عوامل اثرگذار بر امتیاز شرایط بدنی و ارتباط آن با عملکرد تولیدی و تولیدمثلی گاوهای هلشتاین ایران

Subject Areas : Camel

N. Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh ¹ , M. Akbarian ²

1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

Received: 2014-03-11 Accepted : 2014-05-15 Published : 2015-03-01

Keywords: تولید, تولیدمثل, گاو شیری, امتیاز شرایط بدنی,

Abstract :

هدف از مطالعه حاضر تعیین عوامل اثرگذار بر امتیاز شرایط بدنی (BCS) و ارتباط آن با عملکرد تولیدی و تولیدمثلی گاوهای هلشتاین است. از یک مدل مختلط برای تجزیه رکوردهای ماهیانه امتیاز شرایط بدنی از آوریل 2006 تا جولای 2012 که مشتمل بر 34666 رکوردهای 3134 گاو شیری در یک گلۀ بزرگ تجاری گاو شیری در شرایط آب و هوایی خشک اصفهان بود استفاده شد. امتیاز شرایط بدنی بر مقیاس 1 تا 5 اندازه­گیری شد. عوامل ثابت برازش یافته در مدل مختلط نهایی تجزیه شامل سال ارزیابی، شکم زایش و فصل ارزیابی و همچنین اثرات متقابل سال و شکم زایش، فصل و شکم زایش و سال و شکم زایش بودند. میانگین کلی امتیاز شرایط بدنی در گله 77/0 ± 06/3 بود. نتایج نشان داد که روند افزایشی برای امتیاز شرایط بدنی در طی سال­ها از 2006 تا 2012 وجود دارد (001/0>P). همچنین، فصل ارزیابی زمستان نسبت به سایر فصول منجر به ایجاد امتیاز شرایط بدنی بیشتری شد (001/0>P). میانگین امتیاز شرایط بدنی از شکم زایش اول تا سوم افزایش یافته و پس از آن کاهش یافت (05/0>P). همبستگی بین امتیاز شرایط بدنی و تولید شیر منفی بوده و از 23/0- تا 13/0- در طی شکم­های مختلف زایش متغیر بود. همبستگی بین امتیاز شرایط بدنی و درصد چربی شیر کم بوده و از 0 (برای شکم زایش 4 و بالاتر) تا 08/0 (شکم‌های زایش اول و دوم) متغیر بود. همبستگی پایین تا متوسطی (از 14/0 تا 29/0) بین امتیاز شرایط بدنی و درصد پروتئین شیر در طی شکم­های مختلف زایش وجود داشت. برآوردهای همبستگی بین امتیاز شرایط بدنی و روزهای باز، فاصله گوساله­زایی و تعداد دفعات تلقیح منجر به آبستنی پایین و مثبت بوده ولی همبستگی بین امتیاز شرایط بدنی و نرخ آبستنی در طی شکم­های مختلف زایش منفی بود.

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