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Open Access Article
1 - The Impact of the Doctrine of Resistance on International Political Developments
Khosro Vafaei SadiThis article discus the relationship between the Doctrine of Resistance and political developments in Iran's foreign policy, as well as in regional and international politics. It begins by discussing the issue of instability, insecurity, and war in the Middle East in th MoreThis article discus the relationship between the Doctrine of Resistance and political developments in Iran's foreign policy, as well as in regional and international politics. It begins by discussing the issue of instability, insecurity, and war in the Middle East in the 21st century, and questions the influence of political movements on the region's developments. In response to this question, the article presents a multi-layered hypothesis, which is explained in three sections. The hypothesis suggests that the Islamic Doctrine of Resistance, as the most significant political, cultural, and military movement, has had a significant impact on military-political developments. In fact, the comprehensive impact of the Islamic Resistance movement on Iran's foreign policy, the developments in the Middle East, and international politics and system constitute the overall structure of this hypothesis. The mobilization, organization, training, and deployment of volunteer forces from various Islamic countries against the Western invading and occupying front led by the United States and regional allies such as Israel and Saudi Arabia have been the most important function of the Islamic Resistance front. Through the formulation of grand and shortcut strategies, designing operations, long-term planning, and overall management, the Islamic Resistance movement, led by the 21st-century strategist martyr Qasem Soleimani, has been able to overcome heavy and unprecedented military attacks on the Middle East and achieve significant victories in regional and international arenas, inflicting heavy losses on the enemy front. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Improving stability of microgrids using adaptive sliding mode controller
Mehdi MotevaselToday, microgrids are an important part of smart distribution networks, which include all kinds of renewable energy production sources and can operate either connected or disconnected from the main grid. Microgrid controllers play the most important role for the satisfa MoreToday, microgrids are an important part of smart distribution networks, which include all kinds of renewable energy production sources and can operate either connected or disconnected from the main grid. Microgrid controllers play the most important role for the satisfactory automatic operation and control of the microgrid during operation in grid-connected and islanded mode. By adjusting the production capacities of scattered energy sources, the grid controller can increase the stability of the microgrid in the event of a short circuit error, switching and other disturbances.In this article, the stability of the microgrid in the grid-connected state is investigated when disturbances and additional harmonics are applied as a result of disconnection and connection moment or when the state changes from the island state to the grid-connected state. For this purpose, a control scheme based on adaptive sliding model has been proposed. Also, to show the resistance and efficiency of the control system, the Lyapunov stability analysis method has been used. The simulation results show that the interference caused by the interference in the microgrid inverter and the disturbance effect have been removed and the tracking has been obtained with high accuracy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The dynamics of plasmoid instability in the presence of asymmetric parallel shear flow.
Hossein Lotfi Mahboub Hosseinpour -
Open Access Article
4 - The impact of higher order modes on transverse mode instability in bent optical fiber amplifiers
Sajjad Vazeerpour Mahdi Shayganmanesh Davoud Dorranian -
Open Access Article
5 - Investigation of MHD instabilities in tokamak plasmas Using biorthogonal decomposition of Mirnov coil data
Habib Mehrniya Mohammad Kazem Salem Ahmad Salar Elahi -
Open Access Article
6 - Effect of transverse wiggler magnetic field on the growth rate of Raman backscattering of X-mode laser in rippled density plasma
Hitendra Malik Manish Dwivedi -
Open Access Article
7 - Theoretical modelling of Terahertz acoustic wave generated by a femtosecond laser pulse in a dense plasma having density gradient
Dr. Sandeep Hitendra K. Malik -
Open Access Article
8 - Effect of general rotation on Rayleigh–Taylor instability of two superposed fluids with suspended particles
G. A. Hoshoudy Pardeep Kumar -
Open Access Article
9 - Gradient effects on dust lattice waves in paramagnetic dusty plasma crystals
Mehran Shahmansouri -
Open Access Article
10 - Modification of surface energy and electrical and thermal properties of spherical polypyrrole nanoparticles synthesized by CTAB for potential application as a conductive ink
Kasra Vahidi Yousef Seyed Jalili -
Open Access Article
11 - Role of dust on the gradient driven instability in an E×B plasma
Munish Munish Dimple Sharma Babu Lal Sukhmander Singh -
Open Access Article
12 - Analytical solution of Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a Hall thruster having double-ionized ions
Dhananjay Verma Hitendra K. Malik -
Open Access Article
13 - Effect of dust on tilted electrostatic resistive instability in a Hall thruster
Jasvendra Tyagi Sukhmander Singh Hitendra K. Malik -
Open Access Article
14 - Low and high frequency instabilities in an explosion-generated-plasma and possibility of wave triplet
O. P. Malik Sukhmander Singh Hitendra K. Malik A. Kumar -
Open Access Article
15 - Optical bistability of a plexcitonic system consisting of a quantum dot near a metallic nanorod
Tayebeh Naseri Nader Daneshfar -
Open Access Article
16 - Transverse perturbation on three-dimensional ion acoustic waves in electron–positron–ion plasma with high-energy tail electron and positron distribution
M. Shahmansouri E. Astaraki -
Open Access Article
17 - Amplitude modulation of three-dimensional low-frequency solitary waves in a magnetized dusty superthermal plasma
Shalini A. P. Misra N. S. Saini -
Open Access Article
18 - Low relativistic effects on the modulational instability of rogue waves in electronegative plasmas
Chérif S. Panguetna Conrad B. Tabi Timoléon C. Kofané -
Open Access Article
19 - Terahertz optical bistability of graphene-coated cylindrical core–shell nanoparticles
Tayebeh Naseri Nader Daneshfar Milad Moradi-Dangi Fereshteh Eynipour-Malaee -
Open Access Article
20 - Multi-dimensional instability of dust-ion-acoustic solitary structure with opposite polarity ions and non-thermal electrons
M. M. Haider O. Rahman -
Open Access Article
21 - Prioritize the components of deferred receivables in the policy-making of Sepah Bank financial system
afshin godarzy mahmod rezaizade mashalla valikhani alireza shirvanijozdaniBackground and Aim: Undoubtedly, one of the consequences of the monetary activity of banks and credit institutions is the emergence of delinquent receivables, which has a significant impact on the economic system. In addition to reducing the profitability of banks, this MoreBackground and Aim: Undoubtedly, one of the consequences of the monetary activity of banks and credit institutions is the emergence of delinquent receivables, which has a significant impact on the economic system. In addition to reducing the profitability of banks, this slows down the circulation of liquidity in the economy, the lack of timely allocation of credit to productive demand in industry, mining, trade and agriculture, and ultimately the economic downturn. The purpose of this study is to introduce Sepah Bank model for collecting Sepah Bank overdue receivables. We are also looking for the dimensions of the components and indicators of the Sepah Bank arrears collection model and what are the relationships between these dimensions and components. Method: The statistical population of this study includes 323 employees of Sepah Bank. Using simple random sampling method and Morgan table, 181 people were selected as the sample size. The method of data collection is content analysis and Delphi technique. The research environment has been the first-hand sources of reputable databases in the period of 2009 to 1399 in the field of collection of overdue bank receivables. The number of samples in the qualitative section, including 20 experts for surveying, analysis and coding of the researcher, reached theoretical saturation. The sampling method was purposive. Confirmatory factor analysis techniques have been used for inferential data analysis. Finding: Environmental factors with a factor load of 0.707 and a T-statistic of 4.992 have a direct and significant effect on the pattern of arrears collection. Therefore, environmental factors have a positive and significant effect on the pattern of collection of arrears. Organizational factors with a factor load of 0.630 and a T-statistic of 3.120 have a direct and significant effect on the pattern of arrears collection. Results: Organizational factors have a positive and significant effect on the pattern of receipt of arrears. Legal factors with a factor load of 0.581 affect the pattern of receivables. Legal factors have a positive and significant effect on the pattern of collection of arrears. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Causes of political instability in the zone of Middle East and Persian Gulf at sociological point of view
Mehdi rohani Maryam doreestani“Internal vulnerability” and “ external threats and violence” are two main causes that play a critical role in political instabilityand development of regional and national insecurity. In the essential region of Middle East and Persian Gulf, seri More“Internal vulnerability” and “ external threats and violence” are two main causes that play a critical role in political instabilityand development of regional and national insecurity. In the essential region of Middle East and Persian Gulf, series ofinternal factors potentially can threat to debilitate or destroy territorial patterns and governing institutions. And unfortunatelyexternal causes that were invited to the region by some countries tend to make a counterbalance of power, and also losing ofbalance in socio-cultural abilities in such an old and traditional zone, they play a dual role to instigate internal forces ofcountries to undergo a change based on two purposes of diplomatic association and back to the origin and even directintervention in some Middle East countries based on private motives.Following to this situation and development of internal demands for involving the process of making government like whatwe saw in recent changes, it bears extra pressure to some governments that the policy of negotiation with foreign balanceforces, weaken their internal legitimate bases and usually their political systems are disable to answer these internal demands.The main point of discussion is studying the meaningful relation between external variants (presence of foreign militaryforces in the region and Zionism régime) and internal factors( like making governments powerful, socio-cultural structure,organizations and state and national ability to associate with politics, condition of social wealth, …) and their effects oninternal instability and national security of local countries of Middle East.In this article we try to study the factors of diplomatic instability and insecurity of Arabic countries of the zone based on twodistinct levels at the same time their affects at a sociology point of view. First we proceed the external causes of instabilitythat actually make use of situation and internal condition of these countries and then refer to internal instability that underinfluence of external factors. Finally we aim to escape from harmful security patterns that turn around intervention ofexternal factors, and make a permanent political stability based on local structure in countries of the zone. And presentsolutions based on new factors of diplomatic and local powers with the purpose of encounter with pattern of power balance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The Role of Urban Structure in Resiliency Against Earthquake
هاله سادات نبوی رضوی Sayed Mohsen Habibi منوچهر طبیبیانIn contemporary cities, quantitative and qualitative problems have been increasing unprecedentedly. Cities as the most complex man-made structure are facing with a wide variety of risks and numerous vulnerabilities. Disasters, whether caused by humans or nature, impose MoreIn contemporary cities, quantitative and qualitative problems have been increasing unprecedentedly. Cities as the most complex man-made structure are facing with a wide variety of risks and numerous vulnerabilities. Disasters, whether caused by humans or nature, impose significant threats to sustainability. Specifically natural disasters and its impacts on the environment can lead to catastrophes that are often irreversible. Earthquake is one of the major unpleasant natural tragedies which unfortunately produces a huge destruction in a very short period of time and as a result so many suffering and devastation appears in the cities. Resiliency as an emerging concept in urban development, is a new approach to design flexible cities to confront shocks and vibrations that provides vulnerability reduction in cities against the stress and shocks. In fact, Resilience has become an important goal for cities particularly in the face of earthquakes. This concept which was adapted from ecological sciences, imagines cities like living organisms which in face of a variety of stresses, should be released or otherwise it fails and the system breaks down. Furthermore, Main urban structure of a city is an important factor in organized cities on the ground that recognition of it will help urban planners and designers to plan networks, main elements and spaces for cities. Urban structure is composed of sets of main axis and interconnected networks of land-use and various and different urban elements that cause integrity in a city. This structure extends its components in whole of a city and it is a basis for cities spatial-physical organization. It represents the cities general characteristics. Due to the fact that size of city, complexity and multiple issues, urban planners and designers can concentrate on urban structure instead of focusing on all of components in a city and it can helps them to find solutions more easily. This paper aims to re-examine the characteristic of urban main structure and its relationship with resiliency against natural disasters like earthquakes. Community actions in cities are always affected by urban form and structures. Physical structures of cities have drastic effects on the occurring of phenomena and community reaction. It should be regarded as an important point in the face of disasters like an earthquake. The main questions of the paper are: what is the urban structure and what are its dimensions? Is there any relationship between urban structure and changing the level of resiliency against earthquakes in cities? Therefore, urban structure and its dimensions should be surveyed. In the first step, this research aims to explain urban structure and its important dimensions based on expert's opinions. In the second step, resiliency definitions in different domains are investigated. Next, different type of resiliency conceptual patterns which are engineering, multi-equilibria and ecological are explained, and the most appropriate one for cities are selected in connection with urban structure. Finally, the relationship between the urban structure and the level of resiliency on it will be investigated and it shows that it’s possible to enhance the resilience of cities through design or redesigning urban structures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Recognition of the components of sustainability and their impact on increasing social interactions in housing (case study: ABAAZAR. neighborhood, Tehran)
Mitra Ghafourian Mitra Ghafourian وحید افشین مهر Zahra Norouzi zadehEarly in the last century , growth of urbanization, leads to expansion of residential construction and at the same time leads to less attention to the quality of the housing. But in recent decades and in the context of increasing international attention to various aspec MoreEarly in the last century , growth of urbanization, leads to expansion of residential construction and at the same time leads to less attention to the quality of the housing. But in recent decades and in the context of increasing international attention to various aspects of sustainable development , including economic development , social-cultural development , preserve and enhance the environment and also And also noticing the issues relating to the quality of human life , the quest for social sustainability in housing complexes has become more important . According to the social dimensions of human, achieve physical and psychological needs depends on the interaction with other people . Housing as a place where people spend the high percentage of their life in it could cause participation and collaboration of family in a greater society and be a suitable place for increasing human social interaction . In the past, individuals’ social interactions were in their location and in public areas which was between houses and in every neighborhood. But in modern times by vertical connections that were created in the last century residential complexes, the lack of these interactions is felt that the lack of attention to this human fundamental need which means to interact with others, can cause irreparable damages including loss of sense of belonging to the community and also loss of security, individualism and etc. This study aims at identify and recognition the impact of the components of sustainability on the social dimension of housing and also discussing their individual and social factors on increasing social interactions in urban life. With the assumption that social sustainability improve residents' sense of belonging, participation and increasing social interactions of people. Data which are gathered in this research includes documentary studies and measurements through the questionnaire. Identify and assess the components is done with correlation and analysis of quantitative data by using statistical methods. The results show that the components of participation, identity, sense of belonging and security, respectively, have the greatest impact on increasing the level of social interaction among the residents of the residential complexes of ABAAZAR neighborhood . Based on the results of the two categories of individual and social factors defining the social interaction, social factors has known as the most influential factor on increasing social interactions. The analysis of individual factors and social factors, led to the proposed model of the research. According to this model, it can be said that on the one hand social interactions on the basis of Subscriptions between individual’s factors of residents of residential complexes and on the other hand social factors is defined. The overlap of these factors can also increase social interaction in the residential complex. Finally, based on the findings of research proposals as architecture- urban planning solutions to improve the performance of municipal managers, designers and the construction of residential areas, in accordance with the principles and values of social stability and increasing levels of social interaction in the neighborhood and housing complexes have been proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Participation of Mental Patients in the Process of Designing Curative Gardens to Increase the Social Stability in Therapeutic Centers
Arezoo Ali abbaszadeh rezaii Leila Medghalchi Farzin HaghparastDue to the innate tendency of human beings to interact with nature and the significant effects of communication with nature in the human soul and body, human beings have always sought to create a logical and appropriate relationship between indoor space and outdoor natu MoreDue to the innate tendency of human beings to interact with nature and the significant effects of communication with nature in the human soul and body, human beings have always sought to create a logical and appropriate relationship between indoor space and outdoor nature. The quality of natural environments not only is not limited to the health and well-being of individuals, but it also provides their spiritual and psychological needs, paves the way for development and progress, identity formation, and extraction of various environmental experiences such as fun, vitality, and mind retrieval. Healing is a term that repeatedly seeks to enhance human comfort in the natural landscape. It is a quality that encompasses both body and mind, and generally refers to the spatial nature that cares about human health and improves it directly affects the human psyche. There are two common types of green space with healing properties: sensory gardens, which offer passive health benefits, and therapeutic (physical) gardens provide active relief. Along with the formation of human societies, the phenomenon of participation has emerged in order to strengthen social relations regarding the diversity of attitudes and schools. The definition of social sustainability refers to four key elements: social justice (meaning equal opportunities and human rights for all people, both now and for future generations), social solidarity (meaning empathy), participation (meaning providing opportunities for each individual in society so that each person can improve their quality of life) and security (meaning providing security in livelihood and Against natural hazards). Nowadays, stress is the cause of mental disorders in society. Due to the fact that a large number of people face a lack of medical centers appropriate to their moods, their needs, and using concepts related to social sustainability, the design of medical spaces can be solved by involving the audience according to their wishes. In the present study, by using qualitative strategy and using library studies, and applying the description-analysis method and effective components of the healing garden in improving patients. To determine the participation approach, the relationship of each component with the type of patient participation was identified through study and conclusion, which identified four types of participation approaches. First, in the planning stage, by selecting operating groups with an interpretive approach based on evidence-based design, the wishes and needs of patients are identified. Then, in cases of components that need to get enough information from patients, information is obtained through various tools such as questionnaires, interviews, etc. In the design stage, by reviewing the initial solutions and ideas obtained from the planning stage, using the regionalism approach to the indigenous cultural and historical features of the region, along with the universal design, which refers to the free and flexible design, to all tastes. The right answer will be given and the final product will be obtained with collective ideas. In all these approaches, the type of patient participation due to their specificity and personal limitations of individuals is indirectly discussed in the plan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - A new approach to using the cubic B-spline functions to solve the Black-Scholes equation
Hossein Aminikhah Seyyed Javad AlaviNowadays, options are common financial derivatives. For this reason, by increase of applications for these financial derivatives, the problem of options pricing is one of the most important economic issues. With the development of stochastic models, the need for randoml MoreNowadays, options are common financial derivatives. For this reason, by increase of applications for these financial derivatives, the problem of options pricing is one of the most important economic issues. With the development of stochastic models, the need for randomly computational methods caused the generation of a new field called financial engineering. In the financial engineering the presentation of Black-Scholes model in 1973, attracted the attention of economists to the partial differential equations more than past. Therefore, we need a simple and precise solution for this kind of partial differential equations to determine the pricing option contracts. In this article the cubic B-spline collocation method has been used in the form of a difference method to solving Black-Scholes partial differential equation. Using this method as simplicity as finite difference method and does not have complex computation of traditional B-spline collocation method. The use of this method leads to a system of tridiagonal algebraic equations which is suitable for computer programming. The stability and convergence of this method is discussed and numerical results are presented for European and American options. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The new implicit finite difference scheme for two-sided space-time fractional partial differential equation
Hamid Reza Khodabandehlo Elyas Shivanian Shaaban MostafaeeFractional order partial differential equations are generalizations of classical partial differential equations. Increasingly, these models are used in applications such as fluid flow, finance and others. In this paper we examine some practical numerical methods to solv MoreFractional order partial differential equations are generalizations of classical partial differential equations. Increasingly, these models are used in applications such as fluid flow, finance and others. In this paper we examine some practical numerical methods to solve a class of initial- boundary value fractional partial differential equations with variable coefficients on a finite domain. Stability, consistency, and (therefore) convergence of the method are examined. It is shown that the fractional method based on the shifted Grunwald formula is unconditionally stable. This study concerns both theoretical and numerical aspects, where we deal with the construction and convergence analysis of the discretization schemes. A numerical example is presented and compared with exact solution for its order of convergence./////////Fractional order partial differential equations are generalizations of classical partial differential equations. Increasingly, these models are used in applications such as fluid flow, finance and others. In this paper we examine some practical numerical methods to solve a class of initial- boundary value fractional partial differential equations with variable coefficients on a finite domain. Stability, consistency, and (therefore) convergence of the method are examined. It is shown that the fractional method based on the shifted Grunwald formula is unconditionally stable. This study concerns both theoretical and numerical aspects, where we deal with the construction and convergence analysis of the discretization schemes. A numerical example is presented and compared with exact solution for its order of convergence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Mathematical Model and Algorithm for sequencing operations in the machine building industry
M. fallah N. ghoraniIn this paper, the problem of sequencing machines in the final assembly line with regard to the supply of parts has been investigated. For this reason, a basic integer linear programming model has been developed and based on this, the problem-solving algorithm is develo MoreIn this paper, the problem of sequencing machines in the final assembly line with regard to the supply of parts has been investigated. For this reason, a basic integer linear programming model has been developed and based on this, the problem-solving algorithm is developed in accordance with the reaction-based approach based on the renewal of the sequence of operations. Also, due to the Np-hardness of the problem, a meta-innovative method based on the variable-neighborhood search algorithm is presented. To evaluate the proposed solution method, a sample of library issues was used and to simulate the disruption event, test questions were designed in large, medium and small dimensions. The results show that, in three categories of problems, the proposed meta-innovation method is approaching it in a very appropriate way compared to the best available method. In addition, due to the solving time, it is much more efficient than the optimal solution method and is responsive. The immediate needs are to update the sequence of operations in the face of disturbances created in the car production line. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Dual Frontiers in Non-convex Data Envelopment Analysis: Efficiency and In-efficiency Assessment and Stability Analysis
Nasim Nasrabadi Sheyda AyatiAbstractBasic models of Data Envelopment Analysis intrinsically evaluate the decision making units with an optimistic point of view, in the sense that the efficiency status of each unit is evaluated by means of calculating its distance from the efficiency frontier. The MoreAbstractBasic models of Data Envelopment Analysis intrinsically evaluate the decision making units with an optimistic point of view, in the sense that the efficiency status of each unit is evaluated by means of calculating its distance from the efficiency frontier. The efficiency frontier is in fact composed of all units indicating the best practice, in the sense that for each one there exist no other (virtual) unit with a better performance. A unit located on this frontier is called fully efficient and non-efficient, otherwise. In order to provide a more precise assessment, one can evaluate units with a pessimistic point of view, in the sense that a frontier consisting of the worst performance, called the in-efficient frontier is formed and then each unit is evaluated with respect to its distance from this frontier, in a way that the closer the unit to the in-efficient frontier, the more in-efficient it is. In this paper, assuming that the production technology is non-convex, we perform efficiency and in-efficiency evaluation and then, based on the optimal value of the corresponding (in-) efficiency model, we partition all units in two subsets called (in-)efficient and non- (in-)efficient units. Then we investigate the concept of stability of the obtained partitions, by means of presenting related multi objective programs. In the next step, assuming that the input and output data of all units are real intervals, we deal with the efficiency and in-efficiency analysis of units and partition them into three subsets, in each case. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Turing instability and pattern formation in reaction-diffusion models
َAli AtabaigiPatterns are found everywhere and the past fifty years studies have advanced our understanding of the mechanisms . In this paper, we study those systems that develop temporary patterns. Special emphasis is made on Turing instabilities as one of the most common sources o MorePatterns are found everywhere and the past fifty years studies have advanced our understanding of the mechanisms . In this paper, we study those systems that develop temporary patterns. Special emphasis is made on Turing instabilities as one of the most common sources of pattern formation. Gierer-Meinhardt model acts as one of prototypical reaction diffusion systems describing pattern formation phenomena in natural events. Bifurcation analysis, including theoretical and numerical analysis, is carried out on the Gierer-Meinhardt activator-substrate model. The effects of diffusion on the stability of equilibrium points is investigated. It shows that under some conditions, diffusion-driven instability, i.e, the Turing instability, about the equilibrium point will occur, which is stable without diffusion. These diffusion-driven instabilities will lead to the occurrence of spatially nonhomogeneous solutions. Consequently, some pattern formations, like stripe and spots solutions, will appear. To illustrate theoretical analysis, we carry out numerical simulations. These diffusion-driven instabilities will lead to the occurrence of spatially nonhomogeneous solutions. Consequently, some pattern formations, like stripe and spots solutions, will appear. To illustrate theoretical analysis, we carry out numerical simulations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - A new symmetric two-step P-stable Obrechkoff method with 12 algebraic order for the numerical solution of second-order IVPs
ali shokri abbas-ali shokri Mohammad Mehdizadeh Khalsarei firoz pashaieA new two-step implicit P-stable Obrechkoff of twelfth algebraic order with vanished phase-lag and its first, second and third derivatives is constructed in this paper. The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient algorithm for the approximate solution of the se MoreA new two-step implicit P-stable Obrechkoff of twelfth algebraic order with vanished phase-lag and its first, second and third derivatives is constructed in this paper. The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient algorithm for the approximate solution of the second order iniitial value problems that have oscillatory or periodic solutions. This algorithm belongs in the category of the multistep and multiderivative methods. The advantage of the new methods in comparison with similar methods, in terms of efficiency, accuracy and stability, have been showed by the implementation of them in some important problems, including the undamped Duffing equation, etc. -------------- A new two-step implicit P-stable Obrechkoff of twelfth algebraic order with vanished phase-lag and its first, second and third derivatives is constructed in this paper. The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient algorithm for the approximate solution of the second order iniitial value problems that have oscillatory or periodic solutions. This algorithm belongs in the category of the multistep and multiderivative methods. The advantage of the new methods in comparison with similar methods, in terms of efficiency, accuracy and stability, have been showed by the implementation of them in some important problems, including the undamped Duffing equation, etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Numerical solution of the SIR epidemic model using the non-standard finite difference method
Abdulrahman Yaghoubi Hashem Saberi NajafiIn this paper, a special case of the finite difference method which is called non-standard finite difference method is studied for the numerical solution of a mathematical model of epidemic diseases. The constructed non-standard finite difference schemes have the main p MoreIn this paper, a special case of the finite difference method which is called non-standard finite difference method is studied for the numerical solution of a mathematical model of epidemic diseases. The constructed non-standard finite difference schemes have the main properties of the continuous model such as positivity, boundedness, and stability. The stability of the equilibrium points of the system is investigated. The proposed non-standard finite difference schemes are convergent to the equilibrium points of the system. In solving nonlinear problems, one of the important advantages of this method is that nonlinear term discretized with nonlocal approximations. In most cases, non-standard finite difference schemes are stable even when large step sizes are considered. Therefore, using non-standard method will be cost-effective in dynamical systems that are studied over a large time interval. Numerical examples confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the non-standard finite difference method.Keywords: Non-Standard Finite Difference Method, SIR Model, Equilibrium Points. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - On the stability of unbounded differential equations in fuzzy k-normed spaces via fixed point method
M. Madadi Reza SaadatiFirst, using triangular norms and fuzzy sets, we define fuzzy k - normed spaces and then we study the stability of a class of differential equations. We apply a fixed point theorem to prove our stability results. Radu was the first mathematician who applied the fixed po MoreFirst, using triangular norms and fuzzy sets, we define fuzzy k - normed spaces and then we study the stability of a class of differential equations. We apply a fixed point theorem to prove our stability results. Radu was the first mathematician who applied the fixed point method to prove the stability of functional equations both in normed spaces and random normed spaces. We consider the differential equation υ ʹ (ν ) = Г(ν, υ(ν)),which the related integral equation is υ (ν) = υ (m) - ∫_m^ν Г(τ, υ(τ)) dτ.In this article, by a fuzzy control function, we make stable the pseudo integral equation related to the differential equation. Next, we get an approximation for the pseudo integral equation by using the fixed point method. These results prove‎ Hyers - Ulam - Rassias stability and Hyers - Ulam stability in fuzzy k- normed spaces via fixed point method‎. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Mittag-Leffler-Hyers-Ulam Stability For A First Order Delay Functional Differential Equation
leyla Sajedi Nasrin EghbaliIn this paper, At first we define Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam and the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability and then by using the fixed point method, we prove the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam and the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for the first order delay dif MoreIn this paper, At first we define Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam and the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability and then by using the fixed point method, we prove the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam and the Mittag-Leffer-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for the first order delay differential equation of the form I can not transfer formulae here. Which F is a bounded continuous function and Τ is a fixed real number.For interval I, suppose that F is a continuous function such that satisfy the following conditionI can not transfer formulae here.Now suppose that the function F satisfy the following conditionI can not transfer formulae here.which Eq is Mittag-Leffler function. In this case there exists a unique function such that we have I can not transfer formulae here.for all... and ....In the other words, the function F is Mittag-Leffler-Hyers-Ulam stable. By changing in the conditions of F we can prove that the delay differential equation is Mittag-Leffler-Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Adaptive modified function projective synchronization for a chaotic complex system
Moosarreza Shamsyeh Zahedi‎This ‎paper ‎presents ‎the‎ modified function projective synchronization (MFPS) in a system with complex variables related to the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with unknown parameters.‎ In this method, by defining a suitable adaptive More‎This ‎paper ‎presents ‎the‎ modified function projective synchronization (MFPS) in a system with complex variables related to the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with unknown parameters.‎ In this method, by defining a suitable adaptive controller and other desired functions and with the aid of Lyapunov stability theory, the asymptotic stability of the error function can be proved. This can lead to a modified function projective synchronization between two complex chaotic systems with completely unknown parameters. Also, the error of estimating the parameters and the value of the coupling strength is accurately expressed using the proposed method.‎‎Because in the modified projective synchronization (MPS) and function projective synchronization (FPS) methods, fixed coupling strength is considered, this limits the range of applications of these methods. MFPS is, therefore, a more general definition of MPS and FPS when the scaling function matrix is chosen by a constant matrix and a scaling function, respectively. This method can be used on other complex dynamic systems. Numerical simulations are presented to show the effectiveness and validity of the above theoretical results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Studying a numerical stable and quadratic convergence method for solving a new class of absolute value equations.
mozafar rostami Taher Lotfi Ali BerahmandIn this paper, a new class of absolute value equations is studied as follows:Ax-B|x|-b=o, ( B≠I, σ_"max" (|B|)<σ_"min" (A) ), This new class of absolute value equations, the single value absolute matrix B is less than the single value matrix A and the MoreIn this paper, a new class of absolute value equations is studied as follows:Ax-B|x|-b=o, ( B≠I, σ_"max" (|B|)<σ_"min" (A) ), This new class of absolute value equations, the single value absolute matrix B is less than the single value matrix A and the matrix B is not exclusively the identity matrix..Therfore the power of choice is wider than other methods of the absolute value equations and all matrices are arbitrary and this new class of absolute value equation is the NP hard problem..We solve this new class using a generalized Newton method and also convergence and numerical stability. Also, by testing the numerical examples of the efficiency and effectiveness of the solution method for the new class, it has been studied with other works that have been done including Lotfi and Zainali and Mangasarain and Khaksars method.Eceptthis new class and Lotfi and Zainali method are quadratic convergence, the rest methods are linear convergence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - A DEA approach for investigating the effect of computerized maintenance management system on staff productivity: A case Study
M. Soltani A. Hadi-VenchehAccording to the growing trend of IT-based systems, implementation of computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) in Iran’s power industry can dramatically help in optimized management of maintenance activities, and thereby, reducing equipment failures, incr MoreAccording to the growing trend of IT-based systems, implementation of computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) in Iran’s power industry can dramatically help in optimized management of maintenance activities, and thereby, reducing equipment failures, increasing reliability, increasing product stability and, above all, increasing efficiency and productivity of the employees of this industry. The aim of this article was to examine the impact of computerizing the maintenance and repair process on efficiency of the staff of Isfahan south power plant, measure the efficiency of staff, identification of efficient and inefficient staff, rating of efficient staff, and finally, to investigate and compare the effect of factors influencing their efficiency to increase the organization productivity with job satisfaction approach. To do this, after identifying factors contributing to job satisfaction of employees through questionnaires distributed among 40 employees associated with CMMS, a DEA including four job satisfaction inputs and outputs was defined. With solving the model by CCR method, the efficient and inefficient employees were determined. The results of sensitivity analysis on model inputs determined the effect of each input on the output in accordance with the following ranking:1. Workplace safety and ergonomics2. Computerizing maintenance management system (CMMS)3. Training4. Job natureThe results indicated that the CMMS has the second ranking among other influential factors. Finally, the efficient personnel were ranked by Anderson Peterson method Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - A Recurrent Neural Network to Identify Efficient Decision Making Units in Data Envelopment Analysis
A. Ghomashi G. R. Jahanshahloo F. Hosseinzadeh LotfiIn this paper we present a recurrent neural network model to recognize efficient Decision Making Units(DMUs) in Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA). The proposed neural network model is derived from an unconstrained minimization problem. In theoretical aspect, it is shown th MoreIn this paper we present a recurrent neural network model to recognize efficient Decision Making Units(DMUs) in Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA). The proposed neural network model is derived from an unconstrained minimization problem. In theoretical aspect, it is shown that the proposed neural network is stable in the sense of lyapunov and globally convergent. The proposed model has a single-layer structure. Simulation shows that the proposed model is effective to identify efficient DMUs in DEA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Determining Left and right Returns to Scale (RTS) and RTS sustainability by using linear programming problems based on simultaneous changes in inputs and outputs
M. Omidi M. Rostamy-Malkhalifeh A. Payan F. Hosseinzadeh LotfiDetermining the type of returns to scale (RTS) and identifying stability region for RTS of evaluating unit are appropriate abilities for forecasting the future the unit when its size is changed. This paper aims to introduce RTS sustainability of frontier decision making MoreDetermining the type of returns to scale (RTS) and identifying stability region for RTS of evaluating unit are appropriate abilities for forecasting the future the unit when its size is changed. This paper aims to introduce RTS sustainability of frontier decision making units (DMUs) in data envelopment analysis (DEA). Based on the importance of RTS in relation to decisions of managers, different methods have been proposed to define RTS and determine the type RTS. Research on RTS led to a more general categorize for the type of RTS, named left RTS (L-RTS) and right RTS (R-RTS). All of the methods in evaluating L-RTS and R-RTS have presented parametric programming problems which are non-linear programs, naturally. In tis situation, researchers are facing the challenge to determine the value of parameters. In order to survey this limitation, the present paper suggests linear programming problems. Moreover, the proposed models with minor changes are appropriate tools for determining the RTS sustainability for evaluating unit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Stability of the seventh-order functional Equations in the β-Gaussian space
N. Ghafoori Adl D. Ebrahimi Bagha M. S. Asgari M. AzhiniThe purpose of this paper is to solve the seventh-order functional equation as follows: --------------------------- Next, we study the stability of this type of functional equation. Clearly, the function ---------- holds in this type functional equation. Also, we prove MoreThe purpose of this paper is to solve the seventh-order functional equation as follows: --------------------------- Next, we study the stability of this type of functional equation. Clearly, the function ---------- holds in this type functional equation. Also, we prove Hyers-Ulam stability for this type functional equation in the β-Gaussian Banach space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Stability analysis of impulsive fuzzy differential equations with finite delayed state
D. Naseh N. Pariz A. Vahidian KamyadIn this paper we introduce some stability criteria for impulsive fuzzy system of differential equations with finite delay in states. Firstly, a new comparison principle for fuzzy differential system compared to crisp ordinary differential equation, based on a notion of MoreIn this paper we introduce some stability criteria for impulsive fuzzy system of differential equations with finite delay in states. Firstly, a new comparison principle for fuzzy differential system compared to crisp ordinary differential equation, based on a notion of upper quasi-monotone nondecreasing, in N dimentional state space is presented. Furthermore, in order to analyze the stability of fuzzy dynamical systems, vector Lyapunov like functions are defined. Then, by using these vector Lyapunov-like functions together with the new comparison theorem which is presented before, we will get results for some concepts of stability (eventual stability, asymptotic stability, strong stability, uniform stability and their combinations) for impulsive fuzzy delayed system of differential equations. Moreover, some theorems for practical stability in terms of two measures are introduced and are proved. Finally, an illustrating example for stability checking of a system of differential equations with fuzziness and time delay in states is given. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Stability Analysis of a Fractional Order Model of HIV virus and AIDS Infection in the Community
M. S. Shahrokhi Dehkordi Y. AhmadiIn this paper a non-linear model with fractional order is presented for analyzing and controlling the spread of HIV virus. Both the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium are found and their stability is discussed. The basic reproduction number , which is MoreIn this paper a non-linear model with fractional order is presented for analyzing and controlling the spread of HIV virus. Both the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium are found and their stability is discussed. The basic reproduction number , which is a function of the constant parameters in the model, plays an essential role in the stability of the above model. In more precise expression, When the disease-free equilibrium is attractor, but when , is unstable and the endemic equilibrium exists and it is an attractor. Finally numerical simulations are also established to investigate the influence of the parameters in the model on the spread of the disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Evaluation the Management to Control The Liquidity Money by Central Bank in Iran
رویا آل عمران سید علی آل عمرانThe Objective of this paper is evaluation the management to control the liquiditymoney by central bank in Iran from 1378:3 to 1387:2. For this purpose the volatilityindex is drive GARCH model. The result indicate that central bank management incontrol the liquidity mone MoreThe Objective of this paper is evaluation the management to control the liquiditymoney by central bank in Iran from 1378:3 to 1387:2. For this purpose the volatilityindex is drive GARCH model. The result indicate that central bank management incontrol the liquidity money for monetary policy, early years of 1378 and 1379 inputsto improve and central bank’s application planning organized in determining theamount of liquidity money in the final period has led to reduced liquidity moneyinstability and its tendency toward to a stable level and has been optimized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Investigating the effects of financial development, economic stability and efficiency of cooperative contracts of banks during recession and prosperity
Mohsen mirzasaf Marjan Damankeshideh manizheh hadinejad alireza daghighi mohammadreza mirzaeinejadFinancial development and stability and their relationship with economic growth are important and influential issues on economic growth. Therefore, economic experts have investigated this issue in many researches by applying various conditions. The purpose of this resea MoreFinancial development and stability and their relationship with economic growth are important and influential issues on economic growth. Therefore, economic experts have investigated this issue in many researches by applying various conditions. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of financial development, economic stability and efficiency of government cooperative contracts during recession and prosperity, which done by applying the Markov switching regime change approach based on the annual data of Iran's economy during the period of 2016-2018. The results of the model estimation show that the variables of financial and oil crises, economic and financial risk, inflation in both periods of prosperity and recession have a negative effect on the efficiency of cooperative contracts. The results show the probability of transition from one regime to another regime and the duration of the regime, if Iran's economy is in a recession at time t, it will remain in the same state despite economic and financial risks and financial and oil crises. Also, there is a 0.80 probability that Iran's economy will return to the state of recession due to other factors. The amount of exposure of Iran's economy to the period of stagnation in the current research is 21 periods against 9 periods of prosperity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Modeling for Measuring Corporate Financial Sustainability Using the Econophysics Method
moloud soleimani Faegh ahmadi Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar hamidreza vakilifardEach set of wavelet coefficients contains part of the time series at different time scales. Implementing wavelet transforms by utilizing the best wavelets at the right levels will have a significant impact on financial analysis results. Therefore, the present study seek MoreEach set of wavelet coefficients contains part of the time series at different time scales. Implementing wavelet transforms by utilizing the best wavelets at the right levels will have a significant impact on financial analysis results. Therefore, the present study seeks to present a proposed model for measuring firm financial sustainability by using an economophysical method using a sample of 86 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2015-2019. The results of the research hypothesis show that the prediction of financial sustainability based on the economophysical method can provide better results. According to the findings of the study, it can be stated that the dendrogram observed in the Dabshiz wavelet is more accurate in decoupling and consequently clustering. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Developing a model for Iran for Public-Private Partnership as a modern financing method for infrastructure projects
فرشاد هیبتی هاشم نیکومرامImplementing the infrastructural projects has so many degrees of importance and avital role in economic growth and development of the countries. Since governmentsare aimed to give services more efficiently and with higher quality, they are doingrelated works and attempt MoreImplementing the infrastructural projects has so many degrees of importance and avital role in economic growth and development of the countries. Since governmentsare aimed to give services more efficiently and with higher quality, they are doingrelated works and attempts in order to facilitate and accelerate the said projects.Experiences of different countries show that factors such as lack of financialresources, budgetary deficit of the governments for financing big projects and highdemand for investing in these projects have lead countries to do their attempts to fulfilpartnership of the private sector and make suitable competitive climate for theircooperation. These attempts have result in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) andfacilitated the growth and development of the countries. In this study, the relationshipbetween the factors influencing the utilization of PPP in 21 countries during 2000-2008 using panel data method are studied. The results show that countries’ revenue,economic stability, budget deficit and underground sources are the main factorsinfluencing public private partnerships in the studied countries. Finally, the model forpublic private partnerships has been generated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - A Comparative and Qualitative Study on Capital Market Stabilization Funds and Providing Alternative Practical Model
Meysam hamedi Meysam Doaeei vahid AhmadianAfter the severe price fluctuations in the capital market in 2019 and the increase in the activity of the stabilization fund in the country's capital market, doubts were raised about the way of interference and conflict of interests in the activity of this fund.In this MoreAfter the severe price fluctuations in the capital market in 2019 and the increase in the activity of the stabilization fund in the country's capital market, doubts were raised about the way of interference and conflict of interests in the activity of this fund.In this research, Iran's capital market stabilization fund has been studied in terms of its nature, function, disclosure, and type of sources, applying a comparative approach with market stabilization funds in China, Germany, and Bangladesh. Then, by referring to the opinions and comments of experts and academicians, defects, problems, and deficiencies of the capital market stabilization fund have been identified and the optimal alternative status has been drawn. The findings of this research, which was conducted by a qualitative method and integration of comparative study and in-depth interviews with experts, indicate that the optimal method for capital market stabilization fund investments is the indirect method through financial institutions. On this basis, the proposed research model is presented in the form of a conceptual model with the aim of providing a suitable alternative solution for fund intervention in the capital market. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - The effect of financial stability and fluctuations in the value of the national currency on the efficiency of Islamic banking, under the switching regime change model
hadi radfar Mohammad Khazri fatemeh zandi bijan safaviIn this study, we seek to investigate the effect of financial stability and fluctuations in the value of the national currency on the efficiency of Islamic banking in recession and boom regimes. For this purpose, the effect of study variables during the period of 1373 t MoreIn this study, we seek to investigate the effect of financial stability and fluctuations in the value of the national currency on the efficiency of Islamic banking in recession and boom regimes. For this purpose, the effect of study variables during the period of 1373 to 1400 is investigated by using the rotation model and Markov switching regime change. The estimation results of the model show that the coefficient of financial development is positive in the prosperity regime. The coefficients of the variables of weakening the value of the national currency in both recession and boom regimes, liquidity and global financial and oil crises have also had a negative impact on the yield of bank contracts in the recession regime. The artificial pricing of the exchange rate in the years before the crisis and preventing its adjustment according to economic conditions is one of the main reasons for the recent fluctuations in the value of the national currency. Thus, as the growth of the exchange rate has increased, the policy makers have tried to control the growth of the exchange rate and prevent its increase by reacting more to it. Meanwhile, the reaction to exchange rate deviations has led to a further weakening of the value of the national currency. As the fluctuations in the value of the national currency increase, the amount of investment in the production sector has decreased and the production situation and the efficiency of the contracts have also worsened. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Effect of Economic Stability on Demand for Money in Iran (1973‐2008)
رویا آل عمران فهیمه نصراله سیدعلی آل عمرانIn this survey, we study the impact of the economic stability on demandfor money in Iran. We use ARCH‐GARCH model to introduce an EconomicStability Index (ESI), which is a weighted average of variables such as grossdomestic product (GDP), foreign exchange rate, inflatio MoreIn this survey, we study the impact of the economic stability on demandfor money in Iran. We use ARCH‐GARCH model to introduce an EconomicStability Index (ESI), which is a weighted average of variables such as grossdomestic product (GDP), foreign exchange rate, inflation rate, long‐terminterest rate, and Stock Market Average Price Index.With the help our calculated ESI and employing the ARDL method weestimate the demand for money in Iran for the period of 1352‐1387. Theresults of our study show that the Economic Stability Index has a positiveimpact on demand for money in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Analyzing financial stability with emphasis on banking sector in Iran: An early warning system approach
ژاله زارعی اکبر کمیجانیIn the literature, the financial stability is defined as a condition that systematic crises do not threaten the stability of the macroeconomy. Financial instability and its great shock on real output in many countries faced with economic crisis have demonstrated the nee MoreIn the literature, the financial stability is defined as a condition that systematic crises do not threaten the stability of the macroeconomy. Financial instability and its great shock on real output in many countries faced with economic crisis have demonstrated the need and importance of developing models for prediction and prevention of crises for economic planners and make them able to investigate the causes of crisis and prevent its recurrence as well. In this study, an early warning system of bank crisis for Iran has been estimated by using probabilistic method(probit approach), for the 2002- 2011 The probable function designed in this paper shows that three variables, weight average of the real interest rate of banking deposit, weight average of the real interest rate of banking credit and the growth rate of property price, are the three predicators of probability of the banking crisis. The specified model in this study has signaled the banking crises and in 92 percent of the cases in which crises have happened the model has been able predicate it with probability of more than 40 percent and Only, 7.14 percent has been missed and 9.52 percent has signaled wrongly. Hence, it confirms the relative predictive power of our model in crises period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Sociological Study of Institutional factors in Sustainable Employment Generation Project (EGP) and Realizing the Production Leap
Asghar Nasiri Manouchehr Pahlavan Ali Asghar Abbasi Esfajir -
Open Access Article
52 - The examination of effect of earnings persistence and profitability on disclosure level of Corporate Social Responsibility listed in Stock Exchange in Tehran
Pedram Imani Zohreh Hajiha Zahra AmirhosseyniCorporate Social Responsibility (CRS) is sensitive and significant issue in recent years and consider as a major factor in the survival of any organization. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship the Earning Quality, Profitability and Disclosure Social MoreCorporate Social Responsibility (CRS) is sensitive and significant issue in recent years and consider as a major factor in the survival of any organization. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship the Earning Quality, Profitability and Disclosure Social Responsibility in listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange. To measure earnings qualities, Profitability and Corporate responsibility have been used an American Institute standard known as K.L.M which ranks organizations based on social and environmental standards every year. The study population includes all companies listed on the Stock Exchange in Tehran that after studying and investigating among them have been selected and chosen 100 companies. Sampling done based on Systematic elimination and for all estimates have been used EViews8 software. This study is, Practical Research and has Deductive-inductive approach and Solidarity belongs to regression analysis. Disclosure Social Responsibility consider as a bridge between business units and stakeholders. Hypothesis test results indicate a positive and significant relation of Earning Quality and profitability of companies with Disclosure Social Responsibility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - The Effects of Corporate Governance on financial soundness of Iran commercial banks
Hamid Tabaiezade Fesharaki mohammad Ebrahim MohammadPour Zarandi Mehrzad MinoueiThe recent financial crisis has induced many discussions about stability of financial system, which is naturally dependent primarily on banks. Bank stability issue became crucial for both depositors and governments of different countries. This paper focuses on the corpo MoreThe recent financial crisis has induced many discussions about stability of financial system, which is naturally dependent primarily on banks. Bank stability issue became crucial for both depositors and governments of different countries. This paper focuses on the corporate governance of banks. In this paper we discuss the state of corporate governance in Iranian commercial banks and try to find a link between corporate governance mechanisms and financial stability indexes. We use Structured Estimation Modeling (SEM) and find that there are some relationships between auditing quality measures, characteristics of CEO and board of directors as measures of corporate governance mechanisms and asset quality measures, efficiency measures, profitability measures, liquidity measures and capital sufficiency as measures of financial stability in Iranian commercial banks. We report that the finding can improve the governance roles and performance evaluation of Iranian commercial Banks. This findings provide useful contributions for managers in making decisions in banking industry Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Investigate the effect of occupational stability of managers on performance of organization from the perspective of employees
Ali Rabiee Zahra Nazarian Zahra BehbahaniIntroduction and Objective: In the two past decades the issue of instability directors has been as one of the to consider in Iran bureaucracy. In this paper, the relationship between job stability and performance management organizations has been studied in one of the p MoreIntroduction and Objective: In the two past decades the issue of instability directors has been as one of the to consider in Iran bureaucracy. In this paper, the relationship between job stability and performance management organizations has been studied in one of the province of state banks.Methodology: This was a descriptive study that included a sample size of 17 branches and 850 employees. Branches was selected relative to the population under study and Per unit employees responded to the questionnaires randomly.Results: Results show that the stability of Iranian directors have overall positive effects on work processes in administrative organizations .There is a significant relationship between management stability and employees performance, increased human relations manager with staff, manager mastery on different aspects of administrator duties, efficient use of existing facilities and recognition of ethical problems and employee behavior and attempts to solve the problems.Conclusion: According to the current policy of replacing managers in the studied organization, it seems that this is causing a decrease in performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Cultural barriers in the political development in Iran and management strategy in this area
دکتر علی اکبر رضایی دکتر سیدرضا صالحی امیری علی اصغر رفیعی نژادThis study aimed to identify and review some cultural barriers on the road to political development has been done. In this study, which covered Hobby component in the culture of this society as cultural factors influence political development has been used the purpose o MoreThis study aimed to identify and review some cultural barriers on the road to political development has been done. In this study, which covered Hobby component in the culture of this society as cultural factors influence political development has been used the purpose of this study in terms of application and type of survey is. The sample consists of students study master degree program cultural planning, of which Political Science and Biology Society, Azad University, Tehran Science and Research to the number of 181 people through the sample - were selected randomly .Research based on hypotheses and questions two methods, a library and field studies conducted And for data analysis and the relationship between independent variables and dependent T-test and Pearson correlation were used. The results showed a significant relationship between secrecy and egocentric individuals with political developments there. This means that these variables exist among the people caused their lack of political development. Variable tendency for Saint and seeking stability and political development of meaningful relationship with these two individuals were found and the hypothesis was rejected. Among the hypotheses demographic variables including gender research, economic income, property, housing, Social status, ethnicity, place of birth (urban or rural) and age, only the variable gender relationship was not confirmed with political development. Accordingly the end, some research avenues, particularly in the areas of executive management to increase overall confidence in the country to reduce secrecy and egocentric is presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Investigation of shear stability of commercial polymer of viscosity index improver for determination of engine oil optimal formulation
Mehran Aghaie Mazandarani E. Sadeghi ghari H. -
Open Access Article
57 - Effect of Fe3+–MMT on thermal degradation and mechanical behavior of PVP/Amylose nanocomposite films
naser sadeghpour orang Reza Abdollahi -
Open Access Article
58 - Theoretical Analysis on the Conformational Features of the HCO—Gly—L—Leu—NH2 Protected Dipeptide Motif: Ab initio and DFT Exploratory
B. Chahkandi M. Chahkandi S. M. Sadati Amin M. Giahi -
Open Access Article
59 - Experimental and theoretical studies on green and efficient deoximation using H202 catalyzed by Montmorillonite-K10 supported MnC12
M. Mahmoodi Hashemi A. Ezabadi Gh.R. Najafi F. Mollaamin M. Khaleghian R. Zhiani -
Open Access Article
60 - AB Initio Calculations of NMR Spectra for H20114C9N4 As A New Nanosemiconductor Molecule
E. Pournamdari M. Monajjemi -
Open Access Article
61 - Thermal stability of P-lactoglobulin Bin the presence of ‘ucrnse, sorbitol and trehalose as osmolJtes
Zohreh Saadati Karim Zare Abdol-Khalegh Bordbar Hossein Aghaie -
Open Access Article
62 - Ab Initio Study of Conformational and Configurational Properties of 1, 3- Diazacyclohepta-1, 2-diene and 1, 3-Diazacycloocta-1, 2-diene
Issa Yavari Vahideh Hadigheh-Rezvan Mohsen Dadgar -
Open Access Article
63 - Molecular dynamics simulation of interaction of Melittin and DMPC bilayer: Temperature dependence
F. Kaveh H. Pasdar -
Open Access Article
64 - Thermal stability of a-Lactalbumin in the presence of various sugars as osmolytes
Zohreh Saadati Lida Asadi Samaneh Larki -
Open Access Article
65 - Complexation of Calcium and Barium Cations by Calix[4]arene-bis-crown-6
Poupak Khazaeli-Parsa Mehran Aghaie Karim Zare Azar Bouzaripour -
Open Access Article
66 - Experimental and theoretical studies on efficient regeneration of carbonyl compounds from oximes under green, mild and completely heterogeneous nanocatalysis
Gh.R. Najafi M. Saffari M. Masteri-Farahani F. Mollaamin -
Open Access Article
67 - Stability Constants of Dioxy Vanadium(V)-Glycylglycine System and a Related Calculating Model
M. Aghaie H. Aghaie K. Zare -
Open Access Article
68 - Comparative analysis of chemical and thermal denatured 13-lactoglobu1in A in the presence of sugar osmolytes
Zohreh Saadati Mehran Aghaie A. K. Bordbar -
Open Access Article
69 - Determination of the stability constant of Cobalt (ІІ) – Piroxicam complex by spectrophotometery
Mohammad Edrisi Nima Razzaghi Asl Omid Moradi Sara Shahabipoor Sajjad sedaghat Mohammad yari -
Open Access Article
70 - Density Functional Study on Stability and Structural Properties of Cu n clusters
Sepideh Ketabi Giti Ghasemi -
Open Access Article
71 - Theoretical Investigation of Hyper-coordinate Planar Si Clusters in [SiMnHn]q (M = Cu, Ni and n = 4, 5, 6)
Maryam Ahangari-Givi Jamshid Najafpour Khadijeh Kalateh -
Open Access Article
72 - Different substituted phenyl carbenes / silylenes/ germylenes: a survey of stability
Fereshteh Naderi Rahimeh Bagheri Mohammad Yari -
Open Access Article
73 - A quantum-mechanical investigation of functional group effect on 5,5'-disubstituted-1,1'-azobis(tetrazoles)
Mehdi Nabati -
Open Access Article
74 - The study of social-cultural factors’ role on women’s access to top and specialized professions in scientific and applied universalities throughout Tehran
Taliee Khademian Leila Mirtaheri -
Open Access Article
75 - Stability of security in border areas villages of Sistan and Baluchestan Province
حسین مختاری هشی Narges Vazin Mostafa Ghaderi HajatSecurity is a concept that includes all aspects and dimensions of human life. Establishment of security in geographical spaces requires special measures and plans and is relates with many issues such as economical security, political and military security, social securi MoreSecurity is a concept that includes all aspects and dimensions of human life. Establishment of security in geographical spaces requires special measures and plans and is relates with many issues such as economical security, political and military security, social security, health security and environmental security. Sistan and Baluchestan province, due to the special geographical position, is very vulnerable in terms of security and in recent years has seen an increase in violence and armed conflict by militant groups. Although the roots of unrests are consider as political issues, but cannot ignore the effect of economic deprivation and low development indicators. In general we can say that there is a greater incidence of insecurity in underdeveloped contexts. Considering that more than 50 percent of the population of this Sistan and Balochistan province still lives in rural areas and rural population growth in the region is high, therefore, to achieve sustainable security we should consider security issues in rural areas. The results indicate that rural areas of this province have faced several challenges in different aspects of security, economic, social and environmental vulnerability. For sustainable security in rural areas, it is necessary that rural development strategy should be considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Thermodynamic and Synoptic Analysis of exceptional rains of spring and role of cloud height in occurrence of rains in Shiraz
مهدی نارنگی فرد کمال امیدوار مهدی محمودآبادی مجتبی فخاری واحدMechanism, spring rains, mainly due to convective processes, the occurrence of rains and other climatic phenomena, such as the phenomenon as cut-off low provides conditions for heavy precipitation events. In this research first heavy rains of spring (rains of 30 mm with MoreMechanism, spring rains, mainly due to convective processes, the occurrence of rains and other climatic phenomena, such as the phenomenon as cut-off low provides conditions for heavy precipitation events. In this research first heavy rains of spring (rains of 30 mm with the highest total precipitation in the period 1335-1391) studied the city and two of the strongest of them were identified. To analyze these rains, we investigate instability indexes and sea level pressure, 500 hPa, Uwind, Vwind, omega and data of cloud height. The result show that main factor of heavy rains in the region is trough of east Mediterranean in the middle troposphere cut-off low phenomenon is well established, Therefore in both cases west instability systems change their ways to lower latitude so that the west systems get high level of humidity from southern warm water and make heavy rains in the region is significant. Also results instability indexes show that there is instability probability, the amount Omega negative and positive vorticity show severe Ascending movement in time is the occurrence of precipitation; but with investigation relation within thickness of cloud and heavy rains show thickness of clouds have increased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Evaluation and analysis of the sustainability of Ahvaz city with an emphasis on the performance of urban management
Saeed Amanpour Khatereh Ramezanpour Asadieh seydeh masomeh razavi Zahra MohagheghThis study has evaluated the performance of urban management in urban sustainability of Ahvaz cityThe research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. The statistical population is the citizens of Ahvaz city. The sample size MoreThis study has evaluated the performance of urban management in urban sustainability of Ahvaz cityThe research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. The statistical population is the citizens of Ahvaz city. The sample size of Cochran's formula is equal to 322 people. A questionnaire was designed in the form of 5 indicators: socio-cultural, economic, physical-physical, political, and environmental. Data analysis was used in the SPSS software space.The total average shows that the situation of urban management in Ahvaz is unfavorable and socio-cultural and economic stability is worse than other indicators. The results of the one-sample t-test showed that all indicators are far from the hypothetical mean (3). This factor indicates the instability of indicators in urban areas. Overall, Region 1 was better off in terms of economic and political sustainability, Region 8 in terms of social sustainability, Region 3 in terms of physical, and Region 4 in terms of the environment. The results of the correlation analysis show that region 1 is moderately stable and the regions 6, 7, and 8 are in the very low range, and regions 2, 3, and 4 are in the vicinity of the low spectrum. Finally, according to the results, indicators of urban management sustainability in the city of Ahvaz are divided into 5 levels. The average of the first level is 24.10, the second level is 23.49, the third level is 22.42, the fourth level is 21.37 and the average of the fifth level is 19.79. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Instability of wind accumulate forms, case study: lut plain
ابراهیم MoghimiIn this essay in order to done studies and new observation will discuses to stability of wind accumulate morphs in lut plain. The activity of wind morphs in comparison together can be different due to their nature. In this essay discus that lut plain Barkhans due to the MoreIn this essay in order to done studies and new observation will discuses to stability of wind accumulate morphs in lut plain. The activity of wind morphs in comparison together can be different due to their nature. In this essay discus that lut plain Barkhans due to their condition and nature are more active than other morphs. So, they have more unstable ability. This essay is based on comparative method in nature of morphs, and has prepared with using of 1/100000 land set images, 1/50000 topography maps,1/100000 geology map, wind-gauge data of region stations and 1/5500 air photo. Its analysis is based on some observations in Google Earth and local observations. In this essay are emphasized 4 types of morphs including: Barkhans, length duns, wide dunes and Ghourd which are abundant in lut plain, and in images scale and used pixels. The vast part of west section in east mountain of lut plain (the east part of central lut plain) and south and south-west of this plain is covered differently by wind sand, this morphs have different high. The high of Ghourds (from floor) are about 475m. Sand duns almost have very slope head-line over the less slope, and it is indication for changing role of present winds. Between the some sand duns, specially in Ghourds, the seasonal water-remains are increasing. This increas show that sand duns in its floor also are affected by seasonal sub-surface flows. Where the Barkhans have been accumulated, erosion surface not seen on the Barkhans how had been cut it and the affect of seasonal water-remains there isn’t in the base-level, and even in some parts, Barkhans formed on the aged erosion valleys, that is, they prepared the wind cycle surface (aged erosion-new accumulation).So, presents the newer activity, and based on and by attention to criterions which presents in the essay text, in comparison with Ghourds, length and width, duns Barkhans are more unstable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - In the stability of the western slopes of mountain in Talesh and its morphological effects on filled plain of Ardabi
Nader Golzad nanekaran Jamshid Jedari EyvaziAfter the age of Euosen, the plain of Ardabil has been appeared like a subsidence hole, by faults (Neuor, Hir, Anbaran …) and the sediments wich are sensitive to Quaternaring erison have covered them. also From beginning of the middle age of Oligocene mountains o MoreAfter the age of Euosen, the plain of Ardabil has been appeared like a subsidence hole, by faults (Neuor, Hir, Anbaran …) and the sediments wich are sensitive to Quaternaring erison have covered them. also From beginning of the middle age of Oligocene mountains of the reigion have been elevated and the next age of erosion has started. the orogency of Pasadenian causes faulting mild thrust and region elevation. The existence of congolomerate with fragile cement and volcanic pieces in the southen part of Ardabil in Peleo- Quaternary are the sings of havy rain fall in the beginning of Quaternary. The new alluvium of Quaternary(Holocene) have been carried through by mountaion waterway to the Ardabil plain and his process is done by the region water ways at the present time. The Alluvial terraces, alluvial con and … are signs of instability of the western slops of Talesh mountains and its morphological effects on filled plain of Ardabil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Evaluation of environmental instability indicators, with emphasis on urban waste (Case Study of Ahvaz Metropolis)
Mostafa mohammadi Dehcheshme Mohammad Ali firoozi jafar saeediPresent research, the analytical method is applied. The aim of study was to evaluateindicators of environmental instability Metropolis of Ahvaz, emphasizing the waste index.To achieve the above objective, the concept of urban sustainability and urban instabilitybecame t MorePresent research, the analytical method is applied. The aim of study was to evaluateindicators of environmental instability Metropolis of Ahvaz, emphasizing the waste index.To achieve the above objective, the concept of urban sustainability and urban instabilitybecame to the identification of criteria and sub-criteria of the action And then according tothe objectives of the study, the conversion process criteria and indicators and the indicatorsare quantitative indicators within the AHP weights became prioritized for analysis of spatialdata, software, GIS, is used. In this context, the most important explanatory factors for theassessment of environmental instability, urban, urban waste pollution indicators and theindicators chosen Evaluated. The findings of this study indicate that in Ahwaz, based on thestudy, the environmental conditions are instability So that the effect of one factor (387/0),the highest value is weighted in the urban areas And the two Area have by weight (02/0), thelowest in the scale waste pollution in the urban areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Crime agaist Tourists in Tourism Destinations Case Study:Tehran Metropolise
Azita Rajabi Marzieh KhanmohammadiTourism is a very delicate and sensitive industry especially in relation with safetyand security matters in different national,regional and international levels. Every kindof security incidents such as :crime against tourists ,war,riots and terrorism will causeirrecover MoreTourism is a very delicate and sensitive industry especially in relation with safetyand security matters in different national,regional and international levels. Every kindof security incidents such as :crime against tourists ,war,riots and terrorism will causeirrecoverable damage to the industry.Control and providing the security of tourists and prevention of crime againstthem,not only boots their reliability but also by reducing their concerns for providingtheir physical and financial security,make them enjoy their trip and travel further.Tehran city includes one forth of urban population of the country (the mainpopulation centers) and arrival and departure place of the most incoming tourists toIran, so it is playing the main role in managing tourism destinations in the country.Therfore, security incidents and crime agaist tourists can destroy tourism industry inseveral occasions.The goal of this article is surveying security issues and crime against tourists intourism destinations.The methods of this research is descriptive- analystic and the aimis practical. the results and findings of the research shows that social andenvironmental security in Tehran city is not in proper level ,and like many othermetropolises the crime rate is high. therefore, Tehran city is not in a proper securitysituation for developing tourism industry at present time.So it seems some extrememeasures should be taken to improve tourism industry in the under study city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Road Construction and Geomorphic Instability in Deserts
سیدرضا HosseinzadehVest parts of the central and eastern of Iran are covered by mountain basin-rangedeserts. These deserts have developed during the quaternary alternating between dryand wet climatologically conditions, and now that earth is going through aninterglacial age, they are pass MoreVest parts of the central and eastern of Iran are covered by mountain basin-rangedeserts. These deserts have developed during the quaternary alternating between dryand wet climatologically conditions, and now that earth is going through aninterglacial age, they are passing through a dry period. In such conditions, when thedesert landforms seem to be stabilized for short periods; rapid changes take place indesert geomorphic systems due to human-induced changes in the environment.Road construction has a great impact in deserts than the other human activities. Thisarticle, using air photos and satellite images and, particularly, field data, discusses theeffect of road construction on geomorphic instability of alluvial fan surfaces, playa anddesert pavements. The results show that:1. Road construction operations carried out on the surface of dry alluvial fans changethe equilibrium profile of main and secondary channels, resulting in intense verticalerosion;2. Road construction carried out in playa environments disrupt the balance of waterand sediments of surface streams and the terminal basin, bringing about changes inlandform boundaries.3. Road construction operations carried out on desert pavements in the resumption ofdeserts, causing wind deflation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - The Geomorphology of Darangir playa
R. Noujavan H. SadoughEvery kind of Geomorphological Landscapes has a basic roll in regionaldevelopment.In Yazd province using every kind of land use projects withought consideringplaya's landscape can't Complot the chain of it's development and Constraction,because. The playa's landscape is MoreEvery kind of Geomorphological Landscapes has a basic roll in regionaldevelopment.In Yazd province using every kind of land use projects withought consideringplaya's landscape can't Complot the chain of it's development and Constraction,because. The playa's landscape is one of the basic. Units of morphotectonic. In thisprovince. (Siah Kooh playa – Abar kooh playa Daranjir- Harat and marvast playa's andSaghand playa and….)Finding away for using, Landuse projects has a special roll in regional developmentAnd researching and recognizing this landscapes is one of the basic part of landuseproject in this province.Among of these playa's , Daranjir or bafgh playa is the thired playa (From the pointof area viwes) which it's shape like a hole (North – west to south – east).It's placed between kharanagh and bafgh. Which is in east of Yazd province.In this paper. Which is provide in base of Analytical Methodes and using a numberof digital dataes, in GIS Frame work, We can recognized different geomorphologicalaspects of this region and it's potential. In five surfaces (Convex, Concave – traces andun sustainability wind surfaces) and Conclude that: Knowing the paleo and dinamysmgeomorphology Of this region.Has an important roll in Document of Development sterategy Frame work .Because of the result of this researches. Salinization process is active in Daranjirplaya now (We can see it's effects on different part of playa).There are some Evidence of active Tectonic in the south – west of this region andanalysis of drainages show anticidence conception too.Because of above Conclusion and several other limitations we can say this region isnot suitable for development in tourism Field.The main axes of development in this area can be concentrated on mine activitiesespecially. Rare metals element which is deposite in playa Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Thermodynamic and Synoptic analysis of torrential rain in the kermanshah
S. Ameneh sajjadiOne of the most important disaster in the west of Iran, Particularly in cold season isflood. The precipitation in the west regions is longer while tropical systems arepredominant. In this research we studied this percipitation which is accompany withconvective instabili MoreOne of the most important disaster in the west of Iran, Particularly in cold season isflood. The precipitation in the west regions is longer while tropical systems arepredominant. In this research we studied this percipitation which is accompany withconvective instability. one long precipitation period (1994) in the cold season ofkermanshah .Maps:surface, 500 & 300 hpa levels , upper atmosphere of kermanshahzone & skew-T diagrams at (1200UTC) hour were applied for synoptical analysis.Thermodynamical indexes mixing ratio,Potential temperature and instability ofAtmosphere (Si,Ki,CAPE)and pw were studied and It As a result west systems, inthese periods, accompany with a meditteranian low pressure system on the earthsurface and upper atmosphere Trouph and supplied enough moisture have suitablepattern for precipitation that . In this region the wind speed is at maximum which canbe identifical from maps 30 hpa levels. With calculation on torrential rain (average pw56 mm and 35 mm for start- average CAPE 1500 j/kg and 1000 j/kg for start - averageki 24 C° and 28 C° for start - average si -5 C° and -1 C° for start on torrential rain forabove factors we can opine about torrential rain not only in the kermanshah but also inother cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Landslide hazard zonation of Ardebil __ Astara road using of GIS
Fariba EsfandyariSlope discontinuity is one of the main factors of the change of geometrical form ofthe regional reliefes. Product transportation of denudation is from the highest landsand mountains to valleys and then toward the sedimental basins.The mass movementsof the slope material MoreSlope discontinuity is one of the main factors of the change of geometrical form ofthe regional reliefes. Product transportation of denudation is from the highest landsand mountains to valleys and then toward the sedimental basins.The mass movementsof the slope materials like slip and slope discontinuity cause this and of course is thereason of the movement of large amount of slope material toward the valleys. Now theroad between Ardebil-Astara is changing because of the processes of slip and slopediscontinuty.In fact the existence of the factor like Lithology, the distance from the fault,vegetation, gravity force and change in the degree of slope, loading and the totalweight of the slope material, kind, classification and thickness of the material,rainwater, melting snow and ice, watering, topography situation and directioning of theslopes,land using and human factors cause the instability and discontinuty of theslopes throught the referred aea. So the map of the classifying the area with thepotential of landslide in this region is provided by the Arcview GIS software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Analysis of Old Urban Texture Based on Passive Defence
حسن کامران مرتضی مرادی حسن حسینی امینیIntroduction and purpose: The urban old texture an important problem in urban planning that today due to anquity buildings and unsuitable accessibility has converted to disposale damage fields against natural and artifact events. The research object is spatial analysis MoreIntroduction and purpose: The urban old texture an important problem in urban planning that today due to anquity buildings and unsuitable accessibility has converted to disposale damage fields against natural and artifact events. The research object is spatial analysis of old urban texture based on passive defence principles for attending to stability pattern. Methodology: In present research the research method is combination of analytical_ survey and typical methods and kind of research is applied. The important indexes determined an antiquity buildings, build quality, number of floor, green space, compatibility, media services, urban services and surrounded degree. Findings: one of main problems of urban centres’ part is residential regions depreciation that according to accomplished studies, texture centres’ according to unsuitable of urban passages from accessibility index to assisting centres located in undesirable situation in critical times. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - NEW METHODS BASED ON STABILITY VERSUS CHANGES FOR EFFICIENT DECISION MAKING UNITS IN DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS
Sorena Jafarigorzin Iraj Asadi Talooki Ahmad Mirzanezhad -
Open Access Article
88 - Radius of stability in data envelopment analysis with network structure
Farshad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi -
Open Access Article
89 - Beverage probiotic preparation on the pier whey using Lactobacillus casei (GG) and Streptococcus thermophilus
حسین جمالی فر نسرین صمدی محمدرضا فاضلی زهره مشاکThe enrichment with probiotics is useful method for prevention of various diseases. In this studyused whey as it's beneficial nutritional properties, for providing a probiotic beverage.Stereptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus casei were prepared from food and durin MoreThe enrichment with probiotics is useful method for prevention of various diseases. In this studyused whey as it's beneficial nutritional properties, for providing a probiotic beverage.Stereptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus casei were prepared from food and duringcontrol department. In first step obtained the number of initial inoculum of each bacteria (108cfu/ml) using spectrophotometery (OD: 1/52), then inoculated (102 cfu/ml) to sterile wheypowder broth. In second step, the growth kinetics of bacteria determined in differenttemperatures (4, 25, 37)°C during 32hr with used 2 hour intervals cultured pour plate colonycount (SCD Agar and MRS Agar), respectively. The results indicated that kinetic growth of twobacteria were the same in 0, 12, 18 hours (p≤0.05) and after it the numbers of each bacteriaremained 107 cfu/ml. In third step (for stability test) the numbers of two bacteria and pH wheybroth measurement, obtained at different temperature (4, 25, 37)°C during 14 days. In result, thebacterial growth were the same 107-108 cfu/ml) and pH changes were (5.8, 4.4, 4.8)respectively. At fourth step the evaluation of organoleptic test was done based on consistencyand flavor (taste and smell) with different ratio of L:S (1:1, 1:2, 2:1). The best group was thegroup 1:1. So, this probiotic beverage based on whey is useful for purpose of industrialproduction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Using fractal models for quantifying soil structure and comparison with classical methods
sepideh mofidi مهناز اسکندری ابراهیم پذیرا مهدی هماییSoil structure is of great importance from both crop production and water resources management point of views. Since soil structure is often expressed qualitatively, the so-called fractal geometry, as a novel method, can be used to describe the soil structure in a quant MoreSoil structure is of great importance from both crop production and water resources management point of views. Since soil structure is often expressed qualitatively, the so-called fractal geometry, as a novel method, can be used to describe the soil structure in a quantitative manner. Using fractal concept and its comparison with the classical aggregate stability methods can assist to better understanding of soil structure. This research was aimed to quantitatively assess the soil aggregate stability by using some fractal and classical models. To attain this purpose, a number 30 soil samples were collected from topsoil of an agricultural area. Then, the mean weight diameter MWD and geometric mean diameter GMD of soil samples were determined by using wet and dry sieving method. The fractal dimensions of soil samples were determined for four fractal models including the number-size and mass-size of Rieu and Sposito, number-size of Mandelbrot, and mass-size of Tyler and Wheatcraft. Results indicated that the range of fractal dimensions for mass-size model of Rieu and Sposito in dry condition varies from 2.86 to 2.92 and in wet condition from 2.90 to 2.99., this range for Tyler and Wheatcraft model was 2.52 to 2.78 and 2.24 to 2.55, for dry and wet conditions, respectively. Results further showed that for the number-size model of Rieu and Sposito the fractal dimension varied from 2.77 to 3.59 in the dry and from 2.35 to 3.18 in wet conditions. These ranges for Mandelbrot model were obtained to be 2.89 to 3.72 and 2.21 to 3.22 for the dry and wet sieves, respectively. The largest standard deviation was obtained for MWD, while the lowest belonged to the mass-size model of Rieu and Sposito. The obtained results further indicated that by increasing the fractal dimension, aggregate stability decreases and aggregate instability tend to increase. It can be then concluded that by using fractal dimensions one can more precisely describe the aggregate stability compares to the classical methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Comparison and Assessment of Light Vehicles Damages Based on Stability Theories in Floodwater(Case Study: Shiraz Flood)
Reyhaneh Golmohammadi Alireza ShokoohiIntroduction: Evaluation of damages caused by flash floods in urban areas is one of the most important concerns after their occurrence. Like other urban elements, vehicles suffer damage that should be considered for managing urban floods. The damage values in most car MoreIntroduction: Evaluation of damages caused by flash floods in urban areas is one of the most important concerns after their occurrence. Like other urban elements, vehicles suffer damage that should be considered for managing urban floods. The damage values in most car damage models in flood are presented with the assumption of their stability and purely in terms of depth, while the flood velocity as flood important variable is also effective on the severity of damages. In the present research, while evaluating the eight theories presented in the Australian Rainfall and Runoff Guideline (AR&R), an attempt is made to provide the best theory to provide a simple and accurate algorithm for determining the damage to sedan vehicles in flood as a function of depth and velocity.Methods: To achieve the goal of this research, the formulas and diagrams of the stability limit of eight theories presented in AR&R were evaluated and after deleting one of the theories and modifying the Melbourne Water presented in 1996 and DPW presented in 1986 formulas, the stability map of the sedan cars in Darwaze Quran flood on March 25, 2019 in Shiraz was produced for seven theories proposed in this guideline. Subsequently, by combining the stability limits of each theory with the HAZUS-MH depth-damage diagram and zoning below the stability limit diagram as stable areas, the risk map algorithm for stable sedan vehicles was provided separately for each theory. In the following, the risk map in the adjacent parking area of the water pool upstream of the Quran Gate of Shiraz for each theory and, with their help, the total damage for the Pride_131 was calculated as a common vehicle in Iran. Finally, the measures of maximum damage, as well as the total damages were obtained from each one.Results: One of the main and most important results of this research is providing an algorithm for determining the damage of the sedan vehicles in a certain range of depth and speed for each of the theories proposed in AR&R, which were used for producing the risk map. In addition, the total damages for the Pride-131 as an index car were calculated by the proposed algorithms. The minimum damage was obtained by using AR&R (1987) theory algorithm equal to 10 billion and 265 million toman and the maximum amount of damage was obtained by using achieved by using AR&R (2011) theory algorithm equal to 14 billion and 32 million toman.Conclusion: It was found that the use of the depth of flood as a hydrostatic index, which is now the criterion for calculating car damage, is not accurate enough and it is better to use velocity and depth composition as a hydrodynamic index for this purpose. At the same time, it was proved that among the other theories, the relation and the final limit of stability presented in the AR&R (2011) theory to provide a model for determining the damage to small and light vehicles in the flood as a function of depth and velocity has better and more reliable results. It is worth noting in order to achieve the more accurate damage amounts of vehicles in flood, more theoretical and experimental studies considering different types of vehicles are essential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Safety factor analysis of the stability of earth dams over the long period of time
Hadis Daghigh Hossein Hassanpour Darvishi Seyed Habib Musavi JahromiIncorrect designing of earth and rockfill dams with untrue safety factors causes internal scouring, downstream pitched roof submerged and break dam in torrential times. Breakage of earth and rockfill dams and also too much volume of torrential flow can destroy catchment MoreIncorrect designing of earth and rockfill dams with untrue safety factors causes internal scouring, downstream pitched roof submerged and break dam in torrential times. Breakage of earth and rockfill dams and also too much volume of torrential flow can destroy catchment areas and fen beds. Furthermore, correct designing of dams and obtaining suitable safety factors will prevent of these damages. In this study, first of all, series of geotechnical tests have been performed on the soil samples of the Chitgar earth dam to determine the soil strength parameters and material characteristics. The achieved parameters have been used as input parameters for PLAXIS which is a finite element geometrical program for analysis of deformation and stability of soil structures. Based on different layers of foundation and dam body, four homogeneous and non-homogeneous models on coarse and fine foundations have been simulated and the results have been compared. These comparisons revealed that during construction of earth dams, which are situated on fine clay foundation, if the water level is high, there would be lots of pore water pressure which will cause the dam foundation to be destroyed. Therefore, dam must be constructed using step-by-step method so excess pore water pressure can have enough time to be lessened. The analysis, which carried out on non-homogeneous earth dams with clay cores, discovered that if dam construction is simultaneous with water filling, there would be high pore water pressure in the earth dam’s core which will reduce the safety factor of the dam. Therefore, it will be better if the non-homogeneous earth dams are filled after the construction period. Finally, sometimes in loose foundation, safety factor was found 1.45 for homogeneous dams in the stepped construction. The safety factor was estimated 1.14 non-homogeneous dams in the same conditions. Therefore, homogeneous dam can play better role than non-homogeneous dams in loose foundation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Evaluating soil aggregate stability using classical methods and fractal models
Shiva Mohammadian Khorasani Mehdi Homaee Ebrahim PaziraSoil structure is an important indicator for optimal management of soil and water resources. Because it directly influencing several physical characteristics of soils such as soil water status, hydraulic conductivity, heat and air contents, soil porosity and bulk densit MoreSoil structure is an important indicator for optimal management of soil and water resources. Because it directly influencing several physical characteristics of soils such as soil water status, hydraulic conductivity, heat and air contents, soil porosity and bulk density. However, due to complexity of soil structure, its quantitative description is rather difficult. One of the relatively new methods proposed to explain soil structure in a quantitative manner is the so-called fractal geometry concept. In this concept, by determining the fractal dimension of bulk soil, the stability of aggregates can be quantitatively analyzed at different scales. The objective of this study was to quantify soil structure stability using some classic indicators and fractal approach in a large scale. Consequently, 41 intact soil samples were taken from an agricultural area and their particle size distribution, soil bulk density and aggregate bulk density, were measured. The weighted mean diameter and geometric mean diameter of both dry and wet aggregates were measured using dry and wet sieving method. The fractal dimensions of all dry and wet aggregates were obtained using fractal models of Mandelbrot, Tyler-Wheatcraft and Rieu-Sposito. The results indicated that fractal dimensions of the number-size model of Mandelbrot for dry sieve series and the number-size model of Rieu-Sposito in the wet sieve series perform quite well. These two models could also provide reasonable agreement with classical geometric mean and weighted mean diameters of aggregates. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Evaluation of Citron Peel (Citrus medica L.) Extract and Essential Oil on the Stability of Sunflower Oil
S. Okhli H. Mirzaei S.E. HoseiniIntroduction: Due to the unfavorable effects of synthetic antioxidants, the use of various sources of plant antioxidants to retard or prevent oxidation of foods, especially oil-based or fat-based varieties, has today received considerable attention.Materials and Methods MoreIntroduction: Due to the unfavorable effects of synthetic antioxidants, the use of various sources of plant antioxidants to retard or prevent oxidation of foods, especially oil-based or fat-based varieties, has today received considerable attention.Materials and Methods: Inorder to extract the essential oil, water distillation method was applied and the extract of citron peel was obtained by ultrasound and maceration methods by using ethanol, methanol and water as solvents. Total phenolic compounds of the extracts and their antioxidant activities were measured. The chemical compounds in the extract and essential oil were identified by gas chromatography. Finally, the antioxidant effect on the stability of sunflower oil was investigated. The stability of oil to oxidation during storage for 5 days at 65 ° C was assessed using peroxide, anisidine, thiobarbituric acid, Tutox values and oxidative stability index.Results: The most amounts of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity was absorved in ultrasonic-assisted ethanolic extract at 30 min. The extract concentration at 800 ppm was more effective to radical scavenging than the other concentrations. The major compounds of citron peel extract were nomilin and hesperidin. The results showed that the peroxide, anisidine, and totox value had an increasing trend over time. Ultrasonic-assisted ethanolic extract at 30 min showed the highest OSI.Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the beneficial effects of the essential oil and extract from citron peel on sunflower oil stability and its superiority over synthetic antioxidants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Investigating the Possibility of Increasing the Stability of Pan Releasing Oil
M. Ghoraba B. Ghiassi Tarzi M. GhavamiIntroduction: This research work is concerned to identify and present the optimal formulation for maximum stability time of pan releasing oil. Non separation of food products particularly bakery ones from the pan will reduce the quality of the product and causes some wa MoreIntroduction: This research work is concerned to identify and present the optimal formulation for maximum stability time of pan releasing oil. Non separation of food products particularly bakery ones from the pan will reduce the quality of the product and causes some wastes. This study was designed to optimize the possibility of increasing the shelf life of releasing pan oils by using sunflower seed and canola oils.Materials and Methods: In order to formulate the pan releasing oil by Design Expert, sunflower seed andcanola oils with three different kinds of antioxidant (TBHQ, BHA, BHT) at different concentrations (100 ppm to 200 ppm) were prepared. Percent free fatty acid, acid value, peroxide value, induction period and fatty acid profile and composition were determined according to the national standard. The optimum concentration of the antioxidant concerned with pan releasing oil was obtained at 35° C for 90 days. Results: The result of this study indicated that the best result concerned with above factors was sunflower seed oil with 155 ppm tert-Butylhydroquinone concentration. Therefore, sunflower seed oil with added TBHQ as antioxidant might be used as a new and healthy pan releasing oil. Conclusion: Sunflower seed oil containing TBHQ might be introduced as a stable, healthy pan releasing oil. Conclusion: Sunflower seed oil containing TBHQ might be introduced as a stable, healthy pan releasing oil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Antioxidant Extract from Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Wastes and Evaluation of the Antioxidative Activity
N. Ahmadi Kamazani A. H. Elhamirad M. Ghavami M. Moridi Farimani M. ArminIntroduction: In spite of the high antioxidant activity in lettuce wastes, there is not any reports on the application of the antioxidant extract from lettuce wastes to stabilize the edible oils. The aims of this study were to investigate the recovery of antioxidant ext MoreIntroduction: In spite of the high antioxidant activity in lettuce wastes, there is not any reports on the application of the antioxidant extract from lettuce wastes to stabilize the edible oils. The aims of this study were to investigate the recovery of antioxidant extract from outer leaves of lettuce as the wastes via ultrasonic extraction and evaluate the antioxidative effect of the extract. Materials and Methods: The powdered lettuce sample was extracted with ethanol/H2O (70:30, V/V) using ultrasonic extraction at the temperature of 50˚C and time of 30 minutes with the frequency of 40 KHZ and solid to solvent ratio of 1:20 (w/v) in an ultrasound water bath. The extractive yield, total phenolic compound (TPC) and IC50 were determined. The yielded extract was added to tallow olein in order to study its stabilizing effect. The protective effects of the extracts at different concentrations were evaluated by monitoring the peroxide, p-anisidine, totox values and oxidative stability index levels under accelerated oxidation. The antioxidant activities of the extract of the lettuce wastes at different concentrations to stabilise tallow olein were compared to BHA and BHT at 200 ppm concentration. Results: The extractive yield, TPC and IC50 were 30.45 ± 1.20 (%), 600.15 ± 6.29 (mg GAE /100g DW) and 174.05 ppm, respectively. The results indicated that the extract at 2000 ppm have a good activity as compared to BHT at 200 ppm. Conclusion: The antioxidant extract of the lettuce wastes might used as a natural antioxidant in retarding the oxidation rate of edible oils. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Preparation of Lycopene Emulsions Using Gelatin and Maltodextrin and Optimizing the Process by Response Surface Methodology
آزاده Salimi یحیی Maghsoudlo S. M. Jafari A. R. Sadeghi Mahonak مهدی Kashani Nejad A. M. ZiaeefarIntroduction: Lycopene is a useful natural pigment however it is quite unstable due to thepresence of conjugated double bonds in its structure. A useful method to protect lycopeneagainst environmental conditions such as oxygen is microencapsulation. The first step is to MoreIntroduction: Lycopene is a useful natural pigment however it is quite unstable due to thepresence of conjugated double bonds in its structure. A useful method to protect lycopeneagainst environmental conditions such as oxygen is microencapsulation. The first step is tohave proper microcapsules by preparing a stable emulsions of lycopene. Therefore the objectof this study is to develop a RSM-based optimization technique to improve the stability oflycopene emulsion by natural biopolymers and to obtain the optimum operating conditions.Materials and Methods: According to the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) design,eighteen emulsions were prepared. Lycopene was dissolved in soybean oil to prepare asolution of 5%w/w lycopene in oil. maltodextrin was dissolved in water and kept overnight.Gelatin was dissolved in hot water and added to rehydrated maltodextrin at the ratio of 1:19.Then lycopene was mixed gradually in gelatin and maltodextrin solution by using rotor statorhomogenizer the stability of the emulsion was investigated by monitoring droplet size,viscosity and creaming index.Results: Homogenization speed, lycopene content and gelatin and maltodextrin concentrationhad significant effects on droplet size, creaming index and viscosity of the emulsions. Thequadratic model was sufficient to describe and predict the responses of droplet size but for theviscosity and creaming index, the linear models were proper and suitable.Conclusion: The graphical optimization method was adapted to find the best emulsifyingconditions and it was predicted that the homogenization speed of 18000 rpm, lycopenecontent of 18.07w/w and gelatin and maltodextrin concentration of 35.28% w/w would be theoptimum conditions for preparing lycopene emulsion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties and Oxidative Stability of Nano-Capsules in Different Storage Conditions
Sh. Ahmadi S. M. Ojagh Sh. HasaniIntroduction: the health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, as well as the high sensitivity ofunsaturated fatty acids to oxidation of fish oil, caused the use of encapsulation of fish oil forenriching food products and drugs.Materials and Methods: this study aims to evalu MoreIntroduction: the health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, as well as the high sensitivity ofunsaturated fatty acids to oxidation of fish oil, caused the use of encapsulation of fish oil forenriching food products and drugs.Materials and Methods: this study aims to evaluate the physicochemical properties of nanoencapsulatedfish oil, and their oxidative stability during storage at 0 and 24% relativehumidity conditions. Emulsion was prepared after sonication with wall materials ofmaltodextrin (M), modified starch (Hi-cap) and whey protein concentrate (WPC) at the ratioof 1:4 (oil:wall). Emulsion and nano-encapsulated powder properties including emulsionstability, apparent viscosity, powder moisture, encapsulated coefficient, particle size andmorphology of nano-capsules were determined.Results: The lowest amounts of creaming and viscosity were observed in M+Hi-cap+WPCand M, respectively. Moisture content in M+Hi-cap showed the highest value. The lowest andhighest particle sizes were measured in M+Hi-cap+WPC and M, respectively. Also, the bestencapsulation efficiency was obtained for M+Hi-cap+WPC. SEM photographs showed glasslikesheets of encapsulated materials with the freeze-dryer. During 21 days storage at 0 and24% relative humidity, the results showed an increase in peroxide and anisidine values. Thevalues were higher at 24% than the 0% humidity, and the best results of oxidative stabilitywere observed in M+Hi-cap+WPC treatment.Conclusion: Based on the findings, relative humidity is an effective factor in the oxidation offish oil nano-capsules. The use of nano-encapsulation is a practical and effective method forincreasing the stability of fish oil for enriching the food and promoting human health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Functional Properties of Iranian Legume Flour
Yazdan Khosravi Javad Keramat Ebrahim Hosseini Ali Akbar Keshavarz Hedayati Elham MahmodiIntroduction: Legumes are rich in nutrients and are important source of food proteins. The biological value of legumes proteins is quite high due to having most of the essential amino acids in comparison with other sources.Materials and Methods: In this study we evaluat MoreIntroduction: Legumes are rich in nutrients and are important source of food proteins. The biological value of legumes proteins is quite high due to having most of the essential amino acids in comparison with other sources.Materials and Methods: In this study we evaluated the chemical composition and functional properties (water and oil adsorption capacity, emulsifying and foaming properties) of Iranian legumes flours (red kidney bean, pea, mung, broad bean). Results: The results of proximate analysis indicated that flours obtained from legumes vary in composition. Chickpea flour with 33.4% protein content has the highest concentration of proteins among the flours examined. Water adsorption capacity ranged between 0.78 to 1.38 g/g, while oils adsorption capacity ranged between 0.79 to 0. 92 g/g. Emulsifying capacity of legumes were in the range of 16-26%.Conclusion: It was concluded that red kidney bean has the potential to be used as an ingredient in functional food formulations to enhance the nutritional values and functional properties of the product. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Impact of Antioxidative Properties of Cumin and Tarragon Essential Oils on the Quality of Full-Fat White Cheese
S. Rafei M. Azizkhani P. AreaeiIntroduction: Oxidation occurrence in milk and dairy products causes rancidity that leads tochanges in odour and taste, loss of nutritional quality and safety. The aim of this investigationis to assess the antioxidant efficiency of cumin seed and tarragon essential oils MoreIntroduction: Oxidation occurrence in milk and dairy products causes rancidity that leads tochanges in odour and taste, loss of nutritional quality and safety. The aim of this investigationis to assess the antioxidant efficiency of cumin seed and tarragon essential oils (EOs) atdifferent concentrations in full-fat white cheese at 4°C over a 60-day period.Materials and Methods: The components of the extracted essential oils were determined bygas chromatography equipped with mass spectroscopy. In order to evaluate the antioxidantactivity of EOs in cheese, peroxide and tiobarbituric acid values were measured as means toevaluate the extent of oxidation during 60 days of storage.Results: The main compounds present in cumin EO consisted of cumin aldehyde, α-terpinene-7-ol and γ-terpinene and the main compounds present in tarragon EO consisted ofestragol, β-cis-Ocimene and β-trans-ocimene. Two percent concentration of essential oils ofcumin and tarragon exhibited the best antioxidant activity during 60 days of storage. Therewere not significant differences between the peroxide and tiobarbituric acid values of thesamples treated with 1% and 2% of cumin EO on the 60th day of storage. Final peroxide andtiobarbituric acid values of the samples containing 2% cumin and tarragon EOs were 0.19meq O2/kg, 0.07 mg MDA/kg and 0.16 meq O2/kg, 0.03 mg MDA/kg, respectively.Significant differences were observed as compared to the control sample.Conclusion: It was concluded that tarragon EO was more effective than cumin EO in order toprotect the oil against oxidation and cumin EO at the concentration of 1%, obtained thehighest overall score concerning the organoleptic acceptance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - The Effect of Refining Processes on the Physiochemical Characteristics of Olive Oils Extracted From Two Olive Cultivars (Bladi & Arbequina)
Masome Sadat Mir rezaee Rodaki Mohamad ali Sahari Babak ghiassi Tarzi Maryam Gharachorloo Mohsen BarzegarIntroduction: Olive oil is a valuable and popular oil among the oils consumed and the demand for its production and consumption is increasing continuously. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of refining operation on the physico-chemical chara MoreIntroduction: Olive oil is a valuable and popular oil among the oils consumed and the demand for its production and consumption is increasing continuously. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of refining operation on the physico-chemical characteristics of virgin and refined olive oils. Materials and Methods: Two olive cultivars (Bladi and Arbequina) were collected from Fadak Farm (Iran – Qom region). The oils were extracted, bleached and deodorised using two different conditions. The first batch was bleached and deodorized at 50 for 30 minutes and the second batch was bleached at 70 and deodorized at 135 for 45 minutes. Tests concerned with the determination of fatty acid composition, free fatty acid content, peroxide value, conjugated dienes and trienes, total poly phenols, colour and induction periods were carried out on the oils. Results: The results indicated that moisture, oil content of whole fruit, kernel and pulp were significantly different. Fatty acid compositions were not affected after the two treatment methods with the exception of Bladi variety that slight changes concerned with saturated and unsaturated acids occurred. The total polyphenols in Bladi and Arbequina varieties in the first treatment were 51.87% and 34.92% and in the second treatment were 68.67% and 92.67%, respectively. Conjugated dienes and trienes for each sample after the treatment decreased and increased respectively and the change after the second treatment was higher. Conclusion: The application of higher temperature for longer period affected both oils qualitatively. However the changes in acidity and peroxide values were similar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Evaluation of Physicochemical and Microbial Properties of Low-Fat Mayonnaise Formulated with a Type of Potato Starch as a Substitute of Egg Yolk
Sh. Ghazaei M. Mizani z. Piravi vanak M. AlimiIntroduction: The consumption of mayonnaise has been increasing worldwide and egg yolk is a key ingredient in mayonnaise which along with its positive functional properties may cause some problems due to its high cholesterol content (186-213 mg). Additionally it might l MoreIntroduction: The consumption of mayonnaise has been increasing worldwide and egg yolk is a key ingredient in mayonnaise which along with its positive functional properties may cause some problems due to its high cholesterol content (186-213 mg). Additionally it might lead to the allergic reactions in consumers and induce microbial contamination in the final product. The main object of this research is to replace egg yolk partially with a type of modified potato starch (Octenyl Succinic Anhydride, OSA) and determine its best quality and concentration in reduced-fat mayonnaise formulation from the physico-chemical and microbial aspects. Materials and Methods: Mayonnaise samples were prepared by replacing 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the weight of egg yolk with OSA starch. Chemical (acidity, pH, fat content), physical (emulsion stability, color) and microbial (total microbial count, mold, yeast, Lactobacillus, E.coli, Staphylococcus aureos and Salmonella) tests have been carried out on all of the samples and the selected sample was analysed for cholesterol content. Results: The results indicated that by reducing the amount of egg yolk, the pH, fat content, yellowness and microbial contamination of the samples were reduced and those with 25 and 50% substituted- egg yolk, showed the lowest emulsion stability and therefore were eliminated from the rest of the research and cholesterol contents of the other samples were determined. Conclusion: According to the results, 84.9% and 1.78% reductions in cholesterol and fat contents were obtained, respectively, by replacing 75% of egg yolk with OSA as compared to the control. Therefore the mentioned sample has been chosen as the best formulation for low fat/low cholesterol mayonnaise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Effect of Microliposomes Containing Phenolic and Tocopherol Compounds of (Pistacia atlantica) Kernel Oil on the Butter Stability
M. Nikkhah J. Khoshkho S. E. Hoseini P. Mahasti A. AkhondzadehIntroduction: Wild pistachio (pistacia atlantica), as a plant source is rich in phenolic and tocopherol content that has significant antioxidant, therapeutic and antimicrobial effects. Encapsulation can be used as an effective method to improve the stability and prevent MoreIntroduction: Wild pistachio (pistacia atlantica), as a plant source is rich in phenolic and tocopherol content that has significant antioxidant, therapeutic and antimicrobial effects. Encapsulation can be used as an effective method to improve the stability and prevent undesirable taste of phenolic compounds. Therefore in this study, the effect of micro liposomes containing phenolic and tocopherol compounds of pistacia atlantica (Beneh) oil on oxidative stability of butter was investigated.Results: The particle size of liposome was in the range of 4-9μm. The addition of cholesterol had a significant effect on particle size. The addition of cholesterol increased the zeta potential of the samples. The total concentration of 40 to 20 mg lecithin to cholesterol was identified as an optimal concentration in the production of micro liposomes and it was used in determination of oxidative stability of butter. The results showed that N400 (sample containing 400 mg / 1000g of phenolic and tocopherol compounds of pistacia atlantica) had the highest stability.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that use of phenolic and tocopherol compounds of Beneh kernel oil, in form of microcapsules might be used to prevent chemical spoilage and also increase the shelf life and beneficial properties of cream and butter derived it, and it has taken a positive step towards producing functional products and promoting consumer health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Physical and Rheological Properties of Oil in Water Heat Stable Emulsions Made from Different Stabilizers
A. Ahmadi-Dastgerdi A. Nasirpour E. Rahimi -
Open Access Article
105 - The Effects of Iranian Gum Tragacanth on the Foaming Properties of Egg White Proteins in Comparison with Guar and Xanthan Gums
M. Mohammadian F. Alavi -
Open Access Article
106 - Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potential of Fennel Seed Extract as Compared to the Synthetic Antioxidants in Margarine under Accelerated Storage Condition
Y. Mahdi R. Bassiri -
Open Access Article
107 - The Effects of Emulsifiers Application on Characteristics of Mayonnaise
Sh. Dadkhah P. Damanafshan A. Taheri Yeganeh P. Homati -
Open Access Article
108 - Multi-objective planning in order to manage the quantitative and qualitative effects of optimal utilization of groundwater resources in Shahriar plain
Nima Salehi shafa Hossein Babazadeh Fayaz Aghayari Ali SaremiBackground and Objective: Development of agriculture, industry and population growth, the exploitation of groundwater resources has increased and has affected its quality. In order to prevent the occurrence of quantitative and qualitative problems of aquifers, managemen MoreBackground and Objective: Development of agriculture, industry and population growth, the exploitation of groundwater resources has increased and has affected its quality. In order to prevent the occurrence of quantitative and qualitative problems of aquifers, management of optimal operation of groundwater resources is essential. Therefore, the purpose of this study is the optimal utilization of groundwater resources and to investigate its quantitative and qualitative effects on the Shahriar plain aquifer. Material and Methodology: Groundwater level changes and its quality from the perspective of index (TDS) in Shahriar plain aquifer have been simulated by ANN. Then (TDS) of groundwater has estimated by regression. Finally, the multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was used for optimal utilization of groundwater resources and with the aim of minimizing groundwater level changes and total dissolved solids of groundwater. Findings: According to the results of the study, the evaluation criteria (RMSE) in three modes of training, testing and validation for groundwater level changes are equal to 1.27e-06, 0.0025 and 0.003, respectively, and for total dissolved solids of groundwater was calculated to be 0.24, 27.64 and 14.608 and the correlation coefficient (R) at the level (0.05) in three situations was significant for both variables. Also, during the study period, the volume of optimal withdrawal from the aquifer has decreased by 29.12 percent and the optimal amount (TDS) of groundwater on average, 120.87 Mg./l, has been calculated less than the estimate of artificial neural network. And Groundwater level has also increased by an average of 9.27 meters per year. Discussion and Conclusion: The results confirm that the proposed simulation-optimization method as an application tool with good performance, low cost and desirable speed can support several effective factors simultaneous with optimal operation policy. It also reduces the quantitative and qualitative problems of the aquifer and cause increases the stability of the groundwater system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Identification and Distribution of Echinodermata in Northern Coast of Kish Island
simin najafshad Parisa Nejatkhah Manavi Abdolrahim VosoghiBackground and Objective: Echinoderms are one of the oldest and the most important marine groups. They play an important role in oceans’ ecology especially in coral reefs. Various species of Echinodermata were identified in the depth of 5 m and in intertidal zone MoreBackground and Objective: Echinoderms are one of the oldest and the most important marine groups. They play an important role in oceans’ ecology especially in coral reefs. Various species of Echinodermata were identified in the depth of 5 m and in intertidal zone of northern coasts of Kish Island in winter and summer of 2014. Method: Four stations at the northen coast of Kish Island (Simorgh, Didaniha, Kampe Rahimi, Derakhtsabz) were selected in terms of the characteristics of the zone, and Simorgh site was selected as the main station. Specimens were collected using a 1×1 m2 quadrat and identified following recovery and counting. Findings: Totally, 184 specimens were collected and they belonged to 4 Classes, 6 Families and 7 Species of Echinometra mathaei, Diadema setosum, Clypeaster reticulates, Linckia multiflora, Macrophiothrix elongate, Holothuria (selenkothuria) Bacilla, Holothuria leucospilota. Except for Echinometra mathaei which was identified in “Simorgh station”, no other type of Echinodermata was found in intertidal zone of other stations. In this study, Clypeaster reticulatus, Holothuria leucospilota, Macrophiothrix elongate, Holothuria (selenkothuria) Bacilla were found for the first time in the depth of 5 m of Kish Island. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that density of Echinodermata was higher in summer than in winter. Echinometra mathaei was the most prominent species in the southern cost of Kish Island with a stability coefficient of 24.4 and 18.4 for summer and the winter, respectively. Moreover, indexes of richness increases in cold season and decreased in warm season. According to the stability coefficient and indexes of richness and density in the northern cost of the island, only Simorgh station has no stress and contains rare species. However, other three stations of Didaniha, Derakhtsabz and Kampe Rahimi are under stress and have little common species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - The Survey of the Role of Abandoned Lands in Urban Instability (Case Study: Ilam City)
maryam rezaee Issa Ebrahimzadeh, Mojtaba RafieianBackground & Objective: One of the problems in cities which had been followed by serious challenges for the city and citizens from different directions is the existence of abandoned and unused lands in various areas as well as the city districts. This problem which is n MoreBackground & Objective: One of the problems in cities which had been followed by serious challenges for the city and citizens from different directions is the existence of abandoned and unused lands in various areas as well as the city districts. This problem which is nowadays one of the main concerns of managers and city officials has been itself, the reason of many social, environmental, sanitary and economic problems in cities. The objective of this paper is to survey the role of abandoned lands in the urban instability at the three dimensions of social, economic and environmental (case study: Ilam city). Material and Methodology: The type of research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. To collect the data, the library and survey method were used. The statistical community of the investigated research includes land and housing experts in Ilam city; the sample size of the research was determined through Cochran's formula of 311 people that were questioned by stratified sampling method. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software, as well as some testing methods e.g. T test, and linear regression. Findings: The obtained results from data analysis show that the abandoned lands effect on the urban instability in the three dimensions of environmental, economic and social. Among them, according to the obtained coefficients, the effect of abandoned lands on the environmental instability in the study area is more than that on the other two studied dimensions. Discussion and conclusion: In overall, it could be said if the urban land is used and managed properly, there is no need to its physical development up to the next few decades and, it could be achieved to a sustainable urban form. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Study of vertical potential temperature gradient during a few acute air pollution episode in Tehran
Tahereh Ghassami Ali Akbar Bidokhti Abdollah Sedaghat Kerdar Fatemeh SahraianThe potential temperature of an air parcel is defined as the temperature which the parcel of air would have if it changed adiabatically from its existing pressure P and temperature T to a standard pressure P0 (generally taken as 1000 mb). Generally, the vertical gradie MoreThe potential temperature of an air parcel is defined as the temperature which the parcel of air would have if it changed adiabatically from its existing pressure P and temperature T to a standard pressure P0 (generally taken as 1000 mb). Generally, the vertical gradient of potential temperature is used to determine the stability of the air parcel. In this study diurnal variation of potential temperature gradients in the planetary boundary layer of Tehran was considered in two cases, a (convective condition during the day), b (stable condition at night).The data were taken from the air pollution monitoring stations of Tehran for a few acute air pollution episodes in Nov. and Sep. 2001 and Dec.2002. By calculating, three different categories of temperature inversion were found, namely, high, moderate, and weak. We also showed that there is a good correlation between the variation of maximum concentration of NOX, SO2, CO and the potential temperature gradient. This correlation coefficient is about 0.4. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Evaluation of environmental instability indicators with emphasis on water, soil and noise pollutions using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Ahvaz metropolis
MohammadAli Firoozi Mostafa Mohammadi Deh Cheshmeh Jafar SaeediBackground and Objective: Cities are considered as the main factor causing instability in the world. In fact, according to the inherent complexity of cities in terms of environmental issues, identification of the main factors in achieving sustainability is necessary. Th MoreBackground and Objective: Cities are considered as the main factor causing instability in the world. In fact, according to the inherent complexity of cities in terms of environmental issues, identification of the main factors in achieving sustainability is necessary. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the indicators of environmental instability in Ahvaz metropolis with a focus on indicators of water, soil and noise pollutions. Method: This study is a descriptive-analytical one using an applied method. In this context, after explaining the concept of urban sustainability and urban instability and identifying relevant criteria, according to the study, the conversion of criteria to quantitative indicators was done and the index and sub-index in AHP model were prioritized. To perform spatial analysis of the data, GIS software was used and the most important explanatory factors to assess the environmental indicators of instability in Ahvaz, with emphasis on the index of water, soil and noise pollutions were studied. Findings: Findings showed that considering the water pollution index, five area with the impact of 0.327 had the the highest weight value among the urban areas while six areas with the impact of 0.033 had the lowest value than other areas with water pollution in Karun river. In terms of soil pollution, four areas with effect coefficient of 0.331 had the the highest rate of soil pollution, and eight regions with effect coefficient of 0.024 had the least pollution. In terms of noise pollution, the region with effect coefficient of 0.336 had the highest weight value among other regions, while eight regions with effect coefficient of 0.02 had the least pollution. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that Ahvaz is in unstable environmental conditions and its current environmental condition is significantly far away from sustainability criteria. With this interpretations of situation, awareness about ecological sustainability of urban areas and understanding of the situation could play an important role in improving the planning and optimal allocation of resources to improve people's welfare Urban sustainability, Environmental instability, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Ahvaz Metropolis Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Identify challenges disposal domestic waste from the perspective rural the heads of households "Case Study: Sarab- Ghalaeshahin Rural, Sarpole-Zahab Township"
Somayeh Shahbazi Ali Asghar Mirak ZadehBackground and Objective: One of the pillars of sustainable development is pay attention to the physical and ecological aspects of rural. Human activities and changes in lifestyle and consumption patterns, resulteding in increased production of waste material. So is inc MoreBackground and Objective: One of the pillars of sustainable development is pay attention to the physical and ecological aspects of rural. Human activities and changes in lifestyle and consumption patterns, resulteding in increased production of waste material. So is increaseding production of waste less material and how to disposal of the environmental challenges of human society, therefor, the aim of this study is to identify challenges and barriers to domestic waste from the perspective rural heads of households. Method: The investigation is descriptive and the survey was performed, The study sample was the heads of households Sarab- Ghalaeshahin Rural, Sarpole-Zahab Township that way was conducted in this study the census (N= 170), 110 questionnaires were completed and returned them (return rate = 70/64 percent). The research instrument was a questionnaire which content validity examined modified and approved by a number of experts and professors of Department of Agricultural Extension and Education Razi University in Kermanshah. The coefficient of reliability (Cronbach's alpha), was obtained by a pre-test 0/823. Findings: According to the finding, it was 7 challenges domestic waste in the rural of study include. They are: the challenges of inter-sectoral of coordination, educatio - inform, financial, administrative, lack of compiled program, social and cultural.challenges were identified. By considering suitable place for disposal waste domestic, inter-sectoral lack of coordination, in exprienced management for disposal waste domestic and decrease ability management of goverenment (to settle different functions) challenge of inter-sectoral lack of coordination was acquaintanced challenge of disposal waste domestic rural. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Investigating the subjective and objective persistence of earnings components and Investors' Pricing in Pharmaceutical Companies Suspected of Fraud
kaveh parandin babak jamshidinavid mehrdad ghanbary afshin baghfalakiThe main objective of this research is to examine the Mentally and Objective stability of profit components, investor pricing over an 11-year period from 2007 to 2017 with 352 views in 32 suspected fraudulent drug companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange. In this res MoreThe main objective of this research is to examine the Mentally and Objective stability of profit components, investor pricing over an 11-year period from 2007 to 2017 with 352 views in 32 suspected fraudulent drug companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research, the method of M Banish score model has been used to identify suspected fraudulent companies. In order to analyze the data and test the hypotheses, the simulation model of Mishkin (1983) has been used with combined data approach and multivariate regression model using Eviews version 10 software. The research findings indicate that the sustainability of the cash component of profit is significantly higher than the accruals component of the earnings and investors predict less and better the components of the financial sustainability of the cash component and the earnings accrual respectively. The results also show that the mental sustainability of the cash component and the earnings accrual is higher than their objective being. In other words, investors value the profitability of suspected drug fraud companies incorrectly, and the capital market does not work well with the components of profit information. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Estimation of the model of factors affecting financial stability of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Amirali Bamzar Mohammadreza Mehrabanpour hossein Jahangirnia mozhgan safaAbstractThe main purpose of this study is to estimate the model of factors affecting financial stability in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The research method in terms of design was descriptive-analytical based on past events, field experiments, retrospe MoreAbstractThe main purpose of this study is to estimate the model of factors affecting financial stability in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The research method in terms of design was descriptive-analytical based on past events, field experiments, retrospective or causal after occurrence. A review of the literature, research, and interview results reveals five main themes that categorize the factors affecting financial stability in companies. In the following, the effect of these components on financial stability in companies is evaluated. For this purpose, the performance information of 130 companies that have been screened by the method of screening in the period 2015-2019. The results showed that, return on investment and profit to price ratio per share (from performance indicators), working capital (from resource management indicators), financial cost coverage (from financial structure indicators), instantaneous ratio (from indicators Liquidity indices) and institutional ownership (characteristics of the company) have a positive effect on the financial stability of companies. Also, receivables period (from resource management indicators), long-term debt ratio (from financial structure indicators), debt repayment period (from liquidity indicators) have had a negative impact on financial stability.key words: Financial stability, financial indicators, model estimation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Provide a model for measuring the effects of banking risks on the stability of the banking system
reza mohammadi fatemeh sarraf Fraydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti Zohreh HajihaExamining the effects of banking risks such as credit, liquidity, market and operational risk along with continuous economic growth through the implementation of monetary policy is an important goal. Liquidity and credit system are also related to the stability of the b MoreExamining the effects of banking risks such as credit, liquidity, market and operational risk along with continuous economic growth through the implementation of monetary policy is an important goal. Liquidity and credit system are also related to the stability of the banking system, and weaknesses in adapting to risk and stability in this area can cause a lot of damage to banks in the face of risks for banks.The statistical population of the study includes all banks listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1389 to 1398, some of which were examined by elimination sampling. In this regard, 6 hypotheses were proposed and using multivariate regression and The collected data were analyzed using Eviews software. The results of data analysis showed that market risk (exchange rate fluctuations and interest rate fluctuations) has a significant effect on bank stability. To be. Finally, other findings showed that credit and liquidity risks also had a significant effect on bank stability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Investigating the relation between Balloon Analogue Risk Task and financial risk aversion; evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange
Saeed Eslami Bidgoli Ali SetayeshiThis Study Introduces psychometric and psychological tools and their application in assessing individual decisions. In the following, the ability of the BART, Balloon Analogue Risk Task, in predicting the financial risk-taking level is measured. To support this claim, a MoreThis Study Introduces psychometric and psychological tools and their application in assessing individual decisions. In the following, the ability of the BART, Balloon Analogue Risk Task, in predicting the financial risk-taking level is measured. To support this claim, active investors in Tehran Stock Exchange has taken the BART test and their risk-taking level is measured by the test variables. Accordingly, the activity of these tested examiners will be observed during the next year in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Assuming the Beta stability, the participants' portfolio Beta will be the indicators of their financial risk-taking and their investment decisions.The outcome of the Study shows a meaningful relationship between the gained scores of the BART test as a general risk-taking indicator and the examiners' portfolio Beta as a risk-taking indicator. These results show that we can rely on this test (BART) as a tool to predict the investors' behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Interpretive structural modeling to improve the financial fragility of companies listed on the Iranian Stock Exchange with a screening approach
bahman kianirad Babak Jamshidinavid Mehrdad GhanbarIFinancial fragility is one of the terms that has recently been widely used in financial and accounting issues and its improvement has become one of the important issues and challenges in various organizations in the public and private sectors. This mixed (qualitative-qu MoreFinancial fragility is one of the terms that has recently been widely used in financial and accounting issues and its improvement has become one of the important issues and challenges in various organizations in the public and private sectors. This mixed (qualitative-quantitative) research has been conducted with the aim of presenting a model for promoting financial fragility with a screening approach in companies listed on the Iranian Stock Exchange. After interviewing 19 experts, 28 components of the model were identified in the qualitative section, but fuzzy Delphi method was used to rely on very important components and screen the identified components. Then, to achieve the model in the quantitative part, based on interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and self-interaction matrix was used to collect the required data. Findings The research presents a four-level model consisting of 9 components, of which the most effective component and the only independent component of the financial fragility improvement model of this research is the amount of economic stability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Examining the Effects of Securitization Process on Credit Risk and Banking Stability: Empirical Evidence from Commercial Banks in Iran
Mohammad Hossein Fatheh Sepideh GhaffariThe purpose of this study is to examine the effects of securitization process on risking behavior and banking stability. In order to achieve this goal, 20 banks were studied under certain conditions in the period 2009 to 2013. Multivariate regression models were employe MoreThe purpose of this study is to examine the effects of securitization process on risking behavior and banking stability. In order to achieve this goal, 20 banks were studied under certain conditions in the period 2009 to 2013. Multivariate regression models were employed to analyze the data. The ratio of the converted assets to total assets is considered as the securitization index, the ratio of the balanced assets based on risk to the total assets is the credit risk index, and Z scores were used as banking stability index. The results of this study suggest that the securitization process has no significant effect on credit risk and bank stability among commercial banks of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Investigating the Simultaneous Relationship between Credit and Liquidity Risks and Their Impacts on Financial Stability of Banks; A Quintile Regression Approach
Musa Bozorg Asl Farrokh Barzideh Mohammad Taghi SamadiRisk management is an integrated procedure which helps banks to measure and control their risks. Due to the recent banking crises and nature of banking activities, central banks have made it compulsory for banks to have independent risk committees. Also, financial insta MoreRisk management is an integrated procedure which helps banks to measure and control their risks. Due to the recent banking crises and nature of banking activities, central banks have made it compulsory for banks to have independent risk committees. Also, financial instability is another factor which can lead banks to distress and bankruptcy. This study investigates the simultaneous relationship between credit risk and liquidity risk and their impacts on financial stability of Iranian banks over the period of 2005-2014 using panel data approach. Results of the simultaneous equation modeling show that in general, liquidity risk and credit risk have significant positive relationship with each other. In other words, every one unit increase in liquidity risk will cause the credit risk to increase by 0.38 unit and every one unit increase in credit risk leads to 0.51 unit increase in liquidity risk. Moreover, we employ the quantile regression to examine the effect of these two types of risk on the different quantiles of financial stability of commercial banks in Iran. Results show that credit risk and liquidity risk negatively affect the financial stability and increase probability of bankruptcy of the Iranian banks. Moreover, we demonstrate that the magnitude of the negative impact is much higher for the banks in the lower quantiles that have lower financial stability comparing with the banks in upper quantiles having higher financial stability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - محاسبه میانگین هندسی ماتریس بر روی دو ماتریس HPD: یک روش تکراری کارا
F. Kiyoumarsiدر این مقاله، یک روش تکراری کارا برای محاسبه علامت یک ماتریس که هیچ مقدار ویژه ی موهومی ندارد ارائه می شود. سپس با استفاده از یک همسانی شناخته شده در تئوری عملکرد ماتریس ها، یک الگوریتم برای محاسبه میانگین هندسی از دو ماتریس هرمیتی معین مثبت بدست می آید. علاوه بر این یک Moreدر این مقاله، یک روش تکراری کارا برای محاسبه علامت یک ماتریس که هیچ مقدار ویژه ی موهومی ندارد ارائه می شود. سپس با استفاده از یک همسانی شناخته شده در تئوری عملکرد ماتریس ها، یک الگوریتم برای محاسبه میانگین هندسی از دو ماتریس هرمیتی معین مثبت بدست می آید. علاوه بر این یک الگوریتم کارامد دیگر برای این هدف ارائه میشود که وابسته به جذر ماتریس نباشد. وسرانجام چند آزمایش هم برای نمایش کاربرد آن انجام خواهد شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - A Recurrent Neural Network for Solving Strictly Convex Quadratic Programming Problems
A. Ghomashi M. Abbasi -
Open Access Article
123 - یک روش صریح تک گامی برای حل عددی مسائل کنترل بهینه
موسی عبادی اسفند ملیح ملکی احمدرضا حقیقی علی عبادیاندر این پژوهش، روش پیشرو-پسرو جاروب، برای حل مسائل کنترل بهینه به کار برده شده و یک روش هیبریدی بر اساس روش های صریح رانگ – کوتا از مرتبه 4و5 برای تقریب عددی مسائل کنترل بهینه پیشنهاد شده است. همگرایی روش اثبات گردیده است و دقت این روش برای حل مسائل کنترل بهینه، از Moreدر این پژوهش، روش پیشرو-پسرو جاروب، برای حل مسائل کنترل بهینه به کار برده شده و یک روش هیبریدی بر اساس روش های صریح رانگ – کوتا از مرتبه 4و5 برای تقریب عددی مسائل کنترل بهینه پیشنهاد شده است. همگرایی روش اثبات گردیده است و دقت این روش برای حل مسائل کنترل بهینه، از هردو روش رانگ – کوتای مرتبه 4و5 بیشتراست. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Stability analysis of the transmission dynamics of an HBV model
R. Akbari A. Vahidian Kamyad A. A. Heydari A. Heydari -
Open Access Article
125 - Fuzzy Lyapunov stability and exponential stability in control systems
S. Salahshour F. Amini‎‎ M. Ayatollahi‎ E. Vaseghi -
Open Access Article
126 - On Optimal Quadrature Rule for Solving Fuzzy Fredholm Integral Equations
R. Ezzati M. M. Sadatrasou -
Open Access Article
127 - Investigating the Effective Factors in Breaking the Stability of Contemporary Housing Identity in Tabriz from the Perspective of Changes in the Face and Tone of Architecture (Case Study of Valiasr Neighborhood)
Bahram Mohammadian Shabnam Akbari Namdar Hasan Ebrahimi asl Nasim Najafgholipour KalantariBackground and Aim: Urban identity is a set of values that cover different cultural, economic or political terms and separates a city from the rest. Meanwhile, architecture and urban planning play a very important role in maintaining and sustainability of a community MoreBackground and Aim: Urban identity is a set of values that cover different cultural, economic or political terms and separates a city from the rest. Meanwhile, architecture and urban planning play a very important role in maintaining and sustainability of a community identity and culture, in Iran with the arrival of modernity, in Tabriz, regardless of identity - culture, architecture and urbanization of Tabriz, causing the lack of the stability of identity in the city and contemporary housing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the sustainability of contemporary housing identity in Tabriz from the perspective of face transformation and architectural tone. Methods: The present research is descriptive - analytical of survey type. The statistical population includes specialists in this area, the sample size is 12 of the experts and professors. For data analysis, structural equation method was used through Smart Pls and AMOS software. Findings: The results of the research show that the most impact on the sustainability of contemporary housing identity in terms of facial developments and architecture tone in Tabriz, the introduction of architecture in the concept of goods and not the place of living and the city in the warehouse of the goods and not the largest amount of civilization with bills of 0.96 And the conversion of Iranian architecture has had the least impact on architecture in Iran with a factor load of 0.34. Discussion and Conclusion: Therefore, there is a direct relationship between facial developments and architectural tone and the sustainability of architectural identity in Contemporary Housing Valiasr Nasr Tabriz. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - The Impacts Analysis of Tourism Services Development on Environmental-Physical Instability in Rural Settlements (Case study: Torghabeh County in Binalood City)
Neshat Omidvar Mahdi Poortaheri Abdolreza Roknoddin EftekhariNowadays, tourism development causes environmental and physical changes in rural areas. Accordingly, this study analyzes the impacts of tourism services on environmental-physical changes in the villages of Torghabeh County. Data collection was based on the documentary a MoreNowadays, tourism development causes environmental and physical changes in rural areas. Accordingly, this study analyzes the impacts of tourism services on environmental-physical changes in the villages of Torghabeh County. Data collection was based on the documentary and survey methods. The information about the independent variable (the development of tourism services) and dependent variable (environmental-physical impacts) were collected by Vikor method and the questionnaires, respectively. Then, they were analyzed by linear regression test in SPSS software in order to determine the impact of tourism services development on environmental-physical instability in Torghabeh County. In addition, the Landsat satellite images were used for the assessment of land use changes. In the first hypothesis, the correlation coefficient (0.86) demonstrates that there is a strong, direct and positive correlation relationship between two variables of tourism development and environmental instability and there is a significant linear relationship between these variables (Significance level=0.002). Also, in the second hypothesis, the correlation coefficient (0.92) explains that there is a direct, strong and positive relationship between two variables of tourism development and physical instability, and the relationship between these variables is also significant (Significance level=0.04). Based on the results, the area of agricultural land and rangelands has been decreasing between 1987 and 2016. In 1987, the square of agricultural land and rangelands were 3031.3 and 5765.52 hectares, respectively. However, in 2016, these areas had fallen to 2346.2 and 550.98 hectares, respectively. According to the adjusted coefficient of determination, 83% of the environmental instability and 89% of the physical instability in the sample villages are dependent on the development of tourism services. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - A Comparative Study of the Function of Red in the Poetry of Stability (Relying on the poetry of Shahriar and Jewehery)
Ramazan RezaeiSometimes the poet makes a speech for himself through words that are symbols, symbols, and symbols, and thus does not need to elaborate on various topics. Color, as the most prominent element in the realm of senses, has long been the focus of human attention and has alw MoreSometimes the poet makes a speech for himself through words that are symbols, symbols, and symbols, and thus does not need to elaborate on various topics. Color, as the most prominent element in the realm of senses, has long been the focus of human attention and has always fascinated the human spirit and soul. Colors play a major role in the expression of people's experiences, in addition to their subtle meanings. Today, color is the most important element in the emergence of artistic creativity and productivity, and poets as creators of the cosmos of the creative world have used colorful words to make poetic images more explicit, in order to explain the inexpressible notions of the symbolic space of their poems. They win. Understanding the properties and effects of colors in a real space, flanking, coding, and myths can reveal many hidden secrets or convey messages to the audience. Therefore, in the poetry of sustainability, the use of color element reflects the aspirations and aspirations of the poets. Shahriar and Jewehery have also created mysterious associations with cultural, religious and historical contexts, using colors, especially red as one of the important components of imagination in their poems. Using an analytical-descriptive approach and relying on the American school of comparative literature, this essay attempts to explain the function of red in the poems of the two poets. The findings of this study indicate that in the poetry of both poets, red indicates martyrdom, resurrection, protest, perseverance and perseverance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - An analysis of the step of truth in the Holy Quran
Mozafar pour Sheikh Ali Andohjerdi Ali MahamedHaving steely will in doing things, which are called "step of truth" and "stability of step", directs the path of life on the orbit of dignity, pride and perseverance against individual troubles and social inequalities in all areas of jurisprudence, ideology and moralit MoreHaving steely will in doing things, which are called "step of truth" and "stability of step", directs the path of life on the orbit of dignity, pride and perseverance against individual troubles and social inequalities in all areas of jurisprudence, ideology and morality and brings peace of mind along with divine love, abundance of aliment, blessing, dignity and health for a person; To attain happiness in the divine path, in belief to faith, in strife to truth, in poverty to thank, in disease to health, in self-purification to refinement, and in the pursuit of knowledge to piety. The role of this moral virtue in influencing religious teachings is so serious that the evolution of religious components such as faith, piety and worship along with achieving success has been attributed to it and it has been interpreted as an essential element in the realization of faith. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - The effect of pure heart passive reactions on mental health from the perspective of the Holy Quran
Seyedeh Razieh Pourmohammadi Mohammad Sobhani YamchiThe only dimension of human existence that has the effect of infinity and it can communicate with infinity is the "heart". The man's heart should be changed to change his states and to create this transformation, the characteristics and conditions of heart must be consi MoreThe only dimension of human existence that has the effect of infinity and it can communicate with infinity is the "heart". The man's heart should be changed to change his states and to create this transformation, the characteristics and conditions of heart must be considered and its effective rules should be understood. Today, due to the lack of attention to the passive states of the heart, human mental health is always endangered and it threatens people's daily lives, so human beings need studies in this field to solve this problem. The Holy Quran which clearly states the truth for the guidance of human beings, in addition to verses, it has expressed the characteristics of a pure heart, and by contemplating the deep and profound meaning of this heavenly book, peace of mind can be achieved. The characteristics of pure heart include piety, calmness, stability, humility, enthusiasm and desire. Piety of the heart is also one of the authorities of faith that promotes the virtue of high human morality and it is in fact the same as achieving peace of mind and spiritual happiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - A Comparative Study of Compulsory Insurance Law on Inflation in Islamic Jurisprudence and French Law
Mitra Shariatzadeh Abbas ArabKhazayeli SeyyedAsgari Hosseiny MoghadamThe aim of the present study is to compare the effect of coercion on the inflation insurance in the legal systems of Iran and France. Descriptive-analytical method was employed in the study and the results indicated that both countries, Iran and France, currently fail t MoreThe aim of the present study is to compare the effect of coercion on the inflation insurance in the legal systems of Iran and France. Descriptive-analytical method was employed in the study and the results indicated that both countries, Iran and France, currently fail to have a written law on compulsory inflation insurance; however, they are authorized to approve this law. Our country has formally recognized this necessity based on legal reasoning and found it easy to legislate. On the other hand, this law can come into force in France based on its Common Law system, if necessary. The findings of the study also show that formal recognition and provision of details in Iranian legal system is better than French legal system, so that it can be added as an article either to the Civil Code or insurance law; however, it has a time-consuming procedure. On the contrary, French legal system quickly recognizes supervisory structures independent of the legislature and the judiciary, and implements such a law that could protect individuals’ properties before an economic tsunami takes place. In fact, the only difference that matters between the two legal systems is speed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Hofmeister Effects on Activity and Stability of Confined Alcohol Dehydrogenase on Gum Tragacanth Carrier
RASOUL SHARIFI ROBAB BAIBORDIAbstract Background and Objective: Using natural salts and enzyme confinement are one of the ways to increase the enzyme's stability. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effect of salts increasing on the free and confined alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme in cartilage MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Using natural salts and enzyme confinement are one of the ways to increase the enzyme's stability. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effect of salts increasing on the free and confined alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme in cartilage carriers. Methods and Materials: The yeast alcohol-dehydrogenase enzyme the after purchase was confined in the Gum Tragacanth and its activity was evaluated in the presence of different concentrations of sodium and chlorine salts (1-2 M). The stability of the confined enzyme at two temperatures above 45 ° C and 55 ° C was studied in the presence of this salt. Results: The results showed that the enzyme confinement reduced the inhibitory effect of salts. Also, the cnfined enzyme in compared with the free enzyme showed optimal activity and stability. (Half-life was 37 and 62 minutes at 45 ° C Respectively). Conclusion: The results showed that kosmotropic anions and enzyme confinement as synergistic can increase the activity and stability of the enzyme. Keywords: Alcohol dehydrogenase, activity and stability, Hofmeister series, Gum Tragacanth, Enzyme confinement Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Production of urease nanoparticles by desolvation method and comparison of some of their properties with free urease
Razieh Sadat Hosseini Seyyed Mohammad Hossein Razavian Mohammad Ali GhasemzadehObjective: Enzymes act as natural catalysts in biological reactions. But they have limitations such as lack of thermal stability, short life span and their lack of stability in the organic environment. Therefore, scientists have tried to improve the performance of enzym MoreObjective: Enzymes act as natural catalysts in biological reactions. But they have limitations such as lack of thermal stability, short life span and their lack of stability in the organic environment. Therefore, scientists have tried to improve the performance of enzymes in different ways, including nanotechnology. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to produce enzyme nanoparticles and evaluate some of their properties, which are being worked on due to the importance of urease in medicine, agriculture and industry.Materials and methods: In this research, increasing the stability of urease was done based on the production of enzyme nanoparticles by desolvation method. Synthesized nanoparticles were examined using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Visible-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Also, the general and specific activities of free and nano enzymes were measured and compared at 37°C. In addition, free and nano enzymes were incubated for 10 minutes at temperatures between 30 and 70°C and then their activity was measured.Findings: The results of spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of urease nanoparticles. Also, the activity determination results showed that with the formation of enzyme nanoparticles, despite the decrease in the total activity of the enzyme, its specific activity increased by 43.46%. The optimal activity temperature of total free urease was 50°C and urease nanoparticles was 60°C.After 10 minutes of incubation at 70°C, the free and nano enzymes retained 2% and 32% of their activity, respectively, which indicates an increase in thermal stability in this method.Conclusion: By preparing enzyme nanoparticles, it is possible to improve their activity and application in the industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Adsorption of Citalopram on C60 nanocage as anti-depression drug carriers
Saied Jamaladdin Emamjome Koohbanani Sayed Ali Ahmadi Dadkhoda Ghazanfari Enayatollah Sheikhhosseini -
Open Access Article
136 - Voltammetric Study of Cd2+ Complexation with some Compounds of Garlic
Mohammad Ali Kamyabi Fatemeh Soleymani-Bonoti Saeed Zakavi -
Open Access Article
137 - An Alternative Method for Synthesis of Thermally Stable Aromatic Polyesters Containing Schiff Base Unites
Hossein Mighani Ehsan Fathollahi Mousa Ghaemy -
Open Access Article
138 - Evaluation of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Sources on Relative Abundance, Density and Biomass of Weeds in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
Roya Saeeidi Bahareh Parsa Motlagh Azam Seyedi , Hossein Shekofteh Maryam AhmadzadehIn order to investigate the effect of different sources of nitrogen fertilizer on the relative frequency, density and biomass of safflower, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications located in the research farm of MoreIn order to investigate the effect of different sources of nitrogen fertilizer on the relative frequency, density and biomass of safflower, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications located in the research farm of faculty of agriculture university of Jiroft in 2018-2019 year. The first factor at two levels included the use of manure and non-use of manure, the second factor included different nitrogen fertilizer sources at five levels of control, urea fertilizer, urea fertilizer with sulfur coating, ammonium nitrate, nitroxin and nano nitrogen. The results showed that in all three stages of sampling weeds, Clover (Trifolium repens L.) and Umbrella sedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) weeds had the highest and Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) and Sorrel (Rumex crispus L.) had the lowest relative abundance. Different sources of fertilizer had a significant effect on biomass weeds of clover, umbrella sedge, common mallow and other weeds during three sampling stages. Based on the results of mean comparison, the highest biomass was obtained of clover weed in the first stage in the treatment of manure with chemical fertilizers urea (17.04 g). The lowest biomass was obtained in no manure in control (6.47 g) and nano nitrogen fertilizer (4.63 g). Shannon and Margalef indices in the first stage of sampling 0.96 and 0.94, the second stage of sampling 0.79 and 1.06 and the third stage of sampling 0.63 and 1.11 respectively in the treatment of manure was more than to non-use manure. Sources of urea and urea fertilizers with sulfur coating had higher weed diversity index than other treatments. According to the results of this study, it is suggested to use biological sources of nitrogen in order to prevent weed infestation and competition with the target plant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Increase Flexibility and Improve Resilience in Smart Microgrids by Coordinating Storage Resources and Distributed Generation During Contingencies
Mohsen Gholami Mehrdad MallakiThe microgrid inertia as a result of tiny structure and barely tolerance variations, is fairly low. Thus, the maintenance of voltage stability and frequency specifically in islanded mode is extremely demanding. Even if these products have efficient control system, they MoreThe microgrid inertia as a result of tiny structure and barely tolerance variations, is fairly low. Thus, the maintenance of voltage stability and frequency specifically in islanded mode is extremely demanding. Even if these products have efficient control system, they can’t retain microgrid stability due to the low speed of response in primary sources of energy and communication delays of the links between outer unit and control system in distributed generation. Introducing a structure of fuzzy control arranged with neural network to balance between generation part and consumption part in micro grid is the main purpose of this paper. Using the fuzzy logic, this controller enables flexible operation of microgrids in both network and islanded modes. In the proposed control system, a trainable neural network in different operating conditions is responsible for fine tuning of the fuzzy logic system. Because of the sensitivity of the loads in the microgrid the proposed structure is designed to interact with the storage source in order to increase the response speed to the imbalance between production and consumption. This might prevent excessive voltage and frequency deviation, especially in the severe situations. With this controller, fluctuations in the production of renewable resources quickly compensated without a negative impact on resilience and instability of the microgrid, especially while disconnecting from the main network Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Optimal Load Shedding to Prevent Voltage Collapse Considering the Priority of Feeders and Buses
Somayeh Abdollahi Kakroudi Reza Ebrahimi Ahmad AhmadiToday, power systems are operated close to their stability limits for economic reasons. On the other hand, with the occurrence of outage, the stability of the system has a problem that there are various solutions to compensate. The last and safest way to control and mai MoreToday, power systems are operated close to their stability limits for economic reasons. On the other hand, with the occurrence of outage, the stability of the system has a problem that there are various solutions to compensate. The last and safest way to control and maintain system stability is load shedding. In this paper, under voltage load shedding is presented considering voltage dependent feeders load and also using the improved discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm (IDPSO). Since the load model is particular importance in the real load analysis, the decisions will be applied by considering voltage dependent load modeling. To ensure proper operation, the proposed method has been implemented using MATLAB software on the IEEE 30-bus test system by considering related constraints. For this purpose, two critical loads for the test system are considered and the results are examined. The results show that the proposed method provides the best location and amount of load shedding and indicates its effectiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Analysis and modeling of parallel FACTS devices with the aim of improving voltage stability under possible fault conditions
Hani shahnazari Hadi ShahnazarisaniThis paper examines the application of FACTS devices to increase the voltage stability margin in power systems. Most of the proposed methods for allocating FACTS devices consider only the normal state of the network. However, the mains voltage usually breaks down due to MoreThis paper examines the application of FACTS devices to increase the voltage stability margin in power systems. Most of the proposed methods for allocating FACTS devices consider only the normal state of the network. However, the mains voltage usually breaks down due to an unforeseen accident. Therefore, in this paper, the strategy of locating FACTS devices based on possible (unpredictable) studies is proposed. Using medal analysis, a possible index is defined that can be used to classify system buses based on their effect on improving system voltage stability, under all possible probabilities. This method has been shown to lead to integrated reactive power supply. As a result, it can be more effective in the event of a further error. The IEEE standard 14-bus network has been used to demonstrate the proposed achievement in locating parallel FACTS devices. The results show that the allocation of FACTS devices by the proposed method improves the system voltage stability under the conditions of error probability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Transient stability control using time domain simulations in optimal load distribution
Mehdi Motahari Afshin Lashkarara Seyed Ali Nabavi niakiThis paper presents a new method for achieving transient stability control to solve the optimal load distribution problem by considering the transient stability constraint (TSCOPF). The novelty of this research includes the use of the equivalent single machine (SIME) me MoreThis paper presents a new method for achieving transient stability control to solve the optimal load distribution problem by considering the transient stability constraint (TSCOPF). The novelty of this research includes the use of the equivalent single machine (SIME) method to implement and improve the two important and main parts of the TSCOPF problem. Part 1: SIME is used to analyze the transient stability of the power system. Part 2: SIME equates a multi-machine system to a single machine connected to an infinite bus (OMIB). The instability angle obtained from the equivalent OMIB angular path is used to construct the transient stability constraint. In this method, the transient stability constraint is included by SIME in each iteration of the TSCOPF method to accurately determine the dynamic behavior of the power system. Differential equations representing the dynamic behavior of system machines are decomposed into algebraic equations according to the trapezoidal rule. The proposed load distribution model is tested and analyzed on the IEEE 9-bus system (WECC). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Detection of voltage instability in load buses using ZL / ZS and Indicator indices
Amir OlfatiIn recent years, methods for timely detection of areas close to voltage instability have been proposed, which, unlike conventional methods, have simpler and faster calculations based on the measurement of local voltage and current phases at bus or grid lines. But some o MoreIn recent years, methods for timely detection of areas close to voltage instability have been proposed, which, unlike conventional methods, have simpler and faster calculations based on the measurement of local voltage and current phases at bus or grid lines. But some of them do not work well in real networks, so in this article, we will compare the performance of two of these indices and finally show that the performance of the ZL / ZS index is better and more reliable than the Indicator index. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - The Effect of Chief Executive Officer (CEO's) Narcissism and Hubris on the Relationship between Corporate Stability and Financial Performance
parisa yari darmeshkanloo marzieh ebrahimi shaghaghi hossein eslami mofidabadiPaying attention to the issue of sustainability in the financial and economic literature has attracted the attention of many researchers, and various aspects of this issue, including environmental, social, managerial and economic, have been examined in various researche MorePaying attention to the issue of sustainability in the financial and economic literature has attracted the attention of many researchers, and various aspects of this issue, including environmental, social, managerial and economic, have been examined in various researches. Knowing the effects that may be effective from the implementation of sustainability policies by companies on their performance, and in this regard, knowing the dimensions of the psychological personalities of managers as those responsible for the implementation of such policies led us to investigate the effect of the CEO's self-infatuation and hubris on the relationship between corporate sustainability and financial performance. The statistical society of this research included the companies accepted in the capital market of Tehran during the financial period of 2010 to 2019, and finally, after the implementation of the sampling method, the number of 1210 companies entered in the final sample. Three hypotheses have been proposed to investigate this research. The regression method used was the multivariate regression method. The results obtained from the regression show that corporate sustainability has a significant and positive effect on the company's financial performance at a significance level of 0.05, and also, the moderating role of CEO narcissism in the relationship between corporate sustainability and financial performance has been confirmed at a significance level of 0.05. The results of the hypotheses, in line with the results of previous researches and consistent with them, confirm the influence of behavioral and personality factors on the relationship between corporate sustainability and financial performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Theoretical investigation of tautomerisation of 3-Amino-1H-1,2,4-Triazol-5(4H)-One by using quantum calculations by DFT method.
بهزاد چهکندیدر این تحقیق بررسی توتومریزاسیون و حالتهای گذار مولکول 3-آمینو-1H-4،2،1- تریآزول-5)4H (- اٌن که حاصل از انتقالات 1و3 پروتون بین اتم های اکسیژن و نیتروژن است با استفاده از محاسبات کوانتومی در سطح محاسباتیDFT-B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)، در فاز گازی و در محیطی با حضور یک و دو م Moreدر این تحقیق بررسی توتومریزاسیون و حالتهای گذار مولکول 3-آمینو-1H-4،2،1- تریآزول-5)4H (- اٌن که حاصل از انتقالات 1و3 پروتون بین اتم های اکسیژن و نیتروژن است با استفاده از محاسبات کوانتومی در سطح محاسباتیDFT-B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)، در فاز گازی و در محیطی با حضور یک و دو مولکول آب انجام شده است. بدین منظور ساختار بهینه توتومرهای مختلف مولکول مورد نظر بدست آمدهاند. همچنین با استفاده از محاسبات فرکانس در سطح محاسباتی مشابه، خواص ترمودینامیکی تعادلهای مختلف توتومری از قبیل E∆، H∆، G∆ وKeq بدست آمدهاند. سپس با استفاده از روشهای QST2 و QST3 حالت های گذار تعادلهای توتومری مختلف مولکول3-آمینو-1H-4،2،1- تریآزول-5)4H (- اٌن و مقادیر سینتیکی و ترمودینامیکی آنها محاسبه شدهاند. اثرات تونلزنی نیز بر روی سرعت واکنشهای مربوطه بررسی شدهاند. نتایج نشان میدهند ثابت سرعت واکنشهای توتومری مورد بررسی نسبت به اثرات تونلزنی حساسیت بالایی دارند و سرعت واکنش های توتومری در حدود چهار تا پنج برابر افزایش مییابند. همچنین محاسبات حالت گذارنشان می دهند در غیاب مولکولهای آب سد انرژی مقدار بالایی دارد و سرعت واکنش های توتومری عمدتاً بدون حضور کاتالیزور خیلی آهسته بوده به عبارتی انجامپذیر نیستند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Investigation of Jahn-Teller Effect in Distortion of OX2 (X=Cl. Br. I) Molecular System
Reza Fazaeli Ali Esmaeili esmat MohammadinasabPseudo Jan-Teller effect is discussed as the one of the most factors in structural instability in OX2(X=Cl,Br,I) molecules. ِ Distortion from linear geometry is known as Pseudo-Jahn-Teller effect. This effect convert the high-symmetry structure to the low-symmetry. Effe MorePseudo Jan-Teller effect is discussed as the one of the most factors in structural instability in OX2(X=Cl,Br,I) molecules. ِ Distortion from linear geometry is known as Pseudo-Jahn-Teller effect. This effect convert the high-symmetry structure to the low-symmetry. Effective parameters in vibrational constant between [HOMO(-1) Πu to LUMO(Ʃg)] is investigated in linear geometry (D∞h) calculations in LC-wPBE/Def2-TZVPP، B3LYP/Def2-TZVPP and MP2/Def2-TZVPP level of theory generates structural parameters , corrected electronic energy, electronegativity and hardness.Mutual effect of [Lp(3)X to σ*(1)O-X] gives Stability Energy (E(2) ),vibrational coupling costant(Fij) and energy gap between above mentiond orbitals (Δ) .The interactions and effectiveness of these parameters with the structural parameters of the desired compounds were the focus of the study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Genetic Algorithm and ANN for Estimation of SPIV of Micro Beams
M. Heidari -
Open Access Article
148 - Modal and Aeroelastic Analysis of A High-Aspect-Ratio Wing with Large Deflection Capability
R. Koohi H. Shahverdi H. Haddadpour -
Open Access Article
149 - Finite Element Prediction on the Machining Stability of Boring Machine with Experimental Verification
R. Barzegar M. Mahboubkhah V. Zakeri R. Matin H. Hosseingholi Pourasl F. Abdollahzadeh Bina -
Open Access Article
150 - Analysis of Off-road Performance for a Tracked Vehicle
MohamadReza Elhami -
Open Access Article
151 - Design an Adaptive Sliding Mode Controller for a Class of Underactuated Systems
Hossein Moeinkhah Mohammad Ahmadi Balootaki -
Open Access Article
152 - Stability Enhancement of In-Wheel Motor Drive Electric Vehicle Using Adaptive Sliding Mode Control
Majid Majidi Aria noori Asiabar -
Open Access Article
153 - Genotype x environment interaction, stability analysis for yield and quality traits in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)
Ritu Mishra Anil K. Gupta Raj Kishori Lal -
Open Access Article
154 - In Student Marriage and presenting a favorable Structural Model in Isfahan universities
Mohsen Shariati Reza Esmaili seed naser hejaziThe purpose of this study was investigating the cultural factors (value agreement, normative agreement, religious agreement, cultural capital) affecting marital stability in student marriage and presenting a favorable structural model in Isfahan universities. The resear MoreThe purpose of this study was investigating the cultural factors (value agreement, normative agreement, religious agreement, cultural capital) affecting marital stability in student marriage and presenting a favorable structural model in Isfahan universities. The research design was a post-event and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all of Isfahan universities’ students, including University of Isfahan, Isfahan University of Technology, Khorasgan Azad University and Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, who were married as students between 2016 and 2018. from these individuals, a sample of 687 people was selected by purposive convenience sampling. The assessment tool included a researcher-made questionnaire on Cultural factors and Marital Stability (Shariati, 2019). Data were analyzed and tested using structural equation modeling. Findings showed that there is a significant positive effects between value agreement, normative agreement, religious agreement and cultural capital with marital stability (P <0.01). Findings of structural equation modeling showed that the proposed model of marriage stability based on cultural factors has a very good fit and is approved in every way. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - The effect of proactive personality, cognitive abilities and emotional stability on subjective career success: The diating role of self efficacy among female managers of governmental organizations
Roodabeh Bakhtiyari seyedmohammadjavad mousavi nia Marziye Laghaei nasrin arshadiThe purpose of this study was investigating the effect of proactive personality, cognitive abilities and emotional stability on subjective career success through mediating role of self-efficacy. The research method is correlation of structural equation modeling and stat MoreThe purpose of this study was investigating the effect of proactive personality, cognitive abilities and emotional stability on subjective career success through mediating role of self-efficacy. The research method is correlation of structural equation modeling and statistical population was the female managers of governmental organizations in ahvaz that 120 managers were studied by available sampling method. Research tools include careers success questionnaire (Gattiker & Larwood, 1986), proactive personality scale (Seibert et al., 1999), cognitive abilities questionnaire (nejati, 1392), emotional stability taken from Big Five Questionnaire (Caprara et al., 1993) and self-efficacy scale (Sherer et al., 1982). Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling method. The findings showed that direct effect of proactive personality and self-efficacy on subjective career success and direct effect of proactive personality, cognitive abilities and emotional stability on self-efficacy were significant (p< 0/001). Also the indirect effect of proactive personality, cognitive abilities and emotional stability on subjective career success was significant with the mediating role of self-efficacy (p< 0/001). Based on this, it can be concluded that proactive personality, both directly and through self-efficacy, affects the subjective career success. In addition, cognitive abilities and emotional stability through mediating self-efficacy improve subjective career success. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Effectiveness of Multidimensional Spiritual Therapy with a Focus on Weight Loss and its effect on Emotional Stability, Self-Control, and Body Mass Index in Overweight Women
mina shamsolahrari shahnaz nouhi ahmad aliporThe aim this study was effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual therapy with a focus on weight loss and its effect on emotional stability, self-control, and body mass index in overweight women. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-t MoreThe aim this study was effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual therapy with a focus on weight loss and its effect on emotional stability, self-control, and body mass index in overweight women. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with two experimental and control groups. The statistical population of all obese and overweight women referred to the Counseling and Psychology Clinic in District 3 of Tehran in 1398, and among them, 30 people were selected using the available sampling and were replaced in two experimental and control groups. . The Cattle Questionnaire (1973) was then completed by both groups, and both height and weight were measured. After that, a multidimensional spiritual therapy program with a focus on weight loss was implemented on the experimental group. The post-test was then performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and covariance analysis method. The findings showed that multidimensional spiritual therapy with a focus on weight loss increased emotional stability and self-control, and decreased body mass index (P = 0.001). Therefore, it can be said that teaching weight loss methods, if accompanied by the element of spirituality, can both affect weight loss and affect the regulation of emotions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Investigating the Effect of Voltage Controlled Oscillator Delay on the Stability of Phase Lock Loops
Saeed Talati Ali Rahmati Hamid Heidari -
Open Access Article
158 - Improving the Stability of a Power System Including SVC Based on Energy Function Minimization in a Multi-Model Optimal Coordinated Control Structure
Elaheh Pagard Shahrokh Shojaeian Mohammad Mahdi RezaeiIn this paper, the improvement of low frequency oscillation (LFO) damping in a power system including SVC is investigated. To achieve this goal, a new control strategy has been presented in which the multi-model controller is optimized using the linear optimal controlle MoreIn this paper, the improvement of low frequency oscillation (LFO) damping in a power system including SVC is investigated. To achieve this goal, a new control strategy has been presented in which the multi-model controller is optimized using the linear optimal controller (LOC) and the particle swarm algorithm (PSO). The control bank in the multi-model controller includes three LOC controllers that generate optimal signals through the linearization of the nonlinear equations of the system and the minimization of an energy function to be combined by the Bayes recursive algorithm simultaneously to the generator excitation system and SVC. In order to generate an optimal linear signal, Riccati's equation must be solved; Riccati's equation includes two weight matrices Rric and Qric. These matrices elements are optimized by PSO algorithm. The PSO algorithm has calculated the optimal Rric and Qric with two different objective functions of maximizing the eigenvalues and minimizing the area under the speed curve. To evaluate the MMC-LOC-PSO control strategy, the symmetrical three-phase error is applied to the worst bus and the results of these two objective functions are compared. The simulation of the single machine power system has been done by MATLAB. The proposed control strategy, while maintaining stability, also effectively damps the LFOs, in addition, the permanent rotor speed and rotor angle error have also been favorably pushed to zero. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - A Modified Scheme for Relays Coordination in Distribution Networks Considering the Transient Stability Criterion
Farzad Hajimohammadi Mohammad Reza Esmaili Ghazanfar Shahgholian Jawad FaizConsidering environmental issues and the use of green energy resources has led to the increase of Distributed Generations (DGs) connection to electric power grid. Beside many benefits, these generations impose challenges to the electric system. Two main challenges inves MoreConsidering environmental issues and the use of green energy resources has led to the increase of Distributed Generations (DGs) connection to electric power grid. Beside many benefits, these generations impose challenges to the electric system. Two main challenges investigated in this article are related to the impact of DGs on the Protective Devices (PDs) coordination and the transient stability of these resources at the fault time incidence. As for Synchronous-based Distributed Generations (SBDGs), the challenge of protection coordination arises from the injection current rate of these generations under fault circumstances and the transient stability challenge is due to the low inertia constant. In proposed method, by shifting the relay characteristic curve downwards and repositioning the curve below the Critical Clearing Time (CCT), not only the coordination of the PDs will be improved, but also the instability of SBDGs will be eliminated. This paper presents a modified time-current-voltage characteristic curve for the overcurrent relays. The simulation results done by ETAP software confirm the effective performance of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Effect of Reactive Power Static Compensator on Transient Stability in Power Systems
S. Mohammadali Zanjani Ghazanfar Shahgholian Mehdi Mahdavian Farhad MesrinejadWith the rapid progress of semiconductors in the level of voltage and power of the power system as well as the progress of control systems, compensators with high flexibility and performance range have been designed and built to increase the flexibility of energy transm MoreWith the rapid progress of semiconductors in the level of voltage and power of the power system as well as the progress of control systems, compensators with high flexibility and performance range have been designed and built to increase the flexibility of energy transmission systems. to be These compensators installed in power systems are called flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS). One of the most important advantages of FACTS devices in the transmission system is to increase the transient stability margin of the power system by controlling the active and reactive power of the line during the occurrence of a fault in the system. In this article, the effect of one FACTS device with parallel connection, i.e. static compensator, on transient stability is investigated. The studied system is a two-machine power system including a hydropower plant and a local power plant. The simulation results show the effect of the compensator on the damping of electric power angle fluctuations. Also, the simulation results show the lack of influence of the compensator on the transmission active power in the transmission line. The simulation results have been obtained using Simulink MATLAB software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - A Review on the Technical Challenges of Connecting Wind Energy Conversion Systems to the Grid
Majid Tavoosi Ehsan Heydarian-Forushani Mohammad Hassan Amirioun Mohsen Parsa MoghaddamWind power generation is making an increasingly significant contribution to global electricity production. The high penetration of wind power poses many operational and control challenges that affects the reliability and stability of power systems. In this Paper, the re MoreWind power generation is making an increasingly significant contribution to global electricity production. The high penetration of wind power poses many operational and control challenges that affects the reliability and stability of power systems. In this Paper, the reported technical challenges caused by the grid integration of wind energy conversion system (WECS) and the proposed solutions methodologies represents. The wind-generating system components and architecture are investigated at the beginning of this article for analysis and stability studies purposes, then are addressed various technical challenges; each challenge is discussed individually, focusing on the bulk integration of wind energy into the power systems. Some solutions, including grids code, energy storage technologies, appropriate control strategies, and other methodologies employed to mitigate the effects of the integration, are also included. This review is ready-reckoner of essential topics for further research of wind energy and available technologies in this field. This review provides ready-reckoner of essential topics for grid integration of wind energy and available technologies in direction of overcome the related difficulties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - اهمال کاری تحصیلی از دیدگاه تئوری انتساب: یک مرور کلی
Mehdi Haseli Songhori Kimiya Salamatiاهمال کاری تحصیلی یک مشکل رایج در بین دانشجویان است که با پیامدهای منفی مرتبط است. تاریخچه آن به دوران باستان باز می گردد، اما در دوران معاصر به دلیل تاکید بر زمان و کارایی بیشتر رواج یافته است. اهمال کاری تحصیلی نوع خاصی از اهمال کاری است که به دلیل حجم زیاد تکالیف و ض Moreاهمال کاری تحصیلی یک مشکل رایج در بین دانشجویان است که با پیامدهای منفی مرتبط است. تاریخچه آن به دوران باستان باز می گردد، اما در دوران معاصر به دلیل تاکید بر زمان و کارایی بیشتر رواج یافته است. اهمال کاری تحصیلی نوع خاصی از اهمال کاری است که به دلیل حجم زیاد تکالیف و ضرب الاجل در زمینه های تحصیلی در بین دانشجویان رایج است. نظریه انتساب یک چارچوب روانشناختی است که میتواند به ما کمک کند تا بفهمیم دانشجویان چگونه رفتار اهمالکاری خود و عواملی که به آن کمک میکنند را توضیح میدهند . اهمال کاری تحصیلی این سه بعد را شامل می شود: منبع کنترل، ثبات و کنترل پذیری. هر یک از ابعاد بر رفتار آینده افراد تأثیر می گذارد، از جمله اینکه آیا آنها یک کار را به تعویق می اندازند یا کامل می کنند. می توان پیش بینی کرد که افرادی که تمایل به اهمال کاری تحصیلی دارند ممکن است وظایف تحصیلی خود را به منبع کنترل بیرونی، علل پایدار و عواملی که خارج از کنترل آنها است نسبت دهند. در مقابل، افرادی که اهمال کاری نمی کنند احتمالاً وظایف تحصیلی خود را به منبع کنترل درونی، علل ناپایدار و عواملی که در کنترل آنها است نسبت می دهند. درک این نظریه ها می تواند به اساتید و دانشجویان کمک کند تا راهبردهایی برای غلبه بر اهمال کاری و بهبود عملکرد تحصیلی ایجاد کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Effect of Vertex Angle on Elastic-Plastic Stability of a Steel Open Conical Shell
H Shokrollahi -
Open Access Article
164 - Vibration Analysis of a Magneto Thermo Electrical Nano Fiber Reinforced with Graphene Oxide Powder Under Refined Beam Model
R Selvamani J Rexy F Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
165 - Dynamic Response of Bi-Directional Functionally Graded Materials (BDFGMs) Beams Rested on Visco-Pasternak Foundation Under Periodic Axial Force
A.A Ghorbanpour Arani S Niknejad A.A Abbasian Arani -
Open Access Article
166 - Static and Dynamic Stability Analysis of Thick CNT Reinforced Beams Resting on Pasternak Foundation Under Axial and Follower Forces
M Hosseini A Ghorbanpour Arani M karamizadeh Sh Niknejad A Hosseinpour -
Open Access Article
167 - Dynamic Stability Analysis of Bi-Directional Functionally Graded Beam with Various Shear Deformation Theories Under Harmonic Excitation and Thermal Environment
A Ghorbanpour Arani Sh Niknejad A Mihankhah I Safari -
Open Access Article
168 - Vibration and Stability Analysis of Composite Tube Conveying Fluid Flow Equipped with Piezoelectric Ring
M Nazarzadeh Ansarodi H Biglari M.R Saviz -
Open Access Article
169 - On the Aeroelastic Stability of a Two-Directional FG GNP-Enriched Conical Shell
A.R Shahidi A DarakhshIn this article, the supersonic flutter analysis of a truncated conical shell made of polymer enriched with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) exposed to supersonic fluid flow is discussed. It is assumed that the mass fraction of the GNPs is functionally graded (FG) along th MoreIn this article, the supersonic flutter analysis of a truncated conical shell made of polymer enriched with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) exposed to supersonic fluid flow is discussed. It is assumed that the mass fraction of the GNPs is functionally graded (FG) along thickness and length directions according to different dispersion patterns. Modeling of the shell is done using the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), the mechanical properties are computed according to the Halpin-Tsai model alongside the rule of the mixture, and the aerodynamic pressure is computed utilizing the piston theory. Utilizing Hamilton’s principle, the boundary conditions and the governing equations are achieved. Harmonic trigonometric functions are used to provide an analytical solution in the circumferential direction and an approximate solution is presented in the meridional direction using the differential quadrature method (DQM). The efficacy of various parameters on the aeroelastic stability are discussed such as the percentage and dispersion pattern of the GNPs and gradient indices. It is observed that to achieve higher aeroelastic stability in the GNP-enriched truncated conical shells, it is better to dispense the GNPs near the small radius and the inner surface of the shell. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Flow-Induced Instability Smart Control of Elastically Coupled Double-Nanotube-Systems
V Atabakhshian A Ghorbanpour Arani A.R Shajari S Amir -
Open Access Article
171 - Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Cracked Micro-Beams Below and at the Onset of Dynamic Pull-In Instability
R Hassannejad Sh Amiri Jahed -
Open Access Article
172 - Dynamic Stability of Functionally Graded Beams with Piezoelectric Layers Located on a Continuous Elastic Foundation
N Omidi M Karami Khorramabadi A Niknejad -
Open Access Article
173 - New Approach to Instability Threshold of a Simply Supported Rayleigh Shaft
M Faraji Mahyari K.H Faraji Mahyari S Fardpour -
Open Access Article
174 - Application of Piezoelectric and Functionally Graded Materials in Designing Electrostatically Actuated Micro Switches
A Hosseinzadeh M.T Ahmadian -
Open Access Article
175 - Torsional Stability of Cylindrical Shells with Functionally Graded Middle Layer on the Winkler Elastic Foundation
A.H Sofiyev S Adiguzel -
Open Access Article
176 - Dynamic Instability of Visco-SWCNTs Conveying Pulsating Fluid Based on Sinusoidal Surface Couple Stress Theory
A Ghorbanpour Arani R Kolahchi M Jamali M Mosayyebi I Alinaghian -
Open Access Article
177 - Nonlinear Vibration and Instability Analysis of a PVDF Cylindrical Shell Reinforced with BNNTs Conveying Viscose Fluid Using HDQ Method
R Kolahchi A Ghorbanpour Arani -
Open Access Article
178 - Effect of Temperature Changes on Dynamic Pull-in Phenomenon in a Functionally Graded Capacitive Micro-beam
B Mohammadi-Alasti G Rezazadeh M Abbasgholipour -
Open Access Article
179 - On the Analysis of FGM Beams: FEM with Innovative Element
M Zakeri A Modarakar Haghighi R Attarnejad -
Open Access Article
180 - Crack Influences on the Static and Dynamic Characteristic of a Micro-Beam Subjected to Electro Statically Loading
A.R Shahani G Rezazadeh A Rahmani -
Open Access Article
181 - Viscous Fluid Flow-Induced Nonlocal Nonlinear Vibration of Embedded DWBNNTs
A Ghorbanpour Arani Z Khoddami Maraghi R Kolahchi M Mohammadimehr -
Open Access Article
182 - On the Stability of an Electrostatically-Actuated Functionally Graded Magneto-Electro-Elastic Micro-Beams Under Magneto-Electric Conditions
A Amiri G Rezazadeh R Shabani A Khanchehgardan -
Open Access Article
183 - Pull-In Instability of MSGT Piezoelectric Polymeric FG-SWCNTs Reinforced Nanocomposite Considering Surface Stress Effect
A Ghorbanpour Arani B Rousta Navi M Mohammadimehr S Niknejad A.A Ghorbanpour Arani A Hosseinpour -
Open Access Article
184 - Investigating the Stability of various implicit Runge-Kutta methods
Razieh Ketabchi -
Open Access Article
185 - Solution and stability analysis of coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations
M. Shahmansouri B. FarrokhiWe consider a new type of integrable coupled nonlinear Schrodinger (CNLS)equations proposed by our self [submitted to Phys. Plasmas (2011)]. The explicitform of soliton solutions are derived using the Hirota's bilinear method.We show that the parameters in the CNLS equa MoreWe consider a new type of integrable coupled nonlinear Schrodinger (CNLS)equations proposed by our self [submitted to Phys. Plasmas (2011)]. The explicitform of soliton solutions are derived using the Hirota's bilinear method.We show that the parameters in the CNLS equations only determine the regionsfor the existence of bright and dark soliton solutions. Finally, throughthe linear stability analysis, the modulational instability condition is given. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - A note on positive de niteness and stability of interval matrices
Hana VeisehIt is proved that by using bounds of eigenvalues of an interval matrix, someconditions for checking positive deniteness and stability of interval matricescan be presented. These conditions have been proved previously with variousmethods and now we provide some new proo MoreIt is proved that by using bounds of eigenvalues of an interval matrix, someconditions for checking positive deniteness and stability of interval matricescan be presented. These conditions have been proved previously with variousmethods and now we provide some new proofs for them with a unity method.Furthermore we introduce a new necessary and sucient condition for checkingstability of interval matrices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - A note on positive de niteness and stability of interval matrices
H. Veiseh -
Open Access Article
188 - Effects of instability versus high-volume resistance training on thigh muscle cross-sectional area and hormonal adaptations
Nooshin Mehrpuya Mehrzad Moghadasi -
Open Access Article
189 - Effect of a Mix Soybean Oil, Sunflower Oil and Canola Oil on Oxidative Stabilization and Organoleptic Properties of Low-Fat Mayonnaise
Mozhgan Balali Alireza Rahman Maryam FahimdaneshThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various edible oils (soybean, sunflower and canola) at %30 weight using a separate and combination of oils in seven samples on the quality and oxidative degradtaion of low-fat mayonnaise during a pediod of 6 months MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various edible oils (soybean, sunflower and canola) at %30 weight using a separate and combination of oils in seven samples on the quality and oxidative degradtaion of low-fat mayonnaise during a pediod of 6 months at a temperature of 10 degree Celicus under controlled conditions. the results showed that the pH and acidity of all samples were in the range of 3.04-3.16% and 0.932-1.019%, respectively. During the maintenance period, the pH and viscosity of the mayonnaise samples decreased gradually, while acidity increased. The samples containing %15 sunflower (A5) and the equal mixture of oils (A3) of %10 each, had the highest viscosity. All samples had a perfect emulsion stability during maintenance. Combination of different oils influnced the oxidation indices of low-fat mayonnaise significantly so that the lowest oxidation index was related to the sample containing %15 canola oil (A6). Throughoput the time, the amount of peroxide, anisidine and totox of all studied samples decreased sifnificantly. the results of sensory evaluation showed that oil type did not have a significant effect on taste, texture, sense of mouth, smell and general acceptance of low-fat mayonnaise. The lowest taste rate was for the sample containing %30 canola oil or all canola(A2), followed by a %15 canola oil sample (A6). However, all the mayonnaise samples were acceptable in terms of sensory characteristics. finaaly, according to the obtained results, the sample of %15 canola oil (A6) was considered as an optimal sample. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Evaluation of slope disaster susceptibility based on GIS and three-level fuzzy evaluation method
Ming Yang -
Open Access Article
191 - Evaluation of the Effects of Human Hazards on the Instability of Natural Resources and the Rural Environment in the Central Part of Alborz, Qazvin Province
Vahid Bigdeli Rad Shahram MalekiThe instability of natural and environmental resources in rural areas in the occurrence of factors such as the destruction of non-renewable natural resources such as water and fossil fuels, the destruction of the environment and the destruction of animal and plant speci MoreThe instability of natural and environmental resources in rural areas in the occurrence of factors such as the destruction of non-renewable natural resources such as water and fossil fuels, the destruction of the environment and the destruction of animal and plant species, the collapse of the regional ecosystem and ecology, migration and its consequences on society, have a great impact It will have a critical and vital effect on this area. One of the ways to deal with these problems is to identify and understand the existing conditions of the natural and environmental resources governing the villages by using criteria to evaluate the impact of human hazards on the instability of natural and environmental resources. In the present research, first, the criteria for measuring human risks in the instability of natural and environmental resources in rural areas were identified, and then, in the analytical stage, these criteria were evaluated and ranked using the hierarchical analysis method. In this evaluation of water wastage, unauthorized wells and excessive livestock grazing had the greatest impact on the instability of natural resources. In the following, it was found that Lea industrial town, Piryousfian village and Meshaldar village had the greatest impact and Kisht and Sanat Company and Minodar Company had the least impact on the instability of natural and environmental resources caused by human hazards in the central part of Alborz city Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Investigating the Stability of Lentil Genotypes Using Parametric Statistics in Rainfed Conditions
Mohammad Rasouli Fariborz Inanloo MeranlooIn order to evaluate the stability of the performance of lentil ecotypes in Qazvin province, an experiment in the form of a randomized blocks design was carried out in six planting dates with three replications at the soil and water conservation research station of Tehr MoreIn order to evaluate the stability of the performance of lentil ecotypes in Qazvin province, an experiment in the form of a randomized blocks design was carried out in six planting dates with three replications at the soil and water conservation research station of Tehran University in Kohin rainfed lands. The results of composite variance analysis showed a significant difference between the environments, genotypes and the genotype × environment interaction. The results of parametric statistics analysis showed that According to the berhart and Russell method, the Pardis green genotype with the highest yield and line slope has special adaptability to Autumn planting, and the FILIP 2004-31L genotype with a line slope close to one was a desirable and stable genotype. Based on Rick's equivalence and stability variance of Shukla, FILIP 2004-31L genotype was the most stable and Sabz Pardis were the most unstable genotype .According to Plaisted Peterson parameters θᵢ, genotypes 7, 14, 5, and 6 with the lowest amount of θᵢ are more stable and in terms parameter Plaisted θ₍ᵢ₎ and genotypes 7, 14, 5,and 6 are more stable with the highest amount of GE variance. Also, according to Francis and Kanenberg CVi parameter, genotypes with low coefficient of variation of environmental variance (EV) and Average high yield seems to be the most desirable. Genotypes 4, 1, and 8 are more stable. In total, genotype 7 having a low regression deviation bi=1.04, Rick's equivalence (Wi2), and Romero's environmental variance, Peterson's plastid θᵢ is low and relatively favorable performance is considered as a stable genotype. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - Kinetics and biochemical characterization of silver nanozymes and investigating impact of storage conditions on their activity and shelf-life
Saeed Reza Hormozi Jangi Zahra DehghaniIn this contribution, bare silver nanozymes were synthesized by a simple method, and their optical properties, size, morphology, crystalline structure, and nanozymatic behavior were evaluated. The as-prepared nanozymes reveal a specific activity as high as 5.02 μM mi MoreIn this contribution, bare silver nanozymes were synthesized by a simple method, and their optical properties, size, morphology, crystalline structure, and nanozymatic behavior were evaluated. The as-prepared nanozymes reveal a specific activity as high as 5.02 μM min-1, therefore, their biochemical characterization was performed to investigate their stability against environmental changes such as pH and temperature variations, revealing maximum nanozyme activity over pH range of 3.5-4.5 at 25-30 ℃. Thereafter, the impact of the storage conditions on the nanozyme activity and shelf-life were investigated, revealing that the activity of the as-prepared nanozymes was retained at about 75% and 63% after exposing to light and air oxygen for 7 days, respectively. Besides, based on kinetics studies, Km, and Vmax of these nanozymes were calculated as 0.05 mM and 113.6 nM sec-1, in turn, revealing their high nanozyme activity and catalytic efficiency. Finally, the shelf-life (storage stability) of the as-prepared nanozymes was investigated under common storage conditions (i.e. 4°C in the dark), revealing that 96% of the initial activity of nanozymes was saved after 10 days of storage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - Optimization of gel formulation containing CMC, HPMC, and PVA enhanced cosmetic, hygiene, and pharmaceutical applications using central composite design (CCD)
Rezvan Ahmadi pour Farzaneh EbrahimzadehIn this study, the characteristics of gels produced from polymers including carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were investigated as functions of transparency preservation, pH, and viscosity retention over a p MoreIn this study, the characteristics of gels produced from polymers including carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were investigated as functions of transparency preservation, pH, and viscosity retention over a period of 60 days. The investigation was conducted using Design Expert software and by employing a design of experiments based on a Central Composite Design (CCD) model. Changes in the weight ratio of the gel producer's implementation are considered the independent variable, while variations in pH, transparency, and viscosity changes of the produced gels over a 60-day period are recognized as the dependent variables. The variations in viscosity over the course of 60 days, at time intervals of 1, 7, 14, 28, and 60 days, for CMC, HPMC, and PVA individually, indicate that without the presence of a cross-linking agent, viscosity undergoes changes over time. Through a detailed analysis of the results obtained from 16 designed experiments, the optimal gel formulation, which ensures the preservation of structure, transparency, and pH within the neutral range, as well as the retention of viscosity over time, was predicted. This optimal formulation consists of a weight ratio of 9.68% CMC, 1.27% HPMC, and 4% PVA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - Comparison of thermal stability of cured epoxy resins with benzylidene bis-(4-hydroxycoumarin) derivatives
Ghasem Rahpaima Jalil KhezriIn this research, benzylidene bis-(4-hydroxycoumarin) derivatives were used as a curing agent to prepare epoxy resin with high performance and excellent thermal stability. For this purpose,4- benzylidene bis 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives were synthesized using 2-aminoph MoreIn this research, benzylidene bis-(4-hydroxycoumarin) derivatives were used as a curing agent to prepare epoxy resin with high performance and excellent thermal stability. For this purpose,4- benzylidene bis 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives were synthesized using 2-aminophenol/phoenix dactylifera polymer nanocomposite catalyst. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) technique was used to investigate the morphology of cured epoxy resin. The comparison of parameters of degradation start temperature, residual carbon yield and kinetic parameters was done to evaluate the thermal stability of cured epoxy resin using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the epoxy resin cured with 3,'3-(4-nitrobenzylidene)bis(4-hydroxy-coumarin) have a high degradation start temperature and good carbon efficiency rather than other derivatives. After the 4-nitro derivative, the 4-chloro, 4-fluoro and 4-methyl derivatives have higher thermal stability. So it can be said that the nitro group has provided higher thermal stability rather than chloro, fluoro and methyl groups for cured epoxy resin. As a result, benzylidene 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives bring high thermal stability to cured epoxy resin due to having aromatic rings Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - Predicting Banks' Financial Distress by Data Envelopment Analysis Model and CAMELS Indicators
Abass Paidar Morteza Shafiee Fariborz Avazzadeh Hashem Valipour -
Open Access Article
197 - A Model of Evaluating the Agile of Health care Institute using a Stable Balanced Score Card (Case study: selected Hospitals in Guilan province)
Faegheh Saharkhiz Roshandel jalal haghighat monfared Hossein Adab -
Open Access Article
198 - Stability of the Classification of Returns to Scale FDH Models in the Presence of Undesirable Data
Leila Jalaei Dariush Akbarian -
Open Access Article
199 - The effectiveness of Glaser's choice theory training on marital burnout and family instability in couples with military spouses
Eftekhar Ameri Aezam Vaziri-NasabIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of Glaser's Choice Theory training on marital burnout and family instability in couples with a military wife in Kerman.Method: The research method was semi-experimental with experimental and MoreIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of Glaser's Choice Theory training on marital burnout and family instability in couples with a military wife in Kerman.Method: The research method was semi-experimental with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this research included all the couples who referred to family counseling centers in Kerman city in the first three months of 2012. 30 of them were selected as available and randomly replaced in two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Glaser's choice theory training intervention was conducted in 8 weekly sessions for 90 minutes. In order to collect data, questionnaires of marital dissatisfaction and family instability were used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics tests (mean and standard deviation) and univariate covariance analysis were used with SPSS version 24 software.Results: The results showed that Glaser's choice theory training had a significant effect on marital dissatisfaction and family stability in couples with military spouses (P<0.001). Eta square showed that Glaser's choice theory training explains 49% of changes in marital dissatisfaction and 58% of family instability in couples with military spouses.Conclusion: According to the results of this research, it is suggested to use Glaser's choice theory training in reducing marital dissatisfaction and family instability in couples with military spouses.Extended Abstract Introduction: Many variables play a role in the emergence of marital conflicts and tensions and the desire for divorce. Job and job stress are considered as one of the most important factors affecting the health and functioning of the family. One of the jobs with high stress and special complexity are military jobs, which are combined with stress, being away from family and living in difficult conditions, and this stress creates significant consequences in the family environment. The existence of job requirements of military personnel (mission, training, guarding, etc.) is sometimes associated with the intolerance and dissatisfaction of their families, such as stress, conflicts, marital incompatibility. For this reason, some couples can't tolerate such conditions and finally they are satisfied with leaving their jobs or their family conditions lead to marital boredom, divorce and separation. Burnout is defined as a state of physical, emotional and mental fatigue that occurs in the conditions of long-term conflict with emotional demands. Another variable influencing the relationship between couples is family stability. The stability of married life is a situation in which couples enjoy relative peace and tranquility and bring love through mutual understanding and care and support each other without any intention to break their marriage and against any A relationship that does not have the mentioned characteristics leads to instability and unsustainability of married life. One of the effective treatments to reduce the psychological problems of couples is Glasser's choice theory training. Choice theory is about choosing better; But before that, each person should understand the reason for their bad choices. Choice theory states that it is we who choose all our actions, including our feelings of misery. Group reality therapy training is based on choice theory and its main goal is to motivate clients to take practical actions to change the current unwanted conditions. With the increase of marital conflicts in Iran and the high prevalence of psychological injuries as well as the importance of couples' communication with each other, it seems necessary to identify effective and efficient interventions in order to be more productive in the relationships between military spouses. Glaser's choice theory training has a significant effect on increasing compatibility and improving marital social-communicative skills. Considering what has been said and also the lack of research that has investigated all the variables of the current research in one study, therefore the current research aims to determine the effectiveness of Glaser's choice theory training on marital dissatisfaction and family instability in married couples. Kerman city military was carried out.Method: The research method was semi-experimental with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this research included all the couples who referred to family counseling centers in Kerman city in the first three months of 2012. 30 of them were selected as available and randomly replaced in two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Glaser's choice theory training intervention was conducted in 8 weekly sessions for 90 minutes. In order to collect data, questionnaires of marital dissatisfaction and family instability were used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics tests (mean and standard deviation) and univariate covariance analysis were used with SPSS version 24 software.Results: The results showed that Glaser's choice theory training had a significant effect on marital dissatisfaction and family stability in couples with military spouses (P<0.001). Eta square showed that Glaser's choice theory training explains 49% of changes in marital dissatisfaction and 58% of family instability in couples with military spouses. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, it is suggested to use Glaser's choice theory training in reducing marital dissatisfaction and family instability in couples with military spouses. In explaining these findings, it can be said that marital dissatisfaction occurs when they realize that despite all their efforts, their relationship has not and will not give meaning to life. Because communication skills reduce the negative aspects of interpersonal relationships and create satisfaction and positive attitude, therefore it reduces apathy and apathy. Among the applications of Glaser's choice theory methods are strengthening self-confidence and self-respect, equipping people with tools and methods to deal with environmental and psychological pressures, helping to strengthen and develop friendly, useful and healthy relationships, improving the level of healthy and useful social behaviors. Is. If the way of communicating with people-clients-is intimate, friendly and positive, the times of life and work will be pleasant, and on the contrary, if the type of this communication is hostile and combined with negative emotions, it will make it exhausting to bear every moment of it. Glaser's reality therapy teaches couples the correct way to interact, reduces frustration and violence, and increases the stability of the family, so it can be concluded that Glaser's choice theory techniques are effective in increasing the stability of the couple's family. Among the limitations of this research, it can be said that the subjects were couples with military spouses from Kerman city, which should be cautious in generalizing the results. Based on the results of this research, it is suggested to use choice theory training for couples with other psychological problems. It is suggested to study the effect of teaching choice theory in civilian couples as well as in the early years of life.Keywords: Glaser's choice theory, marital dissatisfaction, family instability, couples, military.AcknowledgementsWe hereby thank and appreciate all the participants in this research. FundingGlaser's choice theory training had a significant effect on the marital dissatisfaction and family instability in couples with military spouses. Ethics approval and consent to participateThis article is taken from the master's thesis of the first author with the cooperation of respected professors, advisors and advisors, and has been approved by the ethics committee of the Islamic Azad University, Kerman branch with the number IR.IAU.KERMAN.REC.1402.089.Conflict interestsAccording to the authors, this article has no financial sponsor or conflict of interest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - تحلیل ترک در ارتباط با پایداری سدهای وزنیبتنی با استفاده از نرمافزار CADAM (مطالعه موردی: سد تنظیمی دز)
علی بهشتی حسن کیامنشمطالعه حاظر به بررسی تنش و تحلیل ترک در سدهای ­وزنی-بتنی تحت شتاب­ ثابت حاصل از زمین­لرزه در راستای افقی و زلزله­های القایی تولید شده از جانب مخزن سد پرداخته است. این تحلیل با استفاده از نرم­افزارCADAM انجام شد. هدف اصلی از محاسبات تنش، تعیین Moreمطالعه حاظر به بررسی تنش و تحلیل ترک در سدهای ­وزنی-بتنی تحت شتاب­ ثابت حاصل از زمین­لرزه در راستای افقی و زلزله­های القایی تولید شده از جانب مخزن سد پرداخته است. این تحلیل با استفاده از نرم­افزارCADAM انجام شد. هدف اصلی از محاسبات تنش، تعیین میزان کشش طول شکاف می­باشد که بر اثر نیروهای اینرسی موجود در سد ایجاد می­شوند و تأثیر این تنش­ها بر پایداری سد بتنی می­باشد. نرمافزار CADAM در سال 2003 در دانشگاه مونترال و برای تحلیل سدهای بتنی در حالات مختلف طراحی شده است. در این مقاله به تحلیل شکاف و تأثیر آن بر پایداری سد وزنی­بتنی با بیشینه زلزله g28/0 پرداخته شد و نتایج آن در هر درز اجرایی به صورت مجزا مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. در تمامی درزها حداقل ضریب ایمنی در برابر پایداری (حداقل 3/1) حاصل شد. با مشاهده جداول نتایج می­توان به این نتیجه رسید که پایداری سد تنظیمیدز برای شتاب زلزله افقی معادل g 28/0 مناسب بوده هر چند ترک­هایی در بدنه سد بوجود می­آید اما باعث خرابی سد نمی­شوند و تمامی پارامترهای بدست آمده در حالت زلزله و حالت عادی قابل قبول می­باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - تحلیل پایداری سد خاکی مارون توسط نرم افزار ANSYS و Geo Studio
علی دلوری نژاد هوشنگ حسونی زاده امیرعباس کمان بدست از نکات مهم طراحی، آنالیز نشست و تحلیل پایداری است که با کمک نرم افزارهای عددی پیشرفته متوازن قبل یا بعد از احداث به دست می آید. هدف مطالعه حاضر تحلیل سد خاکی توسط نرمافزار Ansys 12 در برابر عوامل تأثیرگذار بر پایداری آن صورت گرفته است. سدمورد مطالعه، سدخا More از نکات مهم طراحی، آنالیز نشست و تحلیل پایداری است که با کمک نرم افزارهای عددی پیشرفته متوازن قبل یا بعد از احداث به دست می آید. هدف مطالعه حاضر تحلیل سد خاکی توسط نرمافزار Ansys 12 در برابر عوامل تأثیرگذار بر پایداری آن صورت گرفته است. سدمورد مطالعه، سدخاکی مارون بود که این سد در 19 کیلومتری شمال بهبهان و بر رودخانه مارون احداث شده است. این سد از نوع خاکی – سنگریزهای می باشد. در این تحقیق سعی شده تا پایداری سد را توسط روش المان محدود با کمک نرمافزار Ansys (civil fem) انجام داده و سپس با نتایج نرمافزاری همچون Geo-studio مقایسه شود. سپس به بررسی پایداری شیبهای سد پرداخته شده و با روشهای مختلف رفتار سد شبیه سازی شده است و نتایج نسبتا یکسان درارتباط با فاکتور ایمنی و محل سطح ناپایدار به دست آمد و فاکتور ایمنی به روش بیشاپ در ansys برای بالا دست سد عدد 4.21 و در geo studio عدد 4,71 بدست آمد. در پایان با تحلیل تنش و کرنش و جابجایی مقادیر حداکثر و حداقل تنش محاسبه و مناطق دچار نشست و مناطقی که در اثر اختلاف نشست امکان ترک خوردگی در آنها وجود دارد مشخص می شود که در این قسمت هر دو نرم افزار نتایج نسبتا یکسانی ارائه دادند و میزان حداکثر جابجایی قائم در سد 5 تا 6 متر برآورد شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Identifying And Prioritizing Supply Chain Sustainability Indicators And Presenting A Comprehensive Sustainability Model Related To Yazd Ceramic Tile Industry With The Grounded Theory And The Best-Worst Fuzzy Method
mohsen mirjalili Hasan Dehghan Dehnavi shahnaz nayebzadehThe need to observe the factors of sustainable development (especially environmental issues) in the ceramic-tile industry due to the high share of factories in this industry, has always been emphasized. In this article, we have tried to study the effective factors in th MoreThe need to observe the factors of sustainable development (especially environmental issues) in the ceramic-tile industry due to the high share of factories in this industry, has always been emphasized. In this article, we have tried to study the effective factors in the sustainable development of the supply chain of the ceramic-tile industry in Yazd province. The purpose of this study is to identify the indicators and provide a comprehensive model of supply chain sustainability in the ceramic-tile industry of Yazd province and to prioritize the indicators. Initially, while studying the research literature, 11 university administrators and experts were selected. Samples were selected by non-probabilistic snowball sampling method. The components were identified through semi-structured interviews and sampling was continued until theoretical saturation was obtained. In the qualitative part, the grounded theory approach was used. The obtained sub-indices were classified into 91 codes, 19 concepts and 6 categories based on the analysis of the grounded theory approach. Also, the findings of the quality sector led to the presentation of a comprehensive model of supply chain stability in the ceramic-tile industry of Yazd province. Quantitative data analysis was performed using the best-worst fuzzy method through Lingo17 software. And the results of the quantitative section led to the calculation of weight as well as the prioritization of dimensions and indicators. The concept of equipment with a final weight of 0.2777 was prioritized as the most important indicator and the concept of globalization with a final weight of 0.0027 as the least important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - Development of a model for predicting the Marital Relations based on Social Factors and Satisfaction of Marital relationship in Student Marriages and ranking of these factors
mohsen shariati kamalabadi reza esmaili seed naser hejaziThe purpose of this study was development of a model for predicting the marital stability based on social factors (socio-economic status, social homogeneity, and social capital) and satisfaction of marital relationship in student marriages and ranking of these factors i MoreThe purpose of this study was development of a model for predicting the marital stability based on social factors (socio-economic status, social homogeneity, and social capital) and satisfaction of marital relationship in student marriages and ranking of these factors in universities of Isfahan. The research method was descriptive structural equation modeling. The research design was a post-event and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all of Isfahan universities’ students, including University of Isfahan, Isfahan University of Technology, Khorasgan Azad University and Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, who were married as students between 2016 and 2018. From these individuals, a sample of 687 people was selected by purposive convenience sampling. The assessment tool included a researcher-made questionnaire on Social factors, satisfaction of marital relationship and Marital Stability (Shariati, 2019). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and Friedman test. Findings showed that among the social factors, only the factor of social homogeneity of spouses (P <0.05) and satisfaction of marital relationship (P <0.01) are able to significantly explain the marital stability in student marriages. Findings of Friedman test also showed that satisfaction of marital relationship, socio-economic status, social homogeneity and social capital are important in the stability of marriage, respectively and there is a significant difference in the mean rankings (P <0.05). According to these findings, basic programs for marital stability should first focus on education and improving marital relationships, and social factors can be considered in premarital programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - A review of the effect of nano-lubricant additives on improving the tribological properties of lubricants
Abbas Taghipoor Using nano additives in lubricants is one of the most effective ways to control friction and wear, which is significant for energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection. With scientific and technological development, gre More Using nano additives in lubricants is one of the most effective ways to control friction and wear, which is significant for energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection. With scientific and technological development, great advances have been made in nano lubricant additives in scientific research and industrial applications. This review summarizes the categories of nano lubricant additives and illustrates the tribological properties of these additives. Based on the component elements of nanomaterials, nano lubricant additives are discussed in three types, nanometal-based, nanocarbon-based, and nanocomposite-based additives in the review systematically. Moreover, the review summarizes the lubrication mechanisms of nano lubricant additives, including tribofilm formation, micro-bearing effect, self-repair performance, and synergistic effect. At last, the challenges and prospects of nano lubricant additives are proposed, which guide the design and synthesis of novel additives with significant lubrication and antiwear properties in the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - Stability Comparison of the Left and right Bank Mass move of LowerSiahbisheh Dam Reservoir
ناصر Ebadati مرجان Madanipour S.H Mirzeinali yazdiIn this paper try to evaluate the factors effective in instability of the lower Siahbisheh dam wall in the dam leftand rghit bank in terms of the slope sliding potential and the solutions to stabilization of the dam wallconsidering the technical and economic considerati MoreIn this paper try to evaluate the factors effective in instability of the lower Siahbisheh dam wall in the dam leftand rghit bank in terms of the slope sliding potential and the solutions to stabilization of the dam wallconsidering the technical and economic considerations as well as the present limitations. With this aim in view,in the first step the field inspections were made and the important terrain features and tectonic elements wereidentified, and after collecting the existing set of subsurface information, in order to determining the depthexpansion of the sliding mass, the displacement of sliding mass was identified using data resulting from theexploratory soil borings (sondage) having been excavated during the dam project studies' procedures. Next, thegeomechanical parameters of the sliding mass were estimated with suitable accuracy for performing the stabilityanalysis and the final instability analyses of the study area were carried out along profiles. Ultimately, thestability analysis results in different conditions: reservoir rapid water drawdown loading, gravity load, theearthquake conditions and the presence of water pressure were evaluated. The results showed that in all sectionsduring loading of rapid drawdown of the reservoir water, the safety factors of the slope will be less than 1 whichis indicative of inevitable failure of the slope. Methods of soil excavation and embankment upstream anddownstream of the sliding mass and the sliding mass and consolidate choice was offered. Excavation andembankment operations performed in this way, at least according to the calculated maximum volume soil worksis left bank. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - Hazard zonation of slope instability along Kan-Souleghan route by the use of Fuzzy method
Sahar Hasani Ali Uromiea Zhara MalekiSlope instability is regarded as a worldwide problem that has direct effect on human life and the environment. The human intervention in nature by building structures and disrupting natural causes increase in the number of landslide event. Landslide hazard zonation mapp MoreSlope instability is regarded as a worldwide problem that has direct effect on human life and the environment. The human intervention in nature by building structures and disrupting natural causes increase in the number of landslide event. Landslide hazard zonation mapping is considered to be one of the most reliable methods for evaluating the potential of landslide event along road. These maps can provide in the way of useful information in relation to the identification of high risk areas offer and accordingly, stabilization methods proposed to prevent such risks. In this study, maps of hazard zone landsliding were produced, by using fuzzy logic in ArcGIS and IDRISI along Kan–Suleghan road. Then, in order to assess the accuracy and efficiency of different operators, for creating better results, the fuzzy method was used. Based on studies, revealed the effects of tectonic factors such as faults is most effective parameter. In zoning maps, risk of landslide with fuzzyoverlayOR, the scope of present landslides in the region compared to the area with possibility of landslide occurance in the maps have been showed the good matching. So, in the paper, area it is suggested to prevent construction projects in area with high probability of landslides. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
207 - Geotechnical- Environmental Study of Landslide in West of Gateh-kash Village in Kojour Area, Noshahr
Reza KhajevandKojour mountainous region, located in Mazandaran province due to high altitude, existence marl, lay and shale layers, high seismic activity, dominantly Mountainous topography and high rainfall; available appropriate condition for land slide. Pathway as for geological co MoreKojour mountainous region, located in Mazandaran province due to high altitude, existence marl, lay and shale layers, high seismic activity, dominantly Mountainous topography and high rainfall; available appropriate condition for land slide. Pathway as for geological condition and climate is capable for mass wasting. Experience of many slides after operation subsidiary this subject. In this paper reason of occurrence land slide on 27th kilometer of Kojour pathway, in west of Gateh Kash village survey and studied. For this reason, beneficial of field revisions, study geological maps, aerial photograph and satellite images; basic ingredient in instability at slightly zone survey and studied. According to study this slide is transitional slide and seven factor include lithology, topography, distance of fault, engineering geology of sliding mass, hydrology and hydrogeology, climate and land usage effective and essential in occurrence this slide determine, recognize and analyzed. Obtained safety factor during stability analysis by limit equilibrium indicating slope stability in present condition, but changing in stability effective factor, again sliding is probable. During surveying parts by high potential to sliding recognize, hence for appropriate stabilization operation for hazardous zone offering. Quantities assessment conclusion of environmental effective and weighting on affected parameter of slide with cluster analysis, showed negative impact on environment and meaningful relationship between this parameter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - Seismic vulnerability hazard assessment of south coastal on the Caspian Sea
همایون KHoshravan جواد Malek حامد Barimani احمد HashemiThis research has directed to gain the seismic instability hazard assessment in the southern coastalprovinces of the Caspian Sea as main target. Main active faults have been recognized by correlationthe seismic source points with faults location map. Mazandaran great fa MoreThis research has directed to gain the seismic instability hazard assessment in the southern coastalprovinces of the Caspian Sea as main target. Main active faults have been recognized by correlationthe seismic source points with faults location map. Mazandaran great fault, Alborz, Lahijan, Badeleh,Lavij and Astara was known as the most active faults during the Quaternary period. High vulnerablearea has been distinguished by applying seismic occurrence probability with magnitude more than 5Richter. Then geotechnical hazard degree has been evaluated by overlapping the other informationlayers such as: topography, slope and its direction, sediments composition, precipitation amount, roadsand construction, land use and water table condition in the universal ranking model in the geographicalinformation system. Data results as GIS maps show that the seismic hazard risk is relatively highgrade at near the main faults (Mazandaran great fault, Astara and Lahijan faults). The occurrenceprobability of land slide is concentrated near the centre part of the southern coasts of the Caspian Sea(Noor- Neka) and along the Gorgan plain with lose sediment.Other geotechnical hazard events suchas: liquefaction and settlement are dominated along the east part and west part of the study area(Amirabad- Babolsar, Talesh, and Astara) with high concentration of sand sediment near the beachand rivers mouth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
209 - Causes of destruction and instability of deep water wells of Kohgilouyeh
KH SHafiei-Motlagh A.R Salemian A.A AfshinToday, the most applied way to access underground in Iran and the world is digging water wells. Inaddition to exploit advantages, pumping wells have always have several problems such as degradationand instability of their structure, reducing the discharge, forming masse MoreToday, the most applied way to access underground in Iran and the world is digging water wells. Inaddition to exploit advantages, pumping wells have always have several problems such as degradationand instability of their structure, reducing the discharge, forming masses of sand clogging and loss ofequipment. According to current statistics, 60% of deep wells drilled in the Kohgiluyeh have a shelf lifeless than 4 years. The high costs of drilling deep wells and geological sensitivity and degradation andsuccessive failure of wells, deep wells need to study about effective life and affective Factors on wellsdestruction and preventive methods and appropriate utilization of wells would be inevitable. A sample of18 wells in the area was used for chemical analysis and preparing and grading tests. Laboratory and fieldstudies and available information, the main causes of destruction and instability of wells in the studiedzone were detected as poor design of wells, thin layers of granulated in saturated layer, use of screenswith inappropriate size and pores and excessive removal and fouling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - Application of fuzzy theory in analysis of slides considering the iandslide of Mohammad Abad- Jiroft
Mehdi Mohammadi Hossein Tavakoli Hamid ShojaeeIn the present paper, fuzzy theory is used for the analysis of landslides and the state of Mohammad Abadlandslide, located in Jiroft- Kerman road, is investigated using this method. Shear strength parameters, unitweight and piezometric level which have uncertainty are s MoreIn the present paper, fuzzy theory is used for the analysis of landslides and the state of Mohammad Abadlandslide, located in Jiroft- Kerman road, is investigated using this method. Shear strength parameters, unitweight and piezometric level which have uncertainty are selected as variables and the statistic distribution ofthese parameters are obtained using best fit software. Also, using the limit equilibrium method, sensivity analysisis done the shear strength parameters with respect to the safety factor. Finally, the parameters are chosen as thefuzzy set and the stability analysis is done based on the limit equilibrium method. Results show that, since thefuzzy set considers a range of safety factors, stability analysis is done with more certainty and also, as the resultsshow, the considered landslide is unstable Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
211 - Investigation of hazard rock fall in Khorramabad- Andimeshk road by WCS method
سیامک Baharvand علی Sahba عبدالرضا Noor-YazdanThe connective ways of khorramabad (lorestan state) with the nearest cities are olways influenced bythe rock fall which is needed the special attention and the hard working of sponsers.In the research we work on the levels of slope stability of Gavzardeh region in 70 km MoreThe connective ways of khorramabad (lorestan state) with the nearest cities are olways influenced bythe rock fall which is needed the special attention and the hard working of sponsers.In the research we work on the levels of slope stability of Gavzardeh region in 70 km of Khoramabadin Lorestan. For measuring of rock masses of this area, we use the WCS methode. We searched 5parametere, such as index of RQD, roughness of discontinuities , filling of discontinuities , spacing ofdiscontinuities and opening of discontinuities which we will explain all of them one by one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
212 - Designing an Integrative Pathological Model and Treatment and Determining Its Effectiveness on Emotional Instability among People with Borderline Personality Traits: A Mixed Study
Zeinab Zakerzadeh Mohsen Golparvar Asghar AghaeiPurpose: Borderline personality characteristics can cause many problems in the life of people with these characteristics. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to design an integrative pathological model and treatment and determining its effectiveness on emotiona MorePurpose: Borderline personality characteristics can cause many problems in the life of people with these characteristics. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to design an integrative pathological model and treatment and determining its effectiveness on emotional instability among borderline individuals. Methodology: The present study is a mixed research (qualitative and quantitative). In the qualitative stage, Clarke & Braun (2006) thematic analysis approach was used. The context of the research in qualitative stage was the texts related to borderline individuals’ injuries, sample size was the 25 reference texts that were selected in a purposeful manner. At this stage, after extracting the spectrum of injuries with the use of specialized panel group, the required treatments for the spectrum of injuries were determined and an integrated treatment package with an agreement coefficient of 0.94 was designed. In the quantitative stage a semi-experimental design with two groups and three stages (pre-test, post-test and follow up) was used. In the quantitative stage, from 70 persons with borderline personality characteristics, 30 persons were selected based on criteria of entry and then randomly assigned in an experimental and a control group (each group with 15 person). The group of integrated oriented therapy received 15 sessions of treatment and the control group did not receive any treatment. Emotional instability scale was used to measure the dependent variable in the pretest, post-test and follow up. Data in qualitative stage were analyzed by thematic analysis and in quantitative stage were analyzed by Chi square test, repeated measure analysis of variance and post hoc Bonferroni test trough SPSS 24 software. Findings: The findings of the qualitative stage for designing integrative therapy package indicated five categories of injuries including emotional and behavioral vulnerability, perceptual and cognitive vulnerability, identity vulnerability, social vulnerability and physical vulnerability for individuals with borderline personality characteristics. In the quantitative stage, the results showed that there isn’t a significant difference between the integrated oriented therapy and control groups in emotional instability in post-test (P=0.205). But in the follow-up phase, it significantly reduced emotional instability (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings and according to the spectrum of five integrated injuries of individuals with borderline personality characteristics, integrated oriented therapy can be considered as a therapeutic approach for emotional instability of borderline individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
213 - Developing a Network Model of Marital Stability Using Literature Review
Afrooz Hosseinpour Majid Barzegar Hossein Baghooli Maryam ZarnaghashPurpose: The aim of the present study was to identify the factors affecting marital stability using literature review. Methodology: The current research is of a qualitative type and it tried to develop a model in the field of marital stability by using literature revie MorePurpose: The aim of the present study was to identify the factors affecting marital stability using literature review. Methodology: The current research is of a qualitative type and it tried to develop a model in the field of marital stability by using literature review. Therefore, the collection of articles published inside and outside the country, which were in the field of marital stability, was examined. A network model was developed and its validation was checked with focus groups using the fuzzy Delphi method. Findings: The analysis of the articles indicated the extraction of 9 main variables of forgiveness, flexibility, emotion regulation, love and affection, communication skills, common goals and meaning, marital commitment, sexual satisfaction and marital intimacy that all of which affected marital stability and overshadowed the desired functioning of the family as a result. Conclusion: Considering that the existence of complex relationships between the variables affecting marital stability in the form of a network model was confirmed by the team of research experts, therefore it is necessary for family therapists, counselors and psychologists active in the field of marriage and family, in the therapeutic interventions they provide to their clients; Pay attention to the communication network presented in this research, because based on it, it is possible to predict the success or failure of an intervention, thus preventing the wastage of consultation and treatment costs for clients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - Investigating the Impact of Natural Resource Rent and Political Stability on the Environmental Degradation Index in Selected Developing Countries Using a Combined Data Approach
Fatemeh Ramezani Somayeh Shokravi Akbar BagheriEnvironmental degradation has become a significant topic in the realm of economic development in recent years. Therefore, the main objective of the present research is to examine the influence of natural resource rent and political stability on the environmental degrada MoreEnvironmental degradation has become a significant topic in the realm of economic development in recent years. Therefore, the main objective of the present research is to examine the influence of natural resource rent and political stability on the environmental degradation index in selected developing countries between the years 2006 and 2020. This study aims to achieve practical objectives and adopts an analytical-inferential approach methodologically. The research methodology is of a correlational nature based on its essence and content. The statistical population includes all developing countries. In this study, a random sampling method is employed to determine the sample size, and it involves a case study spanning the years from 2006 to 2020, with a sample of 20 developing countries. Data collection is facilitated through the utilization of databases. For data analysis and result derivation, Eviews 9 and Excel 2010 software have been utilized. The findings of the current research indicate a significant relationship between the impact of natural resource rent and political stability on the environmental degradation index in the selected developing countries using a combined data approach. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that natural resource rent, energy intensity, and urban population have a positive and meaningful impact on the environmental degradation index in the developing countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - Stability analysis of transverse vibrations of rectangular plates under periodic passage of moving masses
Ehsan Torkan Mostafa Pirmoradian Mohamad HashemianIn this study, stability of transverse vibrations of a simply supported rectangular thin plate under periodic passage of equally-spaced moving masses, by considering all components of the mass inertia in the analysis, is examined. The periodical traverse of masses acros MoreIn this study, stability of transverse vibrations of a simply supported rectangular thin plate under periodic passage of equally-spaced moving masses, by considering all components of the mass inertia in the analysis, is examined. The periodical traverse of masses across the plate results to a linear time-periodic problem. Using Galerkin procedure, the partial differential equation of transverse vibration is transformed to a set of ordinary differential equations. In this study, The Floquet theory is implemented as a numerical method to obtain stable and unstable zones of parameters plane. Applying the strained parameters method as a semi-analytical method, not only certifies the stable and unstable zones resulted by Floquet theory but also clarify the coexistence phenomenon for plate-moving mass system. Numerical simulations of the plate mid-span displacement show the validity of the analytical results obtained by two methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - Using lobe diagrams to optimize spindle velocity and cut width ratio
Mohamad Jafar Ostad Ahmad GhorabiMachine tool chatter causes machining instability, surface roughness, and tool wear in metal cutting processes. A stability lobe diagram based on regenerative chatter theory is an effective tool to predict and control chatter. Stability diagrams can be applied in machin MoreMachine tool chatter causes machining instability, surface roughness, and tool wear in metal cutting processes. A stability lobe diagram based on regenerative chatter theory is an effective tool to predict and control chatter. Stability diagrams can be applied in machining processes to optimize the maximum depth of cut at the highest available spindle speed. These diagrams are formed by a series of intersected scallop-shaped borderlines of stability. The intersections of the lobes denote the deepest stable cuts at various ranges of spindle speed. The creation of a stability lobe diagram requires lengthy procedures and calculations. This paper presents a simple method to analytically calculate the approximate optimum depths of cut and determine the corresponding spindle speeds. This method allows machine operators to practically choose cutting parameters, instructors to effectively teach the regenerative chatter theory, and students to easily create stability lobe diagrams and practice optimizing cutting parameters. The characteristics and limitations of the stability lobe diagram are discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - CNC milling stability prediction method hallways full third order discretization
Salman Paknazar Mohammad Jafar Ostad Ahmad Ghorabi In this article, prediction of lobe stability diagram is presented with the new method of 3th degree of full discretization that is based on direct integral. First, the dynamic model of milling with delay is developed from condition form to integral form. Then e More In this article, prediction of lobe stability diagram is presented with the new method of 3th degree of full discretization that is based on direct integral. First, the dynamic model of milling with delay is developed from condition form to integral form. Then every period is discretized in limited time sections. Full discretization method is used for manual calculation of system integral. In every small time interval, the Lagrange 3th degree multi term is applied to interpolate the condition part. Furthermore the Lagrange linear multi term is also used for interpolation of delay- and period parts. A discrete dynamic design is achieved. Now it is possible to determine the matrix of condition transition in a time interval. Using this matrix by Floquet theory, lets to predict the stability lobe diagram. A basic example provides verifying of this method by comparison with results from literatures. The MATLAB program to calculate the problem is attached. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - Torbat Heydarieh city vulnerability to urban sustainability indicators with emphasis on the role of Dorehne fault
zohreh nagehani mahdi saghafiSustainable urban development is a tool for controlling and directing city development and activities and promoting the city's environmental qualities. The use of sustainable urban development approach provides opportunities for the creation of applied geographic system MoreSustainable urban development is a tool for controlling and directing city development and activities and promoting the city's environmental qualities. The use of sustainable urban development approach provides opportunities for the creation of applied geographic systems through which these systems can integrate natural processes, urban environments and human activities. Reviews of this article Develop the city of Torbat Heydarieh with The emphasis on the intrusion of the fault in relation to the extent of the vulnerability contribution of different indicators in different dimensions of development. The method of this research is descriptive-analytic based on the library collection method and analysis based on the method of weighting and selection of criteria using AHP technique. In this research, 12 criteria for selecting the sustainable urban development index of Torbat-e-Heydarieh with emphasis on the role of Duroneh fault in the dimensions of physical, geomorphologic and environmental aspects were considered. Then, these factors were weighed. The results of the research show that in total With a range of different areas, a significant percentage of the city's various districts and districts are vulnerable, with a view to reducing potential risks, appropriate planning should take place in these neighborhoods Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - Investigating the Effectiveness f Counseling Based on Extramarital Relationships on Marital Instability in Couples with Extramarital Relationships
زکیه نصیری نازنین هنرپروران فاطمه جواد زاده شهشهانی سیامک سامانیAbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of counseling based onextramarital relationships on marital instability in couples with extramarital relationships.The research design was semi-experimental, pre-test-post-test with a control group. Th MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of counseling based onextramarital relationships on marital instability in couples with extramarital relationships.The research design was semi-experimental, pre-test-post-test with a control group. Thestatistical population included all couples with extramarital relationships who referred tocounseling centers in Shiraz in 2021. 32 couples were selected as a sample by purposivesampling and were randomly assigned to an experimental group (16 couples) and a controlgroup (16 couples). The intervention group underwent 60-minute extramarital relationshiptherapy in 11 sessions, once a week but no action was taken on the control group. Theresearch tools of marriage instability were Edward, Johnson and Alan Booth (1987). Dataanalysis was done with descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and univariatecovariance analysis using SPSS version 23 software. It showed that the treatment ofextramarital relationships had an effect on the stability of marriage in unfaithful couples (P< 0.001). According to the results of this research, the treatment of extramaritalrelationships can be used to reduce the problems of couples and increase the stability oftheir lives through increasing the individual's insight into himself and the awareness of whymarital infidelity occurs and escalates. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Identification of Lampyris turkestanicus luciferase Stabilizing Mutations Using Bioinformatics Software and Web Servers and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Alireza Khondabi hassan sahebjamee Fahimeh Baghbani-AraniThe conversion of chemical energy to light by a living organism, bioluminescence, is an alluring process that catalyzes by enzymes generically called luciferases. This enzyme has wide applications as a reporter gene in in vivo imaging. In spite of wide range of lucifera MoreThe conversion of chemical energy to light by a living organism, bioluminescence, is an alluring process that catalyzes by enzymes generically called luciferases. This enzyme has wide applications as a reporter gene in in vivo imaging. In spite of wide range of luciferase applications, some inherent properties limit further application and development of this technology, including the low stability of the enzyme, a low turnover number, and a high Km for the substrate ATP.Due to the low stability of luciferase enzyme, the present study was performed to evaluate the effect of single amino acid mutations on the stability of luciferase enzyme of Iranian species Lamphyris Turkestanius using bioinformatics web servers and molecular dynamics simulation.For this purpose, to determine the stability, the mutations were tested using I-Mutant-2, Pop-music, Cupsat, istable, MUpro and Protparam and foldx web servers under Yasara software. Web servers and foldx predicted that two mutations, Q35L and H9M, would stabilize the structure. The web server Polyphen-2 predicted that these two mutations would not have a damaging effect on enzyme function. To further confirm these two mutations, molecular dynamics simulations were performed. The results of RMSD and RMSF and the radius of gyrus and hydrophobicity also showed that these mutations may cause increase the stability of this enzyme. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - Modeling and Stability Control of Wind Turbines Equipped with Synchronous Generator Using Static Synchronous Compensators
Reza Elmamouz Saeed Barghandan Mohsen Ebadpour -
Open Access Article
222 - Improved Dynamic Response and Speed Control of Electric Drives Using Fuzzy Logic Controllers
Amir Rikhtegar Giasi Elham Balaie Hadi Lotfi -
Open Access Article
223 - Improvement of Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) in Artificial Heart
Majid Neshat Yazdi Reihaneh Kardehi Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
224 - A PSO-Based Static Synchronous Compensator Controller
Meisam Mahdavi Ali Nazari Vahid Hosseinnezhad Amin Safari -
Open Access Article
225 - Mathematical Modeling of Cancer Cells and Chemotherapy Protocol Dealing Optimization Using Fuzzy Differential Equations And Lypunov Stability Criterion
Hadi Abbasnejad -
Open Access Article
226 - FACTS Control Parameters Identification
Ali Ahmadian Masoud Aliakbar Golkar -
Open Access Article
227 - A New Robust Control Design
علی عجمی احد چهاندیده شندی -
Open Access Article
228 - Analysis of Motion of Micro-Gripper Exposed to the Electric Field and Thermal Stresses for Using in Micro-Robotics
shahram abbaspour ghiyam eslami -
Open Access Article
229 - Challenges in high school curriculum development within 1375-1385
ebrahim miyanjiThe present study aims at identifying the challenges in high school curriculum development within 1375-1385 under two major categories: human related variables and non-human variables. The latter include management instability, lack of curriculum exper MoreThe present study aims at identifying the challenges in high school curriculum development within 1375-1385 under two major categories: human related variables and non-human variables. The latter include management instability, lack of curriculum experts, an increasing demand for education, lack of coordination in administration, centralized policy making, lack of continuous evaluation, lack of access to information on the part of planners. The former include inappropriate schedule, ineffective budget planning, and inadequate facilities. Data gathering instrument was a researcher-made instrument. The statistica population included all heads of education department, curriculum developers, university professors who were Ph.D. holders with at least 20 years of experience. A sample of 90 was selected. The reliability of the instrument was determined to be 0.96. Based on the results, it is recommended that strategic management be given attention. Social and economic conditions should also be made more favourable to attract elites. Effective information data bases are also needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - The Impact of Economic Fluctuations on the Political Stability of Iran
khosro Mehralian Beytollah Divsalar Fakhrollah MolaiIn this article, with a sociological approach, the political-security consequences of the security model of the balance of power on creating political instability in the countries of the region at both domestic and foreign levels are examined. Also, the principles of th MoreIn this article, with a sociological approach, the political-security consequences of the security model of the balance of power on creating political instability in the countries of the region at both domestic and foreign levels are examined. Also, the principles of the impact of economic fluctuations on instability and the effects of the intensity and weakness of economic fluctuations should be investigated. The question that arises is to what extent do economic fluctuations affect Iran's political instability? Economic fluctuations seem to affect instability and cause a crisis in Iran. The extent and intensity of economic fluctuations can have different effects on the instability of the country. Of course, external threats and pressure, and internal vulnerabilities are two important factors that were identified in the emergence of political instability in the country. The research is conducted by using analytical method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - Dynamic Risk Analysis of Bank service system, Supply Chain Stability Using social Network analysis(SNA) and System Dynamics(SD)
mitra khoshnevis farshad faezy razi kiamars fathi hafshejaniThe present research has analyzed the dynamic risks of the stability of the supply chain of banking services using social network analysis (SNA) and system dynamics (SD) in order to policy the stability of the supply chain of banking services. According to the results o MoreThe present research has analyzed the dynamic risks of the stability of the supply chain of banking services using social network analysis (SNA) and system dynamics (SD) in order to policy the stability of the supply chain of banking services. According to the results of SNA; Corruption risks of receiving facilities, customer dissatisfaction, shareholder dissatisfaction, bank service costs, the cost of establishing a new bank branch, demand for facilities, payment claims to customers and the bank's supervisory weakness as critical risks and risks of paper waste, urban traffic, cyber security, supervisory weakness and Lack of human resources were identified as the most causal risks . Next, the SD model was designed based on the interactions of critical risks and its effects on the stability of the supply chain of banking services using the data of Iran's Mehr Bank. According to the sensitivity analysis, the sustainability policies of the bank service supply chain, including financial, social and environmental sustainability, were identified and the results were compared and analyzed, finally, the selected combined policies included:1-Managing 5% reduction in bank costs through agility processes and expenditure monitoring; 2-Increasing the efficiency of the validation process by 4 times; 3-Increasing the fee income of banking services by increasing the allocation 3 times to the development of electronic banking infrastructure; 4-Implementation of employee empowerment training programs;5-Proportionalization of the number of employees; 6-Increasing electronic services in order to increase access to the bank; 7-Appropriate location of branches and ATMs; 8-Awareness and promotion of electronic services were provided Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - Designing an Organizational Resilience Model in Government-owned banks
Davood Abolhasani Sirous Tadbiri Maryam MadjidiGovernmental organizations now recognize the importance of organizational flexibility in a crisis. This study aimed to develop an organizational resilience model in state-owned banks, with particular emphasis on the Iran Melli Bank, using an interpretive paradigm and a MoreGovernmental organizations now recognize the importance of organizational flexibility in a crisis. This study aimed to develop an organizational resilience model in state-owned banks, with particular emphasis on the Iran Melli Bank, using an interpretive paradigm and a grounded theory approach. Nineteen experts were interviewed in a targeted manner until theoretical saturation was reached. The data were analyzed via open, axial, and selective coding. Melli Bank's organizational resilience paradigm model includes 128 open codes consisting of the core phenomenon seven codes, causal conditions 54 codes, contextual conditions 27 codes, intervening conditions ten codes, strategies 13 codes, and consequences 17 codes. The core phenomenon was Bank Melli's resilience, including two subcategories: customer-centric performance and positive trait. It was influenced by the causal conditions involving human resources characteristics, financial capability, inter-organizational social capital, technical knowledge capabilities, environmental knowledge, knowledge management, organizational capabilities, inter-organizational capabilities, and contextual conditions such as macro forces, banking factors, and industry factors. The development of resilience was possible through behavioral, economic-financial, and technical mechanisms influenced by the bank manager's intervening conditions and the employees' characteristics. The resilience also had the consequences of good performance with quick response, saving the bank's life, and impacting the community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - A New Fuzzy Stabilizer Based on Online Learning Algorithm for Damping of Low-Frequency Oscillations
Ali Ghasemi Mohammad Javad Golkar Mohammad Eslami -
Open Access Article
234 - Design of H� Congestion Controller for TCP Networks Based on LMI Formulation
Ahmad Fakharian Amir Abbasi -
Open Access Article
235 - Innovative Instruments and Legal Mechanisms of Bank Capitalization: National Features and World Trends
Viktoriia Vovk Yuliia Zhezherun Liudmyla Gudz Oleksandr Perederii -
Open Access Article
236 - Numerical Investigation of the Limit Equilibrium Method in Tunnel Stability Using Finite Element (FEM)
Semko Arefpanah Alireza Sharafi -
Open Access Article
237 - Evaluation of Effective Parameters on the Underground Tunnel Stability Using BEM
M Panji J Asgari Marnani Sh Tavousi Tafreshi -
Open Access Article
238 - Studying the Effect of Horizontal Drains on Stability of Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Earth Dams during Rapid Drawdown Condition
Alireza Hajiani Boushehrian Azadeh Rezaee Arash Vafamand -
Open Access Article
239 - Causal modeling of relationship between fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism with Students' academic self-handicapping
Raziah Abdali Saeed MoshtaghiThe aim of this study was to explain the causal relationship between fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism and academic self-handicapping. This was a correlational study. For this purpose, 331 students of Andimeshk Islamic Azad MoreThe aim of this study was to explain the causal relationship between fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism and academic self-handicapping. This was a correlational study. For this purpose, 331 students of Andimeshk Islamic Azad University were selected by stratified random sampling method. The participants completed the Self-Handicapping Scale (Jones & Rvdvlt, 1982), Positive Perfectionism Questionnaire (Terry-Short et al, 1995), brief form of the Fear of Negative Evaluation (Leary, 1989) and Self-Esteem Instability (Howard, 2017). The model was evaluated using path analysis and with the help of Amos software. The results indicated that the proposed model had acceptable fit with regard to the indices obtained. In this model, the fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism have a significant direct effect on academic self-handicapping. In addition, the indirect effect of fear of negative evaluation and self-esteem instability on academic self-handicapping through the positive perfectionism was also significant (p < 0.05). Based on the above results, encouraging and orienting the goal of positive perfectionism in students can reduce the incidence of academic procrastination in them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
240 - The Relationship between Controlling Behaviors and Marital Instability in Female Teachers’ of Kerman Schools
Ali Pourrajab Mitra KamyabiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between controlling behaviors and marital instability. The research was a descriptive Correlational study. The statistical population of the study included all female teachers in the 2nd district of Kerman ci MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between controlling behaviors and marital instability. The research was a descriptive Correlational study. The statistical population of the study included all female teachers in the 2nd district of Kerman city. From them, 60 people were selected randomly according to the Cochran formula. Participants responded to Graham, Kuam and Archers’ Controlling Behaviors (2005) and Johnson & Booths’ (1980) Marital Instability Questionnaires. For data analysis, multivariate regression and Pearson correlation tests were used. Findings showed that all dimensions of controlling behavior (economic control, threatening control, control through scaring, emotional control, control through isolation and control through children) are related to marital instability. The The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between controlling behaviors and marital instability. The research was a descriptive Correlational study. The statistical population of the study included all female teachers in the 2nd district of Kerman city. From them, 60 people were selected randomly according to the Cochran formula. Participants responded to Graham, Kuam and Archers’ Controlling Behaviors (2005) and Johnson & Booths’ (1980) Marital Instability Questionnaires. For data analysis, multivariate regression and Pearson correlation tests were used. Findings showed that all dimensions of controlling behavior (economic control, threatening control, control through scaring, emotional control, control through isolation and control through children) are related to marital instability. most important predictors are emotional control, control through isolation, control through scaring, child control, threatening control and economic respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - Grain Yield Adaptability and Stability of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Genotypes Using Different Stability Indices
Maryam Etaati Mohammad Reza Ardakani Mahmoud Bagheri Farzad Paknejad Farid GolzardiQuinoa is known as a suitable plant in adverse environmental conditions due to its desirable nutritional value and high production potential such a country like Iran, which has a climate diversity, it will create food security, increase farmers'''' incomes and sustainab MoreQuinoa is known as a suitable plant in adverse environmental conditions due to its desirable nutritional value and high production potential such a country like Iran, which has a climate diversity, it will create food security, increase farmers'''' incomes and sustainable production. To study the genotype and environment interaction and determine the stability and adaptability of grain yield of quinoa genotypes in different regions of Iran, ten genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications in four regions of Karaj, Shahrekord, Urmia, and Kashmar during 2017-2018 cropping season. The studied genotypes included Titicaca, Red Carina, Giza1, Q12, Q18, Q21, Q22, Q26, Q29, and Q31. The results of the combined analysis of variance showed that the effect of environment and the genotype and environment interaction on the grain yield were significant (p≤0.01). The highest grain yield in Karaj and Shahrekord (717 and 2196 kg.ha-1, respectively) was obtained by the Q26 genotype and in Urmia and Kashmar (1614 and 829 kg.ha-1, respectively) by the Q18 and Titicaca genotypes, respectively. According to the results of stability and compatibility analysis with different methods and indices (parametric and non-parametric), the Red Carina genotype was identified as a genotype with suitable and stable yield and compatible with the study areas, with 996 kg.ha-1 grain yield higher than the average yield of all genotypes (939 kg.ha-1), the highest rank of simultaneous selection index for yield and stability, the lowest mean rank (1.56), and the minimum standard deviation of rank (SD = 1.03). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - Evaluation of Yield Stability Promising Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa)
M. Nomani V. Rashidi Sh. Abdollahi H. Rahim-e-SoroushDetermining new and higher and stable yielding varieties is one of the most important objectives of rice breeding. To achieve this goal, ten promising lines of rice along with two improved cultivars (Hashemi and Kadous) were compared at National Rice Research Institute MoreDetermining new and higher and stable yielding varieties is one of the most important objectives of rice breeding. To achieve this goal, ten promising lines of rice along with two improved cultivars (Hashemi and Kadous) were compared at National Rice Research Institute in Rasht, Iran, for three years (2006, 2007 and 2008). The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with four replications in these three years. The combined analysis of variance indicated significant difference among genotypes, for the traits studied. This indicates genetic variation among genotypes understudy. The interaction of genotype × year for yield was significant which demonstrate different responses of genotypes during different years. Different stability analysis methods were used to determine the higher and stable yielding variety like: environmental variance, coefficient of variability, coefficient of regression proposed by Finaly and Wilkinson, Deviation from regression by Eberhart and Russel, Shukla's stability variance, Wricke's equivalence, coefficient of determination of Pintus and non-parametric method of rank. By using these analyses it was found that Hashemi was a stable yielding variety. It was also revealed that line No. 9 (IR78530-45-3-1-3), line No. 6 (IR76993-49-1-1) and 8 (IR78533-30-2-1) were found as stable producer lines. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Promising Potato Clones and Commercial Cultivars Using the GGE Bi-plot and AMMI Models
داود HassanPanah H. Hassan AbadiTo evaluate quantitative and qualitative characteristics and stability of marketable tuber yield of 13 promising potato clones, along with three commercial cultivars (Agria, Marfona and Lady Rosetta) as checks, an experiment was based on a randomized complete block desi MoreTo evaluate quantitative and qualitative characteristics and stability of marketable tuber yield of 13 promising potato clones, along with three commercial cultivars (Agria, Marfona and Lady Rosetta) as checks, an experiment was based on a randomized complete block design with four replications was carried out at the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil during 2011 and 2012. During the growing period and after harvest, attributes like number of main stem per plant, plant height, tuber number and weight per plant, total and marketable tuber yield, dry matter percentage, baking type, hollow heart, tuber inner ring and discoloration of raw tuber flesh after 24 hours were measured. Combined ANONA for quantitative traits showed that there were significant differences among promising clones as to total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height, mean tuber weight, number of main stem per plant and dry matter percentage and their interactions with year in total and marketable tuber yield and tuber number and weight per plant. The clones 396151-7, 397008-5, 397015-8, 397008-2 and 994001-4 were found to have higher total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant and mean tuber weight. These clones produced high and mid-uniform tuber, yellow skin color, yellow and white flesh color, oval round and round tuber shape, mid and shallow eyes, with no hollow heart, tuber inner crack and tuber inner ring, mid-late maturity and mid and high dry matter percentage as compared with control and other clones. In this experiment, GGE Bi-plot and AMMI models were found to be proper methods for selection of 397008-2, 397008-5 and 994001-4 as being high marketable and stable yielding clones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - Evaluation of Quantitative, Qualitative and Tuber Yield Stability of 18 Promising Potato Clones in Ardabil Province
D. Hassanpanah H. HassanabadiEighteen promising clones of potato along with four commercial cultivars (Savalan, Agria, Marfona and Lady-Rozeta) in randomized complete block design with three replications were evaluated at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil during 2010 an MoreEighteen promising clones of potato along with four commercial cultivars (Savalan, Agria, Marfona and Lady-Rozeta) in randomized complete block design with three replications were evaluated at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil during 2010 and 2011. Prior to and after harvest, traits like main stem number per plant, plant height, tuber number and weight per plant, total and marketable tuber yield, dry matter percentage, baking type, hollow heart, tuber inner ring and discoloration of raw tuber flesh after 24 hours were measured. Combined ANONA for quantitative traits showed that there were significant differences among promising clones and their interactions with year as to total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height, tuber average size, main stem number per plant and dry matter percentage. The results also showed the clones 397003-7, 396151-27, 397045-100 and Savalan (check) produced higher total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber size average and stable tuber yield. These clones produced high and mid-uniform tuber, yellow skin and flesh color, oval round, shallow eyes, very little hollow heart, tuber inner crack and tuber inner ring, mid-late maturity and mid and high dry in comparison to those of check. Based on results of this experiment, the clones 397003-7, 396151-27 and 397045-100 could be selected for Ardebil region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
245 - Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO) on Improving Morpho-physiological, Yield and Its Components of Soybean (Glycine max L.) var. Williams under Salinity Stress
Seyed Fazel Fazeli Kakhki Morteza GoldaniTo evaluate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) on morphological, physiological and seed yield of soybean and its components under saline conditions, an experiment a factorial experiment base on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted MoreTo evaluate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) on morphological, physiological and seed yield of soybean and its components under saline conditions, an experiment a factorial experiment base on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted at the research greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran in 2017. The first factor consisted of four levels of salinity (0, 4, 6.5 and 9 dS.m-1), and the second factor of three concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) (0, 200 and 400 ppm). The results showed that foliar spraying 200 ppm nano-ZnO resulted in higher plant height, number of leaves and dry shoot weight than other nano-ZnO levels (zero and 400 ppm) in 6.5 and 9 dS.m-1 salinity. The highest stomatal conductance (11.2 μMH2O.m-2.S-1), relative water content (83.6%) and membrane stability index (80.7%) were obtained from application 200 ppm nano-ZnO at salinity level of 4 dS.m-1. Maximum number of seeds per plant (11.4) and seed weight per plant (2.24 g) were also recorded from 200 ppm nano-ZnO under salinity of 4 dS.m-1. At all levels of salinity stress, when enhancing concentration from zero to 200 ppm the amount of all studied traits were increased and with increased concentration of nano-ZnO from 200 to 400 ppm, all experimental traits were decreased due to toxicity effect induction of nano-ZnO on plant. In general, the results showed that sprying plant with 200 ppm zinc oxide nanoparticles improved soybean growth at 6.5 and 9 dS.m-1salinity stresses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
246 - Investigation of Grain Yield Stability of Promising Mungbean (Vigna radiata Wilczek var. radiata) Lines
Reza Sekhavat Faramarz Sayyedi Majid RakhshanderooAccurate study on the nature of genotype by environment interaction enables the identification of stable and adaptable genotypes for breeders and it has always been an important issue to address by breeders for the production and release of new sustainable and high-yiel MoreAccurate study on the nature of genotype by environment interaction enables the identification of stable and adaptable genotypes for breeders and it has always been an important issue to address by breeders for the production and release of new sustainable and high-yielding varieties in breeding projects. To study the stability of yield and yield components of seven promising lines of mungbean as well as the check (Parto), three experiments were conducted in an RCBD with three replications in three regions of the country, i. e. Khuzestan (Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Safi Abad, Dezful), Golestan (Agricultural Experiment Station of Gonbad) and Fars (Agricultural Research Station of Zarghan) in 2014-2015 for two years. Each plot consisted of four four-meter-long rows. The traits studied were: the number of branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, plant length, and seed yield. A combined analysis of variance was performed. Because of the significant genotype by environment interaction and, as a result, the different responses of genotypes to various environments, stability indices were calculated to determine the stability of genotypes. To do this, Romer's environment variance, Francis and Kannenberg's environmental CV, and the regression coefficient of Finley and Wilkinson were determined. AMMI analysis was also performed. Based on Francis and Kannenberg's environmental CV and coefficient of Finley and Wilkinson genotypes VC6368 (46-40-4) and VC6371-94, and VC6469 and VC3960 were stable, respectively. Based on the CV of intra-location, VC3960-88 and VC6368 (46-40-4) were stable. According to stability analysis results and considering seed yield, seed weight and other suitable characters, genotypes VC6371, VC6368 (46-40-4) and VC3960-88 were selected for further studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
247 - Effect of Seed Priming on some Morphophysiological Characteristics, Yield and Seed Protein Content in Three Dryland Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars
Kianoush Safari Yousef Sohrabi Adel Siosemardeh Shahryar SasaniTo investigate the effect of seed priming treatments on seed yield and it’s components in three bread wheat cultivars (Rijaw, Sardari and Karim) was studied under dryland condition at the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Kermansh MoreTo investigate the effect of seed priming treatments on seed yield and it’s components in three bread wheat cultivars (Rijaw, Sardari and Karim) was studied under dryland condition at the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Kermanshah during 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing season. The priming treatments consisted of gibberellic acid with 100 mg.L-1, 24-epiprasinolide 1 mg L-1, potassium chloride with 100 mmol L-1 and polyethylene glycol (PEG4000) with -2.3 and -2.9 bar, zinc sulfate 0.1 and 0.3%, 2 and 4 g urea L-1, ascorbic acid 100 mg L-1, hydropriming with distilled water and control (without seed priming). The highest percentage of crop ground cover was obtained with 39.9% of Sardari cultivar and 4 g urea L-1. The highest relative mean water content and flag leaf membrane stability index with 88.1 and 71.6% were related to Karim cultivar with 0.3% hydrated zinc sulfate treatment, respectively. The lowest mean rate of flag leaf water loss (30.6%) was obtained from Karim cultivar with zinc sulfate treatment of 0.3%. Two-year results showed that the highest mean seed yield (2801.4 kg.ha-1) belonged to Rijaw cultivar by seed priming treatment with 4 g.L-1 urea. The highest percentages of seed protein content by NIR method of Karim cultivar and treatments of urea with a concentration of 4 g.L-1 (12.32%), ascorbic acid (12.31%) and gibberellic acid (12.18%) with 100 mg.L-1 were obtained. In this study, based on the total measured traits of morphophysiological, yield and grain quality traits, nutient treatments of urea with a concentration of 4 g L-1, zinc sulfate with a concentration of 0.3% and ascorbic acid with a concentration of 100 mg.L-1 and potassium chloride 100 mmol L-1 were identified and recommended as appropriate and superior seed priming treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
248 - Effect of Water Deficit Stress and Seed Biopriming on the Physiological Indices and Antioxidant Activity of Tansey (Tanacetum persicum (Boiss.) Mozaff)
Fatemeh Bahmeh Abdolrazagh Danesh-Shahraki Zahra Lorigooini Mahdi GhobadiniaGrowing medicinal plants is important for utilizing their drug precursors, and preserving the genetic resources and diversity in the ecosystem. Tansyis one of the medicinal plants with its valuable therapeutic and antioxidant properties. To investigate the effect of pla MoreGrowing medicinal plants is important for utilizing their drug precursors, and preserving the genetic resources and diversity in the ecosystem. Tansyis one of the medicinal plants with its valuable therapeutic and antioxidant properties. To investigate the effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on the physiological indices and antioxidant activity of tansyunder water deficit stress, a factorial pot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design at the Experimental Farm of Shahrekord University in 2016. The factors consisted at water deficit at three levels: full irrigation (control), 75% full irrigation and 50% full irrigation; and seed biopriming treatments at seven levels: non-bacterial inoculation (control), Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus sp. strain A., Bacillus sp. strain B., Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida. The results showed that bacterial inoculation treatments had a significant effect on all of the analyzed traits (p≤0.01). Azotobacter chroococcum inoculation had the most significant effect on chlorophyll a and carotenoids contents, biological yield, essential oil yield, and anthocyanin contents (0.020 µmol.ml-1). Bacillus sp. strain A showed a 2.5-fold increase in proline content compared to that of control, and Bacillus sp. strain B had the greatest effect on antioxidant activity (IC50 5.32 μg.ml-1). Moreover, Pseudomonas fluorescence increased the carotenoids content in 50% full irrigation treatment, and Pseudomonas putida had the highest effect on chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents, membrane stability, and leaf relative water content. The results revealed that the inoculation of Tansyseeds with Azotobacter and Pseudomonas bacteria, especially in deficit irrigation practices, is recommended to alleviate the adverse effects of water stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
249 - Efficiency of GGE Biplot and AMMI Analyses for Adaptability and Grain Yield Stability of Durum Wheat Lines under Different Environments
Behzad Sadeghzadeh Reza Mohammadi Hasan Ahmadi Gholamreza Abedi-asl Gholamreza Khalilzadeh Mahnaz Mohammadfam Nozar Bahrami Hasan Ismaeilzad Mohammad-Sharif Khaledian Maghsoud Hasanpour-hosniGenotype × environment interactions make it difficult to release high yielding durum varieties for diverse environmental conditions. The main purpose of this study was to achieve high yielding durum wheat genotypes with higher yield stability in different environm MoreGenotype × environment interactions make it difficult to release high yielding durum varieties for diverse environmental conditions. The main purpose of this study was to achieve high yielding durum wheat genotypes with higher yield stability in different environmental conditions, tolerance to environmental stresses such as cold damage, terminal drought, and heat stresses. Hence, 16 durum wheat lines were evaluated for grain yield stability and morphological traits in Maragheh, Sararood, Qamloo, Ardabil and Urmia Agricultural Research Stations in 2012-15. In each location, the experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Based on combined ANOVA, there were significant differences among the environments (E), genotypes (G) and G×E. GGE-biplot analysis showed that the 14 environments belonged to 3 mega-environments, and different genotypes had higher yield in each mega-environments. The AMMI and GGE results also confirmed that genotypes 2 (G-1252) and 3 (61-130/414-44//…) were the most high-yielding durum lines with reasonable yield stability across environments. Also, genotype 10 was the most adapted genotype to Ardabil. Line 61-130/414-44//… had 60, 11, 31, 10 and 17% more yield than check line (Saji) in Maragheh, Sararood, Qamloo, Ardabil and Urmia under rainfed conditions, respectively. Hence, these lines can be candiates to release as new durum varieties for cold and moderate rainfed areas. Complementary irrigation could increase grain yield up to 14 and 68% in Maragheh and Sararood, respectively. It can be concluded that finding new stable high-yielding durum lines, with better performances, as compared to the existed varieties, is a great progress in durum breeding programs in cold rainfed areas. Moreover, the GGE biplot and AMMI analysis had good performance in adaptability and yield stability analysis in durum genotypes and could be used to evaluate durum genotypes at different locations over the years in durum breeding programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
250 - Srain Yield Stability of some Bread Wheat Cultivars Introduced in Moderate and Cold Area of Iran
Alireza TarinejadDue to genotype×environmental interaction, seed yields of genotypes are usually evaluated in broad range of environmental conditions to obtain efficient information concering cultivar selection and introduction. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted based MoreDue to genotype×environmental interaction, seed yields of genotypes are usually evaluated in broad range of environmental conditions to obtain efficient information concering cultivar selection and introduction. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted based on RCBD with three replications, using 20 bread wheat cultivars to study seed yield stability of cultivars introduced during the past several years to cold, and moderate areas of Iran. This experiment was carried out at the Agriculture Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch during 2009-2012, for 4 years. Because of significant genotype×environmental interaction, stability analysis was performed by all possible methods to obtain stable and high potential cultivars. The result of stability analysis showed non parametric, AMMI, GGE biplot and simultaneous selection stability methods introduce lower, high, and higher yielding cultivars to be stable. On basis of all stability methods, Bahar (spring type introduced in 2008), Mahdavi (facultative type released in 1995), and Azadi cultivar (winter type introduced in 1989) respectively with 7.27, 7.13 and 6.88 (t/ha grain yield) were stable and were highly potential cultivars among other cultivars. These cultivars could be introduced to researchers as stable cultivars to be used as parental ones in breeding programs for production of highly stable and seed yielding lines. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - Factor Analysis, AMMI Stability Value (ASV) Parameter and GGE Bi-Plot Graphical Method of Quantitative and Qualitative Traits in Potato Genotypes
Davood Hassanpanah Hassan Hassanabadi Amiraslan Hosseinzadeh Bita Soheili Raouf MohammadiQuantitative and qualitative traits and stability of marketable tuber yield of 14 promising potato clones, along with three commercial cultivars (Agria, Marfona and Savalan) as checks, were evaluated at the Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station dur MoreQuantitative and qualitative traits and stability of marketable tuber yield of 14 promising potato clones, along with three commercial cultivars (Agria, Marfona and Savalan) as checks, were evaluated at the Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station during 2013 and 2014. The experiment was based on a randomized complete block design with four replications. During growing period and after harvest, traits like main stem number per plant, plant height, tuber number and weight per plant, total and marketable tuber yield, dry matter percentage, baking type, hollow heart, tuber inner ring and discoloration of raw tuber flesh after 24 hours were measured. Combined ANONA for quantitative traits showed that there were significant differences among promising clones as to total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height, tuber mean weight, main stem number per plant and dry matter percentage and their interactions with year in total and marketable tuber yield. The clone 9 (397078-3) with the least amount of marketable tuber yield had significant difference with clones 4 (397045-13), 1 (397031-16), 3 (397031-11), 6 (397009-8) and 12 (397067-6) in 2013 and with clone 4 (397045-13) and Agria cultivar in 2014. The clones 4(397045-13), 1 (397031-16) and 12 (397067-6) had uniform tuber, yellow to dark-yellow skin and light-yellow to yellow flesh color, tuber shape of oval round and round, shallow to mid shallow eyes, no tuber inner ring, hollow heart and tuber inner crack and mid-late maturity. They were selected for home consumption of chips, french-fries and frying. Based on the results of factor analysis, "tuber yield", "number of tuber" and "plant structural and quality "were named as first, second and third quality determining factors respectively. In this experiment, GGE Bi-plot model and AMMI Stability Value (ASV) parameter, were acceptable methods for the selection of marketable tuber yield stability which found to be simultaneously could introduce clones 1 (397031-16), 3 (397031-11), 4 (397045-13) and 12 (397067-6) to be selected as stable clones with high marketable tuber yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - Investigating the rate of urban viability at Gated comminutes:The metropolitan city of Tabriz
Ali AzarExclusive residential complexes are complexes that are separated from other areas through physical factors such as walls. The exclusive neighborhoods are divided into three sections including lifestyle, social status and the safe neighborhoods. According to a variety of MoreExclusive residential complexes are complexes that are separated from other areas through physical factors such as walls. The exclusive neighborhoods are divided into three sections including lifestyle, social status and the safe neighborhoods. According to a variety of environmental, economical and social problems of the horizontal and sporadic development of cities and also the need to provide housing, especially in big cities, planning and designing the residential complexes in order to answer the needs of citizens seems absolutely necessary. Reviewing and explaining the concept of vitality in exclusive residential complexes and identifying its main factors are the main goals of this research. This is an applied- developmental research and the method is a descriptive- analytical one. The main dimensions of vitality are physical, social, economical and environmental factors. The results showed that based on the specified criteria and in accordance with the combined index, the vitality in exclusive complex, with an average of 3.25 is relatively favorable. The research results also refer to the impact of exclusive residential complexes in increasing the social stability and improving the social sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
253 - Analysis of the stability and vitality of Tabriz with an emphasis on safety sociological perspective.
Mohammadreza Pourmohammadi Mirsattar Sadrmousavi Ali AzarNowadays, more than 50 percent of world population lives in cities. High population density in urbane centers increases the urbane crimes and decreases the safety in urbane communities. Residents close the residential spaces illegally which made these spaces impervious MoreNowadays, more than 50 percent of world population lives in cities. High population density in urbane centers increases the urbane crimes and decreases the safety in urbane communities. Residents close the residential spaces illegally which made these spaces impervious and reduce their vitality. The position of urbane playing in social security of citizens, identification of closed spaces in east of Tabriz, neighborhood stability testing, residents’ belonging, and presenting guidelines to increase stability of Tabriz neighborhoods are some of the purposes of this study. The research method is descriptive and analytical, and questionnaire, field, and document studies have been used. According to data 52% of respondents considered to creating more security and privacy, 28% to the prevention of passing vehicles, and 20% to other reasons for privatizing of residential areas. One of the important criterions of social sustainability in urban neighborhoods and securing different areas of them is social participation and social interaction of actors. In areas where social participation is high, town security and urban crime rates are low. There is a correlation between residents’ participation and security (87%), also there is a positive correlation between income and vitality (7%). According to these data, belonging to the environment, long time residency, and high income are the main reasons of social stability. Also the main reason of the respondents’ residency in these areas is the high environment security of these areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - The Relationship between Economic Instability with Economic and Social Development in Iran
Mohammad Reza Nahidi AmirkhizLooking at the state of the economy after the Islamic Revolution, especially in recent decades, the relative balance of our economy has become an important issue. Sudden changes in important indices such as inflation, exchange rates, exports and imports and unemployment MoreLooking at the state of the economy after the Islamic Revolution, especially in recent decades, the relative balance of our economy has become an important issue. Sudden changes in important indices such as inflation, exchange rates, exports and imports and unemployment are the proof of this claim and indicate the lack of integrated and consistent economic policies. These factors are among the factors that governments seek to control them to achieve three targets of allocation, distribution and economic stability. In macroeconomic literature, these phenomena are regarded as indicators of economic instability which has impact on economic growth and development. In this paper, the effect of instability parameters on Iran's economic and social development has been studied during the period 1979-2013 using time series data and Vector Auto Regression Model (VAR). The results confirmed the affectability of the economic development from above factors and make clear the attention to these factors in relation to trade policy and economic saga. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - Study of the Impact of Banking System on Iran's Economic Stability
Mohammad Reza Tavangar ahmad azin Masoud Jafari NejadThis article, while analyzing economic stability and its indices, explains the variables and components influenced by the policies and functions of the banking system as the most important of the political-economic system that influences the economic stability of the IR MoreThis article, while analyzing economic stability and its indices, explains the variables and components influenced by the policies and functions of the banking system as the most important of the political-economic system that influences the economic stability of the IR.I. This influences are due to the widespread communication at the community, the impact on cash flow, capital in the society; the possibility of corruption, rents, bribery, embezzlement, money laundering, financing of terrorism; payment of bank facilities and provision of production capital and trade, transfer the funds of trading transactions, managing and directing resources allocation in the form of various contracts, direct and indirect effects on the exchange rate, interest, inflation and etc, play a role in stabilizing or stimulating economic instability. In this research, while confirming that, there is a direct and cross-correlation relationship between the implementation of financial-economic policies of the banking system and the economic stability of the IR.I, the results investigated by using integrated methods by qualitative content analysis method to identify and select the variables of economic stability, and the impact and effect of the banking system in order to improve quantitative methods and then use the Delphi technique and group consensus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - Investigating the effects of monetary policy on financial stability in 9 emerging economies of Asia
Alla Asgharzadeh Farhad Rahbar Mir-Hossein MousaviIn recent decades, the emergence and spread of financial crises on the economies of many countries has shown its direct and indirect effects. Therefore, in order to deal with this crisis, it is necessary to adopt a systematic policy in all countries that have been direc MoreIn recent decades, the emergence and spread of financial crises on the economies of many countries has shown its direct and indirect effects. Therefore, in order to deal with this crisis, it is necessary to adopt a systematic policy in all countries that have been directly or indirectly affected. Although these countries need to make financial adjustments to overcome the crisis, the severity of these adjustments depends on the specific economic conditions of the countries. In monetary policy, the central bank and financial systems play an important role in economic development. One example is the allocation of resources over time between different investments. The correct view of the financial system allows the economy to achieve a high level of growth, provided that other macroeconomic conditions are stable. This study, in the form of method innovation, has proposed an alternative method for measuring financial instability, which is based on factor analysis of various indicators.Accordingly,using statistical methods and econometric models, including the "dynamic panel model", the relationship between monetary policy and the index of financial instability in some emerging Asian countries during the period 2018-2007 has been evaluated. The results of this evaluation and pattern fit show a negative relationship between central bank monetary policy and financial instability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
257 - The Impact of Political Violence and Terror on Political Changes in the Pahlavi Period
ali fallahi saifoddin ali fallahnejhadHistorical changes are shaped by peaceful and violent events such as reform, revolution, social movements, coups, and Rebellion. Terror is a method of violent change that, depending on the strength and stability of political structures, has different effects on the cour MoreHistorical changes are shaped by peaceful and violent events such as reform, revolution, social movements, coups, and Rebellion. Terror is a method of violent change that, depending on the strength and stability of political structures, has different effects on the course of change.Political violence is both the cause and effect of the obstruction or lack of publicly accepted and institutionalized political structures within societies. In the absence of mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes within societies, Disagreements lead to conflict and are resolved outside the consensus framework by violent meansPolitical violence in Iran, despite its long history, has emerged in new forms since the constitutional movement, influenced by domestic and foreign historical developments, and has become one of the most common methods of political action by expelled or out-of-power groups.The ideological roots of groups prone to violence, especially misinterpretations of Islam and the belief in the effectiveness of armed struggle, along with the political and structural obstruction of peaceful participation in contemporary Iran, have made violence a seemingly effective tool for advancing their political goals.The main issue of this study is to examine the impact of the use of violence as a method of political action on the course of historical changes in Iran in the second Pahlavi periodTherefore, in this article, relying on analytical-descriptive method, the process of formation of political violence and the use of terror in contemporary Iran and its impact on the changes of the second Pahlavi period has been studied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - Building of a Secure Society as a Stability Strategy for the Relation of Iran and Persian Gulf Nations
Armin Amini Zahra MahmoudiThe main question in this article is whether there is any possibility of building a secure society in the relation of Iran and that of nations in the Persian Gulf region? The secondary question addressed in this article is what type of secure society (tightly or loosely MoreThe main question in this article is whether there is any possibility of building a secure society in the relation of Iran and that of nations in the Persian Gulf region? The secondary question addressed in this article is what type of secure society (tightly or loosely coupled) would lead to a secure society and what are the nature and impact of three phases of developments: nascent ,ascent and mature on the emergence of a secure society in the region? Hypothesis presented in this research is that with the realization of active and potential elements as an opportunity in the creation of possibility of fostering good relations among Persian Gulf nations and also a shared understanding of threats faced these nations of the region then a serious effort for building intra trust and elimination of the grounds of conflict will emerge which could lead to the materialization of a secure society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - Feasibility Study of Criminalization in the Family Law
Khadijeh Sadeghi Movahed Seyyed Mohammad Sadri Ahmad Bagheri Heidar AmirpourSince the family and the stability of its foundation, for providing the proper and required functions, has particular importance, and on the other hand, there is the possibility of collapse and destabilize due to various behaviors and factors,criminalization of behavior MoreSince the family and the stability of its foundation, for providing the proper and required functions, has particular importance, and on the other hand, there is the possibility of collapse and destabilize due to various behaviors and factors,criminalization of behaviors against family in the Imāmie jurisprudence and law is taken into consideration. Meanwhile jurisprudential rulings include avoiding criminalization of the most family violations. In contrast, a group of lawyers and sages believe that the criminalization in this field is against to the nature of the family and its requirements, referring to the family privacy and the separation of morality from the law. According to the findings of this study, Islam also does not endorse criminalization in the family except in sexual relations, and has emphasized on solving the family problems through other ways, like establishing a family court, reconciliation, and so forth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - Study the effect of nitrite substitution by using black cumin (Nigella sativa) oil on oxidative stability, microbial and sensory properties of cocktail sausage
Mohammadreza Khani Amin Abolhasanzadeh Maryam FahimdaneshOne of the major concerns in modern societies is applying the chemical additives in food products and the risk of catching some types of diseases such as cancer. The aim of this research was investigating the possibility of nitrite substitution in cocktail sausage formu MoreOne of the major concerns in modern societies is applying the chemical additives in food products and the risk of catching some types of diseases such as cancer. The aim of this research was investigating the possibility of nitrite substitution in cocktail sausage formulation by using black cumin oil. For this purpose different levels of nitrate in 0, 30, 60 and 90 ppm was replaced with black cumin oil at concentrations of 2 and 3 percent and its effects were evaluated on oxidative stability (peroxide and thiobarbituric acid indices), microbial properties (total bacterial count and yeasts and molds count), and sensory characteristics during one month of storage at 4 °C at 1, 11, 21, and 31 days. The results showed that replacement of nitrite with black cumin oil in two used concentrations led to a reduction of the peroxide and TBA values in nitrite reduced sausages compared to control (P<0.05). Also, microbial load decreased by increasing the concentration of black cumin oil from 2 to 3 percent in equal concentrations of nitrite. Treatments containing 2 and 3% of black cumin oil with 90 ppm and 60 ppm nitrites had mainly similar total bacterial counts and yeasts and molds counts compared to the control during the storage period (P<0.05). Sensory evaluation results indicated that reduction of nitrite and its substitution with black cumin oil led to significant decrease of color and flavor scores, but had no negative effect on texture and odor properties of sausage samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - Thermal stability optimization of the Soybean oil affected by thymus daenensis Celak essential oil by use of response surface methodology
M. Eghbalian Rad A. A. Sari A. Daraei GarmakhanyOxidative stability of oils and fats was affected by various factors such as oxygen, light, heat, metal ions and enzymes. The use of synthetic antioxidant for preventing oxidative deterioration, despite having high performance, due to the possibility of toxicity and car MoreOxidative stability of oils and fats was affected by various factors such as oxygen, light, heat, metal ions and enzymes. The use of synthetic antioxidant for preventing oxidative deterioration, despite having high performance, due to the possibility of toxicity and carcinogenicity, has been under question. The aim of this study was to optimize the thermal stability of soybean oil by the addition ofThymus daenensis Celakessential oil. In this study soybean oil was treated under various conditions of frying temperature (150, 170 and 190 °C), frying time (0, 6 and 12 h) and Thymus daenensis Celak essential oil concentrations (0, 400 and 800 ppm) and different quality attributes of samples such as the acid value, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid, polar compounds, and conjugated diene value were studied. Results showed that Thymus essential oil due to containing different phenolic compounds increased the thermal stability of soybean oil significantly (p<0.05). The results of the acidic value, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid, and polar compounds in fried oil samples for 12 hours at 190 °C showed that the addition of essential oil of thyme oil keeps the quality of fried oil after 12 hours frying at 190 °C. This study shows that essential oils can be a good alternative for synthetic antioxidants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - Oxidative stability of rice bran, corn, canola, sunflower and soybean oils d baking process and storage of bread
Najmeh Jahani Jamshid FarmaniOxidation of bread lipids during baking and storage reduces the nutritional value of the product and leads to the formation of off-flavors and off-odors. In this research, oxidative stability of rice bran, corn, canola, sunflower and soybean oils during Brotchen bread b MoreOxidation of bread lipids during baking and storage reduces the nutritional value of the product and leads to the formation of off-flavors and off-odors. In this research, oxidative stability of rice bran, corn, canola, sunflower and soybean oils during Brotchen bread baking process and storage was evaluated. Baking process caused a significant increase in oxidative indices such as peroxide, anisidine, Totox and thiobarbitoric acid values and free fatty acid content. However, storage of breads for 6 days in room temperature did not affect the value of the indices. Generaly, the value of the indices in bread containing rice bran oil was lower than those of the other breads, which indicated the higher oxidative stability of rice bran oil in baking process and storage. Pure oils treated in simulated baking process and storage had an oxidative quality similar to that of breads. This means that bread ingridients may not have an effect on oil oxidative stability. Bread containing rice bran oil gained also higher scores in sensory evaluation, which of course were in agree with its better oxidative status. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - Antibacterial property of silica-supported Zinc Oxide prepared by molten salt
M. GhorbanpourThe aim of this study was to introduce a new method for producing ZnO/silica gel nanocomposites ZnO/silica gel. Nanocomposites were synthesized by inserting silica gels in a molten bath of zinc sulfate (at 560 °C) for different contact times. Except for zinc sulfate MoreThe aim of this study was to introduce a new method for producing ZnO/silica gel nanocomposites ZnO/silica gel. Nanocomposites were synthesized by inserting silica gels in a molten bath of zinc sulfate (at 560 °C) for different contact times. Except for zinc sulfate, no reduction agent or chemical material was used for the preparation of nanocomposite. In this method, synthesis of nanoparticles and their immobilization on the substrate were carried out in a period of time less than 60 minutes. The ZnO/silica gel nanocomposites were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV–visible diffusive reflectance spectrometer (UV–Vis DRS). The SEM micrograph showed that the contact of silica gel with molten salt resulted in the formation of nanoparticles on the silica gel surface. On the other hand, by increasing the contact time, ZnO nanoparticles loading was increased. The antibacterial test against E. coli revealed that nanocomposites produced by 60 min contact duration, reached a mortality rate of 99.85%. The leaching test demonstrated the stability of the nanocomposites, and the delivery of zinc in water was less than 1.5% for all samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - Effect of the clove (Eugenia caryophyllus L.) ethanol extract and essential oil on the quality of pre-cooked rainbow trout fillet during storage at -18°C
H. Shabani مریم Azizkhani F. TooryanThis study aimed to investigate the effects of clove (Eugenia caryophyllus L.) extract and essential oil (EO) on oxidative stability and sensory properties of pre-cooked trout fillet during frozen storage period. Trout fillets (treated with clove EO (0.1%), extract (2%) MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effects of clove (Eugenia caryophyllus L.) extract and essential oil (EO) on oxidative stability and sensory properties of pre-cooked trout fillet during frozen storage period. Trout fillets (treated with clove EO (0.1%), extract (2%), BHT (0.02%) and the control) were fried, oven baked and steamed and stored at -18 ºC for 4 months. By the end of storage period, the highest value peroxide value was obtained from fried fillets contained EO and extract (4.48 and 5.45 meq/kg, respectively) and the lowest was observed in oven-baked samples contained EO and extract (2.63 and 3.47 meq/kg, respectively). TBA values did not increase in pre-cooked fillets with EO and extract except control steamed samples (0.58 mg MA/kg). Samples treated with clove EO showed slower PV and TBA increse than those of extract-treated samples or control. However, the additions of clove EO and extract have positive effect on sensory quality of baked fillets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - Designing and Developing a Questionnaire of Academic Stability among Elementary School Students
Shahla Babaei Gholamreza Golmohammad Nazhad Bahrami Behboud Yarigholi Parvin BahariThe purpose of this research is to design and develop a questionnaire of academic stability among elementary school students. The research method was Mixed Method with an Exploratory Sequential Design (Tool compilation model). The participants in the qualitative section MoreThe purpose of this research is to design and develop a questionnaire of academic stability among elementary school students. The research method was Mixed Method with an Exploratory Sequential Design (Tool compilation model). The participants in the qualitative section were 25 persons who were selected by purposive sampling from university lecturers of educational sciences, teachers, elementary school students and parents of students. The population of research in the quantitative section was all of elementary students in Marivan city, of which 373 persons were selected with using proportional stratified random sampling method. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed by qualitative content analysis method and 238 codes were obtained that were summarized in the form of 5 main themes and 44 sub-themes. In order to analyze criterion validity, first the correlation of each item with the criterion was calculated and 38 items were omitted. Then, the correlation of the scores of questionnaire with the criterion was calculated, which was significant at the level of 0.01. The construct validity of the questionnaire was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis. The result of the analysis showed that six factors explain a total of 68.442% of the total variance of the questionnaire. Also, Cronbach's alpha was 0.883 for the total questionnaire and 0.901, 0.841, 0.855, 0.740, 0.577 and 0.600 respectively for each of the components. In general, the results showed that the academic stability questionnaire with 23 items has high validity and reliability in order to assessment and predict the amount of academic stability in elementary school students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - A small continuous-Time macroeconometrics model of Iran (Structural Analysis)
Roya Alleomran Hamedreza BaradaranshorakaThis paper presents a continuous time macro-econometrics model for Iranian economy during 1338-1383. In this regard a relatively small size continuous time macro-econometric model, and simultaneous equation systems with eight differential equations and three definitiona MoreThis paper presents a continuous time macro-econometrics model for Iranian economy during 1338-1383. In this regard a relatively small size continuous time macro-econometric model, and simultaneous equation systems with eight differential equations and three definitional equations were used, and the model was estimated with 2 SLS technique. It examines the adjustment of macro economic variables such az such , consumption, production ,inflation, liquidity, wages,toward their desirable values,local stability and unstability of equilibrium point of economy. The results showed that the low speed adjustment for prices 2/5 years, and wages 3/3 years was confirmed/the high speed adjustement for money market 0.85 and real market also was confirmed.The money variable coefficient and its effect on consumption was also high, i.e. any unstability in the money market overflows toward consumption.Analyzing the stability of the system showed that the system is locally unstable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - The Effect of Rhythmic Aerobic Training with Core Stability Training on Glycemic and Anthropometric Indices of Overweight Women
nahid venarji abbas mehranpour Hooman angoorani Sareh HasaniIntroduction: Due to the high prevalence of overweight and obesity and the need to achieve effective and practical solutions to control them, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of a rhythmic aerobic training with core stability training on serum levels of MoreIntroduction: Due to the high prevalence of overweight and obesity and the need to achieve effective and practical solutions to control them, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of a rhythmic aerobic training with core stability training on serum levels of glucose, insulin, resistance Insulin and anthropometric indices of overweight women. Materials and methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 80 women with an age range of 25 to 45 years and a body mass index above 25 were purposefully selected and then randomly divided into two groups of control and exercise. Interventions were performed for 12 weeks (three sessions per week, each session for one hour (with an intensity of 80% of the maximum heart rate. Before the start of the study and at the end of the study period, study variables were measured. Independent and dependent t-test were used to analyze the results (P≤0.05). Findings: A period of rhythmic aerobic training with core stability training had a significant effect on reducing the waist circumference, and body fat percentage and insulin resistance of overweight women (p < 0.05). However, it had no significant effect on serum glucose and insulin levels in women. Conclusion: It seems that core stability training can improve the anthropometric indices of overweight women. However, in relation to its effects on glycemic indices, more studies are needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
268 - Measuring sustainable urban development with emphasis on social Physical index and using statistical planning techniques (Case study of Ahwaz metropolis)
Kourosh Momeni Elias mavedatSocio-physical sustainability is a concept that emerges in the context of the sustainable development Plan as a new word template in the world. The roots of sustainable development attitudes resonate with dissatisfaction with the sources of development and physical, soc MoreSocio-physical sustainability is a concept that emerges in the context of the sustainable development Plan as a new word template in the world. The roots of sustainable development attitudes resonate with dissatisfaction with the sources of development and physical, socio-economic growth in cities from an ecological point of view. With increasing population in recent years, cities have experienced a physical expansion. So the world in which we live is constantly changing. Therefore, the application of the concept of physical-social sustainability in city planning is a relatively new action. Because there is a clear picture of the way forward, it is necessary to ensure the correct movement and take steady steps. Undoubtedly, population statistics are very important in determining the right path for economic and social development planning. As a result of the present study, the research methodology (library, descriptive-analytical, and field studies) has examined the subject of socioeconomic stability in the context of sustainable urban development. It is also worth mentioning that data analysis is used in addition to statistical methods, such as ArcGIS, Grafer, SPSS, Visio, SmartPLS and EXCEL. The results of the research show that, in addition to the fact that the metropolitan areas of Ahwaz differ in terms of sustainability, also among studied regions, the index of study there is a significant relationship between urban planning and urban planning. Statistically, the TOPSIS average in Ahwaz metropolis was equal to (37.9%) and was ranked by region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
269 - A comparative study of social stability indices for housing (case study: Ahvaz socially excluded localities)
faeghe sarhani mohammad hasan yazdani saeed amanpourIn recent years, sustainable development and therefor sustainable development for neighbourhoods have been proposed in scientific community. This is closely connected to socail damage, environmental issues, security, collaboration and urban management. For the developme MoreIn recent years, sustainable development and therefor sustainable development for neighbourhoods have been proposed in scientific community. This is closely connected to socail damage, environmental issues, security, collaboration and urban management. For the development of sustainable housing in urban neighbouhoods, 10 indicators has been used in social dimension. The aim of this inverstigation was comparative study of sustainability indicators for housing in informal settlement areas of Ahvaz. Research population was families living in informal areas. 384 individuals were cochranʾs sample size. In order to increase the accuracy of research, 450 questionnaires were distributed. 18 neighbourhoods in city border were chosen out of 6 distinguished districts. Nonparametric tests such as Manu-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for analysis and comparison amany neighbours. The prioritization was bused on the results of sustainity of neighbourhoods: Zergan, zoviye 1 and zoviye 2 with a score of 5 had a stable level for their local identity, a sense of homeplace and residentʾs co-opration. Aliabad, Manbaʾ ab, Hasir abad and taher neighbourhoods with a score of 4 were known as relatione stable.Al-e-Safi, Mallashia, Nehzatabad and Krishan as semi stable and Goldasht, upper chenibeh and Allavi neighbourhoods were known as relatively unstable and Golbahar, Razmandeghan and sayyahi Alley were unstable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
270 - Analysis of the Relationship between Spatial and Temporal Changes in Land Use and Landscape Metrics in the KoozehTopraghi Watershed
Roghayeh Dezhbani Zeinab Hazbavi Raoof Mostafazadeh Abazar Esmali Ouri Nazila AlaeiThe purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between land use changes in different time periods using landscape metrics in the KoozehTopraghi Watershed located in Ardabil Province. For this purpose, three Landsat satellite images from 2000, 2010, and 2021 w MoreThe purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between land use changes in different time periods using landscape metrics in the KoozehTopraghi Watershed located in Ardabil Province. For this purpose, three Landsat satellite images from 2000, 2010, and 2021 were received from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) database. After preparing the land use maps of the watershed by supervised classification and converting it to a raster format, the landscape metrics of Fragstats 8.2 software were calculated and quantified in two levels of landscape (22 metrics) and class (13 metrics). The kappa coefficient for the land use maps of the three years under study (2000, 2010, and 2021) was equal to 58.2, 75.0, and 59.2 %, respectively. The results showed that at the level of class, rainfed agriculture had the maximum value in the edge density metric, and irrigated agriculture had the maximum values in the average distance of the nearest Euclidean neighbor, the number of patches, and the total edges in all three years. Furthermore, at the landscape level, the fragmentation index decreased slightly in 2010 compared to 2000 and then increased in 2021. The largest patch index also showed a significant decrease in 2021, so it has reached from 43.34 in 2000 to 34.81 in 2021. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
271 - Study the Social Instability in Informal Settlements Based on the Challenges of Sustainable Urban Development (Case Study: 2nd District in Tehran Farahzad Neighborhood)
Mohammad Sadegh Taher Tolou Del Marzieh Zare Seyedeh Ashraf SadatThe research method was analytic-survey based on observation and using a questionnaire tool. The sample size of 130 households was selected by simple random sampling method. The validity of the tool has been verified according to the opinion of the experts and managemen MoreThe research method was analytic-survey based on observation and using a questionnaire tool. The sample size of 130 households was selected by simple random sampling method. The validity of the tool has been verified according to the opinion of the experts and management experts and behavioral sciences. The reliability of this tool was obtained using Cronbach's alpha method higher than 0.7. According to experts, with the help of factors such as physical, social, economic and environmental factors can improve informal housing. The amount of each of these components in order; The socio-cultural component is 34.10%, the economic component is 29.55%, the physical component is 27.25% and the environmental component is 9.10%. Much of informal settlements Farahzad neighborhood, is due to migration for a better life. The margin of the neighborhood is characterized by dissatisfaction and lack of social citizenship. As a result, improving the housing situation and social and cultural infrastructure is one of the most important priorities in improving the situation in the Farahzad neighborhood. The main feature of the urban sustainability development approach can be explained based on the theory of social change. This perspective looks more towards the socioeconomic and cultural construction of the urban community, rather than looking outside the community to root out the causes of injuries and social instability in order to find out the causes of social injuries and instabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
272 - Synthesis and thermal stability of nanocrystalline Mg-6Al-1Zn-1Si alloy prepared via mechanical alloying
Roholamin Sedighi Mohammad Rajabi Seyed Mahmood Rabiee -
Open Access Article
273 - Corrosion Properties of 70SiO2-15TiO2-15ZrO2 Ceramic Membrane
Maryam Shojaie Bahaabad Ehsan Taheri Nassaj Kavoos Falamaki Ali Zakeri -
Open Access Article
274 - Effect of Ni on Amorphization of Ti-Cu-Ni Ternary alloys Prepared by Mechanical alloying
Masoud Ghadiri Ali Saidi -
Open Access Article
275 - Evaluation of environmental sustainability in urban areas with the approach of fine dust problem using multi-criteria decision making technique of linear allocation and artificial neural network (case study: Ahvaz)
yahya abdolkarim neysi Mohammad Ebrahim Afifi marzeyeeh mogholiEnvironmental sustainability assessment is one of the most important tools in the process of sustainable development planning and therefore attention to it in policy-making and planning is inevitable. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the environmental sustainabi MoreEnvironmental sustainability assessment is one of the most important tools in the process of sustainable development planning and therefore attention to it in policy-making and planning is inevitable. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the environmental sustainability in urban areas with the approach of the dust problem using multi-criteria decision-making technique of linear allocation and artificial neural network in Ahvaz metropolis. In this research, first, by studying the theoretical foundations of the research, the criteria that are effective for environmental sustainability were identified. Then, the documentary and library method and referring to different departments and organizations were used to collect information in the theoretical part. However, the main information of the research was collected using field studies (completing questionnaires, observations and field studies). The research process was such that a questionnaire was designed to implement the methodology through the criteria obtained from the study of the problem literature and distributed among the people in 8 regions by stratified random sampling method. The sample size of the total areas was determined based on the unlimited Cochran's formula in the form of population classes of the areas. Keywords: Environmental stability, particulate matter, linear allocation, artificial neural network, Ahvaz Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
276 - The zoning of slop instabilities on the mountain roads by Artificial Neural Network (MLP)(case study: dare diz strait)
Shahram Roostaei Fatemeh khodaeiDre Diz straitis one of the most risky straits of east Azarbayjian province from occurrence of slop instabilities. Given، the coincidence of thisstrait on the only connection pass between MARAND_JOLFA towns، the best way to care and keeping the security of the road، is MoreDre Diz straitis one of the most risky straits of east Azarbayjian province from occurrence of slop instabilities. Given، the coincidence of thisstrait on the only connection pass between MARAND_JOLFA towns، the best way to care and keeping the security of the road، is identification of risky areas or zoning the risk of slop instability in this strait. For this ، the main data was collected then the needful layers were provided on the GIS software environment ،later the zoning map of slop instability for zoning slop instability risk obtained in IDRISI software and on the ANN method (MLP) with 1-10-15 instruction provided ،and the apt areas for occurrence of slop instability have been introduced in five different risk class :highest، high، medium، low ،very low.And according to the result slop and distance of faulthave the greater role on the happining of slop instabilities on the strait and therefor on the Insecurityof the road. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
277 - Evaluation of structural and functional characteristics of ecological spots using the LFA
Maasoumeh Movaghari Leila KhalasiKhuzestan province is one of the provinces that have been struggling with the phenomenon of dust in recent years and has suffered many economic, social and environmental consequences. This research was conducted to identify the ecological components in the sand dunes of MoreKhuzestan province is one of the provinces that have been struggling with the phenomenon of dust in recent years and has suffered many economic, social and environmental consequences. This research was conducted to identify the ecological components in the sand dunes of Zoeir in Khouzestan province with the aim of evaluating soil level indices by LFA method. This region is located at 48.1 km distance from Ahvaz city. Sampling unit in this research was linear transect. Ecological spots and the spaces between them were determined during each transect and then five repetitions were selected randomly between them. Then, eleven soil indices that determine three functional characteristics (stability, permeability and nutrient cycle of the elements) were scored according to Tongway and Hindly) 2003(. Then, three functional features were determined based on the scores of related indices, Using LFA software. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis and comparison of ecological spots. The result showed that the highest percentage of soil stability is related to tree spots and the smallest percentage refers to the spatial space (bare soil). Also, the highest percent of the nutrient cycle was related to tree and tree trunk spots and the spatial space (bare soil) with the forbs spot had the lowest food cycle. Also, contrary to the research hypotheses, the highest percentage of permeability belonged to the bare soil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
278 - Study of phytochemical compounds of Lactuca serriola L. (case study of the fields of Vamenan village in Azadshar)
Ebrahim Gholamalipour Alamdari Maral Iri Javad Bayat Kohsar zeinab avarsejiThis experiment was carried out to analyze some primary and secondary compounds in various organs of Lactuca serriola during phenological vegetative growth stage. After collecting aerial parts of L. Serriola from the farms in Vamenan village in Azadshar, various organs MoreThis experiment was carried out to analyze some primary and secondary compounds in various organs of Lactuca serriola during phenological vegetative growth stage. After collecting aerial parts of L. Serriola from the farms in Vamenan village in Azadshar, various organs such as root, stem, and leaf were dried and powdered separately. Also, mixed organs were considered as another treatment for comparison. Then various organs of L. serriola and a mixture of them were analyzed qualitatively for primary metabolites like organic matter, raw ash, protein, proline, starch and soluble sugar as well as membrane stability index and some secondary metabolites like total phenols and anthocyanin. Results showed that various organs of L. serriola had a various content of primary and secondary metabolites as well membrane stability index. On the basis of the findings, the highest and lowest contents of organic matter and raw ash were obtained in leaf, respectively. The highest content of protein, starch and compatibility osmotic of soluble sugar and proline also were found in the leaf organ. The highest content of total phenols and anthocyanin were obtained in leaf showing a positive and significant correlation with membrane stability index. Regarding the high biomass generated from L. serriola, it is suggested to analyze the other chemical compounds in this plant. Complimentary studies are required to exploit the application of these compounds as bio herbicide. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
279 - The effect of interval irrigation and growth regulators on some morphophysiological traits of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) cultivars
eshaq arekhi Hossein Ajam Noruzi Kamal Ghasemi Bezdi elham faghaniTo study the effect of interval irrigation and growth regulators on morphophysiological traits of cotton cultivars, an experiment was conducted as a split factorial in randomized complete block design in 2017 and 2018 in Hashemabad Cotton Research Station in Gorgan, Ira MoreTo study the effect of interval irrigation and growth regulators on morphophysiological traits of cotton cultivars, an experiment was conducted as a split factorial in randomized complete block design in 2017 and 2018 in Hashemabad Cotton Research Station in Gorgan, Iran. Treatments consisted of intervals of irrigation at two levels (two weeks and four weeks) as the main factor and six-level growth regulator treatments (control, benzyl adenine, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroid, and cycocel) and three cotton cultivars (Golestan, Kashmar, and Shayan) were also considered as sub-factors. The results of this study showed that proline content and relative water content of leaf decreased with water deficit stress. Maximum proline content (3.55 µg/g fresh weight) was obtained from Shayan cultivar with salicylic acid. Benzyl adenine and brassinosteroids increased relative leaf water content. The highest cell membrane stability (2.998%) was observed in Kashmar cotton cultivar and two-week interval irrigation, and Cycocel increased the membrane stability by 15%. Plant height, number of flowers, and number of bolls were affected by growth regulators, irrigation intervals, and cultivars. With increasing irrigation period, plant height, flower number, and boll number decreased in all cultivars, but under drought stress, Golestan cultivar had more flowers and boll number than other cultivars. Cycocel, salicylic acid, and brassinosteroids significantly increased flowering of cultivars at both years and both irrigation intervals. Benzyl adenine and brassinosteroids increased plant height more than 7% and abscisic acid, cycocel, and salicylic acid decreased plant height compared with control. Application of abscisic acid reduced the number of bolls by 22% compared with the control. Overall, growth regulators, especially cycocel and salicylic acid, increased the morphophysiological traits of cotton cultivars indicating their positive effect on drought tolerance and it could play a role in moderating stress effects under stress conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
280 - A study on the morphological and physiological traits of Stabragh (Calotropts procera L.) under drought and saline area of Golestan province
mostafa hamidi Saeid Navabpour abolfazl mazandarani ahad yamchi ali asghar nasrolahnejadStabragh belongs to the Asclepiadaceae family and is resistant to high levels of drought and salinity. Its organs have been used for the treatment of various diseases. In order to study the adaptation and stability of this plant under drought and saline conditions in Go MoreStabragh belongs to the Asclepiadaceae family and is resistant to high levels of drought and salinity. Its organs have been used for the treatment of various diseases. In order to study the adaptation and stability of this plant under drought and saline conditions in Golestan province, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, plant seeds were cultivated in Gorgan, Gonbad, and Aghghala under different degrees of salinity and drought in February, March and April during 2014 and 2015. Plant height, leaf number and area, leaf dry weight, and proline and chlorophyll contents were measured were significant on all traits. Important traits such as proline, chlorophyll, fresh weight, dry weight, and plant height were introduced as the most important traits during the growth season. Data analysis was done through combined analysis of randomized complete block design. Results showed that the effect of regions on plant height, leaf area and dry weight, and also proline content were significant. Also, the effect of year was significant only for height and number of leaves. Effects of planting date and sampling in the adaptation of stabragh to saline and drought environments. Gorgan was the most suitable area for cultivation. Variations in the cultivation dates led to changes in the plants’ level of adaptation and stability. The best planting date was April. The findings suggest that the plant can tolerate dry and saline conditions of the region and we can consider it as an alternative plant in arid and saline areas of the province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
281 - Effect of foliar application of salicylic acid and biofertilizerson on yield and some biochemical traits of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under water stress
Ahmad AfkariIn order to study of the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid and biofertilizerson on yield and some biochemical traits of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under water stress, was investigated using a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design MoreIn order to study of the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid and biofertilizerson on yield and some biochemical traits of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under water stress, was investigated using a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design in triplicate within the 2019 crop year in the protected area of Horand city of the province of East Azarbaijan. Experimental treatments included the first factor of drought stress at three levels (70, 140 and 210 mm of evaporation from Class A evaporation pan), the second factor of seed inoculation with bacteria at five levels (no inoculation as control, inoculation with Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, Azospirillum and co-inoculation with Azotobacter, Pseudomonas and Azospirillum), and the third factor of salicylic acid foliar application at four levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM). With the application of dehydration, cell membrane stability, maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II and grain yield in basil decreased and carbohydrate accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde content and essential oil content increased. The results of comparing the mean interaction of drought stress and biofertilizers showed that the highest grain yield (917.11 kg / ha) and maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (0.713) were obtained from 70 mm evaporation treatment and the co-inoculation of bacteria (Azotobacter, Pseudomonas and Azospirillum). Salicylic acid (SA) foliar application increased 41.33%, 54.17%, 24.43% and 38.98% of glutathione peroxidase activity, leaf soluble carbohydrates, membrane stability index and essential oil content, and decreased the content of MDA by 54.72% respectively. According to the obtained results, foliar application with salicylic acid and the combined use of bacteria (Azotobacter, Pseudomonas and Azospirillum) could partially eliminate the negative effects of drought stress and improve the yield and quality of basil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
282 - The investigation of pretreatment irradiation power and time of microwave on total phenolic content, oxidative stability and the physicochemical properties of Cannabis oil
masoumeh moghimiIn this study, the effects of pretreatment irradiation power and time of microwave on total phenolic content , oxidative stability and the physicochemical properties of Cannabis oil, which included: extraction efficiency, acidity values, refractive and MoreIn this study, the effects of pretreatment irradiation power and time of microwave on total phenolic content , oxidative stability and the physicochemical properties of Cannabis oil, which included: extraction efficiency, acidity values, refractive and color index were studied by a completely randomized design in the form of 3×3 factorial experiment with three levels of applied microwave irradiation power (180, 540 and 900 W) and three microwave time levels (90, 180 and 270 seconds) and three replications. The hemp seeds were supplied from animal feed store in Gonbad kavous city in early spring of 2017 and oils were obtained by using spiral press .The SAS software was used for data analysis. The results were showed that with increasing microwave power, the oil extraction efficiency, acidity, color index, oxidative stability and total phenol increased significantly (p< 0.01). Increasing the microwave time also led to an increase in the oil extraction efficiency, acidity, density, oxidative stability and total phenol. The pretreatment microwave had no significant effect on the oil refractive index. The maximum oil extraction efficiency was obtained from seeds which had a microwave power and time of 900 watts and 270 seconds respectively. The maximum oxidative stability (9.33 hours) was achieved when the applied microwave power and time were at their maximized levels. Overall, regarding the achieved results it can be concluded that the use of microwave in order to treatment of hemp seeds before oil extraction by cold press can improve the oil extraction efficiency and increase phenolic compounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
283 - Evaluation of thermal and antimicrobial behavior of Montmorillonite nanoclay modified with 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole
Milad Edraki davood zaarei -
Open Access Article
284 - Evaluation of thermal and antimicrobial behavior of Montmorillonite nanoclay modified with 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole
Milad Edraki Davood Zaarei -
Open Access Article
285 - Investigation of the stability of PEG stearate-coated Chitosan nanoparticles loaded with levothyroxine
Elham Rostami -
Open Access Article
286 - Surface chemistry improvement of carbon nanotube (CNT) supported Fischer–Tropsch nanocatalysts
Ali Karimi Ahmad Tavasoli Maryam Davari Ali Mohajeri -
Open Access Article
287 - Ab initio (first principle) material modeling study on Lio adsorbed by palladium-cobalt (PdCo) nanoparticles
Mikail Aslan -
Open Access Article
288 - Transient Stability Improvement of a Hybrid Power System: A Novel Configuration of Compensating Type Custom Power Devices and Fault Current Limiters.
Shahab Khormali Salman Amirkhan Ramin Mokhtari Hassan Pourvali Souraki Tatiana Kovacikova masoud radmehr Azadeh Sadat Naeimi -
Open Access Article
289 - Improvement of Power System Stability with Salp Swarm Algorithm and Fuzzy Type II
Payam Rokni Nakhi Salman Amirkhan Javad Safaei Kuchaksaraei Fatemeh Hamedani -
Open Access Article
290 - Optimal Placement based on Distributed Generation to Improvement of Voltage Stability in Multi-Phase Distribution Systems
Mohammad Kazeminejad Saheb Khanabdal Mozhdeh Karamifard -
Open Access Article
291 - New Super-twisting Sliding Mode Control of an Upper Limb Rehabilitation Robot Based on the TLBO Algorithm
Naghmeh Mirrashid Esmaeil Alibeiki Seyed Mehdi Rakhtala -
Open Access Article
292 - A Novel High-Order Fuzzy Systems with Decomposition in to Zero-and First-Order Fuzzy Structures in Nonlinear Dynamic Systems
Zohreh Zeighami Mohammad Reza Jahed Motlag Ali Moarefianpour -
Open Access Article
293 - Optimal Sizing and Location of Distributed Generation Units to Improve Voltage Stability and Reduce Power Loss in the Distribution System
M. Kazeminejad M. Ghaffarianfar A. Hajizadeh -
Open Access Article
294 - Investigating the Interactive Effects of Monetary and Macroprudential Policies on the Stability of the Banking System: Evidence from Iranian Economy
Leila Pashazadeh Hossein Asgharpur Sakineh Sojoodi Zahra Karimi TakanlouThe main objective of this study is to investigate the interactive effects of monetary and macroprudential policies on the stability of Iranian banking system. For this purpose, the effects of monetary and macroprudential policies and interactive of these two policies h MoreThe main objective of this study is to investigate the interactive effects of monetary and macroprudential policies on the stability of Iranian banking system. For this purpose, the effects of monetary and macroprudential policies and interactive of these two policies have been evaluated using the annual time series data of 24 private and government banks of Iran during the period of 2007-2019 and using generalized moments method (GMM).The results show that the monetary policies have significantly caused the instability of the banking system, and the macroprudential policies have significantly increased the stability of the banks. Also, empirical findings of the research show that, the interaction of monetary policies and macroprudential has a positive and significant effect on the stability of banks. This result indicates that the implementation of macro reserve policies in Iran has caused the effects of monetary policies to be modified on the instability of banks. Hence, it is necessary for the economic policy makers to consider these interactions when designing monetary and macro prudential policy interventions. In fact, economic policymakers are advised to use macroprudential policies to strengthen the stability of the banking system when implementing expansionary monetary policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
295 - An Empirical Examination of Stability, Predictability and Volatility for Capital Markets in Persian Gulf Rim
yadollah Dadgar Behzad VamaziariThis paper examines the dynamic relationship of stock markets, stability, predictability, volatility, and persistence of shocks volatility of stock markets in Iran, Saudi Arabia, United Arabic Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman. In this paper, Generalized Autoregressive MoreThis paper examines the dynamic relationship of stock markets, stability, predictability, volatility, and persistence of shocks volatility of stock markets in Iran, Saudi Arabia, United Arabic Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman. In this paper, Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity model (GARCH) and Autoregressive Moving Average model (ARMA) are implemented by using monthly data during 1990-2010. The results indicate that stock market doesn’t have notable predictability in Iran and there is Cluster volatility for return of stock in most markets and almost, in none of these markets except Oman, explosive volatilities are observed. It is also indicated that the return for markets of Bahrain and Oman doesn’t have stability in significant level of 5 percent and for Iran it doesn’t have stability and durability in significant level of 1 percent. In addition, although the markets of these countries have high capacities for return of investment, but, in particular, the findings show a low correlation between these markets. Also, the results for the period in question explain that none of these markets has the ability of leadership among others. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
296 - The Effect of Local Fatigue in Core Stability Muscles on Selected Biomechanical Variables of Upper Limb in Professional Women Rowers
Soraya Abyar Ali Fatahi Razieh Yousefian MollaSince fatigue caused by repetitive sport movements impairs the rate of muscle force development and rate of muscle contraction, and its modification is associated with variables such as age, injury, type and level of physical activity, the aim of this study was to inves MoreSince fatigue caused by repetitive sport movements impairs the rate of muscle force development and rate of muscle contraction, and its modification is associated with variables such as age, injury, type and level of physical activity, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of localized fatigue on stabilizing muscles on selected biomechanical variables of the upper limbs in professional rowers. Twenty professional Dragon Boat rowers participated in the present study as subjects. Five biomechanical-functional parameters including stability, balance, endurance, strength and flexibility of the upper limb in these subjects were taken as a pre-test at the beginning of the study. Then, the adjusted fatigue protocol was given to the core stability muscles and trunk of the subjects and all of them underwent post-test again. Finally, paired t-test was used to compare the two stages of pre-test and post-test. The results showed that in stability, endurance and strength, significant increase, in flexibility, significant decrease was observed between pre and post-tests, respectively. No significant differences exist between pre and post-tests in balance test (p ≤ 0.05). It is recommended that professional level coaches and rowers’ athletes, regarding biomechanics of movements, pay attention to appropriate preparations and execute training and drills that improve the strength of the core muscles and increase their ability to cope with fatigue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
297 - Stability of Robust Lyapunov Based Control of Flexible-Joint Robots Using Voltage Control Strategy Revisited
Ali Deylami -
Open Access Article
298 - Experimental Passive Suppression of the Regenerative Chatter Phenomenon by Variation of the Frequency and Amplitude of the Spindle Motor Excitation in Turning
Kamyar Foroojani Zadeh Reza Nosouhi -
Open Access Article
299 - Fractional Order Control of Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems
Mohammad Goodarzi -
Open Access Article
300 - Robust Lyapunov-based Control of MEMS Optical Switches
Mohammad Goodarzi -
Open Access Article
301 - Task-space Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Taylor Series Uncertainty Estimator Revisited
Masoud Shahhosseini -
Open Access Article
302 - Examining and explaining the relationship between internal audit and profit sustainability
mohammadreza shurvarziInternal auditing is still an emerging profession. Internal audit plays an important role in helping organizations to achieve their goals and protect their assets (Al-Qudah et al., 2019). In addition, internal audit has become a critical management tool to achieve effec MoreInternal auditing is still an emerging profession. Internal audit plays an important role in helping organizations to achieve their goals and protect their assets (Al-Qudah et al., 2019). In addition, internal audit has become a critical management tool to achieve effective control in organizations (Behren and Ulrich, 2019). The main purpose of this research is to examine and explain the relationship between internal audit and profit stability in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Profit stability means the repeatability of current profits. The higher the profit stability, the greater the company's ability to maintain future profits. The period of this research is between 1387 and 1396, which includes two five-year periods, 5 years before the requirement of internal audit and 5 years after that for companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. which was used by using multivariate regression analysis method using Limer and Hausman's F test with the help of STATA software. In this research, the model of Francis et al. (2005) has been used to measure the stability of profits, and the data of 109 companies have been used to test the hypothesis. has been significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
303 - The Effect of Social Interaction Perception of Managers on Companies’ Earnings Quality
Abolghasem Masihabadi rouhollah rahmani alireza mehrazeenCompetent managers, along with financial and physical resources, are necessary for the success of companies. The competence of managers is not only the amount of their knowledge and technical skills, but also their psychological and social characteristics play a key rol MoreCompetent managers, along with financial and physical resources, are necessary for the success of companies. The competence of managers is not only the amount of their knowledge and technical skills, but also their psychological and social characteristics play a key role in shaping the competence of managers and their success in managing companies. The study aims to investigate the relationship between managers' social perception and earnings quality of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population of this study is all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2014 and 2017 and the sample includes 134 companies. Multiple regression was used to test the research hypotheses using EVIEWS software. The Perception of Social Interactions Questionnaire (Glass, 1994) was used to measure the perception of social interaction and the time series of earnings characteristics (stability and smoothing) was used to measure the earnings quality. The results of hypothesis testing showed that managers' perception of social interaction has a significant and positive relationship with earnings stability and a significant and negative relationship with earnings smoothing, which indicates a positive relationship between perception of social interaction and earnings quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
304 - The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Financial Performance, Financial Stability and Financial Inclusion in the Iranian Banking Sector
Seyed hossein Ahmadi Langari Ali khozeinThe importance of access to financial services at the community level is not hidden from economic actors, and for a long time now, human activities have been closely related to social activities, so that in recent years, social responsibility of banks and its reporting MoreThe importance of access to financial services at the community level is not hidden from economic actors, and for a long time now, human activities have been closely related to social activities, so that in recent years, social responsibility of banks and its reporting has become very important. Many countries have considered this concept in order to deal with the problems related to unemployment, poverty, pollution and other social problems, and through the implementation of social activities in a desirable and diverse way, have responded to various foreign groups. Based on social responsibility, banks are committed to carry out their activities for the benefit of society as a whole and to gain their satisfaction. The present study on the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on financial performance (FP), financial stability (FS) and financial inclusion (FI) in the Iranian banking sector, focusing on data from 17 banks over 5 years for the financial period 2016-2020 Was tested by SPSS version 22 with three hypotheses. The results of this study showed that corporate social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on financial performance and financial stability, but the relationship between corporate social responsibility does not have a positive and significant effect on financial inclusion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
305 - Designing PSS and SVC Parameters simultaneously through the Improved Quantum Algorithm in the Multi-machine Power System
Amir Kazemi Zahrani Moein ParastegariAs to the importance of power system performance in terms of quality, and stability, through flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices in power networks and coordinating these devices through power system stabilizers (PSSs) has gained a great acceptance. According MoreAs to the importance of power system performance in terms of quality, and stability, through flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices in power networks and coordinating these devices through power system stabilizers (PSSs) has gained a great acceptance. Accordingly, the problem of coordinated design of PSS and static var compensator (SVC) parameters in multi-machine power systems is introduced and solved through the improved quantum method. In previous studies PSS is designed for damping small-signal oscillations of the power system. To damp large-signal oscillations, PSS should be designed in accordance with other devices like SVC. Therefore to reach overall stability of power system, the Quantum-inspired Evolutionary Algorithm is applied here to determine PSS parameters and SVC in a coordinated manner. This proposed method is applied in determining PSS parameters and SVC of Kundur’s four-machine power systems and the New England 39-bus system. Simulation results reveal the effective performance of this proposed method in comparison with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Bacteria Foraging Optimization (BFO) methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
306 - Simultaneous Design and Simulation of Synergetic Power System Stabilizers and a Thyristor-Controller Series Capacitor in Multi-Machine Power Systems
Arman FattollahiPower system stabilizers (PSSs) are usually utilized for damping synchronous generator torque in order to reduce these oscillations by producing complementary control signals for the generator excitation system.In this study, we used a non-linear power system stabilizer MorePower system stabilizers (PSSs) are usually utilized for damping synchronous generator torque in order to reduce these oscillations by producing complementary control signals for the generator excitation system.In this study, we used a non-linear power system stabilizer based on synergetic control theory and a thyristor-controller series capacitor (TCSC) simultaneously in order to damp electromechanical oscillations and overcome the problems of linear approximation in a non-linear system which limits system stability in a neighborhood of equilibrium. The proposed synergetic combination of power system stabilizers is completely based on a simplified non-linear model of the system. In order to examine the simultaneous effect of these controllers, we investigated the simulation in single- and multi-machine power systems under various turbulences. Simulation results indicated that the simultaneous performance of TCSC and the synergetic power system stabilizer (SPSS) show a high capacity for damping oscillations and improving stability as compared with SPSS and PSS tuned with genetic algorithm (GAPSS) in any non-linear dynamic power system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
307 - Improving the dynamic stability of power grids including offshore wind farms and equipped with HVDC transmission system using adaptive neural controller
Abdolkhalegh Hamidi Jamal Beiza Taher Abedinzade Ali DaghighThe purpose of this paper is to improve the dynamic stability of power systems equipped with offshore wind farms and HVDC transmission lines. Since wind farms are affected by environmental factors and cannot have a constant production capacity, the effect of wind turbin MoreThe purpose of this paper is to improve the dynamic stability of power systems equipped with offshore wind farms and HVDC transmission lines. Since wind farms are affected by environmental factors and cannot have a constant production capacity, the effect of wind turbine and HVDC system on power oscillation mode is investigated and a suitable solution for selecting input-output signals and stabili­zing complementary controller design is proposed. In the proposed method, using the concepts of controllability, observability and decomposition of single values, the best path for the design of the complementary controller is selected among the input-output signals, then the stabilizer controller is designed based on neural networks and to improve frequency Stability-Voltage is used. The simulation results show that the proposed controller performs better than the classical controllers in terms of response speed, settling time, and voltage fluctuations in the presence of disturbances and confirms the performance of the selected control system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
308 - Inverter-based microgrid dynamic stability analysis considering inventory of dynamic and static load models
Saeid Zamanian Sajad Sadi Reza Ghaffarpour Aram MahdavianThe proper and sustainable performance of any electrical system is mainly related to the designers' insight into the nature of that system. Therefore, the need to provide an accurate model based on the actual behavior of the system has considerable importance. In the ca MoreThe proper and sustainable performance of any electrical system is mainly related to the designers' insight into the nature of that system. Therefore, the need to provide an accurate model based on the actual behavior of the system has considerable importance. In the case of inverter-based microgrid, due to the lack of sufficient synchronizing torque, the design process must be carried out with the utmost precision. In this paper, the stability of the inverter-based microgrid will be studied. First by presenting the equations of the microgrid components its state-space model is obtained and in the presence of the static load model the stability of the system will be investigated. Then, by placing the inventory of dynamic exponential recovery and static polynomial load models, the results of the static model-based design are investigated. In this study, the measure of system stability will be eigenvalue plots and system performance. In order to achieve system stability and performance improvement, the state variables participation factors extracted and the effective parameters will be studied Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
309 - Sliding Mode Control of Gas Turbine Based on Adaptive Nonlinear Observer
Hamed Tabibi Mohsen ParsaAccording to the critical role of gas turbines in the industry, monitoring the performance of gas turbines is an important issue since it can prevent unexpected shutdowns and the serious consequent financial harms. One of the most important parts of a gas turbine is the MoreAccording to the critical role of gas turbines in the industry, monitoring the performance of gas turbines is an important issue since it can prevent unexpected shutdowns and the serious consequent financial harms. One of the most important parts of a gas turbine is the combustion chamber. Although the internal pressure and temperature of the combustion chamber can directly affect the performance and useful life of this part, however, it is not possible to measure it directly through sensors. Therefore, estimation of pressure variable is a good choice to achieve greater performance and more relative stability comparing with the methods in which there is no access to the internal pressure of the chamber. In this research, a suitable nonlinear dynamic model with produced power and exhausted gas temperature as its outputs is chosen. Thereafter, an adaptive surface sliding observer is designed in order to estimate the combustion pressure and temperature which are the state variables of the gas turbine. Afterward, utilizing a sliding mode controller and applying the estimated states, the produced power and exhaustion gas temperature of the gas turbine is controlled. In this paper, the stability of the closed-loop system in the presence of the state observer through the Lyapunov approach is guaranteed. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the validity and efficiency of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
310 - Coordination of Protection Equipment in Synchronous Generator-Based Microgrids with Regard to Maintaining First Swing Stability
Hassan Fayazi Majid Moazzami Bahador Fani Ghazanfar ShahgholianWith the addition of distributed generation resources to the structure of distribution networks, at the time of the fault, the amount and direction of flow through the main and backup protections changes and disrupts the coordination between them. Synchronous generator- MoreWith the addition of distributed generation resources to the structure of distribution networks, at the time of the fault, the amount and direction of flow through the main and backup protections changes and disrupts the coordination between them. Synchronous generator-based sources, meanwhile, are more sensitive to error fixing times and their stability may be compromised. Since the troubleshooting time depends on the performance of the protection system, this paper proposes the most suitable protection combination for systems with synchronous generators by examining the types of combinations for protection elements (relay-relay, relay-recloser and recloser-fuse). Slowly On the other hand, this paper presents a solution by which, while maintaining the stability of the first oscillation of synchronous generators in the distribution network, the coordination between the main protection and the backup in the event of an error and in the presence of these sources can be maintained. There is no need to change or redesign the protection system in this solution. The proposed method, by activating the instantaneous characteristic along with the characteristic curve of the relay in the system, was able to establish coordination between the protections and transient stability of the synchronous generators in the distribution system for a penetration coefficient of 0 to 100%. The results of the implementation of the proposed method on the standard 33-bus IEEE test system in the ETAP software environment confirm its capability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
311 - Smart Control of Photovoltaic Static Compensator System Based on Fuzzy Logic Control to Improve Voltage Stability
Ali Dalirian Alireza Solat Seyed Mohammad Javad Rastegar FatemiThis paper proposes a new fuzzy control for photovoltaic static compensator (PV-STATCOM) system in order to improve voltage stability. The task of proposed system is the dynamic voltage control of a solar PV system connected to load bus in different operating modes as S MoreThis paper proposes a new fuzzy control for photovoltaic static compensator (PV-STATCOM) system in order to improve voltage stability. The task of proposed system is the dynamic voltage control of a solar PV system connected to load bus in different operating modes as STATCOM and/or PV active power generation. In this strategy, in case of perturbation, the proposed fuzzy controller by detecting it and considering the severity of disturbance, when there is no or insufficient remaining capacity of the inverter to compensate the reactive power, stops the active power production of the PV solar system, and then the entire capacity of the inverter is used as a STATCOM to regulate the voltage at the load bus. Then, after fixing the problem, the system returns to the active power generation mode as before. To evaluate the performance of the proposed fuzzy controller, different modes are simulated with EMTDC/PSCAD software to prove the ability of the controller to improve the stability of the power system. The results confirm that the PV-STATCOM with the proposed controller can improve the dynamic performance of the system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
312 - Design and Simulation of a New Capacitance Multiplier with Adaptive Current Bias and Quasi-Floating Gate Technique with Electronic Tunability and High Linearity for Biomedical Applications
Mohammad Aghaei Jeshvaghani Mehdi Dolatshahi Sayed Mohammad Ali Zanjani Mohammad Amin HonarvarEmploying capacitance multipliers in low-frequency integrated circuits has a significant effect on reducing the chip size area. The main idea behind the proposed circuit in this paper is to use a folded current follower (FCF) structure to effectively reduce the equivale MoreEmploying capacitance multipliers in low-frequency integrated circuits has a significant effect on reducing the chip size area. The main idea behind the proposed circuit in this paper is to use a folded current follower (FCF) structure to effectively reduce the equivalent series resistance (ESR) in the input stage. Furthermore, using an auxiliary circuit to adapt the bias current of the transistors and applying the necessary signals by the quasi-floating gate technique (QFG), are other approaches employed to reduce the static power consumption while properly increasing the linearity of the proposed circuit, which can be considered as other benefits of the proposed approach. On the other hand, to improve the linearity, negative feedback is used and necessary voltage is applied to the gate of the transistors in the current sampler. The “K” coefficient can be adjusted by the active method. Low input resistance and high output resistance as well as the reduced occupied silicon area are achieved based on the simulation results of the proposed circuit. The simulation results in 0.18 μm technology show that, with a 0.8 V power supply and base capacitor (Cb=1 pF), for 850 nW power consumption, a capacitor equivalent to 204 pF is achieved in the proposed approach. As another example, to realize the 101 pF capacitor with the supply as mentioned above and base capacitor, the proposed multiplier requires 6.3 times less area and 23 times more bandwidth than FCF, which shows the increased accuracy of the proposed design. In the proposed circuit, in the presence of a current adaptive circuit with an input signal range of 7 nA, the output current range is obtained as 1510 nA, While the output bias current is 100nA and the harmonic distortion value is obtained as 3.6%. The proposed circuit has the highest figure of merit 42.823 MHz/μW, which shows superiority in overall performance in comparison with other reported designs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
313 - Impact of Type and Impedance Value of Fault Current Limiters on the Transient Stability of the Power System Taking in to Fault Clearing Time
Mahdi Dehghani Ashkezari Sayed Mahmod Modaresi Modaresi Sayed Amin Saied Tahera Daemi HamidReza AkbariIn general, the basis of operation of most fault current limiters is to reduce the short-circuit current by adding a large impedance to the system at the time of the fault. However, fault current limiters differ in the type of impedance and how the impedance adds and re MoreIn general, the basis of operation of most fault current limiters is to reduce the short-circuit current by adding a large impedance to the system at the time of the fault. However, fault current limiters differ in the type of impedance and how the impedance adds and removes the system. In this paper, taking into account three different locations for installing fault current limiter in a sample power network, as well as changing the type (inductance or resistance) and its impedance value in an extensive range, the effects of these parameters on the stability of the power system have been investigated and analyzed. The criterion used for the first time in this article by the authors to examine and evaluate the transient stability of the power system is the method of the difference between the accelerating and decelerating area. The basis of this method is based on the equal area criterion. Other issues addressed in this paper are presenting a method for locating and determining the optimal value of fault current limiter impedance to improve the stability of the power system. Also, the effect of fault clearing time on transient stability has been studied when the fault current limiter is present in the power grid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
314 - Intelligent Control of UPFC for Enhancing Transient Stability on Multi-Machine Power Systems
Hassan Barati Reza Saki Seyed Saeeidolah MortazaviOne of the benefit of FACTS devices is increase of stability in power systems with control active and reactive power at during the fault in power system. Although, the power system stabilizers (PSSs) have been one of the most common controls used to damp out oscillation MoreOne of the benefit of FACTS devices is increase of stability in power systems with control active and reactive power at during the fault in power system. Although, the power system stabilizers (PSSs) have been one of the most common controls used to damp out oscillations, this device may not produce enough damping especially to inter-area mode and therefore, there is an increasing interest in using FACTS devices to aid in damping of these oscillations. In This paper, UPFC is used for damping oscillations and to enhance the transient stability performance of power systems. The controller parameters are designed using an efficient version of the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy control scheme. The function based Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy controller uses. For optimization parameters of fuzzy PI controller, the GA, PSO and HGAPSO algorithms are used. The computer simulation results, the effect of UPFC with conventional PI controller, fuzzy PI controller and intelligent controllers (GA, PSO and HGAPSO) for damping the local-mode and inter-area mode of under large and small disturbances in the four-machine two-area power system evaluated and compared. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
315 - Static Voltage Stability Analysis by Using SVM and Neural Network
Mehdi Hajian Asghar Akbari Foroud Hossein NorouzianVoltage stability is an important problem in power system networks. In this paper, in terms of static voltage stability, and application of Neural Networks (NN) and Supported Vector Machine (SVM) for estimating of voltage stability margin (VSM) and predicting of voltage MoreVoltage stability is an important problem in power system networks. In this paper, in terms of static voltage stability, and application of Neural Networks (NN) and Supported Vector Machine (SVM) for estimating of voltage stability margin (VSM) and predicting of voltage collapse has been investigated. This paper considers voltage stability in power system in two parts. The first part calculates static voltage stability margin by Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN). The advantage of the used method is high accuracy in online detecting the VSM. Whereas the second one, voltage collapse analysis of power system is performed by Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) and SVM. The obtained results in this paper indicate, that time and number of training samples of SVM, are less than NN. In this paper, a new model of training samples for detection system, using the normal distribution load curve at each load feeder, has been used. Voltage stability analysis is estimated by well-know L and VSM indexes. To demonstrate the validity of the proposed methods, IEEE 14 bus grid and the actual network of Yazd Province are used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
316 - Design of Indirect Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Controller for Inverse Pendulum
Amineh Baberi Maryam Zekri Saeed HosseiniaInverted pendulum system state equations of the form of quality control standard consist two nonlinear functions. Since, ANFIS network is an universal approximator, in this paper, two ANFIS are used to model nonlinear dynamic functions of inverse pendulum. The adaptive MoreInverted pendulum system state equations of the form of quality control standard consist two nonlinear functions. Since, ANFIS network is an universal approximator, in this paper, two ANFIS are used to model nonlinear dynamic functions of inverse pendulum. The adaptive fuzzy rules are applied, such that the feedback linearization control input can be best approximated and the closed-loop system is stable. Simulation results indicate the remarkable capabilities of the proposed control algorithm and good transient response characteristics of the output system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
317 - A Robust Neuro_Adaptive Control of Three Link SCARA Robot with Mass Uncertainty
Mansooreh Taslimi Abbas Chatraei Mojtaba HosseiniThe purpose of this paper is design of a neuro-adaptive controller for SCARA mechanical arm. First, a brief description of the work that has been done on similar systems will be presented and then using the Euler - Lagrange, based on kinetic and potential energy of MoreThe purpose of this paper is design of a neuro-adaptive controller for SCARA mechanical arm. First, a brief description of the work that has been done on similar systems will be presented and then using the Euler - Lagrange, based on kinetic and potential energy of the system, the dynamical equations of system will be calculated. The proposed controller is used to provide a suitable Lyapunov function, expression and comparative law will guarantee the stability of the closed loop system. All signals in the closed loop system are limited and the error signal tends asymptotically to origin. The control system is designed to demonstrate the efficacy of proposed controller on three links SCARA robot is implemented, the results of the controller performance guarantees. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
318 - Output Feedback Controller Design for Multi-Agent Systems with Dynamic Heterogeneity in the Presence of Parameter Uncertainty and Exogenous Disturbances
Badrozaman Hosseini Mehdi SojoodiThis paper is concerned with network based leader following consensus for a distributed multi agent system with interval time varying delays in the presence of uncertainty and disturbances. A network based consensus control protocol under a directed graph is proposed. T MoreThis paper is concerned with network based leader following consensus for a distributed multi agent system with interval time varying delays in the presence of uncertainty and disturbances. A network based consensus control protocol under a directed graph is proposed. The nonlinear time varying coefficients derived from Jenson's integral inequality is approximated with an estimation method. Finally with convex combination, less conservative stability criteria are provided. In this method, the output feedback H∞ control is proposed to leader following consensus and robust stability of the closed loop system. In the presence of uncertainty and disturbances in the system, using H∞ control along with dynamic output feedback controller has led to better results in tracking the reference signal. This study provides H∞inf stability criteria in the forms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and convex programming standard form. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the obtained theorems and results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
319 - Adaptive Load Shedding Analysis in Power Systems by Using Artificial Neural Network
Rahmatolah Hooshmand Majid moazzamiThe stability of frequency and voltage is one of the basic principles in the power systems. One of the latest control measures for power system frequency control and stability is load shedding. A fast and optimal adaptive load shedding method using Artificial Neural Net MoreThe stability of frequency and voltage is one of the basic principles in the power systems. One of the latest control measures for power system frequency control and stability is load shedding. A fast and optimal adaptive load shedding method using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is presented in this paper. In this paper, the total power generation and the total existing load in power system were selected as the ANN inputs. This method has been tested on theNew England test system. The simulation results show the ability of this frequency control algorithm for optimal solving problem related to conventional method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
320 - Coordinated Control of FACTS Devices by Using ADALINE Neural Network to Enhance the Transient Stability of Power System
Mehdi Ghasemi Ali Reza Roosta Bahador FaniIn order to improve transient stability and increase the system damping, this paper introduces a specific way of coordination between FACTS devices (TCSC and SVC). In order to improve the performance and use all the features of TCSC and SVC (presented in this article), MoreIn order to improve transient stability and increase the system damping, this paper introduces a specific way of coordination between FACTS devices (TCSC and SVC). In order to improve the performance and use all the features of TCSC and SVC (presented in this article), it is necessary a controller be used in which does not have the limitations of other controllers and simply be also able to quickly respond and adapt to the power system model. Hence, these features can be found in the intelligent controllers in which the ADALINE network is one of them. To better understand the performance of the ADALINE network controller; this controller will be compared with a controller which is designed by the optimal control parameters (LQR). The instruments used for FACTS are from the injection type and therefore, it is possible to use a fixed factorization ybus matrix in the calculations. Simulation results using non-linear network show that the ADALINE neural network controller has better performance than the LQR controller and can cause significant improvement on damping and transmission ability in the power system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
321 - Improvement of Performance Range of Centrifugal Compressors Gas by Surge Line Modification Using Active Controller Based on Fuzzy Logic
Pezhman Mohammadi Maryam Jedi Farid Sheikholeslam Mostafa GhayourIn this work, surge of prevention is a critical problem in oil and gas industries, particularly when return gas flow or gas flow reduces in transportation of gas pipelines. This paper is illustrated new results about surge control of centrifugal compressors .surge pheno MoreIn this work, surge of prevention is a critical problem in oil and gas industries, particularly when return gas flow or gas flow reduces in transportation of gas pipelines. This paper is illustrated new results about surge control of centrifugal compressors .surge phenomenon is flow unsteady state in compressors which causes damages seriously in compressor construction. Furthermore, it also demonstrates in comparison with anti surge control ،active surge control expands stability range.Active surge control which based on fuzzy logic،is the main idea that used in this investigation. Using fuzzy controller causes an improvement in compressor's condition and increase performance range of the compressor, in addition to prevention of any instability in compressor. The simulation results is also satisfactory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
322 - Design and Simulation of a Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) with low power consumption and high gain in 2.4GHz frequency for wireless systems
Esmaeel Karimi Ebrahim BorzabadiAbstract: This paper presents the design and simulation of low-noise amplifier (LNA) with .18CMOS technology in 2.4GHz frequency addressed, the process HSPICE RF simulation software has been done. Using cascode structure leads to lower power consumption with higher volt MoreAbstract: This paper presents the design and simulation of low-noise amplifier (LNA) with .18CMOS technology in 2.4GHz frequency addressed, the process HSPICE RF simulation software has been done. Using cascode structure leads to lower power consumption with higher voltage gain and power gain. Matching network was used in the design of this circuit has a very good improves on the parameter S11 and allows to have a good control on the real part of the impedance of circuit by appropriate selection of matching network in input and output. By right choosing of circuit elements in this structure can have an approllllojjpriate compromise among the circuit parameters like noise figure, gain, power and stability to reaching noise figure (NF), input reflection coefficient and low power consumption with high gain. In the 2.4GHz frequencyl with 1.8V supply voltage and 1.9 mW power consumption, the circuit parameters are: NF=1.21dB, Av=28.dB, S11=-29.25dB, S12=-35.49dB, S21=18.46dB Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
323 - Designing a Fuzzy Adaptive Controller for a Rigid joint Two Link Non-Linear Manipulator with Uncertainty
Maryam Montazeri Seyed Hamid MahmoodianThis paper presents a control approach to the fuzzy-adaptive control scheme for rigid manipulators with unknown parameters. Lagrange’s method is employed for computing robot motion dynamics. Stability analysis guaranteed through Lyapunov’s theory using some MoreThis paper presents a control approach to the fuzzy-adaptive control scheme for rigid manipulators with unknown parameters. Lagrange’s method is employed for computing robot motion dynamics. Stability analysis guaranteed through Lyapunov’s theory using some suitable adaptive rules that make sure all signals in the closed-loop system are bounded and tracking error ones asymptotically reaches to zero. Compared with other controllers, there are some numerical simulations that verify effectiveness of the proposed method. Also, simulation results verify that the proposed controller can deal with uncertainties in the system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
324 - A Reliable Routing Protocol for Wireless Vehicular Networks
Mohsen Madani Seyed Ahmad Motamedi Mostafa MohammadiRecently, much attention has been paid to Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET). VANETs address direct communication between vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicles to roadside units (RSUs). They are similar to the Mobile and Ad hoc Networks (MANET) in their rapid and dynamic networ MoreRecently, much attention has been paid to Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET). VANETs address direct communication between vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicles to roadside units (RSUs). They are similar to the Mobile and Ad hoc Networks (MANET) in their rapid and dynamic network topology changes due to the fast motion of nodes. High mobility of nodes and network resources limitations have made the routing, one of the most important challenges in VANET researches. Therefore, guaranteeing a stable and reliable routing algorithm over VANET is one of the main steps to realize an effective vehicular communications. In this paper, a two-step AODV-based routing protocol is proposed for VANET networks. At first, node-grouping is done using their mobility information such as speed and movement direction. If the first step cannot respond efficiently, the algorithm enters the second step which uses link expiration time (LET) information in the formation of the groups. The goal of the proposed protocol is increasing the stability of routing algorithm by selecting long-lived routes and decreasing link breakages. The comparison of proposed algorithm with AODV and DSR protocols is performed via the Network Simulator NS-2. It is shown that the proposed algorithm increases the delivery ratio and also decreases the routing control overhead. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
325 - An Analytical study on the buckling behavior of cracked column based on the physical properties of the Dirac delta function
Hadi Dehghan Manshadi Roham Reyhani Mohammad Ali Dashti rahmat abadiThe Dirac delta function provides a simple and effective tool for representing point loads and singularities in structural problems, often leading to closed-form solutions. In this study, we investigate the analytical solution for a two-end pinned column with one or two MoreThe Dirac delta function provides a simple and effective tool for representing point loads and singularities in structural problems, often leading to closed-form solutions. In this study, we investigate the analytical solution for a two-end pinned column with one or two cracks. Although this problem has been the subject of much research in recent years, the currently available methods for solving it, impose remarkable high computational cost. Therefore, in this study, a new approach has been used to solve the problem using the property of the Dirac delta function. This approach simplifies the problem-solving process and significantly reduces the computational cost. Based on this, the crack is modelled with a bilateral behaviour via Dirac delta function. This model takes into account the crack closure effect on buckling behaviour of column by introducing a suitable switching criterion, which allows each crack to be open or closed depending on the sign of the axial strain at the crack centre. The proposed method was used to finding the buckling load, determining the effects of crack stiffness for both one and two-crack scenarios, and accounting for the effect(s) of crack opening and closing on the buckling load. For validation purposes, the finite element software SAP2000 was utilized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
326 - Effects of Military Vehicles on the Behavior of Soil-Steel Structures
Sirous Kazemy Rouzbeh DabiriMain idea of present research is evaluation of statically behavior of soil-steel structures under military vehicles loading. For this purpose, a soil-steel structure with horseshoe shape profile with maximum span equal to 9.88 meters considered. According to Code No.139 MoreMain idea of present research is evaluation of statically behavior of soil-steel structures under military vehicles loading. For this purpose, a soil-steel structure with horseshoe shape profile with maximum span equal to 9.88 meters considered. According to Code No.139 Tank weight affected on numerical model. Plates dimensions based on CHBDC code were selected. In present study, analyses in three position were performed. These positions are based on variations of earth fill, types of soil-steel structure plates and location of loading. Numerical analysis was carried out by Plaxis program in 2D condition and according to finite element method. Results of this study showed that, in soil with suitable geotechnical properties (i.e. increasing elastic modulus and internal friction angle), stability of soil-steel structure go up and settlement values decreases. Also, types of plate in soil-steel structure can be effective in behavior. So that, plates with high thickness and more flexibility is useful for application in soil-steel structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
327 - Stochastic Sensitivity Analysis in Data Envelopment Analysis
Nasim Arabjazi Mohsen Rostamy-Malkhalifeh Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi Mohammad Hasan Behzadi -
Open Access Article
328 - Construction of New Implicit Milstein-Type Scheme for Solution of the Systems of SODEs
Hassan Ranjbar Younes Akbari Hadis Derikvandi -
Open Access Article
329 - Numerical Simulation and Methodology Based on Improved Split Step Method for Studying Stochastic Models
Leila Torkzadeh Hassan Ranjbar -
Open Access Article
330 - The Stability of Generalized Jordan Derivations Associated with Hochschild 2-Cocycles of Triangular Algebras
Rohollah Bakhshandeh Isa Bakhshandeh -
Open Access Article
331 - The impact of health expenditure on the stability of the banking sector considering the role of financial literacy and financial inclusion: a case study of selected oil countries
marwan abdolrazagh matar hosein sharifi renani adeeb GHasem SHandi bahar hafeziIntroduction: The banking industry is very important in the global economy; therefore, the stability of this sector is important and it is necessary to examine the factors affecting it. Among these factors, we can refer to health expenses. Inclusion and financial litera MoreIntroduction: The banking industry is very important in the global economy; therefore, the stability of this sector is important and it is necessary to examine the factors affecting it. Among these factors, we can refer to health expenses. Inclusion and financial literacy are also mentioned as other factors affecting banking stability. Methods: In order to analyze the data, panel data regression method was used. The statistical sample of the research is 12 selected oil exporting countries including Algeria, Indonesia, Ecuador, Iraq, Iran, Libya, Kuwait, Nigeria, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Angola and UAE. Results: The findings of the research showed that the health expenditure variable had positive and significant effects on the bank stability variable. Financial inclusion had negative and significant effects on banking stability variable, while financial literacy had positive and significant effects on banking stability in the studied countries. Conclusion: A strong health care system provides improved medical facilities, which increases the ability and longevity of households. This increase in life expectancy and ability improves the income of households, and as a result, the amount of savings and bank deposits has increased, which can improve the financial stability of banks through the strengthening of banks' capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
332 - انتخاب مقادیر مناسب HLB برای امولسیون پایدار عسل-شی باتر و اثربخشی آن در درمان زخم سوختگی شیمیایی
جانسون ایساک عایشا دابوری کنچوکوو بن- اومه بنت ایفانی فیلیپ بیلدرزBackground & Aim: Since ancient times till today, honey and shea butter are used in wound treatment. This present study aims to determine an effective hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) value that will produce a stable W/O honey-shea butter emulsion and to evaluate MoreBackground & Aim: Since ancient times till today, honey and shea butter are used in wound treatment. This present study aims to determine an effective hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) value that will produce a stable W/O honey-shea butter emulsion and to evaluate its healing potential on chemical burn wound in mice.Experimental: Using various ratios of span 20/tween 20, 6 formulations of honey-shea butter emulsion were prepared and subjected to accelerated stability study as per ICH guideline. The most stable preparation was further evaluated for its wound healing ability. The animals were sacrificed via chloroform inhalation after treatment for 7 days from wound created by dropping 0.2 ml, hydrochloric acid for 15 sec. The burn area was harvested and subjected to histopathological study.Results: Most stable emulsion was those prepare with ratio 5:5 of span 20/ tween 20. Haematoxylin-eosin and Verhoeff-Van Gieson stain revealed that groups treated with this emulsion had normal fibroblast, fibrocyte, epidermal cells, inflammatory cells, gland cells, collagen and elastic fibres; outperforming honey, shea butter and silver sulfadiazine groups. The present formulation gave a percent wound contraction of 36, while those of honey, shea butter, silver sulfadiazine were 29, 25 and 28, respectively. The occlusive effect of emulsion and the synergistic effect achieved by combining honey and shea butter could also be responsible for its superior wound healing activity.Recommended applications/industries: Our study concluded that honey-shea butter prepared with 5:5 span 20/tween 20 was relatively stable and possesses greater wound healing activity compared to commercial preparation and can safely be utilize as an effective natural therapy for burn wound. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
333 - بررسی مقایسهای برخی ویژگیهای بیوشیمیایی ایزوآنزیمهای پراکسیداز در گیاه رزماری (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)
شیلر شمس سارا خاوری نژاد اکرم عیدیمقدمه و هدف: رزماری با نام علمی(Rosmarinus officinalis L.) شامل گونههایی است که از ارزش دارویی و غذایی بالایی برخوردار میباشند. با توجه به اهمیت سیستم آنزیمی آنتیاکسیدانی به عنوان یکی از عوامل مؤثر در افزایش ضریب مقاومت گیاهان Moreمقدمه و هدف: رزماری با نام علمی(Rosmarinus officinalis L.) شامل گونههایی است که از ارزش دارویی و غذایی بالایی برخوردار میباشند. با توجه به اهمیت سیستم آنزیمی آنتیاکسیدانی به عنوان یکی از عوامل مؤثر در افزایش ضریب مقاومت گیاهان به تنش­های محیطی مختلف، در این تحقیق برخی از خواص بیوشیمیایی آنزیمهای کاتالاز و پراکسیداز گیاه رزماریدر سه حالت مختلف مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: گیاه رزماری پس از تهیه از گلخانه در منزل نگهداری شد و برای حالت زنده بهطور مستقیم و برای حالت جدا شده از ساقه، 10 روز برگهای گیاه در مجاورت هوا قرار گرفت. برای حالت خشک نیز ابتدا 10 روز برگها در مجاورت هوا قرار گرفت سپس با کمک ماکروویو با توان 100% و به مدت 2 دقیقه به طور کامل خشک شد و سپس عصارهگیری از هریک بهصورت جداگانه انجام شد. آنزیم کاتالاز (EC 1.11.1.6) و پراکسیداز (EC 1.11.1.7) از برگهای این گیاه با استفاده از بافر فسفات M 1/0 با pH 2/7 استخراج شدند. نتایج و بحث: نتایج حاصل از ژل الکتروفورز عصاره رزماری، وجود یک ایزو آنزیم کاتالاز با pH بهینه 7 و وجود سه ایزو آنزیم پراکسیداز با pH های بهینه 5 و 7 در این گیاه را تأیید نمود. در آنزیم پراکسیداز ایزو آنزیم فعال در pH 5 در مقایسه با ایزو آنزیم فعال در 7 pH نسبت به افزایش دما در گیاه زنده مقاومتر است. همچنین آنزیم کاتالاز نیز نسبت به پراکسیداز دارای مقاومت بالاتری میباشد و طی تنش فعالیت خود را افزایش میدهد. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: این پژوهش نشان داد که گیاه رزماری به دلیل وجود ترکیبات آنتیاکسیدانی چون آنزیمهای کاتالاز و پراکسیداز میتواند بهعنوان یک منبع ارزان و قابل دسترس برای استخراج این ترکیبات باشد و همچنین نتایج این تحقیق با به دست آوردن راندمان بیشتر مواد مؤثره گیاهی، می­تواند کمک بزرگی به صنعت داروسازی نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
334 - The Confrontation of Violence of Hegemony and Terrorism in Iraq
Shahrouz Shariati Akram MirzadehAbstract The recent developments in the Arabian Middle East countries particularly Iraq have attracted the attention of international relations observers but what has turned the region into an explosive situation is the expansion of terrorist activities of radical Isla MoreAbstract The recent developments in the Arabian Middle East countries particularly Iraq have attracted the attention of international relations observers but what has turned the region into an explosive situation is the expansion of terrorist activities of radical Islamic groups and the military presence and violent and hegemonic measures of the United States in confronting the phenomenon. On this basis, the examination and analysis of terrorism and hegemonic suppression of it and the role of these two phenomena in intensifying each other needs to be explained because it is one of the important problems in the Middle East today. The paper attempts to evaluate the picture and outcome coming out of the interaction and confrontation between terrorism and iron hand suppression of it. In fact the paper wants to examine the causes of growth and expansion of terrorism in the Arabian Middle Eat with emphasis on relations between hegemonic suppression of terrorism and terrorism in Iraq. The article takes the help of historical descriptive, analytical method and statistics to prove the hypothesis. The finding of the study shows that the growth and expansion of terrorism in the Arabian Middle East is the product of employing explicit and implicit violence by the United States hegemonic stability strategy and the relation between hegemonic stability and terrorism in Middle East is evaluated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
335 - Comparison of the role of political stability in the pattern of development of Malaysia and Turkey with the Islamic-Iranian model of progress
Amirebrahim Rasouli Gholam Reza Khaje SarvariThe countries of Iran, Turkey and Malaysia are three Islamic countries that are similar in terms of internal characteristics; all three are Muslim countries with a wide variety of ethnic and cultural diversity, which in the past have been tallied in the less developed c MoreThe countries of Iran, Turkey and Malaysia are three Islamic countries that are similar in terms of internal characteristics; all three are Muslim countries with a wide variety of ethnic and cultural diversity, which in the past have been tallied in the less developed countries, and almost simultaneously, Design the progress model. The Islamic Republic of Iran has been combined with Western modernization patterns and designs. The present study is an analytical descriptive study to evaluate the development patterns in the three countries. The strategic, strategic and strategic criterion in these countries is the impact and performance of this stability in the development of the country. Comparison of the pattern of progress in these countries showed that in all three models, the principles of Islam and the practice of Islamic principles are considered and the ultimate goal of governments in developing the country is to achieve the human goals of Islam, such as social justice and the elimination of poverty. The most effective and successful model of progress for any country is a model that is designed based on its political, social, cultural, and religious characteristics, with the emphasis and inspiration from the successful experiences of advanced countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
336 - Perspective on Ethnic Conflict in Pakistan: the Case Study Karachi City
Mohammad Sadegh koushki Seyed Mahmoud HossiniAbstract: Pakistan as an important country is the Islamic world, after independence has always faced internal, political, economic and social instability. One of the factors that accelerate the instability is ethnic conflict. In this regard Karachi as an important indu MoreAbstract: Pakistan as an important country is the Islamic world, after independence has always faced internal, political, economic and social instability. One of the factors that accelerate the instability is ethnic conflict. In this regard Karachi as an important industrial and economic center of Pakistan faces the worst ethnic conflict and separatist demands. What is the root cause and nature of these ethnic conflicts? The present article tries to analyze the factors that destabilize Pakistan with emphasis on multi aspect nature of ethnic conflict. It also highlights the cause and grounds of ethnic conflict in both domestic as well as external dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
337 - Photo corrosion of titania nanotubes within water splitting reaction
Shahab Khameneh Asl Deniz Unar -
Open Access Article
338 - Effect of textural properties of Ni (Nano)-supported catalysts on the selective benzene hydrogenation in the vapor phase
Nastaran Parsafard Mohammad Hasan Peyrovi Mahdi Abdali Hajiabadi -
Open Access Article
339 - یک مدل شبکه عصبی بازگشتی برای حل مدل CCR در تحلیل پوششی داده ها
معصومه عباسی عباس قماشیدر این مقاله ما یک شبکه عصبی برای حل مدل CCR در تحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) معرفی می کنیم. مدل شبکه عصبی پیشنهادی از یک مسئله مینیمم سازی نامقید حاصل می شود. از دیدگاه تئوری، نشان داده می شود که شبکه عصبی پیشنهادی به مفهوم لیاپانف پایدار و همگرای عمومی به جواب بهینه مدل C Moreدر این مقاله ما یک شبکه عصبی برای حل مدل CCR در تحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) معرفی می کنیم. مدل شبکه عصبی پیشنهادی از یک مسئله مینیمم سازی نامقید حاصل می شود. از دیدگاه تئوری، نشان داده می شود که شبکه عصبی پیشنهادی به مفهوم لیاپانف پایدار و همگرای عمومی به جواب بهینه مدل CCR می باشد. مدل پیشنهادی ساختار تک لایه دارد. با یک مثال عددی موثر بودن مدل پیشنهادی برای حل مدل CCR در DEA نشان داده می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
340 - یک روش برای حل مسائل برنامه ریزی درجه دوم محدب بر پایه معادلات جبری- دیفرانسیلی
معصومه عباسیدر این مقاله، یک مدل بر پایه معادلات جبری دیفرانسیلی برای حل مسائل برنامه ریزی درجه دوم محدب پیشنهاد می گردد. ثابت می شود رهیافت جدید تضمین می نماید که جواب بهینه برای حل این کلاس از مسائل بهینه سازی را تولید نماید. این مقاله همچنین نشان می دهد روش های نقطه درونی سنتی ب Moreدر این مقاله، یک مدل بر پایه معادلات جبری دیفرانسیلی برای حل مسائل برنامه ریزی درجه دوم محدب پیشنهاد می گردد. ثابت می شود رهیافت جدید تضمین می نماید که جواب بهینه برای حل این کلاس از مسائل بهینه سازی را تولید نماید. این مقاله همچنین نشان می دهد روش های نقطه درونی سنتی برای حل مسائل برنامه ریزی درجه دوم محدب می توانند به عنوان حالت ویژه ای از روش های معادلات جبری دیفرانسیلی جدید دیده شوند. نتایج عددی کارایی مدل پیشنهادی را نشان می دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
341 - Stability Theorem and Results for Quadrupled Fixed Point of Contractive Type Single Valued Operators
Samuel Aniki Kamilu Rauf -
Open Access Article
342 - Stability and Iterative Procedures for Quadrupled Fixed Point in Partially Ordered Metric Spaces
Samuel Aniki -
Open Access Article
343 - حل عددی معادلات انتگرال فردهلم و ولترا با استفاده از چندجمله ای های مونتز- لژاندر نرمال شده
فرشته صائمی حمیده ابراهیمی محمود شفیعیتحقیق حاضر، تابع مجهول را بر اساس چند جمله ایهای مونتز- لژاندر نرمال شده تقریب می زند که مربوط به یک روش طیفی برای حل معادلات انتگرال فردهلم و ولترای غیرخطی است. در این روش، با استفاده از ماتریسهای عملیاتی یک دستگاه معادلات جبری بدست می آید که با استفاده از طرح نیوتن به Moreتحقیق حاضر، تابع مجهول را بر اساس چند جمله ایهای مونتز- لژاندر نرمال شده تقریب می زند که مربوط به یک روش طیفی برای حل معادلات انتگرال فردهلم و ولترای غیرخطی است. در این روش، با استفاده از ماتریسهای عملیاتی یک دستگاه معادلات جبری بدست می آید که با استفاده از طرح نیوتن به راحتی می توان آن را حل کرد. پایداری، کران خطا و آنالیز همگرایی روش با ارائه چند قضیه به تفضیل مورد بحث قرار گرفته است. برای نشان دادن کارآیی روش پیشنهاد شده، چند مثال مشخص شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
344 - استفاده از روشهای تفاضل متناهی غیر استاندارد برای حل معادله شرودینگر تبدیل شده به ODE
فرنوش ایزدی -
Open Access Article
345 - A NONLINEAR MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR ASTHMA: EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
NARESHA RAM Agraj Tripathi -
Open Access Article
346 - Investigation the effects of bacterial additive and moisture absorbent on the fermentability and nutrient composition of potato silage
Mehran Jalili Hamid Mohammadzadeh علی حسینخانی اکبر تقی زاده -
Open Access Article
347 - مقایسه منابع مختلف سلنیوم و ویتامین E در جیره مرغهای تخمگذار و اثرات آنها بر سلنیوم و کلسترول تخم مرغ، کیفیت و ثبات اکسیداتیو
ف. اسدی ف. شریعتمداری م.ا. کریمی ترشیزی م. محیطی اصلی م. قناعت پرست رشتیآزمایشی برای مقایسه اثرات مکمل سازی جیره مرغ­های تخمگذار با منابع غیرآلی و آلی مختلف سلنیوم بر کیفیت و ثبات اکسیداتیو تخم مرغ در مدت نگهداری انجام شد. تعداد 81 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار لهمن LSL سفید در سن 35 هفتگی در قفس در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 9 گروه تیماری، 3 تکرار و 3 Moreآزمایشی برای مقایسه اثرات مکمل سازی جیره مرغ­های تخمگذار با منابع غیرآلی و آلی مختلف سلنیوم بر کیفیت و ثبات اکسیداتیو تخم مرغ در مدت نگهداری انجام شد. تعداد 81 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار لهمن LSL سفید در سن 35 هفتگی در قفس در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 9 گروه تیماری، 3 تکرار و 3 قطعه پرنده در هر تکرار تقسیم شدند. مرغ­های هر گروه با جیره مربوطه که شامل جیره پایه با سلنیت سدیم، مخمر غنی از سلنیوم، سیتوپلکس-سلنیوم و سلنومکس در دو سطح مختلف از 3/0 و 6/0 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم، یا 200 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم ویتامین E تغذیه شدند. به منظور جلوگیری از چالش قضاوت نام تجاری، حروف A، B و C برای منابع آلی مختلف سلنیوم استفاده شد. پس از 56 روز تغذیه جیره­های آزمایشی، تخم مرغ­های تولیدی مرغ­ها برای آزمایش جمع­آوری شدند. افت وزن تخم مرغ در مدت ذخیره­سازی در دمای 4 درجه در گروه تغذیه شده با 3/0 میلی­گرم از منبع B سلنیوم در کیلوگرم خوراک کمتر بود (05/0>P). گروه­های تغذیه شده با ویتامین E و سلنیوم میزان مالون­دی­آلدئید کمتری از آنهایی که جیره مکمل نشده مصرف نمودند، داشتند (01/0>P). منبع C سلنیوم آلی در مقایسه با دیگر منابع سلنیوم یا گروه شاهد مالون­دی­آلدئید کمتری داشت. مکمل نمودن سلنیوم در جیره غلظت سلنیوم زرده را افزایش داد (01/0>P) و اثر منبع C سلنیوم بیشتر بود. مکمل­سازی سلنیوم و ویتامین E سبب کاهش محتوای کلسترول سرم و زرده شد (01/0>P). نتایج نشان می­دهد که اثربخشی منبع C سلنیوم آلی برای افزایش ذخیره سلنیوم در تخم مرغ و بهبود کیفیت تخم مرغ در مقایسه با سایر منابع سلنیوم بیشتر است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
348 - The Effect of a Silage Inoculant on Silage Quality, Aerobic Stability and Milk Production
Y. Acosta-Aragon J. Jatkauskas V. Vrotniakiene -
Open Access Article
349 - اثر جلبک گونه سارگاسوم و ویتامین E بر ماندگاری گوشت غنی شده با روغن ماهی در جوجههای گوشتی
ف. آرمین ش. رحیمی ع. مهدی آبکنار ی. غفرانی ایواری ح. ابراهیمیاین مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثر جلبک قهوه­ای دریایی و ویتامین E بر ماندگاری گوشت مرغ غنی شده با روغن ماهی انجام شد. در این آزمایش 360 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یکروزه (آربوراکرز پلاس) که به صورت تصادفی در 6 تیمار با 4 تکرار شامل 15 جوجه اختصاص داده شدند. گروههای آزمایشی شامل: Moreاین مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثر جلبک قهوه­ای دریایی و ویتامین E بر ماندگاری گوشت مرغ غنی شده با روغن ماهی انجام شد. در این آزمایش 360 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یکروزه (آربوراکرز پلاس) که به صورت تصادفی در 6 تیمار با 4 تکرار شامل 15 جوجه اختصاص داده شدند. گروههای آزمایشی شامل: گروه مصرف کننده جیره پایه (ذرت و سویا)، جیره پایه به همراه روغن ماهی، جیره پایه به همراه ویتامین E، جیره پایه به همراه روغن ماهی و ویتامین E، جیره پایه به همراه روغن ماهی و 5 درصد جلبک دریایی خشک شده و جیره پایه به همراه روغن ماهی و 10 درصد جلبک دریایی خشک شده بودند. روغن ماهی و ویتامینE در 2 هفته آخر پرورش استفاده شد. جوجهها در روز 42 کشتار شده و نمونههای گوشت تهیه شده در دمای 4 درجه سانتی گراد نگهداری شدند. میزان مالون­دیآلدهید موجود در نمونهها در روزهای 0، 3 و 6 بعد از کشتار اندازهگیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که روغن ماهی باعث افزایش پراکسیداسیون گوشت شده و گذشت زمان باعث افزایش شدت آن میشود. تیمارهای دریافت کننده ویتامین E پایینترین میزان مالون­دیآلدهید را نشان داند و همچنین باعث افزایش ماندگاری گوشت­های غنی شده با روغن ماهی شدند. مصرف 10 درصد جلبک دریایی ماندگاری گوشت نواحی سینه و ران را در روزهای 3 و 6 بعد از کشتار افزایش داد. بررسی پروفیل اسیدهای چرب نشان داد که استفاده از روغن ماهی باعث انباشت معنی دار اسید چرب امگا 3 در عضلههای ران و سینه میشود. همچنین مصرف همزمان روغن ماهی با جلبک دریایی باعث افزایش انباشت امگا 3 در عضله ران شد. ازطرفی مصرف جلبک دریایی سبب کاهش معنی دار میزان کلسترول و تری­گلیسیرید سرم خون جوجه­ها شد. به صورت کلی مصرف ویتامین E و جلبک قهوهای دریایی باعث افزایش ماندگاری گوشتهای غنی شده با امگا 3 شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
350 - ارتباط افزودنیهای زیستی و شیمیایی با ترکیب مواد مغذی، ضایعات کُل و پروفایل میکروبی و تخمیری سیلوی نیشکر
اچ.ام.سی. اراکی ای.آر. د اُلیویرا جی.آر. گندرا آر.اچ. تی.بی. د گواِس سی.اس. تکیا آ.جی. جکواَنا کا.ام.پی. د اُلیویرا دی.ان. وسکواِس ان.آر. برندااُ کنسلو تی.آ. دل واله ان. دوآن اُرباچهدف از این مطالعه، تعیین اثرات یک تلقیح باکتریایی و افزودنی­های شیمیایی روی ترکیب مواد مغذی، تجزیه آزمایشگاهی، ضایعات کُل، ثبات هوازی، کیفیت میکروبی و پروفایل تخمیری سیلوی نیشکر بوده است. تیمارها در 48 سیلوی کوچک در قالب فاکتوریل 4 × 2 (دو سطح تلقیح میکروبی (I Moreهدف از این مطالعه، تعیین اثرات یک تلقیح باکتریایی و افزودنی­های شیمیایی روی ترکیب مواد مغذی، تجزیه آزمایشگاهی، ضایعات کُل، ثبات هوازی، کیفیت میکروبی و پروفایل تخمیری سیلوی نیشکر بوده است. تیمارها در 48 سیلوی کوچک در قالب فاکتوریل 4 × 2 (دو سطح تلقیح میکروبی (INO، 0 یا 4 گرم به ازای هر تُن نیشکر تازه) و سه افزودنی شیمیایی (CHE، CaO، NaCl و اوره به میزان 10 گرم در هر کیلوگرم)) توزیع شدند. ارتباط INOو اوره بالاترین مقادیر ماده خشک (DM) و فیبر محلول در شوینده خنثی در شرایط تجزیه آزمایشگاهی را داشت. تیمارهای با تلقیح و افزودنی­های شیمیایی ضایعات گازی (گرم به ازای هر کیلوگرم) کاهش دادند. رابطه INO و CHE مقدار باکتری­های اسید لاکتیک را افزایش داد. رابطه INO و CHE منجر به اثر هم­افزایی برای کاهش تولید اتانول و افزایش تولید اسید لاکتیک شد. تلقیح و CHE اثر هم­افزایی مثبت بر ضایعات کُل، بازیابی ماده خشک، پروفایل میکروبی و تولید اتانول و اسید لاکتیک داشت. تیمارهای حاوی اوره DM بزرگتر در تجزیه آزمایشگاهی و ثبات هوازی بیشتر در مقایسه با سایر افزودنی­های شیمیایی داشتند. ارتباط INO و CHE اثر مثبتی بر ترکیب شیمیایی، تجزیه آزمایشگاهی، ضایعات کُل، ثبات هوازی و پروفایل میکروبی و تخمیری سیلوی نیشکر داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
351 - اثرات سطوح مختلف اسانسهای زردچوبه و رزماری بر عملکرد و ثبات اکسیداتیو گوشت جوجههای گوشتی
م. قرهجانلو م. مهری ف. شیرمحمدآزمایش حاضر به منظور بررسی اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف اسانسهای زردچوبه و رزماری بر عملکرد و ثبات اکسیداتیو گوشت جوجههای گوشتی انجام گرفت. آزمایش با استفاده از 540 قطعه جوجه گوشتی (کاپ 500) در نه تیمار و چهار تکرار در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به روش فاکتوریل سه در سه، Moreآزمایش حاضر به منظور بررسی اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف اسانسهای زردچوبه و رزماری بر عملکرد و ثبات اکسیداتیو گوشت جوجههای گوشتی انجام گرفت. آزمایش با استفاده از 540 قطعه جوجه گوشتی (کاپ 500) در نه تیمار و چهار تکرار در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به روش فاکتوریل سه در سه، متشکل از سه سطح اسانس زردچوبه (0=T1، 75=T2 و 150=T3 میلیگرم اسانس بر کیلوگرم جیره) و سه سطح اسانس رزماری (0=R1، 100=R2 و 200=R3 میلیگرم اسانس بر کیلوگرم جیره) اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار R2T3 و R3T3 در مقایسه با گروه شاهد، در سه هفته اول پرورش سبب افزایش وزن بدن شد (05/0>P). در طول دوره رشد (42-21 روزگی) و نیز در کل دوره، گروه شاهد در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها به استثناء تیمارهای R1T2، R2T3 و R3T1 پایینترین ضریب تبدیل خوراک را داشت (05/0>P). بالاترین وزن نسبی لاشه و ماهیچه ران به ترتیب در جوجه­هایی مشاهده شد که مقدار 75 و 150 میلی­گرم اسانس زردچوبه دریافت کرده بودند (05/0>P). افزودن اسانس زردچوبه به جیره سبب کاهش معنی­دار وزن نسبی پانکراس، پیش­معده، سنگدان و چینه­دان شد (05/0>P). بالاترین وزن نسبی جگر در جوجه­های گروه شاهد مشاهده شد (05/0>P). اندازه­گیری میزان مالون­دی­آلدئید (MDA) گوشت طی 30 روز نگهداری در دمای 20- درجه سانتیگراد نشان داد که همه­ تیمارها، به استثناء تیمارهای R3T2 و R3T3، در مقایسه با گروه شاهد کاهش معنی­داری در MDA نشان دادند (05/0>P). شصت روز پس از نگهداری گوشت در دمای 20- درجه سانتیگراد، کمترین میزان MDA در جوجه­های تیمارهای R1T2، R2T2، R3T3 و R3T1 مشاهده شد (05/0>P). نتایج نشان داد که استفاده همزمان از اسانس زردچوبه و رزماری در جیره، بهبودی در عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی ایجاد نکرد در حالیکه این افزودنی­ها پتانسیل بالایی در بهبود ثبات اکسیداتیو گوشت و کاهش میزان MDA در طی نگهداری 30 و 60 روزه گوشت در دمای 20- درجه سانتیگراد داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
352 - Investigation the Effects of Bacterial Additive and Moisture Absorbent on the Fermentability and Nutrient Composition of Potato Silage
M. Jalili H. Mohammadzadeh A. Hossein-Khani A. Taghizadeh -
Open Access Article
353 - Effect of Amylolytic and Cellulolytic Enzymes on Whole Plant Corn Silage: Characteristics of Silage and Animal Digestion
J.R. Gandra A.T. Nunes E.R. Oliveira M.S.J. Silva C.A. Pedrini F.S. Machado E.R.S. Gandra P.V.C. Mendes A.G.S. Pause -
Open Access Article
354 - Water, Food and Energy Nexus in Modern Irrigation Systems
Samane Arvandi Abbas Zare Mohammad Afshar AslThe issue of water, food and energy security is becoming increasingly important in the face of the current growing population and the intensification of exploitation of limited and non-renewable resources. According to the World Bank, food security is "access of all peo MoreThe issue of water, food and energy security is becoming increasingly important in the face of the current growing population and the intensification of exploitation of limited and non-renewable resources. According to the World Bank, food security is "access of all people to adequate food at all times to have a healthy life", which has three main axes: "food availability", "food access" and "food sustainability". Therefore, the core of food security is access to healthy food and good nutrition. In this research, by the dimensions of security of water, food and energy, the relationship between this concept and land management is discussed. Studying the results of researches show that using modern irrigation systems, concluded expanding new irrigation methods and achieving sustainability, can be achieved Nexus of water, food and energy. The hypotheses that are effective in modern irrigation systems according to the concept of Nexus and land use planning can be evaluated according to the effect of these systems on food production and food security, the effect of systems on reverse migration, balanced distribution and financial resources and less energy consumption and more investment in the systems sector, which with the achievement of each of these cases, the effectiveness of the systems increases and its tremendous impact on land use planning is observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
355 - Biochemical characteristics of red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes as affected by seed pre-treatment with growth regulators .
Mona Mohtashami Ahmad Naderi Ali Akbar Ghanbari Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Shahram Lak -
Open Access Article
356 - Neural Network Model Based on The Control for Transient Stability and Low-Frequency Oscillation in Power System Operation
Amir Bagheran Sharbaf Ali Asghar Shojaei -
Open Access Article
357 - Evaluation of the Satisfaction Level of Residents of Maskan-e-Mehr in Khuzestan Province with an Emphasis on Sustainable Housing (Case Study: Omidiyeh County)
mohammadali firoozi morteza nemati nadya daripourIncreasing the affordable housing crisis and satisfactory housing is considered as a dominant problem for the low-income groups. At national level, Maskan-e-Mehr has been established on the public lands, and often at the suburban areas, as repetitive residential complex MoreIncreasing the affordable housing crisis and satisfactory housing is considered as a dominant problem for the low-income groups. At national level, Maskan-e-Mehr has been established on the public lands, and often at the suburban areas, as repetitive residential complexes with similar forms in certain infrastructure levels which accommodate the low-income groups. The aim of the present paper is the evaluation ofsatisfaction level of residents of maskan-e-mehr according to the effective indicators in sustainable housing (economic, social, cultural, physical, and environmental) in Omidiyeh city. This research has been an applied one, and by using Cochran formula, the sample size was calculated with 241 persons.Data were analyzed by using SPSS software. The results indicate that there were not any meaningful relationship between the pleasant and delightful weather items with Chi-Square of 68/421 and the significance level of 0.310 with the satisfaction of living in Maskan-e-Mehr.Other items related to satisfaction with the satisfaction level of residents of Maskan-E-Mehr has established a very significant relationship at the level of 99%. A total mean of indicators related to the satisfaction level of living in a Maskan-E-Mehr in Omidiyeh city with an average of 2.72 shows that the satisfaction level is evaluated as moderate level to low and weak level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
358 - Graded and Prioritized Rural Areas in Terms of Environmental Instability (Case Study: Districts of Dashti County, Bushehr Province)
P. zyaeian H. Afrakhteh M. Shoghi N. naeimabadisustainable rural development is a process to improve all aspects of rural life through the field and encourage environmental activities in harmony with the capabilities and constraints. In this regard, the main objective will be the sustainable development of rural are Moresustainable rural development is a process to improve all aspects of rural life through the field and encourage environmental activities in harmony with the capabilities and constraints. In this regard, the main objective will be the sustainable development of rural areas habitable to life for current and future generations with particular emphasis on environmental improvement and continuous development of human relations. Studies show that today the socio-economic changes and increasing mobility of human groups, has led to the transformation of the countryside. Therefore, the question of what are the main reasons for instability in rural areas has always been important. The present study has been conducted to investigate this issue. Considering the importance of the issue and the growing instability of the countryside, this case study sought to assess the level of prioritization of rural areas in terms of environmental instability in the villages of Dashti city. The method used in this study was a combination of field and descriptive-analytic. In this study, using the AHP in Software Expert Choice, weighted indexes were determined and then using model Vikor highly unstable districts in the study were examined and districts were ranked according to the severity of instability. The results showed that the drought weighed 0.390 had the greatest weight among factors of instability. And based on the model Vikor, Kabgan district (obtained Q = 0. 994) achieved the highest rank and Shonbe district (obtained Q = 0.000) achieved the lowest rank Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
359 - Evaluating Satisfaction of Mehr Housing with an Emphasis on Social Sustainability (Case Study: Mehr Housing of Yasouj City)
Solomon Mohammadi doost Mohammad Ali Khanizadeh Fariba NamaziyanMehr housing project is the largest national housing scheme that due to its broadness and being a massive new project, it is necessary to examine the results of such experience. Regarding the fact that in the process of urban planning paying attention to social issues a MoreMehr housing project is the largest national housing scheme that due to its broadness and being a massive new project, it is necessary to examine the results of such experience. Regarding the fact that in the process of urban planning paying attention to social issues as an integral part of urban plans is inevitable. We can examine and determine the influential approaches on social concepts by designating social sustainability dimensions. This research was conducted by assuming the lack of social sustainability in residential projects of Mehr housing in Yasouj and its purpose is to identify, evaluate and assess social sustainability indices in Yasouj Mehr housing projects (Sarvak and Terminal). The research method is descriptive _analytical with a practical type. The data collection tools include documentary studies and surveys using questionnaire distribution and interviews with residents. The sample size in this project based on Cochran formula is equal to 300 and the reliability measurement using Cronbach's alpha was 0.81 and data analysis was done using SPSS software. Results, despite enormous difficulties in the above-mentioned project (lack of adequate credit for completing these projects, lack of appropriate public places, absence of educational environment and standard per capita, etc) through the evaluation of social sustainability indicators, site belonging, social trust, social participation, the satisfaction of residents of Sarvak of Mehr housing and Yasouj terminal was estimated at its average level (22/3). This average satisfaction is due to the fact that the residents of these projects are low-income strata of society (disabled and people supported by social institutions). Nevertheless, the apparent fact is that these projects are of low quality when it comes to the standards. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
360 - Measuring of tissues stability (Case study: Ardebil city)
Hojjatollah Rashid kolvir Hasan AkbariUrban tissues as urban ranges which they create during different periods can locate some sectors in their heart and they are regarded as city creator organs or structures and it is necessary to measure for reaching stable city before every planning. So, the aim of curre MoreUrban tissues as urban ranges which they create during different periods can locate some sectors in their heart and they are regarded as city creator organs or structures and it is necessary to measure for reaching stable city before every planning. So, the aim of current study in measuring stability of Ardebil city tissues and sectors. Study statistical society include citizens which they were selected as samples with 390 persons based on Cochrane’s formulae. Sampling method was simple randomized case and questionnaire was distributed and completed for their. In order to field operations obtained data analysis; One Sample t-test was used to stability position measuring; one –way Anova Analysis was used for urban tissues comparison at SPSS software framework and, Electer, Vicor, Topsis and Copland multiple criteria decision models (MCDM) were used to urban tissues ranking in EXCEL framework. One Sample t-test results showed that sector stability with 3/01 mean is in middle level and one –way Anova analysis showed difference between urban tissues according to stability level which in sheffe’s pursue test; Ardebil city tissues were located in non-stable and relative stable classes. At last; Topsis, Electer, Vicor model and Copland combined model showed that planned, organic, semi-organic, combined villages to city and outskirts villages are located at first to fifth ranks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
361 - مقایسه آماره های تجزیه پایداری در تشخیص ژنوتیپ های پایدار و عملکرد بالای اسانس گل محمدی (Rosa damascena Mill.)
بایزید یوسفی سید رضا طبایی عقداییپایداری تولید اسانس گل در ژنوتیپ­های گل محمدی به­عنوان یکی از مهمترین گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران، هنوز کاملا بررسی و مستند نشده است. به­منظور مقایسه آماره­های تشخیص پایداری عملکرد اسانس، شش آماره متفاوت برای 35 ژنوتیپ گل محمدی (Rosa damascena) کشور، کاشت Moreپایداری تولید اسانس گل در ژنوتیپ­های گل محمدی به­عنوان یکی از مهمترین گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران، هنوز کاملا بررسی و مستند نشده است. به­منظور مقایسه آماره­های تشخیص پایداری عملکرد اسانس، شش آماره متفاوت برای 35 ژنوتیپ گل محمدی (Rosa damascena) کشور، کاشت شده به­صورت طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در هفت استان (کردستان، مرکزی، اصفهان، خوزستان، فارس، کرمان و خراسان) و دو سال (2007 و 2008) ارزیابی شد. اختلاف معنی­داری (01/0P<) از لحاظ بازده اسانس بین ژنوتیپ­ها (G)، مکان­ها (L)، محیط­ها (E) و نیز برای اثرات متقابل ژنوتیپ × مکان (GL) و ژنوتیپ× محیط (GE) مشاهده شد. همبستگی مثبت بین واریانس محیطی (S2)، ضریب تغییرات (CV) و ضریب رگرسیون عملکرد بر محیط (b) با بازده اسانس دلالت داشت که فقط ژنوتیپ­های با اسانس پایین فنوتیپ مشابهی را در محیط­های مختلف دارند که این همان پایداری استاتیکاست. ژنوتیپ پایداری با مفهوم استاتیک رگرسیون(b ≈ 0) وجود نداشت و ژنوتیپ­های پایدار (Stable) با S2 هم اسانس بسیار اندکی داشتند، اما برخی ژنوتیپ­های سازگار با CV (مانند KM1) همزمان عملکرد بالا و پایداری­ عملکرد داشتند. ژنوتیپ­های پایدار با مفهوم دینامیک (b ≈ 1 و 0≈Sd2 واریانس انحرافات از خط رگرسیون برابر صفر) عملکرد اسانس متوسطی داشتند. شاخص برتری(P) ژنوتیپ­های با بالاترین اسانس را به­عنوان سازگار معرفی نمود. ژنوتیپ­های پایدار با کمترین واریانس سال در مکان (MSY/P)، حداقل اسانس را تولید کردند. می­توان نتیجه گرفت که ژنوتیپ گل محمدی می­تواند همزمان دارای پایداری استاتیک، دینامیک و عملکرد اسانس بالا باشد. در مجموع آماره ضریب تغییرات (CV)، جنبه دینامیک آماره­های رگرسیون (b ≈ 1, Sd2≈ 0) و شاخص برتری (P) به­عنوان پارامترهای مطلوب برای ارزیابی جنبه های مختلف (استاتیک و دینامیک) پایداری اسانس در گل­محمدی پیشنهاد می­شوند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
362 - اثر نانواکسید روی، اسید سالیسیلیک و سدیم نیتروپروساید روی صفات فیزیولوژیکی و آنزیمی بنفشه معطر تحت رژیمهای آبی مختلف
حمیده باقری داود هاشمآبادی بهمن پاسبان اسلام شهرام صداقت حور اثرات نانواکسید روی (ZnO)، اسید سالیسیلیک (SA) و سدیم نیتروپروساید (SNP) روی بنفشه معطر در شرایط مختلف آبیاری به­صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. عوامل عبارت بودند از تنش خشکی در سه سطح شامل آبیاری در 55 (تنش شدید)، 65 (تنش ملایم) و 85 (شاهد) درصد ظ More اثرات نانواکسید روی (ZnO)، اسید سالیسیلیک (SA) و سدیم نیتروپروساید (SNP) روی بنفشه معطر در شرایط مختلف آبیاری به­صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. عوامل عبارت بودند از تنش خشکی در سه سطح شامل آبیاری در 55 (تنش شدید)، 65 (تنش ملایم) و 85 (شاهد) درصد ظرفیت مزرعه (FC) بر اساس تخلیه آب خاک و استفاده برگی ZnO، SA، SNP و آب مقطر (به عنوان شاهد) در 7 سطح. مقایسه میانگینها نشان داد که بهترین نتایج از اثر متقابل 200 میلیگرم در لیتر SA و آبیاری در سطح 85 درصد FC به­دست آمد و این تیمار روی اکثر صفات اثر مثبت داشت. همچنین تیمار 300 میلیگرم در لیتر و هر دو سطح SNP نسبت به شاهد و نانواکسید روی بهتر بودند. کمترین هدایت روزنهای در SNP 200 میکرومولار در 55 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه به­دست آمد. کمترین مالون­دی آلدئید (MDA) در تیمار 200 میلیگرم در لیتر SA و 85 درصد FC حاصل شد. بیشترین مقدار رطوبت نسبی (RWC) در تیمار 1500 میلیگرم در لیتر نانواکسید روی و 85 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه دیده شد. گیاهان شاهد در 55 درصد FC بیشترین پرولین (62/46 میکروگرم در گرم وزن تر) را داشتند. بالاترین فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز (POD) مربوط به تیمار 1000 میلیگرم در لیتر نانو اکسید روی و بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم آسکوربات پراکسیداز (APX) در تیمار 1500 میلیگرم در لیتر نانواکسید روی در 55 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه به­دست آمد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
363 - نقش (1 -متیل سیکلوپروپن) در بهبود کیفیت پس از برداشت بعضی ارقام گل شاخه بریده رز
فهمی آ.اس. حسنبه­منظور بهبود کیفیت پس از برداشت و پتانسیل صادرات گل بریده رُز (Rosa hybrida L.) ارقام ’هپی آور‘ و ’بوردو‘ اثر 1-MCP به­عنوان یک بازدارنده اتیلن تحت مطالعه قرار گرفت. غلظت­های 1-MCP عبارت بودند از: 3/0، 4/0، 5/0 و 6/0 گرم در متر مکعب Moreبه­منظور بهبود کیفیت پس از برداشت و پتانسیل صادرات گل بریده رُز (Rosa hybrida L.) ارقام ’هپی آور‘ و ’بوردو‘ اثر 1-MCP به­عنوان یک بازدارنده اتیلن تحت مطالعه قرار گرفت. غلظت­های 1-MCP عبارت بودند از: 3/0، 4/0، 5/0 و 6/0 گرم در متر مکعب که برای مدت 18 ساعت در دمای 8 درجه سانتی­گراد مشابه شرایط حمل و نقل گل­ها مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. تیمار 1-MCPدر مقایسه با شاهد، به­صورت معنی­داری عمر گلجایی را افزایش و کاهش وزن را در هر 2 رقم به حداقل رساند، البته پاسخ رقم ’هپی آور‘ نسبت به رقم ’بوردو‘ بهتر و بیشتر بود. تیمار 1-MCP مقدار نسبی آب (RWC) را نیز در گل­ها بهبود بخشید. 1-MCP به صورت معنی­داری تخریب کلروفیل و کربوهیدرات­ها را در طول عمر گلجایی در هر 2 رقم به تاخیر انداخت. تولید اتیلن به صورت معنی­داری توسط 1-MCP کاهش یافت. شاخص ثبات غشا (MSI) در پاسخ به 1-MCP حفظ شد و MDA کاهش یافت. بهترین تیمارها از این نظر به­ترتیب غلظت­های 4/0 و 5/0 برای ارقام ’هپی آور‘ و ’بوردو‘ بودند. تیمار 1-MCP برای ممانعت از اثرات منفی اتیلن روی این دو رقم رُز توصیه می­شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
364 - A study relationship between cultural factors with social participation( case study:25+ citizenship of Bojnurd City)
Ghorbanali Saboktakin RiziThis paper looks for to study the factors affecting the contribution of citizens in paying municipal tolls. Using survey method, the data collected by conducting a self-constructed questionnaire. 500 residents (above 20 years old) were selected as sample by conducting r MoreThis paper looks for to study the factors affecting the contribution of citizens in paying municipal tolls. Using survey method, the data collected by conducting a self-constructed questionnaire. 500 residents (above 20 years old) were selected as sample by conducting random sampling method. Findings showed that the average mean of participation in the payment of municipal tolls among respondents was 31 of 55. In other words, the respondents' participation level in this field was below the average level. Among dimensions of participation, the highest mean was belonging of behavioral dimension and the lowest mean was belonging to propensity or emotional one. The independent variables (i. e. the satisfaction of municipal services, the social responsibility, the citizenship awareness, the sense of anomie in urban management and the sense of belonging to urban and neighborhood) were significantly associated with participation in payment of tolls. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that these variables are able to estimate up to 28% of the dispersion of the payment of tolls. Finally, the results showed that deducting and tacking tolls as local taxes shall be consistent with the economic condition of citizens, to increase the public participation in paying of local taxation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
365 - بررسی نقش کشاورزی حفاظتی بر پایداری ساختمان خاک درراستای نیل به مدیریت پایدار
سحر دعایی ابراهیم پذیرا شهلا محمودی علی محمدی ترکاشوندکشاورزی حفاظتی برای جبران نیاز افزایش تولید محصولات کشاورزی براساس فعالیت­های کشاورزی پایدار به عنوان یک جایگزین با هدف افزایش تولید و پایداری محصول همراه با حفظ محیط زیست منظور میشود. در مدیریت پایدار خاک ضروری اسـت کـه کیفیـت خاک ارزیابی گردد. روش خاک Moreکشاورزی حفاظتی برای جبران نیاز افزایش تولید محصولات کشاورزی براساس فعالیت­های کشاورزی پایدار به عنوان یک جایگزین با هدف افزایش تولید و پایداری محصول همراه با حفظ محیط زیست منظور میشود. در مدیریت پایدار خاک ضروری اسـت کـه کیفیـت خاک ارزیابی گردد. روش خاک­ورزی یکی از مدیریتهایی است که به شدت بر ساختمان خاک تاثیردارد. انتخاب درست روش خاک­ورزی بر عملکرد محصول،کیفیت خاک، میزان مصرف نهادهها تاثیر قابل ملاحظهای دارد. انتخاب سیستم­های خاک­ورزی مناسب براساس شرایط هر منطقه از جمله آب وهوا، نوع خاک، نوع بقایای گیاهی، قدرت کششی در دسترس و غیره متفاوت است. پایداری خاک­دانهها یکی ازخصوصیات اصلی موثر برفرسایشپذیری و ویژگیهای اصلی فیزیکی و هیدرولیکی خاک است. شناخت اجزای کنترل کننده پایداری خاک­دانهها برای حفظ ساختمان خاک بسیار مهم است. این تحقیق به صورت مقاله مروری با هدف بررسی نقش خاک­ورزی بر روی پایداری خاک­دانه­ها و ساختمان خاک در دستیابی به توسعه پایدارکشاورزی صورت گرفته است. با توجه به مزیت­های روش خاک­ورزی حفاظتی مطلوب­تراست، جهت توسعه پایدار بخش کشاورزی از این نوع خاک­ورزی استفاده نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
366 - عوامل مؤثر بر بیثباتی درآمدهای صادراتی پسته و تأثیر آن بر صادرات کشاورزی
محمدرضا زارع مهرجردی آسیه عزیزی زهرا کرونیصادرات بخش کشاورزی سهم قابل توجهی از صادرات غیرنفتی را به خود اختصاص داده و از جایگاه ارزآوری مهمی برخوردار است. در بین محصولات کشاورزی، پسته از محصولات عمدهی صادراتی میباشد که سهم چشمگیری از تولید، سطح زیرکشت، مقدار و ارزش صادرات را به خود اختصاص داده است. در این مط Moreصادرات بخش کشاورزی سهم قابل توجهی از صادرات غیرنفتی را به خود اختصاص داده و از جایگاه ارزآوری مهمی برخوردار است. در بین محصولات کشاورزی، پسته از محصولات عمدهی صادراتی میباشد که سهم چشمگیری از تولید، سطح زیرکشت، مقدار و ارزش صادرات را به خود اختصاص داده است. در این مطالعه ابتدا، با استفاده از شاخص "میانگین قدرمطلق تفاوت بین درآمدهای صادراتی از روند آن" بیثباتی درآمدهای صادراتی در کل دوره زمانی 1389- 1352 محاسبه شد. از این جهت، شاخص بیثباتی درآمدهای صادراتی پسته طی چهار دورهی تقسیم شده، نشان میدهد که دوره جنگ، از بیثباتی بیشتری برخوردار بوده ولی در کل دوره مطالعاتی، بی­ثباتی اندک بوده است. در گام دوم، به بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر بیثباتی درآمدهای صادراتی پسته و تأثیر آن بر صادرات کشاورزی، طی دورهی زمانی مورد مطالعه پرداخته شده است. بدین منظور، از شاخص بیثباتی لاو (1985) و الگوی تصحیح خطای برداری (VECM) استفاده گردیده است. نتایج حاصل از برآورد مدل بیثباتی درآمدهای صادراتی پسته نشان میدهد که شاخص تمرکز رابطه عکس و شاخص بیثباتی تولید و شکاف نرخ ارز رابطه مستقیم با بیثباتی درآمدهای صادراتی پسته دارد. همچنین نتایج حاصل از برآورد تابع صادرات کشاورزی حاکی از آن است که بیثباتی درآمد صادراتی پسته تأثیر منفی و معنیدار بر صادرات بخش کشاورزی داشته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
367 - Stability analysis of jointed rock slopes using key block method (Case study: Gas Flare site in 6, 7 and 8 phases of South Pars Gas Complex)
Mohammad Azarafza Ali Reza Yarahmadi Bafghi Ebrahim Asghari-Kaljahi Gholamreza Bahmannia Mohammadreza Moshrefy-far -
Open Access Article
368 - Stability analysis and numerical modelling of toppling failure of discontinuous rock slope (A Case study)
Shahrzad Nikoobakht Mohammad Azarafza -
Open Access Article
369 - Utilization of the Q-slope Empirical Classification System in Jointed Rock Slopes: A Case Study for Bonab-Malekan highway
Dariush Ahadi Ravoshti Leila Farjam Hajiagha -
Open Access Article
370 - Empirical stability classification of steeper slope design in Khoy Open-pit mining projects by using the SMR, Qslope and RMR methods
Mir Akbar Seyed Hamzeh -
Open Access Article
371 - Application of micro-pile for excavated trench dynamic stabilization by using three-dimensional finite element numerical method
Leyla Hamedi Ali Sanaeirad -
Open Access Article
372 - A Review Study for Rock Slope Stability Assessments and Stabilization Methods
Narges Hayati -
Open Access Article
373 - Analysis of static and dynamic stability of slopes armed with geotextiles (Case study: Maragheh Alavian earth-dam)
Farhad Pirmohammadi Alishah Mehdi Mohammadrezaei Meysam Mohammadzadeh -
Open Access Article
374 - Finding stability regions for preserving efficiency classification of variable returns to scale technology in data envelopment analysis
P . Zamani M . Borzouei -
Open Access Article
375 - Using game theory approach to interpret stable policies for Iran’s oil and gas common resources conflicts with Iraq and Qatar
Maryam Esmaeili Aram Bahrini Sepideh Shayanrad -
Open Access Article
376 - Effect of Cryopreservation on essential oil of Satureja sahendica
Shabnam Shahbazi Abbas Ghamari zare Fatemeh Sefikon aliahraf jafari vahid abdossiAbstract Cryopreservation is regarded as a technology with high importance to conserve the plant germplasm for a long period. The use of this technology to preserve the plant materials is useful when it does not change the chemical composition of the essential oil. Sat MoreAbstract Cryopreservation is regarded as a technology with high importance to conserve the plant germplasm for a long period. The use of this technology to preserve the plant materials is useful when it does not change the chemical composition of the essential oil. Satureja sahendica is one of the endangered medicinal species in Iran; thus, conservation of its genetic materials is considerably important. In order to investigate the phytochemical stability and to compare the type and content of the compositions identified, the plant samples were studied under cryopreservation condition and then, the treated seeds were transferred to the liquid nitrogen at –196°C for one week. In the present study, the flowering shoots resulted from various treated seeds were collected and dried in the laboratory; then, their essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation method. Afterwards, the essential oil compositions were identified using analytical gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer (GC/MS) as well as retention index calculation. Finally, 15 compositions were identified in the essential oil of the study plant under cryopreservation condition. The main components in the essential oil included, p-cymene (43.3%), terpinene (21.5%), thymol (18.3%) and carvacrol (5.1%). Results indicated that regarding the number, type and percentage of compounds existing in the essential oils, there was no difference between the control and cryopreservation treatments; therefore, the seeds of this valuable endangered species can be preserved for a long period and its extinction may be avoided by using the cryopreservation technique Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
377 - The Impact of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on Central Asia’s Security
Mohammadreza Dehshiri Hedayat Allah Nobar Turkaman Fatemeh Hashemi -
Open Access Article
378 - Feasibility study of the impact of the Governance Gap on the Efficiency of the Political System from the Perspective of Political Stability; Case study of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Shararaeh Abdolhoseinzadeh Ali AliHosseini Siamak Bahrami -
Open Access Article
379 - Modern Communication Technology and National Security In the Middle East
Ibrahim Anoosheh -
Open Access Article
380 - American Policy in Persian Gulf Region: Continuity or Change at the Trump Era
Parvin Neginraz -
Open Access Article
381 - Investigation the Effect of Credit Risk on Financial Stability in the Islamic Banking System
Alireza Heidarzadeh HanzaeiBanks and their volume of financial transactions have a positive effect on the income of companies and the country's economy and paying attention to their stability conditions can create a stable economy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of credit MoreBanks and their volume of financial transactions have a positive effect on the income of companies and the country's economy and paying attention to their stability conditions can create a stable economy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of credit risk on the financial stability of banks listed on the Tehran Securities Exchange. In order to measure the credit risk variable from the research of Zupandis et al. (2017), the Z-score index was used to measure the financial stability variable based on Farhi (2018) and Al-Badri (2015) studies. The generality of this index is due to the fact that it is inversely related to the probability of bankruptcy of a bank. The number of sixteen banks accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period of six years from 2014 to 2019 were selected as the statistical population of the research. Multivariate regression analysis using mixed data method with fixed effects was used to test the hypotheses. The research results show that credit risk has a significant and adverse effect on the financial stability of banks. In fact, one of the factors that can strongly affect the stability of banks is the credit risk of banks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
382 - Thermal and corrosion behavior of epoxy resin cured by poly(xanthone-amide) with functionalized magnetic nanoparticle
ghasem rahpaimaDue to the desirable properties of poly xanthones, the present research investigates curing, thermal degradation and anticorrosion behavior of epoxy resin with poly(xanthone-amide) (PXAO) as curing agent, with melamine-functionalized Fe3O4 (m-Fe3O4) nanoparticles. Curin MoreDue to the desirable properties of poly xanthones, the present research investigates curing, thermal degradation and anticorrosion behavior of epoxy resin with poly(xanthone-amide) (PXAO) as curing agent, with melamine-functionalized Fe3O4 (m-Fe3O4) nanoparticles. Curing kinetics of the systems were dynamically studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Kinetic parameters including activation energy (Ea) and rate constant (K) were calculated using Kissinger’s method and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall equation. Mass reduction behavior (including mass reduction temperatures and Ea) and thermal stability were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicated higher activation energy and residual degradation (from 35% to 43%) at 750℃ in nitrogen atmosphere in the systems containing nanoparticles, as compared to the systems without the m-Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Results of potentiodynamic polarization tests to evaluate corrosion performance of the resin epoxy-coated stainless steel, showed that the PXAO had improved the anticorrosion activity of epoxy resin. Moreover, introduction of the m-Fe3O4 nanoparticles to the curing mixture significantly increased anticorrosion behavior of the epoxy resin by enhancing the paths through which water and oxygen could diffuse. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
383 - Synthesis, identification and improvement of thermal and mechanical properties of acrylic coatings by nanoparticles
Shokoufeh Bagheri Maryam Kalantari Somayeh Fozooni Hasan Hashemipour RafsanjaniThe polymer matrix in the organic-mineral hybrid nanocomposites is flexible and lightweight, and inorganic nanoparticles are responsible for high thermal stability and improved their mechanical properties. In this study, Methyl Methacrylate-Butyl Acrylate copolymer (BA- MoreThe polymer matrix in the organic-mineral hybrid nanocomposites is flexible and lightweight, and inorganic nanoparticles are responsible for high thermal stability and improved their mechanical properties. In this study, Methyl Methacrylate-Butyl Acrylate copolymer (BA-MMA) was synthesized by conventional emulsion polymerization with conversion percentage of 96.15%. In order to synthesize nanocomposite, nanoparticles of silver, titanium dioxide, iron oxide (Fe3O4), unmodified silica, and modified silica with 3-(tri-methoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (MPS) and dichloromethyl vinylsilane (DMVS) modifiers were used. Based on the results of the thermal gravimetric analysis, nanocomposite prepared from BA-MMA copolymer-containing 0.3 g of modified silica with 0.183 milliliters of chloro-methyl vinyl-silane modifier showed the highest thermal stability. Mechanicl resistance of this sample in terms of the scratch was investigated by nano-scratch instrument and the results showed that, the coating with the lower friction coefficient 0.724 and lower scratch coefficient 0.267 has high scratch resistance. Chemical structure of synthesized compounds were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
384 - Thermodegradation kinetics of poly(methyl methacrylate)/silver nanocomposites synthesized via in- situ photoiniferter-mediated photopolymerization
پویان مکوندی ناصر نیکفرجام رضوان جمال الدین طاهر نادری قزوینیHere, we report thermodegradation of poly)methyl methacrylate(/silver nanoparticle )PMMA/AgNP( nanocomposite networks synthesized by in-situ photoiniferter-mediated photopolymerization. The nanocomposite networks were prepared in the presence of 0.5 wt.%of AgNP and vari MoreHere, we report thermodegradation of poly)methyl methacrylate(/silver nanoparticle )PMMA/AgNP( nanocomposite networks synthesized by in-situ photoiniferter-mediated photopolymerization. The nanocomposite networks were prepared in the presence of 0.5 wt.%of AgNP and various amounts of allyl methacrylate )0, 1, 5, 10 wt.%( as crosslinking agent. The kinetic studies of thermodegradation of the nanocomposite networks by two isoconversional methods, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, showed that AgNP had a dual effect on thermal degradation of PMMA networks; at early stages, AgNP promoted the degradation of the nanocomposites while in the subsequent stages maintained the polymer stability against thermal degradation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
385 - The hidden variable and volatility of Iran's money demand function
farshad parvizian alireza erfaniThe Effectiveness of Monetary Policy Is Dependence with Shape, Stipulated and Stability the Functions of Money Demand and Liquidity. The Formation of Expected Inflation, can Be a Function of Knowledge, Information and Even Personal Understanding Based on Mental Patterns MoreThe Effectiveness of Monetary Policy Is Dependence with Shape, Stipulated and Stability the Functions of Money Demand and Liquidity. The Formation of Expected Inflation, can Be a Function of Knowledge, Information and Even Personal Understanding Based on Mental Patterns of Individuals from the Published Data Issue. The Economic Actors, Based on Expectations of Prices in the Future, Based on Knowledge and Information from the Economy, Deciding they Needed Information from Various Sources Directly or from the Media .In This Research, with the Introduction of the New Variable , the Presence of the Chairman of the Central Bank in the Media, the Demand Functions for the Short and Long Term for the Volume of Money M1, and Liquidity M2, Using Monthly Data of IRAN and Its Approach and Explain, Distributive ARDL Estimates we have. The Results Showed that the Entry Variable, the Presence of the Head of the Central Bank in the money demand Function, Causing Instability, this function will Be. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
386 - Parametric Evaluation of the Static Stability Analysis of the Asphaltic Concrete Core Rockfill Dams
Arash Razmkhah Shahram Shiravi -
Open Access Article
387 - Providing Emotional Stability through Integrating Relaxation Training and Life Style Relaxation Training Skills
Masoud Jan BosorgiEmotional stability is an essential factor in having a healty and successful life. This study sought to determine the effect of Progressive Relaxation Training (PRT) in combination with a Life Style Relaxation Training (LSRT) on emotional stability. 32 patients diagnose MoreEmotional stability is an essential factor in having a healty and successful life. This study sought to determine the effect of Progressive Relaxation Training (PRT) in combination with a Life Style Relaxation Training (LSRT) on emotional stability. 32 patients diagnosed as anxious on the basis of DSM-IV and Cattell 16 PF questionnaire (4th version) were selected and assigned to two groups of study (n=17) and control (n=15). The study group received 12 weekly group sessions of PRT along with skills of smoothing life style. The level of anxiety in all subjects was then evaluated using aforementioned. The two groups mean variations were compared by implementing t test for independent groups. Results revealed that factors measuring emotional stability were altered in the study group. Significant incease in the study group score of factors: C (emotional stability versus instability), H (Parmia versus Threctia) and the reduction in score of factors: O (Guilt-proneness versus untroubled adequacy) and Q4 (high ergic tension versus low ergic tension) made apparent the effectiveness of the methods of intervention in emotional stability and achieving a healthy life style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
388 - The Relationship between Self-Handicapping and Unstable Self-Esteem: The Mediating Role of Fear of Negative Evaluation
Atie Arab Mohebi Shahrabi Shahla Pakdaman Mahmood HeidariThis study aimed to examine the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation in the relationship between self-handicapping and instability of self-esteem. The sample consisted of 150 eighth grade girl students (mean age=14years) in 2015-2016 academic year. The particip MoreThis study aimed to examine the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation in the relationship between self-handicapping and instability of self-esteem. The sample consisted of 150 eighth grade girl students (mean age=14years) in 2015-2016 academic year. The participants completed the short version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNES-B; Leary, 1983), the Self-Handicapping Scale (Jones & Rvdvlt, 1982) and the Unstable Self-esteem Scale (Chabrol, Rocio, & Callahan, 2006). The data were analyzed using regression method. The results indicated that self-esteem could predict both aspects of self-handicapping. The results supported the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation in the relationship between self-handicapping and self-esteem instability. The findings suggested that the unstable self-esteem, partly had an effect on self-handicapping through fear of negative evaluations. As a result, stability of self-esteem can be enhanced by addressing the fear of negative evaluation in adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
389 - Study of intensity, duration and type of flood mechanism thunderstorm by using Tabriz radar images
F. Arkian M. Karimkhani P.S. KatiraieIn recent years, flood producing thunderstorms have caused flood with severe human and financial damage in northwestern Iran, especially eastern Azarbaijan. In this research, we tried to obtain new and more accurate methods for acquiring knowledge about thunderstorms ty MoreIn recent years, flood producing thunderstorms have caused flood with severe human and financial damage in northwestern Iran, especially eastern Azarbaijan. In this research, we tried to obtain new and more accurate methods for acquiring knowledge about thunderstorms types. According to the weather reports, the data set containing five flood cases with twenty precipitable cells have been extracted in the area covered by Tabriz radar. Radar maximum reflectivity and its vertical cut products are used for detecting type, duration and intensity of thunderstorms. In addition, by using upper air data from sounding and General Forecast System (GFS) data with resolution of 0.5° × 0.5°, some instability indices such as K index, Showalter index, Total-Total index, Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Bulk Richardson Number (BRN), Helicity, Energy – Helicity index, Vertical wind shear and precipitable water have been investigated. Results showed that the most flood producing thunderstorms were Single cell or Multi cells which after their movement and merging together, formed complex cells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
390 - The study of Rossby radius deformation in the development of Atmospheric system
A. Mohammadi H. Ardakani M. T. ZamanianIn this study, growth of baroclinic waves in the region between the latitude 15 and 65 degrees North and longitude 15 and 80 degrees East (Middle East) has been studied. Climate system under study crossed from the study area from 2nd of February until 8th of February 20 MoreIn this study, growth of baroclinic waves in the region between the latitude 15 and 65 degrees North and longitude 15 and 80 degrees East (Middle East) has been studied. Climate system under study crossed from the study area from 2nd of February until 8th of February 2010. Rassby radius of deformation, with length scale parameter, was obtained in Eady model. This radius determined the standard threshold level, start and end, of baroclinic wave. Charny - Green number is another parameter that changes the criterion,beginning and end of growth rateof baroclinic wave. Therefore, it is necessary to study the growing waves with Rassby radius deformation study, the Charny - Green number was also studied. Computing mentioned parameters showed that for at least in the next 24 hours and a maximum of 36 hours (depending on weather conditions and the amount of power systems), how waves were developed. Rassby radius of deformation and the Charny-Green number, in the Middle East region have been investigated. In this study it has been shown that reduction in the Rassby radius of deformation to 800 km and reverse increase in Charny - Green's number to 3, atmospheric waves in the next 24 to 48 hours grow towards the formation of trough. Whenever this parameter was more than 1000 km and reverse Charny - Green number is also less than one, growth and development of ridge over the area is expected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
391 - Evaluation of hydrodynamic Forces Effect on Seabed Pipeline in the Pars Special Economic Energy Zone (Asaluyeh)
K. Lari A. javid M. R. bagheri chimeh Underwater pipelines are exposed to hydrodynamic and hydrostatic parameters of the environmental conditions, in the region. In this study, in order to investigate the stability of the underwater pipelines, taking into account the waves and currents induced force More Underwater pipelines are exposed to hydrodynamic and hydrostatic parameters of the environmental conditions, in the region. In this study, in order to investigate the stability of the underwater pipelines, taking into account the waves and currents induced forces, a stability analysis is performed. There are few standards for designing and analysis of underwater pipelines. The two standards, DNV-RP-C205 and DNV-RP-E305 were used. The study area was the coastal zone of Asaluyeh Port and data used included Asaluyeh wave data, from 2007 to 2008, which were collected by a floating buoy. On the other hand, data on currents were based on Ports and Maritime Organization information. Hydrodynamic coefficients such as Reynolds number, Kvlgan Carpenter and hydrodynamic forces induced on the pipeline in different conditions were calculated. The results showed that in current conditions, designing pipes larger than 0.7m in diameter is not suitable. However, the most suitable designs are pipes with 0.4m in diameter. The minimum weight of pipes with 0.7m diameter, in significant wave height condition under the water, was calculated to be 1365 kg/m. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
392 - تجزیه و تحلیل ارتعاشی یک مایع نانولوله چرخشی که بر اساس تئوری کشش غیر محلی ارینگن
مهدی صالحی محمد ارمغانیدر سالهای اخیر ، طیف گسترده ای از کاربردهای بالقوه لوله های نانو گزارش شده است. رفتار ارتعاشی نانو لوله های چرخشی می تواند جنبه چالش برانگیز چنین ساختارهایی باشد. به دلیل ابعاد پایین ، نظریه های کلاسیک قادر به پیش بینی رفتار دقیق ساختارهای نانو نیستند. در مقاله حاضر ، ا Moreدر سالهای اخیر ، طیف گسترده ای از کاربردهای بالقوه لوله های نانو گزارش شده است. رفتار ارتعاشی نانو لوله های چرخشی می تواند جنبه چالش برانگیز چنین ساختارهایی باشد. به دلیل ابعاد پایین ، نظریه های کلاسیک قادر به پیش بینی رفتار دقیق ساختارهای نانو نیستند. در مقاله حاضر ، از نظریه غیر محلی ارینگن برای بررسی مشخصات ارتعاش یک مایع نانولوله چرخان استفاده شده است. اثرات پارامتر مقیاس ، جرم ، سرعت سیال و سرعت زاویه ای بر روی ویژگی های ارتعاش یک مایع نانولوله چرخان قابل بررسی است. پایداری سازه در شرایط مختلف نیز مورد بحث قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان می دهد که پارامتر جرم بدون بعد بر سرعت بحرانی سیال در یک مایع نانولوله غیر چرخان تأثیر نمی گذارد. در همان زمان ، سرعت بحرانی با افزایش پارامتر غیر محلی کاهش می یابد. همچنین در یک نانولوله چرخان ، این نقطه تابعی از پارامتر جرم است و کاهش می یابد و سپس با افزایش β به جایی نزدیک به نقطه شروع حرکت افزایش می یابد. یک رابطه متقابل بین سرعت بحرانی سیال و سرعت زاویه ای بحرانی مشاهده شد. علاوه بر این ، با فرض جرم ثابت ، با افزایش پارامتر غیر محلی ، منطقه منطقه پایداری گسترده تر می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
393 - Analysis and Simulation Dynamic Behavior of Power System Equipped with PSS and Excitation System Stabilizer
Arman Fattollahi Majid Dehghani Mohamad Reza Yousefi -
Open Access Article
394 - Transmission of Medical Images Based on Multi-mode Synchronization of Delayed Fractional-Order Coullete Chaotic Systems
Ali Akbar Kekha Javan Assef Zare Saeed Balochian -
Open Access Article
395 - Investigation and identification of possible conflicts in the implementation of macroprudential policies with the objectives of monetary policy (output and price stabilization) in the Iranian economy using the DSGE approach"
Parisa Tavako mehdi pedram Hossein TavakoliyanAbstractFollowing the financial crisis of 2008-2007, the use of macroprudential measures to curb credit cycles became an economic policy in many countries. However, under certain conditions, the implementation of these policies may have negative effects on the output ga MoreAbstractFollowing the financial crisis of 2008-2007, the use of macroprudential measures to curb credit cycles became an economic policy in many countries. However, under certain conditions, the implementation of these policies may have negative effects on the output gap and price stability, which are the goals of monetary policy. In this paper, by designing a a closed dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model for the Iranian economy in the period 1369: 1 to 1399: 2 and macroprudential tools loan-to-value restrictions and countercyclical capital buffer and shocks including productivity, bank capital and monetary policy shocks is used and the conflicts (increasing variance ) resulting from the implementation of macroprudential policy on monetary policy objectives was examined.The results show that with the occurrence of shocks, the implementation of loan-to-value ratio requirements does not conflict with production and inflation, and with more response of this tool, the variance of production and inflation reduced monotically, indicating a complementary relationship of this macroprudential tool with monetary policy objectives. Therefore a policymaker can use this macroprudential tool with less concern.However, the requirement of countercyclical capital buffer after the occurrence of these shocks is initially in conflict with price stabilization and output, which with a more severe reaction of this macroprudential tool reduces inflation and output fluctuations and reduces its adverse side effects. However, the exception is the variance of inflation in the monetary policy impulse, which increases with the intensification of the loan-to-value ratio, and with the intensification of countercyclical capital buffer,inflation is initially decreasing and after reaching its minimum value, it rises. . The results of this study can be useful for how macroprudential and monetary policies are organized and how to coordinate between these two policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
396 - Investigating the impact of exchange rate fluctuations as an economic stability evaluation index on asset value stability indicators
mihammad hosin emaratian Ali Najafi Moghadam Ali Baghani Mohsen Hamidian Ghodratolah EmamverdiAbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exchange rate as an indicator of economic stability on the stability of assets value in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1385 to 1397. For this purpose, the current research is included in descript MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exchange rate as an indicator of economic stability on the stability of assets value in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1385 to 1397. For this purpose, the current research is included in descriptive research in terms of research method and applied research in terms of purpose. Also, the design of this research is using the post-event approach. Also, in the current research, the panel data model was used to investigate the relationship between the variables. The results of the research showed that the fluctuation of the exchange rate has a significant effect on the first indicator of the stability of asset value, i.e. the book value of assets, at the level of 95%, and this effect is reversed. The effect of exchange rate fluctuation on the second index of asset value stability, which is the market value of assets, is significant at the 95% level. Also, the effect of exchange rate fluctuation on the third index of asset value stability, i.e. the current value of assets, was also negative and significant at the 95% level. Considering the influence of the exchange rate on the indicators of the stability of the value of assets, it is suggested that relying on domestic production and using raw materials available inside the country is one of the solutions to reduce losses caused by exchange rate fluctuations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
397 - Trump, overcoming institutionalism and challenging the status of "liberal hegemony" for the United States
Tajedin SalehiyanThe failure to strike a balance of power with the United States after the collapse of the Soviet Union for a quarter of a century has been a new phenomenon in international relations. Most liberals and proponents of hegemonic stability theory, along with America's extra MoreThe failure to strike a balance of power with the United States after the collapse of the Soviet Union for a quarter of a century has been a new phenomenon in international relations. Most liberals and proponents of hegemonic stability theory, along with America's extraordinary military power, have created international institutions, organizations, and regimes, produced public security, financial, commercial, and economic goods, multilateralism, and avoided unilateralism. Are considered to be the main reasons why the United States has gained the position of "liberal hegemony" and the balance of traditional power has not been formed against it. But with the coming to power of Donald Trump, and the policy of "America First" and the withdrawal of many international institutions and regimes, the refusal to produce public security and economic goods and the end of what he calls "free riding", the pursuit of nationalism Economic, one-sided, and ultimately disregard for the interests of other actors, including friends of allies, have seriously challenged America's position of "liberal hegemony.” Therefore, according to the teachings of the theory of hegemonic stability, the main purpose of this study is to state: US foreign policy in the Trump era, while passing the declared slogans, has undergone serious changes compared to the past, These changes have put the country's position in jeopardy, as Trump has taken steps to undermine the position of liberal hegemony by going through the elements of legitimacy. In this research, descriptive-analytical method has been used which has used library and electronic resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
398 - Trans-Pacific Partnership and Rrebalancing of China’s Economic Influence
Mohammad Taghizadeh AnsariAbstract Beyond its dynamic economic effects, TPP also has powerful geopolitical implications. Centerpieces of United States policy toward Asia—especially East and Southeast Asia—during the Obama presidency have included the “pivot” or “reb MoreAbstract Beyond its dynamic economic effects, TPP also has powerful geopolitical implications. Centerpieces of United States policy toward Asia—especially East and Southeast Asia—during the Obama presidency have included the “pivot” or “rebalancing” on the security side and seeking Trans-Pacific Partnership as a massive trade agreement on the economic side, from the start, this particular trade pact has been as much about geopolitics as economics that with this pact US conspiracy aimed at the economic containment of the mainland. It is more than just a trade agreement and it represents a large market led by the US. In particular, the TPP will rewrite the rules of regional trade in a way that boosts the economies of the United States and its allies relative to the economy of Washington’s primary geopolitical rival, China. The post-war Asia Pacific regional order built by the United States and its allies now faces its greatest challenge since the end of the Cold War. Then the TPP has the potential to be a game-changer for the United States in Asia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
399 - The position of economic policy in Turkey's political stability since 2002
mohammadreza saremi ardeshir sanaieMaintaining a regime from subversion through revolution or rebellion is always one of the most important issues in political systems, and political stability is also the temptation of those who are interested in the continuation of the political system. There are many f MoreMaintaining a regime from subversion through revolution or rebellion is always one of the most important issues in political systems, and political stability is also the temptation of those who are interested in the continuation of the political system. There are many factors contributing to the creation of stability or political change in the state. Important factors in this regard are incorrect economic policies and the lack of economic security, inequality, structural divide, inflation, and so on. It provides a source of political instability in society. Since 2002, with the advent of the Justice and Development Party, the Turkish government has been able to overcome economic problems by planning appropriate macroeconomic policies. But the question is: what has been the role of economic policy in creating political stability in Turkey? The hypothesis that can be raised is that economic policies have created political stability in this country. Accordingly, the macroeconomic government has been able to use the expansion of the private sector and increase competition, reduce domestic demand and export development, create incentives for attracting foreign capital, increase productivity and use of technology, To continue. In the monetary policy sector, it has been able to cut inflation below 5%. In the currency sector, with the change from the fixed exchange system to the floating exchange system, it has been able to help restore the value of the domestic currency. Which has given citizens satisfaction and political stability in the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
400 - Mental Integration of Political Elites inside Government and Forming Stability in Political System
Reza Jalali Mehdi GholamiAbstract A historical studies show the key role of elites in cultural, economic and social changes of the society. Attention of the most advanced countries is based on country elite’s especially political elites of the ruler class who have a major role in the proc MoreAbstract A historical studies show the key role of elites in cultural, economic and social changes of the society. Attention of the most advanced countries is based on country elite’s especially political elites of the ruler class who have a major role in the process of country decision-making and development. Then, this will shape in the shadow of stability in the society. In reality, political stability is an observer of the balance of nation demands from one side, and state function from other side. Other analyzers believe to the structural point of view which means the importance of political system. In their views, the system could give a direction to the political elites. Hence, this group is concentrating on the mental integration of political elites in terms of political stability. One of the major factors of stability in the political system is political elite’s consensus of opinions inside the government. This paper is attempting to analyze and compare these views about mental integration of political elites inside government and forming stability in political system Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
401 - A Survey on the Challenges of Foreign Policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran and England in the Persian Gulf
Abbasali Rahbar Seyd Javad SahihonnasabAbstract With the appearance of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1357, there was a new era of relations in foreign policy of the country. Of which can be modified for Iran's foreign policy is pro-west policy of the former regime and changed to the principle of neither MoreAbstract With the appearance of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1357, there was a new era of relations in foreign policy of the country. Of which can be modified for Iran's foreign policy is pro-west policy of the former regime and changed to the principle of neither East nor West after the Islamic Revolution. Persian Gulf region is one of the world's major region which have attracted the attention of great powers and Iran is very important country of the region for various reasons, including the long history of civilization and being the longest beach in the area and possession of the strategic Strait of Hormoz and the country's rich oil and gas area. Britania as a great power in the Persian Gulf region has a long history in this important area, and attempts to influence the course of events after the September eleven, it will going through an active role in regional and global affairs. Besides having great powers such as Britain and the whole of the advanced industrial world's oil and energy resources in the Persian Gulf makes always look for transit security in the region to control its resources to the West. However with the appearance of these countries in the region, we need to examine the British foreign policy in this area in order to understand the challenges of foreign policy, as a global power. Therefore, in this study, some of the most important foreign policy challenges both England and the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Persian Gulf as the power and influence have worked in the area studied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
402 - Changes in Species Diversity and Functional Diversity of Vegetation under Different Grazing Intensities in Changizchal Rangelands, Mazandaran Province, Iran
Mansoureh Kargar Majid Sadeghinia Sara Farazmand -
Open Access Article
403 - Comparison of Ecological Patches' Potentials and Functions in Rangeland Ecosystems (Case Study: Qahavand Rangelands, Hamedan Province, Iran)
Reza Kavandi Habib Gholamali Heshmati Hamid Siroosi -
Open Access Article
404 - The role of exchange rate fluctuations on private sector investment in housing in Tehran using the Markov switching regime model
Aliakbar Mehrabian yazdan gudarzi farahaniThe purpose of this article was to investigate the role of exchange rate fluctuations on private sector investment in housing in Tehran. For this purpose, statistical data for the period 1970-2020 based on the frequency of annual data and the Markov switching regime app MoreThe purpose of this article was to investigate the role of exchange rate fluctuations on private sector investment in housing in Tehran. For this purpose, statistical data for the period 1970-2020 based on the frequency of annual data and the Markov switching regime approach have been used. In general, the developments in the housing sector play an essential role in intensifying the fluctuations of prosperity and stagnation of economic activities. Fluctuations in the return on other assets, such as currency, will affect demand for housing. When a monetary shock occurs, it changes the opportunity cost of maintaining durable goods, including housing, by changing interest rates, and this shock is due in part to the demand for housing resulting from the demand for services. The result of this property affects the housing. The results of this study showed that the exchange rate in the two currency regimes of high and low fluctuations has affected the investment of the private sector in housing in Tehran. The results also showed that the stability of the regime with high fluctuations in exchange rate volatility is greater than the stability of the regime with low fluctuations in exchange rate volatility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
405 - Providing Three-Dimensional Composite Model (Financial, Economic, Sustainability) in predicting Companies' Financial Distress
احمد برگ بید علی جعفری hasan salehnejadFinancial distress is a serious issue for the economic life of countries and forecasting distress for various groups including managers, banks, investors, policymakers and auditors is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to provide a combined three-dimensio MoreFinancial distress is a serious issue for the economic life of countries and forecasting distress for various groups including managers, banks, investors, policymakers and auditors is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to provide a combined three-dimensional model (financial, economic, sustainability), two-dimensional model (financial and economic) and one-dimensional (financial) in predicting financial distress of companies and also comparing the predictive power of models with component analysis approach. It is the principle that using the post-event approach (through past information) is of the descriptive-correlation type and based on the objectives is also of the applied research type. Also, the statistical population and spatial scope of this research, listed companies and its time domain. Using the systematic removal method, 113 listed companies were selected as a sample. The results showed that the three-dimensional hybrid model (financial, economic, sustainability) has a high predictive power for helplessness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
406 - New Applications on Linguistic Mathematical Structures and Stability Analysis of Linguistic Fuzzy Models
Jafar Tavoosi Sajjad Rahmati -
Open Access Article
407 - Power System Transient Stability Analysis Based on the Development and Evaluation Methods
Mohsen Radan Alireza Tavakoli Dinani -
Open Access Article
408 - Novel Adaptive Recurrent Neural Controller based on VSC HVDC Damping Controller to Improve Power System Stability
Naser Taheri -
Open Access Article
409 - A New Method for Simplification and Reduction of State Estimation’s Computational Complexity in Stability Analysis of Power Systems
Ebadollah Amouzad Mahdiraji Seyed Mohammad Shariatmadar -
Open Access Article
410 - Dynamic Behavior Improvement of Control System in Inverter-Based Island Microgrid by Adding a Mixed Virtual Impedance Loop to Voltage Control Loop
Saeid Farhang Ghazanfar Shahgholian Bahador Fani -
Open Access Article
411 - Improving the Transient Stability of Power Systems Using STATCOM and Controlling it by Honey Bee Mating Optimization Algorithm
Ebadollah Amouzad Mahdiraji Seyed Mohammad Shariatmadar -
Open Access Article
412 - Robust type-2 Fuzzy Control for Glucose-Level Regulation in Type-I Diabetic Patients
Razieh Zamani Mehdi Siahi Amin Ramezani -
Open Access Article
413 - Novel Adaptive Damping Controller for Interline Power Flow Controller to Improve Power System Stability
Naser Taheri Hamed Orojlo Hamid Karimi Farhad Ebrahimi Kaveh Khalifeh -
Open Access Article
414 - Online Aggregation of Coherent Generators Based on Electrical Parameters of Synchronous Generators
Farkhondeh Jabari Heresh Seyedi Sajad Najafi Ravadanegh -
Open Access Article
415 - Evaluation of Penetration Level of Large-Scale Photovoltaic System on Voltage Stability of Power System
Majid Akbari Nodehi -
Open Access Article
416 - A Novel Approach to Trace Time-Domain Trajectories of Power Systems in Multiple Time Scales Based Flatness
Mohsen Radan Alireza Tvakoli Dinani -
Open Access Article
417 - Enhancement of Power System Voltage Stability Using New Centralized Adaptive Load Shedding Method
Manijeh Alipour Heresh Seyedi -
Open Access Article
418 - Coordinated Design of PSS and SSSC Damping Controller Considering Time Delays using Biogeography-based Optimization Algorithm
Javad Gholinezhad Mahmoud Ebaadian Mohammad R. Aghaerrahimi -
Open Access Article
419 - Neuro-Fuzzy Based Algorithm for Online Dynamic Voltage Stability Status Prediction Using Wide-Area Phasor Measurements
Ahmad Ahmadi Yousef Alinezhad Beromi -
Open Access Article
420 - Modeling for Measuring Corporate Financial Sustainability Using the Econophysics and Bayesian Method
moloud soleimani Faegh ahmadi Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar Hamid Reza vakilifardThe concept of financial sustainability has been in the economic literature for nearly two decades. In the theoretical financial literature, firm financial sustainability can be described as a financial system consisting of financial intermediaries, markets, and market MoreThe concept of financial sustainability has been in the economic literature for nearly two decades. In the theoretical financial literature, firm financial sustainability can be described as a financial system consisting of financial intermediaries, markets, and market infrastructures that are capable of withstanding risk shocks and resolving financial imbalances. Therefore, according to the above argument, the purpose of the present study is to present a proposed model for measuring the financial sustainability of the company by using Econophysics and artificial neural network using a sample of 132 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2015-2019. The results of the first hypothesis show that the prediction of financial sustainability based on the Econophysics method can provide better results. Also, based on the result of the second hypothesis, the Bayesian method can predict better financial sustainability. Finally, by comparing the Econophysics and Bayesian approaches to predicting financial sustainability of the firm, it can be concluded that the prediction of financial sustainability based on the economophysical method yields better results than the Bayesian method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
421 - Company sustainability model based on financial efficiency model by P-VAR model
saman ebadi Rasoul Abdi nader rezaei Asgar pakmaramManagers today deal with complex and unique social, environmental, technological and market trends. Managers are still hesitant to come up with sustainable strategies because they believe the cost outweighs the benefits. Studies show that sustainability practices have a MoreManagers today deal with complex and unique social, environmental, technological and market trends. Managers are still hesitant to come up with sustainable strategies because they believe the cost outweighs the benefits. Studies show that sustainability practices have a positive effect on business performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is the sustainability model of the company based on the financial efficiency model based on the P-VAR model. Based on this goal, data related to 91 companies of Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 1390 to 1398 were analyzed. The research variables include 4 variables (profitability, efficiency, debt management and asset management) and secondary indicators in a total of 14 indicators. Data analysis was performed based on secondary variables and indicators. The results of the P-VAR model showed that the interaction between the variables of profitability, efficiency, debt management and asset management is small. Therefore, the mentioned variables do not have much effect on each other. Also, in the long run, these effects either decrease or do not increase enough. This small amount of interaction between variables is also related to the model used in the research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
422 - Modeling the spread of risks in the financial network
naser haghi seyfedin Nader Rezaei Rasoul ABDI yagob agdam mazraeThe purpose of this study is to model the spread of risks in the financial network. In this study, using MATLAB software, the interdependencies of claims and liabilities of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange as a financial network are modeled and the spread o MoreThe purpose of this study is to model the spread of risks in the financial network. In this study, using MATLAB software, the interdependencies of claims and liabilities of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange as a financial network are modeled and the spread of default in it is simulated. This research is among the applied researches. The statistical population of the studied information is 407 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period of 1393-1397. The results of this study emphasize the role of "contagious links" and show that the organizations that have the greatest impact on network instability have more contact with network members or a large proportion of contagious links. In this study, we consider a directional graph with a sequence of degrees and an optional weight distribution. Asymptotic results show that there is good agreement with simulation for networks of realistic size. In this study, we consider a directional graph with a sequence of degrees and an optional weight distribution. Asymptotic results show that there is good agreement with simulation for networks of realistic size. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
423 - Provide a model for identifying the factors affecting the instabilityof the Tehran Stock Exchange based on the Grounded theory
hossein hashemnezhad Khadijeh Ebrahimi Mehdi Safari GrailiAbstractInvestigating the instability of financial markets, including the stock exchange, is considered one of the most important topics in the literature of international finance. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to identify the main and sub-components affe MoreAbstractInvestigating the instability of financial markets, including the stock exchange, is considered one of the most important topics in the literature of international finance. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to identify the main and sub-components affecting the volatility of Tehran Stock Exchange and to present the relevant conceptual model based on the foundation's data analysis. The methodology of this research is part of exploratory research in terms of its goal and its implementation method is qualitative. The statistical population of this research includes financial experts, who were selected by using the snowball sampling method in the number of 14 people. Then by conducting interviews, collecting the necessary data and after coding, the research model based on the theoretical framework includes 12 sub-components in the form of 4 main components: 1) Characteristics of Tehran Stock Exchange 2) Economic factors 3) Political factors 4) The influence of the government was designed. And solutions related to the management of the above factors are also provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
424 - Investor's reaction towards the mental and objective stability of profit components in financially distressed companies
kaveh parandin babak jamshidinavid Mehrdad Ghanbari afshin baghfalakiThe purpose of this study was to study the reaction of investors to the objective and objective suspicion of profit components in suspected financial distress in a 11-year period from 1386 to 1396 with 1320 views in 120 companie MoreThe purpose of this study was to study the reaction of investors to the objective and objective suspicion of profit components in suspected financial distress in a 11-year period from 1386 to 1396 with 1320 views in 120 companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. To analyze the data and test the hypotheses, the simulation model of Mishkin (1983) and the multivariate regression model were used using the Eviews software version 10 has been used.The findings of the research indicate that investors have the mental sustainability of cash components and earnings accruals in relation to the objective stability of cash components and earnings accrual, more than actually they value it.Therefore, investors are pricing inappropriately, the profit of companies suspected of financial distress and the capital market is not as efficient as the components of profit information. In other words, companies suspect financial distress, the investors' incorrect responses and inappropriate pricing of them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
425 - Numerical solution of the time-fractional Black-Scholes equation for European double barrier option with time-dependent parameters under the CEV model
Maryam Rezaei AhmadReza Yazdanian Barrier options are considered the most widely used financial derivatives, which are massively traded in the financial markets due to its cheaper price in comparison with other standard options. Also, these options are family-path-dependent options, More Barrier options are considered the most widely used financial derivatives, which are massively traded in the financial markets due to its cheaper price in comparison with other standard options. Also, these options are family-path-dependent options, because their value depends directly on the movement of the underlying asset value during the option contract. Because the accurate order differential equation is unable the effect of trend memory in financial market, in this paper, we consider the fractional order differential equation. In order that our problem is closer to the real market model, we assume that interest rate, dividend yield and volatility are as function. The main purpose of this paper is to determine the price of European double-knock-out barrier option under the time-fractional Black-Scholes model with a fractional order . In here, the underlying asset follows the constant elasticity of variance (CEV) model. Such problems do not have exact solution in closed form, so using a finite difference method we find a suitable numerical solution by introducing implicit difference scheme. In the continuation, we investigate unconditional stability and convergence the proposed scheme by using Fourier analysis. We finally show the efficiency of the proposed difference scheme and its numerical convergence order by mentioning some numerical examples. In addition, we study the effect of the important model parameters (, and ) on long memory in form table and figure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
426 - Asymptotic aspect of quadratic functional equations and super stability of higher derivations in multi-fuzzy normed spaces
M. khanehgir F. Hasanvand -
Open Access Article
427 - Construction of strict Lyapunov function for nonlinear parameterised perturbed systems
B. Ghanmi M. A. Hammami -
Open Access Article
428 - Stability and hyperstability of orthogonally ring $*$-$n$-derivations and orthogonally ring $*$-$n$-homomorphisms on $C^*$-algebras
R. Gholami Gh. Askari M. Eshaghi Gordji -
Open Access Article
429 - System of AQC functional equations in non-Archimedean normed spaces
H. Majani -
Open Access Article
430 - A fixed point method for proving the stability of ring $(\alpha, \beta, \gamma)$-derivations in $2$-Banach algebras
M. Eshaghi Gordji S. Abbaszadeh -
Open Access Article
431 - 2-Banach stability results for the radical cubic functional equation related to quadratic mapping
R. E. Ghali S. Kabbaj -
Open Access Article
432 - Hyers–Ulam–Rassias stability of impulsive Volterra integral equation via a fixed point approach
R. Shah A. Zada -
Open Access Article
433 - A new type of Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for Drygas functional equation
M. Sirouni M. ‎Almahalebi S. ‎Kabbaj -
Open Access Article
434 - Approximate solutions of homomorphisms and derivations of the generalized Cauchy-Jensen functional equation in $C^*$-ternary algebras
P. Kaskasem C. Klin-eam -
Open Access Article
435 - On a new type of stability of a radical cubic functional equation related to Jensen mapping
S. A. A. AL-Ali Y. Elkettani -
Open Access Article
436 - Generalized hyperstability of the cubic functional equation in ultrametric spaces
Y. ‎Aribou H. Dimou S. Kabbaj -
Open Access Article
437 - Synchronization of fractional-order LU system with new parameters using the feedback control technique
M. Karimian B. Naderi -
Open Access Article
438 - Convergence, stability and data dependence results for contraction and nonexpansive mappings by a new four step algorithm
U. E. Udofia D. Igbokwe -
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439 - Solution of some irregular functional equations and their stability
Y. Sayyari M. Dehghanian Sh. Nasiri -
Open Access Article
440 - Cubic spline Numerov type approach for solution of Helmholtz equation
J. Rashidinia H. S. Shekarabi M. Aghamohamadi -
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441 - Multistage Modified Sinc Method for Solving Nonlinear Dynamical Systems
Hossein Kheiri Hossein Pourbashash -
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442 - Dynamics of Food Chain Model: Role of Alternative Resource for Top Predator
ANUJ KUMAR MANJU AGARWAL -
Open Access Article
443 - A regularization method for solving a nonlinear backward inverse heat conduction problem using discrete mollification method
A. Zakeri Soheila Bodaghi -
Open Access Article
444 - Dynamics of a Delayed Epidemic Model with Beddington-DeAngelis Incidence Rate and a Constant Infectious Period
Abdelali Raji_allah Hamad Talibi Alaoui -
Open Access Article
445 - Mathematical Model of Herpes Simplex Virus – II (HSV-II) with Global Stability Analysis
Eshetu Gurmu Boka Bole Purnachandra Koya -
Open Access Article
446 - Stability Analysis and Optimal Control of Vaccination and Treatment of a SIR Epidemiological Deterministic Model with Relapse
Sunday Fadugba Temitope Ogunlade Oluwatayo Ogunmiloro -
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447 - A New Implicit Finite Difference Method for Solving Time Fractional Diffusion Equation
elham afshari -
Open Access Article
448 - A stable iteration to the matrix inversion
Amir Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
449 - A Bi-level Formulation for Centralized Resource Allocation DEA Models
Mohammad Moghaddas Ghasem Tohidi -
Open Access Article
450 - Modeling and Analysis of Vehicles Flow on the Road
Kumama Cheneke Purnachandra Koya Geremew Edessa -
Open Access Article
451 - Stability Analysis of a Malaria Transmission Model for the Effect of Infected Immigrants with Temperature and Rainfall Dependent Parameters
Victor Yiga Hasifa Nampala Julius Tumwiine -
Open Access Article
452 - Cascade of Fractional Differential Equations and Generalized Mittag-Leffler Stability
Ndolane Sene -
Open Access Article
453 - Mathematical Model of Novel COVID-19 and Its Transmission Dynamics
Eshetu Gurmu Getachew Batu Mamo Wameko -
Open Access Article
454 - Permanence and Uniformly Asymptotic Stability of Almost Periodic Positive Solutions for a Dynamic Commensalism Model on Time Scales
Mahammad Khuddush Kapula Rajendra Prasad K. V. Vidyasagar -
Open Access Article
455 - Mathematical Model of HIV and Cholera Co-Infection in the Presence of Treatment
Kumama Cheneke Geremew Edessa Purnachandra Koya -
Open Access Article
456 - Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of HIV/AIDS with Herbal Medicine and Antiretroviral Treatment
Kumama Cheneke Geremew Edessa Purnachandra Koya -
Open Access Article
457 - Mathematical Model for the Effects of Intervention Measures on the Transmission Dynamics of Tungiasis
JAIROS SHINZEH Livingstone Luboobi -
Open Access Article
458 - Modeling Banana Xanthomonas Wilt with Protection
Taye Faniran Abayomi Ayoade Abdulahi Falade -
Open Access Article
459 - Impact of Antiviral Treatment of Avian Influenza in Poultry Farm
Abdul Malek Ashabul Hoque -
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460 - Mathematical Modeling of COVID-19 Pandemic with Treatment
Abayneh Bezabih -
Open Access Article
461 - Stability Analysis of Fractional Order Mathematical Model of Leukemia
Lahoucine Boujallal -
Open Access Article
462 - Analysis of a Three Age Group Preys with Control Measures of COVID-19 Spread in the Third Prey
S. Saranya S. Vijaya -
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463 - Coronavirus (covid-19) Transmission Dynamics with Vaccination: A Mathematical Model Analysis
Mengesha Firdawoke Mekash Mohammed -
Open Access Article
464 - A Computational Approach for Fractal Mobile-Immobile Transport with Caputo-Fabrizio Fractional Derivative
Sadegh Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
465 - STABILITY ANALYSIS OF A PLANKTON SYSTEM WITH DELAY
A. K. Sharma A. Sharma -
Open Access Article
466 - B-SPLINE COLLOCATION APPROACH FOR SOLUTION OF KLEIN-GORDON EQUATION
J. Rashidinia F. Esfahani S. Jamalzadeh -
Open Access Article
467 - SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENT AND INEFFICIENT UNITS IN INTEGER-VALUED DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS
Shokoofeh Banihashemi Ghasem Tohidi Masoud Sanei -
Open Access Article
468 - A STABLE COUPLED NEWTON'S ITERATION FOR THE MATRIX INVERSE $P$-TH ROOT
Amir Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
469 - ON THE STABILITY AND THRESHOLD ANALYSIS OF AN EPIDEMIC MODEL
Muhammad Abdullahi Yau -
Open Access Article
470 - APPLICATIONS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IN STABILITY INDEX AND CRITICAL LENGTH IN AVALANCHE DYNAMICS
S. Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
471 - THE ROLE OF TREATMENT ON CONTROLLING CHANCROID PREVALENCE
S. Mushayabasa C. P. Bhunu -
Open Access Article
472 - SPATIOTEMPORAL DYNAMIC OF TOXIN PRODUCING PHYTOPLANKTON (TPP)-ZOOPLANKTON INTERACTION
A. K. Sharma A. Sharma K. Agnihotri -
Open Access Article
473 - LIMITED GROWTH PREY MODEL AND PREDATOR MODEL USING HARVESTING
Vijaya Rekha Rekha -
Open Access Article
474 - DYNAMIC COMPLEXITY OF A THREE SPECIES COMPETITIVE FOOD CHAIN MODEL WITH INTER AND INTRA SPECIFIC COMPETITIONS
N. Ali Santabrata Chakravarty -
Open Access Article
475 - SPOT PATTERNS IN GRAY SCOTT MODEL WITH APPLICATION TO EPIDEMIC CONTROL
Muhammad Abdullahi Yau M. U. Adehi Muktari Garba -
Open Access Article
476 - سیEvaluation of adaptation and drought stress indices in advanced bread wheat genotypes
Habiballah SoughiDrought stress is one of the most important factor that reducing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield production in arid and semi-arid regions. In order to evaluate stability and indicators of drought tolerance indices in wheat, twenty bread wheat genotypes we MoreDrought stress is one of the most important factor that reducing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield production in arid and semi-arid regions. In order to evaluate stability and indicators of drought tolerance indices in wheat, twenty bread wheat genotypes were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications at Gorgan Agricultural Research Station in three years. Genotypes in two years (2012-13 & 2013-14 cropping season) were evaluated only in irrigated condition but in 2014-15 cropping season, both in irrigated and drought after flowering. Eight indices under normal and drought stress conditions including, stress sensitivity index (SSI), tolerance (TOL), geometric mean production (GMP), mean production (MP), stress tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), yield index (YI) and preference index (PI) on the grain yield, were evaluated. Results of combined analysis of variance revealed that effects of year and genotype were statistically significant in 1% level but year × genotype interactions. Drought stress caused reducing in grain yield that genotype number 6 with 70% had the highest decreasing. Genotypes number 8, 17, 4 and 14 had the highest grain yield in drought stress. In base of mean comparison of genotypes in combined analysis of variance and indicators of drought tolerance, genotype number 14 with grain yield mean 6773 kg/ha in irrigated conditions and genotypes number 8 and 17 in drought condition were selected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
477 - Effects of climate change on growth stages of broad leaf vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Case study: Khorramabad)
Khosro Azizi Ali Reza Daraeimofrad Behrouz Nasiri Mohammad FeizianThe experiment, is based on the standard scenarios, loaders case IPCC (B1, A2, A1B) by general circulation model (HadCM3) with the use of fine scale model (LARS-WG) with the aim to evaluate the effect of climate change on the phonological stages answer C3 plants, in res MoreThe experiment, is based on the standard scenarios, loaders case IPCC (B1, A2, A1B) by general circulation model (HadCM3) with the use of fine scale model (LARS-WG) with the aim to evaluate the effect of climate change on the phonological stages answer C3 plants, in research farm of agricultural college of Lorestan University in cropping years 2014-15 and 2015-16 With, in two consecutive years and rain fed conditions was conducted in one place. Complementary components of intercropping of broad leaf vetch and barley in 5 levels, weeds and compost as well as four levels, respectively. in 4×5 factorial experiment with in a randomized complete block design was used for the target year 2055 AD (1445 Shamsi) in dry land conditions. Climatic factors as temperature, precipitation and daily radiation in period of study with simulation used LARS-WG modeling. Thus, min and max temperature oscillation in the future desirable for growth of C3 plants (broad leaf vetch and barley). Also, average precipitation is slightly more and will reduce the length of the period of growth and failure to deal with the above optimal temperatures and drought stress and escape from the end of the season due to being the period in accordance with growing season, reduce the risk of environmental hazards in the upcoming years due to performance and stability have been achieved fitted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
478 - Effect of Milling Process on Colloidal Stability, Color and Rheological Properties of Pistachio Paste
A. Shakerardekani -
Open Access Article
479 - Thermodynamic, spectral and antimicrobial activity of inclusion complexes of acridone and its oxime with β-cyclodextrin
Swapna Sankar Nayak Sunakar Panda -
Open Access Article
480 - The impact of importing food products on economic instability and the related jurisprudence
fatemeh nematiThe import of food products is an economic problem that has created harmful effects for various parts of the country's system in recent years. This import threatens food security and national security and ultimately national identity. In the present research, the issue MoreThe import of food products is an economic problem that has created harmful effects for various parts of the country's system in recent years. This import threatens food security and national security and ultimately national identity. In the present research, the issue of jurisprudence rulings on the import of foodstuffs and its effects on economic instability has been investigated in a descriptive-analytical way. Paying attention to Islamic and jurisprudential values can help us in solving this social problem. Jurisprudence is the basic foundation of the laws of every Islamic society and is effective in creating economic stability. For this purpose, the mandatory ruling on the import of foodstuffs was examined in terms of importation against the law of the country and the importation of forbidden and suspicious foodstuff, and the ruling was given regarding the sanctity of illegal and forbidden importation, and in the case of questionable importation, based on the public and the application of evidence, the ruling was in favor of Halit. was given and regarding the status ruling related to the importation of food products, validity, invalidity and guarantee of this import, it was examined and in some cases, referring to jurisprudence rules, the ruling was given as valid and in some cases, the ruling was given as invalid, and considering All food import transactions are guaranteed according to the rule of "the whole guarantee is correct, and the guarantee is corrupt". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
481 - The effect of crimes committed in Myanmar on the economic instability of countries.
sajjad rahmati jamal beigi babak poorgahremaniEconomic security is necessary for national security, and economic progress also leads to social, cultural, and military progress. Without it, all the aforementioned activities will be disrupted. One of the things that endangers the economic security of countries is the MoreEconomic security is necessary for national security, and economic progress also leads to social, cultural, and military progress. Without it, all the aforementioned activities will be disrupted. One of the things that endangers the economic security of countries is the crimes committed in Myanmar. Which includes crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war, and this article seeks to investigate how the crimes committed in Myanmar affect economic instability. The research method is descriptive and analytical, and data collection is also in the form of data collection. The method of carrying out the research is qualitative and the findings of the research indicate that as a result of the crimes committed in Myanmar, the economic instability of the countries also increases, and also the crimes have occurred, and as a result, the increase in immigration, the decrease in the gross national product, the killing of Muslims, destruction And killing and looting in Myanmar will cause economic instability in countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
482 - The spillover effects of China and EU sustainable development on Iran: an integrated sustainability approach
Ebrahim AfshariAbstractThe concept of sustainable development is currently recognized as one of the most reliable scientific and practical definitions for human society, so that the United Nations, as one of the most important global institutions, has defined various goals to achieve MoreAbstractThe concept of sustainable development is currently recognized as one of the most reliable scientific and practical definitions for human society, so that the United Nations, as one of the most important global institutions, has defined various goals to achieve sustainable development and divided it into three The component of social, environmental and economic affairs has been divided. The aim of this study is to estimate sustainability tensions to examine how the pillars of sustainable development in Iran should interact with the European Union and China. For this purpose, this research uses the SEY model including the system of simultaneous equations and Granger causality in the period of 1993-2020 annually with two limited and complete information approaches. Based on the results, there are high sustainability tensions among these countries, which indicates their significant spillover effects and confirms the integrated sustainability perspective. In addition, the results show that there is a significant flow of spillover effects between Iran and China, and also, Iran has failed to apply and activate potential flows of sustainable spillover effects from the European Union. Therefore, in order to improve and accelerate the progress of sustainable development, policy makers in Iran should also maintain their relations with China as the world's second largest economy, while improving their relations with the European Union to avoid possible spillover effects between the pillars of Iran's sustainability and Activate the European Union.Keywords: sustainable development, spillover effects of development, integrated sustainabilityJEL classification: O1, O19, O50 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
483 - Study of interaction of genotype * environment and Stability of grain yield in bread Wheat cultrivars in Kurdestan Province
M. Bakhshayeshi H. Bakhshayeshi To study genotype x environment interaction and stability of grain yield in bread wheat genotype, 8 bread wheat genotype were evaluated for grain yield in 6 location in 2007-2010 cropping seasons. six location included Sanandaj, Gorveh, Marivan, More To study genotype x environment interaction and stability of grain yield in bread wheat genotype, 8 bread wheat genotype were evaluated for grain yield in 6 location in 2007-2010 cropping seasons. six location included Sanandaj, Gorveh, Marivan, Divandarreh, Saggez and Baneh. Combined analysis of variance (three years x six locations) for grain yield showed significant differences among the genotypes, year x location, genotype x year and year x location x genotype interaction were significant. Yield Stability indices used were Shukla stability variance, Rick ecovalance method, rank nonparametric method and cluster analysis. Results of stability analysis with Riclk ecovalance method showed that Zarrin and Sabalan cultivars had the lowest amount of ecovalance. Stability analysis based on Shukla method showed that Zarrin and Sabalan cultivars had the most stablest grain yield, respectively. Also stability analysis based on rank method showed that Alvand and Sabalan cultivars had the most stablest grain yield, respectively. Cluster analysis for mean yield and stability parameters grouped cultivars into five categories.The conclusion of results showed that the Zarrin and Sabalan cultivars had the lowest yield stability and can be recommended for studied locations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
484 - Effects of water deficit stress on agrophysiological traits hybrids of maize
M. sheikhi N. A. Sajedi M. JiriaeiIn order to study effects of water deficit stress on agrophysiological traitsof Maize cultivars, an experiment was conducted in the farm research station of Arak Islamic Azad University, Iran in 2009. The experimental design was split plot based on RCBD with three repli MoreIn order to study effects of water deficit stress on agrophysiological traitsof Maize cultivars, an experiment was conducted in the farm research station of Arak Islamic Azad University, Iran in 2009. The experimental design was split plot based on RCBD with three replications. The treats were considered as irrigation in three levels: 100% (control) , 75% and %50 (water deficit stress) crop water requirement plant and maize hybrids consisted of KSC500, KSC524, KSC700, KSC704 and DSC370. Results showed that water deficit stress reduced relatively water content,cell membrane stability and grain yield. About hybrids, the highest grain yield obtained from early and medium maturity hybrids. Also the highest cell membrane stability and relatively water content belonged to medium maturity hybrids. Interactions effects of treatments showed that, in condition of moisture optimum(100% crop water requirement) and water deficit stress (75% and 50% crop water requirement plant), grain yield in KSC524 and 500 was high compared to other hybrids. The highest grain yield equal 8624.22 Kg/ha by treatment KSC524 with 100% crop water requirement plant and lowest grain yield equal 4072.32 obtained from treatment KSC700 with 50% crop water requirement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
485 - The effect of water deficit stress and manure on quantitative and qualitative yield and some characteristics of physiological (Plantago Ovata Forssk.)
B. Afsharmanesh Gh. Afsharmanesh M. A. Vakili ShahrbabakiIn order to study effect of water deficit stress and manure onon quantitative and qualitative yield and some characteristics of physiologicalof plantago ovate a pot experiment was performed at the greenhouse of Jiroft Islamic Azad University, Iran, in 2009. For this pur MoreIn order to study effect of water deficit stress and manure onon quantitative and qualitative yield and some characteristics of physiologicalof plantago ovate a pot experiment was performed at the greenhouse of Jiroft Islamic Azad University, Iran, in 2009. For this purpose split plot design based on complete randomized block with 3 replication was used. Irrigation treatments consist of 3 level: 75%FC (mild stress), 50%FC (Medium stress) and 25%FC (Sever Stress) were main factors and manure levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 ton/ha) were selected as sub factors. The results showed effect of water deficit stress and manure and also interaction effect between two factor on seed yield were significant (P<5% and p<1%). Highest seed yield (232.3 kg/ha) obtained from mild stress with using 20 ton/ha manure. This two factor had no significant on mucilage. With increasing water deficit stress RWC was decreased. The maximum RWC obtained by using 40 ton/ha. Cell membrane stability was decreased under sever stress. Thus in Jiroft it's necessary for reach high yield in plantago ovata 20 t/ha manure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
486 - Quercetin Fatty Acid Esters: from Synthesis to the Mushroom Tyrosinase Inhibition
Zohreh Jamali Golam Reza Rezaei Behbahan Karim Zare Nematollah Gheibi -
Open Access Article
487 - The Miderating Effect of Bilateral Investment Treaty Stringency on the Relationship between Political Instability and Subsidiary Ownership
mostafa heidari haratemehDeveloped industrialized countries use bilateral investment treaties to protect the rights of companies when investing in uncertain markets but developing and emerging countries are concluding BITs to attract more foreign direct investment and compete for a larger share MoreDeveloped industrialized countries use bilateral investment treaties to protect the rights of companies when investing in uncertain markets but developing and emerging countries are concluding BITs to attract more foreign direct investment and compete for a larger share of FDI. a range of developing and newly industrialized countries with a sample of 156 in a 15-year period from 2004 to 2019 with an average of 3 new foreign investments per year were selected and analyzed using binary logistic regression. The results showed: a) The effect of political instability variables and BIT stringency is not significant in non-interactively, but interactively with increasing political instability, BITs reverse the priorities of MNEs to choose majority ownership over minority ownership. b) At higher levels of political instability, greater BIT stringency increases the likelihood of increasing MNE selection from stocks. C) The stringency of BIT acts to moderate the relationship between political instability and the choice of sub-ownership in host countries. And more stringent BIT, as political instability increases, encourages the MNE to choose majority ownership over minority. Thus, more stringent bilateral investment treaties encourage multinational corporations to choose majority stocks as political instability increases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
488 - The relationship among the cash components of profit, the stability of profit and the probability of bankruptcy of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
Amin Ghamari Moghaddam Mahmoud Lari Dasht Bayaz Habibollah NakhaeiPurpose: The purpose of this study is to the relationship Among the stability of profit components and cash components of interest and their relationship with bankruptcy in the Tehran Stock Exchange.Methodology: In order to achieve the purpose of the research, a sample MorePurpose: The purpose of this study is to the relationship Among the stability of profit components and cash components of interest and their relationship with bankruptcy in the Tehran Stock Exchange.Methodology: In order to achieve the purpose of the research, a sample of 130 companies from among the companies of Tehran Stock Exchange and companies that are subject to Article 141 of the Commercial Law (bankrupt) and have left the Exchange and Securities Organization, for a period of 5 years between 2016-2020. Is. Data collection has been done using modern mortgage software and stock exchange organization websites. In this research, E-views 8 econometric software has been used for final analysis.Findings: The cash component of profit has a stronger relationship with the future profit of the company than the accrual component of profit and therefore has more stability than the accrual component of profit. Also, the result of the second hypothesis showed that the stability of the cash component of profit the stability of the cash component paid to shareholders is greater than the stability of other cash components. Finally, in the third hypothesis, the stability of the cash component of profit with the financial health of the company is greater than the stability of the accrual component of profit.Originality / Value: The present study provides evidence for the relationship between the cash components of profit, profit stability and the probability (prediction) of bankruptcy of accepted companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
489 - The effect of dividend policy on the financial stability of Iranian banks
Seyyed Yahya Asadollahi Somayeh Matin Marzieh YosofinejadPurpose: The present study examines the effect of dividend policy on the financial stability of banks. For this purpose, the relationship between the dividend policy and the stability of the dividend policy with the financial stability of banks in the long and short ter MorePurpose: The present study examines the effect of dividend policy on the financial stability of banks. For this purpose, the relationship between the dividend policy and the stability of the dividend policy with the financial stability of banks in the long and short term was tested. Methodology: In this research, 23 banks admitted to the Tehran stock exchange and over-the-counter stock exchange in the period between 2011 and 2019 were examined. The data of the research was collected with the approach of mixed data and using the estimation method of the vector autoregression model by the method of co-accumulation of Johansson-Josilius and the vector error correction model and it was statistically analyzed with the help of Eviews software.Findings: The results of the research show that the ratio of dividends paid has a positive and significant effect on the financial stability of banks in the long term, and the ratio of accumulated profits also has a negative and significant effect on the financial stability of banks in the long term, and the findings showed that stability in the distribution policy Dividends have a positive and significant effect on the financial stability of banks in the long term.Originality/scientific added value: The importance of the financial stability of banks in the monetary system has made it necessary to study the effect of profit sharing policies on the financial stability of banks. Dividends can have a great impact on the cost of capital, financial risks and the future price of banks' stocks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
490 - Electrophoretic deposition of SiC nanoparticles
علی گلشنی عجب شیر حسین آقاجانی محمد جعفرپور سهند بهرنگیThe aim of this research is to investigate the stability of SiC nanoparticles for deposition on C/C composite by EPD method. Thus, different suspensions were prepared with different solvents and in presence of PEI as dispersant. The stability of suspensions was studied MoreThe aim of this research is to investigate the stability of SiC nanoparticles for deposition on C/C composite by EPD method. Thus, different suspensions were prepared with different solvents and in presence of PEI as dispersant. The stability of suspensions was studied by using their macroscopic pictures after 24 h, and measurement of zeta potential values and particle size distribution. Thereafter, the coating was applied onto the substrate using the optimized suspension. The results showed that the suspension prepared in ethanol, with pH=10 and addition of 6 wt% PEI has the best stability. Also, SEM micrographs revealed that the coating applied with the voltage of 30 V results in a better quality and has a uniform and pitiless surface. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
491 - Enhanced thermal stability of Zr56Co28Al16 bulk metallic glass with addition of Ag and Cu elements
Masoud Mohammadi Rahvard Morteza Tamizifar Seyed Mohammad Ali BoutorabiThe non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of Zr56Co28Al16, Zr56Co24Ag4Al16 and Zr56Co22Cu6Al16 BMGs were studied by differential scanning calorimetry at the continuous heating rates of 10, 20, 30 and 40 K/min. The crystallization kinetics parameters, including the eff MoreThe non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of Zr56Co28Al16, Zr56Co24Ag4Al16 and Zr56Co22Cu6Al16 BMGs were studied by differential scanning calorimetry at the continuous heating rates of 10, 20, 30 and 40 K/min. The crystallization kinetics parameters, including the effective and local activation energies corresponding to the characteristic temperatures, sensitivity of the characteristic temperatures to the heating rate were investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the glassy alloys structure. The activation energies of characteristic temperatures were obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa methods. Also, the heating rate sensitivity of characteristic temperatures was determined by Lasoca method. The Ag-bearing Zr-based BMG presented higher activation energies with values of Eg=402, EX1= 336 and EX2= 395 kJ/mol and lower heating rate sensitivity in regard to characteristic temperatures, indicating a higher stabilization of the supercooled liquid, which can be correlated with the existence of strong icosahedral short range order (ISRO) clusters in the structure Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
492 - The correlation between fracture surface morphology and toughness/ductility in Zr46(Cu4.5/5.5Ag1/5.5)46Al8 bulk metallic glass
Mohammad Taghi Asadi KhanoukiIn this research, the fracture behavior and ductile to brittle transition (DBT) phenomenon, as well as the correlation between fracture surface morphologies and ductility/toughness in a Zr-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) is investigated. The amorphous alloy was produced MoreIn this research, the fracture behavior and ductile to brittle transition (DBT) phenomenon, as well as the correlation between fracture surface morphologies and ductility/toughness in a Zr-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) is investigated. The amorphous alloy was produced by arc melting pure elements and suction casting into a water-cooled copper mold. Then, the three point bending test was used at two temperatures of 77 and 298 K and displacement rate of 0.2 mm/min. Fracture surfaces were observed through scanning electron microscopy after bending tests. The fracture toughness of samples is determined by measuring the size of fracture surface morphologies, and the brittle and ductile fracture mechanisms were theoretically studied by using the fluid meniscus instability model. Although the Zr-based BMG is nearly ductile at room temperature, at very low temperature (77 K) it becomes more brittle. Results show that the mean fracture toughness changes from ~16 MPa.m1/2 at 298 K to ~3.5 MPa.m1/2 at 77 K. Furthermore, the critical wavelength of meniscus instability (λc) is calculated to be 127 nm for the present alloy. According to the results, if the initial wavelength of meniscus instability (λI) is smaller than the λc, periodic nano-corrugation morphologies can be observed on the fracture surface. On the contrary, if λI is larger than λc, the dimples or vein-like patterns are more likely to be form on the fracture surface. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
493 - Investigation of rheological properties and stability of aqueous suspensions containing YSZ ceramic nanoparticles
Reza Pourshahsavari AMIRHOSSEIN YAGHTIN Navid HosseinabadiApplication of YSZ nanoceramic in liquid phase suspension as raw material in plasma coating process leads to thermal barrier coatings with more desirable properties. The key is to achieve a stable aqueous suspension containing these ceramic nanoparticles. In this resear MoreApplication of YSZ nanoceramic in liquid phase suspension as raw material in plasma coating process leads to thermal barrier coatings with more desirable properties. The key is to achieve a stable aqueous suspension containing these ceramic nanoparticles. In this research, the rheological properties and stability of YSZ nanoparticles in aqueous medium have been investigated. The type of dispersants added to the suspension and the chemical properties of the aqueous medium were studied as influential factors in the stability of the suspension containing by 30 weight percent. In order to characterize the properties, viscosity, zeta potential, NTU and TSI factor and sedimentation rate were performed and also the aging properties of different suspensions were studied over time. The results showed that the use of alpha terpineol dispersant with a concentration of 0.1 wt% in aqueous medium with a pH of 2.5 has led to an optimal suspension with optimum viscosity and stability conditions, defined as viscosities at 1.5 cp, zeta potential at 56 mV and Nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) 3680 were obtained. Microstructural study of the thermal barrier coating created by plasma spraying of the optimal suspension indicates the formation of a columnar structure that will have higher stability and strength properties in this type of coating. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
494 - Dynamic Instability Analysis of Embedded Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes under Combined Static and Periodic Axial Loads using Floquet–Lyapunov Theory
Habib Ramezannejad Hemad Keshavarzpour Reza AnsariThe dynamic instability of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) and triple-walled carbon nanotubes (TWCNT) embedded in an elastic medium under combined static and periodic axial loads are investigated using Floquet–Lyapuno MoreThe dynamic instability of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) and triple-walled carbon nanotubes (TWCNT) embedded in an elastic medium under combined static and periodic axial loads are investigated using Floquet–Lyapunov theory. An elastic multiple-beam model is utilized where the nested slender nanotubes are coupled with each other through the van der Waals (vdW) interlayer interaction. Moreover, a radius-dependent vdW interaction coefficient accounting for the contribution of the vdW interactions between adjacent and non-adjacent layers is considered. The Galerkin’s approximate method on the basis of trigonometric mode shape functions is used to reduce the coupled governing partial differential equations to a system of extended Mathieu-Hill equations. Applying Floquet–Lyapunov theory, the effects of elastic medium, length, number of layers and exciting frequencies on the instability conditions of CNTs are investigated. Results show that elastic medium, length of CNTs, number of layer and exciting frequency have significant effect on instability conditions of multi-walled CNTs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
495 - On the dynamic stability of a flying vehicle under the follower and transversal forces
Omid Kavianipour Majid SohrabianThis paper deals with the problem of the instability regions of a free-free uniform Bernoulli beam consisting of two concentrated masses at the two free ends under the follower and transversal forces as a model for a space structure. The follower force is the model for MoreThis paper deals with the problem of the instability regions of a free-free uniform Bernoulli beam consisting of two concentrated masses at the two free ends under the follower and transversal forces as a model for a space structure. The follower force is the model for the propulsion force and the transversal force is the controller force. The main aim of this study is to analyze the effects of the concentrated masses on the beam instability. It is determined that the transverse and rotary inertia of the concentrated masses cause a change in the critical follower force. This paper also offers an approximation method as a design tool to find the optimal masses at the two tips using an artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA). The results show that an increase in the follower and transversal forces leads to an increase of the vibrational motion of the beam which is not desirable for any control system and hence it must be removed by proper approaches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
496 - Dynamic stability analysis of functionally graded Euler-Bernoulli nanobeams under a sequence of moving nanoparticle based on nonlocal elasticity theory
Rahman Khanahmadi Mohammad Hashemian Mostafa Pirmoradian -
Open Access Article
497 - The influence of various boundary conditions on dynamic stability of a beam-moving mass system
Ramin Motiei Mostafa Pirmoradian Hossein Karimpour -
Open Access Article
498 - A quick method for electrical energy system load shedding based on equivalent areas
Shahrokh Shojaeian Hamed Soltani -
Open Access Article
499 - تحلیل پایداری دینامیکی نانولوله کربنی با استفاده ازتئوری گرادیان کرنش
فرشید آقاداودی محمد هاشمیاندر این مقاله پایداری دینامیکی نانولوله کربنی تک جداره به کمک تئوری غیرموضعی گرادیان کرنش مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. پس از معرفی تئوری گرادیان کرنش و پایداری دینامیکی، نانولوله کربنی با استفاده از تیر اویلر- برنولی مدل شده و تحت بارگذاری استاتیکی و دینامیکی قرار گرفته اس Moreدر این مقاله پایداری دینامیکی نانولوله کربنی تک جداره به کمک تئوری غیرموضعی گرادیان کرنش مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. پس از معرفی تئوری گرادیان کرنش و پایداری دینامیکی، نانولوله کربنی با استفاده از تیر اویلر- برنولی مدل شده و تحت بارگذاری استاتیکی و دینامیکی قرار گرفته است. محیط در بردارنده نانولوله بصورت الاستیک در نظر گرفته شده است. معادلات حرکت با استفاده از روش انرژی و اصل همیلتون استخراج شده­اند. با توجه به اینکه تئوریهای کلاسیک الاستیسیته در سازه با ابعاد نانو به طور کامل جوابگو نیست معادلات ساختاری ماده به کمک تئوری گرادیان کرنش استخراج شده و این معادلات به صورت غیرموضعی حل شده است. ارتعاشات آزاد و تحلیل کمانش استاتیکی انجام شده است. سپس تحلیل دینامیکی انجام شده و مرزهای پایداری در فرکانسها و دامنه های مختلف تعیین شده­اند. همچنین تأثیر عوامل مختلف بر این مناطق بررسی شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
500 - تحلیل پایداری دینامیکی ارتعاشات عرضی تیر تحت عبور متوالی جرم-های متحرک
مصطفی پیرمرادیاندر این مقاله تحلیل پایداری دینامیکی تیری با تکیه­گاه ساده که تحت عبور متوالی جرم­ها قرار گرفته است بررسی می­شود. چنین شرایط بارگذاری روی تیر در تحلیل مسائلی از قبیل حرکت وسائل نقلیه و قطارها از روی پل­ها، جراثقیل­های حمل بار، لوله­له­های حاوی Moreدر این مقاله تحلیل پایداری دینامیکی تیری با تکیه­گاه ساده که تحت عبور متوالی جرم­ها قرار گرفته است بررسی می­شود. چنین شرایط بارگذاری روی تیر در تحلیل مسائلی از قبیل حرکت وسائل نقلیه و قطارها از روی پل­ها، جراثقیل­های حمل بار، لوله­له­های حاوی سیال، لوله­ی انواع اسلحه­ها حایز اهمیت است. بر اثر عبور مداوم و پریودیک جرم­ها از روی تیر، یک مسأله­ی خطی پریودیک حاصل می­شود. تئوری فلاکه و روش هارمونیک بالانس نموی برای به دست آوردن مرز پایدار و ناپایدار مسأله بر حسب پارامترهای جرم­های عبوری مورد استفاده قرار می­گیرند. منحنی مشخص کننده­ی نواحی پایدار و ناپایدار حاصل شده با استفاده از بکارگیری این دو روش به خوبی با یکدیگر مطابقت داشته و شبیه­سازیهای عددی برای مقادیر عددی پارامترهای انتخابی جرم متحرک، صحت و دقت روش­های مذکور را تأیید می­کند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
501 - پایداری دینامیکی نانو تیر مدرج تابعی بر اساس تئوری تیموشنکو
شهاب صفاری محمد هاشمیاناین مقاله به بررسی رفتار پایداری دینامیکی نانوتیر ساخته شده از مواد مدرج تابعی تحت بار دینامیکی وگرادیان حرارتی می­پردازد. نانوتیر در محیط پاسترناک بوده و برای مدل­سازی آن از تئوری تیر تیموشنکو استفاده شده است. خواص مواد از قبیل مدول یانگ، نسبت پواسون، چگالی، تن Moreاین مقاله به بررسی رفتار پایداری دینامیکی نانوتیر ساخته شده از مواد مدرج تابعی تحت بار دینامیکی وگرادیان حرارتی می­پردازد. نانوتیر در محیط پاسترناک بوده و برای مدل­سازی آن از تئوری تیر تیموشنکو استفاده شده است. خواص مواد از قبیل مدول یانگ، نسبت پواسون، چگالی، تنش پسماندسطح، مدول برشی ومدول سطح به صورت تابع توانی در نظر گرفته شده­اند. همچنین در این روش اثرات سطح بر روی حجم نیز در نظر گرفته شده است. بااستفاده از اصل همیلتون وتئوری ارینگن معادلات حرکت برای نانوتیر باتکیه­گاه ساده استخراج شده است. سپس باربحرانی وفرکانس طبیعی تعیین گردیده ودر نهایت نواحی ناپایداری دینامیکی رسم شده­ است. نتایج نشان می دهد که با افزایش پارامترهای اثر مقیاس کوچک، تنش پسماند سطح، نسبت طول به ضخامت و باراستاتیکی، ناحیه ناپایداری دینامیکی به سمت فرکانس تحریک کمتر باعرض کمتر حرکت می­نماید. در حالی که با افزایش ثابت محیط، فرکانس تحریک افزایش می­یابد. همچنین تغییرات ناحیه ناپایداری دینامیکی در دوحالت دما بالا ودما پایین موردبررسی قرار گرفته است Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
502 - Pathology of selecting and stability of faculty members in Islamic Azad University with strategic approach
nabiallahe Mohammadi Reza najafbagy morteza mosakhani akbar alam tabrizThis study aimed to “Pathology of selecting and stability of faculty members in Islamic Azad University with strategic approach" has been implemented. The population consisted of faculty members of Islamic Azad University. The study in term of goal was descriptive MoreThis study aimed to “Pathology of selecting and stability of faculty members in Islamic Azad University with strategic approach" has been implemented. The population consisted of faculty members of Islamic Azad University. The study in term of goal was descriptive, in term of time, cross-sectional and in term of the respondent, is applied. To collect data from a survey and a closed questionnaire has been used. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts. SPSS software to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 97%. To determine the optimal situation, using Morgan table sample size 360 patients was determined and cluster sampling was used. To measure according to each criterion in the selection of faculty members, the experts in studied universities that attract at least 3 members of the faculty members participated in the working group meeting, purposive sampling method was used. To determine the normal distribution of data Kolmogorov - Smirnov test was used for the test results for all variables, more than 0.5 (p>0.05); the paired t-test was used to assess the gap between current and desirable condition. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the current situation and desirable situation, for variables specialized knowledge, teaching skills, communication and leadership skills, complementary skills, research and technology, collectivism, personality and moral in the Islamic Azad University, but for variables professional services (scientific executive) and religious criteria was not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
503 - The effect of planting date on yield and yield components of wheat cultivars base GGE Biplot in Gonbad
zeinab taghizadeh Hossein Sabouri Hossein Ali Fallahi Ahmad Reza Dadras AbdolRahim Taghizadeh,The current study was conducted to evaluate determination of best cultivars and planting date of wheat (Triticom aestivum L.) using GGE biplot method in the research field of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gonbad Kavous in 2013. The experiment was carried out in MoreThe current study was conducted to evaluate determination of best cultivars and planting date of wheat (Triticom aestivum L.) using GGE biplot method in the research field of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gonbad Kavous in 2013. The experiment was carried out in split-plot base on randomized complete block design in three replications. Sowing dates of January 15 and 29 and February 11 assigned in main plots and cultivars including Akbari, Arge, Sistan, Superheah, Bam, Gonbad, Morvareed and N-87-20 in sub plots. The traits of number of total spike, spike length, number of grains in spike, weight of grains in spike, number of spikelets in spike, grain yield and thousand grain weight were measured. The effect of planting dates was significant on studied traits. The interaction of planting date in cultivars was significant on all studied traits but weight of grains in spike and 1000 seed weight. The result of biplot and Mean comparison of cultivars and different planting deta showed that Gonbad had the highest yield and stability. Morvareed and N-87-20 with 2684.6 and 2761.1 yield respectively after gonbad had the highest yield but showed little stability. Correlation coefficients showed positive and significant correlation between grain yield with number of total spike and weight of grains in spike. Therefore, planting of Gonbad cultivar of on January 1 is recommending in Gonbad Kavous region climate condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
504 - Yield Stability of chickpea promising Genotypes in autumn planting of Using GGE biplot
payam pezeshkpour Rahmatolah Karimizadeh Amir Mirzaei Mohhamad BarzaliThe purpose of this study was to identify genotype of high yielding and stable types in different environmental conditions. The experiment was conducted using eighteen chickpea genotypes in randomized complete bloch design with three replications in four agricultural re MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify genotype of high yielding and stable types in different environmental conditions. The experiment was conducted using eighteen chickpea genotypes in randomized complete bloch design with three replications in four agricultural research stations i.e. lorestan Ilam,gachsaran and Gonbad ,two successive cropping seasons (2014-2016) in autumn planting under rainfed conditions. The highest average seed yield (2911.5 kg.ha-1) was obtained at Lorestan in 2015 -16 and the lowest (742.9 kg.ha-1) was at Ilam in 2014-15. The highest and lowest average seed yield obtained in G2(1509.4 kg.ha-1) and G13 (1266.3 kg.ha-1), genotypes, respectively.The contribution of E, G, and GEI to the total variation in seed yield was about 87.7%, 0.65 % and 11.64%, respectively. The GEI was partitioned using GGE biplot model. According to singular value partitioning, the first two principal components explained PC1=36.6% and PC2=19.5% of total variations in data of seed yield. On the basis of GGE biplots, G2, G6 and G12 had high seed yield and yield stability as compared to the other genotypes.Genotypes G2,G17,G12,G4 and G6 were stable genotypes .On the other hand , genotype G2 had higher seed yield and , on the other hand , showed higher yield stability and was showed to be superior genotype compared to other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
505 - Assessing the adaptability of rice genotypes through GGE Biplot for farmland grabbing in some Central and West Asian countries
Hosein Rahim Soroush Abbas Shahdi Kumleh Alireza Tarang Maryam Hosseini Chaleshtori Mehrzad Allahgholipour Alireza Haghighi HasanalidehIn order to evaluate the adaptability, yield and some important agronomic and qualitative traits of rice, this study was carried out with 14 rice genotypes, including 12 rice lines and varieties from Rice Research Institute of Iran along with a regional (Khazar) and a l MoreIn order to evaluate the adaptability, yield and some important agronomic and qualitative traits of rice, this study was carried out with 14 rice genotypes, including 12 rice lines and varieties from Rice Research Institute of Iran along with a regional (Khazar) and a local (Hashemi, Esteghlal, Yasmin and Osmancik) check in paddy areas of Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey and Iraq as the first regional project for Central and West Asian countries under a research program entitled “Establishing a Multi-location Evaluation and Research Network for Genetic Enhancement in Central and West Asia (EMERGE-CWA)”. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Simple and combined analysis of variance, comparison means of traits and stability analysis through GGE Biplot was conducted. Stability analysis results for yield based on compound analysis in three regions of Turkey, Iraq and Iran by GGE Biplot method revealed that the most stable genotypes are Gohar, Dorfak, 184104-34, 184104-11, 18333-12 and 18425-20, respectively. These genotypes had higher yield than average. This research resulted in selecting line 18426-56-3 in Turkey, Shiroodi and Dorfak varieties in Iraq, five promising line including 18425-20, 18436-56-3, 184104-34, 184104-11 and 18433-12 in Iran as the genotypes with high and intermediate yield and desirable agronomic and grain quality characteristics. These genotypes would be utilized in advanced trials of various rice breeding programs to release directly as new varieties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
506 - Effect of defoliation and on morphophysiological characteristics under drought stress condition in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)
Mohsen Porahmadi Rahim Honarnejad meysam oveysiIn order to investigate effect of drought stress and defoliation on sorghum an experiment were conducted in form of split plot based on randomized complete block design with four replications at field of Islamic Azad University, Varamin branch in 2011. Treatments are in MoreIn order to investigate effect of drought stress and defoliation on sorghum an experiment were conducted in form of split plot based on randomized complete block design with four replications at field of Islamic Azad University, Varamin branch in 2011. Treatments are include drought stress in three levels (irrigation after 50, 90 and 130 mm evaporation from pan class A) and defoliation in three level (Control, Defoliation 33 and 66). The results showed that drought stress had significant effect on leaf area at floury stage, Biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, lead fresh and dry weight at flowering stage, stem fresh weight at flowering stage, leaf dry weight at floury stage, stem fresh and dry weight at floury stage, flower dry weight at floury stage, stem length at floury stage, thousand seed weight, panicle length at floury stage, stem diameter, dry weight at physiologic maturity. Defoliation showed significant difference on leaf area at flowering and floury stage, biologic yield, grain yield, harvest index, flower fresh and dry weight at flowering stage, stem dry weight at flowering stage leaf fresh and dry weight at floury stage, stem fresh and dry weight at flowering stage, flower fresh and dry weight at floury stage, thousand seed weight, panicle length at floury stage, stem diameter, dry weight at physiologic maturity. Chlorophyll amount, EC, biological yield, panicle length at flowering and flouring stage under drought stress in contrast to normal irrigation decreased respectively 5, 36, 5, 3 and 3. By increasing in water deficit and Defoliation decreased plant morphologic and physiologic characteristics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
507 - Studying Impact of Unified Power Flow Controller on improve transient stability by Improved Harmony Search Algorithm
Mehdi Nafar Mostafa Abbasi Mojtaba Abbasi -
Open Access Article
508 - The Effect of Core Muscles’ Fatigue on Agility in Female Athletes
sohila minaei aliakbar jadidiyanFatigue is a common phenomenon during sports activities affecting athletic performance. Core muscle actions can affect performance of the whole body and extremities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of core muscle fatigue on female athletes’ agi MoreFatigue is a common phenomenon during sports activities affecting athletic performance. Core muscle actions can affect performance of the whole body and extremities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of core muscle fatigue on female athletes’ agility. 30 healthy female students, active in sports teams, accomplished Illinois, 505 and T agility tests on two sessions. The first was held before and the second after the fatigue protocol. Within group comparisons were determined with paired t test. The results showed that core muscles fatigue can lead to significant reduction in agility tests scores (p < 0/05). Further, Cohen’s effect size value of T (d=0/673), 505 (d=1/925) and Illinois (d=1/873) agility tests suggested a moderate, and high to very high practical significance. According to the results, it is recommended to perform functional exercises simulated to sport activities; including agility and core stability exercises to prevent fatigue and injury. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
509 - The Structure of the Political Elite’s Behavioral Patterns in Iran after Islamic Revolution
Daryoush Piri nooshin mirzaei jegarloeiThe current study aims to investigate the behavioral patterns of the political elite and their consequences on Iran’s political stability. A plethora of researchers have studied the significant role of the political elite and have examined their behavioral pattern MoreThe current study aims to investigate the behavioral patterns of the political elite and their consequences on Iran’s political stability. A plethora of researchers have studied the significant role of the political elite and have examined their behavioral patterns within societies which portrays its importance in the field of political sociology. To this end, the school of elitism has been coined by scholars in political sociology in order to consider this field as vital in sociology in the generic sense of the word. With regard to the elite performance in Iran, a large number of researchers such as Zonis have theorized a variety of concepts which have led to the identification of the political elite behavioral patterns in Iran before Islamic Republic of Iran’s revolution. In line with Zonis’ viewpoints, many other theorists, also, hold that the behavioral pattern of the elite, specifically their political behavior, share features with Higley and Burton’s disperse or disconsensus theory. In their model, they argue that there are some features for the behavioral patterns of the elite which have led to the non-stability and lack of political development in the developing countries such as Iran as history have showed us. In particular, such behavioral patterns in Iran have rooted deeply in Iranian political, cultural, and social patterns in a way that Iranian political society has been afflicted with a non-developmental disease both before and after the Islamic Republic of Iran’s revolution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
510 - Political and social consequences of the emergence of the new middle class in Iran during the Second Pahlavi era
saeed jahangiri Abolghasem TaheriThe present article deals with the concept of the new middle class and how it develops and functions at the time of the second Pahlavi years. It can be said that the new middle class, in parallel with its growth, could not find a very high status in political and social MoreThe present article deals with the concept of the new middle class and how it develops and functions at the time of the second Pahlavi years. It can be said that the new middle class, in parallel with its growth, could not find a very high status in political and social participation, and therefore, contrary to what the government had before, became a government against it. In this regard, different perspectives on the concept of the middle class and the new middle class are presented, and then its historical expansion process is explained in the period under discussion of this paper. The research method used in this article is descriptive-analytic and has been discussed from the angles of this issue. This article attempts to use the concepts and topics in sociology and political sciences about social classes to explain the historical changes of the period under discussion. Accordingly, the fundamental question of the present research is how does the new middle class play a role in the political development of Iran during the Pahlavi era Second has Based on this hypothesis, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's strategic mistakes led to a decline in political development in the growth of the new middle class and the failure to meet their basic qualitative and traditional demands and the new middle class coalition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
511 - Good governance and discourse governing the executive branch in Iran
naser enayat masoud motallebi"Good governance" is one of the indicators used during economic development. An index presented by the World Bank and in recent years has attracted the attention of many economic analysts and even political economists in Iran. An index that has 6 components t More"Good governance" is one of the indicators used during economic development. An index presented by the World Bank and in recent years has attracted the attention of many economic analysts and even political economists in Iran. An index that has 6 components to measure, including: the rule of law, political stability, corruption control, the effectiveness of government effectiveness, the right to comment and answer, and the quality of laws and regulations. But different governments seek to realize and implement these components under the influence of their ruling discourse. Therefore, measuring good governance as an important component in measuring the performance of governments, which has received attention in recent years in Iran, is to understand the internal discourse of governments. In this research, we seek to examine the discourse of the two governments of Ahmadinejad and Rouhani and the impact of these discourses on good governance on the executive branch in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
512 - Intra-regional security and hegemonic stability of the Middle East countries
mohama javad reshidi fakhredin soltani مریم مرادیConsidering the special and different characteristics of the Middle East countries, the issue of intra-regional security and hegemonic stability in this region can be considered as one of the important concerns in the analysis of the nature of the relations between the MoreConsidering the special and different characteristics of the Middle East countries, the issue of intra-regional security and hegemonic stability in this region can be considered as one of the important concerns in the analysis of the nature of the relations between the countries of the region. The main goal of the current research is intra-regional security and hegemonic stability in this region, which is important for government actors. The main question is how does intra-regional security affect hegemonic stability? The main hypothesis is that; The development and deepening of intra-regional security can lead to hegemonic stability and the development of sustainable security through convergence and de-escalation in the field of relations between governments. In addition to this, the division of power between the powers of the region on the one hand and the all-round growth of economic, political and security relations on the other hand can be a solution to the problems faced by the countries of the region. The research method is a descriptive-analytical qualitative method, and the method of collecting information is library-based and analyzing the collected data using the qualitative analysis method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
513 - Environmental Instability in the Middle East, Managerial and Cultural Challenges; A Case Study: of Iran, Turkey and Saudi Arabia
Iran Ghazi Azam MalaeeTwo recent report "environmental performance" Yale University in the years 2014 and 2016 has been published showing that the number of Middle Eastern countries in these two periods with the downward trend faced. This study examines three important reasons for environmen MoreTwo recent report "environmental performance" Yale University in the years 2014 and 2016 has been published showing that the number of Middle Eastern countries in these two periods with the downward trend faced. This study examines three important reasons for environmental policy setback and instability in the Middle East, Iran, Turkey and Saudi Arabia. Review development programs, management system and cultural and political systems of the three countries suggest that several factors may have been in an unstable environment. In Iran's Fifth Development Plan and the Ninth Plan of the Republic of Turkey, the status of the environment has quite marginal position and The place is very brief account. Of course, this does not apply in the case of Saudi Arabia. Embossed characters and not the structures and rules on environmental management and the power of government in these countries versus, The weakness of environmental civil society is other issues that dysfunction in all three countries has been a lack of improvement and environmental sustainability. Although the Saudi Arabia situation in these two areas is worse than the other two. The oil-rich Middle East and energy subsidy also leading to the production of toxic gases and air pollution. Iran and Saudi Arabia in this area have had a poorer performance than Turkey and with continued energy subsidies, have a greater role in polluting the environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
514 - Comparative study of development levels in stable and unstable population villages
مریم قاسمیUndoubtedly, the most important population problem in rural areas of all developing countries, including Iran, is population evacuation of rural settlements. With the assumption that the level of development depends on the permanence of the population of rural settlemen MoreUndoubtedly, the most important population problem in rural areas of all developing countries, including Iran, is population evacuation of rural settlements. With the assumption that the level of development depends on the permanence of the population of rural settlements, the present research investigates the comparative aspects of development between two groups of stable and unstable villages. The research method is descriptive-analytical with a comparative approach. The research tool is 380 household questionnaires in 41 sample villages in Mashhad city. Information was collected by documentary and survey methods. Sampling has been done by stratified method and the questionnaire contains questions that try to quantify the different dimensions of development in two groups of stable and unstable population villages in three dimensions and 62 indicators. Data analysis was done using inferential two-sample t and Yeoman-Whitney tests. The 20-year population balance of Mashhad city (65-85) shows that 74% of the rural settlements of the city with a negative population balance are immigrant-first and only 26% of the settlements with a positive population balance are receptive to immigration. A comparative study shows a higher level of development in the three economic, social and environmental dimensions in the population stable villages with 14.5, 21.4, 11.1 respectively compared to the demographically unstable villages with 13.3, 20.9, 9.1 respectively and in total the degree of development in the villages Stable population with 23.6 is higher than unstable population with 19.5. The results of this research can be used in development planning. Currently, most of the rural areas and settlements of the city are on the margins, this is the necessity of planning in order to reduce spatial imbalances in the rural areas of the city (between stable and unstable population villages) and efforts to improve the level of development in different dimensions in It reflects the low-population villages. most of the rural areas and settlements of the city are on the margins, this is the necessity of planning in order to reduce spatial imbalances in the rural areas of the city (between stable and unstable population villages) most of the rural areas and settlements of the Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
515 - Stability analysis of grain yield of Kabouli chickpea genotypes at spring sowing in cold area and rainfed conditions
يداله فرايديIn order to study the grain yield and stability of chickpea genotypes in spring planting under rainfed conditions and introduce the stable and high yielding genotypes, this survey was carried out with 18 Kabouli chickpea genotypes in randomized complete block design wit MoreIn order to study the grain yield and stability of chickpea genotypes in spring planting under rainfed conditions and introduce the stable and high yielding genotypes, this survey was carried out with 18 Kabouli chickpea genotypes in randomized complete block design with four replications during 2013-16 cropping seasons at Maragheh, Kordestan and Shirvan agriculture research stations. The results of combined ANOVA on grain yield showed that there were highly significant differences in years × location interactions. There was also noticeable differences in genotypes × year and genotype × location interactions. The highest average grain yield ( 904 kg. ha ) obtained at Maragheh in 2016 and the lowest ( 122 kg. ha ) was at Shirvan in 2014. The genotypes of Jam control ( 494 kg. ha ) and FLIP 06-88C ( 364.7 kg. ha ), Gazvin check ( 471 kg. ha ) , FLIP 93-58C ( 470.1 kg. ha), FLIP 86-6 C ( 466.3 kg. ha ), ILC 484 ( 465.6 kg. ha ) and FLIP 87-45C ( 464.3 kg. ha), produced more than 98% grain yield using variation range at years mean, Romer's environmental variance, Francis and Kannenburg's environmental coefficient variation, Lin and Binns' variance within places, and Rank non-parametric method indicated that FLIP 86-6C, FLIP 87-45C and FLIP 08-55C with high yielding more than mean and stability in most methods, were selected as superior and stable genotypes. FLIP 86-6C due to the highest 100 seed weight ( 34 gs. ) and plant height (27.6 cm ) was superior to the other genotypes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
516 - Physiological and biochemical response of some grape cultivars to drought stress
Mojtaba gholizadeh علی عبادی mehdi Haddadinejad Ali Mohammadi TorkashvandIn order to investigate the effect of drought stress on the physiological and biochemical traits of six grape cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications under greenhouse conditions. In this experiment, MoreIn order to investigate the effect of drought stress on the physiological and biochemical traits of six grape cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications under greenhouse conditions. In this experiment, the treatments included six Khorasani and shirazi grape varieties (Askari, Khalili, Yaquti, Pikami, Turkmen 4 and Suzak) and four levels of drought stress (normal conditions (100% of the farm capacity), low stress (75% of the farm capacity), medium stress ( 50% of farm capacity) and severe stress treatment (25% of farm capacity). The results showed that physiological and biochemical traits increased significantly with increasing stress intensity. On the other hand, the traits of relative leaf water content, membrane stability index, amount of photosynthetic pigments, and total phenol content decreased significantly with increasing stress intensity. Among the cultivars studied, the Yaqouti cultivar showed more resistance to drought than other grape cultivars in terms of the studied indices. According to the results of this research, it seems that Yaghuti cultivar is more drought tolerant than other cultivars. Since this tolerance located in leaf via active mechanisms, it is necessary to carry out additional tests when using Yaghuti as rootstock for scion of grapevine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
517 - Fuzzy Implication Operators Applied to Country Health Preparation
John Mordeson Sunil Mathew Aswathi PrabhathWe use a new method to determine a fuzzy similarity measure using fuzzy implication operators. We use this method to determine the fuzzy similarity between the two rankings of countries involving health security and health care. We then find a fuzzy similarity of co MoreWe use a new method to determine a fuzzy similarity measure using fuzzy implication operators. We use this method to determine the fuzzy similarity between the two rankings of countries involving health security and health care. We then find a fuzzy similarity of countries involving the two rankings of countries with respect to national disaster and political disaster. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
518 - A study on grain yield and adaptability and stability of barley genotypes in cold dryland areas
غلامرضا خليل زادهIn order to determine the high yielding, the grain yielding stability , 24 promising barley lines and cultivars, a study was carried out based on RCB – design with four replications in three years ( 2011 to 2014 ) in 6 cold and moderate cold rainfed regions of Maragheh, MoreIn order to determine the high yielding, the grain yielding stability , 24 promising barley lines and cultivars, a study was carried out based on RCB – design with four replications in three years ( 2011 to 2014 ) in 6 cold and moderate cold rainfed regions of Maragheh, Kurdestan, Zanjan, Urmia, Sararud and Ardabil. After testing of error uniformity, a combined analysis was carried out in three years for each location. Also, final combination of ANOVA was performed for all environments (3 years and 6 locations ). Results of combined ANOVA analysis showed that locationgenotype and year×location×genotype were significant. The highest average green yield belonged to Sararud with ( 2893kg/ha ) and the lowest one belonged to Ardabil satation ( 1524kg/ha . Lines number 12 with with ( 2471kg/ha ) and 22 with 2499kg/ha ) had the highest average grain yield among genotypes in 3 3 years and 6 locations. Results of stability analysis using Lin and Binns, CV% and rank methods showed that line number 14 ( Schuyler //Alpha/ Durra/3/… ) had the highest stability and lines number 11 and 12 showed relatively stable genotypes in comparison with other ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
519 - Interaction of central stabilizer and neuromuscular trainings with hopping on pain and function of women with functional ankle instability
Elham Falahat Pisheh صدرالدین شجاع الدینThe purpose of this research was to compare the effect of six weeks of combined exercises (central stabilizer and neuromuscular) and hopping on pain and functional characteristics of women with functional ankle instability. 30 active women with functional ankle instabil MoreThe purpose of this research was to compare the effect of six weeks of combined exercises (central stabilizer and neuromuscular) and hopping on pain and functional characteristics of women with functional ankle instability. 30 active women with functional ankle instability They voluntarily participated in this study and randomly participated in three groups of ten people: combined exercises, hopping and control. Before and after the exercises, all subjects were re-tested in order to check the amount of pain and functional characteristics. In order to check the pain level, the VAS pain questionnaire was used to check the functional characteristics of the lateral jump test, Latin eight jump test, single leg triple jump test and the foot and ankle ability assessment questionnaire in daily and sports activities. Then, combined training groups (central stabilizer and neuromuscular) and hopping performed their exercises for six weeks (three sessions of 60 minutes per week). The results showed that performing six weeks of hopping exercises resulted in a greater improvement in performance compared to combined exercises (central stabilizer and neuromuscular) and combined exercises compared to hopping had a greater effect in improving ankle pain in women with functional ankle instability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
520 - The Effect of Growth Regulators on Some Photosynthetic Traits and Maintenance of Cell Membrane Structure of Flag Leaf of Two Wheat Cultivars under Rainfed Conditions
Ali Rasaei Saeid Jalali-Honarmand Mohsen Saeidi Mohammad-Eghbal GhobadiWhen the plant is exposed to abiotic stresses, the cell membrane is the first part of the cell to be affected by stress, and the relationships of the many of physiological and biochemical cell of the plant are disrupted. The effect of three growth hormones (3 indoleacet MoreWhen the plant is exposed to abiotic stresses, the cell membrane is the first part of the cell to be affected by stress, and the relationships of the many of physiological and biochemical cell of the plant are disrupted. The effect of three growth hormones (3 indoleacetic acid [IAA], gibberellic acid [GA3] and 6 benzylaminopurine [6 BAP]) with a control (distilled water) was evaluated at booting stage of two wheat cultivars (Rijaw and Azar 2). A factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was setup at Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran in 2013-14 and 2014-15. Based on the results, the effect of different growth hormones on SPAD, relative water content, Fv/Fm, performance index, leaf cell membrane stability and photosynthetic rate of both cultivars were significant. Among growth hormones, foliar application of Cytokinin and Auxin had the greatest effect on the measured leaf traits and the lowest mean of the traits was obtained in non-spraying treatment (control). Between the two cultivars, Rijaw cultivar was superior to Azar-2. There was also a positive and significant correlation between cell membrane stability and photosynthesis rate, Fv/Fm and performance index. In general, in dryland conditions (water deficiency) with external application of cytokinin in booting stage in superior wheat cultivar (Rijaw) cell membrane stability, relative water content, photosynthetic rate and Fv/Fm were 16, 18, 38 and 45 percent higher than the control, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
521 - Study of factor structure and validity Metacognition scale
Fatemeh Rasouli Khorshidi Masoumeh Bahrami Narges HoseiniIntroduction: metacognition means cognition about cognition and knowledge of cognition, cognitive processes and whatever is related to it.introduce and offer a convenient tool for evalution this variable and demonstration its crucial rloe various fields of achievement i MoreIntroduction: metacognition means cognition about cognition and knowledge of cognition, cognitive processes and whatever is related to it.introduce and offer a convenient tool for evalution this variable and demonstration its crucial rloe various fields of achievement is necessary.purpose:The purpose of the present study was to investigate the pshychometric properties Persian form of The Awareness of Independent Learning Inventory (AILI), (Elshout-Mohr, Meijer and Van Daalen-Kopteijns, 2004),inclouding stability,validity and explaratory factor analysis of scale,making preparation to be used in educational researches is done.Method: The sample of this study consisted of 300 students (214 female and 86 male), that were selected from the student of Tarbit Moallem University of Tehran. Random cluster sampling was used. The instrument for data gathering include: The Awareness of Independent Learning Inventory (AILI), (Elshout-Mohr, Meijer and Van Daalen-Kopteijns, 2004) and tested with metacognition scale.Findings: Findings of explaratory factor analysis with principal components analysis, in addition to general metacognition factor identified three factors (knowledge of cognition, Experience of cognition and Regulation of cognition) for metacognition scale according to Elshout-Mohr, Meijer and Van Daalen-Kopteijns, 2004.stability of metacognition scale calculated and confirmed on results of two times implementation test in the initial phaseof 30sample and second phase on 300 students of Tarbit Moallem University of Tehran , internal consistencey by Cronbach alpha coefficients for the sample and so ordinal Theta if a question deletedConclusion: The results of factor analysis,was similar to befor studies in the primary culture and validity and stability coefficients were close to the results of previous studies also. Due to favorable pshychometric properties, this research tools can be used in researches related to metacognition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
522 - An Evaluation of khayyam's notion on the Basis of the corpus of his Authentic Quatrains
mehdi mahoozi There is no thinker like Omar Khayyam Neishaboury. Likewise, there is no poetry which invites us as much to dialogue, discussion, and translation as his Quatrains. I would belive that the study of Khayyam's noti More There is no thinker like Omar Khayyam Neishaboury. Likewise, there is no poetry which invites us as much to dialogue, discussion, and translation as his Quatrains. I would belive that the study of Khayyam's notion should be based on the corpus of his authentic Quatrains. In order to distinguish the Quatrains that were written by khayyam from the derivative ones, it is necessary to separate all of them by studying all this writings and comparing those Quatrains with the authentic ideas snd believes of khayyam which we withdrew from our study on all his works. In this paper constraints are introduced for identifying khayyam's authentic Quatrains. with the aid of these parameters, Quatrains which play a key-role in khayyam's thought were selected. On the basis of these results, it was possible to re-evaluate the understanding of khayyam's thought in European and Western Studies on this subject, from his own lifetime until the present day. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
523 - Comparison effect of eight weeks' core with plyometric training on range of motion and power athletes with chronic ankle sprain
Sajad Hamzeh Abdullah Albujasim Hamid TabatabaeiThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of core with plyometric training on rang of motion and power athletes with chronic ankle sprain. The statistical population of this study included all young boys with ankle sprain. The sample consisted MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of core with plyometric training on rang of motion and power athletes with chronic ankle sprain. The statistical population of this study included all young boys with ankle sprain. The sample consisted of 30 subjects (10 for each group), who were initially targeted and finally randomly selected and matched to three groups of (Core stability, Plyometric) and control group were divided. The explosive power and range of motion (dorsiflexion and plantar flexion) were evaluated and measured before the start of the training protocol. The experimental group performed their exercises consisting of core stability and plyometric exercises for eight weeks (3 sessions per week) and the control group did not perform any training activity during the study. Finally, after the exercise protocol, a test was used to evaluate the variables. To determine the difference between the pre-test and post-test of each of the experimental and control groups, the dependent and independent t-test were used by SPSS software. The results showed that Core stability training had a significant effect on power, but there was no significant difference in range of motion (plantar flexion and dorsiflexion) and no significant improvement from pre-test to post-test. Plyometric exercises had significant effect on ankle strength and range of motion (plantar flexion and dorsiflexion). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
524 - Effectiveness of training packages of Yang's reasoning on mood instability and perception of social competence in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Miad Sayfi pour Ilnaz Sajadian Mohammad Ali NadiThe present study investigated the effectiveness of of training packages of Yang's reasoning on mood instability and perception of social competence in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, pos MoreThe present study investigated the effectiveness of of training packages of Yang's reasoning on mood instability and perception of social competence in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up plan with a control group. The statistical population of the research was children aged 8 to 12 years with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who had referred to specialized occupational therapy centers in Isfahan city in the fall of 1400. Among them, 30 children were selected in a purposeful way and randomly placed in two groups of 15 people (experimental and control).The research tools included Shields & Cicchetti's emotion regulation checklist (1998) and Parandin's social competence scale (2015). The experimental group was trained in Yang's reasoning and thinking skills during 8 sessions of 60 minutes, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The results indicated a significant and stable effect of Yang's reasoning and thinking skills package on mood instability and social competence perception (p<0.001). Therefore, Yang's reasoning and thinking skills package can be used to reduce mood instability and improve the social competence of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
525 - Investigating the short-term and long-term effects of financial literacy, financial inclusion and social development on financial stability in OPEC countries using the PARDL method
marwan abdolrazagh matar hosein sharifi renani adeeb GHasem SHandi Bahar HafeziSocial development is the process of creating fundamental transformations with the aim of social integration, social cohesion, and accountability of facilities brokers and powerful organizations, which can have economic consequences due to its multidimensional nature. A MoreSocial development is the process of creating fundamental transformations with the aim of social integration, social cohesion, and accountability of facilities brokers and powerful organizations, which can have economic consequences due to its multidimensional nature. Among these consequences, we can refer to the category of financial stability. In addition, financial inclusion and financial literacy are two other concepts that can be related to financial stability. In this regard, in this research, the short-term and long-term effects of financial literacy, financial inclusion and social development on financial stability in 17 OPEC member countries including Algeria, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Solomon Islands, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Ecuador, Angola, Venezuela, Nigeria, Gabon, Guinea, Congo and Indonesia are covered during the years 2010 to 2023. In order to analyze the data, the panel data regression method with the autoregression approach with PARDL distribution breaks has been used. The findings of the research showed that the promotion of social development can have a positive and strengthening role in the financial stability of the studied countries in the short and long term. Other findings showed that financial inclusion had a negative effect in the short term, but a positive and significant effect on financial stability in the studied countries in the long term. It was also observed that finally, financial literacy has been able to improve financial stability in the studied countries both in the short term and in the long term. Based on this, it is concluded that social development, due to its broad dimensions, as well as financial inclusion and financial literacy, should be considered as effective factors on financial stability in the countries under review, both in the short term and in the long term. There should be an opinion. Manuscript profile
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