The Response of Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids with Different Maturity Groups to Low Dose Application of Nicosulfuron Herbicide
Subject Areas :
Journal of Crop Ecophysiology
Iraj Rooki
1
,
M. Armin
2
,
Matin Jamimoeini
3
1 - MS.c. Graduated Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran.
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran.
Received: 2019-01-27
Accepted : 2019-04-20
Published : 2019-06-22
Keywords:
weed,
cultivar,
Yield loss,
herbicide dose,
Abstract :
To investigate the response of corn varieties with different maturity groups to low dose applications of nicosulfuron herbicide, a split plot experiment with a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out in Barekat Jovain Agricultural Company (Sabzevar, Razavikhorasan province) in 2017. Factors were: corn hybrids (early maturing (single cross hybrid 260, medium maturing (single cross hybrid 400) and late maturing (single cross hybrid 704) varieties as main plot and subplots five herbicide low dose applications (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% recommended dose (50 g.ha-1 a.i. nicosulfuron) and with one weed free treatment. The results showed that, the late maturity hybrid had higher plant height, ear weight, number of rows per cob, number of seeds per row, cob weight, and seed number in cob, economic yield, biological yield, weed density and weed dry weight than other hybrids. Increasing doses of herbicide increased plant height (0.64%), ear weight (39.45%), number of rows per cob (8.93%), number of seeds per row (30.15%), seed weight (10.68%), number of seed per cob (40.63%), economic yield (41.82%), biological yield (14.95%)and decreased weed density (70.88%)and weed dry weight (82.17%) as compared to that of weedy condition. Although use of herbicide to reduce weed dry weight in late maturing hybrids was more than early and medium maturing hybrids but the use of the recommended herbicide dose had the same effects on weed control. 75% of the recommended dose in all three varieties produced the same yield as compared to the recommended dose. But in the late maturity hybrid, 50% reduction in recommended doses could be similar to the recommended dosage. In general, it can be said that increasing the length of the plant growth period allows the use of lower doses of herbicide than the recommended dose.
References:
· Afsharmanesh, G. 2015. Effect of planting pattern on grain yield and agronomic traits of corn cultivars in Jiroft, Iran. Agronomy Journal. 102: 124-130. (In Persian).
· Ahmadi K., H. Gholizadeh, R. Hadipoor, H. Abdeshah, A. Kazemian, and M. Rafiei. 2017. Agricultural statistics, 2015-2016, Volume one: crops. Deputy of planning and economics. Ministry of Agriculture Jihad. (In Persian).
· Asghari J., and G.R. Cheraghi. 2003. The critical period of weed control in two late and medium maturity grain maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 5: 285-301. (In Persian).
· Bakhshi Z., A. Vahedi, B. Asadi, R. Fakhari, and N. Hasanzadeh. 2013. Studying effect of nicosulfuron herbicide doses and different nitrogen fertilizer levels on some features of weeds and corn grain yield. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production. 4: 1942-1951.
· Barros, J.F., G. Basch, and M. de Carvalho. 2005. Effect of reduced doses of a post-emergence graminicide mixture to control Lolium rigidum G. in winter wheat under direct drilling in Mediterranean environment. Crop Protection. 24: 880-887.
· Blair A., B. Ritz, C. Wesseling, and L.B. Freeman. 2015. Pesticides and human health. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
· Doyle, P., and M. Stypa. 2004. Reduced herbicide rates - a Canadian perspective. Weed Technology. 18: 1157-1165.
· Evans S.P., J.L. Knezevic, C.A. Lindquist, and E.E. Shapiro. 2003. Nitrogen application influence the critical period for weed control in corn. Weed Science. 51: 408-417
· Fateh, E., F. Sharifzadeh, D. Mazaheri, and M. Baghestani. 2007. Evaluation of competition ability between corn (Zea mays) and lambsquarter (Chenopodium album) influencedby planting pattern and their effect on corn yield component. Agronomy Journal. 73: 87-95. (In Persian).
· Hosseini S., M.M. Rashed Mohassel, M. Nasiri Mehalati, and K. Hajmohammadnia Ghalibaf. 2009. The influence of nitrogen and weed interference periods on corn (Zea mays L.) yield and yield components. Journal of Plant Protection. 23: 97-105. (In Persian).
· Jha, P., V. Kumar, R.K. Godara, and B.S. Chauhan. 2017. Weed management using crop competition in the United States: A review. Crop Protection. 95: 31-37.
· Kim D., E. Marshall, P. Brain, and J. Caseley. 2006. Modelling the effects of sub-lethal doses of herbicide and nitrogen fertilizer on crop-weed competition. Weed Research. 46: 492-502.
· Kudsk, P. 2008. Optimising herbicide dose: a straight forward approach to reduce the risk of side effects of herbicides. The Environmentalist. 28: 49-55.
· Laraki, F., N.A. Bakhtiar, and M. Ghomari. 2012. Effect of planting date on yield and yield components of six medium hybrids of maize in Khuzestan. Crop Physiology Journal. 4: 59-69. (In Persian).
· Lum, A.F., D. Chikoye, and S. Adesiyan. 2005. Effect of nicosulfuron dosages and timing on the postemergence control of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) in corn. Weed Technology. 19: 122-127.
· Mohagheghnejad, R., M. Armin, and M. Heydari. 2014. The effect of split application of nitrogen and herbicide doses on yield and yield components of wheat in competition with weeds. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 28: 34-46. (In Persian).
· Moradi, H.R., M. Armin, and H. Marvi. 2016. Effects of nitrogen rate and herbicide doses on yield and yield components of corn under weed competition. Journal of Weed Ecology. 4: 11-18. (In Persian).
· Noormohammadi, G., A. Siadat, and A. Kashan. 1998. Cereal crops. Shahid Chamran University. Press. 468 pp.(In Persian).
· Nurse, R.E., A.S. Hamill, C.J. Swanton, F.J. Tardif, and P.H. Sikkema. 2007. Weed control and yield response to foramsulfuron in corn. Weed Technology. 21: 453-458.
· Powles, S.B. 2018. Herbicide resistance in plants: Biology and Biochemistry. CRC Press.
· Ranum, P., J.P. Pena-Rosas, and M.N. Garcia-Casal. 2014. Global maize production, utilization, and consumption. Annuals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1312: 105-112.
· Röhrig, M., and H. Stützel. 2001. Dry matter production and partitioning of Chenopodium album in contrasting competitive environments. Weed Research. 41: 129-142.
· Santos, B.M., J.P. Gilreath, C.E. Esmel, and M.N. Siham. 2007. Effects of sublethal glyphosate rates on fresh market tomato. Crop Protection. 26: 89-91.
· Sardana, V., G. Mahajan, K. Jabran, and B.S. Chauhan. 2017. Role of competition in managing weeds: An introduction to the special issue. Crop Protection. 95: 1-7.
· Shahi, H., B. Mirshekari, A.R. Valadabdi, and A. Dabbag Mohamadinasab. 2010. The effect of different interference periods of weeds on, leaf area index, yield and yield components of corn hybrid. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 4: 15-26. (In Persian).
· Sharifi, R., A. Javanshir, M. Shakiba, K. Ghasemi Golezani, A. Mohamadi, and Y. Raei. 2009. The effect of different densities and interferences periods of sorghum on contribution of stem reserves to corn grain yield. Journal of Water and Soil Science. 12: 109-116. (In Persian).
· Widdicombe, W.D., and K.D. Thelen. 2002. Row width and plant density effect on corn forage hybrids. Agronomy Journal. 94: 326-330.
· Zare, A., H.R. Mashhadi, H. Alizadeh, and M.B. Mesgaran. 2008. The responses of corn weeds to nitrogen fertilizer rates and herbicide dosages. Iranin Journal of Weed Science. 4: 21-32. (In Persian).
_||_
