strategy

Open Access Article

1 - Shahid Soleimani and the direction of the defense-security doctrine of J.A. Iran with an emphasis on: active activism and the "extraordinary insight decision-making" model
ali bagherizadeh

The grand defense strategy of each country is embodied and crystallized in its defense and security doctrine.In order to achieve this goal, the security elites plan and operate the country's defense doctrine according to the level of actual andpotential threats.The inse More

The grand defense strategy of each country is embodied and crystallized in its defense and security doctrine.In order to achieve this goal, the security elites plan and operate the country's defense doctrine according to the level of actual andpotential threats.The insecurity situation in the surrounding environment has caused the decision-making elites in the field of defense-security doctrine,the index of security,to take an explicit proactive approach.and make the central idea in the surrounding turbulent environment the centrality of the country's defense strategy.To explain thatany inaction in security areas leads to spillover of insecurity and chaos from the peripheral environment to the internal environment.Senior military commanders,as decision makers in the security field,play a central role in this important matter by drawing and designing defense lines. Lt. Gen.Martyr Hajj Qassem Soleimani, as a personality who with extraordinary talent and vision,with his strategic decisions, increased the national security factor A. promoted Iran to the highest level in the country's history. In the way that he is considered as the architect of Iran's strategic security and stability. Iran is examined. The main question of the article is emphasized for this topic: What effects has the strategic thinking of Shahid Soleimani had on the orientation of the security doctrine of Iran? The increasing search for security, geopolitical dynamics, active deterrence, strategic depth,continuity of hard and soft power, active strategic and idea-oriented activism" has had a direct and decisive impact onthe direction of the Iranian defense-security doctrine.Specific findings The research shows that: "J.A. Iran's defense-security doctrine is influenced by the wise thinking of Martyr Soleimani in the form of a fixed model ofIranian realism, from the perspective of the realist government,there is a paradigm shift from a reflexive and reactive approach to a proactive approach to active security and "Strategic frankness has been proportionate to the threats." Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Designing the pattern of alignment of organizational elements with the strategies of the organization and its relationship with performance
faride defaei Seyed Mohammad Aarabi saheb1 badrei

The main goal of the current research is to design a model of alignment of human resources strategies, organizational structure and culture with organizational strategies and its effect on the performance of schools covered by Allameh Tabatabai educational and cultural More

The main goal of the current research is to design a model of alignment of human resources strategies, organizational structure and culture with organizational strategies and its effect on the performance of schools covered by Allameh Tabatabai educational and cultural complex. Based on the theory of strategic reference points, this research presents a model for coordination between the organization's strategy and the level strategy of human resources and the elements of the organization. Two reference points of low or intense control and internal or external attention were considered as reference points. Based on the strategic reference points (SRP), human resource strategies, structure, culture and organizational strategies were determined and then the relationship between the various types of these strategies and organizational elements was investigated. To measure the performance of the schools covered by the Allameh Tabatabai complex 4 organizational performance criteria of balanced scorecard model (BSC) was used. The statistical population in this research includes managers, employees and teachers of Allameh Tabatabai complex, which are about 400 people. The type is correlation and the unit of analysis is the school. The field data collection method of this research is a questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed with spss and PLS software. The obtained data and their interpretation show that in Allameh complex Tabatabai, the dominant type of competitive organization strategy, the dominant type of human resource strategy, the secondary strategy, the dominant type of mechanical organizational structure, and the dominant type of organizational culture is mission culture. There is an alignment between the organization's strategies and other studied elements. The performance of those schools that are between Organization strategies and organizational elements are more aligned, their performance is also higher. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Consequences of ineffective organizational culture based on Jihadi management indicators in Islamic Republic of Justice
hassan soltani taherehsadat arvinasl Saeed Razeghi

If the Judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Iran does not enjoy sufficient favor in the field of serving clients, considering God in all matters of judgment, having a public spirit by judges and its officials, self-cultivation, correct and accurate use of the treasury, More

If the Judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Iran does not enjoy sufficient favor in the field of serving clients, considering God in all matters of judgment, having a public spirit by judges and its officials, self-cultivation, correct and accurate use of the treasury, etc. Gradually, it loses its popularity among the people. Therefore, the purpose of the current research is the consequences of the ineffectiveness of the organizational culture based on Jihadi management indicators in the judiciary of the Islamic Republic. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of execution method. The target population of the present research in the qualitative and quantitative part will be professors and experts of organizational management and jihadi management with at least 10 years of experience. The sample size is determined based on the theoretical saturation approach and the sampling method is the snowball method. In order to analyze the interview data, in the qualitative stage, thematic analysis method is used. The process in the foundation data method includes coding. Also, in the quantitative stage, the validity of the interview items has been confirmed. Finally, the findings indicate that the consequences of the lack of a favorable organizational culture based on jihadi management indicators are: waste of resources, lack of responsibility, lack of godly orientation, lack of self-confidence, lack of attention to participation, lack of respect for each other, bad mood, Ignoring religious actions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The impact of corporate social performance on the market performance of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange with the moderating role of business strategy
Hosein Asgari Alouj

Purpose: The performance of companies is measured based on the achievement of short-term and long-term goals. For this reason, performance is considered a suitable indicator to reach the set goals. Several factors are effective in increasing the market performance of co More

Purpose: The performance of companies is measured based on the achievement of short-term and long-term goals. For this reason, performance is considered a suitable indicator to reach the set goals. Several factors are effective in increasing the market performance of companies. The most important success criterion for companies is their market performance. This research sought to determine the moderating role of business strategy in the effect of corporate social performance on the market performance of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Methodology: The collected data of 117 companies from 2013 to 2021 was tested by the first-order generalized least squares regression method. To measure the corporate social performance, social dimensions, corporate governance, and environment are used, and to measure the market performance of the company, two criteria, Tobin’s Q ratio and the MBV of the company, have been used. Findings: The research findings showed that corporate social performance has a positive and significant effect on the company's market performance. In addition, the findings of the research showed that the aggressive business strategy has strengthened the effect of corporate social performance on the company's market performance. Originality: The results of the research can be effective in revising and modifying the guidelines and reporting framework of corporate social performance information so that it helps all stakeholders and users evaluate the level of companies attention to the impact of the corporate social performance on market performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - A non-disruptive multi-objective charging strategy for WRSN through multi-UAV deployment optimization using a meta-heuristic algorithm
Payman Habibi Goran Hassanifard Abdulbaghi Ghaderzadeh Arez Nosratpour

Here, a planning approach for CUAVs movement path and charging schedule of sensor nodes under uncertainty in data transfer rate and energy consumption in nodes with the help of Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) and gradient-based optimization (GBO) algorithms have been pr More

Here, a planning approach for CUAVs movement path and charging schedule of sensor nodes under uncertainty in data transfer rate and energy consumption in nodes with the help of Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) and gradient-based optimization (GBO) algorithms have been presented. By considering the inequalities and uncertainty in the battery limit and energy consumption of the nodes, we will achieve new scheduling strategies for WRSNs to increase the charging throughput and increase the network lifetime. Initially, with the help of information about the position and remaining energy of the nodes, clustering of the nodes into the number of drones has been done by the K-means method. According to the definition of the multi-purpose function of CUAV and with the help of the proposed algorithms, the routing and charging schedule of each of the drones is planned. In the defined objective function, all uncertainties and inequalities of the network are included for the delay and consumption of energy and battery of the nodes. The simulation was done under MATLAB software. The results showed that the proposed method based on HHO has achieved better solutions in terms of increasing the network lifetime and reducing the delay and optimizing energy consumption. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - China's energy strategy (with emphasis on the war in Ukraine and the agreement between Iran and Saudi Arabi
reza shokri golnaz amjadi jalal mirzaii

نتیجه ترجمه Energy diplomacy is carrying out diplomatic missions in line with major development goals with the aim of improving the country's political and economic position and attracting international and regional investments and cooperation in the energy sector. T More

نتیجه ترجمه Energy diplomacy is carrying out diplomatic missions in line with major development goals with the aim of improving the country's political and economic position and attracting international and regional investments and cooperation in the energy sector. Today, by benefiting from energy diplomacy, countries are trying to ensure their interests and energy security in this field as much as possible without using force. China, as the largest major energy consumer in the world, using the tool of energy diplomacy in the Middle East; Central Asia, Africa and Latin America have raised their major concerns about energy security. Energy diplomacy has become China's effective tool in determining the new global order, and this country has tried to adjust its foreign policy direction based on economic interests. China's energy diplomacy has been rapidly changing and expanding over the past two decades, and new geopolitical developments and the establishment of international regimes have strengthened this country's energy diplomacy. The main goal of this research is to examine China's strategy in the field of energy with an emphasis on the Ukraine war and the agreement between Iran and Saudi Arabia. This research with descriptive and analytical methods and library studies is an answer to the question of how the new global international developments are in line with the energy diplomacy goals of this country. China has strengthened its political legitimacy and economy by creating new investment opportunities, increasing connections with the global community and oil-rich countries, energy exports and imports. The consequences of these wars will be creating insecurity in the field of energy supply and increasing the price of energy carriers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - explanation and design of the strategic model of export development and its relationship with the export performance of production cooperative companies in Tehran.
Seyad Mohammad Aarabi صاحب بدری سعیده بدری

The main goal of the current research is to explain and design the strategic model of export development and their impact on the export performance of production cooperative companies in Tehran. T. The first group is the Delphi Group, which was selected from experts in More

The main goal of the current research is to explain and design the strategic model of export development and their impact on the export performance of production cooperative companies in Tehran. T. The first group is the Delphi Group, which was selected from experts in the field of export through a purposeful sampling method, and the second group is the active production cooperative companies of Tehran province, where 24 cooperative companies were selected as an available sample. To collect data from two questionnaires, the first one is for export development; This questionnaire was made by the researcher with the help of the Delphi group, and the second questionnaire is for measuring export performance, which is taken from the literature. 170 questionnaires were randomly distributed among managers and experts of selected companies, and 150 filled questionnaires were found to be acceptable. To identify the factors affecting export development through a qualitative method and based on coding and the impact of each of the identified elements on the export performance, partial least squares method with SmartPLS software was used to confirm the model. The obtained results show that, six strategic factors, supporting organizations with an average of 3.67, competitive advantage with an average of 3.27, knowledge management with an average of 3.49, infrastructure with an average of 3.75, government policies with an average of 63. 3 and marketing strategies with an average of 3.83 have a role in the development of the export of products of production cooperative companies in Tehran province. The endogenous variable coefficient of sponsoring organizations is 0.588, competitive advantage is 0.189, knowledge management is 0.032, marketing strategies is 0.27, infrastructure is 0.451, and government policies are 0.459. All factors, except for knowledge management, have become significant at the level of 0.01 in the society Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Futuristic in Designing a model for assessment of “strategy communication”
امیرحسین صبورطینت nasser mirsepassi seyedreza seyedjavadein fereshteh amin

Reviews and investigations over the past decade shows that one of the main reasons for organizations fail in their efforts to develop and implement their strategies is failure to transfer and connect it to the staff, or in other word to lack of alignment between human r More

Reviews and investigations over the past decade shows that one of the main reasons for organizations fail in their efforts to develop and implement their strategies is failure to transfer and connect it to the staff, or in other word to lack of alignment between human resource management (HRM) and strategy. The Collection of efforts which are made to transfer and connect strategy to employees could be called as “Strategy communication”. Strategy communication consists of three elements which are: Strategy awareness, Strategy involvement, and strategy belief. A review of literature and research background reflects lack of a comprehensive customized model for assessing strategy communication in the context of country industries including automotive industry. The main research question is to identify and design subcomponent of the basic conceptual model of strategy communication which can be extracted from the research background. Therefore, the aim of thisstudyis to recognize components of strategic communication and dominant relations between them in the automotive industry of the country and turn it into a strategic communication evaluation toolbox. The current research method is mix method that involves using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The design phase of communication model, expert’s interviews and content analysis template (coding and categorization) were applied and the pattern of Scott has been used as validation method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Identification of Key capabilities of Organizational foresight in Banking and Financial Institutions of Iran
Mahdi Gholizadeh Zavoshti safar fazli Einolah Keshavarz turk Asghar Ebnerasoul

Futures studies in an organization, known as Organizational Foresight, are one of the areas discussed in futures research and strategic management. Foresight enables organizations to identify future changes that are fundamental to the future and can design appropriate a More

Futures studies in an organization, known as Organizational Foresight, are one of the areas discussed in futures research and strategic management. Foresight enables organizations to identify future changes that are fundamental to the future and can design appropriate and innovative responses to protect themselves against these changes and survival in the long run. The foresight process in the banking industry can be seen as a set of key features that focus on its specific nature and distinguish it from other initiatives in banks. The purpose of this article is to understand the differences between the future prospects of Iranian banks and financial institutions in the implementation of the potential of strategic forecasting projects based on the Paliokaite et al. 2014 model. The study used e-mail scanning, in which emails were sent to top managers and senior executives of bank plans. Data were analyzed statistically using cluster analysis and the Mann-Whitney U test. The statistical significance obtained in this study is to determine and understand the differences in the ability of banks to run strategic futures programs. The findings of the current research significantly increase our understanding of the readiness and feasibility of implementation of corporate futures projects in the banking industry, so that the prospecting capabilities of the first-class banks in comparison to other banks in two dimensions of the selection capabilities The strategy and integration capabilities are greater, but in terms of the environment, scanning capabilities are less than other banks. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The relationship between Prospectors strategy and the stock price crash risk with the role of overvalued equities
mohammad hossein ranjbar Hossein Rajabdorri

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Prospectors strategy and the stock price crash risk with the role of a moderating over-valuation of stocks in companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research is in terms of its purpose a More

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Prospectors strategy and the stock price crash risk with the role of a moderating over-valuation of stocks in companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research is in terms of its purpose and its time period is from 2012 to 2016 and a sample of 380 years is a company. To test the hypothesis of the research, Regression method of least squares was used in Eviews software. The results of the research hypothesis test show that after controlling the variables of the financial leverage, the size of the company, the ratio of the book value to the market value of equity and the equity ratio, between the Prospectors strategy and the stock price crash risk in two There is a positive and significant relationship between the skewness of the stock returns and the low-to-high fluctuation. Also, after controlling the listed control variables, the stock price overestimates positively and significantly the relationship between Prospectors strategies and the stock price crash risk in both of the two cases of the negative skewness of stock returns and low-to-high fluctuations. As a result, managers and investors need to pay more attention to business strategies and, with their knowledge, have more investment and management. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Explaining Business Strategies and Strategic Orientation to Future Design of Human Resources Management System (Case Study: Export Development Bank of Iran)
Mohammad reza Reyhani tooraj mojibi Hassanali Aghajani Mojtaba Tabari ali Mehdizadeh Ashrafi

One of the main challenges of organizations is to achieve competitive advantage through a strategic vision of the future. The purpose of this study is to explain business strategies using the Michael Porter model (1985) and strategic orientation (recruitment from the in More

One of the main challenges of organizations is to achieve competitive advantage through a strategic vision of the future. The purpose of this study is to explain business strategies using the Michael Porter model (1985) and strategic orientation (recruitment from the internal or external labor market) as reference points in order to design the future of the HRM system at the Export Development Bank of Iran. The present study is descriptive survey. The statistical population consisted of 381 experts, 181 of them were selected as the statistical sample. The validity of the research was determined by experts in several stages and its reliability was 0.76 Cronbach's alpha and the data were analyzed using fuzzy hypothesis test. According to the findings, the Bank's strategy did not fit in with both dimensions of cost leadership and differentiation. From the perspective of the strategic orientation of the labor market, the maintenance of internal staff was confirmed with a moderate possibility, but the attraction of talents from the external labor market was not confirmed. Finally, it was concluded that the bank's policymakers with a futuristic look, use new e-technologies, Think about the customer-specific service and reduce the cost of providing services and pay attention to internal resources instead of outsourcing contracts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Business Strategy, Financial Reporting Readability, Prospectors Strategy, Defenders Strategy.
zabiholah khani Hossein Rajabdorri Nasim Sharafi

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between prospective and defenders business strategies and the readability of financial reporting. Companies with different strategies have different information environments that may indicate the relationship More

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between prospective and defenders business strategies and the readability of financial reporting. Companies with different strategies have different information environments that may indicate the relationship between business strategy and financial reporting legibility. The Fog index and the length of the text were used to examine the readability of financial reporting. This research is an applied objective and its period is from 2013 to 2017 and a sample of 163 companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. To test the research hypotheses, the least squares method was used in Eviews software. The findings of the research hypothesis test indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between prospective and Defenders business with financial reporting scruple, which is stronger in future Prospectors companies. A partial review of the research hypotheses suggests that the level of relationship between the Prospectors business strategy and the Fog (H 1) index and the length of the text (H 2) is 46% and 49%, respectively. Also, the level of relationship between the Defenders business strategy and the Fog index (H 3) and the length of the text (H 4) is 31% and 29%, respectively. Consequently, in the interests of greater transparency and clarity, more attention is needed to the company's business strategy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Presenting a green human resources strategy model in the Workers' Welfare Bank with a future approach
افسانه زمانی مقدم leila ghasemi zeinolabedin amini sabegh Seyyed abdollah sajadi seyyed ahmad hashemi

10.30495/jmfr.2022.20266

Foresight and transformation of possible alternatives and scenarios in the future of human resources in the banking industry is the main purpose of this study. In terms of purpose, this research is of the type of analytical future research. In terms of how to collect an More

Foresight and transformation of possible alternatives and scenarios in the future of human resources in the banking industry is the main purpose of this study. In terms of purpose, this research is of the type of analytical future research. In terms of how to collect and type of data is a combination. In the first stage of the research, which is based on qualitative method, the statistical population is all experts and experts in the field of human resource management (organizational and academic experts) that finally 10 people were selected as an expert group using purposive or judgmental sampling. In a quantitative stage, the statistical population of the study consisted of all managers and planners of the Workers' Welfare Bank in Greater Tehran Province. Using Morgan sample size determination table, 338 people were selected as a sample by stratified random sampling. The collected data are analyzed in the qualitative stage by the method of directional and analytical content analysis and then based on the open, axial and selective coding method in a comparative manner and in the quantitative stage using structural equation modeling. The results showed that the green human resources strategy model in the Workers' Welfare Bank has three levels and twelve components. Individual strategies include green attitude, green knowledge and green motivation, team strategies including green team participation, team building. Green Homes, Green Team Leadership, Green Team Engagement, and Organizational Strategies include Green Recruitment, Green Training and Development, Green Performance Management, Green Discipline, and Green Work Environment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Determination of Innovative Actions of the Organization using Porter's Competitive Combined Model and Blue Ocean Strategy
Fatemeh Khoshkam Mehdi Abbasi

To continue the life of organizations in today's global marketplace, finding solutions to the exit from the competition field. The purpose of this research is to provide an algorithm for the development of innovative measures by using Porter's competitive forces and the More

To continue the life of organizations in today's global marketplace, finding solutions to the exit from the competition field. The purpose of this research is to provide an algorithm for the development of innovative measures by using Porter's competitive forces and the blue ocean strategy.This research is descriptive survey and in terms of applied purpose. In this research, by presenting a two-step algorithm, the competitive environment and industry structure are identified, while evaluating the attractiveness of the organization, a suitable strategy for leaving the competitive environment is presented. In order to implement the proposed algorithm in the IRAFA company, the first team of experts included all the experts and managers. In the second stage, using a questionnaire scan and performing statistical tests, it was determined that among five of Porter's competitive forces, the competition among existing organizations was the main cause of the threat. Also, Table Four Action of the Blue Ocean Strategy Plan was developed with an emphasis on value innovation for the IRAFA company. Emphasizing value innovation can be integrating and synchronizing with similar small organizations; creating targeted advertising; providing services through the Internet; careful operation of free consulting services; eliminating specialized vocabulary in advertising for the company. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - A Futurology Model of International Marketing Strategies Alignment in Downstream Sector of Iran Petroleum Industry
Iman Mohammadali Tajrishi Sina Nematizadeh Hassan Esmailpur Ghasemali Bazaee

10.30495/jmfr.2021.19486

This study is struggled to reply this question; the existence of the strategic alignment in the international marketing domain would caused export performance improvement. After that a decision support system (DSS) about export strategy alignment is presented. This rese More

This study is struggled to reply this question; the existence of the strategic alignment in the international marketing domain would caused export performance improvement. After that a decision support system (DSS) about export strategy alignment is presented. This research from the view of objective is a casual research and because of the research presents a model in the strategic level for export strategies, it is a developmental research. The study performed in Iran’s petrochemical companies which had export performance. The level of analysis is organization. The method of data gathering for export performance is external secondary data (Industrial Management Org. reports about IMI500 and the financial statement of the companies) and for determining the degree of strategic alignment the strategic reference points (SRP's) theory is applied. The result shows that: (1) Higher export strategies alignment caused increasing in the export performance, (2) Fuzzy measurements of strategic alignment and export performance caused a more accurate statement for reality, (3) In this research the utility of the fuzzy model to present a DSS for management has approved. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Evaluation of accordance between organization strategy with marketing strategy in top ranking company of Iran food industry
Nasser Poursadegh S. Yalda Sekhavati

Strategic accordance is defined as proper and timely implementation of informationtechnology in accordance with business strategies, points and needs.Review of literature shows a positive interaction between competitive strategies, informationtechnology and proper funct More

Strategic accordance is defined as proper and timely implementation of informationtechnology in accordance with business strategies, points and needs.Review of literature shows a positive interaction between competitive strategies, informationtechnology and proper function of the organization. Managers, who succeeded to integrate thesestrategies, emphasize on the vital role of this integration.This study examines the effect of congruity between organizational and marketing strategies,based on miles –snow classification (defensive, analytical and prospective strategies). After thisclassification, ideal profiles for each of these strategies are proposed. 10 top ranking companiesin the field of food industry comprise the study population, which were analyzed via 60questionnaires.Two main questionnaires including 15 and 18 questions were designated to test theories insurveillance section. Cronbach's alpha co efficient for reliability of result was 0.786. Piersontest was used to evaluate factors involving data process. Finally relationship between strategicaccordance and proper function of the organization was evaluated. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Corporate Strategies
هاشم Nikoumaram M.A Abdolvand

Each  Corporation  should  have  a  mission  and  determine it’s objective  based  on  it’s  strategic  vision . The  achievement  of  corporate  objectives  shiuld  re More

Each  Corporation  should  have  a  mission  and  determine it’s objective  based  on  it’s  strategic  vision . The  achievement  of  corporate  objectives  shiuld  result  in  fulfillment  of  corporation’s  mission.  Objectives  shiuld  be  the  result  of  simultaneous  analysis  of  firm’s  resource  strengths  and  weaknesses  and  its  external  opportunities  and  threats , commonly  known  as  SWOT  anslysis .  Objective  is  the  end  result  of  planned  activity , but  a strategy  of  a corporation  forms  a  comprehensive  master  plan  stating  how  the  corporation  will  achieve  it’s  mission  and  objectives. Corporate  strategy  deals  with  three  key  issues  facing  the  corporate  as a  whole :(1) directional  strategy  ( the firm’s  overall  orientation  toward  growth , stability , or retrenchment ) ,(2) portfolio  strategy  (the  Industries  or  markets  in which  the  firm  competes through  its  products  and  business  units , and (3)  parenting  strategy ( the  manner  in  which  management  coordinates  activities  and  transfers  resources  and  cultivates  capabilities  among  product  lines  and  business units) . these  strategies  are  discussed  in  details  through  the  article. Management’s  art  is  to  be a  ware  of  different   strategies  and  the  best  among  alternative  based  on  SWOT  analysis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - The Need tp Adapt a Fundamental Change Approach to Public Administration Programs in Order to Improve and Enhance the Capacity and Competency of the State
N.i Mirsepass M. Ghahremani

Fundamental changes in bureaucracy in our country have been noted for many decades by scholars inthe field. In 2002, the Ministers’ Board agreed to implement a seven-principle program oftransformation in PA by state apparatus . The new definition of the state is a More

Fundamental changes in bureaucracy in our country have been noted for many decades by scholars inthe field. In 2002, the Ministers’ Board agreed to implement a seven-principle program oftransformation in PA by state apparatus . The new definition of the state is as a facilitator andaccelerator factor of development; the goal of program is improvement of competence in PA. Thetransformation program should be implemented simultaneously to achieve the goal. This paperexamines the relationship between the implementation strategy for the transformation program of PAand the competence of the state.Using a common index, we gathered a sample of 99 participants from the public implement apparatusof center of the West Azarbayjan province . The findings show mismatching between the program andimplementation due to political, technical and organizational centralization; lack of proper motivationfor top managers; lack of non-governmental institutions in the process of evaluating performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Evaluation of accordance between organization strategy with marketing strategy in top ranking company of Iran food industry
Nasser Poursadegh S. Yalda Sekhavati

Strategic accordance is defined as proper and timely implementation of informationtechnology in accordance with business strategies, points and needs.Review of literature shows a positive interaction between competitive strategies, informationtechnology and proper funct More

Strategic accordance is defined as proper and timely implementation of informationtechnology in accordance with business strategies, points and needs.Review of literature shows a positive interaction between competitive strategies, informationtechnology and proper function of the organization. Managers, who succeeded to integrate thesestrategies, emphasize on the vital role of this integration.This study examines the effect of congruity between organizational and marketing strategies,based on miles –snow classification (defensive, analytical and prospective strategies). After thisclassification, ideal profiles for each of these strategies are proposed. 10 top ranking companiesin the field of food industry comprise the study population, which were analyzed via 60questionnaires.Two main questionnaires including 15 and 18 questions were designated to test theories insurveillance section. Cronbach's alpha co efficient for reliability of result was 0.786. Piersontest was used to evaluate factors involving data process. Finally relationship between strategicaccordance and proper function of the organization was evaluated. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Dynamic Organizational Planning Modeling with Fuzzy Data
S. Khanmohammadi R. Radfar J. Jassbi

Strategic planning models emphasizes on two major approaches: first, mathematical models andmulti criteria decision making are used for organizational strategy selection and second, geometricalanalysis are used for strategy selection. But these approaches are usually su More

Strategic planning models emphasizes on two major approaches: first, mathematical models andmulti criteria decision making are used for organizational strategy selection and second, geometricalanalysis are used for strategy selection. But these approaches are usually suffering from the fourmajor drawbacks:1) The effect of time, as a basic variable, is not considered in strategic planning process;2) In classic mathematical models that are currently used in strategy selection process, it is notpossible to consider all of the effective parameters simultaneously;3) Mutual effects of components and subsystems are disregarded;4) The ignorance of lag effects between elements and relations.In this paper a dynamic system approach is used for modeling the planning process to overcomethese weaknesses. In this model, organizational planning has been done based on recognition ofinternal and external components and mutual effects to overcome the organizational problems.Dynamic planning model consider an integrated whole system is designed containing differentsubsystems. This model is used to select the best strategy between different possible solutions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Modeling Cause and Effect Relationships of Strategy Map Using DEMATEL Technique
Javad Jasbi Farshid Mohamadnejad

The Balanced Scorecard is widely adopted performance management framework firstintroduced in the early 1990s. More recently it has been proposed as the basic for a strategicmanagement system. Strategy mapping is the most important task in building a BalancedScorecard sy More

The Balanced Scorecard is widely adopted performance management framework firstintroduced in the early 1990s. More recently it has been proposed as the basic for a strategicmanagement system. Strategy mapping is the most important task in building a BalancedScorecard system. Strategy mapping is the process for visually making cause and effectrelationships between all possible strategic objectives in an organization. The process forbuilding and constructing a strategy map is a human centric activity which could be consideredas the combination and integration of all knowledge and preferences of the managerial boards.From the view point of strategic decision making in an organization, the process for building astrategy map, could be viewed in a general body of a unified group decision making context. Ifwe see the strategy map, as a structural modeling framework for making the cause and effectrelationships among the strategic objectives, it is possible to deploy Decision Making Trial andEvaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) as a framework for structural modeling approach subject tothe problem. The DEMATEL method gathers collective knowledge to capture the causalrelationships between strategic criteria. The model is especially practical and useful forvisualizing the structure of complicated causal relationships with matrices or digraphs. In thisprocess, the integrated structure can be offered for the macro level balanced scorecard and inaddition to the mathematic modeling of cause and effect relationships, a decision supportsystem could be presented in the execution frame that may increase the efficiency of thebalanced scorecard management system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Modeling Cause and Effect Relationships of Strategy Map Using DEMATEL Technique
Javad Jasbi Farshid Mohamadnejad

The Balanced Scorecard is widely adopted performance management framework firstintroduced in the early 1990s. More recently it has been proposed as the basic for a strategicmanagement system. Strategy mapping is the most important task in building a BalancedScorecard sy More

The Balanced Scorecard is widely adopted performance management framework firstintroduced in the early 1990s. More recently it has been proposed as the basic for a strategicmanagement system. Strategy mapping is the most important task in building a BalancedScorecard system. Strategy mapping is the process for visually making cause and effectrelationships between all possible strategic objectives in an organization. The process forbuilding and constructing a strategy map is a human centric activity which could be consideredas the combination and integration of all knowledge and preferences of the managerial boards.From the view point of strategic decision making in an organization, the process for building astrategy map, could be viewed in a general body of a unified group decision making context. Ifwe see the strategy map, as a structural modeling framework for making the cause and effectrelationships among the strategic objectives, it is possible to deploy Decision Making Trial andEvaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) as a framework for structural modeling approach subject tothe problem. The DEMATEL method gathers collective knowledge to capture the causalrelationships between strategic criteria. The model is especially practical and useful forvisualizing the structure of complicated causal relationships with matrices or digraphs. In thisprocess, the integrated structure can be offered for the macro level balanced scorecard and inaddition to the mathematic modeling of cause and effect relationships, a decision supportsystem could be presented in the execution frame that may increase the efficiency of thebalanced scorecard management system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Management of information technology to implement customer-oriented strategy
Ali Divandari

Information Technology is one of the critical success factors in any organization in that it isvirtually impossible to implement organizational plan without paying due attention to this domain.In their attempt to implement their strategies, organizations need to conside More

Information Technology is one of the critical success factors in any organization in that it isvirtually impossible to implement organizational plan without paying due attention to this domain.In their attempt to implement their strategies, organizations need to consider all the influentialfactors including the IT issues and make necessary adaptations between the organizational strategyand its IT. As private banks, credit fund and Gharz-ol-hasane fund are introduced as the new playersin banking industry, the industry is experiencing an ever-increasing competitive condition and insuch a market, customer is the key determinant of success. This paper reviews the four maincommercial banks of Iran, tries to determine the degree of adaptability of IT variables insideorganizations with customer-oriented strategy of banks and seeks to recognize their extend ofreadiness in adopting this strategy as far as IT-relevant issues are concerned. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Measuring IS/business Alignment: A case study of Port and sailing organization
Mir-Ali Seyedi Nasser Poursadegh Solmaz Akbarpour

IS strategic planning towards realizing organizational is one of the most important topicsamong Executive managers of companies. It is known as strategic alignment. The purpose ofthis study is to evaluate the maturity of strategic alignment in Irans Port and sailingorga More

IS strategic planning towards realizing organizational is one of the most important topicsamong Executive managers of companies. It is known as strategic alignment. The purpose ofthis study is to evaluate the maturity of strategic alignment in Irans Port and sailingorganization. the alignment factors identified in Luftman strategic alignment maturity modelform the basis of the present study. Luftman model is comprised of five levels, each consistingof six factors. The statistical population of this study consists of CEOs , CIOs and IT experts ofport and sailing organization who are 55 people and were chosen by cases and samples. Thedata was collected using an eight parts questionnaire to determine organization's current status.The result of the analysis of data indicates that according to the idea of manager, the port andsailing organization is at the third level of strstegic alignment maturity(stablished focused).theperspective of the improvement is toward forth level of the strategic alignment maturity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Measuring IS/business Alignment: A case study of Port and sailing organization
Mir-Ali Seyedi Nasser Poursadegh Solmaz Akbarpour

IS strategic planning towards realizing organizational is one of the most important topicsamong Executive managers of companies. It is known as strategic alignment. The purpose ofthis study is to evaluate the maturity of strategic alignment in Irans Port and sailingorga More

IS strategic planning towards realizing organizational is one of the most important topicsamong Executive managers of companies. It is known as strategic alignment. The purpose ofthis study is to evaluate the maturity of strategic alignment in Irans Port and sailingorganization. the alignment factors identified in Luftman strategic alignment maturity modelform the basis of the present study. Luftman model is comprised of five levels, each consistingof six factors. The statistical population of this study consists of CEOs , CIOs and IT experts ofport and sailing organization who are 55 people and were chosen by cases and samples. Thedata was collected using an eight parts questionnaire to determine organization's current status.The result of the analysis of data indicates that according to the idea of manager, the port andsailing organization is at the third level of strstegic alignment maturity(stablished focused).theperspective of the improvement is toward forth level of the strategic alignment maturity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Future Scorecard in Strategic Foresight Context
Saeed Khazaee Sahneh Mehran Aslaniyan

Context: Scenarios have traditionally been used to describe the possibility of replacing future developments in the external environment, which are then used to assess the current strategy and develop future strategies. However, with a shift in focus away from the marke More

Context: Scenarios have traditionally been used to describe the possibility of replacing future developments in the external environment, which are then used to assess the current strategy and develop future strategies. However, with a shift in focus away from the market-based paradigm towards a resource-based view of strategies, scenarios can also be used to describe alternatives for internal development paths of an organization. Then, these two types of scenarios can be systematically developed and used as significant features of an early strategic warning system (Future Scorecard). This research tries to provide a systematic approach towards strategic foresight by combining internal scenarios (resource-based view) and external scenarios (market-based view) within a mechanism called the future scorecard that can be used to describe alternative ways of internal development in organizations. By studying existing literature, as well as numerous examples, tries to develop the concept of future scorecard. The findings suggest that the external (market-based) and internal (resource-based) approach to building an early strategic warning system should be combined. Objectives: This research tries to provide a systematic approach towards strategic foresight by combining internal scenarios (resource-based view) and external scenarios (market-based view) within a mechanism called the future scorecard that can be used to describe alternative ways of internal development in organizations. Methods: By studying existing literature, as well as numerous examples, this research tries to develop the concept of future scorecard. Finding and conclusions: The findings suggest that the external (market-based) and internal (resource-based) approach to building an early strategic warning system should be combined. It also showed that the future scorecard includes performance indicators, change indicators, critical market indicators, and strategy premises Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - The Investigation of Implementation the Strategy Map of Balanced Scorecard in Two Iranian Organizations
M. Alvandi F. Ameli

From 1992,There have been discussions about the problems of implementation of financial indexes forperformance evaluation, Also the measurement of intangible assets and eliminate the gap betweendefinition and implementation of strategy, have interested the managers to c More

From 1992,There have been discussions about the problems of implementation of financial indexes forperformance evaluation, Also the measurement of intangible assets and eliminate the gap betweendefinition and implementation of strategy, have interested the managers to consider the balancedscorecard and strategy map.This article investigates strategy map and its outcomes and challenges in two Iranian organizations.The Case study method and interview tool were selected for this applied research as researchmethodology.The samples in this research are two Iranian organizations that have applied this tool.The results indicate that implementation of strategy map, has helped organizations to empower teamworking and align organizational, informational and human capital with the organization strategies.In spite of some cultural and managerial problems, deploying this model has helped organizationaldevelopment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Task Scheduling Algorithm Using Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) in Cloud Computing
Ghazaal Emadi Amir Masoud Rahmani Hamed Shahhoseini

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Congestion estimation of router input ports in Network-on-Chip for efficient virtual allocation
Midia Reshadi Ali Ramezanzad Akram Reza

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Open Access Article

30 - Strategy design of process model for agility of new product development cycle with world-class production policy in Iran Khodro Company (qualitative approach)
pegah tarmast Aboutorab Alirezaei Gholamreza Hashemzadeh Ashraf Shahmansouri

The purpose of this study was to design and explain the agility new product development cycle model in IKCO.This study, in terms of purpose, functional, in terms of approach, exploration, and in terms of data analysis, is mixed method. During this phase, the snowball sa More

The purpose of this study was to design and explain the agility new product development cycle model in IKCO.This study, in terms of purpose, functional, in terms of approach, exploration, and in terms of data analysis, is mixed method. During this phase, the snowball sampling method was used and the process continued until the theoretical saturation of the researcher was reached and a total of 11 interviews were conducted. In the quantitative phase, all senior, middle and senior executives of IKCO Industrial Group were considered as the statistical population and 210 of them were selected by simple random sampling. In the qualitative phase of the research, because of the fundamental data theory approach, the main tool for data collection was in-depth, unstructured interviews with experts. In the quantitative phase of the research, SPSS and Lisrel softwares were used to perform descriptive and inferential analyzes. Finally, the research results led to the design of a agility new product development cycle model in IKCO (based on the paradigm model structure), and in a large community, hypothetical model relationships were tested and validated. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Providing a Human Resources Strategy Model in Iranian Banks with an Environmental Attention Approach (Case Study: Workers' Welfare Bank)
lilasadat ghasemiram afsaneh zamanimoghadam zainlabedin amini seead abdolla sajadijaghargh seeyad ahmad hashemi

10.30495/ijpa.2022.67256.10883

Background and Aim: Green human resource management seeks to make optimal use of scarce environmental resources and its emphasis is on philosophy, policy and activities that help organizations achieve green goals. The present study aimed to present a green human resourc More

Background and Aim: Green human resource management seeks to make optimal use of scarce environmental resources and its emphasis is on philosophy, policy and activities that help organizations achieve green goals. The present study aimed to present a green human resource management model in the Workers' Welfare Bank.  Method: The present research was conducted by mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) and the research community in the qualitative section consisted of professors, specialists and experts in this field and in the quantitative section, all professors, staff, managers and specialists in the field of human resources strategy. Green. In the qualitative section, which was purposefully selected, 12 professors, specialists and experts were selected, and in the quantitative section, 332 managers and deputies of the Workers' Welfare Bank were selected using the Cochran's formula. Research tools include; Semi-structured interview and researcher-made questionnaire. In the quality part, it has been done by Delphi method and through coding (open, axial and selective) using SPSS 16 and Smart PLS software. Results: The findings showed that, as observed, one of the components that represented the indicators of green human resources strategy in the Workers' Welfare Bank, because none of the components had a factor load of less than 0.3, was removed from the factor analysis process. They were not, and considering that all the remaining items were larger than 0.6, the model is desirable. Conclusion: The results showed that green human resource plans and strategies are increasingly essential for the successful implementation of green strategies and environmental management practices of organizations and in this model Confirmed. In this model, the human resources strategy is approved based on three levels: individual, team and organizational.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Investigating the Impact of HR Strategies on Organizational Agility in Shooshtar Jameh Islamic Azad University (from the Viewpoint of Managers and Professors)
ghanbar amirnejad

Capability and flexibility of human resources plays an important role in the organizational success, in agile organizations that experiences continuous environmental changes. Human resource strategy develops human resource competence for responding the future needs of i More

Capability and flexibility of human resources plays an important role in the organizational success, in agile organizations that experiences continuous environmental changes. Human resource strategy develops human resource competence for responding the future needs of internal and external environment and access the organizational success. Hence, the aim of this research is the effect evaluation of human resource strategies on organizational agility in Islamic Azad University of Shoushtar. The method of present study based on objective is practical and in terms of how data collection descriptive-causal. The study population is consisting of 200 masters and 40 managers that were selected 132 masters and 36 managers as sample with using stratified sampling method and distribute the questionnaire of human resource strategies from model of Armstrang (1994) and Organizational agility questionnaire from Bardvaj and Sambamurti (2005). In order to the hypothesis test, we used structural equation modeling. Data from the questionnaires got analyze with SPSS and LISREL statistical software. The results showed human resources strategy has a significant positive impact on organizational agility and their Components. In addition the components of human resource Strategy have significant positive impact on organizational agility. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Talent Management Strategy and it's Effect on the Employees' Organizational Commitment: (Case Study: Staff of Mazandaran University)
کاوه تیمورنژاد محبوبه علیجانپور

Background and Purpose:Today, developing talent management is one of the major factors of business and a key component of sustainable competitive advantage inorganizations. The present study aimed at identifying the effect of talent management strategy on organizational More

Background and Purpose:Today, developing talent management is one of the major factors of business and a key component of sustainable competitive advantage inorganizations. The present study aimed at identifying the effect of talent management strategy on organizational commitment among employees of Mazandaran University. Methods : The study was a descriptive survey in terms of research methodology and it was an applied research based on its goal.The population consisted of all employees (n= 540) of Mazandaran University with high school diploma or higher, out of whom 225 participants were randomly selected using Cochran's formula. Data were collected using Swim's Talent Management Questionnaire (2009) and Allen and Meyer's Organizational Commitment Inventory (1990)which their validities were calculated through face validity and their reliabilitywas measured through Cronbach's alpha. Findings:The research findings indicated that the talent management strategy had positive effect on organizational commitment In this study, the components of “reward and granting” had the greatest impact on the organizational commitment. Conclusion: By Finding this reseach, it is necessary for managers of any organization to optimally implement talent management strategy in their organization in order to attract, recruit, and develop skilled and talented people leading to increased productivity of their organization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Developing a Compound Pattern for Entrepreneurial Government and Good Governance and Providing Implemention Method in of Islamic Republic of Iran
hadi abolfathi masoud pourkiani mozhgan derakhshan navid fathi rad

Todays, the governments have to design a model to attract and develop human and nonhuman capitals and self-sufficiency in employment and earning money, in addition to identify entrepreneurial government and good governance, to be able in efficient and effective enterpre More

Todays, the governments have to design a model to attract and develop human and nonhuman capitals and self-sufficiency in employment and earning money, in addition to identify entrepreneurial government and good governance, to be able in efficient and effective enterpreneurship. it is necessary to provide the strategies to implement the model designed.accordingly, the aim of this study is to present a hybrid model for entrepreneurial government and good governance and provide implementation strategies in the body of the government of Islamic Republic of Iran. The method of this research is objectively applied and in terms of data, it is an exploratory mixed one, and a self-emerging and data driven in terms of the nature and type of study. The statistical population contains all PhD experts including 30 managers in Islamic Azad University. Measurement tool is a semi-structured interview form based on open and axial encoding sent to the experts. At first, 2 dimensions, 23 components and 145 indicators are held to provide the research pattern and then interviewing with the government experts to collect more data, achieve theoretical saturation. At last, after collecting the data by Content Analysis method, 23 strategies, 11 components and 2 dimension are determined Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - identification and ranking of strategic policy -making components in information technology outsourcing (case study of islamic azad University)
Masuod Samadzadeh Hasan Givarian Mohammad Reza Rabiee Mandjin Gholamreza Hashemzadeh Khorasani

10.30495/ijpa.2022.19956

Purpose: The purpose of the current research is to identify and rank the strategic policy components of information technology outsourcing.Research method: research method according to the purpose, fundamental-applied according to the type of data, mixed (qualitative-qu More

Purpose: The purpose of the current research is to identify and rank the strategic policy components of information technology outsourcing.Research method: research method according to the purpose, fundamental-applied according to the type of data, mixed (qualitative-quantitative) of the exploratory type; According to the time of data collection, it is cross-sectional and according to the method of data collection or the nature and method of the research, it is survey. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research includes professors, managers and senior experts in the field of information technology, as well as professors, managers and senior experts in the field of investment and development of Islamic Azad University. In order to determine the samples of this research and to determine this group of experts, a non-random sampling method was used in the number of 16 people. To collect data, semi-structured interview tools and a researcher-made questionnaire were used. The method of data analysis is the fuzzy Delphi technique based on the theme analysis method.Findings and conclusions: The results of the research showed that strategic policy making has three components: policy analysis and formulation, strategic policy implementation and strategic policy evaluation, and information technology outsourcing also has seven components of information technology system performance, service provision System support, green information technology, information technology application gap, strategic importance, organization and project characteristics, and project supplier characteristics. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - Evaluate brand-based marketing based on competition strategy policies in the management of brand-owned state-owned companies
soheil karimirad Leila andervazh

10.30495/ijpa.2022.66749.10863

Background: Given the competitive environment in the insurance industry, maintaining and developing market share is the result of competitive strategy policies. Therefore, identifying the factors influencing competition strategy policies is considered an important issue More

Background: Given the competitive environment in the insurance industry, maintaining and developing market share is the result of competitive strategy policies. Therefore, identifying the factors influencing competition strategy policies is considered an important issue in strategic brand-based marketing decisions. According to the findings, brandorientation stimulates the development of organizational identity and organizational identity also plays an important role in implementing brand-oriented marketing and improving the strategy of competitive strategy policies. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of brand-based marketing on competition strategy policies with emphasis on the role of organizational identity intervener in Iran Insurance Company. Methods: The research method is descriptive-correlational. The research population includes 400 employees of Iran Insurance Company. The sampling method used was simple random and the sample size was 196 based on Morgan table. It was analyzed in descriptive statistics by SPSS software. SMART-PALS software was used to test the developed hypotheses. Results: Findings obtained from path coefficients and significant coefficients showed that brand-based marketing have a significant and positive effect on competition strategy policies (β = 0.407, t = 4.821). Brand-based marketing has a positive and significant effect on organizational identity (β = 0.828, t = 28.171). It was also concluded that organizational identity has a significant and positive effect on competition strategy policies (β = 0.489, t = 5.817). Another result of the study showed that organizational identity can play a mediating role between the relationship between brand-based marketing and competitive strategy policies. Conclusion: The result of this study indicates that paying attention to brand-oriented marketing equips Iran Insurance Company with capabilities and capabilities that can have many results and consequences for companies such as company growth, profitability, increasing market share and increasing competitiveness.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - The Effect of Innovation Strategy on Performance according to Balanced Scorecard research on Esfahan Electricity Power Distribution Co.
Hossein Sadri MohammadReza Dalvi

Background: the complexity of competition environment and increase in customers’ expectations declares the necessity of  organizations’ performance measurement to be sure about its strategies. One of  the important  management tools for perfor More

Background: the complexity of competition environment and increase in customers’ expectations declares the necessity of  organizations’ performance measurement to be sure about its strategies. One of  the important  management tools for performance measurement and  also strategy execution in companies is balanced scorecard that helps managers to control and refine their key activities. Objective: The goal of this research is evaluation of Innovation strategy effect and its guidelines on performance according to balanced scorecard quadruple dimensions in Esfahan Electricity Power Distribution Company as a main  electricity power distribution company in country. Methods: The nature of this research is descriptive and its method is survey. The research statistical population is 150 people of Esfahan Electricity Power Distribution Company’s managers, chairmen, and experts which were chosen by random sampling method and 100 people were chosen by Cochran's C test as a sample size. The data collection tool is survey which its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s Alpha. Multiple Regression Analysis and SPSS software are used for data analysis. Findings: Research results represents the definite effect of aggressive, defensive, futurity and proactiveness guidelines and also the relative effect of analytic and risky guidelines on performance of Esfahan Electricity Power Distribution Company. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Vol. 2, No. 4, winter 2012 Designing the pattern of organizational legitimacy in order to making pleasure organizational self image tending to successful implementation of organizational strategies in N.I.O.P.D.C
سعید قربان نژاد ملکی جعفر بیک‌زاد یوسف بیگ‌زاده محمد مبینی خدیجه امین‌نژاد

Abstract: Introduction and purpose:   Main purpose of this research is to designing the pattern of organizational legitimacy in order to making pleasure organizational self image tending to   successful implementation of organizational strategies in N.I. More

Abstract: Introduction and purpose:   Main purpose of this research is to designing the pattern of organizational legitimacy in order to making pleasure organizational self image tending to   successful implementation of organizational strategies in N.I.O.P.D.C, Therefore some   goals are be followed as below:   1   ‐ Calculation of current situation of legitimacy in N.I.O.P.D.C 2     ‐ Calculation of current situation of organizational self image in N.I.O.P.D.C 3     ‐ Calculation of current situation of successful implementation of organizational strategies in N.I.O.P.D.C   4     ‐ Definition of effective factors on organizational legitimacy in N.I.O.P.D.C 5     ‐ Prioritizing of effective factors on organizational legitimacy in N.I.O.P.D.C 6     ‐ Rendering the pattern of organizational legitimacy in order to making pleasure organizational self image tending to successful implementation of organizational   strategies in N.I.O.P.D.C   And applicable purpose of this research is to suggesting some advices of pattern   development specially in the case of management switching and changing.     Methodology:   Current research is an application as purpose and it used correlation and descrip   􀆟on methodologies. The sta􀆟s􀆟 cal society of this research involved 540 employees of Iranshahr branch of National Iranian Organization Of Petroleum Distribution Company   of Tehran Province.     Results:   Results of assessment of current situation of legitimacy, self image and successful implementation of strategies have been calculated and then the right pattern of   legitimacy has been rendered in N.I.O.P.D.C   Suggestions:   The weaknesses have been defined and advised to be improved as their specific way as expressed in main article almost completely. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Review Nuclear Diplomacy between Iran and the United States are based on the Game Theory
Seyed Amin Razavi nejad

In this research on this matter with the Iranian regime that endanger the change of the monarchy to the I.R Iran, friendly relations and strategic transformation and the US and Iran have a growing tension and the two to the military threats . The case study to question More

In this research on this matter with the Iranian regime that endanger the change of the monarchy to the I.R Iran, friendly relations and strategic transformation and the US and Iran have a growing tension and the two to the military threats . The case study to question which nuclear challenge in relations between Iran and the United States with the use of how the game theory.went on the assumption that the proposed with regard to the game theory,nuclear challenge in US-Iranian relations with the sum of the game of positive,and can be solved. But evidence,and the findings of this study was to confirm the main hypotheses and came to the conclusion that the challenge of nuclear between Iran and the US with the government's policy on the eleventh a dynamic game,complete with information.then play tree nuclear tension between Iran and the US and plotted the options facing each and every one of them were investigated and went on to find the answer to solving the outcome of the game and the way back into the fine profits as a result of the Nash equilibrium;the suspension of enrichment from Iran and giving security guarantees from the US and lift sanctions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - Relationship between business strategy and knowledge capabilities and banking economic marketing activities
Aliasghar Poorteymoor soheila zarinjoy alvar elaheh naseri

In the current volatile and uncertain environment, banks need to expand their tangible and intangible resources and internal capabilities to respond to environmental changes. Therefore, they can achieve macro and long-term goals if they have a codified strategic plan. I More

In the current volatile and uncertain environment, banks need to expand their tangible and intangible resources and internal capabilities to respond to environmental changes. Therefore, they can achieve macro and long-term goals if they have a codified strategic plan. In this research, the researcher provided a model for explaining business strategy with infrastructure factors and knowledge capabilities on the economic performance of the bank using the data base method. Based on this, the sample of this research is the actors and experts in the field of banking in the country who were selected from among the senior executives of the banking field based in Ilam province. Theoretical sample to be interviewed Based on the theoretical sampling method and using the snowball method, first 6 people were interviewed as the primary target sample and finally 19 people were interviewed until the model reached theoretical saturation. The main findings of the research are presented in two parts: conceptual framework and conceptual model. In this model, in addition to special emphasis on internal factors affecting productivity such as manpower, intellectual capital, as well as the context and structure of technology, Allenver's parameters have been considered, this model increased the efficiency of bank knowledge management and economic performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - Facing and meaning making of Iranian users of virtual networks
mohammad saeed Zokaei simin veisi

With the expansion of virtual networks, the production and reading of texts has undergone fundamental changes so that previous theories are not able to explain all the existing reality. This study uses an ethnographic study of social networks to combine the theory of En More

With the expansion of virtual networks, the production and reading of texts has undergone fundamental changes so that previous theories are not able to explain all the existing reality. This study uses an ethnographic study of social networks to combine the theory of Encoding-Decoding and articulation of Stuart Hall to draw a semantic model of Iranian users in virtual networks. According to the findings, this space has special features such as scattering of thoughts, expanding on issues, simultaneous or alternating presence of strategy and tactics forces, and confiscation and re-confiscation of space. Furthermore, existence of neutral mechanisms, powerfull other dening mechanisms includes traumatizing, putting the same values on all issues, reacting to sanctifying policies, theatricality, and completing news puzzles, and mechanisms related to collective self-creation based on tactical forces including icon-making and the formation of crowds, seek to giving chance to tactical forces and in other words, all the agents who have no power in the official space. The Iranian reading space is also accompany with active / passive, cross-sectional / continuous, and limited, intermediate, and macro activities. Finally, according to the characteristics of space and the mentioned mechanisms, three dimensions, including the collective production and interpretation of texts, ignoring the news and oppositional dialogue, were added to the dimensions of Hall readings, which shows that space empowers all actors to making sense. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Fatemeh Esmaeili, Aliakbar Razmjo, Ebrahim Fathi
Fateme Esmaeeli Aliakbar Razmjoo Ebrahim Fathi

10.30495/mediastudies.2022.65190.1432

Social harms as fresh and open wound are always visible on the body of the country's social system and affect many people. Perhaps the lack of standards and a clear roadmap for news coverage of injuries such as addiction, divorce and marginalization, the severity and di More

Social harms as fresh and open wound are always visible on the body of the country's social system and affect many people. Perhaps the lack of standards and a clear roadmap for news coverage of injuries such as addiction, divorce and marginalization, the severity and direction of injuries are also subject to new destructive factors. The issue of presenting social harm news coverage strategies for IRIB is also important in this regard in order to be able to improve the standards of relevant news coverage. Data was collected through the study of library documents and use of in-depth experts in the field of news. SWOT method was used for analysis .After encoding the data, in a general classification, 12strengths, 45weaknesses, 10 external opportunities and 29 external threats were extracted and placed in the SWOT matrix. After SWOT calculations, the final score showed that the current position of social harm news coverage is at the strategic point of the WT, indicating that national media is facing major environmental threats and its resources are weak; In fact Iran Broadcasting is facing serious weaknesses and critical threats in terms of news coverage, especially in the social field in general and social harms in particular, and it is necessary to adopt defensive strategies to reduce weaknesses and avoid external threats in order to be able to gain audience trust and increase the effectiveness of news in this area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Providing Executive Solutions for Trusting Agents in IR Iran News From the perspective of professors, managers and media reporters
meysam nejati saied saraby peyman bagherpoor

The main purpose of this study is to present executive strategies to the trustees in the Sima news to increase the trust of the audience. To this end, the researchers, while studying the relevant areas, came to a general view of the research topic. Then, in order to ans More

The main purpose of this study is to present executive strategies to the trustees in the Sima news to increase the trust of the audience. To this end, the researchers, while studying the relevant areas, came to a general view of the research topic. Then, in order to answer the main research question, 15 experts in the field of news and media were interviewed in depth. As a result, 8 main trust-building factors were identified and classified into two content-structural and form areas. In terms of content and structure, it can be pointed out that 'speed', 'accuracy', 'accuracy', 'impartiality', 'comprehensiveness', 'attention to customer needs' and 'management and ownership' lead to the extraction of 43 executive strategies. Among the most important are social network monitoring, the use of sociologists in the national media think-tank, self-criticism, paying for truth, reductions in organization reductions, and audience need assessment based on news values. In the field of formulas, there were 12 executive solutions, among which the most important could be the use of provincial network broadcasters intermittently in national news broadcasts, non-imitation, use of creative and innovative forces, openness of creativity and innovation, and freedom of non-verbal communication. Cited. Keywords: Strategy, Trust, Audience, News, Audio, Video Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - Investigating the Impact of Piranshahr City Business Role on City Development Strategy Indicators
محمد رحیم رهنما leili ebrahimi

In response to uncertain future conditions, managerial inefficient and reduction quality of life in cities, since 1999 was proposed a new approach in the literature of planning under title city development s trategy by the Cities Alliance with s trategic natur More

In response to uncertain future conditions, managerial inefficient and reduction quality of life in cities, since 1999 was proposed a new approach in the literature of planning under title city development s trategy by the Cities Alliance with s trategic nature and to help to create of democracy, decision-making and life improvement. City developments trategy (CDS) is an action plan for balanced development in cities. City development s trategy is defined based on the characteris tics of each city and is evaluated and through its output and it should change the current performance and trend toward optimal conditions. Therefore the purpose of this paper is analyzing the city development s trategy indicators andmeasure of the effectiveness rate of city role on them in order to unders tand current trends and performance Piranshahr city in connection with mentioned factors. The required data were collected using ques tionnaires. The s tatis tical population in this s tudy consis ted of three groups: urban managers, citizens and urban elites. In the group of urban managers, experts and people familiar with urban issues, 50 people and in the urban elite group, 50 were selected as samples. In the group of citizens, also according to the population of the city is 69049 people, using the Cochran formula, the sample size determined and 382 citizens selected and participated in completing the ques tionnaires. At firs tby using the relevant theoretical literature, as well as on the empirical s tudies related to the city development s trategy, four dimensions selected for city development s trategy and finally were selected 56 items. To assess of two dimension indicators of livability, 15 items, to assess three dimensions of competitiveness indicator, 11 items and to assess good urban governance indicators with four indicators, 13 items and Also tow dimension of bankability indicators 16 items were selected and respondents were asked to rate Piranshahr city on each of items on a 5-point Likert scale where 1=Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree. Data analysis was done by s tructural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSSand SmartPLS softwares. The reliability of the ques tionnaire is confirmed by using an internal consis tency coefficient of alpha for all variables. Following Verification of the appropriate validity of ques tionnaire by using confirmatory factor analysis, s tructural equation technique with method partial leas t squares was applied to s tudy the relationship between variables. The results of s tructural equations showed that the business role of Piranshahr city has a positive impact on four dimensions of city development s trategy. The Livability with 0.798 s tandard coefficients and the Competitivenesswith 0.325 s tandard coefficients respectively have accepted impact highes t and impact from the role of city. Improving the quality of CDS indicators is effective s tep in order to achieve sus tainable development. The s tudy showed the role that city plays can have a positive impact on city development s trategy indices. Accordingly, attention to the position,city role and the opportunities that have each city, and codification and development of s trategies of appropriate tailored to these the positions and the opportunities can be an effective s tep to further improving these indicators. Manuscript profile

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45 - Clarifying The Indicators of City Development S‌trategy with Approach Urban Good Governance (Case S‌tudy: Mallard City)
Mostafa Khazaee Farzaneh Sasanpour Mohsen Fathi

10.30495/ijaud.2023.22566

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Open Access Article

46 - Urban Public Spaces and Women’s Safety: A Participatory Approach of Saqqez Streets, Iran
Barat Ali Khakpoor Akbar Heydari Shirin Sabaghi

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Open Access Article

47 - Conceptual framework for strategies of progress and success of basketball coaches
Nahid Adibpour Habib Honari Shiva Azadfada

10.30495/jism.2023.73471.1041

Due to the complexity of coaching responsibilities and the wide range of dimensions that this profession entails, it is necessary for individuals interested in this profession to strive for self-improvement, and for sports officials to seek sporting success. This qualit More

Due to the complexity of coaching responsibilities and the wide range of dimensions that this profession entails, it is necessary for individuals interested in this profession to strive for self-improvement, and for sports officials to seek sporting success. This qualitative research used a theoretical data-driven approach. The participants in the study were 28 basketball experts who were purposefully and systematically selected based on theoretical saturation. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview, and for validity and reliability, the test-retest method was used. Open, axial, and selective coding methods were used to analyze the data. To evaluate the research, the validity, transferability, dependability, and confirmability criteria were used. The findings of this study included 182 open codes with a frequency of 424 units, more than 50 sub-categories in axial coding, and in the next stage, 11 codes were statistically analyzed, which were categorized into three main categories: individual strategy concepts, managerial strategy concepts, and cultural and ethical strategy concepts. Based on the results of the study, the dual efforts of coaches and federations lead to the improvement of coaches' performance and their progress in the coaching profession. Therefore, coaches are recommended to use the individual strategies obtained in the research, and sports officials are advised to prioritize the statistically analyzed managerial strategies in their activities and duties. Both parties should work together to promote cultural and ethical strategies to ultimately promote coaching in basketball. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - Developing DEA-TOPSIS Method for Group Decision Making (Case Study: Ranking Blue Ocean Strategy Main Pathways for IRAFA)
Fatemeh Khoshkam Mehdi Abbasi

The purpose of this research is to present a method based on DEA-TOPSIS for ranking the DMUs in group decision making. In the proposed method, after creating an expert team and determining their weights, the DMUs, inputs and outputs are determined and ranked in three st More

The purpose of this research is to present a method based on DEA-TOPSIS for ranking the DMUs in group decision making. In the proposed method, after creating an expert team and determining their weights, the DMUs, inputs and outputs are determined and ranked in three stages. In the first stage, by using Euclidean Distance, the matrix of each expert is normalized and consequently, the DEA models corresponding to each expert are solved. The DMUs are divided into two groups, the first group consists of DMUs where at least one experts’ opinion is inefficient and the second group consists of DMUs where the views of all experts are efficient. In the second stage, the rank of the DMUs of the first group is determined by calculating the weighted arithmetic average. In the third stage, the rank of the DMUs of the second group is determined using the TOPSIS method for each expert, consequently, the final rank of the DMUs is calculated using the Weighted Borda Scoring Method. Then the proposed approach was implemented to rank the six-paths of the Blue Ocean Strategy of the IRAFA industry and management group. The IRAFA team of experts, consisting of seven senior experts, was formed, and their weights were determined. It was also found that six paths to restructure the Blue Ocean Strategy (DMUs) are effective on IRAFA Value Innovation, and the DEA model has four outputs (utility, price, cost, and acceptance). The results of solving the DEA model of each expert showed that there are four paths in the first group and two paths in the second group. Applying the Weighted Borda Scoring Method to rank the DMUs of the second group shows that creating a functional-emotional orientation for the organization's customers is the top priority of IRAFA Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Investigating the Effectiveness of Brain-compatible Teaching model with Mathematics Reading Comprehension Strategy (SQRQCQ) on Correcting Students’ Computational Errors in Solving Verbal Problems
مریم السادات وزیری هامانه فرهاد حسین زاده لطفی علی ایرانمنش مهدی آژینی احمد شاهورانی

10.30495/jnrm.2022.64320.2183

This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of brain-compatible teaching model with mathematics reading comprehension strategy on correcting third grade students’ computational errors in solving verbal problems. In this study, quasi-experimental research m More

This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of brain-compatible teaching model with mathematics reading comprehension strategy on correcting third grade students’ computational errors in solving verbal problems. In this study, quasi-experimental research method was used. A verbal question test was used as the research instrument in the study. The sample included 65 third grade female students from non-public schools that were assigned into two groups of control and experimental. The results obtained from Wilcoxon test indicated that the brain-compatible teaching model with mathematics reading comprehension strategy was effective on the third grade students’ correction of computational errors in solving verbal problems. Therefore, it can be concluded that considering and using the brain-compatible learning activities can enhance students’ educational success and motivate them to learn Mathematics. This was abstrac of this article whit Investigating the Effectiveness of Brain-compatible Teaching model with Mathematics Reading Comprehension Strategy (SQRQCQ) on Correcting Students’ Computational Errors in Solving Verbal Problems title. Manuscript profile

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50 - Efficiency Evaluation by using mixed modeling of Data Envelopment Analysis and Balanced Scorecard- A Case Study in the banking industry
M. Fallah Jelodar

The first objective in any financial organization is to improve performance, and performance evaluation also is one of the best ways to advance operations in organizations. By utilizing different methods of performance evaluation, organizations can evaluate the effectiv More

The first objective in any financial organization is to improve performance, and performance evaluation also is one of the best ways to advance operations in organizations. By utilizing different methods of performance evaluation, organizations can evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of processes that are in accord with strategic objectives. In addition, the performance evaluation instruments can help organizations with resource allocation and appropriate distribution of these resources. So far, many performance evaluation methods have been introduced which among them, traditional approaches only focus on the financial aspects and do not concern the non-financial. This article primarily concerns the linking of strategy maps and performance indicators that provides a structure of performance evaluation for the Saderat Bank of Tehran; and in the next step evaluates efficiency of bank branches by using Data Envelopment Analysis method. Manuscript profile

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51 - Domestic and foreign policies from the perspective of Turkey's AKP
Hamid Ahmadi Fatemeh Hatamabadi Farahani

This article examines the impact of the Islamist justice and development party in turkey's domestic and foreign policy and promote the dignity of the party's strategic turkey in the Middle East, to promote turkey's position as a member of NATO and the EU closer to the g More

This article examines the impact of the Islamist justice and development party in turkey's domestic and foreign policy and promote the dignity of the party's strategic turkey in the Middle East, to promote turkey's position as a member of NATO and the EU closer to the gates of Europe, the deals. Changes in turkey since 2002 and the Islamist justice and development party to power started and won by the party will continue as president. However, interpret the "Second Republic" to describe the modified Turkish Islamist AKP party is properly interpreted. Turkey under the AKP rule witnessed a serious change in the regional policy of this country. The Turkish government, before the justice and development party eyes were pinned to the north to be leniency of the Europe union countries to be turkey and the economic benefits of joining the Europe union will benefit. Justice and development party, especially the second half of the nineties changed their strategy and his eyes towards the south and surrounding areas and the strategic environment and tailor their civilization. Manuscript profile

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52 - The U.S.A Strategy about Energy
Abolghasem Taheri

The U.S. energy Policy, independence reduction, diversification and utilizing new energies areamong the U.S. measures to reinforce its presence in oil-bearing regions.

The U.S. energy Policy, independence reduction, diversification and utilizing new energies areamong the U.S. measures to reinforce its presence in oil-bearing regions. Manuscript profile

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53 - Investigate possibility of applying Contrarian strategy for short-term investment
زهرا جعفرزاده مجید زنجیردار مهدی کریمی تبریزی

Two investment , s guideline in stock markets by investment ,s managers utilized areMomentum Strategy and Contrarian strategy. Contrarian strategy recommend that theshares which were good function in past ,should be selling and the shares which werepoor function in past More

Two investment , s guideline in stock markets by investment ,s managers utilized areMomentum Strategy and Contrarian strategy. Contrarian strategy recommend that theshares which were good function in past ,should be selling and the shares which werepoor function in past ,should be buying .this research designed based on this believewhich capital market in proportion to new information shows excessive reaction and todetermine prices of succeed shares more than real prices , and to determine prices ofsucceed shares less than real prices .therefore in future time which market will find out tothe mistake in pricing return output have existence about this share .this researchInvestigate possibility of increase of output of short-term investment and earn unusualoutput by utilization Contrarian strategy in Iran ,s capital market.Community statistics of this research formation five industry of stock market whichduring the years (1385-1389) have been studied. Analysis data with t-students Test doneit . the result of this research shows which average of loser Portfolio in one year cycle orless ,no statistically significant difference and more than Winner Portfolio . In factpossibility of increase of output of short-term investment in Iran , s capital market capitalby applying of Contrarian strategy does not exist. Manuscript profile

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54 - Investigation the Impact of Business Strategy, Overvalued Equity on Stock Price Crash Risk
A. Heidarzadeh Hanzaee Gh. Hosseinzadeh Zorofchi

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of business strategy and overvalued equity on stock price crash risk. Business strategy Following Bentley et al. (2014) research, the stock price crash risk has been measured following Houghton et al. (2014) and overval More

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of business strategy and overvalued equity on stock price crash risk. Business strategy Following Bentley et al. (2014) research, the stock price crash risk has been measured following Houghton et al. (2014) and overvalued equity, following the model of Foods et al. (2005). Business strategy and overvalued as independent variables, the stock price crash risk as a dependent variable and firm size, company's age, financial leverage, market value to book value and return on assets as control variables. A total of 211 companies listed in the Tehran Securities Exchange have been selected in the Tehran Securities Exchange during the period of six years from 2012 to 2017 according to the society's screening conditions and 1266 company-year observations are included in the statistical analyzes. The research hypotheses have been tested using multivariate regression analysis using Panel data with fix effects. The results of the research show that business strategy and overvalued equity have a significant and positive effect on the crash risk. In fact, stocks of companies with a Prospector strategy are more exposed to the stock price crash risk compared to Defender Strategy companies. If firm size, company's age, financial leverage have a significant effect on the Stock Price Crash Risk, but the market value to book value and return on assets does not have a significant effect on the stock price crash risk. Manuscript profile

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55 - The survey of relative influence of business strategies on the relationship between financial leverage and performance
سمیرا هنربخش حمید بیرجندی مسعود بیرجندی

This study empirically investigates the effects of business strategies on therelationship between financial leverage and the performance of firms.The research data is collected from 45 firms in the Tehran Security Exchange(TSE) during 1381-1387, using by Rahavard softwa More

This study empirically investigates the effects of business strategies on therelationship between financial leverage and the performance of firms.The research data is collected from 45 firms in the Tehran Security Exchange(TSE) during 1381-1387, using by Rahavard software and TSE site. The statisticaltechnique used for examining the assumption is regression coefficients. For testing ofthe assumptions, firms divided to 2 sections: firms with cost leadership strategy andfirms with product differentiation strategy. The results indicate that in the 2 typesfirms, there is positive relationship between leverage with performance.The results also suggest that in the firms with cost leadership strategy, dividendpay out have positive relationship with performance and in the firms with productdifferentiation strategy, there is positive relationship between firm’s size withperformance, but relation between dividend pay out with performance is negative. Manuscript profile

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56 - Developing a Stock Technical Trading System Integrating MLP Neural Network with Evolutionary Algorithms
Alireza Saranj Ahmadreza Ghasemi Asghar Eram Reza Tehrani

Stock trading systems development using evolutionary algorithms over the past few years has become a hot topic in financial fields. In this paper, an intelligent technical trading system was proposed using a combination of MLP neural network and evolutionary algorithms More

Stock trading systems development using evolutionary algorithms over the past few years has become a hot topic in financial fields. In this paper, an intelligent technical trading system was proposed using a combination of MLP neural network and evolutionary algorithms (i.e., GA, ACOR, and PSO). In order to select the final variables as the selected features, a return comparison of each indicator ratings was used based on tradings. Finally, the performance of each model is tested in comparison with the buy and hold strategy. The results show that the evolutionary learning algorithms significantly outperform the benchmark models in terms of the average return and the hybrid MLP_PSO model outperforms others. Manuscript profile

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57 - The Study Of The beneficially Contrarian Investment Strategy To Gain The Return And Analyze Sensitivity Of Financial Indicators By Using Tukey Test In Tehran Stock Exchange
محمود معین الدین شهناز نایب زاده رسول زارع مهرجردی علی فاضل یزدی

In capital markets and behavioral finance literature, according to the different reactionof investors and in order to increase the return of capital and earn returns in excess of theexpected return, different investment strategies are presented. Contrarian InvestmentStr More

In capital markets and behavioral finance literature, according to the different reactionof investors and in order to increase the return of capital and earn returns in excess of theexpected return, different investment strategies are presented. Contrarian InvestmentStrategy is one of these strategies, this strategy is based on the hypothesis of investor'soverreaction. However, knowing how to use contrarian investment strategy can helpinvestors to choose the appropriate stock in order to achieve maximum return. Thisresearch examines gain return by using contrarian investment strategy and analyzesSensitivity of Financial indicators in Tehran Stock Exchange. In order to conductresearch, first the period of research was divided into 16 establishment and test periodsand in establishment period, based on 11 research variables (Sale, Operating profit,Operating Cash Flow, Stock returns, the ratio of Sales to assets ratio, the ratio ofoperating profit to investment, the ratio of operating cash flow to investment, Return onassets, Return on equity, Earnings per share and The ratio of net profit to sales), thecompanies divided to two portfolio winners and losers, and then in test period, the winnerand loser portfolio return was calculated and compared. The results of researchhypotheses Show that by using Contrarian Investment Strategy, additional return can begained in Tehran Stock Exchange and also investors in each different period ofestablishment and test, show overreaction towards certain variables. Manuscript profile

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58 - Designing Trading Strategies Based on Momentum & Reversal Effect, Using Stock’s Major Historical Highs and Lows
Gholamhosein Assadi S. Amirhosein Emami

Investors and traders in financial markets, use fundamental analysis, technical analysis or their combination to achieve abnormal returns and beat the market. In recent decades, although numerous researches are done to assess the usefulness of technical analysis methods More

Investors and traders in financial markets, use fundamental analysis, technical analysis or their combination to achieve abnormal returns and beat the market. In recent decades, although numerous researches are done to assess the usefulness of technical analysis methods, a large number of techniques that are more subjective and abstract and hard to quantify, are left out.In this research, based on previous studies that have shown momentum effect in stock returns in the short-term and reversal effect in stock returns in the long-term, and by using stock’s major historical highs and lows, that are systematically and directly identified through price charts, three trading strategies are developed and designed and after being implemented in 226 stocks in the Tehran stock exchange over the six year period of 1390 to 1395, results indicates that the returns of all three designed trading strategies, in gerenal, are considerably higher than buy and hold strategy. Manuscript profile

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59 - Investigate the relation of financial Distress, life cycle and restructuring Strategies of crisis companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
Abdollah Amiri Parviz Saeidi Farshid Pourshahabi Hossein Ali Bahramzadeh

Today, corporate restructuring strategies are presented as a solution by chief executives officer and in order to exit the company from the crisis. In this regard, it is necessary to examine the impact of implementing these strategies is highlighted. The purpose of this More

Today, corporate restructuring strategies are presented as a solution by chief executives officer and in order to exit the company from the crisis. In this regard, it is necessary to examine the impact of implementing these strategies is highlighted. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of implementation restructuring strategies in different stages of crisis life cycle companies. For this purpose, we used Z-score Toffler to select crisis companies. 406 years - Company were selected as samples. it was used to determine the stages of the company's life cycle from Dickinson's cash flow model. The Logit regression model was used to test the hypotheses. The results of the paper suggest that Toobin's Q variable only has a significant and negative relationship with the asset restructuring strategy, the total assets variable negatively correlated with the restructuring of management and financial restructuring and with the asset restructuring strategy. Financial leverage variables and institutional shareholders only have a meaningful and negative relationship with the financial restructuring strategy. The cash flow variable only has a positive and meaningful relation with the financial restructuring strategy. There was no relation between the firm's asset return variable and all three restructuring strategies. The growth stage companies use less than the asset - restructuring plan. Birth phases are less likely to be used than restructuring management structures than in other stages. In addition, the decline stage is used as compared to other stages of financial restructuring. Manuscript profile

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60 - Introduction a conceptual model of the effective factors of contrarian trading strategy in the formation of a profitable portfolio using the Grounded theory
Ebrahim Qashqai Allah Karam Salehi Ali Mahmoodirad

10.30495/jfksa.2023.23080

Creating a profitable investment portfolio is an important issue for market investors. Contrary to the efficient market hypothesis, excess returns are likely to be achieved if the investment strategy is chosen appropriately. The main purpose of this study is to provide More

Creating a profitable investment portfolio is an important issue for market investors. Contrary to the efficient market hypothesis, excess returns are likely to be achieved if the investment strategy is chosen appropriately. The main purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual model of the effective factors of contrarian trading strategy in the formation of a profitable portfolio using the Grounded theory in the Iran capital market. Data collected through interviews with 12 university experts who selected by theoretical sampling method using snowball technique. The results using the Grounded theory suggest that the investors characteristics of the causal type, macroeconomic factors, capital market factors, corporate factors and managerial factors of the intervening type, market constraints and regulatory processes of the contextual type, published news and financial statement features of the strategy type and stock returns and market performance criteria of the consequence type that are effective in forming a profitable portfolio in the stock market. Manuscript profile

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61 - Designing native decision-making model for selecting venture capital in emerging companies: A mixed study
Mohammad Reza Radfar Gholamreza Zomorodian

10.30495/jfksa.2022.21087

Present study aims to design and explain the decision-making native model for selecting venture capital investment in emerging companies. In this regard, in order to achieve this goal, based on the qualitative approach of the theme analysis, the qualitative data was con More

Present study aims to design and explain the decision-making native model for selecting venture capital investment in emerging companies. In this regard, in order to achieve this goal, based on the qualitative approach of the theme analysis, the qualitative data was conducted through interviewing experts and venture capital companies, and then the decision-making native model for selecting venture capital investment in emerging companies is designed. Subsequently, in a quantitative approach, a questionnaire was developed and completed by managers of venture capital companies. To analyze the data of the questionnaire, a confirmatory factor analysis was used. The results indicate that all themes introduced in this study include: financial features, product or service, features of market and industry, risk type, entrepreneurial experience, intellectual property rights, personal competence of entrepreneur, marketing capabilities, exit strategy, participation, responsibility and social effect, rules and regulations, innovation, personality traits of entrepreneur, investment horizon, entrepreneur’s character and information asymmetry are effective for selecting venture capital in emerging companies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

62 - Investigating the Role of Investor Types in the Formation of Behavioral Bubbles in Tehran Stock Exchange Using Vector Autoregressive Model
Mohammadreza Mehrbanpour Bahareh Ezabadi Shahab Jafakesh Kanafgurabi

Behavioral bubble models generally assume that individual investors as uninformed and irrational participants are trend chasers who can generate the bubble. On the contrary, institutional investors as informed group behave against the trend adopting a contrarian strateg More

Behavioral bubble models generally assume that individual investors as uninformed and irrational participants are trend chasers who can generate the bubble. On the contrary, institutional investors as informed group behave against the trend adopting a contrarian strategy. In order to test the above mentioned assumption, the present study considers behavioral models of the two groups of individual and institutional investors of 202 non-financial corporations in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years of 1391 to 1394 using a Vector Auto-regressive model on a daily basis. The results confirm the assumption which mentioned that Individual investors are the agent of bubbles and institutional investors adopt contrarian strategy and trade against the trend. However, investigation of trades during the uptrend and downtrend of Tehran Stock Exchange suggests the stability of the behavioral pattern of both groups, so that the individual investors often underlie the bubble formation in the stock of small sized corporations. Manuscript profile

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63 - Performance Persistence of Mutual Funds in Iran: Momentum Strategy Approach
Raziyeh Keyvan M. Hassan Janani H. Reza Vakilifard

One of the most important investment options in Iran is the Mutual Fund. In order to select a number of successful mutual funds, their performance in specific period of time should be appraised. In this regard, a number of measures are used for evaluating their performa More

One of the most important investment options in Iran is the Mutual Fund. In order to select a number of successful mutual funds, their performance in specific period of time should be appraised. In this regard, a number of measures are used for evaluating their performance, including the moderns and post moderns methods. In this work, the persistence in mutual funds’ performance is surveyed using momentum strategy (i.e. post modern strategy). The studied sample included 35 mutual funds in the period of 1390to1395 (Persian calendar). The yield of each mutual fund is calculated and compared in pairs for different time periods (e.g. 3, 6, 9 and 12 months). Afterward, the obtained yield values analyzed using the correlation and regression techniques. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that based on the momentum strategy, for the time periods of 3, 6 and 9 months, persisted performance could be observed for all investigated mutual funds. However, for the time period of 12 month such persistence couldn’t be observed. Consequently, it can be concluded that the momentum technique Can not be used for studying the persistence of mutual funds in a 12 months fiscal year. Manuscript profile

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64 - Performance examination of trading strategy based on Stochastic Dominance
Maryam Davallou Shayan Meskinimood

The aim of this research is to examine the performance of a trading strategy based on stochastic dominance in Iran’s stock market. To achieve this purpose, we used a sample including the daily returns of the stocks listed on Tehran stock exchange, between 2001 and More

The aim of this research is to examine the performance of a trading strategy based on stochastic dominance in Iran’s stock market. To achieve this purpose, we used a sample including the daily returns of the stocks listed on Tehran stock exchange, between 2001 and 2015, and exploited the portfolio study approach. In this way, for each month portfolios are constructed based on second and third degree stochastic dominance, by buying the dominance stocks and selling the dominated ones. Then the performance of this trading strategy is tested with the respect to the obtained alphas from an extended five-factor model. The results show that the arbitrage portfolios based on stochastic dominance produce positive, statistically significant, excess returns. In addition, these returns are robust even after being adjusted to risk premiums (Market, Size, Value, Liquidity and Momentum premiums). Consequently, the results support the fact that the stochastic dominance factor is engaged in pricing of the Tehran stock exchange. Moreover, it is crucial to notice that the potential price distortions related to infrequent trading have an enormous impact on the results of the study. Manuscript profile

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65 - investor's utility in portfolio rebalancing strategies
Alireza Validi M. Ebrahim Aghababaei

Choosing an appropriate strategy for portfolio rebalancing is a crucial matter in today's financial markets with logarithmic and high frequency transactions. In log-optimal approach named also active strategy, portfolio rebalancing is a continuous time process and the o More

Choosing an appropriate strategy for portfolio rebalancing is a crucial matter in today's financial markets with logarithmic and high frequency transactions. In log-optimal approach named also active strategy, portfolio rebalancing is a continuous time process and the optimality of such strategy is assured only for very long-term investment horizons. But continuous-time rebalancing is impractical and portfolios have finite horizon usually. In this article we will introduce another strategy with less rebalancing frequency to attain log-optimal utility at least, because of costly and infeasibility of continuous rebalancing for investors. Then we will implement these strategies on a portfolio consist of several Tehran exchange stocks. The results showed that «Hybrid Rebalancing Strategy» offers more utility for investors in comparison to other strategies. Manuscript profile

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66 - Study of Power Relation in the “The Salesman”: Analysis of the Studied Subjects’ Actions (Cognition of Strategies and Techniques)
Elham Tavakoli Mehrdad Navabakhsh Mansour Haghighatian

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67 - The Impact of Agility on the Probability of Bankruptcy
Vahid Bekhradi nasab

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68 - Strategic Management Model in Times of Chaos at Government Hospitals
Mahnaz Mirseyedi narges Delafrooz

Introduction: Strategic management in organizations leads to greater understanding and commitment among managers and employees. This study aims to identify Effective factors on chaos strategic management and develop an appropriate model in public hospitals of Gilan prov More

Introduction: Strategic management in organizations leads to greater understanding and commitment among managers and employees. This study aims to identify Effective factors on chaos strategic management and develop an appropriate model in public hospitals of Gilan province. Methods: In this study, a descriptive and co-relational design was used. The researcher obtained the data for the study from a sample of the 50 Management experts and hospital managers' who were selected by targeted sampling and 55 managers and experts who were selected by random sampling. The instruments used in this study were chaos questionnaire that developed by researcher and questionnaire of Effective factors on chaos strategic management. Results: The examination of status of components of chaos showed that an average of all the components (an except the strange sights) was higher than the average of 3 and was desirable. As a result, exploratory factor analysis showed that, effective five factors on strategic management are organizational strategy, organizational structure, organizational culture, organizational technology and leadership style. Also, multiple regression analysis showed that five factors have explained 78% of chaos strategic management changes in hospitals and had a significant effect on it (f (5, 44) =13.82, p<0.001). Leadership was the only factor that had a significant effect on strategic chaos management (Β=0.75, t=7.92, p<0.001). Conclusion: It is essential that, hospital managersimplement model of strategic management at the time of chaos in the hospitals, due to the impact of leadership style on chaos strategic management. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

69 - Content Strategies in Social Media: Health-Oriented Brand Communities in Iran
kianoush nazari ameleh pejman jafari farhad ghaffari

Introduction: The rapid growth of social media has created many opportunities for health professionals to undertake a large part of their marketing activities in this area. The main objective of the current study is to fully understand the main factors of the content st More

Introduction: The rapid growth of social media has created many opportunities for health professionals to undertake a large part of their marketing activities in this area. The main objective of the current study is to fully understand the main factors of the content strategy in Instagram social media health clinics to increase the engagement of brand community members. Methods: The present study was done in two stages. In the first stage, through the investigation of previous studies and deep interview with 8 native experts the model has been designed. Second stage, relations between the variables of the model were investigated. In the method, a multiple case study, 1572 posts of Instagram, 8 health clinics, were coded and analyzed using a netnography method during a year. Results: At 95% confidence level there was a significant relationship between the content type (p<0.001( and hashtag (p<0.000( with the customer engagement variables and between the content agility (p<0.001( with the customer engagement (except of save post and discovery percentage), and between the content day (p<0.001( with the customer engagement variables  (except of discovery percentage and impression), and relationship between content context (p<0.001( with customer engagement (except of profile visit and discovery percentage) and tone of voice (p<0.002(  with customer engagement (with the exception of likes, discovery percentage and new folowers). Conclusion: The resulting factors help the health clinics to optimize the content of their brand community, which can increase the number of members of a brand community and engage them with content.   Manuscript profile

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70 - Modeling people's Empowerment Strategies in the Health Insurance System Based on Z-Number Cognitive Mapping Method
Mostafa Izadi Rassoul Noorossana Hamidreza Izadbakhsh

Introduction: The efficiency and effectiveness of health systems and the amount of health insurance coverage are considered as one of the main components in the development of countries. Empowerment of people in the health system has been introduced as one of the effect More

Introduction: The efficiency and effectiveness of health systems and the amount of health insurance coverage are considered as one of the main components in the development of countries. Empowerment of people in the health system has been introduced as one of the effective and efficient solutions by the World Health Organization. The purpose of this study is to model effective strategies for empowering people in the health insurance system of Iran. Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method and is a qualitative research in terms of tools. In this study, using the tacit knowledge of experts and the method of content analysis, the causal relationships between strategies affecting the empowerment of individuals / insured in the health insurance system were identified. Due to the ambiguity and uncertainty in the statements of experts, the developed method of cognitive numbering has been used for modeling. Result: Based on the indicators of effectiveness, impressiveness and centrality, effective strategies on empowerment of individuals in the health system were evaluated. Local organization capacity strategy with a score of 2.62 with the highest impact index, rights protection strategy with a score of 2.67 with the highest impact index and participation strategy with a score of 4.91 with the highest centrality index. FCMapper and Pajek software were used to draw and determine the amount of indicators. Conclusion: Implementation of empowerment approach in health insurance organization of Iran has different dimensions among effective strategies that modeling causal relationships between them can play an effective role in proper implementation of this approach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

71 - Determining Coping Strategies with Health Tourism Supply Chain Risks (Case study: Ayatollah Yasrebi Hospital, Kashan)
Elham Mohammadipour esmaeil MazrouiNasrabadi

10.30495/jhm.2022.63027.10983

Introduction: Today, in dynamic environments, the risks in the supply chain increase. Companies have realized that risk in the supply chain can have a negative impact on the performance and productivity of the organization; therefore, it is essential to identify risk ma More

Introduction: Today, in dynamic environments, the risks in the supply chain increase. Companies have realized that risk in the supply chain can have a negative impact on the performance and productivity of the organization; therefore, it is essential to identify risk management strategies. This is also true in the health tourism supply chain; therefore, the main purpose of this study is to identify the risks of the health tourism supply chain and to determine the strategies to deal with the identified risks.Methods: In the first phase, the risks of health tourism supply chain were identified through interviews with experts of Ayatollah Yathribi Hospital in Kashan, and in the second phase, a panel of experts was formed and strategies to deal with identified risks were determined.Results: The results of interviews with experts led to the identification of 75 risks in the form of 5 general categories of supply, internal, demand, supply chain management and external risks, which were finally identified through the formation of a panel of experts for each risk coping strategies.Conclusion: This study has presented a new approach to health tourism supply chain risks. Thus, most of the identified risks are related to the category of internal risks. Therefore, paying attention to the causes of risk can prevent their occurrence. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

72 - A Comparative Study of the Policies and Strategies of the Assistance of Treatment of the Social Security Organization of Iran and Selected Countries
Mansureh Dini سید جمال‌الدین طبیبی leila riahi کامران حاجی نبی

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to compare the policies and strategies of the Social Security Organization as the second provider of social insurance and treatment in Iran with 5 other countries. Methodos: This research is a comparative study with a qualitat More

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to compare the policies and strategies of the Social Security Organization as the second provider of social insurance and treatment in Iran with 5 other countries. Methodos: This research is a comparative study with a qualitative approach that was conducted in 1401, the sampling was purposeful and the five countries of Japan, Costa Rica, Egypt, Greece and Mexico in the components of policies and strategies, including treatment management and administration, social components, provision Financial and insurance, legal, policy making and strategic plan were compared with Iran. In this study, an authentic database was used and the data were analyzed using the comparative education model in the four stages of description, interpretation, juxtaposition and comparison, and compared in the form of a comparative table. Results: The results indicate the impact of the components of health and treatment management, financing and insurance, social, legal, policy making and strategic plan on the policies and strategies of the treatment deputy of the Social Security Organization; The social component with an average of 92.8% had the highest frequency observed among the accepted documents and the strategic plan component had the lowest frequency observed among the accepted documents with an average of 65.5%. Conclusion: Paying attention to the growing elderly population, paying attention to the financial stability of the social security organization, the correct implementation of the insurance and medical policies and the correct and scientific formulation of the strategic plan can lead to an improvement in the provision of medical services and an improvement in the management of expenses and resources of the organization. ; Therefore, it is necessary to review and modify the policies and strategies of the deputy of social security treatment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

73 - A Comparative Study of Two Technical Analysis Tools: Moving Average Convergence and Divergence V/S Relative Strength Index: A Case Study of HDFC Bank ltd listed in National Stock Exchange of India (NSE)
M. Hashemi Tilehnouei B. Shivaraj

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

74 - Study World Environmentally Friendly Business Strategies on Export Performance Green
Maryam Ghiasabadi Farahani Peyman Ghafari Ashtiyani

This study seeks to examine the current knowledge of the greenhouse gas business strategy on the export performance of green products through a structural model. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with a reliability of 0.88. Using SPSS software& More

This study seeks to examine the current knowledge of the greenhouse gas business strategy on the export performance of green products through a structural model. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with a reliability of 0.88. Using SPSS software’s and Smart PLS software, the results showed that the variables (physical resources related to green exports, financial resources Related to green exports and green corporate culture) with environmentally sustainable strategies, the negative impact of green management sensitivity on environmentally sustainable strategies, the positive impact of green competitive advantage on green export performance as well as the positive impact of green competitive advantage and consistent strategies The environment has a green export function. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

75 - The effect of new product development and international marketing strategies on export performance (Case study: Manufacturing and Export Companies of West Azarbaijan Province)
reza rezaee mehdi safarkhani abbas imani Mohsen khalilzade

International marketing in the past years great importance to firms and organizations and even governments around the world has found. Recently, entry into foreign markets has played an important role in economic development. The purpose of this study is to investigate More

International marketing in the past years great importance to firms and organizations and even governments around the world has found. Recently, entry into foreign markets has played an important role in economic development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of new product development and international marketing strategies on export performance. This research in terms of purpose is functional and in terms of research is descriptive survey. Statistical society includes manufacturing and export companies of West Azarbaijan and statistical samples 55 companies are manufacturing and export firms of Urmiy. The data were collected in the second half of the 93-94 by the use of census and interview methods. For collecting data, the library and filed methods, also package-response questionnaire and Likert multilevel scale were used, to calculate the reliability of the questionnaire the Cronbach alpha, comprehensive analysis, Kolomogrov -smimov test, regression,SPSS 21 and Smart PLS were used. The results show that product development and international marketing strategy have significant impact on export performance. The secondary hypothesis suggests new product development and international marketing strategy have significant effect on export performance. But international marketing strategy on new product development had no significant effect. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

76 - The Impact of external marketing capabilities and the mental involvement of customers on the company's performance with the mediating role of product innovation and flexible strategy
Mostafa Hosseinzadeh shadan vahabzade hormoz mehrani

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of external marketing capabilities and mental involvement of customers on the company's performance with the mediating role of product innovation and flexible strategy. Statistical population consists of 95 managers More

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of external marketing capabilities and mental involvement of customers on the company's performance with the mediating role of product innovation and flexible strategy. Statistical population consists of 95 managers of Iran Khodro Company. The sample size is 76person according to the Corsican and Morgan table, and a simple random sampling method was used to sample the statistical population. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaires and content validity was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire. In order to analyze data at the level of descriptive statistics, indicators such as frequency and percentage and drawing of tables and graphs, and at the level of inferential statistics, structural equations modelling have been used. The results of the research indicate that the capability of customers' mental involvement to product innovation and company performance, product innovation and flexible strategy affect company performance as well as external marketing capability on company strategy and company performance. Therefore Product innovation has also played a mediating role between the impact of customers' mental involvement on the company's performance and the flexible strategy has played a mediating role in influencing external marketing on the company's performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

77 - The Effect of Applying Customer Knowledge on Innovation and New Product Efficiency (Case Study: Samasamaneh Software Company)
faranak khodayari بهزاد kh

10.30495/jomm.2022.64206.1882

In this paper, we have studied the impact of utilizing the customer knowledge on the innovation and new products’ performance in Sama Samaneh Software Co. Theoretical foundations and similar researches’ literature was reviewed to design a research model. Thr More

In this paper, we have studied the impact of utilizing the customer knowledge on the innovation and new products’ performance in Sama Samaneh Software Co. Theoretical foundations and similar researches’ literature was reviewed to design a research model. Three types of customer engagement are identified (customer as the information source, customer as the innovative colleague, and customer as innovative) and their correlation with other variables are proposed as the main hypotheses. Ninety Sama Samaneh holding employees and managers were randomly chosen for the descriptive survey method. A questionnaire consisting of seven-level Likert scale closed questions was designed to measure the main variables. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was measured as very good, and the data was analyzed using SPSS and PLS software. The results show that the proposed model can predict the performance of new products in 80% of the cases. They also show that the nature of customer’s knowledge impacts their type of engagement in developing new products, and the performance of new product development relies on customer’s engagement type.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

78 - Social Responsibility and Investment Efficiency: The Moderating Role of the Type of Business Strategy of the Company (Case Study: Companies Listed On the Tehran Stock Exchange)
dariush tahmasebi aghbelaghi maisam faraji amir cheraghi

10.30495/jomm.2022.68885.1965

Introduction: Today, one of the effective factors for sustainable economic growth and development is efficient investment that can create value for shareholders. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between social responsibility and investment More

Introduction: Today, one of the effective factors for sustainable economic growth and development is efficient investment that can create value for shareholders. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between social responsibility and investment efficiency. Methods: To test the research hypotheses, a multiple linear regression model based on panel data has been used. Results: The results of a survey of 140 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2013 to 2021 indicate that there is a negative and significant relationship between disclosure of corporate social responsibility information and investment efficiency, and in the years when disclosure of corporate social responsibility information is more The level of investment efficiency has been lower. Conclusion: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between aggressive strategy and over-investment and in the years that the company has chosen an offensive strategy, there has been more investment in the company. There is also a positive and significant relationship between defensive strategy and low investment, and in the years that the company has chosen a defensive strategy, there has been less investment in the company. The results also showed that corporate social responsibility has a negative and significant effect on the relationship between aggressive strategy and over-investment and in years when the disclosure of corporate social responsibility information has been more, the impact of aggressive strategy on over-investment is weak. In addition, corporate social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on the relationship between defensive strategy and over-investment, and in years when the disclosure of corporate social responsibility information has been more, the effect of defensive strategy on over-investment is strengthened. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

79 - Developing a digital marketing strategy model for Iranian successful startups based on the Grounded Theory
Sepideh Moradi ziba Javad Abbasi Reza Radfar Mohammad Ali Abdolvand

10.30495/jomm.2023.74537.2072

The aim of the present research is to compile digital marketing strategies model in Iranian successful startups. The research method is qualitative. Using the grounded theory approach, the codes were identified and subsequently, the axial and selective codes of the rese More

The aim of the present research is to compile digital marketing strategies model in Iranian successful startups. The research method is qualitative. Using the grounded theory approach, the codes were identified and subsequently, the axial and selective codes of the research concept were classified. Thirteen interviews with the university experts and CEOs of the startups were done using Judgmental Sampling and Snowball Sampling methods. The research data were collected and the theoretical saturation process started with interview 11. The research findings identified 241 initial codes, 46 axial codes, and 14 selective codes. The selective codes included network capability, use of artificial intelligence, marketing capability, customer knowledge, field of activity organizational, cultural, and structural, ability, value creation for the customer, and value creation for the company, social, individual, organizational and technological values. Based on the research results, causal conditions with 4 variables of network capability, use of artificial intelligence, marketing capability, and customer knowledge affect digital marketing strategies. The digital marketing models in successful Iranian startups was formulated and presented by determining the contextual and intervening conditions, and determining the outcomes and strategies for improvement of strategies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

80 - Examining the Match-up Effect in Co-marketing Alliance
H. Safarzadeh N. Esmaili

Purpose: This study aims to examine the match-up effect in co-marketing alliancesby five factors influencing on consumers’ attitude toward co marketing alliance. These factors are usage situation, user identity, purchase criteria, brand specific image and perceive More

Purpose: This study aims to examine the match-up effect in co-marketing alliancesby five factors influencing on consumers’ attitude toward co marketing alliance. These factors are usage situation, user identity, purchase criteria, brand specific image and perceived brand equity. Design/methodology/approach: A theoretical model is developed and tested with a sample of 385 Tehrani consumers SAMSUNG-ARMANI, LG-PRADA cell phones in 2011. Structural equation modeling was used with LISREL 8.50. Findings: This suggests that if consumers perceive a harmony across paired products or brands, they aremore likely to engage in the association process of evaluating a brand alliance. The study argued that the match-up perception mediated between framing criteria and the attitude toward co-marketing alliance. Purchase criteria, user identity, and perceived brand equity were valuable factors in the perception of alliance match-up. This match-up perception at cognition level is a necessary condition prior to consumer attitude at an attitudinal level. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

81 - Evaluation of Consumer Preferences in the Consumer Decision-Making Process of Foreign Goods
K. Heidarzadeh H. Zand Hesami M. M. Hasanloo

Increasing competition in global markets and consequent increase in marketing costs has made essential the improvement of effectiveness of marketing activities and strategies. On the other hand, the attractiveness of the Iran market, increasing competitio More

Increasing competition in global markets and consequent increase in marketing costs has made essential the improvement of effectiveness of marketing activities and strategies. On the other hand, the attractiveness of the Iran market, increasing competition among foreign products, and lack of enough investigation in this area, has made unavoidable the need to do such research in Iran. Through the gap analysis method, this research evaluated Iranian consumers’ product attitudes, associated marketing practices, and buying preferences concerning products made in Germany and Japan. The results show that consumers evaluate such products differently. In addition, by determining the priority of effective factors on buying preferences, active companies in the Iran market can apply the results to optimize their marketing strategies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

82 - The Study of Effect Marketing Strategies Alignment on Supply Chain and Organizational Performance (Case: Entekhab Industrial Group)
M. R. Dalvi Esfahani H. Gorbani M. Bagheri GalehSalimi

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of marketing strategies alignment on supply chain and organizational performance in the Entekhab industrial group. The purpose of this study is functional practical and the nature and the method of it is desc More

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of marketing strategies alignment on supply chain and organizational performance in the Entekhab industrial group. The purpose of this study is functional practical and the nature and the method of it is descriptive – survey and is ofcorrelation type. The population of this study includes managers at various levels in the Entakhab industrial group in 1391 and statistical sample were 159 who were selected by simple random sampling. In this study, a questionnaire was used for data collection and statistical tests were used to analyze data and test hypotheses. To confirm the Justifiability of the questionnaire, comments and advice of supervisors and some management professors was used and management software SPSS was used to assess the reliability.and, Cronbach's alpha was 0.921. In this study, SPSS and AMOS software and path analysis were used for data analysis that the results indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between marketing strategies alignment with supply chain on the performance of supply chain, also there is a significant positive relationship between the performance of supply chain with the organizational performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

83 - Study of the Coordination between Business Level Strategies and Market Orientation in the Context of Organizational Life Cycle Stages
S. M. Baghery F. Asghary

To have a forward and movement towards development in today's changing and uncertain condition, not only should organizations expand their tangible and intangible resources and inner capabilities, but also respond more efficiently to environmental changes with more atte More

To have a forward and movement towards development in today's changing and uncertain condition, not only should organizations expand their tangible and intangible resources and inner capabilities, but also respond more efficiently to environmental changes with more attention to the environment and strengthen their position among competitors while increasing their competitive power. This study aims to investigate active companies in food industry in Mazandaran Province to determine whether different stages of organizational life cycle (introduction, growth, maturity, and decline) can affect the relationship between competitive strategies in business level and market orientation. To define the conceptual model of the study, strategic reference points including control input (low or high) and focus (internal or external) were considered. On this basis, business level strategies and different stages of life cycles were determined, and the relationship between the two has been evaluated on market orientation. In terms of practical purposes as well as research methods and data collection, the present study is among the non-experimental and descriptive research surveys, and is regarded as correlation research series. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a correlation between business-level strategies and market orientation with the stages of organizational lifecycle. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

84 - The Strategy Formulation for Customer Relationship Management System with Balance Score Card Approach (CRM SCORE CARD) in Sapco Company
J. Haghighat Monfared E. Saraeenia

Today organizations focus on their customers to set and regulate their sale and marking strategies. Modern organizations try to present the best for their customers as the aim of customer relation management is to develop long-term and stable dependencies between the co More

Today organizations focus on their customers to set and regulate their sale and marking strategies. Modern organizations try to present the best for their customers as the aim of customer relation management is to develop long-term and stable dependencies between the companies and their customers. The importance of this subject is better understood by considering   guidelines on customers’ satisfaction and customer relation management system strategies. One of the most important challenges to modern organizations is the implementation of   strategies which are regulated by thought and systematic methods. Organizations which have used performance evaluation system- particularly balanced score card- prove to be strategically successful.  It is believed that CRM’s score card is one of the strongest tools in collecting customer relation management system strategy. This card converts CRM plans to key factors which predict success of CRM. This research aimed at collecting data on customer relation management system strategy based on balanced score card as an organization concentrates on four approaches (financial, customer, domestic process and learning and growth). In this research after identifying mission , perspective and current strategies of organization , the strategic goals of customer relation management system were determined for each aspect of balanced score card. After conducting Extensive theoretical studies in order to recognize the key factors of success in customer relation management system and Screening them, next step was collecting performance key indices for each of mentioned factors which were then prioritized by AHP method and establishing balanced score card. Finally the formulating map for customer relationship management system strategy was determined for each one of success factors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

85 - An Empirical Investigation the Role of Management Accountants and Management Accounting Systems on the relationship between Differentiation Strategy and Exploratory Innovation
Mohsen Imeni Seyyed Mohammad Moshashaei

Management accountants can contribute to the differentiation and success of a company by using the information obtained through the management accounting system. This research aims to empirically investigate the role of management accountants and management accounting s More

Management accountants can contribute to the differentiation and success of a company by using the information obtained through the management accounting system. This research aims to empirically investigate the role of management accountants and management accounting systems in the relationship between differentiation strategy and exploratory innovation. As a methodological aspect, this study is an applied and descriptive survey research. The study is based on a survey of 81 individuals, including managers, senior experts, and heads of accounting departments of manufacturing companies in the west of Mazandaran province in 2022. Research hypotheses were analyzed using structural equations with Lisrel 8 software. The results showed that differentiation strategy positively related to the role of business partner management accountants. Additionally, there is a positive relationship between business partner management accountants and factors of the management accounting system, including strategic decision-making, focused attention, monitoring, and legitimation. Furthermore, the results showed that the use of management accounting systems for strategic decision-making, focused attention, legitimacy, and monitoring positively related to exploratory innovation. The correct selection of management accountants during the hiring process or expanding their internal roles can help companies in their development and growth. This study also determined the effect of management accountants on exploratory innovation through the examination of various factors of the management accounting system in Iran's business environment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

86 - Role of Management Accounting in prevention of become proletariat of Accounting Profession (The Modernism Heroes of Accounting Profession )
Ferydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti Afshin Ahmadi Louyeh

Marx and Engels in the book of Communist party Manifest introduces two range of capitalist societies, and for the first time, defines the concept of the proletariat and bourgeois. the proletariat in the literature of policy defined as Community worker stratum that perfo More

Marx and Engels in the book of Communist party Manifest introduces two range of capitalist societies, and for the first time, defines the concept of the proletariat and bourgeois. the proletariat in the literature of policy defined as Community worker stratum that performed commands eae ega af fo and does not use specialized and skills in their work . Management accounting was in the past under the influence and over interference of the managers, and non-expert comments of managers was imposed to management accountants , and managers was not interest to point view of management accountants. Hence in the past time , Management Accountants were the proletariat. With the passage of time and changes in management accounting ٬ managers gone found that Management Accountants are invaluable. Hence the managers using in the current time of the management accountants comments in the guidance and control of business ٬ and as partner of decisions and value creation people . Results of the present study indicates ٬ at the current time ٬ management accountants are not proletariat, and in performing their duties more emphasis on expertise and skill . management accountants at the current time providing strategy and create the highest level of knowledge (wisdom ) for management and they will assist in deciding. Administrators also recognized management accountants status and not interfere in the work management accountants . Including benefits and positive implications of not proletariat of management accountant for accounting professional in the present age, the professional independence and increase the attractiveness and science face of accounting . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

87 - Strategic position and Evaluation of firm performance
Hashem Valipoor Sattar Baseri

The thesis is aimed at studying the strategic positioning and firm performance infirms confirmed by stock exchange of Tehran. Considering the firm’s scope,competitors' status, and customers’ demands and tendencies, firms require a specialstrategy in order to More

The thesis is aimed at studying the strategic positioning and firm performance infirms confirmed by stock exchange of Tehran. Considering the firm’s scope,competitors' status, and customers’ demands and tendencies, firms require a specialstrategy in order to compete with their competitors effectively as well as to improvethe financial performance in future. The current research has conducted by selecting38 firms through the ones confirmed by stock exchange of Tehran during 1381 to1387.correlation method was used in this research. Pierson correlation coefficient,multi-variable linear regression, and ANOVA analysis method have used to dataanalyzing and research’s assumptions testing.The obtained results reveal that while applying the differentiation strategy andcosts leadership results in successful financial performance, but the maintenance ofthis successful performance in future years, only can be satisfied by applyingdifferentiation strategy Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

88 - Competitive strategies, firm performance and corporate social responsibility as third strategy
Zohreh Hajiha

In recent decades low-cost and differentiation strategies are recognized as dominant strategies in business and researchers has indicated that having a business strategy can improve firm performance. On the other hand, corporate social responsibility is proposed as a th More

In recent decades low-cost and differentiation strategies are recognized as dominant strategies in business and researchers has indicated that having a business strategy can improve firm performance. On the other hand, corporate social responsibility is proposed as a third complementary strategy. However, according to the kind of strategy, applying corporate social responsibility can affect firm performance negatively or positively.According to this, the research purpose is the investigation of business strategy and disclosure of information on corporate social responsibility on the firm performance. To measure the kind of business strategy the Yuen et al. model (2017) and for corporate social responsibility Mishra et al. model were employed. The research period was 2011-2015 and the sample was consisted of 96 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The findings of research indicate competitive strategies have a positive and significant effect on performance. Furthermore, the effect of competitive strategies on corporate social responsibility is positive and significant. However, where corporate social responsibility disclosure is higher differentiation strategy has more effect on performance rather than low-cost strategy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

89 - The Feasibility of Balanced Scorecard in Petroleum Company
شکراله خواجوی یوسف سروری

This study aims at investigating the feasibility of the application of “BalancedScorecard”, in performance measurement of Petroleum. Balanced Scorecard is one ofthe management accounting techniques. This technique organized in four distinctprospective: finan More

This study aims at investigating the feasibility of the application of “BalancedScorecard”, in performance measurement of Petroleum. Balanced Scorecard is one ofthe management accounting techniques. This technique organized in four distinctprospective: financial, customer, internal processes and learning and growth.Thistechnique changes the organization vision and strategy to goals and criteria which areorganized in four prospective: financial, customer, internal processes and learning andgrowth. Four prospective related to balanced scorecard were analyzed based on onemain hypothesis and four subsidiaries. The gained results of Statistical analysisshowed that indicating in all prospective of Balanced Scorecard in Petroleum ispossible, but yet pre-required and needed thought to implementing this technique inPetroleum Company is not done well. I found out through more surveys that customerprospective was the most noticeable prospective and internal processes, financial andlearning and growth prospective were ranked respectively Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

90 - The Role of Accounting Department in Outsourcing Decision-Making (Case Study: Yazd Textile Industry)
شهناز نایب زاده علی مروتی شریف آبادی مریم گلشن

The aim of the present research is The Role of Accounting Department in Decision-Making about Outsourcing in companies that activate in Textile industry in Yazd. The modelof this research has been formed with using variables, intensity of competition, firm size, firmper More

The aim of the present research is The Role of Accounting Department in Decision-Making about Outsourcing in companies that activate in Textile industry in Yazd. The modelof this research has been formed with using variables, intensity of competition, firm size, firmperformance, cost leadership strategy and differentiation strategy as independent variable andparticipation level of Accounting Department in Decision-Making about Outsourcing asdependent variable. This research is applied research according to the purpose of research andAccording to research method is descriptive correlation. Required data is collected by usingquestionnaires and survey methodology. The statistical population of this research has beenactive companies in the textile industry in the city of Yazd and was used from Stratifiedsampling to select the sample and collected 175 acceptable samples. Data analysis wasaccomplished with using Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman. Research resultsshow that there are a significant relationship between intensity of competition and the firmsize with participation level of Accounting Department in Decision-Making about outsourcingand that there are not a significant relationship between, corporate performance, costleadership strategy and differentiation strategy with participation of Accounting Departmentin Decision-Making about Outsourcing. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

91 - The Impact of Environmental Strategy, Environmental Uncertainty and Leadership Commitment on Corporate Environmental Performance: The Role of Environmental Management Accounting
Gholamreza Soleimani Hoda Majbouri Yazdi

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of environmental strategy of the company, senior management commitment and environmental uncertainty, emphasizing the role of environmental management accounting, on the environmental performance of the company. Th More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of environmental strategy of the company, senior management commitment and environmental uncertainty, emphasizing the role of environmental management accounting, on the environmental performance of the company. This research is based on the structural equation model. Initially, 84 companies with ISO 14001 certificates listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange were collected. Then, 176 managers of these companies were randomly sent to the questionnaire. Of these, 152 questionnaires were received. The return rate of the questionnaire was 86 percent. The factor loadings were the mean of variance extracted and the reliability of the analysis of the model for all variables was used. The discriminant validity or mutual validity of all hidden variables in the model was tested using Forner-Larker's criterion and the parity of heterogeneity. The results of this research show that environmental strategies have a significant positive effect on the environmental performance of companies. Environmental strategies have a positive positive effect on the environmental performance of the company through environmental management accounting. The senior management's commitment to organizational environmental performance has a significant positive effect. The senior management's commitment to the environmental performance of the company through environmental management accounting indirect impact Has a positive meaning. Perceived environmental uncertainty has a significant positive effect on the use of environmental management accounting. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

92 - Strategy, Strategic Management Accounting and Performance in the Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
محمود موسوی شیری ماهرخ شاکری

The relationship between strategy, management accounting based control systems andperformance has commanded significant attention in the accounting and management researchdomains. The main purpose of this study is to appraise whether strategic managementaccounting&rsquo More

The relationship between strategy, management accounting based control systems andperformance has commanded significant attention in the accounting and management researchdomains. The main purpose of this study is to appraise whether strategic managementaccounting’s alignment with strategy can improve performance. Also, this study examines theimpact of strategic management accounting and strategy on the performance. For processingand testing hypotheses, regression and clustering methods are used. The final sample used forthis study consists of 41 companies listed in Tehran stock exchange. Also, data were collectedusing a questionnaire. Results showed that apply prospector strategy and costing techniques (abunch of strategic management accounting techniques) improve the performance. Also, thefindings reveal that strategic management accounting’s alignment with strategy improve theperformance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

93 - The influence of competitive environment and business strategies on the relationship between firm's financial leverage and performance
فرزین رضایی حامد عازم

This study is concerned to investigate the influence of competitive environmentand business strategies on the relationship between firm's financial leverage andperformance.135 firms listed in TSE as samples during 1381-1388 were selected.Results corroborate not only the More

This study is concerned to investigate the influence of competitive environmentand business strategies on the relationship between firm's financial leverage andperformance.135 firms listed in TSE as samples during 1381-1388 were selected.Results corroborate not only there were negative and significant relation but alsoindustrial competitive intensity and business strategy had an influence significantly.These influences on firms with cost leadership strategy were further than firms withproduct differentiation strategy. Furthermore impact of industrial competitiveintensity on relationship between financial leverage &performance was positivelysignificant. Generally, firms with product differentiation strategy and active in highcompetitive intensity environment have the most impact on the relationship betweenfinancial leverage & performance. Meanwhile, other pair as to strategy andcompetitiveness had less impact on that relationship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

94 - Conceptual Explanation of Target Costing Based on Critical Perspective
Mohammad Namazi Zohreh Hajiha Hassan Chenari

The aim of this research is to advance the theory belonging to the determinants of adoption of target costing (TC) system by firms. Although the previous studies describes several factors, it clarifies the instances under which TC adoption will add firm value, which ref More

The aim of this research is to advance the theory belonging to the determinants of adoption of target costing (TC) system by firms. Although the previous studies describes several factors, it clarifies the instances under which TC adoption will add firm value, which refers to b . T M S w’ 1978 evaluate the cost orientation of TC adoption, which responds the question as to why firms do not adopt TC even when the previous studies emphasize to the benefits of adoption. The paper concludes that possess of prospector managers the scope to take advantage of the high information asymmetry to inhibit TC adoption, because their stock-based compensation increases with volatility in earnings and stock returns. In contrast, managers with defending strategy obtain extensive cash-based compensation with the adoption of TC, which helps achieve much firm profits. The paper concludes with specific sources of agency problems and some avenues for future research. In the other words, adoption of a defensive strategy by managers in companies leads to value creation a long with the interests of all stakeholders intra and inter organization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

95 - The Effect of Strategy of Cost Leadership and Product Differentiation Strategy on Cost of Equity
Elham Eghdami Bahman Banimahd

This study investigate the relationship between strategy of cost leadership and product differentiation strategy on equity costs. The aim of cost leadership strategy is product cost reduction and the objective of product differentiation strategy is product quality impro More

This study investigate the relationship between strategy of cost leadership and product differentiation strategy on equity costs. The aim of cost leadership strategy is product cost reduction and the objective of product differentiation strategy is product quality improvement. So, the aim of this research is investigation of theses strategies on cost of capital.The present study is descriptive and correlational in terms of method and is a descriptive study in terms of nature. Also, this research is an applied research. Data analysis was performed using multiple regressions using panel data. The statistical population of the research is the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2011 and 2016. Meanwhile 104 companies selected for sample population. The results of this study indicate that there is a reverse and significant relationship between cost leadership strategy and firm's equity cost . But there is no significant relationship between product differentiation strategy and firm's equity cost. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

96 - Media strategies effective in promoting environmental culture and natural resources
Reza Khalili Faezeh Taghipour Mojtaba Shahnoshi froshani Mohammad Koshafar

10.30495/jrnr.2021.18447

The aim of this study is to analyze media strategies and their effect on promoting environmental culture and natural resources. For this purpose, the data theory method of the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin (1988) has been used in the interpretive paradigm ba More

The aim of this study is to analyze media strategies and their effect on promoting environmental culture and natural resources. For this purpose, the data theory method of the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin (1988) has been used in the interpretive paradigm based on qualitative methodology. 31 in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted with media and environmental experts, sociology, culture and media professors, experts from environmental protection organizations, forests, rangelands and watershed management, as well as experts from the General Department of Natural Resources and Watershed Management of Isfahan Province. The interviewees confirmed the interpretation of the interviews to assess the validity, and at the end, a summary of the formulated model was presented to several professors, and their opinions were collected for correction and adjustment. The main topic of the research was "Media and the promotion of environmental culture and natural resources." Research strategies include environmental education from childhood, audience studies, holding art festivals, producing movies and series, creating an environmental group in the media, launching multimedia services, highlighting the halal and haram environment in the Jurisprudence, publishing the effects of environmental and natural resources destruction, creating a campaign, educating journalists, preserving the appearance of environmental factors and natural resources, promoting environmental literacy by analyzing natural resources and environmental issues, reforming the thinking of abundant resources, characterization, production Qualitative content, prioritization of national media, presentation of green life plan, behavioral modeling of employees of responsible organizations, funding and support of media, creation of media communication system and environment and natural resources obtained from coding steps. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

97 - Cultural Strategies for the Empowerment of the Vulnerable Populations (Case Study: Families Covered by Vefagh Sabz Alavi Charity Foundation)
AMIR HOSSEIN ROSTAMI Kambiz Peykarjo

Introduction & Objective: Today, countries have found empowerment the most effective way to achieve sustainable development. The goal is to empowerment helpless people to try to overcome their weaknesses by increasing their skills and improve their positive aspects. More

Introduction & Objective: Today, countries have found empowerment the most effective way to achieve sustainable development. The goal is to empowerment helpless people to try to overcome their weaknesses by increasing their skills and improve their positive aspects. The present research seeks to investigate the strategies of cultural empowerment of vulnerable sectors of society in addition to investigating various internal and external factors. Research method: In this regard, among the clients family covered Charity Foundation of vefagh sabz alavi, 329 people were selected as samples, who participated in 20 cultural and skill education courses for 6 months, then using different theoretical approaches and methods. You know, four cultural strategies including: promoting the Quranic culture, emphasizing on cultural identity, emphasizing national identity, and teaching life skills on the five empowerment components including self-efficacy, self-determination, self-esteem, meaningfulness and trust, were measured and According to them, the data analyzed were analyzed. Findings: In this research, a questionnaire was used. The pre-test questionnaires showed Cronbach's alpha of 80% and the reliability value was more than 70%. In this study, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to examine the normal or normal distribution of data. According to the results of this test, we find that the intended sample of this study is not normal. Therefore, nonparametric statistical tests were used to analyze the data. To test the hypotheses of this research, we used Chi-square test. Conclusion: The results of the research are as follows: In the first hypothesis, the correlation coefficient, correlation between promoting the Quranic culture and empowering the vulnerable stratum, was 542/0, in the second hypothesis, the correlation between the emphasis on religious identity and the empowerment of the vulnerable stratum was 319/0, as well as in The third hypothesis, the correlation between the emphasis on national identity and the empowerment of the vulnerable stratum, was obtained at a confidence level of 0.25, which was confirmed at 0.95. In the fourth hypothesis, the correlation between life skills training and empowerment of the vulnerable stratum was 0.571, which confirmed this level at a confidence level of 0.95. The conceptual framework of this research is based on the Talcott Parsons The Theory of Communicative Action and the Cultural Reproduction Theory of Louis Althusser and Pierre Bourdieu. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

98 - Analyzing the Strategies for Cultural Tourism Development in Isfahan using the SWOT-QSPM Hybrid Model
laiia jalilian iman chaghajerdi ziba fotoohi salma etebari ghohar rizi

Introduction & Objective: Cultural tourism is one of the most important means of exchanges. Cultural nations are among the most important tools for intercultural dialogue. The purpose of this research is to analyze the strategies of Cultural Tourism development in I More

Introduction & Objective: Cultural tourism is one of the most important means of exchanges. Cultural nations are among the most important tools for intercultural dialogue. The purpose of this research is to analyze the strategies of Cultural Tourism development in Isfahan using the SWOT_QSPM hybrid model. Methodology: The research method was descriptive-analytic. A questionnaire was used to collect information Findings: According to the results of Table 2, so (aggressive) strategies have the highest weight, and among the four selected strategies, the city's appropriate geographical location in holding national and international cultural competitions with a score of The attraction of 5.6915, the creation of conditions and the adoption of principles for attraction of foreign investments with a score of 5.61, the prohibition of over visiting cultural sites with an attraction score of 5.493 and encouraging private sector investors to accompany the government In organizing the cultural tourism industry of Isfahan with a score of 5.352, they are ranked first to fourth respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings of tables 2 and 5, the city of Isfahan has the potential for developing cultural tourism. Manuscript profile

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99 - The role of School Intelligence and Metacognitive Strategies on Academic Adaptability of Students (Case Study: Secondary School Students of Intelligent Schools in Chamestan)
ali mohamadzadeh nadi alizadeh faranak paydar

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of school intelligence and meta-cognitive strategies on students' academic adjustment. The statistical population of this study includes all secondary school students in the city of Chamestan, which has 279 st More

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of school intelligence and meta-cognitive strategies on students' academic adjustment. The statistical population of this study includes all secondary school students in the city of Chamestan, which has 279 students. The sample is estimated to be 203 people according to Morgan's curriculum. The method of sampling in this research was stratified random. The instrument for measuring this research was standard questionnaire which was adapted from Shawiroudi School of Intelligence Questionnaire (1392); O'Neill & Serayak (1984), Mohammadi et al. (1395); Ph.D. O'Neill and Abedi (1996), Mohammadi et al. (1395) Has been. To determine the validity of the questionnaire, formal validity was used and supervised by the supervisor. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the reliability and, given that all variables had a coefficient of more than 0.7, their reliability was confirmed. The intelligence of schools has a reliability of 0.78 and academic compatibility with the reliability of 0.73 and metacognitive strategies of 0.79. Structural equation modeling and PLS software were used to study the research hypothese. The results of the main hypothesis of the research on the effect of school intelligence and metacognitive strategies were confirmed on students 'academic adaptability; the results of the first hypothesis of the research on the effect of school intelligence on students' academic compatibility were confirmed; the results of the second hypothesis on the effect of metacognitive strategies on academic compatibility Students confirmed. Manuscript profile

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100 - The effect of cultural intelligence on the manager's performance (Case study: Iran Retirement Fund)
Farhad Aghabeg Seyyed Reza Salehi Amiri

Introduction: With increased communication and international exchange among various societies which have their own sometimes complicated and diverse cultures, management and business scholars decided to identify the effective factors on organizational complications and More

Introduction: With increased communication and international exchange among various societies which have their own sometimes complicated and diverse cultures, management and business scholars decided to identify the effective factors on organizational complications and dynamism in the business environment.This study investigated the role of cultural intelligence on the performance of managers in Iran Retirement Fund. The effect of cultural intelligence and its four dimensions including cultural intelligence knowledge, strategy, behavior, and motivation on managers’ performance was investigated.Method: This paper is based the on applied goal and on the basis of data collecting is survey – analyzes that review are role of cultural intelligence on the managers performance. The statistical population consisted of all the managers and chiefs of Iran Retirement Fund. Of this population, 95 persons were selected for further measurements. The information collection method was the library and questionnaire method. The reliability of the questions was investigated through Cronbach’s alpha. For analysis, the statistical Spearman’s tests and Friedman’s ranking test were implemented.Conclusion: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between cultural intelligence and a manager’s performance. Also, it was shown that the effect of cultural intelligence on managers’ and supervisor’s performance was due to the knowledge and behavior dimensions of cultural intelligence. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

101 - Evaluating the Role of the Islamic Culture and Relations in Cultural Interchanging with Other Countries
دکتر سید رضا صالحی امیری سعید محمدی

This research has concentrated on the study of Islamic organization, culture andrelations in interchanging cultural aspects with other countries in terms of culturalmanagement which could be known as a study of Iran's cultural relations with othercountries. This researc More

This research has concentrated on the study of Islamic organization, culture andrelations in interchanging cultural aspects with other countries in terms of culturalmanagement which could be known as a study of Iran's cultural relations with othercountries. This research has been done through the measurement method and 210questionnaires were collected from cultural managers and counselors to analyze 60representatives of the Islamic Relations Organization. The conclusion was that thereare the necessary facilities and authorities for cultural interchange among differentcountries for the Islamic Culture and Relations Organization. But, designing theproper management model for specifying the complete cultural strategy abroad isessential which is only possible through using some kind of an influential culturaldiplomatic structure in various geographical regions according to the list of prioritiesset by the cultural management elements. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

102 - The role of management and strategy of market orientation and risk of listed companies on entrepreneurship and social development
Kaveh Azin far Sayyad Reza Hosseini iman dadashi reza falah

10.30495/jisds.2021.19451

Today, due to dramatic changes in the external environment, organizations are in situations that have to use different trends, including the trend of entrepreneurial activities and the market in the community based on different dimensions affect it. Therefore, in the pr More

Today, due to dramatic changes in the external environment, organizations are in situations that have to use different trends, including the trend of entrepreneurial activities and the market in the community based on different dimensions affect it. Therefore, in the present study, the role of management and market orientation strategy and risk of listed companies on entrepreneurship and social development has been investigated, based on data from 147 companies during an 8-year period between 2012 and 2019. In order to test the research hypothesis, multivariate linear regression models were used using Eviews 8 software. The present study is in the group of descriptive-post-event research in terms of applied purpose and in terms of data collection method. The findings of the first hypotheses show that the market orientation of companies has a positive and significant relationship with the systematic risk of companies, while this relationship is obtained for negative and significant non-systematic risk. The results obtained in the second hypothesis show that there is a positive and significant relationship between entrepreneurial orientation with systematic risk, unsystematic risk and abnormal returns of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. There is no relationship between market orientation and abnormal returns of companies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

103 - Strategic analysis of the factors of ethnic divergence in Iran and the extent of the role of "relative deprivation" in it
Mahdi Imani Moghaddam Seyyed Saeid Hashemi Nasab Mohammad Taghi Dashti Mohammad Bagher Sedghi

10.30495/jisds.2007.21342

Iran is a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural country where different ethnic groups live with different cultures and languages. Multi-ethnicity and multiculturalism, while providing an opportunity for Iran, have always posed a risk of territorial fragmentation and divergenc More

Iran is a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural country where different ethnic groups live with different cultures and languages. Multi-ethnicity and multiculturalism, while providing an opportunity for Iran, have always posed a risk of territorial fragmentation and divergence for the regime. The issue in the ethnic divide has always been abused by foreign powers. The present article tries to focus on the question "What is the main cause of ethnic divergence in Iran today and what is the strategy to overcome it?" To study the issue of ethnicity in Iran. The findings of the article show that the main cause of ethnic divergence in Iran is the relative deprivation of ethnic areas located on the outskirts of Iran and the strategy for transitioning from ethnic divergence is to expand social welfare in all regions of Iran. Also, national awareness should be considered as one of the indicators to eliminate the feeling of deprivation. The best basis for overcoming ethnic discrimination is national authority with development. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

104 - Analysis of socio-cultural harms of emerging cultural currents and its management strategies (Case study of ring mysticism)
Mohamadreza Taji eshkaftaki Sasan Vadie Reza Safari Shali

10.30495/jisds.2022.20434

The purpose of this article is to investigate the socio-cultural harms of ring mysticism in Iran on the one hand and to provide management strategies in this regard, on the other hand. In this study, data and information were collected using interview technique. The tar More

The purpose of this article is to investigate the socio-cultural harms of ring mysticism in Iran on the one hand and to provide management strategies in this regard, on the other hand. In this study, data and information were collected using interview technique. The target population of the study consists of two groups, promoters and members of the emerging current of ring mysticism in Iran, as well as experts and specialists in the field. The sample size was selected using saturation method and 30 people from each group were interviewed. The sampling method was non-probabilistic (targeted sampling and snowball). The collected data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings indicate that the most important cultural harms of ring mysticism in Iran include: Anti-religionism and weakening of religious beliefs, denial and transcendence of God, promotion of a new reading of Islam, personalization of religion, distortion of the face of genuine and true mysticism, reincarnation, promotion of a lifestyle based on individualism and worldly pleasure, overshadowing Islamic identity, And the most important social harms include suicide, divorce, family rupture, abuse and fraud, loss of social trust, weakening of common rituals and rituals, Loss of social status, weakening of common rituals and rituals, harm to loved ones, relationship with non-mahrams, fraud, problems and family conflicts and so on. The most important management strategies of this emerging trend include awareness and information, strengthening the doctrinal and spiritual strength, development of social capital, leisure management, strengthening the functioning of relevant institutions, and so on. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

105 - Analysis of sports tourism in the framework of SWOT method in Tehran
bahram ghadimi

10.30495/sarzamin.2024.77385.2138

The tourism industry in Iran has very high capacities for growth and development. The purpose of this study was to analyze sports tourism in the framework of SWOT method in Tehran.Methodology: This research was analyzed in three levels: descriptive, explanatory and mult More

The tourism industry in Iran has very high capacities for growth and development. The purpose of this study was to analyze sports tourism in the framework of SWOT method in Tehran.Methodology: This research was analyzed in three levels: descriptive, explanatory and multivariate analysis with appropriate techniques. In order to answer the research questions, binomial non-parametric statistics (proportion test) and Friedman's test were used, and SWOT model was used to formulate the strategic planning of sports tourism in Tehran province.Findings: A significant difference was observed between the priorities of weaknesses (df=28, significance level p=0.001, and chi-square value=327.009). There is a significant difference between the priorities of strengths (df = 19 and significance level p = 0.001 and chi-square value = 43.432). There is a significant difference between the priorities of threats (df = 22 and significance level p = 0.001 and chi-square value = 149.012).Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that the strengths of sports tourism in Tehran include: the existence of a suitable transportation system, access to welfare services, recreation and facilities at reasonable prices, the ability to participate in national sports leagues, favorable water centers (sea , lake, river and swimming pools) is desirable and... Also, the main opportunities include: publishing the principles of Islamic philosophy and Iranian religion through the development of tourism, the existence of a field for organizing sports festivals, creating a platform for close communication with neighboring cities and countries, etc. They make smooth and also some components receive a positive and favorable effect from the development of sports tourism. This impact is mainly outside the realm of sports and sports tourism, and in order to plan for the development of this industry, all weaknesses and strengths, threats and opportunities must be carefully examined. In the part related to the weaknesses of sports tourism, the findings of this study showed that the lack of transparency and availability of income statistics from this industry, the weakness of mass media and the press in the development of this industry, bureaucratic administrative rules for accepting and attracting tourists, Absence of sports medicine service centers and... respectively are considered as important and effective variables that the sports tourism industry in the city of Tehran is either lacking in the mentioned variables or is not very effective. Manuscript profile

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106 - Review and implementation of sustainable management strategies of peri urban areas; Tehran and global metropolis
mahdi Amini یوسفعلی زیاری

Increased migration and population growth and urban expansion in Tehran metropolitan has created problems for the planning and decision making; One of the most serious threats to the Privacy is the Act of 6000 km. city Privacy is hte Protection of the environment is cri More

Increased migration and population growth and urban expansion in Tehran metropolitan has created problems for the planning and decision making; One of the most serious threats to the Privacy is the Act of 6000 km. city Privacy is hte Protection of the environment is critical for proper management that requires knowledge of the relevant issues and management practices for dealing with them. most important people in poverty and unemployment. The present study approch preservation and maintenance of metropolitan Tehran Privacy sustainable development . While the prioritization of environmental, social, economic and general factors prioritization These strategies are presented and for Sustainable Development Policy and prioritization all the strategies is also presented. Manuscript profile

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107 - Iran's regionalism strategies in the Caucasus Against Russia based on game theory
mostafa hashemi Rebaz Ghorbaninejad Qiuomars Yazdanpanah Dero mohammad hassan nami

The profound geopolitical changes in the South Caucasus have had a significant impact on relations between Iran and the three republics of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. The Islamic Republic of Iran has expanded political-economic cooperation with the people of the re More

The profound geopolitical changes in the South Caucasus have had a significant impact on relations between Iran and the three republics of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. The Islamic Republic of Iran has expanded political-economic cooperation with the people of the region due to its historical relations and socio-cultural ties. The active presence of regional and trans-regional actors has had a direct impact on this relationship. This study seeks to select an effective strategy to achieve Iranian regionalism in the Caucasus against Russia and to design operational strategies using game theory. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical and exploratory in nature, in which library and field methods including interviews with elites have been used to collect research data. the statistical population included a collection of political geography experts, officials of related organizations and relevant institutions who, in addition to collecting information, helped in other areas. In this study, an attempt is made to select an effective strategy to achieve Iranian regionalism in the Caucasus against Russia in this region. Then, the results of statistical analysis have been implemented in the form of game theory; Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

108 - Codification of of Regional Development Strategy (Case Study: Astara County)
hassan Atefi ebrahim roomina Rebaz Ghorbaninejad

10.30495/sarzamin.2023.21774

AbstractIn this study, the authors try to formulate appropriate regional development strategies in the comprehensive development strategy of Astara city and neighboring regions as well as prioritize development strategies in this area, taking into consideration the stre More

AbstractIn this study, the authors try to formulate appropriate regional development strategies in the comprehensive development strategy of Astara city and neighboring regions as well as prioritize development strategies in this area, taking into consideration the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. They have come to the fore and, using a descriptive-analytical approach, library studies and SWOT matrices have sought to develop a regional development strategy for the city of Astara.The findings of the study indicate that, given the internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external (opportunity and threat) scoring criteria, the strategies extracted from the SWOT matrix are in the offensive (SO) state and these strategies are: : Reduction of customs duties and removal of visas with the aim of facilitating trade and economic development of the border region, development of coastal tourism and medical tourism, expansion of geoeconomic relations with Caucasian countries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

109 - The geoeconomic status and position of the Islamic Repulic of Iran and its role in keeping and promoting national security
مهدی Minaei

The basis of geostrategic scopes during cold war which had been built uponmilitary force, geographic space and ideologic influence was destroyed because ofmany reasons including high cost of arms and support for satellite countries,emergence of technologic revolution, a More

The basis of geostrategic scopes during cold war which had been built uponmilitary force, geographic space and ideologic influence was destroyed because ofmany reasons including high cost of arms and support for satellite countries,emergence of technologic revolution, and development of communications.Meawhile, with decrease in the role of military and ideologic issues, groupingsand competitious between the two superpowers and their allies which were defined andanalyzed on the basis of militarism weakened, and the factors of workforce andeconomic resources were introduced as the index of “better development and power”.At present the strategic regions are classified on the basis of gross national product,human resources, and national resources. Specifcally the mark of power in the twentyfirstcentury is the economic capabilities at the internatiunal level, controllingprodution system, supply and consumption of economic goods. This is why thegeostrategic regions are mached with the regions that have abundant natural resources(specially energy resoures) as well as substantial gross national product.Therefore, the region of the broader middle east, specially the Persion Gulf andCaspian Sea play a very special “geoeconomic” role in the twenty-first century as theyhave more than 70 percrent of energy resources (Oil and Gas). The Islamic Repulic ofIran, which was considered an important country during Cold War, has been currentlymached with the global geoconomic situation. And it’s regional sitution during coldwar has turned to an excellent international situation in world considerations.This exceptional situation is irreplaceble and will become a pivotal role in formulatingthe strategies related to the world power systems.The natural domination of the Islamic Republic of Iran over Hormoz Strait andthe strategic islands around it, as well as having borders with the world’s secondlargest oil and gas resource in the North has made this country an important factor inestablishing peace and stability in the twenty-first century. Meanwhile, the IslamicRepublic of Iran should formulate a “geopolitic agenda” which can on the one hand,answer the regional and global problems and demands, and on the other hand ensurethe national security and interests, and realize the Islamic Revolution’s causes in thebest possible way. Manuscript profile

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110 - U.S. Strategy and Iran’s Position in Middle East
عزت اله Ezzati

The 20 thcentury with its all characteristics, finally faced with the military strategies impasse and with U.S.S.R collapsing finished, and the day after the falling of Berlin wall in 1989, strategically entered to 21st century . By this, the world security agenda has b More

The 20 thcentury with its all characteristics, finally faced with the military strategies impasse and with U.S.S.R collapsing finished, and the day after the falling of Berlin wall in 1989, strategically entered to 21st century . By this, the world security agenda has been formulated on the basis of new principals and actors which according to this global blue print, the world will be directed by 5 orbits which is composed of 4+1 axis.Consequently, the world’s geo-strategic divisions drastically changed and in fact the world’s map planning is on the bassis of the peace map. According to these transformations, traditional Middle East borders moved towards north, east and weast and geographically wielded. This geopolitical expansion created challenges among and for Middel Eastern countries. Moreover, besides the other changes, U.S. Security Strategy has focused on Caspian Sea basin. The considerable point in this process is locating Iran, in the centre of the Heartland of energy or in the other world, the Heart of world energy. This affair must be considered in arranging Iran’s National Strategy. Manuscript profile

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111 - f
Naser Naji Abdolreza Farajirad

Since January 2011 the Syrian crisis started, a lot of speculation in relation to developments in the Syrian crisis, politicians have been provided by the experts .  Islamic Republic of Iran at one hand while carefully the developments that foreign factors (America More

Since January 2011 the Syrian crisis started, a lot of speculation in relation to developments in the Syrian crisis, politicians have been provided by the experts .  Islamic Republic of Iran at one hand while carefully the developments that foreign factors (America, Israel, Saudi Arabia) Add its intensity by the shared memory demands Syria reform framework as far as national sovereignty and security, resulting in the weakening of national power struggle in Syria has Not supported diet . The most important and perhaps the only regional ally Syria, Iran and the Middle East to the forefront of resistance Israel maintaining and strengthening resistance movements and to support the Syrian government needs to accompany the reason Ousting of Bashar al-Assad's government against the interests of the Iranian regime's ideology .  Actually fall Arrowhead Syrian government will take back the Iranian Resistance will undermine Iran's regional position . 's Why the strategy Iranian strategy against opponents of Syria's demands, insisting on the return of peace to the country, the new government stronger support Bashar al-Assad And no foreign intervention .  Because of political necessity based on Maintaining strategic interests in Syria under the influence of the political equation of the country's security in the region, particularly in the field of relations with Hezbollah, Hamas and the Israeli-Arab peace is diet . Manuscript profile

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112 - Geopolitics approaches of Iran foreign politics in the Persian gulf area
عزت الله Ezati نبی الله Rashnoo

Summary: Due to strategic and geo-economic importance, Persian Gulf has been taken into consideration of powerful countries all over the history. Nowadays, in the Persian Gulf area, Iran is potentially one of the fifteen powerful countries in the world. Having all chara More

Summary: Due to strategic and geo-economic importance, Persian Gulf has been taken into consideration of powerful countries all over the history. Nowadays, in the Persian Gulf area, Iran is potentially one of the fifteen powerful countries in the world. Having all characteristics of power including: vast territory, deep strategic, natural resources, suitable population, special geopolitics situation and history, national identity, rich literature and active people. Since effectiveness of national power characteristics on foreign politics involves software aspects and continued international communication all over the world, inattention to this important point caused this country to increase prices and reduce national and local interests respect to lack of suitable situation in the new lineup of international system. On the other hand, wide and strategic relations of the neighbors with west on the Persian gulf area caused unusual local relations for Iran and influenced by west interactions. Respect to technological changes and need to accompaniment with it in the new social conditions of Iran, this current has become the most important challenge in the foreign politics and national development of Iran.                               Manuscript profile

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113 - The hedging of the article: An analysis of tribal welfare and settlement strategy in Iran
نبی الله Rashnoo

Nomad and operance of nomadism on the basis of rangeland and herdkeeping is inaccordance with geographical favor and Iransُ neiborhood with other nalions andnormal olans.Nomadism has always been given specific place in thoughts of social affairsauthorities concerning th More

Nomad and operance of nomadism on the basis of rangeland and herdkeeping is inaccordance with geographical favor and Iransُ neiborhood with other nalions andnormal olans.Nomadism has always been given specific place in thoughts of social affairsauthorities concerning the economical, political, cultural and martial aspects. Thisprocess in the world of newtechnocrats in 3rd millennium that communities relations ingeograghical field is explained, been the reason giving essential priorities inspecificating regional, zoning, national and even global developmental capacities onthe basis os environmental geography.Therefore, reviewing role and effectiveness of nomads livelihood as a part of Iran ssocial system in the process of planning developmental levels emphasizing on castbenefitequation to endevour by macro policy making.If those reviews by academic researehs and finling would be analyzed, could makepossible. Manuscript profile

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114 - Investigation of the effective geographical factors on the codification of National Iranian Strategy with emphasis on political Strategy.
معصومه Taheri Mousavi

Not Long ago strategies concept embraced as military. Thus now a days strategy doesn't limited only by militarization, it means development manners, similar how to use politics, Economics, military, society and cultural resources. In fact national strategy includes comp More

Not Long ago strategies concept embraced as military. Thus now a days strategy doesn't limited only by militarization, it means development manners, similar how to use politics, Economics, military, society and cultural resources. In fact national strategy includes complex vast assessment from technologic resources, national preferences, and geopolitical factors. There are many relations between strategies study and political sciences, it's clear that three studies include strategy Geopolitics and political geography have common. Concepts and similar patterns, as position, distance, space, distribution and composition. Geopolitics view pointers believe : "Political national boundaries access to important sea ways, they emphasis about international lands beside seas. Thus Iran has special physical anthropological position and needs suitable strategy in different levels as national field areas, regional, and international. Because Iran has settles between Caspian sea in north and Persian Golf in south, due to has been necessary making use maritime power with codification navy strategy, consensus and coalition strategy.   Manuscript profile

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115 - Application of Sustainable Development Based Urban Development Strategy Model (Case Study: Marivan City)
seyed khalil seyed ali por serve salimi

Rapid change and uncertainty and inefficiency in the urban environment projects Urban development on the one hand and the dissatisfaction of many residents of cities the quality of life in these centers, on the other hand, expectations and Has created new responsibiliti More

Rapid change and uncertainty and inefficiency in the urban environment projects Urban development on the one hand and the dissatisfaction of many residents of cities the quality of life in these centers, on the other hand, expectations and Has created new responsibilities for urban managers. In response to this situation, unreliable, inefficient management and reduce the comfort of residents, approach development strategy City (CDS) to increase the competitiveness of cities, improving the livability, economic development, reduce poverty and improve urban management was introduced in 1999 by the Coalition cities.The aim of this study application of CDS in the town of Marivan, with an emphasis on urban sustainable development. Study of the purpose, nature and descriptive analysis. Data collection on the basis of documentary (Survey) was conducted by questionnaire and taking notes.The population consists of professionals and managers has been Marivan. The volume of influent based on the sample of 326 people and is a two-stage cluster sampling method. For single-sample t test hypotheses, analysis and Strategic SWOT model is used. Results show that the status of sustainable development indicators in Marivan favorable situations. Also applicable strategy for the development of indicators of urban development strategy in the city of Marivan ST (contingency or diversification) were determined and agricultural strategies and services based on the matrix QSPM, as developing strategies Marivan have earned the most points.   Manuscript profile

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116 - Strategic Planning of sustainable Ecotourism in Small Cities Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis, SWOT and QSPM Models (Case Study: Masal, Guilan)
Yaser Gholipour Mohammad Ali Sayyadi

Planning for the development of ecotourism in recent times has been one of the subjects of sustainable development of tourism and regional development in the world. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to determine the strategies for ecotourism development in Ma More

Planning for the development of ecotourism in recent times has been one of the subjects of sustainable development of tourism and regional development in the world. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to determine the strategies for ecotourism development in Masal city in west of Guilan province.The research method is descriptive-analytic and of applied-development type. The statistical sample of the study consisted of 42 experts in Ph.D. and Master of Science in Delphi method and in three stages determined the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in relation to the ecotourism of the region. SPSS and Lisrel software were used to analyze the data. To determine the validity of the questionnaire, formal validity and reliability of the questionnaire were used to determine the reliability of Cronbach's alpha(0.804). Using the SWOT and QSPM model, we determined the strategies for ecotourism development in Masal.The findings indicate that a strategy for this purpose would be a conservative strategy with WO strategies. Manuscript profile

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117 - Assessment of Urban Development Strategy Indictors in Zanjan
OMID mobaraki HOSHANG sarvar FATH HOLAH HATAMI

Introduction:  One of the new approaches to urban development projects is the Urban Development Strategy (CDS) approach developed in 1999 with the goal of reducing poverty, sustainable development, promoting participation and creating good urban governance. The pla More

Introduction:  One of the new approaches to urban development projects is the Urban Development Strategy (CDS) approach developed in 1999 with the goal of reducing poverty, sustainable development, promoting participation and creating good urban governance. The plan mainly emphasizes the economic growth of cities and, by identifying and using the potential and economic potential of the city, provides a basis for development in other aspects as well. In other words, sustaining environmental sustainability, sustainable social justice, and so on can be seen by creating sustainability, promoting sustainable development and providing sustainable financing. The city's development strategy is a tool in which participatory techniques are employed and its main goal is to provide sustainable urban development through social capacity building for the development of participatory perspectives and public action. Also, the urban development strategy aims to promote social justice in cities through the process of community participation and cooperation in order to improve the quality of life of all citizens. Research method: The research type is applied and its method is descriptive-analytic. Therefore, analyzing the data of the questionnaire using SPSS software, and in order to develop a strategy for future development of the city from the SWOT analytical model and for designing the study area maps from GIS Has been used . Finding : Therefore, the studies have been done and the results obtained by step-by-step regression show that the bankability index with beta 436 has the highest impact, competitiveness with .340 good urban governance with beta .259 And life expectancy index with beta of 255. The least effect on the development of the city of Zanjan. Using single-sample t-test (T) for citizens 2.65 and for specialists 2.70, the total is 0.713 with a significant difference. Results: Finally, by using the methods of weighting the indicators and evaluation criteria, ranked photo-capture method, first-class bank-capability index, second-place competitiveness index, life-satisfaction index, and fourth-rank urban management index. SWOT analysis shows that the best strategy for Zanjan is an aggressive strategy that exploits the strengths of opportunities.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

118 - Evaluation of the Environment of Ardabil City from the Perspective of New Urbanism
Afagh Houshmand Nanehkaran rasoul samadzadeh Mohammad Taghi Masoumi

10.30495/ums.2023.21766

Introduction and Aim: The prevailing opinion is that the model of New Urbanism can provide a city with a suitable quality of life. Therefore, the city of Ardabil was studied from the perspective of New Urbanism to propose solutions to solve its problems with the knowled More

Introduction and Aim: The prevailing opinion is that the model of New Urbanism can provide a city with a suitable quality of life. Therefore, the city of Ardabil was studied from the perspective of New Urbanism to propose solutions to solve its problems with the knowledge of the quality level of the region. The aim of this research is to know the executive strategies for improving the quality of the city's environment from the perspective of New Urbanism. Methodology: By using the survey method and collecting information through questionnaires, documents, and considering the climatic and biological conditions of Ardabil city, first the priorities of the ten principles of New Urbanism were determined by the AHP method, then by using the SWOT method, the type of dominant strategy was identified as a combination of strengths and opportunities (SO). 67 executive strategies of the SO type were proposed and scored by the votes of 45 experts and finally, three strategies were selected. Findings: Examining the internal and external factors of the city showed that strengths will overcome weaknesses and opportunities will overcome threats. The state of the city in terms of compliance with the principles of New Urbanism is "bad" and is equivalent to a score of 2.288 out of four. Results: By following the selected executive strategies in the city, it is possible to approach the principles of New Urbanism and provide a city with better livability while preserving the city's identity.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

119 - Regional Development Strategy (RDS) as a solution for decentralization (case study: Rasht metropolis)
Seyyed Mehdi Sabbagh azita rajabi

10.30495/ums.2023.23117

Rasht city, as the only metropolis in Gilan province, has experienced unique conditions compared to its surrounding cities since the beginning of its formation, and has had an increasing tendency towards centralization. The formation of a one-way relationship and the di More

Rasht city, as the only metropolis in Gilan province, has experienced unique conditions compared to its surrounding cities since the beginning of its formation, and has had an increasing tendency towards centralization. The formation of a one-way relationship and the direction of most of the vital and functional flows of the cities of the province towards the city of Rasht has caused isolation and immobility for other residential areas of the province, which seems to increase the scope of the city's activities. Rasht will expand further. This research has examined the areas of centralization in the city of Rasht in three areas: administrative-political centralization, economic-service centralization, and population centralization, and while explaining the most important manifestations and examples of centralization in the above fields; In order to reduce centralism in Rasht city and direct the flows to other places and consequently balance the flow and mutual relations; It has used the new model of regional development strategy (RDS), the regional development strategy with its strategic, community-oriented and flexible thinking is very effective in establishing regional balances because in this model, efforts are made to He looked for benefits, capacities, actions and cooperation of all regions and organized it in the best possible way.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

120 - Strategic Planning of Urban Branding in Tourism Industry
ROMINA RABANI Seyyed Mehdi Jalali Hassan Mehrmanesh

Introduction and Purpose:  The creation of spaces, the giving of particular personality to cities, drawing a mental perspective for people and reputation of cities have particular importance; most cities and places seek to be unique and lasting in the minds of audi More

Introduction and Purpose:  The creation of spaces, the giving of particular personality to cities, drawing a mental perspective for people and reputation of cities have particular importance; most cities and places seek to be unique and lasting in the minds of audience who are trying to Define and consolidate their urban brand. The purpose of this study is strategic planning of urban branding in tourism industry. Research method: The methodology of this study from purpose type is practical and type in terms of method and nature is descriptive-survey. with using cluster sampling method, structural equations modeling by Imus software was fitted model and analyzed. First, doing description and preparation of necessary data to test the hypotheses, then analyze the relationships between the variables, and finally doing compare the observed results with the results that hypotheses expected. Findings: Research findings show fulfill Stakeholder’s expectations, Financial limitations and Lack of understanding`s managers, explaining the urban branding strategy and its process are considered as effective causal factor on strategic planning of urban branding in the tourism industry. Conclusion: The creation, improvement and development of urban brand programs with using the urban branding strategic planning model will enhance the city's position, economic, social development of the city and attract tourists. Keywords: Urban Brand, Urban Branding, Urban Branding Strategy, Tourism Industry Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

121 - Investigating the status of organizational culture with the approach of participatory culture strategy in Tehran Urban Research and Planning Center
ELHAM AMIRI Kaveh Teymournejad leila saeidi

10.30495/ums.2024.23130

  Introduction and Objective: A strong organizational culture can be recognized as a primary factor in fostering collaboration and participation among employees. The aim of this article is to examine the status of organizational culture using a participatory c More

  Introduction and Objective: A strong organizational culture can be recognized as a primary factor in fostering collaboration and participation among employees. The aim of this article is to examine the status of organizational culture using a participatory culture strategy approach at the Tehran Urban Studies and Planning Center. Method: This study is considered applied-developmental research, based on quantitative data collection through questionnaires. The statistical population consists of managers and employees of the Tehran Urban Studies and Planning Center, totaling 155 individuals. The sample size was determined to be 110 individuals using Cochran's formula. Results: After ensuring the adequacy of model fit, the structural equation model was confirmed based on the research pattern and recent changes in confirmatory factor analysis. Since the model fit was good, there was no need to remove indicators from the model or draw covariance between errors. Conclusion:: Based on the results of structural equations, the path coefficient from internal environment to main phenomenon is 0.87, from external environment to main phenomenon is 0.59, from external environment to moderating factors is 0.61, from main phenomenon to moderating factors is 0.68, from institutional requirements to moderating factors is 0.79, and from moderating factors to outcomes is 0.69.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

122 - Prioritization of Sport Development Strategies in Shahrood City with Reverse Logistics Approach
meysam ghanbariyan Ali Fahiminezhad bagher morsal Mahdi Godarzi

10.30495/ums.2023.22643

Introduction and purpose: Gradually, organizations and institutions for the purpose of holding sports events, as well as companies producing sports products, with the limitation of legal boundaries, will not have much choice to use reverse logistics processes in their a More

Introduction and purpose: Gradually, organizations and institutions for the purpose of holding sports events, as well as companies producing sports products, with the limitation of legal boundaries, will not have much choice to use reverse logistics processes in their activities. The aim of the research is to provide optimal strategies for the development of reverse logistics of sports in Shahrood city. Method: it was of mixed exploratory type; First, the effective factors on the development of reverse logistics in Shahrood sports were determined from the method of qualitative content analysis and conducting interviews with experts. 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached. In the quantitative phase, a researcher-made questionnaire was compiled from the extracted components; By distributing among the statistical samples (127 people), data was collected and categories were prioritized. To determine the formal and content validity, the said questionnaire was distributed again among 11 professors and experts, and suitable suggestions were included in the final questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine reliability and its value was more than 0.70 for each variable, and the questionnaire had the necessary reliability. Findings: It showed that among the identified strategies, "politicization in Shahrood sports based on environmental goals" should be given the highest priority. Conclusion: It is suggested that systems be designed for easy return of products to the origin and be easily available to customers; Sports products should be introduced transparently to build trust; and provide the highest quality sports products and services to be effective in the development of sports activities.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

123 - Designing the model of organizational culture based on participatory culture strategy approach in the Tehran Urban Research and Planning Center
ELHAM AMIRI Kaveh Teymournejad leila saeidi

10.30495/ums.2023.23121

Introduction and purpose: A strong Organizational culture can be recognized as a primary factor in creating collaboration and participation among employees. The aim of this article is to present a model of organizational culture with an emphasis on participatory culture More

Introduction and purpose: A strong Organizational culture can be recognized as a primary factor in creating collaboration and participation among employees. The aim of this article is to present a model of organizational culture with an emphasis on participatory culture in the Tehran Urban Research and Planning Center.Research Method: The current research paradigm is interpretive, and from the perspective of the user audience, it is applied-developmental, with a theoretical approach in this research being inductive-comparative. The expert panel of this research includes managers and experts from the Tehran Municipality, consisting of 16 experienced individuals based on theoretical saturation. In this study, the thematic analysis technique by Braun and Clarke (2006) was used.RESULT: After conducting the review and standardization phase, all themes were categorized into 5 main themes and 23 sub-themes.Research Conclusion: The 5 main themes include internal environment, external environment, institutional requirements, moderating factors, and consequences. The sub-themes include structural and organizational areas, productivity, human capital management, managerial aspects, laws and regulations, adaptability of capabilities, capacities and culturalization processes, political-social-cultural flows, economic-technological aspects, international and organizational-administrative aspects; legal requirements; normative and professional aspects; systematic participatory culture; effectiveparticipatory culture; value-added participatory culture; result-oriented and quality-oriented participatory culture; accountable and transparent participatory culture; healthy participatory culture; ethical participatory culture; future-oriented and purposeful participatory culture; rule-based participatory culture; disciplined and ethical participatory culture; development-oriented and innovative participatory culture; manager-centered participatory culture   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

124 - Strategy of Small Municipalities' Income Management Promotion by Emphasizing Budgeting Case Study Shahdieh Municipality
میرنجف موسوی رحیم سرور علی باقری کشکولی

Introduction: Municipalities as one of the most active urban institutions are responsible for widespread functions and services, so that all their financial activities, such as income and costs and their multiple programs and tasks is done in budget framework laws. So b More

Introduction: Municipalities as one of the most active urban institutions are responsible for widespread functions and services, so that all their financial activities, such as income and costs and their multiple programs and tasks is done in budget framework laws. So budgeting technique has got a very important and vital role in achieving the goals of municipalities. The main goal of this paper is presenting the operational budget strategies to enhance revenue management of Shahdieh Municipality that this goal, has been done by studying the procedures and methods of budgeting of Shahdieh. Method: our method is "descriptive analysis". For statistical data analysis we have used of t-test, Wilcoxon test and the Friedman statistics. Results: revenues from general tax of the municipality of Shahdieh from 49.7 percent in 1380 have been decreased to 29.4 percent in 1387. The increasing costs during the current municipal revenues over 1381- 87 with year separation respectively equivalents 24.3 percent, 26.2 percent, 29.8 percent, 28.1 percent, 16.9 percent and 29 percent has continued in distance between 1386- 87. Conclusion: The results show that the budgeting of municipality of Shahdieh as an important indicator to the performance planning and evaluation capabilities has not been able to help to the urban management. Indeed, division and classification of costs in the current municipality is not a suitable and reliable basis for decision making, planning and control of function. So one of the main reasons for the weakness in budgeting system of municipality of Shahdieh is lack of specialist staffing and experts in budgeting. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

125 - Research and technology development strategies in the agricultural product production system: the case of tobacco production
Abdolhalim Kor Mahammad sharif sharifzadeh Hamid Balali Reza Movahedi

10.30495/jaeer.2023.69852.10946

Sustainability and productivity in agricultural section requires the development and use of appropriate research technologies. For this reason, all countries are trying to provide the basis for deepening research in all matters. The aim of this study was to investigate More

Sustainability and productivity in agricultural section requires the development and use of appropriate research technologies. For this reason, all countries are trying to provide the basis for deepening research in all matters. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of tobacco company's research system in the agricultural section and to examine the bottlenecks and challenges of this system and to provide appropriate strategies to improve capacity and improve its functions in order to be effective in the agricultural field. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical with a survey approach. The data collection tools in this study were interviews, focus group formation and questionnaires in different stages of the study which were analyzed using SWOT analysis model. Results of the study showed that the strategic position of the research system of the tobacco company is defensive and Based on the review and analysis, 8 defensive strategies were developed to increase the capacities of the research system, and with the help of the Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM), the strategies were prioritized. And based on that, establishing efficient interaction with regulatory and governmental institutions with the approach of supporting domestic production with a relative attractiveness of 3.41, reviewing the organizational structure with the approach of integrating processes and coordinating research and production activities with a numerical value of 2.881 have been given high priority.Also, other adaptive strategies in the field, paying attention to research findings, human resource management, organizational culture and constructive interaction with scientific societies were also emphasized. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

126 - Analysis of Regional Strategies for Agricultural Development in Hamedan Province
Shadali Tohidloo Moosa azami Mohsen Ahadnejad Reveshty

Regional planning is one of the important issues in community development. The purpose of this article was to analyze agricultural regional development strategies using an analytical- descriptive method. The area of the study was Hamedan province with 9 townships that t More

Regional planning is one of the important issues in community development. The purpose of this article was to analyze agricultural regional development strategies using an analytical- descriptive method. The area of the study was Hamedan province with 9 townships that the necessary data and information were gathered using both a deep documentary review and an applied survey. TODIM software was applied to analyze the data. Also, in order to classify the collected data based on different region, GIS software used accordingly and at the end, using SWOT analytical some regional strategies for agricultural development of the study area were proposed. The main findings showed that there is obvious differentiation between 9 townships of the province based on agricultural indicators.  In this case, based on the results obtained, Malayer Township (T=1) was identified the developed region and Famenin Township (T=0) as the poorest or undeveloped one. In this study, findings indicate that in undeveloped area, Defensive Approach as the Focal Approach or main approach in SWOT analysis. However, in developing area, the Revision Approach and in developed area Offensive Approach were recognized as suitable approach accordingly Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

127 - Effect of layered sandy soil configuration on dispersion coefficient of nonreactive contaminant
روژین نگهدار Behrouz Mehdinejadiani

In this research, the transport process of a non-reactive contaminant through layered sandy soils and dispersion coefficient behavior in different configurations of these soils were investigated. Tracer tests included pollution and leaching experiments conducted in a sa More

In this research, the transport process of a non-reactive contaminant through layered sandy soils and dispersion coefficient behavior in different configurations of these soils were investigated. Tracer tests included pollution and leaching experiments conducted in a sandbox with dimensions of 130 cm×10 cm×60 cm. Three types of homogeneous sandy soils (coarse, medium and fine) as a control and six types of layered sandy soils were studied.The results showed that in the homogeneous sandy soils, the dispersion coefficient increased with increasing particle size of sand. For example, the dispersion coefficients of the coarse sandy soil in the pollution and leaching experiments were 8.46 and 7.91 orders of magnitude larger than the dispersion coefficients of the fine sandy soil, respectively. In the layered sandy soils, the type of configuration and the order of layers at each configuration influenced dispersion coefficient. In the pollution and leaching experiments, the least values of dispersion coefficients were equal to 12.50 cm2/min and 17.16 cm2/min, respectively, which were observed in the perpendicular configuration with stratification of coarse-medium-fine. However, the most values of dispersion coefficients in the pollution and leaching experiments were equal to 32.56 cm2/min and 37.31 cm2/min, respectively, which were obtained in the parallel configuration with stratification of coarse-fine- medium (from bottom to top). The dispersion coefficients of the layered sandy soils differed significantly from those of the homogeneous sandy soils. The transport process in the layered sandy soils, compared to the homogeneous sandy soils, had a more deviation from Fickian transport. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

128 - Ecological Urbanism By Providing Ecological Urban Design Criteria in District 4 of Tehran
Anahid Malekmarzban Seyed-Majid Mofidi-Shemirani

10.30495/jest.2022.32240.4025

Background and Objective: Urban changes related to sustainability in primary cause more destruction in the cities every day and the need of more attention to modern methods of urban development. The overall objective of this study is Ecological Urban Development to rede More

Background and Objective: Urban changes related to sustainability in primary cause more destruction in the cities every day and the need of more attention to modern methods of urban development. The overall objective of this study is Ecological Urban Development to redefine cities in order to change to a network and system with positive impacts alongside human culture and ecology. Realization of this approach requires to develop programs and revise as an inevitable necessity. Metropolis like Tehran are facing with a set of ecological challenges. Material and Methodology: The method used in the present study is based on descriptive and analytical practices. Due to the different complexities exist in Tehran, choose District 4 of Tehran for instance for more practical investigation and providing detailed solutions, emphasizing on the validity of macro-ecological strategies. The identification of issues, development of ecological visions and goals of the region by using a combination of methods and SWOT matrix. Then, the urban ecological criteria and strategies are developed, prioritized and the contribution of each sub-area has been identified in these strategies. Findings: The research findings of district4 show that the most important strategy is related to air and sound quality, land use compatibility and green space growth. The main minor field in this district are transportation, green spaces, restoring identity, urban safety, land use, demand for land, water and energy. Results can be used by experts, managers, organizations. Discussion and Conclusion: Implementing ecological criteria is a tool for conservation of resources and sustainable urban development. Physical, environmental dimensions are in the top priority, also urban and regional texture strategies are most important in Region 4. The applied method can be generalized in other district of Tehran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

129 - Prediction of the results of implementation of air pollution control strategies using the Geo-Artificial Neural Network for Tehran metropolis
Mehran Ghoddousi Farideh Atabi Jafar Nouri Alireza Gharagozlu

10.22034/jest.2019.23618.3275

Background and Objective: Predicting the results of the implementation of strategic air pollution control policies is the first and most important challenge for Tehran municipality. The main objective of this study was to define a specific method for assessing the resul More

Background and Objective: Predicting the results of the implementation of strategic air pollution control policies is the first and most important challenge for Tehran municipality. The main objective of this study was to define a specific method for assessing the result of urban air pollution controlling strategies in Tehran metropolis using a multi-dimensional decision support system. Method: First, the most appropriate air pollution control strategies were selected based on existing conditions and structures in each zone of the city and then weighed according to selected criteria. Based on the spatial monitoring of air pollution formation patterns in the past and present time, as well as the analysis of their effects, the results of implementing air pollution control strategies were simulated using Geo-Artificial Neural Network models. In the next step, variables of time series and uncertainty variables were simulated for predicting the potential future air pollution patterns and finally, the results of the defined control strategies were evaluated based on spatial thematic layers. Findings: Definition of final clusters of air quality control strategies, weighting and ranking of the selected policies based on defined criteria have been the first findings of this research. Also, extraction of time series zoning based on the data collected during a four-year period, as well as simulation of the baseline scenario models and spatial data layers of their output were among the achievements of this study. Finally, the modeling of the predictive variables, design of the air quality control software and the prediction of the results of the the implementation of air pollution control strategies were presented. The results showed that by applying the Geo-Artificial Neural Network models (GANN), the urban managers could effectively predict the results of implementing the air pollution control strategies. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the spatio-temporal analysis supports the process of evaluation and prediction of the effects of pollution and can be used to determine the best pollution control strategies for the zones affected by air pollution. The final results of GANN models indicate that if the selected strategies are implemented based on the scenarios defined, in the "optimistic scenario", air quality in all areas of Tehran is completely stable and remains healthy, while in the "ordinary scenario" will reduce the level of air pollution up to 70 percent in the autumn and winter season if the selected strategies are implemented compared to the lack of implementation of control plans. The final model of the verification process model also confirmed that the pattern of pollution predicted by the model in each of the urban areas had a proper trend and adaptation compared to the pattern of contamination obtained from the actual results of the field data.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

130 - Strategic Planning of Sustainable Development of Ecotourism Utilizes the Integrated Model SWOT and ANP (Case Study: Dareh Anjir Wildlife Refuge)
maryam morovati Samaneh Akbarian

10.22034/jest.2020.26237.3520

Background and Objective: This study aims to achieve a comprehensive assessment on capabilities and feasibility of developing sustainable ecotourism in Dareh-Anjir Wildlife Refuge and Neybaz, using hybrid model SWOT and network analysis. Method: The questionnaires were More

Background and Objective: This study aims to achieve a comprehensive assessment on capabilities and feasibility of developing sustainable ecotourism in Dareh-Anjir Wildlife Refuge and Neybaz, using hybrid model SWOT and network analysis. Method: The questionnaires were completed by thirty experts and indigenous people through snowball sampling. Finally, SWOT matrix used to investigate strengths and weaknesses and the opportunities and threats in the field of sustainable ecotourism strategies to deal with these threats and exploit opportunities for sustainable ecotourism were presented. Network analysis (ANP) used to prioritize the internal and external environment factors and rate the final solutions in the form of SO, WO, ST, WT. Findings: The final result from the evaluation of internal and external factors is in the form of an aggressive strategy to make the best use of the opportunities and strengths. The results also showed that diversification strategies, reviewing and defense respectively are in the next ranking. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the strategies using ANP model shows that aggressive strategy is a priority in the planning for sustainable development of ecotourism in this region and for this should use natural functionality, attractiveness and prospects of the region, and with more advertisement of the region and make international projects such as cheetahs project, ecotourism area maintained and developed. The results of this study can be used in the implementation of protective measures for further administrative ecotourism industry in habitats of Yazd province.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

131 - Landslide Modeling with Strategy Management in Urban Planning (The Case Study: Tabriz City)
ziba Beheshti Alirezeza Gharaguzlu Seyed Masoud Monavari MirMasoud Kheirkhah Zarkesh

10.30495/jest.2022.50588.4985

Background and Objective: Due to increasing constructions on clay and marl hells in part of Tabriz and because of the unfavorable quality and characteristics of the soil and its liquefaction during earthquake, the area is also exposed to the risk of landside. This paper More

Background and Objective: Due to increasing constructions on clay and marl hells in part of Tabriz and because of the unfavorable quality and characteristics of the soil and its liquefaction during earthquake, the area is also exposed to the risk of landside. This paper attempts to demonstrate the risk of landslide in Tabriz using visual and statistical evidence. Material and Methodogy: landside susceptibility assessment was performed by means of Evidential Belief Function Model. Then The environmental impacts assessment of landslide were performed using promethean II model in three environmental, economic, and social phases, and at end, the landslide strategy plan was developed to help decision makers, the statistics used in this research are related to year 2016. Findings: 82/9% of Tabriz areas are at risk of landslides. High construction densities were identified with residential areas below 75 m2. Access to the city’s road network is less than 30%. 142 hectares in health centers, 853hec in facilities and equipment, 430hecin urban green space deficiency was identified. More than 70% of vital centers require strengthening. Discussion and conclusion: required zones in medical department, security, urban green space, vital centers require strengthening, facilities and equipment presented. The average landslide velocity from 1956 to 2020 is 41/65 meter. High slope and location difference, the texture of the earth and its non-dense layers, northern slope snow catcher, fine texture, the gradual erosion of sediments is effective in creating landslides over time. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

132 - The Effectiveness of Selecting the Most Effective Carbon Disclosure Strategy in the Presence of Stakeholder Anomic
Sahar Amani Babadi Alah karam Salehi Mohammad Khodamoradi Alireza Jorjorzadeh

10.30495/jest.2021.61156.5407

Background and Objective: Stakeholder anomie in the social environment with the aim of increasing the level of sustainable functions, affects the environmental performance of companies and causes companies in a competitive environment, relying on behavioral and professi More

Background and Objective: Stakeholder anomie in the social environment with the aim of increasing the level of sustainable functions, affects the environmental performance of companies and causes companies in a competitive environment, relying on behavioral and professional approaches, provide information to satisfy social expectations. One of these approaches is carbon exposure strategies based on the stakeholders’ social pressures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of selecting the most effective carbon disclosure strategy in the presence of stakeholder anomic themes.Material and Methodology:  In this study, which was conducted during 2020-2021, Efforts were made to use the participation of two groups of people in the target community at the university and the capital market level. Based on the nature of research in the qualitative section, from two Meta-synthesis and Delphi and in the quantitative research section, use Interpretive Ranking Process (IRP).Fidings: The results in the qualitative section, by examining 29 screened studies, confirmed the 5 stakeholder anomic propositions of stakeholders as analysis criteria and 4 strategic components of carbon disclosure as use Interpretive Ranking Process rules. Then, based on IRP, the findings show that among the 5 stakeholder anomies, stakeholder normative anomie is the most important effective proposition in carbon disclosure. It was also found that the strategy of carbon voluntary disclosure, based on the normative anomie of stakeholders, is the most important strategy in the disclosure of carbon functions by companies that can help develop interactions at the competitive market.Discussion & Conclusion; The results indicate that in order to protect the interests of stakeholders, companies disclose carbon as a sustainable reporting through voluntary strategic approaches and by providing such environmental reports, while increasing public trust, establish the effective interactions with stakeholders. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

133 - Evaluation of the effects of SSP scenarios of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) on water resources and agricultural crop in Hashtgerd region with the approach of applying an adaptation strategy
Mostafa Rezayi zaman Ali Reza Massah Bavani Saman Javadi

10.30495/jest.2023.65251.5606

Background and Objective: Considering the not very suitable state of the country's water resources as well as the phenomenon of climate change and its effects, simulating the state of climate change in the future and evaluating its effects in order to reduce vulnerabili More

Background and Objective: Considering the not very suitable state of the country's water resources as well as the phenomenon of climate change and its effects, simulating the state of climate change in the future and evaluating its effects in order to reduce vulnerability and deal with it can be very important in future decisions. In this regard, in order to reduce the negative effects of climate change and benefit from its possible positive effects in watersheds, various adaptation strategies are presented. In this research, adaptation to climate change in the agricultural sector under the CMIP6-SSP climate change scenarios has been investigated and evaluated. Considering the characteristics of the Hashtgerd region and the risks that threaten agriculture in the region, this research tries to have a comprehensive view of this system. For this purpose, adaptation strategies to reduce the negative effects of climate change in the agricultural sector were evaluated. Material and Methodology:  In this research, the SWAT model was used to simulate and evaluate the adaptive strategy in Hashtgerd region in 2018. To model climate change conditions in the region, the NorESM2-MM climate model related to the 6th IPCC report and different SSP scenarios (SSP1.26, SSP2.54, SSP3.70, SSP 5.85) were used and minimum and maximum temperature data and the precipitation were downscaled for the years 2020 to 2049. After calculating the changes in temperature and rainfall compared to the current conditions, the values of these changes were applied to the SWAT model in order to investigate its effect on the water resources of Hashtgerd region. Finally, the values of water stress and crop performance were estimated under the conditions of climate change. Findings: The results indicated an average increase in water stress and also a decrease in yield of crops other than corn in all SSP scenarios. After evaluating the effects of climate change in the region, in order to adapt to these changes in the agricultural sector, two adaptation strategies were used 1) The strategy of changing the cultivation pattern from tomato and alfalfa crops to wheat and barley and 2) Changing the cultivation pattern from tomato and alfalfa to corn. These strategies were evaluated with criteria such as changes in water stress and yield of crops compared to BAU conditions. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that changing the cultivation pattern to wheat and barley has reduced the water stress of regional crops. In general, in the strategy of changing the cultivation pattern, the yield of all three crops, wheat, barley and corn, was increased compared to the BAU strategy. In the strategy of changing the cultivation pattern to corn, a significant reduction in water stress was estimated and, accordingly, the yield of this product was acceptable. This increase in performance is due to the reduction of water stress caused by the increase in available water. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

134 - Determination of Optimal Operation Strategy for CAES in Fluctuating-Hourly Electricity Market with High Renewable Wind Power Penetration (Case Study: Khorasan Regional Electricity Co.)
Mahdi Ghaemi Asl Mostafa Salimifar Mostafa Rajabi Mashhadi Mohammad Hossien Mahdavi Adeli

Background and Purpose: With influx of sustainable and renewable energy with high penetration into the production system, Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) could be used for creation of an acceptable adequate and smooth Electricity production system. CAES plants oper More

Background and Purpose: With influx of sustainable and renewable energy with high penetration into the production system, Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) could be used for creation of an acceptable adequate and smooth Electricity production system. CAES plants operate on electricity markets by storing energy when electricity prices are low and producing electricity when prices are high. An essential condition for the profitability of the CAES in hybrid systems is appropriate strategy for CAES operation about the sale and purchase of energy. This study aimed to determine optimal operating strategy for CAES systems fluctuating-hourly electricity market with high penetration of renewable wind power. Method: In this study, with simulation of production system of Khorasan Regional Electricity Company power plants which among all, the theoretical optimal strategy provides the highest net income for the storage unit. But since the market price of the upcoming hourly-fluctuating market is not pre-determined, two prognostic and historical practical-operational strategies have used for Setting up compressed air energy storage system. Findings: The results show that prognostic and historical practical-operational strategies, on average have 93% and 89% of theoretical optimal strategy s’ net income, respectively, in all six simulated capacities for compressed air energy storage system. Discussion and Counclusion: Based on the results, it is necessary to use power storage in order to increase grid stability and reliability of production in hybrid systems with high renewable power penetration; because a Black-Start must be ready in grid for Possible Black-Out situations which could provide load of grid in the least possible time. Use a CAES could be a great way that not only guarantees reliability and stability of grid in emergencies, but also is economically feasible and have operational suitable profit. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

135 - Analyzing the Strategies of Rehabilitation of Shahrood River by SWOT Technique
Asadollah divsalar Pari shokri firoozjah Sajad ferdowsi

Background and Objective: Due to the expansion of cities, rivers are considered among the last places where somehow represent the presence of nature in cities. However this spaces are opportunities that have been abandoned and ignored, and despite much potential they pr More

Background and Objective: Due to the expansion of cities, rivers are considered among the last places where somehow represent the presence of nature in cities. However this spaces are opportunities that have been abandoned and ignored, and despite much potential they propose, they are not being used properly. In this regard, the main objective of the present study is recovery and rehabilitation of rivers and streams which yet have been rendering only their first function as passing runoff while their other capacity is left unused. In this regard, with proper planning and management and the use of suitable strategies, such spaces can be restored to use cycle. Method: This study is a descriptive-analytical type and the data and information have been collected through field studies and and documents. This study examines the river of Shahrood as a case study. Data and information gathered are analyzed using the SWOT technique. Results: SWOT matrix analysis shows that the restoration of Shahrood River is highly important for transportation and diversification strategies. Similarly, the second, third and forth priorities are the use of aggressive strategies, defensive strategies and direction of change strategies, respectively. In addition, from special aspects, diversification strategies are more important than the others, and the second, third and forth priorities are use of aggressive strategies, defensive strategies and direction of change strategies, respectively. In this regard, in terms of environmental and recreational activities, diversification strategies are placed in first priority, defensive strategies are placed in second priority, aggressive strategies are placed in third priority and direction of change strategies are in fourth priority. Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that rehabilitation of study area is the first priority for dealing with the threats of the external environment. Also results of SWOT analysis techniques show that variety of strategies is first priority for rehabilitation of study area. Therefore, it is must to adopt some mechanisms for prevention of negative impact of external threats using the strength of the internal environment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

136 - Positioning waste management laws in comparison with France's laws and utilizing the Strategic Position and Action Evaluation (SPACE) matrix
Jafar Nouri Seyed Abbas Pourhashemi Reza Arjmandi Fatemeh Alimardani

Introduction:In this study, a comparative analysis has been made between the environmental laws and regulationsrelated to waste in Iran (as a developing country) and France (as a developed country) to presentmanagement solutions using three models of QSPM, SPACE and SWO More

Introduction:In this study, a comparative analysis has been made between the environmental laws and regulationsrelated to waste in Iran (as a developing country) and France (as a developed country) to presentmanagement solutions using three models of QSPM, SPACE and SWOT.Materials and Methods:In the present study, the two systems were initially identified, assessed and analyzed by comparativeanalysis, and after the completion of related questionnaires by some of the professors and experts ofEnvironment and Energy Faculty, the data were normalized. Then the superior strategies of SWOTwere identified by the QSPM model and employed in presenting management solutions.Results and Discussion:Strategic Position and Action Evaluation (SPACE) matrix showed that Iran laws were in a defensiveposition and this means that the internal weaknesses must be rectified and the external threats must beavoided. For the effectiveness of management solutions for reducing adverse effects of waste,rectification of the following legal issues should be given priority: enacting Environmental NationalPolicy law, establishing an environmental special commission in the country’s parliament,establishing special courts for environmental crimes, employing Justice Ministry official experts toaccelerate the settlement of environmental records, amending the law enforcement procedures,motivating and supporting the private sector in recycling the waste from laboratories and hospitals,expediting the preparation of a list of special wastes and providing the necessary legal facilities forreducing the volume of special wastes, and enacting binding legislations for application of up-to-datestandards and environmentally friendly technologies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

137 - Modeling and Identifying Hierarchy of the Effective Measures of Negative Criteria Skewness on Stock Returns and the Extra Sigma of Stock Price Crash Risk in the Tehran Stock Exchange with Panel Data Approach
Rosam Ranjbar navi Mohsen Hamidian Ali Baghani

The aim of this study Modeling and Identifying Hierarchy of the Effective Measures of Negative Criteria Skewness on Stock Returns and the Extra Sigma of Stock Price Crash Risk in the Tehran Stock Exchange with Panel Data Approach. For this purpose, the financial stateme More

The aim of this study Modeling and Identifying Hierarchy of the Effective Measures of Negative Criteria Skewness on Stock Returns and the Extra Sigma of Stock Price Crash Risk in the Tehran Stock Exchange with Panel Data Approach. For this purpose, the financial statements of 119 companies were collected during the period 1390-1396. Multivariate regression with panel data was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study indicate that debt maturity, conservatism, political connection, financial constraint, stock liquidity, business strategy and institutional ownership are the most important factors influencing stock prices crash risk.The findings of the study indicate that debt maturity, conservatism, political connection, financial constraint, stock liquidity, business strategy and institutional ownership are the most important factors influencing stock prices crash risk. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

138 - Modeling and Identifying Hierarchy of the Effective Measures of DUVOL Criteria and the period of falling stock prices in Tehran Stock Exchange with Panel Data Approach
Rosam Ranjbar navi Mohsen Hamidian Ali Baghani

The aim of this study Modeling and Identifying Hierarchy of the Effective Measures of DUVOL on Stock Returns and the period of falling stock prices in Tehran Stock Exchange with Panel Data Approach. For this purpose, the financial statements of 119 companies were collec More

The aim of this study Modeling and Identifying Hierarchy of the Effective Measures of DUVOL on Stock Returns and the period of falling stock prices in Tehran Stock Exchange with Panel Data Approach. For this purpose, the financial statements of 119 companies were collected during the period 1390-1396. Multivariate regression with panel data was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study indicate that debt maturity, conservatism, political connection, financial constraint, stock liquidity, business strategy and institutional ownership are the most important factors influencing stock prices crash risk.The aim of this study Modeling and Identifying Hierarchy of the Effective Measures of DUVOL on Stock Returns and the period of falling stock prices in Tehran Stock Exchange with Panel Data Approach. For this purpose, the financial statements of 119 companies were collected during the period 1390-1396. Multivariate regression with panel data was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study indicate that debt maturity, conservatism, political connection, financial constraint, stock liquidity, business strategy and institutional ownership are the most important factors influencing stock prices crash risk. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

139 - Contratum dominance over momentum and reverse: Evidence from the Iranian capital market
ali timori ashtiani mohsen hamidian seyedeh mahboobeh jafari

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of combining the ranking period and the maintenance period of classical momentum and contrarian strategies and evaluate the performance of portfolios resulting from hybrid strategies in comparison wit More

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of combining the ranking period and the maintenance period of classical momentum and contrarian strategies and evaluate the performance of portfolios resulting from hybrid strategies in comparison with classical strategies. For this purpose, using the information of 120 companies in the period 2011 to 2020, the amount of excess return, the explanatory power of excess return by the risk factors of the seven-factor model Fama and French and the explanatory power of future return by excess return of hybid strategy and classical strategy are evaluated and compared.The results show that contratum (contractionary hybrid) strategy, which rank like contrarian strategies in the long run but are maintained in the medium term like momentum strategies, perform better than momentum and contrarin strategies. In addition, even after controlling risk factors (Fama and French seven-factor model), contratum, contrarian and momentum investment strategies in the Iranian capital market are profitable. Finally, the results of the present study support the explanatory power and more predictive power of the excess return of the contratum strategy than the classical strategies for future returns. Therefore, the contribution of the present study is to provide evidence of excess return and performance of the new hybrid strategy is much higher than the classic investment strategies proven in the Iran capital market. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

140 - Designing a Business Marketing Model with a Social and Political Approach and Its Reporting Method
Hamidreza Teimouri Kambiz Shahroodi ali esmaelzadeh Farzin Farahbod

Business can be a viewed as an architecture for product, service and flow of information that includes a description of different business elements, their role, the potential advantages of each of these agents and their sources of income. Election is an important socio- More

Business can be a viewed as an architecture for product, service and flow of information that includes a description of different business elements, their role, the potential advantages of each of these agents and their sources of income. Election is an important socio-political phenomenon that is discussed from a business and a marketing perspective. The purpose of the present study is to design a political marketing model with emphasis on the 8th and 9th parliamentary elections. The research is descriptive; and in terms of purpose, it is applied. The statistical population in the qualitative section, includes policy experts, representatives of the Parliament, and in the quantitative section, includes students in political and social sciences and business management. The data collection tool in the qualitative part is interview, and in the quantitative part is questionnaire. SEM-PLS method is used for data analysis by Smart PLS3. The findings indicate that two factors influence political marketing strategies: the requirements for effective political orientation in the election competition and identifying the need of voting market. The outcomes of implementing it include designing the right product in accordance with core demands of the voting market, selling ideas/candidates and achieving votes and it is affected by considering the conditions and elements involved in the effective presence of political orientations in elections and assessment of target market needs. These lead to achieving proper vote rating and main goals in the voting market, through continuous monitoring of the environment and having influential marketing and publicity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

141 - A hybrid metaheuristic model in the Forex market to optimize investment strategies based on market trend forecasting
alireza sadeghi mehdi madanchi zaj amir daneshvar

Determining the appropriate strategy for buying or selling in the foreign exchange market is very important for companies to cover exchange rate fluctuations against the national currency. This study proposes a new approach based on genetic algorithms and support vector More

Determining the appropriate strategy for buying or selling in the foreign exchange market is very important for companies to cover exchange rate fluctuations against the national currency. This study proposes a new approach based on genetic algorithms and support vector machines for trading in the foreign exchange market.In this research, a new algorithm with the ability to generate technical rules for investment based on forecast certainty is presented. For prediction, a combination of the Combined Support Vector Machine (HSVM) algorithm for classifying the market into three different classes (uptrend, downtrend, sideway) and a dynamic genetic algorithm for optimizing trading rules based on several technical indicators Different has been used. Rials-dollar pair data is used as training and test data for the period between 1392 and 1398. The proposed architecture for machine learning, as well as the implementation and study of the proposed trading system are fully described. The research shows promising results during the test period in which the return on investment was 129%. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

142 - To Investigate Relation between Business Strategies and Overvalued Equity on Stock ‎Price Crash Risk with regard to intermediate role of companies’ ownership
Mohammad Roozbeh abdollah rajabi khanghah hamidreza kordlouie

Companies generally use aggressive and defensive strategies. The directors of aggressive companies tend to keep bad news confidential, therefore, Information Asymmetry in these companies is higher than defensive companies. So, the goal of this research is to investigate More

Companies generally use aggressive and defensive strategies. The directors of aggressive companies tend to keep bad news confidential, therefore, Information Asymmetry in these companies is higher than defensive companies. So, the goal of this research is to investigate Relation between Business Strategies and Overvalued Equity on Stock &lrm;Price Crash Risk with regard to intermediate role of companies’ ownership. Thus, the financial information of 91 companies listed in the Stock Exchange of which 14 ones with institutional entities and 77 companies with corporate ownership, has been used within years 2012 to 2017. The results figure out that business strategy has a positive and significant relationship with the overvalued equity and stock price crash risk; type of company’s ownership has not impacted on this relation, that is, in the companies with aggressive business strategy, stock price crash risk and overvalued equity are higher. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

143 - Financial Reporting Quality, Investment Horizon، and Institutional Investor Trading Strategies
Hamidreza Mehravar negar khosravipour zahra Lashgari

Frequent changes in the balance between trading strategies based on existing conditions are very useful. It is necessary to be sure of the optimal combination of strategies used at regular intervals, Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the quality of More

Frequent changes in the balance between trading strategies based on existing conditions are very useful. It is necessary to be sure of the optimal combination of strategies used at regular intervals, Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the quality of financial reporting, investment horizon and trading strategy of institutional investors of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research has been conducted in 135 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange that have been selected based on the systematic elimination method. Also, this research has been done based on the information contained in the financial reports of companies in the period of 2009 to 2018. The method used is regression based on panel data. The results of the study regression model showed that the quality of financial reporting has a significant and positive effect on the relationship between short-term (long-term) institutional investors' horizons and trading strategy. In addition, the research findings indicate that the quality of financial reporting has a greater impact on the relationship between long-term institutional investors and trading strategy than short-term institutional investors. The results showed that when institutional investors have a long-term investment outlook and a low turnover, they have sufficient incentive to encourage managers to improve the quality of financial reporting and disclosure and to monitor managers' behavior. But short-term institutional shareholders are temporary investors who pay more attention to current earnings in determining stock prices, Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

144 - Investigating the relationship between market orientation in order to create and develop new products on the company's financial performance (focusing on Iran Dairy Company (Pegah))
Maryam Kazemi Iman Abadi Mohammad Taleghani narges Delafrooz

What experienced today is a huge shift from material resources to knowledge. Physical and financial assets are now necessary but insufficient to achieve the goals of the organization. Instead, knowledge, technology settings, good customer relations, information systems, More

What experienced today is a huge shift from material resources to knowledge. Physical and financial assets are now necessary but insufficient to achieve the goals of the organization. Instead, knowledge, technology settings, good customer relations, information systems, etc., which constitute the intellectual capital of the organization, are recognized as the key factors of success in the information age. It believed that intellectual capital, including human capital and structural capital, has an increasing role in the performance of the company and is effective on its financial achievements such as market value, profitability, productivity, etc. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between tendencies to the market is in line with the creation and development of new products on the financial performance of Iran Dairy Industries Company (Pegah). In terms of implementation method, this research is a descriptive research from the correlation branch and from the survey group and is cross-sectional in terms of time. ‌15 production companies and 5 sales areas of Iran Dairy Industries Company (Pegah) were considered as the research community . The results showed that the market orientation from the sub-section of innovation strategy in the direction of the tendency to create new products has an impact on the financial performance of the company and this effect is significant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

145 - Measuring investment strategies, light or heavy assets and debt multiplication based on consistent decisions in industry group companies
mahmoud kochakzadeh tahamtan Fraydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti HAMIDREZA KORDLOUIE shadi shahverdiani maziar ghasemi

AbstractThis study evaluates investment strategies, light or heavy assets and debt multiplication based on consistent decisions in industry group companies. For this research, a sample of 104 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange was selected.In this study, inve More

AbstractThis study evaluates investment strategies, light or heavy assets and debt multiplication based on consistent decisions in industry group companies. For this research, a sample of 104 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange was selected.In this study, investment strategies, light or heavy assets and debt multiplication were measured based on consistent decisions in companies in the industry group for the period 1394 to 1399, which is a total of 624 observations available for research. In this study, variables were first identified using interviews with experts. The statistical method used in this research is multivariate regression method using data panel method. The results of the research hypotheses show that the company's investment strategies, heavy asset strategy, light asset strategy, debt multiplication strategy of each company are significantly influenced by similar strategies of companies in their industry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

146 - Capital market anomalies and Portfolio – selection Strategies in the Tehran stock market
Shahnaz Nayebzade Qodsiyeh Mahmoudi Kohani

There are numerous studies concerning market anomalies and capital market inefficiencies. The existing evidences challenge the efficient market hypothesis and declare that investors overprice the winners’ stocks while the losers’ are under-priced. This defic More

There are numerous studies concerning market anomalies and capital market inefficiencies. The existing evidences challenge the efficient market hypothesis and declare that investors overprice the winners’ stocks while the losers’ are under-priced. This deficiency will be discovered by the market after a few times and there will be a balance then. The purpose of this paper is to present a new strategy of portfolio selection. This study is an applied research and covers eight years (1382-1389) of 60 firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. The findings reveal that the higher the stock prices of the firms with higher (lower) abnormal accumulated return, the higher (lower) they are priced and finally their return in long-term will be lower (higher). Considering this issue leads to the profitability of the portfolio. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

147 - Price Limit Effects on Stock Prices Behavior: A Contrarian Investment Strategy Approach
Hamid Reza Vakili fard Jalal Seifoddini Arash Abjadpour Hossein Maghsoud

Price limit is a kind of circuit breaker which is used in developing stock exchanges and futures markets to prevent extreme price volatility, price manipulation, and financial crashes. Generally speaking, researchers and market participant usually disagree about price More

Price limit is a kind of circuit breaker which is used in developing stock exchanges and futures markets to prevent extreme price volatility, price manipulation, and financial crashes. Generally speaking, researchers and market participant usually disagree about price limit application, its efficiency, and optimum range. Pros believe although price limit may delay price discovery, it prevents extreme price volatility and overreaction. On the other hand, cons assert that price limit causes price volatility spillover and intensify investor’s overreaction. Since there is no consensus over the price limit application and efficiency, it is recommended to study this issue using different methods. Therefore, we are trying to study price limit effects in Tehran Stock Exchange using Contrarian Investment Strategy. Our results show that price limit application in Tehran Stock Exchange delays price discovery but has nothing to do with investor’s overreaction. Consequently, it seems that regulators have prevented extreme volatility, although this constraint delays price discovery and reduces market efficiency. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

148 - Evaluation of Pairs Trading Strategy Using Distance Approach at Tehran Stock Exchange
Masood Tadi Majid Abkar Vahid Motaharinia

Algorithmic trading has become one of the main strategies in financial industry. This kind of trading involves trading strategies based on computer programs to decide whether to send their orders. Pairs trading strategy is one of the most popular and however, most under More

Algorithmic trading has become one of the main strategies in financial industry. This kind of trading involves trading strategies based on computer programs to decide whether to send their orders. Pairs trading strategy is one of the most popular and however, most understandable strategies in algorithmic trading. To implement a pairs trading strategy we can utilize several approaches or a combination of them. In this paper the distance approach has been considered. In this approach the two stocks that have least square distance between their normalized prices are being chosen for pairs trading. In this study, in order to implement this strategy, shares pair of metallic ores mining industry and price data in the year of 1395 have been selected. The strategies and the test, performance test trading strategies buy and hold strategy compared. In this paper all of stocks are selected from mining of metal ore industry during the first 9 months of the 1392 SH. Finally, the performance of pairs trading strategy is compared with buy and hold strategy and after that the favorable range of threshold and optimum threshold size is calculated.    Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

149 - Relationship between Financial Constraint and Investment Efficiency and Working Capital Strategy
Karim Pouralireza Rasoul Baradaran Hasanzadeh Younes Badavar Nahandi Mehdi Zeynali

Regarding the limitation of resources and as a result of increasing importance of increase in investment efficiency and the important role of working capital in the business of the economic corporations, this study is devoted to the relationship between financial constr More

Regarding the limitation of resources and as a result of increasing importance of increase in investment efficiency and the important role of working capital in the business of the economic corporations, this study is devoted to the relationship between financial constraint and investment efficiency and working capital strategy. Financial data of 171 firms in the time period of 2011-2016 is studied in this research. According to the conducted analyses of the first hypothesis, financial constraint has a positive and meaningful effect on inefficiency of the investment. The second hypothesis showed that financial constraint has no meaningful relationship with the working capital policies .The third hypothesis shows a positive and meaningful relationship between financial constraint and investment inefficiency in companies adopting risky strategies and finally the fourth hypothesis showed no meaningful relationship between financial constraint and investment inefficiency in companies adopting a conservative policy. The general conclusions show that a limitation in resourcing will entail a deviation from favorite investment. Also, the unwanted effect of the financial constraint on effective investment occurs only in companies with risky strategies of working capital and it does not exist in companies with conservative strategies.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

150 - Strategic Performance Analysis
Mohammad Jalili Mousa Ahmadi Elham Asgari

Ultimate goal of each commercial company is rising in wealth of shareholders. Proper function increase Company’s value and ultimately increase the shareholder’s wealth. Companies can’t achieve their goals without any proper strategy and making strategy More

Ultimate goal of each commercial company is rising in wealth of shareholders. Proper function increase Company’s value and ultimately increase the shareholder’s wealth. Companies can’t achieve their goals without any proper strategy and making strategy is a result of performance evaluation of different aspects. economic value added and cash management are two items of internal performance evaluation criteria and today’s  economic value added is considered as the best criteria for internal performance evaluation which is representative of shareholder’s wealth and it has close relation to market value added as an external index of value creation. Two dimensional matrix of financial strategy with a combination of cash management and economic value added considering to company’s position in each area, proposes four financial strategy objectives. In this research, position of food companies accepted in Iran Stock Exchange since 2001 to 2010 are defined in financial strategy matrix and considering to their positions in the matrix proper strategies are proposed for move to better position and ultimately relation between EVA, spread and difference between sales growth rate and sustainable growth rate with changes in MVA during ten years is investigated. Result of this research demonstrates that there is a meaningful relation between EVA and spread with changing MVA. But there is not meaningful relation between difference of sales growth rate and sustainable growth rate and changing MVA. Hence Food Companies accepted in Iran Stock Exchange must enlist other criteria for their own cash management and to evaluate their performance and taking proper financial strategies. Procedure of this research is linear regression analysis and spss software is used for hypotheses examination. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

151 - A Performance Evaluation of Black Swan Strategy
Seyed Jalal Sadeqi Sharif Mohammad Osolian Mandana Abolfathi

The identification of price patterns in inefficient markets and the market with distribution of abnormal returns on the market index, is one of the most important factors of earning return commensurate with the risk.In this regard, when the unexpected and extreme market More

The identification of price patterns in inefficient markets and the market with distribution of abnormal returns on the market index, is one of the most important factors of earning return commensurate with the risk.In this regard, when the unexpected and extreme market fluctuations happen or so-called black swan events, by forming the portfolio at the correct times can gain higher return than market.The main objective of this article consist of analysis of portfolio performance that forming by black sawn strategy than market portfolio, based on using measures of risk and return in the market with black sawn events. The sample included 83 companies from 10 different industry of Tehran stock exchange, which traded from March 1383 to December 1393. The data were collected monthly.The results show that Tehran Stock Exchange has black swan events that the volatility is ± 4.22 percent. The portfolios formed on the basis of a black swan strategy to market index portfolio, despite limitations of the market, observed better performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

152 - Option Hedging in Jump-Diffusion Markets by Malliavin Calculus
Minoo Bakhsh Mohammadlou Rahman Farnoosh

We obtain the hedging strategy in a jump-diffusion market by minimizing the variance of the residual risk. We calculate the residual risk by two formulas: the Ito's formula and the jump-diffusion version of the Clark-Ocone formula. The results show that Malliavin calcul More

We obtain the hedging strategy in a jump-diffusion market by minimizing the variance of the residual risk. We calculate the residual risk by two formulas: the Ito's formula and the jump-diffusion version of the Clark-Ocone formula. The results show that Malliavin calculus can generate the hedging strategy under weaker assumptions. Thus afterward we do not require to check the strong condition  on  and the condition  with bounded derivative is sufficient.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

153 - The effect of investment horizon on optimum portfolio rebalancing frequency in portfolios of stocks listed on Tehran Stock Exchange with short-selling
Alireza Validi javad validi

In active portfolio rebalancing strategy so called log-optimal portfolio rebalancing strategy, rebalancing is executed continuously so that utility function achieves to its maximum value. But the implementation of this strategy is impossible for its high transaction cos More

In active portfolio rebalancing strategy so called log-optimal portfolio rebalancing strategy, rebalancing is executed continuously so that utility function achieves to its maximum value. But the implementation of this strategy is impossible for its high transaction costs. In this article, we introduce another strategy to get utility of active strategy at least by using active strategy parameters. on the other hand, choosing the optimum rebalancing frequency depends on the investment horizon. Choosing the best rebalancing frequency among the all possible ones for each given investment horizon is the main purpose of this article. So we first introduce different rebalancing strategies and then semi-active one to obtain the optimum frequency as a function of investment horizon. Implementation of this model is based on neglecting the short-selling constraint in Iran stock market. Implementation results on a real portfolio in Tehran stock exchange showed that choosing the optimum frequency is more sensitive for short horizons. And also using this frequency in semi-active strategy will increase the value of utility function in comparison to active strategy.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

154 - comparing the return and risk in technical methods with strategies of reinvestment and rebalancing and a buy and hold method (Case Study: Tehran Stock Exchange)
Elahe Alizadeh Nodehi Gholamreza Mahfoozi Atieh Vasiresh

The present research has been carried out aiming at comparing the return and risk in selected technical methods, using two strategies of reinvestment and rebalancing, and a buy and hold method as an inactive investment method, in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years b More

The present research has been carried out aiming at comparing the return and risk in selected technical methods, using two strategies of reinvestment and rebalancing, and a buy and hold method as an inactive investment method, in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years between 2006 and 2012. After data collection about 15 active firms, Excel broadsheet software was used to categorize information and calculate the variables. Finally the resulted data were analyzed through the use of SPSS software. In this research, risk and return of the selected technical methods including moving average, two moving averages, money flow index, trading range breakout, and money flow index were calculated by using the two strategies and then the return and risk of the selected technical methods were compared using buy and hold method. Results showed that the return of technical methods with two strategies of reinvestment and balancing do not have meaningful differences. Meanwhile, the risk of reinvestment method has had a meaningful difference with the risk of balancing investment method and in most results; the risk of technical method with reinvestment strategy has been less that the same technical method with balancing strategy. On the contrary, the technical method with two strategies posed for return of buy and hold method has been different from technical methods with reinvestment and balancing strategies and this difference has been more for technical method with balancing strategy than reinvestment strategy. On the whole, in most selected technical methods, the returns of the selected technical method have been less than buy and hold method with a trivial difference. And the return of buy and hold method has been less than technical method used with balancing investment strategy. Regarding risk, most results gained showed that the risk of the selected technical method with reinvestment strategy has been less than the risk of buy and hold method and risk of buy and hold method has been more than the technical method used with rebalancing investment strategy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

155 - presentation of new method for investment strategy in private section
Hosseyn Mombeyni Abdolreza Yazdani Chamzini

Selection of the investment strategy is a bothersome and sophisticated process because of taking into consideration a large number of quantitative and qualitative parameters like benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks. However, the parameters may have a significant i More

Selection of the investment strategy is a bothersome and sophisticated process because of taking into consideration a large number of quantitative and qualitative parameters like benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks. However, the parameters may have a significant influence on each other. A decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) can be used to construct a network relationship map. On the other hand, according to the information is incomplete, uncertainty is an inseparable part of making decision in solving the MCDM problems. Therefore, this paper proposes a new hybrid model based on analytic hierarchical process (AHP), DEMATEL, and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) techniques under fuzzy environment to evaluate the problem of the selection of the investment strategy. For achieving the aim, a three-step process is presented to formulate the problem under consideration. First, the structure of the investment problem is broken into a simple hierarchy structure by using the AHP method to simply model the problem and calculate the importance weights of criteria by using a pairwise comparison process. Second, the interdependent relationships are identified by applying the DEMATEL technique. This technique is employed for computing the global weights of benefit, opportunities, cost, and risk (BOCR) factors. Finally, the fuzzy TOPSIS methodology is used for prioritizing the alternatives. To show the effectiveness of the proposed model, a case study is investigated. The results demonstrate that the proposed model is capable of prioritizing the investment strategies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

156 - Examining the chosen model of the United States of America in the face of Iran (confrontationalism and redesigning aggressive realism)
علی باقری زاده

The current research aims to analyze the type of strategic orientation of the United States of America in facing the Islamic Republic of Iran, especially after the Islamic Revolution. The dualism of liberalism and realism, or a policy of mutual punishment and encouragem More

The current research aims to analyze the type of strategic orientation of the United States of America in facing the Islamic Republic of Iran, especially after the Islamic Revolution. The dualism of liberalism and realism, or a policy of mutual punishment and encouragement, has been adopted in the face of J.A. Iran. A. Iran. In order to prove the hypothesis of the research, while using the theory of aggressive realism, the behavioral pattern of the United States will be examined. The main findings of the research show that the approach of the United States is of the type of liberalism of "encouragement, encouragement and maximum participation". Or the harmonious model of liberalism and realism is not "positive and negative". Rather, it indicates the continuation and consolidation of the approach of aggressive realism, of the type of acute discursive, geopolitical and geostrategic confrontation in the form of "threat, punishment, sanctions" in the form of "various and complex balancing". So that the conformity and consistency of aggressive realism propositions with the approach of the United States in the acute confrontation with Iran is clear and obvious. The authors conclude that the behavior pattern of the United States is in the fixed form of aggressive realism, without a paradigm shift to liberalism. And it doesn't even have a tendency to shift within the theoretical paradigm of defensive realism. The main goal of America is to turn Iran into an isolated and victimized actor in the field of international politics. They evaluate J.A.Iran in the form of a game with a negative sum. And they always have a pure compliance with the approach of slander and international politics in their agenda. based on strategic rationality and compliance with international law. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

157 - Survey of Influential Factors Implementations Green Space and Strategic Approach to Urban development in the city of Shiraz (Case Study District Municipality)
Soleiman Mohamadidoost Mohammad Ali Khanizadeh Maliheh Keshavarz

It may be arguably the most important issue in urban development plans, and especially in the realization of the issue of realization for the benefit of the public and all stakeholders in the field of urban planning. Therefore, the process of preparation, approval and i More

It may be arguably the most important issue in urban development plans, and especially in the realization of the issue of realization for the benefit of the public and all stakeholders in the field of urban planning. Therefore, the process of preparation, approval and implementation of these plans must be such that while utilizing and utilizing all the potentials, capacities of the city's residents in the process of preparation and approval, they are also implemented in accordance with the wishes and needs of citizens in accordance with the principles and laws of urban planning and It should be an architecture that in practice has the most potential for implementation and realization. One of the most important uses and needs of citizens is urban green spaces, which unfortunately have the least feasibility due to the economist-oriented view of This research tries to examine the most important after reviewing the literature of the issue and expressing the importance and position of green space in the life of citizens and the concepts of urban development strategy as one of the newest approaches to the more realization of urban development plans and programs in district one of Shiraz city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and it is applied and after trying to study the per capita and existing levels of green space, changing the use of green space to other profit-oriented applications, reviewing Article 5 Commission files, obtaining opinions, it has to do with the authorities and the urban elite. Surveys show that unfortunately, due to lack of recognition and respect for the public and green spaces at the stage of preparation and approval of plans, especially regarding their potential ownership, lack of social conflicts, lack of attention to peripheral uses, etc. .., the uncertainty of the location and necessity of this landfill for the citizens and most importantly the lack of sufficient and sustainable municipal financial resources to maintain the landfill will lead to a change in the use of these spaces and their non-realization and ultimately their per capita decline. To citizens over time, the most important suggestion for reducing and resolving this problem can be to move towards public awareness among all the influential and empowering components of local government, especially in the field of sustainable financing. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

158 - Green Supply Chain Management Business Strategy Selection Using Analytical Network Process
Sahar Sadat Ahmadinejad Mohammad Karimi Zarchi Mohammad Reza Fathi

In today's global business, competition is very intense between organizations and to impress clients, organizations need to put themselves in a better position than competitors. Environmentally friendly and compatible with environmental requirements are the way to disti More

In today's global business, competition is very intense between organizations and to impress clients, organizations need to put themselves in a better position than competitors. Environmentally friendly and compatible with environmental requirements are the way to distinguish from other competitors. If the competitors have benefited from the green supply chain management, the company will be under greater pressure to establish a green supply chain management. Customers also have an important role to deploy. Thus, strategic management, green supply chain is requirement for success in today's competitive market and should be considered seriously.  The aim of this study was to identify and rank the green supply chain management strategies using ANP method. Numbers of criteria identified in this study are 14 criteria in four categories: green design, green shopping, green manufacturing and marketing. The results showed that among the four risk-based strategies, efficiency-oriented, innovation-driven closed loop, efficiency-oriented strategy is the optimal strategy. In addition, the standard of green design has the highest priority. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

159 - Identifying Factors Affecting Green Brand and Its Impact on Green Brand Preference and Loyalty (Case Study: Dairy Industry)
reza Norouzi ajirloo Mirza hasan Hoseini Ehsan Jamali Fatemeh Eidi

Background and Objective: Considering the determining role of green brand in the success and performance of organizations in achieving predetermined goals, this study aims to investigate the effect of variables affecting green brand from the perspective of company, prod More

Background and Objective: Considering the determining role of green brand in the success and performance of organizations in achieving predetermined goals, this study aims to investigate the effect of variables affecting green brand from the perspective of company, product and customers and its impact on Green brand preference and loyalty was mediated by strategies (green and environmental marketing). Material and Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of nature and method. A questionnaire was used to collect data and in order to analyze the data and test the research hypotheses, the structural equation modeling method was used by Smart PLS software. In the present study, to collect the required quantitative data, two types of structured questionnaires with closed questions were used, one to examine the green branding activities of companies and the other to measure the green brand from the perspective of customers. Findings: The results show that all three factors of company, product and customer have a positive and significant relationship with creating a green brand. There is also a positive and significant relationship between green brand and strategies and also between strategies and preference and loyalty to green brand. Mediation of strategies between green branding and outcomes was confirmed. Discussion and Conclusion: Dairy companies should provide their customers with information on environmental issues related to production processes in a clear manner. By creating a green brand and linking environmental strategies and marketing environmentally friendly dairy products, these companies can help make green dairy products preferable to regular dairy products. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

160 - Developing a strategic plan for health, safety and environmental management of schools in Kermanshah province
Elham Kaviani Vali Naseri Pelengard Nasrin Choobkar Morteza Kalhori

Background and Objective: Today, the biggest challenge of most countries is health and environmental threats. Health, safety and environmental education has a significant effect in reducing these threats. It is necessary to provide suitable conditions to achieve educati More

Background and Objective: Today, the biggest challenge of most countries is health and environmental threats. Health, safety and environmental education has a significant effect in reducing these threats. It is necessary to provide suitable conditions to achieve educational goals and to ensure the health of people in the society at different ages, it is necessary to apply appropriate HSE methods to ensure health, safety and environment in schools. Health, safety and environment is within the scope of studies. Material and Methodology: This research is a descriptive-analytical type that has two main stages. In the first step, the current situation was examined by preparing the evaluation matrix of internal (IFE) and external (EFE) factors. In the second stage, by preparing the matrix of opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses (SWOT), the strategy according to the factors was presented. Findings: The findings are in the order of the most points, the most important strengths of health, safety and environmental management of schools in Kermanshah, attracting internal and external participation, especially the provincial and municipal university of medical sciences,in the weaknesses of "inattention to complying with safety instructions, weakness in monitoring and training", in opportunities "cooperation and follow-up on solving safety problems, environmental health and defects observed in schools through the health center and the General Directorate of School Renovation, Development and Equipping", in threats "lack of reliable monitoring system in the implementation of health promotion programs in It was the province. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the evaluation of the strategies indicate that the first step in the direction of the strategic management goals of the study area is the strategy of "supporting senior managers from the rules and regulations in order to advance the goals of HSE in schools, attracting financial and credit resources and supporting senior managers." Regarding the recruitment of expert human resources in the field of HSE, "Designing an efficient and effective system to monitor the implementation of relevant programs and review the laws related to schools and pay attention to health and safety issues and the organization and use of competent human resources" is also in The second priority is Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

161 - Studying the Relationship between Teaching Barriers and Work Engagement Mediated by Support Strategies for Highschool Female Physical Education Teachers in Tehran
Leila Hori Mahvash Nourbakhsh Sayad Nemat Khalifeh Parivash Nourbakhsh

Work engagement of physical education teachers, has been considered by many researchers in recent years as the most important stimulus for students' desire for sports. This psychological variable has received a great deal of impact from teaching barriers, which varies i More

Work engagement of physical education teachers, has been considered by many researchers in recent years as the most important stimulus for students' desire for sports. This psychological variable has received a great deal of impact from teaching barriers, which varies in accordance to the amount of change in teacher support strategy. Therefore, in this study the relationship between teaching barriers and work engagement as mediated by the supportive strategies of female high school physical education teachers in Tehran was investigated. This study, using a descriptive-correlational approach, examined the opinions of female physical education teachers in 19 districts of Tehran, as a statistical population (1071 people). According to Cochran's formula, 387 people were sampled, which were randomly selected in a stratified-proportional manner. A strandard questionnaire was used to collect the data. To assess the validity of the research, face validity a type of content validity assessment method was used. For this purpose, the questions were reviewed, checked and modified by 30 educational experts in three stages and were finalized in the last stage. To measure the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha, which is a kind of internal consistency was used, in which the average was calculated to be 0.883 for our research variables. Pearson and Eta correlation coefficients and ANOVA analysis of variance were used to test the research hypotheses. Also, to perform the calculations, we took advantage of softwares Excel 2017 and SPSS 21. Findings showed that teaching barriers affect teachers' work engagement by changing the type of teacher support strategy and teaching barriers do not directly affect teachers' work engagement. Based on the results, it was proposed that, in order to address the issues of teaching barriers in the examined schools, first structural barriers should be addressed, then cultural barriers and finally material barriers, and since teachers who use communication-logical, social-logical, communication-emotional, and social-emotional support techniques in that order have lower job commitment, it is necessary to pay special attention to the employment of these individuals and in the end it was suggested that in order to increase the job power of teachers, teachers use more communication-emotional method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

162 - Recent developments in the Middle East and National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran
عباس مکرمی mohomod sotodeh arani

Establishment of National security and protecting the country from external threats, is one of the most important foreign policy goals (including Iran). While national security is affected by the internal structures and processes, in direct contact with the surrounding More

Establishment of National security and protecting the country from external threats, is one of the most important foreign policy goals (including Iran). While national security is affected by the internal structures and processes, in direct contact with the surrounding environment factors and regional environment. Therefore, knowledge of the local environment and its evolution, could be an important step in strengthening and maintaining the country's security. In this article in addition to I answer the main question that the most important factor for regional influence on national security mean? With using analytical_descriptive method, and inspired by the views of David. Lake and Patrick M. Morgan, on regional arrangements, first I try to express most important factors for change in the Middle East discipline. Then addition to evaluating recent developments in the Middle East, I explain the Strategy to strengthen and maintain the security of Iran. And check the hypothesis that the change in the local power structure and efforts to shape the new regional order, has the greatest impact on the Iran's security environment and by using the strategy of defense diplomacy, security threats can be controlled And to achieve an appropriate level of regional and national security. For this purpose build trust, détente and negotiations and relations between Armies, by the military diplomats, have high priority to establish order and security in the region and protect national security of the country. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

163 - Literary creativity in sohrab sephris Eight books
Roya Parvin Mansoureh Tadayoni sima mansoori Masoud Pakdel

10.30495/dk.2022.694814

Literary creativity is the reflection of creative potentiality of a poet in forming new concept. To this end, the present research aims to explore the process of literary creativity based on conceptualization and linguistic strategies used in Sohrab Sepehri’s poem More

Literary creativity is the reflection of creative potentiality of a poet in forming new concept. To this end, the present research aims to explore the process of literary creativity based on conceptualization and linguistic strategies used in Sohrab Sepehri’s poems with special focus on “Hasht ketab”. Required data collected based on library research method. Descriptive-analytical method used to answer the research questions in line with the related goals in this study. Results of this study indicate that big portion of  the act of creating meaning and imagination inspired by the view of Zen Buddhism, the essence of which is attempting to understand the meaning of life directly, without being misled by thought. Secondly ,the poet  relied on his personal experiences and literary potency  in using linguistic strategies and semanticization.This research attempts to  probe the literary creativity by referring to “Hasht Ketab “and  related references. This study finally shows that how the poet lead to create a unique work based on in-depth understanding and influence made by the view of Zen Buddhism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

164 - Investigating cultural empowerment strategies in the suburbs of Isfahan
Siamak Mahabadi Mansour Haghighatian Alireza Shirvani Naser Hejazi

Today, poverty in various dimensions causes marginalization of some people in metropolitan areas, which has caused many problems and deprivation of citizenship rights for them. The main purpose of this study is to present cultural empowerment strategies in the suburbs o More

Today, poverty in various dimensions causes marginalization of some people in metropolitan areas, which has caused many problems and deprivation of citizenship rights for them. The main purpose of this study is to present cultural empowerment strategies in the suburbs of Isfahan. Identifying the capabilities and limitations of marginalized people is very effective in achieving their empowerment strategies. The present research method is a mixture of descriptive-survey method based on SWOT technique. The method of collecting information is library and interviews with experts and officials of Isfahan Municipality. In the findings of the initial coding of the research, 16 cultural strengths, 23 weaknesses, 25 opportunities and 22 factors of cultural threats were identified. Based on the evaluation matrix of internal and external factors, the results show that District No. 10 of the municipality, in contrast to districts 12 and 14 of the municipality, which are in an unfavorable and weak position, is in a good condition and can be used by using aggressive growth and development strategy. Used to maximize opportunities. In contrast, using a competitive and defensive strategy, there is a strong need to re-evaluate, reform the structure and strategic policies for the suburbs of the 12th and 14th districts of the municipality. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

165 - The Impact of Managers’ Narcissism on Their Trade Strategies and Innovative Acts with an Emphasis on Their Optimism
Nazanin Bashirimanesh Younes Hamid Nasrin Ghadamyari

The purpose of the present study is to review the impact of managers’ narcissism on their trade strategies and innovative acts with an emphasis on their optimism. The research population includes all accepted corporations in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years More

The purpose of the present study is to review the impact of managers’ narcissism on their trade strategies and innovative acts with an emphasis on their optimism. The research population includes all accepted corporations in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years from 2015 to 2019. Using a systematic removal method, 101 corporations were chosen as the statistical sample and data analysis was conducted by EViews and Minitab software. For hypothesis testing, multivariate linear regression was used. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between managers’ narcissism and their aggressive and defensive strategies while the variable of their optimism has no significant effect on the relationship between their narcissism and aggressive strategies. Furthermore, there is a significant correlation between managers’ narcissism and components of innovative acts including personal innovation, environmental innovation, administrative innovation, and technical innovation and managers’ optimism is effective on the correlation between this variable and all components of innovative acts, except technical innovation. The results of this study can lead to an effect on decision-making and identify the impact of psychological components such as narcissism on people’s performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

166 - Design Discrete Robust Adaptive Fuzzy Control for Asymptotic Tracking of Articulated Robot Manipulator
moslem zarei siamak azargoshasb najmeh cheraghi shirazi

Robot manipulators are nonlinear multivariable systems with high couplings and various uncertainties. Although, adaptive and robust control methods are suggested to overcome the uncertainties including parametric uncertainty, un-modeled dynamics, external disturbances a More

Robot manipulators are nonlinear multivariable systems with high couplings and various uncertainties. Although, adaptive and robust control methods are suggested to overcome the uncertainties including parametric uncertainty, un-modeled dynamics, external disturbances and discretization error, they face many challenges because of the complexity in robot dynamics. A fuzzy system can be used as a universal approximator for any nonlinear system. This feature has been efficiently used to design the adaptive fuzzy controllers. Adaptive fuzzy control systems are designed based on guaranteeing stability. Since practical implementation of the control law is carried out using digital processors, designing a discrete-time adaptive fuzzy controller for robot manipulators based on the voltage control strategy and proposed control systems stability analysis is suggested in this paper. In this paper, a new method is developed for compensating the approximation error of the fuzzy system which does not needed integration of tracking error. Moreover, the proposed discrete-time adaptive fuzzy with position feedback control law requires feedbacks of joint positions only. On the other hand, the fuzzy system approximation error and the discretization error are well compensated for asymptotic tracking of the desired path. The proposed robust Adaptive Fuzzy control law is simulated on an articulated robot. The simulation results show that the tracking error is negligible and the value of the second joint tracking error with the highest error at the end point of the simulation time is about radians. The parameters are well matched and the motors behave well under the maximum allowable voltage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

167 - Robust Sliding Mode Control of Robot Manipulators Using the Fourier Series Expansion in the Presence of Uncertainty
Abdullah Hadipoor Siamak Azargoshasb Abdolrasool Ghasemi

10.30495/jce.2022.693456

In this paper, a robust dynamic slip mode controller for an electrical robot manipulator is presented. The control law calculates the motor voltage based on the voltage control strategy. Uncertainties are estimated using the Fourier series expansion and the cutting erro More

In this paper, a robust dynamic slip mode controller for an electrical robot manipulator is presented. The control law calculates the motor voltage based on the voltage control strategy. Uncertainties are estimated using the Fourier series expansion and the cutting error is compensated. Fourier coefficients are adjusted based on stability analysis. Also in this paper is the design of a robust controller using a new adaptive Fourier series extension. Compared to previous related works based on the Fourier series expansion, the advantage of this paper is that it provides a matching law for the main frequency of the Fourier series expansion and thus eliminates the need for trial and error in its regulation. A case study of a Scara robot powered by DC magnet electric motors. The effect of uncertainty estimation based on the Fourier series expansion is studied instead of using the sign function. The proposed method is also compared with Legendre polynomials. The simulation results confirm the robust and satisfactory performance of the proposed controller. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

168 - Joint Optimization of Spare Parts Strategy and Maintenance Policies for Manufacturing Systems
mohammadali farsi Enrico Zio

10.30495/admt.2021.1896948.1188

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Open Access Article

169 - Explaining hypersexual behaviors based on attachment styles, psychological dysregulation, and coping strategies in Iranian adolescents
Seyed Ghasem Seyed Hashemi Zahra Fathi Ahmadabadi Hassan Yaghoubi Behnaz Hosseinzadeh Khanmiri Rogayeh Shokrani

10.30486/jsrp.2020.1892094.2278

The purpose of this study was the explaining of hypersexual behaviors based on attachment styles, psychological dysregulation, and coping strategies in Iranian adolescents. The research design was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all ado More

The purpose of this study was the explaining of hypersexual behaviors based on attachment styles, psychological dysregulation, and coping strategies in Iranian adolescents. The research design was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all adolescents active in telegram groups in during 2019 year. Sample size, 380 adolescents were selected via convenience sampling. Data collection by online survey questionnaire of Abbrevaited dysregulation Inventory (Mezzich et al., 2001), Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (Reid et al., 2011), Attachment Inventory (Hazan & Shaver 1987), and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (Endler & Parker 1990), and data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that emotion-focused coping, insecure avoidant attachment, emotional dysregulation, problem-focused and avoidance coping, behavioral and cognitive dysregulation were able to explain 71% of hypersexual behavior variances in adolescents (p< 0.01). The findings of this study can be interpreted that adolescents with insecure attachment styles are more likely to use hypersexual behaviors as a coping strategy in the face of their psychological dysregulation.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

170 - A Comparative Study of Vocabulary Learning Strategies Used by Marine Engineering Students and Iranian EFL Learners
Davood Mashhadi Heidar Majid Sadeghzadeh Hemayati

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Open Access Article

171 - The Effects of Graphic Organizer Strategy on Improving Iranian EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Learning
الناز شعاری Farahman Farrokhi

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Open Access Article

172 - Languaging in L1 as a Mediating Factor in EFL Listening Skill Enhancement: Private vs. Collaborative Form
Morvarid Lavasani Farnaz Latif Amirhosein Rahimi

10.30486/relp.2021.1909754.1222

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Open Access Article

173 - Mediating Role of E-mind Mapping in Adopting a Self-Regulated Language Learning Strategy Among Iranian EFL Learners
Nasim Nasr-Esfahani Azizeh Chalak Hossein Heidari Tabrizi

10.30486/relp.2021.1938213.1301

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Open Access Article

174 - A comparative study on Nursing curriculum in American, Canadian, Australian nursing Based on problem- based strategy and proposed way for applying it in Iranian nursing curriculum
Fatemeh Khorashadizadeh Hosien Karimi

10.30486/jsre.2018.542518

Recently, Problem- based strategy had used for revising nursing curriculum. The aim of the present study was to identify how the problem- based strategy has applied in nursing curriculum in America, Canada and Australia and proposed methods for applying it in Iranian nu More

Recently, Problem- based strategy had used for revising nursing curriculum. The aim of the present study was to identify how the problem- based strategy has applied in nursing curriculum in America, Canada and Australia and proposed methods for applying it in Iranian nursing curriculum.This comparative study was done according to Beredy’s model: Description, interpretation, juxtaposition, and comparison. The population was the documentation of world nursing colleges. The samples were totally 10 colleges of 3 countries: USA, Australia, and Canada who were selected by purposive sampling. Inclusion criteria was applying problem- based strategy in B.A. nursing curriculum. Data collection instrument was checklist problem- based which developed by Changiz & et al (2006). Nursing curriculum in these countries, were retrieved through their publications, books, Internet, their Sites and communicating electronically. Validity of these documents assessed by internal validity and critique the external validity were reviewed. Data analysis was performed according to Beredy’s model. Based on applying this strategy, proposed methods for applying student- center strategy are to pay attention on teaching, learning and evaluation methods, developing lessons goals based on risk factors and community problem and developing health policy course.Attention to ways for applying problem- based strategy in nursing curriculum can promote Iranian nursing curriculum. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

175 - The Relationship Between Teachers' Instruction Procedures and Job Burnout
Azizeh Chalak Parviz Birjandi S. Esmail Hosseini Ahmad Reza Jafari Dehkordi Omid Tabatabaei Sondos Mansouri Amir Farzad Ashouri Mansour Koosha Sahar Najarzadegan Ahmad Reza Lotfi MohammadAli Nadi Mohsen Salimian Fakhri Shatalebi Nader Soleimani Mansoor Tavakoli Omid Tabatabaei Hossein Bagheri Hossein Heidari Tabrizi Zahra Fotovatnia GholamReza Akbari Behrouz Nouri Samani Safura Masaeli GholamReza Zareie Naser Abasszadeh Narges Saeedian

The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between teacher instruction procedure and job burnout. The participants in this study were 140 teachers (males=87,females=53) at secondary schools in Garmsar. Two instruments were used to collect data. The teacher More

The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between teacher instruction procedure and job burnout. The participants in this study were 140 teachers (males=87,females=53) at secondary schools in Garmsar. Two instruments were used to collect data. The teachers' instruction procedure was measured by the use of a researcher made questionnaire (with three dimensions of instruction as direct, semi‐direct and indirect). The job burnout (namely: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased professional efficacy) was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The data were analyzed using the Pearson product‐moment correlation technique, Chi‐Square test and regression. The major findings were as follows: 1) A signi􀏐icant relationship between total teachers' nstruction procedure and total burnout. 2) A positive relationship between teachers' direct instruction procedure and job burnout. 3) A Negative relationship between teachers' indirect instruction procedure and job burnout. 4) No significant relationship between teachers' semi‐direct instruction procedure and job burnout. 5) A positive relationship was found between teachers' direct instruction procedure with each three dimensions of job burnout (Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment). 6) A signi􀏐icantly negative relationship was found separate between teachers' direct instruction with each dimension of job burnout. 7) There was no relationship between teachers' semi‐direct instruction procedure with each three dimensions of job burnout. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

176 - The Relationship between Meta-Cognitive and Achievement in Special Texts in English Course of the University Students
فروغ تن‌ساز محترم نعمت‌طاووسی

This study aimed to assess the effects of meta-cognition on educational achievement of the Azad university students in special texts in English language. After the final examination, 32 students with the higher grades and 32 students with the lower grades from the 128 More

This study aimed to assess the effects of meta-cognition on educational achievement of the Azad university students in special texts in English language. After the final examination, 32 students with the higher grades and 32 students with the lower grades from the 128 students of the 4 classes were chosen and their meta-cognitive skills were compared. In this research, meta-cognitive skills were considered as independent variables, academic achievement as the dependent variable and sex as the control variable. The result showed a significant difference between strong and weak group according to the meta-cognitive levels. In addition, the sub-scales scores (awareness, cognitive strategy, planning and self-control) were significantly different in two group. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

177 - Relationship between Study Approaches with Academic Achievement and Student’s Conception of Learning
Mahnaz Akbari Jalil Fathabadi Isaac Almasi Jahanshah Mohammadzadeh

10.30486/jsre.2019.665145

The purpose of this study was to investigate the students' deep, surface and strategic learning approaches relationship with academic achievement and student’s perception of learning. The statistical population of this study was 5800 students of Ilam University th More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the students' deep, surface and strategic learning approaches relationship with academic achievement and student’s perception of learning. The statistical population of this study was 5800 students of Ilam University that by using tht categorical random sampling method and the Cochran sample size formula, 534 students from the faculties of humanities, sciences, engineering and agriculture at Ilam University (310 girls and 224 boys) were selected as sample group. The subjects responded to the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students “ASSIST” (Entwistle, 1997) that the first section af this inventory assess student’s concepts of learning and the individual information checklist and academic achievement checklist. Data were analyzed using the crosstabs, contingency coefficient, Pearson Chi-square coefficient Pearson and Spearman correlation and using SPSS22 software. The results of the study showed positive correlation between strategic (p <0.005, r = 0.18) deep approaches (p <0.0001, r = 0.22) and academic achievement, negative correlation between surface approach (05 / 0> p, 11 / 0- = r) and academic achievement. Also there was significant relationship between learning concepts and study approaches (p <0.05). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

178 - The Effect of Training Based on Pebble in the Pond Instructional Design Model on Learning and Retention of Students
somayyeh abdoli Mohsen Bagheri saeed Moosavi pour

10.30486/jsre.2019.551442.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of education based on Pebble in the Pond instructional design model on learning and retention of the students. The research population in this study included 170 students of Educational Sciences oriented in Educational More

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of education based on Pebble in the Pond instructional design model on learning and retention of the students. The research population in this study included 170 students of Educational Sciences oriented in Educational Technology at Arak university, and the study samples were students who have chosen the system- based instruction course. Purposive sampling was used for selecting the samples.Total sample size was 30 subjects randomly divided into two 15-person classes. The researcher-made instrument used in this study was learning and retention test. The validity of test consist of formal, content validity was confirmed by professors of the education sciences and its reliability with Kuder-Richardson 20 Formula was measured as 54%. This test used pretest and posttest and it was conducted for both experimental and control groups in the same condition. For data analysis, repeated measure ANOVA was used. The results showed that the method of teaching based on Pebble in the Pond instructional design model had significant effect (p <0/05) on learning and retention of the students. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

179 - Platform-Based Business Strategy
Marzieh Eskandari Fatemeh shokri saravi

Abstract: Platform-based business strategy is actually a novel approach to industry and trade that has emerged by new technologies and methods. This strategy is not necessarily loyal to the business traditional rules, and has redefined a great number of the fundamental More

Abstract: Platform-based business strategy is actually a novel approach to industry and trade that has emerged by new technologies and methods. This strategy is not necessarily loyal to the business traditional rules, and has redefined a great number of the fundamental concepts. The previous models such as value-chain analysis or Porter’s model (and its modiﬁed strategies which describes a couple of mix strategies such as three basic value disciplines) are replaced by network effects and monetization strategies and the success of platform-based business strategies has led to a noticeable growth in the field of business strategies instead of using traditional methods and the substitute of traditional methods with these new strategies are increasing more and more. In this study, we explore the idea of platform-based business strategies using a number of analytic approaches. Furthermore, employing several concepts such as the network effect and monetization strategies, we examine the economic and organizational aspects of this family of businesses. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

180 - Developing a strategy for the use of the Internet of Things in Shiraz residential buildings with a combined DANP-SWOT approach
reza tahmasebi ardalan feili

Introduction: In this research, by using the combined DANP-SWOT approach, strategies for the use of the Internet of Things in residential buildings in Shiraz were discussed. A list of 21 factors in four clusters of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats was c More

Introduction: In this research, by using the combined DANP-SWOT approach, strategies for the use of the Internet of Things in residential buildings in Shiraz were discussed. A list of 21 factors in four clusters of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats was compiled based on the literature review.Method: By having the points and drawing the SPACE diagram, the strengths of the research were superior to its weaknesses, and the opportunities ahead were superior to the environmental threats, so we reached the strategic offensive position (SO)Results: Finally, nine offensive strategies for the application of the Internet of Things in the residential buildings of Shiraz City were explained. Also, based on the points extracted based on the DANP-SWOT combined approach, the factors of quality of life, sustainable development, and cost reduction were the most important factors in the strength cluster. Lack of knowledge and privacy security were two of the most important factors in the weakness cluster. The factors of demand and economic growth were the most important factors in the opportunity cluster, and finally, the factors of cultural challenge, laws, and standards were the most important factors in the threat cluster.Discussion: By determining the priority of the research factors, suggestions for education and awareness for end consumers were made, and solutions such as banking facilities and tax exemptions were proposed in order to standardize and facilitate laws to encourage people to use the Internet of Things in smart residential homes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

181 - Designing a strategic map and operational model of the strategies of the Iranian Judo Federation with the balanced score card method
Seyad Ehsan Amirhosseini

10.30486/4s.2022.1967169.1057

Objective: The purpose of this research was to design a strategic map and operational model of Iran Judo Federation's strategies using the balanced scorecard method.Methodology: The research method is descriptive and practical in terms of purpose. The research data was More

Objective: The purpose of this research was to design a strategic map and operational model of Iran Judo Federation's strategies using the balanced scorecard method.Methodology: The research method is descriptive and practical in terms of purpose. The research data was collected in a survey and in a mixed way. The statistical population in the quantitative part was 70 people, including officials of the federation and judo boards and managers of the country's first-level judo clubs, and in the qualitative part, 12 people were judo experts. Due to the limitation of members, the statistical sample was equal to the population. The research tool was a questionnaire to determine the landscape of strategies. For data analysis, frequency percentage and chi-chi-square test were used in the quantitative part, and experts' opinions, logical induction method and strategic council meetings were used in the qualitative part.Results: The findings showed that there are four aspects of finance and development, customer, internal processes and growth and learning. 36 strategic goals, 37 criteria and 39 actions and initiatives were formulated. It can be said that with measures such as the increase of talent centers and participating clubs in basic development, the increase of talent coaches, the increase of qualitative targeted courses and the development of comparative studies and statistics, the most important international measures for the development of judo in terms of growth and learning. It will facilitate the realization of the strategies of the processes and will help the officials to achieve the foundation and considered development and professionalization of judo sport, stabilization and continuity of judo honors at the Asian and global levels.Conclusion: Due to the relationship between strategies and strategic goals, measures and actions and initiatives of the Judo Federation in different perspectives, this model has the ability to create a basis for the achievement of the country's long-term judo goals Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

182 - A Review on the Technical Challenges of Connecting Wind Energy Conversion Systems to the Grid
Majid Tavoosi Ehsan Heydarian-Forushani Mohammad Hassan Amirioun Mohsen Parsa Moghaddam

10.30486/teeges.2022.1965932.1031

Wind power generation is making an increasingly significant contribution to global electricity production. The high penetration of wind power poses many operational and control challenges that affects the reliability and stability of power systems. In this Paper, the re More

Wind power generation is making an increasingly significant contribution to global electricity production. The high penetration of wind power poses many operational and control challenges that affects the reliability and stability of power systems. In this Paper, the reported technical challenges caused by the grid integration of wind energy conversion system (WECS) and the proposed solutions methodologies represents. The wind-generating system components and architecture are investigated at the beginning of this article for analysis and stability studies purposes, then are addressed various technical challenges; each challenge is discussed individually, focusing on the bulk integration of wind energy into the power systems. Some solutions, including grids code, energy storage technologies, appropriate control strategies, and other methodologies employed to mitigate the effects of the integration, are also included. This review is ready-reckoner of essential topics for further research of wind energy and available technologies in this field. This review provides ready-reckoner of essential topics for grid integration of wind energy and available technologies in direction of overcome the related difficulties. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

183 - Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategy Instruction and Their Impact on Iranian EFL Learners’ Writing Cognitive Processes
Maryam Khezri Nejad Mojgan Rashtchi Zohreh Seifoori

This study explores the efficacy of cognitive and metacognitive strategy instruction in enhancing the writing cognitive processes of Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Utilizing various instructional approaches, including scaffolded metacognitive inst More

This study explores the efficacy of cognitive and metacognitive strategy instruction in enhancing the writing cognitive processes of Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Utilizing various instructional approaches, including scaffolded metacognitive instruction and writing metacognitive strategies, the research investigates the effects on learners’ metacognitive awareness and writing accuracy. Research on cognitive-oriented writing is a young but growing field. The current mixed methods study explored the extent to which brainstorming, focus on form (FonF), and metacognitive strategy instruction could affect cognitive processes (planning, translating, revising) of Iranian EFL learners. The participants were 150 BA learners in three intact classes majoring in English language translation at IAU, Islamshahr Branch. During 16 sessions, each group experienced brainstorming, metacognitive strategy instruction, or FonF activities as pre-task conditions. Writing pretest and posttest, and semi-structured interview were utilized to collect the data. The results obtained from one-way ANOVA revealed that pre-task conditions statistically impacted the cognitive processes of learners’ writings. The findings suggest a positive correlation between strategic knowledge, metacognitive strategies, and improved writing skills among Iranian EFL learners. The study not only contributes to the understanding of the interplay between cognitive and metacognitive processes in language learning but also provides valuable insights for educators aiming to enhance writing proficiency in EFL settings. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

184 - توسعه فعالیت ها ی تعاملی خود نظارتی، خودتنظیمی و تمایل به برقراری ارتباط با استفاده از ابزار ICT در دانشجویان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی
Fereshte Abkhoo Roya Baharlooei Hadi Salehi Omid Tabatabaei

10.30495/jntell.2022.695422

این مطالعه طراحی ترکیبی برای به دست آوردن بینشی در مورد تکالیف تعاملی در حال توسعه در دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی زبان انگلیسی از نظر خود نظارتی، خودتنظیمی و تمایل به برقراری ارتباط در سیستم آموزشی انجام شده است. این مطالعه داده‌ها را با استفاده از پرسشنامه‌های سنجش مقیاس خو More

این مطالعه طراحی ترکیبی برای به دست آوردن بینشی در مورد تکالیف تعاملی در حال توسعه در دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی زبان انگلیسی از نظر خود نظارتی، خودتنظیمی و تمایل به برقراری ارتباط در سیستم آموزشی انجام شده است. این مطالعه داده‌ها را با استفاده از پرسشنامه‌های سنجش مقیاس خود نظارتی (SMS)، مقیاس یادگیری زبان خودتنظیمی (SRLS) و تمایل به برقراری ارتباط (WTC) جمع‌آوری کرد تا تفاوت‌های نمرات تعاملی 40 دانش‌آموز در یک گروه آزمایشی را با روش تعاملی محاسبه کند. نمرات 40 دانش آموز در یک گروه کنترل. این مطالعه یک روش کیفی مبتنی بر مصاحبه را با فراگیران زبان انگلیسی اتخاذ کرد که در تحقیق شرکت کردند و تا چه حد می‌توانستند به آموزش دست یابند و با یافته‌های قابل توجهی دریافت کنند. بر این اساس، مطالعه به عنوان ارزیابی شخصیت، مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته را با 40 دانش آموز در یک گروه آزمایشی و 40 دانش آموز در گروه کنترل برای بررسی باورهای انگیزشی دانش آموزان و نگرش آنها نسبت به فعالیت هاتعاملی مؤثر بر عملکرد آنها در یادگیری و کمک به آنها در برقراری ارتباط موفق ایجاد کرد. . با توجه به نتایج پژوهش، با استفاده از آزمون تی نمونه مستقل، تکالیف تعاملی می تواند آموزش مناسب و توسعه حرفه ای را تسهیل کند. یافته اصلی مطالعه مربوط به تأثیر فعالیت های تعاملی در بهبود نگرش مثبت نسبت به فعالیت هاتعاملی بود و برای یادگیری زبان مفید بود. بر اساس تجزیه و تحلیل نگرشی به عنوان نتایج این مطالعه، با استفاده از نمونه مصاحبه رونویسی شده با کدگذاری (یک عصاره) به وضوح مشخص شد که دانش آموزان با فعالیت هاتعاملی عمدتاً از دانش آموزان با آموزش معمولی بهتر عمل می کنند. علاوه بر این، یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد که پیشرفت دانش‌آموزان از نظر انگیزه، خودمختاری و توانمندی بهبود یافته است که به یادگیری آنها کمک می‌کند. با این حال، این مطالعه نشان داد که معلمان می توانند صحبت های مشارکتی تحصیلی و همچنین رفتار اجتماعی- عاطفی دانش آموزان را در محیط های آموزشی و یادگیری خود برای به اشتراک گذاشتن احساس امنیت، ریسک کردن و لذت بردن از تأثیرات سازنده افزایش دهند.  Manuscript profile

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185 - EFL Teachers’ Awareness, Perceptions, and Practices of Implementing Active Learning Methods
Tesfanesh Telore Abebe Damtew

This study was mainly aimed at assessing English language teachers’ awareness, perceptions, and practices of implementing active learning methods at Kambata Tembaro zone, Ethiopia. A descriptive survey method in a mixed approach was used to collect, analyze, and interpr More

This study was mainly aimed at assessing English language teachers’ awareness, perceptions, and practices of implementing active learning methods at Kambata Tembaro zone, Ethiopia. A descriptive survey method in a mixed approach was used to collect, analyze, and interpret data for the study. Instruments such as classroom observation, questionnaires, and focus group discussions were employed to collect valid data for the study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to analyze and present the data. Thus, data gathered via classroom observation and questionnaire were quantitatively analyzed by using SPSS, and data gathered via focus group discussion were qualitatively analyzed through narrations. The findings of the study revealed that teachers are not adequately aware of active learning methods. The findings of the study also revealed that teachers view/perceive active learning methods negatively. Likewise, the study ensured that the implementation of active learning methods in the zone was almost nonexistent. The researchers suggested that the teachers should take capacity-building pieces of training on a short and long-term basis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

186 - The Effect of Goal-Orientedness and Group Cohesiveness as Two Motivational Strategies on Iranian EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension
Shabnam Nasimi Masoomeh Salehi

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187 - Pattern Explanation of Micro and Macro variables on Return of Stock Trading Strategies
atefeh yazdani varzi Erfan memarian Seyed Ali Nabavi Chashmi

10.22034/amfa.2021.1912667.1501

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188 - Investigating the Effect of Business Strategy and Stock Price Synchronicity on Stock Price Crash Risk
Ghazal Hosseinzadeh Zorofchi Alireza Heidarzadeh Hanzaei Mohammad Hasani

10.22034/amfa.2019.585637.1187

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189 - Performance Evaluation of the Technical Analysis Indicators in Comparison with the Buy and Hold Strategy in Tehran Stock Exchange Indices
Ebrahim Abbasi Mohammad Ebrahim Samavi Emad Koosha

10.22034/amfa.2020.1893194.1376

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190 - Using Contingency Approach to Improve Firms’ Financial Performance Forecasts
Saman Mousanezhad Esfandyar Mohammadi Rahmatolah Mohammadipour Farshad Sabzalipour

10.22034/amfa.2020.1886008.1345

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191 - Investigating the role of arbitrage costs and feelings in the relation-ship between fundamental power strategy and stock returns
Mohsen Hashemigohar Mojdeh Mansouri

10.22034/amfa.2022.1927502.1586

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192 - Evaluate the Impact of the Type of Business Strategy on the Readability of Disclosure of Financial Statements of Companies Listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Zahra Mousavi Ahmad Kaabomeir Saeed Nasiri

10.22034/amfa.2022.1942713.1642

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193 - Optimization of auditing strategies in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Sajjad Azizi Barani Rasoul Abdi Nader Rezaei Asgar Pakmaram

10.22034/amfa.2022.1925641.1575

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194 - Design and Formulation of Strategic Liquidity Management Strategies in the Banking Industry (Case study: Rafah Bank)
Alirahm Bagheri Azar Moslemi Masoud Taherinia Ebrahim Givaki

10.22034/amfa.2022.1958080.1747

The purpose of this study was to design and formulate strategic liquidity management strategies in the banking industry. In this research, in order to combine qualitative and quantitative data, a sequential integrated exploratory method will be used, according to the cl More

The purpose of this study was to design and formulate strategic liquidity management strategies in the banking industry. In this research, in order to combine qualitative and quantitative data, a sequential integrated exploratory method will be used, according to the classification model with emphasis on qualitative data. Therefore, according to its objectives, the present study is part of applied research and in terms of the research process is part of descriptive and exploratory research that was conducted in two parts: qualitative and quantitative. The statistical population of the present study was the qualitative part of the managers of the Welfare Bank. The sampling method was to achieve theoretical saturation and 25 people were selected as the sample size. Therefore, a survey was used to collect information and according to the data collection, two types of tools were used to review documents, interviews, and questionnaires, and the evaluation method of the questionnaire was performed with a 5-point Likert scale. The Cronbach's alpha questionnaire was used. SWOT analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the Welfare Bank has many opportunities to develop appropriate liquidity management strategies. As it was observed, the chart stretches towards the opportunities and strengths of the offensive situation, which requires strategic planning to use the strengths and opportunities, and 11 strategies were developed for this purpose. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

195 - Designing a Trading Strategy to Buy and Sell the Stock of Companies Listed on the New York Stock Exchange Based on Classification Learning Algorithms
Nasser Heydari Majid Zanjirdar Ali Lalbar

10.22034/amfa.2022.1967149.1796

This research investigated the development of a stock trading strategy for companies on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), a prominent global market. Data was acquired from established libraries and the Yahoo Finance database. The model employed technical analysis indi More

This research investigated the development of a stock trading strategy for companies on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), a prominent global market. Data was acquired from established libraries and the Yahoo Finance database. The model employed technical analysis indicators and oscillators as input features. Machine learning classification algorithms were used to design trading strategies, and the optimal model was identified based on statistical performance metrics. Accuracy, recall, and F-measure were utilized to evaluate the classification algorithms. Additionally, advanced statistical methods and various software tools were implemented, including Python, Spyder, SPSS, and Excel. The Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to assess the statistical differences between the designed strategies. A sample of 41 actively traded NYSE companies across diverse sectors such as financial services, healthcare, technology, communication services, consumer cyclicals, consumer staples, and energy were chosen using a filter-based approach on June 28th, 2021. The selection criteria included a market capitalization exceeding $200 billion and an average daily trading volume surpassing 1 million shares. Evaluation metrics revealed that the designed random forest trading strategy achieved a good fit with the data and exhibited statistically significant differences from other strategies based on classification learning algorithm. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

196 - Jump Identification as a Proxy of Information Shocks, In Tehran Stock Exchange.
Hadis Taghaddosi Farimah Mokhatab Rafiei Ali Husseinzadeh Kashan

Using jumps in stock prices as a proxy for information shocks to examine investors' reactions to significant events is the most effective method for identifying information shocks. Compared to other studies, this method has advantages listed at the end of the liter More

Using jumps in stock prices as a proxy for information shocks to examine investors' reactions to significant events is the most effective method for identifying information shocks. Compared to other studies, this method has advantages listed at the end of the literature review. We provide evidence consistent with short-term overreaction on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Thus, through the contrarian investment strategy, i.e., buying stocks with negative lagged jump returns and selling those with positive lagged jump returns, earn significantly positive returns over the next one- to three-month horizons. This research analyzed the adjusted daily closing prices of the top thirty stocks on the Tehran Stock Exchange in terms of market value and turnover during 2013-2020. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

197 - Development of a New SWOT-MCDM Model to Create Marketing and Financial Strategies in Conditions of Uncertainty (Case Study of Iralco Company)
Farshad Motallebi Peyman Ghafari Ashtiani Mohammad Ehsanifar

The most basic step in managing an organization is to develop appropriate and practical strategies. Developing a detailed and complete plan that will determine the long-term direction of the organization and guarantee the prof-itability and survival of the organizatio More

The most basic step in managing an organization is to develop appropriate and practical strategies. Developing a detailed and complete plan that will determine the long-term direction of the organization and guarantee the prof-itability and survival of the organization. In this research, using multi-criteria decision-making techniques, a new SWOT model has been created to formulate organizational strategies (financial, commercial, production and similar). The upcoming research method is of a mixed type (qualitative-quantitative) which will be used in the qualitative part of the method (de-scriptive-survey) and in the quantitative part of the fuzzy Delphi technique and multi-criteria decision making. In order to target more the results of this research and its output model, Iralco Company (Iran Aluminium) has been selected as a strategic and widely used global product manufacturer to study and implement the mentioned models and techniques. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

198 - Investigating the Effect of Internal Rate of Return on Cash Re-cycling on the Abnormal Returns of Companies Accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange
Bahareh Mohammadtalebi Mitra Mohammad talebi Mohammad Jahangiri Mahtab Eshghiaraghi

10.22034/amfa.2018.544942

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199 - American Option Pricing of Future Contracts in an Effort to Investigate Trading Strategies; Evidence from North Sea Oil Exchange
Ramin Ahmadi Nahal Ariankia

10.22034/amfa.2017.533102

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200 - The Study of the Effect of Diversification Strategy, Cost Leader-ship Strategies and Product Differentiation on Business Unit Value
Majid Davoudi Nasr Mohsen Cheraghi

10.22034/amfa.2017.529063

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201 - Presentation of Structural Equation Modeling the Role of Human Resource Strategies on the Development of Job Performance
Abbas Sabet Saeed. Razeghi

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202 - Marketing Strategy Evaluation by Integrating Dynamic Systems Modeling and Network Data Envelopment Analysis
Mojtaba Kaveh Saeid Saeida Ardekani Seyed Mohammad Tabatabaeenasab

10.30495/jsm.2020.673643

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203 - Designing, Evaluating and Prioritizing Sepah Bank's Marketing Strategies in the Banking Industry
Hoossein Adelkhani Farideh Haghshenas Kashani

10.30495/jsm.2020.673648

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204 - The Relationship between Strategy of Work-life Quality and sustainable competitive advantage: A survey study on in Yemeni manufacturing industries.
Maged Mohammed Abdullah Barahma Mohammad Disomimba Kalsom Ali Mohammed Al-Awlaqi

10.30495/jsm.2020.677235

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205 - Design of Strategic Management Model in Technical and Vocational Training
Zabihollah Rahimi Moslem Salehi Mojgan Amirianzadeh Ebadollah Ahmadi

10.30495/jsm.2020.677243

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206 - Open Banking Innovation Model by Digital Transformations Based on Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)
Mohammadali Mirfallah Lialestani Abbas khamseh

10.30495/jsm.2021.1925967.1455

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207 - Designing New Strategic Reference Points for Elucidating Lock-In Marketing Strategy Using Thematic Analysis
samira bekr Hormoz Mehrani Seddighe Tootian Masoud Qorban Hosseini

10.30495/jsm.2023.1992202.1852

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208 - Providing a Model for Financing the Buyer and Supplier in the Supply Chain of Mehrvarzan Healthcare Products Distributor
Hassan Soltani

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209 - Business and Manufacturing Strategies: a Model for Alignment (Case Study: Iranian Automative Industry)
Mehrdad Hoseini shakib

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210 - The Relationship between Diversification Strategy, Capital Structure and Profitability in Companies Listed in the Stock Exchange by Combining the Data Line and VAR Methods
Seyedeh-Mahsa Mousavi Hanjani Seyed-Javad Iranban

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211 - Analysis of Marketing Strategy Impact on Organizational Performance in the Iran Banking Industry Case Study: Maskan Bank of Kermanshah Province
Peyman Akbari Hamid-Reza Jalilian

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212 - The Success of the Strategic Plan of Imam Reza(AS) Hospital - Mashhad
Sudabeh Latifian Hadi Karimi

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213 - Perceptiveness at the Position of Approach, Strategy, Method and Technique in Design Process (A Case Study: Kari Jormakka)
Sama Modirrousta Vida Norouz Borazjani Mahmud Rezaei

10.30495/ccd.2022.694023

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214 - Design of Success Model Implementing Knowledge Management at Organizational Level with Structural Interpretative Modeling Approach (ISM) Case Study: Tejarat Bank
Behzad Keshanchi davod khosroanjom Davod Pahlavani Amir Poorgholi

Extensive literature on the implementation of knowledge management in organizations has been presented and each of the researchers in this area referred to one dimension of Knowledge Management implementation, but so far a comprehensive model of dimensions and indicator More

Extensive literature on the implementation of knowledge management in organizations has been presented and each of the researchers in this area referred to one dimension of Knowledge Management implementation, but so far a comprehensive model of dimensions and indicators of implementing Knowledge Management and the relationship between them is not provided. First, in this research, the literature on implementation of Knowledge Management, its dimensions and indicators were identified and then, using a new analytical methodology called Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM), the relationships between dimensions and indicators of implementing Knowledge management has been determined and integrated in an integrated way. The result has led to designing a Knowledge Management implementation model in the Tejarat bank. The research questionnaire was filled by 16 banking experts whose results indicate that the integrated model of Knowledge Management implementation includes organizational strategy, senior management support, organizational culture, business process reengineering, knowledge architecture, information technology and Experienced networks, so that these dimensions are interconnected with each other, and senior management support is the basis of implementing Knowledge Management model. Manuscript profile

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215 - Evaluation of Knowledge Management Adoption Success in Green Supply Chain: A Fuzzy hybrid expert-oriented multiple criteria decision-making approach
Fatemeh Zahra Rajabi kafshgar Mehrdad Madhoushi2 Hamidreza Fallah Lajimi3

Todays, the success of organizations, is directly related to the knowledge that they can generate and distribute, the speed of producing, the amount of accumulation and usage of this knowledge. On the other hand, environmental concerns about manufacturing industries ind More

Todays, the success of organizations, is directly related to the knowledge that they can generate and distribute, the speed of producing, the amount of accumulation and usage of this knowledge. On the other hand, environmental concerns about manufacturing industries induce organizations to use green practices in various supply chain processes. The successful implementation of knowledge management in the green supply chain improves the efficiency, effectiveness, profitability and competitive advantage of organizations. Since the implementation of knowledge management requires a lot of time and cost, the present study examines the success rate of knowledge management in the green supply chain based on fuzzy decision making. In this paper, after reviewing the literature, five main dimensions including employee attributes, organizational strategy, organizational culture, technological factors and management factors and 25 indicators for assessing the success of knowledge management in the green supply chain are determined. Using the opinions of 10 experts of Farasanat company, 21 indicators of knowledge management success in the green supply chain have been identified and the weight of each index is calculated by using the FDEMATEL method. In the next step, the rank of each index is calculated with by FSAW. Finally, by using the calculated weight and index rank, the success rate of knowledge management implementation in the green supply chain is determined. The results show that Farasanat company has a success rate of 0.72 in implementing knowledge management in the green supply chain. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

216 - Creating new and stable incomes for municipalities (Case study: Sanandaj Municipality)
Salahuddin Ghasimi sirvan seidi jahede tekyekhah

10.30495/imj.2023.1972694.1808

One of the most important concerns of municipalities in all countries is to create sufficient sources of income and finance various financial expenses of municipalities. in the country's municipalities and create stable incomes. The main goal of this research is to prov More

One of the most important concerns of municipalities in all countries is to create sufficient sources of income and finance various financial expenses of municipalities. in the country's municipalities and create stable incomes. The main goal of this research is to provide strategies and solutions to generate income for Sanandaj municipality. The current research aims to identify internal factors (strengths and weaknesses), external factors (opportunities and threats) and formulate a strategy for sustainable development for Sanandaj municipality. Did. For this purpose, SWOT integrated model and network analysis process (ANP) have been used. The process of network analysis gives measurements in situations where there are dependencies between strategic factors. The network model in this research is composed of four levels, objective (best strategy) in the first level, SWOT factors in the second level, SWOT sub-criteria in the third level and strategy options in the last level in order to present and analyze SWOT. To determine the weights of SWOT factors based on the ANP method, a questionnaire was completed in a comparative manner with the results of 9 items designed by 34 people. After that, they are collected to be analyzed by Super Decision software and ST, WO, SO, WT strategies are determined as the best strategies to generate sustainable income for Sanandaj Municipality. Manuscript profile

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217 - Provide an intelligent model for strategic planning in e-business (Case study: Companies active in the field of information and communication technology)
mostafa kolahdoozi reza radfar Mohammad Ali Afshar Kazemi

Abstract E-business and its technologies on the one hand change the balance of power between companies active in the field of information technology, better coordination between industries, more efficient and easier production methods, reduce errors in received and sent More

Abstract E-business and its technologies on the one hand change the balance of power between companies active in the field of information technology, better coordination between industries, more efficient and easier production methods, reduce errors in received and sent data and increase their accuracy, and from On the other hand, it has complicated the planning and formulation of strategies. Most frameworks are based on traditional attitudes, regardless of the electronic developments of the last decade. By introducing new factors in these frameworks, the strategies in the companies will certainly change as well. In this paper, a framework for developing electronic business strategy strategies is presented, which is either a combined approach of BS and BI. The research method has been applied and the method of expert systems has been used, which is finally according to two components. Business Continuity Management, Business Intelligence Strategies for attracting e-business to strategic planning is presented. Manuscript profile

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218 - A novel method for selecting optimum maintenance strategy using Fuzzy Analytic Network Process and Fuzzy Multi-Choice Programming approach
Iman Zohreie Ali Mohtashami

Maintenance systems are critical to achieving the goals of the organization. The main purpose of these systems is to optimize machinery's ability to maximize production and reduce its erosion and malfunction. Accordingly, one of the main concerns of managers in companie More

Maintenance systems are critical to achieving the goals of the organization. The main purpose of these systems is to optimize machinery's ability to maximize production and reduce its erosion and malfunction. Accordingly, one of the main concerns of managers in companies is selecting the appropriate strategy for maintenance of equipment and machinery. This research presents novel method for selecting optimal maintenance strategy based on Fuzzy Analytical Network Process and Fuzzy Multi-Choice Goal Programming. The method of calculating the fuzzy weights of elements is explained by FANP method and then by de-fuzzy obtained weights and writing the ideals and the objective function and applying the FMCGP approach maintenance strategies will be prioritized. Finally, in the form of a case study, the optimal maintenance strategy among Preventive Maintenance, Reliability base maintenance, Condition base maintenance, Time base maintenance, corrective maintenance and Design-out maintenance for the four selected machines in Mashhad Milk Powder Company is considered. In this regard, by literature review six criteria and thirty sub-criteria has been taken and paired comparison questionnaire was distributed among the ten experts and their views were aggregated and geometric mean was taken from them, and by the FANP approach, the weight of the elements are calculated. Since the weight of the criteria is obtained from FANP method, then the general score of the problem is obtained by solving FMCGP. The present research can provide a comprehensive view of decision makers, especially maintenance managers, and assist them in selecting optimal maintenance strategy. Manuscript profile

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219 - Introducing R& Z-number cognitive map method for modeling the causal relationships of strategies (Case study: Iran health insurance organization)
Mostafa Izadi Rassoul Noorossana Hamidreza Izadbakhsh Saber Saati Mohammad Khalilzadeh@srbiau.ac.ir

We always face a range of ambiguity, uncertainty and risk in variables in qualitative, non-numerical and expert-centered issues. The root of this ambiguity can be in the variable itself or other variables related to it and the statements of experts. Fuzzy cognitive mapp More

We always face a range of ambiguity, uncertainty and risk in variables in qualitative, non-numerical and expert-centered issues. The root of this ambiguity can be in the variable itself or other variables related to it and the statements of experts. Fuzzy cognitive mapping is one of the common models for better understanding of problems that pays attention to the cause-and-effect relationship between variables. When dealing with problems where the numerical data associated with it are not available or the nature of the problem is qualitative, perceptual mapping is made by experts. One of the problems of using the common cognitive mapping model is not considering the uncertainty, risk and error in the opinions of experts. This problem affects the quality and validity of models created in complex problems. In this paper, in order to help understand the problem correctly and eliminate uncertainty, ambiguity and risk in experts' comments on variables and cause-and-effect relationships between them, the combined approach of Z-number and R-number in fuzzy cognitive mapping has been used. The proposed method in this article, by considering optimistic, pessimistic and neutral experts, has modeled the cause-and-effect relationships between strategies affecting the empowerment of individuals in the health system. The proposed approach of this research can be effective as a decision support method in issues that are qualitative and expert in nature. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

220 - Mathematical modeling and solution method of Milkran logistics in Saipa ‎Group's inbound supply chain under consideration of order time windows, ‎return cost of empty pallets and in-vehicle loading restrictions
Masoum Najafian Ali Husseinzadeh Kashan Davood Mohammaditabar ALiakbar Akbari

10.30495/imj.2022.688760

In the Milkran logistics system, vehicles are sent to collect orders from suppliers and deliver them to &lrm;assembly lines, according to pre-planned routes. In this way, the vehicle goes to the location of &lrm;several suppliers to pick up orders and then is sent to on More

In the Milkran logistics system, vehicles are sent to collect orders from suppliers and deliver them to &lrm;assembly lines, according to pre-planned routes. In this way, the vehicle goes to the location of &lrm;several suppliers to pick up orders and then is sent to one or more destinations for delivery. In this &lrm;logistics system, cargoes are aggregated within the vehicle and through various nodes in the logistics &lrm;network. This paper introduces a mixed integer linear programming model for the Milkran logistics &lrm;problem that takes into account considerations such as three-dimensional loading of the order &lrm;pallets into vehicles, 50% higher cost for returning empty pallets, order timewindows, and &lrm;heterogeneous fleets. Given the nature of the problem, an algorithm based on grouping evolutionary &lrm;strategy is introduced that uses heuristic methods to ensure vehicles’ loading and routing feasibility. &lrm;The effectiveness of the introduced mathematical model and meta-heuristic algorithm is measured &lrm;using data collected from Saipa Automotive Group. The computational results show that Milkran &lrm;Logistics has the ability to reduce costs by 24.5% (on average), compared to the direct shipping &lrm;strategy pursued by Saipa.&lrm; Manuscript profile

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221 - Economic analysis of gas extraction refining risk response strategies by NPV method (Case study in the Gas Refinery)
alireza Askarian mahnaz Mirza Ebrahim Tehrani

10.30495/imj.2021.681441

Technical and economic evaluation is a completely scientific way of being able to comment on the economics of risk response strategies. The purpose of this study is to analys the economic feasibility of the risk mitigation strategy proposed by the unit managers taking i More

Technical and economic evaluation is a completely scientific way of being able to comment on the economics of risk response strategies. The purpose of this study is to analys the economic feasibility of the risk mitigation strategy proposed by the unit managers taking into account the requirements, standards and constraints of the gas refinery. By calculation the total stop losses of the refinery unit showed that it was found that its amount is staggering, anf if even a part of the relevant costs erosion course of the system can be reduced, large profit can be made for the company. In this study, the financial process of risk reduction strategies, In the form of numerical differences obtained before and after risk correction measures and The effectiveness of corrective actions over ten years was analyzed using techniques the net present value (NPV) and return on capital investment (IRR). The results of the economic analysis showed six risk reduction strategies showed, the financial process resulting from the implementation of risk reduction strategies in the unit to prevent accident or stop the unit, is positive and greater than zero. According Using advanced methods for investment analysis, it is possible to calculate the economics and increase the profitability of the risk reduction strategy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

222 - Prioritization and Sensitivity Analysis Export Development Strategies for the Plastics Industry using the AHP technique (Case Study: National Iranian Petrochemical Company)
mohammad abbasian Ruhollah Vahidkiani

10.30495/imj.2022.1950532.1736

Examining the export trend of the country's plastics industry shows a significant decline. The NIPC, as the custodian of policy-making in the field of production, support and disinfection, undertook complications and strategic planning in this field. Scientific decision More

Examining the export trend of the country's plastics industry shows a significant decline. The NIPC, as the custodian of policy-making in the field of production, support and disinfection, undertook complications and strategic planning in this field. Scientific decision regarding the selection of the appropriate export development strategy for the plastics industry and the determination of the relative priority of each in order to eliminate the challenges of the export development of this industry is of special importance. The purpose of this article is to prioritize and analyze the sensitivity of declining factors and strategies to promote the export of the country's plastic industry by using AHP. The present research is an applied and descriptive-survey case study. The statistical population includes the effective export managers of the plastics industry who were selected by random sampling of 30. The results showed that the challenges of "product price fluctuations" and "lack of interaction with large foreign buyers" have the highest impact with impact coefficients of 0.631 and 0.197, respectively. The results of GSA of these two challenges indicate a positive effect on the strategy of "creating the necessary conditions for the facilitation of free trade (regional-international)" in solving them. The results of the SA of the total challenges showed that the NIPC, in order to meet the five challenges in the field of plastics industry exports, should pay the most attention to "creating the necessary conditions for facilitating free trade". Efforts to "organize export clusters", "efficient use of ICT" to pursue more seriously. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

223 - Studying the Role of Strategy and Organizational Climate in Effective Leadership and Improving the Performance of Public Organizations (Case of study: General Directorate of Sulaimania Municipalities)
Heirsh Mohamad Sabir mansor Irandost Heirsh Soltanpanah

10.30495/imj.2023.1975451.1817

Today, effective leadership and improving organizational performance play a decisive role in the success and sustainability of businesses. The main purpose of this research is to evaluate and investigate the role of strategy and organizational climate in effective leade More

Today, effective leadership and improving organizational performance play a decisive role in the success and sustainability of businesses. The main purpose of this research is to evaluate and investigate the role of strategy and organizational climate in effective leadership and improving the performance of government organizations with the fuzzy AHP approach. To achieve this goal, data analysis has been used with the factor analysis approach and SmartPLS software, and then in the qualitative stage, by validating the data statistically and quantitatively. The statistical sample of this department, who completed factor analysis questionnaires, according to Cochran's formula, was 280 heads and experts who were randomly selected. Also, in the second part of examining the impact of variables, the fuzzy AHP approach has been used, and the questionnaire of this part has been completed by 14 experts using the theoretical method. In this research, organizational strategies and organizational climate have been investigated from different dimensions and relevant influencing factors have been identified, and these factors have been categorized and analyzed in 2 sections. It confirms the mediating role of organizational climate and strategy. Also, the statistical samples studied after holding 3 panels show the role and influence of strategy in effective leadership and improving the performance of government organizations far more than the organizational climate factor. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

224 - Determining the effective factors in the priorities of maintenance strategies by combining factor analysis and ahp methods (Case study: East Azerbaijan Water and Sewerage Company)
Somayeh Fakhimi Hossein Zad Yagoub Alavi Matin Suleiman Iranzadeh

Choosing the right strategy for maintenance and repairs in an equipment-oriented organization is very important and has a direct impact on productivity, profitability and cost. Maintenance and repairs play an important role in maintaining the reliability of production q More

Choosing the right strategy for maintenance and repairs in an equipment-oriented organization is very important and has a direct impact on productivity, profitability and cost. Maintenance and repairs play an important role in maintaining the reliability of production quality, reducing waste, reducing risk, increasing efficiency and increasing joint satisfaction, etc. Among the most important strategies of maintenance and repairs, we can mention the corrective and preventive maintenance and repairs based on condition and reliability, which according to the situation and environmental conditions, the application of each one has advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this article is to provide a general method for choosing the best strategy for maintenance and repairs in equipment-oriented organizations such as water and sewage. It has been tried to use the method of confirmatory factor analysis to model the structural equations of least partial squares, the factors affecting the choice of maintenance and repairs strategy by expert questionnaire and SMSRT PLS software, which is a useful software for the modeling of structural equations of least partial squares, have been investigated and confirmed factors. In order to prioritize the four maintenance strategies of preventive, predictive, corrective and based on reliability by AHP technique, which process requires breaking the decision problem with several indicators into a hierarchy of levels, it should be used in EXPERT CHOISE software. The results of this analysis have determined the first priority of using the method of preventive maintenance and repairs to advance the goals of maintaining the company's critical equipment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

225 - Designing a consumer behavior strategy model in Iran's start-up industry
mona falsafi fard

There is limited knowledge about consumer behavior, particularly their choices regarding purchasing and using products and services offered by startups in developing countries. This article aims to create a strategic model of consumer behavior in selecting enjoyable pro More

There is limited knowledge about consumer behavior, particularly their choices regarding purchasing and using products and services offered by startups in developing countries. This article aims to create a strategic model of consumer behavior in selecting enjoyable products based on factors influencing services in startups within the country. The approach taken in the article is qualitative and practical. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews, employing the database theory strategy, which includes open-centered and selective coding methods. The fundamental model of this theory was utilized to derive the model presented in the article. Snowball sampling, a targeted sampling method, was employed for participant selection to achieve theoretical saturation. The article's findings show a validated and well-fitted model comprising six primary categories or dimensions: pleasurable shopping motivations, store characteristics, individual characteristics, communication strategies, customer loyalty, and 23 sub-dimensions. The study reveals that pleasurable incentives contribute value to consumers, ultimately enhancing startup companies' marketing strategies for their products' growth and success. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

226 - Using Delphi, AHP and TOPSIS Methods for Evaluating and Ranking Investment Projects in Multiple Portfolio
GhorbanAli Mohammadi Fereshteh Behbahani Soraya Esfandiyarpour

Accepting a kind of suitable strategies for supply chain achievement is one of the requirements of a manufacturing company. Organizations to implement the different strategies of the supply chain are required to use information systems. In this regard, this research res More

Accepting a kind of suitable strategies for supply chain achievement is one of the requirements of a manufacturing company. Organizations to implement the different strategies of the supply chain are required to use information systems. In this regard, this research respecting the different strategies of the supply chain (lean and agile) and information systems strategies (efficiency and flexibility) attempt to examine the effect of these categories on supply chain performance and company. The methodology and the nature of this research is descriptive-survey. The sample population of this research is made up of nisoc’s managers and experts that are more than 2043 persons. By applying the Cochrane's formula, the sample population of this research determined as 231 persons that 222 questionnaires completed and received. In this research, content validity and structure validity have been used and total questionnaire Cronbach's alfa is equal to 0/955 which indicates the high level of reliability. Because of measuring the effect of some dependent and independent variables simultaneously, structure equations method (confirmation factor analysis) and Pierson coefficient test have been used. Results indicate, in term of the correlational coefficient, that the effect of all variables over supply chain performance of the company has been in a high level, but by applying the independent t correlational test and Pierson the main hypothesis and 3 sub-hypotheses confirmed.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

227 - Design of Resilient Supply Chains Model in Iran Khodro with Structural Equation Modeling and Qualitative Techniques
Kazem Ravansetan Hasanali Aghajani Abdolhamid Safaei Ghadikolaei Mahmood Yahyazaheh far

This research deals with the resilient supply chain of Iran Khodro Company. The aim of this study is determining strategies going to be able to prevent the occurrence of stops in the production line of Iran Khodro, or in case of stop, how production lines are restored i More

This research deals with the resilient supply chain of Iran Khodro Company. The aim of this study is determining strategies going to be able to prevent the occurrence of stops in the production line of Iran Khodro, or in case of stop, how production lines are restored in the minimum time to the state of pre-disruption or the most favorable condition. This study intends to introduce a comprehensive model of resilience in the Iran Khodro supply chain. In this study, all failure modes that have the potential to stop Iran Khodro production lines (12 failure modes) have been identified through the research literature and expert opinions. The population of this research includes managers and experts of logistics and planning departments of Sapco Company. In this research, FMEA technique has been used to determine resilience strategies in the supply chain before the occurrence of failures and also a new technique which named failure analysis after occurrence (FAAO) is used to determine resilience strategies in the supply chain after the occurrence of a failure. Also, the resilience model is approved by structural equation modeling and Amos software. 4 failure modes that have the highest risk priority number (RPN) have been selected by experts using FMEA technique and 21 strategies have been introduced in order to make resilient the supply chain of Iran Khodro to deal with these failure modes. Moreover, 6 strategies have been determined using FAAO technique in order to make resilient the supply chain toward failure. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

228 - The Role of Knowledge Management on Company Competitiveness through Technology-driven Strategy in Tile and Ceramic Industry of Iran
Mohammad Javad Taghipourian Hamidreza Alizadeh

Due to the competitiveness in tile and Ceramic Industry, the purpose of this research is to investigate the role of knowledge management on the competitiveness of the company through technology-driven strategy in tile and Ceramic Industry. For this purpose, a questionna More

Due to the competitiveness in tile and Ceramic Industry, the purpose of this research is to investigate the role of knowledge management on the competitiveness of the company through technology-driven strategy in tile and Ceramic Industry. For this purpose, a questionnaire based on the research of Ahmad and Schroeder (2011) was distributed among the managers of Iran's ceramic tile factories and 87 questionnaires for analysis. The findings of Pearson and regression tests via SPSS showed that all aspects of Technology-driven Strategy have a positive effect on competitiveness. When manufacturing companies use all of these three dimensions (active technology status, process and test adaptation, common technology resources) simultaneously in their processes, they can lead to effective competing so corporate executives should have a comprehensive look at these dimensions.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

229 - Formulating a Three-step Manufacturing Strategy Based on Miltenburg Model (Case study: a mineral water company)
Abbas Moghbel Baarz Mohammad Reza Amini Hamid Reza Khosrowanian Hamie Yarjanli

Applying any kind of manufacturing strategy, on the one hand, needs to identify and monitor the current state of the system at the internal and external levels. On the other hand, it needs to provide strategies for improving the system. In this paper, a three-step manuf More

Applying any kind of manufacturing strategy, on the one hand, needs to identify and monitor the current state of the system at the internal and external levels. On the other hand, it needs to provide strategies for improving the system. In this paper, a three-step manufacturing strategic model introduced by using Miltenburg model and focusing on five manufacturing strategic goals (production system, manufacturing outputs, manufacturing leverage, production capabilities and competitive analysis). First, the production system determined based on four indicators of production’s volume and variety, kind of plant layout and material flow. Then, six manufacturing levers (human resources, organizational control, and structure, sourcing, production planning and control, process technology and facilities) determined and capabilities of each one evaluated.  Next, manufacturing outputs (delivery, cost, quality, performance) have been prioritized using the analytic hierarchy process technique to identify characteristics of the favorable production system. Furthermore, competitive analysis applied to verify the position of the company and its competitors in the market. In the final step, considering the results of previous steps, improvement strategies have been formulated so that the production system will change to the favorable system. If the current system needs basic changes, the improvement process will be operational by focusing on improving the manufacturing levers. In order to display the capabilities of the proposed model, a mineral water company was selected as a case study. The results showed that the company's production system is Equipment-paced line flow production system (EPL( and the company's strategic output (calculated by AHP) is the cost. Achieving manufacturing strategy, objectives of the organization and competitive analysis were conducted. Results showed that the current manufacturing system must change from ELP to the continuous flow manufacturing system. Furthermore, adjusting the manufacturing levers is necessary - particularly human resources- to implement the new proposed system, effectively.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

230 - The effectiveness of social skills training through concept map as teachinng_learning strategy on social anxiety of high school second girl of the city of ahvaz
nasrin khabazian parviz askary

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of social skills training through teaching - learning strategy of concept mapping on social anxiety of high school female students in the city of Ahvaz. The research method is experimental with pretest posttest study des More

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of social skills training through teaching - learning strategy of concept mapping on social anxiety of high school female students in the city of Ahvaz. The research method is experimental with pretest posttest study design and follow-up. The study population consisted of all the high School Female Students, to choose them by multistage cluster sampling method 40 patients were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups respectively. The instrument used in this research is the Watson and Friend Social anxiety questionnaire (1969). In this research after the pretest intervention began, and during 10 training sessions on social skills through teaching - learning strategy of concept mapping was carried out for this participants and then follow-up was performed after one month. For analyzing data, the analysis method of covariance (MANCOVA) was used. The results of data analysis showed that social skills training can reduce social anxiety in adolescent girls in the experimental group compared with the control .. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

231 - “To beat you, to frighten him”: Ghazi and the Play of Translation with Power
Erfan Rajabi

This paper aims at investigating the strategies and techniques in the social practice of translations done by Mohammad Ghazi. With this purpose in view, the study has opted for the research method of discourses–based historicism. The research data were collected More

This paper aims at investigating the strategies and techniques in the social practice of translations done by Mohammad Ghazi. With this purpose in view, the study has opted for the research method of discourses–based historicism. The research data were collected from Ghazi's interviews and talks with people, newspapers and print media. Attempt was made to analyze the data to identify and explain the key concepts of power, ideology, Ghazi's strategies and techniques and interrelationships   among   these   concepts   throughout   Ghazi's   long translation career which spanned several decades. The research findings indicate that Ghazi has designed the social practice of translation in terms of a particular ideology, a particular literary genre along with techniques concordant with translator's ideology within certain politico-social discourses in order to achieve certain goals. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

232 - Investigating the correlation between the dimensions of the model of alignment of human resource strategies with the strategy of the organization in the field of succession management in the National Iranian Oil Company
Fariba Bavandi vahid fallah kiumars khatir pash

Studies show that there is a significant relationship between human resource strategies and the overall strategy of the organization. Also, the degree of coordination between human resource strategies and the organization's strategy affects the overall performance of th More

Studies show that there is a significant relationship between human resource strategies and the overall strategy of the organization. Also, the degree of coordination between human resource strategies and the organization's strategy affects the overall performance of the organization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between the dimensions of the model of alignment of human resource strategies with the strategy of the organization in the field of succession management in the National Iranian Oil Company. The level of analysis in this study was organizational and the sample members are 120 managers that, knowing the subject matter, also have been appointed to supervisory / managerial positions. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire that was extracted based on the standard process and based on a qualitative analysis and then its standardization steps were performed during quantitative research, then, the collected data were analyzed with SMARTPLS software. Findings indicate that the highest correlation coefficient was related to the strategy variables with the interventionist conditions with a correlation coefficient of 0.603, also significant at the level of 0.01., and the lowest correlation coefficient obtained with the main category variable with contextual factors with a correlation coefficient of 0.107, which is not significant at the level of 0.05. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

233 - Compilation of strategies and consequences for the development of basic football in Iran
Mohammad Elias Ansarinia Mina hakakzade Seyed Jalil Miriosfi

10.30495/kmsj.2023.1978542.1079

The purpose of this research was to formulate the strategies and consequences of the development of basic football in Iran. This research is practical in terms of purpose. In order to achieve the stated goal and considering the specialization of the research subject, in More

The purpose of this research was to formulate the strategies and consequences of the development of basic football in Iran. This research is practical in terms of purpose. In order to achieve the stated goal and considering the specialization of the research subject, in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted with basic football experts. The interviews continued purposefully and in a snowball manner. Finally, 23 people were interviewed. Since the answers from the 19th interview onwards were repeating the answers of the previous interviews, the interview was stopped. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using the foundation data method and based on the method suggested by Strauss and Corbin (2011) simultaneously and through three stages of open, central and selective coding. The findings showed that 33 sub-categories in the form of organizational strategies, development of interactions and communications, empowerment and productivity of human resources, development of talent management system, income generation, and supervision and monitoring are effective on the development of basic football and lead to the consequences of increasing and continuing football honors. It will become the foundation for adult football and eventually, the development of professional football in Iran. It can be said that if the strategies are successfully implemented, with the development of basic football and support for Iranian football, the success and increase of football positions and honors in age groups will follow the successful performance of football clubs and finally the sustainable development of professional football. had Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

234 - Study of strategic human capital with performance improvement through knowledge management in employees of sports and youth departments of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces
omid safari kyanosh dhghan

10.30495/kmsj.2022.1957278.1029

The purpose of this research is to study the strategic human capital by improving performance through knowledge management in the employees of sports and youth departments in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. This research is applied and descriptive and correlationa More

The purpose of this research is to study the strategic human capital by improving performance through knowledge management in the employees of sports and youth departments in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. This research is applied and descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research was 140 employees of sports and youth departments in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. The statistical sample size was estimated to be 103 people using Morgan's table and they were selected by simple random sampling. The data collection tools were Chang and Hong (2005) strategic human capital standard questionnaires, Sharon Lawson (2003) knowledge management and Cooper (2009) performance improvement. Descriptive statistics methods were used to describe the data, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, linear regression, and structural equations were used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between all dimensions of strategic human capital, flexible work schedule and job opportunities with improved performance. And there is a positive and significant relationship between all dimensions of knowledge management except knowledge absorption with performance improvement. Also, the results of the structural equations showed that the strategic human capital model has a good fit with the mediating role of knowledge management with performance improvement. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

235 - Presenting the development model of talent search strategies in football in Khuzestan province (foundation data theory)
Sajad Mehdipor Amir Nadri Mohammad Sajadian

10.30495/kmsj.2023.1987366.1126

The aim of the research was to provide a model for the development of talent search strategies in football in Khuzestan province. "Foundation data" theory was used to design the model. The study population of this research was the officials of the talent search committe More

The aim of the research was to provide a model for the development of talent search strategies in football in Khuzestan province. "Foundation data" theory was used to design the model. The study population of this research was the officials of the talent search committee of football teams of the province and cities of Khuzestan and coaches. The sampling method was purposeful and snowball. The research method was based on the foundational data theory and the tool for collecting findings was through semi-structured interviews. Semi-structured interviews with open and general questions up to 20 in-depth interviews and systematic analysis of required data were collected and analyzed through the three stages of open, central and selective coding. The findings showed that the development model of talent search strategies in football in Khuzestan province has 27 main categories and 56 sub-categories in the form of contextual, driving, environmental (intervening), developer and consequences factors. It can be said that leading factors such as official football tournaments, professional clubs, and prominent veteran players, financial support for talent scouting, infrastructure, coaches, and football academy and grassroots football development will help to develop talent scouting and support Khuzestan football. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

236 - Sociological investigation of the crisis of Khuzestan province from 1384 to 1400
atefa mosavi amirabad bahman rahimi MOHAMAD TORABI

abstractKhuzestan province faced a new cultural, security, political, economic, and environmental trend since 2004. In this article, an attempt was made to examine the most important factors of the Khuzestan crisis.With a mixed approach, the researchers, while using the More

abstractKhuzestan province faced a new cultural, security, political, economic, and environmental trend since 2004. In this article, an attempt was made to examine the most important factors of the Khuzestan crisis.With a mixed approach, the researchers, while using the opinion documents of 5 experts, counted the factors of the crisis and after compiling and distributing the questionnaire, they counted the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and based on that, they presented coping strategies.Promoting and protecting the cultural discourse, making the economic, political and environmental system more efficient and confronting terrorist groups as a strategy, ethnic and religious convergence and water management as a solution, synergy of responsible institutions, cohesion and solidarity of ethnic groups, allocating a percentage of oil sales, monitoring the flow Anti-security as evaluation indicators and the degree of dependence on the Shiite religion, the amount of use of the provincial forces, and the reduction of terrorist acts were calculated as performance indicators.The nature of Khuzestan crisis is of a mixed nature. An issue that the effective and relevant actors have focused on soft measures with a combined design without hard measures, an issue that requires short-, medium- and long-term planning to limit and eventually stop it. Solving many of the described factors or reducing their effects and consequences, along with solving economic problems, will reduce harsh measures and ultimately reduce the phenomenon of religious changes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

237 - Providing a solution to improve the basic rights of Petrochemical workers based on public rights through management methods
mohammad beirouti

In the discussion related to labor rights, like any other human rights category, we need a theoretical design about rights. A theory that emphasizes the necessity and moral and legal requirements of work regulations and justifies the existence and value of the basic rul More

In the discussion related to labor rights, like any other human rights category, we need a theoretical design about rights. A theory that emphasizes the necessity and moral and legal requirements of work regulations and justifies the existence and value of the basic rules and principles of work on which the foundation of this article is based; as follows ; Prohibition of discrimination in employment, equal pay for work of equal value, minimum working age for children and abolition of compulsory work. To improve the aforementioned principles in the petrochemical company in the free zones, we applied a creative management method. In fact, management science provides solutions to improve the implementation of the fundamental principles of rights. For this reason, we first explain the prospects, values, threats and strengths of labor laws in free zones and evaluate them based on matrix tables. With the investigation carried out with the Swot-Ahp method, we reached interesting results that if the approach of strategies for petrochemical workers in free zones must be revised in the laws related to the hearing board regarding the way of appeal and the way of expressing the request from the workers and Also, arrangements should be made regarding the handling of workers' cases. Employers should also consider requiring workers' requests to be in writing at the time of signing the contract and taking into account the rights of workers in the context of the contract in the face of any changes in the work environmen Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

238 - Strategy Implementation and Performance: The ‎Moderating Role of Creativity and Training of ‎Strategic Planning Principles
Sahar Ahmadian Behnaz Khoshtinat

Background: This research is focoused on strategy implementation &lrm;component of strtgic management. Despite the importance of strategy &lrm;implementation, previous researches mainly focused on strategy &lrm;formulation, and strategy implementation have been ignored. More

Background: This research is focoused on strategy implementation &lrm;component of strtgic management. Despite the importance of strategy &lrm;implementation, previous researches mainly focused on strategy &lrm;formulation, and strategy implementation have been ignored. Therefore, &lrm;current study focused on strategy implementation.&lrm;Objective: This study aims to examine the influencial factors on proper &lrm;strategy implementation and performance.&lrm;Methodology: The study population consisted of the university president &lrm;and all the deputies and managers of one branch in Islamic Azad &lrm;University in Iran. PLS software was used for statistical analysis. &lrm;Results: The results show that significance coefficients of z are more &lrm;than 1.761 for independent variables, and for moderators variables &lrm;including “strategic principles training” is calculated 2.62, &lrm;for“strategic creativity and flexibility” is calculated 3.14 that is &lrm;confirmed, and all other hypotheses are confirmed as wellConclusion: The statistical results showed that variables of resource &lrm;allocation, organizational leadership, and employee participation are &lrm;effective on proper strategy implementation. The results revealed that &lrm;strategy planning principles training moderates the impact of employee &lrm;participation on proper strategy implementation, and strategic creativity &lrm;and flexibility moderates the impact of strategy implementation on the &lrm;university performance of Islamic Azad University.&lrm;Keywords: Strategic Management, Creativity, Strategy Implementation, &lrm;Performance Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

239 - Designing a Model for Developing Strategic and Creative Thinking at Managers of National Iranian Oil Company Based on Mixed method Approach
Fariborz Dortaj Abbas Abaspour Sara Shariat Ali Delavar Esmaeil Sadipour

Purpose: the aim of current mixed method research was to explore the strategist and creative developing model for Iran Oil Company. Methodology: This research study is applied research .In terms of its level this research study falls into the category of exploratory res More

Purpose: the aim of current mixed method research was to explore the strategist and creative developing model for Iran Oil Company. Methodology: This research study is applied research .In terms of its level this research study falls into the category of exploratory research; methodologically it is in the category of mixed methods. In the qualitative part which is based on data theory approach, the required data were gathered by means of semi structured interviews. The number of participants who were involved in the study 24 experts in industry and at universities. After collecting the data, they were encoded; then, necessary measurements were taken to determine dimensions, main categories, subcategories, and relevant concepts related to our coding system. After having gained a coded table which was pivot and selective and finally, the goodness of fit of the paradigmatic research model was developed (n=320). Findings: The qualitative findings of this study included eleven main categories, twenty four subcategories, and ninety eight concepts. Concepts which were related to development strategists included causative factors (individual factors, organizational factors, and discourses), the category of central strategic thinking (conceptual and organizational thinking, foresight, and philosophical attitudes),obstructive factors (both inter organizational and intra organizational factors), contextual factors (cultural context, psychological factors, and organizational independence), strategies to identify the talented, attract them, and retain them, the outcomes of the establishment of monitoring system, strategic thinking, and the process of developing experts in our oil company . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

240 - The effect of in intelligence strategy to detection willingness to exploit criminal information in pursuit and discovery of crime by emphasizing the moderating role of creative detectives
Gholamhossein Biabani Mojtaba Sotoudeh

Purpose: Detectives have the task of detecting crimes, and this is not the case for detectives to exploit innovative criminal intelligence strategies to prosecute and detect crimes, which can be the basis of strategic criminal intelligence innovation, optimization of cr More

Purpose: Detectives have the task of detecting crimes, and this is not the case for detectives to exploit innovative criminal intelligence strategies to prosecute and detect crimes, which can be the basis of strategic criminal intelligence innovation, optimization of criminal intelligence functions, reorganization of criminal intelligence, The criminal information system is the redesign of criminal intelligence reporting and its implementation in accordance with the detective's missions, operations and operational plans. This study aims to investigate the impact of strategic innovation on detectives' willingness to exploit criminal information in the pursuit and discovery of crime by emphasizing the moderating role of creative detectives. Methodology: The present study is of applied nature and in terms of survey type. Using Cochran's formula, the number of individuals for the Criminal Intelligence Detectors sampling was 73, and the number of 384 Detectives for sampling; and were selected by stratified random sampling. Strategic Innovation Researcher Questionnaires, Criminal Intelligence Desire, and Creative Intelligence Questionnaires were used. The validity of its content was evaluated by experts and its construct validity by factor analysis. The reliability of the study was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and partial least squares analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Results: The path coefficients for the main hypothesis and sub-hypotheses were 0.221, 0.554, 0.968, 0.927, and 0.548, respectively, and the t values were 2.202, 2.461, 2.748, The values of t for these parameters were greater than 1.96 and 2.227 and 2.271, so all hypotheses are confirmed by 0.95. Results: Creative detectives have a moderating role in the impact of strategic innovation on detectives' willingness to exploit criminal intelligence functions. Optimizing criminal intelligence functions, reengineering the criminal information approach, reforming the criminal information system, redesigning criminal intelligence reporting have a significant impact on detectives' willingness to exploit criminal information given the moderating role of creative detectives. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

241 - Analyzing the dimensions and components of behavioral innovation of human resources in the organization of exceptional children
golchehreh Lohrasbi mitra sadoughi Hossein Ali taghipoor esmaeil kazempour

Introduction and purpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate and identify the behavioral innovation of human resources in the organization of exceptional children.Research methodology: The research was conducted qualitatively using thematic analysis method. More

Introduction and purpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate and identify the behavioral innovation of human resources in the organization of exceptional children.Research methodology: The research was conducted qualitatively using thematic analysis method. Collecting data and extracting related themes was done using semi-structured interviews with key informants in this field. The participants were selected using the purposeful sampling method and the theoretical saturation criterion based on which 14 experts, experts, Faculty members of universities and general managers of exceptional children organization were selected. In order to obtain the reliability and validity of the data, two methods of review of participants and review of non-participating experts were used in the research. The data were analyzed by thematic analysis.Findings: A model for behavioral innovation of human resources in the organization of exceptional children in the form of 14 components (behavioral honesty, positive thinking in behavior, empowerment, self-control culture, innovative self-efficacy, confidence building, collaborative management, participation, timely thinking, job satisfaction, Organizational justice, culture of organizational communication, healthy space for competition, objective evaluation of resources) and 53 indicators were designed and the component of innovative self-efficacy has the highest and the component of objective evaluation of resources has the lowest impact on behavioral innovation of human resources.Discussion and conclusion: By using the components of behavioral innovation of human resources, employees can engage in innovative behaviors away from physical, psychological and... as well as welfare problems and difficulties caused by facilities and equipment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

242 - Strategies of Entrepreneurship in Arts and Cultural Institutions in the Globalization Era
Esmaeil Kavousy Seyed Sadegh Avali

  Background: Globalization is one of the key concepts which, in recent decades, has received much attention among scholars and policy makers, to the extent that this concept can be called one of the most popular and most used concepts in the humanities. With the r More

  Background: Globalization is one of the key concepts which, in recent decades, has received much attention among scholars and policy makers, to the extent that this concept can be called one of the most popular and most used concepts in the humanities. With the rapid and increasing growth of technical know-how, technology and consumer markets, there would be no room for using the past and established experiences and solutions. Past experiences and solutions are no longer useful for current and future problems of organizations. Objective: This research reviewed the strategies of entrepreneurship in arts and cultural institutions in the era of globalization. Method: It is functional in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection (research plan) it is heuristic mixed. In the qualitative step, the case study approach was applied for data collection, and in the quantitative step, the data collection was done by survey description method. The population consisted of academic experts and experts in the field of art and culture, executives, experts in cultural and arts institutions and cultural entrepreneurs. In the qualitative step, using purposive sampling, samples were taken to saturation level. After interviewing some 14 experts, data was reached to saturation. In quantitative step, judgmental purposive sampling was used, which is considered as non-probability sampling methods. Statistical population size of executives, professionals and entrepreneurs in the arts and culture sector was about 400 people which after having been put in the Cochran formula, some 250 samples were obtained. Some 275 questionnaires and counting a ten-percent greater than selected sample size were distributed. Findings / Result: The information obtained from interviews and questionnaires helped to develop basic values, cultural business missions as well as finding inner and outer factors. Conclusion: Using the SWOT and QSMP matrix, strategies to entrepreneurship in arts and culture institutions in the era of globalization were designed.   Manuscript profile

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243 - The Effectiveness of Mindfulness based stress reduction on Extra-Emotional, Coping Strategies, Emotional Response, and Control Anger in Conflicting Adolescents 18-15 Years Old
Seyed Reza Mohammadi Mousavi Mansoureh Bahramipour

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stress reduction strategies based on awareness-based attention to culture, coping strategies, emotional responsiveness and anger control of conflicting adolescents aged 18-15 years.Methodology: This st More

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stress reduction strategies based on awareness-based attention to culture, coping strategies, emotional responsiveness and anger control of conflicting adolescents aged 18-15 years.Methodology: This study was a quasi-experimental design with two experimental and control groups with pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up period. The study population included conflicting adolescents aged 18-15 years in Isfahan during the summer and autumn of 1400. By randomly available sampling method, 40 conflicting adolescents were selected and replaced in two groups (20 experimental) and (20 control). The experimental group underwent a stress-based strategy based on knowledge-awareness for 10 9-minute sessions and the control group did not receive any training. Research instruments included Farahijan Mitmansgrober et al. (2009), Carver et al. (1989) Coping Skills Questionnaire, Nock et al. (2008), Spielberger Anger Control Questionnaire (1999) and Murray-Parent-Child Conflict Questionnaire. Strauss (1990). Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software version 23.Findings: Findings showed that stress reduction strategy based on awareness of Farahijan (anger, shame, control of violence, suppression, compassion and interest), Awareness of emotional responsiveness (sensitivity, intensity and continuity of emotion) and anger control (external anger, incidence) Internal anger, external anger control and internal anger control) are effective in adolescents aged 18-15 years (P <0.01). The results also showed that stress reduction strategy based on awareness-based attention to the variables of coping style (problem-focused, emotion-focused, ineffective and ineffective) is not effective (P> 0.05).Conclusion: Due to the effect of stress reduction strategy based on awareness on Farahijan, emotional responsiveness, anger management planning is essential for the use of this treatment. As a result, therapists and counselors can use awareness-based stress reduction strategies along with other therapies to improve mood, emotional responsiveness, and anger management, especially in conflicting adolescents. Manuscript profile

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244 - The effectiveness of cognitive- behavioral group therapy on coping strategies in people with anxiety disorder
Fariba Delbarnasab Seyed Mahmoud Mirzamani Bafghi Hamid Reza Vatankhah

The main purpose of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on coping strategies in people of with anxiety disorder. This is an experimental research design in the form of a pretest and posttest is done with the control g More

The main purpose of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on coping strategies in people of with anxiety disorder. This is an experimental research design in the form of a pretest and posttest is done with the control group. In order to, 20 subjects had a diagnosis of anxiety disorder were randomly chosen and randomly divided into 2 groups (10 control group, 10 experimental group). For data collection Endler & Parker coping strategies questionnaire was used in both pretest and posttest and was completed by the participants. For experimental group, 11 sessions of cognitive-behavioral group therapy were held but control group did not receive any training. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Results showed a significant increase in problem solving coping strategy and significant reduce in emotional and avoidance coping strategies. Thus, according to the findings of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on coping strategies (problem solving, emotional and avoidance) and led to an increase in the experimental group and the reduction of problem focused coping strategy and avoidance of experimental group. Manuscript profile

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245 - Identifying the optimal strategy for technology development in the Information Communication Technology (ICT) industry in a Telecommunication Infrastructure Company
Mehrdad Fekratnejad Akbar Bagheri Muhammad Hossein Fatehi Dabanloo

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246 - Designing an Implementation Model for Improving and Reconstructing the Social Security Organization
Mohammad Hassan Hanifi Malikeh Beheshtifar Mohammad Ziaaddini

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247 - Identification of the Desired Human Resources Capabilities Following Macro-Level and Task-Level Strategies Implementation Approach in the Social Security Organization of Kerman
Somayeh Poursoltani Zarandi Malikeh Beheshtifar Mohmmad Montazery Amin Nikpour

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248 - Development of New product Strategy using Blue Ocean Strategy (Case study: Pilot Gas Company, Iran)
Mohammad Abdolshah

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249 - Spam Detection by Game theory
Samaneh Ghods

There are number of datamining applications that are fighting with Adversaries, Spam filtering to intrusion detection is as an example. For reducing the classifier accuracy, Adversary intentionally manipulate data. Consequently, in all these applications initially succe More

There are number of datamining applications that are fighting with Adversaries, Spam filtering to intrusion detection is as an example. For reducing the classifier accuracy, Adversary intentionally manipulate data. Consequently, in all these applications initially successful classifiers will decline easily. In this paper, we model the interaction between the classifier and the adversary as a two players sequential game then we model the interaction as an optimization problem and solve it using evolutionary strategy. Finally, simulation results show the good performance of the proposed algorithm, and improves accuracy spam detection on several real world data sets. Manuscript profile

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250 - Analysis of opportunities and threats to the development of tourism services (Case study of Shiraz)
Ali Akbar Izadi Saadi Masood Taghvaei Yaghoub Peyvastehgar

This study was conducted to evaluate the opportunities and threats to the development of tourism services in Shiraz. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of survey method. The first statistical population includes the managers and all ex More

This study was conducted to evaluate the opportunities and threats to the development of tourism services in Shiraz. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of survey method. The first statistical population includes the managers and all experts of cultural heritage and tourism office of Fars province. The statistical population was responsible for identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the Delphi method. The information required for this study, were collected and analyzed using three questionnaires. The first questionnaires, were distributed among the members of the first statistical community, led to the identification of internal and external environmental factors affecting the strategic decisions of the tourism industry. Questionnaire number two was designed based on Saaty scale and pairwise comparisons and was decided at the disposal of the group to calculate the relative weight of the groups of weakness, strength, opportunity and threat. Questionnaire number three was developed based on pairwise comparisons and Saaty scale to identify the relative weight of components and factors identified in each group by the decision group. Findings showed that Shiraz city should use three strike strategies (short-term), medium-term strategy and long-term strategy to deal with opportunities and threats to develop tourism services in this city. Manuscript profile

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251 - Presenting the ideal model and strategies for the development of sports spaces in Semnan province using reverse logistics
meysam Ghanbariyan Ali Fahiminezhad باقر morsal mahdi goudarzi

The lack of reverse logistics in sports has caused very destructive effects on the environment due to sports and sports events in Semnan province. The aim of the current research is to present the ideal model and strategies for the development of sports spaces in Semnan More

The lack of reverse logistics in sports has caused very destructive effects on the environment due to sports and sports events in Semnan province. The aim of the current research is to present the ideal model and strategies for the development of sports spaces in Semnan province by using reverse logistics. The method of the current research is of mixed exploratory type. Out of 180 experts, 120 people answered the questions of a questionnaire including: causal conditions, background conditions, intervening conditions, main phenomenon, development strategies, development consequences, which were confirmed in the qualitative part by experts and its validity and reliability were confirmed by the experts. They responded to the available sampling method. GIS software was used to describe the state of sports spaces in Semnan province, and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to check and analyze the measurement model.The findings showed that Shahroud city is in a more favorable state in terms of sports environment than other cities of the province. Among the identified strategies, "politicization in sports of the province based on environmental goals" should be given the highest priority, "supervising the successful implementation of reverse logistics activities in the sports of the province with emphasis on environmental principles" and the strategy of "providing the required financial resources" In order to carry out reverse logistics measures in the sports body of the province, priority is to be operationalized. And finally, "Training and empowering human forces specializing in sports in the province in line with environmental goals" to pave the way for the development of the reverse logistics of sports in the province. Also, the results indicated the favorable fit of the reverse logistics development model in sports of the province. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and analyze the policies for the development of sports spaces in the province by the responsible organizations. Manuscript profile

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252 - Sellectted Mullttiinattiional l Entterpriises:: An Assessmentt iin Phiilliippiine
دکتر علیرضا حبیبی

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253 - An investigation of the relationship between tenacity and attributional style with problem-solving coping strategy and mental health
ebrahim alizadeh hasan ahadi farhad jamhari reza karaminiya

The aim of the present study was to investigate the interrelations among hardiness and attributional styles in predicting coping strategies and mental health. Participants were 361 (195 males, 166 females) college students aged 19 to 49(M age=26.81 years, SD=6.42). Main More

The aim of the present study was to investigate the interrelations among hardiness and attributional styles in predicting coping strategies and mental health. Participants were 361 (195 males, 166 females) college students aged 19 to 49(M age=26.81 years, SD=6.42). Main results were as follows;(a) Hardiness and optimistic attributional style were significant predictors of mental health (b) Hardiness and attributional styles explained significant proportion of variance in problem focused coping, and semipartial correlations have shown that optimistic attributional style is more important predictor of intensity of problem focused coping comparing with the two other variables (hardiness and pessimistic attributional style); (c) Pessimistic attributional style and hardiness were contributed significantly to the prediction of emotion focused coping. In this study, optimistic attributional style did not show any significant contribution to the prediction of emotion focused coping. The findings have implications for all professionals and scholars interested in stress reduction and mental health enhancment among college student population. Manuscript profile

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254 - The Reaction Of Imam Ali to the Saqifa Accident in the Nahj al-Balagha
Ali Nazemianfard

As soon as Abu Bakr b. Abi Qahafa received the news on gathering of Khazrajid Ansars  in the Saqifa  of Bani Sâida under Saad b. Ubada,went there along with his assistants-Umar b. al-Khattab and Abu Ubayda al-Jarrah without any hesitation. The absence of More

As soon as Abu Bakr b. Abi Qahafa received the news on gathering of Khazrajid Ansars  in the Saqifa  of Bani Sâida under Saad b. Ubada,went there along with his assistants-Umar b. al-Khattab and Abu Ubayda al-Jarrah without any hesitation. The absence of his Hashimid rivals-Ali and Abbas-,paved the way for him to  intrigue the Arabian political reason- in the shadow of tribal logic- for taking aliegeance by emphasizing on relation with the Prophet Muhammad(p.b.u.h.) and attribution to the Quraysh tribe.The  main question which is in the focal point of the current study,is: Did it incite any reaction by Imam Ali?     The findings of this study- which is under the descriptive and analytic method and rely upon Nahj al-Balagha sermons and historical datas show that Imam Ali rejected the logic of Saqifa trenchantly but adopted the “Strategy of forbearance” and avoiding of unrest intelligently for the protection of Islam from any possible danger. Manuscript profile

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255 - Assessing US National Security Policy in Southwest Asia
Hasan Esfandiari Ebrahim Motaghi Mahdi Nasr

Hasan Esfandiari [1],Ebrahim Motaghi [2]*,Mahdi Nasr[3]  Abstract: Southwest Asia is one of the least stable regions, where regional conflicts, especially the Arab-Israeli conflict, continue for nearly more than 2 decades after the end of the Cold War. In the fie More

Hasan Esfandiari [1],Ebrahim Motaghi [2]*,Mahdi Nasr[3]  Abstract: Southwest Asia is one of the least stable regions, where regional conflicts, especially the Arab-Israeli conflict, continue for nearly more than 2 decades after the end of the Cold War. In the field of regional countries, the United States is trying to put new strategies on the agenda to bring about a permanent balance of power and threats based on the equation of national security and national interests of the United States. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate US national security policy in Southwest Asia. The research method was qualitative. Finally, it is concluded that the structure of US national security policy is based on recognizing the national security challenge of major powers, regional threats, the appeal of emerging actors, and how to deal with threats, each of which can be used as part of regulatory mechanisms. [1].PhD Student in Political Science (International Relations), Faculty of Political Science, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza, Iran [2].Full Professor Department of Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Author [3].Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Payame Noor University, Shahrekord, Iran Manuscript profile

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256 - Investigating the Impact of Cost Management Strategies on Corporate Organizational Performance
Shir Mohammad Yaghoubian Babak Jamshidi Navid Mehrdad Ghanbary Arash Nademi

Shir Mohammad Yaghoubian[1] Babak Jamshidi Navid[2] Mehrdad Ghanbary[3] Arash Nademi[4]   Abstract: The strategic cost management process is a cost-benefit planning and cost management system driven by sales-oriented, customer-centric, design oriented and multi-dep More

Shir Mohammad Yaghoubian[1] Babak Jamshidi Navid[2] Mehrdad Ghanbary[3] Arash Nademi[4]   Abstract: The strategic cost management process is a cost-benefit planning and cost management system driven by sales-oriented, customer-centric, design oriented and multi-departmental. Targeted costing begins with cost management in the early stages of product development and is engaged throughout the entire product lifecycle by actively engaging the entire value chain. Targeted costing decision-making involves cross-departmental teams comprised of different units (production, engineering, R&D, marketing, and accounting) and responsible for determining acceptable sales price, the rate of return corresponding to sales. It also covers the possible cost of each item produced. This management strategy seeks to reduce costs and seeks to achieve greater market share by lowering costs than competitors. Organizations are looking to increase efficiency. Implementing a strategy of maintaining stability and sustainability is a priority, and the company is not about innovation and risk-taking but about offering products and services at competitive prices. Of course, it does not diminish the quality of the products and gives a reasonable profit. [1] - Ph.D. Student of Accounting, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, [2] - Assistant Professor of Accounting, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran [3] - Assistant Professor of Accounting, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran [4] - Assistant Professor of Statistics, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran Manuscript profile

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257 - بررسی ترجمه کلمات و عبارات عامیانه در لاک صورتی جلال آل احمد
Narges Talabeygi Azar Bagheri Masoudzade

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258 - Improving Iranian EFL students reading comprehension skills: examining the effects of self-regulated strategy and modified reciprocal teaching
Atefeh Jafari Bahador Sadeghi

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259 - The Effect of Teaching English Lexical Clusters on Iranian EFL Intermediate Learners’ Speaking Accuracy
Mohammad Taghi Hassani Maryam Jamali

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260 - Metacognitive Strategy Instruction and EFL learners’ Listening Comprehension Ability: A Tale of Two Genders
Saeed Ranjbar Davood Mashhadi Heidar

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261 - (Un)Translatability of Persian Idiomatic Expressions to English in Political Discourse
Alireza Karimi

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262 - The Effects of Cooperative Language Learning Strategies on Learning Active and Passive Structures among Iranian EFL Learners
Abbas Rahmani Mohammad Taghi Hassani

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263 - Non-deterministic Optimal Pricing of VMs in Cloud Environments: An IGDT-based Method
Mona Naghdehforoushha Mehdi Dehghan Takht Fooladi Mohammad Hossein Rezvani Mohammad Mehdi Gilanian Sadeghi

10.22094/jcr.2022.1975425.1288

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264 - RCMS: Requirements Conflict Management and Overlapping Control Strategy in CSOP+RP using Pearson Correlation Coefficient
Soheil Afraz Hassan Rashidi Nasser Mikaeilvand

10.22094/jcr.2022.1964999.1276

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265 - Designing the 3D model of social responsibility for public organizations (Iranian-Islamic approach)
Monavare Sobhani Mohammad Ataei Gholamreza Memarzadeh tehran Mahmood Alborzi

Designing the 3D model of social responsibility for public organizations (Iranian-Islamic approach)The aim of this research designing 3D model of social responsibility for public organizations in Iran. This study, based on the perpouse is development-applied and based o More

Designing the 3D model of social responsibility for public organizations (Iranian-Islamic approach)The aim of this research designing 3D model of social responsibility for public organizations in Iran. This study, based on the perpouse is development-applied and based on methodology is mixed method. To identify the elements of social responsibility we using qualitative methods such as Delphi and get key-informant opinions were refined. In the next step, we used the fuzzy inference system to provide the final 3D model. For analysis, we use SPSS and Matlab softwares.In the first step, for social responsibility seven elements approved, then according to opinions’s connoisseurs and Delphi method for each element determine components. In the second section, results shows the ethical approach and organization strategy have a positive impact on all of the social responsibility elements.Keywords: Social responsibility, Islamic approach, Strategy, Public organizations, fuzzy method.Keywords: Social responsibility, Islamic approach, Strategy, Public organizations, fuzzy method. Manuscript profile

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266 - Investigating the Factors Affecting the Tax Gap in Businessman Recipients of Guilan Province from the point of view of tax officials
alireza Aminkhaki rahmat dheykh hoseini pirkoohi

The present study investigates the factors affecting the tax gap in business taxpayers of Guilan province from the perspective of tax officials. Therefore, in terms of purpose, it is considered practical and in terms of implementation method is in the category of descri More

The present study investigates the factors affecting the tax gap in business taxpayers of Guilan province from the perspective of tax officials. Therefore, in terms of purpose, it is considered practical and in terms of implementation method is in the category of descriptive-survey research. The statistical population of the present study is tax experts and taxpayers, especially in the field of trade in Gilan province (70 people). According to the statistical population, the questionnaire was sent to all individuals by e-mail. Out of seventy emails sent, 67 questionnaires were returned after six reminders. The data collection tool is a standard questionnaire that consists of two parts: general questions (demographic) and specific questions. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were reviewed and confirmed. Finally, the Smirnov Kolmograph test showed that the data were abnormal, so the software used to test the hypotheses was the Smart Pls software. In order to analyze the data in the descriptive statistics section of SPSS 26 software and for inferential statistics in which the relationships between variables are modeled based on the purpose of the research, structural equation modeling (SEM) based on the partial least squares approach (PLS) and Smart PLS 2 software are used. The results showed that frequent auditing activities and selected strategies have a significant effect on the tax gap and the commitment of the tax officer has no effect on the tax gap. Manuscript profile

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267 - Review compliance based on the value of the sales process in the relations between the seller and the buyer with respect to the orientation knowledge dealer in B2B companies focused on the Iran Transfo co.
Narges Alavi Amir Najafi

This study sought to examine the relationship marketing literature, knowledge and institutional memory of the customer's shopping lightbox to clarify how value-based relationships and how to adapt to the process of selling seller buyer buy business in the commercial mar More

This study sought to examine the relationship marketing literature, knowledge and institutional memory of the customer's shopping lightbox to clarify how value-based relationships and how to adapt to the process of selling seller buyer buy business in the commercial marketplace so that he can explain the policy process strategic and value-based selling to both sides express respect for the organization. This research is descriptive method with a literature review, empirical data through interviews with managers and experts in sales and marketing of transformers as a salesman and a customer of the company as seller using data collected at the end of review literature and the findings from interviews, strategic sales process and how to adapt it to the buyer was investigated and how the role of knowledge and relationships in the database and customer's shopping cart in compliance carefully studied and was used to validate models . The results presented suggest ways to improve and sustain relations between seller and buyer, and how to adapt based on the value for both partners and make it clear value. Manuscript profile

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268 - Designing an environmental NGO model with an effective leadership approach
Razieh Taghizadeh Farajollah Rahnavard Hamidreza Yazdani

At present, non-governmental organizations play an important role in civic activities, especially in the context of environmental activities. Many NGOs face leadership challenges regarding human resources and organizational facilities in light of the inconsistency betwe More

At present, non-governmental organizations play an important role in civic activities, especially in the context of environmental activities. Many NGOs face leadership challenges regarding human resources and organizational facilities in light of the inconsistency between their organizational structure and missions. Considering their different nature from other bureaucratic organizations, NGOs have a voluntary and flexible approach since if they do not adapt their structure, culture, and processes to their nature, they will not achieve their main goals. This study aims to design a model of environmental NGOs to effectively lead these organizations using a descriptive-exploratory method for a developmental purpose. Qualitative data collecting was done using interviews. Participants in this study include managers and officials of NGOs with a managerial background in environmental activities. The model was designed using a grounded theory strategy with the Glaser approach. Based on the open and theoretical coding results, the concepts of loop structure and communication, volunteering jobs evaluation, volunteer forces grading, and virtual networks management constitute the category of network organization. Also, the concepts of volunteer recruitment, training, performance evaluation, and service compensation are among the categories of volunteer human resource management. Furthermore, the concepts of participation and equality constitute the category of voluntary and participatory organizational culture. Meanwhile, effective leadership of environmental elements in the form of organizational charter includes the components of participatory, service-oriented, transformational, and legal-oriented. The concepts of voluntary public participation, sustainable development, and sustainable environmental development also constitute the category of environmentally sustainable development. Manuscript profile

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269 - Determining the current situation and strategic position of the National Championship Sport.
Reza Sharbatzade Mehdi Naderinasab Ebrahim Alidoust

The overall purpose of this study was to design a comprehensive plan and determine the strategic position of the country's championship sport.The present study was conducted in terms of mixed research method (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the More

The overall purpose of this study was to design a comprehensive plan and determine the strategic position of the country's championship sport.The present study was conducted in terms of mixed research method (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the research in the qualitative section includes 16 people, including the chairmen of the committees of selected federations, managers of selected federations (Olympic medal chances), managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. The directors of the National Olympic Committee, the coaches of the national teams, the athletes who won medals in the Olympics, the elites and the experts of sports management were selected in a purposeful manner. . To collect data, documents, documents, interviews and study of background literature were used with tools such as: questionnaires and PEST SCAN and SWOT analysis and meetings and holding several strategic steps. The results showed that the comprehensive championship sports program of the Islamic Republic of Iran has 10 strengths, 14 weaknesses, 10 opportunities and 12 threats and a total of 21 strategies. The mission statement, vision statement, core values and goals were also identified. The most important result is that, considering that the strategic position of the championship sport of the Islamic Republic of Iran is located in the WT region, it is suggested that the Ministry of Sports and Youth use defensive strategies. Manuscript profile

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270 - Designing a model for aligning human resource strategies with the strategy of the organization in The field of succession management using Multiple Critria Decision Making Model
fariba bavand savadkohi vahid fallah kiumars khatirpasha

Studies show that there is a significant relationship between human resource strategies and the overall strategy of the organization. Also, the degree of coordination between human resource strategies and the organization's strategy affects the overall performance of th More

Studies show that there is a significant relationship between human resource strategies and the overall strategy of the organization. Also, the degree of coordination between human resource strategies and the organization's strategy affects the overall performance of the organization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between the dimensions of the model of alignment of human resource strategies with the strategy of the organization in the field of succession management in the National Iranian Oil Company. The sample members are 120 managers that, knowing the subject matter, also have been appointed to supervisory / managerial positions. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire that was extracted based on the standard process and based on a qualitative analysis and then its standardization steps were performed during quantitative research, then, The collected data were analyzed with SMARTPLS software. Findings indicate that The highest correlation coefficient was related to the strategy variables with the interventionist conditions with a correlation coefficient of 0.603, also significant at the level of 0.01., and The lowest correlation coefficient obtained with the main category variable with contextual factors with a correlation coefficient of 0.107, which is not significant at the level of 0.05 . Manuscript profile

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271 - Presenting an organizational entrepreneurship model based on corporate governance in the banking industry
hooman foroozanfar Morteza Mousakhani Seyyed Mehdi Alwani Alvani Abolfazl Kazemi

10.22094/jdem.2023.705867

The purpose of this paper is to innovate new processes, including understanding social demand, capturing its industrialization, and innovatively reconfiguring integrated knowledge in order to create sustainable development in the community business context. With the eme More

The purpose of this paper is to innovate new processes, including understanding social demand, capturing its industrialization, and innovatively reconfiguring integrated knowledge in order to create sustainable development in the community business context. With the emergence of new approaches in social networks, definitions and behavioral models of businesses have undergone structural changes.And with modernization in some of its dimensions has led to a redefinition of concepts in the field of business. For this purpose, a model for organizational entrepreneurship based on corporate governance has been used as an economic solution. Since banks and their subsidiaries have the necessary potential to operate in these areas and are involved in business in some way due to new approaches. Therefore, banks should think about integrating the organizational entrepreneurship structure with corporate governance to use this approach in their business ecosystem. Therefore, research was conducted in the context of one of the developed banks in Iran from this perspective. In order to test the findings of this descriptive study, data collection method through a questionnaire was used. And raw data were analyzed using statistical techniques. In order to validate the model, the structural equation method has been used. Based on the results of statistical studies, all factors had the necessary validity. Manuscript profile

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272 - Investigating the Determination of Strategic Strategies in the Budgeting System of Iran
Mohammad Reza Kordloo Karam Allah Danesh Fard Akbar Alam Tabriz Mahdi Taqavi

  Budgeting and budgeting are important in achieving the goals of governments and if implemented correctly can be the source of the impact. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to determine the conventional strategy in the country budgeting system. The st More

  Budgeting and budgeting are important in achieving the goals of governments and if implemented correctly can be the source of the impact. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to determine the conventional strategy in the country budgeting system. The statistical population of the study is budget experts of government agencies and their total is 60 people. According to the prediction of the probability of some experts not willing to participate in the research, the sample size of the quantitative surveys consisting of budget executives' experts was calculated using Cochran formula and 52 persons were selected. This study is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of data collection, descriptive-survey research, and in terms of data type, quantitative and in terms of cross-sectional research. The results show that the component of incremental budgeting in Iran has superiority over programmatic budgeting, cost center budgeting, incentive performance budgeting and zero-based budgeting and budgeting in Iran is incremental and cannot be implemented. In the true sense of the program. Manuscript profile

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273 - A New approach to Resource based view in corporate level strategy in Parent Companies
Seyed Mohammad Erabi Afshin Fattolahi Abdollah Asadzadeh

This paper enriches the resource based view in corporate level strategy and while centralizing on parent companies, replaces the competitive advantage concept- which is a key issue in defining business level strategy- with a parallel term in corporate level strategy nam More

This paper enriches the resource based view in corporate level strategy and while centralizing on parent companies, replaces the competitive advantage concept- which is a key issue in defining business level strategy- with a parallel term in corporate level strategy named parenting advantage and presents it in parent corporate level. Then, it concentrates on internal characteristics of parent companies as the key source of parenting advantage and suggests five advantage-creating characteristics. It also discusses the main role of parenting advantage as a guideline for making twofold decisions at corporate level strategy including portfolio (investment basket), control decisions, and subsidiary enterprise guidance. All these decisions should be assessed on the basis of their effects on developing or sustaining parenting advantage. Finally, competitive position matrix is extended to parenting position matrix which can be applied in parent companies Manuscript profile

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274 - The Impact of new Venture Strategies on Diagnose Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Entrepreneur Firms
Seyed Mahdi Alvin Davood Hosseinpour Hamed Ganjizadeh MoradLo

This study with aim of the effect of new venture strategy on diagnosis entrepreneurial opportunities in parand entrepreneurial companies writen. This study is, functional and quantitative approach and the method of data collection, correlation. The study population will More

This study with aim of the effect of new venture strategy on diagnosis entrepreneurial opportunities in parand entrepreneurial companies writen. This study is, functional and quantitative approach and the method of data collection, correlation. The study population will all managers in the industrial township of Tehran Province (197 ceo) are the estimated number (125-CEO) to randomly selected and studied. The Data through software Smartpls and Spss analyzed. The results showed a positive and significant impact of new venture strategy is to diagnosis entrepreneurial opportunities in entrepreneurial companies and mean variables in the study population have been evaluated at an acceptable level. The effect of three components of the independent variable (product innovation, market breadth and marketing alliance strategy) on the dependent variable (diagnosis of entrepreneurial opportunities) factors of differentiation of marketing approval but was rejected. The dimensions are impressive, the market breadth has been more effective than others. Manuscript profile

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275 - University of Industries and Mines suitability evaluation of strategy implementation model in water and wastewater firms
Ahmad ali Amini Alashti Seyed Mohammad Aarsbi Mahmoud shirazi

This research to analyze the role of aligning organizational elements and operational plan as the main variables that affect the execution of strategy. This research is based on the result, developmental, based on objective, descriptive- explanatory, based on the type o More

This research to analyze the role of aligning organizational elements and operational plan as the main variables that affect the execution of strategy. This research is based on the result, developmental, based on objective, descriptive- explanatory, based on the type of data, quantitative .The strategy of the research on the quantitative method is Surveys, the Structural Modeling Equation (Partial Least Squares) . The results of the survey (SmartPLS), indicates that Since the t- values are higher than 1.96 in all structures and even higher than 2.58, So at a significance level of 0.01, with 99% can be confirmed to the accuracy relationship between all the model constructs of strategy implementation water and sewage company. R Squares values showed that the structures latent : alignment with 0.671 and functional elements 0.814 have strong structural model fitness and structures latent operational programs with 0.592, behavioral - structural factors with .633 have high average fitness and proportionality environmental factors with .352 has average fitness , therefore, it can be concluded that these structures have a very good and proper structural model fitness . Also according to the GOF(0.61), model derived from the grounded theory to have strong overall fitness And thus as an appropriate model for implementation of the strategy Tehran Province Water and Wastewater Company was confirmed   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

276 - Indirect Effects of Organizational Factors and Knowledge Management in Saipa Co
Reza Vaezi Hamid Foroozanfar

Nowadays, one of the most important strategic resources in automotive companies is knowledge management and organizational factors, which researchers and experts are seeking to understand how to effectively use so that   the companies become more effective and More

Nowadays, one of the most important strategic resources in automotive companies is knowledge management and organizational factors, which researchers and experts are seeking to understand how to effectively use so that   the companies become more effective and gain a competitive advantage.In this paper, (Case: Saipa car company) knowledge management plays a mediation role in the relationship between organizational factors (structure, culture, strategy) and the effectiveness of the organization. The method of this paper is descriptive- correlation, drawing on structural equation model. The results indicate that there were a significant relationship between organizational structure and culture (except strategy) and knowledge management. Also, there was significant relationship between organizational factors (structure, culture, strategy) and organizational effectiveness and between knowledge management organizational effectiveness. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

277 - ying Executive Effects of the Project of Organizing Real State Contracts
reza vaezi masoud soltani fath hamid tamimi

People’s expectations about services quality and also the way in which they are presented are changing increasingly. Government and organizations should be responsible for these requirements and expectations. Nowadays organizations success depends on the alignment More

People’s expectations about services quality and also the way in which they are presented are changing increasingly. Government and organizations should be responsible for these requirements and expectations. Nowadays organizations success depends on the alignment of business strategy of organization and information of technology strategy. Having supposed that there is a connection between private and governmental distribution, directors of real state agencies union tried to draw up andperform the project of organizing real tateontracts of thecountry and some purposes are considered for this project. The purpose of this research is to study the approaches of proving above-mentioned goals of the project to be true by relying on the concepts and theories of electronic government, services and strategy of developing services. These research hypotheses  have been made according to the study on way of implementation of organizing the elements of real state contracts, information transparency, controlling the contracts and integration within other related organizations. Researche in this study is done by description - survey. In order to gather some data, questionnaires have been used. They were distributed among 200 real state agencies located in Tehran city. 190 of them were completed and prepared for analysis. The hypo thesises test results showed the meaningful impact of two major and two minor hypo thesises. The result of repetitive measurement test led to the most grades and implementation of controlling the contracts in major hypo thesises  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

278 - The Effects of Organizational Innovations and Competitive Cost Leadership Strategy Performance though Competitive Advantages
Mehdi Mortazavi Mehsi Rasoli Ghahrodi Arezo Rostami

The main objective of the organization, improve performance and achieve a level of excellence and sustainability for the survival, growth and profitability and respond to the needs of society. This study examines the impact of organizational innovation and cost leadersh More

The main objective of the organization, improve performance and achieve a level of excellence and sustainability for the survival, growth and profitability and respond to the needs of society. This study examines the impact of organizational innovation and cost leadership organizational performance through pays competitive advantage. In this study three aspects: product innovation, process and performance. The dependent variable dimensions, including financial, customer, internal processes, growth and learning. The purpose of applied research and the nature and method of research is descriptive and quantitative data. In this study, a questionnaire was used to collect data. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling was performed using the software lisrl. The questionnaire consists of 54 questions drawn from Latin literature among producers is tested and simple random sampling was used to select the sample. Reliability using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability and validity by experts and conducted by AVE. 320 questionnaires have been distributed among the population.The findings show that innovation does not directly have a positive impact on performance through the impact of competitive advantage. Cost leadership, both directly and through a positive impact competitive advantage. Organizational innovation and cost leadership of through competitive advantage significant and positive impact on organizational performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

279 - The Relationship between Organizational Culture and Strategy Using a Globe Model
Mohsen Ghadami Parisa Aliniaye Lakani

Organizational culture, promoter pattern of shared values, beliefs and customs and norms are in the organization that affect to organizational strategy. In the knowledge age, with increased innovation and development of emerging markets, promoting live and advanced tech More

Organizational culture, promoter pattern of shared values, beliefs and customs and norms are in the organization that affect to organizational strategy. In the knowledge age, with increased innovation and development of emerging markets, promoting live and advanced technologies and expansion of e-business, condition for success is to take advantage of the opportunities and to face ahead challenges. All of these cases require that the organizational culture and its strategy be well known and investigated so by knowing the culture and its attunement with appropriate strategies in organization won in a competitive world. This study is a relationship between organizational culture and organizational strategies in Gohar Rood Road Building Company that in this respect was presented a conceptual model and in order to that's test, one main hypothesis with title relationship between culture and strategy, and four lateral hypothesis, relationship between culture and globalization, relationship between customer-oriented and culture, relationship between culture and many-sided business models, and the relationship between culture and synergic, was investigated and formulated in organization that in the first three hypothesis with high points, and the final hypothesis were confirmed by a very poor point. Research method is descriptive- survey, Statistical population of research is employees working in the Gohar Rood organizations and its subsidiaries. Data collection tool in this research is the questionnaire that was measured its reliability and validity. In the first stage, 317 questionnaires at the level of company employees, and second stage, 30 questionnaires at the level of top managers were distributed. This research is included of one main hypothesis and four lateral hypotheses. To assess organizational culture was used of Globe proposed model. Using the analysis of the first questionnaire, it was found that the organization dominant culture is under study of participatory culture. Also results showed that the relationship between organizational culture and organizational strategy is higher than average, it was offered according the high power difference level in Gohar Rood organization, are identified indicators for identification and its reduction in organization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

280 - Identifying the Factors Influencing the Execution of Chapter 9 of Services Management Act
Zohreh Danaesfahani Habibollah Taherpour

Current research has been done with the aim of identifying the effective factors contributing to the execution of “Chapter nine of civil services management Act (employee's empowerment)” in government organizations. In order to conduct research based on desc More

Current research has been done with the aim of identifying the effective factors contributing to the execution of “Chapter nine of civil services management Act (employee's empowerment)” in government organizations. In order to conduct research based on descriptive-surveying methodology, a questionnaire was devised. Drawing on theoretical literature and ideas of advisor, counseling professors and experts, 27 questions were included in the questionnaire. After determining sample size, questionnaire was distributed among executers of this law in Tehran and Qazvin executive organizations which had been selected randomly. SPSS Software and factorial design were used to analyze research results.Research results showed that six factors were considered as effective factors influencing the execution of chapter nine of civil services management Act .These factors are as follow in order of their priority: “Information Technology and Executer Tendency”, “Support and Participation", "Organizing”, “Modality of Strategy”, “Social Condition and Simplicity of Strategy” and “Coordination”. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

281 - The Effect of Environmental Risks, Corporate Strategy and Capital Structure on Firm Performance in Petro chemistry Industry
maryam khalili araghy beitollah akbari moghadam masoumeh ataollahi

Many scientists have studied coaxial model which examines the relationship between Environment Risk, Corporate Strategy and Capital Structure on Firm Performance. The present study tries to use the existing structures and theories in the context of financial management More

Many scientists have studied coaxial model which examines the relationship between Environment Risk, Corporate Strategy and Capital Structure on Firm Performance. The present study tries to use the existing structures and theories in the context of financial management and corporate strategy to examine the influence of these variables on the performance. It also aims to shed light on the relationship between financial management and corporate strategy. To examine the relationship between structures and dimensions and to understand the existence of their relationship, some alternatives investigated by the previous studies have been reviewed. In designing this project, the data on petrochemical companies gathered within a period of 5 year (2001-2005) were investigated. All companies holding shares in Tehran Stock Exchange Hall of Petrochemical Industries comprise the statistical population of the study. To analyze the research data, descriptive statistics including means, standard deviation as well as inferential statistics including correlation coefficients, Pearson and ANOVA tests were carried out by SPSS software. In general, the results show that the variable of coaxial model consisting of the environment risks, corporate strategy and capital structure have somehow an impact on the company performance. To sum up, the use of the model such as the coaxial model has a positive effect on corporate performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

282 - The impact of human resource strategies to gain competitive advantage with the mediating role of organizational agility
Ghanbar Amirnejad Zhale Azhdari

One of the most important factors that lead to access competitive advantage is organizational agility. Capability and flexibility of human resources plays an important role in the organizational success, in agile organizations that experiences Continuous environmental c More

One of the most important factors that lead to access competitive advantage is organizational agility. Capability and flexibility of human resources plays an important role in the organizational success, in agile organizations that experiences Continuous environmental changes. Human resource strategy with determination, implementation of plans and programs, develop Human Resource competence for responding the future needs of internal and external environment and access the organizational success. Hence, the aim of this research is develop a model to gain competitive advantage as well to create organizational agility capabilities as a tool to cope with continuous and unpredictable changes with a special emphasis on the human resources. In fact, our suggest is to use effective human resource strategies for training and creating agile human resources to access desired organizational results. This study is a Applied-descriptive research and been done in Islamic Azad University of Shoushtar. The study population is consisting of 200 masters and 40 managers that were selected 132 masters and 36 managers as sample with using stratified sampling method. In order to the hypothesis test, we used structural equation modeling. Data from the questionnaires got analyze with SPSS and LISREL statistical software. The results showed human resources strategy has a significant positive impact on the competitive advantages with the mediation of organizational agility. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

283 - Proposing a Hybrid Model of Fuzzy Multi Attribute Decision Making for Prioritizing and Selecting Maintenance Strategies
Ali Mohtashami Mohamad Miri Asl

  The purpose of this paper to evaluate the preferred maintenance strategy is multi-criteria decision-making methods. For the purpose of decision making under uncertainty has been studied, So that all data is arranged in a triangular fuzzy number. In the proposed More

  The purpose of this paper to evaluate the preferred maintenance strategy is multi-criteria decision-making methods. For the purpose of decision making under uncertainty has been studied, So that all data is arranged in a triangular fuzzy number. In the proposed method of this paper, the weights are calculated Then Strategies and then taking measures with the fuzzy TOPSIS method, fuzzy vikor and Fuzzy Simple Additive Weighting rankings were. Then, taking into account the ranking obtained using these methods and techniques Copeland and Average Rating final ranking of strategies was calculated. In order to assess the performance of the model, a case study was carried out at Bid Boland Gas Refinery Co and Results obtained from the use of this method is presented in the target company. The results indicate that the model is an appropriate model for preventive maintenance strategy selecting. Finally, suggestions for future research are presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

284 - A New Model for the Selection of Parent Strategy in Multi Business Companies (By a Case Study)
sadegh abedi reza radfar

"Parents (mother) strategy", i.e. the strategy used in multi-level enterprises, has recently grown as one of the main subjects of study in strategic planning field. Since the multi level enterprises have different sub enterprises (affiliates) dealing with diverse busine More

"Parents (mother) strategy", i.e. the strategy used in multi-level enterprises, has recently grown as one of the main subjects of study in strategic planning field. Since the multi level enterprises have different sub enterprises (affiliates) dealing with diverse businesses in different environments, we cannot define the same strategic approach for all of them. Evidence shows that the number of multi level enterprises is continuously on increase. More than 200000 multi level enterprises with multi business were working in 2000. The figure is estimated to reach 500000 by 2005. Therefore; the main challenge is to develop an approach for determining the quality of management and interactions with the affiliated firms. We will analyze strategy in mother enterprises' level in terms of business units' performances versus organizations' life. This paper will thoroughly describe the proposed model by drawing on a case study. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

285 - Effects of strategic values of e-commerce on adopting e-commerce in food industry SMEs at Qazvin
Ali Badizadeh Sahar Ershad

The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of strategic values of e-commerce on adopting e-commerce in Qazvin SMEs, food industry. This research, regarding the purpose is applied and regarding the information and data collection method is descriptive-surv More

The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of strategic values of e-commerce on adopting e-commerce in Qazvin SMEs, food industry. This research, regarding the purpose is applied and regarding the information and data collection method is descriptive-survey, that the need information gathered through library studies by note taking and the need data gathered through fieldwork studies by questionnaire. The statistical populations were the managers of small and medium-size companies of food industry, that by using the Morgan table, 194 samples studied through simple random sampling method proportionate to the intra-cluster size. For data analysis, about demographic used the descriptive statistic and about hypothesizes test used the inferential statistic. The results showed, the enterprise support variable with the 0.79 factor has the most effect on strategic values of e-commerce and the perceived usefulness variable with the 0.70 factor has the most effect on e-commerce adoption. In addition, strategic values of e-commerce variable with the 0.87 factor have positive and meaningful effects on its adoption. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

286 - Assessment Talent Management Strategy on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment Knowledge Worker
Ebrahim Rajabpour Jahanshah Chartab Moghadam

The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between talent management strategy, job satisfaction and organizational commitment of employees. The research based on objective is implicated and based on Data collection methods is survey and based on struct More

The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between talent management strategy, job satisfaction and organizational commitment of employees. The research based on objective is implicated and based on Data collection methods is survey and based on structural equation modeling. Research population knowledge worker at Research Institute of Petroleum Industry included 700 people, among whom 202 subjects were randomly selected. Research To collect data, Researcher made questionnaire talent management strategy Minnesota's job satisfaction questionnaire and Allen & Meyer questionnaire for organizational commitment were used، based on five point scales (from very high to very little). Face and content validity was used to evaluate questionnaires Validity. Also, Cronbach's alpha was used to establish the reliability of instruments، 0.88، 0.84 and 0.96 for each questionnaire respectively. Data was analyzed by using the statistical software SPSS and LISREL. Results showed that there are strong positive causal relationships between talent management strategy and job satisfaction and also between talent management strategy and organizational commitment. Furthermore the results indicated that relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment is not significant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

287 - A Hybrid Method Based on Fuzzy AHP and VIKOR for the Discrete Time-Cost-Quality Trade-off Problem
alireza eydi Hiva Farughi farid abdi

10.22094/joie.2016.208

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288 - A Bi-objective Non-linear Approach for Determining the Ordering Strategy for Group B in ABC Analysis Inventory
Fatemeh Keshavarz-Ghorbani Seyed Hamid Reza Pasandideh

10.22094/joie.2021.1864151.1634

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Open Access Article

289 - Electrical Energy Management of Industrial Consumers to Increase Profitability with an Optimal Control Strategy - a case study
Mahmoud Zadehbagheri Mohammadjavad Kiani Ali Asghar Ghanbari

10.22094/joie.2023.1990557.2085

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290 - Designing a Marketing Strategy for the Development of Industrial Tourism in the Region
Bohdan Danylyshyn Oleksandra Olshanska Yuliia Zabaldina Roman Mazurets Sergii Khlopiak Liliia Pivnova

10.22094/joie.2020.677809

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291 - Innovation Management of Enterprises: Legal Provision and Analytical Tools for Evaluating Business Strategies
Olena Bilovodska Andrii Kholostenko Zhanna Mandrychenko Olha Volokitenko

10.22094/joie.2020.677820

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Open Access Article

292 - The relationship between attachment styles and child-parent conflict resolution strategies and self-efficacy with the attitudes of children toward parents
Ameneh Khalatbari

This study aims to determine the relationship between attachment styles and child-parent conflict resolution strat-egies and self-efficacy with the attitudes of children toward parents. Statistical population was of all high school students in Tonekabon city in 2015-201 More

This study aims to determine the relationship between attachment styles and child-parent conflict resolution strat-egies and self-efficacy with the attitudes of children toward parents. Statistical population was of all high school students in Tonekabon city in 2015-2016 who were selected as the cluster sampling method with a size of 150 samples. The research method is correlational. The results showed that:- Four variables of father’s aggression, mother’s argument, physical aggression of mother and self-efficiency of prediction power has the positive attitude of child towards father.- Four variables of father’s aggression, mother’s argument, self-efficiency and child’s aggres-sion has the prediction power of child’s positive attitude towards mother.As a result, it can be said that:For a posi-tive attitude of father, his aggression has the highest prediction power and self-efficiency has the least prediction power. However, for the positive attitude of mother, father’s aggression has the highest prediction power and child’s aggression has the least prediction power. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

293 - Designing a women entrepreneurship model
Iraj Saghafi Yousef Beigzadeh Mojtaba Ramezani Yaqub Alavi Matin Yahya dadashkarimi

10.30495/jwsf.2021.1926807.1557

From a total of 7 units of public institutions and entrepreneurs in West Azerbaijan province of Urmia, which employ about 10 to 15 entrepreneurs in each unit, the total number of people participating in this study, including experts, has reached 225 people. Therefore, t More

From a total of 7 units of public institutions and entrepreneurs in West Azerbaijan province of Urmia, which employ about 10 to 15 entrepreneurs in each unit, the total number of people participating in this study, including experts, has reached 225 people. Therefore, the statistical sample size using Morgan table is estimated to be 141 people. The sampling method is stratified random. In this research, in order to collect information to prepare and compile research literature, the library method has been used and in order to collect data to investigate research questions, a researcher-made questionnaire has been used. Obviously, the designed questionnaire has also been examined in terms of validity and reliability. In this research, in order to analyze the characteristics of the respondents to the questionnaire, tables and graphs have been used. Exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze the collected data and the final model was extracted. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed through SPSS and PLS software. Research findings show what are the patterns of women entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

294 - Development of IRIB strategy for the election in Iran using the SWOT matrix method
Ali Dadkhah Mohamad Soltanifar Ali Jafari

10.30495/jss.2023.1977469.1534

The purpose of the current research is to compile a IRIB strategy for the election using the SWOT matrix method, which was carried out using a mixed method. The statistical population in the qualitative part was the managers of broadcasting centers of the provinces and More

The purpose of the current research is to compile a IRIB strategy for the election using the SWOT matrix method, which was carried out using a mixed method. The statistical population in the qualitative part was the managers of broadcasting centers of the provinces and media professors, and in the quantitative part was university professors and doctoral students of media. In the qualitative stage, 18 people were selected and based on the principle of theoretical adequacy, and in the quantitative stage, 60 people were randomly selected. A semi-structured interview was used in the qualitative phase and a researcher-made questionnaire was used in the quantitative phase. In the qualitative part, qualitative content analysis was used, and in the quantitative stage were used SWOT matrix analysis and quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM). The results showed that IRIB with the prospect of achieving pure media production capacity and strategic goals; commitment, democracy and trust building, creativity and innovation, process orientation and continuous improvement of processes by compiling and producing quality content and transparent media management, in the direction of the mission; satisfaction-oriented, justice-oriented and enlightening and explanatory; It was obtained with internal factors (10 factors), external factors (6 factors) as optimal strategies for the elections. Based on the final score of the evaluation matrix of internal factors (2.63), external factors (2.72), the strategic position of IRIB is in line with the maximum coverage of the elections in the SO region, on this basis, the strategies of the offensive region is good for IRIB. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

295 - Securitization as a strategy to fighting political corruption
Hamid Ahmadinejad Saleh Salavarzi Zadeh

10.30495/jss.2023.1976542.1528

   Corruption, as one of the main threats to the security and prosperity of countries, has attracted the attention of thinkers and policy makers for years. The Islamic Republic of Iran is not an exception to this rule, especially since this phenomenon has beco More

   Corruption, as one of the main threats to the security and prosperity of countries, has attracted the attention of thinkers and policy makers for years. The Islamic Republic of Iran is not an exception to this rule, especially since this phenomenon has become one of the main threats to the country in recent years. Political corruption, as the most sensitive type of corruption in Iran, while affecting security in various dimensions and reducing public trust, is combined with the fact that its impact is often not well understood. As a result, political corruption in Iran needs more than new laws and institutions to fight it, it needs to find the root of the reasons for survival and failure to fight it. The purpose of this research is to present a model as a strategy for the success of the fight against corruption while investigating the cause of this failure in the fight against political corruption. Therefore, the central question of this research is; What factors in Iran have led to the ineffectiveness of the fight against political corruption, and what is the successful strategy for this fight? The findings of the research based on the descriptive-analytical method indicate that considering political corruption as a normal problem without an existential threat has led to the ineffectiveness of the approaches to combat it, and therefore securitization is the effective and real way to successfully combat it. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

296 - Sociological analysis of city development strategy using SOAR and SWOT techniques from the perspective of city sociology
Mortezaali Mahdavi Karim Hosseinzadeh Delir Bashir Bey Babaei

10.30495/jss.2023.1974135.1518

The "Urban Development Strategy" approach is considered one of the most important development strategies and has attracted the attention of many scientific circles in Iran in recent years. In this approach, collaborative methods are emphasized and its main goal is to pr More

The "Urban Development Strategy" approach is considered one of the most important development strategies and has attracted the attention of many scientific circles in Iran in recent years. In this approach, collaborative methods are emphasized and its main goal is to provide sustainable urban development through creating social potential to increase the collaborative perspective and public action. The main goal of this research was sociological analysis of city development strategy using SWOT and SOAR techniques from the perspective of city sociology. The research method was documentary and descriptive-analytical. To collect data, observation tools and available information and documents were used. In order to show the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, the SWOT technique was used, and in order to obtain the results and determine the strengths, opportunities and ideals, the SOAR strategic model was used. Considering the location of cities and the active presence of citizens in urban spaces, many international standards can improve the desirability of neighborhoods for citizens. Conflict of interest: Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

297 - Etiology of banking crimes and preventive social and jurisprudential strategies
hoseein Beigi Jamal Beigi fatemeh ahadi

10.3495/jiil.2022.1945831.1616

Due to inflation and sanctions, as well as people's dependence on banks, the issue of banking crime policy-making and strategies to prevent and combat those crimes has been of particular importance in the international and domestic dimensions, to the extent that the Fin More

Due to inflation and sanctions, as well as people's dependence on banks, the issue of banking crime policy-making and strategies to prevent and combat those crimes has been of particular importance in the international and domestic dimensions, to the extent that the Financial Action Task Force and even banks International Settlements, in accordance with these standards, rank banks and their respective styles in countries. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to study the etiology of banking crimes and to provide social and jurisprudential preventive solutions. The main question that the present study seeks to answer is what are the causes of banking crimes and what are the preventive social and jurisprudential solutions in this regard? The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and is written based on documents and library resources. In this regard, the causes of bank crimes, rooting out and preventive social and jurisprudential strategies have been investigated. The findings of the study indicate that some environmental and social factors are involved in the occurrence of banking crimes and criminal policy with a focus on criminalization to eliminate the roots of banking crimes is not useful and instead community-based and growth-oriented social prevention strategies and the same Preventive jurisprudential solutions such as increasing resurrection, belief in God and holding congregational prayers, as well as teaching jurisprudential and religious rules to banking network personnel, adapting banking to Islamic jurisprudence and adding a religious supervisor to the country's banking structure are beneficial. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

298 - Investigating causal relationships of development dimensions of Iran's Higher Education System with future research approach
Mojtaba Tabari Sepideh Modanloo Joybari masoud yousefzadeh Mohammadreza Bagherzadeh

The general purpose of the present study was to investigate the causal relationships between the development criteria of Iran's higher education system and the futures research approach. In terms of purpose, this research is an application that was done with a mixe More

The general purpose of the present study was to investigate the causal relationships between the development criteria of Iran's higher education system and the futures research approach. In terms of purpose, this research is an application that was done with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative) with the exploratory design. The statistical population of the study consisted of faculty members and experts of the Future Research Panel and staff of Islamic Azad Universities in Region 3 of the country in the quantitative and qualitative sections of 20 people and 5878 people. In the qualitative part of the purposive sampling method, 15 people and in the quantitative part by stratified random sampling method and based on Cochran's formula, 361 people were selected as the sample. According to the results, two strategic and structural criteria were identified with coefficients of 0.958 and 0.917, respectively. Also for strategic criteria, 5 sub-criteria of knowledge management (0.923), knowledge commercialization (0.904), internationalization (0.863), university strategy (0.822) and research talent identification (0.811) and for the structural criterion, 5 sub-criteria of financial resources (0.825), futuristic organizational culture (0.810), university infrastructure (0.798), agile organizational structure (0.760) and university independence (0.756) was identified. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

299 - The Role of Oil in the Formulation of Foreign Policy and Security Strategy of United States
ابوالقاسم طاهری قاسم ترابی

American foreign policy, particularly with respect to the oil region of the Middle East, is highly influenced by United States need for oil. The decades’ presence of the United States in the oil rich region of the Middle East along with its high political, economi More

American foreign policy, particularly with respect to the oil region of the Middle East, is highly influenced by United States need for oil. The decades’ presence of the United States in the oil rich region of the Middle East along with its high political, economical and military costs to guarantee oil flow to the United States is indicative of how oil is important in the formulation of Macro foreign policy strategies by the United States. Thus, it is obvious that without an in depth understanding of role of oil in the politics, economy and military strategies of the United State one cannot have a clear grasp and perception of the nature of the security and military strategies formulate by this country. Hence, it is aimed in this article to understand how the goal of guaranteeing the oil flow to the United States influences the formulation of security and military strategy of this nation. Obama’s energy doctrine which is based on the reduction of United States dependence on the imported oil and search for the possibilities of finding new sources of energy and other alternative fuel efficient sources are explored and analyzed in the last part of this article. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

300 - بررسی تأثیر آموزش دانش ژانر از طریق روش چوب بست و استفاده از استراتژی فراشناختی بر مهارت‌های نوشتاری آکادمیک زبان‌آموزان زبان انگلیسی: مطالعه ترکیبی
Masomeh Aghaalikhani Karim Nazari Bagha Shima Ahmadi Azad

10.30495/jal.2024.1996353.1521

این مطالعه ترکیبی با هدف بررسی تأثیر آموزش دانش ژانر از طریق روش چوب بست و استفاده از استراتژی فراشناختی بر مهارت‌های نوشتاری تحصیلی زبان‌آموزان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی (EFL) انجام شد. جامعه اولیه 100 نفر از دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد آموزش زبان انگلیسی (ELT) بودند. More

این مطالعه ترکیبی با هدف بررسی تأثیر آموزش دانش ژانر از طریق روش چوب بست و استفاده از استراتژی فراشناختی بر مهارت‌های نوشتاری تحصیلی زبان‌آموزان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی (EFL) انجام شد. جامعه اولیه 100 نفر از دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد آموزش زبان انگلیسی (ELT) بودند. برای همگن سازی نمونه، آزمون تعیین سطح آکسفورد (OPT) اجرا شد و بر اساس نتایج آن، 75 زبان آموز سطح پیشرفته برای هدف مطالعه انتخاب شدند. سپس به 3 گروه آزمایشی الف (دانش ژانر از طریق روش چوب بست)، گروه آزمایشی ب (استفاده از راهبرد فراشناختی) و گروه کنترل تقسیم شدند. آیلتس آکادمیک رایتینگ تسک 2 به عنوان پیش آزمون و پس آزمون اجرا شد. دوره آموزش 16 جلسه به طول انجامید. مصاحبه های انفرادی نیمه ساختاریافته با 20 دانشجوکه از بین گروه های آزمایشی انتخاب شدند، انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که دانش ژانر از طریق روش چوب بست و استفاده از راهبرد فراشناختی تأثیر قابل توجهی بر مهارت نوشتاری تحصیلی زبان آموزان ایرانی دارد. علاوه بر این، یافته‌ها نشان داد که بین تأثیر دانش ژانر از طریق روش چوب بست و استفاده از راهبرد فراشناختی تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد که در آن دانش ژانر از طریق روش چوب بست تأثیر معنی‌داری بر مهارت نوشتاری تحصیلی زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی نسبت به استفاده از استراتژی فراشناختی دارد. بعلاوه، یافته های کیفی نشان داد که فراگیران دیدگاه های مثبتی را نسبت به دانش ژانر از طریق روش چوب بست و استفاده از استراتژی فراشناختی در توسعه مهارت نوشتاری تحصیلی خود اتخاذ کردند. Manuscript profile

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301 - ارتقا شکل گیری هویت حرفه ای مدرسان تازه کار زبان انگلیسی در آموزش الکترونیکی از طریق بکارگیری راهکارهای مدیریت عکس آنلاین
راضیه فلاح عزیزه چالاک حسین حیدری تبریزی

10.30495/jal.2023.1988919.1499

اگرچه تحثیثات زیادی بر روی موانع موجود بر سر راه مدرسان زبان انگلیسی در توسعه و ارتقا شکل گیری هویت حرفه ای در محیط های آموزشی حضوری و مجازی انجام شده است، مجموعه محدودی از راهکارهای عملی موثر برای بهبود این فرآیند در آموزش الکترونیکی در اختیار مدرسان زبان انگلیسی &ndas More

اگرچه تحثیثات زیادی بر روی موانع موجود بر سر راه مدرسان زبان انگلیسی در توسعه و ارتقا شکل گیری هویت حرفه ای در محیط های آموزشی حضوری و مجازی انجام شده است، مجموعه محدودی از راهکارهای عملی موثر برای بهبود این فرآیند در آموزش الکترونیکی در اختیار مدرسان زبان انگلیسی –به ویژه مدرسان تازه کار— قرار دارد؛ مخصوصا که در پی همه گیری کووید-19 اولویت های آموزشی اساسا تغییر کرد. از این رو، هدف از تحقیق حاضر عبارت است از مطالعه شکل گیری هویت حرفه ای مدرسان تازه کار زبان انگلیسی، بررسی تاثیر احتمالی راهکارهای مدیریت عکس آنلاین در این فرآیند و تعیین راهکارهایی است که بیشتر ترجیح داده می شوند. از طریق نمونه گیری در دسترس، 184 مدرس مرد و زن تازه کار زبان انگلیسی جهت شرکت در مطالعه شبه تجربی انتخاب شدند. در تحقیق حاضر، از دو ابزار اصلی گردآوری داده از طریق پلتفورم مجازی پلنت استفاده شد: پرسشنامه هویت حرفه ای ادراکی و مصاحبه آنلاین کمّی. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها نیز از آمار توصیفی و آزمون تی مستقل استفاده شد. نتایج تحقیق تایید کرد که مدرسان تازه کار ایرانی زبان انگلیسی از هویت حرفه ای پایینی برخوردارند و تاثیر گذاری تعیین کننده راهکارهای مدیریت عکس آنلاین در این فرآیند نیز ثابت شد. همچنین نتایج راهکارها و شیوه های تفکر مطلوب این دسته از مدرسان را در افزایش دانش دیجیتال مشخص کرد. Manuscript profile

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302 - تدریس استراتژی استنتاج لغوی وتاثیر آن بر درک مطلب خواندن زبان آموزان ایرانی
زهرا حسن زاده نسرین حدیدی تمجید سعیده آهنگری

10.30495/jal.2021.679373

پژوهش حاضر به بررسی تاثیر استفاده از راهکارهای آموزشی استنتاج لغوی بر درک مطلب خواندن زبان آموزان ایرانی پرداخته است. به همین منظور 45 زبان آموز از آموزشگاه زبان انگلیسی سیمین واقع در شهرستان رشت از بین 60 نفر براساس تست OQP  که نمراتشان بین 40 تا 47 بود به عنوان ا More

پژوهش حاضر به بررسی تاثیر استفاده از راهکارهای آموزشی استنتاج لغوی بر درک مطلب خواندن زبان آموزان ایرانی پرداخته است. به همین منظور 45 زبان آموز از آموزشگاه زبان انگلیسی سیمین واقع در شهرستان رشت از بین 60 نفر براساس تست OQP  که نمراتشان بین 40 تا 47 بود به عنوان افراد شرکت کننده در تحقیق حاضر انتخاب شدند. زبان آموزان در دو کلاس یکی بعنوان گروه آزمایش (24 نفر) و دیگری گروه کنترل (21 نفر) بودند. در گروه آزمایش راهکار استنتاج لغوی جهت پیدا کردن معانی لغات جدید و ارتقاء سطح درک مطلب خواندن آنها تدریس و بکار گرفته شد. در گروه کنترل، آموزش درک مطلب خواندن بطور سنتی با تاکید بر ترجمه لغات جدید صورت میگرفت. نتایج پیش آزمون و پس آزمون درک مطلب خواندن حاکی از بهبود این توانایی در گروه آزمایش در مقایسه با گروه کنترل بود. بر مبنای یافته ها چنین نتیجه گیری گردید که راهکار استنتاج لغوی میتواند موجب بهبود توانایی های شناختی زبان آموزان در استنتاج معانی لغات جدید باشد که این به نوبه خود درک مطلب خواندن را میتواند تسهیل کند. Manuscript profile

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303 - آموزش استراتژی خودتنظیم گر بر درستی و انسجام نوشتار در بین فراگیران ایرانی زبان انگلیسی
طیبه عیوضی Iraj Khoshnevis

این مطالعه به بررسی تاثیر آموزش استراتژی خودتنظیم گر بر درستی و انسجام نوشتار در بین فراگیران ایرانی زبان انگلیسی می پردازد. بدین منظور، این تحقیق مدل تدریس اس آر اس را دنبال کرد که این مدل شامل یک تابلو انتقال لغات، مثال ها، و تنظیمگر تصویری بود. برای حصول به اهداف، 50 More

این مطالعه به بررسی تاثیر آموزش استراتژی خودتنظیم گر بر درستی و انسجام نوشتار در بین فراگیران ایرانی زبان انگلیسی می پردازد. بدین منظور، این تحقیق مدل تدریس اس آر اس را دنبال کرد که این مدل شامل یک تابلو انتقال لغات، مثال ها، و تنظیمگر تصویری بود. برای حصول به اهداف، 50 فراگیر ایرانی زبان انگلیسی که در سطح متوسط قرار داشتند در این مطالعه شرکت داده شدند. طرح تحقیق از نوع تجربی بود که در آن امتحان تعیین سطح، پیش و پس آزمون و نمونه گیری تصادفی به کار گرفته شد. تحلیل های آزمون های نوشتاری در گروههای کنترل و آزمایش، نشانگر تاثیر آموزش استراتژی خودتنظیم گر بر توانایی نوشتاری نمونه های مورد مطالعه بود. یافته ها حاکی از آن بود که مدرسان زبان به بعد فراشناختی نوشتار و به اهمیت آموزش استراتژیهای خودتنظیم گر به مثابه راهی برای دستیابی به استقلال نوشتاری، واقف شده و بدآن توجه نمودند.  Manuscript profile

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304 - بررسی تاثیر تکنیک آموزش گروهی راهبردی خواندن بر کاهش اضطراب خواندن زبان آموزان
Shabnam Abbasnezhad مسعود ذوقی

مطالعه حاضر تلاشی برای بررسی اثربخشی یک روش آموزش خواندن به نام خواندن گروهی استراتژیکی اصلاحی - -MCSR در کاهش اضطراب خواندن زبان آموزان متوسط زبان انگلیسی بود. بر اساس یک طرح پیش آزمون و پس آزمون، MCSR با 64زبان آموززبان انگلیسی در سطح متوسط انجام شد. آنها با توجه More

مطالعه حاضر تلاشی برای بررسی اثربخشی یک روش آموزش خواندن به نام خواندن گروهی استراتژیکی اصلاحی - -MCSR در کاهش اضطراب خواندن زبان آموزان متوسط زبان انگلیسی بود. بر اساس یک طرح پیش آزمون و پس آزمون، MCSR با 64زبان آموززبان انگلیسی در سطح متوسط انجام شد. آنها با توجه به MCSR بیش از دو و نیم ماه آموزش خواندن EFL دریافت کردند . پرسشنامه ای به نام EFLRAI  در پیش آزمون و پس آزمونبه گروه ارائه شد. نتایج کمی نشان داد که دانش آموزان شرکت کننده دستاوردهای قابل توجهی در کاهش اضطراب خواندن را نشان داد ند. این مطالعه درک مارا نسبت به تاثیرگزاربودن روش MCSR  بیشتر کرده و همچنین تاثیر استفاده از استراتژیهایی مانند MCSR  را در غلبه بر مشکل بزرگ اضطراب خواندن در بین دانش آموزان EFL را شرح داد . معلمان توجهشان را از استفاده از روشهای سنتی تدریس مهارت ضروری خواندن به روشهای مدرن مانند MCSR تغیر دادند تا اضطراب و استرس دانش آموزانشان در خواندن را کاهش دهند. Manuscript profile

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305 - تأ ثیر سه شیوه آموزشی واژ گان :اجزا ء سازنده واژ گان ، فلش کارت و سر نخ های با فتی بر یاد سپاری فوری و با تأ خیر واژگان دانش آ موزان پایه سوم دبیر ستان
عباس ابراهیمیان نساء نبی فر

هدف از پژ وهش حا ضر مقایسه ی تا ثیر سه  شیوه آ موزشی  واژگان :شیوه تدریس اجزا ء سا زنده واژ ها ، فلش کارت و استفاده از شیوه سر نخ  های متنی  بر یاد سپاری بلا فا صله   و با تأ خیر  واژگان  دانش آ موزان پا یه سوم دبیر ستان های  More

هدف از پژ وهش حا ضر مقایسه ی تا ثیر سه  شیوه آ موزشی  واژگان :شیوه تدریس اجزا ء سا زنده واژ ها ، فلش کارت و استفاده از شیوه سر نخ  های متنی  بر یاد سپاری بلا فا صله   و با تأ خیر  واژگان  دانش آ موزان پا یه سوم دبیر ستان های  ایران است.به همین دلیل نود دانش آ موز در این پژ وهش شر کت نمو دند که مشغول تحصیل در  مدارس تبریز  بودند.برای اطمینان از همگن بودن  آن ها ، آزمون پت به آ ن ها داده شد ، بر پایه نتا یج بدست آ مده بیست نفر از هر کلاس انتخاب شدند و این سه کلاس دست نخورده به صورت تصا د فی در سه گروه آ موزشی قرار گر فته اند. ابتدا به عنوان پیش آزمون  شصد  واژه به عنوان پیش آ زمون به آن ها داده شد که چهل تا از آ ن ها نا شنا خته برای دانش آ موزان بودند، هر کلاس تحت تدریس یک شیوه قرار گر فت ، و آ موزش های لازم داده شد .برای فهمیدن تأثیر هر شیوه تدریس در آ خرین جلسه پس آ زمون  متشکل از چهل واژه داده شد و بعد از چهار هفته پس آ مون با  تا خیر داده شد و نمرات بدست آمده با استفاده از آ مون انو وا مقایسه شد .نتا یج بدست آ مده نشان داد که تا ثیر سر نخ  های با فتی بر یادگیری واژ ها بیشتر از شیو های دیگر است .نتا یج بدست آمده مفید برای اساتید زبان ،دانش آ موزان ، مدارس و دانشگا ها است Manuscript profile

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306 - تاثیر بالابردن میزان آگاهی از طریق آموزش راهکارهای فراشناختی (طرح ریزی کردن و خود مدیریت کردن) بر روی مهارت خواندن فراگیران ایرانی انگلیسی برای اهداف خاص
سعیده آهنگری فاطمه محسنی

مطالعه حاضر به بررسی تاثیر بالابردن میزان آگاهی از طریق آموزش راهکارهای فراشناختی (طرح ریزی کردن و خود مدیریت کردن) بر روی مهارت خواندن فراگیران ایرانی انگلیسی برای اهداف خاص پرداخت. شرکت کنندگان این تحقیق که دانشجویان مهندسی عمران دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بویین زهرا بودند ب More

مطالعه حاضر به بررسی تاثیر بالابردن میزان آگاهی از طریق آموزش راهکارهای فراشناختی (طرح ریزی کردن و خود مدیریت کردن) بر روی مهارت خواندن فراگیران ایرانی انگلیسی برای اهداف خاص پرداخت. شرکت کنندگان این تحقیق که دانشجویان مهندسی عمران دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بویین زهرا بودند به دو گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه کنترل تقسیم شدند. هر یک از گروه ها شامل 21 دانشجو بود. در مرحله اول یک آزمون مهارت خواندن به عنوان پیش آزمون به هر سه گروه داده شد. در مرحله دوم دانشجویان در دو گروه آزمایشی در پنج جلسه از آموزش طرح ریزی کردن و خود مدیریت کردن براساس روش  CALLAبهره مند شدند در صورتیکه دانشجویان در گروه کنترل آموزشی ندیدند. در مرحله سوم پس از کامل شدن دوره آموزش یک آزمون مهارت خواندن به عنوان پس آزمون به آنها داده شد. براساس تحلیل داده ها دانشجویان در دو گروه آموزشی عملکرد بهتری نسبت به دانشجویان در گروه کنترل از خود نشان دادند. بنابراین نتیجه گیری می شود که آموزش راهکارهای فراشناختی (طرح ریزی کردن و خود مدیریت کردن) تاثیر و نقش بسزایی در مهارت خواندن دانشجویان داشت.  Manuscript profile

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307 - تاثیراستراتژی طرح سوال بر مبنای متن بصورت گروهی و یا انفرادی بر درک مطلب خواندن زبان آموزان ایرانی
شهونم کدخدائی Nasrin Hadidi

درک مطب خواندن یکی از مهمترین مهارتها، بویژه در بافت انگلیسی بعنوان زبان خارجی است. یک روش جهت بهبود آن کاربرد استراتژی هاست. هدف تحقیق حاضر، بررسی تاثیر استراتژی طرح سوالات بر درک مطلب خواندن زبان آموزان است. شرکت کنندگان این تحقیق 63 زبان آموز در سطح متوسط در 3 کلاس د More

درک مطب خواندن یکی از مهمترین مهارتها، بویژه در بافت انگلیسی بعنوان زبان خارجی است. یک روش جهت بهبود آن کاربرد استراتژی هاست. هدف تحقیق حاضر، بررسی تاثیر استراتژی طرح سوالات بر درک مطلب خواندن زبان آموزان است. شرکت کنندگان این تحقیق 63 زبان آموز در سطح متوسط در 3 کلاس در موسسه رسا در شهر بو کان بودند که بطور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه کنترل قرار گرفتند. آنها به دو نمونه از بخش خواندن تست استاندارد پت بعنوان پیش آزمون و پس آزمون پاسخ دادند. زبان آموزان در گروه آزمایشی آ سوالات درک مطلب خواندن را بر مبنای متون داده شده  بصورت انفرادی طرح می کردند. در گروه آزمایشی ب طرح سوالات در گروههای 3 نفره صورت می گرفت. در گروه کنترل ، زبان آموزان به سوالات مندرج در کتاب پاسخ می دادند. نتایج آنالیز آنووا نشان داد که زبان آموزان در گروه ب که سوالات را بصورت گروهی طرح می کردند بهتر از زبان آموزان در گروه آ که سوالات را بصورت انفرادی طرح می کردند و گروه کنترل به پس آزمون درک مطلب خواندن پاسخ دادند. یافته های این تحقیق می تواند برای معلمان زبان انگلیسی و افرادی که سر فصل دروس انگلیسی را می نویسند مفید باشد. Manuscript profile

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308 - راهکار خواندن انتقادی تطبیقی و تاٌثیر آن بر مهارت نوشتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی
مژگان رشتچی محمد آقاجان زاده

هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی تاٌثیر راهکار خواندن انتقادی تطبیقی بر مهارت نوشتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی است. به همین منظور شصت زبان آموز دختر و پسر بین سنین 19 تا 27 به طور تصادفی به دو گروه شاهد و تجربی تقسیم شدند. اعضای  گروه تجربی متن هایی را که از نظر موضوع شبیه ب More

هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی تاٌثیر راهکار خواندن انتقادی تطبیقی بر مهارت نوشتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی است. به همین منظور شصت زبان آموز دختر و پسر بین سنین 19 تا 27 به طور تصادفی به دو گروه شاهد و تجربی تقسیم شدند. اعضای  گروه تجربی متن هایی را که از نظر موضوع شبیه به هم بودند  خواندند و مقایسه کردند، در حالی که گروه شاهد مهارت خواندن را به شیوه متداول تمرین  کردند، یعنی متن ها را خواندند و به سوالات درک مطلب پاسخ  دادند. نتایج حاصل از بررسی آماری نشان داد خواندن انتقادی تطبیقی بر توانایی نوشتاری زبان آموزان در گروه تجربی تاٌثیر معنادار دارد. مقایسه ی مهارت خواندن دو گروه نشان داد تفاوت معناداری بین توانایی خواندن دو گروه وجود ندارد. به عبارت دیگر خواندن انتقادی تطبیقی روشی موٌثر برای بهبود توانایی نوشتاری است ولی مزیتی بر روش های معمول خواندن ندارد.         Manuscript profile

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309 - بررسی ارتباط اضطراب خواندن و راهبرد های خواندن و درک مفاهیم در میان فراگیران زبان انگلیسی با درجات مختلف مهارت زبانی
مجتبی پارسال اصل مرجان وثوقی

10.30495/jal.2019.664543

مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین رابطه میان اضطراب خواندن در زبان انگلیسی و میزان بسندگی در خواندن و راهبردهای مورد استفاده فراگیران در هنگام بروز اضطراب خواندن و نوع استفاده از راهبردها و اضطراب خواندن صورت پذیرفت. بدین منظور، مقیاس اضطراب خواندن زبان خارجی توسط ساییتو و همکار More

مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین رابطه میان اضطراب خواندن در زبان انگلیسی و میزان بسندگی در خواندن و راهبردهای مورد استفاده فراگیران در هنگام بروز اضطراب خواندن و نوع استفاده از راهبردها و اضطراب خواندن صورت پذیرفت. بدین منظور، مقیاس اضطراب خواندن زبان خارجی توسط ساییتو و همکاران (1999) به منظور اندازه‌گیری سطح اضطراب شرکت‌کنندگان در خواندن و نیز پرسشنامه(SORS)  جهت بررسی راهبردهای خواندن اقتباس شده از مختاری و شعاری (2002) مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. پاسخهای شرکتکنندگان (تعداد = 100) در مورد وضعیت اضطراب خواندن و استفاده از راهبردها از طریق دو پرسشنامه ذکر شده جمعآوری شد. پاسخهای فراگیران ایرانی به راهبردهای خواندن در مواجهه با زمینههای اضطرابآور به سه بخش از جمله راهبردهای "جهانی"، "حل مسئله" و "پشتیبانی" بررسی گردید و نتایج بر روی سه نوع اضطراب خواندن از جمله "جزء به کل"، "کل به جزء" و "اضطراب محیطی" مربوط به خواندن کلاسی تحلیل شد. به منظور آزمون رابطه بین راهبردهای خواندن ترجیحی یادگیرندگان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی و سطوح اضطراب آنها، رگرسیون لاجیت چند جمله‌ای مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و مشخص شد که دانشجویان با سطوح اضطراب خواندن پایین، از راهکارهای حل مسئله در مقایسه با راهکارهای پشتیبانی و جهانی استفاده می‌کنند. در خصوص تعامل سطح بسندگی در خواندن فراگیران، نتایج حاکی از آن بود که در میان فراگیران با سطوح اضطراب پایین تر، احتمال استفاده از راهبرد های حل مساله کمتر شده و نتایج به نفع استفاده از راهبرد های پشتیبانی سوق می کند. در نهایت، نتایج احتمالی با توجه به بهبود دستورالعمل‌های خواندن برای دانش آموزان ایرانی مورد بحث قرار گرفته است.   Manuscript profile

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310 - تاثیر راهبردهای اصلاح خطا و استنباط بر روی درک مفاهیم انگلیسی و دیدگاه دانشجویان پیراپزشکی
امیر حسین سرکشیکیان اکبر علی اصغرزاده فاطمه بنا یزدی

10.30495/jal.2020.675544

مطالعات زیادی وجود دارد که تأثیر مثبت آموزش استراتژی بر درک مطلب را نشان میدهد. این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر دو راهبرد خواندن (یعنی تصحیح غلط و استنباط) بر درک مطلب انگلیسی در دانشجویان پیراپزشکی ایرانی با استفاده از آزمون پیش آزمون ، پس آزمون ، گروه گواه می پردازد. همچنین More

مطالعات زیادی وجود دارد که تأثیر مثبت آموزش استراتژی بر درک مطلب را نشان میدهد. این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر دو راهبرد خواندن (یعنی تصحیح غلط و استنباط) بر درک مطلب انگلیسی در دانشجویان پیراپزشکی ایرانی با استفاده از آزمون پیش آزمون ، پس آزمون ، گروه گواه می پردازد. همچنین نگرش آنها در مورد تأثیر و سودمندی این راهکارها بررسی شد. شرکت کنندگان شصت دانشجوی پیراپزشکی بودند که به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس از دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کاشان انتخاب شدند. آنها به طور تصادفی در یک گروه کنترل  و دو گروه ازمایش قرار گرقتند. به گروه آزمایشی اول استراتژی استنباط آموزش داده شد در حالی که به گروه دوم یک استراتژی مبتنی بر تئوری بازجویی داده شد. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل آماری پس آزمون و پرسشنامه نشان داد که گروه راهبرد استباط در پس آزمون به طور قابل توجهی بهتر عمل می کنند. همچنین نتایج داده های پرسشنامه نشان داد که راهبرد استباط به نگرش مثبت منجر می شود. علاوه بر این استنباط در رفع نیازهای دانشگاهی شرکت کنندگان مفیدتر شناخته شد. یافته های پژوهش حاکی از رویکرد مبتنی بر نیاز در آموزش زبان برای اهداف ویژه است Manuscript profile

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311 - تاثیر مقایسه ای مدلهای MRs و CSR بر مهارت درک مطلب زبان آموزان برونگرا و درونگرا
پژمان نورزاد مهناز سعیدی سعیده آهنگری

10.30495/jal.2021.681197

این تحقیق مطالعه تاثیر مقابله ای مدل  CSR و MRS بر درک مطلب زبان آموزان برونگرا و درونگرا میباشد. برای انجام این تحقیق از 325 زبان آموز آموزشگاه زبان معرفت یک آزمون آیلتس گرفته شد که طی آن 225 نفر انتخاب شده و به آنها آزمون شخصیت شناسی آیزنگ ارائه شد که در نهایت 15 More

این تحقیق مطالعه تاثیر مقابله ای مدل  CSR و MRS بر درک مطلب زبان آموزان برونگرا و درونگرا میباشد. برای انجام این تحقیق از 325 زبان آموز آموزشگاه زبان معرفت یک آزمون آیلتس گرفته شد که طی آن 225 نفر انتخاب شده و به آنها آزمون شخصیت شناسی آیزنگ ارائه شد که در نهایت 150 نفر انتخاب شدند. این تعداد نهایی انتخاب شده متشکل از 75 نفز زبان آموز برونگرا و 75 نفر زبان آموز درونگرا بودند. بنابراین این تحقیق متشکل از چهار گروه تجربی و دو گروه کنترل بود: چهار گروه تجربی متشکل از 1 ) 25  زبان آموز برونگرا با مدل CSR ،  2) 25 زبان آموز برونگرا با مدلMRS  ، 3) 25    زبان آموز درونگرا با مدل CSR  و 4) 25 زبان آموز درونگرا با مدل MRS و همچنین دو گروه کنترل متشکل از 25 زبان آموز برونگرا و 25 زبان آموز درونگرا . از دو تست آنکووا جهت آنالیز داده های این تحقیق  استفاده شد که بر مبنای نتایج آنها زبان آموزان درونگرا با مدل (MRS) بهتر از زبان آموزان برونگرا با مدل (MRS) و درونگرا و برونگرا با مدل (CSR)بودند. Manuscript profile

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312 - ارتقاء مهارت خواندن و درک مطلب از طریق آموزش راهبردهای فراشناختی: تأثیر رشته تحصیلی و جنسیت
Zohreh Seifoori

تحقیق حاضربا هدف بررسی تأثیر آموزش راهبردهای فراشناختی بر مهارت خواندن و درک مطلب دانشجویان سال اول در درس زبان عمومی انجام گرفت. آزمودنی‌ها شامل هشت گروه دانشجویان سال اول در قالب هشت کلاس هریک با حدود سی زبان‌آموز در چهار رشته تحصیلی مدیریت، روان‌شناسی، مهندسی مکانیک More

تحقیق حاضربا هدف بررسی تأثیر آموزش راهبردهای فراشناختی بر مهارت خواندن و درک مطلب دانشجویان سال اول در درس زبان عمومی انجام گرفت. آزمودنی‌ها شامل هشت گروه دانشجویان سال اول در قالب هشت کلاس هریک با حدود سی زبان‌آموز در چهار رشته تحصیلی مدیریت، روان‌شناسی، مهندسی مکانیک و مهندسی کامپیوتر بودند که به‌طور تصادفی به چهار گروه تحقیق و چهار گروه شاهد تعیین شدند. ابتدا با انجام آزمون استاندارسطح مبتدی و تحلیل نمرات این آزمون با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس، همگنی اولیه گروه‌ها در انگلیسی عمومی تأیید شده و سپس مطالب آموزشی یکسانی در همه گروه‌ها به مدت 6 جلسه تدریس شدگردید. در گروه‌های تحقیق یک جلسه کامل به تدریس صریح3 مجموعه راهبردهای فراشناختی و 5 راهبرد خواندن شامل درک کلیات متن، درک جزئیات متن، پیش‌خوانی مطلب، استفاده از نشانه‌های بافتی و استنتاج پرداخته شد. در طول شش جلسه آموزشی و حین تدریس فصل‌های مختلف کتاب نیز آموزش‌های مشابه و مختصری درابتدای هرجلسه و در حین انجام فعالیت‌های آموزشی با هدف ایجاد آگاهی فراشناختی در گروه‌های تحقیق انجام گردید. تحلیل داده‌های تحقیق حاصل از پس آزمون خواندن و درک مطلب نشان داد که آموزش راهبردهای فراشناختی در درس زبان عمومی توانسته بود خواندن و درک مطلب آزمودنی‌های مؤنث ومذکر را ارتقا بخشد. گرچه دانشجویان رشته کامپیوتر بالاترین میانگین را در آزمون پایانی کسب نمودند، ضریب تأثیر پایین نشانگرتأثیر جزئی رشته تحصیلی بر نتایج بود. معلمان و اساتید زبان، مؤلفان کتاب‌ها و مطالب آموزشی و مربیان می‌توانند نتایج تحقیق حاضررا مورد استفاده قرار دهند.  Manuscript profile

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313 - تأثیر استفاده از نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی بر گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان انگلیسی بزرگسالان و نوجوانان
نسیم نصر اصفهانی عزیزه چالاک حسین حیدری تبریزی

10.30495/jal.2022.690072

این مطالعه سعی بر آن داشت تا تأثیرات احتمالی نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی بر گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان را میان فراگیران نوجوان وبزرگسال ایرانی زبان انگلیسی بررسی کند. علاوه بر این، استراتژی‌های فرعی ترجیحی آنها در هر یک از گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان برای برخی از شر More

این مطالعه سعی بر آن داشت تا تأثیرات احتمالی نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی بر گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان را میان فراگیران نوجوان وبزرگسال ایرانی زبان انگلیسی بررسی کند. علاوه بر این، استراتژی‌های فرعی ترجیحی آنها در هر یک از گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان برای برخی از شرکت‌کنندگان داوطلب از طریق برخی مصاحبه‌های ساختاریافته ی الکترونیکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس طرحی شبه تجربی، 76 نفر از فراگیران نوجوان وبزرگسال مرد وزن ایرانی زبان انگلیسی در دسترس به طور تصادفی به چهار گروه مساوی آزمایش و کنترل تقسیم شدند. پرسشنامه ی استراتژی غالب در یادگیری زبان برای همه ی شرکت‌کنندگان در مراحل قبل و بعد از مداخله و به دنبال آن یک مصاحبه الکترونیکی ساختاریافته فقط در مرحله بعد از مداخله برگزار شد. مداخله، ارائه محتوای آموزش از طریق نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی در مقابل روش متعارف تدریس به مدت 20 جلسه بود. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آمار توصیفی و تطبیقی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان فراگیران نوجوان وبزرگسال ایرانی زبان انگلیسی را به سمت راهبردهای حافظه و شناختی سوق داد. علاوه بر این، استراتژی‌های فرعی ترجیحی آنها در هر یک از گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان به تفصیل برای هر دو گروه مورد بحث قرار گرفت. نتایج این مطالعه می‌تواند مفاهیم مهمی را برای زمینه‌های آموزش و یادگیری زبان انگلیسی و فناوری آموزشی در استفاده از نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی به عنوان ابزاری مؤثر در کلاس‌های آموزش زبان انگلیسی ارائه دهد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

314 - تأثیر تدریس استراتژی های شناختی و فراشناختی بر توانایی درک مطلب خواندن
Mohammad Ali Torabi الهام قلی نیا

این مطالعه تأثیر تدریس استراتژی های شناختی و فراشناختی خواندن را برروی توانایی درک مطلب زبان آموزان ایرانی بررسی می کند.ابتدا یک تست تعیین سطح از دو گروه به تعداد شست نفر به منظور اطمینان از هم سطح بودن فراگیران گرفته شد. دو گروه متشکل از سی دانش آموز با رده سنی هفده تا More

این مطالعه تأثیر تدریس استراتژی های شناختی و فراشناختی خواندن را برروی توانایی درک مطلب زبان آموزان ایرانی بررسی می کند.ابتدا یک تست تعیین سطح از دو گروه به تعداد شست نفر به منظور اطمینان از هم سطح بودن فراگیران گرفته شد. دو گروه متشکل از سی دانش آموز با رده سنی هفده تا نوزده سال در مقطع متوسطه برای این مطالعه انتخاب شدند. به طور تصادفی٬ یکی از گروه ها به عنوان گروه شاهد و دیگری به عنوان گروه تجربی در نظر گرفته شدند. سپس یک پیش آزمون از زبان آموزان هر دو گروه گرفته شد و آزمون  Tبر روی نمرات پیش ازمون فراگیران به منظور اطمینان بیشتر از هم سطح بودن شرکت کنندگان در مهارت خواندن اعمال شد. بعد از اطمینان از همسانی سطح ورودی گروهها ٬ استراتژی های شناختی و فرا شناختی (استفاده از عنوان و حدس زدن معنی کلمه از بافت) در طول هفت جلسه به فراگیران تدریس شد. سپس ازمون T بر روی نمرات پس ازمون هر دو گروه به منظور بررسی تأثیر تدریس استراتژی ها بر روی گروه تجربی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که تدریس استراتژی  محور خواندن تأثیر مثبت و معنی داری بر روی توانایی درک مطلب زبان اموزان دارد. این یافته ها نشان می دهد که تدریس زبان های خارجی در محیط های اکادمیک مخصوصا برای بزرگسالان می بایست به همراه آموزش مستقیم و عملی استراتژی ها باشد. نتایج این مطالعه برای طراحان کتب درسی٬ برنامه ریزان و تربیت معلم می تواند مفید باشد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

315 - بکارگیری دسته‌بندی راهبردهای یادگیری آکسفورد در ترجمه
کامران شیروانی

در سه دهه‌ی گذشته، به‌ویژه دهه‌ی 80 میلادی، متخصصان حوزه‌ی آموزش زبان مطالعات وسیعی در حوزه‌ی کشف و طبقه‌بندی رهبردهای یادگیری و تبیین ارتباط آن با سایر عوامل تاثیرگذار انجام دادند. معاصر با این حرکت، تغییری در تمایل متخصصان حوزه‌ی مطالعات ترجمه نیز به‌وجود آمد. به طوری More

در سه دهه‌ی گذشته، به‌ویژه دهه‌ی 80 میلادی، متخصصان حوزه‌ی آموزش زبان مطالعات وسیعی در حوزه‌ی کشف و طبقه‌بندی رهبردهای یادگیری و تبیین ارتباط آن با سایر عوامل تاثیرگذار انجام دادند. معاصر با این حرکت، تغییری در تمایل متخصصان حوزه‌ی مطالعات ترجمه نیز به‌وجود آمد. به طوریکه آنان هم به مطالعات توصیفی روی آوردند که یکی از آن موارد توجه به ماهیت فرایندهای ذهنی مترجم حین ترجمه متون مختلف بوده است. مطالعه‌ی حاضر نیز با تکیه بر روش به‌زبان‌آوری‌افکار و مصاحبه‌ی پسانگر به دنبال مطالعه‌ی راهبردهای مترجمان غیرحرفه‌ای حین ترجمه‌ی متون علمی مطابق با دسته‌بندی آکسفورد (1990) است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که (1) تمام نمونه‌ها از راهبردهای شناختی و فراشناختی به‌طور قابل‌توجهی بیش از سایر راهبردها استفاده می‌کنند؛ (2) هیچ رابطه‌ی معناداری بین استفاده‌ از راهبردهای مستقیم و غیرمستقیم وجود ندارد و (3) دامنه‌ی دسته‌بندی‌های ارائه شده در حوزه‌ی آموزش زبان کاملاً قابل تعمیم به حوزه‌ی ترجمه نیست.         Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

316 - بررسی ادراک زبان آموزان با مهارت های زبانی بالا و پایین از راهبرد های انگیزش دهی مدرسان زبان انگلیسی
نسرین یوسفی مرجان وثوقی مینو عالمی

راهبرد های ایجاد انگیزه از سوی مدرسان غالبا در کلاس های درس زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی مکررا استفاده می شود، لیکن درک زبان آموزان از آن راهبرد ها به اندازه کافی مورد بررسی قرار نگرفته است. همچنین، مطالعات کافی در باره تفاوت ها و شباهت های بین زبان آموزان با مهارت More

راهبرد های ایجاد انگیزه از سوی مدرسان غالبا در کلاس های درس زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی مکررا استفاده می شود، لیکن درک زبان آموزان از آن راهبرد ها به اندازه کافی مورد بررسی قرار نگرفته است. همچنین، مطالعات کافی در باره تفاوت ها و شباهت های بین زبان آموزان با مهارت های گوناگون در این باره کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در این راستا، در تحقیق حاضر، این موضوع بر روی دو گروه از زبان آموزان با دو رده مهارت زبانی پایین و بالا مورد توجه قرار گرفت. از دو گروه زبان آموز با مهارت زبانی پایین(50 نفر) و بالا (50 نفر) در این مطالعه اطلاعات جمع آوری گردید. در ابتدا، با استناد به نظرات استخراج شده از محققان و صاحبنظران موجود و ادبیات تحقیق یک پرسشنامه با مقیاس لیکرت تهیه شد که در آن با استفاده از گویه های ایجاد انگیزه توسط معلمان زبان انگلیسی از مطالعه الشهری سوالاتی برگرفته و به پرسشنامه افزوده شد. این پرسشنامه سپس در میان زبان آموزان با رده های مهارتی متفاوت (بالا و پایین)  که در سه آموزشگاه زبان مختلف در تهران به تحصیل مشغول بودند اجرا شد. برای بررسی تفاوت های بین دو گروه  زبان آموز از آزمون غیرپارامتریک من ویتنی یو  با استفاده از نرم افزار اس پی اس اس نسخه (23) استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه بر اساس میانگین کل رتبه های محاسبه شده در راستای مقایسه زبان آموزان نشان داد که بدون در نظر گرفتن هر یک از مقیاس های جداگانه در پرسشنامه، به طور کلی، آنهایی که مهارت زبانی بیشتری داشتند، در سطح معناداری درک کمتری از راهبرد های ایجاد انگیزه نسبت به گروه پایین تر داشتند.در مقابل، در مقیاس های مورد ارزیابی در این تحقیق،  تنها در مقیاس"جو کلاس درس"، مشخص شد که  زبان آموزان با مهارت کمتر از راهبرد های انگیزشی مربوط به این مقیاس درک بالاتری داشتند. یافته های این پژوهش به نقش آگاه سازی مدرسان زبان از درک راهبرد های انگیزش دهنده شان برای زبان آموزان با سطوح مهارتی مختلف دارای فواید مثبتی می تواند باشد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

317 - Daar Principle in the Light of Twin Strategy in New Penology
Fatemeh Ahadi Babak Pourghahramani

10.22034/ijrj.2021.680383

Substantive Criminal Law has its roots in the dynamic and fabulous regulations of Islamic Jurisprudence. One of the principles denoting the capacity of the Fiqh teachings in conformity and even priority over the teachings stipulated under New Penology is the ‘Daar More

Substantive Criminal Law has its roots in the dynamic and fabulous regulations of Islamic Jurisprudence. One of the principles denoting the capacity of the Fiqh teachings in conformity and even priority over the teachings stipulated under New Penology is the ‘Daar Principle’. The present paper attempts at clarifying the strategies employed under Daar Principle and the related issues aiming to determine the harmony between reconsidered Daar Principle strategy and twin strategy in New Penology. Noting that the ultimate aim of all the sciences is to reach at unity and bright future without having any kind of prejudice in their ways. The present research employs descriptive- analytical method in order to analyse the strategies mentioned herein. The paper concludes that the restriction of the scope of Daar Principles denoting the duality of its criminal policy may be considered as a proof for its harmony with Twin Strategy in New Penalog. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

318 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of Group Training of Metacognitive Strategies with the Fellowship Training on the Educational Self-Efficacy and Motivation: Secondary School Students
Masoud Nazerzadeh ahmad Ghazanfari Tayebeh Sharifi Reza Ahmadi

10.30495/jinev.2020.1899902.2187

This study is aiming to investigate the comparison between the effects of group training of metacognitive strategies and those of the fellowship training on the educational self-efficacy and motivation of high school male students in Dehloran in the academic year of 139 More

This study is aiming to investigate the comparison between the effects of group training of metacognitive strategies and those of the fellowship training on the educational self-efficacy and motivation of high school male students in Dehloran in the academic year of 1397-1398. The research method is semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design on the control group and following up after 3 months. It is practical in terms of research type. The present study population includes all the male high school students of the second grade (300 students) among which 75 ones were selected as the sample group by the purposeful sampling technique. This sample is divided randomly into three groups including 25 students as metacognitive experimental group, 25 ones as fellowship experimental group and 25 others as the control group. The research tools consists of Harter's Educational Motivation Scale (1981) and Morgan-Jinks Student Efficacy Scale (1999) questionnaires. The data so collected were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods including the calculation of frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation as well as inferential statistics including covariance analysis tests and its assumptions in order to investigate the differences between the means of pretest, posttest and follow-up. The SPSS software Ver. 24 was performed to analyze such data. The findings indicate that the group training of metacognitive strategies and fellowship training have significant effects on the educational motivation and self-efficacy. Furthermore, the mean scores of the training method with metacognitive strategies were higher on self-efficacy and motivation compared to those of fellowship method Therefore; training method based on metacognitive strategies is significantly more effective than the fellowship training method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

319 - A study of the relationship between mental health and confronting procedures among the spinal cord
Ali naghi Aghdasi Ruh Anghiz Eydi

The present study is conducted with an objective of determining the relation between mental health and coping  strategies  in veterans with spinal cord injury in Tabriz city. This research is a correlation study. Statistical population of this research is all More

The present study is conducted with an objective of determining the relation between mental health and coping  strategies  in veterans with spinal cord injury in Tabriz city. This research is a correlation study. Statistical population of this research is all the 40 veterans of Tabriz with spinal cord injury. Data collection tools in this research are General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) Froms with 28 questions and Lazaius and Folkman Coping Startegeies Questionnaire . Data are acquired using SPSS version 19 software. For describing the findings frequency and percentages are used and for hypothesis tests pierson correlation coefficient is used. Frequency and percentage were used to explain the findings and the regression coefficient was used for testing hypothesis. Generally, the results of this research showed that the using of coping styles (excitation- oriented and problem-oriented) by the veterans with spinal cord injuries in the city of Tabriz cannot be predicted through variables such as mental health, physical disorders, stress and disorders in social functioning and we should look for factors other than the mentioned ones. But using this in excitement and problem-oriented styles can be predicted by the depression variable.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

320 - A study the Effects of life Skills Instruction on Coping Strategies
Salek Hadadi Rahim Badri

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of life skills instruction on coping strategies in first grade high school students of Tabriz. For this purpose, 60 female high school students selected by cluster sampling multi-stage method and were assigned to More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of life skills instruction on coping strategies in first grade high school students of Tabriz. For this purpose, 60 female high school students selected by cluster sampling multi-stage method and were assigned to control and experimental groups (each group consisted of 30 subjects). Experimental groups recrivd weekly training life skills during the 12 sessions, but the control group did not receive training. Mouse and Bilinger’s Coping Styles questionnaire (1981) was used in pre-test and post-test for both experimental and control groups. For analyzing the data, covariance was used. The results showed that training life skills increase scores of coping styles significantly. According to the results, it can be said that training life skills can be applied as an effective method for adolescence to deal with concerns and their problems.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

321 - Prioritizing Factors Affecting Perspectives on Organizational Productivity via Paired Comparisons: Saipan Automotive Group
bahareh asadian reza radfar Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy

10.30495/qjopm.2020.670309

Owing to sanctions imposed on our country, it has become increasingly difficult but not impossible to improve organizational productivity. Achieving productivity entails flexible and accountable strategy adoption in the form of a comprehensive plan. The comprehensive in More

Owing to sanctions imposed on our country, it has become increasingly difficult but not impossible to improve organizational productivity. Achieving productivity entails flexible and accountable strategy adoption in the form of a comprehensive plan. The comprehensive industrial program underscores the importance of developing resource-based industries to gain competitive advantages and such a comprehensive plan is outlined based on getting a wider view and putting all relevant influential factors in perspective.  The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify the factors influencing the perspectives on productivity improvement in Saipa Automotive Group. Six factors influencing organizational perspectives (political, economic, legal, social, environmental and technological) were detected while investigating Asian countries of Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, China and India. The research population comprised ten managers of Saipan Research and Innovation Department who completed an open-ended questionnaire. The research data were analyzed using supersession software, Delphi and paired comparisons.Then, Super Dissociation software was employed to prioritize the effective factors which were found to be: political (0.35), economic (0.27), social (0.14), legal (0.13), environmental (0.05), and technological (0.03). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

322 - Toward a Typology of Project Strategy based on Business Environment Contingency Variable in Projects of Petrochemical Industry of Iran
Hani Arbabi mohammad hossein sobhiyah Hasan Danaeefard

10.30495/qjopm.2019.669187

In order to achieve higher performance in organizations, the need for alignment of strategy with contingency variables like Structure and Environment is necessary. Petrochemical Projects in Iran have faced a violent business environment as a result of the Sanctions, cha More

In order to achieve higher performance in organizations, the need for alignment of strategy with contingency variables like Structure and Environment is necessary. Petrochemical Projects in Iran have faced a violent business environment as a result of the Sanctions, change in oil price, exchange rate, and input price of plants. Based on the contingency theory, in order to achieve better performance results in projects as contemporary organizations, it is necessary to consider Business Environment in formulation of project strategy. Therefore, the purpose of the current research was to present the typology of the project strategy based on Business Environment contingency variable influencing the Iranian petrochemical Projects. By reviewing literature we provide a conceptual model as our first-order construct. Using cases study research; we chose to employ qualitative method for improving the model. The case data of 10 projects was selected from the petrochemical Projects. Qualitative data analysis was used for data analysis. In addition to interview, multifaceted data collection including document investigating and questionnaire was also considered. Regard to selecting the Miles and Snow business strategies as baseline of the project strategy, project strategy typologies was plotted in a two-dimensional matrix in terms of fundamental/gradual environmental changes and internal/external project focus. These typologies were redefined for project level through interviews results. Finding suggests that Business Environment difference of projects caused different projects Strategies that required different entrepreneurial, engineering and administrative capabilities to manage projects. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

323 - Presenting a Conceptual Model Delineating the Effect of Production and Operations Strategies on Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Iranian Automotive Industry: The Case of Tehran Automobile Manufacturing Companies
Ali Mohaghar Ezzatollah Asgharizadeh Seyyed Hassan Ghodsypour Amir Samarrokhi

10.30495/qjopm.2021.1882539.2680

The aim of the current quantitative applied research was to design a model for the investigation of the extent to which automobile production strategies may impact domestic manufacturers’ sustainable competitive advantage. The research data were collected through More

The aim of the current quantitative applied research was to design a model for the investigation of the extent to which automobile production strategies may impact domestic manufacturers’ sustainable competitive advantage. The research data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire whose construct and content validity had been confirmed and its reliability had been verified through Cronbach alpha. The research population comprised senior managers of automobile manufacturing companies located in Tehran, Iran from whom a random sample was selected. The data obtained from 384 completed questionnaires were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling to find out the relationship among various factors of the model and the Variance-Covariance analysis. The findings emerging from the study revealed that the latent variable of sustainable competitive advantage was delineated by cost, quality, diversity, and flexibility; and that the latent variable of domestic automobile manufacturers’ production and operations strategies were delineated by Kaizen strategies, enterprise resource planning, punctuality, and supply chain management models. Research findings bore on the significant positive effects of production and operations strategies on Iranian automotive industries sustainable competitive advantage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

324 - Effective E-Business Strategy Development Model or Combined BS and BI Approach to Improve Productivity
Mostafa Kolahdoozi Reza Radfar MohammadAli Afshar Kazemi

10.30495/qjopm.2020.1893236.2775

Changing the business environment and increasing the complexity of organizational decisions are important issues that organizations can use e-commerce to deal with. The successful deployment of e-commerce depends on the existence of specific strategies without which all More

Changing the business environment and increasing the complexity of organizational decisions are important issues that organizations can use e-commerce to deal with. The successful deployment of e-commerce depends on the existence of specific strategies without which all the efforts of the organization may fail. Therefore, the success of establishing and implementing e-commerce lies in the application of appropriate strategic management. In line with this issue, the present study was an attempt to develop an effective e-business strategy development model or combined BS and BI approach to improve productivity. In this applied study, expert systems were used. Finally, based on the results and considering two components of business continuity management and business intelligence, some strategies have been proposed to draw attention to strategic planning in e-business. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

325 - Application of Artificial Neural Networks to Identify Customers Satisfied with Car After Sales Services
Alireza Fazlzadeh Mohammad Sadegh Zeinali Kermani

The purpose of the research was the development of a neural networks model to identify satisfied customers for car maintenance service marketing. The data were collected from the survey of ten car maintenance service providers in Iran. Multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neura More

The purpose of the research was the development of a neural networks model to identify satisfied customers for car maintenance service marketing. The data were collected from the survey of ten car maintenance service providers in Iran. Multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural networks with hyperbolic tangent function trained by feed forward training algorithm were utilized to build the identification model. The result reveals that the identification accuracy of the test on the model is greater than that expected by chance. Through a set of available contribution weights, the general importance of each independent variable produced is revealed. This research confirms that the neural network model is useful in recognizing the existing patterns of customer’s data. The advantages of using the model are highlighted. Authors believe that the model is useful and suitable as an analyzing tool for car maintenance service on market strategy planning. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

326 - Fuzzy asymmetrical semi-quantitative project analysis in accordance with organizational strategy of risk management
Mohammad Hassan Sobhieah Hossein Ashkoh Elnaz Aliyoon

In recent years, risk management has become an inherent part of project management process, particularly in the large and complex projects.Various standards and procedures have been developed for its optimization.Because of short-comings in the quantitative analysis reg More

In recent years, risk management has become an inherent part of project management process, particularly in the large and complex projects.Various standards and procedures have been developed for its optimization.Because of short-comings in the quantitative analysis regarding increasing flexibility and speedy trend of risk management,also dependency of the qualitative analysis on linguistic variables in determining risk priorities, and not considering the organizational strategy in risk management, this paper,using fuzzy logic in analysis of linguistic variables,tries to develop a new framework for evaluating risk project based on fuzzy asymmetrical semi-quantilative analysis in accordance with organizational strategy,in order to identify and quantify the relationship between risk indices and their effects on risk projects.The research methodology was quantitative, and the data were collected through interview, observation in a case study of mining petroleum project. The statistical included senior managers in oil industry. The resultes showed that the current approaches in qualitative risk didn`t have a realistic attitude in prioritizing important risks. In the addition it showed that an approach based on organizational strategy is necessary. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

327 - Critical Success Factors in Implementing Organizational Strategies: A Case Study
Farajollah Rahnavard Roghayeh Fathi Taher Roshandel Arbatanh

Supposing that senior management has formulated an appropriate organizational strategy in the light of environmental analysis and strategic direction of an organization, there is still a key question regarding its successful implementation. East Azerbaijan Broadcasting More

Supposing that senior management has formulated an appropriate organizational strategy in the light of environmental analysis and strategic direction of an organization, there is still a key question regarding its successful implementation. East Azerbaijan Broadcasting has spent a lot of money and time to formulate its organization strategies, but at the implementation stage has faced serious barriers, and its strategies have not been put into practice yet. A literature review and a number of interviews were used to identify twenty three key contingency factors that influence successful implementation of strategy among public sector organizations. A survey was administered to 223 employees in East Azerbaijan Broadcasting. The data were analyzed using factor analysis. The study only explores the perceptions of employees regarding critical success factors for strategy implementation. The results indicate that organizational structure, organizational culture, managerial control, empowered human resource, adequate financial resource, rewarding system, and vertical alignment of strategic levels are the key factors to address factors influencing strategy implementation. The model explains 59 percent of the variance in strategy implementation, which is a suitable model in this regard.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

328 - The Effect of Human ResourcesS strategies on the Manpower Productivity in Sari 1 and 2 Industrial Estate Productive Firms with Moderating role on cost leadership business strategy
Abolhassan Hosseini Mohsen Alizadeh Sani Hamed Gholami Kordkheili

Nowadays, the importance of human resource is very evident and crucial for the organizations. The proper use of human resources has been considered very valuable for the government. In other words human being is both the means and target for development. The research me More

Nowadays, the importance of human resource is very evident and crucial for the organizations. The proper use of human resources has been considered very valuable for the government. In other words human being is both the means and target for development. The research method was descriptive survey correlations. To gather the data three questionnaires were used namely: Human resources strategy (Lepak & Snell); manpower productivity (Hersey& Goldsmith); cost leadership strategy (Dess & Davis). The Cronbach’s alphas respectively were 0.94, 0.92 and 0.93. To analyze the data structural equation modeling and PLS software were used. The results showed that according to the value obtained for the path coefficient and T-statistics, commitment, productivity and collaboration Strategy associated with labor productivity, and cost leadership strategy as moderating variable, moderate the relationship between human resources and manpower productivity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

329 - Determination of Resilience Strategies and Their Reciprocal Influences in Iran Khodro Supply Chain
Kazem Ravansetan Hasanali Aghajani Abdolhamaid Safaei Ghadikolaei Mahmood Yahyazadehfar

10.30495/qjopm.2019.665037

This research deals with resilient supply chain in Iran Khodro Company. The current study was undertaken with the aim of enhancing the resilience of supply chain against environmental disturbances in Iran Khodro Company. To serve the purpose, a number of strategies were More

This research deals with resilient supply chain in Iran Khodro Company. The current study was undertaken with the aim of enhancing the resilience of supply chain against environmental disturbances in Iran Khodro Company. To serve the purpose, a number of strategies were determined that can prevent company’s viable production breakdowns or can instantaneously resume production more adequately after probable breakdowns. The causal relationship among the strategies were also investigated. The population of this research included managers and experts in logistics and planning departments of Sapco Company. Initially, all 12 failure modes that have the potential of breading down the production chain were identified through literature review and expert opinions. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Failure Anlayisis after Occurrence (FAAO) were employed to determine supply chain resilience strategies prior to and following failure, respectively. Moreover, the relationships and reciprocal effects among the identified resilience strategies were explored using Dematel technique. Experts determined four high risk failure conditions with the highest Risk Priority Number (RPN); using FMEA techniques, they also identified 21 strategies that could promote resilience in the company’s supply chain as well as six of the most effective strategies using FAAO techniques. Manuscript profile

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330 - The effect of working capital management strategy on economic performance with the emphasis on the capital productivity management in the accepted companies listed in Tehran Stock exchange
Mehdi Zeynali Ghader Dadashzadeh

Increasing the shareholders’ wealth is the main objective of every company. The success of a company is largely based on the financial manager's ability in establishing the capital productivity of the company. The amount of working capital affects the amount of li More

Increasing the shareholders’ wealth is the main objective of every company. The success of a company is largely based on the financial manager's ability in establishing the capital productivity of the company. The amount of working capital affects the amount of liquidity and capital productivity of the company. This study investigated the effect of aggressive working capital management strategy on economic performance with emphasis on the capital productivity management based on the annual financial statements for the period of time between 2008 to 2013 one hundred and two companies were evaluated. The measurement standard for working capital strategy variable is (the working capital net ratio), the company's capital productivity (EVA, REVA, MVA and the company's value). The panel data was used to analyize the hypotheses. The results showed that the effect of working capital strategy on EVA, REVA with greater capital productivity was high but capital productivity on the relationship between the strategy of working capital and market value added and firm value did n't have significant effect.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

331 - Application of Fuzzy Cognitive Map in Determining the Organization’s Success Path
Javad Sofiyabadi Bahare Kolahi changiz Valmmohamadi Mohammad mehdi Mohedi

The main purpose of this study is to determine the success path of Pars Khodro Company using Fuzzy Cognitive Map technique and analyzing the views of six experts of this company. Based on the objective of the research this research can be considered as an applied and de More

The main purpose of this study is to determine the success path of Pars Khodro Company using Fuzzy Cognitive Map technique and analyzing the views of six experts of this company. Based on the objective of the research this research can be considered as an applied and developmental research. And from the viewpoint, of collecting data, it is in line with the experimental research. The research method is based on the utilization of the new concepts in operation research (soft systems methodology). In order to simultaneously remove the constraints of balance scorecard (BSC) approach and study the strategic simulation, we utilized the capabilities of fuzzy cognitive map. The obtained results reveal that the surveyed company through accentuating upon the excellence of daily operational processes and the development of products based on the limited and innovative platforms would be able to move towards excellence and achieving its vision. Based on the proposed framework in this research study, managers of the Iranian companies would be able through leveraging the capabilities of strategic behaviors comparison to integrate their operational plans. This way, as they increase the efficiency of their processes, they can continue the journey towards excellence Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

332 - A Comprehensive Succession Planning Talent Management Model to Enhance Organizational Efficiency in Governmental Organizations: A Structural Equation Modelling
Ali Mahfozi Davod Lafzfroushan Mahmoud Ghorbani

10.30495/qjopm.2019.665042

Nowadays, the most important competitive advantage in an organization is talent management. Hence, the aim of this mixed method study was to identify and evaluate the components of talent management via the succession planning approach in governmental organizations. Two More

Nowadays, the most important competitive advantage in an organization is talent management. Hence, the aim of this mixed method study was to identify and evaluate the components of talent management via the succession planning approach in governmental organizations. Two-stage stratified sampling was employed to select the research sample that comprised 357 respondents who were selected from the employees in governmental The collected research data were analyzed qualitatively via Delphi Technique and quantitatively via Structural Equation Modeling. An extensive literature review on talent management resulted in an initial model with three components of Talent Management, including two factors of talent way of thinking and talent strategy, Talent Management Strategy, including five factors of communication, employee training, culture, performance management, rewards and appreciation, and Succession Planning, including three factors of structure, background, and content. The model obtained from the Delphi technique was subsequently examined through Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The results emerging from the present study revealed good model fitness for the proposed model with a credible degree of validity. It was shown that Talent Management Strategy can respectively explain 82% and 99% of variance in Succession  Manuscript profile

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333 - Predicting of English language anxiety based on social learning strategy and language motivational self system in students
Mahbobe Zaremarzoni Alireza Homayouni Rajabali Mohammadzadehedmollaii Hamed Barjesteh

10.22034/ssyj.2022.1950619.1227

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334 - Strategies for revitalizing the historical square of Sahib-al-Amar in Tabriz using the QSPM matrix
Samaneh Mahdinezhad shahryar shaghaghi Seyedeh Roghayeh Rafiei BanialSadegh

10.30495/jisaud.2023.1983494.1061

Introduction: Historical districts in cities have played a significant role in shaping the urban life and cultural identity. Over time, various changes and developments have led to the deterioration of these areas. Utilizing prominent historical buildings as strengths a More

Introduction: Historical districts in cities have played a significant role in shaping the urban life and cultural identity. Over time, various changes and developments have led to the deterioration of these areas. Utilizing prominent historical buildings as strengths and addressing environmental and physical challenges as weaknesses can greatly impact historical districts. The Sahib-al-Amr historical square in Tabriz, Iran, has historical significance but currently lacks its former identity and value. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to develop strategies for the revitalization of this historical square. Because revitalizing this square is crucial for preserving its historical and cultural value. The current physical challenges and visitor experience demand strategic planning and action for its revitalization. Methodology: The study focuses on the Sahib-al-Amr square in Tabriz, Iran, which holds a special place in the city's history. Dating back to the 14th century, the square has witnessed various transformations and architectural marvels, reflecting the influential periods it has experienced. The methodology employed in the research involved using the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) matrix and QSPM (Quantitative Strategy Planning Matrix) to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and to develop practical strategies for revitalization. The research strategy falls within the adaptive range (WO), as determined by the QSPM matrix. Results: The results of the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix reveal the significant impact of existing historical buildings as a strength and visual pollution and lack of security as the most significant weaknesses affecting the historical square. The External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix highlights the economic potential of the market as an opportunity, while concerns such as the absence of security due to broken windows and unauthorized encroachments are identified as the most threatening factors. The QSPM matrix found that priority 1 is creating arrangements for tourists in the historical complex, with a score of 7.23. Priority 2 is making rules to preserve historical buildings in the area, with a score of 7.20. Priority 3 is modernizing the use around the square and considering its historical role, with a score of 7.19. Priority 4 is adding nighttime activities, with a score of 7.08. Priority 5 is limiting car traffic in the complex, with a score of 4.49. Conclusion: The study recommends an adaptive strategy within the operational range to enhance the environment by leveraging existing capabilities and opportunities. These strategies aim to maximize the square's potential, enhance its historical significance, and create a vibrant, secure, and engaging environment for locals and visitors alike. Strategies for achieving this include formulating regulations to preserve historical buildings, modernizing the use around the square, creating tourist facilities, adding nighttime activities, and reducing car traffic within the historical complex. These strategies not only enhance the city's cultural identity but also contribute to local economy, tourism, and community development. The practical findings and recommendations contribute to the revitalization of similar historical areas and the preservation of the country's rich cultural and historical identity. The proposed measures, such as stakeholder involvement, improved security, pedestrian infrastructure, and traffic management, aim to revitalize and bring prosperity to Tabriz's historical district. Manuscript profile

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335 - Identify prone ecotourism Spaces in the township Boroojerd and determine its development strategies
Maryam Beiranvandzadeh Mahnaz Heidari Akbar Soltanzadeh Nasrin Mirzamohammadi

Today Nature tourism is an important part of the tourismactivities in the world dedicated. Therefore, issues related to ecotourism and sustainable tourism spaces, more than anything requires planning and optimal utilization of available resources through accurate identi More

Today Nature tourism is an important part of the tourismactivities in the world dedicated. Therefore, issues related to ecotourism and sustainable tourism spaces, more than anything requires planning and optimal utilization of available resources through accurate identification of proneareas for tourism. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the ability of natural features and to identify spaces prone township Boroojerd ecotourism and determine its development strategies. methods the study was a descriptive survey research and analysis. GIS software for data analysis and SWOT model is used. The results show that the eastern and western zones of the city has ideal conditions for the development of been ecotourism. It is also acceptable in planning strategies for ecotourism Boroojerdtownship, aggressive strategy (SO) has been designated as a priority. In the aggressive strategies, strategy SO4 with a score of 4/91 was the first priority. to achieve targets and develop ecotourism by taking advantage of this strategy, identify the ecotourism axes, the enhancement of facilities and services on the axes,with the aim of attracting and developing tourism and creating jobs and sustainable incomes recommended. Manuscript profile

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336 - Strategies for the development of geotourism Case Study: Qeshm salt cave
Mohammad Mohabati Hosein Rosta Reza vaisi sajad Ahmadi

Qeshm Island in Iran can be said gate for Geotourism. The largest island in the Persian Gulf, due to its unique geological and Biodiversity Phenomenon, High potential for becoming a major hub for ecotourism and geotourism in the Persian Gulf basin. One of the forms is l More

Qeshm Island in Iran can be said gate for Geotourism. The largest island in the Persian Gulf, due to its unique geological and Biodiversity Phenomenon, High potential for becoming a major hub for ecotourism and geotourism in the Persian Gulf basin. One of the forms is longest salt cave of world in Namakdan salt dome with length is 6580 meters. with its great potentials and capabilities in the field of Geotourism development, has not been able to reach its real status yet. Therefore, this question arises: what are the potentials and limitations of developing the region’s geotourism? And, what strategies are required for developing this kind of tourism and national and regional development resulted from it? The present study, considering this aim, is of applied kind and regarding the methodology is analytical, descriptive and survey study. The population of the present study is Qeshm island and the community sample is the experts of tourism in Qeshm and bandarabbas town. To analyze the data and identify the strategies of the region’s geotourism development the SWOT model was used. The findings show that the region under study with 20 advantages and the weight score3.733, 21 opportunities with the weight score 3.960 versus 16 advantages and the weight score 3.768 , 14 threats and the weight score 3/535 , has great capabilities for developing in the Persian golf , however, the existing weaknesses and threats hinder the realization of these potentials and capabilities Manuscript profile

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337 - Explaining Urban Tourism Development Strategies with Emphasis on Integrated Management (Case Study: Chabahar City)
abdolbaset doorzadeh mehr ali rahimi malikhe shahbeeiki

Existing inconsistencies between management organizations have caused confusion in city administrations and wasted material and intellectual capital in such a way that the decisions of organizations and municipal service agencies in some cases are in conflict with each More

Existing inconsistencies between management organizations have caused confusion in city administrations and wasted material and intellectual capital in such a way that the decisions of organizations and municipal service agencies in some cases are in conflict with each other. Today, the lack of integrated urban management has imposed multiple costs on the body of the urban economy and has faced many challenges in urban management. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the current tourism management of Chabahar and provide solutions for the integration of tourism management. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. Documentary surveys, libraries and questionnaires have been used to collect the required information and data. Identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats The SWOT analytical method has been used to determine strategies from the QSPM model. According to the results of the position evaluation matrix and strategic action, a defensive strategy for tourism management in Chabahar was selected. In order to solve the problems ahead and with the aim of achieving integrated tourism management in Chabahar city and improving the current situation of tourism management in Chabahar city, some suggestions are presented as follows. 1- Formation of "Coordination Council" by local institutions for coordination between organizations 2- Coordination of institutions involved in urban tourism management 3- Decentralization of the duties of institutions involved and in charge of tourism management towards centralism in the Coordination Council and... Manuscript profile

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338 - Border Cities Development Strategies Case Study Taybad
Kazem Zoghi Maryam Takroosta Naser Nasirian Mohammad Reza Arab

IntroductionWhat is considered in this article is to pay attention to the development strategies of the border city of Taybad. Due to its special geopolitical features and the existence of deep cultural and trade ties between Khorasan and Afghanistan and the best way fo More

IntroductionWhat is considered in this article is to pay attention to the development strategies of the border city of Taybad. Due to its special geopolitical features and the existence of deep cultural and trade ties between Khorasan and Afghanistan and the best way for Central Asian countries to access the high seas through Iran (Bandar Abbas) and access to the market of 13 million Central Asian countries, this city has a position Is privileged. Unfortunately, the resources and potentials of this region, especially the various functions of the border, have not been used properly and optimally, and also the limitations and solutions to address them have not been identified. Therefore, in this research, we seek to find urban development strategies appropriate to the conditions and situation of this border city, so that we can overcome the problems in this city by formulating effective strategies on urban development. In addition to maintaining the political, economic and cultural ties of the border region with the whole country, the considered strategies should be able to provide more freedom to the residents of this border region so that they can enjoy a greater share in the development and progress of central government programs. . Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the development strategies of the border city in the city of Taybad. So the main question of this research is what are the most important factors shaping the development strategy of border cities in Taybad?Research MethodsThe research method is documentary, analytical and survey. Based on the main topic of the research (Urban Development Strategies: Taybad) while reviewing the characteristics of urban development, the data obtained from theoretical studies and research, development and executive plans and documented reports of relevant organizations were reviewed and Basic information was collected and classified. Due to the fact that urban development is a systemic and integrated concept, Demethel technique was used to determine the cause and effect relationships between urban development variables. The purpose of the Demetel technique is to identify the pattern of causal relationships between a set of criteria. This technique scores the intensity of communication in a scoring manner, explores their critical feedback, and accepts non-transferable relationships. The basis of the Demethel method is based on the assumption that a system consists of a set of criteria {C = {c1, c2,… cn and the pairwise comparison of the relations between them can be modeled by mathematical equations. This technique is for constructing and analyzing structural models related to complex causal relationships between the factors of an issue. For this purpose, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was provided to 28 researchers in the fields of urban and political geography, political science and urban management. Field FindingsThe Dimtel technique was introduced by Fontal Gabos in 1971 and is one of the decision-making methods based on pairwise comparisons, the results of which will be obtained by referring to the elite. This technique is used in extracting systemic factors and systematic structuring. Since graphs well show the relationships of elements with a system, so this technique is based on graphs that can divide the factors involved into two groups of cause and effect and the relationship between them as Brought an understandable structural model. The researchers selected for this part of the study included six experts in geography and geopolitics. Border management was assessed based on 26 criteria and indicators according to Table (1). 28 experts were used to examine the criteria. Variables such as expanding the role of the private sector in infrastructure investment, attention to sector planning, regional cohesion strategy, linking the national to the local level, expanding foreign partnerships, establishing a city-level development fund, reducing poverty, Strengthening participation at both formal and informal levels in the region shows high interaction and strong systemic relationship with other variables. On the other hand, as can be seen, the vertical vector (J - R) shows the influence of each factor. Expanding the role of the private sector in investing infrastructure, creating a development fund at the city level, strengthening participation at both formal and informal levels, paying attention to social capital in border areas, creating new business areas, building capacity for officials, Education, transparency and accountability in border areas, etc. are the reasons for this system model. And factors such as paying attention to sectoral planning, linking the national level to the local level, creating a development fund at the city level, creating a border city landscape, establishing gender equality, tourism development strategy, etc. are shown as disabilities. In general, if J - R is positive, the variable is a causal variable, and if it is negative, it is a disability.ConclusionPlanning related to the development of border cities is very important. Because it is considered as an important and effective factor to improve the relationship between human beings, land and human activities. In the meantime, the border areas of Iran, especially the eastern borders of the country, face special features such as smoothness, proximity to Afghanistan's tense neighbors, smuggling of goods and drugs, population instability, cultural and social problems, and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the development in this region and formulate appropriate strategies with the existing conditions. Examination of library and field data and reference to experts' opinions show that variables are of great importance in the development of border cities. These variables were studied in 3 general strategies including socio-cultural, economic and political-government strategies with 26 general indicators. Findings showed that among these variables, the expansion of the role of the private sector in infrastructure investment (9.4644), attention to sectoral planning (9.1558), regional cohesion strategy (9.0245), Linking the national level to the local level (9.0078) has the most importance and variables such as paying attention to housing policies in border urban areas (5.5239), border city landscape (6.3666), institutionalization and professionalization of urban staff (6.8346) , Neighborhood-based management (6.9111) have the least importance. Therefore, it can be seen that the economic and investment index in this border city is considered as one of the important and influential factors on the development of the city. May be considered in the formulation of high-level policies and strategies by government officials and politicians. Very placed. Because economic development in this city can be directly related to the security of the eastern border areas of the country. 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339 - Developing Best Strategy Using Blue Ocean Strategy: the Case of Salim Engineering Company
Mohammad Abdoshah Shaghayegh Divani Azar Arefeh Tahani Amineh Kaeini

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340 - Studying and Ranking Marketing Appropriate Strategies to Achieve Competitive Advantage in Private Hotels of Mazandaran Province
A. Srayaei S. Mehrani

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341 - Improving Lifetime of Strategic Information Network in Oil Supply Chain
mohammad ali afshar kazemi mohammad hossein darvish motevally Mahmood Darvish Motevalli

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342 - Studying the Strategy to Improve Human Resources in Organizations by Using Creativity and Innovation
M. Nabipour Afrouzi M. Darvish Motevally

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343 - A Model of Effective Internal Factors for SMEs’ Performance
Jahangir Yadollahi Farsi Aliakbar Aghajani Mohammad Mahdi Mardanshahi

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344 - The effect of Psychological, Individual, Product Strategy, and Situational Factors on Customers' Impulse Purchase Behavior
Naser Sheikh Seyed Mohammad Taghi Hosseiniki Amir Gholam Abri

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345 - Modeling the Effects of Media on Affective Commitment to Strategy Implementation
Ali Adousi Ali Akbar Farhangi Tahmoures Hasangholipour Reza Najafbagy

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346 - Identification and Management of the Main Challenges in Saffron Industry in Iran
Samuel Yousefi Jamileh Hayati Sargiz Yousefi

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347 - Thermal analysis of building site with Climate resilience planning strategy in coastal areas, Case study: Noor city coasts
فاطمه طاهری فاطمه طاهری شهریار خالدی شهریار خالدی رضا برنا رضا برنا

Coastal buildings are always vulnerable to waves, moisture and corrosion, and their resilience plays an important role in reducing these damages. Climate resilience with a comprehensive and consistent strategy has the potential to reduce the risk in site design and buil More

Coastal buildings are always vulnerable to waves, moisture and corrosion, and their resilience plays an important role in reducing these damages. Climate resilience with a comprehensive and consistent strategy has the potential to reduce the risk in site design and building physics and help improve decision-making in emergency response.  This  research is targeted at the Applied Research Group. According to the data and the output model, this research is in the category of research research in terms of implementation method. Findings of research in Noor Coastal Area with Ecotech software show that the coefficient of building compatibility index is 0.94, which indicates the resilience of buildings in climatic crises and this coefficient with the type and The direction of the site is different and less than one. The ventilation coefficient for changing the consumed air is 2.24 watts per square meter per hour. The thermal load index for determining energy control in a building is 15.5 and the cooling load is 21 Cͦ. To increase the building's climate resilience, passive design with low-delay thermal mass South and east windows are recommended to increase the heat load in winter and windows north and west are recommended to create natural ventilation and increase the cooling load in summer.. Manuscript profile

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348 - the status of distribution facilities and services in urban Fanuj based on urban smart growth
ahmadr raeisi Akbar Kiani

Abstract Urban growththatfollowed thepopulation growthoccursinthe last decadecause ectopic use urban land and non- allocation(Allocation)urban land use appropriate,formation of slums in cities andsprawl development towns, particularly have been in the suburbs.The format More

Abstract Urban growththatfollowed thepopulation growthoccursinthe last decadecause ectopic use urban land and non- allocation(Allocation)urban land use appropriate,formation of slums in cities andsprawl development towns, particularly have been in the suburbs.The formation of in thecityofscatteredslumsin the suburbsofcitiesis.This issue necessityplanning the optimal use of land and management of urban development is clearer, andcauses the formation of urban smart growth approach as is thatmain purpose giving regulate the growth and development of cities and urban revitalization. Smart growth is makes the redevelopment made areas within urban.Accordingly, in the present research to study how to develop physical in city Fanouj be discussed.in fact main objective of the research, determinationof strategies to prevent the "sprawl"growth of Fanouj city andthus reduce the economic costs due itthe method of the present study was a descriptive - analytical based on a studieslibrary, documents and review of the field.In this context information and the required data in the development city, manner of distributing land uses,increase the economic costs the city scattered development, from authentic documents and part of through a questionnaire were prepared and by Arc GIS and SPSS software’scase analyzed was. the results of the review of the relationship between smart growth andmore equitable distribution facilities and services in Fanouj based on t-testShowed thatsignificant amount (Sig 0/000) with less than the 0/01 is,can be safely 0/99 acknowledged that smart growth strategies on a more equitable distribution facilities and services in Fanouj city will be effective.In case implementation smart growth strategies based on neighborhood conditions in Fanouj, costs economic and environmental destruction is reduced and causing increase environmental quality of life and citizens satisfaction his life environment will be. Keywords: City and urban growth, Smart growth strategy, Growth sprawl, City Fanouj Manuscript profile

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349 - Regional Development Strategy, a Solution to Decentralization (Sample: City of Rasht)
Majid Yasoori Maryam Sojoodi

Rasht county, has been experiencing unique circumstances compared to its surrounding cities and have had a growing tendency to centralization, since the beginning of its formation. Formation of one-sided relationship and orientation of most of the vital and functional m More

Rasht county, has been experiencing unique circumstances compared to its surrounding cities and have had a growing tendency to centralization, since the beginning of its formation. Formation of one-sided relationship and orientation of most of the vital and functional movements of the cities of the province toward the city of Rasht have led to seclusion and inactivity in other settlement points of the province. It seems that with the expansion of activities in the city of Rasht, this problem will be expanded. This study investigates the fields of centralization in the city of Rasht in three areas: administrative-political centralization, economic-service centralization, and centralization of the population. During explaining the most important symbols and instances of centralizations in mentioned areas, to reduce the centralization in the city of Rasht, orient the movements to the other points and consequently balance the movements and interactions, we use the new model Regional Development Strategy (RDS). Regional development strategy with its strategic, community-based and flexible thinking is very effective in the establishment of regional balance since this model attempts to exploit the capabilities, capacities, actions and cooperation of all the regions and organize them as well as possible. Manuscript profile

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350 - Indicators of City Development Strategy In the worn-out area of the middle cities of Mazandaran province
yaser ghasemi asadollah divsalar pari shokri firozjah Mahnaz Keshavarz

One of the important and decisive factors in the development, dynamism and stability of any urban community is the comprehensive policy and planning in the context of the organization of urban old and worn- out texture. Planning and management of the organization of urb More

One of the important and decisive factors in the development, dynamism and stability of any urban community is the comprehensive policy and planning in the context of the organization of urban old and worn- out texture. Planning and management of the organization of urban worn-out texture can, in addition to Promoting the quality Standard of living the worn -out neighborhoods Residents ,lead to sustainable development in all aspects of urban life. In the past few decades, due to the inadequacy of common urban development policies in the context of organizing worn-out texture, it's necessary to use a new approach such as City Development Strategy (CDS) for regeneration. In this regard, the purpose of this study is evaluation and analysis of City development strategy indicators in the central worn-out area of middle cities of mazandaran province. the method used in this research is descriptive-analytical and in terms of purpose is development –applied. data collection method is library studies and field data collection using questionnaires.The collected data was entered into the SPSS software and inferential statistics and entropy and SAW models has been used for data analysis. The results of research indicate that central area of the studied cities don't have a favorable situation with in accordingto good City development strategy indicators. Among the indicators of City development strategy, the highest rate of realization is related to the livability index with an average of 2.39 and a distribution of -10.89, and the lowest level of realization is related to the Bankability index with an average of 2.24 and a distribution of -12.26. Accordingto the saw model, the city of Qaemshahr in terms of the City development strategy indicators has better status in comparison of other cities and ,the city of Babol is in the final ranking. Manuscript profile

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351 - Feasibility of Urban Fluid Plans In Planning Metropolises (A Case Study of Tabriz Metropolitan Area)
fatemeh safari karim hosseinzade dalir Mohammad Reza Pour Mohammadi

Nowadays, the methodology of urban plans preparation in developed countries is often based on urban fluid plans. In Tabriz metropolis like other cities of Iran, the static plan (general), no longer can satisfy the urban demands and the developmental  plan of this m More

Nowadays, the methodology of urban plans preparation in developed countries is often based on urban fluid plans. In Tabriz metropolis like other cities of Iran, the static plan (general), no longer can satisfy the urban demands and the developmental  plan of this metropolis has to step towards dynamics and flexibility The present research aims to evaluate the feasibility of urban fluid plan in Tabriz planning. In this course, the main assumption of the research is based on the urban fluid approach in preparation of Tabriz development plan in terms of the feasibility of urbanism rules, management system (concentrated) and financial factors. At first, the SWOT method has been utilized to review the current situation of development in Tabriz and in order to assure the accuracy of the obtained situation, the SWOT method from SPACE model has been used.  Finally, in order to prioritize the strategies of such two models, the QSPM model was used. It was found that the urban fluid plan is the most suitable plan for Tabriz. Finally, through BSC model (Balanced Score Cart), the feasibility of fluid plan in Tabriz metropolis was evaluated which its results show that in the current situations of Tabriz, there are no fields of general provision to utilize the fluid approach, and based on average of four balanced score cart, only there is 39.86 percent provision for the utilization of the given approach. The major obstacle in the development of Tabriz with fluid approach was the inner procedure of the organization, and financial dimension with 40 percent efficiency as the second obstacle and innovation and learning dimension with 44.44 percent is the third obstacle of fluid approach and only, citizenship dimension with 75 percent has the optimum situation in utilization of  urban fluid approach. Manuscript profile

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352 - Developing Strategic Urban Planning with Sustainable Urban Development Approach (A Case Study of Bushehr Port)
Hajar Jahanshahi hamidreza varesi

The rapid growth of the population and at the same time the increase of physical and non-physical abnormalities in today's cities, together with the inefficiency of traditional urban development plans to address these problems, has led planners to seek new approaches in More

The rapid growth of the population and at the same time the increase of physical and non-physical abnormalities in today's cities, together with the inefficiency of traditional urban development plans to address these problems, has led planners to seek new approaches in urban planning. One of the new approaches is urban strategic planning. The present research studies various urban development indicators with a strategic planning approach in Bushehr to identify suitable strategies to achieve sustainable urban development. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. The method of collecting data is library and field. The survey method is through interviews and completing a questionnaire from 30 experts and specialists in the field of urban planning. Finally, Swat Technique (SWOT) was used to explore urban development strategies and use the quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) technique to prioritize urban development strategies. The obtained findings show that the final score of internal factors is 2.839 and the final score of external factors is 2.895 which among the four positions of offensive, conservative, defensive and competitive, these indicators are in a competitive position. Finally, using the model of quantitative matrix planning technique, 9 strategies for the development of Bushehr were proposed and ranked. These strategies are: integrated management, smart growth strategy, recycling of barren lands and military lands, reorganization of worn-out structures, enhancement of urban services, utilization of foreign tourism capabilities, utilization of transferring rights approach, reduction of interference and manipulation unplanned in the marine ecosystem, and finally increasing the citizens’ participation. Manuscript profile

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353 - Iranian Students' Emotional Perceptions of the Effects of Interactive Tasks on Self-Monitoring, Self-Regulation, and Willingness to Communicate
Fereshteh Abkhoo Roya Baharlooie Hadi Salehi Omid Tabatabaei

10.30495/jfl.2023.703209

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354 - The Role of Listening Strategy Instruction in Advancing Students’ Listening Achievement and Strategy Use
Belilew Molla Gebre Girma Gezahegn Tadesse

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355 - Impact of Online Strategies-based Instruction on Iranian Advanced EFL Learners’ Speaking Scores
DOR: 20.1001.1.23223898.2021.9.36.2.8
Samira Abbasi Azizeh Chalak Hossein Heidari Tabrizi

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356 - A Cross-sectional Study of Oral Communication Strategies by Successful EFL Learners
Hussien Almaktary

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357 - The Relationship among Learning Strategy, Autonomy and Language Proficiency of Chinese EFL Learners
Jianfeng Cheng Gerard Sagaya Raj Joanna Tan Tjin Ai

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358 - The Effect of Blended Teaching on Reading Strategy Use by Iranian EFL Learners
Zahra Zahedi Omid Tabatabaei

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359 - Identifying Style Awareness, Indirect Strategy Use and Preferences of Turkish Student Teachers of English
Muhlise Cosgun ÖGEYİK

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360 - Relationship between Iranian EFL Learners’ Reading Strategy Use and Emotional Intelligence
Behnam Majidi Dehkordi Farinaz Shirani Bidabadi

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361 - Reflective Reciprocal Teaching: A Technique for Improving Iranian EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension Ability
Sara Badakhshan Khalil Motallebzadeh Parviz Maftoon

10.52547/JFL.9.38.39

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362 - Equivalence in Technical Texts: The Case of Accounting Terms in English-Persian Dictionaries
Shadi Forutanian Azizeh Chalak

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363 - Impact of Metacognitive Strategy Instruction on Iranian EFL Learners’ Listening Anxiety
Parisa Mohamadpour Reza Talebinejad Omid Tabatabaei

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364 - EFL Students’ Epistemological Beliefs and Use of Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies in Bahir Dar University
Mulugeta Kahsay

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365 - Test-taking Strategies and EFL Learners’ Performance on the Reading Sub-test of Iranian Universities PhD Entrance Exam
Elahe Nikneshan Hossein Barati

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366 - Metacognitive Strategy Awareness and Listening Anxiety: The role of gender and proficiency level among Iranian EFL learners
Narjes Golzadeh Marjan Moiinvaziri

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367 - The Effect of Metacognitive Instruction through Dialogic Interaction on the Reading Comprehension Performance and the Metacognitive Awareness of Iranian EFL Learners
Hamed barjesteh Freshteh Jafari

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368 - The Effect of Strategy-based Instruction on Iranian EFL Learners’ Learner Autonomy: Learners’ Perceptions
Nooshin Azin Reza Biria Ahmad Ameri-Golestan

10.52547/JFL.9.38.237

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369 - The Identification of Components of Customer Orientation Culture in Iranian Educational System
Aysuda Goldehan Fariba Karimi Mohammad Ali Nadi

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370 - Social order and security during the Al-Buwayh era based on efficient corps
jamileh mirzakhani hoseyn khosravi Sohrab Eslami

The IRGC was important to the Sultan of the Buyids because of its militaristic nature and for maintaining its occupation and fighting the claimants of the government. Therefore, recognizing the position, role and function of the IRGC in the Buwayhid era is a matter of r More

The IRGC was important to the Sultan of the Buyids because of its militaristic nature and for maintaining its occupation and fighting the claimants of the government. Therefore, recognizing the position, role and function of the IRGC in the Buwayhid era is a matter of recognizing the structure of government and, consequently, the order and security of the society of the Buwayhid era. In this regard, the central question of the present study is what was the military strategy of the IRGC in the era of Al-Buwayh and what were its characteristics? The hypothesis is that the composition and military strategy of this period consisted of heterogeneous parts: this strategy, as long as powerful rulers were in power, led to the order and security of the country, and with the beginning of the weakness of the rulers, a wave of insecurity began. Learned. In the present article, an attempt is made to explain the role of the IRGC in the process of social order and security during the rule of Al-Buwayh by a descriptive-analytical method with a historical approach and relying on library studies.Keywords: Al-Buwayh, Social Order and Security, Buoy Corps, Military Strategy, War Techniques Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

371 - Imam Ali's (as) strategy against the intellectual current of the Sheikhs during the Caliphate
seyd mohsen sharifi shokrollah khakrand

The intellectual current of the Sheikhs, who are also known as supporters of the school of the first caliphs, is one of the most important currents of thought during the reign of Imam Ali (AS), which is the result of the thought and behavior of the first caliphs during More

The intellectual current of the Sheikhs, who are also known as supporters of the school of the first caliphs, is one of the most important currents of thought during the reign of Imam Ali (AS), which is the result of the thought and behavior of the first caliphs during 25 years of caliphate. The main question of this research is what was the strategy of Imam Ali (AS) against this current of thought, which requires understanding the nature and characteristics of the ideas of this current and its objective manifestations in society. Providing a method and a logical basis for the Imam's approach to this current of thought with emphasis on the historical and social conditions of society is one of the objectives of this study, which shows the complete nobility of the Imam over the society of his time. To answer this question, a descriptive historical method is used along with the content analysis of the texts, because it is a kind of historical research that is done based on tradition and history and also considers the issues of flow and cognition of society. The hypothesis of this research is based on the fact that Imam Ali (AS) at the beginning of the government could not explicitly criticize the Sheikhin school due to the influence of Sheikhin's thought in the Islamic society. However, the findings of this study show that in the second half of his rule, Manuscript profile

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372 - Mixed-Strategy Nash Equilibrium and Soccer Players A Case Study of Penalty Kicks
morteza sameti mehdi fath abadi kamran kasraei

 Mixed strategy Nash equilibrium (MSNE) is a concept commonly used in Game Theory. The game between the kicker and goalkeeper in soccer penalty kicks is a real game used to examine the application of the MSNE concept or the rate of its accuracy. The data were colle More

 Mixed strategy Nash equilibrium (MSNE) is a concept commonly used in Game Theory. The game between the kicker and goalkeeper in soccer penalty kicks is a real game used to examine the application of the MSNE concept or the rate of its accuracy. The data were collected on the direction of kicks and jumps in 106 penalties kicked in Premier League of Iran and the predictions of the model analyzed. The observations represented that given the probability distribution of kick direction, the optimal strategy for goalkeepers is to stay in the center of the goal; but the goalkeepers, almost always, jumped to the right or left. Finally, the “left-left” pattern is the most frequent and have the greatest number of observations. Manuscript profile

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373 - Computer-based Regressor-free Adaptive Control versus Direct Adaptive Fuzzy Control of the Robotic System
Mahmood Nadali Abolghasem Nadali Maryam Nadali

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374 - Robust Fractional-order Control of Flexible-Joint Electrically Driven Robots
Payam Kheirkhahan

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375 - Impedance Control of Robots Using Voltage Control Strategy Revisited
Masoud Shahhosseini

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376 - Organizational Agility and Knowledge Sharing Process in the Staffs of the Iran's Central Plateau Contractor Company
Seyede Parvane Noorbakhsh Samani Molood Sadeghiyan Sirous Keshavarz Fateme Ziglari

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377 - Earnings management, business strategy and bankruptcy risk
Mahdi Filsaraei Mohammadreza shoorvarzi Mahdi Zanganeh

Competitiveness in the financial markets puts many companies at risk of bankruptcy and out of competition. This can cause concern for investors. Bankruptcy risk is mentioned as an important fact in the life cycle of modern business units that can lead to heavy economic More

Competitiveness in the financial markets puts many companies at risk of bankruptcy and out of competition. This can cause concern for investors. Bankruptcy risk is mentioned as an important fact in the life cycle of modern business units that can lead to heavy economic and social costs to shareholders, creditors, managers, employees and the economy as a whole. The key here is to identify the factors that can be used to predict the risk of bankruptcy in the near future. This research will be conducted with the question of whether accrued earnings management and the type of business strategy of the company can help shareholders and managers in predicting the risk of bankruptcy of the company? The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of business strategy on earnings management and bankruptcy risk in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population of the present study, after applying some of the limitations in this study, consists of 140 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2914 to 2020. Multiple linear regression model has been used to test the research hypotheses. The results of the study indicate that earnings management has a positive and significant effect on bankruptcy risk. The results also showed that cost leadership strategy has a significant negative effect on bankruptcy risk. In addition, the results showed that the product differentiation strategy has a significant negative effect on bankruptcy risk. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

378 - Coherent horizontal drawing in line with technology development and financial strategy in the Iranian banking system
abozar yadollahi parviz saeidi Arash naderian Jamadordi Gorganli Doji

Today, advances in financial technologies include robotic financial transactions, payments made through Today, advances in financial technologies include robotic financial transactions, payments made through cryptocurrency-free operating systems, fundraising platforms, More

Today, advances in financial technologies include robotic financial transactions, payments made through Today, advances in financial technologies include robotic financial transactions, payments made through cryptocurrency-free operating systems, fundraising platforms, financial consulting, technical and robotic assistance through cyberspace, and the latest virtual coins that have recently been developed. The value of global investment in current financial technologies has been significant in recent years. Accordingly, in this study, the issue of drawing a coherent horizon in order to develop a strategy with financial technologies in Iranian commercial banks has been addressed. The statistical population of the research includes all the participants from among the experts in the number of 20 experts and academic experts in the fields of accounting, finance, management, banking and economics in the field of commercial banks in Iran who have reached theoretical saturation.. The research method is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) and all the required data and information have been collected. Then, to test the research hypotheses, it has been prepared through theoretical foundations and field investigation (distribution of 384 questionnaires). Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques such as Cronbach's alpha tests, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and structural equation modeling (SEM) have been used to analyze the data. In the qualitative part, the key criteria of the research were identified by fuzzy Delphi method. Then by conducting factor analysis and structural analysis, the results showed that each of the components of financial strategies, financial technology, conditions and features of the banking system environment, intervening factors and ... Manuscript profile

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379 - Stock trading strategy based on regression learning algorithms
NAASER HEYDARI مجید زنجیردار Ali Lalbar

The aim of this study is to develop a stock trading strategy using regression learning algorithms. The researcher utilized the Yahoo Finance database to collect the necessary data using Python programming. Key technical analysis indicators and oscillators were calculate More

The aim of this study is to develop a stock trading strategy using regression learning algorithms. The researcher utilized the Yahoo Finance database to collect the necessary data using Python programming. Key technical analysis indicators and oscillators were calculated and incorporated into the model. The performance of the regression algorithms was evaluated using indicators such as determination coefficient, mean error of the mean, and square root of the error. Advanced statistical methods and software including Python, Spider, SPSS, and Excel were employed to analyze the differences between the evaluation indices of the designed algorithms. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for meaningful comparison. Additionally, a diversified research sample consisting of companies from various sectors was chosen to generalize the findings. The selected companies were actively traded on the New York Stock Exchange with an average volume greater than 1 million and a market value larger than 200 trillion dollars. The sample was determined using a filter writing method on 28/06/2021 equal to 41 numbers as the sample of this research . The research was completed by the end of February 2023, and the random forest trading strategy model was identified as the most suitable approach.Keywords: Trading Strategy, Machine Learning, Regression Algorithms, Stock Exchange. Manuscript profile

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380 - Non-parametric momentum strategy based on rank and sign Study case: Tehran Stock Exchange
parsa jozzi sayyed mohammadreza davoodi saeed Kazemian hossinabadi

The purpose of this research is non-parametric momentum strategy based on rank and symbol in Tehran Stock Exchange. In the present research, two approaches to implementing the non-parametric momentum strategy were introduced as momentums based on rank and sign. MATLAB s More

The purpose of this research is non-parametric momentum strategy based on rank and symbol in Tehran Stock Exchange. In the present research, two approaches to implementing the non-parametric momentum strategy were introduced as momentums based on rank and sign. MATLAB software and coding were used for data analysis and model implementation. The research model is taken from the article of T. Sang et al. (2021). The results of the research on the monthly data of 16 industries from the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2013 and 2022 show that the momentum approach based on rank compared to normal and sign increases the Sharpe ratio by 30% and also the momentum of the rank in the value measure in Exposed to risk also has the lowest risk. In addition, the regression relationship shows that both the monthly rate momentum return and the monthly sign momentum return have a positive significant effect on the normal momentum monthly return at the confidence level of 0.95. The high and appropriate determination coefficient of 0.892 also shows that there is a linear relationship between the three yields. Manuscript profile

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381 - A Duble Quasi-sinusidal Waveform Elicitation From Matrix Converter Based on Orthogonal Strategy
Alireza Siadatan Ebrahim Afjei Hadi Aghazadeh

this paper has scrutinized an effective approach regarding to how to elicit double quasi-sinusoidal waveform with orthogonal angles that can be applicable for two-phase induction motors. Hither, to be more precisely declared that a switching strategy is proposed so that More

this paper has scrutinized an effective approach regarding to how to elicit double quasi-sinusoidal waveform with orthogonal angles that can be applicable for two-phase induction motors. Hither, to be more precisely declared that a switching strategy is proposed so that the provided voltages by Matrix Converter (MC) i.e., A and B phases have 90⁰ difference with each other. This switching strategy assists two-phase induction motors aimed at operating in appropriate state. As the created frequency in an important item for this motor, matrix converter can also undertake this function. It is worth mentioning that, the switching is somehow performed until bio-directional switches couldn’t be simultaneously triggered and withal taken place in the accurate switching order. Its related circuit in order to producing appropriate current and voltage has been tested considering MATLAB Simulink and experiment. The simulation result is extracted with respect to inductive and resistive load. Meantime, PWM method is carried out to extract experimental results that clearly show its effectual performance. Manuscript profile

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382 - Multi-Objective Optimization of Consumer's Profit and Distribution Transformer Aging Considering Electric Vehicles
Hamirdreza Allafieh Hosein Mohammadnezhad Shourkaei Soodabeh Soleymani Morcheh Khorti

The development of electric vehicles (EVs) will increase power transmitted through the distribution grid. Such an effect leads to accelerated aging in grid equipment, including pole-top distribution transformers. In the form of preventive and corrective measures, it is More

The development of electric vehicles (EVs) will increase power transmitted through the distribution grid. Such an effect leads to accelerated aging in grid equipment, including pole-top distribution transformers. In the form of preventive and corrective measures, it is possible to centrally manage the charging operations of a group of electric vehicles connected to a specific pole-top transformer (through the distribution system operator or an independent aggregator). This paper presents a centralized model to co-optimize transformer loss-of-life with benefits for charging and discharging management of consumers' electric vehicles. The proposed model is compared to the decentralized model, in which EV owners optimize their benefits without considering the damages to the transformers. The centralized and decentralized strategies were applied to a small local grid with a maximum number of 6 EVs connected to a local pole-top transformer and implemented and solved using GAMS software. The results show the benefits of the centralized strategy in balancing the grid assets, while consumers' arbitrage benefits are slightly reduced. Manuscript profile

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383 - A Three-Level Framework for Determining the Optimal Strategy of Microgrids to Participate in the Day-Ahead Competitive Market by Considering Electric Vehicles and Demand Response Programs
Abolfazl Bayatian Amir Ahmarinejad

In this paper, a three-level scenario-based framework for determining the optimal strategy and planning of microgrids located in a 118-bus distribution system is presented. This paper considers the uncertainties of renewable energy resources, load demand, and the c More

In this paper, a three-level scenario-based framework for determining the optimal strategy and planning of microgrids located in a 118-bus distribution system is presented. This paper considers the uncertainties of renewable energy resources, load demand, and the charge / discharge schedule of electric vehicles. In order to increase planning flexibility, the operator will be able to change the flow through the distribution feeder reconfiguration. Also in the proposed model, customers will be able to reduce their costs by participating in a demand response program. In the first level of the proposed model, the bidding strategy of microgrids is determined. In the second level, the market clearing price is determined by the independent system operator and according to the submitted bids. Finally, in the third stage, the problem of final microgrid programming is solved by a participatory game theory method. The proposed model is solved by the CPLEX solver in GAMS software and the results show that the dynamic topology improves the planning flexibility and thus reduces the total operating cost by about 10%. The results also show that the coordination of electric vehicles with scheduling, the presence of storage systems and the implementation of the demand response program leads to a significant reduction in the level of market-clearing price and thus reduce operating costs. Manuscript profile

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384 - A New Layout for English Letters on the Keyboard Using Evolutionary Strategy
Ali Asghar Poorhajikazam Kian Nimgaz Naghsh

Since the keyboard is the primary device of entering text into a computer, a keyboard with letters on the proper layout of high performance is essential. Obtaining a suitable arrangements for the letters on the keyboard is an optimization problem which different methods More

Since the keyboard is the primary device of entering text into a computer, a keyboard with letters on the proper layout of high performance is essential. Obtaining a suitable arrangements for the letters on the keyboard is an optimization problem which different methods have been proposed to solve it and its answer is the most appropriate permutation for letters on the keyboard which is 26 letters for English keyboard. In this paper, a new English keyboard layout has been proposed using evolutionary strategy which aims to increase typing speed and rectify some problems of current layout. To this end, a fitness function is used which includes parameters such as keys distance, fingers switch, frequency of use of both hands and etc. Different experiments have been conducted to evaluate the proposed approach and the results indicate that the obtained layout acts better than the current and other proposed layouts in the literature. Manuscript profile

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385 - Evaluation of Tourism Development Strategies Based on Brand Equity (a case study in Shiraz, Isfahan and Hamedan)
Mansoreh Esteky Davood Mohammaditabar

Tourism industry plays an important role in improving employment rate and the growth of the economy. Despite considerable capacities, the tourism industry has not been developed accordingly in Iran. The aim of this research is to identify and rank the tourism developmen More

Tourism industry plays an important role in improving employment rate and the growth of the economy. Despite considerable capacities, the tourism industry has not been developed accordingly in Iran. The aim of this research is to identify and rank the tourism development strategies of Iran based on brand equity. This research is categorized as an empirical study based on its subject while with respect to data gathering it is considered a descriptive case study. Statistical population includes well educated experts with appropriate experience on tourism industry. According to the results, brand equity, marketing strategy and travel motivation were the most important criteria. After analyzing the dependencies among criteria and identifying their weights with hybrid ANP-DEMATEL technique, initial strategies were screened and selected by Delphi method. Afterwards, selected strategies were ranked using TOPSIS method. Based on the results, the use of information technology is the first ranked tourism development strategy followed by improving of hoteling infrastructures. Manuscript profile

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386 - Investigating the relationship between corporate payment services and credit risk in corporate banking
Mohammad Hossein Salehi parviz saeidi Maryam Bokharayan

AbstractThe present research has examined the relationship between corporate payment services and credit risk in corporate banking in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The descriptive research method is correlation and the participants were 135 experts and managers of the c More

AbstractThe present research has examined the relationship between corporate payment services and credit risk in corporate banking in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The descriptive research method is correlation and the participants were 135 experts and managers of the country's banking network. The data collection tool included a questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics including Pearson's correlation test were used to describe the data, which was done through SPSS software. Corporate payment services have been investigated in two dimensions, banks' attention to customer needs assessment and interactive strategy with corporate customers. Data analysis showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the factors of corporate payment services and credit risk in corporate banking in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Also, the results showed that the factor of banks' attention to customer needs assessment is more important than the interactive strategy with corporate customers due to the higher correlation coefficient. Manuscript profile

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387 - Investigating The effect of planning and sales strategy on the performance of knowledge-based companies
Mina Sarshar Majid Fattahi Niloufar Imankhan

Today, technology-oriented companies are considered one of the main sources of wealth creation and competitiveness, considering the fact that the ability to provide technological and innovative products is the reason for the success of companies in a highly dynamic envi More

Today, technology-oriented companies are considered one of the main sources of wealth creation and competitiveness, considering the fact that the ability to provide technological and innovative products is the reason for the success of companies in a highly dynamic environment, experts consider marketing knowledge in knowledge-based businesses as the basis. They have proposed a sustainable competitive advantage. Therefore, the main goal of this article is the effect of planning and sales strategy on the performance of knowledge-based companies. This study is a review article that reviewed accessible texts using the keywords Planning, sales strategy, performance of knowledge-based company. NoorMags, SID, Google Scholar were mainly used in the search. Free search in Google search engine was used to collect background information. A strong sales strategy plan can lay the foundation for a cohesive and successful sales organization. This research showed that sales strategy and planning have a direct relationship in the performance of a knowledge-based company. It is suggested that the managers of the company develop a plan to achieve the sales goal and sales activities with the sales strategy. Also, sales strategy increases business victory in competition, retention and increase of customers for that business. Manuscript profile

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388 - Investigating the relationship between software support of the company's capabilities and the company's performance with regard to the mediating role of value and business strategy
Fatemeh Hooshangi Elahe Masoumi

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between software support of the company's capabilities and the company's performance with regard to the mediating role of value and business strategy in the central branches of banks in Golestan More

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between software support of the company's capabilities and the company's performance with regard to the mediating role of value and business strategy in the central branches of banks in Golestan province. The research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-correlation method based on structural equation model. The statistical population includes the central branches of banks in Golestan province, which were selected by the census method of all central branches, and the questionnaire was given to the heads and deputy heads of the branches in the number of 180 people. Data collection was done by means of a questionnaire. For data analysis, structural equation modeling was used using Smart-PLS version 3 software. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between software support of the company's capabilities with market performance, profitability, business strategy and business value. There is a significant relationship between business strategy and business value, market performance and profitability. There is a significant relationship between business value and market performance and profitability in the central branches of banks in Golestan province. Finally, business strategy and business value play a mediating role in the relationship between software support of company capabilities and market performance. Business strategy plays a mediating role in the relationship between software support of the company's capabilities and profitability. Business value does not play a mediating role in the relationship between software support of company capabilities and profitability. Manuscript profile

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389 - Investigating the Effectiveness of Organizational Capacities on The Adoption of Business Strategies in Iran's Food Industry
javid ahmadi farzaneh khalili

Today, due to the formation of a dynamic and competitive economic environment, the use of correct and timely strategies is an integral part of the competition of any industry. The main goal of this research is to identify organizational capacities and abilities in Iran' More

Today, due to the formation of a dynamic and competitive economic environment, the use of correct and timely strategies is an integral part of the competition of any industry. The main goal of this research is to identify organizational capacities and abilities in Iran's food industry and to use them in the way of adopting correct and timely strategies to improve the organization's performance.The current research was conducted with a broad conceptual model and the use of a descriptive/survey method. The statistical population of the research is all the active food industry companies in the country, and the number of 221 companies has been determined as the sample size. Calculations were done by structural equation method and using lisrel software, and the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the analysis of elites and professors, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test, average variance extracted. The findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between the organization's capacities and the organization's strategy orientation and performance. There is a positive and significant relationship between the marketing capabilities of the organization and the concentration strategy, managerial ability and cost leadership strategy, but the technological capacity in the organization is not sufficiently effective despite the positive and significant relationship with the concentration strategy.The final results show that by adopting Porter's general strategies along with identifying and increasing the quality of operators related to organizational capacities in Iran's food industry, the organization's financial and market performance can be significantly increased. Manuscript profile

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390 - Developing a Fuzzy Knowledge Based Optimisation System for Storage and Retrieval Operations of Long Stay Containers
Ali Abbas

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391 - Considering the Criteria interdependency in the Matrix Approach to Robustness Analysis with Applying Fuzzy ANP
Ali Sorourkhah Seyyed Ahmad Edalatpanah

10.30495/fomj.2021.1932066.1029

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392 - Comparison of Distance-Based Fuzzy MCDM Techniques to Evaluate Marketing Strategies for Tourism-Pilgrimage Hotels During a Pandemic
Milad Khajiyan Sheini Pour Mohammad Hemati

10.30495/fomj.2022.1960102.1070

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393 - The Relationship between Online Information Searching Strategies and English Reading Proficiency
Mehrak Rahimi Mahboobeh Hosseini

This study investigated the strategies Iranian high-school students use to search the Internet and the role of students’ gender and English reading comprehension proficiency in the use of these strategies. The population of the research included all male and femal More

This study investigated the strategies Iranian high-school students use to search the Internet and the role of students’ gender and English reading comprehension proficiency in the use of these strategies. The population of the research included all male and female students who were studying in public high-schools of Gorgan in the academic year 2011-12. One hundred and ninety high-school students were selected based on convenience sampling among the population who used the Internet for their studying. They filled in the Online Information Searching Strategy Inventory (OISSI) with three components including procedural, behavioral and metacognitive strategies (tool reliability =0.75). They also took part in the reading section of Cambridge University’s Key English Test (tool reliability =0.71). The data was analyzed using Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Correlation Coefficient. The result of the study showed the influence of gender on behavioral strategies, indicating that boys used this strategy more frequently than girls. However, gender did not show any effect on using procedural and metacognitive strategies. Further, evidence indicated a positive and significant relationship between English reading proficiency and online searching strategies. Besides, regarding information searching strategy inventory sub-scales, positive and significant relationship was found between English reading proficiency and metacognitive and procedural strategies. In general and two types of strategies, that is, metacognitive and procedural strategies. However, English reading was not found to be significantly related to using behavioral strategies to search the Internet.  Manuscript profile

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394 - The Relationship between Information and Communication Technology and Cultural Engineering Components at Islamic Azad University
Kiumars Niazazari Mehraneh Kazemian Marzieh Niazazari

This research reviewed the relationship between information and communication technology and cultural engineering at Islamic Azad University. The method of the research was descriptive- correlational. The statistical population of the study was managers and employees of More

This research reviewed the relationship between information and communication technology and cultural engineering at Islamic Azad University. The method of the research was descriptive- correlational. The statistical population of the study was managers and employees of Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch in 2013, among which a sample of 22 managers and 120 employees were selected through stratified random method. The data collecting tools were two researcher made questionnaires including information and communication technology questionnaire and cultural engineering questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression were used for data analysis. Results showed that there were the highest correlation between information and communication technology and core values of cultural engineering (0.68), cultural engineering strategy components (0.67) and the cultural engineering leadership (0.64) and there were the lowest correlation between information and communication technology and success standards in cultural engineering (0.51). In general, Findings revealed a relationship between information and communication technology and cultural engineering at university. It means that information and communication technology can play important role in performing each component of cultural engineering. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

395 - Security Strategies of China against Geopolitical and Geostrategic Actions of the United States
Mohsen Zamani

Abstract: The relations between China and the United States may be the most complex and the most controversial relations among the big powers. These relations are affected by numerous variables and in many cases have been opposite and unpredictable. China is a represent More

Abstract: The relations between China and the United States may be the most complex and the most controversial relations among the big powers. These relations are affected by numerous variables and in many cases have been opposite and unpredictable. China is a representative of the newly emerged powers and the United States is the representative of traditional powers. They have been considered as two rival and conflicting powers in world policies of the twenty first century. These complicated relations and China's emerging as a world power and the consequent repercussion of it is important in international system. Understanding the security strategies of these two countries in geostrategic and geopolitical region of the world will guide us about future prospect of international system. The present article tries to use an analytical model that is a moderation of the model of structural realism of Kenneth Waltz and raises this question that "what is China's security strategy against the geopolitical movements of the United States in geostrategic areas?" It is seen that China's security strategy is having four behavioral models of hard and soft balance, hard trail and soft trail which is based on relative strength, relative security and relative ideology. The methodology used in the paper is descriptive-analytical based on library sources. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

396 - The United Strategy and the Regional Order of the Middle East: From Classic Hegemony to Moderate Hegemony
ali mohammadi zia mohammad sotode

Abstract: The Middle East is a region with significant geostrategic and geopolitical place. This region is having great source of energy and for this reason it has been the focus of attention of extra-regional powers. The United States as the sole big power of the world More

Abstract: The Middle East is a region with significant geostrategic and geopolitical place. This region is having great source of energy and for this reason it has been the focus of attention of extra-regional powers. The United States as the sole big power of the world has paid special attention to this region and tries to pursue its objectives through different strategies. The present article by a documentary method and referring to documents of national security of the United States wants to know the strategy of the United States within the framework of regional orders. The underlying hypothesis is that the strategy of the United States for creating regional order in the Middle East has undergone change from classic hegemony to moderate hegemony. The finding of the study shows the new strategy of the United States is based on cooperation with the Middle East countries with minimum common interest of them. For this purpose the United States seeks legitimacy and support for the exercise of its power and actions in the region and the world. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

397 - The Explanation of Strategy of Geopolitics of Islamic Republic of Iran in Post Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
mohsen biuck Abdolreza FarajiRad Ezzatollah Ezzati

Iran’s pursuit of nuclear technology, following the many sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council, the European Union and the United States against Iran, targeted national power and reduced Iran’s geopolitical weight. After 12 years of negoti More

Iran’s pursuit of nuclear technology, following the many sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council, the European Union and the United States against Iran, targeted national power and reduced Iran’s geopolitical weight. After 12 years of negotiations, with a change in foreign policy mechanisms and tools and adoption of a strategy of deconstruction, perceptions and trust, in the time of 11th government of Iran, Iran negotiated with six world powers in 14th of July 2015, in Vienna, a nuclear agreement achieved. According to the effects and consequences of JCPOA, the purpose of this article is answering these questions: What are the JCPOA geopolitical strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats? What’s Iran’s geopolitical strategy after JCPOA, Presenting swot method, position analyzing, strategic action (space) shows us that Iran is in (so) developmental-aggressive position after JCPOA. So, according to this area, the strategy of Islamic Republic Of Iran was formulated and presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

398 - Obama's Middle Eastern Strategy: From Assigning Responsibility to Allies to Accepting limited responsibility
فرزاد محمدزاده ابراهیمی محمدرضا ملکی سید جواد امام جمعه زاده

Abstract There has been much criticism about Obama’s Middle East strategy and some believe that it lacked strategic prospect. An examination of the Middle East strategy of the United States under Obama administration from the viewpoint of neo-classic realism not More

Abstract There has been much criticism about Obama’s Middle East strategy and some believe that it lacked strategic prospect. An examination of the Middle East strategy of the United States under Obama administration from the viewpoint of neo-classic realism not only does not approve this view but also indicates that Obama has adopted a coherent strategy from the beginning of his presidency towards the Middle East and on this basis he has made significant efforts to promote the United States national security. So it is interesting to answer this question as to what strategy Obama adopted vis-à-vis the Middle East and what policies was pursued to achieve those goals? The present article by a descriptive-analytical method wants to show that the Middle East strategy of the United States under Obama administration started with assigning responsibility to its allies within the framework of balancing from remote distance and by the passage of time moved to accept limited responsibility. Taking into consideration the closeness of Obama’s administration foreign policy to realism theory, the authors of the article believe that this theory can better explain the foreign policy of the United States under Barack Obama presidency.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

399 - An Alternative Look at the Foundation of IR of Iran's Foreign Relations: Its Strategic Culture during (1979-1989)
Homeira Moshirzadeh Majid Kafi

Abstract: The present article tries to analyze Iran's strategic culture in the immediate post revolution era i.e. the first decade after the formation of Islamic Republic of Iran, a period which is highly influenced by the late leader of the revolution, Imam Khomeini, More

Abstract: The present article tries to analyze Iran's strategic culture in the immediate post revolution era i.e. the first decade after the formation of Islamic Republic of Iran, a period which is highly influenced by the late leader of the revolution, Imam Khomeini, as the major decision maker in the country. The authors by a scientific method have drawn a comprehensive picture of the strategic culture of Iran on the basis of Imam Khomeini's perception. The article seeks to discover the main components and features of strategic culture in this period through a study of thirty three speeches of Imam Khomeini. These speeches are analyzed in order to show the cognitive map of Imam Khomeini about important issues. It is assumed that this cognitive map can reveal the connection among various factors that would lead to peace and security. The above cognitive map shows a distinctive approach to the issues of threat and defense. Although components such as emphasis on national power, military strength, national spirit and popular support are more conventional, elements such as the will of God, martyrdom seeking, justice seeking and other related values give this culture a particular distinctiveness. It is argued that distinctiveness can be seen as a model for an Iranian theory of security. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

400 - Evolution in Saudi Arabia's Military Strategy: Backgrounds and Reasons
Nader Pourakhondi

Abstract: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is more known as an oil exporting state than a military power. Saudi Arabia have always been claiming as the leader of the Arab World and protector of the countries of Saudi Arabia Peninsula but its military force despite spending More

Abstract: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is more known as an oil exporting state than a military power. Saudi Arabia have always been claiming as the leader of the Arab World and protector of the countries of Saudi Arabia Peninsula but its military force despite spending considerable amount of money does not have the ability for playing a prominent role in Persian Gulf region’s developments but from 2003, especially after Arab Spring events it has improved its military capabilities and interferes in regional developments. The Saudi Arabia military entered Bahrain after the unrest in that country. At present the Saudi Arabia military forces simultaneously participates in two military operations i.e. air attack in Syria along with international coalition and air and land operation against the Houthies in Yemen. The present article wants to examine the reason of Saudi Arabia military doctrine change from defensive to offensive position. The hypothesis is that the changes which have taken place in security environment of Saudi Arabia have led this country to adopt an offensive military doctrine. The present article has used descriptive-analytical method. The finding of the study shows that the purpose of the change in the military strategy of Saudi Arabia is to contain the regional influence of Iran.    Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

401 - Revival of regional power of Iran: (2005-2017)
abolfazl shakoori amir-hossein vazirian

10.30495/pir.2019.664712

Increased activism of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Middle East since 2005, in the form of a coalition called the Axis of Resistance accompanied by the display of power in Iraq, Syria, Lebanon and Yemen, has raised Iran as a regional power. This show of power is d More

Increased activism of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Middle East since 2005, in the form of a coalition called the Axis of Resistance accompanied by the display of power in Iraq, Syria, Lebanon and Yemen, has raised Iran as a regional power. This show of power is due to the unique position and characteristics of the interior, along with the impact of regional and international events. This paper uses the analytical-descriptive method based on library and internet resources to answer the question of what role the components of national power have been in increasing the regional power of the Islamic Republic of Iran? The findings of this research show that four variables of geographic location (geopolitics-geo-economics), economic components (economic growth rate, oil revenues, GDP, GDP per capita, exports and imports), military power component (strategy, costs, military equipment and role The IRGC in regional politics) and the adoption of Shi'a Islam identity has had an important influence on increasing the regional influence and power of Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

402 - A Comparative Assessment of US National Security Policy under Barack Obama and Donald Trump in Southwest Asia .
Hassan Esfandiairi ebrahim mottaghi

10.30495/pir.2021.686842

Obama believed that the mere and superficial pursuit of American interests in the past and the lack of attention to the internal situation of the countries in this region has led to popular dissatisfaction in these countries; This is a potential threat to US long-term g More

Obama believed that the mere and superficial pursuit of American interests in the past and the lack of attention to the internal situation of the countries in this region has led to popular dissatisfaction in these countries; This is a potential threat to US long-term goals in the region. comes. Assessing US national security policy and the pattern of US strategic action will also require recognizing the perceptual differences of presidents. Comparative US security policy requires recognition of the national security document, the four-year defense document, State Department documents, and analytical formats published in the field of US security policy. In addition to the Presidential National Security Document, which is published in turn, there are various indications of the security models and processes available to the State Department, the Department of Defense, and strategic agencies. The US Department of Defense has been publishing the US defense strategy for four years. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the comparisons of US national security policy during the time of Barack Obama and Donald Trump in Southwest Asia. The research method was qualitative. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

403 - Fabianity of modernization;Comparison of the reform measures of Atatürk and Reza Shah (1921-1941)
Shahla Najafi Majid Bozorgmehri

Atatürk and Reza Shah started the modernization program in Turkey and Iran almost simultaneously. Despite the historical similarities in the field of corrective measures of both personalities, the aforementioned process brought different results in the two countri More

Atatürk and Reza Shah started the modernization program in Turkey and Iran almost simultaneously. Despite the historical similarities in the field of corrective measures of both personalities, the aforementioned process brought different results in the two countries; Compared to Reza Shah, Mustafa Kamal faced more success and the mobilization of the opposition was less widespread. The present study seeks to answer the question that compared to the simultaneous modernization project of Reza Shah and Atatürk, why Mustafa Kamal was more successful in institutionalizing reforms. Based on the findings of the research, Atatürk was able to implement his plans by adopting the Fabian approach (branch by branch and gradual, and striking method within the Fabian strategy) in the context and historical background of Turkish society. On the other hand, Reza Shah Pahlavi, without taking into account the historical and social situation of Iran's society at the time, could not provide infrastructure power in the society to support his policies with the simultaneous and radical plans. In this article, we will answer the research question in a brief manner by addressing the historical background of the reforms in the two countries, and then by using a qualitative and comparative analytical-historical-comparative method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

404 - The New Defense Diplomacy of United Kingdom and its Impact on Islamic Republic of Iran National Security
Seyed Ahmad Mirzaie Kazem Gharib Abadi Mohammad Hadi Rezaien

Abstract: According to United Kingdom’s defense ministry international defense engagement strategy document 2013, this country intends to make use of soft power potentials in field of defense diplomacy for achieving national interests and objectives. This program More

Abstract: According to United Kingdom’s defense ministry international defense engagement strategy document 2013, this country intends to make use of soft power potentials in field of defense diplomacy for achieving national interests and objectives. This program includes the participation of defense ministry in election process, formation of legislative assemblies, forming the structure of governments and judiciary in countries where they are passing through transition to democracy. It also includes defense cooperation in cyber, cultural and educational fields. The present article by a descriptive-analytical method examines the content of this new defense diplomacy and its negative implications for Iran. The underlying hypothesis of the article is that the United Kingdom wants to strengthen its presence and influence in the Middle East particularly in security zones surrounding Iran and this strategy is a threat to Iran’s national security. The article after analyzing 2013 document and its strategies and policies has come to a conclusion that the defense strategy of the United Kingdom is a serious threat to national security of Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

405 - The Place of Lebanon Hezbollah in Deterrence Strategy of Islamic Republic of Iran
Alireza Golshani Mohsen Bagheri

The aim of the present article is recognition and analysis of the palace of Hezbollah of Lebanon in deterrence strategy of Islamic Republic of Iran. The activities of Hezbollah of Lebanon adjacent to the Israeli borders (Israel as the main source of threat against the I More

The aim of the present article is recognition and analysis of the palace of Hezbollah of Lebanon in deterrence strategy of Islamic Republic of Iran. The activities of Hezbollah of Lebanon adjacent to the Israeli borders (Israel as the main source of threat against the Islamic Republic of Iran) while gives special importance to this movement it boosts the deterrence potential of Islamic Republic of Iran. The main question of the present article is what the impact of Islamic Republic of Iran support for the Lebanon Hezbollah is on deterrence potential of Iran? The underlying hypothesis is that the support of Islamic Republic of Iran for the Lebanon Hezbollah increases the deterrence power of Iran. For understanding the above hypothesis by descriptive-analytical method, variables like increasing the strategic depth of Iran, defeating the Israel deterrence and reducing military security factor and reducing the possibility of military attack on Iran are discussed. The finding of the study shows that the support of Islamic Republic of Iran for Hezbollah of Lebanon in the direction of containing Israel on the one side has led to defeat of Israel deterrence and the reduction of national security of that country. On the other hand it has added to depth of strategic for Islamic Republic of Iran and reducing the risk of possible military attack against Iran. This condition in the long run leads to increasing indirect regional deterrence power and national security of Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

406 - The Application of Games Theory in Describing the Elections Competitions
Majid Golparvar Mahdieh Shahabi

The Games theory is a mathematical theory for designing، analyzing، and describing conflicting situations. In this game the players involved، on the basis of certain rules are exposed to several choices. The Games theory is a study instrument for use in different level More

The Games theory is a mathematical theory for designing، analyzing، and describing conflicting situations. In this game the players involved، on the basis of certain rules are exposed to several choices. The Games theory is a study instrument for use in different level of analysis، from economic، political and military approaches of the government till individual and group relations. By using this theory one can study the logical behaviour of the players and analyze the strategies that they use and give sound suggestions for improving the choices for achieving maximum benefit and suffering the minimum loss. This theory also introduces a set of related concepts that one can use them as a framework for thought about complilcated phenomena. The basic assumption of the Games theory is rationality of the behaviour and the choices of man. Nowadays the games theory is having application in various social and political fields including elections competitions. In the present article by a descriptive-analytical method and by making use of mathematical calculations tries to explain and analyze how Games theory can be used in illustrating elections competitions( rules، kind of game and the possible strategy). It seems that by determining the strategy، kind of game، consequences، the cost of probability matrice and the equilibrium point of the players based on the rules of the games، one can describe and explain elections competitions. The main question of the article is how can we describe and explain the elections competitions on the basis of Games theory? Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

407 - Development Planning: A Study of Economic Development Strategy in the Fifth Development Plan (1973-1977)
Yazdani Mohammad Reza Asadollah Ghasri Zinalabedin Nikmaram

Iran، during the contemporary history and after coming in touch with progresses in the Western world، realized her shortcomings and after a lot of ups and down tried to step in the direction of the development. This attempt which started during Qajar period did not lead More

Iran، during the contemporary history and after coming in touch with progresses in the Western world، realized her shortcomings and after a lot of ups and down tried to step in the direction of the development. This attempt which started during Qajar period did not lead to any comprehensive written and planned development until Pahlavi period. In fact the first experience of plan development in Iran dates back to 1948. It was from this year that Mohammad Reza Pahlavi started planned programme for economic development of the country. In this way during his reign (1941-1979) he implemented five plans for economic development of the country. The present article by defining the concept of development and planning in the process of economic development believes that the fifth plan for economic development (1973-1978) took up a strategy (strategy of industrial development and open door policy) for economic development which did not match with political-economic conditions of Iran. The lack of economic programme for the increasing revenue coming from oil during 1970s، neglect of the agriculture sector and developing dependent capitalist system led to migration of population from rural areas to urban area. In this way public dissatisfaction and other repercussions of discontentment grew. These developments prepared the ground for crisis and elimination of the regime in 1979. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

408 - The Military Rise of China and the Challenges before American Hegemony
Mohammad Ali Basiri Syed Hesamolldin Moosavi Mohammad Ali rayatei neshad

The military rise of China is one of the important events of modern history. It is for more than two decades that China by taking up rational policies in domestic and international arena has achieved tremendous progress. These accomplishments along with vast potential o More

The military rise of China is one of the important events of modern history. It is for more than two decades that China by taking up rational policies in domestic and international arena has achieved tremendous progress. These accomplishments along with vast potential of this country has changed it into a great and influencing power and one of the candidates of superpower position in the twenty first century. Since the United States considers itself as the only superpower of the modern world, the rise of China is a challenge to its hegemony. This challenge points out the necessity of responding to it. The present article while evaluates the Chinese military progress, its impact and consequences raises this question that what should be the United States policy for facing the rising military power of China? The paper also evaluates the hypothesis that the military development and growth of China is the indication and its tendency for world hegemony and becoming a superpower in international arena. Thus with the rise of China and its establishment as a world power in new world order in thecoming decade, major contradiction will increasingly emerge between the United States and China. This conflict of interests, besides ideological difference, will lead to the strategic interest rivalry in Asia-Pacific and even in the whole world. Since these developments do not conform to the long range policies of the United States it will pursue a two pronged strategy of containment and participation to face this security dilemma. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

409 - Drone Strikes in Counterterrorism Operations: An Analysis with Emphasis on Yemen
Mohsen Karami Navehkesh Abbas Alipour

Abstract                Over the past year in restive Yemen, in Abyan and Shabwa provincial regions, it was declared that fighters of Al-Qaeda, who were related to Saudi Arabia, were hiding and More

Abstract                Over the past year in restive Yemen, in Abyan and Shabwa provincial regions, it was declared that fighters of Al-Qaeda, who were related to Saudi Arabia, were hiding and accumulating their power which resulted in shaping new groups such as Ansar al-Sharia. In this regard, the above-mentioned group, before being destroyed by Yemeni military in summer 2012, was attacked by unmanned drones, in line with Obama‘s counterterrorism strategy. The present study discusses whether the use of unmanned drones can help promote regional stability and security or it only serves as a new way to expand and extend extremism? We argue that the drone strikes in so called counterterrorism operations in tribal Pakistani areas and expanding these operations to Yemen has helped extremism and rise of bloody conflicts in the region and Al-Qaeda and Taliban have used this opportunity for more destabilizing the region. This indicates that Obama's counterterrorism and military strategy does not work. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

410 - مطالعه‌ی موردی ترجمه انگلیسی اصطلاحات در کتاب نخل خرما
عبد المجید نصیری مقدم ندا فاتحی راد

10.30495/lct.2021.1938504.1042

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین راهکارهای ترجمه اصطلاحات به زبان انگلیسی در متن ادبی براساس مدل بیکر (1992) انجام شده است. همچنین نشان داده شده که آیا استراتژی های بیکر در سرتا سر ترجمه انگلیسی بطور یکسان بکار رفته اند. مهمتر از همه ، کاستی های ترجمه اصطلاحات ارائه شده است. نمو More

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین راهکارهای ترجمه اصطلاحات به زبان انگلیسی در متن ادبی براساس مدل بیکر (1992) انجام شده است. همچنین نشان داده شده که آیا استراتژی های بیکر در سرتا سر ترجمه انگلیسی بطور یکسان بکار رفته اند. مهمتر از همه ، کاستی های ترجمه اصطلاحات ارائه شده است. نمونه انتخاب شده در این پژوهش، کتاب " نخل خرما" به عنوان متن منبع ازمرادی کرمانی، و ترجمه انگلیسی به عنوان متن مقصد توسط کارولین کروسکلی بوده است. داده ها به صورت توصیفی و کیفی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند و نتایج در قالب جدول و شکل ارائه شدند. پس از تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها ، برخی از کاستی های مهم در ترجمه انگلیسی به عنوان ترجمه بی معنی ، اصطلاحات ترجمه نشده ، اضافه کردن و حذف برخی از کلمات از زبان مقصد مشاهده شده است. علاوه بر این ، تمام استراتژی های اصطلاحات توسط مترجم اعمال شده است، اما هیچ یک از آنها به طور مساوی در ترجمه انگلیسی بکار نرفته اند. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده ، استراتژی های "ترجمه بازگویی" در بسیاری موارد و مکررا توسط مترجم مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. این استراتژی بیشتر در روند ترجمه اصطلاحات در مواردی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد که مترجم نتواند معادل اصطلاحات منبع را پیدا کند. کمترین استراتژی های بکار رفته مربوط به "استفاده از اصطلاح با معنی و شکل مشابه" است که  مترجم تلاش می کند تا یک اصطلاح را در زبان مقصد پیدا کند که معادل آن با زبان مبدا هم از نظر معنا و هم از نظر واژگان است. همانطور که بیکر (1992) اظهار می دارد ، این استراتژی به سختی یافت می شود ، زیرا زبانها در نحوه شناسایی یک مفهوم واحد متفاوت هستند. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

411 - بررسی ترجمه تابلوهای عمومی استان کرمان
ناصر پارسا ندا فاتحی راد

10.30495/lct.2022.1961911.1065

تحقیق حاضر به بررسی ترجمه تابلوهای عمومی شهر کرمان و چند شهرستان اطراف آن (ماهان، زرند، رفسنجان، شهربابک) پرداخته است. بدین منظور، 64 تابلو بطور تصادفی از شهرهای نام برده شده توسط محقق جمع آوری شد. داده های این پروژه بر اساس مدل نورد (2001) جمع آوری و بررسی شدند. بطور ک More

تحقیق حاضر به بررسی ترجمه تابلوهای عمومی شهر کرمان و چند شهرستان اطراف آن (ماهان، زرند، رفسنجان، شهربابک) پرداخته است. بدین منظور، 64 تابلو بطور تصادفی از شهرهای نام برده شده توسط محقق جمع آوری شد. داده های این پروژه بر اساس مدل نورد (2001) جمع آوری و بررسی شدند. بطور کلی هدف از انجام این پروژه، بررسی تابلوها از دو بعد فرهنگی و زبان شناسی بود. همچنین فراوانی اشتباهات بکار رفته بر اساس مدل مذکور توسط مترجمان مختلف نشان داده شده است. در آخر هدف از انجام این تحقیق، شناسایی کاستی های ترجمه های فارسی بوده است. داده ها توسط محققان جمع آوری شدند و با استفاده از نرم افزار اس پی اس اس پردازش شده اند. به عبارت دیگر، داده های توصیفی شامل فراوانی و درصد بودند که توسط جداول و نمودار مربوطه نشان داده شده اند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد اکثریت اشتباهات مربوط به موارد فرهنگی بوده اند که اشتباهات "ترجمه کلمه به کلمه" و "اطلاعات" بیشترین درصد فراوانی را به خود اختصاص داده اند. علاوه بر این، برخی از کاستی های این ترجمه ها توسط پژوهشگران مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته اند. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

412 - نگاه اجمالی بر ترجمه شفاهی پی در پی
حسین رحمان پناه

10.30495/lct.2022.1949877.1051

در ترجمه شفاهی پیاپی در ابتدا سخنران جملات کوتاهی را ادا می کند و سپس مکث می کند تا مترجم کار ترجمه رو شروع کرده و آن ها را برای حاضران بیان کند. به عبارت دیگر، در ترجمه شفاهی، مترجم شفاهی به بخشی از  صحبتهای یک سخنران که به زبان مبدأ ارائه می‌شود گوش داده و یادداش More

در ترجمه شفاهی پیاپی در ابتدا سخنران جملات کوتاهی را ادا می کند و سپس مکث می کند تا مترجم کار ترجمه رو شروع کرده و آن ها را برای حاضران بیان کند. به عبارت دیگر، در ترجمه شفاهی، مترجم شفاهی به بخشی از  صحبتهای یک سخنران که به زبان مبدأ ارائه می‌شود گوش داده و یادداشت‌برداری می‌کند. این یادداشت‌ها صرفاً برای کمک به حافظه بکاربرده می‌شوند و تمام آنچه را گوینده بیان نموده است بصورت کلمه به کلمه شامل نمی‌شوند. یعنی با مکث سخنران، مترجم شفاهی فرصتی برای ترجمه انچه شنیده است ، پیدا میکند. بنابراین مترجم شفاهی پیاپی به مهارتهایی چون حضورذهن بالا، حافظه و ذهن قوی، اعتماد به نفس ارتقا یافته و تسلط  وافر به دو زبان مبدا و مقصد  نیاز مند است. در این مقاله، محقق با مروری بر مدل های اخیر ترجمه شفاهی پیاپی و استراتژی هایی که مترجم شفاهی در حین ترجمه از انها بهره مند میگردد، به اهمیت نقش حافظه ، یادداشت برداری و ویژگیهای شخصیتی مترجم شفاهی پرداخته و راهکارهایی را برای ارتقا این عوامل پیشنهاد میکند. Manuscript profile

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413 - بررسی تأثیر بازخورد اصلاحی شفاهی ضمنی و صریح بر توانایی گفتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی: نقش تعاملی راهبرد خودتنظیمی
نادیا قرنی حامد ضرابی نیما یمرلی

10.30495/lct.2023.1986573.1088

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر دو نوع OCF بر مهارت های گفتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی، تأثیر راهبردهای خودتنظیمی بر مهارت گفتاری زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی و نقش تعاملی راهبرد خودتنظیمی با دو نوع OCF انجام شد. این پژوهش شامل 60 دانش‌آموز دختر نوجوان دبیرستانی گنبدکاووس استان گل More

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر دو نوع OCF بر مهارت های گفتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی، تأثیر راهبردهای خودتنظیمی بر مهارت گفتاری زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی و نقش تعاملی راهبرد خودتنظیمی با دو نوع OCF انجام شد. این پژوهش شامل 60 دانش‌آموز دختر نوجوان دبیرستانی گنبدکاووس استان گلستان بود که به سه گروه بیست نفری «کنترل»، «تلویحی» و «صریح» تقسیم شدند. سطوح مهارت زبانی دانش‌آموزان با استفاده از آزمون همگن شدند آزمون تعیین سطح آکسفورد (OPT). فرم های رضایت و پرسشنامه های خودتنظیمی در ابتدای آزمایش توزیع شد. داده‌ها از طریق پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون ارزیابی گفتاری (با استفاده از آزمون‌های نمونه آیلتس) جمع‌آوری و با استفاده از آنالیز واریانس دو طرفه و آنالیز واریانس دوطرفه تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بین میانگین‌های پس‌آزمون آشکار، ضمنی و کنترل پس از در نظر گرفتن تأثیر پیش‌آزمون تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد. به‌علاوه، حتی پس از محاسبه تأثیر پیش‌آزمون، اختلاف قابل‌توجهی بین میانگین نمرات گروه‌های خودتنظیمی پایین و بالا در رابطه با نتایج پس‌آزمون وجود داشت. در نهایت، بین انواع بازخورد (صریح، ضمنی و کنترل) و سطوح خودتنظیمی تعامل معناداری وجود نداشت. Manuscript profile

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414 - تا ثیرتفاوت سن فراگیران بر کاربرد راهبردهای یادگیری واژه در زبان دوم
زهرا شوشتری سمیرا حیاتی سامیان سعید خزایی

مقاله حاضر در پی شناسایی راهبردهای  فراگیری واژه توسط زبان آموزان ایرانی و رابطه احتمالی تفاوتهای سنی افراد در این زمینه است.برای رسیدن به این هدف، 60 دانشجوی زبان شامل 25 پسر و 35 دختر در یک موسسه زبان بر اساس آزمون سطح بندی آکسفورد انتخاب شدند. سپس بر اساس سن یه More

مقاله حاضر در پی شناسایی راهبردهای  فراگیری واژه توسط زبان آموزان ایرانی و رابطه احتمالی تفاوتهای سنی افراد در این زمینه است.برای رسیدن به این هدف، 60 دانشجوی زبان شامل 25 پسر و 35 دختر در یک موسسه زبان بر اساس آزمون سطح بندی آکسفورد انتخاب شدند. سپس بر اساس سن یه دو گروه زیر 20 سال و بزرگسال تقسیم شدند. 4 ابزار شامل آزمون آکسفورد، پرسشنامه راهبرد فراگیری واژه، آزمون واژه، ویک مصاحبه برای جمع آوری اطلاعات بکار گرفته شد.نتایج نشان دهنده آنست که هردو گروه از راهبرد حفظ واژه بیش از دیگر راهبردها استفاده می کنند اما در مورد دیگر راهبردها تفاوت هایی وجود دارد.در حالیکه میان سن افراد گروه زیر 20 سال و نتیجه آزمون واژه زابطه منفی وجود دارد، ارتباط معنی داری میان سن بزرگسالان و نتیجه  آزمون واژه نیست. یافته ها نشان دهنده لزوم آموزش راهبردها برای گروههای سنی و سطوح زبانی مختلف است. Manuscript profile

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415 - شناسایی و اولویت بندی استراتژی های سازمانی با ترکیب تحلیل SWOT و رویکرد MCDM - مطالعه موردی شرکت کاله در گیلان
امیر سلطان علیزاده سید محمود شبگو منصف

روند جهانی شدن و پیشرفت های تکنولوژیکی سریع باعث تغییرات سریع در بازارهای می شود. در بازارهای چالش برانگیز آینده نیاز به آگاهی و آمادگی برای پاسخ سریع است. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی و اولویت دادن استراتژی های سازمانی فروش و توزیع شرکت کاله در گیلان است. به منظور تحلیل ن More

روند جهانی شدن و پیشرفت های تکنولوژیکی سریع باعث تغییرات سریع در بازارهای می شود. در بازارهای چالش برانگیز آینده نیاز به آگاهی و آمادگی برای پاسخ سریع است. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی و اولویت دادن استراتژی های سازمانی فروش و توزیع شرکت کاله در گیلان است. به منظور تحلیل نقاط قوت، ضعف، فرصت ها و تهدیدات سازمان، از ماتریس SOWT استفاده شد. ماتریس چهار استراتژی مبتنی بر عوامل داخلی و خارجی را توسعه داد. از آن زمان استراتژی های طراحی شده با استفاده از روش تصمیم گیری چند معیاره (toppsis) اولویت بندی شدند. جمع آوری داده ها از طریق مطالعه اسناد، پرونده ها، مصاحبه ها و دو پرسشنامه توزیع شده انجام شد. بر این اساس، دو استراتژی که اولویت بندی استراتژی ها را نسبت به مقادیر زیادی می سنجند عبارتند از: اولا سازمان باید محصولات با کیفیت بالا را با اجرای کامل فرایند و محصولات زنجیره ای سرد حفظ کند تا محصولات با کیفیت بهتر نسبت به محصولات رقبا فراهم شود. اولویت دوم سازمان بازاریابی مینیاتوری مویرگی و تمرکز بر عملکرد کانال های توزیع و تمایز در زمان تحویل با اجرای این استراتژی تعداد مشتریان جدید و حجم مشتریان قبلی را افزایش می دهد. Manuscript profile

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416 - بررسی نقش تعدیلگری استراتژی های رقابتی در تأثیر یکپارچگی زنجیره تامین بر عملکرد مالی و عملیاتی (مطالعه موردی: صنعت تولید خودرو در ایران)
رقیه توده بهمبری منصور صوفی

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417 - عارضه یابی و رتبه بندی عوامل مؤثر در شکست مدیریت استراتژیک در شرکت مخابرات ایران
رضا خضردوست نرگس دل افروز

هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، عارضهیابی و رتبهبندی عوامل مؤثر در شکست مدیریت استراتژیک در شرکتهای سایز بزرگ است. پژوهش از حیث هدف کاربردی و از نوع توصیفی – پیمایشی میباشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه متخصصان و خبرگان شرکت مخابرات هستند که تعدادشان 191 نفربوده و به روش More

هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، عارضهیابی و رتبهبندی عوامل مؤثر در شکست مدیریت استراتژیک در شرکتهای سایز بزرگ است. پژوهش از حیث هدف کاربردی و از نوع توصیفی – پیمایشی میباشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه متخصصان و خبرگان شرکت مخابرات هستند که تعدادشان 191 نفربوده و به روش تمام شماری، تعداد 191 نفر نیز به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه محقق ساخته میباشد که پایایی آن به روش آلفای کرونباخ و روایی آن به روش روایی صوری مورد تایید قرار گرفت. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها در بخش آمار توصیفی از نرم افزار آماری SPSS23 و در بخش آمار استنباطی از روش مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری Lisrel8.80 اقدام شده است. یافتههای تحقیق نشان داد که عواملی از قبیل: تغییر سریع شرایط و عدم توانائی در مدیریت تغییر، عدم توازن بین کسبوکار جاری و استراتژی گروههای غیررسمی، عدمتشخیص صحیح گلوگاه، فقدان شایستگیهای کلیدی، دلبستگی به استراتژی گذشته، ارتباط نامناسب برنامه با چشم انداز، عدم وجود قوانین و سازکارهای شناسایی و حل مشکلات اجرایی و آموزش و هدایت ناکافی از مهمترین عوامل موثر بر شکست مدیریت استراتژیک در شرکت مخابرات هستند و در بین عوامل شناخته شده بیشترین میزان تاثیر مربوط به عدم تشخیص صحیح گلوگاه به میزان 0/47 میباشد. بر این اساس تقویت مهارتهای مدیران و برنامه ریزان استراتژیک سازمان در تشخیص گلوگاه ها و موانع سازمان ضروری میباشد. Manuscript profile

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418 - Genetic Perspective of Ascites Syndrome in Meat-Type Chickens
ج. احمدپناه ع.ا. شادپرور ن. قوی حسین-زاده ع. پاکدل

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419 - اثر زمان‌های مختلف تغذیه روی عملکرد گاوهای شیری دو‌رگه در طی تنش گرمایی تابستان
م. گول آی. احمد ر. خان اس. ام سهیل اس. اختر آ. رحمان آ. ایجاز آ. گوهر

بخش پرورش حیوانات اهلی در پاکستان یک موقعیت بینظیر را در توسعه اقتصاد ملی این کشور شامل میشود. مطالعه حاضر برای ارزیابی به کارگیری استراتژی کاهش استرس گرما از طریق استفاده از زمانهای مختلف تغذیه روی صفات عملکردی تولید و ترکیب شیر و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی آ More

بخش پرورش حیوانات اهلی در پاکستان یک موقعیت بینظیر را در توسعه اقتصاد ملی این کشور شامل میشود. مطالعه حاضر برای ارزیابی به کارگیری استراتژی کاهش استرس گرما از طریق استفاده از زمانهای مختلف تغذیه روی صفات عملکردی تولید و ترکیب شیر و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی آن در گاوهای شیری در طی فصل تابستان انجام شد. بیست رأس گاو هلشتاین فریزین به طور تصادفی در چهار گروه تیماری (G1: 80/20، G2: 50/50،G3 : 100/0 وG4 : 0/100؛ از نسبتهای روز به شب) تقسیم شدند. تولید و ترکیب شیر و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمایی آن و سطح مالوندیآلدئید در سرم خون تعیین شدند. نتیجهگیری اینکه تغییرات در زمان تغذیه، به طور معنیداری تولید شیر را در گروههایی که در بخش خنکتر روز تغذیه میکردند افزایش داد. ترکیب شیر و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی آن نیز از نوسانات تغذیه در زمانهای صبح و عصر تأثیر پذیرفتهاند. بنابراین، تغییر در زمان تغذیه در طی فصل تابستان در نواحی گرم یک روش عملیاتی مناسب برای بر طرف نمودن اثرات تنش گرمایی روی عملکرد تولیدی گاوهای شیری است. Manuscript profile

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420 - Genetic Parameters Estimation of Prolificacy Traits under the FecB Introgression Pressure in Afshari Sheep Breed
M. Pourtahmasebian Ahrabi M.P. Eskandarinasab M. Bagher Zandi Baghcheh Maryam

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421 - Comparison of Breeding Scenarios in Open Nucleus Breeding System for Genetic Improvement of Iranian Native Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
ع. صفری A.A. Shadparvar N. Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh M. Jafaroghli J. Ahmadpanah

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422 - Explaining the role of technological innovation in the strategic position of the organization(Case of study: Esfahan ́s Mobarakeh Steel Company in Iran)
Manzar Sobhani Mehr Mohammad Mahmoodi Meymand

Considering the ever-increasing progress of various technologies and their importance for the survival and international competition of companies in various industries, it is very important to formulate and implement the correct and appropriate strategies of each organi More

Considering the ever-increasing progress of various technologies and their importance for the survival and international competition of companies in various industries, it is very important to formulate and implement the correct and appropriate strategies of each organization according to its special technological capacities and capabilities. This study aims to identify the technological innovation components of the organization and examine their role in the strategic position of the organization. For the present study, quantitative research method (questionnaire) and interview tool were used in order to extract part of the required information. The statistical community of the research is the Esfahan's Mobarakeh Steel Company, and the experimental data were analyzed using structural equation modeling by Lisrel software. The results of this research show that there are positive and significant relationships between the components of technological innovation and the strategic position of the organization. In other words, for policymaking and improvement of technological innovation factors in organizations, appropriate strategies can be used for each of them. Therefore, in order to gain a superior competitive position, Esfahan's Mobarakeh Steel Complex must apply the factors of technological innovation at the same time using the right and appropriate strategies and be innovative and progressive. Also, a model was presented to investigate the relationship between the components, which was confirmed according to the research results. Based on the findings of this research, the output factors of technological innovation have the least effect on the cost strategy of this company compared to other components. Manuscript profile

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423 - Determining the Optimal Marketing Strategy in the Hotel Industry with Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method (According to Zabul Hotels)
parastoo sarani Alireza Shahraki

10.30495/uf.2021.1934021.1005

The purpose of this study is to select the optimal marketing strategy in the hotel industry in Zabol. In this research, indicators have been extracted by surveying ten experts and strategists in the hotel industry. Research options include three strategies of cost leade More

The purpose of this study is to select the optimal marketing strategy in the hotel industry in Zabol. In this research, indicators have been extracted by surveying ten experts and strategists in the hotel industry. Research options include three strategies of cost leadership, focus, and differentiation based on the Porter model. After determining the indicators based on the model presented in Holi research, they have been weighted by Shannon entropy Multi-Criteria Decision Making method and then the options have been ranked by TOPSIS multi-criteria decision making method. The results of weighting the indicators show that the indicators of managerial capability, human resource assets, new market capabilities, customer relationship capability and finally reputation assets are of the highest to lowest importance, respectively. The results of ranking the options indicate that the cost leadership strategy is in the first rank and then the focus strategy and the differentiation strategy are in the second and third ranks, respectively.  Manuscript profile

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424 - Designing the Strategy Map with Combined Approach of Anp and Dematel
Meghdad Haji Mohamad Ali Jahromi Hossein Amoozad-Khalili Emad Youran Alieh Peykar

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425 - Neural Network Model Based on The Control for Transient Stability and Low-Frequency Oscillation in Power System Operation
Amir Bagheran Sharbaf Ali Asghar Shojaei

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426 - RCMS-: Requirements Conflict Management Strategy in CSOP+RP
Soheil Afraz Hasan Rashidi naser mikaeilvand

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427 - Strategic Planning of Tourism Development with Emphasizing the Colm Village target tourism in Ilam province
Hamed Ghasempour Reza Ghafarnia Karam Khlili

Therefore, every region to achieve sustainable development and increased competitiveness, the strategic plan is needed. Research in order to provide effective strategies for tourism development in the village of cabbage goal of functions Badra city in Ilam province, met More

Therefore, every region to achieve sustainable development and increased competitiveness, the strategic plan is needed. Research in order to provide effective strategies for tourism development in the village of cabbage goal of functions Badra city in Ilam province, methodology and tools and techniques AHP framework of a comprehensive strategy to put Mtmhnzr. Braynasas, according to the research in terms of methodology, a descriptive analysis based on objective, functional and via two-way data collection, documentation and field present situation, situation analysis and strategic recommendations are discussed. Qzavny targeted methods, distribution, and results obtained. In addition to looking at 30 and 35 strength and weakness opportunities and threats and scores matrix of internal and external factors as well as the diagram 9 house, extractive strategy, is maintenance. Finally, strategies for development using AHP process of prioritizing and implementing programs to implement each of the strategies of tourism development to maintain and enhance the current situation is presented. Manuscript profile

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428 - Strategies of Rural Costal Tourism Development of Guilan Province
yaser Ramezannezhad Abdolreza Roknoddin Eftekhari

Coastal shores of Guilan with have the natural attractions, as well as sandy beaches and beautiful scenery can be one of the most centers of coastal tourism. Success in the development of coastal tourism requires strategic planning. The aim of this paper is the formulat More

Coastal shores of Guilan with have the natural attractions, as well as sandy beaches and beautiful scenery can be one of the most centers of coastal tourism. Success in the development of coastal tourism requires strategic planning. The aim of this paper is the formulation of strategies of rural coastal tourism development in the province of Guilan. For this purpose, an open questionnaire gave to the group of professionals and through were Identified a list of common points of weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats. Whit using of Swot model, strategies were formulated that based on the final score priority of strategies are as follows:assignment of coastal tourism Affairs (coastal tourism destinations) to tourism organizations in order to effective and efficient planning, management and marketing (4.102), The holding of workshops and training courses to build expertise and capabilities in human resource of organizations and local communities with a score (4.079), the allocation of financing and facilitate the process of obtaining a license to create a coastal tourism-related jobs by local communities (3/989), encouraging and supporting the private sector investors to create and the development of appropriate facilities in the coastal tourism destinations (3.963), and encourage and support the creation of NGOs in order to education and promote environmental culture in order to preserve of environment of the village and coast (3.636). Manuscript profile

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429 - Strategies to make pedestrians passages using SWOT and QSPM in Sareyn
Asghar Pashazadeh Mohamadhasan yazdani Fatemeh Zadvali

Today planning and designing pedestrians could increase sustainable development and social interactions. So to do this, it is required to recognize challenges and potentials of making pedestrians and to recommend some solutions to deal with them. What is needed is to re More

Today planning and designing pedestrians could increase sustainable development and social interactions. So to do this, it is required to recognize challenges and potentials of making pedestrians and to recommend some solutions to deal with them. What is needed is to recognize strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats of making pedestrian in this city. The research is applied in terms object and in terms of nature is descriptive- analytical. In order to collect data, documentary and field studies were utilized. Statistic population of the research is involved the down town’ experts and guilds which were chosen intentional. So, in the field studies strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats of Sareyn were recognized in terms of indicators. Given to the factors, some strategies were proposed by SWOT. Then by experts and guilds remarks one of the primary strategies were chosen and by QPSM, final strategy were chosen through the primary one. By the field studies, as internal factors, 8 weaknesses, 8 strengths, and as external factors 14 opportunities and 5 threats were recognized. Given to them, 4 offensive strategies, 4 conservative strategies, 2 competitive and 2 defensive strategies were proposed by SWOT. Finally conservative strategies were chosen and the results of QPSM showed that strategy of “organizing streets and parkings” with 5.11 and strategy of “organizing green space and open space of the passage” with 2.5 are highest and lowest strategies. Manuscript profile

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430 - Assessing the Managerial Capabilities of Tehran in Line with Strategic Planning of Urban Green Space Development
Seyedeh Hoda Jazayeri Alireza Poursaeed maryam omidi najafabadi

Introduction: Given the acute crisis and challenges of air pollution in Tehran and the role of efficient urban green space management in the production and promotion of green space indicators, the development of green space management is a necessity and can help to solv More

Introduction: Given the acute crisis and challenges of air pollution in Tehran and the role of efficient urban green space management in the production and promotion of green space indicators, the development of green space management is a necessity and can help to solve Pollution crisis should be considered by planners and relevant officials. In this regard, it seems necessary to Assessing the Environmental Capabilities of Tehran in Line with Strategic Planning of Urban Green Space Development.Methodology: Research Methodology: Necessary information was collected using classical Delphi technique in three stages and prioritized using SWOT technique and identified strategies based on quantitative strategy planning matrix (QSPM). The sample consisted of experts, managers and scientific and executive experts and experts related to the subject of research in Tehran who were purposefully selected.Geographical area of research: In this research, the area of Tehran city with an area of about 730 square kilometers was studied.Results and discussion: Based on the findings in the internal factors evaluation matrix for sustainable management of green space in Tehran, the existence of medium and long-term organizational plans for the implementation of urban green space development plans and projects, the most important strength and Lack of management and local planning for green spaces in different areas of Tehran are the most important weakness for green space management in Tehran. Based on the findings of the evaluation matrix of external factors in order to manage the green space of Tehran, the strategic importance of Tehran in the country and the special attention of officials and planners to the development of the city in all dimensions, including the development of green spaces in this city is the most important Opportunity and increase in air pollution and the impact on green space quality are the most important threats facing the management of green space in Tehran.Conclusion: Based on the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM), it can be said that strategies such as effective monitoring of good implementation of laws and regulations in the field of green spaces in Tehran, preparation and development of a comprehensive green space plan and damage management Inhumane such as pests, plant diseases and adverse cases in urban green spaces are considered as the priority of the most important strategies for managing the green space of Tehran. Manuscript profile

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431 - Analyzing the limits of optimal urban governance and providing practical strategies (case study: Hamadan city)
sadegh hasani parvane ziviyar mohsen ranjbar

IntroductionAs one of the new megacities of the country, Hamedan faces wide challenges in the urban management process. Mismanagement in providing services among urban areas, lack of spatial justice, physical-spatial heterogeneity, lack of transparency in providing plan More

IntroductionAs one of the new megacities of the country, Hamedan faces wide challenges in the urban management process. Mismanagement in providing services among urban areas, lack of spatial justice, physical-spatial heterogeneity, lack of transparency in providing plans and programs, and increasing citizen problems in connection with this area have caused the problems of Hamadan city to increase. So that the continuation of the current process can face the city with serious crises at different levels, in this context, it seems necessary to address the challenges and limitations of urban governance.MethodologyThe current research, with a descriptive-analytical method and in terms of practical and developmental goals, explains the challenges and limitations of desirable urban governance and presents practical strategies. The statistical community of the current research is made up of all the expert and excellent experts of Hamedan city management group, whose sample size was estimated to be 35 people.Geographical area of researchThe geographical area of this research is the city of Hamadan.Results and discussionThe analysis of the research findings was processed based on the mean test models in SPSS software and the SWOT strategy presentation model.ConclusionThe results indicate that the main challenges of desirable urban governance in Hamedan city include participatory factors, effectiveness and efficiency, and corruptive factors. The "SO Strategy" was identified as the most important strategy for desirable urban governance in Hamedan city. The main opportunities for Hamedan city in utilizing desirable governance strategies include changing the municipality's approach from a service-oriented institution to a social institution, adopting and promoting innovative technologies in municipal services across different areas of the city, emphasizing Hamedan's significance as a major city with a historical and touristic background, and conducting training programs to honor local authorities in the region. Manuscript profile

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432 - Analysis of the Development Planning Sardasht With strategic approach City development Strategy (CDS)
ali shamaee avat abdollahi mohsen yousefi

City development strategy (CDS) process to determine the long-term vision of development. In this study, in addition to physical approach to strengthen the city's economy, protect the environment, improve the structure of the city has also emphasized And short-term plan More

City development strategy (CDS) process to determine the long-term vision of development. In this study, in addition to physical approach to strengthen the city's economy, protect the environment, improve the structure of the city has also emphasized And short-term plans to achieve the operational objectives of the program is determined. Public participation, City planners and managers at all stages of preparation, implementation and monitoring of standards realization of this strategy. Sardasht of the cities that govern the planning approach, top-down approach that public participation in urban development is weak. The aim of this study is to understand the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in accordance with the above approach. Analytical method using SWOT model to provide appropriate strategies. In the study, the main factors affecting the development of the city by urban experts and citizens were identified using a questionnaire and after the appraisal and SWOT matrix and weighting factors are given appropriate strategies. The results of the evaluation showed that the most appropriate development strategy Sardasht SO (strategy development) with active participation of the people Manuscript profile

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433 - Geo-Strategic capabilities of the Zionist regime and its impact on the Geopolitics of the Islamic republic of Iran
alireza keshvardoost hamed khadem

The forward research has been done with target recognition and specifying geostrategic ability of the Qods occupying regime to identify and determine the geo-strategic capabilities in the hardware field (military power), geo-politics (policy settlements and water) and s More

The forward research has been done with target recognition and specifying geostrategic ability of the Qods occupying regime to identify and determine the geo-strategic capabilities in the hardware field (military power), geo-politics (policy settlements and water) and software (the media) and its impact on the geopolitical Islamic republic of Iran. Geographic area where the research has been conducted, limited to the south and south-west Asia and north Africa are, But because of the widespread influence of this regime in the countries and international institutions, particularly the United States and its influence on the geo-strategic capabilities Quds occupiers, This relationship was also considered and investigated. Methods In this descriptive study - analysis and use of library resources, documents and the Internet are usually "common method is to study the humanities This study shows that politicians in the occupied territories and are based on the belief that peace in South-West Asia, Only through a combination of powerful hardware and software, it has achieved this regime, The only obstacle to achieving this result, the set of countries are supportive of the Islamic Resistance, And to crush the resistance, should be the mainstay and backbone of the Islamic Republic of Iran is about the in vision. So using all the tools that are intended to come into the beating heart of the Muslim world and its surrounds, And the different ways that affect the ability of geopolitical Manuscript profile

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434 - Strategies to Pedestrian-friendly neighborhood design (Case study: Chahno Neighborhood, region 6, Mashhad city)
حسین حاتمی نژاد نعیمه ترکمن نیا

The city is alive and dynamic phenomenon in the context of time that the city s body is the physic of the city and its soul is the citizens and their social interactions. Social actions in the context of the city are lead to alive, a sense of belonging to place and iden More

The city is alive and dynamic phenomenon in the context of time that the city s body is the physic of the city and its soul is the citizens and their social interactions. Social actions in the context of the city are lead to alive, a sense of belonging to place and identity and one of the most important contexts of urban life, are the trails of urban neighborhoods. This study examines Chahno neighborhood, region 6, Mashhad city, considering potentials and limitations of quality walking neighborhood to promote walking the neighborhood with an emphasis on SWOT analysis model, this research is applied and the research methodology is descriptive-analytical. The data collection tool is library documents and survey. In this study, two types of questionnaires were prepared for experts and residents that 30 questionnaires were for experts and the sample size considering Cochran formula and volume  statistical population (10378 inhabitants in the neighborhood in 1385) is calculated  260 questionnaires. SWOT analysis shows that the quality of walking in the Chahno neighborhood has 11 strength points, 9 weakness points, 9 opportunity points and 7 threat points. Also the strategic decisions should be taken to improve current status of the neighborhood and at the end of the study, have been proposed obtained strategies. Manuscript profile

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435 - The Strategy of Spatial Distribution of Rural Society Infrastructures of the Country
shohreh taj javad razmi

The lack of a comprehensive evaluation of the enjoyment of and relative level of rural society infrastructures of the contry based on scientific methods and relying on precise information and statistics is the most important barrier on and problem of rural plans. Scienc More

The lack of a comprehensive evaluation of the enjoyment of and relative level of rural society infrastructures of the contry based on scientific methods and relying on precise information and statistics is the most important barrier on and problem of rural plans. Science some information and statistics needed for the rural society is not subject to censuses in the demography and housing general censuses made by the Iranian center for statistics all over the contry , the indices of this research are provided based on the plan for the census of rural housing specifications made for the 1st time by the Iranian center for statistics and hosing foundation of the Islamic republic of Iran for 28 provinces of the country in summer 2003 . 208 compound indices are identified in the 1st phase of the research , then , with the objective of crediting indices by CV method, the most proper indices are classified under two behavioral and non-behavioral understanding senses, then ,using numerical Taxonomy method and Morris method and through a final combination of these two methods , the rural society of the contry has been classified under three levels: a-Combination of infrastructural , welfare, and development indices  infrastructural indices, and c-welfare and development indices, in order to find out opportunities and foreign threads, then, in order to find out domestic factors, including weak and power points, the amount of the distribution of services was verified through denim method. Then, information was combined in swat method and twelve strategies were chosen. Finally, strategies were evaluated and priorities were determined based on strategy of Qualitative programming matrix (SQPM). Seven strategies were given priority one and crash program in view of thought, education, technology, and production. Manuscript profile

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436 - Application of SEM Analysis for Designing Strategic Model for Agricultural Sustainable Development (ASD) in Iran
Keivan Torfi Ahmad Reza Ommani Azadeh Noorollah Noorivandi Mohammadsadegh Sabouri

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437 - Role of knowledge management in determination of human resources strategy
mohammad jalal kamali shahram zohdi rasoul salar nezhad

In today world, organizations must pay all their attention to their most important capital, knowledge. Human resources management of organizations is the nearest group to human inside the organization. A great part of knowledge is inside the human thoughts of the organi More

In today world, organizations must pay all their attention to their most important capital, knowledge. Human resources management of organizations is the nearest group to human inside the organization. A great part of knowledge is inside the human thoughts of the organization that knowledge management is responsible to capture and store this knowledge in knowledge bases. Meanwhile, the human resources unit is considered as an important and useful factor of managers of organization knowledge for the adjacency to organization members. This research aims at studying the role of knowledge management in determination of the essential strategies in human resources management. Thus, this research was conducted in 2018 by reviewing the domestic and foreign published references and articles about knowledge management and human resources management in data banks. The period to select the articles was 2015-2018. Studying the concepts and existed classifications about knowledge management show the extensive spectrum of ideas and views. However, the key point is that implementation factors of a knowledge management system can be different. Manuscript profile

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438 - Investigating the Opportunities and Obstacles to Development in the Border Areas of Iran Using the SWOT Model Case study: Iran's border with the Kurdistan region of Iraq
Ali Mohseni Reza Fekri barkoosaraei

AbstractBefore and after the fall of the Ba'ath regime, the border region of Iran and Iraq was a low-security, security-rich region. In the course of this period, the economic situation in the border regions of the two countries was not well developed. But since 2003, a More

AbstractBefore and after the fall of the Ba'ath regime, the border region of Iran and Iraq was a low-security, security-rich region. In the course of this period, the economic situation in the border regions of the two countries was not well developed. But since 2003, after the collapse of the Ba'athist regime and the rule of democracy in Iraq, the common borders of the two countries came out of a state of emergency and entered a new era, the most important feature of which is the economic prosperity of the border region of the two countries. A common border area between Iran and Iraq is the common border between Iran and the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Within the framework of democratic Iraq, the Kurdish region of Iraq became an autonomous entity in various fields, including economics. This has directly and independently linked this autonomous climate with neighboring countries, especially Iran. This has led to the rapid development of some of the border towns in Iran, egion. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore the opportunities and obstacles facing development in this region by using the SWOT model and present strategies for strengthening development in this region. In this regard, the main questions of the paper are as follows: What are the weaknesses, strengths, threats and opportunities facing the development of the border region of Iran with the Kurdistan region of Iraq? What strategies can be developed to improve the development situation in these areas? It is worth noting that this research was written in an analytical-descriptive manner. The data of this paper were obtained in a library and survey method and a questionnaire, and the analysis method was also performed through the SWOT model.Keywords: Development, Border Region, Iran, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, Strategic SWOT Model. Manuscript profile

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439 - شناسایی استراتژی‌های توسعه‌ی پایدار محصول برنج استان گیلان با استفاده از ماتریس SWOT
محسن شفیعیان اصطهباناتی مهدی همایونفر مهدی فدایی

توسعه پایدار یکی از مهم‌ترین مسائلی است که می‌تواند از جنبه‌های مختلف و در زمینه‌های مختلف از جمله کشاورزی پایدار مورد بررسی قرارگیرد. این تحقیق در رابطه با شناسایی مهم‌ترین استراتژی‌های توسعه‌ی پایدار محصول برنج به عنوان مهم‌ترین محصول کشاورزی استان گیلان با استفاده از More

توسعه پایدار یکی از مهم‌ترین مسائلی است که می‌تواند از جنبه‌های مختلف و در زمینه‌های مختلف از جمله کشاورزی پایدار مورد بررسی قرارگیرد. این تحقیق در رابطه با شناسایی مهم‌ترین استراتژی‌های توسعه‌ی پایدار محصول برنج به عنوان مهم‌ترین محصول کشاورزی استان گیلان با استفاده از ماتریس SWOT می‌باشد. بدین منظور، ابتدا با مطالعه‌ی ادبیات پژوهش عوامل داخلی (نقاط قوت و ضعف) و خارجی (فرصت‌ها و تهدادها) تأثیرگذار بر توسعه‌ی محصول برنج شناسایی شدند. سپس، پرسشنامه‌ای شامل فهرستی از نقاط قوت و ضعف، فرصت‌ها و تهدیدهای پیش‌روی محصول برنج با استفاده از شاخص‌های بهدست آمده از مرور ادبیات و همچنین نظرات خبرگان تنظیم شد. در ادامه از خبرگان خواسته شد تا با استفاده از طیف لیکرت (پنج سطحی) نسبت به وزن‌دهی عوامل نهایی تأیید شده، مبادرت ورزند. در ادامه با محاسبه مجموع امتیازات، میانگین وزن‌ها و نهایتاً ضریب وزنی، اهمیت هر کدام از عوامل مشخص گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد، مجموع امتیاز وزن‌دار محصول برنج استان گیلان در ماتریس عوامل خارجی برابر با 14/2 و در ماتریس عوامل داخلی 24/2 می باشد، که این امتیازات نشانگر شرایط نه چندان مطلوب محصول برنج از نظر عوامل داخلی و خارجی در استان گیلان می‌باشد. در آخر نیز جهت کاهش یا دفع نقاط ضعف و تهدیدها و نیز بهبود و تقویت نقاط قوت و فرصتهای پیش‌روی محصول برنج استان گیلان، استراتژی‌های مناسبی جهت توسعه‌ی پایدار این محصول ارائه گردید. Manuscript profile

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440 - استراتژیهای بازاریابی محصولات ارگانیک در ایران
محمود محمدیان محمدعلی داداشی

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441 - طراحی استراتژی های بازاریابی محصول کیوی جهت ورود به بازارهای بین المللی به روش گراندد تئوری و روش SWOT(مطالعه موردی: شرکت امین کاسپین شمال)
مهدیه مددخواه ابراهیم چیرانی مریم اوشک سرایی

با توجه به حمایت دولت از صادرات غیرنفتی و اهمیت کشت و اشتغالزایی کیوی در استان های شمالی کشور از یک طرف و محدودیت در نحوه توزیع و همچنین رقابت کشورهای تولید کننده در بازارهای جهانی لازم است میزان آمادگی شرکت امین کاسپین شمال در صادرات کیوی برای ورود به بازار جهانی و عوا More

با توجه به حمایت دولت از صادرات غیرنفتی و اهمیت کشت و اشتغالزایی کیوی در استان های شمالی کشور از یک طرف و محدودیت در نحوه توزیع و همچنین رقابت کشورهای تولید کننده در بازارهای جهانی لازم است میزان آمادگی شرکت امین کاسپین شمال در صادرات کیوی برای ورود به بازار جهانی و عوامل موثر بر آن مورد بررسی قرار گیرد.روش این تحقیق توصیفی که بر مبنای فرآیند مطالعات استراتژیک انجام شد و به لحاظ هدف کاربردی و دارای رویکرد کیفی بوده و از روش گراندد تئوری و ماتریس swot جهت طراحی استراتژی استفاده شده است. براساس یافته های پژوهش و پس از تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات نتیجه ماتریس ارزیابی عوامل داخلی عدد 2.08 و نتیجه ماتریس ارزیابی عوامل خارجی عدد2.24 محاسبه و تعیین شد و موقعیت استراتژیک شرکت امین کاسپین شمال در وضعیت تدافعی قرار گرفت. Manuscript profile

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442 - طراحی الگوی استراتژی های نوین بازاریابی محصولات جدید لبنی در ایران
مریم کاظمی ایمن آبادی محمد طالقانی نرگس دل افروز

صنعت لبنیات سهم عمده ای در ارزش افزوده و اشتغال بخش کشاورزی دارد. محصولات این صنعت با تامین ارزان ترین منابع پروتئینی کشور، سهم قابل توجهی در سبد مصرفی خانوار ایرانی دارا می باشد. به دلیل اهمیت این صنعت، دولت با اتخاذ سیاست های مختلف و اثرگذاری بر مولفه های بازار لبنیات More

صنعت لبنیات سهم عمده ای در ارزش افزوده و اشتغال بخش کشاورزی دارد. محصولات این صنعت با تامین ارزان ترین منابع پروتئینی کشور، سهم قابل توجهی در سبد مصرفی خانوار ایرانی دارا می باشد. به دلیل اهمیت این صنعت، دولت با اتخاذ سیاست های مختلف و اثرگذاری بر مولفه های بازار لبنیات به ویژه شیر، به حمایت از تولید کنندگان و مصرف کنندگان این صنعت پرداخته است. اهداف این پژوهش شناسایی رابطه میان چرخه حیات محصول(بازار محصول در مرحله رشد و بلوغ) با استراتژی های نوآوری(گرایش به بازار و گرایش به یادگیری سازمانی) و استراتژی های بازاریابی(خلق و توسعه محصول جدید) می باشد. این تحقیق طی فروردین ماه الی شهریور ماه سال 97 در سطح شرکت بازارگستر پگاه منطقه یک کشور شامل استان های گیلان، آذربایجان شرقی، آذربایجان غربی، قزوین، زنجان و اردبیل به عنوان یکی از مناطق پنجگانه شرکت صنایع شیر ایران(پگاه) صورت پذیرفت.روش تحقیق پژوهش برحسب هدف از نوع کاربردی، بر‌حسب نحوه گردآوری داده‌ها از نوع پژوهش های میدانی و ابزار پرسشنامه محقق ساخته است. پژوهش حاضر از نظر روشاجرا از نوع پژوهش های توصیفی از شاخه همبستگی می‌باشد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد که تمامی فرضیه های این پژوهش تایید و رابطه بین متغیرها معنی دار و مثبت بوده است. Manuscript profile

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443 - Identifying and Ranking Marketing Strategies to Develop Iran's Leather Market: The Case of Maral Leather Company
Hafez Mahfoozi Nilofar ImanKhah

Abstract The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the marketing strategy with the approach of development, market, leather, Iran in Maral Leather Company.The present study method was of mixed type of quantitative and qualitative type. Using the snowball method More

Abstract The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the marketing strategy with the approach of development, market, leather, Iran in Maral Leather Company.The present study method was of mixed type of quantitative and qualitative type. Using the snowball method, 10 people were estimated as the final sample and were interviewed in depth.At the same time, the statistical population included managers, .In this stage, 10 people were selected as the final sample using the purposeful sampling method and answered the prepared questionnaire.Analysis of research data was performed in qualitative stage using open, axial and selective coding and in a small stage using SPSS software and using Friedman test.The results of this study: Induction was the most important criteria of segmentation strategy on product market development in Iranian leather industry, including managers' attention to strategic beliefs, the most important criteria of targeting strategy include how to exploit new and innovative markets and the most important criteria of positioning strategy It has been an industry.Also, according to the results of Friedman test in prioritizing the criteria of targeting strategy, targeting, positioning and segmentation in the Iranian leather market, are: attention, Iranian leather industry and exporters union to the appropriate strategy, identifying the position and personality of strategic resources and the need for strategic resources. Manuscript profile

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444 - راهبردهای کارآفرینانه افزایش مزیت رقابتی گیاهان دارویی در استان ایلام
محمد جاسمی همایون مرادنژادی محمد سلاورزی

جستجوی راههای جدید جهت رقابت در بازارهای رقابتی جوهرهی اصلی تفکر استراتژیک و استراتژی بازاریابی است. این موضوع همواره مورد توجه صاحبنظران و اندیشمندان علم اقتصاد بوده و در دهههای اخیر مورد توجه اندیشمندان مدیریت قرار گرفته است. در این راستا، پژوهش حا More

جستجوی راههای جدید جهت رقابت در بازارهای رقابتی جوهرهی اصلی تفکر استراتژیک و استراتژی بازاریابی است. این موضوع همواره مورد توجه صاحبنظران و اندیشمندان علم اقتصاد بوده و در دهههای اخیر مورد توجه اندیشمندان مدیریت قرار گرفته است. در این راستا، پژوهش حاضر به واکاوی راهبردهای کارآفرینانه افزایش مزیت رقابتی گیاهان دارویی استان ایلام میپردازد.این پژوهش، به لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از نظر پارادایم، جز تحقیقات ترکیبی (کیفی – کمی) میباشد. در قسمت کیفی از روش دلفی و در قسمت کمّی از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی استفاده شده است و جامعه آماری آن در بخش کیفی صاحبنظران حوزه بازاریابی، کارآفرینی و گیاهان دارویی در استان ایلام بودند که با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری هدفمند تعداد 12 نفر انتخاب شدند و در بخش کمّی هم صاحبنظران حوزه گیاهان دارویی بودند که تعداد 33 نفر شناسایی شد که مورد تمامشماریقرار گرفتند. دادههای مورد نیاز با استفاده از پرسشنامه مقایسه زوجیگردآوریشد و با استفاده از نرم افزار Expert Choice11 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.نتایج نشان داد، از میان معیارهای بررسی شده (تمایز، کاهش هرینه، تمرکز بر مشتری و بازار، نوآوری و ریسکپذیری) ، استراتژی تمایزبیشترین نقش را در به مزیت رساندن گیاهاندارویی استان ایلام دارد. Manuscript profile

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445 - Investigating the Role of Strategic Management in Grow and learn the organization
Morteza Dinpanah tooraj sadeghi

The main purpose of this research is to assess and examine the role of strategic management in the growth and learning of organization in the engineering management department of Khorasan Razavi Gas Company. The research hypotheses include a main hypothesis and five sub More

The main purpose of this research is to assess and examine the role of strategic management in the growth and learning of organization in the engineering management department of Khorasan Razavi Gas Company. The research hypotheses include a main hypothesis and five sub-hypotheses. The present study is applied from the purpose perspective and from the perspective of data collection method is a descriptive correlation study which is analyzed based on the covariance matrix. The research population consists of all managers, consultants and employees of engineering management departments of Gas Company of Khorasan Razavi province which are 215 people based on the statistics. 138 of them were selected by random sampling method. The instrument used was a questionnaire which was distributed in two stages and its validity and reliability were determined. For Statistical analysis of collected data, SPSS and Smart PLS software were used. Considering the descriptive statistics and the results obtained from the output of Smart PLS software, these results can be obtained. In the examination of the questions of the present study, five paths were investigated, each of the five paths have a positive effect; But in terms of assumptions prove three hypotheses have been ver ified and accepted two hypotheses are not significant Manuscript profile

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446 - Identification & Analysis of Factors Influencing Educational Strategies Case Study: National Iranian Petrochemical Company
Saeed Hadavand

This research seeks to identify and analyze the factors that may influence educational strategy National Iranian Petrochemical Company. It is an applied research which uses descriptive- correlation method. Study on the strategy and human resources of the organization as More

This research seeks to identify and analyze the factors that may influence educational strategy National Iranian Petrochemical Company. It is an applied research which uses descriptive- correlation method. Study on the strategy and human resources of the organization as well as having conducted interviews with directors and professionals allowed us to identify eight factors: ‘management, structure, culture, environmental factors, human resources, strategic program, organizational resources and change management’. This finding helped us make questionnaires in order to verify results. Cronbach alpha was used to test reliability it turned out to be 0.86 which is satisfactory. Our statistical population was formed by 146 directors and experts working for Center for Studies and Strategic Planning, specifically in such units as Research and Development, Transactions & Marketing, Quality, Human Resources, Production & Technical Services. Since the number was not beyond control, the questionnaires were distributed among essentially all members of the statistical population. SPSS win 18 was used to analysis data. For this purpose, exploratory factor analysis method was used as a both multivariate and dependent method. Results indicate that the above-mentioned eight factors being identified by this study account for nearly 88 percent of all influences that may be exerted on the organization’s educational strategies. This persuades us that these factors have a remarkable effect in the said strategy. Manuscript profile

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447 - The Role of Talent Management in Effective Strategy Implementation
Mohammad Hassan Morshedi Tonekaboni

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to study the role of talent management in effective strategy implementation. Method: The statistical population that was able to answer the questionnaires related to the subject was 420 employees of Ilam University. Using Kerjcie More

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to study the role of talent management in effective strategy implementation. Method: The statistical population that was able to answer the questionnaires related to the subject was 420 employees of Ilam University. Using Kerjcie and Morgan tables, 201 people were selected as a statistical sample by simple random sampling. The purpose of this research is applied and in terms of collecting data, it is descriptive-survey. Data gathering tool includes two talent management questionnaires (Cheraghi, 2015) and effective strategy implementation (Talebzadeh, 2011). Content validity was used to determine the validity of the questionnaires and to confirm the reliability of the questionnaire, the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method, which was 0.887 and 0.910, respectively. To analyze the obtained data, structural equation method was used using Lisrel statistical software. Findings: Findings show that there is a significant relationship between talent management and effective implementation of the strategy. So, expectation of performance with coefficient of effect is 0.74, expectation of effort with coefficient of influence 0.77, social effects with coefficient of effect of 0.70 and facilitating conditions with coefficient of influence of 0.48 in effective implementation of the strategy has a significant effect. Conclusion: Organizational managers can, through talent management, provide the groundwork for better organization of the organization's strategies and help the staff to achieve the goals of the organization. Manuscript profile

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448 - Bankruptcy Forecasting Using of Workforce Agile in the Organization
Vahid Bekhradi Nasab

Agility is an unknown phenomenon that is less empirically investigated in previous researches. Agility means the reduction in the workforce by management, which can be considered as a cost leadership strategy. Human resource changes in the company, lower staff costs and More

Agility is an unknown phenomenon that is less empirically investigated in previous researches. Agility means the reduction in the workforce by management, which can be considered as a cost leadership strategy. Human resource changes in the company, lower staff costs and personnel salary are the results of agility which in times of crisis is a competitive advantage for the company. According to the game theory, adopting a strategy of cost leadership by managers reduces the risk of bankruptcy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of agility on the probability of bankruptcy. The population of this research is all companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange from 2011 to 2016, and the sample size based on the systematic elimination method is 175 companies. The multiple regression analysis is used to test the research hypothesis. The results of the study show that managers, by adopting cost leadership strategies and agility policies, significantly reduce the likelihood of bankruptcy. Manuscript profile

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449 - Identifying and prioritizing the dimensions and components of training and development of Knowledge-based human resources training and development strategy in the banking industry in the digital age (case study: Bank Mellat)
fereshteh eftekharnejad Majid Jahangirfard ali mehdizadeh ashrafi torag mojibi

With rapid environmental change, the emergence and complexity of new jobs and tasks, and competition in today's rapidly changing business environment to meet customer needs, the role of education and change in knowledge, skills, abilities and behavior of staff is tangib More

With rapid environmental change, the emergence and complexity of new jobs and tasks, and competition in today's rapidly changing business environment to meet customer needs, the role of education and change in knowledge, skills, abilities and behavior of staff is tangible. Implementation of training and development of human resources causes people to be able to effectively continue their activities in accordance with organizational and environmental changes and increase their efficiency.The present study aimed to identify and explain the components and indicators of training and development of Knowledge-based human resources training and development strategy in the banking industry in the public sector. First, using theoretical literature the components of training and development strategy and knowledge management were extracted extracted, and in the next part, through Delphi method and interviews with 15 human resource management experts in Bank Mellat, using a semi-structured questionnaire , components and indicators of Knowledge-based staffing strategy were determined. After designing the pairwise comparison questionnaire, the opinions of human resources experts were collected and the components and indicators were weighted and ranked. According to the research findings, To successfully implement knowledge management in the training and development strategy in the field of human resources must be in five areas : Determining educational needs, determining the goals of education and human resource development, determining the content of courses, applying the principles and foundations of learning,Implementation and evaluation ;paid attention to a total of 24 indicators in the fields of structure, value and behavior in knowledge management. Manuscript profile

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450 - Investigating the factors facilitating knowledge sharing in the Water and Sewerage Organization of Sistan and Baluchestan Province
Vahid Pourshahabi Mahboubeh Bakhshi

10.30495/msds.2022.1935580.1008

The products and services produced by organizations depend on how they are combined and used, which is a function of the company's knowledge. Therefore, today, the ability to manage knowledge is vital for organizations, and knowledge creation and sharing have become imp More

The products and services produced by organizations depend on how they are combined and used, which is a function of the company's knowledge. Therefore, today, the ability to manage knowledge is vital for organizations, and knowledge creation and sharing have become important competitive factors. Therefore, recognizing the factors that facilitate the implementation and sharing of knowledge, as well as applying these factors, can be a blueprint and guide for better management. In this study, the factors facilitating knowledge sharing in the Water and Sewerage Organization of Sistan and Baluchestan Province have been studied using the variables of information technology, strategy, structure, and organizational culture. This research is survey research in terms of practical purpose and method. The statistical population of the study is the staff of Sistan and Baluchestan Water and Sewerage Organization and the number of sample members is 92 people who were selected by the available sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Data analysis was performed by a one-sample t-test with SPSS 19 software and structural equations with Lisrel 8.5 software. Based on the results, the four factors studied include the variables of information technology, strategy, organizational structure and culture, factors that facilitate knowledge sharing in the organization under study. Manuscript profile

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451 - Investigating the Impact of Organizational Strategy on Life Insurance Demand (Case study: Bushehr insurance companies)
azimeh hamidian Esmaeil Kamalirad

10.30495/msds.2022.1948130.1025

Life insurance, like other insurances, is the answer to the worries and anxieties of the people of a society. The insurer's concern stems from unexpected events such as disability and death, or from changes in the family's income and economic conditions. In this type of More

Life insurance, like other insurances, is the answer to the worries and anxieties of the people of a society. The insurer's concern stems from unexpected events such as disability and death, or from changes in the family's income and economic conditions. In this type of insurance, the insurer can, depending on the condition of receiving the insurance benefits of the insurance (life or death of the insured), how to receive the benefits (lump sum or as a pension), the time of receiving the benefits and paying the premium, any insurance policy that answer his needs, buy. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organizational strategy on life insurance demand in insurance companies in Bushehr province. In this study, research variables were evaluated by a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among 136 sample people from the statistical population, which is all managers and experts of insurance companies in Bushehr province. The research method was descriptive-correlational. To answer the questions and test the research hypotheses with Smart-PLS software, the method of studying structural equations and path analysis using the partial least squares (PLS) method was used. The results indicate that all three organizational strategies (market penetration strategy, development strategy and product development strategy) have a significant effect on life insurance demand in insurance companies in Bushehr province. The results also showed that the product development strategy has the greatest impact on life insurance demand in insurance companies in Bushehr province. Manuscript profile

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452 - Strategies and Consequences of Acquiring Sports Seats in International Forums and its Effects on the Development of Surrounding Areas
Elham Gorji Lora Chapari Zahra Hezhabrnia

10.30495/msds.2023.1999626.1173

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the strategies and consequences of acquiring sports seats in international forums. The method of the current research has an exploratory-fundamental nature and a qualitative approach with a data base strategy More

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the strategies and consequences of acquiring sports seats in international forums. The method of the current research has an exploratory-fundamental nature and a qualitative approach with a data base strategy has been used. The tool used was a semi-structured interview that used the opinions of 10 specialists and experts of the country. Purposeful sampling method was used for sampling. The statistical research method for data analysis is the method of coding with the help of frequency analysis, and to perform the mentioned analyzes with the help of MAXQDA 2020 software, which is special for coding in qualitative method, the codes were categorized and a conceptual model was also presented. The results showed that the strategic conditions are equal to 6 components (allocation of budget and foreign currency credits, appointment of competent managers, continuation and maintenance of seat holders with federations of other countries, role of the media, acquisition of international seats and increasing the development of interaction and communication with international sports organizations ) and the consequent conditions are equal to 6 components (development of political diplomacy with other countries, retention of seat holders, development of cultural relations, creation of memorandum and exchange, provision of presence of women to obtain seat and participation and membership in international forums). Iran's sports has not been without its share of international seats and holding the most important ones, but recklessness, selfish and selfish actions and even strange mistakes have caused their gradual loss. Manuscript profile

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453 - Qualitative Modeling of Human Capital Strategies in Sepeh Bank of Iran with an Emphasis on Organizational Structure Change
Shahriyar Emamdoust Harehdasht Musa Rezvani Chaman Zamin Morteza Hazrati

This research has been done to design the model of human capital strategies in Sepeh Bank of Iran, emphasizing changing the organizational structure. The research method is qualitative, and the data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. The statistical populat More

This research has been done to design the model of human capital strategies in Sepeh Bank of Iran, emphasizing changing the organizational structure. The research method is qualitative, and the data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. The statistical population of the current research is 543 people, provincial managers, district affairs management, human capital management, Sepeh Bank managers, and public administration faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Gilan province. The research participants, with the purposeful sampling method, are 22 people, including 15 managers at different levels of Sepeh Bank and 7 university professors. The interview and data collection process were stopped when the data collection reached saturation. The data collection method was a semi-structured interview. The content analysis method was used to analyze the data, and open, central, and selective coding of the interviews was done with the Max Kyuda 2020 software. The findings of the research indicated that for the qualitative design of the human capital strategies model in Sepeh Bank of Iran, with an emphasis on changing the structure, in the education and development subsystem, to the educational needs, educational effectiveness, and career advancement path, in the reward and compensation subsystem, the strategy And the policy of payment and welfare plans, innovative methods of reward and reward for service and organizational targeted reward, and in the subsystem of employee relations, special attention should be paid to the strategy of employee relations, interaction and participation of employees and the optimal design of structural change. Manuscript profile

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454 - Mahalanobis-Taguchi System-based criteria selection for strategy formulation: a case in a training institution
Seyed Ali Hadighi Navid Sahebjamnia Iraj Mahdavi Hadi Asadollahpour Hosna Shafieian

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455 - Nash equilibrium strategy in the deregulated power industry and comparing its lost welfare with Iran wholesale electricity market
Seyed Hosein Mousavi Ali Nazemi Ashkan Hafezalkotob

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456 - Using and comparing metaheuristic algorithms for optimizing bidding strategy viewpoint of profit maximization of generators
Seyed Hosein Mousavi Ali Nazemi Ashkan Hafezalkotob

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457 - Assessment of distance-based multi-attribute group decision-making methods from a maintenance strategy perspective
Siew-Hong Ding Shahrul Kamaruddin

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458 - Development of an evolutionary fuzzy expert system for estimating future behavior of stock price
Azam Goodarzi Amirhossein Amiri Shervin Asadzadeh Farhad Mehmanpazir Shahrokh Asadi

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459 - Evaluating quantitative stock selection strategies in Tehran Stock Exchange
A.M Kimiagari S Amini

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460 - Ensemble strategies to build neural network to facilitate decision making
P Hanafizadeh E Salahi Parvin P Asadolahi N Gholami

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461 - Policy options for value added to different levels of production
C.O Anyaeche

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462 - The Role Of Knowledge Management In The Strategy Of The Higher Education Environment (A Case Study Of Payam Noor Bushehr Universities)
saeed ghaffari masood bakhtiari shaesteh molazadeh rodbarian

Objectives: The aim of this research is to investigate the role of knowledge management in the strategy of higher education environment (case study of Payam Nour Bushehr universities).Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical i More

Objectives: The aim of this research is to investigate the role of knowledge management in the strategy of higher education environment (case study of Payam Nour Bushehr universities).Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method with a survey approach. The statistical population includes 167 employees and managers of Payam Noor universities in Bushehr province. Data collection was based on standard questionnaires and descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used in data analysis. The extracted data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and then entered into LISREL software for analysis. Data analysis was done by Pearson's correlation coefficient test and regression analysis.Results: The findings of the research showed that knowledge management with the mediating role of organizational culture has an effect on the strategy of the higher education environment of Payam Noor Bushehr Universities, and knowledge management with the mediating role of technology has an effect on the strategy of the higher education environment of Payam Noor Bushehr Universities.Conclusion: Another result of this research is that knowledge management with the mediating role of performance management has a significant impact on the strategy of the higher education environment of Payam Noor Bushehr Universities. Manuscript profile

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463 - Modeling the androgen deprivation therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and identifying the responder and non-responder patients before starting the treatment
Mahdi Sohrabi-Haghighat Atefeh Deris

10.30495/jdb.2021.680722

Androgen deprivation therapy is a common treatment method of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer disease aimed at slowing down the cancer cells growth by reducing the concentration of androgen in the blood. However, only some patients respond to the androgen More

Androgen deprivation therapy is a common treatment method of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer disease aimed at slowing down the cancer cells growth by reducing the concentration of androgen in the blood. However, only some patients respond to the androgen deprivation therapy effectively. In the other patients, the population of cancer cells reduce temporarily, and the cancer recurrence will be observed shortly after the treatment. In this paper, the response mechanism of cancer cells to the androgen deprivation therapy is analyzed by modeling the treatment based on the evolutionary dynamic which is fully supported by clinical observations. The study determines the group of patients on whom the androgen deprivation therapy is effective and the group on whom it is ineffective or even harmful. In the following, by simulating the treatment process under different schedules of abiraterone administration, the results of different treatment methods will be determined and appropriate schedules are discussed. Manuscript profile

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464 - Third Millennium US Military Strategies in the Persian Gulf Region and National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Ali Asghar Ghafari Charati Hassan Khodaverdi گارینه کشیشیان سیرکی

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465 - China’s Maritime Interest and the Great Game at Seas
Peu Ghosh

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466 - The Impact of Structure and Agent on Iran's Foreign Policy during the Second Pahlavi Era
Tahmineh Johar Mohammadreza Dehshiri Abdolamir Nabavi

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467 - Israeli-Arab Relations; from Dream to Reality
Samira Zarghami Khosravi Mehdi Zakerian Amiri Kayhan Barzegar Ali Asghar Kazemi Zand

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468 - China's political-economic Relations with Iran and its Influence on Iran's Oil Production and Export from Ahmadinejad's period to the end of Rouhani's Presidency
Jamshid Rezaei Mirghaed Rohollah Shahabi Fereydoon Akbarzadeh

The expansion of economic relations in the shadow of diplomatic relations is considered one of the most important approaches to the development of political systems. This issue is especially important for developing countries so that they can implement an important part More

The expansion of economic relations in the shadow of diplomatic relations is considered one of the most important approaches to the development of political systems. This issue is especially important for developing countries so that they can implement an important part of their development-oriented policies by insisting on expanding economic relations with international economic powers. The important issue is that the Islamic Republic of Iran has faced deep challenges in achieving its economic development goals, many times, due to the sanctions policies of the United States. This problem becomes more realistic when the economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran is basically uniaxial and based on oil exports. Today, investment is called as the engine of economic growth and since investment leads to the creation of employment, economic growth, social welfare and income for the country and has a significant impact on components such as bargaining, international prestige and dealing with threats. Therefore, Iran's acceptance of China's investment as a superpower in the economic market and its oil strategies, in addition to securing the interests of both countries, will include the realization of the vision of the oil industry and the breaking of American sanctions against Iran. ; Therefore, from the point of view of Iranian politicians, the policy of looking to the East and attracting foreign investment and specifically strengthening political and economic relations with China is a correct strategic policy, which in addition to breaking the sanctions, can lead to internationalization and extensive interaction with the world, especially the countries The Eastern Bloc fought against it with the aim of preventing the United States from building a consensus in the international system and accompanying other international powers. Manuscript profile

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469 - Jihad Explained; A preventative strategy against forced thinking caused by Haarp technology
mehdi omani Jamal Beigi babak poorgahremani

Forced thinking is a new tool for capturing the human mind by Haarp technology. The owners of this technology have done this in order to achieve their interests and by changing the thinking and beliefs of nations, they are trying to destroy that nation, which in the pop More

Forced thinking is a new tool for capturing the human mind by Haarp technology. The owners of this technology have done this in order to achieve their interests and by changing the thinking and beliefs of nations, they are trying to destroy that nation, which in the popular sense is the hostage of thoughts. The only way to deal with this dangerous phenomenon is "explanation jihad", which the Supreme Leader has emphasized in recent months. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the explanation jihad as a preventive strategy against the phenomenon of forced thinking created by Harp technology. The research method is descriptive and analytical and the data collection is library and filing. The research method is qualitative and the research findings indicate that the need to express the truth, persuasion, identifying the enemy front and position, the phenomenon of repetition, brainstorming and finally the continuation of explanation as components of jihad explanation in the prevention of forced thinking They are very useful. Manuscript profile

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470 - Investigate the effected factors on the knowledge management maturity in Art and Cultural Organization of Tehran Municipality
Ali AliMohammadi Abdolreza Sobhani Alireza Ebrahimpour Bahram Alishiri

The aim of the current applied, descriptive and correlational study was to investigate the effected factors on the the knowledge management maturity in Art and Cultural Organization of Tehran Municipality. The research population comprised 2500 employees in Art and Cult More

The aim of the current applied, descriptive and correlational study was to investigate the effected factors on the the knowledge management maturity in Art and Cultural Organization of Tehran Municipality. The research population comprised 2500 employees in Art and Cultural Organization of Tehran Municipality out of whom a sample 384 was randomly selected, based on Morgan Table, to participate in the study. The research data were collected using a researcher-made five-point level Likert scale questionnaire comprising 5 factors and 25 items tapping the participants’ responses were. Therefore, 400 questionnaires were distributed among members of the target population. Having distributed and collected the questionnaires, we analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Descriptively, features like absolute and relative frequency, mean, standard deviation and variance of background and main variables were estimated. Inferentially, correlational tests, multiple regression and F-Test used indicated that human resource empowerment, knowledge-based organization, implementation of knowledge management strategy, redesigning the reward system, and redesigning the structure had a significant effect on the knowledge management maturity in Art and Cultural Organization of Tehran Municipality. Manuscript profile

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471 - Identifying and ranking the challenges of improving the effectiveness of sports teaching methods in schools of Kermanshah province and providing a desirable pattern
ayob ameri razieye dastgheyb سمیه نادری شهاب بهرامی

The purpose of this study was to identify and rank the strategies for improving the effectiveness of Sports teaching methods in Kermanshah schools and providing a desirable pattern. The present research is in terms of purpose is Practical, and In terms of data collectio More

The purpose of this study was to identify and rank the strategies for improving the effectiveness of Sports teaching methods in Kermanshah schools and providing a desirable pattern. The present research is in terms of purpose is Practical, and In terms of data collection method is Descriptive-survey. In the first part (qualitative) for conducting field interviews, the statistical community of the study was the outstanding professors of the field of sport management specializing in the field of sport schools as well as elite sports teachers who were selected purposefully for qualitative interviews on the subject of research (13 interviews With 13 people and continued to theoretical saturation). In the second part (quantitatively), after collecting the information from the qualitative research, a questionnaire was developed and the questionnaire (22 items in the form of three educational strategies, individual strategy and organizational strategy) was distributed among the sport teachers of Kermanshah province. elongation and skidding indices In order to investigate the distribution of data (natural or abnormal), to investigate and answer research questions, designing a model for measuring and structural modeling of SPSS software version 24, Smart PLS 2.0 and software Max QDA Pro version were used. Given the T-Value values (greater than 2.58), it was found that at the 0.99 level, showed that each of the educational, individual and organizational strategies is one of the strategies for improving the effectiveness of the teaching method in the schools of Kermanshah province. It was also determined that educational, individual and organizational solutions, respectively, are one of the most important strategies for improving the effectiveness of teaching methods in Kermanshah schools.  Manuscript profile

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472 - fffInvestigation of sports strategies and executive plans of the country (Case study; Iranian Sailing Federation)
علیرضا سهرابیان مقدم رضا صابونچی عباس شعبانی

 AbstractEvery organization today needs a map through which it can mark where it wants to go and show how to get there. The purpose of this study was to review the strategies and executive plans of sports in the country's sailing federation. The research was a desc More

 AbstractEvery organization today needs a map through which it can mark where it wants to go and show how to get there. The purpose of this study was to review the strategies and executive plans of sports in the country's sailing federation. The research was a descriptive-analytical research from the perspective of applied purpose and is in the field of strategic studies which was conducted as a case study. The statistical population of the study includes the president, vice president and former and current secretaries of the Sailing Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran, all heads and secretaries of the provincial sailing boards. The sampling method was 369 people. In the research method, to determine the perspectives of the balanced scorecard, the researchers, after gathering the required information, used them existing literature, books and publications from the point of view of the members of the steering council. Based on the research findings, revenue generation strategies, marketing and diversification of the federation's financial resources in financial terms, advertising, promotion and use of media capacity in customer perspective, development of staff participation and research and planning expansion The design of an integrated system of sporting events at the provincial level, in terms of internal strategies, consolidation and strengthening of the volunteer movement, was arranged in terms of learning and growth.  Manuscript profile

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473 - Compilation of hosting strategies for World Armies Sports Competitions (CISM) in the Islamic Republic of Iran
HAMID OMIDI , Farideh Ashraf Ganjouei, Esmaili, Mohammad Reza

The purpose of this study was to Compilation of hosting strategies for World Armies Sports Competitions (CISM) in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was qualitative. This research is descriptive and is in the field of strategic studies. The statistical po More

The purpose of this study was to Compilation of hosting strategies for World Armies Sports Competitions (CISM) in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was qualitative. This research is descriptive and is in the field of strategic studies. The statistical population of the study included all individuals active in physical training of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and active specialists in physical training of AJA, as well as athletes and coaches who had a history of participating in seismic competitions. The statistical sample was purposefully selected from the community and continued until the theoretical saturation of the interview (12 open interviews). The tools used in this study were interviews and discussions with elites, library studies. To achieve the objectives of the research using the Delphi method, a list of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of hosting and hosting World Army competitions in Iran was prepared and finalized in three stages with the opinion of experts. The results of this study showed that the strategic position of the country in hosting seismic competitions was in a so or competitive situation. Also, 9 general strategies in the field of seismic hosting in the country were developed by the Strategic Research Council. Manuscript profile

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474 - Compilation of the vision and strategic map of the automobile racing and motorcycling federation with a balanced scorecard approach
Azizollah Iravanjam, Seyed Ehsan Amir Hosseini Mehrzad Hamidi

The aim of the research was to develop a strategic plan and map of the Federation of Automobile Racing and Motorcycling with a balanced scorecard approach. The research method was descriptive and carried out in the form of strategic studies. This research is practical i More

The aim of the research was to develop a strategic plan and map of the Federation of Automobile Racing and Motorcycling with a balanced scorecard approach. The research method was descriptive and carried out in the form of strategic studies. This research is practical in terms of its purpose and the research data was collected by survey method and quantitatively and qualitatively. The statistical population in the qualitative section included 18 experts in motor racing and motorcycling, and the statistical population in the quantitative section included managers of the motor racing and motorcycling federation and provincial boards, club managers and national team coaches, equal to 75 people. Due to the limited number of members, the statistical population was equal to the sample. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. For data analysis, frequency percentage and chi-square were used in the quantitative part, and experts' opinions, logical induction method and strategic council meetings were used in the qualitative part. The findings showed that the automobile racing and motorcycling federation has four perspectives of finance and development, customer, internal processes and learning and growth, and 42 strategic goals. It can be concluded that the realization of goals such as the increase of professional and talented trainers and the increase of scientific conferences as well as cultural and moral development, the achievement of goals such as the increase of motorcycling and car racing incomes, the maximum participation of the private sector, will facilitate the increase and continuity of positions and honors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

475 - Exploring the Effective Factors on the Success of Management and Accounting Faculty of Shahid Beheshti University aimed at Providing Efficient Strategies Authors
M. Shojaie F. Razeghi M. Kamalian

Universities have always had a critical role in different societies since they contribute to scientific development of societies as well as to the increase in the level of people’s social, cultural, and political consciousness. Today, higher education is no long More

Universities have always had a critical role in different societies since they contribute to scientific development of societies as well as to the increase in the level of people’s social, cultural, and political consciousness. Today, higher education is no longer a luxury, but is a necessity for all the people. Everyone who intends to study at university looks for a high ranking university with research and welfare possibilities. The role of university is so vital that most countries are known mainly because of their reputable universities, so in this scientific and competitive world, universities are to aim at improving their structural and research quality levels to attract talented students and prominent lecturers who can make a better position for them. Since Shahid Beheshti has been one of the best and most valid universities in Iran over the past 50 years, the main aim of this is to present a case study on The Faculty of Management and Accounting in Shahid Beheshti University to provide some efficient strategies using SWOT matrix, EFE and IFE in light of its strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats so as to suggest some ways for the improvement in its quality of education to help it keep its position in this challenging world. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

476 - Study of Relationship between Environment, Marketing Strategy and Performance in Food Industries
Seyaed HamidrezaRezaei Nikoo Nader Gharibnavaz

This study aimed to assess relationship between environment, marketing strategy andperformance at business level in food industries. Thus, the method of this survey is a descriptiveone that follows a practical objective. This research contains 2 main assumptions and 9su More

This study aimed to assess relationship between environment, marketing strategy andperformance at business level in food industries. Thus, the method of this survey is a descriptiveone that follows a practical objective. This research contains 2 main assumptions and 9subsidiary assumptions. The target subjects of this research are managers, sales supervisors andsales professionals in the food industry. According to Cochran formula the sample size is 384.Questionnaire was used to collect data. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used as normality testand Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. Data analysis wasdone by LISREL software. After analyzing the data, all hypotheses were accepted. According tothe result, attractiveness of the market, competitive position and aggressiveness, defensivenessand differentiation strategies had the most impact on performance Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

477 - امکان سنجی آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی از دیدگاه معلمان و دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی
رضیه بهروزیان ناصر غفوری سعیده آهنگری

10.30495/ttlt.2023.705133

پژوهش حاضر سعی در بررسی ادراکات معلمان و دانش‌آموزان از امکان آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی (CSs) در بین زبان‌آموزان پیش متوسطه انگلیسی به‌عنوان یک زبان خارجی دارد. مروری بر ادبیات مرتبط نشان می‌دهد که آموزش‌پذیری CSs منبع بحث و جدل در میان محققان مختلف بوده است. شرکت کنندگان More

پژوهش حاضر سعی در بررسی ادراکات معلمان و دانش‌آموزان از امکان آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی (CSs) در بین زبان‌آموزان پیش متوسطه انگلیسی به‌عنوان یک زبان خارجی دارد. مروری بر ادبیات مرتبط نشان می‌دهد که آموزش‌پذیری CSs منبع بحث و جدل در میان محققان مختلف بوده است. شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش 20 معلم زبان انگلیسی و 110 دانشجوی آنها از سه دانشگاه و یک موسسه خصوصی در تبریز بودند. در این مطالعه ترکیبی از سه ابزار تحقیق برای جمع آوری داده ها استفاده شد: آزمون مهارت زبان، پرسشنامه اصلاح شده و مصاحبه ساختاریافته. مرحله کمی شامل اجرای پرسشنامه CSs در ابتدا و انتهای دوره و دستورالعمل های مربوط به این استراتژی ها به مدت 12 هفته بود. مرحله کیفی شامل تجزیه و تحلیل پاسخ های معلمان به مصاحبه و کدگذاری نظرات به صورت موضوعی توسط محقق بود. پس از تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌های کمی با اجرای آزمون تی زوجی، مشخص شد که دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی امکان آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی را تأیید کرده و پیشنهاد می‌کنند که CSها قابل آموزش و مفید هستند. مفهوم مهم پژوهش این است که آموزش استراتژی عامل پیشرفت بوده و آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی از نظر آموزشی امکان پذیر بوده و آموزش آنها برای دانش آموزان مفید است.  Manuscript profile

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478 - ترجمه فارسی ماجراهای آلیس در سرزمین عجایب: دوگانگی بومی سازی/بیگانه سازی ونوتی در کانون توجه
Fatemeh Jafari ویدا رحیمی نژاد

10.30495/ttlt.2024.704339

ترجمه اقلام خاص فرهنگی (CSIs) همیشه برای مترجمان یک چالش بوده است. برای غلبه بر این مشکل، مترجمان راهبردهای مختلفی را به کار می گیرند. هدف مطالعه حاضر، تحلیل اقلام خاص فرهنگ (CSIs) در ترجمه انگلیسی ماجراهای آلیس در سرزمین عجایب بر اساس دوگانگی بومی سازی/بیگانه‌سازی ونوت More

ترجمه اقلام خاص فرهنگی (CSIs) همیشه برای مترجمان یک چالش بوده است. برای غلبه بر این مشکل، مترجمان راهبردهای مختلفی را به کار می گیرند. هدف مطالعه حاضر، تحلیل اقلام خاص فرهنگ (CSIs) در ترجمه انگلیسی ماجراهای آلیس در سرزمین عجایب بر اساس دوگانگی بومی سازی/بیگانه‌سازی ونوتی بود. پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی است و راهبردهای ترجمه مورد استفاده در دو ترجمه شناسایی و مقایسه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بومی سازی فراگیرترین راهبرد در ترجمه پیرزاد و حران بوده است. با تقابل هر جفت ST-TT از بخش اول مجموعه، هفتاد و یک نمونه از نمونه‌های فرهنگ خاص به صورت دستی جمع‌آوری و به طور سیستماتیک در شش رویه استراتژی بومی سازی از جمله توضیح، افزودن، معادل‌سازی فرهنگی، تنظیم فرهنگی، حذف، تنظیم نحوی طبقه‌بندی شدند. و سه رویه استراتژی خارجی سازی. یعنی نویسه‌گردانی (کلمه قرضی)، ترجمه تحت اللفظی و گرته برداری. یافته ها نشان داد که بومی سازی در TT1 (93/13%) در مقایسه با خارجی سازی (6/83%) به مراتب بیشتر مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد، در حالی که در TT2، بومی سازی (87/64%) در مقایسه با خارجی سازی (12/31%) بیشتر است. متداول‌ترین موارد مربوط به فرهنگ در TT1 و TT2 مربوط به این دسته اصطلاحات، سیستم‌های اندازه‌گیری و غذا بود. Manuscript profile

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479 - Adopting Mediated Learning Experience through Mediational Behaviors to Improve EFL Learners’ Grammar and Metacognitive Strategy Use
Effat Hadidi Zavareh Abdollah Baradaran Bahram Mowlaie

Mediated Learning Experience (MLE) Theory holds the idea that a crucial factor in the development of a person’s cognitive functioning and enabling him to function as an autonomous learner is the amount and quality of mediated learning interactions he has received. More

Mediated Learning Experience (MLE) Theory holds the idea that a crucial factor in the development of a person’s cognitive functioning and enabling him to function as an autonomous learner is the amount and quality of mediated learning interactions he has received. Given this, the paramount focus of this study was to implement MLE through mediational behaviors regarding developing EFL learners’ metacognitive strategy use (MSU) and grammar knowledge. To this end, a grammar test and the Persian version of the Metacognitive Strategies Questionnaire by Item Types were administered to 60 Iranian elementary EFL learners who were selected through convenience sampling and assigned to experimental and control groups at the pretest and posttest. Quantitative analysis of the data revealed that an MLE-based grammar course done through mediational behaviors improved not only the learners’ use of metacognitive strategies as a total but also the learners’ use of planning strategies and their grammar knowledge as well, it did not improve their use of goal-setting and assessment strategies, instead. The results can bear some lucrative insights for various practitioners ranging from teachers and teacher trainers to syllabus designers and stakeholders. Manuscript profile

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480 - تأثیر استفاده از تکالیف تعاملی بر خود نظارتی، خود تنظیمی و تمایل به برقراری ارتباط با استفاده از ابزارهای ICT دانشجویان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی
Fereshteh Abkhoo Roya Baharlooie Hadi Salehi Omid Tabatabaei

10.30495/ttlt.2023.705429

هدف مطالعه کمی شبه تجربی کنونی این بود که بفهمد چگونه تکالیف تعاملی می‌تواند بر خودنظارتی، خودتنظیمی و تمایل دانشجویان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی برای برقراری ارتباط در یک محیط کلاس تأثیر بگذارد. این مطالعه از پرسشنامه های سنجش مقیاس خود نظارتی (SMS)، مقیاس یادگیری زبان خودتنظ More

هدف مطالعه کمی شبه تجربی کنونی این بود که بفهمد چگونه تکالیف تعاملی می‌تواند بر خودنظارتی، خودتنظیمی و تمایل دانشجویان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی برای برقراری ارتباط در یک محیط کلاس تأثیر بگذارد. این مطالعه از پرسشنامه های سنجش مقیاس خود نظارتی (SMS)، مقیاس یادگیری زبان خودتنظیمی (SRLLS) و تمایل به برقراری ارتباط (WTC) به منظور ارزیابی تغییرات در نمرات تعاملی 40 دانش آموز در یک گروه آزمایشی با نمرات تعاملی استفاده کرد. از 40 دانش آموز در یک گروه کنترل. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده با استفاده از آزمون تی نمونه‌ای مستقل، به وضوح نشان داد که دانش‌آموزان دارای تکالیف تعاملی عمدتاً از دانش‌آموزان با آموزش عادی بهتر عمل می‌کنند. علاوه بر این، نتایج نشان داد که تکالیف تعاملی در بهبود پیشرفت دانش‌آموزان و کاهش و افزایش عملکرد آنها با استفاده از شایستگی تعاملی مؤثر است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که دانش‌آموزان سعی می‌کنند فراگیران سازگارتر و درگیرتری باشند که به یادگیری آنها کمک می‌کند. یافته‌های این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که روش‌های تدریس باید به فعالیت‌های تعاملی به شیوه‌ای مؤثر و معنادار در محیط کلاسی غیرتهدیدکننده بپردازد تا در کنار بهبود اعتماد به نفس و افزایش یادگیری دانش‌آموزان، مشارکت در زبان کلاس را افزایش دهد.واژگان کلیدی: تکلیف تعاملی، راهبرد خود نظارتی، راهبرد خودتنظیمی، آموزش راهبرد، تمایل به برقراری ارتباط استراتژی Manuscript profile

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481 - بررسی راهبردهای ترجمه نام آواها و صدا واژگان در کتاب های مصور انگلیسی به فارسی
Zahra Ebrahimi Mohammad Reza Esfandiari Forough Rahimi

10.30495/ttlt.2023.703384

این تحقیق کیفی جهت بررسی و ارزیابی راهبردهای استفاده شده برای ترجمه ی نام آواها و صدا واژه ها در کتاب های مصور انگلیسی به فارسی انجام شده است. در همین راستا ، شش قسمت از داستان مصور مردگان متحرک اثر رابرت کرکمن (2003) انتخاب شده است تا نام آواها ، صداواژه ها و راهبردهای More

این تحقیق کیفی جهت بررسی و ارزیابی راهبردهای استفاده شده برای ترجمه ی نام آواها و صدا واژه ها در کتاب های مصور انگلیسی به فارسی انجام شده است. در همین راستا ، شش قسمت از داستان مصور مردگان متحرک اثر رابرت کرکمن (2003) انتخاب شده است تا نام آواها ، صداواژه ها و راهبردهای ترجمه ی آنها در سه ترجمه مختلف ارزیابی شود. صداها در این کتاب مصور بر اساس مدل ارائه شده ایگاردا (2017) دسته بندی شده است. تمامی راهبردهای ترجمه نشان داده شده است تا  فراوانی هریک از راهبردها مشخص شود.  سپس،  با استفاده ازآمارتوصیفی بیشترین و کمترین راهبردها در ترجمه ی صداها نشان داده شده است. نتایج این مطالعه حاکی از آن است که حفظ فرم اصلی صدا به عنوان قرض انگلیسی متداول ترین راهکار استفاده شده در ترجمه تمامی نام آواها بوده است. دو راهبرد معادل و جایگزینی کمترین راهبردهای استفاده شده برای ترجمه نام آواهایی که در ابرهای گفتگو قرار گرفته اند بوده است. اما زمانی که نام آواها در زمینه قرار گرفته اند ، کم ترین راهبردها حذف، تغییر در معنا و...  بوده اند . در خصوص ترجمه صداواژها ، پرکاربردترین راهبرد، ترجمه ی صداواژها به معادل آن ها و کمترین راهبردها تکرار، تغییر در معنا و ... بوده اند. این پژوهش به مترجمان در سطوح مختلف از جمله حرفه ای و مبتدی برای آشنایی بیشتر با راهبردهای های گوناگون و کسب بینش عمیق تر کمک بسزایی میکند.       Manuscript profile

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482 - An Exploration of Breadth and Depth of EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Strategy Use Using Structural Equation Modeling
Behzad Hayatbakhsh Abbasi Mehry Haddad Narafshan Peyman Seifaddiny

10.30495/ttlt.2023.1997247.2394

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l Manuscript profile

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483 - مطالعه موارد خاص فرهنگ در "دوزخ" از انگلیسی به فارسی بر اساس طبقه بندی Vinay و Darbelnet
سید سهام الدین سید محسن Mahshad Tasnimi

به دلیل تفاوت بین فرهنگ های زبان مبدا و مقصد ، همیشه در ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی مشکلاتی وجود داشته است. به عنوان مثال ، اختلافات بین زبان ها در مورد ادیان ، آیین ها ، لباس ها ، غذا و هنجارهای ارتباطی وجود دارد ، اگرچه برخی از فرهنگ ها ممکن است بسیار به هم نزدیک باشند. مطالعه More

به دلیل تفاوت بین فرهنگ های زبان مبدا و مقصد ، همیشه در ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی مشکلاتی وجود داشته است. به عنوان مثال ، اختلافات بین زبان ها در مورد ادیان ، آیین ها ، لباس ها ، غذا و هنجارهای ارتباطی وجود دارد ، اگرچه برخی از فرهنگ ها ممکن است بسیار به هم نزدیک باشند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی استراتژی های مورد استفاده برای ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی در رمان "دوزخ" (براون ، ۲۰۱۳) از انگلیسی به فارسی توسط مترجم ایرانی منیژه جلالی (۲۰۱۳) انجام شده است. ابتدا داده ها بر اساس مدل های نظری نیومارک (۱۹۸۸) و آیکسلا (۱۹۹۶) از متن منبع استخراج شد. سپس ، طبقه بندی وینی و داربلنت (۱۹۵۸) برای یافتن استراتژی های مورد استفاده توسط مترجم جهت ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی استفاده شد. برای رسیدن به هدف مطالعه ، محقق ۱۰۰۰ عناصر فرهنگی را از رمان "دوزخ" استخراج کرد. ترجمه های فارسی این موارد با استفاده از یک طرح توصیفی مبتنی بر پیکره برای شناسایی معادل های انتخاب شده توسط مترجم مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل محتوا نشان داد که مترجم از 12 نوع استراتژی مختلف استفاده کرده است: وام گیری ، ترجمه تحت اللفظی ، اقتباس ، تصریح ، تعمیم ، افزایش ، جابجایی ، گرته برداری ، جزئی سازی ، کاهش ، معادل سازی و تلویح. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که وامگیری ، ترجمه تحت اللفظی و افزایش متداول ترین و پر تکرار ترین روش های ترجمه، در حالی که معادل سازی ، جزئی سازی ، تلویح و جابجایی کم تکرار ترین موارد استفاده شده بودند. همچنین مشخص شد که از استراتژی «ترجمه تعدیلی» در مورد عناصر فرهنگی در ترجمه رمان "دوزخ" از انگلیسی به فارسی استفاده نشده است. نتایج این مطالعه برای خوانندگان عام ، مترجمان و معلمان ترجمه مفید است تا استراتژی های ترجمه مناسب تری را انتخاب کنند ، که نتیجه آن درک بهتر کتاب های ادبی است.   Manuscript profile

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484 - Applying Ethics in Interpreting: Investigating Attitudes and Strategies in an Iranian Context
Shahla Ebadi Alireza Ameri

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485 - بررسی استخراج هنجارها و راهبردهای استفاده شده در ترجمه اصطلاحات: بررسی پیکره ای رمان "پیرمرد و دریا"
مهسا علیا

10.30495/ttlt.2021.682806

اصطلاح به مجموعه ای از کلمات گفته می شود که معنایی متفاوت از معنای کلی کلمات دارند. هنگامی که اینگونه اصطلاحات در آثار ادبی از جمله رمان ها بکار می روند، ترجمه اصطلاحات به تدریج سخت تر و طاقت فرسا تر می گردد. تلاش تحقیق حاضر یافتن رایج ترین و پر کاربرد ترین استراتژی های More

اصطلاح به مجموعه ای از کلمات گفته می شود که معنایی متفاوت از معنای کلی کلمات دارند. هنگامی که اینگونه اصطلاحات در آثار ادبی از جمله رمان ها بکار می روند، ترجمه اصطلاحات به تدریج سخت تر و طاقت فرسا تر می گردد. تلاش تحقیق حاضر یافتن رایج ترین و پر کاربرد ترین استراتژی های بکار رفته شده در ترجمه رمان  "پیرمرد و دریا"، تحلیل و بررسی آنها و در گام بعدی، بررسی هنجار اولیه توری می باشد.  بدین منظور سه ترجمه فارسی رمان مذکور از محمدتقی فرامرزی، نازی عظیما و نجف دریا بندری، تعداد 60 اصطلاح کاربردی رمان و همچنین ترجمه های فارسی آنها برای این پژوهش توسط محقق انتخاب گردیدند. بر اساس نتایج حاصله، پر کاربرد ترین استراتژی بکار گرفته شده توسط محمدتقی فرامرزی،  ترجمه از طریق "تفسیر به وسیله کلمات مرتبط" بوده که نشان دهنده تمایل وی به استفاده بیشتر از هنجار مقبولیت نسبت به هنجار کفایت بوده که استراتژی فوق بیشترین استراتژی و هنجار مورد استفاده توسط نازی عظیما نیز می باشد. طبق تحقیقات انجام شده، استراتژی "تفسیر از طریق کلمات نا مرتبط" بیش از سایر تکنیک ها توسط نجف دریا بندی به کار رفته و بر اساس نتیجه مطالعه حاضر، تمایل دریا بندری به استفاده از هنجار مقبولیت نسبت به هنجار کفایت مشهود می باشد . Manuscript profile

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486 - موارد خاص فرهنگی در ترجمه انگلیسی به فارسی Inferno: طبق طبقه بندی Vinay و Darbelnet
Seyed Sahameddin Seyed Mohsen Mahshad Tasnimi

10.30495/ttlt.2022.688170

به دلیل تفاوت بین فرهنگ های زبان مبدا و مقصد ، همیشه در ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی مشکلاتی وجود داشته است. به عنوان مثال ، اختلافات بین زبان ها در مورد ادیان ، آیین ها ، لباس ها ، غذا و هنجارهای ارتباطی وجود دارد ، اگرچه برخی از فرهنگ ها ممکن است بسیار به هم نزدیک باشند. مطالعه More

به دلیل تفاوت بین فرهنگ های زبان مبدا و مقصد ، همیشه در ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی مشکلاتی وجود داشته است. به عنوان مثال ، اختلافات بین زبان ها در مورد ادیان ، آیین ها ، لباس ها ، غذا و هنجارهای ارتباطی وجود دارد ، اگرچه برخی از فرهنگ ها ممکن است بسیار به هم نزدیک باشند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی استراتژی های مورد استفاده برای ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی در رمان "دوزخ" (براون ، ۲۰۱۳) از انگلیسی به فارسی توسط مترجم ایرانی منیژه جلالی (۲۰۱۳) انجام شده است. ابتدا داده ها بر اساس مدل های نظری نیومارک (۱۹۸۸) و آیکسلا (۱۹۹۶) از متن منبع استخراج شد. سپس ، طبقه بندی وینی و داربلنت (۱۹۵۸) برای یافتن استراتژی های مورد استفاده توسط مترجم جهت ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی استفاده شد. برای رسیدن به هدف مطالعه ، محقق ۱۰۰۰ عناصر فرهنگی را از رمان "دوزخ" استخراج کرد. ترجمه های فارسی این موارد با استفاده از یک طرح توصیفی مبتنی بر پیکره برای شناسایی معادل های انتخاب شده توسط مترجم مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل محتوا نشان داد که مترجم از 12 نوع استراتژی مختلف استفاده کرده است: وام گیری ، ترجمه تحت اللفظی ، اقتباس ، تصریح ، تعمیم ، افزایش ، جابجایی ، گرته برداری ، جزئی سازی ، کاهش ، معادل سازی و تلویح. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که وامگیری ، ترجمه تحت اللفظی و افزایش متداول ترین و پر تکرار ترین روش های ترجمه، در حالی که معادل سازی ، جزئی سازی ، تلویح و جابجایی کم تکرار ترین موارد استفاده شده بودند. همچنین مشخص شد که از استراتژی «ترجمه تعدیلی» در مورد عناصر فرهنگی در ترجمه رمان "دوزخ" از انگلیسی به فارسی استفاده نشده است. نتایج این مطالعه برای خوانندگان عام ، مترجمان و معلمان ترجمه مفید است تا استراتژی های ترجمه مناسب تری را انتخاب کنند ، که نتیجه آن درک بهتر کتاب های ادبی است.    Manuscript profile

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487 - The Effect of Cognitive Strategy-based Grammar Instruction on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners' Development of both Structural Knowledge and Strategy Use
Esmaeil Faghih Fatemeh Esmaeili Fard

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488 - An Activity Theoretical Investigation into the Dominant Composition and Translation Activities of EFL learners across Persian and English
Yusef Rajabi

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489 - Investigating a Systematic Approach to the Promotion of EFL Learners’ Autonomy
Hossein Rahmanpanah Zia Tajeddin

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490 - Assessing the Translation of Parvin Etesami's Selected Poems Using Vinay and Darbelnet’s Model
Nafiseh Emadi Mohammad Hussien Norouzi Behrooz Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari

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491 - تأثیر متقابل ظرفیت حافظه کاری با آموزش راهبرد فراشناختی ضمنی و آشکار
Parisa Mohamadpour امید طباطبایی

10.30495/ttlt.2022.696861

این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر متقابل آموزش راهبرد فراشناختی ضمنی و صریح و ظرفیت حافظه فعال فراگیران پرداخته است. بدین منظور 63 زبان‌آموز انگلیسی به ‌عنوان شرکت‌کننده‌ بر اساس آزمون تعیین سطح مشخص شده و به شکل تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی (آموزش راهبرد فراشناختی ضمنی و آشکار) و More

این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر متقابل آموزش راهبرد فراشناختی ضمنی و صریح و ظرفیت حافظه فعال فراگیران پرداخته است. بدین منظور 63 زبان‌آموز انگلیسی به ‌عنوان شرکت‌کننده‌ بر اساس آزمون تعیین سطح مشخص شده و به شکل تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی (آموزش راهبرد فراشناختی ضمنی و آشکار) و دو گروه کنترل (فعال و غیرفعال) قرار گرفتند. در گروه آموزش صریح، یک مدل دستورالعمل راهبرد فراشناختی آشکار اجرا شد و گروه ضمنی دستورالعمل‌هایی را بر اساس یک مدل دستورالعمل راهبرد فراشناختی تلویحی دریافت کرد. همه شرکت‌کنندگان در آزمونهای اندازه گیری عمل کرد حافظه فعال و همچنین بخش درک شنیداری PET شرکت کردند. آنها همچنین بخش شنیداری FCE را به عنوان آزمون انتقال دریافت کردند. نتایج نشان داد در حالی که دستورالعمل‌های راهبردی فراشناختی ضمنی و آشکار به طور معنی دار به عملکرد درک شنیداری منجر می‌شوند، آموزش صریح از اندازه اثر بزرگتری برخوردار است. تغییرات درک شنیداری در گروه کنترل فعال معنی دار نبود که نشان دهنده مثبت نبودن نتیجه در اثر صرفاً ارائه راهبردها بدون زمینه سازی در عمل بود. ظرفیت حافظه فعال همچنین نشان داد در پیش‌بینی بهبود درک شنیداری در گروه آموزش صریح قدرت  بیشتری دارد. این مطالعه نشان داد آموزش راهبردی فراشناخت ضمنی برای فراگیرانی که ظرفیت محدود حافظه فعال یا ظرفیت حافظه فعال ناهمگن دارند بسیار بهتر عمل می‌کند. Manuscript profile

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492 - The Effect of Instructing Speaking Strategies Used by Successful EFL Learners on Unsuccessful Learners’ Speaking Improvement in Iran
Massood Yazdani Moghadam Rahele Najaf Elahi

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493 - The Effect of Metacognitive Strategies Training on Reading Comprehension of Field-dependent / Field- independent Learners
Mehdi Sheykhi Zohre Mohamadi

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494 - Translation of Cultural Terms: A Case Study of a Novel Titled ‘For One More Day’
Seyyedeh Mobina Shaheri Langeroudi Adnan Satariyan

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495 - The Effects of Implementing Summative Assessment, Formative Assessment and Dynamic Assessment on Iranian EFL Learners’ Listening Ability and Listening Strategy Use
Davood Ghahremani

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496 - استفاده از انواع اسکفولد در کلاس های خواندن: موقعیت ها ی تجربی مختلف
Noushin Asadipiran Shahram Afraz Seyyed Ayatollah Razmjoo

10.30495/ttlt.2022.688338

تحقیق ترکیبی حاضر برای اثبات انواع داربست در زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی تهیه شده است.توانایی خواندن و استراتژی خواندن برای دستیابی به این هدف، یک طرح چند فازی اجرا شد وپژوهشگران در مجموع 80 نفر از دانشجویان مقطع متوسطه دانشگاه آزاد بندرعباس را انتخاب کردنددر ایران. نمونه More

تحقیق ترکیبی حاضر برای اثبات انواع داربست در زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی تهیه شده است.توانایی خواندن و استراتژی خواندن برای دستیابی به این هدف، یک طرح چند فازی اجرا شد وپژوهشگران در مجموع 80 نفر از دانشجویان مقطع متوسطه دانشگاه آزاد بندرعباس را انتخاب کردنددر ایران. نمونه به چهار گروه داربست نرم، گروه داربست سخت تقسیم شد..گروه داربست متقابل و گروه داربست مجازی. شرکت کنندگان این گروه ها یک نشستندپیش آزمون درک مطلب، پس آزمون درک مطلب، همراه با آزمون راهبردهای خواندن.علاوه بر این، خود گزارش‌ها و نمونه کارها و مشاهدات و یادداشت‌های محققین از طریقبرای تکمیل چک لیست ها استفاده شد. با توجه به رشد توانایی خواندن دانش آموزان، نتایجنشان داد که داربست های پیچیده بالاترین میانگین را در پس آزمون خواندن داشتند. با توجهبا مطالعه راهبردهای مطالعه، یافته‌ها نشان داد که درمان‌های مختلف داربست تأثیراتی بر روی آن دارد.توسعه راهبردهای جهانی، حل مسئله و حمایت از خواندن در میان فراگیران. درگروه داربست سخت بیشترین استفاده را از راهبردهای خواندن داشتند و سپس داربست مجازیگروه گروه های داربست متقابل و نرم به طور مشابه استفاده کمتری از راهبردهای خواندن داشتند.  Manuscript profile

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497 - An Investigation into Norm Extraction with Regard to Domestication and Foreignization of Culture-Specific Items: A Case of Children’s Literature in the Past Four Years
mahtab zarezadeh Massood Yazdanimoghaddam

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498 - بررسی دامنه و عمق استفاده از راهبردهای یادگیری واژگان زبان آموزان با استفاده از مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری
Behzad Hayatbakhsh Mehry Haddad Narafshan Peyman Seifaddiny

10.30495/ttlt.2024.709397

راهبردهای مناسب یادگیری زبان منجر به بهبود مهارت زبان آموزان می شود. این مقاله با هدف بررسی رابطه بین استفاده از راهبردهای یادگیری واژگان و وسعت و عمق دانش واژگان زبان آموزان با استفاده از مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری انجام شد. برای تحقق این هدف، 200 زبان آموز، عمدتاً سطح م More

راهبردهای مناسب یادگیری زبان منجر به بهبود مهارت زبان آموزان می شود. این مقاله با هدف بررسی رابطه بین استفاده از راهبردهای یادگیری واژگان و وسعت و عمق دانش واژگان زبان آموزان با استفاده از مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری انجام شد. برای تحقق این هدف، 200 زبان آموز، عمدتاً سطح متوسط، با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای، شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش را تشکیل دادند. برای جمع آوری داده ها از سه ابزار بررسی راهبردهای یادگیری واژگان، آزمون عمق واژگان و آزمون دامنه واژگان استفاده شد. نتایج آزمون فریدمن نشان داد که نسبت استفاده از راهبردهای یادگیری کلمات در بین پاسخ دهندگان یکسان نبود (p-value <0.05). مقایسه فراوانی استفاده از راهبردها نشان می‌دهد که استراتژی حافظه (69%) بیش از سایرین و استراتژی تعیین  (2.5%) کمترین استفاده را در میان پاسخ دهندگان داشته است. همچنین هیچ یک از پاسخ دهندگان از راهبرد یادگیری واژگان اجتماعی و راهبرد فراشناختی استفاده نکردند. در نهایت، رابطه بین راهبرد تعیین و دامنه دانش واژگان، راهبرد یادگیری واژگان اجتماعی و دامنه دانش واژگان، راهبرد یادگیری حافظه و دامنه دانش واژگان، راهبرد یادگیری شناختی و دامنه دانش واژگان، راهبرد یادگیری فراشناختی و دامنه دانش واژگان، راهبرد یادگیری اجتماعی و عمق دانش واژگان، راهبرد یادگیری شناختی و عمق دانش واژگان و راهبرد یادگیری فراشناختی و عمق دانش واژگان معنی دار نیست (05/0p-value>). این یافته ها کاربردهایی برای معلمان، دانش آموزان وتعیین کنندگان خط مشی های آموزش زبان انگلیسی دارد.     Manuscript profile

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499 - Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in the Relationship between Attachment Styles and Alexithymia
Mohammad Ali Besharat

the aim of this study was to examine mediating effect of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between secure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles, and alexithymia. A total of 256 volunteers (115 males, 141 females) participated in this study More

the aim of this study was to examine mediating effect of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between secure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles, and alexithymia. A total of 256 volunteers (115 males, 141 females) participated in this study. All participants were asked to complete the Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI; Besharat, 2005, 2011), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (FTAS; Bagby, Parker, & Taylor, 1994), and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ; Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006). Secure attachment style had a significant negative relation with alexithymia, while avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles had significant positive relations with alexithymia. The results of regression analysis indicated that both adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediated the relationship between attachment styles and alexithymia. The secure and insecure attachment styles predicted changes of alexithymia through adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies in opposite directions. The results indicated a partial mediation of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between attachment styles and alexithymia. Manuscript profile

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500 - The Influence of Age and Gender on the Development of Strategic Arithmetic Competency in Iranian Children
Mohtaram Nemat Tavousi Ali Akbar Saif

A random sample of 192 male and female elementary school students, grades 1 – 3, were chosen to study the development of problem solving strategies using the Test of Individual Differences in Children’s Addition Strategy Choices. The results of the study wer More

A random sample of 192 male and female elementary school students, grades 1 – 3, were chosen to study the development of problem solving strategies using the Test of Individual Differences in Children’s Addition Strategy Choices. The results of the study were consistent with the basic assumption of Adaptive Strategy Choice Model (ASCM) and revealed that Iranian children also used multiple strategies to solve simple addition problems. As children became older and acquired more experience in problem solving, they discovered new strategies, the accuracy and speed with which each strategy was executed increased. In addition, retrieved answers to problems from long- term memory came to be used more and the relative frequencies of the use of backup strategies varied. No significant differences were found between boys and girls in speed, accuracy and strategy use. Although the results indicate that the pattern of strategic development in Iranian children is similar to the pattern of children in other countries, the results also reveal that Iranian children differed considerably in the distribution of strategy choices Manuscript profile

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501 - Dddition operation strategies in first grade students:an empirical study
Parirokh Dadsetan Laleh Vahidi Farhad Shaghaghi

The role of instruction on improving rate and correctness of addition operation strategies was analysed. Seventy-one first grader boys were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group. Form A Test of Individual Differences in Children's Addition Strategy Ch More

The role of instruction on improving rate and correctness of addition operation strategies was analysed. Seventy-one first grader boys were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group. Form A Test of Individual Differences in Children's Addition Strategy Choices (Kerkman & Siegler, 1997) was administered to both groups to assess mean response time and frequency of correct responses. Over a three month period the experimental group received 15 sessions of forty-five minute instruction on retrieval and backup strategies for addition operations. The control group received none. After the instruction period both groups responded to Form B of the aforementioned test. Results of ANOVA demonstrated that the use of backup strategy significantly increased the frequency of accurate responses in the experimental group.      Manuscript profile

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502 - An Optimal Distributed Low Frequency Control Framework for Network-based Interconnected Power Systems Featuring Communication Network Delay
Alireza Nazmadini Alimorad Khajehzadeh Mehdi Jafari Shahbazzadeh

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503 - Robust Participation of Energy Production Companies in the Coupled Gas and Electricity Market Based on Energy Management Strategy
Ali Asghar Baziar Taher Niknam Mohsen Simab

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504 - Providing marketing model in recession conditions
فرزانه فراهانی آزاد منصوره علیقلی سینا نعمتی زاده

10.30495/fed.2022.691501

Abstract The purpose of this research is to provide a marketing model in recession conditions. The results of this study indicate the extraction of 6 main dimensions and 21 pivotal components which are in the form of a paradigm model including marketing proportional to More

Abstract The purpose of this research is to provide a marketing model in recession conditions. The results of this study indicate the extraction of 6 main dimensions and 21 pivotal components which are in the form of a paradigm model including marketing proportional to recession conditions as a pivotal category and causal conditions (payments and bonuses during recession, economic and competitive situation during recession, rapid environmental changes during recession period and internal and external environmental conditions), underlying factors (the company's position in the market during recession, customer recognition and needs). They were in recession, creativity in marketing during the recession and marketing mix during the recession), interventionist conditions (increasing market share during the recession period, financial and human factors during the recession period, distribution channels and marketing network during the recession), strategies (differentiation strategy, cost strategy, contraction strategy and development strategy) and outcomes (continuation of customer relationship during recession, development of skills and creativity of enterprises and proper use of resources in the period stagnation) has been achieved Manuscript profile

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505 - نقش توانمندسازی اقتصادی در راهبرد اقتصاد مقاومتی در کشورهای در حال توسعه
احمد جعفری صمیمی کورش اعظمی

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Open Access Article

506 - Chabahar Port's Political-Economic Perspective in Futuristic strategies of India's foreign -security policy
yaser kahrazeh

In the Indian view, Chabahar is part of the strategic and geopolitical ideas of Indian nationalism for regional and global upheaval and balanced geoeconomic competition with traditional and longtime rivals. In India's futuristic outlook document, Chabahar port is a hub More

In the Indian view, Chabahar is part of the strategic and geopolitical ideas of Indian nationalism for regional and global upheaval and balanced geoeconomic competition with traditional and longtime rivals. In India's futuristic outlook document, Chabahar port is a hub of economic importance along with its security-political importance. In the Discourse of Prestige and the Authority of Indian Nationalism, Chabahar has symbolic importance as a trans-regional hub and, based on the long-term vision, this oceanic port could enhance the value and credibility of India's branding across the world economically and politically. Chabahar's perspective for India's foreign policy is in two phases, the first phase - financial-economic and second - political - security. India has long-term plans and strategies for Chabahar through the tools of economic diplomacy. Despite the unbalanced and unstable conditions in the Middle East and Iran, India has worked with Afghanistan through economic diplomacy to help as much as possible to improve the economic development and importance of the Chabahar region. Drawing on the theoretical perspective of new economic diplomacy, the present paper analyzes India's future strategies in the Chabahar port. The main hypothesis of the paper is that the new Indian economic diplomacy is structurally related to India's political-security strategies for Chabahar port and the purely economic or political view on Chabahar port in Indian policymaking (India's foreign policy) is one-dimensional and mistaken analyzes. India's foreign and economic policy in Chabahar is based on a multi-faceted, long-term perspective. Manuscript profile

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507 - Foreign policy strategy of Mohammed bin Salman and its security requirements for Iran
Omid Azizyan Hossein Rafie Ali Akbar Jafari

After entering the power system in Saudi Arabia, Mohammed bin Salman, made great changes to the Saudi foreign policy strategy. By leaving the traditional strategy of defensive policy, he conducts an offensive strategy against Iran and the middle east and north Africa re More

After entering the power system in Saudi Arabia, Mohammed bin Salman, made great changes to the Saudi foreign policy strategy. By leaving the traditional strategy of defensive policy, he conducts an offensive strategy against Iran and the middle east and north Africa regions. Meanwhile, changing the coalition patterns in the region in the form of alliance with Israel, the NATO plan and trying to retain American military in the region has threatened national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. However, the present study aims to answer the question of what requirements the foreign policy strategy of Mohammad bin Salman in the region has created for the foreign policy and national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In this paper, "the security of the Copenhagen school" and "aggressive constructivism" have been used as a theoretical framework. Research methodology and data collecting are descriptive-analytical and library-documentary approaches. The findings indicate that the increasing closeness of Saudi to Israel, trying to create an Arab front along with Egypt and the United Arab Emirates, Riyadh 's attempt to move closer to the United States and bring this country to a wide contrast with Iran, has touched Iran 's national security at two levels of confrontation and detente. Manuscript profile

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508 - Analysis and evaluation of US foreign policy towards Iran in the light of the benefit of smart power(2008-2020)
mojtaba romouk mashallah heidarpour Alireza Amini

Abstract This study tries to work on the US foreign policy on Iran based on Smart Power Theory. At the beginning of the 21st-century pivotal role of the US in globalization led to increasing the US power, credibility, and influence in the Middle East, so based on the US More

Abstract This study tries to work on the US foreign policy on Iran based on Smart Power Theory. At the beginning of the 21st-century pivotal role of the US in globalization led to increasing the US power, credibility, and influence in the Middle East, so based on the US strategy in the foreign policy this power converted from soft and hard power to the "smart power" toward regional countries and especially Iran.The main question of this study is:How we can evaluate US policy based on "smart power" against Iran between the years 2008 to 2020? The hypothesis of this research is on the US foreign policy strategy towards Iran which admits the change in the meaning and use of power by concentrating on "smart power" which became more obvious after 2008. The theoretical framework of this research tries to evaluate and review the US foreign policy based on smart power towards Iran with considering multiple variables The Literature Review of this study is on uses descriptive-analytical and documentary methods that proceed by Literature Review method . Manuscript profile

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509 - The European Union’s Anti Terrorism & Extremism Norm-building Strategy Within the International Order
Ramsin Beit Jam Mohammad Ali Khosravi Reza Jalali didokht sadeghi hagigi

The present research is trying to verify the anti terrorism and extremism normative strategy of the European Union within the international order. Terrorism is one of the most serious and dangerous menaces against the entire human community and civilization. Terrorism h More

The present research is trying to verify the anti terrorism and extremism normative strategy of the European Union within the international order. Terrorism is one of the most serious and dangerous menaces against the entire human community and civilization. Terrorism has the potentiality to train a group of individuals which have no consideration for tolerance and for a peaceful coexistence of different nations. The most tangible contact of the European countries with the brutal aspects of terrorism regards the different conflicts in the Middle East where a note vole group of European terrorists that are actually the native citizens of these mostly western European countries that at the end of conflicts could try return to their native countries bring inning with them the extremist ideologies that could destabilize the above mentioned European countries. Inconsideration of such danger the anti terrorism policy of European Union represents a priority for this important international structure and because of that the collaboration with the other countries and between Parliaments of different countries is extremely important especially in consideration of fact to block the financial resources of terrorist organizations. Manuscript profile

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510 - The Crisis in Yemen and the Regional Security Strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Farzad Rostami Kamran Lotfi Saeid Pirmohamadi

Often, in studies related to international relations, the security of activists, especially in the regional arena, is considered as one of the most important principles in the foreign policy of countries. Especially since the political-security issues after the Arab Spr More

Often, in studies related to international relations, the security of activists, especially in the regional arena, is considered as one of the most important principles in the foreign policy of countries. Especially since the political-security issues after the Arab Spring in the region, have made common interests among the regional actors, and added to the growing concern of Middle East about security. For this reason, today, the regional counterparts in the Middle East who have common interests have generally focused on regional security assemblies in order to maintain their survival. In this regard, the security agenda in the Middle East concerns the crisis in Yemen, which may extend to other areas and challenge the other players' interests. That’s why, the Islamic Republic of Iran, as an active actor and regional hegemony, has been struggling to adopt a protective approach for the Yemeni nation-state in order to secure its regional security since the beginning and growth of the crisis in Yemen. Therefore, the focus of this study is on the efforts of the Islamic Republic of Iran to maintain the axis of resistance, the geopolitical security of Yemen, and to maintain its ideological and regional influence. So, the main question of the present research focuses on the issue which is "what approach of the foreign policy can be relied on for the analysis of the position of the Islamic Republic of Iran regarding the crisis in Yemen. Manuscript profile

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511 - America's Strategy in Afghanistan and Its Impact on National Security of Iran
Mohammad Tohidfam Farhad Paydar

Abstract Iran is an important country in the Middle East.The strategic importance of the Hormuz Strait, the Persian Gulf South littoral states, neighboring Pakistan, and Iraq, and most importantly, having a long border with Afghanistan, including the factors that will More

Abstract Iran is an important country in the Middle East.The strategic importance of the Hormuz Strait, the Persian Gulf South littoral states, neighboring Pakistan, and Iraq, and most importantly, having a long border with Afghanistan, including the factors that will affect America's strategy.On the other hand, the issue of terrorism, narcotics, and other factors, make the relationship between the two countries more important and any of action of America in the neighboring countries of Iran, notably in Afghanistan, has impact on Iran's national security. After 9/11, the war on the terror has led to a convergence of many countries with America.There are important issues in the region that influence on the United States long-term policy.Demographics of Iran and Afghanistan, in addition to a major share of these countries in the global economy and alsonuclearization of the region (which Iran has recently joined it) are all the reasons that has led to handling the strategic depth in Afghanistan and Iran by the United States and thereby influence on the political, economic and military equations of the world. Interaction or conflict with the rival powers could significantly impact on America foreign policy.This is the best opportunity for the United States to pursue its long-term interests by its presence in this strategic regionand by combating the roots of terrorism and drug trafficking in order to implementation of the Greater Middle East Plan and democratization of the region realize the dream of world government of liberal democracy. This paper reviews and analyzes the America's strategy in Afghanistan and its impact on national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran.   Manuscript profile

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512 - Obama’s Foreign Policy in the West of Asia and North Africa Until 2015
Mohammadjafar Javadi Arjmand Amin Parhizkar Ehsan Khezri

Abstract Although Most of Critics of Barack Obama‘s Regional strategy believe that Obama lacking a strategy point of view. This reasoning looks completely wrong. When Obama sat on presidential seat he believed that high volume reduction of military commitments and More

Abstract Although Most of Critics of Barack Obama‘s Regional strategy believe that Obama lacking a strategy point of view. This reasoning looks completely wrong. When Obama sat on presidential seat he believed that high volume reduction of military commitments and political investment in Middle East is one of the vital and important profits of United States. Engrossing of Iraq and also widespread war against terrorism has faced United States lots of problems, particularly in time of recession. Adjusting presence of United States in this region was not only limited to reduction of its physical appearance in Middle East, but also it includes restraint policy, as Syria, Libya and Yemen has proved that. It means United States take steps back in conflicts of region and give more safety to its allies for more responsibility they take. This study show that Obamas has followed this policy, continuously and he resists strongly against efforts is made to stop this policy. Although it is not in favour of everyone in Washington, but it is a clear and comprehensive strategy which has made Obama to take serious proceedings for issues he thought they are important just as national security; the issues such as Iran nuclear program, Palestine-Israel conflicts, Iraq war and specially recent changes in Region.   Manuscript profile

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513 - Comparing Study of Strategies of the EU and U.S. in relation to Combat with Terrorism
Ardeshir Sanaie

Up sep.11, 2011 terrorist attacks to world trade organization (WTO) as most effective terrorist attacks which was regarded as turning point at international relations: the issue of terrorism was changed into security agenda. In fact sep.11,2001 terrorist attacks: the More

Up sep.11, 2011 terrorist attacks to world trade organization (WTO) as most effective terrorist attacks which was regarded as turning point at international relations: the issue of terrorism was changed into security agenda. In fact sep.11,2001 terrorist attacks: the issue of terrorism was changed into factor in the way of formation to foreign policy of some countries and in the field of international policy: each country based on its values and norms fight against asymmetric threats and terrorism and selected specific strategy. In his way following up sep.11, 2011 terrorist attacks in U.S.A the doctrine of war against terrorism and combat with mass destruction weapons was compiled by neoconservative party. E.U. approved strategy of combat with mass destruction weapons: which resulted in coalition of great worlds powers against terrorism. In the way of combat with terrorism, Sep.11, 2011 terrorist attacks prepared suitable grounds for attacks of U.S.A to Afghanistan in year 2001 and following up attack to Iraq in year 2003 without accompany of EU countries such as: France and Germany and regardless to U.N. which resulted in great gap between relations of EU beyond Atlantic region and U.S.A in the field of combat with terrorism. In the present research it is dealt with this question that: What is similarity and difference among strategies of EU and U.S.A in relation to combat with terrorism?  Manuscript profile

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514 - Precedence of Israel Foreign & Security Policy in New Regional Area
Mohammad Sohrabi Ehsan Jannati

Abstract: From the preliminary of creating the Zionist regime, the approach of foreign policy and security of Israel, based on factious religious teachings, strategy of extend pending territories and building town, obtain to strategic depth, dominance on challenges and More

Abstract: From the preliminary of creating the Zionist regime, the approach of foreign policy and security of Israel, based on factious religious teachings, strategy of extend pending territories and building town, obtain to strategic depth, dominance on challenges and internal splits and in extreme gain to ideal of the greater Israel in order to realization the promises of the old testament. New, after passage the sixty years from the creating this regime and passage the several wars and 33day war between Hizbullah and Israeli army- also knowledge toward internal splits and challenges and the will of public opinion on creation and secure the safety, Israel decided to change its foreign policy and security to obtain the permanent security. This vicissitude is inclusive the decision of this regime for withdrawal from the occupied territories, redefinition of borders and rectification of regional strategies instead of occupied and mastery. It is evident that this vicissitude will have affects and consequences on area of regional and Iran. Manuscript profile

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515 - Micro Strategy of the U.S. in the Middle East: A Sense for Interaction of Soft Power and Hard Power
Seyed Mohammad Tabatabaei Yousef Sayfi

Abstract Soft Power theory is a definition of power which many governments have used it consciously or unconsciously long time before its exposure in states relations. However the importance of this theory is because of its new definition by which we can study behavior More

Abstract Soft Power theory is a definition of power which many governments have used it consciously or unconsciously long time before its exposure in states relations. However the importance of this theory is because of its new definition by which we can study behaviors and the manner of governments in the domain of international affairs. This is to say that the contrast exists in this theory on power concept, could be considered as a scale for the governments facing with interests and aspirations that they have defined it before for themselves. Now, if we consider the United States main strategy in the Middle East with this view and the U.S. soft and hard power, we can find three special periods since new century up to now. During these three periods, gradually the importance of soft power has been increased against the hard power. The reason for the hard power declines is because of the limitations that U.S. has had in the Middle East from the beginning of his presence in this region. Therefore, the U.S. is left with no choice but to use soft power as a tool to overcome the hard power limitations.  Manuscript profile

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516 - Analysis of the content of the national security strategy of the United States of America towards the Islamic Republic of Iran (2001-2021)
Hossein Mozneb Mohammad Reza Ghaedi Reza Simber

PRB-2303-2429(R1)

After World War II, especially after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States of America has always claimed supremacy in the international system and has explained its foreign policies based on the national security strategy in every presidential term. On the More

After World War II, especially after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States of America has always claimed supremacy in the international system and has explained its foreign policies based on the national security strategy in every presidential term. On the other hand, the Islamic Republic of Iran, as a regional superpower, has been able to create a new form of regional order with its material and spiritual influence in West Asian countries. The conflict between the interests of the United States and Iran raises the question that the national security strategies of the United States of America during the years 2001-2021 have become in practice what strategies have they turned into in relation to Iran? In response to the proposed hypothesis, "The United States of America, by adopting its aggressive national security strategies towards Iran, is seeking to limit Iran's interests in the international system so that it can increase its interests and finally become the supreme hegemon in The international system should be transformed." After examining the sources of the first category indicators (economic and security strategies) with the method of integrated content analysis (quantitative and qualitative), the results showed: America initially follows the policy of changing Iran's behavior and containment, and then the policy of engagement and pressure And finally, it turned into containment and behavior change, and in order to implement these strategies during this period, it has imposed more and more diverse sanctions against Iran every year Manuscript profile

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517 - Nuclear Weapons and the U. S. Strategy from the Washington Post Press during Khatami Era
Mohammadrahim Evazi Farzaneh Saifuri

Abstract While have been talked about trying of European union to economic relations with Iran for expansion of political relations, many of analyst believed that it can be indication of independency of Europe from America and taking approach in principle from this un More

Abstract While have been talked about trying of European union to economic relations with Iran for expansion of political relations, many of analyst believed that it can be indication of independency of Europe from America and taking approach in principle from this union. While in this competition and challenge, America with Europe in many items, didn't have any doubt. But with accuracy in revenue of this global actors in front of Iran are as a spirit in body. Emphasis of the European Union for the importance of Human rights and insisted of this subject, during planning economic or political problems show this reality. America follows the matter like expansion of the whole sale slaughter, struggle of Booshehr atomic power plant, accusation of hidden nuclear activities in Iran; continue codified form and programmable way to receive in weapons equipment.   Manuscript profile

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518 - The Impact of International Entrepreneurship Orientation on International Performance Considering The Mediating Role of Network Capability’ Competitive Strategy And International Market Orientation.(Case of Study National Iranian Oil Company)
Amin Dastpak Mostafa Mobaleghi

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of international entrepreneurship orientation on international performance, considering the role of mediating network capability, competitive strategy and international market orientation. The present study is of a pra More

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of international entrepreneurship orientation on international performance, considering the role of mediating network capability, competitive strategy and international market orientation. The present study is of a practical nature and because of the fact that it analyzes the status quo, the method used in this research is analytical-survey. The surveyed community is Iran's oil and gas company managers and staff, with 460 employees. According to the limited number of employees, 210 people were randomly selected from Cochran formula and a questionnaire was distributed among these people. For collecting data on theoretical foundations and extracting factors and indicators, library and internet resources including books, articles, and case studies were used. In inferential statistics, the indicators were first determined and extracted according to the dimensions. After checking the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the data were normalized using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Then, using the Structural Equation Modeling Test and Lisrel software, we analyzed the hypotheses. Based on the results, all assumptions were accepted. Manuscript profile

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519 - Title (English):The Effect of Prospectors and Defenders Strategy on financial distress in Firms Enlisted in Tehran Stock Exchange
najaf najafi Sedighe Tootiyan Esfehani,

Abstract: The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of futuristic and defensive strategy on financial helplessness in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, measuring business strategy from the mixed scoring method is done by More

Abstract: The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of futuristic and defensive strategy on financial helplessness in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, measuring business strategy from the mixed scoring method is done by Milz and Snow (2003) and so on to measure financial helplessness is used from Altam justified method. The statistical population of the study includes 131 companies and the study period covers the years from 1389 to 1396. The combined data method and the generalized least squares have been used by analyzing the information. The research show that there is a positive and significant relationship between business strategy and financial helplessness, In other words, in futures companies, financial helplessness is higher, and in companies with a defensive strategy, it decreases. In connection with control variables, the findings showed that the size of the board, financial leverage, company size, company age and loss this year with financial helplessness, there is a meaningful positive relationship and there is a negative and significant relationship between the independence of the board of directors, institutional ownership, the ratio of cash and the current ratio to financial helplessness. Manuscript profile

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520 - Investigating the Relationship between Factors Affecting Organizational Entrepreneurship Strategy (Case Study: Companies Covered by Iran Mines and Minerals Development and Renovation Organization)
abbas ziaeikia Ali jahangiri javad mehrabi Ali Davari

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between factors affecting entrepreneurship strategy. The present study is of developmental and applied purpose and is a descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this resea More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between factors affecting entrepreneurship strategy. The present study is of developmental and applied purpose and is a descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research consisted of affiliated companies of Iran Mineral Development and Renovation Organization (Imidro) and sampling method in this research was 36 of them. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated 0.71 by Cronbach's alpha. SPSS software was used for analysis and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to evaluate the construct validity of the measuring instruments using PLS software. The results showed that out of 13 relationships, 9 were confirmed. And all relationships have a positive direction. (P <0.05). The findings show that the independent variable of external stimuli is not directly influenced by individual and organizational outcomes, but has been able to have a significant effect on strategic perspective and entrepreneurial orientation and behavior. The independent variable of entrepreneurial cognition influences individual and organizational outcomes And it has a significant impact on strategic vision, organizational architecture and entrepreneurial orientation and behavior. Of the three intermediate dependent variables (Strategic Perspective, Organizational Architecture and Entrepreneurial Behavior and Behavior), the two variables of Organizational Architecture and Entrepreneurial Behavior and Behavior affect Individual and Organizational Outcomes (P <0.05) and Strategic Perspective on Individual and Organizational Outcomes. It has been ineffective The strategic perspective has a positive impact on organizational architecture, which means that the strategic perspective indirectly influences the results. These are indicative of the fact that in the structure of the firms under study, corporate strategies are not embedded in the concept of organizational entrepreneurship. The second point that emerges from this research is that entrepreneurial culture does not exist in companies and if it is the case, individually or individually, that entrepreneurial activity is undertaken independently, it is spontaneous. Another issue we have come up with as a result of this research, and perhaps the root of many of the problems and failures of recent years in companies that are state-owned or state-owned or all of their stocks, is that despite the fact that Managers and executives seem to agree with entrepreneurial and innovative activities, but this is still a slogan and in practice they do not believe in entrepreneurship and so on. Manuscript profile

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521 - Identifying and Ranking Business and Information Technology Alignment Challenges: A Strategy for Strategic Alignment (Case Study: Southern Steel Company)
Faramarz Khaleghi Mohammad Ebrahim Mohammadpoor Zarandi

Abstract:The purpose of the present study was to identify and rank business alignment challenges with Information Technology: a strategy for strategic alignment. Statistical population consisted of ten managers and experts of South Steel Company regarding strategic plan More

Abstract:The purpose of the present study was to identify and rank business alignment challenges with Information Technology: a strategy for strategic alignment. Statistical population consisted of ten managers and experts of South Steel Company regarding strategic planning and information technologies. A paired comparisons questionnaire was used to collect and to gathering the data, which included six business alignment challenges with information technology (IT) . Hierarchical analysis process was used to analyze the data.The results showed that lack of facilities for performing activities of relative weight (0.308), Lack of board support and relative weight (0.254), Lack of a separate unit for enterprise-wide planning with relative weight (0.163), Lack of appropriate Information Technology (IT) skills and strategies with relative weight (0.134). Failure to evaluate organization readiness with relative weight (0.081). And not using information technology (IT) to gain strategic competitive advantage with a relative weight (.053) ranks first to sixth. Manuscript profile

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522 - Investigation and Identification the action factors for developing the Blue Ocean Strategy in Iran's distribution Industry, Using Marketing Mix of Service (8P) and , Four Actions Framework
Morteza farahnak Maryam DaneshmandMehr

Objective of this work is to Identification investigation of action factors for developing the Oceanic Strategy in Iran's distribution Industry Using Marketing Mix of Service (8P) and Four Actions Framework. Given that the distribution industry is a service activity. Of More

Objective of this work is to Identification investigation of action factors for developing the Oceanic Strategy in Iran's distribution Industry Using Marketing Mix of Service (8P) and Four Actions Framework. Given that the distribution industry is a service activity. Of the elements service marketing were used as basic indicators of the industry. A questionnaire has been made, distinguishing 34 item Related to this industry with comments and interviews with some professors and distributing industry managers and 162 questionnaires were diffusion among industry activists and Data were analyzed using SPSS software for the mean of each index and it was ranked according to the score.The results obtained showed that the Four Actions Framework tool (Eliminate, Reduce, Increase and creation) can have a significant impact on appropriate resource allocation and the determination of important indicators. Overall, the most effective product index and most important items were identified as product quality, online feedback system, cost and waste reduction and product basket variety. Manuscript profile

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523 - Evaluate Strategic Criteria of Digital Banking Implementation Using Integration of Interpretive Structural Modeling and Fuzzy DEMATEL Approaches
davod khosroanjom behzad keshanchi amir pourgholi shovaneh abdoullahi

Digital banking and identifying the requirements to move from the current situation to the desired situation require a set of business changes in the areas of activities, processes, capabilities and business models. Digital strategy is a way for banks to be able to adap More

Digital banking and identifying the requirements to move from the current situation to the desired situation require a set of business changes in the areas of activities, processes, capabilities and business models. Digital strategy is a way for banks to be able to adapt to digital transformation and ensure their survival from the opportunities of technology development. Reconstruction of the banking system through the use of new technology-based strategies and migration to digital banking is one of the main concerns of the banking industry. Therefore, in this study, strategic criteria of digital banking implementation were analyzed through separate questionnaires and opinion polls from 10 banking industry experts. The purpose of this study is to use soft operation research approaches, namely, Interpretive Structural Modeling, to structure the relationships between the strategic indicators of digital banking implementation and the application of Fuzzy DEMATEL to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the criteria. The results showed that the “Business Process Strategy” criterion is the basis for the implementation of digital banking and the “Content Strategy” criterion had the highest interaction and dependency with other criteria. Manuscript profile

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524 - Investigating the Impact of Using Blue Ocean Strategy with Strategic Thinking Approach on Commercializing Innovative Production and Systematic Innovative
abas nikzad mohammadreza kabaranzad ghadim

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of using the Blue Ocean strategy on commercialization of production while using innovative production and systematic innovative production in Kaleh Amol Company. The research method is correlational. 89 experts More

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of using the Blue Ocean strategy on commercialization of production while using innovative production and systematic innovative production in Kaleh Amol Company. The research method is correlational. 89 experts of Kaleh Amol Dairy Products Company were selected as a statistical sample based on simple random sampling method using Karajsi and Morgan table. To collect data, there are four standard questionnaires, including the Kim and Maboren Blue Ocean Strategy (with a validity of 0.91), the David and North Production Commercialization Questionnaire (with a validity of 0.89), the Yadollahi Farsi Innovative Production Questionnaire, and Kalati (with validity). 0.87) and the Questionnaire for Systematic Innovative Production of David and North (0.96) were used. The research findings show that the use of the Blue Ocean strategy has a positive effect on the commercialization of innovative production and production, but the effect of using the Blue Ocean strategy on systematic innovative production has not been confirmed. It has also been shown that innovative production has a positive effect on systematic innovative production and systematic innovative production on commercialization of production. Manuscript profile

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525 - Designing a model of organizational excellence in Iranian sports(a case study of the volleyball federation of the Islamic republic of Iran.
sayyed mohammad tavassoli mohammadreza esmaeili Hamid Foroghipoor

the purpose of this study is to present a model of organizational excellence in the volleyball federation of the Islamic republic of iran.the present study is paradigmatic in terms of the type of pragmatism researc in terms of the rese arch approach mixedh from the stra More

the purpose of this study is to present a model of organizational excellence in the volleyball federation of the Islamic republic of iran.the present study is paradigmatic in terms of the type of pragmatism researc in terms of the rese arch approach mixedh from the strategic of view in the first part of the hidden content analysis and in the guan titative part of the descviptive -survey.the sampleof research in the first part were 15 experts in the field of organizational excellence and sports management and the second part were employees coaches and referees of the volleyball federation of the eslamic republic of iran. after analyzing the content of the basics and models of organizational excellence in from of closed and open guestionnaire the researcher placed the in dicators and organizational ex cellen of the organization in the form of fuzzy delphimethod.the purpost of this stady is to present a model.... Manuscript profile

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526 - The Effect of Ethical Marketing on Brand Credit: Mediating a Service Recovery Strategy
Behrooz Eskandarpoor Babak Heydari Iraqi somayeh saebnia

In addition to their medical mission, pharmaceutical companies must perform their duties well in the field of ethical marketing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of ethical marketing on brand credibility with regard to the mediating role of servic More

In addition to their medical mission, pharmaceutical companies must perform their duties well in the field of ethical marketing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of ethical marketing on brand credibility with regard to the mediating role of service Service Recovery Strategy. The sample consisted of 235 people who were selected by stratified random sampling based on the Hooman method. Data were collected through standard ethical marketing questionnaires, brand restoration strategies, and brand validity. Cronbach's Approval Data analysis was performed in SPSS and Amos software environments. Model adequacy results for the path analysis method with RMSEA 0.068 after model fit indicated that the model fit for this study. Results showed that based on the figures for elongation and skewness, the data have normal distribution. Morality has a positive and significant impact on brand reputation, and the service Service Recovery Strategy mediates this relationship. Ethical marketing also had a significant and positive impact on the resuscitation strategy. And the strategy of revitalizing services had a positive and significant impact on brand reputation Manuscript profile

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527 - Studying the level of impact of factors affecting the implementation of human resources strategies
AMIR MASOUD KAROUBI NASER POUR SADEGH Jamshid Salehi Sedghiani Behrouz Rezaie Manesh

Efficiency and effectiveness of each organization depends on the management and efficient use of human resources. The alignment and linking of the strategies and contributions of the managers of different spheres of human resources with the top management of the organiz More

Efficiency and effectiveness of each organization depends on the management and efficient use of human resources. The alignment and linking of the strategies and contributions of the managers of different spheres of human resources with the top management of the organization, has the development of human resources that Needs the implementation of planning for human resources development, the main problem in this study is the impact of factors that cause the gap between formulation and flow of strategies.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of factors affecting the current hr strategy. The statistical population consists of 990 experts, senior experts, supervisors, and managers of Tehran Municipality and certain governmental entities, and finally 277 questionnaires are reviewed. The hypothesis of the study is tested through smart.PLS software program. The results of the findings indicate that the amount of GOF index equals 0.579 which is a proof for the high quality of the model. All variables identified in the model were significant and the relationships between the variables in the model were significant and the variables considered in each part were significant. Manuscript profile

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528 - An exploration of the components and indicators of of knowledge-based staffing strategy in the banking sector in the public sector using the Rajan evaluation model
fereshteh eftekharnejad majid jahangirfard Ali Ali Mehdi zade Ashrafi torag mojibi

An exploration of the components and indicators of of knowledge-based staffing strategy in the banking sector in the public sector using the Rajan evaluation model The present study aimed to identify and explain the components and indicators of knowledge-based staffing More

An exploration of the components and indicators of of knowledge-based staffing strategy in the banking sector in the public sector using the Rajan evaluation model The present study aimed to identify and explain the components and indicators of knowledge-based staffing strategy in the banking industry in the public sector. First,according to the theoretical literature , the components of staffing strategy and knowledge management was extracted, and in the next part, through Delphi method and interviews with 15 human resource management experts in Bank Mellat, using a semi-structured questionnaire , components and indicators of Knowledge-based staffing strategy were determined.After designing the pairwise comparison questionnaire, the opinions of human resources experts were collected and the components and indicators were weighted and ranked. Findings showed that to design a model of knowledge-based power supply strategy, a total of 3 key components in the field of knowledge management, which are: structural context, value context and behavioral context, should be considered by considering 15 indicators. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

529 - The Effect of Financial Reporting Quality on Relationship between Short-term institutional Shareholders and Business Strategies
HamidReza Mehravar Negar khosravipour zahra Lashgari

Institutional investors have a sufficient incentive to encourage managers to improve the quality of financial reporting and disclosure and to monitor manager's behavior. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality of financial reporting, investment horizon a More

Institutional investors have a sufficient incentive to encourage managers to improve the quality of financial reporting and disclosure and to monitor manager's behavior. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality of financial reporting, investment horizon and trading strategy of institutional investors of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research has been conducted in 135 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange that have been selected based on the systematic elimination method. Also, this research has been done based on the information contained in the financial reports of companies in the period of 2009 to 2018. The method used is regression based on panel data. The results of the study regression model showed that the quality of financial reporting has a significant and positive effect on the relationship between short-term institutional investors and trading strategy but short-term institutional shareholders are temporary investors pay more attention to current earnings in determining stock prices than to encourage managers to improve the quality of financial reporting and disclosure. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

530 - The Effects Of Corporate Accountability , Customer-oriented And Innovativeness Strategy On Marketing Information System In Service-oriented Companies
Atiyeh Khojasteh Khosro Ehsaneh Nejad Mohammad Nosratolah Shadnoush

AbstractBackground: Accountability is what people expect from organizations and it is seen as a tool to control power and get things done betterObjective: To investigate the effect of the role of organizational accountability, customer orientation and innovation strateg More

AbstractBackground: Accountability is what people expect from organizations and it is seen as a tool to control power and get things done betterObjective: To investigate the effect of the role of organizational accountability, customer orientation and innovation strategy on marketing information system in service-oriented companies Method: Present study is practical and has descriptive-correlational nature.data collection tools;Survey analysis was conducted in this study Results: The results of hypothesis testing showed that the variables of organizational accountability, innovation in products and services of the company and customer orientation have a significant and positive effect on the variable of marketing information system Conclusion:The significant impact of organizational accountability variable makes executives take responsibility for what they do and the services they provide, ensure the quality of their work, and always seek to improve their functions, missions and work.Keywords: Organizational Accountability, Customer Orientation, Innovation Strategy, Marketing Information System . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

531 - The Relationship Between High of a Stock Price and Its Return Under Different Stock Market Index Levels in Listed Companies
Mohsen Dastgir Mohammad Kazemi

The aim of this study investigated the relationship between the 52 week high of a stock price and its return under different stock market index levels. In addition In this study the relationship between short-term trend of more including 5-day high, 20-day high, and 60- More

The aim of this study investigated the relationship between the 52 week high of a stock price and its return under different stock market index levels. In addition In this study the relationship between short-term trend of more including 5-day high, 20-day high, and 60-day high are considered under different stock market index levels. For statistical sampling method systematically removed, the sample includes 22 companies accepted The Tehran Stock Exchange was ed and Evaluated. and In order to analyze the data and test the hypotheses Research of regression with the Combined data used is. The results test the hypotheses Research Shows the a stronger positive relationship between 52-week high and return the stock index is greater than the 52-week average, as a weaker positive relationship between 52-week high and return Exists the stock market index is below the 52-week average. Despite the positive relationship between 52-week high and return, This ratio can be used to predict future stock returns. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

532 - The Effect of Risk Management on the Relationship between Market Orientation Strategy and Entrepreneurial Orientation Strategy with Company Risk
Seyed Reza Hosseini Kaveh Azinfar iman dadashi Reza Fallah

10.30495/faar.2022.698384

AbstractIn the science of management and accounting, there is a principle that in the culture of investment, capital is free from risk and tends towards yield and profit. Therefore, according to the importance of investing in companies, in the current research, the mode More

AbstractIn the science of management and accounting, there is a principle that in the culture of investment, capital is free from risk and tends towards yield and profit. Therefore, according to the importance of investing in companies, in the current research, the moderating effect of risk management on the relationship between market orientation strategies and entrepreneurship of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange has been investigated. The statistical population of this research includes all the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange, which were analyzed using the systematic elimination sampling method of 127 companies. and were analyzed. To check the hypothesis, multivariate regression models and panel data method (fixed effects) were used using Eviews10 software. The findings of this study about the results of the first hypothesis show that risk management has a positive effect on the relationship between market orientation strategy with unsystematic risk and abnormal returns, but it has a moderating effect on the relationship between market orientation strategy and risk. It is not systematic. The results regarding the second hypothesis also indicate the impact of risk management on the relationship between the strategy of entrepreneurship with systematic risk, systematic risk of failure and abnormal returns, and this impact was positive. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

533 - Information Distribution Pricing Modeling Based on Financing Constraints, Business Strategy and Corporate Governance with Structural Equation Approach
محمود نوذر پور امیررضا کیقبادی

The flow of information in the market environment affects the behavior of market participants. It is natural for market participants to have a different share of this information flow. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of financial constraints, bu More

The flow of information in the market environment affects the behavior of market participants. It is natural for market participants to have a different share of this information flow. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of financial constraints, business strategies and corporate governance on the value of information and changes in the distribution of accounting information.In order to investigate the subject of the study, after extracting data related to companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, the composite data regression model has been used to test the research hypotheses. Information asymmetry pricing decreases in the face of high financial constraints. It is also lower at higher levels of corporate governance. On the other hand, pricing information asymmetry is higher at levels with bold strategy. Financial constraints lead to differences in the cost of capital between companies with high information asymmetry and companies with low information asymmetry. , Pursuing a market-based and innovative strategy requires investing in several new technologies to design products and explore new markets. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

534 - Managers Narcissism, Leadership Styles Choices in Accounting
Saeed Farokh Azita Jahanshad

10.30495/faar.2022.698387

Abstract Some studies have shown that managers' narcissism can affect the choice of leadership styles in accounting (including management, social responsibility, financial reporting quality, etc.). Since no study has been done to evaluate the impact of managers' narcis More

Abstract Some studies have shown that managers' narcissism can affect the choice of leadership styles in accounting (including management, social responsibility, financial reporting quality, etc.). Since no study has been done to evaluate the impact of managers' narcissism on leadership styles in accounting, present study intends to examine this issue; therefore, the present study evaluates the relationships between managers' narcissism, selection of leadership styles in accounting. The statistical population of this study includes managers of companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Because access to all members of the statistical community was not possible, the available sampling method was used. Therefore, the questionnaires were distributed among individuals and a total of 150 completed questionnaires were collected. Data analysis was performed using structural equations and with the help of LISREL software.  The findings of the research showed that managers' narcissism had a greater impact on the transformational leadership style in accounting than the practical one. In addition, managers narcissism affect on practical leadership style and transformational leadership style in determining companies business strategy, social responsibility , profit management and financial reporting quality. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

535 - Dynamic Behavior Improvement of Control System in Inverter-Based Island Microgrid by Adding a Mixed Virtual Impedance Loop to Voltage Control Loop
Saeid Farhang Ghazanfar Shahgholian Bahador Fani

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Open Access Article

536 - Optimal Bidding Strategies of GENCOs in Day-Ahead Energy and Spinning Reserve Markets Based on Hybrid GA-Heuristic Optimization Algorithm
Mohammad Esmaeil Nazari Morteza Mohammad Ardehali

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Open Access Article

537 - Probabilistic GENCOs Bidding Strategy in Restructured Two-Side Auction Power Markets
Morteza Aien Aahmud Fotuhi-Firuzabad

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Open Access Article

538 - Design and Implementation of the Predictive Current Control Strategy in the Single Phase Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Inverter Based on Microcontroller
Hamed Javaheri Fard Hamid Reza Najafi Hossein Eliasi

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Open Access Article

539 - Bidding Strategy on Demand Side Using Eligibility Traces Algorithm
Seyed Mohammad Ali Naseri Gavareshk Somayeh Hasanpour Darban Amin Noori Mahdi Besharatifar

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Open Access Article

540 - Russia and the new security system in the Persian Gulf; Approach and strategy
Aref Bijan

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Open Access Article

541 - The Impact of Using Dimensionality Trading Strategies on Forecasting the Daily Stock Returns of the Panel Data Method.
Ehteram Rahdarpoor heshmatolah asgari

Earnings forecasting systems provide timely decisions by providing timely information. Earnings forecasting by management is widely used in assessing profitability, profit-related risk, stock price judgments, and valuation models (Manfred & Inky, 2014). Our purpose More

Earnings forecasting systems provide timely decisions by providing timely information. Earnings forecasting by management is widely used in assessing profitability, profit-related risk, stock price judgments, and valuation models (Manfred & Inky, 2014). Our purpose in this study is to investigate and investigate the impact of dimensionality trading strategies on predicting daily stock market returns by the fuzzy logic approach of firms. This study is a library-analytic-causal study based on panel data analysis (panel data). In this study, the financial information of 19 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2011-2018 was reviewed. The results showed that using stock trading strategy and stock price reduction strategy have significant effect on prediction of daily stock market returns, but trading volume reduction strategy has no significant effect on market forecasting. I hope to accept my article. I suggest the editor remove this restriction on the number of words used in the abstract for the English text. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

542 - The Impact of Business Strategy and Corporate Governance on Intellectual Capital Disclosure in Selected Companies of Tehran Stock Exchange Using the panel data model
amirreza keyghobadi marjan damankeshideh

Today, because of the increasing competition in the global market, organizations need to change their product assets or create new products, business tactics and upgrades. The success of an organization in developing new products depends on the development of capabiliti More

Today, because of the increasing competition in the global market, organizations need to change their product assets or create new products, business tactics and upgrades. The success of an organization in developing new products depends on the development of capabilities and relationships that are unique to the organization and secure in the medium to long term. On the other hand, a new product is a combination of its benefits, functions and characteristics from the customer's perspective (customer capital) and also requires the knowledge, skills, abilities and experiences of the employees (human capital) and the effective process and system for managing the flow of materials, Information and communication (structural capital).The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between business strategy and intellectual capital disclosure with the influence of Tehran corporate governance. The statistical population of the present study was selected companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 1391-1396 and model estimation using panel data model, the companies surveyed. The model estimation results show that business strategy and corporate governance on the disclosure of intellectual capital in the selected research firms in the 95% confidence interval is statistically significant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

543 - Explain the moderating role of the investment horizon on excess returns from Implementation of the Momentum& Contrarian strategy changing in stock price volatilities
Mohammad ali Sadeghi lafmejani javad ramezani mehdi khalilpour

Momentum& Contrarian trading strategies used to exploit the serial correlations of market yields and securities fall under financial exceptions and capital market irregularities. In this strategy, incremental returns can be achieved by buying past winning stocks and More

Momentum& Contrarian trading strategies used to exploit the serial correlations of market yields and securities fall under financial exceptions and capital market irregularities. In this strategy, incremental returns can be achieved by buying past winning stocks and selling past losing stocks. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to explain the moderating role of the investment horizon on the additional returns resulting from the use of accelerated-reverse strategies in Tehran Stock Exchange price Explain the moderating role of the investment horizon on excess returns from Implementation of the Momentum& Contrarian strategy changing in stock price volatilities. The hypothesis testing in the present study was performed using multivariate linear regression model and econometric modeling. In examining the moderating effect of investment horizons on the above relationship, it was also found that despite the unexpected effect of the surplus resulting from the change in strategy on the stock price fluctuations, the investment horizon parameter on the additional return relationship derived from the use of strategies Momentum& Contrarian of stock price fluctuations have no significant effect. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

544 - Model for the effective implementation of technological venture capital strategy (Case Study; Future Bank)
AbdolMajid SaadatNezhad Tahmoures Sohrabi Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy Nosratollah ShadNoush

Unlike strategy formulation and monitoring models, which are often general applicable to different industries, strategy implementation models are always a function of the specific characteristics of each firm, so in this study, the researcher seeks to design a native mo More

Unlike strategy formulation and monitoring models, which are often general applicable to different industries, strategy implementation models are always a function of the specific characteristics of each firm, so in this study, the researcher seeks to design a native model for one of the bank's functional strategies in the area of financing technological venture capital strategy. The present study is a descriptive study using qualitative-quantitative mixed methods.Using exploratory factor analysis(EFA), the identified factors were prioritized in previous research and then the final relationships were identified using structural equation modeling(SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis(CFA).In order to investigate the changes of factors and their impact on the effectiveness of the research model, a system dynamics approach was used. Then, by setting up an interview protocol with 12 experts, the effectiveness of the strategy's implementation as a dependent variable was evaluated and analyzed in the synergy sessions by the effect of changes in factors and sub-components in different scenarios.Factors Evaluating venture capital Plans, Business and Operational Characteristics of Investment Plans, Entrepreneurial Factors, and venture capital Subcomponents are important factors and sub-components of the model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

545 - Optimal Portfolio Diversification Strategy Using WCVaR Risk Criteria and Its Comparison with Monte Carlo Method
Mohammad reza Haddadi seyed parviz jalili kamju sara goodarzi dahrizi

Choosing an optimal portfolio is one of the main goals of financial management. The initial strategy is to zero the risk of non-systematic risk by diversification in the optimal portfolio. In this research, WCVaR applied model and linear programming method for stock mar More

Choosing an optimal portfolio is one of the main goals of financial management. The initial strategy is to zero the risk of non-systematic risk by diversification in the optimal portfolio. In this research, WCVaR applied model and linear programming method for stock market risk measurement and selection of a weight optimized portfolio were used. WCVaR is one of the newest risk measurements and covers the defects of the VaR and CVaR models. This research 11-year period information (1387 -1397) was used from actual data of 10 different companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. This research uses data from ten companies accepted in TESM during the period of 1397-1387. The results of model estimation using the linear programming method in Matlab software showed that changing the benchmark optimization would lead to a change in the weight of the basket stock and change the strategy of diversification in the optimal portfolio. The results of estimating the model using the linear programming method showed that changing the optimization criterion will lead to a change in the stock weight of the portfolio and a change in the diversification strategy in the optimal stock portfolio. Among the 44 baskets with different weights, the most optimal Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

546 - Analysis of Cost and Asset Retrenchment Strategy on Corporates’ Financial Turnaround: Rent Creation Theory and System Dynamics Modeling
Mostafa Beheshti Seresht Mohammad Ali Dehghan Dehnavi Ali Naghi Mashayekhi Meysam Amiry

Cost and asset retrenchment strategy is one of the most common financial turnaround strategies followed by the firms facing performance decline and financial difficulties. In cost retrenchment, the main goal is to improve liquidity by reducing the cash outflow rate. In More

Cost and asset retrenchment strategy is one of the most common financial turnaround strategies followed by the firms facing performance decline and financial difficulties. In cost retrenchment, the main goal is to improve liquidity by reducing the cash outflow rate. In asset retrenchment, the first goal is to increase productivity through redeployment of assets and the second goal is to finance through the divestment of low-yield assets. Although this strategy has been considered by many researchers as a necessary and effective strategy in financial turnaround of the firms, the results of several empirical studies have shown in some cases this strategy is the cause of further decline and a barrier to financial turnaround. In this paper, we intend to show how the cost and asset retrenchment strategy affects Schumpeterian and Ricardian rent creation mechanisms in the firm, and to find the conditions under which it improves or deteriorates the effectiveness of financial turnaround, using the system dynamics modeling method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

547 - Strategy of Data Foundation Theory Method with Coding Method and Paradigm Model of Strauss and Corbin to Provide a Model for Accelerating the Cooperation of Macro-Corporate with Micro-Businesses
Vahid Bekhradi Nasab

Micro-Businesses have resources constraints to start and develop a business and need access to resources beyond the business boundaries through relationships with Macro-Corporate. Macro-Corporate face a lack of flexibility despite access to financial resources. The solu More

Micro-Businesses have resources constraints to start and develop a business and need access to resources beyond the business boundaries through relationships with Macro-Corporate. Macro-Corporate face a lack of flexibility despite access to financial resources. The solution to this problem is to use the capacity of development intermediary organizations. Accordingly, the present study has presented a model for accelerating the cooperation of Macro-Corporate with Micro-Businesses. The research method is based on the strategy of data foundation theory method with coding method and paradigm model of strauss and corbin. The statistical population of the research is business development experts and the sample of targeted research by snowball method includes 12managers, experts, professors aware of business development in the period of2021. The data collection tool was a structured interview and the focus group continued with the subject matter experts until the theoretical level was reached. The results showed that the basic category of cooperation in the pre-acceleration phase, the agile environment of cooperation in the acceleration phase and the gradual partnership of cooperation in the post-acceleration phase on the cooperation of Macro-Corporate with businesses. Wisdom has a significant effect. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

548 - Measuring cost strategies, cost, cash and inventory based on consistent decisions in industry group companies
mahmoud kochakzadeh tahamtan Frydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti HAMIDREZA KORDLOUIE shadi shahverdiani maziar ghasemi

Organizations have been placed in a complex economic, technological, political and social environment and grow along with other businesses by trying to achieve their strategic goals. What is considered as one of the main components in business continuity is creating and More

Organizations have been placed in a complex economic, technological, political and social environment and grow along with other businesses by trying to achieve their strategic goals. What is considered as one of the main components in business continuity is creating and maintaining the company's competitive advantage. This research measures expenses, actual cost, cash, and inventory strategies based on consistent decisions in industry group companies.In this research cost strategies, actual cost, cash and inventory have been measured based on similar decisions in industry group companies, among 114 companies accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange and for the period 2014-2019, with a total of 624 observations are Available for research. In this research, variables were identified by using interviews with experts. The statistical method used in this research is the multivariate regression method using the panel data method. The results of research hypotheses show that the strategies of inventory, cost, cash and expenses in each company are significantly influenced by similar strategies of peer companies in their industry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

549 - Enhancing momentum investment strategy: using leverage, over-leverage and under-leverage and asset growth rate
davood shahbazi Ahmad Yaghoobnezhad Gholamreza Zomorodian Mahdi Madanchi Zaj Shadi Shahverdiani

Investment decisions are examined based on financial concepts that are based on the efficient market hypothesis. Considering the confirmation of the complete inefficiency of Iran's capital market, there is an expectation of obtaining more returns. In this research, we s More

Investment decisions are examined based on financial concepts that are based on the efficient market hypothesis. Considering the confirmation of the complete inefficiency of Iran's capital market, there is an expectation of obtaining more returns. In this research, we seek to introduce investment portfolios based on the momentum investment strategy (which has been confirmed in various studies) and its combination with other factors affecting the company's value and profitability. Based on this, 119 companies were investigated in the period of 1388 to 1400 in three short-term periods of three and six months and medium-term of one year. According to the findings, the average returns obtained from the formation of different combined portfolios are positive in all periods and the returns of the combined portfolios are higher than the single-criteria portfolios. The investment strategy based on the asset growth rate and momentum in the short-term periods of three and six months and the medium-term of one year has the highest average return, then the strategy based on over-leverage and under-leverage and momentum and finally the strategy based on leverage Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

550 - Relationship between financial strategies and corporate governance on the behavior of stockholders' tunnels on the performance of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange
Alireza Amirkabiri Hossein Gharehbiglo behjat abchar

The next financial strategy is the strategy of the company that determines the nature and direction of the organization's finances. The ultimate goal of each trading company is to increase the shareholder's wealth, and desirable performance will increase the value of th More

The next financial strategy is the strategy of the company that determines the nature and direction of the organization's finances. The ultimate goal of each trading company is to increase the shareholder's wealth, and desirable performance will increase the value of the company and ultimately increase the shareholder's wealth. Companies can not achieve their goals without having the right strategy, and strategy development results from the evaluation of performance from a variety of dimensions. The dimensions of corporate governance (adequacy and ability) are a set of internal and external control mechanisms that establish the right balance between equity on the one hand and the needs and authority of the board of directors on the other. The results-based research, A development based on purpose, descriptive-explanatory and method-based, is therefore an event. The statistical population of this research is pharmaceutical companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange which 25 companies were selected by judgment method. The data gathering tool is an analysis of audited financial statements of corporations, and T, Loonce, Kolmogroft-Smirnov and Uonom-Whitney tests, Chow and Hausman tests and regression models have been used. The results show that there is a higher and more significant difference between tuneal behavior of stockholders on firm performance (average return on equity, return on equity, Qobin ratio, and margin of profit) with a coherent financial strategy with corporate governance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

551 - Prospector and Defender Business strategy, Information Asymmetry, and Stock Price Crash
Zohreh Hajiha

Firms must follow a business strategy for success in the competition. There are two proposed strategies of Prospector and Defender firms. Defenders aims in decreasing costs and prices, however, prospectors conduct innovation and high level of R&D expenditures and tr More

Firms must follow a business strategy for success in the competition. There are two proposed strategies of Prospector and Defender firms. Defenders aims in decreasing costs and prices, however, prospectors conduct innovation and high level of R&D expenditures and try to differentiate their product from competitors. But this approach increase future Stock Price Crash, because one of causes can lead the firm to crash risk is bad news hoarding within the firm. With issuing the bad news, stock price experiences crash suddenly.  This paper examines empirically the effect of firm-level business strategies on future stock price crash risk. In the mean time, it is expected in the higher asymmetry information condition, prospect strategy increase crash risk more. To achieve the research’s goals, we selected 117 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange as a sample during 2011-2015. To examine research hypotheses we employed multivariate regression with panel data. The finding indicate prospect strategy increase crash risk, however, defend strategy will decrease it. We also found that in the higher asymmetry information condition, prospectors are more prone to increases future crash risk. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

552 - The Effect of Corporate Strategies on the Market Response to Earnings Announcements of Listed Companies of Tehran Stock and Exchange
mohammadali Mirzaei Emamchay fatemeh samadi MASOMEH LATIFINENMARAN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of corporate strategies on the market response to earnings announcements of listed companies of Tehran stock and exchange .The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of corporate strategies on the market response to More

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of corporate strategies on the market response to earnings announcements of listed companies of Tehran stock and exchange .The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of corporate strategies on the market response to earnings announcements of listed companies of Tehran stock and exchange. This study was a descriptive-correlation and an applied research . The statistical l population of research consists of all companies listed in Tehran stock exchange market during 2010 to 2015 that a number of 118 companies were active in this period . Data of research was extracted from financial reports of companies and analyzed by regression models in panel data method . Findings showed that implementing the strategy of differentiation in products has direct effect on the market reaction to earnings announcements . Also the findings showed that increasing the level of cost leadership strategy, the market reaction to earnings announcement will increase. Manuscript profile

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553 - Evaluation of Determining Parameters in Iran Stock Market
Atena Kebryaie Abdolmajid Dehghan

Developing and growing markets and financial tools, markets financial complexity and specialization of investment, made investors and financial markets employees to have tools, methods and modes to help them choose the best way of investment. Momentum method is bas More

Developing and growing markets and financial tools, markets financial complexity and specialization of investment, made investors and financial markets employees to have tools, methods and modes to help them choose the best way of investment. Momentum method is based on company profit movement assessment (rate tenor and amount of profit movement). Momentum has multifarious essence and it has traditionally relation with physical condition. This method acclaims that, market will response to all of profit movement, specially by buying or selling stock at best time. It also suggests that the growing profit will continue steady in the future. At this survey, we tried to study and define the determinant elements of momentum stock prices in Iran. Therefore, companies profit investments in stock markets has been evaluated. At this study, profit of Trades methods has been assessed according to current and last inputs and prices. We also tried to explain more about these standards and to explain, if we can explain the increase of stock input by this method or not?  The findings of this study revealed that trade methods based on stock price momentum are the main effective things. So, momentum strategy trade could be a great statistic for stock price. The findings determined that coefficient variant of stock price was 0/00171 and it revealed the negative effect of coefficient variant on momentum strategy. According to T statistic, the coefficient variant of stock is certainly 95%, there is also a great and meaningful relation between momentum strategy trade and input, on the other hand, by applying momentum strategy trade, stock input will be increased. Finally, by proving amount of trades and stock input relation by momentum strategy, the lookout of investors and beneficiaries to financial market and structures will be cleared. Manuscript profile

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554 - IDENTIFICATION AND PRIORITIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES IN THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY (A CASE STUDY OF ASIA INSURANCE)
Mahdiyeh Mirzajani Amir Ashkan Nasiripour

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555 - DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE PATIENT SATISFACTION IN A HOSPITAL SETTING
L. Sadeghi A. A. Nasiripour

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556 - Identification of Learning Strategies from a Metacognitive Perspective and Investigating its Effect on Academic Self-efficacy: Procrastination and Academic Burnout of Male Senior High School Students during the Pandemic
Ali Yeganeh Pishkenari Alireza assareh Maryam Safarnavadeh Mohammad Armand

10.30495/jcdepr.2023.708756

The purpose of the current research is to identify learning strategies from a metacognitive perspective and to investigate its effect on academic self-efficacy, procrastination and academic burnout of male students of the second year of high school in the period of Coro More

The purpose of the current research is to identify learning strategies from a metacognitive perspective and to investigate its effect on academic self-efficacy, procrastination and academic burnout of male students of the second year of high school in the period of Corona virus. The method of research was mixed (quantitative and qualitative) and of the type of multi-group pre-test and post-test (extended experiment). In the qualitative stage, the statistical population included teachers and principals of junior high schools of Rasht, and in the quantitative stage, the population included all male students of junior high schools in the second district of Rasht in the academic year of 1401-1400 (N=500). Two schools were selected from the mentioned population via multi-stage cluster sampling (after checking the homogeneity of the classes). Fifty individuals from two homogeneous classes were selected randomly selected and were randomly assigned as the experimental and control groups (each containing 25 people). It can be stated that according to the covariance value in the academic self-efficacy variable (sig=0.00, F=36.97), this variable is significant. Also, it can be stated that the experimental group had a significant change in academic procrastination compared to the control group under the influence of the intervention (analysis of covariance in the variable of academic procrastination (sig=0.00, F=25.71)) that is, the development of learning strategies from a meta-cognitive perspective is effective on the academic procrastination of male students. Also, according to the results obtained from the analysis of covariance in the variable of academic burnout, which is (sig=0.00, F=30.42), it can be claimed that the experimental group had a significant change in academic burnout compared to the control group under the influence of the intervention. Thus, formulating learning strategies from a metacognitive perspective is effective on the academic burnout of students. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

557 - Self-regulated learning in the classroom: A phenomenology of students' and teachers' experiences
Saeed Safdari

Metacognitive knowledge and cognitive strategies are considered important pillars of learning. Self-regulated learning, which is desired by many education experts, can be their result. Using qualitative approach and phenomenological method, the present research has soug More

Metacognitive knowledge and cognitive strategies are considered important pillars of learning. Self-regulated learning, which is desired by many education experts, can be their result. Using qualitative approach and phenomenological method, the present research has sought to explore the perceptions and experiences of students and teachers of self-regulated learning and the role of cognitive strategies and metacognitive knowledge in teaching and learning methods. Six teachers and 64 high school students participated in this study. The data were collected through observation and interview and then analyzed. The findings showed that the students found teaching strategies and goal oriented teaching very effective in their learning. But differences were also observed among students of different levels of ability in understanding and using self-regulation strategies. The results showed that teachers should coordinate the use and teaching of strategies with the level of knowledge and ability of students, and then proceed with its practical implementation by providing suitable preparations and modeling. It was also found that continuous practice and constant use of strategies play a very important role in strengthening them. Manuscript profile

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558 - Investigation of Advertisement Strategies Regarded to Iran's Pistachio
T. Sadeghi R. Sedaghat

10.22034/jon.2012.515717

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559 - Evaluating the Present Situation and Suggesting Appropriate Strategies forImproving the Efficiency of Pistachio Distribution Channels of Kerman Province Using SWOT Model
K. Ehsanpour T. Sadeghi R. Sedaghat

10.22034/jon.2013.515702

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560 - The Impact of Organizational Culture, Organizational Strategy and Technological Innovation on the Effectiveness of Electronic Customer Relationship Management Systems.
zeynab soltani nima Jafari navimipour

Electronic customer relationship management (E-CRM) is a strategy for marketing, sales and integration of online services that play an important role in identifying, acquiring and retaining customers, which is considered as the capital of the company. E-CRM relationship More

Electronic customer relationship management (E-CRM) is a strategy for marketing, sales and integration of online services that play an important role in identifying, acquiring and retaining customers, which is considered as the capital of the company. E-CRM relationship between the company and customers to create and enhance relationships with them through the use of modern technology to improve and increase. But the success of E-CRM is only through understanding the factors influencing the effectiveness and success of E-CRM can accessible. This study a model and framework to determine some critical factors of E-CRM is paid. Using structural equation model was tested with partial least squares. The results of the data collected from the 98 employees of the General Administration of Customs show the province of East Azerbaijan the impact of employee satisfaction on the performance of organizations and organizational culture, organizational strategy and innovation begins and the complementarity of these factors have a positive impact on the effectiveness of E-CRM systems. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

561 - The Model of Export Efficiency through New Entry Strategies Based on a Resource-Based View
Mojtaba Ramazani reza nasrollahi saeedlo

Providing and allocating the necessary resources from the managers to the export activities will provide significant assistance for the export program of the companies. The increase in profitability leads to improved productivity and brings about employment for the comm More

Providing and allocating the necessary resources from the managers to the export activities will provide significant assistance for the export program of the companies. The increase in profitability leads to improved productivity and brings about employment for the community. Therefore, it is necessary to pay close attention to domestic and environmental resources in the development of exports. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to develop a model of export-efficiency pathway through the strategies of entering new markets based on a resource-based view. This research was based on the purpose of the applied and based on the method of doing the descriptive work. The research sample consisted of 143 companies. In order to collect data in this research, a questionnaire and documents of companies have been used. The completed questionnaires were distributed among the statistical community after ensuring its validity and reliability. In order to analyze the data in this study, confirmatory factor analysis with varimax rotation, correlation coefficient and path analysis have been used. The results of the research show that the choice of input strategy on the export efficiency of the companies has had a positive and significant effect. Also, the results of the research show that the characteristics of the company and the product, the characteristics of the exporter market and the characteristics of the host market can affect the influence strategy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

562 - The Role of Entrepreneurship Strategies in Success of Small and Medium Businesses and Prioritization of Strategies by AHP
Aliakbar peyvasteh S Mohamad Manafi

Entrepreneur is multi dimensional and vague concept and understanding its role in growth process needs a specified framework.Because, there is many mediating variables to describe the style of effect on economic growth.Entrepreneur's strategy including 5 administrative More

Entrepreneur is multi dimensional and vague concept and understanding its role in growth process needs a specified framework.Because, there is many mediating variables to describe the style of effect on economic growth.Entrepreneur's strategy including 5 administrative strategy, realistic opportunity, imitative, adventitious and breeding.Economic development in developed countries shows this fact, the economy is affected by Entrepreneurship. So that Entrepreneur in the economic development of developing countries, have a central role. Abuot Entrepreneur and factors causing it asserts this point, that skills, education, innovation, competitiveness and etc, can be an important factor in the creation account. According the aim of research is determine the relationship between Entrepreneur strategies and success of small and medium businesses in Tabriz. The study population included all managers of small and medium businesses in the city of Tabriz, which according to their number of industry-mine and trade in an average equal to 5850. Sampling method in this research is simple random sampling and in order to determine the sample size of the table Krejcie and Morgan (1970) is used that is equal to 360. In this study to collect data to test the hypotheses of the questionnaire for searching the data normalization Kolmogrov-Smivnev test and for hypotheses, pearson correlation coefficient and T-test is used. Result of the analysis show that the most appropriate strategy to develop Entrepreneurial. Strategies Entrepreneurship in small and medium businesses to promote business cooperation with other successful companies that are acquired in the form of strategies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

563 - Economic instability in countries and strategies to deal with it by relying on the Qur'an and Nahj al-Balaghe
mehdi omani mehrab ersali salim sheiksalavat zahra boodagi

According to verse 89 of Surah Nahl, which is an explanation of everything, it is understood that the book of the Qur'an, the immortal miracle of Prophet Muhammad Mustafa, expresses everything in all periods of time, and this explanation includes the plan of life and ha More

According to verse 89 of Surah Nahl, which is an explanation of everything, it is understood that the book of the Qur'an, the immortal miracle of Prophet Muhammad Mustafa, expresses everything in all periods of time, and this explanation includes the plan of life and happiness of all the worlds until the Day of Resurrection. The economy, which has been and is one of the important pillars of human societies since the dawn of time, is not an exception to this rule, the reason being that the basic pillar of society's survival is the issue of economy, of course, this importance has not remained the same in all periods of time and with the passage of time. The time and progress of world science has taken on a huge face. And no one has ever denied the importance of this issue and that it is intertwined with other social issues. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the economic instability in the country and the strategies to deal with it by relying on verses and traditions. We have collected therefore, it is necessary to look for solutions and methods appropriate to the approaches of this important category Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

564 - The Impact of Corporate Strategy on Capital Structure in Tehran Stock Exchange
Fraydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti Anahita Zandi

10.30495/afi.2020.682065

The impact of corporate strategy decisions on capital structure has attracted researchers and managers for decades, though these decisions have so far yielded complex and uncertain results. While previous studies have focused on the effective effects of a single strateg More

The impact of corporate strategy decisions on capital structure has attracted researchers and managers for decades, though these decisions have so far yielded complex and uncertain results. While previous studies have focused on the effective effects of a single strategy at one point in time, this study attempts to provide an overview of the impact of strategic decisions on capital structure. According to the hierarchical strategy theory, there are three effective strategies, namely external activity, diversification and integration (integration), at the company level. This study was conducted using the annual data of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2013-2019. By screening, 152 companies were identified as the sample of the study. Multivariate linear regression based on panel data was used to test the research hypotheses. The results of empirical evidence show that the aforementioned strategies influence the structure of corporate capital simultaneously and independently. Integration and external activity are inversely related to debt ratio, whereas diversification is directly related to debt ratio. The findings of this study contribute to the richness of the work on capital structure / strategy and help more academics and managers understand the impact of strategy on firm capital structureKeywords: Capital structure, corporate strategy, integration, diversification, External activity Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

565 - Investigating the Mediating Role of Dividend Policy on the Relationship Between Corporate Governance and Free Cash Flow
Vahid Bekhradi Nasab

10.30495/afi.2021.1925196.1015

in the theoretical literature based on normal theory, dividend policy as a mediator is the intermediary between corporate governance and free cash flow. This requires empirical testing for users to confirm the mediating role of dividend policy. Accordingly, the purpose More

in the theoretical literature based on normal theory, dividend policy as a mediator is the intermediary between corporate governance and free cash flow. This requires empirical testing for users to confirm the mediating role of dividend policy. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study is to test the Sobel test to examine the mediating role of dividend policy on the relationship between corporate governance and free cash flow. The statistical population of this study includes all companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The timeframe for doing the research is from 2011 to 2018. The sample size is 94 companies based on the systematic elimination method. The research method is based on hybrid data and multivariate least squares regression model using Sobel test. Evidence suggests that the mediating role of dividend policy has a significant effect on the relationship between corporate governance and free cash flow, meaning that because of the importance of dividend policy and corporate governance mechanisms with free cash flow, intermediary role The total dividend policy has a minor effect on free cash flow because not all interpretations are absorbed by corporate governance mechanisms. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

566 - Investigating the contrarian trading strategy performance in the Tehran stock exchange based on the firm's risk criteria
Ebrahim Qashqai Allah Karam Salehi ali mahmoodirad

10.30495/afi.2023.1972605.1172

Purpose: In traditional financial theory, the efficient market hypothesis states that market efficiency prevails in every stock exchange. However, evidence of market anomalies such as momentum effect and reversal effect exists. The aim of this study is to examine the pe More

Purpose: In traditional financial theory, the efficient market hypothesis states that market efficiency prevails in every stock exchange. However, evidence of market anomalies such as momentum effect and reversal effect exists. The aim of this study is to examine the performance of the reverse trading strategy under risk measures. To achieve this objective, four hypotheses were proposed.Methodology: This research employs a descriptive correlational method. The population of the study consists of all listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period from 2013 to 2020. A systematic sampling technique was used to select a sample of 118 companies. Reverse profit is considered as the dependent variable, while systematic risk, liquidity risk, credit risk, and financial leverage are considered as explanatory variables.Findings: The findings indicate that systematic risk has a positive effect on reverse profit in all holding and formation periods. Liquidity risk does not have a significant impact on reverse profit. Credit risk and financial leverage have a positive effect on reverse profit. Furthermore, the results show that the influence of systematic risk, credit risk, and financial leverage on reverse profit is greater in the 24-month period compared to the 12-month and 36-month periods.Originality / Value: The results of this study provide valuable insights for portfolio investors and managers to consider company risks when investing through the reverse trading strategy. Additionally, market participants should focus on high levels of systematic risk, credit risk, and financial leverage when utilizing the reverse trading strategy, as these risk dimensions present opportunities for them to achieve extraordinary returns. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

567 - Strategies for empowering judicial criminal policy in the crime of aggressive possession
Ahmad Rezaeipanah Eisa Baninaeimeh amir alboali

Aggressive possession is supported by the legislator not only as a legal case but also as a crime, and this indicates its importance and its place in maintaining public order. Article 690 of the Islamic Penal Code of Punishment is the only criminal provision in the legi More

Aggressive possession is supported by the legislator not only as a legal case but also as a crime, and this indicates its importance and its place in maintaining public order. Article 690 of the Islamic Penal Code of Punishment is the only criminal provision in the legislative process of this offense, which has many defects in its content, which has faced problems in dealing with this crime, which requires the use of a single criminal policy as a part of policy making. The public of the country can respond appropriately to similar criminal phenomena, and in the meantime, judicial criminal policy as a manifestation of the measures and policies that the judiciary - especially the judges - apply in line with the implementation of the law and in the course of it more than other types. Criminal policy has an appearance. These policies include the type of attitude of judges towards legislative criminal policy, which emerges and manifests in the form of judicial decisions and opinions according to the type of resources and facilities of the judicial system and with regard to the administrative aspects governing the criminal justice system. These policies include the type of attitude of judges towards legislative criminal policy, which emerges and manifests in the form of judicial decisions and opinions according to the type of resources and facilities of the judicial system and with regard to the administrative aspects governing the criminal justice system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

568 - Teachers training in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province and and to offer strategies and plans for future
mohamad javadi pour marzieh dehghani mostafa bagherian far

This paper aims to analyze the present situation of training teacher Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province teachers to offer strategies and plans for future. The research method is descriptive-field study.The population of the study included all teachers of primary school More

This paper aims to analyze the present situation of training teacher Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province teachers to offer strategies and plans for future. The research method is descriptive-field study.The population of the study included all teachers of primary schools in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province as being 5570 teachers in the educational year 2014-2015. 360 teachers were selected through multistep cluster random sampling based on Cochrane formula. Made questionnaire to collect data tool that includes items related to internal and external factors. This item includes 51 questions ranked on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad is a primary school teacher training. By the number of professors and experts approved the validity and reliability using Cronbach's alpha (α= 0/91) was confirmed. To analyze the data, in addition to the descriptive indicators, comparing the means test and Friedman test and evaluation of internal and external matrix is used. The results showed that initial teacher training in the area of weakness in terms of internal factors and external factors of the area in the fall of opportunities. The conservative strategy for the development of teacher training is recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

569 - A Study of the Effect of Learning Strategies on new Products Development with Regard to Moderating Role of Strategic Orientations and Cognitive Capabilities
Shahram Khalil Nezhad mohammad reza daneshvar deylami

The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of learning strategies on the development of new products in the Pharmaceutical Companies in Iran. Furthermore, the study examines the role of strategic orientation and cognitive capabilities in strengthening or More

The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of learning strategies on the development of new products in the Pharmaceutical Companies in Iran. Furthermore, the study examines the role of strategic orientation and cognitive capabilities in strengthening or weakening the relationship. The paradigm of the research is positivism, the approach is deductive and the strategy is surveying. Therefore, after reviewing the literature and designing concept model, a questionnaire consisting of 23 questions were distributed to 131 company. At least two of the senior or middle managers responded to each question, and the average of their opinions analyzed. Face and content validity of the questionnaire were verified according to experts, using standard questionnaires and relying on confirmatory factor analysis. As well as, reliability was approved by the Cronbach's alpha test, composite reliability and average variance. Then, the data were analyzed and tested using Smart PLS software through the correlation matrix, the structural equation model and the fitness analysis. The results show that exploratory and exploitative learning strategies effect on new products development. In addition, it was found that the cognitive capabilities can adjust this relationship. Strategic orientations, have a moderating role in relation between exploitative learning strategies and product development, but, their role in the relationship between exploratory and product development strategies are not significant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

570 - Identification of Factors Influencing the Implementation of Marketing Strategies Using Force Field Analysis
tahmores hasangholi pour Mohammad Ali Shahhoseini Zohreh Dehdashti Shahrokh ghasem jokar

Implementing marketing strategy is a key step in the strategic marketing process. Despite the importance and key role of implementing marketing strategies for the success and improvement of corporate performance, it is still a serious challenge for companies. A variety More

Implementing marketing strategy is a key step in the strategic marketing process. Despite the importance and key role of implementing marketing strategies for the success and improvement of corporate performance, it is still a serious challenge for companies. A variety of factors can act as a support or Barrier to the implementation of marketing strategies. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to identify the driving and restrictive factors for implementing marketing strategies in the ceramic tile industry using qualitative research method and utilizing the force field analysis technique. In this research, interviews were used as data collection tools. The results of this study showed that the driving factors for the implementation of marketing strategies consist of four main groups: organizational factors, leadership and management, operational factors and competitive intelligence. Restrictive factors for implementing marketing strategies were also divided in four main categories including: content factors, socio-human factors, Environmental factors and functional factors. Based on the results of this research, companies can increase the likelihood of successful implementation of strategic marketing plans and thereby achieve their strategic goals by strengthening the driving forces and weakening the restrictive forces. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

571 - Impact of Exploratory and Refining Strategies on Brand Image and Commitment by Brand Performance
Zahra hosseinnejad shamsodin nazemi fariborz rahimnia

Nowadays, branding is no longer limited to commodities, but higher education departments also seeking to benefit from branding. Since universities have recognized the importance of attracting students by creating a distinctive image in a competitive market, they first n More

Nowadays, branding is no longer limited to commodities, but higher education departments also seeking to benefit from branding. Since universities have recognized the importance of attracting students by creating a distinctive image in a competitive market, they first need to focus on their performance as prerequisite for creating such distinctive image that requires proper strategy. The main goal of this research was to investigate the effect of exploration and refinement strategies on brand image and commitment through the mediating role of the interface of brand performance. The statistical population of the study was graduate students in one of reputable northeastern universities of Iran, that with non-random sampling method 370 students were selected.The validity and reliability of data were measured by SPSS statistical software. In order to analysis research data Structural Equation Modeling and Barn and Kenny tests were used . The results indicate that exploratory and refining strategies have a significant effect on brand performance. Also, the effect of brand performance on brand image and commitment was positive and meaningful. In addition, the mediating role of brand performance between exploration and refinement strategies ,brand image and commitment was confirmed.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

572 - Strategic Review of virtual social media as a medium role in creating brand equity
Babak Farbodiam aliakbar farhangi mohamad soltanifar

The purpose of this paper is to examine the strategic role of virtual social networks is on brand equity, to determine the “Honeycomb Model” raised by Smith. Which has seven components: identity, presence, sharing, standing, group, relationships and dialogue More

The purpose of this paper is to examine the strategic role of virtual social networks is on brand equity, to determine the “Honeycomb Model” raised by Smith. Which has seven components: identity, presence, sharing, standing, group, relationships and dialogue and to review brand equity model used Aker brand equity. This research led to a new structured model was based on the above theories that increased our understanding of the relationship between the use of social media and brand equity. Data were collected in three ways: structured interviews, direct observation of several social media and questionnaire. A combination of research methods (qualitative / quantitative) was selected to carry out the research. The population of this research are consumers of Nike brand in Tehran and Cluster sampling is available and with a few random selection of some delegates from total delegates of this brand and distribute a questionnaire with 33 questions was conducted among 384 of our customers. For data analysis and hypothesis testing research model, the SPSS, LISREL and PLS software were used by structural equation modeling (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results show the influence of variables "identity", "share", "Fame", "relationships", "dialogue" and "Group" on brand equity. It should be noted that the variable "presence" had no significant effect on brand equity. Key words: virtual social media, the Honeycomb model, Aker brand equity, Facebook, structural equation modeling, Strategy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

573 - The Strategy Creation - De-Strategization Paradox: Examining the Basic Duality Using Phronetic Iterative Qualitative Method
Nima Eskandarinia

In recent years, the topic of strategic management has become one of the most challenging topics among both researchers and top managers. While some scholars have supported various strategic management approaches, other scholars have challenged and criticized these appr More

In recent years, the topic of strategic management has become one of the most challenging topics among both researchers and top managers. While some scholars have supported various strategic management approaches, other scholars have challenged and criticized these approaches. In addition, there is a plurality of opinions among the scholars who have opposed strategic management. Despite the fundamental criticisms they have made on the nature of strategic management, they have not been able to find an alternative solution for the strategic management process. Therefore, the CEOs of the companies have faced a dilemma, whether they should follow the strategic management process or not, and if the answer is negative, then how should they achieve success and gain competitive advantage. The purpose of this research is to present the theory of de-strategization to answer these questions. In order to carry out this research, Phronetic iterative qualitative method has been used. The research sample includes fifteen companies in the private sector located in Tehran and its suburbs, which were selected purposefully. Based on the findings of this research, the adoption of de-strategizing policy is more effective than creating strategy. Strategy-creating policy will lead to systematic cognitive bias under the title of blind spot of competitive disadvantage and will cause the formation of four paradoxes including strategic management knowledge, effort-result, adherence to strategy-abandoning strategy, and job stress. But de-strategization does not mean inaction, so it is necessary to pay attention to the four recommendations mentioned in this article. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

574 - A Model for International Joint Venture Strategy Implementation (Evidence from Iranian Auto Industry)
nader mazlooni HOSAIN RAHMANDOST mahdi haghighi kafash sahar ahmadi partovi

International joint venture is one of the strategic alliance forms which has experienced a rapid growth among world-wide businesses over recent decades. The main purpose of this study is providing an implementation model for international joint ventures, by means of a q More

International joint venture is one of the strategic alliance forms which has experienced a rapid growth among world-wide businesses over recent decades. The main purpose of this study is providing an implementation model for international joint ventures, by means of a qualitative research and employing the grounded theory-systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin, for analysis. In this research, 14 experts of strategic management and joint ventures in the automotive industry of Iran, were selected based on theoretical sampling for open and semi-structured interviews. As a result of open and axial coding, 668 initial concepts and 60 sub categories were classified into 23 main categories, and then their relationships were mapped into six major dimensions. According to the model of selective coding, the content of the international joint venture strategy has influence on the operating process of this strategy (including joint venture company formation, corporate governance, operation management, and evaluation and feedback) along with contextual and intervening conditions; the strategies of adaptation, change, or exit will be taken and ultimately, the continuation, suspension or discontinue of the strategy as consequences, will be resulted. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

575 - Determination of Resilience Strategies and Resilience number in Iran Khodro supply chain
kazem ravansetan hasanali aghajani abdolhamid safaei mahmoud yahyazadeh far

This research deals with resilience of supply chain according to Iran Khodro Company. The aim of this study is determining strategies going to be able to prevent occurrence of stops in production line of Iran Khodro, or in case of stop, how production lines are restored More

This research deals with resilience of supply chain according to Iran Khodro Company. The aim of this study is determining strategies going to be able to prevent occurrence of stops in production line of Iran Khodro, or in case of stop, how production lines are restored in the minimum time to the state of pre-disruption or the most favorable condition. This study intends to determine resilience strategies in the Iran Khodro supply chain and also show resiliency in the Iran Khodro supply chain as a quantity number. In this study all failure modes have been identified through the research literature and expert's opinions. The population of this research includes managers and experts of logistics and planning departments of Sapco Company. In this research failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) technique has been used to determine resilience strategies in supply chain before occurrence of failures and also a new technique which named failure analysis after occurrence (FAAO) is used to determine resilience strategies in supply chain after occurrence of failure. Finally, the amount of resilience of Iran Khodro supply chain is calculated. Fifteen strategies have been determined by experts using above techniques in order to make resilient supply chain in Iran Khodro toward failures. The amount of resilience of supply chain allocating to Iran Khodro is calculated 0.14 before occurrence of failure and is calculated 0.27 after failure occurrence. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

576 - Neo-Strategy Theory: Concepts, Assumptions and Applications
Nima Eskandarinia

.... Strategic management theories have faced a new challenge in recent years. All common paradigms of strategic management are based on the assumptions of economic rationality, economic behavior, and financial utilitarian, but it is necessary to consider the assumptio More

.... Strategic management theories have faced a new challenge in recent years. All common paradigms of strategic management are based on the assumptions of economic rationality, economic behavior, and financial utilitarian, but it is necessary to consider the assumptions of bounded rationality and non-economic behaviors as well, because strategic decisions are made by humans and ultimately implemented by humans. The purpose of this study is to develop neo-strategy theory in strategic management. In order to conduct this research, Tracy's iterative phronetic approach, which simultaneously utilizes emerging qualitative data as well as existing theories and concepts, has been used. Semi-structured interviews with 5 executives in the private sector were used to collect data. These data were coded after analysis and finally led to the formation of neo-strategy theory by combining the theoretical frameworks of prospect theory, utilitarian theory and existing concepts in the field of neurostrategy and behavioral strategy. Findings show that the occurrence of bounded rationality along with the two phenomena of strategic management adhesion and intention reversal that have been introduced in this study has led to the occurrence of a phenomenon called strategic burnout syndrome which through attention to the strategic utilitarianism and action-oriented can treat this complication. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

577 - Designing a Model for Predicting the Sales Potential of Iranian Movies (Data-Driven Approach) in Order to Determine the Market Entry Strategy
Babak Hamidia Mohammad Masteri Farahani Mohammad Javad Sohrabi Abbas Rahimi

Having a predictive mathematical model regarding the sales potential of movies before the marketing and screening of movies is one of the needs of many producers, Cinema owners, etc. In this research, based on a systematic process and mixed exploratory approach, first t More

Having a predictive mathematical model regarding the sales potential of movies before the marketing and screening of movies is one of the needs of many producers, Cinema owners, etc. In this research, based on a systematic process and mixed exploratory approach, first the factors affecting the sales potential of movies were calculated and classified by content analysis method and by selecting the content factors of the film, i.e., the factors affecting the probability of pre-marketing and screening; The status of each of these factors in the top 100 films of a decade of Iranian cinema was examined. The required data were extracted from the statistical yearbook of Iranian film and cinema sales and based on Shannon entropy method and based on real data of 100 popular Iranian films, model coefficients were extracted and finally, a mathematical model to calculate the sales potential of a film up to Extracted before the marketing phase. The results of this study indicate that the 4 main factors of director (with coefficient of 0.25), actor (with coefficient of 0.253), genre (with coefficient of 0.251) and technical quality of film (with coefficient of 0.246) and a sub-factor of film series (with extra score) affect the sales potential of a movie. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

578 - The Typology of Organizational Behavior Strategy
Saleh Rahimi seyedmohhamad aarabi bibi marjan fazi

Organizations, to achieve their goals, need coordination between their various components. Vertical and horizontal coordination between different organizational strategies has been really important, and one of the significant but disregarded components in strategic coor More

Organizations, to achieve their goals, need coordination between their various components. Vertical and horizontal coordination between different organizational strategies has been really important, and one of the significant but disregarded components in strategic coordination is organizational behavior strategy. The current study aims to identify the different types of organizational behavior strategies to helps the organization achieve its goals by coordinating with other components. For this aim, using the grounded typology method, in-depth interviews were conducted with the 12 CEOs of the companies, and about 21 final categories affecting the behavioral strategy were recognized. The final categories are classified into two dimensions affecting behavior: the individual dimension (actor/reactor) and the environment dimension (attention to the outside and attention to the inside), and the four main types are obtained based on these two dimensions. Behavioral strategy types were defined and described based on the dimensions obtained with the names of flag bearer, leader, bureaucrat, and prince. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

579 - The Effect of Production Strategies on Competitive Priorities and Exports of Special Tactical Vehicle Products
Hamed Khanzadeh Seyed Morteza Madani Ali Nopour Holari

Production strategy is one of the most important types of applied strategy that plays a role in shaping the necessary competencies for competition among organizations. In this research, according to the background of the research and interviews with the experts of the s More

Production strategy is one of the most important types of applied strategy that plays a role in shaping the necessary competencies for competition among organizations. In this research, according to the background of the research and interviews with the experts of the special tactical vehicle industry, the competitive priorities and strategic measures of production in the mentioned industry were identified and the conceptual model of the research was formed. Then by finding the strategic production actions that has been affected by competitive priorities, we discussed their effects on export performance. Analysis of research data was done using inferential statistics such as correlation coefficient and multiple linear regressions; First, by using Kendall's correlation coefficient, the relationship of each of the four competitive priorities of quality, flexibility, cost reduction, and delivery capability was investigated with each of the twenty-seven selected strategic measures and significant relationships were identified. Then we analyzed the effect of the mentioned actions that has been affected by competitive priorities on the performance related to priorities in order to know its extent. On the other hand, we answered the question that to what extent, the mentioned combination of measures can improve the export performance of the studied units. The results showed that the specified set of measures can improve performance by 74.6% of quality, 9.2% of cost reduction, 61.1% of flexibility and 49.9% of delivery capability. Also, the set of strategic production measures can affect profitability by 44.5% at most. So, it can be concluded that other factors such as marketing, effective and appropriate communication, etc. are also effective on profitability. At the end, the limitations of the research were mentioned and suggestions for future research were presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

580 - Investigation the role of Win-Win Strategy of Conflict Management and Mental intelligence in the Perception of Employees from Organizational Justice, Studied Sample:Employees of Bushehr Port and Maritime Organization
mani arman esmail ahmadi zohreh khosravilaghab

Among the issues that are largely in response to the turbulent and complex environments which considered in organizations, are: spirituality, conflict resolution and justice. Process of increasing trust in employees is depending on the positive prospect of the justice w More

Among the issues that are largely in response to the turbulent and complex environments which considered in organizations, are: spirituality, conflict resolution and justice. Process of increasing trust in employees is depending on the positive prospect of the justice which should consider judgment and conflict resolution, and mental intelligence is an issue which forms with an attention to cultural condition of our country, following organizational justice and judgment of conflicts. According to the importance of the subject, purpose of this paper is to study the role of Win-Win strategy of conflict management and mental intelligence in the perception of employees from organizational justice in Bushehr port and maritime organization. After a survey of prior studies and making conceptual model, the questionnaire distributed among employees then data from 226 questionnaire collected and analyzed. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and Structural equation modeling method. Research results confirm the prepared conceptual model and indicate that studied hypothesis and sub-criteria of them means mental intelligence and Win-Win strategy of conflict management have a significant effect on organizational justice. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

581 - The impact of knowledge management strategies on knowledge management performance, Case study: Islamic Republic of Iran Railway Company
Amir Najafi maryam amirarsalan

Knowledge management is a process that helps organizations to find important information, select, organize and disseminate. In this study examines the impact of knowledge management strategies on knowledge management performance in the Railway Company of the Islamic Rep More

Knowledge management is a process that helps organizations to find important information, select, organize and disseminate. In this study examines the impact of knowledge management strategies on knowledge management performance in the Railway Company of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The present study is an applied descriptive research. The target population included all employees of the railroad Islamic Republic of Iran is that the number of 9672 people. Samples are taken in accordance with the above formula 369.52. Therefore, we distributed 370 questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to display demographic information. Inferential, Cronbach's alpha for test reliability, the test population mean (t-test) to determine the status of variables and path analysis and logistic regression analysis was used to test hypotheses. According to the data analysis of the first hypothesis "when the organizational maturity of the company's high external ballast documented strategy has the greatest impact on knowledge management performance" Confirmed. The second hypothesis is that "when the company's organizational maturity and knowledge of the corporate environment, there is little systematic strategy of knowledge management has the greatest impact on performance"Was rejected. The third hypothesis "when low corporate organizational maturity and knowledge of high corporate environmental strategy (personal) Outer greatest impact on the performance of knowledge management.”And the fourth hypothesis"when the company's organizational maturity and knowledge of the corporate environment there is little strategy (personal) Interior greatest impact on the performance of knowledge management" Were approved. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

582 - The Interactive Model of Organizational Communication Strategies and Human Resources Strategies with Performance (Case study: Research Units licensed by the Ministry of Science and Research and Technology)
Fatemeh Alsadat Aarabi aliakbar farhangi seyedreza seyedjavadin

Strategic alignment is a critical tool for organizing and standardizing the activities and operations of different organizational departments in order to achieve integration. In this research, this strategic alignment between Communication and human resources Strategies More

Strategic alignment is a critical tool for organizing and standardizing the activities and operations of different organizational departments in order to achieve integration. In this research, this strategic alignment between Communication and human resources Strategies are investigated. The research population comprises the research institutions and mixed method was used as the research methodology. In qualitative section of the research, content analysis was used in order to analyze the data gathered from 95 individuals in sampled institutions. The research findings indicate that the third type strategy (conservative), second type HR strategy (loyal soldier), third type relation , first type recruitment (traditional), third type training and development (practical), second type performance appraisal, third type compensation (performance-based) and third type employee relations  and third type  in relations   and third type out relations had the most frequency in research institutions. The findings of one-way ANOVA and multivariate analysis indicate that internal and external alignments and their interactive influence were influential on the performance of research institutions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

583 - The Impact of Participative Strategic Planning, Strategic Flexibility and Change-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Strategy Implementation
Mehdi Ebrahimi Nejad bahram jabarzadeh carbasi

By increasing the level of environmental change, strategic planning and it’s correct and accurate implementation considered by the researchers, as a useful solution for maintaining competitive position and continuing the life of the organization. According to the More

By increasing the level of environmental change, strategic planning and it’s correct and accurate implementation considered by the researchers, as a useful solution for maintaining competitive position and continuing the life of the organization. According to the belief of many experts, planning and successful implementation of strategies requires the participation of all levels of the organization so that without their cooperation achieving this goal will face with numerous challenges. On the other hand, strategic flexibility and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior are among the factors that play a significant role in strategy implementation. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of participative strategic planning, change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior, and strategic flexibility on the implementation of strategy in the small and medium sized industries. The research is a survey and the statistic sample is 243 employees and executives working in companies based in Kerman industrial areas and questionnaire was used for data collection. For data analysis, structural equation modeling method and AMOS software were used. Findings indicate that the participative strategic planning has a significant positive impact on strategic flexibility, change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior and strategy implementation. Findings also showed that strategic flexibility and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior can lead to successful implementation of the strategy Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

584 - R&D Strategy Model in Power Plant Equipment's Manufacturing Industries in Order to Achieve Business Objectives
ali namani seyghalan Abbas Khamseh taghi torabi

Power plant equipment's manufacturing industries need to move beyond the boundaries of knowledge and technology, due to the use of advanced technologies in the production processes. What facilitates this movement is research and development in these companies. The prese More

Power plant equipment's manufacturing industries need to move beyond the boundaries of knowledge and technology, due to the use of advanced technologies in the production processes. What facilitates this movement is research and development in these companies. The present study seeks to develop a dynamic model of research and development strategy to achieve business objectives using the dynamic system modeling method as a powerful tool to analyze the factors affecting the system and analyze the relationships between them and predict future system behavior based on pre-defined scenarios. The causal loops have been extracted and modeled with the viewpoint of experts in the power industry, and Vensim software has been used for modeling. In this study, three scenarios are considered to increase the achievement of R&D strategy objectives. In the baseline scenario, it is assumed that the values of the decision parameters and levers are consistent with the past trend. In optimistic scenario, R&D budget and external collaborations will improve and the organization is more successful in attracting external funding and support for R&D projects, Also, in this scenario, the quality of project management is improved by reducing project execution time and project failure rate. In the pessimistic scenario, the above variables change in the opposite direction. The simulation results show that the 20% change in most of the variables will affect more than 20%, indicating the effectiveness of the change. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

585 - Designing the Contingency Model of Human Resources Management Strategies
Mohammad reza Reyhani tooraj Mojibi hasanali aghajani mojtaba tabari Ali Mehdizadeh Ashrafi

Designing the contingency model of human resources management strategies using the strategic reference points of Stewart and Brown (2019) at the Export Development Bank of Iran is the purpose of this research. The present study is descriptive survey. The validity of the More

Designing the contingency model of human resources management strategies using the strategic reference points of Stewart and Brown (2019) at the Export Development Bank of Iran is the purpose of this research. The present study is descriptive survey. The validity of the research was determined by experts' opinion and its reliability was 0.76 with Cronbach's alpha. In the first stage, the fuzzy method was used to design the model, in the second stage, the model was tested with 181 statistical population according to the Morgan table. The results of the Structural equations modeling test using Lisrel software, while confirming the theoretical, showed the experimental compatibility of the model. Finally in the third stage the gap between the status quo and the desired status of quadruple strategies was determined by the t-student test. According to the findings, the Bank's strategy did not fit in both the dimensions of differentiation and cost leadership as well as the employment of the foreign labor market. However, the maintenance of current personnel was confirmed. The HR practices in the whole bank coincided with loyal soldier strategy, but HR practices in the International-Credit Units aligned with committed expert and loyal soldier strategy. Finally, it is concluded that, depending on the various units, it is necessary to establish a complete alignment of strategies. Developing distinct services, reducing costs, training personnel for all units, however, for the headquarters, outsourcing contracts should also be considered.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

586 - Explaining the Strategic model for management process of accepts, transfer and diffusion of new media technologies in Iranian audience perspective.
babak rahnavard kamran mohamadkhani aliakbar farhangi amirhosain mohamad davodi

At the present time acceleration technology advances and increased understanding of the strategic implications of technology, especially has been very important for media managers, today the duty of a converting of media technology into a competitive advantage. Technolo More

At the present time acceleration technology advances and increased understanding of the strategic implications of technology, especially has been very important for media managers, today the duty of a converting of media technology into a competitive advantage. Technology can be used as a target or final product. With the advent of digital convergence that is possible through a new form of media emerge and be forward-thinking media executives, as well as analyze the media environment and notice of the change process forward so that he will comply with the conditions of future policies and strategy, media plan. According to ICT infrastructure development and increase in Internet users in our country Iran, the audience interaction with modern media technology has a written policy requiring According to Iranian interests and audience desires strategy for adoption and transfer of modern media technologies be developed at the individual level In this paper the qualitative research approach, the impact of convergence on the characteristics of the audience, content and new media technologies survey and the extent and terms of admission, transfer and dissemination of new media technology from the perspective of media industry experts will introduce and finally strategic model from the impact of convergence on adoption of new media and technology transfer will be explained. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

587 - The Social Responsibility Strategy in State Banks with Iranian Islamic Culture Approach
Kazem Asgari shahriyar azizi asghar moshabaki

Banks are considered the countries 'economic development engine through collecting small and wandering capitals in economic system and granting privilege besides providing banking and financial services through various strategies. Banking activities with any related str More

Banks are considered the countries 'economic development engine through collecting small and wandering capitals in economic system and granting privilege besides providing banking and financial services through various strategies. Banking activities with any related strategy are done in community domain and banks cannot be indifferent to their responsibilities toward the society in which they perform their activities. One of the most practical, and yet efficient new strategies of the banks is the careful and accurate use of CSR strategy. Banks can create a positive image regarding their brand and improve their economic function by means of their social responsibility strategy. In our country, cultural features consist of national and ancient customs and traditions while being Islamic and religious. Since the adopted strategy in banks in social responsibility domain have mostly western origin and have been compiled based on those societies’ features, then a new approach for the use of this strategy is necessary. This research has been done based on deep interviews with 10 university and banking system experts and fulfilling the theoretical saturation hypothesis. Via TEM Analysis method, four main domains were extracted from the contents of the interviews which separately consist of 15 cultural features in clients’ domain, 14 cultural features in staff’s domain, 14 cultural features in community domain and cultural features in environment’s domain, totally 52 features were recognized so that with a new approach to be able to compile and implement the state banks’ social responsibility strategy with Iranian Islamic approach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

588 - Designing Strategy Map Using the Concept of House of Strategy and Fuzzy COPRAS in a Knowledge-based Company
hosain bazargan mohamadreza fathi

The main goal of the strategy map is to communicate the cause and effect between strategic goals and translate these goals into operational programs. Also, attracting the participation of all employees by identifying the relationship of each organization with strategic More

The main goal of the strategy map is to communicate the cause and effect between strategic goals and translate these goals into operational programs. Also, attracting the participation of all employees by identifying the relationship of each organization with strategic goals is another consequence of the strategy map. This research uses a causal relationship between strategic objectives at different levels to provide a method for designing a strategy map in a knowledge-based company. It has tried to present a strategy map for implementing strategies and make it easier to use with the help of the "House of Strategy", a concept that aims to "Quality Function Deployment". The reader first acquaints with general concepts and then studies the methods of DEMATEL and FUZZY COPRAS, at the end of the designed map is provided. "Quality Function Deployment". Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

589 - Analysis of the Effect of Social Media Strategy on Social Media Marketing Strategy and Organizational Performance of Chain Supermarkets
abolfazl danaei moslem moeen

Today’s companies crave for creating connection with their customers in order to recognize them better, utilize their ideas, learn from them, realize their needs, provide the best services for them and consequently improve their own performances. One of the ways t More

Today’s companies crave for creating connection with their customers in order to recognize them better, utilize their ideas, learn from them, realize their needs, provide the best services for them and consequently improve their own performances. One of the ways to create connection which nowadays is of great interest, is using social media. Thus, the purpose of this research is to analyze the role of social media strategy and its relation with organizational culture, organizational learning, organizational maturity, organizational agility, social network, innovation direction, social media marketing strategy and organizational performance in Tehran’s chain supermarkets. In order to accomplish this purpose, information of 32 chain supermarkets of Tehran, and views of 73 managers and social media experts in these 32 companies were gathered. In this study, structural equation modeling and Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis are employed to conduct confirmatory factor analysis and item-level variance partitioning. Results indicate that elements of social media marketing strategy, organizational culture, organizational learning, organizational maturity, organizational agility, social network and innovation direction are among key factors affecting organizational performance of chain supermarkets. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

590 - Optimal Strategy Selection by Using a Combination of SWOT and Fuzzy ANP Techniques
morad kordi ziynab ghasabzadeh langari

Survival and life of an organization depend on correct decisions when facing opportunities and threats in the external environment of the organization. Since no organization can have infinite resources, strategists must decide on which strategy among various ones can le More

Survival and life of an organization depend on correct decisions when facing opportunities and threats in the external environment of the organization. Since no organization can have infinite resources, strategists must decide on which strategy among various ones can lead to maximum profit. SWOT analysis enables managers to discover and identify internal and external factors affecting strategies of the organization. Therefore, the above-mentioned analysis is an appropriate tool to formulate strategies; however, it does not have the capability to evaluate the dependency of identified factors. In this study, a Fuzzy-ANP model is used to support SWOT process. This model considers not only the internal dependency of factors but also the ambiguity that appears in the opinions of decision makers by the application of the model in the fuzzy environment; although that the current techniques such as AHP consider factors independently. The network model presented here to analyze SWOT consists of four levels: the goal (best strategy) is in the first level; SWOT criteria, 4 main criteria and 24 sub-criteria are in the second and third level respectively; and finally alternatives (4 strategy). To calculate weights of SWOT factors, based on ANP method, a questionnaire in the form of paired comparison is designed and then given to the experts of the company studied. Afterwards, the geometric mean is applied, and finally based on ANP model, SO strategy with maximum weight is selected for the company. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

591 - The Impact of Strategy Process and Strategy Content on Organizational Agility and Performance: The Mediating Role of Strategic Alignment
Arezoo Zamany Mehrdad Hosseini Shakib Abbas Khamseh

In the literature of strategic management, strategic alignment has been recognized as an appropriate way to improve the performance, interaction and coordination between organization units and to create value in a competitive environment. In present business environment More

In the literature of strategic management, strategic alignment has been recognized as an appropriate way to improve the performance, interaction and coordination between organization units and to create value in a competitive environment. In present business environment the most investment in organizations is in information technology, therefore organizations have no choice but to use information technology as a strategic resource to achieve their strategic goals, so the concept of aligning information technology strategies and business strategies becomes more important. Most research papers on strategic topics fall into two categories: process and content researches. Both groups have sought to establish a link between strategic decisions and performance, but the relative nature and intensity of this link remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the contribution of strategy process and strategy content in the impact of strategic alignment on performance and agility in the automotive industry. This study is categorized as applied and descriptive. Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity was estimated by experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The statistical population of the study is consisted of managers, supervisors and experts of strategic management and IT departments of Iran Khodro and Saipa companies. For data analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) have been used by AMOS. The findings show that the strategy process and strategy content have a significant impact on the performance and agility of these companies considering the mediating role of strategic alignment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

592 - Model for the credibility of the organization's strategy (audit strategy) to its rating
akbar seyfi amirhassan zarei nima eskandarinia mohammad vasheghani

The purpose of this study is to provide an organization evaluation model in the process of strategic management. In other words, The proposed model  of this study is going to Evaluate the performance of organization’s strategy(validation or verification of or More

The purpose of this study is to provide an organization evaluation model in the process of strategic management. In other words, The proposed model  of this study is going to Evaluate the performance of organization’s strategy(validation or verification of organizations strategy). The issue ahead is that no comprehensive model which can rate the performance of the organization's strategy or verify the process of collection, implementation and evaluation of the strategy has been developed up to now. There is a vital gap in the issue of strategy verification. The existing models for strategy verification of an organization include some weak points: First of all, they are qualitative; so so they can't present verification result in the form of tangible numbers. Secondly, these models are not comprehensive, and concentrate only on the part of strategy concept. For example, one model evaluates human recourses strategies, and the other model focus on verification of information technology strategy (IT); other concentrates on organization resources as well as creation of competitive advantage. This research discusses an empirical model for assessing the validity of the strategy with the help of library studies, content analysis and interviews with the experts (Delphi method). in order to measure this model validity, it has been implemented in a glass manufacturing company. The results indicate that the proposed model would present necessary standards for quantifying strategy validity. In comparison with the existing models, this model is more comprehensive model covers more dimensions. In this model, verification of competitive advantage and strategic thinking has also been a matter of concern Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

593 - Designing and Determining the Validity and Reliability of a Typology of Teacher Support Strategy Tool in Sport Management
shapur anvari Mohammad Ataee Habebolah Taherpur Kalantary

Teacher support strategy is among human behaviors that influences student's beliefs and development. But according to studies, despite the importance of this strategy in educational settings, there is no measure to identify its type and intensity. Therefore, in this stu More

Teacher support strategy is among human behaviors that influences student's beliefs and development. But according to studies, despite the importance of this strategy in educational settings, there is no measure to identify its type and intensity. Therefore, in this study, based on the existing theoretical definitions, the operational definition of this concept was investigated and finally, there was an attempt to measure this concept by defining a questionnaire tool. For this purpose, the present study, using a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional approach, in the year 1398 surveyed the views of 1071 female teachers of physical education in 19 districts of Tehran. According to Cochran formula, 387 people were designated and randomly selected based on the classification of Tehran city. Validity of the implement was assessed by CVR and CVI for content validity, paired sign test for criterion validity and factor analysis for construct validity. Also, test-retest and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used to assess reliability. Data analysis was one using SPSS and Smart PLS software. The results showed that the tool designed in this study has the ability to measure and typify teacher support strategy with acceptable validity and reliability based on 4 vectors and 10 pair-scale constructs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

594 - Contingency model of business portfolio analysis in holding companies
Mohammad Talari seyed hamid khodadad Hosseini Asadollah Kordnaiej Adel Azar

Today, corporations have strong role in the economy of developing countries. Therefore, in recent decades, company-level strategy and portfolio management has been one of the important research axes in the field of strategic management. Therefore, portfolio analysis was More

Today, corporations have strong role in the economy of developing countries. Therefore, in recent decades, company-level strategy and portfolio management has been one of the important research axes in the field of strategic management. Therefore, portfolio analysis was studied as a key issue at the level of parent companies in this study. In this regard, the purpose of the research is to study how to analyze the portfolio and finally provide a contingency model for analyzing the business portfolio in different corporations. Method is qualitative and research strategy is classic grounded theory. Data collected by semi-structured interviews with 22 expert and director of the 13 Iranian corporations. The results indicate that the corporate portfolio analysis is based on two general classes: tool orientation and approach orientation. Tool orientation is based on prescriptive logic and typically uses classical analysis matrices, parent advantage models, quantitative and financial models. Approach orientation is based on descriptive logic and influenced by the intuition in managers and political pressures. Analysts and managers are two group involved in the process of portfolio analysis. Accordingly, the contingency model of portfolio analysis was presented. Finally, in the contingency model, portfolio analysis strategies of all four types of corporate-related, diversified, unrelated and integrated- were explained separately Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

595 - Designing and Explaining the Institutionalization Model of Individual Empowerment Strategy from the Mass Media Channel of Television
Meisam Samband aliakbar farhangi Jamshid Salehi Sedghyani Mohammad Reza Ghaedi

The purpose of this paper is to design a model for institutionalizing the strategy of individual empowerment through television. The research method is exploratory mixed using a typological strategy. The statistical population of this study is composed of experts in thi More

The purpose of this paper is to design a model for institutionalizing the strategy of individual empowerment through television. The research method is exploratory mixed using a typological strategy. The statistical population of this study is composed of experts in this field. In the qualitative section, 13 people were selected using the theoretical sampling method and in the quantitative section, 385 people were selected by random sampling method. The data collection tool was a semi-structured individual interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis was based on structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS software. Research results have shown that environmental and human factors, television, programming, and audience characteristics can predict individual empowerment variables. The results of the model test showed that the proposed model explains a total of 62.7% of the changes related to the dependent variable of individual empowerment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

596 - Relying on the insured, strategies for financing health insurance in Iran
mohsen rasoulian

this study aimed to identify and rank the revenue strategy is to implement health insurance in Iran. The research was descriptive - survey study population included 30 experts insurance in the country, which made 15-question questionnaire, was distributed among the More

this study aimed to identify and rank the revenue strategy is to implement health insurance in Iran. The research was descriptive - survey study population included 30 experts insurance in the country, which made 15-question questionnaire, was distributed among them and with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were analyzed. The results showed that premium income strategy at No. 1 with a weight of 0.259, 0.229, weighing in at No. 2 important strategy of government revenue, tax revenue strategy with a weight of 0.191 ranks third in importance, miscellaneous income strategy with a weight of 0.171 at No. 4 the importance of strategy and corporate earnings are weighing 0.151 at No. 5 importance. It is surprising that this time also presented a plan for improving public health experts on a strategy that most people have focused-of-pocket financing! Can we still rely on public funds to promote health? Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

597 - Designing and determining the validity and reliability of a typology of Teacher Support Strategy tool in Sport Management
leila hori Mahvash Nourbakhsh Sayad Nematolal Khalifeh Parivash Nourbakhsh

Teacher support strategy is among human behaviors that influences student's beliefs and development. But according to studies, despite the importance of this strategy in educational settings, there is no measure to identify its type and intensity. Therefore, in this stu More

Teacher support strategy is among human behaviors that influences student's beliefs and development. But according to studies, despite the importance of this strategy in educational settings, there is no measure to identify its type and intensity. Therefore, in this study, based on the existing theoretical definitions, the operational definition of this concept was investigated and finally, there was an attempt to measure this concept by defining a questionnaire tool. For this purpose, the present study, using a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional approach, in the year 1398 surveyed the views of 1071 female teachers of physical education in 19 districts of Tehran. According to Cochran formula, 387 people were designated and randomly selected based on the classification of Tehran city. Validity of the implement was assessed by CVR and CVI for content validity, paired sign test for criterion validity and factor analysis for construct validity. Also, test-retest and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used to assess reliability. Data analysis was one using SPSS and Smart PLS software. The results showed that the tool designed in this study has the ability to measure and typify teacher support strategy with acceptable validity and reliability based on 4 vectors and 10 pair-scale constructs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

598 - Identify the Model of Factors Associated with Choosing a Knowledge Management Strategy (Case study: Three Industrial Organization)
mohsen mirzaie habibalah javanmard mohhamadsadegh hori

Before implementing knowledge management in organization the most important issue is to select an adequate strategy which its absence results to failure of KM programs. Due to the importance of adequate strategy selection on KM effectiveness, little research has been do More

Before implementing knowledge management in organization the most important issue is to select an adequate strategy which its absence results to failure of KM programs. Due to the importance of adequate strategy selection on KM effectiveness, little research has been done considering all organizational factors. Current research aims to identify all organizational factors related to KM strategy selection in three industrial strategic organizations. Methodology for this research is applied in purpose and descriptive in data gathering. Current study carried out by the help of a questionnaire tool distributed to 34 managers and KM experts in aforementioned organizations. To analyze data and test hypotheses the authors have used Chi-square method through windows SPSS.20 software. Results clearly show that there are meaningful relationships between all main variables of research (organizational strategy, organizational culture, leadership style, human resources strategy, and IT maturity level) by adequate selection of strategy; while there are not meaningful relationships among three sub-variables of cultural super-imposable, isolationist leadership style and secondary human resource strategy. Therefore, by omitting them from conceptual model of research, the model of factors affecting the selection of adequate knowledge management strategy is proposed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

599 - Presenting the Conceptual Framework of Strategic Agility Based on Database Analysis Using Metacombination Method
sajad golchin Mohammad Hosein Ghanadanzadeh Reza Baniasad

 Today, the power of responsibility for customer needs and rapid adaptation to environmental changes, has created an important factor in the existence and growth of organizations, which manifests itself in the concept of strategic agility. Given the extensive liter More

 Today, the power of responsibility for customer needs and rapid adaptation to environmental changes, has created an important factor in the existence and growth of organizations, which manifests itself in the concept of strategic agility. Given the extensive literature on strategic agility and the lack of a general framework for strategic agility in organizations, the present study aims to provide a conceptual framework of strategic agility through research review.This study was performed based on the analysis of 24 articles published in the period 2010 to 2021 in the field of strategic agility. These articles were analyzed and classified in MaxQDA 2020 software using open, axial and selective coding method.The results of data analysis concluded 112 primary codes and 38 categories were classified under the six dimensions of "causal conditions", "contextual conditions", "main phenomenon", "intervening conditions", "strategies" and "consequences".Causal conditions in factors such as competitive complexity; Underlying conditions in convergent organizational culture; The main phenomenon in the identification and rapid response to change; Interfering conditions in the inertia of organizational resources; Strategies in areas such as open strategy; And finally, the consequences such as competitive advantage and high adaptability were counted. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

600 - The Relationship between the Alignment of Information Technology and Business Strategy and the Organization’s Financial Performance
mazyar ganjoo Sohrab khalili shavereini mahmood alborzi seyed mohammad zargar

The alignment of information technology (IT) and business strategy and its relationship with the organization’s financial performance are research domains which are still investigated despite having a long history. The present study attempted to analyze the relati More

The alignment of information technology (IT) and business strategy and its relationship with the organization’s financial performance are research domains which are still investigated despite having a long history. The present study attempted to analyze the relationship between IT and business strategy alignment (vertical alignment) and the organization’s financial performance in a five-year period from 2014 to 2018 in a group of companies registered in Tehran Stock Exchange. The configuration theory in strategic management was used to develop the conceptual model and research hypotheses. By analyzing the resulting data, the IT strategy was divided into four configurations of developmental, innovative, and conservative behavior, and the business strategy was divided into four configurations of innovators, cost defenders, distinction defenders, and analysts. Research hypotheses involved the relationship between the combination of configurations and the organization’s financial performance. Therefore, two methods of alignment as correlation and alignment as Gestalt were used. In the correlation test, the relationship between combinations were extracted from the literature, and in the Gestalt method, the configurations were combined in an exploratory manner using the data of the problem without presuppositions in the literature. Results of the correlation test showed that, except for the relationship between conservative and cost defender configurations, the other relationships does not have a significant correlation with performance. In the Gestalt method, two clusters were obtained; the first cluster with a high performance was mainly a combination of innovators’ and distinction defenders’ strategies in terms of business, and innovative and developmental strategies in terms of IT. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

601 - Identifying the Effective Factors on the Development of Transformation Strategies in Cultural Policy-Making in the University and Its Implementation Strategies (Case study: Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran)
Mohammadreza Ansari Fatemeh AzizabadiFarahani seyed Reza Salehi Amiri Mohsen Ghadami

The university, as the most important center for training and education of human resources and basic and applied research, is a symbol of the progress and excellence of a nation in the current rapid world. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to review the vie More

The university, as the most important center for training and education of human resources and basic and applied research, is a symbol of the progress and excellence of a nation in the current rapid world. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to review the views and research conducted in the field in order to identify the factors affecting the calculation of cultural transformation strategies in the policy-making of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch and its implementation strategies. For this purpose, the qualitative research method "Strauss and Corbin Foundation Data Theory" and the resulting model were used for the implementation process of strategies. The purpose of the research and the opinion of experts, including 100 professors and staff with executive positions in the Islamic Azad University, were reviewed and approved. The proposed strategies include focusing on personality development, maintaining independence, cultural identity and spiritual excellence of the people of Iran's higher education system, attention to creativity, cultural innovation, acceptance of cultural diversity and culturalization strategy, establishing a professional system, creating an integrated policy system, the establishment and development of cultural cohesion and balance that lead to the positive consequences of cultural change in the Islamic Azad University. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

602 - Introduction to Cultural Strategies to Reduce Social Damage with the Intervention of Islamic Azad University
farhad emamjome

  This article is based on a fundamental and exploratory research, By studying and analyzing texts and aiming to create positive, dynamic, and interventional services for universities, In order to mitigate the social damage that has been rising in metropolis, causi More

  This article is based on a fundamental and exploratory research, By studying and analyzing texts and aiming to create positive, dynamic, and interventional services for universities, In order to mitigate the social damage that has been rising in metropolis, causing major concerns and disruptions in people's lives, An attempt has been made to provide an informed, space-saving map to reduce injuries. Unfortunately, the spread of social damage and its anti-Semitism on the cultural identity of the younger generation threatens the peace and balance of sustainability institutions such as the family and education. The result is that, considering the final part of this paper, one can reduce the scope of ambiguity in the cultural intervention of the university to reduce social harm. As well as the collective responsibility of the indifference of the executive directors of universities, especially in the provincial center; to provide academic units with awareness of clear legal, sociological, and cultural strategies, they will provide functional and coherent patterns to reduce the distress and infectious (social) syndrome of urban society. And provided an innovative, dynamic, and scientific discursive atmosphere to attract new ideas and methods. It is hoped that this endeavor will be the basis for conducting research and applied discourses in the native regions of the country, with the participation of the university and the coordination of governmental institutions such as welfare, law enforcement, Islamic culture and guidance, and other relevant executive agencies Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

603 - BANKS' PERFORMANCE EVALUATION MODEL BASED ON THE BALANCED SCORE CARD APPROACH, FUZZY DEMATEL AND ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCESS
Meisam Jafari-Eskandari NASIM ROUDABR Mohammad Hassan Kamfiroozi

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

604 - Developing a Strategic Plan for Sport Diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
farshid tahmasbi amin chenari

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a strategic plan for sport diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was descriptive-analytic and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study consisted of all political-sport More

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a strategic plan for sport diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was descriptive-analytic and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study consisted of all political-sport managers and experts in the field of sports diplomacy who were selected through purposeful and accessible sampling. Data collection method included library studies, semi-structured interviews with experts and finally Delphi method in three stages. Internal Factor Evaluation Matrix (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation Matrix (EFE) were used to identify the strategic position. The results showed that the position of sport diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran is in the WO position. In this regard, it is concluded that high level officials and policy makers in the Ministry of Sport, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and other relevant institutions should focus their efforts on removing weaknesses and taking advantage of existing opportunities.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

605 - Prioritizing the Economical Strategies of Sporting Companies by Using the AHP-TOPSIS Integration Method
ahmad torkfar

This research aimed to identify and prioritize the strategies of sports production companies in the direction of economic development of sports using AHP-TOPSIS integration method (case study: Jame Jam Sports Company). The research method was survey. In order to identif More

This research aimed to identify and prioritize the strategies of sports production companies in the direction of economic development of sports using AHP-TOPSIS integration method (case study: Jame Jam Sports Company). The research method was survey. In order to identify the strategies of Jame Jam Sports Company, the theoretical saturation method and identifying the experts of the studied company by snowball method were used to identify the strategies. In order to analyze the research data, AHP and TOPSIS methods were used SUPER DECISION software and BT TopSis SoLver software. According to the results of the research, it was found that the most important strategies of Jame Jam Sports Company included the strategy of merging with other companies, the strategy of vertical integration upwards and the strategy of heterogeneous diversity. Therefore, the company needs to integrate with other companies in order to create a stronger structure through the development and improvement of its capabilities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

606 - Designing a Training Strategy Map for Iranian Football Coaches with BSC and ISM Approaches
soumayeh emadi zohrab gohari gholamreza jabbari

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to design a training strategy map of Iranian football coaches with BSC and ISM approaches. The research method is descriptive and is fundamentally applicable. Data were collected by field and mixed methods of quantitative and qualit More

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to design a training strategy map of Iranian football coaches with BSC and ISM approaches. The research method is descriptive and is fundamentally applicable. Data were collected by field and mixed methods of quantitative and qualitative. The population of the study included the officials and experts of the training departments of the Football Federation and its subordinate departments in the provinces and sports experts, equal to 55 individuals and in the quality section, 12 staff. Due to the limited number of members, the statistical sample was equal to its population. According to the data and opinions of experts in the meeting of the Strategic Council of the Football Federation Training Department, 12 strategic goals were determined, and then BSC and Structural Self-Interaction Scale questionnaires were used. BSC method was used for strategic map design and ISM and MICMAC analysis were used to structure goals. The findings showed how the goals were linked at five levels and four perspectives of growth and learning, internal processes, productivity, and professionalization. The findings also indicated that the goals of development and empowerment of coaching instructors, targeted development of congresses and training courses, and increased research and development at the underlying level of the interpretive structural model were in the perspective of growth and learning. Therefore, the authorities of the football federation system should prioritize the streamlining and realization of the goals of the model rule. It can be acknowledged that this plan will facilitate the implementation of goals to achieve the development of the country’s football coaching career.    Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

607 - Prioritization of economic strategies of small and medium-sized sport businesses using the integration method TOPSIS-AHP
mazaher zolfaghari zahra nobakht mahdi naderinasab

AbstractThis study was designed and conducted to investigate the identification and prioritization of economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses using AHP-TOPSIS integration method. The method of the present study was a survey that was conducted in the fi More

AbstractThis study was designed and conducted to investigate the identification and prioritization of economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses using AHP-TOPSIS integration method. The method of the present study was a survey that was conducted in the field. In order to identify the economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses, the theoretical saturation method and identifying the experts with the snowball method were used. In order to analyze the research data, AHP and TOPSIS methods were used using SUPER DECISION software and TOPSIS software. According to the research results, it was found that the strategy of merging with other companies, the strategy of vertical integration upwards and the strategy of heterogeneous diversity are the most important strategies for identifying small and medium-sized sports businesses. Therefore, businesses in sports need to integrate with other companies and businesses in order to create a stronger structure by developing and improving their capabilities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

608 - Prioritization of Economic Strategies of Small and Medium-Sized Sport Businesses Using the Integration Method TOPSIS-AHP
sargol alizadeh zahra nobakhat nima majedi

This study aimed to identify and prioritize economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses using AHP-TOPSIS integration method. The method of the present study was descriptive- survey and it was applied research which conducted as fieldwork. In order to ident More

This study aimed to identify and prioritize economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses using AHP-TOPSIS integration method. The method of the present study was descriptive- survey and it was applied research which conducted as fieldwork. In order to identify the economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses, the theoretical saturation method and identifying the experts with the snowball method were used to identify the strategies. In order to analyze the research data, AHP and TOPSIS methods were used using SUPER DECISION software and TOPSIS software. According to the research results, it was found that the strategy of merging with other companies, the strategy of vertical integration upwards and the strategy of heterogeneous diversity are the most important strategies for identifying small and medium-sized sports businesses. Therefore, businesses in sports need to integrate with other companies and businesses in order to create a stronger structure by developing and improving their capabilities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

609 - JCPOA impact on policy, regulation and security strategy in the Middle East
sadegh zibakalam MOHSEN ZAMANI

One of the most important and most sensitive issues in the Islamic Republic of Iran's foreign policy and diplomacy on Iran after the incident, undoubtedly the most important controversial nationalization of the oil industry, the Iranian nuclear crisis major world powers More

One of the most important and most sensitive issues in the Islamic Republic of Iran's foreign policy and diplomacy on Iran after the incident, undoubtedly the most important controversial nationalization of the oil industry, the Iranian nuclear crisis major world powers, regional nuclear policy Iran equally affected the nuclear activities of Iran's policies of regional and global,policy Iran equally affected the nuclear activities of Iran's policies of regional and global, so that by highlighting the problem of hot and controversial nuclear Iran, especially in recent decades, conflicts units from time to time as the conflict promotes less violent that the among the negative propaganda of the West and some of the Middle East, extreme sensitivity on the issue Iran's nuclear created a tangible impact access and security policies in the Middle East, creates a hostile reaction in the so that by highlighting the problem of hot and controversial nuclear Iran, especially in recent decades, conflicts units from time to time as the conflict promotes less violent that the among the negative propaganda of the West and some of the M actors Al, a significant change in the political climate - not the Middle East security and "the threat of regional hegemony" has replaced nuclear threat. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

610 - The role of economic strategies and tactics in the survival of Salafi-Takfiri groups
reza khorasani Mohammad Mirabdoli

Terrorists need financial support to achieve their goals, and therefore resort to various legal and illegal ways. Islamic radical groups, of which they can be termed takfiri terrorists, are no exception to this rule and despite the emphasis on ideological and religious- More

Terrorists need financial support to achieve their goals, and therefore resort to various legal and illegal ways. Islamic radical groups, of which they can be termed takfiri terrorists, are no exception to this rule and despite the emphasis on ideological and religious-spiritual issues, in order to grow and succeed, attracting audiences and followers through advertising, supplying weapons, carrying out terrorist operations and other everyday needs, they need access to enough funds to fulfill their goals. Therefore, the present research attempts to answer this key question What factors contributed to the persistence of Takfiri terrorism in different regions?. In order to answer this question, this hypothesis has been suggested that one of the effective factors in the non-destruction of Salafi-Takfiri groups due to the diversity of access routes for takfiri groups to multiple sources and their lack of dependence on a source of income to finance their expenses. in this regard, the most important sources of financial needs of the terrorist-takfiri groups that indicate their flexibility in adopting various methods of income generation are described in this paper and their economic approach to The future has also been explored. In this study, the descriptive-analytic method has been used. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

611 - Threats of the israeil and strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran to deal with it
omid jafarzadeh ahmad azin masoud jaafarinejhad

Since the formation of the Islamic Revolution because of the role of ideological issues, there has been a deep opposition between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Zionist regime. The Zionist regime has seen the Islamic Republic of Iran in contradiction with its nati More

Since the formation of the Islamic Revolution because of the role of ideological issues, there has been a deep opposition between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Zionist regime. The Zionist regime has seen the Islamic Republic of Iran in contradiction with its national security and interests, and as a result of this, it has tried to counteract the Islamic Republic of Iran by various strategies. Regarding this, the main question of the present article is that what is the Islamic Republic of Iran's software solutions to deal with the threats of the Zionist regime? In response to this hypothesis, the use of the potential of Shia Islam and Islamic teachings, along with the formation of the resistance front, are the main pillars of Iranian soft power in countering the threats of the Zionist regime. In this article the main objective, the outlines of the Islamic revolution's soft power in the face of the threats of the Zionist regime, and this would be the result that use soft power by the Islamic Republic of Iran, and decrease the security threats of the Zionist regime. The research method is descriptive-analytic and based on library studies Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

612 - War to necessi of survival threat and no US military strike against Iran
مرتضی نجم آبادی رامین بخشی احسان زرنگار

Abstract: After the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, led by Imam Khomeini, in the year 57, Iran has become a power of revisionism, which has always sought to change the order in the region and elsewhere in the world. Including shortening the hands of the trans More

Abstract: After the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, led by Imam Khomeini, in the year 57, Iran has become a power of revisionism, which has always sought to change the order in the region and elsewhere in the world. Including shortening the hands of the trans-regional imperialist powers such as the United States in the Middle East, issuing a revolution to the region and the world with Islamic claims, as well as supporting the oppressed and Muslim nations against global arrogance. With these interpretations, the United States has always threatened Iran with military strikes due to its domestic and regional policies and practices. But several times after the massive propaganda campaign against Iran, a military strike against Iran has been eliminated. In this paper, we try to answer the question of why the United States did not carry out the attack after repeatedly threatened Iran with a military strike؟ The hypothesis in response to this question is that major powers, including the United States, are once fighting for a war whose survival is at stake or the war is the last possible solution. Therefore, Iran is not a threat to the survival of the United States and has other solutions to contain Iran, so it does not need to go to war. The type of research is descriptive-analytic and the method of collecting library information and according to the documents and evidence available. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

613 - Qualitative Modeling of Training and Development Strategy in Sepah Bank of Iran with an Emphasis on Changing the Organizational Structure
Musa Rezvani Chaman Zamin

Considering the merger of Sepeh Bank and the importance of training and development for employees to achieve organizational goals, this research was conducted with the aim of qualitative modeling of training and development in Sepeh Bank of Iran with an emphasis on chan More

Considering the merger of Sepeh Bank and the importance of training and development for employees to achieve organizational goals, this research was conducted with the aim of qualitative modeling of training and development in Sepeh Bank of Iran with an emphasis on changing the organizational structure. The research method is a case study and a qualitative research type, and the collection tool is a semi-structured interview. The statistical population of the current research is the governors of the provinces, the management of the district affairs, the management of human capital affairs, the managers of Sepeh Bank, and the faculty members of the public administration department of the Islamic Azad University of Gilan province, numbering 543 people. Research participants, 22 people, including 15 managers at different levels of Sepeh Bank and 7 university professors, were selected with the purposeful sampling method. Finally, when the data collection reached saturation, the interview and data collection process was stopped. The data collection method was semi-structured interviews. The content analysis method was used to analyze the data, and open, central, and selective coding of the interviews was done with the Max Kyuda 2020 software. The research findings indicated that for the qualitative modeling of the training and development strategy in Sepeh Bank of Iran, emphasizing changing the organizational structure, special attention should be paid to the training needs, training effectiveness, and career advancement path. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

614 - The Effect of Explicit Strategy Training on EFL Learners’ Attitudes about Critical Thinking and Factors Affecting Its Successful Implementation
Parisa Bazaei Bahram Mowlaie Massood Yazdani Moghaddam

This study investigates the effect of strategy training on EFL learners’ attitudes regarding the concept and applicability of critical thinking in an educational context. To achieve this goal,80 EFL learners were selected using convenience sampling and homogenized based More

This study investigates the effect of strategy training on EFL learners’ attitudes regarding the concept and applicability of critical thinking in an educational context. To achieve this goal,80 EFL learners were selected using convenience sampling and homogenized based on the Oxford Placement Test.They completed a questionnaire adapted from Stupple et al.(2017) to assess their attitudes toward critical thinking,which served as the pre-test. Subsequently,the participants were divided into experimental and control groups.The experimental group underwent strategy training over10 sessions,during which various strategies were explained, and participants practiced using them to solve problems and exchange feedback.Additionally,they discussed the applicability and challenges associated with critical thinking in an educational context.The control group received mainstream instruction.After the treatment,both groups completed the same critical thinking questionnaire as the posttest.Furthermore,qualitative interviews were conducted with participants from the experimental group to gain an in-depth understanding. The data analysis revealed significant changes in the attitudes of the experimental group.Overall,this study follows a quasi-experimental explanatory sequential mixed-method design “In nature,the data analysis showed that,in general,the attitudes of the experimental group had changed significantly in the post-test compared to the control group.However,there was no significant difference in the attitude of the experimental and control groups regarding the applicability of strategy training for improving critical thinking and their ability to deploy critical thinking effectively.The results of the interviews and the comment section showed that teachers’ theoretical knowledge and willingness,EFL learners’ preparedness, and educational factors play important roles in the successful implementation of strategy training for developing critical thinking among EFL learners.” Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

615 - The role of text type on the use of metacognitive reading strategies: Iranian EFL learners' perceptions in focus
Somayeh Nilforoushan Mojgan Rashtchi Gholam-Reza Abbasian

The current study used a qualitative methodology to examine how Iranian EFL learners practically applied Metacognitive Reading Strategies (MRs) when reading narrative and expository English texts. The study also investigated the participants' perceptions of the impact o More

The current study used a qualitative methodology to examine how Iranian EFL learners practically applied Metacognitive Reading Strategies (MRs) when reading narrative and expository English texts. The study also investigated the participants' perceptions of the impact of text type on using MRs while reading narrative and expository English passages. The researchers selected 40 intermediate EFL learners studying TEFL at Islamic Azad University and Farhangyan University using purposive sampling as focused participants. The instruments employed included the Oxford Placement Test, semi-structured interviews, and think-aloud protocols. The data analysis involved theme-based analysis. The think-aloud protocol analysis indicated that participants employed multiple strategies when engaging with the expository text compared to the narrative text. The finding suggested that text types affected readers` overall performance. The semi-structured interviews revealed that learner's perceptions of text type played a vital role in reading different text types. The practical implications of the study were also discussed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

616 - Codification and Selection University management strategies using Blue Ocean approach (Case Study: University of Applied Science and Technology)
mohammad abdolshad Mohammad Moniri Armin Rahimi Behnam Bastani

The development of universities needs to design new and efficient strategies. In recent years, Blue Ocean approach has been recognized as the best method of strategic management. The purpose of this study is to develop and select appropriate strategies using the Blue Oc More

The development of universities needs to design new and efficient strategies. In recent years, Blue Ocean approach has been recognized as the best method of strategic management. The purpose of this study is to develop and select appropriate strategies using the Blue Ocean approach at the University of Applied Sciences. The research was descriptive and applied and Likert scale questionnaire was used for data collection. The population consisted of managers, professors and students at Rosta University of Applied Sciences in Semnan city. Sample size was calculated 80 by Cochran method. Internal factors evaluation indicated weakness and external factors matrix showed opportunities in the management of the universities. SWOT analysis revealed 12 strategies. QSPM matrix also showed that the strategy of establishment of the center for communication with organizations and industries is the first priority. Other strategies are respectively; considering the educational environment and facilities, development of cooperation with science and technology parks and knowledge based companies, expansion of practical courses, participation and cooperation with top universities, holding regional conferences, attracting young and talented faculty members, and determining research priorities, new intelligent educational methods and targeting of projects. Finally, some suggestions were provided to manage the University of Applied Sciences. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

617 - On the Relationship between Learning Strategies and EFL Learners’ Level of Proficiency
Mojtaba Mohammadi

Abstract This study mainly aims at investigating the relationship between learners’ use of learning strategies in the process of English language learning and their command of English among English students in university. Out of 368 freshmen English language stud More

Abstract This study mainly aims at investigating the relationship between learners’ use of learning strategies in the process of English language learning and their command of English among English students in university. Out of 368 freshmen English language students, 189 students studying English Language at Islamic Azad University - Roudehen Branch were selected applying cluster random sampling. Oxford's Strategy Inventory of Language Learning (SILL) and an ETS version of TOEFL examination (2003) were administered. The findings indicated that participants’ use of learning strategies in their study had correlation with their English proficiency level. Moreover, there is no significant difference between male and female students regarding the use of learning strategies in relation with their proficiency level.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

618 - A Comparison between Metacognitive Knowledge of Solving Problem and Primary School Students’ Level of Academic Achievement, Grades,and Sex
Zohreh Ababaf Hasan Pashasharifi

  Abstract  This paper  aims at investigating the metacognitive Knowledge of solving problem among primary school students with high and low school achievement. Two other variables of the students’ grade and sex were also accounted for. The partic More

  Abstract  This paper  aims at investigating the metacognitive Knowledge of solving problem among primary school students with high and low school achievement. Two other variables of the students’ grade and sex were also accounted for. The participants were 232 boy and girl students from forth and fifth grades which were randomly selected and divided into two groups of high  and low achievers . Swanson (1996) Metacognitive Questionnaire was used in the form of interview. The data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and the findings were : No significant difference was traced between metacognitive knowledge and the boy and girl students’ knowledge of strategies. Also, fifth graders were higher than forth graders regarding their metacognitive  and  strategy knowledge. It was even more significantly meaningful  in terms of the strategy knowledge. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

619 - Models and skills-based strategies of the virtual education system in the comprehensive scientific-applied university
مریم ابراهیمی

The rise of the information society has posed fundamental questions for the higher education system. The World Wide Web and the Internet have created innovative and revolutionary methods of education. New information and communication technologies have changed the way w More

The rise of the information society has posed fundamental questions for the higher education system. The World Wide Web and the Internet have created innovative and revolutionary methods of education. New information and communication technologies have changed the way we learn and, in general, how to live, and have introduced new ways of exchanging knowledge and information. These technologies can be used to strengthen or replace existing higher education systems. Accordingly, information and communication technology plays a key role in improving the quality of higher education and is the basis of sustainable competitive advantage for higher education institutions in general and the University of Applied Sciences in particular. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

620 - Designing Strategic Thinking Model for Applied Academic Universities
habib kamari Mohammad Nourian Nader Soleimani Esmat MasudiNadushan

Nowadays’ the lack of strategic thinking is one of basic shortages in organizations which decreases the possibility of recognizing the new opportunities. The present research has been done to design the strategic thinking pattern by a combined method (quantitative More

Nowadays’ the lack of strategic thinking is one of basic shortages in organizations which decreases the possibility of recognizing the new opportunities. The present research has been done to design the strategic thinking pattern by a combined method (quantitative and qualitative) in order to design a strategic thinking model for managers of the applied Sciences university. It is applied in terms of purpose.The statistical society of this research contains twenty people chosen among Experts and scholars in skill- based and applied teaching working at the universities and industrial centers.In this study, Delphi’s technique is used and the collected information resources contain experiences, interviews with scholars, and the review of researches done on the subject of strategic thinking in and out of Iran. Based on it, eighty two thinking indicators were recognized which decreased to sixty one indicators during four stages of Delphi’s technique finally.The result of analyses and the use of SPSS software to analyze the date and getting a conceptual pattern is related to the study of manager strategic thinking on four parameters- individual, organizational, witnessed and systematic view, 11 components and 61 concepts. It is suggested that the introduced conceptual pattern in this research be evaluated through structural relation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

621 - Identifying Dimensions of Organizational Excellence with Emphasis on EFQM Model in Islamic Azad University
Mohammad Reza Imani Geleh Pordesari Fattah Nazem samad karimzadeh

The purpose of this study was to Identifying dimensions of organizational excellence with emphasis on EFQM model in Islamic Azad University. The research method was fundamental in terms of purpose and in terms of data type it was a combination (qualitative-quantitative) More

The purpose of this study was to Identifying dimensions of organizational excellence with emphasis on EFQM model in Islamic Azad University. The research method was fundamental in terms of purpose and in terms of data type it was a combination (qualitative-quantitative) one. The statistical population of the qualitative research part included academic experts and managers of the Central Organization of Islamic Azad University. In the quantitative part, all the staff of the Central Organization of Islamic Azad University were 1535 people participated in the study. The sample size in the qualitative part was determined using the theoretical principle of saturation. Twenty people were selected by purposeful method. In the quantitative part, 320 people were selected as the sample using Cochran's formula and by random sampling method. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part. In a quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire which had 97 organizational excellence questions with an emphasis on EFQM. The method of data analysis in qualitative part, was data based; also, in the quantitative part, descriptive statistics methods were used and in the inferential part of the factor analysis methods exploration were used. The results showed that the components of organizational excellence in Islamic Azad University, with emphasis on the model of European Quality Management Foundation, including learning, employee productivity, customer results, employee innovation, leadership, policy and strategy, partnerships and resources, processes, key performance results, employees, staff results and Community result were identified. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

622 - The Determining human resource strategies in implementing the strategy in the field of health, based on DELPHI and AHP techniques
Mojtaba Moradi Farshad Hajalian Majid Jahangirfard Ali Mahdizadeh Ashrafi

The aim of this study was to determine the strategies of human resources in implementing the strategy in the field of health through qualitative-quantitative method. The statistical population in the qualitative section was a group of deans of medical universities and s More

The aim of this study was to determine the strategies of human resources in implementing the strategy in the field of health through qualitative-quantitative method. The statistical population in the qualitative section was a group of deans of medical universities and senior managers of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, and in the quantitative section were senior and middle managers of the staff of medical universities. In the qualitative part of the snowball sampling method, 20 people and in the quantitative part with the available sampling method, 20 people were selected as a statistical sample. Data in the qualitative part were extracted by performing Delphi technique with a semi-structured questionnaire in the first round and structured in the next rounds and in a quantitative part by performing a matrix questionnaire on a statistical sample and analyzed using SPSS and EXPERT CHOICE software. And analyzed. Qualitative findings showed that "human resource strategies" have six dimensions: and "strategy implementation" have three dimensions and nine components: There were structural dimensions, environmental dimension and behavioral dimension. The results of the quantitative section showed that in the strategies of supply and training of human resources, the component of macro environment, in the strategies of evaluating the performance of human resources and development and improvement, the component of the structure of the executive organization, in the strategy of compensation, the component of behavior In the employee participation strategy, the specific environment component has been of the highest importance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

623 - Designing a model of factors affecting the cooperation between education and municipalities in order to achieve the goals of the Education Transformation Document
Saber Hedari Fardin Batmani Fardin Abdoalahi

The purpose of this study is to design a model of factors affecting the cooperation between education and municipalities to achieve the goals of the Education Transformation Document with a grounded theory approach. This research has a qualitative approach and the data More

The purpose of this study is to design a model of factors affecting the cooperation between education and municipalities to achieve the goals of the Education Transformation Document with a grounded theory approach. This research has a qualitative approach and the data theory method (grounded theory) has been used as the research method. The method of data collection is studying theoretical foundations and in-depth and open interviews with 25 principals, assistants, experts and teachers who are aware of the research topic. The sampling method was continued purposefully and to the point of theoretical saturation. To analyze the data, continuous comparison method was used during the three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Data analysis showed that 34 concept codes and 11 main categories are among the most important factors affecting the cooperation between education and municipalities to achieve the goals of the Education Transformation Document. Also, one of the proposed effective strategies for more cooperation is the contract between education and the municipality, as well as planning. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

624 - Providing a process model of surrogacy based on data theory theory (Case Study: Imam Khomeini Relief Committee)
F. Mahmudi Nader Bohlouli jafar‬ beikzad Gholamreza Rahimi

The purpose of this study was to present a process model of surrogacy by using the data theory theory of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee. This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of a survey-exploration approach. The statistical population of this study More

The purpose of this study was to present a process model of surrogacy by using the data theory theory of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee. This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of a survey-exploration approach. The statistical population of this study consisted of a group of human resources management experts including university professors, human resources consultants, and senior managers of the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee who were interviewed in depth. This selection and interview continued until the theoretical saturation and then stopped. In this study, snowball sampling method was used . In such a way that the first expert was selected on the basis of initial reviews and the opinion of the respected supervisor, and after completing the interview with the first person, he or she was asked to identify another person or persons who could replace the staff managers in the field. The Imam Khomeini Relief Committee is a consultant and will help enrich the research model. This process continued until the theoretical saturation of the researcher. Finally, this method was interviewed by 9 experts. In this study, since the data theory approach was used, the main tool for data collection was in-depth and unstructured interviews with HR experts. Finally, after open, axial, and triple coding, the conceptual model of research was designed based on the paradigm model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

625 - Rereading and structural analysis of revolts in Shahnameh
ali asmand gunegani

 AbstractOne of the political and social phenomena in Ferdowsi’s epic is the different uprisings and revolts that occurred due to the injustice and cruelties of the kings.  In between the stories of evil kings in ancient Iran Ferdowsi had recorded these More

 AbstractOne of the political and social phenomena in Ferdowsi’s epic is the different uprisings and revolts that occurred due to the injustice and cruelties of the kings.  In between the stories of evil kings in ancient Iran Ferdowsi had recorded these revolts in his lofty masterpiece. The uprisings had occurred in Iran’s society for different motives.  The purpose of this article is to analyze Shahnameh’s uprisings in terms of structure.  Meanwhile the kings without a Divine Farr are recognized those against whom the revolts had occurred and in this way the reasons behind Ferdowsi’s dealing with the uprisings against kings in Shahnameh which is the book of kings are enumerated.  Employing library and documentary sources and applying descriptive analytic method all the actions leading to uprisings against kings are studied and the strategies used in the revolts as one of the political and social phenomena are analyzed in view of Ferdowsi’s power of visualization and poetic talent.  The results obtained show that different factors were involved in each revolt and the majority of them led to rulers’ downfall.. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

626 - A TOPSIS-Based Improved Weighting Approach With Evolutionary Computation
Mithat Zeydan Murat Güngör Burak Urazel

10.30495/TFSS.2024.1115434

Although optimization of weighted objectives is ubiquitous in production scheduling, the literature concerning the determination of weights used in these objectives is scarce. Authors usually suppose that weights are given in advance, and focus on the solution methods f More

Although optimization of weighted objectives is ubiquitous in production scheduling, the literature concerning the determination of weights used in these objectives is scarce. Authors usually suppose that weights are given in advance, and focus on the solution methods for the specific problem at hand. However, weights directly settle the class of optimal solutions, and are of utmost importance in any practical scheduling problem. In this study, we propose a new weighting approach for single machine scheduling problems. First, factor weights to be used in customer evaluation are found by solving a nonlinear optimization problem using the covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy (CMAES) under fuzzy environment that takes a pairwise comparison matrix as input. Next, customers are sorted using the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) by means of which job weights are obtained. Finally, taking these weights as an input, a total weighted tardiness minimization problem is solved by using mixed-integer linear programming to find the best job sequence. This combined methodology may help companies make robust schedules not based purely on subjective judgment, find the best compromise between customer satisfaction and business needs, and thereby ensure profitability in the long run. Manuscript profile

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