The Effect of Blackberry Extract on the Total Antioxidant Capacity and Lipid Peroxidation after Acute Resistance Exercise in Obese Men
Subject Areas : Microbiology
Sirvan Atashak
1
,
Abdollah Niloofari
2
,
Kamal Azizbaygi
3
1 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد مهاباد، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، مهاباد، ایران
2 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد مهاباد، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، مهاباد، ایران
3 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد سنندج، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، سنندج، ایران
Keywords: Blackberry Supplementation, oxidative stress, Resistance Exercise,
Abstract :
Introduction: Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, that is associated with increased oxidative stress statues. Moreover, despite of many studies that indicated regular exercise training is associated with numerous health benefits, it has been shown that acute exercise might give rise to increased oxidative stress. Therefore, natural supplementation might attenuate oxidative stress in exercise. The present study is conducted to assess the effect of blackberry extract on the total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation after acute resistance exercise in obese men.Materials and Methods: In a randomized double-blind design, twenty obese men (BMIS 30) were assigned into one of two placebo (n = 10) and supplement (n = 10) groups. Supplement group received 100 mg blackberry daily for seven days while other group consumed placebo.All subjects underwent resistance exercise that included nine exercises with 60% 1-RM. Venous blood samples to determine plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) as an index to lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity were obtained one week prior to the exercise, immediately before the exercise and 24 hours after the exercise.Results: The results indicated that MDA concentration significantly increased after resistance exercise in placebo group as compared to the supplement group (P<0.05). Moreover, the mean of total antioxidant capacity remained unchanged in both groups in immediately preexercise and 24 h post exercise (P>0.005).Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that acute resistance exercise give rise to increased MDA concentration in obese men. The application of blackberry extract employed as an antioxidant supplement might ameliorate this marker and prevent the oxidative stress damage.
آتشک، س.، شرفی، ح.، آذربایجانی، م. ع.، گلی، ا.، بتوراک، ک. و کریمی، و. (1391). تاثیر مکمل سازی اسید چرب امگا-3 بر پراکسیداسیون لیپیدی و ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی تام پلاسما متعاقب یک جلسه فعالیت مقاومتی در مردان ورزشکار جوان. مجله علوم پزشکی کردستان، دوره هفدهم، صفحات 59-51.
جعفری، ا.، ذکری، ر.، دهقان، غ ر. و ملکی راد، ع. ا. (1390). تاثیر مکمل سازی کوتاه مدت عصاره سیر بر مارکرهای استرس اکسیداتیو والتهاب متعاقب یک جلسه فعالیت هوازی در مردان غیر ورزشکار. مجله سلول و بافت، شماره دوم، صفحات 33-25.
حسن ذوالفقار، د.، کارگرفرد، م. و کریم آزاد مرجانی، و. (1391). اثر مکمل و فعالیت بی هوازی بر شاخص های استرس اکسایشی در ورزشکاران واترپلو. مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان، سال سی ام، شماره 199، صفحات 1130-1119.
قاسمی، ا.، افضل پور، م. ا.، ثاقب جو، م. و زربان، ا. (1391). تأثیر مکمل سازی کوتاه مدت چای سبز بر ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی تام و پراکسیداسیون لیپیدی زنان جوان پس از یک جلسه تمرین مقاومتی شدید. مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان، سال سی ام، شماره 202، صفحات 1276-1267.
Atashak, S., Piree, M., Azarbayejani, M. A., Stannard, S. R. & Haghighi, M. M. (2011). Obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors after long- term resistance training and ginger supplementation. J Sport Sci & Med. 10: 685-691.
Belviran, M. & Gökbel, H. (2006). Acute Exercise Induced Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Changes. Eur J Gen Med. 3: 126-131.
Belviran, M., Gökbel, H., Okudan, N. & Başaral, K. (2012). Effects of grape seed extract supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress in rats. Br J Nutr. 108(2): 249-56.
Benzie, I. F. & Strain, J. J. (1996). The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of ‘‘antioxidant power: the FRAP assay. Anal Biochem. 239: 70–76.
Calderon, K. S., Yucha, C. B. & Schaffer, S. D. (2005). Obesity-Related Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Intervention Recommendations to Decrease Adolescent Obesity. J Pediatr Nurs 2005. 20: 2-13.
Cardoso, A. M., Bagatini, M. D., Roth, M. A., Martins, C. C., Rezer, J. E. P. & Mello, F. F. (2012). Acute effects of resistance exercise and intermittent intense aerobic exercise on blood cell count and oxidative stress in trained middle-aged women. Braz J Med Biol Res. 45(12): 1172-1182.
Cho, B. O., Ryu, H. W., Jin, C. H., Choi, D. S., Kang, S., Kim, D. S., Byun, M. & Jeong, I. J. (2011). Blackberry Extract Attenuates Oxidative Stress through Up-regulation of Nrf2-Dependent Antioxidant Enzymes in Carbon Tetrachloride-Treated Rats. J Agric Food Chem. 59(21): 11442–11448.
Cotelle, N. (2001). Role of flavonoids in oxidative stress. Curr Top Med Chem. 1(6): 569-90.
Dai, J., Patel, J. D. & Mumper, R. J. (2007). Characterization of blackberry extract and its antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. J Med Food. 10(2): 258-65.
Deminice, R., Sicchieri, T., Payão, P. O. & Jordão, A. A. (2010). Blood and Salivary Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Following an Acute Session of Resistance Exercise in Humans. Int J Sports Med. 32: 599-603.
Dixon, C. B., Robertson, R. J., Goss, F. L., Timmer, J. M., Nagle, E. F. & Evans, R. W. (2006). The effect of acute resistance exercise on serum malondialdehyde in resistance-
trained and untrained collegiate men. J Strength Cond Res. 20(3): 693-8.
Dobrian, A. D., Davies, M. J., Prewitt, R. L. & Lauterio, T. J. (2000). Development of hypertension in a rat model of diet-induced obesity. Hypertension, 35: 1009-1015.
Forsythe, L. K., Julie, M. W., Wallace, M. & Barbara, E. (2008). Obesity and inflammation: the effects of weight loss. Nutrit Res Rev. 21: 117–13.
Fukumoto, L. R. & Mazza, G. (2000). Assessing antioxidant and prooxidant activities of phenolic compounds. J Agric Food Chem. 48(8): 3597-604.
Imran, M., Khan, H., Shah, M., Khan, R. & Khan, F. (2010). Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of certain Morus species. J Zhejiang Univ Sci. 11(12): 973-80.
Mcanulty, S., Mcanulty, L., Nieman, D., Morrow, J., Utter, A. & Dumke, C. (2005). Effect of resistance exercise and carbohydrate ingestion on oxidative stress. Free Radical Res. 39: 1219-1224.
McBride, J. M., Kraemer, W. J., McBride, T. T. & Sebastianelli, W. (1998). Effect of resistance exercise on free radical production. Med Sci Sports Exer. 30: 67–72.
McLeay, Y., Barnes, M. J., Mundel, T., Hurst, S. M., Hurst, R. D. & Stannard, S. R. (2012). Effect of New Zealand blueberry consumption on recovery from eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. J Int Soc Sport Nutr. 9: 19. 1-12.
Morillas-Ruiz, J. M., Villegas García, J. A., López, F. J., Vidal-Guevara, M. L. & Zafrilla, P. (2006). Effects of polyphenolic antioxidants on exercise-induced oxidative stress. Clin Nutr. 25(3): 444-53.
Nojima, H., Watanabe, H., Yamane, K., Kitahara, Y., Sekikawa, K. & Yamamoto, H. (2008). Effect of aerobic exercise training on oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism. 57, 170–176.
Ozata, M., Mergen, M., Oktenli, C., Aydin, A., Sanisoglu, S. Y. & Bolu, E. (2002). Increased oxidative stress and hypozincemia in male obesity. Clin Bioch. 35: 627–631.
Panza, V. S., Wazlawik, E., Ricardo Schütz, G., Comin, L., Hecht, K. C. & da Silva, E. L. (2008) Consumption of green tea favorably affects oxidative stress markers in weight-trained men. Nutrition. 24(5): 433-42.
Parisi, S. M. & Goodman, E. (2008).
Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Children and Adolescents. Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports. 2:47–52.
Pergola, C., Rossi, A., Dugo, P., Cuzzocrea, S. & Sautebin, L. (2006). Inhibition of nitric oxide biosynthesis by anthocyanin fraction of blackberry extract. Nitric Oxide. 15(1): 30-9.
Srivastava, A., Greenspan, P., Hartle, D. K., Hargrove, J. L., Amarowicz, R. & Ronald, B. (2010). Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Polyphenolics from Southeastern U.S. Range Blackberry Cultivars. J Agric Food Chem. 58(10): 6102–6109.
Surmen-Gur, E., Ozturk, E., Gur, H., Punduk, Z. & Tuncel, P. (1999). Effect of vitamin E supplementation on post-exercise plasma lipid peroxidation and blood antioxidant status in smokers: with special reference to haemoconcentration effect. Eur J Appl Physiolo and Occupational Physiology. 79: 472-478.
Thirumalai, T., Therasa, S. V., Elumalai, E. K. & David, E. (2011). Intense and exhaustiveexercise induces oxidative stress in skeletal muscle. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 1(1): 63-66.
Vassalle, S., Maffei, S., Ndreu, R. & Mercuri, A. (2009) Age-related oxidative stress modulation by smoking habit and obesity. Clin Bioch. 42: 739–741.
Viitala, P. E., Newhouse, I. J., LaVoie, N. & Gottardo, C. (2004). The effects of antioxidant vitamin supplementation on resistance exercise induced lipid peroxidation in trained and untrained participants. Lipids Health Dis. 3: 3-14.
Villa-Caballero, L., Nava-Ocampo, A.A., Frati-Munari, A. & Ponca-Monter, H. (2000). Oxidative stress, acute and regular exercise: are they really harmful in the diabetic patient? Med. Hypoth. 55: 43-46.
Vincent, H. K., Morgan, J. W. & Vincent, K. R. (2004). Obesity exacerbates oxidative stress levels after acute exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 36(5): 772- 9.
Vincent, H. K., Powers, S. K., Stewart, D. J., Shanely, R. A., Demirel, H. & Nalto, H. (1999). Obesity is associated with increased myocardial oxidative stress. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 23: 67-74.
William, E. G., kirkendal, D. T., William, L. & Phiadelphia, W. (2000). Text Book Exercise and Sport Scince. 299-317.
