مشکلات آفتابگردان‌کاران شهرستان سنقر با تأکید بر ماشین برداشت آفتابگردان
محورهای موضوعی : توسعه پایدار
معصومه عامریان
1
(استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
افسانه ملک حسینی
2
(دانشجوی سابق دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.)
یاسین مامارش تاش
3
(دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی سنقر، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.)
هادی مام سلطان ده شمس
4
(دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.)
کلید واژه: توصیفی-پیمایشی, تولید, تحلیل عاملی.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: با توجه به نقش مهم شهرستان سنقر در تولید آفتابگردان مرغوب و هم‌چنین مشاهده‌ی کاهش سطح زیر کشت این محصول در سالیان اخیر، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی مشکلات آفتابگردان‌کاران این شهرستان با تأکید بر ماشین برداشت آفتابگردان صورت گرفت. روش بررسی: روش تحقیق به‌کار رفته توصیفی- پیمایشی است. جامعه‌ی آماری کلیه‌ی آفتابگردان‌کاران شهر سنقر بودند (300N=) که از بین آن‌ها با استفاده از جدول مورگان تعداد 169 نفر با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری تصادفی به‌عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از روش مصاحبه و ابزار پرسشنامه استفاده شد که روش مصاحبه به‌منظور شناسایی گویه‌های پرسشنامه کاربرد داشت. بنابراین رویکرد کلی مطالعه کیفی-کمی متوالی بود. برای روایی پرسشنامه از پانل متخصصین استفاده شد و پایایی آن با آلفای کرونباخ بررسی شد که رقم مناسب 72/0 به‌دست آمد. به‌منظور تحلیل داده‌ها، از تحلیل عاملی استفاده شد. یافته ها: طبق نتایج به‌دست آمده، 1/32 درصد آفتابگردان‌کاران در رنج سنی 40-31 سال و 75 درصد آن‌ها کشاورزی بودند و 2/31 درصد آفتابگردان‌کاران دارای تحصیلات راهنمایی و 4/2 درصد از آن‌ها در حد خیلی زیاد از شغل خود رضایت داشتند. حدود 90 درصد آفتابگردان‌کاران از ماشین برداشت آفتابگردان رضایت متوسط به بالا داشتند. نتایج تحلیل عاملی نشان داد مشکلات آفتابگردان‌کاران شهرستان سنقر در شش عامل عدم حمایت دولتی، مشکلات فروش، داشت و برداشت سخت، هزینه‌بر بودن برداشت دستی، مشکل بازاریابی، مشکل فرآوری و بسته‌بندی دسته‌بندی شدند. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: در میان عامل‌ها مشکل عدم حمایت دولتی بیش‌ترین نقش را در تبیین مشکلات آفتابگردان‌کاران شهرستان سنقر به خود اختصاص داد. مشکلات اساسی آفتابگردان‌کاران این شهرستان فقدان حمایت جهاد کشاورزی و مراکز تحقیقات کشاورزی می‌باشد که می‌تواند نقش بسیار مهمی در افزایش سطح کشت و نیز کاهش ضایعات برداشت این محصول داشته باشد. رعایت تناسب بین ظرفیت و قیمت تمام شده‌ی ماشین برداشت برای عرضه دارای اهمیت است.
Background and Objectives: Due to the important role of Sonqor in the production of high quality sunflower and also observed reduce the area under cultivation of this crop in recent years, the present study aimed to investigate the problems were sunflower growers Sonqor with an emphasis on sunflower harvesting machine. Materials and Methods: The research method used is descriptive - survey. The statistical society was all sunflower farmers Sonqor (N=300) that among them using Morgan table, 169 persons were selected using the random sampling as the statistical sample. Interview method and questionnaire instrument were used to collect data that Interview method was used to identify questionnaire items. So general approach was study qualitative-quantitative consecutive. For the questionnaire validity of the panel of experts was used and its reliability was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha that appropriate number 0.72 was obtained. To analyze the data was used of factor analysis. Findings: According to the results, 32.1% of sunflower growers were in the age range of 31-40 years and 75% of them had agricultural jobs. 31.2% had middle school education and 2.4% of sunflower growers were very satisfied with their jobs. About 90% of the sunflower growers had moderate to high satisfaction with the sunflower harvesting machine. Results of factorial analysis showed that sunflower growers Sonqor problems in six of the lack of government support, problem selling, planting and harvesting difficult, costly and manual harvesting, marketing problems, and difficulty processing were classified. Discussion and Conclusion: Among the factors, lack of government support has the most important role in explaining problems Sonqor sunflower growers. The basic problems of sunflower growers in this city are the lack of support for agricultural jihad and agricultural research centers, which can play a very important role in increasing the area of cultivation and reducing the harvest waste of this crop. It is important to observe the proportionality between the capacity and the cost of the harvesting machine for supply.
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