Technical Efficiency of Homestead Fish Production in the Coastal Communities

Subject Areas : Extension and Economic

Olaniran Anthony Thompson ¹ , Lawrence Olusola Oparinde ² , Olaitan Olubunmi Olajuyigbe ³ , Ebinimi Joseph Ansa ⁴ , Taiwo Amos ⁵

1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 -

Received: 2024-09-02 Accepted : 2024-12-01 Published : 2024-12-20

Keywords: Homestead Fish Production, Coastal Communities, Technical Efficiency, Cobb Douglas stochastic frontier production ,

Abstract :

The manuscript examines the demography features of homestead fish farmers, measure the profitability of homestead fish production, estimate the technical efficiency of homestead fish farmers and examine the limitations connected with homestead fish production in the area of study. 180 homesteads fish farmers were selected from three coastal areas of Delta, Lagos and Ogun State in Nigeria. Demography features of homestead fish farmers in the area of study was analysed with descriptive statistics. Net Profit Margin Ratio (NPMR) was estimated to quantify the profitability of homestead fish production. Cobb Douglas stochastic frontier production function was employed to evaluate the efficiency (Technical Efficiency) of homestead fish farmers. Inefficiency model was employed to ascertain the variables inducing inefficiency of homestead fish farming in the study area. The manuscript reveal that homestead fish production is lucrative in the area of study. Cost of feeds is the most crucial cost in the homestead fish production in the area of study. The manuscript shows that few (28.3%) homestead fish farmers were operating in an optimum technical efficiency above 70% and educational level and farm experience of the homestead fish farmers were among the variables that determine the technical inefficiency of homestead fish production in the area of study. High cost of feeds and inadequate fund were among the major limitation facing the homestead fish farmers in the area of study. Therefore, it is suggested that homestead fish farming should be promoted, because it is lucrative.

References:

1. Adegboyo, O.S., Keji, S.A. and Fasina, O.T. (2021). The impact of government policies on Nigeria economic growth (case of fiscal, monetary and trade policies). Future Business Journal. 7: 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-021-00104-6
2. Adeyemi,, O., Bold, M., Nisbett, N and Covic, N (2023). Changes in Nigeria’s Enabling Environment for Nutrition from 2008 to 2019 and Challenges for Reducing Malnutrition. Food Security. 15(2): 343–361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-022-01328-2.
3. Adigun, A and Olaniran, M. (2021. Statistical simulations of infectious diseases in Southwestern Nigeria (A case study of Ekiti and Oyo State). Journal of Public Health and Diseases. 4(1):1-10. https://doi.org/10.31248/JPHD2020.088.
4. Agrawal, R.C and Jaggi, S. (2023). Transforming Agricultural Education for a Sustainable Future. In: Bansal, K.C., Lakra, W.S., Pathak, H. (eds) Transformation of Agri-Food Systems. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8014-7_25
5. Ahimbisibwe, V., Zhunusova, E., Kassa, H and Günter, S. (2024). Technical Efficiency Drivers of Farmer-Led Restoration Strategies, and how Substantial is the Unrealised Potential for Farm Output?. Agricultural Systems, 213, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103799.
6. Akyüz, Y., Salali, H. E., Atakan, P., Günden, C., Yercan, M., Lamprinakis, L., Kårstad, S., Solovieva, I., Kasperczyk, N., Mattas, K., Lazaridou, D., Yener, G., Alayidi, A., Kunchulia, I., Basilidze, L and Knez, M. (2023). Case Study Analysis on Agri-Food Value Chain: A Guideline-Based Approach. Sustainability, 15(7): 43 6209; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15076209-56.
7. Al Mahadi, M.S., Rahman, M.S., Islam, M.S. et al (2022). Fish farming and its effect on household income: micro-level study in Bangladesh. Letters Spatial Resource Science, 15:255–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12076-022-00303-x
8. Antle, J.M and Ray, S. (2020). Challenges of Sustainable Agriculture in Developing Countries. In: Sustainable Agricultural Development. Palgrave Studies in Agricultural Economics and Food Policy. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34599-0_4
9. Aremo, A. M., and Thompson, O. A. (2023). The Efficiency of Hard Wood Industry in Ondo State, Nigeria. Advanced Journal of Social Science, 12(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.21467/ajss.
10. Bolarinwa, J. B and Fakumoju, F. A. (2020). Homestead Catfish Farming: A Way out of Covid-19 – Induced Economic Recession. African Scholar Publications & Research International. 18(1). 1-8
11. Boyd, C. E., McNevin, A. A and Davis, R. P. (2022). The Contribution of Fisheries and Aquaculture to the Global Protein Supply. Food Security. 14: 805–827 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-021-01246-9
12. CBN (2023). Centre Bank of Nigeria. Operational Changes to the Foreign ExchangeMarket.https://www.cbn.gov.ng/Out/2023/CCD/Operational%20Changes%20to%20FX%20Market.pdf. Available online, June, 2023
13. Danet, A., Giam, X., Olden, J.D. et al (2024). Past and recent anthropogenic pressures drive rapid changes in riverine fish communities. Nature Ecology Evolution. 8: 442–453. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-023-02271-x
14. Desyibelew, H. D., Bayih, M. T. Baraki, A. G and Dadi, A. F. (2020). The Recovery Rate from Severe Acute Malnutrition among Under-five Years of Children Remains Low in Sub-Saharan Africa. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies. Plos one. 23: 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229698.
15. Dhillon, R and Moncur, Q. (2023). Small-Scale Farming: A Review of Challenges and Potential Opportunities Offered by Technological Advancements. Sustainability 15(21):154-178. DOI:10.3390/su152115478.
16. Egbon, O.A., Bogoni, M.A., Babalola, B.T. et al (2022). Under age five children survival times in Nigeria: a Bayesian spatial modeling approach. BMC Public Health. 22: 22-37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14660-1
17. Eyayu, A., Getahun, A. and Keyombe, J.L. (2023). A review of the production status, constraints, and opportunities in East African freshwater capture and culture fisheries. Aquaculture International, 31: 2057–2078. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-023-01071-1
18. FAO (2023). Nigeria Agriculture at a Glance. Food and Agricultural Organization of United Nation. https://www.fao.org/nigeria/fao-in-nigeria/nigeria-at-a-glance/en/ Available online: March, 2023.
19. Gwazani, R., Gandiwa, E., & Poshiwa, X. (2022). Rural small-scale aquaculture: An assessment of farmers’ perceptions and technical efficiency in Masvingo, Zimbabwe. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2022.2139817
20. Hamilton, S.F., Richards, T.J., Shafran, A.P and Vasilaky, K. N. (2022). Farm Labor Productivity and the Impact of Mechanization. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 104(4): 1435-1459. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12273
21. Hossain, M. B., Pingki, F.H., Sultana, M., Salim, N.M., Islam, M.M., Arifur Rahman, A.F.M.., Paray, B. A. and Arai, T. (2024) The contribution of homestead pond fish culture to household food security and dietary diversity in central coast of a developing country, Heliyon, 10(7): 23-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28598.
22. Ignowski, L., Belton, B., Ali, H. et al (2023). Integrated Aquatic and Terrestrial Food Production Enhances Micronutrient and Economic Productivity for Nutrition-Sensitive Food Systems. Nat Food 4, 866–873. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-023-00840-8
23. Islam, R.M., Olowe, O.S., Mely, S.S., Hossain, A., Das., M. and Zaman, F.U. (2023). Review of the Current Situation, Problems, and Challenges in Fish Seed Production and Supply for Bangladesh's Aquaculture Development. Aquat, Living Resour. 36 (32):1-13.
24. Jiang, Q., Bhattarai, N., Pahlow, M and Xu, Z. (2022). Environmental Sustainability and Footprints of Global Aquaculture, Resources, Conservation and Recycling,180, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106183.
25. Khan, F. U., Nouman, M., Negrut, L., Abban, J., Cismas, L. M., and Siddiqi, M. F. (2024). Constraints to agricultural finance in underdeveloped and developing countries: a systematic literature review. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2024.2329388.
26. Kong, W., Huang, S., Yang, Z. et al (2020). Fish Feed Quality Is a Key Factor in Impacting Aquaculture Water Environment: Evidence from Incubator Experiments. Scientific Reports, 10(187). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57063-w
27. Mabika, N and Utete, B. (2024). Complexities and Opportunities: A Review of the Trajectory of Fish Farming in Zimbabwe. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aro2.57. Available online, May, 2023.
28. Moss, D. (2023). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Growing Seaweed: Aquaculture in Harmony with the Environment. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/growing-seaweed-aquaculture-harmony-environment. Available online: February 2024.
29. NBS, (2023). National Bureau of Statistics. Quarterly Report. 23(4): 67-72
30. Nelson, E., Hargreaves, S., and Muldoon, D. (2023). Farmer knowledge as formal knowledge: A case study of farmer-led research in Ontario, Canada. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 12(4), 15–38. https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2023.124.010
31. Ninh, L.K. (2021), "Economic role of education in agriculture: evidence from rural Vietnam", Journal of Economics and Development, 23(1):47-58. https://doi.org/10.1108/JED-05-2020-0052
32. Odioko, E and Becer, Z. A. (2022). The Economic Analysis of the Nigerian Fisheries Sector: A Review. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences. 7(2): 216–226. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1008836
33. Parker, T. (2022). What’s a Good Profit Margin for a New Business? Small Business How to Start A Business. https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/093015/whats-good-profit-margin-new-business.asp. Available online, October, 2023
34. ter Bogt, H.J. (2021). Efficiency, Types of. In: Marciano, A., Ramello, G.B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Law and Economics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7883-6_43-2
35. Thilsted, S.H (2021). Diversifying Aquaculture Systems to Nourish Nations. Nature Food 2, 450–451. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00326-5
36. Thompson, O. A., Amos, T.T., Oparinde, L. O., and Omosowone, O. O. (2024): Determining Operational Efficiency in Aquaculture Enterprise to Boost Fish Production for Improved Food Security in Southwest, Nigeria. Scientific Papers Series Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development. 24(3): 56 -65
37. Thompson, O. A., and Akintuyi, O. B., Omoniyi, L. O. and Fatoki, O. A. (2022). Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Change in Oil Palm Producing Agro-Ecological Zones of Nigeria. Journal of Agroforestry and Environment. 15(1): 30-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55706/jae150XX
38. Verdegem, M., Alejandro H., Buschmann, U., Latt, W. Anne J. T. and Dalsgaard, A. L. (2023). The Contribution of Aquaculture Systems to Global Aquaculture Production. The Journal of World Aquaculture Society. 54(2): 206-250. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12963
39. Workalemahu, S and Mume, I. D. (2021). Smallholder Farmers’ Adaptation Strategies, Opportunities and Challenges to Climate Change: A Review. International journal of food science and agriculture. 5(4):592-600. DOI:10.26855/ijfsa.2021.12.005
40. Zwilling, B. (2024). Operational Ratios for Evaluating the Farm Business. farmdoc daily (14):94, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. https://farmdocdaily.illinois.edu/2024/05/operational-ratios-for-evaluating-the-farm-business.html. Available online, May 2024.