating season it is 957.3 Rials. &nbsp;The results of this research can help local and regional planners in relation to the actual cost of gas consumption and the zoning of its coefficient. Manuscript profile
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        647 - The Impact of Visual Media in Promoting Rural Consumption (Case Study: Rural District of Tabadakan, Mashhad County)
        H. Sojasi Ghidari H. Mahmoodi A. Davarzani
        Mass media has a very important role in shaping the values and attitudes and willingness of people to consume in contemporary society. Changes in the level of consumerism in society are different from each other that seems to be more severe in the rural community of oth More
        Mass media has a very important role in shaping the values and attitudes and willingness of people to consume in contemporary society. Changes in the level of consumerism in society are different from each other that seems to be more severe in the rural community of other human communities. The present study examined the influence of visual media on the consumer's rural society. This research was applied in nature and descriptive-analytic in method and was conducted in 10 villages in Tabadakan city of Mashhad. The number of participants was 210 heads of households and information extracted from the questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS and GIS softwares and VIKOR model. The findings show that in the surveyed villages regarding the 6 Indicators, indicator hedonism consumerism in the study had the highest and the luxury had the lowest index. And in the selected villages, the village Khoshhava had the highest average and the village of Andrkh had the lowest average index of consumption. Also, with respect to the indicators consumerism and visual media, the highest correlation was seen in hedonism and individual protests and fashion had the second rank in correlation. According to the results of the rating analysis of the VIKOR model, two villages khosh hava and Ali Abad had the most and two villages Andrkh and Frkhnd had the lowest consumption. Manuscript profile
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        648 - Environmental Knowledge and use of Urban Services: an Analysis of Citizens' Consumption Behavior Using Structural Equation Modeling (Case Study: Rasht City)
        Mohammd Eskandari Node Yaser gholipour Salman Feyzi Amin Hassanzadeh
        Introduction: Encouraging citizens to use public services to reduce urban pollution is one of the important management priorities in cities. Based on this, the investigation of environmental knowledge as an influencing factor on the behavioral intentions of citizens as More
        Introduction: Encouraging citizens to use public services to reduce urban pollution is one of the important management priorities in cities. Based on this, the investigation of environmental knowledge as an influencing factor on the behavioral intentions of citizens as consumers of urban services can determine their tendency towards using these services.Research Aim: The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of environmental knowledge on the use of urban services in Rasht city.Methodology: In terms of practical purpose, in terms of the nature and method of descriptive-analytical, documentary, survey, which was carried out using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population was the households of Rasht city, based on Cochran's formula, a sample size of 384 people was selected from among them and they were asked by two-stage cluster sampling method. The validity of the questionnaire has been confirmed based on face validity and its reliability using Cronbach's alpha (0.763). The relationship between the index and the corresponding items has been investigated in the measurement model (first-order factor analysis). Composite reliability, average variance extracted and convergent validity for the research indicators have been calculated and verified. Research hypotheses have been investigated with the help of structural equation modeling process.Studied Areas: The geographical area of the current research is the city of Rasht.Results: The amount of findings shows that there is a correlation between environmental knowledge and residents' approach to using urban services (Beta=0.51 and t=4.1) and the amount of use of these services (Beta=0.30 and t=3.95). t) there is a significant statistical relationship; Also, there is a significant relationship between residents' approach to urban services and the amount of service usage (Beta=0.68 and t=6.8).Conclusion: Environmental awareness and knowledge of citizens is effective in the use of urban services and the sustainability of these interactions; So that the behavior of a responsible and informed citizen shows a clear difference compared to others. Manuscript profile
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        649 - Quantitative Analysis of Office Building Orientation and Proportions for Maximum Natural Ventilation to Reduce Energy Consumption (Case Study: Rasht City)
        Seyedeh Hadiseh Sedigh Ziabari hassan zolfagharzadeh Farzaneh Asadi Malekjahan Seyede Mamak Salavatian
        Considering the region's climate, designing the dimensions and proportions of plans and proper location of buildings reduce the thermal and cooling load, and improve natural ventilation of buildings. Accordingly, in this paper, an office building in the temperate and hu More
        Considering the region's climate, designing the dimensions and proportions of plans and proper location of buildings reduce the thermal and cooling load, and improve natural ventilation of buildings. Accordingly, in this paper, an office building in the temperate and humid climate of Rasht was simulated using DesignBuilder 5.4, and the natural ventilation and total annual energy consumption were calculated. The aim of the study was to analyze the existing situation, propose methods to improve the ventilation-energy consumption behavior based on plan proportions, orientation, and, present models to design office buildings in temperate and humid climates. Therefore, the building was simulated in seven different orientations, namely south, 45, 30 and 15-degree southeast, and west, and the values of ventilation and annual energy consumption were calculated. Then, it was proposed to adjust building plan proportions from 2:3 to 1:3, 1:2, and 1:1, to simulate each proportion for 7 different orientations. The lowest total annual energy consumption was observed in a building with a 1:3 proportion and north-south orientation, and the highest natural ventilation with the same proportion was obtained in 30-degree southwest and southeast orientations. Furthermore, changes of ventilation and energy consumption indices were calculated for the changes in four proportions in order to conduct a comparative quantitative analysis. The highest ventilation index was obtained for the lowest energy consumption growth index in 1:2 proportion for 15-degree southeast, and west orientation. Manuscript profile
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        650 - اثر محیط کشت و محلولپاشی با نانوکود کلسیم بر کیفیت و برخی خصوصیات گل شاخه بریده ژربرا
        لیلا محمدباقری داوود نادری
        به منظور بررسی تأثیر محیط کشت و محلول‌پاشی نانو کود کلسیم بر کیفیت گل شاخه بریده ژربرا، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 7 تیمار بستر و سه تیمار نانو کود کلسیم در سه تکرار انجام شد. محیط های کشت عبارت بودند از: کوکوپیت + پرلایت (1:1)، پیت&shy;ماس + More
        به منظور بررسی تأثیر محیط کشت و محلول‌پاشی نانو کود کلسیم بر کیفیت گل شاخه بریده ژربرا، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 7 تیمار بستر و سه تیمار نانو کود کلسیم در سه تکرار انجام شد. محیط های کشت عبارت بودند از: کوکوپیت + پرلایت (1:1)، پیت&shy;ماس + پرلایت (1:1)، کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ + پرلایت (1:1)، پیت&shy;ماس + کوکوپیت + پرلایت (1:1:2)، کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ + پیت&shy;ماس + پرلایت (1:1:2)، کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ + کوکوپیت + پرلایت (1:1:2) و کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ به تنهایی. غلظت های نانوکود کلسیم صفر، 1 و 2 میلی گرم در لیتر بود. نتایج نشان داد تیمارهای مختلف بستر اثر معنی‌داری بر روی قطر گل، قطر گردن گل و عمر گلجای داشت. بیشترین قطر گل و قطر گردن گل در بستر پیت + پرلیت (1:1)، بیشترین وزن تر گل در بستر کوکوپیت + کمپوست مصرف شده قارچ + پرلیت (2:1:1) و بیشترین عمر گلجایی در بسترهای پیت&shy;ماس + کوکوپیت + پرلیت (2:1:1) مشاهده شد. تیمار نانو کود کلسیم بر عمر گلجایی و کیفیت گل اثر معنی‌داری داشت، به&shy;طوری که با افزایش غلظت نانو کود کلسیم، عمر گلجایی افزایش یافت. در مورد اثرمتقابل بستر و نانو کود کلسیم، بیشترین تعداد گل در محیط کشت پیت&shy;ماس + کمپوست قارچ + پرلیت (2:1:1) بدون نانوکود کلسیم و بیشترین آنتوسیانین در بستر پیت + کوکوپیت + پرلیت (2:1:1) بدون نانوکود کلسیم مشاهده شد. در بقیه صفات اثرمتقابل معنی داری بین دو فاکتور مشاهده نشد. Manuscript profile
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        651 - بررسی خصوصیات کمی و شناسایی عوامل بیماری‌زا در گل مریم تحت شرایط متغیر نیتروژن و پتاسیم در خوزستان
        سید حسین محمودی نژاد دزفولی کیوان کریمی
        این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف نیتروژن و پتاسیم بر خصوصیات کمی گل مریم و شناسایی عوامل بیماری&shy;زای مرتبط با آن در استان خوزستان انجام شد. این آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل و در قالب بلوک کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد More
        این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف نیتروژن و پتاسیم بر خصوصیات کمی گل مریم و شناسایی عوامل بیماری&shy;زای مرتبط با آن در استان خوزستان انجام شد. این آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل و در قالب بلوک کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد دزفول اجرا گردید. فاکتورها شامل چهار سطح نیتروژن شامل N1= 0، N2= 100، N3= 200 و N4= 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره و سه سطح پتاسیم شامل K1= 0، K2= 150 و K3= 300 کیلوگرم در هکتارK2O &nbsp;ازمنبع سولفات پتاسیم و 100 کیلوگرم p &lt; sub&gt;2O5&nbsp; در هکتار از منبع سوپر فسفات تریپل بود. در این تحقیق نیتروژن برگ، طول خوشه، طول برگ، قرائت SPAD، شاخص سطح برگ (LAI)، ضریب استهلاک نوری، درصد بیماری و تابش فعال فتوسنتزی جذب شده اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کود نیتروژن بر طول برگ، قرائت کلروفیل‌متر، ضریب استهلاک نوری، تشعشع فعال فتوسنتزی جذب شده و درصد بیماری در سطح 5 درصد همچنین بر درصد نیتروژن برگ، طول خوشه و شاخص سطح برگ در سطح 1 درصد تأثیر معنی‌دار داشته است. پتاسیم اثر معنی داری بر پارامترهای اندازه&shy;گیری شده در این آزمایش نداشت. عوامل ایجاد کننده لکه های نکروزه در نوک و لبه&shy;های برگ و گلبرگBotrytis sp. ، .Curvularia sp و .Fusarium sp بودند. در حالی که علت اصلی ایجاد لکه&shy;های نکروزه روی گلبرگ&shy;ها، تریپس است که احتمالاً از گونه&shy;های F.intonsa یا F.schultzei است. به&shy;طور کلی، کاربرد 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و صفر کیلوگرم در هکتار K2O تیمار مناسب بدست آمده از نتایج پروژه است که می&shy;توان به گل‌کاران (در کاشت پیاز درشت) توصیه نمود. Manuscript profile
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        652 - Investigating the Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Chrysanthemum (cv. Borna)
        Mohammad Ali Khalaj Seyed Mohammad Banijamali Mohammad Reza Shafiei Elham Farahani Mostafa Javan Pegah Sayyad-Amin
        Chrysanthemum is one of the five main cut flowers in Iran. Knowledge about the optimal range of macro-nutrientsespecially nitrogen (N), for the best quantitative and qualitative characteristics of chrysanthemum is of great importance. Randomized complete blocks design i More
        Chrysanthemum is one of the five main cut flowers in Iran. Knowledge about the optimal range of macro-nutrientsespecially nitrogen (N), for the best quantitative and qualitative characteristics of chrysanthemum is of great importance. Randomized complete blocks design in three replications was implemented in this research. Five levels of N included 0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 kg/ha (ammonium nitrate) has been applied to chrysanthemum "Borna" cultivar in Mahalat city of Iran. These traits were measured: Score of life after harvest, branch number, flower numbers, flower longevity, days to flowering, chlorophyll, dry weight, shoot fresh weight, crown diameter, stem diameter and flower diameter. The results showed that maximum crown diameter, flower longevity, chlorophyll index, fresh and dry weight of the plant were obtained at the level of 150 kg/ha, compared to the control. Also, the highest total absorption of macro-nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK)), and micro-nutrients (iron, manganese, zinc and copper) was observed at the level of 150 kg/ha fertilization. According to the results, N application in the level 150 kg/ha can be recommended to have best growth condition for the "Borna" cultivar of chrysanthemum in Mahalat city. Manuscript profile
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        653 - Evaluation of AquaCrop and WOFOST in simulating of corn yield under deficit irrigation
        Aslan Egdernezhad1 Ali Reza Masjedi 2 Ali Reza Shokouhfar 3 Mojtaba Alavifazel 4
        This study was conducted to evaluate two crop growth models (AquaCrop and WOFOST) in simulating corn yield under different irrigation water (T1:50, T2:75, T3:100 and T4: 150 mm evaporation from pan A) using data collected from a research farm station in Ahwaz during one More
        This study was conducted to evaluate two crop growth models (AquaCrop and WOFOST) in simulating corn yield under different irrigation water (T1:50, T2:75, T3:100 and T4: 150 mm evaporation from pan A) using data collected from a research farm station in Ahwaz during one season crop. Results showed that the highest and the lowest different between collected and simulated yield values using AquaCrop were obtained in T3 (0.45 ton.ha-1) and T2 (0.10 ton.ha-1), respectively. Using WOFOST were obtained in T4 (0.15 ton.ha-1) and T1 (0.01 ton.ha-1), respectively. The lowest and the highest different for biomass values using AquaCrop were obtained in T4 (1.1 ton.ha-1) and T3 (2.03 ton.ha-1), respectively. Results for WOFOST were obtained in T2 (0.65 ton.ha-1) and T1 (1.95 ton.ha-1), respectively. RSME values for corn yield using AquaCrop and WOFOST were 0.16 and 0.15 ton.ha-1, respectively. RMSE values for corn biomass using AquaCrop and WOFOST were 0.92 and 0.88 ton.ha-1, respectively. Values for MBE using AquaCrop and WOFOST were 0.04 and -0.05 ton.ha-1 for corn yield, respectively, and -0.52 and -0.47 ton.ha-1 for corn biomass, respectively. In general, WOFOST had a better accuracy to simulate corn yield. Manuscript profile
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        654 - Influence of social values and corporate responsibility in the production of dependency between consumers and products
        mohamadali abdolvand nahid reyhani kambiz heydarzadeh hanzaei mohsen khonsiyavash
        The present study aims to investigate and identify the factors affecting the production of dependency between consumers and brands in terms of both types of exchange and emotion. In this study, using quantitative methods and modeling structural equations among 864 stude More
        The present study aims to investigate and identify the factors affecting the production of dependency between consumers and brands in terms of both types of exchange and emotion. In this study, using quantitative methods and modeling structural equations among 864 students of city management Tehran has tried to identify the factors affecting the production of two types of relationships; the results show that many variables, such as brand image, brand attitude, brand defense, etc., have the same and similar effect in both types of relationships, in While variables like brand love, social values, effective advertising in corporate social responsibility, attention to the community Brand has profound effects on the production of emotional relationships between brand and consumer and does not play any role in the production of exchange relationships. The results of this research are important for companies and domestic producers, because they are concerned with the structures and approaches of social issues such as paying attention to responsibility Social, positive social values ​​and brand associations in their production and advertising structures can find long-term relationships between their products and Iranian consumers. Manuscript profile
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        655 - Sociological study of the consumerist approach to the body in Iranian society (Case study: Students of Payame Noor University of Tehran)
        leila fathi Mohamad Rahimi
        The various social, cultural and political changes that have taken place in the world, such as demographic changes, feminist movements, consumerism, and the movement towards modernity, have transformed the body into a major issue in social studies. The purpose of the pr More
        The various social, cultural and political changes that have taken place in the world, such as demographic changes, feminist movements, consumerism, and the movement towards modernity, have transformed the body into a major issue in social studies. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the causes of consumerism in the Iranian society among female students of Payame Noor University of Tehran, Tehran. In this paper, 415 people were selected using the Cochran formula. The sampling method in this study is a proportional sampling method. In this study, feminist theories, Veblen, Gauffman, and Giddens have helped researchers in their ideas and theoretical sensitivity. The findings of the study showed that the individual factors (2.63) and social conditions (2.47) are effective in performing cosmetic surgeries by individuals in Iran. According to findings, family agent (21.3%) of the causes Surgery is not beauty by people in IranTo determine the validity and reliability of the questionnaire structures, convergent and diagnostic validity was used in the form of confirmatory factor analysis. Also, for reliability testing of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. Since the calculated Cronbach's alpha coefficient for each section of the questionnaire and also for the total data (0.82) is more than acceptable (α = 0.7), the reliability of the measurement instrument is confirmed. Manuscript profile
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        656 - .
        سعید شریفی علی رشیدپور مریم سپیانی
        این پژوهش با هدف بررسی رابطه بین مدیریت دانش و مصرف کالاهای فرهنگی در میان معلمان و مربیان آموزشی دبیرستان‌های فریدن به صورت پیمایشی در سال 1397 انجام گرفته است. از جامعه آماری 155 نفره این پژوهش به کمک جدول حجم نمونه مورگان 105 نفر برای تحلیل انتخاب شدند و نتایج گویای More
        این پژوهش با هدف بررسی رابطه بین مدیریت دانش و مصرف کالاهای فرهنگی در میان معلمان و مربیان آموزشی دبیرستان‌های فریدن به صورت پیمایشی در سال 1397 انجام گرفته است. از جامعه آماری 155 نفره این پژوهش به کمک جدول حجم نمونه مورگان 105 نفر برای تحلیل انتخاب شدند و نتایج گویای وجود رابطه معنادار بین دو متغیر اصلی پژوهش در دو بعد بررسی رابطه دو متغیره و در بعد مدلسازی معادله ساختاری هستند. به نحوی که هر دو ضریب به دست آمده مثبت و معنادار است. به عبارت بهتر میزان مدیریت دانش افراد تاثیر مثبت و معناداری بر میزان مصرف کالاهای فرهنگی آنان دارد. Manuscript profile
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        657 - Designing a qualitative model of the role of media consumption pattern on the lifestyle of the Iranian family
        morteza tavakoli mohammadreza rasouli
        Introduction: We see the qualitative presence of the media in the individual and social life of human beings more than before. The impact of the media on social realities has been accepted. As a result, given the quantitative increase and the qualitative impact of the m More
        Introduction: We see the qualitative presence of the media in the individual and social life of human beings more than before. The impact of the media on social realities has been accepted. As a result, given the quantitative increase and the qualitative impact of the media, recognizing the impact of media consumption on lifestyle is one of the most central issues in the field of style. Life is more important than ever.Objective: The aim of this study was to design a qualitative model of the components of the media consumption pattern and its effect on the lifestyle of the Iranian family.Method: According to the purpose of the research, the type of research published is the purpose of development and the research method is causal. The qualitative sampling method in this survey is targeted. In order to study the subject of this research, using basic theories in the field of lifestyle and media consumption, the primary model of research has been obtained and after reviewing the theories and research literature, we interviewed 10 professors and experts in the field of culture. , Media and Lifestyle, and after analyzing the interviews, a comprehensive research model was obtained qualitatively.Results: Based on the results of the research, the main and sub-variables of the study were reviewed and categorized according to the concept and characteristics obtained from the interviews. According to the qualitative analyzes, the social identity variable was added to the main index of lifestyle and the variables of cultural consumption and cultural identity were added to the main index of media consumption pattern in the final model. Manuscript profile
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        658 - The relationship between religiosity and attitudes toward smoking among university students in Yazd
        سید علیرضا افشانی یاسین خرم پور سجاد ممبینی
        Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between religiosity and attitudes toward smoking among students of Yazd University. Method: Themethod of this research was Descriptive- Survey method. 372 Yazd University studentshave been studied by Str More
        Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between religiosity and attitudes toward smoking among students of Yazd University. Method: Themethod of this research was Descriptive- Survey method. 372 Yazd University studentshave been studied by Stratified sampling method. In order to collect data, was used a standardized questionnaire religiosity (Gluck and Stark, 1965) and a questionnaire to attitudes toward smoking. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Between rate and dimensions of religiosity with attitudes attitudes toward smoking, were a significantly and inversely relationship. Conclusions: Someone who has a higher level of religiosity, his life is more meaningful, therefore likelihood of cigarette smoking is less. Manuscript profile
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        659 - Examining the Effects of Media on Social Capital of Bandar Abbas Citizens
        محمد اسماعیل ریاحی مصطفی ظهیری نیا سهیل صادقی
        In this study, effects of media on social capital, with an emphasis on local and satellite TV, were reviewed and experimented. A survey questionnaire was used to collect the required data in this study. Statistical population of this study consists of 18 year olds and o More
        In this study, effects of media on social capital, with an emphasis on local and satellite TV, were reviewed and experimented. A survey questionnaire was used to collect the required data in this study. Statistical population of this study consists of 18 year olds and older who lived in Bandar Abbas at the time of study (2014). Using Cochran&rsquo;s formula, size of sample are 384 people and sampling was done using cluster sampling method. Study data was analyzed and examined with the help of SPSS, descriptive and inferential methods. Findings suggest that a positive and important relation exists between local TV viewing and social capital however, satellite TV viewing is contrariwise to social capital. The amount of local television viewing has a positive relation to the amount of social trust and abiding social norms in contrast to satellite TV viewing which is negatively related to the amount of social trust and abiding social norms. No significant relation was observed between viewing TV networks and social participation. Regression analysis shows that in the current statistical population, the amount of TV viewing has the greatest impact on Social Capital. Manuscript profile
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        660 - Factors affecting of religion (A case study of married women living in Gorgan)
        غلامرضا خوش فر محبوبه ایلواری
        The present study was conducted to identify the affecting factors on religiusity. Since religion influences family relationships and with respect to the fact that one of the main goals of society, at present, is to strengthen the religious values in families. In this re More
        The present study was conducted to identify the affecting factors on religiusity. Since religion influences family relationships and with respect to the fact that one of the main goals of society, at present, is to strengthen the religious values in families. In this research, descriptive survey method has been used. The population included 144406 married women who live in the city of Gorgan. The sample size consisted of 360 married women who were determined by using Cochran formula. Multi-stage random sampling method was used for the study. For the first selection, 36 randomly selected neighborhoods were chosen, then in every process, in proportion to the number of settled households and using systematic random sampling, 10 married women were selected and studied the questionnaires of Lock Wallace religiosity was the tool of measurement in this study. To analyze the results, pearson correlationand path analysis were used in addition to the methods of descriptive statistics. The results showed that there is not a significant relationship between social trust, media consumption and religiusity.Whilethere is a significant relationship between age, education, duration of marriage, total children, socio-economic status andreligiosity. The results of path analysis indicated that the highest total greatly affectsmarried women̓s religiosity.Also in the present study women̓s religious differ significantly depending on whether they were born in cities or villages. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        661 - .
        saeid kargar mohammadtaghi iman محمدتقی عباسی‌شوازی
        .
        . Manuscript profile
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        662 - Evaluate the relationship between knowledge management with the consumption of cultural goods among academic librarians in Isfahan (Esfahan University, industrial and medical sciences)
        محمدرحیم رسولی آزاد سمانه گوهری
        This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between knowledge management and consumption of cultural goods among academic librarians in Isfahan (Isfahan University, Isfahan University and Isfahan University of Medical Sciences) applied research and the practice of fam More
        This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between knowledge management and consumption of cultural goods among academic librarians in Isfahan (Isfahan University, Isfahan University and Isfahan University of Medical Sciences) applied research and the practice of family solidarity was conducted in 1392. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. To analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire also statistical software SPSS 19 and Amos Graphics for analysis and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics correlation coefficients were used. The results indicate a significant relationship between two variables the study examined the relationship between the two variables and structural equation modeling are after. In a way that is both positive and significant coefficient obtained. In other words, knowledge management in a significant positive impact on the consumption of cultural goods has them. Manuscript profile
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        663 - The relationship between media consumption and confidence among students of Mazandaran University
        محمد اسماعیل ریاحی سمانه اسکندری
        Trust is a crucial issue that today&rsquo;s societies are encountered, and one of important factor of social survival. Present research seeks to study the relationship between media consumption (local and satellite television) and trust. The universe of the study was al More
        Trust is a crucial issue that today&rsquo;s societies are encountered, and one of important factor of social survival. Present research seeks to study the relationship between media consumption (local and satellite television) and trust. The universe of the study was all of the enrolled students of Mazandaran University which 400 students through proportionate stratified sampling method have been selected as sample of the study. The required data has been gathered by self administered questionnaire and data were analyzed via SPSS software. Research findings indicate that while there is positive relationship between watching local TV and trust, watching satellite TV is related to trust, negatively. Furthermore, there is positive relationship between watching local TV and family trust, relative trust, and institutional trust, but watching satellite TV has negative relationship with family trust, trust in friends, social trust, and institutional trust. Manuscript profile
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        664 - .
        سارا ملاسعیدی
        .
        . Manuscript profile
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        665 - مدل سازی جریان انرژی و ارزیابی اقتصادی تولید هندوانه در استان فارس در ایران
        Sajad Rostami Maryam Lotfalian Bahram Hosseinzadeh مهدی قاسمی ورنامخستی
        این مطالعه با هدف بررسی بهره‌وری انرژی مصرفی و آنالیز اقتصادی روش‌های مختلف کشت هندوانه در استان فارس، کشور ایران انجام شد. روش‌های تولید هندوانه به پنج گروه تقسیم شدند. این گروه‌ها عبارت بودند از: خاکورزی مرسوم (گروه 1)، کشاورزی حفاظتی (گروه 2)، پاشش کود مکانیزه (گروه More
        این مطالعه با هدف بررسی بهره‌وری انرژی مصرفی و آنالیز اقتصادی روش‌های مختلف کشت هندوانه در استان فارس، کشور ایران انجام شد. روش‌های تولید هندوانه به پنج گروه تقسیم شدند. این گروه‌ها عبارت بودند از: خاکورزی مرسوم (گروه 1)، کشاورزی حفاظتی (گروه 2)، پاشش کود مکانیزه (گروه 3)، کاشت نیمه مکانیزه (گروه 4) و کاشت تمام مکانیزه (گروه 5). داده‌ها از 317 نفر از تولید کننده‌های هندوانه از مناطق مختلف استان به صورت چهره به چهره جمع‌آوری شد. از شبکه‌های عصبی مصنوعی چند لایه برای مدل‌سازی جریان انرژی تولید هندوانه استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مصرف انرژی متعلق به روش کاشت تمام مکانیزه با ارزش MJ.ha-172/81317 و با بهره‌وری kg.ha-1 61/0 و کارایی مصرف انرژی 17/1 بوده است. نتایج خوشه‌بندی با سه ورودی (منابع انسانی، ماشین‌آلات و سوخت دیزل) نشان داد که تفاوت بین گروه‌های 2 و 4 بیشتر از گروه‌های دیگر است. کمترین مصرف انرژی نیز برای گروه کشاورزی حفاظتی به میزان MJ.ha-1 86/78163 ، با بهره‌وری kg.ha-1 64/0 و راندمان انرژی 22/1 برآورد شد. نتایج مدل‌سازی انرژی نشان داد که مدل ANN با ساختار 1-10-9 برای مدل‌سازی انرژی جریان انرژی این سیستم است. به طور کلی، نتیجه‌گیری شد که مدل‌های شبکه عصبی مصنوعی می&shy;تواند برای پیش‌بینی جریان‌های انرژی هندوانه استفاده شود. از منظر اقتصادی نیز کمترین سود خالص متعلق به روش کاشت کاملاً سنتی به میزان 82784 هزار ریال در هکتار و بیشترین آن نیز متعلق به گروه کاشت تمام مکانیزه به میزان 87092 هزار ریال در هکتار محاسبه شد. Manuscript profile
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        666 - بخشبندی مشتریان محصولات سبز با استفاده از روش خود سازمانده
        نرگس دل افروز سینا سیاوش مقدم
        هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تقسیم بازار بر مبنای متغیرهای جمعیت شناختی، روانی و رفتاری و بررسی ارتباط آنها با رفتار مصرف کننده سبز است. در این تحقیق، نقشه&shy;های سازماندهی خود برای جداسازی و تعیین ویژگی&shy;های رفتار مصرف کننده سبز استفاده می&shy;شود. این یک مطالعه توصیفی-تحلیل More
        هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تقسیم بازار بر مبنای متغیرهای جمعیت شناختی، روانی و رفتاری و بررسی ارتباط آنها با رفتار مصرف کننده سبز است. در این تحقیق، نقشه&shy;های سازماندهی خود برای جداسازی و تعیین ویژگی&shy;های رفتار مصرف کننده سبز استفاده می&shy;شود. این یک مطالعه توصیفی-تحلیلی است که در آن هشت متغیر از ابعاد جمعیت شناختی، روانی و رفتاری انتخاب شده است. داده ها از طریق طراحی پرسشنامه گرد آوری شده و آن را در میان جامعه آماری (مشتریان زنجیره های سوپرمارکت در شهر رشت) توزیع گردید. حجم نمونه 392 نفر بود. . از بین متغیرهای جمعیت شناختی، سن، جنسیت و تحصیلات رابطه مستقیمی در حالی که درآمد رابطه معکوس با رفتار مصرف کننده سبز دارد. متغیرهای روانشناختی و رفتاری، از جمله ارزش های فردی، تعصب مذهبی، دانش و نگرش محیط زیست و عادات فردی، نقش کلیدی در پیش بینی رفتار سبز مصرف کننده دارند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که چهار بخش، به سبز های شدید، سبز های بالقوه، خودخواهان و تیره های شدید نامیده می شود. بازاریابان و تولید کنندگان محصول سبز می توانند بازار هدف را با استفاده از نتایج تعیین کرده و یک استراتژی بازاریابی ترکیبی مناسب برای مصرف کنندگان بر اساس ویژگی های مربوطه خود بکار گیرند. Manuscript profile
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        667 - عوامل موثر بر مصرف انرژی در بخش کشاورزی ایران با استفاده از روش ARDL-FAZZY
        مریم ضیاء آبادی محمدرضا زارع مهرجردی
        با توجه به نیازها و خواسته های نامحدود بشر و محدودیت منابع، انسان همواره در اندیشه ی استفاده ی موثر و بهینه از امکانات و منابعی که در اختیار داشته، بوده است. انرژی به عنوان یکی از عوامل اصلی تولید دارای جایگاه مهمی در فعالیت&shy;های اقتصادی و به عنوان یکی از مهم&shy;تری More
        با توجه به نیازها و خواسته های نامحدود بشر و محدودیت منابع، انسان همواره در اندیشه ی استفاده ی موثر و بهینه از امکانات و منابعی که در اختیار داشته، بوده است. انرژی به عنوان یکی از عوامل اصلی تولید دارای جایگاه مهمی در فعالیت&shy;های اقتصادی و به عنوان یکی از مهم&shy;ترین نهاده&shy;های مصرفی در بخش کشاورزی، از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. طی چهار دهه اخیر، مصرف انرژی در بخش کشاورزی ایران با نرخی فراتر از رشد تولید این بخش افزایش یافته است که یکی از مهم&shy;ترین دلایل آن، پائین بودن قیمت انرژی و یارانه&shy;ای بودن آن در بخش کشاورزی ایران است. در این مطالعه جهت بررسی عوامل موثر بر مصرف انرژی در بخش کشاورزی ایران از روش ARDL-FAZZY و داده&shy;های سری زمانی 1353-1394 استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان&shy;دهنده آن است که متغیر سهم بخش کشاورزی تاثیر مثبت و معناداری بر مصرف انرژی در دوره مورد مطالعه داشته است. متغیر نسبت سرمایه به نیروی کار (سرمایه سرانه) تاثیر مثبت بر مصرف انرژی داشته است. شدت مصرف انرژی در بخش کشاورزی از روند منظمی پیروی نکرده و اثر مثبت بر مصرف انرژی در این بخش داشته است. متغیر قیمت انرژی (سوخت&shy;های فسیلی و برق) تاثیر منفی (با سطح معناداری پائین) بر مصرف انرژی دارد. بنابراین پیشنهاد می&shy;شود که با توجه به اهمیت انرژی و مسئله آلودگی، مصرف انرژی و عوامل موثر برآن بیش از پیش مورد توجه قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile
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        668 - ارائه مدل رفتاری خریداران واقعی محصولات ارگانیک در استان گیلان
        رویا شریفی بهرام خیری یلدا رحمتی غفرانی
        هدف از این پژوهش بررسی عوامل تاثیرگذار بر رفتار واقعی خریداران محصولات ارگانیک می&shy;باشد. ابزار پژوهش، نیز پرسشنامه بوده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل مصرف&shy;کنندگان محصولات ارگانیک در استان گیلان می‌باشد که با توجه به نامحدود بودن نمونه&shy;گیری انجام شد و تعداد More
        هدف از این پژوهش بررسی عوامل تاثیرگذار بر رفتار واقعی خریداران محصولات ارگانیک می&shy;باشد. ابزار پژوهش، نیز پرسشنامه بوده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل مصرف&shy;کنندگان محصولات ارگانیک در استان گیلان می‌باشد که با توجه به نامحدود بودن نمونه&shy;گیری انجام شد و تعداد نمونه 384 به دست آمد. از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی در دسترس برای توزیع پرسشنامه ها استفاده شد. ارزیابی مدل و آزمون فرضیه‌ها از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم افزار اسمارت پی ال اس انجام گردید. نتایج حاصل از آزمون فرضیه‌ها نشان داد که قیمت درک شده، آگاهی سلامتی، در دسترس بودن، دانش ارگانیک و هنجار ذهنی بر نگرش مصرف&shy;کننده تاثیرگذار بوده است. هم چنین نگرش مصرف کننده بر قصد خرید و قصد خرید بر رفتار واقعی خرید تاثیرگذار هستند. همچنین مشخص گردید که چنانچه اطلاع&shy;رسانی درخصوص محصولات ارگانیگ و همچنین معرفی مزیت&shy;های آنها و اهمیت محیط&shy;زیستی این محصولات بیشتر گردد، مصرف&shy;کنندگان تمایل بیشتری برای قصد خرید خواهند داشت. علاوه بر این نتایج نشان داد که، تهیه بروشور معرفی محصولات ارگانیک و در اختیار قراردادن نتایج بررسی&shy;های انجام شده روی محصولات ارگانیک به خریداران و تشکیل گروه&shy;ها و انجمن&shy;های دوستدار محیط&shy;زیست می&shy;تواند نگرش خریداران را متحول سازد. Manuscript profile
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        669 - مدیریت مصرف ضایعات برگ خرما در تغذیه دام دامداران جنوب استان کرمان
        محسن عادلی ساردویی محمد خداوردیزاده امید علی اسماعیلی پور
        براساس آمار موجود در جنوب استان کرمان سالانه حدود &nbsp;111498 تن برگ خرما به عنوان ضایعات تولید می&shy;شود. مطالعات صورت پذیرفته حاکی از آن است که این ضایعات پتانسیل مناسبی در تأمین نیاز غذایی دام و جایگزین مناسبی برای خوراک مشابه از قبیل بقایای گندم در تغذیه دام هستند More
        براساس آمار موجود در جنوب استان کرمان سالانه حدود &nbsp;111498 تن برگ خرما به عنوان ضایعات تولید می&shy;شود. مطالعات صورت پذیرفته حاکی از آن است که این ضایعات پتانسیل مناسبی در تأمین نیاز غذایی دام و جایگزین مناسبی برای خوراک مشابه از قبیل بقایای گندم در تغذیه دام هستند. در تحقیق حاضر تلاش شد تا با مفهوم تمایل به مصرف و با استفاده از مدل لاجیت ترتیبی عوامل موثر بر پذیرش ضایعات برگ خرما (ضبخ) توسط دامداران منطقه جنوب استان کرمان در سال 1399 مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد. داده&shy;ها و اطلاعات مورد نیاز از طریق تکمیل 202 پرسشنامه که به&shy;طور تصادفی از بین دامداران جنوب استان کرمان توزیع و گردآوری شدند بدست آمد. مطابق نتایج حدود 51 درصد دامداران منطقه مورد مطالعه، تمایل به مصرف ضبخ ندارند و تنها 46 دامدار از کل نمونه مورد مطالعه مایل به مصرف این محصول هستند. براساس نتایج مدل لاجیت ترتیبی، با افزایش سابقه دامدار، ارائه اطلاعات و افزایش سطح آگاهی دامداران، کاهش نگرانی&shy;های دامداران از بازخورد مصرف ضبخ در تغذیه دام&shy;های&shy;شان و عضویت در تعاونی، تمایل به مصرف ضبخ در تغذیه دامداری&shy;ها افزایش می‌یابد.&nbsp; همچنین احتمال تمایل به مصرف ضبخ در دامداری&shy;های بزرگتر و در گاوداری&shy;ها نسبت به مزارع کوچک (گوسفند و بز) بیشتر است. با توجه به یافته&shy;ها، به منظور مصرف ضبخ در تغذیه دامداری&shy;ها، لازم است تا با اقدامات ترویجی و آموزشی دامداران منطقه مورد مطالعه نسبت به سلامت تغذیه دام&shy;ها با این محصول آشنا شوند و علاوه بر این با اعطای تسهیلات به تولیدکنندگان متقاضی عرضه ضبخ به بازار و ایجاد مزارع نمایشی با تغذیه این محصول می‌توان گام مثبتی در زمینه کاهش ضایعات و هدر رفت قابلیت تجاری این محصول برداشت. Manuscript profile
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        670 - چرخه حیات تحلیل انرژی-اقتصادی برای سناریوهای مختلف کشت تولید برنج (مطالعه موردی: استان خوزستان)
        محمد غلامی پرشکوهی Heidar Molaee Jafrodi Hamed Afshari Davood Mohammad Zamani
        در این مطالعه تحلیل انرژی و اقتصادی تولید برنج در استان خوزستان بررسی شد. تولید شالیزار در این استان تحت سه سناریوی سیستم کشت چندگانه شامل (سیستم شالیزاری) PTS، (سیستم غرقابی بذر مستقیم شالیزاری) PDSFS و (سیستم کشت شالیزاری) PUCS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. بیشترین ان More
        در این مطالعه تحلیل انرژی و اقتصادی تولید برنج در استان خوزستان بررسی شد. تولید شالیزار در این استان تحت سه سناریوی سیستم کشت چندگانه شامل (سیستم شالیزاری) PTS، (سیستم غرقابی بذر مستقیم شالیزاری) PDSFS و (سیستم کشت شالیزاری) PUCS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. بیشترین انرژی کل ورودی (14/87993 مگاژول در هکتار) و انرژی خروجی (105400 مگاژول در هکتار) مربوط به انرژی PTS بود. سوخت دیزل و کود نیتروژن بالاترین سهم مصرف انرژی را داشتند. بسته به نوع کشت در PUCS، نیروی کار انسانی سهم زیادی از انرژی دارد. برآورد نسبت انرژی به روش PUCS (34/1) نشان می دهد که مقدار انرژی خروجی بسیار بیشتر از انرژی ورودی است. شاخص انرژی بهره وری نیز نشان داد که بین سه روش از نظر میزان شلتوک نسبت به انرژی ورودی تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد. انرژی ویژه روش PTS (19/14 مگاژول در کیلوگرم) مقادیر زیادی انرژی ورودی را نسبت به مقدار شلتوک تولیدی نشان می دهد. بر اساس درآمد بالا و هزینه کم، نسبت سود به هزینه در هزینه روش PTS قابل توجه است. بهره وری روش PUCS به دلیل تولید بالای شلتوک در مقایسه با کمترین هزینه، 212.65 کیلوگرم - 1 دلار گزارش شد. Manuscript profile
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        671 - مدل سازی مصرف انرژی و بهره وری اقتصادی سیستم های مختلف تولید ماهی با استفاده از شبکه های عصبی مصنوعی
        محمد غلامی پرشکوهی محسن رسولی بابک بهشتی محمد قهدریجانی
        این مطالعه با هدف استفاده از شبکه‌های عصبی مصنوعی (ANN) برای پیش‌بینی انرژی خروجی و شاخص‌های اقتصادی انجام شد. بنابراین داده‌های مربوط به دو سایت پرورش ماهی با استفاده از پرسشنامه، مستقیماً از صاحبان و مدیران سایت و از روی سوابق جمع‌آوری شد. سپس انرژی ورودی و خروجی ماهی More
        این مطالعه با هدف استفاده از شبکه‌های عصبی مصنوعی (ANN) برای پیش‌بینی انرژی خروجی و شاخص‌های اقتصادی انجام شد. بنابراین داده‌های مربوط به دو سایت پرورش ماهی با استفاده از پرسشنامه، مستقیماً از صاحبان و مدیران سایت و از روی سوابق جمع‌آوری شد. سپس انرژی ورودی و خروجی ماهیان سردابی و گرمابی محاسبه شد. مشخص شد که ماهی های سردآبی دارای نسبت انرژی مطلوب (ER) (2.24)، بهره وری انرژی (EP) (0.04 کیلوگرم MJ-1)، انرژی ویژه (SE) (26.83 MJ kg-1) و انرژی خالص هستند. افزایش (NEG) (33222.16 MJ kg-1). با توجه به نتایج، خوراک ماهی و برق دو عامل از نهاده های مصرف انرژی هستند که مدیریت صحیح آنها باعث افزایش بهره وری انرژی می شود. نسبت سود به هزینه برای ماهی های سردآبی (54/1) و ماهی های گرمابی (45/2) مثبت بود. بهره وری ماهیان سردآبی و گرمابی به ترتیب 0.58 کیلوگرم -1 دلار و 0.52 کیلوگرم -1 دلار بود. نتایج ANN ها نشان داد که R2 از 0.947 تا 0.993 به طور کلی، از 0.912 تا 0.964 برای مرحله آموزش و از 0.978 تا 0.980 برای مرحله آزمایش در مورد ماهی های سردآبی متغیر است. در مورد ماهیان گرمابی، این مقادیر به ترتیب 0.885-0.998، 0.923-0.952 و 0.952-0.995 بود. بنابراین، شبکه های عصبی مصنوعی می توانند برای پیش بینی انرژی خروجی و بهره وری اقتصادی استفاده شوند. Manuscript profile
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        672 - ارزیابی شاخص‌های کارایی مصرف آب در دشتهای منتخب استان فارس
        حمیدرضا میرزایی خلیل مهدی اسفندیاری جواد شهرکی مرتضی یعقوبی
        هدف این مطالعه، بررسی شاخص‌های مصرف آب محصولات زراعی و باغی است. داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه و مصاحبه با &nbsp;164 کشاورز و با استفاده از دو روش نمونه گیری هدفمند و نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چندمرحله&nbsp;ای گردآوری شد. در این راستا، شاخص‌های هزینه استخراج آب و بازده ریالی More
        هدف این مطالعه، بررسی شاخص‌های مصرف آب محصولات زراعی و باغی است. داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه و مصاحبه با &nbsp;164 کشاورز و با استفاده از دو روش نمونه گیری هدفمند و نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چندمرحله&nbsp;ای گردآوری شد. در این راستا، شاخص‌های هزینه استخراج آب و بازده ریالی هر متر مکعب آب با دو روش اقتصادسنجی و مدیریتی محاسبه شد. قیمت سایه‌ای و تولید ماده خشک هر متر مکعب آب نیز&nbsp; ارزیابی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین بازده ریالی هر متر مکعب آب&nbsp; 3875.4 ریال و هزینه هر متر مکعب آب چاه معادل 839.3 می‌باشد که چهار برابر بیشتر از ارزش برخی پروژههای توسعه منابع آبی است. در نهایت با توجه به نتایج اصلاح روابط مبادله قیمتی پیشنهاد شده است. در نهایت استفاده از سیاست‌های کنترلی و مشارکت در تامین مالی پروژه‌های تغذیه مصنوعی سفره‌های آب زیرزمینی توصیه می‌شود. Manuscript profile
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        673 - مصرف انرژی در مزارع (مورد مطالعه:دهستان دیره، استان کرمانشاه)
        نشمیل افشارزاده عبدالحمید پاپ زدن سهراب دل انگیزان مهدی اشجعی
        این پژوهش بر میزان مصرف گازوئیل به عنوان یکی از انرژی های تجدیدناپذیر توسط ماشین آلات و پمپ آب کشاورزی در مزارع گندم و ذرت دهستان دیره دراستان کرمانشاه تمرکزکرده است. حجم نمونه در این مطالعه با استفاده از جدول بارتلت تعیین شد. برای انتخاب پاسخ دهندگان، ازروش&shy;های نمو More
        این پژوهش بر میزان مصرف گازوئیل به عنوان یکی از انرژی های تجدیدناپذیر توسط ماشین آلات و پمپ آب کشاورزی در مزارع گندم و ذرت دهستان دیره دراستان کرمانشاه تمرکزکرده است. حجم نمونه در این مطالعه با استفاده از جدول بارتلت تعیین شد. برای انتخاب پاسخ دهندگان، ازروش&shy;های نمونه گیری طبقه ای تصادفی و سرشماری استفاده شد. نمونه&shy;ها مشتمل بر247 کشاورز گندمکار، 235 ذرت&shy;کار و 57 راننده تراکتور بودند که بر مبنای جدول بارتلت انتخاب شدند. رانندگان &nbsp;کمباین و صاحبان پمپ&shy;های دیزلی آبیاری سرشماری شدند (N = 15، N = 48). ابزار گردآوری داده&shy;ها پرسشنامه بود و تحلیل داده&shy;ها توسط نرم افزار SPSS انجام شد. این یافته&shy;ها نشان داد هم در مزارع گندم و هم مزارع ذرت، آماده&shy;سازی خاک بالاترین مصرف گازوئیل را&nbsp; به ترتیب با 49٪ و 37٪ &nbsp;دارا بود. افزون بر این، مقدار گازوئیل مصرف شده در 3600 هکتار مزارع گندم و ذرت دهستان دیره معادل &nbsp;6/403852 لیتر/سال معادل MJ 399،346،15 بود. سوزاندن این مقدار از گازوئیل سالانه حدود 094 ,058,1 کیلوگرم CO2 تولید می&shy;کند. به طور کلی، ماشین آلات کشاورزی، پمپاژ آب و آبیاری برای دو محصول عمده&shy;ی دهستان به نحو گسترده ای وابسته به سوخت&shy;های فسیلی و تجدید ناپذیر است که نتیجه&shy;ی آن انتشار &nbsp;مقدار زیادی&nbsp; CO2 می&shy;باشد. این رو، به نظر می&shy;رسد یک سیاست تهاجمی و نوآورانه&nbsp; برای بازسازی و طراحی مجدد سیستم انرژی در بخش کشاورزی در سطح ملی و محلی مورد نیاز جدی کشوربوده و تغییر پارادایم به کشاورزی پایدار و توسعه انرژی پاک و تجدید پذیر در بخش کشاورزی ایران اجتناب ناپذیر است. Manuscript profile
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        674 - Prioritization of Effective Factors on Electronic Customer Relationship Management in Golestan Gas Company
        Nezareh Kord Parviz Saeidi Roohalla Samiee Samereh Shojaee
        10.30495/msds.2023.1980510.1122
        The purpose of this research is to prioritize effective factors in electronic customer relationship management at Golestan Gas Company. In terms of method, this research is in the field of applied research, which is descriptive survey research. For data analysis, the op More
        The purpose of this research is to prioritize effective factors in electronic customer relationship management at Golestan Gas Company. In terms of method, this research is in the field of applied research, which is descriptive survey research. For data analysis, the opinions of organizational and experimental experts in the field of marketing management have been used. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire has been distributed to the statistical population of employees, experts, and deputies of Golestan Gas Company. Data analysis has been done by experts using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Delphi method using questionnaire tools. Also, the constituent elements of the electronic customer relationship management model have been determined from theoretical literature. The output of this step was to identify 50 components in the form of six main dimensions. The findings showed that the six main dimensions of electronic customer relationship management include communication, electronic, technological, managerial, informational, and driving factors. Manuscript profile
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        675 - Investigating the Effect of the Consumer's Perceived Value of Sustainable Marketing Features on the Willingness to Participate in Packaging Container Recycling
        Saeid Landaran Isfahani Abdolaziz Jamshidi Elham Razzaghi Saied Amirhosiein Afzal
        10.30495/msds.2023.1980038.1121
        Sustainable marketing is one of the marketing innovations that flourished at the same time as environmental protection movements. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of the consumer's perceived value of sustainable marketing characte More
        Sustainable marketing is one of the marketing innovations that flourished at the same time as environmental protection movements. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of the consumer's perceived value of sustainable marketing characteristics (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, testability) on the willingness to participate in the recycling of packaging containers. This research is based on practical purpose and in terms of data collection method, it is descriptive and survey of correlation type. The statistical population includes the customers of a number of fast-food restaurants in Isfahan, and using Cochran's formula, the sample size was estimated to be 384 people. In this research, an available sampling method was used to collect data from a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed by calculating convergent and divergent validity and its reliability through Cronbach's alpha index. In statistical analysis, a structural equation modeling approach and Smart-PLS software have been used. The results showed that relative advantage, complexity, and testability have a significant effect on the perceived value of the consumer, but compatibility does not have a significant effect on the perceived value of the consumer. Also, the perceived value of the consumer has a significant effect on the willingness to participate in the recycling of packaging containers. Relative advantage, complexity, and testability have a significant effect on the willingness to participate in packaging container recycling through the mediating role of consumer perceived value, but compatibility does not have a significant effect on the willingness to participate in packaging container recycling through the mediating role of consumer perceived value. Manuscript profile
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        676 - A study of information flow in the research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education
        Ali Sadeghzadeh Vayghan Mohammad Hassanzadeh
        Purpose: This study aims to identify the status of the input, processing and output of information flow in the research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education and recognize the influencing factors and technical obstacles which mak More
        Purpose: This study aims to identify the status of the input, processing and output of information flow in the research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education and recognize the influencing factors and technical obstacles which make significant decrease in information flow. Methodology: The research is an applied research and survey method was used. The population consisted of research assistants, managers of affiliated research centers, heads of academic library administrators and faculty members in 62 research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. After confirming its validity and reliability, 306 questionnaires were distributed between researchers. Finally, 222 (72/55%) of the questionnaires were returned. Findings: The overall status of information flow in the research centers, in the "collection and use" stage was appropriate and in the "production and storage", and the "dissemination" stages were inappropriate. In the "collection and use" stage, electronic forms were used more than printed formats and in the "production and storage" and the "dissemination" stages, printed forms were used more than electronic forms. Conclusion: The results of the study may be helpful to the managers of research centers in planning to improve the national and international information flow, use of information, skilled manpower and funds to support research. Manuscript profile
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        677 - Scientific articles of Iran and Islamic countries of Middle East indexed in Web of Science (WOS) during 2003-2007
        abdalreza noroozi chakoli mohammad hasanzadeh
        Using library method and comparative analysis, this research deals with evaluating and comparing indexed scientific products of Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia based on WoS during the 5 years between 2003 and 2007. The most important objectives of this r More
        Using library method and comparative analysis, this research deals with evaluating and comparing indexed scientific products of Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia based on WoS during the 5 years between 2003 and 2007. The most important objectives of this research include the comparison of articles of each country regarding &lsquo;variety of language&rsquo;, &lsquo;variety of types of documents&rsquo;, &lsquo;subject areas&rsquo;, &lsquo;participant bodies&rsquo; and &lsquo;number of articles and their growth rate&rsquo;. Moreover, evaluation of ideality of performance of articles of these countries on the basis of the mingled indicator of &ldquo;Average Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in comparison with the Indexed Scientific Products&rdquo; is another issue discussed in this article. The results show that although Iran is placed between Turkey and Egypt regarding its number of articles in WoS, it is placed after these two countries considering its performance of indexed scientific products in WoS. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        678 - Stereological study of changes of testicular tissue in Egyptian Fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) throughout the year
        Farangis Ghassemi Esmat Abas Fard
        Due to importance of bats in ecosystem and the limited information about reproduction of this useful organism, the spermatogenesis of the Egyptian Fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) was studied stereologically in three seasons, spring to autumn, as the first record. For More
        Due to importance of bats in ecosystem and the limited information about reproduction of this useful organism, the spermatogenesis of the Egyptian Fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) was studied stereologically in three seasons, spring to autumn, as the first record. For this purpose, 7 male bats were captured by mistnet in Sangtārashan Cave (Fars- Jahrom ), and transferred to the laboratory at the end of every season. After anesthetization and dissection of bats, their testicles were removed and fixed after measuring. The sections (5&mu;m) were prepared from fixed samples and stained. The volume of studied parameters was determined by using Cavallier method, and seminiferous diameters and testicular cells number were measured with stereo Lite software. Obtained data were analyzed by Kruskal&ndash;Wallis, and compared by Friedman test. According to obtained results, the testicles were in the scrotum out of the body with significant difference of weight and volume in the left and right testis, and the maximum weight (0.7650&plusmn; 0.19g) and volume (862&plusmn; 0.41 mm3) were in spring. The germ cells and many sperm were observed in the lumens in all seasons. The diameter of seminiferous tubule were different (P&lt;0.05) between spring (235/90&plusmn;1.06 &micro;m) and autumn (227.82&plusmn;1.29 &micro;m) were observed. Maximum mean number of spermatocyt (294.6&times;106), sertoli (11.59&times;106) and lydig (39.30&times;106) were estimated in spring and the lowest of them in autumn, but the maximum number of spermatid (284.2 &times;106) were in autumn. According to these results, the peak of sexual activity of this bat species is in spring and summer. Manuscript profile
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        679 - Providing a model of consumer behavior in creating brand attachment with an emphasis on the packaging component: a qualitative study in food industry companies
        maziar ghasemzadeh sangroudi karim hamdi shadan vahabzadeh munshi
        This study aims to provide a model of consumer behavior in creating brand attachment with an emphasis on the packaging component: a qualitative study in food industry companies. In terms of the purpose, the present research is of the type of applied-developmental resear More
        This study aims to provide a model of consumer behavior in creating brand attachment with an emphasis on the packaging component: a qualitative study in food industry companies. In terms of the purpose, the present research is of the type of applied-developmental research and in terms of the data collection method, it is a qualitative research method. In order to select the statistical population in the qualitative part of the research, and to create the components of the final model, the researcher is trying to interview experts and managers and senior experts in the field of food industry companies with 12 experts, the sample size is based on reaching theoretical saturation with 12 The interview was scheduled. The main tool of data collection in the field section includes semi-structured interviews. Qualitative content analysis method and Max.QDA software were used for data analysis. Based on the results of qualitative analysis, three comprehensive categories including packaging, brand attachment and consumer behavior were identified as the main components. Packaging including communication factors, logistic factors, economic factors, environmental factors and social responsibility were identified. In relation to brand attachment, brand loyalty, brand awareness, perceived quality and brand associations were identified. Manuscript profile
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        680 - بررسی تأثیر ایجاد کنجکاوی ناشی از تبلیغات بر رفتار مصرف کننده ورزشی
        مصطفی حیدری هراتمه
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        681 - بررسی تأثیر رفتار فرهنگ بازاریابی کشور میزبان بر سهام سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی
        مصطفی حیدری هراتمه
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        682 - مقوله‌‌های فرهنگی مصرف موسیقی ملی ا‌یران
        پدرام جوادزاده مسعود کوثری محسن عامری شهرابی عطاء الله ابطحی
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        683 - بررسی اثرات نوگرایی و برندگرایی مصرف‌کنندگان بر روی ترجیح برند کالاهای تند‌‌مصرف خارجی
        سینا فرجی سامان شیخ اسماعیلی
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        684 - عوامل اجتماعی- فرهنگی موثر بر سیالیت روابط (مورد مطالعه: دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی یزد)
        زهراسادات مشیر استخاره یاسین خرم‌پور
        Manuscript profile
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        685 - تأثیر سرمایه فرهنگی و عوامل اجتماعی بر سبک خرید مشتریان در فروشگاه تعاونی مصرف اتکا
        عزیز ابراهیمی اشلقی صمد نوروزی
        Manuscript profile
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        686 - بررسی تاثیر سرمایه فرهنگی با نقش میانجی تبلیغات محیطی بر رفتار خرید مصرف کننده (مورد مطالعه: مشتریان کتاب فروشی‌های شهر اصفهان)
        عباس قائدامینی هارونی علی رشیدپور مجید ماهرانی برزانی مهرداد صادقی ده چشمه
        93
        Manuscript profile
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        687 - اثر نقش ادراک و شخصیت مصرف کنندگان بر قصد خرید خودروهای هیبریدی
        الهه طاهری طاهره حسومی
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        688 - تولید دیزل کم گوگرد مطابق استاندارد یورو 5 به‌وسیله هیدروکراکینگ گازوییل خلاء در مقیاس پایلوت
        سپهر صدیقی سید رضا سیف محدثی
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        689 - کاهش مصرف انرژی در واحد تقطیر نفت خام پالایشگاه تبریز با استفاده از تجزیه اکسرژی
        الهام حاجی قاسم شربت دار میراسمعیل معصومی
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        690 - Evaluation of Nature of Fiscal Policy of Iran in Business Cycles
        Zhale Zarei Maryam Hemmati iIlnaz Ebrahimi
        In this research, the nature of Iran's fiscal policy has been evaluated in business cycles in the period of 1999: Q2- 2021:Q1. For this purpose, the specified model of Hristov (2013) has been used, in which adjustments have been applied due to the dependence of Iran's e More
        In this research, the nature of Iran's fiscal policy has been evaluated in business cycles in the period of 1999: Q2- 2021:Q1. For this purpose, the specified model of Hristov (2013) has been used, in which adjustments have been applied due to the dependence of Iran's economy on oil revenues, and the time series of disposable income and consumption of the private sector from the household budget data published by the Iranian Statistics Center. , has been extracted. Also, the VECMX approach has been used to calculate the momentum of expenditures, tax and oil revenues. The results showed that the government spending in periods of economic boom and recession have a positive and significant effect on the growth of private sector consumption, in other words, fiscal policy in Iran is Keynesian in nature. But the intensity of the effects of government expenditure impulses on the growth of private sector consumption e is greater in periods of prosperity than in periods of recession. Also, the number of interruptions in the impact of government expenditure impulses on the growth of private sector consumption is different in the period of prosperity and recession, and this amount is more in the period of recession. In addition, the evaluation of other fiscal policy variables shows that the impulses of tax revenues on the growth of private sector consumption were not significant in business cycles, and the impulses of oil revenues are also positive and significant with four interruptions only in the period of prosperity. Manuscript profile
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        691 - Energy consumption and total factor productivity in Iran's industrial sector
        seyed Ali Emami Seyedyahya abtahi Zohreh Tabatabaienasab Mohamadali Dehghan Tafti
        10.30495/ecomag.2023.706730
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        692 - Survey effect of Good Governance on Economic Growth with respect of Environment and Energy Consumption in Developing countries (with Dynamic Panel)
        vida varahrami
        10.30495/ecomag.2023.706728
        The aim of this paper, is survey effect of good governance indexes on economic growth in developing countries with respect of quality of environment in 2002-2021. Results of estimation of model with dynamic panel model reveals that CO2 emotion, government effectiveness, More
        The aim of this paper, is survey effect of good governance indexes on economic growth in developing countries with respect of quality of environment in 2002-2021. Results of estimation of model with dynamic panel model reveals that CO2 emotion, government effectiveness, energy consumption and rule of law have positive effect on economic growth. In second model, economic growth and energy consumption have positive effect on CO2 emotion and government effectiveness and PAV have negative effect on CO2 emotion.The aim of this paper, is survey effect of good governance indexes on economic growth in developing countries with respect of quality of environment in 2002-2021. Results of estimation of model with dynamic panel model reveals that CO2 emotion, government effectiveness, energy consumption and rule of law have positive effect on economic growth. In second model, economic growth and energy consumption have positive effect on CO2 emotion and government effectiveness and PAV have negative effect on CO2 emotion.The aim of this paper, is survey effect of good governance indexes on economic growth in developing countries with respect of quality of environment in 2002-2021. Results of estimation of model with dynamic panel model reveals that CO2 emotion, government effectiveness, energy consumption and rule of law have positive effect on economic growth. In second model, economic growth and energy consumption have positive effect on CO2 emotion and government effectiveness and PAV have negative effect on CO2 emotion. Manuscript profile
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        693 - Modeling and Comparative Study of the Behavior of Consumption, Production and Investment Sectors in the Money and Capital Markets of Iran
        Fatemeh Masoumi Soureh Mohammadreza Nahidi Amirkhiz AliReza Bafandeh Zendeh Yousof HajiAsghari
        10.30495/ECOMAG.1402.1045583
        Extended Abstract With the view of the existence of different types of markets in every economy and according to the macroeconomic structure of every country, we can mention money and capital markets as the most basic financial markets. In the money market, resources More
        Extended Abstract With the view of the existence of different types of markets in every economy and according to the macroeconomic structure of every country, we can mention money and capital markets as the most basic financial markets. In the money market, resources are lent for a short period, and the most important task of this market is to create facilities for economic units and improve their liquidity. By definition, the money market is a market for trading money and other financial assets that are close substitutes for money that have a maturity of less than one year. In other words, the money market is known as the market of short-term financial instruments with the characteristics of low non-payment risk, liquidity, and high nominal value. The capital market is a market where longer-term bonds (with a maturity of one year or more) and company stocks are traded. Securities that are traded in the capital market (such as stocks and long-term bonds) are more interested in financial intermediaries. Considering that these institutions have a long-term investment horizon and prefer to invest in such long-term bonds. Several variables such as economic growth, investment growth in the production sector, investment growth in the housing sector, consumer price index, people's purchasing power, income and savings changes, employment, liquidity, inflation, exchange rate fluctuations, imports, exports, profit fluctuations, and bank interest. and... can be counted among the internal factors influencing the markets and consequently economic growth and development. One of the most basic goals of economic development is to increase the wealth and welfare of the people of the society. In the meantime, among the issues that can have a fundamental and significant role in the markets, is the behavior of economic variables, whose changes and fluctuations can affect the indices of those markets. Purpose In this research, an attempt has been made to investigate consumption behavior, production and investment, producer index and investor behavior in the years 1357 to 1397, using the Hodrick-Press filter method Methodology For this purpose, in this research, an attempt has been made to investigate the behavior of the consumption, production, and investment sectors in the money and capital markets of Iran. To achieve this goal, the annual data of variables of consumer price index, producer price index, private sector investment in new buildings in urban areas, inflation uncertainty, value of stock transactions and money supply have been used and after examining the behavior of each variable in the form of behavior Consumer consumption, producer production behavior and investor behavior for the years 1357 to 1397 have been investigated using Hodrick-Prescott filtering method, autoregression with distributed lag (ARDL) and vector autoregression (VAR) model. The price index of consumer goods and services is one of the types of price indices that shows the price changes of goods and services that are consumed by households in a period. This variable is expected to affect money and capital markets; Therefore, in this research, the consumer price index was used to evaluate the consumer's consumption behavior, and the producer price index was used to evaluate the producer's production behavior. The producer price index includes all productions (goods and services) in the country in question. The weight of each item is the sales volume (producer's sales) of that item to the total sales volume of items and the change in the price of items is the price of each item in each month compared to the price of the same item in the previous month. In the housing sector, it is expected that an expansionary monetary policy will increase the demand for housing by increasing the amount of money in the asset portfolio. Of course, this depends on various issues. For example, suppose the amount of money increases as a result of an expansionary monetary policy, people will try to buy other assets, such as housing, currency, and stocks, to use the amount of money more. If in that economy, the yield of the housing sector is higher than other assets, or if people in that society are more willing to make long-term investments. In that case, the demand for housing will increase and investors will replace housing with other assets, including stocks and currency. To investigate the behavior of these variables, the Hedrick-Prescott filter provides the unobservable time trend for the time series variable. This filter is used to separate permanent and temporary fluctuations in a time series. The working principle of this filter is based on the separation of fluctuations into permanent fluctuations (supply) and short-term fluctuations (demand). Finding After examining the behavior of the aforementioned variables using Hedrick-Prescott filtering, the results of the ARDL method with a distribution break for the money market showed that in the short term, the variables of consumer consumption behavior, producer production behavior, and investor behavior, and in the long term, all variables with money supply have a relationship But the results of the same method for the capital market show that there is no significant relationship between any of the variables with the value of stock market transactions, both in the short term and in the long term. The results of the VAR model for the money market showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the money supply and the consumer's consumption behavior and the investor's behavior of a previous period, and there is a negative significant relationship between the money supply and the producer's production behavior of a previous period, and the output resulting from this The method for the capital market indicates the existence of a significant negative relationship between the consumption behavior of the consumer, the production behavior of the producer and the behavior of the investor with the value of the stock transactions of a previous period. Conclusion The results of the ARDL method showed that in the long term in the money market, all the considered variables were related to the money supply, which indicates the confirmation of all the considered hypotheses for the money market, but none of the mentioned variables were related to the value of market transactions. Stocks were not related and it shows the rejection of all the hypotheses considered for the capital market. Manuscript profile
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        694 - Dynamic Relationship between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Iran
        Maryam Khoshnevis Asma Shiri Azam Shiri
        The relationship between causation of energy use and economic growth is one of the important issues of energy economy, which has been studied extensively. However, previous studies in Iran have ignored the nonlinear behavior of these two variables, which can be as a res More
        The relationship between causation of energy use and economic growth is one of the important issues of energy economy, which has been studied extensively. However, previous studies in Iran have ignored the nonlinear behavior of these two variables, which can be as a result of structural failures. In this research, the self-monitoring regression model of time parameters with probability fluctuations (TVP-VAR) is used to determine the inter-annual dynamics between the real GDP of Iran (oil, non-oil), electricity consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions in 1972-2014. The results show that the TVP-VAR model is used to study the dynamic relationship between power consumption, real GDP, and greenhouse emissions. In addition, analyzing the successive responses of GDP time, energy consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions to structural shocks suggests that these responses depend on the severity of GDP structural fluctuations, power consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. In fact, the existence of a one-way non-linear relationship has led to economic growth as a result of energy use. This finding means that decision-makers should consider the fluctuations of real GDP, electric shock, greenhouse gas emissions, and the relationship between time-varying patterns of Real GDP, consumption electricity and emissions of greenhouse gases when deciding on energy policies. Manuscript profile
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        695 - تحلیل ارتباط علّی اعتماد برند و تصویر برند با وفاداری مصرف‌کنندگان محصولات ورزشی در شهر یزد
        داوود نصر اصفهانی آرزو سادات وزیری
        Manuscript profile
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        696 - Comparison of the Impact of Human capital index on the consumption of renewable and irreversible energy in Iran
        Fateemeh Zandi Shirin Mirtabatabae
        In the present age, attention to renewable and renewable energies has become of paramount importance. Paying attention to human capital indicators can help the country manage their consumption. The present research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of n More
        In the present age, attention to renewable and renewable energies has become of paramount importance. Paying attention to human capital indicators can help the country manage their consumption. The present research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and method. In this study, the impact of oil prices variables, average electricity prices, human capital, financial development and research and development on the consumption of renewable and irreversible energy in the two independent regression equations in Iran during the period of 1370-1370 was investigated in Iran. The results showed that, according to the model estimation, all the variables of the model on the consumption of renewable energy in the studied years were obtained in a long -term and interpretative long -term. Thus, assuming the constant requirement of other conditions of change in human capital variables, financial development and oil prices and average electricity prices will be reduced by 0.003, 0.002 and 0.005, respectively, Manuscript profile
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        697 - The Investigation of the Relationship between “Status Consumption” and “Social Factors”
        Hossein Vazifehdoust Ali Afshari Houshang Goudarzi
        In this study at first the researchers have examined the status consumption and then they have investigated the relationship between this consumption habit and social factors (considering social comparison information, susceptibility to interpersonal information influ More
        In this study at first the researchers have examined the status consumption and then they have investigated the relationship between this consumption habit and social factors (considering social comparison information, susceptibility to interpersonal information influence, susceptibility to interpersonal normative influences).This study has done among the students of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Branch. The study has also analyzed the findings gathered from 384 samples. To test the hypothesis the researchers have used the spearman correlation coefficient formula and SPSS software. The results of this study show a positive relationship between "attention to social comparison information, susceptibility to interpersonal normative influence" and "status consumption". There is not any relationship between "susceptibility to interpersonal information influence" and&rdquo; status consumption" is another outcome of this research. Manuscript profile
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        698 - Evaluation of the Performance of the Country's Provinces of Consumption Cooperative (Using Linear Programming Method)
        J, Rezaei H. Akrami Z. Rezaei
        In this study, the performance of the country's provinces has been evaluated using linear planning method. For this purpose, using non-parametric technique that is based on mathematical programming methods, and in particular Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), provinces More
        In this study, the performance of the country's provinces has been evaluated using linear planning method. For this purpose, using non-parametric technique that is based on mathematical programming methods, and in particular Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), provinces of the country have been classified and ranked. In this research, according to the input and output of cooperative agencies, taking in 30 provinces in 2009, their efficiency has been evaluated with the assumption of constant and variable return to scale. The results show that considering the first assumption, provinces of Zanjan, North Khorasan, kohkiloyeh and Boyerahmad, Sistan and Baluchestan and Lorestan, have the highest efficiency among the country's provinces. Also, having the second assumption into the account, the provinces of Fars, Khorasan Razavi, Tehran and Qom, Isfahan would be efficient. Finally, regarding the patterns being kohkilouyeh and Boyerahmad and based on the findings of this study can be said that in order to increase efficiency of the non-efficient provinces, kohkilouyeh and Boyerahmad should be considered as the pattern. Manuscript profile
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        699 - The First Correspondences of Mystics; The Maktoobat of Dhul-Nun al-Misri and Junayd of Baghdad
        elaheh Rajabifar bagher sadri niya
        10.30495/mmlq.2021.680947
        One of the lasting legacies of Islamic mystics and Sufi elders is their maktoobat (writings). Maktoobat are letters that mystics and Sufis used often to write to their contemporaries with the aim of expressing their own teachings, advices and mentioning some of the myst More
        One of the lasting legacies of Islamic mystics and Sufi elders is their maktoobat (writings). Maktoobat are letters that mystics and Sufis used often to write to their contemporaries with the aim of expressing their own teachings, advices and mentioning some of the mystical mysteries, theological truths and divine teachings. In other words, maktoobat have long been common among the mystics as a means of teaching, questioning, and answering, and the Sufi elders used letters to express their thoughts. The letters of Dhul-Nun al-Misri and Junayd of Baghdad are the first surviving writings of the pioneers of Islamic mysticism. These letters are among the first-hand sources written in Arabic, with mystical prose and phrases, describing mystical teachings and beliefs. The present article, by using descriptive-analytical method, attempts to analyze the structural and content characteristics of these letters and explore their hidden themes. The results of the research are as follows: compiling a systematic list of scattered correspondences of Dhul-Nun al-Misri and Junayd of Baghdad; providing an analysis of the structure and form of correspondences; explaining the types, elements, styles of writing and contents of the letters; introducing the narrators and the audiences of the letters. Manuscript profile
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        700 - The Relationship between Self-Efficacy, Impulsiveness and Social Skills with Substance Abuse
        Reza Mir Mahdi Narges Karimi
        The present research was conducted to determine the relationship between self-efficacy, impulsiveness and social skills with substance abuse in high school students. 400 male junior high school students were selected by cluster sampling method from 10 schools (40 studen More
        The present research was conducted to determine the relationship between self-efficacy, impulsiveness and social skills with substance abuse in high school students. 400 male junior high school students were selected by cluster sampling method from 10 schools (40 students from each school) in Arak city during the academic year of 2010-2011 and completed the self-efficacy Scale (Sherer, 1982), Impulsiveness Scale (Barrat, 1994), Social Skills Questionnaire (Matson, 1983) and Substance Abuse Checklist (Karimi, 2010). Data analysis was done using the correlation method and both enter and step by step multivariable regression analysis. The results indicated that behavioral impulsivity and lower levels of social skills have meaningful contributions in predicting substance abuse among high school students. Also, behavioral impulsiveness, lower scores of self-efficacy, social skills, and lack of thinking and planning accounted significantly for the vulnerability of students towards substance abuse. Manuscript profile
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        701 - A comparison of substance abuser and non-substance abuser students in relation with personality traits
        Fahimeh Hakima Seyed Ali M. Mousavi
        the purpose of this research was to compare substance abuser and non-substance abuser students in relation to personality traits. Participants were students at Imam Khomeini International University in Ghazvin. Three hundreds and seventy students (172 males,198 females) More
        the purpose of this research was to compare substance abuser and non-substance abuser students in relation to personality traits. Participants were students at Imam Khomeini International University in Ghazvin. Three hundreds and seventy students (172 males,198 females) were selected using stratified random sampling. The participants completed the Rapid Substance Abuse Assessment Questionnaire (Taremian, 2008) and the short form of the NEO Five Factor Inventory (Costa &amp; McCrae, 1992). Using the Rapid Substance Abuse Assessment, the participants were divided into four groups: Non-substance abuser (group 1: n=205), substance abuser (group 2: n=77), former substance abuser (group 3: n=31), and dependents to substance (group 4: n= 33). The results of one-way analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences in conscientiousness, agreeableness and neuroticism between groups. Non-abuser students were more agreeable and conscientious than substance abusers and substance dependents. Non-abuser students had lower scores in neuroticism in comparison with substance dependents. Also, there was no significant difference between the former substance abusers and the other three groups in all of the five factors. Overall, the findings suggest that the personality traits are one of the determinants of students&rsquo; tendencies to substance abuse and dependence. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        702 - The Effects of Drug Abuse Prevention Methods on Sensation Seeking, Mental Security and Attitude toward Substance Abuse among Adolescents
        Daryoush Jalali Gholamreza Manshei Mohammad Mahdi Mazaheri
        this study aimed to compare the effectivenesses of three methods of drug abuse prevention: a) cognitive-behavioral social, b) lecture , and c) short message system on sensation seeking, mental security and attitude toward substance abuse among high school students. One More
        this study aimed to compare the effectivenesses of three methods of drug abuse prevention: a) cognitive-behavioral social, b) lecture , and c) short message system on sensation seeking, mental security and attitude toward substance abuse among high school students. One hundred and ninety two high school students were assigned randomly to four groups (three experimental groups, one control group). Participants completed the Attitude toward Drug Abuse Inventory (Ghorbani, 2001), Sensation Seeking Scale (Zukerman, 1969) and Mental Security Inventory (Maslo, 1952) during pretest, posttest, and follow up phases. The first experimental group received 10 sessions of cognitive-behavioral social group training (2 hours a week), the second experimental group attended 10 lecture sessions and the third experimental group received preventive short messages for 75 days. The results of MANCOVA indicated that the effects of all three preventive methods on sensation seeking, mental security and attitude toward drug were significant. It was also found that the cognitive-behavioral social method was significantly more effective than the other two methods. The follow-up results indicated that the effects of the preventive methods continued after 100 days. Manuscript profile
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        703 - Identity status and drug abuse in university students
        S. Abdolvahab Samavi M. Hosseinchari
        The present study aimed to predict drug abuse on the basis of identity status. 160 male students of Iran Islamic Azad University, branch of Bandar Abbas completed the Persian version of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Survey Questionnaire (Oetting &amp; Beauvaise, 1987) and the More
        The present study aimed to predict drug abuse on the basis of identity status. 160 male students of Iran Islamic Azad University, branch of Bandar Abbas completed the Persian version of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Survey Questionnaire (Oetting &amp; Beauvaise, 1987) and the Revised Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status (Bennion &amp; Adams, 1986) included foreclosed, diffused, achieved and moratorium identities. Multiple regression analyses indicated that the foreclosed and diffused identities were positive predictors of drug abuse. However, the achieved and moratorium identities did not predict drug abuse.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        704 - Fish consumption in Iran and the world
        A. Adeli
        The annual global growth rate of the human population (estimated for 1/3%) is enhancing the demand for provision of individual animal protein to one-third from 70 g daily dietary protein intake. An increasing interest in fish food consumption because of its health benef More
        The annual global growth rate of the human population (estimated for 1/3%) is enhancing the demand for provision of individual animal protein to one-third from 70 g daily dietary protein intake. An increasing interest in fish food consumption because of its health benefits has made seafood products to play an essential role in food basket of Iranian family as like as other parts around the world. Aquaculture growth in Iran and throughout the world has provided a suitable condition to supply nutrition safety for this valuable food source. Now, from a total amount of 78.4 g daily dietary protein intake per capita, 30.7 g is supplied by animal protein from which 5 g is comprised of fish protein. Results obtained during the last half a century indicates that fish consumption growth in Iran has been far more than other parts in the world; however, its consumption rate per capita is much lower. It is noteworthy that fish food consumption growth was higher rather than chicken and red meat consumption growth according to the base year 1965, as Fish per capita consumption can be elevated by different accessibility methods and controlling price and quality. Manuscript profile
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        705 - Comparison of oxygen consumption of three freshwater amphipods, Gammarus loeffleri, G. crinicaudatus, and G. zagrosensis in different salinities
        Z. Zohari M. Zamanpoore A. Vahdati
        Respiration and oxygen consumption in aquatic invertebrates including Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) are affected by osmotic pressure and salinity. This effect was investigated in three species from ecologically different springs in Fars Province. Oxygen consumption wa More
        Respiration and oxygen consumption in aquatic invertebrates including Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) are affected by osmotic pressure and salinity. This effect was investigated in three species from ecologically different springs in Fars Province. Oxygen consumption was measured for 1 hour period in various salinities (2 - 10 ppt) using a dissolved oxygen probe. Results showed significant differences in oxygen consumption in salinities 4 - 10 ppt. Oxygen consumption in all three species increased from salinity 2 - 6 ppt, and decreased with increasing salinity to 8 - 10 ppt. It was also significantly higher in salinities of 6 - 8 ppt in G. crinicaudatus, compared to other species. Regarding salinity differences in the environments of these species, it can be said that G. crinicaudatus has more tolerance and adaptability to salinity increase compared to the other two species. The higher oxygen consumption suggests that 6 ppt salinity was critical for all the three species. These three species have probably derived from a common ancestor diverging in time after geographical isolation of its descendant populations. The difference in their physiological responses could be a reflection of adaptation pressures, particularly osmotic conditions of their environments. Manuscript profile
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        706 - جایگاه و روش‌های جبران خسارت معنوی در حقوق مصر
        حسن اژدری نجادعلی الماسی ایرج پورعرفان
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        707 - اجتماع اسباب از نظر فقه و حقوق ایران و مصر
        مسیب فلاح پور سیدحسن عابدیان سیدمحمد مهدی احمدی احمد مرادخانی
        Manuscript profile
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        708 - The impact of blockchain technology on the role of consumers in the electricity system in the electricity legal system of Iran and the European Union
        mohamad taqi rafiei vahid vazariyan
        10.30495/alr.2022.1940972.2174
        Field and Aims: One of the most important legal issues in the electricity supply chain is how to activate consumers who start producing electricity in the electricity market. At the time of writing, the presence and activity of electricity consumers in the Iranian elect More
        Field and Aims: One of the most important legal issues in the electricity supply chain is how to activate consumers who start producing electricity in the electricity market. At the time of writing, the presence and activity of electricity consumers in the Iranian electricity market has been very passive. Because their role as independent market participants has been flawed or not facilitated. How Blockchain technology can help customers in the lowest position in the electricity supply chain in Iran to have an active presence in the electricity sector as independent market participants? What legal and political consequences will follow the application of blockchain technology in the electricity industry in the country?Method: This research has studied the relevant sources and collected information by descriptive-analytical methodFindings andConclusion: Using emerging technologies such as Blockchain, which uses a peer-to-peer trading method, in addition to activating consumers in the electricity market, the idea of creating an electricity market with the presence of consumers can be pursued. Transactions are now facilitated by third parties, suppliers, and system operators whose primary task is to collect and centralize information about cargo and the production and contracting of supply and distribution services. Instead, blockchain technology provides new ways to organize decentralized people without the immediate need for an intermediary. The use of this technology requires legislative policy in order to validate these technologies, legislative policy in order to implement emerging technologies and implementation policy in order to install and use these technologies by executive agencies. Manuscript profile
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        709 - Lease contract and its relationship with the right of goodwill in the laws of Iran and Egypt
        zakiye soltan alireza lotfi dodran davood andatrz
        10.30495/alr.2022.1949232.2283
        Field and Aims: The current research has been carried out with the subject and purpose of the lease contract and its relationship with the right to goodwill in Iranian and Egyptian laws. In fact, this research aims to show that: goodwill is a type of lease contract and More
        Field and Aims: The current research has been carried out with the subject and purpose of the lease contract and its relationship with the right to goodwill in Iranian and Egyptian laws. In fact, this research aims to show that: goodwill is a type of lease contract and has common characteristics in the laws of Iran and Egypt. As a type of lease contract between lessor and lessee, goodwill has always had dark and ambiguous points in it.Method: The research method is descriptive and analytical.Findings and Conclusion: In Iranian law, goodwill is associated with the lease contract, so if goodwill is transferred to the lessee, the owner does not have the option of renting it to a non-lessee. Also, in the leases subject to the Law of Landlord and Tenant Relations 1376, goodwill does not exist independently of the lease relationship and is a matter that is realized only by the existence of the lease contract; Therefore, if there is no reason for the occurrence of the lease contract; The claim is not required to prepare an official peace document. The characteristics and common characteristics of the lease contract in Iranian and Egyptian law are: exchangeability of the lease contract, consensuality of the lease contract, necessity, temporaryness, gradualness, etc. Manuscript profile
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        710 - A Think on the Fair Internet Disputes Resolution
        Seyyed Kamal Hosseini جواد نیک نژاد
        10.30495/alr.2022.1950354.2268
        Imbalance power between the parties has been a concern for jurists. This power inequality has a variety of reasons, such as the complexity of the issue, previous and frequent acquaintances with similar cases, and the use of competent lawyers and legal advisers. In this More
        Imbalance power between the parties has been a concern for jurists. This power inequality has a variety of reasons, such as the complexity of the issue, previous and frequent acquaintances with similar cases, and the use of competent lawyers and legal advisers. In this study in order to resolve this inequality and imbalance between the parties, attention has been paid to how to apply the principle of due process of law over arbitration in litigation and internet disputes. As a result, due to the lack of free choice and the repetitive role of the actor, this principle requires that the imposition of an arbitration clause be prohibited or restricted before arising disputes as to contracts concluded with consumers. Also, some cases could not be referred to arbitration and should be interpreted in favor of the consumer if there is any ambiguity in the arbitration agreements. The government should provide mechanisms to reduce arbitration costs. The arbitration award must be reasoned and made public. Manuscript profile
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        711 - A Study of the Components of Rural Literature in the Political Novel "yahdoso fi mesr alaan" by Yusuf al-Quaid
        alireza allahbakhshi
        Rural literature in different countries has always been considered as one of the important sub-branches of fiction literature and great authors have written novels in this field. The importance of this branch of fiction in Arab societies is such that a concept called "R More
        Rural literature in different countries has always been considered as one of the important sub-branches of fiction literature and great authors have written novels in this field. The importance of this branch of fiction in Arab societies is such that a concept called "Rural Literature" has a special place as part of the novel writing literature. The impact of this kind of literature on fiction is undeniable. In light of the importance of the issue, the present article, by using social criticism, and also being inspired by the themes of rural life, tries to explain the concept of rural literature, and as an example, to examine the approach of Yusuf al-Quaid (1944 AD) the capable Egyptian writer towards his village and birthplace in the novel "Yahdoso Fi Mesr Alaan".The results of the research indicate that the author, by using the rural environment as a symbol and synecdoche, had depicted in his novel, the social, economic and cultural anomalies of Egyptian society in a realistic way and far from extremism, and has accounted them in a wide range of negative concepts of disparaging views towards villagers, lack of social facilities, poverty, political power and corruption, the abuse of the villagers' feelings, especially their feelings towards relegion, neglecting this stratum and exploiting them for political purposes, by means of promises and populist policies. Manuscript profile
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        712 - خاور دوستی و توجه به شرق در شعر احمد شوقی و محمد تقی بهار
        سکینه مالمیر فیروز حریرچی
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        713 - Analyzing Structural Change between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in the Selected Oil Exporting Countries (1980-2010)
        سید کمیل طیبی zahra zamani mostafa rajabi atyee azimi
        Abstract Energy is known as an important and strategic input among natural resources in which its effect on economic growth is not deniable. A deep investigation of the relationship between energy consumption and growth could help policy makers to conduct effective and More
        Abstract Energy is known as an important and strategic input among natural resources in which its effect on economic growth is not deniable. A deep investigation of the relationship between energy consumption and growth could help policy makers to conduct effective and sustainable policies in the energy section of oil producing and exporting countries. However, this relationship could be volatile sometimes in the presence of structural changes. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate such structural changes between energy consumption and growth to avoid misleading policies in these economies. This study examines any structural change of the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in the selected oil exporting countries, such as Algeria, Colombia, Equator, Indonesia, Malaysia, Norway, Venezuela and Iran, during 1980-2010. This has been done by using co-integration and Chaw tests via a panel data approach. The results confirm a structural change between oil consumption and economic growth in the oil exporting countries during the mentioned period. Manuscript profile
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        714 - Asymmetrical Oil Price Shocks Effects on the Private Consumption and Government expenditure in Iran
        Abolfazl Ghiasvand Masoud Yahoo
        This paper aims to investigate whether an asymmetrical relationship between oil price oscillations and government and private consumption has existed in the past in case of Iranian economy. The data used for this purpose covers the time span of 0231-0231 corresponding More
        This paper aims to investigate whether an asymmetrical relationship between oil price oscillations and government and private consumption has existed in the past in case of Iranian economy. The data used for this purpose covers the time span of 0231-0231 corresponding to 0790-1110. Towards this end three analytical techniques have been use to investigate this hypothesis. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) was used to estimates the parameters coefficients. The result has indicated that coefficients of parameters pertaining to government consumption model have higher value than that of private consumption model, indicating that government consumption is far strongly affected by changes in oil prices. It has been further identified that the establishment of Oil Stabilization Fund in year 1111, did not have any significant bearing on the government and private consumption in the wake of changes in oil prices. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        715 - The impact of oil prices on economic growth and nuclear energy
        M.R Mohamad vand nahidi حامد Ali por
        Oil and nuclear energy as a strategic commodity, is closely linked to economic and political relations.Given the degree of development of countries, the sensitivity will be different for nuclear energy in the country.This article uses econometric techniques with panel d More
        Oil and nuclear energy as a strategic commodity, is closely linked to economic and political relations.Given the degree of development of countries, the sensitivity will be different for nuclear energy in the country.This article uses econometric techniques with panel data approach applying the fixed and random effects model analysis of economic growth and oil prices on Nuclear Energy for 28 countries use of nuclear energy for years 2009-1980. The results show that the economic growth positive and oil prices On the contrarynegatively impact on nuclear energy.The consumer countriesofnuclear energy to replace nuclear energy with the displacement of oil, the two are complementary Manuscript profile
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        716 - The Effect of Financial Development on Energy Consumption by Using the Generalized Method of Moment
        مرتضی خورسندی تیمور محمدی محمد مهدی خزایی عارف بهروز
        Abstract In this study, the effect of financial development has examined on energy consumption by using the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) in two groups of developing countries during 1993-2011 period. The first group includes 14 oil-producing developing countries More
        Abstract In this study, the effect of financial development has examined on energy consumption by using the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) in two groups of developing countries during 1993-2011 period. The first group includes 14 oil-producing developing countries and the second group includes 19 non-oil-producing developing countries. For each group of countries, two separate models were estimated, the first model by using banking sector variable, and the second model estimated by using capital market variable. The results showed that, GDP per capita in the non-oil-producing countries compared with oil-producing countries has a greater positive effect on per capita consumption of energy. The oil-producing price variable compared with the Non-Oil-Producing developing countries has a greater negative effect on per capita consumption of energy. The ratio of domestic credit variable to private sector (% of GDP) in non-oil-producing developing countries 0.02% and in oil-producing developing countries is 0.009 percent .Comparison of the effects of domestic bank credit variable to the private sector ( as a percentage of GDP) on per capita consumption of energy in the two groups of countries reflects the higher efficiency of the banking sector in the non-oil-producing countries .On the other hand, variable rate of turnover of shares traded in the non-oil-producing developing countries is -0.003 percent and in oil-producing developing countries is -0.009 percent .Statistical analysis of the variable of capital market of shares traded in both developing oil-producing and non-oil-producing developing countries also shows that the effect of capital market development in energy consumption in oil-producing developing countries is more negative and smaller than the non-oil-producing developing countries Manuscript profile
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        717 - Household Fuels Use and Related Environmental Policy options (A Case Study of Iran)
        Jamshid Pajooyan Marjan Damankeshide
        Environmental taxes, so called Pigouian or Green tax, are considered as a policy instrument to control pollution. Green taxes are a sort of levies on expenditure and used by government as a fiscal policy tool to prevent pollution activities of any economic agents .in co More
        Environmental taxes, so called Pigouian or Green tax, are considered as a policy instrument to control pollution. Green taxes are a sort of levies on expenditure and used by government as a fiscal policy tool to prevent pollution activities of any economic agents .in contrast to direct and indirect taxes, Green tax has more advantages, for it can provide revenue for government and also can mitigate the negative effect of externalities. As such it renders a two-sided effect on efficiency ground. Towards this ends, the Rotterdam demand system was applied to this study. The findings of this paper indicate that the adoption of green tax policy would encourage the household to substitute other sources of clean energy for fuels use (oil and gas) and hence contribute to environment protection. Manuscript profile
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        718 - مقایسه تطبیقی الگو‌های قیمت‌گذاری دارایی سرمایه‌ای مبتنی بر مصرف در بازار سرمایه ایران(رویکرد رگرسیون دو مرحله‌ای فاما و مکبث)
        صدیقه علیزاده محمد نبی شهیکی تاش رضا روشن
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        719 - A Projection of Energy Consumption in Iranian Agriculture Sector
        ابراهیم عباسی
        Abstract Agriculture productions are dependent to fossil fuels and other energy resources. Any damage in providing energy in agriculture sector has significant effect on its output productivity. Statisticsshow that the total amount of energy consumption in the agricult More
        Abstract Agriculture productions are dependent to fossil fuels and other energy resources. Any damage in providing energy in agriculture sector has significant effect on its output productivity. Statisticsshow that the total amount of energy consumption in the agriculture sectorduring 1370-1388 has increased from 1.33 million barrels of crude oil to 4.43 (equivalent to 1.3 times higher). Petroleum products are the main sources of energy consumed in this sector. Inthis paper, in order to forecast the energy consumption, value added of agriculture sector by anARIMA model has been calculated. Then based on the average energy intensity in existing situation (7.0) andfuture years we forecasted three scenarios for energy consumption (Onefavorable and two unfavorable scenarios) up to 1410.&nbsp; High-energy intensity will create social costs and damages to environmental via emission of greenhouse gases. Subsidy payment to energy consumption has led to vulnerability to environmental problem .Inorder to optimize the energy consumption and reduce its intensity in theagricultural sector different strategies should be considered such as decreased in the use of fossilenergy and using new energies. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        720 - Presenting a model for accepting new technologies and innovations in the field of renewable energy by Iranian consumers with an economic, financial and social approach based on the foundation's data theory
        Fatemeh Shoghi Aghjeh Mashhad Alireza Farrokhbakht Foumani Ali Gholipour Soleimani
        10.30495/fed.2023.700128
        AbstractToday, issues related to energy and its role in the economic and financial development of societies have become a strategic and important category. The use of renewable energy that is available through the technology channel can optimize energy consumption and t More
        AbstractToday, issues related to energy and its role in the economic and financial development of societies have become a strategic and important category. The use of renewable energy that is available through the technology channel can optimize energy consumption and this is possible by accepting innovation and renewable technologies. For this reason, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing a model of acceptance of technology and new innovations in the field of renewable energy by Iranian consumers with an economic, financial and social approach. This research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative research in terms of method. 16 components and 50 indicators of the model were identified through library studies and open and semi-structured interviews with 14 experts in the field of renewable energy and experienced university professors and using the Grounded Theory method and open, axial and selective coding. Among the most important effective factors in the technology acceptance model are participation, technology, price, perceived benefit, financial conditions, and economic, social, and environmental consequences. Manuscript profile
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        721 - The Effect of Energy Price Shocks on Iran's Oil-centric Economy base on New-Keynesian Modeling Method and Using Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Equations
        علی محمدی پور علی سلمانپور زنوز سید فخرالدین فخرحسینی
        10.30495/fed.2021.687923
        Extensive subsidies and excessive energy consumption have necessitated the need to reform consumption pattern and price. The present study seeks to investigate the effects of energy carrier price reform on important macroeconomic variables and for this purpose, a small More
        Extensive subsidies and excessive energy consumption have necessitated the need to reform consumption pattern and price. The present study seeks to investigate the effects of energy carrier price reform on important macroeconomic variables and for this purpose, a small open New-Keynesian DSGE model has been calibrated and simulated for Iran. The results of impulse response functions analysis show that the detrimental effects on household consumption, enterprise investment, non-oil production and total output as a result of positive price shocks in energy carriers can negatively impact Iran's economy for at least 30 periods. A accelerated decline in investment over the course of nine periods and a return to a stable level over 25 periods can also be a crisis. Therefore, the need for complementary policies to encourage investment and counteract price increases, as well as the role of the government in efficient subsidies redistribution and infrastructure investment, can be extremely important. Manuscript profile
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        722 - The role of stock market shocks on macroeconomic variables in the form of dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model
        Yazdan Gudarzi Farahani Babak Esmaili Morvarid Khajeh Vahid Mahboubi Matin
        10.30495/fed.2023.707989
        Abstract The purpose of this paper was to investigate the impact of stock market shock on macroeconomic variables with the approach of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models. For this purpose, the data of the time period 1990-2021 with seasonal frequency More
        Abstract The purpose of this paper was to investigate the impact of stock market shock on macroeconomic variables with the approach of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models. For this purpose, the data of the time period 1990-2021 with seasonal frequency has been used. Modern financial systems usually include financing from the financial assets market in addition to financing the banking sector. The interaction between the stock market and aggregate activity has received much attention in the past decade. In this regard, traditionally, the stock price usually affects the stock market as the discounted current value of the expected stock profits. In this framework, stock prices are influenced by both production (through profits and dividends) and interest rates (through the rate at which future dividends are discounted). In this study, the capital market shock has an effect on the economy through the channel of consumption expenditures of households and investment expenditures of companies. The direct effects of stock price fluctuations on total spending have made the stock capital market known as a leading indicator in the economy. The obtained results indicated that the reaction of macroeconomic variables to the demand shock was more intense than the shock from the supply side, and only the variables of tax revenues and bank facilities showed a negative reaction to the demand shock in the conditions of the supply shock. Also, the amount of employment has shown a positive reaction in response to the shock on the supply and demand side in the capital market Manuscript profile
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        723 - ارتباط بین توسعه مالی، رشد اقتصادی و مصرف انرژی در منتخبی از کشورهای در حال توسعه
        سیده مریم حسینی سعید دائی کریم زاده صادق بختیاری
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        724 - بررسی تأثیر رشد مصرف انرژی هسته‌ای بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای منتخب
        کریم امامی مهناز اکبری
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        725 - Qualitative model of consumer behavior in the of durable goods market (household goods) based on value theory
        Bahman Naghdi Abdollah Naami Naser Azad Mohammad Nasrollahniya
        10.30495/fed.2023.707993
        Abstract The present research aimed at designing an indigenous model of durable goods&rsquo; consumer behavior based on the value theory in a closed economy (under sanctions) using the grounded theory approach. In this regard, in-depth and semi-structured interviews al More
        Abstract The present research aimed at designing an indigenous model of durable goods&rsquo; consumer behavior based on the value theory in a closed economy (under sanctions) using the grounded theory approach. In this regard, in-depth and semi-structured interviews along with targeted and snowball sampling method were employed. The research statistical population included marketing professors and experts as well as household appliances practitioners. Data analysis was undertaken using open, axial and selective coding method. In this way, a paradigm model including 10 main categories, 22 sub-categories, and 116 concepts was designed. Based on the model, shopping values were introduced as consumer behavior&rsquo;s causal factors, cultural and social values along with personal (internal) and external factors were introduced as antecedents. The characteristics of the consumer market were also enumerated as intervening factors with some effects on Iranian consumers&rsquo; behavior. Improvement strategies were considered as ways which result in consumer decapitation phenomenon and consumer loyalty. The present research results can help producers and policy makers to understand Iranian consumer's behavior towards Iran-made durable goods, especially in household appliance industry, and to develop appropriate strategies for managing the market regarding sanctions and import prohibitions. Manuscript profile
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        726 - صنعت حلال
        نازنین هاشمی
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        727 - Obama and the Continuity of America's Foreign Policy toward Egypt
        Mahdi Habibollahi Seyyed Javad Emam Jomeh Zadeh Hosein Masudnia
        Abstract: America relies on more than half a century experiences in dealing with the Middle East, considers Egypt, a key country in the region. In other words, Egypt is the anchor of stability and security to the West especially America, as in the past decade, Washingt More
        Abstract: America relies on more than half a century experiences in dealing with the Middle East, considers Egypt, a key country in the region. In other words, Egypt is the anchor of stability and security to the West especially America, as in the past decade, Washington and Cairo have close and continuous cooperation to meet common strategic interests in the Middle East. With the Arab Spring developments and overthrow of Mubarak, America's policy toward Egypt was faced with challenges. However, the United States has tried to manage these developments, and Obama administration, regardless the type of Egyptian government, maintained its continuous relationship with this key Middle East country. Despite widespread developments after the Arab Spring in Egypt, the United States maintained the same policy aims from its relationship with Egypt. What are the reasons for the continuation of US foreign policy towards Egypt, especially under Obama's presidency? This research by using descriptive and analytical method and with the use of library and internet resources intends to study and explore the reasons for the continuation of relations between the two countries. Manuscript profile
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        728 - نقش تبلیغات رسانه‌ا‌ی در الگوی مصرف مراجعه‌کنندگان فروشگاه‌های شهروند در تهران
        محمد خانباشی غلامرضا بستان منش
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        729 - بررسی دیدگاههای اساتید علوم اجتماعی نسبت به نقش رسانه‌های دیداری (تلویزیون، ماهواره و اینترنت) در فرآیند جهانی شدن با تأکید بر سیاست‌های فرهنگی ایران
        سید وحید عقیلی .... دلاور هانیه برادران
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        730 - (
        سید وحید عقیلی مینا محمدی پور
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        731 - مطالعه پیرامون شیوه ها و سبکهای نوین تاثیر تبلیغات تجاری تلویزیون بر رفتار مصرفی زنان شمال و جنوب تهران
        علی گرانمایه پور
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        732 - بررسی تطیبقی مصرف رسانه ای و بیگانگی فرهنگی‌- اجتماعی درمیان دنشجویان دانشکده روانشناسی وعلوم اجتماعی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکز
        علی گرانمایه پور
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        733 - Presenting the sociological model of the implementation of resistance economy policies in the Islamic Republic of Iran between 1400-1392
        Amir Hatamifar Hassan Kheiri Ali Shirkhani
        This research was conducted with the aim of providing a sociological model of the implementation of resistance economy policies in the Republic of Iran between 1400-1392 and the main method of the current research is the survey method, which collects data with the help More
        This research was conducted with the aim of providing a sociological model of the implementation of resistance economy policies in the Republic of Iran between 1400-1392 and the main method of the current research is the survey method, which collects data with the help of a questionnaire and analyzes it with the help of SPSS, PLS and Various statistics have been made. The statistical population of this research in the quantitative part, in the quantitative part, the statistical population includes 130 former and current professors and experts of sociology and economics of the universities of Qom, to select research samples in the quantitative stage, a simple random sampling method was used. In this part, because the sample size is limited, the statistical population is the same as the sample. ; And the findings of the research indicate that the main components of fit are the modification of the consumption pattern, lifestyle change, economic culture change, anti-corruption, people-centeredness and the role of the media, also considering the positivity of the lower and upper limits of the distance. The reliability (greater than the average) of all 6 indicators used in the report, it can be concluded that according to the respondents, these 6 are properly developed in the model process and are currently in a favorable condition. Based on the identified factors and indicators based on interviews and confirmatory factor analysis of the presented conceptual model, all 6 factors are approved and it Manuscript profile
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        734 - Model presentation for developing brand-consumer relationships in the hotel industry based on Grounded Theory
        hamid alizadeh Bahram kheiri Seyed Abbas Heydari
        The present study aims to provide a model for developing brand-consumer relationships in the hotel industry based on the data theory of the foundation. The research method is qualitative and based on data theory of the foundation. Semi-structured interviews were used to More
        The present study aims to provide a model for developing brand-consumer relationships in the hotel industry based on the data theory of the foundation. The research method is qualitative and based on data theory of the foundation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and data analysis was performed by Strauss and Corbin method and paradigm model. Sampling was theoretical sampling method and was done using targeted (judgmental) techniques. According to the systematic model of the data theory of the foundation, experts and managers with experience in the hotel industry were selected for the statistical community. The results of analyzing the data obtained from the interviews during the open, pivotal and selective coding process led to the creation of a brand-consumer relationship model in the hotel industry. Finally, a model for brand-consumer relations in the hotel industry was identified. The findings of this study indicate that in order to develop brand-consumer relationships in the hotel industry, managers should pay close attention to all categories and subcategories identified in this study and have the necessary and sufficient information about each of them. Research shows the need to pay attention to brand-consumer relationships in the hotel industry. Manuscript profile
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        735 - Exploring the Demographic Differences of Consumers with Different Decision-Making Styles Regarding the Purchase Behavior of Sunich Juices
        Samira Ghashghayi Ghasem Bakhshandeh Roya Avalin chaharsoughi Zahra Hosseini
        Abstract Studying different decision-making styles in different groups helps to better understand the market because when customers are well characterized, we can better help them to make a purchase. The present research explored Sproles and Kendall&rsquo;s eight decisi More
        Abstract Studying different decision-making styles in different groups helps to better understand the market because when customers are well characterized, we can better help them to make a purchase. The present research explored Sproles and Kendall&rsquo;s eight decision-making styles of consumers (perfectionist and high-quality conscious, novelty-fashion conscious, brand conscious, price conscious, recreational and hedonistic conscious, confused by over choice, impulsive and careless, and habitual and brand loyal) with different demographic characteristics (gender, age, marital status, education, occupation, income, and household size). In this regard, the data of 530 consumers (selected by the convenience sampling method) of Sunich juices in Khuzestan province were collected. Afterward, the data were analyzed by ANOVA and T-test using SPSS software. The results revealed the demographic differences of consumers with different decision-making styles. Finally, the discussion and practical suggestions were presented based on the findings. Keywords: Decision-making style, Consumer behavior, Demographic differences, Sproles and Kendall model Manuscript profile
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        736 - Design of Conceptual Model for product disposition with repertory grid
        hamed ghobakhloo elham faridchehr mahmood Ahmadi sharif nader gharib navaz
        Once the products are used up, the next step is to decide how to dispose them. Reuse, repair, reconstruction, recycling, etc. are different disposal options that the consumer will face. Therefore, disposing the acquired product is a fundamental part of the consumer deci More
        Once the products are used up, the next step is to decide how to dispose them. Reuse, repair, reconstruction, recycling, etc. are different disposal options that the consumer will face. Therefore, disposing the acquired product is a fundamental part of the consumer decision-making process. knowing the consumer behavior in disposing of products will have good consequences for the consumer, business, community and environment. in this research, which is a basic research, an attempt has been made to explain all the factors affecting the disposal of goods by explaining the qualitative method of repertory grid Purposeful sampling and interviews with 20 experts in this field, a conceptual model was presented. From the results of the repertory grid approach, 229 structures were obtained. Finally, using hierarchical clustering statistical method and experts' opinion, the total structures are divided into 10 clusters. (situational factors, psychological factors, attribution theory, desire for innovation, purchase intention, disposal channel, storage tendency, social factors, economic factors, 4p marketing). Manuscript profile
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        737 - Impending of brand equity aspects on creat customers satisfaction and loyalti
        Milad Farzin Majid Fani Marzieh Sadeghi
        The purpose of this study is "the effect of brand equity on consumer satisfaction and brand loyalty in Wood &amp; Paper industry of the Mazandaran Province ". The research method used in this study is descriptive and correlational-structural equation modeling(SEM) techn More
        The purpose of this study is "the effect of brand equity on consumer satisfaction and brand loyalty in Wood &amp; Paper industry of the Mazandaran Province ". The research method used in this study is descriptive and correlational-structural equation modeling(SEM) technique. Statistical population of this study is all consumers of Wood &amp; Paper industry of the Mazandaran Province that is unlimited their number. 384 samples are selected based on Cochran formula. The data collection tool is a standard questionnaire, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient test is used to assess the reliability. The obtained alpha equals to 0.862 which represents the reliability of questionnaire design. Finally, the data set is analyzed using LISREL software. The results show that there is a significant and positive effect between dimensions of brand equity with consumer satisfaction (except, employee behavior and brand awareness) and brand loyalty (except ideal self- image and brand identity), and customer satisfaction will have a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty, too Manuscript profile
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        738 - Presenting the Postmodern Organizational Distinction Model on Consumer Self-Concept
        samira gharib garkani Behrooz Ghasemi Soheil Sarmad Saidy
        Nowadayes, consumers use consumption as a means of creating self-consept to express their identity in the social environment through the services they consume. For these consumers value cultural and symbolic are more important. The purpose of this study is to extract th More
        Nowadayes, consumers use consumption as a means of creating self-consept to express their identity in the social environment through the services they consume. For these consumers value cultural and symbolic are more important. The purpose of this study is to extract the main indicators of differentiation in the banking industry in order to present the impact of marketing plans on consumers' self-concept as a model. the qualitative data were collected from interviews with experts and then, for validation of the model, the questionnaire field data was collected from clients of Mellat Bank Tehran branches. The method of data analysis in qualitative part is based on coding and on quantitative part is used some statistical software(SPSS, Lisrel and Smart PLS). The model test shows that the direct effect and power of the relationship between postmodern organization differentiation variables on customer self-concept was calculated 0.552 which is positive and significant. Therefore,with 95% confidence can be said that differentiating postmodern organizations has a significant impact on consumers' self-concept. Manuscript profile
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        739 - Ranking of personal factors affecting insurance purchase Postponement
        EHSAN MOHSENZADEHSHARIFI Leila Andervazh Ebrahim albonaiemi
        The main purpose of this study was to identify and rank factors affecting insurance purchase postponement that have been proposed in the theoretical literature of procrastination. To this end, the factors identified in the background were reviewed by insurance industry More
        The main purpose of this study was to identify and rank factors affecting insurance purchase postponement that have been proposed in the theoretical literature of procrastination. To this end, the factors identified in the background were reviewed by insurance industry experts, and 20 of those factors were categorized into four groups. they include demographic, psychological, skill, and attitude factors. Afterward, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 46 insurance industry executives, experts, and university professors. The data was analyzed using the group analytic hierarchy process (GAHP). Findings show that psychological, attitude, skill, and demographic factors had the most influence on the procrastination behavior of insurance customers. After measuring the final weight of factors, it was observed that laziness, weakness of insurance knowledge, negative experience in insurance purchase, distrust of insurance companies, depression, low responsibility, suicidal behaviors, well-being, age, and social status had the most important roles in the insurance purchase procrastination. Manuscript profile
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        740 - Development of a conceptual model for the perception of product safety in home appliances consumers (Case study: home appliances consumers in Mashhad)
        saeed ahmadian seyed kamran Nourbakhsh Ghasemali Bazayee Seyed Abbas Heydari
        Product safety affects the health of the citizens of a society and improves the quality of their life. Accordingly, the current study presents a conceptual model for the perception of product safety in home appliance consumers. The research orientation is descriptive-an More
        Product safety affects the health of the citizens of a society and improves the quality of their life. Accordingly, the current study presents a conceptual model for the perception of product safety in home appliance consumers. The research orientation is descriptive-analytical, using a mixed-method approach. In this research, content analysis, interpretive structural modeling technique, structural equations using partial minimum squares were employed. Data library research and exploratory interviews, questionnaires were used. In the cognitive and design phases were statistical population Experts and In evaluation, phase home appliances consumers in Mashhad. Theoretical and convenience sampling methods were employed in this study. The Validity through content Validity, partial minimum squares was measured. Reliability obtained test-retest reliability, intercoder reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, Combined reliability were evaluated. The model of perception of safety for home appliance consumers was accepted with 95% reliability. Designing a conceptual model based on a comprehensive set of significant factors develops the theoretical literature in this field; it presents valuable results for academicians, marketing managers, and producers. Manuscript profile
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        741 - The effects of the type of personality in consumers purchasing power in inflationary condition of the cosmetics industry(pakshoo company case study)
        shiva eslami Naser Shams ghareneh Asal Aghaz
        In this study, a descriptive-survey method was used to collect some data and information and a questionnaire was used to assess the personality type of individuals. Research data were statistically analyzed by Spearman test (inferential analysis) and Yuman-Whitney two-f More
        In this study, a descriptive-survey method was used to collect some data and information and a questionnaire was used to assess the personality type of individuals. Research data were statistically analyzed by Spearman test (inferential analysis) and Yuman-Whitney two-factor test in SPSS software. Research hypotheses indicate that the type of personality type of income deciles has a significant effect on their purchasing power and there is also a positive and significant relationship between income and purchasing power of income deciles. According to the analysis of data and statistical tests, during the years 1395 to 1399, among the 4 hypotheses of the relationship between consumer personality types and their purchase, the fourth hypothesis is confirmed and also a significant relationship between the income of income deciles and their purchase It was confirmed despite the increase in inflation in 1997 and 1998.It was found that there is a significant relationship between the amount of purchase and the type of judgmental-perceptual personality type in consumers of health and cosmetics. Manuscript profile
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        742 - Identify the factors affecting consumer behavior through social media
        masomeh jalilian Hossein Safarzadeh seyyed kamran nourbakhsh
        Today, social media has become a new and important skill for everyone. The access of millions of users to the media has made these media the focus of modern societies and businesses and has gained considerable popularity. Proper knowledge of these media makes marketers More
        Today, social media has become a new and important skill for everyone. The access of millions of users to the media has made these media the focus of modern societies and businesses and has gained considerable popularity. Proper knowledge of these media makes marketers more than ever Be able to use these tools effectively and efficiently. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of social media on consumer behavior (Case study: clothing industry in Iran). The research method is descriptive-survey and in terms of practical purpose and sampling method is available and a researcher-made online questionnaire has been used. The statistical population of media users and consumers in Tehran with a sample size of 384 people was considered. Data analysis was performed at two levels of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using SPSS 22 and Smart PLS 2.0 software. The results showed that the variables identified in the model have validity and the value of matching fit indicators is strong and indicates the high quality of the model. Manuscript profile
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        743 - The role of decision priority and performance risk in the impact of consumer empowerment on repurchase intent
        leila jalali mojtaba moazzami
        The purpose of the present study is the role of decision-making priority and performance risk in the impact of consumer empowerment on the intention to repurchase customers. The research method is survey in nature and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical populat More
        The purpose of the present study is the role of decision-making priority and performance risk in the impact of consumer empowerment on the intention to repurchase customers. The research method is survey in nature and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study is the customers of Asian insurance branches in Mazandaran province. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula 384 people and was selected by available sampling method. To collect data from valid Spritzer (1995) perceived self-efficacy questionnaires. Chandran and Morowitz (2005) Controlled Ability, Perceived Functional Risk of Nepomosno et al. (2014), Andy et al. (1989) Decision Priority, and Diallo (2012) Repurchase Intention were used. Validity and Reliability of Questionnaires by Expert Professors And Cronbach's alpha coefficient test was confirmed. To confirm the type of statistical method, ks test was used and in order to analyze the data, the structural equation technique was used using Lisrel statistical software and Spss statistical software. The results showed priority. Decisions mediate the effect of perceived self-efficacy and perceived control over customers' intention to repurchase. Functional risk plays a moderating role in the effect of perceived self-efficacy on repurchase intention and customer decision-making priority. Manuscript profile
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        744 - Effect of customer experience on revisit intention to FMCG industries with consideration of loyalty, hedonic values and brand equity.
        faezeh mohammadi sina nematizadeh seyed abbas heydari hossein safarzadeh
        This research is carried out in order to investigate the effect of customer experience on his revisit intention with respect to hedonic values, loyalty and brand equity in FMCG food industries.In view of quantitative approach, descriptive and surveying strategy and in t More
        This research is carried out in order to investigate the effect of customer experience on his revisit intention with respect to hedonic values, loyalty and brand equity in FMCG food industries.In view of quantitative approach, descriptive and surveying strategy and in terms of propose, this is a practical research. Target group of this research are selected from customers of restaurants and cofes complex, Mitzone, Meat house and steak house in Tehran. In this study, based on Cochran formula for unlimited society, the sample size was 348 people. Simple random sampling are selected and data analysis has been done by structural equation modeling method.Result of research shows that pleasant experience increased costumer revisit-intention, also in this regard parameters such as loyalty, brand equity and hedonic values as intermediary parameters also affect costumer revisit intention accordingly. According to the results, it can be said that through these three variables, a pleasant experience is a more accurate factor to increase the intention of customers to return. Manuscript profile
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        745 - Designing an Export Marketing Model Considering the Consumer Behavior of Food Products (Case Study: Nuts and Nuts)
        Masih Moghri Golnar Shojaei Baghini
        Abstract The purpose of this study is to design an export marketing model according to the behavior of food consumers (case study: nuts and dried fruits). The research community is the managers and experts of commercial companies. The research is of applied type and has More
        Abstract The purpose of this study is to design an export marketing model according to the behavior of food consumers (case study: nuts and dried fruits). The research community is the managers and experts of commercial companies. The research is of applied type and has been evaluated qualitatively-quantitatively. The components have been identified through the research literature and we have used the Delphi technique to screen the components. The Delphi technique has been performed in 3 rounds by experts working in the field of export. In the second step, we used the ISM (structural-interpretive) technique to level the components and identify the effective components. The results of the research indicate that in the first step, according to the Delphi technique in the export marketing model, 13 components have been approved by experts. In the second step in the structural-interpretive technique, the components are placed on 4 levels. According to the dependence-influence analysis, the components of creativity and innovation and attention to the quality of production have been identified as the most influential component and the key component in the export marketing model. Manuscript profile
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        746 - Behavior model of customers of luxury goods in the gold market: a qualitative study
        saghar zarinkamar azam rahiminik Seyyed Abbas Heidari
        The purpose of this research is the behavior model of buyers of luxury goods in the gold market. In this regard, while reviewing concepts such as the behavior of buyers, luxury goods and the gold market, by interviewing experts and professors in the field of luxury and More
        The purpose of this research is the behavior model of buyers of luxury goods in the gold market. In this regard, while reviewing concepts such as the behavior of buyers, luxury goods and the gold market, by interviewing experts and professors in the field of luxury and gold industry, as well as marketing, the pattern of the behavior of buyers of luxury goods in the gold market was presented using the method of qualitative analysis. The study population includes all experts and professors in the field of luxury and gold marketing. The sample size includes 10 experts in the field of luxury and gold marketing, which was selected by theoretical saturation method. Semi-structured interview and Delphi method were used to collect data in this research. The results of qualitative theme analysis by Max Kyoda software showed that the components of the behavior model of buyers of luxury goods with a focus on the gold market include: 1- social factors, 2- cultural factors, 3- individual factors, 4- economic factors 5- Consumer attitude, 6- Consumption motivation, 7- Value, 8-Experience, 9 Awareness and 10-Consumer behavior. Moreover, 65 indicators for these components were finally approved by experts. Manuscript profile
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        747 - Development and explanation of dimensions of social media marketing persuasive messages on customers' purchase intention
        fatemeh khajehfini, Mohammad Reza Hamidizadeh Abdollah Naami Fataneh Alizadeh Meshkani
        Considering that knowing the systematic and irregular tendency of customers to consume in the world is one of the important and fundamental conditions for boosting the business environment and achieving the development of companies; The purpose of this research is to de More
        Considering that knowing the systematic and irregular tendency of customers to consume in the world is one of the important and fundamental conditions for boosting the business environment and achieving the development of companies; The purpose of this research is to develop and explain the dimensions of persuasive messages in the context of social media marketing on the customers purchase intention. This research is applied in terms of purpose, from the point of view of the research method, it is a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative part of the research, according to the experts of the consumer goods market, it was used to design the initial framework of the research, and then in the quantitative part, in the quantitative part, in the field and based on the questionnaire obtained from the qualitative part of the customers and consumers of the survey was carried out. The statistical population of this research is all the customers of food stores in Tehran, and its sample is 302 customers who, at the time of data collection, intended to suddenly buy food from the store. The data collection tool is a questionnaire and Smart PLS software was used for data analysis. Manuscript profile
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        748 - بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر رفتاربدبینانه(منفی) مصرف کنندگان
        بهرام خیری مولود سادات فرازنده مهر حامد رضی پور
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        749 - بررسی واکنش مصرف کننده در برابر استراتژی گسترش برند
        بهرام خیری محمد سعید زمانی
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        750 - تعیین ارتباط بین تصویر ذهنی از فروشگاه، رضایت مصرف کننده از خرده فروشی بر تبلیغات شفاهی مثبت(مطالعه موردی: مشتریان فروشگاه های شهروند)
        پوریا حافظ تقوا حسن اسماعیل پور
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        751 - مطالعه نقش اعضای خانواده در تصمیم‌گیری برای خرید کالاهای مصرفی با دوام
        سیدرضا سیدجوادین منصور صمدی بهمن نقدی
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        752 - بررسی تاثیر تبلیغات رسانه تلویزیونی بر قصد خرید مجدد مشتریان با میانجی گری متغییرهای رفتار شناختی
        هادی شفیعی حسن صفرنیا علی ملاحسینی
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        753 - تأثیر عملکرد اداره کل اموال دولتی و اوراق بهادار
        محمود دهگان حسن الماسی منوچهر رحم دل
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        754 - بررسی ارتباط سبک های تصمیم گیری مصرف کنندگان با خرید نوشیدنی های گازدار (مورد مطالعه: فروشگاه های زنجیره ای رفاه استان گیلان)
        هرمز مهرانی منصوره صادقی
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        755 - بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر وفاداری مشتریان به مجتمع‌های تجاری
        اسداله کردنائیج حسین ممبینی علیرضا بخشی زاده مهدی جهانی
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        756 - تأثیر تبلیغات در شبکه‌های اجتماعی بر قصد خرید در صنعت کالاهای تند‌گردش
        احسانه نژاد محمد نامقی نصرت اله شادنوش داریوش غفاری
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        757 - بررسی تأثیرات بازاریابی اخلاقی بر ترجیحات مشتریان در انتخاب بانک ملت و اثر این انتخاب بر سهم بازار بانک ملت
        میرمهران تقوی خانقاه
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        758 - بررسی تأثیر ابعاد گوناگون هدیه تبلیغاتی برقصد خرید (مورد مطالعه؛ برندهای سامسونگ، اسنوا، اپل و دل)
        مصطفی قاضی زاده ناصر یزدانی مرضیه مصطفایی
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        759 - بررسی تأثیر دانش و روابط برند بر تصمیم‌های خریدهای جاری و آتی مشتریان مواد غذایی (مورد مطالعه: شرکت مینو)
        کامران نوربخش روح‌الله طاهری حامد قباخلو
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        760 - تأثیر مدگرایی بر رفتار خرید تفننی در میان دانشجویان
        کامبیز حیدرزاده بیتاالله اکبری مقدم مولود بکتاشی
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        761 - بررسی تاثیر ارزش ادراک‌شده برند، درگیری مصرف‌کننده و رضایت مشتری بر وفاداری مشتری در صنعت بیمه (مطالعه موردی: مشتریان بیمه سامان)
        جمشید صالحی صدقیانی فاطمه قاسم زاده گوری شایان بختیاری
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        762 - عوامل موثر بر خصومت پایدار و موقت مصرف کنندگان ایرانی در قبال کشورهای عربی و پیامد آن بر قضاوت نسبت به کیفیت و تمایل به خرید محصولات خارجی
        بهنام شاهنگیان محمد علی عبدالوند محسن خون سیاوش
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        763 - عوامل جذابیت محصول و تأثیر آن بر رفتار مشتری
        سینا نعمتی زاده محمدجواد سراجی
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        764 - خودشیفتگی و زوال سوژگی؛ تحلیل سوءمصرف تریاک در ایران و نگاهی به تاریخ آن
        سارا رحیمی ریحانه اصلان زاده
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        765 - Structural Model of Tendency to Substance Abuse in Satellite Personnel of West Iran Oil and Gas Exploitation Company: Assessing the Direct and Indirect Effects of Individual, Occupational and Social Factors
        raed parvaz keivan kakabraee karim afsharinya
        10.30495/hpsbjourna.2023.1952003.1065
        The tendency to Substance abuse is considered one of the most important causes of personal, social and occupational trauma is in health psychology, which is constantly receiving the attention of researchers. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing stru More
        The tendency to Substance abuse is considered one of the most important causes of personal, social and occupational trauma is in health psychology, which is constantly receiving the attention of researchers. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing structural model of tendency to substance abuse with assessing the direct and indirect effects of individual, occupational and social factors in satellite personnel of West Iran Oil And Gas Exploitation Company. The method of the current research was correlation and the statistical population of this research included satellite personnel of the West Country Oil And Gas Exploitation Company. The statistical sample was selected through random stratified sampling of 384 people and completed individual, occupational, social and substance abuse questionnaires.The results showed that personal, occupational and social patterns are directly related to substance abuse. Also, other results of this research showed that social patterns play a mediating role between individual and occupational patterns with a tendency to substance abuse. So, it seems that individual, social and occupational patterns are a set of basic abilities that explain the tendency to abuse drugs in different social environments, including satellite work, with their direct or indirect effects.Key words: Individual factors, social factors, job factors, substance abuse tendency Manuscript profile
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        766 - Predicting the tendency to smoke based on control perception by risk perception
        fateme zarei afsane taheri Nastaran Sharify
        10.30495/hpsbjourna.2023.1958752.1093
        AbstractSmoking is one of the serious threats to health and one of the main causes of death worldwide. The current research is descriptive and correlational and its statistical population included all 45,000 employees of Tehran Municipality who were working and serving More
        AbstractSmoking is one of the serious threats to health and one of the main causes of death worldwide. The current research is descriptive and correlational and its statistical population included all 45,000 employees of Tehran Municipality who were working and serving in 2019, and 215 people were selected as the sample population using cluster sampling method.. To collect research data from the smoking tendency questionnaire of Shur et al. (2000), the cognitive evaluation questionnaire of high-risk incidents from Froom et al. (1997), and the cognitive control questionnaire of Tetrick and Laraco (1987) and for the purpose of statistical analysis of the data. The structural equation analysis method was used. According to the results, the proposed model for predicting the tendency to smoke based on perceptual control with the mediation of risk perception had sufficient fit. Risk perception had a partial mediating role in relation to cognitive control and tendency to smoke.Findings: Based on the results obtained in this study, it is possible to reduce the tendency to smoke by helping people to have perceptual control and also to increase risk perception Manuscript profile
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        767 - بررسی عوامل اجتماعی و فرهنگی مرتبط با ترجیحات مصرفی در بین خانواده های شهر تبریز 
        robabeh pourjebeli leila abdolahi
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        768 - مدیریت بدن و عوامل اجتماعی مرتبط با آن(مطالعه موردی زنان 19 تا 44 سال شهر ایلام)
        heshmat ghobadi
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        769 - Cultural capital and consumption of modern and traditional food
        Bijan Khaje Noori Masoud Kochani Esfahani
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        770 - Study of the religious life style of citizens of 15-65 years old in Tehran and its related factors
        kamal kohi mohamad abaszadeh
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        771 - Studying the effect of some demographic features on the media consumption among the employed women in Tehran
        Alireza Manzari Farahnaz Gandforosh Armin Amir
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        772 - آثار و عوارض اجتماعی و روانی سوء‌مصرف اینترنت به مثابه رفتاری پرخطر در محیط‌های دانشجویی کشورمورد مطالعه: دانشجویان دانشگاه اصفهان
        alireza mohsenitabrizi ladan hoveida
        Manuscript profile
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        773 - الگوی خانواده و سبک زندگی جنسیّتی
        mahbobe babaei
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        774 - بررسی نقش پایگاه اقتصادی ـ اجتماعی در مصرف کالاهای فرهنگی (شهر زنجان
        dr.robabeh purjabli abas khalili
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        775 - مصرف رسانه ای و سبک زندگی(مطالعه ای در بین شهروندان شهر تنکابن
        dr.fardin alikhah elnaz rostami
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        776 - بررسی رابطه بین سبک وشیوه زندگی با فرهنگ مصرف و مصرف گرایی  
        hormoz mohamadpurlima dr.alireza pursheykhian roghayeh azimi khanghah
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        777 - Investigate the Relationship between the Media Advertisementsand the Consumer Confidence (Case Study: Citizens over 18 Years in Ardabil)
        ali jafari Mahdieh Bakhshi
        This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the media advertisements and the consumer confidence (Case study: citizens over 18 years in Ardabil) took place. The purpose of applied research and data collection methodology is survey. The population of this st More
        This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the media advertisements and the consumer confidence (Case study: citizens over 18 years in Ardabil) took place. The purpose of applied research and data collection methodology is survey. The population of this study all citizens over 18 years In the city of Ardabil. To determine the sample size Cochran formula Was used and the sample was estimated 384 people. The sampling Is multistage cluster. In order to collect the required data, the Questionnaire was used. Data processing and SPSS software. Is analyzed. For analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient Used. The results showed that the mass media with There is a significant positive relationship between the level of consumer confidence. Also, the Product placements provincial TV, radio advertising products in the province, Advertising products in social networks and advertising products in the local press There is a significant positive relationship between the level of consumer confidence, but between the Web sites advertising products in conjunction with consumer confidence Not significant. Manuscript profile
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        778 - The relationship between cultural consumption and social health (case study :Tehranian citizens 15-65 aged )
        akram doosti Abdolreza Adhmi Shahla kazemipoursabat
        The relationship between cultural consumption and social health (case study: Tehranian citizens 15-65 aged) Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cultural consumption and social health. The research method, survey and data gathe More
        The relationship between cultural consumption and social health (case study: Tehranian citizens 15-65 aged) Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cultural consumption and social health. The research method, survey and data gathering tool were a questionnaire. By Using the Cochran formula, 384 citizens of 15 to 65 Tehranians were selected by convenience sampling. To assess the research tools, formal validity and reliability of Cronbach's alpha were used. To test the hypothesis, Pearson correlation coefficient was used. Results showed; There is a significant and positive correlation between the daily study and the social health of respondents (sig=0/000, r=0/729). There is a significant and positive correlation between the art leisure and the social health of respondents (sig=0/000 , r=0/779). There is a significant and positive correlation between the media consumption and the social health of respondents (sig=0/000 , r=0/729). Finally, there is a significant and positive correlation between cultural consumption and social health of respondents (sig=0/010 , r=0/639). Keywords: Cultural consumption, social health, leisure time, media consumption Manuscript profile
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        779 - A Qualitative study Backgrounds of girls toward Oppossite Gender (Case study: Girl students of Islamic Azad University, Ilam Branch)
        heshmat ghobadi
        10.30495/jscc.2022.692244
        A mutual relationship between male and female gender is common in all communities, but its representation in every culture is specific with various exposure, or treatment. From its emergence to present, this phenomenon has burdened so many qualitative and quantitative c More
        A mutual relationship between male and female gender is common in all communities, but its representation in every culture is specific with various exposure, or treatment. From its emergence to present, this phenomenon has burdened so many qualitative and quantitative changes and reprodsced in various forms; also it will couse changes in family institution in the fature. &nbsp;Research methodology is based on qualitative technique. Main data gathering tools is a questionnaire. Samples were selected objectively by means of the oretical saturation criterion, &nbsp;Data analysis resulted in finding some implications in regard to girls&rsquo; inclination toward opposite gender. In comprehensive objective- based typology, main reasons of girls&rsquo; inclination toward this relationship are including: opposite gender recognition, marriage, diversityism, pleasure. Research results showed that in personal context, emotional and sexual needs, pleasure, entertainment and marriage, and in social context, peer pressure, media consumption, the quality of child- parent relationship, in cultural context, transvaluation, obliteration of abomirable act are among main factor effective on relationship to opposite gender. Manuscript profile
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        780 - Socio-cultural explanation of job proximity to drug use and road accidents resulting from it (studied by truck drivers in Kerman province)
        Maryam Yazdan Shenas Seyed Mohsen Banihashemi hassan khairi Khalil Mirzaee
        Using drugs and its consequences are included in one of the major social and economic problems in societies. The phenomenon of road accidents and also its causes and consequences, is considered as another problem in our current society. Regardless of the factors such as More
        Using drugs and its consequences are included in one of the major social and economic problems in societies. The phenomenon of road accidents and also its causes and consequences, is considered as another problem in our current society. Regardless of the factors such as safety and standard of cars and roads, the human factor is considered as one of the most prominent causes of road accidents. So The purpose of doing this study was to determine the causes of Kerman truck driver&rsquo;s tendency to drug abuse and also its consequences. The research method is qualitative and the method of gathering information is through interviewing with 20 truck drivers who works in Kerman province that is done through purposeful selection until the conceptual saturation stage is reached. The findings of this study showed that there are such feelings that in this case is a kind of business affinity between drug use and truck driving. This proximity reinforces stereotypes about the need to use drugs to overcome fatigue and increase physical strength. Among the consequences of job proximity in drug use are fatal road accidents, occupational problems and imprisonment. Manuscript profile
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        781 - Investigating environmental behavior with an emphasis on material consumerism lifestyle (Tehran citizens)
        farzaneh farhadian babadi alireza mohsenitabrizi mostafa azkia
        10.30495/jscc.2023.1976205.2066
        Tehran is facing environmental issues. To solve this problem, it is necessary to investigate the lifestyle and daily habits of the citizens. Based on this, the purpose of the research is to investigate the relationship between lifestyle with emphasis on material consump More
        Tehran is facing environmental issues. To solve this problem, it is necessary to investigate the lifestyle and daily habits of the citizens. Based on this, the purpose of the research is to investigate the relationship between lifestyle with emphasis on material consumption and environmental behavior. The theoretical framework of the research is Veblen's ostentatious consumption theory. This research is based on a quantitative approach and a survey method and questionnaire collection tool. The statistical population includes residents of eight districts of Tehran. The sample size based on Cochran's formula was 384 people, and due to the large population of the statistical population, a sample size of 810 people was selected. The data was analyzed using statistical tests. The findings showed that as the lifestyle moves towards materialistic consumption, the amount of supportive environmental behavior decreases. The average environmental behavior of women and men, single and married has a significant difference. And the average shows that more women than men and married people have more supportive environmental behavior than single people. The average of environmental behaviors is different based on age periods and there is no relationship between environmental behavior and education Manuscript profile
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        782 - The role of the media in designing an integrated communication model in changing the behavior of consumers of cultural and artistic goods and services with the foundation's data approach
        Ali Mollaahmadi vahidreza mirabi Ismail hasanpour qorqchi
        10.30495/jscc.2023.1978419.2081
        The expansion of organizations has caused inconsistencies among units such as public relations, marketing, and market development. In such competitive conditions, organizations should use integrated marketing communications as one of the most effective investment method More
        The expansion of organizations has caused inconsistencies among units such as public relations, marketing, and market development. In such competitive conditions, organizations should use integrated marketing communications as one of the most effective investment methods to ensure the creation and maintenance of long-term relationships with their current and potential customers. In this regard, this research has been conducted to design a model for integrated marketing communications to change consumer behavior in the qualitative stage. In this research, in the qualitative part, semi-structured interviews and database theory were used to collect data. The statistical population of the qualitative section was 16 marketing professors and creative industry experts who were selected purposefully. After the theoretical saturation in the interview, the recorded data were implemented for analysis and the necessary coding was done. The set of data obtained after the continuous process of open, central, and selective coding in the form of 103 available codes, 60 concepts, 15 categories, and 6 classes based on a systematic approach (intervening conditions, causal conditions, central conditions, consequences, strategies, This most influential and contextual conditions) became . &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        783 - Investigating the Impact of Social Capital on the Economic Consumption Pattern (Case Study: Citizens of Qom)
        vahid babrdel nourouz hashemzehi Mohammad Rahimi
        10.30495/jscc.2023.1956673.2002
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social capital on the economic consumption pattern of Qom citizens. This research has been done by survey and using the structural equation model method of partial least squares. The research tool was a question More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social capital on the economic consumption pattern of Qom citizens. This research has been done by survey and using the structural equation model method of partial least squares. The research tool was a questionnaire and had 45 items and 9 dimensions. The statistical population of the study was all citizens of Qom and to determine the statistical sample, 384 people were selected as a sample based on Cochran's formula. The collected data were analyzed with SMARTPLS software version 3. Based on the obtained results, considering the impact between the variables of social participation, membership in civic institutions, trust, broad social relations, membership in networks, commitment to social values and social norms on the level of consumer goods and its composition can be concluded. Planning for education and increasing social capital affects the type and manner of selection of consumer goods, and by recognizing and achieving this effect, more success is achieved in the desired consumption pattern, and finally with this achievement, this issue on a large scale. More can be generalized and double researched. Manuscript profile
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        784 - The Study of the Relationship between Social Capital and Cultural Goods Consumption among High School Students in Damghan City
        Shima Sedighi Soroush Fathi
        Social capital is a suitable platform for human capital and physical productivity and considered a way to achieve success that gives meaning to life and makes life easier and more enjoyable. Consumption of cultural goods as an aspect of cultural life in action is influe More
        Social capital is a suitable platform for human capital and physical productivity and considered a way to achieve success that gives meaning to life and makes life easier and more enjoyable. Consumption of cultural goods as an aspect of cultural life in action is influenced by the presence of social capital. The aim is to investigate the relationship between students' social capital and cultural consumption in Damghan city. The research method is survey and data collection is done by a questionnaire that after acquiring validity and reliability, are distributed among the participants with a random sampling technique. The statistical population is all students of this city in 2013, which is 2608. A sample of 380 is determined by Cochran&rsquo;s formula. The result shows that the result of consumption of cultural goods is different between gender and type of school, and the relationship between socio-economic class, social trust, social participation, social interaction, membership in social groups and the social capital of students with their cultural consumption is significant. Manuscript profile
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        785 - Legal aspects of counternarcotics
        seyedali Poormanuchehri afsaneh robatjazi
        Drug-related issues are one of the most serious issues in Iranian society and are important from various aspects of sociology, psychology, law, politics, etc. The link between crime and narcotics is one of the presuppositions that policymakers have always used to gain p More
        Drug-related issues are one of the most serious issues in Iranian society and are important from various aspects of sociology, psychology, law, politics, etc. The link between crime and narcotics is one of the presuppositions that policymakers have always used to gain public confidence and the need for a serious and intense fight against narcotics, and have developed specific anti-narcotics laws. Research Method The present study is a combination of descriptive, documentary and analytical methods, the final analysis of which has been done by qualitative analysis. Findings show that the legal aspects of counternarcotics are to reduce supply, stop production, cultivation, manufacture, trafficking, distribution and consumption and use of drugs and diversions and based on the nature and nature of judicial and disciplinary Has been explained. The crime of producing and manufacturing narcotics is the production of one narcotic from other narcotics, and the legislator has not made any special distinction between the production and manufacture of narcotics, and any quality of narcotics or psychotropic substance has been created. Has been considered a crime. In the distribution and supply of narcotics, any ordinary act where it leads to the transfer and distribution of narcotics to others without receiving any money or money for them is a crime. Distributor ownership is not a condition for the crime of distribution. The Anti-Narcotics Law, in terms of the dimensions of drug use and use, is more inclined towards the criminology of drug addiction and has chosen a "criminological" approach instead of "pathological" addiction, although a new look and approach to the approach It also has soft (disease-treatment, rehabilitation and prevention). Manuscript profile
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        786 - The effect of soil texture and irrigation method on improving yield and yield components of two Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] cultivars
        Mansoureh Shamili hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani
        In order to determine optimum culture condition to produce high quality storage roots in sweet potato, an experiment was conducted as split-split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plots were allocated to soil texture (loamy and sandy More
        In order to determine optimum culture condition to produce high quality storage roots in sweet potato, an experiment was conducted as split-split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plots were allocated to soil texture (loamy and sandy), sub plots to irrigation method (furrow and drip) and sub-sub plots to sweet potato cultivars (White and Red). Cutting establishment percent, bush vegetative growth, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of storage root as well as crop per drip (CPD) were measured. Results showed that soil texture affects foliage fresh weight, shoot/root ratio, storage root number, weight and diameter, stem and leaf number, bush length, reducing and total sugar as well as CPD. Irrigation method influenced all the traits except root number. The greatest CPD was observed in loamy soil using drip irrigation respectively 5.492 and 4.569 kg/m3 for White and Red cultivar. According to path analysis results, storage root yield directly influenced by foliage fresh weight (0.726**), leaf number (0.722**), stem number (0.710**), storage root weight (0.668**), storage root diameter (0.449**), foliage length (0.352**) and storage root length (0.314**). Based on the obtained results, cultivation of Red cultivar on loamy soil using furrow irrigation at cutting establishment stage, drip irrigation during growth period and final furrow irrigation at storage root filling is more successful as a tool to produce high quality sweet potato storage root in Minab. Manuscript profile
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        787 - Investigating the environmental impacts for peanut production in Astaneh Ashrafieh based on nitrogen fertilizer consumption through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
        سید علی نورحسینی امین نیکخواه
        In this study, in order to determine the environmental impacts of peanut production in Astaneh Ashrafieh based on nitrogen fertilizer consumption a research was conducted using life cycle assessment methodology in 2015. A field experimental was performed with randomized More
        In this study, in order to determine the environmental impacts of peanut production in Astaneh Ashrafieh based on nitrogen fertilizer consumption a research was conducted using life cycle assessment methodology in 2015. A field experimental was performed with randomized complete block design in three levels of nitrogen consumption (0, 30 and 60 kgha-1) in three replications. These effects in six groups; the global warming, acidification, terrestrial eutrophication, the depletion of fossil resources, the depletion of potassium and the depletion of phosphate were investigated. Two functional units included one tonne of peanut and generation of 1000 MJ energy were considered to evaluate the environmental impacts. The results showed that the environmental index (Eco-indeX) with regard to global warming, acidification, terrestrial eutrophication for treatment of control, 30 and 60 kg of nitrogen per hectare were 0.18, 0.52 and 0.66, respectively. Also, resources depletion index (RDI) for one-ton production of peanut with regard to depletion of fossil resources, the depletion of potassium and the depletion of phosphate for treatment of control, 30 and 60 kg of nitrogen per hectare were determined to be 0.80, 0.53 and 0.30, respectively. Overall, the Eco-Index impact categories (global warming, acidification, terrestrial eutrophication) showed the greatest negative effects on the environment for the highest level of nitrogen consumption. Manuscript profile
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        788 - Determining the optimum planting date of chickpea in Kermanshah province using modeling approach
        seyedreza amiri
        Crop simulation models are useful tools for determination of optimum strategies for crop management and sustainability of the agricultural ecosystems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different planting dates on grain yield, biological yield and water More
        Crop simulation models are useful tools for determination of optimum strategies for crop management and sustainability of the agricultural ecosystems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different planting dates on grain yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of chickpea (Bivanij cultivar) under rainfed conditions at five locations in Kermanshah province. For this purpose, the SSM-Chickpea model along with historical daily weather data for the period of 1985&ndash;2014, were used. The results showed that early sowing date increased leaf area and biological yield and eliminated terminal drought stress. The highest and lowest grain yield was obtained on 20 Febraury and 4 March sowing dates with 1269 and 446 kg ha-1, respectively. The delayed sowing date substantially reduced grain yield by 64%. Furthermore, the highest and lowest biological yield was obtained on 20 Febraury (3448 kg ha-1) and 21April (2217 kg ha-1). On the other hand, the greatest water use efficiency was obtained on 20 Febraury (6.6 kg ha-1 mm-1). Overall, early sowing dates resulted in increased duration of growing season and seasonal rainfall which concurrency resulted in higher yield and WUE. Hence, early sowing chickpea is recommended over late sowing in arid and semi-arid areas of the study locations which are facing with lack of adequate and poor distribution of rainfall. Manuscript profile
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        789 - Effect of micro-elements of Fe, Zn and Mn on some characteristics of Borage (Borago officinalis L.)
        Azizollah kheiry محمد ویسی Mohsen Sanikhani
        In order to evaluate the effect of micronutrients of iron, zinc and manganese on characteristics of borage, an experiment conducted in the base of randomized complete block design with three replications at University of Zanjan in 2015. Treatments were levels of 0 (cont More
        In order to evaluate the effect of micronutrients of iron, zinc and manganese on characteristics of borage, an experiment conducted in the base of randomized complete block design with three replications at University of Zanjan in 2015. Treatments were levels of 0 (control), 3 and 6 per thousand of micronutrients of Fe, Zn and Mn with total of 15 treatments. Foliar micronutrients applied in both stem elongation and flowering stages. Results showed that Highest 1000-seed weight and Seed yield obtained in combination of 3 g/lit iron and zinc (Fe1+Zn1) treatment and the highest number of inflorescences were in treatment of zinc and manganese at 3 g/lit (Zn1+Mn1). Foliar application of iron, zinc and manganese (Fe1+Zn1+Mn1) 3 g/lit, showed the greatest effects on the content of chlorophyll and anthocyanin. Combination of iron and manganese at 6 g/lit (Fe2+Mn2) had the greatest impact on seed oil content and foliar application of iron plus manganese 3 g/lit (Fe1+Mn1) had the greatest impact on the level of Peroxidase. In conclusion, the results showed that the application of micronutrients of iron, zinc and manganese had significant effects on indices such as: Seed yield, Oil percentage, 1000-seed weight, chlorophyll and anthocyanin content. Manuscript profile
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        790 - Effect of Plant Density on Radiation Use Efficiency, Extinction Coefficient and Grain Yield of Two Sunflower Cultivars in Northern Khuzestan
        fatame zarghami mehdi sadeghi
        Plant density is one of the important factors influencing the amount of light reaching to plants. An experiment was carried out at agricultural research farm of Azad university of Dezfol (Sanjer region) in 2013 and 2014. The experiment design was factorial in a randomiz More
        Plant density is one of the important factors influencing the amount of light reaching to plants. An experiment was carried out at agricultural research farm of Azad university of Dezfol (Sanjer region) in 2013 and 2014. The experiment design was factorial in a randomized complete block with three replications. Plant densities of (4.5, 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 plant/m2). Two sunflower cultivars of Shahroodi and Domsefid were cultivated. The results showed that the effect of plant density was significant on leaf area index (LAI), Radiation use efficiency (RUE), Grain yield, extinction coefficient (K) and light interception (LI). The highest LAI and RUE were 4.24 and 1.92(MJ/M2/S) for Shahroodi cultivar, respectively. The highest K and LI in Domsefid cultivar were 0.137 and 43.4% respectively. The increase in plant density of both cultivars resulted in increasing the RUE. The highest grain yield for Domsefid cultivar (6.5 plant/m2) was 5249.9 kg/ha. The highest grain yield for Domsefid cultivar (6.5 plant/m2) was 5249.9 kg/ha. The highest grain yield for Domsefid cultivar (6.5 plant/m2) was 5249.9 kg/ha. Manuscript profile
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        791 - The effects of density and application of iron and zinc on yield and quality of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa)
        abdolreza borji abad M. گلوی M. Ramrodi
        In order to evaluate the effect of density, soil and foliar application iron and zinc on yield and quality of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa), an experiment was performed in split plot design in randomized complete block design with three replications in Zabol University. More
        In order to evaluate the effect of density, soil and foliar application iron and zinc on yield and quality of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa), an experiment was performed in split plot design in randomized complete block design with three replications in Zabol University. Density was at three levels 2, 4 and 6 plants per square meter, as the main cause of micronutrient intake in five levels, sprayed with chelated iron 6% rate 4 per thousand, sprayed with chelated zinc rate 2 per thousand, soil application of chelated iron 6% to 50 kg, and soil application of chelated zinc15% to 50 kg per hectare, was performed. The spraying with water was considered as a secondary factor. The results showed that most quantitative traits including plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, number seeds per plant, weight and dried sepals and biological yield of boll were affected by density. The most wet and dry weight of sepals were obtained in density six plant density,. Sepals much dry so that the density of 6 plants per square meter than 2 density was 200% increased. Effect of soil and foliar application of micronutrients showed significant increase in the number of bolls, biological yield, weight of 1000 seeds, number of branches, number of seeds per plant, wet and dry weight sepals, and amount of anthocyanin and protein sepals. Based on the results of this study, to achieve maximum performance of dry sepals, six plants with foliar application of zinc can be recommended as a suitable treatment. Manuscript profile
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        792 - Response of various bread wheat genotypes to different planting method and terminal drought stress at southern Fars province
        Vahid Barati Ehsan bijanzadeh Ali Barati Zahra Zinati
        Fars is the largest wheat producer province in Iran. In terms of planted area and output, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the number one crop in Fars and currently almost all irrigated wheat is conventionally planted in narrow spaced rows or broadcasting on the flat and More
        Fars is the largest wheat producer province in Iran. In terms of planted area and output, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the number one crop in Fars and currently almost all irrigated wheat is conventionally planted in narrow spaced rows or broadcasting on the flat and is irrigated by flood irrigation within bordered basins. Conventional flat planting for wheat has some disadvantages. In order to study the response of wheat genotypes to flat planting and bed planting under different irrigation regimes, experiments were conducted in Darab region at two consecutive growing seasons. The experimental design was split-split plot with three replications. The main factor was two irrigation regimes (irrigation was applied normally and irrigation cut off after flowering stage). Sub plots were two planting methods (FP: flat planting, BP: bed planting). The sub-sub plots were four different wheat genotypes (Shiroudi-local check, Chamran 2, Aflak and a promising line: S-82-10). Based on results, post anthesis drought stress decreased grain yield and its components in all genotypes. The main reason of grain yield reduction in stress condition was reduction in grain number per spike and grain weight. The Aflak cultivar produced the highest grain yield (5712 kg ha-1) in non-stress condition while the highest grain yield in drought stress (3148 kg ha-1) condition was belonged to Shiroudi cultivar. The biological yield and harvest index were positively affected by bed planting. The bed planting method improved WUE (water use efficiency) and grain yield by more than 21% and 16%, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        793 - Effect of various fertilizer sources on growth and hay yield of alfalfa
        محمدرضا نادری
        Optimum plant nutrition has an important role in improving its growth and yield and increasing the inputs use efficiency. The current study was performed with the aim of evaluating the effect of various fertilizer sources, including biofertilizer containing the Rhizobiu More
        Optimum plant nutrition has an important role in improving its growth and yield and increasing the inputs use efficiency. The current study was performed with the aim of evaluating the effect of various fertilizer sources, including biofertilizer containing the Rhizobium meliloti, sea weed extract, fertilizer containing micronutrients and urea on growth and yield of alfalfa during 2015 at Varamin complex of agriculture and animal husbandry as factorial experiment in the form of complete randomized design with three replications. Results showed that foliar application of urea and soil application of biofertilizer did not have a significant effect on growth and yield of alfalfa. Whereas, foliar application of sea weed extract and multimill fertilizer (containing micronutrients) resulted in increasing the hay yield of alfalfa by 12.7 and 24.7%, respectively. Furthermore, foliar application of micronutrient had a greater effect on hay yield of alfalfa than the sea weed extract, as the yield increment resulted from foliar application of micronutrient was 12 percent more than that obtained from foliar application of sea weed extract. Therefore, results of this study showed that foliar application of sea weed extract and fertilizer containing micronutrients can increase the yield and inputs use efficiency of alfalfa through improving its growth parameters and production of higher dry matter per unit of inputs used by plant. Manuscript profile
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        794 - Effect of integrate nutrition of chemical and animal manures on yield and yield components of spring safflower
        M. Ghanbari M. Mirzakhani A. Hashemi
        Increasing overuse of chemical fertilizers has been causes environmental pollution, degradation of soil and crops. In order to study the effect of integrated application of chemical and animal manures on yield and yield components of spring safflower, the study was carr More
        Increasing overuse of chemical fertilizers has been causes environmental pollution, degradation of soil and crops. In order to study the effect of integrated application of chemical and animal manures on yield and yield components of spring safflower, the study was carried out in Fatholmobin field of Kashan in 2014. A factorial arrangement of treatment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Chemical fertilizer treatment (Control, 50 kg ha-1 of nitrogen + 25 kg ha-1 of P2O5, 100 kg ha-1 of nitrogen + 50 kg ha-1 of P2O5, 150 kg ha-1 of nitrogen + 75 kg ha-1 of P2O5) and animal manure treatment (Control, 20 ton ha-1, 40 ton ha-1), were assigned in plots. Stem height, number of branches, number of bolls per plant, grains per boll, boll harvest index, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, protein content, phosphorus absorption, nitrogen agronomy efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were determined. Results indicated that the interaction effects between chemical fertilizer and animal manure on 1000 grain weight, grain yield, protein content, phosphorus absorption, nitrogen agronomy efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were significant. The highest and lowest of grain yield 1031 and 268 kg ha-1 were obtained in 150 kg ha-1 of nitrogen + 75 kg ha-1 of P2O5 + 20 t ha-1 of animal manure and without application of the chemical and animal manure, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        795 - Investigation the Effect of Different Fertilizing Levels from Various Sources on Yield, and Grain Quality of Sweet Corn
        Mohammad Javad Fereidooni Eisa Maghsoudi Ali Mojabghasroldashti Yaaghoub Behzadi
        In order to investigation the effects of different fertilizing levels on qualitative and quantitative yield of sweet corn, an experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with three replications in 2012 at Marvdasht, Fars province, Iran. Experimental tre More
        In order to investigation the effects of different fertilizing levels on qualitative and quantitative yield of sweet corn, an experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with three replications in 2012 at Marvdasht, Fars province, Iran. Experimental treatments were including different fertilizer sources 1) 200 kg ha-1 pure nitrogen, 2) 300 kg ha-1 pure nitrogen, 3) 8 ton ha-1 poultry manure, 4) 24 ton ha-1 solid waste compost, 5) 150 kg pure nitrogen + 2 ton poultry manure per, 6) 100 kg pure nitrogen + 4 ton poultry manure, 7) 150 kg pure nitrogen + 6 ton solid waste compost, 8) 100 kg pure nitrogen + 12 ton solid waste compost and 9) control (non-fertilizer). The results indicated that the effects of different fertilizing levels were significant on grain canned yield, fresh forage, biological, plant height, length and diameter ear as well as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of grain. The heights grain canned yield (931 grm-2), fresh forage (2376 grm-2) and biological (4554 grm-2) was obtained from 100 kg pure nitrogen + 4 ton poultry manure treatment. Also maximum nitrogen content (2.27 percent) and phosphorus (0.42 percent) was observed at 300 kg ha-1 pure nitrogen and 8 ton ha-1 poultry manure treatment, respectively. The use of organic fertilizer as integrated with chemical fertilizer can be suitable method for decreasing application of chemical fertilizer to increasing the quantity yield and improvement the quality of sweet corn. Manuscript profile
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        796 - Evaluation of Integrated System management in Organic, Biological and Chemical Inputs on Yield Characteristics and nitrogen Efficiency of German Chamomile
        عباس ملکی فاطمه جهانی علیرضا پازکی
        In order to study the effect of chemical, organic and biological fertilizer on yield and its components of chamomile, a split split plot experiment carried out in a randomized complete block design in three replications. This research had 3 factors include of nitrogen f More
        In order to study the effect of chemical, organic and biological fertilizer on yield and its components of chamomile, a split split plot experiment carried out in a randomized complete block design in three replications. This research had 3 factors include of nitrogen fertilizer at four levels (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg per ha)in main plits, manure at two levels (with 30 tons per hectare use and non-use) in subplots and nitroxin as biological fertilizer in two levels (inoculated and non-inoculated seed) as sub-sub plot were allocated in experimental plots. The results showed that the treated manure, at the rate of 66 percent and the lowest essential oils in the treatment of manure at the rate of 50.8 per cent, respectively. However, in observing inoculation with nitroxin fertilizer, essential oils in the treatment of 64.6 percent and the lowest rate of inoculation was 52.2 percent. The results showed that the lowest nitrogen efficiency obtained in non-inoculated seed treatment and application of 200 kg nitrogen fertilizer about of 1.7 was and the most efficient use of nitrogen was obtained in 50 kg of nitrogen and inoculated seeds about of 5.4. Among the examined three types of fertilizer, bio-fertilizer of nitroxin had a greater effect on traits. Integrated application of organic, biologic and chemical fertilizer to achieve of sustainable agriculture causes to high yield quality and ecosystems protection. Manuscript profile
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        797 - Effect of Organic and Recycling Materials Application on Growth, Morphological and Qualitative Characteristics of Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) as a Medicinal Plant
        Davood Naderi Sajedeh Amin Alroaia Ahmadreza Golparvar
        In this study, the impact of different organic substrate on morphological and qualitative characteristics of Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) was evaluated. The experimental design was conducted in completely randomized design with three replications and eight treatm More
        In this study, the impact of different organic substrate on morphological and qualitative characteristics of Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) was evaluated. The experimental design was conducted in completely randomized design with three replications and eight treatments in the year of 2014 in the research field of Islamic Azad University Isfahan branch. The treatments were including garden soil as control and different proportions of garden soil plus different organic materials include spent mushroom compost, Rice bran and manure. The results showed that the combined application of different substrates (Treatment No. 4: garden soil + spent mushroom compost + Rice bran + manure at a volume ratio of 25%) significantly increased leaf area (47.76 cm2), plant height (24.60 cm), shoots and flowers dry weight (0.043 and 0.014 g respectively), chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll. The highest root dry weight (0.0056 g) was observed on treatment No. 7 (garden soil + spent mushroom compost + manure at a volume ratio of 33%) and treatment No. 8 (garden soil + manure at a volume ratio of 50%). As a result, Phetalic acid and &Delta;-cadinene were present in all substrates and the most of &Delta;-cadinene (39.24%) was obtained from the treatment No. 7 (garden soil + spent mushroom compost + manure at a volume ratio of 33%). Manuscript profile
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        798 - Effects of nitrogen and potassium levels on some qountitative and qualitative traits and agronomical fertilizer use efficiency in lentil cultivation
        Roghayyeh Zabihi-e-Mahmoodabad Mohammah Hassanzadeh
        In order to investigate of the effects of nitrogen and potassium levels on nitrogen and potassium uptake, agronomical use efficiency and protein content of lentil, a field factorial experiment design in the base of complete random block in three replications was carried More
        In order to investigate of the effects of nitrogen and potassium levels on nitrogen and potassium uptake, agronomical use efficiency and protein content of lentil, a field factorial experiment design in the base of complete random block in three replications was carried out in the research field of Islamic Azad University of Ardebil branch during 2015-2016. Factors include potassium fertilizer rate with three levels (0, 35 and 70 kgK/ha) the form of potassium sulphate source and nitrogen fertilizer rate with three levels (0, 30 and 60 kgN/ha) the form of granulation and the cultivated variety was the native variety. The results showed that in the all of traits, (Except of agronomical nitrogen and potassium used efficiency) increasing of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer rate increased the studied traits. The main effects of each fertilizers, cased to increase of yield and yield components and precentag and the amount absourbtion of potassum and nitrogen fertilizer traits, so that the highest amount of these traits was obtained in 70 kgK/ha potassium fertilizer and 60 kgN/ha nitrogen fertilizer. The interaction effects between potassium and nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield, agronomic efficiency of K fertilizer, protein yield of grain and grain nitrogen uptake were significant. The results of this study showed that simultaneous use of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer was positive reactions of lentil to fertilizers and increased seed yield.Totally Co-application of these two fertilizers to increase the quantity and quality of this plant under this condition, is recommended. Manuscript profile
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        799 - Effect of phosphorus rate, Rhizobium phaseoli inoculation and Nitragin biofertilizer on growth and yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
        Meysam Ghanbarzadeh Hashem Aminpanah Hasan Akhgari
        A field experiment was conducted in Amlash, Guilan province to evaluate the effect of phosphorus rate (P), Rhizobium phaseoli inoculation and nitragin biofertilizer on growth and yield of common bean (Guilan landrace). The experiment was designed in a factorial arrangem More
        A field experiment was conducted in Amlash, Guilan province to evaluate the effect of phosphorus rate (P), Rhizobium phaseoli inoculation and nitragin biofertilizer on growth and yield of common bean (Guilan landrace). The experiment was designed in a factorial arrangement based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. The factors were P rate, Rhizobium phaseoli application, and application of nitragin biofertilizer. Result showed that grain and fresh pod yields were significantly increased by 28% and 21%, respectively, as P application rate increased from 0 to 50 kg ha-1. No significant increase in grain and fresh pod yields were observed as P application rate increased from 50 to 75 kg ha-1, but further increase in P rate (75 kg ha-1) reduced grain and fresh pod yields significantly. Regression analysis showed that the highest grain (1403.9 kg ha-1) and pod (8510.7 kg ha-1) yields were obtained when phosphorus was applied at the rate of 65.4 and 59.3 kg ha-1, respectively. Grain and fresh pod yields were significantly increased by 7 and 10% with nitragin biofertilizer application, respectively. Moreover, grain and fresh pod yields increased by 17% and 20% after Rhizobium inoculation. Manuscript profile
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        800 - The rol of fungus Piriformospora indica on improving the grain related parameters of two native and improved rice cultivars under limited irrigation regimes
        ABED AGHAJANI DELAVAR mehdi parsa Hemmatollah Pirdashti Mohammad Kafi Valiollah Babaeizad
        In order to evaluate the rol of mycorrhiza-like fungus Piriformospora indica on rice grain yield and water use efficiency under different limited irrigation regimes a field experiment was conducted in split factorial design with three replicates during 2014. Treatments More
        In order to evaluate the rol of mycorrhiza-like fungus Piriformospora indica on rice grain yield and water use efficiency under different limited irrigation regimes a field experiment was conducted in split factorial design with three replicates during 2014. Treatments were different irrigation methods at three levels (flooding, flooding after falling water depth less than 10 and 20 cm of soil surface) in main plot, two levels of P. indica inoculation (control and inoculation of six days old seedlings) and two rice cultivars (Tarom-Hashemi and Shiroudi) in sub plots as factorial. Results showed that maximum grain yield was obtained in Shiroudi cultivar in flooding (7801 kg/ha), followed by -10 and -20 cm irrigation regimes (5592 and 5575 kg/ha, resectively). This reduction in Tarom-Hashemi cultivar, however, was only significant where falling water depth was less than 20 cm of soil surface and yield loss was about 18 percent as compared to the flooding treatment. Nevertheless, P. indica inoculation in Shiroudi cultivar increased biological yield by 8 %, as compared to Tarom-Hashemi cultivar. Water use productivity and efficiency amounts in limited irrigation regimes was increased significantly in falling water depth less than 20 cm of soil surface treatment by 55 and 57 % , respectively as compared to flooding treatment. In conclusion, results represented a positive effect of coexistence between P. indica and rice plants particularly to ameliorate water deficit negative effects. Manuscript profile
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        801 - Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels on some agronomic and physiological traits of wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum)
        Ali Bozorgi Hossein Abad Farzad Mondani Mohsen Saeidi Hasan Heydari Alireza Bagheri
        In order to evaluate radiation absorption and use efficiency for wheat cultivars under effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels, a split-plot experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted during 2015-2016. The treatments were More
        In order to evaluate radiation absorption and use efficiency for wheat cultivars under effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels, a split-plot experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted during 2015-2016. The treatments were four nitrogen fertilizer levels (90, 180, 300, 360 kg.ha-1 of urea) as main-plot and four wheat cultivars (Parsi, Zare, Pishgam and Orum) as sub-plot. The evaluated traits were included leaf area index, radiation absorption, crop growth rate, relative growth ratio, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, total dry weight, radiation use efficiency and grain yield. The results showed that Pishgam cultivar compared to other cultivars had the most satisfying in terms of evaluated characteristics under nitrogen fertilizer rate treatments. By increasing the rate of urea fertilizer from 90 to 360 kg.ha-1, maximum leaf area index, radiation absorption, crop growth rate, relative growth ratio, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, total dry weight and grain yield were improved. The most (8950 kg.ha-1) and the lowest (1264 kg.ha-1) grain yield weight were observed for Pishgam cultivar in 360 kgurea. ha-1 treatment and for cultivar variety in 90 kgurea. ha-1 treatment, respectively. The results also showed that the highest and the lowest radiation use efficiency were related to Pishgam cultivar (1.59 g.MJ-1) in 360 kgurea.ha-1 treatment and Orum cultivar (0.67 g.MJ-1) in 90 kgurea.ha-1 treatment, respectively. It seems that rising of nitrogen fertilizer by improvement of photosynthesis and crop growth rate caused to pick up dry matter accumulation and finally increased wheat radiation use efficiency. Manuscript profile
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        802 - Study the effect of methanol and ascorbic acid foliar application on yield and physiological traits related to water relationships peanut under rainfed condition
        Maral Moradi tochaee Saeid Saifzadeh Hamid Reza Zakerin Seyed Alireza Valadabadi
        In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of methanol and ascorbic acid on growth and yield of peanut (varNC2) in during 2015 year, an experiment was carried out in two locations of Astaneh Ashrafiyeh and Kiashahr. A randomized complete block design with More
        In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of methanol and ascorbic acid on growth and yield of peanut (varNC2) in during 2015 year, an experiment was carried out in two locations of Astaneh Ashrafiyeh and Kiashahr. A randomized complete block design with three replications on a factorial experiment with two factors including four levels of methanol include 0 (Control), 7, 14, and 21 volumetric percentage and four levels of ascorbic acid include (0 Control), 250, 500, and 750 mg/lit was used. Methanol and ascorbic acid foliar applications were done two times during the growing season with 15 days intervals and spraying started in 72 code stage of BBCH-scale. Measured traits in this experiment were consisted of: pod yield, seed yield, biological yield, protein yield, oil yield, pod water use efficiency, chlorophyll, leaf relative water content and leaf osmotic potential. The results showed the simple effects of methanol and ascorbic acid foliar applications on measured traits were positive significant. The maximum amount on measured traits were observed by two foliar application of methanol treatments (14 and 21 % (v/v)) and two foliar application of ascorbic acid treatments (500 and 750 mg/l) during experiment. In comparison to the control (without foliar application methanol), methanol application at 14 and 21 % v/v levels increased seed yield up to 20.15% and 24.65% respectively. The 17.36% and 20.67% amount of seed yield increase at 500 and 750 mg/l of ascorbic acid application respectively, in comparison to the control (without foliar application ascorbic acid). Manuscript profile
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        803 - Evaluating the effect of plastic mulch and some plant growth regulators on changes in some leaf elements, enzymes and nitrate accumulation in onion (Allium cepa) at water deficit conditions
        Mohammadhassan shirzadi mohammad javad arvin Abdolhosayn Aboutalebi mohammadreza hassandokht
        The effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and plastic mulch on the amount of some leaf elements, enzymes and nitrate accumulation in onions under water deficit stress was investigated. The main plots consisted of water deficit stress treatment at three levels (100% w More
        The effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and plastic mulch on the amount of some leaf elements, enzymes and nitrate accumulation in onions under water deficit stress was investigated. The main plots consisted of water deficit stress treatment at three levels (100% water requirement, 80% and 60% water requirement), and subplots including mulch (in two levels of application and no application of dark plastic) and PGRs factor in Six levels (zero, salicylic acid (0.5 mM), methyl jasmonate (5 and 7.5 &micro;M), 24-Epibrassinolide (0.5 and 1 &micro;M). Significant interaction was observed between low water stress and PGRs in the amount of nitrogen, catalase, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde enzymes, methionine, isoleucine and proline amino acids, ion leakage, chlorophyll and carotenoids pigmentation. The effect of the PGRs was mainly effective in water deficit conditions. Also, the interaction of water deficit and plastic mulch in addition to these traits was significant on the amino acid valine and tyrosine traits and phosphorus and potassium of leaf and this effect was significant under water deficit condition. Brassinolide growth regulator treatment had the most effect on reducing nitrate in onion bulb. Under non stress, mild stress and severe stress condition, 1 micromolar brassinosteroid reduced 26, 23 and 31 percent of onion nitrate, respectively. Also, plastic mulch under non stress conditions have no effect on reducing the accumulation of nitrate, but under severe stress conditions (60% water requirement), use of plastic mulch detergent reduced the 13% accumulation of nitrate compared with the control Manuscript profile
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        804 - Evaluation of the effect of growth stimulating bacteria on the yield and efficiency of wheat water consumption under the influence of irrigation rate and method
        ashkan rostamian payam moaveni mehdi sadeghi shoae Hamid Mozafari faezeh rajabzadeh
        This research evaluated the reaction of wheat against different moisture stresses and different irrigation methods, as well as the reaction to growth-promoting bacteria in terms of different traits related to yield and water use efficiency during two crop years. The exp More
        This research evaluated the reaction of wheat against different moisture stresses and different irrigation methods, as well as the reaction to growth-promoting bacteria in terms of different traits related to yield and water use efficiency during two crop years. The experimental factors include the irrigation regime with three levels (irrigation at 40% of available moisture discharge during the entire growth period (normal), normal irrigation until pollination and no irrigation up to 60% of available moisture discharge until the end of the growth period, irrigation until pollination and stop irrigation until the end of the growth period), irrigation methods with 5 levels (regular leakage, leakage of one furrow in the middle of variable, leakage of one furrow in the middle of constant, rain, type (strip-drop)) and the third factor of growth-increasing bacteria with There were two levels (non-use and use (combination of Microbacterium + Azobacter + Azosperlium + Pseudomonas). The results showed that the factor of irrigation regime had a significant effect on biological performance and grain yield, so that the second and third irrigation regimes (respectively with 7.89 and 4.70 tons per hectare) reduced these traits. Different irrigation methods had an effect on different quantitative and qualitative traits, but the most efficient water consumption was achieved in the tip irrigation method with a rate of 3 kg/m3. The use of bacterial integration increased the biological yield and grain to the extent of 9.79 and 13.51 percent. Manuscript profile
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        805 - Effect of biological fertilizer and microelements on qualitative traits and yield of chickpea as affected by drought stress condition
        nima behdarvandi shykhi arash roozbehani
        In order to study the effect of biological fertilizer and microelements on chlorophyll content, protein percentage and grain yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) as affected by drought stress condition an experiment carried out in factorial based on complete block des More
        In order to study the effect of biological fertilizer and microelements on chlorophyll content, protein percentage and grain yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) as affected by drought stress condition an experiment carried out in factorial based on complete block design with three replications in 2014 at Agricultural Research Station of Roudehen of Islamic Azad University in Damavand. Treatments were three levels of drought stress: normal irrigation (control), stress at flowering stage and&nbsp; stress in early stages of grain filling and the second factor was four levels of biological fertilizer and microelements including control, biological fertilizer (Rhizobium), microelements, Rhizobium + microelements. Results showed that drought stress had significant impact on chlorophyll content, protein percentage and grain yield. Control treatment (normal irrigation) produced the highest chlorophyll content, protein percentage and grain yield. Impact of biological fertilizer and microelements on all traits were non-significant except protein percentage and grain yield. The interaction effect of drought stress and biological fertilizer and microelements for protein percentage and grain yield was significant. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        806 - Rapeseed yield and water use efficiency as affected by PRD irrigation
        F. Jafari H. R. Miri B. Jafari Haghighi
        During the two last decades, the managerial techniques of irrigation such as partial root zone drying (PRD) have been improved on some plants. In this research, the effect of partial root zone drying on water use efficiency in rapeseed was studied in a field study. This More
        During the two last decades, the managerial techniques of irrigation such as partial root zone drying (PRD) have been improved on some plants. In this research, the effect of partial root zone drying on water use efficiency in rapeseed was studied in a field study. This research was conducted as factorial experiment in complete randomized blocks design with four replications. The experiment consisted of two factors including irrigation in three levels (that were full irrigation, alternative furrow irrigation and fixed furrow irrigation) and three mulch levels that were without mulch, using mulch in row and between rows and using mulch only between rows. The results showed that water use efficiency had significant differences in irrigation treatments. Water use efficiency in alternative furrow irrigation increased by 1.70 and 9.61% compared to control irrigation treatment and fix furrow irrigation, respectively. Also, the effect of different levels of mulch application on water use efficiency had significant effects and the highest water use efficiency and grain yiled in rapeseed were obtained alternative furrow irrigation treatment with mulch application between and in rows and&nbsp;&nbsp;is recommended in similar climatic conditions. Manuscript profile
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        807 - Determination of energy indices in producing wheat and canola in Dashte Namdan Agro-industry (Eghlid region, Fars)
        K. Molaeei S. Afzalinia
        In this study, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in 118 hectares and rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) production in 26.8 ha of Dashte Namdan Agro-industry farm was evaluated from the energy indices point of view in Eghlid region. This farm was fully mechanized and the More
        In this study, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in 118 hectares and rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) production in 26.8 ha of Dashte Namdan Agro-industry farm was evaluated from the energy indices point of view in Eghlid region. This farm was fully mechanized and the required data were collected using person to person interview method and filling out the questionnaires. Equivalent energy inputs and outputs for both products were calculated in this study, and then corresponding energy ratio, energy productivity, and net energy gain were determined for each crop. Inputs were fertilizers, seeds, pesticides, fuel consumption, equipments, labors, and irrigation while grain yield and straw were considered as outputs. Energy ratio obtained for wheat and canola grain were 2.29 and 1.76, respectively while corresponding values related to both grain and straw (total biological outputs) were 6.23 and 3.44, respectively. Energy productiviities were also determined 0.49 and 0.21 kg/MJ for wheat and canola, respectively. Net energy gain for wheat and canola were 41065 and 20914 MJ/ha, respectively. Fertilizers were the highest energy consumer inputs for both crops and fuel and irrigation took the second and third places. Energy consumption related to seed was higher in wheat compared to canola. Since wheat production had the higher energy indices compared to canola in this research, wheat production should be preferred to canola in this farm from the energy balance point of view. Manuscript profile
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        808 - Effect of partial rootzone drying (PRD) and application potassium and zinc fertilizer on water use efficiency on corn
        H.R. Ebrahimi H. Heydari Sharifabad Sh. Lak A. Naderi A. Modhej
        Innovations for saving water in irrigated agriculture and thereby improving water use efficiency are of paramount importance in water-scarce regions. Therefore, to see how restricted irrigation systems and different potassium and zinc fertilizer affect water use efficie More
        Innovations for saving water in irrigated agriculture and thereby improving water use efficiency are of paramount importance in water-scarce regions. Therefore, to see how restricted irrigation systems and different potassium and zinc fertilizer affect water use efficiency and yield of corn, an experiment was conducted in an arid area in Marvdasht, Iran in 2012. A split-Factorial experimental design was used based on a complete randomized block design with three replications. The main plots consisted of two irrigation methods: FI (full irrigation) and partial rootzoon drying (PRD). Each subplot received three rates of K fertilizer application: 0, 2.5 or 5 kg ha-1 and three rates of Zn fertilizer application: 0, 2.5 or 5 kg ha-1 .The results showed that the plots receiving the full irrigation resulted in significantly higher grain yields, 1000-kernel weight and grain number per cob than PRD treatment. However, the highest WUE and IWUE were obtained in PRD, 5 kg K ha-1 and 5 kg ZN ha-1 and the lowest one was found in the FI treatment .In general, PRD irrigation method at high level of potassium and zinc fertilizer improved WUE and decreased WU in corn to 40% in an arid region. Manuscript profile
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        809 - Allelopathic effects of some common weeds of Hormozgan province on seed germination and vegetative growth of onion (Allium cepa)
        L. Jafari F. Abdollahi
        In order to investigation of allelopathic activity of aqueous extract and different plant tissues residues of Amaranthus retroflexus, Portulaca oleracea, Chenopodiunm album, Dactyloctenium aegyptyum and Malva neglecta on seed germination and seedling growth of onion, la More
        In order to investigation of allelopathic activity of aqueous extract and different plant tissues residues of Amaranthus retroflexus, Portulaca oleracea, Chenopodiunm album, Dactyloctenium aegyptyum and Malva neglecta on seed germination and seedling growth of onion, laboratory and pot experiments were performed as a factorial experiment basis of a completely randomized design with three replications in Horticultural science Department of Hormozgan University.&nbsp; In laboratory experiment, studied factors were included five weeds species, six concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 10 ml) of aqueous extract of different tissues (leaf, stem and root) of tested weeds and in pot study, experimental factors included five weeds species, six amounts (0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 gram per pot) of ground residues of different tissues (leaf, stem and root) of studied weeds. Results of this study indicated that in laboratory experiment, A. retroflexus and D. aegyptyum had the most allelopathic effects on onion. Although in most of the studied traits no significant differences were observed between these two weeds, but inhibition effects of A. retroflexus was higher for germination rate, radicel length and dry weight and seedling dry weight. With increase in extract concentrations, almost of onion seedling growth characteristics decreased significantly. Results of pot experiment showed that the weed residues incorporated in soil inhibited the growth and leaf chlorophyll a content of onion. Both A. retroflexus and D. aegyptyum had the maximum inhibition effects on all of onion vegetative growth trails. But A. retroflexus allelopathic effects on seedling emergence percentage and chlorophyll a content were more obvious. Results of this study indicated that since between studied weed species, A. retroflexus and D. aegyptyum had the most allelopathic effects on onion seed germination and vegetative growth characteristics, therefore these two weeds must be controlled completely before onion cultivation.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        810 - Effects of different levels of sodium nitroprusside and arsenic on fruit yield and some biochemical characteristics of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.)
        P. Yadollahi M.R. Asgharipour S. Sheikhpour B. Jabbari2 H. Ghasemi
        Application of plant growth regulators as antioxidant has been proposed to reduce the negative impacts of different stress. Sodium nitroprusside is an antioxidant which makes plants resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this research the effects of arsenic contam More
        Application of plant growth regulators as antioxidant has been proposed to reduce the negative impacts of different stress. Sodium nitroprusside is an antioxidant which makes plants resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this research the effects of arsenic contamination and sodium nitroprusside foliar sprays was examined on the quantitative characteristics in bitter melonplants (Momordica charantia L.). The experimental design was as factorial on the basis of completely randomized block design with 3 replications in 2012 at the Zabol University greenhouse. Sodium nitroprusside in 3 levels; 0, 50 and 100 &mu;M and arsenic contamination in four levels 0, 30, 60 and 90 mg kg-1. Resuts showed that arsenic application significantly reduced chlorophyll a, b ​​and total chlorophyll, chlorophyll fluorescence, relative water content of leaves,and fruit yield. Arsenic at 90 mg kg-1 reduced P and K in fruits by, 47.57 and 31.25 %, respectively. Protein concentration in fruits increased with increasing arsenic and the greatest protein was observed at the highest arsenic toxicity with 34.68%. Sodium nitroprusside had significant effect on all traits except phosphorus content in fruit and the maximum quantity of this trait was observed at spraying with 100 &mu;M sodium nitroprusside. In general, spraying sodium nitroprusside could be recommended in arsenic contaminated area to reduce heavy metal toxicity. Manuscript profile
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        811 - اثرات منابع کود نیتروژن، مقدار و زمان برعملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سیب زمینی
        محمد رضا بهرامجردی
        https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.10374959
        برای به دست آوردن مقادیر بهینه کود نیتروژن، منابع و زمان‌بندی برای سیب‌زمینی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح‌های اسپلیت کرت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح‌های بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در شهرستان جیرفت واقع در جنوب استان کرمان انجام شد. در این مطالعه، منابع N را برای کرت های اصلی و مق More
        برای به دست آوردن مقادیر بهینه کود نیتروژن، منابع و زمان‌بندی برای سیب‌زمینی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح‌های اسپلیت کرت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح‌های بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در شهرستان جیرفت واقع در جنوب استان کرمان انجام شد. در این مطالعه، منابع N را برای کرت های اصلی و مقدار و زمان کود N را برای کرت های فرعی در نظر گرفتیم. در مورد زمان بندی و سطوح مصرف کود N، T1 مخفف کل مصرف کود N در طول کشت، T2 برای مصرف 1/2 نیتروژن در کشت و 1/2 باقیمانده همزمان با شروع گلدهی و T3 برای 1 است. 3/3 نیتروژن مصرف در هنگام کاشت، 1/3 مصرف نیتروژن همزمان با تپه‌ریزی خاک و 1/3 همزمان با گل‌دهی. میزان N از سطوح R1: 150، R2: 200 و R3: 250 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. منابع در دو سطح S1 = اوره و S2 - سولفات آمونیوم در نظر گرفته شد. بر اساس نتایج ما، تیمارها از نظر عملکرد تفاوت معنی داری داشتند به طوری که بیشترین عملکرد را از مصرف تیمار R3 به میزان 72/26 تن در هکتار به دست آوردند که از نظر آماری تفاوت خاصی با تیمار R2 با میزان 86/23 تن در هکتار نداشت. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد از زمان T2 با میزان 30.83 تن در هکتار و از منبع S1 بیشترین عملکرد 27.38 تن در هکتار به دست آمد. با توجه به این نتایج، بیشترین عملکرد مربوط به تیمار R2S1T2 بود. Manuscript profile
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        812 - Studying Effects of Using Green Marketing Strategy on Customers Preference in Buying and Consumers Loyalty to Green Home Appliance Brand.
        ali Yavari jafar beykzad
        Manuscript profile
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        813 - Studying the Role of Subsidy Fertile at Dehaghan Urban Family Energy
        A. Hortamani A. Mirtalaee M. Karimkhani
        This study examines household energy consumption (water, electricity and gas) before and after the subsidies have been investigated. The results of this&nbsp; research project show that the amount of any energy items (water, electricity and gas )has reduced significantl More
        This study examines household energy consumption (water, electricity and gas) before and after the subsidies have been investigated. The results of this&nbsp; research project show that the amount of any energy items (water, electricity and gas )has reduced significantly in the first six months of 1390(2011)in comparison with that of the same period&nbsp; in 1389(2010)In the next step of this research project the effect of some variables&nbsp; such as the number of the people in a family, as well as the educational&nbsp;&nbsp; status&nbsp; occupation&nbsp; and the gender of the head of the family has been investigated .The results indicate that regarding the electricity, the number of the people in a family and the occupation and the gender of the head of the family has had significant effects on the reduction of the amount of electricity consumed&nbsp; by the households. However the educational status of the head of the family as a variable have had no significant effect on the trend of consumption .Also, with respect to the water the performance of the related statistical&nbsp; experiments (tests)Showed that only the number of the people of the family (as a variable)has influenced the changes regarding the&nbsp; amount of consumed water by the household and other variables&nbsp; such as the gender or the occupation&nbsp; of the head of the family have had no significant&nbsp; effect on the process of the reduction of the consumption of water. At last, with respect to gas, none of the variables that is, the number of the people in a family, the occupation and the gender and the educational status of the head of the family have had no significant effect on the reduction of the consumption of gas. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        814 - The Effects of Globalization on renewable and non-renewable energy consumption: Case Study: Selected Developing Countries
        seyyed Ali Paytakhti Oskooe Laleh Tabaghchi Akbari
        Nowadays, globalization as an inevitably phenomenon changes the relations of production, financial relations, government relations and cultural characteristics, resulting increase in production and consumption of the countries. Move of developing countries towards econo More
        Nowadays, globalization as an inevitably phenomenon changes the relations of production, financial relations, government relations and cultural characteristics, resulting increase in production and consumption of the countries. Move of developing countries towards economic openness and integration into the global economy leads to different results, which one of the most important changes is in the field of energy. In this paper the effect of the combined indices of globalization on the renewable energy consumption (power and nuclear energy) and nonrenewable (fossil fuels coal, petroleum and natural gas) has been studied for the 8 selected developing countries (especially Iran) during the period 2001 to 2015. In order to estimate the effects of variables, Panel ARDL technique has been employed. The estimation results show that globalization has positive effect on the renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption. This means that globalization leads to increase in consumption of renewable and nonrenewable energy Manuscript profile
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        815 - Analyzing the Consequences of Targeted Subsidies on Various Sectors of the Economy and the Unwanted Strategies for Reducing the Consequences
        F. Mehrabani
        Until now what has been neglected in subsidies in the country is accurate targeting of this policy, until now subsidizing has been in a public form. Therefore, targeted subsidies can overcome the problem. However, targeted subsidies, in the absence of favorable conditio More
        Until now what has been neglected in subsidies in the country is accurate targeting of this policy, until now subsidizing has been in a public form. Therefore, targeted subsidies can overcome the problem. However, targeted subsidies, in the absence of favorable conditions, may cause serious damage to various economic sectors. This article tries to diagnose the problems of targeted subsidy and show the alternatives to reduce the problems. The methodology used in this research was a descriptive one and therefore we used the statistics contained in the central bank's balance sheet and energy Statistical Yearbook. The results reflect the fact that the subsidy project (i.e., not targeted) as it stands now will lead to a fiscal illusion and increases the dependence on oil revenues, infation and financial funds disorders. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        816 - Effect of Income Inequality on Consumption Expenditure Inequality in Iran, 1982-2007
        M.H. Fotros R. Maaboudi
        On the basis of macroeconomic consumption theories, consumption behavior as compared to income is more stable. Overtime income inequality that is, appeared as fluctuation and dispersion in income, would affect consumption expenditure. In this paper the extent of consump More
        On the basis of macroeconomic consumption theories, consumption behavior as compared to income is more stable. Overtime income inequality that is, appeared as fluctuation and dispersion in income, would affect consumption expenditure. In this paper the extent of consumption expenditure inequality that are caused by income fluctuation and dispersion was analyzed. The inequalitiesof household consumption expenditure were analyzed for eight goods and services categories. Urban household budget panel data for the years of 1982 to 2007 were used and causal relationship between the variables analyzed. The results showed that not all of the fluctuation and dispersion in income were transferred to consumption expenditure. Therefore, consumption expenditure was less dispersed than income. Manuscript profile
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        817 - effect of different tillage methods and microelement levels on yield and yield components in Zea mays L.
        محمد شریف مقذسی
        هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی اثرات روش‏های مختلف خاک‏ورزی حفاظتی و محلول پاشی با عناصر ریز مغذی بر اجزاء عملکرد و عملکرد ذرت علوفه‏ای هیبرید 704 سینگل کراس به عنوان کشت دوم پس از گندم بود. این آزمایش به صورت اسپیلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی و با سه تکرار در More
        هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی اثرات روش‏های مختلف خاک‏ورزی حفاظتی و محلول پاشی با عناصر ریز مغذی بر اجزاء عملکرد و عملکرد ذرت علوفه‏ای هیبرید 704 سینگل کراس به عنوان کشت دوم پس از گندم بود. این آزمایش به صورت اسپیلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی و با سه تکرار در شهرستان بابلسر در سال 1392 انجام شد. آزمایشات نشان داد جوانه زنی در همه تیمارها مشابه بود. نوع شخم اثر معنی داری بر وزن خشک گیاه در تمام دوران رشد گیاه گذاشت و موجب کاهش آن در روش بدون شخم و سطح آهن کود و روی صفر گرم بر لیتر شد. اما در همین روش شخم و با سطح کود آهن 30 میلی‏گرم بر لیتر و سطح روی مایع 40 میلی‏گرم بر لیتر عملکرد به طور معنی‏داری افزایش یافته و بطور معنی‏داری عملکردش با عملکرد گیاه در روش شخم و دیسک قابل مقایسه بود. شاخص سطح برگ از روند مشابهی پیروی کرد. قطر ساقه در روش‏های مختلف شخم بطور معنی‏داری متفاوت بود. کمترین قطر ساقه در روش بدون شخم و سطح کود مایع آهن و روی صفر، بدست آمد. اما در روش‏های بدون شخم و حداقل شخم، با سطح کود مایع آهن 30 میلی گرم بر لیتر و کود مایع روی 80 میلی‏گرم بر لیتر، افزایش معنی‏داری در برگ و قطر ساقه بدست آمد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که مصرف کودهای میکرو به ویژه کلات روی موجب افزایش عملکرد ذرت علوفه‏ای گردید. با توجه به نتایج فوق محلول‏پاشی عناصر ریز مغذی روی و آهن در دو زمان ساقه رفتن و ظهور گل تاجی برای افزایش عملکرد ذرت هیبرید 704 در بابلسر در روش بدون شخم و حداقل شخم زراعی توصیه می‏شود. Manuscript profile
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        818 - The study assessed effect of irrigation and nutrition management on yield and water productivity of forge and grain maize hybrids (S.c.704) in the north of the country
        R. Rezaei Sokht Abandani M. Rezaei N. Rezaei M. Ebrahimi
        Experimental crop year from 2010-2011 as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station, salesperson biokola (Neka) was performed. The main factor for irrigation interval is in four levels of I1, I2, I3 an More
        Experimental crop year from 2010-2011 as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station, salesperson biokola (Neka) was performed. The main factor for irrigation interval is in four levels of I1, I2, I3 and I4 (75, 100, 125 and 150mm grouped evaporation from pan evaporation respectively) and nitrogen sub factors are which equal to zero, 200 and 400 urea kg in hectar. Results show that more wet forage performance reached in hectar with 125mm evaporation from pan evaporation in irrigation interval 71230 in hectar, but the most wet forage performance in hectar in gain with 75 and 125mm evaporation from pan evaporation respectively which is equal 19030 and 17810 kg in hectar. Maximum profitability of dry material water usage reached with 125mm irrigation interval in evaporation from evaporation pan is equal to 15.37 kg on mg. Most performance of wet forage reached in wet forage performance according to irrigation + raining under the care of interaction effects in irrigation interval &times; nitrogen fertilizer for cares with 125mm irrigation interval and 150mm evaporation from evaporation pan with and 184 kg nitrogen usage in hectar which is equal 79200, 13000 kg in hectar and 67.34 and 12.44 percent. Manuscript profile
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        819 - The study of effects Erath worm, compost and soil tissue on soil traits, quantity and quality yield salvia officinalis
        M. Sharif Moghadasi S. Azizi,
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;In order to investigate the effects of compost and earth worm on and quantity and quality yield of salvia officinalis, an experimental was carried out based on factorial in completely randomized block design with three replications in expe More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;In order to investigate the effects of compost and earth worm on and quantity and quality yield of salvia officinalis, an experimental was carried out based on factorial in completely randomized block design with three replications in experimental in the Challus University in 2014. The treatments were included 1-Erath worm with application levels (0.10 and 20 class) 2-compost with consumption levels (0 and 30g per pot) and 3-type soil tissue (sand and clay). The evaluation of characteristics was included, dry matter of plant, rate of essence, CEC, OM%, N%, pH and EC. The highest of dry matter of plant and rate of essence with interaction effects treatment application Erath worm and consumption of 30g compost was obtained. Maximum N percentage of soil (0.47), OM percentage (1.53), CEC (23.66) in interaction effects 20 class earth worm with 30g compost achieved application of earth worm induce EC increased significantly. Increase dry matter of plant and rate essence that was affected Application earth worm and compost consumption induce to dry matter of plant and rate essence increased because CEC, %OM and %N soil with treatments of application earth worn with compost were increased. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        820 - Effects of different conservative tillage methods and microelements on yield of Zea mays L.
        M. Sharif Mogaddasi S. Azizi
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To evaluate the effect of tillage methods and levels of Fe and Zn as microelements on yield and yield fractions of filed corn single cross 704 cultivar, factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replicatio More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To evaluate the effect of tillage methods and levels of Fe and Zn as microelements on yield and yield fractions of filed corn single cross 704 cultivar, factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was performed. Experiments were carried out in 2013 in Babolsar in Mazandaran province in Iran. According to the variance analysis results tillage has statistical significant effect (P&lt;0.01) on plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf area index, forage yield and dried forage yield. Fe 30 mg/lit and 40 mg/lit Zn significantly affected the plant height, stem diameter, forage yield and dried forage yield, but did not affected leaf length and leaf area index. The results showed that tillage enhances yield and yield fractions and tillage with disk has highest effect. The highest amount of leaf area index was obtained at disk tillage with different levels of Fe and Zn. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        821 - Effects of irrigation interval and nitrogen degree on dry mater yield and water usage efficiency of corn in Mazandaran province
        R. Rezaei Sokht Abandani A. Charati Araei D. Akbari Nodehi H. Mobasser M. Ramezani
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to study irrigation interval effects and various using Nitrogen on yield of corn (K.Sc 704) was accomplished during 2008-2009. The experiment was carried on as split plot based on RCBD with 3 replications in Bayekola research farm of ag More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to study irrigation interval effects and various using Nitrogen on yield of corn (K.Sc 704) was accomplished during 2008-2009. The experiment was carried on as split plot based on RCBD with 3 replications in Bayekola research farm of agricultural research campus in Neka in Mazandaran province. Traits were selected as irrigation interval are in four levels (I1, I2, I3&nbsp; and I4 respectively as 75, 100, 125 and 150 mm accumulation evaporation of evaporation pan A class) as maim plot and three levels of Nitrogen (0, 92 and 184 kg Nitrogen that respectively substitute zero ,200 and 400 kg urea in hectare) as sub plots. Results showed that minimum of dry mater weight and yield was related to 150 mm evaporation of evaporation pan A class. The maximum forage yield and water usage efficiency obtained in I3. Bush height, dry weight in square meter, corn length, wet forage weight in hectare, efficiency of water usage, efficiency of dry material water usage, percent of water than dry weight and efficiency of water usage was largest 184 kgN/ha and lowest degree was gained under treatment without usage of called characteristics Nitrogen. Maximal of water percent than dry weight, efficiency of dry material water and maximal of water usage biological efficiency according to production of evaporation pan Aclass was gained with usage of 184 kgN/ha, maximal efficiency of water usage with 150 mm evaporation of evaporation pan a class was gained with usage 184 kgN/ha. Manuscript profile
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        822 - Effect of nitroxin, nitrogen and manure application on yield, nitrogen use efficiency and Some crop characteristics in sweet corn
        M. Sharifi M. Mirzakhani N. A. Sajedi
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to effect nitroxin levels of nitrogen and manure application on nitrogen use efficiency and some quantitative traits in sweet corn varieties as Chase factorial experimental design based on randomized complete block with three repl More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to effect nitroxin levels of nitrogen and manure application on nitrogen use efficiency and some quantitative traits in sweet corn varieties as Chase factorial experimental design based on randomized complete block with three replications in agricultural research farm in 2010, Islamic Azad University Arak was performed. Factors studied include two levels nitroxin inoculated and non inoculated with the seed, pure nitrogen at three levels 0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1 and manure at three levels 10, 20 and 30 tons ha-1 were. The results showed nitroxin on the characteristics of grain per ear, ear away from the field level, cob weight, grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency had the effect, so that the increase of grain per ear, cob weight, grain yield per hectare and nitrogen use efficiency was. Animal manure also on the characteristics of grain per ear, ear away from the field level, ear leaf area, grain hectolitre weight, grain yield per hectare and nitrogen use efficiency had the effect, so that reduces the nitrogen use efficiency and grain per ear was. Nitrogen effects on grain protein, cob weight, ear leaf area, grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency was significantly increased grain protein and grain yield per hectare was. Excess nitrogen and manure significantly reduced nitrogen use efficiency was also inoculated seed nitroxin positive effect on nitrogen use efficiency found. Manuscript profile
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        823 - Efficiency of Planting Pattern, Herbicide and Application Amount on Weed Management in Broomcorn (Sorghum bicolor) in Miyaneh Zone
        F. Lotfi Mavi S. Samadi Maman
        In order to investigate the integrated weed management on broomcorn farms, a field experiment was conducted of 2010 in Qazvin region. The experimental design was randomized complete block with 24 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments included different planting patt More
        In order to investigate the integrated weed management on broomcorn farms, a field experiment was conducted of 2010 in Qazvin region. The experimental design was randomized complete block with 24 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments included different planting patterns whit three levels, including planting a row, double row (planting square) and (planting zigzag) and herbicide use on two levels, including nicosulfuron and foramsulfuron and dose of herbicides&nbsp; in four levels, including 1, 1/5, 2 and 2/5 liters per hectare. Three samples of weeds after treatments were applied based on the percentage of control density and weed dry weight by comparison with control per plot was calculated. The results showed that among the different patterns of planting, planting density and the zigzag had the greatest loss of weed dry weight. foramsulfuron herbicide was better than nicosulfuron to control of weeds. Between the doses treatments, used 2/5 litter herbicide dose per hectare had the greatest reduction weed dry weight. And used 1 litter herbicide dose per hectare had the least reduction weed dry weight. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        824 - Effect of cycocel and Zinc Foliar Application on protein content and important elements and water use efficiency on Corn under water defcit condition
        ehsan Abbaspour Jafar Masoud Sinaki Zarin taj Alipour Sakine Saeedi Sar
        &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To study the effect of water stress and the application of growth regulator (cycocel ) and Zinc spray on the protein rate, the major elements and some physical characteristics in corn (hybrid Ns540) .A split-split plot experime More
        &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To study the effect of water stress and the application of growth regulator (cycocel ) and Zinc spray on the protein rate, the major elements and some physical characteristics in corn (hybrid Ns540) .A split-split plot experimental with three replications in a randomized complete block design in Semnan Agricultural Research Station in 2010 in was run. The main factor included three levels of irrigation (irrigation complete, disconnect the water at 71 BBCH and 61 BBCH) in main plots and taking cycocel three levels (without taking cycocel consumption cycocel 1500, and 3000 parts per million) in the subplots and spraying zinc sulfate in three levels (no foliar applications, foliar applications of zinc sulfate at 3 and 5kg per thousands) as the subplots - are considered minor. Analysis of variance showed that the impact of cut irrigation on protein content, major elements such as phosphorus, potash, zinc, copper and iron, and water use efficiency is significantly. With the increased tension of the grain protein content and concentration of phosphorus, potash, zinc, iron and copper were reduced and increased water use efficiency. That results showed, taking cycocel, potash and phosphor decreased and other indicators increased. Zinc&nbsp; spraying the exception of the iron (Fe) increase in other indicators. the Correlation between Important elements and components of protein content and water use efficiency showed that Positive and significant correlation between water use efficiency and a high copper content of 0.474 percent is established And grain protein correlated with leaf phosphorus content of 0.522 percent. The findings can be to corn-growing of Semnan and similar region drought conditions that prohibit the use of certain materials and components that manufacturers offer to achieve good economic performance and quality. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        825 - Effect of biofertilizer and nitrogen on nitrogen use efficiency and harvest index of two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars
        M. Najari Sadeghi B. Mirshekari S. Baser Koochebagh S. Allahyari
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to study effects of biofertilizer and nitrogen on nitrogen use efficiency and harvest index of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) an experiment was conducted with nitrogen rate (0, 33, 67, 100 kg/ha urea), seed biofertilization with nitragin More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to study effects of biofertilizer and nitrogen on nitrogen use efficiency and harvest index of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) an experiment was conducted with nitrogen rate (0, 33, 67, 100 kg/ha urea), seed biofertilization with nitragin and wheat cultivars (Alvand and MV17). Results showed that with increasing of urea application fertile tillers number per plant improved. When biofertilized seeds were planted, grain yield increased from 6017 kg/ha in control to 6591 kg/ha in application of 33 kg/ha urea and 6954 kg/ha in 67 kg/ha urea in Alvand, and from 3547 kg/ha in control to 4428 kg/ha in application of 33 kg/ha urea and 4724 kg/ha in 67 kg/ha urea in MV17. Seed biofertilization with nitragin increased harvest index of crop up to 2.3%. In biofertilized treatments, when wheat plants were fertilized with lower dose of urea, grain yield improved in both cultivars. With increasing of urea rate from 67 to 100 kg/ha the yield reduced. In non-biofertilized plants grain yield in those plots fertilized with full dose of urea was the highest. In experiment environmental condition with wheat seed biofertilization before planting we can improve grain yield and reduce urea application up to 33% of recommended dose. Manuscript profile
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        826 - Investigation of irrigation management and manure use for increasing water use efficiency in corn (SC 704)
        R. Hassanzadeh S. Chavoshi H. Madani A. Asgari
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to investigate of manure consumption on used efficiency in corn (SC704) an experiment was conducted in agricultural researches center of Hajiabad in Hormozgan. The experimental design was CRBD with four replications. Main plots were con More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to investigate of manure consumption on used efficiency in corn (SC704) an experiment was conducted in agricultural researches center of Hajiabad in Hormozgan. The experimental design was CRBD with four replications. Main plots were considered as four irrigation methods (irrigation of one side of hills to full growth, one side of hills Till steming and then from Two sides, one side of hills Till flowering then from Two sides irrigation) and four amounts of manure (0, 10, 20 and 30 ton/ha) were considered as subplots. Results showded that irrigation method and using manure have significant effects on water used efficiency, yield, 1000 cernel weight, biomass, number of grain per row and stem diameter (p&lt;0.01). Maximum grain yield was related to Two side irrigation by 10070 kg/ha when 30 ton/ha manure. Also Maximum dry matter was related to notice trait. Manuscript profile
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        827 - Determination of optimum production condition and characterization of Potassium Ferrate particles synthesized by electrochemical method
        Sina Samimi Sede احسان صائب نوری seyed Ali Hasanzadeh Tabrizi
        Production efficiency and energy consumption are two important factors in electrochemical synthesis of potassium ferrate particles. In this research, the effects of different parameters including applied current density, KOH electrolyte concentration and its temperature More
        Production efficiency and energy consumption are two important factors in electrochemical synthesis of potassium ferrate particles. In this research, the effects of different parameters including applied current density, KOH electrolyte concentration and its temperature on production efficiency and energy consumption have been studied. The condition of optimized production has achieved in current density of 40 mA.cm-2, 13M KOH electrolyte with temperature of 70 oC for two hours. In this situation, the production efficiency was 84.63% and the energy consumption was 5.05 kwh/kg. In next step, the effect of time duration on production efficiency, purity, formed phases and the size of potassium ferrate particles has been investigated in optimal condition. The results showed that due to decomposition of potassium ferrate particles with time, iron hydroxides and oxides components have been formed which reduces the purity and production efficiency. The sizes of potassium ferrate particles were measured by two method of Debye-Scherrer and modified Debye-Scherrer. This revealed that the size of potassium ferrate particles increases as time passes. Manuscript profile
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        828 - Decreasing Daily Salt Intake by Drinking Water before Thirst Stimulation
        F. Heydarpour S.N. Mousavinasab B. Moradi
        The current recommendations to reduce salt intake from 9 to 12 g/d to 5 to 6 g/d will have a major effect on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease but are not ideal. A minimal increase in the plasma osmolality of 1–2% induces thirst, hypovolemia, hypotension, and an More
        The current recommendations to reduce salt intake from 9 to 12 g/d to 5 to 6 g/d will have a major effect on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease but are not ideal. A minimal increase in the plasma osmolality of 1–2% induces thirst, hypovolemia, hypotension, and angiotensin II are the most known of thirst stimuli. Some of stimuli for thirst and salt appetite are common; hence, following stimulation of thirst, an increase in salt appetite occurred. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of water deprivation in Ramadan on daily salt intake in fasting people. 30 male fasting students were selected for the experiment and their 24 hours urinary sodium excretion was measured during one day of Shaban and Ramadan. An increase and decrease more than 15% in 24 hours urine sodium was considered as remarkable changes. 5 specimens were eradicated from the study due to previous recommendation about 24-h creatinine excretion. Changes in 24 hours urine sodium during Ramadan in comparison with Shaban were unremarkable in 7 subjects. Remarkable decrease and increase were observed in 10 and 8 subjects respectively. Similar to the effect of fasting on weight, blood pressure, and appetite, fasting has a double effect on salt consumption. As during fasting, other parameters affected fasted salt appetite, so the pure effect of thirst on salt appetite were covered by other parameters. Over and above, it can be mentioned if individuals consumes water more than usual before thirst stimulation and the intervals between drinking water is reduced, it will lead to salt appetite suppression. Manuscript profile
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        829 - The Impact of Spent Mushroom Compost and Fertilizer on Esophagus Histological Indices of Some Cultured Warm Water Species
        Khaled Roshanfekr Rahim Abdi Mohammad Ali Salari Aliabadi Zahra Basir
        We investigated the impact of button mushroom compost and fertilizer on tissues structure of four cultured warm water species at Shahid Ahmadian Khorramshahr, Khuzestan Province, and southern Iran. Juveniles with an average weight of 69.60 &plusmn; 1.28 gr for two month More
        We investigated the impact of button mushroom compost and fertilizer on tissues structure of four cultured warm water species at Shahid Ahmadian Khorramshahr, Khuzestan Province, and southern Iran. Juveniles with an average weight of 69.60 &plusmn; 1.28 gr for two months in six pools with button mushroom compost and fertilizers in warm water fish culture were fed. During breeding, treatment groups and control were fed by button mushroom compost and chemical fertilizer. At the end of the stipulated time and biometrics, 5 mm tissue samples removed from the middle part of the esophagus after tissue preparing sections staining with (H &amp; E), were studied using light microscope equipped with Dinolite lens. Number of goblet cells and thickness of epithelium of the esophagus in the treatment group were increased compared to the control group in silver carp and big head species. However, in common carp and grass carp, it was unemployed. Moreover, thickness of the muscular layer of the esophagus in four species in treatment than the control group was more of significant difference (P&lt;0.05). Manuscript profile
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        830 - Effects of Adagio and Allegro Music on Craving Consumption in Adult Male Rats Consuming Methamphetamine
        S.S. Shojaei S.E. Hosseini
        Nowadays, millions of people around the world abused methamphetamine as drug in order to enjoy the day. With regard to the side and addictive effects of this drug, this study aimed to investigate the effects of Adagio and Allegro music on craving consumption in rats tre More
        Nowadays, millions of people around the world abused methamphetamine as drug in order to enjoy the day. With regard to the side and addictive effects of this drug, this study aimed to investigate the effects of Adagio and Allegro music on craving consumption in rats treated with methamphetamine. This experimental study was performed in Islamic Azad University of Marvdasht, Iran in 2016. Overall, 70 adult male rats were divided into control group (no treatment), sham (treated with a solvent) and 5 experimental groups receiving 1mg/kg methamphetamine influenced Adagio music, Allegro music, Adagio music with methamphetamine and Allegro music with methamphetamine. To assess craving consumption, conditioned place preference method was used. At the end, the data were evaluated using ANOVA and Tukey-test using SPSS-18. Significant differences of data at P&le;0.05 were observed from the data analysis. Using methamphetamine and Adagio music alone and with each other as well as Allegro music with methamphetamine resulted in a significant increase Conditioned Place Preference at P&le;0/01 compared to the control group while the Allegro music alone showed no significant effect. Music and methamphetamine probably by stimulating oxytocin and dopamine systems of the brain caused to increase the conditioned place preference; therefore, likely Adagio music can be employed as a safe way to reduce craving consumption in abusers. Manuscript profile
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        831 - ساخت یک سیستم انتقال نور کاربردی با هدف تامین روشنایی یک اتاق با مصرف انرژی صفر
        جواد اشکبوس اصفهانی شاهرخ شجاعیان
        از جمله کاربردهای فیبر نوری که در اواخر قرن بیستم بعنوان یک فناوری روشنایی متداول شده کاربرد آن در سیستم‌های روشنایی می باشد. در این مقاله، در راستای همین کاربرد، کاهش انرژی مصرفی بکمک انتقال نور خورشید از بام ساختمان تا یک محل مورد نظر با رعایت استانداردهای مربوطه بررس More
        از جمله کاربردهای فیبر نوری که در اواخر قرن بیستم بعنوان یک فناوری روشنایی متداول شده کاربرد آن در سیستم‌های روشنایی می باشد. در این مقاله، در راستای همین کاربرد، کاهش انرژی مصرفی بکمک انتقال نور خورشید از بام ساختمان تا یک محل مورد نظر با رعایت استانداردهای مربوطه بررسی شده و طرحی اجرایی برای آن پیاده سازی شده است. اهداف مقاله صرفه جویی در مصرف انرژی، انطباق روشنایی محیط با نیازهای روحی و روانی انسان و محیط زیست، بستر سازی جهت تولید انبوه و ایجاد زمینه های درآمدی آتی برای دانشگاه میباشد.در مقاله حاضر علاوه بر نحوه ی متمرکز کردن نور برای ایجاد چگالی بیشتر، تحقیقاتی هم در مورد نحوه انتقال نور توسط فیبر نوری انجام شد و از آنجا که در این مورد مدل ریاضی لازم هنوز تدوین نشده از آزمایش های عملی و تحلیل آماری نتایج در این تحقیق استفاده گردید. با استفاده از چندین عدسی و چند مدل فیبر نوری و یک دستگاه کنترل موقعیت که بطور خاص برای این مقاله ساخته شده بود، آزمایشهای متعددی انجام شد و مقادیر شدت روشنایی حاصله توسط لوکس متر اندازه گیری گردید و پس از آن نتایج توسط نرم افزار آماری 17 SPSS V. تحلیل گردید. در انتها براساس نتایج اخیر بهترین نوع عدسی و فیبر به همراه روش سرراستی برای طراحی روشنایی یک اتاق نوعی با این روش ارائه گردید. Manuscript profile
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        832 - اثر استفاده از گیربکس پیوسته متغیر (CVT) بر عملکرد خودروی سمند
        محسن اصفهانیان محسن نیک‌بین
        در این مقاله به بررسی استفاده‌ی از گیربکسهای پیوسته متغیر (CVT) بر روی خودرو‫ی داخلی سمند پرداخته شده است. برای بررسی چگونگی استفاده از آن بررو‫ی خودرو‫ی سمند، این خودرو‫ با مکانیزم &nbsp;CVT در محیط نرم‌افزار ADVISOR شبیه‌ساز‫ی شده و سپس با سمند فعلی که دارا‫ی جعبه‌دند More
        در این مقاله به بررسی استفاده‌ی از گیربکسهای پیوسته متغیر (CVT) بر روی خودرو‫ی داخلی سمند پرداخته شده است. برای بررسی چگونگی استفاده از آن بررو‫ی خودرو‫ی سمند، این خودرو‫ با مکانیزم &nbsp;CVT در محیط نرم‌افزار ADVISOR شبیه‌ساز‫ی شده و سپس با سمند فعلی که دارا‫ی جعبه‌دنده معمولی است، مقا‫یسه شده است. سپس، به تحلیل نتا‫یج حاصل از عملکرد ا‫ین خودرو‫ی شبیه‌ساز‫ی شده پرداخته شده ‌است. ‫این تحلیل شامل انتخاب و معرفی سیکل حرکت شهر‫ی مناسب، میزان مصرف سوخت و عملکرد خودرو تحت سیکل حرکتی ‫یکسان برای هر&nbsp; دو خودرو است. اثر سیکلها‫ی حرکتی مختلف و بررسی رفتار قوا‫ی محرکه نیز در هر دو صورت گرفته‌است. نتا‫یج به‌دست آمده نمایانگر کاهش مصرف سوخت و افزا‫یش بازده نها‫یی در اثر استفاده از مکانیزم CVT است. در انتها ارزش اقتصادی استفاده از این مکانیزم CVT به اختصار بیان شده است. Manuscript profile
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        833 - ساخت یک سیستم انتقال نور کاربردی با هدف تامین روشنایی یک اتاق با مصرف انرژی صفر
        جواد اشکبوس اصفهانی شاهرخ شجاعیان
        از جمله کاربردهای فیبر نوری که در اواخر قرن بیستم بعنوان یک فناوری روشنایی متداول شده کاربرد آن در سیستم‌های روشنایی می باشد. در این مقاله، در راستای همین کاربرد، کاهش انرژی مصرفی بکمک انتقال نور خورشید از بام ساختمان تا یک محل مورد نظر با رعایت استانداردهای مربوطه بررس More
        از جمله کاربردهای فیبر نوری که در اواخر قرن بیستم بعنوان یک فناوری روشنایی متداول شده کاربرد آن در سیستم‌های روشنایی می باشد. در این مقاله، در راستای همین کاربرد، کاهش انرژی مصرفی بکمک انتقال نور خورشید از بام ساختمان تا یک محل مورد نظر با رعایت استانداردهای مربوطه بررسی شده و طرحی اجرایی برای آن پیاده سازی شده است. اهداف اصلی مقاله عبارتند از: 1- &nbsp;صرفه جویی در مصرف انرژی 2- انطباق روشنایی محیط با نیازهای روحی و روانی انسان و محیط زیست 3- بستر سازی جهت تولید انبوه و ایجاد زمینه های درآمدی آتی برای دانشگاه در مقاله حاضر علاوه بر نحوه ی متمرکز کردن نور برای ایجاد چگالی بیشتر، تحقیقاتی هم در مورد نحوه انتقال نور توسط فیبر نوری انجام شد و از آنجا که در این مورد مدل ریاضی لازم هنوز تدوین نشده از آزمایش های عملی و تحلیل آماری نتایج در این تحقیق استفاده گردید. با استفاده از چندین عدسی و چند مدل فیبر نوری و یک دستگاه کنترل موقعیت (که بطور خاص برای این مقاله ساخته شده بود)، آزمایشهای متعددی انجام شد و مقادیر شدت روشنایی حاصله توسط لوکس متر اندازه گیری گردید و پس از آن نتایج توسط نرم افزار آماری 17 SPSS V. تحلیل گردید. در انتها براساس نتایج اخیر بهترین نوع عدسی و فیبر به همراه روش سرراستی برای طراحی روشنایی یک اتاق نوعی با این روش ارائه گردید. Manuscript profile
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        834 - Presenting a Novel Model for Intelligent Electrical Consumption Management of Hospital Equipment by Using Goal Programming
        horie sadat hadadi hamed shakori ganji aliyeh kazemi armin dahnad
        Nowadays, energy management is highly regarded throughoutthe world. High energy consumption leads to high costs for consumers in thelong term and at the national level. In this study by modified consumptionpatterns and presenting a proposed plan, it has been tried to op More
        Nowadays, energy management is highly regarded throughoutthe world. High energy consumption leads to high costs for consumers in thelong term and at the national level. In this study by modified consumptionpatterns and presenting a proposed plan, it has been tried to optimizeelectrical energy consumption in hospitals.The proposed model is agoal programming model. Objective functions consist of minimization of peakenergy consumption and minimization of electricity costs. Some constraintssuch as daily energy requirements and user preferences have been modeled usingmixed integer programming. Regarding objective functions, three differentscenarios have been considered.The developed model canbe easily performed in a hospital unit. The combined scenario that has been considered both objectivessimultaneously is the best.The proposed model is apractical one for intelligent management of electrical consumption. Thus,performing the model in hospitals is recommended Manuscript profile
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        835 - Providing a Practical Model for Purchasing Decisions in the Context of Environmental Uncertainty in the Housing Market
        Mehdi Reyvandi mohamad haghighi Alireza Irani
        In today's world, the uncertainty of the housing market causes a lot of social-economic damage for any country, this issue causes fluctuations in the lack of buying and investing in housing. The main goal of this research is to provide a strategic model to ensure consum More
        In today's world, the uncertainty of the housing market causes a lot of social-economic damage for any country, this issue causes fluctuations in the lack of buying and investing in housing. The main goal of this research is to provide a strategic model to ensure consumer decision-making in conditions of uncertainty in the housing market. The current research has been fundamental and practical in terms of its purpose, and in terms of its nature, it is considered part of survey research, and in terms of the approach of this research, it is part of qualitative research. The statistical community of experts in the field of housing (experts of real estate trading companies and experts of housing and urban development organization and subordinate bodies) of Tehran province is Tehran city. Finally, 20 experts participated in this research by using theoretical saturation and coding 241 phrases and introducing 9 concepts that were classified into six major categories of the paradigm model. The results obtained in six cases, which include environmental uncertainty, reassurance discourse, intervening factors, background factors, competitive strategies, and purchasing legitimacy have been identified and the consequence of this decision-making pattern in conditions of purchase uncertainty is to improve the sales performance of companies. Considering the environmental uncertainties in the housing market, it is important to strengthen the confidence-seeking discourse in consumer purchases, which provides the basis for improving the legitimacy of the investor's investment. Manuscript profile
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        836 - An Identification of Factors Influencing Compensatory Consumer Behavior Strategies Choice in Encountering Discrepancy between Actual Self and Ideal Self
        elham samadzadeh mohamad ali abdolvand
        &nbsp; Very little research has been done about when each of compensatory consumer behavior strategies occurs. Therefore, the present research has been done to fill the gap by identification of factors influencing compensatory consumer behavior strategies choice in enc More
        &nbsp; Very little research has been done about when each of compensatory consumer behavior strategies occurs. Therefore, the present research has been done to fill the gap by identification of factors influencing compensatory consumer behavior strategies choice in encountering discrepancy between actual self and ideal self. The present research has a qualitative approach and has been done based on grounded theory. In-depth interviews were used for data collection. The sampling was carried out using theoretical sampling method by the use of purposive and snowball techniques. Based on that, twenty-three cosmetic and plastic surgery clients were interviewed in Tehran. The data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin method and paradigm model. Based on results of open coding, axial coding and selective coding, self-discrepancy was selected as the axial category because it appeared in the data repeatedly, and all other major categories could be related, two individual (one's self concept such as one's own skills, competence, or values) and interpersonal (one's standing compared to others) sources cause self-discrepancy, strategies (compensatory consumer behavior strategies) are used under global trends (such as become technological, become aesthetics and &hellip;), social factors, cultural factors, personal factors, psychological factors and demographic factors moderate strategies, two direct resolution and symbolic self-completion strategies are used in response to self-discrepancy, compensatory consumer behavior strategies can reduce or eliminate self-discrepancy. Manuscript profile
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        837 - Identifying the Components Affecting Customer Dissatisfaction in Order to Design Competitive Strategies to be Studied: Requested Video Platforms (VOD) in Iran
        Nader Jafari Haftkhani, Abbas Rahimi
        In discussing consumer behavior in marketing, and considering the importance of customer satisfaction in future buying behavior and customer loyalty for repurchase, the study of factors affecting customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction in businesses has become increas More
        In discussing consumer behavior in marketing, and considering the importance of customer satisfaction in future buying behavior and customer loyalty for repurchase, the study of factors affecting customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction in businesses has become increasingly necessary. this research identifies the factors affecting customer dissatisfaction in the industry of requested video platforms (VODs) in Iran by accepting the framework of the two-factor (two-spectrum) theory of customer satisfaction. To achieve this goal, about 44,000 online data of customers of the two leaders of this market in Iran, namely Filimo and Nemava companies, were collected from three platforms: Bazaar Cafe, Twitter, and Instagram by crawling data method. And mapped the themes of this research were drawn. Findings show that four factors "content weaknesses", "software weaknesses", "high consumer costs", and "poor public relations and communication" are among the factors affecting customer dissatisfaction with Iranian VODs. As a result, it can be said that although improving the status of these factors by each platform will not necessarily lead to customer satisfaction, any effort by these companies to eliminate or reduce the causes of dissatisfaction or improve them can be effective in improving customer satisfaction and improving their competitive position. Manuscript profile
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        838 - بررسی تاثیر تجارت خارجی بر مصرف انرژی در منتخبی از کشورهای عضو سازمان اکو
        رویا آل عمران سیدعلی پایتختی اسکویی
        چکیده از آنجائیکه روند شتابان توسعه اقتصادی و صنعتی در کشورهای جهان، تا حدود زیادی به سطح مصرف حامل های انرژی ارتباط دارد و انرژی بیشترین سهم را در فعالیت ها و تجارت جهانی به خود اختصاص داده است، در این مقاله آثار تجارت خارجی، قیمت نفت و درآمد بر روی مصرف انرژی برای 8 More
        چکیده از آنجائیکه روند شتابان توسعه اقتصادی و صنعتی در کشورهای جهان، تا حدود زیادی به سطح مصرف حامل های انرژی ارتباط دارد و انرژی بیشترین سهم را در فعالیت ها و تجارت جهانی به خود اختصاص داده است، در این مقاله آثار تجارت خارجی، قیمت نفت و درآمد بر روی مصرف انرژی برای 8 کشور از اعضای سازمان اکو طی سالهای 2009-1994 مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. برای برآورد اثرات متغیرها، از تکنیک اقتصاد سنجی با رویکرد داده های تابلویی به شیوه ی حداقل مربعات استفاده شده است. نتایج رگرسیونی نشان می دهد که درآمد دارای تاثیر مثبت و معنی دار، قیمت نفت دارای تاثیر منفی و معنی دار، تجارت خارجی(مجموع صادرات و واردات) دارای تاثیر مثبت و معنی دار بر روی مصرف انرژی می باشند. همچنین به منظور پی بردن بیشتر به جزئیات نتایج، علاوه بر بررسی تجارت خارجی بصورت کلی(مجموع صادرات و واردات)، بررسی هایی نیز بصورت جداگانه بر اساس تفکیک به صادرات و واردات صورت گرفته است، که با توجه به نتایج، صادرات و واردات به تفکیک دارای تاثیر مثبت و معنی دار بر روی مصرف انرژی می باشند. Manuscript profile
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        839 - Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels and plant density on seeds quantity and quality of wheat
        Javad Hamzei mohsen Seyedi afshar Azadbakht Ayob Fesahat
        In order to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and plant density on wheat yield and yield component an experiment was done as factorial bases on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture More
        In order to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and plant density on wheat yield and yield component an experiment was done as factorial bases on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, during 2011-12 growing season. Experimental factors were: fertilizer levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg N ha-1) and plant density (150, 300 and 450 plant m2). According to the data analysis, effect of nitrogen and plant density on all traits except harvest index were significant. Means comparison showed by increasing at N fertilizer; plant height, grain number per spike, 1000-seeds weight, biological yield, chlorophyll index and protein percentage were increased. But, by increasing at plant density; grain number per spike, 1000-seeds weight, chlorophyll index and protein percentage were decreased. The traits such as spike number per m2, grain yield and protein yield were affected by fertilizer &times; density interaction, significantly. The highest grain yield and protein yield (500 and 68.50 g m-2, respectively) were achieved at 160 kg N fertilizer &times; 300 plant per m2 treatment. So, pay attention to the results of present research, it seems that density of 300 plants with consumption of 120 kg N ha-1 is suitable for producing maximum grain and protein yields of wheat. Manuscript profile
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        840 - Potato Irrigation Planning based on Moisture depletion using AquaCrop
        Mohammad Ali Ansari Aslan Egdernezhad Niazali Ebrahimipak
        In order to potato irrigation planning based on moisture depletion, calibrated AquaCrop was used. This model was calibrated using data collected from a research station in Chahartakhteh, Shahrekord, in two years. Then, Aquacrop was implemented under multi run in differe More
        In order to potato irrigation planning based on moisture depletion, calibrated AquaCrop was used. This model was calibrated using data collected from a research station in Chahartakhteh, Shahrekord, in two years. Then, Aquacrop was implemented under multi run in different depletion and irrigation scenarios (DyIx; which y indicates depletion amount and x indicates irrigation amount in mm). Results revealed that there was no water stress under 40 mm depletion and 40 mm irrigation. Crop yield and biomass was so low when depletion was more than 80 mm. In order to apply deficit irrigation, depletion must be between 40 to 70 mm. Based on the results, maximum yield was observed for D40I40 (22.6 ton.ha-1) and minimum yield was observed for D70I20 (10.8 ton.ha-1). In the case of water deficit, D60I40, D60I30, and D65I30 were the best scenarios so that the yields for mentioned scenarios were 16.8, 22.2, and 27 percent less than D40I40 yield. Biomass values for mentioned scenarios were 16.6, 21.8, and 26.7 percent less than D40I40 biomass. Water use efficiency for this scenarios were 0.7 (more), 0.7 (less), and 1.9 (less) than D40I40 one. So, D40I40 and D60I40 were the best scenario in full and deficit irrigation, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        841 - Evaluation of AquaCrop for Simulation of Wheat Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency under Different Irrigation Condition in Farm
        Maryam Abedi Aslan Egdernezhad Niazali Ebrahimipak
        Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world. So, use of crop models helps to have an acceptable estimation of its grain yield in different conditions. Regarding that, in order to evaluate AquaCrop, as one of the most useful crop model, under different irrigati More
        Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world. So, use of crop models helps to have an acceptable estimation of its grain yield in different conditions. Regarding that, in order to evaluate AquaCrop, as one of the most useful crop model, under different irrigation water condition in farm, this research was conducted in Kosar irrigation network located at Khuzistan province. Regarding that, long term data in three farms were collected. Then, 70 percent of data were used for calibration. AquaCrop validation results showed that this model had low error and good efficiency. AquaCrop were evaluated using the remaining 30 percent of data. Results showed that the difference between observed and simulated results for wheat grain yield and water use efficiency were 0.45 ton.ha-1 and 0.05 kg.m-3, respectively. In addition, MBE, RMSE and NRMSE results for wheat grain yield were 0.14 ton.ha-1, 0.52 ton.ha-1 and 0.13, respectively. Those results for water use efficiency were 0.01 kg.m-3, 0.06 kg.m-3 and 0.10, respectively. EF and d values for wheat grain yield 0.3 and 0.99, respectively, and those values for water use efficiency were 0.1 and 0.99, respectively. So, AquaCrop accuracy was acceptable for simulation of both parameters and it is recommended to use this model for simulation of mentioned parameters. Manuscript profile
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        842 - Cultural Typology of Facenama Social Networking’s Popular Users by Grounded Theory Method
        saiid maadani mehdi abedini
        The Information technologies have had significant impacts on society in a way that their most impacts are being on the culture sector. Barlow marks it as the most serious cultural evolution since the discovering of fire. In recent years, one of the most important inform More
        The Information technologies have had significant impacts on society in a way that their most impacts are being on the culture sector. Barlow marks it as the most serious cultural evolution since the discovering of fire. In recent years, one of the most important information technologies is social networking which has grown incredibly in terms of attracting the users. In Iran, the social networking of Facenama could have attracted about 2 million users in 3 years and is located on top of the most popular sites in Iran. The aim of this research is to know that how many cultural types of the Facanama social networking&rsquo;s user can be categorized. Since no studies have been performed on this issue and no specific theories exist about it, the grounded theory was used in this study which is based on no theories. The results showed that 5 main types of users exist in Facenama social networking, including: &ldquo;lover and paying attention to romantic life&rdquo;, &ldquo;interested in religious life and doing religious recommendation&rdquo;, &ldquo;paying attention to the words of elders for a better life&rdquo;, &ldquo;happy, lively and joyful&rdquo; and &ldquo;single, isolated and heartbreak&rdquo;. Manuscript profile
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        843 - Impact and Effectiveness of Contemporary Consumption Culture on Architecture and Urban Planning
        Ali Asgari Razie Fathi
        Production and consumption are not mere economic terms, as they have, for many years, expanded into the sociological realm and spatial analyses. Consumption has been introduced as a key subject in Sociology and Humanities, signifying that the current society is rich in More
        Production and consumption are not mere economic terms, as they have, for many years, expanded into the sociological realm and spatial analyses. Consumption has been introduced as a key subject in Sociology and Humanities, signifying that the current society is rich in consumption ethics. Because architectural and urban spaces involve peoples&rsquo; daily lives thus, it is imperative to address the consumer subject in urban architecture and city planning.This research is an interdisciplinary study that uses a descriptive-analytical approach to explore the contemporary consumer culture and urban and architectural spaces. Reviewing the literature, the study provides a classification of consumer spaces, including commercial and tourism-recreational spaces.This research does not aim to provide a comprehensive conclusion because it strives to enter into spatial dimensions, a subject that has gained the attention of sociologists and thinkers of other scientific assemblies and in the position of architecture and urban planning, the consequences are still original and debatable. Characteristics of intended spaces and their formative and content dimensions reveal that the grave challenges facing our cities are that spaces risk getting empty and converted into platforms for superficial consumption and this issue can be seen and pondered in some cities of the country Manuscript profile
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        844 - The Role of Advertisements in Body Management. (Case Study of Kermanshah citizens)
        alireza hosaini pakdehi yaghob moradi
        &nbsp; These days imagining the word without advertisements is impossible. Every people willingly or unwillingly is under exposition of advertisements. We are affected by these advertisements and running away from these affections is impossible. Some thinkers believe th More
        &nbsp; These days imagining the word without advertisements is impossible. Every people willingly or unwillingly is under exposition of advertisements. We are affected by these advertisements and running away from these affections is impossible. Some thinkers believe that body is affected by advertisement. Men and women by using advertisements codes in media, newspapers magazines and so on try to look good and be coordinated with social and cultural expectations about beauty. These advertisements in media, newspapers and magazines are full of messages which promote beauty surgeries, and sexual attraction of body as a value. The purpose of present study is investigation about the role of advertisement in body management. At first research literature has been reviewed and secondly some hypotheses, based on implant theory and Baudrillard, has been developed. Present survey used self-report questionnaire technique. Sample of study was 400 Kermanshah citizens who have 18 years old and higher. Sampling technique was mixed method by stage by stage and clustering method. Results suggested that there is significant relationship between advertisement and beauty surgery, weight control, clothing both in behavioral and attitudinal dimension. Manuscript profile
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        845 - The evolution of science and technology From unity to plurality (cultural-historical approach)
        abolfazl ahmadi abolfazl zolfaghari
        The divergent trend of science and technology has begun almost 300 B.C. and continued until the middle of the twentieth century. The gradual separation of science from philosophy and then the creation of academic disciplines are two historical evidences of this claim. T More
        The divergent trend of science and technology has begun almost 300 B.C. and continued until the middle of the twentieth century. The gradual separation of science from philosophy and then the creation of academic disciplines are two historical evidences of this claim. The industrial revolution and its consequences, the factory system, the professionalization approach in science and technology, and the analytic thinking, are the most important factors in creation the divergent trend of science and technology. Since the middle of the twentieth century, with the advent of two flows of "interdisciplinaries" and "emergent technologies", the convergence of science and technology has begun. The domination of "systemic thinking" instead of "analytic thinking" and as well as the "deprofessionalization" approach, instead of the "professionalization" approach, are two factors that influence this change of paradigm. In this paper, with a cultural-historical approach and the use of existing documents, we seek to explain the claim that the trend of science and technology has been diverging for several hundred years and gradually, in the mid-twentieth century, evidence of its convergence has been observed. Manuscript profile
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        846 - Artificial Intelligence in Standard Localization of Green Buildings in Iran
        Mohamad Rajabi Javad Majrouhi Sardroud Ali Kheyroddin
        Residential buildings consume a major part of energy, soil and natural materials and play a large role in environmental pollution. Energy consumption in Iran is increasing by 270% in the last 20 years. One of the basic solutions to reduce use of fossil fuels, soil and n More
        Residential buildings consume a major part of energy, soil and natural materials and play a large role in environmental pollution. Energy consumption in Iran is increasing by 270% in the last 20 years. One of the basic solutions to reduce use of fossil fuels, soil and natural materials is the implementation of green buildings. Green buildings reduce the use of natural sand and soil and are generally replaced by micro-produced waste from various industries and mines. Unfortunately, unlike many countries in world, Iran does not have a native green standard and most investors do not have information about benefits of this type of building. In this research, using opinions of experts in the first stage to identify the advantages and obstacles of the implementation of green buildings and in the second stage, using 6 green standards of the world, a total of 68 items in 5 seasons of site, water, energy, materials and the quality of the indoor environment. It has been identified for the native green standard in Iran. The results of 103 questionnaires indicate that the lack of knowledge about green buildings is the biggest obstacle and the high potential of renewable energy production is introduced as the biggest necessity for the implementation of green buildings. Also, among the total number of green standard items, the optimal performance of energy consumption and the use of renewable energies have been identified as the most influential parameters. Finally, based on artificial intelligence, the total green standard score has been calculated. Manuscript profile
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        847 - Effect of different levels of iron and zinc concentrations of micronutrients on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) single cross 260
        Hamid Goudarzi Pourang Kasraie Behnam Zand
        To study the effects of micronutrient concentrations of iron and zinc on maize (Zea maysL.) KSC 260 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications Education - Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Varamin -Pyshva was condu More
        To study the effects of micronutrient concentrations of iron and zinc on maize (Zea maysL.) KSC 260 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications Education - Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Varamin -Pyshva was conducted in July 1392. First of iron sulphate fertilizer at three levels (zero, two, four thousand liters) and the second zinc sulfate fertilizer at three levels (zero, four, eight per liter) is sprayed in two steps (first eight-leaf stage and secondly tassel emergence) was performed. The results showed that the interaction between the treatment of iron concentration on four thousand and four hundred on a test characteristics and biological function of the average 24856.3 (Kg.ha), with an average yield of 9496.5 (Kg.ha), with an average of 9.06 percent protein performance fibers with an average 860.4 (Kg.ha), with an average of 38.72% and harvest index (LAI), with a mean value of 6.27 compared to the control (non-use spray), giving the greatest impact on corn (Zea mays L. ) KSC 260 is in Varamin. Manuscript profile
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        848 - تأثیر یک دوره تمرین مقاومتی همراه با مصرف کافئین بر شاخص آنتی اکسیدانی سوپراکسید ‌دیسموتاز(SOD)و ترکیب بدن در مردان مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2
        مهسا محسن زاده مهدی جلوداران
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        849 - روابط ساختاری هویت برند با رضایتمندی و وفاداری تماشاگران فوتبال شهرتبریز
        وحید سرتیپی علی محمد صفانیا زهرا نوبخت رمضانی
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        850 - بررسی مدل ساختاری رعایت اخلاق کارکنان مجموعه‌های ورزشی شهرداری کرج بر سه بعد رفتاری قبل، حین و بعد از استفاده مشتریان: نقش میانجی نگرش
        رسول مرادی هزاری انسیه فردی اکبر درخشان
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        851 - اعتبارسنجی پرسش‌نامه سبک تصمیم‌گیری خریداران محصولات ورزشی
        احمد محمودی ولی علیزاده علی جمشیدی
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        852 - ارتباط علی بازاریابی عصبی بر رفتار مصرف کننده ورزشی با میانجگری بازاریابی رابطه مند درباشگاه های ورزشی شمالغرب کشور
        حسین میکائیلی مهوش نوربخش مهدی کهندل
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        853 - The Relationship between Brand Love and the Immediate Purchase of Sports Customers Mediated by the Tendency to Hedonistic Consumption
        mehrad atashi Reza nikbakhsh abolfazl farahani alimohammad amirtash alimohammad safaniya
        The present study was conducted with the aim of the relationship between brand love and the immediate purchase of sports customers mediated by hedonistic consumption tendency in Iranian Basketball Premier League players. The method used in this research was descriptive- More
        The present study was conducted with the aim of the relationship between brand love and the immediate purchase of sports customers mediated by hedonistic consumption tendency in Iranian Basketball Premier League players. The method used in this research was descriptive-correlational and based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was the players of the Iranian Basketball Premier League (men and women) in 2020 (364 people). 146 people were selected as a statistical sample using G-Power software by stratified random sampling. Descriptive and inferential methods and structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach were used to analyze the data. The results showed that brand love, instant shopping and hedonistic consumption tendency were higher than the hypothetical average. The tendency to hedonistic consumption also mediates the partial (not complete) effect of brand love on the immediate purchase of sports customers. The coefficient of determining brand love and instant purchase was equal to 0.390 and 0.446, respectively, which indicated a good fit of the model. Therefore, is better for sports brand managers to identify people who love the brand through continuous monitoring of customers and needs assessment. It is also suggested that sports brand managers use the potential of social media to encourage customers to buy instantly in order to improve instant shopping. Manuscript profile
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        854 - مقایسه میزان نبض اکسیژن,حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی و حد اکثر ضربان قلب در دو نوع فعالیت های ورزشی دویدن و رکاب زدن هنگام چرخه قاعدگی
        مهسا محسن زاده
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        855 - تعیین ارتباط دو شاخص HRmax% و Vo2max% جهت تجویز شدت تمرین در مردان بزرگسال چاق
        حمیدرضا ثمری خلج مجتبی ایزدی محمد کریمی
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        856 - تاثیر مکمل دهی تیامین پیروفسفات بر توان هوازی، تجمع لاکتات و حداکثر ضربان قلب طی فعالیت بیشینه در دختران فوتبالیست
        پوران رستمی مسعود معینی شبستری
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        857 - مقایسه اثرات تمرین بر آمادگی جسمانی بازیکنان جوان و بزرگسال نخبه فوتبال
        مرتضی جورکش معصومه کامیاب نیا
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        858 - Investigating the Role of Word of Mouth in the Relationship between Trust and Shopping Behavior of Consumers of Sports Products in Guilan Province
        abbas khodayari seyavash khodaparast javid pourabdi
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of word of mouth in the relationship between trust and consumer buying behavior of sports products in Guilan province. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type. The statistical pop More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of word of mouth in the relationship between trust and consumer buying behavior of sports products in Guilan province. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type. The statistical population of the study was consumers of sports products in Guilan province that 387 people were randomly selected based on Cochran's formula.To collect data, Kim and Park Customer Trust Questionnaire (2013), Bandapi Customer Behavior Questionnaire (2016) and Jang (2007) word of mouth were used. Structural equation modeling and Spss24 and Pls3 software were used to analyze the data and check the model fit. The results showed that customer trust has a direct positive and significant effect on word of mouth (0.55) and can also explain about 52% of customer buying behavior; Word of mouth also has a direct and positive effect on shopping behavior and explains about 42% of its changes; Finally, the effect of customer trust on buying behavior mediated by word of mouth was significant. It can be said that in an environment where consumer confidence in the company and advertising has decreased, word of mouth allows companies and products to influence customer buying behavior. Manuscript profile
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        859 - The Relationship between Neural Marketing and Instant Buying Behavior of Sports Brand Buyers
        mahdi davari Bagher Morsal ali fahiminejad seydmostafa tayebi
        Neural marketing analyzes data obtained from the minds of customers that lead to the recognition and discovery of the unknown and make immediate purchases; Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between neural marketing and instant purchasin More
        Neural marketing analyzes data obtained from the minds of customers that lead to the recognition and discovery of the unknown and make immediate purchases; Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between neural marketing and instant purchasing behavior of sports brand buyers. The statistical population of this study is all the buyers of sports brand stores in the holy city of Mashhad, whose number was unknown. Using two-stage cluster sampling method, 20 large stores in Mashhad were randomly selected and 400 questionnaires were distributed among buyers. In this study, two questionnaires of neural marketing Iser et al. (2011) and immediate buying behavior (2016) were used. Findings showed that neural marketing and all its dimensions have a significant relationship with the immediate purchasing behavior of sports brand buyers (t = 7.94 and r = 0.82). The importance of neural marketing is special and can show decisions on the minds of customers; Neural marketing, therefore, is a new approach in which the brains of customers are precisely examined to determine its function and to simulate how behaviors are formed. Therefore, companies that produce and distribute sports brands, in order to make more profit, should make the use of neural marketing the top priority of their advertising and marketing.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        860 - Al-Azhar and Political Trends in Egypt after Revolution of 2011
        masoud motallebi
        Scientific and cultural centers are one of the most important centers of thought and production of science and play a key role in scientific advancement, as well as in stimulating the intellectual, religious, cultural and political movements of every society. Al-Azhar a More
        Scientific and cultural centers are one of the most important centers of thought and production of science and play a key role in scientific advancement, as well as in stimulating the intellectual, religious, cultural and political movements of every society. Al-Azhar as one of the most important Egyptian universities, but also the Islamic world, has since undergone various ups and downs and has had a major impact on the political, social and cultural developments in Egypt. The present paper, which uses the analytical-descriptive methodology and the historical-analytical sociology approach, seeks to analyze the role of al-Azhar in Egyptian political and cultural trends and developments since the revolution of 2011, which have historic implications that affect the efficiency of this institution. Study in Egyptian society. The results of the research show that al-Azhar, as one of the most important religious institutions in Egypt and in the Sunni world, played a marginal role during the revolution and could not affect the course of the revolution, as a review of the news and events of Egypt and al-Azhar since the January 25th revolution 2011, which led to the fall of Mubarak's dictatorship, suggests that Al-Azhar's role has not only been progressive and effective, but also passive and, at best, impartial, and the cause of this situation must be more than anything else in Al-Azhar's historical affiliation The government searched Egypt. Manuscript profile
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        861 - Brotherhood and Ennahda, the Similar Ideas Differrnt Directions
        Seyed Abdolamir Nabavi Hossein Ebrahimnia
        The initiated of the changes in Tunisia and Egypt are now faced with differing crises In Egypt, the Muslim Brotherhood has virtually collapsed in the wake of the military has been removed from the public sphere; In Tunisia, Ennahda's political bargaining with other poli More
        The initiated of the changes in Tunisia and Egypt are now faced with differing crises In Egypt, the Muslim Brotherhood has virtually collapsed in the wake of the military has been removed from the public sphere; In Tunisia, Ennahda's political bargaining with other political groups in the country And experienced the fate of Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood has sought the flexibility of playing politics in this country is not excluded; Now we are faced with the question of why groups the similar the Muslim Brotherhood and Ennahda with the ideology thoughts traveled a different path? It seems that the social fabric of the country is faced with four influential forces include: People (youth), Military, political groups marginalized and eventually regional and global factors in Egypt and Tunisia; To collect data necessary to describe, analyze, analysis of the data addressed to the effectiveness of the independent variable on the dependent assessed. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        862 - America's Triple Approach, Support, Mediation and Intervention: Compare the New Egypt and Iran
        Mahdi Habib Allahi Hosein Masoudnia
        America relies on more than half a century experiences in dealing with the Middle East, considers Egypt, a key country in the region. In other words, Egypt is the anchor of stability and security to the West especially America, as in the past decade, Washington and Cair More
        America relies on more than half a century experiences in dealing with the Middle East, considers Egypt, a key country in the region. In other words, Egypt is the anchor of stability and security to the West especially America, as in the past decade, Washington and Cairo have close and continuous cooperation to meet common strategic interests in the Middle East. With the Arab Spring developments and overthrow of Mubarak, America's policy toward Egypt was faced with challenges. However, the United States of America has tried to manage these developments. Historical example of such an approach can be viewed in the direction of America to Iran during Prime Minister Mosaddegh. Accordingly, considering the fact that America's foreign policy developments in Egypt and the fall of Mubarak to General al-Sisi presidency consists of three phases; support, mediation and intervention in affairs of this country, this research by using descriptive and analytical method and with the use of library and internet resources intends to study America's approach toward developments in Egypt and toward Iran under Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh. Manuscript profile
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        863 - Solutions to reduce energy consumption and design compatible with the climate in Hamedan city based on the architecture of traditional houses of the Qajar period
        Alireza Noorian Sara Zohari
        Today, the energy crisis and environmental pollution have become one of the major challenges in the world. One of the ways to reduce environmental pollution is to model native architecture and its solutions in accordance with the climate. The present article deals with More
        Today, the energy crisis and environmental pollution have become one of the major challenges in the world. One of the ways to reduce environmental pollution is to model native architecture and its solutions in accordance with the climate. The present article deals with the physical system of native housing in the climatic context and how the special climate of this region affects the external body and spatial organization planning of housing. The purpose of this research is to find out the climatic solutions used in these houses and to explain them in the form of climatic design components in Hamadan city. For this purpose, the question is raised, how effective is the shape of Hamedan's traditional houses on the use of renewable energy? The research method is analytical-descriptive along with case study and simulation. Examining 30 examples of native houses in Hamedan shows that there are similar patterns in most of them. First, these patterns are explained, and then, in order to check the compatibility of these elements and methods with the region's climate, three examples of traditional houses in Hamedan city, which include one example of each type, were selected and designed by Design Builder software in terms of The body and the response rate to the climate are analyzed. Examining the components of ventilation, light, energy loss and the need for cooling and heating shows that the architecture of traditional houses in Hamadan in terms of form, orientation, level of openings, proportions of the yard and many other things are largely in accordance with the climate of the region. has it. In the following, the climatic patterns in the houses are extracted and design instructions are presented. Manuscript profile
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        864 - Effect of Tillage Systems and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Agro Physiological Characteristics of Corn
        Reza Imani Morteza Samdaliri امیر عباس موسوی
        To investigate the effect of tillage systems and nitrogen fertilizer on corn characteristics, in 2016 and 2017, a research field was conducted in the research farm of Islamic Azad University Chalous Branch during two cropping years.The experiment was performed as a spli More
        To investigate the effect of tillage systems and nitrogen fertilizer on corn characteristics, in 2016 and 2017, a research field was conducted in the research farm of Islamic Azad University Chalous Branch during two cropping years.The experiment was performed as a split-plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors include tillage at three levels (no-tillage, conservation tillage and conventional tillage) in the main plot and nitrogen fertilizer sources at four levels, including non-application of zero, 33, 66,and 100% of the recommended amount of nitrogen fertilizer based on the test. The soil was on a subplot.Comparing the average effect of tillage showed that the highest grain yield was obtained in conservation tillage treatment at the rate of 10247 kg/ha-1. Comparison of tillage's average effect showed that the highest biological product was received in conservation tillage at the rate of 15754 kg/ha-1. Comparison of the average interaction of the year in tillage also showed that the highest NUPE was observed in the conservation tillage treatment in the second year at the rate of 0.90 kg.kg-1, which showed an increase of 47% compared to the treatment no tillage in the first year. NUPE in tillage treatments increased in the second year compared to the first year, which was higher in conservation and non-tillage tillage treatments. Comparison of the average treatment of nitrogen fertilizer showed that the highest grain nitrogen was obtained in the treatment of 100% nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of 1.98%, which showed an increase of 25.7% compared to the control treatment.In general, the results of this study showed that by applying conservation tillage methods, the least damage can be done to the soil structure, and through this, maximum yield and efficiency can be achieved in the corn plant. Therefore, according to grain yield, the most appropriate treatment for the study area is the use of conservation tillage in the case of fertilizer application of 66% nitrogen. Manuscript profile
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        865 - Effects of Nitrogen and Micronutrient Foliar Application on Yield and Yield Components of Pinto Beans
        فرناز گنج آبادي فرزاد جلیلی
        To evaluate the effect of nitrogen and micronutrient foliar application on yield and yield components of pinto bean, an experiment was carried out as a split plot randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of W. Azarbaijan Agricultural More
        To evaluate the effect of nitrogen and micronutrient foliar application on yield and yield components of pinto bean, an experiment was carried out as a split plot randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of W. Azarbaijan Agricultural Research Center during the crop year of 2012-13. Treatments included three cultivars of nitrogen and four levels of micronutrient foliar application on many cultivars were significant. The greatest amount of pod length, plant height and harvest index were assigned to nitroxin cultivar and the maximum number of seed in pod and weight of 100 seed were allotted to urea. The highest pod length, number of pod in stem and plant height were assigned to boric acid cultivar and the maximum weight of 100 seed, protein yield and grain yield were obtained from Fe sulfate cultivar. Manuscript profile
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        866 - The effects of drug abuse on the family relationships
        Aliasghar Abasi esfajir
        The effects of drug abuse on the family relationships &nbsp; The aim of this study was to compare the parenting style and marital satisfaction and social support among the parents of addicted and non-addicted in Qaemshahr, northern Iran, in 2015. The study encompassed p More
        The effects of drug abuse on the family relationships &nbsp; The aim of this study was to compare the parenting style and marital satisfaction and social support among the parents of addicted and non-addicted in Qaemshahr, northern Iran, in 2015. The study encompassed parents living in the city. Sample size: considering the population, 157 subjects were selected using stratified random sampling method. Data were collected by a standardized questionnaire. A conclusion was driven out of the findings of the first hypothesis, that is, there was a difference in marital satisfaction between the families of addicts and non-addicts. The mean of responses indicated that marital satisfaction among addicts was lower than that of non-addicts. According to the findings of the second question, parenting style of addicts and non-addicts was different for permissive and authoritative styles, and there was no difference for the authoritative style among them. The mean of responses indicated that addicts employed authoritarian and permissive styles more than non-addicts did. Considering the findings of the third question, it could be deduced that there was a difference between the social supports of families of addicts. The mean of responses indicated that addicts enjoy less social support than non-addicts do. Manuscript profile
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        867 - مسئولیت مدنی- اجتماعی خودروساز در ایران
        Nazar Malek reici Hosiyn Mehrpour MohammaAbadi Aboumohammad Acgarkhani
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; درنظام&shy;های حقوقی دنیا ، خودروسازی که خودروی معیوب به افراد جامعه عرضه نموده ضامن خساراتی است که از عیب خودرو به مصرف&shy;کننده و اشخاص ثالث وارد می&shy;شود. مسئولیت تولیدکننده خودروی معیوب و خطرناک، روش حمایتی و جبرانی است که در این جهت به&shy;کار More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; درنظام&shy;های حقوقی دنیا ، خودروسازی که خودروی معیوب به افراد جامعه عرضه نموده ضامن خساراتی است که از عیب خودرو به مصرف&shy;کننده و اشخاص ثالث وارد می&shy;شود. مسئولیت تولیدکننده خودروی معیوب و خطرناک، روش حمایتی و جبرانی است که در این جهت به&shy;کار گرفته شده است تا از مصرف&shy;کننده به عنوان طرف ضعیف حمایت شود زیرا که این قشر قدرت چانه زنی در مقابل عرضه کنندگان خودرو را ندارند با توجه به سیر تحول مبانی مسئولیت در جبران خسارات، جوامع پیشرفته صنعتی در خودروسازی به نفع مصرف کننده گام برداشته از دکترین سنتی همچون، &laquo;آگاه باش خریدار&raquo;، &laquo;نظریه تقصیر&raquo;، &laquo;نظریه تضمین&raquo; و نظریه&shy;های نوین همچون &laquo;مسئولیت محض و مطلق&raquo; را می&shy;توان نام برد. اما در نظام حقوقی ایران ، مسئولیت تولیدکننده از جمله خودروساز مبتنی بر تئوری تقصیر است که بار اثبات آن بر عهده مصرف&shy;کننده می&shy;باشد این مسئولیت درجریان سیر تکاملی است. با توجه به تلاش قانون&shy;گذار ایران در سال&shy;های اخیر قانون حمایت از حقوق مصرف&shy;کنندگان خودرو (مصوب سال 1386) به تصویب رسید که تحت عنوان دوران گارانتی (تعهد) صرفاً در مدت مذکور گرایش قانون&shy;گذار به مسئولیت محض خودروساز است . نظر به قواعد &laquo;لاضرر&raquo; و &laquo;من له الغنم فعلیه الغرم&raquo; پیش زمینه بسط و توسعه مسئولیت محض مطابق با پیچیدگی&shy;های فنی و متنوع در ساخت خودرو در راستای حمایت ازحقوق مصرف&shy;کننده به عنوان مبنایی منطقی و معقول که با منافع اجتماعی نیز سازگارتر است درحقوق ایران تحلیل و در این پژوهش مورد بحث قرار گرفته است بر پایه مبنای یاد&shy;شده ، نیازی به اثبات تقصیر نیست و ایجاد نتیجه زیان&shy;بار برای مسئولیت مدنی خودروساز و دیگر تولیدکنندگان و حتی برای افرادی که پس از وی خودروی معیوب را عرضه و معامله نموده&shy;اند قابل تسری می&shy;باشد. Manuscript profile
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        868 - تأثیر مسئولیت اجتماعی بر ارزش ادراک شده مصرف‌کنندگان شرکت دلند الکتریک با تاکید بر نقش میانجی رضایتمندی مصرف کننده در استان گلستان
        Hormoz Mehrani Mansoureh Sadeghi
        هدف از مطالعه حاضر تأثیر مسئولیت اجتماعی بر ارزش ادراک شده مصرف‌کنندگان شرکت دلند الکتریک با تاکید بر نقش میانجی رضایتمندی مصرف کننده در استان گلستان است.روش تحقیق در این پژوهش توصیفی- پیمایشی از نوع همبستگی است و جامعه‌ی آماری آن،کلیه مصرف کنندگان شرکت دلند الکتریک در More
        هدف از مطالعه حاضر تأثیر مسئولیت اجتماعی بر ارزش ادراک شده مصرف‌کنندگان شرکت دلند الکتریک با تاکید بر نقش میانجی رضایتمندی مصرف کننده در استان گلستان است.روش تحقیق در این پژوهش توصیفی- پیمایشی از نوع همبستگی است و جامعه‌ی آماری آن،کلیه مصرف کنندگان شرکت دلند الکتریک در استان گلستان می باشند و تعداد نمونه نیز بر اساس روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده و با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان،384 نفر بوده است . ابزار گرداوری داده‌ها در این پژوهش پرسشنامه است که ضریب آلفای کرونباخ همه سوالات پرسشنامه بالای 7/0 بوده است.&nbsp; جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از روش معادلات ساختاری مبتنی بر نرم‌افزار لیزرل استفاده ‌شده است. نتایج حاکی از آن است که بین مسائل زیست محیطی بر رضایت مصرف کنندگان، بینتوسعه جامعه بر رضایت مصرف کنندگان، بین&nbsp;&nbsp; شرایط فیزیکی محیط کار بررضایت مصرف کنندگان، بین قیمت مناسب محصولات بر رضایت مصرف کنندگان، بین کیفیت محصولات بر رضایت مصرف کنندگان ، بین برآورده شدن انتظارات بر رضایت مصرف کنندگان، بین فروش رابطه ‌مند بر رضایت مصرف کنندگان و &nbsp;بین رضایت مصرف کنندگان بر روی ارزش درک شده &nbsp;مصرف کنندگان شرکت دلند الکتریک تاثیر مثبت و معنادار وجود دارد. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        869 - Predict the resiliency abusers materials based on attachment styles and social support
        Hosein Sorkhil Mohammad Ali Mohammadi Far
        Abstract Substance abuse and addiction to drugs changing the mood are one of the most obvious social and psychological injuries that could easily damage the personal, family, Social, and cultural lives within a country. Therefore, new approach to prevent substance abous More
        Abstract Substance abuse and addiction to drugs changing the mood are one of the most obvious social and psychological injuries that could easily damage the personal, family, Social, and cultural lives within a country. Therefore, new approach to prevent substance abouse and promote protective factors such as resilience, and recognition and reduction of risk factors are very important and noticeable. Resilience is one of the concepts recently Proposed in the field of drug addiction prevention and other mental disorders and injuries. Moreover, it could be the key to drug prevention. In is a descriptive &ndash; correlative study. The statistical population of the study includes all of the students of Tehran University selected by the random sampling method. A Sample size of 184 people were selected via Cochran Formula. The research hypotheses are calculated and analyzed via related statistical tests within SPSS 21. The results show that the substance abusers&rsquo; resilience could be different in association with people&rsquo;s social support and attachment styles. In the present paper, according to the stepwise regression related to the attachment styles; secure attachment style, and ambivalent attachment style have the most effectiveness and regarding social support, family&rsquo;s support and friends&rsquo; support have effectiveness for promoting substance abusers&rsquo; resilience. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        870 - ارزیابی نقش عقاید و نوع دوستی مصرف کننده در رفتار خریدسبز با اثر میانجی هنجار ذهنی
        Shahla Sohrabi Akbar Houshyar
        Manuscript profile
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        871 - Development and standardization of a questionnaire to identify people at risk of addiction and substance use based on questionnaires of five-factor model of personality, emotional intelligence and resilience
        Hashem Jebraeile
        Abstract Introduction: Given the importance of identifying people at risk of addiction and substance use and necessity of provide valid measurement tools in thisarea, present study aimed to development and standardization of a questionnaire to identify people at risk of More
        Abstract Introduction: Given the importance of identifying people at risk of addiction and substance use and necessity of provide valid measurement tools in thisarea, present study aimed to development and standardization of a questionnaire to identify people at risk of addiction and substance use based on questionnaires of five-factor model of personality, emotional intelligence and resilience. Materials and Methods:The number of 300 (124 mal and 176 female) students were selected through available sampling from Kharazmi university and were assessed employing questionnairesof NEO personality, Bradberry- Greaves'emotional intelligence, Conner and Davidson' Resiliency, and Weed and Butcher'tendency to addiction. Data were analyzed based on Cronbach's alpha test, Pearson correlation coefficient and exploratory factor analysiswith using 22 vesion of SPSS software. Results:The results of the analysis led to the extraction of four factors, each of which had six indecators. Internal consistency reliability was operating in a range from 0/66 to 0/86. Criterion validity by examining the association between scores of the factors and tendency to addiction showed significant negative correlation between the tendency to addiction and first factor (r=-0.39, P&lt;0.01), second factor (r=-0.30, P&lt;0.01), third factor (r=-0.44, P&lt;0.01), fourth factor (r=-0.40, P&lt;0.01) and total scores ofextracted questionnaire (r=-0.57, P&lt;0.01). Conclusion:Big five personality factores, emotional intelligence and resiliency not only significantly associated with addiction and substance use, also they are related structures that analysis of underlying components of them led to extractionof four factors that hadhigh validity and reliability, and can be used to predict vulnerability to addiction and substance use. Manuscript profile
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        872 - Role of past experiences and events in forced purchasing behavior
        Kamran Noorbakhsh abolghasem keshir
        The purpose of this research is to examine the role of past experiences and events in the emergence of compulsory shopping behavior. The method of this research is from the point of view of the purpose, applied, from the viewpoint of the data type, quantitatively and i More
        The purpose of this research is to examine the role of past experiences and events in the emergence of compulsory shopping behavior. The method of this research is from the point of view of the purpose, applied, from the viewpoint of the data type, quantitatively and in terms of data collection method, is descriptive survey. The sample size was 384 people based on Cochran formula and distribution of the questionnaire among 16-29 year old youths in Tehran. To determine the validity of the questionnaire, the CVR method and confirmatory factor analysis were used. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationship between variables. The findings of this study did not exclude the impact of conflict with the family, community-based communication and communication with peers on forced shopping behavior and the effect of conceptual-oriented communication and self-esteem on forced purchasing behavior was rejected. The social outcomes of this research include awareness of marketers, retailers, families, counselors and policy makers in the field of health in understanding the mechanisms and areas of the incidence and development of mandatory purchasing in order to prevent the emergence of compulsive consumption patterns that have devastating effects on the individual and society. Cited. This research shows the relationship between the past experiences of life and the socio-economic backgrounds of the family in the formation and development of compulsory shopping behavior. Manuscript profile
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        873 - The Persepolis's clay tablets
        Neda Ziyabakhsh
        In  solar (shamsi) American investigators from chicago university succeded to obtain more than  clay tablets written with Elamian letters and sealed with persian cuneiform letters which belonged to eastern north of persepolis. These privileged and exclusive More
        In  solar (shamsi) American investigators from chicago university succeded to obtain more than  clay tablets written with Elamian letters and sealed with persian cuneiform letters which belonged to eastern north of persepolis. These privileged and exclusive documents allocated to the list of ortificers and experts payrolls which were participated ip stablishing Persepolis construction. This essay tries to offer some innovative points of the tablets and their engraving, and also translation of some of them. Manuscript profile
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        874 - The Role of Illness Perception and Craving in Predicting Treatment Motivation for Drug-Dependent Individuals
        sajad almardani diba khosravinia Akbar atadokht sajad basharpoor mohammad narimani
        One of the variables that plays a key role in the continuity of dependence, suicide and recurrence is cravings. Drug craving is the most important factor in returning to drug use, and the core of addiction. illness perceptions is also effective in motivating people to c More
        One of the variables that plays a key role in the continuity of dependence, suicide and recurrence is cravings. Drug craving is the most important factor in returning to drug use, and the core of addiction. illness perceptions is also effective in motivating people to cure the issues, such as perceiving the nature, cause, duration and effectiveness of control, treatment and improvement. The aim of this study was survey the role of illness perception and craving in predicting treatment motivation for drug-dependent individuals. For this purpose 150 people were selected by sampling method from drug addiction centers in the city of Shiraz. They were evaluated for perceived illness, craving and motivation for treatment. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that recognition relates positively to therapy outcomes, disease consistency but negatively correlated with craving. Ambivalence relates positively to disease consistency but negatively correlated with craving. Taking Steps elates positively to disease consistency but negatively correlated with craving. The results multiple regression showed that 16% variance of recognition, 10% variance of ambivalence and 15% variance taking steps explained by illness perceptions and &nbsp;craving.The present study supports the role of perceived disease and craving in predicting the motivation for drug dependent individuals. Manuscript profile
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        875 - Developing Motivational Enhancement Therapy Guide and Comparing its Effectiveness with Behavioral Activation Treatment on Addiction Severity among Substance Abuse Patients
        ilnaz sajjadian atefe Khaliliyan GHolam Reza Manshaee
        Addiction is one of the issues of human societies that has created a lot of&nbsp;&nbsp; individual, social, moral, cultural, economical and health problems. The purpose of this study was to develop a guide of motivational enhancement therapy and compare its effectivenes More
        Addiction is one of the issues of human societies that has created a lot of&nbsp;&nbsp; individual, social, moral, cultural, economical and health problems. The purpose of this study was to develop a guide of motivational enhancement therapy and compare its effectiveness with behavioral activation treatment among substance abuse patients. For this purpose in a combined research, in order to develop a motivational enhancement therapy guide qualitative method of deductive content analysis was used. Specialized agreement was obtained for treatment guide above %90.&nbsp; After the formulation of the package in a preliminary study the operational validity of the package was confirmed. Then during a quasi-experimental study with pre- test, post- test&nbsp;&nbsp; and control group were selected 45 people with substance abuse in a targeted manner and randomly in two experimental groups and one control group of 15 individuals were assigned. Motivational enhancement therapy over 8 sessions and behavioral activation treatment over 18 session was performed on experimental groups. at the beginning and end of treatment were assessed for their severity of addiction .The results of covariance analysis showed that motivational enhancement therapy and behavioral activation treatment booth reduce the severity of addiction in people with substance abuse and&nbsp; to influence different aspects of life these people are useful. Manuscript profile
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        876 - Structural model of personality traits with mediating role of spirituality in suicidal tendency and drug abuse
        heshmat ahmadi rahim davari
        Personality refers to a complex organization of tendencies and characteristics that are associated with important life outcomes such as health and disease and can be effective in mediating high-risk behaviors.The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of More
        Personality refers to a complex organization of tendencies and characteristics that are associated with important life outcomes such as health and disease and can be effective in mediating high-risk behaviors.The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of spirituality in relation to personality traits with suicidal tendencies and drug abuse. Descriptive correlational research method was used for research purposes. The sample was selected by convenience sampling method. It consisted of 472 second and third grade high school male students in Karaj, Iran. Students&rsquo; main personality traits, spirituality, suicidal tendency and addiction tendency were assessed . The results of correlation analysis showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the neurotic personality traits and mediating role of spirituality and tendency toward suicidal thoughts and drug abuse, while there is a negative and significant relationship between personality traits of extroversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness and the mediating role of spirituality and tendency towards suicidal thoughts and drug abuse. And this relationship can be moderated by spirituality as mediator. Manuscript profile
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        877 - Designing a model to transform culture consumers into culture Participants in handicrafts
        Ibrahim Yazdi علی رشیدپور Iraj Soltani
        Introduction and purpose of the research: Many factors influence the consumer's behavior and make him prefer to buy the product will be at the same time, the consumer can also act as a participant, which increases his participation in the presentation services and produ More
        Introduction and purpose of the research: Many factors influence the consumer's behavior and make him prefer to buy the product will be at the same time, the consumer can also act as a participant, which increases his participation in the presentation services and products, therefore, participation is recognized as an important factor for the successful development and evolution of products. Hence, the current research aims to design a model in order to transform consumers of culture into contributors of culture in industries. Research method: This research was done using the grounded theory method. The data collection tool is in-depth interview and using Snowball sampling method, members of the expert community were selected and saturation was achieved with 17 people. Data collection was analyzed with Max Kyuda software (2018) and finally the components were extracted and coded and then the final model was presented. Findings: After analyzing the data and performing multiple codings; A model to transform consumers of culture into Culture Participants include causal conditions with 3 components, background conditions with 8 components, intervening conditions with 2 components, consequences with 2 components and 4 types of outcomes were designed. Conclusion: The present study and similar studies show that the movement from the consumer side to the participant side it is not only possible rather, it is a requirement. The field of handicrafts is also important for many societies both economically and spiritually. It is important that it is not excluded from this and through strategies such as branding, increasing the quality of products, appropriate pricing, it is possible to provide the ground for the realization of cultural participation. These works lead to the development of handicrafts, cultural enrichment, benefiting from economic effects, etc. Manuscript profile
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        878 - Internal Conflicts and External Pressures: The Collapse and Fall of the ṬūlūnÊd State in Egypt and Syria
        masoomali panjeh
        With the murder of Khumārawayh in 282 AH, the glory and greatness of the ṬūlūnÊds ended, and the period of decline and collapse began. Why did the collapse and Fall come about and how did it happen? In the analysis of the collapse of the government, there are internal f More
        With the murder of Khumārawayh in 282 AH, the glory and greatness of the ṬūlūnÊds ended, and the period of decline and collapse began. Why did the collapse and Fall come about and how did it happen? In the analysis of the collapse of the government, there are internal factors and external causes. During the last decade of their rule, the Ṭūlūnids (282-292 AH) were continuously engaged in internal conflict, among the sons of Khumārawayh and their uncles, the sons of Ibn Ṭūlūn. The children and successors of the Khumārawayh, who inherited a deserted treasury, did not have the power and experience of governance. So, the power and administration of affairs in the country was in the hand of the Commanders of the ṬūlūnÊd Army. Those commanders repeatedly betrayed the ṬūlūnÊds in the fateful moments and joined the enemy, Abbasids. The Qarmatian rebellions in Syria and the Tulonians' inability to suppress and restrain them, opened the Caliph's troops to Syria and then to Egypt, which resulted in the end of the Tulonians. Manuscript profile
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        879 - The effect of eight weeks of endurance training with garlic supplementation on aerobic capacity and lactic acid in middle-aged non-professional female athletes
        farhad safari zanjani Leila tavasolian ghomashchi
        Long-term endurance training improves aerobic capacity and lactic acid indicators during rest and sports activity. Increasing aerobic capacity and reducing lactic acid by consuming garlic can enhance these beneficial effects and therefore can increase endurance performa More
        Long-term endurance training improves aerobic capacity and lactic acid indicators during rest and sports activity. Increasing aerobic capacity and reducing lactic acid by consuming garlic can enhance these beneficial effects and therefore can increase endurance performance. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of 8 weeks of endurance training with garlic supplementation on aerobic capacity and lactic acid in non-professional middle-aged female athletes in zanjan city. Healthy non-athlete women were randomly divided into four groups [garlic supplement (with an average age of 52.33), exercise (53.60), garlic and exercise supplement (53.93) and a control (with an average age of 63.53)]. After Bruce's test (pre-test), a garlic supplement group, a training group (only training) and a garlic supplement and training group (garlic plus training) were given, and the control group did not perform any specific activity. The subjects, at the end of the eighth week, were again Bruce's test was performed to analyze the data, independent t-test and covariance analysis were used, and the significance level was 0.05 in all tests. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the consumption of garlic supplement, exercise, garlic with exercise in increasing aerobic capacity and reducing lactic acid. Also, after 8 weeks, garlic supplementation caused a significant difference in maximum oxygen consumption compared to the control group. The findings of the present study show that consuming garlic during exercise has a significant effect on increasing aerobic capacity and reducing lactic acid in non-athletic women. Manuscript profile
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        880 - Factors affecting on canola farmers’ adoption of sustainable agriculture in Golestan province, Iran
        Amir Ahmadpour Mohsen Moradian
        &nbsp;The study aim was identifying of effective factors on canola farmers&rsquo; adoption to sustainable agriculture. The research tools were the questionnaire, which panel of experts had confirmed its validity, and its reliability had been reported from 0.75 to 0.85. More
        &nbsp;The study aim was identifying of effective factors on canola farmers&rsquo; adoption to sustainable agriculture. The research tools were the questionnaire, which panel of experts had confirmed its validity, and its reliability had been reported from 0.75 to 0.85. The target population of the study consisted of all canola farmers in Golestan province (N=7543), according to Cochran&rsquo; formula, a number of 365 people were selected using statistical sampling in a stratified randomization method. Finally, 296 questionnaires were gathered and analyzed (n=296). The knowledge and adoption of canola farmers majority about sustainable agriculture were at moderate and acceptable levels, respectively. The main practices of sustainable agriculture were observing proper time for cultivating, proper time for using chemical fertilizers, and amount of seeds, respectively. Furthermore, the main pushing factors of developing sustainable agriculture were management factor, attitude toward sustainable agriculture, and the amount of using information channels, respectively. In multiple linear regression analysis,social participation, extension-education participation, knowledge about and attitude toward sustainable agriculture&rdquo;explained37.30 %of the variation of the adoption of sustainable agriculture bycanola farmers.In this regard, it is recommended that training sessions with providing the necessary incentives to farmers,besides increasing knowledge and improving their attitudes, the methods that contribute to the sustainability of crop production should be emphasized Manuscript profile
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        881 - The effects of drought stress and potassium application on yield and yield components of chickpea in Miyaneh region, Iran
        Esm Ali Azadmanesh Manuchehr Farboudi ali faramarzi shahram shahrokhi
        &nbsp; &nbsp;The effects of drought stress and potassium application on yield and yield components of chickpea were studied in Northwest of Miyaneh city. The experiment was carried out as factorial based on a randomized complete block design. The experimental factors we More
        &nbsp; &nbsp;The effects of drought stress and potassium application on yield and yield components of chickpea were studied in Northwest of Miyaneh city. The experiment was carried out as factorial based on a randomized complete block design. The experimental factors were irrigation at four levels (0, 50, 75, and 100% of chickpea plant water requirement) and potassium sulfate fertilizer application at two levels (0 and 100 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>). The recorded characteristics were number of lateral branches, days to ripening, pod numbers per plant, biomass, thousand kernel weight, yield and harvest index. Irrigation treatments had significantly different effects on potassium fertilizer use efficiency. The highest fertilizer use efficiency was observed at 75 and 100% plant water requirement levels. The number of lateral branches, number of pods per plant, biomass, yield and harvest index were decreased by irrigation levels decrement. The most pod number per plant, grain yield and harvest index were obtained in 100% water consumption along with potassium fertilizer application. The lowest values of the mentioned characteristics were observed in non-irrigated and no potassium application. The yield and biomass in fertilizer application and 100% irrigation were 69.12 and 33.11% more than non-potassium and non-irrigation treatments, respectively. The application of potassium slightly compensated the negative effect of drought stress on yield. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        882 - Effect of manganese, zinc and boron micronutrients foliar application at different growth stages on quantitative characteristics of rainfed wheat cultivars
        Majid Ahmadi Naser Mohebalipour Vali Feizi-Asl Iraj Eskandari
        In order to evaluate the effects of foliar application of manganese, zinc and boron on grain quality and quantity characteristics of dryland wheat, a split-split plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimen More
        In order to evaluate the effects of foliar application of manganese, zinc and boron on grain quality and quantity characteristics of dryland wheat, a split-split plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experiment was carried out in Dryland Agricultural Research Station in Maragheh region, northwest Iran during 2008-2009. Wheat cultivars (Azar2 and Homa) were planted in main plots. Foliar application time in three stages of tillering (GS32), stem elongation (GS37) and flag leaf emerging (GS64) and foliar application of micronutrients (control, pure water, 35g.ha<sup>-1</sup> manganese sulfate, 25 g.ha<sup>-1 </sup>zinc sulfate and 15 g.ha<sup>-1</sup> boric acid) were also allocated to subplots and sub-subplots, respectively. &nbsp;Results showed that foliar application of microelements significantly affected grain yield, spike number per area unit, dry weight and fresh weight of flag leaf and harvest index. According to the results, application of 35 g.ha<sup>-1</sup> manganese sulfate and 25 g.ha<sup>-1 </sup>zinc sulfates had non significant effect on grain yield. Application of 15 g.ha<sup>-1</sup> boric acid resulted in the highest yield (1418 kg. ha<sup>-1</sup>), dry weight and fresh weight of flag leaf. The highest number of spikes per m<sup>2</sup> was observed with application of 35 g.ha<sup>-1</sup> manganese sulfate. According to these results, tillering stage (GS32) was the best stage for foliar application of micronutrients that produced the highest yield (1630 g.ha<sup>-1</sup>). Azar2 was better cultivar and produced 32 and 36 percent higer biological and grain yield in comparison to Homa cultivar, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        883 - The Climate zoning role on net irrigation requirement determination of orchards in Kurdistan province, Iran
        Ata Amini Rangin Heydari Homayoun Faghih
        The current study was conducted to estimate of orchards water requirements based on various climate zones in Kurdistan province, Iran and to compare those requirements of the same crops based the province cities. Basic information and essential data such as meteorologic More
        The current study was conducted to estimate of orchards water requirements based on various climate zones in Kurdistan province, Iran and to compare those requirements of the same crops based the province cities. Basic information and essential data such as meteorological and vegetation data were extracted from reports and available maps. The Kurdistan climate was derived using De Martonne <br />method and the water requirements in each climate were determined using CROPWAT8.0 model. Cities water orchards requirements having synoptic station were estimated using this model. Recognizing of various climates in a city level revealed that water requirement estimation studies based on climates give better results than those were conducted based on the cities in the province. As the calculated water requirements values based on city&rsquo;s border can be trusted while the whole city located in a climate zone such as the Ghorve and Bijar. The findings of the research indicated a significant difference between the calculated water requirements based on cities and those derived considering the climate zones distinguished in the same city, such as Sanandaj, Saghez and Marivan. The most visible differences in calculated water requirement based on climate zone revealed in group 1of orchards in semi-arid climates for Sanandaj which were increased as 22% more than that estimated based on the city&rsquo;s border. In addition, the 0.9% increments in water requirements in group 2 for humid zone in Sanandaj were the slightest changes obtained in this research due to altering of the calculation based on city&rsquo;s border to climate zone. The results would be of interest of researchers and those who are involving in agriculture and water resources management fields through the allocation of limited water resources based on the climatic conditions Manuscript profile
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        884 - Effects of different amounts and procedures of Fe and Cu fertilizers application on yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the greenhouse
        Mohammad Reza Boorboori Davood Eradatmand Asli Mohammad Mehdi Tehrani
        The effect of different anounts and procedures of Cu and Fe fertilizers applications on yield and quality of wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) var. Pishtaz was evaluated in the greenhouse of Agricultural College of Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University in 2008. A fa More
        The effect of different anounts and procedures of Cu and Fe fertilizers applications on yield and quality of wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) var. Pishtaz was evaluated in the greenhouse of Agricultural College of Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University in 2008. A factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was applied. Treatments included three levels of Fe (control, 2.5 and 5 mg.kg<sup> -1</sup> of CuSO4.5H<sub>2</sub>O) and Cu (control, 5 and 10 mg.kg<sup> -1</sup> of FeSO4.H<sub>2</sub>O) fertilizers were applied on the soil and two levels foliar applications (control and 2000 mg.L<sup>-1 </sup>of Cu-EDTA plus Fe-EDTA). The results did not show significant effect of treatments on protein content and number of tillers. Soil application of Fe fertilizer significantly increased yield components, Fe content in seeds, number of shoots and the number of fertile tillers about 37, 31, 11 and 29%, respectively. Whereas the soil application of Cu significantly increased yield components, uptake and content of Cu in the grain and straw and number of fertile tillers about 12, 42, 40 and 42% respectively. The results showed that spray application of Fe in comparison to the control, significantly increased grain yield, grain number per spike, Fe uptake and Fe concentrations in the grain and straw about 20, 4, 6, 14 and 2% respectively. The foliar application of Cu significantly increased the concentration of Cu in the grain and straw as well as Cu content in the grain about 31, 33 and 33%, respectively. The results of this experiment indicated that there was an antagonistic interactions between Fe and Cu contents in the grain, where by increasing Fe content in the plant, the content of Cu will be reduced and vice versa. Manuscript profile
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        885 - Effect of zinc and boron spraying on yield and yield components of two spring lentil cultivars in Kermanshah climatic condition
        Dariush Safari
        10.22034/aej.2019.664906
        &nbsp; <br />&nbsp; <br />&nbsp; <br /> A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc and boron spraying on yield and yield components of two spring lentil cultivars in Kermanshah, Iran in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block de More
        &nbsp; <br />&nbsp; <br />&nbsp; <br /> A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc and boron spraying on yield and yield components of two spring lentil cultivars in Kermanshah, Iran in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design. The first factor consisted of Bilehsavar and Kimia cultivars. The second factor was spraying in four levels consisting of non-spraying, spraying with zinc sulfate at 1.5 <sup>o</sup>/<sub>oo</sub>, and boric acid 3<sup> o</sup>/<sub>oo</sub> separated or in combination. The effects of spraying on the all studied traits were significant but except for hundred seed weight and harvest index. Bilehsavar had higher yield than Kimia cultivar. Zinc sulfate spraying also increased seed yield, biomass yield, and harvest index. Boron spraying increased the grain yield and harvest index, while combination of zinc sulfate and boric acid spraying increased number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and plant height in Bilehsvar cultivar. Also, the results of this study were useful in the effect of leaf spraying with micronutrient fertilizers on zinc and boron, which was the most affected by the application of zinc sulfate and boric acid in conjunction with increasing number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. Therefore, planting of Bilesavar cultivar and its spraying with both ZN and B fertilizers is recommended in Kermanshah climate condition.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc and boron spraying on yield and yield components of two spring lentil cultivars in Kermanshah, Iran in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design. The first factor consisted of Bilehsavar and Kimia cultivars. The second factor was spraying in four levels consisting of non-spraying, spraying with zinc sulfate at 1.5 <sup>o</sup>/<sub>oo</sub>, and boric acid 3<sup> o</sup>/<sub>oo</sub> separated or in combination. The effects of spraying on the all studied traits were significant but except for hundred seed weight and harvest index. Bilehsavar had higher yield than Kimia cultivar. Zinc sulfate spraying also increased seed yield, biomass yield, and harvest index. Boron spraying increased the grain yield and harvest index, while combination of zinc sulfate and boric acid spraying increased number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and plant height in Bilehsvar cultivar. Also, the results of this study were useful in the effect of leaf spraying with micronutrient fertilizers on zinc and boron, which was the most affected by the application of zinc sulfate and boric acid in conjunction with increasing number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. Therefore, planting of Bilesavar cultivar and its spraying with both ZN and B fertilizers is recommended in Kermanshah climate condition. Manuscript profile
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        886 - Effect of potassium and manganese on qualitative and quantitative yield of sugar beet in the north of Khuzestan
        Hossien Obeidi Behnam Habibi Khaniani Hamid Sharifi
        10.22034/aej.2015.520858
        In order to investigate the effect of different amounts of potassium and manganese on qualitative and quantitative yield and other traits of sugar beet in the northern of Khuzestan, a split block experiment was conducted based on complete randomly block with 12 treatmen More
        In order to investigate the effect of different amounts of potassium and manganese on qualitative and quantitative yield and other traits of sugar beet in the northern of Khuzestan, a split block experiment was conducted based on complete randomly block with 12 treatments in three replication in fall cropping season October 2013-2014 in farmland of Haft Tapeh area of Susa city. A resistant mono germ genotype with high yielding named Spartak was used in this study. Examined factors included employing potassium fertilizer treatment in four levels of 0, 1, 2 and 3 kg/ha and manganese fertilizer in 0, 1, 2 kg/ha rates. Spraying with potassium fertilizer had a significant effect on root and white sugar yield. The highest root and sugar yield in treatment were achieved with 3 kg/ha of potassium fertilizer with 80.6 ton/ha root yield and 13.63 ton/ha white sugar yield. Using manganese fertilizer hadn&rsquo;t significant effect on root yield and other studied traits. Also, using different rates of potassium and manganese fertilizers did not have much influence on qualitative characteristics of sugar beet such as nitrogen, sodium and potassium amounts in root, sugar extraction coefficient, molasses percentage, raw sugar and white sugar percentage. On the whole, using potassium and manganese during the vegetative growth stage of sugar beet is recommendable. Manuscript profile
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        887 - Investigation of spatial distribution of soil fertility elements in the Miyaneh wheat farms
        Asghar Farajnia
        10.22034/aej.2015.514346
        This research was conducted in Miyaneh city to study the spatial structure of the soil fertility factors in order to estimate the nutrient vigor of soils and optimizing fertilizer usage rate and plant nutrition. The research was carries out in several steps. First of al More
        This research was conducted in Miyaneh city to study the spatial structure of the soil fertility factors in order to estimate the nutrient vigor of soils and optimizing fertilizer usage rate and plant nutrition. The research was carries out in several steps. First of all, soil samples were provided in 0-30 cm depth from Miyaneh wheat farms and each sample position was recorded by GPS. Soil fertility factors of each sample such as: EC, pH, OC, P, K, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and B were measured. ILWIS 3.21 software was applied for mapping of mentioned variables. For this reason, interpolation method was applied to make spatial distribution maps of these variables. Classification of spatial variety of each parameter produced based on Iranian Soil and Water Research Institute standards. The main parts of the study area lacked salinity limitation but contained little alkalinity limitation. In more than 95% of these farms, the organic carbon (OC) rate was less than 1% and in more than 75%, absorbent phosphorus was in its medium range (5-10 ppm). But potassium rate in main parts of these farms was more than 300 ppm. Derived spatial maps showed that these farms suffered from shortage of B, Fe, Zn, and Mn, but Cu was sufficient in the study area.&nbsp; Appling organic fertilizer is essential for balancing of pH and increasing of OC of soil. Based on prepared maps, it is recommended to avoid using of fertilizer in non-deficient lands. Manuscript profile
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        888 - Using of crops as trap for Orobanche aegyptiaca management in tomato in greenhouse conditions
        Koroush Siami Saeed Vazan Soleiman Jamshidi Rahim Alimohammadi
        Application of catch and trap plants is a cultural and biological methods for <em>Orobanche</em> soil seed bank reduction. Catch crop is a host crop that is sacrificed before broomrape emergence and trap crop is a false host that stimulates the broomrape to germinate bu More
        Application of catch and trap plants is a cultural and biological methods for <em>Orobanche</em> soil seed bank reduction. Catch crop is a host crop that is sacrificed before broomrape emergence and trap crop is a false host that stimulates the broomrape to germinate but does not allow it to attach and attack. For evaluation of <em>Orobanche</em> <em>aegyptiaca</em> seed reaction to root exudates of 17 crops, 10-15 mg of broomrape seeds were mixed with cultivation bed and the crop seeds were sown in the pots, in a completely rondomized design with four replications. After 40 days, the plants picked up from the crown and 7 leaf tomato seedlings were replaced. Dry and fresh weight of <em>Orobanche</em> and tomato aerial parts and fruits and <em>Orobanche</em> stem numbers were recorded at the end of trial. Results revealed that, Berseem clover was the strong catch crop and sunflower and pepper were weak ones. Flax and broomcorn were also strong trap crops and cotton, pinto bean, lens, broad bean and pea were weak ones. Other crops including wheat, barley, maize, sugar beet, sesame, and soybean were not considered as a host or trap and catch crops.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        889 - Effect of NaCl salinity on mineral nutrient uptake in eggplant cultivars
        Hamid Sadeghi Hassan Rassoli Masood Zadeh Bagheri
        To study the effectofNaClsalinityon theuptakeofmineral elementsindifferent organs ofeggplantthree cultivars including Jahrom landrace, Dezful slim, Indian cottage grown in outdoor conditions, an experiment was performed based ona completely randomized designwith10replic More
        To study the effectofNaClsalinityon theuptakeofmineral elementsindifferent organs ofeggplantthree cultivars including Jahrom landrace, Dezful slim, Indian cottage grown in outdoor conditions, an experiment was performed based ona completely randomized designwith10replications.Ten days old seedlings equal in height and stem diameter in crown area were transformed into plastic pots containing 9 kg local field soil and irrigated with tap water for 20 days. Seven salinitylevelswere used with concentrations of0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80and100 mMNaCl.Different amountsof NaCl were added to tap waterwith electrical conductivity of219&micro;S.cm<sup>-1</sup> and salinity stress followed for five months. The resultsshowed that the salinity caused increasing Na<sup>+</sup>concentrationin root, shoot, and leaf and Ca<sup>2+</sup> in roots.Moreover, thesalinitydecreased the rootpotassium, leaf calcium, and the ratio of K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> in root, stem and leaf. No significant changes were recorded in the accumulation of potassium in leaf and stem calcium in stem and nitrate in leaf. Among studied cultivars based onmeasuring theaccumulationofexcessions, the Jahromilandrace were evaluated asahighertolerancegenotype in comparison with Dezfulslim cultivar which showingthe highest sensitivity toNaCl salinity. Manuscript profile
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        890 - Effects of four nitrogen fertilizer sources on seed and oil yield of rapeseed and nitrogen residues in the soil
        Mehdi Mehrpouyan ahmad golchin soleiman jamshidi
        Effects of different amounts of four nitrogen fertilizers sources on seed and oil yield of rapeseed cv. SLM046, and nitrogen residues in the soil were studied after harvesting. An experiment was conducted at Zanjan Agricultural Research Center, in 2004. A factorial expe More
        Effects of different amounts of four nitrogen fertilizers sources on seed and oil yield of rapeseed cv. SLM046, and nitrogen residues in the soil were studied after harvesting. An experiment was conducted at Zanjan Agricultural Research Center, in 2004. A factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Five levels of N comprised of 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 Kg of net nitrogen/ha and fertilizer sources of sulfur coated urea (SCU), urea (U), ammonium nitrate (AN), and ammonium sulphate (AS) were used at three stages: planting time, stem elongation and seed setting, but U fertilizer was applied at the planting time. The highest seed and oil yield were obtained for UN<sub>240</sub>. The highest N residues were found for SCU fertilizer. An increase of nitrogen (N) ranges from 0 to 240 kg/ha incraesed N residues in the soil. In addition, more NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> was observed by applying AN, U, and SCU as compared with SA. The highest and the least NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+ </sup>in soil was detected when fertilizers SCU and AN were applied, respectively. In general, despite of different N applications in rapeseed, amounts of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> and NH4<sup>+</sup> residues in soil were lower than of those before planting, indicating high potential of rapeseed crop in N absorption. It was also revealed that increase of applied N was in contradictory with nitrogen uptake efficiency. NA fertilizers showed the highest and SCU the lowest nitrogen uptake efficiency in rape seed crop. Manuscript profile
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        891 - Effect of different nitrogen and potassium levels on nitrogen efficiency and some nutrient contents of sweet fennel
        Samira Mohammadi Taher Barzegar Zahra Ghahremani
        10.22034/aej.2019.665193
        <span>To investigate the effects of different nitrogen and potassium fertilizer rates on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUPE), nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUTE) and N, K, P, Ca and Mg nutrient contents in sweet fennel, a factorial experi More
        <span>To investigate the effects of different nitrogen and potassium fertilizer rates on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUPE), nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUTE) and N, K, P, Ca and Mg nutrient contents in sweet fennel, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized completely block design with three replications in University of Zanjan, Iran. The applied fertilizers included 50, 100, and 150 kg/ha of N and K from urea and potassium sulfate sources, respectively. N and K application had significant effect on NUE and N, P, Ca, P, and Mg contents. Increasing nitrogen application rate levels desreased NUE, NUPE, and NUTE. Increasing of K application rate caused increment of N efficiency. Application of N and K fertilizers increased N, K and P concenterations on bulb tissue. Increasing N application rates resulted in more Ca and Mg concentrations, but application of K decreased Ca and Mg contents in bulb tissue. Regarding short growing period of sweet fennel, lower rates of N fertilizer is recommended to improve NUE.</span> Manuscript profile
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        892 - Evaluation of soil and foliar application of nitrogen at different growth stages on yield and yield components of sugar beet cultivars
        Elnaz Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi Mehrdad Yarnia Farrokh Rahimzadeh Khoie Mohammad Bager Khorshidi
        &nbsp;&nbsp; In order to evaluation the effects of different application methods of nitrogen fertilizer on sugar beet yield, an experiment was conducted in farms of agriculture faculty of Islamic Azad university, Tabriz &nbsp;branch in 2005. A randomized complete block More
        &nbsp;&nbsp; In order to evaluation the effects of different application methods of nitrogen fertilizer on sugar beet yield, an experiment was conducted in farms of agriculture faculty of Islamic Azad university, Tabriz &nbsp;branch in 2005. A randomized complete block design based factorial with three replicates used for three cultivars (7233, PP<sub>22</sub>, and IC) and three nitrogen application methods (seedbed applying of nitrogen, spraying at 6-8 and 14-16 leaf stages). Results showed that applying methods and cultivars had not significant effect on root and sugar yield, but on sugar percentage. Nitrogen spraying onP<sub>22</sub> increased root yield more than other cultivars. Among N applying methods, nitrogen spraying was more effective than others. Soil application of nitrogen increased sugar yield in 7233 and IC cultivars, whereas in PP<sub>22,</sub> the most effective method was nitrogen spraying in 14-16 leaf stage. Nitrogen spraying in PP<sub>22 </sub>for increasing root yield, and nitrogen spraying at 14-16 leaf stage in PP<sub>22</sub>, and seedbed applying of nitrogen fertilizer in 7233 and IC cultivars for increasing sugar yield was recommended. Manuscript profile
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        893 - Effect of micronutrients application methods on concentration of elements in leaf and kernel of Zea mays L. cv. Jeta
        Elnaz Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi mehrdad yarniya vahid ahmadzadeh nushin Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi
        <em>&nbsp;</em>To evaluate the effect of different micronutrients application methods on concentration of elements in leaf and kernel of <em>Zea mays</em> L. cv. Jeta, an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design based factorial with three replicati More
        <em>&nbsp;</em>To evaluate the effect of different micronutrients application methods on concentration of elements in leaf and kernel of <em>Zea mays</em> L. cv. Jeta, an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design based factorial with three replications in Tabriz in 2008. Factors consisted of micronutrients (ZnSO4, MnSO4, H3BO3, FeSO4 and complete fertilizer) and three methods of micronutrients application (soil application, seed coating and foliar application) and no micronutrient was used in the control traetment. The results showed that the effect of different fertilizers and methods of their applications was significant on the yield at 1% of probability level. The highest yield (200.5 g per plan) was obtained by foliar application of ZnSO4 with 59 and 109.96 percent increase compared to foliar application of complete fertilizer and control treatments, respectively. Seed coating by H3BO3 prevented ear production. The results also showed that the effect of different micro fertilizers and different application methods was significant on concentration of nutrient elements in kernels and leaves at 1% of probability level. In foliar application of fertilizers mixture, H3BO3 amount reached to 63.5 and 13.91 mg in leaves and kernels, respectively, with an increase of 3.23 and 74.96 % compared to the control. Foliar application by FeSO4 increased it's concentration up to 157.7 and 5.5 percent in the leaves and kernels, respectively. Foliar application by complete fertilizer on leaves and fertilizers mixture in kernel resulted in 154.54 and 24.25 percent Mn concentration increase in corn leaves and kernels, respectively. Foliar application of ZnSO4 was also effective so that it caused of 201.95 and 149.59 percent increase in this element concentration in leaves and kernels compared to the control, respectively. It could be concluded that easy access to micro elements and their optimum application could increase their concentration in corn kernels leading to providing them in human body. Manuscript profile
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        894 - The effect of some micro-macronutrients foliar application on morpho-physiological characteristics of maize in different growth stages
        Asiyeh Omid Haghi Ebrahim khalilvand Behrouzyar
        10.22034/aej.2016.523930
        77 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />&nbsp; <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />23 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />&nbsp; <br />&nbsp; <br />&nbsp; <br /><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong>To investigate the effect of some micro- More
        77 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />&nbsp; <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />23 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />&nbsp; <br />&nbsp; <br />&nbsp; <br /><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong>To investigate the effect of some micro-macronutrients as foliar application on some morphological and physiological characteristics of maize cv. SC704 in different growth stages an experiment was conducted in factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Station of Saatlo, Urmia, north-western Iran during growing seasons of 2013-2014. Treatments were five levels of foliar application include (N (Urea), Mg (MgSO<sub>4</sub>.H<sub>2</sub>O), Fe (FeSO<sub>4</sub>.H<sub>2</sub>O), Sulfur WP, and control) and three growth stages including of the 8-10 leaves stage, the tasseling stage and the seed-filling stage. Concentrations of foliar applications were determined in ratios of 5 to 1000 for Mg, Fe and S and 5 to 100 for N. A significant effect of different growth stages on ear height, number of row on ear, number of seed on row, 100-grain weight and total seed weight was found. Also, nutrients foliar application had a significant effect on ear height, number of seed on row, 100-grain weight and total seed weigh. In all of traits, treatment of 8-10 leaves stage had the highest and nitrogen foliar application in all treatments but seed on row number had the highest value. Application of treatments on 8-10 leaves stage was more than filling stage had 42.46% ear height, 5.98% number row per ear, 45% number of seed per row, 39.42% 100-grain weight and 2.84% total seed weight on ear. N-foliar application increased 45.71% ear height, 29.1 % 100- grain weight and 33.61 % total seed weight on ear compared to control. Besides, Fe foliar application had the highest number of seed on row comparing to control (43.39%). On the whole, 5% N foliar application and 5/1000 Fe foliar application improved the some of morpho-physiological characteristics of maize. This indicates that spraying while also providing balanced nutrition, is also economically affordable. Manuscript profile
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        895 - The effect of irrigation intervals and different ratios of manure and chemical fertilizer on yield and yield components of roselle in Iranshahr climate conditions
        Seyyed Mahdi Javadzadeh
        10.22034/aej.2018.539479
        <span lang="EN">To study the effect of irrigation and fertilizer levels on yieldof roselle (<em>Hibiscus sabdariffa</em> L.), an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Iranshahr, Iran in 2016.Treatment More
        <span lang="EN">To study the effect of irrigation and fertilizer levels on yieldof roselle (<em>Hibiscus sabdariffa</em> L.), an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Iranshahr, Iran in 2016.Treatments were included irrigation intervals of 7, 14 and 21 days and fertilizer</span><span> ratios</span><span lang="EN"> were included0:100, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 100:0 manure and chemical fertilizers. Irrigation and fertilizer levels had a significant effect on most of roselle characteristics. Calyx yield with irrigation interval of 14 days, it was about 8.1 g/m<sup>2</sup>, which was increased to 10.6 g/m<sup>2</sup> compared to 7 days irrigation interval. Integrated application of chemical fertilizer with manure was more incresing on roselle yield components than their separate application. The highest calyx yield was obtained in equal ratio of manure and chemical fertilizer, which was 23.7 and 32.2% higher than their individual application of manure and chemical fertilizer, respectively. Integrated application of manure and chemical produced more biomass. Therefore, application of equal ratio of manure and chemical fertilizer with irrigation intervals of 14 days in Iranshahr aquatic and climatic conditions isrecommended for roselle cultivation.</span> Manuscript profile
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        896 - Effect of combined fertilizers and iron chelate foliar on quantity yield of Rosa damascena
        Vahideh Samadiyan-Sarebangholi Seyyed Reza Tabaei-Aghdaei Bohloul Abbaszadeh Mohammad Hossein Lebaschy
        According to the nutrition role in product quality and quantity of <em>Rosa damascena</em>, in order to determine appropriate amounts and new consumption methods (foliar spray), this project was conducted in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, as split plot wi More
        According to the nutrition role in product quality and quantity of <em>Rosa damascena</em>, in order to determine appropriate amounts and new consumption methods (foliar spray), this project was conducted in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, as split plot with three replications during 2011. Main plot consisted of combined fertilizer at 5 levels (1: N0, P0 &amp; K0kg/ha + manure 0ton/ha, 2: N40, P40 &amp; K0kg/ha + manure 15ton/ha, 3: N40, P40 &amp; K40kg/ha + manure 15ton/ha, 4: N80, P80 &amp; K40kg/ha + manure 30ton/ha &amp; 5: N120, P120 &amp; K80kg/ha + manure 40ton/ha) and sub plot were foliar spray of iron chelate at four levels (0, 1, 2 &amp; 3 times). The analysis of variance showed that the effect of main and sub factor were significantly different for all of measured traits (&alpha;&le;0.01). According to results, the highest flower number per bush (3937.8n/plant) and hectare (4374840n/ha) belonged to fertilizer treatment 4. There was no significant difference between foliar spray numbers but each of them had higher flower yield per bush and hectare than control treatment (free foliar spray). Interaction effect of fertilizer treatment 4 in 2 foliar spray showed the highest oil percent with 0.0658%. The highest oil yield (3965.8g/ha) observed in treatment 4 in 3 foliar spray. Based on these results, simultaneous use of chemical fertilizer (NPK), manure and foliar spray of microelements increased yield. So, this fertilizer compound could be compensated the problem of reducing quality and quantity of product in the second half of flowering period. Manuscript profile
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        897 - Effect of different irrigation and planting methods on water use effeciency and some seed yield characteristics in three pinto common bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
        Mehdi Mehrpouyan Manoucheher Farboodi Jalil Ajali Feraydoon Davoodi Asghar Jafari
        &nbsp; In order to study the effect of surface and local irrigation (Tape) methods on yield and water use efficiency of three common bean cultivars (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> L.) in different planting patterns, a split split plot experiment was conducted based on a ra More
        &nbsp; In order to study the effect of surface and local irrigation (Tape) methods on yield and water use efficiency of three common bean cultivars (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> L.) in different planting patterns, a split split plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Khoramdareh region, Iran in 2011 and 2012. Khomain, Talash and COS16 cultivars were planted in sub sub&shy;-&shy;plots, furrow and without furrow were placed in sub&shy;-&shy;plots and surface and local irrigation (Tape) methods were considered as levels of the main factor. Results showed that tape irrigation increased seed yield up to 28% in comparison to the surface irrigation in pinto common bean cultivation. Khomain and COS16 produced 36% and 32% more yield than Talash cultivar, respectively. It was duo to higher seed number per plant in COS16 and higher 100 seed weight of Khomain cultivar. COS16 showed a better response to local irrigation and furrow planting pattern, because it has type I (erect type) growth form. The response of cultivars to irrigation methods and planting patterns was different, so that the highest seed yield was obtained from Khomain cultivar with tape irrigation and without furrow (3329.8 kg/ha), Khomain cultivar with tape irrigation and furrow (3020 kg/ha) and COS16 cultivar with tape irrigation and furrow (3010.4 kg/ha). The highest value for water use efficiency (1.12 kg/m<sup>3</sup>) was obtained by local irrigation (Tape). In tape irrigation method, volume of used water was 32% lesser than the surface irrigation and seed yield was increased more than 28%. All cultivars produced higher yield in tape irrigation method, but they showed different responses to the planting pattern. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        898 - Effect of alternate furrow irrigation method on grain yield and water use efficiency of common bean genotypes
        Omid Sadeghipour Ali Faramarzi
        A field experiment was conducted in order to investigate the effect of alternate furrow irrigation on yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of common bean genotypes in Karaj, Iran during 2005 - 2006. The experimental design was split plot based on randomized complete blo More
        A field experiment was conducted in order to investigate the effect of alternate furrow irrigation on yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of common bean genotypes in Karaj, Iran during 2005 - 2006. The experimental design was split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications. Three furrow irrigation methods including: alternate furrow irrigation (AFI), fixed furrow irrigation (FFI) and conventional furrow irrigation (CFI) methods were considered as main factor and three genotypes of Akhtar, Derakhshan and D81083 line were planted in subplots. Results showed no significant difference between the effect of AFI and FFI methods on grain yield of bean genotypes. However AFI decreased grain yield of line D81083, Akhtar and Derakhshan cultivars up to 10.2, 32.5 and 30.9 percent in comparison to CFI method, repectively. Line D81083 showed higher water use efficiency than other two studied genotypes. Irrigation water use efficiency of Akhtar and Derakhshan cultivars and line D81083 was also increased by AFI in comparison to CFI method up to 9.2%, 11.9% and 52.9%, respectively. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        899 - The effect of drought stress and nitrogen levels on yield and water use efficiency of forage millet and sorghum
        Seyed Golam Reza Moosavi mohammadjavad Mirhadi seyedataollah Siadat ghorban Noor Mohammadi farrokh Darvish
        In order to evaluation of different irrigation and nitrogen levels on yield and yield components and water use efficiency of forage millet (cv. Notrifeed) and sorghum (cv. Speedfeed), an experiment was conducted in agricultural research station of Islamic Azad universit More
        In order to evaluation of different irrigation and nitrogen levels on yield and yield components and water use efficiency of forage millet (cv. Notrifeed) and sorghum (cv. Speedfeed), an experiment was conducted in agricultural research station of Islamic Azad university of Birjand in 2005. Experimental design was split-split plot based on randomized compelet block design in three replications. The main plots were three irrigation levels (33, 67 and 100 precent of water requirment), sub plots were three nitrogen levels (46, 92 and 138 kg/ha) and sub-sub plots were plant species (forage sorghum and millet). The results&nbsp; showed that the effect of irrigation and nitrogen treatments and plant were significant at 0.01 confidence level on total fresh and dry yield and water use efficiency. The dry forage yield in 33 and 67 percent water requirement treatments were 62.6 and 15.5 percent lower than 100% water requirement treatment, respectively. The highest water use efficiency was belonge to medium water stress. Also total fresh and dry yield of forage and water use efficiency in millet were greater than sorghum. In addition, interaction between irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer in mentioned traits was significant at 0.01 confidence level. Application of higher levels of nitrogen increased total fresh and dry yield of forage and water use efficiency&nbsp; at all irrigation levels, significantly. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        900 - Effect of different application methods of micronutrients on quantitative and qualitative properties of wheat
        Asghar Farajniya Mohammad Bager Khourshidi Benam1
        &nbsp;To comparison of micronutrient application methods effect on grain and straw yield, and protein and elements concentration, a RCBD design with 5 treatments (soil apply, leaf spraying, seed treatment, soil applying+leaf spraying and seed treatment+leaf spraying) in More
        &nbsp;To comparison of micronutrient application methods effect on grain and straw yield, and protein and elements concentration, a RCBD design with 5 treatments (soil apply, leaf spraying, seed treatment, soil applying+leaf spraying and seed treatment+leaf spraying) in 3 replications was conducted at Tikmedash research station, Miyaneh, Iran. Regarding Verthic Haploxrepts soil analysis results, N, P, and K was applied from urea, Triple super phosphate and potassium sulfate bases respectively. Half of urea was dressed at seed elongation and heading stages. In soil applying method, MgSO<sub>4</sub>, ZnSO<sub>4</sub>, MnSO<sub>4</sub>, CuSO<sub>4</sub>, EDDHA and H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub> was applied as 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, and 20 kg/ha, respectively. In leaf spraying method, micronutrient manures such as ZnSO<sub>4</sub>, MnSO<sub>4</sub>, CuSO<sub>4</sub>, FeSO<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3 </sub>in 0.002 concentration+0.05% urea was applied in stem elongation, heading and a week after anthesis stages. In seed treatment method a stock solution in 30% concentration of all above mentioned nutrients was prepared and sprayed on 10 kg wheat seeds, and then the seeds were sown. In soil application+leaf spraying method the 1 and 2 methods in leaf spraying and the 2 and 3 methods in seed treatment was used. During growth stages 5 irrigation was applied by sprinklers. Statistical analysis showed that the soil application+leaf spraying method increased grain and straw, protein contents and seed elements concentrations significantly, and so could be recommended. in wheat cultivation. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        901 - Examining Economic Hardship and Cosmopolitanism on Animosity and Consumer Purchase Intention (Case Study: Products of Pars Khazar Company)
        Esmaeil Akbari Shabkhoslati Elham Faridchehr Majid Ahmadi
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of economic hardship and cosmopolitanism on animosity and consumer purchase intention at Pars Khazar Company in Tehran. The purpose of this study is applied and based on data collection method, descriptive correlat More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of economic hardship and cosmopolitanism on animosity and consumer purchase intention at Pars Khazar Company in Tehran. The purpose of this study is applied and based on data collection method, descriptive correlational type. The statistical population of the research is all the customers of Pars Khazar Company, based on Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as a sample and 384 questionnaires were distributed by simple random method. Th e reliability of the questionnaire was measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was 0.803. The validity of the research instrument was also evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis technique. Then the data were analyzed by structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS software. The results of the research hypotheses show that economic hardship and cosmopolitanism on animosity, animosity o n quality judgements an d consumer purchase intention, and quality judgements affects the consumer purchase intention. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        902 - Evaluating the Impact of Moral Obligation, Received Controls and Belonging to Material Ownership on Sustainable Consumption Behavior
        Alireza Vahidifar Elham Faridchehr Majid Ahmadi
        The change in lifestyle and consumption patterns after population growth and urbanization, as well as the changes in climate conditions and the resources of the planet, have revealed the need to review the production and consumption plans; Meanwhile, the production and More
        The change in lifestyle and consumption patterns after population growth and urbanization, as well as the changes in climate conditions and the resources of the planet, have revealed the need to review the production and consumption plans; Meanwhile, the production and consumption of green products instead of conventional products is one of the ways to preserve resources and the environment for the future generation. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the impact of moral obligation, received controls and belonging to material ownership on sustainable consumption behavior in Dorsa Leather Company in Tehran. The research method is applied in terms of purpose, and based on the method of data collection, it is descriptive of the correlation type. The statistical population of the research is all customers of Dorsa Leather Company. Using Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as a sample and 400 questionnaires were distributed and 391 questionnaires were collected. The sampling of this research is non-probability and available. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was 0.787. The validity of the research tool has also been checked by performing the confirmatory factor analysis technique. Then the data were analyzed by structural equation modeling method and using Smart PLS software. The results of research hypotheses indicate that belonging to material ownership, received controls of sustainable consumption and Moral Obligation of sustainable consumption play a role on sustainable consumption behavior. Also, the role of the need for independence, the need for intimacy, and the need for control over belonging to material ownership has been shown. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        903 - ی
        &divide;ت ی دت م ن ت ن ت
        ی
        ی Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        904 - Designing a Consumer Motivation Pattern for Online Group Shopping Using Structural-Interpretive Modeling
        mojtaba ramazani reza nasrollahi saeidlo davood lafz froshan keivan aliverdi nasab
        Online group shopping has become an important and fast selling channel providing the products and services provided, however it has been done thoroughly to examine the different types of online group shopping note. With the aim of this research, there has been the desig More
        Online group shopping has become an important and fast selling channel providing the products and services provided, however it has been done thoroughly to examine the different types of online group shopping note. With the aim of this research, there has been the design of a model of consumer motivation to buy online group using modeling-interpretive construction. Descriptive research method and statistical sample of research in the section of identifying consumer motivations for online group shopping includes 217 users of group shopping websites. In the second part, ten news people have been used to design the pattern and leveling. In order to collect statistical information, two questionnaires were used. The first questionnaire was used to identify online shopping groups and the second questionnaire was used to design a pattern and leveling based on the structural-interpretive modeling method. In order to analyze the data of the actual analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient to check the validity of the questionnaire, t-test was used to prescribe users for group online shopping and to design a pattern for buying a model made for modeling-interpretation. The results are in the court identification section, which out of a total of sixteen factors extracted from the research literature, ten factors in the title of consumer motivation to buy online group that you are looking for. Also, the results of structural-interpretive modeling showed that the quality of the website is in the seventh level and as an operating system causes. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        905 - The Impact of Social Media Marketing Activities on the Brand Loyalty, Considering the Mediation Effect of Materialism and Conspicuous Consumption Behavior
        Mohammadhossein Daneshvar Seyedhadi Eslamian shiraz Mina Alyari Gargari
        The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of social media marketing activities on the brand loyalty, considering the mediation effect of materialism and conspicuous consumption behavior. This research is an applicable in terms of its purpose, and descrip More
        The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of social media marketing activities on the brand loyalty, considering the mediation effect of materialism and conspicuous consumption behavior. This research is an applicable in terms of its purpose, and descriptive-survey research in terms of its nature. The statistical population of this research was 384 active social media users, and the data were collected by non-random available method using online and in-person questionnaire tools and finally analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling using AMOS.24 software. The findings of this research indicated that the social media marketing has a positive effect on brand loyalty, materialism, and conspicuous consumption behavior. Conspicuous consumption behavior has a positive impact on brand loyalty and mediate the relationship between social media marketing activities and brand loyalty. Furthermore, conspicuous consumption behavior mediates the relationship between materialism and brand loyalty. According to the findings, people who have the characteristic of materialism and conspicuous consumption behavior can use social media interact with other people and share their views and information about the brand. This leads to a sense of belonging to the brand and ultimately increases brand loyalty. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        906 - Evaluation and presentation of a conspicuous consumption pattern with conscious behavior recognition to improve market performance
        Zohreh Shakeri Hossein GhareBeygloo Hossein Ammari
        10.30495/jom.2023.1985638.1086
        The present study aims to design a demonstrative consumption model and tries to identify the factors affecting demonstrative consumption and develop the process of demonstrative consumption of products in the market by marketers to respond to this need of consumers. Thi More
        The present study aims to design a demonstrative consumption model and tries to identify the factors affecting demonstrative consumption and develop the process of demonstrative consumption of products in the market by marketers to respond to this need of consumers. This research is fundamental in terms of purpose and exploratory in terms of method and has been conducted using a qualitative meta-synthesis research method and content analysis by conducting exploratory interviews, participatory observations, and reviewing related articles. After the investigations carried out in the field of demonstrative consumption and through the step-by-step content analysis process, 11 main themes including mental engagement, displacement, generalization, revival, need for power, differentiation, prestige, purchasing power, memetic, social bond and reference groups and 24 sub-themes were introduced. The final model of conspicuous consumption was shown in the form of a three-layer model, which is a function of external (memetic, social connection, reference groups) and internal (need for power, distinction, prestige, purchasing power) factors, which two-layeres are unctrolable by non-marketers. Manuscript profile

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