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Open Access Article
1 - Interpreting the words of the law towards justice
mohammad khakbazFrom one point of view¸ sciences are divided in to two categories : 1- sciences that are sacred in themselves and brung man to perfection like the Quran¸ Ethics and Etc 2- sciences that arent sacred in themselves but it is valuable if it serves humanity. law and medicin MoreFrom one point of view¸ sciences are divided in to two categories : 1- sciences that are sacred in themselves and brung man to perfection like the Quran¸ Ethics and Etc 2- sciences that arent sacred in themselves but it is valuable if it serves humanity. law and medicine are in the second category.The art of the lawyer is that interpret and execute the words and materials of the law in such a way that justice be done not that the implementation of the law itself will destroy justice . During the rule of no harm, the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) interpreted and performed the hadith of domination in such a way that any misuse of the words of this hadith was denied by Samra Ibn Jundab And made it clear to law students that they were not confined to the terms of the law. The interpretation of the law towards justice has always been emphasized by the elders of law, provided that it must be within the framework of correct legal principles. The author of the article has done a lot of research on this view for many years. In the books of practical treatise on penalty clause, the three-volume course of commutative justice and the rule of balance and other writings Details, conditions and effects of the theory according to which Instead of paying attention to and enforcing the law, pay more attention to the spirit and purpose of law and justice And along with that, we have brought jurisprudential, legal and judicial documents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Explaining the necessity of good governance from the perspective of the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet of Islam (PBUH)
Motahara Salehi mohamad ghasemiGovernment is one of the basic needs to provide human perfection in the religion of Islam, and its political and social dimensions should be examined from the Quranic perspective. An analysis of the exact meaning of governance in Islamic teachings, the Quranic indicator MoreGovernment is one of the basic needs to provide human perfection in the religion of Islam, and its political and social dimensions should be examined from the Quranic perspective. An analysis of the exact meaning of governance in Islamic teachings, the Quranic indicators of good governance by studying the verses of the Holy Quran, the importance of justice as an important approach in governance today, and also the paradigm of "good governance" as a common and dominant way to manage society in the world. The current research, in terms of the goal, is classified as developmental and applied research, and its method is descriptive-analytical. According to the nature and type of the subject under study, the collection of information was based on library and documentary methods. In this article, while referring to some verses of the Holy Quran, with the aim of answering this question, explaining the necessity of good governance from the perspective of the Holy Quran and the Sunnah. How is the Prophet of Islam (PBUH)? Been paid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The relationship of Spiritual Leadership with Future study and Organizational Innovation among staff
mohammad salehi s.zahra hoseini dronkolaei s.bagher rekabiBackground: In today's turbulent and changing environment, one of the tasks of organizations is to gain competitive advantage that this could be influenced by the style of leadership, organizational innovation and in particular the recognition of the future. Aim: The pu MoreBackground: In today's turbulent and changing environment, one of the tasks of organizations is to gain competitive advantage that this could be influenced by the style of leadership, organizational innovation and in particular the recognition of the future. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the Relationship between Spiritual Leadership with Future study and Organizational Innovation in Fisheries Administration of Mazandaran Province. Methods: The research method was correlation. 351 persons were selected as a sample from 4500 staff in the year of 2017 according to Cochran formula. The sampling was done randomly. Data was collected by standard questionnaires including future study (Parsa et al, 2011), organizational innovation (Amide et al, 2002) and Spiritual Leadership (Fry et al, 2005) that their validity were confirmed by related experts. To assess the reliability of the questionnaires, Cronbach's alpha was calculated. Data were analyzed using K-S, Pearson and Regression tests. Finding: The results showed that 27.4% of the variance in the dependent variables was explained by the Spiritual Leadership. Correlation coefficient between the Spiritual Leadership with Organizational Innovation (R = 0.0562) and Future study (R = 0.0857) was confirmed with Sig> 0.5. The relationship between Future study and Organizational Innovation (R = 0.0483) with Sig> 0.5 had Confirmed. Conclusion: Spiritual Leadership had meaningful and positive relationship with Future study and Organizational Innovation among staff of fisheries administration of Mazandaran Province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Relationship Between Spiritual Intelligence and Organizational Commitment in Khorasan Razavi Gas Company
Mohammad Reza Zabihi Sima SaghravaniEven though Spiritual Intelligence sounds familiar, most people have never heard the termand they may be confusing SQ with spirituality.Dealing with one of the newest concepts in the area of humanities, this article is unique, inthat not only it involves a new approach MoreEven though Spiritual Intelligence sounds familiar, most people have never heard the termand they may be confusing SQ with spirituality.Dealing with one of the newest concepts in the area of humanities, this article is unique, inthat not only it involves a new approach to the notion of spirituality, but it links spiritualIntelligence to management concepts for the first time in Iran.This research surveys the relationship between spiritual intelligence (SQ) and organizationalcommitment. The participants are workers in Khorasan Razavi Gas Company. The gathereddata was analyzed using SPSS software and the research questions were tested. The resultsshowed that workers' SQ had a positive correlation with their affective commitment. The modelquestionnaire administration used in this research is ISIS (Integrated Spiritual IntelligenceScale, 2007 release) and for organizational commitment, Allen and Meyer's model was used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The Relationship Between Spiritual Intelligence and Organizational Commitment in Khorasan Razavi Gas Company
Mohammad Reza Zabihi Sima SaghravaniEven though Spiritual Intelligence sounds familiar, most people have never heard the termand they may be confusing SQ with spirituality.Dealing with one of the newest concepts in the area of humanities, this article is unique, inthat not only it involves a new approach MoreEven though Spiritual Intelligence sounds familiar, most people have never heard the termand they may be confusing SQ with spirituality.Dealing with one of the newest concepts in the area of humanities, this article is unique, inthat not only it involves a new approach to the notion of spirituality, but it links spiritualIntelligence to management concepts for the first time in Iran.This research surveys the relationship between spiritual intelligence (SQ) and organizationalcommitment. The participants are workers in Khorasan Razavi Gas Company. The gathereddata was analyzed using SPSS software and the research questions were tested. The resultsshowed that workers' SQ had a positive correlation with their affective commitment. The modelquestionnaire administration used in this research is ISIS (Integrated Spiritual IntelligenceScale, 2007 release) and for organizational commitment, Allen and Meyer's model was used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Examines the importance spiritual intelligence and self-efficacy of management in global competition
marzieh Niaz Azari Soheila khosroabadiThe present study was performed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and spiritual intelligence managers . The research method is descriptive and correlational. The population in this study were 62 managers of public schools That all these are due to the MoreThe present study was performed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and spiritual intelligence managers . The research method is descriptive and correlational. The population in this study were 62 managers of public schools That all these are due to the limited size of the population in the study. To collect information is used of Schwarz self-questionnaire that has three dimensions of sustainability, effort and initiative And spiritual intelligence David King Which consists of four dimensions of critical thinking, transcendental consciousness, the development of consciousness and personal meaning Its validity was confirmed by university professors and Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability assessment for the variables of spiritual intelligence and self-efficacy was obtained 0.79. 0.86. The results of the analysis indicate that the elements of spiritual intelligence and their level of efficiency and there is a significant positive relationship between administrators. The results of Regression testing also show that Three variables personal meaning-creation ,Higher awareness and develop self-awareness are significant predictors for Self-managers .And critical thinking of managers are not a significant predictor for Self-managers and the results of sample t-test also indicates that The level of critical thinking, awareness of the transcendent and personal meaning-creation managers are More than average but The level of self-awareness component is less than average. Keywords: spiritual intelligence, King Spiritual intelligence components , self-efficacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The relationship between spirituality and job involvement an I.A.U Science and Research Branch of Tehran
Marjan Abdolahi Hadi Rezghi ShirsavarThis study aims to investigate and explain spirituality in the workplace and its three dimensions (meaningful work, sense of solidarity with others and alignment with organizational values) have been conducted with job involvement. In terms of the above research purpos MoreThis study aims to investigate and explain spirituality in the workplace and its three dimensions (meaningful work, sense of solidarity with others and alignment with organizational values) have been conducted with job involvement. In terms of the above research purpose, in terms of data collection, descriptive and co relational. The study employees of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research, which is the time limit for the year 2016, were selected by simple random sampling. A sample of 300 respondents of this study was to gather information from questionnaires MILIMEN and others (2003) and job involvement questionnaire Congo (1987) to spring up using standardized questionnaires its validity was confirmed as formal. Cronbach alpha reliability also through a spirituality questionnaire 0.935 and 0.840 job involvement questionnaire was calculated. The results showed that the spiritual status and job involvement among the research community has been moderate. In addition, according to the calculated correlation coefficient (0.607) and achieved significance level (sig = 0.000) between spirituality and job involvement is positive and significant relationship. So one of the ways to improve job involvement is improvement of spirituality in the workplace. Keywords: Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Relationship Between Spirituality and job burnout Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran"
M. Asgharpour Hajiabadi H. Rezghi Shirsavar Sh. HashemniaThe purpose of the current article is to investigate the relationship between spirituality and employee burnout of the Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad university of Tehran.The article defines burnout in three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalizati MoreThe purpose of the current article is to investigate the relationship between spirituality and employee burnout of the Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad university of Tehran.The article defines burnout in three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of individual success. Spirituality in the workplace has been conceptualized as work with meaning in individual level, solidarity in group level and alignment with organizational values in the organizational level.The population of this study ,which is composed of over 817 people , are the total employee of the Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad university.Among these, according to Morgan & Krejcie sampling table, 277 were randomly selected.To collect data, Maslach burnout questionnaire (1981) consisting of 20 items and Miliman & et all spirituality questionnaire (2003) consisting of 20 items were used.The validity of questionnaires is confirmed by using Expert opinions & pilot implementation.Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient test was determined 93% for spirituality in the work place and 87% for the burnout rate which is acceptable.This study analyzed data on the descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean, medium, standard, deviation, variance and charting and on the inferential statistics analysis was done using Kolmogorov – Smirnov test, correlation & independent T test and regression.The findings of the current research reports that there is a significant, inverse relationship between spirituality in the workplace and burn out and with the rise of spirituality in the workplace, burn out reduces.Some of the demographic variables such as age and working experience are related to job burnout. Moreover aging as well as working experience can lead to increased burnout.However, we found no association between spirituality in the workplace & demographic variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Semiempirical investigations on the stabilization energies and ionic hydrogen-bonded structures of F−(H2O)n and Cl−(H2O)n (n = 1–4) clusters
Qi Wang Kimichi Suzuki Umpei Nagashima Masanori Tachikawa Shiwei Yan -
Open Access Article
10 - Calculating the band structure of 3C-SiC using sp3d5s* + ∆ model
Murat Onen Marco Turchetti -
Open Access Article
11 - Study of Relationship Between Spiritual Leadership and Organizational Health with Mediating Professional Ethics (Case Study: Employees of Social Security Organization of Ardebil Province)
Naeeme Tazakori mohamad feiziThe aim of this study was to investigate relationship between spiritual leadership and organizational health with mediating professional ethics. In this study, employees of social security organizationa of Ardebil Province was the case study. Population of this study co MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate relationship between spiritual leadership and organizational health with mediating professional ethics. In this study, employees of social security organizationa of Ardebil Province was the case study. Population of this study consists of all social security employees in Ardabil Province (N=340). Random sampling was used and based on the Cochran Table, 181 participants were chosen. This study was done twofolds: first, research and second theoretical. In theoretical part, needed information was collected by library method and in research sector, data were collected by surveying. In order to analyze data, SPSS and Lisrel software were used. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between spiritual leadership compoentents (perspective, membership, organizational commitment, performance feedback and altruism) with organizational health with mediating professional ethics. Based on the findings, it is recommended to consider spiritual leadership as one of the factors can affect organizational health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Verification the Role of Spirituality at Work on Entrepreneurial Organizational Culture Development with the Mediator Variables of Civil Virtue and Altruism
حسین صمدی میارکلائی حمزه صمدی میارکلائیBackground: Nowadays, entrepreneurship as one of the best economic development strategy for the promotion of economic growth and enhancing competitiveness in the face are seen of increasing globalization trends, In order to gain benefits from entrepreneurship in organiz MoreBackground: Nowadays, entrepreneurship as one of the best economic development strategy for the promotion of economic growth and enhancing competitiveness in the face are seen of increasing globalization trends, In order to gain benefits from entrepreneurship in organizational.Objective: The goal of this paper is verification the role of spirituality at work on entrepreneurial organizational culture development with the mediator variables of civil virtue and altruism in housing foundation of Islamic revolution of Mazandaran province. Methods: The method used in this study in terms of data collection is descriptive- survey method and in terms of research purposes, it is an applied research. The statistical population of the research consisted of all staffs of housing foundation of Islamic revolution of Mazandaran province. Using Cochran’s sampling formula, 147 staffs were selected as research sample, andLISREL and SPSS software were used for data analyzing.Findings: The research results indicated that formation of spirituality at work paves the way for entrepreneurial organizational culture. Significant role in mediating civil virtue and altruism on the relationship between variables was confirmed. Accordingly, Component of spirituality at workplace, there are positive and meaningful relationships between unity and convergence of values, for by meaningful work, with entrepreneurial organizational culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The Effect of Spiritual Intelligence on Organizational Performance by Mediating Organizational Citizenship Behavior (case study: pegah milk company employee
سعید لندران اصفهانی seyed hasan hosseini Mohsen Habibi Mahdi samimiBy entering the spirituality of God to every organization and management, managers and leaders of organizations especially educational institutions must grapple with new phenomena. The role of leaders and stimulate employee is done by use of spiritual viewpoint, create MoreBy entering the spirituality of God to every organization and management, managers and leaders of organizations especially educational institutions must grapple with new phenomena. The role of leaders and stimulate employee is done by use of spiritual viewpoint, create cultural fields according to values, till grown empowerment employee, with high efficiency, engaged and motivated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence on performance through organizational citizenship behavior. In this research, organizational citizenship behavior has been used as a mediator variable. The statistical population of this research is employees of Isfahan Milk Pegah Company. A standard questionnaire was used to collect the data. Its validity was based on the opinion of the professors and experts and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha values. After collecting data, structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationship between variables and hypothesis testing using SPSS and Amos software. The results of the research indicate acceptance of all research hypotheses. In other words, spiritual intelligence influences on citizenship behavior and organizational citizenship behavior affects performance. Therefore, it can be concluded that spiritual intelligence also influences performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Investigating the Relationship between Organizational Spirituality and Prevention of Rumors in Organization (Case Study of Physical Education Officers State of Tehran)
داریوش طهماسبی غلامرضا سلیمی منوچهر گل لالهBackground: Organizations do not operate in a vacuum, but are constantly affected by factors and pressures imposed on them from within and outside the organization. So The investigation confirmed that spirituality and rumor variables that have a significant impact on th MoreBackground: Organizations do not operate in a vacuum, but are constantly affected by factors and pressures imposed on them from within and outside the organization. So The investigation confirmed that spirituality and rumor variables that have a significant impact on the performance of employees and organizations. Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the relationship between organizational spirituality and Prevention of rumors in the organization. Method: The present statistical population is the staff of physical education departments of Tehran province. The sample size was determined using the Cochran formula 220. Two Milliman Organizational Spirituality Questionnaires and a researcher-made rumor distributed among 220 were distributed to collect data. The collected data was analyzed using the PLS and SPSS software. Conclusion: Based on research findings can be concluded that spirituality and its components (meaningful work, employee alignment with organizational goals, solidarity and individual) are rumored to have significant impact on physical education in Tehran province. nn n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The typology of Iranian Government and public organizations Based on structural and process factors behind them.
davoud khodadadi Ghalehsalimi mehdi mortazavi gholamreza memarzadeh tehranIn this study, by using a deductive approach with a theoretical and empirical typological tool, with the purpose of drawing a distinct boundary between public and public organizations based on the structural and process characteristics of such companies, extensive analy MoreIn this study, by using a deductive approach with a theoretical and empirical typological tool, with the purpose of drawing a distinct boundary between public and public organizations based on the structural and process characteristics of such companies, extensive analyzes with Using tools and methods of classification of organizations has been taken. In this regard, first, identifying the factors for the conceptual typology of this type of organizations and then, subsequently, based on the results of previous studies, the empirical typology of these organizations, based on Dimensions and factors influenced the process and structure of these companies. This research, while presenting a scientific and empirical classification of different structural, process, and morphology angles based on elements (institutional, political, cultural, economic, social, legal, etc.), at the end, a pattern of specific distinction and a certain classification of organizations Government and public, and in this way, managers and stakeholders of these types of organizations have helped organizations in their transition from relief, rectification, coercion, and institutional norms to the recognition of their respective organizations and serve as a reference framework in choices related to structure and The organizational process, for example, has helped in the selection and application of management practices . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The pattern of implementation of cultural policy in relation to organizational culture with emphasis on the mediating role of organizational spirituality (Case study: in student mobilization and professors in Kerman province)
Iraj amirmohamadi alireza manzari tavakoli samane mehdizadehPolicy-making is the focus of attention and one of the organizational priorities. This research presents a model for the implementation of cultural policy in relation to organizational culture with the mediating role of spirituality in student mobilization and teachers MorePolicy-making is the focus of attention and one of the organizational priorities. This research presents a model for the implementation of cultural policy in relation to organizational culture with the mediating role of spirituality in student mobilization and teachers in province.This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive correlation in terms of quantitative data. The statistical population of the study is 21,496 people, all staff and managers of student mobilization and professors in Kerman province, of which 472 people were considered as a random sample according to Morgan's table. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by experts and confirmatory factor analysis and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbachs alpha calculation and by structural and soft equation modeling.Amos software was analyzed The results showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between cultural policy and organizational culture.Discourse, empowerment, retraining, national unity have a positive effect on organizational culture.The results of this research are comprehensive and in accordance with other researches and have been done for the first time in the Basij community. Also, the status of each variable was determined by one sample t test Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Designing a standard instrument for measuring spirituality in IRAN civil service
Gholamreza memarzade Tehran Mehdi saneiSpirituality is a very widespread concept that everyone with personalbeliefs and values has a different interpretation from others. Some believethat spirituality has rooted in religion, but others believe that spiritualityhas no relation with formal religion and is very MoreSpirituality is a very widespread concept that everyone with personalbeliefs and values has a different interpretation from others. Some believethat spirituality has rooted in religion, but others believe that spiritualityhas no relation with formal religion and is very widespread than it. Thisproblem overshadowed the measure of spirituality and is added theproblems of measuring spirituality. However, spirituality management inthe workplaces in the first place requires having operational definition andstandard tool for measuring it. With respect to Highlighting the role ofspirituality in the success and failure of organizations in recent years andemphasizes of country top managers to strengthen spirituality in publicworkplace, in this paper, the important works that has been done formeasuring spirituality and its problems faced has been reviewed, and willtry to providing a standard tool based on country religious and culturalvalues for measuring spirituality in public organizational contexts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Presentation Model for Evaluate Causal Relationships among the Effective Factors on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Higher Education (A Study at the University of Mazandaran Using DEMATL Method)
Hossein Samadi Miarkolaei Hamzeh Samadi Miarkolaei Mina AhmadiBackground: Organizational Citizenship Behavior is a set of voluntary and discretionary behaviors that are not a part of individual's formal tasks at work. However, have been done by individuals, and cause effective improvement in organizational tasks and roles. Therefo MoreBackground: Organizational Citizenship Behavior is a set of voluntary and discretionary behaviors that are not a part of individual's formal tasks at work. However, have been done by individuals, and cause effective improvement in organizational tasks and roles. Therefore, without individuals' voluntary intent to cooperation, the organizations are not able to extend their collective wisdom effectiveness. Today's, OCB has been applied within many organizations as a new approach to the new human resources management that holds increasingly important among the important of its interactions with some organizational variables. Objective: The aim of this study is the representation of a model for evaluation of causal interactions among the effective factors on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in higher education that to fulfill this, Mazandaran University is studied as a case study in higher education. Methods: The method of the present research is descriptive-analytical and based on the DEMATEL technique. The variables of the present research are: transformational leadership, spirituality at workplace, organizational citizenship behavior, organizational climate and organizational health. The statistical population in this research includes experts, administrators and officials that are related to human resources status at University of Mazandaran in 1394. These people were selected by purposive sampling method. Data were collected using a paired comparisons questionnaire. Data analysis was performed based on DEMATEL techniques. Findings: The results showed that transformational leadership is the best influential factor on the variables at the University of Mazandaran, the OCB also were known as the most impressionable variable . Conclusion: It can be concluded that the human resources in each organization are the most valuable assets and play a decisive role in effectiveness of that organization. On the one hand, managers always strive to optimize the utilization of these resources. On the other hand, without employees' willingness to voluntarily and spontaneously cooperation, organizations would not be able to increase their effectiveness and performance improvement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The effect of spirituality on employees′ job satisfaction of state offices in south part of West Azarbaijan province
Sharokh soltani Gholam jabbari Farogh Yazdan SetaThis survey aims to investigate the effect of spirituality on employees′ job satisfaction of state offices in south part of West Azarbaijan province. The sample of the study included 1500 employees of state offices in south part of West Azarbaijan province. The da MoreThis survey aims to investigate the effect of spirituality on employees′ job satisfaction of state offices in south part of West Azarbaijan province. The sample of the study included 1500 employees of state offices in south part of West Azarbaijan province. The date collection was done through standardized questionnaire of Milliman et al workplace spirituality and Kendall‚ Smith and Haulin job satisfaction among 306 employees gained via Cochran formula. The credibility of measuring tool has been approved by many researches. In order to analyze the gained date of collected questionnaires ̗ descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Thus for describing the given responses to the questions of the research questionnaire‚ frequency distribution tables and table of responses by percentage for every single question were used. To show some statistical date coherently‚bar graphs were used. At the inferential level to test the research hypotheses‚ correlation and simple liner regression analysis were used by which the effect of independent variable on dependent variable is measured. The findings of the present study showed that workplace spirituality and its aspects affect the employees′ job satisfaction of state offices in south part of West Azarbaijan province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Study of Role of Managers Spiritual Leadership in Bank Employees mpowerment (Case study: Guilan province)
Mehrdad Goudarzvandchegini Hamidreza Rezaeeklidbari Zaeeimeh FarjadinezhadThe purpose of the implementation of this study is the evaluation ofbeing meaningful of the relationship between spiritual leadership andemployee's empowerment of banks in Guilan province in private and publicsection. The study is applied and has been done by using of d MoreThe purpose of the implementation of this study is the evaluation ofbeing meaningful of the relationship between spiritual leadership andemployee's empowerment of banks in Guilan province in private and publicsection. The study is applied and has been done by using of descriptive andanalytical methods and questionnaire tool, and using field research methodamong 323 as a statistical sample.The results show the positive and significant casual relationship betweenleadership and empowerment (54%) and also the results of hypothesis testshow that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between thedimension of spiritual leadership (perspective, desire and faith, willing toaltruist, meaningfulness, membership, commitment and productivity) andemployees empowerment of banks in private and public section. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - بررسی معنویت در محیط کار و بهرهوری نیروی سازمانی در بانک گردشگری
zahra amirhosseini shadi ghobadiThe present study is considering the effect of spirituality in the workplace on organizational efficiency of the Bank 's tourism . Spirituality in the workplace is a significant component of the work , a feeling of solidarity and harmony with the values of the organiz MoreThe present study is considering the effect of spirituality in the workplace on organizational efficiency of the Bank 's tourism . Spirituality in the workplace is a significant component of the work , a feeling of solidarity and harmony with the values of the organization. The study is descriptive . The population of this research is all the employees of Tourism Bank . The instrument was questionnaire. The data analysis was performed using SPSS and Lisrel softwares . Survey results showed that the there is significant relationship between spirituality in the workplace and organizational productivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - From Nghsh-e-Jahan to Compidoglio
Jamaledin Soheili Art is a motive for achiving the aim and creating successful and permanent works certainly originating from human nature. Also this is the case in relation to architectural styles, i .e . all of them are in the human range but More Art is a motive for achiving the aim and creating successful and permanent works certainly originating from human nature. Also this is the case in relation to architectural styles, i .e . all of them are in the human range but as a whole they reach God. In defining the architecture, it is consumer concern, i . e .mankind must be considered. So , God spirit deposited and reflected in mankind, should be studied and analyzed as the common aspect of all affairs including architecture at large and by this , humans can become close together. This article tries to find the above-said common aspect arising from human needs by conducting a comparative study about urban planning methods of the renaissance period and Isfahan school (of architecture). In order to do this, at first the manner of development and expansion of Isfahan city in Safavieh era has been compared with that of Rome City in the renaissance and then the relationship between political power centers and religious centers has been addressed. Studying the spatial proportions and conversation of the elements shaping 2 squares Naghsh-e-Jahan and Compidoglio would Clarify the common frames of art high spiritual rank. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Clarifying Components of Urban Identity in Kish
Siamak Rajaei Ramsheh -
Open Access Article
24 - Analyzing the systemic risk of banking industry by using EMD and GRA based on the dynamic complex network approach.
ali NAMAKI Hadis KhaliliNowadays, the complexity and entanglement of financial markets are under the influence of various variables and problems which classical financial sciences are generally unable to solve. This has motivated new approaches in financial sciences like dynamic complex netwo MoreNowadays, the complexity and entanglement of financial markets are under the influence of various variables and problems which classical financial sciences are generally unable to solve. This has motivated new approaches in financial sciences like dynamic complex networks. The current research has used the dynamic complex network approach, empirical mode decomposition, and grey relational analysis to investigate the systemic risk of Iran's capital market banks from the beginning of 2015 to the march 2021. For this purpose, first, by building a sliding window, it has calculated the correlation coefficient of stock and then the index of the complex network. Using the results of empirical mode decomposition and grey relational analysis through Engel - Granger causality statistical test,, showed a close and long-term relationship between stock market fluctuations and systemic risk. Any momentum is of a higher speed and intensity of propagation due to the bank-oriented nature of the country's economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Transformational Leadership
Sedigheh Tootian Esfahani Abolghasem Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
26 - Study of Entrepreneurship Spirits Among Health Care Management Students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
reza moradi fahimeh rabbani-khah qmars chelongar hiva mirzaei maryam shirvaniIntroduction:Nowadays due to unemployment crisis that college graduated students are dealt with, developing policies for job creation and entrepreneurship promotion is of the main mission of the country higher education system. On the other hand, student's entrepreneurs MoreIntroduction:Nowadays due to unemployment crisis that college graduated students are dealt with, developing policies for job creation and entrepreneurship promotion is of the main mission of the country higher education system. On the other hand, student's entrepreneurship spirit is the essential criterion for its development. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate the degree of entrepreneurship spirit among students at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 78 Bachelor's and Master's students in Health Care Management of Isfahan University of medical Sciences on 2015 were selected through census. Data gathering was done through a questionnaire with 50 item using 5 point Liker scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic, t-test and ANOVA. Results:The findings indicated that mean of entrepreneurship spirit for all the students (3/70± 0/42) was above theoretical average (3). Also the mean scores for its subscales were as follow: “risk-taking” (3/35 ± 0/59) “autonomy” (3/76 ±0/60) “internal control” (3/75 ± 0/56) “regard to achievement” (4/02 ± 0/47) “creativity” (3/62 ± 0/54). The mean of entrepreneurship score by gender, marital status and economic status had a statistically significant difference. While the average score of all fields of entrepreneurship in schools and educational terms were not significantly different. Conclusion: The above average level of entrepreneurship spirit in Health Care Management students of Isfahan university of medical Sciences can provide Implementing and progressing the programs related to development and education of entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Analyzing the Preferences of Knowledgeable Citizens towards Alternatives in Emergency Products: A Study on Alternative Treatment Services in Sylhet City, Bangladesh
A. Latif D. Dam A. Hasan -
Open Access Article
28 - The Relationship between Organizational Climate and Job Involvement among Teachers of High Schools in Delijan City of Iran
M. Ebrahimi K. Mohamadkhani -
Open Access Article
29 - Factors Affecting Green Brand Switching Behavior to Experimental Consume Natural Cosmetic Consumers (Case Study: Cinere Products)
kiana kheiri rasol asgarporGreen products have become more diverse and popular in the market, but consumers prefer not to change their environmental products. Understanding consumers' attitudes towards the environment can help develop sustainable marketing strategies. To achieve competitive advan MoreGreen products have become more diverse and popular in the market, but consumers prefer not to change their environmental products. Understanding consumers' attitudes towards the environment can help develop sustainable marketing strategies. To achieve competitive advantage, environmental organizations must use green branding strategies to reduce customer turnover behavior due to environmental concerns. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting green brand switching behavior in consumers of natural cosmetics in Cinere products. The research method is descriptive-survey and applied and the sampling method in this research is a simple random type that was collected from Cinere brand customers in Tehran and was conducted in the summer of 1399. The research tool is a standard questionnaire that was finalized after correction and expert opinion. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Statistical data processing was performed at the descriptive level with SPSS and at the inferential level using structural equations and SMART PLS 03 software. Findings of the study showed that green doubt has no significant effect on green experimental satisfaction in Cinere brand products, but green brand empirical risk, green brand cognitive inconsistency, green brand quality and green brand experience on green brand empirical satisfaction. It has an effect. The results also showed the effect of empirical satisfaction of green brand on the desire to change the green brand and the desire to change the green brand had a significant effect on the behavior of green brand change. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Effect of Customers’ Perception of Corporate Social Responsibility on Their Extra-Role Behaviors by Mediation of Brand Attachment and Moderation of Spirituality
Azar Kafashpor Ghasem Eslami Saadat MostafaviIn addition to profitability, companies should meet the expectations of employees, consumers, and the community in regard to promoting the welfare and public benefit activities. In this way, they will be able to improve customers’ engagement and their extra-role b MoreIn addition to profitability, companies should meet the expectations of employees, consumers, and the community in regard to promoting the welfare and public benefit activities. In this way, they will be able to improve customers’ engagement and their extra-role behaviors that create a positive public attitude towards the company and its brand. Therefore, the present study sought to examine the effect of customers' perception of corporate social responsibility on their participation and citizenship behaviors considering the mediation of brand emotional attachment and moderation of spirituality. The statistical population was the customers of Pasargad Insurance Company in Mashhad, of which 405 were studied by conducting convenience sampling and using a questionnaire. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that the direct effects of perceived social responsibility on customers’ participation and citizenship behaviors are significant. It also confirmed its indirect effects through brand emotional attachment. However, the results of hierarchical regression analysis did not confirm the moderating effect of customer spirituality on the relationship between perceived social responsibility and brand emotional attachment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - La_Zarar Rule and Spiritual Damage Compensation on Family
Seyed Abolghasem NagibiFamily is the oldest human institution that emerged as a result ofsocial, emotional and legal solidarity between groups of humanbeings who are linked together via marriage bond. The efforts of themembers of the groups bring about credit and social dignity for thefamily MoreFamily is the oldest human institution that emerged as a result ofsocial, emotional and legal solidarity between groups of humanbeings who are linked together via marriage bond. The efforts of themembers of the groups bring about credit and social dignity for thefamily institution which is regarded as their shared spiritual capital.This capital has been recognized by Islamic social teachings as wellas by Islamic law; accordingly, moral and legal rules, both publicand private, have been stipulated by the Islamic law in order tosupport this valuable capital. One such rule is that of la zararwa lazirar. This rule, based on a hadith narrated by MurratibniJundab, isused to recognize any spiritual damage on family as being a case forzarar (incurring loss) or zirar (inflicting loss upon others) in orderto confirm a verdict and hence compensate for any such damage orloss on family. Also, in view if the spirit of this rule, any damagecompensation for an individual or a group is legally recognized.Since establishing a legal person status for family appears legallydifficult, any individual members of the family (as natural persons)may sue for any damage to their dignity and emotions in the familywithin the context of this same rule. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Organ Transplantation in Brain Dead Patients from the Perspective of Jurisprudence
Ehsan Ali akbari babokani Mahmod sadeghiThe present article analyzes the issue of removing organs frombrain dead patients as a matter of fact and as a matter of law. Givingdefinitions of life and death, it clarifies the position of brain deadpatients. Referring to the above mentioned definitions, traditions o MoreThe present article analyzes the issue of removing organs frombrain dead patients as a matter of fact and as a matter of law. Givingdefinitions of life and death, it clarifies the position of brain deadpatients. Referring to the above mentioned definitions, traditions ofthe infallibles, and jurisprudents views, this article concludes thatsuch a patient is a living human being whose removal of organs arenot allowed. The criticism of the arguments of those allowing organtransplantation in brain dead patients is another part of the articlesupporting the hypothesis of the article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Investigation reasons lack of empirical managerial Accounting research in Iran
Hashem Nikomaram F. Rahnamy RoodPoshti Ali BiatIn this paper we analysis the managerial accounting researches in Iran. At first, we discuss about management accounting theories, and consider the motivation and role of theory in its. Management accounting theory should help us to answer questions of what methods and MoreIn this paper we analysis the managerial accounting researches in Iran. At first, we discuss about management accounting theories, and consider the motivation and role of theory in its. Management accounting theory should help us to answer questions of what methods and how should be apply and what circumstances, and how to affect management accounting research could assist we to provide better and stronger theories. The reasons provide that show management accounting research has failed to produce a substantive cumulative body of knowledge. This literature has not matured beyond describing practice to developing and testing theories explaining observed practice. The results show that Iranian researcher and academies can’t publish their article in mainstream journals and other press. This survey analyzing the reasons of failing of empirical managerial accounting research in Iran, and providing methods for solutions of these problems to researchers and other responsible. Finally, will be say circumstances of useful research which based on strong theories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Cultural Contracts of Governments in International Law with Emphasis on International Criminal Court Judgments on Cultural Rights
faranak neisi Ali MashhadiStudy of legal dimensions of governments cultural commitments in international rights, because of it’s complications, is the most challenging questions in the ICJ. This research started for the answer of this question: “HOW the international low courts are r MoreStudy of legal dimensions of governments cultural commitments in international rights, because of it’s complications, is the most challenging questions in the ICJ. This research started for the answer of this question: “HOW the international low courts are resulted to address the surroundings of cultural rights- that are the obvious samples of governments cultural commitments – and what are it’s challenging of this questions” Research method: Analytical-descriptive research method is a type of library. Findings: The research OF this article shows governments cultural commitments in international rights aren’t just abstract and theologian commitments; but also are practical commitments which are reflected in votes of the bureau Conclusions: just (the) address the surroundings governments cultural commitments in international rights not for certain mention of achievements of bureau is a false repeat Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The employees’ spiritual quotient in executive organizations and its effect on their professional ethics
سیدعلیرضا ابراهیمی ابراهیم حلاجیان شایسته میربلوک بزرگیIntroduction and Research Goal: This article explains the spiritual quotient, professional ethics and benefits of reinforce them with use of external and internal study. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between SQ and staff’s profession MoreIntroduction and Research Goal: This article explains the spiritual quotient, professional ethics and benefits of reinforce them with use of external and internal study. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between SQ and staff’s professional ethics in executive organizations. Method: This study is kind of survey study. Findings: The results with using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient showed that there is a significant relation between most component of SQ and professional ethics. Conclusion: Can be claimed that organizations with pay attention to improve their staff’s SQ and establishing units for set charter of ethics and control provisions can be seen more success. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Spirituality in Crisis & the Massage of Islamic Mystics to Modern Human Beings (Based on the Viewpoints of Molavi & Hafez)
دکتر ناصر مهدویResearches done today are mostly based on the fact that spirituality in modernsocieties is in Crisis. These researches initially discuss modern human being thenstudy the changes made in Modernism period, its impact on the society (modernhuman's way of thinking about the MoreResearches done today are mostly based on the fact that spirituality in modernsocieties is in Crisis. These researches initially discuss modern human being thenstudy the changes made in Modernism period, its impact on the society (modernhuman's way of thinking about the world and their specifications) and the source ofcrisis in this period and the dimensions of crisis in the modern human being.Following the foresaid studies come the studies about Islamic societies and Muslim'sspirituality which is done based on the massages of Islamic mystics such as Molaviand Hafez. Through their point of view, new studies have tried to define how aspiritual society should be and what influences this kind of society would have onhuman's life. Finally, the researcher comes to the conclusion that human must returntoward spirituality and he must also change his point of view about God and the worldin order to emancipate from all the mental and spiritual emptiness and distraught. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Theoretical Study of Flavopiridol Binded to Transition Metals
M. Monajjemi1 H. Passdar L. Saedi R. Ghiasi F. Mollaamin -
Open Access Article
38 - Use of semi empirical method for determination of the activation energy of thermal decomposition of vinyl ethers
Behnaz Shahrokh Garnik Sargsyan -
Open Access Article
39 - Doping finite-length carbon and boron nitride nanotubes with aluminium atom: A thermodynamic semiempirical investigation
Nasrin Zeighami Asadollah Boshra Mohammad Reza Gholami Mehran Aghaie -
Open Access Article
40 - Designing a model of spiritual therapy with emphasis on motivational, social and cultural components
ahamad gholizadehThe purpose of this study is to design a model of spiritual therapy with emphasis on motivational components. The method of the present study is applied and based on the objectives of the research is descriptive-correlation-modeling (structural equations). The results o MoreThe purpose of this study is to design a model of spiritual therapy with emphasis on motivational components. The method of the present study is applied and based on the objectives of the research is descriptive-correlation-modeling (structural equations). The results of data analysis showed that there is no significant relationship between interpersonal communication with full self-occurrence in cancer patients, there is no significant relationship between interpersonal communication with the feeling of interconnectedness in cancer patients. There is a significant relationship between interpersonal communication and purposeful life in cancer patients, there is a significant relationship between interpersonal communication and meaningful life in cancer patients, there is no significant relationship between interpersonal communication with full self-occurrence in cancer patients, between communication There is a significant relationship between interpersonal communication and the feeling of interconnectedness in cancer patients. There is no significant relationship between interpersonal communication and full self-expression in cancer patients. There is no significant relationship between interpersonal communication and full self-expression in cancer patients. There is no significant relationship between interpersonal communication and full-blown self-occurrence in cancer patients, there is no significant relationship between interpersonal communication and full-blown self-expression in cancer patients, there is no significant relationship between interpersonal communication and full-blown self-expression in cancer patients, There is no significant relationship between interpersonal communication with full-blown self-occurrence in cancer patients and there is no significant relationship between interpersonal communication with full-blown self-expression in cancer patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Structural model of sports-based leisure time impact on social self-efficacy in students with the role of spiritual intelligence interfaces
farnaz fakhri mohsen hadi tahan Seyed Hossein Alavi Azim Salahi KojourThe purpose of this study is to influence sport-based leisure on social self-efficacy with the role of spiritual intelligence interfaces in students. This research is applied in terms of application, and in terms of solidarity strategy based on the pattern of the struct MoreThe purpose of this study is to influence sport-based leisure on social self-efficacy with the role of spiritual intelligence interfaces in students. This research is applied in terms of application, and in terms of solidarity strategy based on the pattern of the structural equation, which is implemented in a field method. The statistical population of this study consisted of all students of high school students in Mazandaran province of 789 people, 267 stratified random samplings using Karechti and Morgan sampling table. In this research, self-efficacy questionnaires (1989) and Raddand leisure questionnaire (2006), and King Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008) used data collection questionnaires. Validity of the questionnaires was also measured through formal validity and confirmatory factor analysis and the reliability of the questionnaires through Cronbach's alpha was 0.898 and 0.797 and 0.902 in the data analysis of Kolmogorov Smironi tests and structural equations were used in SPSS and AMOS software. The findings showed that exercise-based leisure had a positive effect on social self-efficacy. This effect was also positive with the role of spiritual intelligence interfaces. The results of the research indicate that with increasing leisure time with exercise and physical activity and promoting spiritual intelligence students Their social also increased and vice versa. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Constituents of Meaningful Life According to J.Cottingham
امیرعباس علیزمانی مهدی غفوریانThe meaning of life is one of the most important subjects in philosophythat John Cottingham in “on the meaning of life” discusses this. Thequestion of the meaning of life is important in his view because justhuman being asks “what is the meaning of lif MoreThe meaning of life is one of the most important subjects in philosophythat John Cottingham in “on the meaning of life” discusses this. Thequestion of the meaning of life is important in his view because justhuman being asks “what is the meaning of life” because of his certainexistential situation. In Cottingham’s view, the characteristics of themeaning of life are profundity or seriousness, achievement, selfawarenessand autonomy, moral life i.e. moral objective values, successand theism or religious life. Cottingham holds that moral life cansatisfy human needs and flourish his talents. But our human nature ispurely result of genetic mutation in simply human view. Thereforemoral judgments do not have objective value because they depend onthis nature. Moreover, human being would not be successful in hisprojects and activities because of his vulnerable and fragile nature. Wecan reach conclusive reason for objective moral judgments and valuesand being hopeful for successful and meaningful life only if we rely onreligious and spiritual worldview which that benevolent god desires usto be moral. In Cottingham’s view, Understanding and acceptingreligious and spiritual worldview depends on exercising religiouspractices. in my humble opinion, Cottingham cannot explain howtheism support successful life because he does not use the concept oflife after death. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Elucidation and Criticize Elements of Spirituality in the Eyes of Kees Waaijman
Mohammad Hossein IrandoostThe term "spirituality" has many meanings in the West. The evolution of this word started from a traditional meaning in line with the Bible in the fifth century and continued until the acquisition of the opposite meaning of physical and material in later centuries and t MoreThe term "spirituality" has many meanings in the West. The evolution of this word started from a traditional meaning in line with the Bible in the fifth century and continued until the acquisition of the opposite meaning of physical and material in later centuries and the acquisition of psychological, social, political and health concepts in the thirteenth to twentieth centuries. Numerous researchers have worked in the field of spirituality. Among them are the books and articles of Case and Ayman, a professor at Bloom Fontaine University and an Old Testament researcher at the university. According to Case and Ayman, three main elements for spirituality can be identified and introduced: 1. The process of the relationship between God and man, which occurs in a moment of the relationship between the two divine and human poles. 2. Gradual process in the sense that the two poles of human and divine are gradually connected. And at this stage, God gradually manifests himself with human beings. 3. Transformation and evolution, in the sense that the process of communication between the two human and divine poles causes the transformation and evolution of human essence. This article, in a descriptive-analytical method, while explaining the different meanings of spirituality from the perspective of “safe” and criticizing their point of view, seeks to answer the question of what are the elements of spirituality? Also in this article, three elements introduced by him have been examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Kant’s Copernicusian Revolution
لیلا نصیری حسین گلچینیKant’s Copernicusian revolution is a well-known topic in history ofepistemology, though its implications and impacts are not welldiscussed enough. No need to mention that analysis of knowledge wasKant’s first philosophical self-commitment. Aspiring of Copern MoreKant’s Copernicusian revolution is a well-known topic in history ofepistemology, though its implications and impacts are not welldiscussed enough. No need to mention that analysis of knowledge wasKant’s first philosophical self-commitment. Aspiring of Copernicus’srevolution in astronomy, he changed the centrality of subject/object inhis epistemological approach and maintained that mind (cognitivefaculties) must be departure of metaphysical analysis; that was arevolutionary idea. Doing so, he, as it is well-known, divided alljudgments from two different aspects: first, analytic/synthetic; andsecond, apriori/aposteriori. He, then, argued that there are apriorisynthetic judgments – by which the possibility of knowledge iswarranted – are universal and necessary. These judgments not onlyrefer to external world, but also belong equally to physics,mathematics, and metaphysics. He believed that his doctrine could(dis)solve the old long-standing epistemological problem in modernphilosophy such as the debates on source of knowledge(reason/experience), dogmatism/skepticism, etc., among rationalistsand empiricists. Although his ideas, specially stressing on aprioriconcepts as a key, help him to (dis)solve some epistemological puzzles,either reveal a few new problems in newly changed epistemologicalscope. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - What Is Religious Empiricism?
بابک عباسی“Religious experience”, in its broadest sense, is either an innerexperience or an objective event that has religious meaning for thesubject. In philosophy of religion, however, a narrower meaning of theterm is at issue: an experience taken by the subject as More“Religious experience”, in its broadest sense, is either an innerexperience or an objective event that has religious meaning for thesubject. In philosophy of religion, however, a narrower meaning of theterm is at issue: an experience taken by the subject as experientialawareness of God; in which one directly perceives the presence of God(or a divine being). Religious empiricism is an approach which tries tojustify or reconstruct religious beliefs on the ground of “religiousexperience”. In this paper, after a short review on the historicalbackground of this attitude, I will propose two different meanings forreligious empiricism. Then, considering Schleiermacher's and James'sviews, I will discuss religious empiricism in its contemporary andperhaps most important formulation developed by Swinburne andAlston. Religious empiricism could be understood as a religiousreaction to the criticism of religion in the modern time. It tries to stayand act within the framework of modern philosophy that emphasizes onthe significance of experience. In their intellectual efforts, theadvocates of this stream have expanded the boundaries of the notion ofexperience. On the other hand, “religious experience” has a differentmeaning and function for each of aforementioned philosophers. So, toevaluate this approach we need to understand these differences indepth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Empiricism vs. Scientific Realism: A Historical Survey of the Developments of These Two Approaches until the Early Twentieth Century
یاسمن هوشیارScientific realism is the thesis that the claims of scientific theoriesabout the facts in the world are literally true. That the theoriessometimes even go beyond our sense data and experience in orderto give us an understanding of natural phenomena and their causes,and MoreScientific realism is the thesis that the claims of scientific theoriesabout the facts in the world are literally true. That the theoriessometimes even go beyond our sense data and experience in orderto give us an understanding of natural phenomena and their causes,and that if we accept a theory as true, we are also committed to theexistence of certain undetectable things as the causes of thosephenomena.Although scientific realism as an independent area in philosophy ofscience is almost recent, as a general idea it can be detectedthroughout the history of western thought where it meets withoppositions mainly coming from the empiricist quarter.Searching through the history of thought and focusing on scientificexplanation as the main goal of science, this paper shows thephilosophical roots of these two approaches as well as their gradualdevelopment since antiquity through intricate evolvement into moresophisticated and systematic forms which emerged almost whenphilosophy of science came to be known as an autonomous field,the period within which the dominant approach is scientific antirealism.The writer is therefore concerned with three majorphilosophers of science, Mach, Poincaré, and Duhem, emphasizingthe main features and trying to come into certain conclusions aboutthe two approaches at issue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Salt Domes of Bastak, Hormozgan Province and its influence on the soil and water Resources
Mohammad Ebrahim Afifi Parviz KardavaniBastak Region is located in the northwest of Hormazgan Province. It is consideredas one of the poor regions of the country according to it's water resources while 7.24billion cubic meters of water run down to the sea in the form of waste water and floodsin Hormozgan eac MoreBastak Region is located in the northwest of Hormazgan Province. It is consideredas one of the poor regions of the country according to it's water resources while 7.24billion cubic meters of water run down to the sea in the form of waste water and floodsin Hormozgan each year without any further accessibility to it.Saline, alkaline and heavy ground water or the surface water flowing through thesaline formations are used for the irrigation of most agricultural territories of thisregion. However , the high level of ground water and severity of evaporation have stillreduced the soil fertility.On the other hand , the importance of water in this region increases with regard tothe dispersion of saline geological formations and improper quality of ground water.People suffer from the shortage of fresh and agricultural water most of the year. Thisregion is under the influence of two geological factors ie. The general folds of Zagrosmountaion chains and the phenomenon of diapirism.In addition to the saline and alkaline states of the soil, erosion has also largelyinfluenced on the decrease of its fertility. Therefore , this research mostly seeks for theeffective geomorphic evidence of the soil and water resources of the region while wehope to detect and offer some guidelines for it.Finally, salt domes are introdusing as one of the main factors of the salincty ofwater and soil in this region, We have used field activities and library and documentalmethods for achieving this purpose. Controling salinity plans should be implementedto prevent any further damage to the soil and water resources although manydifficulties are encountered when enforcing them due to several reasons. Thus, wehave tried to offer some reasonable suggestions base on two mechanical and biologicalstracthers for the reservation of soil and water resources according to regionalconditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Application of satellite imagery and remote sensing technology to estimate rice yield
حدیث یاقوتی ابراهیم پذیرا پذیرا Ebrahim Amiri محمدحسن مسیح آبادیRice is the main product of northern provinces of IRAN. Rice, as a strategic product that plays an important role in agricultural planning, needs to monitor annual production and crop area. Today, management practices can be improved using remote sensing technology and MoreRice is the main product of northern provinces of IRAN. Rice, as a strategic product that plays an important role in agricultural planning, needs to monitor annual production and crop area. Today, management practices can be improved using remote sensing technology and vegetation indices. The present study was conducted in order to determine the regression correlation between local and high-yielding varieties of rice in 2012, with NDVI, SAVI, DVI and RVI indices extracted from landsat7 ETM+ images, and to identify the most appropriate index in paddies Shaft. The highest coefficient of determination between yield and indices belonged to the flowering period, among these indices, NDVI is the most suitable indices for estimating the yield of local and high yielding rice varieties in the region. The statistical criteria show a good ability to simulate the model. Modeling efficiency (EF) were for local and high yielding varieties in crop year 2013 to the equivalent of 0.60 and 0.41 respectively, which represents a high efficient model in predicting product yield is acceptable percent. Modeling results indicate that the simulated yield level is well fitted with observed values. The results of the statistical test show that there is no significant difference between the observed and simulated values (P>0.05). The correlation coefficient of determination 0.70 and 0.66 between the observed and estimated yields in the evaluation of the models might be related to the changes in planting conditions and agricultural management, plant pests and diseases, climatic condition of the area and multiple local variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - The Sufi Conduct and the Social Responsibility: A Probe into Hajj Mulla Ali NurAlishah Gunabadi’s Social and Cultural Views and Affairs
MohammadAli Tavousi Mahmoodreza EsfandiarThe present study examines the views, social behavior, and cultural affairs of Hajj Mulla Ali NurAlishah Gunabadi, a prominent Sufi master of the Nimatullahi Sufi order, in order to gain insights into the relationship between Sufi conduct and social responsibility. The MoreThe present study examines the views, social behavior, and cultural affairs of Hajj Mulla Ali NurAlishah Gunabadi, a prominent Sufi master of the Nimatullahi Sufi order, in order to gain insights into the relationship between Sufi conduct and social responsibility. The study uses a descriptive-analytical method and is a library based research. The first section defines social responsibility and explores notable views on the social roles of Sufis. The authors then discuss NurAlishah's forty-day period of seclusion and his social and cultural activities, including the establishment of the Mazare Soltani Sufi Center of Beidokht. The results of the study suggest that NurAlishah's devotion to fulfilling Sufi commands did not prevent him from engaging in society, which is a trait common among many Sufi masters. The issue of Sufism and its effect on social and cultural affairs remains a controversial topic among Iranian researchers, and this paper contributes to the ongoing discussion by examining the behavior and views of a prominent Sufi master. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Allame Tehrani’s criticism on the theory of not needing master in spiritual journey Abstract
tahereh fahiminajm reza esfandiari eslami mahdi norooziThe needing or not needing a master is one of the important issues to be considered in spiritual journey.A master is a person who is cognizant of the issues and can guide the person along the path of spiritual journey. Knowing the science of jurisprudence, having an acc MoreThe needing or not needing a master is one of the important issues to be considered in spiritual journey.A master is a person who is cognizant of the issues and can guide the person along the path of spiritual journey. Knowing the science of jurisprudence, having an accurate knowledge of the religious law, understanding divine sciences and intuition is necessary conditions for being a master. The wayfarer needs a general master at the beginning of the path and a special master until the end of the way.The religious way and reaching the truth is not possible except through the Sharia.The master who know Sharia will smooth the path and then will help the follower to reach his goal faster. Some do not believe in the necessity of following the master in spiritual journey. Allame Tehrani has critiques on the theory of not needing a master in spiritual journey.He declares the necessity of master, benefits and ways of knowing the master and problems and threats of the master’s absence, as well. Allame Tehrani scrutinizes not needing a master as being astray in spiritual journey and he has considered full obedience to the perfect master in diverse stages of his spiritual journey Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The Importance of Judgement in afterlife According to the Elamite Texts
مریم DaraA number of ancient people believed that some gods will accompany their spirits in the next world or even will judge them based on their deeds in this world. One of these gods is Inšušinak, the great god of the Elamites, about his judgement in the nether w MoreA number of ancient people believed that some gods will accompany their spirits in the next world or even will judge them based on their deeds in this world. One of these gods is Inšušinak, the great god of the Elamites, about his judgement in the nether world a number of studies has been done. In this essay, in the light of the Elamite texts we are going to find out why they chose him for this role, and hence, to acknowledge the importance of the judgement after death for the Elamites. They called him with the titles such as “the guardian god of the king”, “the great god”, “the great guardian”, “the guardian of our city”, “my god”, “my ruler”, “my ancestor”, “the guardian of Susa”, “god of the kings”, and also “god of the dead and tombs”. Some other gods like Išme-karāb and Lagamal were also considered as Inšušinak’s helpers and assistants. So it seems that Inšušinak performed a number of functions and as the Elamites feard him, they gave him the role of judgement as well. There is no clear evidence of the importance of the god of the next world or the judgement of the spirit in the Elamite texts, but it seems that the importance of this issue made them to consider it as the function of such a great god. Manuscript profile -
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52 - The Relation of Mystical Journey and the Rejection of Disposition in the Teachings of Ibn ‘Aṭa’ Allah Iskandaranī
Reza Elahi manesh نعیمه Ibrahimi Ib ‘Aṭa’ Allah Iskandaranī is the first Shādhlī mystic who compiled and wrote the teaching of Shādhlī order. These teachings are entirely based on the concept of Rejection of Disposition (isqaṭ tadbīr). For Ibn ‘Aṭa’ the novice, in the ea More Ib ‘Aṭa’ Allah Iskandaranī is the first Shādhlī mystic who compiled and wrote the teaching of Shādhlī order. These teachings are entirely based on the concept of Rejection of Disposition (isqaṭ tadbīr). For Ibn ‘Aṭa’ the novice, in the early stage of his spiritual journey, should reject to make any disposition because God’s will is all-inclusive, so man’s disposition is a hindrance in the path to God. There are nine stations in this path: penance, asceticism, patience, gratitude, fear, hope, cheerful submission, trust in God, compassion. In the seventh station the Rejection of Disposition is more evident than the others. Moreover there are five states: affability, compression, dilation, annihilation, abiding. For Ibn ‘Aṭa’ good deed is the fruit of good state and good state is the fruit of good station. The final phase of spiritual journey is the knowledge of God, which is the fruit of good station, good state and good deed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Death and the Fate in Ancient Mesopotamian Thoughts
محمود Ja'fari مهتاب SalehThe ancient Mesopotamians, like other ancient people, were thinking about death and the hereafter; but, what attract the scholars’ attention are their deep fear of death, therfore they describe a horrible fate for the deceased in their myth. As a consequence, the MoreThe ancient Mesopotamians, like other ancient people, were thinking about death and the hereafter; but, what attract the scholars’ attention are their deep fear of death, therfore they describe a horrible fate for the deceased in their myth. As a consequence, the Mesopotamian myths were shadowed by a deep despair and hopelessness. This article tries to survey the concept of death according to Mesopotamian mythology and analyzes their feeling about life, death and hereafter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - The Thoughts and Teachings of Emanuel Swedenborg
حبیب Bashirpour Shahram PazoukiEmanuel Swedenborg was strongly influenced by the intellectual debates of 18th century. The great problem of that time was the dichotomy between science and religion. He started his career as a scientist, but after a mystical experience he ended with the path of religio MoreEmanuel Swedenborg was strongly influenced by the intellectual debates of 18th century. The great problem of that time was the dichotomy between science and religion. He started his career as a scientist, but after a mystical experience he ended with the path of religion and spirituality. However, he did not give up the path of science and tried to make a compromise between religion and science. Swedenborg had some strange experiences which he tried to express them logically. As a Protestant mystic, Swedenborg's thoughts is somehow a reminiscent of Jacob Boehme's ideas. His mysticism is mainly based on the Biblical teachings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The Nature of The Holy Spirit from the Perspective of the Holy Quran and the Bible
جمشید Sarmastani علیرضا Ebrahim طاهره HajebrahimiThe Holy Spirit is one of the common concepts between Islamic and Christian scriptures which plays a significant role in the worldview of these two religious traditions. This descriptive-comparative study seeks to elucidate the nature of The Holy Spirit in the Bible, th MoreThe Holy Spirit is one of the common concepts between Islamic and Christian scriptures which plays a significant role in the worldview of these two religious traditions. This descriptive-comparative study seeks to elucidate the nature of The Holy Spirit in the Bible, the Holy Quran, and their interpretations. The findings of this study indicate that in both books, The Holy Spirit is one of the divine creatures that is personified in some verses, and non-personified in other verses. Some examples show that He is a superior creature to the angels and others believe that He is an angel. There is also evidence that The Holy Spirit and Gabriel are the same in the Qur'an and the Bible, from which their contribution to the creation and administration of the world can be deduced. Similarly, the Holy Spirit is the manifestation of God's "visible presence" and "divine power" on earth that destroys the disobedient nations, transmitting the divine message to divine authorities, and helping them perform miracles. So the "Holy Spirit" can, at least in nature, be regarded as one of the concepts that the Qur'an has "affirmed" throughout the Bible. Manuscript profile -
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56 - A Probe about the Nuances between Spirituality and Religion
behzad hamidiehThe subject of spirituality is now an important academic field. Certainly a growing interest in spirituality is one of the most striking aspects of contemporary culture. So, we have to provide a correct definition of it. According to several definitions and popular usag MoreThe subject of spirituality is now an important academic field. Certainly a growing interest in spirituality is one of the most striking aspects of contemporary culture. So, we have to provide a correct definition of it. According to several definitions and popular usage, spirituality differs from religion, mysticism and ethics. Spirituality, as an apriori concept, is not dependent to the concept of religion. There is now a prevalent idiom that says: “I am spiritual but not religious” (SBNR). Why so many people are SBNR? One reason is that religion is more dogmatic and stable than spirituality. Spirituality is interwoven with some kind of freedom, but religion impose and dictate complete obedience. The key features of spirituality consists of an existential return toward a transcendental and sacred entity. This return which manifests in many aspects such as pschico-somatic, cognitive, intuitive and behavioral aspects of men, is an essential factor in making life meaningful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Mahāsukha (Supreme Bliss) in Tantric Buddhism
سعید Gravand لیلا MafakheriIn Buddhist Tantrism mahāsukha means immortal pleasure and Supreme Bliss. This state is the highest realm of Buddhist perfection, beyond the realm of being and changing world, freed from rational thinking and the social customs and rituals. According to Buddhist Tantris MoreIn Buddhist Tantrism mahāsukha means immortal pleasure and Supreme Bliss. This state is the highest realm of Buddhist perfection, beyond the realm of being and changing world, freed from rational thinking and the social customs and rituals. According to Buddhist Tantrism, it is possible to reach mahāsukha, through ritual ceremonies and yoga practices, both physical and sexual, so in this world all human beings, whether good or bad, superior or inferior, worthy or unworthy could attain this perfection. It seems that, the religious conception of immortal pleasure and infinite happiness in Tantric tradition roots in the fact that in Tantrism it is human beings not God that is the subject of speculation. Moreover, the body is not assumed to be degrading and humiliating but it is the sacred temple through which man can easily achieve happiness and Supreme Bliss, if he knows how to use it. Furthermore in tantric Buddhism, mahāsukha or immortal enjoyment is achieved through participating in the Enlightenment of Inherent Buddha, Dharma-kāya or Vajra-sattva, and the union of prajnā and upāya. So Buddhist Tantrism is one of the earliest esoteric traditions that tries to explain the ancient idea of eternal pleasure, a system in which the female and the male counterparts play a significant role through yogic exercises to achieve eternal bliss. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - The Concept of Heart in the Orthodox Christian Mysticism
سید نادر محمدزادهIn this article the concept of "heart", a central doctrine in OrthodoxChristian mysticism, will be studied. Heart is the center of humanexistence, in which all practical, intellectual and voluntary abilities arerooted. The entire spiritual life, and even physical life, MoreIn this article the concept of "heart", a central doctrine in OrthodoxChristian mysticism, will be studied. Heart is the center of humanexistence, in which all practical, intellectual and voluntary abilities arerooted. The entire spiritual life, and even physical life, is based on theheart. Therefore, on the one hand, in the body heart is the center ofphysical life, and on the other, it is the center of spiritual life which isinterpreted as "the way" or "path". So according to the Orthodoxmysticism, the spiritual endeavor is a journey to deep heart stage,which is the place of the presence of Trinity. The aim of this journey isto realize the Kingdom of Heavens in the depths of the heart, and toexperience the vision of God and Divine similitude (theosis ordeification). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - The Role of the Holy Spirit in the Foundation of the Early Church and the Construction of the Christian Religious identity (According to the New Testament)
Sepideh Vahidnia arastoo Mirani Yahya SabbaghchiChristianity was a reform movement within the Shari'a-centered religion of Judaism that, after about half a century, by accepting non-Jews, separated from Judaism. With the spread of this religion, probably around 1st century, the early church was gradually formed. The MoreChristianity was a reform movement within the Shari'a-centered religion of Judaism that, after about half a century, by accepting non-Jews, separated from Judaism. With the spread of this religion, probably around 1st century, the early church was gradually formed. The Holy Spirit is one of the common themes and categories between Judaism and Christianity, which, according to Christians and from the New Testament point of view, has played an important role in the establishment and formation of the early church and its survival. The companionship of the Holy Spirit with Jesus from birth and at all times, also filling the apostles with him in Pentecost and the presence of the Holy Spirit when baptism of Jewish and Gentile converts, are the effective functions of the Spirit in the survival and spread of Christianity. The Holy Spirit has also played an effective role in strengthening the spirituality and unity of the Church and the faithful. And again, One of the influential missions of the Holy Spirit in the destiny of the church should be to guide and assist the apostles and the church, especially by acknowledging the direct entry of Gentiles into the Christian convert. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Providing a model for evaluating and measuring the impact of types of intelligence on investor decisions
zahra bineshian khosro faghani makrani khadijeh eslamiThe purpose of this research is to provide a model for evaluating and evaluating various types of intelligences affecting investor decisions and identifying their components, including spiritual intelligence, cultural intelligence, ethical intelligence, emotional intell MoreThe purpose of this research is to provide a model for evaluating and evaluating various types of intelligences affecting investor decisions and identifying their components, including spiritual intelligence, cultural intelligence, ethical intelligence, emotional intelligence, organizational intelligence, business intelligence and financial intelligence. For Data collection was done using two methods of librarianship and critical evaluation (checklist). The surveyor developed a questionnaire and distributed it among 300 of the brokers and investment companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Data analysis was done by SPSS software and charts by EXCEL software. Structural equation design and analysis was performed by AMOS software. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to measure normality and the SEM structural equation modeling technique was used to provide the model. The results indicate that emotional intelligence, business intelligence, financial intelligence, ethical intelligence, cultural intelligence, organizational intelligence, spiritual intelligence affects investment decisions, so that emotional intelligence with factor load of 0.554, business intelligence with factor load of 0.368, Financial intelligence with factor load of 0312 has had the most impact on investor decisions, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - A Model to Identify the Impact of Spiritual Intelligence on Emotional Intelligence and Its Role in Behavioral Bias Control (Based on Halo Error) and Its Role on Investor Decision Making
ehtesham shahabirad khosro faghani makrani Ali ZabihiThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence on emotional intelligence and its role in controlling auroral errors in order to improve the process of investor decision making. To achieve this goal, a random sample of 300 TSE inv MoreThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence on emotional intelligence and its role in controlling auroral errors in order to improve the process of investor decision making. To achieve this goal, a random sample of 300 TSE investors was selected for the sample. Required data were obtained through distribution and collection of questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation test were used to analyze the data. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and graphs by EXCEL software and Structural equation analysis by AMOS software.According to the factor loadings in the research model, among the variables of spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence, respectively, in spiritual intelligence, belief in religious capacity in factor decision making with factor of 0.81, heart rate in decision making of 0.67, conversion to failure Opportunity 0.40, spontaneity, courage 0.4 had the most impact and emotional intelligence index, respectively, factor index 0.74, stress and stress factor 0.64, emotion control 0.59, external communication adjustment 0.35 had the most effect on the aural error variable, respectively. Corporate cheating variable with the factor of 0.88, disclosure rating decline of 0.55 had the most impact. The level of 0.25 on emotional intelligence, emotional intelligence on control of perceptual errors is 0.62 and finally its effect on decision making is 0.24. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Divine Paths: “A Comparative study of two mystic works; Seir Al Ibad Ila Al Ma'ad by Sanaie and Divine Comedy by Dante”
Hassan Akbari Beiraq Ilyas BabaieSanai Qaznavi - the sixth Century poet in his work "Seir Al Ibad Ila Al Maad" and Aligheri Dante- the Italian pad ofthe fifteenth century AC in his famous work "Di vine Comedy" emphasize the existence of another world through different allegories. In fact these two work MoreSanai Qaznavi - the sixth Century poet in his work "Seir Al Ibad Ila Al Maad" and Aligheri Dante- the Italian pad ofthe fifteenth century AC in his famous work "Di vine Comedy" emphasize the existence of another world through different allegories. In fact these two works depict the utopia which describes a perfect human being. Since he stories of both works are based on phenomenology oftwo spirits in a long and difficult quest. common themes and objectives could be found. The present article studies the similarities and differences between the two works. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Concepts of Spirit and Ego in Quran and Masnavi
Gholam Ebrahim ZadehThe term "spirit" is one of the mysterious and secretive words in religion and psychology fields. Molana knows it something on behalf of God which is unknown to others. If the worldly aspect is left, the remained is the spirit – gift by Allah. The author believes MoreThe term "spirit" is one of the mysterious and secretive words in religion and psychology fields. Molana knows it something on behalf of God which is unknown to others. If the worldly aspect is left, the remained is the spirit – gift by Allah. The author believes there are various definitions and interpretations of spirit and interpreters have studied its different aspects. Wherever there is existence and its effects, there would be a footprint of spirit definitely. The term spirit has been repeated 37 times in Holy Quran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Spiritual Songs of Mowlanā and Khalil Jebrān
Soheilā Salāhi MoqaddamThe present article tries to survey two genius poets of the world- Mowlānā and Jebrān Khalil Jebrān. The flute that Jebrān has mentioned in his “Payāmbar” (messenger) is the one that Mowlānā has talked about it in his “Mathnavi” (couple MoreThe present article tries to survey two genius poets of the world- Mowlānā and Jebrān Khalil Jebrān. The flute that Jebrān has mentioned in his “Payāmbar” (messenger) is the one that Mowlānā has talked about it in his “Mathnavi” (couplets). Jebrān calls himself a harp in his book which Lord plays it and Mowlānā talks about the relation between human and the creator “Lord”. Manuscript profile -
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65 - A Study on Pessimism, disappointment and Nihilism in Maʿarri and Hedayat Thoughts
Bahram Dehghan Somayyeh Shariati ZadehBy a short look at the history of the past we would face the living method of some great and familiar characters whose lives types were completely different; this difference root was in their way of thinking. Two samples were Sadegh Hedayat and Abul ʿAla Al-Maʿarri. Maʿ MoreBy a short look at the history of the past we would face the living method of some great and familiar characters whose lives types were completely different; this difference root was in their way of thinking. Two samples were Sadegh Hedayat and Abul ʿAla Al-Maʿarri. Maʿarri has innovative and unique method in pessimism philosophy and nihilism and his blindness is an open to his complicated life and thoughts; Hedayat who was a nihilist author, his philosophical hopelessness and suspense may be known because of his comfort and welfare; the comfort which he had no role in achieving it. Thus the present paper intends to recognize some the issues and the fields which makes them hopeless and desperate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - A comparative adaptation of Peer in Khajeh Hafez’s divan with Hakim Fozooli’s Persian and Turkish divans
Ayyoob Kooshan Gholamreza ZyaeeIn all mystical schools, especially in Islamic mysticism, it is emphasized on having a spiritual guide. Spiritual scholars believe that it is impossible to succeed in the path of behavior without any guide. Beginners can’t continue the ups and downs of behavior wi MoreIn all mystical schools, especially in Islamic mysticism, it is emphasized on having a spiritual guide. Spiritual scholars believe that it is impossible to succeed in the path of behavior without any guide. Beginners can’t continue the ups and downs of behavior without and spiritual guide. In Khajeh Shiraz’s Divan, there is no definite evidence to show Hafez’s dependence on a spiritual guide. However, there is evidence in Hafez’s thoughts showing that he believes in wishing to have a spiritual guide in seeking the reason for path. Also, he believes a devotee should have a guide as sophistic ideas do. Hakim Fozooli’s Farsi and Turkish Divans emphasize the necessity of having a spiritual guide. This is identified by the praises about the innocent Imams. In his poems, Fozooli considers the guide of life as greater than an angel. In this study, having a spiritual guide from the view point of mysticism and the viewpoints of two great poets and the comparison of similarities and differences Manuscript profile -
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67 - A Comparative Study of the Symbol of Spiritual Personality in Fazil Avaz (Sheikh Attar) and John Val John (Victor Hugo)
Majid Vousefi BehzadiThis article surveys the reasons of Victor Hugo's attention to 'raman Literature and tries to clarify the similarity of his thoughts and considerations to those of Attar's based on theme of spirituality. The main message of this article is "Repentance" which leads MoreThis article surveys the reasons of Victor Hugo's attention to 'raman Literature and tries to clarify the similarity of his thoughts and considerations to those of Attar's based on theme of spirituality. The main message of this article is "Repentance" which leads the heroes of Attar and Hugo to spiritual superiority. Manuscript profile -
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68 - Reflection of Poetry and Ethics Loosing Face in the Works of T. S. Eliot and Mehd Akhavān Thāleth
Rahṃ ān MakvandīSince the early days of Renaissance, most scientists especially westerners have considered the science especially experimental sciences to be the only solution for the challenges of the humans. This way of thinking resulted in the ethics, spirituality, ar MoreSince the early days of Renaissance, most scientists especially westerners have considered the science especially experimental sciences to be the only solution for the challenges of the humans. This way of thinking resulted in the ethics, spirituality, art and poetry lose face. The present article tries to reflect on this way of thinking and its impact on the poetry of T. S. Eliot and Mehd Akhavān Thāleth. Manuscript profile -
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69 - A comparative study of the distinction and unity of soul and spirit in meanings and applications from the perspective of Aristotle and Molla Sadra
Hadi Razaghi Harikandaei Somayeh Jahanian BahnamiriOne of the important issues related to man and the dimensions of his existence is the issue of distinction and unity of soul and spirit. In the field of Islamic interpretation and philosophy, the issue of the multiplicity of soul and spirit has often been less raised be MoreOne of the important issues related to man and the dimensions of his existence is the issue of distinction and unity of soul and spirit. In the field of Islamic interpretation and philosophy, the issue of the multiplicity of soul and spirit has often been less raised because they consider these two as a single truth and use the spirit instead of soul and the soul instead of spirit and state that the spirit and the soul has a single meaning and therefore it has been used together in the words of commentators and elders. But philosophically, they are two different concepts in the sense that the spirit is an essence that is inherently abstract but in material action; That is, it performs its actions through material means; Unlike the soul, which is inherently and currently single; That is, just as it is not matter itself, it does not need material tools in its actions and activities. It is worth mentioning that knowing this matter is important because the differences between thinkers in issues such as abstraction, non-abstraction of spirit, occurrence of spirit and movement of spirit have occurred due to the lack of separation of these two truths. Manuscript profile -
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70 - Comparative Study of Utopia in Sepehri and William Butler Yeats' Poetries
Fahimeh Mirvani MirvaniUtopia and dreamland have always been human concern and he has dreamt about it in his thoughts. In the contemporary era the literates and poets have worked on it from different aspects and utopia owns a special effect in their works. Iranian Sohrab Sepehri and English W MoreUtopia and dreamland have always been human concern and he has dreamt about it in his thoughts. In the contemporary era the literates and poets have worked on it from different aspects and utopia owns a special effect in their works. Iranian Sohrab Sepehri and English William Butler Yeats also applied utopia in their poetries. This paper – which is done descriptive analytical – in the comparative literature field studies two poems: "beyond the seas" and "Sailing to Byzantium" with Utopia and the existing symbols as the main subjects. The result is finding out similarities in poets' thoughts. Although their hometowns are west and east, the utopia concept has the same meaning in their minds and poetries. Utopia for both is one place and the way to reach there is also the same. For both it is just and only a dream and not a reality. Utopia for both means perception, spirituality and immortality. Manuscript profile -
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71 - Analysis of the novel "My Father's Dogs and Fence " Reproduction of Oppression and Patriarchy
Sadeq Karim YahyaPatriarchy and male attitude are seen in all the characters of this novel indiscriminately. The institutionalization of the father's law in the individual and collective subconscious of the members of this fence is so intense that even after the physical death of MorePatriarchy and male attitude are seen in all the characters of this novel indiscriminately. The institutionalization of the father's law in the individual and collective subconscious of the members of this fence is so intense that even after the physical death of the father, this structure appears in other forms. The narrative technique for controlling the signs system in the present text has been adopted so that language itself becomes a tool of repression and suppresses female speech and discourse; In fact, the narrator utters the desired words from on behalf of female characters. The mentality that has become an internal tyranny in the subconscious does not want to be liberated and will replace it with another dictator with the death of any dictatorship and will have to live in "graves, domes and cemeteries" for the rest of his life. The spirit of tradition, however, is much stronger, and is prevalent in mentality, social relations, and in institutions such as the family, the school, and the state, and is in eternal contradiction with renewal. We are always saddened by dictators and we mourn their absence. Manuscript profile -
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72 - naghshe hooshe manavi dar modiriat ba tekiyeh bar ayat ghoran va ravayat
ali rashidfarokhian sanjar salajagh aliraza manzariچکیدهیکی از انواع هوش، هوش معنوی است که ازموضوعاتمهم و ضروریدرحوزهمدیریتوکسب و کار است و تأثیرمستقیم و بسزایآنرابرمدیریت نمیتواننادیدهگرفت. جستجو در آیات و احادیث مبین این امر است که در کلام خدا و روایت و احادیث نیز مؤلّفههای هوش معنوی دیده میشود؛ بنابراین هدف از این Moreچکیدهیکی از انواع هوش، هوش معنوی است که ازموضوعاتمهم و ضروریدرحوزهمدیریتوکسب و کار است و تأثیرمستقیم و بسزایآنرابرمدیریت نمیتواننادیدهگرفت. جستجو در آیات و احادیث مبین این امر است که در کلام خدا و روایت و احادیث نیز مؤلّفههای هوش معنوی دیده میشود؛ بنابراین هدف از این پژوهش بررسی نقش و جایگاه هوشمعنویدرمدیریتباتکیهبرآیاتقرآنوروایات است که با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، بر اساس مطالعات کتابخانهای و مبتنی بر رویکرد قرآنی وروایی انجام شده است و تلاش نویسندگان بر آن استتابااستفادهازآیات قرآن، روایات و احادیث، اهمیت، ارزش و نقش هوش معنوی و تأثیر آن را بر مدیریت و عملکردهای مدیران مشخص نمایند. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‎دهد کهشناختوباوربه ربوبیتخداوند؛معنیبخشیبهکاروزندگی،خودآگاهیعمیق،خردمندیمعنوی،تواناییاستفادهازمنابعمعنوی،ظرفیترفتارهایفضیلتمآبانه،روحیّۀخدمتگزاری،داشتنبصیرت،احساسمثبتداشتن،تواناییپرسیدنسؤالاتاساسیویافتنپاسخهایبنیادین،پایبندیبهعهدوپیمان،اعتدالدرهمهجنبههایزندگی ودرکمسئولیتهایفردیو اجتماعی از مهمترین ویژگیهای یک مدیر با هوش معنوی بالاست وقرآنکریم،روایات و احادیثمبانیروشنیرادررابطهبامؤلّفههای هوش معنوی و تأثیر آن بر مدیریتارائهنمودند و مدیران با هوش معنوی بالا با تکیه بر کلام خداوند در قرآن و الگوپذیری از سنتنبویوسیرۀعلوی، سبب ارتقاء روزافزون سازمان یا کسبوکار خواهند شد.واژههای کلیدی:هوش، هوش معنوی، مدیریت، قرآن، روایات. Manuscript profile -
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73 - Etiquettes of the prayers of prophets in the Qur'an
Mohammad Reza Noor MohammadiPrayer is man's direct relationship with God, it is calling God and hearing the answer. Prayer is asking God and receiving a gift from the unseen world. Prayer is an educational and human-made program. It is recommended that every Muslim and every human being turn to Go MorePrayer is man's direct relationship with God, it is calling God and hearing the answer. Prayer is asking God and receiving a gift from the unseen world. Prayer is an educational and human-made program. It is recommended that every Muslim and every human being turn to God and hope to be responded and not be discouraged by divine mercy. Prayer is a precious act of worship in a practical sense, which has been mentioned as a means of fulfilling desires, achieving goals. Prayer is the only way for the servants to communicate with the origin and it is the only means that God Almighty has determined for communication with Himself, if this communication and attention is not to the origin, God Almighty will cut off His special favor. In this case, the slaves lose the ability to accept this provision and lose the need for divine mercy. The Holy Qur'an considers this a kind of arrogance, even from a being who has no status other than the status of a slave. Manuscript profile -
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74 - Immortality of soul in Islam with emphasis on Quranic verses
Afifeh HamediOne of the most important human questions in his life has been the issue of immortality and eternality. So from ancient time this problem has been considered by religions, philosophers and thinkers. Immortality is ability to live forever and in other word not-dying. The MoreOne of the most important human questions in his life has been the issue of immortality and eternality. So from ancient time this problem has been considered by religions, philosophers and thinkers. Immortality is ability to live forever and in other word not-dying. The aim of this paper is the emphasis on this subject that desire of immortality is an innate and natural in man and all religions have agreement on this issue but in different forms. This paper deals with the subject from philosophical and theological point of view in Islam by emphasis on holy verses and tradition. Manuscript profile -
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75 - Illegitimacy of the Quran and Hadith spiritual harm
Mehdi BahrehmandThis paper explores and explains the principles of the Quran and the Hadith has no legitimate moral damage And generally prohibit the discussion of moral damage based on the Qur'an and hadith authority and prove that Islam forbids the prevention of material damage, Prev MoreThis paper explores and explains the principles of the Quran and the Hadith has no legitimate moral damage And generally prohibit the discussion of moral damage based on the Qur'an and hadith authority and prove that Islam forbids the prevention of material damage, Prevention and interdiction consider the moral damage and resist the loss of human rights as expressed in a refusal And ultimately discussing the legislative statutes and spiritual fulfillment and compensation is paid Mainly on the basis of Islam is the Qur'an and the Sunnah infallible And the legal system of Islam is always right and justice times Even the slightest aggression and oppression very least it has been unduly So how can we say that in this ritual, spiritual damage to the character and dignity of the human character and spirit long overlooked is So obviously the spirit of the book is in the tradition of attention to this issue. Manuscript profile -
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76 - Spiritual Role of Pain and Suffer from Holy Quran and Narrations View Point
Ramezan Mahdavi Azadboni Seyyedeh Maryam AlizadehThe present paper tries to express the spiritual role of pains and difficulties in human lives by citing Holy Quran verses as well as the narrations by Ahl –e Beit. The assumption of this article is that if a human distracts of his Creator is because if his own ne MoreThe present paper tries to express the spiritual role of pains and difficulties in human lives by citing Holy Quran verses as well as the narrations by Ahl –e Beit. The assumption of this article is that if a human distracts of his Creator is because if his own negligence and inattention. The role of the mischievous thinking in human lives is to remind human's nature and his Lord. According to this assumption a human could harm his nature because of some behaviors or social conditions and the Divine tradition is to suffer the human in order to wake him up and remind him his capabilities by considering his authorities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Proteins in the Qoran & tradition
Abdol Majid Taleb Tash Masoome DavoodiThe great Qoran has greatly attempted about the bodily aspect of human which is the place and host of a holy spirit from the unique creator. So that there are more than 300 verses about food and nutrition, directly or indirectly. Because to be physically and mentally he MoreThe great Qoran has greatly attempted about the bodily aspect of human which is the place and host of a holy spirit from the unique creator. So that there are more than 300 verses about food and nutrition, directly or indirectly. Because to be physically and mentally healthy is undoubtedly essential to achieve human perfection and the kind offood and nutrition has the main role to fulfill this. The prophet ofIslam (p .f. h) considers the stomach as the source of any diseases and blames food and nutrition for any diseases .He considers being thrifty in eating as the best cure. In general there are many verses and traditions about this subject that we can prevent physical. mental and moral diseases by using them .. Manuscript profile -
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78 - ADAM WHO BECOME PROSTRATED IN KORAN AND LITERERY TEXTS OF FARSI
Maryam Mahmoodi mahdi MomtahenThe story of creation of Adam is from Koranic stories that devote a lot of verses to itself. In this story has been pointed to different aspects of creation until descent of Adam from divine heaven to rarthy world. Prostration of angels in front of Adam i MoreThe story of creation of Adam is from Koranic stories that devote a lot of verses to itself. In this story has been pointed to different aspects of creation until descent of Adam from divine heaven to rarthy world. Prostration of angels in front of Adam is from cases that has come in verses of Koran and commentators have discussed about it from different perspectives. Also Persian literature is fall of Koranic concepts and it is benefitted from this story. In this essay is deliberated the effect that poets and writers of Persian literature has taken from this Koranic story with the central matter of prostration of angels in front of Adam. Persian literature texts have pointed to the time of prostration of Angels for Adam , meaning and conceot of this prostration and cause and reason of that. In this distance it has been paid more attention to the recent case and general unanimity is that superiority and greatness of Adam is decisive reason for this prostration. Manuscript profile -
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79 - Human Spirit from Quran’s Viewpoint
Abedin Troudi Lajimi Mohammad Hadi Yadollah Pour Reza KahsariHuman fact quiddity has always been paid attention by various schools specifically by Islam. Some know human’s body as human’s fact but some other know it his spirit as his fact; the third group also know it abstract. Worldly and abstraction aspect of spirit MoreHuman fact quiddity has always been paid attention by various schools specifically by Islam. Some know human’s body as human’s fact but some other know it his spirit as his fact; the third group also know it abstract. Worldly and abstraction aspect of spirit is of direct relationship with spirit eternity after death; but most believe that there is no other life after death and explain that spirit would disappear by death and both will waste and destroy. This research – which is done with descriptive – analytical method – tries to pay attention to the spirit by referring to Holy Quran. Worldly schools know the spirit as combination of worldly elements; but divine schools know it in relationship with stuff and would not be destroyed by death. This paper tries to find out the fact by studying six Verses of Holy Quran. Manuscript profile -
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80 - Trinity in New Testament and Quran’s Viewpoint
Mohammad Reza Rahimi Abbas HemamiIn New Testament Jesus is called “holy born”, “Lord’s servant”, “human’s son”, “Christ”, “savior”, “good shepherd”, “Lord’s son” and in Gospel of John and his writings MoreIn New Testament Jesus is called “holy born”, “Lord’s servant”, “human’s son”, “Christ”, “savior”, “good shepherd”, “Lord’s son” and in Gospel of John and his writings He is called “Lord”. But in Holy Quran Jesus is called “Great Messenger”, “Determined Messenger”, “God’s soul”, “God’s words”, “and God’s servant” and is not titled as God or His son. The method of this research is descriptive – analytical as well as historical and comparative. In New Testament – in Jesus part – the dual aspect is expressed not the trinity; in other words only “Father” and “Son” are stated. Holy Quran mentions trinity decisively. Manuscript profile -
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81 - A study of the concept of personal growth in Islamic traditions and the Qur'an
Ali Rasoulian Kamal Khajeh Poor Banadoki Abolghasem Asi MaznabThe concept of growth from the perspective of Qur'an and Islamic traditions is not the apparent growth of man and increasing his age, but it is a spiritual and internal category and differs from its concept from the perspective of experimental sciences and biology becau MoreThe concept of growth from the perspective of Qur'an and Islamic traditions is not the apparent growth of man and increasing his age, but it is a spiritual and internal category and differs from its concept from the perspective of experimental sciences and biology because it enters the field of spiritual perfection and the progress of his spiritual and intellectual powers. As a result, it should be said that since the purpose of human creation is growth and development to achieve happiness in the hereafter, in this study, the concept of individual growth in Islamic traditions and the Qur'an was selected to be analyzed definitions and various examples that is presented for the concept of "growth" by citing these valuable sources. The present research has been conducted by descriptive-analytical method and the use of library resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - The Role of Mandaeans in promoting culture and science from Ancient to Modern Eras
Abdolreza Mazrae Yadollah Maleki Jafar TabanDespite of being a small religious sect, the Mandaeans, in the period of the rise and spread of Christianity or after the rise of Islam, especially after emerging of Arab and Islamic civilization during the Abbasid period, in the development of spiritual and intellectua MoreDespite of being a small religious sect, the Mandaeans, in the period of the rise and spread of Christianity or after the rise of Islam, especially after emerging of Arab and Islamic civilization during the Abbasid period, in the development of spiritual and intellectual life in Mesopotamia and the lands where They did, they played a prominent role, and among them brilliant scientific personalities made a great contribution to the promotion of Arab and Islamic civilization. Unfortunately, in spite of mentioning the religion of some other writers of their time, the historians have limited themselves to the biography and mention of their literature and sciences, without mentioning their religion; but this is acceptable because of the Mandaeans' insistence on keeping secret or the fear of announcing their religion or the lack of transparency in the philosophy of this religion. The findings of the present article show that there were Mandaeans personalities who had a valuable contribution to Islamic civilization and culture, and some of them became Muslims later, which were not addressed in previous research. The study seeks to find the influence and role of the intellectuals of this religious sect in promoting different cultures and sciences and ethics for the development of spiritual and intellectual life in the lands of their residence through descriptive – analytical and library methods in collecting data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Designing and validating a pattern of spiritual curriculum with integrated approach in high school
Hamid Reza karami Doroodkhani Esmaeil Kazem poor Jafar GhahramaniThe purpose of the current research was to identify the components of the spiritual curriculum with an integrated approach in secondary school based on the opinion of relevant experts and experts. The participants of the current research; It included experts in the fiel MoreThe purpose of the current research was to identify the components of the spiritual curriculum with an integrated approach in secondary school based on the opinion of relevant experts and experts. The participants of the current research; It included experts in the field of curriculum, especially curriculum planning professors of universities in the country and relevant experts, with their help, the components of the spiritual curriculum were identified and analyzed with an integrated approach in the secondary school. The sample of the current research was ten experts, the country's curriculum planning professors and related specialists, which was conducted using a targeted sampling method until theoretical saturation. It was used to collect data through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with experts. To analyze the data in the current research; Measurement tools such as textual analysis was used in expert interviews. From the results obtained from the analysis of expert interviews, there are a total of 10 elements with 132 categories and 368 indicators. It was discovered and extracted that 10 elements that play a role and influence in the process of identifying the components of the spiritual curriculum with an integrated approach in the middle school period inspired by and following the Acker model are: goal, content, learner's activities, teacher's role, evaluation, logic Learning materials and resources, student grouping, learning place, learning time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Designing a model for the establishment of spirituality-based school management in the second secondary schools of Tehran
Masoud Taghiani Masoumeh Oladian Mahmoud SafariPurpose: The research was conducted with the aim of designing a model for the establishment of school-centered management based on spirituality. Method: research method according to the purpose، applied according to the type of data، mixed (qualitative-quantitati MorePurpose: The research was conducted with the aim of designing a model for the establishment of school-centered management based on spirituality. Method: research method according to the purpose، applied according to the type of data، mixed (qualitative-quantitative) of the exploratory type according to the time of data collection، cross-sectional and according to the method of data collection or the nature and method of the research، in the qualitative part of thematic analysis and in the quantitative part It was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part included university professors in 1400-1401 and officials with experience in education. To determine the sample size in this section، a non-random sampling method of the targeted type was used and 19 people were selected as the sample size. In the quantitative part، the statistical population of the present study included all managers and assistants of education in Tehran. The structural equation model method was used to determine the sample size and finally، 242 subjects were selected. The sampling method was stepwise cluster random. To collect data، documentary method and field method (semi-structured interviews and two researcher-made questionnaires and a standard model validity questionnaire) were used. Validity and reliability of male tool were measured and confirmed. Findings: Based on the findings of the research، school management is based on Islamic values، three dimensions of Iranian Islamic individual characteristics (spiritual states، Iranian Islamic communication، development of Iranian Islamic knowledge) ،Islamic-Iranian education (Iranian Islamic management skills، Islamic educational atmosphere), (informal program) and Iranian Islamic management (management professional knowledge، Islamic-Iranian attitude، professional skills). Conclusion: According to the situation of the identified dimensions، it is concluded that the school management based on Islamic values is in a favorable situation and this management refers to the individual، educational and interactive dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Comparative investigation of the nature of causality of Mulla Sadra and hume
zinab darvishi mohamadhosain irandoostThe principle of causality , according to which any phenomenon requires a cause , One of the less known , the philosopher is not paid to the discussion. This paper describes the analytical methods , with the aim of evaluating and comparing the nature of causality Vnqady MoreThe principle of causality , according to which any phenomenon requires a cause , One of the less known , the philosopher is not paid to the discussion. This paper describes the analytical methods , with the aim of evaluating and comparing the nature of causality Vnqady documents written hume Sadra. It seems , denial of causality Drmnzrhyvm the epistemological roots in the attitude to foreign and subjective realities , the empirical basis of the relationship was. The hume and asdra , causation is a philosophical principle and deep understanding not only of the philosophical wisdom comes from. Therefore , its appearance is deeper than experience , and the world is rational. Therefore , the interpretation of the observation and induction Aznzrsdra path goes further and becomes a philosophical principle where the effect is possible due to the kind of poverty. Mulla Sadra has ontological principle of causality to the theory of theophany. This theory can be considered mystical approach to causation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Spiritual Damage Compensation in jurisprudence and law of Iran
saideh mahmoodi ahmad moradkhaniThe general purpose of the law is creating order and establishing justice, although human being have two dimensions, physical and Spiritual, but civil law discuss physical dimension and try to achieve great purposes such as keeping an order, establishing justice, and pr MoreThe general purpose of the law is creating order and establishing justice, although human being have two dimensions, physical and Spiritual, but civil law discuss physical dimension and try to achieve great purposes such as keeping an order, establishing justice, and protection from individuals and social rights and hostility abatement by emphasizing this aspect. In Islamic legal order, social matters should supply in a way which to feasible sensual perfection acquiring and Spiritual degrees upgrading, so Spiritual loss compensation legitimating should register by financial and non-financial ways. As law should keep movable and immovable properties of people from aggression and invasion so it is necessary to predict obligatory rules to keep prestige, non-financial credits and facilities of people from insults, accusation, intrigue and aggressions . Despite suitable fields in world legal texts, there is no possibility of comprehensive Spiritual damage compensation and the majors prevent from issuing action about wanted Spiritual damage claim though current legal texts are obvious and administration of justice of many damaged persons who tolerated irretrievable harms in Spiritual law area is provided. Also there are some rules in perspicuous jurisprudence of Islam that emphasize on Spiritual damage compensation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The Relationship between Spirituality and Self-efficacy among Islamic Azad University Islamic Azad University Students in the Viewpoint of Islamic Psychology
Shirzad Amiri amir ahmadiSpirituality as one of the important concepts influences the external world, and self-efficacy can also be a major factor in the constructive system of merit. This article aims to investigate the relationship between spirituality and self-efficacy in students of Islamic MoreSpirituality as one of the important concepts influences the external world, and self-efficacy can also be a major factor in the constructive system of merit. This article aims to investigate the relationship between spirituality and self-efficacy in students of Islamic Azad University, Islamic branch of psychology. This research attempts to present the correct definition of spirituality from the viewpoint of the elders as well as the self-efficacy of coping and their relationship with the use of research in these fields. The present study shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between spirituality level and coping self-efficacy. As a result, it can be said that Islamic commands and spirituality can shape and influence the lifestyles of individuals, especially students, and can provide a source for their growth and prosperity. Therefore, spirituality of a multifaceted structure with an impact on psychological components such as self-efficacy beliefs in dealing with current situations of life can play an important role in promoting the adaptation and development of human beings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The relationship between Justice, Spirituality, and Rationality in the Islamic-Iranian Model of Progress and Their Achievements
Seyed Kazem Seyed Bagheri Mahmood MokhtarbandThe purpose of the present study is to find the relationship between justice, spirituality, and rationality, as well as their achievements in the Islamic-Iranian model of progress. The method of study is descriptive analysis and emphasizes the hypothesis that effective MoreThe purpose of the present study is to find the relationship between justice, spirituality, and rationality, as well as their achievements in the Islamic-Iranian model of progress. The method of study is descriptive analysis and emphasizes the hypothesis that effective interrelationship between justice and spirituality, in the individual realm, transmits personal achievements to political-social realms paving the way for reaching the model of progress and then holy life. All the above procedures are accomplished through rationality, rational programming, and adherence to the legal rules of religion (Shariat). The presence of these elements in the model conveys a distinctive and multidimensional progress for improvement in Islamic society. Paying attention to the abovementioned aspects facilitates the citizens’ access to their rights, freedom, equal opportunity, economic progress, welfare, human dignity, social security and decency in the society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Examining the role of Īhām in expressing social and political issues: The case of Ghazals of Saadi and Saif Farghani
Mohammad Pouryavar Choubar Ahmadreza Nazari Charvadeh Masome Nazari CharvadehIn the dark seventh and eighth centuries AH, which was the period of domination of the Tatar bloodthirsty and the governance of the unworthy cruel rulers over the cultural Iran, critical poems emerged in ways deeper than the protesting literature in the sixth century. I MoreIn the dark seventh and eighth centuries AH, which was the period of domination of the Tatar bloodthirsty and the governance of the unworthy cruel rulers over the cultural Iran, critical poems emerged in ways deeper than the protesting literature in the sixth century. In this period, Saadi and Saif Farghani were two liberals who each addressed the issues of the disintegrated society of that time. Since the arbitrariness of anti-people governments had captured the pen and speech in the labyrinth of tyranny, these poets inevitably turned to cryptic novelties, especially equivoque , to criticize the turbulent situation of the time. Based on a descriptive-analytical and comparative method, this study aims to investigate and compare the function of equivoque in raising political and social issues in the Ghazal of the mentioned poets in order to firstly explain the impact of Genghis Khan invasion and Mongol rule in this period on the common theme in their Ghazal and secondly, the most equivoques of the Ghazal of the mentioned poets is known by their political and social functions and their similarities and differences, as well. The final result of this research shows that the application of "Equivoque " method in raising political and social issues in Saadi's Ghazal is more frequent than Saif’s. Most of the equivoques criticisms of these two poets are directed at those in power. Among the types of equivoque , abstract equivoque and equivoque of proportion are more prominent in Saadi's Ghazal and equivoque of proportion and contradiction in Saif's Ghazal, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - From Overcoming the Self to Spiritual Stations of Annihilation An Analysis of Rumi’s Conducts Based on the Story of “The Handmaiden and The King”
Marziyeh AttaranThe visitation of Shams Al-din Tabrizi and Molana Jalal Al-din Mohammad Balkhi Rumi is a wonderful phenomenon in the history of Islamic mysticism, and its outcome has stayed in Rumi’s personality and his everlasting works. This humanitarian relationship, how MoreThe visitation of Shams Al-din Tabrizi and Molana Jalal Al-din Mohammad Balkhi Rumi is a wonderful phenomenon in the history of Islamic mysticism, and its outcome has stayed in Rumi’s personality and his everlasting works. This humanitarian relationship, however, has been obscured behind a frail story in which the great prophet of Islam is compared with Bayazid Bastami through a question. In this study, the writer has tried to specify Rumi’s spiritual path based on the biographical-like story of “The Handmaiden and The King”. The results have revealed that whatever has been considered in Rumi’s clear professions and his mental-verbal statements about Shams is the product of the substantial activity of reflection and practical spiritual path and acquired moods and qualities that have been identified in practical mysticism and mystical practices. A circulation such as this is not believed to be accidental. There should be contexts, motives, reasons, works and particular conditions there so that someone could achieves spiritual station of cognition and we can call him a mystic. This story of the handmaiden and the king is an explicit mirror of the path and stages of practical mysticism in which everything – from overcoming the self to spiritual stations of annihilation and attainment of the apex of mysticism that is a part of sainthood – has been discussed step by step and Rumi’s inner and spiritual transitions in stages such as pursuit, attachment to God, appearance of the sage, transformation of spiritual temper and finally friendship are investigated Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Rituals of Religious Law and Spiritual Path in the Works of Ahmad Ghazzali and Ein Al-Qozat Hamedani
Rashin Bani-Najjarian Fateme Heydari -
Open Access Article
92 - Social Functions of Bibliomancy Based on Hafez’s Poems
Maryam Mahmoudi Ebrahim Ansari asghar mohamadiBibliomancy from Poems of Hafez as a unique social behavior in Iranian folklore has been publicized in different times and places demonstrating the need of man for knowing his uncertain future. Recourse to Hafez’s poems as a cultural source has played an important MoreBibliomancy from Poems of Hafez as a unique social behavior in Iranian folklore has been publicized in different times and places demonstrating the need of man for knowing his uncertain future. Recourse to Hafez’s poems as a cultural source has played an important role in purification of man’s soul in both his individual and social life. In fact, trusting in Hafez is a cultural trait that has roots in centuries of materialistic and spiritual lives of Iranians and helps them to overcome their psychological and mental stresses. The functions of bibliomancy from Hafez’s poems include: invoking tranquility, improving personal and social mentality, reducing mental distress, and foretelling the future. The research here uses a descriptive-analytical method derived from Wilhelm Dilthey and Max Weber’s hermeneutics. Data collected from documents revealed that bibliomancy from Hafez’s poems as an example of cultural, and social function plays an effective role in humans’ interaction and provides them with a better mental health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Music of poem in the Fayaz Lahigi’s collection
Samaneh feizi As we know,music and poetry weight were the most important elements. Different aspects of music, though not as a new approach, but it was not concerned. FayyaZLahiji was the poet of the eleventh century AD and his Divan includes sonnets and odes More As we know,music and poetry weight were the most important elements. Different aspects of music, though not as a new approach, but it was not concerned. FayyaZLahiji was the poet of the eleventh century AD and his Divan includes sonnets and odes and parts of Mathnavi. This article includes research in the field of music lyrics in his Divine, it examines how the rhyme and meter has been used in his book. FayyazLahiji benefited from the lateral music to create music in poetry, that consist of internal music within original array(repeating, pun, conflict ...). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Unidimensional Thin Layer Chromatography of Salicylic Acid Derivatives on Boric Acid-Impregnated Plates in Drugs Studies
H. Ahmad Panahi E. Moniri A. Izadi M. M. Parvin A. Rahimi M. Manoochehri -
Open Access Article
95 - Analysis of dimensions of religious spirituality culture model and professional ethics of human capital with the approach of developing spiritual organizational culture in the organization (case study of Tehran Municipality Organization)
mhrdad mansori Seyed mhmod hashmi mohamad reza mardani zein alabedin amini sabeghThe current research has been carried out with the aim of analyzing the dimensions of the model of religious spirituality culture and professional ethics of human capital with the approach of developing a spiritual organizational culture in the organization (the case st MoreThe current research has been carried out with the aim of analyzing the dimensions of the model of religious spirituality culture and professional ethics of human capital with the approach of developing a spiritual organizational culture in the organization (the case study of Tehran Municipality Organization). The qualitative research method is based on the data theory of the foundation. 160 articles were collected in the content analysis section of which 80 domestic (from 1398 to 1401) and foreign (2018 to 2022) articles were categorized, the data analysis method in the section Qualitative using open coding, axial coding and selective coding, basic indicators were extracted. The interview questions were designed under the supervision of the scientific committee and designed as a semi-structured interview. Targeted sampling method by snowball method, 30 of them were selected as a sample until theoretical saturation. The results of the current research led to the identification of 6 codes and 18 codes out of 275 were open codes. The main index includes the identity of individual religious spirituality, including sub-components, establishment of organizational spirituality, individual professional ethics, establishment of organizational professional ethics, organization's human resources management and leadership style. It was an organization. In the second round, a Likert questionnaire was sent to 30 experts to determine the intensity of the effect of each component. The components and sub-components in the proposed model were specified Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - A Study of the Effect of Professionalism, Organizational Culture, and Leadership Style on Auditors’ Performance Regarding the Moderating Role of
Moasarrez Zanganeh Fereshteh SerajiPurpose: The purpose of the present study is to review the effect of professionalism, organizational culture, and leadership style on auditors’ performance with respect to the moderating role of spiritual intelligence.Method: In terms of data collection, the curre MorePurpose: The purpose of the present study is to review the effect of professionalism, organizational culture, and leadership style on auditors’ performance with respect to the moderating role of spiritual intelligence.Method: In terms of data collection, the current research is descriptive-survey and it has a practical objective. The statistical population under study consisted of all certified auditors working in institutes under the supervision of Iranian Association of Certified Accountants. 338 members were chosen as the research sample by convenient nonrandom sampling. The research hypotheses were tested by structural equations method and Smart Pls.Results: The results showed that professionalism, organizational culture, and leadership style have a significant impact on auditors’ performance. Moreover, spiritual intelligence moderates the impact of professionalism, organizational culture, and leadership style on auditors’ performance.Conclusion: Observing professional rules and regulations in auditing enhances its efficiency. Auditing culture is the foundation of accountancy society including a series of values, norms, beliefs as well as cultural and historical traditions effective on auditors’ behavior. It is the basis of some special values originating from society and effective on auditors’ culture in the work environment and community. Paying attention to these factors and considering decision making models would improve the quality of judgement in different stages of auditing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Effect of Piriformospora indica on seedling growth of canola and some weed species
masoume Dehghan Banadaki Goudarz AhmadvandIn order to evaluate fungal colonization of roots of canola and some weed species eight separated trails were carried out as completely randomized design with 5 replications in 2017 and 2018. Experimental factores were fungal inoculation of Piriformospora indica and non MoreIn order to evaluate fungal colonization of roots of canola and some weed species eight separated trails were carried out as completely randomized design with 5 replications in 2017 and 2018. Experimental factores were fungal inoculation of Piriformospora indica and non inoculatrdcontrol on nine plant species of Brassica napus, Cardaria draba L., Sisymbrium irio L., Descuaraiana Sophia L., Capsella bursa pastoris Medik., Sinapis arvensis L., Avena ludoiviciana Dureu. and Phaiaris minor Retz.. After filling out pots with 0.6 lit of autoclaved soil, germinated seed were transferred in to the pots and were thinned after wards, leaving two seedlings per pot. Plants were harvested 10 weeks after transplanting. Total biomass, root length colonized and P.indica growth responses were analyzed. The results showed the effects of different fungi on canola and weed species growth were varied. The percentage of colonized roots was different among plant species. The highest root colonization by fungi was observed in canola by 50.49 percent and the lowest one was observed in S. arvensis L . Total dry weight of in species C.bursa-pastoris, C.draba, S.arvensis and P.minor was decreased by colonization of fungi. Fungi growth response of weeds was different from -16.33 to +50.49. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Analysis of the semantic sign of the story of the king and the maid of Rumi's spiritual Masnavi
Pegah Rasouli Shahin Ojaq AlizadTitle:Analysis of the semantic sign of the story of the king and the maid of Rumi's spiritual MasnaviPegah Rasooli *PhD student of Islamic Azad University, RoodehenSt.p_rasouli@riau.ac.irShahin Ojaghalizade Assistant Professor Islamic Azad University, RoodehenFatemeh Em MoreTitle:Analysis of the semantic sign of the story of the king and the maid of Rumi's spiritual MasnaviPegah Rasooli *PhD student of Islamic Azad University, RoodehenSt.p_rasouli@riau.ac.irShahin Ojaghalizade Assistant Professor Islamic Azad University, RoodehenFatemeh EmamiAssistant Professor Islamic Azad University, RoodehenAl-Tanfih and Al-Maraghah Al-Linguistics:Date of arrival: Date of acceptance:AbstractOne of the novel methods in the study and analysis of literary texts is the use of the sign-semantics model. In this approach, the process of producing meaning is linked to sensory-perceptual conditions, and signs, along with meaning, become fluid, dynamic, plural, and multidimensional. Considering the interpretability and breadth of meaning that can be seen in the mystical anecdotes of Masnavi. This approach was the basis of research in the story of the king and the maid from the first book of Rumi's Masnavi. The present paper, in a descriptive-analytical manner, seeks to examine the types of discourse systems used in this story. The results of this study indicate that discourse is dynamic and discourse evolution has given special effects to the story. Discourse systems have components of action, tension, enlightenment, with phenomenal, transcendental, ecstatic, ethical and cultural functions, and the action system based on stress with high emotional pressure has the most pivotal role. Also in the analysis of the text, how to produce and defer the meaning based on the functions discussed, is explained.Keywords: Sign - Semantics, Narrative, Spiritual Masnavi, King and Slave, Action, Tension, Susa. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Spiritual Freedom and the Ways to its Achievement in Poetry of Mikhaeel Naeeme
Sardar Aslani Afsane Khaje GudariFreedom is one of the most beautiful words in human glossary and in West it means behavior control with people's complete will and volition , to which in Islamic thought the rights of God being added. Freedom is two type: 1) social freedom which means that MoreFreedom is one of the most beautiful words in human glossary and in West it means behavior control with people's complete will and volition , to which in Islamic thought the rights of God being added. Freedom is two type: 1) social freedom which means that human is free in his/her social and individual behaviors, meaning that other people don’t prevent him/her to reach to his/her goals by imprisoning him/her and/or exploiting him/her. 2) spiritual freedom which refers to human spirit so that the spirit be free from negative and deterrent obstacles. There is a strong relationship between spiritual freedom, the one who achieves spiritual freedom also will realized the social one, too. In this article we study the theories of Naeeme about Utopian or ideal freedom and the ways which he guides liberal human to achieve them in his works in an analytical-descriptive way. We try to illustrate the obstacles of reaching freedom. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the quality of Naeeme's suggestion for reaching spiritual freedom. We chose this topic according to the high position of Naeeme and his valuable views concerning human and his freedom and his guidance toward desirable moral traits and his prevention from moral vices and his specific attention to freedom. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - The Study of Primary Religions and Social Systems in the " The Slave of Merchant Tale" from The Second Book of Marzban Nameh
Rudabeh Shahhosseini "The slave of merchant" is a tale in book two of Marzban Nameh. The protagonist of the tale is a slave who is commanded by his master to go on a business journey. During this journey he confronts many perilous events but each time he is saved because More "The slave of merchant" is a tale in book two of Marzban Nameh. The protagonist of the tale is a slave who is commanded by his master to go on a business journey. During this journey he confronts many perilous events but each time he is saved because of his acumen power. From one side, the slave is the representation of a fabulous face of a myth, Adonis and is a symbol of the god of nature who dies and revives for the sake of his servants and the hero of an exogamy social system who has been far from his homeland and becomes the king of a foreign land on the other side. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Investigating the Role of Spiritual Intelligence and Moral Courage in the Occurrence of Moral Behaviors of Government Accountants
Jalal Azarberahman Saeed Pakdelan Alireza Azarberahman Mohamad Reza Ramzani KarashkEthics and its related principles have long been considered by researchers and thinkers in various fields. Paying attention to these principles is of undeniable importance due to its positive impact on organizational decision-making systems. The purpose of this study is MoreEthics and its related principles have long been considered by researchers and thinkers in various fields. Paying attention to these principles is of undeniable importance due to its positive impact on organizational decision-making systems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of Spiritual intelligence and Moral courage in the occurrence of moral behaviors among accountants in government agencies. The statistical population is all accountants of government agencies in 2020. Using Morgan table, 278 people were easily selected. Standard questionnaires were used to measure the variables and in order to test the hypotheses, the methods of factor analysis, agreement correlation table and chi-square test using SPSS and LISREL software were used. The results showed that a high level of Spiritual intelligence in the occurrence of moral behaviors has a significant relationship with the permissible moral behavior pattern. The findings of the study indicate that a low level of Spiritual intelligence in the occurrence of moral behaviors is related to the pattern of moral adaptation behaviors. It was also determined that a high level of Moral courage in the occurrence of moral behaviors is related to the pattern of morally permissible behavior. Finally, it was found that a low level of Moral courage is effective in the emergence of moral behaviors with a behavioral pattern of moral adaptation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Calculation of radiative transition parameters for the band system of B^3 ∏_g-A^3 ∑_u^+ of N_2 molecule and 〖A^2∏〗_u-X^2 ∑_g^+ , B^2 ∑_u^+- X^2 ∑_g^+ , and B^3 ∏_g-A^3 ∑_u^+ systems of N_2^+ molecular ion using empirical potential energy functions
Farzanehsadat Ghalishourani Mahsasadat Miralinaghi Mohsen ShabaniDetailed shape of the potential energy curve is peculiar to each diatomic molecule, so a universal potential function which gives a good representation for all bound electronic states of all diatomic molecules has not been yet constructed. In this study, some empirical MoreDetailed shape of the potential energy curve is peculiar to each diatomic molecule, so a universal potential function which gives a good representation for all bound electronic states of all diatomic molecules has not been yet constructed. In this study, some empirical potential functions such as Morse, Frost-Musulin, Wie-Hua, and Hulbert-Hirschfelder are constructed and used for the solving the nuclear Schrodinger equations of different electronic states in N2 and N_2^+ molecules. Level computer program which was based on Cooley-Numerove algorithm has been employed for carrying out the calculations. By comparison of obtained vibrational energies for A^3 ∑_u^+, X^1 ∑_g^+, B^3 ∏_g electronic states of N_2 and B^2 ∑^+, X^2 ∑_g^+, A2∏_u electronic states of N_2^+ with the experimental ones, the accuracy rate of potential functions is determined as well as their deviation percentages from RKR values. Furthermore, radiative parameters such as transition wavenumbers and Franck-Condon factors are calculated for the band system of B^3 ∏_g-A^3 ∑_u^+ of N_2 and for the band systems of A^2 ∏_u-X^2 ∑_g^+, B^2 ∑_u^+-X^2 ∑_g^+ , B^2 ∑_u^+-A^2 ∏_u of N_2^+. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Structural study of a new copper complex using experimental method and quantum calculations and its application in the synthesis of pyranopyrimidines as catalyst
sadegh allameh Raheleh Omidinia S. Ali Beyramabadi Ali Morsali Mehdi pordelAbstract Piranopirimidine deivatives have the structure like uracil and Some of them have biological and medicinal activities. In this research for the first time, a simple, efficient and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of a number of pyrano[2,3-d]pyri MoreAbstract Piranopirimidine deivatives have the structure like uracil and Some of them have biological and medicinal activities. In this research for the first time, a simple, efficient and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of a number of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines using a new copper(II) complex based on vitamin B6-derived Schiff base Has been reported. A number of methods reported for the synthesis of these compounds have many disadvantages such as long reaction time, low yield and drastic reaction conditions. This three-component synthesis includes condensation of barbituric acid, malononitrile, and aromatic aldehydes. The Schiff base that used as ligand to prepare the catalyst in this reaction has four differrent tautomers, and quantum calculations showed that the OHOH tautomer in the methanol solvent was more stable tha the others and the copper complex is based on this tautomer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Investigating the role of allegory in individual-social protests of Rumi's Masnavi complaints
Kolsoom Tabkhkar hasankiyadeh Mohsen Izadyar Shahrokh HekmatHuman nature is innately compatible with allegory and storytelling. Hence, one of the teaching and rhetorical methods used in the heavenly books and consequently mystical books is the proverb. Because the proper use of this method causes a better effect and reduces the MoreHuman nature is innately compatible with allegory and storytelling. Hence, one of the teaching and rhetorical methods used in the heavenly books and consequently mystical books is the proverb. Because the proper use of this method causes a better effect and reduces the dryness and boredom of teaching and preaching, and consequently has a deeper and deeper effect on the mind and conscience of the audience. Protest against the moral and social disorders of the society is one of the moral issues that, due to some injustices and discrimination, entered the field of literature seriously, and since part of the content of Rumi's Masnavi to the subject of protest, Shokooh And the complaint is dedicated, Rumi tried to make the protests more vivid and prominent by using the allegory of protest. In the present article, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method, based on the method of library studies, the role of allegory in the individual and social protests of Masnavi has been studied. The main questions of the research are the role and importance of allegory in expressing protest concepts in Masnavi and what trick Rumi has used for this purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the critical attitudes and protests of Rumi in Masnavi based on allegory and explain the role and effect of allegory and allegorical stories in reflecting individual and social anomalies in the spiritual Masnavi. The results of the research indicate that Masnavi allegories have a better effect on Rumi's protests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Daa’ie unknown poet in Persian literature area
Mostafa KhodayariRuknuddin Daavidar-e-Ghomi was a sixth and early seventh-century bilingual poet, with the pen name of Daayee. His poetry collection is not fully available and only a selection of his Farsi and Arabic poetry collection remains today mostly in form of odes praising the ru MoreRuknuddin Daavidar-e-Ghomi was a sixth and early seventh-century bilingual poet, with the pen name of Daayee. His poetry collection is not fully available and only a selection of his Farsi and Arabic poetry collection remains today mostly in form of odes praising the rulers of the time. In the present study, the author attempts to reveal the genius of Ruknuddin Daavidar by further acquainting the reader with the poet; and demonstrating the power of his rhetoric, and the sweetness of his language. On the other hand, attempts have been made to carefully study the details of Ruknoddin’s verse and reveal some of the facets of his viewpoint and system of thought, as well as identify the literary features and spiritual elements in his Arabic and Farsi odes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - The Allegory of an educational technique in the spiritual Masnavi
farzane Abad Shabnam Hatampour farzaneh sorkhi Fereydun TahmasabiAs an educational technique, allegory is one of the most widely used types of Persian literature symbolism used by Iranian mystical poets to lead human beings towards Transcendent goals. Rumi has also utilized such a method in Masnavi in an artistic manner in order to a MoreAs an educational technique, allegory is one of the most widely used types of Persian literature symbolism used by Iranian mystical poets to lead human beings towards Transcendent goals. Rumi has also utilized such a method in Masnavi in an artistic manner in order to allegorize a large part of Masnavi. Accordingly, the main structure of this article revolves around two goals: first, to determine the extent to which Rumi has employed allegory in his Masnavi; and second, to determine the method of expressing such a trick to convince his audience. To achieve these two goals, Rumi's poems have been studied in six books of the spiritual Masnavi.Accordingly, we have analyzed Masnavi text in terms of the type of allegories used in it as well as their characteristics, the techniques they have been used in the text. The current research has adopted a descriptive-analytical approach to answer the basic questions: (1) To what extent has Rumi used such methods as punishment, evangelism, and warning? (2) Has he used reminders, reasoning and boasting as educational teachings in Masnavi? And (3) To what extent has he been successful in convincing his audience in these ways? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - The study of slang and the status of allegory in the works of contemporary female fiction writers relying on Burned Hanay story series
Malihe Sharilo1 Abdolhossein Farzad2 Shahin Ojagh Alizadeh3Persian prose in the course of their history, including their many factors influenced slang elements, although the impact of these elements is not the same in all periods of Persian literature. Slang language as the criterion containing several elements that significant MorePersian prose in the course of their history, including their many factors influenced slang elements, although the impact of these elements is not the same in all periods of Persian literature. Slang language as the criterion containing several elements that significantly manifested in the works of novelists. S. Parvin spirit of contemporary modernist writers that a considerable amount of slang elements in his work benefited. The use of various forms of slang in the story of the past Parvin spirit that characterizes his stories language, psychological and simplicity also brought his word. zban Slang used in the collection of short stories burned henna can be divided this way: phoneme, word, deed, including overnight, emotional sentences, numbers, language and local dialects and the like. Parvin frequency of the cases mentioned in the story are not the same spirit. The elements of the story such as "burnt henna," "spell", "twin" and "Mr. guidance" Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Investigating the allegorical and symbolic use of the sea and its manifestations In Rumi's Masnavi
Nazila Rahmanpour Mostafa Salari Behrooz RomiyaniMystical poets have used allegorical and symbolic language in their poetry to express transcendent mystical concepts. The image of the sea is one of the most frequent images in the spiritual Masnavi and one of the keywords of Rumi's mind. In the spiritual Masnavi, the w MoreMystical poets have used allegorical and symbolic language in their poetry to express transcendent mystical concepts. The image of the sea is one of the most frequent images in the spiritual Masnavi and one of the keywords of Rumi's mind. In the spiritual Masnavi, the word sea and its accessories such as drops, dew, waves, fish, gems, etc. are very prominent. In contrast to each of the above, the sea finds a different meaning. Rumi has used these symbolic allegorical words in the service of expressing his subconscious emotions and his divine and mystical thoughts, and has expressed numerous and numerous concepts in this way. The relationship between the Creator and beings, annihilation, monotheism, the manifestation of love and creation, etc., are among the concepts that Rumi has used to express and explain the sea and its belongings. In this study, the allegorical and symbolic use of the sea and its manifestations in spiritual Masnavi were examined and analyzed. This research is descriptive-analytical. The results showed that the sea and its manifestations and affiliations are one of the most frequent elements of nature among Rumi's allegories and symbols. In Rumi's view, the sea is an allegory of truth, infinite divine essence, knowledge and human life. The sea is also associated with other symbols, such as: drops, rain, storms, ships, and dew, whose ultimate destination is to reach its origin, the sea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Investigating the characteristics of religious government in allegorical stories of Rumi's Masnavi
Fazel Abbaszadeh Asbar HabibiThe issue of government has been and is one of the most fundamental human concerns in history. The necessity of government is obvious, which is also confirmed by human nature. The issue of desirable and religious government is one of the important issues in Rumi's Masna MoreThe issue of government has been and is one of the most fundamental human concerns in history. The necessity of government is obvious, which is also confirmed by human nature. The issue of desirable and religious government is one of the important issues in Rumi's Masnavi in which Rumi has dealt with the issue in various aspects of religious, scientific, political, etc. languages with allegorical and symbolic language. The present study, as a library-analytical study, has examined the characteristics of religious government in allegorical stories of Rumi's spiritual Masnavi. The surveys conducted in this study showed that Rumi, while enumerating the most important characteristics of religious government such as: justice, spirituality and servitude, perfection and virtue and wisdom and prudence, genero city and democracy, fight against domination and tolerance towards villeins he considered. The subjects considered the government as necessary, in this regard, the monarchy and the religious government, which is based on divine knowledge, self-construction and perfection, as a desirable and competent government to govern society, and the true ruler, according to him, is the perfect man or guardian of God. He knows in every age. In his opinion, the rule of the perfect man or the guardian of God is the royal manifestation of God Almighty, and the objective example of such a government on earth is the rule of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Decoding the language of Termites
Abdolreza JamalzadehA survey of the writings of Sheikh Shihabuddin Yahya Suhrawardi known as "Sheikh al-Ishraq" reveals his comprehensiveness in both "ratiocination" and "discovery and enthusiasm" theosophies (philosophies). It also reveals his writings' diversity and enjoyment of dynamics MoreA survey of the writings of Sheikh Shihabuddin Yahya Suhrawardi known as "Sheikh al-Ishraq" reveals his comprehensiveness in both "ratiocination" and "discovery and enthusiasm" theosophies (philosophies). It also reveals his writings' diversity and enjoyment of dynamics. Suhrawardi's works are written in different and theosophical styles. His esoteric treatises such as the Red intellect, The Chant of the Wing of Gabriel, alghrbat alghorbiyat, the Lover's friend and the other various treatises like "the Language of Termites" which we are going to explain and expand it in this article are an important and valuable group of his writings specifying the disciples' way, their barriers and goals. He wrote this treatise in very sweet and symbolic language and a combination of metaphors and Zoroastrian, Hermes and Islamic mysteries and states the journey of the spirit to God and uniting with Him and human beings' innate enthusiasm for the acquisition of knowledge. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Conventional Invocations in Persian Poetry
Masoud KheradmandporThis study attempts to analyze Conventional Invocations as a subcategory of lyrics in Persian poetry. Since this poetic genre often includes the lasting convention of openings and endings in 'masnavis' and sometimes poetry anthologies, we can hardly encounter anthologie MoreThis study attempts to analyze Conventional Invocations as a subcategory of lyrics in Persian poetry. Since this poetic genre often includes the lasting convention of openings and endings in 'masnavis' and sometimes poetry anthologies, we can hardly encounter anthologies and 'divans' lacking this poetry genre. Thus, we can see the same trace in epic works like Ferdousi's Shahname, instructional works like Sa'di's Golestan and Bustan, and other romantic anthologies. In order to illustrate the span of this genre, this thesis tries to survey the following important issues in conventional poetry: definition of invocation and praying, the elements of invocation and prayers, the structure of conventional and religious invocations, literature and invocation, and invocation in the Persian literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The Moderating Effect of Organizational Commitment on the Relationship between Employees' Perceptions of Workplace Spirituality and Spiritual Intelligence in Isfahan Steel Company
maryam yazdani Akbar Etebarian Mehdi AbzariThe purpose of this research was to study the moderating effect of organizational commitment on the relationship between employees' perceptions of workplace spirituality and spiritual intelligence. This practical research is a field survey and its nature is descriptiv MoreThe purpose of this research was to study the moderating effect of organizational commitment on the relationship between employees' perceptions of workplace spirituality and spiritual intelligence. This practical research is a field survey and its nature is descriptive and correlative. The statistical population of this research is formal suort staff in expertise position and higher of the Isfahan steel factory in 2012 which are reported to be 500 persons. The number of samples was counted 217 persons using the table, and sampling was done randomly. The Rego & Cunha questionnaire was used to collect information for workplace spirituality, King questionnaire was used for spiritual intelligence and Allen &Meyer questionnaire was used for organizational commitment . The reliabilities of 3 questionnaires were calculated To be 0.92,0.94, 0.87. For data analysis, inferential statistics methods (pearson correlation, hierarchical multiple regression ) were used. The results of this research showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between employees' perceptions of workplace spirituality and spiritual intelligence (P < 0.01) Also The moderating effect of organizational commitment on the relationship between employees' perceptions of workplace spirituality and spiritual intelligence was confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Religious Beliefs on Humiliation and Violence in Students
amin noorbakhsh hossein molaviThe purpose of this research was to study the relationship of spiritual intelligence and religious beliefs with violence and feelings of inferiority among the students. The population of this study was all the students of Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan). MoreThe purpose of this research was to study the relationship of spiritual intelligence and religious beliefs with violence and feelings of inferiority among the students. The population of this study was all the students of Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan). 110 students were randomly selected as the sample. The research instruments included Religiosity Questionnaire (Atkins, 2007), the Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (King, 2008), the Violence Questionnaire (Eysenck, 1988), and Feelings of Inferiority Questionnaire (Eysenck, 1988). To analyze the data, regression analysis Spearman correlation coefficient and path analysis by SPSS16 software and Amos were used. The results showed that the relations of spiritual intelligence with feelings of inferiority and violence were significant (P < 0.01). But the relationship of religious beliefs with feelings of inferiority and violence were not significant. Finally, according to the findings of current research it can be suggested that spiritual intelligence is an effective variable on violence and feelings of inferiority. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Path Analysis of the Effect of Spiritual and Moral Intelligence on Self-Actualization and Life Satisfaction in the Old Aged in Isfahan
zahra emami hossein molavi mehrdad kalantaryThe aim of study was to determine the effects of spiritual and moral intelligence on self-actualization and life satisfaction in the old aged persons in Isfahan based on structural equations modeling. The research method was correlation. The statistical population inclu MoreThe aim of study was to determine the effects of spiritual and moral intelligence on self-actualization and life satisfaction in the old aged persons in Isfahan based on structural equations modeling. The research method was correlation. The statistical population included all 128581 old aged people in Isfahan city in the year (2011) that were at least 60 years old. From this population 100 persons (44 females and 56 males) were randomly selected via multi- stage cluster sampling from 8 areas of Isfahan city. To collect the data, the following questionnaires were used: Self-Actualization (Maslo, 1977), Life Satisfaction Index (LSI, Neugarten & Havighurst, 1998), Spiritual Intelligence (King, 2008), and Moral Intelligence (Lennick & Kiel, 2005). Data analysis was done by applying SPSS-19 software. The alpha coefficients and also were satisfactory. The results of path analysis showed that the effects of moral intelligence on self-actualization and life satisfaction, are significant (P < 0.01). But the effects of spiritual intelligence on the two variables were not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - The Effectiveness of Spiritual Group Psychotherapy on Hardiness of Female Students in High Schools of Isfahan City
Fazlolah Mirdricvand Tahere Rahimipour Hosein SalimiThe goal the present study was to investigate the effect of spiritual group psychotherapy on hardiness of students in female high schools of Isfahan city This semi-experimental study employed a pre-test , post-test, with control group design. Population included all the MoreThe goal the present study was to investigate the effect of spiritual group psychotherapy on hardiness of students in female high schools of Isfahan city This semi-experimental study employed a pre-test , post-test, with control group design. Population included all the students in female high schools of Isfahan city in 2013-2014 academic year. A sample of 30 students were selected through convenient sampling method and were randomly allocated in in one experimental and one control group (each, 15 students). The Questionnaire of Kobasa’s Hardiness (1982) was used as research instrument. The experimental group received group psychothrapy for 90 minutes in twelve sessions., and Questionnaire of Kobasa,s was administered at the pre-test and post-test stages for both experimental and control groups. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance by SPSS. The research results showed that using spiritual group psychotherapy increases hardiness of students (P < 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - The Role of Spiritual and Emotional Intelligence in Predicting of Studentsâ Forgiveness
malahat amani esmail shiri saeed rajabiThe goal of the present research was to examin the role of spiritual and emotional intelligence in predicting students’ forgiveness. The method of the research correlation. Statistical population of the research wase all 7700 students of Mohaghegh Ardebili University MoreThe goal of the present research was to examin the role of spiritual and emotional intelligence in predicting students’ forgiveness. The method of the research correlation. Statistical population of the research wase all 7700 students of Mohaghegh Ardebili University in 2009-10 (1388-89s.c.) academic year. This population, a sample & 230 students were selected by random cluster one- stage sampling. They completed Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Scale (Schutte, 1988), Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (King, 2008) and Forgiveness Scale (Walker & Gorsuch, 2002). The results of regression analysis showed that emotional intelligence With 0.20 Beta predict self-forgiveness significantly (P < 0.01). Also results showed that emotional intelligence predicted forgiveness of others significantly (P < 0.01). But, spiritual intelligence a significance predictor of self-forgiveness and forgiveness of others. According to the results and discussion, spiritual intelligence can be different from spirituality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Spiritual modeling self-efficacy, perception of parentʼs religiousness and personality traits as predictors of students´s religiousness
hamideh ghasemi esmaeil hashemi مهناز مهرابی زاده هنرمند ایران داودی عبدالزهرا نعامیThe purpose of this study was to explore the role of the spiritual modeling self-efficacy, perception of Parent's religiousness and personality traits in predicting student's religiousness. The research was descriptive and correlational. The population consisted MoreThe purpose of this study was to explore the role of the spiritual modeling self-efficacy, perception of Parent's religiousness and personality traits in predicting student's religiousness. The research was descriptive and correlational. The population consisted of all bachelor students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Through randomized multistage sampling, 200 students were selected as the sample. Data gathering was done by Azarbayjani Religiousness questionnaire (2003), Oman & et al Spiritual Modeling Self-efficacy Scale (2012) and Ashton and Lee HEXACO Personality Scale (2009). The data was analyzed via step by step multiple regression. In general, results showed that religiousness is predicted by spiritual modeling self-efficacy, perception of Parent's religiousness and personality traits (honesty-humility and Conscientiousness) (P < 0.01). By nurturing recommended personality traits and by strengthening spiritual modeling self-efficacy, religious parents pave the way for their children’s religiosity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Comparison of spirituality in women with depression, anxiety and normal people
fereshteh hajmohammadi hamid taher neshat doostThe present study compared the spirituality of three group of women with depression, anxiety and normal control. The subjects consisted of women with depression, anxiety and normal. With the use of available sampling30 depressed women and 30 anxious women who referred t MoreThe present study compared the spirituality of three group of women with depression, anxiety and normal control. The subjects consisted of women with depression, anxiety and normal. With the use of available sampling30 depressed women and 30 anxious women who referred to consulting centers in Isfahan in year 2014, were referred to the researchers; Also 30 normal women without the history of psychiatric disorders were selected. The questions were consisted of the Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Spirituality tendency inventory. Results of analysis of variance showed the difference between the three groups of depressed, anxious and normal people was significant in spirituality(p<0.01). Also, the spirituality of normal women were higher than women with depression or anxiety (p<0/04). But there was no significant difference between the two group depressed and anxious (p<0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Predicting Senile Peopleâs Spiritual Well Being through Psychological Capital Components
Mohsen Golparvar Mohhamad Reza MosahebiThe present research is aimed at predicting senile spiritual well being through psychological capital components (self efficacy, hope, resiliency and optimism). Our research design was relational and the population was the senile people in Isfahan, Iran. 245 persons wer MoreThe present research is aimed at predicting senile spiritual well being through psychological capital components (self efficacy, hope, resiliency and optimism). Our research design was relational and the population was the senile people in Isfahan, Iran. 245 persons were selected through accessible sampling. Research instruments consisted of Spiritual Well-being Scale (Golparvar et al, 2015) and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Mc Gee, 2011). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and enter method multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there were positive significant relationships between psychological capital components (self efficacy, hope, resiliency and optimism) and senile people’s spiritual well-being (P < 0.01). Also the results of enter method multiple regression analysis showed that from among these components self-efficacy (P < 0.01), resiliency (P < 0.05) and optimism (P < 0.01) have predictive power of spiritual well being in senile people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - The Effectiveness of Spiritual and Existential Group Therapy on the Rates of Depression, Death anxiety and Afterlife Belief among Students: A Study Based on the Reports of People with Death Experience
Mohamad Bagher Kajbaf Alinaghi Ghasemiannejad Jahromi Seyed Habibolah Ahmadi ForushaniThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of spiritual and existential group therapy on depression, death anxiety and belief in afterlife. The research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design and a control group. The population cons MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of spiritual and existential group therapy on depression, death anxiety and belief in afterlife. The research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design and a control group. The population consisted of all undergraduates in the University of Isfahan in 2014. Then, 16 students with high depression scores from the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al, 1961), high death anxiety scores from the Death Anxiety Scale (Templer, 1970) and low scores of afterlife belief from Islamic Belief about Fairly Afterlife (Golparvar et al, 2011) were selected via convenience sampling method. Then they were randomly assigned into an experimental and a control group. The experimental group participated in six sessions of group therapy while the control group did not receive any therapy. After post-test administration, the results of the covariance analysis showed a significant difference between post-test scores of the experimental and control groups on death anxiety (P<0.05). According to the results, it was concluded that combining existential and spiritual therapies along with descriptions of near-death experiences can have a significant impact on reducing death anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Comparison of spiritual intelligence and self-control components in offender and non-offender individuals (Case study: gang member offenders of central prison, the city of Isfahan)
bahira jalili masoud heidariThe aim of this study was to compare the spiritual intelligence and self-control in offender individuals and non-offender individuals and assess the correlation between these two groups. The statistic population was all gang members in central Isfahan prison and ordinar MoreThe aim of this study was to compare the spiritual intelligence and self-control in offender individuals and non-offender individuals and assess the correlation between these two groups. The statistic population was all gang members in central Isfahan prison and ordinary people residing in Isfahan.100 gang members and 100 usual non-offenders were selected as sample using simple random method. both groups matched according to age, marital status, gender and education. The Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (King, 2008) and Self-Control Questionnaire (Tangney, 2004) were applied to collect data. The results of analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant difference between spiritual intelligence and its components (critical existential thinking, personal meaning production, transcendental awareness, conscious state expansion) and between self-control and its components (controversial self-control, initial self-control) of these two groups (P≤0.01), that is, offenders had less spiritual intelligence and self-control in relation to non-offenders. Therefore, significant differences were observed between these two groups(P≤0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Predicting Job Stress On The Basis Of Coping Strategies, Spiritual Intelligence And Resilience In Employees With Chronic Pains In National Iranian South Oil Fields Company
Fatemeh Habibi sahar safarzadehThe aim of the current research was to predict job stress on the basis of coping strategies, spiritual intelligence and resilience in employees with chronic pains in national Iranian south oil fields company. The subjects were 130 employees whom were selected randomly b MoreThe aim of the current research was to predict job stress on the basis of coping strategies, spiritual intelligence and resilience in employees with chronic pains in national Iranian south oil fields company. The subjects were 130 employees whom were selected randomly by simple sampling procedure from the medical records available in the industrial medicine center with chronic pain diagnosis. To collect data Endler and Parket job stress questionnaire (1990), Abdulah-Zadeh et al. Spiritual intelligence scale (2008), Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) and Job Stress (1990) were implemented. The results by regression analysis showed that problem solving, emotional and avoiding coping strategies respectively were good predictors for the criterion variable of job stress (p≤ 0.0001). Therefore by increasing proper and effective problem solving skills, job stress emerging especially in the employees suffering from chronic pain may be either decreased or the pain suffering could be kept under controlled. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Relationship of Spirituality in Workplace, Internal Motivation and Work Engagement with Task Performance
Maryam Molaey Ali Mehdad Mohsen GolparvarThe main purpose of this research was to study the relationship of spirituality in workplace ( spiritual craving, spiritual and mystical experience, spiritual connection, sense of community ), internal motivation and work engagement (strength, devotion, attraction), w MoreThe main purpose of this research was to study the relationship of spirituality in workplace ( spiritual craving, spiritual and mystical experience, spiritual connection, sense of community ), internal motivation and work engagement (strength, devotion, attraction), with task performance. The type of study was descriptive and the method was correlation. Statistical population included all employees of a healthcare center in the city of Isfahan, from whom, 200 persons were selected via simple random sampling. The research instruments were Spirituality in Workplace (Kinjerski & Skrypnek, 2006), Internal Motivation (Amabile, Hill, Hennessey & Tighe, 1994), Work Engagement (Utrecht, 2002), and Task Performance (Patterson, 1963) questionnaires. Data were analyzed with the use of Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis showed that there are significant positive relationships between spirituality in workplace, internal motivation and work engagement with task performance (P≤0.01). Moreover, results of regression analysis showed that the spiritual and mystical experience and the spiritual connection from the components of spirituality at work, the strength from the dimensions of work engagement, and the internal motivation, were able to predict significantly (P≤0.01) task performance. Therefore, based on the results it may be concluded that task performance in organizations could be increased by increasing spirituality in workplace, internal motivation and work engagement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - The effectiveness of life skills training on the psychological hardiness and spiritual well-beingof high school female students
hosein matin sedigheh ahmadiThis research sheds light on the effectiveness of life skills training on psychological hardiness and spiritual well-beingof high school girl students. The statistical population of this study was 2nd grade high school female students (12th district of Tehran) of 95-96. MoreThis research sheds light on the effectiveness of life skills training on psychological hardiness and spiritual well-beingof high school girl students. The statistical population of this study was 2nd grade high school female students (12th district of Tehran) of 95-96. 90 students were selected using cluster sampling method and responded to Kobasa's(1979) Psychological Hardiness Questionnaire and Pulotzin and Ellison's (1982) Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire. 24 students who scored lower in these questionnaires were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control group.The experimental group was trained in 8 sessions of 90 minutes.The research design was a semi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test with control group. By finishing the experimental plan, a post test was taken from two groups and was followed after two months. The results of analysis of covariance showed that life skills training increases psychological hardiness (p<0/001)and spiritual well-being (p<0/001)‚ of high school girl students.Following up the grades ofexperimentalgroup after two months indicated sustainment of intervention effect on both groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - The Relationship between Workplace Spirituality and Work Engagement with the Mediating Role of Organizational Loyalty (Case study: Elementary School Teachers of Khash City)
pari ghamshadzahi naser nastiezaieThis study examined the relationship between workplace spirituality and work engagementwith the mediating role of organizational loyalty. The research design was a relational type of structural equation modeling. Statistical population was the elementary school teachers MoreThis study examined the relationship between workplace spirituality and work engagementwith the mediating role of organizational loyalty. The research design was a relational type of structural equation modeling. Statistical population was the elementary school teachers of Khash city that 153 teachers were studied by stratified random sampling method. To collect information, three questionnaires were used: Workplace Spirituality (Milliman et al., 2003), Work Engagement (Salanova & Schaufeli, 2004) and Organizational Loyalty (Mosadeghzadeh, 2012). For data analysis the structural equation modeling were used by SPSS and Lisrel software. Based on results the direct effect of workplace spirituality on work engagement, direct effect of workplace spirituality on organizational loyalty and direct effect of organizational loyalty on work engagement were significant (P<0/05). The indirect effect of workplace spirituality on work engagement was also significant with the mediator role of organizational loyalty (P<0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - The Effect of Spiritual Intelligence and Appreciation on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Counterproductive Behavior: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment and Job Engagement in Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz personell
mehdi payam kiumars beshlideh esmaeil hashemi bdulzahra naamiThe aim of this study was to investigate of the effect between spiritual intelligence and appreciation, and organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive behavior, as well as the indirect relationship through organizational commitment and job engagement. The MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate of the effect between spiritual intelligence and appreciation, and organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive behavior, as well as the indirect relationship through organizational commitment and job engagement. The population included all staffs in Shahid Chamran University. One hundred ninety five staffs were selected through simple random sampling. Data collection instruments included Spiritual Intelligence Scale (King 2008), Appreciation Scale (Mac Kalluk Tsang & Vamans, 2002), Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (Smith, Oregon & veneer, 1988), Counterproductive Work Behavior Scale (Bennett, Vrabynsvn, 2000), Organizational Commitment Scale (Maud, Steers & Porter, 1979), and Job Engagement Scale (Askafly & Vbakr, 2003). Data were analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM). Structural equation modeling analysis supported the proposed model-data fit. The results showed the effect of spiritual intelligence and appreciation on job engagement, organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behavior, and counterproductive behavior, as well as the effect of organizational commitment and job engagement on organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive behavior (p<0.05), and the indirect effect of spiritual intelligence and appreciation (through organizational commitment and job engagement) on organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive behavior (p<0.05). Based on the results, values and behaviors such as forgiveness, charity and humility in the organization are expanded, which requires a model in the organization that everyone can follow. Therefore, managers should pay special attention to this issue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - The effect of death anxiety pattern based on emotional empathy mediated by spirituality in middle-aged people
Fariba Badia Nia Simin BashardoustThe purpose of this study was to elucidate the pattern of death anxiety based on emotional empathy mediated by spirituality in middle-aged individuals. Statistical population was all male and female referring to health home in the age range of 45-65 years. The sample si MoreThe purpose of this study was to elucidate the pattern of death anxiety based on emotional empathy mediated by spirituality in middle-aged individuals. Statistical population was all male and female referring to health home in the age range of 45-65 years. The sample size was Klein method and 464 individuals were selected by multistage random sampling. And completed the Templar Death Anxiety Questionnaire (1970), Batson's Emotional Empathy Questionnaire (1983), and Spirituality (2009). Direct and indirect effects of variables were obtained by using path analysis using AMOS program. There was also a negative correlation between spirituality and death anxiety, at the 0.01 level (β = -0.482, p <0.01). The indirect path coefficient was also significant between emotional empathy and negative death anxiety at the level of 0.01 (β = -0.263, p <0.01). And 29% of the variance of death anxiety was explained by the variables in the model and it was concluded that spirituality affects emotional empathy and death anxiety and mediates negatively and significantly. Therefore, the anxiety of death must be viewed as an interactive and all-encompassing consideration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - The Investigate effect of psychological capital and spirit of inquiry on research autonomy of postgraduate students of Shahid Chamran university of Ahvaz
yaser garavand Gholamhossien Maktabi Mohammad Koohi Maryam Samadi Taher GorabiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of psychological capital and spirit of inquiry on research autonomy of postgraduate students of Chamran university of Ahvaz. The research method was descriptive correlational. the statistical population of the stud MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of psychological capital and spirit of inquiry on research autonomy of postgraduate students of Chamran university of Ahvaz. The research method was descriptive correlational. the statistical population of the study included all postgraduate students of the faculties of humanities of Chamran university who were studying in the academic year 1396-97 that is total of 368 students of these, 190 people were selected by stratified sampling method as research sample. data were collected using Research autonomy questionnaire (Gravand, 2016), Psychological capital (Lutans et al., 2007) and Spirit of inquiry (Sherzad, 2012). data were analyzed by SPSS-21 software using multiple regression. The results of regression analysis showed that among the subscales of psychological capital, two subscales of resiliency and self-efficacy subscales were able to influence research autonomy. in addition, among the subscales of the spirit of inquiry, two subscales of perseverance and the curiosity subscale were able to influence research autonomy. Therefore, it is necessary to nurture and enhance resilience, self-efficacy, perseverance, and curiosity as effective factors in enhancing students' autonomy and research spirit, to consider the relevant professors, authorities, and policy makers and provide context for the realizing of these traits in educational settings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - The contribution of spiritual health, optimism and happiness in prediction of psychological well-being among students
fatemeh farhadyan azam moradiThe purpose of this study was to determination the contribution of each of the variables of spiritual health, optimism and forgiveness to predict the psychological well-being of the students of Payam-e-Noor University of Dolatabad Center. The research sample consisted o MoreThe purpose of this study was to determination the contribution of each of the variables of spiritual health, optimism and forgiveness to predict the psychological well-being of the students of Payam-e-Noor University of Dolatabad Center. The research sample consisted of 120 students from among 1477 students of different faculties of this university who were selected randomly and in a cluster sampling. The research method was correlation of the predicted type.The instruments were, the Rif questionnaire (1980), the Spiritual health questionnaire from the viewpoint of Islam Mousavi Moghaddam (1392), Carver & Shire (LO), Life Inventory (LOT) questionnaire (1985) and ehteshamzadeh (2010) Interpersonal Forgiveness Inventory (IFI) (2010) used.Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise regression analysis.The findings showed that the average psychological well-being of students was 62.61%. The results of stepwise regression analysis also showed that spiritual well-being significantly predicted the psychological well-being of students (P = 0.0001). But the addition of each of the variables of optimism and forgiveness to the spiritual health variable does not significantly increase the predictive power of psychological well-being of the students. The results of the hypothesis test showed that psychological well-being had a significant relationship with spiritual well-being, optimism and forgiveness of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - The relationship between ethical leadership, organizational identification and workplace spirituality with unethical pro-organizational behavior mediated by job satisfaction In the staff of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
seyedmohammadjavad mousani nia mostafa asheghi abdulzahra naamiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ethical leadership, organizational identification and workplace spirituality with unethical pro-organizational behavior mediated by job satisfaction. The present study was a correlational study. The p MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ethical leadership, organizational identification and workplace spirituality with unethical pro-organizational behavior mediated by job satisfaction. The present study was a correlational study. The population of the present study included all the staff of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, from which 133 people were selected by stratified random sampling as a sample of the present study. The data collection instruments were Ethical Leadership Questionnaire, Brown et al. (2005), organizational identification Questionnaire, Mael & Ashforth (1992), workplace spirituality Questionnaire Milliman et al. (2003), unethical pro-organizational behavior Questionnaire Umphress et al. (2010), and Job Satisfaction Questionnaire Barry Fieldworth (1951). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) in SPSS version 23 and AMOS 23 software programs. Structural SEM confirmed the proposed model’s fitness. The results indicated a direct and indirect relationship of ethical leadership, organizational identification, and workplace spirituality through job satisfaction on unethical pro-organizational behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - The impact of spiritual/religious perfectionism on psychological health indices and dimensions of nonspiritual/nonreligious perfectionism
Mohammad Ali Besharat Seyedeh Asma Hosseini Morteza NaghipoorThe present study had two purposes: investigating the impact of spiritual/religious perfectionism on psychological health indices and investigathmg the impact of spiritual/religious perfectionism on dimensions of perfectionism. The statistical population of the study co MoreThe present study had two purposes: investigating the impact of spiritual/religious perfectionism on psychological health indices and investigathmg the impact of spiritual/religious perfectionism on dimensions of perfectionism. The statistical population of the study consisted of general population living in Tehran. Among the statistical population, 307 individuals (148 men, 159 women) participated in the present study as volunteers. All participants were asked to complete Tehran completed Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism Scale (SRPS; Besharat 2018), Mental Health Inventory (MHI-28; Veit & Ware 1983), Positive and Negative Affects Schedule (PANAS; Watson et al. 1988), and Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (TMPS; Besharat 2007). The results revealed a significant positive influence of spiritual/religious perfectionism on measures of psychological well-being, positive affects, and self-oriented perfectionism, as well as a significant negative influence of spiritual/religious perfectionism on measures of psychological distress, negative affects, and socially prescribed perfectionism (p <.001). Results of regression analyses revealed that 70% of variance of the research variables explained by spiritual/religious perfectionism with the largest portion for psychological well-being. It can be concluded that spiritual/religious perfectionism is one of the determinants of psychological health. The findings also may support a new dimension of perfectionism, spiritual/religious perfectionism, separate from nonspiritual/nonreligious perfectionism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Effectiveness of Multidimensional Spiritual Therapy with a Focus on Weight Loss and its effect on Emotional Stability, Self-Control, and Body Mass Index in Overweight Women
mina shamsolahrari shahnaz nouhi ahmad aliporThe aim this study was effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual therapy with a focus on weight loss and its effect on emotional stability, self-control, and body mass index in overweight women. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-t MoreThe aim this study was effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual therapy with a focus on weight loss and its effect on emotional stability, self-control, and body mass index in overweight women. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with two experimental and control groups. The statistical population of all obese and overweight women referred to the Counseling and Psychology Clinic in District 3 of Tehran in 1398, and among them, 30 people were selected using the available sampling and were replaced in two experimental and control groups. . The Cattle Questionnaire (1973) was then completed by both groups, and both height and weight were measured. After that, a multidimensional spiritual therapy program with a focus on weight loss was implemented on the experimental group. The post-test was then performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and covariance analysis method. The findings showed that multidimensional spiritual therapy with a focus on weight loss increased emotional stability and self-control, and decreased body mass index (P = 0.001). Therefore, it can be said that teaching weight loss methods, if accompanied by the element of spirituality, can both affect weight loss and affect the regulation of emotions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - The Effect of Spirituality at Work on Job Performance by Mediating of Organizational Citizenship Behavior among the Employees of the Technical and Vocational Education Organization
Fatemeh Dadgarian Sereshki Zeinab Rabbani Azam MoghadamThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spirituality at work on job performance by mediating of organizational citizenship behavior among the employees of the technical and vocational education organization in Alborz province. The research design MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spirituality at work on job performance by mediating of organizational citizenship behavior among the employees of the technical and vocational education organization in Alborz province. The research design was descriptive-correlational. The population consisted of all employees of the General Directorate of Technical and Vocational Education of Alborz Province. A sample of 175 people was selected by single-stage cluster sampling. They completed the Spirituality Questionnaire in the Workplace (Milliman et al., 2003), Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Konovsky and Organ, 1996) and Job Performance (Paterson, 1992). The collected data were analyzed by structural equation method using LISREL software. The results showed that some components of spirituality at work have an indirect effect on employees' job performance by mediating of organizational citizenship behavior (P<0.05). In addition, some components of spirituality at work directly had positive effect on job performance. Also, the organizational citizenship behavior had directly positive and significant effect on job performance (P<0.05). Thus, a person's inner sense of meaningful work, connection with others and higher meaning of moral principles are the truth, correctness, and goodness of the beliefs that coduct person to his job. Also, spirituality at work increases the sense of intimacy and empathy towards colleagues, more work conscience and discipline in the rules, and with a positive impact on performing tasks and relation with colleagues, it leads to increased efficiency and effectiveness of employees in the organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Ecospiritual Pedagogy: A Learning Centric Educational Practice
Siddhartha Dhungana Bharat Neupane -
Open Access Article
135 - Iranian EFL learners' Spiritual Intelligence and Their Language Learning Autonomy
Masoumeh Azadi Parviz Maftoon Minoo Alemi -
Open Access Article
136 - The relationship between spiritual intelligence, philosophical and religious beliefs mentality of high school female students in Tehran
Fateme Daneshi Lisar AliAkbar Khosravi BabadiThis study examines the relationship between spiritual intelligence, philosophical and religious beliefs mentality of high school female students in Tehran using cluster sampling, 200 female high school students in Tehran were selected. Three questionnaires were used to MoreThis study examines the relationship between spiritual intelligence, philosophical and religious beliefs mentality of high school female students in Tehran using cluster sampling, 200 female high school students in Tehran were selected. Three questionnaires were used to collect information King Spiritual Intelligence (2008), philosophical mindset and questionnaire religious beliefs was used. The data obtained were analyzed using t-test and multivariate regression analysis, Results showed that between spiritual intelligence, philosophical mindset there are significant correlations with religious beliefs. So that 45% of religious beliefs can be explained through Spiritual Intelligence. On the other hand 47% of the variance religious beliefs can be explained by the philosophical mindset. In the end, to provide valuable practical suggestions are provided with educational practitioners. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Study the relationship of applying the criteria for effective teaching by faculty With students morale Bitch
hassan eslamian zahra ealamian morteza karamiThe main purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the rate of effective teaching criteria by university professors and the Scientific spirit of students. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of Mazandaran University in MoreThe main purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the rate of effective teaching criteria by university professors and the Scientific spirit of students. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of Mazandaran University in the academic year 2012-2013. By stratified sampling, 375 students were selected as the statistical sample of the study. The research instrument consisted of two researcher-made questionnaires: Effective Teaching and Scientific Spirituality. Both of the questionnaires contained 30 questions of five options according to the Likert scale of 5 degrees. Validity of two questionnaires given to study and consult the 10 teachers in educational sciences has been verified and reliability through an open trial on 30 subjects selected from a population of (other than samples) were examined for the questionnaire effective teaching highly correlated high (r = 0/85) and the scientific spirit of solidarity questionnaire relatively "high (r = 0/77), respectively. findings indicate that the performance of teachers, Mazandaran University, 4 School of Law and Political Science, Basic Sciences, Arts and Architecture, the application criteria designing, teaching, education, classroom management, human relations and evaluation, as relatively "good and desirable criteria for personality characteristics, highly desirable. Level of students' scientific morale is not in the "Desirable" in any of the areas considered. The findings also showed that there is a significant relationship between the performance of the professors in applying the effective teaching standards and the level of students' morale (P <0.05), and the performance of the professors in applying the effective teaching criteria is a positive and significant prediction for the level Student Spirituality. Regarding the results of this study, it can be stated that the performance of professors in the application of effective teaching standards plays a very important role in the level of students' academic morale. Therefore, in order to increase the level of academic spirit of students, university professors use effective teaching standards effectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Understanding of Student Teachers of Science Education from the Nature of Science:) A Case Study of Tehran Teacher Training Centers
mohamad zaheri saber abdolmaleki Lila farjadmandThe objective of this research is studying the perception of student teachers of science education of the empirical nature of science in the teacher training centers of Tehran province. Method of the research was descriptive and field-searching. The statistical society MoreThe objective of this research is studying the perception of student teachers of science education of the empirical nature of science in the teacher training centers of Tehran province. Method of the research was descriptive and field-searching. The statistical society consists of all the male and female teachers and students of science education in the teacher training centers of Tehran province. Since the population of the society was only 300 people, the sampling was carried out by the WRT sampling method. For data collection, the researcher designed a 31-component questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was assessed by experts and its construct validity was assessed through exploratory factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by Cronbach's alpha method (α=0.84) was eventually verified. All the data were analyzed via the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and ANOVA variance analysis in SPSS software. The results indicated that student teachers of experimental science education do not have a correct and sufficient understanding of the nature of science and its components -- philosophical foundations of science, different steps of an empirical method, scientific achievements – and there is no significant relation between the teaching experiences of the teacher students and their understanding of the true nature of the empirical science. In addition, there is a significant correlation at p ≤ 0.01 between the student teachers’ performances and their understanding of the nature of science, and the sex of the student teachers was also significant in understanding the nature of science. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - The analysis of spiritual intelligence amongst the implementers and the receivers ofâ Religion and Lifeâ curriculum in high school
mohammad amini mohammad reza tammanneifar asieh nazhadThe chief aim of this essay is to study and to analyze the position of spiritual intelligence and its components amongst the implementer and the receivers of “Religion and Life” curriculum in the fourth grade of high school. All the teacher, Teaching the &rd MoreThe chief aim of this essay is to study and to analyze the position of spiritual intelligence and its components amongst the implementer and the receivers of “Religion and Life” curriculum in the fourth grade of high school. All the teacher, Teaching the ” Religion and Life” courses, along with the 348 fourth grade high school students, who were chosen randomly based on the clustering sampling method, were selected as the statistical population. A questioner, consisted of 42 questions about spiritual intelligence, was, then, used to collect the data. The validity and reliability, both, have been confirmed the first by means of the theoretical sources as well as the experts of the field and the second by Coronbach’s Alpha (%85). Both descriptive statistics (mean and slandered deviation) and inferential statistic (t-test) were used to analyze the data. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the teachers and students are not highly different in terms of spiritual intelligence whereas, this difference is more conspicuous between the boys and the girls. In addition, these findings indicate that the degree of knowledge and awareness of teachers about spiritual intelligence and its components is very low and, therefore, there is a serious challenge in this filled . The priority, hence, should be given to promote the spiritual intelligence as well as changes in both textbooks and teaching methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - The study of the impact of teaching philosophy to children on nurturing their research spirit among the preschool students
زهره جعفری پروین صمدی یحیی قائدیthe present communities, likewise in Iran, the present study was carried out with the aim of studying the impact of teaching philosophy to the children on nurturing the research spirit among the preschool students. The semi-experimental method of the immediate post-test Morethe present communities, likewise in Iran, the present study was carried out with the aim of studying the impact of teaching philosophy to the children on nurturing the research spirit among the preschool students. The semi-experimental method of the immediate post-test type along with a control group was applied in this research. The statistical population of this research consisted of 12 preschool students in a kindergarten in Tehran and the statistical sample (6 people) were selected purposefully as the experimental group. The experimental group received 15 sessions of philosophy teaching and in the last session, both the experimental group and the control group were filmed. The video, then, was given to 5 experts in order to reply to the respective questionnaires (Ranking students based on their research sprit). The Collected data, using descriptive statistical methods (Frequency Distribution Table, Graph of a frequency distribution, Dispersion and central indices) were analyzed. The parametric t-test for two independent groups (Due to distanced scale measurement, normality of the distribution, and existence of two independent groups) and non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test were, also, used for testing the research hypotheses. What being indicated from the findings was that that teaching philosophy to children not only has a great impact on the students' cognition (curiosity, question making, reasoning, critical thinking, creativity, interest in experimenting and experiencing) but also has a high effect on their emotion (interest in clarity, enthusiasm, partnership, independence, self-assurance, self- assertion). In general, implementation of this program has had a great impact on the research spirit of these children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Feasibility study of implementing the curriculum in secondary school with a spiritual approach
Samad Izadi Mostafa Ghaderi Fateme HoseiniThe purpose of the study was the feasibility of curriculum accomplishment with spiritual approach in secondary school. The population of study was included 1813 female secondary school teachers (theoretical branch) of Mazandaran province. Sample size was selected as 317 MoreThe purpose of the study was the feasibility of curriculum accomplishment with spiritual approach in secondary school. The population of study was included 1813 female secondary school teachers (theoretical branch) of Mazandaran province. Sample size was selected as 317 subjects based on Morgan stratified proportional sampling method. A researcher–made questionnaire has been applied in order to collect data. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient estimated as 75% to measure questionnaire validity. Data analysis and both multiple–variable analysis of variance test (MANOVA), and Pearson correlation test in descriptive statistics (frequency, weight percentage and mean) and inferential statistics have been utilized, respectively. The study data in descriptive section indicated that the studied group possessed too much knowledge and skill as well as desirable attitude on spiritual curriculum accomplishment. However, schools provided moderate facilities to develop the program. In inferential section, the data of multiple- variable analysis of variance (MANOVA) test indicated that there was a significant difference between teacher’s knowledge, attitude, skill scores and school facilities in various cities. The data of Pearson test also showed that there was a positive correlation between curriculum components of knowledge, attitude, skill at different levels and school facilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - The comparison of the effectiveness of deductive thinking teaching method and exploring teaching methods on the creativity of the fifth grade elementary school students
M. Amin Farhadipour Effat Abbasi Samira KarimzayiThis study examined the effectiveness of deductive and exploring teaching methods on the creativity of primary students in empirical Sciences. The statistical population included all the primary students (fifth grade) in Karaj. Amongst whom, 60 students in two separate MoreThis study examined the effectiveness of deductive and exploring teaching methods on the creativity of primary students in empirical Sciences. The statistical population included all the primary students (fifth grade) in Karaj. Amongst whom, 60 students in two separate classes were selected as the first and the second experimental groups. The applied method was of semi-experimental, pre and post tests and the first and the second experimental group type. Torrance A-Tests of Creative Thinking was used as the measurement tool. After one and a half month of training, the collected data were analyzed by means of covariance analysis. The findings showed that exploring method is much more effective than inductive method to foster creativity, in general, and to develop originality and elaboration skills, in particular. However, both methods are effective to expand the components of fluidity and flexibility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - The relationship between learning styles and Inquiry Spirit of Isfahan undergraduate students
masoome heidarpoor mohammadreza nili ahmadabadi mohammadhosein yarmohammadianThe present research was done to consider the relationship between learning styles and inquiry spirit of Isfahan undergraduate students. The method of this research was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of this research included 9183 college students of Isf MoreThe present research was done to consider the relationship between learning styles and inquiry spirit of Isfahan undergraduate students. The method of this research was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of this research included 9183 college students of Isfahan University that 376 students were selected by the random stratified random sampling method. To collect data, two kinds of questionnaires were used: Kolb learning style questionnaire (1984) and research made questionnaire of inquiry spirit. The content and face validity of the questionnaires was confirmed experts. The questionnaires reliabilities were determined for each of the learning styles components by Cronbach's alpha. The descriptive and inference statistics were used to analyze. The results showed there is a meaningful relationship between learning styles and in inquiry spirit. The Mann Whitney u test results showed there is not a meaningful difference between the students’ inquiry spirit for separating sex. Kruskal Wallis test results showed there is a difference between the students’ inquiry spirit in different majors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Investigating the experience of high school science teachers from the nature of science
somayyeh mola ghalghachi Eskandar Fathiazar Yousef AdibAbstract: The present research aims to study experiences of high school science teachers from the nature of science. Adopting a phenomenological approach and purposeful sampling, this qualitative research was carried out through semi-structured interviews with 30 high s MoreAbstract: The present research aims to study experiences of high school science teachers from the nature of science. Adopting a phenomenological approach and purposeful sampling, this qualitative research was carried out through semi-structured interviews with 30 high school science teachers (physics, chemistry, biology and earth sciences) in Tabriz. In order to increase the precisionand throughout the research has used from viewpoints of experts, continusely study method, compare the data study, make brief and classified the information without any damaged data. The interviews were recorded and analyzed through Smith's method. The findings based on the experiences of the teachers about nature of science were classified into 10 main themes, i.e. “definition of science”, “Science isolation from other issues”, “being tentativeness scientific knowledge”, “theory-laden observations and subjectivity” “The role of imagination and creativity in science”, “distinction between theories and laws”, “the distinction between observation and inference in science” -“ scientific method”, “cultural and social influences on science” “Features scientists”, and several subthemes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Comparison on the effectiveness of cooperation teaching and exploring teaching methods used on the girls creativity fifth grade elementary school students
javad jahandideh esmail SadipourThe aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of collaborative teaching method with exploratory teaching method on students' creativity. The statistical population of the present study included all female students in the fifth grade of elementary school in Kabou MoreThe aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of collaborative teaching method with exploratory teaching method on students' creativity. The statistical population of the present study included all female students in the fifth grade of elementary school in Kaboudar Ahang. For this purpose, 40 students from the mentioned community, in two classrooms, were selected as experimental groups one and two. The research method was semi-experimental and the pretest-posttest design was with experimental groups one and two. The instrument used by the researcher in this study was Torrance Creative Thinking Test (Form A). The results were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics and the comparison of pre-test and post-test results in both groups showed that the teaching method of cooperation and exploration method has significantly improved both groups and the comparison of the two methods with each other showed The collaborative method compared to the exploratory method has a significant effect on students' creativity in science lessons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Designing and validating a pattern of spiritual curriculum with integrated approach in high school with emphasis on high-level documents
Hamidreza Karami doroodkhani Esmaeil kazempour jafar ghahremanispiritual curriculum with integrated approach in high school with emphasis on high-leveldocuments of fundamental change in education -Curriculum - program of Islamic Republic ofIran. present study is based on applied purpose, and in terms of research method is based on Morespiritual curriculum with integrated approach in high school with emphasis on high-leveldocuments of fundamental change in education -Curriculum - program of Islamic Republic ofIran. present study is based on applied purpose, and in terms of research method is based on mixed type ones. , ,Curriculum planning and relevant specialists in the country, with theoretical adequacy; . statistical community of research at quantitative section includes all the high school teachers (managers, deputies, consultants and secretaries) in Guilan Province who were 316 teachers that have chosen based on Morgan table using simple and cluster random sampling method from five regions of Guilan (North, South, East, West and center). Analysis of expert interview data was performed using three-step coding using the foundation data methodwhich at last, the categoriesobtained elements of the Spiritual curriculum in 6 categories of causal conditions of Central phenomenon, strategies, contextual factors intervening Factors and consequences and in quantitative data analysis, while using the confirmatory factor analysis method, the structural equation modelling method showed that underlying and intervening factors have been able to play a moderating role in determining strategies. these findings were obtained based on the qualitative research finding, objective components, content, Learning activities, evaluation, teacher role, logic, learning materials and resources, students’ grouping, learning location and the time of learning as the ten-element of spiritual curriculum with the use of Eker models. based on the quantitative analysis of the research findings, about the regarding the level of attention of high school teachers in Guilan province, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - A Comparative Overview of Electronic Devices Reliability Prediction Methods-Applications and Trends
Frederick Ehiagwina Titus Adewunmi Emmanuel Seluwa Olufemi Kehinde Nafiu Abubakar -
Open Access Article
148 - Differential Information Extraction of Electroencephalogram Signals for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Detection
Farzaneh Manzari Peyvand GhaderyanIntroduction: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental and social disease that is prevalent in about 2 to 3% of the human population leading to cognitive impairments and affected quality of patient's life. Therefore, a reliable and timely diagnosis can he MoreIntroduction: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental and social disease that is prevalent in about 2 to 3% of the human population leading to cognitive impairments and affected quality of patient's life. Therefore, a reliable and timely diagnosis can help psychiatrists in better treating or controlling this disease.Method: Previous studies have demonstrated interdependence impairments between different brain regions in patients with OCD. Hence, this study has provided a new approach based on the decomposition of signals into intrinsic components and extraction of differential transient changes in amplitude envelope and phase spectra of the EEG signal recorded during Flanker tasks. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated using 19 healthy subjects and 11 patients by the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier.Result: The obtained results have confirmed the capability of the proposed method in diagnosing the disease with high accuracy of 93.89% using amplitude differential information of the electroencephalogram signal.Conclusion: In comparison between different regions, the statistical features extracted from the frontal lobe, the frontal-parietal network, and the inter-hemispheric features have offered better detection ability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - The Role of tendency toward spirituality and moral ideology among Athletes
Hamid Reza Sadeghi Rasool Nazari Ghasem Rahimi seroshbaderaniObjectiveGiven the importance of issues such as spirituality in the sports community, this study is trying to analyze the impact of moral ideology on tendency toward spirituality among the province's athletes Premier League. MethodologyThe present research purpose and c MoreObjectiveGiven the importance of issues such as spirituality in the sports community, this study is trying to analyze the impact of moral ideology on tendency toward spirituality among the province's athletes Premier League. MethodologyThe present research purpose and cross - is a correlation. The populations in this study are all league players in Isfahan province. Number of athletes has been estimated as 400 people. 196 Cochran based on sampling as a statistical sample were randomly selected. Instruments included religiosity questionnaire Karami and Shaeeri (2008), classification questionnaire moral ideology by Forsyth (1990) consists of idealism and moral relativism law to verify the idealism and moral laws of relativity was used. Face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts in sports management. Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability in a preliminary study on the amount of (0.88 and 0.93) was calculated. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Data analysis was SPSS version 22. ResultsThe findings showed that the value of 0.505 is the result of moral ideology can justify fifty percent of the athlete's approaches to spirituality. According to the results on the influence of moral ideology on tendency toward spirituality among league players Isfahan, Recommended organizations, to strengthen the moral ideologies and approaches to spirituality to strengthen ethics in athletes have effort.ConclusionAccording to the results of research on the effect of moral ideologies on the tendency to spirituality among athletes, it is suggested that the responsible organizations try to strengthen moral ideologies and morality in the tendency to spirituality among athletes, while institutionalizing idealism in athletes. Sports managers should hold spiritual psychology workshops and in order to institutionalize the rule of law in athletes, encourage coaches and athlete managers to respect the rule of law. In general, it can be acknowledged that there is a direct and strong relationship between moral ideologies and the tendency towards spirituality among athletes, so athletes need a moral teacher as much as they need to learn sports science and technology; because the art of heroism requires a complete course of mental and physical construction to achieve success and continuity. If sports can adapt to these lines, then the athlete can be induced to find a healthy life with good morals along with sports, so the need to pay attention to moral training for sports coaches and also to develop courses called applied ethics. In sports, it seemed necessary, so it seems that the more dynamic and idealistic athletes are, the deeper and more institutionalized the level of meaning in them, leading to the creation of a strong person for society in order to become a role model for adolescents and The youth will become a community. The need to pay attention to moral teachings for players in sports seemed necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - The Effect of Spiritual Intelligence Training on the Development of Spiritual Intelligence and Aggression of Isfahan’s Women Volleyball Coaches
Alireza Zamani Nukaabadi Farzane AbdiObjective: In recent years, the concept of intelligence has not only been regarded as a cognitive ability, but has been expanded to other areas such as emotional intelligence, existential intelligence, moral intelligence, spiritual intelligence, and so on. Spiritual int MoreObjective: In recent years, the concept of intelligence has not only been regarded as a cognitive ability, but has been expanded to other areas such as emotional intelligence, existential intelligence, moral intelligence, spiritual intelligence, and so on. Spiritual intelligence is defined as a set of abilities, capacities and spiritual resources that can be used in daily life can increase one's adaptability. Aggression is a practice that aims to act physically or psychologically. Aggressive perspectives in sports are also two -sided views; On the one hand, sports sites are the only place where aggression is not only permitted, but also aggressive behavior. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 9 session of spiritual intelligence training on development of spiritual intelligence and aggression of women's volleyball coaches in Isfahan city.Methodology: This research method was semi-experimental which is done via survey method. The population of this research was women's volleyball coaches in Isfahan city. From the target population 40 women's volleyball coaches randomly selected and then assigned in two experimental (N=20) and control groups (N=20). For gathering data used three Questionaires include demographic questionnaire, King spiritual Intelligence standard questionaire, and AQ aggression questionnaire. After verifying the face validity of questionnaires by professionals, reliability of questions was investigated through Cronbach Alpha method. This coefficient for spiritual intelligence questionnaires was 0/78, nd aggression was 0/89. Colmogtof-Semirnof test, Levin test and analysis of covariance was used to analyze the findings of the research.Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the spiritual intelligence, in two experimental and control groups after nine sessions of training spiritual intelligence. In other words, nine spiritual intelligence training sessions have influenced the amount of spiritual intelligence in volleyball woman coaches. Considering the Etta context, it can be said that 60 % of these changes were due to the impact of intervention, nine spiritual intelligence training sessions. Also, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the aggression, in two experimental and control groups after nine sessions of training spiritual intelligence. Considering the Etta context, it can be said that 41 % of these changes were due to the effect of intervention nine spiritual intelligence training sessions.Conclusion: Spiritual intelligence grows through education and can have a positive effect on reducing aggression in woman's Volleyball coaches. When a person needs a counselor to deal with life pressure, the spiritual domain can help the individual find meaning in stressful situations and this confrontation can be an attempt to find meaning in the position. Found hard; If we consider the ability to help spiritual resources as an intelligence, then this ability should help solve life problems and reach goals and lead to better adaptation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - Man and Generality Of Mysticism inShahabadi’s Perspective
Seyyed Nader MohammadzadehAyatollah Shahabadi’s views in terms of various issues are expressed through mystical perspectives. In his views, mankind is made up of two dimensions: internal and external. The internal aspect is of seven layers, all parallel together and potential in human instincts. MoreAyatollah Shahabadi’s views in terms of various issues are expressed through mystical perspectives. In his views, mankind is made up of two dimensions: internal and external. The internal aspect is of seven layers, all parallel together and potential in human instincts. The overall divine recognition is intertwined in it which is impeccable and inclusive. However, they are veiled by covers but through Shariah and wisdom one can return to the primary instinct. Mysticism is also just travelling through the obstacles out of the human’s instinct and reality and their realization that makes human being the mirror to the whole universe and in an accurate interpretation he is the all-around mirror of God himself. Believing in the primary instinct of human being, Shahabadi was prone to explaining mysticism to everyone so that anyone could make the best out of it to whatever extent. The path toward every stage of mysticism is soul refinement through Shariah. It can be concluded out of the study that religion is multifaceted present internally and their truth is mysticism. The necessity of introducing the internal aspect of religion is out of the fact that recognition thirst of the truth is something real and internal to human being so that it causes the return of thirsty persons to that as well as the dynamism and livelihood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Tribal Spiritual Journey in Mysticism(An Approach toward Najmuddin Raazis Mersad-al-Ebad)
Mohammad Hossein Saini Heydar Hassanloo Nazeeta MaghazayeeMysticismmeansunderstanding the Almighty God,His characters and verbs, which is heartfelt and cognitive rather than through thinking and reasoning. It is a positive mood which is primarily manifested through life, instinct, and soul; next, it is manifested in the human MoreMysticismmeansunderstanding the Almighty God,His characters and verbs, which is heartfelt and cognitive rather than through thinking and reasoning. It is a positive mood which is primarily manifested through life, instinct, and soul; next, it is manifested in the human behavior and conduct. Such specific conducts and behaviors that lead to the spiritual process are spiritual toward God. Spiritualjourney was long regarded by mystics, who wanted through the practicing mystical ideas, save themselves from the constraints of the material and whimsical desires and achieve mortality for God's survival so that each one of mystics, as per their own views, has stated certain steps and procedures totravel back to God. For instance, ShaykhNajm al-Din al-Razihasvaluable insights about the rules of spiritual journey for which this paper deal with some parts of the steps pertaining to the various tribal spiritual journey. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Adaptability and Compatibility Of Mystical Components with Science in Sheikh Mahmood Shabestaris Golshane raz
Mohammad Farahmand Maryam Soltanizadeh ManafiThe deep look at the mystical texts has led to the intellectual movements of man. The mystical recognition of mystic includes the whole world involving the universe and the metaphysical sciences. So the wise thought is necessary. Studying this filed form differen MoreThe deep look at the mystical texts has led to the intellectual movements of man. The mystical recognition of mystic includes the whole world involving the universe and the metaphysical sciences. So the wise thought is necessary. Studying this filed form different views except the scientific views and also the conformity of it to the scientific findings of the man, has not been considered by the different scientist of the different religions. Problem is this if the recognition field is higher than the recognition of the word the scientific recognition exists in it. This must be considered as the important subjects of the scientific progress and let spiritual matters enter the scientific word, but the main question in the new sciences age is that how much spiritual matters clarify the scientific theories in the mysterious explorations of the mystics. This matter has been important both in pas and now and is considered by the Scientifics and the philosophers in different branches. Some has tries to use the hostile tools in relationship between science and mystics to make this tow incompatible, and say that incompatibility exists in the soul of science and mystic. And some like Avicenna and Sohre vardi in past and Allame M.T Jafari, Ph.D E. Dinani and Ph.D E. Gomsheyi have tried to make men science and spiritual talks are in conformity to each other. On the other hand some has tried to separate the science and mystic totally and look at them as different subjects. So it is tried in this writing to study the spiritual lines of Sheikh Mahmoud according to the scientific data conforming to the new scientific explorations of the modern age in these lines as possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Educational teachings and doctrines Of Sufis
Jamshid Sadri Nahid JianiThe ultimate goal of the Sufi’s educational teachings and doctrines is to train human to achieve perfection. In addition to the individual dimension, in this regard, the social and cultural dimensions are also emphasized. Thus, people can know their true position in the MoreThe ultimate goal of the Sufi’s educational teachings and doctrines is to train human to achieve perfection. In addition to the individual dimension, in this regard, the social and cultural dimensions are also emphasized. Thus, people can know their true position in the universe, adorn with good attributes and deeds, and find the best way for good living. Recognizing that the human soul is unique in every moment, he/ she will respect time. Because man has not stopped in the past, the hatred and enmity, envy, hatred, gossip, slander, and other moral vices will not have the opportunity to emerge. This study aimed to investigate the Sufis teachings’ social achievements such as self-purification based on moral teachings and time situation, socialization, public service, cooperation and altruism, philosophy and freedom education, business, and etc. Also, this study answered to this question: whether Islamic mysticism leads to isolation and separation of the individual from society? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - A critique Of Avicennas Account Of Mystical Precept
Monireh Seyed MazhariAvicenna, can be regarded as the most prominent of Islamic philosophers. Despite the fact that he lived in the medieval era, he did not follow the medieval line of thought. He was rather like Renaissance thinkers in opposing any sort of narrow-minded dogmatism and blind MoreAvicenna, can be regarded as the most prominent of Islamic philosophers. Despite the fact that he lived in the medieval era, he did not follow the medieval line of thought. He was rather like Renaissance thinkers in opposing any sort of narrow-minded dogmatism and blind imitation of the ancients as well as in relying on reason and experiment as the only touchstone of truth and never rejected a belief before he found conclusive evidence in its refutation and meanwhile regarded it as possible. That is why he considered the intuitive findings of mystics and the miracles of saints as logically possible and in some of his works sought to provide philosophical justifications for them. However drawing on evidence from Avicenna's life, we will to show that he never set foot on the path of mystic quest and neither did he adopt a Sufi's life style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Ascent in Mystical Interpretations
Seyyed Nader Mohammadzadeh Behrooz KasirlooThis paper seeks to study over the concept of ascent from the standpoint of the Koran and interpretations, especially mystical ones. Ascent is a mystical religious concept that has a record in other religions as well. Ascent to some people is something physical and to o MoreThis paper seeks to study over the concept of ascent from the standpoint of the Koran and interpretations, especially mystical ones. Ascent is a mystical religious concept that has a record in other religions as well. Ascent to some people is something physical and to others is spiritual. A group of others have also interpreted it to be both physical and spiritual. The ascent of the prophet Mohammad has been clearly mentioned in the Koran in two different Suras, namely Osara and Najm. The purpose of spiritual ascent is reflection on the divine creations and witnessing His glory and face , submerging into His thought and citation, and finally releasing from any materialistic and worldly appeal and going through the position of universe in the process of conscience and heart. During this spiritual journey, the prophet travels through all the degrees of the heavens and even gets to a higher position than the angel. In fact, from mystics point of view, the ascent of the prophet is a divine example of mystical ascent that other people will be able to make it if the requirements are met and personal mystical capacities permit, though not as much as that of the prophet Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Reflection Of Deliberate Death in ManteghulTair
Seyed Yahya Yasrebi Elaheh ShayestehrokhFrom mystical followers’ point of view death is the beginning of a never ending life. This is true not only for forceful and emerging death but also for deliberate and optional one. If in unpredictable death one’s soul is forced to leave the body and meet the Almighty, MoreFrom mystical followers’ point of view death is the beginning of a never ending life. This is true not only for forceful and emerging death but also for deliberate and optional one. If in unpredictable death one’s soul is forced to leave the body and meet the Almighty, in deliberate death, before one’s destined death arrives it is done through the mystic’s own wish and will power. Attar Neyshaboori has explained in his book called ManteghulTair the hard journey of the mystic on the main path toward God and has admitted that only those whose entities are refined and polished from the spiritual contaminants and moral impurities and reflect truth will be allowed to be present before God while at the same time they find out that they have become a part of absolute truth and are not detached from any more, and on this way the assistance and contribution of the Almighty as well as following the leader who knows the way will make the endeavor and strife of those seeking God fruitful Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Proximity Of ‘Mohayyamin Spirits’ with ‘Supreme Item’ in IbnArabi’s Mysticism and Sublime
Mehdi ZamaniMohayyamin is a word used in IbnArabi’s school of thought and the sublime philosophy concerning the spirits or angels enfatuated in God and the Almighty, frenzied and admiring at the same time, while having no knowledge of themselves, nor the creation and human being. T MoreMohayyamin is a word used in IbnArabi’s school of thought and the sublime philosophy concerning the spirits or angels enfatuated in God and the Almighty, frenzied and admiring at the same time, while having no knowledge of themselves, nor the creation and human being. Therefore, they are absolute spirits and on account of their highness they are called angels. Thus, they are not obliged to prostrate to man. Of course, sometimes they are called cherubs. Some of the sublime philosophers have compared them with those “Egyptian illuminators” in Illumination philosophy. These spirits as a result of the self-manifestation of God are created in the order of compassionate spirits. In the categories of mystics ‘singles’ could be assumed as the manifestation of their souls.in some aspects, they are somehow superior to sublime items whereas in other aspects they are equal in their order. Moreover, in the attitudes of some scholars such as Mollasadra, these spirits are superior to angels though viewed by Gheysari they are a part of them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - Quality Of Monk in Mystic Legitimacy Conduct Of Attar and Molavi
Reza Heydari Nouri Seyyed Ali Mohammad SajjadiIn the mystic and Sufism school, the purpose of the devotee conducts towards Allah, the recognition of the truth, the union with the eternal essence of divinity, hence the legitimacy of the people of wisdom would not be accomplished without the principal guidance of the MoreIn the mystic and Sufism school, the purpose of the devotee conducts towards Allah, the recognition of the truth, the union with the eternal essence of divinity, hence the legitimacy of the people of wisdom would not be accomplished without the principal guidance of the aware and wise monk and the religious teacher. In the mystic thought of Attar and Molavi, the role of the monk is observed on the guidance of the devotee of the divinity, which is the most important element of the enlightenment. In respect to their viewpoints, the dialogue with the literal Sheikh and religious teacher, which could be the alleviation of the physical and spiritual diseases and the evolution elixir for the presence of the devotee? The religious teacher helps the devotee in the mystic sensual conduct, so that the devotee may pace his/her path towards Allah. In the viewpoint of Attar and Molana (Molavi), the monk is the key of rescue, shadow of truth, realization of heavens and holy attributes, awareness of secrets and existential enigma, associate of divinity, emissary of hearts, and able to acquire in the universe. The monk relies on the divinity and the impoverishment of the his or her situations, acts, and nature and his/her pure existential mirror reflects the holy glow and radiates the mystic spirituality path of the devotees towards Allah. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - The Commitment Of Molana Jalaledin to Sharia, spirituality and truth
Fatemeh heydari Maryam KiyaniSufism who often considers three categories of sharia, spirituality and truth as a single and indivisible concept believe that the sharia is beginning to enter the law and; they also count spirituality and truth without sharia as heterodoxy and atheism. Moreover, Sufism MoreSufism who often considers three categories of sharia, spirituality and truth as a single and indivisible concept believe that the sharia is beginning to enter the law and; they also count spirituality and truth without sharia as heterodoxy and atheism. Moreover, Sufism regards sharia as a guidance, piety and reliance on Allah, without which one cannot attain the spiritual goals. Molana Jalaledin Mohammad Balkhi is mystic of seventh century that likens the sharia to a candle without the light of which, it is impossible to conduct spirituality and get the truth. He insists in his writings about the discrepancies in these three categories and the obligatory of performance and observance of sharia principles, beliefs and transactions of sharia, spirituality and truth. The present paper aims to separate his comments in context of his belief and also have an overview on the tenets of sharia and favorite and their mean. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - Silence and Quietude from Mystics' Viewpoint
Ahmadreza YalmehaSpiritual journey has got its own constituents, formalities, and conditions. One of the constituents is known to be silence and quietude. In the Koran and relations, silence has always been addressed as an exalted icon and value. In mystical prose and poetry, too, silen MoreSpiritual journey has got its own constituents, formalities, and conditions. One of the constituents is known to be silence and quietude. In the Koran and relations, silence has always been addressed as an exalted icon and value. In mystical prose and poetry, too, silence is a pre-condition of solitude and one of the means of achieving mystical perfection, having some advantages and consequences. Some mystics assume tariqa principles as silence itself. Since silence is of various types, there are different comments and beliefs concerning Sufis' silence so that some prefer to be silent and some would rather talk. As far as possible, this paper tries to first analyze the concept of silence and quietude in the Koran and relations and key mystical literature, and then deal with Masnavi Ma'navi in which mystical silence and quietude are reflected and has got special manifestation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - From Self-Mortality to Eternity in God
Soghra Babapour Mehdi DehbashiTo achieve the reality of existence and eternity, mankind should be mortal. Man should perish his entity to be able to gain his real self that is nothing but the everlasting Almighty. At this stage, man can not find any trace of himself and whatever is looked upon is on MoreTo achieve the reality of existence and eternity, mankind should be mortal. Man should perish his entity to be able to gain his real self that is nothing but the everlasting Almighty. At this stage, man can not find any trace of himself and whatever is looked upon is only God. There is no desire to be manifested. Mortality is of several kinds but the most significant hierarchy of which includes operational, characteristic, and instinctive kind. Of course, in the overall stages, mortality is a category of survival. The mortal man achieves that knowledge which there wouldn't be any veil against him and that he perceives truths in their true formats. And in the end, he achieves the knowledge which finds out there is no entity to have independence and that everyone is mortal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Diseases Of Heart and the Ways to Recover from the Koran Viewpoint plus Mystical Literature
Maryam ZibaeenejadIn this paper, the writer tries to explain the diseases that deviate and evolve heart resulting in depression and death of heart by going through mystical cultures and texts while providing different definitions of heart and soul documented out of the Holy Koran and evi MoreIn this paper, the writer tries to explain the diseases that deviate and evolve heart resulting in depression and death of heart by going through mystical cultures and texts while providing different definitions of heart and soul documented out of the Holy Koran and evidences in mystical literature, having in mind that the Almighty has mentioned the heart diseases and the ways to recover them. The writer has explained the recovery ways of the diseases according to the verses of the Koran and the traditions, after a study over them, together with evidences reflected in mystical verses and prose so that the impression of the Koran on mystical literature could be recognized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Truth Of Torment in Mysticism (Based on Ibn Arabi Viewpoint)
Mahnaz Tavakoli Marziyeh PeyvandiIn Spiritual wayfaring toward The Great Lord, any sin and disobedience from the order of the dearest -The Lord- in itself will be deemed a sin that will be followed by torment. The veil of divine revelation and closeness to God, in the mystics’ point of view, is the evi MoreIn Spiritual wayfaring toward The Great Lord, any sin and disobedience from the order of the dearest -The Lord- in itself will be deemed a sin that will be followed by torment. The veil of divine revelation and closeness to God, in the mystics’ point of view, is the evidence of torment and so is hell with the same level and deprivation of divine closeness. Any kinds of sin include stages of the same dimension which per se is torment so that the punishment of hypocrites and infidels and the rest will be different according to their levels. In fact, Hell and Naar are general concepts which cover all different aspects of punishment by themselves. Ibn-Arabi believes that the nature of torment is changeable and unstable, therefore it is a relative issue that fits with talent and taste in different recipients. In fact, in Ibn-Arabi’s point of view it is the understanding, impression and knowledge of the suffering man that would evolve towards to the issue of torment and thereby feels no pain and agony, and his torment finally ends up. What comes out of mystical texts would be that the punishment is in fact a manifestation of divine mercy indeed, which is used by God to reduce the burden of his sin by tormenting the guilty ones by means of which this mercy clears the nature of the guilty ones from turpitude and vice. This study attempts to use the verses and the words of mystics in a descriptive and analytical way to make clear the different aspects of the idea of torment, its reality and different kinds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - The Status of"Knowledge and Truth"and Their Effects on Spiritual Healthin the Views of Rumi and Forum
Mohammad AbdolrahimiThe spiritual health refers to the health of human spiritual dimensions that includes all levels of the non-material aspects (mind, intellect, heart, etc.) of human. Rumi and Forum have considered"Knowledge and Truth" as one of the major causes of mental (spiritual) hea MoreThe spiritual health refers to the health of human spiritual dimensions that includes all levels of the non-material aspects (mind, intellect, heart, etc.) of human. Rumi and Forum have considered"Knowledge and Truth" as one of the major causes of mental (spiritual) health. This issue does have a pivotal role in their teachings. Despite the distance of time and space and differences in their cultures and approaches, abundance of sharing can be found in their words. This suggests propinquity with Rumi’s mysticism and Forum’s thoughts on this subject. Both scholars believe in the truth in human being and the surrounding world, and they consider human as being talented and capable of recognizing and achieving that truth and neither rely on the theoretical knowledge. Therefore, both of them emphasize on the "practice the right" and adhere to ethical principles and values and requirements - to achieve higher levels of perception of the truth. Both have considered some influences for the "perception of the truth" and those influences are the primary requirements of the dimensions of human spiritual health. It can be said that "Knowledge and the Truth" are not only anultimate for the creation of human nature and human life, but also a genuine need for spiritually becoming and staying healthy and human beings would be suffering from spiritual and mental illnesses without them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Craziness and Crazy likeness in Mystical Literature
حسین آریانLove, affection, and beauty have been some of the everlasting concerns of mankind who have been engaged with it globally and mentally. These essential matters have special reflection in mysticism insofar as they have been proposed as one of the mystical debates in its v MoreLove, affection, and beauty have been some of the everlasting concerns of mankind who have been engaged with it globally and mentally. These essential matters have special reflection in mysticism insofar as they have been proposed as one of the mystical debates in its various branches. Loving the beloved, drowing in the infinite beauty of the eternal image of God, and having a sip of His affectionate wine make lover a sensation that take him her away from consciousness and reasoning to the bowndless desert of craziness and bewilderement, and as Sufis claim, drive anyone from sobriety to intoxication, and in his inebriation and craziness, he will alienate himself by having a pure wine of unity, behaving in a queer and strange way different from human reasoning and wordly intelligence quite close to insane people, thus it causes a sort of behavior that will be explored later in the paper. These insane and divinely intoxicated people in their impersonal intoxication achieve one of the most beautiful and uncontaminated spiritual and internal relation with their eternally mere beloved, getting so much ripened that nothing remains from their egos except Him and nothing else. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Ethics in the KhajooKermani’s Poems
Mahdieh Cheraghi Ahmad ZakeriKhajooKermani was a scholar whose poetry dealt with ethical issues. He was influenced by his master, Sheikh Kazerooni, and adopted the school of Morshediyeh-the school in which the followers believed in ethical values. He followed the school of ethics such as other cont MoreKhajooKermani was a scholar whose poetry dealt with ethical issues. He was influenced by his master, Sheikh Kazerooni, and adopted the school of Morshediyeh-the school in which the followers believed in ethical values. He followed the school of ethics such as other contemporary scholars including Attar, Molavi, and Ibn-Al-Arabi. They believed love is superior to logic and wisdom. He developed his conception of ethics to arrive at the knowledge of absolute fact-God. The purpose of this study was to review the Khajoo’s poems to discover the ethical concepts he reflected in his poetry. His poems showed that he passed the seven theological steps towards God and reached God’s knowledge which helped him merged with the absolute familiarity with God. This was made through efforts and exercises that any religious person should pass to make God satisfy. Hypocrisy and showing off could be the main obstacles of arriving at this position. He then followed the style of ethical meditation in which he merged in God. He believed that the universe was created based on the God’s love and the Holy Spirit. Thus we should try to follow ethical values in the world and with training and meditation leave the earthly world through seven stages of spiritual journey and settle in the spiritual world. This is the ultimate goal of human beings created by God. Therefore the follower may choose his own death and leave his earthly life to meet God’s throne and refer to the first place in which he dwelled before coming to this Earth. Human beings are carrying the God’s spirit and this can help them to return to their origin. They should cleanse their sprits through meditation and then go to the unity in which they become one again in front of God. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - A study of "The Baptized Son" by Leo Tolstoy with regard to teachings of Islam and mysticism
Janolah Karimi Motahhar Marzieh Yahyapour Roya GholamalishahiLeo Tolstoy is one of the greatest renowned writers of the world who, in his works, adopts a special stance regarding issues of philosophical and mystical nature. This is quite visible in the story “The baptized son” which might be of clear conceptual resemblance for th MoreLeo Tolstoy is one of the greatest renowned writers of the world who, in his works, adopts a special stance regarding issues of philosophical and mystical nature. This is quite visible in the story “The baptized son” which might be of clear conceptual resemblance for the oriental audience, especially those from Iran. While dealing with this story, the present article strives to maintain a conceptual interpretation of the elements that have caused a resemblance between the aforementioned story and the post-Islamic literature and mysticism of Iran. It also tries to disclose these similarities and at the same time clearly illustrate that the “Baptized Son” is an allusion to some Quranic stories. It also focuses on portraying the fact that concepts like sin and repentance enjoy a special place in the Iranian mysticism just as they do in this story. As this great author pictures, the main theme of the story is the ever-lasting struggle between vice and virtue, one of the major themes both in Islam and in Persian literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Traversing Heavens in Attar's Mystical Journey
Reza Heydari NooriIslamic mysticism that is inspired by revelation teachings, according to the Quranic verse quoted "We will soon show them Our signs in the Universe and in their own souls, until it will become quite clear to them that it is the truth." (Fussilat (41): 53), t MoreIslamic mysticism that is inspired by revelation teachings, according to the Quranic verse quoted "We will soon show them Our signs in the Universe and in their own souls, until it will become quite clear to them that it is the truth." (Fussilat (41): 53), the spiritual journey of a Sufi involves traversing heavens and souls. Attar in his mystical masterpieces of prose and verse has explained how to have mystical journey, especially traversing heavens, and how to catch Suffi's attention toward that. In Attar's mystical thought, traversing heavens comes before spiritual journey. Even with "Fact is an arch of metaphor" observing the manifestations of the universe – that is symbol of names and attributes of Allah – is essential for mystical conduct, and understanding the quality of creatures' relationship with each other and the creator of universe, results in observation of the Almighty's manifestation and elegance in created components. Attar's process of traversing heavens ranges from the stage of material and natural life to the stage of soul and spirit up to world of heaven. He removes various veils from the manifestations of the universe by his penetrating look and achieving the conscience of it, seeing the unity fact in the possible existence of the universe, and through the unity of witness's theory he become connected with the really exact source of the universe – that is the ultimate wishes of a Sufi. Manuscript profile -
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170 - Mystical Allusions in Hafiz’s Sonnet
Masood Haji Rabie Zahra ShirdeliNormal0falsefalsefalseEN-USX-NONEAR-SA /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-pare MoreNormal0falsefalsefalseEN-USX-NONEAR-SA /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} > This paper tries to explain the mystical allusions in Hafiz’s sonnets according to Islamic thoughts, exclusively in NahjulBalaghah, in descriptive analytical method and use of index cards in library searching, out of various source books, as well as the personal implication of the writer. Some of Hafiz’s sonnets taken into account in this paper relate that the spirit of humankind is captured in the cage of body, and of liberated, it will ascend to its authentic source with this idea that the material world is a barrier for itself to get into the world of spirituality and the divinity. In addition, with reference to NahjulBalaghah and verses of the Quran, the sonnets draw a picture of the process in which the spirit returns to its divine source with a more rational and intelligible explanation to the reader; moreover, grown out of the Quranic school and affected by its cognitive teachings, Hafiz reminds the reader of the detachment of soul from its everlasting source by a very heartfelt narration. Manuscript profile -
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171 - A Comparative Study of Approaches Toward Islamic Beliefs in Resurrection and its Reflection on Rumi's Masnavi and Shabestary'sGolshan-e-Raaz
Parvin GolizadehThe proximity of mysticism with Islam, and the extensive relationship of mystical education with Sharia issues and special principles of Islam, and the effectiveness of poets, writers, and especially Islamic mystics and doctrines throughout the history of Persian poetry MoreThe proximity of mysticism with Islam, and the extensive relationship of mystical education with Sharia issues and special principles of Islam, and the effectiveness of poets, writers, and especially Islamic mystics and doctrines throughout the history of Persian poetry and literature, have always led to the creation of comprehensive works of art in the field of Iranian Islamic mysticism. Special capability of mystics and great scholars of philosophy and Islamic philosophy has caused the combination of these two fields, namely mysticism and Islamic education, and has added to their general coverage, too. In this regard, Rumi and Shabestary, regardless of their common grounds of beliefs in ideology and personal style, had been able to project their doctrines totally in their remaining works of art, out of which believing in physical and spiritual resurrection is a common issue in their worldview. Although the attention toward tenets and attitudes in Masnavi-e-Ma'navi by Rumi is more, due to a large amount of points available, and lesser in Golshan-e-Raaz, on account of restricted points available, than other similar issues, it can designate fresh and unique researches per se so that the writers endeavor to investigate the matter of resurrection comparatively in the minds of Rumi and Shabestary base on evidences of Islamic tenets and trainings, so that some of the dogmas and beliefs of some mystic poets of this kind could be revealed Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Islamic Theory of Spiritual Intelligence: Designing a Model of Spiritual Intelligence with an Islamic Approach as the Spiritual Capital of Managers
Behzad Hodhodi Bijan Abdullahi Hamidreza Arasteh Hassan Reza ZeinabadiSpiritual intelligence is the result of decades of studies in the field of religion psychology, which as an infrastructure of spiritual capital plays an important role in increasing the psychological capital, well-being and spiritual maturity of a person, the effectiven MoreSpiritual intelligence is the result of decades of studies in the field of religion psychology, which as an infrastructure of spiritual capital plays an important role in increasing the psychological capital, well-being and spiritual maturity of a person, the effectiveness of management and leadership. Considering the role of religious teachings in the formation of the concept of spiritual intelligence and its promotion in contemporary and creative research texts from the perspective of Islamic studies, the purpose of this study is to contrast the sources, inferences and symptoms of spiritual intelligence from Islamic sources and design a model of spiritual intelligence. It was from an Islamic point of view. The main question was whether spiritual intelligence was conceptualized directly or implicitly in the original texts, Islamic philosophical and mystical sources? And if yes, what are its components and indicators? To modify this pattern, the qualitative method of document analysis with two techniques of conceptual analysis and content analysis as well as independent processing through MAXQDA software was used. To ensure the validity of the research and its model, the completed method of quality studies of Lincoln and Guba included four criteria of reliability, validity and connectivity, personality verification and mobile transmission. The results showed that this concept is processed in Islamic texts in the form of a system of three categories of intellect, heart and wisdom and with words such as holy power, holy wisdom, esoteric intelligence, faithful foresight, the highest level of intelligence, wisdom, intuition and also with glasses. The term spiritual intelligence has been designed and studied and spiritual intelligence has been introduced under the titles of "Ulwal Bab" and "Oli Al-Absar". The five components and indicators extracted from Islamic texts and sources are: searching for meaning and purpose (with indicators of questioning and critical thinking of existence, discovering and creating meaning and purpose in life and work), changing understanding (with indicators of virtue) Cognition group, the effect of transcendence on methods, levels and sources of cognition); Use of relevant ads (with indicators of God-awareness, transcendent self-awareness, verse perception of existence, discernment of good and evil); Spirituality (with the index of inner spiritual life) and Wisdom (with the index of living wise). Manuscript profile -
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173 - A Comparative Study of the Levels of Resurrection from Seyed Heidar Amoli’s and Mir Seyed Ali Hamedani’s Point of View
Sirus Morady mohammad ibrahim maalmir Esmaeil Mansury LarijanyResurrection and Ma’aad are among the basic and important issues of Islamic mysticism. In different eras, mystics have spoken in some way about the truth, its types, levels, and its quidity. Accordingly, this documentary study has comparatively studied the levels MoreResurrection and Ma’aad are among the basic and important issues of Islamic mysticism. In different eras, mystics have spoken in some way about the truth, its types, levels, and its quidity. Accordingly, this documentary study has comparatively studied the levels of resurrection from the perspective of Seyyed Haidar Amoli and Mirsid Ali Hamedani, two great Shia mystics - eighth century AH - and has concluded that Seyyed Heidar based on trinitarian epistemology And the principles of mystical ontology and anthropology have been considered, analyzed and studied the levels of resurrection and have been divided into two types and for each type, it has been drawn twelve times. Mir Seyed Ali first draws and explains the fourfold resurrection based on the square epistemology of the secrets of point and number four, then divides, analyzes and examines the three types of resurrection based on the trinity epistemology and inner esoteric man. Amoli has a theoretical approach but Seyyed Haidar Amoli, as a great theorist of Shiite mysticism in analyzing the levels of resurrection, has a theoretical approach but Hamedani as a Murshid (Master), has actually a practical and educational approach to the issue Manuscript profile -
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174 - Comparative Study of Mystical Journey from Viewpoints of Lady Amin, Theologian, and Teresa of Avila
azim hamzeian Reza Tabatabaee AmidPractical mysticism or spiritual journey is the cornerstone of mysticism. Theoretical mysticism is the interpretation and explanation of findings out of practical mysticism. Mystics allocate various stages for mystical journey. Therefore, the foundation for the stages a MorePractical mysticism or spiritual journey is the cornerstone of mysticism. Theoretical mysticism is the interpretation and explanation of findings out of practical mysticism. Mystics allocate various stages for mystical journey. Therefore, the foundation for the stages and positions overlap one another so that there appears to be no specific differences between them. In other divine religions there are mystics who have come to intuition through mystical journey. Lady Amin and Teresa of Avila are among the well-known Islamic and Christian mystics. Both of them have personally experienced the stages of spiritual journey and have explained about them in their works of art. Teresa of Avila has explained the spiritual journey in the seven stage "Interior Castle" whereas Lady Amin has narrated the journey stages in her book titled "Spiritual Journey by Saints (Sayr va Sulūk dar Ravish-i Awliyāʼ-i Allāh) through eight stages. The result of comparison between their spiritual journey states depicts that the main elements and stages of spiritual journey for them have a lot in common and that there are no particular differences observed. There are however some minor differences only when there is a mystical mood apparent. Their explanations seems as if these two mystics have finally reached the revelation through intuition Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - Mystical Approach of Amir Khosrow Dehlavi in his Poem Doval Rani wa Khizr Khan Based on Robert A. Emmons’ Viewpoint on Spiritual Intelligence
Maryam Kargar mandana Mangeli Asieh Zabihnia EmranRobert A. Emmons first mentioned about the spiritual dimension of human intelligence in 1996. He described spiritual intelligence as a set of abilities to utilize religious and spiritual resources to experience mysticism. Amir Khosrow Dehlavi is one of the most famous m MoreRobert A. Emmons first mentioned about the spiritual dimension of human intelligence in 1996. He described spiritual intelligence as a set of abilities to utilize religious and spiritual resources to experience mysticism. Amir Khosrow Dehlavi is one of the most famous mystic- poets of Indian Persian in the second half of the seventh century and early eighth century AH. He was a disciple of his mentor Hazrat Nizamuddin (d.1325 A.D.) and his training gave Khosrow a special place in Sufism. His poem Doval Rani wa Khizr Khan has been composed with a mystical approach, and the mystical teachings in the poem are quite evident. The present article seeks to answer the question of what is the most important index of spiritual intelligence in the mystical view of Amir Khosrow Dehlavi which he has incorporated in the poem Doval Rani wa Khizr Khan. Do they have bearing on the theory of Emmons’ spiritual intelligence? According to my research, Amir Khosrow has combined mysticism and spiritual intelligence in the poem Doval Rani wa Khizr Khan. The elements of kindness, generosity, self-esteem, empathy, altruism, love, self-sacrifice and tolerance in the poem are common features that have been identified as prominent components of spiritual intelligence in the theory of Emmons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - Analyzing the Socio-historical Relationship between Sufism, Diplomacy and Power in Iran at Mongol Era
Mahdi JanaliyanThe leading research aims to analyze the type of political-social relations of Sufi mysticism with the sphere of politics and political power in Iran under the Mongol dynasty. In this case, it explores the period between 1200 AD and 1500 AD with an analytical and histor MoreThe leading research aims to analyze the type of political-social relations of Sufi mysticism with the sphere of politics and political power in Iran under the Mongol dynasty. In this case, it explores the period between 1200 AD and 1500 AD with an analytical and historical method. The important question is that Sufi mysticism in the above historical conditions, did they enter into converging and important relations with the sultans and Mongol dynasty, or did they turn to divergent and confrontational relations, or at least isolationist? In response, it is stated that the tolerant spirit of the Mongols, the structural homogeneity between the status of magicians and the beliefs of the Mongols with the dignity of mystics and the teachings of mystics, and the need of the Mongols to transform hard power into authority through legitimizing power, together cause attention, respect, and assistance. The financial and even political advice of the Mongol sultans was compared to the old Sufis. In such a situation, some Sufi schools relied on their spiritual power, disciplinary power, and knowledge to cooperate and legitimize the secular government. But another group turned away from convergence with political power. Also, the political power of Mongol was influenced by the spiritual power, the disciplinary power, and the knowledge that was reminiscent of Sufi mysticism. Therefore, in the network of power relations, power flowed not only from the top to the bottom, but from the bottom to the top (although unequally). Here, monasteries appear as a focus for the exercise of spiritual power and disciplinary power of mystics and Sufis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - Study of Rational and Intuitive Spiritual Journey by Sohrevardi
Hossein Hatamvand Hossein Falsafi Ali FathullahiIn this paper the rational and intuitive spiritual journey by Sohrevardi and Habermas' philosophical theories, especially focused on the system of values and ethics, instrumental rationality and communicative rationality are evaluated with his thoughts. The purpose of t MoreIn this paper the rational and intuitive spiritual journey by Sohrevardi and Habermas' philosophical theories, especially focused on the system of values and ethics, instrumental rationality and communicative rationality are evaluated with his thoughts. The purpose of this paper has been to demonstrate that Sohrevardi was not ignorant even in his own intuitive journey, and to achieve the true reality of human felicity and the necessary intuitive knowledge, he deems wisdom and intuition are supplementary to one another. Accordingly, Sohrevardi somehow founded the school of thought called "Integration School" that is a blend of wisdom, quotation, and intuition. There are similarities between Sohrevardi's theories and thoughts with Habermas in terms of system of values and instrumental rationality and communication which this paper has studied and analyzed them here. Habermas and Sohrevardi both believe that one can achieve beyond rationality realities upon the expansion of rational perceptions. Sohrevardi is of a believe that mystical discoveries are also comprehensible through rationality. Habermas on the other hand believes that one can achieve valuable truths through rationality but through communication and mutual understanding. In Sheikh Eshraq's opinion, rationality is supplement of intuition and vice versa; nevertheless, Habermas' notion is that rationality is after proving it. The rationality that Sohrevardi tries to develop is the philosophical rationality to achieve truth and felicity of human beings through the growth and development of intuition Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - Comparison of the Status of Poverty (Faghr) from the Perspective of Khajuye Kermani and Shah Nematullah Vali
Suri Bidabady roya ahm,ad a,mraji Shahparak Farahbakhsh EsfahanPoverty as a stage of life is of great importance not only in literature, but also in the mystical field. The seeker in this position achieves the annihilation of God by denying the transcendence of God, which is the ultimate mysticism. This study has analytically-compa MorePoverty as a stage of life is of great importance not only in literature, but also in the mystical field. The seeker in this position achieves the annihilation of God by denying the transcendence of God, which is the ultimate mysticism. This study has analytically-comparatively examined and compared the views of two prominent mystics and poets of the eighth century, Khajuye Kermani and Shah Nematullah Vali, regarding the concept of poverty. Findings show that both poets' view of poverty includes spiritual poverty, which elevates the human spirit to perfection and a high position in relation to richness. The difference is that Khajou has considered material poverty in some verses that have low frequency. He also used other terms in the meaning of poverty, such as: begging, poverty, while Shah Nematullah, in addition to these words, also used the word "dervish" a lot. This kind of application of poverty indicates the diversity of the Sufi language of the two poets in expressing their mystical purpose and the duality of the concept of poverty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - The Role of Spiritual Behavior and Practical Mysticism in Strengthening the Couples' Relationships based on the Qur'an and the Narrations of the Infallibles
. Ma&rsquo;someh Alsadat hosseini mirsafiThe family is a social institution with many functions and effects that are both influential and influential from other social institutions. The desired family system in Islam is formed with the focus on men and women and welcomes any correct method that leads to the st MoreThe family is a social institution with many functions and effects that are both influential and influential from other social institutions. The desired family system in Islam is formed with the focus on men and women and welcomes any correct method that leads to the strengthening of marital relations and practical mysticism and spiritual conduct are among these methods. In practical mysticism, the seeker tries to interpret all his affairs in relation to God and see him present and present in his life. Using practical mysticism, the seeker realizes what he has to do and moves on to reach intuition and the truth of existence. Having these states for the seeker does not mean being away from society. In Islamic mysticism, mystics live in spiritual conduct, at the height of disregard for the world, like other peoples, and use the advantages of social life to strengthen the Seleucid aspect, and their mystical perceptions for their social life. Therefore, the formation of a family and the correct relationship between couples has always been considered in the life of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the Imams (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and the author intends to answer the question and what role does practical mysticism play in strengthening couples' relationships? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - Spiritual Distortion, Challenge and Immortality of the Quran from the Perspective of Rumi's Mathnavi
Sedigheh Esfandiary mohammad reza shayegh Mohammad Reza AbueiThe Holy Quran is a book of guidance and a source of mercy and good news for Muslims. Throughout history, verses of Quran and themes have been an artistic tool and a source of inspiration for poets and writers. In Rumi's Mathnavi, the use, martyrdom and recourse of them MoreThe Holy Quran is a book of guidance and a source of mercy and good news for Muslims. Throughout history, verses of Quran and themes have been an artistic tool and a source of inspiration for poets and writers. In Rumi's Mathnavi, the use, martyrdom and recourse of themes and stories of Quran is so wide and varied that it is either not possible to understand most of the Mathnavi except by knowing the concepts of Quran or, if possible, it cannot be comprehensive and complete. On the contrary, it seems more possible to know some esoteric and spiritual truths of the Quran with Rumi's book. In the present study, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method and using library resources, examples of spiritual distortion of the Quran in Rumi's Mathnavi, the poet's challenge in his Mathnavi with the Holy Quran and its meanings and finally the immortality of the Quran in Mathnavi Is mentioned. The results indicate that the spiritual distortion of the Quran in Mathnavi is in the context of the story of not prostrating to the devil, the cases of defiance with the Quran are more than the cases of distortion and finally the clear manifestation of verses of Quran, concepts and stories in Rumi's Mathnavi shows well. This poet, in turn, has a role to play in perpetuating the concepts of the Holy Quran and transmitting its teachings to the people of later historical periods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
181 - An analytic comparative survey of semantics of conceptual mystical metaphors in first section of the quran and first chapter of masnavi manavi
Maryam amin afshar masuod akhbarizadeh Mehdi mohamadi niaIt is obvious that the Qur'an is the book of the life of Muslims and has had a great impact on all Islamic culture and literature. One of the greatest literary learners of the Qur'an is Maulana Jalaluddin Rumi Balkhi, and his outstanding work, Masnavi, is not so full of MoreIt is obvious that the Qur'an is the book of the life of Muslims and has had a great impact on all Islamic culture and literature. One of the greatest literary learners of the Qur'an is Maulana Jalaluddin Rumi Balkhi, and his outstanding work, Masnavi, is not so full of active concepts and teachings. It is a Qur'an and mysticism called the Persian Qur'an. In this article, we intend to compare and analyze the conceptual and mystical metaphors in the Qur'an and Masnavi. Metaphor is one of the literary arrays in Persian literature and is also available in other languages. Metaphor is examined from a variety of aspects, one of the important aspects of which is the conceptualization of metaphor, which is called "conceptual metaphor". The Holy Qur'an, which has a high level of texts, also has metaphors. Accordingly, in the present study, a comparative study of the semantics of metaphors of the first and the twentieth parts of the Qur'an and the first and second offices of Mashhavi Molavi have been discussed. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical with comparative approach. The results of the research showed that the conceptual metaphors used in the Holy Qur'an in the first part are more than the second part and concern topics such as worldly life and human guidance and the impact of heart. In other words, it can be said that the conceptual metaphors used in the Holy Qur'an focus more on the understanding of human beings and seek to understand this person. In the spiritual Masnavi, conceptual metaphors are in the domain of mystical concepts and paths to reach the beloved, often expressed by concepts related to love, such as fire and hearts, and so on. In sum, the common sense of the Quranic metaphors and spiritual masnavas can be discussed in the "Dell" sections. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - Critique and Study of the Indian Sir Syed Ahmed Khan’s Hypothesis on Metaphysic Things and Mystical Intuitions from Alameh Tabatabaei’s Standpoint
seyed ali mousaviaslArguing that religion is the promise of God and that the knowledge and act of God may not contradict, the Indian Sir Syed Ahmed Khan deems the empirical theories arisen from sensations as something absolute and unchanging; interprets the absolute religious teachings, me MoreArguing that religion is the promise of God and that the knowledge and act of God may not contradict, the Indian Sir Syed Ahmed Khan deems the empirical theories arisen from sensations as something absolute and unchanging; interprets the absolute religious teachings, metaphysic things, and mystical intuitions through symbolic language of religion; and considers the truth of all prophesy, revelation, prophetic miracles, angels, demons, mystical intuitions, and imams’ generosities as illusions. Conversely, Allaneh Tabatabaei, rejecting the allegations, argues the words in their conventional and lexical meanings and uses references to the verses interpreting other verses without reasoning in a way that we usually resort to; expressing the law of causality, he explains the miracles in a form of natural processing that affected by God under the circumstances of time and cause of the occurance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
183 - Integration of the predatory bug Deraeocoris lutescens with some conventional insecticides and plant-derived chemicals to manage Aphis fabae
Sedigheh Soleimani Nasab Kamal Ahmadi Mohammad Khayrandish KashkooeiThe black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most important pests of several cultivated crops throughout the world. The predatory bug Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling) (Hemiptera: Miridae) have privileged position in biological control MoreThe black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most important pests of several cultivated crops throughout the world. The predatory bug Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling) (Hemiptera: Miridae) have privileged position in biological control of aphids such as the black bean aphid, A. fabae. The other method to control aphids is the usage of insecticides and plant-derived chemicals. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an ecosystem approach to crop production and protection that combines different management strategies and practices to grow healthy crops while minimizing the use of pesticides. Recently, there has been a growing interest in research concerning the possible use of plant extracts as alternatives to synthetic insecticide. In this study, the integration of D. lutescens (N1 and N5 instar) with plant extracts of Peganum harmala L. and Melia azedarach L. and two conventional insecticides (pirimicarb and abamectin) is surveyed to manage A. fabae (1-2 and 5-6 days old), and also study the impacts on the predatory bug. Among different treatments, integration of N5 instar of the predatory bug with P. harmala has the highest aphid (1-2 days old) mortality rate (%95.33±0.60), and integration of N5 instar as the natural enemy with pirimicarb has the highest effect to manage 5-6 days old aphids (%94.00±0.71). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
184 - A Review of Weed Interference Models
rahman khakzad Mostafa Oviesi Reza DeihimfardWeeds represent a continuous problem in agricultural production due to their dynamic and resilient nature. Mathematical models offer a significant tool for understanding and predicting the crop yield losses incurred due to weed-crop interference. Weed-crop competition m MoreWeeds represent a continuous problem in agricultural production due to their dynamic and resilient nature. Mathematical models offer a significant tool for understanding and predicting the crop yield losses incurred due to weed-crop interference. Weed-crop competition models help to inform weed management decisions, both on a short-term basis to tackle the present weed population and in the long term to plan sustainable weed management strategies. Most competition studies are based on empirical models. Empirical functions are the most commonly used models, which provide information for weed threshold values. The limitations of such models are that they are based on statistical functions and usually do not consider biological insights for crop-weed interference. Crop-weed competition is a complex phenomenon, and to understand this, a detailed mechanistic model offers better insights than an empirical model. Mechanistic or explanatory models take into account all underlying processes or mechanisms and their dependence on each other with respect to time and external drivers. Competition models can be integrated within the framework of a decision support system (DSS). In this review, we present empirical and mechanistic models that are currently in use for studying crop-weed interference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - In vivo biological activity of Piriformospora indica, Sebacina vermifera and Trichoderma spp. against Fusarium wilt of lentil
Hossein Kari Dolatabadi Ebrahim Mohammadi GoltapehLentil Fusarium wilts, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis (Vasd. and Srin.) Gordon is one of the most important factors of reducing lentil yield in the world. Effect of four soil borne fungi Piriformospora indica, Sebacina vermifera, Trichoderma harzianum and Tr MoreLentil Fusarium wilts, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis (Vasd. and Srin.) Gordon is one of the most important factors of reducing lentil yield in the world. Effect of four soil borne fungi Piriformospora indica, Sebacina vermifera, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride on Fusarium wilt oflentilwere evaluated in a completely randomized design under greenhouse condition. Pathogen was inoculated to soil pots three times (10 days before sowing, while sowing and 10 days after sowing). Seventeen treatments including two controls (plant without pathogen and plant with pathogen) and fifteen combinations of above antagonistic fungi were inoculated while sowing. Different growth factors namely: plant heights, root length, dry weight of shoot and root and disease severity were assessed in flowering stage. Results revealed that the most effect of combination of antagonistic fungi was observed in pots inoculated with treatment (S. vermifera + T. harzianum). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - The use of tazil is one of the methods of Rumi's rhetorical emphasis in the spiritual Masnavi
Farajullah Nakaii Sarv Hadi Heydariania Azizollah Tavakoli Kafi AbadTazil is one of the categories of semantics that is usually used in sentences and semi-sentences and is one of the types of adverbs. Atanab is one of the most important industries that makes speech eloquent, expressive and effective and makes it relevant to the audience MoreTazil is one of the categories of semantics that is usually used in sentences and semi-sentences and is one of the types of adverbs. Atanab is one of the most important industries that makes speech eloquent, expressive and effective and makes it relevant to the audience and appropriate to the situation. Most of the uses of tazil in Masnavi are related to the allegories that Rumi has used to confirm his contents, because his main purpose is to explain and explain a story that each of his series of anecdotes in Masnavi is an argument and confirmation for the same original subject. And in this way, many mystics and Masnavi scholars consider the whole of Masnavi as a single subject that is derived from a sequence of anecdotes. In this research, the author uses a descriptive-analytical method and library tools to study the subject of tazil in semantics based on the book of Masnavi Sharif and also to find out what is Rumi's art in using tazil and why Rumi uses it and its purposes and What were his intended meanings in the application? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - Aesthetics of four literary virtues in Diwan Shab al-Zarif
Esmaeil EslamiShab al-Zarif is one of the Syrian Arabic-language poets of the Mamluk period who was very skilled in the use of various genres and literary arrays. Among his beautiful and interesting arrays are four arrays: Hasan Tahir, Hassan Khatam, Hassan Tafam and Hassan Talil. In MoreShab al-Zarif is one of the Syrian Arabic-language poets of the Mamluk period who was very skilled in the use of various genres and literary arrays. Among his beautiful and interesting arrays are four arrays: Hasan Tahir, Hassan Khatam, Hassan Tafam and Hassan Talil. In the present research, these four literary virtues in Shab al-Zarif's Diwan are examined from the aspect of aesthetics. The author of the present essay has done it in a descriptive-analytical way and based on library studies and has come to the conclusion that Shab al-Zarif has used the four literary virtues: Hassan Tahir, Hassan Khatam, Hassan Tafam, and Hassan Talil in a very artistic way. These merits, Hasan Talil compared to other cases, due to being accompanied by expressive arrays such as similes and metaphors, are among the imaginative and imaginative forms of rhetoric. By taking advantage of these literary qualities, Shab al-Zarif has increased the grace and prosperity of his speech after establishing his speech and meeting the needs of the audience, and has finally attracted the attention of the audience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - An Aesthetic Analysis of Image in the collection of “The Sun’s collyrium” by Nader Naderpoor
arrin - taj varedi mahsa momen nasabNader Naderpoor (1308 – 1378) is considered as one of famous Semi – traditionalist of the present time for his romantic implientures of naturalist romanticism. This research tries to give a structural and aesthetic analysis of the images used in the poetic c MoreNader Naderpoor (1308 – 1378) is considered as one of famous Semi – traditionalist of the present time for his romantic implientures of naturalist romanticism. This research tries to give a structural and aesthetic analysis of the images used in the poetic collection of the Sun’s collyrium. To this end, the poetical elements like musical ones (external, lateral, internal and spritual) have been analyzed in his poems. The results of the research indicated that the skills of Naderpoor in lexical diction and arrangement have created a specific cohesion among the parts of speech and the structure of his poetical images. The most outstanding capacity of Naderpoor is realized in his image processing and his thoughts. The combination of the images and expressing the condensed images and their relationship, nature and human identity are the most important charactristics of his poems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - Comparing the Distribution of the Vegetative Cover in Two Different Ecosystems
Hossein Sadeghzadeh Yazdi Mohammad Hasan Rashed Mohasel Leila Alimoradi This research was carried out to investigate the population structure of the plant flora of weeds in two different microclimates. To perform this experiment, two pieces of lands located in Mashhad, with dimensions of 95 × 20 m were selected; one of them was More This research was carried out to investigate the population structure of the plant flora of weeds in two different microclimates. To perform this experiment, two pieces of lands located in Mashhad, with dimensions of 95 × 20 m were selected; one of them was an abandoned agricultural land and the other was an abandoned garden. Both areas were without maintenance for about 8 years but the garden was irrigated just for grazing sheeps and goats. Sample taking from intersections of regular grids of 5 × 5 m by 1 × 1 m quadrates was conducted. After fitting the theoretical models of empirical variogram with interpolation of points, the maps of the species were drawn. To study the vegetative cover in both regions the α and β diversity indicators, the relative frequency, species richness, uniformity, Shanon-Veiwer and Simpson indices, and also similarity indicators, Ashtyn house, Jaccard and Sorenson similarity coefficient was determined. Totally 35 species which were belonged to 12 plant families were found, 15 species of which were found in the abandoned agricultural land but Alhagi pseudalhaji and two species of Lactuca genus were common in both lands. In the survey conducted, 31 species were dicots and 4 species were monocots. Climate conditions causes that in each region ecotype of plant species vary in terms of the number and families, thus effects on the diversity and distribution in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Investigating the effect of managers' emotional and spiritual intelligence on the concurrence of stock prices and stock returns
Mehdi Haj Ebrahimi Hossein Shafii Abbas Sheybani Tezerji -
Open Access Article
191 - A comparison of the effects of sublethal Loses of Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb on life table parameters of Myzus persicae (Hem.: Aphididae)
S. Tajedin M. Razmjo M. H. Besharat NejadMyzus persicae (Sulzer) is one of the most important pests of pepper in greenhouses. In this research, the toxicity of Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb was studied on wingless adults of M. persicae. Also, effects of sublethal concentration(LC25) of the two insecticodes MoreMyzus persicae (Sulzer) is one of the most important pests of pepper in greenhouses. In this research, the toxicity of Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb was studied on wingless adults of M. persicae. Also, effects of sublethal concentration(LC25) of the two insecticodes on life table parameters of M. persicae was tested under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% R.H. and a photoperiod of 14: 10 (L: D) h.). The LC50 values of Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb were 51.75 and 54.08 ppm, respectively. Survival rate (lx) of M. persicae decreased more quickly to zero in the Acetamiprid treatment compared to control and pirimicarb treatment. Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb significantly reduced adult longevity in comparison with the control. The mean adult longevity of M. persicae was 9.64, 2.30 and 3.07 days in the control, acetamiprid and pirimicarb treatments, respectively. The highest and lowest net reproductive rate (R0) and gross reproductive rate (GRR) of M. persicae was observed in the control and acetamiprid, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of the green peach aphid was 0.547 day-1 in the controland decreased in Acetamiprid (0.114 day-1) and Pirimicarb (0.136 day-1) treatments. The results of this study showed that imidacloprid and Pirimicarb can be effective against M. persicae. and these insecticides cawldbe suggested for controllig M. persicae in greenhouses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Ground-motion simulation for the 2017 Mw7.3 Ezgeleh earthquake in Iran by using the Empirical Green's Function Method
Maryam Pourabdollahi Arezou Dorostian Habib Rahimi Attieh Eshaghi -
Open Access Article
193 - Prediction model of limestone rock mass quality, using seismic wave velocity (Case study: Sarvak formation in Bakhtiari dam site)
Mehdi Kianpour Seyed Mahmoud Fatemi Aghda مهدی تلخابلو -
Open Access Article
194 - The Effectiveness of Spirituality Training on Resilience, Self-esteem and Self-reliance in the Family Caretaker divorced women
Reza Soltani Jalal Vahhabie Shahnaz KhaleghipourThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of spirituality training on resilience, self-esteem and Self-reliance in the in the family caretaker divorced women who was covered by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee. 30 women were randomly selected among MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of spirituality training on resilience, self-esteem and Self-reliance in the in the family caretaker divorced women who was covered by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee. 30 women were randomly selected among the population via simple sampling method. They were assigned in two experimental and control groups 15 each. The research design was semi-experimental, Pre-test and post-test were conducted on the participants. The instruments used in the research study were Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (1965) and a Self-reliance Questionnaire adapted based on the value system proposed by Schwartz (2004. The experimental group was exposed to eight ninety-minute sessions of spirituality instruction. Control group received none. Data were analyzed by using multivariate covariance analysis. The results of data analysis showed that spirituality training program had influenced resilience, self-esteem and self-reliance of women who were family caretakers and this effect for each of the variables of the study was significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - The Effectiveness of Spiritual Skills Training on Female Student’s Aggression
Soroor Sadat Sayyah Marjan JamaliThis study was aimed to investigate the impact of the spiritual skills training on decreasing aggression among secondary school female students. The statistical population of the study included all secondary school female students in Tehran during the academic year of 2 MoreThis study was aimed to investigate the impact of the spiritual skills training on decreasing aggression among secondary school female students. The statistical population of the study included all secondary school female students in Tehran during the academic year of 2016-2017. Thirty female students with the highest scores in the aggression test were selected as the study sample from the schools in Districts 1 and 2 of Tehran, and assigned into two experimental and control groups (each group of 15 subjects). The research method was pretest-posttest with control group. The Buss and Perry (1992) Aggression Questionnaire was used in two stages of pre-test and post-test in order to collect data. The intervention group received spiritual training for 10 sessions of 2 hours twice a week, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by one-way covariance analysis (ANCOVA). The results showed that after applying the treatment, the aggression level was reduced in the experimental group and the decrease was statistically significant. According to the study results, it is recommended that this type of training should be considered as an appropriate intervention to reduce aggression and increase mental health of the students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - Effectiveness Of Spiritual Therapy On Hope And Self-Concept In Women With Multiple Sclerosis Disease
Marzieh Malekiha Arezoo YoosefinikThe purpose of this study was determining the effectiveness of spirituality therapy on hope and self-concept in women with Multiple Sclerosis disease in Isfahan city at 2018. The statistical population in this research were consisted of all women with Multiple Sclerosis MoreThe purpose of this study was determining the effectiveness of spirituality therapy on hope and self-concept in women with Multiple Sclerosis disease in Isfahan city at 2018. The statistical population in this research were consisted of all women with Multiple Sclerosis who referred to Al-Zahra hospital that . 30 subjects were selected with purposeful sampling method from the mentioned population and were randomly divided to an experimental and control group (15 individuals each group). The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test design and control group. The Adult Hope Scale (Snyder, 1991) and Beck Self- Concept Test (1985) were implemented for data gathering. The experimental group received spirituality therapy for eight sessions (each session 90 minutes) and control group were not exposed to any intervention. The data were analyzed with One Way Analysis of Covariance. The results showed that spirituality therapy was effective on hope and self-concept of the women with M.S. diseases (p<0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Testing the Model of Marital Life Quality Through the Perception of Equity and Daily Spiritual Experiences by Mediation of Self Differentiation in Married Female Teachers
Leyla Sayahi Malikeh SayahiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the model of marital life quality through equity perception, and daily spiritual experiences mediated by self-differentiation among married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The statistical population included m MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the model of marital life quality through equity perception, and daily spiritual experiences mediated by self-differentiation among married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The statistical population included married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The samples subsumed 200 participants whom were selected by multi-phase random sampling. The research was designed as correlational of structural equations type. To collect data Marital Quality Index (Nortoon, 1983), Measurement of Equity Perception (Perry, 2004), Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (Alipour et al., 2016) and Self-Determination Inventory (Skowron & Friedlander, 1998) were implemented. To analyze data structural equations analysis was applied. The results indicated that equity perception and daily spiritual experiences had direct significant impact on marital life quality. The findings also showed that equity perception and daily spiritual experiences had indirect significant impact on marital life quality through self-differentiation among married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The evaluated model had an optimal goodness of fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - Study of the spiritual components of the goddess "Anahita" and “Cybele”
Reza Bayramzadeh Laleh Jahanbakhsh Sasan NajafiThe present paper studied the cultural functions of two important goddess of the ancient cultures of Iran and Anatolia, namely Anahita and Cybele, and reflected the components on artworks. The present research statistical population was the important goddesses of Iran a MoreThe present paper studied the cultural functions of two important goddess of the ancient cultures of Iran and Anatolia, namely Anahita and Cybele, and reflected the components on artworks. The present research statistical population was the important goddesses of Iran and the Minor Asia. The Sample of ancient Iran was Anahita and the goddess of the Minor Asia was Cybele. The method was descriptive and data was collected by the library and valid articles. By spiritual components classification of each goddess and how they were manifested in the artworks of ancient Persia and Asia Minor the following results were obtained: Goddess Anahita in addition to had a high rank among the gods of her time, was the goddess of fertility and fecundity, the water goddess, the goddess of love and goddess of war. Cybele was the goddess of fertility, mountain goddess, the goddess of wild animals and guardian goddess. Anahita personality was purifier. But the dominant element concerning Cybele could only be her limitless authority. All the symbols manifested her power. "Authority" was the central axis of Cybele; the goddess of the mountain, goddess of wild animals and cities gurdian. About the embodiment, Anahita was influenced by Cybele. Common point in how art reflected the components was “visual symbolism”. For example, in the Taq-e Bostan cameo and statues of Cybele in Ankara museum, to show the components of the fertility two symbols; water and pomegranate, were used. Difference points often arised from spiritual differences. In other words, in the case of Anahita, it was an attempt to reflect beauty and purity; in the case of Cybele, her authority was more important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Testing the Causal Model of Empathy with the Patient Based on the Culture of Ethical Behavior and Daily Spiritual Experiences with the Mediation of Patience in Female Nurses
Mohsen Ghasemi SafarabadThe aim of the current research was to exmine the causal model of empathy with the patient based on the culture of ethic behavior and daily spiritual experiences with the mediation of patience in female nurses of Sanandaj city. In this study, the population included all MoreThe aim of the current research was to exmine the causal model of empathy with the patient based on the culture of ethic behavior and daily spiritual experiences with the mediation of patience in female nurses of Sanandaj city. In this study, the population included all the female nurses of Sanandaj who were working in public hospitals in 2021. The sample embraced 200 female nurses from the mentioned group whom were selected by convinence sampling method. The current research was a correlational study and path analysis type. To collect data, the Jefferson Patient Empathy Scale (1995), Trevino and Butterfield's Ethical Behavior Culture Questionnaire (1998), Mohammad Alipour et al.'s Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (2016) and Khormai et al. (2015) Patience Scale were implemented. The data were analyzed through applying path analysis, by using SPSS vesion 22 and Amos 23. The results of the analysis showed that the proposed moded had an optimum goodness of fit and there was a significant direct path between daily spiritual experiences, the culture of ethical behavior and empathy with the patient in female nurses (p<0.05). Also, daily spiritual experiences and the culture of ethical behavior through patience had an indirect significant relationship with the sense of empathy with the patient in nurses (p<0.05). It could be concluded that the the female nurses based on the culture of ethic behavior and daily spiritual experiences with the mediation of patience should accomplosish empthy with patiants and play significant role to promote patients cure. Manuscript profile -
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200 - The Effects Of Life Skills Training On The High Schools Girl Students' Spiritual Intelligence
M. S. Asadi اصغر Aghaeie S. H. AtashpourThis study was an attempt to investigate the life skills training effect on high schools girl students' spiritual intelligence in Shahreza(1389-90 academic year). The current experimental study was a pre/post test design with control group. Initially, all high schools g MoreThis study was an attempt to investigate the life skills training effect on high schools girl students' spiritual intelligence in Shahreza(1389-90 academic year). The current experimental study was a pre/post test design with control group. Initially, all high schools girl students in Shahreza (2479) were considered as the population of the study. Then by using random cluster sampling 60 students were selected to serve as the final participants of the study. Students were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups, 30 each. The treatment in the experimental group was life skills training for nine sessions 90 minutes each. In contrast, students in the control group were deprived of such training. The data was collected through the use of a Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (Sayad Talaei). Analysis of covariance showed that there was statistically significant difference between experimental and control groups. Manuscript profile -
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201 - The Relations between Spiritual Intelligence, Social Intelligence and Death Anxiety in Ahwaz WomanSeniles
Farah Naderi Kh. RoushaniThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence, social intelligence and death anxiety among woman seniles in Ahwaz .The sample included 100 subjects who were selected based on multiphase sampling. For the measurement of t MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence, social intelligence and death anxiety among woman seniles in Ahwaz .The sample included 100 subjects who were selected based on multiphase sampling. For the measurement of the variables, Integrated Spiritual Intelligence Scale (ISIS), Tromso Social Intelligence Scale (TSIS), Collet Lester Fear Of Death Scale (Cl-FODS) were used. Statistical methods included Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. Results indicated that there was a significant correlation between spiritual intelligence and death anxiety, but there was no significant correlation between social intelligence and death anxiety .The results of regression analysis also showed that the spiritual intelligence was the only predicting variable for death anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Women From the Fakhreddin Iraqi Perspective
Layla ShokuhfarIslamic mysticism had well treated women for centuries. While it was needed there were no differentiation between men and women in ritual practices such cases like "self reconstruction" and "truth seeking journey". In some cases women are considered more valuable and mo MoreIslamic mysticism had well treated women for centuries. While it was needed there were no differentiation between men and women in ritual practices such cases like "self reconstruction" and "truth seeking journey". In some cases women are considered more valuable and more transcendent. And even more rights were taken into concern for women based on"spirituality and love". Women can be one of the top mediators in the aspirations of men to their bliss and esteem of God. In Islamic mysticism there was independent stream named "flow of love" or "aesthetic mysticism ". One of the most eminent figure of the mentioned doctrine was "Fakhreddin Iraqi", the love poet and mystic in seventh AH century. He believed that the identity and authenticity and character of emotional, physical, spiritual and intellectual of "woman", made her as a source of love and affection and introduced the woman as one of the most beautiful manifestation of the divine beauty of creation. Manuscript profile -
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203 - The Role of Spiritual Intelligence and Resilience in Prediction of Body Image Concern and Selfeffcacy in Physical Education Female Students
Fatemeh Sadat MarashianThe aim of this research was to predict body image concern and self-effcacy based on of spiritual intelligence and resilience in physical education students of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. The sample included 100 individuals amongst the femalel students o MoreThe aim of this research was to predict body image concern and self-effcacy based on of spiritual intelligence and resilience in physical education students of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. The sample included 100 individuals amongst the femalel students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University that were selected via simple random sampling. The instruments for gathering data were: Emram & Drayer Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, Conner & Davidson Resiliency Scale, Body image Concen Inventory and Sherer & Adamse General Self-Effcacy Questionnaire. The research was a canonical correlation and data analysis by canonical correlation procedure revealed: there were signifcant relations between spiritual intelligence and resilience with body image concerning and self-effcacy. The results also indicated that: the strongest correlation existed between spiritual intelligence from the frst set of variables (independent) and self-effcacy from second set of variables (dependent). Manuscript profile -
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204 - The Relationship Between Spiritual Intelligence, Emotional Regulation And Assertiveness With Life Satisfaction Of Female Students
Parviz Askari Zahra Dasht Bozorgi Mehrana Askari The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence, emotional regulation and assertiveness with life satisfaction of female students. The research design was a correlation type. The sample includes 231 students that were sel More The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence, emotional regulation and assertiveness with life satisfaction of female students. The research design was a correlation type. The sample includes 231 students that were selected randomly via multi-stage sampling procedure. The research instruments included the Spiritual Intelligence Scale (ISIS), Garnefsci Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (2001), Cemberil and Richi Assertive Scale (1975) and Life Satisfaction Scale (SWLS). For analyzing the data Pearson simple correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis method were used. The result showed that there was significant positive relationship between spiritual intelligence, emotion al regulation and assertiveness with life satisfaction of students. The regression result also showed that there were multiple relationships between spiritual intelligence, emotional regulation and assertiveness with life satisfaction of female students. Spiritual intelligence was the best female students' life satisfaction predictor. Manuscript profile -
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205 - Woman and Hazrat Zahra (SA) Position from Sanaee Ghaznavi Viewpoint
A. A. AfrasyabpourSome consider "Sanaee” as women antagonistic, while such a great mystic, based on mystical (Sufism) principles believed in no difference between man and woman regarding the spirituals ranks. In Islamic mysticism women always were the resource of love who could rea MoreSome consider "Sanaee” as women antagonistic, while such a great mystic, based on mystical (Sufism) principles believed in no difference between man and woman regarding the spirituals ranks. In Islamic mysticism women always were the resource of love who could reach the highest level of mystical ranks. In Sanaee works two types of recitations about women could be observed; one with the positive viewpoint which attributed senior conduct and wisdom to them, the other with negative viewpoint that woman gender has not been regarded. Since at "Sanaee” era women were considered as life luxuries, so he either took some negative positions toward polygyny women or might benefited prevalent allegories to communicate with the public. By studying his approach toward Hazrat Zahra (SA) and Shiite we could attaine the woman superior rank in his opinion Manuscript profile -
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206 - Physiological and Agronomical Responses of Triticale to the Growth Bacteria, Nano Iron Fertilizer and Ordinary Iron Fertilizer Treatment
Zohreh Sepehrzadegan Omid Alizadeh Mahdi Zare -
Open Access Article
207 - Assessment Role of Integrated Management of Fertilizer and Biofertilizer to Improve Corn Production and Achieve Sustainable Agriculture
Seyed Ataollah Siadat -
Open Access Article
208 - Comparison of religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and parenting anxiety in mothers with and without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Soheila Sheikh Bahai Amir GhamaraniIntroduction: The aim of this study was to compare religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and parenting anxiety in mothers with and without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods: The research design was causal-comparative, and the statistical po MoreIntroduction: The aim of this study was to compare religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and parenting anxiety in mothers with and without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods: The research design was causal-comparative, and the statistical population included all mothers with and without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder whose children were in the age group of 7 to 16 years in Isfahan city in 2020. A sample of 100 people (50 mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 50 mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder) was selected through a targeted and accessible sampling method. Data collection tools included the Maudsley's obsessive-compulsive disorder questionnaire (1977) (for sample group selection), Allport's religious-spiritual orientation (1968), Jonason & Webster's dark personality (Dark Triad) questionnaire (2010), and Abidin's parenting stress questionnaire (1990). Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 and an independent t-test. Results: The results of this study indicate that in the variables of religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and their components, mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder have significantly higher scores than mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. In another result, it can be stated that in parenting anxiety and its components, mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder scored significantly higher than mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Conclusion: The results of this study are effective in explaining the psychological mechanisms of parents with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and can help therapists and researchers. IntroductionFamily is one of the most important building blocks of society, which is known as the creator and foundation of a child's personality and future behavior. Family, as a foundation of human communities, plays a very vital role in the formation of identity and the personal and social development of people. This group of people who are connected with each other through emotional connections and mutual relationships, generally has strong effects on the growth and development of humans and also creates a suitable environment for the promotion of spiritual and cultural values. The family as a social unit plays a very important role in the formation of identity and the personal and social development of people. This vital role of the family is significant in several aspects, including the formation of family identity, social development, spiritual and cultural values, and educational support. The family is the child's first communication environment that helps the child's identity grow and develop. Emotional connections and close relationships in the family provide a space where a person can get to know himself and express his feelings and values. Also, the family, as the child's first small community, teaches him basic social skills and values. In the family, a person gets to know the rules, social expectations and different roles, and this makes him able to communicate with others and cooperate in society, and at the same time, it is an environment that transmits spiritual and cultural values and beliefs. The actions and performance of the family and the integrity of dealing with challenges and everyday issues can be a model for a person and strengthen values such as respect, ethics and justice in him. As the main environment for education, the family is the basis for learning and developing new skills. In the family, a person acquires language, social and emotional skills through communication with other family members and improves by using them in other environments. In general, the family, as a supportive and strengthening environment of communication and values, plays a very important role in the formation of identity and the personal and social development of people. Children's mental health is very important in any society. Children with behavioral and mental disorders not only have problems with themselves but also with society and their families, especially their main caregiver (mother). The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and parenting anxiety in mothers with and without children suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder.MethodologyThe research design was causal-comparative, and the statistical population included mothers with and without children suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder whose children were in the age group of 7 to 16 years in Isfahan city in 2020. A sample of 100 people (50 mothers with children suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder and 50 mothers of children without obsessive-compulsive disorder) was selected by a targeted and accessible sampling method. Data collection tools included Maudsley's obsession questionnaires (1977) (for selecting the sample group), Allport's religious-spiritual orientation (1968), Jonason and Webster's dark personality questionnaire (2010), and Abidin's parenting stress questionnaire (1990). Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 and an independent t-test.Results and DiscussionThe results of this research indicated that in the variables of religious-spiritual well-being and dark personality and their components, mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder scored significantly higher than mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. In another result, it can be stated that in parenting anxiety and its components, mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder scored significantly higher than mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder.ConclusionThe results of this research are effective in explaining the psychological mechanisms of parents with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and can help therapists and researchers.LimitationsThis research had some limitations. Considering that the data collection tools in this research were limited to interviews and questionnaires and other methods were not used, therefore, they have problems such as the inaccuracy of respondents and conservatism in providing answers. In this research, the total score of obsession is considered and the types of obsession are not separated. Also, the sample size used in this research is limited, it is suggested to use more samples in future researches.SuggestionsAccording to the results of this research, it is suggested that the research be conducted from a spatial point of view at a wider level and scope and the results be compared. Choosing a sample from a larger statistical population in future researches can help generalize the findings. It is suggested to control the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder and the socio-economic base of the family in future studies. Based on the findings of this research, it is possible to suggest teaching the components of spiritual understanding as a method to improve the mental health of mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. It is suggested to correct the perceptions and reactions of mothers with positive parenting training and counseling to change their attitudes, beliefs and thoughts towards their child with obsessive-compulsive disorder, and as a result, create a more favorable relationship between mother and child, and with parent training programs, by providing appropriate information about the child and how to treat him, it is possible to improve the parents' adaptation mechanisms and finally reduce the anxiety of mothers' parenting. Also, involving fathers in the parenting process can help reduce mothers' anxiety, especially mothers who have children with obsessive-compulsive disorder.FundingThe current research was taken from the Master's thesis of the first author "Soheila Sheikh Bahai" and without financial support.Ethics Approval and Consent to ParticipateThe cooperation of the participants was voluntary and their consent was declared. In addition, they were informed about the confidentiality and opt-out aspects of the research at each stage. This article is extracted from the Master's thesis of Soheila Sheikh Bahai under the guidance of Dr. Amir Ghamarani.Conflict of interestsAccording to the authors, this article has no conflict of interest.AcknowledgementWe hereby thank and appreciate the supervisor and parents who participated in this research.RefferencesAbbasi, F., Abedi, M. R., patience, F., Azhar, M. M., & Rahimi, M. (2012). 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Open Access Article
209 - The role of resilience, emotion regulation and spiritual health in predicting suicidal ideation of women victims of violence in the corona
Behnoosh Haji Heydari Ilnaz SajjadianIntroduction: This study aimed to investigate the role of resilience, emotion regulation and spiritual health in predicting suicidal ideation of women victims of violence during the coronavirus period. Method: The descriptive research method was correlation type. The st MoreIntroduction: This study aimed to investigate the role of resilience, emotion regulation and spiritual health in predicting suicidal ideation of women victims of violence during the coronavirus period. Method: The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population included women victims of violence who had referred to the psychological clinics of Isfahan city in 2021-2022 and among them 180 people were selected by the available sampling method, and they answered the questionnaires on resilience (Kunor and Davidson, 2003), emotion regulation (Garnevsky, Craig and Spinhaven, 2001), spiritual health (Palotzin and Ellison, 1982) and predict suicidal ideation (Aaron Beck, 1961). The research data were analyzed using the method of correlation analysis, multivariate regression analysis and through the SPSS-23 software. Findings: The results showed that suicidal ideation could be predicted by resilience, spiritual health and emotion regulation (p<0.05). Resilience has the greatest ability to predict the suicidal ideation of women victims of violence and it predicts nearly 32% of the suicidal suicidal ideation of women victims of violence, and the variables of resilience and spiritual health are simultaneously 39.5% of the variable of suicidal ideation of women victims of violence. predict Conclusion: According to the results obtained, it is important to pay attention to resilience, and spiritual health in educational packages to reduce suicidal ideation in victims of domestic violence.Extended Abstract IntroductionThe coronavirus first appeared in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and in less than 3 months, the local epidemic turned into a global pandemic, forcing governments around the world to announce social distancing requirements and eventually quarantines. (Chan et al., 2020; Hill et al., 2021; Holshue et al., 2020; Mikaeili & Samadifard, 2019). which resulted in social, psychological and economic consequences, including an increase in cases of domestic violence (Campbell, 2020; Sánchez et al., 2020; Viero et al., 2021). addition, research shows that participants in quarantine experienced increased rates of suicidal thoughts (Hill et al., 2021). Suicidal thoughts is a broad term used to describe a range of thoughts, desires, and preoccupations. Thought is used with death and suicide (Harmer et al., 2022).Resilience against suicide is one of the topics of interest to researchers in the field of suicide. It prevents suicide in situations where suicide risk factors surround people. Some studies show that low levels of resilience are associated with suicidal thoughts (Chen & Kuo, 2020; McLaren & Challis, 2009) Another psychological construct that is effective in reducing suicidal thoughts is the cognitive regulation of emotion (Bedayat & Askary, 2020; Sepehreinjad & Hatamian, 2018). High emotional regulation skills can be effective in modulating and correcting emotional reactions and affect the cognitive processes involved (Ramezanzadeh et al., 2014).Research results show that one of the factors influencing the reduction of suicidal thoughts is spiritual health (Mehrabian et al., 2023; Mikaeili & Samadifard, 2019; Rahimi & Asadolahi, 2017). People who have spiritual health are capable, strong people. , have greater control and social support and have the ability to adapt to spiritual tensions and necessary interventions to adapt and deal with problems and crises (Cilliers & Terblanche, 2014; Mohammadi et al., 2018).The phenomenon of wife abuse is not accepted in any of the religions and societies. Therefore, treatment or prevention measures of domestic violence seem necessary. Considering the position of the family in societies, when talking about the institution of the family, intimacy, love, and peace immediately come to mind. The existence of peace in the family institution depends on having warm relations between the family members, especially the parents. Domestic violence against women is a hidden, chronic and widespread phenomenon in all human societies and has many negative effects. Therefore, by conducting such research, it is hoped to identify predictor variables of domestic violence and prevent its consequences. Also, by conducting the present study, which deals with explaining the influential personality factors (resilience, emotion regulation, and spiritual health) in the occurrence of suicidal ideation among women who are victims of violence against women, it is possible to quantitatively predict the probability of committing other crimes such as suicide based on these three variables. . Considering the novelty of this research, its results can strengthen researchers' attention to women victims of violence during the coronavirus epidemic. According to the existing concerns about the psychological consequences of the coronavirus and its increasing rate for women, the researcher in this research is looking for an answer to the question of whether resilience, emotional regulation and spiritual health can reduce the suicidal ideation of women who are victims of violence in the period predict coronavirus?MethodologyAccording to the nature of the subject, the present research was descriptive of the correlational type from the point of view of the applied goal and its method. The statistical population included women who were victims of violence who had been referred to the psychological clinics of Isfahan in 2021-2022 to receive counseling. and they answered the questionnaires on resilience (Kunor and Davidson, 2003), emotion regulation (Garnevsky, Craig and Spinhaven, 2001), spiritual health (Palotzin and Ellison, 1982) and predict suicidal ideation (Aaron Beck, 1961). The research data were analyzed using the method of correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and the statistical software package for social sciences )SPSS-23 software(. ResultsThe present study revealed that most of the sample's education includes 63 people (35 percent) with a bachelor's degree. Most of the sample includes 84 people (46.7 percent) who are housewives. Also, most of the people in the sample, including 82 people (45.6 percent), have one child. It was also found that the average age of the sample is 37.07 years and the average duration of their marriage is 6.79 years. In the following, we will examine the average of the research variables.Table 1. Descriptive indices of research variablesBased on the results obtained in Table 1; The mean of resilience, cognitive emotion regulation and spiritual health as predictor variables are 42.02, 63.19, and 102.82, respectively. The average variable of the research criteria including suicidal ideation is equal to 25.44. The results have also shown that the relationship between resilience, its dimensions, as well as cognitive regulation of emotion and its dimensions, and spiritual health and dimensions of this variable with suicidal thoughts in women victims of violence is significant (p<0.01).Table 2. Multiple correlation coefficient and F to predict suicidal ideation through cognitive regulation of emotion, resilience and spiritual health The results of the step-by-step regression analysis in Table 2 show that, in the presence of all predictor variables, and among these variables, resilience has the highest ability to predict suicidal ideation of women who are victims of violence. The findings of the above table indicate that resilience predicts 0.321 or nearly 32% of the suicidal ideation of female victims of violence, which according to the observed F (84.13), this amount is at the 0.001 level. It is meaningful. In the second step, with the addition of the spiritual health variable, the prediction rate of suicidal ideation of women victims of violence by two variables reaches 0.395. That is, two variables simultaneously predict 39.5% of the variable of suicidal ideation of women victims of violence, and the net contribution of the variable of spiritual health is equal to 7.4%, which according to the observed F (21.71), this amount It is significant at the 0.001 level. Table 3. The results of regression coefficients between predictor variables and suicidal ideation variableBased on the results obtained in table 3, among the predictor variables of the research, resilience variable (with t-statistic equal to 4.69) and spiritual health (with t-statistic equal to -4.61) can predict changes related to suicidal ideation of women victims of violence. nose According to the obtained standard beta coefficients, it can be said that by adding one unit to resilience and spiritual health, the standard deviation of suicidal ideation of women victims of violence is reduced by 0.35 and 0.32, respectively. Also, with the addition of one unit to the trust in individual and spiritual influences, 0.735 and 0.206 standard deviations of suicidal thoughts of women victims of violence are reduced, respectively. The results showed that for an increase of one unit in self-blame, 0.312 standard deviations were added to the suicidal thoughts of these women, and for an increase of one unit in the dimension of positive refocusing, 0.279 standard deviations of suicidal thoughts decreased in these women. Based on the results obtained, by adding one unit to religious health in women victims of violence, 0.557 standard deviations of suicidal thoughts is reduced.DiscussionThe results obtained from this research showed that resilience has the greatest ability to predict suicidal ideation of women who are victims of violence. In other words, resilience predicted 32% of suicidal ideation among female victims of violence. Also, resilience and spiritual health variables simultaneously predict 39.5% of the variable of suicidal tho ideation ughts of female victims of violence. . It was also found that emotional regulation has an effect in predicting suicidal thoughts, but the variable of cognitive regulation of emotion and its dimensions in step-by-step regression and in the presence of other predictive variables was not able to predict suicidal thoughts in female victims of violence. And it was consistent with the results of Zarei (1400), Kumar et al. (2021), Liu et al. (2021) and Rahimi and Asdalahi (2015). In explaining these results, it can be said that suicidal thoug ideation hts are a big medical and social problem. Also, during the spread of previous infectious diseases, the prevalence of suicide has increased. In particular, suicide rates were found to increase during plague outbreaks, during the Spanish flu of 1918-1919 in the United States, during the SARS outbreak in China among the elderly, women, and lower socioeconomic classes, as well as during The course is extended. Ebola infection in Africa (43-46). Mental, behavioral, financial and psychosocial issues related to the spread of COVID-19 may contribute to the increase of suicidal behaviors (39,40). Decades of research have focused largely on risk factors for suicidal behavior while ignoring protective factors such as resilience that may help address this important public health issue. Resilience is the capacity and dynamic process of adaptively overcoming stress and adversity while maintaining normal psychological and physical functioning ConclusionAs the studies showed, Zarei (1400), Sepharinejad and Hatmian (2017), Rahimi and Asdalahi (2015), Kumar et al. (2021), resilience is a protective factor against the risk of suicide. Women who have resilience have a higher concentration and attention to themselves and others, they show better cooperation with each other, they are interested in maintaining long-term relationships and are able to expand their skills (including conflict resolution) and women with high resilience are able to They have good control of their emotions and can make better decisions when conflicts arise. Limitations and SuggestionsThis research, like other research, faced challenges and limitations, one of the limitations of the research is that the statistical population is limited to the women of Isfahan city, so caution should be taken in generalizing the results to other communities. On the other hand, the sampling method in this research is non-random and available and among the women who went to the centers for counseling, which can affect the generalizability of the results. In addition, due to conducting the research in the conditions of coronavirus, caution should be taken from generalizing the results to the post-Corona era, and it is suggested to conduct similar research in other cities and in the post-Corona era. According to the results of this research, it is suggested to reduce suicidal ideation in women victims of domestic violence; Individual and group training programs should be held to strengthen resilience and coping skills and spiritual issues. AcknowledgementsWe hereby acknowledge and thank all the people who participated in the research and all those who cooperated in the implementation of this research. FundingThis study is derived from the master's thesis of the first author of the article and has no financial support. Ethics approval and consent to participateTo comply with the ethical principles, the necessary explanations about the objectives of the research were given to the participants and they were assured that their information will remain confidential with the researcher and the participants participated in the research with consent and knowledge. Conflict of interestsAccording to the authors of this article, there is no conflict of interest. References Bedayat, E., & Askary, M. (2020). The Effectiveness of Behavioral Activation Group Therapy on Emotional Regulation and Suicidal Ideation Strategies in Female Students With Major Depressive Disorder [Research]. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ), 9(1), 47-56. [Persian] http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-1631-en.htmlCampbell, A. M. (2020). An increasing risk of family violence during the Covid-19 pandemic: Strengthening community collaborations to save lives. 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Prediction of suicidal thoughts based on cognitive emotion regulation strategies, perceived social support, self-efficacy, perfectionism, and spiritual health in students at Ilam universities [Research]. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 31(3), 20-35. [Persian] [Persian]http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-7702-fa.htmlMikaeili, N., & Samadifard, H. R. (2019). The Prediction of Suicidal Thoughts Based on Happiness, Self-esteem and Spiritual Health among Female Teenagers. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va Salāmat (i.e., Research on Religion & Health), 5(3), 59-71. [Persian] https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i3.20897Mohammadi, S., Soleymanpoor, L., Borhani, F., & Roshanzadeh, M. (2018). Spiritual Intelligence and Spiritual Wellbeing in the Students of a Nursing College [Research]. Iran Journal of Nursing, 31(113), 1-9. [Persian]https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.31.113.1Rahimi, N., & Asadolahi, Z. (2017). Relationship between Spiritual well-being and the Outbreak of Suicidal Thoughts among Nursing and Midwifery Students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 2015. Community Health Journal, 10(3), 28-35. [Persian] https://chj.rums.ac.ir/article_45793_6b2bf94921dde4c303997dacbfdd0b80.pdfRamezanzadeh, F., Moradi, A., & Mohammadkhani, S. (2014). Effectiveness training emotion regulation skills in executive function and emotion regulation strategies of adolescents at risk [Research]. Journal title, 2(2), 37-45. [Persian] http://jcp.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2232-en.htmlSánchez, O. R., Vale, D. B., Rodrigues, L., & Surita, F. G. (2020). Violence against women during the COVID-19 pandemic: An integrative review. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 151(2), 180-187. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13365Sepehreinjad, M., & Hatamian, P. (2018). Forecast of Suicidal thoughts based on Emotional Dysregulation and Experimental Avoidancein Nurses [Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing]. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research, 13(4), 39-44. http://ijnr.ir/article-1-2042-en.htmlViero, A., Barbara, G., Montisci, M., Kustermann, K., & Cattaneo, C. (2021). Violence against women in the Covid-19 pandemic: A review of the literature and a call for shared strategies to tackle health and social emergencies. Forensic Science International, 319, 110650. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110650 Manuscript profile -
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Open Access Article
220 - Investigating the spiritual intelligence of student teachers in order to achieve transcendent education
Pari Fahandezh saadi Abbas AnarinejadThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the level of spiritual intelligence of student teachers of Farhangian University of Shiraz to achieve transcendent education. This research is considered as a quantitative research in terms of nature and applied research MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the level of spiritual intelligence of student teachers of Farhangian University of Shiraz to achieve transcendent education. This research is considered as a quantitative research in terms of nature and applied research in terms of purpose. The research method was field survey and the statistical population of the study included students of Shiraz Farhangian University in the academic year of 2019-2020, amongst which 310 people were selected using Cochran's formula by stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using the King Spiritual Intelligence Scale. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and the questionnaire had a reliability of 0.87 which was done through Cronbach's alpha. The research data were analyzed using SPSS21 software with one-sample t-test and independent t-test. Students are in a relatively high position in terms of spiritual intelligence and its components (except for the expansion of the state of consciousness), but they are far from the desired level of adequacy. Meanwhile, there is a significant difference between the spiritual intelligence of male and female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence with the Quality of Work Life of Physical Education Teachers
omid safari nima shahidi Introduction:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence with the quality of work life of physical education teachers in Mamasani city. research methodology:This research More Introduction:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence with the quality of work life of physical education teachers in Mamasani city. research methodology:This research was applied in terms of purpose, as well as descriptive correlation in terms of nature and method. The statistical population in this study was all 140 physical education teachers in Mamasani city, and 135 people were tested by total sampling method. In this study, standard questionnaires of spiritual intelligence of Ali Badie et al. (2010), emotional intelligence of Bradbury and Graves (2005) and quality of work life of Richard Walton (2012) were used. Pearson correlation test, regression analysis and SPSS software were used to answer the research questions. Findings:The results of Pearson correlation test showed that emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence had a significant relationship with the quality of teachers' work life and also the results of regression analysis test showed that the dimensions of emotional intelligence (self-awareness and social awareness) and dimensions of spiritual intelligence (general thinking and belief dimension, ability of dealing with and interacting with problems and self-awareness, love and interest) have the power to predict the quality of work life of teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - The relationship of social skills, hope and spiritual intelligence with spiritual well-being of nurses
sahar Aminalsharieh Narges Khatoon Zabihi Hesari Tayyebeh Hoseini Fakhteh Adib Sara Haghighat Masoomeh AbdollahiThis research aimed to investigate the relationship of social skills, hope and spiritual intelligence with spiritual well-being of nurses. In a correlation study from nurses of governmental hospital in Urmia city at 2017 year, 280 nurses were selected through stratified MoreThis research aimed to investigate the relationship of social skills, hope and spiritual intelligence with spiritual well-being of nurses. In a correlation study from nurses of governmental hospital in Urmia city at 2017 year, 280 nurses were selected through stratified sampling method. All of them completed the questionnaires of social skills (Gresham & Elliott, 1990), hope (Snyder & et al, 1991) spiritual intelligence (Abdollahzadeh & et al, 2009) and spiritual well-being (Paloutzian & Ellison, 1982). Data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with enter model methods. The findings showed there is a positive and significant relationship between cooperation, assertiveness, self-control, hope and spiritual intelligence with spiritual well-being of nurses. Also the variables of social skills, hope and spiritual intelligence significantly could predict 46/3 percent of variance of spiritual well-being of nurses (P<0/05). Regarded to results to improve the spiritual well-being of nurses should be increase the rate of cooperation, self-control, hope and spiritual intelligence of them. Also officials, planners and counselors, must consider the symptoms of mentioned variables and design and implementation appropriate programs to improve the ritual well-being of nurses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
223 - Modeling the relationship between the age of entering the school on academic achievement with mediating of spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity
paria jangi Afroz GholamAli hasan asadzadeh ali delavarThis research aims to study the modeling of academic achievement based on the age of entry into the school with mediating of spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity were done in students and it the type of correlation research based on structural equation m MoreThis research aims to study the modeling of academic achievement based on the age of entry into the school with mediating of spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity were done in students and it the type of correlation research based on structural equation modeling technique , in particular regression equations (combining Route Analysis and second Level Factor Analysis ). In this study, for determining the sample size according to the number of variables observed and assigning a coefficient of 15 for each variables, and taking into account the probability of having incomplete questionnaires,250 were selected as sample size. The statistical population of this study was 1472 students of all 10th grade elementary school students of Urmia high school in the academic year of 2017-2018.Data collection tools were used, King’s Spiritual Intelligence Scale, Inderbitzen&Fooster Social Skills Scale, and Torrance Creativity Scale. The findings showed that the research model was confirmed and, in general, 26% of academic achievement can be explained by the age of entry into the school, the spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity. Also, entering the school with the mediation of spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity showed an indirect effect on academic achievement. The results of this study emphasized the necessity of the role of the age of entry into the school, as well as the role of moderating variable of spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity by students, which could provide applied ideas to improve the psychological state to counselors and learners. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
224 - The effectiveness of training of spirituality based on Islamic Teachings on improving resiliency in married students
محمد خالدیانThe current study was aimed to explore the effectiveness of training of spirituality based on Islamic Teachings on improving resiliency in married students. The research universe consisted of married students at Ghorveh PNU who was studying in the academic year 2015-201 MoreThe current study was aimed to explore the effectiveness of training of spirituality based on Islamic Teachings on improving resiliency in married students. The research universe consisted of married students at Ghorveh PNU who was studying in the academic year 2015-2016. In this research, the number of 28 married students was selected through convenience sampling method. The experimental group sample was comprised of 14 students who had taken part in spirituality sessions as volunteers. The control group sample was also comprised of 14 students who did not take part in the said sessions (the number was selected through convenience sampling). The research methodology was one of semi-experimental with two experimental and control groups. The experimental group was placed under 9 two-hour sessions of spirituality, while the control group received no such intervention. To collect data, Connor and Davidson's Resiliency Questionnaire (CD-RISC) was used and to statistically analyze data, Covariance analysis was applied. Findings suggested that Islamic Teachings based spirituality training is effective in improving married students' resiliency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
225 - The role of social support, spiritual health and health literacy in predicting the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents
Hasan Broki Milan Ali Shaker Dolagh Ali KhademiThis study aimed to determine the role of social support, spiritual health and health literacy in predicting the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents. The present research was cross-sectional from correlation type. The study population was high school students in MoreThis study aimed to determine the role of social support, spiritual health and health literacy in predicting the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents. The present research was cross-sectional from correlation type. The study population was high school students in West Azerbaijan province in the academic years of 2019-2020. The research sample was 560 people who were selected by randomly multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected with using questionnaires of social support (Vaux & et al, 1986), spiritual health (Palutzian & Ellison, 1982), health literacy (Ghanbari & et al, 2016) and tendency to risky behaviors (ZadehMohammadi & et al, 2011) and were analyzed with correlation and multiple regression methods in SPSS-25 software. The results of the analyzes showed that all three variables of social support, spiritual health and health literacy had a significant negative relationship with the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents. In addition, three variables of social support, spiritual health and health literacy had a significant role in predicting the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents (p < 0.05). According to the results of the present study, it is necessary to reduce the tendency of risky behaviors by professionals and therapists by increasing social support, spiritual health and health literacy in adolescents. Therefore, counselors and psychologists to reduce risky behaviors in adolescents can increase social support, spiritual health and health literacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - Modeling of Resilience based on Personality Traits and Social Intelligence with Mediated by Spiritual Intelligence in Cardiac Patients
Seyyedeh Azam Hosseini Lordegani Maryam ChoramiThe resilience has an important role in health and quality of life and from the effective factors can be noted to personality traits, social intelligence and spiritual intelligence. As a result, present research was conducted aim to investigate the modeling of resilienc MoreThe resilience has an important role in health and quality of life and from the effective factors can be noted to personality traits, social intelligence and spiritual intelligence. As a result, present research was conducted aim to investigate the modeling of resilience based on personality traits and social intelligence with mediated by spiritual intelligence in cardiac patients. The research design was cross-sectional from type of correlational. The study population was cardiac patients referred to medical clinics of Isfahan city in 2020 year, which based on Krejcie and Morgan table number of 384 people were selected by simple random sampling method. The research tools were the resilience scale (Connor and Davidson, 2003), personality traits questionnaire (Costa and McCrae, 1992), Tromso social intelligence scale (Silvera and et al, 2001) and spiritual intelligence scale (Amram and Dryer, 2007). Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling with path analysis method in SPSS-23 and LISREL-8.8 software. Findings showed that the resilience model based on personality traits and social intelligence with mediated by spiritual intelligence had a good fit and neuroticism, extraversion, openness, conscientiousness and social intelligence had a significant direct effect on spiritual intelligence and resilience (p < 0.05), but agreeableness did not have a significant effect on spiritual intelligence and resilience (P>0.05). In addition, spiritual intelligence had a significant direct effect on resilience (p < 0.05). Also, neuroticism, extraversion, openness, conscientiousness and social intelligence through spiritual intelligence had a significant indirect effect on resilience (p < 0.05). According to the results of the present study, planning is essential to improve resilience in heart patients and health professionals and therapists can improve resilience in heart patients by reducing neuroticism and increasing extraversion, openness, conscientiousness and social intelligence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Investigating the relationship between spiritual management in the work environment and the ethical behavior of employees in education and training in Mazandaran province
maryam Taghvaee YazdiSpirituality in the work environment can bring humanity to organizations, activity to the community, and responsibility to the environment. If so; This is the most important task that our society is facing in the first decades of the new millennium. The purpose of this MoreSpirituality in the work environment can bring humanity to organizations, activity to the community, and responsibility to the environment. If so; This is the most important task that our society is facing in the first decades of the new millennium. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between spiritual management in the work environment and the ethical behavior of employees in education in Mazandaran province. This is a descriptive correlational research. The statistical population included all education workers of Mazandaran province in 2013-1400, numbering 1412 people. The sample size of 302 people was selected by stratified random sampling method according to gender. The data collection method was library and field. Data measurement tools included the standard questionnaires of spirituality in the work environment by Milliman et al. (2003) and ethical behavior by Lozier (1993). The validity of the questionnaires was checked and confirmed by experts and by calculating Cronbach's alpha, the reliability of spirituality questionnaires in the work environment was calculated as 0.94 and moral behavior as 0.90 percent, which showed that the questionnaires have relatively high reliability. . The method of data analysis was the use of descriptive statistics (frequency calculation, percentages, standard deviation and column chart) and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov Smirnov test and Pearson correlation coefficient test) through SPSS22 software program. The findings showed that there is a relationship between spiritual management in the work environment and the ethical behavior of employees and its components in education in Mazandaran province. As a result, spirituality in the work environment can cause employees and managers to avoid bad words and deliberate enmity with each other due to their sense of belonging to others. The more the spirituality in the work increases, the more ethical principles will be observed in the organization and the more people will adhere to them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence with Sexual Abstinence in Single Students
Behrooz IzadabadiIn this present study the relationship between the emotional intelligence (EQ) and spiritual intelligence (SQ) with sexual abstinence has been considered studied among single students in bachelor section of Evaz (Larestan) Payamnoor university. This was a descriptive &n MoreIn this present study the relationship between the emotional intelligence (EQ) and spiritual intelligence (SQ) with sexual abstinence has been considered studied among single students in bachelor section of Evaz (Larestan) Payamnoor university. This was a descriptive – correlational study, participants of this study were 170 students who were selected according to the random sampling . These subjects answered the emotional intelligence (SibryaShering ,1995) , spiritual intelligence (Badie et al , 2010) and also sexual abstinence questionnaires (Jafari , 2007) . In analyzing the data using Pearson correlation coefficient . The results have showthat ;The spontaneous , self awareness , self control , sharpness social and social skills factors have positive relationship with spiritual intelligence factors . Between spontaneous , self awareness and self control factors with adherence to value and ethical principles of sexual abstinence variable has positive relationship. Also between The general thinking and beliefs factor and pay of apply ethical factors is established positive and significant relationship with sexual abistinence factors . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - Explanation Spiritual Well-being and happiness based on forgiveness component in nounclear family
mohammad Ahangarcani saman kamari roghayeh zareiForgiveness is a particular dimension of spirituality at the appropriate level, is associated with health-related issues. So the aim of this study is to explain the spiritual well-being and happiness of the couple on the basis of forgiveness component in nuclear familie MoreForgiveness is a particular dimension of spirituality at the appropriate level, is associated with health-related issues. So the aim of this study is to explain the spiritual well-being and happiness of the couple on the basis of forgiveness component in nuclear families. The research method was descriptive and correlational research. The data collected was includes spiritual well-being questionnaire, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) and questionnaire measures of "forgiveness" in the family (FFS). Research data were analyzed by using correlation and multivariate regression and independent t-test. The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the component of forgiveness nuclear family with spiritual well-being and happiness of the couple's )P< .(01/0 Results of regression analysis showed that the following components of forgiveness with the exception of a realization and Restitution predictive component in the couple's spiritual well-being And also the components of resolution, realization and Restitution the most significant positive contribution in anticipation of the happiness of the couple. Also there was no significant difference between the sexes (male and female) in happiness, forgiveness and spiritual well-being. Generally the results of research clarify that forgiveness is an effective component to increase spiritual well-being and happiness in couples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - Prediction quality of life and the components of spiritual well-being in students based on Islamic component of humility and arrogance
mohammad Ahangarcani Farhad hazavei saman kamari roghayeh zareiThe aim of this study was to determine the Prediction quality of life and the components of spiritual well-being in students based on Islamic component of humility and arrogance. This study was correlation that 280 students from universities in Mazandaran were selected MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the Prediction quality of life and the components of spiritual well-being in students based on Islamic component of humility and arrogance. This study was correlation that 280 students from universities in Mazandaran were selected by multistage cluster sampling and they responded the questionnaire World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL), Spiritual Well-being Scale (SWBS) and the scale of arrogance and humility (HAIS). data were analysis by using the correlation coefficient, stepwise regression analysis and analysis of variance. The results showed that the component of humility / arrogance there was a significant relationship with both spiritual well-being (existential and religious))P<0/01(, So that the component elements of religious knowledge, humility, self-esteem, self-efficacy and acceptance of others significantly predict students' spiritual well-being. Also there are a significant relationship between the components of courtesy and quality of life)P<0/01(, So that the components of self-esteem, self-efficacy and quality of life predicts that religious knowledge. the results of analysis of variance showed that, only the religious well-being )P<0/03( and self-esteem )P<0/01( there was a significant difference between male and female students. In general, with knowledge of student’s personality components the highlighting religion and spirituality in their lives can be helped to understand and promote student’s well-being and quality of life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - The Relationship between Cultural Intelligence, Spiritual Intelligence and learning Strategies with Self-efficacy In Students of Islamic Azad University Omidiyeh Branch
Zahra Eftekhar Saadi Mozhgan EghbaliAbstract: The aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence and spiritual intelligence with self-efficacy in students of Islamic Azad University of Omidiyeh Branch. A sample of 317 students was selected using stratified random MoreAbstract: The aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence and spiritual intelligence with self-efficacy in students of Islamic Azad University of Omidiyeh Branch. A sample of 317 students was selected using stratified random sampling. In this study, three questionnaires cultural intelligence Earley and Ang, King's spiritual intelligence of 24 questions and general self-efficacy scale have been used. This study was a correlational analysis using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple correlation coefficient which have been done simultaneously and step by step separately with the significance level of α=0.05. The results revealed that the cultural intelligence and spiritual intelligence have a meaningful relationship with self-efficacy as the significance level of P<0.0001. The spiritual intelligence predicts the self-efficacy positively meaningful. The regression analysis also showed that the variable spiritual intelligence was as predictor of self-efficacy in students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - Effectiveness of spirituality therapy training based on positivity on happiness and optimism in adolescents
saman kamari رقیه زارعی محمدباقر ریحانی لیلا شیرجنگ احمدعلی امامیIntroduction: many researches have been shown the effectiveness of spirituality therapy in treatment of mental illness such as depression and anxiety and recently from spirituality therapy approach also used for to improvement of the level of individual’s happines MoreIntroduction: many researches have been shown the effectiveness of spirituality therapy in treatment of mental illness such as depression and anxiety and recently from spirituality therapy approach also used for to improvement of the level of individual’s happiness and optimism. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of spirituality therapy training based on positivity on happiness and optimism in adolescents. Methods: The Methods of present study was a semi-experimental research and a pretest- posttest design with control group. The statistical population were included all high school students in the first grade (year) in Shiraz city that 60 of them were selected through convenience sampling and then based on random assignment of subjects divided into experimental and control groups (each group include 30 subject). The subjects responded to Oxford happiness questionnaire and Life Orientation Test (LOT). the data of research was analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) method. Finding: the univariate analysis of covariance showed that spirituality therapy training had significant effect on increasing happiness in experimental group (P<0/044), also Spirituality therapy training to increase optimism experimental group with the significance level (P<0/017). Conclusion: generally finding showed that spirituality therapy not only in treatment of the types of mental illness was effectiveness but also it can be used for increase the level of happiness and optimism in individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - The relationship between cultural intelligence and spiritual intelligence with the level of entrepreneurship of teachers of the literacy movement
faranak mosavi gazalh gadariThe purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence and spiritual intelligence with the level of entrepreneurship of teachers of the literacy movement. The method of this research was descriptive-correlation. The statistical po MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence and spiritual intelligence with the level of entrepreneurship of teachers of the literacy movement. The method of this research was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this research is the statistical population of all the teachers of the Literacy Movement of Marivan city in the academic year of 2001-2014, numbering about 290 people. A statistical sample of 200 teachers was selected based on random sampling and Cochran's formula. The tools used in this research are the cultural intelligence questionnaire of Ang et al. (2007), the spiritual intelligence of Abdulzadeh (2018) and the entrepreneurial behavior in the resident organization (2019). Findings using the method of Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between cultural intelligence and the level of entrepreneurship of teachers of the literacy movement (p=0.032 and r=0.41). There is a positive and significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and the level of entrepreneurship of teachers of the literacy movement (p=0.0001 and r=0.63). The variables of spiritual intelligence and cultural intelligence respectively predict teachers' entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
234 - Discovering and explaining the pattern of service motivation with a spirituality-oriented approach at work using data foundation theory
Saeid Pardeh shenas Azar kafash poor Mosayeb samanianBackground and Aim: The present study aims to provide a model of service motivation with a spirituality-oriented approach at work.Method: The philosophy of this interpretive research is inductive approach, qualitative method and strategy of data foundation theory with e MoreBackground and Aim: The present study aims to provide a model of service motivation with a spirituality-oriented approach at work.Method: The philosophy of this interpretive research is inductive approach, qualitative method and strategy of data foundation theory with emerging approach. The study population was the employees of Khorasan Razavi Telecommunication Company, whose sample members were selected by snowball method, and the data were saturated from in-depth semi-structured interviews with 19 experts. In order to present the model, according to the analysis, the "6C" glazer family was used.Results: The results showed that the components of service motivation with a spirituality approach in the workplace include: normative, emotional, semantic, social, compassionate and self-sacrificing. Analyzes using the "6C" Glazer family showed :. The main causes include: job characteristics, knowledge characteristics, social capital and personality traits, correlated factors including: social participation in the organization and consolidation of social capital; Requirements include: organizational climate, organizational culture, organizational justice, job satisfaction, proper management of human resources and the philosophy of existence and mission of the organization; Mediating conditions include: social responsibility, loyalty to the organization, and organizational ethics and values. Outcomes include: organizational citizenship behavior, increasing organizational productivity, increasing service quality, job attachment, quality of work life and maintaining organizational capabilities, and the environmental context includes: family socialization, religious characteristics, demographic characteristics and organizational motivational environment.Conclusion: The results of this study help organizations to recognize the motivation to serve with a spiritual approach to work and spread it in the organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
235 - Virtue-based spirituality: the need of contemporary mysticism
Reza AkbariMysticism can be studied from many different perspectives such as the nature of mystical experience, objectivity of them and mystical schools. Contemporarily one of the important problems about mysticism is it its function in human beings' life. Perhaps the mysticism co MoreMysticism can be studied from many different perspectives such as the nature of mystical experience, objectivity of them and mystical schools. Contemporarily one of the important problems about mysticism is it its function in human beings' life. Perhaps the mysticism could be reduced to spirituality. Spirituality can be discussed in two layers in a way that the ethic-centered spirituality is the subset of God-centered spirituality. Every God-centered spirituality contains ethic-centered spirituality not vice versa. God-centered spirituality is the favorite goal for all societies but in societies that religion has not its true position, it is worthy as a strategy to regard ethic-centered spirituality an introductory movement for achieving God-centered spirituality. In considering ethic-centered spirituality we should notice both its negative and positive aspects i.e. doing good deeds and refraining from bad deeds, so being careless about bad deeds is nothing but play Satan's game. Each of these two spiritualties has intellectual and practical constituents. The role of moral exemplars in advancing the God-centered spirituality in societies is very efficacious. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
236 - The points of historical transformation in the ethics of a century of Iranians and its effect on politics in Iran
Hossein Ebrahimnia Seyed abdolamir NabaviThe objects of each generation are also potentially important to another generation, but these generational objects usually have a different meaning; Other objects, especially historical objects, have a more precise meaning; Although some consider evolution as a deviati MoreThe objects of each generation are also potentially important to another generation, but these generational objects usually have a different meaning; Other objects, especially historical objects, have a more precise meaning; Although some consider evolution as a deviation from the norm, which means that the normal state of affairs in society is a state of stability, and it is assumed that morals and values remain stable with the passage of time, and this type of thinking is a reflection of the conservative currents in the sphere. There is any society, but the majority of people in the society seek development in all periods of time. Therefore, the question raised is that the historical transformation in Iranians' mentality and its impact on politics originates from what turning points in the last hundred years? It seems that the historical milestones in interaction with global developments and the positive and negative objects of each generation in turn provided the grounds for the evolution and development of Iranians' spirits, which had long-term effects on the field of politics in its internal and external dimensions, the effects of which will be felt by other generations. in order to discover the proposed hypotheses from the theoretical dimension and match them with the facts, he used the historical-comparative method, and for this purpose, by collecting the necessary data, he described, analyzed, analyzed and inferred, and evaluated the variables by providing scientific and research solutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
237 - Developing a Structural Equation Model of Factors Affecting tend to Critical Thinking of Teachers of Karaj Education Dept., District 4.
Kamran Mohammad Khani Amir Hosrin MohammadDavidi Maryam Farokh Nia Background: This study aimed to design a structural equation model of effective factors on the teachers' tendency toward critical thinking. Method: Research statistical population consisted of teachers of district 4 of K More Background: This study aimed to design a structural equation model of effective factors on the teachers' tendency toward critical thinking. Method: Research statistical population consisted of teachers of district 4 of Karaj. Considering that how and what extent the influence of this factors can be done with using structural equation and analyzing of factors. Methods, in terms of descriptive data collection approach, are the kind of measurement and objective. The instrument used in this study is standard questionnaires tended to critical thinking Ricketts, questionnaires for the measuring of ethical leadership is Dahoogh, and to meeting of spiritual intelligence has been applied Heldberent questionnaire and organizational learning based on Nife model, the final question was 57 and 375 samples were randomly selected that sample size is according to category relative formula based on Morgan table. Content reliability of questionnaire was confirmed by experts and other to analyze the data was used Pearson correlation and LISREL software and structural equation modeling. Findings: The result showed that the extent of the tendency critical thinking, emotional, intelligence, ethical leadership and teachers' organizational learning were higher than average value. There was a significant positive correlation between effective factors to critical thinking involving moral leadership, spiritual intelligence and organizational learning. Result: As a result of the factors that could affect critical thinking, ethical leadership, and organizational learning were spiritual intelligence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
238 - investigating the relationship between Spiritual Intelligence of accountant and quality of financial statements
Matineh Parsian Rahmatollah Mohammadipour Seyed Keyvan KhatamyInvestigating the Relationship Between Intelligent Intelligence of Accountants and the Quality of Financial StatementsAbstractPurpose: The impact of types of intelligence on performance in different domains has been investigated. In the meantime, spiritual intelligence MoreInvestigating the Relationship Between Intelligent Intelligence of Accountants and the Quality of Financial StatementsAbstractPurpose: The impact of types of intelligence on performance in different domains has been investigated. In the meantime, spiritual intelligence and its dimensions are an interesting topic that has recently been investigated in the field of behavioral finance and its impact on different variables. In this research, the quality of financial statements is considered as a dependent variable. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between accounting intelligence and the quality of financial statements.Design/methodology/approach: To collect theoretical foundations of information about literature explanation, the subject matter of the research has been used through library and documentary studies. To obtain the required information, in order to collect the research hypotheses, data was collected for the variables in addition to the questionnaire of the codal site. The hypothesis testing method in this study is using structural equations using Smart-PLS software.Findings: The hypothesis test showed that there is a significant relationship between the spiritual intelligence of accountants and the quality of financial statements. Also, there is a significant relationship between consciousness, internal orientation, meaning and concept, truth and honesty, and the integrity and integrity of accountants with the quality of financial statements. There is no significant relationship between goodness and the existence and character of accountants with the quality of financial statements.Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be concluded that the dimensions of spiritual intelligence in accountants affect the quality of financial statements, which requires that corporate managers, through innovation and innovation, enhance the dimensions of spiritual intelligence that can be matched in line with Improved quality of financial statements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
239 - the effectiveness use of researcher– made multimedia software on the quality of creativity and Educational Achievement of students in Fifth grade elementary school.
Sajad Ghorbani Alireza Sadeghi Ghodsi AhgharThe main objective of the research was to investigate the effectiveness use of researcher– made multimedia software on the quality of Creativity science in Fifth grade elementary school. This research was quasi-experimental study with a pretest - posttest design w MoreThe main objective of the research was to investigate the effectiveness use of researcher– made multimedia software on the quality of Creativity science in Fifth grade elementary school. This research was quasi-experimental study with a pretest - posttest design with a control group. The statistical population was of All students of the fifth grade of the elementary school of Tarom city were in the academic year 2017-18, among 40 schools in the form of two groups of evidence and testing And each group has 20 schools were selected by random cluster sampling method. One group (n = 20) was selected as the experimental group and the other group (n =20) as the control group. In the experimental group, the software training and in the control group and After the end of the test, post-test was performed on both groups. To collect information, the Abedi Creative Development Achievement Questionnaire was used to determine the reliability of the academic achievement tests that obtained 0.838 for the pre-test and 0.856 for the post-test. The data were analyzed with covariance analysis and T test . The results showed that the researcher– made educational software had a positive effect the quality of science in Fifth grade elementary school (P>0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
240 - Modeling academic achievement based on the age of entering the school by mediating spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity in students
Paria Jangi Gholamali Afrooz Alireza Sangani Hasan AsadzadehAim: This research aims to study the modeling academic achievement based on the age of entering the school by mediating spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity in students. Method: method of research type was correlation research based on structural equati MoreAim: This research aims to study the modeling academic achievement based on the age of entering the school by mediating spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity in students. Method: method of research type was correlation research based on structural equation modeling technique, in particular regression equations. In this study, for determining the sample size according to the number of variables observed and assigning a coefficient of 15 for each variables, and taking into account the probability of having incomplete questionnaires,250 were selected as sample size. The statistical population of this study was 1472 students of all 10th grade elementary school students of Urmia high school in the academic year of 2017-2018.Data collection tools were used, King’s Spiritual Intelligence Scale, Inderbitzen&Fooster Social Skills Scale, and Torrance Creativity Scale, The grade score was considered as academic achievement. Results: The findings showed that the research model was confirmed and, in general, 0.26 of academic achievement can be explained by the age of entry into the school, the spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity. Also, entering the school with the mediation of spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity showed an indirect effect on academic achievement. Conclusion: The results of this study emphasized the necessity of the role of the age of entry into the school, as well as the role of moderating variable of spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity by students, which could provide applied ideas to improve the psychological state to counselors and learners. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - Analysis of the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence of Students and Guilford's Creativity Theory in Educational Environments (Case Study: Architects student of Islamic Azad University of kermanshah)
Mohammadmahdi Moghadasi Negin AlibeigiPurpose: The present study is to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence in educational spaces and components of the theory of creativity of Gilford (1967) with the approach to promoting the creativity of architecture stude MorePurpose: The present study is to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence in educational spaces and components of the theory of creativity of Gilford (1967) with the approach to promoting the creativity of architecture students of Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah. Method: This research is a methodology, descriptive-correlational and purpose-oriented. The first statistical population is all students of architecture of Kermanshah Azad University. Referring to Morgan table and simple random sampling method, 250 people The students were selected as the final statistical society. The data were collected using Wizinger's Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (1998); Amram's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008) and Gladieberck & Hiller's (1979) Creativity Questionnaire. In order to experience and analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics of samples such as Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Pearson correlation test and multiple regression test were used. Findings: The findings of the research show that there is a significant and direct relationship between the components of Gilford's creativity and emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence in architectural spaces with the level of (p≤0.005). Conclusion: The results of regression analysis revealed that emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence have been able to predict about 29% of the variance of changes in students' creativity promotion. In the meantime, spiritual intelligence contributes most to this prediction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - Reflection on the role of training courses on creating an entrepreneurial spirit among university students
Saeid Ghiyasi Nadoshan Samira FalahiyaniBackground: The academic entrepreneurial as a third mission of universities and higher education as well as the approach in recent years has been considered. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the role of the educational courses on creating and fostering ent MoreBackground: The academic entrepreneurial as a third mission of universities and higher education as well as the approach in recent years has been considered. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the role of the educational courses on creating and fostering entrepreneurial spirit among university students. Methods: This research is a quantitative and descriptive survey method. The data in this study using a questionnaire based on the aspects raised by the McClelland were collected. Its validity was confirmed by experts and experts and reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha 0/92 is reported. The study population included 2,500 Allameh Tabatabai University students who were studying in the academic year 94-1393 on central campus. Of those using cluster sampling and random sampling of 335 subjects were selected by Morgan table. Results: According to research all elements of entrepreneurship were measured in this study (achievement, tolerance for ambiguity, self-confidence, risk-taking and creativity) were lower than average. The role of education in creating a spirit of entrepreneurship and its components were not significantly different between male and female students. Conclusion: Allameh Tabataba’i University holds training courses on developing the entrepreneurial spirit in students not affected. So the university should rethink its educational programs, redesign and recreate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - The effect of Managers' spiritual intelligence on the performance of public organizations employees
Vahideh Asharlous Esmaeil Dadashi KhassBackground: Spiritual intelligence has been emphasized implicitly in Islam. Recognizing the Spiritual models and setting the employee behavior based on them is the main point of Spiritual Intelligence. In work environment of public organizations, a new paradigm of spiri MoreBackground: Spiritual intelligence has been emphasized implicitly in Islam. Recognizing the Spiritual models and setting the employee behavior based on them is the main point of Spiritual Intelligence. In work environment of public organizations, a new paradigm of spirituality and spiritual growth and maturity has emerged out. When the ethical issues are unresolved, their Spiritual growth is prevented. Purpose: Spirituality can be reflected as a form of Intelligence. The Spiritual Intelligence combines the outer aspects of Intelligence with the inner aspects of Spirituality. The Spiritual Intelligence is a new issue which there are little theoretical materials and research and empirical finding about. This article is involved with measuring the Spiritual Intelligence of managers on which the ability of human to answer the serious question about the meaningfulness of life and the relationship of inner mind life with outer life is based and it reveals new aspect of organization activity which never consider people as tools but respects them and treat them kindly and respectfully and through that, the moral, scientific and social abilities of the employees are directed to were success and prosperity. Method: The data in this research were gathered through questionnaire and were analyzed by using the social science analysis software. Result(s): The results showed that the Spiritual Intelligence of managers has a remarkable effect on the employee performance and the meaning component have the greatest effect and the components of consciousness, grace and transcendence are in the later ranks, and at last the truth of the managers action has the least effect on the employee performance and also a new result was obtained about the new concept of Spiritual Intelligence as a solution to strengthen the employee performance in the public organizations in country. Conclusion: The Spiritual Intelligence has entered the other fields of humanities including management, not only in the individual fields but also in the psychological ones. The increasing researches in Spirituality have indicated the remarkable effect of it in the individual and organization performance. Also, the evidence indicate that the spiritual exercises, increase the awareness and knowledge to new multiple level of Intelligence and have a positive effect on the performance of people to look at it as directing light to achieve the job and life goals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - The Relationship between Personality and Spiritual Intelligence among Members of Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University
Parviz Mirzakhni Ali Delavar Behnam Makvandi Background: Spiritual intelligence represents a set of potentials, capacities and spiritual resources of their application in daily life and can increase the adaptability and well-being of the individual. In this regard it can be noted that the religious believes More Background: Spiritual intelligence represents a set of potentials, capacities and spiritual resources of their application in daily life and can increase the adaptability and well-being of the individual. In this regard it can be noted that the religious believes or religious personality are particularly relevant to spiritual intelligence. Purpose: This article explained the relationship between personality traits and spiritual intelligence among researchers and elite students. Method: The population of this study were all student members of young researchers and elite club. Using stratified random method a sample of 373 students were selected. Measurement tools were comprehensive questionnaires on spiritual intelligence test (ISIS) and five factor personality Inventory (NEO) which were designed and carried out online. The obtained data were analyzed by Pearson. Results: there was an inverse correlation between neuroticism as a personality trait with spiritual intelligence and its elements. There is a direct correlation between the elements of extroversion, conscientiousness, openness, agreeableness with spiritual intelligence and its elements. Conclusion: According to these findings it can be concluded that all the influential factors of personality based on spiritual intelligence and extraversion except that an inverse relation with the other spiritual intelligence and spiritual intelligence are directly related to the components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
245 - Investigating the possibility of occurrence of geological hazards in the existing formations at the Hamrov tunnel
Vahid HosseinitoudeshkiKnowledge of geological hazards plays an important role in the selection and installation of timely support system for underground structures. The Hamrov tunnel with an approximate length of 1294 meters in the main way of Sanandaj- Marivan is under construction. B MoreKnowledge of geological hazards plays an important role in the selection and installation of timely support system for underground structures. The Hamrov tunnel with an approximate length of 1294 meters in the main way of Sanandaj- Marivan is under construction. Based on the geo-mechanical conditions of rock masses in the tunnel, it is necessary to investigate the possible geological hazards such as squeezing. In this study, using geological surveys and drilling of boreholes, the way of the tunnel been divided into different units and then the severity of squeezing in each section have been investigated. By comparing the different methods of squeezing evaluation, it was found that the empirical Hoek-Marinos method evaluate the minimum of squeezing and the Jethwa method evaluate the maximum of squeezing for the rock masses of the tunnel. The utmost squeezing potential is related to section of the tunnel where there is the alternation of sandy shale and limestone with shale. According to the survey, the Hamrov tunnel is divided into three sections: A (km 5293 to 5543) with squeezing extreme serious to serious, B (km 5543 to 5973) with squeezing severe to very low, and C (5973 to 6133 km) almost without risk of squeezing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
246 - Prediction of ground settlement induced by mechanized excavation in the Tehran Metro tunnel
Saeed. hosseini Korosh. shahriar Masoud. monjezi MohammadReza. BitarafanThe main issue of tunnelling in urban environment is the prediction of the ground settlements induced by tunnelexcavation, which may cause damage to surface structures. In this paper are used empirical, analytical and threedimensional finite element methods (by ABAQUS p MoreThe main issue of tunnelling in urban environment is the prediction of the ground settlements induced by tunnelexcavation, which may cause damage to surface structures. In this paper are used empirical, analytical and threedimensional finite element methods (by ABAQUS program) for the prediction of ground settlements inducedduring tunnel construction using EPB (earth pressure balance) excavation machine in part of the line 3 of Tehransubway. The results indicate that the three-dimensional FEM predicts a more realistic surface settlement value,and settlement profiles from empirical and analytical methods are narrower than numerical one. Moreover, themaximum predicted settlement by three methods is more than its suggested allowable value. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
247 - The Investigation of the Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Integrative Self- Knowledge with Life Satisfaction
Mina Rezaei Abajlo Mohammad Azad AbdollahpourPurpose: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and coherent self-knowledge with the satisfaction of students' lives with the support of the Urmia Relief Committee. Method: The research method was correlation. The statisti MorePurpose: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and coherent self-knowledge with the satisfaction of students' lives with the support of the Urmia Relief Committee. Method: The research method was correlation. The statistical population of this study was students under the auspices of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee of Urmia city in 2015-16, and 200 people were selected as available as a statistical sample. The Dinner et al. (1985) Life Satisfaction Scale, King's Intellectual Intelligence Intelligence Scale (2008) and the Coherent Self-Esteem Scale of Victim et al. (2008) were used to gather information. Results: The findings showed that there was a positive relationship between the variables of coherent self-knowledge, spiritual intelligence, critical existential thinking, and production of personal meaning, sublime awareness and development of alert state with satisfaction of students' lives under the auspices of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Urmia. Has it. And regression analysis suggests that the strongest explanatory variance of life satisfaction is among the predictor variables of spiritual intelligence (P <0.05) Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that the most important variable related to life satisfaction, which is one of the important indicators of health, is spiritual intelligence, and it is important to focus on cultivating this intelligence in the family and educational environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
248 - Predicting the quality of the marital relationships between Isfahanian couples based on the components of spiritual intelligence (spiritual life and relying on the inner core)
Mina Azarnik Asghar AghaeiMarital relationships are one of the essential components in ensuring the mental health of the members and couples. Therefore, identification of the variables affecting the appropriate quality in these relations will be an essential issue. So, the objective of the prese MoreMarital relationships are one of the essential components in ensuring the mental health of the members and couples. Therefore, identification of the variables affecting the appropriate quality in these relations will be an essential issue. So, the objective of the present study is to predict the quality of the marital relationships between Isfahanian couples based on the components of spiritual intelligence (spiritual life and relying on the inner core). In a correlational study of prediction type, according to Dr. Delawar's opinion (1393) 15 people is sufficient for every variable but for increasing the external validity of the study 50 people were considered as the sample. The tools used in this study include Abdullah Zadeh et al spiritual intelligence questionnaire (1387) and Busby et al marital relationships quality questionnaire (1995). The results showed that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between the spiritual intelligence and its subscales (understanding and connection with the source of life and spiritual life or relying on the inner core) and the quality of marital relationships (P˂0.01). The Regression analysis revealed that the dimensions of spiritual intelligence (spiritual life and relying on the inner core) positively predict the quality of marital relationships (P˂0.01). According to the obtained results, it seems that the essential components in establishing appropriate and high-quality marital relationships should be specially noted in pre-marital educations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
249 - Relationship of Spiritual Intelligence with Academic Achievement and Happiness in Girls High School students in Tehran
Zahra Gholami Heidarabadi Nastaran Feizabadi Elahe KhoshnevisThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between spiritual intelligence with academic achievement and happiness in Girls High School student in Tehran. Statistical population of the present study is consisted of students in Girls’ High schools in Tehr MoreThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between spiritual intelligence with academic achievement and happiness in Girls High School student in Tehran. Statistical population of the present study is consisted of students in Girls’ High schools in Tehran that are a total of 245,897 students and 385 of them were selected as research sample by using multistage cluster sampling method and completed Oxford’s Happiness Index (OHI) and AMRAAM’s (2007) Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire. In the end, data collected from research questionnaires were analyzed by regression analysis test and results indicated that there is a relationship between spiritual intelligence with students’ academic achievement and happiness in Girls High Schools in Tehran. It was also indicated that there is a relationship between spiritual intelligence dimensions (overall thinking and beliefs, ability to cope problems, self-awareness and love and interest, moral individualities) with students’ academic achievement and happiness in Girls High Schools in Tehran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
250 - Investigation of Active Geodynamics Caused by Performance of Salt Dome Using Radar Interferometry (Case Study: The Salt Dome of Qeshm Island)
Leilaa hajiesmaeli kourosh RashidiQeshm salt dome is a part of Qeshm unique Geopark, the only Geopark in the Middle East. The present study is a descriptive-analytical. Qeshm Salt Dome study area and required information for this research are radar satellite images, optical satellite images as well as r MoreQeshm salt dome is a part of Qeshm unique Geopark, the only Geopark in the Middle East. The present study is a descriptive-analytical. Qeshm Salt Dome study area and required information for this research are radar satellite images, optical satellite images as well as rock, geological information of the area using radar interferometry and paired radar images taken from the site. The European Space Agency is first developing some ground-level models for the region by doing some processing. After constructing the elevation model, the Envi software performs several measurements on the ASAR satellite Envisat satellite radar data and performs interpolation to calculate the elevation of Qeshm Island and presents the results digitally. An adaptive filter was used to provide better results. Rate of salt dome changes in the period 2003-2005, 0 to 0.16 m, in the period 2005-2008, -0.03 to 0.085 m and in the period 2008 to 2010, -0.007 to 0.082 m was calculated. Rate of changes in Qeshm Island in the period 2005-2003, 0 to 0.23 m, in the period 2008-2005, -0.2 to 0.15 m and in the period 2010-2008, were -0.03 to 0.23 centimeter Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - A comparative study of the outlook of Sanaee and Molavi about the traveling
REZA AGHAYARI ZAHEDin Persian literature, traveling has been proposed in the poems. The spiritual dimension which is known as the internal, spiritual, and inner traveling desire has been originated from the thoughtfulness principal of mystic literature. This journey’s destination is Morein Persian literature, traveling has been proposed in the poems. The spiritual dimension which is known as the internal, spiritual, and inner traveling desire has been originated from the thoughtfulness principal of mystic literature. This journey’s destination is God which finally ends up with decay in God is known as a type of rebirth of the faithful follower (called survival after death). All efforts of the mystics revolve around the guidance of human being to this route. If we investigate the thoughts of the mystics during the pass of centuries, we can come across a thought bond within this relationship. Each poet has emphasized about inner journey in a different way but referring to the same concept. In the present research the thoughts of two great figures in mysticism, Sanaee and Molavi, about traveling . The results showed that both poets have understood their mystic responsibility in a way that they considered themselves responsible to guide human beings to enter the route to know their divine identities. Therefore, they have stressed on inner journey. The obligatory journey of human being has exiled him/her from the divine world into this world and human beings should try to re-enter that world through inner journey. To do so, human being should abandon worldly pleasures and should enter mystic routes with the help of a leader. Regarding this view, we can refer to the ancient pattern of heroic journey to the mystic world Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - Matching the narration of the common story of the dervish who adorned the slaves of Amid Khorasani in Harry from Masnavi and the mantek Al-Tair
Sorour kanebaigi Seyyed Mahmoud Seyed Sadeghi Shams Al-Hajiyeh Ahmadi roknabadi Narration is one of the most efficient and effective literary and educational methods. Great poets such as Rumi inherited very old cultural and literary traditions, and therefore their stories are rooted in history and the collective human subconscious. Storytelli More Narration is one of the most efficient and effective literary and educational methods. Great poets such as Rumi inherited very old cultural and literary traditions, and therefore their stories are rooted in history and the collective human subconscious. Storytelling has a unique and completely different place in the spiritual Masnavi. Masnavi is an educational work full of stories and anecdotes. This research, in a descriptive-analytical way and library method, seeks to apply the narrative of one of the stories of Masnavi and Al-Tair region entitled "The common story of the dervish who adorned Amid Khorasani's slaves in Masnavi and Al-Tair region". Since allegorical stories form a large part of Masnavi and the best method and technique of Rumi in inducing teachings is his special method of narration, by analyzing this story, we can explain how narration and the role of semantic association in Rumi's method of narration. That is, knowing the narrative style of the text helps us to get closer to the author's mentality, and by identifying the narrative style of Masnavi, we can answer the questions of what is the difference between choosing a particular method of narration in the story of Masnavi and giving meaning to the text or the story of the region. It creates and to what extent has Rumi been able to create new meanings due to the change in the way of narrating the story of Al-Tair region? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
253 - Investigation and comparison of peripheral and psychic states in the poems of Alaadullah Biabanki
, Saeed Karkabadi, mashoor Parvin Dokht, Farzad, Abbasi Mahboubeh Zia KhodadadianOne of the issues that the mysticism of all nations revolves around is the issue of discovery and intuition. In general, mystical revelations in the Divan of Ala al-Dawla Biyabanki can be divided into two categories: formal and spiritual discovery and intuition, and eac MoreOne of the issues that the mysticism of all nations revolves around is the issue of discovery and intuition. In general, mystical revelations in the Divan of Ala al-Dawla Biyabanki can be divided into two categories: formal and spiritual discovery and intuition, and each of them has its types. These formal and spiritual revelations in some respects with the theory of W.T. Stacey is applicable to discovery and intuition. In this research, the revelations of Ala al-Dawlah based on formal and spiritual conditions have been studied and then their common features such as feeling of trust, objectivity, happiness, etc. have been explained. Of course, in some of these cases, Stacey's view differs or is not compatible with some of the characteristics of Islamic revelation. In addition, the specific characteristics of formal and spiritual states have been studied, and we have finally come to the conclusion that the revelations of Ala 'al-Dawlah, in addition to conforming to some patterns of Western mysticism, are unique in their kind and in some ways superior to Western mysticism. In this research, the author also tries to answer the question of descriptive-analytical method and library method whether the poems of Ala Al-Dawlah, in spite of their abundance, expressions related to discovery and intuition, adaptability and classification in the field of literary type "Literature" Does it have "prophecies and revelations" or not? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - A comparative study of Ameshaspandan in Zoroastrianism and the standing property in theoretical mysticism
Saeed Mohammadi kishThe fixed nobles in theoretical mysticism are the forms of divine knowledge that have entered into the body of the world in holy grace, the fixed nobles in divine knowledge are limited only once in eternity and have become the manifestation of the essence of the Almight MoreThe fixed nobles in theoretical mysticism are the forms of divine knowledge that have entered into the body of the world in holy grace, the fixed nobles in divine knowledge are limited only once in eternity and have become the manifestation of the essence of the Almighty in the guise of names and attributes. This research is a theoretical study that examines the descriptive-comparative interpretation of the synonyms of Ayan Thabiteh in the ancient Zoroastrian religion through the method of library research and description and comparison of data. The purpose of this research is to investigate the fundamental similarities between these two religious and mystical attitudes. Referring to the findings of the research, it can be said that the spiritual forms of the universe in Zoroastrianism are called Amshaspandan Farvashi, which, like the nobles, were created before the creation of existence and were placed in the Gita body, they are the manifestation of the names and attributes, the manifestations of Ahura Mazda in They are the Gita world. In both attitudes, the first covenant and acknowledgment of the mission of servanthood are mentioned. Divine knowledge is fixed in them, and in the scientific facts of beings, they have the same definitions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - Investigation of effective parameters (pipe diameter and fluid velocity) on the Simulation of water hammer phenomenon in water pipeline
Nima Asadi Dehmirahmadi Yousof EsmaeiliDue to the importance of water hammer in pipe network and pipe containing liquids in this paper, the diameter of pipe and the velocity of fluid were considered experimentally in laboratory and simulated the problem in HAMMER software. In this study, the tests were carri MoreDue to the importance of water hammer in pipe network and pipe containing liquids in this paper, the diameter of pipe and the velocity of fluid were considered experimentally in laboratory and simulated the problem in HAMMER software. In this study, the tests were carried out with six different types of materials (Brass, Carbon Steel, Copper, Five layer and PVC). It was assumed that valve which causes water hammer was closed fast. Also, how valve closing, is another important issue for this phenomenon. The tests in two modes slow and fast closing valve results showed if it takes more time to close, water hammer is less and the waves would fade faster. Also by examining the results indicate that the diameter of the pipes increasing pipe's diameter, increases the mess flow and fluid's velocity therefore effect of water hammer increases. This phenomenon shows that effect of increasing fluid velocity is more powerful than increasing pipe diameter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - The predicting of Corona disease anxiety based on spiritual health, the mediating role of family function
Saeideh BazzazianAbstractThe entire world has been influenced by the effects and consequences of Covid-19 Pandemic. Investigating effective factors on its psychological dimension can help reduce the anxiety caused by epidemic. The aim of this study was to predict Corona disease anxiety MoreAbstractThe entire world has been influenced by the effects and consequences of Covid-19 Pandemic. Investigating effective factors on its psychological dimension can help reduce the anxiety caused by epidemic. The aim of this study was to predict Corona disease anxiety based on spiritual health and family function. From all of the employees and students in the Islamic Azad University, West Tehran branch 204 persons were selected randomly in 2020-2021academic year. Subjects completed Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), Family Assessment Device (FAD), and Spiritual Health Questionnaire (SHQ). Results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that existential health, family function and religious health could explain 29/5% variation of physical symptom of corona disease anxiety (P<0/05). Also, religious health and family function could explain 14% variation of psychological symptom of Corona disease anxiety. Thus, results of the present study in addition to expanding the research literature highlight the role of spiritual health and family performance, and the necessity of paying attention to these factors in management policy and planning to control psychological consequences of the epidemic.Keywords: Corona Disease Anxiety, Spiritual Health, Family Function1. Associate Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
257 - Predicting marital happiness based on spiritual intelligence and cognitive emotional regulation in career women
Zhaleh NorooziAbstractThe aim of this study was to predict marital happiness based on spiritual intelligence and cognitive emotion regulation in career women in Abhar. The method of the present study was correlational. The Marital Happiness Scale, King Spiritual Intelligence Question MoreAbstractThe aim of this study was to predict marital happiness based on spiritual intelligence and cognitive emotion regulation in career women in Abhar. The method of the present study was correlational. The Marital Happiness Scale, King Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire and Cognitive Emotion Regulation were used to measure variables. In this study, the statistical population included all women employees in Abhar city offices in 1400. Ahundred people were randomly selected as the sample by stepwise cluster sampling method. Pearson correlation and stepwise regression were used to analyze the data. The results of correlation coefficient showed that there is a positive relationship between existential criticism of thinking, creation of personal significance, transcendent consciousness, expansion of state of consciousness and spiritual intelligence with marital happiness (P <0.01). There is a positive relationship (P <0.05) between marital happiness and acceptance components, refocusing on planning, and positive re-evaluation. There is a negative relationship between marital happiness and the components of self-blame and blame of others (P <0.05). There is a negative relationship between marital happiness and catastrophic component (P <0.01). The results of regression showed that the existential criticism component of thinking and acceptance along with refocusing on planning can explain 30% of the variance of marital happiness. It can be concluded that among the effective variables in promoting marital happiness are spiritual intelligence and cognitive emotion regulation.Keywords: Marital happiness, Spiritual intelligence, Cognitive emotion regulation, women employees.1. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - A study on the effect of spiritual leadership and resiliency on organizational excellence among of Islamic Azad Universit’s in Khorasan Razavi Province
مهدی کفاش farshideh zameni Reza Yousefi SaeedabadiThis study aims to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership and resiliency on the organizational excellence among of Islamic Azad Universit’s Khorasan Razavi Province .The survey type ofdescriptive research method was used to conduct the research. The study MoreThis study aims to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership and resiliency on the organizational excellence among of Islamic Azad Universit’s Khorasan Razavi Province .The survey type ofdescriptive research method was used to conduct the research. The study population included all faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Khorasan Razavi Province. totally1,200 people that 291 of them were selected randomly as sample using Morgan table.The required datawere gatheredthrough three standardized questionnaire including Spiritual Leadership Questionnaire byFry et. al (2005), Corner Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) and Muller’s organizational excellence questionnaire (2000) .The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the experts in the field based on content validity .The reliability of the instruments was calculated 94% for spiritual leadership questionnaire, 87% for Resiliencequestionnaire and83% for organizational excellencequestionnaire using Cronbach's alpha.Descriptive statistics (frequency, graph ...) and inferential statistics (SEM) were used for data analysis. Analyzing the research results concerning the impact of spiritual leadership and resiliency dimensionson the Excellenceit was found that statistically spiritual leadership and resiliency had positive and direct impact on organizational excellence.So based on the above it can be concluded that the higher the dimensions of spiritual leadership and resiliency in an organization of Islamic Azad Universit’s Khorasan Razavi Province the higher will be the increase in organizational excellence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - The relationship between spirituality in work with teachers' organizational performance based on the components of the Achio model
khasem karimi sifollah fazllollahiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spirituality in working with organizational performance of teachers based on the components of the Achiv model. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of collecting descriptiv MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spirituality in working with organizational performance of teachers based on the components of the Achiv model. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of collecting descriptive information of correlation type. The statistical population of the study was 847 teachers in the district of Qom province and the sample of 265 students who were selected according to the Morgan tables in a stratified random sampling method. For collecting data,used two questionnaires of spirituality in the work of Milliam et al. (2003) and the organizational performance questionnaire of Hersey and Goldsmith with a reliability of 0.78 and 0.81, respectively, based on Cronbach's alpha. For Data analysis used descriptive and inferential methods in the Pearson Correlation Test, Z Fisher and Regression, by SPSS software. Showed that: 1.There is a positive and significant relationship between spirituality in work and its dimensions (work with meaning at the individual level, feeling of solidarity at group level, the alignment of individual and organizational values, the sense of enjoyment of work, opportunities for inner life) with organizational performance. 2. The correlation between spirituality in work with the organizational performance of male and female teachers is not different & Spirituality in work is a good predictor of the organizational performance of school teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - Predicting the intellectual capital based on spiritual intelligence, social capital and knowledge management in university students
Parenaz BanisiIntellectual capital is an intangible asset that can be considered as a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Therefore, the aim of present research was predicting the intellectual capital based on spiritual intelligence, social capital and knowledge management i MoreIntellectual capital is an intangible asset that can be considered as a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Therefore, the aim of present research was predicting the intellectual capital based on spiritual intelligence, social capital and knowledge management in university students. Design research was a descriptive from type of correlation. The population was university students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran city in 2017-18 academic years that from them 600 people selected by multistep cluster sampling method. Research tools were the questionnaire of intellectual capital (Bontis, 2001), spiritual intelligence (AbdollahZadeh & et al, 2009), social capital (Pajak, 2006) and knowledge management (Probst, 2000). Data were analyzed with using SPSS-23 software and by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression with enter model. The results showed that spiritual intelligence, social capital and knowledge management had a positive and significant relationship with intellectual capital in university students. The prediction variables means spiritual intelligence, social capital and knowledge management significantly could explain 51/1 percent of variance of intellectual capital in university students (P<0/01). As a result, to increase the intellectual capital in university students can promote the rate of their spiritual intelligence, social capital and knowledge management via workshop. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - Explaining the Methods of Aesthetic Education from the Viewpoint of Friedrich Hegel and its Educational Implications
fahime hajiani Jahanbakhsh Rahmani mohamadreza shamshiriThis research seeks to elaborate on Hegel's idealistic view of the aesthetic sense of translators in the education system by using Franken's inferential method and resource analysis, books, and numerous researches on Hegel's idealistic view. The findings of this study i MoreThis research seeks to elaborate on Hegel's idealistic view of the aesthetic sense of translators in the education system by using Franken's inferential method and resource analysis, books, and numerous researches on Hegel's idealistic view. The findings of this study indicate that Hegel considers mind cultivation as one of the aesthetic training methods. For Hegel, the human mind is not merely abstract and conceptual, because if it is abstract and conceptual it cannot think or become aware of its own thinking. The mind constructs itself in sensory activities and products such as alien or foreign art. Among the methods of imitation and creativity of art, Hegel rejects the method of imitation and praises the creativity of art. Hegel also considers modeling of nature one of the primary ways to create beautiful works of art. And the human mind has shown a tremendous amount of interest in the creation of artworks. The use of art and aesthetics to reinforce religious beliefs and spiritual affairs, as well as emotional evacuation, and to attain spiritual-psychological relaxation are also other ways of applying Hegel's aesthetic education to use. Is in the education system Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - Presenting a model of generous leadership with emphasis on spirituality in the workplace in education
Parviz Paghe Samereh Shajaei MahmoudReza Mostaghimi Fereydoon AzmaThe aim of research was presenting a model of generous leadership with emphasis on spirituality in the workplace in education. The present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The research MoreThe aim of research was presenting a model of generous leadership with emphasis on spirituality in the workplace in education. The present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The research population in the qualitative section was experts familiar with the subject and in the quantitative section was managers, senior experts and education experts of the northern provinces of country in 2018-19 year. The sample in the qualitative section was 10 people who based on principle of theoretical saturation were selected by snowball sampling method and in the quantitative section was 300 people who based on Cochran's formula were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected in the qualitative section by reviewing the background and interviews with experts and in the quantitative section by researcher-made questionnaire of 53 items whose structural validity was confirmed by factor analysis method and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method above 0/70. Also, for data analysis used from methods of factor analysis and structural equation modeling in Smart PLS software. Findings showed generous leadership including components of education of employee, forgiveness, organizational upgrades, organizational justice, providing a happy organizational environment, meritocracy in appointments, employee participation in organizational decisions and acknowledgments for the cooperation of coworker and spirituality in the workplace including components of mutual respect, self-control, honest behavior, prophetic morality, divine supervision and enjoining good. Also, generous leadership and its components had a positive effect on spirituality in workplace (p < 0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - Examining the Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Spirituality on Job Burnout with the mediating role of Organizational Learning
Ali Akbar Aghighi vahid mirzaei majid ghadimi tavakoliThe present study aims to discover the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational spirituality on job burnout and to study the possible mediation of organizational learning in between. The statistical population of this study consisted of all the second MoreThe present study aims to discover the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational spirituality on job burnout and to study the possible mediation of organizational learning in between. The statistical population of this study consisted of all the second stage of highschool teachers of the Iranian of Mashad who were selected as a sample using Cochran's formula. This research is applicative, in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of nature and method. The data collection tools are questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed using face and structural validity and the reliability was ssconfirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Structural equation modeling and PLS4 software was used for statistical analysis of the collected data. The results contribute to new knowledge that both organizational spirituality and ethical leadership have a direct and reversal relationship with the organizational burnout and in the meantime organizational learning Plays a mediating role through reducing the effects of organizational burnout among the employees improving the anti-productive organizational behaviours, while receiving a direct and positive effect from both the ethical leadership and organizational spirituality. According to the confirmation of all the research hypotheses, suggestions have been made regarding how to choose and train the school managers and how to eliminate and reduce organizational burnout among the teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - The study of correlation between life satisfaction and spiritual well-being in patients with breast cancer
afsaneh tahedi hasan ahadi farah lotsi rouhalla ahmadzadehBreast cancer is a prevalent disease and the most important source of stress, disability and low life satisfaction in the world. The present research is a co relational model and the aim of that was to study the correlation between life satisfaction and spiritual well-b MoreBreast cancer is a prevalent disease and the most important source of stress, disability and low life satisfaction in the world. The present research is a co relational model and the aim of that was to study the correlation between life satisfaction and spiritual well-being in patients with breast cancer. Population of this study was all patients who were referred to Shohadaye Tajrish hospital in the first six month of year 1391. The sample was 400 patients who were selected purposefully. Two life satisfaction and spiritual questionnaires were administered. For analyzing data, Correlation method was conducted by spss software. Results showed that there is significant correlation between two variables in patients with breast cancer Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - Investigating components of psychological capital in higher education to present a model
behrang esmaeili kiuomaezh niyazazari mohammad salehi taraneh anayatiThis days scientists think that mere material, human and social capital are sufficient for success in organizations but staffs’ positive psychological components are more important. Regarding the importance of psychological comp MoreThis days scientists think that mere material, human and social capital are sufficient for success in organizations but staffs’ positive psychological components are more important. Regarding the importance of psychological components in organization and management, special kind of capital termed Psychological capital is becoming important. The aim of this research is to verify and recognize the positive psychological components of the capital. Research population is the faculty of branches of Islamic Azad University located in Mazandaran. A sample was selected using stratified sampling. The factor analysis results show that 100 components are recognizable. Correlation Matrix is used to construct the model Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - The relationship between spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction
zinab Bdyvsfkhany hosein akbari Spiritual intelligence of the inner life of the mind and its relation to existence in the world is connected. Intelligence Intellectual ability to understand the deep spiritual questions and multiple levels of intelligence inner vision. Features include exploring More Spiritual intelligence of the inner life of the mind and its relation to existence in the world is connected. Intelligence Intellectual ability to understand the deep spiritual questions and multiple levels of intelligence inner vision. Features include exploring spirituality in search of meaning and purpose, sense God save (ie, humanity is beyond being simply physical) sense of connection (such as other people, nature and the unseen world) and value (such as love, compassion and justice) is. Satisfaction ، . Bed success is not successful, and no man of the art "life satisfaction" does not possess. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction of married students in the academic year 2013-2014 GHOUCHAN University is studying. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the results. The results of this study showed that there is a significant correlation between spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - Spiritual Intelligence: Perspectives and challenges
alireza rajaeiIn this article, after a brief introduction to the psychology of religion, the latest concept of spiritual intelligence is presented. In recent years , the intelligence has not only been considered as a cognitive ability , but i MoreIn this article, after a brief introduction to the psychology of religion, the latest concept of spiritual intelligence is presented. In recent years , the intelligence has not only been considered as a cognitive ability , but it has also been extended to other fields like emotional intelligence , natural intelligence , existential intelligence and spiritual intelligence. The theoretical framework of spiritual intelligence and it's components are discussed and the challenges of this new concept are considered. Then, some of it's components are compared with Islamic and literary works. Finally several questions are proposed for future study Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
268 - A study on the effect of spiritual leadership and resiliency on organizational excellence among of Islamic Azad Universit’s in Khorasan Resave Province
mehdi kafash farshedeh zameni reza yosefi saedabadiThis study aims to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership and resiliency on the organizational excellence among of Islamic Azad Universit’s Khorasan Razavi Province .The survey type ofdescriptive research method was used to conduct the research. The study MoreThis study aims to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership and resiliency on the organizational excellence among of Islamic Azad Universit’s Khorasan Razavi Province .The survey type ofdescriptive research method was used to conduct the research. The study population included all faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Khorasan Razavi Province. totally1,200 people that 291 of them were selected randomly as sample using Morgan table.The required datawere gatheredthrough three standardized questionnaire including Spiritual Leadership Questionnaire byFry et. al (2005), Corner Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) and Muller’s organizational excellence questionnaire (2000) .The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the experts in the field based on content validity .The reliability of the instruments was calculated 94% for spiritual leadership questionnaire, 87% for Resiliencequestionnaire and83% for organizational excellencequestionnaire using Cronbach's alpha.Descriptive statistics (frequency, graph ...) and inferential statistics (SEM) were used for data analysis. Analyzing the research results concerning the impact of spiritual leadership and resiliency dimensionson the Excellenceit was found that statistically spiritual leadership and resiliency had positive and direct impact on organizational excellence.So based on the above it can be concluded that the higher the dimensions of spiritual leadership and resiliency in an organization of Islamic Azad Universit’s Khorasan Razavi Province the higher will be the increase in organizational excellence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
269 - Critique of the common sense of the Enlightenment from the perspective of Herder's historical thought
maryam Darbanian bijan abdolkarimiHistorical thinking refers to the attitude that considers man and his thinking in his historical and social context and considers any understanding, cognition, interpretation and action of man as historical. In contrast, non-historical thinking, influenced by Aristoteli MoreHistorical thinking refers to the attitude that considers man and his thinking in his historical and social context and considers any understanding, cognition, interpretation and action of man as historical. In contrast, non-historical thinking, influenced by Aristotelian essentialist thought and Cartesian mathematical reason, considers a single and universal meaning of reason,which it considers the criterion and benchmark of all historical periods. The main question of the article is with what attitude does Herder criticize the common interpretation of the Enlightenment and the purpose of this research is to examine the aspects of his criticisms in this field. Therefore, his views have been studied by descriptive-analytical method. Herder's philosophy of history is based on the principle of the dynamics of history and this dynamism is the result of movement and dynamism of human nature as a result of movement and dynamism of his thinking and thought.Herder believes in the historical nature of thought, and consequently in language, culture, religion, and all human dignity in general and considers all nations to share in the realization of a common goal, namely "humanity", according to their historical circumstances. Hence,as one of the historical philosophers, he criticizes the position of Enlightenment thinkers and opposes the common view of this age, which saw modern reason as the benchmark for measuring all things.The research hypothesis is that everyone considers non-historical thinking to be abstract, unrealistic and incapable of understanding the historical and cultural facts of each historical period and he believes that correct understanding is historical understanding. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
270 - Explain the evolution of Islamic Revolution in Isfahan between years (1340- 1347 Solar)
Seyyed Alireza Abtahi Kimya KishtiaraThe early sixties, solar, the future development of the area around the Islamic Revolution in Iran, including Isfahan the 1340 to 1347 calendar years confronting the rise of the Pahlavi regime and the opposition, especially religious groups were combined under the leade MoreThe early sixties, solar, the future development of the area around the Islamic Revolution in Iran, including Isfahan the 1340 to 1347 calendar years confronting the rise of the Pahlavi regime and the opposition, especially religious groups were combined under the leadership of Imam Khomeini. It should be noted that the 15 June 1342, was a turning point in the campaign. Thus, this paper aims to examine the role of popular struggles in the face of Militant Clergy in response to the question of the revolutionary developments in the years 1340 to 1347, in what way, and what will change? The string is written and it has been tried to date techniques and analytical methods relying on information obtained from documents and historical texts and oral interviews explore the evolution of the people's struggle. The current hypothesis is that the political, cultural, and ideological manner is clearly evident. Looks at the status of the clergy, public or religious seminary; Public campaigns and comprehensive and widely supported by various groups such as teachers, students, traders and merchants was formed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
271 - Exploring the Traits and Behaviors of Spiritual Followers Using Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference Systems
Syyad Mehdi Alvani Golamreza Memarzadeh Tehran Mahmood Alborzi Hosein KazemiWith the entry of spirituality in the research of organizations and management, a considerable improvement has occurred. For a long time, spirituality excluded from surveying, but increasing research showed that it related to and integrated a lot of results in individua MoreWith the entry of spirituality in the research of organizations and management, a considerable improvement has occurred. For a long time, spirituality excluded from surveying, but increasing research showed that it related to and integrated a lot of results in individual, organizational and society levels. Recent studies in the realm of spirituality and spiritual leadership, only paid attention to spiritual leader and spiritual workplace, and ignored the roles of followers in leadership equation. This paper, with a developmental approach, and after using experts' opinions, aims to identify the traits and behaviors of spiritual followers and explore the roles of them in the leadership effectiveness. After analyzing data, using adaptive neural fuzzy inference systems, the results show that followers' virtue, critical thinking, active engagement, self-awareness and altruism have a significance role in exploring leadership effectiveness and the roles of followers' maturity and self-esteem, in leadership effectiveness, are not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
272 - Spiritual Leadership Diamond In Iran Civil Service
gholam reza memarzadeh mehdi saneiSuccess or failure of organizations largely depends on the quality of their leadership. In order to achieve organizational goals, leaders utilize certain techniques and features, some of which have unique characteristics while others display special behaviors. The succe MoreSuccess or failure of organizations largely depends on the quality of their leadership. In order to achieve organizational goals, leaders utilize certain techniques and features, some of which have unique characteristics while others display special behaviors. The success of some techniques and features depends on their followers. In recent years, new approaches of leadership have been introduced including transformational leadership, servant leadership, and charismatic attributes. Among the new approaches to leadership, spiritual leadership has gained particular significance. In this article, the concepts and dimensions of spiritual leadership are reviewed and characteristics of spiritual leaders in Iran civil service from the experts’ perspective are examined. At the end, using exploratory factor analysis, characteristics of spiritual leaders in Iran civil service have been reduced and grouped into five classes. These classes are: respect to organization benefits, respect to employee benefits, respect to society benefits, individual characteristics, and respect to self. The sum of these characteristics will form the spiritual leadership diamond. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
273 - Recognizing and Describing the Desirable Model of Workplace Spirituality, Customer Relationship Management and Quality of Work Life
Hojat Shahrokhi Masoud Pourkiani Saeed Sayadi Sanjar Salajegheh Ayoob SheikhyThe present study aims to identify and describe the desirable pattern of workplace spirituality, customer relationship management and quality of work life in the social security organization of Kerman province. The research method is based on the purpose of applied and MoreThe present study aims to identify and describe the desirable pattern of workplace spirituality, customer relationship management and quality of work life in the social security organization of Kerman province. The research method is based on the purpose of applied and developmental research and in terms of collecting data from the category Descriptive-correlation research. The statistical population of this research was employed by employees of Social Security Insurance Organization of Kerman province with 208 people and random sampling method proportional to population size and sample size 132. The instrument of measurement and measurement in this research is a standard questionnaire. For structural validity, factor analysis has been used and for reliability estimation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, structural reliability and composite stability have been used which have obtained appropriate grades. In order to test the research questions and perform statistical analysis and presenting the model, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (using structural equation (SEM)) and SPSS and AMOS software were used. The results of the research in the proposed model showed that the spirituality of the work environment has a positive and significant effect on the quality of working life, with direct effect and indirectly through the management of customer relationship with the social security organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
274 - The Relationship between Organizational Spirituality and Organizational Citizenship Behavior with Organizational Performance
Abolghasem Barimani Mohammad Rezei PajiThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between organizational spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior with organizational performance of Agricultural Bank Branches East Province in Mazandaran. The research applied in terms of purpose and me MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between organizational spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior with organizational performance of Agricultural Bank Branches East Province in Mazandaran. The research applied in terms of purpose and method was descriptive, correlational one. The statistical population consisted of all staff members of the Agricultural Bank Branches East Province in Mazandaran. (N= 140). The statistical sample was 103 participants that determined by the Krejci and Morgan formula and selected by stratified random sampling according to gender. Data were gathered by using three standard questionnaires: organizational spirituality, organizational citizenship behavior and organizational performance questionnaires. Their reliability was calculated to 0.76, 0.88 and 0.75 respectively by the use of Cronbach Alpha. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that there is a positive and significant correlation between organizational spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior with the organizational performance. Also, the contribution of each dimension of organizational spirituality and organizational citizenship is different in predicting organizational performance of employees Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
275 - Considering optimum level of organizational spirituality in relation with maximizing employees performance in Qazvin
Abdol Reza Miri Fatemeh Agha Zadeh Rohollah NoriSubject of organizational spirituality is among new organizational discussions that survey in this field and its effect onemployee’s performance was considered by researchers. The main aim of this research is recognizing factors oforganizational spirituality which MoreSubject of organizational spirituality is among new organizational discussions that survey in this field and its effect onemployee’s performance was considered by researchers. The main aim of this research is recognizing factors oforganizational spirituality which performing them in organization will increase employees performance and is consideredaccording to elements as teams sense of community, alignment with organizational values, sense of contribution to society,enjoyment at work, opportunities for inner life, in Qazvin province office and dependent units by ranking accidental samplingway. Recognizing relation kind between organizational spirituality factors and optimum level of employees’ performance ismeasured by linear and non-linear regression test and equations system of linear and non-linear and estimating mathematicsfunction and differentiation. Final results had shown that some organizational spirituality factors have direct and linearrelationship with employees’ performance and some other has indirect relationship. So managers and authorities should payattention to developing organizational spirituality to maximizing employees’ performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
276 - Examining the Mixing Plan and the Results of the Plastic Concrete
Abolfazl Ostovarzijerdi Akbar Ghanbari Mohammad Karkon -
Open Access Article
277 - The Effectiveness of Teaching Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence on Increasing the Psychological Well-Being and Self-Control in Hamedan Girl's Students
karim Afsharinia Zohreh SoozaniAbstract Today, the subject of emotional intelligence for communicating with others and spiritual intelligence in order to communicate with the extramarital world, as two important cognitive emotional approach, plays a significant role in psychological well-being and se MoreAbstract Today, the subject of emotional intelligence for communicating with others and spiritual intelligence in order to communicate with the extramarital world, as two important cognitive emotional approach, plays a significant role in psychological well-being and self-control of adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of teaching emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence on the increase of psychological well-being and self-esteem psychological among eleven-year-old girl students in Hamedan. The research method was semi-experimental with control and experimental group. The population of this study was 350 people. The sample of this study was 200 Hamedan girl students that selected by multistage cluster sampling method. The number of students was randomly assigned 20 persons to the control group and the experimental group. The tools used in this study was questionnaire Reef psychological well-being, self-control questionnaire Tanjy, Drmany_Mvzshy . The results showed that emotional intelligence training affects students' psychological well-being and their self-control (P <0.05). Also Spiritual intelligence training affects students' psychological well-being and their self-control (P <0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
278 - A review of the nature and components of spiritual intelligence, its development strategies and educational effects
Faeze Etemadi Reza JafariharandiThe purpose of this research is to examine the experts' point of view about spiritual intelligence and its components. In this article, descriptive-analytical research method is used. Data collection has also been done by scanning and reviewing written sources including MoreThe purpose of this research is to examine the experts' point of view about spiritual intelligence and its components. In this article, descriptive-analytical research method is used. Data collection has also been done by scanning and reviewing written sources including books, articles, theses, documents and electronic sources. The results of the research show that the structure of spiritual intelligence is one of the new, attractive and controversial concepts that has been proposed and developed in the light of the interest of researchers, experts and especially psychologists in the field of religion and spirituality. In recent decades, researchers have come to the conclusion that intelligence is not only considered as a cognitive ability, but has expanded to other areas such as emotional intelligence, existential intelligence, spiritual intelligence, etc. What has caused the structure of spirituality to be conceptualized as intelligence is those observations and scientific findings that express the fact that the application of special patterns of thoughts, emotions and behavior in daily life can increase human adaptability and well-being. Spiritual intelligence can be clearly distinguished from other types of intelligence due to some inherent abilities and characteristics, such as the ability to enter transcendental states, the ability to identify immaterial dimensions and create a holistic view of life experiences. Also, the findings showed that in Islamic texts, much attention has been paid to the component of spiritual intelligence, and many of the commands that have been paid attention to in the Islamic religion are for the growth and development of human spiritual intelligence. Spiritual intelligence can be increased with various attention exercises, reshaping emotions and strengthening moral behavior. Since these practices are not exclusive to a particular religion with specific spiritual training, adherence to any chosen spiritual practice will facilitate the growth of spiritual intelligence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
279 - Prediction of social growth based on spiritual growth and self-esteem in the sixth grade students of Azadshahr city
Marzieh Ghadimabadi Gholamreza Rezaie Reraji Ali Hoseinaie The aim of the present research was to predict social growth based on piritual growth and self-esteemre in sixth grade elementary students of Azadshahr city. The researh method was applied interm of purpose and interm of data collection descriptive- correlational More The aim of the present research was to predict social growth based on piritual growth and self-esteemre in sixth grade elementary students of Azadshahr city. The researh method was applied interm of purpose and interm of data collection descriptive- correlational. The statistical population of the present study consists of all sixth grade students of Azadshahr city, whose number is 1280. The sampling method in this study is a multi-stage cluster, and the sample size in this study was 295 based on Morgan's table. The research tools were Silver's social growth questionnaire (2001), Cooper and Smith's self-esteem questionnaire (1963), and the spirituality measurement questionnaire of Hall and Edwards (1986). In order to analyze data in inferential analysis, correlation and regression were used with spss22 software. The findings showed that spiritual growth and self-esteem predict the social growth of the sixth grade students of Azadshahr city And 28% of social growth can be predicted based on spiritual growth and self-esteem. Therefore, by teaching the methods of increasing spiritual growth and self-esteem to school officials and students' families, it is possible to help their social growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
280 - The relation between spiritual wellbeing, life satisfaction and academic achievement in girl and boy university students
Mahmoud Borjali Mahmoud Najafi Hassan Mansoie Far The aim of present research was to study the relation between spiritual well being, life satisfaction and academic achievement in girl and boy university students. The research me More The aim of present research was to study the relation between spiritual well being, life satisfaction and academic achievement in girl and boy university students. The research method was descriptive - correlational. The entire population of this study consisted of students of Islamic Azad University of Karaj 1388-89 were enrolled in the academic year. Participants were 500 students of Islamic Azad University Karaj Branch who were selected by multiple stage cluster sampling method. Instruments of this study were spiritual well being and life satisfaction questionnaires. The data were analyzed by correlation coefficient, regression analysis and independent t test. The results showed that there is a significant positive relation between spiritual well being and its components with life satisfaction. Also there is a significant positive relation between spiritual well being and academic achievement. The results of regression analysis showed that the Existential well being has more important and more significant role in prediction of life satisfaction and complains 42 presents of variance of life satisfaction. It’s not observed significant difference between girls and boys’ scores of spiritual well being and life satisfaction. Generally, the findings indicated the important role of Existential well being in life satisfaction. These results can be beneficial in planning for university students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
281 - Surveying the Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Goal Orientation on Test Anxiety of Students in the Second and Third Years of High
Hadi Abdi Ali Mahmoudi Khalil GhaffariThe aim of this study was to assess the relationship between spiritual intelligence and goal orientation for test anxiety among the second and third year secondary school students of Boroujerd. Research method is descriptive - correlation and estimated sample size is 30 MoreThe aim of this study was to assess the relationship between spiritual intelligence and goal orientation for test anxiety among the second and third year secondary school students of Boroujerd. Research method is descriptive - correlation and estimated sample size is 300 people that were selected in a multi-stage cluster random sampling. For measurement, three questionnaires of Badie spiritual intelligence, Baton et.al goal orientation and Driscoll’s test anxiety. To analyze data obtained, statistical method of simultaneous regression method was used. Results showed that 37 percent of students show test anxiety and there is a significant negative correlation between spiritual intelligence and mastery orientation and test anxiety and test anxiety can be predicted with more power using two variables of spiritual intelligence and mastery goal orientation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
282 - Simple and Multiple Relationships of constructive Environments with the Research Spirit of Graduate Students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Morteza Karami yaser garavand Mohammad KoohiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the simple and multiple relationship between constructive environments with the Research Spirit of Graduate Students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The research method was descriptive and correlational and population (475 MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the simple and multiple relationship between constructive environments with the Research Spirit of Graduate Students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The research method was descriptive and correlational and population (475) students of the faculty of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 135 of students (99 females and 36 males) were selected by Stratified random sampling based on Cochran formula. Instrument were included constructivism environments questionnaire and Research spirit. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the scale of constructivism environments and all the sub-components of the research Spirit, except for the sub-components of emphasis on previous knowledge. In addition, simple regression analysis showed that through constructivist environments, could predicted Research Spirit . Among the sub-components of constructivist environments, the three sub-components of the facilitator's role, the Formative assessment, and attention to different perspectives were able to predict the Research Spirit. Therefore, it is imperative that university professors take into account the constructivist approach Teachings to improve the student's spirit of research and, moreover, facilitate the flow of education and research rather than the transfer of information. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
283 - Designing and validating the pattern of formation of spiritual intelligence of female high school students in Tabriz
Elaheh Vakilzadeh Dizaji yousef Adib Zarrin Daneshvar Behnam TalebiThe present study was conducted to design and validate the pattern of formation of spiritual intelligence of female high school students. This research is of applied type and modeling which has been done by field method. The statistical population included 19142 female MoreThe present study was conducted to design and validate the pattern of formation of spiritual intelligence of female high school students. This research is of applied type and modeling which has been done by field method. The statistical population included 19142 female high school students in Tabriz in the academic year 1398-99. The sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan formula and 206 people were selected by cluster random sampling method. The instrument used was a researcher-made questionnaire which was used after confirming the face, content and structure validity and its reliability using Cronbach's alpha method. Cronbach's alpha for the whole questionnaire was equal to 0.928 which indicates a high internal consistency between the questions of the questionnaire. Also, the retest method was used to measure the external reliability of the questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient between the two tests (p = 0.001, r = 0.734) indicates the appropriate external reliability for the questionnaire.In this study,3 main components under the headings: context, process and consequences were identified as the main components in the formation of students' spiritual intelligence. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics and structural equation modeling were used using Spss and Amos software.The results showed that the proposed model has a good validity and all the obtained components can be used in designing the final model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
284 - Comparison of the effectiveness of group education based on mindfulness, Geshtalt theory and religious spiritual approach Islam oriented on psychological distress and quality of perceived marital relationship of Educable Intellectual Disability student's mothers
Nazila Mazruei Marziyeh. Alivandivafa. Naemeh MohebThe present study intended to compare the effectiveness of group education based on mindfulness, Geshtalt theory and religious spiritual approach Islam oriented on psychological distress and quality of perceived marital relationship of educable student's mothers . Metho MoreThe present study intended to compare the effectiveness of group education based on mindfulness, Geshtalt theory and religious spiritual approach Islam oriented on psychological distress and quality of perceived marital relationship of educable student's mothers . Method: This was a quasi-experimental research design with pretest, posttest, and a control group.The statistical population included all student's mothers With Educatable Intellectual Disability studying in elementary schools of Tabriz in 2020-2021 academic year, of whom 48 male students were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (12 each). Data were collected using Dass questionnaire and PRQC). first, a pre-test was administered to groups.Then , the first experimental group received Geshtalt theory for ten sessions, and the second experimental group received mindfulness for eight sessions and other group received religious spiritual approach Islam oriented for eleven swssion . After that, the post-test was administered to groups. Results by Covariance analysis showed that there isnt a significant difference between therapies in psychological distress but there is a significant difference between therapies in quality of perceived marital relationship Also, Mindfulness therapy had stronger effects than others therapy in reducing increasing quality of perceived marital relationship. Conclusion: mindfulness, Geshtalt theory and religious spiritual approach Islam can be utilized as complementary interventions for ameliorating the psychological problems of Educable Intellectual Disability student's mothers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
285 - the effectiveness of group education based on religious spiritual approach Islam oriented on psychological distress, Guilt and quality of perceived marital relationship of educable student's mothers
Nazila Mazruei Marziyeh. Alivandivafa. Naeimeh MohebThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the difference in effectiveness of group training based on Islam-oriented spiritual-religious approach on psychological disturbance, guilt and the perceived quality of marital relationship of mothers of intelle MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the difference in effectiveness of group training based on Islam-oriented spiritual-religious approach on psychological disturbance, guilt and the perceived quality of marital relationship of mothers of intellectually disabled students. This research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and control group design; the statistical population included all the mothers of Intellectually disability students in the academic year 1399-1400 who were studying in exceptional primary schools in Tabriz city, of these, 24 samples were selected in 1 experimental groups of 12 people and 1 control group of 12 people. According to the construction of the research and the current conditions (coronavirus), the purposeful sampling method was used to select the sample. The instruments which used were Doss psychological disturbance questionnaire (1995), guilt questionnaire (self-aware emotion) (1992) and Fletcher's perceived relationship quality scale (2002). One of the experimental groups received the mindfulness training program (8 sessions), the next group did not receive the Gestalt training program (10 sessions) and spiritual-religious approach (11 sessions) and the control group did not receive the training program. Multivariate covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings of this research showed that Group training based on the spiritual-religious approach of Islam is effective on psychological disturbance, guilt and perceived marital relationship quality of mothers of intellectually disability students. Based on the results obtained from this research, it can be concluded that group training based on the spiritual-religious approach based on Islam can be used as complementary interventions to reduce problems and improve the psychological problems of mothers of students with Intellectually disabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
286 - The concept and proof of the crime of rape in Iranian jurisprudence and law
Karim Khezr Nia Abbas Ali AkbariOne of the sexual and violent crimes in Iran's criminal law, which severely damages public modesty and has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of the victim, is the crime of rape, a crime that is never under this title in Iran's criminal laws. It has not MoreOne of the sexual and violent crimes in Iran's criminal law, which severely damages public modesty and has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of the victim, is the crime of rape, a crime that is never under this title in Iran's criminal laws. It has not been recognized, but under the influence of Islamic jurisprudence, it has been criminalized as forced and involuntary adultery. In this article, using library sources, the concept of the crime of rape is explained from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence and the doctrine of criminal law, and the legislative response and the way to prove it in the criminal process are examined. The result of the study shows that in the Islamic Penal Code approved in 2012, the most severe punishment, i.e. execution, is considered for the perpetrator of rape. In the criminal law of Iran, it is conceivable to limit the issue of rape only by a male offender against a female victim. Iran's legislator is facing many shortcomings in the issue of rape, so that many examples of the crime of rape in criminal law are silent or at least not commented on. Of course, compared to the law of 1370, the role of the judge's knowledge in proving the crime of adultery has been strengthened as one of the proofs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
287 - The effect of teaching positive thinking skills based on spiritual resources and religious beliefs on resilience and psychological well-being of mothers with autistic children
Abdollah rashidzadea Mansor Beyrami Toraj Touraghashemi Mirmahmod mirnasabThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching positive thinking skills based on spiritual resources and religious beliefs on resilience and psychological well-being of mothers with autistic children. The method of this research was quasi-experimental u MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching positive thinking skills based on spiritual resources and religious beliefs on resilience and psychological well-being of mothers with autistic children. The method of this research was quasi-experimental using a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population in this study consisted of all mothers with autistic children who referred to welfare centers in Tabriz in 1995. 30 people were selected by available sampling method. The instruments used in the study were the Reef Psychological Well-Being Scale and Richard Sonn's Fertility. Data obtained from research questionnaires were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
288 - Predicting the creativity of gifted teenagers with intelligence Abilities parenting styles, spiritual happiness and popularity in the family
Jafar Mamaghani GholamAli Afrooz Bagher Ghobari Bonab Sogand GhasemzadehThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between creativity and cognitive abilities of gifted teenager and test the threshold hypothesis. This research was a correlation study. In this research, the students studying in schools of the East Azarbaija MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between creativity and cognitive abilities of gifted teenager and test the threshold hypothesis. This research was a correlation study. In this research, the students studying in schools of the East Azarbaijan Province were selected as a study population and 125 first-year students of the first grade of Tizhoushan Allameh Tabataba'i in Bonab were selected in educational year of 97-96 study with purposeful sampling as a prototype. The fourth edition of Children's Wechsler Measurement Scale for adolescents was performed. All students studying in schools of East Azarbaijan Province were study population. 125 secondary male students of Allameh-Tabatabee Tizhoshan School in Bonab were chosen as our sample. Students were assessed through WISC-IV and 81 of them having IQ of 115 or more in one of indices of WISC-IV were chosen as the study’s sample. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and research instruments used in this study are: questionnaires of popularity of parents, spiritual happiness, parenting Styles, creativity test and WISC-IV. The results revealed that mother’s positive parenting styles (Beta 0/306), spiritual happiness (Beta 0/249) of environmental factors and FIQs (Beta 0/234) of cognitive factors are those that account for creativity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
289 - Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Phenological Traits, Grain Yield and Yield Components of Three Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivars
عباس Soleimani Fard H. Naseri Rad R. Naseri E. PiriTo evaluate the effect of bio-fertilize on yield and its components in maize cultivars, an split plot experiment based on randomized complete bock design with three replications in was conducted in Payam-noor University of Ilam, Iran, in 2009-2010. Treatments were culti MoreTo evaluate the effect of bio-fertilize on yield and its components in maize cultivars, an split plot experiment based on randomized complete bock design with three replications in was conducted in Payam-noor University of Ilam, Iran, in 2009-2010. Treatments were cultivar (SC604, SC704 and SC807) assigned to main plots and bio-fertilizer (non- inoculation, inoculation with Azetobacter, Azospirillum and dual inoculation ofAzotobacterand Azospirillum) to subplots. The effect of cultivar on days to maturity, plant height, dry matter, ear length, stem diameter, number of grain per ear row, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and protein content was significant cultivar. SC 704 had the highest dry matter (259.5 g.m-2), plant height (201.1 cm), number of grain per ear row (42.8 grain), grain yield (10850 kg.m-2), and biological yield (22040 kg.m-2). The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on all traits expect harvest index was significant. Dual inoculation ofAzotobacterand Azospirillum had the longest days to ear initiation (71.2 days), days to maturity (115.4 day), number of leaves above ear (5.6 ear), dry matter (240.4 g.m-2), ear length (24.3 cm), plant height (212.4 cm), seed number of rows per ear (14.5 row), number of grains per row (44.2 grain), grain yield (10190 kg.m-2), biological yield (21320 kg.m-2) and protein content (10.7%). Interaction effect of cultivar× plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on grain yield was significant. The highest and lowest grain yield was obtained from SC 704 and application of dual inoculation ofAzotobacterand Azospirillum (12320 kg.ha-1) and lowest from SC 604 when inoculation treatments were not used 7570 kg.ha-1 respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
290 - Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria and Irrigation Levels on Physiological Traits and Yield of Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)
Sanaz Rajabi Khamseh Abdolrazagh Danesh-Shahraki Mohammad Rafieiolhossaini Keramatollah Saeedi Mahdi GhobadiniaTo evaluate the effects of plant growth promoting bacteria and irrigation levels on some physiological traits and yield of flax, a split-plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agricultural MoreTo evaluate the effects of plant growth promoting bacteria and irrigation levels on some physiological traits and yield of flax, a split-plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agricultural Faculty of Shahrekord University in 2015. The main factor was three irrigation levels (100 % of full irrigation as control, 75 and 50 % of full irrigation) and the sub-factor was seven levels of plant growth promoting bacteria (no inoculation as control and inoculation with Bacillus SP. strain1, Bacillus SP. strain2, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Azotobacter Chroococcum, Pseudomonas putida and Azospirillium lipoferum). The interaction effect of irrigation and bacterial inoculation on relative water content, cell membrane stability, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, water use efficiency, number of capsules per plant, 1000 grain weight and seed yield were significant but non significant on seed number per capsule. The highest amounts of measured traits in each irrigation level were related to the bacterial treatments. The highest seed yield (with 62% increase) was obtained from Bacillus sp. strain1 in treatment and 100% of full irrigation as compared to that of control. According to the results of main effect of irrigation on number of seeds per capsule, full irrigation treatment resulted in highest number of grain per capsule as compared to the other levels. Among bacterial treatments, B. Amyloliquefaciens had the highest significant number of seeds per capsule, as compared with no inoculation treatment. The effects of treatments of Bacillus SP. strain1, B. amyloliquefaciens and A. Chroococcum treatments were more pronounced as compared to other bacterial treatments traits studied under normal and stress conditions. According to the results of this research, flax seed treatment with plant growth promoting bacteria is recommended flax seed production under water deficit conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
291 - Ecophysiological Investigation of Intercropping of Maize (Zea mays L.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) under the Influence of Biofertilizers
auob amiri Mahmood Ramrodi Mohammad Galavi Masoud RafieeTo study the management of different systems of maize (Zea mays) and cow pea (Vigna unguiculata) intercropping affected by biofertilizers in alley cropping, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design was conducted in 2016 in Aleshtar city, Lore MoreTo study the management of different systems of maize (Zea mays) and cow pea (Vigna unguiculata) intercropping affected by biofertilizers in alley cropping, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design was conducted in 2016 in Aleshtar city, Lorestan province. The main factor consisted of plant cropping ratios: single cropping of maize (M1), 75% maize + 25% vigna (M2), 50% maize + 50% vigna (M3), 25% maize + 75% vigna (M4), and single cropping of vigna (M5) and the second factor of different combination of biofertilizer consumptions: seed inoculation with 100 g.ha-1 azetobacteria and azospirilum (B1), seed inoculation with 200 g.ha-1 azetobacteria and azospirilum (B2) and without seed inoculation (B3). Results showed that the maize and cowpea yields and their components were influenced by crops and biofertilizer ratios significantly. Highest maize and vigna yields (11350 and 3250 kg.ha-1 respectively) were obtained by 75% maize + 25% vigna treatment. The highest yields of maize and vigna (11850 kg and 3450 kg.ha-1 respectively) were obtained by seed inoculation with 200 g.ha-1 bacteria. The highest land equivalent ratio (LER) with an average of 1.55 was observed with cropping ratio of 75% maize + 25% vigna. This indicates the usefulness of intercropping compared with single croppings of these two plants. It can be concluded that the best treatment in this study was 75% maize+ 25% vigna intercropping and seed inoculation with 200 g.ha-1 bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
292 - Religious Developments in the Contemporary World with an emphasis on new religions and spirituality
MohamadMasood SaeediIt is an imperfect inquiry to study religious changes in contemporary Iran without considering new religious movements in the world. In this essay, the most important characteristics of religious developments in contemporary world are studied from a global perspective i MoreIt is an imperfect inquiry to study religious changes in contemporary Iran without considering new religious movements in the world. In this essay, the most important characteristics of religious developments in contemporary world are studied from a global perspective in order to recognize the main trend of these changes. Here, using the method of logical analysis of and inference from knowledge gathered in the realm of sociology of religion, the characteristics of new religious movements and their possible trends are identified. Some of these characteristics include: the proliferation of movements that are undogmatic, unregulated and unstructured, personal experience as the measure of truth claims, the notion of religion as a self-revising system, the principle of salvation without intermediaries, multiple membership, and the goal of liberating humanity, either through self-knowledge, which includes understanding the self as part of the universal Self, or through self-transformation through transformation of the world, as in engaged spirituality.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
293 - The investigation of social factors related to the technical students’ entrepreneurship spirit in Mahabad Islamic Azad University
Mir Mohammad Jamal Abdullahi Firouz Rad Siroos FakhrayiThe main goal of this study is the investigation of social factors related to the technical students’ entrepreneurship spirit in Mahabad Islamic Azad University. The research method is descriptive and statistical sample are 336 students from different levels who w MoreThe main goal of this study is the investigation of social factors related to the technical students’ entrepreneurship spirit in Mahabad Islamic Azad University. The research method is descriptive and statistical sample are 336 students from different levels who were selected by random sampling. Research-made questionnaire of the entrepreneurship spirit was used to gather the data, and the data analyzed in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS. Results show that there is a meaningful relationship between students’ entrepreneurship spirit and different components of social factors such as parents’ education level, university major, membership in social networks, the level of training, amount of study and marital status. Also, there isn’t a meaningful relationship between students’ entrepreneurship spirit and other components of social factors such as maternal education level, use of internet, gender, income, location, educational level, parents’ job. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
294 - Exploring the ways to improve organizational spirituality among the faculty and staff of Islamic Azad University (district 13)
omidali hoseinzade Sohrab YazdaniThis research was conducted to present a model for promotion oforganizational spirituality in district 13 of Islamic Azad University (IAU). The aims of this research are to identify the important factors of organizational spirituality, to propose a model of organization MoreThis research was conducted to present a model for promotion oforganizational spirituality in district 13 of Islamic Azad University (IAU). The aims of this research are to identify the important factors of organizational spirituality, to propose a model of organizational spirituality and to determine the degree of relevance. The research method is descriptive and random selection classification method was used for sampling. Morgan Table was used to determine the number of selected sample, which were 351 individuals. A researcher–made questionnaire was prepared, the validity of which was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was estimated using Cronbach’s Alfa (0.98). Using SPSS, the collected data analysed by Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Test, CroiteBartlet Test, factor- analysis, independent T-test, Varimax Turning Technique,Fredman Test. Seven factors of (1-better self-awareness 2-sense of meaning in work 3-affinity with organizational values 4-superego leadership 5-sense of solidarity 6-excellent awareness 7-ciritical existence thinking) which explained organizational spirituality selected as the main factors and these factors represent 98 percent of the whole variance. A model of organizational spirituality which consisted of five components of philosophy and objectives, theoretical base, conceptual framework, structure and executive plan, evaluation and feedback system was proposed. The proposed model has the evaluation score of 85 out of 100 which shows the validity of "very much" in a Likert scale. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
295 - Great spiritual thinkers impact on socio-political developments in Iran between two revolutions (from 1285 to 1357)
Samad Abedini Samad Rasolzadeh Amir KhoshalThe aim of this paper is to clarify the constitutional position of great spiritual leaders who had comparative- historical nature in seventy years of Mashroteh either officially or unofficially. This has been done by using information gathered through the study of liter MoreThe aim of this paper is to clarify the constitutional position of great spiritual leaders who had comparative- historical nature in seventy years of Mashroteh either officially or unofficially. This has been done by using information gathered through the study of literature, texts, references, various documents and first and second hand sources whether written or non-written. Also this study is to investigate these elites’ effect on the political and social changes of that time and the role of ruling power. Through the social changes our society was despotic, underdeveloped and nomadic, where king was the only power and people were illiterate and popular, but Qajar kings required gaining the approval of religious scholars and clergymen (who were one of the most influential groups in the society after Safavids) in order to have political legitimacy. At that time political power was legitimated only with the support and approval of clergymen and despite the revolution against these functions, because of the lack of strong central government and the absence of a standing army they could not make fundamental and structural changes in Iran. In Pahlavi’s time clergymen were totally excluded from political legitimacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
296 - Empirical phenomenology of heterosexual interactions(Case study: students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran)
ali yousefi seyed zahra kazemi yazdi Mostafa GanizadehSexual desire and sexual interaction with the opposite sex, as one ofthe first natural desires of human beings, is satisfied through definitenorms of different cultures, mainly marriage. However, some of theheterosexual relationships happen outside of the marital framew MoreSexual desire and sexual interaction with the opposite sex, as one ofthe first natural desires of human beings, is satisfied through definitenorms of different cultures, mainly marriage. However, some of theheterosexual relationships happen outside of the marital framework; theyare regulated based on personal norms and continued with differentmethods of justification and secrecy. The current paper aims to identifythe motivations of premarital heterosexual relationships by means ofphenomenological analysis of premarital heterosexual experiences amongstudents of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. 22 students were selectedas participants of the study. Five types of relationship with the oppositesex, namely, verbal relationship without affection, one-sided emotionalrelationship, mutual emotional relationship, emotional-physicalrelationship and emotional-sexual relationship were selected as a basis tocreate five general meanings of “opportunity motivation, experiencing adifferent relationship, desire for marriage, love and belonging, and sexualpleasure”. The results indicate that, sexual and social needs areintertwined; and this interlinking and its subsequent justifications havecreated a positive coverage for these types of premarital relationships tocontinue among participants. Moreover, sexual differences andsociocultural situations are among the factors which influence theformation of heterosexual relationships, matching different types ofmotivations and relationships among two sexes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
297 - Examination of the relationship between lifestyle (health-based) and cultural capital among students of Hadishahr Islamic Azad University
Davood Hasanzadeh Yamchi Mohammad bagher Alizadeh AghdamLifestyle is being discussed nowadays by social scientists in different areas. Lifestyle is a style of life of the person or group that includes patterns of social relations, consumption, leisure, as well as attitudes and values. The present study examines the relation MoreLifestyle is being discussed nowadays by social scientists in different areas. Lifestyle is a style of life of the person or group that includes patterns of social relations, consumption, leisure, as well as attitudes and values. The present study examines the relationship between cultural capital and lifestyle (health-based) among students of Islamic Azad University of HadiShahr. Thisstudy is a functional and cross-correlation and its method is survey. The population of the study consisted of all students in University who are 1800 students among whom 317 students was selected by Cochran formula as the sample of the study. Two questionnaires of LSQ lifestyleand cultural capital were used to collect data.In this study, ten hypotheses proposed that the findings show that there is a meaningful relationship between sports and fitness, weight control and nutrition, disease prevention, mental health, social health, spiritual health, avoiding drugs, alcohol and drugs, prevention of accidents as the dimensions of health-based lifestyle and cultural capital. But there isn’t a meaningful relationship between physical health and environmental health and social capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
298 - Investigating the relationship between Spiritual Leadership and intellectual capital with professional ethics of school administrators in Azar Shahr
Zahra Abbaspour Omid Ali HosseinzadehThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating therelationship between Spiritual Leadership and intellectual capital withprofessional ethics of school administrators in Azar Shahr. The presentstudy is a descriptive-correlative study and based on the purpose, MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating therelationship between Spiritual Leadership and intellectual capital withprofessional ethics of school administrators in Azar Shahr. The presentstudy is a descriptive-correlative study and based on the purpose, is anapplied. The statistical population of the study was 273 administratorsand deputies of schools in Azar shahr region, of which 167 were maleand 106 were female. A sample of 160 students was selected using theMorgan table, of which 98 men and 62 women were selected by stratifiedrandom sampling. Data collection tools consisted of Spiritual LeadershipQuestionnaire (Frye et al., 2005), Intellectual Capital Inventory (Bontis,1998) and Professional Ethics Questionnaire (Ghasmzadeh et al., 2014).To analyze the hypotheses, Pearson correlation coefficient and multipleregressions were used simultaneously. The results showed that, there is arelationship between spiritual leadership and professional ethics of schooladministrators in Azar Shahr (p<0.05). Also, there is a relationshipbetween intellectual capital and professional ethics of schooladministrators (p<0.05). The spiritual leadership regression coefficient(β=0.265) and intellectual capital (β=0.805) were significant onprofessional ethics according to the significance of t-test and it showedthat spiritual leadership and intellectual capital can predict professionalethics significantly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
299 - Legal analysis of the nature of spiritual damage and the ways of compensating of it in the light of the jurisprudence
hamed rostami najafabadi mehdi naserIn the present era, with the development of the technology and the expansion of facilities, the occurrence of damage and, consequently, the creation of harm is inevitable. But the loss of belonging is usually property or material phenomena, but it must be acknowledged t MoreIn the present era, with the development of the technology and the expansion of facilities, the occurrence of damage and, consequently, the creation of harm is inevitable. But the loss of belonging is usually property or material phenomena, but it must be acknowledged that in certain cases it may not be the loss of material and tangible things, but the dignity , honor, or emotions and feelings can also be considered to be a disadvantage. Most of the lawsuits bringing to the courts involve a claim for damages and losses beyond legal fees, such as the cost of treatment, disability, and spiritual damage disputes. Because in the current world, on one hand, the financial consequences of this kind of damage are much heavier than in the past, and in most legal systems of the contemporary world, the injured is responsible and guarantor for the compensation of all the damages caused by this injury. In the legal system of Iran, despite the fact that there are stigmatizations of spiritual damages in different codes, many courts still in practice refuse to issue the compensation for spiritual damages.In this article, while investigating the concept of spiritual damages, we will see how these losses are compensated for, and, in the end, why the courts have doubts about the issue of compensation for damages, and there will be some suggestions for making these courts removed of the doubt. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
300 - Jurisprudential Meditations in the Age of the Spirit in the Fetus with Emphasis on Qur'anic Revelations
farideh tajfar Maryam Aqai Bejestani mohammad rohanyabstractJurisprudential Meditations in the Age of the Spirit in the Fetus with Emphasis on Qur'anic Revelations The insoul of spirit into the fetus is the beginning of the inhalation of the divine spirit in the human body, Which is legally the source of important works. MoreabstractJurisprudential Meditations in the Age of the Spirit in the Fetus with Emphasis on Qur'anic Revelations The insoul of spirit into the fetus is the beginning of the inhalation of the divine spirit in the human body, Which is legally the source of important works. Therefore, it is necessary to address the age of insoul of spirit into the fetus, That has been the subject of some religious law as well, and the scrutiny of the jurists seems necessary. Famous jurisprudents consider the age of the insoul of spirit into the fetus to be 4 months old. But there are opinions about five and six months. In this descriptive-analytical essay, the author, while examining the arguments of all subjects, considers Sheikh Mofid's theory of the insoul of spirit into the fetus to be strong at six months And by referring to the interpretative points of verses 12-14 of Surat al-Mumounon on the stages of creation, he brings the Sheikh's vote is close to reality.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
301 - Analyzing Islamic Jurists' Viewpoints About Abortion, Concerning Health of Mother and Fetus
nasrin Fatahi mohammad mousavi moghadam maryam khademiAbortion is a major social problem in the present time. If pregnancy is life-threatening for mother or fetus, can abortion be allowed? Sunni Islamic jurisprudents have different opinions about abortion before breathing spirit, but all of them believe that it is normally MoreAbortion is a major social problem in the present time. If pregnancy is life-threatening for mother or fetus, can abortion be allowed? Sunni Islamic jurisprudents have different opinions about abortion before breathing spirit, but all of them believe that it is normally unlawful after breathing the spirit. Imamiyeh Islamic jurisprudents believe that abortion without any reason is unlawful both before and after breathing the spirit. Most Islamic jurisprudents allow abortion before as well as after breathing the spirit if pregnancy is life-threatening for mother. If the fetus is malformed and its maintenance causes distress and constriction, some of the Sunni and Imamiyeh Islamic jurisprudents allow its abortion only before breathing the spirit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
302 - Reading out Indemnification of Spiritual Perdition's Juridical Bases with Approach of Spousal's Spiritual Rights
masoumeh mazaheri maryam mohajeriIndemnification of perdition is important issue that recognized as basic and foundational stone of the civil responsibility Although the essentiality of indemnification of the spiritual perdition, civil responsibility of law accordance, is common essentiality and it can MoreIndemnification of perdition is important issue that recognized as basic and foundational stone of the civil responsibility Although the essentiality of indemnification of the spiritual perdition, civil responsibility of law accordance, is common essentiality and it can extended to the family. But this law is not sufficient for indemnification of spousal spiritual perdition. Because of certainly it has spoken that people should accept indemnification of spiritual and materialist perdition, However, Strategies that adopted about indemnification of spousal spiritual perdition should be imposed in direction of honor the family, with this point that the nature of the family with other organic systems is different. This research is intended to answer to this question: Has the Iranian legal system a juridical capacity that consider to indemnification of spiritual perdition and indemnification ways in the statute? With review and contemplation in the jurisprudence bases, we can say that: indemnification of spousal spiritual perdition is possible but unfortunately, existing assurances couldn't protect and keep family, because of this issue doesn’t known very well and most of time had minor and trivial point in some laws. So paying attention to it in spousal relationship is essential and important, because of with effective and useful strategies can enacted some laws that keep family nature and restore spousal perdition. Identify examples of spiritual perdition in spousal's spiritual rights and providing appropriate practical solutions with using juridical capacity to spiritual perdition in direction of protect the rights of spouses with the purpose of the family bonds and bases are Innovations of this essay. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
303 - Investigating the spiritual element of the crime of Insult to the Prophet (s)
ardavan arzhang hosian haghani khahThe spiritual element, along with the legal element and the legal element, are considered as elements of criminal responsibility. The spiritual element of the crime (criminal intent) usually does not often have a physical appearance. The realization of this element is m MoreThe spiritual element, along with the legal element and the legal element, are considered as elements of criminal responsibility. The spiritual element of the crime (criminal intent) usually does not often have a physical appearance. The realization of this element is more important in some crimes, especially in the crime of Sabb al-Nabi, which is punishable by life. In the crime of blasphemy, the general intention is the will and intention of blasphemy and insult, which, of course, ridicule, anger, drunkenness and reluctance, are violations of this will and intention, and are partially the abolition of the death penalty. As for special malice, because slander is an insult, its specific intention is to insult the intention of humiliating and humiliating another. This study examines the jurisprudence of general and specific intent of this crime and has a critical look at the Islamic Penal Code.this crime and has a critical look at the Islamic Penal Code. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
304 - Research In the spiritual element of the Prophet's (PBUH) crime
Arjang Ardovan hossin- haghanhiThe spiritual element, along with the legal element, is considered as one of the elements of criminal responsibility. The spiritual element of the crime (criminal intent) usually and often does not have a physical appearance. Verification of this element is more importa MoreThe spiritual element, along with the legal element, is considered as one of the elements of criminal responsibility. The spiritual element of the crime (criminal intent) usually and often does not have a physical appearance. Verification of this element is more important in some crimes, especially in the crime of sab al-nabi, which is punishable by death. In the crime of blasphemy, the general intention is the will and intention of insulting, which of course mockery, anger, drunkenness and reluctance are violators of this will and intention, and relatively and with conditions, they are amenable to the death penalty, although in some cases, Ta'zir punishment is not removed. In the case of special malice, because sabba is a kind of insult, its specific intention is to humiliate and humiliate. This research has investigated the jurisprudence of the general intention and the specific intention of this crime and also takes a critical look at the Islamic Penal Code. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
305 - To Compensate Spiritual Loss Caused by Losses Surplus to Blood- Money
Zahra Fehresti Mansoureh Fasih RmanandiDiscussing about spiritual loss and its calculation and compensation method is one of the most interesting matters and intricate issues of law and legal researches too. In spite of suitable background in legal texts for the possibity of compensating spiritual loss, the MoreDiscussing about spiritual loss and its calculation and compensation method is one of the most interesting matters and intricate issues of law and legal researches too. In spite of suitable background in legal texts for the possibity of compensating spiritual loss, the majority of law courts avoid to judge about spiritual losses demand. One of the cases of spiritual losses is the loss surplus to blood-money, since each person loses different physical and spiritual benefits due to physical damages. It should be mentioned that paying blood-money is not sufficient for compensation of some damages. It would be a disputable issue in the legal law courts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
306 - Jurisprudential and legal feasibility of criminal protection of spiritual heritage by looking at international documents
karen rohani Sharid Bitarafan reza nasiri larimiSpiritual heritage, as an intangible type of cultural heritage, refers to the set of beliefs, beliefs, customs, traditions, arts and performances of a nation or society, which are rooted in their history and culture and are respected and honored by the people of that na MoreSpiritual heritage, as an intangible type of cultural heritage, refers to the set of beliefs, beliefs, customs, traditions, arts and performances of a nation or society, which are rooted in their history and culture and are respected and honored by the people of that nation or society. Despite Iran's accession to the Spiritual Heritage Convention (2003) and the commitment to protect this heritage, the lack of separate regulations for the protection and protection of spiritual heritage is an issue that has caused violations of this heritage to not be accompanied by appropriate legal responses. This research deals with the case of exploration in this regard with the theoretical method and tools of criminal law. The main question of this article focuses on the possibility or impossibility of criminal response to the transgressors of spiritual heritage in Iranian law, so that the possibility of criminal treatment of the perpetrators of violation of spiritual heritage in terms of criminal law and Islamic jurisprudence can be investigated. Finally, by examining the existing regulations and their compliance with the Convention on Intellectual Heritage as well as with the laws and practices of some countries, it has been concluded that by applying the existing regulations and providing a logical interpretation of the laws, only a few cases of violation can be criminally responded to. There is a spiritual heritage and the criminal protection of this heritage requires the development of comprehensive regulations and obstacles in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
307 - Spirit of Sharia and its Functions: Focusing on Imamiyah Criminal Jurisprudence
Adel Sarikhani Masoud NikparvarIn order to make inferences from divine law, Islamic jurists often refer to the letter of scripture and religiously-endorsed evidence in their isolated form or as a single proposition, whereas, other times, those who have a full command of the fundamental provisions aim MoreIn order to make inferences from divine law, Islamic jurists often refer to the letter of scripture and religiously-endorsed evidence in their isolated form or as a single proposition, whereas, other times, those who have a full command of the fundamental provisions aim to imitate the religious laws and grasp the overall spirit of the Sharia law, and assess the evidence through this holistic approach. Thus, the spirit of Sharia not only delineates the legislative will of the legislator, but it is also used by the jurists for interpretation of the legislator's will. In Imamiyah criminal jurisprudence, there are numerous references to the spirit or taste of Sharia. Islamic jurists have employed this concept in areas concerning issues with no textual evidence, the method for analysis of laws, the resolution of contradictions in laws, and the interpretation of religiously-endorsed evidence. The present study investigates and validates the concept of the spirit of Sharia, and explains its functions in criminal jurisprudence (criminalization), methods for interpretation of criminal subjects, and resolution of any possible contradictions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
308 - Alimony of the Wife and the Purposes of the Shari'a
Fatemeh Mahmoudi Aliakbar Izadifard Abedin MomeniOne of the important approaches in jurisprudential studies is to pay attention to the aims of the shari'a in the religious law, namely, to pay attention to the criteria and causes of the sentence, as well as its expedients and corruptness from the perspective of the leg MoreOne of the important approaches in jurisprudential studies is to pay attention to the aims of the shari'a in the religious law, namely, to pay attention to the criteria and causes of the sentence, as well as its expedients and corruptness from the perspective of the legislator of islam. In such a way that purposes and causes of the sentences, not have constradictions with general nature of sharia of islam. According to the general aims of the shari'a in marriage, which is the formation of the family, the production of the generation and the creation of the human face, is not the livelihood and lust of the animal, and the partial purposes of the shari'a is in alimony, which is the provision of women's needs in the family. It can be said that first, alimony of spouse as a unilaterally duty is responsible for husband and only the disobedience of the wife prevents of countinuing. The alimony of the woman is related to the supply of material needs, health, spiritual, psychological, scientific and educational support to the strengthening of the family system and the proper education of children. Therefore, the determination of alimony in material matters such as housing, clothing and food is through tarighah and does not matter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
309 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of Group Training Based on Mindfulness, Gestalt Theory and Islam-oriented Spiritual-Religious Approach on the Perceived Marital Relationship Quality of Mothers of Mentally Retarded Students
nazila mazruei marziyeh. alivandivafa naeimeh moheb The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the difference in effectiveness of group training based on mindfulness, Gestalt theory and Islam-oriented spiritual-religious approach on perceived quality of marital relationship of mothers of intellectu More The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the difference in effectiveness of group training based on mindfulness, Gestalt theory and Islam-oriented spiritual-religious approach on perceived quality of marital relationship of mothers of intellectually disabled student. The statistical population included all the mothers of Intellectually disability students in the academic year 2020-2021 who were studying in exceptional primary schools in Tabriz city, of these, 48 samples were selected in 3 experimental groups of 12 people and 1 control group of 12 people. According to the construction of the research and the current conditions (coronavirus), the available sampling method was used to select the sample. The instruments which used was Fletcher's perceived relationship quality scale (2002). The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that group training based on mindfulness, gestalt and Islamic spiritual-religious approach is effective on the perceived marital relationship quality of mothers of mentally retarded students. Based on the results obtained from this research, it can be concluded that group training based on mindfulness, Gestalt theory and the spiritual-religious approach based on Islam can be used as complementary interventions to reduce problems and improve the marital relationship of mothers of students with Intellectually disabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
310 - Determining the Effectiveness of Spiritual Skills Training On General Health and Anxiety of Female High School Students in Tabriz
Niloufar Broumandzadeh Parviz Karimi SaniThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of spiritual skills training on general health and anxiety of female high school students. The statistical population of this research included all female Students of Tabriz high schools. In this research, two schoo MoreThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of spiritual skills training on general health and anxiety of female high school students. The statistical population of this research included all female Students of Tabriz high schools. In this research, two schools in two regions of Tabriz were selected by available sampling, and then, 30 students, with high scores on anxiety and problems in general health, and were assigned to two experimental and control groups. 15 Students in the experimental group participated in spiritual skills training sessions but 15 students in the control group did not receive any training. The instruments to collect the data were DASS and GHQ-28 questionnaires that were administered as the pretest and posttest. To analyze the data, covariance analysis was used. The results showed that spiritual skills training was effective on reducing anxiety and increasing general health of the students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
311 - Evaluation of the Experimental Sciences Curriculum of the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Grades of Primary School Based on Upstream Documents
Mansoor kazemzadeh Efat Abasi Gholamreza Hajihosseinnejad Gholamali AhmadyThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the existing status of the curriculum of the second grade primary science books based on upstream documents. The research method is a combination of consecutive exploration. The qualitative research sample in the Documentation s MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the existing status of the curriculum of the second grade primary science books based on upstream documents. The research method is a combination of consecutive exploration. The qualitative research sample in the Documentation section included all of the Upstream Documentary Education in the Elementary Secondary Science Course, and the Subjects included all Elementary Content and Education Experts in the Elementary Education and expert Experts in the Upstream Documentation. A small sample of all teachers was a member of the Unit of Experimental Science Curriculum Unit in Tehran. In the Document Analysis section, the criteria and components underlying the Secondary Education Experimental Curriculum were identified and categorized, and five categories of attention to basic competency-based targeting model, attention to technological literacy, were identified and categorized. , Attention to context-based approach, attention to the principle of active learner role, attention to the principle of credibility, and the role of teacher reference in the empirical science curriculum were purposefully selected and identified for subcategories related to each of the categories obtained from the upper hand documents. , With groups and experts in the relevant Curriculum Council Experts in the field of content in Science Education II, experts and practitioners associated with the design and formulation of the National Curriculum Document semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were developed to act Amdo ThlylMhtva forms. The findings of the study showed that the least attention to the empirical sciences curriculum is to technological literacy and the most attention to the principles of basic competencies. Self-evaluation, criticism, and rational thinking need more consideration and attention Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
312 - The Effectiveness of Using, Visual organization Knowledge, Understanding and Using the Empirical Concepts
Javad Mesrabadi Abolfazl Farid Zahra BaghbaniThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using visual organizers on the knowledge, understanding and application of the concepts of the sixth grade elementary experimental sciences. The research design used in this study was a quasi-experimental de MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using visual organizers on the knowledge, understanding and application of the concepts of the sixth grade elementary experimental sciences. The research design used in this study was a quasi-experimental design with post-test pretest with comparison groups in which the effectiveness of training based on the presentation of visual organizers on the three cognitive efficiencies of knowledge, perception, and application was evaluated. The subjects of this study were 120 sixth grade elementary school students in Bonab city who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method with validity and reliability. The subjects' learning rate before and after presenting the visual organizers in the groups, the teacher-made academic achievement test was valid and reliable. The results of data analysis using multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the use of video organizers during teaching and when reviewing and summarizing lessons, has a significant effect on increasing the learning of learners' cognitive domains. The findings of this study show the practical implications of using video organizers in the education process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
313 - A Study of hidden curriculum dimensions in first-grade female high-school teachers' method of teaching from the students' point of view
Sahar Alizadeh Niri Yousef AdibThe present research aimed of studying and comparing the hidden curriculum dimensions (negative outcomes) in biology, mathematics and literature lessonsfrom the female students' point of view in Ardabil city in 2011-2012. The statistical population included 4105 first-g MoreThe present research aimed of studying and comparing the hidden curriculum dimensions (negative outcomes) in biology, mathematics and literature lessonsfrom the female students' point of view in Ardabil city in 2011-2012. The statistical population included 4105 first-grade female students, out of which 352 students were chosen as sample size using Cochran's formula. The method of sampling was cluster sampling. To gather the data a researcher made questionnaire that had acceptable reliability and validity was used. The descriptive and inferential statistics (MANOVA) were used to analyse the data. The results showed that the hidden curriculum dimensions of teachers` method of teaching in biology mathematics and literature in terms of (scientific spirit, social skills, academic self-concept and attitude toward the lessons) were in the intermediate level. So it can be said that there was a significant difference among all hidden curriculum dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
314 - The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employee Creativity with the Mediating Role of Workplace Spirituality: A Case Study of Qom Preventive Police Staff
sayyad Darvishi Ebrahim Davoodi DehaghaniTransformational leadership, workplace spirituality and employee creativity are important issues in organizational management. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on employee creativity with the mediating role of workpl MoreTransformational leadership, workplace spirituality and employee creativity are important issues in organizational management. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on employee creativity with the mediating role of workplace spirituality. The present applied study was a descriptive-correlational one, conducted with a sample of 135 prevention police managers of Qom Disciplinary Command. Stratified simple random sampling method was used to select the sample. To collect the data, three standard questionnaires, including Bass et al. (2003), Torrance (1963) and Milliman et al. (2003) and to analyze the collected data, correlation coefficient tests, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were employed. The reliability of the instruments was checked using Cronbach's alpha and the validity of all components of the questionnaire was verified first through the formal method and then the confirmatory factor analysis. The findings showed that transformational leadership, has a positive direct effect on workplace spirituality (0.61) and on employee creativity (0.73) at a significant level of 0.001. Also, it was found that transformational leadership through workplace spirituality has an indirect significant effect (0.49) on employee creativity. Additionally, the results indicated that transformational leadership through workplace spirituality explains 0.31 of the changes in employee creativity at a significant level of 0.05 and therefore the application of transformational leadership style for the police managers of Qom Disciplinary Command is suggested to promote workplace spirituality and employee creativity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
315 - Designing a Model Explaining the Relationship of Spirituality in the Workplace with Human Resource and Organizational Performance
Mohammad Sabet Motlagh mehdi alvaniThe rapid spread of spirituality and religious beliefs in the new millennium has increased the importance of spirituality and its applications for governments, organizations and managers. One of the most significant issues in this regard is the role spirituality can pla MoreThe rapid spread of spirituality and religious beliefs in the new millennium has increased the importance of spirituality and its applications for governments, organizations and managers. One of the most significant issues in this regard is the role spirituality can play in promoting the workplace atmosphere. Thus, the aim of the present research was to design a model to assess the relationship between spirituality in workplace with human resource and organizational performance. To achieve the aim, the researchers first designed a conceptual model using relevant variables collected through a rich literature review and via exploratory factor analysis. Secondly, they examined the model using Structural Equation Modeling. The results of the questionnaires that were collected from a random sample of 217 workers at Allameh Tabataba'i University showed that trust in God, catering for human values of employees, fostering labor force creativity, felling a sense of meaningfulness of work and increasing organization productivity have the greatest impact on each of the latent variables of the model. Based on the values of CPR statistics, the set significant level and model fit indices, the research hypotheses were confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
316 - Investigating the Relationship between Spirituality in the Workplace and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in Kerman Martyr Organization
amin nikpour Alireza Manzari Tavakoli Seyyed Mohammadreza HosseininezhadIn the present era, the importance of the citizens as one of the vital resources of organizations has been perceived. Accordingly, their behavior can also be of importance. For this reason, many researchers have analyzed the citizenship behavior. On the other hand, the MoreIn the present era, the importance of the citizens as one of the vital resources of organizations has been perceived. Accordingly, their behavior can also be of importance. For this reason, many researchers have analyzed the citizenship behavior. On the other hand, the workplace is one of the factors that play a role in organizational citizenship behavior. Therefore, the purpose of the present research is to determine the relationship between spirituality in the workplace and organizational citizenship behavior among the personnel of Kerman Martyr Organization. The research is of descriptive-correlational type carried out as a survey. The statistical population consists of the personnel of Kerman Martyr Organization during 1389(2010). Random samplying was used to select 190 people as the subjects. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The data collection device for spirituality in the workplace was the standard questionnaire of Milliman et al, and to gather the data on organizational citizenship behavior, a researcher-devised questionnaire was used. The findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between the variables-spirituality in the workplace, sense of community, and alignment with the organization’s values-and organizational citizenship behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
317 - Investigating the effect of the transcendental leadership on organizational productivity with the emphasis on spirituality in in insurance organization in Gillan province
Reza Esmailpour hani nikookarProductivity means using the resources and possibilities oforganization in order to get hold of the goal with least materialexpenditure. In the changeful and turbulent world of today, productivityis one of important factors which can make difference among the rivalorgan MoreProductivity means using the resources and possibilities oforganization in order to get hold of the goal with least materialexpenditure. In the changeful and turbulent world of today, productivityis one of important factors which can make difference among the rivalorganizations. Motivating the employees to do the job with the highestquality and quantity increases the productivity. Transcendentalleadership and spirituality in the workplace is one of the mostchallenging factors in today's world. The research method was an applieddescriptive casual. To gather the data a questionnaire was used. Thestatistical population was 372 employees. Using Cochran formula thesample size was 189 employees. To analyze the data Pearson correlationand structure equation modeling were used. Spss 20 and lisrel 8.8.wereused Results showed that transcendental leadership having meaningfuland positive effect on the Spirituality in the Workplace andorganizational productivity. Also Result showed that Spirituality in theWorkplace having meaningful and positive effect on the organizationalproductivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
318 - Predict the performance of employees based on spirituality in the workplace and organizational support
Hamid Shafizadeh mehdi gilaToday, many organizations, especially education, are seeking to improve performance. Considering the high demand for products and services of organizations as well as enormous environmental changes, it is not only the products and how it is delivered, but also the use o MoreToday, many organizations, especially education, are seeking to improve performance. Considering the high demand for products and services of organizations as well as enormous environmental changes, it is not only the products and how it is delivered, but also the use of appropriate tools and measures for the organization's objectives towards human resources and organizational and operational goals such as the realization of organizational missions and There are more perspectives for organizing. Hence, attention has been paid to human factors in order to meet organizational goals and missions. In this research, the relationship between organizational support, spirituality in the workplace and organizational performance of education workers has been evaluated. In order to collect the required information, a questionnaire was given to 89 educational staff of Pakdasht city that were selected by simple random sampling method. To investigate the relationship between variables, regression analysis and correlation analysis were used. The results showed that improvement of organizational support and spirituality indices in the work environment improved organizational performance of employees; meanwhile, mediating spirituality in the workplace in the relationship between organizational support And performance has been confirmed. Also, the results of covariance analysis showed that the demographic characteristics of employees did not affect their organizational performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
319 - Spiritual Leadership Effectiveness Model Based on the Achievement of Organizational Behavior and Staff Productivity
Mehdi Alahverdizadeh Reza Khodaie MahmoodiResearch findings have supported the effectiveness of Spiritual Leadership Model at both individual and team levels in the raising production rate, organizational commitment, employee satisfaction and sales growth. The purpose of this study was, thus, to evaluate MoreResearch findings have supported the effectiveness of Spiritual Leadership Model at both individual and team levels in the raising production rate, organizational commitment, employee satisfaction and sales growth. The purpose of this study was, thus, to evaluate the effect of Spiritual Leadership based on the achievement of organizational citizenship behavior and productivity of employees. To serve the purpose, six null hypotheses were formulated in this correlational research study. The participants included all the employees working at Tabriz municipality. We gleaned the research data using five questionnaires measuring the research variables. The questionnaires were all validated in a pilot study. The collected data were analyzed based on modeling route - a structure in the form of partial least squares approach. The results showed that Spiritual Leadership both had positive effects on organizational citizenship behavior and employee productivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
320 - سنجش روحیه کارآفرینی و عوامل مؤثر بر آن در بین جوانان مهارتآموخته دوره کارآفرینی در مقایسه با کارآموزان آموزشندیده اداره کل آموزش فنی و حرفهای زنجان
زهرا میرمحمدرضایی ماجده قلی پورپژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی نقش آموزش­های کار آفرینی در افزایش روحیه کارآفرینی آموزش­دیدگان دوره کارآفرینی می­باشد. روش تحقیق حاضر مطالعه علی – مقایسه­ای و بصورت طرح همبستگی مقطعی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه شامل جو Moreپژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی نقش آموزش­های کار آفرینی در افزایش روحیه کارآفرینی آموزش­دیدگان دوره کارآفرینی می­باشد. روش تحقیق حاضر مطالعه علی – مقایسه­ای و بصورت طرح همبستگی مقطعی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه شامل جوانان مهارت آموخته (18 تا 30 سال) دوره کارآفرینی به تعداد 219 نفر(به روش همه پرسی) و کار آموزانی که در دوره­های آموزشی مراکز آموزش فنی و حرفه­ای مهارت می­آموزند ولی هنوز دوره کارآفرینی را سپری ننموده­اند که جمعیت آماری 4332 را تشکیل می­دهند به طریق نمونه­گیری احتمالی و نوع تصادفی سیستماتیک آن با نمونه­گیری به روش کوکران حجم نمونه 203 نفر بدست آمد که به دلیل افزایش روایی و اعتبار پژوهش حاضر حجم نمونه از 203 نفر به 219 نفر افزایش یافت تا هر دو گروه مورد مقایسه دارای حجم یکسانی گردند. در نهایت از 438 نفر از کارآموزان دو گروه مصاحبه کتبی به عمل آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از نرم افزار spss فرضیات مورد آزمون قرار گرفت و نتایج بدست­آمده بیانگر این موضوع است که روحیه کارآفرینی کارآموزانی که دوره کار آفرینی را سپری کرده­اند در مقایسه با کارآموزانی که آموزش کارآفرینی را سپری ننموده­­اند در ابعاد (توفیق طلبی، نیاز به استقلال، خلاقیت، تحمل ابهام، مرکز کنترل، تمایل به مخاطره) بالاتر بوده به گونه ای که میتوان از کارکرد مثبت آموزشهای کارآفرینی در جهت افزایش روحیه کارآفرینی و به تبع آن اشتغالزایی جوانان و کاهش بیکاری یاد کرد. از سویی با توجه به یافته­ها کار آموزانی که دوره کارآفرینی را آموزش دیده­اند نگرش­های خود را در جهت پذیرش تغییر توسعه داده­اند و احتمال اینکه با یک سری نگرش­های خاص به سمت کارآفرینی متمایل شوند، زیاد می باشد. بنا بر این به منظور افزایش نقش آموزش­های فنی و حرفه ای در توسعه کارآفرینی پیشنهاد می­گردد مراکز آموزش فنی و حرفه­ای، دانشگاه ها و مدارس در ارائه آموزش­ها و مشاوره­های کارآفرینی، فعال سازی دفاتر مشاوره کارآفرینی، شناسایی و معرفی کار آفرینان موفق به جوانان اهتمام ورزند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
321 - The relationship between spiritual intelligence and spiritual well-being with the social health of Shahriar city youth
Mahin Torabi Fahimeh Nasiri Mohsen majidi -
Open Access Article
322 - A Study on the Generation Gap from the Religiosity Point of View(Two Generations of 50 s and 70 s)
Mehri Bahar Sahar Rahmani -
Open Access Article
323 - Modeling the Structural Relationship between Perfectionism and Life Expectance through Mediating Role of Moral Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence in Young Directors of Islamic Azad University
Saeed Ahmad Khosravi Babak Hosseinzadeh Jamal Sadeghi Ali Asghar Shojaei -
Open Access Article
324 - The Role of Emotional Intelligence, Cultural Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence on Individual-Social Adjustment in Young Students
Sedigheh Mohammadiani Rezvan Homaei -
Open Access Article
325 - بررسی روشهای گرایش به مذهب در میان دانش آموزان دبیرستانی شهرستان اندیمشک
اسحاق ارجمند سیاهپوش حسن ارجمندی بهاره ارجمند سیاهپوش علی ارجمند Ahmad Reza Arjmandi -
Open Access Article
326 - Investigating relationship between organizational spirituality and organizational health
N.M. Yaghoubi H. Rahimi -
Open Access Article
327 - Preparing and Investigation a New Nanofluid for Employing in Machining Process: Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles
Ramin Ranjbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
328 - The effect of bio-fertilizers and Nano-nitrogen on strawberry quality and quantity under different levels of nitrogen
Davood hashemabadi Mohammad hossain Namaki Farzin Saeeid zadeNitrogen is the most important element in plant growth and yield. There are several sources for supplying nitrogen needed by the plant, including the use of chemical fertilizers. But excessive use of chemical fertilizers in addition to contamination of water and soil ha MoreNitrogen is the most important element in plant growth and yield. There are several sources for supplying nitrogen needed by the plant, including the use of chemical fertilizers. But excessive use of chemical fertilizers in addition to contamination of water and soil has also caused health risks to the community. Therefore, optimizing the use of chemical fertilizers and replacing them with organic sources can be a step forward in increasing the health of the community. For this purpose, a field experiment with different levels of urea fertilizer and various nitrogen sources were carried out in a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications on strawberry in 2016 at Someh-Sara, Gilan, Iran. The experimental factors included urea (0, 75 and 150 kg.ha-1) and various sources of nitrogen (Azospirilum, Azotobacter, Nano-nitrogen and Control). The results showed that in levels of nitrogen source, the application of urea fertilizer increased the shoot weight and shoot length, but decreased total antioxidant capacity, total flavonoid compounds and vitamin C. The highest fresh weight of shoot and fruit number were obtained from nano-nitrogen treatment + 75 kg.ha-1. While the highest amounts of vitamin C, total antioxidant capacity and total flavonoid compounds were obtained from Azotobacter and Azospirilum inoculated plants, Azotobacter was superior to Azospirilum in most of the traits and with increasing the application of urea fertilizer, maintained its efficiency compared to control. The highest fruit yield was obtained from nano-nitrogen + 75 kg.ha-1, but there was no statistically significant difference with Azotobacter + 75 kg.ha-1. Therefore, since the aim of the experiment was to increase the yield and quality of the fruit, Azotobacter + 75 kg.ha-1 is recommendable compared to other treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
329 - Effect of different sources of biological and chemical fertilizers morphological and functional traits of Triticum aestivum L.
hadi jahanshahi Hossein Ajam Noruzi MOHAMMAD REZA DADASHI mohammad ali Rezaii hedieh mosanaieyExcessive use of chemical fertilizers has degraded agricultural ecosystems. One of the sustainable agricultural programs is to reduce the use of fertilizers and increase their efficiency. In this study, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different lev MoreExcessive use of chemical fertilizers has degraded agricultural ecosystems. One of the sustainable agricultural programs is to reduce the use of fertilizers and increase their efficiency. In this study, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus sources on some morphological and functional properties of wheat pearl. A factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Nokandeh and Gorgan in Golestan province. Experimental factors included nitrogen supply sources at four levels of Azotobacter (12g/100 kg seed), Azospirillum (12g/100 kg seed), urea (200 kg/ha) and an equal combination of three sources and sources of phosphorus at the surface. There were three levels of triple superphosphate (100 kg ha-1), fertile phosphate 2 (12 g / 100 kg seed) and an equal combination of two sources with control. Morphological and functional traits such as plant height, leaf area index, spike number, grain number per spike, spike length, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency, protein flowering stage, ripe, grain and chlorophyll pigments were measured. The results showed that the effect of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorous sources on the studied traits was significant. The highest plant height, leaf area index, spike number, spike length, biological yield and grain yield were obtained in equal treatment of three nitrogen sources (33% Azotobacter + 33% Azospirillum + 33% Urea) and highest Nitrogen use efficiency. Seed inoculation with Azotobacter biofertilizer was observed. Application of appropriate biofertilizers can be effective in increasing yield, improving wheat growth characteristics and reducing fertilizer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
330 - Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation on Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) Under Drought Stress
Olia Eshaghi Gorgi Hormoz Fallah yousof niknejad Davood Barari TariThe use of plant symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is one of the ways to reduce drought stress that has recently been used in agriculture. In the present study, the response of lemon balm (Melissa officinal MoreThe use of plant symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is one of the ways to reduce drought stress that has recently been used in agriculture. In the present study, the response of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) plants to microbial inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR, Azospirillum brasilense) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF, Glomus mosseae) and co-inoculation (AMF+PGPR) under well-irrigated (100% field capacity) or drought stress (50% field capacity) conditions were investigated. This study was conducted in 2020 in the greenhouse of Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with five replications. The results of the present study showed that drought stress by reducing the relative water content (RWC, 17.8%), declined transpiration rate (E, 62.2%), stomatal conductance (gs, 36.8%), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci, 22.5%), and net photosynthesis (Pn, 48.5%) of the plant compared to control plants. Drought stress also induced oxidative stress by increasing the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (2.1-fold) and methylglyoxal (2-fold), resulting in damage to bio-membranes and photosynthetic apparatus and reduced growth of lemon balm. However, microbial inoculation, especially co-inoculation of PGPR and AMF, by improving the proline content and RWC, restored Ci, E, gs and Pn under drought stress. Microbial treatments by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the glyoxalase system reduced the level of hydrogen peroxide and methylglyoxal and alleviated drought stress-induced oxidative stress, which increased the growth of lemon balm under drought stress by protecting bio-membranes and photosynthetic pigments. Therefore, the results showed that the application of G. mosseae and A. brasilense alleviated the negative effects of drought stress on lemon balm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
331 - بررسی خصوصیات کیفی هلوی زعفرانی (Prunus persica (L.) Batch.) مایهزنی شده با قارچ همزیست (Piriformospora indica)
عظیم قاسم نژاد امین اله باقری فرد -
Open Access Article
332 - طبیعت بازمانده: مطالعه اکوفمینیستی درباره همه اسب های زیبای کورمک مک کارتی
Farhoodeh Naghdibak Shahram Afrougheh Fatemeh AzizMohammadiهدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تمام اسب های زیبا اثر مک کارتی است که حول رابطه جان و طبیعت با تمرکز بر اسب ها می چرخد. جنبه های مختلف رمان از جمله بوم شناسی اجتماعی، فرهنگی و معنوی بررسی شده است. در اکوکریتیسم، دیگری بودن طبیعت یکی از مضامین اصلی است که بیانگر شکاف بین انسان Moreهدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تمام اسب های زیبا اثر مک کارتی است که حول رابطه جان و طبیعت با تمرکز بر اسب ها می چرخد. جنبه های مختلف رمان از جمله بوم شناسی اجتماعی، فرهنگی و معنوی بررسی شده است. در اکوکریتیسم، دیگری بودن طبیعت یکی از مضامین اصلی است که بیانگر شکاف بین انسان و طبیعت است که در نهایت منجر به تخریب محیط زیست و طبیعت می شود. این مطالعه همچنین نشان میدهد که چگونه شخصیتهای اصلی، جان و آلخاندرا، در رمان مرتبط هستند که مطالعه حاضر را به یک تحقیق اکوفمینیستی تبدیل میکند. این رمان بیشتر شخصیت جان را به تصویر می کشد که در طبیعت سرگردان است و به دنبال هویت خود می گردد و در نتیجه مجازات شود. بنابراین، محقق پیوند بین جان، طبیعت و آلخاندرا را به دقت بررسی میکند و سعی میکند بررسی کند که چگونه رمان نگرشهای مشابهی هم نسبت به زنان و هم نسبت به طبیعت در همه اسبهای زیبا .نشان میدهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
333 - Explaining the Relationship between Jihadi Management and Organizational Spirituality (Case Study: Sepah Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Southeast Region)
sommayyeh shiralinezhadfarsangy َAli Reza Manzary Tavakoly Sangar Salagekheh Mohammad Galal KamalyThe purpose of this article is to explain the relationship between jihadi management based on organizational spirituality based on the views of the Supreme Leader and to present the desired model (case study of Sepah Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the southeast MoreThe purpose of this article is to explain the relationship between jihadi management based on organizational spirituality based on the views of the Supreme Leader and to present the desired model (case study of Sepah Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the southeast region). The present study is descriptive and correlational that has been done by survey method. The statistical population of the study includes all employees of Sepah Bank in the southeast region and sampling is done by two-stage cluster sampling method to analyze the data by descriptive and inferential statistics (correlation test and structural equation modeling) and SPSS software. And AMOS has been used. In this study, in order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire of jihadi management and a questionnaire of organizational spirituality based on Likert 5-point spectrum have been used. In order to determine the validity, the content validity method has been used (expert opinion). The validity of these questionnaires has been confirmed with a high percentage and to measure the reliability using Cronbach's alpha, the reliability value for the Jihadi Management Questionnaire is 0.931 and organizational spirituality is 0.981. The findings showed that the Jihadi Management explanation model is based on Organizational spirituality, according to the views of the Supreme Leader of the Sepah Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran, has a good fit in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
334 - Designing a Model of Spiritual Leadership by the Supreme Leader’s Strategies the Jihady Management in the Directors of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Asma Saeedi Sanjar Salajegheh Yaser Salari Hamidreza MollaeiThe present study aims to examine the model of spiritual leadership based on the strategies of the Supreme Leader based on the characteristics of Islamic management philosophy Jihadi has been carried out in the directors of medical universities of Kerman province. This MoreThe present study aims to examine the model of spiritual leadership based on the strategies of the Supreme Leader based on the characteristics of Islamic management philosophy Jihadi has been carried out in the directors of medical universities of Kerman province. This cross-sectional study was performed on 156 senior, middle and operational managers of medical universities in Kerman province. To collect information about this research, four questionnaires of the Supreme Leader’s spiritual leadership, strategies, and jihadi management were used. Data using SPSS software version 23 and version 2.2 Smart PLS at a significance level of 05/0 ≥ P, were analyzed. Based on the research findings, there is a significant relationship between the Supreme Leader’s strategies (P <0.05, β = 0.707) and spiritual leadership. Due to the positive path coefficient, this relationship is incremental (direct) and also a significant relationship is established between the jihadi management (P <0.05, β = 0.204) with spiritual leadership. Achieving a value of 0.740 for GOF indicates a very strong fit of this model. The results of this study showed that the managers of the University of Medical Sciences are considered as one of the main factors and institutions in the conditions of coronation control. Achieve their success in terms of coronary control and overcome the society through various challenges, problems and obstacles to health and achieve the lofty goals in the field of health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
335 - Predicting marital happiness based on resilience, spiritual well-being and self-compassion in Women teachers
Ali Rowshani zadeh malihe neamatpour -
Open Access Article
336 - The Relationship between Research Experience and Researcher Spiritually with Research self-efficacy of M.A students of Islamic Azad University in Sari
Maryam Taghvaee Yazdi -
Open Access Article
337 - Title: Analyzing reza shah encounter with religoin issue and searchikg his behavior with spiritualty
Mehrab Hatami Manizheh Sadri Simin Fasihi nazli Eskandari NezhadAbstractAfter the coup and accessing sultane, Reza shah at least apparently showed areligious behavior. But his behavior change from 1306 and gradually showedseverity against some religious ceremonies and spiritualties' actions. Rezashah, influenced by his counterpart a MoreAbstractAfter the coup and accessing sultane, Reza shah at least apparently showed areligious behavior. But his behavior change from 1306 and gradually showedseverity against some religious ceremonies and spiritualties' actions. Rezashah, influenced by his counterpart ataturk, considered religious anddenomination as a barrier for revival and modernization and desired building amodern iran by modernization in army, administration system , Law system,and education and even conseration organization and renewing power andcourt structures in which religion and spiritualty had a loe function. Is Rezashah encountered uniformally with religion and religious ulens or hid behaviorhas change during years? It can only be judged that for any reason in earlyyears of Reza shah sultanate, religion has been important and spiritualty hasbeen respectabke but gradually hus behavioe is influenced by his powerseeking behavior. Current study wants to answer this question in fact whyReza shah change his religious trend why he didn't continue that but also hechange toward contrasting with a descriptive-analytic procedure considerschallenges between spiritualties and Reza shah and reason of the contrastbetween these two wings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
338 - Evaluation of Surface Electromyogram Signal Decomposition Methods in the Design of Hand Movement Recognition System
Maryam Karami Mahdi KhezriOne method for determining motor commands to control hand prostheses is to use surface electr­omy­ogr­am (sEMG) signal patterns. Due to the random and non-stationary nature of the signal, the idea of using signal information in small time intervals was inves MoreOne method for determining motor commands to control hand prostheses is to use surface electr­omy­ogr­am (sEMG) signal patterns. Due to the random and non-stationary nature of the signal, the idea of using signal information in small time intervals was investigated. In this study, with the aim of more accurate and faster detection of hand movements, two signal decomposition methods, namely discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) were evaluated. The sEMG sign­als of the Ninapro-DB1 dataset, which were extracted from 27 healthy subjects while performing hand and finger movements, were used to design the system. Simple time domain features with fast calculation capability were extracted for each subband of the decomposed signals. Also, support vector machine (SVM) using different kernel functions was applied as a classifier. The results show that the use of DWT and EMD methods with the ability to access the information of time and frequency sub-intervals of the signals, provides better results in identifying hand movements compared to previous studies. With the EMD method and eight intrinsic mode functions (IMF), the highest recognition accuracy of 83.3% was obtained for six movements. Also, the DWT with the Bior5.5 mother wavelet and five levels of decomposition, achieved 80% recognition accuracy for ten movements and with the Coif2 mother wavelet and six levels of decomposition, the accuracy was 83.33% for eight movements. The results show the better performance of the DWT decomposition method compared to EMD for the design of the hand movement recognition system using sEMG signal patterns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
339 - Religious Tourism and Motivations for Attending Religious Leadership Conferences (Spiritual Leadership Development Approach)
Mostafa Heidari HaratemehReligious conferences are a new form of spiritual event for leaders with institutional/ministerial roles. Despite considerable research in this area, it is largely unclear what exactly motivates these leaders to attend a religious conference. Therefore, the real goal of MoreReligious conferences are a new form of spiritual event for leaders with institutional/ministerial roles. Despite considerable research in this area, it is largely unclear what exactly motivates these leaders to attend a religious conference. Therefore, the real goal of conceptualizing religious tourism and developing spiritual leadership was considered with the approach of religious leadership conferences. Sampling was determined as a non-probability purpose for four religious events from all religious conferences held on holidays in 1398. The conceptual framework includes the theory of spiritual leadership (over 2003), the core competencies of religious leadership (Malphurs and Mancini (2004), and the characteristics of segmentation variables (Tkaczynski and Rundle-Thiele 2011) for determining the intrinsic motivation, attending a religious conference in five designed spiritual encouragement, listening to an influential lecturer, better equipment in an organizational role, listening to other speakers, and motivating one to be involved in leadership. The results showed that although the core competencies of knowledge, executive skills, emotions, and personality appear in a comprehensive and all-encompassing way, the two important motivations seemed to be spiritual encouragement (skills) and better equipped with the current organizational role (personality) representing the key motivators for attendance. Some conferences reflect the theme of the event. Music which is here meant saying prayers and supplications is useful for encouraging a tourist's beliefs but is not a major motivator for attending a conference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
340 - Examining Mullā Ṣadrá's View of the Previous Worlds as a Turning Point in the Historical Evolution of Theories and its Comparative Comparison with Shiite Narrations
Ali Abbasabadi Ali AllahBedashti Ahmad Abedi AraniOne of the important theories that has been expressed about the pre-worldly worlds for the creation of man is the theory of Ṣadr al-Mutaʾallehīn, which is an important turning point and a great innovation in the historical evolution of theories. By accepting the princip MoreOne of the important theories that has been expressed about the pre-worldly worlds for the creation of man is the theory of Ṣadr al-Mutaʾallehīn, which is an important turning point and a great innovation in the historical evolution of theories. By accepting the principle of the previous creation of man, he returns it to the independent intellectual identities which, in a pre-material world, were extracted from their rational causes and confessed to the Lordship of God in the present language. On the other hand, referring to more than 130 authentic narrations received from the Shiite Imams (as) about the previous worlds, shows that at least three positions of the spirit world, the world of the first particle and the world of the second particle can be traced and observed in the narrations with full intensity and appearance, which refers to the presence of human beings in these situations and their confessions. Ṣadr al-Mutaʾallehin's theory can to a large extent explain the narrations of this chapter based on the structure of transcendent wisdom; But it is felt that it has shortcomings in both directions and it cannot be considered completely consistent with the system used in the narrations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
341 - The Effect of Aspirin on the World's Pandemic COVID-19
Masoumeh Heidaritajan Maryam Jafarian Anvar Seyed Amirali GhasemiAspirin has become one of the most frequently used and cheapest drugs in medicine till now. Since its first synthesis in 1897, several medicinal roles and mechanisms of action of Aspirin have become apparent. Since its emergence, the COVID-19 pandemic has been ravaging MoreAspirin has become one of the most frequently used and cheapest drugs in medicine till now. Since its first synthesis in 1897, several medicinal roles and mechanisms of action of Aspirin have become apparent. Since its emergence, the COVID-19 pandemic has been ravaging the medical and economic sectors even with the significant vaccination advances. In severe presentations, the disease of SARS-CoV-2 can manifest with life-threatening thromboembolic and multi-organ repercussions provoking notable morbidity and mortality. Aspirin, due to its well-known properties and multiple molecular targets, and ought to its extensive clinical use, has been perceived as a potential therapeutic agent for COVID-19. Aspirin acts at multiple cellular targets to achieve its anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet effects. Although initial promising clinical data describing aspirin's role in COVID-19 has appeared, evidence supporting its use remains fragile and premature. In this article, we highlight the history of Aspirin, a novel mechanism of action, and its uses. Also included is a brief statement of emerging new applications and principal mechanisms by which Aspirin inhibits acute inflammation and alters platelet biology; therefore, hypothesized that Aspirin might prove highly beneficial as a novel therapeutic drug for combating severe acute inflammation and thrombosis associated with the cytokine storm in COVID -19 patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
342 - The Effect of Intelligentizing Schools on Social Intelligence, Spiritual Intelligence and Students' Academic Achievement
Taraneh Enayati alireza alipour Abdoreza ToomajThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of school intelligence on social intelligence, spiritual intelligence and academic achievement of students in urban areas. The descriptive research method is of causal-comparative type. The statistical population consi MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of school intelligence on social intelligence, spiritual intelligence and academic achievement of students in urban areas. The descriptive research method is of causal-comparative type. The statistical population consists of high school students in Gorgan city. The sample size, based on Krejcy and Morgan tables, was estimated to be 301 people selected randomly by cluster sampling. Data collection tools were Trumsu's social intelligence questionnaire and Abdollahzadeh's spiritual intelligence questionnaire. Academic achievement was also assessed based on the final grade of the third year of high school. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using t-test and independent Pearson correlation coefficient. The findings showed that there is a difference between the social intelligence and spiritual intelligence of ordinary and intelligent students, so that intelligent school students had higher social intelligence and spiritual intelligence; however, there was a significant difference between the academic achievement of the two observation groups Failed. Also, the findings showed that academic achievement with social intelligence and its dimensions did not have a significant relationship but with spiritual intelligence and its dimensions showed a significant correlation. The result is that the presence of students in intelligent schools can lead to better social intelligence and spiritual intelligence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
343 - مقایسه اثر عصاره زنجبیل و آسپیرین بر بیان ژن COX-2 در سلول های دودمان سرطان کولون HT-29
آرزو حقیقی نوشا ضیا جهرمیمقدمه و هدف: سرطانکولونپسازسرطانریهدومین عللمرگومیرناشىازسرطاندرجهان می باشد. عوامل محیطی و ژنتیکی نقش مهمی در بروز این سرطان ایفا می کنند. از عوامل مهم در ایجاد این سرطان التهابات طولانی مدت کولون می باشد. زنجبیل به دلیل داشتن ترکیب 6-جینجرول دارای Moreمقدمه و هدف: سرطانکولونپسازسرطانریهدومین عللمرگومیرناشىازسرطاندرجهان می باشد. عوامل محیطی و ژنتیکی نقش مهمی در بروز این سرطان ایفا می کنند. از عوامل مهم در ایجاد این سرطان التهابات طولانی مدت کولون می باشد. زنجبیل به دلیل داشتن ترکیب 6-جینجرول دارای خاصیت ضد التهابی است که در پیشگیری از سرطان کولون نقش دارد.در سرطان کولون التهاب، از علائم اولیه آن محسوب می شود. در این مطالعه ­اثر عصاره زنجبیل­ بر بیان ژن -2­­COX در سلول­های دودمان سرطان کولون HT-29 بررسی شد. روش تحقیق: در این مطالعه، سلول­های دودمان سرطان کولون 29- HT پس از کشت، ­در پاساژ سوم تریپسینه شد و تعداد 5000 سلول در چاهک­­­های پلیت 96 خانه کشت داده شد .سپس سلول­ها با عصاره زنجبیل در 4 غلظت10، 20، 30 و40میلی­گرم برمیلی­لیتر تیمار داده و پلیت­ها به مدت 24، 48و 72 ساعت در دمای 37 درجه سانتی­گراد، 5 درصد CO2 انکوبه گردید. به منظور بررسی تاثیر عصاره زنجبیل بر سلول­ها،تست MTT انجامو دانسیته نوری پلیت­ها توسط دستگاه الایزا در طول موج 570 نانومتر قرائت شد. RNA توتال سلولی استخراج و توسط روش RT-PCR بیان ژنCOX-2 بررسی گردید. نتایج و بحث: عصاره زنجبیل با غلظت 20 میلی گرم برمیلی­لیتر بیشترین IC50 را نشان داد. بیان ژن COX-2 با روش RT-PCR نشان داد، عصاره زنجبیل با غلظت 20 میلی گرم بر میلی لیتر موجب کاهش بیان ژن COX-2 در مقایسه با داروی آسپرین به عنوان یک داروی ضد التهاب درسلول­های دودمانHT-29 سرطان کولون می­شود.باتوجه به اهمیت کاهش التهاب در بیماران مبتلا به سرطان کولون یافته­ها نشان داد که استفاده از عصاره زنجبیل می­تواند نقش مهمی در کاهش التهاب و کاهش بیان ژن COX-2 که نقش مهمی در سنتز پروستاگلاندین­ها و ایجاد التهاب دارد داشته باشد. توصیهکاربردی/صنعتی:دراینبررسینقشعصارهزنجبیلوآسپیرینکهازداروهایضدالتهابموثراستقابلمقایسهبوده­است.لذابهنظرمی­رسدباتحقیقاتبیشتردرآینده،بتوانازآنبهعنوانیکراهکارجدیددرمانیبهرهبرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
344 - Analysis of Conservatism “moderate Islamism” Reflected in the Policies of Erdogan (Based on the Theory of Constructivism)
ali alihosseini enayatollah yazdani zahra behzadi beirak oliaAbstract Turkey is a country which is having a contradictory identity and it is conservative too. The reason is that on the one hand Sufi Islam is dominating her and on the other hand she propagates Western values and tries to be close to the West. During the past deca MoreAbstract Turkey is a country which is having a contradictory identity and it is conservative too. The reason is that on the one hand Sufi Islam is dominating her and on the other hand she propagates Western values and tries to be close to the West. During the past decade, Erdogan who is leading Justice and Development Party (AKP) has tried to keep satisfied the Western countries and Turkish Muslim people who constitute 98% of Turkish population. It seems that he is inclined both to West and Islam. This can be seen in his performance and decisions. For instance he abolishes the ban on Hijab in government offices and on the other hand he maintains alliances with West and Israel against Syria. It can be said that although these dual and conservative policies have not created serious problem for his government and even he has won the presidential elections, yet in the long run this paradox cannot last long because this contradictory identity and non-fulfillment of the majority of Turkey's population expectations will disappoint them and Erdogan cannot keep his hold on power for good. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
345 - کاهش دو شکلی جنسی جمجمه در یک نژاد گوسفند بومی
پی.ام. پارس-کاسانوادر این مطالعه با استفاده از روش­های اندازه­گیری ابعاد هندسی ظاهری، میزان دو شکلی جنسی در نژاد گوسفند فارداسکا بومی کاتالانیا (واقع در شمال شرق اسپانیا) برآورد شده است. برای این آنالیز، مجموعاً 18 نمونه جمجمه (2 نر بالغ و 16 ماده بالغ) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتای Moreدر این مطالعه با استفاده از روش­های اندازه­گیری ابعاد هندسی ظاهری، میزان دو شکلی جنسی در نژاد گوسفند فارداسکا بومی کاتالانیا (واقع در شمال شرق اسپانیا) برآورد شده است. برای این آنالیز، مجموعاً 18 نمونه جمجمه (2 نر بالغ و 16 ماده بالغ) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که این نژاد از نظر جمجمه دو شکلی نداشته و بنابراین تعیین جنسیت آن با استفاده از علایم و نشانه­های اشاره شده در این مقاله، نتایج ضعیفی را در برخواهد داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
346 - Multi-Step Assessment of Lactation Curve Functions of Iranian Simmental and Jersey Cows with Emphasis on Relative Information Criteria
R. Pahlavan M.R. Afrazandeh N. Jamali M. Kazemi M.A. Abbasi J. Rahmaninia A. Kazemi B. Mohammad Nazari -
Open Access Article
347 - Empirical methods Comparison of estimation evaporation From Free Water Surface (Case Study: Dez Regulatory Dam)
Mehdi Najafvand Derikvandi Hossein EslamiEvaporation is an important factor in the management of water resources and accurate calculation can be effective strategies to mitigate the effects of drought and implemented in order to protect water resources. Due to lack of evaporation stations and lack of adequate MoreEvaporation is an important factor in the management of water resources and accurate calculation can be effective strategies to mitigate the effects of drought and implemented in order to protect water resources. Due to lack of evaporation stations and lack of adequate data, empirical methods can be used to estimate evaporation from water surface. In this study, evaporation estimated using 10-year data of Dez adjustment dam station and empirical methods of Mayer, Marciano, Shahtin, Hefner, Ivanof, Tichomirof and USBR and the estimated evaporation compared with pan evaporation values. Based on the R2 and RSME statistics, empirical methods were evaluated. The results showed that the relationship Mayer (R2 = 0.886, RMSE = 1.53) than other experimental methods is more accurate. The USBR equation (R2 = 0.91, RMSE = 1.967) lie in next rank and also a significant difference (P> 0.01) is not seen between actual and estimated values in two ways. Tichomirof method due to significant error (RMSE = 8.152) and lower fitted to actual data (R2 = 0.33) is the lack of credibility and Hefner, Marciano, Ivanof and Shahtin with a determination coefficient equal to 0.548, 0.534, 0.639 and 0.664 have modest validity and reliability for estimating the amount of evaporation from water surface. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
348 - Investigation of water head variation& relation to empirical Coefficient n of Stepped short Shaft Spill way
roozbeh AGHA MAJIDI mohammad nasre. isfahaniThese spillways (Stepped shaft spillways) pass more flow discharges through themselves in comparison to smooth spillways theoretically. Therefore knowing of flow behavior of these Spillways, help using better and more efficiently. Moreover, using vortex breaker has grea MoreThese spillways (Stepped shaft spillways) pass more flow discharges through themselves in comparison to smooth spillways theoretically. Therefore knowing of flow behavior of these Spillways, help using better and more efficiently. Moreover, using vortex breaker has great effect on passing Flow through Shaft Spillway. For using more efficiently, the risk of flow water head on the crest decreases to less than fluid vapor water head on the crest , called cavitation’s, should be prevented as far as possible. At this research, it has been tried to study different behavior of Stepped chamber and different vortex breaker shapes on spillway flow. From the viewpoint of the effects of flow regime changes on spillway, changes of step dimensions, and the change of type of flow range will Studied Effectively. And finally the best the relation between water head on the crest and Discharge Coefficient are determined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
349 - Introduction of Ahsan al-Manzumah manuscript
keramat namjoo محمدهادی احمدیانیDespite the passage of a century since the beginning of the revival and correction of manuscripts, only a small part of the exquisite and valuable treasure of lyrical stories has been printed and made available to literary friends, and perhaps great poets and writers wh MoreDespite the passage of a century since the beginning of the revival and correction of manuscripts, only a small part of the exquisite and valuable treasure of lyrical stories has been printed and made available to literary friends, and perhaps great poets and writers who still remain in the veil of obscurity and obscurity. Ahsan al-Manzomah's Masnavi is an unknown work by an unknown poet with the surname "Piri", which is considered among the romantic and lyrical Masnavis of the 13th century. This poem is a detailed story about Yusuf and Zuleikha, as well as Jacob's love and affection for his son Yusuf the Prophet, which is written in imitation of Yusuf and Zuleikha Jami. The story revolves around the three axes of richness, mysticism and education, and the singer uses richness to make the story attractive, and wherever he finds a suitable place, he gives advice, teaching and expressing mystical teachings, and discredits and It reminds the audience of the boredom and difficulty of the world. The authors' effort is to briefly review its stylistic and content features while introducing this work. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
350 - The spiritual journey of Sanai and Abolalla
mahdi SalmaniThe characteristics of human beings for creating imaginations and the attempt for escaping from worldly limitations led him to think paranormally. The manifestation of this thinking is a form of literature which is called spiritual itinerary or itinerary to another worl MoreThe characteristics of human beings for creating imaginations and the attempt for escaping from worldly limitations led him to think paranormally. The manifestation of this thinking is a form of literature which is called spiritual itinerary or itinerary to another world. This literature is very noticeable in world and every culture has some types of it. There are some masterpieces in this style in the Islamic literature which somehow reflected in European literature and affect it. Just as Dante's Divine comedy which reflected in the works like Erdaveiraf Nameh, Fotoohat Makiyeh and etc….. We can claim that all works of this type dates bakes to ascending of Prophet Mohammad. Among Islamic spiritual itinerary, there are two masterpieces, namely; Seyr al- 'ebad elal-ma 'adof Sana'i and Moayeri's Thesis of Alghofran Abolala which have different points of view. These two masterpieces haven't been analyzed properly due to their complex structures and thoughts of their writers. In this article, the attempt is firstly to introduce theses two journeys and then to find common features of them. Therefore, the similarities and differences of these two journeys are presented within the limits of all spiritual journeys for those who are interested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
351 - Analysis of spiritual intelligence indicators in Masnavi Manavi, with an emphasis on Robert Immons' theory
tahmineh masyalizad fatemeh sheykhloovand mohammad farahmand ozra ghaffariSpiritual intelligence is the basis of all that we believe in. Attention to spirituality is advancing today in a variety of disciplines such as psychology, but in the meantime, the importance of the subject becomes clear when we know that examples of spiritual intellige MoreSpiritual intelligence is the basis of all that we believe in. Attention to spirituality is advancing today in a variety of disciplines such as psychology, but in the meantime, the importance of the subject becomes clear when we know that examples of spiritual intelligence are much more advanced in our mystical literature than in modern psychology. The characteristics of spirituality and religion, especially spiritual intelligence, are of special importance in the field of mystical poetry in Persian literature. This study intends to look at Rumi's poems from a different perspective, i.e. on the basis of the characteristics of the spiritual intelligence of Robert Immons' theory. Faith, peace, altruism and its proper use in life and getting adapted to the adversities of the real world are among the concerns of spiritual intelligence. Therefore, this study tries to answer the following question: what are the most important characteristics of spiritual intelligence in Rumi's Masnavi with emphasis on Robert Immons' theory? The results show that attention to empathy, altruism, love, self-sacrifice, tolerance are common features that have been introduced as prominent components of the spiritual intelligence in mystical literature and Rumi's thought. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
352 - -
کلثوم فرقان علی محبوب خمامیآهار گیاهی یکساله و دارای دوره طولانی گلدهی بوده و از اواخر بهار تا اواسط پاییز گل می دهد و جز گیاهانی می باشد که در فضای سبز کاربرد زیادی دارد. در این تحقیق اثر دو نوع باکتری محرک رشد و کمپوست آزولا بر برخی صفات زینتی و فاکتورهای رشد گیاه آهار (Zinna elegans) در کشت گل Moreآهار گیاهی یکساله و دارای دوره طولانی گلدهی بوده و از اواخر بهار تا اواسط پاییز گل می دهد و جز گیاهانی می باشد که در فضای سبز کاربرد زیادی دارد. در این تحقیق اثر دو نوع باکتری محرک رشد و کمپوست آزولا بر برخی صفات زینتی و فاکتورهای رشد گیاه آهار (Zinna elegans) در کشت گلدانی و در شرایط گلخانه ای مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. این آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با دو فاکتور شامل کمپوست آزولا در 6 سطح (0، 10، 20، 30، 40 و 50 درصد) کمپوست آزولا و فاکتور باکتری های محرک رشد در سه سطح (بدون باکتری ، باکتری آزوسپریلوم و ازتوباکتر) در سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داده که بطور کلی باکتری های محرک رشد (آزوسپریلیوم و ازتوباکتر) و کمپوست آزولا اثر معنی داری بر فاکتورهای مورد بررسی در گیاه داشته اند. تیمار 50 درصد کمپوست آزولا و آزوسپریلیوم وزن تر ریشه و برگ، نیتروژن برگ و ارتفاع بوته بیشتری نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشت و در تیمار 10 درصد کمپوست آزولا و آزوسپریلیوم از نظر ماده خشک برگ و ماده خشک ریشه برترین تیمار بود. طبق بررسی های انجام شده آزوسپریلیوم با درصد کمتری از کمپوست برروی وزن خشک و با درصد بیشتری از کمپوست بر روی وزن تر اثرمعنی دار داشت، ضمنا با در صد بیشتری از کمپوست در تیمار آزسپریلیوم و 50 درصد کمپوست بر نیتروژن برگ و ارتفاع ساقه اثر معنی دار داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
353 - Studying the Effect of Seed Priming on the Growth and Yield of Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) Under Different Levels of Vermicompost
Farzin SaeedzadehThe present study aims to investigate the effect of different levels of vermicompost on the growth and yield of the essential oil of marigold plant under seed priming with Azospirillum and humic acid under different levels of vermicompost on the growth and yield of mari MoreThe present study aims to investigate the effect of different levels of vermicompost on the growth and yield of the essential oil of marigold plant under seed priming with Azospirillum and humic acid under different levels of vermicompost on the growth and yield of marigold essential oil, factorial based on a randomized complete block design in the research farm of Islamic Azad University, Astara branch was done. The test treatments included seed priming including Azospirillum brazilense bacteria, humic acid, Azospirillum + humic acid and control and different levels of vermicompost (0, 5 and 10 t ha-1). The results showed that some traits such as chlorophyll a, anthocyanin, essential oil yield and biological yield were affected by vermicompost interaction and seed priming. But plant height, number of seeds and flowers, flower weight, seed weight, essential oil amount and total chlorophyll were affected by the main effect of vermicompost, but seed priming was not significant on some of these traits. The highest amounts of chlorophyll a and total, biological yield, essential oil yield and dry weight of flowers were obtained from humic acid + Azospirillum treatment under the application of 10 t vermicompost ha-1. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
354 - Investigating the Relationship between University Education and Agricultural Students' Entrepreneurial Spirit
Reza Movahedi Samadollah Ghanbari -
Open Access Article
355 - The Effectiveness of Intervention of Spiritual Therapy with Cognitive Behavioral Approach on Improving Quality of Life and Improving the Psychological Well-being of Spouses of Veterans and Veterans
armin mahmodi farzin aminiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral spirituality on the psychological well-being, quality of life of veterans' spouses. The sample consisted of 40 wives of veterans of Shahreza city who were selected through accessible MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral spirituality on the psychological well-being, quality of life of veterans' spouses. The sample consisted of 40 wives of veterans of Shahreza city who were selected through accessible sampling method and responded to the psychological well-being scale, a short form of health-related questionnaire. Then, they were randomly assigned to experimental (13) and control (13 people) groups. Both groups responded to the questionnaires in the post-test and follow up phases. For the experimental group, eight sessions of cognitive-behavioral spirituality therapy were performed, but the control group was not exposed to any intervention. To analyze the data, multivariate covariance analysis and Mann Whitney U test were used. The results showed that, by controlling the pre-test scores, the psychological well-being of the experimental group was significantly increased in the post-test and follow-up stages compared to the control group (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
356 - Predicting the quality of life of women teachers in terms of organizational intelligence and spiritual intelligence
mehdi zirak hadi pourshafei malihe gharibi gholamreza sanagouye moharerQuality upgrade that enhances the performance and operating life is also a sense of personal satisfaction. So by increasing the intellectual ability or organizational intelligence, quality of life will increase.This study aimed to investigate the role of organizational MoreQuality upgrade that enhances the performance and operating life is also a sense of personal satisfaction. So by increasing the intellectual ability or organizational intelligence, quality of life will increase.This study aimed to investigate the role of organizational intelligence and spiritual intelligence as predictors of quality of life of female teachers was performed in carrying out this research was Descriptive_Corrolution. For this purpose, 210 female teachers were selected by multistage sampling. To collect the data, organizational intelligence (Albrecht, Karl 2009), Spiritual intelligence is (Badi) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL) was used. Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used for data analysis.Correlation analysis showed that the majority of the components of organizational intelligence is a significant positive relationship (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
357 - بررسی روحیه کارآفرینی زنان روستایی، مثالی از ایران
مهدی نوری پور آذر اسکندری زینب شریفیاین پژوهش با هدف بررسی وضعیت ویژگی­های شخصیتی مربوط به روحیه کارآفرینی زنان روستایی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل زنان روستایی بخش مرکزی شهرستان نیمروز استان سیستان و بلوچستان بودند که از طریق جدول کرجسی و مورگان 186 نفر به عنوان نمونه تعیین و با تکنیک Moreاین پژوهش با هدف بررسی وضعیت ویژگی­های شخصیتی مربوط به روحیه کارآفرینی زنان روستایی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل زنان روستایی بخش مرکزی شهرستان نیمروز استان سیستان و بلوچستان بودند که از طریق جدول کرجسی و مورگان 186 نفر به عنوان نمونه تعیین و با تکنیک نمونهگیری طبقهای با انتساب متناسب انتخاب و مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. داده­ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه گردآوری شد که روایی آن به کمک تکنیک روایی صوری و پایایی آن با محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید گردید. هم­چنین از نرم­افزار SPSS برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که بیش از 50 درصد زنان روستایی در ویژگی­های خطرپذیری متعادل، کانون کنترل درونی، موفقیت­طلبی، سلاست روانی، تحمل ابهام، رویاپردازی و نوآوری در حد قوی بوده­اند. با این وجود، 30 درصد زنان روستایی از نظر ویژگی­های خطرپذیری متعادل، سلاست فکری، استقلال­طلبی و نوآوری در حد ضعیف بوده­اند. هم­چنین نزدیک به 17 درصد زنان روستایی از نظر رویاپردازی و چالش­طلبی ضعیف ارزیابی شدند. نتایج آزمون t تک نمونه­ای نیز نشان داد ابعاد ده گانه­ی روحیه کارآفرینی زنان بالاتر از حد متوسط بوده است. بنابراین برای افزایش روحیه کارآفرینی زنان روستایی لازم است ویژگی­های خطرپذیری متعادل، نوآوری، استقلال­طلبی، سلاست روانی، چالش طلبی و رویاپردازی را در زنان روستایی تقویت نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
358 - مدیریت کود در مزارع برنج از طریق کاربرد باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه
هاشم امین پناه سعید فیروزیاین آزمایش مزرعه­ای در ایستگاه تحقیقات برنج تنکابن، ایران، به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه بصورت بذرمال بر رشد و عملکرد برنج در سطوح متفاوت کود شیمیایی نیتروژن انجام شد. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل دو عاملی و در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل Moreاین آزمایش مزرعه­ای در ایستگاه تحقیقات برنج تنکابن، ایران، به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه بصورت بذرمال بر رشد و عملکرد برنج در سطوح متفاوت کود شیمیایی نیتروژن انجام شد. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل دو عاملی و در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل کاربرد باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه (ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم، آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم، کاربرد توام ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم و آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم و عدم کاربرد باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه) و مقدار کود نیتروژن (50، 75 و 100 درصد مقدار کود شیمیایی نیتروژن توصیه شده، به ترتیب برابر 50 ، 75 و 100کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که حداکثر مقدار عملکرد شلتوک (7875 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در پلات­های تیمار شده با کاربرد توام باکتری ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم و آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم مشاهده شد، در حالی­که حداقل عملکرد شلتوک در تیمار شاهد عدم مصرف باکتری مشاهده شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش مصرف نیتروژن از 50 به 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار، عملکرد دانه، تعداد خوشه در متر مربع، تعداد پر در خوشه و وزن هزار دانه به ترتیب 9، 9، 18 و 6 درصد افزایش یافت. حداکثر عملکرد (7875 کیلوگرم در هکتار) با مصرف نیتروژن به میزان 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کاربرد توام باکتری ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم و آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم مشاهده شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
359 - Factors Affecting Farmers` Higher Gain from Paddy Marketing: A Case Study on Paddy Farmers in North Central Province, Sri Lanka
RPIR Prasanna SWGK Bulankulama RH KuruppugeThis study focused to identify the likelihood factors affecting on farmers’ higher gain from paddy marketing in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, where the main paddy cultivation area of the country. The required data was drawn from the field survey carried MoreThis study focused to identify the likelihood factors affecting on farmers’ higher gain from paddy marketing in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, where the main paddy cultivation area of the country. The required data was drawn from the field survey carried out in three irrigation systems covering 257 farmers during July to August 2010. The empirical logit model was used to assess factors. The study found that imperfections of existing paddy marketing system in the area due to concentrated market power among few oligopolistic buyers. Furthermore, land size, land ownership, poor accessibility in formal sector credit market and farmers involvement in informal sector credit sources are critical to farmers’ decisions to gain higher returns from paddy marketing. The results further showed the need of reviewing the roles and functions of government extension services and farmer organizations with regard to the paddy marketing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
360 - -Empirical Assessment of Environmental and Health Risks in Intensive Poultry Production in Kwara State, Nigeria
بوسلا آمولگبه خدیجت آبیمبولا عثمان موتیات اولاینکا آنیماشون جوبریلThe study was designed to assess the environmental and health risks arising from intensive poultry production in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 120 poultry farmers in Kwara State under the Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN) were selected randomly for the study, and MoreThe study was designed to assess the environmental and health risks arising from intensive poultry production in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 120 poultry farmers in Kwara State under the Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN) were selected randomly for the study, and structured questionnaires were administered. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and the linear regression. The study revealed that about 79.5% of the poultry farmers were literate, having completed at least a tertiary educational level. In addition, the results showed that the environmental and health issues were significant during production and processing. It was further revealed that the type of battery cage used and educational level of the farmers were positively significant, while the year of establishment was negatively significant when it comes to the adoption practices. This implies that the higher the level of education, the more likely farmers adopt improved practices. Moreover, it was observed that the majority of the poultry farmers do not abide by the environmental and public health laws and regulations; therefore, it is recommended that government should enforce strict supervisory agencies of the sanitation/health policies aiming at environmental preservation and protection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
361 - Geometrical analysis of folding in Kalut area (NE of Ardakan)
Ramin Arfania Ali Hamedani -
Open Access Article
362 - Engineering geology and engineering classification of rock masses in the site of Gharehpiri dam, NW of Shiraz
Godratolah Farhoudi Jafar Rahnamarad Ali Rahimi Babak Samani Afshin Karimi -
Open Access Article
363 - Geotechnical-Geological studies and tunnel support design at Rudbar-Lorestan dam site, Iran
Saeed Masoud Shamsoddin Parviz Maarefvandz -
Open Access Article
364 - Empirical stability classification of steeper slope design in Khoy Open-pit mining projects by using the SMR, Qslope and RMR methods
Mir Akbar Seyed Hamzeh -
Open Access Article
365 - Mediating role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between perceived social support and entrepreneurial spirit of undergraduate students at University of Birjand
Reyhane Ebrahimabadi ali asgari fateme taherpoureThe purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between perceived social support and the entrepreneurial spirit of undergraduate students at University of Birjand. The research method was descriptive-corre MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between perceived social support and the entrepreneurial spirit of undergraduate students at University of Birjand. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population consisted of 8304 undergraduate students of University of Birjand, that 340 people by using simple random sampling were selected. The Perceptual Social Support Questionnaire (Zimet et al., 1988), Spreitzer and Mishra Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (1995), and the Patrice and Attitude Entrepreneurship Questionnaire (1394) were used.Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts. The construct validity of the scales was examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Regarding the structural equation model, when the perceived social support variable was considered as the predictor variable and the entrepreneurial spirit was the criterion variable, the model was well fitted and the relationships between perceived social support and entrepreneurial spirit were significant at the level of 0.05. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
366 - Faculty Development In the light of Organizational Learning mediated by spiritual leadership
Gholamreza jabbari maraghosh ghangher yari sadegh malekiAbstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the causal relationship between spiritual leadership and faculty development with the mediating role of organizational learning in Islamic Azad University branch of West Azarbaijan province The population of the study w MoreAbstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the causal relationship between spiritual leadership and faculty development with the mediating role of organizational learning in Islamic Azad University branch of West Azarbaijan province The population of the study was 695 full-time teachers of 13 units, among them 263 people were selected using stratified random sampling method and Krejcie and Morgan table were used to determine the sample size.tree standard questionnaires, Fry's Spiritual Leadership , Quarterly Growth and Organizational Learning were used for data collection. Content and construct validity of the questionnaires confirmed and Cronbach's alpha reliability in the baseline and the final was appropriate. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the fear relationships of the variables currently being measured in the conceptual model. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between spiritual leadership and development, while the results showed that organizational learning plays a mediating role in the relationship between spiritual leadership with development. Conclusion: Spiritual leadership mediated by organizational learning has a positive and significant effect on faculty development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
367 - The Mediating Role of Organization’s Ethical Climate in the Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Intellectual Capital In units of Islamic Azad University of Fars province
sirous hadadnia Nima ShahidiThe goal of this study is anticipation of intellectual capital based on spiritual intelligence with mediation of organization’s ethical climate. Study method is descriptive and in correlation form. Statistical population includes all the faculty members of units o MoreThe goal of this study is anticipation of intellectual capital based on spiritual intelligence with mediation of organization’s ethical climate. Study method is descriptive and in correlation form. Statistical population includes all the faculty members of units of Islamic Azad University of Fars province (2874 people) in 2015-16 year. Sampling method is random cluster sampling. Sample size includes 377 people that were selected according to Morgan table. For gathering the data, three questionnaire of Intellectual Capital (Bontis et al, 2000), Organization’s Ethical Climate (Cullen & Bronson, 1993) and Spiritual Intelligence (Amram, 2009) were used. In order to analyze the data, statistical methods of correlation coefficient, regression analysis of Baron and Kenny, path analysis and SPSS and AMOSS software have been applied. The results are indication of positive and significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and dimensions of intellectual capital. And there is a positive and significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and organization’s ethical climate. Also, organization’s ethical climate, anticipates intellectual capital and ethical (or moral) criteria has more anticipatory power and the mediating role of organization’s ethical climate in the relationship between spiritual intelligence and intellectual capital was confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
368 - Providing a model of spiritual leadership in the electricity industry (Case study: companies active in the Iranian electricity industry)
akbar taqdaryan ardakanToday,due to environmental changes and the characteristics of organizational environments, it is necessary for organizations to take advantage of new leadership styles. Spiritual leadership is one of these styles that has been considered due to the need of organizations MoreToday,due to environmental changes and the characteristics of organizational environments, it is necessary for organizations to take advantage of new leadership styles. Spiritual leadership is one of these styles that has been considered due to the need of organizations to improve the organizational environment in terms of indicators of mental health of employees.The purpose of this study is to provide a model of spiritual leadership in the electricity industry. In addition, research is a type of development-applied research. At the beginning of the research, after reviewing the theoretical foundations and previous research and identifying 47 components for spiritual leadership, the Delphi questionnaire was designed.At this stage, 12 academic experts and managers of the electricity industry were consulted on the components of spiritual leadership, which after two rounds of experts reached a consensus and 45 components were finalized. Then, the spiritual leadership model was designed based on the results. In the next step, 46 electricity industry experts were polled about the priority of the identified components. The method of sampling was snowball and the adequacy of the sample and the method of data analysis was fuzzy TOPSIS method. The findings showed that the components of "commitment to organizational goals", "defining a common vision" and "loyalty" have the highest priority.According to the research results, due to the dry nature and technical and specialized hard work, using the model of spiritual leadership can have a great impact on improving the mental and psychological conditions of employees in the workplace and advancing organizational goals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
369 - Explaining work ethic among Iranians as a roadmap for the declaration of the second step of the revolution
Taha Ashayeri Tahereh Jahanparvar Seyed Kazem KazemiWork ethic is a person's moral responsibility in terms of job in the organization, which has characteristics such as: hard work, respect for work and effort, spirit of cooperation and participation in work, belonging and commitment to work and job duties, responsibility MoreWork ethic is a person's moral responsibility in terms of job in the organization, which has characteristics such as: hard work, respect for work and effort, spirit of cooperation and participation in work, belonging and commitment to work and job duties, responsibility, saving resources, Creativity and initiative, self-control and mastery of work, order and accuracy in work, punctuality and cheerfulness, honesty and avoidance of fraud and economic corruption. Compared to the international community, Iranian society faces economic problems, instability, high prices, high inflation, and class divisions. These issues are mostly related to internal cultural factors such as ethics. The present article seeks to study the roots of the factors affecting work ethic in Iranian society, which has been done by survey method. The statistical population of the study includes 38 cases, 21 of which were deliberately selected by observing the validity of the research and the quality of the publication and the authors. The results of this study show that the level of work ethic is at three levels high (31%), medium (15%) and low (54%) and in general, the level of work ethic in Iran is low. Also, there is a significant relationship between job, psychological, religious, commitment, organizational, governance, justice and social capital factors with work ethic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
370 - The Relationship Between Spirituality in the Workplace and Employee Commitment with Respect to the Mediating Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and the Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence
Alireza Mazidi Fatemeh JanginiaThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spirituality in the workplace and employee commitment with respect to the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior and the moderating role of emotional intelligence in Golestan Central Br MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spirituality in the workplace and employee commitment with respect to the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior and the moderating role of emotional intelligence in Golestan Central Broadcasting. The present study was conducted using descriptive / survey and correlation methods. The statistical population was all employees of Golestan Broadcasting Center, which numbered 400 people. Using Krejcie and Morgan's table, 196 people were determined as the sample size and the sampling method was simple random. The research data were collected by the library and field methods and the tools used were the standard questionnaires of spirituality in the workplace "Milliman et al", the standard questionnaire of employee commitment "Meyer and Allen", the standard questionnaire of organizational citizenship behavior "Podsakoff", and the standard questionnaire of emotional intelligence. "Bradbury and Graves." The reliability of the questionnaires was calculated using Cronbach's alpha method for workplace spirituality questionnaire 0.835, employee commitment questionnaire 0.864, organizational citizenship behavior questionnaire 0.823, and emotional intelligence questionnaire 0.856, and the validity of the instrument was confirmed by the convergent validity method. Also, data analysis was performed using the structural equation modeling method and Smart-PLS software, which shows the significance of all hypotheses, and in general, the research hypotheses have been confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
371 - Meta-Synthesis of Critical Thinking and Spiritual Intelligence of the Employees of the Ports and Maritime Organization of Iran
Alireza Sargolzaei Hamidreza Khodadadi DidaniThe purpose of this study was to identify new dimensions of critical thinking and spiritual intelligence of employees of the Ports and Maritime Organization of Iran. This research was conducted through meta-analysis. For this purpose, after searching databases in the pe MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify new dimensions of critical thinking and spiritual intelligence of employees of the Ports and Maritime Organization of Iran. This research was conducted through meta-analysis. For this purpose, after searching databases in the period 1980 to 2022, 38 studies that directly examined the subject of critical thinking and spiritual intelligence of employees of the organization entered the analysis stage. Selected studies for coding were entered into MAXQDA software. After the coding process, 60 distinct codes were identified. From the identified codes; Interest in having good information (18%), awareness of opportunities to use critical thinking (16%), identification of common ideas in selected areas (13%), trust in logical search process (10%), and honesty in dealing with individual biases and prejudices (9%) were the most important in terms of the number of citations in research terms, respectively. In the next step, the codes were divided into 16 themes and finally into 4 concepts (intellectual initiative, cognitive maturity, problem-solving skills, spiritual intelligence). Achieving a comprehensive model with a hybrid method is one of the innovations of this research that can be a model for other researchers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
372 - Effectiveness of group counseling based on therapeutic method for responsibility and spiritual health of working girls of Farhangsara Pegah, Is
Atefeh Abbasi Hajar BaratiThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of group counseling based on compassion therapy approach on the responsibility and spiritual health of the girls of Farhangsara Pegah Isfahan . The research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of group counseling based on compassion therapy approach on the responsibility and spiritual health of the girls of Farhangsara Pegah Isfahan . The research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. For this purpose, 30 working girls in the 10th district of Isfahan were selected by available sampling and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Before and after the intervention, the participants responded to the research instrument that included 42 questions from the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) Goff (1984), which was related to the dimension of responsibility, and the spiritual health questionnaire of Ellison and Polotzin (1983). Participants in the experimental group underwent eight 90-minute sessions of compassion therapy according to Gilbert's concepts and treatment plan (2014), but the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were analyzed at two descriptive levels (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (univariate analysis of covariance test). The results of univariate covariance analysis showed that group counseling based on compassion therapy approach has led to increased responsibility and spiritual health in working girls (p<0.05). Compassion-based group therapy increases self-responsibility in working girls by increasing self-kindness as well as increasing the sense of philanthropy. Working girls, because they are deprived of their rights such as education, health and proper nutrition, and being on the street for a long time, causes them to be exposed to different harms, including physical, mental, spiritual and social harms, and causes distance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
373 - The Relationship between Plagiarism and Spiritual Health among M.S Students of Knowledge &Information Science at Islamic Azad Universities in Tehran
Leila Nemati-Anaraki roya Pournaghi somayeh rezaei sakineh shekarchiObjective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between plagiarism and spiritual health among students of knowledge information science Islamic Azad universities in Tehran city. Methodology: The present study was a descriptive survey study. The statist MoreObjective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between plagiarism and spiritual health among students of knowledge information science Islamic Azad universities in Tehran city. Methodology: The present study was a descriptive survey study. The statistical population of the study was 486 people. Sampling was performed by simple random sampling. The estimated sample size was 215 based on Cochran's formula. Data collection tools were Goa (2011) plagiarism questionnaire and Paloutzian and Ellison (1982) spiritual health questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential tests) Pearson correlation coefficient) were used to analyze the data with the help of SPSS software version 20. Results: The results of Pearson test showed that there was a significant relationship between spiritual health and plagiarism there was a significant relationship between students' gender variables with plagiarism and spiritual health. There was no significant relationship between the undergraduate variable with spiritual health and plagiarism. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between the existential dimension of spiritual health and rate of plagiarism and the religious dimension of spiritual health and the rate of plagiarism. Conclusion: The results showed that the more spiritual health among students, the less scientific-literary theft among them. Therefore, university officials are advised to focus more on the dimensions of spiritual health among students to maintain a healthy scientific and literary environment in society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
374 - Measuring the relationship between workplace spirituality and organizational excellence in the National Library and Archives of Iran
Fatemeh Nooshinfard Azita KhodabakhshPurpose: The present study examine the relationship between Workplace Spirituality and organizational excellence in the National Library and Archives of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Methodology: Analytical survey method, and research population consists of 160 manager MorePurpose: The present study examine the relationship between Workplace Spirituality and organizational excellence in the National Library and Archives of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Methodology: Analytical survey method, and research population consists of 160 managers and librarians working in national library of Iran. The Questionnaire to measure spirituality in the workplace has been used the Milliman Questionnaire and has been used to determiningthe spirituality in three levels, individual, group and organizational. To set factors of excellence has been used standardized questionnaire that contains nine main criterions: Leadership, People, Policy and Strategy, Partnerships and Resources, Processes, People Results, Customer Results, Society Results and Key Performance Results. The data analysis has been done bySPSS software. Findings: In the case of spirituality at work the highest rate belonged to the “Group Level” with the average 24.04 and the lowest rate also belonged to the “Individual level” with an average of 22.5. Also, the F-test between the two groups in the field of Librarians and Non-librarians shows that there is a difference. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the level of organizational excellence and spirituality in the workplace in the National Library. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
375 - Effect of endophytic fungus, Piriformospora indica, on growth parameters and activity of antioxidant enzymes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salinity stress
Ali Asghar Bagheri Fariba KhosravinejadAbiotic stress including salinity is the major limiting factors of growth and crop production in arid and semiaridregions. The endophytic fungus,Piriformospora indica has a pronounced growth-promoting activity and also increasesplant resistance to environmental stresses MoreAbiotic stress including salinity is the major limiting factors of growth and crop production in arid and semiaridregions. The endophytic fungus,Piriformospora indica has a pronounced growth-promoting activity and also increasesplant resistance to environmental stresses including salinity, drought and plantpathogens. In order to study, experiment was conducted in completely randomized block design with three replicationsand with two levels of p.indica–inoculated and non-p.indica-inoculated rice(control) and four levels of NaCl (0, 100, 200 and 300 mM). This research deals with the potential of P. indica to improve growth parameters of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and increase its resistance to salt stress with base on increasing of antioxidant enzyme activities. Our study demonstrated P.indica significantly increased growth parameters for example shoot and root biomass, Relative Water Content(RWC), proline content and activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and in contrast, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content (produced from peroxidation of membrane lipids) in p.indica–inoculated than non-p.indica-inoculated rice under all of salt stress conditions.So our results showed that P. indica-induced protection of O.sativa against salt stress could be mediated by antioxidant enzymes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
376 - Study of Political Behaviors and Hypocritical Behaviors through Spirituality
fatemeh hoseni omid safari hadis ghasemyan aslThe main purpose of this research was to test the conceptual model between political behaviors and hypocritical behaviors with the mediation of spirituality in secondary school teachers of Mamsani city. In terms of nature and content, the research method was a correlati MoreThe main purpose of this research was to test the conceptual model between political behaviors and hypocritical behaviors with the mediation of spirituality in secondary school teachers of Mamsani city. In terms of nature and content, the research method was a correlational descriptive research. The statistical population of this research was all 284 secondary school teachers in Mamsani city, of which 284 were selected as a sample using Morgan's table and simple random sampling method. The tools of data collection were standard questionnaires of hypocritical behaviors (Danaei Fard et al.; 2013), Dobrin's political behaviors (1978) and Hall Edwards spirituality (1986). Inferential statistical methods of Pearson's correlation coefficient, regression analysis and path analysis were used in SPSS21 and PLS statistical software. The results of this research showed that there is a significant relationship between political behaviors and hypocritical behaviors through spirituality and the results of the research show He said that the conceptual model of political behaviors with hypocritical behaviors through spirituality and strategic thinking has a suitable fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
377 - Strategies and strategies for promoting spirituality and ethics in the realization of the advanced Islamic system
zeynab shahmoradianWhat is followed in this article is to express the strategies for promoting spirituality and morality in the realization of the advanced Islamic system. The order of life of human societies depends on the existence of government and sovereignty is a set of laws that exi MoreWhat is followed in this article is to express the strategies for promoting spirituality and morality in the realization of the advanced Islamic system. The order of life of human societies depends on the existence of government and sovereignty is a set of laws that existed and was accepted in society. In fulfilling their mission, the divine prophets sought to form a government to have the most basic program of "monotheism and the administration of justice" among the people, to develop "morality and spirituality" among human societies, and to provide the means to attain perfection and happiness. There are many ways to achieve morality and strengthen the spirituality of Islamic government in Muslim societies, and in this opportunity, a few cases will be addressed in this regard. In this regard, the Holy Quran, Nahj al-Balaghah and a book of elders have been used. He has called for the observance of justice and adornment with good morals, and this in itself can be a good model for the rulers in the Islamic system and can grow and exalt the Islamic society. On the other hand, the religious leaders of Islam as true explainers of the verses of truth They pays. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
378 - Components of religiosity and spirituality in adolescents
Siavash RastiKooshkeghazi Mojtaba Moazzami Hajieh Rajabifarjad Seyyed Ataollah EftekhariThis period can be considered as the era of special attention to spirituality. An era in which, despite the increasing spread of new technologies, there is a growing need for spirituality.According to research conducted in different societies, spirituality and religiosi MoreThis period can be considered as the era of special attention to spirituality. An era in which, despite the increasing spread of new technologies, there is a growing need for spirituality.According to research conducted in different societies, spirituality and religiosity have a positive effect on the quantitative and qualitative performance of individuals, so the study of these categories is very important. Although "religiosity" and "spirituality" are similar in many respects, they are different in some respects. The components of the difference between the two, although small, are of great importance. Spirituality includes religiosity, so although spirituality is inherent in human beings, there are also differences between spiritual man and religious man. On the other hand, education, type and amount, educational environment, managers and teachers of spirituality and religiosity are also effective on the amount and type of religiosity and spirituality. , Tries to determine the components of spirituality and religiosity in adolescents as the future makers of an independent, self-sufficient, dignified and cultured society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
379 - Investigate effected factors on development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran
Mehdi Mihandoost Amirmohsen Madani Serajeddin MohebbiThe aim of the current applied, descriptive and correlational study was to investigate effected factors on development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran. The research population comprised 2500 employees in Tax Affairs Org MoreThe aim of the current applied, descriptive and correlational study was to investigate effected factors on development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran. The research population comprised 2500 employees in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran out of whom a sample 322 was randomly selected, based on Morgan Table, to participate in the study. The research data were collected using a researcher-made five-point level Likert scale questionnaire comprising 3 factors and 48 items tapping the participants’ responses were. Therefore, 350 questionnaires were distributed among members of the target population. Having distributed and collected the questionnaires, we analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Descriptively, features like absolute and relative frequency, mean, standard deviation and variance of background and main variables were estimated. Inferentially, correlational tests, multiple regression and spirman used indicated that spirituality, social responsibility; religiosity had a significant effect on development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
380 - Investigating of virtual love and its resulting damages in the behavior of young people (case study: universities of Ardabil province)
iran soleimaniStudents' love may have a positive or negative effect on their behavior and affect the atmosphere of the university. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between university students' love and their behavior. The descriptive research method is con MoreStudents' love may have a positive or negative effect on their behavior and affect the atmosphere of the university. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between university students' love and their behavior. The descriptive research method is contextualization. Based on research hypotheses, to investigate the relationship between virtual love and its components with students' behavior (Ardebil universities) It also examines the relationship between demographic variables (gender, age and education) with virtual love. Standard MSQ, JDS, JSS questionnaires were used to collect information. 88% living environment, 60% beauty, 95% vulgar movies, 81% think that virtual communication, 98% of friends and 71% of lack of money in life are the reasons why young people fall into virtual love, that 54% of virtual love does not lead to marriage, 96% consider love marriage to be a cause of cynicism and lack of trust, 85% consider polygamy to be the cause of many divorces. 64% consider love to be an obstacle to academic progress. In sum, love and its components, respectively, vulgar movies, nabob friends, living environment, virtual communication, beauty and clothing, lack of finances, solidarity and had a significant relationship with students' behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
381 - Identifyingtheconceptualcomponentsoforganizationalintelligenceinlorestaneducationisaqualitativestuudy
Azizi Fatemeh Sayedmusa khadmi Amin RahimikiaThe aim of this study was to identify the conceptual components of organizational intelligence in Lorestan education based on qualitative research and content analysis. Content information of organizational intelligence was collected in two steps: First, the research ba MoreThe aim of this study was to identify the conceptual components of organizational intelligence in Lorestan education based on qualitative research and content analysis. Content information of organizational intelligence was collected in two steps: First, the research background of existing theories about organizational intelligence was comprehensively reviewed.Then, 15 educational management experts were interviewed and their opinions about organizational intelligence were recorded. Content analysis of research background and theories identified 9 components of organizational intelligence, namely, interpersonal communication, environmental compatibility, technology system, information system, knowledge management, strategic management, leadership in the organization, individual characteristics of intelligence and financial and infrastructure facilities of the organizationFrom the content analysis of interviews with experts 18 components of effective environmental classes, interpersonal interactions, cyberspace, lifelong learning, knowledge presentation, infrastructure, central issue, economic issues, organizational culture, organizational management, organizational purposefulness, organizational belonging, organizational justice, Spiritual intelligence, member encouragement, importance of education, wisdom and research were identified. The unique finding of this study, which was seen in interviews with experts, was the spirituality that should be considered in the study of organizational intelligence in education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
382 - investigate the role of religious culture and spirituality to the Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space in Iran
Syed Mahmoud HashemiThis study, Conducted in order to investigate the role of religious culture and spirituality to the Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space in Iran. The method conducted in this study is library literature one. In terms of the way of conducting, At Fir MoreThis study, Conducted in order to investigate the role of religious culture and spirituality to the Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space in Iran. The method conducted in this study is library literature one. In terms of the way of conducting, At First Phase, the researcher has analyzed and interpreted the data gathered. Descriptive method has been used to analyze the data of this study. In Next, the research problem were presented, and concept and components of religious culture and spirituality and then Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space were identified, and finally the pattern of the Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space on base of religious culture and spirituality, were presented. In general, it can be concluded that using the findings of the study, it is possible to formulate comprehensive and diverse programs of Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space in Iran that is established on base of religious culture and spirituality represented formulas and rules in "macro", "medium" and "operational" strategies to develop Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
383 - Design a qualitative model for the development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran
Mehdi Mihandoost Amirmohsen Madani Serajeddin MohebbiThe aim of this study was to design a qualitative model for the development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran. The statistical sample in the qualitative section included all university experts and experts in the field of MoreThe aim of this study was to design a qualitative model for the development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran. The statistical sample in the qualitative section included all university experts and experts in the field of management & psychology science, which was equal to 20 people. The research instrument consisted of researcher-made coding sheets whose validity was confirmed by Delphi group members and its reliability was calculated by P-Scott criterion of 0.95. Findings showed that the factors related to the model of the development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran related to the were identified in the form of 5 categories and 43 concept codes. Strategies (3 categories), contextual conditions (2 categories), intervening or mediating conditions (3 categories) and consequences (2 categories). In general, it can be concluded that using the findings of the study, it is possible to formulate comprehensive and diverse programs of development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran in "macro", "medium" and "operational" strategies to develop political culture in Communication & culture organization. To be obtained in the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
384 - Investigate Effected Factors on Enhancement of Health Culture at Education of Iran
Leila Farjadmand Esfandyar Doshman Zyari Abbasali Ghayoumi Esmaeil KavousyThe aim of the current applied, descriptive and correlational study was to investigate effected factors on enhancement of health culture at education of Iran. The research population comprised 400 employees in education in Tehran out of whom a sample 124 was randomly se MoreThe aim of the current applied, descriptive and correlational study was to investigate effected factors on enhancement of health culture at education of Iran. The research population comprised 400 employees in education in Tehran out of whom a sample 124 was randomly selected, based on Morgan Table, to participate in the study. The research data were collected using a researcher-made five-point level Likert scale questionnaire comprising 5 factors and 44 items tapping the participants’ responses were. Therefore, 150 questionnaires were distributed among members of the target population. Having distributed and collected the questionnaires, we analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Descriptively, features like absolute and relative frequency, mean, standard deviation and variance of background and main variables were estimated. Inferentially, correlational tests, multiple regression and spirman used indicated that design style & … had a significant effect on Quality of Guestcarees services at 4 Stars hotels in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
385 - Development and Effectiveness of a Theoretical Healthy Biological Model of Students' Lifestyle in Iranian Society (Case Study of Shiraz University Students)
نجف مراد حاصلیA lifestyle oriented towards health and well-being is desirable in which body, mind and soul are integrated so that one can live life more fully in a human state and in a natural society. Ideally, a healthy lifestyle is the optimal state of health and well-being that ev MoreA lifestyle oriented towards health and well-being is desirable in which body, mind and soul are integrated so that one can live life more fully in a human state and in a natural society. Ideally, a healthy lifestyle is the optimal state of health and well-being that every individual is able to achieve. In addition, a healthy biological structure is a "result" and a "process." Because healthy living is a goal to achieve and the way in which people live daily "In other words, healthy living refers to the desired activity of the individual in society. » It is a state of being in which the potential to live, work and participate in society it develops through positive personal choice at the desired and integrated level of healthy biological, scientific, social, emotional, spiritual, occupational, physical dimensions. This study was conducted on the development and effectiveness of a theoretical theoretical model of healthy living lifestyle of students in Iranian society (case study of Shiraz University students). The statistical population of this research is all managers. Deputies and experts form the universities of Shiraz. The total population is 380 people. Using Cochran's formula of 289 people as a grid selection example, in this research, statistical techniques and SPSS software are used to analyze the data. This research is of survey and applied type. In this research, first the indicators were identified and the research hypotheses were developed based on these indicators, and finally, using statistical techniques, all the hypotheses were proved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
386 - Analysis of the relationship spiritual intelligence and organizational commitment of staff departments and youth sport (Case study: Golestan Province)
باران ورهرام عبدالرضا جعفری Abstract: Commitment is a manner that shows employees union process with organization. Spiritual intelligence is adaptive application of spiritual information in order to facilitate routing problems and achievement of the goal. So the goal research was to An More Abstract: Commitment is a manner that shows employees union process with organization. Spiritual intelligence is adaptive application of spiritual information in order to facilitate routing problems and achievement of the goal. So the goal research was to Analysis of the relationship spiritual intelligence and organizational commitment of staff of Sport and Youth Offices. population included employees of the offices of youth and sport in golestan province are 85 all together. Two Standard questionnaire was used to collect data, from Badi and his colleagues spiritual intelligence (1389) and organizational commitment of Allen and Mayer (1984) is used. The findings showed that there is a relationship between spiritual intelligence and organizational commitment Multiple regression results also indicate that a standard deviation change in component of addressing the moral individualities causes (0/320) standard deviation change in the organizational commitment of Sport and Youth Offices of golestan province. Therefore, it is suggested to focus more on spiritual intelligence in Golestan province of Sport and Youth Offices as it affects the organizational commitment of the staff. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
387 - Impact of Spiritual Leadership and Social Security feeling on Empowerment of Female Managers in Tehran Municipality Sport Complexes
elahe abdolmajid faride sharifi far Impact of Spiritual Leadership and Social Security feeling on Empowerment of Female Managers in Tehran Municipality Sport Complexes AbstractThe purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership and social More Impact of Spiritual Leadership and Social Security feeling on Empowerment of Female Managers in Tehran Municipality Sport Complexes AbstractThe purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership and social security feeling on the empowerment of female managers in Tehran municipalitysport complexes. This research is an applied purpose; descriptive-correlative research. The statistical population is all female managers of Tehran municipalitysport complexes. 101 of them were selected by simple random sampling.The FERI Spiritual Leadership Questionnaire (2005); Spritzer Empowerment Questionnaire (1995) and the Maleki Social Security feeling Questionnaire (2011) were used to collect data.The validity of the theoretical model and calculating the coefficients of influence were evaluated using the structural equation modeling method by PLS software. The results of the research showed that spiritual leadership has a significant effect on empowerment (t = 3.54, p = 0.001). Also, social security feeling has a negative significanteffect on empowerment of female managers (t = -3.12, p = 0.001). Managers should strengthen the ability, spirituality and social security in their employees by learning and implementing the components of leadership in their environment, and by drawing the goals and prospects for employees to create a positive image of the future and the sense of competence and effectiveness of their efforts in order toachieve goals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
388 - طراحی و اعتبارسنجی پرسشنامه هوش معنوی زبان آموزان با روش تلفیقی
Masoumeh Azadi Parviz Maftoon Minoo Alemiما می توانیم از دریچه هوش معنوی (SI) نگاهی تازه و جدید به موقعیت آموزشی و ظرفیت های یادگیرندگان داشته باشیم. در مطالعه حاضر بر اساس پیشینه موضوع و تاریخچه مطالعه شده و مصاحبه با 22 زبان آموز، یک پرسشنامه 27 آیتمی طراحی شد که بین 360 زبان آموز انگلیسی توزیع شده و ا Moreما می توانیم از دریچه هوش معنوی (SI) نگاهی تازه و جدید به موقعیت آموزشی و ظرفیت های یادگیرندگان داشته باشیم. در مطالعه حاضر بر اساس پیشینه موضوع و تاریخچه مطالعه شده و مصاحبه با 22 زبان آموز، یک پرسشنامه 27 آیتمی طراحی شد که بین 360 زبان آموز انگلیسی توزیع شده و از روش پژوهشی اکتشافی تلفیقی استفاده شد. از طریق تجزیه و تحلیل داده های کیفی(تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی (EFA عناصر هوش معنوی زبان آموزان مشخص و چهار فاکتور استخراج شد با عناوین: (1) یادگیری زبان انگلیسی برای منافع شخصی، اجتماعی و آموزشی، (2) یادگیری زبان انگلیسی برای پیشرفت های شخصی، اجتماعی و تحصیلی، (3) یادگیری زبان انگلیسی برای ترویج ارزش های مذهبی، و (4) یادگیری زبان انگلیسی برای ارتباطات بین فرهنگی. نتایج مطالعه حاکی از آن است که این مقیاس، معیاری با روایی و پایایی معتبر و قابل اعتماد برای اندازه گیری هوش معنوی زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی است. نتایج حاصل از مطالعه همچنین نشان داد که هوش معنوی با جنسیت و سطح تحصیلات رابطه معناداری دارد. این یافته ها می تواند به محققان کمک کند تا تعریفی از هوش معنوی ارائه دهند و هوش معنوی زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی را اندازه گیری کنند. نتایج این مطالعه می تواند برای مربیان، دانشگاهیان، نظریه پردازان، مراکز تربیت معلم، معلمان، طراحان برنامه درسی، و برنامه ریزان آموزشی مفید واقع شود بویژه اگرآنان به اهمیت هوش معنوی در زمینه آموزشی و تأثیر آن بر عملکرد زبان آموزان توجه داشته باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
389 - The nature of the Holy Spirit in Christian and Islamic mysticism
Jamshid Sarmastani alireza ebrahimThe Holy Spirit is the third of the three figures in Christian mysticism and sacred existence in Islam, and no worthy effort has been made regarding the dimensions of its nature in Christian and Islamic mysticism. In explaining this nature, the two basic questions are w MoreThe Holy Spirit is the third of the three figures in Christian mysticism and sacred existence in Islam, and no worthy effort has been made regarding the dimensions of its nature in Christian and Islamic mysticism. In explaining this nature, the two basic questions are what is the Holy Spirit and what are its characteristics and attributes? This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and comparative approach and its data has been collected through library and software sources and its main purpose is to recognize the various dimensions of the nature of the Holy Spirit in Christian and Islamic mysticism and determine the commonalities of this nature. The necessity and importance of this research is based on the fact that human beings, by recognizing the nature of the Holy Spirit, can recognize his material and spiritual abilities and capacities and, through this, benefit from them. The results of this study indicate that due to the great commonality in the dimensions of the nature of the Holy Spirit in Christian and Islamic mysticism, the nature of this holy being is the same in the mysticism of the two religions, . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
390 - The spiritual frequency of the narrations of the underworld
Masumah Azarakhsh Mahdi Eizadi Mehryar Shababi Jawad Ala' Al-MuhaddethinThe issue of obtaining a covenant and covenant from human beings based on accepting the Lordship of the One God Almighty before their worldly creation is one of the important issues of the Qur'an, which is raised in verse 172 of Surah A'raf - known as the verse of the C MoreThe issue of obtaining a covenant and covenant from human beings based on accepting the Lordship of the One God Almighty before their worldly creation is one of the important issues of the Qur'an, which is raised in verse 172 of Surah A'raf - known as the verse of the Covenant of Elst. The narrations that are known as "the narrations of the particle world" in narrative societies confirm the existence of the particle world in the mentioned verse. The problem is that some thinkers have considered these narrations as individual news items and some as consecutive news items. With the collection of the hadiths of the underworld, which are sometimes scattered and sometimes coherently quoted in narrative sources, and the elimination of repetitions and cases of overlap, it became clear that although these hadiths can not be considered verbal continuity, but their comprehensive spiritual value can be considered as spiritual frequency. . In this way, the problems of those who have considered the acceptance of hadiths in the field of beliefs to be conditional on their frequency are answered. The method for doing this article is library.worldlyˈwərldlēTranslations of worldlyAdjectiveFrequencyدنیویworldly, mundane, secular, temporal, terrestrial, earthyمادیmaterial, physical, materialist, corporeal, worldly, somaticاین جهانیworldly, mundane, terrestrial, sublunar, sublunaryخاکیearthen, earthy, earthly, terrestrial, khaki, worldlyجسمانیphysical, bodily, corporeal, material, sensual, worldlyDefinitions of worldlyAdjective1(of a person) experienced and sophisticated.she was much more worldly than Nora and dismissed the slurSynonyms:having been aroundsophisticatedexperiencedworldly-wiseknowledgeableknowingawareenlightenedshrewdastuteperceptivemedia-savvymatureseasonedcosmopolitanurbanecultivatedculturedunprovincial2of or concerned with material values or ordinary life rather than a spiritual existence.his ambitions for worldly successSynonyms:sublunaryterrenelaicearthlyterrestrialtemporalmundanemortalhumannonspiritualunspiritualmaterialmaterialisticphysicaltangiblecarnalfleshlybodilycorporealgrosssensualbasesordidvileprofanesecularlaynonchurchnonreligiousExamples of worldlyhis ambitions for worldly successshe was much more worldly than Nora and dismissed the slurSynonyms of worldlyAdjectivehaving been aroundsophisticatedsublunaryearthly44 more synonyms Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
391 - Moral, spiritual and otherworldly components of bowing in the Quran and hadiths
Fatemah Mansuri Mutlaq Tayyebah Akbari Rad Maryam Haji Abdalbaqi Ruku is one of the most important pillars of prayer, which is considered to be the highest worship in Islam, so much so that its importance has been repeatedly emphasized and recommended in the Holy Qur'an. Because it brings the remembrance of God into t More Ruku is one of the most important pillars of prayer, which is considered to be the highest worship in Islam, so much so that its importance has been repeatedly emphasized and recommended in the Holy Qur'an. Because it brings the remembrance of God into the human heart and brings him closer to the ultimate goal of servitude, which is nearness to God. Bowing is bowing before the greatness of God and acknowledging the oneness of God. Humility and obedience can be considered as one of the most important results and its effects, which itself removes arrogance in acts of worship. In the forthcoming research that has been done in the field of Quran and Hadith, the effects of bowing have been studied descriptively-analytically including moral, spiritual and otherworldly benefits and the following items have been found; Among them: bowing causes obedience, avoiding sin and the cry of the devil, adorning oneself with the light of the divine price, dwelling in the shadow of His majesty and dressing in the clothes of the elect, the angels being surprised by the divine light and boasting, and boasting to the person who prays, expressing politeness and avoiding arrogance. Purification of the heart from jealousy, the background of understanding the province through the love and affection of the Imams, achieving salvation and nearness, relief from the fear of the grave and the sanctity of the body leaning on the fire, a good end and reaching the highest position and attaining happiness And the opening of the doors of divine mercy and finally the respect of God to the rak'ah. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
392 - Mystical Aesthetics: An Analysis Based on Hegel's Philosophy of Aesthetics
Narjes Tohidifar Saeid Asadi Comparing phenomena is a way to know their different layers, as well as a way to discover new and hidden ones. By using analytical-comparative method, the present study investigates and compares mysticism and beauty. At first, the concept of beauty, the process o More Comparing phenomena is a way to know their different layers, as well as a way to discover new and hidden ones. By using analytical-comparative method, the present study investigates and compares mysticism and beauty. At first, the concept of beauty, the process of its creating and the way to understand it is examined. Then, some instances of beauty in Islamic mysticism are introduced. The study focuses more on the intuitive aspect of beauty associated with mysticism. The results show that according to Hegel, art is the recording of transient moments happening for artist in an impressionistic moment. In this way, the artist transforms the transient moment into a persistent and eternal one. Also, in Islamic mysticism, in an intuitive moment (which is the same as an impressionistic moment in Hegel's aesthetics) the mystic observes the beauty of the celestial geometry in the loci of manifestations due to his/her constant attention to the Divine beauty. These manifestations include from the beauty of the human face in carnal love to the smallest particles of the universe. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
393 - Re-description of Spiritual Journey in Fictional Literature: (The Case Study: Tuesdays with Morrie)
Leila Hāshemiyān Nasrin NisiSpiritual journey (suluk) has been noticed in fictions from classic to modern age, and it has been put forward in all countries with different literary styles. Many books have paid attention to spiritual journey of man towards God and have re-described it. Tuesdays with MoreSpiritual journey (suluk) has been noticed in fictions from classic to modern age, and it has been put forward in all countries with different literary styles. Many books have paid attention to spiritual journey of man towards God and have re-described it. Tuesdays with Morrie, by American author Mitch Albom, is a story that entertains the levels of perfection in a real-fictional context. In the present article, by using descriptive and library methods, mystical motifs and topics that definitely are foundation of the process of a spiritual journey (suluk) are considered and compared with traditional mysticisms. We have come to the conclusion that the process of spiritual journey (suluk) has transformed in the mind of the author. The concepts, like old man, awakening and consciousness, have definite meaning in classic mysticism, but in the modern age, while keeping the same meanings, they have been presented in new form and style. In the present article, the stages of spiritual journey of the main character of the story have been classified, and it has been emphasized on capacities of contemporary fictional literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
394 - The Voyage of Spirit in The Red Book and Ma’arif: A Comparative Study
Bitā Tahān Mohammad Rezā Roozbeh Seyyed Mohsen Hosseini Moakhar Ali NooriThe Red Book is an unusual work by Carl Gustav Jung, whose descendants have recently authorized its publication. In this book, he expresses his spiritual developments, pursues his inner images in a symbolic language and tries to find his forgotten soul. Also, Bahā ud-Dī MoreThe Red Book is an unusual work by Carl Gustav Jung, whose descendants have recently authorized its publication. In this book, he expresses his spiritual developments, pursues his inner images in a symbolic language and tries to find his forgotten soul. Also, Bahā ud-Dīn Walad, the father of Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, in his book, Ma’arif (the Gnosis), expresses his mystical intuitions frankly. The present article attempts to consider the voyage of spirit in these two works by using descriptive – analytical method. Therefore, the themes of "the spirit of the depths" and "the spirit of this time" discussed in The Red Book are compared to concepts of wisdom and soul discussed in Ma’arif; and at the end, the results of this voyage are mentioned. The purpose is to express the similarities and differences between the views of a mystic and a psychologist. The results show that Jung speaks of "the spirit of the depths" that is his guide and saves him from the "the spirit of this time", but Bahā ud-Dīn Walad does not say anything about the types of spirits and his only guide is God. According to Jung, at the end of the voyage, "if the hero in you is slain, then the sun of the depths rises in you". In Ma’arif, Bahā ud-Dīn Walad kills the carnal soul and his soul is enlightened to Divine lights. Manuscript profile -
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395 - Classification in Mystical Texts (The Case Study: Attarof Nishapur’s Manṭiq-uṭ-Ṭayr and Khwaja Abdullah Ansari’s Manāzel al-Sāerīn)
Seyyedeh Zeynab Hoseini Mohsen AkbarizadehOne of the topics discussed in Sufi books is the dividing into stages and classification of spiritual journey (suluk). The history of dividing into stages of suluk is in line with the history of Islam, but among the Sufis, the prevalence of this dividing and classificat MoreOne of the topics discussed in Sufi books is the dividing into stages and classification of spiritual journey (suluk). The history of dividing into stages of suluk is in line with the history of Islam, but among the Sufis, the prevalence of this dividing and classification has been clear since the second century AH. From the very beginning of the spread of mysticism, differences between mystics about the classifications were seen, and even in the various writings of a mystic, these differences were visible. In this research, an attempt has been made to show the effective factors in the method of dividing into stages of suluk and to explain the reasons for these classifications. For this purpose, among the famous works of mystics, two important works - Manṭiq-uṭ-Ṭayr by Attar of Nishapur and Manāzel al-Sāerīn by Khwaja Abdullah Ansari - have been selected and the method of classification of suluk have been compared in them by using the descriptive-analytical method. The results show that different mystical experiences, methods of suluk, types of Fiqhi (Islamic law) attitude and socio-political conditions have caused differences in dividing and classification of spiritual journey (suluk); and thus, differences in the method of naming, the order and number of spiritual stations, etc. have been formed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
396 - The Leaders of the Spirits in the Mythologies of Nations; A Comparative Analysis
shahin ghasemi masumeh mirabOne of the most important topics in the mythologies of nations is how spirits are guided to the afterlife and enter the world of afterlife. In various myths and based on the beliefs of each ethnic group about immortality, the "leader" is a person who guides the spirits MoreOne of the most important topics in the mythologies of nations is how spirits are guided to the afterlife and enter the world of afterlife. In various myths and based on the beliefs of each ethnic group about immortality, the "leader" is a person who guides the spirits of the dead - according to their deeds and actions - to their eternal place. In the present research, by using an analytical-comparative method, the types of leaders are introduced in Iranian and other nations mythology, and the relationship between the leader and the gender of the dead person is explained. By recognizing the role of the leaders, people used to gain a deeper understanding of the afterlife, their fears and anxieties decreased, and they calmed down. The research findings show that the performance of the leaders of the spirits is evaluated based on the good or bad deeds of the dead, and the role of the leader in the mythology of one nation is different from its role in the mythology of other nations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
397 - The "Spiritual Man" in the Thoughts of Jalāl-al Din Rumi and Wayne Dyer; A Comparative Study
Maryam Mardani Varposhti Hosein Hasanpur alashti Maseod Rohani Ali akbar Bagheri khaliliAnalyzing human nature is one of the most basic philosophical, religious and sociological issues. Also, knowing the characteristics of spiritual man and the ways to achieve happiness is one of the main topics in mystical schools. Many scholars and mystics - both in the MoreAnalyzing human nature is one of the most basic philosophical, religious and sociological issues. Also, knowing the characteristics of spiritual man and the ways to achieve happiness is one of the main topics in mystical schools. Many scholars and mystics - both in the West and in the East - have addressed this issue and reached different results. In the present essay, by using descriptive-comparative method, the intellectual systems of Jalāl-al Din Rumi and Wayne Dyer are studied on the issue of "spiritual man" and the common thoughts of these two thinkers are explained. The research findings show that the similarities between their views are much more than the differences. This is due to Dyer's great influence from Rumi's teachings and shows that their intellectual source, that is mysticism, is the same. The main point of commonality between the two is the concept of "unity of being" and the most important difference is the issue of "belief in divine punishment". Manuscript profile -
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398 - The Mystical and Mythological Perspective of Shahrnush Parsipur on Women and Their Social Position in Her Novel Women Without Men
solmaz pourtaghimiandoab toroj aghdai Heidar Hassan Lou MEHRI TALKHABIMystical stories serve as a means of spreading awareness and promoting spirituality in the realm of mysticism and human progress towards self-transcendence. Numerous authors have focused on transcendence under the guise of mysticism and spiritual experience in their wor MoreMystical stories serve as a means of spreading awareness and promoting spirituality in the realm of mysticism and human progress towards self-transcendence. Numerous authors have focused on transcendence under the guise of mysticism and spiritual experience in their works. Shahrnush Parsipur is one such writer who views the lives of her fictional characters through a mystical lens and portrays immortality in reality. In her renowned novel Women Without Men, Parsipur employs mystical elements to create her female characters. The objective of this research is to investigate the social and mystical perspective of Shahrnush Parsipur towards women and their social status, based on the novel, using an analytical-descriptive approach. The findings of this research suggest that each character in the novel can be considered a representative of a segment of women's society; women who, by attaining self-knowledge and embarking on a spiritual journey, strive to understand the truth of their existence and seek inner purity, immortality, and truth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
399 - The Myth of Creation from Ismā'eilism Perspective and its Terms
Gholāmrezā DehbodThe thoughts of Ismāʿīlī about Creation begin with a mythical description and form by using the ideas of Pythagoreans, Neoplatonists, kabbalists and Ikhwān al-Ṣafā (Brethren of Purity). Ismā'eilism has been formed by the theory of mysterious numbers, the theory of Ideas MoreThe thoughts of Ismāʿīlī about Creation begin with a mythical description and form by using the ideas of Pythagoreans, Neoplatonists, kabbalists and Ikhwān al-Ṣafā (Brethren of Purity). Ismā'eilism has been formed by the theory of mysterious numbers, the theory of Ideas, and paralleling between natural and divine phenomenon which confirms their religious beliefs and rightfulness of their religious leaders. Ismāʿīlī uses five terms for describing the creation as well as two and five terms for expressing other important ideas. The present article attempts to consider the thoughts of Ismāʿīlī and the views of Nasir Khusraw about the myth of creation. Manuscript profile -
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400 - The Role of Goddesses in the Intellectual- Spiritual world of Ancient Iranian: a Mythological Approach
S.Āmeneh Mir Khoshkhoo Abdolrahmān ĀlemGoddesses, among other deities, are impressive and meaningful in the life of ancient people. They have drawn attention in the most ancient civilizations, such as Greece and Mesopotamia, and especially they have been connected to the thoughts of ancient Iranians. So, und MoreGoddesses, among other deities, are impressive and meaningful in the life of ancient people. They have drawn attention in the most ancient civilizations, such as Greece and Mesopotamia, and especially they have been connected to the thoughts of ancient Iranians. So, understanding the ancient spiritual world in the epics will be deficient, if we don’t pay due attention to femininity of the goddesses. The authors of the present article try to study the role of woman in the myth of creation and myths of feminine divines based on historical and mythical resources. This point is made with regard to the age of matriarchy and worshiping of the female gods, the role of women in the myth of creation and divine feminine myths. It seems that from historical and ethnological point of views the worshiping goddesses occurs in the same age as matriarchy and centrality of communities based on women-mothers.The chronological precedence of matriarchy over patriarchy and the coincidence of worshiping goddesses and age of matriarchy show that impressive gods were female, but because of social changes in the passage of time the power of women-mothers have eroded and transformed to men-fathers and as a result the importance of the goddesses were lost. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
401 - Common Themes in Mystical Teachings of Rūmi & Osho
Fatemeh Kakavand Qaleh Nouee Mohammadali GozashtiFrom the beginning of the creation, man seeks a way to know his creator. Appearing and development of mystical schools refers to this need. From way back, Iran has been a cradle of mysticism and culture, and the rich Persian literature has expressed ample mystical and c MoreFrom the beginning of the creation, man seeks a way to know his creator. Appearing and development of mystical schools refers to this need. From way back, Iran has been a cradle of mysticism and culture, and the rich Persian literature has expressed ample mystical and cultural concepts. But it is necessary to review mystical doctrines to coordinate them with the ways of thinking of modern man. The teachings of Jalāl al-Din Rūmi have been inspiring for many thinkers throughout the world and we can see the traces of his ideas in some contemporary spiritual movements. In the present article, the attempt has been made to compare common themes in mystical thoughts of Rūmi and teachings of Osho. The results of the research show that many of teachings of Osho can be found in mysticism of Rūmi, and these teachings can guide the modern man to reach to spirituality and exalted mystical state. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
402 - Divine Birth and Death in Masnavi
mohammad mohammadpour navide bazargan amir hosein mahoziScholars believe that man has two kinds of birth: 1) formal and 2) the second or spiritual birth. The spiritual birth, which is also called divine birth and wedding of eternity, is one of the foundations of mysticism of Mulānā Jalāl-al Din Rumī. Like the mystics who bel MoreScholars believe that man has two kinds of birth: 1) formal and 2) the second or spiritual birth. The spiritual birth, which is also called divine birth and wedding of eternity, is one of the foundations of mysticism of Mulānā Jalāl-al Din Rumī. Like the mystics who believe to expansion and intoxication, he speaks about loving death and considers it as a state of human evolution, in which one moves from realm of multiplicity and world of nature to realm of unity and world of divine. According to Rumī, the spiritual birth depends on faith, spiritual fatherhood and love. On the basis of the anecdotes of Masnavi Manvi, the present article tries to explain different kinds of birth, factors affecting volitional death, state, features, ways and benefits of this kind of death. Manuscript profile -
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403 - Spiritual Experiences of People with Gender Dysphoria
Mehrdad Abdullahzadh Nahid HeidariThis study aimed to investigate the spiritual experiences of people with gender dysphoria The search method was descriptive phenomenography in the forensic field of the south of Iran. 10 participants with Gender Dysphoria (4 biological females and 6 biological mal MoreThis study aimed to investigate the spiritual experiences of people with gender dysphoria The search method was descriptive phenomenography in the forensic field of the south of Iran. 10 participants with Gender Dysphoria (4 biological females and 6 biological males) were selected by purposeful snowballing and were interviewed in-depth and semi-structured. Data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis technique. In axial coding, while comparing categories and codes with each other, their relationship was examined, and finally, the main theme of desire for spirituality followed by general categories titled Resort, Acceptance, Destiny, and Relaxation was extracted from data analysis. Results showed that the spiritual experiences of transgender people cover a wide range of principles. The participants in the study cited the feelings of insecurity, fear of loneliness, and Finding identity as their main reasons for paying attention to spirituality. Findings suggest that in addition to the physical need, the spiritual dimension of transgender people's lives must be carefully considered to ensure their individual and social health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
404 - conceptual basics of loneliness:a qualitytive study
Susan Rahimzadeh Hamid Reza Pour Etemad Ali Asgari Mohammad Reza Hojjatthis study was aimed to explore the conceptual components of loneliness experiences based on qualitative research and content analysis approaches among Iranian university students. To collect content information about loneliness, three steps were taken. First, the liter Morethis study was aimed to explore the conceptual components of loneliness experiences based on qualitative research and content analysis approaches among Iranian university students. To collect content information about loneliness, three steps were taken. First, the literature on loneliness and its measurements reviewed comprehensively. Second, 10 counselors (4 females, 6 males), and 10 college students (6 females, 4 males) were interviewed and their views regarding loneliness were recorded. Third, 135 college students (94 females, 41 males) completed a loneliness open-ended questionnaire. Content analysis of the literature review resulted in seven components of loneliness:emotional, social, family, romantic, friends, larger groups (group affiliation), and existential loneliness. Five components were identified from the content analysis of interviews with counselors: individual/ emotional, social/ relational, family/ relational, existential, and religious/spiritual. Four components emerged from interviews with students: individual/emotional, relational, romantic, and religious/spiritual. Three components were recognized from the openended questionnaire: individual/emotional, relational (relations with others, family, friends, larger groups), and religious/spiritual. In this study, the emergence of religious/spiritual component of loneliness was unique and suggested that this component must be included in any measurement of loneliness in Iranian samples. Based on these findings, an instrument consistent with Iranian culture can be developed for measuring loneliness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
405 - The Role of Meaning, Peace and Faith in Quality of Life Dimensions of Women with Cancer
Mehrnoush Hamzehlouiyan Mohammad Ali Besharat Abbas Rahiminezhad Hadi Zamanian Hojatollah FarahaniThe aim of this study was to examine the contribution of meaning, peace and faith as spiritual health components in explaining the quality of life (QoL) of patients with breast cancer. One hundred and twenty five patients from 3 hospitals in Tehran participated in this MoreThe aim of this study was to examine the contribution of meaning, peace and faith as spiritual health components in explaining the quality of life (QoL) of patients with breast cancer. One hundred and twenty five patients from 3 hospitals in Tehran participated in this study. After deletion of incomplete data, the data of 117 participants entered in the final analysis. The participants completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B; Brady et al., 1997) and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-sp; Peterman et al., 2002). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression. The results indicated that all aspects of spirituality had positive and significant relationship with quality of life, except for faith which did not have relationship with social, arm and breast cancer-specific domains. Among three aspects of spiritually, peace had the highest association with the outcomes, although meaning had the highest relationship with patients’ social quality of life. Finally, peace had the most prominent contribution in predicting the overall quality of life. The findings suggest that spirituality may affect patients’ quality of life. Therefore, spirituality is very important in the care of patients with breast cancer, particularly the affective aspect of spirituality (peace) can be the focus of spiritually oriented psychological interventions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
406 - the relationship of atachment style and perceived parenting style to spiritual experiences and religious practices
Hamidreza Zarrin Kelk Saied Tabatabai Barzokithe present study was conducted to examine the relationships of attachment and perceived parenting styles to spiritual experiences and religious practices. Three hundred and thirty three male students were selected from Allameh Tabatabaie university using cluster sampli Morethe present study was conducted to examine the relationships of attachment and perceived parenting styles to spiritual experiences and religious practices. Three hundred and thirty three male students were selected from Allameh Tabatabaie university using cluster sampling. The participants completed the Parenting Authority Questionnaire (Buri, 1991), Attachment Style Inventory (Besharat, 2000) and the Multidimensional Assessment of Spirituality and Religiosity (National Institute of Health, 1999). The results indicated that there were positive significant relations between secure attachment style and spirituality experiences and religious practices in adulthood. Also, there were positive significant relations between authoritative parenting and spirituality experiences and religious practices. In all, it can be concluded that the authoritative parenting and secure attachment are good predictors of spiritual experiences and religious practices in adulthood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
407 - The Relationship between Spirituality and Cognitive Emotion Regulation
Bahram Jowkar Fateme KamaliThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between spirituality and cognitive emotion regulation dimensions. Three hundred and eighty seven undergraduate students (228 females, 160 males) were selected from Shiraz University using multistage sampling method. MoreThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between spirituality and cognitive emotion regulation dimensions. Three hundred and eighty seven undergraduate students (228 females, 160 males) were selected from Shiraz University using multistage sampling method. The participants completed the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski, Kraaij, & Spinhoven, 2001) and the Inclusive Spirituality Index (Muse-Burke, 2004).The results of simultaneous multiple regression indicated that transcendence and purpose and meaning in life had positive and significant effects on adaptive strategies. Transcendence had positive and significant effects on maladaptive strategies, and inner peace had negative and significant effect on maladaptive strategies. The findings suggest that spirituality predicted adaptive strategies positively and maladaptive strategies negatively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
408 - A Review of Notable Studies on Using Empirical Mode Decomposition for Biomedical Signal and Image Processing
Fereshteh Yousefi Rizi -
Open Access Article
409 - Detection of Seizure EEG Signals Based on Reconstructed Phase Space of Rhythms in EWT Domain and Genetic Algorithm
Hesam Akbari Somayeh Saraf Esmaili Sima Farzollah Zadeh -
Open Access Article
410 - Congestive Heart Failure from ECG Prediction Using Empirical wavelets transform Algorithm
Nazanin Tataei Sarshar Mehdi Abdossalehi -
Open Access Article
411 - Genomic fingerprinting of some isolated Azospirillum spp. of wheat and maize fields by using rep-PCR.
Mahmood Shahabi Naser Panjekeh Hadi Asadi Rahmani Mohammad SalariBackground & Objectives: Azospirillum comprises rhizobacteria that live freely in the soil where they change gaseous nitrogen to nitrite and nitrate and as a result promote growth and yield of some economically important plants. This study aimed to isolate and ident MoreBackground & Objectives: Azospirillum comprises rhizobacteria that live freely in the soil where they change gaseous nitrogen to nitrite and nitrate and as a result promote growth and yield of some economically important plants. This study aimed to isolate and identify different native species of Azospirillum and to investigate their genetic diversity as plant growth-promoting factors. Materials & Methods: In this research, some soil and root samples from wheat and maize fields of Isfahan province were collected and cultured in the tubes containing nitrogen-free bromothymol blue (NFB) semisolid media. The Azospirillum isolates were chosen based on morphological properties on NFB and RC (Rojo Congo) media and then were purified. The detection and identification of Azospirillum isolates was done by molecular tests using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and genomic fingerprinting with rep-PCR (repetitive extragenic palindromic elements-polymerase chain reaction). Results: The replication of 646 and 263 bp fragments by specific primers, confirmed the presence of Azospirilum bacteria. Azospirillum species were also identified as A. brasilense, A. lipoferum, and A. zeae using replication and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The genomic profiling of different Azospirillum isolates produced unique band patterns through application of repetitive element BOX (BOX-AIR), ERIC (Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus), and REP and showed high genetic diversity between the isolates. Conclusion: According to this study, the Azospirillum isolates of wheat and maize fields of Isfahan province have different species and genetic diversity and band patterns amplified using rep-PCR can be useful for diagnosis and classification of Azospirillum species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
412 - Reflection of folklore in Shams' Ghazaliat
latifeh salamat bavilFolklore is a branch of the culture of each nation and its component parts. All known cultures and communities in the world have folklore. Its wide dimensions include customs, celebrations and rituals, traditions, beliefs and so on has been reflected in the works of man MoreFolklore is a branch of the culture of each nation and its component parts. All known cultures and communities in the world have folklore. Its wide dimensions include customs, celebrations and rituals, traditions, beliefs and so on has been reflected in the works of many poets and writers. Ghazaliat (lyrical poems) of Shams or Divan-e- Kabir as one of the richest cultural treasures of the Persian language is particular importance due to various components of folklore. It has deep roots in the culture of people it has come to serve mystical thoughts of Mowlana in that material and spiritual elements of folklore. This paper In a descriptive – analytical way analyzes the material and spiritual elements in Ghazaliat of Shams .Since the study of all components and indices of folklore is not possible in this paper therefore among the spiritual elements is reviewed the customs , beliefs and general language and among material elements is reviewed jobs, food and clothing. Mowlana has used these elements to express the link between poetry and the life of the people. Familiarizing them can open up many ambiguities of hia poems and give us a true understanding of them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
413 - Presenting the Forecasting Model of Bitcoin Return Using the hybrid Method of Deep Learning - Signal Decomposition Algorithm (CEEMD-DL)
sakineh sayyadi nezhad Ali Esmaeil Zadeh Mohammad Reza RostamiAbstract With the increasing popularity and widespread use of cryptocurrencies, the creation and development of methods for predicting price movements in this field has attracted a lot of attention. In between, recent developments in deep learning (DL) models with stru MoreAbstract With the increasing popularity and widespread use of cryptocurrencies, the creation and development of methods for predicting price movements in this field has attracted a lot of attention. In between, recent developments in deep learning (DL) models with structures such as long-short-term memory (LSTM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) have made improvements in the analysis of this type of data. Another approach that can be effective in the analysis of cryptocurrencies time series is the decomposition through algorithms such as complete integrated empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD). Considering the importance of forecasting in the cryptocurrencies field, in this research, by combining deep learning models and complete integrated empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD), The hybrid CEEMD-DL(LSTM) model has been used to forecast the bitcoin return (as the most popular currency). In this regard, the daily data of the total index of the Tehran Stock Exchange was used in the period of 2013/01/01 – 2022/05/28 and the results obtained were compared with the results of competing models based on efficiency measurement criteria. Based on the obtained results, the use of the introduced model (CEEMD-DL(LSTM)) has increased the efficiency and accuracy of bitcoin return forecasting. Accordingly, the use of this model in this field is suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
414 - An Analysis of the process of Formation and Importance of the Problem "the Origin of Ideas and Concepts" in the New Age of Western Philosophy
ahmad hamdollahiThe question of "the origin of ideas and concepts" is one of the most important issues in the new age of Western philosophy. In this article I have attempted to provide an analysis of the process of formation and importance of this issue during this period. I have shown MoreThe question of "the origin of ideas and concepts" is one of the most important issues in the new age of Western philosophy. In this article I have attempted to provide an analysis of the process of formation and importance of this issue during this period. I have shown in this analysis: The first step in the formation of this problem was the presentation of the Idea of innate ideas by the rationalists of new age, which is due to some of their metaphysical foundations and views, rather than answering an explicit and independent question called "the origin of ideas and concepts". At this stage, although the question of "the origin of ideas and concepts" has been raised in some way, it has not yet emerged as a serious and independent issue. In the second step, John Locke with the aim of rejecting of the Idea of innate ideas, for the first time explicitly and directly raising the question of "the origin of ideas and concepts" and discussing it seriously and in detail. Leibniz's re-defense of innate ideas against Locke's attacks, has led to the explicit formation of dualism of Rationalism and Empiricism for the first time, and thus making this debate particularly important. In the third and final step, Hume, by linking the fate of very important issues such as the possibility of Science and Metaphysics to the question of "the origin of ideas and concepts", makes it a matter of immense value that it never had before. Manuscript profile -
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415 - Explaining Religious Rationality and Criticism of Secular Rationality with Emphasis on Sadra
hasan yaghobi Davood KhoshbavarAbstractThe discussion of rationality is one of the most complex and important issues of epistemology. According to the analytical-logical study in the field of religion and secularism and the difference between rationality in these two areas which is the purpose of thi MoreAbstractThe discussion of rationality is one of the most complex and important issues of epistemology. According to the analytical-logical study in the field of religion and secularism and the difference between rationality in these two areas which is the purpose of this article, we will conclude that rationality in secularism is a tool rationality which is practiced in nature, spirituality and intellectual rationality. It reflects in everyday life a purely pragmatic and arbitrary view, and secularism has shaped and politicized its social world with instrumental rationality and influence in all aspects of Western social life. But in religious thought, rationality with a healthy nature requires spirituality, a controller, a moderator, and a modifier of political power; and with emphasis on religious scientific principles and rules for rationalizing certain principles such as reason, faith, sanctity, wisdom, hypocrisy, The purification of morality from the law is neededKeywords: Religious Rationality, Secularism, Humanism, Ethics, Wisdom, Hierarchy, Fitra, Spirituality, Reasoning, God-Worship, Sadrism Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
416 - A Study of the Position and Necessity of Freedom in Hegel’s Epistemology
Hamed Shivaei Shahla Eslami Shamsolmolouk MostafaviThe Hegel‘s philosophy of spirit is in the context and center of his philosophical system. Hegel, in spirit phenomenology, has attempted to investigate the spirit motion and its destinations within the history. According to Hegel, the world history is the history MoreThe Hegel‘s philosophy of spirit is in the context and center of his philosophical system. Hegel, in spirit phenomenology, has attempted to investigate the spirit motion and its destinations within the history. According to Hegel, the world history is the history of spirit motion towards the rationalization. The spirit motion in the history is a rational and intellectual and we observe, in each part of history, the interaction of spirit with the real and objective history in the one hand and the individual history and freedom in the other hand. The interaction of these aspects is finally realized in the absolute spirit that is the freedom. Therefore, the real formation of the absolute spirit can be observed in the history. Hegel believes that the absolute spirit is a place in which all the eternal and historical facts achieve their final realization and prosperity. The absolute spirit is like a bird which flies freely over the plains and hills of the history. In Hegel’s philosophy, the absolute spirit loses the possibility to realize its real essence without freedom. Indeed, freedom is the critical and consolidating element of Hegel’s philosophy of spirit. Undoubtedly, in Hegel’s philosophy, all affairs have the relationship with freedom as the creator of the absolute spirit in historical dialectic. Therefore, in this descriptive research, in addition to attempt for describing the Hegel’s philosophy of spirit, especially the individual, objective and absolute spirit, the position and necessity of freedom in Hegel’s philosophy of spirit will be discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
417 - Ibn Sina's Definition of Material and Immaterial and Its Consequences on His Bodily Resurrection
fatemeh satarzadeh mohammad Ali Akhgar abas ahmadi saadiAmong the Muslim philosophers, Ibn Sina had an important view on the material and abstract issue. According to his theory of grace, which believes in the arc of descent and ascent, he believes in the obligatory grace of all beings, both material and abstract. His though MoreAmong the Muslim philosophers, Ibn Sina had an important view on the material and abstract issue. According to his theory of grace, which believes in the arc of descent and ascent, he believes in the obligatory grace of all beings, both material and abstract. His thought on the type of material and immaterial relationship and the way these two concepts influence each other is such that he has reached the inability to prove the physical resurrection and has left it to the Shari'ah. Based on his talking about cosmology, which divides beings into single and material ones, he comes to the conclusion that physical resurrection is not provable and the words of the Prophet must be trusted. The main question is: what are the consequences of the material and abstract concept in Ibn Sina's philosophy upon his psychology and eschatology. The current study aims to clarify the consequences of these two concepts in Ibn Sina's philosophy by examining the definition, and then he considers physical resurrection as an unprovable proof with these two concepts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
418 - Foundations of Reformed Epistemology and the mesure of Reid`s Influence
Abbas Yazdani Hosein ali NasrollahiReformed epistemology as a new school in philosophy of religion, particularly in religious epistemology which criticizing classic and modern foundationalism on the criterion of rationality of religious beliefs claims that belief in God can be intelligible regardless to MoreReformed epistemology as a new school in philosophy of religion, particularly in religious epistemology which criticizing classic and modern foundationalism on the criterion of rationality of religious beliefs claims that belief in God can be intelligible regardless to be successful or unsuccesful of evidence or arguments for the existence of God. It is claimed that reformed epistemologists have been significantly influenced by eighteen`s century Scottish philosopher Thomas Reid (1710-1796). The purpose of this paper is to assess this claim by considering the foundations of reformed epistemology according to Plantinga, Wolterstorff, Alston and Reid`s writings as well as writings about Reid from one side, and analyzing and comparing them on the other side. The conclusion is that reformed epistemology has been influenced by Reid in it`s foundations of general epistemology, but according to the religious epistemology, one can not attribute easily the main claim of this school, that is, basicality of belief in God, to Reid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
419 - A survey on possibility of an Intelligible Relation between “Conceptual Scheme” and “Empirical Content”
Meisam Mohammad aminiDavidson’s arguments against the validity of distinction between “conceptual scheme” and “empirical content”, namely “the third dogma of empiricism”, have caused numerous debates and several objections. Two general criticisms ar MoreDavidson’s arguments against the validity of distinction between “conceptual scheme” and “empirical content”, namely “the third dogma of empiricism”, have caused numerous debates and several objections. Two general criticisms are as follows: 1. Davidson’s arguments, contrary to his claim, do not reject “the very idea of conceptual scheme,” but his critics merely can be applied to Quinces’ specific interpretation of conceptual scheme. 2. All Davidson’s arguments are based on his semantic views, accepting and denying the arguments rely on the standpoint which has been taken about his semantic theory. In this paper, after a brief description of Davidson’s main argument and the mentioned objections, we have presented another critic implying that even if regarded Davidson’s arguments successful, he has only shown that any attempt already made by empiricists has failed to justify the epistemic role of sensual experience. Despite of his claims, it cannot lead to providing such explanation principally is impossible. Particularly, one of the recent responses made by empiricists, at least will be kept safe from his anti-foundationalist objections. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
420 - Political ethics with emphasis on the statements of Ayatollah Khamenei
Farshid DaneshpajoohEthics is a practical knowledge that evaluates the voluntary and voluntary actions of man in the individual and transcendental realm and is a valuable phenomenon in the meaning and excellence of man. The relationship between ethics and politics, both as two institutions MoreEthics is a practical knowledge that evaluates the voluntary and voluntary actions of man in the individual and transcendental realm and is a valuable phenomenon in the meaning and excellence of man. The relationship between ethics and politics, both as two institutions and as two systems of knowledge, is one of the main concerns of philosophers. There are various views on the relationship between the two concepts of ethics and politics and the relationship between norms and values in the field of ethics with norms and values in the field of politics and the precedence and of values. In this article, with an analytical approach in the philosophy of normative ethics and a comparative method and study tools, distinguishing different types of ethics and defining moral , relying on the statements of Ayatollah Khamenei to analyze political ethics in thought He argues, and the article as a claims that the fusion of politics and spirituality based on religious ethics is prominent in his work. Also, a set of types of ethics and ethical , including descriptive ethics based on the politics of the Infallibles as ideal politicians, normative ethics, conscientious conscientious ethics based on ideal results, and realistic tasks. The minimum morality based on justice, the morality based on compassion the believers and the justness of justice towards the enemies, the absolute morality based on the principles and contextual ethics based on the facts of society and the public interest are prominent in their areas of belief, decision and action. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
421 - Investigating The Possibility Of Turning The Arbaeen Walk into A New Global Social Movement
Fatemeh Amiriraz Zahed Ghafari hashjinThe study and analysis of the Arbaeen Walk, which has gained special prosperity in recent years, has been noticed by researchers. In this research, the question has been investigated whether the Arbaeen Walk has the capacity and ability to become a new global social mov MoreThe study and analysis of the Arbaeen Walk, which has gained special prosperity in recent years, has been noticed by researchers. In this research, the question has been investigated whether the Arbaeen Walk has the capacity and ability to become a new global social movement. The purpose of this research is to identify the intellectual and spiritual capacity of the Arbaeen walk as an Islamic and Shiite phenomenon in order to introduce Islam and Shia in the current world.The importance of the issue is in identifying the spiritual capacity of this event as an Islamic and Shiite phenomenon and thus helping to introduce Islam and Shia in the current world. This research is a type of qualitative research that was conducted with the document analysis method. To collect data, documents, books, articles, magazines, publications, internet data, news reports, travelogues, virtual tweets, and all works related to Arbaeen and modern social movements, as well as non-written documents such as films, audios, have been used. The theories of New Social Movements have been used in this research. The results and findings of this research show that according to the elements and components of modern social movements expressed by thinkers such as "Alain Touraine", "Ronald Inglehart" and "Alberto Melucci", Arbaeen discourse has the ability to become a global new social movement. Some of movement maker elements and characteristics of the Arbaeen Walk are: identification, spiritualism, efforts to converge and create global solidarity and co-reliance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
422 - Explaining the Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Business Attitude in Students (Case Study: Students of Management and Accounting Department in Velayat University)
Fataneh Baharvand Milad GouranThe purpose of this study was to explain the relationship between spiritual intelligence and business attitude in students. The statistical population consisted of all students of Management and Accounting Department in Velayat University, numbered 500. 217 students wer MoreThe purpose of this study was to explain the relationship between spiritual intelligence and business attitude in students. The statistical population consisted of all students of Management and Accounting Department in Velayat University, numbered 500. 217 students were selected as research sample using Morgan table. Spiritual intelligence (King & Deccico, 2009) and business attitude (Aution et al., 1998) standard questionnaires were used to collect data. This applied research is in descriptive-survey type. Cronbach's alpha test was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaires. In order to confirm the research model, the Structural Equation Modelling was used and Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Pearson Correlation test and Stepwise Regression in SPSS 23 and AMOS 23 software were applied for analyzing the data. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between spiritual intelligence and business attitude. It was also confirmed that there was a significant positive relationship between all aspects of spiritual intelligence and attitude to business; and among the four dimensions of spiritual intelligence, "Existential Critical Thinking" plays a role in explaining students' attitude to business. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
423 - The relationship between spiritual intelligence and family atmosphere with distress tolerance among students
Venus Tahuri Ali karimi Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and emotional atmosphere of the family with distress tolerance of students, and a descriptive correlational method was used. In order to achieve the research More Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and emotional atmosphere of the family with distress tolerance of students, and a descriptive correlational method was used. In order to achieve the research goals, among middle school students in sabzevar city, with a population of approximately 6,000 students, a sample of 361 students (including 225 female and 136 male) And were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected by Simmons and Gaher Distress Tolerance Questionnaire (2005), Hill Burn Family Affective Affair Questionnaire (1964), and King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008). For data analysis, multivariate regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. And analyzed with SPSS software. In studying the main hypothesis, family emotional atmosphere (P = /0009) and spiritual intelligence (P = /0027) are capable of predicting distress tolerance. Also, in the study of sub hypotheses, there is a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and distress tolerance among students (P = /0002 , r = /0163) and between family emotional atmosphere and distress tolerance of students (P = /0001 , r = /0179). The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between spiritual intelligence and tolerance of distress and also the relationship between family emotional atmosphere and distress tolerance Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
424 - Investigating the relationship between spiritual attitude and lifestyle with marital commitment in college students
Farzaneh Heydari Parastoo KhosraviThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between spiritual attitude and lifestyle with marital commitment of students of the master's level of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch. The current research was a descriptive-cross-sectional MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between spiritual attitude and lifestyle with marital commitment of students of the master's level of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch. The current research was a descriptive-cross-sectional and correlational study. The statistical population of the research included all married students studying at the master's level of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch in the academic year 2016-2017. A sample of 150 people was selected by simple random sampling. The research tools included spiritual attitude questionnaire (Parsian and Doninig, 2009), lifestyle questionnaire (Lali et al., 2011) and marital commitment questionnaire (Adams and Jones, 1997). Research data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression with SPSS version 26. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between spiritual attitude and its components, including self-awareness, the importance of spiritual beliefs in life, spiritual activities, and spiritual needs with marital commitment among married graduate students (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that there is a significant relationship between the overall lifestyle and its components (physical health, disease prevention, psychological health, spiritual health, social health, avoiding drugs and narcotics, and environmental health) with marital commitment (05/05). 0 > P); However, no significant relationship was found between the components of exercise and well-being, weight control and nutrition, and prevention of accidents with marital commitment (P<0.05). The results of the regression analysis also showed that the predictor variables of lifestyle and spiritual attitude simultaneously explained 37% of the variance of marital commitment among married graduate students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
425 - The effectiveness of the spirituality and life satisfaction educational package on the happiness of the families of exceptional children
Khaled Rashtiyani Maryam Akbari Hamzeh Ahmadiyan Yahya YarahmadiIntroduction: The presence of an exceptional child in any family affects its structure so that spirituality can play an important role in the life process of the parents of these children. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of MoreIntroduction: The presence of an exceptional child in any family affects its structure so that spirituality can play an important role in the life process of the parents of these children. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of spirituality and life satisfaction on the happiness of families of exceptional children. Methodology: The research method in this study is a pre-post-test pseudo-experimental design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all families with identified exceptional children in Sanandaj city, 80 of them were selected in two groups of 40 people, experimental and control, with a targeted method. Spirituality training was conducted on the experimental group in 12 sessions of 45 minutes. The research data was collected through the standard happiness questionnaire (OHI) Oxford (1989). The reliability of the test was also calculated through Cronbach's alpha of 0.86. To analyze the statistical data, descriptive statistics indices, including mean and standard deviation, and one-way covariance analysis were used in the inferential statistics section. Findings: Quantitative data shows a significant difference between the results of the two groups. Considering the potential that families with exceptional children have, teaching spirituality and life satisfaction has a significant effect on their happiness (p = 0.05).Conclusion: Teaching spirituality and life satisfaction to the families of exceptional children can provide an opportunity to increase happiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
426 - The effect of spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence on the ability of elementary school teachers in the 11th district of Tehran
Zahra Mohammadi SaniSpiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence are two important components that are very effective on human activity. Spiritual intelligence causes flexibility in behavior, self-awareness and a person's vision of life and its purposefulness. Emotional intelligence a MoreSpiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence are two important components that are very effective on human activity. Spiritual intelligence causes flexibility in behavior, self-awareness and a person's vision of life and its purposefulness. Emotional intelligence also causes people to monitor their feelings and emotions, distinguish and recognize them and use this information as a guide for thinking and behavior. Meanwhile, empowerment is one of the most important techniques in order to increase employee productivity and optimal use of their capacity and abilities in line with organizational goals. This research has been conducted with the aim of connecting spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence with the empowerment of teachers in the 11th education district of Tehran. This research is descriptive-quantitative, and three questionnaires of King's spiritual intelligence, Wang and Lau's emotional intelligence, and Spritzer's empowerment were used to conduct it, and data analysis was done using SPSS software. The results of the research show that emotional intelligence is related to the empowerment of teachers in the 11th education district of Tehran (P-Value = 0.027), while there is no significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and the empowerment of teachers in the 11th education district of Tehran (0.793 = P-Value). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
427 - The Model to Identify the Effect of Spiritual Intelligence on Emotional Intelligence and Behavioral Tendencies Based on Personal Judgment to Improve the Decision-Making Process of Investors
Ehtsham Shahabi Rad Khosro Faghani Makrani Ali Zabihi Abstract The purpose of this paper is to provide a model to identify the impact of spiritual intelligence on emotional intelligence and behavioral tendencies based on personal judgment to improve the decision-making process of investors. The research method is More Abstract The purpose of this paper is to provide a model to identify the impact of spiritual intelligence on emotional intelligence and behavioral tendencies based on personal judgment to improve the decision-making process of investors. The research method is "descriptive (non-experimental)" and a survey method was used. In the data field method, a normal anonymous questionnaire containing closed questions with an ordinal and optional scale was used in connection with the research hypotheses. A researcher-made questionnaire was provided to 232 investors of the Tehran Stock Exchange, who were randomly selected based on the Cochran formula. To reject or prove each research hypothesis, inferential statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and structural equation test were used. It has been done. Analyzing the data using SPSS statistical software and graphs using EXCEL software, drawing and regression and solving structural equations using AMOS software. The results indicate that the variable of spiritual leadership/community leadership has the greatest impact on spiritual intelligence and the variable of strategy adoption has the greatest impact on emotional intelligence and the variable of harmful error has the greatest impact on the variable of behavioral bias and the degree of influence of spiritual intelligence on emotional intelligence and behavioral bias The order with the factor load of 0.62 and 0.574, and the impact of emotional intelligence and the variable of behavioral change on the investor's decisions was with the factor load of 0.9 and 0.83, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
428 - The effectiveness of group logotherapy on Spiritual well-being and self-esteem of female students with physical disabilities in Tehran
Sedighe Chavoshi Mahdi Mahmodi Rohalla KarimikhoyganiThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group logo therapy on spiritual health and self-esteem of female students with physical disabilities in Tehran in 2020-2021. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental based on a pre-test post-test d MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group logo therapy on spiritual health and self-esteem of female students with physical disabilities in Tehran in 2020-2021. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental based on a pre-test post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study consists of all female students with physical disabilities in Tehran in 2020-21 that 40 of them were selected as a sample and assigned to experimental and control groups of 20 people. Participants answered the questionnaires of spiritual health (1982) and Rajabi self-esteem (2007). Findings from covariance test showed that group meaning therapy was effective in increasing self-esteem and spiritual health and f values were significant at the level of 0.01. The results in general showed that the use of meaning therapy can be effective in increasing the spiritual health and mental health of students with physical and motor disabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
429 - Study The Effectiveness of Spiritual Leadership based on the Follower Self-Esteem on the Students' Perceptions of Quality Academic Performance
Mahdi allahverdizadeh Reza Khodaei MahmoudiThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of spiritual leadership based on the follower self-esteem on the students' perceptions quality academic performance. To this end, a survey type, library-descriptive research method was employed. The stati MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of spiritual leadership based on the follower self-esteem on the students' perceptions quality academic performance. To this end, a survey type, library-descriptive research method was employed. The statistical population of the study was all students of the Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch, including 21720 students. The statistical sample of the study included 378 students based on Krejcie and Morgan table. The sampling method was random, determined according to the number of male and female students. In this study, four questionnaires were used: standard spiritual leadership, organizational citizenship behavior, follower self-esteem, and quality of academic performance questionnaires. The reliability and validly of the questionnaires were re-examined and were confirmed. To analyze the date, having ensured their normality, the authors used structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses. The results revealed that spiritual leadership through the mediating role of the follower self-esteem has a significant positive effect on the citizenship behavior, which shows the effectiveness of spiritual leadership. Moreover, it was found that organizational citizenship behavior has a meaningful positive effect on the students’ academic performance. The indirect effect of spiritual leadership on the students’ academic performance was meaningful as well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
430 - Damages and spiritual losses of emerging customary marriages in society and their solutions
Ahmad Sarmi morteza chitsazian Ali Bahrami nejadIt is a fact that spiritual damages and losses have effects on family leading to its rights to be abused and wasted culminating in the collapse of its foundation; something that are seen frequently in the emerging white marriages in our society, as these marriages don&r MoreIt is a fact that spiritual damages and losses have effects on family leading to its rights to be abused and wasted culminating in the collapse of its foundation; something that are seen frequently in the emerging white marriages in our society, as these marriages don’t follow the principles of the legal and religious ones. These damages and losses include the couple going under the compulsion of covering up; men and wife enduring the resulting heavy mental and psychological burden, depression, along with frequent lying to cover up the fact; all just to satisfy mere lust and sexual desires, committing crime and guilt as the result, being deprived of legal and common protections, deflowered girls, loss in value of virginity, failure in their next marriages, short-term relationships, admitting to be permanently and absolutely single, promotion of childlessness or giving birth to illegitimate children, lack of satisfaction in sexual relationships due to poor quality relationships, increased number of abortions, decreased number of childbirths, decreased population, increased number of foundlings, increased number of unattended children, and children with no identification, creating the need to establish centers for the protection of unattended children and foundlings, overpassing the obscenity of illegitimate relationships, increased domestic violence against women, the couple's infidelity toward each other, increased corruption in society, insecure families, decreased physical and sexual health of society members, increased sexual diseases, drifting away from legal marriages, rise in legal age of marriage among the youth, rise in divorce statistics, increased number of runaway girls, general commitments violations, disclosure of man´s and wife´s secrets, accusations regarding infidelity, men´s abuse of polygyny by violating the legal principles and justice, ... Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
431 - The role of organizational intelligence, spiritual intelligence, and emotional intelligence on auditor's judgment and decision-making in auditing institutions
Zaniar Ahmadi Zahra PourzamaniAbstract Thelis research investigates the role of organizational intelligence, spiritual intelligence, and emotional intelligence on auditor's judgment and decision-making in auditing institutions. The current research is an applied and descriptive-correlation research MoreAbstract Thelis research investigates the role of organizational intelligence, spiritual intelligence, and emotional intelligence on auditor's judgment and decision-making in auditing institutions. The current research is an applied and descriptive-correlation research in nature. The field part of the research was collected through the distribution of questionnaires in the target community. The statistical population included 1300 certified accountants and professional managers of the understudy audit firms. The sample size according to Cochran's formula, was 297 (n = 297). To measure multiple intelligences, the 7-question questionnaire of Karl Albrecht's organizational intelligence (2003), the 8-question questionnaire of King's spiritual intelligence (SISRI-24) and the 8-question questionnaire of Krohn's emotional intelligence (2007) were used. And to measure auditors' judgment and decision-making, Hart's questionnaire (2012) has been used. whose six indicators include a culture infected with fraud, communication with others and business, financial pressure, the opportunity to commit a violation, behavioral changes of the violator, and signs of violation. The general structure of the research questionnaires was subject to content construct validity and the validity of the questionnaire is confirmed. Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability have also been used to measure reliability, which has acceptable reliability. The results indicated that multiple intelligences (organizational intelligence, spiritual intelligence, and emotional intelligence) had an impact on auditor's judgment and decision-making. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
432 - Predicting Personal Responsibility of Adolescents Based on Perceived Parenting Styles and Spiritual Intelligence
, smanh dokanch hoda larjvardiThe purpose of this study was to predict adolescents' personal responsibility based on perceived parenting styles and spiritual intelligence. The descriptive research method used was correlational design. The statistical population included all secondary school st MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict adolescents' personal responsibility based on perceived parenting styles and spiritual intelligence. The descriptive research method used was correlational design. The statistical population included all secondary school students of the third district of Qom province (9934) who were studying in the academic year 2019-2020. The statistical sample consisted of 372 members of the aforementioned statistical population, which were selected using an available sampling method, using Karjesi and Morgan's table to determine it. The tools used included the standard questionnaire of personal responsibility for teenagers Mergler and Shield (2016), the perceived parenting scale of Grolink et al. (1997) and the spiritual intelligence questionnaire of King (2008). SPSS version 20 statistical software and simultaneous multiple regression tests and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that about 18.9% of the variance of teenagers' personal responsibility is predicted by perceived parenting styles and subscales of spiritual intelligence. Additionally, the results showed that mother and father involvement, support for autonomy, and warmth had a positive correlation with personal responsibility. Critical existential thinking, production of personal meaning, and transcendental consciousness were also positively correlated with personal responsibility, but expanded consciousness was not significantly related. Critical existential thinking, production of personal meaning, and transcendental consciousness were also positively correlated with personal responsibility, but expanded consciousness was not significantly related. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
433 - Explanation of the Position of Family in the Spiritual Curriculum
maryam raeesoleslamzadeh samad izadi Asghar shariri khadijeh abolmaaliThis study was conducted with the aim of explaining the family role in the spiritual curriculum. In terms of purpose this research is an applied-developmental one and in terms of type and method of data collection, it is a mixed research. In the qualitative part of the MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of explaining the family role in the spiritual curriculum. In terms of purpose this research is an applied-developmental one and in terms of type and method of data collection, it is a mixed research. In the qualitative part of the study, in addition to valid documents and articles, semi-structured interviews were used and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was employed to collect the data. The results indicate that the position of family in the spiritual curriculum is explained through 18 important components. The importance of these components in the spiritual curriculum is such that if families pay more attention to them, the successful implementation and effectiveness of the spiritual curriculum will be feasible. Therefore, it is expected that by explaining the importance of the family in spiritual education of children, it can be associated with school for improving the spirituality of society. Faith and trust in God and recourse to the Imams, encouraging children to be honest and truthful, human and polite relations of parents with each other and with others, and finally, compassion and appreciation and responsibility are respectively the five important components that explains the position of family in the spiritual curriculum. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
434 - Effect of Spiritual Health and Self-efficacy on Creative and Innovative Entrepreneurship of Faculty Members of Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran
samira karimi Mehran mokhtari baye kalayeThe aim of the current study is to examine the effect of spiritual health and self-efficacy on the creative and innovative entrepreneurship of academic staff members of Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran province. The statistical population of this research included MoreThe aim of the current study is to examine the effect of spiritual health and self-efficacy on the creative and innovative entrepreneurship of academic staff members of Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran province. The statistical population of this research included all the faculty members of Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran. The sampling was done using cluster sampling method and the sample size was estimated to be 317 individuals using Cochran's formula. Finally, 310 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The instruments in this study included three questionnaires of creative and innovative entrepreneurship, self-efficacy, and spiritual health. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, independent t-test and multiple regression. The results of the correlation coefficient showed that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between creative and innovative entrepreneurship, spiritual health and self-efficacy of academic staff members of Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran. It means that the higher the level of self-efficacy and spiritual health, the more creative and innovative entrepreneurship is. In addition, considering the significance level of all research variables was less than 0.05 and the t-statistic of all research variables was greater than 2.33, the results of the multiple regression analysis confirmed all research hypotheses Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
435 - The Effect of Spirituality in the Work Environment on the Effectiveness of Teaching and the Professional Ethics of Teaching among Saveh Medical Sciences Students
marjan khosravei amir hossein mohammad davoudiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the prediction of spirituality in the work environment on the effectiveness of teaching and professional ethics of teaching among Saveh Medical Sciences students at Saveh College of Medical Sciences and Health Care Services. MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the prediction of spirituality in the work environment on the effectiveness of teaching and professional ethics of teaching among Saveh Medical Sciences students at Saveh College of Medical Sciences and Health Care Services. This research is a descriptive-survey one of correlational type and also, it is applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this research included all the students of Saveh University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 1400, (n= 535) 220 of whom were selected based on the Morgan's Table via random sampling. questionnaires of professional teaching ethics, teaching effectiveness, and work spirituality were used. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the committee of experts. The results of the regression analysis using the INTER method showed that spirituality in the workplace significantly affects teaching effectiveness with a coefficient of β=0.698. predicts. Also, spirituality in the work environment significantly predicts professional teaching ethics with a coefficient of β=0.794. Another result of the research, using the mediator role test (Sobel), indicated that spirituality in the environment working together with the mediating role of professional ethics has an effect on teaching effectiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
436 - Identifying the Effect of Organizational Consensus Components on Reducing Organizational Divisiveness (Case study of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences)
R. Mofidian R. Mofidian R. Yousefi Saeedabadi R. Yousefi Saeedabadi S. Saffarian Hamedani S. Saffarian HamedaniAbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of organizational consensus components on reducing organizational divisiveness. The method of the present study is quantitative in terms of the data collection and based on the descriptive survey method. The MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of organizational consensus components on reducing organizational divisiveness. The method of the present study is quantitative in terms of the data collection and based on the descriptive survey method. The statistical population of the study included all university professors and employees of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences totaling to 2600 people. Using relative stratified sampling method and Cochran's formula, 334 professors and staff of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences were selected. To determine the validity of the questionnaire, the formal and content method and to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS and Amos software programs. The results of data analysis showed that organizational harmony and its components including trust, organizational spirituality and moral intelligence are effective in reducing organizational divisiveness. Finally, using the obtained results, it is suggested that university administrators and officials pay special attention to the components of organizational harmony in order to reduce divisions in their organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
437 - Analysis of the Content of Elementary School Textbooks of the Qur'an and Heavenly Messages Based on the Component of Spiritual Health
Amir Azimi Galoogahi Masoumeh BagherpourThe present study was carried out with the aim of analyzing the content of the textbooks of the Qur'an and the heavenly messages of elementary school based on the components of spiritual health. The study was applied in terms of purpose and employed a descriptive method MoreThe present study was carried out with the aim of analyzing the content of the textbooks of the Qur'an and the heavenly messages of elementary school based on the components of spiritual health. The study was applied in terms of purpose and employed a descriptive method for content analysis. The statistical population of the research includes the textbooks of the Qur'an and the heavenly messages of the primary school in 2023. Due to the nature of the research and the limitation of the statistical population, sampling was not done. The research tool was a content analysis checklist made by the researcher, the validity of which was approved of by experts, and its reliability was calculated by William Scott's method at 91%. The data analysis method was based on Shannon's entropy with pages as unit of analysis (texts, questions, exercises and pictures) yielding a total of 1681 cases. The findings showed that out of the total frequency of spiritual health components in the textbook (n= 1059), the components of recitation and intimacy with the Quran have the highest frequency with 34% and truthfulness has a very low frequency of 1%. In the book of heavenly messages (n= 622), the components of prayer with 36% have the most frequency, truthfulness and piety and trust with 2% have a very low frequency, which shows the inappropriate distribution and dispersion of these components in the textbooks of gifts. It is heavenly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
438 - Study of root structure and leaf of lentils (Lens culinaris Medic) under light stress and Azospirillium bacteria
Fershteh Darabi Ali Hatami Mohammad Javad Zarea Rahim Naseriin order to study the effects of different light intensities and bio-priming an experiment was conducted in two lentils cultivars to introduce the best cultivar. Experiment was evaluated using factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three re Morein order to study the effects of different light intensities and bio-priming an experiment was conducted in two lentils cultivars to introduce the best cultivar. Experiment was evaluated using factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station of Ilam University during 2012-2013 cropping season. The treatments consisted of different levels of shading (no shading, 25, 50, 75 and 100% shading), Bio-priming (inoculation with Azospirillium brasilense and without inoculation) and lentil cultivars (Ziba and ILL4400), respectively. The results indicated that shading reduced leaf specific leaf, Water saturate deficit, total number of active nodes, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root volume, main root length and grain yield, but increased leaf area index, total water content, specific leaf area, respectively. But Azospirillium leaded to reduced losses caused by shading and increased plant growth and yield of lentil. Two lentil cultivars along with inoculation with Azospirillum had the more amount of grain yield. The Ziba cultivar compared to ILL4400 cultivar had the more grain yield in the higher levels of shading. interaction effect of shading× bio-priming × cultivar showed that the lack of shading (control treatment) and selection of the Ziba cultivar and inoculation with Azospirillum may achieve the acceptable grain yield, but in the conditions of intercropping and agroforestry systems that light is a limiting factor, grown Ziba cultivar along with inoculation with Azospirillum will be more successful than the ILL4400. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
439 - Effect of water stress on quantity traits of potato traditional cultivars and advanced clone
maghsoud ziachehreh ahmad tobeh davod hassanpanah Shahzad Jamaati-e-Somarin usef jahaniIn order to identify the effect of water stress on potato traditional cultivars and advanced clone growth this experiment was carried out under field conditions as Split-plot design based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in Ardabil Agriculture MoreIn order to identify the effect of water stress on potato traditional cultivars and advanced clone growth this experiment was carried out under field conditions as Split-plot design based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in Ardabil Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station during 2015. Main plots included three irrigation levels: complete irrigation, mild and severe water stress and sub-plots included 5 potato cultivars: Agria, Spirit, Marfona, Luca, Hermes and 397008-9 promising clone. Results showed that in spite of the effect of water stress on marketable tuber number per plant, other studied traits such as tuber weight per plant, marketable tuber weight per plant, total tuber yield and marketable tuber yield were influenced by irrigation and cultivar treatments. Luca and Marfona produced the highest marketable tuber weight per plant and marketable tuber number per plant, respectively and also the 397008-9 promising clone had the most highest total tuber yield and tuber weight per plant due to genetic diversity. There were no significant interaction effect between cultivars × irrigation levels on any traits. Because of no significant difference between complete irrigation and mild water stress treatments and also economic importance of tuber yield for farmers, It seems that replacement of complete irrigation by mild water stress, not only will lead to relative maintaining water resources, but also will produce good marketable tuber yield (In accordance with the cultivar). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
440 - Investigation on the effect of seed priming with rhizobium bioinoculant and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on chlorophyll, nutrients and grain yield in lentil under rainfed condition
Alireza Seyyed-Moradi Afshin MozaffariTo study the effect of seed priming with rhizobium bioinoculant and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on chlorophyll, nutrients and grain yield in lentil rainfed, a factorial experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replicates MoreTo study the effect of seed priming with rhizobium bioinoculant and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on chlorophyll, nutrients and grain yield in lentil rainfed, a factorial experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replicates in Karazan districts of Sirvan located in Ilam province during 2016-2017. Experimental treatments include the application of PGPR consists of five levels: inoculation seed with Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Pseudomonas individually, inoculation of seeds with mixed PGPR (Azotobacter + Azospirillum + Pseudomonas) and non-using of PGPR, and rhizobium bacteria factor at two levels: seed inoculation with rhizobium and non-use of Rhizobium. Simple and interaction effects of Rhizobium bacteria and PGPR bacteria application on all studied traits (except for interaction effect of experimental factors on grain yield and chlorophyll b content) showed highly significant (P <0.01). In general, the results of the experiment showed that the use of Rhizobium bacteria with PGPR bacteria, in particular, combined consumption treatment (Azotobacter + Azospirillum + pseudomonas), increased the grain yield, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and chlorophyll a, b and a+b contents of leaf compared to Non-use rhizobium and PGPR bacteria. With regard to synergistic effects of Rhizobium and PGPR bacteria in improving the growth and grain yield of lentil plant, it is recommended to use the combination of Rhizobium and PGPR bacteria in the inoculum formulation used under arid and dry land areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
441 - Effect of plant growth promotiong rhizobacteria on growth and yield of Seed tubers of Potato Cultivars Mini-tubers
mehdi panahyankivi yaghob raei null null Saeid Hokm AlipourIn order to investigate the effect of plant growth promotiong rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield and yield components of seed tubers of cultivation mini-tubers Potato, a Factorial experiment was caried out by based on complete randomized design at agriculurtal and natural re MoreIn order to investigate the effect of plant growth promotiong rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield and yield components of seed tubers of cultivation mini-tubers Potato, a Factorial experiment was caried out by based on complete randomized design at agriculurtal and natural resources research staition of Ardabil in 2016. The First factor included mini-tubers of three cultivars of potato: Agria, Khavaran, and Marfona:,The second factor included four treatments of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) (Azospirillum, Seudomonas and combination of two bacteria). Results showed that interaction of experimental factors was significant for all traits except biological yield and tuber diameter. Maximum of tuber yiled was observed in interaction effect of application of tow bacteria × cultivars. That did not have significant difference with cultivars of Agria and Khavaran. Maximum of number and weight of tuber were observed at Marfona×two bacteria. Maximum of tuber diameter was observed at Marfona. Maximum of plant height and number of main branch were observed at Agria, Khavaran and Azospirillum× Seudomonas bacteria. Maximium of biological yield was observed at combination of two bacteria. Minimum of this trait was observed in treatment without insemination. Maximum numbers of days to emergencation, number of days to stolon, formation, number of days to tuberization were obtined in Marfona and condition of application Azospirillum. Minimum of those traits were observed in Khavaran and condition whithout insemination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
442 - Matrix analysis of corrosion inhibition phenomena: Theoretical technique for inhibitor prediction and pre-selection
Mohsen Lashgari Mohammad-Reza Arshadi Gholam-Abbas Parsafar -
Open Access Article
443 - Consideration twin use of Mycorrhiza and Azospirillum to optimizing of fertilizer application in sustainable corn cultivation
O. Alizadeh A. Alizadeh A. Khaste KhodaeeThis research was done in order to find the symbiotic mycorrhiza funguses and Azospirillum bacteria as biologic fertilizer in different levels of chemical fertilizers phosphor and nitrogen on yield and yield component of corn. Experiments were done in factorial design b MoreThis research was done in order to find the symbiotic mycorrhiza funguses and Azospirillum bacteria as biologic fertilizer in different levels of chemical fertilizers phosphor and nitrogen on yield and yield component of corn. Experiments were done in factorial design based on RCBD with three replications when soil control condition. The treatments were selected as using chemical phosphor and nitrogen fertilizer in 3 levels (without nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers), (nitrogen 100 kg/ha and phosphor 50 kg/ha) and (nitrogen 200 kg/ha and phosphor 100 kg/ha). The Azospirillum treatments were settled in 2 levels (The usage and non usage) and Mycorrhiza treatments in 2 levels (The usage and non usage) .The results showed that yield and yield component of corn was effected by fertilizers treatment so that the Azospirillum can significantly effect on grain yield and kernel numbers of the corn. It didn’t have any effect on 1000 kernel weight but Mycorrhiza could have a positive effect on grain yield and 1000 kernel weight (sig. 1%). It has no meaningful effect on the kernel number. Results showed that by using average of chemical fertilizers, microorganism activities increases but with increased consumption of chemical fertilizers microorganism activities were faint. In this research any negative affect and Antagonism between microorganism was not observed so that it can be used both microorganism until range of 100 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer and 50 kg/ha phosphor fertilizer without any effect on each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
444 - Evaluation of the Effect of Low Dose Aspirin on Cervical Length as an Indicator of Preterm Labor in Nulliparous Women
Maryam Gharehgozloei Majid Mirmohammadkhani Mojgan Rahmanian -
Open Access Article
445 - Studying the Spiritual Rhetoric Arrays in Khaksar Abhari's Poetical works Based on his Kohneh Kharabat ( desolated tavern ) Book
Hassan Rajbi Mohammad Gholam Rezaei Tooraj Aghdaei Nozhat NoohiAbstract Rhetoric is one of the main branches of eloquence which deals with the praised aspects of verbalization. We have precisely investigated, in this article, the spiritual rhetoric figure of speech used in Khaksar Abhari' MoreAbstract Rhetoric is one of the main branches of eloquence which deals with the praised aspects of verbalization. We have precisely investigated, in this article, the spiritual rhetoric figure of speech used in Khaksar Abhari's poetry, based on his collection of poetry – The Desolated Tavern ( Kohneh Kharabat ). Later, we've regulated the spiritual rhetoric arrays based on the most frequency by giving samples and come to relative conclusion. The findings of this research show that in the sphere of spiritual rhetoric, observing the examplar, contradiction, allusion and guarantee have the most frequency. The other usage of spiritual rhetoric is very rare, the usage of spiritual arrays are more than verbal arrays. Totally, the most significant traits of Khaksar's odes, besides the eloquence and rhetoric and coherence and innovation is that he used several figures of speech in most of his verses. The aim of this research is to assign and choose the samples of spiritual rhetoric arrays in his poetry through the utilization of valid Persian rhetoric books based on " The Desolated Tavern ". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
446 - Spiritual Life from Qur'anic and Islamic Thinkers' Point of View
Abazar Salmanpour Gomchi Mohammad Reza Adli Bakhshali GhanbariAbstract Spiritual life in Islam means belief in Unique God, obedience in divine teachings together with practical and ethical obligations to God's commands to attain felicity which in the Holy Qur'an it is called pure life an MoreAbstract Spiritual life in Islam means belief in Unique God, obedience in divine teachings together with practical and ethical obligations to God's commands to attain felicity which in the Holy Qur'an it is called pure life and the explanation of this life and attaining it have widely been expressed in the Islamic mystics and thinkers' works. From the Qur'anic point of view, the spiritual life is formed by application of divine commands, returning to God, and setting the prophet as a paragon in life, ethical training by Almighty's help. In the whole, conscious promotion to know God better, strengthening of faith and virtue and following the prophet of Islam as the best symbol and creating motif to the growth of genuine religious spirituality and nurturing the virtues and combat with mean qualities to get to mundane and the doom's day bliss. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
447 - The Elite's Veil in Spiritual Behavior Based on Literary and Gnostic Books
Abbas Borna Farahnaz Mohammad VandAbstract Since the man's pure spirit kept distance from God's immense and pure garden, and was imprisoned in materialistic and world's cage, it constantly groans as a result of that separation and scrambles to raise all obstac MoreAbstract Since the man's pure spirit kept distance from God's immense and pure garden, and was imprisoned in materialistic and world's cage, it constantly groans as a result of that separation and scrambles to raise all obstacles of light and darkness that has accepted through passing materialistic and physical worlds and paves the way for God's attainment. In dark veils such as greed, lust, duplicity, etc. individuals and groups are unanimous in their prevention and there is no ambiguity in it. Sufficient condition for removing these types of veils are disciple's asceticism and diligence. The light veils that individuals usually deal with them and at first they do not think of them as veil and obstacle and in their opinion they also go through it directly. They even imagine it as a cause of improvement. They do not know each light for light itself is counted lighter than the veil and the disciple being satisfied with one light gets deprived of other lights. Veils such as excessiveness in worship and obedience, excessiveness in spiritual journey, imagination of God's attainment, expecting reward for worship, etc contrary to talk veils, to remove these types of veils, we need divine dispensation in addition to disciple's diligence. It is being tried, in this paper, to explain several examples of different types of light veils and their difference with dark veils and to get familiar with the quality of prevention of these spiritual veils. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
448 - Analysis of Illusion : imagery , seclusion Atmosphere in Mysticism and Their Reflection on the Soul of the Mystic
Neda Bassari Aziz Hojjaji Kahjoogh Arash MoshfaghiAbstractIn Islamic mysticism, the similitude atmosphere which in fact is between soul and matter is called middle or imagery atmosphere which is in essence the symbol of requisiteness of runic manifestation on the mysticism and a collection of the paradoxes and superfic MoreAbstractIn Islamic mysticism, the similitude atmosphere which in fact is between soul and matter is called middle or imagery atmosphere which is in essence the symbol of requisiteness of runic manifestation on the mysticism and a collection of the paradoxes and superficial sketches. The Islamic law interprets the isthmus world as the imagery world which doesn't have any relationship with human being's thinking power and stands in much higher position than wisdom. Illusion or " false imagery " is always mixed with dream and sometimes creates fear to a mystic in mystical atmosphere. Enclosure of the mystic in the atmosphere of seclusion is the reflection of his internal and external dialectics in opposing and revision of his amazed soul. This research has been done on the library study based on descriptive – analytic method. The ultimate aim of this research is to prove that imagery is in the border of illusion and reality. Dreams dominate the secluded mystic and the reflection of the suspended and baseless phenomena, in the seclusion atmosphere which are imprinted in the mind and soul of the poet are standards to create mystical works. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
449 - Manifestations of Surrealism in Maulana's Mathnavi of Ma'navi
Zahra Vahidi Shahin Ojagh AlizadehAbstract Exploration in classical Persian texts with a fresh look can have profound accomplishment for literary criticism and bring the real understanding in both domains. Surrealism is one of the most influential schools in t MoreAbstract Exploration in classical Persian texts with a fresh look can have profound accomplishment for literary criticism and bring the real understanding in both domains. Surrealism is one of the most influential schools in the West, which tries to reduce the role of reason and logic; instead with its own methods such as automatic writing, sleep and dream, etc. to achieve its goal in reaching an upright point. This school has not been unprecedented in Persian literature with all its effects in the world of literature. Many of its features can be seen in Rumi's Mathnavi of Ma'navi. In this article, based on first three branches of Mathnavi, a plan is presented in which the surrealistic features of this striking effect on two axes of stories and abstractions are considerable. At the same time, despite some apparent similarities, it cannot be regarded as mere surrealistic effect. In this essay, the power of Rumi's poetry and the relationship of the literary school that was formed in the twentieth century is shown with the poetry of this competent poet. These two experiences have many common points, but the position of the approach of each one is different. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
450 - A Narrow Research in the Spiritual Rhetoric Arrays in Mirza Mohsen Ta'sir Tabrizi Diwan
Raziyeh AghazadehAbstract From the aesthetic point of view, the rhetorics is a science by which the beauty of the word is revealed and it is a collection of the crafts which more or less converts the ordinary words to literary ones. One of the MoreAbstract From the aesthetic point of view, the rhetorics is a science by which the beauty of the word is revealed and it is a collection of the crafts which more or less converts the ordinary words to literary ones. One of the basic elements of the poetry, especially in the Indian Style, in addition to narrow types of imagery, is the arrays used in the poetry of this period of time. Mirza Mohsen Ta'sir Tabrizi is of the poets who followed Saeb Tabrizi's school. He has taken great advantage by using eloquent language and innovative arrays which included verbal and spiritual skills in expressing his thoughts and tenets. In this research which has been done in descriptive-analytic method, Ta'sir Tabrizi's Diwas has been investigated from spiritual rhetorics and its significant points have been distinguished. Mystics' agnosticism, the manner of equity, paradox, the order of numbers, the true way of speech, comparison, using parallel words. Among the above-mentioned items: the abstraction, manner of equity, the true way of speech and allusion are of higher frequency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
451 - بررسی آزمایشگاهی اثر نانوذرات جامد هیبریدی نانولوله کربنی و اکسید منیزیم بر هدایت حرارتی اتیلن گلیکول
مسعود وفایی مسعود افرند در دهه اخیر نانو سیالات پیشرفته ی جدیدی که از ذرات مختلف تشکیل شده اند مورد توجه محققان قرار گرفته اند. این گونه از نانوسیالات، که به نانوسیالات هیبریدی معروف هستند، عموما از ترکیب دوگونه مختلف نانوذرات ترکیب شده در سیال پایه به دست می آیند. در این مقاله، بررسی آ More در دهه اخیر نانو سیالات پیشرفته ی جدیدی که از ذرات مختلف تشکیل شده اند مورد توجه محققان قرار گرفته اند. این گونه از نانوسیالات، که به نانوسیالات هیبریدی معروف هستند، عموما از ترکیب دوگونه مختلف نانوذرات ترکیب شده در سیال پایه به دست می آیند. در این مقاله، بررسی آزمایشگاهی اثر نانوذرات جامد هیبریدی نانولوله کربنی و اکسید منیزیم بر ضریب هدایت حرارتی اتیلن گلیکول ارائه شده است. آزمایشها در بازه دمایی 25 تا 50 درجه سانتی گراد برروی نمونه هایی با کسر حجمی 05/0٪، 1/0٪، 15/0٪، 2/0٪، 4/0٪ و 6/0٪ انجام شد. اندازه گیری ها نشان داد که با افزایش مقدار نانوذرات و افزایش دما، ضریب هدایت حرارتی تا 3/23٪ افزایش می یابد. در پایان یک رابطه تجربی جدید به منظور پیش بینی ضریب هدایت حرارتی ارائه شد و تحلیل حاشیه انحراف برای آن پیشنهادی انجام شد. نتایج این تحلیل ها نشان داد که حداکثر حاشیه انحراف 95/0٪ بود که بیانگر دقت قابل قبول رابطه پیشنهادی برای پیش بینی مقادیر ضریب هدایت حرارتی نانو سیال است Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
452 - An experimental model for predicting normal solar performance chimneys concerning the percentage of openings
Sajede Nazari Malihe Taghipour Aliakbar Heidari -
Open Access Article
453 - Application of different nitrogen (organic, chemical and integrated) nutritional systems and biofertilizer on yield components and yield of sunflower seed
Mansour Jalilvand Jahanfar Daneshian Hadi Asadi Rahmani Mohsen YousefiAn experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of application of different nitrogen and biofertilizer systems on yield and yield components of sunflower seed in a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Nitrogen levels as the mai MoreAn experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of application of different nitrogen and biofertilizer systems on yield and yield components of sunflower seed in a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Nitrogen levels as the main factor in five levels including: N1: 100% nitrogen treatment (326 kg / ha urea), N2: 80% nitrogen (260 kg / ha urea), N3: 60% nitrogen (195 kg) Urea), N4: 80% N and 20% of manure (1.3 ton / ha) and N5: 60% N and 40% of manure (2.6 ton / ha) and application of azospirillum Sub-factor titles were considered at four levels: B1: non-application of azospirillum B2: inoculation with azospirillum, B3: foliar solution of azospirillum, B4: inoculation with fungal solution of azospirillum. The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer and azospirillum treatments had significant effect on the studied traits. So that treatment with 100% urea nitrogen source had the highest number of grains per head. Inoculation treatment with foliar application of azospirillium had the highest number of seeds per head. The results also showed that treatment with 100% urea nitrogen and 60% urea nitrogen fertilizer and 40% manure had the highest grain yield. Foliar treatments as well as seed inoculation + azospirillum had the highest grain yield, which were in the same statistical group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
454 - Tribalism: A sociological explanation from political participation in Chahar Maham and Bakhtiari province (Emphacised on Islamic council assembly elections)
MOHAMAD NOUZARI Bashir Esmaeili Masoud Parsley RaceAll human society do experience many political units that their participiant forms, ways and instruments was diffirent. Now, the form of nation – state is accepted one, more or less, formally it’s criteria are hold by societies. But, in Iran that always have MoreAll human society do experience many political units that their participiant forms, ways and instruments was diffirent. Now, the form of nation – state is accepted one, more or less, formally it’s criteria are hold by societies. But, in Iran that always have experience of tribal sovereignty, kind and method of political participation is on transitional stage, and still their actors couldn’t passage from tribal spirit to party system. This spirit have a special appearance in tribal province, as Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari. Then, the problem of this article is explanation the relation between tribal spirit and political participation in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province. The method that be used in this research is mixture of geodistic and theoretical. Thus, by reliance on field and theoretical method, we gathered the data, meantime study the theoretical foundation on the elections deal with kind of political participation, and the role of tribal identity and study the people electoral behavier in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province in the Islamic council assembly on the differ periods. This study conclude that there are relation between political participation and tribal spirit in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province. Results also show their political participation not diffirent in terms of tribe and education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
455 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
Ali RahimiIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal MoreIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
456 - Theoretical Foundations of Justice in the Political Discourse of the Islamic Revolution
Ali Ghadimi Garineh Keshishyan Siraki حسن خداوردیThe Islamic Revolution of Iran was one of the most important revolutions of the 20th century. One of the theoretical foundations of this revolution was its central justice; which was able to shape the political discourse of the Islamic Revolution and attract many opin MoreThe Islamic Revolution of Iran was one of the most important revolutions of the 20th century. One of the theoretical foundations of this revolution was its central justice; which was able to shape the political discourse of the Islamic Revolution and attract many opinions to itself. The theoretical foundations of justice, which appeared as a central sign in the political discourse of the Islamic Revolution, by focusing on the principle of justice and fairness, and emphasizing on these principles, was able to establish the link between religion and the world, righteousness and God-centeredness, central duty and the pursuit of perfection, central duty and spirituality. to create the political discourse of the Islamic revolution, by emphasizing these components, was able to find a very special place among the countries of the world and revolutionary movements, as well as the ideal of liberation. Emancipation and central justice were the two main parameters of Iran's Islamic Revolution; which distinguished it from all the great revolutions in the 20th century. The main question of the article was, what are the theoretical foundations of justice in the political discourse of the Islamic Revolution and where did they originate from? In response, these theoretical foundations were examined in the thoughts of Farabi, Ibn Khaldun, Allameh Tabatabaei and Imam Khomeini, the leader of the Islamic Revolution. In this article, it was emphasized how these components were able to globalize the Islamic revolution. The theoretical framework of discourse was also used for this purpose. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
457 - The concept and proof of the crime of rape in Iranian jurisprudence and law
Karim Khezernia عباسعلی اکبریcriminal laws. It is not known, but under the influence of Islamic jurisprudence, it has been criminalized as fornication by violence and unwillingness. In this article, an attempt has been made to explain the concept of the crime of rape from the perspective of Islamic Morecriminal laws. It is not known, but under the influence of Islamic jurisprudence, it has been criminalized as fornication by violence and unwillingness. In this article, an attempt has been made to explain the concept of the crime of rape from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence and the doctrine of criminal law by using library sources, and to examine the legal response and how to prove it in the criminal process. Finally, we have come to the conclusion that in the Islamic Penal Code approved in 2013, the most severe criminal reaction is death for the perpetrator of rape. In the Iranian Criminal Code, it is possible to limit the issue of rape only by a male offender against a female victim. Iran's legislature is facing many shortcomings in the issue of rape, so that many examples of the crime of rape in criminal law are silent or at least not commented on. Of course, compared to the law of 1370, it has strengthened the role of the judge's knowledge in proving the crime of adultery as one of the proofs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
458 - The relationship between spiritual leadership and psychological capital and quality of life of teachers in secondary zone 1 and 2 Shhr khramabad
افسانه تیموریان adel zahedbabolan ali khalegh mehdi moeinikiathe purpose of this study is investigation the relationship between Spiritual leadership and psychological capital with quality of working life teachers. This study’s methodology was kind of descriptive research and population of this research is all of high schoo Morethe purpose of this study is investigation the relationship between Spiritual leadership and psychological capital with quality of working life teachers. This study’s methodology was kind of descriptive research and population of this research is all of high school teachers of the Khoram Abad’s region one and two up to 1114 population who were engaging in teaching in 2015- 2016 educational year that 285 people were selected by means of multi- step random sampling and through Kergisy and Morgan’s table. This study’s tool is three questionnaire include Feray Spiritual leadership questionnaire (2003),Lotanz questionnaire (2007) and Valton quality of life questionnaire (1973).Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and respectively Cronbach's alpha reliability through questionnaires spiritual leadership at 89%, Psychological capital questionnaires 85% and quality of working life questionnaire 87%. and quality of life questionnaire vary from 850 working 87/0. Descriptive statistic and inferential statistic includes single-group T-test, Pierson’s correlation coefficient test and multiple regressions were applied for data analysis. status’ results showed that was of spiritual leadership is above average, psychological capital and quality of working life was lower-than-average in teachers. Pierson’s correlation coefficient results showing the positive and significant relationship between Spiritual leadership and its dimensions with quality of working life teachers and also positive and significant relationship between psychological capital and its dimensions with quality of working life teachers. Spiritual leadership and psychological capital to significant variance explained in their quality of working life. psychological capital had a greater share in predicting quality of working life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
459 - Explaining the Concept of Spiritual Intelligence and its Impact on the Professional Ethics of Sistan and Baluchestan University Staff
Noormohammad Yaghubi Nafise Rastegar Hamid AlizadeThe purpose of this study is to explain the concept of spiritual intelligence and its impact on professional ethics of Sistan and Baluchestan University staff. The method used in this study is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study consisted of MoreThe purpose of this study is to explain the concept of spiritual intelligence and its impact on professional ethics of Sistan and Baluchestan University staff. The method used in this study is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 550 staff of Sistan and Baluchestan University. Using Cochran formula, 225 of them were selected by stratified random sampling. The measuring tool used in this study was King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire consisting of four components of forgiveness, patience, spiritual experiences and transcendent self-knowledge and the standard questionnaire of professional ethics of Hoodood et al., Armito et al. And Abbasi. Structural equation modeling and SPSS software were used for data analysis. The findings of the present study show that the effect of transcendental self-awareness, forgiveness and patience on the professional ethics of Sistan and Baluchestan University staff is confirmed and only the component of spiritual experiences has no significant effect on the professional ethics of staff. Therefore, it can be argued that organizations can see increased success for their organization by emphasizing the spiritual intelligence of their employees and creating units to set up and implement a code of professional ethics within the organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
460 - Identify, determine and rank the factors affecting the growth of spiritual leadership in students
پریوش جعفری Hassan lotfi Hamidreza ArastehIn the new millennium, spiritual leadership is the need of human societies to move towards excellence and maturity. Therefore, leading universities have emphasized and focused on creating a system of student growth in the field of leadership, especially spiritual leader MoreIn the new millennium, spiritual leadership is the need of human societies to move towards excellence and maturity. Therefore, leading universities have emphasized and focused on creating a system of student growth in the field of leadership, especially spiritual leadership. The research was conducted with a mixed approach, first with a qualitative method of content analysis and then using the ANP-Dimatel technique (DANP). For this purpose, an extensive review of specialized texts related to the spiritual leadership and growth of students, as well as semi-structured interviews (more than 850 minutes) with 16 academic experts. Professors of related fields and senior managers of Islamic Azad University and managers of Research Sciences Branch) who were selected by purposive sampling method from the community of experts along with a researcher-made questionnaire, until complete data saturation was performed. The validity and reliability of this study was confirmed by experts and fertility Holsti. Qualitative data analysis was performed through open and axial coding technique and quantitative data was performed through DNTEL algorithm and program written in Excel software with the same results in MATLAB, which resulted in extraction and clustering of spiritual leadership components in the university in three domains :individual (with 54 components), Interpersonal and group (with 28 components) and transcendence (with 3 components) and extraction of 10 effective factors in the three clusters, respectively importance 1. Existential, 2. Human and 3. Environmental and ranking of these factors to create a comprehensive system of spiritual leadership development in universities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
461 - The Impact of Spirituality on the Work Ethics of the Educational Staff of Golestan Province to Provide Model
Seyede Fateme Mirabedini mohammad Salehi Kiumars NiazazariAt present, organizations are looking for concepts such as spirituality based on the new management paradigm. The present study seeks to present and develop a model of the effect of spirituality on the work ethic of employees in the Education Organization of Golestan Pr MoreAt present, organizations are looking for concepts such as spirituality based on the new management paradigm. The present study seeks to present and develop a model of the effect of spirituality on the work ethic of employees in the Education Organization of Golestan Province. In order to present the model, a mixed approach (qualitative-quantitative) and data foundation theory method were used. Qualitative sampling by snowball method and in-depth interviews with 26 managers and experts of the Education and Training Organization identified the model and in a quantitative part to adjust the sample size, Cochran's formula and Morgan table are used and the number of samples is about 145 people. Designated. Data analysis was performed by contextual theorizing method based on three types of open, axial and selective coding. For axial coding, the paradigm model of Strauss and Corbin was used and spirituality was identified as a central category. The components of the paradigm model for axial coding are the central category, the causal conditions, the prevailing context, the intervening conditions, the strategies and interactions, and the consequences. The presence of spirituality in the organization affects work ethic and leads to effective communication, increased intimacy, improved working conditions, importance to colleagues, non-corruption of managers, increased willingness to work, commitment and appreciation of ethical work. Therefore, by exploiting and strengthening spirituality in the workplace, a suitable platform can be provided for the development of personal and organizational behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
462 - Examining the Factors Influencing Religious Morale Formation in the Elementary School Students from the Training Assistants’ Perspective
Roghayeh Tajdari Parivash Mohamadi GheshlaghThe purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the formation of religious morale in the elementary school students from the training assistants’ perspective. This research is applied in purpose and descriptive- phenomenological in terms of the MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the formation of religious morale in the elementary school students from the training assistants’ perspective. This research is applied in purpose and descriptive- phenomenological in terms of the researcher's control on research variables. The statistical population of this research includes all the training assistants of the elementary schools. 20 people were selected by purposive sampling and saturated method. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews and analyzed by continuous comparative method. The results of the analysis showed the training assistants of Urmia primary schools identified the following factors influential in the formation of the students’ religious morale: imitating teachers, teacher’s instructions, curriculum implementation, Dignity plan, the use of active teaching methods, the use of research method, pilgrimage camps, holding religious contests, , telling stories based on Imams’ life, religious speech by scholars, parental patterns, parental control, parental religious information, parental education, intimate relationships between parents and children, national religious ceremonies, T.V religious programs, internet media, installing posters , performing religious drama, allocating resources, optimizing financial resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
463 - Designing Framework for Policy Making whit Business Intelligence Approach in the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology: Using the Grounded Theory
hassan lotfi پریوش جعفری حمیدرضا آراسته -
Open Access Article
464 - The Mediating Role of Working Life Quality on the Relationship between Spirituality in the Workplace and Employee Productivity in Higher Education.
Ruhollah Bagheri Majd Omid Milani Mohsen Fallah FramarziThe purpose of this study is to examine the mediating role of working life quality on the relationship between spirituality in the workplace and employee productivity of all Urmia University Staff. The research method was correlation and statistical population included MoreThe purpose of this study is to examine the mediating role of working life quality on the relationship between spirituality in the workplace and employee productivity of all Urmia University Staff. The research method was correlation and statistical population included all (630 people) Urmia University staff in the academic year 94-95 (2015-2016) Out of which 230 were selected by simple random sampling method. To collect the data, the standardized questionnaires of quality of life by Walton (1973), questionnaire of workplace spirituality by Mylymn et al. and questionnaire of employee productivity by Eccio (1980) were used with proper validity and reliability. Data analysis method is structural equation modeling. The results indicate that spirituality in the workplace impacts directly (β=0.15) and indirectly on mediating role of (β=0.70) on employee productivity (β=0.85 in general). Work life quality also has a considerable influence on employee productivity (β=0.79). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
465 - Check Relation Islamic ethics job and spiritual intelligence with organizational citizenship behavior of Marvdasht city educations staff
Mojgan Amirianzadeh Seyedeh Fatemeh Habibi Abstract The purpose of this study has been to explain Islamic ethics job and spiritual intelligence with organizational citizenship behavior of Marvdasht city educations staff. The research method is descriptive which is a kind of correlation and social statisti More Abstract The purpose of this study has been to explain Islamic ethics job and spiritual intelligence with organizational citizenship behavior of Marvdasht city educations staff. The research method is descriptive which is a kind of correlation and social statistic. This research include over 110 education staff a according to Morgan chart the sample content equaling to 80 people ,are selected randomly. For collecting cleat, 3 questionnaire have been used: organizational citizenship behavior Podsakoff and colleagues question nave, spiritual intelligence bade and colleagues question are, Islamic thics job you of: question are. In order to extract and analysis date, correlation coefficient statistics and regression analysis are simultaneously and gradually used. The results showed that there is a direct and meaningful relevance between spiritual intelligence, Islamic ethics job and organizational citizenship behavior .among spiritual intelligence dimensions (total thought, dimension believe, self awareness, love, and interest) and ganization al citizenship behavior. there is a direct and meaningful relevance. self awareness, love, and interests have been strong predictable variants for organizational citizenship behavior. Islamicethics job can predict organizational citizenship behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
466 - The Relationship between spiritual leadership styles of administrators with organizational commitment of teachers
Davod Tahmasbzadeh Bakhtiyar Darvishi Abstract This study has been aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual directors of leadership style and organizational commitment of teachers from the view of secondary school (first and second) teachers. The research method was a survey- correlati More Abstract This study has been aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual directors of leadership style and organizational commitment of teachers from the view of secondary school (first and second) teachers. The research method was a survey- correlation. The study population consisted of all first and second secondary school teachers in the academic year 1394-95 of Khoda Afarin city with a sample size of 100 to 130 using a single-stage cluster sampling is stratified. Measuring Tools of the study: 1- Inventory of spiritual leadership of Melanie Frye (2008) with an overall Cronbach alpha coefficient 0/91, and 2- Organizational Commitment Questionnaire of Allen and Meyer (1987) alpha coefficient are generally 0/89. In the analysis of data correlation coefficient was used to analyze the questions. Based on the findings at a significance level of 0.00, are related between spiritual leadership style and organizational commitment (affective, continuance and emotional). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
467 - The relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and work ethics with Resilience in Staff of education department of shahrkord city
Fatemeh tarmas hafshjani Ebaollah ahmadi Abstract The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and work ethics with Resilience in Staff of education department of shahrkord city. Due to the nature and objectives the research was applied And for it impli More Abstract The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and work ethics with Resilience in Staff of education department of shahrkord city. Due to the nature and objectives the research was applied And for it implication used from correlation method. The research population included all Staff of education department of shahrkord city that worked in education in the academic year 1393- 1394. using from morgan table 107 peson,s were selected by simple random sampling as sample. for collect data used from 3 questionnaire; Resilience questionnaire of Conner – Davidson (2003); Spiritual Intelligence questionnaire of abdolahzade et al(1387) and professional ethics questionnaire of mazrban(1389). For analysis the data used from Pearson correlation, simple regression and Multiple Regression. The results showed that: there is a significant and positive relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and work ethics with Resilience; there is a significant and positive relationship between component of Spiritual Intelligence and Resilience; component of Spiritual Intelligence can predict Staff Resilience; work ethics can predict Staff Resilience Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
468 - The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Hakim Sabzevari University Faculty Members
Hassan Nodehi Zohre Sadat Sadr -
Open Access Article
469 - The Interactive Effectiveness of Spiritual Intelligence and Life Skills Training on Improving Attitudes of Students to Life Skills
Kourosh Goodarzi Faramarz Sohrabi Nourali Farrokhi Abstract The interactive effectiveness between Spiritual Intelligence (SQ) and life skills training (LST) on improving attitudes of university students to life skills were carried out in a randomized block designs study. At first, 166 male & female university More Abstract The interactive effectiveness between Spiritual Intelligence (SQ) and life skills training (LST) on improving attitudes of university students to life skills were carried out in a randomized block designs study. At first, 166 male & female university students were randomly selected out of 11370 students at Islamic Azad University in Borujerd. Then attitude to life skills questionnaire (Ahadi, 1386), and Spiritual Intelligence questionnaire (Naseri, 1386) were filled out by the subjects. On the basis of the results of the Spiritual Intelligence questionnaire (higher or lower than the mean), the subjects were divided into four groups. There were two experimental groups, one with a higher score on SQ and the other with a lower score on SQ and two control groups under the same situation. The experimental groups in two separate classes of students with higher and lower score on SQ took part in 16 sessions of 3 hours of the LST, in a time span of 8 weeks. At the end of the course, subjects filled out the attitude to life skills questionnaire as the post test. Finally, after four months in order to figure out the stability or possible changes in the results, once more, in a follow- up study, the attitude to life skills questionnaire was administered. The results of statistical test of Independent-Samples t-test indicated that LST have a significant effect on improving attitudes of university students to life skills, though in an interaction with SQ, the two aforementioned factors have no significant effect on those. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
470 - The Relation between Strategic Management with Moral Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence among principals of first and second high schools of qale ganj city
Fatemeh Al-sadat RobatiThe purpose of this study is to consider the relation of The Relation between Strategic Management with Moral Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence among principals of first and second high schools of qale ganj city. This research is among descriptive correlational st MoreThe purpose of this study is to consider the relation of The Relation between Strategic Management with Moral Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence among principals of first and second high schools of qale ganj city. This research is among descriptive correlational study. A sample of 76 Secondary school administrators of qale ganj considered. The tools of data collected for the variable Strategic Management is the questionnaire of Strategic Management Goryan et al, for the variable Moral Intelligence is the questionnaire of link et al and questionnaire King for the variable of Spiritual Intelligence. Information are analyzed with SPSS software using descriptive statistics and inferential tests (Pearson correlation). The results showed that there was a positive significant relationship between Strategic Management With Moral Intelligence(Honesty, Responsibility, Compassion, Forgiveness), there was a positive significant relationship between Strategic Management With Spiritual Intelligence(Critical Existential Thinking, Creating Personal Meaning, Transcendental Consciousness, and Creating Awareness). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
471 - Investigating the Managers’ Spiritual Leadership Qualities and its Relationship with Job Satisfaction among Urmia Universitys Employees)
golaleh atashsiro kaveh feaziThe present study was conducted to investigate managers’ spiritual leadership qualities and its relationship with job satisfaction among Urmia University employees. Using descriptive correlation method, 234 employees were selected through stratified random samplin MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate managers’ spiritual leadership qualities and its relationship with job satisfaction among Urmia University employees. Using descriptive correlation method, 234 employees were selected through stratified random sampling. To collect the data, a standard questionnaire was adopted and adapted by the researchers from Fry’s Spiritual Leadership Scale and Job Satisfaction model develop by Wittle and Davis. To validate the questionnaires, management experts were consulted. Conducting a pilot study on a sample with 30 subjects, using the reliability of Spiritual Leadership Qualities and Job Satisfaction Questionnaires were computed as /.933 and/.894, respectively Chronbach’s alpha. Through courted data was analyzed using MANOVA and multiple regression analyses. The results revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between spiritual leadership qualities and all job satisfaction components. Furthermore, organization membership, significance, organizational vision, and performance feedback could predict job satisfaction components significantly and positively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
472 - Explained Employees University of Psychological Well-Being According to structures and organizational health Spiritual leadership
Ezatolah Ghadampour Liylaq yousefvand Parvvaneh radmehr Abstract Background & Aim: Psychological well-being of employees is affected by many variables. The most important spiritual leadership and organizational health can be noted. Therefore, this study done aimed to investigate explained employees university of m More Abstract Background & Aim: Psychological well-being of employees is affected by many variables. The most important spiritual leadership and organizational health can be noted. Therefore, this study done aimed to investigate explained employees university of medical Sciences Psychological well-Being according to structures spiritual leadership and organizational health. Methods: The present study was correlation relationship, the study population included all employees of Lorestan University of medical sciences, according to Morgan table, 200 individuals were chosen through simple random sampling. And all of these questionnaires ryff Psychological well-being (1980), the spiritual leader Fry et al (200) and organizational health Sufi et al (1391) were completed. The data Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis using software were spss19.Rezullts: The results showed that psychological well-being with spiritual leadership and organizational health and there was a significant positive correlation (P<0/001). The organizational health and psychological well-being able to predict %28 of the variance. Conclusion:The results of this study emphasize the importance of the role of organizational health and employee psychological well-being emphasized in the forecast and that the organization can understand the reasons and factors affecting the psychological well-being of their employees, and favorable working environment for employees to achieve organizational goals provide. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
473 - Effect of Spiritual Intelligence on Professional Ethics of Managers in High Schools of Doroud City
Mansour Torkiantabar Reza gorjiThis research aims on studying the effect of spiritual intelligence on professional ethics of managers in high schools of Doroud city. Methodology of this research is descriptive-surveying. Statistical population of this research includes all managers of high school in MoreThis research aims on studying the effect of spiritual intelligence on professional ethics of managers in high schools of Doroud city. Methodology of this research is descriptive-surveying. Statistical population of this research includes all managers of high school in Dorud city with 76 members. Census method was used for the limitation of statistical population, and whole population was selected as a sample. Data collection tool was Emonz spiritual intelligence questionnaire (2000) and professional ethics questionnaire (Ghasemzadeh et al., 2014) whose reliability was obtained by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient 0.85 and 0.79, respectively. Single and multivariate regression coefficient was used to analyze data. Results of research showed that spiritual intelligence has a significant effect on professional ethics of managers in high schools of Dorud city (P=0.0001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
474 - The representation of research experience model and its relationship with researcher spirituality and research self-efficacy of M.A. students of Islamic Azad University of Sari
Lila mardani Maryam Taghvaei Yazdi Kiyamarz NiazazariAbstract Every nation needs to organize research activities for its development and promotion. Since students are recognized as dynamic and future-makers in any society, therefore it is necessary to determine and resolve their research drawbacks. The purpose of this res MoreAbstract Every nation needs to organize research activities for its development and promotion. Since students are recognized as dynamic and future-makers in any society, therefore it is necessary to determine and resolve their research drawbacks. The purpose of this research is the representation of research experience model and its relationship with researcher spirituality and research self-efficacy of M.A. students of Islamic Azad University of Sari. And its implementation method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population that study in this research consist all 5112 MA. Students of 2015-2016 from Islamic Azad University of Sari. From that 361 students were randomly selected based on Krejcie and Morgan sampling table and applying stratified sampling method. For data collection was used the library and the field method. The data collection tool in this research was three researcher-made questionnaire included research experience, research spirituality and research self-efficacy. The content validity of these questionnaires was approved by supervisors, advisors and experts in the field and their reliability was obtained by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively (83%, 91% and 86%). To analyze the data was used two statistical methods included descriptive statistics (frequency, indicators mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (wilcoxon test non-parametric methods, spearman correlation test, strong regression and structural equation). For analysis was used spss software and LISREL. Findings from the research suggest that the simultaneous relationship was established between the predictor variables and the criterion variable. And also the researcher spirituality had mediator role in relationship between research experiences with research self-efficacy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
475 - The Role of spiritual intelligence and quality of work life in teachers’s self-efficacy
Siros ghanbari madineh hematiThe aim of present study is to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence and quality of work life on teachers self-efficacy of elementary schools in Hamedan city in 1393. Using relative stratified random sampling and based on kerjci and Morgan table 310 teachers MoreThe aim of present study is to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence and quality of work life on teachers self-efficacy of elementary schools in Hamedan city in 1393. Using relative stratified random sampling and based on kerjci and Morgan table 310 teachers selected. For data collection standard questionnaires of spiritual intelligence quality of work life, and teachers self- efficacy were used. For data analysis pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used. The results showed that spiritual intelligence and teachers self-efficiency of elementary schools were above the average(3) as well as their quality of working life was average(3). Between spiritual intelligence and teachers self- efficacy there was significantly positive relationship. As were as between quality of work life and teachers self –efficacy. The result of multiple regression analysis showed that using spiritual intelligence, quality of work life teachers we can predict teachers self-efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
476 - The Role of Spiritual Leadership and Psychological Capital on Teachers’ Work Engagementin Public Girls Secondary and High Schools in Tehran
bahareh Maleky Farahany parivash JafaryThis study was conducted to investigate the role of spiritual leadership and psychological capital on teachers work engagement. The research method was descriptive and of correlation type. Statistical population included all teachers in public secondary and high schools MoreThis study was conducted to investigate the role of spiritual leadership and psychological capital on teachers work engagement. The research method was descriptive and of correlation type. Statistical population included all teachers in public secondary and high schools in region 4 of Tehran (N=1418) in 2014-15. The sample size was estimated 302, according to Morgan table, and was selected through cluster sampling. To collect the data, three questionnaires were used: (a) Fry et al’s (2005) Spiritual Leadership questionnaire, (b) Luthanz et al’s (2007) Psychological Capital questionnaire, and (c) Schaufeli et al’s (2006) Work Engagement questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaires verified through Pilot study and comprehensive review of the literature, as well as the judgment of experts. The reliability of the questionnaires was estimated as 0.95, 0.85 and 0.87 respectively through Cronbach Alpha. Descriptive statistics (frequency tables, mean, variance, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (One sample t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis) were used for analyzing the data. The results of Data analysis at level of significance indicated that there was a positive and significant relation between (a) spiritual leadership and teachers work engagement (r=0.56), (b) psychological capital and teachers work engagement (r=0.60), and (c) spiritual leadership and teachers psychological capital (r=0.54). Also the results of path analysis indicated that spiritual leadership and psychological capital can explain changes in work engagement and work engagement is mushy a function of psychological capital changes. Moreover spiritual leadership influences both directly and indirectly work engagement via psychological capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
477 - The study of the effect of organizational agility on spiritual intelligence and empowerment of employees of executive organizations of Zahedan
Hassan shahraki pourThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of organizational agility on spiritual intelligence and empowerment of employees of executive organizations in Zahedan. Using survey method and using questionnaire technique, research data was collected from 371 employee MoreThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of organizational agility on spiritual intelligence and empowerment of employees of executive organizations in Zahedan. Using survey method and using questionnaire technique, research data was collected from 371 employees of Zahedan city which were selected using Morgan and Kerji sampling table (1975) and proportional stratified sampling method. In order to validate the questionnaire, the qualitative content validity method was used and the internal consistency method was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha method. Cronbach's alpha for organizational agility equaled 0.93, for the spiritual intelligence of employees was equal to 0.92 and for staff empowerment equal to 0.89. The findings of the research in bivariate analysis show that there is a significant effect between the variable and organizational agility components, namely, speed, competence, responsiveness and flexibility with two variables of employees' spiritual intelligence and employee empowerment at the error level of 0.01. Moreover, in the multivariate analysis section and in the regression analysis section, it has been shown that the two variables of organizational agility and spiritual intelligence of the employees were 53% (based on multiple correlation coefficient) and 30% (based on the actual determination coefficient) of variance and dispersion the dependent variables explain the empowerment of employees. In this regard, the organizational agility variable with a beta of 0/53 was more than the spiritual intelligence variable with a beta of 0/12 on the dependent variable. In the path analysis section, it has also been shown that the organizational agility variable of 0.35 per employee's empowerment has been directly influenced. Finally, the spiritual intelligence variable of the employees had a significant effect of 0.19 on empowerment of the employees, which was 0.12 directly and 0/07 was indirect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
478 - The representation of research experience model and its relationship with researcher spirituality and research self-efficacy of M.A. students of Islamic Azad University of Sari
lila Mardani Maryam Taghvaie yazdi Koumars Nieyaz AzarieAbstract Every nation needs to organize research activities for its development and promotion. Since students are recognized as dynamic and future-makers in any society, therefore it is necessary to determine and resolve their research drawbacks. The purpose of this res MoreAbstract Every nation needs to organize research activities for its development and promotion. Since students are recognized as dynamic and future-makers in any society, therefore it is necessary to determine and resolve their research drawbacks. The purpose of this research is the representation of research experience model and its relationship with researcher spirituality and research self-efficacy of M.A. students of Islamic Azad University of Sari. And it's implementation method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population that study in this research consist all 5112 MA. Students of 2015-2016 from Islamic Azad University of Sari. From that 361 students were randomly selected based on Krejcie and Morgan sampling table and applying stratified sampling method. For data collection was used the library and the field method. The data collection tool in this research was three researcher-made questionnaire included research experience, research spirituality and research self-efficacy. The content validity of these questionnaires was approved by supervisors, advisors and experts in the field and their reliability was obtained by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively (83%, 91% and 86%). To analyze the data was used two statistical methods included descriptive statistics (frequency, indicators mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (wilcoxon test non-parametric methods, spearman correlation test, strong regression and structural equation). For analysis was used spss software and LISREL. Findings from the research suggest that the simultaneous relationship was established between the predictor variables and the criterion variable. And also the researcher spirituality had mediator role in relationship between research experience with research self-efficacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
479 - The survey psychometric of mental health and spiritual intelligence tests
Marzeiyeh GholamiThe main purpose of this research was The survey psychometric of mental health and spiritual intelligence tests in student university of shahrbabak city. The statistical universe included all students in a dormitory, amounting to a sample set of 166 people. About 154 pe MoreThe main purpose of this research was The survey psychometric of mental health and spiritual intelligence tests in student university of shahrbabak city. The statistical universe included all students in a dormitory, amounting to a sample set of 166 people. About 154 people in this group were selected as the sample. In this research, the measuring devices was mental health and spiritual intelligence Questionnaires were determined as having sufficient reliability and validity. This study was conducted as a comparative and analytical investigation. The dormitory supervisor put all students on one or two scales on based do or not do religious tasks. Results of all scales on evaluations of spiritual intelligence and mental health, showed that means of students who participated in religious task had higher scores, demonstrating that they were in a more healthy mental state. The results of MANOVA test showed that the religious task has a meaningful effect on mental health and spiritual intelligence scales at the level (p<0.01) except on the scale of headache and loneless and stomachs problems Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
480 - Preparinga list for analyzing adults’ spiritual health based on Islamic-Iranian culture
zahra abaspor azar sadegh taghi louThe spirituality and religious researchers have been focused on creating a measurement tool in recent years. However, this trend has been forsaken in spiritual health field so far. In order to introduce an efficient measurement tool, this research proposes a new spiritu MoreThe spirituality and religious researchers have been focused on creating a measurement tool in recent years. However, this trend has been forsaken in spiritual health field so far. In order to introduce an efficient measurement tool, this research proposes a new spiritual health inventory. This is a practical research in the form of the questionnaire. The population pool included high school students of Karaj city. A number of 628 students were selected using multi level selection methods and were tasked to fill out the spiritual health and NEO-FFI questionnaires. A structure with eight components were developed using the principal component analysis (PCA). Finally based on scary test, six components were selected with varimax rotation. These components were as follows: religious belief, heart peace, spiritual aesthetics, self-acceptance,holy feeling, believe in miracle. These results also demonstrated that scores of extracted components are valid and reliable. Finally, the the correlation coefficients between spiritual health inventory components and NEOPI Factors were as expected. Conclusively, the results of this research indicates that spiritual health inventory test demonstrates reliable properties to be used as a spiritual health test in teenagers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
481 - The study of relationship between spiritual leadership and organiztional Frequency and Education staff
fatah nazem hosseinali allamehInvestigating the Relationship between Spiritual Leadership and Organizational Culture with the Empowerment of Education Staff Tehran City Review: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual leadership and organizational culture MoreInvestigating the Relationship between Spiritual Leadership and Organizational Culture with the Empowerment of Education Staff Tehran City Review: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual leadership and organizational culture and their dimensions with employee empowerment. The sample size was 384 people selected through simple random sampling. Data was gathered from Fayyar Spiritual Leadership 2003, Spectorizer Empowerment 1995, and Haftsdad Organizational Culture 1980. Data analysis showed that the correlation between spiritual leadership variable and employee empowerment is significant. There is a significant correlation between organizational culture variable and empowerment of employees. There is a significant relationship between spiritual management dimensions and employee empowerment. There was no meaningful relationship between belief in relationship with friendship and relationship with empowerment. Also, there was a meaningful relationship between dimensions of organizational culture and empowerment. Only variable Democracy did not show a relationship with empowerment. The conclusion is that there is no doubt that the prosperity of any community dependent on the development of human resources is imperative, and this requires the existence of appropriate leadership and leadership along with its culture. Keywords: Spiritual Leadership - Organizational Culture - Employee Empowerment Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
482 - The study of the effect of spiritual capital and social capital on organizational culture of Islamic Azad University
parinaz Banici haniyeh farhoudiThe present study examines the effect of spiritual and social capital on the organizational culture of employees at Damavand Islamic Azad University. The research method is descriptive-survey. The statistical population consists of 175 employees of all Islamic Azad Univ MoreThe present study examines the effect of spiritual and social capital on the organizational culture of employees at Damavand Islamic Azad University. The research method is descriptive-survey. The statistical population consists of 175 employees of all Islamic Azad University of Damavand Branch. According to the Morgan table, 118 individuals were selected as samples. The instrument used in this research was a questionnaire. In order to measure spiritual capital, Zohhar (2005) questionnaire (19 questions) was used to assess organizational culture from the Denison (1985) questionnaire (60 questions). To measure social capital, the questionnaire was used by Kukhan and Prosak (2001). ) Was used with 23 questions. Cronbach's Alpha for the spiritual capital questionnaire was 0.75, social capital was 0.79 and for organizational culture it was 0.78, which indicates the appropriate reliability of the research tool. The test used in this research is a single sample t test. Also, to investigate the effect of spiritual and social capital on organizational culture, SmartPLS software has been used. The results of the research showed that from the viewpoint of employees of Islamic Azad University Damavand, the status of existing organizational culture and all its dimensions was favorable. The spiritual capital (except components; the dimensions of the central perspective and value-centeredness, bloodshed and charisma) and for social capital (except the component; the norms of partnership and cooperation) are in a desirable situation. Also, the effect of social capital and their components on organizational culture in Islamic Azad University was significant at 95% confidence level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
483 - Investigating the role of mediator of organizational justice and quality of work life in modeling the effect of spiritual intelligence on self-efficacy;Examining the views of teachers
jafar beikzad ali hedayat fasandozThe purpose of this study is to explain the effect of spiritual intelligence on teacher self-efficacy through the mediator of organizational justice and quality of work life. The population consisted of high school teachers in Naghadeh city, which were selected by rando MoreThe purpose of this study is to explain the effect of spiritual intelligence on teacher self-efficacy through the mediator of organizational justice and quality of work life. The population consisted of high school teachers in Naghadeh city, which were selected by random sampling method, 230 subjects. The descriptive - correlation research method is applied using structural equation model as an applied research. Data were collected by David King's standard intelligence questionnaire, Sherer's general self-efficacy, Walton's quality of work life, and organizational justice, Nijouff and Morell. In order to test the fitting goodness, structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach was performed. The results of the analysis showed that spiritual intelligence has a positive and significant effect on the teachers' self-efficacy, quality of work life, and organizational justice. Spiritual intelligence explains directly the quality of work life and organizational justice (0.26, 0.63, and 0.59) of teacher self-efficacy changes, respectively. And indirectly by mediating organizational justice and quality of work life, respectively, are 0.26 and 0.18, respectively, affecting self-efficacy. Organizational justice also explains 0.35 changes in quality of work life, and the variable of spiritual intelligence with organizational justice mediator explains 0.20 of changes in the quality of working life. The direct effect of organizational justice and quality of work life on self-efficacy is respectively 0.44 and 0.28, respectively. The significant coefficients of all paths are greater than 1.96. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
484 - Managing the factors influencing the spiritual education of preschool children by presenting a model
mahdi bayati سید شمس الدین Hashemi علیرضا Faghihi۱۱۷۹/۵۰۰۰The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the spiritual education of preschool children and provide a model. In terms of purpose, research can be considered as applied research and in terms of mixed nature (qualitative and quantitative). The More۱۱۷۹/۵۰۰۰The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the spiritual education of preschool children and provide a model. In terms of purpose, research can be considered as applied research and in terms of mixed nature (qualitative and quantitative). The research community in the qualitative section (extraction of factors affecting children's spiritual upbringing) were related internal and external sources, which were selected using targeted sampling method and snowball and helped the researcher to saturate the information. In the quantitative section, the total number of preschool teachers in the north, south, east, west and center of Tehran was 5,000, and according to Karajsi and Morgan table, 358 of them were estimated as a sample and through stratified sampling method. O were selected in proportion to the volume ... The research findings in the qualitative section indicated that the spiritual education of preschool children is influenced by three main factors: sense of awareness, sense of worth and mystical feeling. In the quantitative section, the instructors of the preschool course in Tehran confirmed the validity of the extracted model. Therefore, policy makers and curriculum planners in preschool and elementary school can take appropriate measures to implement the desired and quality of spiritual development by using the conceptual model extracted. Instructors will also be able to apply the existing model based on practical teaching experiences to have more meaningful spiritual teaching. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
485 - The effect of spiritual leadership on electronic entrepreneurship due to the role of organizational learning mediator (study: Financial staff of the Ministry of Education)
Saber Salehnezhad Behrestaghi seyedeh esmat rasouli Ali Heydari ParchkoohiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mediator of organizational learning on the impact of spiritual leadership on electronic entrepreneurship entrepreneurship in education. The research method was descriptive-correlational in terms of purpose and dat MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mediator of organizational learning on the impact of spiritual leadership on electronic entrepreneurship entrepreneurship in education. The research method was descriptive-correlational in terms of purpose and data collection method. The statistical population of the study consisted of 360 financial staff members of the Ministry of Education, including using Morgan table and simple random sampling method, 186 people were considered as sample size. Analysis of the questionnaire collected from the research and testing of the hypotheses was performed using structural equation modeling method and using SMART PLS 2 software in two parts of the measurement model and the structural section . Reliability, convergent validity and validity of the questionnaire were reviewed in the measurement model and in the second section, the semantic coefficients of software were used to examine the research hypotheses. Research results have a significant effect on spiritual leadership on electronic entrepreneurship; Spiritual leadership on organizational learning; Organizational learning on electronics entrepreneurship, as well as the role of the mediator of organizational learning on the impact of spiritual leadership on electronic entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
486 - The effect of brain hemispheres, nutrition and spiritual remembrance on the school of pragmatism and Ibn Sinai
hamidreza saremi manesh seyedeh esmat rasouli Vahid FallahThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of brain hemispheres, nutrition and spiritual remembrance on the school of pragmatism and Ibn Sinaei. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of data collection method. MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of brain hemispheres, nutrition and spiritual remembrance on the school of pragmatism and Ibn Sinaei. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the study was all primary school students in Sabzevar, which was about 24,000 people in 100 public schools in the year 1398. Multi-stage random sampling method and statistical sample size based on all SEM experts (343 people) and considering the 20% probability of drop in the number of samples, 350 people were considered and analyzed. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. In the present study, the validity of content and structure was used to determine the validity of the questionnaires; also, in order to measure the reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used, and the findings indicated the reliability and validity of the measuring instrument. The collected data obtained from the distribution of the questionnaire in two descriptive and inferential sections (structural equations) were analyzed using Spss22 and Amos software. Findings showed that the results of the study showed that: Hemispheres of the brain, nutrition, remembrance and the Qur'an are effective in improving the evolutionary processes of the brain by relying on the school of pragmatism and Ibn Sina. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
487 - Examining the educational leader's attitude component from Imam Khomeini's point of view
zahra abbaszadehSince Imam khomaini is a capable manager, it is expected all organizations,especially educational organizations present,the type of their attitude in her thoughts and management. The main goal of the research ,is check and identify dimension of educational leader s atti MoreSince Imam khomaini is a capable manager, it is expected all organizations,especially educational organizations present,the type of their attitude in her thoughts and management. The main goal of the research ,is check and identify dimension of educational leader s attitude in the collection of hmam khomaini s speeches. The method of this research is content analysis and theme analysis. The statistical population of this research the collection of Imam khomaini s speeches and the statistical sample of those lectures is with management aspect. The collection tool is a resercher-made questionnaire. Friedman s test was used to work the status of research variables. Cronbach s alpha was confirmed to measure the reliability of the questionnaire wich was using spss soft ware equal to 85% .The results showed that the most insignificant confficient is related to the duty -oriented component. According to the results of the research, it can be said the dimension of attitude has three components of sincerity, duty –oriented , service spirit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
488 - Identification of components and indicators model for developing spiritual leadership in school principals (Case study: Tehran schools)
reyhaneh davariAbstract The purpose of this study was to Identifying the components and indicators of the spiritual leadership development model for the development of spiritual leadership in school principals (Case study: Tehran schools). The research method was quantitative. The stu MoreAbstract The purpose of this study was to Identifying the components and indicators of the spiritual leadership development model for the development of spiritual leadership in school principals (Case study: Tehran schools). The research method was quantitative. The study population consisted of all professors, staff, managers and specialists in secondary education in Tehran. The number of samples was selected using Cochran's formula of 369 principals and deputies of secondary education in Tehran. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential methods using SPSS 16 and Smart PLS software. The results showed that ten components are involved in explaining the model for spiritual leadership in the second secondary education principals of Tehran, which are: Individual dimension - love component to altruism, individual dimension - faith component, individual dimension - sincerity component, individual dimension - resurrection component, individual dimension - trust component, organizational dimension - vision component, organizational dimension - organizational commitment component, organizational dimension - Organizational membership component, organizational dimension - performance feedback component, and finally organizational dimension - content literacy (job attractiveness). Determination coefficient and adjusted determination coefficient; Indicates the proper fit of the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
489 - A comparative study of the characterization of women in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and the stories of the Holy Quran
Sayyed Amir Sayyed Jafari Sayyed Mohammad HoseiniThe characterization of Iranian women in stories, poems, and plays is only everlasting when it is taken from the Iranian-Islamic culture. In this regard, this research seeks to answer the question of what themes and elements have been used in the characterization of wom MoreThe characterization of Iranian women in stories, poems, and plays is only everlasting when it is taken from the Iranian-Islamic culture. In this regard, this research seeks to answer the question of what themes and elements have been used in the characterization of women in the stories of the Holy Quran and the stories of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. So, by applying the comparative approach and the descriptive-analytical method, it has been concluded that the personality of women is divided into two categories of benevolent and malevolent women. A benevolent woman is spiritual and insists on following customs and traditions, and she emphasizes on the importance of the family institution, especially the role of the husband and father in the family whereas, a malevolent woman is only concentrated on the materialistic aspects and thereby is not committed to the institution of family, rites and traditions. Finally, the characterization of women in the aforementioned texts are discussed based on the dual themes of materialism and spirituality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
490 - The structure of the sacred affair in YasnaSherwin
Sherwin VakiliIn this article first the structural code of the sacred affair in Yasna has been investigated and its counterpart concepts of the same root in the vedic sources have been studied. Then the arrangement and organization of these centers of meanings representing the sacred MoreIn this article first the structural code of the sacred affair in Yasna has been investigated and its counterpart concepts of the same root in the vedic sources have been studied. Then the arrangement and organization of these centers of meanings representing the sacred affair is pointed out, and finally a pentavalent system has been suggested which on the one hand is connected to the forces forming the human soul and spirit and on the other hand is related to the elements forming the material world and in this way it welds the material and the spiritual worlds and also the great and small world together. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
491 - Moulana’s spirituality in Contemporary Era
Azarmidokht SafaviThe purpose of this article is to point out moral and spiritual foundations which were drawn from the words of Moulanapresent whether in Masnavi, Ghazaliat orFihe ma fih in order to demonstrate that in the midst of crisis and unrest of the present world how these rich m MoreThe purpose of this article is to point out moral and spiritual foundations which were drawn from the words of Moulanapresent whether in Masnavi, Ghazaliat orFihe ma fih in order to demonstrate that in the midst of crisis and unrest of the present world how these rich moral principles can be illuminating and soothing, to the contemporaryanguished man. Empathy, kindness towards people, aversion to injustice, liberality, and indulgence are characteristics selected among other grand thoughts of Moulana and emphasized by the author. lass=Style10ptFirstline1cmLinespacingExactly17pt>The main focus of this article is the great service made by Hosam al-Din to Persian literature and Iranians. His pivotal role and influence in composition of Masnavi is further exemplified by bringing evidence from Masnavi. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
492 - A classification method for anecdotes concerning “Extraordinary Deaths” (In Prose Mystic Manuscripts until the end of the 6th century Hegira)
Iraj ShahbaziOut of the wide variety of Mystic Tales, ones associated with death is the main concern in this article. Death of saints like the other parts of their lives is in a veil of mystery. Since to date, no serious attempt is made to classify such stories, hence i MoreOut of the wide variety of Mystic Tales, ones associated with death is the main concern in this article. Death of saints like the other parts of their lives is in a veil of mystery. Since to date, no serious attempt is made to classify such stories, hence in this article a precise and comprehensive method is suggested which classifies more than twenty eight kinds of such “incredible deaths”. For each story, full information about plot, content, saints, mystic figures, Performers of Miraculous Acts, moral points and the corresponding sources of tales is neatly presented thereby a large volume of information becomes readily available. For this purpose the method of Arneh-Thompson has been used. The research data is drawn upon thirteen prose mystic manuscripts covering the anecdotes till the end of the sixth century. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
493 - Moulana_s different approach to the question of Determinism and Free will
Asghar DadbehDeterminism and freewill are among the principal religious and discourse related issues which have been the subject of many discussions and investigations in Philosophy and Mysticism. Upon acceptance of determinism the mystery of man_s responsibility and the riddl MoreDeterminism and freewill are among the principal religious and discourse related issues which have been the subject of many discussions and investigations in Philosophy and Mysticism. Upon acceptance of determinism the mystery of man_s responsibility and the riddle of creation of sin arise and upon acceptance of freewill (Tafviz) we are faced with the paradox of limitation of God_s power and an exception to the ultimate law of causation emerge. Legal theorists, philosophers, mystics, each with their own criteria have attempted to solve the riddles. Moulana however cast a different look on the subject. Firstly he maintains that determinism and freewill like any other philosophical problem is disputable and discussion over it is endless. Secondly he illustrates that for practical reasons both problems are required by man and depending on his need, man sometimes inclines towards one or the other. Thirdly, since he looks at the problem from the pluralistic or dualistic perspective as a rational philosopher and a free thinker he justifies free will and from a monotheistic perspective, as a mystic believing in monotheism, confronting him he sees a determinism which is the same as free will and superior to that which he calls . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
494 - Talebi, the composer of Shoughnameh
Mehdi Mahoozi Maryam Amir ArjmandTalebi, the composer of Shoughnameh Mohammadi in the tenth century A.H. , being fluent in both Farsi, and Arabic started this work in masnavi style in the year 947 A.H., and terminated it in the holy Makeh in 949 A.H. The transcription of this unique copy in a cal MoreTalebi, the composer of Shoughnameh Mohammadi in the tenth century A.H. , being fluent in both Farsi, and Arabic started this work in masnavi style in the year 947 A.H., and terminated it in the holy Makeh in 949 A.H. The transcription of this unique copy in a calligraphic style was made by a calligrapher, Saghi-Ibn Solieman in 950 A.H. Soughnameh is the account of the spiritual journey of Beloghia, the Egyptian king, on his way to the place of pilgrimage of Prophet Mohammad which was composed in 4941 lines. The basic theme of this story is the longing and enthusiasm for reaching the Prophet’s sanctuary. Being largely under the influence of Masnavi Moulana, and Golshan Touhidi written by Shahedi, yet in terms of structure, Shoughnameh bears a lot of resemblance to Attar’s Mosibatnameh. Nevertheless, in expressing religious and moral issues, its tone like that of Sanaei Ghaznavi becomes more instructive and domineering. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
495 - The influence of BahaValad on Moulana in matters of the Soul
Mehdi ParhamThis article seeks the reflection of BahaValad’s thoughts in Maaref regarding the matters of soul in Moulana’sGhazaliat and Roubaiaat. The selected subjects,each demonstrates that they share the same perspective and use similar mode of expression.  MoreThis article seeks the reflection of BahaValad’s thoughts in Maaref regarding the matters of soul in Moulana’sGhazaliat and Roubaiaat. The selected subjects,each demonstrates that they share the same perspective and use similar mode of expression. Their common features often dependent on old Sufis beliefs, in some instances seem to be contrary to what was customary among Sufis at the time. As far as the following discussions such as the origin of soul, characteristics of soul, Soul of other creatures in the upper and lower world, and also the finality of soul are concerned Moulana shares views with his father. A mere glance at the apparent similarities proves that Jalalu din Mohammad was under the influence of his father’s thoughts. با نگاهی گذرا به همگونیهای محتوایی ـ صوری و بدون دقیق شدن در ریشههای مباحث، میتوان تأکید کرد که جلالالدین محمد از اندیشههای پدر متأثر بوده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
496 - Execution of Civil Verdicts of Spiritual Damages in Iran and England Law
Alireza Haraj Abasat PourmohammadAny damage caused to individuals, should be compensated by the person causing the damage. In addition to material and loss of life damages, there have also been spiritual damages and the legal system of Iran faces many challenges in execution of verdicts of compensation MoreAny damage caused to individuals, should be compensated by the person causing the damage. In addition to material and loss of life damages, there have also been spiritual damages and the legal system of Iran faces many challenges in execution of verdicts of compensation. This research was conducted in an analytical descriptive method and its purpose is to survey and compare the issue of spiritual damages in the two legal systems of Iran and England. The conclusion of research concluded that in England, spiritual damages are linked with material damages and are included for the first-degree relatives of victim. Forensic psychologists determine the severity of spiritual damages and then the judge determines the amount of damage and orders its payment. At the same time, the cost of treatment is objectively compensated, although this type of compensation can only be implemented for a genuine person. In Iran, there is no precise mechanism for determining spiritual damages and usually, the amount of damage is determined while referring to the judicial procedure and Arash, that is determined according to the report of experts, which usually does not explain the justice-oriented principles, therefore, judges mainly try to reach a compromise between the parties. Attention to this fact, revealed the necessity and requirement of complete and accurate determination of rules of this field. The compensation verdict of spiritual damage is sentenced according to criterions of execution judge in determination of accurate amount of damage, which has limited authorities that are not obvious in England Law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
497 - Prediction of couple’s communication patterns by spiritual health and psychological well-being
Mahmood Bahrami Ali Mohammad Nazari Kianoosh ZAhra karUnhappy marital relationship is often the result of negative communicational patterns. One approach to the study of marital communication is the explanation of couple’s communication patterns through the search for mechanisms of the formation of these patterns. Th MoreUnhappy marital relationship is often the result of negative communicational patterns. One approach to the study of marital communication is the explanation of couple’s communication patterns through the search for mechanisms of the formation of these patterns. The purpose of this study was to predict marital communication patterns by health spiritual and psychological well-being. For this purpose, in a descriptive study, 361 elementary female teacher were selected randomly from schools in Karaj. They were then chosen in cluster random sampling and were tested in terms of the communicational patterns, spiritual health and psychological well-being. Multiple regression analyzes indicated that there is a significant difference between the spiritual health, psychological wellbeing and couple’s communication patterns. It also became clear that the spiritual health and psychological well-being have the power to anticipate the positive and significant difference of mutual constructive communicational pattern. Spiritual health and psychological well-being have a significant and negative anticipating power for avoidant communicational patterns of avoidance and expectancy/withdrawal. It Seems couple’s awareness of the impact of their spiritual health and psychological well-being can increase mutual constructive communication and is effective in reducing inefficient communication between couples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
498 - Comparison of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy and spiritual therapy on perceived stress, body image and the quality of life of women with breast cancer
Sara Mohammadizadeh Javad Khalatbari Hasan Ahadi Hamid Reza HatamiWomen with breast cancer should be able to deal with the initial impact of receiving news of a cancer diagnosis and its family, social, economic, and personal consequences, as well as the side effects of treatment measures such as changes in physical appearance, changes MoreWomen with breast cancer should be able to deal with the initial impact of receiving news of a cancer diagnosis and its family, social, economic, and personal consequences, as well as the side effects of treatment measures such as changes in physical appearance, changes in roles, and social functioning. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy and spiritual therapy on perceived stress, body image and quality of life of women with breast cancer. For this purpose, during a semi-experimental approach with pretest-posttest with the control group, 60 women with breast cancer were selected as convenience sampling in Tajrish Hospital and randomly divided into four experimental groups (three groups and one control group). The groups were tested before and after training in terms of body image, perceived stress, and quality of life. The results of MANCOVA's analysis showed that cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective than the two other therapies and spiritual therapy is more effective than acceptance and commitment therapy on body image and quality of life; Also, spiritual therapy is more effective than two other therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy is more effective than acceptance and commitment therapy in perceived stress. Cognitive-behavioral therapy seems to be more effective in reducing perceived stress, body image, and quality of life in women with breast cancer than acceptance and commitment therapy and spiritual therapy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
499 - The role of spiritual well-being and coping strategies in risky behaviors of adolescents
Jafar Hassan Reyhaneh Sheykhan Akram Mahmoodzadeh Masoome NikrooThe occurrence of risky behaviors in four major areas of substance abuse, depression, suicide, high risk sexual relationship and aggression has become one of the most important concerns of human societies among adolescents and young people. The purpose of this study was MoreThe occurrence of risky behaviors in four major areas of substance abuse, depression, suicide, high risk sexual relationship and aggression has become one of the most important concerns of human societies among adolescents and young people. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of spiritual well-being and coping strategies in risky behaviors of adolescence. So, during a descriptive study, 278 patients (142 males and 136 females) of high school students were selected in Karaj city, using multi-stage cluster random sampling and they were investigated in terms of taking a risk, coping strategies, and spiritual well-being. The correlation coefficient of scores indicated that there is a significant negative correlation between the religious and existence well-being dimensions and each seven components of risky behaviors. Dimensions of self-control, problem solving wise, positive re -estimation and seeking social support had a significant negative correlation with all the seven components of risky behaviors in substance use. While this relationship is positive for confronting coping styles dimensions and avoidance. Escape / avoidance component with friendship with the opposite sex, relationships and sexual behavior in risky behaviors is positively correlated and taking responsibility is negatively correlated with dangerous driving component. It seems that the target is to place the spiritual growth and effective coping as a protective factors against stress, reducing mental health problems and behavioral problems which can help young people and the community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
500 - The impact of cognitive rehabilitation on working memory and verbal fluency in dyslexic students (a single case study)
Leila Fallahi Farah Lotfi Kashani Abbas Masjedi AraniThere is ample evidence confirming the relationship between psychological, social and spiritual issues and human’s biological systems, including the immune system. Breast cancer patients usually face significant distress related to probability of recurrence, death MoreThere is ample evidence confirming the relationship between psychological, social and spiritual issues and human’s biological systems, including the immune system. Breast cancer patients usually face significant distress related to probability of recurrence, death, body image, and psychological problems. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of group spiritual therapy on serum levels of Cytokine interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha among women with breast cancer. Therefor, in a semi-experimental study, 16 patients with breast cancer referred to Shohada Tajrish Hospital in Tehran were purposefully selected and randomly divided into experimental and control group. The experimental group received 12 sessions of spiritual therapy. The serum levels of Cytokine interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha of subjects in both groups were measured before, after, and three month after the last session. Multivariate analysis of variance of serum levels of Cytokine interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha revealed that spiritual therapy is effective in reducing serum levels of Cytokine interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha in women with breast cancer and has relative endurance over time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
501 - The Effectiveness of Group Emotional Schema Therapy on Decreasing Psychological Distress and Difficulty in Emotional Regulation in Divorced Women
haniye mohammadi zohre Sepehri Shamloo mohammad javad asghari ebrahim abadThe existence of multiple crises in human life and the effects that make it necessary to study the damage and the positive consequences of it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the qualitative aspects of spiritual components in post-traumatic individuals. To MoreThe existence of multiple crises in human life and the effects that make it necessary to study the damage and the positive consequences of it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the qualitative aspects of spiritual components in post-traumatic individuals. To this end, a qualitative research was conducted using the grounded theory of 50 people with disabilities resulting from car crashes that had been at least two years of their disability and assessed for post-traumatic growth. Twelve subjects with the highest scores in post-traumatic growth were interviewed in the semi-structured group. After the interview, open and axial analysis and coding were performed. 83 open codes and 23 axial codes. Among these core codes, which constitute the spiritual components of individuals who grow up after injury, one can refer to the belief in the purposefulness of creation, the hope of the hereafter, the belief in the existence of divine wisdom. This research has provided a new understanding of the dimensions of spiritual growth in post-traumatic human-induced Iranian culture. The presence of these components in the developed population can be explained with cases such as type of injury, change in life due to crisis, events that occurred during the crisis, cultural, social and religious context of the studied population. These components can be used to treat and facilitate growth in affected individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
502 - Comparison of the effectiveness of spiritual therapy and cognitive-behavior therapy on lowering blood cortisol levels in women with breast cancer
Zahra Jamshidifar Farah lotfi kashaniDiagnosed with cancer is highly stressful. High stress can complicate other physical problems in patients with cancer through cortisol. Various psychological therapies have been proposed to intervene in reducing stress levels and, of course, to help these patients recov MoreDiagnosed with cancer is highly stressful. High stress can complicate other physical problems in patients with cancer through cortisol. Various psychological therapies have been proposed to intervene in reducing stress levels and, of course, to help these patients recover. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of spiritual therapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy on lowering blood cortisol levels in women with breast cancer. For this purpose, during a quasi-experimental study with the control and follow-up group, 60 people (20 participants for first treatment group, 20 for second treatment group, and 20 for control group) from breast cancer women in Tehran's Shohada Tajrish Hospital in Tehran were selected using convenient sample method. Random forms were used in three experimental and control groups. The two experimental groups treated with spiritual and cognitive-behavioural therapy during eight, 90-minute sessions, but the control group did not receive treatment. The groups were tested for blood cortisol levels before, after, and 2 months after the intervention. The results of covariance analysis showed that both spiritual and cognitive-behavioural therapies were effective in reducing the cortisol levels of patients in treatment groups, although spiritual therapy was evaluated as more effective, also, the effectiveness was consistent in the follow-up test. This research supports the greater impact of spiritual interventions in reducing patients' stress levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
503 - Structural model of personality traits with mediating role of spirituality in suicidal tendency and drug abuse
heshmat ahmadi rahim davariPersonality refers to a complex organization of tendencies and characteristics that are associated with important life outcomes such as health and disease and can be effective in mediating high-risk behaviors.The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of MorePersonality refers to a complex organization of tendencies and characteristics that are associated with important life outcomes such as health and disease and can be effective in mediating high-risk behaviors.The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of spirituality in relation to personality traits with suicidal tendencies and drug abuse. Descriptive correlational research method was used for research purposes. The sample was selected by convenience sampling method. It consisted of 472 second and third grade high school male students in Karaj, Iran. Students’ main personality traits, spirituality, suicidal tendency and addiction tendency were assessed . The results of correlation analysis showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the neurotic personality traits and mediating role of spirituality and tendency toward suicidal thoughts and drug abuse, while there is a negative and significant relationship between personality traits of extroversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness and the mediating role of spirituality and tendency towards suicidal thoughts and drug abuse. And this relationship can be moderated by spirituality as mediator. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
504 - Effectiveness of the group's spiritual intelligence training on change of attitude towards drugs in students
Ghodsi Ahghae Spiritual intelligence is the intelligence with which we discuss issues of meaning and value, and we solve them. Intelligence which acts and lives in a wider, richer and more meaningful state and with the help of that we can estimate a series of behavior or a path More Spiritual intelligence is the intelligence with which we discuss issues of meaning and value, and we solve them. Intelligence which acts and lives in a wider, richer and more meaningful state and with the help of that we can estimate a series of behavior or a path of life more meaningful than others. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of spiritual intelligence training on change of attitude towards drugs in a group of high school students. For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental in pretest-posttest form, along with the control and follow-up groups, 60 students were selected using multi-stage sampling technique and were tested in terms of their attitudes towards drug use, a desire to use drugs and the dangers of drug use. The experiment group underwent 12 sessions of spiritual intelligence training, each session lasting 90 minutes. The groups were tested on attitude towards using drugs, a desire to use drugs and the dangers of drug use at the end of training and one month after completion of it. The result of covariance analysis indicated that spiritual intelligence training tends to be effective on the attitude of students towards the use of drugs, drug use and the dangers of drug use. This effect remained constant over time. It seems that spiritual intelligence is an integrative ability which flexibly questions one’s knowledge and leads towards improvement of it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
505 - Application of Spiritual Intervention Protocol in Women with Breast Cancer: A Brief Report
Shahram Vaziri Farah lotfi kashani Mohammad Esmayel AkbariPrevious studies have revealed that many professionals are willing to use spiritual interventions in clinical settings; however, they have access to no standard guide for their implementation, evaluation, and upgrading. This study aimed to determine the role of the Spir MorePrevious studies have revealed that many professionals are willing to use spiritual interventions in clinical settings; however, they have access to no standard guide for their implementation, evaluation, and upgrading. This study aimed to determine the role of the Spiritual Intervention Package (SIP) in altering the expression of serotonin and dopamine gene receptors, the serum levels of interleukin 10-interferon gamma and the necrosis factor of the alpha tumor, and blood cortisol levels, promoting general health, decreasing distress and sexual problems, and reinforcing empathy, marital satisfaction, and posttraumatic growth. To this end, this multi-axial research consisting of 10 independent studies (16-60 persons per group) was conducted and examined the effectiveness of SIP in a variety of clinical settings among women with breast cancer stages 1-3, who were visited at Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital during 2012-2017. The participants were selected using the purposive and voluntary sampling methods. The levels of IL4 and IFNγ, the percentage of T-CD, and 8 T-CD cells were assessed by flow cytometer. Moreover, general health, somatization, anxiety, social dysfunction, and depression; spiritual health, sexual problems, marital satisfaction, and posttraumatic growth were evaluated using standard questionnaires. The research showed the acceptable results for the implementation of SIP for concerned purposes. The effect size evaluation– a technique to compare the impacts of the SIP regardless of the sample size, and the squared ETA (R2) assessment showed that, on average, more than 70% of the observed changes in these studies were due to the application of spirituality intervention. The effect size for biological, psychological, and social measures revealed that SIP significantly improved the biological, psychological, and social status of patients with breast cancer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
506 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of Integrative Psychotherapy, Spiritual Therapy, and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on sexual dysfunction in Patients with Breast Cancer
Shovan Sheydaei Aghdam Farah LotfiKashani Shahram Vaziri ًَAfsaneh khajevand khoshliBreast is symbol of femininity. loss of the breast would somehow reduce femininity and sexual attractiveness of women. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of integrative psychotherapy, spiritual therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy on sexu MoreBreast is symbol of femininity. loss of the breast would somehow reduce femininity and sexual attractiveness of women. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of integrative psychotherapy, spiritual therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy on sexual dysfunction in women with breast cancer. For this purpose, in a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and control group, 60 women with breast cancer of Shohadaye-Tajrish Hospital in Tehran were selected by Convenience sampling method and randomly divided into 3 experimental groups and 1 control group. The sexual experience of groups was tested before and after research and two months afterward the interventions. Separate group therapy sessions were presented for all three groups once a week for 8 sessions in 90 minutes. The result of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), indicated that integrative psychotherapy, cognitive -behavior therapy, and spiritual therapy were effective on the sexual performance of patients under training, and this effect was consistent in the follow-up test. It seems that these therapies, along with other interventions such as medication and medical interventions, can be effective in reducing sexual dysfunction in these patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
507 - The Role of Mother's Adherence to Religious Teachings on Children's Spiritual Health with Looking at Iranian Culture
Fatemeh Askari Parviz Asgari Amir Reza AsgariThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mother's adherence to religious teachings on children's spiritual health with looking at Iranian culture. The research universe included all texts of religious teachings. The research sample enfolded mother's reli MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mother's adherence to religious teachings on children's spiritual health with looking at Iranian culture. The research universe included all texts of religious teachings. The research sample enfolded mother's religious teachings about children's spiritual health. The design of the research was descriptive-analytical. The library method was used to collect data, texts and references related to the subject. The data then were analyzed. The findings of the research showed that mothers should adhere to religious teachings for religious upbringing and spiritual health of their children. In Iranian culture, family is the main foundation and pillar of society and is considered a very valuable unit for Iranian society. In families with religious attitudes, children's attitudes are formed based on religious beliefs, and these beliefs lead to the formation of religious personality in children and finally concluded to positive behaviors on their part. Adherence of the mother to the religious teachings, including the customs of breastfeeding the baby, praying, fasting, accompanying the child in the mourning rituals of the family, encouraging the mother, morality and piety, helping to find a friend, prayer and trust, modesty, self-improvement and harmony. These religious teachings directly and indirectly from childhood affect the spiritual health of individuals and cause the formation of their spiritual personality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
508 - The role of the culture of self-sacrifice and martyrdom on the feeling of social security mediated by spiritual intelligence
aghil rastegari maryam hafezianIntroduction and Objective: In this study, the effect of the culture of self-sacrifice and martyrdom in relation to the feeling of social security with the mediating role of spiritual intelligence was examined in the form of a causal model. Method:The statistical popu MoreIntroduction and Objective: In this study, the effect of the culture of self-sacrifice and martyrdom in relation to the feeling of social security with the mediating role of spiritual intelligence was examined in the form of a causal model. Method:The statistical population of the study consisted of all employees of the organization of the martyr Foundation of North Khorasan Province in 160 people who were selected by stratified random sampling of 113 persons according to Morgan's Curriesi Journal (1972). To collect data from social security questionnaires, self-sacrifice culture And martyrdom and spiritual intelligence were used. The reliability of the questionnaires was ./83, ./90, and ./92 respectively, indicating high validity and reliability of the questionnaire. In order to analyze the hypotheses of the research, the structural model method has been used with the help of Lisrel software. Findings: The results of the structural equation model showed that the culture of self-sacrifice and martyrdom with a value of 0.54 affects the feeling of social security and the culture of self-sacrifice and martyrdom with a value of 0.48 affects spiritual intelligence and spiritual intelligence with a value of 0.36 affects the feeling of social security. Conclusion: The results showed that by strengthening the culture of self-sacrifice and martyrdom, the feeling of social security has also increased, in which spiritual intelligence plays a positive mediating role. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
509 - the Effectiveness of Group Education based on the Islam—Oriented Religious Spiritual Approach on the Psychological Distress, Guilt and Quality of Perceived Marital Relationship of intellectually disabled student's mothers
nazila mazruei Marzieh Alivandi Vafa نعیمه محبThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of group training based on Islam-oriented spiritual-religious approach on psychological disturbance, guilt and the perceived quality of marital relationship of mothers of intellectually disabl MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of group training based on Islam-oriented spiritual-religious approach on psychological disturbance, guilt and the perceived quality of marital relationship of mothers of intellectually disabled students. This research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and control group design; the statistical population included all the mothers of Intellectually disability students in the academic year 1399-1400 who were studying in exceptional primary schools in Tabriz city. From among this population 24 mothers were selected purposfully as the sample and put into two groups of experimental and control, each having 12 members. The instruments which Were used included Doss psychological disturbance questionnaire (1995), guilt questionnaire (self-aware emotion) (1992) and Fletcher's perceived relationship quality scale (2002). the experimental group received the In the Farsi abstract you have written that you have only one experimental and one control group spiritual-religious approach (11 sessions) and the control group did not receive the training program. Multivariate covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings of this research showed that Group training based on the spiritual-religious approach of Islam is effective on psychological disturbance, guilt and perceived marital relationship quality of mothers of intellectually disability students. Based on the results obtained from this research, it can be concluded that group training based on Islam-oriented spiritualreligious approach spiritual-religious approach can be used as complementary interventions to reduce problems and solve the psychological problems of mothers of students with Intellectually disabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
510 - Evaluation of empirical desalinization models in saline soils and determining an appropriate model for north-Ahwaz area, Iran
Marouf Siosemarde fereydon kaveh ebrahim pazira hosein sedgi seead jamil ghaderiSoil salinization and sodification caused by salt accumulation are the common phenomena that manifest in irrigated agriculture in arid and semiarid regions, and reclamation of salt-affected soils has become an important tool for improving crop production. The irrigated MoreSoil salinization and sodification caused by salt accumulation are the common phenomena that manifest in irrigated agriculture in arid and semiarid regions, and reclamation of salt-affected soils has become an important tool for improving crop production. The irrigated agriculture is suffering severe secondary salinization. A large quantity of irrigated land has been abandoned due to salt accumulation which is threatening local environment and socio-economy. The aims of this research was evaluation of empirical desalinization models of saline soils, and determining the appropriate model for soil reclamation at these sites. For this purpose, two experimental areas (Sl, S2) of north-Ahwaz at Khuzestan province, Iran were selected and four treatments with three replications by series of double rings were applied. The treatments were included 25, 50, 75 and 100 cm water application. It was concluded that 87.12 and 84.54% of initial salinity in pilots S1 and S2 was removed by 100 cm water leaching at one meter layer of soil, respectively. In this study, 18 empirical models were compared by using initial and final values of electrical conductivity (EC) relation to net leaching water depth to soil depth. The results showed that cubic and exponential models were the best models with high correlation and accuracy in pilots S1 and S2, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
511 - The necessity of water and salt balance monitoring in sugarcane root zone on middle part of Khuzestan province, Iran farmlands
Faezeh RajabzadehConsidering of saline soils in middle part of Khuzestan province, Iran and also the leached soils having capacity to be saline, the irrigation agenda or the percent of irrigation water emission from the roots region must be adjusted and controlled so that a desirable ba MoreConsidering of saline soils in middle part of Khuzestan province, Iran and also the leached soils having capacity to be saline, the irrigation agenda or the percent of irrigation water emission from the roots region must be adjusted and controlled so that a desirable balance of soil salinity in roots growth region is created to prevent salinization of soil after soil optimization. Therefore, current research is about the water and salt balance in roots growth region of sugarcane cultivated soils. Accordingly, the values of ΔZ (the variations of salinity supply), Z1, Z2 (the first and second concentration of salt level in the region of roots growth) and ECe (electrical conductivity level of saturated soil) in different months of cultivation year were calculated. The results indicated that calculated ECe had the intervals between 2.26 dS/m and 2.59 dS/m that by 10% crop decrement, it is less than determined allowable maximum,that is, ECe = 3/4 dS/m. On the other hand, the level of depth percolations resulting from irrigation showed the control sufficiency of salt accumulation in the depth of roots growth and the desirable agronomic conditions to plant growth are provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
512 - Effect of biofertilizers on vegetative growth and essential oil of sweet basil
Vahid Maleki Khaled Salimi Mohammad Reza ArdakaniABSTRACT To study the effect of biofertilizers including mycorrhiza, azotobacter and azospirillum bacteria on vegetative traits of basil plant, an experiment was conducted at research field of Karaj Azad University based on randomized complete block MoreABSTRACT To study the effect of biofertilizers including mycorrhiza, azotobacter and azospirillum bacteria on vegetative traits of basil plant, an experiment was conducted at research field of Karaj Azad University based on randomized complete block design with four replications. Eight treatments include: no inoculation as control, inoculation with mycorrhiza, inoculation with azotobacter, inoculation with azospirillum, inoculation with mycorrhiza + azotobacter, inoculation with mycorrhiza + azospirillum, inoculation with azotobacter + azospirillum, and inoculation with mycorrhiza + azotobacter + azospirillum. Shoot amd root dry and fresh weight, inflorescence and plant height of sweet basil significantly increased by incubation with biofertilizers. Shoot dry weight was significantly higher in integrative inculation in camparison with control, but there were no significant differences among individual incubation of biofertilizers with control. Root dry and fresh weight were significantly higher in azotobacter and azospirillum in comparison with mycorrhiza; however, there was not a noticeable increase in integrative inoculation of biofertilizers. Inflorescence length and plant height were siginificantly higher in treated plants in camparison with control. In contrast, leaf width, leaf length and essential oil content of basil were not affected by biofertilizers. Thus, integrative application of azotobacter and azospirillum as seed incubation to increase the biomass and essential oil yield of basil is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
513 - A framework for identifying factors affecting the performance of businesses active in tourism with spiritual approach
Mahnaz Shojaee Ara Mohammad Hasan Maleki Mohammad Mehdi Rahimian AslThe discussion of spirituality in tourism has recently been raised and the creation of peace, a sense of unity and integrity is very attractive for tourists. The aim of the current research is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the performance of businesse MoreThe discussion of spirituality in tourism has recently been raised and the creation of peace, a sense of unity and integrity is very attractive for tourists. The aim of the current research is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the performance of businesses active in the field of spiritual tourism. The current research in terms of paradigmatic, proof foundations; From the perspective of orientation, it is applied and from the point of view of methodology, it is mixed. 15 experts in the field of spirituality and mysticism, tourism experts, entrepreneurs and university professors in the field of tourism management in Qom province constitute the statistical population of the current research, who were selected by judgmental sampling. To carry out the research in the first stage, through reviewing the background of the subject and interviewing experts, 18 factors affecting the performance evaluation of businesses active in spiritual tourism were extracted. Then, the extracted factors were evaluated and analyzed using the Binomial test, and then the remaining 9 factors were evaluated and analyzed using the DMATAL technique. Finally, five effective factors including trust and commitment in action, marketing in the tourism industry, environmental awareness with the empowerment of tourists, the ability of businesses to attract financial resources and the priority of the tourism industry for the government were prioritized using the CODAS technique. According to the results, the use of marketing tools in the tourism industry received the highest priority from the point of view of experts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
514 - The study of organizational agility and entrepreneurial spirit with regard to the moderating role of knowledge management
omid safari gholamreza safari mohamad niknamThe purpose of this study was connection between organizational agility and entrepreneurial spirit with regard to the moderating role of knowledge management in among physical education teachers in Mamsani and Rostam cities. This research was applied in terms of purpose MoreThe purpose of this study was connection between organizational agility and entrepreneurial spirit with regard to the moderating role of knowledge management in among physical education teachers in Mamsani and Rostam cities. This research was applied in terms of purpose, as well as descriptive-correlational in terms of nature and method and cross-sectional in terms of time. The statistical population in this study is among physical education teachers in Mamsani and Rostam cities ars, which is 87people and according to the census method, all members of the statistical population have been studied as a sample. In this study, standard questionnaires of organizational agility of Felto et al. (2011), Shrrnen and lasaon knowledge management (2003) and entrepreneurial spirit of Fallah (2017) have been used. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the final approval of the supervisor and the reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha for all three questionnaires which were 0.904, 0.865 and 0.894 and more than 0.80, respectively. Pearson correlation test, regression analysis and structural equation modeling and SPSS and PLS software were used to answer the research questions. The results of Pearson correlation test showed a positive and significant relationship between organizational agility, knowledge management and its components with entrepreneurial spirit; Organizational agility and its components had a positive and significant relationship with information technology. The results of regression analysis showed that entrepreneurial spirit can be predicted based on organizational agility, knowledge management and their components. knowledge management can be Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
515 - Predicting academic vitality based on spiritual intelligence and self-compassion in students
Mohammad Ghamari Aqdas beyadAbstract The purpose of the research was to predict academic vitality based on spiritual intelligence and self-compassion in students. The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population is all students of the Faculty of Psychology of Islam MoreAbstract The purpose of the research was to predict academic vitality based on spiritual intelligence and self-compassion in students. The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population is all students of the Faculty of Psychology of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch. The study sample includes 250 students who were selected by multi-stage cluster random method and answered three questionnaires of academic vitality, spiritual intelligence and self-compassion. Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise regression were used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that there is a significant positive relationship between academic vitality, self-compassion and spiritual intelligence. Also, the results of the regression analysis showed that 44% of self-compassion and 20% of spiritual intelligence can predict academic vitality. The results indicate that academic vitality can be predicted by using self-compassion and spiritual intelligence of students. Manuscript profile
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