Subject Areas :

ایوب مرادخانی ¹ , نیلوفر نیکقدم * ² , منصوره طاهباز ³

1 - دانشجو ی دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - دکتری معماری، استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
3 - دکتری معماری، دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

Received: 2019-03-16 Accepted : 2019-03-16 Published : 2019-02-20

Keywords:

References:

-       References:

1. Irandost, Kiyomars & Kiyomars ­Habibi­­(2013), Formation of the outlook of Sanandaj city, governorate of Kurdistan province(in persian).


2. Riazi, Mansoureh & Seyyed Mehdi Hosseini­(2011), A Survey on Energy Production and Consumption Optimization Policies in the Construction Sector of Iran ", The First International Conference on Modern Approaches to Energy Conservation, Tehran, Amir Kabir University of Technology(in persian).


3. Adolphe, L. (2001a). Modelling the link between built environment and urban climate: towards simplified indicators of the city environment. In Seventh International IBPSA Conference (pp. 13-15).‏


4. Adolphe, L. (2001b). A simplified model of urban morphology: application to an analysis of the environmental performance of cities. Environment and planning B: planning and design, 28(2), 183-200.‏


5. Ali-Toudert, F. & Mayer, H. (2007). Thermal comfort in an east–west oriented street canyon in Freiburg (Germany) under hot summer conditions. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 87(1-4), 223-237.


6. Anbouhi, M. H. Farahza, N. & Ayatollahi, S. M. H. (2016). Analysis of Thermal Behavior of Materials in the Building Envelope Using Building Information Modeling (BIM)—A Case Study Approach. Open Journal of Energy Efficiency, 5(03), 88.‏‏


7. Dascalaki, E. G. Droutsa, K. G. Balaras, C. A. & Kontoyiannidis, S. (2011). Building typologies as a tool for assessing the energy performance of residential buildings–A case study for the Hellenic building stock. Energy and Buildings, 43(12), 3400-3409.‏


8. DeKay, M. & Brown, G. Z. (2013). Sun, wind, and light: architectural design strategies. John Wiley & Sons.‏


9. Emmanuel, R. Rosenlund, H. & Johansson, E. (2007). Urban shading—a design option for the tropics? A study in Colombo, Sri Lanka. International journal of climatology, 27(14), 1995-2004.


10. Haapio, A. (2012). Towards sustainable urban communities. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 32(1), 165-169.‏


11. Hachem, C. Fazio, P. & Athienitis, A. (2013). Solar optimized residential neighborhoods: Evaluation and design methodology. Solar Energy, 95, 42-64.


12. Huovila, P. (2007). Buildings and climate change: status, challenges, and opportunities. UNEP/Earthprint.‏


13. Koch, A. Girard, S. & McKoen, K. (2012). Towards a neighbourhood scale for low-or zero-carbon building projects. Building Research & Information, 40(4), 527-537.‏


14. Majcen, D. Itard, L. & Visscher, H. (2015). Statistical model of the heating prediction gap in Dutch dwellings: Relative importance of building, household and behavioural characteristics. Energy and Buildings, 105, 43-59.


15. Marino, C. Nucara, A. & Pietrafesa, M. (2017). Does window-to-wall ratio have a significant effect on the energy consumption of buildings? A parametric analysis in Italian climate conditions. Journal of Building Engineering, 13, 169-183.‏


16. Nasrollahi, F. (2013). Green office buildings: low energy demand through architectural energy efficiency.‏ Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin


17. Nayak, J. K. & Prajapati, J. A. (2006). Handbook on energy conscious buildings. Prepared under the interactive R & D project, (3/4), 03.‏


18. Nguyen Van, T. & De Troyer, F. (2018). New Surrogate Model for Wind Pressure Coefficients in a Schematic Urban Environment with a Regular Pattern. Atmosphere, 9(3), 113.‏


19. Pothitou, M. Kolios, A. J. Varga, L. & Gu, S. (2016). A framework for targeting household energy savings through habitual behavioural change. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 35(7), 686-700.‏


20. Premrov, M. Žigart, M. & Leskovar, V. Ž. (2018). Influence of the building shape on the energy performance of timber-glass buildings located in warm climatic regions. Energy, 149, 496-504.‏


21. Rahman, M. M. Rasul, M. G. & Khan, M. M. K. (2010). Energy conservation measures in an institutional building in sub-tropical climate in Australia. Applied Energy, 87(10), 2994-3004.‏


22. Ratti, C. Baker, N. & Steemers, K. (2005). Energy consumption and urban texture. Energy and buildings, 37(7), 762-776.‏


23. Ratti, C. Raydan, D. & Steemers, K. (2003). Building form and environmental performance: archetypes, analysis and an arid climate. Energy and buildings, 35(1), 49-59.‏


24. Salat, S. (2009). Energy loads, CO2 emissions and building stocks: morphologies, typologies, energy systems and behaviour. Building Research & Information, 37(5-6), 598-609.‏


25. Steemers, K. (2003). Cities, energy and comfort: a PLEA 2000 review. Energy & Buildings, 1(35), 1-2.‏


26. Strømann-Andersen, J. & Sattrup, P. A. (2011). The urban canyon and building energy use: Urban density versus daylight and passive solar gains. Energy and Buildings, 43(8).‏


27. Taleghani, M. Tenpierik, M. & van den Dobbelsteen, A. (2014). Energy performance and thermal comfort of courtyard/atrium dwellings in the Netherlands in the light of climate change. Renewable Energy, 63, 486-497.


28. Taleghani, M. Tenpierik, M. van den Dobbelsteen, A. & de Dear, R. (2013). Energy use impact of and thermal comfort in different urban block types in the Netherlands. Energy and Buildings, 67, 166-175.‏


29. Tsirigoti, D. & Tsikaloudaki, K. (2018). The Effect of Climate Conditions on the Relation between Energy Efficiency and Urban Form. Energies, 11(3), 582.‏


30. Van Esch, M. M. E. Looman, R. H. J. & de Bruin-Hordijk, G. J. (2012). The effects of urban and building design parameters on solar access to the urban canyon and the potential for direct passive solar heating strategies. Energy and Buildings, 47, 189-200.‏


31. Van Wee, B. (2002). Land use and transport: research and policy challenges. Journal of transportgeography, 10(4), 259-271.


32. Vega-Azamar, R. E. Glaus, M. Hausler, R. Oropeza-García, N. A. & Romero-López, R. (2013). An emergy analysis for urban environmental sustainability assessment, the Island of Montreal, Canada. Landscape and Urban Planning, 118, 18-28.‏


33. Verovsek, S. Juvancic, M. & Zupancic, T. (2018). Widening the scope and scale of sustainability assessments in built environments: from passive house to active neighbourhood. Academic journal of interdisciplinary studies, 7(1), 129-135.‏


34. Vettorato, D. (2011). Bridging Urban Morphology and Energy Performance Analysis. In 47th ISOCARP Congress (pp. 1-12).‏


35. Wang, B. Cot, L. D. Adolphe, L. Geoffroy, S. & Sun, S. (2017). Cross indicator analysis between wind energy potential and urban morphology. Renewable Energy, 113, 989-1006.


36. Yamaguchi, Y. Shimoda, Y. & Mizuno, M. (2007). Transition to a sustainable urban energy system from a long-term perspective: Case study in a Japanese business district. Energy and Buildings, 39(1), 1-12.‏