A comparative adaptation of Peer in Khajeh Hafez’s divan with Hakim Fozooli’s Persian and Turkish divans

Subject Areas : شعر

Ayyoob Kooshan ¹ ( Faculty member,Department of Persian Literature, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran )
Gholamreza Zyaee ² ( Student,Department of Persian Literature, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran. )

Received: 2011-07-10 Accepted : 2012-03-15 Published : 2012-04-01

Keywords: عرفان, Mysticism, سلوک, حافظ, Hafez, کلید واژه ها: پیر, پیر مغان, فضولی, ائمه معصومین(ع), Key words: Spiritual guide, Spiritual scholar, path, Fozooli, Innocent Imams,

Abstract :

In all mystical schools, especially in Islamic mysticism, it is emphasized on having a spiritual guide. Spiritual scholars believe that it is impossible to succeed in the path of behavior without any guide. Beginners can’t continue the ups and downs of behavior without and spiritual guide. In Khajeh Shiraz’s Divan, there is no definite evidence to show Hafez’s dependence on a spiritual guide. However, there is evidence in Hafez’s thoughts showing that he believes in wishing to have a spiritual guide in seeking the reason for path. Also, he believes a devotee should have a guide as sophistic ideas do. Hakim Fozooli’s Farsi and Turkish Divans emphasize the necessity of having a spiritual guide. This is identified by the praises about the innocent Imams. In his poems, Fozooli considers the guide of life as greater than an angel. In this study, having a spiritual guide from the view point of mysticism and the viewpoints of two great poets and the comparison of similarities and differences