Problems Sunflower Growers Sonqor with Emphasis on Sunflower Harvesting Machine

Subject Areas : Sustainable Development

Masoomeh  Amerian ¹ (Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. *(Corresponding Author))
Afsaneh  Malek‌hosini ² (Former Ph. D student, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshaeh, Iran.)
yasin  mamarash ³ (Former undergraduate student, Sonqor Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshaeh, Iran. )
hadi  mamsoltan deh shams ⁴ (Former undergraduate student, Plant Production and Genetics Department, Faculty of Science and Agriculture Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.)

Received: 2023-11-04 Accepted : 2023-12-07 Published : 2023-12-22

Keywords: Descriptive - survey, Factor analysis, Production.,

Abstract :

Background and Objectives: Due to the important role of Sonqor in the production of high quality sunflower and also observed reduce the area under cultivation of this crop in recent years, the present study aimed to investigate the problems were sunflower growers Sonqor with an emphasis on sunflower harvesting machine. Materials and Methods: The research method used is descriptive - survey. The statistical society was all sunflower farmers Sonqor (N=300) that among them using Morgan table, 169 persons were selected using the random sampling as the statistical sample. Interview method and questionnaire instrument were used to collect data that Interview method was used to identify questionnaire items. So general approach was study qualitative-quantitative consecutive. For the questionnaire validity of the panel of experts was used and its reliability was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha that appropriate number 0.72 was obtained. To analyze the data was used of factor analysis. Findings: According to the results, 32.1% of sunflower growers were in the age range of 31-40 years and 75% of them had agricultural jobs. 31.2% had middle school education and 2.4% of sunflower growers were very satisfied with their jobs. About 90% of the sunflower growers had moderate to high satisfaction with the sunflower harvesting machine. Results of factorial analysis showed that sunflower growers Sonqor problems in six of the lack of government support, problem selling, planting and harvesting difficult, costly and manual harvesting, marketing problems, and difficulty processing were classified. Discussion and Conclusion: Among the factors, lack of government support has the most important role in explaining problems Sonqor sunflower growers. The basic problems of sunflower growers in this city are the lack of support for agricultural jihad and agricultural research centers, which can play a very important role in increasing the area of cultivation and reducing the harvest waste of this crop. It is important to observe the proportionality between the capacity and the cost of the harvesting machine for supply.

References:

1. Yohanna, J. K. 2004. A survey of tractors and implements utilization for crop production in Nasarawa State. Proceedings of 5th international conference of NIAE, Ilorin, Vol. 26, pp. 53-58.
2. Reid, J. F., Norris, W. R., Schueller, J. 2003. Reducing the manufacturing and management costs of tractors and agricultural equipment. Agricultural Engineering International: The CIGR Journal of Science, Research and Development. Vol. 5, pp. 1-12.
3. Alavi, S.A. 1999. Comprehensive Dictionary of Agricultural Sciences. By Aztnrn Charles Jay. Jihad-e-Agriculture Publications. 1, pp. 666. (In Persian).
4. Mail, MF., Majam JM., Marshall, M., Cutulle, M., Miller, G., Barnes, E. 2023. Agricultural Harvesting Robot Concept Design and System Components: A Review. Agricultural engineering, Vol. 5(2). Pp. 777-800.
5. Almasi, M., Kiani, Sh., Lehimi, N.M. 2001. Agricultural Mechanization. second edition. Hazrat Masoomeh Publications Institute. 1, pp. 380. (In Persian)
6. Dehghanian, S., Kochaki, A., Kolahi Ahari, A. 2000. Agricultural Geography (translation). Second edition. Ferdowsi University Publications, Mashhad. 5, pp. 687. (In Persian)
7. Kepner, R. A., Bainer, R., Barger, E. L., 1978. Principles of Farm Machinery 3rd edition. AVI Publishing Company, Inc. Westport, USA. 3, pp. 16.
8. Rahman, M. S., Monayem Miah, M. A., Moniruzzaman., Hossain, S. 2011. Impact of farm mechanization on labor use for wheat. Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, Vol. 21(3), pp. 594-589.
9. Singh, G. 2006. Estimation of a mechanization index and its impact on production and economic factors—a case studies in India. Biosystems Engineering, Vol. 93(1), pp. 99–106.
10. Raj Kamboj, B., Bir Yadav, D., Yadav, A. M., Kumar Goel, N., Gill, G., Malik, R. K., Chauhan, B. S. 2013. Mechanized Transplanting of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Nonpuddled and No-Till Conditions in the Rice-Wheat Cropping System in Haryana, India. American Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 4, pp. 2409-2413.
11. Yousefzadeh, S., saeed firouzi, S 2016. The study of the factors affecting the development of mechanization of rice cultivation in Guilan province by Delphi technique. Iranian Journal of Biosystem Engineering, Vol. 1, pp. 83-92. (In Persian)
12. Li, Z., Li, S., Lin, Z., Zhang, H. 2023. Effects of mechanical differences in sugarcane on the quality of mechanical harvesting. Int. Agrophys., Vol. 37(1), pp. 27-40.
13. Aivani, A., Safari, M., Hedayati Pour, A. 2003. Comparison of two methods mechanized and conventional of direct rice cultivation in terms of product performance and production costs. Journal of Agicultural Machinery, Vol (4)1, pp. 108-115.
14. Baur, P., Iles, A. 2023. Replacing humans with machines: a historical look at technology politics in California agriculture. Agriculture and Human Values, Vol. 40, pp. 113–140.
15. Safdari Karkj, A., shaehgholi, G. H., Mesri Gandshiman, T. 2010. Design, Construction and Evaluation of a portable Limb Shaker for Almond Tree. Sixth National Congress of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, Summer 2010. Tehran, Tehran University. Iran.
16. Harami Mousavi, P., Shaehgholi, G. H., & Mesri Gandishiman, p. 2016. Development of mechanized harvesting method of lentil. The 4th National Conference of Student Associations of Agricultural Sciences, Natural Resources and Environment, 2016, Spring, Karaj, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Tehran University. (In Persian)
17. Rasouli, F., Sadighi, H., Minaei, S. 2010. Factors Affecting Agricultural Mechanization: A Case Study on Sunflower Seed Farms in Iran. Journal of Agricultural Science Technology, Vol. 11, pp. 39-48.
18. Kutte, M.T., Tya, T.S.K., 2001. Mechanization Strategies for Sustainable Agricultural Production in Nigeria. Proceedings of NIAE, Vol. 23, pp. 27 - 33.
19. Pishbin, S., Mohammadi, H., Ejraii, A. 2007. Study of the problems of agricultural mechanization in Jahrom region. Development and exploitation. Vol. 2 (5), pp. 29-18. (In Persian)
20. Yusufzadeh, S., & Firoozi, S. 2016. Study of Factors Affecting the Development of Rice Mechanization in Guilan Province by method Delfi. Engineering Biotechnology in Iran, Vol. 1, pp. 92-83. (In Persian)
21. Hossegani, H., Hosseini, M., Khademolahsini, N.A., & Alizadeh, M.R. 2007. Economic evaluation of harvesting rice methods in Guilan. Journal of Agricultural Machinery, Vol. 9 (1), pp. 38-23. (In Persian)
22. Alizadeh, K. R. 2002. Field survey of the performance of reaper machines in rice harvesting operations and its comparison with the traditional method. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, Vol. 3 (13), PP. 1-14. (In Persian)
23. Moradi Pour, M., &Zarei Lalabadi Hamtian, A. 2013. Evaluation and comparison of commonly used pea harvesting combines in terms of losses rates. Sixth Conference on Agricultural Research Findings, 2013 Spring, Sanandaj, Kurdistan University. Iran. (In Persian)
24. Fazeleniari, D., Adelzadeh, R. 2008. Investigating and comparing the amount of losses in soybean harvests. The fifth national congress of agricultural machinery and mechanization. 2008 Summer, Mashhad, Iran Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Iran. (In Persian)
25. Li, Q., Luo, T., Cheng, T., Yang, S., She, H., Li, J., Wang, B., Kuai, J., Wang, J., Xu, Z., Zhou, G. 2023. Evaluation and Screening of Rapeseed Varieties (Brassica napus L.) Suitable for Mechanized Harvesting with High Yield and Quality. Agronomy. Vol. 13(3), pp. 795.
26. Shafaei Pour, H., Saeedi Sar, S., Nadali, Fatehaleh, F., Mohammadi, A. 2011. Effect of sowing date and seed pre-treatment on phenological stages, morphological characteristics and sunflower seed yield. Journal of Crop Production Research, Vol. 3 (1), pp. 131-103. (In Persian)
27. Anonymous. 2015. Statistics of Kermanshah Province Agricultural Jihad Organization.
28. Motamedi, M., Fakhar, Z., Mafi, F. 2022. Identifying and Prioritizing Strategic Factors for Tourism Development in Sonqor. Journal of Urban Tourism, Vol. 8(4), pp. 73-86.
29. Mozafari, M., Ghasemzadeh, H. R. 2010. Design, construction and evaluation of carrot harvesting machines suitable for small farms, Part I: Experimental determination of design and feasibility parameters. 6th National Congress on Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, 2010 Summer. Tehran, Tehran University. Iran. (In Persian)
30. Zarei Dolatabadi, H.R., Asudar, M.U. 2012. Determination of losses rates in different methods of harvesting with cost comparison. Seventh National Congress on Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, 2012 Summer. Shiraz, Shiraz University. Iran. (In Persian)
31. Saeedi Rad, M. H., silk, M. A., Mustafa Wand, H., Zarif Neshat, S. 2013. Technical and economic appraisal of Saffron flower harvesting process (Separation stigma from flower). Eighth National Congress of Agricultural Machinery Engineering (BioSystem) and Mechanization of Iran. 2013 winter. Mashhad, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Iran. (In Persian)
32. Kermani, A.M. 2016.Comparison of Four Harvesting Machines for Harvesting of Oil Olive. Journal of Engineering Research in Agricultural Mechanization and Systems, Vol. 16(65), pp. 1-18. (In Persian)
33. Razdari, A., Rahmati, M.H., Izadi, M., yoosefian, S.H. 2014. Evaluation and comparison of wheat harvest losses for two common combines in Khorramabad Township. Journal of Researches in Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery, Vol. 3(1), pp. 1-16. (In Persian)
34. Mercy, m.H., Sohrabundi, G. A., Khodadari, M., Mohammad Razzari, A. 2014. Technical and Economic Survey of Rice Harvesting Techniques in Shirvan Chardavol Region. Journal of Agricultural Machinery. Vol. 4 (2), pp. 178-386. (In Persian)
35. Li, Z., Li, S., Lin, Z., Zhang, H. 2023. Effects of mechanical differences in sugarcane on the quality of mechanical harvesting. International Agrophysics, Vol. 37(1), pp. 27-40.
36. Turky, Thaer, Isaak, Momtaz, Hassan, Naseem A. and Sabah, Khalid. Mechanization Status, its Technical Indicators and Impact on the Wheat Crop Production in Iraq. Agricultural Engineering, vol.27(1), pp.75-85.
37. Samadi, M., AbdolahPour, Sh., Babaii, A. 2013. Problems ahead in mechanized harvesting of saffron (case study: East Azerbaijan). Eighth National Congress of Agricultural Machinery Engineering (BioSystem) and Mechanization of Iran. 2013 winter. Mashhad, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Iran. (In Persian)
38. SaidiRad, MH., MehdiNia, A., ZarifNeshat, S. 2021. Challenges and solutions to develop the mechanization of saffron cultivation. Saffron promotion magazine, Vol 3(1), pp. 17-24. (In Persian)
39. RezaiiAs, A., Norozieh, Sh., TaghiZadeh, A., Sraii, A. 2013. Study and Comparison of Mechanical and Manual Harvesting Performance in Two Cotton Varieties Varamin and Sahel Cultivar. Mechanical science in agricultural machines, Vol 1(1), pp. 27-36. (In Persian)