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Open Access Article
1 - Determining the appropriate mixture of renewable energy sources in order to reduce uncertainty
Amir GhaediIn recent years, the use of renewable energy sources to produce electricity in the power system has grown a lot. Compared to fossil fuels, these resources do not pollute the environment and there is no concern about their depletion. The problem of renewable energy sourc MoreIn recent years, the use of renewable energy sources to produce electricity in the power system has grown a lot. Compared to fossil fuels, these resources do not pollute the environment and there is no concern about their depletion. The problem of renewable energy sources is that their production power is variable due to the changes of these sources. Accordingly, in order to reduce the uncertainty of the production capacity of renewable energy sources, it is tried to use these sources in a combined manner. In this article, a method is introduced to determine the appropriate combination of renewable energy sources in order to reduce the uncertainty of their production power. In this method, the average, standard deviation, and the histogram related to the production power of the hybrid structure are obtained, and based on this, a structure with less uncertainty is determined. The proposed method has been used to determine the appropriate structure of renewable units in Bushehr region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - explanation and design of the strategic model of export development and its relationship with the export performance of production cooperative companies in Tehran.
Seyad Mohammad Aarabi صاحب بدری سعیده بدریThe main goal of the current research is to explain and design the strategic model of export development and their impact on the export performance of production cooperative companies in Tehran. T. The first group is the Delphi Group, which was selected from experts in MoreThe main goal of the current research is to explain and design the strategic model of export development and their impact on the export performance of production cooperative companies in Tehran. T. The first group is the Delphi Group, which was selected from experts in the field of export through a purposeful sampling method, and the second group is the active production cooperative companies of Tehran province, where 24 cooperative companies were selected as an available sample. To collect data from two questionnaires, the first one is for export development; This questionnaire was made by the researcher with the help of the Delphi group, and the second questionnaire is for measuring export performance, which is taken from the literature. 170 questionnaires were randomly distributed among managers and experts of selected companies, and 150 filled questionnaires were found to be acceptable. To identify the factors affecting export development through a qualitative method and based on coding and the impact of each of the identified elements on the export performance, partial least squares method with SmartPLS software was used to confirm the model. The obtained results show that, six strategic factors, supporting organizations with an average of 3.67, competitive advantage with an average of 3.27, knowledge management with an average of 3.49, infrastructure with an average of 3.75, government policies with an average of 63. 3 and marketing strategies with an average of 3.83 have a role in the development of the export of products of production cooperative companies in Tehran province. The endogenous variable coefficient of sponsoring organizations is 0.588, competitive advantage is 0.189, knowledge management is 0.032, marketing strategies is 0.27, infrastructure is 0.451, and government policies are 0.459. All factors, except for knowledge management, have become significant at the level of 0.01 in the society Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Making the Scenarios of knowledge management component effects on supply chain with system dynamics approach
elham elmi adel azar farhad ghaffariBackground: In advanced organizations, managers' decisions and policies along the supply chain require the use of knowledge management. One of the most important decisions to be made in the supply chain is the production planning, that it’s management needs provid MoreBackground: In advanced organizations, managers' decisions and policies along the supply chain require the use of knowledge management. One of the most important decisions to be made in the supply chain is the production planning, that it’s management needs provident decisions and designing new capacities with a comprehensive and continuous approach, and it’s not achievable through a static approach. Objective: This study seeks to provide a dynamic model to investigate the impact of possible knowledge management scenarios on the components of the oil supply chain in the framework of systems thinking. Methods: Current study based on purpose ,is an applied research and based on data character is a quantitative and qualitative and based on data acquisition that is a casual-analytical research. This research is studied in a petrochemical products production company in a 20 years period .And thanks to questionnaire and expert validation ,first basic variables detected and their relations compiled in casual loops, then basic model completed by flow accumulation diagram and simulated by vensim software. Findings: The proposed scenarios evaluate the effects of knowledge management variables on production rate and reduction of wastage rate. Conclusion: This model has succeeded in increasing the production rate and reducing the waste rate in the supply chain by providing appropriate outputs and utilizing knowledge management components. Also, validation tests and sensitivity analysis performed on the model show its validity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Design of a Mathematical Model for Production and Delivery Planning in the Supply Chain Systems.
M. Aryanejad M. ModiriThe 1980s witnessed the establishment of many new production strategies, including Just-in-timemanufacturing, Lean manufacturing, Kanban systems, and Total quality management. (TQM)These strategies have been applied by many companies to improve system management, enhanc MoreThe 1980s witnessed the establishment of many new production strategies, including Just-in-timemanufacturing, Lean manufacturing, Kanban systems, and Total quality management. (TQM)These strategies have been applied by many companies to improve system management, enhance productand process quality, and reduce operating and inventory costs, in order to better compete in differentmarkets.Recently, however, the strategies have focused more on improving supply chain management to achievethese goals. Many of the advances in supply chain management can be analyzed with the aid of a computer.Computer – aided decision - support tools play a very important role in assisting and supporting decisionmakers managing a complex supply chain system.This dissertation develops a computer - aided decision - support tool: an integer linear optimization modelof a deterministic multi - item, multi - stage, multi - period, capacitated, with deterministic demandgeneralized network supply chain system. The model uses a kanban control system to plan and allocateproduction and delivery throughout the supply chain - The main objective of the model is to minimize thecost of Kanban injection, the cost of finished goods inventory, and the cost of work - in - process inventoryin the system. Practical problems of supply chain systems with associated optimal production and deliveryallocation are also presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Determining The Relationships Between Research and Development Activities and Production Efficiency (Case Study: China Industries of IRAN)
M. Taleghani M.B.G. ArianezhadExplaining and analyzing of factors related to production efficiency (PE) in direction of research and development (R&D) activities in china industries of Iran has been the main object of this research and the researcher is going to examine this problem base on a pa MoreExplaining and analyzing of factors related to production efficiency (PE) in direction of research and development (R&D) activities in china industries of Iran has been the main object of this research and the researcher is going to examine this problem base on a particular model which the research and development (R&D) activities through what kind of process and factors concluded to production efficiency (PE)? According to research’s point of view, research and development (R&D) activities is effected on applying modern knowledge and also it can be effected to quality improvement (QI) and waste reduction (WR) due to the development of production efficiency(PE) (Research model). For this purpose, the researcher analyses and reviews as per to this thesis, the situation of the units of research and development (R&D) activities china industries country and by using model testing analysied and evaluated of the rate of effectiveness the quality improvement (QI) and waste reduction (WR) properties to production efficiency (PE) assumed industries. In this manner it can be recognized the main points of production efficiency (PE) and developed the dimensions of quantitative and qualitative. This research is included in six chapters that in the first chapter, it discussed on general of research design according to precise technical which represented. In the second chapter the researcher has a summary survey on theorical principles of research literature frame and in the end of this chapter the studies and researches related to research objective has been analyzed and reviewed, too. In the third chapter has a glance at ratio theorical framework of causal models. In the fourth chapter, researcher tries to study and review the research methodology. In the most important chapter i.e the fifth chapter the researcher represents his scientific analysis about statistical statistical studies of research. And finally in the sixth chapter the researcher will bring to an end doing a series of conclution and represent some execution solution in order to production efficiency (PE) development in china industries of country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Evaluation of the Effect of Production Planning Environment on Selection a Suitable Parts and Materials Planning Way (The studying society-Iran’s paper- mills )
M.B. Ariyannezhad H. Nikumaram Sh. GilaniniaManifastation and analysis of elements which are related function in proportion rate direction between properties of production planning environment a MoreManifastation and analysis of elements which are related function in proportion rate direction between properties of production planning environment and materials planning way and part in paper – mills of this country , have been the fundamental goal of this research . Researcher want to , inform a special analytic model , to study this question that proportion tate of production planning environment and material planning way and parts through what process and factor help to optimize this function? In view of the writer of this paper , function of productive system , can not be recovery , only with recovery the four PAC dimension ( reduction of WIP ) , reduction the losses of human resources time , reduction the losses of time capability and practicable machinery equipment and promotion the quality ). While proportion between properties of production planning environment , MPS and materials and parts planning way , have been unconformming even if system activities in the four dimension which mentioned above , have recover , function of whole system ( Capable of invertion inventory and production to money ) will not increase , therefore key subject of this paper , from with this blive that the rate of proportion’s increase between production planning environment and parrs planning through effective on production activity control , whit regard to intervention management on relation between proportion and control of production activities have been effective and follow it , function of this system will have been recover . Research model This model has show a self – control model and studying the theoretical and practicable of this claim , that in spit of recovery of PAC dimention , the cause of undesired function of many industries are un proportion between production planning environment that we can determin key lever of function recovery in the form of systematic and developed it until recive maximom function . The result of analysis this datas have been confirm key background , namely research model with R2>70% and P-V <0/05 in confidence surface of 95%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Supply Network Leadership: A macro – Approach View of cooperative Buyer – Supplier – Engineer Partnerships Iran
S.M Seyed- Hosseini Koorosh GhaussemiUndoubtedly, more attention is being made in the word service and industries that can be learnt from manufacturing for improving its production out puts and their associated quality and cost. These include such lean production, JIT, TQM, and the relationship between buy MoreUndoubtedly, more attention is being made in the word service and industries that can be learnt from manufacturing for improving its production out puts and their associated quality and cost. These include such lean production, JIT, TQM, and the relationship between buyer, supplier and finally the customer satisfaction. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between three main components of production management in today’s industries namely supplier, buyer and engineer partnership in Iran Industries. An attempt also has been made to create closer collaboration in car manufacturing – and contemporary trends in production theory such as lean production, agile manufacturing and high performance production system. The model of Supply Network Leadership (SNL) has been developed in this paper for assessing the interrelationships between the supply chains with respect to the national objectives based on the national motivation of Iranian economics and industries. The SNL has a marco view on the interrelationships between the above mentioned objectives such as, imports substitution, export promotion, entrepreneurial activities, technology acquisition, quality of life improvement, etc. The leadership capabilities for any hierarchy determine the degree of size, complexity, executive penetration and power of network. The SNL acts like a cell, any resource absorption from the environment is the special task of BUYER, and all internal supporting and Human resource effectively and any associated processing is the special task of SUPPLIER and finally any duties related to growths, evolution and generation can be viewed as the special task of ENGINEER. We have argued that the SNL may hold lessons for the Iranian automobile manufacturing. The emphasis on flexibility and more customization may be especially appropriate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - A MINLP Approach to Optimizing Batch Production Scheduling for Perishables Batches
N. Hamidy M. A. Nayebi H. SaeidiBatch production is one of producing processes and cause to decrease production costs if itsprogramming is optimized. This method has many applications in chemical, mechanical parts andpolymer industries. Te literature review show a lot of researches concentrated on Bat MoreBatch production is one of producing processes and cause to decrease production costs if itsprogramming is optimized. This method has many applications in chemical, mechanical parts andpolymer industries. Te literature review show a lot of researches concentrated on Batch ProductionScheduling but shelf time have a little attentions from author. In this paper we modeled BatchProduction scheduling with heuristic method of operations sequence to separate constraint dependenceof fixed setting costs from objective function where products are perishable and have shelf time. Inthis study we applied Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) to model problem and solvedan numerical instance with using Lingo software package. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Developed Fordyce Webster Algorithm for Solving Periodic Ordering with Fuzzy Costs
N. Hamidi P. Samouei M. EghbaliOne of the most useful algorithms for inventory efficient control is the Fordyce Webster algorithm.This algorithm can solve problems with certainty parameters. In the real world, many parameters, likeinflation, can change inventory costs. This article establishes an alg MoreOne of the most useful algorithms for inventory efficient control is the Fordyce Webster algorithm.This algorithm can solve problems with certainty parameters. In the real world, many parameters, likeinflation, can change inventory costs. This article establishes an algorithm based on fuzzy inventorycosts (e.g. holding costs, ordering costs, and purchase cost). These costs are fuzzy triangular numbers.A numerical example is explained. The results show that the proposed algorithm is very flexible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Magnetized electron-positron plasma, new mode, stability conditions
Farshid Nooralishahi Mohammad Salem Mohammad Reza Tanhayi -
Open Access Article
11 - Investigation of the optimal material type and dimension for spallation targets using simulation methods
Seyed Amir Hossein Feghhi S. A. H. Feghhi Zohreh Gholamzadeh C. Tenreiro Claudio Tenreiro -
Open Access Article
12 - One-dimensional simulation of hydrogen production kinetic models by water vapor plasmolysis in a DBD plate reactor
Mostafa El-Shafie Shinji Kambara Yukio Hayakawa -
Open Access Article
13 - Strategy design of process model for agility of new product development cycle with world-class production policy in Iran Khodro Company (qualitative approach)
pegah tarmast Aboutorab Alirezaei Gholamreza Hashemzadeh Ashraf ShahmansouriThe purpose of this study was to design and explain the agility new product development cycle model in IKCO.This study, in terms of purpose, functional, in terms of approach, exploration, and in terms of data analysis, is mixed method. During this phase, the snowball sa MoreThe purpose of this study was to design and explain the agility new product development cycle model in IKCO.This study, in terms of purpose, functional, in terms of approach, exploration, and in terms of data analysis, is mixed method. During this phase, the snowball sampling method was used and the process continued until the theoretical saturation of the researcher was reached and a total of 11 interviews were conducted. In the quantitative phase, all senior, middle and senior executives of IKCO Industrial Group were considered as the statistical population and 210 of them were selected by simple random sampling. In the qualitative phase of the research, because of the fundamental data theory approach, the main tool for data collection was in-depth, unstructured interviews with experts. In the quantitative phase of the research, SPSS and Lisrel softwares were used to perform descriptive and inferential analyzes. Finally, the research results led to the design of a agility new product development cycle model in IKCO (based on the paradigm model structure), and in a large community, hypothetical model relationships were tested and validated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Affecting Factors on the Policy Innovation Capability of Active Public and Private Companies in the Food Industries with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) Approach
Khadijeh Bahrami Houshang taghizadeh Mortaza Honarmand AzimiBackground: Innovation capability refers to a complete set of characteristics of the organization that facilitates innovation strategies, and Food industries are one of the most important branches of national economy in every country. Objective: this research, with purp MoreBackground: Innovation capability refers to a complete set of characteristics of the organization that facilitates innovation strategies, and Food industries are one of the most important branches of national economy in every country. Objective: this research, with purpose of determinating the affecting factors on the policy innovation capability of public and private companies in the field of food industry of Urmia is to identify and categorize the components by analytical approach. This research is an applied research. Methods: The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection and field in terms of method. The statistical population of the research is 221 and Sample size with Cochran formula was 143 government and Private companies.The research instrument was a questionnaire whose its content validity and its reliability was coefficient. Findings: The results of the sample fit test were based on the Bartlet index and the adequacy of the sample was 0.891, and the coefficient of aggregate extraction for all dimensions was more than 0.5 and the percentage of variance explained by the effective factors was 60.340%. Conclusion: The factors influencing innovation capability accordingly is categorized into three components: production, process and administrative innovation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Study of the Suggested Model of Producing Commercial Advertisements in Radio
Seyyed Amir Yusef Fakhar Hassan Khojasteh Bagherzadeh Ali Akbar RazmjooMass communication have the power to create false desires in audiences. Radio is one of them and its audio attribute makes it different from other mass communication media. One of the most common massages through these media is commercial advertisements, so much so they MoreMass communication have the power to create false desires in audiences. Radio is one of them and its audio attribute makes it different from other mass communication media. One of the most common massages through these media is commercial advertisements, so much so they arose a lot of reactions in defense or criticism of them. The importance of this media and this massage and also the lack of a guideline for how these two should interact, show the need of a model for producing radio commercial advertisements. The purpose of this study was the same and because of that, it used Grounded Theory as the research method. Statistical Population were the Elites in the subject of the study and they participated via Snowball Sampling and Semi-structured interview. Data Analysis been done based on the three steps of Strauss and Corbin Approach which includes the Phenomenon, the Causal Conditions, the Strategies, the Intervening Conditions, the Context Conditions and the Results. The results of the study showed the producing commercial advertisements in radio as the Phenomenon and the Causal Conditions with 6 axies, the Strategies with 5, the Intervening Conditions with 3 axies, and the Context Conditions with 3 axies and the Results with 5 axies. This result showed that in producing commercial advertisements in radio using famous narrator, creating image in people’s mind, branding radio stations and considering time of broadcting and type of station have Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - A Pattern of Online Social Network Content Production Based On the Ethology of Users
taqva kulivand Mozhdeh Rabbani Najmeh SedrpoushanAccording to achievements, people personality traits and behavior effect to their noticing to social networks. So one of the reasons that networks have different effects to different people, is people differences of personality and behavior. Therefore, if content can be MoreAccording to achievements, people personality traits and behavior effect to their noticing to social networks. So one of the reasons that networks have different effects to different people, is people differences of personality and behavior. Therefore, if content can be produced based on the attribute of personality, could be hopeful to be more affective and provide the base to flourish. Goal: Offering a pattern of online social network producing data based on the ethology of users. Material and method: In this research with mixed method, the level of using networks is gained by questionnaires and conceptual model is figured by interviewing experts in psychology. Research achievement: The most important achievements of this research are: Whats app, telegram and Instagram by 34, 26 and 22 percent are the most attractive networks to use. Social, educational and cultural subjects by 23, 19 and 15 percent are the most popular subjects. Video by 39 percent is the most attractive content. In this research, the ideal pattern of producing content is showing as a paradigmatic model. In this model the relation between some items creates pivotal phenomenon and some strategies are offered, which can create ideal conclusions. By noticing to people personality traits, can produce applicative content in social networks and effect users MOR Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Market-in Sima Strategy to Improve the Quality and Control Production Costs
Hassan Khojasteh BagherzadehIRIB can be one of the largest media organizations know that a large number of network radio and television, domestic and international vast majority of different stages of production and distribution, including the activities of the hardware or software directly respon MoreIRIB can be one of the largest media organizations know that a large number of network radio and television, domestic and international vast majority of different stages of production and distribution, including the activities of the hardware or software directly responsible is significant. This paper seeks to answer the question of whether the market and its functions for IRIB that are not among media organizations oriented in common parlance it is not their fees directly from the audience receives useful and efficient? Is it possible there and make it happen? Asked by library studies and studies and experiences achieved suggested shows that the conditions and opportunities for exceptional new with a little boost television network IRIB Physics More is made to the capacity of the periphery of the capacity of substance market, and the "market-" in the collection and provincial television networks, benefit from this situation properly.This article examines the development of trade to prompt five important step market-with what the prompt value chain, the status of market-model Five Forces Porter and functions of the market-state media presentation, and then to market requirements and to drive the market in the organization Broadcasting and assign important tasks to create a sustainable market-referenced and in the end stage for theatrical productions, as well as market-the market-operation of studio and technical facilities of the organization expressed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Ecotourism Development Model to Economic Growth and Job Creation (Case Study: from Emamzadeh Hashem to Rudbar)
Behboud Mahjoubi Mohamad Edalatkhah Yadollah Ahmadi Disfani -
Open Access Article
19 - Towards Defining a General Process for Examining the Production of Urban Space
Nayyer Farabiasl Mojtaba Rafieian Mohammadreza Khatibi -
Open Access Article
20 - Developing the Conceptual and Methodological Framework for Discursive-institutional Analysis of Coastal Exclusive Space Production: with Special Reference to Critical Realism Perspective
Reza Kheyroddin Maede Hedayatifard -
Open Access Article
21 - Two Paradigms of Endogenous Development: Production Process & Supply-demand Relationship
Seyed Gholamreza Islami Seyed Yahya Islami -
Open Access Article
22 - Capability Analyzing of Solar Energy Based on Climatic Criteria Recognition in Iran’s Architectural Design by the Use of Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process Method (FAHP)
Mojtaba Noorollahi Seyed Majid Mofidi Shemirani Shahin Heidari Seyed Mohammad Sadeghzadeh -
Open Access Article
23 - Food-grade nanoemulsions and their fabrication methods to increase shelf life
Mina Nasiri Anousheh Sharifan Hamed Ahari Amir Ali Anvar Shapour Kakoolaki -
Open Access Article
24 - Determining returns to scales the left and right in a two-stage green supply chain using network data envelopment analysis
Rohollah Sharafeddin Amir Gholam Abri Mohammad FallahIn the present age, evaluating and then improving the performance of production systems and supply chains as a whole is the only possible way to compete in the global business market. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric method for measuring the relative MoreIn the present age, evaluating and then improving the performance of production systems and supply chains as a whole is the only possible way to compete in the global business market. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric method for measuring the relative efficiency of production systems and decision-making units with multiple homogeneous inputs and outputs as a mathematical programming method. Determining the type of return to scale (RTS) helps managers make more accurate predictions about the expansion or limitation of the decision-making unit (DMU). Due to the importance of RTS in relation to management decisions, various methods have been proposed by DEA researchers to introduce and determine its type. Research in RTS evaluation has led to a more general classification of RTS types, with the titles Left return to scale (L-RTS) and Right return to scale (R-RTS). This research studies the two-stage production process and introduces an approach to estimating the type of efficiency on the right and left scales of DMUs. In this paper, the application of the DEA network model to calculate the relative efficiency and return to scale of cement companies listed on the stock exchange has been studied. The data used in the model is related to the production process of 42 cement companies in 2020. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Design the bi-objective pharmaceutical supply chain network under uncertainty and considering the production, delivery, and drug perishable times
meisam Jafari-Eskandari Mehrdad Mokhtari Mohammad Abbasi fardIn this paper, a bi-objective pharmaceutical supply chain network under uncertainty demand and transportation costs is modeled and developed. To control the uncertainty parameters, the robust optimization method is considering. The main objective of this paper determine MoreIn this paper, a bi-objective pharmaceutical supply chain network under uncertainty demand and transportation costs is modeled and developed. To control the uncertainty parameters, the robust optimization method is considering. The main objective of this paper determines the number and location of potential facilities such as drug manufacture centers and drug distribution centers by considering the minimizing the total costs and minimizing the maximum unsatisfied demand for distribution of drugs to demand zones. In this paper, production time, delivery, and drug perishable time is also considered in modeling. To solve the model, an example is designed and the multi-decision TH method is used. The results obtained the model shows this method is effective in finding the Pareto front at the right time. The results obtained the model shows this method is effective in finding the Pareto front at the right time.The results obtained the model shows this method is effective in finding the Pareto front at the right time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - An enhanced Russell model to measure aggregate efficiency of multi-period production systems
Mohammad Najari Alamouti Mohsen Khounsiavash Reza Kazimi Matin Zohreh MoghaddasPerformance evaluation of the production systems by considering data related to different time periods is one of the most important issues of production theory. In this paper, a new method for measuring the aggregative efficiency of multi-period production systems using MorePerformance evaluation of the production systems by considering data related to different time periods is one of the most important issues of production theory. In this paper, a new method for measuring the aggregative efficiency of multi-period production systems using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique is proposed. The provided approach could be considered as extension of the radial methods in the literature. An extended Russell based model is presented for the first time to measure aggregative efficiency with respect to the time intervals of the production stages. One of the useful features of the proposed model is that the inefficiency of the existing aggregative approach is detected in one step without need to account for the second stage of optimizing slack variables. Some properties and advantages of the new model is discussed. Finally, to illustrate the applicability of the new approach, two practical examples are investigated and analyzed. The results show the good performance of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Mathematical modeling and problem solving Integrated production planning and preventive maintenance with limited human resources
، mohammd sharifzadegan Adel Pourghader ChobarThe need for integration has long been the focus of researchers and industry managers. Therefore, some researchers sought to coordinate and integrate production, maintenance and repair. The issues of integrating production planning, maintenance and repair and quality co MoreThe need for integration has long been the focus of researchers and industry managers. Therefore, some researchers sought to coordinate and integrate production, maintenance and repair. The issues of integrating production planning, maintenance and repair and quality control with other parts of production and industrial systems reduce costs and increase the profitability of production organizations. Accordingly, in this research, integration and continuity in simultaneous planning of production areas and support in production organizations have been discussed. These areas include the schedule of production, maintenance and preventive maintenance, and human resources. Therefore, the mathematical optimization model is presented with the aim of manpower planning and increasing the volume of the company's production by considering the limitations of human resources. In this model, personnel skills, equipment usage rate and equipment failure rate in case of uncertainty with fuzzy method are used in the model parameters. The purpose of the proposed model is to minimize the labor force deficit over production efficiency. The results obtained from the implementation in a production organization by comparing the indefinite and meta-innovative solution show the improvement in the company's production with the least reasonable time, provide answers with the least possible error. Sensitivity analysis shows that the rate of equipment failure in the intervals before and after the preventive maintenance process has a great impact on the value of the objective function of the mathematical model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - A DEA approach for investigating the effect of computerized maintenance management system on staff productivity: A case Study
M. Soltani A. Hadi-VenchehAccording to the growing trend of IT-based systems, implementation of computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) in Iran’s power industry can dramatically help in optimized management of maintenance activities, and thereby, reducing equipment failures, incr MoreAccording to the growing trend of IT-based systems, implementation of computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) in Iran’s power industry can dramatically help in optimized management of maintenance activities, and thereby, reducing equipment failures, increasing reliability, increasing product stability and, above all, increasing efficiency and productivity of the employees of this industry. The aim of this article was to examine the impact of computerizing the maintenance and repair process on efficiency of the staff of Isfahan south power plant, measure the efficiency of staff, identification of efficient and inefficient staff, rating of efficient staff, and finally, to investigate and compare the effect of factors influencing their efficiency to increase the organization productivity with job satisfaction approach. To do this, after identifying factors contributing to job satisfaction of employees through questionnaires distributed among 40 employees associated with CMMS, a DEA including four job satisfaction inputs and outputs was defined. With solving the model by CCR method, the efficient and inefficient employees were determined. The results of sensitivity analysis on model inputs determined the effect of each input on the output in accordance with the following ranking:1. Workplace safety and ergonomics2. Computerizing maintenance management system (CMMS)3. Training4. Job natureThe results indicated that the CMMS has the second ranking among other influential factors. Finally, the efficient personnel were ranked by Anderson Peterson method Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - finding the defining hyperplanes of production possibility set with variable returns to scale using the linear independent vectors
N. Rafati-‎Maleki M. Rostamy-MalkhalifehThe Production Possibility Set (PPS) is defined as the set of all inputs and outputs of a system in which inputs can produce outputs‎. ‎In Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)‎, ‎it is highly important to identify the defining hyperplanes and especially the s MoreThe Production Possibility Set (PPS) is defined as the set of all inputs and outputs of a system in which inputs can produce outputs‎. ‎In Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)‎, ‎it is highly important to identify the defining hyperplanes and especially the strong defining hyperplanes of the empirical PPS‎. ‎Although DEA models can determine the efficiency of a Decision Making Unit (DMU)‎, ‎but they cannot present efficient frontiers of PPS completely‎. ‎The notion of defining hyperplanes is crucial to marginal discussions‎, ‎marginal rates‎, ‎marginal rates of substitution‎, ‎sensitivity analysis‎, ‎returns to scale‎, ‎and in particular‎, ‎the efficiency analysis of DMUs‎. ‎In this paper‎, ‎we propose a new method to determine all strong efficient(Pareto-efficient) DMUs and strong defining hyperplanes of the PPS with variable returns to scale which strong efficient DMUs are located on them‎. ‎Furthermore‎, ‎we apply the proposed method to find the normal vectors or gradient of the strong defining hyperplanes of the PPS including strong efficient DMUs‎. ‎Consequently‎, ‎the equations of these hyperplanes are determined‎. ‎To illustrate the ability of the proposed method‎, ‎some numerical examples are finally provided‎. ‎Our method can be easily implemented using existing packages for operation research‎, ‎such as GAMS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Setup times optimization with considering maintenance scheduling by using nonlinear modeling
A. Zaretalab M.R. Shahryari S. NaderiThe present paper, titled “optimizing the time of preparation, taking into account the timing of repair and maintenance using non-linear modeling”, has been implemented with the aim of designing and presenting a mathematical model to get the best sequence of MoreThe present paper, titled “optimizing the time of preparation, taking into account the timing of repair and maintenance using non-linear modeling”, has been implemented with the aim of designing and presenting a mathematical model to get the best sequence of operations leading to minimum the total time of production. The main research question is related to the reduction of time and production costs following the implementation of the presented model. The method of research’s data and information collection, have been survey and study and library resources, referring to the documentations of repair, maintenance and production segments in the company and expert managers in the areas of planning, engineering production and … Following, the model taking into account the constraints of cost and time, as well as the limitations of the production system is presented. LINGO software is used to solve the models and model outputs, will provide the local solutions that would show the best sequence. And finally it can be extended the model to other industrial units with only smart alternations and present the best operational sequence related to multifunctional machines. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Optimizing Product Combination in Continuous Production Companies
S. Savadkouhi F. Hosseinzadeh Lotfi M.r. Shahriyari M. Vaez-GhasemiThe optimum use of the upstream resources, production corresponding to the market demands, and structural constraints for the optimum production with the less wastes during the most rapid time required by the market which finally result in the more profit for the shareh MoreThe optimum use of the upstream resources, production corresponding to the market demands, and structural constraints for the optimum production with the less wastes during the most rapid time required by the market which finally result in the more profit for the shareholders are considered as the major objectives of this research. In this research, for the purpose of increasing the efficiency and optimum production, a model with a sequence proportional to the constraints of the problem is proposed by use of zero–one, integer programming based on the operational research science. The gained mathematical model is studied and verified with the actual data of Jam Polypropylene Co. and executed during monthly periods with one year planning horizon that the expected results of this research will realize during the term of study and assessment will result in increase of net profit, decrease in product storage, the faster responding the market demand corresponding to the profit of the company by taking the structural constraints of the factory and production into account. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Robust efficiency in data envelopment analysis with VRS technology
Saeid Shahghobadi Farhad MoradiOne of the fundamental problems in the classic DEA is lack of ability to distinguish unit's performance scores that is considered as a disadvantage. Recently, Parkan et al. [9] tried to address this problem. They proposed to assess each unit both optimistic and pessimi MoreOne of the fundamental problems in the classic DEA is lack of ability to distinguish unit's performance scores that is considered as a disadvantage. Recently, Parkan et al. [9] tried to address this problem. They proposed to assess each unit both optimistic and pessimistic views are taken into account. In contrast to traditional evaluation, one index is considered for each unit based on the lowest measured performance that is called robust efficiency. In this way, a new technology was made on the assumption of constant returns to scale. In this paper, the production technology with variable returns to scale assumptions made and the corresponding models are formulated as linear programming. Finally, it is shown that, the models based on the robust efficiency has more discriminatory power of the classic DEA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Legal analysis of sustainable employment of prisoners in the economy and the prosperity of national production
fattahe teimouri mahmood ashrafy masoud Heidari,Familiarity with the requirements of national production boom is one of the strong recommendations of recent years in Iran and a significant strategy to improve the economic situation of society. Manpower is one of the most effective employment tools in order to boost p MoreFamiliarity with the requirements of national production boom is one of the strong recommendations of recent years in Iran and a significant strategy to improve the economic situation of society. Manpower is one of the most effective employment tools in order to boost production.This study seeks to investigate the benefits of investing in prisoners' jobs as a manpower under the control of the government. Using descriptive-analytical method and reviewing documents, books, articles and Internet resources, seeks to provide solutions to boost national production of prisoners' jobs. Improving the economic situation of the society requires proper investment and productivity of human resources. Career guidance of prisoners in order to continue their employment, in addition to preventing recidivism, is a good way to help create jobs and value the prosperity of national production in terms of quality and quantity. The study of the economic aspects of the issue requires the entry and efforts of those involved in the employment of prisoners and the support of the government with a new approach to allocating sustainable jobs to detainees.He considers the establishment of job opportunity management centers and the recruitment of entrepreneurs in this field as a considerable strategy for the prosperity of national production Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Survey Economies of Scale Efficiency Changes in government and Private Banks by Using Stochastic Frontier Production Function
Farid Sefati Taghi Torabi Kambiz hozhabr KianiToday One of the cases where in efficiency businesses including banks can be analyzed, discussed their size and scale of production, so as to check the size and scale 20 state and private banks were selected .The study period is 85-92 years. And data used are unbalanced MoreToday One of the cases where in efficiency businesses including banks can be analyzed, discussed their size and scale of production, so as to check the size and scale 20 state and private banks were selected .The study period is 85-92 years. And data used are unbalanced panel .Then translog stochastic frontier production function was estimated.and scale efficiency changes was calculated .The key point extraction tools combined index for electronic components and using it as an input in the production function is a composite index. The results show that big government (Melli,Sepah,Keshvarzi,Maskan) to a large extent the technologically optimal production scale(most productive scale) away.Because of their scale efficiency changes,large and negative.On the other hand the big private banks (pasargad,parsian,eghtesadenovi)have been quite in technologically optimal production scale,In fact, their scale efficiency change is the lowest amount. Small government banks (postbank,Toseeh Taavon,sanat va maadan) similar large goverment banks are far from most productive scale ,with the exception of the bank Toseah saderat of a good situation.small private banks (Sina,Sarmayeh,Saman,Day) as well as major private banks are the most productive technical scale Excluding Bank Day, which is partly attributed to most productive scale away Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Evaluating the environmental and economic impacts of Carbon Tax Using Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGE)
جمشید پژویان حسن معین نعمتیThis paper deals with environmental, welfare and employment effects of Carbon Tax. Carbon tax as a policy instrument, internalizes the external cost of air pollution in price of fuel. The very objective of carbon tax is not only to reduce fuel consumption and hence redu MoreThis paper deals with environmental, welfare and employment effects of Carbon Tax. Carbon tax as a policy instrument, internalizes the external cost of air pollution in price of fuel. The very objective of carbon tax is not only to reduce fuel consumption and hence reduce harmful emissions made by economic agents, but also to lessen the tax burden on wage earners and reduce labor cost which in turn provides incentives for job creation. This study uses Computable General Equilibrium Model which is revenue neutral, i.e. total tax income is taken constant in the model. The model is a non- linear equation system. GAMS as a Software along with input – output table pertaining to Iranian economy is used to solve the mode. The model was calibrated to base year 1378[1]. The findings in this study indicate that the use Carbon Tax as a policy instrument to alleviate the Burdon of tax on labor income, would improve qualitavely the environmental standards and reduce the environmental concerns besides to positive impact on employment and welfare gains. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The effects of information and communication technology (ICT) on the employment in industrial factories of Khorasan Province
کامبیز هژبرکیانی محمد حیدریIn this paper, the effects of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on employment in different specialized category ranging from total labour force, plain work force, skilled work force, engineer work force, technician work force have been investigated. MoreIn this paper, the effects of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on employment in different specialized category ranging from total labour force, plain work force, skilled work force, engineer work force, technician work force have been investigated. Independent variables include the index presentating information the index of obtaining information, the number of Internet and computer users, value added, the price of capital, wage and dependent variable is employed labour force . The study period 1385-1389 used for estimation and analysis of the results of the data panel data method. The results of the study are as follows: all technology indicators have positive effect and meaningful on employment: upon of total work force, that is, the effect produced as a result of the predominance of expressing productive effect to process effect. In the case of work force and skilled work force and a simple negative effect between technology and employment indicators confirm the expressing inability to use different specialized category of technological indicators. The index showed a significant positive effect on information and communication technology employment of technicians and engineers in the labor force in the province, and the positive effect of these hypothesis indicators on employment has been approved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Estimated production function and productivity of the olive production in zanjan (tarom city case study)
Yadollah rajaei Shaghayegh KetabianProductivity has been an issue since the beginning of human history and all the economic and political systems to improve lives and build a more prosperous community has also been problamtic. Therefore, today productivity is the most effective way to achieve economic gr MoreProductivity has been an issue since the beginning of human history and all the economic and political systems to improve lives and build a more prosperous community has also been problamtic. Therefore, today productivity is the most effective way to achieve economic growth, given the scarcity of resources. Therefore, in the field of economic research and analysis to determine the optimal allocation of factors of production and productivity in the different, sectors of agriculture seems necessary. Since local conditions and geography of each region is different so the most important regional research is for increased production and removal of area farmersۥۥ problems. This Study is aimed to assess the TPF Olive crop Tarom city, on 181 samples taken. Statistics and information Needed, the Cross-sectional data from the 2011 crop year by a two-tage cluster sampling method by completing the questionnaire and interview with Tarom farmers were collected. After the required information, by ordinary least squares method to estimate the production function olives was with two Cobb-Douglas and transcendental functions. According to Model selection criteria, the Cobb- Douglas was selected, followed by using the production function selected, Partial productivity measured and examined. The results of this study showed that, average productivity of Bearer, fertilized trees input, work force, water, machinery, Poison positive. Also, marginal productivity of Machinery are negative, Poison and Bearer, work force and water are positive. JEL Classification: C14, C31, D24 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Estimated the potential added value in major economic sectors of Iran with Kalman filter
کامبیز هژبر کیانی محمد نقیبیThe role and the knowledge of measures of Potential Output in policy analysis are of significant importance in Macroeconomics. The aim of this paper is to use the production function approach in order to measure Potential Output through state-space Model, Kalman filter MoreThe role and the knowledge of measures of Potential Output in policy analysis are of significant importance in Macroeconomics. The aim of this paper is to use the production function approach in order to measure Potential Output through state-space Model, Kalman filter method. To achieve this goal, we have estimated the value added output of mining, construction, oil and gas, agriculture, water and electricity, and service industries during 1339 – 1389in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Evaluating The Effectiveness of Industrial Policies With The Approach of Production Boom In Line With Economic Development
hasan reza shahsavari hojjat taheri goodarzi mohammad javad kameli -
Open Access Article
40 - Measuring and Forecasting of Total Factor Productivity in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies in Iran: an Approach Based Production Method
elham Gholami Farzaneh AlipourIntroduction: Nowadays, improving productivity as the most effective way to achieve growth is raised. Key to improving productivity lies in the measurement and analysis of productivity. Also, Analysis and productivity measurement is practical when productivity changes o MoreIntroduction: Nowadays, improving productivity as the most effective way to achieve growth is raised. Key to improving productivity lies in the measurement and analysis of productivity. Also, Analysis and productivity measurement is practical when productivity changes over time with the productivity indices is showed. Methodology: This study is a correlation- regression analysis. At first, production Elasticity coefficients of capital and labor was calculated through estimating a Cobb-Douglas production function using data of 10 pharmaceutical production companies active in the Tehran Stock Exchange during years 1389 to 1393 and panel data with fixed effects . Then, TFP index for these companies is estimated by taking into account the estimated coefficients in the Kendrick index. The index for the years 1394 to 1398 by applying the scenario of continuity of labor, capital and added value for any company is predicted. Results: TFP during the years 1389 to 1393 show that the two companies Alborz Darou and Luqman is located in the better status and Tehran Chemical Company is located in the lowest position. Forecasting for TFP during the next five years also shows the two Luqman and Alborz Darou and Rayhan are in good condition, but Tehran Chemical Company continues to be exposed to unsuitable conditions. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Tehran Chemical Company to improve its total factor productivity should seriously pursue productivity cycle management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Identification, Evaluation and Ranking of Manufacturing Risks in the Pharmaceutical Industry using the FMEA Method (Case study: Sobhan Darou Company)
Mojtaba Moradi MohammadAli MirzazadehIntroduction: The important role of risk and its challenges in organizations is one of the reasons for the importance of examining the risks of production. Considering the classification of the pharmaceutical industry as one of the most important industries, the investm MoreIntroduction: The important role of risk and its challenges in organizations is one of the reasons for the importance of examining the risks of production. Considering the classification of the pharmaceutical industry as one of the most important industries, the investment risks in this industry have been analyzed using the Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) method. This method is one of the risk management techniques to identify, analyze, and ranking risk factors in order to increase the efficiency of the industry. Methods: This descriptive study suggests FMEA as a quantitative method for identifying production risks and, by computing risk priority numbers (RPNs), represents the probability of their risks and effects in the pharmaceutical industry. Results: In this research, after identifying the risks of drug production through literature review and interviewing experts, a questionnaire was designed that out of 66 identified risks, 19 risks were identified and ranked by experts as important risks. Conclusion: Good manufacturing practices (GMP), exchange rate fluctuation, no marketing strategy and lack of proper estimation of market trends, inventories of raw materials and inventory of supplies was identified as the most important risks of drug production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - An integrated inventory model with agile production rate, defective items, inflation, and green technology investments for deteriorating products
Nita Shah Pratik Shah Milan Patel -
Open Access Article
43 - Total Factor Productivity of Manufacturing Sector in India: A Regional Analysis for the State of Haryana
Shallu Sehgal Suparn Sharma -
Open Access Article
44 - The Strategic Positioning of Saderat Bank Brand from the Viewpoint of Legal Customers – Manufacturing Units of Southern Khorasan Province
L. Mahmoodi S. A. R. Davoodi T. Sadeghi A. Kafashpor F. YosefzadehThis study aims to study the position of Saderat Bank Brand, Sepah, Mellat, Melli, Parsian, Eghtesad Novin, and Tejarat banks in attracting legal customers – manufacturing units. The study used a mixed/combined methodology. The positioning process and the perceptu MoreThis study aims to study the position of Saderat Bank Brand, Sepah, Mellat, Melli, Parsian, Eghtesad Novin, and Tejarat banks in attracting legal customers – manufacturing units. The study used a mixed/combined methodology. The positioning process and the perceptual map technique were applied. The population included senior managers and financial executives of manufacturing units in Sothern Khorasan Province, for which the data was gathered through surveying their opinions due to their limited number (fewer than 40). The focus group technique and the questionnaires were used at two times to collect the data. Analyses were done by analytic hierarchy process technique and non-parametrical statistics, clomograph and Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests. The results indicate that Saderat Bank and Mellat Bank have the best position in terms of processes for the provision of manufacturing units with finance, the ease of processes for providing letter of guarantee and LC, and the provision of letter of guarantee and LC. Besides, Saderat Bank enjoyed the second rank – after Mellat Bank – on the minds of customers in this section of the market with regard to the negotiation and consultation services, and interaction between bank's managers and the senior managers of manufacturing units. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Surveying the Effect of Automated Service Quality on Customer's Commitment in Banking Industry
H. Vazifehdoost R. OmidzadePurpose: Nowadays competition for improving service quality is well known as a key strategic issue for organizations that operate in service sector. To reach this, banks have tried to use the backgrounds that information technology provides for them in order to pursue t MorePurpose: Nowadays competition for improving service quality is well known as a key strategic issue for organizations that operate in service sector. To reach this, banks have tried to use the backgrounds that information technology provides for them in order to pursue the modern methods and improve the quality of their services. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the outcomes of automatic service quality in electronic banking. Methodology: The present research is descriptive research in terms of method and nature; and in terms of performance it is surveying and in terms of aims it is applicable and uses structural equation modeling and LISREL software for investigating the relationships between the parts of model. Population in this research consists of bank customers in Azna town during the year 1391. To reach the aims of the research 450 questionnaires were distributed among the bank customers of Azna and among them 384 questionnaires were analyzed. Findings: Result of the research show that dimension of service quality has an impact on trust, commitment and customer delight. Also existence of impact of the customer delight on trust was accepted, but existence of impact of the customer delight on commitment was not accepted. Research Limitations: not to be available of accurate statistics of the customers using automated service was among the restricting factors in this research. Managerial Implications: Finally it is suggested that bank managers by adopting programs to know the strengths of their competitors in area of encourage and excite the customers to use of their automated service and also, to know the weakness of themselves in this area, providing the best services to their customers so that customers will understand the quality in the way of offering services and the pleasure sense be improved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - A comparative study on modern methods of production in competitive conditions (a case study of agile production and lean production)
Mehdi Maranjory Razieh AlikhaniNowadays customers will and needs and priorities of production are expeditiously changing in line with these changes, strategies of economic entity are also changing. Such changes make economic entity encounter to new challenges. So it has them find diverse ways to meet MoreNowadays customers will and needs and priorities of production are expeditiously changing in line with these changes, strategies of economic entity are also changing. Such changes make economic entity encounter to new challenges. So it has them find diverse ways to meet the need of their customers. The agile production and lean production are the most important strategies. The lean production is a method in which continuous improvement of production processes and decrease of wastages and costs and increase of quality are considered. While the agile production is an evaluated method derived of lean production and focusing on flexibility of production and the rapid responsibility to meet the customers need. In the present research, theoretical explanation and comparative study of these 2 systems are considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - The model of managerial factors affecting the financing chain decisions of the production cooperatives system in Iran
Hossein Eslami Mofid Abadi younes vakilolroayaThe purpose of this study was to design and explain the model of factors effecting the financing chain decisions of the production cooperatives system in Iran. The research method was applied from the perspective of purpose and is of combined and exploratory type. The s MoreThe purpose of this study was to design and explain the model of factors effecting the financing chain decisions of the production cooperatives system in Iran. The research method was applied from the perspective of purpose and is of combined and exploratory type. The statistical population of the research also includes the financing chain of the production cooperatives system in Iran and all the data and information required for the research have been prepared in two parts: quantitative and qualitative. In the qualitative section, with the approach of data theory and numerical notation, the factors affecting the financing chain decisions of the production cooperatives system in Iran have been identified. In the quantitative section, with a review of theoretical foundations and field research, a questionnaire was prepared and distributed to 384 people. Then the research hypotheses were tested using the structural equation modeling approach. The results indicate that the effect of internal and external pivotal categories, intervening, contextual, causal and strategic factors on key outcomes, ie the choice of financing approaches in the financing chain of the Iranian production cooperatives system was significant. In other words, that significantly effect of each of the determined and estimated factors in the research model was equal to; 0.69, 0.51, 0.53, 0.57, 0.68, 0.68 and 0.66%. Therefore, it can be said that the dimensions and components specified in the research model provide the possibility of planning and proper implementation of plans and actions of policy makers in the system of production cooperatives in Iran. As a result, this process, for its part, provides both the possibility of solving the problems of financing production cooperatives and the possibility of increasing the participation of more investors in the cooperative sector in the economic development of the cooperative sector in the Iranian economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - The Relationship between Real Earnings Management Activities and Future Performance of the Listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
علی سعیدی نرگس حمیدیان حامد ربیعیThere is considerable research on accrual-based earnings management in accountingliterature but, real activities-based earnings management and its effects are lessinvestigated. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relation of real earningsmanagement activi MoreThere is considerable research on accrual-based earnings management in accountingliterature but, real activities-based earnings management and its effects are lessinvestigated. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relation of real earningsmanagement activities and future performance of listed companies in Tehran StockExchange.This research utilizes panel data method and a sample of 123 firms during the period2000-2010. Following Cohen & Zarowin (2010), we use the abnormal cash flows fromoperations, abnormal cost of production and abnormal discretionary expenditures asproxies of real earnings management activities. The future cash flows from operationsand future earnings from operations are considered as proxies of future performance.The results indicate that there is a negative and significant relationship betweenabnormal cash flows from operations, abnormal cost of production, and abnormaldiscretionary expenditures as the proxies of real earnings management and futureperformance Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Management accounting is an efficient tool to serviced Resistance economy
Zahra Dianati DeilamiGiven the importance of implementing Resistance economy in domestic of our country and Responsibility of all people (especially academics), this article Tries to enumerate managerial accounting tools which can aid entity’s management to of implementing Resistance MoreGiven the importance of implementing Resistance economy in domestic of our country and Responsibility of all people (especially academics), this article Tries to enumerate managerial accounting tools which can aid entity’s management to of implementing Resistance economy’s Pillars. Also in this paper explain the relationship between the teachings of Islam and the need for proper use of modern management accounting, and create national culture for it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - lean implementation process
Asgar Pakmaram Ebrahim RostamnejadLean production and enterprise resource planning systems are often quoted as being the two most important strategies for achieving competitive advantage in today’s globalmanufacturing environments. Though IT has traditionally been viewed as a contributor to waste MoreLean production and enterprise resource planning systems are often quoted as being the two most important strategies for achieving competitive advantage in today’s globalmanufacturing environments. Though IT has traditionally been viewed as a contributor to waste within lean production, we suggest that modern developments in IT and the onset of hybrid ‘‘push-pull’’ production control mechanisms have allowed ERP and lean approaches to converge towards a state where ERP systems can in fact be used to support the deployment of lean practices. This paper analyses typical lean and ERP implementation processes contained within the scientific literature, and by further examining a concurrent implementation process in real-time, we develop and propose a process for ERP-based leanimplementations. Our findings suggest that the implementation of a contemporary ERP system can act as a catalyst for the application of lean production practices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Analysis of production cost efficiency model in Iran Khodro Company
Mehrdad Ghanbari Mehrdad ghanbari Babak Jashidi NavidAbstract Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the interpretive structural model of production cost efficiency in Iran Khodro Company. Method: The method is qualitative-quantitative. In the qualitative section, by interviewing experts, 17 variables are ext MoreAbstract Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the interpretive structural model of production cost efficiency in Iran Khodro Company. Method: The method is qualitative-quantitative. In the qualitative section, by interviewing experts, 17 variables are extracted and a structural interpretive model of efficiency of production costs is designed, and then by determining the levels of the research model using the one-sample mean T method and Friedman test. The analysis and ranking of research hypotheses are discussed. Findings: The research findings are a 5-level model that according to 4 hypotheses obtained from the levels of the research model, it was determined that each level has an effect on the previous level and the effect of cost reduction in production lines on financial performance more than others. Conclusion: According to the output of this research model, based on the determined levels, it was determined that in the obtained model, technology changes (level 5) are the most effective and profitability, gross production income and basic production cost efficiency index (level 1) are the most influential variables on production cost efficiency. They show that in order to increase the efficiency of production costs in Iran Khodro Company, we must seek to improve and change the technology to increase the efficiency of production costs, gross production revenue and profitability of the company. Also, according to the analysis and ranking of hypotheses, first of all, cost reduction in production lines should be considered, which affects financial performance. The obtained model will make more accurate knowledge of the variables affecting cost efficiency in the automotive industry that managers of this industry should consider the current model and its variables for cost efficiency and greater profitability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Structural characteristics and economic value of pistachio species (Pistacia atlantica) in Gilan-e Gharb forests
Mohsen Javamiripour Rohollah Parvane Aliakbar DarabiThe ecosystem value, wild pistachio species importance and the product of raw turpentine in terms of creating employment, villager’s income and supplying raw materials for chemical, pharmaceutical, food industries and exporting it to European countries is a main i MoreThe ecosystem value, wild pistachio species importance and the product of raw turpentine in terms of creating employment, villager’s income and supplying raw materials for chemical, pharmaceutical, food industries and exporting it to European countries is a main interest to the government. The aim of this study was to investigate the ecosystem characteristics of pistachio species and the economic value of its gum in the direction of production rise in the Zagros in the Gilan-e Gharb forests that located in Kermanshah province. The studied forest stands with 700, 2100, 700 and 1000 hectares' area, respectively, are located in Kamreh Alirezavandi, Cheshmeh Sefid, Bapir and Balaleh in Gilan-e-Gharb in a mountainous and forested area. The desired area was determined using the available maps after filed visiting. Then, for griding, the study area in 10,000-scale maps was identified. Sampling by regular random method, was performed. In addition, the area of the sample plots is 4000 m2, have been surveyed. The results showed that the mean diameter at breast height in Kamreh, Bapir, Cheshmeh Sefid and Balaleh areas equal to 31.9, 35.5, 39.3 and 30.2 cm, respectively. Furthermore, the mean number of harvestable pistachio trees in Kamareh, Bapir, Cheshmeh Sefid and Balaleh areas is 30.15, 58.3, 44.45 and 32.25, respectively. The total height of pistachio trees in Kamareh, Bapir, Cheshmeh Sefid and Balaleh habitats is 5.6, 6.1, 4.5 and 4.2, respectively. The profit amount for the wild pistachio gum exploitation includes 821.7, 1623, 1740.5 and 2116 MilionRials in the Kamreh, Bapir, Cheshmeh Sefid and Balaleh, respectively. The findings of the present study showed that knowledge of the structural characteristics and production potential of turpentine in pistachio trees in the studied forest ecosystems and extraction of their gums based on habitat capacity is a significant step to protect this species and increase rural income and empower local communities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Assessment and analysis of effective factors on firewood and charcoal smuggling in local communities of the central Zagros, Ilam Province
Ali Mahdavi Majid Gholamhosseini Mohamad SalavarziApproximately, 30 percent of rural residents of Ilam County and Holeilan division are engaged in smuggling firewood and preparing charcoal alongside agricultural and livestock activities. Such activities of smuggling firewood and preparing charcoal are the main causes o MoreApproximately, 30 percent of rural residents of Ilam County and Holeilan division are engaged in smuggling firewood and preparing charcoal alongside agricultural and livestock activities. Such activities of smuggling firewood and preparing charcoal are the main causes of the cutting of trees and deforestation in these areas. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting firewood smuggling and charcoal production in the local communities of Ilam County and Holeilan district and to survey the status of charcoal in the livelihood and income of the villagers in the study area. In this study, the data were collected through a library study and a questionnaire. In the interview section, the attitudes and factors affecting charcoal production were investigated by directly communicating with the studied households. According to the results of factor analysis and examination of items (variables) related to each factor and their factor loadings, three economic-social, legal, and cultural-social factors were identified. The results of factor analysis showed that the first factor (socio-economic) with a specific value of 7.45 had the highest share (62.15%) and the third factor (socio-cultural) with a specific value of 1.15 had the lowest share (9.63%) in total variance explanation. The results of the investigations regarding the status of coal mining in the livelihood system of the studied households showed that each charcoal mining household in the area of Ilam city had 10,800,000 Rials and in Helilan district 11,400,000 Rials on average from the sale of coal in 2019. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Evaluating Efficiency of Forest-Trees Felling Motor-Manual Groups Using Data Envelopment Analysis Method in West of Mazandaran Province
Morteza Madanipour Kermanshahi Leila KaramaliThe efficiency of motor-manual groups in process of felling trees is less than expected in some utilization groups, which indicates the needs for improving the performance of these groups. The first step of the efficiency improvement is the evaluation of the current &lr MoreThe efficiency of motor-manual groups in process of felling trees is less than expected in some utilization groups, which indicates the needs for improving the performance of these groups. The first step of the efficiency improvement is the evaluation of the current ‎status of these groups. In this study, the felling groups were randomly ‎selected in 12 gropes from the forests of West Mazandaran. Each group included 2 and 3 operator (a total of 24 groups). The characteristics of each group (the number of people, system cost, chainsaw hours-of-operation and the cutting wood volume) were collected for three working days. The required diagrams (number of felled trees, the cutting wood volume, system cost, hours of operation and chainsaw hours-of-operation) were prepared and investigated by GAMS software. The number of people, system cost, chainsaw hours-of-operation as well as the cutting wood volume was designed as input and output variables, respectively. The data were also analysed through data envelopment analysis (DEA). The DEA results indicated that the effectiveness of managerial, technical and inductive were 0/9215, 0/8016, and 0/8671 respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The Interaction Effects of Management Accounting Information Systems on Production Performance in Pluralist and individualism organization
Donya Ahadian Poor Parvin Parvin NoroziIntroduction and main purpose: Culture is one of the factors in the use of management accounting information and decision-making executives, because in different cultures, how learning and thinking of people is different, so considering of cultural differences can be he MoreIntroduction and main purpose: Culture is one of the factors in the use of management accounting information and decision-making executives, because in different cultures, how learning and thinking of people is different, so considering of cultural differences can be help to make efficient accounting management information systems for helping management decision making. Methodology: This study examined the simple and interactive impact of culture (in two dimensions individualism and pluralism), the level of information provided by management accounting information systems and advanced manufactured technology on production performance.in companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 2015-2016. Results: The results of a survey reveal that a simple effects of management accounting information, culture and advanced manufactured technology on the performance of production confirmed, but in pluralistic communities progress of manufactured technology and non – financial performance, Advanced cost management has significant and negative effect on the performance of production and in the both of communities (pluralistic or individualistic) progress of manufactured technology and financial performance, traditional cost management has significant and negative effect on the performance of production, may be one of the reasons for these result is the national culture with a lot of uncertainty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Iranian Music Marketing in The Digital Era
Mohammad Beigi Abbasali Ghaiyoomi Sousan Alaei Niloofar SolhjooThe development of internet technology has helped to revive of music products. The purpose of this study is to find out how an internet marketing plan can aid in the growth and the development of an Iranian music production company. Our goals were to investigate the fou MoreThe development of internet technology has helped to revive of music products. The purpose of this study is to find out how an internet marketing plan can aid in the growth and the development of an Iranian music production company. Our goals were to investigate the four elements of System, Site, Scope, and Synergy in the context of online music marketing from the point of view of music production and distribution companies in Tehran. This is a survey-based study, using a designed questionnaire based on the 4S web-marketing mix model to collect the views of managers and experts in this field on the factors affecting the success of online marketing of music albums. The study population is the companies that produce and distribute music products in Tehran, which is currently 58 companies, and randomly we selected 160 companies to participate in this study. Results indicate that all four elements of internet marketing mix (scope, site, synergy, and system) are effective in improving the performance of Iranian music companies. Also, the results of this study indicate that from the perspective of music companies the elements of scope, synergy, site and system are the most important factors respectively. Also, all the indicators designed for each element of online music marketing are desirable or relatively favorable. The 4S internet marketing mix model has the potential to be used in the marketing of music products, and all its elements are effective for online music marketing success. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Study of music production after the Islamic Revolution and presenting its model of artistic management
yashar asadpour تکتم فرمانفرمایی عباسعلی GHIntroduction & Objective: It seems that the most important role of art directors is the interaction between people involved in the art world and various organizations, as well as ensuring that the values of a work of art are achieved. In order to influence society MoreIntroduction & Objective: It seems that the most important role of art directors is the interaction between people involved in the art world and various organizations, as well as ensuring that the values of a work of art are achieved. In order to influence society, the art director must search for the moral and value codes in a work of art and ensure that it aligns with and achieves the social, cultural, and economic effects it anticipates. But the approach of the artistic director in Iran has faced many ups and downs, especially in the field of music. The main challenge of management in the field of music production is related to understanding the social reality of art, and since the sociological approach of art to understanding art management has not been considered, the study of music production management with a sociological approach becomes more necessary.Research Method: The research is an integrated method (qualitative and quantitative) and has an exploratory nature. In the qualitative section, while studying the latest sociological literature of art, by performing thematic analysis and based on interviews with stakeholders, studying books and authoritative scientific articles, the dimensions and components of music production management were identified. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire based on qualitative findings was distributed to monitor the current situation and identify the most important components.Results: The results showed that music production management has 4 dimensions and 18 components. Artists, audiences, markets, and policymakers are the four dimensions of music production management.Conclusion: The most important factors influencing the management of music production were the decoding patterns of the audience, the effects of the music class in the market, the social responsibility of the artists, jurisprudential issues regarding the works of music and the quality of all these undesirable cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - REVIEWING THE AMOUNT OF PUBLISHERS’ INVOLVMENT IN THE PROCESS OF BOOK PRODUCTION IN TEHRAN CITY
R. Royaei S. HamidiIn this writing, first the publication of book, its importance and itsevolution in Iran before and after the victory of Islamic revolution arepointed out, and the process of book production is explained. Afterwards,as the investigation is introduced, its goals, hypothes MoreIn this writing, first the publication of book, its importance and itsevolution in Iran before and after the victory of Islamic revolution arepointed out, and the process of book production is explained. Afterwards,as the investigation is introduced, its goals, hypotheses, statistical society,the method of taking sample and the analysis of the data from the researchand the measuring tools are proposed through 14 questions. Eventually, thefindings from the investigation are pointed out in the 14 axes. Measuringthe role of each factor of book production, it is concluded that the publisherand the government are known as the most determining factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Study of Women's Entrepreneurship in the Manufacturing Centers of Tehran and Suburbs
دکتر مهرداد نوابخش مرضیه زارع هرفتهThe concept of entrepreneurship is rapidly gaining importance and recentlywomen's entrepreneurship has attracted many people around the world. Womenthrough entrepreneurship can show their potentialities, remove the obstacles andimprove their abilities.In the developing MoreThe concept of entrepreneurship is rapidly gaining importance and recentlywomen's entrepreneurship has attracted many people around the world. Womenthrough entrepreneurship can show their potentialities, remove the obstacles andimprove their abilities.In the developing countries, women are considered as the main hope to improvethe status of the family as well as country. Through entrepreneur activities, womennot only provide economic profits, but socio-cultural benefits as well. The main objectof the present research is to examine the socio-economic developmental affects ofwomen's entrepreneurship.The sample consisted of 150 women chosen from prod using, industrial andservicing companies. The methods used are survey research and documental research,using written questionnaires and fish notes for gathering information.The analysis of information is arranged in four sections, including descriptivesection, testing the hypothesis correlation analysis and multivariable regressionanalysis. For testing the hypothesis Q.S statistical method were used, according whichall the hypothesizes were approved.In other words there was a relationship between individual (motives, objectivesand human capital) environmental (cultural and socio-economic factors) and networkfactors and entrepreneurship index.Regression analysis index of entrepreneurship's relation with independentvariables indicates that among independent variables, individual-personality factorsand network factors and cultural factors have interred the equation and thatenvironmental factors are of the main importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Study of the effects of lifestyle changes and its consequences on rural production and development, case study: Ardabil rural
ارسطو یاری حصار وکیل حیدری ریحانه نارینیAbstractToday, relationships and lifestyle changes has become to an important matter, especially in traditional societies. We can seen this changes better in the rural societies compared to the urbans. There is no doubt this change and evolutions has important affect in MoreAbstractToday, relationships and lifestyle changes has become to an important matter, especially in traditional societies. We can seen this changes better in the rural societies compared to the urbans. There is no doubt this change and evolutions has important affect in different arena and also Influence on the process and its outcomes. this article is try to study and evaluate the changing of lifestyle indexes and its affect on quality of life and also on mode of production in rurals of Ardabil province. This research is correlational kinds of research and analyzing of data has been done by both quantitative and qualitative methods. The information has been gathered by means of questioner technique. The sample society consisted of villages in ardabil which includes 16 villages and 320 people. Rural sample selected by clustrd method and housholds seslected by systematic random methods. The result of this study shows that ther is significant relationship between using of media and social networks with lifestyle change in our case study. The socio cultural cange in Ardabil rurals are much more than changing in production mode also. Developing od aaeducational infrastructure spacially between producers and farmers and also producing new methods of marketing and production of information about rural lifestyle in syberic space can lead changes to desired point. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - A Study of the Effects of Lifestyle Changes and its Consequences on Rural Production and Development (Case of Study: Ardabil Rural Areas)
Arastoo Yari Hesar Vakil Heydari Reyhaneh NariniToday, relationships and lifestyle changes has become to an important matter, especially in traditional societies. We can see this changes better in the rural societies compared to the urban. There is no doubt this change and evolutions has important affect in different MoreToday, relationships and lifestyle changes has become to an important matter, especially in traditional societies. We can see this changes better in the rural societies compared to the urban. There is no doubt this change and evolutions has important affect in different arena and also Influence on the process and its outcomes. This article is try to study and evaluate the changing of lifestyle indexes and its effect on quality of life and also on mode of production in rural areas of Ardabil province. This research is correlational kinds of research and analyzing of data has been done by both quantitative and qualitative methods. The information has been gathered by means of questioner technique. The sample society consisted of villages in Ardabil which includes 16 villages and 320 people. Rural sample selected by cluster method and households selected by systematic random methods. The result of this study shows that there is significant relationship between using of media and social networks with lifestyle change in our case study. The socio cultural change in Ardabil rural are much more than changing in production mode also. Developing educational infrastructure especially between producers and farmers and also producing new methods of marketing and production of information about rural lifestyle in cyber space can lead changes to desired point. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Gender and development: a Glimpse on Demographic Changes in Iranian Rural Areas
Soheila Alirezanejad Foroughasadat Banihashem -
Open Access Article
63 - An analysis on the Existing Problems in the Area of Tea Cultivation and industry in Iran
حسن AfrakhtehThe cultivation of tea was made popular in Iran in 1899 by Kashefosaltaneh . Itis currently cultivated in an expansive area covering approximately 34000hectare inthe southern coast of the Caspian Sea and now over 107 plants are processing andproducing this crop in diffe MoreThe cultivation of tea was made popular in Iran in 1899 by Kashefosaltaneh . Itis currently cultivated in an expansive area covering approximately 34000hectare inthe southern coast of the Caspian Sea and now over 107 plants are processing andproducing this crop in different areas of tea cultivation.By recently years about 47.6 percent of national tea consumption was supplieddomestically and the rest was imported. In recent years, the NDP share in proportion towhole national consumption has degraded (decreased) to 12.5%. Now over onehundred years have passed since the earlier date of tea cultivation begun. Thisindustry, however faces its critical conditions.This crisis was intensified and accelerated in 2004 due to the refusal show by plants tobuy the green tea leaf .This research mainly aims to identity the existing problems of tea cultivation andindustry as well as the effective factors affecting it. The research is based on data thatwere obtained through field research in eleven model tea cultivation farm and throughstudying some documents extracted from archives in national tea organization andother processed sources. Additionally, the collected data were analyzed by reviewingcorrelation coefficient between the variables. Also Spearman's non-parametriccorrelation coefficient was used to investigate the linear correlation betweenqualitative variables.The result shows that the ecological condition, land ownes system, green leafpricing system and policy, method of producing tea and commercial system allconstitute interrelated collection that influence the crisis of tea cultivation and industryin Iran. As a result, Iranian tea has no suitable quality and the authorities can notsupply more qualitative tea than the competition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Contemporization of Historical Neighborhoods with the Aim of Urban Spaces Place Making
Arefeh Iranishad farah habib Mohammadjavad MahdavinezhadIntroduction and Purpose: One of the dimensions of urban contemporization is social. Cultural experiences are considered as stimuli of contemporization. For this reason, the reproduction of place for the basis of the application of cultural experiences must be the MoreIntroduction and Purpose: One of the dimensions of urban contemporization is social. Cultural experiences are considered as stimuli of contemporization. For this reason, the reproduction of place for the basis of the application of cultural experiences must be the basis of many contemporization plans. The present study is an attempt to develop a place-based contemporization approach. It seems that there is a meaningful relationship between the underlying factors, developmental factors, foresighting, social interactions and unconscious reproduction, and the location-based contemporization approach in these spaces. Method: The present study requires a qualitative approach; hence the basis of the research ontology is free research. In this paper, to evaluate the content validity according to the experts in terms of the amount of coordination between the measurement tool and the purpose of the research, two methods of qualitative and quantitative are used. Cronbach's alpha method was used to assess the reliability of research tools. In order to achieve the main goal of the paper, structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) have been used to assess the validity of described environmental features. Findings: Finally, it can be said that the orientation of this research in the field of describing the place-based contemporization approach can be provided in five main dimensions of "underlying factors", "developmental factors", "social processes", "prospective factors", "everyday interactions", and "unconscious reproduction". Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that the unconscious reproduction factor has the greatest impact on the place-based contemporization approach. Local knowledge, use of place, and interactions and experiences are among the criteria that influence this process. The criterion of everyday interactions and experiences has the greatest impact on the unconscious reproduction and, consequently, on the process of the place-based contemporization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Analyzing the challenges of the grape value chain: A case study in the West Azarbaijan province
سیده شیرین گلباز Esmail Karamidehkordi Mohammadreza AsghariCapacity development of agricultural products value chain can increase agricultural productivity and incomes. This requires updated knowledge and innovations. Farmers in developing countries face various challenges in the process of pre, during, and post-production of a MoreCapacity development of agricultural products value chain can increase agricultural productivity and incomes. This requires updated knowledge and innovations. Farmers in developing countries face various challenges in the process of pre, during, and post-production of agricultural products. This study examined the challenges of the grape production value chain in the West Azerbaijan Province. This study used a qualitative approach through the grounded theory methodology. Data were collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews with the Agricultural Jihad Organization speceilaists; agricultural extension agents; researchers from the provincial Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center; and grape producers in the West Azerbaijan Province, who were selected through the purposeful sampling technique. The qualitative data analysis was conducted using MAXQDA software version 12. The main challenges in the pre, during and post-production phases were related to institutional, social, human and financial issues, natural crises, lack of knowledge, farming systems challenges, and physical, technological and infrastructural obstacles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Research and technology development strategies in the agricultural product production system: the case of tobacco production
Abdolhalim Kor Mahammad sharif sharifzadeh Hamid Balali Reza MovahediSustainability and productivity in agricultural section requires the development and use of appropriate research technologies. For this reason, all countries are trying to provide the basis for deepening research in all matters. The aim of this study was to investigate MoreSustainability and productivity in agricultural section requires the development and use of appropriate research technologies. For this reason, all countries are trying to provide the basis for deepening research in all matters. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of tobacco company's research system in the agricultural section and to examine the bottlenecks and challenges of this system and to provide appropriate strategies to improve capacity and improve its functions in order to be effective in the agricultural field. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical with a survey approach. The data collection tools in this study were interviews, focus group formation and questionnaires in different stages of the study which were analyzed using SWOT analysis model. Results of the study showed that the strategic position of the research system of the tobacco company is defensive and Based on the review and analysis, 8 defensive strategies were developed to increase the capacities of the research system, and with the help of the Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM), the strategies were prioritized. And based on that, establishing efficient interaction with regulatory and governmental institutions with the approach of supporting domestic production with a relative attractiveness of 3.41, reviewing the organizational structure with the approach of integrating processes and coordinating research and production activities with a numerical value of 2.881 have been given high priority.Also, other adaptive strategies in the field, paying attention to research findings, human resource management, organizational culture and constructive interaction with scientific societies were also emphasized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Discriminant Analyses of Efficient Indexes on Apiaries Production in East Azerbaijan County
Vahid Sotood Javad Mahmoodi KaramjavanIn order to Discriminant analyses of efficient indexes on production of apiaries in East Azerbaijan to define the special relationship between some of the important factors affecting the production and the amount of future production of hive, analytical test done by pro MoreIn order to Discriminant analyses of efficient indexes on production of apiaries in East Azerbaijan to define the special relationship between some of the important factors affecting the production and the amount of future production of hive, analytical test done by providing and completing a questionnaire form in apiaries in both breeding and harvesting stages. As the two apiaries producing group i.e. high production group (higher than the average production) and low production group (under average production) using specific parameters were divided and tested. By examining the results and using the statistical analysis methods, the role and the impact of some of the factors affecting production were defined as a linear relationship. This formula makes it possible to predict the amount of apiary production before harvest, as by comparison of the resulting value for an apiary based on intended parameters with the obtained indicator, we can predicted its production and in the case of low performance, beekeeper urged to fix existing bugs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Explaining the Distinctive Professional Competencies Performance of Greenhouse Managers Production units in Southern Khorasan Province
Mohammad Motamedi Koroush roosta Asadullah Zamanipour Malihe FalakiPresent study conducted with the aim of explaining the distinctive Professional competencies performance of managers in greenhouse production units in Southern Khorasan. The research method was applied in terms of purpose, and descriptive-correlational in terms of colle MorePresent study conducted with the aim of explaining the distinctive Professional competencies performance of managers in greenhouse production units in Southern Khorasan. The research method was applied in terms of purpose, and descriptive-correlational in terms of collecting data. The study was conducted through the survey method. The statistical population of the study was 141 greenhouse owners from greenhouse cucumber production Units who were selected through the census method due to the limited statistical population. The instrument used for collecting data in this study was a questionnaire. At the time of research, 117 active greenhouses and information were collected and the statistical analysis was using of the discriminant analysis. The results of the analysis showed that out of the 23 independent variables examined, only 8 variables including observing the technical principles of growing operation, observing ethical beliefs, observing managerial competencies, observing the basic/generic competencies, the method of preparing the planting bed, the number of extension-training courses, the method of preparing the terrace and the planting operation, and the experience in greenhouse cultivation could maximally differ between successful and unsuccessful managers of greenhouse cucumber production Units in order of priority based on focal correlation coefficient.Explaining the Distinctive Professional Competencies Performance of Greenhouse Managers Production units in Southern Khorasan Province Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - An algorithm for the anchor points of the PPS of the CCR model
Dariush Akbarian -
Open Access Article
70 - Increasing discrimination efficiency in data envelopment analysis with imprecise input and output
Saeid Shahghobadi Farhad Moradi Abas Ghomashi -
Open Access Article
71 - Utilizing Computer Simulation and DEAGP to Enhance Productivity in a Manufacturing System
B. Vaisi A. Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
72 - Estimate Output of a Production Unit in Production Possibility Set with Fuzzy Inference Mechanism
Mohamad Adabitabar firozja Mohamad Adabi firozjaei Mousa Eslamian -
Open Access Article
73 - Evaluation and comparing the reviewers facilities of national and international conferences management systems
Maryam Ghafori Asefeh AsemiPurpose: The main objective of this study is to identify and compare the features of­ content management systems of conferences, at the national and international level. Methodology: In this research, a description of analysing system (web-based survey), Suehas: ora MorePurpose: The main objective of this study is to identify and compare the features of­ content management systems of conferences, at the national and international level. Methodology: In this research, a description of analysing system (web-based survey), Suehas: oral interview­, seeing­ the conference website and various parts of the system, an available movies and slides, documentary and library studies methods including study guides, educational menus and all existing evidence, empirical and practical study were conducted. Finally, for measurig the available facilities in the selected samples and comparing them the descriptive method was used (Descriptive statistics, frequency tables, bar and radar charts using SPSS and Excel software). The population of the study was conferences management system in the national and international level. The samples of the study consisted of three national conference management systems (Yekta Web, Afzare Shargh, Negar and Adak) and three international systems (ASME, Conftool and OCS(PKP). Findings: The findings showed that among the international system, Conftool system in terms of what the Juror has reached the highest score. In the national systems, Negar system of Fraznt corporate­ in the part­ of the Juror of the Congress was the highest score in terms of facilities. Conclusion: Finally, researchers concluded that the investigated systems had a little difference­, they all had the capabilities of the standard systems. Also,­ Negar conference management system­, had little difference with those of conferences of international management systems. These findings can help in the design,development, purchase, or use the new conference management­ systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Evaluation of production functions to estimate rapeseed yield in different Interval times
Arash Tafteh اصلان اگدرنژاد Niazali ebrahimipakIn this research evaluated production functions has been modified by Rase, 2004 And Tafteh et al.2013, this methods evaluated to estimate rapeseed yield under deficit irrigations with in the monthly intervals, quadruple growth stages and total growth period in the Qazvi MoreIn this research evaluated production functions has been modified by Rase, 2004 And Tafteh et al.2013, this methods evaluated to estimate rapeseed yield under deficit irrigations with in the monthly intervals, quadruple growth stages and total growth period in the Qazvin plain. For this purpose, randomized complete block design was applied. The irrigation treatments (60-90-120-150 mm evaporation from pan class A) with three replications were used during 2010 - 2012. The results showed that Treatments T11 and T12 with 2390 and 1320 yield (kg/ha) respectively have a maximum and minimum yield. Also results show that the best estimation was occurred in the total growth stage and other intervals were decreased the accuracy of the models. So the minimum error was in the total growth stage in the both methods. Statistical analysis shown that Tafteh et al. (2013) method in the total growth stage has the lowest root mean squared error (RMSE) and Normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE) respectively equal to 423 and 0.211. Also this method has a maximum of agreement index (d) and correlation coefficient (R2) Respectively equal to 0.76 and 0.645. Therefore Tafteh et al. (2013) method is suitable way for estimation of rapeseed yield in deficit irrigations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Estimation of Yield Response Factor to Water Stress in Garlic Plant under Deficit Irrigation
Arash Tafteh Fatemeh Keykhaei Mojtaba HadizadehBackground and Aim: Due to the importance of determining the behavior of plants in water shortage conditions, it is necessary to determine the coefficients of plant sensitivity to water at different stages of plant growth. Water shortage in the Sistan plain is a serious MoreBackground and Aim: Due to the importance of determining the behavior of plants in water shortage conditions, it is necessary to determine the coefficients of plant sensitivity to water at different stages of plant growth. Water shortage in the Sistan plain is a serious and important issue, so that the lack of water supply to the Helmand border river, which is the only source of water supply in the region, leads to the destruction of agriculture. The low possibility of increasing new water resources and the need to increase agricultural production from limited water resources in this region requires the use of appropriate scientific and technical methods to increase the productivity of agricultural water consumption. Also, changing the pattern of cultivation and replacement of high-income crops in recent years in arid areas has received much attention from farmers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of water stress on the behavior of garlic in dehydrated conditions to calibrate the production function of this plant to obtain yield response coefficients in conditions of water shortage.Method: In this study, garlic plant was implemented in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in 1398 and 1399 in Sistan and Baluchistan province. Treatments were applied based on stress levels compared to control 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60 and 70% of water requirement. This station is located 20 km southeast of Zabol city at latitude 61 degrees and 41 minutes and latitude 30 degrees and 54 minutes in Sistan region. The altitude of the station is 483 meters above sea level, the average annual rainfall is 55 mm and the annual evaporation rate is 4500 to 5000 mm. This region has a very dry climate with very hot summers and mild winters. The area of the experimental plot was equal to 750 square meters was selected for planting garlic of Chinese cultivar before planting the bed was reinforced with animal manure and after growing based on soil fertilizer test, 300 kg of potassium phosphate, 200 kg of triple phosphate and 100 kg. One kilogram of urea was added to the soil. Then plow and disc and finally leveled. On the 24th of October, grooves were planted with a shovel at a distance of 20 cm and a depth of 5 cm to plant garlic of Chinese cultivar, and garlic tubers were planted at a distance of 8 cm on the rows. Then, based on the obtained information, the two functions of Tafteh and Raes production were investigated and yield response factors were determined during the growing period.Results: Comparing the two methods used the highest yield of garlic in the study was 8240 kg / ha, for the production of which 833 mm of water was used. The data of the first year were used to calibrate the yield response factors of garlic and after calibrating the two production functions of Raes and Tafteh, the values of the yield response factors of garlic were presented. This coefficient was different in the range of 0.5 to 1.2 in different periods of garlic plant growth, the change curve was presented. Evaluation of Rice method in the second year with root mean square error of 1302 kg / ha and normalized value was about 23%.Conclusion: In the method of Tafteh the mean root mean square error was 485 kg / ha and the normalized value was about 11%. Therefore, the method of Tafteh is recommended in determining the yield of garlic under water stress conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Investigating Irrigation Management in Different Stages of Growth on the Yield and Yield Components of Lentils under Different Levels of Iron Nano-Chelate in Deylaman Region
Sayyed Mostafah Sadeghi Ali Abdzad GohariBackground and Aim: The increase in water consumption in agriculture has caused irrigation management to be studied by experts and researchers in recent years. Water is one of the most important factors limiting the production of lentils. Increasing water productivity t MoreBackground and Aim: The increase in water consumption in agriculture has caused irrigation management to be studied by experts and researchers in recent years. Water is one of the most important factors limiting the production of lentils. Increasing water productivity through the application of deficit irrigation methods is one of the important topics in the production of this crop. One of the important needs in agricultural planning is to identify the plant's nutritional needs. Iron is one of the essential elements of low consumption and low mobility that plants need the most among micronutrients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the irrigation management and iron nano-chelate on the yield and yield components of lentils in Guilan province.Method: The present experiment is conducted as a split-plot in the form of a randomized complete block design in three iterations in the Deylaman region. The main factor includes four levels namely without irrigation (rainfed), irrigation in the flowering stage, irrigation in the pod formation stage, and irrigation in the flowering and pod formation stage (full) and the sub-factor includes fertilizing nano iron chelate solution during flowering, pod formation time, flowering and podding time and, pre-ripening.Results: The findings of the research demonstrate that the effect of irrigation management and the influence of nano-chelate on grain and biological yields are significant at the level of 1 percent. As a result of irrigation management, the highest grain and biological yields are observed in the flowering and podding stages under irrigation conditions with an average of 1457 and 4380 kg.ha-1, respectively. At different levels of iron nano-chelate fertilizer, in the flowering and podding stage and fertilization in the pre-ripening stage, the highest grain yield is with an average of 834.2 and 861.7 kg.ha-1, respectively, and the maximum biological yield with an average of 3317.4 and 3228.6 kg.ha-1, respectively.Conclusion: With full irrigation, the number of main branches, the number of full pods per plant, and the biological and grain yields increases, and spraying solution of iron nano chelate fertilizer improves the number of nodes in the stem, and the number of full pods in the plant and rises the biological yield. Therefore, full irrigation and use of iron nano chelate fertilizer during the flowering and podding stages are recommended for the local lentil plant in the study area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Economic productivity analysis of water and nitrogen fertilizer for tea production with sprinkler irrigation system
Kourosh Majd Salimi Ebrahim AmiriConservation of soil and water resourcesis the most importantce factor in protection of ecosystem and agricultural product. Due to limited soil and water resources, methods that can optimize the use of water and fertilizer in tea farms are very important. In this study, MoreConservation of soil and water resourcesis the most importantce factor in protection of ecosystem and agricultural product. Due to limited soil and water resources, methods that can optimize the use of water and fertilizer in tea farms are very important. In this study, to analyze theeconomic productivity of water and nitrogen fertilizer in supplemental irrigation in tea farms, split plot experiment, with six levels of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 kg N ha-1 (N0 to N5) and five irrigation levels consisting of full irrigation (I4), deficit irrigation (I1, I2, I3) and no-irrigation (I0) in four replicates (2008-2010) were conducted. The Results indicated that the highest economic productivity of water and nitrogen fertilizer is obtained with supplemental sprinkler irrigation (3424 m3) and 200 kg N ha-1 application. Increase or decrease in the amount of nitrogen recommended in full irrigated, reduce economic productivity of water and fertilizer. The best economic productivity of water and fertilizer in deficit irrigation was obtained with application of 200 and 100 kg N ha-1, respectively. In rainfed or no irrigation condition, application of 100 kg N ha-1 can be recommended to achieve maximum economic productivity in tea farms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Optimization of water use efficiency and yield in potato using marginal analysis theory
Parviz fathi Mohammad soltaniWater scarcity is a widespread problem in arid and semi arid regions. In this condition, evaluating crop response to water stress and estimation of ET production function (ETPF) is essential. The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamic interrela MoreWater scarcity is a widespread problem in arid and semi arid regions. In this condition, evaluating crop response to water stress and estimation of ET production function (ETPF) is essential. The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamic interrelations of yield, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of potato (Solanum Tuberosom L.) under trickle irrigation condition. This study was conducted in Dehgolan region of Kurdistan province in spring season of 1388. The experiment was arranged based on completely randomized block with 3 replication of water supply (60%, 80%, 100%, 120% of crop water requierment). In this study, evapotranspiration values and total yield of treatments were measured. To reveal the interrelations of yield, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency, two types of water production function including: Linear and Quadratic were used. The results showed that when the ETPF is linear, the EI will be numerically equal to the yield response factor (Ky), when ET reaches maximum ET (ETm). When ETPF was quadratic, the ET needed to maximize WUE is less than the ET for maximum yield (Ym). The results were also revealed that maximum yield was achieved at 345 mm of evapotranspiration and maximum water use efficiency (26.6 kg/m3) was achieved at 222 mm of evapotranspiration where 55.4 percent was less than the maximum evapotranspiration (ETm). However, the maximum yield was only 27.7 percent more than the yield in maximum water use efficiency. The interrelation of Y, ET and WUE are demonstrated that if water supply is limiting, seeking maximum water use efficiency may be desirable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - comparison of production of agitated yogurts(high fat onion shallot yogurt) by traditional and industrial methods
mahbube basi mohammad mehdi parsapurIntroduction: Significant properties of concentrated yogurt as compared to regular yogurt has increased the demand for its production and consumption. In this study, high fat flavored yogurt produced traditionally and industrially were compared.Materials and Methods: St MoreIntroduction: Significant properties of concentrated yogurt as compared to regular yogurt has increased the demand for its production and consumption. In this study, high fat flavored yogurt produced traditionally and industrially were compared.Materials and Methods: Stirred yogurt was prepared in a traditional way using a cloth bag and in the industrial way using condensed milk with dry milk and other additives. Finally, physicochemical properties (pH, acidity, hydration and percentage of dry matter), nutritional value and sensory test of the products were compared.Results: The results showed that changes in pH and acidity in traditional yogurt and industrial yogurt were insignificant (P≤0.05), and the amount of water released in traditional yogurt was significantly higher than the industrial yogurt (P≥0.05). Concerned with sensory evaluation, the industrial yogurt was evaluated higher than the traditional yogurt. Traditional yogurt scored better in terms of protein and calcium contents; In term of ash content, the industrial yogurt had a better position.Conclusion: The results of the current research indicated that the production of concentrated yogurt in an industrial way in terms of physicochemical properties, sensory and microbial evaluation, is more suitable than the production of this product by the traditional method, while from the nutritional point of view, the traditional concentrated yogurt had high content of protein and calcium than that of industrial yogurt. This problem of industrial yogurt might be solved and corrected through the use of protein-based stabilizers in the formulation or by enriching the product with calcium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Plant Equivalent of Optimum Food Basket for Iran Society
Maryam Akbarpoor Abdolmajid Mahdavi Damghani Hadi Veisi mohammadreza nazari Introduction: One of the indicators for determining the health of a society is the quantity and quality of consumed food by the people, that is defined in terms of the optimum food basket. In order to analyse the food system of a region, the food production should More Introduction: One of the indicators for determining the health of a society is the quantity and quality of consumed food by the people, that is defined in terms of the optimum food basket. In order to analyse the food system of a region, the food production should be compared with the optimum food basket. Therefore a unit that can be used both in measuring food needs and food production is necessary, therefore the food basket was converted to its plant equivalent.Materials and Methods: The food basket that is equated in this research is the food basket approved by the Ministry of Health. Each of the components of the food basket is converted into its plant equivalent using mathematical calculations.Results: The food basket, which is categorized into four groups including 1) energy suppliers 2) poultry 3) livestock and 4) fruits, vegetables and legumes has been equated and the plant equivalent of the optimum food basket for Iranian people was measured: 370 grams of vegetables, 280 grams of fruits, 26 grams of legumes, 135 grams of rice hull, 58 grams of rapeseed grain, 60 grams of soybean grain, 5 grams of sunflower grain, 30 grams of rapeseed meal, 815 grams of wheat grain, 94 grams of wheat straw, 77 grams of wheat bran, 147 grams of barley grain, 62 grams of barley straw, 147 grams of sugar beet root, 233 grams of sugar cane shoot, 30 grams of sugar beet pulp, 4.3 grams of sugar beet molasses, 243 grams of fodder corn, 806 grams of alfalfa and other forage crops, 258 grams of corn grain, 51 grams of soybean meal, 37 grams of ready concentrate and 36 grams of other materials.Conclusion: This is the first report about the plant equivalent of the optimum food basket in Iran. The results can be used in food and nutrition macro policies (production, exports, imports, subsidies and pricing). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Investigation of environmental impacts of potato production using life cycle assessment
Majid Dekamin EHSAN KHODAREZAEIBackground and Objective: In recent years, the debate over the environmental sustainability of agricultural productions is increased widely. In this context, environmental impacts of potato production in the Hamadan province (the largest producer of potatoes in Iran) we MoreBackground and Objective: In recent years, the debate over the environmental sustainability of agricultural productions is increased widely. In this context, environmental impacts of potato production in the Hamadan province (the largest producer of potatoes in Iran) were studied.Material and Methodology: In this research, life cycle assessment approach was used to identify and reduce environmental impacts. Data were collected by face to face interview with farmers in Nahavand (2020-2021). The CML IA method was selected to impact assessment. The environmental impact were assessed for impact categories including involved the global warming potential, depletion of fossil fuel resources potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential and human toxicity potential. Producing one ton of potatoes was determined as a functional unit.Findings: The results showed that the production of one-ton potato consumes 1774.75 MJ energy. It emits 125.52 kg CO2eq, 5.04 kg SO2eq, 1.34 kg PO4eq, 69.4 kg 1,4-DBeq that respectively are involved the global warming potential, depletion of fossil fuel resources potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential and human toxicity potential.Discussion and Conclusion: The analyses revealed that the production of chemical fertilizers and electricity had highest effects on global warming, depletion of fossil fuels and human toxicity. Also, direct emissions from the field because of nitrogen and phosphoric compound in fertilizers had highest effects on eutrophication and acidification. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Determining the Economically Optimal Harvesting Age of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) in Guilan Province
Mostafa Adibnezhad Soleiman Mohammadi LimaeiBackground and Objective: The aim of present study was to determine the economically optimal harvesting age of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) in Guilan Province. Loblolly pine is one of the fast growing species that had successful growth in plantation at Guilan province. MoreBackground and Objective: The aim of present study was to determine the economically optimal harvesting age of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) in Guilan Province. Loblolly pine is one of the fast growing species that had successful growth in plantation at Guilan province. Method: For this purpose, growth data and the stumpage price of loblolly pine were used. Regression analysis was used to determine the most suitable growth model for loblolly pine. Findings: The results showed that the best relationship between volume growth per hectare and age is a third order polynomial growth model. The equation for the price of loblolly pine stumpage was estimated based on an autoregressive model. Due to the insignificancy of this relationship at the significance level of 0.05, the average stumpage price was used for various years as an estimation of stumpage price. According to the stumpage price, annual growth and interest rate, the optimal age of loblolly pine was determined based on technical and economic criteria. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that economically optimum harvesting age of loblolly pine varies with different discount rates. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Simulation of Methane Production Process from Livestock Wastes into a Batch Bioreactor
Hossein Beiki Elham JananehBackground and Objective: Considering the importance of environmental protection and necessity of using new energy sources and innovative fuels, using of renewable energies have been a great concern. Due to this necessity, in this study, mathematical modeling and s MoreBackground and Objective: Considering the importance of environmental protection and necessity of using new energy sources and innovative fuels, using of renewable energies have been a great concern. Due to this necessity, in this study, mathematical modeling and simulation of a batch bioreactor to produce methane from livestock waste was investigated numerically. Method: The relationship between microorganism’s growth rate and substrate concentration were established by Monod model. The equations of mathematical model were solved with fourth order Rung Kutta. The effect of initial microorganisms’ concentration on methane production was also investigated. Initial concentration of substrate and microorganisms are 51.74 g/L and 1.61 g/L, respectively. Findings: The results revealed that the mathematical model average deviation from experimental data is 8.53%. The amount of methane produced after 70 days is equal to 10.29 g/L. The substrate disintegration and methane production are a function of substrate retention time. Enhancement in the initial concentration of microorganisms causes methane gas production in less time. The amount of methane gas produced is independent of initial microorganisms’ concentration. Discussion and Conclusion: The model which presented in this study could be used to predict the time required to carry out the reaction, ooptimum performance of bioreactor, the relevant process equipment design, scale up of equipment such as digestive and appropriate control of operation to produce high-purity methane and higher volume of biogas in the bioreactor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Studying the Seasonal Changes of Pproduction and Consumption of Agropyron Trichophorum Species in Lorestan Alpine Rangelands
Reza Siahmansour Morteza AkbarzadehBackground and Objective: Our dependence on plants for survival is so strong that its exploitation and management are special sciences. One of the key rangeland species is Agropyron trichophorum. Awareness of its ecological information is of particular importance. The a MoreBackground and Objective: Our dependence on plants for survival is so strong that its exploitation and management are special sciences. One of the key rangeland species is Agropyron trichophorum. Awareness of its ecological information is of particular importance. The aim of this study was to determine the seasonal changes in production and consumption of Agropyron trichophorum in summer rangelands of Lorestan province. Method: In this study, production inside the enclosed part and consumption outside it (control), from 2007 to 2010 were investigated. Each year, 50 average rootstocks of the species were identified at the beginning of the growing season and 5 medium rootstocks were selected at the beginning of the season for each month of the grazing season inside the enclosed plot and 5 similar rootstocks outside the grazing area and cut and weighed in each month of the grazing season. Data were analyzed in MSTATC software and the mean was compared with Duncan's multiple range tests. Findings: The difference between the mean effects of year, month and the interaction of year, months are statistically significant (P <0.01). The difference in production in different years was large, so that the forage produced in the year of low production was about 42% of the forage produced in the year of high production. On average, about 80% of the production of this species was used by livestock during the grazing season, which fluctuated between 75% and 87% in the study years. Discussion and Conclusion: Production in June, which is the result of plant metabolism in the second half of May and the first half of June, is higher and decreases in July and August. In total, this species produces an average of 149.4 kg / ha of forage, of which 119.8 kg / ha (80.2%) is consumed. In July and August, the pressure of grazing was transferred to the back of the fields; this is due to the presence of forage in the lands near the village, as well as increasing the temperature and reducing water resources in the rangeland. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Providing Practical Instruction for Solving Environmental Problems from Residue (cake) of Cold Purification Process in Zinc Production Process
Keivan Shayesteh Pourya Abbasi Vahid Vahid fard Mehdi HosseiniBackground and Objective: In the waste from the cold treatment process in zinc production plants, there is about 40 to 50% of zinc and other harmful heavy metals such as cadmium and nickel. Cadmium and nickel are among the heavy metals that are harmful to human health i MoreBackground and Objective: In the waste from the cold treatment process in zinc production plants, there is about 40 to 50% of zinc and other harmful heavy metals such as cadmium and nickel. Cadmium and nickel are among the heavy metals that are harmful to human health in high concentrations. Removal of bio-pollutants from these wastes is one of the concerns of the zinc industry. The purpose of this study is to remove nickel and cadmium as impurities in the zinc production process by cementation method.Methodology:The procedure consists of three steps: cold purification cake leaching, impurity purification and electrolysis. The cake is first liquefied with sulfuric acid and the resulting solution contains zinc ions along with nickel and cadmium impurities. Optimal conditions for the removal of impurities were obtained by the surface response method (RSM), then the filtration process was performed by the cementation method and the impurities were removed and finally the solution was electrolyzed to produce zinc. Using Design Expert (DOE) test design software, the parameters affecting the filtration process such as temperature, zinc powder concentration, retention time and additive concentration were investigated.Findings: It was found that most influences related to contact time, temperature, zinc powder amount and additive concentration, respectively. So, optimum conditions for removal of nickel and cadmium containing temperature of 85 centigrade, concentration of 6.63 mg L-1 of zinc powder, contact time of 100 min and concentration of 10.29 mg L-1 for additive were obtained. At these conditions, impurities amounts were reached to the allowed limit for electrolysis and zinc in the cake was recovery.Conclusions: Using cementation method by removing impurities and then recovering zinc, in addition to solving some of the environmental problems caused by the cake, the recovery of these metals is of great economic importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - A Conceptual Model of green production with an ISM Approach
afarin rezaei Hasan Dehghan Denavi Hamid Babaei Meybodi alireza anvariBackground and Objective: Given that in today's world, factors such as population growth, increasing efforts to achieve economic growth and production systems to increase production and achieve competitive advantage lead to the loss of natural resources, global warming, MoreBackground and Objective: Given that in today's world, factors such as population growth, increasing efforts to achieve economic growth and production systems to increase production and achieve competitive advantage lead to the loss of natural resources, global warming, climate change, Natural disasters and ultimately environmental degradation and green production has been proposed as an effective factor in reducing environmental pollution and human risks as well as increasing competitive advantage and profitability for organizations. This study aims to design a conceptual model of green production with a modeling approach. An interpretive structure has been developed. Material and Methodology: In this study, which is synthetic and inductive-deductive in terms of data collection method, and was conducted in 1400, and 12 industrial management specialists at the university level participated as panel members in the quality department. In fact, in the qualitative section, which used meta-synthesis and Delphi analysis, the aim was to identify the themes of green production and then in the quantitative section, with the participation of 16 managers of knowledge-based companies in the green production section, the propositions identified in ISM templates should be graded based on influential priority. Therefore, relying on meta-synthesis analysis, the first 12 studies were reviewed as a basis for evaluation to determine the themes of green production based on critical evaluation, based on which eight themes were selected and entered into Delphi analysis in a checklist manner to determine theoretical adequacy. During the two stages of Delphi analysis, all eight identified themes of green production entered the quantitative analysis section, i.e., structural interpretive analysis. Findings: The results showed that the most influential components of green production of knowledge-based companies are the five components of water (C1), energy (C2), natural resources (C3), capital (C5), and labor (C6), which is at the third level of the proposed model. Also, a Mick Mac analysis as a complementary interpretive structural analysis was performed to better understand the research topic. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that the factors of energy consumption, water consumption, labor, capital, and raw materials are important factors that any change in them will cause changes in other variables and on the other hand, GDP is with the low impression, and greenhouse gases and technology is the most impression variable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Explain the theoretical model of production and development of architectural plans in the interaction of machine learning algorithms and genetics
reza babakhani azadeh Shahcheraghi hossein zabihiBackground and Objective: The aim of this study is to explain to the theoretical model in order to find a new solution for the production and development of spatial arrangement of architectural plans based on interactive and integrated methods with the help of machine l MoreBackground and Objective: The aim of this study is to explain to the theoretical model in order to find a new solution for the production and development of spatial arrangement of architectural plans based on interactive and integrated methods with the help of machine learning and genetic algorithms. Evolutionary algorithms alone are not effective, but machine learning algorithms can learn plans and form the basis of practical models that can develop and generate new samples through the use of genetic algorithms.Material and Methodology: In this regard, the combined research method includes library studies, collecting raw data, reviewing case samples, and using computational formulas as objective and penalty functions.Findings: Studies show that the genetic algorithm does not have the ability to store memory and on the other hand, the basis of its calculations is jumping and random action that this process is not effective in the production of architectural plans alone and research.Discussion and Conclusion: findings show that the algorithm Machine learning, due to its exemplary structure, can store and recognize examples, and the genetic algorithm, which is a searchable and scalable algorithm, can produce more examples of architectural plans each time based on the proposed mathematical model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Feasibility of zinc recovery from hot-filtrate cake (waste) as practical approach to resolve of environmental problems in zinc industry
Mehdi Hosseini Keivan Shayesteh Vahid Vahid fard Pourya AbbasiBackground and Objective: Cake from hot-filtrate of zinc production industries containing about 16-24% of zinc and harmful metals such as cobalt, which it releases to environment caused to the harmful effects. These pollutions are one of the main concerns of this indust MoreBackground and Objective: Cake from hot-filtrate of zinc production industries containing about 16-24% of zinc and harmful metals such as cobalt, which it releases to environment caused to the harmful effects. These pollutions are one of the main concerns of this industry so the goal of present work is cobalt impurity cementation method and reuse of zinc recovery. Material and Methodology: The work is containing three steps leaching of hot-filtrate cake, optimization of affective parameters on process using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and removal of cobalt impurity. Using RSM necessary experiments was designed and finally optimum conditions were determined. Finding: Using Design of Expert (DOE) software parameters such as temperature, zinc powder amount, contact time and additive concentration of antimony trioxide were evaluated. Based on the obtained results, the most impressive are belonged to zinc powder amount, temperature, time and additive concentration, respectively. Optimum conditions for cobalt removal containing temperature of 84 C°, concentration of 12.74 g L-1 for zinc powder, contact time of 118 min and concentration of 22.28 mg L-1 were obtained. At these conditions, cobalt impurity amount is reached to the allowed limit for electrolysis process and can be recovery of zinc from obtained solution. Discussion & Conclusion: Using cementation method about 75% of zinc in cake was recovery and cobalt impurity was removed and finally, obtained zinc solution was conducted to the zinc production route. Furthermore, addition of dissolving environmental problems from cake, recovery of zinc and cobalt from the point of economical was important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Problems Sunflower Growers Sonqor with Emphasis on Sunflower Harvesting Machine
Masoomeh Amerian Afsaneh Malekhosini yasin mamarash hadi mamsoltan deh shamsBackground and Objectives: Due to the important role of Sonqor in the production of high quality sunflower and also observed reduce the area under cultivation of this crop in recent years, the present study aimed to investigate the problems were sunflower growers Sonqor MoreBackground and Objectives: Due to the important role of Sonqor in the production of high quality sunflower and also observed reduce the area under cultivation of this crop in recent years, the present study aimed to investigate the problems were sunflower growers Sonqor with an emphasis on sunflower harvesting machine. Materials and Methods: The research method used is descriptive - survey. The statistical society was all sunflower farmers Sonqor (N=300) that among them using Morgan table, 169 persons were selected using the random sampling as the statistical sample. Interview method and questionnaire instrument were used to collect data that Interview method was used to identify questionnaire items. So general approach was study qualitative-quantitative consecutive. For the questionnaire validity of the panel of experts was used and its reliability was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha that appropriate number 0.72 was obtained. To analyze the data was used of factor analysis. Findings: According to the results, 32.1% of sunflower growers were in the age range of 31-40 years and 75% of them had agricultural jobs. 31.2% had middle school education and 2.4% of sunflower growers were very satisfied with their jobs. About 90% of the sunflower growers had moderate to high satisfaction with the sunflower harvesting machine. Results of factorial analysis showed that sunflower growers Sonqor problems in six of the lack of government support, problem selling, planting and harvesting difficult, costly and manual harvesting, marketing problems, and difficulty processing were classified. Discussion and Conclusion: Among the factors, lack of government support has the most important role in explaining problems Sonqor sunflower growers. The basic problems of sunflower growers in this city are the lack of support for agricultural jihad and agricultural research centers, which can play a very important role in increasing the area of cultivation and reducing the harvest waste of this crop. It is important to observe the proportionality between the capacity and the cost of the harvesting machine for supply. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Determination of Optimal Operation Strategy for CAES in Fluctuating-Hourly Electricity Market with High Renewable Wind Power Penetration (Case Study: Khorasan Regional Electricity Co.)
Mahdi Ghaemi Asl Mostafa Salimifar Mostafa Rajabi Mashhadi Mohammad Hossien Mahdavi AdeliBackground and Purpose: With influx of sustainable and renewable energy with high penetration into the production system, Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) could be used for creation of an acceptable adequate and smooth Electricity production system. CAES plants oper MoreBackground and Purpose: With influx of sustainable and renewable energy with high penetration into the production system, Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) could be used for creation of an acceptable adequate and smooth Electricity production system. CAES plants operate on electricity markets by storing energy when electricity prices are low and producing electricity when prices are high. An essential condition for the profitability of the CAES in hybrid systems is appropriate strategy for CAES operation about the sale and purchase of energy. This study aimed to determine optimal operating strategy for CAES systems fluctuating-hourly electricity market with high penetration of renewable wind power. Method: In this study, with simulation of production system of Khorasan Regional Electricity Company power plants which among all, the theoretical optimal strategy provides the highest net income for the storage unit. But since the market price of the upcoming hourly-fluctuating market is not pre-determined, two prognostic and historical practical-operational strategies have used for Setting up compressed air energy storage system. Findings: The results show that prognostic and historical practical-operational strategies, on average have 93% and 89% of theoretical optimal strategy s’ net income, respectively, in all six simulated capacities for compressed air energy storage system. Discussion and Counclusion: Based on the results, it is necessary to use power storage in order to increase grid stability and reliability of production in hybrid systems with high renewable power penetration; because a Black-Start must be ready in grid for Possible Black-Out situations which could provide load of grid in the least possible time. Use a CAES could be a great way that not only guarantees reliability and stability of grid in emergencies, but also is economically feasible and have operational suitable profit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Optimization model for production productivity considering the external costs of Co2 emission in the kiln Department of cement factory (case study)
Ahmad Naghiloo Sajjad Emami Ata chitsaz khoie Mohammad FathalilooIntroduction: Cement factories are highly energy- and cost-intensive industries. Energy consumption in thecement industry is in the form of fossil energy carriers such as natural gas and fuel oil that are major sources ofCo2 emissions. Since carbon dioxide emission from MoreIntroduction: Cement factories are highly energy- and cost-intensive industries. Energy consumption in thecement industry is in the form of fossil energy carriers such as natural gas and fuel oil that are major sources ofCo2 emissions. Since carbon dioxide emission from cement manufacturing has a high percentage of the total Co2production in the world, there is a high potential for controlling and reducing Co2 emission.Materials & Methods: In this paper, the theory of microeconomics firm was used to present a model foroptimal production productivity considering the external costs of Co2 production in cement industry. To showthe effect of Co2 emission in the model, Co2 emissions is considered as a function of energy consumption andthen added to the set of constraints.Results & Discussion: Eventually by solving the presented model by an advanced mathematical programmingnamed GAMS software, Co2 emission is reduced by 15% and total annual cost is reduced by 6% which areremarkable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Study of Electronic Waste Condition in Yazd City and Effect of Privatization Policies on its Amount (Case study: Computer wastes from governmental, public non-governmental and private organizations in Yazd city)
maedeh dehghani tafti Ehsan Parvane AvalBackground and Objective: Electronic waste management and disposal have been one of the main problems in recent decades. Government policies and management programs in the country have a huge impact on the production and management of electronic waste. Privatization pro MoreBackground and Objective: Electronic waste management and disposal have been one of the main problems in recent decades. Government policies and management programs in the country have a huge impact on the production and management of electronic waste. Privatization programs in the country could lead to fundamental changes in the function of economy and waste management. Method: This study examines the amount of electronic and computer wastes, attitudes and knowledge about environmental and health effects of electronic wastes and the current waste management system in thirty organizations in three types of governmental, non-govermental and private organizations in Yazd and its suburbs using a questionnaire and collection of computer waste data. Findings: The results showed that the public non-governmental organizations have a higher percentage of computer waste production than the total annual purchase of computer (28% and 20% compared to governmental organizations with 3.7%). In this study, the amount of computer waste anually produced in the 30 studied organizations was estimated to be about 2.1 tons. Discussion and Conclusion: The considerable amount of computer waste production along with other electronic waste produced in different parts of the city and its suburbs can be used as raw materials required in electronic waste recycling centers. Electronic waste recycling can save resources, prevent the pollution cused by entry of toxic compounds such as lead and cadmium into the environment, contribute to recovery of valuable metals such as copper, finally leading to economic development and job creation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Review and assess the social determinants of household waste produced per capita loss (Case Study: Tehran Municipality Region 3 and 10)
Yaghowb Peyvastehgar Jahanbin MirzaiiAbstract Background and Objective: Increasing production of waste in cities is an issue that municipalities deal with it and a significant amount of municipal funds spent on the collection, transport and disposal of the waste, in addition to the many environmental probl MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Increasing production of waste in cities is an issue that municipalities deal with it and a significant amount of municipal funds spent on the collection, transport and disposal of the waste, in addition to the many environmental problems will follow. Method: This paper aims to identify social factors that influence the production of household waste is reduced. For this purpose, the two regions 3 and 10 of Tehran municipality in terms of per capita household waste generation and associated social factors were studied. Because these two regions close together despite the population, in terms of physical and social differences with each other, which can help reduce household waste produced per capita. Then to answer assumptions, based on a survey questionnaire containing open and closed questions was used. Findings: The findings show that many social factors have a direct impact on per capita production of household waste, such as age, gender, marital status, family size, length of stay in Tehran and region, type of home and respect for the separation of waste. Then the two regions based on criteria and indicators of physical, social, environmental and management were evaluated and by region 3, percentage points respectively is 67, 64, 36 and 38 and the region 10 is 47, 46, 33 and 36. Finally, 20 action plan to reduce domestic waste generation per capita was presented with an emphasis on social factors. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the questionnaire were analyzed by using statistical tests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Investigation of the Factors Affecting the Degradation of Expired Herbicides Stockpiles of Agricultural Supportive Services Company
Elham Shahinfar Ahmad Heidari Mohammad Reza Damavandian Babak Heidari AlizadehBackground and Objective: Expired pesticides are a major problem in many countries. Thus, we need to know the effective factors in pesticides degradation to prevent environmental damage of them. In many cases restructuring or demolition costs of the expired pesticides a MoreBackground and Objective: Expired pesticides are a major problem in many countries. Thus, we need to know the effective factors in pesticides degradation to prevent environmental damage of them. In many cases restructuring or demolition costs of the expired pesticides are more than their primary production. Method: This study investigated the possibility of applying the expired pesticides stockpiles of agricultural supportive services company. Quality control tests were performed according to the FAO, CIPAC and pesticide manufacturers' guidelines. Results: The results were classified based on the different groups of pesticides, physical state of herbicides formulation, producing companies, date of production and location of warehouses. Data were analyzed by Chi-Square test, in case of significance. The risk test was performed to determine the relative risk for the variables using SPSS-18 software. Conclusion: Result showed a significant correlation between the time lagged after production of herbicides and degradation percentage of herbicides. The degradation percent of expired insecticides was highest and that of expiered herbicides and fungicides was at the second and third rank, respectively. The degradation percent of the expired herbicides formulated in the country was 52% and that of the expired herbicides formulated in India/China was 67%. The results show that 55% of the herbicides with liquid formulation and 26% of the herbicides with solid formulation were degraded. Considering the degradation rate of herbicides, there is no statistically significant difference between the warehouses at 4 climatic regions Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Identification and Ranking of Green investment Factors
jaber jabbari piryousefian alireza nobariToday, companies in the competitive market are required to produce products that respect environmental factors. And they must comply with the relevant standards (such as ISO14001). The purpose of this study was to identify and rank the green and green production factors MoreToday, companies in the competitive market are required to produce products that respect environmental factors. And they must comply with the relevant standards (such as ISO14001). The purpose of this study was to identify and rank the green and green production factors through the AHP hierarchical process analysis method. The sampling method was purposeful and carried out in 2017. The research is a descriptive and applied research. With the comprehensive study of research background and deep interview with experts, seven major criteria of pure-green production have been identified and prioritized. Human capital management in the production process with the weight of 0.310 is the most important factor. The results also show that the three factors for developing employee participation and participation, the continuous improvement of the service delivery process, and the establishment of an environmental management system are the most important factors in reducing all aspects of assessment or types of waste in the pure green production system. These results in the form of non-monetary or sustainability reporting provide a comprehensive picture of the organization's activities and a balanced view of its effects and benefits in terms of economic, social and environmental dimensions, and as the financial measurement of the sustainability of companies is increasing , The risk assessment and expected returns of corporate governance performance will be possible with a sustainability approach, and investing in sustainability dimensions is considered to be a relative advantage for investors and is considered as one of the underlying factors of a trading position. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Investigating the factors related to the implementation of economic policies of Bank Melli Iran in order to boost production to improve the performance of the financial system
Mohammad Javad Rezayati Ajpisheh Sanjar Salajeghe Mohammad JalalkamaliThe banking nature of Iran's economy has undeniably denied the key role of banks - especially Bank Melli as the economic engine and representative of the government in implementing government fiscal policies - in accelerating economic prosperity, supporting national pro MoreThe banking nature of Iran's economy has undeniably denied the key role of banks - especially Bank Melli as the economic engine and representative of the government in implementing government fiscal policies - in accelerating economic prosperity, supporting national production, and boosting domestic production. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors related to the implementation of economic policies of Bank Melli Iran in order to boost production in order to improve the performance of the financial system. In this study, first the factors related to the implementation of Bank Melli Iran's economic policies, components of Bank Melli economic policies for production prosperity and components of production prosperity were identified through exploratory studies and surveys of experts aware of the issue using Delphi technique. And then these factors were tested in the form of a designed model in the statistical population. The present study is a descriptive-correlational research that has been done by survey method. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Findings of the research, while confirming the proposed research model, showed that there is a positive relationship between factors related to the implementation of economic policies and its components: intra-institutional factors and extra-institutional factors with economic policies. Also, there is a positive relationship between economic policies and its components: attracting liquidity, targeted injection of liquidity, interaction with working groups to remove barriers to production, payment of micro-facilities and payment of debt purchase facilities with a boom in production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Investigating production sharing agreement as a way to attract investment in Iran's oil industry
mohammad amin salarian ali zare mohsen mohebi sadegh abdiProduction sharing agreements are one of the most important upstream contracts in the international oil and gas industry. This deal has always been a good substitute for the country's international oil contracts by critics of the industry. Now, in order to explain the s MoreProduction sharing agreements are one of the most important upstream contracts in the international oil and gas industry. This deal has always been a good substitute for the country's international oil contracts by critics of the industry. Now, in order to explain the status and suitability of this contract with the upstream documents of the country and to analyze its principles from the perspective of religious principles, this article will analyze the nature and most important legal aspects of this agreement. So achieve this goal, we first analyze the legal nature of the this agreement and then briefly review the most important legal features of the country's upstream oil and gas cooperative contracts, and finally review the laws to assess the applicability of these contracts to the upstream oil and gas sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Clarifying the model of influential criteria in production growth with the approach of shareholders' value creation
Seyed Mohialddin Seraj Fazel Mohammadi Nodeh sina kherdyarAbstract:The purpose of this research is to explain the pattern of effective criteria in the growth of production with an emphasis on creating value for shareholders in companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. In line with the purpose of the research, research i MoreAbstract:The purpose of this research is to explain the pattern of effective criteria in the growth of production with an emphasis on creating value for shareholders in companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. In line with the purpose of the research, research information was collected from the financial statements of listed companies in the period of 2010-2020. Multivariate regression method with panel data was used for statistical analysis. The findings of the research model test show that the rate of return on assets, current ratio, company size, financial leverage, stock liquidity, CEO tenure, political connections have a significant effect on the added value of shareholders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Presenting a model for the development of green investment in smart production systems based on digital transformation in the automotive industry
Fatemeh Gheyasi Tabari seyed alireza mirarab saber khandanThe purpose of this research is to provide a model for the development of green investment in smart production systems based on digital transformation in the automotive industry. In this research, using the targeted snowball method, the opinions of 20 experts were used. MoreThe purpose of this research is to provide a model for the development of green investment in smart production systems based on digital transformation in the automotive industry. In this research, using the targeted snowball method, the opinions of 20 experts were used. The process of data analysis was carried out in two stages, which includes the identification of factors affecting the development of green investment in smart production systems based on digital transformation in the automobile industry through interview tools and using thematic analysis and research model design. Using the questionnaire tool and interpretive structural modeling method. The results of the research showed that the final model of the research has six main levels, and the component of developing the model of green investment and smart production (branding, localization, assembly or joint production) is placed in the sixth level of the model. Therefore, it is necessary to start the development of green investment in production systems based on digital transformation with the mentioned factor in order to provide the ground for the realization of other factors at higher levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Production planning in parallel production systems such as banks: A DEA-based approach
Sohrab Kordrostamia Alireza Amirteimoori Atefeh MasoumzadehaBanking industry in the world and especially in Iran are among those competitive organizations that active based on parallel production systems. So,production planning for the next period of activity is so sensitive, and important. To achieve these end, Decisions should MoreBanking industry in the world and especially in Iran are among those competitive organizations that active based on parallel production systems. So,production planning for the next period of activity is so sensitive, and important. To achieve these end, Decisions should forecastes short and long financial plans for next period. In many real word problems, there is production systems which are composed a finite number of production stations arranged in parallel. The problem of production planning and resource allocation in such systems is an important subject in DEA context. In this paper, the problem of resource allocation and production planning in parallel production systems has been studied. An aggregated DEA model is used to the production planning problem. An empirical example is used to illustrate the applicability to the proposed approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - تکنیک های اندازه گیری کارایی در حضور تولیدات نامطلوب
S. Masrouri AR. Amirteimoori S. Kordrostamiاندازه گیری کارایی در حضور خروجی های نامطلوب موضوع مهمی است که توجه محققان بسیاری را به خود جلب کرده است. مقالات متعددی در خصوص خروجی های نامطلوب در روند تولید وجود دارد که می توان آنها را به دو گروه تقسیم کرد. در گروه اول در روند مدل سازی خروجی های نامطلوب مانند ورودی Moreاندازه گیری کارایی در حضور خروجی های نامطلوب موضوع مهمی است که توجه محققان بسیاری را به خود جلب کرده است. مقالات متعددی در خصوص خروجی های نامطلوب در روند تولید وجود دارد که می توان آنها را به دو گروه تقسیم کرد. در گروه اول در روند مدل سازی خروجی های نامطلوب مانند ورودی ها در نظر گرفته می شوند در حالی که گروه دوم خروجی های نامطلوب را مانند خروجی ها در مدل در نظر می گیرند. در این مقاله رویکردهای متفاوت از این دوگروه برای دستیابی به یک رویکرد درست تحلیل می شود. با توجه به مثال های عددی ارائه شده، تکنولوژیی درست و کامل است که در آن از اصل دسترسی پذیری ضعیف استفاده شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Estimating Capacity Utilization in Two-Stage Production Systems: A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach
L. Zeinalzadeh R. Kazemi Matin AR. Amirteimoori -
Open Access Article
103 - Mathematical Model for Transmission Dynamics of Typhoid Fever With Optimal Control Strategies
Mamo Wameko Purnachandra Koya Alemu Wodajo -
Open Access Article
104 - ارائه یک مدل هدفگذاری مبتنی بر کارایی در ساختارهای سِری K مرحلهای
M. Homayounfar AR. Amirteimoori M. Goudarzvand- Cheginiتحلیل پوششی داده­ها به عنوان یک رویکرد اثربخش در ارزیابی کارایی نسبی واحدهای تصمیم­گیرنده، اخیراً در ارائه برنامه­های تولید در قالب تخصیص منابع و هدف­گذاری در بسیاری از سیستم­های تولیدی و عملیاتی مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. اغلب این سیستم­ها دار Moreتحلیل پوششی داده­ها به عنوان یک رویکرد اثربخش در ارزیابی کارایی نسبی واحدهای تصمیم­گیرنده، اخیراً در ارائه برنامه­های تولید در قالب تخصیص منابع و هدف­گذاری در بسیاری از سیستم­های تولیدی و عملیاتی مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. اغلب این سیستم­ها دارای ساختار شبکه­ای هستند که در آنها خروجی­های یک مرحله خاص، شاخص­های واسطه­ای هستند که ورودی­های مرحله بعد را تشکیل می­دهند. این مقاله یک مدل برنامه­ریزی خطی چند هدفه مبتنی بر تحلیل پوششی داده­های K مرحله­ای را که خروجی­های نامطلوب را مورد توجه قرار می­دهد، برای هدف­گذاری در ساختارهای شبکه­ای سری ارائه می­دهد. از آنجاییکه مدل پیشنهادی در هنگام ارائه ترکیب ورودی­ها / خروجی­ها، اندازه واحدهای تحت ارزیابی را مورد توجه قرار می­دهد، برنامه جدید شدنی بودن نتایج را تضمین می­کند. یک مثال واقعی از یک سیستم تولیدی برای نشان دادن کاربرد مدل پیشنهاد شده، استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می­دهند که بر اساس برنامه جدید، همه امتیازات کارایی بهبود یافته­اند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - ناکارایی متقاطع تحت فرض بازده به مقیاس متغیر در تحلیل پوششی دادهها
بهداد اسدی هادی ناصری فرهاد حسین زاده لطفیروش رتبهبندی کارایی متقاطع یکی از روشهای شناخته شده در تحلیل پوششی دادههاست که اغلب تحت فرض بازده به مقیاس ثابت به کار گرفته میشود. این در حالی است که کاربردهای فراوانی تحت فرض بازده به مقیاس متغیر موجود هستند. دلیل اصلی این امر، حضور مقادیر کارایی متقاطع منفی در فر Moreروش رتبهبندی کارایی متقاطع یکی از روشهای شناخته شده در تحلیل پوششی دادههاست که اغلب تحت فرض بازده به مقیاس ثابت به کار گرفته میشود. این در حالی است که کاربردهای فراوانی تحت فرض بازده به مقیاس متغیر موجود هستند. دلیل اصلی این امر، حضور مقادیر کارایی متقاطع منفی در فرض بازده به مقیاس متغیر با ماهیت ورودی است. در این مقاله، هر کارایی متقاطع با یک معیار فاصلهی معادل به عنوان شاخصی از ناکارایی جایگزین میشود. سپس، بر اساس معیار فاصله مذکور، روش ناکارایی متقاطع تحت فرض بازده به مقیاس متغیر توسعه داده میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - طراحی مدل ارزیابی کارایی شبکه ای تولید دو مرحله ای، با خروجی مطلوب و نامطلوب (مطالعه موردی صنعت تولید کره)
عاطفه شیروانی امیر عزیزیتعیین و سنجش کارایی، راهبردی مهم در تصمیم گیریها می باشد با توجه به شفاف نبودن میزان کارایی مراحل تولید در واحدهای تولیدکره گیری، هدف این پژوهش، طراحی مدل تحلیل پوششی داده ها برای ارزیابی کارایی مراحل تولید این واحدها میباشد.روش این پژوهش، که نوآوری این پژوهش برای این Moreتعیین و سنجش کارایی، راهبردی مهم در تصمیم گیریها می باشد با توجه به شفاف نبودن میزان کارایی مراحل تولید در واحدهای تولیدکره گیری، هدف این پژوهش، طراحی مدل تحلیل پوششی داده ها برای ارزیابی کارایی مراحل تولید این واحدها میباشد.روش این پژوهش، که نوآوری این پژوهش برای این جامعه پژوهشی میباشد بدین صورت است که، با الگوگیری از مدل تحلیل پوششی داده های شبکه ای خلیلی و شهمیر(2015) مدلی برای ارزیابی کارایی سیستم تولید دو مرحله ای با خروجی مطلوب و نامطلوب، ارایـه گردیده است .بدین منظور، با استفاده از داده های دقیق و قطعی سال1399 مربوط به بیست کارخانه تولید کره، با تحلیل پوششی داده های شبکهای، کارایی مراحل دوگانه به صورت جداگانه و به صورت یکپارچه ارزیابی گردید. در پایان مرحله اول، دو نوع خروجی مطلوب وجود دارد یک خروجی مطلوب خامه صبحانه وجود دارد که وارد مرحله دوم تولید نمی شود و برای فروش به بازار عرضه می گردد و یک خروجی مطلوب دیگر، خامه پاستوریزه می باشد که به مرحله دوم تولید منتقل می شود. در پایان مرحله دوم، یک خروجی مطلوب یعنی کره بسته بندی شده و یک خروجی نامطلوب که دوغ کره می باشد، به دست می آید.کارایی تمامی بیست واحد مورد ارزیابی و مقایسه قرار گرفتند. بنا به کارایی فرآیند کل، تنها یک واحد کارا وجود دارد . بنا به کارایی مرحله اول، نیز تنها یک واحد کارا از بین بیست واحد وجود دارد و بنا به مرحله دوم، دو واحد کارا وجود دارند. نتیجه ای که گرفته شده است این می باشد که این صنعت در استانهای تهران و البرز، دارای ناکارآمدی زیادی در مراحل تولید میباشد و لزوم توجه مدیران این صنعت برای افزایش کارایی، الزامی است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - یک الگوریتم برای ابرصفحه های سازای ضعیف PPS در تحلیل پوششی داده ها
علی اکبر بانی محسن رستمی مالخلیفه فرهاد حسین زاده لطفیدر تحلیل پوششی داده ها، نقاط مرزی مجموعه امکان تولید از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردارند. هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه روشی برای یافتن ابر صفحه های ضعیف مدل های DEA به کمک نقاط اتکا است. نقاط اتکا یک زیر مجموعه مهمی از مجموعه نقاط کارای رأسی مجموعه امکان تولید در DEA می باشد. آن ها با Moreدر تحلیل پوششی داده ها، نقاط مرزی مجموعه امکان تولید از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردارند. هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه روشی برای یافتن ابر صفحه های ضعیف مدل های DEA به کمک نقاط اتکا است. نقاط اتکا یک زیر مجموعه مهمی از مجموعه نقاط کارای رأسی مجموعه امکان تولید در DEA می باشد. آن ها با ابرصفحه های سازای ضعیف در مجموعه امکان تولید در ارتباط مستقیم هستند. بنابراین، ما از این خاصیت استفاده کردیم و یک الگوریتم کاربردی برای شناسایی ابرصفحه های سازای ضعیف PPS پیشنهاد کردیم. در نهایت، الگوریتم مان را به وسیله دو مثال عددی مورد ارزیابی قرار می دهیم. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - The Semi-Additive Production Technology in Presence Flexible Measures in DEA
J. Geramiتحلیل پوششی داده ها کارایی نسبی واحدهای تصمیم گیرنده را بر اساس ورودیها و خروجیهای آنها به دست می آورد. در موقعیتهای زیادی بعضی از متغیرها، برای یک واحد تصمیم گیرنده می توانند نقش ورودی یا خروجی را بازی کنند. ارائه یک مدل مناسب که بتواند کارایی واحد تحت ارزیابی را با Moreتحلیل پوششی داده ها کارایی نسبی واحدهای تصمیم گیرنده را بر اساس ورودیها و خروجیهای آنها به دست می آورد. در موقعیتهای زیادی بعضی از متغیرها، برای یک واحد تصمیم گیرنده می توانند نقش ورودی یا خروجی را بازی کنند. ارائه یک مدل مناسب که بتواند کارایی واحد تحت ارزیابی را با انتخاب صحیح نقش این متغیرها حداکثر کند دارای اهمیت می باشد. یکی از تکنولوژی های تولید در تحلیل پوششی دادهها، تکنولوژی شبه جمعی می باشد. این تکنولوژی علاوه بر واحدهای تصمیمگیرنده مشاهده شده، واحدهای تجمعی متناظر با آنها را نیز در ارزیابی کارایی در نظر می گیرد. در این مقاله در ابتدا تکنولوژی تولید شبه جمعی را در حضور اندازههای انعطاف پذیر بدست می آوریم. ما نشان میدهیم که واحدهای تجمعی متناظر با هر یک از واحدهای تصمیمگیرنده در حضور اندازه های انعطاف پذیر چگونه به دست می آیند. در ادامه دو تقریب متفاوت برای اندازه گیری کارایی واحدهای تصمیمگیرنده در حضور اندازه های انعطاف پذیر در تکنولوژی شبه جمعی ارائه می دهیم و به مقایسه مقادیر کارایی واحدها بر اساس این تقریب ها می پردازیم. همچنین تقریب های ارائه شده در این مقاله را برای ارزیابی کارایی مجموعه داده ها مربوط به واحدهای دانشگاهی به کار می¬بریم. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Stability analysis of the transmission dynamics of an HBV model
R. Akbari A. Vahidian Kamyad A. A. Heydari A. Heydari -
Open Access Article
110 - Impact of Outliers in Data Envelopment Analysis
A. Gholam ‎Abri‎ -
Open Access Article
111 - Evaluation of Environmental Efficiency and Shadow Price of Pollutants Determination in Khuzestan Province Meat Livestock
Habib Shahbazi Zahra GheitasiBackground and Objective: The growing environmental problem and then Added cost which create diverse environmental activities, led scientists to modify their efficiency and productivity models with well-liked products and undesirable products effects. Emissions of green MoreBackground and Objective: The growing environmental problem and then Added cost which create diverse environmental activities, led scientists to modify their efficiency and productivity models with well-liked products and undesirable products effects. Emissions of greenhouse gases from various sources, especially from agriculture sector, are one of the main causes of environmental pollution.Material and Methodology: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the environmental effecuency and determination of the shadow price of pollutants for meat dairy in Khuzestan province. In this study, 60 samples and a random fronteier production function model have been used by frontier functions using the maximum likelihood method and the FRONTIER econometric software.Findings: Results indicate that the technical efficiency of the meat livestock units of the province is 0.99 which could indicate that meat livestock units have relatively high technical efficiency. Also, the results of environmental efficiency of Khuzestan province meat livestock units have shown that the average environmental efficiency is 0.29. In fact, this level of environmental efficiency shows that meat livestock units in Khuzestan province have relatively low environmental performance.Discussion and Conclusion: In order to prevent inaccurate decisions in the field of management and development of economic activities without concern for environmental issues, planner, policymaker and investors, in addition of technical effciency, should use enviromental efficency as developing criteria of their acivites. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - An overview of the applications of chitin and chitosan in different industries
معصومه کردی nasser farokhiBackground and Objective: Chitin is found in the external skeleton of insects, the shell of crustaceans and the fungal cell wall. Chitin with the formula B-1, 4 N- acetyl glucosamine, it was first identified in 1884. Countries such as India, Japan, Poland and Australia MoreBackground and Objective: Chitin is found in the external skeleton of insects, the shell of crustaceans and the fungal cell wall. Chitin with the formula B-1, 4 N- acetyl glucosamine, it was first identified in 1884. Countries such as India, Japan, Poland and Australia are among the main producers of this biopolymer. Material and Methodology: In this research, the structure and importance of chitin and one of its valuable derivatives, chitosan, have been studied. Chitin is a hard substance with a crystalline structure and white color. The main source of industrial chitin production in the world is shell waste from shrimp and crab processing industries. Chitosan is a derivative of chitin obtained by deacetylation of chitin. In fact, chitosan is a composite polymer of glucose amine and N-acetylglucose amine, which are connected by 1 and 4 glycosidic bonds. Due to the presence of amino groups in the structure of chitosan, this substance has better solubility in acidic environments. Findings: Due to the unique properties of chitin and chitosan, its use in various industries such as water engineering, paper industry, textile industry, food processing, agriculture, laboratory (chromatography), solid state batteries, chitosan gel for LED, it has been reported in medical and biological fields including tissue engineering, wound healing/wound dressing, ophthalmology. Discussion and Conclusion: In general, chitin and chitosan are used in all mentioned fields. The use of these healthy and environmentally friendly compounds, especially in the field of medicine and other industries, is very economical and profitable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Ecotourism Valuation Rural Tourism Target of Malhamdare Village in Asadabad County of Hamedan Province
Habib ShahbaziEconomic valuation of environmental resources is allocated the great part of environmental economic studies. Environmental economist believed that economic valuation is necessary for environmental and services of non-market resources and denying of it will have results MoreEconomic valuation of environmental resources is allocated the great part of environmental economic studies. Environmental economist believed that economic valuation is necessary for environmental and services of non-market resources and denying of it will have results as regret in long run. When environmental functions tied to historical and rural heritage, results of non-valuation will have more prominents. The purpose of this study is determining the recreational value of Malhamdare village services (environmental and historical) in Asadabad County (Hamedan Province). So, for this, individual travel cost method is used in household production function framework for years of 2015. The results show that the time, distance and costs of travel are effective factors on production recreation and recreation marginal cost, with the assumption of competitive conditions, is equivalent to 1397650.2 Rials per days which is shadow price of recreation. Also demand for recreation has negative relationship with the shadow price of recreation and has a positive relationship with income. On the other hand, visitor’s willingness to pay has a significant and positive relationship with quality of the environment, education level, age and marriage status of visitor. So, increasing environmental quality and preparing facilities in Malhamdare village by private sector investing will have increased environmental, recreation and ecotourism value of Malhamdare village. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Land suitability classification for sustainable use in Aq qaleh area
Siroos Shakeri Aziz MoameniThis research was conducted to investigate land suitability classification for better use of agricultural lands and sustained crop production crops in Aq qaleh area, using geographic information system. Soil units were delineated bases on aerial photo interpretation, us MoreThis research was conducted to investigate land suitability classification for better use of agricultural lands and sustained crop production crops in Aq qaleh area, using geographic information system. Soil units were delineated bases on aerial photo interpretation, using topographic maps as auxiliary materials. Land suitability classification was done based on information extracted from soil map, using guidelines given in FAO (9). The rating given in sys et al (16,17) was used to match soil properties and crop requirements. The results obtained showed that climate and soil related factors constraint economic and sustainable production in this area. So that the majority of the of the studied area fall in land suitability class N2 for the selected crops. Even if soil salinity and sodicity, the two major soil limitation factors in the Aq qaleh area are removed, then the studied area is only marginally suitable for production of the rainfed wheat while rainfed barley and irrigated cotton can be grown expending moderate economic return Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - A Survey and Analysis of Production and Management of Medical Waste in Golestan Province, Iran
Mazdak Dorbeiki Hooman Bahmanpour Ataollah Golalipour Ali Ghaemi Morteza MallahMedical waste is one of the challenges of the modern society which its poor management has undesirable impacts on the environment and human health. The present research addresses the current situation of medical wastes in Golestan province in the North of Iran. This is MoreMedical waste is one of the challenges of the modern society which its poor management has undesirable impacts on the environment and human health. The present research addresses the current situation of medical wastes in Golestan province in the North of Iran. This is a descriptive analysis that includes data collection, field survey, and Iranian Department of the Environment (DOE) standard questionnaires for management and monitoring of medical waste in hospitals of the province. The results show that 25 hospitals with 2247 active beds produce 3574 and 2252 domestic and hazardous waste per day, respectively. The waste generation is 2.59 kg/day/bed (1 and 1.59 kg for hazardous and domestic, respectively). Disinfection process in 88% of all hospitals is active and 44% and 52% of the hospitals have done outsourcing, respectively. Disinfection methods include chemical, steam autoclave and dry heat which the second method is the most frequent in most hospitals. Also, 16 hospitals provide monitoring self-reports. The overall situation of medical waste management in the hospitals of Golestan province is average. Considering the change of environmental situation of the country in the future years, the management of this type of wastes should be more serious and it is necessary to design and implement operational programmes for optimum management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Land suitability classification for sustainable use in Aq qaleh area
siroos Shakeri aziz MoameniThis research was conducted to investigate land suitability classification for better use of agricultural lands and sustained crop production crops in Aq qaleh area, using geographic information system. Soil units were delineated bases on aerial photo interpretation, us MoreThis research was conducted to investigate land suitability classification for better use of agricultural lands and sustained crop production crops in Aq qaleh area, using geographic information system. Soil units were delineated bases on aerial photo interpretation, using topographic maps as auxiliary materials. Land suitability classification was done based on information extracted from soil map, using guidelines given in FAO (9). The rating given in sys et al (16,17) was used to match soil properties and crop requirements. The results obtained showed that climate and soil related factors constraint economic and sustainable production in this area. So that the majority of the of the studied area fall in land suitability class N2 for the selected crops. Even if soil salinity and sodicity, the two major soil limitation factors in the Aq qaleh area are removed, then the studied area is only marginally suitable for production of the rainfed wheat while rainfed barley and irrigated cotton can be grown expending moderate economic return. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Producing Renewable Energy from Food Processing Wastes
Zohreh DidarFood processing plants consume huge amount of energy for converting raw material to final product so food industry accounts as one of seven high consumption industries. This industry as well as high energy requirement, producing large amount of solid and liquid wastes. MoreFood processing plants consume huge amount of energy for converting raw material to final product so food industry accounts as one of seven high consumption industries. This industry as well as high energy requirement, producing large amount of solid and liquid wastes. These wastes basically contain biodegradable organic compounds that their discharge to environment could cause serious pollution. Generally, large amount of these solid wastes discharge to landfill and liquid ones to rivers and oceans without any treatment. Recently, the strict environmental legislations restrict discharge of wastes to environment, so discharge of these materials is a big challenge for food industry. (Increasing the price of fuel and high cost of energy, encourage the researchers for finding approaches for producing low cost and green energy sources from food wastes). In this article some of the most important ways for converting food wastes to different form of energy such as biodiesel, Gasification, Anaerobic digestion, Thermal liquefaction and ethanol production is discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - A Comparative Study of Perception in novel of Joyce's "Dublinians" and Sadegh Hedayat's "Zendeh Begour"
Mohammad Karimi Nasser MalekiThe theory of perception is based on the assumption that the audience, itself, produces meaning. In this theory, each audience, based on their social, historical situation and mental experience, has an understanding of the text, which raises his perception, understandin MoreThe theory of perception is based on the assumption that the audience, itself, produces meaning. In this theory, each audience, based on their social, historical situation and mental experience, has an understanding of the text, which raises his perception, understanding and expectation of what is, and he is no longer the audience before reading the text. One of the writing methods of James Joyce (1882-1941) and Sadegh Hedayat (1902-1951) is to use the elements of the theory of perception. They have been able to engage readers well with the text. The main purpose of this article is to find examples of elements of perception theory (open space, open end, unexpected end, uncertain chains, reference to parts of another text, writing based on cultural context and question design) that has been conducted using descriptive-analytical method and library research method. The authors of the article intend to investigate and explain methods of Hedayat and Joyce's use of the theory of perception by providing examples from the stories of the book "Dublinians" and the collection of stories "Zandeh Begour". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - A Study on Quranic Studies Position in Universal Science Production by Science Measurement Techniques
Ali Akbar Khasseh Saeed Sadeqi Ibrahim Ezzati Saeed GhaffariThe aim of the current paper is to analyze and study the position of Quranic researches in universal science production by applying science measurement techniques. Statistical population is made of the Quranic studies which figured out during 20 years in ISI (Thomson Re MoreThe aim of the current paper is to analyze and study the position of Quranic researches in universal science production by applying science measurement techniques. Statistical population is made of the Quranic studies which figured out during 20 years in ISI (Thomson Reuters) Web of Science. The findings show prove that in the abovementioned duration 1479 researches in the field of Quran have been recorded in Web of Science in which only 70 belongs to Iran. According to results, The United States of America stands in the first position by 337 Quranic research and Islamic Republic of Iran in the fourth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Jurisprudence study of the relation and its legal effects in human simulation
mostafa ameri siahooyi alireza asgari mohammad mahdi ahmadi ahmad moradkhaniSimulation or cloning is one of the nascent methods of the medical world in the treatment of infertility, which, unlike normal reproduction, is a living creature without fertilization and a combination of a physical cell and a sexual cell. The right to assign the child MoreSimulation or cloning is one of the nascent methods of the medical world in the treatment of infertility, which, unlike normal reproduction, is a living creature without fertilization and a combination of a physical cell and a sexual cell. The right to assign the child to his or her parent is one of the most fundamental human rights. This article attempts to answer the questions and challenges in the jurisprudential review of the status of parental affairs in a child. Here, reproduction of the dual origin (parent) is compared to the genetic characteristics of the child and reproduction simulations of the parent (father or mother), and, moreover, the simulation license in the context of the conjugation relationship or the outside It is also being discussed. Every available ideas gives different results that various aspects of it are considered in the judgments of the Imams, and, finally, it is stated that, firstly, there is a relation in simulation. Secondly, the parent and the owner of the cell Cloned as the child's parent, that is, the owner of the cell and the child derived from the owner of the cell, are also twins. Also, the works of Nasab will be include the respect of marriage, custody of the child, Qahiri province, the obligation to spend, and inheritance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Effects of the prebiotic Inuline on functional of reproduction, gonad development, fecundity and sex ratio in Danio rerio
مهدیه فدایی احسان احمدی فر طیبه عنایت غلامپورThe use of probiotics and prebiotics for increasing the growth and resistance against disease are well documented in aquaculture but work on the effects of probiotics and prebiotics on the reproductive performance of fish, especially on ornamental fish, are lacking. We MoreThe use of probiotics and prebiotics for increasing the growth and resistance against disease are well documented in aquaculture but work on the effects of probiotics and prebiotics on the reproductive performance of fish, especially on ornamental fish, are lacking. We conducted a study to determine the effects of probiotic on gonad development, reproductive performance of Danio rerio. In this study, a diet based on a control diet (T0) and three experimental diets consisted of three levels of inulin: 1 (T1), 2 (T2) and 3 (T3) and these treatments were done with three replicated. The juveniles were fed experimental diets for eight weeks (until adulthood: average weight: 1.67 gr, average length: 5.4 cm). In this experiment reproductive performance in terms of egg diameter, absolute fecundity, sex ratio, gonadosomatic index, number of larvae, survival of juveniles and gonad development were examined. The results showed that probiotic treatments, reproductive performance including egg diameter, survival larvae, absolute fecundity, Gonadosomatic Index, length and weight of larvae in treatment T2 and T3 were significantly higher than other treatments (P <0.05). Also the results showed that the prebiotic inulin does not have a significant impact on the sex ratio in zebrafish (P> 0.05). According to the histology of the gonads, the use of dietary inulin accelerates the process of gonad development in zebrafish. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Design and Manufacture of Automatic Vial Filling Machine and Radiopharmaceutical transmission at Hot Lab Imaging Center
Milad Mohamadi Parviz ZobdehIntroduction:The purposes of design and Manufacturing of this device are providing an automation prototype system for radiopharmaceuticals preparing and transferring, increasing the safety and staff radiation protection, increasing the work accuracy, using the most stan MoreIntroduction:The purposes of design and Manufacturing of this device are providing an automation prototype system for radiopharmaceuticals preparing and transferring, increasing the safety and staff radiation protection, increasing the work accuracy, using the most standard parts, reducing the number of parts and providing the design principles of production and assembly. Material and methods: Library research method and technical experiments were used to collect information. The proposed design is a theoretical-practical plan, and according to the existing systems of radiopharmaceutical generators is presented, this design was evaluated theoretically by providing the technical drawings at the first, then its mechanical sections were designed and the prototype was made. Results: According to direct relationship between low-dose radiation over long periods and the possible effects of radiation, especially cancer, and also the current trend of using radiopharmaceuticals in medical centers may increase the risks of radiation, the findings show that the use of this system in imaging centers will significantly reduce these risks. Conclusion: The design and construction of an intelligent device prototype was conducted for preparing and transferring radiopharmaceuticals in the hot lab section of medical imaging centers next to the Tc-Mo generator in order to mechanize the process of placing the vials on the generator and then removing the vials containing Tc99m and moving them. This system will significantly prevent unwanted radiation when milking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - The Relationship between BPA Concentration Increasing and Changes of the Expression of Notch1-3 and Caspase 3/7 Genes in the Cumulus Cells of Infertile Women with Poor Ovarian Response
Somayeh Aftabsavad Zahra Noor Mohammadi Ashraf Moeini Morteza KarimipoorIntroduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between BPA concentration and alterations of Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 genes expression in the cumulus cells of infertile women with poor ovarian stimulation response (POR) fol MoreIntroduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between BPA concentration and alterations of Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 genes expression in the cumulus cells of infertile women with poor ovarian stimulation response (POR) following the antagonist protocol.Materials and Methods: In this case-control study performed on 80 POR patients under 35 years of age, with 4-9 oocyte in puncture date, patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 40 POR women who used plastic containers and the second group consisted of 40 POR women who used less plastic containers. Changes in the expression of Notch and Caspase genes in cumulus cells were evaluated usingQ-PCR technique.Results: In the POR patients, the expression of Notch1-3 genes in the first group was significantly lower than the second group (p<0.05). In contrast, the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 genes in the first group was significantly higher than the second group (p<0.05).On the other hand, in both groups, was a statistically significant correlation (p<0.05) between the expression levels of Notch1-3, Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 genes and quality of Oocytes. Also, concentration of BPA in the follicular fluids of the first group was higher compared to the second group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Alterations in the expression of Notch and Caspase genes in POR patients are associated with increased BPA concentration. Also, Increasing of the BPA concentration can be considered as an effective factor on the reducing of reproduction and oocyte growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Text Editing, Thought Interpretation Review of Editing Method of Nasir Khusrow Collection
firooz esmaeilzade Dr. Mehdi MohagheghNasir Khusrow Collection edited by Professor Mojtaba Minovi and Dr Mehdi Mohaghegh is one of the valuable Persian text which has been provided through scientific and research method. Therefore the value of this text will not merely be for its editing and with deep metic MoreNasir Khusrow Collection edited by Professor Mojtaba Minovi and Dr Mehdi Mohaghegh is one of the valuable Persian text which has been provided through scientific and research method. Therefore the value of this text will not merely be for its editing and with deep meticulous observation can perceive that these two Full Professors of historian, language, philosophy and Persian literature and also Arab literature have reproduced a remarkable masterpiece so that the editing of this text apart from reporting and analysing and even interpretation lies beyond other works or provides further interpretation and understanding. The immense knowledge of Professor Minovi in history and culture and especially text editing along with the mastery of Dr Mohaghegh in language, and his knowledge of religious and the difference of Islamic and current science have helped to clarify Nasir Khusrow Collection. Professor Minovi’s work in methodology and seeking for certainty of text along with Dr Mohaghegh way in recognising the theme of Nasir Khusrow’s poem expressing two theories in the text. The second glance at the text (Dr Mohaghegh’s method) in addition to better understanding helps the continuity of concept and interpretation. In this research two interpretations and the knowledge of Professor Minovi and Professor Mohaghegh in editing text has been studied in collaboration in order to be a valuable source for researchers in editing field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - The Methods of Quasicrystals Producing
H Bakhtiari M Abaei M. R Rahimipour M Farvizi M. J Eshraghi -
Open Access Article
126 - An Analysis of the Effect of Different Types of Tax on Production and Inflation with an Emphasis on Value-Added Tax and Income Tax
Omid Ahmadi Arash Jahangiri Babadi khatereh AlemiPurpose: The purpose of the present study is to recognize and analyze short-term and long-term effects of income tax and value-added tax on these 2 macroeconomic criteria from 1991 to 2021. Considering the result of the unit root test and the stationarity of the variabl MorePurpose: The purpose of the present study is to recognize and analyze short-term and long-term effects of income tax and value-added tax on these 2 macroeconomic criteria from 1991 to 2021. Considering the result of the unit root test and the stationarity of the variables at the level and with an interval, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method was used to estimate the coefficients.Results: The results show that both models (dependent variable of the first model: inflation, dependent variable of the second model: gross domestic product) have long-term relation. In the first model, the results indicate that taxes have inflationary effects in the long term. On the other hand, contrary to the expectation of some experts, imposing taxes would improve GDP in the long term. Moreover, the value of ECT (-1) for both models is as expected and equal to -0.775 and-0.901 which means returning to long-term balance in less than 2 periods after the shock.Conclusion: It is suggested that by studying other macroeconomic variables, more attention will be paid to their evaluation and effectiveness on the variables of macroeconomics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Investigating the Relationship Between Training Climate with Perceived Organizational Performance Dimensions in a Private Production Factory
Amin Barazandeh Hamid Atashpour Mohsen GolparvarThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between training climate with perceived organizational performance dimensions to detect the predictable effects of training climate on organizational performance dimensions. The statistical population was c MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between training climate with perceived organizational performance dimensions to detect the predictable effects of training climate on organizational performance dimensions. The statistical population was consisted of 450 participants in a private production factory in Broujen, from which, 203 people were selected using simple random sampling. The research questionnaires included the general training climate questionnaire with 15 items (Tracy & Tews, 2005) and leadership (8 items), policies and strategies (5 items), costumer focus (5 items) and resources and information management (5 items) fields from organizational assessment questionnaire (Atashpour, Hoseini & Samsamshariat, 2011). Data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis by using SPSS18 software. Results showed that: There were significant positive correlations between training climate dimensions with the dimensions of perceived organizational performance (except for the relationship between organizational support and costumer focus) (P 0 . 01). Stepwise regression analysis showed training climate can predict the dimensions of perceived organizational performance in leadership, policies and strategies, customer focus and resources and information management fields. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Identification of Effective Indexes on Employees Quality of Work Life among Production Employees: A Qualitative Research Based on Phenomenological Method
Amin Barazandeh Hosein Samavatian Mohammad Reza AbediThe purpose of this study was to identify the indexes affecting the employees quality of work life in order to achieve a native pattern in this field. The statistical population of the research included all employees of the manufacturing sector of the NahanGol productio MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify the indexes affecting the employees quality of work life in order to achieve a native pattern in this field. The statistical population of the research included all employees of the manufacturing sector of the NahanGol production and industrial company at Borujen, including 15 subjects, based on the purposeful sampling principle in qualitative research. Data collection tools in this research were based on qualitative research principles including interview and observation. The data were analyzed based on Colaizzi 's method in phenomenological research. The results showed that quality of work life has a total of 16 themes including incentives, salaries and benefits, effective training climate, organizational reputation, independence of practice, participation, empathic relationships, occupational factors, accident prevention, job security, extra-organizational factors, perceived justice, meaningfulness, spirituality, and corporate social responsibility along with 30 related sub-themes. Discovering new themes and sub-themes and their fit with cultural region is one of the innovations in this research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Semiotic Mediums of Meaning-Making in Oral Reproduction Course in TEFL
Seyyed Mohammad Ali Soozandehfar -
Open Access Article
130 - Critical theory impact on the curriculum studies theorizing
Sirus Mansoori Mohammad Hasan Karimi Majid Kowsary Meimanat Abedini BaltorkCritical theory in recent decades have been affected field of education and curriculum studies that its results are emergence of terms and theories such as the reproduction theory, resistance theory and hidden curriculum that used frequently in educational texts. The ge MoreCritical theory in recent decades have been affected field of education and curriculum studies that its results are emergence of terms and theories such as the reproduction theory, resistance theory and hidden curriculum that used frequently in educational texts. The general idea of critical theorists that generally are Neo-Marxist is based on conflict between the dominant and the dominated in education. This paper has examined at analysis approach, both study of critical theory, and also theories derived from the field of curriculum studies. In addition, given the criticisms and then its application to curriculum. Theories and key concepts derived from critical theory are including the reproduction theory, resistance theory and hidden curriculum which are discussed in this article. Reproduction theory is following this idea that educational system and the curriculum by providing specific conditions to reproduce the existing culture and is in domination hands. Hidden curriculum refers to the fact that in the context of the school curriculum, but conscious, students push gives to the ruling system. Resistance theory that the human factor at this point important is believed that Students and down stairs in the school curriculum is resistant to existence curriculum. Finally, the paper looks at the application of some elements of the curriculum based on critical theory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - The participation of Iranian researchers in the field of science curriculum World
mohammad hossein zarei ahamdreza nasrScience as a social and historical reality requires an understanding of each other and exchange of scientists and their ideas.For this reason, throughout history, a complex network of communication and cooperation in scientific research and scientific works are framed a MoreScience as a social and historical reality requires an understanding of each other and exchange of scientists and their ideas.For this reason, throughout history, a complex network of communication and cooperation in scientific research and scientific works are framed and have produced many valuable Scientometric research, scientific production is usually associated with another group of researchers is studied.The method of assessment, the participation of 95 Iranian research articles indexed in the ISI database between 1992 and the end of February 2015 were reviewed. The data were extracted from the database ISI Mvrrd data manually extracted and evaluated.Then analyzed using SPSS software version 20 was necessary.Results showed that the citations to papers and articles by Iranian authors in collaboration with foreign authors, there is a significant difference, So that the average citations to papers and articles by authors only 72/2 Iranian foreign authors carried out in partnership with 65/7 that the difference is statistically significant. Between the citation (s) there was no difference according to gender. And the number of authors and citations to the articles of association was not significant. However, Articles by 12 authors With an average of 34 citations earned the highest average and Articles 7 and 10 of author Mean only one citation lowest average earned This difference is statistically significant.These results suggest that increased international cooperation leads to the increase in the number of citations The Sex and the authors did not increase the number of citations. With this result, researchers in different countries, international participation in the forefront of their business why can participate in international science and international experience has arrived Provide scientific background and professional career growth and improvement of business activities can also cause. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Explanation of the university social status and cultural reproduction with an emphasis on the opposite factors of the hidden curriculum: concerning the university applicable consideration design
mehdi sobhani nejad نجمه احمدآبادی آرانی azad محمدی صمد محمدیThis study intended to explain the university social status and cultural reproduction for the purpose of the university applicable consideration based on the opposite factors of the hidden curriculum. This research was carried out based on the analytic-descriptive MoreThis study intended to explain the university social status and cultural reproduction for the purpose of the university applicable consideration based on the opposite factors of the hidden curriculum. This research was carried out based on the analytic-descriptive method; during which deduction was according to context analysis and re-contextualization. The research population was consisted of those theoretical textbooks which were related to the purpose of the study. Data, then, were gathered using indexing forms.The findings showed that the opposite elements of hidden curriculum in high education could be effective in establishing the position and attitude of social status and cultural reproduction of the student of special classes; whereas, it could be effective in disappointing middle and low class students from changing their present situation and condition. This happening which is under the effect of the opposite factors of high education hidden curriculum is conspicuous in some of the present research documents. Hence, at the end, a list of the practical sample considerations on the different dimensions of the opposite factors of the hidden curriculum is presented; among which are: making educational justice, emphasizing the critical and dialectic methods, decreasing the bureaucracy to display the capabilities of the different classes in the university activities (scientific, research, cultural, and student centered activities), emphasizing on the multicultural curriculum, focusing on the qualitative evaluation instead of quantities evaluation, applying active teaching strategies and changing the educational environments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Analysis of scientific products in the field of augmented reality technology in education
Jabiz Golzar Moghadam Marjan Kian Masoud Geramipour yousef Mahdavi NasabThe purpose of this study is to investigate the status of scientific production in the field of augmented reality technology in education. The present study is of applied and scientometric type and in doing it, bibliometric and social network analysis techniques have be MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the status of scientific production in the field of augmented reality technology in education. The present study is of applied and scientometric type and in doing it, bibliometric and social network analysis techniques have been used. Accordingly, for data collection, research-related keywords were searched and identified between 2010 and 2020 using the Scopus database. Vosviewer software was used to analyze the data and visualize the obtained information.The statistical population of the present study is 582 documents in the relevant field. Analyzes include: frequency of publication of relevant research, countries with the most relevant documents, scientific centers with the most relevant research, most prolific authors in this field, communication clustering of keywords and drawing a network of cooperation of authors in the relevant field. The results of the studies show that the frequency of publication of related sources is still increasing; among the countries with the most related research, the United States is in first place and Spain and Indonesia in second and third place. Most printed documents are articles and the busiest field in this regard is social sciences. These keywords are placed in 6 thematic clusters. The most relevant words in the main cluster are augmented reality, learning, student, teacher, curriculum planning, and interaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Curriculum characteristics and needs of the generation z: A research synthesis
zahra parvazimoghadam korush fathi vajargah Kambiz Poshneh Ali Akbar Khosravi BabadiWith its unique characteristics, developed in digital media and realistic society, Generation Z needs special attention in the field of education and training. The current research was done to identify the curriculum suitable for generation z (internet generation). From MoreWith its unique characteristics, developed in digital media and realistic society, Generation Z needs special attention in the field of education and training. The current research was done to identify the curriculum suitable for generation z (internet generation). From the point of view of the applied goal, the study has a qualitative approach and a research synthesis method. Sampling was purposeful and based on the entry criteria in the period of 2000-2020 and 2019-2020. The exploration community of 145 papers and theses was linked and grounded on the exit criteria of 65 exploration papers, named as samples for analysis. Data analysis was done grounded on Roberts' 6- step model. Two observers were used to recode the findings, order was used to confirm the Cohen's Kappa measure formula, and the agreement between the observers was 0.74..Based on the known codes, the composition of the curriculum tailored to the characteristics of a generation z need. Features embrace 17components and 4 principles (generational concept of generation-z characteristics, generational preferences, and generational needs) and a curriculum suitable for generation-z characteristics with 27 components and 10 topics including argument, goals, curriculum orientation, content, learning activity and experience, characteristics of generation z teachers, teacher training trends, teacher professional development, adaptation to educational environments, digital learning tools, and resources. The necessity of generational conceptualization within the curriculum and the characteristics and professional growth and educational orientation of teachers have been researched more than other components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Canopy cover and production estimation and susceptible areas locating of Sumac (Rhus coriaria) cultivation in Khakriz rangelands of Ardabil province
Seyed Abolfazl Seyedi Kaleybar Farid Dadjou Ahad Hasanzadeh Hasan Mollazadeh AslThe aim of this study was to investigate the canopy cover and seed production of medicinal-economic Sumac (Rhus coriaria) seeds and locating susceptible areas of Sumac in rangelands of Khakriz village, Bilesavar County, Ardabil province. For this purpose, three sites (a MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the canopy cover and seed production of medicinal-economic Sumac (Rhus coriaria) seeds and locating susceptible areas of Sumac in rangelands of Khakriz village, Bilesavar County, Ardabil province. For this purpose, three sites (a total of 60 hectares) with Sumac cover and in each site three transects were parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the slope with intervals of 100 meters, were established. Along each transect used 10 plots of five square meters with 20-meter intervals using a random-systematic sampling (a total of 90 plots) and the position of each plot was recorded using GPS. Sumac seeds in each plot were harvested by clipping and weighted method. Maps of environmental factors (elevation, slope, aspect, annual precipitation, and temperature) created using digital elevation models (DEM) in ArcGIS and then values of each environmental factor extracted for each Sumac site and the questionnaire of ratings were completed in this regard. Then, to determine the areas susceptible to cultivating Sumac in the Khakriz rangelands, the analytic network process (ANP) method, was used. The results showed that the areas with Sumac cover had 657.88 kg/ha seed production and 263.12 kg/ha of powdered seed production. The results of ANP indicated that 157.12 hectares of the area were very suitable, 138.10 hectares were suitable, 110.60 hectares were medium, 46.01 hectares were poor and 46.17 hectares were unsuitable for Sumac cultivating. The results can be used to exploit, cultivate and increase the cover of Sumac in specified areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Forage production suitability modeling in Sarab Sefid rangeland of Borujerd by Geographic Information System (GIS)
Ali Ariapour Moslem Hadidi Fazel Amiri Ali Hossein BiranvandForage production suitability is one of the most factors to the sustainable utilization of natural potential by rangeland grazing suitability. To determine this factor in short time, low cost and height accuracy is most challenges of expertise and ranchers. Using a suit MoreForage production suitability is one of the most factors to the sustainable utilization of natural potential by rangeland grazing suitability. To determine this factor in short time, low cost and height accuracy is most challenges of expertise and ranchers. Using a suitable technique for this subject can be sustainable utilization comprising from rangeland ecosystems, according to its degradation and heavy grazing. This research was conducted in Borujerd Sarab Sefid rangeland from 2001 to 2012. Slope, aspect and height maps provided by using satellite imagery, basic information and analog maps and digitized maps such as; topographic and DEM (Digital Elevation Model). Also measurement of field conducted by using clipping and weighting method for estimation of forage, four factors method to range condition, trend balance to range condition trend and physiognomy to typing. Forage production, range condition, ranges condition, trend and typing maps integrated with obtaining and digitized field data in ARCGIS®9.3 software. At least to become changed to final forage production, sustainability this maps in software by using unity command. Result show that from 16 types, 4 types were in non sustainable, 8 types in class III, 2 types in class II and 2 types in class I of sustainability. As a final conclusion this research and other research show that uses RS and GIS can useful for sustainable management of rangeland ecosystems with height accuracy and speed and low cost if considered standards and criteria of using GIS and RS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Molecular detection of coronavirus causing infectious bronchitis in laying hens with cystic oviduct and quantitative and qualitative reduction of egg production
Maryam Jalahi Majid Gholami-AhangarnBackground and Aim: In this study, the contribution of IB coronavirus in egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome was investigated.Methods: nine laying hen flocks attected to egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrom and 10 laying farms with a health MoreBackground and Aim: In this study, the contribution of IB coronavirus in egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome was investigated.Methods: nine laying hen flocks attected to egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrom and 10 laying farms with a healthy appearance were sampled. In addition, 6 farms with cystic oviduct were sampled in laying flocks, in Isfahan province. After extracting the genome, a fragment of 1200 bp of coronavirus S1 gene was amplified for identification of IB.Results: Out of 9 laying farms with quantitative and qualitative egg reduction syndrome and 10 apparently healthy farms, respectively 7 and 4 farms (78 and 40%) were infected with IB coronavirus based at least one positive sample. Out of 59 samples from farms with egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome, 32 samples (54.2%) and out of 66 samples taken from apparently healthy farms, 7 samples (10.6%) were evaluated positive for IB coronavirus. In this study, all 6 farms with cystic oviduct had at least one positive sample for IB coronavirus and 31 samples out of 41 samples (73.17%) infected with IB coronavirus.Conclusion: IB coronavirus has a high share in the syndrome of quantitative and qualitative reduction of egg production in laying hens, but not all cases can be attributed to this virus and other infectious and non-infectious factors should be monitored. Due to the high frequency of this virus in cystic oviduct, it is necessary to identify the viral types that induce this disorder and to develop an appropriate control program. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Designing a cultural marketing management model with the approach of supporting the production of domestic sports products and goods
jahanbakhsh anbarian mojtaba shahnoushi saeed sharifiAbstract:Objective: The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a cultural marketing management model with the approach of supporting the production of domestic sports products and goods.Methodology: In terms of purpose, the current research is an appli MoreAbstract:Objective: The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a cultural marketing management model with the approach of supporting the production of domestic sports products and goods.Methodology: In terms of purpose, the current research is an applied research type, and in terms of method type, it is considered a mixed research method. The use of qualitative research methods, such as case studies, focus group interviews, theory based on data, action research, etc., only study the non-quantitative aspects of phenomena and alone cannot reveal the reality of phenomena related to management. and fulfill all the objectives of this research. . Therefore, it is necessary to use both qualitative and quantitative research methods to understand the management issues and to understand the reality of the constituent elements of the management organization. Quantitative research considers a part of the target statistical population by using sampling methods and collects the desired information by sending survey forms (online or manual) in the form of questionnaires, etc. The results of the statistical analysis of such data make quantitative research results. The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of marketing experts and cultural managers who were semi-structured interviewed based on the information saturation of 15 participants. And in a small part, they were those who are active in the field of production, distribution and sale of cultural products. And based on Cochran's formula and sample size related to the number of variables in structural equation modeling, 250 people were selected as a sample. For data analysis, we used MAX QDA software in the qualitative section and SPSS and smartPLS software in the descriptive and inferential statistics sections. Findings: The findings showed that the factor loading values of all the items are greater than 0.4 and therefore the measurement model is a homogeneous model and the factor loading values are acceptable values. The results of the significance analysis of the t-statistic values showed that the t-statistic values for all items were reported to be greater than 2.58. This means that the relationship between the items with their respective latent variable is accepted at the confidence level of 99%. Model predictive power or shared redundancy is a measure to check the structural model. The purpose of this index is to check the ability of the structural model in forecasting by ignoring method. The most famous and well-known criterion for measuring this ability is the Q2 index, based on this criterion, the model should predict the indicators of the reflective endogenous hidden variable. The values obtained from this test are positive, which indicates the appropriate quality of the structural model. The results showed that the prediction power of the model is strong. Conclusion: The results showed that the strengthening of the private sector, optimal market management, planning and organization of production products in line with the promotion and sale of local cultural goods are the most important effective factors. Also, cultural marketing management strategies in the form of a specialized perspective, understanding the dimensions Cultural marketing, academic attitude to cultural marketing, empowerment, international interactions in order to manage cultural marketing as best as possible have been identified in this research.Keywords: marketing, cultural marketing, supporting national production, sports products and goods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - A review of sustainable weed management in soybean
rahman khakzad Rasoul Loghmanpour ZariniWeed management is an essential element of successful crop production. In recent years, an exponential rise in human population and drastic changes in climate and production techniques have intensified the crop production systems and increased the weed infestations. The MoreWeed management is an essential element of successful crop production. In recent years, an exponential rise in human population and drastic changes in climate and production techniques have intensified the crop production systems and increased the weed infestations. The evolution of herbicide resistance in a large number of weed species across the world has further aggravated the situation. These circumstances require sustainable weed management tools that can be used effectively to achieve decent crop yields without affecting the environment and ecosystem services negatively. Some of the conventional weed control methods, including the use of preventive measures, tillage and mechanical control, crop competition, soil coverage, crop rotations and crop diversification, are still effective and ecofriendly. No single weed management tactic has proven to be the “magic bullet” for eliminating weed problems, given the nature of weed communities, but a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms that influence the success or failure of weeds in agro-ecosystems will further favor the development and adoption of sustainable weed management systems for agricultural crops. Although the ecologically-based, cultural and physical weed control methods have great potential for sustainable weed management, herbicides cannot be completely left out. In fact, herbicides could be an effective tool in an integrated weed management kit. However, the true integrated weed management strategies must have a balance between chemical and non-chemical options that can be used judiciously in order to achieve a reasonable weed control. Sustainable weed management is an achievable goal provided that efforts are made to diversify the management. In this paper, we will review the most common conventional soybean weed management strategies from a sustainability perspective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Life table parameters of Tuta absoluta (Lep:, Gelechiidae) at different constant temperatures under laboratory conditions
Rahil AsadiThe tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), is a key insect pest of tomato in Iran and many other countries. The experiment initiated with 100 newly eggs and they were monitored daily in order to record the different development stages mortality. Also daily fecundity MoreThe tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), is a key insect pest of tomato in Iran and many other countries. The experiment initiated with 100 newly eggs and they were monitored daily in order to record the different development stages mortality. Also daily fecundity per female was recorded. This experiment that started by 20 female continued until death of all adult females. The effects of different constant temperatures, as the most important bioclimatic factor, on the life table and population growth parameters of tomato leafminer were determined under controlled laboratory conditions at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C, 60 ± 5 % RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. From the survival rate and fecundity schedule of T. absoluta at each constant temperature, the population growth parameters including net reproduction rate (R0), intrinsic rates of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), mean generation time (T) and doubling time (DT) were calculated with Jackknife method and SAS statistical software. According to the results, the highest and lowest survival rates at the beginning of adult emergence were 0.93 and 0.43 at 20°C and 35°C, respectively. Life expectancy of newly laid eggs were 46.23, 35.17, 29.53, 17.11 and 10.81 days and at the beginning of adult emergence were 27.22, 21.63, 16.33, 9.56 and 5.31 days at above temperatures, respectively. The lowest and highest values of intrinsic rate of increase were 0.07 ± 0.01 at 35°C and 0.21 ± 0.01 (d-1) at 20°C, respectively. The values of net reproductive rate were 3.31, 43.05, 37.54, 20.03 and 7.74 (females/female) at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C, respectively. The values of finite rate of increase at tested temperature were 1.01, 1.27, 1.14, 1.09 and 1.02 (d-1), respectively. Furthermore, the mean generation time decreased by increasing temperature, as its minimum value was obtained 10.24 ± 0.18 at 35°C. The values of doubling time at above mentioned temperatures were 12.06, 3.36, 3.68, 9.83 and 15.11 days, respectively. The results revealed that the population growth parameters of T. absoluta were affected by temperature as a critical abiotic factor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - A comparative study of the effectiveness of the production of riding and walking space on the quality of the urban environment (Case: 22 Districts of Tehran city)
Alireza Ahmadi hamidreza rostamkhani mohamad taghi heydari Tehran metropolis has faced many environmental pollutions in recent decades and its quality has been affected.This situation has been paralleled by the ever-increasing population and, as a result, the significant increase in the reliance o More Tehran metropolis has faced many environmental pollutions in recent decades and its quality has been affected.This situation has been paralleled by the ever-increasing population and, as a result, the significant increase in the reliance on motor vehicles for intra and extra-urban trips in this metropolis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the environmental quality of Tehran and its spatial relevance to transportation variables. This research has been done by quantative method and using the data of the statistical yearbook of Tehran province in 2019. Shannon entropy weighting method and Promethee multi-criteria decision making technique for evaluating and ranking Tehran regions in terms of environmental quality, hierarchical clustering in SPSS environment for clustering 22 regions and bivariate Moran autocorrelation analysis in Geoda software to study spatial coherence And environmental quality quotes are used. The results indicate the existence of major spatial differences between different regions of Tehran in terms of environmental quality and regions are divided into four major clusters. Positive and negative relationships between transport variables and environmental quality were observed in the form of different spatial patterns in the regions and spatial clusters and non-clusters were analyzed. The results showed that the production of riding space and the increase in travel production, under the influence of artificial road construction in the second cycle of capital accumulation and Fordism mass production style, has a negative spatial correlation with the quality of the urban environment.Extended AbstractIntroduction: In this research, in particular, the impact of riding transportation with motorized vehicles (according to trip production and absorption statistics) and walking on the urban environment is discussed. Recently, (Dutta et al, 2013: 49) has emphasized the relationship between the quality of the urban environment and the physical, social and economic conditions of the city. In the sense that it is not acceptable to issue a general and universal ruling regarding the relationship between the city and the environment; Rather, regional differences should be considered and the local conditions of cities should be considered in this regard. One of the most obvious indicators of today's urbanization is the increase in reliance on passenger transportation with motor vehicles. Such an unplanned increase brings with it negative environmental impacts, and yet, one of the environmental impacts of urban transportation that is easily seen in developing countries and unfortunately usually ignored is the pedestrian/vehicle conflict. )Huzayyin & Ashour, 2004: 4). In fact, the methodical evaluation of the effect of the type of transportation on the quality of the urban environment will be a suitable and useful tool for thinking about alternative transportation methods. On the other hand, considering the prominent role of transportation use in the body and consequently the social dimension of the city, the decision regarding it will subsequently face the city with obvious physical and social changes, and considering the heavy costs of the physical and social changes of the city, It is appropriate to explain the effect of different types of transportation on the quality of the city's environment.Tehran is one of the metropolises of Iran that suffers from extensive environmental issues. The pressure on the ecological resources and on the natural resources of the city and region of Tehran, which has been under the direct influence of the driving force of rapid urbanization and comes from the increase in the volume of urban trips, the upward trend of waste production, runoff, etc., is noticeable (Shahi et al. , 2018) Therefore, it is felt necessary to use a planning thinking in order to solve and adjust this problem. This research tries to explain part of the environmental problems of Tehran city by focusing on the transportation variable and offers suggestions to improve its situation. We would like to say that without planning and methodical monitoring of the current structure of the city, presenting any kind of program to improve its environmental condition will be fruitless; Because in this case, we have forgotten the problem-producing points that constantly challenge the urban environment. Identifying these issues and what is behind them will be the first step and prerequisite for any plan and action. A review of the theoretical background of the research shows that the utilitarian perspective in dealing with space and including the environment thinks about maximum exploitation and capital accumulation. During the production of artificial space, during the second cycle of capital accumulation, in which, according to Harvey, large-scale industrial production is replaced by daily and mass light industrial goods (Aghaei, 2020), the emergence of Fordism leads to the production and consumption of riding spaces, and production and consumption becomes one and expands day by day. The antithesis point of this current is formed by two currents: with the ideas of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and his subject-body view and the view of this same Hegelian, Cartesian dualism is questioned. The results of this case are also revealed in urban planning, which in this research has been shown in the form of a comparison of the production of travel from the examples of the production of riding space with pedestrian circulation.Methodology: This research is one of the quantitative studies with a practical aspect. The research data were taken from the statistical yearbook of Tehran province. The general process of the research has been that after extracting environmental quality assessment indicators from previous researches, the data were weighted in the form of research indicators, using the Shannon entropy method. Then, in order to evaluate and rank the 22 districts of Tehran from the perspective of environmental quality indicators, the Prometheus multi-criteria decision-making method was used in the Visual Promethee software environment. In the next step, to investigate the spatial relationship of transportation variables with the environmental quality of the regions, two-variable Moran autocorrelation analysis LISA and Geoda software with ESDA approach were used and the type of relationship, the type of clusters and their significance were determined.Results and discussion: The evaluation of the environmental quality of the 22 districts of Tehran shows that there are many differences in terms of the quality of the environment in the regions. Meanwhile, region 22 has the best environmental quality and region 7 has the worst quality. The quality of the rest of the regions is between these two regions. In general, the areas of the city can be classified into 4 different clusters based on the quality of the environment, and it can be said that the neighboring areas have almost the same quality. The results of spatial correlation analysis of travel production and absorption with environmental quality show that there is a negative spatial relationship between these two variables, so that we are facing an increase in travel production and absorption in areas with lower environmental quality. On the contrary, there is a positive spatial correlation between the production of walking and cycling space with environmental quality. This means that we are faced with an increase in the area of pedestrian and cycling paths with a higher environmental quality. However, the same spatial patterns are not observed in the regions.Conclusion: The evaluation of the effectiveness of transportation variables on the environmental quality of Tehran, which is the main goal of this research, revealed significant facts. The results of the analysis show the existence of a positive spatial connection between the area of the cycling and walking paths with the quality of the environment; The subject of pedestrianized cities has now received much attention from researchers in the field of urban planning, which shows the importance of this variable in environmental quality issues. In fact, walking is one of the daily manifestations of the active involvement of humans or their environment or urban space. It can be recognized and interacted with only by walking in the city. With the increase in travel production and attraction, we are facing a lower environmental quality. The cores of the city, which are usually located in the centers and older areas of the city, are a potential possibility to attract travel and are more likely to face pollution and poor environmental quality. The production of rider-oriented space under the modern urbanism style and influenced by Cartesian subjective thinking, the production of artificial space for the second cycle of capital accumulation and the emergence of Fordism and urban zoning will lead to the reduction and degradation of the quality of the urban environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - A Syntax-based Approach to the Production of English Verbs’ Argument Structure by Iranian EFL Learners
Shima Akbarnezhad Firooz Sadighi Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri -
Open Access Article
143 - Locative Constructions in English Interlanguage: A Study of the Acquisition of Argument Realization in English by Iranian EFL Learners
Masoume Yakhabi Ahmad Lotfi Reza Biria -
Open Access Article
144 - Measurement of Economics to Scale in Corporates of Tehran Stock Exchange
Vahid Mahmoudi Mohammad Hossein Ghaemi Hossein Kazemi -
Open Access Article
145 - Fixed Cost Allocation Based on DEA Cross Efficiency Considering Semi-Additive Production Technology: An Application to Bank Branches
Javad GeramiIn the real world, situations frequently occur when we want to allocate a fixed cost between a set of decision-making units (DMUs) such as institutions, organizations. In this paper, we use the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique to allocate fixed costs among DMUs MoreIn the real world, situations frequently occur when we want to allocate a fixed cost between a set of decision-making units (DMUs) such as institutions, organizations. In this paper, we use the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique to allocate fixed costs among DMUs. First, we introduce semi-additive production technology in DEA and present efficiency evaluation models in this technology. In estimating the frontier of this technology, in addition to the observed DMUs, the set of all aggregations of these DMUs are also used. In the following, we propose an interactive process for fixed cost allocation between DMUs in DEA based on the concept of cross-efficiency. We show that our proposed iterative approach is always feasible, and ensures that all DMUs become efficient after the fixed cost is allocated as an additional input measure. The cross-efficiency scores corresponding to all DMUs are improved at each stage of the interactive process. We also illustrate the proposed approach with a numerical example. The proposed approaches are demonstrated using an application of the fixed cost allocation problem for branches of commercial banks. Finally, we bring the results of the research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Study of ranking factors affecting the implementation of timely management of goods and equipment and its evaluation criteria in the power distribution company of the whole country using fuzzy AHP and fuzzy DEMATEL
Babak Keshipour Saeed Jabbarzadeh Kangaarloye Jamal Bahri Sales -
Open Access Article
147 - Identification and prioritization of obstacles in production of edible insects from perspective of livestock and poultry producers
Y. Ostadi Gh. Yavari M. Shokat Fadaei M. Ahmadian S. ImaniInsects can be used as a food in livestock and poultry. However, there may be some obstacles in using insects as animal’s diet. The priority of the obstacles from the perspective of animal husbandry managers was studied in two provinces, Alborz and Tehran, Iran. A MoreInsects can be used as a food in livestock and poultry. However, there may be some obstacles in using insects as animal’s diet. The priority of the obstacles from the perspective of animal husbandry managers was studied in two provinces, Alborz and Tehran, Iran. At first, the obstacles were categorized in 8 main and 87 sub-main indices providing a questionnaire given to 20 experts randomly to be filled up. The initial data derived from questionnaires were analyzed The weight of each index calculated and compare by using Expert Choice 11 software Results showed that the health and food obstacle, the culture and attitudes obstacle and the economic obstacles with the indices of 0.418, 0.231 and 0.143 were the most important, respectively. Amongst the sub-indices, the risk of row consumption of insects 0.054, uncertainty in security and health 0.051 and the residue of insecticides 0.047 were the most important obstacles in producing food for livestock and poultry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Effect of Protein and Vitamins Supplements on Growth Indices of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae at blastospore proliferation stage
M. latifian B. radThe success of any raw material used in the industrial and mass production of entomopathogenic fungi depends on the extent to which it can provide the optimum food requirement for the fungus. The biological control strategy using entomopathogenic fungi like B. bassiana MoreThe success of any raw material used in the industrial and mass production of entomopathogenic fungi depends on the extent to which it can provide the optimum food requirement for the fungus. The biological control strategy using entomopathogenic fungi like B. bassiana and M. anisopliae can only be useful if practical and economic methods of mass multiplication are available. In this study, the effects of Protein and Vitamins Supplements on chlamydospores production of these two fungi were investigated. The results of this study showed that different treatments of Protein and Vitamins Supplements in complete liquid culture for chlamydespore cycle of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae fungi in terms of production spores, germination percentage, wet weight and dry weight difference Significant at 1% probability level. The highest concentration of chlamydosporum, germination percentage, wet weight and dry weight of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae were whey protein supplement and multivitamin at a concentration of 6 ml / liter. Also, the results of this study showed that these two species of pathogenic fungus can be replicated with good performance of sugarcane by products and maintain the germination capacity of chlamydospores. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Study on demographic parameters of Trichogramma brassicae (Bezdenko) (Hym., Trichogrammatidae) on three host species in laboratory conditions
A. A. Lashgari A. A. Talebi Y. Fathipour S. FarahaniLife table, reproduction and population growth parameters of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko were studied on eggs of two laboratory hosts, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller and Sitotroga cerealella Oliver and one natural host species eggs, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner. The expe MoreLife table, reproduction and population growth parameters of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko were studied on eggs of two laboratory hosts, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller and Sitotroga cerealella Oliver and one natural host species eggs, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner. The experiments were carried out in a growth chamber with temperature of 25±1 °C, 50±5 % relative humidity and a photoperiod of 14L:10D hours. Adult life expectancy were 5.65, 9.45 and 4.95 days on eggs of H. armigera, E. kuehniella and S. cerealella, respectively. Gross fecundity rate of T. brassicae on eggs of E. kuehniella was higher than eggs of two other hosts. Net reproductive rate were 41.98, 55.65 and 42.17 females/female on H. armigera, E. kuehniella and S. cerealella, respectively. Intrinsic rate of increase of T. brassicae on eggs of H. armigera, E. kuehniella and S. cerealella were 0.298, 0.309 and 0.301 females/female/day, respectively. Mean generation time of T. brassicae was longer then on eggs of E. kuehniella. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Study on the chemical composition and insecticidal activity of the wild mint (Mentha longifolia L.) essential oil against the melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover)
M. Zamani verdi H. Abbasipour S. Goudarzvande CheginiThe melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover is a polyphagous and cosmopolite species which is widely distributed in moderate and tropical regions of the world. The high-risk chemical pesticides are currently used to control this pest that have environmental impacts and also MoreThe melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover is a polyphagous and cosmopolite species which is widely distributed in moderate and tropical regions of the world. The high-risk chemical pesticides are currently used to control this pest that have environmental impacts and also affect non-target organisms. Therefore, in order to cope with this situation, we must think about the safe alternatives to control this pest. In the current study, chemical composition and fumigant toxicity of the essential oil from wild mint, Mentha longifoliaL. was studied against the nymphal and adult stages of the melon aphid, A. gossypii. The essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation method, using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus. The amount of this essential oil was determined by mass chromatography method. Bioassay experiments were performed in a completely randomized design with five concentrations (0.1 to 0.9 μl/L air) and three replications. For each replicate, 10 samples of the last instar nymphs and adult aphids were separately considered. Also, nymph production deterrent effect of the oil at sublethal concentration of the oil was studied against the parthenogenesis form of aphid. Results indicated that essential oil of M. longifolia is highly toxic to the melon aphid.The major components in the oil were Pulegone (44.75%), Menthone (30.80%), 1,8- Cineole1 (5.49%) and Cyclohexanone, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)- (2R-cis (2.06%). Probit analysis showed that the LC50 values for nymphs and adults of A. gossypii were 0.059 and 0.0081 µl. L-1 air, respectively. By increasing the concentration of essential oil, the mortality rate also increased. Also, degree of nymph production deterrent effect was calculated for the essential oil of M. longifoliaas 80.03±3.68%. The overall results showed that the wild mint essential oil has a high potential in controlling the melon aphid especially in protected areas such as geenhouses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - Comparison of the life table and reproduction parameters of the Plodia interpunctella Hubner (Lep., Pyralidae) on three cultivars of date in laboratory conditions
H. Pourbehi A. A. Talebi A. A. zamani Sh. Goldasteh N. FarrarThe Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella Hubner (Lep., Pyralidae) is one of the serious pests of stored date in Iran and many parts of the world. In this research life table and reproduction parameters of P. interpunctella on three cultivars of date were studied. The MoreThe Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella Hubner (Lep., Pyralidae) is one of the serious pests of stored date in Iran and many parts of the world. In this research life table and reproduction parameters of P. interpunctella on three cultivars of date were studied. The experiments were conducted in laboratory conditions at temperature of 27±2 ºC, 45±5% relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16L:8D hours. The results indicated that, the life expectancy in egg period were 44/45, 52/29 and 47/89 days on Zahedi, Shahabi and Kabkab cultivars, respectively. The gross fecundity rate on Zahedi, Shahabi and Kabkab cultivars were estimated 172.1±17.5, 160.2±15.2 and 121.0±18.3 egg per female, respectively. There was no significant difference among gross fecundity rate on different cultivars of date. The net fertility rate on Zahedi cultivar with 96/8±10/4 was more than the other cultivars. The lowest value of this parameter on Kabkab cultivar 43/84±7/26 was estimated that there was significant difference with Zahedi and Shahabi cultivars, but no significant difference was observed between Zahedi and Shahabi cultivars. The mean egg per day and mean fertile eggs per day of moths developed on Zahedi cultivar were estimated 25/09±2/61 and 22/38±2/30, respectively that was shown the maximum value among examined cultivers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Comparison of the biological characteristics of two local populations of Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hem., Aphididae) on rape seed in laboratory conditions
F. Eskuruchi A. A. Talebi A. Hajgozar Sh. GoldastehThe cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hem., Aphididae) is one of the most important pests of rapeseed and most other crucifera in many parts of the world. In this study, demographic parameters including life table, reproduction and population growth parameters of MoreThe cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hem., Aphididae) is one of the most important pests of rapeseed and most other crucifera in many parts of the world. In this study, demographic parameters including life table, reproduction and population growth parameters of two populations of B. Brassica, collected fromShiraz and Gorgan, were studied. Experiments were conducted in laboratory conditions at 25±1ºC, 60±5% relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16:8 hours (L: D). Data were analyzed according to Jackknife method using SAS and MINITAB statistical softwares. The results indicated that, there was significant difference between mean preimaginal developmental time of aphid in two population of Shiraz and Gorgan (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between mean lifespan of aphid in two population of Shiraz and Gorgan. The life expectancy of newly emerged adults was 7.92 and 9.46 days in two populations of Shiraz and Gorgan, respectively. The gross fecundity rate in Shiraz population was higher than Gorgan population. There was a significant difference between gross fecundity rate in two population of Shiraz and Gorgan (P<0.01). The net reproduction rate was 9.22 and 7.54 females per female per generation in Shiraz and Gorgan population, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase in two populations of Shiraz and Gorgan were 0.21 and 0.19 females/female/day, respectively. The finite rates of increase were obtained 1.23 and 1.21 days in Shiraz and Gorgan populations, respectively. The mean generation time of aphid was 10.58 and 10.48 days in two populations of Shiraz and Gorgan, respectively. The doubling time of aphid was 3.30 and 3.59 days in Shiraz and Gorgan populations, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - The effect of diet and temperature regimes on development and reproduction of green lacewing, a natural enemy of the common pistachio psyllid
M. Hassani-sadi M. R. Mehrnejad M. ShojaeiThe green lacewing, Chrysoperla lucasina is considered as a predator of the common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae in the pistachio plantation areas of Rafsanjan, Iran. Some biological parameters of the green lacewing were examined under controlled conditions usi MoreThe green lacewing, Chrysoperla lucasina is considered as a predator of the common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae in the pistachio plantation areas of Rafsanjan, Iran. Some biological parameters of the green lacewing were examined under controlled conditions using three constant temperatures e.g., 25, 27.5 and 30ºC, and four prey diets e.g., 4th instar pistachio psyllid nymphs, eggs and 1st instar pistachio psyllid nymphs, cowpea aphid nymphs, Aphis craccivora and flour moth’s eggs, Sitotroga cerealella. The results showed that both temperature and diet regimes influence on preimaginal development and survival of the predatory lacewing significantly. Developmental period of larvae were shortest while fed on either cowpea aphid nymphs or 4th instar pistachio psyllid nymphs and temperature of 30ºC. The weight of green lacewing cocoons were higher for those reared on 4th instar pistachio psyllid nymphs in larval stage. The larvae of C. lucasina fed on 1016, 4th instar psyllid nymphs and 315, 3rd instar cowpea aphids through the whole larval period at 30ºC. The preimaginal diets caused significant influence on fecundity and longevity of adult green lacewing. The reproduction potential of green lacewing was declined by increasing temperature through 22.5 to 32.5ºC severely. The intrinsic rate of natural increases (rm) of this insect was obtained 0.11 and 0.09 while it was reared using 4th instar pistachio psyllid nymphs and flour moth’s eggs at 25ºC through larval stage repectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Effects of processed kaolin clay on adult mortality and progeny production (F1) of two stored product pests
Farshid Shakhsi Zare H. Farazmand R. Vafaei-Shoushtari A. Marouf M. GhazaviThe insecticidal effect of processed kaolin (Sepidan®) and its influence on progeny production (F1) of Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) were investigated under laboratory conditions (25±1C&d MoreThe insecticidal effect of processed kaolin (Sepidan®) and its influence on progeny production (F1) of Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) were investigated under laboratory conditions (25±1C°, 65±5% R.H, in dark). Seven to 10 day old of each species were exposed to kaolin at five concentrations (1000, 2000, 3000, 5000 and 10000 ppm) and their mortality was recorded after 3, 7, 15 and 30 days, at three replicates, separately. The results showed that mortality of adults increased significantly as the concentration rates and exposure duration increased, (p<0.05). Complete mortality of O. surinamensis occurred at 10000 ppm after 15 days of exposure time. The highest mortality of T. confusum (98.3%) was at 10000 ppm, 30 days after treatment. According to bioassay tests, adults of O. surinamensis were significantly more susceptible to kaolin than T. confusum at various time intervals in any concentrations. The Progeny production tests showed that, 100% reduction of F1 occurred at 5000 ppm for confused flour beetle and at 2000 ppm for saw-tooth grain beetle. Although, processed kaolin clay (Sepidan®) has a potential to kill stored product beetles, because of high concentration of application applied in, it cannot be used alone. However, due to its good effect on progeny production (F1), it could be used in combination with other control methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Effect of L-Tryptophan on behavioral characteristics and function in honeybees (Apis mellifera meda L. )
s. m. monajatiThis study conducted to evaluate the effects of L- Tryptophan on performance and defensive behavior of honeybees (Apis mellifera meda L.). For this purpose, in a completely randomized design experiment; 25 beehives with same population and same aged half sib queens of M MoreThis study conducted to evaluate the effects of L- Tryptophan on performance and defensive behavior of honeybees (Apis mellifera meda L.). For this purpose, in a completely randomized design experiment; 25 beehives with same population and same aged half sib queens of Meda breed were randomly distributed in to five treatments and five replications so that each experimental unit were consist of 20000 boxes. Five experimental groups were containing bees nourished by syrups with 0, 750, 1500, 2250 and 3000 mg/litter L-Tryptophan for 2 months. The honey production measured and defensive behavior evaluation by installing a black leather bull in front of each boxes and counting stringed points on it per minute. The results of Duncan’s test showed that the most of honey production related to bees fed syrup containing 2250 mg/litter L-tryptophan and in this treatment defensive behavior were significantly lower (P<0/01) than bees that did’nt consume tryptophan. However, population significantly decreased (P<0/05) in bees fed syrup containing 2250 mg/litter L-tryptophan comparing with bee’s did’nt consume tryptophan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - The effects of sublethal does of pyridalil on life table parameters of the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hym., Braconidae)
Z. Abedi M. Saber Gh. Gharekhani A. MehrvarIn this study, the adult wasps were exposed to fresh residuces of the insecticide. The LC50 value of pyridalil were 2451 ppm. Sublethal effects of pyridalil on life table, reproduction parameters and survivorship of H. hebetor were studied. The survivorship was affected MoreIn this study, the adult wasps were exposed to fresh residuces of the insecticide. The LC50 value of pyridalil were 2451 ppm. Sublethal effects of pyridalil on life table, reproduction parameters and survivorship of H. hebetor were studied. The survivorship was affected by the insecticide. Life expectancy and Mortality rate were not significantly affected but reproduction parameters of H. hebetor was affected bythe insecticide. Mortality of egg and larval stages was significantly affected by the insecticide, but the adult emergence rate was not significantly affected by the pyridalil. Results showed that pyridalil insecticide had less adverse effects on the parasitoid. Field studies aiming to assess efficacy of combined use of insecticide and H. hebetor is needed to obtain more applicable results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Exploration and development of Shale gas in China: A review
Nafees Ali Saqib Jamil Muhammad Zaheer Wakeel Hussain Hadi Hussain Sayed Muhammad Iqbal Haaayat Ullah -
Open Access Article
158 - Ecological and Economic Effects of Land Equipping and Renovation in Irrigated Wheat Production in Hamadan Province
Mohammad Abdolmaleky Fereshteh YazdaniThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the ecological and economic effects of the land equipping and renovation plan in the irrigated wheat production. Therefore, the environmental sustainability of wheat production by the ecological footprint and its product MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the ecological and economic effects of the land equipping and renovation plan in the irrigated wheat production. Therefore, the environmental sustainability of wheat production by the ecological footprint and its production efficiency by data envelopment analysis were measured. The statistical population consisted of wheat farmers from Kheradmand village in the Hamadan province, who have participated in the land equipping and renovation plan and who hadn't participated. The sample size for the participating farmers is 73 and for the non-participating farmers is 74. Data were collected through a questionnaire in a cross-sectional study, using of census method, and were analyzed with SPSS26 and DEAP2.1 software. The average GHG for participant and non-participant farmers in the land reform plan was measured at 778/15 and 1003 kg co2 eq ha-1, respectively. The EF index for these two groups was estimated at 2.39 and 2.44 gha, respectively which there was a significant difference at the 0/01 level. Based on the results of data envelopment analysis, average technical, allocation and economic efficiency were estimated at 0.866, 0.893, and 0.797 respectively, for the equipped and renovated lands, and at 0.863, 0.889, and 0.791 for the not equipped and renovated lands which there was no significant difference between these two types of lands at 0.01 level. According to the results of calculating the carbon emissions indices, the environmental sustainability of the equipped and renovated lands is in better condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - The Evaluation of yield, yield components and indices advantage of intercropping of Populus euramericana with Allium sativum in Karaj conditions
Fatemeh Ahmadloo Saeedeh EskandariGarlic medicinal plant (Allium sativum) was planted between the rows of poplar (Populus euramericana 92/40) which were planted in March 2017 at a distance of 3 × 4 m, in late autumn of 2017. The statistical design of this research was Randomized Complete Block Des MoreGarlic medicinal plant (Allium sativum) was planted between the rows of poplar (Populus euramericana 92/40) which were planted in March 2017 at a distance of 3 × 4 m, in late autumn of 2017. The statistical design of this research was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 treatments including (garlic with poplar, pure poplar culture and pure garlic culture),. Garlic cultivation was done in five rows with a length of 21 m and 50 cm between rows in three blocks in November 2017. During each growing season, poplar seedlings and garlic were irrigated once a week. The height and diameter at breast height (DBH) of the poplar trees were measured at the end of each growing season for four years, and then the increment in growth of height, diameter and stem volume (m3/ha/y) were calculated and evaluated using the T-Test. Economic evaluation of each of the pure and intercropped cultivations was done based on the indices of land equality ratio (LER), relative value total (RVT) and index advantage (IA). In 2019 and 2020, there is a statistically significant difference in the characteristics of increment at DBH and height in pure and intercropped cultivations, which is the highest in intercropped poplar culture. In 2020, the highest and lowest biological yields of garlic were obtained in pure cultivation with 8791.67 kg ha-1 and in intercropped cultivation with 2408.33 kg ha-1, respectively. In all the studied years, LER is greater than one and among 1.61 to 2.76, and in general its three-year average obtained 2.28. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Supplier’s Selection Based on Lean-Green Production Indicators by Goal Programming, Fuzzy DEMATEL and Fuzzy Quality Function Development
Raheleh Abbasi Bastami Reza Ehtesham Rasi Sadegh Abedi -
Open Access Article
161 - Designing Cell Production Arrangement Scenarios with the Approach of Artificial Neural Networks
Mahdi Ahmadipanah Kamyar Chalaki Roya Shakeri -
Open Access Article
162 - Identification and Prioritization of Organizational Intelligence Criteria in Production Cooperatives of Iran
Tahereh Yadegari Taheri Younos Vakil Alroaia Farshd Faezi Razi Seyyedabdollah Heydariyeh -
Open Access Article
163 - Special Conditions Designing a Development Model for Optimizing the Production of Gasoline Products in the Oil Refinery in Spring and Summer
Babak Dashtkar Saber Khandanalamdari Neda Farahbakhsh -
Open Access Article
164 - Business and Manufacturing Strategies: a Model for Alignment (Case Study: Iranian Automative Industry)
Mehrdad Hoseini shakib -
Open Access Article
165 - Optimum Process Adjustment Under Inspection Errors with Considering the Cycle Time of Production and Two Markets for the Sale of Goods
Somayeh Ayeen -
Open Access Article
166 - Social And Cultural Barriers The Most Important Factors In Rural Women's Non Participation In Productive Activities (Case Study Of Shushtar Suburb Rural Women Potatoes Farmers)
S. S. Mosavi A. R. Omani M. S. AlahyariThe main goal of this research was to study participation barriers of rural women in agricultural production activities. The type of the study was an applied research. To determine the barriers of rural women's participation descriptive and factor analysis techniques we MoreThe main goal of this research was to study participation barriers of rural women in agricultural production activities. The type of the study was an applied research. To determine the barriers of rural women's participation descriptive and factor analysis techniques were implemented as well. The Sample included 288 rural women that were selected by incidental sampling procedure( with in reach). Based on the resulted outcome the rural women, retained an average level in terms of social features (social participation and social status). More use of factor analysis techniques determined the factors affecting the non-participation of rural women in production activity. The Bartlett test value (3848.876 )and KMO test (0.09) showed that the data were suitable for factor analysis. The results also indicated that five factors generally explained the %51 of the rural women's non participation in productive activities obstacles and problems.The factors were respectively, social structure, cultural structure, economic barriers, educational barriers and agricultural lands structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Response of Seed Yield and Its Components of Bread Wheat to Different Level of Combination Chemical and Biological Fertilizer and Several Type of Application Fertilizer
Zhaleh Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
168 - Response of Seed yield, Its Components and Chlorophyll Content of Corn to Integrated Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Vermicompost under Different Irrigation Round
Saleh Zohrabi Chanani Saeid Zakernejad -
Open Access Article
169 - Evaluation Effect of Copper Foliar Application at Different Growth Stages of on Seed yield and Its Components of Cowpea (Vigna Sinensis L.)
Shahram Ashabi Mohamad Reza Dadnia -
Open Access Article
170 - Response of Leaf area index, Chlorophyll Content and Protein Concentration of Sorghum to Application Different Rate of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Vermicompost Affected Water Stress Condition
Seyedeh Zohreh Hashemi Saeed Zakernejad Khoshnaz Payandeh -
Open Access Article
171 - Response of Seed Yield, Its Components, Chlorophyll Content and Proline Concentration of Mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) To Apply Sulphate Potassium Fertilizer under Salinity Stress Situation
Fatemeh Jahan Ahmadi Mani Mojadam -
Open Access Article
172 - Investigation Effect of Different Level of Vermicompost and Manure on Seed Yield and Its Components of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)
Ahmad Zalaghi Seyed Kivan Marashi Mani Mojaddam -
Open Access Article
173 - Optimum Nitrogen Consumption in Maize at Different Moisture Regime (A Key to Enhance Corn Productivity) and Estimation of Yield Reduction under Nitrogen Limitation Conditions
Khoshnaz Payandeh -
Open Access Article
174 - Response of Fresh Forage, Dry Matter and Yield Components of Sorghum to Different level of Nitrogen and Cutting Height
Zahra Gholiporkahyash Mojtaba Alavifazel Mohammad Reza Dadnia -
Open Access Article
175 - Assess Correlation and Regression between Effective Traits on Corn Seed yield Af-fected Different Level of Irrigation and Micro Nutrient
Khoshnaz Payandeh -
Open Access Article
176 - Evaluation Effect of Farmyard Manure (FYM) to Improve Cereal Crop Yield
Mohammad Khayat -
Open Access Article
177 - Assess Correlation between Traits Affected Different level of Nitrogen Fertilizer (Urea Source) and Interval between Irrigation Round of Sorghum
Bahareh Jahangiri Mojtaba Alavifazel Mohamad Reza Dadnia -
Open Access Article
178 - Production process and quality control in Caspian Tamin Pharmaceutical Company
Mohammad Torkashvand Atefeh Hasanzadeh -
Open Access Article
179 - Provide a model for evaluating sustainable production performance in the automotive industry (case study: Iranian automotive industry)
Mohammad Saber Ghaemmaghami Ezato lah asghari zade Hasan FarsijaniThe automotive industry is one of the most important manufacturing industries in the world and in Iran this industry is known as the locomotive of other industries. However, the products of this industry have detrimental effects on the environment, and today, apart from MoreThe automotive industry is one of the most important manufacturing industries in the world and in Iran this industry is known as the locomotive of other industries. However, the products of this industry have detrimental effects on the environment, and today, apart from the traditional view of the performance of organizations, other issues such as environmental and social issues have become important for the success of the organization; Therefore, having a model to evaluate sustainable production performance in this industry is very important. The purpose of this study is to identify the indicators and present a model to evaluate the performance of sustainable production in the Iranian automotive industry. In order to review the opinions and conduct interviews in this research, 10 first-rate experts in the automotive industry have been randomly selected. The research was carried out in three main phases: identification of indicators with Meta-synthesis, screening of indicators with fuzzy Delphi and finally modeling by Interpretive Structural Modelling method. After performing fuzzy Delphi, 5 criteria and 20 indicators were identified and in the modeling phase of training programs for employees and reliability was identified as the cornerstone of the model and organizational culture as the most affectability indicator. According to the model, it is necessary to pay attention to all the identified criteria (economic, environmental, social, managerial and technological) to achieve sustainable production, and all different aspects of knowledge should be used in this direction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - Designing a Green Workshop Model, By Balancing Between Completion Time and Energy Consumption (Case Study: Western Machine-Building Corporation)
Maryam Rahimi alloghareh sayyed mohammad reza davoodiThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the green timing in the production of two workshops by balancing the completion time and energy consumption. The research method is descriptive-analytic and also applicable to the purpose. This research has been designed to eval MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the green timing in the production of two workshops by balancing the completion time and energy consumption. The research method is descriptive-analytic and also applicable to the purpose. This research has been designed to evaluate the performance of solving time-varying multi-machine flow shop problem considering the objective functions of minimizing total finishing time energy consumption, and the total weighted latency and early maturity of the work. Data were gathered through interviews and information from Padideh mashinsazi Gharb company and then implemented in MATLAB software. A total of 30 problems were produced with different dimensions based on commonly used methods and were evaluated by Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) and Multiple Objective Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms (MOPSO). Three criteria for comparing MID, MS, and SNS were used along with the solution time to compare different states of the algorithm. Considering sustainability considerations in the timing of production and construction, in addition to the economic benefits of reducing carbon emissions, it helps the environment. The results of the comparison of the two algorithms using two hierarchical and tops analysis methods showed that the outputs from the comparison of the NSGA-II algorithm with the MOPSO algorithm are better for these problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
181 - Pattern of production resilience in critical shocks (sanction); A qualitative study based on grounded theory
MEHDI NAZARI hasan mehrmanesh Jala Haghighat monfaredAlthough there is general agreement on the effect of sanctions on production, so far no model has been proposed for production that meets the conditions of the sanctions. In this research, a model of production resilience in critical shocks was presented. The approach o MoreAlthough there is general agreement on the effect of sanctions on production, so far no model has been proposed for production that meets the conditions of the sanctions. In this research, a model of production resilience in critical shocks was presented. The approach of this research is qualitative and in terms of practical and developmental purpose and in terms of method, descriptive-exploratory and data theory. In accordance with the data theory method of the foundation, semi-structured interviews were conducted with production experts (studied by Saipa Automotive Group) and continued until the theoretical saturation based on the snowball technique. After counting 1131 key phrases, 841 first level code, 165 second level code and 79 concepts in open coding stage, 37 categories in axial coding and finally paradigm model in selective coding stage were obtained. The results of the research include causal, contextual, intervening conditions and consequences, specific and most important strategies for acting on factors such as placing the vision of resistance economy in the position of strategy, production appropriate to regional-provincial ecology, implementation of internalization instead of outsourcing, changing intellectual paradigms. Internalization and extraversion, the establishment of a training center for jihadi leaders and the establishment of a center for the accumulation of technical-industrial knowledge in the country are considered as the most important factors in creating resilience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - Providing an optimal model of production planning, repairs and maintenance and scheduling of labor in conditions of uncertainty and solving it with the ant algorithm
mohammd sharifzadegan Tahmourth sohrabi Ahmad Jafarnejad Chaghoshi,Abstract: In today's competitive environment, production productivity is a very important and key issue. However, all department of the production unit are interdependent. Rapid response to customer needs, diversity, reliability and cost of equipment and machinery due t MoreAbstract: In today's competitive environment, production productivity is a very important and key issue. However, all department of the production unit are interdependent. Rapid response to customer needs, diversity, reliability and cost of equipment and machinery due to the widespread limitations in production resources to be competitive and gain market share in conditions of uncertainty, is needed to make management decisions from Use an integrated format that incorporates important elements. Accordingly, in this study, the integration of three important areas in manufacturing companies has been addressed. These areas include production planning, maintenance, and manpower planning. In this way, a mathematical model with the aim of optimal use of labor and increasing production volume is presented. In this model of workers' experience, machine utilization rate and machine failure rate are expressed uncertainly and with fuzzy numbers. To solveing this model, the ants meta-innovation algorithm has been used. Numerical results obtained from the implementation in an industrial company show that the algorithm used can provide answers with the least possible error in a reasonable time. Sensitivity analysis also shows that the failure rate of the machine before and after repairs and maintenance has a great impact on the value of the objective function of the mathematical model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
183 - Presenting a multi-objective mathematical model of multi-product and multi-stage fuzzy production planning for several periods in Gamz software
Aslan Doosti saeid Rezaie Moghadam saeid Rezaie MoghadamIn manufacturing and service processes, facing conditions of uncertainty and changes in the amount of data used in the model causes variable parameters, and therefore it is not uncommon to expect such conditions in decision making. Therefore, not paying attention to suc MoreIn manufacturing and service processes, facing conditions of uncertainty and changes in the amount of data used in the model causes variable parameters, and therefore it is not uncommon to expect such conditions in decision making. Therefore, not paying attention to such changes causes deviation in planning and deviation from the real situation and causes a lot of damage in the mentioned environments. Due to the importance of the issue, in this paper, the fuzzy optimization approach is used to deal with the uncertainty in the parameters of uncertainty of production stages and product quality in the manufacturer's center and model reconstruction center. The present study intends to design a mathematical model of a multi-objective production program and optimize it to minimize the cost of inventory, production, and manpower, and the maximum quality of the product and maximize the maximum occurrence of uncertainty at each stage of production that causes bottlenecks. It can increase the profitability of Borujen Concrete Parts Company. The results of solving the model by coding in Gamz software and using the comprehensive criterion method include the values of objective functions and decision variables. The results were approved by the officials of Borujen Stream Concrete Parts Company. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
184 - Investigating the feasibility of implementing scalable policies for optimal production capacity based on a reconfigurable production system with a dynamic systems approach
rohollah ranjbar seyed ahmad shayan nia amirmehdi miandaragh mohammadreza lotfi. In this research, a new model for evaluating capacity policies based on new product orders, financial inventory and budget based on dynamic systems is presented. The scope of research is the National Iranian Gas Company. The data obtained through exploratory interview More. In this research, a new model for evaluating capacity policies based on new product orders, financial inventory and budget based on dynamic systems is presented. The scope of research is the National Iranian Gas Company. The data obtained through exploratory interviews were selected from the experts of the National Iranian Gas Company. Their effects on each other were extracted and after expressing the dynamics hypothesis, a sample of the related cause-effect was prepared. After plotting the causal loops and in order to analyze the parameters involved in the model, the flow accumulation diagram was drawn. The designed model was implemented and the behavior of the variables was investigated and then the model was validated. The model includes four sections: orders, production, research and development of capacity building and the financial section. The results showed that the company adjusts its production capacity and inventory level by considering the order rate received from customers and considered the output of its product with the attitude of no stock output and as you saw in the model with this approach was able to Match production capacity and inventory level with market needs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - Provide a system dynamics model for optimizing multi-objective production-inventory-routing in the green supply chain under conditions of uncertainty
Katayoun Naderi Roya M.ahari Javid Jouzdani Atefeh AmindoustThis study examines the cost, customer satisfaction and environmental protection to design a multi-objective optimization model using system dynamics and to provide a system dynamics model for multi-objective production-inventory-routing in the green supply chain under MoreThis study examines the cost, customer satisfaction and environmental protection to design a multi-objective optimization model using system dynamics and to provide a system dynamics model for multi-objective production-inventory-routing in the green supply chain under uncertainty. Considers.By customer demand for several periods, the model can make decisions by focusing on decisions such as the choice of supplier and retailer according to the distance between them, production models and the nascent level of transportation technology. For this purpose, to collect information, first using previous studies, the variables affecting the model (20 variables) were determined, then according to the experts, these variables were analyzed, then the relationships between the selected variables using the model. Cause and effect were identified and then the research modeling was completed by designing a system dynamics model and evaluating it through tests defined by execution in vensim software. Finally, three scenarios were developed to determine the strategies affecting the model. The results indicate the most effective strategies in achieving the desired situation, maximum customer satisfaction, minimum cost and inventory and maximum production with proper implementation of ongoing projects in the direction of green production using appropriate technical knowledge. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - Investigation of TRIZ-based lean manufacturing process and ranking of its tools using multi-criteria decision making technique (Case study: Niro Mohrakeh Industrial Company)
Seyed Hassan Zabeti asl Ebrahim Ali Razini mehrdad Hoseini ShakibFlawless product production is one of the strategic goals of any organization. However, achieving this goal is not possible without eliminating waste. Lean production method is used as a way to reduce waste. The main philosophy of lean production in one sentence can be MoreFlawless product production is one of the strategic goals of any organization. However, achieving this goal is not possible without eliminating waste. Lean production method is used as a way to reduce waste. The main philosophy of lean production in one sentence can be "the elimination of any activity and process that does not create value." Such activities are called wastage. This is achieved by techniques called lean manufacturing tools. The lean literature offers a variety of methods for identifying and disposing of waste, but many organizations still face several difficulties in implementing lean manufacturing systems. This study tries to use Triz as a powerful, efficient and structured tool that has opened a different perspective in the field of defining and solving problems facing human beings, to reduce waste in the driving force industrial company and use its problem-solving tools as solutions. Introduce effective in order to achieve pure principles in this organization. For this purpose, Topsis technique was used as one of the most efficient MADM methods and more efficient Triz tools in achieving pure principles were identified and prioritized based on effectiveness. According to the ranking results of Triz tools, the splicing tool is in the first priority, which is an analytical tool that plays a key role in structuring the problem and analyzing the situation, and directly eliminates the loss and creation of value. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - Investigating the impact of lean production factors, agile production, sustainable supply chain and production resilience on sustainable production in the heavy vehicle industry
Ardalan Hosseini Hasan Mehrmanesh Ahmad Reza KasraeiIn the current competitive environment, it is very important to produce and present products of interest to customers in the market so that companies can compete with foreign and domestic competitors, which requires choosing and implementing a suitable and valuable prod MoreIn the current competitive environment, it is very important to produce and present products of interest to customers in the market so that companies can compete with foreign and domestic competitors, which requires choosing and implementing a suitable and valuable production strategy in order to achieve a competitive advantage and, more importantly, to make it sustainable. The aim of the Investigating the impact of lean production factors, agile production, sustainable chain and production resilience on sustainable production in the heavy vehicle industry. The mentioned research is descriptive-analytical in terms of its fundamental purpose and research method. In this research, with a review of the theoretical research literature and interviews with experts, the most important dimensions and criteria of sustainability that are effective in production in the company were modeled. In this research, the statistical population is the managers and experts of one of the factories in the heavy automotive industry (Iran Khodro Diesel). Also, in carrying out the simulations of the present research with Vensim software, a time horizon of 5 months was considered and quantitative values and relationships between the variables were also determined using a semi-structured interview. In the present study, four factors of lean production, agile production, sustainable and green supply chain, as well as production resilience were recognized as the main and effective factors on sustainable production in the heavy vehicle industry, which were evaluated and measured in the simulation model, investigation and their effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - Goal Programming for Production in Fiber Intermediate Production Company
Hossein Ostadi Iman AjripourTo development and survival, organizations need to make the optimal decision for their resources. With regard to the organization goals, determining the quantity and composition of products have been the main concerns of managers in recent years. Therefore, goal program MoreTo development and survival, organizations need to make the optimal decision for their resources. With regard to the organization goals, determining the quantity and composition of products have been the main concerns of managers in recent years. Therefore, goal programming can be used for solving these problems with multiple and sometimes conflicting objectives. In this paper, it is tried to calculate the planning amount of two productions (liquid and solid Dimethyl terephthalate (DMT)) with regard to the FIPCO's goal limitations. After determining limits and priorities of the goals, the objective function was cleared. Then Lexicography technique and Iterative approach were applied to solve the model. After analyzing outputs, the amount of two productions, liquid, and solid Dimethyl terephthalate will respectively decrease 3% and increase 21% compared to the initial planning amount. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - Evaluation of the Quality of the Production Process with X-R type Control Charts and Capability of the Production Process (Case Study: International Company of Ilam Cement)
Mohammad Bagher Rasouleh Vandi Mehdi ZangenehThe main purpose of this paper is to estimate the process quality estimation by using control charts type X-R and quality capability of the process. The population of research was 170 senior executives, middle managers, quality control, and support staff from Ilam cemen MoreThe main purpose of this paper is to estimate the process quality estimation by using control charts type X-R and quality capability of the process. The population of research was 170 senior executives, middle managers, quality control, and support staff from Ilam cement manufacturing International Corporation. Using Cochran formula, 118 subjects were selected out of the total number of the population. Using multiple linear regression, random selection of the population was done. Then, the collected data, which was collected by using a standardized questionnaire were analyzed by using Spss software. Results showed that the type of material and equipment will affect the charts, but operators and technicians in the production process cannot affect the graphs. Also, the result showed that such factors as the customers and market, operational conditions, sampling are affecting the capability of the production process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Provide a Roadmap for Using Lean Manufacturing Tools to Improve Supplier Performance (Case Study: Sapco Supply Chain)
Saeed Zeinalpour Ahrabi Soroush Avakh Darestani Kambiz ShahroudiNowadays, supply chain performance plays an inevitable role in competitive environment of organizations, thus capable suppliers are key factors to gain objectives of organizations. In this regard, improving suppliers performances using lean production tools are known as MoreNowadays, supply chain performance plays an inevitable role in competitive environment of organizations, thus capable suppliers are key factors to gain objectives of organizations. In this regard, improving suppliers performances using lean production tools are known as a helpful approach to promote suppliers. This approach leads to improve performance in quality field, cost management and lead time reduction. In this paper, preference of various lean tools according to how well the objectives of lean production are achieved is studied and a case study is performed in supply chain of largest auto company in Iran. Different tools are introduced using background of research, these tools are applied in pairwise comparison process considering three major outcomes of lean production: quality improvement, cost reduction and lead time reduction. It is worth noting that cost reduction, lead time reduction and quality improvement have major preference among all objectives of lean production. Moreover, priorities for establishing lean tools consists of personnel (continuous improvement, performance management, organizing), Kaizen, value stream map, standard work, 5s, Jidoka, productive maintenance, single minute exchange of die, pull system, Heijunka, continuous flow. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - Formulating a Three-step Manufacturing Strategy Based on Miltenburg Model (Case study: a mineral water company)
Abbas Moghbel Baarz Mohammad Reza Amini Hamid Reza Khosrowanian Hamie YarjanliApplying any kind of manufacturing strategy, on the one hand, needs to identify and monitor the current state of the system at the internal and external levels. On the other hand, it needs to provide strategies for improving the system. In this paper, a three-step manuf MoreApplying any kind of manufacturing strategy, on the one hand, needs to identify and monitor the current state of the system at the internal and external levels. On the other hand, it needs to provide strategies for improving the system. In this paper, a three-step manufacturing strategic model introduced by using Miltenburg model and focusing on five manufacturing strategic goals (production system, manufacturing outputs, manufacturing leverage, production capabilities and competitive analysis). First, the production system determined based on four indicators of production’s volume and variety, kind of plant layout and material flow. Then, six manufacturing levers (human resources, organizational control, and structure, sourcing, production planning and control, process technology and facilities) determined and capabilities of each one evaluated. Next, manufacturing outputs (delivery, cost, quality, performance) have been prioritized using the analytic hierarchy process technique to identify characteristics of the favorable production system. Furthermore, competitive analysis applied to verify the position of the company and its competitors in the market. In the final step, considering the results of previous steps, improvement strategies have been formulated so that the production system will change to the favorable system. If the current system needs basic changes, the improvement process will be operational by focusing on improving the manufacturing levers. In order to display the capabilities of the proposed model, a mineral water company was selected as a case study. The results showed that the company's production system is Equipment-paced line flow production system (EPL( and the company's strategic output (calculated by AHP) is the cost. Achieving manufacturing strategy, objectives of the organization and competitive analysis were conducted. Results showed that the current manufacturing system must change from ELP to the continuous flow manufacturing system. Furthermore, adjusting the manufacturing levers is necessary - particularly human resources- to implement the new proposed system, effectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - جایگاه استقلال اقتصادی در اقتصاد مقاومتی در پرتو قوانین موضوعه
rasool ahmadibeni faramarz atrian seyed mohammad mahdi ghamamyEconomic independence is one of the most important indicators of any country's economic growth, and moving towards the optimal use of national production and supporting domestic labor and capital for economic independence requires a strong national resolve and the neces MoreEconomic independence is one of the most important indicators of any country's economic growth, and moving towards the optimal use of national production and supporting domestic labor and capital for economic independence requires a strong national resolve and the necessary legal and regulatory arrangements to pave the way. And that is the roadblock. In our country, we have been pursuing the same basic objective of the constitution in the economic sector, namely the achievement of independence and self-sufficiency, various policies and regulations. Self-sufficiency and securing economic independence is the most important objective of a resistive economy that, in addition to its constitutional emphasis, has its roots in the teachings of Islamic law. Finally, it was concluded that the general policies of the resisting economy are aimed at achieving economic independence and that many laws are directly and indirectly related to this issue.Key words: Economic Independence, Resistance Economy, Production Boom, Islamic Consultative Assembly Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - Proposing Conceptual Model for Creativity and Innovation Management in Content production for IRIB TV
Siavash Salavatian Hamed MansouriBackground: Nowadays Creativity and innovation management has turned into a strategic need for media organizations. It seems that even IRIB requires managing creativities and innovation in producing TV Content. Goals: This research is seeking to find a resolution to mee MoreBackground: Nowadays Creativity and innovation management has turned into a strategic need for media organizations. It seems that even IRIB requires managing creativities and innovation in producing TV Content. Goals: This research is seeking to find a resolution to meet the needs in the form of an indigenous model. Methodology: The method which is applied in this research is Grounded Theory. 10 top well-informed managers and TV. Programmers and also creativity, innovation and management experts and professionals in academic field were selected based on theoretical sampling. The data were gathered using in-depth interviews and then they were analyzed based on the mechanisms discussed in the methodology of grounded theory by implementing open, axial and selective coding process Results: Therefore, the findings of this research is classified within four key categories. Creative TV Programming means those concepts indicating characteristics and aspects of TV Programming; The key issue of director of creative TV Programming, study the role of director during different steps of programming process; some of their primary responsibilities and intrinsic properties and skills are indicated in creativity and innovation management. The roles and obligations of the programmer within the process of programming and talents, skills and capabilities are included as the subcategories of programmer in creative TV Programming. Moreover, concepts related to basic needs, requirements and measurement in exploring creativity and innovation within the organization are included in the subcategory of organization and creative TV Programming. Conclusion: At the end the conceptual model for creativity and innovation management in content production in IRIB Tv was designed. This model includes 4 dimensions which are creating TV programming, director of creative TV programming, programmer in creative TV programming and organization and creative TV programming. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - The hydrological evaluation of Rasht Landfill performance
Mohammad Nakhaei Hamid Reza Nassery Vahab AmiriNowadays, the pollution generated from municipal waste disposal sites is considered as one of the serious threatsfor environment and underground water resources. In the present study, Rasht Landfill is assessed as one of thecontamination sources in the northern part of MoreNowadays, the pollution generated from municipal waste disposal sites is considered as one of the serious threatsfor environment and underground water resources. In the present study, Rasht Landfill is assessed as one of thecontamination sources in the northern part of Iran. Located in Saravan region, the Landfill is the only landdisposal site located in 20 kilometers south of Rasht and is situated at altitude of 200 meters from sea level. Inorder to determine the structural characteristics, the geological maps of the study area and data from 4 geoelectrical sounding around the landfill site been used. Using 4 samples of sediments from places where the geoelectrical sounding was implemented, the sedimentological analysis was carried out by graining these samples.The results indicate that the sediment thickness and depth of bed rock surface is very low. In this study, VisualHELP software was used to determine the leachate generation rate. The hydrological evaluation of Rasht Landfillperformance followed for two periods of 15 and 50 years ,regarding the climate information of Rasht station asthe nearest synoptic station to waste disposal site and structural features of this site. Based on the considerations,the amount of leachate generation and leaking from the Landfill determined equal to 0.69 m per year. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - Estimation of erosion and sediment production using GIS and EPM model (Case study area: Ghomrood-Aligudarz Basin)
Arefe AliMohamadi Alireza Iildermi Mirmehrdad MirsanjariOne of the most important issues that causes soil erosion in Iran is the problems of management and control of the erosion of the watersheds of the country, the lack of statistical data to accurately estimate the extent of erosion. Therefore, this research is aimed at e MoreOne of the most important issues that causes soil erosion in Iran is the problems of management and control of the erosion of the watersheds of the country, the lack of statistical data to accurately estimate the extent of erosion. Therefore, this research is aimed at estimating the rate of erosion and sediment production in Ghomrood-Aligudarz Basin using experimental model EPM (GIS) to control soil erosion. Initially, in this research, data was obtained through library and field resources, existing maps, and weather stations statistics. After importing maps in the ARCGIS software environment using the standard tables provided in the EPM model, the concessions are proportional to the catchment area and, by combining the layers with respect to the relationships presented in the EPM model, the zoning map of the severity of erosion in the watershed of Qomrood - Oligodarz was calculated. The results showed that with EPM method, the specific erosion rate of 24.529 m 3 / km / year and total erosion of the basin were estimated at 9257 m3 / m3 / m3 and, according to the erosion intensity of the studied basin, according to to the EPM method in the erosion class Extreme (V). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - Classification and Separation of mine wastes in Chadurmalu iron ore mine in order to decrease in environmental impacts rate
Seyed Hamid Reza Mirahmadi Amir Hossien Bangian TabriziOne of environmental issues in open pit mining is to separate and send of mine wastes with different grade to different waste dumps. In this paper the mentioned subject of short-term production planning is presented. In short-term production planning the subjects of exa MoreOne of environmental issues in open pit mining is to separate and send of mine wastes with different grade to different waste dumps. In this paper the mentioned subject of short-term production planning is presented. In short-term production planning the subjects of exact contact boundaries between ore and waste, optimizing of extracting ore grade, the sequence of ore blocks’ exploitation and waste blocks’ removal are considered. Using of boreholes’ data of one or two higher working benches is one of the easiest ways of grade estimating in mining bench. For evaluating of presented model in this research, Chadormalu iron ore mine data is used as a case study. In the case study, the place of the bench in elevation of 1465 m is determined as the target bench of production planning. Average and least of iron grade were estimated respectively 57.08% and 53.62%. So, if only estimated grade in reserve estimating step is considered in short-term production planning more than 30% of the ore block’s reserve is transferred to the waste dump. So, the presented model waste dumps with different iron ore grade is planned for potentially future uses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Minimization of the deviation from the cut-off grades in long-term production scheduling of open pit mines with the goal of controlling waste stockpile
Ehsan Mosavi Reza ShirinabadiThe basic objective of long-term production planning to takes measures for implementing to extractive cut-off grades and short-term production planning. Proposed methods show from not mentioning to exact regulation the extractive cut-off grade at various periods. In lon MoreThe basic objective of long-term production planning to takes measures for implementing to extractive cut-off grades and short-term production planning. Proposed methods show from not mentioning to exact regulation the extractive cut-off grade at various periods. In long-term production planning optimization, the extractive cut-off grades necessity is the correct management of the ore sending to plant processing. On the other hand, the optimal choice of cut-off grades in open pit mines will lead to the control of mineral stockpiles and to prevent the consequences of mineral wastewater due to environmental issues. In this paper, exhibit linear programming model in order to sequence of mining blocks estimation from mentioning to control the extractive cut-off grades. The purpose of the proposed model, minimization the deviation extractive grades in planning terms. Which this major be careful the case setting the extractive grades in each time period based on an accepted grade of plant. In order to the validity of result modeling, Chadormalou Iron Mine was chosen as the case study. The result shows the obtained extractive cut-off grades from proposed model generates the high accuracy of the average grade of the processing plant in each planning period. Also, all available operational constraints have been satisfied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - Minimization of the deviation from the optimal cut-off grades in long-term production scheduling of open pit mines by using mixed integer programming
Ehsan Moosavi Reza ShirinabadiThe basic objective of long-term production planning to takes measures for implementing to extractive cut-off grades and short-term production planning. So, the most important tool to implement the strategic and long-term program in open pit mines is extractive cut-off MoreThe basic objective of long-term production planning to takes measures for implementing to extractive cut-off grades and short-term production planning. So, the most important tool to implement the strategic and long-term program in open pit mines is extractive cut-off grades. Proposed methods show from not mentioning to exact regulation the extractive cut-off grade at various periods. In long-term production planning optimization, the extractive cut-off grades necessity is the correct management of the ore sending to plant processing. In this paper, exhibit linear programming model in order to sequence of mining blocks estimation from mentioning to control the extractive cut-off grades. Long-term production planning model using mixed integer mathematical programming is formulated. The purpose of the proposed model, minimization the deviation extractive grades in planning terms. Which this major be careful the case setting the extractive grades in each time period based on an accepted grade of plant. In order to the validity of result modeling, Chadormalou Iron Mine was chosen as the case study. The result shows the obtained extractive cut-off grades from proposed model generates the high accuracy of the average grade of the processing plant in each planning period. Also, all available operational constraints have been satisfied Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Reson of sand production on drinking wells Islamshahr town
محمود Salari مجتبی SayadiSand production is defined as the extraction of amounts of fine grain sand and silt while drilling andexploitations of wells. This phenomenon has resulted in quantity, quality, engineering, and environmentalproblems within parts of the country. The villages of Islamshah MoreSand production is defined as the extraction of amounts of fine grain sand and silt while drilling andexploitations of wells. This phenomenon has resulted in quantity, quality, engineering, and environmentalproblems within parts of the country. The villages of Islamshahr province are among such regions withinthe country which have been facing this problem in recent years. The goal of this study is to introduce thisissue and to explore the reasons, and quantify sand production in 10 fresh water wells within the villages ofIslamshahrprovince. In this respect, according to the measurements made within five consecutive cycles ina day(starting point, one, four, eight, and twelve hours) using well head facilities from 1stBahman 1389untillAban 1390, during which it was proved that HassanabadKhalese, Malekabad, and Shatereh villageslocated in the southern part of the province do exhibit fine grain sediments which as with the start ofpumping and after 4 hours, the sand production reduces ; however after 12 hours of the starting point, sandproduction increases. Although within the northern, and north western regions of Islamshahr province (forinstance Ahmadabad Mostofi, FiroozBahram, and Goldasteh,…) which exhibit coarse sediments, as thestarting point and after four hours, sand production deemed to be major while after 12 hours of pumping ,this amount decreases. Therefore it is recommended to reduce sand production by use of the natural welldevelopments based on proper leaching, pumping tests using controlled motor cycles, artificialdevelopment including the implementation of sandy gravel pack, and double gravel pack, along with duallayering of wells, and application of polymer pipes, and sieving filters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - Production scheduling for lime stone open pit mines with special emphasis on lime stone saturation factor to reduce environmental impacts of cement industry (Case study: Tehran cement factory)
Ebrahim Safarlo arash ebrahimabadi Afshin Akbari Since cement industries are among the polluting industries, efforts should be made to reduce the environmental pollution of this industry by planning and optimizing its raw materials. With this approach, considering the close proximity of Tehran's cement p More Since cement industries are among the polluting industries, efforts should be made to reduce the environmental pollution of this industry by planning and optimizing its raw materials. With this approach, considering the close proximity of Tehran's cement plant to the capital, it was decided that with the optimization of the planning of production of mines, the supplier of raw materials of this plant with the aim of reducing the amount of waste and pollutants to improve the activities of the factory stepped up in this direction Optimization of extraction and adjustment of raw materials was used in research methods in operations, especially linear programming. The most important sources of raw material supplies to the Bibishahrbanoo, Mesgarabad, Lapehzanak and Chehelghez mines (as CaO, Fe2O3 and Al2O3 fractionation compensators in the form of iron ore and bauxite stones). Cement production is based on the setting of calcium saturation modulus, silica modulus and alumina modulus, among which the calcium saturation modulus is the most important factor in the composition of raw materials. In this plan, the issue of short-term production planning, the modulus adjustment, and the determination of the contribution of each resource in the supply of feed to the factory becomes a very attractive engineering problem, which requires the solution of this issue in terms of environmental and engineering indicators. Based on data gathered from geological maps and exploratory boreholes, as well as the analysis of surface samples of the studied areas, the set of mines was divided into 31 utilizable blocks. Then, by coding in the Lingo software environment, the extraction of blocks based on cement modulus was prioritized. The results of analyzes in production planning showed that the amount of calcium saturation modulus in the optimum setting is 82.12% and the minimum amount of elemental (MgO) is 2.69%, which is the result of the Tehran cement complex and causes the least amount of environmental pollution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - Evaluation of water production Asmari Reservoir in Doroud Oil Field wells
اصغر GHobadi جعفر Ali M.R Rajoli زینب AlishonadiIn this study, geological information, results of petrophysical analysis and production data were usedto determine reasons for water production from Asmari reservoir in Doroud Oil field and tried topresent suitable methods for controlling water production.According to t MoreIn this study, geological information, results of petrophysical analysis and production data were usedto determine reasons for water production from Asmari reservoir in Doroud Oil field and tried topresent suitable methods for controlling water production.According to this study the main reason forhigh water production is due to coning. Low anisotropy (vertical-horizontal permeability ratio) andhigh drowdown pressure are the main reasons for water coning. Chocking back the wells is the firststep to prevent water coning, however, utilizing dual completion and injection of gel polymer are tworemedial actions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Evaluating the effect of managerial and economic factors on broiler poultry production in Qom province
Ghasem Gholami sahar dehyouri -
Open Access Article
203 - Investigating the Impact of Agricultural Joint Stock Companies and Production Cooperatives on Rural Development in Kamyaran
Murad Kaykhosravi -
Open Access Article
204 - Analysis of Iran's Potato Market until 2021
shahrouz KHORAMI majid hasani moghadam -
Open Access Article
205 - A Study on Effective Factors on Lack of Tendency of Agriculture graduate Students College to Employment and Production in Animal Husbandry Sector
Serveh Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
206 - Factor analysis of factors affecting the success of the performance of board members of rural, manufacturing, and agricultural cooperatives (Idmo city)
Mahmoud M. Al-Hamouli Heba S. Yassen Faiza A. Mohamed -
Open Access Article
207 - Evaluating the performance of Bank Melli in supporting the production of domestic goods by providing banking facilities for the purchase of goods based on the Kaplan and Norton Balanced Scorecards model
Mohammad Aliyari Akbar Bagheri Ali Asghar Lotfi -
Open Access Article
208 - Investigation of the Barriers to the implementation of Private Investment in Construction of cogeneration system in Governmental medical centers
Ashkan Abdali SusanOne of the most suitable places for the implementation of cogeneration systems (CCHPs) are hospitals . The high and continuous of electricity, heating and cooling loads in these places have caused the use of this type of system to be of great attraction. The low tariffs MoreOne of the most suitable places for the implementation of cogeneration systems (CCHPs) are hospitals . The high and continuous of electricity, heating and cooling loads in these places have caused the use of this type of system to be of great attraction. The low tariffs for energy carriers in government hospitals have caused the private sector to refrain from investing directly in this sector due to lack of economic justification. In this study, which was performed in a typical hospital, as one of the most suitable places for construction of the CCHP system, the capacity has been estimated to 2.4 MW power plant based on two 1.2 MW gas engines. In this project, it is anticipated that by utilizing the waste heat of gas engines in the supply of heat and power to the hospital, the energy conversion efficiency could be increased from 42% to 56.4%. In this study, different solutions have been introduced in order to eliminate the obstacles of the ruler in attracting this amount of investment . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
209 - The use of geographic information system and remote sensing in evaluating the effects of watershed management projects implemented in the Rimleh Watershed of Khorramabad City.
Ebrahim Karimi Sangchini SeyedAbdolhossein Arami Ebrahim Yousefi MobarhanEvaluating the implemented watershed projects and providing a perspective of their performance results provide managers and decision-makers with appropriate information for long-term planning. Nowadays, by using powerful remote sensing software and geographic informatio MoreEvaluating the implemented watershed projects and providing a perspective of their performance results provide managers and decision-makers with appropriate information for long-term planning. Nowadays, by using powerful remote sensing software and geographic information system, the necessary calculations can be done with more accuracy and speed. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of watershed management projects implemented in the Rimeleh Watershed using geographic information system and remote sensing in terms of erosion, sedimentation, and runoff. EPM model was used to predict erosion before and after the implementation of watershed projects. American Soil Conservation Society (SCS) curve number method was used to calculate the runoff before and after implementation of watershed management plans. The CN coefficient was calculated for two applications prepared in 1370 and the current one. The paired t-test was used to investigate the statistical difference between the difference in production runoff and the amount of erosion and sedimentation before and after the implementation of watershed projects. The amount of total annual erosion and sedimentation in current conditions have decreased by an average of 6793 cubic meters and 5712 tons, respectively, compared to before the implementation of watershed protection plans. The amount of difference in the volume of annual runoff between before the implementation of the plans and the current conditions is on average about 15256 cubic meters. The results of the paired t-test showed that the watershed protection measures implemented in the Rimeleh Watershed have been able to create a significant difference in reducing erosion, sedimentation and production runoff, and the general conclusion is that these measures have had a significant positive effect in reducing erosion, sedimentation, and production runoff. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - Investigating the necessity of a sustainable production system of commercial vehicles in the country based on the dynamics system’s in the conditions of sanctions
Ardalan Hosseini Hassan Mehrmanesh Ahmadreza KasraeiThe automobile industry is one of the important and leading industries in the country, which plays an important role in generating income and economic growth. Therefore, the existence of stable systems in order to produce on time and whit high quality is of special nece MoreThe automobile industry is one of the important and leading industries in the country, which plays an important role in generating income and economic growth. Therefore, the existence of stable systems in order to produce on time and whit high quality is of special necessity in the automobile industry. Various models have been presented in the automobile industry based on non-sustainable production systems, each of has its own limitations and advantages. Considering that managers do not want to use stable systems due to their complexity. But this systems require a fundamental transformation in basic industries such as the automobile industry. So far, no method has been provided the can examine the necessity of a sustainable production system of commercial vehicles based on the dynamics system’s in the conditions of sanctions. In this article, in addition to modeling different methods of sustainable production system, the role and importance of this system, the factors affecting the system in the conditions of embargo, has been examined by presenting a dynamic model of sustainable production in the automobile industry. In order to achieve the intended goal, it is necessary that the main components and variables of this model are identified and test them. The research carried out in terms of targeting and research direction can be divided into applied, research and development categories. This research in fundamental and applied in nature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
211 - The impact of information and communication technology on the productivity of industries
سیده الهام صدیقی کامبیز هژبر کیانی یداله رجایی اشکان رحیم زادهAbstractThe industry sector is one of the most important and influential sectors in the economy ofany country. Information and communication technology can be effective on all types ofproductivity in industries through infrastructure channels. Iran, as a developing coun MoreAbstractThe industry sector is one of the most important and influential sectors in the economy ofany country. Information and communication technology can be effective on all types ofproductivity in industries through infrastructure channels. Iran, as a developing country,seeks to improve productivity due to its special conditions. In industries, in order to uselimited resources more and more efficiently, so that by increasing its competitive power,it can be successful in competing with global markets and international arenas. Therefore,the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of information and communicationtechnology on the productivity of all production factors.capital productivity and laborproductivity in factory industries of Zanjan and Qazvin provinces This research in termsof its practical purpose and its time period includes the years 2006-2016. The statisticalpopulation also includes factory industries with 10 workers and above in the two provincesof Zanjan and Qazvin. The relevant data is based on the latest published information ofthe four-digit isic codes of the industries. Factories with 10 or more workers in twoprovinces have been collected from the Iranian Statistics Center. The research hypotheseswere tested through panel data using the Cobb-Douglas production function and estimatedby Ols method by Eviews econometrics software. The results of this study show that Fawadoes not have a significant effect on capital productivity and labor productivity in twoprovinces, but it shows a negative and significant effect on the total productivity ofproduction factors in two provinces. Therefore, in order to increase the level of productionand improve productivity, different industries should include in their long-term plan bypreparing the necessary infrastructure for the introduction of technology suitable for theconditions and structure of the industry and providing new courses to prepare thespecialized workforce with new technologies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
212 - An Introduction to the Concept of Specialization in Archeological Studies
Hamidreza ValipourStudying technological and economical specialization in the prehistoric societies, as well as the way of understanding the same specialization, their measurements and Scales from the remaining evidences have faced a large number of difficulties. The term 'specialization MoreStudying technological and economical specialization in the prehistoric societies, as well as the way of understanding the same specialization, their measurements and Scales from the remaining evidences have faced a large number of difficulties. The term 'specialization' as a significant subject along with the economy of the prehistoric societies has long been regarded by anthropologists and archaeologists. The definition of the term, its origins, and the archaeological interpretation of this form of production organization has always been focused since 1960s. Archaeological researchers might lose the track in their interpretations of data without having clear standards for recognizing specialization lacking a lucid understanding of the term. Archaeologists delineate the origins of specialization using three models: 1. Commercial development model, 2. Adaptive model, 3. Political model. The given models indicate different approaches to the concept of studying specialization in archaeology. Such approaches are connected to the cultural, social, and economical evolution in prehistoric societies. In this paper, the concept and facets of craft specialization, production organization, standardization, styles, labor investment, the standards and methods of specialization have been concentrated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
213 - Generation Scheduling in Large-Scale Power Systems with Wind Farms Using MICA
Hossein Nasiragdam Nariman Najafian -
Open Access Article
214 - Increasing the Efficiency of Photovoltaic Systems by Using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)
Alireza Tofigh Rihani Majid Ghandchi -
Open Access Article
215 - A Network Data Envelopment Analysis Approach for Efficiency Measurement of Poultry Industry Production Chains
Ali Taherinezhad Alireza Alinezhad Saber Gholami Mahsa Abdolvand -
Open Access Article
216 - Electronic content based on p3 of the production process and the role of authoring tools for e-content in the curriculum of higher education
mehdi ghasemi mahvash kazemi maghsud amirkhandaghi hosein jafariToday the world is changing rapidly advanced electronic technology in teaching and learning process and content of the curriculum of higher education is inevitable . This study reviewed research and written and unwritten internal and external sources , with the ai MoreToday the world is changing rapidly advanced electronic technology in teaching and learning process and content of the curriculum of higher education is inevitable . This study reviewed research and written and unwritten internal and external sources , with the aim of introducing electronic content and the learning Sasyr dynamic model of and innovative approach to the production of electronic content such as ADDIE, SCORM, P3, several questions in the design of electronic content production process based on P3 and its authoring tools, deals. Accordingly, the Notes on the production of electronic content in the curriculum of higher education is proposed Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - Electronic content based on p3 of the production process and the role of authoring tools for e-content in the curriculum of higher education
maryam safrazade esmaeil saadipour shahram mlaniaToday the world is changing rapidly advanced electronic technology in teaching and learning process and content of the curriculum of higher education is inevitable . This study reviewed research and written and unwritten internal and external sources , with the ai MoreToday the world is changing rapidly advanced electronic technology in teaching and learning process and content of the curriculum of higher education is inevitable . This study reviewed research and written and unwritten internal and external sources , with the aim of introducing electronic content and the learning Sasyr dynamic model of and innovative approach to the production of electronic content such as ADDIE, SCORM, P3, several questions in the design of electronic content production process based on P3 and its authoring tools, deals. Accordingly, the Notes on the production of electronic content in the curriculum of higher education is proposed Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - An Analysis of Islamiyah, Experience of Resistance Economics in Iran during the Qajar Period (1278-1289
مریم حایکResistance economy as the main strategy was to withdraw from economic pressures. One of the aspects of production and consumption of goods is internal resistance economy. This Mqalh to answer the question of what factors in our historical experience in the Qajar period MoreResistance economy as the main strategy was to withdraw from economic pressures. One of the aspects of production and consumption of goods is internal resistance economy. This Mqalh to answer the question of what factors in our historical experience in the Qajar period to culminate in "domestic production and consumption of goods" was effective? To answer this question important factors in strengthening the national production at the company's activity Islamiyah, based on "qualitative content analysis" is checked. According to local patterns of successful role in promoting social issues, the result of unity and cooperation of various factors affecting the company's success Islamiyah including merchant capital, the spiritual and intellectual pen, noting that in the current situation, creating a strong economy and based on be local, not out of reach. The results indicated the necessity of enjoying the backing of nationalist sentiment and religious beliefs to realize the current situation is the strength of the economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - Historical Perspective renovation and development of Khuzestan (Based on declaration of free shipping in the Karun River and oil exploration/production)
محمدرضا علم علی لجم اورک مرادیHistorical Perspective renovation and development of Khuzestan (Based on declaration of free shipping in the Karun River and oil exploration/production) Modernization and development are of the most important issues for historical, economic and sociological study in the MoreHistorical Perspective renovation and development of Khuzestan (Based on declaration of free shipping in the Karun River and oil exploration/production) Modernization and development are of the most important issues for historical, economic and sociological study in the special area. Modernization and development process in the Khuzestan have vital effect in the inhabitant’s life and even whole country for example political life, social, economic and cultural aspects. The reasons for this development started In 1306 AH / 1888 AC, during the Naser Aldine Shah Qajar time and the Karun free shipping, and then continued with exploration and extraction of oil in 1907 in the Masjed Soleiman. This study aim is investigation about reasons for Khuzestan development based on free shipping in the Karun River and oil exploration/production. In this study was used from describe and analyzes method on original historical information. Keyword: Keyword: Khuzestan, Modernization and development, Karun, oil exploration&production, Company-city Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Causes of decline in production and trade of Gilan's Silk at the end of the Safavi government
غلامرضا رحیمی Muhammad Karim Yousef_jamali ناصر جدیدیProduction and trade of silk decreased significantly at the end of the Safavi government. Since the beginning of the government, there were some factor were formed over time in Gilan area- as an important center for production of silk- that caused the decline and even d MoreProduction and trade of silk decreased significantly at the end of the Safavi government. Since the beginning of the government, there were some factor were formed over time in Gilan area- as an important center for production of silk- that caused the decline and even destruction of producing this product in this important area.In the current research, it is tried to consider these factors or causes based on economic , political and social structure of Gilan and also performance of safavi representatives. At first we consider the inner factors or causes such as riots and movements, tax pressures, making Galan especial, transforming the center of Galan from lahijan as the most important producer of silk to Rasht , silk worm discases and not knowing the correct wag of keeping piled things and natural disasters and then we consider the external factors or causes such as selling crisis of silk that caused the production of common coins (gold and silver) and foreign trade be decreased and repeated invasion of Cossacks and Afghans. The research method was libraries and by referring to historical texts. The main finding of the research shows that although invasion of Afghans has been as the most important reason of fall of the savafi government, the above- mentioned factors that decreased the production of Gilan's silk, have been effective in the fall and loss of powerful safavi government. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - An Analysis of Islamiyah, Experience of Resistance Economics in Iran during the Qajar Period (1278-1289)
maryam heyekResistance economy as the main strategy was to withdraw from economic pressures. One of the aspects of production and consumption of goods is internal resistance economy. This Mqalh to answer the question of what factors in our historical experience in the Qajar period MoreResistance economy as the main strategy was to withdraw from economic pressures. One of the aspects of production and consumption of goods is internal resistance economy. This Mqalh to answer the question of what factors in our historical experience in the Qajar period to culminate in "domestic production and consumption of goods" was effective? To answer this question important factors in strengthening the national production at the company's activity Islamiyah, based on "qualitative content analysis" is checked. According to local patterns of successful role in promoting social issues, the result of unity and cooperation of various factors affecting the company's success Islamiyah including merchant capital, the spiritual and intellectual pen, noting that in the current situation, creating a strong economy and based on be local, not out of reach. The results indicated the necessity of enjoying the backing of nationalist sentiment and religious beliefs to realize the current situation is the strength of the economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - Historical Perspective renovation and development of Khuzestan
mohammadreza alam ali moradiModernization and development are of the most important issues for historical, economic and sociological study in the special area. Modernization and development process in the Khuzestan have vital effect in the inhabitant’s life and even whole country for example MoreModernization and development are of the most important issues for historical, economic and sociological study in the special area. Modernization and development process in the Khuzestan have vital effect in the inhabitant’s life and even whole country for example political life, social, economic and cultural aspects. The reasons for this development started In 1306 AH / 1888 AC, during the Naser Aldine Shah Qajar time and the Karun free shipping, and then continued with exploration and extraction of oil in 1907 in the MasjedSoleiman. This study aim is investigation about reasons for Khuzestan development based on free shipping in the Karun River and oil exploration/production. In this study was used from describe and analyzes method on original historical information. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
223 - A survey of convince the audience about the most visited articles in the Journal of The Application of Chemistry in Environment
Younes Karimi Fardinpour Naser Moslehi Milani Behzad EntezariContent production as one of the intervening factors in changing attitudes can play a role in encouraging students to apply chemistry in the environment. In this article, the aim is to identify the criteria for producing content that encourages the application of chemis MoreContent production as one of the intervening factors in changing attitudes can play a role in encouraging students to apply chemistry in the environment. In this article, the aim is to identify the criteria for producing content that encourages the application of chemistry in the environment and to analyze the most popular articles in the Journal of The application of chemistry in environment published by Islamic Azad University, Ahar Branch. The present study tries to identify the components that motivate to change attitudes and persuasion theoretically. In fact, the present study, by assuming the effectiveness of these components and using a qualitative approach to content analysis, evaluates the content related to the application of chemistry in the most visited articles in the Journal of The application of chemistry in environment. The results of this study can show what capacity the production of educational content focusing on the application of chemistry in the environment has to change the attitude of the audience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
224 - The Effect of Teaching English Lexical Clusters on Iranian EFL Intermediate Learners’ Speaking Accuracy
Mohammad Taghi Hassani Maryam Jamali -
Open Access Article
225 - Proposing Strategies to Obtain Customer Satisfaction in the Interaction Between Customer Performance and production Performance as a Competitive Advantage,a TQM Approach
Afsaneh Rahimi AliReza IrajpourProposing Strategies to Obtain Customer Satisfaction in the Interaction Between Customer Performance and production Performance as a Competitive Advantage,a TQM ApproachProposing Strategies to Obtain Customer Satisfaction in the Interaction Between Customer Performance and production Performance as a Competitive Advantage,a TQM Approach Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - Integrated model for supply, production and distribution the products in the lean supply chain and solving it with genetic and frog leaping algorithms
morteza jabale Hossein Ali Hassan pourSupply chains express the sequence of steps related to the production process, from procurement of raw materials to deliver final products to the customer market. In this research, an integrated mathematical model is used for planning, supply, production and distributio MoreSupply chains express the sequence of steps related to the production process, from procurement of raw materials to deliver final products to the customer market. In this research, an integrated mathematical model is used for planning, supply, production and distribution of the products in a lean supply chain network. The proposed model regarding the inventory holding level of products and making contract, reduces the total cost of the supply chain. The desired supply chain has several raw materials and products, with four layers of suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and customers in several periods. The proposed model, plan for making contracts for suppliers and manufacturers and show in which periods they should make contracts. The GAMS program is used for mathematical model validation. Then, two meta-heuristics algorithms including genetic algorithm and Frog leaping algorithm is proposed and Meta-heuristics algorithms and GAMS`s results are Compared to validate proposed algorithms. In the End using sensitivity analysis, model`s behavior for changing primal parameters of the problem is Analyzed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Solving the multi-objective mathematical model of online load balancing in the production line with the Hybrid method of genetic algorithm and ant lion
Nima Rahmani Alireza Irajpour Naser Hamidi Akbar Alam Tabriz Reza Ehtesham RasiThe timely production of orders and their delivery to the customer is a competitive advantage that makes production systems and becomes customer satisfaction. Balancing the load of orders on work stations, reducing the time of the production period and minimizing the co MoreThe timely production of orders and their delivery to the customer is a competitive advantage that makes production systems and becomes customer satisfaction. Balancing the load of orders on work stations, reducing the time of the production period and minimizing the cost of human skills and access to machines can be components in the cases of balance of production lines. In this article, by addressing the above components of the mathematical model, several objectives for checking the online load balance are presented. Solving the mathematical model is done by introducing the combined meta-heuristic algorithm of multi-objective genetics and ant milk, this solution method selects the fittest parents based on the fitness of the initial population by using the feature of selecting the initial population and having the search memory to find quality answers at the right time. produces. The results obtained compared to the previous online load balancing methods show that the production time and load balance on the workstations have been improved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - Designing a sustainable production model in the automotive industry under sanctions and with a world-class approach
zahra pourvaziry gholamreza hashemzadeh khorasgani mahmood modiri hassan farsijaniAbstractIn the current era, one of the most important elements for the survival of the industry is to take advantage of a vision based on sustainable development. World-class manufacturing as a model of operational excellence transforms industry-related paradigms, so ac MoreAbstractIn the current era, one of the most important elements for the survival of the industry is to take advantage of a vision based on sustainable development. World-class manufacturing as a model of operational excellence transforms industry-related paradigms, so achieving sustainable world-class manufacturing components based on the localization approach in the automotive industry can be important solution in the field. The evolution of industry should be considered. This article is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-exploratory in terms of performance. At the first time, the most important indicators of the world-class sustainable manufacturing model were identified based on the opinions of experts, and then the indicators were screened, after that, the data were analyzed to determine the relationships and how the factors affect each other. Finally, the prioritization of indicators is presented as the output of the model. The results show, in order to achieve sustainable production in the automotive industry, more attention needs to be noticed to the environmental dimension as one of the most important and effective dimensions of sustainable production and other barriers play a significant role in implementing strategies related to it.Keywords: Sustainable Production, World Class manufacturing, Sustainable Development, Automotive Industry Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - Identifying and Ranking the Enablers in the Supply Chain Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Tools
Omid Mehri namakavarani Hossein Kazemi Farzin Rezaei reza Ehtesham rasiIn the present industrial environment of the country (Iran), the issue of supply chain is among the discussed topics. However, the supply chain in a company will only have a competitive power when having strong and competitive components and an ideal stability as well. MoreIn the present industrial environment of the country (Iran), the issue of supply chain is among the discussed topics. However, the supply chain in a company will only have a competitive power when having strong and competitive components and an ideal stability as well. The present research is mainly aimed at identifying and ranking the enablers in the smart supply chain through using multi-criteria decision-making tools. This research’s case study includes four Petrochemical companies, Nouri, Jam, Khark, and Pardis during the solar year 1400 (2021-2022). The importance of each of the aforementioned enablers in the smart supply chain was investigated according to the relevant questionnaires; given the ranking of the enablers’ importance in the smart supply chain and in accordance with the experts’ opinions, seven factors were chosen as the key enablers of the smart supply chain, including big data skills and knowledge, appropriate and feasibility studies to help choose and use big data techniques, product tracking and localization, transparency and visibility, electronic supply chain management, data transfer improvement, and effective and cost-effective development, as well as the weight of data integrity technology. At the next stage, these options’ performance in the realization of supply chain enablers was assessed. WASPAS method was the proposed technique to this end, based on which, Khark Petrochemical Company, Nouri Petrochemical Company, Pardis Petrochemical Company, and Jam Petrochemical Company were respectively introduced as the final ranking based on the relevant enabler indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - Identify the Challenges and Solutions for Joining Iran to the World Trade Organization
Mahmmod Yahyazadeh Far Hasanali Aghajani Mehrdad Madhoshi KHezrollah MatajiJoining the WTO opens a big competitive market for Iranian producers through which they can make their abilities global. Many industries in the current competitive environment require proper planning and decision making for joining the international communities with wor MoreJoining the WTO opens a big competitive market for Iranian producers through which they can make their abilities global. Many industries in the current competitive environment require proper planning and decision making for joining the international communities with world-class approach. For competition in the global markets, it is required for the countries to be a member of the WTO as the main custodian of free trade and movement of goods and services in the world.According to the membership of majority countries in the world in this organization and the massive amount of trades between these countries, there are many opposite and agreement comments as well as challenges before and after joining Iran to the WTO. According to the analysis on the challenges of joining to this organization, some solutions have been presented in automotive industry for dealing with the challenges after joining Iran to the mentioned organization.Given the importance of this topic, the main objective of this study is to apply the DEMATEL method to identify and prioritize the challenges as well as presenting some solutions for joining Iran to the WTO with production approach in world-class in Iran’s automotive industry using three ramifications model. During the administrative process in this study and after identifying the challenges, the network relationships were determined and some solutions were presented and prioritized. In the last section of study, the mentioned explanations are summarized and then, discussion, comparison, conclusion and suggestions are presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - Designing a Mathematic Model for Optimization of Processes of Production Planning and Inventory Control in Reverse Supply Chain
Abbas Toloie Ashlaghi Reza EhteshamRasi Jamshid Nazemi Mahmood AlborziIn this research, production planning and the amount controlling of inventory have been as effective factors in the process of reverse supply chain in flow returned products from customers to producers. Also, as the amount of recoverable as well as rec MoreIn this research, production planning and the amount controlling of inventory have been as effective factors in the process of reverse supply chain in flow returned products from customers to producers. Also, as the amount of recoverable as well as recycling returned products factors are in uncertainty and probability condition; therefore, a model which is enable to meet customers ‘needs in terms of least delay time, high flexibility and low cost of supply chain is necessary. The results of multi objective mathematic model is to meet and optimize different objectives as increasing profitability, decreasing cost, decreasing the environment pollution, scrap and processing time. Considering that the reverse supply chain problem is categorized in NP-Hard problems which are not easily solvable by Gradient methods thus other methods like Genetic Algorithm for optimizing production planning and inventory control in reverse supply chain was used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - A Model to Integrated Production-Distribution Planning in a Supply Chain
Abolfazl Kazemi Keyvan Sarrafha Alireza AlinezhadSupply chain management (SCM) is a subject that has found so much attention among different commercial and industrial organizations due to competing environment of products. Therefore, integration of constituent element of this chain is a great deal. One of the importan MoreSupply chain management (SCM) is a subject that has found so much attention among different commercial and industrial organizations due to competing environment of products. Therefore, integration of constituent element of this chain is a great deal. One of the important subjects of supply chain is production-distribution planning. Integrated production and distribution of products has key role to increase of the costs in supply chain. In this paper, a bi-objective integrated production-distribution problem in a three echelon supply chain includes factories, distribution centers and final costumers for multi-products at multi-time period are presented. Two conflicting objectives by minimizing total costs of chain and costs of the distribution warehouses are considered. The Lp-metric method with P=1 and P=∞ is used to solve the model. Finally by considering two metrics of solution quality as integrated objective functions, and CPU, time method have been implemented on several problems and the performance of proposed methodologies is analyzed as statistic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - Designing the Model of Ethical Leadership, Compatible to the Governmental Organizations of Iran
Keyvan Shahgholian Meysam Alizadeh SiyahkalOne of the issues of reducing waste and therefore increasing productivity in manufacturing enterprises is to endow with smooth and good production layout. Thus, identification and assessment of the factors hindering the realization of the expected productivity of the pr MoreOne of the issues of reducing waste and therefore increasing productivity in manufacturing enterprises is to endow with smooth and good production layout. Thus, identification and assessment of the factors hindering the realization of the expected productivity of the production flow layout is the important. One of these factors is waste; Organizations can make layouts and production stream productive by following up lean thinking model, thereby producing final products with minimal waste. Helps organizations aware of the loss, up to making the right decisions in order to remove those that do not create any added value in the product, apply. Since the measurement of waste, or people's reasoning was based on the knowledge of experts and it is also subjective judgment, the information is ambiguous and linguistic variables in most the criteria. Therefore, there is a powerful technique that can be used on the basis of vague information, it is necessary. Therefore, the proposed fuzzy inference system and Matlab software is used to simulate it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
234 - Meta-heuristic Algorithms for an Integrated Production-Distribution Planning Problem in a Multi-Objective Supply Chain
Abolfazl Kazemi Fatemeh Kangi Maghsoud Amiri -
Open Access Article
235 - A Hierarchical Production Planning and Finite Scheduling Framework for Part Families in Flexible Job-shop (with a case study)
Davod Abachi fariborz jolai hasan haleh -
Open Access Article
236 - Designing an integrated production/distribution and inventory planning model of fixed-life perishable products
Javad Rezaeian keyvan Shokoufi Sepide Haghayegh Iraj Mahdavi -
Open Access Article
237 - Production Constraints Modelling: A Tactical Review Approach
Chinedum Mgbemena Emmanuel Chinwuko Henry Ifowodo -
Open Access Article
238 - A simulated annealing algorithm to determine a group layout and production plan in a dynamic cellular manufacturing system
Reza KiA Nikbakhsh Javadian Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
239 - A Ratio-Based Efficiency Measurement for Ranking Multi-Stage Production Systems in DEA
Roza Azizi Reza Kazemi Matin -
Open Access Article
240 - A New Bi-objective Mathematical Model to Optimize Reliability and Cost of Aggregate Production Planning System in a Paper and Wood Company
Mohammad Ramyar Esmaeil Mehdizadeh Seyyed Mohammad Hadji Molana -
Open Access Article
241 - Efficiency evaluation of wheat farming: a network data envelopment analysis approach
Reza Kazemi Matin Roza Azizi -
Open Access Article
242 - Production Planning and Control Strategies Used as A Gear Train for The Death and Birth of Manufacturing Industries
Alie Wube Dametew Danile Ketaw Ebinger Frank -
Open Access Article
243 - Assessing the impact of environmental aspects, land use, and R&D policies on peri-urban agriculture using a system dynamics approach
Armin Cheraghalipour Emad Roghanian -
Open Access Article
244 - Multi-objective optimization of production: A case study on simplex, goal programming, and pareto front models
Astrid Putri Mochamad Hariadi Reza Rachmadi -
Open Access Article
245 - Electrical Energy Management of Industrial Consumers to Increase Profitability with an Optimal Control Strategy - a case study
Mahmoud Zadehbagheri Mohammadjavad Kiani Ali Asghar Ghanbari -
Open Access Article
246 - Building a Multi-Objective Model for Multi-Product Multi-Period Production Planning with Controllable Processing Times: A Real Case Problem
Mir Bahadorgholi Aryanezhad Mehdi Karimi-Nasab Seyed Mohammad Taghi Fatemi Ghomi -
Open Access Article
247 - Sequencing Mixed Model Assembly Line Problem to Minimize Line Stoppages Cost by a Modified Simulated Annealing Algorithm Based on Cloud Theory
Zaman Zamami Amlashi Mostafa Zandieh -
Open Access Article
248 - Multiple Batch Sizing through Batch Size Smoothing
Mir bahadorgholi Aryanezhad Mehdi Karimi nasab Sudabeh Bakhshi -
Open Access Article
249 - A Multi-level Capacitated Lot-sizing Problem with Safety Stock Deficit and Production Manners: A Revised Simulated Annealing
Esameil Mehdizadeh Mohammad Reza Mohammadizadeh -
Open Access Article
250 - Facility Location and Inventory Balancing in a Multi-period Multi-echelon Multi-objective Supply Chain: An MOEA Approach
Seyed Habib A. Rahmati Abbas Ahmadi Behrooz Karimi -
Open Access Article
251 - A multi-objective evolutionary approach for integrated production-distribution planning problem in a supply chain network
Keyvan Sarrafha Abolfazl Kazemi Alireza Alinezhad -
Open Access Article
252 - The Measurement of Technical Efficiency and Effective Factors in Cucumber Greenhouse (Case Study: Eastern Azarbayjan Province)
B. Abdollahi H. Raheli M. Taghizadeh M. Kasrani B. NajaflouThe purpose of this study was to estimate technical efficiency of cucumber greenhouses in Eastern Azarbayjan. In economic literature, it means the ratio of maximum output to the inputs. The objective of this research was to determinate the effective factors influencing MoreThe purpose of this study was to estimate technical efficiency of cucumber greenhouses in Eastern Azarbayjan. In economic literature, it means the ratio of maximum output to the inputs. The objective of this research was to determinate the effective factors influencing it's inefficiency. The method of determination of deterministic and stochastic technical efficiency is corrected ordinary least squares (COLS) and maximum likelihood (ML) respectively. The average of technical efficiency in province’s cucumber greenhouse is approximately about 57 and 93 percent for deterministic and stochastic frontier method respectively. Production types had positive influence on technical inefficiency whereas experience of manager have negative influence on technical inefficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
253 - The Impact of Agricultural Products Insurance on Using Technical-Healthy Regulations of Production: A Case Study of Industrial Livestock and Apple Farms
A. Falsafian S.K. VaeziAgricultural insurance is considered as a support policy that reduces negative effects of risk in agricultural farms. In addition, it can improve managerial behavior of insured and technical-healthy regulations of production by using some special tools. This study inves MoreAgricultural insurance is considered as a support policy that reduces negative effects of risk in agricultural farms. In addition, it can improve managerial behavior of insured and technical-healthy regulations of production by using some special tools. This study investigated the impact ofinsurance of agricultural products insurance on using technical-healthy regulations of production in industrial livestock farms at Khorasan province and apple farms at Damavand County. To this end, the required data were survyed from the farms; then it was statistically analyzed. Results indicated that the insurance has exactly significant influence on using any of technical-healthy regulations of production in industrial livestock farms; whereas the insurance does not have any significant influence in the apple farms. In addition, it was also found out that the greatest influence of insurance was in industrial livestock and apple farms that had less than 200 animals and 3 hectares farms, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - The Effect of Cover Crops on Yield and Weeds Control of Patato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Soghra Ghahremani Ali Ebadi Ahmad Tobeh Masoud Hashemi Mohammad Sedghi Abdolghayum GholipuriUsing an effective management method can reduce weed contamination of main crop plants. To investigate the effect of cover crops on weed control and potato yield an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Research Fi MoreUsing an effective management method can reduce weed contamination of main crop plants. To investigate the effect of cover crops on weed control and potato yield an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Research Field of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in autumn of 2017 and spring of 2018. Experimental treatments consisted of oat (Avena sativa L.), white radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and double blend cultivation with 50% seed ratio and control treatment at 2017 (autumn) and subsequent potato planting in 2018 (spring). The results showed that the cover crops had a significant effect on lambsquarter (Chenopodium album L.), Amaranthus retroflexus L. and total weeds biomass in the main crop (potato) but not on other weeds (including Cirsium arvense L.). The highest biomass (466.1 g.m-2) among the cover crops and the lowest winter weeds biomass were related to white radish monoculture. The lowest weed biomass of amaranthus and total weeds biomass were obtained from white radish, and the lowest biomass of lambsquarter was obtained from white radish+oat. White radish was able to control 45.7% of total weed biomasses compared to control treatment. The highest yield and average tuber weight, marketable percentage and the lowest small potato tubers were obtained by white radish. White radish had the highest yield (3.74 kg.m-2), which increased potato yield by 46.3%, as compared to the control treatment. The highest number of potato tubers was obtained from oat as cover crop. Growing white radish along with oats also had the highest percentage of oversize tubers. In general, white radish can be a good choice to be used for winter cover crop before potato planting, either as a intercropping with Poaceae species or as a monoculture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - Effect of Azospirillum lipoferum Inoculation, Previous Crop, and Usage Nitrogen on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Growth and Yield
Milad Javadi Hashem AminpanahIncorporation of winter legume crops in rotation with rice and using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be a proper alternative approach in increasing sustainable crop production in rice fields. A split factorial field experiment using randomized complete block de MoreIncorporation of winter legume crops in rotation with rice and using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be a proper alternative approach in increasing sustainable crop production in rice fields. A split factorial field experiment using randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the Rice Research Station of Tonekabon, Mazandaran province, Iran, in 2014 to evaluate the effects of previous crop, Azospirillum lipoferum inoculation, and N rate on growth and seed yield of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Shiroudi). Main plots were consisted of previous crop [berseem clover, faba bean, and control (fallow)] and subplots of Azospirillum lipoferum (Inoculated and Un-inoculated) and recommended rate of N applications (50, 75, and 100 kg.ha-1). Analysis of variance showed that rice paddy yield was significantly affected by previous crop, Azospirillum lipoferum and N rate. Result also showed that rice paddy yield was increased only by 3% when rice was planted after berseem clover as it compared with rice plant after fallow. However, rice paddy yield was significantly reduced by 16% when it was planted after faba bean as compared to that it was planted after fallow. Rice paddy yield was significantly increased by 14% after Azospirillum lipoferum inoculation. Rice paddy yield was significantly increased by 11% when N application increased from 50 to 75 kg N ha-1, and further N application (100 kg N ha-1) did not affect paddy yield significantly. Based on the result of this experiment, planting rice after berseem clover, Azospirillum lipoferum inoculation and application of kg N ha-1 of recommended rates can be used to obtain highest paddy yield in the experimental site. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - Effect of Foliar Application of Chitosan and Salicylic Acid on Morphological Traits and Essential Oil Quality of Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.)
Negin Safari Kamal Abadi Nasser Mohebalipour Mehdi Oraei Hasan Nourafcan Asad AsadiLemon balm is an aromatic and perennial bushy plant with interesting pharmacological and biological properties, which extensively distributed in the Mediterranean region and Asia. The effects of salicylic acid (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg.L-1) and chitosan (50, 100, 150 and MoreLemon balm is an aromatic and perennial bushy plant with interesting pharmacological and biological properties, which extensively distributed in the Mediterranean region and Asia. The effects of salicylic acid (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg.L-1) and chitosan (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg.L-1) foliar application on plant parameters, essential oil and chemical compositions of lemon balm at two different harvest stages (seedling and flowering) were evaluated. The results showed that the highest values of chlorophyll index obtained from foliar application of 150 and 200 mg/L chitosan. Application of chitosan (all concentration levels except 50 mg.L-1) significantly improved the plant height of lemon balm compared with the control. Leaf and dry weight of aerial parts per plant increased with increasing in salicylic acid and chitosan concentrations. The essential oil compounds of lemon balm (citronellal, caryophyllene, linalool, carvacrol, α-pinene, geraniol) at flowering harvest stage were significantly higher than the seedling harvest stage. Foliar application of chitosan was more effective than salicylic acid in increasing essential oil compounds of lemon balm. The essential oil content ranged between 0.07% and 0.09% in the seedling harvest stage and between 0.30% and 0.52% in the flowering harvest stage. The highest value of essential oil (0.52%) was recorded from the flowering harvest stage with foliar application of 200 mg.L-1 chitosan. The findings of the current study showed that both elicitors possess strong potential in biomass production and enhancement of essential oil compounds in lemon balm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
257 - Sociology of living styles (production – consumption culture)
Ayoub Youssef Pour Nezami Human living style(s) has material and immaterial origins. Sociology using analytical tool of culture, studies both material and immaterial components. One of the elements of immaterial cultural life style is epistemic. This article reviews civilization and urba More Human living style(s) has material and immaterial origins. Sociology using analytical tool of culture, studies both material and immaterial components. One of the elements of immaterial cultural life style is epistemic. This article reviews civilization and urbanization process paying briefly to the characteristics and epistemological foundations of traditional, modern and post-modern lifestyles. In civilization process, human lifestyle has changed. These changes were examined in production and consumption and also it is discussed about the civilized human’s unskillfulness in daily life and housekeeping, his alienation and captivity in an iron cage or global jungle. Production-consumption craze of modernism and consumerism and forging of post modernism are among cases which have been criticized as destructive consequences of those two philosophies (modernism and post-modernism). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - The exploration of habitat: sociology in the Quranic story of Saleh and Naqhatollah
Ayoub Youssef Pour NezamiThis paper has reread the Salah’s story using descriptive and analytical-hermeneutical approaches and the nature in ecological/ sociological reading is regarded as Naqhatollah. The result is that the natural structure has a share of life resources (water,&h MoreThis paper has reread the Salah’s story using descriptive and analytical-hermeneutical approaches and the nature in ecological/ sociological reading is regarded as Naqhatollah. The result is that the natural structure has a share of life resources (water,…) ( especially today against insanity of production and consumption of modernism-humanism ) which need attention, care and nursing that the author called it integrated management and nursing. This management and nursing of nature (Naqhatollah) and integrated production and consumption culture are among inferential doctrines and massages of the story. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - Study Of Relationship Between Cultural Capital And Identity Formation Among Boy Preuniversity Students Of Bookan City.
Sirus Fakhraei Anvar karimianThis study offers empirical measures for the concepts of cultural capital and social identity, analyzes the relationship between various dimensions of cultural capital and how one defines himself and examines the correlation between cultural capital and salience of vari MoreThis study offers empirical measures for the concepts of cultural capital and social identity, analyzes the relationship between various dimensions of cultural capital and how one defines himself and examines the correlation between cultural capital and salience of various social Identities. The study consists of a survey research conducted among 250 preuniversity students of Bookan city. Based on the theory offered by Pierre Bourdieu cultural capital has three dimensions: subjective, objective and institutional. Social Identity includes ethnical identity, national identity, religious identity and universal identity. There isn’t a positive correlation between cultural capital and the salience of the identities. Yet, the highest degrees of correlation are with ethnic and individual and national and religious identities, while the lowest is with global Identity. Also, the correlation between the various types of social identity and institutional and subjective dimensions of cultural capital is to some extent different from that with the objective dimension. Also, There is a meaningful relationship between the subjective dimension of cultural capital and tribal and national identities; while there is no meaningful relationship between the subjective dimension of cultural capital and the international and religions identities. And there is no meaningful relationship between the international dimension of cultural capital and the international, religions, national and tribal identities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - The role of an irregularity in the civil liability of producers
ronak sharifi reza nikkhah siamak afarzadehConstitutive provisions imply the removal of liability through warning. According to this rule, if the behavior of a dangerous action does not give sufficient and sufficient warnings to the endangered audience, it is not responsible for the harm caused by the action. In MoreConstitutive provisions imply the removal of liability through warning. According to this rule, if the behavior of a dangerous action does not give sufficient and sufficient warnings to the endangered audience, it is not responsible for the harm caused by the action. In the context of the manufacturer's responsibility, the warning is considered to be a harmful substitute for the supply of goods and the collapse of the potential risks and disadvantages of the goods is a clear indication of the manner in which the cucumber can be traded to terminate the transaction and in addition to the customer any damage caused by This item can claim compensation and, on the other hand, if the seller or the manufacturer provides the necessary warning, he will not be held liable to the customer by virtue of a statutory liability. The amount of warnings required for consumer awareness according to the type of product offered is the standard behavior of the manufacturer of the same type of goods, according to the standards for each section. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - Priority of the leap of production in the sources of Imami jurisprudence
Ebrahim Mahmoodzadeh rahim vakilzade Reza RanjbarIn Islam economy, achieving a leap in production in all fields requires effective methods and strategies, which will not be possible without practical adherence to the principles of the Qur'an, tradition and the observance of priorities in production; Therefore, any ste MoreIn Islam economy, achieving a leap in production in all fields requires effective methods and strategies, which will not be possible without practical adherence to the principles of the Qur'an, tradition and the observance of priorities in production; Therefore, any step to improve the economic situation and the emergence of change and overtaking in it, compared to the past can be considered as steps towards excellence in production and improving the productivity of various sectors of society, public welfare and upgrading the system and the country. The purpose of this study is to extract the basics of production leap based on verses and hadiths and explain the criteria and use them to encourage producers to adhere to these principles and their practical application by economic planners, due to cultural support in society and their wide acceptance; Which can be a good guarantee for better success of programs. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical based on collecting information from sources, valid documents, written opinions of jurists and thinkers. Research findings indicate that in the Holy Quran and hadiths, in addition to expressing the importance and emphasis on the basics and prioritization of productive activities, practical ways to accelerate the use of production factors and natural gifts, agriculture, industry and trade for Achieving the economic progress of individuals and communities, presented; And by encouraging observance of the findings, a leap in production in the economy can be achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - The Role of School in Reproduction of Iranian Political System
Samad Kalantari Shoaib BahmanSchools play strong role in the process of political sociology and the transition of cultural values to the next generations. This function of school could lead to the reproduction of existing political system and internalization of nation’s values, principles and MoreSchools play strong role in the process of political sociology and the transition of cultural values to the next generations. This function of school could lead to the reproduction of existing political system and internalization of nation’s values, principles and goals. Schools also play significant role in the public participation, higher legitimacy of political system, the preservation of public and individual identity and the social capital for the support of political system. Hence, it is tried in this article to study the role of school in the reproduction of existing political system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - بررسی تاثیر آموزش فرآیند خطی درمقابل آموزش مبتنی برفن معانی بیان برروی کنش زبان نوشتاری فراگیران زبان دوم پایه متوسط
زهرا طالبی نادر اسدی هانیه دواتگریهدف اصلی پژوهش نیمه تجربی حاضر بررسی تاثیر آموزش آموزش فرآیند خطی درمقابل آموزش مبتنی برفن معانی بیان بررویکنش زباننوشتاری فراگیران زبان انگلیسی ازنظردرستی میباشد. بدین منظورجامعه آماری متشکل از 40 نفر دختر باسطح مهارت زبانی متوسط به صورت نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخا Moreهدف اصلی پژوهش نیمه تجربی حاضر بررسی تاثیر آموزش آموزش فرآیند خطی درمقابل آموزش مبتنی برفن معانی بیان بررویکنش زباننوشتاری فراگیران زبان انگلیسی ازنظردرستی میباشد. بدین منظورجامعه آماری متشکل از 40 نفر دختر باسطح مهارت زبانی متوسط به صورت نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی به دوگروه آزمایشی مساوی فرآیند و ژانر(علم فن معانی بیان) تقسیم گردیدند . گروههای آزمایش به مدت 8 جلسه 2ساعتی تحت آموزش قرارگرفتند . برای جمع آوری اطلاعات نوشتاری فراگیران از دونوع فعالیت نوشتار ی تولیدی محور روایی و فرآیندمحورمتناسب معتبرباهدف تحقیق درمورد دو گروه در مراحل پیش آزمون ، پس آزمون استفاده گردید . به منظورتجزیه وتحلیل داده های حاصل ازپژوهش ازروش تحلیل آماری tمستقل استفاده گردید .دربررسی نتایج تجزیه وتحلیل آماری تفاوت معناداری بین عملکرد دو گروه آزمایش (فرآیند وژانر) در فعالیت نوشتار ی تولیدی فرآیندمحور ازنظردرستی وجود داشت . اما نتایج پژوهش تفاوت معناداری ازنظر درستی بین عملکرد دو گروه آزمایش (فرآیند وژانر) در فعالیت نوشتار ی تولیدی محورروایی را نشان نداد . نتایج حاصله ازاین پژوهش میتواند برای مدرسین زبان انگلیسی ، برنامه ریزان مراکز تربیت معلم، تهیه و تدوین کنندگان مطالب درسی، نویسندگان کتب درسی وتئوری پردازان حوزه فراگیران زبان دوم سودمندو مفید باشد . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - Effect of dietary prebiotic inulin on production and intestinal microflora density of juvenile Beluga, Huso huso
R. Akrami A.M. Hajimoradloo A. Matinfar A.M. Abedian Kenari R. MazandaraniUse of prebiotics, indigestible dietary ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth of and/or activating the metabolism of health-promoting bacteria in the intestinal tract, is a novel concept in aquaculture. Three replicate group MoreUse of prebiotics, indigestible dietary ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth of and/or activating the metabolism of health-promoting bacteria in the intestinal tract, is a novel concept in aquaculture. Three replicate groups of fish (initially averaging weight and biomass were 16.14 ± 0.38 g and 821.58g, respectively in each group) were kept in 800L fiberglass tanks under homogenous condition and fed diets containing prebiotic inulin levels ranging from 1% to 3%. The basal diet was contained 3% cellulose. An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different dietary prebiotic inulin on production and intestinal micro flora density of juvenile Beluga, Huso huso. The results of linear regression showed there was a negative relationship between production index and supplementation level of inulin. At the end of trial, the density of colony count, yeasts and moulds and lactobacillus count was decreased with supplementation level of inulin. The 1% inulin treatment showed an enhaced survival without any significance among treatments, and intestinal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) increased in this group in comparison with other groups. The experiment indicated that the prebiotic inulin didn’t influence the increase of the production and it is not appropriate for supplementation in the diet of beluga. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - Induced reproduction of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) using pituitary extract, hCG and LHRHa2
samaneh poursaeidAbstract[1]This study was carried out with the aim of induction of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) using various hormones. For this reason, fish were injected under four hormonal treatments, so that each group of four broods were injected in two doses with pituitary hormo MoreAbstract[1]This study was carried out with the aim of induction of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) using various hormones. For this reason, fish were injected under four hormonal treatments, so that each group of four broods were injected in two doses with pituitary hormone extract (1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg), LHRHa2 (3.5 and 10 µg/kg), hCG (150 and 500 IU/kg), and saline (control). The results showed that all male and wild females responded to pituitary extract and LHRHa2, while in wild female which injected with hCG and farmed females which injected with hCG and pituitary extract, 75 percent responded to hormone therapy and no farmed fish responded to LHRHa2. According to reproductive parameters with the parameters including the number of eggs and working fecundity, no significant difference was observed in different treatments. Considering the obtained results from this study it seems that pituitary extract and hCG have a high performance and was recommend induction of artificial reproduction in Pikeperch. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - Effects of chemical and microbial fertilizers on the biodiversity indices of phytoplankton and zooplankton orders and density of primary production of earthen ponds of common carp fry
Mehdi Shamsaie MehrganAbstractIn this study, the effect of chemical and microbial fertilizers on the density of primary products and biodiversity indices of phytoplankton and zooplankton biodiversity categories over a period of three months in a hydrothermal fish farm located in Abadan city MoreAbstractIn this study, the effect of chemical and microbial fertilizers on the density of primary products and biodiversity indices of phytoplankton and zooplankton biodiversity categories over a period of three months in a hydrothermal fish farm located in Abadan city were studied and compared. The experiment was completely randomized, consisting of two treatments, each with three replications, including the first treatment: water’s pond fertilized by chemical fertilizers and cow manure, and the second treatment: water’s pond fertilized by microbial fertilizers and cow manure. In this study, different types of phosphate fertilizers at the rate of 75 kg per hectare and microbial fertilizers including two nitrogen bacteria, Azotobacter chroococcum, and Bacillus coagulans were used. The results of this study showed that the mean of phytoplankton counted in the first treatment (chemical fertilizer) was significantly higher than their number in the second treatment (microbial fertilizer) (P<0.05). Among them, most of the counted phytoplankton belonged to the Bacillariophyceae class in chemical fertilizer treatment. However, the mean of zooplankton counted in the second treatment (microbial fertilizer) indicated a higher number of zooplankton compared to the first treatment (chemical fertilizer) (P<0.05). Among them, most of the counted zooplankton belonged to the Rotifer class in microbial treatment. In conclusion, due to the zooplankton being eaten by most carp juveniles in hydrothermal ponds in the first year of breeding and a significant increase in zooplankton population in microbial fertilizer treatment compared to chemical fertilizer, it can be concluded that microbial fertilizers have a positive effect on the number of zooplankton in hydrothermal pools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - The role of spermatological characteristics on artificial propagation efficiency of immigrant kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kameneskii 1901) to Sefidroud River
S.Z Fallah ShamsiAbstract[1]Different factors such as the quality of ova and sperm are involved in propagation process. Mobility percentage, pH, mobility duration, compaction and osmolarity of sperm which affect the quality of sperm were tested in this research. This study was carried o MoreAbstract[1]Different factors such as the quality of ova and sperm are involved in propagation process. Mobility percentage, pH, mobility duration, compaction and osmolarity of sperm which affect the quality of sperm were tested in this research. This study was carried out in April 2011 in Shahid Ansari Bony Fishes Propagation and Rearing Center. According to the results, mean and standard deviation of ions in 3 and 4 years old fish were 329.6±11.9 and 343.4±11.9 osmolarity, 47.2±7.4 and 44.5±2.99 spermatocrit, 60.5±12 and 66.3±6.1 mobility duration, 80±6.7 and 83.5±3.9 mobility percentage, 17828750±3199657.8 and 18000000±2090454.5 compaction of sperm and 7.79±0.51 and 7.61±0.26 pH of sperm. The correlation between osmolality, mobility percentage, mobility duration and compaction of sperm with parameters of artificial propagation efficiency (fertilization percentage and hatching rate) was investigated positive, significant and direct. * Corresponding Authors; Email: zahra.falah52@yahoo.com Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
268 - Age, growth and reproduction characteristics of brond-snout (Chondrostoma regium) in Alvand River (Kermanshah province)
Mehdi Shamsaie MehrganAbstractIn this study, some characteristics of growth, age and reproduction of brond-snout (Chondrostoma regium) population were studied in Alvand River of Kermanshah province monthly for one year from June 2019 to May 2020. A total of 6 age groups (1-6) were identified MoreAbstractIn this study, some characteristics of growth, age and reproduction of brond-snout (Chondrostoma regium) population were studied in Alvand River of Kermanshah province monthly for one year from June 2019 to May 2020. A total of 6 age groups (1-6) were identified. 120 females and 105 males with a sex ratio (female to male) 1.06: 1 was detected from 225 caught fish. The predominant age was 4 years and the mean total length in the males and females were 205.23±22.42 mm and 234.09 ±29.42 mm, respectively, which showed a significant difference between the genders (p≤0.05). The length-weight linear relationship for male and female were Lt = 310[1-e -0.31(t+0.52)] and Lt = 327[1-e -0.34(t+0.49)], respectively. The growth pattern for male and female was allometric negative and allometric positive, respectively, and the mean obesity coefficient for male and female were 1.01±0.11 and 0.99±0.08, respectively. The mean absolute fecundity of fish was 11921.22±2284.54, which increased with the age and decreased egg diameter. The mean gonad index for male and female was 1.8±0.13 and 8.64±0.72, respectively (p≤0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
269 - Determination of trophic status and potential of fish production in lake Choghakhor
R. Mousavi Nadushan M.R. Fatemi A. Esmaeili Sari Gh.H. VosoughiLake Choghakhor is a shallow ecologically and economically important water body in eastern part of Iran. During last decade Lake Choghakhor has been influenced by some man-made impacts such as water level fluctuation, agricultural discharge and fish (Cyprinids) introduc MoreLake Choghakhor is a shallow ecologically and economically important water body in eastern part of Iran. During last decade Lake Choghakhor has been influenced by some man-made impacts such as water level fluctuation, agricultural discharge and fish (Cyprinids) introduction causing a serious problem in its trophic states. So in this study water quality for physical, trophic state indicators, total phosphate, algal chlorophyll, Secchi disk transparency, biomass of macrobenthose (seasonal) was studied monthly between May 2004 to April 2005. Now submerged plants especially Myriophyllum spicatum have covered almost the entire lake and dense macrophyte beds (Polygonom amphibium), located on the south east end of the lake appear to act as a sink for these nutrients. Lake Choghakhor appeared to be in a macrophyte dominated clear water state with low TP (annual mean: 24± 15µg.l-1) and chlorophyll a (annual mean: 3±1.28 µg.l-1) and very high Secchi depth. Fish yeild potential was estimated according to TP model as 34.4 kg.ha-1, production value for macrobenthose was 4.7 mg DM m-2yr-1 and annual fish production obtained by macrobenthose was about 282 to 376 kg.ha-1yr-1. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
270 - Isolation and identification of some phenotypic features of Pseudomonas in poultry slaughter line
H. Jafarzadeh H. Mirzaei Shahram Hanifian افشین Javadi J. ShayeghPseudomonas are among psychrophilic bacteria and have been reported in various studies as the predominant spoilage bacterial in slaughter carcass. The aim of this study was to track Pseudomonas spp. from different stages of the slaughter line, slaughterhouse environment MorePseudomonas are among psychrophilic bacteria and have been reported in various studies as the predominant spoilage bacterial in slaughter carcass. The aim of this study was to track Pseudomonas spp. from different stages of the slaughter line, slaughterhouse environment and equipment and drop in the packaging. Characteristics such as pigment production, movement pattern and biofilm formation capability of the isolates were also determined. For this purpose, 108 samples were sampled from three industrial poultry slaughterhouses in Tabriz. According to the results, the highest contamination was detected in the samples of the floors, abdominal cavity of carcass and drip samples, respectively. The lowest contamination was observed in the samples related to drinking water, live chicken breast swab and scalder, respectively. The average movement of the Swimming type was significantly (p ≤ 0.001) higher than the two types of Swarming and Twitching movements. And in terms of pigment production, the dominant color was green. Moreover, most of the isolates were able to form biofilms and about 30% of the isolates had moderate and strong ability to produce biofilms. In conclusion, most of the Pseudomonas spp. contamination occurs through different parts of the slaughter line and also the equipment and environment of the slaughterhouse. Due to the biofilm production capacity of Pseudomonas isolates, the issue of proper and more effective washing and disinfection of the slaughter line and equipment is of particular importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
271 - Effect of dietary supplementation of licorice extract on egg quality and performance of hens
محمد Sedghi ابولقاسم Golian پریسا SoleymaniThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of various levels of dietary licorice extract on egg production, egg weight, specific gravity, feed conversion ratio, egg shell quality and blood parameters. One hundred and twenty eight laying hens (58 weeks old) MoreThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of various levels of dietary licorice extract on egg production, egg weight, specific gravity, feed conversion ratio, egg shell quality and blood parameters. One hundred and twenty eight laying hens (58 weeks old) were used in a completely randomized block design to test four diets with 4 replicates of 8 birds each. The four diets were supplemented with 0, 2, 4 or 6 g/kg of diets licorice extract. Hens fed the diet supplemented with 4 g/kg of licorice extract had greater (p<0.06) egg production than the control fed diet during the experiment. Hens fed 4 g/kg of licorice extract produced a significantly thicker shell (p<0.05) than those fed supplemented with 6 g/kg (389 vs. 374 mm). Percentage of abdominal fat pad was significantly decreased (p<0.05) in birds fed diet containing 6 g/kg of licorice extract compared to control diet (8.3 vs. 14.9 percentage of carcass weight). Feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, dry shell weight, egg-specific gravity, percentage of wet albumen and wet yolk based on percentage of whole egg weight and organ weight were not influenced by licorice supplementation. This study showed that licorice extract at the level of 4 g/kg would positively influence egg production or shell quality and decrease the abdominal fat pad when 6 g/kg of licorice was fed to hens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
272 - Effect of Guar Meal as a Source of protein on Laying Hens performance
پریسا Soleymani ابولقاسم Goliyan A.M Tahmasebi محمد Sedghi An experiment was conducted to evaluate guar meal (GM) as a source of protein on laying hen’s performance and egg quality. Two hundred and twenty eight laying hens (58 weeks of age) were fed diets containing 0, 3, 6 and 9% guar meal with/without β-man More An experiment was conducted to evaluate guar meal (GM) as a source of protein on laying hen’s performance and egg quality. Two hundred and twenty eight laying hens (58 weeks of age) were fed diets containing 0, 3, 6 and 9% guar meal with/without β-mannanase (Hemicell®) for 12 weeks. A complete block randomized design with 4×2 factorial arrangement were used to have eight diets of each fed to four replicate hens of nine each. Hen-day egg production was significantly decreased when hens were fed diets that contained 6 and 9% GM in first week and only 9% GM at second week of experiment as compared with 0 and 3% GM fed birds. Whereas, hen-day egg production was not influenced when hens fed up to 9% GM after third week. Egg mass was significantly lower when hens fed 9% GM during the experimental periods compared to control and 3% GM fed birds. Feeding of GM did not affect specific gravity, percentage wet albumen and wet yolk based on percentage of whole egg weight and shell weight and thickness. Performance, egg quality and blood parameters were not affected by Supplementation of β-mannanase during the experimental periods. Feeding of GM at the level of 6 and 9% decreased serum cholesterol and triglyceride but did not affect total SRBC, IgG and IgM. The results of this study showed that 6% GM may be added to the diet of laying hens with no adverse effects on performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
273 - Effect of increasing energy levels of diet and heat synchronization on steroid hormones and reproductive indices in Holstein heifers
akbar pirestani amirabbas emamimeybodi gholamreza ghalamkari shahin eghbalsaeediaboueshaghiThe aim of the present study was to determine the effects of increasing energy levels of diet and heat synchronization on steroid hormones and fertility in Holstein heifers. Eighty heifers with average bodyweight of 330±20 kg were randomly allocated in equal numb MoreThe aim of the present study was to determine the effects of increasing energy levels of diet and heat synchronization on steroid hormones and fertility in Holstein heifers. Eighty heifers with average bodyweight of 330±20 kg were randomly allocated in equal numbers into four groups including control (A), high energy diet (B) (10% higher than NRC recommendation), heat synchronization (C) (CIDR-Ovsynch) and high energy diet + heat synchronization (D). Heifers in groups B and D were fed initially one year and 30-day pre-synchronization periods, and they were inseminated after observation of heat. Blood samples were collected after first heat signs (groups A & B) and at the beginning of synchronization in each phase of estrus cycle for the determination of plasma progesterone, estrogen and BHBA concentrations. Also, reproduction indices such as service per conception rate and intervals between first heat and AI leading to pregnancy were evaluated. The results showed that estrogen level was significantly increased (p<0/05) in estrous phase in groups C and D compared to the other groups. Progesterone level was significantly high (p<0/05) in diestrous phase in groups B, C and D compared to group A. Level of BHBA was higher in proestrous phase and it was lowest in group D in comparison to the other groups. Also, lowest service per conception rate and intervals between first heat and AI leading to pregnancy was seen in group D, although no statistical significance was observed. It was concluded that high energy diet along with heat synchronization has beneficial effects on reproduction performance, increasing steroid hormones concentration and decreasing BHBA concentration in Holstein heifers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
274 - Presenting a Conceptual Model Delineating the Effect of Production and Operations Strategies on Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Iranian Automotive Industry: The Case of Tehran Automobile Manufacturing Companies
Ali Mohaghar Ezzatollah Asgharizadeh Seyyed Hassan Ghodsypour Amir SamarrokhiThe aim of the current quantitative applied research was to design a model for the investigation of the extent to which automobile production strategies may impact domestic manufacturers’ sustainable competitive advantage. The research data were collected through MoreThe aim of the current quantitative applied research was to design a model for the investigation of the extent to which automobile production strategies may impact domestic manufacturers’ sustainable competitive advantage. The research data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire whose construct and content validity had been confirmed and its reliability had been verified through Cronbach alpha. The research population comprised senior managers of automobile manufacturing companies located in Tehran, Iran from whom a random sample was selected. The data obtained from 384 completed questionnaires were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling to find out the relationship among various factors of the model and the Variance-Covariance analysis. The findings emerging from the study revealed that the latent variable of sustainable competitive advantage was delineated by cost, quality, diversity, and flexibility; and that the latent variable of domestic automobile manufacturers’ production and operations strategies were delineated by Kaizen strategies, enterprise resource planning, punctuality, and supply chain management models. Research findings bore on the significant positive effects of production and operations strategies on Iranian automotive industries sustainable competitive advantage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
275 - Designing A Sustainable Supply Chain Model for Project Companies: The Case of Pars Garma Industrial and Constructional Company
Mahdi Vafaee Mansoor Momeni Ebrahim Teimouri Ahmad JafarnejadOwing to the importance of sustainability in the supply chain of project-oriented companies, this study aimed to design a model for identification of factors that may influence supply chain sustainability in project production at Pars Garma Industrial and Constructional MoreOwing to the importance of sustainability in the supply chain of project-oriented companies, this study aimed to design a model for identification of factors that may influence supply chain sustainability in project production at Pars Garma Industrial and Constructional Company. To serve the purpose, the interpretive applied study commenced with extensive library research to scrutinize existing theories and findings from conceptual and applied research and identify enablers and key factors that may impact supply chain sustainability. An interview protocol and a questionnaire were further developed to collect the research data. These instruments were validated based on the views of 10 experts serving as managers and decision makers of Pars Garma Company who were selected using a judgment sampling procedure. The research population comprised 155 individuals out of whom a sample of 120 were selected according to the Cochran formula. Having collected and analyzed the data, the findings indicated 7 main dimensions of project characteristics, contractors’ characteristics, managers’ characteristics, communication features, characteristics of supervisory organizations, performance evaluation and characteristics of the society, each with constituent components. The implications of the findings will be discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
276 - Providing a model of resource management in sustainable supply chain in the selected industries with a comparative approach of K-mean methods, principal component analysis and random forests
Asieh Soltanmohamadi Davood Andalib Ardakani Habib Zare ahmadabadi Hajar SoleymanizadehResource management is one of the most important practices in sustainability. Resource management, due to the scarcity of resources, requires attention and scientific-based organizing. Manufacturing industries are among the largest centers of resource consumption, espec MoreResource management is one of the most important practices in sustainability. Resource management, due to the scarcity of resources, requires attention and scientific-based organizing. Manufacturing industries are among the largest centers of resource consumption, especially natural resources. Therefore, different industries need to be committed to the principles of sustainable development in meeting their needs. Hence, the purpose of this study is to provide a model of resource management in sustainable supply chain in the selected industries. To do so, first, resource management indicators in the sustainable supply chain have been identified based on the previous studies and the experts’ opinions, and then, a model of indicators have provided in order to show their importance in the different industry by applying three methods of K-average, principal component analysis and random forests. In order to gather data, a survey-based questionnaire is used. The results demonstrate that environmental management and cross-functional cooperation indicators in the automotive industry are the most important indicators. In ceramic tile industry, social issues and human resource management indicators are important but, in the steel industry, social issues and environmental management indicators were important. In the foodstuffs industry, quality management, cross-functional cooperation indicators and human resource management have great importance. In addition, in the textile industry, the quality management indicator was the most important one. The results obtained from the various industries provide practical suggestions for prioritizing improvement practices for resource utilization for having sustainable supply chain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
277 - Investigating the Key Indicators of Innovation Evaluation in Production-Oriented Organizations
Javid Ghahremani-Nahr Hamed Nozari Alireza Aliahmadi Meisam JafariInnovation can be a source of competitive advantage for companies. Therefore, recognizing and evaluating innovation in manufacturing and service industries is an effective step to start measuring innovation in these industries. Considering the importance of this issue, MoreInnovation can be a source of competitive advantage for companies. Therefore, recognizing and evaluating innovation in manufacturing and service industries is an effective step to start measuring innovation in these industries. Considering the importance of this issue, it is very important to know key dimensions and indicators to measure these innovations. Hence, the purpose of this research is to address each of the main indicators of organizational innovation and discuss the inherent advantages and disadvantages of their deployment separately. In this research, based on the literature review and the opinions of 15 academic experts and manufacturing industry experts, 10 indicators have been categorized as the most important key indicators of innovation evaluation in three general categories of input, intermediary and output. In order to evaluate and prioritize the most important innovation evaluation indicators, a non-linear quantitative analysis based on hierarchical analysis (Mikhailov's method) was used in a fuzzy environment, and for the analysis of cause and effect relationships, the fuzzy Dimetal method was used. The results show that the presence knowledgeable people and the growth of education are the most important indicators in the evaluation of innovation, and therefore, with special emphasis and attention on these indicators, we can witness an increasing growth in the field of innovation in organizations. The amount of effort to register a patent as well as the number of registered patents are among other important indicators in the field of innovation evaluation, which should be given special support in order to develop innovation in organizations. Also, it was found that the protection of innovation during the growth period is the next priority and can be very important in creating a safe environment as well as increasing the peace of technology people in innovative organizations. The analysis of cause and effect relationships using the Dimtel method also showed that the development of knowledge capital and educated people has the highest impact on other factors, which confirms the hierarchical analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
278 - Measuring and Analysis of Total, Factor Productivity (Case Study: Industrial Sector of Kordestan Province)
Sedige Atrkar roshan Fateme RasouliThe purpose of this research is to measure and analyse the total factor productivity (TFP). The case under study is the industrial sector of Kordestan Province in Iran. In order to achieve this goal, based on the International classification of the commodities, ( ISIC R MoreThe purpose of this research is to measure and analyse the total factor productivity (TFP). The case under study is the industrial sector of Kordestan Province in Iran. In order to achieve this goal, based on the International classification of the commodities, ( ISIC Riv, 2) and applying panel data for the period 2005-2011, the industrial sector is categorized into 23 groups and the productivity is measured. Since the data for the capital stock is not available for the Kordestan Province, it is calculated in this study first. Using various production functions, and selecting the most suitable functions, the elastisities, are then estimated. In the next step, the TFP is measured by applying the Divisia Index, for the period under consideration. The findings of this research show that TFP for the Industrial sector of Kordestan Province has reduced annually by 2 percent on average.However, the TFP in the industrial sector as a whole was 0/06 during the period under study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
279 - Application of a Mathematical Model for Balancing Assembly Lines (Case Study: Tractor Manufacturing Company)
Maghsud Solimanpur Amin ZeinalzadehAssembly lines are important approaches for mass production of industrial products. Nowadays, these lines are also used for producing customized products in low volume. Undesirable balancing increases the cycle time and idle time and subsequently decreases production ra MoreAssembly lines are important approaches for mass production of industrial products. Nowadays, these lines are also used for producing customized products in low volume. Undesirable balancing increases the cycle time and idle time and subsequently decreases production rates and line efficiency while augmenting the cost of system. These factors ultimately reduce the productivity of manufacturing systems. For this reason, the researchers and practitioners of production and operation management take a deep concentration on assembly line balancing problem. In this paper, Boisen’s theoretic principles of line balancing are studied in the first section. In the second section, the current situation of a sample firm is analyzed and accordingly a suitable mathematical model is used for balancing with respect to the optimal standard and constraints of the firm. This model has been solved with a branch-and-bound procedure using LINGO Software and the global optimum solution has been found. In order to evaluate the effect of balancing, proper indices have been calculated for the current and proposed designs. Based on this comparison, some conclusions about the improvement of system’s performance have been pointed out. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
280 - Identifying and PrioritizingtheEffective Factors onOrganizational Commitments and itseffect onProduction Productivity in Aras Khodro DieselPrivate Company (AMICO)
Ezattolah Asghrizadeh Alli-Reza Arab Massud NiktabarThe purpose of the study was to identify and prioritizethe effectivefactors on organizational commitment and its effect on productionproductivity in ARAS Khodro Diesel Company. The research methodwas applied and sectional descriptive correlation. The statisticalpopulati MoreThe purpose of the study was to identify and prioritizethe effectivefactors on organizational commitment and its effect on productionproductivity in ARAS Khodro Diesel Company. The research methodwas applied and sectional descriptive correlation. The statisticalpopulation included all of the employees of Aras Khodro DieselCompany which added up to 506 people. Using Cochran’s Formula,theSample size was 218 people. The sampling method was stratifiedrandom sampling. To gather the data questionnaires were used. Theinferential statistics, heuristic factor analysis, simple linear regressionand eigenvector method were used. The experts' views were used toprioritize the effective factors on organizational commitment. The resultsconfirmed the effect of all initial factors which were listed onorganizational commitment and the priorities of the factors were: 1.Organizational commitment 2. Individual factors 3. Occupationalorganizationalfactors 4. Occupational-environmental factors. The resultsAlsoshowed the significant difference of organizational commitment onproduction productivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
281 - Investigating the Effects of Economic Sanctions on the Performance of Internal Factors in Small and Medium Industries in Lorestan Province during 2001 – 2012
Mohsen Bagere Soheyla Mahdavi Maryam Sharif nejhadSanctions are coercive contrivances that are applied by a country or a group of countries against another one which transgresses the international laws or contravenes the accepted ethical standards. The aim of sanction is to force the offender to cease its actions or at MoreSanctions are coercive contrivances that are applied by a country or a group of countries against another one which transgresses the international laws or contravenes the accepted ethical standards. The aim of sanction is to force the offender to cease its actions or at least to force the country to negotiate for ending its unaccepted actions. This study has been carried out to assess the effects of economic sanctions on the function of internal factors of small and medium size industries of Lorestan Province during 2001-2012. The study was performed in terms of five hypotheses. In order to collect data, the researchers used a questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed by related tests. The questionnaire was distributed among the statistical population (managers of the small and medium industries of Lorestan Province), and 127 acceptable questionnaires were received. The data were analyzed by spss software and by using regression method. The results assert the existence of both positive and negative effects of economic sanctions on internal factors. While the sanctions have negatively influenced the performance of production, marketing and finance, they have improved the function of other internal factors such as management and research and development in the sample industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
282 - Investigating the effect of management information system on global organization class with the role of organizational productivity mediator (Case study: Golrang Holding)
Abutaleb Varkani motalebi Ehsan Taghipour Abutaleb Varkani motalebiNowdays, business because of changing the previous economic pattern to global producer pattern, requires different performance preparations. Information technology and its use have produced changes in all sections of organizations. Organizational productivity is one of MoreNowdays, business because of changing the previous economic pattern to global producer pattern, requires different performance preparations. Information technology and its use have produced changes in all sections of organizations. Organizational productivity is one of the Important and key factors in assessing the amount of useful data in industrial productions. In this paper the use of management information system on essential Factors of production organization and the mediator role of organizational productivity among the productive companies have been studied. The research method was descriptive correlation and the sampling method was stratified random one, with 127 managers in Golrang Holding.To analyse the data, trivariate regression was used through increasing organizational productivity was effective in getting the global production class and ranking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
283 - A Study of the Role of Productivity Managament and Foreign Direct Investment in Non-Oil Export in Iran
Mohammad Reza Nahidi Mehrnaz Hosein pourToday, the level of a country's development is directly related to itsinternational trade volume. Using the export-oriented development strategy,countries can achieve growth in national production and therefore increaseemployment.The necessity to develop non-oil exports MoreToday, the level of a country's development is directly related to itsinternational trade volume. Using the export-oriented development strategy,countries can achieve growth in national production and therefore increaseemployment.The necessity to develop non-oil exports in Iran's economy toachieve these goals and to solve the problems due to economy's dependenceon oil revenues, particularly in the current period is important. Developmentof investment and the growth in non-oil exports are important factors inrealizing national production goals. Accordingly, the role of science in theeconomy, due to creating expertise and improving the productivity ofproduction factors, has long had been the focus of attention. Therefore, thepresent study, by using time series data and Vector Auto Correction (VAR)Model, has tried to investigate the effects of the efficiency of productionfactors, information and communication technology, and foreign directinvestment on non-oil export growth during 1971-2008. The results confirmthe impact of the mentioned factors on non-oil exports and clarifies the waysto consider those factors with regard to trade policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
284 - A study of effective factors on being a lean organization (Case study)
Yaguoob Alavi Matın Ahmadreza Morteza Mohammadali FarniyaLean production is a system that challenges mass production system, and in a short time it has trailed great benefits. This study by examining this production system in one of the big production company in the country i.e.soufian cement co. tries to evaluate the extent MoreLean production is a system that challenges mass production system, and in a short time it has trailed great benefits. This study by examining this production system in one of the big production company in the country i.e.soufian cement co. tries to evaluate the extent of different production indices being lean in this industry. Regarding this , the rapid plant assessment process of Eugene Goodson, the professor and researcher at Michigan university, was chosen as a core pattern. it was studied and criticized, weak points were deleted, the necessary expansion and development were implemented. The essential factors and related indices were identified. Through the proportional assessment questionnaire their proportion with cement industry was measured. After eliminating the less proportional indices and the use of analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the coefficient importance of variables and related indices with the help of experts, were calculated. Finally this coefficient importance and the points that were given to the conditions of indices by experts the extent of essential variables being lean and the soufian cement company with the use of DOA method were identified. The priority attention to the improvement of variables and creating the improvement cycle have been suggested, to the cowpanys management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
285 - A Comparative Study of the Components of Just in Time Production in Diverse Groups of Industries in Tabriz by Using Multivariate ANOVA
MohammadAli Motafaker azad Mehdi Allah verdi zadeh Gholamreza SoltaniFesgendis Mehdi PourmogadamJust in time (JIT) production is a new approach and way of thinking in the management of industrial organizations, the principles and methods of which seek the complete and comprehensive elimination of wastage and the enhancement of productivity in all activities inside MoreJust in time (JIT) production is a new approach and way of thinking in the management of industrial organizations, the principles and methods of which seek the complete and comprehensive elimination of wastage and the enhancement of productivity in all activities inside and outside the organization .Accordingly, the purpose of the present research is the comparative evaluation of the components of just in time production within the various industrial groups of Tabriz. The statistical population of the research includes 576 factories in the four industries-machinery and equipment , chemical substances and products , textiles , and electronics and the related equipment-in small and medium scales in Tabriz . The sample size has been 313 based on the relation in limited populations and through the use of relative stratified sampling method . The researchers have used a questionnaire in order to collect data , and the data have been analyzed by multivariate ANOVA. The results indicate that there is a difference amony the four industries regarding lean production components . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
286 - A Model for assessing Lean Production in SMEs using Combining Confirmatory Factor analysis, Cluster Analysis and LINMAP Technique
Nasser Fegh-hi FarahmandThe aim of the study was to present a model for assessing leanproduction in small and medium industries through combinationconfirmatory factor analysis, clustering and LINMAP Technique. Fourquestions were raised to achieve the mentioned objective. The researchmethod was MoreThe aim of the study was to present a model for assessing leanproduction in small and medium industries through combinationconfirmatory factor analysis, clustering and LINMAP Technique. Fourquestions were raised to achieve the mentioned objective. The researchmethod was descriptive survey. The statistical population included all thecompanies of small and medium units of basic metals and fabricatedindustries in East Azerbaijan province witch was added up to 245companies, using random sampling method and Morgan's table thesample size was 181 companies. To gather the data a questionnaireresearcher made was used. The reliability was 0.803. To analyze the datain the study of LINMAP, confirmatory factor analysis and clusteringwere used. The results for eight lean manufacturing structure includedtimely production, total quality management, maintenance, relations withsuppliers, customer relations, human resource management, processmanagement, and the betterment program on factory level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
287 - سرمایه فرهنگی سدی در برابر بیگانگی اجتماعی (مطالعه موردی: دانشآموزان شهرستان سقز)
محمد حریری حسن صالح نژادهدف این تحقیق بررسی رابطه ابعاد سرمایه فرهنگی با مفهوم بیگانگی اجتماعی است. براساس دیدگاه پییر بوردیو سرمایه فرهنگی مجموعهای از منشها، شیوههای بیان، اشکال مختلف دانش، سلایق و در مجموع شیوههای زندگی است که در بین افراد معمول است. به نظر بوردیو افرادی که در سلسله مرا Moreهدف این تحقیق بررسی رابطه ابعاد سرمایه فرهنگی با مفهوم بیگانگی اجتماعی است. براساس دیدگاه پییر بوردیو سرمایه فرهنگی مجموعهای از منشها، شیوههای بیان، اشکال مختلف دانش، سلایق و در مجموع شیوههای زندگی است که در بین افراد معمول است. به نظر بوردیو افرادی که در سلسله مراتب اجتماعی و اقتصادی بالاتر قرار دارند، نوع مصرف کالاهای فرهنگی، منشها و الگوهای متفاوتی دارند و افراد متعلق به طبقات بالا بیشتر به سرمایه فرهنگی دست مییابند. به این ترتیب است که کنشگران اجتماعی به وسیله نوع مصرف، کالاهای فرهنگی خود را طبقهبندی میکنند و تمایزات راهبردی را نسبت به طبقات دیگر اعمال می-کنند. در این راستا، افراد طبقات پایین جامعه با پدیدهای بنام بیگانگی اجتماعی مواجه میشوند. این مطالعه به صورت پیمایشی در بین 371 نفر از دانشآموزان دبیرستانی و پیشدانشگاهی شهرستان سقز انجام شده است. نتایج این مطالعه نشان میدهد که بین سرمایه فرهنگی و بیگانگی اجتماعی رابطه معکوس و معنیدار از لحاظ آماری وجود دارد اما شدت این رابطه ضعیف است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
288 - The Effect of Social Factors on Designing Participatory Educational Spaces (Emphasizing the Production of Space and Young Experts’ Opinions)
Reyhane Nikravesh Seyed Gholamreza Islami Jaleh Sabernejad Abdolhossein Kalantari -
Open Access Article
289 - Proposing a Conceptual Model of Critical Success Factors in Lean Production Using Interpretive Structural Modeling and Fuzzy MICMAC Analysis
Mazdak Khodadadi Karimvand Hadi Shirouyehzad Farhad Hosseinzadeh LotfiSince companies are inclined to implement lean production, researchers have proposed a number of fundamental success factors to facilitate the implementation of this production approach. This study analyzes the critical success factors (CSFs) in lean production extr MoreSince companies are inclined to implement lean production, researchers have proposed a number of fundamental success factors to facilitate the implementation of this production approach. This study analyzes the critical success factors (CSFs) in lean production extracted from 14 review studies. The interpretive structural modeling approach is utilized to analyze the impact of these critical success factors on one another. The aim is to enhance insights into lean production and facilitate informed decision-making. In this article, a seven-tiered model is presented. According to the conceptual model of success factors in lean production, leadership is positioned at the base of the model and serves as the origin for other factors. It should be regarded as the foremost critical success factor in lean production. When establishing lean production systems, organizations and senior managers should focus on higher levels and critical success factors that underlie the model. Subsequently, nonfuzzy and fuzzy driving and dependence power analyses were conducted that the fuzzy matrix cross-reference multiplication applied to a classification (MICMAC) analysis provides deeper insights into the analysis of driving and dependence power. The fuzzy matrix cross-reference multiplication applied to a classification analysis helped identify some key factors that are highly effective for successfully implementing lean manufacturing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
290 - Explanation of Critical Urban Theories in Analyzing the Effects of Capital Accumulation on the Spatial Structure of Cities (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis)
Pouyan Mozaheb Saeid Piri Hamid Reza Sabaghi Ali reza EstelajiSince the 1970s, with the turn of industrial-production capitalism to financial capitalism under the process of globalization and in sync with neoliberal approaches, global cities have witnessed the influx of capital to accumulate and reproduce it in their spaces.This m MoreSince the 1970s, with the turn of industrial-production capitalism to financial capitalism under the process of globalization and in sync with neoliberal approaches, global cities have witnessed the influx of capital to accumulate and reproduce it in their spaces.This movement of capital from the production sector to space has caused the spatial structure of cities to undergo extensive changes in their spatial, physical, economic, social and environmental dimensions. The consequences of privatization and commercialization of the public spaces of cities in order to reproduce as much capital as possible and space competition and polarization of space can be considered as the result of applying such attitudes. In contrast to this prevailing thinking, urban critical theories have been formed based on the fundamental criticism of these approaches and the explanation of the root causes of problems and the consequences of these approaches on urban spaces. This research, with a fundamental approach and a descriptive, analytical method, and using documentary and library studies through qualitative analysis from the perspective of critical urban theories, explains the spatial structure of Tehran and the effects of capital rule on its spaces. And in the process of spatial data analysis, it uses a spatial model (GIS). The findings of this research show that the metropolis of Tehran, both in terms of urban development plans and urban management policies, has been significantly affected by these capital-oriented approaches. And it has faced challenges such as profit-oriented urban management, polarization of the physical and social structures of the 22 districts of the city, commodification of housing, exchange of land and real estate in the open market, change of use and privatization of space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
291 - Effectiveness of Watershed Operations in Controlling Erosion and Sedimentation Using MPSIAC Experimental Model (Case Study: Saqezchi-Chay Watershed, Ardabil Province)
Rouhallah Dabiri Hirad Abghari Ardavan GhorbaniDuring the recent decades, the loss of water and soil resources in watersheds due to their inappropriate exploitation has become increasingly intense, this issue has reduced the production and useful life of reservoirs and increased the amount of sediment production. To MoreDuring the recent decades, the loss of water and soil resources in watersheds due to their inappropriate exploitation has become increasingly intense, this issue has reduced the production and useful life of reservoirs and increased the amount of sediment production. Today, with the advancement of technology, examining the impact of projects by measuring the effective parameters and studying how to achieve the goals are part of the basic principles of project evaluation. In this study, according to the implemented mechanical and biological operations, the role of watershed operations in controlling erosion and sedimentation in the Saqezchi-chay watershed of Ardabil province was investigated and compared using the MPSIAC method before and after the operation. In this model, 9 effective factors in erosion have been considered, each of which has a score depending on its intensity and weakness, and finally, taking these scores into account, the sedimentation rate of the area is considered. The results of the research show a relative decrease in erosion and sedimentation in the area of watershed operations and, on the other hand, an increase in erosion and sedimentation in other areas without watershed operations, which indicates the positive effect of watershed operations in increasing vegetation and soil protection. Also, the implemented watershed management measures, in addition to increasing the concentration time in the watershed and groundwater feeding, have played an important role in preventing the reduction of the storage volume of the Saqezachi dam. The results indicate the effectiveness of watershed projects in reducing sedimentation in the study area; In such a way that the amount of erosion in the watershed has changed significantly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
292 - Determining the Sequence and Schedule of Job-shop Production Systems using Genetic Algorithm by considering Possible Values
seyed ahmad shayan nia mostafa mohammadi Mohammad Reza lotfi Javad Rezaeian -
Open Access Article
293 - Evaluation Green Suppliers Using DEMATEL Technique in Fuzzy Environment
Reza Ehtesham Razi -
Open Access Article
294 - رهیافت توسعه صنایع کوچک و متوسط در ایران در قالب خوشههای صنعتی
ابوالفضل ریاحیایجاد خوشههای صنعتی بعنوان رهیافتی جهت توسعه صنایع کوچک و متوسط طی سه دهه اخیر مورد توجه صاحبنظران و برنامه ریزان توسعه صنعتی قرار گرفته است. در این رویکرد، هدف این است تا واحدهای صنعتی کوچک و متوسطی که در یک ناحیه جغرافیایی مستقر میباشند از طریق توسعه همکاریها، Moreایجاد خوشههای صنعتی بعنوان رهیافتی جهت توسعه صنایع کوچک و متوسط طی سه دهه اخیر مورد توجه صاحبنظران و برنامه ریزان توسعه صنعتی قرار گرفته است. در این رویکرد، هدف این است تا واحدهای صنعتی کوچک و متوسطی که در یک ناحیه جغرافیایی مستقر میباشند از طریق توسعه همکاریها، در مسیر سیاستهای کلان اقتصادی – صنعتی و منطبق با خواست و منافع فعالان آن هدایت نمود و انجام بسیاری از فعالیتهای صنعتی نظیر مطالعات بازار، طراحی، آموزش و امثالهم که بصورت انفرادی توسط واحدهای کوچک و متوسط امکان پذیر نمی باشد، بصورت مشترک و اقتصادی میسر گردد. ضمن اینکه واحدهای کوچک و متوسط با برقراری ارتباط کاری با تولیدکنندگان بزرگ، میتوانند با تشکیل شبکههای تولیدی و تجمیع آن در قالب خوشههای صنعتی، بتوانند در شتاب بخشیدن به رشد اقتصادی – صنعتی کشور موثر واقع شوند و در افزایش کمیت وکیفیت تولید موثر باشند. در این مقاله ضمن تبیین رویکرد خوشهای در توسعه صنایع کوچک و متوسط، چگونگی اجرای آن در ایران برای صنایع کوچک و متوسط مورد بررسی قرار خواهد گرفت و مزیتهای استفاده از این رویکرد را با ارائه نمونههای موفق در کشورهای دیگر تبیین مینماید Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
295 - Examine The Types and Severity of Erosion In The Sub-Basins Watershed Navrood
Tahereh FatolazadehBasins in terms of geology, climate and other factors on the roughness and erosion are very different, the aim of this study was to evaluate Navrood watershed erosion, erosion rate, sediment yield and factors in the relationship between the physiographic features, topog MoreBasins in terms of geology, climate and other factors on the roughness and erosion are very different, the aim of this study was to evaluate Navrood watershed erosion, erosion rate, sediment yield and factors in the relationship between the physiographic features, topography, climate, geology, geomorphology, vegetation, soil erosion is generally determined. The basin has an area of about 265/46 square kilometers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the erosion and sediment production in the watershed and to find the sensitive areas of erosion. To achieve the above objective, the erosion potential (EPM) was used for data collection. The data collection tools, aerial photos, map types, methods and library sources are observed. In this study, using EPM (Erosion Potential Method) erosion rate in each sub-basin (sub-basin 11) has been investigated. In relation to the regional geomorphologic outcrop s is composed of 15 types. By integrating them into the structure of the slope, lithology and resistance to wear and combine them work units respectively. The erosion rate and sediment production in each experimental work units using EPM (quantitative) took place. Based on the results obtained, the following basins 4 and 5 of erosion is most severe erosion (erosion rate of 0/24 and 0/22). The highest sediment than the other sub-basins have been allocated. Because of the large number of specific erosion and deposition in the sub-basin, sub-basin compared to other high slopes and rock sensitivity to erosion, Switch, grassland and forest degradation, road-building. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
296 - Economic and technical evaluation of ground skidding in the logs exploitation system with Timber Jack and Clark Ranger
farshad keivanbehjo zeynab poorgholiThe purpose of this research is to evaluate the economic (production and cost) and technical (limitations) of current exploitation is to provide suggestions for increasing productivity and reducing forest exploitation costs. This study was carried out in parcel 237 of C MoreThe purpose of this research is to evaluate the economic (production and cost) and technical (limitations) of current exploitation is to provide suggestions for increasing productivity and reducing forest exploitation costs. This study was carried out in parcel 237 of Chafroud, Shanderman watershed. For this purpose, the study of production and cost in the method of skidding system logs using two machines Timber Jack 450C and Clark Ranger 666 BDS was performed. The results of time studies and regression analysis indicate that each turning time of skidding with Timber Jack 450C have the greatest effect on the distance from the skidding distance, winching distance and interaction between skidding distance and skid slope, while each boat time using Clark Ranger 666 the greatest effect is from the interaction between skidding distance and loading volume, the interaction between the skidding distance and the slope of the skid trail and the slope of the winch. The study of the production rate of the two machines showed that the production rate of the Timber jack 450C and Clark Ranger 666 BDS were 22.93m³ and 19.29m³ per hour, respectively. The results of statistical comparisons of production rates and production unit costs in two machines show that there is a significant difference between the two machines (p = 0.04, p = 0.03). In addition, the results of a technical review of two machines suggest that the Timber jack 450C is more efficient than the Clark Ranger 666. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
297 - Prioritization and Evaluation of Effective Criteria on Rural Sustainability with an Emphasis on Agricultural Production (Case Study: Villages of Qazvin Province)
Vahid Bigdeli Rad Shahram MalekiIn addition to being the source of financial and livelihood resources for villagers, the agricultural production sector has the greatest impact in providing the country's strategic products; Therefore, in order to maintain and develop this sector, there is a need for th MoreIn addition to being the source of financial and livelihood resources for villagers, the agricultural production sector has the greatest impact in providing the country's strategic products; Therefore, in order to maintain and develop this sector, there is a need for the stability of rural areas based on a suitable approach. Based on this, in the current research, by using library resources and the opinions of rural affairs experts, criteria with the approach of supporting and removing obstacles from agricultural production, and then using the method of hierarchical analysis and Expert Choice software was used to evaluate and prioritize them. The results showed that the criterion of support has a higher priority than the criterion of removing obstacles to production. Also, among the production support sub-criteria, on-time payment of products with 16.4 percent and among the production prevention sub-criteria, mediation in the sales chain with 18.7 percent have more important priority. In addition, the villages of Alborz city have had a favorable situation in terms of production support components, with 20.2%. Also, in measuring the situation of eliminating production obstacles, the villages of Qazvin city have a better situation with a weight of 19.7%. On the other hand, the villages of Auj city are the least privileged in both criteria. In the end, the examination of the results showed the need to pay more attention to supporting and removing obstacles to agricultural production in Auj city. The main reason for this is the location of this city in the less developed region of Qazvin province, especially in terms of ease of access to the central regions of the province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
298 - Evaluation of increasing the production through selection of appropriate species of range and the influence of different planting methods on the amount of their production (case study: Shoorab ranges of Kashan)
morteza abtahiThe aimes of this research are increase rangeland production of desertes of central Iran and modification of the prevailing conditions fragile wilderness areas through proper identifying the species and planting them in came into force. In this study, three species: Se MoreThe aimes of this research are increase rangeland production of desertes of central Iran and modification of the prevailing conditions fragile wilderness areas through proper identifying the species and planting them in came into force. In this study, three species: Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Nitraria schoberi and Zygophyllum eichwaldii by planting potted seedlings treated without operation rippering (breaking the hard layer) was conducted in a split plot based on randomized complete block design. Rainfed culture was conducted in March and only in the first year of planting and irrigation was 3 times per year. Traits within 3 years of the project, including survival, height growth, vegetation canopy and production. Statistical analysis of the data showed that the effect of ripper stay survival, height growth on Seidlitzia rosmarinus meaningless and maximum vegetation canopy diameter (121.7cm) and production (978 gr) were treated without treatment. Nitraria schoberi was not affected by the plant survival ripper, but the highest growth in height (63.7 cm), vegetation canopy diameter (100 cm) and production (1413.3 gr) was treated ripper. Ripper treatment on Zygophyllum eichwaldii consists of all the characters and most survival (86%), high (63.4 cm), vegetation canopy diameter (73.4 cm) and production (287 gr) treated with ripper has been made. Therefore, Manysurvival and vegetation canopy rate, priority of culture in the region Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Nitraria schoberi and Zygophyllum eichwaldii, respectively. The ripper do not effected on growth and survival of Seidlitzia rosmarinus but effected on survival, height growth, canopy and the production of the Nitraria schoberi and Zygophyllum eichwaldii species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
299 - Economic Evaluation LTT-100A skidding system in upward
نجیبه Gilanipour حمید AryaIt is necessary to review and evaluate the operation of the system and determine appropriate methods forests due to topographic conditions are significant operational activities, products, transportation, and the road making the destructive activities of the Forest as t MoreIt is necessary to review and evaluate the operation of the system and determine appropriate methods forests due to topographic conditions are significant operational activities, products, transportation, and the road making the destructive activities of the Forest as the most expensive. In this study, Economic Evaluation to be considered LTT-100A skidding system upward. After field operation and time study, using the regression model, the model is proposed to predict skidding time. Among the components of each cycle skidding in Zetor, moving with load and moving empty most of the time per cycle and in the form of delays, technical delays included the most time. The model predicted the skidding time Zetor have meaningful skidding distance and slope. hourly production rate of 12/5 cubic meters per hour and the cost of producing these systems is achieved 119,795 rials per cubic meter. Because of the speed and its efficiency Zetor is low, thus in long intervals and in places where travel time is limited, use of this system is not recommended for skidding operations. But since the power of this machine is its high and rapid stabilization is done, the application of this system, is recommended to be combined with other systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
300 - Construction nanoparticles imported into the environment in recent years in Iran
Zahra Sadid Mahsa Fakharpour -
Open Access Article
301 - Using Input Enhancement and Output-Based Production in Writing Classes
Hamid Marashi Alireza Rezaei -
Open Access Article
302 - Structural Priming Effects on EFL Production of Passive Structures
Ahmad Ameri-Golestan -
Open Access Article
303 - The Effects of Three Forms of Reading-based Tasks on Iranian Intermediate and Advanced EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Uptake
DOR: 20.1001.1.23223898.2021.9.37.7.5
Mojtaba Kamali Fatemeh Behjat mohammadsadegh Bagheri -
Open Access Article
304 - Impact of Consciousness-raising Task and Structure-based Production Task on Learning Comparative and Superlative Forms by Iranian Elementary EFL Learners
Fatemeh Abedi narjes Ashari tabar -
Open Access Article
305 - Investigating the Relationship between Barriers to Research Development and Knowledge Production among High School Teachers in Lamerd
ahmad askari -
Open Access Article
306 - The effect of monetary policy on production and inflation in the context of gender discrimination in the Iranian labor market
Heidar Zobeidi Karim Emami Farhad Ghaffari The main purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of monetary policy shock on output and inflation variables in the context of gender discrimination in the Iranian labor market using the new Keynesian stochastic dynamic equilibrium mode More The main purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of monetary policy shock on output and inflation variables in the context of gender discrimination in the Iranian labor market using the new Keynesian stochastic dynamic equilibrium model during the period 2008-2009. The results of solving the model showed that the existence of gender discrimination in the Iranian labor market as a destructive phenomenon leads to economic inefficiencies such as reduced wages for men and women, consumption, production and welfare. The results also showed that in the context of gender discrimination, the transmission of the expansionary monetary policy shock to the variables of production and inflation is weaker than the conditions of non-discrimination. Based on the results, awareness of the hidden economic and social angles of this phenomenon and sensitization to planning for maximum elimination through the enactment of laws and the creation of special women's unions and responsible control and monitoring of institutions involved in the real situation of women workers in the Iranian labor market is suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
307 - The Structure of Production and Income Distribution in Iran
Esmaeil Abounoori mahboobeh farahatiAbstract The main goal of this research is to estimate the effect of production structure on income distribution in Iran. So, the researchers have used Gini coefficient, value added of five sectors concerning Agriculture, Industry and Mining, Building, Service, and Oil MoreAbstract The main goal of this research is to estimate the effect of production structure on income distribution in Iran. So, the researchers have used Gini coefficient, value added of five sectors concerning Agriculture, Industry and Mining, Building, Service, and Oil sectors shares of GDP during 1978-2012. The results indicate that the transition from Agriculture to Industry and Mining, Services and/or Oil increases the income inequality, while the transition from Oil to each of the other sectors reduces income inequality. Transferring the value added share of Industry and Mining to Oil or Services increases inequality. The transition from Services to Industry and Mining has equality effects on income distribution. Transferring the value added shares from Building sector to each of the Industry and Mining and Agriculture has no significant effects on inequality. Concerning the results, value added share transferring from Industry and Mining, Services and/or Oil to Agriculture reduces the inequality consistent with Kuznets Hypothesis representing that the inequality in Agriculture sector is less than other sectors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
308 - Calculation of Backward and Forward linkages of Mineral of Iran's Mines (Application of Input-Output Approach)
mirhosein mousavi farid dehghani azadeh roshanravanAbstract The purpose of this study is to rank the minerals of mines in operation in Iran by examining the backward and forward linkages between sections. For this purpose, the input-output table updated in2011 by the Islamic Parliament Research Center of The Islamic Re MoreAbstract The purpose of this study is to rank the minerals of mines in operation in Iran by examining the backward and forward linkages between sections. For this purpose, the input-output table updated in2011 by the Islamic Parliament Research Center of The Islamic Republic Of Iran has been used. By calculating the multiplier coefficient of production, using Leontief's demand-side method, all mining sections had a multiplier coefficient of production more than one. Also, by calculating the backward linkage using a supply-side model of Gosh, the multiplier coefficient of supply in all mineral sectors is high. By examining the power index through Rasmussen's demand-side method, coal and lignite, coal and stone, sand and gravel sectors with a power index greater than one, after the agricultural sector, the building And the industry, because of the greater link that they make with other sectors in terms of purchasing intermediary inputs, had more employment than the total average of activity. In this respect, other parts of the mine had no place among the first parts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
309 - Components Incompatibility, A Way for Monopolization in Services
kiumars shahbazi jalil badpeymaThe purpose of this article is to achieve the compatibility equilibrium of components. For this purpose, the components compatibility was investigated in the production equipment producers. In this research, a game has been designed in three stages with considerin MoreThe purpose of this article is to achieve the compatibility equilibrium of components. For this purpose, the components compatibility was investigated in the production equipment producers. In this research, a game has been designed in three stages with considering the available alternatives for equipment producers and service providers, in which the firms decide about compatibility before price competition in selling stages and providing services. Then, by means of static games solution with imperfect information, the game equilibrium has been exploited. The modeling results showed that the component incompatibility is the game equilibrium and the firms with monopolization incentives in providing the after sale services, produce own provided outputs under an incompatible situation. Based on results, is suggested the production equipment byers, if possible before purchase, evaluate the rate of breakdown of production equipment, and also, concurrent with purchasing the system, buy the spare parts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
310 - Causality Relationship between Energy Consumption and Production in Iran Industries during 1995-2007
Seyed Kamal Sadeghi Naser Senoobar Davood Behboodi Ali DehghaniThis paper investigates the effect of energy consumption on the production of industries having more than 9 employees in Iran. Hsiao’s Granger Causality and Granger Causality in Panel Data is used along with the data during 1995-2007 to study the issue. The findin MoreThis paper investigates the effect of energy consumption on the production of industries having more than 9 employees in Iran. Hsiao’s Granger Causality and Granger Causality in Panel Data is used along with the data during 1995-2007 to study the issue. The findings represent that the energy consumption has a positive effect on the production of industries in Iran. Moreover, the results indicate that there is unilateral causality relationship between energy consumption and the value of industrial productions. Hence, the main implication policy of this study is that the policy makers should adopt the policies to improve the value of production in these sectors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
311 - Examining Technical Efficiency of Industries and the Position of High-tech Industries in Iran
mehdi rezaei hasan valad beigi parisa yaghobi manzariThe goal of this paper is to estimate technical efficiency of the industries and the position of high-tech industries in Iran. The researchers have tried to estimate technical efficiency of 123 Iranian industries including 10 high-tech manufactures during 2008-2010. To MoreThe goal of this paper is to estimate technical efficiency of the industries and the position of high-tech industries in Iran. The researchers have tried to estimate technical efficiency of 123 Iranian industries including 10 high-tech manufactures during 2008-2010. To get the goal, a stochastic frontier production function has been used. The results represent that the technical efficiency is averagely 0.4 during the years under study. The technical efficiency of 49 industries including 6 out of 10 the high-tech industries have a technical efficiency more than the average. As well as, “manufacture of optical instruments and photographic equipment” and “manufacture of aircraft and spacecraft” have higher technical efficiency than others. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
312 - Economic Growth in the Middle East Countries
amirreza souri mohammad hassan sabouri deilami javad attaranThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between crude oil demand and economic growth in Middle East by panel unit root and co-integration developed techniques during 1980-2007. By developing a model, the crude oil demand, oil price and GDP and their gro MoreThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between crude oil demand and economic growth in Middle East by panel unit root and co-integration developed techniques during 1980-2007. By developing a model, the crude oil demand, oil price and GDP and their growth rates will be explained. In continue, we are going to estimate two various models for oil demand function and the effect of economic growth on Middle East oil demand. The findings represent that the demand function is asymmetric in respect to price and income. Also, economic growth rate is the most important factor for increasing crude oil consumption in Middle East countries. On the other hand, these countries’ oil demand elasticity based upon the price and income is low, but income elasticity is higher than price. However, the findings suggest that oil demand is more important than economic growth. It is because of these countries’ disability in replacing crude oil by new energy sources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
313 - Total Factor Productivity of Khosh Noosh Beverage Company
naserali yadollahzadeh tabari seyedeh zahra khoshabiOne of the most important objectives of all economic Companies is to get maximum returns of available resources and to achieve high level of productivity. This study is done in order to measure the total factor productivity in Sari Khosh Noosh Company during 2003-2009 b MoreOne of the most important objectives of all economic Companies is to get maximum returns of available resources and to achieve high level of productivity. This study is done in order to measure the total factor productivity in Sari Khosh Noosh Company during 2003-2009 by using monthly data and production function. At first, we took the data of capital stock based on exponential trend. Then, different types of functions were estimated, and finally chose Cobb-Douglas production function as the best form. To guarantee avoiding spurious regression, co-integration tests are used. Ultimately, by using Kenderik index, we calculated the total factor productivity and its growth rate. The results explained that, during of this period, the total productivity of the company has decreased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
314 - A Mathematical Model for Determining the Optimal Production Lot Size of Multiple Products on a Machine
Ayub Rahimzadeh -
Open Access Article
315 - Prioritization of Lean-production Components with Fuzzy Network Analysis: A Case Study (Sam Electric Co.)
Sayyed Mohammad Reza Davoodi Fatemeh Pasamehr -
Open Access Article
316 - A Novel Transformation Watershed Image Segmentation Model in Digital Elevation Maps Processing
Aref Safari -
Open Access Article
317 - Production Optimization on the Flow Shop Scheduling Problem: A Simulation Study
Farshid Salehi Seyed Mojtaba Sajadi Mohammad Mehdi Karami -
Open Access Article
318 - A Comparison of Job-shop and Group Technology Using Simulation by ARENA
Siyavash Khaledan Hadi Shirouyehzad -
Open Access Article
319 - Table of Contents
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Open Access Article
320 - Table of Contents
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Open Access Article
321 - Table of Contents
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322 - Table of Contents
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323 - Table of Contents
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324 - Table of Contents
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325 - Table of Contents
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326 - Table of Contents
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327 - Table of Contents
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Open Access Article
329 - Designing Tolerance Chart and Process for CNC Machining Parts
Mohammad Ali Farsi -
Open Access Article
330 - A Comparison of Job-Shop and Group Technology Using Simulation by ARENA
Siyavash Khaledan Hadi Shirouyehzad -
Open Access Article
331 - Ranking 7Ms Effective Factors in Iranian Production Systems Using Fuzzy AHP
Amir Amini Alireza Alinezhad -
Open Access Article
332 - Examining and explaining the role of knowledge management on improving sales of pharmaceutical products through mediation Experiential marketing (case study: pharmaceutical manufacturing company)
Hossin khorshidvand Mansour Torkiantabar farzad asayeshThe purpose of the current research is to explain the role of knowledge management on improving the sale of pharmaceutical products or mediating experiential marketing in a pharmaceutical company. The research method is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of MoreThe purpose of the current research is to explain the role of knowledge management on improving the sale of pharmaceutical products or mediating experiential marketing in a pharmaceutical company. The research method is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the research includes 400 employees of the toliddaru Company, of which 196 were selected as a sample based on Cochran's formula. A simple random method was used to select the samples. To collect quantitative data, three Lawsen knowledge management questionnaires, Ray and Tang sales performance questionnaires, and experimental marketing researcher questionnaires were used. The reliability coefficient of each questionnaire based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient is 0.822, 0.987 and 0.938 respectively. In this research, inferential statistics methods such as the Kolmogronov-Smirinov test to measure the normality of the data distribution and the simple linear regression test to test the hypotheses were used in the environment of SPSS26 statistical software and pls statistical software. The findings showed that from the perspective of the employees of the toliddaru Company, knowledge management is effective in improving the sales of products through the mediation of experiential marketing. The findings also showed that each of the components of knowledge management (knowledge creation, knowledge absorption, knowledge organization, knowledge storage, dissemination of knowledge and application of knowledge) with the mediating role of experiential marketing is effective in improving the sales of the company's products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
333 - Modeling the reduction of construction waste production using the concept of lean construction, Dimetal technique and cause and effect relationships
mohsen izadinia ali poornamazianProduction of construction w In this research, the factors affecting waste production have been identified from previous articles, preliminary questionnaires and interviews.aste is one of the most important factors affecting performance and cost increase in construction MoreProduction of construction w In this research, the factors affecting waste production have been identified from previous articles, preliminary questionnaires and interviews.aste is one of the most important factors affecting performance and cost increase in construction projects. In the next step, the final questionnaire was prepared. Then, the relationship between the variables and the cause-and-effect relationships was carried out through the system thinking approach and Dimtel technique to confirm the cause-and-effect relationships according to the pairwise comparison questionnaire among ten identified experts. Also, lean construction was used as a solution to reduce waste production. Lean construction follows new rules and without using new technologies or updating equipment with minimum use of resources, minimum waste and maximum productivity in construction projects. The main purpose of this article is to use the concept of lean construction and the system dynamics method to identify the main causes of waste production in construction projects. The main focus of lean construction is to analyze waste production processes, improve activities to reduce waste production and increase performance in construction projects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
334 - An Optimization Function On Depreciation of Assets
Reza Fallah-Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
335 - Investigating the effect of interdisciplinary courses in the virtual education system on knowledge production in cyberspace among students of Farhangian University
akram hafezi narges miranisargaziThe general purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of interdisciplinary courses in the virtual education system on knowledge production in cyberspace among students of Farhangian University. The present research is in terms of applied purpose and is in the MoreThe general purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of interdisciplinary courses in the virtual education system on knowledge production in cyberspace among students of Farhangian University. The present research is in terms of applied purpose and is in the category of quasi-experimental research with experimental and control groups along with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population includes all students of Farhangian University of Tehran. First, by using random sampling method among students of different fields and sections of Farhangian University in a simple random way and using online computer software, 40 people as a sample in the academic year 1401-1400 in Farhangian University of Tehran They were studying, they were elected. Research data collection tools include a researcher-made questionnaire to assess the impact of interdisciplinary courses. After data collection, data analysis was performed using spss25 software and analysis of covariance. Analysis results; It is indicated that interdisciplinary virtual education courses affect the production of knowledge in cyberspace among students of Farhangian University in terms of content integration, school and individual integration, integration of skills and processes, and integrationism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
336 - Investigation of some technological properties of Enterococcus isolates in Iranian Motal cheese
Fardin Kouhi حمید میرزائی yousef Nami Jalil Khandaghi Afshin JavadiThe existence of different species of Enterococcus, which have a significant effect on the technological characteristics of cheese, particularly its flavor, has been established in milk and dairy products. This study aimed to explore some of the most significant technol MoreThe existence of different species of Enterococcus, which have a significant effect on the technological characteristics of cheese, particularly its flavor, has been established in milk and dairy products. This study aimed to explore some of the most significant technological features of Iranian Motal cheese-derived Enterococcus isolates with probiotic characteristics. For this, first the growth rates of Enterococcus isolates at 25, 30, 37, and 43 °C were measured, and their ability for acidification was then assessed by measuring pH and acidity by incubation at the optimal temperature for zero, 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Subsequently, enzymatic aspects related to technological features including proteolytic and amylolytic activity as well as diacetyl production were evaluated. The results showed that the growth rates of 3TB and 7KB strains belonging to E. durans and E. faecium were greater at 30 °C and that other isolates had the maximum growth rates at 43 °C. Beginning with the fourth hour of incubation, the examined enterococci significantly decreased pH and increased acidity so that, all of the isolates were able to coagulate milk within 72 hours of incubation at the proper growth temperature, with the exception of the 3TB and 7KB strains. It was also observed that isolates 5C, 1D and 3B had all three desired technological characteristics. Overall, examined isolates, particularly the 5C, 1D, and 3B strains, can be employed as an adjunct culture for the manufacture of fermented dairy products such as various cheese types due to their appropriate technological properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
337 - مطالعه قومی پزشکی گیاهان دارویی رایج منطقه کاپیلواستو، نپال
سندیپ ماهارا پراکاش اوجا مبارک گادی آکریتی بورتلBackground & Aim: Medicinal plants have served as the primary constituents of traditional healthcare methods. Such plants have served mankind since primordial times. But such traditional knowledge is lacking conservation and promotion in present times. Documentation MoreBackground & Aim: Medicinal plants have served as the primary constituents of traditional healthcare methods. Such plants have served mankind since primordial times. But such traditional knowledge is lacking conservation and promotion in present times. Documentation of such traditional knowledge can serve as safeguards for the conservation of such knowledge. The study primarily aims at the documentation of locally abundant medicinal plants available in the Kapilvastu district of Southern Nepal.Experimental: Data on medicinal plants regarding their local name, parts used along with their usage were collected through a questionnaire survey with a total of n=54 individuals of the locality. Excel software was used to analyze the pooled data and results were demonstrated in tables, charts, and graphs. Google Scholar and Researchgate were assessed for secondary data collection.Results: A total of 50 plant species from 46 genera representing 30 families used for curing 55 types of diseases were identified in the study area. Family Fabaceae was reported with the maximum number of species used (n=6). Trees (n=26) was the major used life form and leaf was the most frequently used (n=28) in terms of parts used.Recommended applications/industries: This study serves as a future basis for research promotion, resource production, policy formulation, and protection of these highly valuable plants. The paper will also be useful for those looking for traditional remedial measures using locally available plants in Kapilvastu district, and also will serve as informational bank for homeopathy-based curative measures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
338 - مروری بر خواص دارویی و کاربردی دارچین
امیرپویا قندهاری یزدی آلاله نیکویی لیلا صداقت بروجنیمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به عوارض داروهای شیمیایی امروزه طب گیاهی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. دارچین از تیره برگ بو[1] است که در غذاها به عنوان ادویه و در داروها استفاده میشود. دارچین دارای خواص ضدمیکروب، آنتی اکسیدان، آنتی دیابت ضد ویروس و ضد اسپاسم، ضد نفخ، افزایش د Moreمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به عوارض داروهای شیمیایی امروزه طب گیاهی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. دارچین از تیره برگ بو[1] است که در غذاها به عنوان ادویه و در داروها استفاده میشود. دارچین دارای خواص ضدمیکروب، آنتی اکسیدان، آنتی دیابت ضد ویروس و ضد اسپاسم، ضد نفخ، افزایش دهنده تعریق بدن، گرم کننده و محرک رحم میباشد. اسانس دارچین خاصیت ضد قارچی و ضد باکتریایی دارد که احتمالا این آثار مربوط به محتوی ارتومتوکسی سینامالدئید است. عصاره دارچین دارای ترکیباتی مثل اوژنول میباشد که باعث به وجود آمدن خاصیت فیبرینولیتیک در آن میشود. دارچین و ترکیبات آن میتوانند روی سیستم اعصاب مرکزی نیز اثر گذاشته و باعث کاهش درد شوند همچنین ترکیبات موجود در دارچین باعث تقویت عمل انسولین و کاهش مقاومت انسولینی میشود که باعث اثر مثبت بر گلوکز سطح خون میشود. یکی از مهمترین اثرات درمانی دارچین افزایش میل جنسی میباشد. افزایش هورمونها را میتوان به اثر مستقیم یا غیر مستقیم ترکیبات دارچین به ویژه سینامالدئید در افزایش سنتز نیتریک اکسید دانست. دارچین دارای ترکیبات فرار و غیر فرار فنلیک و غیر فنلیک میباشد که باعث به وجود آمدن خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی در دارچین میشود. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با توجه به خواص ذکر شده برای دارچین و عصاره آن، هم­چنین سهولت در استخراج عصاره و قیمت مناسب آن میتوان در صنایع دارویی و مواد غذایی از آن استفاده نمود.در صنعت موادغذایی از خواص آنتی میکروبیالی و آنتی اکسیدانی آن و حتی در صنایع بستهبندی به عنوان یک نگهدارنده طبیعی میتوان از آن استفاده نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
339 - None-platinum electrode catalysts and membranes for highly efficient and inexpensive H2 production in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs): A review
Abudukeremu Kadier Washington Logroño Pankaj Kumar Rai Mohd Sahaid Kalil Azah Mohamed Hassimi Abu Hasan Aidil Abdul Hamid -
Open Access Article
340 - .Pragmatics of Theoretical Traditions in Readings of Spatial Levels, Emphasizing Components of “Everyday Life”
Mitra Habibi mojdeh jamshidiNowadays, to have a critical look toward spatial issues necessitates a criticism of and a transformation in our behavior (theoretical and practical) toward space. Such a stance can be used as a method to describe, interpret and criticize “everyday life” and MoreNowadays, to have a critical look toward spatial issues necessitates a criticism of and a transformation in our behavior (theoretical and practical) toward space. Such a stance can be used as a method to describe, interpret and criticize “everyday life” and identify spatial issues from the same perspective. Spatial reading first appears in theoretical traditions and components affecting it. During the last fifty years, in line with the “spatial turn” of social theories, “everyday life” has gradually penetrated spatial studies. Interpreting space as a social, multi-layered and relational affair is an assumption of such a turn. During this period, theories are considered as a component of space production in “social production of Space” theories. This encouraged us to undertake a thorough investigation of social theories and categorize them on the basis of spatial interpretation, so that we may acquire a more comprehensive view to understand, analyze the issues, and provide spatial solutions. Therefore, we first investigate the assumptions of social theories (in macro and micro levels emphasizing space, everyday life, and action) and then, based on the concept of action as an important spatial layer, we will discuss the three theories of scenario, practice and controversy. Finally, these theories are considered for their applications in spatial reading, categorization and its different dimensions. Therefore, the principals of any theory are described in a descriptive-analytical framework based on logical reasoning and by relying on library and internet resources. The results show that these theories are applicable in a level of spatial reading. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
341 - Analysis of urban space production from the political perspective with Actor–network theory (Case study of Abbasabad lands in Tehran)
Nayyer Farabiasl Mojtaba Rafieian Bahram Alizadeh"Urban space production is a complex and multidimensional issue in which space is considered both a social product and a political agent. In this research, the relationship between space and power in a specific city has been examined using Actor-Network Theory (ANT), wh More"Urban space production is a complex and multidimensional issue in which space is considered both a social product and a political agent. In this research, the relationship between space and power in a specific city has been examined using Actor-Network Theory (ANT), which is a sociological approach to analyzing the relationships between human and non-human actors. The main objective of this research is to identify and analyze the power networks (actors) involved in the production of urban spaces. The research method is a case study, and the case under study is Abbasabad lands in Tehran, which is one of the largest urban development projects in Iran. The research data has been collected through semi-structured interviews and field observations, and they have been analyzed using a descriptive-analytical approach."The results indicate that in the Abbasabad zone, the government and its affiliated organizations have formed power networks using their political and economic influence, depriving other actors of participating in space production. It has also been revealed that the network of actors and power in this area is not in line with the needs and desires of the citizens, and even the role of experts and the private sector in space production has been influenced by political factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
342 - Explaining the dialectic of space and the concept of the right to the city from the perspective of critical urban theories
Pouyan Mozaheb Saeid Piri Hamid Reza Sabaghi Alireza EstelajiUrban spaces cannot be considered only as a natural structure in the framework of the historical growth and development of cities. Rather, these spaces are always organized and reproduced through various factors such as capital, politics, ideology and society. This is d MoreUrban spaces cannot be considered only as a natural structure in the framework of the historical growth and development of cities. Rather, these spaces are always organized and reproduced through various factors such as capital, politics, ideology and society. This is despite the fact that today, due to the dominance of capital-oriented policies on urban spaces, the social dimensions of space production have been neglected. In such a city, the rights of citizens in influencing the spaces of daily life have been marginalized. In contrast to this common thinking, critical urban theories have been formed based on the fundamental criticism of these approaches and the disclosure of the main factors that exclude citizens from urban spaces. Therefore, this article, with a fundamental approach and by adopting a descriptive-analytical method and by using qualitative and critical analyzes based on critical urban theories, by explaining the spatial dialectic in relation to the effects of politics, capital and society in the production of space, tries to reveal the roots of the deprivation of the contemporary urban society. By applying the concept of the right to the city, we argue that strategies based on the social will of city residents can be presented against these attitudes governing the urban space, and we also believe that urban praxis as a social action will play an effective role in the urban space by responding to the demands of an urban society in order to achieve the social benefits of citizens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
343 - بکارگیری تئوری محدودیت ها در برنامه ریزی و مدیریت تولید-مطالعه موردی
Ahmad Hooshmand Ali Reza Mehrazeen Ali Reza Davoody Mohamad Reza Shorvarziتغییرات مستمر در کسب و کار ،موجب گردید که محیط تجاری پویا شود و ضرورت بهره گیری از اطلاعات در تصمیم گیری و مدیریت افزایش یابد.درک و شناخت این محیط به اهمیت نقش حسابداری مدیریت به عنوان پارادایمی نوین در ادامه تکامل دانش حسابداری کمک شایانی می کند. نتیجه این تغییرات ،موج Moreتغییرات مستمر در کسب و کار ،موجب گردید که محیط تجاری پویا شود و ضرورت بهره گیری از اطلاعات در تصمیم گیری و مدیریت افزایش یابد.درک و شناخت این محیط به اهمیت نقش حسابداری مدیریت به عنوان پارادایمی نوین در ادامه تکامل دانش حسابداری کمک شایانی می کند. نتیجه این تغییرات ،موجب تغییر در رویکردها و دیدگاههای حسابداری مدیریت می شود.از جمله این تغییرات محدودیت هایی است که در خط مشی و سیاستها، تقاضا و فرایند تولید در موسسات تولیدی ایجاد شده که تنها راه دستیابی به حداکثر سود صرفا با تعیین ترکیب تولید محصولات بر اساس محدودیت های موجود است. در این تحقیق با شناسایی محدودیت های یک شرکت تولید کننده کاشی که شامل محدودیت درخط تولید و تقاضا می باشد، ضمن شناسایی گلوگاه تولید که قسمت کوره می باشد، با استفاده از نرم افزار LINGOورژن15، برنامه ریزی تولید تدوین و بر روی متغیرها و اقلام سمت راست تحلیل حساسیت انجام شده است Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
344 - In vitro Assessment of the Effect of Plant Extracts on Digestibility, Estimated Energy Value, Microbial Mass and Rumen Fermentation Kinetics
و. ناصری ف. کفیل زاده ح. جهانی عزیزآبادی -
Open Access Article
345 - Prediction of Egg Production Using Artificial Neural Network
S. Ghazanfari K. Nobari M. Tahmoorespur -
Open Access Article
346 - Optimization of Energy Consumption in Milk Production Units through Integration of Data Envelopment Analysis Approach and Sensitivity Analysis
ح. سلطانعلی ب. عمادی ع. روحانی م. خجستهپور ا. نیکخواه -
Open Access Article
347 - Determination of in vitro Gas Production Kinetics by Adding Leucaena leucecophala and Corn Oil to the Ration in Different Ratios
C.T. Noviandi K. Kustaantinah A. Irawan B.P. Widyobroto A. Astuti -
Open Access Article
348 - Probiotics Improve Productive Performance and Carcass Ultrasonographic Quality of Steers under Grazing during Dry-Water Transition Season
N.F. Neves C.A. Pedrini E.R. Oliveira O.F.C. Marques J.T. Silva R.A.S. Becker W.S. Gouvea A.R.M. Fernandes J.R. Gandra -
Open Access Article
349 - تأثیر عصاره بره موم ایرانی بر تخمیر شکمبه، تولید متان و جمعیت میکروبی در شرایط برونتنی
ش. احتشام ع.ر. وکیلی م. دانش مسگران و. بانکوابرای انجام این تحقیق دو نوع خوراک (پر کنستانتره و پر علوفه) به همراه غلظتهای مختلف عصاره الکلی بره موم زنبور عسل ایرانی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. تیمارهای بکار رفته در پژوهش شامل: خوراک پرکنستانتره (کنترل)، خوراک پرکنستانتره + عصاره بره موم 25 درصد، خوراک پرکنستانتره + 5 Moreبرای انجام این تحقیق دو نوع خوراک (پر کنستانتره و پر علوفه) به همراه غلظتهای مختلف عصاره الکلی بره موم زنبور عسل ایرانی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. تیمارهای بکار رفته در پژوهش شامل: خوراک پرکنستانتره (کنترل)، خوراک پرکنستانتره + عصاره بره موم 25 درصد، خوراک پرکنستانتره + 50 درصد، خوراک پرکنستانتره + 75 درصد، خوراک پر علوفه (کنترل)، خوراک پر علوفه + عصاره بره موم 25 درصد، خوراک پرعلوفه +50 درصد و خوراک پر علوفه +75 درصد (یعنی 25، 50 و 75 گرم بره موم زنبورعسل ایرانی در 100 سیسی الکل اتانول 70 درصد) بود. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد تیمارهای حاوی بره موم 75 درصد تولید گاز را به طور معنیداری افزایش میدهد. افزودن بره موم موجب تغییر معنیداری در pH شکمبه نمیشود. در تیمار خوراکهای پرکنستانتره تیمار حاوی بره موم 50 درصد موجب کاهش معنیدار نیتروژن آمونیاکی در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها میشود. همچنین تیمار حاوی بره موم 75 درصد موجب کاهش معنیدار تولید گاز متان میشود. بیشترین کاهش و بیشترین افزایش جمعیت پریوتلا بریانتی به ترتیب در تیمارهای حاوی 75 درصد و 25 درصد مشاهده شد. در تیمار خوراکهای پرعلوفه کاهش معنیدار جمعیت پروتوزوآ در بره موم 75 درصد در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها مشاهده شد. بعلاوه جمعیت متانوژنزها کاهش معنیداری در تیمارهای حاوی 25 دصد، 50 درصد و 75 درصد بره موم در مقابسه با کنترل داشت. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که عصاره بره موم موجب بهبود تخمیر، کاهش متان و نیتروژن آمونیاکی میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
350 - Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Have Beneficial Effect on Frozen-Thawed Spermatozoa of Holstein Bulls
F. Farhadi A. Towhidi M. Shakeri A. Seifi-Jamadi -
Open Access Article
351 - استنباط بیزی مولفههای واریانس–کواریانس و پارامترهای ژنتیکی برای صفات اقتصادی هلشتاینهای ایران از طریق نمونهگیری گیبس
H. Faraji-Arough A.A. Aslaminejad M. Tahmoorespur M. Rokouei M.M. Shariatiهدف از این مطالعه، برآورد پارامترهای ژنتیکی صفات تولید، تولید مثل و بهداشت گاوهای هلشتاین ایران با استفاده از روش بیزی از طریق نمونه­گیری گیبس بود. رکوردهای اولین شیردهی 320666 گاو هلشتاین متولد شده از 7696 نر و 260302 ماده که مابین سالهای 1370 تا 1389 توسط مرکز اص Moreهدف از این مطالعه، برآورد پارامترهای ژنتیکی صفات تولید، تولید مثل و بهداشت گاوهای هلشتاین ایران با استفاده از روش بیزی از طریق نمونه­گیری گیبس بود. رکوردهای اولین شیردهی 320666 گاو هلشتاین متولد شده از 7696 نر و 260302 ماده که مابین سالهای 1370 تا 1389 توسط مرکز اصلاح نژاد دام کشور جمع­آوری شده بود، مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. مولفه­های واریانس- کواریانس با استفاده از مدل حیوانی چند صفتی از طریق نمونهگیری گیبس برآورد شدند. بعد از رسیدن به همگرایی، دامنه تراکم پسین وراثت­پذیری برای شیر (MY305)، چربی (FY305)، پروتئین (PY305)، سن در اولین گوساله ­زایی (AFC)، فاصله گوساله ­زایی (CI) و نمره سلولهای بدنی (SCS) به ترتیب 275/0-255/0، 215/0-195/0، 225/0-195/0، 275/0-260/0، 080/0-065/0 و 075/0-055/0 بود. دامنه همبستگی ژنتیکی بین 121/0- (بین تولید چربی و سن در اولین گوساله زایی) تا 914/0 (بین تولید شیر و پروتئین) و همبستگی فنوتیپبی بین 083/0- (بین تولید شیر و نمره سلولهای بدنی) تا 929/0 (بین تولید شیر و پروتئین) به دست آمد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که صفات تولیدی و سن در اولین گوساله زایی تنوع ژنتیکی کافی برای بهبود در برنامه­های اصلاحی را دارند. همبستگی­های ژنتیکی برآورد شده پیشنهاد کننده این هستند که صفات تولید شیر و فاصله گوساله ­زایی در صورتی که افزایش تولید شیر در اهداف انتخابی مد نظر قرار گیرد می­توانند تحت تأثیر قرار بگیرند. همبستگی ژنتیکی بالا بین فاصله گوساله­ زایی و نمره سلولهای بدنی بیان کننده این است که افزایش فاصله گوساله ­زایی منجر به افزایش نمره سلولهای بدنی می­شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
352 - Use of Yeast Culture in the TMR of Dairy Holstein Cows
P. Dolezal J. Dolezal K. Szwedziak J. Dvoracek L. Zeman M. Tukiendorf Z. Havlicek -
Open Access Article
353 - Productive Efficiency of Lactating Buffaloes Fed Bypass Fat under Field Conditions: Effect on Milk Yield, Milk Composition, Body Weight and Economics
S.G. Vahora S. Parnerkar K.B. Kore -
Open Access Article
354 - اثر روغن اسانسی آویشن شیرازی، اکالیپتوس و مخلوط آنها بر فراسنجههای تخمیر با استفاده از مایع شکمبه بز مرخز
س. میرزایی چشمهگچی م.م. معینی ف. هژبری م.ا. نوریان سروردر این مطالعه، سطوح مختلف روغن­های اسانسی آویشن شیرازی، اکالیپتوس (0، 100، 250، 500، 750 و 1000 میکروگرم در میلی­لیتر) و مخلوط یکسان آنها به علوفه یونجه همراه با مایع شکمبه بافری شده بز مرخز اضافه وگرمخانه گذاری شد تا تولید گاز، تخمیر شکمبه و جمعیت پروتوزوآ در ش Moreدر این مطالعه، سطوح مختلف روغن­های اسانسی آویشن شیرازی، اکالیپتوس (0، 100، 250، 500، 750 و 1000 میکروگرم در میلی­لیتر) و مخلوط یکسان آنها به علوفه یونجه همراه با مایع شکمبه بافری شده بز مرخز اضافه وگرمخانه گذاری شد تا تولید گاز، تخمیر شکمبه و جمعیت پروتوزوآ در شرایط آزمایشگاهی مورد مطالعه قرار گیرد. پتانسیل تولید گاز (B) و سرعت تخمیر (C) در تمام تیمارهای آزمایشی کاهش یافت درحالی­که فاز تأخیر (L) افزایش نشان داد. آویشن شیرازی و اکالیپتوس تأثیری بر pH نداشتند ولی در سطوح بالای مخلوط روغن­های اسانسی نسبت به شاهد، pH بالاتر بود (001/0>P). تولید نیتروژن­ آمونیاکی به سبب افزودن مخلوط روغن­های اسانسی کاهش یافت (01/0>P) و غلظت کل اسیدهای چرب فرار با اضافه نمودن روغن­های اسانسی آویشن شیرازی و اکالیپتوس کاهش نشان داد (01/0>P). گاز تولیدی 24 ساعته، تولید متان و میزان ماده­ آلی تجزیه شده کاهش یافت (01/0>P)، درحالیکه ضریب تفکیک­پذیری در همه تیمارها افزایش نشان داد. انرژی متابولیسمی کاهش یافت (05/0>P). افزودن روغن اسانسی سبب کاهش تعداد پروتوزوآی کل و جنس­های مختلف پروتوزوآ شد (001/0>P). نتایج نشان داد که روغن­های اسانسی آویشن شیرازی و اکالیپتوس می­توانند در تعدیل تخمیر شکمبه مؤثر باشند ولی در سطوح بالا، دارای اثر ضد پروتوزوآیی میباشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
355 - Lactation Performance of Nili-Ravi Buffaloes Fed Alkali Treated Rice Husks
N.A. Tauqir F. Ahmad A. Faraz I.M. Gorsi N. Mujahid A. Asghar -
Open Access Article
356 - Performance of Lactating Sahiwal Cows Fed Corn Stovers Ensiled with Molasses, Urea and Lime Solution
F. Ahmad N.A. Tauqir A. Faraz I. Asghar F. Wadood M.N. Tahir M.N. Mujahid -
Open Access Article
357 - Effect of Using L–Threonine and Reducing Dietary Levels of Crude Protein on Egg Production in Layers
M. Mohammadi Gheisar F. Foroudi A. Ghazikhani Shad -
Open Access Article
358 - Estimating Heritabilities and Breeding Values for Real and Predicted Milk Production in Holstein Dairy Cows with Artificial Neural Network and Multiple Linear Regression Models
M. Nosrati S.H. Hafezian M. Gholizadeh -
Open Access Article
359 - اثر عصاره متانولی پوست انار بر روند تخمیر شکمبهای کنجالههای دانههای روغنی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی
ش. نظارتی ن. ماهری سیساین مطالعه به منظور تعیین اثرات افزودن عصاره­ متانولی پوست انار در سطوح 0، 5/0 و 1 درصد شیرابه شکمبه­ بافر شده بر روند تخمیر شکمبه­ای چهار نوع کنجاله­ دانه­های روغنی شامل کنجاله سویا، کنجاله تخم پنبه، کنجاله منداب و کنجاله آفتابگردان، با استفاده از ف Moreاین مطالعه به منظور تعیین اثرات افزودن عصاره­ متانولی پوست انار در سطوح 0، 5/0 و 1 درصد شیرابه شکمبه­ بافر شده بر روند تخمیر شکمبه­ای چهار نوع کنجاله­ دانه­های روغنی شامل کنجاله سویا، کنجاله تخم پنبه، کنجاله منداب و کنجاله آفتابگردان، با استفاده از فن تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی به اجرا در آمد. نمونه­های آزمایشی در سرنگ­های حاوی شیرابه­ شکمبه­ گرفته شده از سه رأس گوسفند نر قزل کانولا گذاری شده، برای مدت زمان­های 2، 4، 6، 8، 12، 24 و 36 ساعت انکوبه شدند. افزودن عصاره­ متانولی پوست انار موجب افزایش معنی­دار حجم گاز تولیدی در تمام زمان­های انکوباسیون و برای تمامی کنجاله­های مورد آزمایش شد. همچنین مقدار گاز تولیدی متناسب با افزایش سطح عصاره افزایش یافت. مقدار فراسنجه­های a(حجم گاز حاصل از تخمیر بخش سریع قابل حل)، b (حجم گاز حاصل از تخمیر بخش نامحلول اما قابل تخمیر) و مجموع گاز تولیدی (a+b)، نیز در تمامی کنجاله­های مورد آزمایش، با افزایش دوز عصاره­ پوست انار افزایش یافت. افزودن عصاره پوست انار، تولید اسیدهای چرب فرار در شکمبه را نیز افزایش داد. متناسب با زیادتر شدن سطح عصاره، افزایش تولید اسیدهای چرب فرار نیز بیشتر شد. به عنوان یک نتیجه­ کلی، به نظر می­رسد افزودن عصاره­ متانولی پوست انار به شیرابه شکمبه باعث افزایش تخمیر شکمبه­ای و تولید اسیدهای چرب بیشتر در نشخوارکنندگان می­شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
360 - عوامل اثرگذار بر امتیاز شرایط بدنی و ارتباط آن با عملکرد تولیدی و تولیدمثلی گاوهای هلشتاین ایران
N. Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh M. Akbarianهدف از مطالعه حاضر تعیین عوامل اثرگذار بر امتیاز شرایط بدنی (BCS) و ارتباط آن با عملکرد تولیدی و تولیدمثلی گاوهای هلشتاین است. از یک مدل مختلط برای تجزیه رکوردهای ماهیانه امتیاز شرایط بدنی از آوریل 2006 تا جولای 2012 که مشتمل بر 34666 رکوردهای 3134 گاو شیری در یک گلۀ بز Moreهدف از مطالعه حاضر تعیین عوامل اثرگذار بر امتیاز شرایط بدنی (BCS) و ارتباط آن با عملکرد تولیدی و تولیدمثلی گاوهای هلشتاین است. از یک مدل مختلط برای تجزیه رکوردهای ماهیانه امتیاز شرایط بدنی از آوریل 2006 تا جولای 2012 که مشتمل بر 34666 رکوردهای 3134 گاو شیری در یک گلۀ بزرگ تجاری گاو شیری در شرایط آب و هوایی خشک اصفهان بود استفاده شد. امتیاز شرایط بدنی بر مقیاس 1 تا 5 اندازه­گیری شد. عوامل ثابت برازش یافته در مدل مختلط نهایی تجزیه شامل سال ارزیابی، شکم زایش و فصل ارزیابی و همچنین اثرات متقابل سال و شکم زایش، فصل و شکم زایش و سال و شکم زایش بودند. میانگین کلی امتیاز شرایط بدنی در گله 77/0 ± 06/3 بود. نتایج نشان داد که روند افزایشی برای امتیاز شرایط بدنی در طی سال­ها از 2006 تا 2012 وجود دارد (001/0>P). همچنین، فصل ارزیابی زمستان نسبت به سایر فصول منجر به ایجاد امتیاز شرایط بدنی بیشتری شد (001/0>P). میانگین امتیاز شرایط بدنی از شکم زایش اول تا سوم افزایش یافته و پس از آن کاهش یافت (05/0>P). همبستگی بین امتیاز شرایط بدنی و تولید شیر منفی بوده و از 23/0- تا 13/0- در طی شکم­های مختلف زایش متغیر بود. همبستگی بین امتیاز شرایط بدنی و درصد چربی شیر کم بوده و از 0 (برای شکم زایش 4 و بالاتر) تا 08/0 (شکمهای زایش اول و دوم) متغیر بود. همبستگی پایین تا متوسطی (از 14/0 تا 29/0) بین امتیاز شرایط بدنی و درصد پروتئین شیر در طی شکم­های مختلف زایش وجود داشت. برآوردهای همبستگی بین امتیاز شرایط بدنی و روزهای باز، فاصله گوساله­زایی و تعداد دفعات تلقیح منجر به آبستنی پایین و مثبت بوده ولی همبستگی بین امتیاز شرایط بدنی و نرخ آبستنی در طی شکم­های مختلف زایش منفی بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
361 - Genetic Predisposition to Abortions in Iranian Holstein Cows
S. Nadri P. Zamani A. Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi R. Abdoli A. Ghazi Khani Shad -
Open Access Article
362 - Evaluation of Dietary Calcium Requirements in Fayoumi Laying Hens
A. El-Ghamry Hewida M.H. El-Allawy M. Hewida S.A. Yassein G.M. El-Mallah -
Open Access Article
363 - Intake, Digestibility, and Rumen Metabolism of Feedlot Lambs Supplemented either Monensin or Increasing Doses of Copaiba (Copaifera spp.) Essential oil
E.R. Oliveira F.S.S. Abreu A.M.A. Gabriel O.F.C. Marques J.T. Silva N.F. Neves H.F. Durães E.R.S. Gandra J.R. Gandra -
Open Access Article
364 - مقایسه تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی، ارزش تغذیهای، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و قابلیت هضم ماده آلی برخی از واریتههای نخود
ت. آیسان آی. یولگر ام. کالیبر اس. ارگول اچ. اینسی د. مارت م. طغیانیاین مطالعه برای تعیین ارزش تغذیه­ای واریته­های مختلف نخود با استفاده از تکنیک تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تنوع معنی­داری از نظر ترکیبات شیمیایی، نرخ تولید گاز و انرژی قابل متابولیسم، انرژی خالص شیردهی و ماده آلی قابل هضم بین هشت واریته Moreاین مطالعه برای تعیین ارزش تغذیه­ای واریته­های مختلف نخود با استفاده از تکنیک تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تنوع معنی­داری از نظر ترکیبات شیمیایی، نرخ تولید گاز و انرژی قابل متابولیسم، انرژی خالص شیردهی و ماده آلی قابل هضم بین هشت واریته مختلف نخود وجود دارد. در واریته­های مختلف نخود، محتوای پروتئین از 26/15 تا 52/18 درصد ماده خشک، محتوای چربی خام از 14/4 تا 33/5 درصد ماده خشک، محتوای خاکستر از 69/2 تا 46/3 درصد ماده خشک متغیر بود. فیبر محلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF) و فیبر محلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADF) در واریته­های مختلف نخود به ترتیب از 46/12 تا 29/17 درصد ماده خشک و از 80/3 تا 87/4 درصد ماده خشک متغیر بوده است. تولید گاز کُل 24 ساعت واریته­ها از 67/58 تا 66/81 میلی­لیتر در هر 200 میلی­گرم ماده خشک (DM) در نوسان بوده است. محتوای انرژی قابل متابولیسم محاسبه شده (ME) و ماده آلی قابل هضم (DOM) واریته­های نخود به ترتیب در محدوده 25/10 تا 83/13 مگاژول در هر کیلوگرم ماده خشک و 69/68 تا 64/91 درصد متغیر بوده است. در نتیجه، نخود می­تواند با موفقیت در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان به کار گرفته شود. همچنین واریته­های کاگاتای و ازمیر بر مبنای ارزش غذایی­شان، بهتر از سایر واریته­های مطالعه شده بودند. Manuscript profile -
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365 - The Effect of Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Culture Versus Fla-ovomycin Supplementation on Laying Hen Diets and Their Co-mparative Influence on The Late Stage Production Performnce
H.M.A. Hewida M.H. El-Allawy A.A. El-Ghamry El-Ghamry -
Open Access Article
366 - ارزیابی نگهداری و دما بر کیفیت فیزیکی تخم مرغ برای جوجه های لاین در اوج تولید
ان. درجیهدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر ذخیرهسازی و دما بر کیفیت فیزیکی تخم مرغ در جوجه های لاین بود. در مجموع 150 تخم مرغ از مزرعه دانشکده منابع طبیعی برای آزمایش حاضر جمعآوری شدند. حدود 70 تخم مرغ در یخچال خانگی (دما، 46/7±23/0 درجه سانتیگراد، رطوبت نسبی، 05/0±80 Moreهدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر ذخیرهسازی و دما بر کیفیت فیزیکی تخم مرغ در جوجه های لاین بود. در مجموع 150 تخم مرغ از مزرعه دانشکده منابع طبیعی برای آزمایش حاضر جمعآوری شدند. حدود 70 تخم مرغ در یخچال خانگی (دما، 46/7±23/0 درجه سانتیگراد، رطوبت نسبی، 05/0±80/24 درصد) و درجه حرارت اتاق (دما، 12/1±98/22 درجه سانتیگراد، رطوبت نسبی، 50/2±93/48 درصد) نگهداری شدند. از صحت شرایط با نصب غربالگری دادهها اطمینان حاصل شد. صفات کیفی تخم مرغ مورد بررسی شامل وزن تخم مرغ، شاخص شکل تخم مرغ، وزن مخصوص، حجم تخم مرغ، ضخامت پوسته، مرغ، شاخص زرده و pH سفیده بود. نتایج نشان میدهند که اثر ذخیرهسازی طولانی مدت بر کیفیت تخم مرغ مؤثر است و این اثر معنیدار بود (05/0>P). کیفیت تخم مرغ نگهداری شده در دمای اتاق در مقایسه با آنهایی که در یک محیط سرد قرار داده شدند، به سرعت کاسته میشد . در میان صفات مورد مطالعه در تخم مرغ به نظر میرسد، pH سفیده برای بررسی کیفیت تازگی تخم مرغ به دلیل روند ثابت آن قابل اعتماد باشد. با توجه به اطلاعات با pH سفیده تخم مرغ، تخم مرغهایی که به مدت 10 روز تحت شرایط سرد نگهداری شدند شبیه به تخم مرغ تازه باقی مانده و روزهای بعد به نظر میرسد به طور معنیداری (05/0>P) متفاوت است. علاوه بر این، این مطالعه اهمیت ضریب همبستگی در تعیین افت کیفی تخم مرغ در ذخیرهسازی طولانی را تأیید کرد. Manuscript profile -
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367 - drone, East Azarbaijan province, honey bee, infestation, reproduction, suppres-sion of mite reproduction, Varroa destructor
M. Elmi S.A. Rafat S. Alijani G. Tahmasbi A. Javanmard -
Open Access Article
368 - Some Productive, Reproductive and Physiological Effects of Using Different Dietary Protein Levels in Rabbit Does
A. Yassein D.M. Niveen O.H. Ezzo -
Open Access Article
369 - Influence of Natural Sources of Biologically Active Substances on Livestock and Poultry Reproduction
اس. گریگرووا د. آبادجیاِوا ن. گجورگوسکا -
Open Access Article
370 - ارزیابی فرصتهای جدید بالقوه گیاهان دارویی به عنوان محصولات طبیعی بر فراسنجههای تخمیرپذیری شکمبه در شرایط برونتنی
م. مهرآبادی ع. وکیلی م. دانش مسگران ر. ولیزادهبه ­منظور بررسی اثرات افزودن پنج گیاه ­دارویی به تنهایی (HP) یا مخلوطی از آنها (HPM) بر میزان گاز تولیدی و فراسنجه­های تخمیرپذیری شکمبه، دو آزمایش برون­تنی طراحی گردید. در آزمایش اول پنج گیاه دارویی (سیر، اکالیپتوس، دارچین، آویشن و نعناع فلفلی) در سه غلظ Moreبه ­منظور بررسی اثرات افزودن پنج گیاه ­دارویی به تنهایی (HP) یا مخلوطی از آنها (HPM) بر میزان گاز تولیدی و فراسنجه­های تخمیرپذیری شکمبه، دو آزمایش برون­تنی طراحی گردید. در آزمایش اول پنج گیاه دارویی (سیر، اکالیپتوس، دارچین، آویشن و نعناع فلفلی) در سه غلظت متفاوت به جیره افزوده گردید (5، 10 و 15 درصد ماده خشک کنسانتره). در آزمایش دوم مخلوط گیاهان دارویی در غلظت­های 2، 4 و 6 درصد مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. نتایج آزمایشات نشان ­داد که استفاده از گیاهان دارویی به تنهایی یا مخلوط، اکثر فراسنجه­های تخمیرپذیری شکمبه را تحت تأثیر قرار می­دهند. افزودن HP و HPM به طور معنی­داری کل گاز تولیدی از بخش قابل تخمیر (b) و نرخ ثابت تولید گاز (c) را افزایش دادند (01/0P<). غلظت آمونیاک (آزمایش اول)، متان (آزمایش اول و دوم)، کل اسیدهای چرب فرار (آزمایش اول و دوم)، استات (آزمایش اول)، پروپیونات (آزمایش اول و دوم) و نسبت استات به پروپیونات (آزمایش اول) تحت تأثیر HP و HPM قرار گرفتند. اسیدهای چرب کوتاه زنجیر شکمبه (01/0 P< و 05/0 P<به ترتیب برای زمان­های 16 و 24 ساعت انکوباسیون) و قابلیت هضم ماده آلی (OMD) با افزودن HP در ساعت­های 16 و 24 بالاتر از تیمار کنترل بود. هرچند قابلیت هضم ماده خشک (DMD) و انرژی متابولیسمی (ME) تیمار 6 درصد HPM در ساعت 24 انکوباسیون کمتر از کنترل بود (003/0 P< و 04/0P<). نتایج آزمایشات اثرات مفید HP و HPM در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان به عنوان اصلاح کننده فرایند تخمیر شکمبه را نشان­ داد که می­توانند گوارش­پذیری و استفاده از مواد مغذی را افزایش داده و منجر به بهبود عملکرد حیوان در شرایط درون­تنی شوند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
371 - Estimation of Optimum Utilization of Ruminant Feed Resources on Tropical Dry-Land during Dry and Rainy Seasons
E. Handayanta I. Subagiyo H. Hartutik K. Kusmartono F.A. Steenstra S.J. Oosting -
Open Access Article
372 - ارزیابی غلافهای کاهو (Ceratonia siliqua) و اقاقیای عسلی (Gleditsia triacanthos) به عنوان یک خوراک در گوسفند
اس. مدجکال ر. بداس اچ. بوسبوآ اس. لاپزارزش غذایی غلاف­های Ceratonia siliqua و Gledistia triacanthos از جنبه ترکیب شیمیایی، تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی و محصولات نهایی تخمیر شکمبه­ای مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. Medicago sativa به عنوان ماده خوراکی مرجع مورد استفاده واقع شد. نمونه­های مطالعه شده تفاوت­های Moreارزش غذایی غلاف­های Ceratonia siliqua و Gledistia triacanthos از جنبه ترکیب شیمیایی، تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی و محصولات نهایی تخمیر شکمبه­ای مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. Medicago sativa به عنوان ماده خوراکی مرجع مورد استفاده واقع شد. نمونه­های مطالعه شده تفاوت­هایی در ترکیب شیمیایی و ترکیبات فنولی نشان دادند. به طور مشخص محتوای پروتئین خام (CP) در کاهو پایین بوده (80 گرم در هر کیلوگرم ماده خشک) و بالاتر از Medicago sativa و غلاف G. triacanthos بوده (به ترتیب 79/159 و 56/121 گرم در هر کیلوگرم ماده خشک) است. وارد کردن پلی­اتیلن گلیکول (PEG) در محیط کشت منجر به افزایش معنی­دار (05/0>P) تولید گاز در Ceratonia siliqua و Gledistia triacanthos گردیده ولی تأثیری بر M. sativa مشاهده نگردید. بالاترین مقدار تولید گاز در C. siliqua و G. triacanthos مشاهده گردید ولی مقدار مزبور در Medicago sativa به صورت معنی­داری پایین بود. بیشترین تولید گاز در Ceratonia siliqua و Gledistia triacanthos (به ترتیب 80/96 و 55/289 میلی­لیتر گاز به ازای هر گرم ماده خشک) مشاهده شده ولی Medicago sativa پایین­ترین مقدار را نشان داد (64/243 میلی­لیتر گاز به ازای هر گرم ماده خشک). از نظر غلظت استات، دو گروه متفاوت دیده شد: Medicago sativa و Gledistia triacanthos (به ترتیب 58/86 و 32/66 درصد) در یک گروه قرار گرفته ولی تخمیر Ceratonia siliqua منجر به تولید غلظت پایین­تر استات (84/59 درصد) گردید. علی­رغم وجود تفاوت­های قابل توجه بین سه نمونه مطالعه شده، غلاف­های Ceratonia siliqua و Gledistia triacanthos کیفیت تغذیه­ای بهتری نشان دادند. این موضوع حاکی از آن است که این دو را می­توان به عنوان منابع خوراک برای گوسفندها در طی فصول خشکسالی یا به عنوان مکمل جیره­های با کیفیت پایین استفاده نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
373 - استفاده از روش برونتنی تولید گازشکمبهای برای ارزیابی ارزش غذایی پنج نسبت علوفه به کنسانتره
س. اربابی ت. قورچی س. رمضانپوراین پژوهش به منظور بررسی ترکیبات شیمیایی و تخمیر برونتنی پنج جیره با نسبت­های مختلف علوفه (یونجه) به کنسانتره (باقلا)، علوفه(صفر): کنسانتره (100)، علوفه 25): کنسانتره (75)، علوفه (50): کنسانتره (50)، علوفه (75): کنسانتره (25)، علوفه (100): کنسانتره (صفر) براساس ماد Moreاین پژوهش به منظور بررسی ترکیبات شیمیایی و تخمیر برونتنی پنج جیره با نسبت­های مختلف علوفه (یونجه) به کنسانتره (باقلا)، علوفه(صفر): کنسانتره (100)، علوفه 25): کنسانتره (75)، علوفه (50): کنسانتره (50)، علوفه (75): کنسانتره (25)، علوفه (100): کنسانتره (صفر) براساس ماده ­خشک انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که ترکیبات شیمیایی مانند ماده­ آلی، چربی ­خام، پروتئین­ خام، دیواره­ سلولی، دیواره ­سلولی فاقد همی­سلولز، پروتئین نامحلول در شوینده خنثی، پروتئین نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی، فنل کل، تانن و تانن متراکم در پنج جیره متفاوت بودند (05/0>P). پس از اولین انکوباسیون جیره­های آزمایشی به مدت 96 ساعت، نیمه عمر تولید گاز محاسبه و دومین و سومین انکوباسیون در زمان t1/4 و 24 ساعت متوقف گردید. قابلیت هضم حقیقی برون­تنی ماده­ خشک و قابلیت هضم حقیقی ماده­ آلی با افزایش نسبت کنسانتره افزایش یافت (01/0>P). پروتین میکروبی (گرم/کیلوگرم ماده­ خشک) و انرژی قابل متابولیسم (مگاژول/کیلوگرم ماده­ خشک) در جیرههایی که با تجزیه­پذیری بالاتر، بیشتر بود. راندمان تولید پروتئین میکروبی (PF) (میلیگرم/میلیلیتر) در جیره­های آزمایشی مختلف در هر زمان t1/4 و 24 ساعت تفاوت معنی­داری نداشت و تنها جیره حاوی 100 درصد علوفه در زمان t1/4 دارای PF پا­یینتری (17/1 میلی­گرم در میلی­لیتر) بود. تولید گاز از بخش دارای پتانسیل تخمیر(B) و نرخ تولید گاز (c) در جیره­های دارای مواد متراکم بیشتر، به طور معنی­داری بالاتر بود (01/0>P). افزایش نسبت کنسانتره جیره منجر به کاهش pH و نیتروژن آمونیاکی مایع شکمبه شد و غلظت اسیدهای چرب را متأثر ساخت (01/0>P). میزان رهایش گاز متان در جیرههای آزمایشی از 13 تا 16/17 گرم/کیلوگرم ماده خشک متغیر بود و بیشترین مقدار مربوط به جیره حاوی 100 درصد علوفه بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
374 - تعیین ارزش غذایی کمپوست و ساقه قارچ سفید دکمه ای با استفاده از روش های آزمایشگاهی
ب. بزیون ا. تقی زاده پایا پایا ع. حسین خانیتحقیق حاضر جهت تعیین ترکیبات شیمیایی، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و انرژی خالص شیردهی با استفاده از روش تولید گاز و ناپدید شدن شکمبه ‏ای ماده خشک با روش آزمایشگاهی برای کمپوست و ساقه قارچ سفید دکمه‏ ای انجام شد. تحقیق حاضر در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و با سه تیمار ساقه ق Moreتحقیق حاضر جهت تعیین ترکیبات شیمیایی، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و انرژی خالص شیردهی با استفاده از روش تولید گاز و ناپدید شدن شکمبه ‏ای ماده خشک با روش آزمایشگاهی برای کمپوست و ساقه قارچ سفید دکمه‏ ای انجام شد. تحقیق حاضر در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و با سه تیمار ساقه قارچ، کمپوست قارچ و علوفه یونجه انجام شد. داده‏ های به ­دست آمده توسط نرم ­افزار آماری SAS آنالیز گردید. ماده خشک، پروتئین خام، خاکستر خام، عصاره اتری، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی برای ساقه قارچ، کمپوست و یونجه به ‏ترتیب 10.3، 16.8، 8.6، 3.48، 31.5 و 13.4؛ 42.4، 12.8، 42.41، 3.14، 21.5 و 16.2؛ 96.4، 12.2، 9، 2.2، 36.3 و 32.3 بود. بیشترین و کمترین تولید گاز بعد از 120 ساعت انکوباسیون به ترتیب برای ساقه قارچ و کمپوست بود. پتانسیل تولید گاز برای ساقه قارچ، یونجه و کمپوست به ترتیب 223.01، 200.00 و 114.53 میلی‏لیتر گاز به ازای هر گرم ماده خشک بود. نرخ تولید گاز برای ساقه قارچ، کمپوست و یونجه به ترتیب 07/0، 03/0 و 08/0 در ساعت بود. بیشترین میزان انرژی قابل متابولیسم و انرژی خالص شیردهی برای ساقه قارچ به ترتیب با 8.01 و 4.82 مگاژول در کیلوگرم ماده خشک بود. بیشترین و کمترین میزان ناپدیدشدن شکمبه ماده خشک به ‏ترتیب برای ساقه قارچ و کمپوست بود. در کل نتایج بیانگر بالا بودن ارزش غذایی ساقه قارچ نسبت به سایر مواد خوراکی مورد آزمایش بود که می ‏تواند در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان مورد استفاده قرار­گیرد. Manuscript profile -
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375 - Community‐Based Productivity Veterinary Services Increase Smallholder Dairy Farms’ Income and Number of Cows for Breeding at Mymensingh of Bangladesh
A.K. Talukder M. Shamsuddin -
Open Access Article
376 - The Effect of Trace Mineral Source on Nutrients Digestibility and Ruminal Fermentation Parameters
A. Abdian Samarin M.A. Norouzian A. Afzalzadeh -
Open Access Article
377 - مطالعه مقایسهای قابلیت هضم کاه گندم توسط قارچهای بی هوازی شکمبه گاومیش خوزستان و گاو هلشتاین در شرایط آزمایشگاهی
ف. شاکرمی م. چاجی م. اسلامی ط. محمد آبادی م. بوجارپوراین مطالعه به منظور مقایسه قابلیت هضم کاه گندم توسط قارچها و کل میکروارگانیسم‏های شکمبه (WRM) گاو و گاومیش انجام شد. قابلیت هضم ماده خشک (DMD)، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی (DNDF) و اسیدی (ADFD) توسط WRM و قارچهای شکمبه گاو و گاومیش به روش هضم آزمایشگاهی، تولید گا Moreاین مطالعه به منظور مقایسه قابلیت هضم کاه گندم توسط قارچها و کل میکروارگانیسم‏های شکمبه (WRM) گاو و گاومیش انجام شد. قابلیت هضم ماده خشک (DMD)، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی (DNDF) و اسیدی (ADFD) توسط WRM و قارچهای شکمبه گاو و گاومیش به روش هضم آزمایشگاهی، تولید گاز و کشت اختصاصی قارچهای شکمبه (SRAFC) مقایسه شد. DMD، NDFDو ADFD کاه توسط WRM گاومیش (به ترتیب 80/60، 93/49 و 45/17 درصد) بیشتر از گاو (به ترتیب 00/53، 63/38 و 62/10 درصد) بود (05/0P<). صرف نظر از نوع میکروارگانیسمها DMD (05/0P>)، NDF و ADF توسط گاومیش (03/51، 41/44 و 09/12 درصد) بیشتر از گاو (40/48، 34/36 و 76/8) بود (05/0P<). پتانسیل تولید گاز (B) کاه توسط قارچها و WRM گاو بیشتر از گاومیش بود (05/0P<). نرخ تولید گاز (C) توسط WRM و قارچهای شکمبه گاومیش بیشتر از گاو بود (05/0P<). صرف نظر از نوع میکروارگانیسم، C کاه در گاومیش بیشتر از گاو بود (05/0P<)، و بلعکس برای B بود (05/0P<). صرف نظر از نوع دام، قابلیت هضم و B برای WRM بیشتر از قارچها بود (05/0P<)، اما برای نرخ تولید گاز بین آنها تفاوتی وجود نداشت. در روش SRAFC، DMD کاه در گاومیش در روزهای 3 و 12 بیشتر از گاو بود (05/0P<). تعداد قارچها در شکمبه گاو بیشتر از گاومیش بود (05/0P<). در کل، میتوان بیان نمود که توان قارچها و WRM گاومیش بیشتر یا برابر با گاو بود. بنابراین، نتایج برتری گاومیش نسبت به گاو هلشتاین در استفاده از مواد فیبری کم کیفیت را نشان داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
378 - بررسی جایگزینی یونجه با علوفه شنبلیله در جیرههای غنی از کنسانتره در آزمایشگاه
ف. فریور ن.م. تربتی نژاد ی. جعفری آهنگری س. حسنی آ.م. قره باش م. مهاجراین تحقیق به منظور بررسی امکان جایگزینی علوفه یونجه با علوفه شنبلیله برای نشخوارکنندگان، با استفاده از فراسنجههای تولید گاز و برخی خصوصیات تخمیر شکمبهای در آزمایشگاه انجام گرفت. به این منظور، 5 جیره کاملاً مخلوط متفاوت برای تأمین احتیاجات برههای در حال رشد 35 کیلوگرم Moreاین تحقیق به منظور بررسی امکان جایگزینی علوفه یونجه با علوفه شنبلیله برای نشخوارکنندگان، با استفاده از فراسنجههای تولید گاز و برخی خصوصیات تخمیر شکمبهای در آزمایشگاه انجام گرفت. به این منظور، 5 جیره کاملاً مخلوط متفاوت برای تأمین احتیاجات برههای در حال رشد 35 کیلوگرمی با جایگزینی تدریجی یونجه در جیره تیمار شاهد (تیمار1) با نسبتهای مختلف علوفه شنبلیله (25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد، به ترتیب تیمارها ی 2، 3، 4 و 5) فرموله گردید. تولید گاز (میلیلیتر به ازای 200 میلیگرم ماده خشک) در ساعات 2، 4، 6، 8، 12، 24، 48، 72 و 96 انکوباسیون اندازهگیری شد. غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی (میلیگرم بر دسیلیتر) و pH مایع شکمبه بلافاصله پس از پایان انکوباسیون اندازهگیری شد. تولید گاز با افزایش سطوح علوفه شنبلیله افزایش یافت (05/0P<). با افزایش سطوح علوفه شنبلیله، افزایش معنیداری در تولید گاز از بخش نامحلول (b) مشاهده گردید (05/0P<). روند مشابهی در مورد پتانسیل تولید گاز (a+b، 05/0P<) مشاهده شد. همچنین ثابت نرخ تولید گاز (c) تیمارهای 2، 3 و 4 به طور معنیداری بالاتر از تیمار شاهد بود، ولی تفاوت بین تیمارهای 3 و 4 و 5 معنیدار نبود. جایگزینی علوفه شنبلیله در سطوح 25 و 75 درصد به طور معنیداری pH نهایی را در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد افزایش داد (05/0P<)، اما تفاوت بین تمیارهای 3 و 5 با تیمار شاهد معنیدار نبود. تولید اسیدهای چرب فرار (میلیمول به ازای 200 میلیگرم ماده خشک) در تیمارهای با سطوح 50 درصد یا بالاتر جایگزینی علوفه شنبلیله (تیمارهای 3 و 4 و 5) بطور معنیداری بالاتر از سایر تیمارها بود (05/0P<). قابلیت هضم ماده آلی تیمارهای با سطح جایگزینی 50 درصد یا بیشتر علوفه شنبلیله نیز بطور معنیداری بالاتر از سایر تیمارها بود (05/0P<). به طور مشابه، انرژی متابولیسمی تخمینی این تیمارها نیز بطور معنیداری بالاتر از تیمار شاهد بود (05/0P<). بر اساس این نتایج، میتوان استنباط کرد که شنبلیله قابلیت تولید علوفهای با ارزش برای نشخوارکنندگان را با ارزش غذایی قابل مقایسه با یونجه دارا است و میتوان در جیره یونجه را بدون هیچ مشکلی با علوفه شنبلیله جایگزین کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
379 - عملکرد تولیدی و توانایی جوجه درآوری اردکهای Alabio (آناس پلاتیرینکس بورنئو) تحت مدیریت تغذیهای روستایی: مقایسه سطوح متفاوت پروتئین جیرهای و نسبتهای جنسیت
ب. ایندارسیه د. کیسورو آی.ن. سوکارتا جایاآزمایشی برای دستیابی به احتیاج غذایی بهینه و نسبتهای آمیزشی ایدهآل برای اردکهای Alabio برای تولید تخمهای بارور و جوجه درآوری تحت مدیریت تغذیهای روستایی انجام شد. مجموعهای از 135 ماده و 27 نر 40 هفتهای در این پژوهش استفاده شد. آنها با سطوح پروتئین خام پایین (5/ Moreآزمایشی برای دستیابی به احتیاج غذایی بهینه و نسبتهای آمیزشی ایدهآل برای اردکهای Alabio برای تولید تخمهای بارور و جوجه درآوری تحت مدیریت تغذیهای روستایی انجام شد. مجموعهای از 135 ماده و 27 نر 40 هفتهای در این پژوهش استفاده شد. آنها با سطوح پروتئین خام پایین (5/17 درصد)، متوسط (5/19 درصد) و زیاد (5/21 درصد) در جیرههای حاوی تقریباً 3050 کیلوکالری انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME/kg) تغذیه شده و برای 18 هفته در 3 نسبت آمیزشی، هر کدام 3 بار تکرار شده نگهداری شدند. نسبتهای آمیزشهای طبیعی 1:4، 1:5 و 1:6 بودند. مجموعهای از 450 تخم با توانایی هچ شدن به ازای تیمار جمعآوری و برای 4 تا 6 روز ذخیره، سپس برای عملکرد هچ شدن انکوبه شدند. تولید تخم (EP)، ضریب تبدیل خوراک (FCR) و وزن تخم (EW) تعیین شدند و مشخص شد که رژیمهای تغذیهای 3 پارامتر را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد. تغذیه 5/19 درصد پروتئین خام جیرهای مقادیر بالاتری از تولید تخم (EP)، ضریب تبدیل خوراک (FCR) وزن تخم (EW) و تولید مجموع تخم (EM) در طول 40 تا 58 هفتگی نشان داد. مقادیر خوراک مصرفی (FI)، EP، FCR و EM توسط نسبتهای جنسیت تحت تأثیر قرار گرفتند. نسبت 1:4 بهترین نسبت آمیزشی برای اردکهای بومی با عملکرد تولیدی بالاتر بود. جیره 5/19 درصد پروتئین خام برای عملکرد هچ شدن در نسبت جنسیت 1:5 کافی بود Manuscript profile -
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380 - Major Udder Morphology Traits and Their Relationship with Milk Production in Tunisian Local Goats
A. Ahlem M.J. Carabaño L. Aicha A. Mouldi B.S. Farah N. Sghaier -
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381 - The Effect of Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum) and Marigold Flower (Tageteserectus) Powder on Egg Production, Egg Yolk Color and Some Blood Metabolites of Laying Hens
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382 - اثرات آنزیمهای بیرونی تجزیهکننده الیاف روی تخمیر شکمبهای علوفه ذرت جارویی وحشی در محیط آزمایشگاه
اس. سوجانی آ.ن. پاتهیرانا ر.ت. سرسینهه ک.ب. داسانایاکااین مطالعه برای ارزیابی توانایی آنزیم­های تجاری سلولاز، زایلاناز و مخلوط آنها برای بهبود تخمیر شکمبه­ای علوفه ذرت جاروییاکوتیپ A انجام شد. آزمایش بر اساس طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی انجام شد. انکوباسیون داخل آزمایشگاهی با چهار دوز 50، 100، 150 و 200 میکرولیتر ا Moreاین مطالعه برای ارزیابی توانایی آنزیم­های تجاری سلولاز، زایلاناز و مخلوط آنها برای بهبود تخمیر شکمبه­ای علوفه ذرت جاروییاکوتیپ A انجام شد. آزمایش بر اساس طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی انجام شد. انکوباسیون داخل آزمایشگاهی با چهار دوز 50، 100، 150 و 200 میکرولیتر از آنزیم­های فردی سلولاز و زایلاناز و مخلوط آنها (با نسبت 1 به 1) با 500 میلی­گرم سوبسترا انجام شد. تولید گازهای شکمبه­ای در فواصل چهار ساعت تعیین شدند. در پایان 24 ساعت انکوباسییون، ناپدید شدن ماده خشک، ازت آمونیاکی، جمعیت پروتوزوایی و اسیدهای چرب فرار تخمین زده شدند. مکمل کردن با سلولاز، زایلاناز و مخلوطی از آنها به­ طور معنی­داری تولید گاز و ناپدید شدن ماده خشک را افزایش داد. تولید ازت آمونیاکی به طور معنی­داری با زایلاناز و مخلوط آنها افزایش یافت. اگرچه مجموع اسیدهای چرب فرار تغییر معنی­داری نشان نداد، تولید استات به­ طور معنی­داری توسط مخلوط آنزیم سلولاز و زایلاناز کاهش یافت در حالیکه همین تیمار تولید بوتیرات را افزایش داد. تیمار سلولاز و زایلاناز منجر به کاهش معنی­دار در نسبت استات به پروپیونات شد. کاهش غیر معنی­داری در جمعیت پروتوزوایی شکمبه در پاسخ به تیمار آنزیمی مشاهده شد. در نتیجه، مکمل آنزیم­های بیرونی تجزیه­کننده الیاف در محیط آزمایشگاه توانست تخمیر شکمبه­ای علوفه ذرت جارویی اکوتیپA را بهبود دهد. Manuscript profile -
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383 - Indigenous Sheep Production in Ethiopia: A Review
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384 - Electrolytes Supplementation through Drinking Water to Revive Broiler Production during Tropical Summer Stresses Management
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385 - The Effect of a Silage Inoculant on Silage Quality, Aerobic Stability and Milk Production
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386 - توسعه روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی تغییر یافته به جای روش کیسههای نایلونی برای ارزیابی تجزیهپذیری پروتئین یونجه خشک در نشخوارکنندگان
ا. آقاجانزاده گلشنی ن. ماهری سیس ر. سلامت دوست نوبر ی. ابراهیم نژاد ا. قربانیاین مطالعه به منظور بررسی امکان استفاده از روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی تغییر یافته به جای روش کیسههای نایلونی برای برآورد تجزیهپذیری پروتئین یونجه خشک در نشخوارکنندگان به اجرا در آمد. در آزمایش کیسههای نایلونی مقدار سه گرم از نمونه یونجه داخل کیسههای داکرونی ریخته شد Moreاین مطالعه به منظور بررسی امکان استفاده از روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی تغییر یافته به جای روش کیسههای نایلونی برای برآورد تجزیهپذیری پروتئین یونجه خشک در نشخوارکنندگان به اجرا در آمد. در آزمایش کیسههای نایلونی مقدار سه گرم از نمونه یونجه داخل کیسههای داکرونی ریخته شد. کیسهها به مدت صفر، 2، 4، 8، 12، 16، 24، 36 و 48 ساعت در شکمبه سه رأس گوسفند نر قزل کانولهدار انکوبه شدند. در پایان آزمایش تجزیهپذیری ماده خشک، ماده آلی و پروتئین محاسبه شدند. در آزمایش تولید گاز، شیرابه شکمبه بافری شده به نسبت 19 قسمت بزاق مصنوعی و یک قسمت شیرابه شکمبه تهیه و با کربوهیدرات سریع قابل تخمیر به مدت 4 ساعت پیش انکوبه شد. بعد از پیش انکوباسیون مقدار 30 میلیلیتر از این محلول داخل سرنگ 100 میلیلیتری که درون آن مقداری نمونه یونجه که دارای 5/7 میلیگرم نیتروژن بود، ریخته شد. نمونهها در زمانهای 2، 4، 6، 8، 12، 16، 24، 36، 48، 60 و 72 ساعت انکوبه شدند و بعد از آن گاز خالص تولیدی محاسبه شد. در سومین آزمایش 25 گرم از نمونه مدفوع با 50 میلیلیتر بزاق مصنوعی مخلوط شده و با اضافه کردن بزاق مصنوعی، حجم آن به یک لیتر رسانده شده و صاف گردید. سپس این سوسپانسیون به مدت 4 ساعت پیش انکوبه شد. پس از پیش انکوباسیون مراحل تولید گاز همانند روش معمول انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اختلاف معنی داری بین تولید گاز با شیرابه شکمبه و مدفوع در زمانهای 2، 4، 24، 36 و 48 ساعت انکوباسیون وجود داشت در حالیکه در بقیه ساعتهای انکوباسیون اختلاف معنی داری وجود نداشت. رابطه نزدیکی بین تجزیه­پذیری پروتئین خام در ساعتهای مختلف انکوباسیون و مقدار گاز تولیدی با استفاده از شیرابه شکمبه (18= n و 76/0= r2وگاز 32/0+93/58=تجزیهپذیری پروتئین خام) و سوسپانسیون مدفوع (18= n و 60/0= r2وگاز 27/0+38/58=تجزیهپذیری پروتئین خام) وجود داشت. نتایج نشان داد که سوسپانسیون مدفوع میتواند به جای شیرابه شکمبه در روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی استفاده شود. توسعه این روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی میتواند باعث کاهش نیاز به دامهای فیستولهگذاری شده در آزمایشهای ارزیابی مواد خوراکی شود. Manuscript profile -
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387 - خصوصیات سیستم های پرورش گوسفند شهری و حومه و میزان مشارکت اقتصادی آنها در مناطق کوهستانی اتیوپی
و. تسگا ب. تمیر ج. آبب ک. زارالیساین مطالعه به منظور توصیف سیستم­های پرورش گوسفند شهری و حومه و اهمیت اقتصادی آنها در شهرهایDebre Berhan و Dessie و حومه آنها در اتیوپی آغاز شد. این مطالعه بر پایه مذاکرات گروهی، طراحی پرسشنامه و مشاهدات شخصی انجام گرفت. در هر دو منطقه اکثریت پرورش­دهندگان گوسف Moreاین مطالعه به منظور توصیف سیستم­های پرورش گوسفند شهری و حومه و اهمیت اقتصادی آنها در شهرهایDebre Berhan و Dessie و حومه آنها در اتیوپی آغاز شد. این مطالعه بر پایه مذاکرات گروهی، طراحی پرسشنامه و مشاهدات شخصی انجام گرفت. در هر دو منطقه اکثریت پرورش­دهندگان گوسفند، مردان سرپرستان خانوار هستند که غالباً این افراد در نواحی شهری، تجار و در حومه شهرها، کشاورز می­باشند. متوسط اندازه خانواده در نواحی حومه Debre Berhan (4/5) بیشتر از حومه Dessie (8/4) بود. در نواحی حومه Debre Berhan، 3/39 درصد دارای اندازه زمین تملیکی بین 1 تا 2 هکتار بودند و در نواحی حومه Dessie 4/48 درصد از پاسخ­ دهندگان دارای اندازه زمین تملیکی کمتر از 5/0 هکتار بودند. تعداد جمعیت گوسفند و سایر حیوانات مزرعه­ای در نواحی حومه Debre Berhan بیشتر از حومه Dessie بود. به استثنای دانه­های خشک شده صنایع تخمیری تمامی انواع دیگر خوراک مورد استفاده برای پرورش گوسفند مشابه بودند ولی قابلیت دسترسی در میان نواحی مورد مطالعه متفاوت بود. در هر دو منطقه شهری و حومه شهرها عمدهی انواع خوراک در دسترس شامل مراتع طبیعی جهت چرا، علوفه خشک، بقایای گیاهان زراعی، سبوس گندم و کیک دانه­های روغنی، فرآورده­های جانبی حاصل از صنایع تخمیری محلی و فرآوری دانه­های بقولات بودند. پرورش گوسفند اولین منبع درآمد در منطقه Dessie و دومین منبع درآمد در منطقه Debre Berhan می­باشد. پرورش گوسفند در مناطق شهری و حومه شهرها به دلیل محسوب شدن به عنوان منبع درآمد و غذا برای افراد خانه­دار دارای مزایای اقتصادی است. هزینه بالای خوراک، عدم وجود نژادهای اصلاح شده و سرمایه و کمبود نیروی کار به عنوان محدودیت­های عمده به حساب می­آیند. شرایط مساعد آب و هوایی، قیمت مناسب بازار و قابلیت دسترسی به خوراک­های مکمل در مناطق شهری به عنوان عوامل سودمند در زمینه پرورش گوسفند محسوب می­شوند. اگرچه محدودیت­هایی برای پرورش گوسفند وجود دارند، ولی باید از فرصت­های موجود در زمینه پرورش گوسفند استفاده شود. انجام بسته­بندی مناسب و علمی مواد خوراکی از منابع خوراک محلی و در دسترس ضروری به نظر می­رسد. Manuscript profile -
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388 - بخش بندی پروتئین خام و تولید گاز در سیلاژهای یونجه عملآوری شده با عصاره محصولات فرعی پسته در شرایط آزمایشگاه
ا. مختارپور ع.ع. ناصریان ر. ولیزاده م. دانش مسگران ف. پورملاییبه منظور بررسی بخش­های مختلف پروتئین خام و تولید گاز در شرایط آزمایشگاه در سیلاژهای یونجه عملآوری شده با سطوح مختلف عصاره محصولات فرعی پسته و ارزیابی ارزش زیستی تانن­های آن، دو آزمایش انجام شد. محصولات فرعی پسته با نسبت 1:5 (وزن به حجم) به مدت 12 ساعت در آب خیس Moreبه منظور بررسی بخش­های مختلف پروتئین خام و تولید گاز در شرایط آزمایشگاه در سیلاژهای یونجه عملآوری شده با سطوح مختلف عصاره محصولات فرعی پسته و ارزیابی ارزش زیستی تانن­های آن، دو آزمایش انجام شد. محصولات فرعی پسته با نسبت 1:5 (وزن به حجم) به مدت 12 ساعت در آب خیسانده شدند. پس از صاف کردن و تغلیظ، عصاره خام به علوفه تازه یونجه اضافه شد تا به ترتیب سطوح 1، 2 و 3 درصد ماده خشک یونجه، تانن به دست آید و سپس به مدت 60 روز سیلو شدند. چهار تیمار به این ترتیب بود؛ سیلاژ یونجه بدون عملآوری با عصاره محصولات فرعی پسته، به عنوان شاهد (T0)، اضافه کردن تانن محصولات فرعی پسته در سطح 1 درصد (T1)، 2 درصد (T2) و 3 درصد ماد خشک (T3). عملآوری سیلاژ یونجه، میزان ترکیبات نیتروژنه غیر پروتئینی را کاهش و بخش B2 را در طی سیلو شدن، افزایش داد. تولید گاز تجمعی پس از 96 ساعت انکوباسیون، قابلیت هضم ماده آلی (OMD) و انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME) در تیمار T2 و T3 در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد کاهش پیدا کرد. میزان تولید گاز و اسیدهای چرب کوتاه زنجیر (SCFA) در سیلاژهای عملآوری شده در حضور پلی اتیلن گلیکول (PEG) افزایش یافت که نشان می­دهد وجود ترکیبات فنولی و تانن­ها باعث کاهش تولید گاز شد. می­توان نتیجه گرفت که عملآوری سیلاژ یونجه با عصاره محصولات فرعی پسته از طریق ممانعت میکروبی، می­تواند منجر به کاهش هدرروی نیتروژن در طی سیلو شدن و کاهش تجزیه پذیری ماده آلی شود. Manuscript profile -
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389 - روشی جدید برای فعال کردن خارج از فصل سیستم تولیدمثلی در میشهای قزل
ب. قاسمی-پناهی س.ع. رافت م. ابراهیمی م.ح. اکبرزاده ر. حاجیعلیزاده ولیلوگوسفند قزل یکی از نژادهای اصلی در شمال غرب ایران است که به منظور تولید گوشت، شیر و پشم پرورش داده میشود. بهبود تولیدمثل این نژاد تأثیر معنیداری بر روی رشد اقتصادی کشاورزان منطقه خواهد گذاشت. بنابراین در پژوهش حاضر تأثیر استفاده همزمان از همزمانسازی فحلی (سیدر و eCG) Moreگوسفند قزل یکی از نژادهای اصلی در شمال غرب ایران است که به منظور تولید گوشت، شیر و پشم پرورش داده میشود. بهبود تولیدمثل این نژاد تأثیر معنیداری بر روی رشد اقتصادی کشاورزان منطقه خواهد گذاشت. بنابراین در پژوهش حاضر تأثیر استفاده همزمان از همزمانسازی فحلی (سیدر و eCG) و جیره فلاشینگ بر تولیدمثل خارج از فصل در میش­های قزل تعیین شد. تعداد 114 رأس میش قزل 3 ساله به طور مساوی به سه گروه آزمایشی تقسیم شدند. گروه 1 به وسیله سیدر و eCG همزمانسازی شدند و 40 روز جیره فلاشینگ دریافت کردند. گروه 2 برای 40 روز جیره فلاشینگ دریافت کردند و گروه 3 (شاهد) هیچ تیماری را دریافت نکردند. قوچها نیز به صورت همزمان با میشها جیره فلاشینگ دریافت کردند. سیدرگذاری به مدت 12 روز انجام شد، به دنبال برداشتن سیدرها هر یک از میشهای گروه 1 مقدار 400 واحد eCG به صورت تزریق درون ماهیچهای دریافت کردند. سپس، قوچها وارد گله میشها شدند. پنجاه روز بعد از قوچ اندازی از اولتراسوند برای تعیین آبستنی استفاده شد. نسبت برهزایی در گروه 1 مقدار 32/276 درصد و نسبت آبستنی 100 درصد بود. این نتیجه به طور معنیداری متفاوت با گروه 2 و 3 بود. اگر چه بهبود اندکی در درصد آبستنی در گروه 2 نسبت به گروه کنترل مشاهده شد، نتایج کلی پیشنهاد میکنند که فلاشینگ به تنهایی در فعالکردن سیستم تولیدمثلی در خارج از فصل تولیدمثلی مؤثر نیست. این پژوهش نشان داد که همزمانسازی با استفاده از سیدر و eCG به همراه جیره فلاشینگ یک روش مناسب برای بهبود تولید بره در خارج از فصل تولیدمثلی در میشهای قزل است. Manuscript profile -
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390 - The Effects of Complex Enzymes on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Hatchability and Intestinal Morphometry in Khaki Campbell Duck
T.K. Das M.C. Pakhira B.C. Debnath B. Debroy -
Open Access Article
391 - اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف گیاه دارویی خرفه بر عملکرد، صفات کیفی
ع. نوبختاین آزمایش به منظور ارزیابی اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف گیاه دارویی خرفه بر عملکرد، صفات تخم مرغ و فراسنجههای بیوشیمیایی و ایمنی خون مرغهای تخمگذار انجام گرفت. تعداد 180 قطعه مرغ بالغ تخمگذار سویههای لاین W36- از سن 65 تا 76 هفتگی در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 5 تیما Moreاین آزمایش به منظور ارزیابی اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف گیاه دارویی خرفه بر عملکرد، صفات تخم مرغ و فراسنجههای بیوشیمیایی و ایمنی خون مرغهای تخمگذار انجام گرفت. تعداد 180 قطعه مرغ بالغ تخمگذار سویههای لاین W36- از سن 65 تا 76 هفتگی در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 5 تیمار و 3 تکرار (12 قطعه مرغ در هر تکرار) مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل شاهد (بدون استفاده از گیاه خرفه) و گروههای آزمایشی 2، 3، 4 و 5 که تقریباً حاوی 5/0، 1، 5/1 و 2 درصد گیاه دارویی خرفه بودند. استفاده از سطوح مختلف گیاه دارویی خرفه به صورت معنیداری عملکرد، صفات کیفی تخم مرغ و فراسنجههای بیوشیمیایی و ایمنی خون مرغها را تحت تأثیر قرار داد (05/0>P). بیشترین مقادیر مربوط به وزن تخم مرغ، درصد تولید تخممرغ، تولید تودهای، خوراک مصرفی، بهترین ضریب تبدیل خوراک، بالاترین شاخص رنگ زرده، بیشترین درصد سفیده و بالاترین مقدار لیپوپروتئینهای با چگالی بالا (HDL) خون با استفاده از 2 درصد گیاه خرفه بدست آمدند. بالاترین درصد هموگلوبین خون با استفاده از 1 درصد گیاه خرفه مشاهده شد. نتیجه نهایی نشان داد که استفاده از گیاه خرفه تا 2 درصد جیره مرغهای تخمگذار اثرات مثبتی بر عملکرد و صفات کیفی تخم مرغ دارد. Manuscript profile -
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392 - اثرات کیتوسان و سویای خام کامل روی رفتار تغذیهای و اتلاف حرارتی تلیسههای جرزی
اچ.م.سی. هراکی ج.ر. گاندرا ای.ر. اُلیویرا سی.اس. تاکیا ر.اچ.ت.ب. گواِس آ.م.آ. گابریل جی.سی.جی. رُدرگیوس ای.ر.اس. گاندرا ت.ل. پریرا جِی. دامیانی جِی.د.اُ. باتیستااین مطالعه با هدف تعیین اثرات کیتوسان، سویای کامل خام یا اثر متقابل آنها روی رفتار تغذیه­ای و اتلاف حرارتی از طریق آزمایش ترموگرافی تلیسه­های جرزی تغذیه شده با جیره­های حاوی کنسانتره بالا می­باشد. 12 تلیسه جرزی (سن 5/0±6 ماه و وزن زنده 56/25&plusm Moreاین مطالعه با هدف تعیین اثرات کیتوسان، سویای کامل خام یا اثر متقابل آنها روی رفتار تغذیه­ای و اتلاف حرارتی از طریق آزمایش ترموگرافی تلیسه­های جرزی تغذیه شده با جیره­های حاوی کنسانتره بالا می­باشد. 12 تلیسه جرزی (سن 5/0±6 ماه و وزن زنده 56/25±50/139 کیلوگرم) به صورت تصادفی به طرح مربع لاتین تکرار شده با آرایش تیمار فاکتوریل 2 × 2 تخصیص داده شدند. دوره آزمایشی شامل 14 روز آداپتاسیون تا دریافت جیره، 6 روز نمونه­گیری و 5 روز شستشو بوده است. جیره­ها عبارت بودند از: شاهد (CO)، کیتوسان (CHI، شامل 20 گرم در هر کیلوگرم ماده خشک کیتوسان)، سویای کامل خام (WS، 0/163 گرم در هر کیلوگرم WS روی ماده خشک جیره) و کیتوسان + سویای کامل خام (CHI+WS). کیتوسان سبب کاهش مصرف DM و الیاف محلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF) (به ترتیب 79/0 و 31/0 گرم در هر روز)، افزایش زمان خوردن (88/31 دقیقه) و کاهش محتوای NDF در گلوله­های برگشت کرده به دهان برای نشخوار (57 گرم) می­شود. سویای کامل خام، به غیر از نیاز به زمان بیشتر برای استراحت سرپایی، بر رفتار تغذیه­ای تأثیری ندارد. ارتباط CHI و WS سبب افزایش زمانی که حیوان برای نشخوار سرپا می­ایستد، گردید. جیره­ها تأثیری بر دمای سطح بدن تلیسه­ها نداشتند. با این حال، جیره WS اتلاف حرارتی را با تابش و انتقال حرارت افزایش می­دادند. بالاترین مقدار اتلاف حرارتی 2 ساعت بعد از خوراکدهی مشاهده شد. اثر متقابل CHI و WS رفتار تغذیه­ای و اتلاف حرارتی را تغییر نداد. خوراندن WS به تلیسه­ها سبب افزایش اتلاف حرارتی کُل گردید. Manuscript profile -
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393 - Constraints Analysis of Poultry Production at Dzongu Area of North Sikkim in India
B.G. Nath P.K. Pathak A.K. Mohanty -
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394 - (کو)واریانس ژنتیکی بین سن از اولین تا سومین گوسالهزایی و مقدار شیر گاوهای هلشتاین در مناطق گرمسیری
جی.ال. اسپینوزا-ویلاویسنسیو آ. پلاسیوس-اسپینوسا آ. منندز-بوکسادرامجموعهای از 245187 رکورد از سه دوره شیردهی اول 131126 گاو هلشتاین در شرایط گرمسیری برای برآورد مولفههای (کو)واریانس ژنتیکی بین سن در زمان گوسالهزایی و تولید شیر مربوطه آنها استفاده شد. یک آنالیز چند متغییره از 6 صفت انجام شد. وراثتپذیری برای سن در زمان گوسالهزایی ( Moreمجموعهای از 245187 رکورد از سه دوره شیردهی اول 131126 گاو هلشتاین در شرایط گرمسیری برای برآورد مولفههای (کو)واریانس ژنتیکی بین سن در زمان گوسالهزایی و تولید شیر مربوطه آنها استفاده شد. یک آنالیز چند متغییره از 6 صفت انجام شد. وراثتپذیری برای سن در زمان گوسالهزایی (h2AC) و مقدار شیر (h2MY) از اولین دوره شیردهی (h2AC1=0.254±0.007; h2MY1=0.198±0.003) به دومین دوره شیردهی (h2AC2=0.242±0.006; h2MY2=0.184±0.003) و سومین دوره شیردهی (h2AC3=0.232±0.006; h2MY3=0.168±0.008) کاهش داشت. همبستگیهای ژنتیکی (rg) بین AC1; AC2 و AC3 و بین MY1; MY2 و MY3 بالا و مثبت بودند؛ اگرچه، rg بین سن در زمان گوسالهزایی و تولید شیر متوسط اما منفی بودند. دو مقدار ویژه اول برای 83 درصد از واریانس ژنتیکی کل 6 صفت محاسبه شد. بردارهای ویژه متناظر به عنوان فاکتورهای وزنی استفاده شدند، و دو ارزش اصلاحی (EBV) بر اساس این مؤلفهها برآورد شدند، اجازه میدهند آن پدرانی که سن در زمان گوسالهزایی را کاهش ومقدار شیر را در دخترانشان افزایش میدهند شناسایی شوند. یک رویکرد جدید برای برآورد یک معادل فاصله گوسالهزایی (CIeq) براساس تفاوتهای بین EBV پدر برای دو گوسالهزایی پیاپی توسعه داده شد. Manuscript profile -
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395 - عملکرد تولیدی مرغهای تخمگذار تغذیه شده با سطوح مختلف دانههای خشک تقطیر شده با حلال با یا بدون افزودنیهای خوراک
ک.م. ماهروس م. عبدل-هاک آ. آتیا م. ال-هینداویهدف از این کار بررسی افزودن دانه­های خشک تقطیر شده با حلال (DDGS) به عنوان جایگزینی برای کنجاله سویا در جیره مرغ­های تخمگذار قهوه­ای هایسکس با یا بدون آنزیم و یا افزودن ویتامینE بر عملکرد تولید بود. تعداد 180 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار قهوه­ای هایسکس در سن 2 Moreهدف از این کار بررسی افزودن دانه­های خشک تقطیر شده با حلال (DDGS) به عنوان جایگزینی برای کنجاله سویا در جیره مرغ­های تخمگذار قهوه­ای هایسکس با یا بدون آنزیم و یا افزودن ویتامینE بر عملکرد تولید بود. تعداد 180 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار قهوه­ای هایسکس در سن 26 هفتگی به طور تصادفی به 15 گروه تیماری در یک آزمایش 3 × 5 فاکتوریل تقسیم شدند، شامل پنج سطح جایگزینی DDGS با کنجاله سویا (0، 25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد) و سه سطح افزودنی خوراکی (بدون، آنزیم 250 میلی­گرم­/­کیلوگرم جیره غذایی و یا 200 میلی­گرم ویتامین E­/­کیلوگرم جیره غذایی) از سن 38-26 هفتگی بود. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش سطح جایگزینی DDGS بیش از 50 درصد، میانگین مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل خوراک، تعداد و وزن توده تخم مرغ را کاهش داد (01/0>P). همه این صفات نتایج رضایت بخشی را در مرغ­های تغذیه شده با 25 یا 50 درصد DDGS جایگزینی با کنجاله سویا داشت. افزودن آنزیم یا ویتامین E به طور معنی­داری (01/0>P) مصرف خوراک و وزن توده تخم را کاهش داد. می­توان نتیجه گرفت که DDGS با موفقیت جایگزین کنجاله سویا در جیره مرغ تخمگذار تا 50 درصد بدون اثرات منفی بر روی عملکرد مرغ­های تخمگذار شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
396 - مقایسه مدلهای چندبخشی لجستیک و میکائیلیس-منتن برای بررسی تولید گاز در شرایط برونتنی از برخی خوراکهای نشاستهای
ا. پرند ع.ر. وکیلی م. دانش مسگراندر این پژوهش از دو مدل چندبخشی (لجستیک (LOG) و میکائیلیس–منتن (MM)) دارای سه زیر بخش به منظور بررسی کینتیک تولید گاز در خوراکهای دانه ذرت، دانه جو، دانه گندم و دانه تریتیکاله استفاده شد. در هر مدل زیربخش اول بیان کننده تولید گاز ناشی از تخمیر بخش محلول خوراکها Moreدر این پژوهش از دو مدل چندبخشی (لجستیک (LOG) و میکائیلیس–منتن (MM)) دارای سه زیر بخش به منظور بررسی کینتیک تولید گاز در خوراکهای دانه ذرت، دانه جو، دانه گندم و دانه تریتیکاله استفاده شد. در هر مدل زیربخش اول بیان کننده تولید گاز ناشی از تخمیر بخش محلول خوراکها، زیربخش دوم توضیح دهنده گاز حاصل از تخمیر بخش نامحلول خوراکها و زیربخش سوم نشان دهنده تولید گاز حاصل از ترن آور میکروبی است. با استفاده از مدل MM میزان تولید گاز از بخش محلول به ترتیب از بیشترین به کمترین برای دانههای تریتیکاله، گندم، ذرت و جو به دست آمد. با استفاده از مدل LOG در گاز حاصل از تخمیر بخش محلول تفاوتی بین دانههای جو و ذرت (05/0P>) و دانههای تریتیکاله و گندم (05/0P>) وجود نداشت اما تولید گاز حاصل از این بخش برای دانههای تریتیکاله و گندم بالاتر از دانههای جو و ذرت بود (05/0P<). برای تولید گاز ناشی از تخمیر بخش نامحلول دانه ذرت با استفاده از مدل MM بیشترین بود و تولید گاز ناشی از تخمیر بخش نامحلول برای دانههای ذرت و جو با استفاده از مدل LOG بیشتر از دانههای تریتیکاله و گندم بود (05/0P<). با استفاده از مدل MM، تولید گاز ناشی از ترن آور میکروبی برای دانه جو بیشترین بود در حالیکه تولید گاز در زیربخش سوم برای دانههای تریتیکاله و گندم با استفاده از مدل LOG بیشترین بود. در پژوهش حاضر نیکویی برازش برای مدل LOG کمی بهتر از مدل MM بود اما با در نظر گرفتن شرایط مطالعه حاضر این مطلب نمیتواند به طور قطع بیانگر توانایی بهتر مدل LOG در توضیح کینتیک تولید گاز از منابع نشاستهای در مقایسه با مدل MM باشد. Manuscript profile -
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397 - Comparing Estimations of Return to Scale in Mechanized and Semi-Mechanized Broiler Chick Farms Located in Gorgan City
N. Alazmani A.R. Yazdani A. Darijani -
Open Access Article
398 - ارزش غذایی، ساختارهای مولکولی FTIR، غلضت سموم قارچی و عناصر سنگین انگور رقم بیدانه سفید در سه مرحله قوره، رسیده و کشمش در نشخوارکنندگان
م. یاری م. منافی م. هدایتی ر. کریمی ر. ولیزاده آ. جنکرانگور و محصولات بدست آمده از آن به خاطر مصرف در تغذیه انسان، اهمیت فراوانی در دنیا دارند. با این وجود، این محصولات ممکن است گاهی اوقات به دلیل قیمت و کیفیت پایین در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان استفاده شود. اهداف این پژوهش تعیین ارزش غذایی انگور رقم بیدانه سفید در سه مرحله غوره Moreانگور و محصولات بدست آمده از آن به خاطر مصرف در تغذیه انسان، اهمیت فراوانی در دنیا دارند. با این وجود، این محصولات ممکن است گاهی اوقات به دلیل قیمت و کیفیت پایین در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان استفاده شود. اهداف این پژوهش تعیین ارزش غذایی انگور رقم بیدانه سفید در سه مرحله غوره (خوشه کامل)، رسیده (خوشه کامل)، و کشمش برای نشخوارکنندگان به صورت اندازهگیری ترکیب شیمیایی و ویژگیهای تخمیرپذیری به روش تولید گاز در محیط آزمایشگاهی، بررسی ساختار مولکولی با استفاده از روش FTIR (اسپکتروسکوپی مادون قرمز با تبدیل فوریه) و آلودگیهای عناصر سنگین و سموم قارچی بود. در مقایسه با انگور رسیده و کشمش، غوره نسب نیتروژن به کربوهیدارت، فنول و تانن کل بیشتری داشت (05/0>P) و بیشترین ناحیه پیک مربوط به ترکیبات فنولی و کربوهیدارتهای ساختاری در بررسی FTIR مربوط به میوه غوره بود (05/0>P). کشمش تولید گاز تجمعی بیشتری در 24 ساعت از انکوباسیون داشت (05/0>P). مقادیر آفلاتوکسین B1، B2، G1 و G2 و آکراتوکسین A در میوه غوره و رسیده ناچیز بود در صورتیکه مقادیر کمی در کشمش مشاهده شد (05/0>P). غلظت سرب در میوه غوره و کشمش کمتر از میوه رسیده بود (05/0>P). در نتیجه، ترکیبات فنولی و تاننها، غلظت سموم قارچی و عناصر سنگین در میوه غوره و رسیده و کشمش انگور بیدانه سفید کمتر از سطوح سمی برای تغذیه در نشخوارکنندگان بود و الگو و قابلیت دسترسی مواد مغذی این محصولات، آنها را به عنوان ماده خوراکی مناسب در جیره نشخوارکنندگان ممکن میسازد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
399 - Insights of Herbal Supplements during Transition Period in Dairy Animals: An Updated Review
K.R. Sriranga A.K. Singh K.R. Harini A. Kumar I. Mukherjee A.B. Durge K.P. Mohanta -
Open Access Article
400 - نقش اپینفرین و بروموکریپتین در مرغهای تخمگذار اثر اپینفرین و بروموکریپتین بر رشد فولیکولی تخمدان و صفات تولیدی مرغهای تخمگذار
ی. بدخشان م. مظهریاین آزمایش برای مطالعه اثراپینفرین و بروموکریپتین بر رشد فولیکولی تخمدان و صفات تولیدی مرغهای تخمگذار طراحی شد. 30 مرغ تخمگذار لگهورن در سن 50 هفتگی به طور مساوی بین سه تیمار (10 مرغ برای هر تیمار) شامل کنترل (5/0 میلیلیتر سرم فیزیولوژیکی به ازای هر مرغ در هفته)، اپی Moreاین آزمایش برای مطالعه اثراپینفرین و بروموکریپتین بر رشد فولیکولی تخمدان و صفات تولیدی مرغهای تخمگذار طراحی شد. 30 مرغ تخمگذار لگهورن در سن 50 هفتگی به طور مساوی بین سه تیمار (10 مرغ برای هر تیمار) شامل کنترل (5/0 میلیلیتر سرم فیزیولوژیکی به ازای هر مرغ در هفته)، اپینفرین (5/0 میلیلیتر به ازای هر مرغ در هفته) و بروموکریپتین (100 گرم به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن) تقسیم شدند. تزریق تیمارها به صورت یکبار در هفته و به مدت 10 هفته انجام شد. در انتهای دوره آزمایش همه مرغها کشته شده و تخمدان، مجرای تخم و فولیکولها مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. رشد فولیکولها به طور معنیداری تحت تأثیر تزریق اپینفرین و بروموکریپتین قرار گرفت (01/0>P). تعداد فولیکولهای بزرگ وکوچک زرد رنگ و فولیکولهای بزرگ سفید رنگ تخمدان در مرغهای تزریق شده با اپینفرین و بروموکریپتین بیشتر از مرغهای گروه کنترل بود (01/0>P). تزریق اپینفرین و بروموکریپتین منجر به کوتاه شدن روزهای توقف تخمگذاری در مقایسه با گروه کنترل گردید (01/0>P). میانگین تولید تخم مرغ هفتگی و درصد تولید تخم مرغ در مرغهای تزریق شده با اپینفرین و بروموکریپتین بیشتر از مرغهای گروه کنترل بود (01/0>P). نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که اپینفرین و بروموکریپتین میتوانند منجر به رشد و توسعه فولیکولها و تحریک تخمگذاری در انتهای دوره تولیدی مرغهای تخمگذار گردند. Manuscript profile -
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401 - سلول سوختی میکروبی: روش جدید برای تعیین ارزش غذایی پنبه دانه کامل مورد استفاده در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان
م. بشارتی ا. تقی زادههدف از این مطالعه، تعیین همبستگی بین تکنیک تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی و سلول­های سوختی میکروبی و معرفی روش جدید برای ارزیابی خوراک مورد استفاده در جیره­های نشخوارکنندگان است. تیمارهای مورد آزمایش: 1) جیره کنترل (بدون پنبه دانه، مننسین و ویتامین E، (CD)؛ 2) جیره حاوی 2 Moreهدف از این مطالعه، تعیین همبستگی بین تکنیک تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی و سلول­های سوختی میکروبی و معرفی روش جدید برای ارزیابی خوراک مورد استفاده در جیره­های نشخوارکنندگان است. تیمارهای مورد آزمایش: 1) جیره کنترل (بدون پنبه دانه، مننسین و ویتامین E، (CD)؛ 2) جیره حاوی 20 درصد پنبه دانه کامل (CSD)؛ 3) تیمار حاوی 20 درصد پنبه دانه کامل به همراه 12000 واحد ویتامین E به ازای هر گاو در روز (CSDE) و 4) تیمار حاوی 20 درصد دانه پنبه کامل به همراه 24 ppm مننسین در کیلوگرم DMI برای هر گاو در روز (CSDM). برای آزمایش سلول­های سوختی میکروبی، پیکربندی خانگی MFC شامل دو سیلندر از نوعPlexiglass بود. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که تیمار حاوی ویتامین E تولید گاز بیشتری نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشت. تولید گاز در تیمار حاوی موننسین کمتر از سایر تیمارها بود. تیمار با ویتامین E دارای مقادیر ولتاژ، جریان و قدرت بیشتری در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها بود. داده­های به دست آمده نشان داد که اضافه کردن موننسین در مقایسه با تیمار CSD باعث بهبود عملکرد سلول­های میکروبی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که بین مقادیر تولید گاز و عملکرد سلول­های سوختی میکروبی همبستگی بالایی وجود دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
402 - عملکرد رشد و کیفیت لاشه خروسهای تیپ تخمگذار و جوجههای گوشتی
پ.اچ.ج.جی. دسیلوا ی.م. ویکراماسینق د.سی.آ. کالوبوویلاهدف از این مطالعه مقایسه عملکرد رشد و کیفیت لاشه خروس­های تیپ تخمگذار و جوجه­های گوشتی پرورش داده شده در شرایط یکسان بوده است. 180 جوجه یکروزه نر گوشتی (BM)، ماده گوشتی (BF) و نر تخمگذار قهوه­ای در 9 قفس بر مبنای یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار و 20 پرنده ب Moreهدف از این مطالعه مقایسه عملکرد رشد و کیفیت لاشه خروس­های تیپ تخمگذار و جوجه­های گوشتی پرورش داده شده در شرایط یکسان بوده است. 180 جوجه یکروزه نر گوشتی (BM)، ماده گوشتی (BF) و نر تخمگذار قهوه­ای در 9 قفس بر مبنای یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار و 20 پرنده به ازای هر واحد آزمایشی در نظر گرفته شد. وزن بدن و مصرف خوراک هفتگی ثبت گردید. افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک (FCR) محاسبه گردیدند. صفات کیفیت لاشه در هفته­های 4، 6، 8، 12 و 16 تعیین گردیدند. اثر FCR ژنوتیپ بر وزن بدن و مصرف خوراک معنی­دار بود (05/0>P). BM و BF در مقایسه با LM مصرف خوراک بالاتر و ضریب تبدیل بهتری برای همه مراحل رشد نشان دادند (05/0>P). LM در مقایسه با BM و BF درصد خون، پر، پا، سر و اندام­های داخلی بالاتری داشتند (05/0>P). BM و BF مقادیر معنی­دار بالاتری برای درصد پوشش بدن داشتند (05/0>P). LM دارای پایین­ترین مقدار چربی زیر جلدی در گردن، چربی زیر جلدی در ران و چربی بطنی علی­رغم سنین کشتار بودند (05/0>P). ژنوتیپ تأثیر معنی­داری بر رنگ عضلات اصلی سینه­ای و دو سر ران داشت. در سن کشتار 8 هفتگی، LM بالاترین L* را برای هر دو ماهیچه ثبت کرده است (05/0>P). BM و BF در مقایسه با LM به شکل معنی­داری مولفه­های a* بالاتر برای عضله اصلی سینه­ای داشتند (05/0>P). علاوه بر این، LM کمترین مقدار فشار برشی را نشان داد (05/0>P). این نتایج نشان می­دهند که نرهای تخمگذار به عنوان یک سامانه جایگزین تولید گوشت از جنبه خصوصیات لاشه و گوشت مورد قبول واقع می­گردند. Manuscript profile -
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403 - In vitro and in situ Ruminal Degradability of Oak Leaves (Quercus persica) as Affected by Growth Stage during Spring Season and Polyethylene Glycol Application
N. Rahimi F. Fatahnia M. Yousef Elahi R. Tabaraki G. Taasoli F. Ahmadi J.W. Cone -
Open Access Article
404 - Multi-Step Assessment of Lactation Curve Functions of Iranian Simmental and Jersey Cows with Emphasis on Relative Information Criteria
R. Pahlavan M.R. Afrazandeh N. Jamali M. Kazemi M.A. Abbasi J. Rahmaninia A. Kazemi B. Mohammad Nazari -
Open Access Article
405 - Live Yeast Supplementation for Heifers (F1 Angus × Nellore) in Intensive Grazing Finishing System
C.A. Pedrini J.R. Gandra E.R. Oliveira A.R.M. Fernandes F.S. Machado E.R.S. Gandra -
Open Access Article
406 - ارزیابی معیارهای مدیریتی تلیسه برای بهبود عملکرد شیردهی و کاهش بروز سخت زایی: واکاوی نظام مند وزن بدن، افزایش وزن روزانه و سن به مکمل کروم متیونین در جیره وابسته به سن و وزن
ح. رفیعی م.ه. خبازان ا. مهنانی ا. نیکخواهمدیریت جامع پرورش تلیسه برای افزایش تولید شیر و کاهش سخت­زایی مستلزم واکاوی نظام­مند سن، وزن بدن و افزایش وزن روزانه در یک جامعه آماری بزرگ است. هدف این مطالعه، تعیین اثر وزن بدن و سن در زمان اولین تلقیح، افزایش وزن روزانه پیش از آبستنی بر تولید شیر، چربی شیر و Moreمدیریت جامع پرورش تلیسه برای افزایش تولید شیر و کاهش سخت­زایی مستلزم واکاوی نظام­مند سن، وزن بدن و افزایش وزن روزانه در یک جامعه آماری بزرگ است. هدف این مطالعه، تعیین اثر وزن بدن و سن در زمان اولین تلقیح، افزایش وزن روزانه پیش از آبستنی بر تولید شیر، چربی شیر و پروتئین شیر در دوره شیردهی اول و بروز سخت­زایی در زایش اول در تلیسه­ های هلشتاین بود. داده­های تولیدی، تولیدمثلی و رشد روزانه 3208 رأس تلیسه از سه گله بزرگ صنعتی استخراج و مورد واکاوی قرار گرفتند. تلیسه­ ها براساس وزن بدن به چهار گروه تقسیم شدند که شامل: 1) 700 گرم در روز، 2) 700-750 گرم در روز، 3) 750-800 گرم در روز و 4) >800 گرم در روز بود. بر اساس وزن بدن در اولین تلقیح، تلیسه­ها به سه گروه تقسیم شدند که شامل: 1) <350 کیلوگرم، 2) 350-380 کیلوگرم و 3) >380 کیلوگرم بود. بر اساس سن در اولین تلقیح، تلیسه­ها به سه گروه تقسیم شدند که شامل: 1) <14 ماه، 2) 14-15 ماه و 3) >15 ماه بود. داده­ها با استفاده از رویه مدل­های مختلط خطی و رگرسیون لجستیک غیرخطی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل آماری قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که وزن و سن تلیسه در زمان اولین تلقیح بر تولید شیر اولین دوره شیردهی به طور معنی­داری مؤثر بودند (P<0.05)، به طوری که تلیسه­های با وزن >380 کیلوگرم (14499 کیلوگرم شیر) و سن > 15 ماه (11430 کیلوگرم شیر) در اولین تلقیح، بیشترین تولید شیر را داشتند. تلیسه­های با افزایش وزن روزانه >800 گرم در روز تمایل به تولید شیر و تولید پروتئین شیر بیشتری در دوره شیردهی اول نسبت به سایر گروه­ها داشتند (P<0.01). بیشترین تولید چربی شیر متعلق به تلیسه­ هایی بود که افزایش وزن روزانه 700-750 گرم در روز داشتند. تلیسه­های با وزن > 380 کیلوگرم در اولین تلقیح (349 کیلوگرم چربی شیر) تولید چربی شیر بیشتری نسبت به تلیسه­های با وزن > 350 کیلوگرم (334 کیلوگرم چربی شیر) و 350-380 کیلوگرم (336 کیلوگرم چربی شیر) داشتند. تلیسه­های با > 800 گرم افزایش وزن روزانه (24.4 درصد) (P<0.05) نسبت به تلیسه­های با < 700 گرم افزایش وزن روزانه (14.2 درصد)، 700-750 گرم افزایش وزن روزانه (11.3 درصد)، و 750-800 گرم افزایش وزن روزانه (20 درصد) بروز بالاتری از سخت­زایی را نشان دادند. تلیسه­های با وزن < ­350 کیلوگرم در اولین تلقیح، نسبت به سایر گروه­های وزن بدنی، سخت­زایی بیشتری را تجربه کردند (P<0.05). به عنوان نتیجه­گیری نهایی، وزن بدن بالاتر (>380 کیلوگرم) و سن بالاتر (>15 ماه) در زمان اولین تلقیح، به تولید شیر بیشتر در اولین دوره شیردهی منجر شد، اما تلیسه­های با سن < 23 ماه در اولین زایش، کاهش تولید شیر و افزایش بروز سخت­زایی را تجربه نمودند. بنابراین، وزن و سن در اولین تلقیح و افزایش وزن پیش از آبستنی همگی بر عملکرد تولیدی تلیسه­ها طی شیردهی اول و بروز سخت­زایی در زایش اول به طور معنی­داری مؤثر بودند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
407 - Effect of Treatment with Additional Doses of Prostaglandin F2 Alpha during the Middle Stage of the Oestrus Cycle on Luteolysis Process and Reproduction Performance in Holstein Dairy Cows
N. Neisari A. Kaveh P. Pooladzadeh A. Hajibemani F. Mirzaeei -
Open Access Article
408 - Association of Somatic Cell Score with Production Traits in Iranian Holstein Cows
Z. Ghasemi A.A. Aslaminejad M. Tahmoorespur M. Rokouei H. Faraji Arough -
Open Access Article
409 - گیاهان دارویی و مکملهای آنها: روشی نوین در تغذیه جانوران
ن. بهاتدام­های اهلی یکی از مؤلفه­های اساسی در بخش کشاورزی بوده و تأثیر مهمی بر اقتصاد ملی دارند. یکی از عوامل اقتصادی برای تقویت تولید، جلوگیری و درمان بیماری­ها در جانوران است که در عین حال چالشی بزرگ بر سر راه متخصصین تغذیه دام نیز محسوب می­گردد. برای به دست Moreدام­های اهلی یکی از مؤلفه­های اساسی در بخش کشاورزی بوده و تأثیر مهمی بر اقتصاد ملی دارند. یکی از عوامل اقتصادی برای تقویت تولید، جلوگیری و درمان بیماری­ها در جانوران است که در عین حال چالشی بزرگ بر سر راه متخصصین تغذیه دام نیز محسوب می­گردد. برای به دست آوردن تولیدات حیوانی سالم باید حیوانات مزرعه­ای نیز سالم نگهداری شوند. استفاده از ترکیبات طبیعی نظیر گیاهان دارویی، عصاره­های آنها و سایر فرآورده­های گیاهی جهت تقویت سلامت حیوانات و کسب رضایت­مندی مصرف کنندگان، در مقایسه با ترکیبات شیمیایی ارجحیت دارند. علاوه بر این افزودنی­های خوراکی گیاهان دارویی می­توانند به عنوان دارو (گیاهان دارویی خام خشک شده که کاملاً خرد و ریز شده­اند)، عصارههای گیاهی و جدایه­های دارویی (نظیر روغن­های ضروری) مورد استفاده قرار گیرند. داروهای گیاهی شامل گیاه کامل یا شکل بریده و خشک شده بخش­هایی از یک گیاه، جلبک، قارچ یا گلسنگ بوده که برای خصوصیات درمانی­اش مورد استفاده قرار می­گیرد. گیاهان دارویی سبب ایجاد یا تقویت طعم­هایی در خوراک حیوانات می­شوند و بنابراین میتوانند بر الگوهای خوردن، ترشح مایعات گوارشی و مصرف کل خوراک تأثیر بگذارند. نقطه اصلی فعالیت نیز دستگاه گوارش حیوان است. به دلیل وجود انواع مختلفی از ترکیبات فعال، گیاهان دارویی و ادویه­جات مختلف، تأثیرات متفاوتی بر فرآیند هضم دارند. گیاهان دارویی، ادویه­جات و مخلوط­های آنها اغلب به عنوان مواد ضد التهابی شناخته شده و نقش آنتی اکسیدانی نیز ایفا می­کنند. چندین آزمایش برون­تنی نشان داده­اند که عصاره­های گیاهی معین فعالیت آنتی میکروبی قوی بر علیه باکتری­های گرم منفی و گرم مثبت دارند. گیاهان دارویی و فرآورده­های آنها تأثیر مثبتی بر مصرف خوراک، رشد و تولید گوشت، شیر و تخم مرغ دارند. علاوه بر این منجر به تقویت کیفیت و پایداری محصولات حیوانی نیز می­شوند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
410 - تأثیردورههای نوری مختلف بر عملکرد مرغ مادر گوشتی در دوره تخمگذاری
ت. مکرمی ن. هدایت ایوریق ب. نویدشاداثر افزایش دوره نوری از 13 ساعت به 16 ساعت در طول روز در مرغهای مادر گوشتی راس 308 مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. مرغ و خروس­ها به مدت 8 ساعت در دوره پرورش نگهداری شدند سپس در سن 21 هفتگی تحریک نوری شده و به یکی از دوره­های نوری 13، 14، 15 یا 16 ساعت منتقل شدند و عملکرد Moreاثر افزایش دوره نوری از 13 ساعت به 16 ساعت در طول روز در مرغهای مادر گوشتی راس 308 مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. مرغ و خروس­ها به مدت 8 ساعت در دوره پرورش نگهداری شدند سپس در سن 21 هفتگی تحریک نوری شده و به یکی از دوره­های نوری 13، 14، 15 یا 16 ساعت منتقل شدند و عملکرد آنها بین سنین 26 و 50 هفته مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. ضریب تبدیل غذایی، مجموع وزن تخم ­مرغ تولیدی و تعداد تخم مرغ تولیدی به ازای هر پرنده در 16 ساعت دوره نوری نسبت به تیمارهای دیگر کمتر بوده ولی بین سه گروه دیگر اختلاف معنیداری مشاهده نشد (05/0P<). همچنین از نظر تخم ­مرغ قابل جوجهکشی تفاوت معنی­داری بین گروه­های دریافتکننده دوره نوری بلند (15 و 16 ساعت) با گروه­های دوره نوری کوتاه (13 و 14 ساعت) وجود دارد (05/0P<). میزان تولید تخم ­مرغ دوزرده، شکسته و نافرم در تیمارهای با دوره نوری کوتاه کمتر بوده و به دنبال آن گروه نوری 15 ساعت قرار دارد (05/0P<). میانگین وزن تخم مرغ تولیدی گروه 14 ساعت روشنایی به طور معنیداری بیشتر از 16 ساعت روشنایی به دست آمد (05/0P<) و دو گروه دیگر در حد متوسط بودند. درصد جوجه­درآوری حاصل از تخم­ مرغهای قابل جوجه­کشی نیز اختلاف جزیی بین تیمارهای مختلف مشاهده شد و بیشترین درصد جوجه­درآوری مربوط به 13 ساعت دوره روشنایی است و گروه مربوط به 14 ساعت روشنایی حد واسط بین 13 و 15 ساعت روشنایی است. این یافته­ها نشان می­دهد که انتقال مرغهای مادر از 8 ساعت روشنایی در روز در دوره پرورش به 13 ساعت روشنایی در دوره تخمگذاری در مرغ مادر راس 308 بهترین عملکرد را از لحاظ تولید تخم ­مرغ و جوجه­درآوری خواهد داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
411 - Effect of Different Amounts of Protein and Varying Proportions of Corn Silage and Alfalfa Hay on Milk Production and Nitrogen Excretion of Dairy Holstein Cows
ب. محتشمی ح.ر. میرزایی ح. امانلو -
Open Access Article
412 - ارزیابی اثرات زیست محیطی پرورش بوقلمون در ایران
ک. خیرعلیپور ز. پاینده ب. خوشنویسانصنعت طیور به خاطر تأمین سهم قابل توجهی از نیاز غذایی و پروتئینی بشر یکی از بخش­های مهم تولیدی می­باشد. با توجه به ضرورت حفظ محیط زیست، میزان انتشار آلاینده­ها در یک واحد تولیدی بوقلمون در ایران با استفاده از روش ارزیابی چرخه حیات مورد بررسی قرار ­گرفت. ا Moreصنعت طیور به خاطر تأمین سهم قابل توجهی از نیاز غذایی و پروتئینی بشر یکی از بخش­های مهم تولیدی می­باشد. با توجه به ضرورت حفظ محیط زیست، میزان انتشار آلاینده­ها در یک واحد تولیدی بوقلمون در ایران با استفاده از روش ارزیابی چرخه حیات مورد بررسی قرار ­گرفت. اطلاعات مورد نیاز از طریق پرسشنامه و مصاحبه حضوری با مرغدار جمع­آوری شد. در این روش مرز سامانه دروازه واحد پرورش و واحد عملکردی یک تن گوشت بوقلمون در نظرگرفته شد. انتشار آلاینده­ها مربوط به نهاده­­ها و ستاده­های واحد پرورش تعیین گردید. مقادیر شاخص­های زیست­محیطی شامل: تخلیه منابع زمینی، تخلیه منابع فسیلی، گرمایش جهانی، تخلیه لایه اوزن، سمیت انسانی، سمیت آب­های سطحی، سمیت آب­های آزاد، سمیت زمینی، اکسیداسیون فوتوشیمیایی، پتانسیل اسیدی شدن و یوتریفیکاسیون به ترتیب برابر kg Sb eq 61/1، MJ 19/20، kg CO2 eq 63/3، kg CFC -11 eq 90/1، kg 1.4 DB eq 60/67، kg 1.4 DB eq 55/4، kg 1.4 DB eq 04/1، kg 1.4 DB eq 17/1،kg C2H4 eq 0005/0، kg SO2 eq 024/0 و kg PO4 eq 0094/0 بدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که نهاده خوراک بیشترین آلایندگی را در بین نهاده­های مصرفی داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
413 - ترکیب شیمیایی، پروفیل اسیدهای چرب و ارزش زیستی تانن در هستههای خرمای منتخب در ایران
آ. رضایینیا ع.ع. ناصریان ا. مختارپوراین مطالعه به منظور بررسی ترکیب شیمیایی و پروفایل اسیدهای چرب هسته­های شش واریته غالب خرما پرورش یافته در ایران شامل برهی، استعمران، مضافتی، خاصی، خرک و زاهدی و اثرات زیستی تانن آنها به صورت تولید گاز در شرایط برون تنی انجام گرفت. قابلیت هضم ماده آلی (OMD)، انرژی قا Moreاین مطالعه به منظور بررسی ترکیب شیمیایی و پروفایل اسیدهای چرب هسته­های شش واریته غالب خرما پرورش یافته در ایران شامل برهی، استعمران، مضافتی، خاصی، خرک و زاهدی و اثرات زیستی تانن آنها به صورت تولید گاز در شرایط برون تنی انجام گرفت. قابلیت هضم ماده آلی (OMD)، انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME) و غلظت اسیدهای چرب کوتاه زنجیر (SCFA) پس از 24 ساعت کشت با و بدون استفاده از پلی اتیلن گلیکول (PEG) تخمین زده شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تمام واریته­های هسته خرما حاوی مقادیر بالای فیبر نامحلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF)، عصاره اتری و کل ترکیبات فنولی بودند که دامنه تغییر آنها به ترتیب برابر با 689 تا 782، 82 تا 118 و 41 تا 110 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک بود. ولی، دارای سطوح پایین پروتئین خام (50 تا 69 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) و خاکستر (10 تا 26 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) بودند. کروماتوگرافی گازی نشان داد که اسید چرب غیر اشباع اصلی اسید اولئیک (13/40 تا 35/46 گرم در 100 گرم اسید چرب) بود، درحالی که اسید چرب اشباع اصلی اسید لوریک (96/20 تا 25/26 گرم در 100 گرم اسید چرب) بود. بجز استعمران، همه واریته­ها دارای OMD (کمتر از 334 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) و ME (کمتر از 1/4 مگاژول در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) پایین بودند. استفاده از PEG حجم گاز تولیدی، OMD، ME و SCFA را افزایش داد (05/0P<) که نشان دهنده اثر ممانعت کنندگی تانن­های هسته خرما بر تخمیر میکروبی است. کل تانن با ارزش تغذیه­ای (OMD و ME) هسته­های خرما همبستگی منفی داشت. می­توان نتیجه­گیری کرد که با وجود قابلیت هضم و انرژی قابل متابولیسم پایین، هسته خرما بدلیل وجود مقادیر زیاد کربوهیدرات­ ساختمانی و عصاره اتری ممکن است به عنوان منبع دیگری از خوراک تلقی گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
414 - اثرات رنگدانههای استخراج شده از گل جعفری بر کیفیت تخم مرغ و پایداری اکسیداتیو زرده تخم مرغ در مرغان تخمگذار تجاری
م. رضایی س. زکیزاده ن. ایلاهدف از این تحقیق بررسی اثرات استفاده از رنگدانههای استخراج شده از گل جعفری در مقایسه با رنگدانههای سینتتیک بر عملکرد تولیدی مرغان تخمگذار و کیفیت و خواص آنتیاکسیدانی تخم مرغ آنها بود. تعداد 64 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار در سن 75 هفتگی به صورت تصادفی به 4 گروه آزمایشی شامل: (1 Moreهدف از این تحقیق بررسی اثرات استفاده از رنگدانههای استخراج شده از گل جعفری در مقایسه با رنگدانههای سینتتیک بر عملکرد تولیدی مرغان تخمگذار و کیفیت و خواص آنتیاکسیدانی تخم مرغ آنها بود. تعداد 64 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار در سن 75 هفتگی به صورت تصادفی به 4 گروه آزمایشی شامل: (1) کنترل، جیره پایه بدون رنگدانه، (2) جیره پایه + 25 ppm رنگدانه سینتتیک تجاری، (3) جیره پایه + 20 ppm کل کارتنوئیدهای استخراج شده از گل جعفری و (4) جیره پایه + 40 ppm کل کارتنوئیدهای استخراج شده از گل جعفری، در 16 قفس مجزا با ابعاد استاندارد تقسیم شدند. در طول 8 هفته دوره آزمایشی صفات عملکردی، کیفیت تخم مرغ، شاخص رنگ زرده و پایداری اکسیداتیو لیپیدهای زرده در مرغان اندازهگیری و به روش طرح کاملاً تصادفی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تولید و کیفیت تخم مرغ تفاوت معنیداری بین گروههای آزمایشی نسبت به گروه شاهد (بدون مصرف رنگدانه) نداشت ولی شاخص رنگ زرده در مرغانی که از رنگدانه طبیعی یا سینتتیک مصرف کرده بودند به صورت معنیداری بیشتر از گروه شاهد بود (01/0>P). ثبات اکسیداتیو لیپیدهای زرده در مرغان تغذیه شده با رنگدانه جعفری بعد از 3 هفته به صورت معنیداری بهبود یافت (05/0>P). در مجموع استفاده از گل جعفری به عنوان رنگدانه و یا به عنوان آنتیاکسیدان در جیره مرغان تخمگذار باید ارزیابی اقتصادی شود. Manuscript profile -
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415 - Estrus Synchronization Methods during the Non-Breeding Season of Ghezel Ewe Lambs
M. Ebrahimi R. Aghamohammadzadeh G. Moghaddam H. Daghigh Kia -
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416 - اثر پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی روی عملکرد تخمگذاری، کیفیت تخم مرغ، محتوای پروفایل لیپید و کاروتن تخم مرغ در مرغان تخمگذار
M. Habanabashaka M. Sengabo I.O. Oladunjoyeاین مطالعه در طی 8 هفته و برای بررسی اثرات استفاده از پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی در جیره مرغان تخمگذار روی عملکرد تخمگذاری، کیفیت تخم مرغ و پروفایل لیپید تخم مرغ و همچنین برای کاهش هزینه خوراک و تولید انجام شد. چهار جیره تخمگذاری حاوی پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی در چهار سطح 0، 3 Moreاین مطالعه در طی 8 هفته و برای بررسی اثرات استفاده از پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی در جیره مرغان تخمگذار روی عملکرد تخمگذاری، کیفیت تخم مرغ و پروفایل لیپید تخم مرغ و همچنین برای کاهش هزینه خوراک و تولید انجام شد. چهار جیره تخمگذاری حاوی پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی در چهار سطح 0، 3، 6 و 9 درصد به طور تصادفی به چهار گروه 40 قطعهای از مرغان در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی اختصاص یافتند. هر تیمار شامل چهار تکرار و هر تکرار شامل 10 قطعه مرغ بود. دادههای جمعآوری شده توسط رویه GLM بسته نرمافزاری SASآنالیز شدند. نتایج تفاوت معنیداری برای سطوح 0، 3 و 6 درصد از پودر ضایعات در مورد تولید تخممرغ، پروفایل لیپید زرده و محتوای کاروتن آن نشان نداد (به ترتیب 30/68، 80/67 و 10/68 درصد) اما در سطح 9 درصد استفاده از پودر ضایعات کاهش معنیدار در این تولید (45/63 درصد تولید روز مرغ) مشاهده شد. ضریب تبدیل خوراک در سطح 9 درصد به طور معنیداری بالاتر بود. وزن تخممرغ، واحدهاو و شاخص زرده توسط تیمارهای جیرهای تأثیر نپذیرفتند. رنگ زرده به طور معنیداری با افزایش سطح ضایعات در جیرهها افزایش یافت. محتوای لیپیدزرده (از جمله کلسترول) در کمترین مقدار در سطوح 6 و 9 درصد بود. محتوای کاروتنوئید زرده (از جمله لیکوپن) در مرغان تغذیه شده با پودر ضایعات به طور معنیداری با افزایش محتوای ضایعات افزایش یافت. نتیجه اینکه، استفاده از پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی تا سطح 6 درصد میتواند بدون اثر سوء روی کیفیت تخم مرغ و میزان تولید تخم مرغ در جیره مرغان تخمگذار استفاده شود. این سطح از پودر ضایعات همچنین نشان داد که از طریق افزایش شاخص رنگ زرده و غلظلت لیکوپن و همچنین کاهش محتوای کلسترول زرده تخممرغ میتواند مفید نیز باشد. Manuscript profile -
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417 - بررسی تاثیر یک پریبیوتیک مایع بر عملکرد رشد و اندامهای داخلی بلدرچینهای ژاپنی
ح. حاجاتی ع. گیلانی س. سیفیآزمایشی برای ارزیابی اثرات یک پری­بیوتیک مایع بر خصوصیات لاشه، دستگاه گوارش و صفات تولیدی بلدرچین­های ژاپنی انجام شد. تعداد 80 قطعه جوجه 7 روزه بلدرچین ژاپنی به دو تیمار اختصاص داده شدند. هر تیمار دارای 4 تکرار (پن) با 10 قطعه پرنده در هر کدام بود. تیمار اول (شا Moreآزمایشی برای ارزیابی اثرات یک پری­بیوتیک مایع بر خصوصیات لاشه، دستگاه گوارش و صفات تولیدی بلدرچین­های ژاپنی انجام شد. تعداد 80 قطعه جوجه 7 روزه بلدرچین ژاپنی به دو تیمار اختصاص داده شدند. هر تیمار دارای 4 تکرار (پن) با 10 قطعه پرنده در هر کدام بود. تیمار اول (شاهد) شامل یک جیره غذایی توصیه شده استاندارد بدون افزودنی پری­بیوتیک بود. تیمار دوم دارای همان جیره غذایی نخست بود ولی یک پری­بیوتیک مایع به مقدار 5/0 میلی­لیتر در هر لیتر آب آشامیدنی پرنده­ها در کل دوره آزمایش استفاده گردید. آب و خوراک به صورت دسترسی آزاد از 7 تا 42 روزگی فراهم شدند. مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک به صورت هفتگی تعیین شدند. استفاده از پری­بیوتیک مایع اثر معنی­داری بر وزن نسبی اندام­های داخلی و لاشه نداشت. میزان تلفات تحت تاثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت. در کل، مصرف خوراک پرنده­های دریافتکننده پری­بیوتیک مایع به طور معنی­داری کاهش و وزن­گیری به طور قابل ملاحظه­ای افزایش یافت. در نتیجه ضریب تبدیل خوراک کل دوره آزمایش بهبود یافت. Manuscript profile -
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418 - ارزش تغذیهای بالقوه گونههای علوفه چریدنی حبوبات منتخب در نیجریه با استفاده از روش آزمایشگاهی تولید گاز
آ.آ. نجیدا آ.اً. اًلافادهان اچ.آ. آلکالیترکیب شیمیایی و تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی برخی از گونه­های چریدنی حبوبات ارزیابی شدند. پروتئین خام (CP) در Pterocarpus erinaceus در بالاترین سطح بود (05/0>P). فیبر محلول در شوینده خنثی، فیبر محلول در شوینده اسیدی و تانن تغلیظ شده کُل (TCT) در Erythrina senegalensis در Moreترکیب شیمیایی و تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی برخی از گونه­های چریدنی حبوبات ارزیابی شدند. پروتئین خام (CP) در Pterocarpus erinaceus در بالاترین سطح بود (05/0>P). فیبر محلول در شوینده خنثی، فیبر محلول در شوینده اسیدی و تانن تغلیظ شده کُل (TCT) در Erythrina senegalensis در بالاترین سطح قرار داشت (05/0>P). بیشترین مقدار لیگنین محلول در شوینده اسیدی در Parkia biglobosaوکمترین مقدارآن درAcacia seyal مشاهده شد.بالاترین مقدار تجزیه­پذیری آزمایشگاهی ماده خشک (IVOMD) درDesmodium relatinum (87/11 درصد) و کمترین مقدار آن در Fadhebia albida (29/74 درصد) به دست آمد. بالاترین حجم تولید گاز در 96 ساعت متعلق به Pterocarpus erinaceus (g DM 200/mg 33/29=GP) و کمترین آن مربوط به Parkia biglobosa (g DM 200/mL 00/2) بوده است. مقدار GP حاصل از بخش محلول (a) و حجم گاز تولیدی (mL) در زمان t (Y) در Pterocarpus erinaceus و Erythrina senegalensis در بالاترین سطح بوده است. بیشترین مقدار تولید گاز حاصل از بخش نامحلول ولی تجزیه­پذیر (b) و GP بالقوه (b + a) در Dicrostachys cinerea مشاهده شده است. نرخ GP (c) بین چراهای مختلف بدون الگویی مشخص تغییر نمود. CP چراها با زمان انکوباسیون در همه ساعت­ها و کلیه ویژگی­های تخمیر (a، c و Y) همبستگی مثبت معنی­داری داشت. فیبر محلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF) همبستگی مثبتی با زمان­های انکوباشیون و a، b + a و c نشان داد. فیبر محلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADF) همبستگی منفی با ساعت­های انکوباسیون داشته ولی با خصوصیات تخمیر گازی رابطه مثبتی داشت. لیگنین محلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADL) و IVOMD همبستگی ضعیفی با ساعت­های انکوباسیون داشتند ولی رابطه آنها با برخی از ویژگی­های تخمیر قوی بود. تانن تغلیظ شده کُل (TCT) همبستگی مثبتی با زمان انکوباسیون 6، 12 ، 24 و 96 ساعت داشته ولی رابطه­اش با ویژگی­های تخمیر مثبت ولی ضعیف بوده است. محتوای فنلی همبستگی مثبت و قوی با زمان انکوباسیون 3، 6، 12 و 24 ساعت و a، c و Y داشت. بر مبنای CP نسبتاً بالا، سطوح متوسط فیبر و محتوای پایین تانن تغلیظ شده، می­توان نتیجه گرفت که علوفه حبوبات چرایی پتانسیل تغذیه­ای جهت خوراکدهی به نشخوارکنندگان در مناطق حاره­ای را دارند. Manuscript profile -
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419 - Determinants of Technical Efficiency of the Dairy Farmers in Ada’a District of Oromia State, Ethiopia
L. Fita M.M. Trivedi A.M. Patel B. Tassew C.G. Joshi -
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420 - بررسی دو سیستم تخمگذار (بستر در مقابل قفس) در تولید تخم مرغ، کیفیت و سلامت
V.G. Stanley D. Nelson M.B. Daleyاین مطالعه برای بررسی اثر دو سیستم تخمگذار (بستر در مقابل قفس) در تولید تخم مرغ، کیفیت تخم مرغ و سلامت میکروبی انجام شد. 188 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار در سن 42 هفته به دو گروه با 90 مرغ تقسیم شدند، و در قفس تخمگذار یا سیستم بستر تخمگذار قرار گرفتند. جمعآوری تخم مرغها به مدت 2 Moreاین مطالعه برای بررسی اثر دو سیستم تخمگذار (بستر در مقابل قفس) در تولید تخم مرغ، کیفیت تخم مرغ و سلامت میکروبی انجام شد. 188 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار در سن 42 هفته به دو گروه با 90 مرغ تقسیم شدند، و در قفس تخمگذار یا سیستم بستر تخمگذار قرار گرفتند. جمعآوری تخم مرغها به مدت 2 هفته انجام شد، و تولید تخم مرغ روزانه، کیفیت تخم مرغ (کل تخم مرغ، سفیده تخم مرغ، زرده و پوسته وزن)، سالم و قابل فروش بودن اندازهگیری شد. مجموع تعداد باکتریها در سطح پوسته تخم مرغ نیز در 0، 4 و 8 ساعت پس از تخمگذاری شمارش شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تولید تخم مرغ روزهای مرغ در سیستم قفس (95 درصد) (05/0P<) بالاتر از تولید مرغ از سیستم بستر (85 درصد) بود، اما تفاوت معنیداری در وزن تخم مرغ، سفیده تخم مرغ، وزن زرده، و یا پوسته وجود نداشت. مرغهای داخل قفس تخمگذاری، به طور قابل توجهی (05/0P<) تولید تخم مرغ قابل عرضه در بازار (95 درصد) بیشتری نسبت به مرغهای روی سیستم بستر (89 درصد) داشتند. به طور معنیداری (05/0P<) تخم مرغهای غیرقابل فروش نیز توسط مرغهای در سیستم بستر (11 درصد) از سیستم قفس (4 درصد) بیشتر بود. شمار باکتری روی پوسته تخم مرغ در مرغهای در سیستم قفس تخمگذار در 0 و 4 ساعت بعد از تخمگذاری (02/4 و 90/5 ورود میلیلیتر CFU/، به ترتیب) از شمار در پوسته تخم مرغهای حاصل از سیستم بستر تخمگذار (58/6 و 25/7 ورود میلیلیترCFU/، به ترتیب) کمتر بود (05/0P<). تفاوت معنیداری در آلودگی تخم مرغهایی که 8 ساعت پس از تخمگذاری جمعآوری شدند، وجود نداشت. یافتهها نشان میدهد مرغها در قفس تخم مرغ بیشتر و با کیفیت بالاتر و آلودگی باکتریایی کمتری از مرغهای نگهداری شده در سیستم بستر تولید میکنند. Manuscript profile -
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421 - تعیین ارزش غذایی انواع سویا با استفاده از روشهای آزمایشگاهی (in vitro) و تکنیکهای تولید گاز
ت. آیسان م. بوگا م. بایلان اس. ارگول اچ. کوتای اس. نعیم سابر سی. میزرک پی. کوبوکسواین مطالعه با هدف تعیین ارزش غذایی انواع سویا با استفاده از روشهای آزمایشگاهی (in vitro) و روش تولید گاز انجام شد. تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی و تولید گاز سینتیک انواع سویا در زمانهای انکوباسیون 0 ، 3 ، 6 ، 12 ، 24 ، 48 ، 72 و 96 ساعت تعیین شد. این مطالعه نشان داد که ا Moreاین مطالعه با هدف تعیین ارزش غذایی انواع سویا با استفاده از روشهای آزمایشگاهی (in vitro) و روش تولید گاز انجام شد. تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی و تولید گاز سینتیک انواع سویا در زمانهای انکوباسیون 0 ، 3 ، 6 ، 12 ، 24 ، 48 ، 72 و 96 ساعت تعیین شد. این مطالعه نشان داد که از نظر ترکیب شیمیایی و میزان تولید گاز در بین پنج نوع مختلف سویا تغییراتی وجود دارد. مقدار پروتئین خام (CP) واریته سویا از 02/34 تا 13/37 درصد متغیر بود. میزان خاکستر دانههای سویا از 42/5 تا 59/5 درصد به دست آمد. الیاف محلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF) و الیاف محلول در شوینده اسید (ADF) به ترتیب از 4/16 تا 0/25 و 0/13 تا 60/21 درصد بود. عصاره اتری (EE) از 72/18 تا 00/21 درصد بود. نرخ تولید گاز (c) از 110/0 تا 150/0 درصد بود. بالاترین میزان تولید گاز در انواع سویا در ارقام Adasoy و Nazlıcan مشاهده شد (05/0>P). میزان انرژی متابولیسمی (ME) و قابلیت هضم ماده آلی (OMD) محتویات سویا از 053/7 تا 383/7 مگاژول/کیلوگرم در ماده خشک و 953/71 تا 320/75 درصد بود. براساس نتیجه این مطالعه، از انواع سویا می توان با موفقیت برای خوراک نشخوارکنندگان استفاده کرد. تفاوتهای قابل توجهی درCP ، NDF و ADF بین انواع مختلف سویا وجود دارد. گونههای Türksoy و Nazlıcan به دلیل داشتن پروتئین و قابلیت هضم بالاتر، برای استفاده در جیره توصیه می شوند. Manuscript profile -
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422 - شناسایی جایگاه های صفات کمی مؤثر بر صفات تولید شیر بر روی کروموزوم 14 در گاوهای شیری هلشتاین
م. نوری صادق س. انصاری-مهیاری م.پ. اسکندری نسب ف. رفیعیهدف از این تحقیق، تعیین جایگاه ­های صفات کمی (QTL) مؤثر بر صفات تولید شیر بر روی کروموزوم 14 گاوی با استفاده از دو روش تجزیه پیوستگی (LA) و عدم تعادل پیوستگی (LDLA) و مقایسه این دو روش در جمعیت هلشتاین ایران بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ­ها با آزمون نسبت درست ­نم Moreهدف از این تحقیق، تعیین جایگاه ­های صفات کمی (QTL) مؤثر بر صفات تولید شیر بر روی کروموزوم 14 گاوی با استفاده از دو روش تجزیه پیوستگی (LA) و عدم تعادل پیوستگی (LDLA) و مقایسه این دو روش در جمعیت هلشتاین ایران بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ­ها با آزمون نسبت درست ­نمایی (LRT) محاسبه و جهت برآورد مؤلفه ­های واریانس و کوواریانس بر اساس میانگین حداکثر احتمال اطلاعات از نرم افزار DMU استفاده و نتایج با آزمون مربع کای مقایسه شده و در نهایت محتمل­ ترین مکان­ ها برای صفات مورد نظر در سطح 5 درصد گزارش گردیدند. در این تحقیق تعیین ژنوتیپ بر مبنای طرح دختری با 232 دختر از 10 خانواده پدری و 10 نشانگر ریزماهواره در فاصله بین 0 تا 63 سانتی­مورگان از نقشه، بین نشانگرهای ILSTS039 و DIK4361 (ILSTS011، DIK2598، DIK4884، DIK5080، CBDIKM002، ILSTS039، BM1508، CSSM066، CBDIKM004 و DIK4361) انجام گردید. برای صفات تولید شیر و تولید چربی در دو روش مورد استفاده به ترتیب، بیشترین معنی­داری برای جایگاه QTL در فاصله­ های، 20 تا 60 و 54 تا 60 سانتی­مورگان (با استفاده از LA) و در فاصله ­های 12 تا 60 و 60 سانتی­مورگان (با استفاده از LDLA) گزارش شد. برای صفت درصد چربی شیر، بیشترین معنی­داری برای جایگاه QTL در نقاط 3، 12، 20، 36، 44 و 50 سانتی­مورگان در روش LA شناسایی شد. اما در روش LDLA برای صفت درصد چربی شیر معنی­ داری مشاهده نگردید. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق با گزارشات مطالعات قبلی برای QTL های شناسایی شده مطابقت دارد. جهت شناسایی QTL در این تحقیق انتخاب به کمک نشانگر و انتخاب و تأیید ژن ­های کاندیدا مؤثر بر صفات اقتصادی در طرح ­­های اصلاح نژاد گاو شیری می ­تواند مفید باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
423 - اثر تخم شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum-graecum) و ریشه مارچوبه (Asparagus officinalis) بر هضم و کینتیک تولید گاز یونجه با استفاده از تکنیک آزمایشگاهی
و. ناصری ف. کفیلزاده ف. هژبریاین تحقیق به منظور مطالعه اثر تخم شنبلیله و ریشه مارچوبه بر قابلیت هضم و کینتیک تولید گاز علوفه یونجه در شرایط آزمایشگاهی انجام شد. تخم شنبلیله (FS) و ریشه مارچوبه (AR) در سطوح مختلف (0، 5، 10، 15 و 20 درصد ماده خشک) اضافه شده بودند. کل ترکیبات فنولی علوفه یونجه (AH)، ت Moreاین تحقیق به منظور مطالعه اثر تخم شنبلیله و ریشه مارچوبه بر قابلیت هضم و کینتیک تولید گاز علوفه یونجه در شرایط آزمایشگاهی انجام شد. تخم شنبلیله (FS) و ریشه مارچوبه (AR) در سطوح مختلف (0، 5، 10، 15 و 20 درصد ماده خشک) اضافه شده بودند. کل ترکیبات فنولی علوفه یونجه (AH)، تخم شنبلیله و ریشه مارچوبه به ترتیب 9/5، 10 و 3/8 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک، کل تانن 4/0، 8/3 و 5/1 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک و ساپونین 4/10، 3/27 و 3/40 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک بود. قابلیت هضم آزمایشگاهی ماده خشک (DM)، ماده آلی (OM) و دیواره سلولی (NDF) یونجه با اضافه کردن سطوح مختلف تخم شنبلیله کاهش (05/0P<) یافت، اما با اضافه کردن ریشه مارچوبه تحت تأثیر قرار نگرفته بود. افزودن تخم شنبلیله تأثیری بر قابلیت هضم پروتئین خام (CP) یونجه نداشت، اما ریشه مارچوبه در سطح 5 و 20 درصد ماده خشک قابلیت هضم پروتئین خام یونجه را کاهش (05/0P<) داده بود. انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME) یونجه بواسطه اضافه کردن تخم شنبلیله و ریشه مارچوبه به ترتیب افزایش و کاهش یافته بود (05/0P<). اضافه کردن تخم شنبلیله (در سطح 10 درصد ماده خشک) و ریشه مارچوبه (در سطح 5 درصد ماده خشک) پتانسیل تولید گاز یونجه را کاهش (05/0P<) داده بود. نرخهای ثابت تولید گاز (c و d) بواسطه اضافه کردن تخم شنبلیله و ریشه مارچوبه تحت تأثیر قرار نگرفته بودند. تخم شنبلیله و ریشه مارچوبه در سطح 5 درصد ماده خشک فاز تأخیر (l) را کاهش داده بودند. تخم شنبلیله تأثیری بر نرخ تخمیر (h-1) یونجه نداشت، اما ریشه مارچوبه در سطح 10 درصد ماده خشک نرخ تخمیر را افزایش (05/0P<) داده بود. نتایج این تحقیق پیشنهاد میکند که تخم شنبلیله و ریشه مارچوبه به واسطه محتوای متابولیتهای ثانویه ممکن است پتانسیل بهبود ارزش غدایی علوفه یونجه را داشته باشند. Manuscript profile -
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424 - بررسی آزمایشگاهی سطوح مختلف جایگزینی کنجاله سویا با کنجاله گوار در یک جیره پرواری برای برهها
ن. سلیمانی م. ملکی ح. علیعربی پ. زمانی م. دهقان-بنادکیهدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثرات جایگزینی کنجاله سویا (SBM) در سطوح مختلف (سطح 0 بعنوان جیره D1، 33 به عنوان جیره D2، 67 به عنوان D3 و 100 درصد جایگزینی به عنوان D4 بر اساس محتوی پروتئین خام) توسط کنجاله گوار (GM) بر کینتیک گاز تولیدی، میزان هضم و ویژگیهای تخمیر شکمبهای Moreهدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثرات جایگزینی کنجاله سویا (SBM) در سطوح مختلف (سطح 0 بعنوان جیره D1، 33 به عنوان جیره D2، 67 به عنوان D3 و 100 درصد جایگزینی به عنوان D4 بر اساس محتوی پروتئین خام) توسط کنجاله گوار (GM) بر کینتیک گاز تولیدی، میزان هضم و ویژگیهای تخمیر شکمبهای یک جیره پرواری برای برهها بود. سه آزمایش انجام گرفت. هدف از آزمایش اول با استفاده از انکوباسیونهای 144 ساعته، تعیین مقایسه­ای کینتیک گاز تولیدی توسط SBM و GM بود. همچنین کینتیک گاز تولیدی و قابلیت هضم و تخمیر شکمبهای جیره پرواری، حاوی نسبتهای مختلف GM و GM به ترتیب با استفاده از انکوباسیونهای 144 و 24 ساعته در آزمایشهای دوم و آخر مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج آزمایش اول نشان داد که حداکثر گاز تولیدی (a)، مدت زمانیکه که نصف گاز حداکثری (T1/2) تولید میشود و انرژی متابولیسمی (ME) در SBM بالاتر، و نرخ تولید گاز (µ) پایینتر از GM میباشد (001/0P<). در دومین آزمایش کینتیک، جایگزینی SBM با GM در هیچکدام از سطوح، تأثیری بر کینتیک گاز تولیدی جیره پرواری نداشت (05/0<P). با اینحال در آزمایش آخر گاز تولیدی بعد از 24 ساعت (GP24)، قابلیت هضم آزمایشگاهی مادۀ خشک (IVTDMD)، قابلیت هضم آزمایشگاهی مادۀ آلی (IVTOMD)، فاکتور تفکیک (PF)، توده میکروبی تولیدی (MBP) و غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرار تام (TVFA) در جیره D2 در مقایسه با جیرههای D1 و D4 افزایش یافت. غلظت آمونیاک در جیرههای D2 و D3 در مقایسه با D4 کاهش یافت (05/0P<)، با این وجود الگوی اسیدهای چرب فرار تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت (05/0<P). این نتایج نشان دادند که پروتئین SBM میتواند تا 67 درصد توسط پروتئین GM جایگزین گردد، اما 33 درصد جایگزینی، با توجه به اثرات مفید آن بر قابلیت هضم و تخمیر شکمبهای توصیه می­گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
425 - Factors Associated with Negative Energy Balance and Its Effect on Behavior and Production Performance of Dairy Cows: A Review
A.K. Singh C. Bhakat D.K. Mandal A. Mandal A. Chatterjee M.K. Ghosh T.K. Dutta M. Karunakaran -
Open Access Article
426 - اثر قطع دنبه بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی گوسفندان نژاد قزل و مهربان
هـ آتشی ج. ایزدی فردبرای ارزیابی اثر قطع دنبه بر عملکرد تولید­مثلی، از 154 بره­ ماده از نژادهای قزل (78) و مهربان (76) استفاده شد. دو روز دوم پس از تولد با استفاده از حلقه­های لاستیکی دنبه­ 36 بره از نژاد قزل و 28 بره از نژاد مهربان قطع شد و عملکرد تولید­مثلی بره­ها Moreبرای ارزیابی اثر قطع دنبه بر عملکرد تولید­مثلی، از 154 بره­ ماده از نژادهای قزل (78) و مهربان (76) استفاده شد. دو روز دوم پس از تولد با استفاده از حلقه­های لاستیکی دنبه­ 36 بره از نژاد قزل و 28 بره از نژاد مهربان قطع شد و عملکرد تولید­مثلی بره­ها در سه دوره­ زایش اندازه­گیری شد. اثر قطع دنبه بر باروری (نسبت میش­های زایمان کرده به کل میش­ها) و دوقلوزایی (تعداد بره متولد شده به ازای هر زایش) با روش رگرسیون لجستیک چند متغیره بررسی شد. در مدل آماری استفاده شده اثر متقابل قطع دنبه و نژاد، اثر ثابت شکم زایش و اثر تصادفی میش گنجانده شد. اثر قطع دنبه بر وزن تولد و وزن از شیرگیری فرزندان با استفاده از یک مدل مختلط چند متغیره بررسی شد. در این مدل، اثر متقابل قطع دنبه و نژاد، اثرهای ثابت شکم زایش، جنس بره و دوقلوزایی و اثر تصادفی میش گنجانده شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل قطع دنبه و نژاد و اثر شکم زایش بر باروری معنی­دار بود. قطع دنبه بر باروری میش­های نژاد قزل اثر معنی­دار کاهنده داشت، اما بر باروری میش­های نژاد مهربان اثر نداشت. همچنین قطع دنبه بر دوقلوزایی، وزن تولد و وزن از شیرگیری فرزندان اثر نداشت. Manuscript profile -
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427 - Investigation of the Nutritional Potential of some Rangeland Plants Species by in vitro Gas Production and Fermentation Parameters in Torbat-e Jam, Iran: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression
E. Ibrahimi Khoram Abadi M. Kazemi -
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428 - The Impact of Bentonite Feed Additives on Laying Hens Performance and Egg Quality: A Meta Analysis
A. Darmawan E. Ozturk -
Open Access Article
429 - آنالیز ژنتیکی صفات تولیدمثلی میشها در گوسفندان بلوچی
م. جعفراوغلی ع. صفری ع.ا. شادپرور ن. قوی حسین-زادهمطالعه حاضر برای برآورد اجزای (کو)واریانس و پارامترهای ژنتیکی تعدادی از صفات تولیدمثلی میش­های نژاد بلوچی انجام شد. داده­های مورد بررسی در طول 31 سال (2014-1984) در ایستگاه اصلاح نژاد گوسفند بلوچی که در شمال شرقی خراسان قرار دارد، جمعآوری شده بود. تعداد 14030 ر Moreمطالعه حاضر برای برآورد اجزای (کو)واریانس و پارامترهای ژنتیکی تعدادی از صفات تولیدمثلی میش­های نژاد بلوچی انجام شد. داده­های مورد بررسی در طول 31 سال (2014-1984) در ایستگاه اصلاح نژاد گوسفند بلوچی که در شمال شرقی خراسان قرار دارد، جمعآوری شده بود. تعداد 14030 رکورد بره و 4371 رکورد میش مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. صفات مورد بررسی شامل؛ تعداد بره­های بدنیا آمده (LSB)، تعداد بره­های از شیرگیری شده (LSW)، میانگین وزن بره­های بدنیا آمده (LMWLB)، میانگین وزن بره­های از شیرگیری شده (LMWLW) به ازای هر رأس میش به عنوان صفات اصلی و صفات مجموع وزن بره­های بدنیا آمده (TLWB) و مجموع وزن بره­های از شیرگیری شده (TLWW) به ازای هر رأس میش به عنوان صفات ترکیبی بودند. ارزیابی ژنتیکی به روش REML تحت مدل حیوان انجام شد. مقادیر وراثت پذیری LSB، LSW، LMWLB، LMWLW، TLWB و TLWW به ترتیب 10/0، 08/0، 13/0، 07/0، 12/0 و 05/0 و تکرارپذیری به ترتیب 18/0، 17/0، 19/0، 15/0، 18/0 و 15/0 برآورد گردید. همبستگی ژنتیکی صفات مورد بررسی از 52/0- بین LSW و LMWLB تا 99/0 بین TLWB و TLWW متغیر بود. همبستگی­های فنوتیپی و محیطی برآورد شده به مراتب کمتر از مقادیر ژنتیکی بودند. اگرچه همبستگی ژنتیکی مستقیم کمتری برای صفات تولیدمثلی برآورد شد اما تمایل بسیاری برای قرار دادن در معیار انتخاب و بهبود ژنتیکی صفات تولیدمثلی وجود دارد. Manuscript profile -
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430 - چالشهای بالقوه در پرورش طیور ارگانیک در نیجریه: مقاله مروری
او.اس. اددجی تی.کا. اوگانسینا آ.او. آکین وومی اس.آ. آمن او.او. اوجبییی ج.آ. آکیندالااین مقاله مشکلاتی را که ممکن است مانع اجرای پرورش طیور ارگانیک شوند بررسی میکند. عوامل مورد بررسی شامل ریسک ابتلا به بیماریهایی مانند کوکسیدیوز و نیوکاسل، پیشگیری از بیماریها و کنترل سلامت گله، آلودگی به بیماریها در زمان شیوع، خرید زمین (سیستم مالکیت زمین)، اقتصاد ب Moreاین مقاله مشکلاتی را که ممکن است مانع اجرای پرورش طیور ارگانیک شوند بررسی میکند. عوامل مورد بررسی شامل ریسک ابتلا به بیماریهایی مانند کوکسیدیوز و نیوکاسل، پیشگیری از بیماریها و کنترل سلامت گله، آلودگی به بیماریها در زمان شیوع، خرید زمین (سیستم مالکیت زمین)، اقتصاد بازار و نسبت سود و زیان، مدیریت مرتع، تمایل یا عدم تمایل به تغییر، نبود اقلام اولیه ارگانیک، پرکنی، کمبود اسیدهای آمینه در جیرهها، قوانین و مقررات، وابستگی شدید کشاورزان به کود، نسبت پایین افراد دامپزشک به دامداران و ضعف خدمات توسعه دامپروری میباشند. Manuscript profile -
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431 - اثر تانن استخراجی از محصول فرعی پوسته پسته بر میزان تولید گاز و فراسنجههای برآورد شده
ام. شریفی آ.آ. ناصریان اچ. خراسانیاین مطالعه بهمنظور بررسی اثرات عملآوری مکملهای پروتئینی با عصاره تانن استخراجی از محصول فرعی پسته بر میزان تولید گاز و فراسنجههای برآوردی انجام گرفت. یک نسبت از پوسته پسته با چهار نسبت از آب به مدت 48 ساعت مخلوط گردید. عصاره بهدستآمده بر روی کنجاله سویا و کنجاله ک Moreاین مطالعه بهمنظور بررسی اثرات عملآوری مکملهای پروتئینی با عصاره تانن استخراجی از محصول فرعی پسته بر میزان تولید گاز و فراسنجههای برآوردی انجام گرفت. یک نسبت از پوسته پسته با چهار نسبت از آب به مدت 48 ساعت مخلوط گردید. عصاره بهدستآمده بر روی کنجاله سویا و کنجاله کانولا با نسبت یک به یک افشانه گردید (v/w 1:1)، سپس در سایه خشک گردید. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 1) جیره بر پایه کنجاله سویا، 2) جیره بر پایه کنجاله سویا عملآوریشده با تانن، 3) جیره بر پایه کنجاله کانولا و 4) جیره بر پایه کنجاله کانولا عملآوری شده با تانن بودند. کنیتیک تولید گاز با استفاده از مدل نمایی برازش داده شد. پس از 48 ساعت انکوباسیون، مقداری از مایع هر سرنگ برای تعیین غلظت ازت آمونیاکی با استفاده از روش تقطیر مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج بهدستآمده از این مطالعه نشان داد که افشاندن عصاره تانن بر روی منبع پروتئینی سبب افزایش تانن بهترتیب بهمیزان 4/4 و 13/3 در کنجاله کانولا و کنجاله سویا میشود. اگرچه میزان تولید گاز، بخش b و بخش c با عملآوری مکملآوری پروتئینی نسبت به مکمل پروتئینی عملآوری نشده کاهش یافت، اما این کاهش معنیدار نبود. اثر عصاره تانن بر روی میزان ازت آمونیاکی معنیدار بود (05/0P<). میزان ازت آمونیاکی برای مکمل سویا که دارای کمترین میزان تانن بود بیشترین و و برای کنجاله عملآوری شده با تانن که دارای بیشترین میزان تانن بود کمترین بود. قابلیت هضم ماده آلی، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و اسیدهای چرب کوتاه زنجیر با عصاره تانن به طور معنیداری کاهش یافت. کنجاله سویا عملآوری نشده دارای بیشترین و کنجاله کانولا عملآوری شده دارای کمترین میزان قابلیت هضم ماده آلی، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و اسیدهای چرب کوتاه زنجیر بود. بنابراین عملآوری مکملهای پروتئینی با عصاره تانن میزان تولید گاز و فراسنجههای برآورد شده را کاهش میدهد. Manuscript profile -
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432 - تأثیرات جاذبهای مختلف سموم بر میزان دیازینون باقیمانده در تفاله انگور سفید، تولید و ترکیب شیر و بقایای سم در بزهای شیرده مهابادی
ب. پورمحمود ر. پیرمحمدی ح. خلیلوندی بهروزیارامروزه تحقیقات نشان می‏دهد که بهترین و در عین حال باصرفهترین شیوه کاهش بروز اختلالات مربوط به سموم دفع آفات و یا جلوگیری از انتقال این سموم به شیر و سایر فرآورده‏های دامی، استفاده از مواد جاذب و یا مواد باندکننده است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیرگذاری جاذب&r Moreامروزه تحقیقات نشان می‏دهد که بهترین و در عین حال باصرفهترین شیوه کاهش بروز اختلالات مربوط به سموم دفع آفات و یا جلوگیری از انتقال این سموم به شیر و سایر فرآورده‏های دامی، استفاده از مواد جاذب و یا مواد باندکننده است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیرگذاری جاذب‏های مختلف سموم (مایکوفیکس پلاس-بیوتوکس-بیو‏اسید) بر میزان سم دیازینون باقیمانده در تفاله انگور و اثرات آنها بر تولید و ترکیب شیر و بقایای سم در شیر انجام گرفت. در این مطالعه از 20 رأس بز شیرده نژاد مهابادی با 4 تیمار آزمایشی و 5 تکرار در قالب طرح آماری کاملاً تصادفی استفاده شد. میزان تولید شیر به صورت معنیداری تحت تأثیر جاذب‏های بیوتوکس و مایکوفیکس پلاس قرار گرفت (05/0P<). جاذب‏ها نقش مثبت و معنی‏داری در کاهش سم دیازینون خوراک داشتند (05/0P<). در عین حال جاذب بیوتوکس در جیره‏های غذایی با سطوح بالای تفاله انگور بیشترین کاهش سم دیازینون را داشت. میزان سم دیازینون انتقالیافته به شیر تحت تأثیر تیمار بیوتوکس و بیو‏اسید کاهش معنی‏داری داشت (05/0P<) و کمتر از استاندارد بینالمللی باقیمانده دیازینون در شیر بود.به طورکلی نتایج نشان داد که ترکیبات جاذب سموم در جیره‏های دارای سطوح بالای تفاله انگور مقادیر سم دیازینون را کاهش داده و علاوه بر تضمین سلامتی و افزایش کارایی تولید شیر، سبب تولید محصول سالم‏تری می‏گردد. در این تحقیق بیشترین تأثیر در کاهش دیازینون باقیمانده در شیر در جاذب بیوتوکس و بیواسید بود. Manuscript profile -
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433 - Behaviour of Cows in the Milking Parlour and Its Relationship with Milk Production and Type of Na
I. Polupan V. Siriak R. Stavetska O. Babenko M.R. Mohammadabadi -
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434 - اثرات سطوح استفاده از پودر ضایعات ماهی در جیرههای مرغهای تخمگذار لگهورن روی فراسنجهها، قابلیت جوجه درآوری، بازده اقتصادی، تولید تخم مرغ و کیفیت تخم مرغ
آ. آلمایهو م. یورج آ. گتواین مطالعه در مرزعه طیور دانشگاه حرامایا برای ارزیابی استفاده از پودر ضایعات ماهی در جیره مرغ­های تخمگذار لگهورن سفید روی عملکرد، قابلیت جوجه ­درآوری، کیفیت تخم ­مرغ، طعم و بوی و سودآوری جوجه­ها انجام شد. یکصد و هشتاد جوجه در 5 ماهگی به­ طور تصادفی ب Moreاین مطالعه در مرزعه طیور دانشگاه حرامایا برای ارزیابی استفاده از پودر ضایعات ماهی در جیره مرغ­های تخمگذار لگهورن سفید روی عملکرد، قابلیت جوجه ­درآوری، کیفیت تخم ­مرغ، طعم و بوی و سودآوری جوجه­ها انجام شد. یکصد و هشتاد جوجه در 5 ماهگی به­ طور تصادفی با 15 قطعه مرغ در واحدهای آزمایشی توزیع شدند. واحدهای آزمایشی به ­طور تصادفی با سه تکرار به هر یک از چهار تیمار آزمایشی اختصاص یافتند. در طی 90 روز مصرف ماده خشک، عملکرد تخمگذاری و کیفیت تخم ­مرغ در جوجه­های تغذیه شده با :T1 جیره­های معمول مرغان تخمگذار (کنترل)، :T25 درصد ضایعات + 10 درصد کنحاله سویا + 16 درصد خرده­های گندم + 17 درصد کیکدانهبادام، :T3 10 درصد ضایعات + 5 درصد کنحاله سویا + 8 درصد خرده­های گندم + 8/16 درصد کیکدانهبادام و :T4 15 درصد ضایعات + 0 درصد کنجاله سویا + 6 درصد خردههای گندم + 7/16 درصد کیک دانه باداممورد اندازه­گیری قرار گرفتند. تجزیه شیمیایی پودر ضایعات نشان داد که محتوای پروتیین خام آن 2/41 و انرژی متابولیسمی 04/2982 کیلوکالری بر کیلوگرم بود. ماده خشک مصرفی ](6/88، 1/90، 1/89 و 2/89 (81/2=SEM) گرم برای T1، T2، T3 و T4)[ از نظر آماری تفاوت معنی ­داری بین تیمارهای آزمایشی نشان نداد. متوسط افزایش وزن روزانه بدن برای تیمارهای T2 و T4 در مقایسه با تیمار T3 معنی ­دار بود. تولید روز مرغ ](8/47، 9/54، 1/58 و 8/53 درصد (32/1=SEM)[، توده تخم مرغ تولیدی ](23، 8/28، 1/27 و 8/26 گرم (73/0=SEM)[ به ترتیب برای T1، T2، T3 و T4به طور معنی ­داری در جیره­های تغذیه شده با ضایعات در مقایسه با گروه کنترل بالاتر بود. راندمان استفاده از خوراک ](26/0، 3/0، 3/0 و 3/3 (007/0=SEM) به ترتیب برای T1، T2، T3 و [T4 در گروه­های تغدیه شده با ضایعات پودر ماهی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل بالاتر بود. تخم­های حاصل از مرغان تغذیه شده با جیره­های حاوی 10 و 15 درصد ضایعات دارای طعم و بوی ملایم ماهی در مقایسه با جیره کنترل و T2 بودند. نتیجه حاصل از آنالیز بودجه­بندی جزئی مشخص نمود که بازده اقتصادی بیشتر تولید تخم ­مرغ در جیره­های حاوی ضایعات مربوط به هزینه بالای کنجاله سویا در مقایسه با ضایعات و همچنین راندمان بهتر استفاده از خوراک حاوی ضایعات بود. بنابراین، استفاده از ضایعات پودر ماهی عملکرد تولید و سودآوری را بهبود ولی در سطوح بالاتر از 5 درصد سبب ایجاد طعم و بوی ملایم ماهی شد. Manuscript profile -
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435 - تأثیر مصرف خوراکی کولین محافظت شده و ویتامین E بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی و وزن بدن در گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی
M. Rahmani M. Dehghan-Banadaky R. Kamalyanبه منظور بررسی اثرات مصرف کولین محافظت شده یا ویتامین E بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی و وزن بدن در گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی، تعداد 24 رأس گاو هلشتاین یک شکمزا و چند شکمزا که در هفته پنجم شیردهی قرار داشتند، به مدت چهار هفته مورد آزمایش ق Moreبه منظور بررسی اثرات مصرف کولین محافظت شده یا ویتامین E بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی و وزن بدن در گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی، تعداد 24 رأس گاو هلشتاین یک شکمزا و چند شکمزا که در هفته پنجم شیردهی قرار داشتند، به مدت چهار هفته مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. گاوها به طور تصادفی به یکی از گروههای زیر اختصاص یافتند: I- بدون دریافت مکمل (شاهد) II- دریافت کننده کولین محافظت شده (90 گرم در روز) و III- دریافت کننده ویتامین E (4400 واحد بین المللی در روز). در این مطالعه، مصرف کولین یا ویتامین E بر ماده خشک مصرفی، وزن بدن، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی، تولید شیر، درصد و محصول اجزای تشکیل دهنده شیر به غیر از درصد مواد جامد بدون چربی در گروه کولین، تأثیری نداشت (05/0P>). مصرف کولین محافظت شده سبب افزایش درصد مواد جامد بدون چربی شیر در مقایسه با گروه شاهد و گروه ویتامین E گردید (05/0>P). نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که مصرف کولین یا ویتامین E در جیره گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی تأثیری بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، وضعیت شرایط بدنی و وزن بدن نداشت. Manuscript profile -
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436 - ارزیابی پتانسیل پروبیوتیکی برخی سویههای بومی لاکتوباسیلوس بر عملکرد تخمگذاری و پارامترهای کیفی تخم بلدرچین ژاپنی
س.ع. سیادتی ی. ابراهیم نژاد غ. صالحی جوزانی ج. شایقهدف از این تحقیق ارزیابی تأثیر غلظتهای مختلف چهار سویه بومی لاکتوباسیلوس بر عملکرد تخمگذاری و کیفیت تخم بلدرچین بود. برای انجام این تحقیق، شش هفته آزمایشات فارمی در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار، 7 تیمار و 8 قطعه بلدرچین به ازای هر تکرار بر روی 224 قطعه بلدر Moreهدف از این تحقیق ارزیابی تأثیر غلظتهای مختلف چهار سویه بومی لاکتوباسیلوس بر عملکرد تخمگذاری و کیفیت تخم بلدرچین بود. برای انجام این تحقیق، شش هفته آزمایشات فارمی در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار، 7 تیمار و 8 قطعه بلدرچین به ازای هر تکرار بر روی 224 قطعه بلدرچین انجام شد. چهار سویه بومی لاکتوباسیلوس که قبلاً پتانسیل پروبیوتیکی آنها در شرایط آزمایشگاهی ثابت شده بود در یک فرمانتور 10 لیتری کشت و سپس لیوفلیزه شدند (CFU/g 1010). تیمارها شامل: تیمار 1) شاهد (جیره پایه بدون پروبیوتیک)، تیمار 2) جیره پایه + پریمالاک (454 گرم/تن)، تیمار 3) جیره پایه + پروتکسین (50 گرم/تن) و تیمارهای 4، 5، 6 و 7 به ترتیب دارای 50، 100، 150 و 200 گرم از مخلوط چهار سویه بومی پروبیوتیک به ازای هر تن جیره غذایی بودند. سویههای بومی و پروبیوتیک تجاری پروتکسین توانستند به طور معنیداری درصد تولید، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و توده تخم را در طول دوره تخمگذاری بهبود ببخشند (P<0.05)، در حالیکه هیچ تأثیر معنیداری بر روی مصرف خوراک و وزن تخم مشاهده نشد (P>0.05). تیمارهای حاوی پروبیوتیک دارای تأثیر مثبت معنیداری بر روی ارتفاع سفیده تخم، واحد هاو و واحد کیفیت داخلی تخم بودند (P<0.05)، در حالیکه هیچ اختلاف معنیداری در بین تیمارها در خصوص صفات وزن پوسته، وزن زرده و وزن سفیده تخم بلدرچینها مشاهده نشد (P>0.05). در انتها میتوان نتیجه گرفت که استفاده از سویههای بومی لاکتوباسیلوس (50 گرم به ازای هر تن جیره) عملکرد تخمگذاری (درصد تولید تخم، توده تخم و ضریب تبدیل غذایی) و پارامترهای کیفی تخم بلدرچین (واحد هاو و واحد کیفیت داخلی) را بهبود بخشیدند. Manuscript profile -
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437 - اثر جایگزینی تفاله سیاه دانه (Guzoitia abyssinica) با سطوح متفاوتی از کنجاله برگ چای (Urtica simensis) رو تولید تخم مرغ و پارامترهای کیفیت تخم مرغ مرغهای تخمگذار تجاری
آ. ملسه جی. گانبو آ. آبباثر جایگزینی تفاله سیاه دانه (Guzoitia abyssinica) با کنجاله برگ چای (Urtica simensis) (SLM) روی تولید تخم مرغ و پارامترهای کیفیت تخم مرغ در مرغهای تخمگذار تجاری بررسی شد. پنج تیمار جیرهای (T) برای محتوی SLM در 0 درصد (T1)، 3 درصد (T2)، 6 درصد (T3)، 9 درصد (T4) و 12 Moreاثر جایگزینی تفاله سیاه دانه (Guzoitia abyssinica) با کنجاله برگ چای (Urtica simensis) (SLM) روی تولید تخم مرغ و پارامترهای کیفیت تخم مرغ در مرغهای تخمگذار تجاری بررسی شد. پنج تیمار جیرهای (T) برای محتوی SLM در 0 درصد (T1)، 3 درصد (T2)، 6 درصد (T3)، 9 درصد (T4) و 12 درصد (T5) با جایگزینی تفاله سیاه دانه فرموله شدند. 155 پولت تخمگذار Brown به طور تصادفی به تیمارهای جیرهای اختصاص یافتند، با 3 تکرار هرکدام شامل 10 مرغ. نتایج نشان دادند که خوراک مصرفی در میان تیمارهای جیرهای متفاوت نبود. وزن بدن نهایی (g) فردی مرغها در T1، T2، T3، T4 و T5 به ترتیب 1786، 1804، 1804، 1819 و 1858 بود، با بالاترین مقدار (05/0P<) برای T5. میانگین وزن تخم مرغ (g) مرغها تغذیه شده با جیرههای T1، T2، T3، T4 و T5 به ترتیب 45، 2/47، 9/48، 5/53 و 5/55 بود، با تفاوت (05/0P<) برای T4 و T5. تولید تخم مرغ در لانه (درصد) برای مرغهای تغذیه شده با جیرههای T1، T2، T3، T4 و T5 به ترتیب 3/44، 5/49، 4/59، 9/70 و 5/80 درصد بودند و از یکدیگر تفاوت داشتند (05/0P<). میزان تولید تخم مرغ روزانه فرد مربوطه (g) در مرغهای تغذیه شده با جیرههای T1، T2، T3، T4 و T5 به ترتیب 20، 4/23، 1/29، 9/37 و 7/44 بود، با تفاوت در هر گروه (05/0P<). ضریب تبدیل خوراک (کیلوگرم خوراک/کیلوگرم توده تخم مرغ) به ترتیب 50/5، 18/4، 55/3، 83/2 و 40/2 برای مرغهای پرورش داده شده در T1، T2، T3، T4 و T5 بود و برای تیمارهای T4 و T5 پایینترین بود (05/0P<). مرغهای تغذیه شده با جیرههای T3، T4 و T5 ضخامت پوسته بالاتری (05/0P<) نسبت به T1 و T2 داشتند. شاخص زرده برای مرغهای پرورش در T5 نسبت به جیرههای T1 و T3 بالاتر بود (05/0P<). در نتیجهگیری، جایگزینی تفاله سیاه دانه با SLM تولید تخم مرغ و بیشتر پارامترهای کیفیت تخم مرغ را بهبود داد. ما تحقیقات بیشتری برای تأیید تأثیر برگ چای بر کلسترول تام و غلظت تری گلیسیرید زرده و گوشت توصیه میکنیم. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
438 - Reproductive and Lactation Characteristics of West African Dwarf Goats Offered Moringa oleifera Herbage Supplement
O.T. Ojoawo J.A. Akinlade A.A. Akingbade O.A. Aderinola D.O. Okunlola -
Open Access Article
439 - ارتباط بین ژنوتیپهای ژن DGAT1 و ارزش ارثی صفات تولید شیر در گاوهای نر هلشتاین ایرانی
م. حسین پور مشهدی م. نصیری ن. امام جمعه کاشان ر. واعظ ترشیزیهدف از انجام این تحقیق بررسی اثر ژنوتیپهای ژن DGAT1 بر ارزش ارثی صفات تولید شیر گاوهای نر هلشتاین ایرانی بود. برای این منظور از تعداد 103 نمونه اسپرم گاوهای نر پروف شده جهت تعیین ژنوتیپ ناحیه خاص از ژن DGAT1 استفاده شد. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل مقدار شیر (MY)، مقدار Moreهدف از انجام این تحقیق بررسی اثر ژنوتیپهای ژن DGAT1 بر ارزش ارثی صفات تولید شیر گاوهای نر هلشتاین ایرانی بود. برای این منظور از تعداد 103 نمونه اسپرم گاوهای نر پروف شده جهت تعیین ژنوتیپ ناحیه خاص از ژن DGAT1 استفاده شد. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل مقدار شیر (MY)، مقدار چربی (FY) و مقدار پروتئین (PY)، درصد چربی (FP) و درصد پروتئین (PP) بود. رکوردهای اولین دوره شیردهی 43044 رأس گاو شیری از سال 2000 تا 2007 برای برآورد ارزشهای ارثی استفاده شد. روش PCR-RFLP برای تعیین ژنوتیپ ژن DGAT1 استفاده شد. برای برآورد فراوانیهای آللی و ژنوتیپی و بررسی تعادل هاردی واینبرگ با آزمون کای مربع از نرمافزار PoP-Gen استفاده شد. پارامترهای ژنوتیپی و فنوتیپی برای صفات مورد مطالعه با روش REML و مدل دام با نرمافزار DFREML برآورد شد. ارزش ارثی حیوانات با روش BLUP برآورد شد. اثر ژنوتیپهای 97 رأس از 103 راس گاوهای نر پروف شده بر روی ارزش ارثی صفات تولید شیر با رویه GLM نرمافزار (1/9) SASبررسی شد. میانگین ارزش ارثی گاوهای نر پروف شده با ژنوتیپهای مختلف با آزمون دانکن بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که فراوانی ژنوتیپها ی KK، KA وAA بهترتیب 592/0، 408/0 و صفر بود و فراوانیهای آللی برای آلل K ، 7961/0 و آلل A، 2039/0 بود . ژنوتیپ KK با روش تعیین توالی تأیید شد و آلل K با طول 411 جفت باز در بانک جهانی ژن (NCBI) با شماره ثبت EU077528 ثبت شد. وراثتپذیری برای صفات مقدار شیر: (02/0) 35/0، مقدار چربی: (02/0) 33/0، مقدار پروتئین: (017/0) 31/0، درصد چربی شیر: (02/0) 28/0 و درصد پروتئین: (016/0) 27/0 برآورد شد. میانگین ارزش ارثی برای مقدار شیر: (8/28) 2/180، مقدار چربی: (26/1) 7/3، مقدار پروتئین: (06/1) 3/2، درصد چربی شیر: (014/0) 036/0- و درصد پروتئین: (01/0) 03/0- تخمین زده شد. میانگین ارزش ارثی مقدار شیر برای ژنوتیپهای KA و KK بهترتیب 8/288 و 6/109 بود که تفاوت آنها معنیدار بود (05/0P<). میانگین ارزش ارثی گاوهای نر با ژنوتیپ KK وKA برای مقدار چربی 6/5 و 91/0 کیلوگرم بود (05/0P>). میانگین ارزش ارثی برای مقدار پروتئین در دو ژنوتیپ KA و KK 025/0 و 5/5 کیلوگرم بود (05/0P<). تفاوت بین میانگین ارزشهای ارثی برای درصد چربی و درصد پروتئین بین دوژنوتیپ معنیدار بود، این مقادیر برای ژنوتیپ های KK و KA برای درصد چربی شیر: 009/0- و 067/0 درصد و برای درصد پروتئین: 016/0- و 059/0- درصد بود (05/0P>). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
440 - Incidence, Production and Economic Losses of Clinical Mastitis in Egyptian Holstein Cows
ام.اس. ال-ترابانی ام.آ. علی -
Open Access Article
441 - Searching for Possible Association between Six Microsatellite Markers and Suppression of Mite Reproduction (SMR) Trait in Honey Bees
M. Elmi S.A. Rafat S. Alijani A. Javanmard G. Elyasi V. Danesh S. Shirmohammadi L. Ahmadzadeh-Gavahan -
Open Access Article
442 - ارزیابی عملکرد تخمگذاری و خصوصیات کیفی تخم مرغان بومی پرورش یافته در مناطق روستایی استان اصفهان
ع.ع قیصری ق. مقصودی نژاد ع. آذربایجانیآزمایش حاضر به منظور بررسی عملکرد تولیدی و خصوصیات کیفی تخم مرغان بومی پرورش یافته در نواحی روستایی دو اقلیم مختلف در استان اصفهان انجام شد. به طور کلی تعداد 2160 قطعه جوجه بومی در این تحقیق مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. دو ناحیه اقلیمی (سرد و گرم) در استان اصفهان تعیین شد و Moreآزمایش حاضر به منظور بررسی عملکرد تولیدی و خصوصیات کیفی تخم مرغان بومی پرورش یافته در نواحی روستایی دو اقلیم مختلف در استان اصفهان انجام شد. به طور کلی تعداد 2160 قطعه جوجه بومی در این تحقیق مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. دو ناحیه اقلیمی (سرد و گرم) در استان اصفهان تعیین شد و در هر اقلیم دو شهر و در هر شهر سه روستا مورد انتخاب قرار گرفتند. چادگان و کاشان به عنوان شهرهای اقلیم سرد و کاشان و ورزنه به عنوان شهرهای اقلیم گرم درنظر گرفته شدند. در هر روستا شش خانواده به عنوان واحد آزمایشی انتخاب (مجموعا 72 خانواده) وتعداد 36 قطعه مرغ و 4 قطعه خروس بومی 45 روزه به هر خانواده تحویل داده شد. عملکرد تخمگذاری جوجه­ها در طول دوره تخمگذاری (21 تا 72 هفتگی) رکوردبرداری و خصوصیات کیفی تخم مرغ­ها هر دو ماه یک بار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج آزمایش حاضر نشان داد، اگر چه اقلیم بر تولید تخم مرغ طی دوره­های 25 تا 32 و 57 تا 64 هفتگی تأثیرگذار بود (05/0P<) ولی بر میانگین تولید در کل دوره تخمگذاری تأثیری نداشت. کمترین میزان تولید تخم مرغ در چادگان مشاهده شد (9/25 درصد) که به طور معنی­داری کمتر از ورزنه (9/35 درصد) و خوانسار (5/37 درصد) بود (05/0P<). علاوه بر این، شاخص­های کیفی پوسته در اقلیم سرد به طور معنی­داری بهتر از اقلیم گرم بود (05/0P<). بالاترین میزان ضخامت پوسته و نسبت ضخامت پوسته به وزن تخم مرغ در میان چهار شهر مورد آزمایش مربوط به چادگان بود (05/0P<). علاوه بر این، شاخص رنگ زرده در اقلیم گرم به طور معنی­داری نسبت به اقلیم سرد بهبود یافت (05/0P<). به طور کلی، خصوصیات کیفی تخم مرغ تحت تأثیر تغییرات اقلیمی قرار گرفت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
443 - Presenting a model based on factors affecting sustainable production according to the systems dynamics approach in the heavy vehicle industry
Ardalan Hosseini Hasan Mehrrmanesh Ahmad Reza KasraeiIn the current competitive environment, it is very important to produce and present products of interest to customers in the market so that companies can compete with foreign and domestic competitors, which requires choosing and implementing a suitable and valuable prod MoreIn the current competitive environment, it is very important to produce and present products of interest to customers in the market so that companies can compete with foreign and domestic competitors, which requires choosing and implementing a suitable and valuable production strategy in order to gain an advantage. It is competitive and more important to make it stable. The aim of the current research is to present a model based on factors affecting sustainable production in the heavy vehicle industry. The mentioned research is descriptive-analytical in terms of the basic purpose and in terms of the research method, and the data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. In this research, the statistical population is the managers and experts of one of the factories in the heavy automotive industry (Iran Khodrodiesel) and the sample number of 31 people was selected by snowball. In carrying out the simulations of the present research with Vensim software, a time horizon of 5 months was considered and the quantitative values and relationships between the variables were determined using a semi-structured interview. In this research, the model based on the factors affecting sustainable production with the systems dynamics approach, including numerous components and indicators, has been displayed in a tree diagram, with the four factors of sustainable supply, lean production, agile production, and production resilience, respectively. They have the most positive impact on the development of sustainable production in the heavy vehicle industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
444 - Presenting a multi-objective mathematical model integrating production scheduling and maintenance considering the limited access to production resources in conditions of uncertainty and optimization with multi-objective genetic algorithm
محمد شریف زادگان محمدرضا حیدری کورش پوری عادل پورقادر چوبر میلاد ابوالقاسمیانIn production and industrial systems, the integrated planning of production and operations is very important. Responding quickly to the needs of customers, diversity, reliability and cost of equipment and machines, due to the extensive limitations in production resource MoreIn production and industrial systems, the integrated planning of production and operations is very important. Responding quickly to the needs of customers, diversity, reliability and cost of equipment and machines, due to the extensive limitations in production resources, competitiveness and gaining market share in conditions of uncertainty, there is a need to plan the units. be done in an integrated manner. In most of the production units, effective information is at an unfavorable level of coordination and exchange with other activities. The result of such activities is nothing but a waste of resources and the emergence of an insular culture in the organization. Therefore, in this research, a MIP mathematical model was modeled in line with the planning of production, maintenance in Maron Company. The objectives of the proposed model are to minimize production costs and maintenance costs with limited production resources. dependents such as maintenance) was used by the innovative method of genetics. The results of the modeling evaluation showed that the detailed and ultra-innovative solution provided has improved the company's production by more than 7%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
445 - The role of Azolla on improving nitrogen efficiency in rice cultivation
Etty Safriyani Mery Hasmeda Munandar Munandar Firdaus Sulaiman Holidi Holidi Kartika Kartika -
Open Access Article
446 - Towards a Balance of Power Distribution Among Urban Space Production Actors Development of PIUS theory(Model of People-Space-Government Participation)
Nayyer Farabiasl Mojtaba Rafieian Mohammadreza KhatibiIntroduction The development of the city to produce urban spaces and both are intertwined with the issue of power. Power structures and processes often lead to the gradual elimination of disorganized groups and interests in favor of organized and resource-dominated grou MoreIntroduction The development of the city to produce urban spaces and both are intertwined with the issue of power. Power structures and processes often lead to the gradual elimination of disorganized groups and interests in favor of organized and resource-dominated groups and interests. The pressure of the powers that be is problematic and the vacuum of the powers that are not causes imbalances in society. Analyzing these power relations helps urban decision-makers to find better solutions to urban problems.Methodology The actors of the production of the desired urban space have been identified through semi-structured interviews with the method of snowball sampling to reach the experts of the target community of the research, as well as frequent field observations and documentary review to complete and verify. Then, the power relations between these actors were measured and analyzed through the flow analysis method using Ucinet software and the power of the actors was measured and analyzed through the interaction analysis method using MicMac software.Geographical area of research The study area is a unique and highly populated urban space of Abbasabad lands with an area of 554 hectares is located in the central part of Tehran metropolis.Results and discussion The output of software analysis and analysis of the results obtained a level of communication and power of actors in the production of urban space in Abbasabad, which showed that there is no balance in the power of actors and citizens are at the lowest level of influence and role and influence in none They did not participate in the preparation, approval and implementation of the plan, and the independent private sector is not present in this process.. Conclusion Among the innovations of this research: 1- Using two softwares, MacMac and Ucinet, to identify and analyze the power of urban space production actors in a study sample. 2- In the field of developing the existing knowledge in urban planning, in order to make the production of urban spaces more citizen-oriented, using the latest ideas of thinkers in the field of urban planning and power, proposing the "government-space-people" model and forming a "public institution of spacemen" Urban "(executive-operational) and the presentation of the PIUS theory is proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
447 - Effective factors of participation members of rural coopratives companies in Tehran (case study Shahriar city)
Saeid Zargarani Vahid Riahi hassan afrakhtehEffective Factors in the Cooperation of Villagers in Rural Cooperative Companies in Tehran (Case study: Shariar city)AbstractIntroduction: Cooperatives as an organization are a system for movement and coordination of various efforts between members to gain common target MoreEffective Factors in the Cooperation of Villagers in Rural Cooperative Companies in Tehran (Case study: Shariar city)AbstractIntroduction: Cooperatives as an organization are a system for movement and coordination of various efforts between members to gain common targets.The purpose of the study: The aim of the current research is to find out the effective factors in the cooperation of villagers in Rural cooperatives companies.Methodology: The current study is applied regarding the purpose of the study, and descriptive-analytic with respect to method. To study the success rate of rural cooperative companies in the city, Central Division has been done. The study objectives include: attitude towards cooperative members, the participation rate of members of the cooperative activities of companies, studying the social, economic and individual members, mutual understanding and relations between these effects. Geographical area of the research: This study has been done in the geographical area of Shahriar.Results and discussion: The study is descriptive and solidarity through a survey using questionnaires and interviews. The statistical community members of rural cooperative companies in Shahriar City Township had a total of 3000 people. Number 345 out of random sampling as the sample were determined. Validity of the questionnaire was also calculated.Conclusion: Data analysis showed that there is a significant relationship and a strong correlation (65% = r) between trait individual satisfaction, attitude and knowledge, land and household income levels and these variables significantly associated with successful partnerships there.Key words: Rural development, Rural production cooperatives, Rural partnership, Shahriar city Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
448 - Evaluation and analysis of the role of housing cooperatives in the reproduction and organization of urban space (Case Study: Zanjan city)
majid hazrati Mohammad Taghi Heydari jafar mahdiyounIntroduction: Today, housing cooperatives with the participation of the private sector and the support of the government, along with rural-urban migrants with different economic bases, play a significant role in the rapid expansion of the physical boundaries of urban se MoreIntroduction: Today, housing cooperatives with the participation of the private sector and the support of the government, along with rural-urban migrants with different economic bases, play a significant role in the rapid expansion of the physical boundaries of urban settlements.Research Aime: In this research, he investigated and analyzed the role of housing cooperatives in reproducing and organizing the urban space in Zanjan city.Methodology: This research is descriptive-analytical in nature. In the descriptive method, data has been collected using library studies and field studies through a questionnaire. The statistical population includes 430,871 citizens of Zanjan. 384 samples were selected by Cochran's formula. Data analysis was performed using TODIM multi-criteria decision model and path analysis test and DPSIR model with the help of Excel and SPSS software.Studied Areas: The geographical area of the research includes the city of Zanjan. Results: The findings showed that housing cooperatives have played a significant role in the reproduction and organization of urban space in Zanjan with an average of 3.43. Among the influential components of housing cooperative performance, the economic quality component of housing with an average of 3.61 in order to produce physical space in the city and build housing, has been able to organize the performance of economic drivers of housing production in the city. Also, according to the path analysis test, the response component with a direct effect of 0.527 is most related to the reproduction of urban space in the form of housing cooperatives in Zanjan. Conclusion: The results showed that housing cooperatives are an effective factor in reproducing the atmosphere of Zanjan city. Therefore, in order to improve the performance of cooperatives in reproducing efficient urban space and organizing housing, paying attention to urban regeneration policies; serious follow-up of construction violations and change of use; Determining population capacity and density limit is necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
449 - Economical effects of draughts on rural regions of Shandiz district in decad (1375 – 85 )
hadi ghanbarzadeh abolfazl behniafarThis paper shows the economical effects of draught by surveying hydrological and agricultural draughts. Shandiz district with area 337.5 km2 is placed in alluvial fan Binalud (northwest Mashhad) and center of agricultcure and gardener in suburban of Mashhad. Decreasing MoreThis paper shows the economical effects of draught by surveying hydrological and agricultural draughts. Shandiz district with area 337.5 km2 is placed in alluvial fan Binalud (northwest Mashhad) and center of agricultcure and gardener in suburban of Mashhad. Decreasing of water supplies and the surface of plantation activities are the results of draught Shandiz district was faced with drought during 1375-85 and due to that event more than 50 percent of the springs in this area were dried, 64.9 percent of the surface of the gardens were reduced and three villages were abandoned. The main goals of this paper are: Surveying the draught in Shandiz district during 1375-85. Studying economical effects of draughts on rural regions Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
450 - افزایش کیفیت جوانه زنی و رشد نهال در بذرهای Antirrhinum, Dahlia, Impatiens, Salvia و Zinnia
ایرن اوزدن Sıtkı Ermiş ابراهیم دمیراین مطالعه برای بررسی اثر هیدروپرایمینگ روی جوانه­زنی بذر و رشد دانهال 5 گونه گل بذری (میمون، کوکب، حنا، مریم گلی و آهار) انجام شد. هیدروپرایمینگ (20 درجه سانتی­گراد به مدت 24 ساعت)، خشک کردن سطحی یا خشک کردن در حد رطوبت اولیه، باعث افزایش درصد جوانه­زنی، ظه Moreاین مطالعه برای بررسی اثر هیدروپرایمینگ روی جوانه­زنی بذر و رشد دانهال 5 گونه گل بذری (میمون، کوکب، حنا، مریم گلی و آهار) انجام شد. هیدروپرایمینگ (20 درجه سانتی­گراد به مدت 24 ساعت)، خشک کردن سطحی یا خشک کردن در حد رطوبت اولیه، باعث افزایش درصد جوانه­زنی، ظهور گیاهچه و وزن تر و خشک شد. در تمام گونه­ها، حداکثر جوانه­زنی و ظهور گیاهچه در خشک کردن سطحی حاصل شد. حداکثر سودمندی در گل­های میمون و کوکب به چشم خورد. در این دو گونه، خشک کردن سطحی بذرها باعث به­ترتیب 18 و 17 درصد جوانه­زنی بیشتر و 20 و 13 درصد ظهور گیاهچه بیشتر در مقایسه با شاهد شد. در همه­ی گونه­ها، اگرچه این تیمارها اثر مثبت داشت؛ اما اثر آن کمتر بود. به­طورکلی می­توان نتیجه گرفت که هیدروپرایمینگ می­تواند کیفیت دانهال را در گل­های بذری بالا ببرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
451 - اثر واریته ها و مواد گیاهی کشت، روی رشد، گلدهی و تولید پیاز در گل مریم
فرجانا نسرین خان افروز نازنین کریماتول آمبیا م. مسیور بویینیک آزمایش در مزرعه تحقیقات گیاهان زینتی در مرکز تحقیقات باغبانی (HRC) – انستیتو تحقیقات کشاورزی بنگلادش در شهر قاضی­پور از آوریل تا فوریه 2017 با هدف دستیابی به بهترین مواد کاشت برای رشد، گلدهی و تولید پیاز در دو واریته گل مریم به اجرا در آمد. هر د Moreیک آزمایش در مزرعه تحقیقات گیاهان زینتی در مرکز تحقیقات باغبانی (HRC) – انستیتو تحقیقات کشاورزی بنگلادش در شهر قاضی­پور از آوریل تا فوریه 2017 با هدف دستیابی به بهترین مواد کاشت برای رشد، گلدهی و تولید پیاز در دو واریته گل مریم به اجرا در آمد. هر دو واریته در پارامترهای خاصی برتری نشان دادند و پیازهای بزرگ بهترین نتایج را نسبت به بقیه مواد کاشت ارائه کردند. ژنوتیپ TR-001 (واریته سینگل) گیاه و خوشه طویل­تر (به­ترتیب 37/49 و 04/85 سانتی­متر) و گل آذین سنگین­تری (14/72 گرم) تولید کرد. همچنین رقم TR-004 که یک واریته نیمه دوبل است، ساقه گل طویل­تر (12/32 سانتی­متر) و بیشترین نسبت گلچه در خوشه (38/44) را در برداشت. در مورد تولید پیاز و پیازچه، رقم TR-001 سنگین­ترین و بزرگترین پیاز (به­ترتیب 9/19 گرم و 89/2 سانتی­متر) را تولید کرد، در حالی که رقم TR-004 بیشترین پیازچه در هر گیاه و بالاترین وزن پیازچه در هر گیاه (به­ترتیب 39/18 و 88/33) را تولید کرد. با توجه به نوع و سایز پیاز مریم، سایز بزرگ، طویل­ترین ساقه گل (34/33 سانتی­متر)، حداکثر گلچه در خوشه (54/45)، سنگین­ترین سنبله گل (25/76 گرم)، بیشترین تعداد پیاز در گیاه (7/6)، سنگین­ترین و بزرگترین پیازها (55/22 گرم و 12/3 سانتی­متر) و بیشترین تعداد و بالاترین وزن پیازچه در هر بوته (55/22 گرم و 53/38 سانتی متر) را تولید کرد. اختلاف معنی­داری در اثرات متقابل روی هیچ یک از صفات مشاهده نشد. همچنین از نظر آماری تفاوت معنی­داری بین پیازهای سایز مادری (مسن) و سایز متوسط در صفات طول ساقه گل، تعداد گلچه در خوشه، تعداد پیاز در گیاه، وزن و قطر پیاز و تعداد پیازچه در بوته مشاهده نشد. بنابراین پیاز مادری / مسن نیز می­تواند برای تولید تجاری گل مریم با سایزهای بزرگ و متوسط مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
452 - واکنش گل صدفی (Gypsophila paniculata) تحت تاثیر آمیزه ها و مقادیر مختلف کودهای غیرآلی
انریکه ای بیناس جی آر نوآ دی مارویا الن ال تنداسینگگل صدفی در گلکاری ارزش خاصی دارد و برای صادرات به چندین کشور مدنظر است. برای حفظ عملکرد گل صدفی در سطح مطلوب می­ بایست مدیریت تغذیه مطلوبی با کاربرد منابع تغذیه ­ای مطلوب در راستای گلدهی گیاهان زینتی گلدار، انجام شود. بنابراین این مطالعه برای دستیابی به رشد، عمل Moreگل صدفی در گلکاری ارزش خاصی دارد و برای صادرات به چندین کشور مدنظر است. برای حفظ عملکرد گل صدفی در سطح مطلوب می­ بایست مدیریت تغذیه مطلوبی با کاربرد منابع تغذیه ­ای مطلوب در راستای گلدهی گیاهان زینتی گلدار، انجام شود. بنابراین این مطالعه برای دستیابی به رشد، عملکرد و بازگشت سرمایه در گل صدفی با استفاده از آمیزه­ ها و مقادیر کودهای غیرآلی انجام شد. مساحت 100/8 مترمربع به 5 بلوک 4×4 متر برای اجرای آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح RCBD آماده شد. تیمارها به قرار زیر بودند: فاکتور A (آمیزه ­های کودی) شامل: C0: بدون آمیزه کودی؛ C1: عصاره گیاهی تخمیر شده به نسبت 2 درصد حجمی؛ C2: عصاره تخمیر شده میوه به نسبت 2 درصد حجمی و C3: فسفات کلسیم به نسبت 5 درصد حجمی. فاکتور B (کود غیرآلی) شامل: F0: بدون کود؛ F1: 60-60-90 (N-P2O5-K2O) در هکتار؛ F2: 30-30-45 (N-P2O5-K2O) در هکتار؛ F3: 15-15-25 (N-P2O5-K2O) در هکتار. آمیزه و مقدار کودی 15-15-25 از نظر ارتفاع بوته 28 روز بعد از کاشت برتری معنی ­داری داشت. فسفات کلسیم به نسبت 5 % حجمی و 15-15-25 (T15) بهترین ترکیب تیماری برای افزایش ارتفاع گل صدفی 28 روز پس از کاشت بودند، البته همه کودها نسبت به شاهد از نظر تولید پاجوش، گل و گل­ های بازارپسند به مدت 3 ماه شبیه شاهد بودند. بنابراین می­ توان گفت از نظر بازگشت سرمایه، بیلان منفی بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
453 - عملکرد آنتوریوم (Anthurium andraeanum Lind) تحت تأثیر کودهای آلی و معدنی مختلف
انریکه ای بیناس جونیور گیلبرت وی لومنتاک امینا آ موکادمتولید آنتوریوم بخش مهمی از صنعت گلکاری و گل­ های شاخه بریده است. تلفیق منابع تغذیه آلی و معدنی، برای تولید آنتوریوم یکی از بهترین عملیات مدیریتی است. این مطالعه برای دستیابی به تاثیر کودهای آلی و معدنی به­ عنوان منابع تغذیه خارجی روی عملکرد آنتوریوم انجام شد. ای Moreتولید آنتوریوم بخش مهمی از صنعت گلکاری و گل­ های شاخه بریده است. تلفیق منابع تغذیه آلی و معدنی، برای تولید آنتوریوم یکی از بهترین عملیات مدیریتی است. این مطالعه برای دستیابی به تاثیر کودهای آلی و معدنی به­ عنوان منابع تغذیه خارجی روی عملکرد آنتوریوم انجام شد. این پژوهش با دو فاکتور در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی (RCBD) 3×3، طراحی شد. داده ­ها با ANOVA تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. مقایسه میانگین تیمارها با کمک آزمون معنی­ داری تفاوت­ ها در توکی (HSD) انجام شد. فاکتورهای مختلف عبارت بودند از: M1: پوست نارگیل، M2: پوست نارگیل با کود مرغی و M3: پوست نارگیل با کود گاوی در فاکتور A؛ فاکتور B شامل F0: بدون کود معدنی، F1: 60-60-90 (NPK) و F2: 30-30-45 (NPK). نتایج نشان داد که کودهای مرغی و گاوی به­ عنوان بخشی از بستر کاشت، به شکل معنی ­داری رشد آنتوریوم را بدون در نظر گرفتن مقدار مصرف، بهبود می­ بخشند. درآمد خالص بعلاوه برگشت سرمایه در همه تیمارها، منفی بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
454 - Utilization of Rice Hull as a New Substrate for Turf Grass Seed Germination in Sod Production as a Sustainable Approach
Mohammad Ali Golestani Ali Dolatkhahi Navid Vahdati Omid Nouri RoudsariSod culture is one of the important methods in establishing and repairing of turf grass, especially in sport fields. Nowadays, a mixture of sand and peat are commonly used in sod production in Iran. Because peat media is expensive, it seems necessary to find an alternat MoreSod culture is one of the important methods in establishing and repairing of turf grass, especially in sport fields. Nowadays, a mixture of sand and peat are commonly used in sod production in Iran. Because peat media is expensive, it seems necessary to find an alternative medium. Rice hull, tea waste and leaf compost as economical organic material that are available in huge loads in north of Iran. The objective of this study was to evaluate the utilization of low cost organic matter on seed germination and uniformity of turf grass in sod production. Therefore a completely randomized design with 3 replications and 6 treatments: 1- mixture of leaf compost and sand (1: 1) (v.v), 2- tea compost and sand (1: 1) (v.v), 3- sand, 4- mixture of rice hull and sand (3: 1) (v.v), 5- mixture of treatments 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6- petri dish as control was carried out in the experimental field of agricultural school of Islamic Azad University, Chaloos branch during summer 2008. Turf grass species used was Lolium prenne. According to the results, it was revealed that the effect of different substrates was significant on seed germination percentage (p≤0.05). Results showed that mixture of rice hull and sand (3: 1) (v.v) increased germination percentage over other treatments. This was probably related to high water retaining capacity and well aeration of rice hull. Furthermore, the lowest and highest uniformity rate was related to mixture treatment and sand media, respectively. It generally seems that these waste products can be used for this purpose economically and sustainably. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
455 - Cultivar Effects on Growth, Yield and Cormel Production of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)
Muhammad Saleem Iftikhar Ahmad Muhammad Aslam KhanGladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.), a popular bulbous cut flower, has high demand in both domestic (Pakistani) as well as international markets. Five potential, exotic cultivars of gladiolus, ‘Cantate’, ‘Corveira’, ‘Eminence’, &lsq MoreGladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.), a popular bulbous cut flower, has high demand in both domestic (Pakistani) as well as international markets. Five potential, exotic cultivars of gladiolus, ‘Cantate’, ‘Corveira’, ‘Eminence’, ‘Essential’ and ‘Fado’ were evaluated to determine the cultivar effects on yield and quality, to compare their relative performance and recommend their suitability for commercial production. Among the tested cultivars, ‘Essential’ performed best for early spike emergence (74.2 d), greater number of leaves plant-1 (8.8), number of florets spike-1 (13.9), spike length (46.8 cm), spike diameter (1.0 cm), vase life (14.3 d), cormel diameter (0.7 cm) and average weight of a cormel (0.3 g). ‘Corveira’ ranked second for most of the above mentioned growth and yield indices. Earlier sprouting (4.6 d), and higher number of cormels clump-1 (283.0) was recorded in ‘Fado’, while leaf area and stem length was greater in ‘Cantate’, (98.6 cm2 and 84.7 cm, respectively). ‘Eminence’ ‘Cantate’ and ‘Corveira’ had higher total leaf chlorophyll contents (0.2 mg g-1 each), while ‘Eminence’ took longer time for spike emergence (103.5 d) among all tested cultivars. In summary, ‘Essential’ followed by ‘Corveira’ and ‘Fado’ performed better than ‘Eminence’ and ‘Cantate’. Therefore, growers may consider selection of these cultivars with improved yield and quality characteristics for commercial production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
456 - Growth, Yield and Quality of Rosa hybrida L. as Influenced by NaCl Salinity
Iftikhar Ahmad Muhammad Aslam Khan Muhammad Qasim Rashid Ahmad Tauseef Us-samadThe effects of sodium chloride (NaCl) salinity (control; canal water with 0.4 dS m-1), 2.5 dSm-1, 5.0 dS m-1, 7.5 dS m-1 and 10.0 dS m-1, respectively) developed after 6 weeks of pruning (beginning of study) on plant growth, flowering and quality of three cut rose (Rosa MoreThe effects of sodium chloride (NaCl) salinity (control; canal water with 0.4 dS m-1), 2.5 dSm-1, 5.0 dS m-1, 7.5 dS m-1 and 10.0 dS m-1, respectively) developed after 6 weeks of pruning (beginning of study) on plant growth, flowering and quality of three cut rose (Rosa hybrida L.) cultivars viz. ‘Kardinal’, ‘Angelique’ and ‘Gold Medal’ were studied to achieve better management, quality production and ascertaining salinity tolerance of promising cut roses being grown commercially in Pakistan. Plants were grown in pure sand in order to eliminate substrate salinity effect on plants. Number of leaves branch-1, leaf area, leaf total chlorophyll contents, bud diameter, flower diameter and flower quality were greater when plants were grown with canal water (control) having only 0.4 dS m-1 salinity, which also reduced interval between flushes by early flowering, while plant height, number of flowers plant-1 flush-1, fresh and dry weight of a flower, stem length and diameter were greater with 2.5 dS m-1 substrate salinity followed by canal water (control). Among cultivars, ‘Angelique’proved comparatively more salt tolerant as compared with ‘Kardinal’ and ‘Gold Medal’ by producing vigorous growth and greater number of flowers. In summary, cut rose cultivars studied cannot tolerate higher substrate salinity and preferably be grown with<2.5 dS m-1 NaCl substrate salinity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
457 - Smallholder Farmers' Access and Use of Scientific Climatic Forecast Information in Mt. Elgon Region, Eastern Uganda
Narisi Mubangizi Florence Kyazze Paul Mukwaya -
Open Access Article
458 - The Impact of Rural-Urban Migration on Poultry Production in the Niger Delta Region, Nigeria
Albert Ofuoku Oghenesuvwe Okpara Oghenebrorhie Obakanurhe -
Open Access Article
459 - Effects of Communal Crises on Selected Crops Production among Farmers in Langtang North Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria
Gyanden Kughur Shimayohol Daudu Mtimbir Iornenege -
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460 - Comparative Analysis of Profitability of Cassava Production among Agricultural Development Programme (Adp) and Non-Adp Contact Cassava Farmers in Abia State, Nigeria
Kelechi Charles Osondu -
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461 - Constraints and Adoption of Practices in poultry production in the Northern Agricultural Zone of Delta State, Nigeria
Ajieh Chuks C. O Oyibojoba -
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462 - Impact of Farmer Field Schools on Farmer`s Adoption of Wheat Production Technical Packages in Gezira Scheme, Sudan
Ahmed Mirghani Abdel Rahman Wisal Abd Ebrahim Babiker Mohammed -
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463 - Comparative Analysis of Shea-butter Production Techniques Used among Women Processors in Baruten and Ilorin-South Areas, Kwara State, Nigeria
Abdulrazaq Daudu Felix Oladipo Fadekemi Awosusi -
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464 - Resource Use Efficiency Andmisery of Sweet Potato Production Window into Financial Surplus for Households in Delta State, Nigeria
Theophilus Miebi Gbigbi -
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465 - Assessment of the Usage of Liquid Fertilizer Technology in Dry Season Vegetable Production in Nigeria
Ivie Olaghere Olubunmi Omotesho -
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466 - Knowledge Level of Rice Farmers Regarding Cultivation Practices In Mahanawiyah district, AL-Qadisiya Province, Iraq
Bassim Kshash -
Open Access Article
467 - The Role of Training, Extension and Education Facilities on Production Efficiency of Rice Growers in Dinajpur District of Bangladesh
Md. Shajedur Rahaman Sadika Haque Md Abdur Sarkar Mou Sarker Md Abu Siddique -
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468 - Impact of Feed Sources and Feeding System on Milk Production and Marketing in the Babille District of East Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia
Ajabush Dafar Bedasa Tebeje -
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469 - A Profit Approach Comparison between Tomato Grown under Organic and Inorganic Methods in a Typical Nigeria’s Soil
Hamza Babagiwa Aliyu Muhammad R. Ja’afar-Furo -
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470 - Production Characteristics of Cocoyam Farmers in Enugu State
Kelvin Eze Remigius Ozioko David Okoronkwo Martha Mamah Cynthia Nwobodo -
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471 - Adoption level on Organic Farming Practices by Fluted Pumpkin Vegetable Farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria
Sunday Obazi Miracle Iheanyichukwu David Okoronkwo Kingsley Obasi Samuel Esheya -
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472 - Socio-economic and Farm-level Characteristics Influencing Adoption of Rice Production Technologies in Lavun Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria
Umar Sheshi Isah -
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473 - Selecting the Cultivation Pattern based on Economic Value of Water in Gotvand Township, Iran
M. A, Sabbagi -
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474 - Social and Economical Analysis of Small Scale Maize Production in Kura Local Government Area of Kano State, Nigeria
A. S Ahmed A. Suleiman A. Aminu -
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475 - Entrepreneurship Approaches in Agricultural Cooperatives
M, Hekmat -
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476 - Analysis of Production and Marketing Constraints of Tomato among Rural Farmers in Talensi Nabdam District of Upper East Region of Ghana
Farida A Fariya A -
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477 - Women and Vegetable Production in Abra, Philippines: Benefits and Challenges
Evangeline P. Agres Leo G. Inocencio Alma C. Aguinaldo -
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478 - Effect of Urbanization on Agricultural Production in Abia State
Onwuchekwa Raphael Iheke Ukandu Ihuoma -
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479 - Economic Analysis of Maize Production in Ogori Magongo Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria
A.B. Mohammed A.F. Ayanlere U. Ibrahim Muhammed Lawal -
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480 - Socio-Economic Evaluation of Cassava Production by Women Farmers in Igbo-Eze North Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria
Okereke, Chukwuma Odii -
Open Access Article
481 - Assessment of Youth Involvement in Agricultural Production: The Case of Sabon-Gari Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria
Issa F. O. Obioma O. D. Sallau R. -
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482 - The Influence of Socio-Economic Variables of Farmers on their Choice of Cassava Varieties in Kogi State, Nigeria.
S. J. Ibitoye -
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483 - Technical Knowledge and Information Gaps among Smallholder Farmers in the Production of Sugarcane in Kakamega County, Kenya
Gilbert Odilla Abura Raphael Mwiti Gikunda Godffrey NyongesaNato -
Open Access Article
484 - Study of Factor in happiness to the productivity of oil and gas company employees Gachsaran
محمد حقیقی ساسان حبیبی نژاد جهانبخش حبیبی باغ ملکNowadays, healthy organizations are the ones which care about mental and physical health of the staff as much as their work and productivity. With the health of people, the health of the organization is guaranteed and it can be benefitted from productivity, ability, and MoreNowadays, healthy organizations are the ones which care about mental and physical health of the staff as much as their work and productivity. With the health of people, the health of the organization is guaranteed and it can be benefitted from productivity, ability, and necessary efficiency for dealing with the world full of competition. The main goal of this study is examining happiness elements in the productivity of the staff of Oil and Gas Production Company of Gachsaran. Statistical population includes all the staff of Oil and Gas Production Company of Gachsaran. This study uses survey approach with descriptive methods. To measure hypotheses, a five-point Likert scale questionnaire (from very low to very much) and productivity questionnaire were used. Using Cochran formula, the sample size of 365 people was achieved. To analyze data, SPSS software and descriptive and referential statistics (independent t-test, variance analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis) were used. Independent variables included gender, education, marital status, employment, type of work shift, monthly income, creativity, job records, job safety, welfare facilities, educational facilities, and cooperative management. Based on the results, there is a positive and significant correlation between education, employment, type of work shift, monthly income, creativity, job safety, welfare facilities, educational facilities, and cooperative management and productivity. But, there is no significant correlation between gender, job records, and productivity. Generally, 172.75 of the productivity changes result from cooperative management, job safety, type of work shift, educational facilities, education level, and job records and the rest relates to the other factors. Practical implications of the study are also discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
485 - عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت زنان روستایی استان مازندران در کشت برنج
سعید فعلی نهاوند امیر احمدپورهدف از پژوهش، شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت زنان روستایی استان مازندران در کشت برنج است. برای این منظور با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری تصادفی چندمرحلهای تعداد 300 نفر از زنان روستایی شالیکار استان مازندران برای شرکت در فرایند تحقیق انتخاب شدند. ابزار سنجش، پرسشنامه بود که Moreهدف از پژوهش، شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت زنان روستایی استان مازندران در کشت برنج است. برای این منظور با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری تصادفی چندمرحلهای تعداد 300 نفر از زنان روستایی شالیکار استان مازندران برای شرکت در فرایند تحقیق انتخاب شدند. ابزار سنجش، پرسشنامه بود که روایی آن توسط اساتید صاحب نظر و پایایی آن پس از انجام یک پیش آزمون و محاسبه ضریب کرونباخ آلفا (0/86=α) مورد تایید قرار گرفت نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که میزان مشارکت زنان روستایی در کشت برنج تقریباً در سطح متوسط است و زنان به دلایلی ازقبیل کمک به اقتصاد خانواده، کسب درآمد و تولید محصول مازاد بر مصرف در کشت برنج مشارکت دارند. هم­چنین، زنان روستایی بیشترین میزان مشارکت در مراحل مختلف کشت برنج را در فعالیتهای انتخاب بذر، نشاءکاری و حفظ و نگهداری خزانه داشتند. نتایج تحلیلی تحقیق نشان داد که همبستگی معنیداری بین برخی از ویژگی های فردی و حرفه­ای زنان روستایی با میزان مشارکت آنها در کشت برنج وجود دارد. همچنین، نتایج حاصل از تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه نشان داد که 42/9 درصد تغییر در واریانس متغیر وابسته توسط سه متغیر درآمد خانواده، تعداد اعضای خانواده و سطح زیرکشت برنج تبیین می­شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
486 - شناسایی استراتژیهای توسعهی پایدار محصول برنج استان گیلان با استفاده از ماتریس SWOT
محسن شفیعیان اصطهباناتی مهدی همایونفر مهدی فداییتوسعه پایدار یکی از مهمترین مسائلی است که میتواند از جنبههای مختلف و در زمینههای مختلف از جمله کشاورزی پایدار مورد بررسی قرارگیرد. این تحقیق در رابطه با شناسایی مهمترین استراتژیهای توسعهی پایدار محصول برنج به عنوان مهمترین محصول کشاورزی استان گیلان با استفاده از Moreتوسعه پایدار یکی از مهمترین مسائلی است که میتواند از جنبههای مختلف و در زمینههای مختلف از جمله کشاورزی پایدار مورد بررسی قرارگیرد. این تحقیق در رابطه با شناسایی مهمترین استراتژیهای توسعهی پایدار محصول برنج به عنوان مهمترین محصول کشاورزی استان گیلان با استفاده از ماتریس SWOT میباشد. بدین منظور، ابتدا با مطالعهی ادبیات پژوهش عوامل داخلی (نقاط قوت و ضعف) و خارجی (فرصتها و تهدادها) تأثیرگذار بر توسعهی محصول برنج شناسایی شدند. سپس، پرسشنامهای شامل فهرستی از نقاط قوت و ضعف، فرصتها و تهدیدهای پیشروی محصول برنج با استفاده از شاخصهای به­دست آمده از مرور ادبیات و همچنین نظرات خبرگان تنظیم شد. در ادامه از خبرگان خواسته شد تا با استفاده از طیف لیکرت (پنج سطحی) نسبت به وزندهی عوامل نهایی تأیید شده، مبادرت ورزند. در ادامه با محاسبه مجموع امتیازات، میانگین وزنها و نهایتاً ضریب وزنی، اهمیت هر کدام از عوامل مشخص گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد، مجموع امتیاز وزندار محصول برنج استان گیلان در ماتریس عوامل خارجی برابر با 14/2 و در ماتریس عوامل داخلی 24/2 می باشد، که این امتیازات نشانگر شرایط نه چندان مطلوب محصول برنج از نظر عوامل داخلی و خارجی در استان گیلان میباشد. در آخر نیز جهت کاهش یا دفع نقاط ضعف و تهدیدها و نیز بهبود و تقویت نقاط قوت و فرصت­های پیشروی محصول برنج استان گیلان، استراتژیهای مناسبی جهت توسعهی پایدار این محصول ارائه گردید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
487 - رابطه میان عوامل آموزشی-ترویجی و روان شناختی با مشارکت اعضاء تعاونی های کشاورزی (مورد مطالعه: شهرستان شیروان چرداول، ایلام)
محمد باقر آرایشسابقه 40 ساله تعاونی های تولید کشاورزی در ایران نشان می دهد که این نوع نظام بهره­برداری در این مدت با فراز و نشیب­هایی مواجه بوده است. به گونه­ای که با وجود حمایت­های دولتی، بخش تعاون، آن گونه که شایسته بوده ، نتوانسته است نقش اساسی در توسعه کشور ایفا نم Moreسابقه 40 ساله تعاونی های تولید کشاورزی در ایران نشان می دهد که این نوع نظام بهره­برداری در این مدت با فراز و نشیب­هایی مواجه بوده است. به گونه­ای که با وجود حمایت­های دولتی، بخش تعاون، آن گونه که شایسته بوده ، نتوانسته است نقش اساسی در توسعه کشور ایفا نماید و عمدتاً سهم آن در برنامه­های توسعه از 3 درصد تجاوز نکرده است. هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر بررسی رابطه میان عوامل آموزشی- ترویجی و روان شناسی با مشارکت اعضاء تعاونی­های کشاورزی شهرستان شیروان چرداول بود. ابزار اصلی گردآوری داده­ها یک پرسشنامه محقق ساخته بود که روایی ظاهری و محتوایی آن با نظر جمعی از خبرگان تعاونی­ها تأیید گردید. پایایی ابزار تحقیق نیز با محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ ( 80/.) تایید گردید. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل 751 نفر از اعضاء فعال تعاونی­های کشاورزی شهرستان شیروان چرداول بود که تعداد 260 نفر از آنان به کمک روش نمونه گیری تصادفی طبقه­ای انتخاب شدند. نتایج تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد که رابطه معنی­داری بین عوامل آموزشی - ترویجی و روان شناسی با متغیر مشارکت اعضاء تعاونی­های کشاورزی وجود داشته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
488 - بهینه سازی برنامه ریزی تولید با استفاده از الگوریتم ژنتیک و بهینه سازی ذرات (مطالعه موردی: کارخانه چای صوفی)
منصور صوفی مریم محسنی -
Open Access Article
489 - مدلسازی اثر تغییر اقلیم بر تولید بادام زمینی بر مبنای افزایش دو درجه دما در شرایط محیطی آینده در استان گیلان، ایران
Seyyed Ali Noorhosseini Afshin Soltani Hossein Ajamnorooziبه منظور ارزیابی اثر تغییر اقلیم بر رشد و عملکرد بادام­زمینی بر مبنای دو درجه افزایش دما، تحقیقی با استفاده از مدل SSM-Peanut انجام شد. شبیه­سازی براساس اطلاعات بلندمدت ایستگاه­های هواشناسی استان گیلان (شامل انزلی، فرودگاه رشت، جهاد کشاورزی رشت، لاهیجان، آست Moreبه منظور ارزیابی اثر تغییر اقلیم بر رشد و عملکرد بادام­زمینی بر مبنای دو درجه افزایش دما، تحقیقی با استفاده از مدل SSM-Peanut انجام شد. شبیه­سازی براساس اطلاعات بلندمدت ایستگاه­های هواشناسی استان گیلان (شامل انزلی، فرودگاه رشت، جهاد کشاورزی رشت، لاهیجان، آستارا، کیاشهر، تالش و رودسر) صورت گرفت. در انتها با اجرای مدل برای هر سال و تحت هر سناریو، روز تا گلدهی، روز تا شروع تشکیل غلاف، روز تا شروع تشکیل دانه، روز تا رسیدگی برداشت، شاخص سطح برگ، تجمع ماده خشک، عملکرد دانه و غلاف از خروجی مدل ثبت شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS انجام شد. علاوه برآن پهنه­بندی استان گیلان از لحاظ تولید بادام­زمینی درشرایط فعلی و پس از تغییر اقلیم با استفاده از نرم­افزار ArcGIS صورت گرفت. برای مقایسه تفاوت بین رشد و عملکرد بادام­زمینی در شرایط فعلی با وقوع تغییرات اقلیمی از t-test و آنالیز تشخیصی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت آماری معنی­داری از لحاظ تمامی صفات مورد بررسی درشرایط فعلی و پس از تغییر اقلیم (بر مبنای افزایش دما) در استان گیلان وجود داشت. با افزایش درجه حرارت میانگین طول دوره رشد بادام­زمینی در استان گیلان از 142 روز به 123 روز کاهش پیدا کرد. در عین حال عملکرد بادام­زمینی در شرایط تغییر اقلیم برمبنای افزایش دو درجه سانتیگراد دما برابر با 73/8 درصد بیشتر از شرایط کنونی بدست آمد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
490 - Participation of Rural Youths in Mushroom Production in Umuahia Agricultural Zone, Abia State, Nigeria
Gloria Ashiegbu Oluwatoyin Olagunju Edwin Onyeabor -
Open Access Article
491 - طراحی مدل شایستگیهای حرفهای مدیران واحدهای تولید محصولات گلخانه ای خراسان جنوبی در ایران
محمد معتمدی کوروش روستا اسدالله زمانی پور ملیحه فلکیپژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی مدل شایستگی­های حرفه­ای مدیران واحدهای تولید محصولات گلخانه­ای خراسان جنوبی در ایران انجام شده است. روش تحقیق از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از نظر گردآوری داده­ها توصیفی – همبستگی است و به روش پیمایش انجام شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق Moreپژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی مدل شایستگی­های حرفه­ای مدیران واحدهای تولید محصولات گلخانه­ای خراسان جنوبی در ایران انجام شده است. روش تحقیق از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از نظر گردآوری داده­ها توصیفی – همبستگی است و به روش پیمایش انجام شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق 117 نفر از مدیران واحدهای تولید محصولات گلخانه­ای بوده که بدلیل محدود بودن جامعه بصورت سرشماری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. ابزار گردآوری داده­ها در این پژوهش، پرسشنامه بود و برای تحلیل داده­ها از نرم­افزار SPSS و Smart PLS استفاده شده است. برای همه شایستگی­ها آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی بیشتر از 7/0 بدست آمد. تحلیل معادلات ساختاری با حداقل مربعات جزئی pls دلالت بر تایید همه فرضیه­ها دارد. در نهایت مدل شایستگی­های حرفه ­ی با هفت شایستگی شامل شایستگی مدیریت، فردی، محیط کسب و کار، اعتقادی- اخلاقی، فنی و تخصصی، آکادمیک و عمومی شناسایی شده است که از دید مدیران بیشترین اهمیت مربوط به شایستگی­های مدیریتی و فردی بوده است. از این رو پیشنهاد می­شود مدیران برای تصمیم­گیری صحیح در برخورد با مسائل جدید و متغیر، می­بایست دائماً مهارت­ها و معلومات خود را در زمینه مدیریت اصلاح و بهروزرسانی کنند تا بتوانند به اهداف غایی تولید دست یابند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
492 - The Effects of Climate Change on Iran's Sugarcane Production (Case study: Khuzestan Sugarcane)
Abdulah Rajabalinejad Niv Nozari Bita Rahimi BadrClimate change due to global warming cause a lot of concern that requires comprehensive and reciprocal world wide action. The agricultural sector is one of the most dependent sectors on the climate, in the production cycle and food security of Iran, with a dry and hot c MoreClimate change due to global warming cause a lot of concern that requires comprehensive and reciprocal world wide action. The agricultural sector is one of the most dependent sectors on the climate, in the production cycle and food security of Iran, with a dry and hot climate is at a higher risk of global damages for these climate changes. Moreever, the major sugarcane industries of Iran are located in Khuzestan province which climatic variables in this region have recorded drastic and increasing changes procedure. In this article the effects of climate change on sugarcane industry in Khuzestan are studied (1971-2020). The usage of Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), an econometric model, helped examining the effect of climate factors such as temperature and precipitation on production. The results depicts a nonlinear relation between the climatic factors temperature and precipitation and production. As a matter of fact, the nonlinear relation in the form of an inverted U-shape in the graph shows the importance of climate change on agricultural production. The government's ownership of Khuzestan's sugarcane cultivation and the assignment of exclusive rights should provide maximum productivity, but not achieving an ideal goal. In conclusion, because of the negative effects of climate change on sugarcane production, it, is highly recommended to 1) Limit human intervention in nature, 2) Utilize varieties of other crops which are more resilientistant to climate change, 3) Alternate the cultivation patteren,and finally (4) To consider supportive policies in this matter to cope with the effects of climate change . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
493 - عوامل مؤثر بر تمایل کشاورزان گوجه فرنگی کار به استفاده از عملیات خوب کشاورزی ایران (GAP) در شمال غرب ایران
مجتبی سوختانلو فیاض عصمت سحر پیرموذناجرای استانداردهای ایران گپ (Iran GAPs) در گوجه‏فرنگی، می‏تواند تأثیر بسیار مهمی در کاهش آلاینده‎های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و میکروبیولوژی برای دستیابی به یک محصول سالم و ایمن گردد. بنابراین، مطالعه حاضر عوامل تأثیرگذار بر تمایل کشاورزان به استفاده از Iran GAPs را Moreاجرای استانداردهای ایران گپ (Iran GAPs) در گوجه‏فرنگی، می‏تواند تأثیر بسیار مهمی در کاهش آلاینده‎های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و میکروبیولوژی برای دستیابی به یک محصول سالم و ایمن گردد. بنابراین، مطالعه حاضر عوامل تأثیرگذار بر تمایل کشاورزان به استفاده از Iran GAPs را در مرحله عملیات تولید گوجه‏فرنگی در استان اردبیل (ایران) بررسی می‏کند. به روش نمونه‏گیری چندمرحله‏ای تصادفی و با کمک جدول بارتلت و همکاران، 310 کشاورز گوجه فرنگی کار از سه شهرستان پارس‏آباد (165 نفر)، کوثر (82 نفر) و بیله‏سوار (63 نفر) انتخاب شدند. استانداردهای Iran GAPs، مطابق فهرست استانداردهای سازمان ملی استاندارد ایران در گوجه فرنگی گردآوری شد. نتایج نشان داد غالب کشاورزان (3/61 درصد) در سطح پایینی از تمایل به بکارگیری استانداردهای Iran GAPs در مرحله تولید گوجه فرنگی قرار دارند. در این زمینه، فعالیت‏های استفاده حداقل سموم شیمیایی، استفاده از تجهیزات حفاظت فردی و همچنین عدم استفاده از قوطی و مخازن خالی آفت‏کش‏ها و کودها و دفع ایمن آن‏ها در اولویت‏های آخر کشاورزان قرار داشت. همچنین مهم‏ترین متغیرهای متمایزکننده گروههای کشاورزان به ترتیب شامل مشاهده‏پذیری (271/0)، شرکت در دوره‏های آموزشی (269/0)، پیچیدگی (219/0)، اندازه مزرعه (198/0) و مزیت نسبی (178/0) بدست آمد. تأسیس واحد بازاریابی و فروش در مراکز جهادکشاورزی شهرستان­های مورد مطالعه، برگزاری برنامه‏های "روزمزرعه" و بازدید کشاورزان از مزارع موفق و ایجاد بانک بذر (Seed Bank) برای گوجه فرنگی می‏تواند بر تمایل کشاورزان به استفاده از Iran GAPs بیفزاید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
494 - بررسی مداخلات موثر بر توسعه تولید کشاورزی حساس به تغذیه توسط فرایند تحلیل شبکه ای
مریم مورج حسین شعبانعلی فمی ژیلا دانشور عامری علی اسدیتغذیه هم به­عنوان ورودی و هم نتیجه توسعه پایدار شناخته می­شود، جایی که تولید کشاورزی نیز نقش غیرقابل انکاری ایفا می­کند. استان البرز به عنوان یکی از استانهای بزرگ ایران، با مشکلات متعددی مواجه می­باشد که طی سالهای گذشته بر امنیت غذایی آن تأ Moreتغذیه هم به­عنوان ورودی و هم نتیجه توسعه پایدار شناخته می­شود، جایی که تولید کشاورزی نیز نقش غیرقابل انکاری ایفا می­کند. استان البرز به عنوان یکی از استانهای بزرگ ایران، با مشکلات متعددی مواجه می­باشد که طی سالهای گذشته بر امنیت غذایی آن تأثیر منفی گذاشته است،.به­طوری که اجرای کشاورزی حساس به تغذیه برای رفع این مشکلات ضروری تلقی می­شود. پژوهش حاضر به بررسی مداخلات مؤثر بر اجرای تولید محصولات کشاورزی حساس به تغذیه در استان البرز بر اساس تحلیل تصمیمگیری چندمعیاره (MCDM) برای اولویتبندی این مداخلات و همچنین شناسایی بهترین استراتژی اجرایی برای پیگیری در منطقه پرداخته است. به منظور دستیابی به این اهداف، با استفاده از فرآیند شبکه تحلیلی (ANP)بر اساس مطالعات کتابخانه­ای و اسنادی و مصاحبه با کارشناسان و مراجع، ساختار مدل ANP تدوین شده و مقایسه­های زوجی صورت گرفته است. نتایج نشان میدهد که مهمترین عامل مداخله گر، در ابتدا "تولید درآمد برای تغذیه" و پس از آن "جابجایی، ذخیرهسازی و فرآوری حساس به تغذیه پس از برداشت" ، می­باشد. تصمیم­گیران و مسئولان این استان، باید در اجرای کشاورزی حساس به تغذیه، به این جنبه­ها توجه بیشتری داشته باشند. همچنین، استراتژی پیاده­سازی بلندمدت (6 تا 20 سال) جایگزین بهتری برای هدف­گذاری و برنامه­ریزی تصمیم­گیران و مقامات است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
495 - اثرات تغییر اقلیم بر عملکرد چغندرقند با تأکید بر ریسک تولید محصول در ایران
علی سردار شهرکی ندا علی احمدی نسیم صفریتغییر در وضعیت اقلیم و در نتیجه تغییر در پارامتر­های اقلیمی، فعالیت­های مختلف کشاورزی را متاثر می­سازد. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی متغیرهای اقلیمی بر عملکرد محصول چغندرقند در دو اقلیم سرد و گرم و خشک می­باشد. برای این منظور از تابع تصادفی جاست و پاپ استفاده Moreتغییر در وضعیت اقلیم و در نتیجه تغییر در پارامتر­های اقلیمی، فعالیت­های مختلف کشاورزی را متاثر می­سازد. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی متغیرهای اقلیمی بر عملکرد محصول چغندرقند در دو اقلیم سرد و گرم و خشک می­باشد. برای این منظور از تابع تصادفی جاست و پاپ استفاده شده است. در ابتدا با استفاده از الگوریتم فایوسن، موثرترین متغیرهای اقلیمی تاثیرگذار بر عملکرد محصول چغندرقند برای استفاده در تابع جاست و پاپ تعیین شده­اند. آزمون پایایی داده­ها، برای ارزیابی پایایی متغیرهای مورد استفاده انجام شده است. برای بررسی وابستگی بین متغیرهای وابسته و مستقل، آزمون هم انباشتگی تحلیل شده است. در نهایت ضرایب تابع جاست و پاپ برای محصول چغندرقند در دو اقلیم سرد و گرم و خشک در طی بازه زمانی 1396- 1377 برآورد شده است. بر اساس نتایج تابع عملکرد چغندر­قند در مناطق سرد، ملاحظه می­گردد که متغیر سطح زیر­کشت و حداکثر دما در سطح 10 درصد، متغیر انحراف حداقل دما، وقفه تولید و روند در سطح یک درصد معنی­دار شده و اثرات معنی­داری بر عملکرد چغندر­قند در مناطق سرد دارند، اما متغیر بارش در هیچ یک از سطوح معنی­دار نشده­اند. نتایج برآورد شده تابع جاست و پاپ محصول چغندر­قند در مناطق گرم و خشک حاکی از آن است که متغیر­های حداکثر دما، وقفه تولید و روند در سطح پنج درصد معنی­دار می­باشد، و اثرات معنی­داری بر میزان عملکرد چغندر­­­قند در مناطق گرم و خشک دارند، اما سه متغیر سطح­ زیرکشت، انحراف بارش و انحراف حداقل دما در هیچ یک از سطوح معنی­دار نشده­ است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
496 - ارزیابی مدلهای صادرات محصولات کشاورزی شمال زنجان
رضا نوروزی نبی اله محمدی ابوالفضل مقدمهدف از این پژوهش ارائه مدل راهبردی توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی شهرستان طارم و ارائه مدل مفهومی برای توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی و است.برای گردآوری داده ها از مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته استفاده شد و تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات به روش اشتراوس و کوربین انجام گرفت.نمونه گیری ب Moreهدف از این پژوهش ارائه مدل راهبردی توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی شهرستان طارم و ارائه مدل مفهومی برای توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی و است.برای گردآوری داده ها از مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته استفاده شد و تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات به روش اشتراوس و کوربین انجام گرفت.نمونه گیری به روش نمونه گیری نظری بود و با بهره مندی از روش های هدفمند و گلوله برفی انجام شد که بر مبنای آن، مصاحبه با خبرگان مطرح در زمینه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی انجام شد. نتایج تحلیل دادههای به دست آمده از مصاحبهها، طی فرایندهای کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی، منتج به راهبردی توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی بر مبنای نظریهپردازی داده-بنیاد شد. با استناد به رهیافت سیستماتیک در نظریه داده-بنیاد کدهای شناسایی شده در شش طبقه هستهای شامل عوامل علل، عوامل زمینهای، عوامل مداخله گر،راهبردها و پیامدها قرار گرفتند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد عوامل علی شامل عوامل مؤثر بر تولید، عوامل نهادی (دولتی، قانونی و حقوقی)، بازاریابی و فروش، عوامل اقتصادی، مالی و بانکی و عوامل رقابتی؛ عوامل زمینهای شامل عوامل مؤثر زیرساختی و لجستیکی، عوامل مؤثر علمی، فناورانه و دانشی (نوآوری)؛ عوامل مداخلهگر (عوامل فرهنگی، عوامل سیاسی و بین المللی)، راهبردها (کوتاه مدت، میان مدت و بلند مدت) و پیامدها شامل پیامد های مالی وغیر مالی در دو سطح کلان و خرد؛ بر توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی تاثیر گذارند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
497 - کاربرد مقایسهای تکنیکهای متداول رتبهبندی بهمنظور تعیین اولویت عوامل اثرگذار بر تولید بذر گیاهان دارویی؛ مطالعهی موردی: استان گیلان، ایران
سیدعلی نورحسینی اسماعیل فلاحی سپیده قلی نژادتولید بذر به عنوان یکی از مهمترین مسائل فنی و اقتصادی درگیر در حوزه گیاهان دارویی بوده که مدیریت آن بایستی به عنوان یکی از اولویتهای تحقیقاتی، مدنظر برنامهریزان قرار گیرد. بر این اساس، پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و تعیین اولویت عوامل پیشبرنده و بازدارندهی مؤثر بر تول Moreتولید بذر به عنوان یکی از مهمترین مسائل فنی و اقتصادی درگیر در حوزه گیاهان دارویی بوده که مدیریت آن بایستی به عنوان یکی از اولویتهای تحقیقاتی، مدنظر برنامهریزان قرار گیرد. بر این اساس، پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و تعیین اولویت عوامل پیشبرنده و بازدارندهی مؤثر بر تولید بذر گیاهان دارویی در سال 1393 انجام گرفت. برای انجام این مطالعه از روش دلفی استفاده شد که تعداد اعضاء شرکت کننده در پانل تخصصی، 13 نفر از کارشناسان خبره و باتجربهی منابع طبیعی و جهاد کشاورزی استان گیلان بودند. در مرحله اول تحقیق از تکنیک چندپاسخی برای تحلیل محتوی استفاده گردید. براساس نتایج مرحله اول پرسشنامه­های مرحله دوم در قالب طیف لیکرت طراحی گردید و مجدداً توسط پاسخگویان مرحله اول تکمیل شد؛ سپس با استفاده از مقایسه تکنیکهای متداول رتبهبندی (میانگین، نسبت تغییرات، وزندهی آنتروپی شانون و فازی مثلثی)، داده­ها مورد تجزبه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. به کارگیری تکنیکهای متداول رتبه­بندی عمدتاً به نتایج یکسان و یا نتایجی با اختلاف اندک در خصوص اولویتهای تعیین شده برای عوامل مذکور انجامید. مطالعهی حاضر علیرغم توصیه به توجه به شرایط فنی و محیطی مانند انبارداری مناسب و جلوگیری از برداشت بی­رویهی بذور در معرض تهدید و نیز فراهم نمودن شرایط مطلوب برای اهلی کردن گیاهان دارویی، نقش تحقیقات، آموزش و اطلاعرسانی در خصوص مزایای اقتصادی را تا حد زیادی مؤثر میداند. افزون بر این، طراحی و اجرای یک سازوکار نظارتی قانونی و سیاستگذاری فعال و فراگیر و نیز مهیا نمودن امکانات و تجهیزات لازم در خصوص آمادهسازی، کشت و برداشت بذور توسط نهادها و سازمانهای تصمیمساز و اجرایی، به طور قابل ملاحظهای در مدیریت مسائل موجود، اثرگذار خواهد بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
498 - Production Risk, Total Factor Productivity, Risk Premium, Sistan and Baluchestan
Javad Shahraki Shahram SaeedianThe study investigates consumers’ preference for cowpea reflected in the Nigerian markets through price discounts and premiums that consumers pay for different cowpea characteristics. The price data used for this study were obtained through a market survey. A comm MoreThe study investigates consumers’ preference for cowpea reflected in the Nigerian markets through price discounts and premiums that consumers pay for different cowpea characteristics. The price data used for this study were obtained through a market survey. A common data collection protocol was employed. Every month, between October 2009 to December 2010, five cowpea samples per seller were bought from randomly selected sellers in six markets and the prices noted. In the laboratory, the non-price data, such as, 100 grain weight, number of bruchid holes per 100 grains, eye colour and texture of the testa were obtained. A hedonic pricing regression model was used to analyze data collected. Hedonic pricing methods provide a statistical estimate of premiums and discounts. Results indicate that eye colour is the most important determinant of cowpea market prices. Cowpeas with brown colour commands a clear premium in all but one market. The consumers discount prices for insect damage in most markets. In general, this study signals the need for cowpea breeders to identify cost effective ways of breeding for brown coloured cowpea (Ife-brown specie) which was noted to attract price premium.Risk-averse farmers are prudent to use different inputs because every input has a distinct effect on output fluctuations and production risk as well. This paper examines the effect of input using growth on producer welfare of date farmers in Sistan and Baluchestan province which is the second greatest producer and exporter of date in Iran. It is well known that input using growth impresses both productivity and risk premium. These two factors contribute to producer welfare so that increasing the productivity will boost the welfare and an addition to risk premium shall detract the welfare of risk-averse farmers. Results showed that technical change has reduced both productivity and production risk in 2011/2012 and the welfare increased as 912727.21. But, in 2010/2011, productivity and risk premium had a positive growth and finally the producer's welfare experienced a reduction as 1041478.41. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
499 - Preventive Factors to Found Walnut Production Cooperatives in Tuyserkan Township, Iran
Mohammad AbdolmalekyThis study was conducted to seek the opinion of walnut producers on barriers affecting the success of producers to found production cooperatives regarding horticultural products in Tuyserkan Township, Iran. A sample of 234 walnut producers were randomly selected through MoreThis study was conducted to seek the opinion of walnut producers on barriers affecting the success of producers to found production cooperatives regarding horticultural products in Tuyserkan Township, Iran. A sample of 234 walnut producers were randomly selected through multistage cluster sampling technique. Descriptive- correlation research method was used in this study which has been implemented through the questionnaire. For determining the validity of questionnaire, the face and content validity was used. Reliability for the instrument was estimated at 0.94. According to factor analysis, barriers to found and develop walnut production cooperatives were categorized into seven groups that explained 65.799% of the total variance of the research variables. The results also indicated that lack of cultural infrastructures, inadequate knowledge and incorrect opinions of producers and leaders, inadequate laws and vulnerability and infrastructural barriers had the most effect to found and develop walnut production cooperatives, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
500 - Production Efficiency of Farmers under National Fadama II Project in Oyo State, Nigeria
O.L Balogun A. Adeoye S.A Yusuf R.J Akinlade A. Carim-SanniThe study examines production efficiency of farmers under National Fadama-II Project in Oyo State Nigeria. Primary data were collected from two hundred and sixty-four farmers using multistage sampling technique. The analytical framework used for the study include: descr MoreThe study examines production efficiency of farmers under National Fadama-II Project in Oyo State Nigeria. Primary data were collected from two hundred and sixty-four farmers using multistage sampling technique. The analytical framework used for the study include: descriptive, infrastructure index, gross margin and stochastic frontier production function. Average infrastructural index in the area was 0.42. The gross margin for IDV was ₦445, 968.30 while for IUV for under-developed in Fadama villages is ₦357, 805.00. Gross margin was higher for Fadama II farmers than non Fadama-II farmers in IDV. The mean technical efficiency was 0.69 and 0.59 for Fadama and non-Fadama farmers respectively. The result showed that technical inefficiency of female Fadama-II farmers reduced by 0.19% while that of non-Fadama II farmers by 1.23%. Similarly, extension contact, marital status and infrastructural status reduced technical inefficiency of Fadama-II farmers by 2.8%, 0.3% and 2.6% respectively. Presence of infrastructure of Fadama-II project has imparted on efficiency of resource use among the beneficiary. There is therefore need to improve on Community Driven Development programme like Fadama-II and on coming Fadama-III project or any developmental project, so as to further impart more technical and economic knowledge to farmers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
501 - Extent of Rural Women’s Participation in Agricultural Activities
Muhammad Luqman Ejaz Ashraf Muhammad Zakaria Yousuf Hussan Tahir Munir Butt Naveed IftikharRural women in Pakistan, under a small holding system of farming, play a pivotal role in farming. They actively participate in a range of activities related to crop production and livestock management. Rural women remain busy from dawn to dusk in various agricultural ac MoreRural women in Pakistan, under a small holding system of farming, play a pivotal role in farming. They actively participate in a range of activities related to crop production and livestock management. Rural women remain busy from dawn to dusk in various agricultural activities, including pre-harvest, post-harvest and livestock management. Their participation is well dispersed but less perceived because of insufficient data to show their active involvement in various agricultural activities. Keeping these points in mind, this study was designed to explore the extent of women’s participation in various agricultural activities in district Bahawalpur (Southern Punjab, Pakistan). A total of 125 rural women were selected through multistage random sampling technique and interviewed with a well-designed, pre-tested interview schedule, and the data was analyzed using SPSS. The results of the data analysis revealed that rural women’s participation level was at the top (M=2.87 and SD=0.42) in picking of cotton while their participation level was found low (M=1.78 and SD=0.88) in broadcasting of seed/fertilizer among different crop production and management related activities. While on the other hand their extent of participation was found at the top (M=2.90 and SD=0.30) in cleaning of animal’s sheds and found low (M=2.02 and SD=0.83) in calf rearing among different livestock production and management which were being performed by rural women. Regarding daily time given by rural women to perform various crop production, livestock production and household activities majority of rural women they devote>than 8 hours in a day to perform these activities as reported by 27.2%, 32.8% and 76.8% of the respondents, respectively. It is recommended that national commission should be established to recognize and documented the participation of rural women at various national and international forums. It is also recommended that women training wing should be established at national level under the supervision of district administration to train rural women in different areas of crop and livestock production so that they can contribute in a better way in the national economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
502 - نگرش ها و رفتار شالیکاران درخصوص برنامه های ترویج کشاورزی محصولات غذایی سالم (مطالعه موردی:شهرستانهای لاهیجان و املش، شمال ایران)
فاطمه عسکری بزایه فتح الله کشاورزشال زهرا مجیب حققدم پریسا شاهین رخسارتحقیق حاضر با هدف تبیین رفتار کشاورزان و نگرش آنها در زمینه مدیریت تلفیقی آفات با استفاده از روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و از طریق پیمایش صورت گرفته است. ابزار اصلی تحقیق پرسشنامه ای بوده است که روایی آن از طریق بررسی دیدگاه10 نفر از اساتید و کارشناسان اجرایی دست اندرکار وپ Moreتحقیق حاضر با هدف تبیین رفتار کشاورزان و نگرش آنها در زمینه مدیریت تلفیقی آفات با استفاده از روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و از طریق پیمایش صورت گرفته است. ابزار اصلی تحقیق پرسشنامه ای بوده است که روایی آن از طریق بررسی دیدگاه10 نفر از اساتید و کارشناسان اجرایی دست اندرکار وپایایی آن با استفاده از محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ (بالاتر از 7/0)تایید گردیده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق شالیکاران شرکت کننده در دوره­های آموزشی -ترویجی مدیریت تلفیقی آفات در دو شهرستان لاهیجان و املش بوده است که در فاصله سال­های 1391 تا 1393 تحت آموزش IPM قرار گرفته بودند.یافته­های تحقیق نشان داد که استفاده از روش­های تلفیقی(شیمیایی و غیر شیمیایی)، رهاکردن بقایای گیاهی در سطح مزارع و استفاده از کنترل بیولوژیک با میانگین به ترتیب 27/9، 25/9و 12/9از میانگین کل 5/6 بیشترین مواردی هستند که کشاورزان بعد از گذراندن دوره­های ترویجی تولید محصول سالم از آن استفاده نموده­اند.همچنین شرکت­های مشاوره­ای ترویج خصوصی، ناظران برنج، مروجین و مربیان کشاورزی، و تلویزیون با میانگین به ترتیب 14/11، 87/10، 80/10 و 71/10 از میانگین کل 49/7 بیشترین سهم را در اطلاع­رسانی به کشاورزان داشته­اند.با توجه به نتایج پزوهش آموزش زنان روستایی و استفاده از افراد جوان و تحصیل کرده خانوارهای کشاوزان به عنوان بازوان ترویج کشاورزی در انتقال نوآوری مدیریت تلفیقی آفات به درون خانواده پیشنهاد می­گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
503 - Evaluation Factors Affecting of Risk Production in Sistan Grape Growers by using Stochastic Frontier Approach
Nazar Dahmardeh Ali Sardar ShahrakiDue to agriculture is a risky activity and risk models is important in order to analyze the behavior of farmers, hence, in this study, the factors affecting risk-taking and risk aversion is the region grape growers. Data analysis was performed by using stochastic fronti MoreDue to agriculture is a risky activity and risk models is important in order to analyze the behavior of farmers, hence, in this study, the factors affecting risk-taking and risk aversion is the region grape growers. Data analysis was performed by using stochastic frontier. Data gathered by questionnaires at three counties of Zabol, Hirmand and Zahak at 265 grape farmers in crop year of 2011-2012. The results showed that the cultivated area respectively for the county of Zabol and Zahak risk–reducing and risk-increases, labor Rental at Zabol county risks - reducing and animal manure for the county of Hirmand and Zahak was risk - Reducing respectively. Therefore, the positive and significant labor input on risk factor is production as a result of seasonality, It is suggested that the focus on seasonal labor and employment Rental through agencies or through the representatives of the Ministry of Labor and Social Affair. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
504 - -Empirical Assessment of Environmental and Health Risks in Intensive Poultry Production in Kwara State, Nigeria
بوسلا آمولگبه خدیجت آبیمبولا عثمان موتیات اولاینکا آنیماشون جوبریلThe study was designed to assess the environmental and health risks arising from intensive poultry production in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 120 poultry farmers in Kwara State under the Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN) were selected randomly for the study, and MoreThe study was designed to assess the environmental and health risks arising from intensive poultry production in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 120 poultry farmers in Kwara State under the Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN) were selected randomly for the study, and structured questionnaires were administered. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and the linear regression. The study revealed that about 79.5% of the poultry farmers were literate, having completed at least a tertiary educational level. In addition, the results showed that the environmental and health issues were significant during production and processing. It was further revealed that the type of battery cage used and educational level of the farmers were positively significant, while the year of establishment was negatively significant when it comes to the adoption practices. This implies that the higher the level of education, the more likely farmers adopt improved practices. Moreover, it was observed that the majority of the poultry farmers do not abide by the environmental and public health laws and regulations; therefore, it is recommended that government should enforce strict supervisory agencies of the sanitation/health policies aiming at environmental preservation and protection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
505 - Forecasting Milled Rice Production in Ghana Using Box-Jenkins Approach
Nasiru Suleman Solomon SarpongThe increasing demand for rice in Ghana has been a major concern to the government and other stakeholders. Recent concerns by the coalition for African Rice Development (CARD) to double rice production within ten years in Sub-Saharan countries have triggered the to impl MoreThe increasing demand for rice in Ghana has been a major concern to the government and other stakeholders. Recent concerns by the coalition for African Rice Development (CARD) to double rice production within ten years in Sub-Saharan countries have triggered the to implement strategies to boost rice production in the government. To fulfill this requirement, there is a need to monitor and forecast trends of rice production in the country. This study employs the Box-Jenkins approach to model milled rice production using time series data from 1960 to 2010. The analysis revealed that ARIMA (2, 1, 0) was the best model for forecasting milled rice production. Although, a ten years forecast with the model shows an increasing trend in production, the forecast value at 2015 (283.16 thousand metric tons) was not good enough to compare with the current production of Nigeria (2700 thousand metric tons), the leading producer of rice of rice in West Africa. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
506 - Intensification of Rice Production Systems in Southeastern Nigeria: A Policy Analysis Matrix Approach
Albert I. Ugochukwu Chuma I. EzedinmaThe Nigerian rice sector has made remarkable improvement in the last decade as production has increased significantly thereby reducing the gap between domestic supply and demand. In the last three decades, rice imports make up greater proportion of Nigerian imports as r MoreThe Nigerian rice sector has made remarkable improvement in the last decade as production has increased significantly thereby reducing the gap between domestic supply and demand. In the last three decades, rice imports make up greater proportion of Nigerian imports as rice forms a structural component of the Nigerian diet. Past government inconsistent policies were not successful in securing good market share for domestic rice producers, hence producers suffered great losses. The recent resurgence of interest by the present administration to intensify domestic rice production has yielded positive results. The objective of this study is to analyze and assess the costs and benefits of intensification of rice production systems in southeastern Nigeria using a policy analysis matrix approach. Multi Stage sampling technique was employed in selecting 75 upland and 75 lowland rice farmers who were interviewed with structured and validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The result shows that upland; lowland and double rice cropping systems in southeastern Nigeria are profitable based on the policy analysis matrix (PAM) model, and rice production under various systems and technologies is socially profitable and financially competitive. While there exist comparative advantage in the various production systems, with lowland and double cropping being highest, substantial tax was imposed on rice imports in Nigeria and government investment in intensifying rice production had a positive impact on the output of local rice production. The study concludes with strategies for the development of rice sub sector in Nigeria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
507 - اهمیت اقتصادی تولید قهوه (Coffee Arabica) در منطقه پاربات نپال
سوجا شارما چاندرا کنت داکال بینود گیمیر آنوجا ریجال Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
508 - Analysis of the Effects of Agricultural Inputs Price Liberalization on the Production of Sunflower in Khoy Zone
Ali Bagherzadeh Fatemeh kazemzadehSunflower is one of four main annual oil plants that cultivated in oil and nut varieties. This plant as an important and industrial food product and because of nutritional features and the potential for earning exchange has become a valuable product in foreign and inner MoreSunflower is one of four main annual oil plants that cultivated in oil and nut varieties. This plant as an important and industrial food product and because of nutritional features and the potential for earning exchange has become a valuable product in foreign and inner markets and has a special position in agricultural sector. Khoy, by producing 40 percent of sunflower productions of country annually, is the greatest sunflower producer in Iran. The main purpose of this study is the analysis of the effects of inputs price liberalization on production of sunflower producers in this city. This study is according to a field research and cross-sectional data of 2009 have been used for it. Results show input price liberalization policy by increasing inputs prices and decreasing demand amounts of inputs, increases the production costs and decreases the production and totally it’s harmful for sunflower producers. For preventing negative effects of liberalization on production, adopting necessary policies such as merging small farms and making big ones to profit by economies of scale and increasing production and productivity with the resulted incomes from liberalization and spending them in scientific researches to produce with low costs are suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
509 - Examining Subsidy Polices on Maize Production in Iran (Panel Data approach)
Negin Hosseingholizadeh Jafar Haghighat Rassul MohammadrezaeiAmong the agricultural important factors, inputs are the most significant in agricultural production. This article aimed to examine the impact of government subsidy policies on production of one of the most strategic products, namely on production of one of the most str MoreAmong the agricultural important factors, inputs are the most significant in agricultural production. This article aimed to examine the impact of government subsidy policies on production of one of the most strategic products, namely on production of one of the most strategic products, namely maize, in Iran. To achieve this goal, panel data for the nine provinces of Iran's major producers of maize during the period of 1999-2007, is used. In this study, first the country's maize production function has been estimated by using data information for inputs: chemical fertilizer, labor, water, seeds and pesticides. And then, calculating the partial elasticity of production factors,sensitivity of production to changes in the value of inputs is evaluated. Also, using a methodology based on the maximum profit, inputs´ demand function is calculated.Results of analyzing government Subsidy Policy showed that, paying subsidy to chemical fertilizer decreases maize production 0.412 percent, because of low demand elasticity of this input. Also according to subsidy of seed, with regard to low demand elasticity of this input to its price, paying subsidy that decreases seed price, wouldn´t have so high effect on its consumption and consequently, on production growth, so that maize production only increased 0.478 percent due to paying subsidy to seed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
510 - Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Smallholder Cocoa Farmers in Cross River State, Nigeria
Agom Damian Ila Susan Ben Ohen Kingsley Okoi Itam Nyambi N. InyangThe technical efficiency involved in cocoa production in Cross River State was estimated using the stochastic frontier production function analysis. The effects of some selected socio- economic characteristics of the farmers on the efficiency indices were also estimated MoreThe technical efficiency involved in cocoa production in Cross River State was estimated using the stochastic frontier production function analysis. The effects of some selected socio- economic characteristics of the farmers on the efficiency indices were also estimated. The study relied upon primary data generated from interviewing cocoa farmers using a set of structured questionnaire. A multi-staged random sampling technique was adopted in selecting two hundred (200) cocoa farmers from Ikom Agricultural Zone in the state. The data on the socioeconomic characteristics of the farmers were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while the stochastic production function, using the Maximum Likelihood Estimating (MLE) techniques was used in estimating the farmer’s technical efficiency and their determinants. Result of the analysis showed that farmers were experiencing decreasing but positive returns to scale in the use of the farm resources. The efficiency level ranged between 0.20 and 0.93 with a mean of 0.69. The result of the generalized Likelihood Ratio (LR) tests confirmed that the cocoa farmers in the area were technically inefficient. The major contributing factors to efficiency were age of farmers, farm size, and level of education, sex of farmer and age of the farms. The study observed that there is enough room to improve efficiency with the farmers’ current resource base and available technology and concluded that policies that would directly affect these identified variables should be pursued. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
511 - Investigating Effect of Development of Agricutural,Industrial, Service and Oil Revenue to ICOR of Agricultural Sector
Zakiyeh Sadeghi Mojtaba Nikzad Mojtaba Bagheri TodshekiIn this study, considering the importance of incremental capital output ratio (ICOR) in agriculture Investment capital and self-sufficiency in this sector in order to grow and being influenced by the past and previous relationships strong agricultural sector productivit MoreIn this study, considering the importance of incremental capital output ratio (ICOR) in agriculture Investment capital and self-sufficiency in this sector in order to grow and being influenced by the past and previous relationships strong agricultural sector productivity growth in other sectors of the economy, especially the effect of oil revenues, was trying to, long-term relationships as well as their adjustment process described by the Autoregressive-Distributed Lag model (ARDL) to investigate.The results also confirm the long-run relationship between the variables of the model show that oil revenues in appropriate path to growth agricultural productivity have beentoo much attention to the industry and imports of agricultural products decreased investment in agricultural productivity.However,the service sector growth by improving marketing activities and financing farmers to improve venture capital productivity in the agricultural sector operates. In the long run, adjusting the intersection, the model indicates improved productivity in the agricultural sector is of capital. Shown the necessary support to the agricultural sector in the short term. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
512 - Economic Pricing of Water in Pistachio Production of Sirjan
Nasrin Ohadi Jaleh Kurki NejadGiven the strategic remarkable rank of pistachio in non-oil exports, inputs’ management in its production is so important. As the scarcest input in agricultural sector, water is considered to be among the most important inputs of pistachio production.Water inadequ MoreGiven the strategic remarkable rank of pistachio in non-oil exports, inputs’ management in its production is so important. As the scarcest input in agricultural sector, water is considered to be among the most important inputs of pistachio production.Water inadequate supply and limate conditions increase water demand in pistachio growing areas. It is necessary to determine the real value or price of water for establishing a balance between its demand and supply. Therefore, this study has aimed at estimation of water economic value. The method used in this research is the production function approach. Requested data sets were obtained from the questionnaires was filled out for crop years of 2013-2014. The results show that the average economic value of irrigation water is 50360 RLS but the average price paid by farmers is 1771 RLS per cubic meter of water. Thus, there is a wide gap between water value and the price paid by farmers with which appropriate pricing of water based on its economic value can be eliminated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
513 - تخمین تقاضای آب بخش کشاورزی با استفاده از تابع آب محصول ( مطالعه موردی ، سیستان)
Zahra Ghaffari Moghadamدر این مطالعه با استفاده از تابع آب- عملکرد و تابع سود، تابع تقاضا آب برای بخش کشاورزی در منطقه سیستان بدست آمد. نتایج حاصل از تخمین تابع تولید نشان می­دهد نسبت تبخیر و تعرق واقعی به پتانسیل اثر مثبت و معنی­داری روی نسبت عملکرد واقعی به پتانسیل برای محصول گندم و Moreدر این مطالعه با استفاده از تابع آب- عملکرد و تابع سود، تابع تقاضا آب برای بخش کشاورزی در منطقه سیستان بدست آمد. نتایج حاصل از تخمین تابع تولید نشان می­دهد نسبت تبخیر و تعرق واقعی به پتانسیل اثر مثبت و معنی­داری روی نسبت عملکرد واقعی به پتانسیل برای محصول گندم وجود دارد و با توان دوم نسبت تبخیر و تعرق واقعی به پتانسیل رابطه منفی و معنی­داری دارد. چنانچه این نسبت افزایش یابد نسبت عملکرد کاهش می­یابد. پس از بدست اوردن توابع تولید، با استفاده از تابع سود، تابع تقاضا برای بخش کشاورزی نیز بدست آمد. کشش قیمتی تقاضای آب برای بخش کشاورزی 10/1- برآورد شد کوچکتر بودن مقدار این کشش از منفی یک نشان می­دهد که سیاست­های قیمتی می­توانند عامل مهمی در کنترل مصرف غیر بهینه این نهاده با ارزش باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
514 - تکنیکهای زراعی، چالشهای محیطی و کارایی فنی تولید سیبزمینی شیرین در ایالت آبیا در نیجریه
نمدی اهریم گلوری بن چندو استفن اونیوگوچا اوبون اسین امکا اوسوجو ملیسا اوکوارادستیابی به تولید موفقیتآمیز سیبزمینی شیرین درصورت استفادة بیرویه از نهادههای کشاورزی دشوار خواهد بود و باعث اتلاف و صدمات زیستمحیطی خواهد شد هم­چنانکه کشاورزی در ایالت آبیا با این مشکلات مواجه است. مسائل ناشی از مصرف نهادههای کشاورزی و پیامدهای آنها برای محیط Moreدستیابی به تولید موفقیتآمیز سیبزمینی شیرین درصورت استفادة بیرویه از نهادههای کشاورزی دشوار خواهد بود و باعث اتلاف و صدمات زیستمحیطی خواهد شد هم­چنانکه کشاورزی در ایالت آبیا با این مشکلات مواجه است. مسائل ناشی از مصرف نهادههای کشاورزی و پیامدهای آنها برای محیط زیست نیازمند مطالعهای بر روی شیوههای زراعی مناسب و کارایی فنی مزرعهای برای استفادة بهینه از منابع در تولید سیب زمینی شیرین در ایالت آبیا بود. دادههای این تحقیق از 156 زارع سیب زمینی شیرین به کمک روش نمونهگیری چندمرحلهای با استفاده از یک پرسشنامة ساختارمند جمعآوری شدند. سپس این اطلاعات توسط آمار توصیفی مانند میانگین، توزیع فراوانی نسبی و تحلیل مرزی تولید تصادفی تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از کود غیرآلی (378/65 درصد) در سیستم تولید دیم با استفاده از سوزاندن مکرر بتهها (67/66 درصد) و استفاده از مقادیر پایین آهک (8/5 درصد) رایجترین شیوههای زراعی هستند که نتایجی چون آبشویی، شکنندگی خاک، فرسایش، سیلاب و اسیدی شدن خاک را در پی دارد. کشت مختلط (46/63 درصد) با ارقام بهبودیافتهای چون TIS 8164 (2/71 درصد) و TIS 0087 (1/64 درصد) اقداماتی برای مقابله با برخی چالشهای زیستمحیطیاند. برآورد درستنمایی بیشینه (MLE) حاکی از بازده به مقیاس 236/0 است که در حال کاهش میباشد. این موضوع نشان میدهد که افزایش اندازة مزرعه و مصرف کود میتواند به شکل معنیداری به ترتیب باعث افزایش متناسب کمتر از 06538/0 و 08142/0 در خروجی سیب زمینی شیرین بشود یا میتوان آن را با بهرة روی سرمایة استقراضی به اندازةکمتر از 004138/0 کاهش دهد. گاما (0403/0) کمتر از واحد و در سطح p < 0.05 معنیدار بود که نشان میدهد حدود 30/4 درصد ناهمخواهی بین خروجی مشاهدهشده و خروجی مرزی به خاطر عدمکارایی فنی کشاورزان سیب زمینی شیرین بود. ناهمخواهی گسترده در کارایی فنی کشاورزان بین 298/0 درصد تا 4/99 درصد متغیر بود و میانگین 1/47 درصد نشاندهندة نیاز به پر کردن این شکاف است. درنتیجه، به نظر میرسد کاهش اندازة خانوار، سابقة کشاورزی و منبعیابی مواد گیاهی از NRCRI یا IITA میتواند باعث افزایش عدمکارایی فنی کشاورزان بشود درحالیکه این عدمکارایی را میتوان با سن و سطح آموزش رسمی کشاورزان سیب زمینی شیرین در منطقه کاهش داد. به طور کلی، نتایج نشان میدهد که کاهش سوزاندن بتهها اما افزایش استفاده از آهک در کنار استفاده از افزودنیهای آلی به خاک و آبیاری اگر با کشاورزان جوان و آموزشدیده همراه شود میتواند باعث کاهش صدمات زیستمحیطی و همچنین افزایش کارایی فنی کشاورزان سیب زمینی شیرین در منطقه بشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
515 - اندازه گیری کارایی فنی و ریسک تولید گاوداری های شهرستان زابل
جواد شهرکی مصیب پهلوانی نسرین اوحدیهدف اصلی این مقاله برآورد کارایی فنی با استفاده از روش آنالیز مرزی تصادفی (SFA) و تحلیل پوششی داده­ها (DEA) و هم­چنین تأثیر نهاده­های بکار گرفته شده بر روی ریسک تولید گاوداری­های شهرستان زابل می­با­شد. برای این منظور اطلاعات از طریق تکمیل پرسشنام Moreهدف اصلی این مقاله برآورد کارایی فنی با استفاده از روش آنالیز مرزی تصادفی (SFA) و تحلیل پوششی داده­ها (DEA) و هم­چنین تأثیر نهاده­های بکار گرفته شده بر روی ریسک تولید گاوداری­های شهرستان زابل می­با­شد. برای این منظور اطلاعات از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه در سال 1393-1392 جمع آوری گردید. نتایج نشان داد که که میانگین کارایی فنی گاوداری­ها با استفاده از روش SFA، 74/0 درصد و بکارگیری روش DEA و تحت بازدهی ثابت و متغیر نسبت به مقیاس بترتیب 55/0 و 63/0 درصد برآورد گردید. هم­چنین یک رابطه مستقیم و معنادار بین میزان تولید و متغیرهای سبوس و تعداد رأس گاو وجود دارد. برآورد عدم کارایی فنی حاکی از وجود رابطه­ای منفی و معنادار بین سن دامپرور و عضویت در تعاونی با عدم کارایی فنی است. نتایج ریسک تابع تولید نشان داد که شرکت در کلاس­های آموزشی ریسک را کاهش خواهد داد. در نهایت آموزش در رابطه با بکارگیری مصرف بهینه نهاده­ ها و بکارگیری مدیریت مناسب جهت افزایش میزان کارایی گاوداری­ها پیشنهاد شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
516 - عوامل مؤثر بر رضایتمندی کشاورزان (مورد مطالعه: تعاونی های تولیدات کشاورزی در استان گیلان، ایران)
محمد طالقانی مهران مهدی زادههدف این مقاله شناسایی و اولویت­بندی عوامل مؤثر بر رضایتمندی کشاورزان در تعاونی­های تولیدات کشاورزی استان گیلان، ایران بود. بدین منظور، مطالعات کتابخانه­ای انجام شده و 15 عامل مؤثر شناسایی گردید و برای اولویت­بندی آنها، مطالعات میدانی از طریق پرسشنامه انج Moreهدف این مقاله شناسایی و اولویت­بندی عوامل مؤثر بر رضایتمندی کشاورزان در تعاونی­های تولیدات کشاورزی استان گیلان، ایران بود. بدین منظور، مطالعات کتابخانه­ای انجام شده و 15 عامل مؤثر شناسایی گردید و برای اولویت­بندی آنها، مطالعات میدانی از طریق پرسشنامه انجام گرفت. جامعه­ی آماری شامل کلیه اعضای تعاونی­های تولیدات کشاورزی استان گیلان بود که با فرمول کوکران، حجم نمونه 93 نفر تعیین گردید. بنابراین، پرسشنامه­ها به روش ترکیبی نمونه­گیریتصادفی وسهمیه­ای میان اعضای 12 تعاونی توزیع و تعداد 100 پرسشنامه به طور کامل گردآوری شد. روایی پرسشنامه به روش محتوایی و پایایی آن با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ 79 درصد مورد پذیرش واقع شد. برای اولویت­بندی عوامل، میانگین با استفاده از نرم­افزار اس. پی. اس. اس محاسبه گردید و نتایج نشان داد که همدلی و همکاری میان اعضا؛ راهنمایی و هدایت اعضا درباره مشکلاتشان و برقراری ارتباطات اثربخش با جوامع محلی، به ترتیب، عواملی هستند که بیشترین تأثیر را بر رضایتمندی کشاورزان مورد مطالعه دارد. به علاوه، نتایج نشان داد که رضایتمندی اغلب کشاورزان عضو در تعاونی­ها در سطح متوسطی قرار دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
517 - Perceived Effects of Poor Road Transportation Network on Crop Production in Kaiama Local Government Area of Kwara State, North central Nigeria
لطیف لاوا آدفولا اولوواسوگو دیوید اولورونفمی لطیف کهینده اولاتینوو یوسف اولاتونجیThis paper examines the effect of the poor road transportation network on crop production in one of the rural agrarian local government of Kwara State, Nigeria. A well-structured interview schedule was conducted to elicit information from 120 crop farmers using a two-st MoreThis paper examines the effect of the poor road transportation network on crop production in one of the rural agrarian local government of Kwara State, Nigeria. A well-structured interview schedule was conducted to elicit information from 120 crop farmers using a two-stage sampling technique. Findings from the study revealed that the poor road transportation network in their area had led to a reduction in their income, longer time in transporting produce to more buoyant markets, as well as incurring high transportation costs. Chi-square analysis revealed that there was a significant relationship between age, educational level, years of farming experience, and the respondents’ perceived effects of poor road transportation network for their crop production. The study recommends an urgent intervention from government and stakeholders in terms of construction and rehabilitation of roads in these rural agrarian areas in an attempt to help improve the livelihoods of the farmers through enhancing transportation of produce to more buoyant markets in good condition and at less cost. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
518 - Identify the Role of Virtual Production and New Technology on Organizational Agility and Profitability in Competitive Markets
Manizheh Mollaei sara sadat banihashemiDue to changes such as the complexity of competitive markets, new technologies, diversification of consumer needs, reducing the product life cycle and increasing the product diversity of organizations, and maintaining survival in the field of competition, companies must MoreDue to changes such as the complexity of competitive markets, new technologies, diversification of consumer needs, reducing the product life cycle and increasing the product diversity of organizations, and maintaining survival in the field of competition, companies must look for effective methods. The virtual production system, as one of the well-known management methods, helps to achieve agile production and survival in a turbulent environment. The main purpose of this study is to identify agility factors in manufacturing organizations and then to investigate the effects of virtual production strategy on agility capabilities. The present study is a descriptive correlational study. The method of collecting data related to research literature is the library method including various books and articles and domestic and foreign publications and the questionnaire method has been used to collect the data required in this research to test the hypotheses. The statistical population of this study is the employees of Ahangari Novin Company located in Tehran Industrial City, which includes 80 line workers, 20 people working in the financial, administrative, and office sectors, and 30 people working in the undergraduate and management sectors. Due to the specific number of members of the community, Cochran's formula has been used to determine the sample size. The sample size for a population of 130 is 97 people. The inferential statistical methods used in the present study are normality test and regression analysis. The results show that a high level of virtual production is effective in increasing agility. Therefore, it can be said that paying attention to virtual production leads to improving the level of agility and thus increasing the profitability of manufacturing companies in today's competitive environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
519 - Presenting the Model of Structural Equations of the Effect of Institutional Factors on the Implementation of Redistributive Policies with the Mediating role of Production Boom
Majid Nezhad Byglary Alireza Manzari Tavakoli Sanjar Salajeghe Zahra Shokoh Navid Fatehi RadThe aim of this research was to present the model of structural equations of the influence of institutional factors on the implementation of redistributive policies with the mediating role of production boom. The current research was quantitative in terms of applied pur MoreThe aim of this research was to present the model of structural equations of the influence of institutional factors on the implementation of redistributive policies with the mediating role of production boom. The current research was quantitative in terms of applied purpose, and in terms of method and nature of data. The data collection tool was three standard questionnaires. The statistical population of this research consists of all the employees of Iran's specialized state-owned commercial parent company, which were 4823 people in 1402. From the aforementioned statistical population, a sample size of 355 people was determined based on the table of Krejcie and Morgan, who were selected randomly, and the questionnaire was distributed among them, and the 355 questionnaires obtained were analyzed using PLS software. The results of the present study showed that institutional factors have an effect on the implementation of redistributive policies, with a mediating role of production boom. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
520 - Designing a sustainable integrated production system model under uncertainty considering the discount in production outsourcing costs
Saeed Shahdoust Mohammad Fallah Esmaeil Najafi -
Open Access Article
521 - Optimization of single outsourcer–single subcontractor outsourcing relationship under reliability and maintenance constraints
Mohammed Haoues Mohammed Dahane Nadia Kinza Mouss -
Open Access Article
522 - Development of framework for sustainable Lean implementation: an ISM approach
Jagdish Rajaram Jadhav S. S. Mantha Santosh B. Rane -
Open Access Article
523 - Development of system decision support tools for behavioral trends monitoring of machinery maintenance in a competitive environment
Michael Kanisuru Adeyeri Khumbulani Mpofu -
Open Access Article
524 - A discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm with local search for a production-based two-echelon single-vendor multiple-buyer supply chain
Mehdi Seifbarghy Masoud Mirzaei Kalani Mojtaba Hemmati -
Open Access Article
525 - Development of a cell formation heuristic by considering realistic data using principal component analysis and Taguchi’s method
Shailendra Kumar Rajiv Kumar Sharma -
Open Access Article
526 - Practical benchmarking in DEA using artificial DMUs
Hosein Didehkhani Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi Soheil Sadi-Nezhad -
Open Access Article
527 - Determining production level under uncertainty using fuzzy simulation and bootstrap technique, a case study
Mohammadreza Hamidi Kamran Shahanaghi Armin Jabbarzadeh Ehsan Jahani Zahra Pousti -
Open Access Article
528 - An archived multi-objective simulated annealing for a dynamic cellular manufacturing system
Hossein Shirazi Reza Kia Nikbakhsh Javadian Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
529 - A reverse logistics chain mathematical model for a sustainable production system of perishable goods based on demand optimization
Saeed Tavakkoli Moghaddam Mehrdad Javadi Seyyed Mohammad Hadji Molana -
Open Access Article
530 - Application of queuing theory in production-inventory optimization
Reza Rashid Seyed Farzad Hoseini M. R. Gholamian Mohammad Feizabadi -
Open Access Article
531 - Analysis of two production inventory systems with buffer, retrials and different production rates
K. P. Jose Salini S. Nair -
Open Access Article
532 - A mathematical model for the design of distributed layout by considering production planning and system reconfiguration over multiple time periods
Farhad Shafigh Fantahun M. Defersha Soha Eid Moussa -
Open Access Article
533 - Developing an economical model for reliability allocation of an electro-optical system by considering reliability improvement difficulty, criticality, and subsystems dependency
Maryam Mohamadi Mahdi Karbasian -
Open Access Article
534 - Multi-site production planning in hybrid make-to-stock/make-to-order production environment
Hamed Rafiei Masoud Rabbani Reza Kokabi -
Open Access Article
535 - Optimizing decentralized production–distribution planning problem in a multi-period supply chain network under uncertainty
Raheleh Nourifar Iraj Mahdavi Nezam Mahdavi-Amiri Mohammad Mahdi Paydar -
Open Access Article
536 - Joint pricing and production management: a geometric programming approach with consideration of cubic production cost function
Seyed Jafar Sadjadi Aghil Hamidi Hesarsorkh Mehdi Mohammadi Ali Bonyadi Naeini -
Open Access Article
537 - An economic production model for deteriorating items and time dependent demand with rework and multiple production setups
R. Uthayakumar S. Tharani -
Open Access Article
538 - Performance evaluation of the croissant production line with reparable machines
Panagiotis H. Tsarouhas -
Open Access Article
539 - A fuzzy model for achieving lean attributes for competitive advantages development using AHP-QFD-PROMETHEE
E. Roghanian Mohammad Alipour -
Open Access Article
540 - Analysis of interactions among the barriers to JIT production: interpretive structural modelling approach
J. R. Jadhav S. S. Mantha S. B. Rane -
Open Access Article
541 - An application of principal component analysis and logistic regression to facilitate production scheduling decision support system: an automotive industry case
Saeed Mehrjoo Mahdi Bashiri -
Open Access Article
542 - Optimal lot size of EPQ model considering imperfect and defective products
S.R Hejazi J.C Tsou M Rasti Barzoki -
Open Access Article
543 - A hybrid algorithm optimization approach for machine loading problem in flexible manufacturing system
Vijay M Kumar ANN Murthy K Chandrashekara -
Open Access Article
544 - Cooperative aggregate production planning: a game theory approach
Ashkan Hafezalkotob Samaneh Chaharbaghi Tahmineh Moradi Lakeh -
Open Access Article
545 - A Multi Objective Geometric Programming Model for Optimal Production and Marketing Planning
S.J Sadjadi -
Open Access Article
546 - Operator agency in process intervention: tampering versus application of tacit knowledge
P. Van Gestel D. J . Pons V. Pulakanam -
Open Access Article
547 - Lot sizing with rework and different inspection costs
Rasoul Haji Alireza Haji -
Open Access Article
548 - Solving a mathematical model with multi warehouses and retailers in distribution network by a simulated annealing algorithm
S Ebrahimnezhad H Javanshir A Najafi -
Open Access Article
549 - Dynamic modeling to determine production strategies in order to maximize net present worth in small and medium size companies
B Kiyani P Shahnazari Shahrezaei H Kazemipoor M Fallah -
Open Access Article
550 - Solving a generalized aggregate production planning problem by genetic algorithms
R Tavakkoli-Moghaddam N Safaei -
Open Access Article
551 - Policy options for value added to different levels of production
C.O Anyaeche -
Open Access Article
552 - Optimizing pricing and ordering strategies in a three-level supply chain under return policy
Mahsa Noori-daryan Ata Allah Taleizadeh -
Open Access Article
553 - Technical note: Water conservation in Kuwait: A fuzzy analysis approach
M Hajeeh -
Open Access Article
554 - The Factors Influencing the Quality Enhancement of Scientific Research in Azad Universities of Sanandaj and Kermansha
afsaneh zamani Ali Taghipour Zahir Mustafa Ejtehadi jalal mohammadeObjective:The aim of this study is to investigate the factors Affecting the quality enhancement of knowledge production and research in Azad universities of Kermanshah and Sanandaj. Methods: The research method in terms of purpose is applied and in term of data collecti MoreObjective:The aim of this study is to investigate the factors Affecting the quality enhancement of knowledge production and research in Azad universities of Kermanshah and Sanandaj. Methods: The research method in terms of purpose is applied and in term of data collection is survey. The study population consists of all faculty members and researchers and research managers of the Islamic Azad universities of Sanandaj and Kermanshah, the number of them is 298. Via Using Morgan table, 222 samples were selected for the research population utilizing a simple random sampling method. The formal and content validity was estimated through the questionnaire was estimated through its formal and content validity and its reliability by distributing a trial questionnaire in a sample of 30 people through Cronbach's alpha 878%. Results: The results of Friedman test showed that the components of education, financial resources, professional human resources, organizational culture of the university and the management have an impact on the quality of research in the university Conclusion: Among the factors: the assessment of the quality of students by seeking advice from the interested organizations, employers and other organizations and companies, the selection of interested researchers to encourage students, the creation of the IT- infrastructure to get access to scientific and technical information at the world level, and the development of a clear plan to self- manage some sectors of the university, the increase of revenues and decentralization of financial management were on top of the items. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
555 - Future studies Mutation of Iranian and American scientific products based a scientometric study: A Brief report
mousa bamir Mohammadreza CheshmyazdanObjective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the future of the share of Iranian and American scientific products in the total scientific production of the world. Methodology: The present study was performed by scientometric method. The source of the data searc MoreObjective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the future of the share of Iranian and American scientific products in the total scientific production of the world. Methodology: The present study was performed by scientometric method. The source of the data search is Wos, Scopus databases. The period is from 1995 to 2020. Linear and logarithmic linear functions and regression coefficients were used to predict time. Results: Iran's share of world scientific production, in 1995 in WOS and Scopus, respectively, is 00.4% and 00.5%, and in 2020 in both bases is 2.2, the average growth rate is 215%; The US share in Wos and Scopus in 1995 is 35.2% and 30.8%, respectively, and in 2020 in WOS and Scopus is 24.4% and 20.4%, respectively. Conclusion: The share of Iranian and American scientific production is converging over time, the share of the United States is declining and Iran is increasing. And this convergence is due to the sharp decline in US scientific production Than the rapid growth of Iranian production. As this trend continues, the share of the two countries in Scopus in 2058 and WOS in 2061 will be equal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
556 - Drawing word co-occurrence map in the field of digital transformation in the Web of Science database
ُSoheila Khoeini Alireza Noruzi Nader Naghshineh Zeinab JoziObjective: The current research was conducted with the aim of drawing word co-occurrence map in the field of digital transformation in the public sector in the Web of Science database.Methodology: This analytical research was carried out using scientometric techniques w MoreObjective: The current research was conducted with the aim of drawing word co-occurrence map in the field of digital transformation in the public sector in the Web of Science database.Methodology: This analytical research was carried out using scientometric techniques with library methods, vocabulary co-occurrence analysis and social network analysis. The statistical population of the research consists of 536 scientific publications in the field of digital transformation from 1996 to 2022 in the Web of Science database. Data analysis and the word co-occurrence map were done with the Excel, Bibexcel and HistCite and VOSviewer softwares.Results: The findings showed that the UK, Russia and India had the most publications on this subject. Dalhousie University, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Brunel University London were the most prolific research institutes for publications on digital transformation. Six clusters of digital transformation research were identified in the public sector, which include digital government services, digital infrastructure, digital transformation strategy, digital leadership and governance, transformative technologies, and digital innovation cluster (disruptive technologies).Conclusion: The results indicate that the majority of publications have been conducted around e-government, information and communication technology, digitalization, business, digitization and digital strategy, which shows the need to pay attention to the appropriate infrastructure and transform governments to move towards digital transformation in services. The need for international cooperation is necessary for the countries to achieve such a goal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
557 - A Survey on the familiarity of the faculty members with Citation databases, scientometric indicators ,and the method of evaluating scientific productions (Case Study: Jundi-Shapur Dezful University of Technology)
Maryam Hasannejad Kianush TafiObjective: The purpose of the research is to investigate the level of familiarity of the academic staff members of Jundi-Shapur Dezful University of Technology with reference databases, scientific metrics, and the method of evaluating scientific productions. Methodolog MoreObjective: The purpose of the research is to investigate the level of familiarity of the academic staff members of Jundi-Shapur Dezful University of Technology with reference databases, scientific metrics, and the method of evaluating scientific productions. Methodology: The research method is descriptive-survey based on a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population includes all full-time faculty members at Jundi-Shapur Dezful University of Technology (80 people) and no sampling was done. The obtained data were analyzed in Excel and SPSS version 26 software. Results: The research findings show that more than 73% of the faculty members of Jundi-Shapur Dezful University of Technology are familiar with citation databases and 54% with scientometric indicators, 61.6% with the method of evaluating scientific productions, and 61% with shared university systems, and this amount is above the average level in all cases and has a direct relationship with their academic rank. Has it. In terms of gender, the familiarity of the female group with reference databases and the method of evaluating scientific productions is more than the male group. In scientific indicators, the average percentage of the male group is higher than the female group. Conclusion: Fundamental policies for creating new attitudes toward academic research and holding workshops to familiarize with citation databases and scientific indicators can a significant effect on the visibility and effectiveness of scientific productions, the promotion of academic staff members, and accordingly, the promotion of the university's rank. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
558 - A survey of collaboration rate among of Iranian LIS students in producing scientific articles for annual student conference of Al-Zahra University (2000-2006)
amir reza asnafi farshid danesh maryam Pakdaman naeiniAbstract: Collaboration in research and production of scientific publications is common in all academic areas. This collaboration among researchers results in the development of scientific knowledge and hence the attainment of wider information. The significance of col MoreAbstract: Collaboration in research and production of scientific publications is common in all academic areas. This collaboration among researchers results in the development of scientific knowledge and hence the attainment of wider information. The significance of collaboration in the production of scientific publications in today's complex world where in the age of technology is very apparent. Scientists from many nations have realized that in order to get their work wildly used and cited to by experts, they must collaborate. This research aims to survey the rate of collaboration among Iranian LIS students on the production of scientific articles for the annual student conference of Al-Zahra University and assess their contribution to domestic scientific production in the field of Library and Information Sciences. It is through the efforts of the Al-zahra library and information science student's association and their lecturers that this annual conference happens every year and has been able to bring together lecturers, librarians and LIS students in order to debate the latest information in the aforementioned field since its establishment in 2000 for seven consecutive years. As this is a student conference and most of the LIS students of all levels submit papers to this conference. The aim of the present article is to survey the rate of collaboration among contributors which in turn should clarify the contribution of Iranian LIS students in the production of these articles. To that end submitted articles and thematic inclinations of each conference has been examined. Research results indicated that in the seven conferences held 63 articles were present in oral presentations form, of the 91 authors collaborating in the production of these articles, 51 were female and the rest i.e. 37 were male. The most number of articles, 15 on the subject of Iranian University Libraries in the form of a oral presentations were presented in 2003. The least number were submitted in 2000 and 2004 where a total of 7 in the form of oral presentations on the subject of the education of Library and Information sciences and its difficulties were submitted. Of the 63 articles 42 were presented individually while the other 21 were as a result of collaboration where 15 were the result of the collaboration of 2 authors and the other 6 the work of 3 authors. The most number of collaborative articles were submitted in 2005 and 2006 with 6 and the least number was presented in 2001 and 2003 where nothing was presented. The results of this research indicated that The LIS students of AL Zahra University with 18 articles took first place while The Chamran University of Ahvaz with 8 was second and Shiraz University with 5 came third. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
559 - Investigation and Comparison of the Use of Persian Scientific Journals Indexed in Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC) in Scientific Production of the Mother Universities Researchers During 2001-2010
Maryam Jahangiri Farideh AsarehPurpose: The present research investigates and compares the use of Persian scientific journals indexed in ISC in the scientific production of the mother universities researchers of Iran during 2001 to 2010. Methodology: This is an applied research which uses citation MorePurpose: The present research investigates and compares the use of Persian scientific journals indexed in ISC in the scientific production of the mother universities researchers of Iran during 2001 to 2010. Methodology: This is an applied research which uses citation analysis and descriptive documentary methods. The mother universities’ total number of scientific production in ISC has been 37988 documents during the given period. The Cochran formula was used for determination of the sample size. Based on this formula, the sample size of each university wan independently calculated. Then, the stratified sampling was used and the number of samples was determined by the ratio of documents in each university and each year. Consequently, the sample size of 2424 documents was obtained and the systematic random method was used to select the documents Data. Findings: Results indicated that 75.5% of the researchers had used ISC Persian scientific journals in their researches during 2001 to 2010. Isfahan University of Technology with 90.3% ranks first in this regard. Amir Kabir University of Technology (83.3%), Shahid Beheshti University (77.8%), Shiraz University (77.6%), Sharif University of Technology (75.3%), University of Tehran (77.1%), Tarbiat Modarres University (70%) and Iran University of Science and Technology (53.3%) have used ISC journals respectively. Conclusion: Findings of this research indicate that researchers often cite journals which are indexed in the citation databases. Moreover, the results of this study show that from all cited journals 57.9% are printed/electronic journals and 42.1% are printed journals. Therefore, it seems that the open access e-journals receive more citations from the users. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
560 - A study of information flow in the research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education
Ali Sadeghzadeh Vayghan Mohammad HassanzadehPurpose: This study aims to identify the status of the input, processing and output of information flow in the research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education and recognize the influencing factors and technical obstacles which mak MorePurpose: This study aims to identify the status of the input, processing and output of information flow in the research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education and recognize the influencing factors and technical obstacles which make significant decrease in information flow. Methodology: The research is an applied research and survey method was used. The population consisted of research assistants, managers of affiliated research centers, heads of academic library administrators and faculty members in 62 research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. After confirming its validity and reliability, 306 questionnaires were distributed between researchers. Finally, 222 (72/55%) of the questionnaires were returned. Findings: The overall status of information flow in the research centers, in the "collection and use" stage was appropriate and in the "production and storage", and the "dissemination" stages were inappropriate. In the "collection and use" stage, electronic forms were used more than printed formats and in the "production and storage" and the "dissemination" stages, printed forms were used more than electronic forms. Conclusion: The results of the study may be helpful to the managers of research centers in planning to improve the national and international information flow, use of information, skilled manpower and funds to support research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
561 - Writing scientific articles regarding ISI criteria
esmaeel habibi zohreh mirhoseiniWe are living in the information age. In this age, one of the important criteria for determination of the development of societies is Information and Science Production. It means the rate of the works and scientific articles that are indexed in ISI (Institution fo MoreWe are living in the information age. In this age, one of the important criteria for determination of the development of societies is Information and Science Production. It means the rate of the works and scientific articles that are indexed in ISI (Institution for Scientific Information) by the researchers of the country. Base on this meaning, each year ISI determines Countries' Scientific ranking; regarding their Science Productions. Recently, the scientific rating of researchers and authors were determined by their scientific rating on ISI in universities and research centers around the world, so researchers and authors struggle with improving their scientific rating for obtaining job opportunities and getting applied to authoritative universities in the world. This matter has been regarded strongly among Iranian researchers (especially, students and young researchers), so that to get acceptance from journals with high ranking in ISI. This article decides to help these researchers with introducing ISI main criteria of article writing. This article has been written for authors who (from all fields) know writing basically but want to write in a level that it would be indexed by ISI and help them to get a high position by citing to their articles. So this article is arranged by the article components ( such as; title , abstract , …) and the writing important points with ISI criteria for each component of article that has been explained in detailed with regarding Iranian authors weak points in writing articles scientifically. Thus among introducing and referring to the criteria of ISI for determining the authors and journals scientific ranking, this criteria for providing each component of article has survived; and was defined by discussion direct relation between them . ISI criteria has been based on powerful and logical reasons and so there are direct and logical relation between the ISI criteria for writing of the article components and Information Literacy. Thus authors notified that one of the important weak points of Iranian researchers in getting acceptance from the high ranking ISI journals for publishing their articles is lack of Information Literacy. so this article suggests that schools, colleges, research centers, and institutions must improve their students or researchers Information Literacy by starting the education courses of Information Literacy and essay writing scientifically based on ISI criteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
562 - Hirsh index: a model appropriate for calculation of scientific output of Gilan and Golestan Universites of Medical Sciences in Scopus database by the end of August 2011
Gholamali roudi Mohsen FallahPurpose: Scientific productions indexed in major databases such as Scopus are important criteria for ranking the medical universities.Publication of these scientific productions leads to increase their visibility and citation. The purpose of this article is to investiga MorePurpose: Scientific productions indexed in major databases such as Scopus are important criteria for ranking the medical universities.Publication of these scientific productions leads to increase their visibility and citation. The purpose of this article is to investigate the publication and citation status of Gilan and Golestan Medical Sciences universities’ by end of August 2011 designating their Hirsh index. Methodology: This study is a descriptive one that was conducted through Science metric Attributable to both the university and all papers published in the Scopus database and were indexed under review. The findings were presented using descriptive statistics. Findings: Golestan University of Medical Sciences faculty members with the rank of associate professors are13 and they have the maximum number. The faculty members with rank of instructor are 9 and they have the lowest number .The Gilan University faculty members with the highest rank of professor are 5 and have the maximum number. The faculty members with rank of instructor and associate professor have the lowest number. Conclusion: According to Scopus, the articles of the faculties of Golestan University of Medical Sciences were 502 titles ; and the articles of Gilan were 262. The research population consists of 444 faculties of both Universities among them 103 faculties belong to Golestan university and 341 faculties belong to Gilan university. 32 faculties of Golestan university have Hirsh Index (31.6%) and 43 faculties of Gilan University have Hirsh Index (12.61%). These 32 facuties of Golestan have 502 articles, 1080 citations and their H index is 94. But the 43 faculties of Gilan University have 262 articles, 689 citations and their HIdex is 82. So we can conclude that as well as our citation is , our H Index will go up. Golestan University faculties are less, but their H index is higher namely their scientific potential is higher. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
563 - Citation analysis and structural mapping of scientific productions of intellectual property rights from 2000 to 2010
Ali Jalali Dizaji Esmat Momeni Rashid JafarzadehPurpose: the purpose of this study is to analyze and visualizing of scientific productions in the field of intellectual property rights (IPR) in 2000-2010 at the ISI database. Methodology: this applied research tried to analyze data as scientometric methods. A total num MorePurpose: the purpose of this study is to analyze and visualizing of scientific productions in the field of intellectual property rights (IPR) in 2000-2010 at the ISI database. Methodology: this applied research tried to analyze data as scientometric methods. A total number of 678 articles published during 2000-2010 were extracting from ISI and saved as text files on personal computer. The Records were analyzed by Microsoft Excel, ISI.exe and HisitCite. Findings: the average manual growth rate during the period for publication of intellectual property rights (IPR) in the ISI is 8/7 percent. The scientific publication of IPR was produced with the participation of 49 countries and in 7 languages. The United State ranked the first with 219 records and 95/5% of the articles were in English. 512 academic and scientific institutions were collaborated in the production of this document. The University of Colorado was known as the most active institution with 12 articles. The subject of the main scientific cluster of IPR is about intellectual property rights in the international trade and economic. Conclusion: 59% of the total production have published by the first five countries. Authors' collaboration coefficient (cc) is 0.37 that implies a low co-authorship in this field. The main cluster of IPR shows the intellectual property rights has a special place in the international economics Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
564 - Analysis of scientific production "Economy - Business," in Science Citation Index (ISI web of science)
Davoud GorjizadehPurpose: In recent years, researchers review and analyze information and scientific products have been concerned subject to international, national and The Institute's. Economics and commercial sciences, discussed the knowledge’s related to economics and business. MorePurpose: In recent years, researchers review and analyze information and scientific products have been concerned subject to international, national and The Institute's. Economics and commercial sciences, discussed the knowledge’s related to economics and business. The analysis of scientific production in economics and business are also important in promoting and developing country. Methodology: This study method is a quantitative and use assessment of science techniques. This research studied Iranian researcher’s scientific products in the period 1990 to 2010. Conclusion: The results show that the growth of Iranian scientific papers in the fields of “economics-Business” in the study period has an acceptable amount, and 76% of the Iranian scientific productions were written inside the organization. Also Iranian researchers published more than fifty percent of its scientific productions in these fields in the qualified and first ranking journals and a high percentage of articles, "Economics-Business" (93%) Iranian researchers as the main author. Compared with Iran’s scientific products with two rival in the Middle East, Egypt and Turkey in the fields "economics-trade" The results showed that Iran has considerable growth, but Turkey from Iran in this field has outdistanced and Egypt is third . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
565 - Islamic Azad University’s scientific productions in Scopus (2007 & 2008)
abdolreza Noruzi Chakoli jafar gholi MollamohammadiPurpose: This study attempts to evaluate the scientific publications of Islamic Azad University of Iran in 2007 to 2008 in some dimensions such as “types of documents”, “languages”, “subject areas”, “sources” and “Sc MorePurpose: This study attempts to evaluate the scientific publications of Islamic Azad University of Iran in 2007 to 2008 in some dimensions such as “types of documents”, “languages”, “subject areas”, “sources” and “Scopus Covered Journals”. Methodology: To do this, ‘documentary’ and ‘citation analysis’ methods were used. Also, “comparative” method was used to analyze data. Findings: The results show that scientific productions of Islamic Azad University in 2008 were more than 2007 and it has been 62 percent growth. Therefore, “types of documents” and “languages” of Islamic Azad University’ scientific productions permanently have been increasing in 2007 to 2008. The university’s share in some subject areas such as “Multidisciplinary Chemistry and other chemistry areas”, “Applied mathematics”, “Pharmacology and Pharmacy”, “Food science & Technology”, “Veterinary”, “Agricultural Science, Plants and animals” and “Environmental sciences” were more than other subject areas in Scopus. Conclusion: There is only one indexed journal from Islamic Azad University, Branch of Tehran Sciences and Research entitled INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. The journal published 0.61 percent of indexed scientific productions of that university in Scopus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
566 - A Comparative Study on the Library and Information Science's Branches in USA, Canada, UK, with Iran: Emphasizing on their Effectiveness on the Amount of Scientific Productions at the international level
Sayyed Mahdi Taheri Mohammad Alaee AraniObjective: The objective of the current study is to determine the difference between library and information science's branches in USA, UK, Canada, and Iran, and their effectiveness on scientific productionsat the international level in these countries, Methodology: It MoreObjective: The objective of the current study is to determine the difference between library and information science's branches in USA, UK, Canada, and Iran, and their effectiveness on scientific productionsat the international level in these countries, Methodology: It is done by analytical–comparative approach, and with documentary method for data gathering. Findings: the results about the amount of library science's branches in Iran in comparison with others shows that, USA, Canada and UK have 46, 26, 20 specialized branches respectively. However, Iran sporadically has only 10 branches, in various universities with varied educational system. On the other hand, scientific production in mentioned countries except Iran is more than 43% of total production in this field (on the bases of WOS[1] database indexes) in 2000 – 2009 versus 0.255% share of Iran. Conclusion: Findings analyses reports that the multiplicity of specialized branches based on the need of indigenous community, consistent with new information technologies, and generally maturity of library and information science, have directly effects on the scientific productions. [1]- Web of Science (WOS) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
567 - Growth Trend and Citation Analysis of the Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman’s Publications in the Web of Science
Mohammad Bagher NegahbanPurpose: This study investigatesیthe growth and development trend of scientific productions (articles) by Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman’s faculty members in the citation database of Web of Sciences. The main purpose of this study was to identify and determin MorePurpose: This study investigatesیthe growth and development trend of scientific productions (articles) by Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman’s faculty members in the citation database of Web of Sciences. The main purpose of this study was to identify and determine the scientific productions of the Shahid Bahonar University’s faculty members. Methodology: The present study applied scientometric research method to conduct the study. The data were collected form The WoS database and analyzed by EXCEL and SPSS soft wares. The statistical analysis was based on descriptive statistics. First, all records produced by the Shahid Bahonar University’s faculty members during 2000-2011 and indexed by the WoS database were retreived. Then, analytical report for all indices were obtained and was entered into SPSS. For the citation analysis of the records, a citation report was produced for each faculty member and then the citation were saved in personal computer with full text format and finally analized by SPSS. Findings: The average annual growth rate of scientific productions of Shahid Bahonar University during the period of 2000-2011 showed an acceptable growth, especially with its ascending move since 2004, which could significantly improve the ranking of Shahid Bahonar University among other universities of the country. Data analysis showed that the Department of Sciences ranked first as the most productive department; most of documents and productions of which were done in chemistry faculty. Considering the most prominent researchers of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman in terms of number of documents, number of references and average reference for each document, we could say that fields of chemistry, mechanics and statistics were the scientific production engines of this university. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Shahid Bahonar University had had 1356 records during the examined years. Also, the average growth rate of this university was 33.6%. Considering the produced documents and received citations, Mohammadali Taher, Iran Sheykh Shoaei and Ahmad Sheykhi occupied the top most places based on productivity measure. Nearly all the documents were published in English. Considering the recruitment of new faculty members and the speed of the Shahid Bahonar University’s scientific production growth, one can say that this university will have a significant growth in terms of number of records in coming Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
568 - A decade of Islamic Azad University’s scientific productivity in ISI Databases (1999 to 2008)
afshin moosavi chalak abdalreza Noroozi ChakoliPurpose: This study attempts to evaluate the scientific publications of Islamic Azad University of Iran in 1999 to 2008 in some dimensions such as “types of documents”, “languages”, “subject areas”, “sources” and “IS MorePurpose: This study attempts to evaluate the scientific publications of Islamic Azad University of Iran in 1999 to 2008 in some dimensions such as “types of documents”, “languages”, “subject areas”, “sources” and “ISI Covered Journals”. Methodology: To do this, ‘Documentary’ and ‘Citation Analysis’ methods were used. Also, “comparative” method was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results show that scientific productions of Islamic Azad University in 2004 to 2008 were more than 1999 to 2003 and it has been 905/34 percent growth. Therefore, “types of documents” and “languages” of Islamic Azad University’ scientific productions permanently have been increasing in 1999 to 2008. The university’s share in some subject areas such as “Multidisciplinary Chemistry and other chemistry areas”, “Applied mathematics”, “Pharmacology and Pharmacy”, “Food Science & Technology”, “Veterinary”, “Agricultural Science, Plants and Animals” and “Environmental Sciences” were more than other subject areas in WoS. Also, JCR shows that the university hasn’t been any Journal in the Database. However, there is only one indexed journal from Islamic Azad University, Branch of Tehran Sciences and Research entitled: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. The Journal published 0/52 percent of Indexed Scientific Productions of that university in WoS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
569 - Magnesium ferrite/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite and its photocatalytic application in pollutant degradation and fuel production
majid Ghanimati Mohsen Lashgari Vassilios BinasPreparation of effective nanocomposite energy materials using Earth-abundant elements and eco-friendly chemicals for application in photocatalytic degradation of hazardous materials and production of fuel is a sustainable strategy for pollutant removal and supplying hyd MorePreparation of effective nanocomposite energy materials using Earth-abundant elements and eco-friendly chemicals for application in photocatalytic degradation of hazardous materials and production of fuel is a sustainable strategy for pollutant removal and supplying hydrogen, the green/carbon-free fuel in modern world. In this article, the nanostructured magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) semiconductor was synthesized and employed for the production of hydrogen gas through the light-induced splitting of alkaline H2S solution and photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange–a refractory azo dye. Investigations revealed that the synthesized photocatalyst has the ability to destroy pollutant and produce hydrogen. To improve the photocatalyst activity, graphene oxide (GO) precursor was prepared through the modified Hummers method and utilized directly in the hydrothermal synthesis of MgFe2O4/rGO nanocomposite. The evidence showed that the presence of rGO (reduced graphene oxide) and the formation of nanocomposite can significantly increase the decolorization ability and hydrogen release in terms of enlarging the photocatalyst surface area, slowing down the electron-hole recombination, and enhancing photon absorption. The degradation efficiency was 84% [measured after one hour operation of the photoreactor] and the rate of hydrogen release was 5567 µmol/h [per gram of photocatalyst], indicated the good performance of the nanocomposite photocatalyst in pollutant removal and fuel production Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
570 - Modeling and Comparative Study of the Behavior of Consumption, Production and Investment Sectors in the Money and Capital Markets of Iran
Fatemeh Masoumi Soureh Mohammadreza Nahidi Amirkhiz AliReza Bafandeh Zendeh Yousof HajiAsghariExtended Abstract With the view of the existence of different types of markets in every economy and according to the macroeconomic structure of every country, we can mention money and capital markets as the most basic financial markets. In the money market, resources MoreExtended Abstract With the view of the existence of different types of markets in every economy and according to the macroeconomic structure of every country, we can mention money and capital markets as the most basic financial markets. In the money market, resources are lent for a short period, and the most important task of this market is to create facilities for economic units and improve their liquidity. By definition, the money market is a market for trading money and other financial assets that are close substitutes for money that have a maturity of less than one year. In other words, the money market is known as the market of short-term financial instruments with the characteristics of low non-payment risk, liquidity, and high nominal value. The capital market is a market where longer-term bonds (with a maturity of one year or more) and company stocks are traded. Securities that are traded in the capital market (such as stocks and long-term bonds) are more interested in financial intermediaries. Considering that these institutions have a long-term investment horizon and prefer to invest in such long-term bonds. Several variables such as economic growth, investment growth in the production sector, investment growth in the housing sector, consumer price index, people's purchasing power, income and savings changes, employment, liquidity, inflation, exchange rate fluctuations, imports, exports, profit fluctuations, and bank interest. and... can be counted among the internal factors influencing the markets and consequently economic growth and development. One of the most basic goals of economic development is to increase the wealth and welfare of the people of the society. In the meantime, among the issues that can have a fundamental and significant role in the markets, is the behavior of economic variables, whose changes and fluctuations can affect the indices of those markets. Purpose In this research, an attempt has been made to investigate consumption behavior, production and investment, producer index and investor behavior in the years 1357 to 1397, using the Hodrick-Press filter method Methodology For this purpose, in this research, an attempt has been made to investigate the behavior of the consumption, production, and investment sectors in the money and capital markets of Iran. To achieve this goal, the annual data of variables of consumer price index, producer price index, private sector investment in new buildings in urban areas, inflation uncertainty, value of stock transactions and money supply have been used and after examining the behavior of each variable in the form of behavior Consumer consumption, producer production behavior and investor behavior for the years 1357 to 1397 have been investigated using Hodrick-Prescott filtering method, autoregression with distributed lag (ARDL) and vector autoregression (VAR) model. The price index of consumer goods and services is one of the types of price indices that shows the price changes of goods and services that are consumed by households in a period. This variable is expected to affect money and capital markets; Therefore, in this research, the consumer price index was used to evaluate the consumer's consumption behavior, and the producer price index was used to evaluate the producer's production behavior. The producer price index includes all productions (goods and services) in the country in question. The weight of each item is the sales volume (producer's sales) of that item to the total sales volume of items and the change in the price of items is the price of each item in each month compared to the price of the same item in the previous month. In the housing sector, it is expected that an expansionary monetary policy will increase the demand for housing by increasing the amount of money in the asset portfolio. Of course, this depends on various issues. For example, suppose the amount of money increases as a result of an expansionary monetary policy, people will try to buy other assets, such as housing, currency, and stocks, to use the amount of money more. If in that economy, the yield of the housing sector is higher than other assets, or if people in that society are more willing to make long-term investments. In that case, the demand for housing will increase and investors will replace housing with other assets, including stocks and currency. To investigate the behavior of these variables, the Hedrick-Prescott filter provides the unobservable time trend for the time series variable. This filter is used to separate permanent and temporary fluctuations in a time series. The working principle of this filter is based on the separation of fluctuations into permanent fluctuations (supply) and short-term fluctuations (demand). Finding After examining the behavior of the aforementioned variables using Hedrick-Prescott filtering, the results of the ARDL method with a distribution break for the money market showed that in the short term, the variables of consumer consumption behavior, producer production behavior, and investor behavior, and in the long term, all variables with money supply have a relationship But the results of the same method for the capital market show that there is no significant relationship between any of the variables with the value of stock market transactions, both in the short term and in the long term. The results of the VAR model for the money market showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the money supply and the consumer's consumption behavior and the investor's behavior of a previous period, and there is a negative significant relationship between the money supply and the producer's production behavior of a previous period, and the output resulting from this The method for the capital market indicates the existence of a significant negative relationship between the consumption behavior of the consumer, the production behavior of the producer and the behavior of the investor with the value of the stock transactions of a previous period. Conclusion The results of the ARDL method showed that in the long term in the money market, all the considered variables were related to the money supply, which indicates the confirmation of all the considered hypotheses for the money market, but none of the mentioned variables were related to the value of market transactions. Stocks were not related and it shows the rejection of all the hypotheses considered for the capital market. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
571 - Impact of ICT on Economic Growth in Iran
Shahabeddin Mamoory Fatemeh ZandiVarious research shows different results of the impact of Information and Communication Technology on countries' economic growth. The reason for this is the use of different variables as well as different calculation methods. In this article, we examine the impact of In MoreVarious research shows different results of the impact of Information and Communication Technology on countries' economic growth. The reason for this is the use of different variables as well as different calculation methods. In this article, we examine the impact of Information and Communication Technology on economic growth in Iran between the ages of 1989 and 2019. This research is conducted by Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) on the production function, which uses ICT investment as an explanatory variable. Unlike most studies based on recent 10 years data, this study examines 30 years data. Estimates of this study show that the impact of Information and Communication Technology on economic growth is positive and significant and nearly 0.12%, but it is insignificant to the impact of Labor Force and Energy Consumption on economic growth. The impact of the Labor Force was 1.17% and Energy Consumption of nearly 1%, and it also found that Capital Stock has a positive and non-significant effect on economic growth in recent years. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
572 - Automakers Clustering based on Economic Production Function using Data Envelopment Analysis
S. Rezaei Gh.R. Amin M.Gh. AriyanezhadDEA-based clustering approach reveals the input–output relationships hidden in the data items of input and output. DEA-based clustering approach employs the piece-wise production functions derived from the DEA method to cluster the car companies. Estimate produ MoreDEA-based clustering approach reveals the input–output relationships hidden in the data items of input and output. DEA-based clustering approach employs the piece-wise production functions derived from the DEA method to cluster the car companies. Estimate production function for each car company by input-output data is the benefit of this method. Thus, each car company (like Saipa) not only knows the cluster that it belongs to, but also checks the production function type that it confronts. It is important for managerial decision-making in different fields where decision-makers are interested in knowing the changes required in combining input resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
573 - THe effect of Globalization on technical efficiency of pharmaceutical products in Iran
Sahar. Shokri Oranus. Parivar Bijan. SafaviAs it seems inevitable for all countries to get involved in world economy.on one hand,expanded needs and necessities,and on the other hand specialized production have caused no country could pace in isolation.The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of globalizat MoreAs it seems inevitable for all countries to get involved in world economy.on one hand,expanded needs and necessities,and on the other hand specialized production have caused no country could pace in isolation.The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of globalization on technical efficiency of pharmaceutical products in Iran.In order to consider that,Cobb-Douglas and frontier production function with econometrics approach,Corrected ordinary Least Square(COLS),is used.The results reveal that the integration of intemational Trade(ITT) as the globalization has no effect on technical efficiency of pharmaceutical products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
574 - تجزیه و تحلیل انسجام معنایی جمله واره های زبان انگلیسی در درک و تولید دانشجویان ایرانی کارشناسی ارشد
Masoomeh Benshams Firooz Sadighi Mohammad Falahati Qadimi Fumani Naser Rashidiهدف اصلی این پژوهش یافتن تاثیر جمله واره های انگلیسی بر روی انسجام متن درک مطلب و نگارش بوده است. هدف دیگر پژوهش یافتن تاثیر جنسیت و سال تحصیلی دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد بر نمرات کلی آنها در آزمون بوده است. 200 دانشجو(112 مرد و 88 زن) به سوالات درک مطلب و نگارش جمله واره Moreهدف اصلی این پژوهش یافتن تاثیر جمله واره های انگلیسی بر روی انسجام متن درک مطلب و نگارش بوده است. هدف دیگر پژوهش یافتن تاثیر جنسیت و سال تحصیلی دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد بر نمرات کلی آنها در آزمون بوده است. 200 دانشجو(112 مرد و 88 زن) به سوالات درک مطلب و نگارش جمله واره های انگلیسی پاسخ دادند. برای تصحیح کردن آزمون نگارش جمله واره های انگلیسی از الگوریتم میلتساکاکی (2003) استفاده شد. مصاحبه شبه ساختاری با 30 دانشجو صورت گرفت تا نتایج بدست آمده توسط محققان تایید گردد. نتایج یافته ها با استفاده از ابزارهای آماری همچون مجذور کای و روش آماری تست من ویتنی نشان داد که جمله واره های انگلیسی بر روی انسجام و پیوستگی متن تاثیر داشته است. اما جنسیت و سال تحصیلی روی نمرات کل دانشجویان تاثیری نداشته است. نتایج این مطالعه دارای پیامدهای مهم آموزشی برای معلمان زبان انگلیسی ، دانشجویان و طراحان دوره های آموزشی است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
575 - Cognitive Style, Awareness, and Learners’ Intake and Production of Grammatical Structures
Parviz Maftoon Ghafour Rezaie -
Open Access Article
576 - اثرات بازخورد داربستی و اصلاحات صریح بر استفاده صحیح زبان آموزان ایرانی از حروف تعریف معین و نامعین انگلیسی در بیان شفاهی زبان آموزان
Lotfollah Samaee احسان رسایی محمد بوالیهدف از این تحقیق بررسی و مقایسه تأثیرات احتمالی دو نوع بازخورد اصلاحی صریح و پلکانی بر استفاده صحیح زبان آموزان ایرانی از حروف معین و نامعین انگلیسی در گفتار شان است. بدین منظور، 45 نفر از دختران زبان آموز سطح متوسط از یک موسسه زبان در شهرستان بهبهان به طور تصادفی به دو Moreهدف از این تحقیق بررسی و مقایسه تأثیرات احتمالی دو نوع بازخورد اصلاحی صریح و پلکانی بر استفاده صحیح زبان آموزان ایرانی از حروف معین و نامعین انگلیسی در گفتار شان است. بدین منظور، 45 نفر از دختران زبان آموز سطح متوسط از یک موسسه زبان در شهرستان بهبهان به طور تصادفی به دو گروه آزمایشی بازخورد اصلاحی صریح و بازخورد اصلاحی داربستی و یک گروه شاهد تقسیم شدند. این تحقیق به روش کمی با طرح شبه آزمایشی در قالب پیش آزمون، جلسات آموزشی، پس آزمون و پس آزمون با تاخیر صورت گرفته است. هر دو گروه آزمایشی در جلسات آموزشی فیدبک متناسب با گروه خود را دریافت کردند در حالی که گروه شاهد هیچ گونه فیدبکی در مورد خطاهایشان دریافت نمیکردند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که زبان آموزان گروه بازخورد داربستی و صریح نسبت به گروه شاهد هم در پس آزمون و هم در پس آزمون با تأخیر در استفاده صحیح حروف تعریف معین و نامعین برتر بودند. کاربرد نتایج تحقیق نیز توضیح داده شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
577 - تولید عبارات موصولی توسط فراگیران زبان ایرانی: تاکید براثر آغازین جمله
Parinaz Khayatan Ahmadreza Lotfi بهرام هادیانپدیده انگیزش ذهنی بسیار در شاخه روانشناسی زبان استفاده شده است و اخیرا نیز مورد استفاده در گرایش آموزش زبان قرار گرفته است. انگیزش ذهنی به عنوان تمایل گوینده برای استفاده از ساختاری که قبلا شنیده یا بیان کرده است درگفتار بعدی تعریف شده است. این پدیده کاربردهای آموزشی فر Moreپدیده انگیزش ذهنی بسیار در شاخه روانشناسی زبان استفاده شده است و اخیرا نیز مورد استفاده در گرایش آموزش زبان قرار گرفته است. انگیزش ذهنی به عنوان تمایل گوینده برای استفاده از ساختاری که قبلا شنیده یا بیان کرده است درگفتار بعدی تعریف شده است. این پدیده کاربردهای آموزشی فراوان در آموزش زبان به یادگیرندگان بیگانه و تولید گرامر داشته است. این تحقیق بنا برآن دارد که به بررسی تاثییر انگیزش ذهنی بر تولید ساختار موصولی در مقابل ساختار صفت و اسم در کوتاه و بلند مدت بپردازد. شرکت کنندگان شامل 40 یادگیرنده خانم در رده سنی 18 تا 25 سال بودند. 20 نفر برای شرکت در گروه گواه و 20 نفر برای شرکت در گروه آزمایش گماشته شدند. داده ها از طریق آزمون تشخیص گرامری بودن جملات و توصیف عکس جمع آوری شدند. یافته ها نشان دادن که اگرچه بهبودی در کوتاه و بلند مدت در عملکرد یادگیرندگان اتفاق افتاد ولی این تاثییر معنا دار نبود. این یافته ها با توجه به پیچیدگی ساختاری ، سطح دانش یادگیرندگان از ساختار موصولی، و سطح مهارت آنان از زبان مورد بحث قرار گرفت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
578 - بررسی دیدگاههای زبان آموزان در مورد بازخورد اصلاحی صریح و بازخورد اصلاحی داربستی نسبت به استفاده از حروف تعریف انگلیسی در گفتار
Lotfollah Samaee احسان رسایی محمد بوالیاین تحقیق دیدگاههای زبانآموزان ایرانی را در مورد دو نوع بازخورد اصلاحی داربستی و صریح در گفتار بررسی میکند. بدین منظور، 30 نفر زبانآموز دختر سطح متوسط با دامنه سنی 15 تا 20 سال از یک موسسه زبان در شهرستان بهبهان به طور تصادفی به دو گروه بازخورد اصلاحی صریح و با Moreاین تحقیق دیدگاههای زبانآموزان ایرانی را در مورد دو نوع بازخورد اصلاحی داربستی و صریح در گفتار بررسی میکند. بدین منظور، 30 نفر زبانآموز دختر سطح متوسط با دامنه سنی 15 تا 20 سال از یک موسسه زبان در شهرستان بهبهان به طور تصادفی به دو گروه بازخورد اصلاحی صریح و بازخورد اصلاحی داربستی تقسیم شدند. این تحقیق با روش کیفی در قالب مجموعهای از مصاحبههای نیمه ساختار یافته به منظور بررسی عمیق دیدگاه زبانآموزان نسبت به دو نوع بازخورد اصلاحی مورد بحث انجام شد. یافتههای مصاحبه نشان داد که نیمی از زبانآموزان در گروه بازخورد اصلاحی صریح نسبت به این نوع بازخورد نگرشی مثبت داشتند در حالی که نیمی دیگر تمایل چندانی نداشتند. به همین ترتیب، تعداد زیادی از زبانآموزان در هر دو گروه معتقد بودند که بازخورد اصلاحی معلم، حواسشان را پرت میکند. با این حال، اکثریت قریب به اتفاق زبانآموزان در گروه داربستی این نوع بازخورد را مفید دانستند. کاربرد یافتهها نیز توضیح داده شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
579 - EFL Textbooks, L2 Contacts, and Teacher Self-Efficacy: Impact on Learners’ Development of Oral Complexity, Accuracy, and Fluency
Manoochehr Jafarigohar Mehdi Karami zia Tajeddin Afsar Rouhi -
Open Access Article
580 - Investigating the Foundations and Jurisprudential Mechanisms of Productionand Employment with an Emphasis on Knowledge-based Economy
kamal mohammadbeygi faezeh moghtadaeeAbstract Background and Purpose: Employment and production are the main elements of every country's economy, which leads to its strengthening, prosperity, and economic development. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to examine the foundations and ju MoreAbstract Background and Purpose: Employment and production are the main elements of every country's economy, which leads to its strengthening, prosperity, and economic development. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to examine the foundations and jurisprudential mechanisms of production and employment with an emphasis on knowledge-based economics. Materials and methods: This paper is descriptive and analytical using library method. Ethical considerations: In this paper, the originality of the text, honesty, and trustworthiness are respected. Findings: Production and employment are not directly mentioned in Islam, but the importance of production and employment can be inferred from numerous verses and traditions. In other words, in the verses and narrations, numerous indications of the basics of production and employment to create prosperity and fight against poverty can be inferred. From this point of view, the use of natural resources (land), labor force and human management are the most important jurisprudential mechanisms of production and employment. Also, the production and application of knowledge, the use of expert staff, double work, proper management of resources, economic jihad and promoting the culture of consumption of domestic goods are among the most important mechanisms for the realization of the knowledge-based economy. Conclusion: Regarding the role of knowledge-based economy in production and employment and therefore economic development, it is necessary to formulate policies in line with the production of knowledge and the use of expert and efficient forces. Keywords: Production, Employment, Knowledge-based Economy, knowledge, Expert Force. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
581 - Reviewing Ibn Khaldun’s theory of state formation as a theory of Muslim reform in Seyed Farid Alatas’s reading: A case study Morocco
Fatemah Amin re'ya jezah Ali Murad Khani Sayyed Husayn Sadjadi Sayyed Javad Miri MinaqThe substantive interest of Ibn Khaldun, both in Al-Muqaddimah and Al-Ibar was describing the formation and decline of the state in the east and west of the Islamic world, which he tried to explain based on the cycle struggle between the two types of pastoral nomadic an MoreThe substantive interest of Ibn Khaldun, both in Al-Muqaddimah and Al-Ibar was describing the formation and decline of the state in the east and west of the Islamic world, which he tried to explain based on the cycle struggle between the two types of pastoral nomadic and sedentary societies. In order to develop Ibn Khaldun's theory, Seyed Farid Alatas has introduced it as a theory of Muslim reform. In his view, Morocco is a historical case that has experienced religious reform. . Theory of Ibn Khaldun lacks an economic system. For this reason, Farid Alatas has tried to take the modes of production from Karl Marx and integrate them into Ibn Khaldun's theory. The purpose of this study is to explain Ibn Khaldun's theory of state formation as a theory of Muslim reform in the Farid Alatas’s reading. To this reason, it has studied three consecutive Moroccan dynasties – Almoravids, Almohads, Marinids _. According to the study’s results obtained in a descriptive _ analytical manner, Farid Alatas, instead of simply repeating the information obtained from the introduction, offers a theoretical application of Ibn Khaldun's theory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
582 - The Effect of the Orff Music on Improving Rhythm Structuring
Farahnaz Noor MohammadiThis study examined the effectiveness of the Orff music on improving rhythm structure of girls between ages 6-11 in Tehran. 42 students were selected from music classes and were matched with the control group (n=42) by mental age using Colored Person Test. Before the st MoreThis study examined the effectiveness of the Orff music on improving rhythm structure of girls between ages 6-11 in Tehran. 42 students were selected from music classes and were matched with the control group (n=42) by mental age using Colored Person Test. Before the start of music training classes and three months after, both groups were assigned to Stamback rhythm test which was composed of three parts: spontaneous rhythm speed, auditory rhythm reproduction, symbolization and visual reproduction of rhythm. The findings indicated: (1) Improvement of rhythm structure but no significant difference in speed reduction in spontaneous rhythm in the study group, (2) There were no significant difference in auditory reproductions between the two groups, (3) The enhancement of symbolization was revealed in the whole music group, but progress of rhythm structuring production was shown only in 10-11 year olds. In conclusion Orff music is only effective in improving rhythm rate and visual reproduction of rhythm in subjects aged 10-11. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
583 - Investigation on reproduction biology in Leuciscus cephalus at Babolrud River (Mazandaran Province).
A. Ashja Ardalan A. Vosoughi E. RadThis study was carried out in Babolrood river ( Mazandaran province) from 5 September 2008 to 6 August 2009 on Leuciscus cephalus ( mahi sephid rood khanei ). The sampling was montly and samples were collected by Electroshocker. In total 441 Leuciscus cephalus were caug MoreThis study was carried out in Babolrood river ( Mazandaran province) from 5 September 2008 to 6 August 2009 on Leuciscus cephalus ( mahi sephid rood khanei ). The sampling was montly and samples were collected by Electroshocker. In total 441 Leuciscus cephalus were caught.Maximum fish abundance in stage 3 with 21.02 percent and the lowest number in sex maturation stage 6 with a frequency of 8.55 percent were. Maximum number of fish in terms of male gender in sex maturation stage 3 with the frequency of 20.55 percent and the lowest number was in step 6 with a frequency of 7.22 percent. The highest percent of female, in sex maturation stage 3 with 21.34 percent and the lowest number in step 7with a frequency of 8.70 percent were found. The mean diameter of oocytes in female fish from November to May was in ascending trend and mean was in May (69.83 ± 12.90 µ). The absolute fecundity minimum was 3005, maximum was 13194 and mean egg number was estimated to be 8038. The average percentage of gonad somatic maturation index (GSI) for males was 1.47 ± 0.94, for female was 2.95 ± 1.83 respectively. The total mean of condition factor (CF) was evaluated to be 1.12 ± 0.14 for males and 1.17 ± 0.15 for females. According to this review spawning time is from mid-May to late June and their spawning type once a time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
584 - Temporal and Spatial Variability of Non-Living factors, Chlorophyll a and Pelagic Primary Production in Sefid-Rood River Estuary
M. R. Rahimibashar A. Esmaeili Sary S. M. R. Fatemi S. A. NezamiSefid-Rood River Estuary is the most important riverine ecosystem in the south Caspian Sea. The aim of this study was to examine spatial and temporal variability of physical and Chemical factors, Chl-a and pelagic primary production during a year (November 2004 to Octob MoreSefid-Rood River Estuary is the most important riverine ecosystem in the south Caspian Sea. The aim of this study was to examine spatial and temporal variability of physical and Chemical factors, Chl-a and pelagic primary production during a year (November 2004 to October 2005) in five sampling stations in the Sefid-Rood River Estuary. Annual means (±SD) Physical and Chemical factors were: temperature 17.2±8.6 °C, Surface salinity1.77±1.32 ppt, battom salinity 2.79±3.27 ppt, turbidity 311.86±345.18 FTU, water tranprancy 36.5±25.33 cm, Do 8.69±2.88 mgL-1, 0.512±0.66 mgL-1, Sio2 5.68±1.91, TP 0.136±0.103 mgL-1, T.O.C. 10.3±9.9 mgL-1 and Chl. a 4.44±7.45 μgL-1. Minimum was zero in October and maximom in the September 22.85±2.5 μgL-1. There was a Spatial variability along the estuary and high level Chl. a determined in the river mouth (Station 4) with 7.5±10.65 μgL-1. Primary production determined in this estuary by dark and light bottle method and GPP 38.27±34.12 mgcm-2h-1 and NPP 201.6±289.9 mgcm-2d-1. Everywhere in this estuary nutrients appeared to be in excess to algal requirement and did not influence in Chl. a and primary production. The most important factor that influenced Chl. a was water temperature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
585 - Fecundity of Carassobarbus luteus in Karun River from Aghili Plains in Shushtar
M. Biria N. Javadzadeh Pourshalkoohi M. VelayatzadehCarassobarbus luteus fish, one of the Cyprinidae species and native to southwestern Iran, have been identified in the domestic water in the rivers and wetlands of Khuzestan Province. This study was performed Fecundity of Carassobarbus luteus in Karun River. Monthly catc MoreCarassobarbus luteus fish, one of the Cyprinidae species and native to southwestern Iran, have been identified in the domestic water in the rivers and wetlands of Khuzestan Province. This study was performed Fecundity of Carassobarbus luteus in Karun River. Monthly catches from February 2012 to April 2013 at three stations in the province took Aghili Plains. 385 samples of fish were collected from the study area to determine fecundity of ovarian tissue were selected samples in sexual stages 3, 4, 5. Mean of absolute fecundity of Carassobarbus luteus was 5754.59±7 and range from 740 to 43301 eggs. The highest of absolute fecundity in Length apperceive 205 to 210 mm equal 26800±1660.45. Also, the lowest of absolute fecundity in Length was 185 mm equal 1018±52.68. Also mean of relative fecundity in fishes 53.30±1.03 and minimum and maximum from 9 to 248 eggs. The highest of relative fecundity in Length apperceive 200 to 205 mm equal 222.8±10.38. The lowest of relative fecundity in Length was 185 mm equal 9.16±0.25. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
586 - An Investigation on reproducation stages of Perca fluviatilis in Anzali Lagoon
A. Ashja Ardalan A. Vosooghi L. SadeghThis study was carried out in the Anzali Lagoon From 2007 to 2008 on Perca fluviatilis (Percidae). The sampling was monthly and samples were collected by Gillnet. 254 specimens of perca fluviatilis were caught. The measured parameters were: Tl, Fl. body weight, sex, go MoreThis study was carried out in the Anzali Lagoon From 2007 to 2008 on Perca fluviatilis (Percidae). The sampling was monthly and samples were collected by Gillnet. 254 specimens of perca fluviatilis were caught. The measured parameters were: Tl, Fl. body weight, sex, gonad weight and egg diameter. Mean Fork length and body weight for males & females were 188 .4 mm, 116078gr respectively. In this study, 7 maturation stages were recognized; the most samples were at first stage (39.4%). We could recognize sexuality in 251 specimens. Males were %37 percent and females % 63 percent of the catch. The sex – ratio was, F: M = 1.7:1. The range of egg diameter was measured 14 to 42.25 , and the average of egg diameter has been 28.3±8.19 . The absolute Fecundity was estimated to be 35942.93 eggs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
587 - تولید پایدار و گرایش آینده
بهنام خسروزاده -
Open Access Article
588 - Frequency of mating type alleles in Alternaria alternata isolated from citrus products collected from South of Iran based on PCR
Alireza Niazmand Shahab HajmansoorBackground & Objectives: Sexual stage of Alternaria alternata has not been discovered yet. However, high levels of phenotypic and genetic diversity have been reported in different populations of A. alternata. In other Ascomycetes similar to this species, sexual repr MoreBackground & Objectives: Sexual stage of Alternaria alternata has not been discovered yet. However, high levels of phenotypic and genetic diversity have been reported in different populations of A. alternata. In other Ascomycetes similar to this species, sexual reproduction is controlled by a single locus, named MAT1, with two alleles MAT1-1 and MAT 1-2. The aims of this research were identification of frequency and distribution of both alleles of MAT1in A. alternata population of citrus collected from South of Iran. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, DNA was extracted from young mycelia of 45 isolates of A. alternata that previously were collected and isolated directly from different species and cultivars of the citrus plants showing leaf spot disease symptoms in different orchards of Southern region of Iran using CTAB method. Mating types were determined using specific primer sets for MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs and PCR assay. Results: A 642 bp amplicon and a 882 bp amplicon were amplified pecificlly for Mat1-1Mat1-2 isolates, respectively. No equal frequency of both mating type idiomorphs were observed in studied samples. Totally 16 and 29 isolates showed the presence of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs, respectively. Unequal frequency of both idiomorphs was observed in the citrus species and cultivars collected from different regions. Conclusion: It seems that unknown factors are involved in sexual induction of A. alternata in some regions and citrus hosts in South of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
589 - Biological production and assessment of the antibacterial activity of gold nanoaprticles
Parastoo Pourali Majid Baseri Salehi Sima Afsharnejad Javad BehravanBackground and Objectives: In addition to safety, nanoparticles produced via biological methods show antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. This study was aimed to isolation and identification of intracellular and extracellular gold nanoparticle producing strai MoreBackground and Objectives: In addition to safety, nanoparticles produced via biological methods show antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. This study was aimed to isolation and identification of intracellular and extracellular gold nanoparticle producing strains from soil and to investigate the antimicrobial effects of the produced nanoparticles on 10 common bacterial pathogens. Materials and Methods: In this study, after isolation of bacteria from the soil and production of the gold nanaoparticles by their supernatants and their pure cells, the bio-production was confirmed through visible spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The nanoparticle producing stains were identified based on gene amplification by PCR and gene sequencing. Finally, the antibacterial properties of the produced gold nanoaprticles against 10 pathogenic bacteria was assessed by well diffusion method. Results: Results showed that 38 strains had ability to produce extracellular gold nanoparticles. Among them 16 strains had ability to produce intracellular gold nanoparticles as well. TEM images of the gold nanoparticles showed sizes less than 100 nm and the XRD patterns confirmed the crystalline structure of the gold nanoparticles. Three bacterial strains, Bacillus mojavensis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus vallismortis, showed higher productivity. Antibacterial tests showed that the extracellular gold nanoaprticles had better activity against pathogenic bacterial strains than the intracellular produced ones. Conclusion: Production of gold nanoparticles was performed by biological method. This nanoparticles showed a same antibacterial activity against both tested gram positive and negative bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
590 - The Priority Setting of Proveniences for Investment In Iran’s Agronomy Subsector
Shahriar Nessabian Farhad NouparastLocate Since the investment components of national production is therefore investments, should follow any particular methodology that the amount of capital and profits back to the point of maximum desire.In this article provinces of the indicators defined terms having t MoreLocate Since the investment components of national production is therefore investments, should follow any particular methodology that the amount of capital and profits back to the point of maximum desire.In this article provinces of the indicators defined terms having the priority investment in agricultural activities and field ranked analysis of different areas of investment for national and regional programs running capital projects is provided.To do this technique factor analysis and numerical taxonomy analysis and cross section data from general agricultural census results in and population and housing 1385 used. Fars results showed that under most 1382 agricultural and boyer ahmad kohgiluyeh minimum capital formation has the ability.Reports by the ministry of commerce of buying wheat farmers in different provinces in recent years also confirm this result. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
591 - Comparative analysis of the optimal level of production capacity of the top factory industries in Iran
Mehran Hafizi Birgani Alireza DagigiAsl Mohammad Qoli Yousefi Timour MohammadiAbstractThe main purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of the optimal level of production capacity of the country's top factories. In this article, we compare five different industries that are leading industries in the field of production. These industries MoreAbstractThe main purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of the optimal level of production capacity of the country's top factories. In this article, we compare five different industries that are leading industries in the field of production. These industries are: (chemical, base metals, petroleum products, gold and jewelry, stone), in order to determine the optimal level of production capacity in the top factory industries with the two-digit code ISIC.Rev.2 and ISIC.Rev.3 from The translog cost function was used. Production efficiency is the equivalence of scale traction or cost traction (inverse of scale traction) with one. To obtain the optimal level of production, first from the equation of scale elasticity or cost elasticity with one, a production level was obtained which naturally satisfies the first condition, then the second condition in production was obtained for research purposes. The results of comparative analysis of top industries showed that the production capacity in the chemical industry was the amount of optimal production capacity equal to 598647 million rials. The average real output value of each industrial enterprise in the chemical industry production sector is 57042.36 million rials per year, it seems that the production companies in this sector have produced more than their capacity. And have made the most of their optimal capacity. Capacity utilization here was estimated at 185%. The amount of optimal production capacity of petroleum products is equal to 34921.6 million rials. The average value of real output of each industrial enterprise in the production of petroleum products is 39821.51 million rials per year, it seems that the enterprises of this sector have used their capacity in a more efficient way. Capacity utilization was estimated at 164%. The actual production level of basic metals was 57421.2 million rials per year, which indicates the minimum point of minimization of the total average cost function. The average value of real output of each industrial enterprise in the production of basic metals is 61235.2 Rials per year. This indicates that companies in this group of industries in the country use about 33.7% of their nominal capacity. Which is much less than the optimal value is required. The nominal production capacity of the gold and jewelry industries is about 59%. Production capacity is increasing. The amount of optimal production capacity in this industry was equal to 57846.3 million Rials. The average value of the actual output of each industrial enterprise in the production of gold and jewelry industries is 65432.2 million Rials per year, it seems that manufacturing enterprises in this sector of their capacity They used it in a better way. Capacity utilization here was estimated at 174%. The nominal production capacity of the stone industry is about 41%. The amount of optimal production capacity in this industry was equal to 26741.4 million rials. The average value of real output of each industrial enterprise in the stone industry production sector is 31254.6 million rials per year, it seems that the manufacturing enterprises in this sector have not used their capacity in a more optimal way. Capacity utilization was estimated at 78% in the analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
592 - Comparison Research on Buy- back and Production Sharing Contracts in Upstream projects of Oil and Gas Industry of Iran
Hooshang Momeni Vesalian Hojatolla Ghanimi Fard Mohammad MahmuodiUsing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), this research compares Buy-back and Production Sharing Contracts (PSC) together to find the optimum contractual method in finance and project implementation in oil-upstream section for both independent and Iranian joint fiel MoreUsing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), this research compares Buy-back and Production Sharing Contracts (PSC) together to find the optimum contractual method in finance and project implementation in oil-upstream section for both independent and Iranian joint fields. The most important decision-making criteria for making contracts in upstream section of oil and gas industry are classified to "Before" and "After" contract approval. The criteria were selected by Delphi method. To do this research, two questioners were filled out by professionals in oil industry in two stages and the data was analyzed by EC software. The analysis of data indicates that the PSCs are preferable than Buy-back contracts in both independent fields (76.56) and joint fields (73.46). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
593 - Foreign policy and reproduction of the economic system in the Islamic Republic of Iran as an oil-based government
Behrouz Asa&amp;#039;di Hosein PourahmadiAccording to the evolution of the global political economy, proper understanding of the foreign policy category of the Islamic Republic of Iran as an oil-based government and its relationship with the economic system is doubly important. Cox's votes seem to provide a go MoreAccording to the evolution of the global political economy, proper understanding of the foreign policy category of the Islamic Republic of Iran as an oil-based government and its relationship with the economic system is doubly important. Cox's votes seem to provide a good platform for understanding how this relates to us. The present article raises the key question of what effect does foreign policy have on the reproduction of the oil-based production system in the Islamic Republic of Iran? According to Cox's views, it seems that the structure of oil-based production, by establishing social relations of production and government configuration, has a fundamental impact on the formation of foreign policy in Iran, and in contrast, the action of foreign policy with its policies to It reproduces this economic system. In on this basis, the hypothesis of this study is that the action of foreign policy in Iran in the continuation of social relations of production, has sought to reproduce the structure of production and monopolize the government's use of oil resources. the purpose of this article is understanding the relationship between foreign policy and the oil-based production system in Iran, so it forms an exploratory research based on a retroductive strategy.The findings of the paper, with the emphasis on the Cox's views, show that the interests and tendencies of the dominant classes and social forces in oil-based social relations production in the Islamic Republic of Iran have a fundamental impact on foreign policy action in reproducing the oil-based economic system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
594 - Study the Effects of Range Management Plans on Vegetation of Summer Rangelands of Mazandaran Province, Iran
Nemtollah Kohestani Hassan Yeganeh -
Open Access Article
595 - The Effects of Climatic Parameters on Vegetation Cover and Forage Production of Four Grass Species in Semi-steppe Rangelands in Mazandaran Province, Iran
Mina Bayat Hossein Arzani Adel Jalili Saeedeh Nateghi -
Open Access Article
596 - The Effects of Deferred Grazing System on Vegetation Parameters in Semi-Arid Rangelands (Case Study: Jashlubar, Semnan, Iran)
Mojgansadat Azimi Moslem Mozafari -
Open Access Article
597 - Estimation of Browse Productivity for Acacia seyal (Delile) in Alazzazah Area, Blue Nile State, Sudan
Nancy Ibrahim Abdalla Mohammed Ibrahim Abdelsalam Mohammed Abdelkreim Abdalbasit Adam Mariod -
Open Access Article
598 - Effects of Time and Frequency of Clipping on Production and Regrowth of Agropyron trichophorum (Link) Richt in Emam Gholi Summer Rangelands, Ghochan, Iran
Zeynab Boskabadi Kamal Naseri Mansour Mesdaghi -
Open Access Article
599 - Nutritive Value and Digestibility of Rumex obtusifolius in Three Phenological Stages by Chemical, Nylon Bag and Gas Production Methods
Mohammad Amiri Andi Rambod Mortezaei Ali Ahmed Alaw Qotbi -
Open Access Article
600 - Livestock Production at the Nexus of Resources Competition and Ethnoreligious Cynicism in Nigeria–Implicative Analysis on Food Security
Akeem Sikiru -
Open Access Article
601 - Investigation of Climatic Parameters Affecting Annual Forage Production in BidAlam rangeland, Abadeh, Fars Province, Iran
Hossein Arzani Eshagh Omidvar Saeed Mohtashamnia Seyed akbar Javadi Mohammad Jafary -
Open Access Article
602 - Investigation of Relationship between Precipitation and Temperature with Range Production of Grasslands in North and North-east of Iran
Nafiseh Fakhar Izadi Kamal Naseri Mansoor Mesdaghi -
Open Access Article
603 - Livestock: Production, Management Strategies and Challenges
Maryam Asgarian -
Open Access Article
604 - Chemical Composition, In Situ Degradation, And Fermentation Kinetics Of Some Browse Plant Species Collected From Algerian Arid And Semi-Arid Areas
Samir Medjekal Mouloud Ghadbane Souhil Boufennara Laid Bebderradji Raul Bodas Hacene Bousseboua Secundino Lopez -
Open Access Article
605 - Comparison of Different Methods to Estimate Forage Production of Two Shrub Species Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.) Bieb and Halostachys caspica C. A. Mey (Case Study: Winter Rangelands of Golestan Province, Iran)
Zahra Mohebi Lyla Khalasi Ahwaz Gholam Ali Heshmati -
Open Access Article
606 - The Effect of Soil Moisture and Climatic Index of Evapotranspiration on Forage Production in Rangelands of Dehsir, Yazd province, Iran
Elham Fakhimi Hossein Arzani -
Open Access Article
607 - Effects of Intermediate-Term Grazing Rest on the Vegetation Characteristics of Steppe Rangelands
Naser Baghestani Mohammadtaghi Zare Ehsan Zandi Sedighe Zarekia -
Open Access Article
608 - In vitro Gas Production and Fermentation Parameters of Some Plants Species Collected from Algerian Arid Rangelands
Souhil Boufennara Samir Medjekal Lyas Bouazza Amal Hamedellou Ibtissem Bella Nour Elhouda Ayeb Secunino Lopez -
Open Access Article
609 - Assessment of Forage Production and Its nutritional Values for Local Cattle Farming in Rangelands of Kupang Regency Indonesia
Edi Sulistijo Ifar Subagyo Siti Chuzaemi Herni Sudarwati -
Open Access Article
610 - Modeling of Aboveground Net Primary Production Using Topography Factors in Siahpoush and Ganjgah Rangelands of Ardabil Province, Iran
Mehdi Moameri Pashmineh Mohammadnezhad Ardavan Ghorbani Farid Dadjuo Vadood Mahammadi -
Open Access Article
611 - Effects of Mix Cropping of Alfalfa and Annual Ryegrass on Forage Production
Seyed Jalil Noorbakhshian -
Open Access Article
612 - Assessment of Fire Effects on Surface Cover Changes and Forage Production (Case Study: Delfan County, Lorestan Province, Iran)
Amir Mirzaei Mossivand Farshad Keivan Behjou Ehsan Zandi Esfahan Ardavan Ghorbani -
Open Access Article
613 - Effects of Enclosure, Rest-delayed and Continuous Grazing Treatments on Production Rate and Vegetation Cover of SadrAbad Nodoushan of Yazd Pastures A.
A. Mirjalili -
Open Access Article
614 - Simulation Model for a Nomadic Animal Production System in Southern Iran
Gh. R. Badjian Dahlan Ismail M. Sh. Othman A.A. Mehrabi -
Open Access Article
615 - Relationships Among Forage and Litter Production in Three Grazing Intensities in Nodooshan Rangeland (Yazd, Iran)
E. Fakhimi M. Mesdaghi Gh.A. Dianati Tilaki M. Tavan -
Open Access Article
616 - Investigation of Changes in Rangeland Vegetation Regarding Different Slopes, Elevation and Geographical Aspects (Case Study: Yazi Rangeland, Noor County, Iran)
Hamid Reza Saeedi Goraghani Mojtaba Solaimani Sardo Nabi Azizi Ali Azareh Sara Heshmati -
Open Access Article
617 - Estimation of Stormwise Sediment Yield of Gully Erosion Using Important Rainfall Components in Different Land Uses of Zagros Forest, Iran
Farhad Nourmohammadه Taher Fatollahه Javad Mirzaei Karim Soleimani Mahmoud Habibnejhad Roshan Attaollah Kavian -
Open Access Article
618 - Modeling the Limitative Factors of Forage Production Suitability Using GIS (Case Study: Aliabad Rangelands, Lorestan, Iran)
Elahe Karami Ali Ariapour Hamid Reza Mehrabi -
Open Access Article
619 - Determination of Nutritional Value in Three Forage Species in Three Phonological Stages in Sabalan Rangelands, Ardebil, Iran
Abazar Ghanbari Mahmood Sahraei -
Open Access Article
620 - Assessment and Comparison of Different Methods for Estimating Forage Production (Case Study: Rangeland of Kurdistan Province)
Bahram Gholinejad Hassan PourBabaei Asghar Farajollahi Eiraj Parvane -
Open Access Article
621 - Studying the Vegetation Changes of Natural Rangelands in Inche Shorezar of Agh Ghala, North Golestan Province, Iran
Seyyed Ali Hosseini Jamshid Khatir Namany Morteza Akbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
622 - Presenting the model of science production in the thought of Ayatollah Khamenei
morteza molaeeReaching the pinnacle of Islamic civilization cannot be achieved except through scientific agnosticism through the transformation and evolution of society based on science and knowledge. Ayatollah Khamenei believes that science is the means of human happiness and the ca MoreReaching the pinnacle of Islamic civilization cannot be achieved except through scientific agnosticism through the transformation and evolution of society based on science and knowledge. Ayatollah Khamenei believes that science is the means of human happiness and the cause of human growth and prosperity, and the goal of research and education in the country should be the production of science. They consider removing science from the hands of the cruelest people and scientific resurrection and reaching scientific and religious leadership and the depth of knowledge as essential. In order to understand this proposition, we must answer the question, what is the model of theorizing, production of science and scientific authority in the thought of Ayatollah Khamenei? Replied This research is of applied type and with a mixed approach, which was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively by the library method and with content analysis and data theorizing of the foundation. According to the intellectual system of Ayatollah Khamenei, the production of science in its dimensions and components: pillars (theorizing, scientific independence, scientific authority, etc.), foundations and orientation tools (Quran, Ahl al-Bayt hadiths, Islamic principles, religious teachings, etc.), obstacles and challenges (petrification, dogmatism and scientific dogmatism, etc.), goals (scientific exclusion, theorizing in the field of science, etc.) to achieve independence, freedom, unity, progress, honor of Islam and Muslims, authority, Islamic civilization, vitality Facilitates science and ijtihad. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
623 - Investigating the Impact of Using Blue Ocean Strategy with Strategic Thinking Approach on Commercializing Innovative Production and Systematic Innovative
abas nikzad mohammadreza kabaranzad ghadimThe main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of using the Blue Ocean strategy on commercialization of production while using innovative production and systematic innovative production in Kaleh Amol Company. The research method is correlational. 89 experts MoreThe main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of using the Blue Ocean strategy on commercialization of production while using innovative production and systematic innovative production in Kaleh Amol Company. The research method is correlational. 89 experts of Kaleh Amol Dairy Products Company were selected as a statistical sample based on simple random sampling method using Karajsi and Morgan table. To collect data, there are four standard questionnaires, including the Kim and Maboren Blue Ocean Strategy (with a validity of 0.91), the David and North Production Commercialization Questionnaire (with a validity of 0.89), the Yadollahi Farsi Innovative Production Questionnaire, and Kalati (with validity). 0.87) and the Questionnaire for Systematic Innovative Production of David and North (0.96) were used. The research findings show that the use of the Blue Ocean strategy has a positive effect on the commercialization of innovative production and production, but the effect of using the Blue Ocean strategy on systematic innovative production has not been confirmed. It has also been shown that innovative production has a positive effect on systematic innovative production and systematic innovative production on commercialization of production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
624 - Development of Strategic Planning for Export Production Development Using SWOT and QSPM Model (Case Study: Kurdistan Province)
omar mahmoudi hiva rahiminia kawan mahmoudiThe main objective of this paper is to develop strategies for developing export production in Kurdistan province. Therefore, from three different statistical samples of exporting producers, experts and exporters, semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify the MoreThe main objective of this paper is to develop strategies for developing export production in Kurdistan province. Therefore, from three different statistical samples of exporting producers, experts and exporters, semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify the opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses of export production in Kurdistan province. Then, using the SWOT model and the QSPM tool, and examined the status of the province and prioritized strategies. The findings of this research on the divergence of views of various statistical samples and the need to consider the combined strategies of development of export production in Kurdistan province. In addition, the most threatened exports of this province are political issues, economic fluctuations and financial-administrative problems. Among other considerations are the importance of the natural opportunities of export production in Kurdistan province, which the government does not play in their creation, and the importance factor of the social capital of the province as strengths. And perhaps the most important result of this research is the quantum interconnection of the factors affecting the production of exports in Kurdistan province and the need to change structures in creating productive incentives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
625 - Modeling of Audit Production Efficiency based on the Business Risk Audit Approach
Shoeyb Rostami OstadKelayeh MohammadAli Aghaei Kumars BiglarAbstractBased on the business risk audit (BRA) approach, auditors should define and perceive strategic management control techniques and operating processes to evaluate a business. They should also select risk control processes in vital operating processes to estimate t MoreAbstractBased on the business risk audit (BRA) approach, auditors should define and perceive strategic management control techniques and operating processes to evaluate a business. They should also select risk control processes in vital operating processes to estimate the type and magnitude of residual business risks that might affect the accuracy and fairness of financial statements. In the present study, using a qualitative approach with the help of Grounded theory and in-depth interviews with 31 auditing experts in 2021 with the titles of partner, members of the audit organization and members of IACPA specialized working groups, to understand their mental meanings and BRA approach to conduct the audit was interviewed. In addition, textual data from notes and articles in international professional journals on BRA were used, which mainly provided the views of various experts. The research data were analyzed using open coding method in Grounded theory and major categories, categories, and subcategories (concepts) were extracted. Using a systemic approach that includes inputs, processes, outputs, outcomes and contextual factors, the model of audit production efficiency was designed based on the business risk audit and the categories that emerged were presented. Considering the limited scope of previous research on BRA and especially the lack of comprehensive research in Iran, the designed model, which is multifaceted and the result of the views of various auditing experts, provides a broad and comprehensive view of audit production efficiency based on the business risk audit that can be used in audit quality improvement programs, evaluating independent audit and other macro strategies for the development of audit methodology in Iran.Given the flaws and shortcomings of Iran’s current auditing framework, integrating the BRA approach into the current framework will be promising. At the same time, this approach can prevent over-auditing due to its proved inherent value. It can also be considered a naturally correct method of auditing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
626 - Capacity assessment of large-scale wind hydrogen production in very hot and humid region of Iran: A case study
Maryam Khalili Geshnigani -
Open Access Article
627 - Determining the Optimal Location and Amount of Distributed Generation Sources in an Unbalanced Radial Distribution Grid
Abbas Seif -
Open Access Article
628 - Investigating and Improving the Effect of Distributed Generation on Reliability in Wind Systems by ARMA Method
Omid Feizollahzade -
Open Access Article
629 - Analysis of the Impact of Business External Environment Components on Manufacturing-Commercial Performance of Industrial Units in Ardabil Province
Ali Nazari sheikh Ahmad fathi soroush Mostafa Azkiathe external business environment is composed of numerous external elements outside the organization and generally business managers are incapable of fully recognizing and exercising control over them. However, this environment and its components influence the decisions Morethe external business environment is composed of numerous external elements outside the organization and generally business managers are incapable of fully recognizing and exercising control over them. However, this environment and its components influence the decisions of business managers and their performance. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of the components of the business external environment on the performance of industrial units in Ardabil province. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this study was all managers of industrial units in Ardabil province. The minimum sample size for completing the questionnaires of this research was 184 entrepreneurs and was randomly selected and the questionnaire was distributed among them. The validity of the research instrument was calculated using the confirmatory factor analysis model and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and SMART PLS software using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling. Findings showed that the business external environment has a significant and positive effect on the production-commercial performance of industrial units. Also, the research findings indicated that the components of political and legal environment, economic environment, cultural and social environment and technological environment have a significant effect on the productive-commercial performance of industrial units. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
630 - Representation of power in the production of the social urban space Tabriz of the constitutional era and the first Pahlavi
shahab adamnavasi Atusa Moderi Varaz Christian MoradiThe concept of urban space is always facing many complications. An important part of urban spaces are public spaces. Confronting space as a commodity, government intervention and government programs have led to the monopoly of public spaces. The purpose of this research MoreThe concept of urban space is always facing many complications. An important part of urban spaces are public spaces. Confronting space as a commodity, government intervention and government programs have led to the monopoly of public spaces. The purpose of this research is to understand the process of production of public spaces in the city through power relations. For this purpose, power conflicts in the political, cultural-social and economic environment of Tabriz were investigated in two periods and sources such as documents and texts, maps and historical photos were used. The methodology of this study is in two stages, in the first stage, determining the indicators based on the ANT network technique and theoretical coding of the texts and documents of each course, and in the second stage, the analysis of these indicators is based on the power mechanism techniques, and finally, determining the power technology. Two discontinuities in this period, what is obtained from this research is that in the late Qajar and first Pahlavi, contrary to what is expected from a civil society, most of the spatial representations, apart from the constitution, instead of involving all people And the activists in the process of space production have been dominated by the rulers. However, due to the network nature of power, the resistances produced by other actors in the form of semiotic production and social production have been able to intervene in the process of space production to some extent and assert their right to urban spaces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
631 - Legal aspects of counternarcotics
seyedali Poormanuchehri afsaneh robatjaziDrug-related issues are one of the most serious issues in Iranian society and are important from various aspects of sociology, psychology, law, politics, etc. The link between crime and narcotics is one of the presuppositions that policymakers have always used to gain p MoreDrug-related issues are one of the most serious issues in Iranian society and are important from various aspects of sociology, psychology, law, politics, etc. The link between crime and narcotics is one of the presuppositions that policymakers have always used to gain public confidence and the need for a serious and intense fight against narcotics, and have developed specific anti-narcotics laws. Research Method The present study is a combination of descriptive, documentary and analytical methods, the final analysis of which has been done by qualitative analysis. Findings show that the legal aspects of counternarcotics are to reduce supply, stop production, cultivation, manufacture, trafficking, distribution and consumption and use of drugs and diversions and based on the nature and nature of judicial and disciplinary Has been explained. The crime of producing and manufacturing narcotics is the production of one narcotic from other narcotics, and the legislator has not made any special distinction between the production and manufacture of narcotics, and any quality of narcotics or psychotropic substance has been created. Has been considered a crime. In the distribution and supply of narcotics, any ordinary act where it leads to the transfer and distribution of narcotics to others without receiving any money or money for them is a crime. Distributor ownership is not a condition for the crime of distribution. The Anti-Narcotics Law, in terms of the dimensions of drug use and use, is more inclined towards the criminology of drug addiction and has chosen a "criminological" approach instead of "pathological" addiction, although a new look and approach to the approach It also has soft (disease-treatment, rehabilitation and prevention). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
632 - Providing a Model of Cost Efficiency Evaluation in Lean Supply Chain with Interpretive Structural Modeling (Case Study: Iran Khodro Company)
behzad latifian Mehrdad Ghanbari babak jamshidinavidThe purpose of the present study is to present a model to evaluate the efficiency of Iran Khodro Company production costs with a lean supply chain focus and using an interpretive structural approach.The method was qualitative-quantitative. In the qualitative section, 17 MoreThe purpose of the present study is to present a model to evaluate the efficiency of Iran Khodro Company production costs with a lean supply chain focus and using an interpretive structural approach.The method was qualitative-quantitative. In the qualitative section, 17 variables were extracted by interviewing the experts, and in the quantitative section, the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) method was used for modeling and then the Mic-Mac analysis was performed.Findings were to obtain a five-level model that was the most influential and the only variable in the fifth level of technology change and the most influential variables in the first level were profitability, gross income and basic cost efficiency index. According to the Mac-Mac analysis, technology change measures have low dependency and high conductivity, cost reduction measures, and gross revenue generating high impact and little impact on the system; the rest are interface type.According to the model of this research, technological changes can have the greatest impact on the cost efficiency of production. Other ways to improve the efficiency of production costs include: increasing production quality, optimizing production input costs, effectively managing production input price changes, increasing production capacity and ... Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
633 - Identifying Dimensions and Indicators of Pathology Model of Knowledge Production (Sample Study: Faculty Members of Islamic Azad University)
Kyvan Kave Taghi Aghahoseini Mahboubeh Sadat FadaviThe purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions and Indicators of the pathology model of knowledge production among faculty members of Islamic Azad University.The study is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative content analysis method .The study population MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions and Indicators of the pathology model of knowledge production among faculty members of Islamic Azad University.The study is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative content analysis method .The study population included were full-time faculty members at Islamic Azad University who were selected with a purposeful approach and desirable methods . Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data analysis method was performed using grounded theory coding method (three methods of open, axial and selective coding).The findings indicated that injuries related to the Azad University system with two subcategories "policy makers" and "research stakeholders", injuries related to organizational structure with three subcategories "rate "Formalization", "degree of concentration and decentralization" and "degree of complexity" and problems related to cultural, social and economic issues were obtained with two subcategories "socio-cultural factors" and "economic factors" as components of the above model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
634 - Mathematical Model for Transmission Dynamics of Hepatitus C Virus with Optimal Control Strategies
Mamo Wameko -
Open Access Article
635 - Modelling the Impact of Trapping Blackfly Vectors on the Transmission of Onchocerciasis
Julius Tumwiine Raymond Muhumuza -
Open Access Article
636 - Mathematical Model of Novel COVID-19 and Its Transmission Dynamics
Eshetu Gurmu Getachew Batu Mamo Wameko -
Open Access Article
637 - Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of HIV/AIDS with Herbal Medicine and Antiretroviral Treatment
Kumama Cheneke Geremew Edessa Purnachandra Koya -
Open Access Article
638 - Mathematical Model for the Effects of Intervention Measures on the Transmission Dynamics of Tungiasis
JAIROS SHINZEH Livingstone Luboobi -
Open Access Article
639 - Mathematical Modeling of COVID-19 Pandemic with Treatment
Abayneh Bezabih -
Open Access Article
640 - Stability Analysis of Fractional Order Mathematical Model of Leukemia
Lahoucine Boujallal -
Open Access Article
641 - COVID-19 Dynamics in Africa Under the Influence of Asymptomatic Cases and Re-infection
Abayomi Oke Oluwafemi Bada Ganiyu Rasaq Victoria Adodo Belindar Juma -
Open Access Article
642 - Coronavirus (covid-19) Transmission Dynamics with Vaccination: A Mathematical Model Analysis
Mengesha Firdawoke Mekash Mohammed -
Open Access Article
643 - A survey on the ecological sustainability of introducing new crops in the cropping pattern using emergy approach
samin fallahinejad mohammad Armin Mohammad AsgharipourEmergy analysis is an appropriate strategy for assessing the sustainability of agricultural production systems in a region. In this study, the sustainability of production of four widely grown crops, including wheat and barley,sugar beet and saffron were compared using MoreEmergy analysis is an appropriate strategy for assessing the sustainability of agricultural production systems in a region. In this study, the sustainability of production of four widely grown crops, including wheat and barley,sugar beet and saffron were compared using emergy approach in Khoushab County, Khorasan Razavi province, Iran. The total supporting emergy for wheat, barley, sugar beet and saffron was respectively 2.32E+16, 1.91E+16, 4.95E+16, and 2.04E+16 sej ha-1. The greatest portion of renewable environmental resources were obtained in sugar beet production systems (4.1% of total emergy), and non-renewable environmental resources occurred in barley production systems (55.7% of total emergy). Saffron production systems showed the greatest portion of renewable and non-renewable purchased resources (40.80 and 36.48%). Introduction of saffron and sugar beet as new crops in a given region, compared to wheat and barley as preceding crops in the cropping pattern, caused enhancement in renewable emergy ratio, environmental loading ratio, modified environmental sustainability index, and emergy input ratio, while decreased emergy yield ratio, modified environmental loading ratio, environmental sustainability index, and sustainable development emergy index. Saffron and sugar beet production as new introduced crops to the region resulted in the highest modified environmental sustainability index. Although the environmental loading ratio index of saffron cultivation was higher than other production systems, modified environmental loading ratio was lower than the three other production systems. Therefore, saffron can be recommended as a sustainable crop that has put the lowest pressure on environmental resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
644 - Investigating the monitoring and changes of plant indices in the semi-steppe rangelands of Khalil Beyg Arsanjan, Fars
seyed mohammad reza habibian alireza eftekhari mortaza khodagholi nadiya kamalirangeland monitoring is necessary in the sense of continuous investigation of these lands, considering the ecological importance, economic functions and constant changes of these resources. Based on this, monitoring of Khalil Beyg rangelands in Arsanjan city was done fo Morerangeland monitoring is necessary in the sense of continuous investigation of these lands, considering the ecological importance, economic functions and constant changes of these resources. Based on this, monitoring of Khalil Beyg rangelands in Arsanjan city was done for 2 years (2020 and 2021). The evaluated plant indices included the percentage of canopy cover of plant species, production rate of plant species, percentage of litter, stones and pebbles, bare soil, rangeland condition and trend. The results showed that the percentage of plant canopy cover ranged from 10.98% in 2020 to 15.5% in 2021 and the amount of production varied from 350.208 to 566.306 kg of dry matter per hectare. The range condition of the poor state has been investigated in two years and its trend was negative. Based on the results of the comparisons made using the independent t test, most of the plant canopy cover indices (vegetative forms and different palatable classes) and production indices (vegetative forms and different palatable classes) between the two The year of the survey period (2020 represents a wet year and 2021 represents a dry year) had a significant difference at the level of 1 and 5%. The results of Pearson's correlation test also showed that the amount of fall and winter precipitation, annual precipitation, average minimum temperature and average annual temperature had the highest correlation in the canopy cover and total production of plants in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
645 - Economic and Nutritional Values of Walnut: The Main Reason for Development of Walnut in Uzbekistan
Gayrat Pardaev Ruziboy Normamatov -
Open Access Article
646 - Development of Iranian Pistachio Knowledge Management Model Based on Knowledge Management for Development (KM4D) Model
Eldar Mohammadzadeh Seddigh Zahra Abazari Najla Hariri -
Open Access Article
647 - How Did Globalization Boost the Nuts Production in Indonesia?
Eko Hendarto Sandhir Sharma Maria Jade Catalan Opulencia Mohammed Khudair Hasan Aiman Mohammed Baqir Al-Dhalimy Iskandar Muda Mohammed Abed Jawad Krishanveer Singh Noor Abdul Ameer Jabar -
Open Access Article
648 - Diversity of Nut and Kernel Weight, Oil Content, and the Main Fatty Acids of some Almond Cultivars and Genotypes
Sohila Khojand Mehrshad Zeinalabedini Reza Azizinezhad Ali Imani Mohammad Reza Ghaffari -
Open Access Article
649 - Attaining Environmental Sustainability Through Cashew Nut Production in India: Revisiting the Role of Energy Consumption and Economic Growth
Noushad Cheriyambadan Muhammed Ashiq Villanthenkodath Hassan Shareef -
Open Access Article
650 - The Relationship Between JIT-Based Quality Management and Financial Performance in Car Company Listed on the Stock Exchange
aysan seyfi hossein Boudaghi Khajeh NobarNowadays, the quality management systems are important in the management of companies and organizations. Purpose of these systems is to increase profitability, survival of the organization and customer's satisfaction, along with steady decline of real costs. The impleme MoreNowadays, the quality management systems are important in the management of companies and organizations. Purpose of these systems is to increase profitability, survival of the organization and customer's satisfaction, along with steady decline of real costs. The implementation of these strategies can help organization to move from traditional form and led to dynamic and flexible structure. Thus many organizations cost a lot to achieve the benefits of establishment these systems. But in some cases, due to lack of correct understanding of the systems and particular conditions of the organization, implementation of these strategies leads to failure. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between JIT-based quality management and financial performance of organizations. To do so, car companies listed on the stock exchange during the years 1389-1385 selected and their financial information examined. The results indicated that between JIT-based quality management and return on equity, there is a significant relationship at the 99% confidence level while, there is no any significant relationship between JIT-based quality management and return on assets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
651 - Investigating the Effects of Knowledge Management Processes on Human Resource Management with Emphasis on the Mediating Role of Knowledge Utilization (Case study: Razi Customs of West Azerbaijan Province)
havaej Moghbeli, sirous Fakhimi AzarThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of knowledge management processes on human resource management with emphasis on the mediating role of knowledge utilization. The statistical sample of this research includes all managers and employees of Razi Custo MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of knowledge management processes on human resource management with emphasis on the mediating role of knowledge utilization. The statistical sample of this research includes all managers and employees of Razi Customs of West Azerbaijan Province in the number of 110 people. The present research is descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection method and is applied in terms of purpose. Library-field method has been used to collect relevant information in the form of a questionnaire. The presented model and the information obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed through SMART PLS software. Finally, the results show that knowledge production has a positive and significant effect on knowledge sharing and knowledge utilization and also the effect of knowledge storage on knowledge utilization is significant. Knowledge sharing also has a significant effect on knowledge utilization. Therefore, according to the results of this study, knowledge sharing and knowledge utilization leads to improved human resource performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
652 - The Effect of Green Supply Chain Management on Organizational Agility (Case Study: Iran Khodro Tabriz)
Masoumeh Safdari Reza RostamzadehAbstract The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) on organizational agility in Iran Khodro manufacturing company. For this reason, components of GSCM such as green design, green purchase, green production, green MoreAbstract The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) on organizational agility in Iran Khodro manufacturing company. For this reason, components of GSCM such as green design, green purchase, green production, green warehousing, green transportation and green recycling were used. First, the relation between its components on GSCM were investigated, then, the impact of GSCM on organizational agility were tested. The nature of the research is an applied and in order to collect the data a survey method was conducted. Iran Khodro Manufacturing Company in Tabriz was chosen to be study. All the managers, directors and supervisors were selected to study. To do so a questionnaires with total number of 94 were distributed to managers. Then for data analyzing Smart partial least square (PLS) software was used. The results showed that there is a positive and meaningful impact of GSCM components on organizational agility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
653 - Investigating the impact of GDP on income distribution in selected Islamic countries
reza rahimi AliAkbar BaghestanyDistribution of income and wealth is one of the problems and issues that exist in developing countries. This research aims to identify the factors affecting income distribution in the group of Islamic countries of Iran, Malaysia, Egypt, Algeria and Turkey during the per MoreDistribution of income and wealth is one of the problems and issues that exist in developing countries. This research aims to identify the factors affecting income distribution in the group of Islamic countries of Iran, Malaysia, Egypt, Algeria and Turkey during the period of 2004-2017 using panel data method. The results of Limer's F test showed that it is a panel model at a probability level of less than 0.05.In this regard, the results of the Hausman test indicate the randomness of cross-sectional effects. The estimation results of the model indicate that the logarithm of the GDP with a coefficient of 0.14, the logarithm of the price index with a coefficient of 0.07 and the logarithm of the population with a coefficient of 0.43 have a positive and significant effect on the Gini coefficient.The positive relationship between GDP and the Gini coefficient indicates the necessity of income redistribution mechanism. Considering the positive effect of inflation on the Gini coefficient, it is better to apply appropriate monetary policies to reduce inflation in the countries under review. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
654 - A Simulation Study on Impact of Climate Factors on Production and Requirements of Rice in Bangladesh
Md.AbuBakr Siddique Jun Furuya Shinataro Kobayashi M Abdus Salam -
Open Access Article
655 - Nitrogen Fertilizer Optimization and Its Response to the Growth and Yield of Lowland Rice
AMINA KHATUN -
Open Access Article
656 - Survey Changes of Nitrate and Tuber Production of Potato under Integrated Management of Manure and Chemical Fertilizer in Different Locations of Isfahan, Iran
MOHAMMAD ABDOLLAHI NASER LATIFI MOHAMAD REZA DADASHI -
Open Access Article
657 - Creation of a Spatiotemporal Map of Continent-wide Pesticide Consumption for Crop Production in the Period Between 1990 and 2020 Using the R Software
IMAN AHMADI -
Open Access Article
658 - اثرات کوتاه و بلند مدت پروژسترون درمانی ترکیبی با PMSG بر روی میزان باروری میش های نژاد قزل در فصل تولید مثل
قادر نجفیهدف این تحقیق مقایسه کارایی درمان پروژسترونی کوتاه مدت و بلند مدت بر روی میزان باروری میش های قزل در فصل تولید مثلی بود. 40 میش در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک های تصادفی در دو پروتکل هم زمان سازی فحلی ( کوتاه مدت 7 روزه و بلند مدت 12 روزه) و هر پروتکل با 20 میش مورد استفاده ق Moreهدف این تحقیق مقایسه کارایی درمان پروژسترونی کوتاه مدت و بلند مدت بر روی میزان باروری میش های قزل در فصل تولید مثلی بود. 40 میش در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک های تصادفی در دو پروتکل هم زمان سازی فحلی ( کوتاه مدت 7 روزه و بلند مدت 12 روزه) و هر پروتکل با 20 میش مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. درمان پروژسترونی شامل یک اسفنج واژنی محتوی 30 میلی گرم فلوئوروجستون استات (FGA) بود که به مدت 7 روز و 12 روز در واژن میش ها قرار داده شد. پس از آن در روز های 5 و 10 پروتکل ها 5/0 میلی لیتر Clo Pg و 400 واحد بین المللی PMSG به شیوه عضلانی به همه میش ها تزریق شد. درصد استروس, نرخ آبستنی و نرخ بره زایی در گروه درمانی کوتاه مدت به ترتیب 80 % ، 75 % و 56.25 % و در گروه درمانی بلند مدت به ترتیب 95 % ، 84.21 % و 73.68 % حاصل گردید. نرخ دوقلوزایی در پروتکل های درمانی کوتاه مدت و طولانی مدت تفاوتی نداشتند (1.44 در برابر 1.50). تفاوت معنی داری در پاسخ های باروری دربین پروتکل ها مشاهده نگردید (05/0<P). پروژسترون درمانی کوتاه مدت در هم زمان سازی فحلی میش های قزل در فصل تولید مثل موثر بود. لیکن در مقایسه پروتکل ها، پروتکل طولانی مدت نتایج بهتری را در درصد استروس، نرخ آبستنی و نرخ زایش در میش های قزل نشان داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
659 - Effects of zinc sulfate application on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L var. Shiroudi)
H. Hosein zadeh A. Mahdavi Damghani B. Delkhosh A. MohadesiToday, due to the increasing world population need to increase production of cereals, especially rice, expected to increase sustainable yield with the aim of research done. Nutrition Zinc to be important in rice production has. The effect of zinc sulfate spray Chelate o MoreToday, due to the increasing world population need to increase production of cereals, especially rice, expected to increase sustainable yield with the aim of research done. Nutrition Zinc to be important in rice production has. The effect of zinc sulfate spray Chelate on yield and yield components of Shiroodi rice cultivar, experimental research station in rice treated with 5 Tonekabon zero, 2, 4, 6 and 8 thousand Chelate sprayed zinc sulfate in the fourth repeat randomized complete block design was conducted. Sprayed in three stages one month after transplanting seedlings to the main field after flowering and milky stage were performed. The results showed that zinc sulfate spray Chelate significant effect on grain weight, number of tillers per square meter, number of panicles and percentage of seed grain was high. Concentration of 2 per thousand, most grain weight and tillers per square meter and number of grains per panicle were recorded and the lowest values of this index in the control group were observed. Since the building as a factor, carbohydrate metabolism and making proteins, the results of this experiment can be positive effects on the physiology of growth and yield of rice is produced. The results also showed that the concentration of two thousand best yield and yield components produced and used in the dose of zinc sulfate, as well as economic terms will be acceptable and positive effect on rice yield will increase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
660 - Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative yield of maize under conventional, integrated and in conversion to organic production systems
A. Mohageri M. R. Hajseyedhadi A. M. ShahsavarThis investigation was carried out to study the qualitative and quantitative performance of two varieties of forage maize under conventional, integrated and in conversion to organic production systems in summer of 2010 in Pishavar (in Varamin). The experimental design w MoreThis investigation was carried out to study the qualitative and quantitative performance of two varieties of forage maize under conventional, integrated and in conversion to organic production systems in summer of 2010 in Pishavar (in Varamin). The experimental design was split-plot, based on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments consisted of production systems (conventional, integrated and in conversion to organic) located in the main plots and two varieties (single cross 704 and single cross 260) arranged in the sub-plot. In conventional production system only chemical inputs were used. For integrated production system, chemical, organic and biologic nutrients were used together. But for organic production system, only biological organic inputs were applied. Results showed that maximum values for dry forage yield, wet forage yield were respectively related to the integrated production systems and the highest plant height obtained from conventional production systems, respectively. The results showed that single cross 704 have maximum values for all measured traits than single cross 260, except for nitrogen content in the leaves. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
661 - Effect of Purified Bacteriocin from Acinetobacter baumannii on some Pathogenic and Environmental Isolates and Its Inhibitory Effect on Hemolysin Production from S. aureu
Sahar Jabar Nasser Raghad A. Abdulrazaq -
Open Access Article
662 - The Effects of an Antiobesity Drug, Orlistat on the Liver and Testis of NMRI Male Mice
فرناز بناکار کاظم پریور پریچهر یغمایی هما محسنی کوچصفهانیobesity is a global epidemic health problem, which is related to many diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and types of cancers which impose a huge burden on individuals and health care system and society, therefore different antiobesity strategies a Moreobesity is a global epidemic health problem, which is related to many diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and types of cancers which impose a huge burden on individuals and health care system and society, therefore different antiobesity strategies are developed that using antiobesity medicines is a very common method besides exercise, diet .since every drug has side effects on some organs it is required to know these side effects and their severities. Liver and testis are two metabolic and reproductive organs of body additionally orlistat ameliorates poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by decreasing androgen levels then the study of its effect on testosterone levels in obese men could be important because of probability men infertility. In current study, we examined the effect of orlistat on serum ALT, AST, ALP and testosterone levels also liver and testis tissues in uncomplicated obese NMRI mice during six weeks. We studied control, obese, sham and experimental groups. In this study all groups except control group after acclimatization for one week received H.F.D for six weeks, after that all groups were fed by standard laboratory chow diet. Sham group received P.B.S and Experimental group received solution of orlistat orally during six weeks. The body weight was measured during the study period weekly. Our results showed that enzymes levels increased in obese group compare with other groups then orlistat ameliorated enzyme levels in experimental group but it was no differences significantly (Pandgt;0.05).Testosterone levels indicated changes between groups but these changes were not statistically significant ( p andgt; 0.05 ) . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
663 - The Status of Reproduction of the Collared Dove, Streptopelia decaocto in Haft-Tappeh and Miyan-Ab Agriculture Complex in Khouzestan Province of Iran
رضا کریم پور بهروز بهروزی راد سید مهدی امینی نسب سید مسعود حسینی موسویThe collared dove,Streptopelia decaocto belongs to family Columbidae, and is one of the most common species in Khouzestan Province. This study was carried out from April 8th 2011 to Jun 24th 2011. Reproductive behavior of Collared Dove, Streptopelia decaocto started at MoreThe collared dove,Streptopelia decaocto belongs to family Columbidae, and is one of the most common species in Khouzestan Province. This study was carried out from April 8th 2011 to Jun 24th 2011. Reproductive behavior of Collared Dove, Streptopelia decaocto started at April 27th with observation of egg laying behavior and finished at Jun 24th with flight of last fledging. During the study period 19 nests of Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) were surveyed. Breeding success was 46.48% was calculated. Breeding rate in the hatching,Nestling and Post-Nestling stages were calculated 60.52%, 42.10% and 36.84% respectively. There was significant difference between mortality in various stages (Pandlt;0.05). According to the Mann Whitney U test results, there was significant difference between the success in touched and untouched nests (Pandlt;0.05). Two Most important factors that decrease the success rate were predatory and climatic turmoil respectively that cause to eggs destroying and this occurrence happened in the start of reproductive season. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
664 - Biological study of reproduction in (Capoeta capeota gracilis) in south coasts of Caspian sea Mazandaran Province (Tajan River)
هومن شجیعی حسن فضلی ندا بانیBlack fish (Capoeta capoeta gracilis) is a valuable fish in fisheries industry, that exist in south coasts of Caspian Sea specially in Mazandaran province. In this research 180 pieces of fishes were studied about reproduction biology between 1386-1387 in Tajan River fro MoreBlack fish (Capoeta capoeta gracilis) is a valuable fish in fisheries industry, that exist in south coasts of Caspian Sea specially in Mazandaran province. In this research 180 pieces of fishes were studied about reproduction biology between 1386-1387 in Tajan River from south coasts of Caspian Sea in Mazandaran province. In this study biological factors related with reproduction for example: the variations of Gonad somatic index sex ratio, average fecundity and sex maturing stages have carried to account the main objectives. The maximum of GSIwas in April and may (spawning time) and the minimum was in October, November and December .GSI in spring and summer greater than autumn and winter. Like wise with age increasing the GSI increases consequently and the increasing gradient was more in premature stages in comparison with maturity. Sex maturing stages in different months were proportional with GSI and with age increasing the amount of maturity was higher subsequently. The maximum of GSI in male fishes were at ages 3-4 years and in females were 2-3 years. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
665 - Comparison of the Efficiency of Ruminal and Faecal Microbial Population from Sheep to Estimate the Nutritional Value of Corn and Sorghum Grains Using In Vitro Gas Production Technique
Abolfazl Aghajanzadeh-Golshani Naser Maheri-Sis Ramin Salamat Doust-Nobar Yahya Ebrahimnezhad Abolfazl GhorbaniThis study aimed to investigate the fermentation efficiency of faecal microorganisms in comparison with rumen microorganisms to estimate the nutritional value of corn and sorghum grains in ruminants using in vitro gas production technique. To perform in vitro gas produc MoreThis study aimed to investigate the fermentation efficiency of faecal microorganisms in comparison with rumen microorganisms to estimate the nutritional value of corn and sorghum grains in ruminants using in vitro gas production technique. To perform in vitro gas production technique with rumen liquor and faecal suspension, rumen fluid and fresh faeces were collected from three fistulated Gezel rams. The results of this study showed that there are no significant differences due to in vitro gas production between the two methods at different incubation times in experimental feedstuffs. There was no significant difference between two methods in terms of the amount of gas production from fermentable fraction (A) for corn grain, while the amount of this parameter by fecal suspension was significantly higher than that of rumen liquor in sorghum grain (P<0.05). Estimated metabolizable energy (ME), net energy for lactation (NEL), organic matter digestibility (OMD), and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) contents of experimental grains with rumen fluid and faecal suspension showed no significant differences.The amount of gas produced with rumen liquor can be successfully estimated from faeces suspension using the obtained equations Ysorghum=0.8929 X -1.6353 for the sorghum grain and Ycorn=0.9657X-3.4097 for corn grain. According to the results of the study, it seems that the animal faeces suspension has the potential to replace rumen liquor in the in vitro gas production technique for ruminants feed evaluation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
666 - The Effect of Different Dietary Zinc Sources on the Egg Production, Sex Hormone Concentration and Blood Zinc Serum of Broiler Breeders
Mehdi Jafari Mehrdad Irani Vahid RezaeipourThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different dietary zinc sources on the egg production, sex hormone concentration and blood zinc serum of broiler breeders of Ross strain 308. Two hundred birds in 4 treatments and 5 replications and 10 birds in each expe MoreThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different dietary zinc sources on the egg production, sex hormone concentration and blood zinc serum of broiler breeders of Ross strain 308. Two hundred birds in 4 treatments and 5 replications and 10 birds in each experimental unit at the age of 45 weeks were tested in a completely randomized design. Experimental groups included: 1-Birds fed the basal diet without any addition of zinc, 2- Birds fed diet supplemented by 110 mg Zn (sulfate)/kg of diet, 3- Birds fed diet supplemented by 110 mg Zn (organic)/kg of diet and 4-Birds fed diet supplemented with 110 mg Zn (hydroxide)/kg of diet. In this study, egg production traits as well as zinc serum, estrogen and progesterone concentrations of experimental birds were measured at 32 and 45 weeks of the experiment. The results of egg production showed that there was a significant difference between experimental treatments (p <0.05). The highest and lowest number of eggs produced were in treatment containing organic zinc and control treatment, respectively. Zinc serum concentrations at 32 and 45 weeks of the experiment were significantly different between experimental treatments (p <0.05). The highest and lowest zinc serum concentrations were in treatment containing organic zinc and control treatment, respectively. No significant difference was observed in serum concentrations in the blood of broiler breeders. The results of serum estrogen and progesterone concentrations showed that there was a significant difference between experimental treatments (p <0.05). The highest and lowest concentrations of sex hormones were in the treatment containing organic zinc and the control treatment, respectively. The overall results of the study showed that the use of organic zinc supplementation in broiler breeders’ diet significantly increased zinc serum levels as well as sex hormones. Also, organic zinc supplementation significantly improved egg production among the studied birds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
667 - The Effect of Linseed Oil and Ginger Powder on Production Performance and Egg Yolk Fatty Acid Profile in Broiler Chickens
Amin Kazemizadeh Khalil Mirzadeh Ali Aghaei Zarbakht Ansari PirsaraeiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of flaxseed oil and ginger powder on production performance and egg yolk fatty acid profile in broiler hens during three periods of 28 days. Number 200 pieces of Ross 308 broiler chicken with 45 weeks of age and in a c MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of flaxseed oil and ginger powder on production performance and egg yolk fatty acid profile in broiler hens during three periods of 28 days. Number 200 pieces of Ross 308 broiler chicken with 45 weeks of age and in a completely random factorial design (2×4) including 2 levels of ginger (zero and 1.5%) and two levels of flax (zero, 1, 2 and 3%) in 8 experimental treatments 5 replications of 5 hens per replication were performed. Only in the period of 28 to 56 and 56 to 84 days, egg production was affected by ginger powder and flax oil and their mutual effects (P<0.05). In the whole period, only ginger powder and the mutual effects of ginger powder and flax oil increased egg production (P<0.05). In none of the periods, linseed oil and the simultaneous effects of ginger powder and linseed oil had no effect on egg weight (P>0.05), and only the effects of ginger powder in the period 56 to 84 days were significant, which caused a decrease in egg weight (P<0.05). Egg mass measurement was affected by ginger powder and linseed oil and their simultaneous effects only in the period of 28 to 56 and 56 to 84 days and the whole period (P<0.05). Consumption of flaxseed oil and ginger powder and flaxseed oil at the same time led to a significant increase in egg yolk fatty acids and a significant decrease in the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 (P<0.05). In general, supplementing the diet of mother hens with 1.5% level of ginger and 2% level of linseed oil has a positive effect on production performance and egg yolk fatty acid profile. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
668 - Effect of Open Days in Holstein Dairy Cows on Genetic Ranking of the Bulls
Roohallah Barzehkar Nasser Emam jomeh kashan Masuod Asadi fozi Mohammad ChamaniMilk production and fertility are important traits for genetic evaluation of bulls in breeding programs. The goal of this research was to investigate the reproduction and fertility status in Iranian Holstein dairy cattle and effect of days open on the milk production an MoreMilk production and fertility are important traits for genetic evaluation of bulls in breeding programs. The goal of this research was to investigate the reproduction and fertility status in Iranian Holstein dairy cattle and effect of days open on the milk production and genetic ranking of bulls. A total number of 706,653 test day records of first parity of 78,517 Holstein cows in 448 herds during the years from 1991 to 2016 were used. The phenotypic and genetic relationship of the amount of milk production in 270 days and the number of open days and their genetic parameters were estimated through a two-trait model. Also data were analyzed using a random regression model and predicted the breeding values of bulls. The results showed that in the studied population, 7.7 and 60% of the cows in the herds became pregnant by 45 and 112 days after calving, respectively and 54.6% of successful pregnancies occur after 90 days in milk. The heritability of 270 days milk and open days and their genetic correlation were estimated of to be 0.257 (±0.016) and 0.0314 (±0.004) and 0.538 (±0.06) respectively. The range of estimated heritability of 270 days milk for first to ninth groups were 0.11-0.26. Days open was a source of variation of the parameter. The results showed that number of open days affected the predicted breeding value of bulls and their ranking. It is concluded that, in sire evaluation programs in order to increase the accuracy of breeding value prediction of the sires it is necessary to include the variable of number of open days in the statistical models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
669 - Effect of Oral Administration of Estradiol on Growth, Survival, and Reproduction of Gold Gourami Fish (Trichopodus trichopterus)
Sima Esmaeilzadeh Hooman Shajiee Vida Hojati Babak MoghadasiGourami is an important freshwater ornamental fish remarkable to fish lovers due to its variety of colors and high compatibility in the aquarium environment as well as its special beauty. The gourami is a member of the order Suffolk and is a suborder of labyrinthine fis MoreGourami is an important freshwater ornamental fish remarkable to fish lovers due to its variety of colors and high compatibility in the aquarium environment as well as its special beauty. The gourami is a member of the order Suffolk and is a suborder of labyrinthine fish. It is an herbivorous fish, but in artificial aquarium conditions, it also eats live foods such as Artemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using estradiol on reproductive characteristics of golden gourami fish. This experiment was aimed at prematurely maturing and producing more fish in a shorter time and at a lower cost in ornamental fish breeding workshops. In this study, 150 golden gourami fish in five groups of 10 (including one control group and four treatment groups, each with three replications) were studied for two months with diets containing different concentrations of estradiol (5.5. 0, 1, 1.5, 2 mg/kg dry diet). Biometrics of samples including standard length and total weight were performed every two weeks and fish reproduction indices were calculated at the end of the period. The results showed that the higher the dose of estradiol, the higher the reproductive index. Since one of the goals of experts is to increase the fertility of fish, according to the results of this study, the use of estradiol is recommended to improve the growth status of fish. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
670 - A brief review on titanium alloy for dental, biotechnology and biomedical applications
Sharif Heydari Maryam Sadat Mirinejad Mohammd Hossein Malekipour Esfahani Fatemeh Karimian Ali Attaeyan Mehran Latifi -
Open Access Article
671 - The Effect of Production Strategies on Competitive Priorities and Exports of Special Tactical Vehicle Products
Hamed Khanzadeh Seyed Morteza Madani Ali Nopour HolariProduction strategy is one of the most important types of applied strategy that plays a role in shaping the necessary competencies for competition among organizations. In this research, according to the background of the research and interviews with the experts of the s MoreProduction strategy is one of the most important types of applied strategy that plays a role in shaping the necessary competencies for competition among organizations. In this research, according to the background of the research and interviews with the experts of the special tactical vehicle industry, the competitive priorities and strategic measures of production in the mentioned industry were identified and the conceptual model of the research was formed. Then by finding the strategic production actions that has been affected by competitive priorities, we discussed their effects on export performance. Analysis of research data was done using inferential statistics such as correlation coefficient and multiple linear regressions; First, by using Kendall's correlation coefficient, the relationship of each of the four competitive priorities of quality, flexibility, cost reduction, and delivery capability was investigated with each of the twenty-seven selected strategic measures and significant relationships were identified. Then we analyzed the effect of the mentioned actions that has been affected by competitive priorities on the performance related to priorities in order to know its extent. On the other hand, we answered the question that to what extent, the mentioned combination of measures can improve the export performance of the studied units. The results showed that the specified set of measures can improve performance by 74.6% of quality, 9.2% of cost reduction, 61.1% of flexibility and 49.9% of delivery capability. Also, the set of strategic production measures can affect profitability by 44.5% at most. So, it can be concluded that other factors such as marketing, effective and appropriate communication, etc. are also effective on profitability. At the end, the limitations of the research were mentioned and suggestions for future research were presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
672 - Explicating the Agility Strategies Model in the Automotive Industry based on the General Policies of Resistance Economy
easa roghani mamaghani jalal haghighatmonfared ahmad jafarnejadAgility is a prerequisite for improvement in the industry. Academics and practitioners have long acknowledged the importance of agile manufacturing in achieving sustainable competitiveness. In that regard, the general policies of the Resistance Economy as an upstream do MoreAgility is a prerequisite for improvement in the industry. Academics and practitioners have long acknowledged the importance of agile manufacturing in achieving sustainable competitiveness. In that regard, the general policies of the Resistance Economy as an upstream document can be a good guide for the agility of country's manufacturing industries under the current sanctions. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to identify the agility elements and to explain agility strategies in the automobile industry. This research is applied research in terms of purpose and qualitative research in terms of method. Thematic analysis was done and document data was coded manually and using software, which led to the identification of 37 basic themes. Then, by using fuzzy Delphi method, a questionnaire was surveyed by selected experts of the automobile industry. The results confirm the strong association of the 15 themes with the industry under study. These basic themes were categorized into 3 organizer themes, using the cognitive mapping method, which was mapped into a thematic network. According to the research findings, the agility strategies of the automotive industry are: 1- Agility of human resources through: empowerment, upgrade of training, increase of skills, experience and flexibility enhancing, jihad work culture, standard work culture, and strengthening team work, 2- Agility of production and operations through: enhancing production factors, production and product flexibility, and production and product quality, and 3- Supply chain agility strategies through: Enterprise resource management, competency management, variety in supplying, broadening co-operations and partnerships, have been introduced as agility strategies of the automotive industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
673 - Formulating the Conceptual Framework of the "Right to the City" Theory by Exploring Lefebvre's Thoughts
pante a alipour kohi saeede alikaei Seyedeh Maryam MaddahzadOne of the most important human social needs is the need for justice in urban space The theory of the "Right to the City" is one of the most basic justice-oriented social theories in the 20th century, the basic axis of which is man and his social needs. Lefebvre, the fo MoreOne of the most important human social needs is the need for justice in urban space The theory of the "Right to the City" is one of the most basic justice-oriented social theories in the 20th century, the basic axis of which is man and his social needs. Lefebvre, the founder of this theory, saw the city as a social structure and believed that citizens have rights to the city. This theory has been followed by many researchers in recent years. Still, their results have not gone beyond the investigation of theoretical and philosophical bases and fewer researchers have addressed the spatial dimensions and qualities necessary to realize this importance in the urban space. This research aims to reach solutions for the realization of the right to the city by exploring the political, social, and philosophical roots, reviewing the experiences and legal frameworks developed in the world, and analyzing the effectiveness of the proposed axes. Through qualitative research with directional content analysis, and the exploratory approach based on library and document studies, the conceptual framework of the right to the city and the practical components for its realization were extracted. this conceptual framework is based on two main components "the right to urban participation" and "the right to allocate space", and criteria of proper urban governance, inclusiveness and diversity, spatial access, and spatial qualities. Its application has been introduced in order to create a mutual learning structure in the process of interactions between public, and private institutions and people, and the mutual understanding of the actors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
674 - Internal Disputes in the Political Structure and Challenges of Cultural Reproduction in the Islamic Republic of Iran
hojat kazwmi gholamreza basirniya After the victory of Islamic revolution; a system was enacted that claimed to educate human beings and Islamize all social affairs and all fields of society. Aimed at realizing these goals; various policies were made and came into force. Despite many More After the victory of Islamic revolution; a system was enacted that claimed to educate human beings and Islamize all social affairs and all fields of society. Aimed at realizing these goals; various policies were made and came into force. Despite many efforts; now it is obvious that the intended cultural objectives of Islamic republic of Iran have not been expectedly realized. This paper intends to investigate why there has been a challenge to the cultural reproduction process in the Islamic republic of Iran during the past three decades. The researchers have used a qualitative method and documentary studies and focused on the pluralization of internal structure of political system and its challenges to formulate, interpret, and administrate a consistent and efficient cultural policy. The studies indicate although there has been a relatively certain cultural pattern; cultural policies of Islamic republic of Iran in the last three decades were trapped both in compiling and administration levels and engaged in a disintegration and continuous ruptures and internal contradictions. Domination of this kind of conditions in the cultural policies will not be understood unless by putting the current trend of compiling and administration of cultural policies in the ground of political structure, internal contradiction and discourse disputes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
675 - Measure and Evaluate the Performance of Boushehr Province in Sector Agronomy
Yaghoob Zarei Alireza EstelajiAgriculture is the largest agricultural subsection 56 percent of value added,60 percent of employment and 82 percent of this section is devoted to her. The most important human needs such as food grains, legumes, vegetables and fruits are funded through Agriculture subd MoreAgriculture is the largest agricultural subsection 56 percent of value added,60 percent of employment and 82 percent of this section is devoted to her. The most important human needs such as food grains, legumes, vegetables and fruits are funded through Agriculture subdivision. Given the role of plants in human societies can be affected by the acknowledgment that man is different depending on the crops. So that crops directly or indirectly, are the main supplier of food proteins, carbon hydrates fats, vitamins and minerals. Also today, the world's most developed countries of export crops (especially grain exports) l to enter their country of major currencies. Medicinal value of plants, industrial importance, environmental and crop value in restoring physical, chemical and biological soil are other important functions of the crops that their role is undeniable. Accordingly, the present study aims to correct and better exploit the potential capacity of planners and decision-makers in rich countries, with an emphasis on quantitative methods to address zoning and subdivision agriculture compared to 6 in Boushehr province to evaluate their performance, to be analyzed and the degree of deprivation. This study documents the use of resources in 2011; aims to develop agriculture in the province of Bushehr using Excel software Spss and TOPSIS model and assess the analytical approach. Assess the development of the agricultural sector in the region has shown a deep schism between sub cultivated in Bushehr province. So that only the part is developed in subsection vegetables with 0/65. Then placed in the sub grains with an average level of 0/58. In contrast to the results attest to the fact that 4 Subdivision kitchen garden, industrial, forage crops are very poor category. It is believed that due to the diversity of climatic and ecological potential, as well as the important role of agriculture in food security and agricultural economy, Custodians should explore the comprehensive, detailed planning and targeted management, using scientific methods, provide a platform for promoting and achieving self-sufficiency in agricultural production Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
676 - Identify obstacles of production organic products from farmers¢ point of view in Qazvin province
Fatemeh Moeinzadeh Farhad Lashgarara Maryam Omidi NajafabadiIn recent years the development of technology and the increasing use of additives, Pesticides and antibiotics in food production and storage, and undeniably adverse effects on human health as well as concerns about the safety of crops and livestock in all parts of the w MoreIn recent years the development of technology and the increasing use of additives, Pesticides and antibiotics in food production and storage, and undeniably adverse effects on human health as well as concerns about the safety of crops and livestock in all parts of the world has been increasing and forbore disease threat a major threat to human health myshvd. Taknvn different strategies for solving agricultural issues raised is common, such as farming can be cited. This research method is based on the purpose, the process of executing a little research, the deductive logic of the study, in terms of longitudinal retrospective study, based on exploratory factor analysis was used. The study population included all organic farmers Qazvin province is that due to the limited population (n = 173), the census is. A questionnaire was used to obtain the data required by the supervisor and advisor to verify the validity and reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.76 was calculated. For data analysis software SPSS16 used. The results from an agricultural perspective the variables included 5 factors in the barriers, improve motivation and notification, service-financial, social, environmental, educational support and service-support. This 5% variance of about 66/363 barriers organic products cannot justify. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
677 - Presenting an Electronic Marketing Model in the Production Sector of Iran's Sports Industry
mostafa fallahi mehdi kohandel seyedneamat khalilfeh Mahvash NoorbakhshThe purpose of this study is to present an electronic marketing model in the production sector of Iran's sports industry. The method of the present research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative) and structural equations, based on the present time, in terms of applied purp MoreThe purpose of this study is to present an electronic marketing model in the production sector of Iran's sports industry. The method of the present research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative) and structural equations, based on the present time, in terms of applied purpose and in terms of collecting field information. The statistical community in the quality sector includes experts who specialize in sports marketing and have a history of management in sports equipment manufacturing companies. Also, in a small part, including all the managers of companies producing sports equipment in Iran, according to the statistics announced through the official website of the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Trade, there are 255 people (236 men and 19 women). Due to the limited statistical population, the statistical sample was selected by the total number method, with the difference that only 238 healthy questionnaires were returned by the managers and the final number of the statistical sample is 238 people (223 males and 15 females). The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part of the interview. The results of this interview were designed in the form of a questionnaire with 4 main factors. For construct validity (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis), Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability. The results of the final model were approved in 4 factors: technology, promotion, possibility of ordering online and answering customers' questions. Therefore, it is suggested that managers in their manufacturing companies use technology to update the company and provide conditions in e-marketing to make better use of this space to better promote. Also, the field of holding training courses for employees on responding and dealing appropriately with customers should be foreseen, and in order to receive orders, hold a course to familiarize employees to receive orders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
678 - Investigation of buffering capacity of some buffer additives and an optimized buffer and its effect on gas production parameters of diets with different concentrate levels
Vahid Shahsanam Saeed Sobhanirad Kamran Reza Yazdi Parham Moslehifar In this study, the buffering resistance pattern of sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, sodium bentonite, and zeolite were statistically compared by plotting the titration curve and comparing the slope of the curves. Ac More In this study, the buffering resistance pattern of sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, sodium bentonite, and zeolite were statistically compared by plotting the titration curve and comparing the slope of the curves. According to the results of the buffer capacity, raw materials and their percentages were determined to produce the optimized multi-component buffer. The produced buffer acid-pH curve slope was compared with other slopes. No significant difference was observed in the slope of the optimized buffer with sodium bicarbonate (p <0.05). To ensure optimal buffer performance under ruminal conditions, experimental diets of low concentrate diet without buffer additive (CF), high concentrate diet without buffer additive (CC), low concentrate diet + 1% sodium bicarbonate (NF), high concentrate diet + 1% sodium bicarbonate (NC), low concentrate diet + 1% optimized buffer (BF) and high concentrate diet + 1% optimized buffer (BC), were examined with gas production test at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 24, 48, 72 and 96 after incubation in ruminal fluid. The use of buffer additives has positive effects on maintaining acid-base balance in the rumen and thus improving the ecology of rumen microorganisms, which was accompanied by a significant increase in gas production (p <0.05). The use of buffer supplements will improve the fermentation process and can significantly increase the digestibility of organic matter and feed metabolizable energy (p <0.05). In addition, the results showed that the optimized buffer has a similar function to sodium bicarbonate and can be used as a suitable alternative. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
679 - The effects of different levels of dried pomegranate pulp on performance and blood metabolites of aged laying hens
علی نوبخت mohammad valizadeghanThis experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of dried pomegranate pulp on performance, egg traits and blood metabolites of aged laying hens. In this experiment 144 Hy- line (W36) laying hens from 65-75 weeks of age in 4 treatments, 3 replica MoreThis experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of dried pomegranate pulp on performance, egg traits and blood metabolites of aged laying hens. In this experiment 144 Hy- line (W36) laying hens from 65-75 weeks of age in 4 treatments, 3 replicates and 12 hens in each replicate were used in a completely randomized design. Experimental groups included: 1) control group, 2) group with 1.5% pomegranate pulp, 3) group with 3% pomegranate pulp, and 4) group with 4.5% pomegranates pulp. Using pomegranate pulp had significant effects on performance, egg traits and blood parameters of laying hens (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
680 - Effect of Melatonin on reproduction parameters in Shall ewes out of breading season
A. Dodangeh J. Yadi A. GhazikhanishadTo investigate the effect of melatonin on reproductive parameters in the Shall ewes, out of breeding season, 60 multiparous ewes (maximum 3 parity), were studied in a randomized complete block design. The animals divided into 4 groups of 15 ewes. The control group did MoreTo investigate the effect of melatonin on reproductive parameters in the Shall ewes, out of breeding season, 60 multiparous ewes (maximum 3 parity), were studied in a randomized complete block design. The animals divided into 4 groups of 15 ewes. The control group did not receive any hormone. In the melatonin group, Regulin containing 18 mg of melatonin were implanted at the base of the ear, for 35 days. In CIDR group, 500 IU PMSG was injected, 8 days after removal. In the CIDR plus melatonin group, 35 days after implanting the Regulin, insertion of CIDR was done for 8 days and 500 IU PMSG injected at the removal time. After performing estrus synchronization in all 4 groups, 4 fertile rams introduced to ewes for 5 days. To increase the pregnancy rate, After 15 days of separation between ewes and rams, introducing the rams to ewes was repeated. Reproduction parameters recorded and analyzed by Duncan test (SAS software) at the level of 95% confdence interval. There were no signifcant differences between mean weight of lambs in all 4 groups (p>0.05). Results showed that the number of lambs born in the melatonin group were signifcantly higher than the other groups (p<0.05). In melatonin group, the performance of service per conception and conception rate were better than the other groups and signifcant statistical differences were observed (p<0.05). The parameters of fecundity and conception rates were signifcantly different between the groups. Our fndings showed that administration of melatonin in ewes, out of the breeding season, is effective on improvement of the reproductive parameters. As the administration of melatonin implants is easier than other estrus synchronization methods, produces no vaginal contamination and decreases the cost of management, we recommend melatonin implantation to improve the reproductive parameters in ewes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
681 - Prevalence of Leptospira spp. In bovine aborted fetuses of dairy cattle herds by PCR in Tehran province
آریا Badii فرهاد Mousakhani محمد Malekan محسن ZafariLeptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that can cause heavy economic losses through complications including abortion, stillbirth, infertility, reduced milk production, etc. In this study, 251 referred samples of aborted fetuses inindustrial dairy herds of Tehran province e MoreLeptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that can cause heavy economic losses through complications including abortion, stillbirth, infertility, reduced milk production, etc. In this study, 251 referred samples of aborted fetuses inindustrial dairy herds of Tehran province evaluated in MABNA laboratory during one year. Tested samples included a homogenous tissue mixture of fatal heart, kidney, liver and spleen. For DNA extraction, the ProteinaseK Method was used. Then polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to recognize Leptospira Spp. by using specifc 16s rRNA gene primers. Samples with 331bp band in electrophoresis gel were considered positive.Prevalence of leptospiral abortion in average was 12.8 % in Tehran province during a year and based on season,respectively, the amount in spring was 15%, summer 9.08 %, autumn 10 % and winter 19.2 %. Based on theseresults, it was most prevalent in spring and winter that is probably due to higher environmental humidity, hydrophilic nature of leptospira and more bacterial activities. Generally according to the prevalence of 12.8 %, the majorcause of abortion in Tehran province in industrial dairy herds is leptospiral infection so that any activities in orderto eradicate and control the disease is essential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
682 - Effect of different quantities of super adsorbent and potassium sulfate on growth dynamics and product parameters of cowpea
Asieh Talashan Tayeb SakinejadThis research in the form split plot in format of random complete block design in three replays was implemented. The main plots consist of three levels of potassium sulfate fertilizer, 1- no potassium sulfate, 2- 70 kg/ha pure potassium 3- 140 kg/ha pure potassium, from MoreThis research in the form split plot in format of random complete block design in three replays was implemented. The main plots consist of three levels of potassium sulfate fertilizer, 1- no potassium sulfate, 2- 70 kg/ha pure potassium 3- 140 kg/ha pure potassium, from the source potassium sulfate fertilizer, and subplots inclusive three levels of super absorbent polymer with amounts: 1- no super absorbent, 2- 50 kg/ha super absorbent, 3- 100 kg/ha super absorbent. The results showed Increased potassium sulfate up to 140 kg/ha and super absorbent up to 100 kg/ha cause improvement and increase total dry matter process, leaf area index, crop growth rate and net assimilation rate were. The difference between levels of potassium sulfate fertilizer was also significant in terms of number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, biological yield at 1% probability level and harvest index at 5% level. The difference between super absorbent polymer surfaces in all measured traits was significant at 1% probability level. In the interaction between potassium sulfate and super adsorbent, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, biological yield at 1% probability level and harvest index were significant at 5% probability level, but In the remaining traits no significant difference was observed. The highest grain yield with 140 kg/ha of potassium sulfate and 100 kg/ha of super absorbent polymer with 4336 kg/ha and the lowest grain yield in control treatment (without application of potassium sulfate and superabsorbent) with 1334 kg/ha. According to the results, application of 140 kg ha-1 of potassium sulfate and 100 kg ha-1 of super absorbent polymer in terms of physiological indices and yield the results are acceptable and can be recommended in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
683 - Political Culture, Individuality and Reproduction of Authoritarianism in Iran
Seyedeh Leila Mousavi Majid Tavasoli Rokn AbadiThere is a long history of authoritarianism in Iran. Ever since the first ancient empires were born in Iran and when political structure was formed, the authoritarianism was borne in iran. In all past centuries has accompanied the Iranian authoritarian political structu MoreThere is a long history of authoritarianism in Iran. Ever since the first ancient empires were born in Iran and when political structure was formed, the authoritarianism was borne in iran. In all past centuries has accompanied the Iranian authoritarian political structure.And features have been more or less stable political system in this country. But the question is why authoritarianism during many centuries despite historical changes still retains deep roots in Iran and has been perpetuated in the form of quasi-authoritarianism? This article's hypothesis is that despite the impact of various factors, Political culture should be the foremost reproduction of authoritarianism in Iran. A factor that has led to authoritarian and semi-authoritarian political systems of the past centuries combined with the Iranians and their political life. Among the components of political culture has been some more and some less.This paper is among several components, mainly on the weakness of individuality in Iranian society and its causes Specially focus on making the authoritarian Iranian family in continuation of authoritarianism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
684 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
Ali RahimiIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal MoreIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
685 - Importance of Water Quality in Small Ruminants’ Productivity
A. Cervantes G. López F.J. Monge A. Estrada A. PlascenciaSuccessful breeding and raising of sheep and goats depend on appropriate sanitary and nutritional manage-ment, where water plays a crucial role. Alterations in water quality and availability might lead to alterations in animal productivity. Small ruminants are capable o MoreSuccessful breeding and raising of sheep and goats depend on appropriate sanitary and nutritional manage-ment, where water plays a crucial role. Alterations in water quality and availability might lead to alterations in animal productivity. Small ruminants are capable of ingesting water in a wide range of qualities with little or no effect on health and performance, however; some elements and microorganisms present in high concentrations can produce a negative effect on health status and weight gain performance, being the qual-ity of water, an essential factor affecting the profitability of small ruminant production. The effects on cat-tle's productive performance of compounds like total dissolved solids, sulfates, and sulfur in drinking water have been documented. However, there needs to be more information available on the effect on sheep and goats, being necessary to increase the efforts to carry out studies to evaluate the effect of the physicochemi-cal and microbiological quality of drinking water on the health and productive performance of small rumi-nants. Water quality affects the efficiency of diet energy utilization in lambs. However, there is scares in-formation about this topic to reevaluate the qualification of water as “well water”. This review presents the effects of drinking water's different physicochemical and microbiological characteristics on the productivity of small ruminants. Also, it addresses water quality and its effect on productivity from an energy perspec-tive. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
686 - The Context of Time in the Philosophical Discourses of Contemporary Architecture and Urban Planning based on the Theory of Space Production
Mozhdeh JamshidiTime and space have been central issues in legal-philosophical discourses, with each philosophical system offering different views on these concepts. The components of space and time in architecture and urban planning throughout history play a significant role in the em MoreTime and space have been central issues in legal-philosophical discourses, with each philosophical system offering different views on these concepts. The components of space and time in architecture and urban planning throughout history play a significant role in the embodiment and meaning of the human environment. This research aims to identify the temporal context in the production of space by focusing on the components that form the structure of thinking in philosophical-judicial discourses and the rationality governing contemporary architecture and urban planning in Iran. By limiting factors to thinkers and planning processes at the global level, the signs of the context of time in the construction of space are identified. The qualitative and interpretive method of this research uses inductive analysis, focusing on the ideas and works of contemporary thinkers, as well as social trends and movements. The results indicate that the foundations of time in the production of space in contemporary Iran stem from psychology and sociology, and are still at the beginning of shaping dominant ideas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
687 - Effects of Replacing Canola Meal with Soybean Meal in Broiler Chicken Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Liver Enzymes during Different Rearing Periods
M. Mohammadian Amiri B. Dastar R. Mirshekar O. AshayerizadehSoybean meal is more beneficial than canola meal (CM) due to the better balance of amino acids in the nutrition of broilers. Three experiments were conducted to assess the impact of replacing soybean meal with CM at different levels during the rearing stages of Ross 308 MoreSoybean meal is more beneficial than canola meal (CM) due to the better balance of amino acids in the nutrition of broilers. Three experiments were conducted to assess the impact of replacing soybean meal with CM at different levels during the rearing stages of Ross 308 male broilers on performance, carcass traits, and liver enzyme concentrations. In the first experiment, 420 one-day-old chicks received starter diets with six graded levels of CM from 0 to 15% for 10 days. In the second experiment, 360 eleven-day-old chicks were fed six experimental grower diets varying in CM from 0 to 25% over 14 days. In the third experiment, three hundred 25-day-old chicks were subjected to six finisher diets ranging in CM from 0 to 40% over 18 days. The findings revealed that the inclusion of the CM at the examined levels had no adverse effects on broilers' performance, carcass traits, and liver enzymes in the first and second experiments (P>0.05). Die-tary CM inclusion of more than 32% in the third experiment had significant adverse effects on the perform-ance, European broiler index, and liver enzymes of broilers (P<0.05). In conclusion, the CM can be in-cluded in broiler diets at levels up to 15% during the starter and 20% during the grower periods without adversely affecting growth performance and carcass traits. Nonetheless, an inclusion level of CM exceeding 32% of the diet during the finisher period resulted in decreased weight gain and harmful effects on liver function. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
688 - Providing a model of intelligent management systems for sustainable and resilient production systems in the cement industry in order to improve social development
Eshagh Jamal omidi mohammadali keramati Mehdi Rajabiun Safiyeh MehrenejadIn the context of providing a model of intelligent management systems for sustainable and resilient production systems in the cement industry in order to improve social development, it is very vital to perform multiple analyzes to select the best algorithms to improve t MoreIn the context of providing a model of intelligent management systems for sustainable and resilient production systems in the cement industry in order to improve social development, it is very vital to perform multiple analyzes to select the best algorithms to improve the performance of management systems. In this research, an issue related to production based on the model of intelligent management systems for sustainable and resilient production systems in the cement industry has been investigated. The main goal of this problem is to improve the production system in such a way that stability is maintained uniformly in the production process. In this production process, Poisson distribution and implementation of artificial intelligence are used in production with exponential distribution. Also, two main limitations have been set on this issue; One related to the total number of productions that are created and the other related to the maximum production time limit. This issue has three goals in mind. The first objective is to reduce the average production expectation as the main objective. The second goal is to minimize the amount of environmental damage in the production process. The third goal is to maximize the total functionality of the devices per unit of time. For this purpose, VIS, CNSGA-II, NSGA-II, MISA, NNIA and NRGA algorithms were used in MATLAB software. VIS algorithm showed the best performance in most criteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
689 - Investigating the Effective Factors on the Organizational Pathology of Knowledge Production in Islamic Azad University
Keyvan Kaveh Taghi AghaHosseini Mahboubeh Sadat FadaviThe purpose of this research was to investigate the factors affecting the organizational pathology of knowledge production in Islamic Azad University. The method of the present research was a quantitative survey type, and applied in terms of the goal. The statistical po MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the factors affecting the organizational pathology of knowledge production in Islamic Azad University. The method of the present research was a quantitative survey type, and applied in terms of the goal. The statistical population of the present study included all full-time professors of the Islamic Azad Universities in the North, South, East, West, and Central regions, including the Islamic Azad Universities of Sari, Isfahan, Kerman, Khorramabad, and Shiraz, with a total number of 1389. 305 people were selected as the sample size by random sampling method based on Cochran's formula. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity of which was based on the professors' point of view, and its reliability was calculated (0.89) based on Cronbach's alpha. For data analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations were used with Pls Smart3 software. The findings showed that strategy, structure, and process variables directly and strategy variable indirectly explain 96.8% of knowledge production pathology through structure and process variables. Also, the structure and the process variables explain respectively 49.6 and 58.4 percent of the pathology of knowledge production. 38.7% of the changes in knowledge production is related to the direct effect of the strategy, 39% of the changes in knowledge production is related to the effect of structure, 32% of the changes in knowledge production is related to the direct effect of the process, 70.5% of the changes is related to the structure of the direct effect of strategy, 36.5% of the changes is related to the process of the direct effect of strategy, and 46.3% of the changes of the process variable is related to the direct effect of the structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
690 - Identifying the Dimensions of Accelerators of Science Production in Scientific Development and Management of Education and Research in Iranian Public Universities: The Grounded Theory Study
Marjan Arab-Rahmatipour Zohreh Mirhosseini Ahmad SaeediProviding appropriate mechanisms to accelerate the production of science that is sufficiently accurate and the required infrastructure has been determined, is always considered an important issue in the country's educational system. The aim of this study was to identify MoreProviding appropriate mechanisms to accelerate the production of science that is sufficiently accurate and the required infrastructure has been determined, is always considered an important issue in the country's educational system. The aim of this study was to identify the dimensions of accelerators of science production in scientific development and management of education and research in Iranian public universities in order to improve the current situation. This applied study is qualitative in terms of data type and grounded theory in terms of research method. The statistical population consisted of 15 faculty members of Iranian public universities, experts in information science and epistemology who had scientific writings and articles in the field and were selected by purposive sampling method. Data collection tool was semi-structured interview and data analysis was performed using MAXQDA software. Based on the research findings, the dimensions and factors affecting the accelerators of science production from the perspective of the above statistical population were identified in 6 dimensions, which include the following: Central phenomenon (qualified educational system, effective research system, comprehensive support system, optimal and efficient financial system); Causal conditions (leadership and management, communications and networks, organizational culture); Strategies (human resource management, infrastructure development, adequate financing); Underlying conditions (legal framework, interdisciplinary communication, interaction with the environment, talent-capturing system, economic issues); Interfering factors (reward and incentive system, position, technology); And consequences (alignment with the environment, improving scientific and organizational performance, human capital development, social and economic development). The results showed that in order to achieve balanced and effective scientific development in the direction of education and research management of public universities, serious and systematic attention to all aspects of science acceleration systems presented in this study is necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
691 - Role of cultural products in the absence of violence among teenagers as social capital
Zohreh Meirhoseyni Zohreh Dogchi Somayeh NasieriThe purpose of this paper is to examine the three dimensions of social capital, symbolic violence and the field of cultural production in the absence of violence among teenagers as social capital, according to Bourdieu's theory. Therefore, the present study is based on MoreThe purpose of this paper is to examine the three dimensions of social capital, symbolic violence and the field of cultural production in the absence of violence among teenagers as social capital, according to Bourdieu's theory. Therefore, the present study is based on Bourdieu's social capital theory Who knows that the supply of cultural products and products and the creation of cultural capital and culture among the juvenile offenders as social capital, to the extent that they lead to a lack of violence among them and try It seeks to institutionalize the right cultural habits, such as studying and studying through the field of cultural products and cultural assets of Bourdieu's mindset, and can make the low-level habits of the non-normative community (delinquent youth) Desirable And reduced the symbolic violence resulting from the inappropriate cultural and social context in which they grew up, and by mastering it through the formal use of language and instruction through the dominant class, on this stratum They raised their level on the floor of their social structure and controlled them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
692 - The effect of quality of life on fertility of women working in welfare in Tehran province
Bita Azizi Mohammad javad Ghaedmohammady Quality of life is a topic that has been considered the most important issue in the twentieth century. With the socio-economic development of countries and the twentieth century. With the socio- economic development of countries and the advancem More Quality of life is a topic that has been considered the most important issue in the twentieth century. With the socio-economic development of countries and the twentieth century. With the socio- economic development of countries and the advancement of humanities, technology has gradually become more prosperous, and since it is a complex, complex and multidimensional issue capable of doing work, health, well- being, and mental well- being, this research it sought to answer, as far as possible, the main research question of the impact of quality of life on fertility of women working in welfare organization of Tehran province. To achieve this, a descriptive- analytic method was used and the quality of life questionnaire was used in the statistical population (all married women in the welfare organization of Tehran province (aged 15 to 45 years). The results of the current research suggest that quality of life is associated with fertility, so that as quality of life increased, beliefs are reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
693 - Investigating the Impact of Business Technology Environment Components on Production-Commercial Performance of Industrial Units (Ardabil Province)
علی نظری شیخ احمد سروش فتحی مصطفی ازکیاTechnology supports the ability of businesses to use and exploit new sciences and ideas that emerge in various branches of knowledge. Accordingly, technology through continuous improvement of services or products of businesses has led to their sustainability and busines MoreTechnology supports the ability of businesses to use and exploit new sciences and ideas that emerge in various branches of knowledge. Accordingly, technology through continuous improvement of services or products of businesses has led to their sustainability and business prosperity and in this regard is an important element in increasing the competitive position of businesses. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of the components of the business technology environment on the performance of industrial units in Ardabil province. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this study was all managers of industrial units in Ardabil province. The minimum sample size for completing the questionnaires of this research was 184 entrepreneurs and was randomly selected and the questionnaire was distributed among them. The validity of the research instrument was calculated using the confirmatory factor analysis model and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and SMART PLS software using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling. Findings showed that the business technology environment has a significant and positive effect on the production-commercial performance of industrial units. The research findings also indicated that the components of development research, intellectual property system, technology life cycle and technology transfer have a significant effect on the production-commercial performance of industrial units. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
694 - Bourdieuian Analysis of literary production field of Shahnameh and Ferdowsi’s habitus
saba pezhmanfar Ahmad Zakeri Hosein NabaviAbstract This research is an attempt to apply Bourdieu’s integrated structuralist theory in order to examine the extent of influence of literary production field in the 4th century taken as object, and also study the impact of Ferdowsi’s disposition regarded MoreAbstract This research is an attempt to apply Bourdieu’s integrated structuralist theory in order to examine the extent of influence of literary production field in the 4th century taken as object, and also study the impact of Ferdowsi’s disposition regarded as a subject in the composition of the most important Persian national epic. After examining the aforementioned field and studying the impact ofsocial, economic, cultural, and symbolic capitals on Ferdowsi’s habitus, this result is reached that there exists a dialectic relationship between the literary production field in the 4th century closely connected with the political field under the Samanids rule with the active habitus which did not lead him towards the vulgar teachings, instead had led him to use Persian national narratives in order to undertake the composition of Shahnameh. Employing descriptive analytic approach in this article it was found out that, Ferdowsi’s strategy was under the influence of collective habitus in his time which in turn emanated from the political structure of Samanids and his individual habitus was affected by the symbolic and cultural capital and also his Dehghan class. All these factors had persuaded him to incline towards preservation of the Persian language and Persian national identity. It was further proved that Abu Mansur Abd al-Razzaq and his companions had a great role in providing the milieu in which a project such as the writing of the Shahnameh could be realized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
695 - Post structuralism in Shahnameh Ferdowsi (With emphasis on Bahram’s death)
Ro’ya SayyedoshohadaeiThe purpose of this article is to investigate the esthetic aspect of the death of one of the Ferdowsi’s epic characters, in order to reveal only a glimpse of the dynamic potentialities and the scope of interpretation of this grand masterpiece. The historic & MoreThe purpose of this article is to investigate the esthetic aspect of the death of one of the Ferdowsi’s epic characters, in order to reveal only a glimpse of the dynamic potentialities and the scope of interpretation of this grand masterpiece. The historic – mythic structure of the epic texts apparently does not lend itself to interpretation however the texture of stories in Shahnameh is such that renders the text quite interpretable. Ferdowsi’s epic has a paradoxical texture: On one hand there are signs that point realistically to concise, consistent, and systematic features, and on the other hand there are endless interpretations, and it is extremely decontextualized, produces multiple layers of meanings and it is filled with ambiguities. It constantly seeks to remain without an ultimate texture and to remain detached from history, to be non-spatial and hence be eternal. Selection of Bahram’s death and glorified esthetical death of this epic hero is an occasion to illustrate the post structuralist nature of Ferdowsi’s epic despite the fact that the characteristic feature of Shahnameh is inclined towards a consistent structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
696 - A glance at reproductions of MasnaviMaanavi for children and young adults
Farzaneh OkhovatOld Persian language and literature is a rare treasure of stories and anecdotes whose conveyance to children and young adults is the responsibility of devoted writers of this land. Without a doubt the manner to convey this treasured legacy demands thorough underst MoreOld Persian language and literature is a rare treasure of stories and anecdotes whose conveyance to children and young adults is the responsibility of devoted writers of this land. Without a doubt the manner to convey this treasured legacy demands thorough understanding and familiarity with works and the audience it is addressed to, employing new and creative methods. In this article after examining the works published in the last fifty years, attempt is made to analyze the degree of attention paid to this subject and how the author of children’s books has tackled the tales of Moulana to retell the tales of Masnavi . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
697 - Modeling the Reduction of Construction waste Production using the Concept of Lean Construction, Dimetal Technique and Cause and Effect Relationships
ali poornamazian mohsen izadiniaProduction of construction waste In this research, the factors affecting waste production have been identified from previous articles, preliminary questionnaires and interviews.aste is one of the most important factors affecting performance and cost increase in construc MoreProduction of construction waste In this research, the factors affecting waste production have been identified from previous articles, preliminary questionnaires and interviews.aste is one of the most important factors affecting performance and cost increase in construction projects. In the next step, the final questionnaire was prepared. Then, the relationship between the variables and the cause-and-effect relationships was carried out through the system thinking approach and Dimtel technique to confirm the cause-and-effect relationships according to the pairwise comparison questionnaire among ten identified experts. Also, lean construction was used as a solution to reduce waste production. Lean construction follows new rules and without using new technologies or updating equipment with minimum use of resources, minimum waste and maximum productivity in construction projects. The main purpose of this article is to use the concept of lean construction and the system dynamics method to identify the main causes of waste production in construction projects. The main focus of lean construction is to analyze waste production processes, improve activities to reduce waste production and increase performance in construction projects. First, the effective factors on reducing the production of construction waste were identified through previous researches, and then a survey (interview and questionnaire) was conducted with experts in the case study of the waste management organization in the metropolis of Isfahan. In the next step, 52 questionnaires were prepared and distributed in the case study of the research. After collecting the information, the data obtained from the questionnaire was analyzed using statistics after checking its validity and reliability. In the last stage, after confirming the effective factors in the production of construction waste and how they are related, in order to develop a conceptual framework, cause-and-effect diagrams were drawn. The statistical results showed that the first to third most important factors affecting the reduction of construction waste with lean construction approach, flow perspective, identification of waste from the point of view of transformation and identification of waste from the point of view of value were the most important according to the experts in the waste management organization. Also, cause-and-effect relationships were confirmed through Dimtel's method. As a result, considering the relationship of correlation as well as cause and effect relationship, the way of communication between variables has been rooted through cause and effect circles and systemic thinking Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
698 - An innovative approach to investigate the impact of human resource risk on production productivity with the moderating role of knowledge maturity in the Organization of Industry, Mining and Trade of Tehran Province
Tahereh HasoomiThe purpose of this research is the innovative approach of human and financial resource risk on production productivity with the moderating role of knowledge maturity. The method of this research is quantitative and its purpose is practical. This research is a quant MoreThe purpose of this research is the innovative approach of human and financial resource risk on production productivity with the moderating role of knowledge maturity. The method of this research is quantitative and its purpose is practical. This research is a quantitative research with an applied purpose and a descriptive survey strategy. The statistical population of the research was formed by the experts of the Organization of Industry, Mining and Trade of Tehran Province. The research sample is based on simple random sampling and 108 people were obtained using Cochran's limited population formula. The validity of the research questionnaire was obtained through face validity (expert opinion) and construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis) and its reliability was obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results of the path analysis test showed that, in general, human resource risk and financial risk have a significant negative effect on production productivity in industry, mining and trade organizations.At the same time, according to the moderating role of knowledge maturity, the risk of human and financial resources has a positive and significant effect on the productivity of production in the organization of industry, mining and trade Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
699 - Evaluation of Export Models of Agricultural Products in the North of Iran
Nabiullah MohammadiNowadays, export growth is a crucial factor in revitalizing the economy of countries. The development of exports ranks high on the list of government priorities and policies in nearly all developing nations. The aim of this study was to present a strategic model for enh MoreNowadays, export growth is a crucial factor in revitalizing the economy of countries. The development of exports ranks high on the list of government priorities and policies in nearly all developing nations. The aim of this study was to present a strategic model for enhancing agricultural product exports from Tarom County and to provide a conceptual framework for such developments. Semi structured interviews were conducted to gather data, while Strauss and Corbin's methodology was used for data analysis. Sampling was carried out using targeted and snowball methods, which led to interviews with notable experts in the field of exporting agricultural products. During open, axial, and selective coding processes, results obtained from data analysis provided a strategy for developing agricultural product export based on database theorizing approach. Based on systematic database theory approach adopted here; causal factors affecting production include institutional factors (governmental policy and legal), marketing/sales aspects, economic/financial/banking considerations as well as competitive elements; background factors include logistical/infrastructural issues alongside scientific/ knowledge based ones (innovation); intervening factors are cultural/political/international influences; strategies can be short term/medium term/long term approaches while conse quences involve macro/micro level financial/non financial effects that influence agriculture product export development activities considerably. Results indicate that contextual variables most in fluential towards improving Tarom's agriculture product exports are maintenance infrastructure availability/distribution network suitability/new technology application/export terminal access/lab oratory quality measurement standards adoption/etcetera. Manuscript profile
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