-
Open Access Article
1 - Using of Compiled Algorithm for Ranking of Research Subject by DEA : IAU*'s Faculties by DEA
M. B. Aryanezhad P. Hamzeh F. Hosseinzadeh LotfiThe method of data envelopment analysis (DEA) is based of programming for efficiency estimation.This method with resolving mathematical models for the set of decision making units (DMUs) viaactual inputs and outputs data estimates cost and production functions as a frag MoreThe method of data envelopment analysis (DEA) is based of programming for efficiency estimation.This method with resolving mathematical models for the set of decision making units (DMUs) viaactual inputs and outputs data estimates cost and production functions as a fragment envelope withoutassumptive determination of production function form. In DEA, DMUs separate to two efficient andinefficient groups. In the basic DEA models, inefficient DMUs merely are ranked but efficient DMUsare not. In the other hand, in this case all efficient DMUs have efficiency equal to number one. Thus,there is not possible for making priority within these DMUs. On the base of used algorithm in thisresearch a DMU has defined as dummy optimal and in the last phase of the algorithm, after resolvingthe model of dummy optimal DMU's efficiency number will be equal to one, then the valu of objectivefunction for other DMUs, that concerning dummy optimal DMU have evaluated, will be less than one.In this manner efficient DMUs will be ranked too. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Optimization of weighting-based approach to predict and deal with cold start of web recommender systems using cuckoo algorithm
reza molaee fard -
Open Access Article
3 - Using Raster Functions in GIS for Coordinating Urban Design (Case Study: Tehran University Development Plan)
Rama Ghalamboor Dezfoli Armin GhahghaeiAfter victory of Islamic Revolution in 1360 (1981), wide mutations as a result of excited values of the Revolution caused lots of changes in different fields, including architecture. Following this, Cultural Revolution designers were adapted with new requirements of the MoreAfter victory of Islamic Revolution in 1360 (1981), wide mutations as a result of excited values of the Revolution caused lots of changes in different fields, including architecture. Following this, Cultural Revolution designers were adapted with new requirements of the community and orientations that introduced Revolution’s mottos after relative establishment of structure and educational contents of the universities. This matter, in conformity with general spirit of personality seeking processes of architecture, introduced necessity of changing in architecture training programs. In the field of architecture training, self-reversion , revival of past stable values, Permanent concepts are in history, structure and content of training program from the viewpoint of Cultural Revolution designers about importance of theoretical studies in training, joining of architecture training with precinct culture, historical examination of architecture before modernism, of national and zone perspective. Existence of word identity in the introduction of Cultural Revolution staff program in 1363 (1984), demonstrated attentions towards basics of new training program of architecture. Then, seeking identity in training process is followed by emphasizing on Islamic architectural history and Iranian architectural history. This period was contemporary with predominance of global process of postmodernism on West architecture. Postmodernism thoughts, criticizing inattention of modern architecture thinkers towards history of establishment of architecture in different places, chooses increasing, antonym, complex and metaphorical in its expressions. Prevalence of West postmodernism numerosity thoughts resulted in establishment of most of Iranian contemporary architecture works. On one hand, contemporary human’s social life, expansion of relationships and breaking boundaries are mixed with globalization idea. Contemporary world’s occurrences and mutations have widespread concepts in today life. Community technology, telecommunication, internet, satellite and so are things that involve human in network of relationships in different manners. So, after technical and technological advances of modernism, media could broadcast art and architecture mutations all around the world as other matters. Postmodernism attitude could increase its symbolic dimensions and attendance ways. Iran’s temporary architecture, which has a root in past architecture, is together with global widespread mutations, as a result of today world’s achievements and ideal that belongs to all of humans. Today architectures encounter with twosome status of doubt towards past values and captivation towards new values, as well as sentiment coherency to the past and excitement to the future; and this matter force them to search about recognition of personal and collective identity. Despite entering of current thoughts in West architecture to Iran, before entering and usage, tools and information technology was growing slowly and after the movement, it grows fast. It is necessary to evaluate reasons and results of these changes. While theoretical basics resulted from consideration of personality seeking, on one hand, and entrance of attitudes in West architecture on the other hand, (but without passing prerequisite processes that was caused appearance of the aforesaid thoughts), have significant influence on architecture of Iran. The present study involved in explaining Iran’s architecture approach after the Revolution and evaluating its personality seeking objectives against a phenomenon, called globalization, emersion of information technology, media and computers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Defining the Color Weight of Residential Building Façade, Using Q-Factor Analysis
Maryam Mehdipour Seyed-abbas Yazdanfar Ahmad Ekhlasi Bahram Saleh Sedghpour -
Open Access Article
5 - Modeling the Spatial Characteristics of City Parks Based on Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) Analysis Using Coefficients of General Performance of Park (GPP) and Area of Supply and Demand (ASD) (Case Study: First Region of Tehran)
Seyed Hadi ghoddusifar Amir Mohammad Salehabadi Ali Mohammadpor -
Open Access Article
6 - Urban Growth Carriers; An Alternative Policy for Urban Growth Management in Iran
Hamid Majedi Amir Hosein Pourjohari -
Open Access Article
7 - Relationship between depression, stress and anxiety with anthropometric indices using Bio-Impedance Measure, among overweight/obese and normal subjects
Maryam Moussavi Majid Karandish Ariyo Movahedi Behnood Abbasi -
Open Access Article
8 - Determination of satiety index of low-fat yogurt in healthy normal-weight Isfahanian adults
Zeinab Gholami Seyyed Morteza Safavi Parvane Saneei Awat Feizi Peyman Adibi -
Open Access Article
9 - Effect of Dezful’s Day Care Center interventional program to fight malnutrition and improvement of anthropometric indices among preschool children
Pegah Rahbarinejad Maryam Mohamdpour Mina Minaie Farideh Nazari Zahra Abdollahi Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh -
Open Access Article
10 - Comparison of the effectiveness of an intervention program to improve the nutritional status of children aged 2-6 years in Day Care Centers of East and West of Iran
Zahra Madani Maryam Moussavi Jordi Mina Minaie Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh Zahra Abdollahi Fariba Babaei Zahra Abasalti Ariyo Movahedi -
Open Access Article
11 - The effect of daily meal support program on improvement of anthropometric indices in 2-6 years old children in Iranshahr, Iran
Arefeh KhaksarJalali Amirmehdi Husseini Mina Minaie Shahla Mirlashari Zahra Abdollahi Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh -
Open Access Article
12 - An intervention Program to Improve the Nutritional Status of Children Aged 2-6 Years in Day Care Centers of East Azerbaijan Province of Iran
Mina Minaie Fathollah Pourali Zahra Abdollahi -
Open Access Article
13 - Anthropometric index and life style behaviors of 7-12 years children of Buin-Zahra county in 2018
Hengameh Shariati Rad Lida Nejati Samira Bagheri -
Open Access Article
14 - The relationship between oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) index and elevated blood pressure in overweight or obese subjects compared to normal-weight subjects
Zahra Madani Abolghassem Djazayery Ariyo Movahedi Majid Karandish -
Open Access Article
15 - The relation between body mass index and emotional intelligence in children
Azam Movahedi Ariyo Movahedi -
Open Access Article
16 - An existence results on positive solutions for a reaction-diffusion model with logistics growth and indefinite weight
S. Salehshakeri ghasem alizadeh afrouziIn this paper, using sub-supersolution argument, we prove an existence result on positive solution for an ecological model under certain conditions. It also describes the dynamics of the fish population with natural predation and constant yield harvesting. The assumptio MoreIn this paper, using sub-supersolution argument, we prove an existence result on positive solution for an ecological model under certain conditions. It also describes the dynamics of the fish population with natural predation and constant yield harvesting. The assumptions are that the ecosystem is spatially homogeneous and the herbivore density is a constant which are valid assumptions for managed grazing systems. This term saturates to c at high levels of vegetation density as the grazing population is a constant. This model tries to capture the phenomena of bistability and hysteresis and provide qualitative and quantitative information for ecosystem managements. This model has also been applied to describe the dynamics of fish populations. This model describes grazing of a fixed number of grazers on a logistically growing species. The general logistic function is characterized by a declining growth rate per capita function (Equation) Here P is the population, r > 0 is the growth rate and is positive constant[21]. But there are some ecosystems where the growth rate per capita may achieve its peak at a positive density. This is called the Allee effect This effect can be caused by shortage of mates, lack of effective pollinations predator saturation and cooperative behaviors. In this pape, we restrict ourselves to logistic models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Ranking Decision Making Units based on their profit in competition to reach a standard level
A. Dehnokhalaji J. Sadeghi B. Hallaji N. SoltaniThe full ranking or complete ranking of decision making units is one of the main ‎issues in data envelopment analysis. A full ranking is a ranking that considers all ‎efficient and inefficient units simultaneously and finds a ranking for them. Almost all ‎of MoreThe full ranking or complete ranking of decision making units is one of the main ‎issues in data envelopment analysis. A full ranking is a ranking that considers all ‎efficient and inefficient units simultaneously and finds a ranking for them. Almost all ‎of the developed ranking methods consider only the efficient units. On the other hand, ‎ranking inefficient units by traditional data envelope analysis models are also ‎inaccurate due to ignoring the role of slacks. In the present paper two novel methodologies are proposed in order to fully ranking of decision making units. In the presented ‎approach, all of the decision making units participate in a competition in a way that all ‎are projected onto the efficient frontier considering common weights. Then, according ‎to the profit that each unit attains to reach this standard level, a rank order of all ‎decision making units are obtained.In the first method , the satisfaction of units is measured in the competition and the satisfaction of the units that have the lowest satisfaction is improved. in the second method, by setting up the cross - profit table, the optimal weights of all units are taken into account in competition. After all, the proposed methods are applied on sample problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Evaluation of Model-Based Methods in Estimating Dynamic Functional Connectivity of Brain Regions
M. Behboudi R. Farnoosh M. A. Oghabian H. PezeshkToday, neuroscientists are interested in discovering human brain functions through brain networks. In this regard, the evaluation of dynamic changes in functional connectivity of the brain regions by using functional magnetic resonance imaging data has attracted their a MoreToday, neuroscientists are interested in discovering human brain functions through brain networks. In this regard, the evaluation of dynamic changes in functional connectivity of the brain regions by using functional magnetic resonance imaging data has attracted their attention. In this paper, we focus on two model-based approaches, called the exponential weighted moving average model and the dynamic conditional correlation model, to estimate the dynamic correlation between the two brain regions. Initially, the performance of these two models is evaluated using two new simulations. According to the results, in these simulation studies, the dynamic conditional correlation model has better performance than the exponential weighted moving average model. Therefore, a dynamic conditional correlation model is used to estimate the dynamic functional connectivity of two brain regions (the anterior cingulate cortex and the posterior cingulate cortex) for three Iranian addicted to methamphetamine in a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The dynamic conditional correlation model has a good performance in assessing the dynamic functional connectivity of these addicted to methamphetamine. In addition, the dynamic functional connectivity varies between subjects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Essential norm estimates of generalized weighted composition operators into weighted type spaces
A. H. Sanatpour M. HassanlouWeighted composition operators appear in the study of dynamical systems and also in characterizing isometries of some classes of Banach spaces. One of the most important generalizations of weighted composition operators, are generalized weighted composition operators wh MoreWeighted composition operators appear in the study of dynamical systems and also in characterizing isometries of some classes of Banach spaces. One of the most important generalizations of weighted composition operators, are generalized weighted composition operators which in special cases of their inducing functions give different types of well-known operators like: weighted composition operators, composition operators, multiplication operators and composition operators followed by differentiation operators. In this paper we study generalized weighted composition operators and give estimates for the essential norm of such operators on certain Banach spaces of analytic functions into weighted type spaces. The underlying Banach spaces of analytic functions include Bloch spaces, Zygmund spaces and weighted type spaces. Our estimates for the essential norms of generalized weighted composition operators imply necessary and sufficient conditions for the compactness of such operators. As another application of our results, we obtain essential norm estimates of certain well-known operators which are special cases of generalized weighted composition operators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - An approach to find properly efficient solutions nearby ideal point in multi-objective optimization
Behnam Hozzar Ghasem Tohidi behrouz daneshianTrade-off between objective functions in multi-objective optimization is one of the tools for interpreting and studying efficient solutions. Properly efficient solutions are one of the most important theoretical and practical concepts that represent the behavior of the MoreTrade-off between objective functions in multi-objective optimization is one of the tools for interpreting and studying efficient solutions. Properly efficient solutions are one of the most important theoretical and practical concepts that represent the behavior of the objective functions during a process change. Actually, these solutions are those efficient solutions that filter the anomalies of objective functions at some points, and this will help the manager to decision making to choose more important solutions. One of the most important tools for obtaining solutions with bounded trade-off in multi-objective optimization field is the Sum weighted scalarization method, which many authors have been studying it in interactive optimization field. This paper provides a method for obtaining properly efficient solutions near the ideal point with a theoretical and interactive view and using Sum weighted scalarization method. Since being near to ideal point will be abele to a preference of decision maker; this method examines the preferences of the decision maker without sacrifice the theory. Therefore, this paper presents an approach to finding properly efficient solutions near to the ideal point. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Weak amenability of Beurling algebra free products
Elham Gheisari Akram Yousofzadeh Mohammad Sadegh Asagri‎In this paper, for a discrete group ‎$G=mathbb{Z}‎astmathbb{Z}_n‎‎‎$‎ and a weight function of polynomial‎$‎‎‎omega_‎alpha‎‎$‎,‎ we show that the Burling algebra ‎$‎ell^1(G‎‎, ‎‎&lr More‎In this paper, for a discrete group ‎$G=mathbb{Z}‎astmathbb{Z}_n‎‎‎$‎ and a weight function of polynomial‎$‎‎‎omega_‎alpha‎‎$‎,‎ we show that the Burling algebra ‎$‎ell^1(G‎‎, ‎‎‎omega_‎alpha)‎$‎ is not weakly amenable ‎and ‎dihedral group‎ ‎$D_‎infty=mathbb{Z}_2astmathbb{Z}_2‎‎‎$ ‎is‎ amenable. We also show that for a continuous weight function ‎$‎‎‎ ‎‎omega‎$ ‎under certain conditions ‎on group ‎$‎‎‎‎‎ ‎G‎$‎, if the Burling algebra $‎ell^1(G‎‎, ‎‎‎omega‎)‎$‎ is weakly amenable‎ then ‎$‎‎omega‎‎$‎ is bounded.‎In this paper, for a discrete group ‎$G=mathbb{Z}‎astmathbb{Z}_n‎‎‎$‎ and a weight function of polynomial‎$‎‎‎omega_‎alpha‎‎$‎,‎ we show that the Burling algebra ‎$‎ell^1(G‎‎, ‎‎‎omega_‎alpha)‎$‎ is not weakly amenable ‎and ‎dihedral group‎ ‎$D_‎infty=mathbb{Z}_2astmathbb{Z}_2‎‎‎$ ‎is‎ amenable. We also show that for a continuous weight function ‎$‎‎‎ ‎‎omega‎$ ‎under certain conditions ‎on group ‎$‎‎‎‎‎ ‎G‎$‎, if the Burling algebra $‎ell^1(G‎‎, ‎‎‎omega‎)‎$‎ is weakly amenable‎ then ‎$‎‎omega‎‎$‎ is bounded.‎In this paper, for a discrete group ‎$G=mathbb{Z}‎astmathbb{Z}_n‎‎‎$‎ and a weight function of polynomial‎$‎‎‎omega_‎alpha‎‎$‎,‎ we show that the Burling algebra ‎$‎ell^1(G‎‎, ‎‎‎omega_‎alpha)‎$‎ is not weakly amenable ‎and ‎dihedral group‎ ‎$D_‎infty=mathbb{Z}_2astmathbb{Z}_2‎‎‎$ ‎is‎ amenable. We also show that for a continuous weight function ‎$‎‎‎ ‎‎omega‎$ ‎under certain conditions ‎on group ‎$‎‎‎‎‎ ‎G‎$‎, if the Burling algebra $‎ell^1(G‎‎, ‎‎‎omega‎)‎$‎ is weakly amenable‎ then ‎$‎‎omega‎‎$‎ is bounded. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Bootstrap Method and Common Set of Weights in Data Envelopment Analysis to Differentiate Efficient Units
Akbar Amiri saber saati mahtadi alireza amirteimooriData Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a broad range of mathematical models for measuring the relative efficiency of a set of homogeneous decision units with similar inputs and outputs. Multiple models of data envelopment analysis render a set of weights for input and outpu MoreData Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a broad range of mathematical models for measuring the relative efficiency of a set of homogeneous decision units with similar inputs and outputs. Multiple models of data envelopment analysis render a set of weights for input and output variables of each decision unit to calculate the relative efficiency of those units based on them. The calculation of different weights for the same indices in a set of homogeneous decision units is not realistic. Therefore, the Common Set of Weights (CSW) method was used to solve this problem and the Bootstrap method was used to determine which common set of weights would minimize the number of efficient units. The rank of a unit can provide useful information to decision-makers on the optimal activities of decision units. The priority order of units defines the superiority of a unit in terms of efficiency and effectiveness over others. Calculating unit efficiency for data envelopment analysis models can be a good criterion for ranking one unit. However, the main problem arises when several efficient units all rank first. This study aimed at proposing a model for ranking efficient units using the Bootstrap method to determine the common set of weights in data envelopment analysis by finding a possible confidence interval for the weights using the Bootstrap method. This led to the estimation of a set of possible common weights for the data envelopment analysis. Efficient units were then identified and ranked based on these weights.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - A new ranking model for multi attribute group decision making problems with intuitionistic fuzzy data
zeynab eslaminasab Ali HamzeheeIn today’s world, intrinsic complexity in numerous decision making conditions, decides the need of utilizing decision making methods more than previously. On the other hand, the present modern organization have turned out to be so widespread, which one doesn&rsquo MoreIn today’s world, intrinsic complexity in numerous decision making conditions, decides the need of utilizing decision making methods more than previously. On the other hand, the present modern organization have turned out to be so widespread, which one doesn’t capable to oversee them. In this manner, this issue of multi attribute group decision making is considered as an organizational problem. In multi attribute group decision making problems, according to the different attributes in decision matrix, knowing the coefficient of importance or weight of each attribute in decision making is essential. As the weight of each attribute express its relative importance to the others and the conscious and correct selection of weights is a great help in achieving the desired goal. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a linear programming model to determine the weight of each attribute in multi attribute group decision making problems with intuitionistic fuzzy data. As good as, decision makers are prevented from making eventual mistakes in determining the weight of attributes. Finally, using the obtained weights, a new method for ranking the alternatives based on ELECTRE III method, is presented. A numerical applied example is provided to illustrate the details of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Developing DEA-TOPSIS Method for Group Decision Making (Case Study: Ranking Blue Ocean Strategy Main Pathways for IRAFA)
Fatemeh Khoshkam Mehdi AbbasiThe purpose of this research is to present a method based on DEA-TOPSIS for ranking the DMUs in group decision making. In the proposed method, after creating an expert team and determining their weights, the DMUs, inputs and outputs are determined and ranked in three st MoreThe purpose of this research is to present a method based on DEA-TOPSIS for ranking the DMUs in group decision making. In the proposed method, after creating an expert team and determining their weights, the DMUs, inputs and outputs are determined and ranked in three stages. In the first stage, by using Euclidean Distance, the matrix of each expert is normalized and consequently, the DEA models corresponding to each expert are solved. The DMUs are divided into two groups, the first group consists of DMUs where at least one experts’ opinion is inefficient and the second group consists of DMUs where the views of all experts are efficient. In the second stage, the rank of the DMUs of the first group is determined by calculating the weighted arithmetic average. In the third stage, the rank of the DMUs of the second group is determined using the TOPSIS method for each expert, consequently, the final rank of the DMUs is calculated using the Weighted Borda Scoring Method. Then the proposed approach was implemented to rank the six-paths of the Blue Ocean Strategy of the IRAFA industry and management group. The IRAFA team of experts, consisting of seven senior experts, was formed, and their weights were determined. It was also found that six paths to restructure the Blue Ocean Strategy (DMUs) are effective on IRAFA Value Innovation, and the DEA model has four outputs (utility, price, cost, and acceptance). The results of solving the DEA model of each expert showed that there are four paths in the first group and two paths in the second group. Applying the Weighted Borda Scoring Method to rank the DMUs of the second group shows that creating a functional-emotional orientation for the organization's customers is the top priority of IRAFA Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Reduction Difference Between the Profile weights in Stochastic cross-efficiency
Somayeh Rahmani Mohsen Khounsiavash Reza Kazemi Matin Zohreh MOGHADASCross-efficiency method is a useful tool for efficiency evaluation of decision-making units in data envelopment analysis. The issue of non-uniqueness of optimal weights in the cross-efficiency evaluation has reduced the usefulness of this powerful method. This paper int MoreCross-efficiency method is a useful tool for efficiency evaluation of decision-making units in data envelopment analysis. The issue of non-uniqueness of optimal weights in the cross-efficiency evaluation has reduced the usefulness of this powerful method. This paper introduces a new method for selection of weights profiles as the secondary goal in cross-efficiency with stochastic data. The issue of zero-weight which implies the exclusion of some variables from the assessments, is also addressed in the new proposed method. The provided weights selection method also reduces the weight disparity in the achieved weights profile. In the peer-restricted stochastic cross-efficiency evaluation, the new approach guarantees that different DMUs should not attach very different weights to the same variables. As the result, a common set of weights using the idea of similarity between sets of weights is achieved in the proposed computation method. Some numerical examples are also used for illustration and comparison purposes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Some properties of sums of weighted composition operators on the Fock space
Mahsa Fatehi Asma NegahdariLet H be a Hilbert space. For each f∈H, we define a multiplication operator M_φ by M_φ (f)=φf. Let φ be an entire function. For each f belongs to the Fock space F^2, the composition operator C_φ is defined by C_φ (f)=f∘φ. For entire func MoreLet H be a Hilbert space. For each f∈H, we define a multiplication operator M_φ by M_φ (f)=φf. Let φ be an entire function. For each f belongs to the Fock space F^2, the composition operator C_φ is defined by C_φ (f)=f∘φ. For entire functions ψ, φ and f∈F^2, the weighted composition operator C_(ψ,φ) on F^2 are given by C_(ψ,φ) (f)=ψ.(f∘φ). Let T be a bounded operator on H, the set W(T)={⟨Tf,f⟩:‖f‖=1} is called the numerical range of T. In this paper, we find the point spectrum of some operators C_(ψ_1,φ_1 )+C_(ψ_2,φ_2 ), when φ_1 and φ_2 have the some fixed point. Moreover, we obtain an invariant subspace for the operator (C_(ψ_1,φ_1 )+C_(ψ_2,φ_2 ) )^*. Then by these results, for compact operators C_(ψ_1,φ_1 ) and C_(ψ_2,φ_2 ), we find the spectrum of C_(ψ_1,φ_1 )+C_(ψ_2,φ_2 ). Then for φ_1 and φ_2 which have the some fixed point, we investigate the numerical range of C_(ψ_1,φ_1 )+C_(ψ_2,φ_2 ). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Mean Ergodic Weighted Composition Operator 𝝀𝑪𝝋 on Bloch Space
Fakhreddin falahat Zahra KamaliInvestigating the mean ergodicity of composition operators on various Banach Spaces has always been of interest to mathematicians and many authors studied this topics intensively, in many different spaces, such as, the space of all holomorphic functions on unit disk, Ha MoreInvestigating the mean ergodicity of composition operators on various Banach Spaces has always been of interest to mathematicians and many authors studied this topics intensively, in many different spaces, such as, the space of all holomorphic functions on unit disk, Hardy space and Bloch space. In this paper, for a self map of the unit disk, φ and λ∈ℂ, we consider weighted composition operator, (λ𝐶φ)𝑓=λ𝑓𝑜φ , for every 𝑓 in Bloch space and Little Bloch space and inquiry the conditions under which the weighted composition operator 𝜆𝐶𝜑, is mean ergodic or uniformly mean ergodic on the Bloch and Little Bloch Space. In fact, we will show, if |λ|>1,𝜆𝐶𝜑, cannot be power bounded, mean ergodic or uniformly mean ergodic, in contrast, if |λ|<1, 𝜆𝐶𝜑, is always power bounded, mean ergodic or uniformly mean ergodic. In the case, |λ|=1, we will see that it depends directly to the Denjoy-Wolff point of 𝜑. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Weighted Optimal Path in Graph with Multiple Indexes
M. Nikjoo F. Rezai BalfThis paper represents a technique for finding optimal paths with multiple indexes in a graph. Up to the present time, all optimal paths have been determined upon one index, say, distance for which an evaluation method exists. In this paper firstly we define multiple ind MoreThis paper represents a technique for finding optimal paths with multiple indexes in a graph. Up to the present time, all optimal paths have been determined upon one index, say, distance for which an evaluation method exists. In this paper firstly we define multiple indexes for each edge in such a way that anyone can treat the factor for assigning an optimal path. Here, we use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique for designing a model that can identify optimal paths with multiple indexes, and separate them from the other paths. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Ranking Efficient DMUs in Two-stage Network DEA with Common Weights method
M. Ahadzadeh namin E. KhamsehTwo stages DEA models are used in many fields of management and industry. One of the concepts that has attracted the attention of researchers in the theory of production is the concept of ranking the units with a two-stage network. A unit ranking can provide useful info MoreTwo stages DEA models are used in many fields of management and industry. One of the concepts that has attracted the attention of researchers in the theory of production is the concept of ranking the units with a two-stage network. A unit ranking can provide useful information to decision makers (DMUs) about optimal decision making activities. This concept defines the superiority of a unit in terms of efficiency and effectiveness on other units. The calculation of the efficiency of the units in the two-stage DEA network was performed, and the efficiency of the two-stage unit could be a suitable criterion for ranking one unit. But the main problem is the time when some efficient units all rank as one. So far, there is no linear model for solving this problem.The purpose of this research is to provide a model for ranking of effecient units using the common weight method in a two-stage DEA network. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Modified Goal Programming Approach for Improving the Discrimination Power and Weights Dispersion
Sahand Daneshvar Nazila Shahi Fariba NajafzadehData envelopment analysis (DEA) is a technique based on linear programming (LP) to measure the relative efficiency of homogeneous units by considering inputs and outputs. The lack of discrimination among efficient decision making units (DMUs) and unrealistic input-outpu MoreData envelopment analysis (DEA) is a technique based on linear programming (LP) to measure the relative efficiency of homogeneous units by considering inputs and outputs. The lack of discrimination among efficient decision making units (DMUs) and unrealistic input-outputs weights have been known as the drawback of DEA. In this paper the new scheme based on a goal programming data envelopment analysis (GPDEA) are developed to moderate the homogeneity and reasonability of weights distribution by using of facet analysis On GPDEA (GPDEA-CCR and GPDEA-BCC) models. These modifications are done by considering the lower bounds for each individual inputs and outputs weights in standard CCR model and an upper bound just for free variable of standard BCC model. In the both of the cases the mentioned modification preserved the inputs and outputs weights from zero value. The modified GPDEA models also improve the discrimination power of DEA. The advantages of each modified GPDEA-CCR and GPDEA-BCC models are shown by some examples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Uniquely classifying flexible measures by a CWS model
m. korzedin m. mirboloukiData Envelopment Analysis (DEA) deals with evaluating a set of decision-making units (DMUs) based on nonparametric mathematical approaches. In classical DEA models, the given set of factors of DMUs is divided into two categories, inputs and outputs, while in some practi MoreData Envelopment Analysis (DEA) deals with evaluating a set of decision-making units (DMUs) based on nonparametric mathematical approaches. In classical DEA models, the given set of factors of DMUs is divided into two categories, inputs and outputs, while in some practical problems there are some measures whose membership to these categories is unclear. It means these factors treat different input or output roll for various DMUs. This kind of factors is known as a flexible measure. The proposed models for this purpose are DMU-oriented in which each DMU evaluate its efficiency and classify flexible measures for all other DMUs regards to its benefit. This classification may not be optimal for every DMUs. In this paper, we present a model based on a common set of weights (CSW). The advantage of the proposed model is to classify flexible measures uniquely for all DMUs. At the end of paper, the proposed model is applied in an example of wind power farms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Increasing the discrimination power the decision making units based on reducing dispersion of weights in the data envelopment analysis
اعظم Pourhabib A.R Amirteimoori S. Kordrostami R. Kazemi MatinData envelopment analysis which is a nonparametric technique for evaluating relative efficiency of the decision making units with multiple inputs and outputs, has been a very popular method among researchers. While this nonparametric technique is popular, it has some dr MoreData envelopment analysis which is a nonparametric technique for evaluating relative efficiency of the decision making units with multiple inputs and outputs, has been a very popular method among researchers. While this nonparametric technique is popular, it has some drawbacks such as lack of discrimination in efficient units and weights dispersion .The present study, which is a model based on a multi-criteria data envelopment analysis has been proposed to moderate the homogeneity of weights dispersion by using goal programming. The proposed model minimized variances of input and output weights. The result shows that the dispersion of input and output weights has been balanced. Furthermore, the power of discrimination has been improved in DEA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - A special subspace of weighted spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane
M. A. ArdalaniIn this paper, we intend to define and study concepts of weight and weighted spaces of holomorphic (analytic) functions on the upper half plane. We study two special classes of these spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane. Firstly, we prove these spaces MoreIn this paper, we intend to define and study concepts of weight and weighted spaces of holomorphic (analytic) functions on the upper half plane. We study two special classes of these spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane. Firstly, we prove these spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane endowed with weighted norm supremum are Banach spaces. Then, we investigate these spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane from a new aspect which has not been considered up to now. Indeed we prove that without any necessary condition on a weight such as restricting the rate of growth from below or above (constructing the upper bound or lower bound) or limit condition (except the continuity on the upper half plane) any weighted spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane has a special subspace which can be written as countable intersection of closed sets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Weighted quadrature rules with binomial nodes
M. Masjed-Jamei M. R. BeykiIn this paper, a new class of a weighted quadrature rule is represented as -------------------------------------------- where is a weight function, are interpolation nodes, are the corresponding weight coefficients and denotes the error term. The general form of interpo MoreIn this paper, a new class of a weighted quadrature rule is represented as -------------------------------------------- where is a weight function, are interpolation nodes, are the corresponding weight coefficients and denotes the error term. The general form of interpolation nodes are considered as that and we obtain the explicit expressions of the coefficients using the q-binomial theorem. We give an error analysis for the introduced formula and finally we illustrate its application with some numerical examples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - An investigation of Capital formation and its economic determinants in Iran
اکبر کمیجانی ابوطالب شالچیانThis paper attempts to analyze the role of the main determinants of the capital formation and the behavior of private investment using the descriptive as well as econometric methods. Both the econometric methods and statistical analysis are indicating that most of the m MoreThis paper attempts to analyze the role of the main determinants of the capital formation and the behavior of private investment using the descriptive as well as econometric methods. Both the econometric methods and statistical analysis are indicating that most of the macroeconomic variables do play significant role in explaining the behavior of private investment in Iran. Variables examined for their influence on private investment over the period under study i.e. 1350-1383[1] are as follows: GDP, inflation rate, weighted average of the rate of return on long term deposits, government investment, effective exchange rate and the changes in the banking facilities to private sector. The findings in this paper indicate that Most of these variables, except the rate of return on banking facilities, have had the significant impact on private investment in the same direction as expected Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Emigration; Inequality in Incomes or Raising the Quality of Life
مریم شفیعی کاخکیIn this study through the application of econometric methods, the aim is to investigate the motives of emigration in two cases: economic and non-economic motives. Accordingly, first two non-economic indicators are presented for the quality of life with focus on the lite MoreIn this study through the application of econometric methods, the aim is to investigate the motives of emigration in two cases: economic and non-economic motives. Accordingly, first two non-economic indicators are presented for the quality of life with focus on the literature of the subject for all provinces are introduced in the country in the year 1385 and then using the analytical approach to describe the main factors and calculating the disturbance factors, an econometric model is estimated and finally the ranking of provinces on the basis of two indexes of the quality of life is offered. Then using the gravitational model approach, we have investigated who the variables of income ratio of the destination province over the original province, the income inequality ratio in the destination province over the original province, the destination between the two province, the neighborhood of them, the population of the original province and the destination province, the ratio of non-economic quality of life index in the original province over the destination province and the ratio of geographic non-economic quality of life index in the original province over the destination province have affected emigration. This study has been done by using cross-section approach and econometric software-Eviews. The econometric model has been estimated for 870 observations through the weighted least squares method and its results show that income motives have a significant positive effect and non-economic indexes as non-economic motives have a negative effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The Effect of Electricity Price Increase on Net Welfare of Different Income Groups: The Case of Iran
وحید فرمان آرا سید عبداله موسویThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of increasing electricity price on compensated variation (CV) and deadweight loss (DWL) of different income groups in Iran for 1981 – 2008 period. To do so, an Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was MoreThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of increasing electricity price on compensated variation (CV) and deadweight loss (DWL) of different income groups in Iran for 1981 – 2008 period. To do so, an Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was used and five electricity demand functions were estimated in different income groups. Then on the basis of this estimation CV and DWL were calculated. The results of this research are as follows: By increasing electricity price and use direct subsidy, the welfare of low and middle income groups will increase.By increasing electricity price and use direct subsidy, the welfare of high income groups will decrease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Performance Evaluation of Hospital by Using Dynamic Multiple Attribute Decision Making (DMADM): A Case Study in Imam Khomeini Hospital Affiliated to Social Security Organization in Arak 6
Abbas Jahangiri Mohammad JahangiriIntroduction: Performance evaluation is a numerical scale that Provides management information about evaluating and monitoring the current situations and activities of hospital. One of the performance evaluation tools is Dynamic Multiple Attribute Decision Making (DMADM MoreIntroduction: Performance evaluation is a numerical scale that Provides management information about evaluating and monitoring the current situations and activities of hospital. One of the performance evaluation tools is Dynamic Multiple Attribute Decision Making (DMADM) method. The purpose of this paper was performance evaluation of hospital via DMADM. Methods: In this cross-sectional case study the performance of Imam Khomeini hospital in Arak during 30 consecutive months that each month in decision matrix considered as an alternative, by considering 6 important attributes dynamically by using weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) via Excel 2010 software was evaluated. Results: Hospital Performance Scores had fluctuations during the time but generally showed an upward trend during the thirty months. The maximum and minimum value was relevant of 27 and 12, respectively (0.9577, 0.5503). Furthermore showed a significant decrease in March of each year. Conclusion: The trend of hospital Performance Scores showed that the performance of mentioned hospital has improved during the time. Using the DMADM method in order to performance evaluation is a suggestion to managements and future researchers Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Determining the Effective Organizational Characteristics on the Inventory Valuation Methods: Multinomial Logistic Regression Approach in an Emerging Economy
Arash Arianpoor Zaid Salman -
Open Access Article
40 - A weighted Additive Fuzzy Programming Approach for Logistics Outsourcing Selection in Car Industry
A. Sharafi Masouleh -
Open Access Article
41 - The Examination of Economic Value Added Profitability on Evalution of Firms Market Risk in Iran
Farzaneh Heidarpoor Mehdi NayebIn this article, has been tried to study the relation between two important objects in accounting and economic, “Economic Value Added and Market Risk”. Present paper is provided to confirm or declaring this theory that whether there is any relation between E MoreIn this article, has been tried to study the relation between two important objects in accounting and economic, “Economic Value Added and Market Risk”. Present paper is provided to confirm or declaring this theory that whether there is any relation between EVA and β among firms in Tehran Stock Exchange or not. To examine this hypothesis, 65 firms have been selected from the companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during 1380-1384 by using a statistic method, named Cochran. After calculating research's variables (by using financial statements information and investing management software) and by using Pierson correlation analysis method it became clear that there is moderate reverse relation between EVA & β in 1380 and 1382, very weak and reverse in 1381 and very weak and direct in 1383-1384. In other words this research shows that there’s no strong relation between EVA & β in the examined period Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Analysis of spatial heterogeneity and driving factors of land surface temperature using spatial regression models
Zahra Parvar Marjan Mohammadzadeh Sepideh SaeidiLand surface temperature is a significant factor affecting thermal variation and balance in global studies. In the last two decades, the great necessity for LST data in environmental studies and land resource management activities has made the measurement of LST as a ma MoreLand surface temperature is a significant factor affecting thermal variation and balance in global studies. In the last two decades, the great necessity for LST data in environmental studies and land resource management activities has made the measurement of LST as a major scientific debate. Discovering the spatial heterogeneity of land surface temperature and analyzing the key factors and specific effective spatial relationships that are affected by time series have great importance in land management. The aim of this study is to analysis of land surface temperature driving factors and spatial heterogeneity using spatial regression models. To review this issue, daily LST maps were prepared by the radiative transfer equation method using Landsat 7 and 8 data for 2002, 2013, and 2021 years in Bojnord city. The analysis of land surface temperature in areas where barren lands prevail requires nighttime temperature data. Therefore, MODIS night LSTs were also prepared as auxiliary maps. Pearson correlation, spatial autocorrelation, ordinary least square, and geographically weighted regression models were used for data analysis. Then, the performance of the models was compared using the coefficient of determination and the Akaike information criterion. The results showed that the GWR approach had a better prediction accuracy and a better ability to describe spatial non-stationarity than the OLS approach. The spatial response of LST and different influencing variables from 2002 to 2021 showed that the development of green space plays an important role in modulating land surface temperatures. Since LST is influenced by various variables, including topography, climatic and atmospheric variables, and vegetation, therefore, understanding spatial relationships and analyzing the areas with high LST can be useful as a way forward in the planning strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - A comparison of different heuristic, mathematical, and intelligent methods in urban landscape aesthetic evaluation (Case study: Gorgan city)
Sepideh Saeidi seyed hamed mirkarimi marjan mohamadzadeh abdoulrasoul salman mahiniIn today's era, human interventions have caused chaos in landscape patterns and degradation in landscape quality. Therefore, identifying landscape aesthetic beauty, and also fundamental planning and valuable areas, and proper planning and design in order to protect and MoreIn today's era, human interventions have caused chaos in landscape patterns and degradation in landscape quality. Therefore, identifying landscape aesthetic beauty, and also fundamental planning and valuable areas, and proper planning and design in order to protect and promote the aesthetic value seem to be necessary and unavoidable. In this research, the aim is to investigate the performance of various experimental methods (multi-criteria evaluation using weighted linear combination), mathematical (logistic regression), and intelligent (neural network)) in estimating the suitability of the aesthetic value of Gorgan city. After theoretical studies and determination of effective criteria, mapping and standardization of the criteria were done and finally, the map of aesthetic-value suitability was prepared based on the methods of weighted linear combination, neural network, and logistic regression. In order to evaluate the performance of different methods and choose the optimal method, ground control points and ROC validation methods were used. The results showed that in the map resulting from the weighted linear combination method, a large part of the data was lost as a result of the linear combination of layers and weighting, and the neural network method with intelligent performance and the ability to combine and analyze non-linearly compared to the weighted linear combination method and also performing back and forth analysis compared to the logistic regression method, better separates the value of the studied area. According to the results of this research, it can be concluded that when there is little knowledge about the studied area and it is not possible to conduct field surveys to record valuable points of view, performing the weighted linear combination method can be a solution, but if it is possible to conduct field surveys to prepare a map of real educational samples as a dependent variable, more accurate results can be obtained with the help of the neural network method and logistic regression, more accurate results can be achieved, and in the meantime, the intelligent neural network method has a higher ability to distinguish the values of the environment image. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Corrosion Inhibition of 5-Methyl-2H-imidazol-4-carboxaldehyde and 1H-Indole-3-carboxyaldehyde on Mild Steel in 1.0 M HCl: Gravimetric Method and DFT Study.
Banjo Semire O.F Adekunle S.B Akanji V Adewumi -
Open Access Article
45 - A Study of the Impact of Indicatory and Dimensional Weighting of Religiosity on Measuring Religiosity Rate
Heydar Janalizadeh Choobbasti Jaber Mirzapouri -
Open Access Article
46 - The Evaluation of Effective Social Factors on Women’s Tendency toward Body Management in Iran in Three Recent Decades (Case of Study: Overweight and Adiposity in Karaj)
Seyed Mohammad Mirzaei Habibollah Zanjani Sahar Ghorbanalipour -
Open Access Article
47 - Locating Urban Vulnerable Areas Using Crisis Management Approach Using GIS and Weighted Overlapping Model (Case Study: region 17 of Tehran)
Nemat Hosseinzadeh Elham Amini Mohammadyar Kermani Sadegh Shakori Esmat KhanmohammadiRegion 17 of Tehran Municipality is the second district in terms of population density and 80% of worn and unstable tissue in terms of physical tissue type. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is proper crisis management in Region 17 of Tehran Municipality, usin MoreRegion 17 of Tehran Municipality is the second district in terms of population density and 80% of worn and unstable tissue in terms of physical tissue type. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is proper crisis management in Region 17 of Tehran Municipality, using a descriptive-analytical method and using a weighted overlap model in the GIS environment. To achieve this goal, the vulnerable areas in this area were first zoned and then from several layers including population density, quality of buildings, proximity to roads, proximity to open spaces, medical centers, fire stations and... was used in the study area. The results of the research show that the opportunities of the range are more than the threats and the weaknesses of the range are more than the strengths and the acceptable strategy for the optimal management of the earthquake crisis is in the range of the review strategy and then the defensive strategy. And in order to organize these contexts, all aspects of it, such as the social and cultural context formed in these contexts, must take into account the participation of the people in all stages, including planning and implementation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Zoning of landslide Potential In Sorkhab Basin(lorestan Province) with Employment of Weight Model
منیژه Ghahroodi Tali زهرا RahimzadehSorkhab basin that is one of the sub basin of Sezar river is located in middle of Zagrossmountain in lorestan province. The most important characteristic of this region ismountainous quality with compress mountain and deep valises. The slope of this regionare suitable f MoreSorkhab basin that is one of the sub basin of Sezar river is located in middle of Zagrossmountain in lorestan province. The most important characteristic of this region ismountainous quality with compress mountain and deep valises. The slope of this regionare suitable for mass wasting because of its inherent characteristics and exiting of naturalhumanfactors. The aims of this research is the zoning of land slide potential risk inSorkhab basin and recognition of some effective factors for this phenomenon. To obtainfor this purpose the role of many factors such as: lithology, digital elevation model, slope, aspect, distance of fult,landuse, annual rainfall,freezing days, temperature oscillation andisoseismic on the Sorkhab basin have been analysis and the result of that has given asweight model. According to the finally results, high risk almost 35% and with totalmiddle risk , mass wasting threat mire than half if this area Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Survey of Measuring the Importance of Agricultural Development Criteria: An Experimental Study in Southern Kerman
Mina Faryabi Mostafa Ahmadvand Ayatollah KaramiDetermining the importance of agricultural development criteria is crucial for accurate measurement of level of agricultural development in any area. Therefore, this descriptive-analytical study aims at determining the importance of the agricultural development criteria MoreDetermining the importance of agricultural development criteria is crucial for accurate measurement of level of agricultural development in any area. Therefore, this descriptive-analytical study aims at determining the importance of the agricultural development criteria. For this purpose, weighing accounting process was implemented. The weighting of criteria was developed by obtaining a ratio scale based upon a paired comparison of each criterion. Thus, the study used archival documents, a questionnaire survey, and interviews. The statistical population was all managers and experts (N=150) in southern Kerman Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization. Therefore, 19 managers and specialists of the organization were involved in the study using snowball sampling technique. Data processing was done using SPSS19. Research findings indicated that agricultural development criteria could be categorized into eight criteria: development of infrastructure, institutional, human development, mechanization, livestock and animal products, animal health, horticulture and agronomy. Among them, three development criteria include: animal health development, human resources and infrastructure were the most important measures of agricultural development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Ranking of units by anti-ideal DMU with common weights
Masoumeh Khanmohammadi Maryam Davaei Far -
Open Access Article
51 - Finding Common Weights in Two-Stage Network DEA
Mohammad Reza Mozaffari mehrnoosh khazraei -
Open Access Article
52 - An extended of multiple criteria data envelopment analysis models for ratio data
Javad Gerami -
Open Access Article
53 - Malmquist Productivity Index Based on Means of Weights for Ranking of Decision Making Units in Data Envelopment Analysis
Sorena Jafarigorzin Iraj Asadi Talooki -
Open Access Article
54 - Finding common weights in DEA using a compromise solution approach
Masomeh Abbasi Abbas Ghomashi Saeed Shahghobadi -
Open Access Article
55 - A Ranking DEA model based on cross-weights evaluation
Masomeh Abbasi Abbas Ghomashi -
Open Access Article
56 - Fair distribution of weights for ranking decision making units using cross-efficiency method in DEA
Sarvar Kassaei Alireza Amirteimoori Bijan Rahmani Parchikolaei -
Open Access Article
57 - Minimizing the Weights dispersion in Cross-Efficiency Measurement in data envelopment analysis
A. Amirteimoori S. Kordrostami -
Open Access Article
58 - Measuring congestion in data envelopment analysis with common weights
A.A. Noura E. Hoseini -
Open Access Article
59 - A two phases approach for discriminating efficient candidate by using DEA inspired procedure
M. Zangane -
Open Access Article
60 - Common weights for the evaluation of decision-making units with nonlinear virtual inputs and outputs
S. Borzoei M. Zohrehbandian -
Open Access Article
61 - Scale Efficiency in DEA and DEA-R with Weight Restriction
M. Nazari M.R. Mozaffari J. Gerami -
Open Access Article
62 - The Most Revenue Efficiency with Price Uncertainty
Samira Salehpour Nazila Aghayi -
Open Access Article
63 - Cross Efficiency Evaluation with Negative Data in Selecting the Best of Portfolio Using OWA Operator Weights
Sh. Banihashemi M. Sanei -
Open Access Article
64 - Presentation of a Novel Integrated DEA-BSC Model with Network Structure in Multi Objective Programmig
Kianoosh Kianfar Mahnaz Ahadzadeh Namin Akbar Alam Tabriz Esmaeil Najafi Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi -
Open Access Article
65 - Short-Term Effects of Mushroom Substrate Compost on Penetration Resistance, Aggregate Size Distribution and Their Stability in Soils with Different Textures
Chiman Mahdizadeh Hossein BayatBackground and objectives: Adding organic matter to the soil is an important method to solve the problem of compaction and consequently penetration resistance and fertility reduction. Mushroom substrate compost (MSC) has many properties that are required for growing org MoreBackground and objectives: Adding organic matter to the soil is an important method to solve the problem of compaction and consequently penetration resistance and fertility reduction. Mushroom substrate compost (MSC) has many properties that are required for growing organic crops and environmental management. Considering that the ingredients of mushroom substrate compost (including heavy soil, light soil, root soil, wheat straw and stubble, limestone and chicken manure) are different from other types of organic materials, it is necessary to carry out new research to investigate its effect on the physico-chemical properties of the soil. Although different textures behave differently but, the effect of MSC on the penetration resistance and aggregates size distribution in different soils, has not been studied, so far. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of MSC on the penetration resistance, mean weight diameter of aggregates, aggregates size distribution and organic matter content in three soil types. Materials and methods: A factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. Factors consist Soil texture at three levels (sandy loam, loam and clay) was the first factor, and MSC at three levels (0, 3 and 6% W/W) was the second factor. After treatment of the soils, samples were then incubated for 120 days, and they were saturated and dried with urban water, regularly, once a month (saturated from above), during this period. At the end of the incubation period, disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were taken by 5 cm in diameter and 4.5 cm in height steal cylinders. The penetration resistance was measured by a micro-penetrometer on the core samples at the matric suction of 0.3 bar. Organic matter, mean weight diameter of aggregates and aggregates size distribution were measured. Results: The results showed that the use of 6% level mushroom substrate compost in the sandy loam soil caused a decrease in the penetration resistance compared to the level of 3% and the control, due to the interaction between the compounds in the compost and the creation of stable soil aggregates. Also, the results showed that highest amount of organic matter and mean weight diameter of aggregates at 6% level of MSC was found in loam texture. Also, the order of the mass of aggregates in classes 4-8 and 2-4 mm, was in loam> sandy loam> clay, with significant differences between the textures. Application of MSC at 3 and 6% levels in the loam texture significantly increased the mass of aggregates of 0.25 – 0.5 and 0.5-1 mm in comparison with control. These aggregates did not show significant differences in sandy loam and clay soils at different application levels of the MSC. Organic matter, mean weight diameter of aggregates, mass of aggregates of 0.5 to 1, and 0.25 to 0.5 mm increased in the range of 27 to 66%, 16 to 34.5%, 4 to 117.5% and 4 to 170%, respectively, by increasing MSC application levels at different soils. Conclusion: This compost is different from other modifiers and can have different effective mechanisms in different textures. The simultaneous addition of lime, clay and organic matter (through compost) to soils with different textures causes cation exchange reactions in the soil. Lime as one of the main additives that has the ability to improve the behavior of fine-grained soils has been noticed for a long time. In this way, in clay and loam soils, the interaction between lime and clay with organic matter plays an important role as soil accumulation factors by forming cationic bridges. The use of lime and gypsum directly improve soil resistance. Therefore, the use of mushroom substrate compost in agricultural lands is useful for improving the soil structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Three years effect of iron and magnesium nano-particles on the stability of aggregates and some soil chemical properties
Elahe Daraei Hossein Bayat Pouya ZamaniLittle is known about the long term effects of nanoparticles on soil properties. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the three years effects of nanoparticles on aggregate stability and some of the soil chemical properties. Different amounts (1, 3 a MoreLittle is known about the long term effects of nanoparticles on soil properties. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the three years effects of nanoparticles on aggregate stability and some of the soil chemical properties. Different amounts (1, 3 and 5 percentage by weight) of two types of nanoparticle of metal oxides, MgO and Fe3O4 were mixed with a loamy soil in three replications and their possible effects on different properties of the soil after three years were investigated. The results showed that application of nanoparticles, increased the pH of the soil from 7.7 in the control to 8.1- 9.3 and the electrical conductivity from 0.31 in the control to 0.34 -0.56 dSm-1, due to the increase in the alkali cations. The percentage of calcium carbonate increased from 19.75% in the control to 20.5-22.7% due to the accumulation of nanoparticles in the soil, with the highest increase in three variables with 5% magnesium nano oxide. 3% nano iron oxide significantly increased the cation exchange capacity from 23.50 in the control to 24.28 cmolc/kgsoil. Also the nanoparticles increased the mean weight diameter, due to their high specific surface area, with the greater effect of magnesium nano oxide (increased from 33 to 1242 percentage compared to the control) than iron nano oxide (increased from 97 to 173 percentage compared to the control). In general, the results of this study showed that, nanoparticles with specific physico-chemical properties can affect some properties of soil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - The effect of type, particle size and amount of biochar on some physical and mechanical properties of calcareous soil
Hassan Osooli Ahmad Karimi Hossein shirani Sayyed Hassan TabatabaeiRecently, biochar has been considered as a soil conditioner. In research, the effect of the type and amount of biochar on soil properties has been emphasized. This field study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of type, amount and size of biochar particles MoreRecently, biochar has been considered as a soil conditioner. In research, the effect of the type and amount of biochar on soil properties has been emphasized. This field study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of type, amount and size of biochar particles on the total porosity (TP), penetration resistance (PR), mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD) in a sandy loam texture. Factorial experiment was performed as a randomized complete block design with three factors of type, amount and biochar particle size in three replications. Wheat straw, vermicompost and apricot firewood biochard were added to the soil in 0.5, 1.5 and 3% and particle sizes of 0.5, 0.5-1 and 1-2 mm. All three biochar increased TP significantly and decreased PR significantly compared to control. Biochar type had the largest contribution in TP and PR changes. The highest TP was obtained in the wheat straw biochar treatment with 3% and particle size of 1-2 mm. The greatest decrease in PR was observed in wheat straw biochar with a value of 3% and a particle size of 0.5-1 mm. Interaction of type, amount and size of biochar particles had the largest contribution to MWD change. The largest MWD (1.22 mm) was observed in wheat straw biochar with biochar amount of 0.5% and particle size of 0.5 mm. The results showed that the amount and size of biochar particles had different effects on soil properties depending on the type of biochar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - The Effect of Changing Land Use of Almond Orchards in Saman Plain of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province to Agricultural Lands on Some Physical and Chemical Indicators of Soil Quality
Kkamran ParvanakBackground and Aim: In recent years, some farmers in the plains of Saman in the province of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari have changed the use of almond orchards in this area to agricultural land and pastures in order to provide food and fodder. Since these activities are m MoreBackground and Aim: In recent years, some farmers in the plains of Saman in the province of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari have changed the use of almond orchards in this area to agricultural land and pastures in order to provide food and fodder. Since these activities are mostly carried out without sufficient knowledge of the soil environment, there can be a serious threat to reduce soil quality. Therefore, studies on the effect of different managements on different soil characteristics and in the direction of a sustainable soil resource are very important. In this research, the effect of land use change in these areas on some physical and chemical indicators of soil quality was investigated.Methods:In order to investigate the effect of land use change on some physical and chemical indicators of the soil quality of three land use systems comprising a permanent almond orchard, permanent pasture and almond orchard converted to land were selected in the plain of Saman. 15 samples of soil (45 samples in total) were taken from 0 to 30 cm in the form of networks (30 x 30 meters) in each of the three land use systems considered. Some physical and chemical parameters of studied soil samples measured by standard methods.After collecting and saving data in Excel, a one-side analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on using the SPSS18 software and the comparison of the means was also carried out on the basis of the LSD test at a probability level of 1%.Results:The results of analysis of variance data showed that changing land use (changing of almond orchards to agricultural land) had significant effect on the indeces examined physical and chemical of at 0.01 level. The Land use change did not change the surface soil texture of the study areas. The soil texture of all three-study system was almost the same (clay loam inclined to sandy clay loam). According to the findings of the mean comparison, when almond orchards were converted to agricultural land, there was a significant reduction in total porosity, mean weighted diameter of soil aggregates (MWD), base infiltration rate, and soil organic carbon by 12%, 56%, 50%, and 54%, respectively. Conversely, there was a notable increase of 10%, 5%, 44%, and 18% in bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity, and soil lime percentage at a significance level of 0.01 (pr<0.01).In this study, substituting improved pasture plants with land grazed pasture significantly augmented the average of soil organic carbon, total porosity, solidity of soil aggregates (MWD) and base infiltration rate by 48%, 14%, 69%, and 40%, respectively, as compared to agricultural land at a significance level of 0.01 (pr<0.01). However, no significant difference was observed at a significance level of 0.01 (pr>0.01) between almond orchard and pasture land concerning the evaluated indicators.Conclusion:Overall, the parameters analyzed indicate that organic carbon, mean weighted diameter of soil aggregates (MWD), and bulk density are reliable indicators of soil quality in the study area. The average values of these indicators provide an optimal alternative for management and tillage practices in various land uses. Moreover, due to the delicate and vulnerable ecosystems of Saman Plain, it is recommended to avoid converting garden lands (such as almond orchards) into agricultural lands within the study area. This approach will help prevent soil erosion in one of the most sensitive areas of the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - The Effects of Vacuum Cooling on Some Physico-chemical and Microbiological Properties of Shortened Cake
M. Malmir B. Ghiassi Tarzi G. H. Assadi H. Mirsaeed Ghazi B. DelkhoshIntroduction: In the bakery industry, it is required to cool the product as soon as possible after the product is taken out of the oven and prior to packaging in order to avoid vapour condensation inside the wrapping. The object of this study is the design of vacuum coo MoreIntroduction: In the bakery industry, it is required to cool the product as soon as possible after the product is taken out of the oven and prior to packaging in order to avoid vapour condensation inside the wrapping. The object of this study is the design of vacuum cooling system and to compare the effects of different cooling methods on some physico-chemical and microbiological properties of shortened cake. Materials and Methods: After baking the products were allowed to cool down by different methods namely still air cooling (24 ℃), forced air cooling (air velocity was 1.5 m/s) and vacuum cooling (40 mbar). The cooling process ended when the center temperature of the samples reached the temperature of 30 °C. Cooling time, mass loss, hardness, moisture content, water activity and sensory quality were investigated after cooling. Results: The results showed that the weight loss of 4.58% was obtained concerned with shortest cooling time of 94 seconds for vacuum cooling in comparison to air cooling and forced air cooling cakes (p<0.01). Crumb of vacuum cooling cakes was harder with lower moisture content, water activity and microbial spoilage (p<0.01). The results did not show significant differences in water activity and hardness of crumb between air cooling and forced air cooling cakes. Sensory evaluation indicated lower moisture content for vaccum cooling cakes as compared to other cooling methods, but there were not significant differences (p>0.05) between overall acceptability of the cake samples. Conclusion: Vacuum cooling has provided and demonstrated benefits, regarding the shortening of cooling time and minimization of microbial growth. It is expected that its application will become more competitive and widespread in the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Application of Pomegranate Peel Extract (PPE) with Sodium Alginate (Alg-Na) Coating on Fruit Decay Control and Quality Postharvest of Sweet Lemon Fruit cv Mahali
L. Taherpour M. Hosseinifarahi M. RadiIntroduction: Replacement of synthetic pesticides and antifungal compounds with naturalones for reducing the decay of agricultural products is a challenge in the industry.Materials and Methods: In order to investigate the effects of sodium alginate (Alg-Na) andpomegrana MoreIntroduction: Replacement of synthetic pesticides and antifungal compounds with naturalones for reducing the decay of agricultural products is a challenge in the industry.Materials and Methods: In order to investigate the effects of sodium alginate (Alg-Na) andpomegranate peel extract (PPE) on reduction of decay and improving the postharvest qualityof sweet lemon fruit, an experiment based on Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with sixtreatments and three replications was conducted. Treatments included Control (C), SodiumAlginate (Alg-Na 1%), PPE, PPE/Water ratio of 1:1, PPE/Water ratio of 1:2, PPE/Water ratioof 2:1 combined with Alg-Na 1%. Treated fruits were kept for 35 days at 20 oC and the fruitcharacteristics were evaluated at seven day intervals. Traits such as weight loss%, fruitfirmness (N), total acidity (TA %), pH, TSS%, vitamin C, fruit skin color (a*, b* and L*) andorganoleptic properties were measured.Results: The results showed that postharvest application of PPE and Alg-Na 1% hadsignificant effect on maintenance of sweet lemon in storage as compared to untreated fruits.The lowest fruit decay and microbial concentration was obtained in fruit treated with PPE andAlg-Na 1% as compared to other treatments. The lowest weight loss% was obtained in fruittreated with PPE and Alg-Na 1% and the highest was observed in untreated fruits. Fruittreated with PPE and Alg-Na 1% showed the highest fruit firmness at the end of storageperiod as compared to the control. The highest vitamin C at the end of storage was observedin fruit treated with PPE and Alg-Na 1%. The sensory test showed that consumer'sacceptability was increased by increasing the PPE concentration plus at Alg-Na 1%.Conclusion: Our study suggests that the use of PPE combined alginate coating has thepotential to maintain sweet lemon quality and extend its postharvest life to 35 days. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Industrial Zoning with AHP & Weighted Overlay in Hamedan Province (Case Study: Petroleum Industry)
Behnam Sadeghi maryam kiyani مهرداد چراغیBackground and Objectives: Petrochemical Industry development and attention to environmental issues as well as the sustainable use of all means possible to locate the optimal area of land is one of the important issues in recent years, has been the focus of environmenta MoreBackground and Objectives: Petrochemical Industry development and attention to environmental issues as well as the sustainable use of all means possible to locate the optimal area of land is one of the important issues in recent years, has been the focus of environmental management. The present study aims to assess the area and zoning with the appropriate username and petrochemical industries, in order to plan and create a regional balance, according to the capabilities and environmental conditions suitable to locate the user's industry. Method of study: In this study, the ecological and Non-ecological parameters necessary for analysis, to weighting these factors using a hierarchical analysis process was action. Then The nineteenth-layer information (land use, slope, hydrology, aspect, elevation, climate, soil aggregation, soil depth, soil erosion, distance from the airport, away from the cities, away from the villages, away from roads and highways ,away from the dams and lagoons, away from protected areas, distance to industry, distance from fault, distance from the power lines, the distance from the gas and oil pipelines), in the GIS, the methodology, the weighted overlay was analyzed. Results: The results of this study, it suggests that the north and west Province (Kabudarahang, Famenin, Razan and Asadabad), In terms of ecological properties, the ratio has been better and should be the first priority planning. Discussion and conclusion: Therefore, if industrial development, budget and facilities are available at the optimum, can be used to plan for the future development of the industry in these cities act. The results of this research will help policy-makers and decision-makers so that they can be based on a more detailed plan. The results show that two AHP and Weighted overlay in the GIS in zoning of industry is capable performance that corresponded with research in other areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Ecological land capability evaluation for agriculture and range management using WLC method (Case study: Ghoorichay catchment, Ardabil province)
Marzieh Alikhah-Asl Dariush NaseriBackground and Objective: Comments regarding futurism and portraying the future development lead trends in the field of planning and rational exploitation of resources. Ghoorichay is one of the catchments in the north of Ardabil province that has critical role in local MoreBackground and Objective: Comments regarding futurism and portraying the future development lead trends in the field of planning and rational exploitation of resources. Ghoorichay is one of the catchments in the north of Ardabil province that has critical role in local people’s livelihood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ecological land capability and determine the suitability rate for agriculture and range activities in Ghoorichay catchment. Method: First, by reviewing of the sources, the agriculture capability evaluation criteria were defined. In the next step, all of the criteria were imported to the Geographic Information System (GIS) with the same format and were standardized. Then, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and binary comparison matrix were used to weight to the criteria and sub criteria and finally, all of the criteria were combined using Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method. Findings: Based on the results 9811/42 hectares (82/85%) for agricultural activity and 2-27/31 hectares (17/15%) for rangeland activity have potential. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, there is not a balanced relationship between current land uses and the land ecological capability for agriculture and range management in the study area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Suitability Evaluation for Agriculture with Regard to Ecological, Economic Power and Social Demand in Semnan Watershed
mojtaba ghandali kamran shayesteh Mohammad Sadi MesgariBackground and Purpose: Optimal and principled use of natural resources and land use management based on ecological potential, has an important role in environmental management and prevention of environmental degradation in the direction of sustainable development. Howe MoreBackground and Purpose: Optimal and principled use of natural resources and land use management based on ecological potential, has an important role in environmental management and prevention of environmental degradation in the direction of sustainable development. However, ignoring the social need, despite considering the economic and especially the ecological potential in land use planning, leads to inconsistency with the terrestrial reality, which is one of the basic principles of any land use planning. Materials and Methods: In this study, using weighted linear combination method and hierarchical analysis and standardization of criteria using fuzzy sets, in addition to preparing an ecological and economic potential map for agricultural use, the social needs to change land from barren lands to agriculture were also mapped. By combining all of them, a map of the desirability of changing barren lands to agriculture in the Semnan watershed was obtained, which can also be used in modeling land use changes. Results: In this study, unemployment rate and population growth rate in the next ten years as the most important social factors of agricultural land use change, access to roads and electricity as the most important economic factors, and soil and water as the most important ecological resources of agricultural land use were determined. Discussion and conclusions: Considering the social needs and economic potential along with ecological capability, is more in line with the ground reality and can be used in the optimal allocation of agricultural land. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Ardabil Alluvial Plain Aquifer Vulnerability Zoning Using a Combination of GIS and DRASTIC Method
Hojatollah Mardan Bahman YargholiBackground and Objective: Groundwater resources are the second largest fresh water resources in the world and almost one third of the world population depend on these resources. These resources that are accessible through wells, canals and springs are utilized for diffe MoreBackground and Objective: Groundwater resources are the second largest fresh water resources in the world and almost one third of the world population depend on these resources. These resources that are accessible through wells, canals and springs are utilized for different uses and in return they receive ample amount of domestic, industrial and agricultural waste waters. Assessment of aquifer vulnerability is very useful in land uses management and development, groundwater quality monitoring and prevention of water resources pollution. Method: In current study, DRASTIC model in conjunction with GIS is used for zoning Ardabil plain vulnerability and aquifer quality data processing and analysis is performed accordingly by these tools. It also uses the measurement results of nitrate in groundwater, DRASTIC model is calibrated to the Ardabil plain. Findings: The results of the drastic model show that the vulnerability of the Ardabil plain aquifer is more in the moderate vulnerability group. According to the findings of this study, moderate vulnerability is 39.3%, low vulnerability is 32.4% and high vulnerability is 21.1%, very low vulnerability is 6% and very high vulnerability is 1.1%, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The level of contaminations of Ardabil aquifer was observed to be high and the result of this research revealed that its potential to be polluted is high. Therefore, given the importance of the groundwater resources in the region, it is necessary to establish a management plan to optimize the usage of this valuable resource. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Ecological Land Capability Evaluation for Agriculture and Range Management Using WLC Method (Case study: Onarchay watershed, Ardabil province)
Mahsa Safaripour Dariush NaseriBackground and Objective: Agriculture as an important part of the economy has a great role to achieve sustainable development using scientific methods and knowing environmental potentials. In this regard, there is a close relationship between agriculture development and MoreBackground and Objective: Agriculture as an important part of the economy has a great role to achieve sustainable development using scientific methods and knowing environmental potentials. In this regard, there is a close relationship between agriculture development and environmental resources. Onarchay is one of the watersheds in the center of Ardabil province that has a critical role in local people’s livelihood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ecological land capability and determine the suitability rate for agriculture and range activities in Onarchay watershed in 2016. Method: First, by reviewing of the sources, 13 criteria for agriculture-rangeland capability evaluation were defined. In the next step, all of the criteria were imported to the Geographic Information System (GIS) with the same format and were standardized. Then, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and binary comparison matrix were used to weight to the criteria and sub- criteria and finally, all of the criteria were combined using Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method. Findings: Based on the results 11659 hectares (84/19%) for agricultural activity have very good to weak potential and 2189 hectares (15/81%) for rangeland activity have good, moderate and weak potential. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that there is no balance between current land use and land potential in Onarchay watershed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Groundwater Quality Assessment Using Entropy Weighted Osculating Value and Set Pair Analysis Methods (Case study, SARAYAN plain)
Mahmoud Mohammad Rezapour Tabari Mehdi Kabiri SamaniBackground and Objective: The pressure on groundwater resources greatly increased with increase of human activities. Since the aquifers are majority drinking water supply, the correct evaluations of these resources are necessary. Due to the uncertainty of water quality MoreBackground and Objective: The pressure on groundwater resources greatly increased with increase of human activities. Since the aquifers are majority drinking water supply, the correct evaluations of these resources are necessary. Due to the uncertainty of water quality standard ranges, a method that leads to reliable results can be valuable. So in this study, two approaches as EWOV and SPA was proposed in order to groundwater quality assessment using fuzzy concepts and entropy theory. Method: For qualitative evaluation of groundwater resources, two proposed approach are considered. In the EWOV method based on Euclidean distance between each parameter and their standard, the quality ratings of each sample is determined using certain quality ranges. In the SPA method, the samples are evaluated based on fuzzy interval of each parameter. To evaluate the effectiveness of the two approaches, the 21 samples of SARAYAN plain were used. Findings: With implementation of the proposed approachs and extract the results of quality rankings samples can be found that the 42 percentage of the samples in wet period were in the mid-range class using EWOV method. By applying the uncertainty in quality classes, these percentages of monitored samples have acceptable quality level. Samples quality rankings study due to its location in the plains shows the results of SPA are more coordination with natural conditions of the aquifer. The results of the SPA method imply that the parts of the northwest, north and mid-plains are good and have acceptable quality for drinking consumption. Also, 42 and 74 percent of samples are located in quality classification of acceptable and acceptable to moderate in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Comparison of two methods result are indicative the appropriate precision of quality ranking offered by the SPA method and being consistent with the hydrogeological characteristics of the aquifer (such as P11 and P15). So, SPA as a preferred method in quality assessment of groundwater is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Comparison of Procedure of Artificial Neural Networks, Logistic Regression and Similarity Weighted Instance-Based Learning in Modeling and Predicting the Destruction of the Forest (Case Study: Gorgan-Rood Watershed- Golestan Province)
zeynab moradi Ali Reza Mikaeili-TBackground and Objective: The change in forest cover plays a vital role in ecosystem services, atmospheric carbon balance and thus climate change. The goal of this study is comparison of three procedure of Artificial Neural Network, Logistic regression and Similarity we MoreBackground and Objective: The change in forest cover plays a vital role in ecosystem services, atmospheric carbon balance and thus climate change. The goal of this study is comparison of three procedure of Artificial Neural Network, Logistic regression and Similarity weighted Instance-based Learning (SIM Weight) to predict spatial trend of forest cover change. Method: In this study, land use maps for the periods 1984 and 2012 derived from Landsat TM satellite imagery, was used. Transition potential modeling using artificial neural network, Logistic regression and Similarity weighted Instance-based Learning and prediction based on the best model using Markov chain model was performed. In order to assess the accuracy of modeling, statistics of relative performance characteristic (ROC), ratio Hits/False Alarms and figure of merit was used. Findings: The results show the accuracy of artificial neural network with the ROC equal to 0.975, the ratio Hits/False Alarms equal to 63 percent and the figure of merit is equal to 12 percent. Discussion and Conclusions: Artificial Neural Networks in comparison with Logistic Regression and Similarity weighted Instance-based Learning has higher accuracy and less error in modeling and predicting of forest changes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Study the effects of Traffic Conditions on the PM2.5 emission Geographically Weighted Regression model (case study: Isfahan city)
Sharareh Mahmoudi Mozhgan Ahmadi NadoushanBackground & Objectives: PM2.5 concentration has become a public concern in cities due to its harmful effects on human health. In this study, due to the importance of air pollution, the effect of urban traffic conditions on the emission of urban air pollutants (PM2. MoreBackground & Objectives: PM2.5 concentration has become a public concern in cities due to its harmful effects on human health. In this study, due to the importance of air pollution, the effect of urban traffic conditions on the emission of urban air pollutants (PM2.5) was studied using geographic weight regression model (GWR) and IDW interpolation method.Material and Methodology: For this purpose, concentration of PM2.5 in 2019 was collected from 9 air pollution monitoring stations of Isfahan Municipality and population data and traffic in the city were collected and entered into the model. Interpolation IDW method was used for preparing seasonal air pollutants dispersion maps. After performing geographical weight regression on the model parameters and in order to evaluate the validity of the model, the RMSE parameter was used, which is obtained from the difference between the actual value of the concentration and the predicted value and indicates the predictive power of the model. Finally, R2 values were calculated and Moran's index was used to examine the spatial autocorrelation test.Findings: After performing geographical weight regression on the model parameters, in order to evaluate the validity of the model, the value of R2 was calculated and the Moran index was used to examine the spatial autocorrelation test.Discussion and Conclusion: According to the amount of R2=0.75 for PM2.5, a direct correlation has been shown between this pollutant and independent variables, especially in the summer. The Moran index results showed that the GWR model was a good model for investigating the spatial temporal pattern of suspended particles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Environmental Capability Evaluation in Order to Select Nuclear Power Plant Site with Boolean-Fuzzy Logic Combination (Case Study: The Sahar Khiz Region of Gilan Province)
Mojtaba Barzehkar Naghmeh Mobarghaee Amir Salemi Hassan RamezaniBackground and Objective: Environmental capability evaluation in order to select nuclear power plant site with observance of International Atomic Energy Agency requirements and in the framework of land use planning is a very important factor to achieve sustainable devel MoreBackground and Objective: Environmental capability evaluation in order to select nuclear power plant site with observance of International Atomic Energy Agency requirements and in the framework of land use planning is a very important factor to achieve sustainable development. Precise evaluation of environmental capability will prepare the establishment of nuclear power plants in the coastal areas according to ecological and socio-economic considerations. The major purpose of this research is evaluation of environmental capability for nuclear power plant site selection in the Sahar Khiz region of Guilan province using Boolean-Fuzzy logic combination method based on the weighted linear combination (WLC) in Geographic information system environment. Method: At the first step investigating with the International Atomic Energy Agency, the nuclear power plant site selection criteria were identified. Then, all the layers of ecological and socio-economical aspects were entered into the Geographic Information System Environment and then the layers were standardized. In the next stage, the Analytical hierarchy process, based on the paire comparison, for weighting of layers were utilized. Finally all the ecological and socioeconomic layers were combined by Boolean-fuzzy logic based on the weighted linear combination. Findings: After combining the ecological and socio-economical layers, it was determined that the total area of Sahar Khiz region of Gilan province is inappropriate for nuclear power plant site selection. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the International Atomic Energy Agency and United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission requirement, the results demonstrate the environment capability evaluation for nuclear power plant site selection inthe Sahar Khiz region of Gilan province based on Boolean-Fuzzy logic method and based on the weighted linear combination (WLC), has higher flexibility and higher accuracy comparing with the Boolean logic method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Sitting Industries with Weighted Linear Combination Methodology in a GIS Environment in Great Isfahan Region
Marzieh Reisi Alireza Soffianian Hamidreza GhodosiThe location of industrial area is a key factor in regional planning because this kind of decision haslarge social, economical and environmental impacts on any land. Location decision makers mustconsider a wide range of factors in order to coordinate socio-economic bene MoreThe location of industrial area is a key factor in regional planning because this kind of decision haslarge social, economical and environmental impacts on any land. Location decision makers mustconsider a wide range of factors in order to coordinate socio-economic benefits and environmentalsustainability. Isfahan is one of the most important industrial centers in Iran and because of largeindustrial development in this region industrial construction is limited to 50 Km radius around Isfahancity. The present paper describes a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method, calledWeighted Linear Combination in GIS environment to evaluate the suitability of 50 Km radius aroundIsfahan for industrial establishment. At first by literature review and obtaining standards, industrialsite selection criteria are defined. The relative importance weights of criteria estimated usingAnalytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and pair-wise comparisons. Finally all criteria layers areaggregated by WLC. After the elimination of sites which do not have enough area for industries, 4suitable patches for industrial construction are found Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Ecological land capability evaluation of Arasbaran protected area using Boolean multi-criteria evaluation method and weighted linear combination techniques in Geographic Information System
Ebrahim Faridi Khalil Valizadeh Kamran Mohammad RezvaniBackground and Objective: Arasbaran protected area is located in East Azerbayjan in the northwest of Iran. This area is one of the nine reserves in Iran, and 66.5% of it is covered by forests. In this study, land capability evaluation of this area for forestry was carri MoreBackground and Objective: Arasbaran protected area is located in East Azerbayjan in the northwest of Iran. This area is one of the nine reserves in Iran, and 66.5% of it is covered by forests. In this study, land capability evaluation of this area for forestry was carried out in Geographic Information System (GIS) surrounding. Method: Both Boolean and weighted Linear Combination (WLC) methods along with analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) were used. First, the ecological characteristics of the study area including elevation, slope, soil texture, climate, value of vegetation type, soil depth and vegetation density were studied and then the calibrated model for forestry in Arasbaran area was created. Findings: In the first step, land capability assessment was done using Boolean method and results showed the presence of class capabilities of third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh, and lack of class capability of first and second for forestry. In the next step, the importance of criteria and sub-criteria was calculated using expert’s comments and AHP technique in Expert Choice 11. Then, land capability assessment was done using weighted linear combination. The results showed that all of the seven suitability classes for forestry were proper in the area. Discussion and Conclusion: Mc-Harg systemic model has been used to evaluate the ecologic capability evaluation for many years. The new process in ecologic capability evaluation is to use the mathematical models and to use the analytical hierarchy process for determining the weights and relative importance of the alternatives and for ecologic capability assessment by geographic information systems (GIS). In this study, to evaluate the forestry ecologic capability, both Boolean and WLC methods were used and the advantages and disadvantages of them were investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Determination of optimal percent mixing of cardboard waste in production of non-load bearing concrete
Daryoush Yousefi Kebria Seyyedeh Fatemeh Seyyedalipour Mehdi Dehestaniincineration and disposal methods for their waste production. Hazardous substances contained in thesewastes can contaminate the environment and cause a risk for the human health. Many recent studiesshow that some of the paper and cardboard industry wastes can be used as Moreincineration and disposal methods for their waste production. Hazardous substances contained in thesewastes can contaminate the environment and cause a risk for the human health. Many recent studiesshow that some of the paper and cardboard industry wastes can be used as raw material in theconstruction industry. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal percent mixing of cardboardwaste in production of non-load bearing concrete.Materials and method: In this study, two kinds of recycled paperboard mill wastes (type 1: wastecontains cardboard and sand and type 2: waste containing nylon, cardboard and Yonolit) that have themost volume of the wastes were used. Physical and microbial characteristic of wastes were measuredaccording to ASTM. As well as the chemical composition of the waste consists of various elementswere measured by using an electron microscope. After preparation of the samples, the required testswere carried out to determine the optimal mixture of waste in concrete at the ages of 7, 14 and 28 daysrespectively.Results: Since the pH of fresh concrete containing waste is greater than 12, can be sure that therewill not be any microbiological problem. In general, the use of waste in concrete production reducesthe compressive strength of the samples. Comparing the compressive strength of concrete containingwaste type 1 and concrete samples containing both waste types shows that reducing the amount ofwaste type 2 in compare with waste type 1 improves concrete strength. The results of dry density testshow the density decrease of concrete samples containing waste by increasing the percentage of wastereplacing in the sand. Also using of waste type 2 causes lighter concrete samples in compare withusing waste type 1. Optimal amounts of waste replacement instead of sand for samples containingwaste type 1 and type 2, 70% and 75% ,respectively, as well as for samples containing both wastetypes, 49% of waste type 1 and 21% waste type 2.1- Assistant professor, Department of Civil & Environmental engineering, Babol Noshirvani University ofTechnology, Babol, Iran.2- MSc in Environmental engineering Department of Civil & Environmental engineering, Babol NoshirvaniUniversity of Technology, Babol, Iran.3- 1-Assistant professor, Department of Civil & Eenvironmental engineering, Babol Noshirvani University ofTechnology, Babol, Iran.J.Env.Sci,TechJ.Env. Sci. Tech., Vol 17, No.3, Autumn 2015203Conclusion: According to the results, in terms of economic and environmental benefits, the use ofwaste type 1 in the production of concrete for the lower use of cement is more satisfactory. The use ofpaperboard mill wastes in the production of concrete due to environmental and economical efficiency(profitability and employment, reducing the cost of transferring waste to landfills, reducing structuralweight, using waste instead of buying sand and reduce the environmental pollution caused byincineration and landfilling) is noticeable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Population dynamics of Liza abu, (Liza abu Heckel, 1843) in Shadegan wetland
Seyedahmadreza Hashemi Aliakbar Hedayati Rasoul Ghorbani Ahmadreza JabalehBackground and Objective: In this study, the parameters related to growth and mortality of Liza abu in Shadegan wetland were studied. Method: The sampling was carried out monthly to determine the length and weight at five stations including Douragh (Mahshahr), Rogbeh, K MoreBackground and Objective: In this study, the parameters related to growth and mortality of Liza abu in Shadegan wetland were studied. Method: The sampling was carried out monthly to determine the length and weight at five stations including Douragh (Mahshahr), Rogbeh, Khoorosi, Salmaneh and Ateish. During implementation of the project from March 2013 to February 2014, a total of 493 fish were caught and transferred monthly to the laboratory for biometric analysis. Finding:The average lengths (±SD) in millimeters for male (20±138) and female (18±138) as well as the average weights (±SD) in grams for male (13±33) and female (14±33) were obtained respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The length-weight relationships for female (R2=0.89, W=0.00001L3.33, N=282) and male (R2=0.88, W=0.00001L 2.98, N=195) Liza abu were obtained. The values of length (247, 220 and 247 mm), growth parameters (0.56, 0.74, and 0.66), total mortality (2.83, 2.90 and 2.98), natural mortality (1.22, 1.36 and 1.22) and fishing mortality (1.73, 1.36 and 1.76) for male, female and total were calculated, respectively. Considering the growth and mortality parameters obtained from American fisheries society (AFS) indices, this speciesis classified as a low vulnerable group Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - A Framework for Comparing Assessment Criteria of Environmental and Sustainability Rating Systems
Seyed Majid Mofidi Shemirani Mansoureh Tahbaz AYDA MEHRABANBackground and Objective: Nowadays, enviromental impact of buildings is assessed by several sustainability rating systems. Analyzing relative importance and prioritizing of assessment criteria, as the principal measures for rating systems, indicate the general trend of MoreBackground and Objective: Nowadays, enviromental impact of buildings is assessed by several sustainability rating systems. Analyzing relative importance and prioritizing of assessment criteria, as the principal measures for rating systems, indicate the general trend of those systems in accordance with three pillars of sustainability, i.e. environment, economics and society. Method: Having gathered data in the form of library-based study, this paper proposes a framework to compare and analyze the criteria of widely-used assessment systems, including BREEAM, LEED, CASBEE, DGNB and HQE. By chossing an analytical-comparative method, assessment criteria for 5 rating systems are explored and classified. In order to acquire the relative importance of each criterion, weigthing coefficients are adopted and the weighted percentages are calculated. Findings: The comparative framework organized by three principles of sustainability, mainly covers 11 categories including Energy, Water, Site, Environmental Loads, Material, Waste, Indoor Environmental Quality, Socio-cultural issues, Economics, Technical and Functional Quality and Sustainable Management. Sub-criteria of each category provide the possibility for evaluating rating systems sufficiency at the micro level. Discussion and Conclusion: Rating systems concepts and trends have a major role in organizing criteria structure. For example, DGNB, which has an assessment structure in compliance with the three principles of sustainable architecture, much of criteria are assigned to economic and social issues, while BREEAM, LEED and HQE, considered as first generation of rating systems, mostly deal with environmental issues. In the holistic systems such as DGNB and CASBE issues such as performance, technical capabilities and building service are generally highlighted, whereas atomistic systems such as BREEAM, LEED and HQE give importance to preservation of resources including energy, water, land, etc. However, in both systems, energy and indoor environment quality are significantly considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Investigating of effect herding behavior types among analysts on stock price by network analysis in Tehran Stock Exchange
Zahra ShirazianHerding behavior among security analysts is described as similar behavior by analysts when forecasting main finance ratios of public companies and when giving investment recommendations. This type of behavior can be divided into two categories based on the different dri MoreHerding behavior among security analysts is described as similar behavior by analysts when forecasting main finance ratios of public companies and when giving investment recommendations. This type of behavior can be divided into two categories based on the different driving forces behind the analysts’ herding behavior.. For instance, if one analyst lacks the ability to research and provide recommendations, he or she may follow, or even copy, a famous analyst’s reports. Such action will result in herding behaviorIn this paper, we build undirected weighted networks to study herding behavior among analysts and to analyze the characteristics and the structure of these networks. We then construct a new indicator based on the average degree of nodes and the average weighted clustering coefficient to research the various types of herding behavior. Our findings suggest that every industry has, to a certain degree, herding behavior among analysts. Furthermore, we relate the two types of herding behavior to stock price and find that uninformed herding behavior has a positive effect on market prices, whereas informed herding behavior has a negative effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Ranking Two-Stage Process Using a Common Set of Weights in DEA
S. Mamizadeh-Chatghayeh A. A. Noura -
Open Access Article
87 - عملگرهای ترکیبی مشتق پذیر وزن دار از فضاهای برگمن وزن دار با وزن های پذیرفتنی به فضاهای از نوع بلاخ
شایسته رضاییفرض کنید خودنگاشتی تحلیلی روی قرص واحد در صفحه مختلط ، یک عدد صحیح نامنفی و تابعی تحلیلی روی باشد. در این صورت برای تابع تحلیلی روی عملگر ترکیبی مشتق پذیر وزن دار به صورت تعریف می شود که . در این مقاله، کرانداری و فشردگی از فضاه Moreفرض کنید خودنگاشتی تحلیلی روی قرص واحد در صفحه مختلط ، یک عدد صحیح نامنفی و تابعی تحلیلی روی باشد. در این صورت برای تابع تحلیلی روی عملگر ترکیبی مشتق پذیر وزن دار به صورت تعریف می شود که . در این مقاله، کرانداری و فشردگی از فضاهای برگمن وزن دار با وزن های پذیرفتنی به فضاهای از نوع بلاخ را بررسی می کنیم. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - یک روش عملی با رویکرد وزنهای مشترک برای رتبهبندی واحدهای تصمیم گیرنده در تحلیل پوششی دادهها
محمدجواد رضائیانی علی اصغر فروغیچند روش برای یافتن وزنهای مشترک در تاریخچه تحلیل پوششی دادهها وجود دارد. اما بیشتر آنها بر اساس مدلهای پیچیده هستند. در این مقاله، یک روش عملی جدید برای به دست آوردن مجموعهای از وزنهای مشترک ارائه میشود. به کمک چند مثال عددی، نتایج روش جدید با نتایج برخی از روشه Moreچند روش برای یافتن وزنهای مشترک در تاریخچه تحلیل پوششی دادهها وجود دارد. اما بیشتر آنها بر اساس مدلهای پیچیده هستند. در این مقاله، یک روش عملی جدید برای به دست آوردن مجموعهای از وزنهای مشترک ارائه میشود. به کمک چند مثال عددی، نتایج روش جدید با نتایج برخی از روشهای موجود مقایسه میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - کارایی تصادفی مبتنی بر مدل وزن مشترک در تحلیل پوششی داده ها
مرضیه قاسمی محمدرضا ظفری محسن رستمی مال خلیفه محمدحسن بهزادیتحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) روشی برای ارزیابی عملکرد مجموعه ای از واحدهای تصمیم گیرنده (DMU) متجانس با چندین ورودی و چندین خروجی می باشد. . مدل های مختلفی برای محاسبه کارایی در DEA وجود دارند که یکی از آن ها، مدل مجموعه وزن های مشترک (CSW) می باشد، که به طور گسترده ای توس Moreتحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) روشی برای ارزیابی عملکرد مجموعه ای از واحدهای تصمیم گیرنده (DMU) متجانس با چندین ورودی و چندین خروجی می باشد. . مدل های مختلفی برای محاسبه کارایی در DEA وجود دارند که یکی از آن ها، مدل مجموعه وزن های مشترک (CSW) می باشد، که به طور گسترده ای توسط افراد و متخصصان DEA مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. در تحلیل پوششی داده های کلاسیک تمام مقادیر ورودی ها و خروجی ها به طور دقیق مشخص می باشند. با این حال این فرض ممکن است در مسائل کاربردی همواره برقرار نباشد. یکی از روش های مهم برای مقابله با داده های نامشخص، بررسی داده های تصادفی در DEA است. این مقاله مدل مجموعه وزن های مشترک را برای حالتی که ورودی ها و خروجی ها تصادفی هستند، توسعه می دهد. سپس مدل تصادفی وزن مشترک (SCSW) به یک مدل قطعی غیر خطی تبدیل می گردد. پس از آن مدل قطعی به یک مدل برنامه ریزی درجه دوم تبدیل می شود. . کارایی به دست آمده با استفاده از داده های تصادفی را کارایی تصادفی می نامیم. مفهوم ارائه شده در این مقاله با مثال عددی که مربوط به شعبه های یک بانک ایرانی است نشان داده می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - A new weighting approach to Non-Parametric composite indices compared with principal components analysis
M. Rahimpoor A. Heshmati A. Ahmadizad -
Open Access Article
91 - Another Method for Defuzzification Based on Regular Weighted Point
Rasoul Saneifard Rahim Saneifard -
Open Access Article
92 - Ground-Based Methods for Direct Measuring of Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Seyed Mohammad Moein Sadeghi Naseh MiriBackground and Objectives: Leaf Area Index (LAI) is one of the most important structural parameters in agricultural, range and forest ecosystems and variation of energy, water, and gases are tightly coupled to LAI. According to the novelty of LAI research in Iran, this MoreBackground and Objectives: Leaf Area Index (LAI) is one of the most important structural parameters in agricultural, range and forest ecosystems and variation of energy, water, and gases are tightly coupled to LAI. According to the novelty of LAI research in Iran, this study aimed to evaluate different direct ground-based methods for determining LAI. Material and Methodology: This research has been done by literature reviews by using internet databases. There are two main categories of procedures to measure LAI: ground-based and remote sensing methods, and ground-based methods divided into direct and indirect (estimation) methods. Findings: Although, in the past two decades, the tendency to use indirect ground-based as well as remote sensing methods for estimating g LAI has increased, but for reasons such as needing semi-sophisticated and sophisticated instruments and lack of free access to satellite images in the greater part of the world, caused the direct ground-based methods for calculating LAI has been widely used. Moreover, the high precision and accuracy of direct ground-based methods compared to direct ground-based and remote sensing methods is another reason for preferring direct ground-based methods. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the Litter Trap method could be the most efficient method for measuring LAI, and we proposed this method in future research, concerning very less destruction to nature as well as high accuracy and precision. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - A Comparative Study of the Musical Structure of Arabic and Persian Children's Poetry
Javad Garjami adel azaddel Maryam SalimiToday, children's literature and poetry and its position in the collection of literary subjects, has attracted the attention of many writers and experts in this field. Creating pleasure from prose or poetry is the beginning of establishing a poet or writer relationship MoreToday, children's literature and poetry and its position in the collection of literary subjects, has attracted the attention of many writers and experts in this field. Creating pleasure from prose or poetry is the beginning of establishing a poet or writer relationship with the child. In the meantime, poetry is very attractive for children due to its musical structure and melodicity and creating listening pleasure. Children's poetry has a special position in terms of language, structure, weight and theme, and like other types of literature, it has certain structural components that distinguish it from adult poetry. In this article, in order to compare qualitatively, while analyzing its most important components, the position of children's poetry music in the formation of children's poetry language has been explained. Findings show that the musical structure of children's poetry as one of the important components of language, due to its objective and tangible presence has a great role in conveying the content of poetry to the child's audience and this can ultimately be the link between the child and the text. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - comparing the low birth weight of newborn in the fasting pregnant with non-fasting pregnant women
ملیحه مهرمنشIntroduction Maternal nutrition plays a critical role in fetal growth and development. .Mothers practice fasting though they are excused from fasting during pregnancy. The aim of this study was comparison the low birth weight in fasting and non-fasting pregnant women. M MoreIntroduction Maternal nutrition plays a critical role in fetal growth and development. .Mothers practice fasting though they are excused from fasting during pregnancy. The aim of this study was comparison the low birth weight in fasting and non-fasting pregnant women. Method The present research was cohort study. 84 pregnant women were put into 2 groups of second Trimester (21 fasting pregnant women and 21 non –fasting pregnant women) and third Trimester (21 fasting pregnant women and 21 non – fasting pregnant women) sampling was performed randomly ,gradually. Data was collected by questionnaires,examination ,and interview, and then they were analyzed by SPSS. Results The statistical test showed that the difference in low birth weight between the infants of fasting and non-fasting women in the second trimester and third trimester of pregnancy was not statistically significant. fasting in the second and third trimester of pregnancy does not lead to low birth weight If pregnant women have adequate meal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Comparative study of pregnancy in fasting and non-fasting women Attending Health care and Treatment centers of Qom medical sciences university
ملیحه مهرمنشIntroduction Fasting is one of the most important worshipers of Islam. Although pregnant women, and brest-feeding women, and those who may be sick or on a journey,… are exempted from the duty of fasting, some of them do so willing and eagerly. Considering the imp MoreIntroduction Fasting is one of the most important worshipers of Islam. Although pregnant women, and brest-feeding women, and those who may be sick or on a journey,… are exempted from the duty of fasting, some of them do so willing and eagerly. Considering the importance of nutrition during pregnancy in the health of the fetus and mother, the purpose of this study was to compare the pregnancy status in fasting and non-fasting pregnant women. Method The present research was cohort study.84 pregnant women were put into 2 groups of second Trimester (21 women) and third Trimester (21 women), and non –fasting pregnant women were second Trimester(21 women)and third Trimester (21women).Sampling was performed randomly ,gradually. Data was collected by,examination ,and interview, and then they were analyzed by SPSS. Results The results showed that the anemia of fasting and non-fasting pregnant mothers was not statistically significant in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. There was not statistically significant difference between normal weight gain during pregnancy among fasting pregnant and non-fasting pregnant women in the second and third trimester of gestation. Fasting in Pregnant women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy have no effect on the pregnancy status (normal weight gain during pregnancy and maternal anemia Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - The effect of caloric restriction along with functional training and acidic and alkaline diet on body composition, lipid concentration and C-reactive protein in overweight adults
Fahimeh Noori Zohreh Eskandari Mohammad Reza Shiri Shahsavar Elahe YousefiPurpose: Obesity increases inflammatory indices and creates insulin resistance, and proper diet along with regular physical exercises are effective in improving these indices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate 10 weeks of calorie restriction along with MorePurpose: Obesity increases inflammatory indices and creates insulin resistance, and proper diet along with regular physical exercises are effective in improving these indices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate 10 weeks of calorie restriction along with alkaline, acidic diet and functional exercises on lipid profile, body composition and C-reactive protein levels in obese and overweight adults.Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental research, 53 obese and overweight adults (18 men, 35 women) with an average age of 35.4±8.3 years voluntarily participated. Calorie restriction along with alkaline and acidic diet and functional exercises were applied in three experimental groups and one control group for 10 weeks. Body composition (weight, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, muscle and fat mass, visceral fat), lipid indices (fasting cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride) and C-reactive protein levels were measured. Anukova and Bonferroni tests were used to compare groups in the post-test and the significance level was 0.05.Findings: body composition (weight, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, fat mass and visceral fat) and cholesterol decreased in the alkaline diet group along with calorie restriction and functional exercises in overweight and obese people (P≥0.05).Conclusion: Calorie restriction and alkaline diet by reducing acid load along with 10 weeks of functional training lead to improvement of body composition and cholesterol in overweight and obese adults. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - «M. Omid »A study and analysis of the poetry and prose of Mehdi Akhavan Sales
mina hafiziksdjksksdjks Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - A study of ethane and its relationship with music and poetry
Farzaneh Vaezi Farhad DivasalarMusic is one of the most ancient arts that deals with the phenomena of nature. Music and literature, as its two inseparable categories, have long been of special interest to the mats, so that there can be no real boundary between the two contracts, while due to the diff MoreMusic is one of the most ancient arts that deals with the phenomena of nature. Music and literature, as its two inseparable categories, have long been of special interest to the mats, so that there can be no real boundary between the two contracts, while due to the different contexts, both of them have their own independence in the present article. Rhythmic cycles and its effect on poetic pronouns and weights or descriptive analytical method have been studied in the same way as some corrections related to music and literature such as: weight, poetry, archeological verbs, silver mosaic rhythm and rhythm (scheduling of poetic music in ancient times). Types of rites The etiquette of etiquette and distance, which is equivalent to weight, is also mentioned. Examining the works of these greats, it has been emphasized that rhythm in Iranian music is influenced by the weight of rhythmic words or Persian poetry, and ancient musicologists rely on the elements of rhythm, which is in fact the relationship between prosody weights and musical weights, their music theory. About the rhythm of expression. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Prioritizing tourism destination infrastructure of Kermanshah province with the GIS and SAW technique
Hossein Mousazadeh Parisa Mohammadpour Mehdi Khodadad Ebrahim Moammeri -
Open Access Article
100 - Study of the Soil Characteristics and Utilization History of Metribuzin Used in Potato Fields on its Efficiency to Control of Redroot Pigweed (Amaranth retroflexus L.)
Marjan Diyanat Seyyed Esmaeil Mofidi Mohammad Kazem RamezaniMetribuzin is one of the most common herbicides used in potato cultivation. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil characterstics and utilization history of metribuzin on its efficiency to redroot pigweed control as factorial on the base of randomized MoreMetribuzin is one of the most common herbicides used in potato cultivation. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil characterstics and utilization history of metribuzin on its efficiency to redroot pigweed control as factorial on the base of randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Institue of Plant Protection in 2012. First factor was soil type in six levels (Hamedan with 15 years and without utilization history, Jiroft with 15 years and without utilization history, Isfahan with 2 years utilization history and Mashhad with 3 years utilization history) and second factor was different concentrations of metribuzin (0, 100, 300, 700, 1000 and 1500 g ai ha-1). Before cultivating redroot pigweed seed, the pots with mentioned soils were treated with metribuzin and harvesting was done four weeks after cultivating. Then, length and dry weight of shoot and root were measured and dose-response curves were drawn. The highest and lowest damage to redroot pigweed was observed in soils of Jiroft without utilization history and Hamedan with 15 years utilization history, respectively. In Jiroft soil with 15 years utilization history, shoot dry weight reductions were 15, 29, 45, 46 and 56 percent at concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.7, 1 and 1.5 kg ai ha-1 of metribuzin, while in Hamedan soil with 15 years utilization history shoot dry weight reductions in the mentioned concentrations of metribuzin were 6, 11, 25, 31 and 36 percent, respectively. Results showed in different soils, increasing the concentration of herbicide resulted in a more favorable control of redroot, but increasing the amount of clay and organic matter, as well as increasing the history of consumption, affected the severity of the effects of metribuzin residues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - The Effect of Different Methods of Calculation of Germination Rate in Evaluation of Sprouting potential of Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) tuber and Estimation of Thermal Thresholds
sajad mijani mehdi rastgoo ali ghanbari mehdi nassiri mahallati jose luis Gonzalez-AndujarPurple nutsedge, is one of the most burdensome weeds in the agroecosystems, due to the rapid growth and proliferation of underneath tubers. The tubers are the main means of propagation and distribution of Purple nutsedge. Information on environmental conditions that reg MorePurple nutsedge, is one of the most burdensome weeds in the agroecosystems, due to the rapid growth and proliferation of underneath tubers. The tubers are the main means of propagation and distribution of Purple nutsedge. Information on environmental conditions that regulate the growth of the vegetative organs would help to predict the emergence time of perennial weeds. Several methods of germination were tested to compare the germination potential and determine the thresholds (the main temperatures) for germination of the tubers. The results showed that the () and ( methods are not an appropriate index for estimating the temperature thresholds and evaluating sprouting potential. Based on germination rate (tubers per day -1) and weighted germination rate (tubers per day-1) indices, temperatures of 25 and 30°C were the best temperatures. On the other hand, based on the thermal germination rate index, (tuber per°C -1 per day-1) the best temperature is 25°C. Among indices, the thermal germination rate index is a more justified assessment for precise description of sprouting potential versus temperature due to take into account the amount of used heat. In order to study the germination percentage, germination rate, weighted germination rate, Dent-like model showed better fit (R2 adjusted =0.83 to 0.99) but for study of the thermal germination rate index segmented model was superior model (R2 adjusted =0.76). In general, the minimum, optimal and maximum range of germination of Purple nutsedg was determined to be between 7.51 to 9.20, 28.5 to 32.62, and 0.43 to 42.49 ° C, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - The Evaluation of Application Time of Prosulfocarb (80% EC) Herbicide on Weed Control especially Annual Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) in Wheat
Ebrahim Mamnoie Mohamad Reza karaminejad Mehdi Minbash Moeini Hassan ZaliTo study the effect of Prosulfocarb (Boxer, 80% EC) herbicides to control weeds of wheat fields in Fars (Dara). This experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with 14 treatments and 4 replications during 2021-2022. The treatments include (Treat. 1 MoreTo study the effect of Prosulfocarb (Boxer, 80% EC) herbicides to control weeds of wheat fields in Fars (Dara). This experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with 14 treatments and 4 replications during 2021-2022. The treatments include (Treat. 1 to 9) the application of Boxer herbicide at a dose rate of 3, 3.5 and 4 L ha- 1, before the first irrigation, after the first irrigation, and early post-emergence in 1 to 3 leaves of wheat. (Treat. 10) Pinoxaden (Axial, 5% EC) + Bromoxynil+ MCPA (Bromicide MA, 40% EC) at dose rate 1.2 l + 1.5 L ha-1, respectively. (Treat. 11) Mesosulfuron+Iodosulfuron+ Diflufenican (Othello, 6% OD) at a dose rate of 1.6 L ha-1, (Treat. 12) Diclofop-Methyl (Iloxan, 36% EC) + Tribenuron methyl (Geranestar, 75% DF) at dose rates of 2.5 L ha-1+ 20 g ha-1, (Treat. 13) Metribuzin (Sencor, 70% WP) at the rate of 800 g ha-1 (400 g ha-1 in, early post-emergence in 1 to 3 leaves of wheat + 400 g ha-1 in the tillering stage of wheat), and (Treat. 14) weeding control. The highest relative density was Lolium rigidum L. (39%) in the experiment. The results showed that herbicides that were applied significantly decreased the weed density and biomass of Lolium rigidum L., Convolvulus arvensis L., and Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam., Carthamus oxyacanthus M.B. significantly increased the number of spikes per m2, grains per spike, 1000 grains weight, grain yield and biological yield. Pre-emergence application of Boxer was better than its application early after its emergence. The herbicide application of Boxer (4 L ha-1) before the first water decreased weed biomass of, L. rigidum, M. officinalis, and C. oxyacanthus by 72, 67 and 85%, respectively. Sencor herbicide had the best control on L. rigidum by 82%, and increased grain yield (6.5-ton ha-1) by 35 compared to weed control. Herbicide was introduced as the best treatment. The efficiency of Sencor herbicide and Boxer (4 L ha-1 before the first) was higher than other herbicides in L. rigidum control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - The Effect of 8 weeks of Concurrent Training on Plasma Concentration of Irisin and BDNF in Overweight Middle-Aged Men
Zohre Koohkheil Davar Khodadadi Parham JalaliThe purpose of the present study is to review the effect of 8 weeks of concurrent training on plasma concentration of Irisin and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in overweight middle-aged men.20 healthy middle-aged men with the average age of 51.3±7.5 wer MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review the effect of 8 weeks of concurrent training on plasma concentration of Irisin and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in overweight middle-aged men.20 healthy middle-aged men with the average age of 51.3±7.5 were randomly chosen and divided into 2 groups of test (10 members) and control (10 members) groups. The participants in the test group took part in 8 weeks of concurrent exercise. The work out plan consisted of 10 minutes of warm-up, 25 minutes of aerobics, 30 minutes of endurance activities, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Blood samples were tested before the test and 48 hours after the last work out session in order to measure Irisin and BDNF levels by ELISA test. For data analysis, t-test was used. The results showed that plasma concentration of Irisin and BDNF levels increased significantly in the test group compared to the pre-test (P≥ 0.001). Also, the comparison between test group and control group in post-test indicated high plasma levels of Irisin and BDNF in the concurrent test group (P≥ 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significantly positive relation between plasma changes of Irisin and BDNF (r-0.569; P≥ 0.01). It seems that concurrent exercising can positively regulate Irisin and BDNF levels in overweight middle-aged men and thus fight against the harmful effects of aging. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Smart Grid to Monitor Breast Cancer Patient Status
Mohammad Ali Pourmina Javad Nouri Pour Mohammad Naser-Moghaddasi Behbod GhalamkariImmediate monitoring of the patient has always been very important. Achieving this knowledge, which can be integrated to monitor damaged tissue, is very important. In previous methods, the tissue was monitored using a sensor. In this article, not only is a tissue monito MoreImmediate monitoring of the patient has always been very important. Achieving this knowledge, which can be integrated to monitor damaged tissue, is very important. In previous methods, the tissue was monitored using a sensor. In this article, not only is a tissue monitored using a sensor, but also the monitoring and evaluation of the effect of other tissues on tumor tissue is evaluated. The smart grid discussed in this article is designed to monitor the condition of a patient with a breast tumor. The structure of the smart grid, given the weight of the communication paths between the nodes and the ability of the nodes, shows us a strong network to assess the patient's condition. As the patient's condition changes, the nodes and weights of the communication pathways change, indicating that there is important information in the network and helping specialists to better assess the condition of the disease. Network monitoring is such that the evaluator node continuously evaluates the tumor node, by changing the status of the tumor node, the status of other nodes and communication paths between them changes, the result of changes in the network by the node The evaluator is evaluated. The simulation results show that this network has the necessary intelligence to assess the patient's condition in adverse conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Estimation for signal reception in mobile smart antennas
Farnush Heidari In this paper, different estimation methods for signal radiation will be investigated. We will divide these methods into several categories. The first category is conventional or classical methods that do not affect the signal and noise properties and only estima More In this paper, different estimation methods for signal radiation will be investigated. We will divide these methods into several categories. The first category is conventional or classical methods that do not affect the signal and noise properties and only estimate the signal direction according to the power of the array. The second category of these methods is called subspace methods or methods based on special vectors. Other methods are maximum correct methods Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Evaluating the Effects of Overload and Welding Residual Stress in Fatigue Crack Propagation
Ali Moarefzadeh Shahram Shahrooi Mehdi Jalali Azizpour -
Open Access Article
107 - Optimal Balancing of Spatial Suspended Cable Robot in Point-to-Point Motion using Indirect Approach
Mojtaba Riyahi Vezvari Amin Nikoobin -
Open Access Article
108 - Longitudinal and Lateral Vibration Analysis of Cables in a Cable Robot Using Finite Element Method
Hami Tourajizadeh Mahdi Yousefzadeh Moharram Korayem -
Open Access Article
109 - Numerical Study of Non-Gray Radiative Heat Transfer in a T-shaped Furnace
Amin Al Taha MohamadMehdi Keshtkar -
Open Access Article
110 - Multi-Objective Optimization of the Stamping of Titanium Bipolar Plates for Fuel Cell
Vahid Modanloo Vali Alimirzaloo Majid Elyasi -
Open Access Article
111 - Topological Optimization of Brake Pedal for Metal Additive Manufacturing: A Case Study
Batuhan Izgi Meltem Eryildiz Mirig&uuml;l Altan -
Open Access Article
112 - Antihyperlipidemic activity of a unani formulation in high fat diet-induced obese murine model
Md Rafiul Haque Shahid Hussain Ansari -
Open Access Article
113 - Relationship between Overweight with Self â Esteem Depression, Life Style and Body â Self in Self â Referred Woman to Weight Decrease Centers
محسن گلپرور محسن گلپرور منوچهر کامکار منوچهر کامکار بیتا ریسمانچیانAbstract :This research administered with the aim of investigate relation between overweight in self–referred woman to weight decrease centers with self– esteem, depression, life style and body–self in Isfahan city. For reach to research aims, in spring mounts of year, MoreAbstract :This research administered with the aim of investigate relation between overweight in self–referred woman to weight decrease centers with self– esteem, depression, life style and body–self in Isfahan city. For reach to research aims, in spring mounts of year, persons of self– referred woman to decrease or control weight centers (from three private doctor's office) selected with the use of simple random sampling. The questionnaires which used in this research were: Cooper Smit's self esteem questionnaire, Tam Cash's body–self questionnaire, Beck s depression questionnaire and life style questionnaire. The overweight measured with using difference between ideal weight and current weight (that is, the time of refer to decrease weight center). The cronbach s alpha for the research instruments were (for self – esteem), (for depression), (for life style) and (for body–self) respectively. The data analyzed with using Pearson's correlation coefficient, enter and stepwise regression analysis. The results of data analysis revealed that overweight only have significant relation with depression (r = , P < ) , with subjective weight (r = , P < ) and with appearance evaluation (r = , P < ). In enter regression, subjective weight and fitness orientation (two subscale of body–self questionnaire) have significant predictive power for prediction of overweight and stepwise regression analysis showed that subjective weight, fitness orientation and appearance evaluation, respectively have significant predictive power for prediction of overweight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - The Effect of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on ability to control weight, Satisfaction with body image, and Life satisfaction in Overweight women in city of Isfahan
mansooreh shamsi Hossein MolaviThe purpose of this study was investigating the effect of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on ability to control weight, Satisfaction with body image, and Life satisfaction in Overweight women in city of Isfahan. The research design was semi-experimental resea MoreThe purpose of this study was investigating the effect of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on ability to control weight, Satisfaction with body image, and Life satisfaction in Overweight women in city of Isfahan. The research design was semi-experimental research with pre-test and post-test and control group. Statistical publication also included all of overweight women in city of Isfahan in spring 2017, that were identified by use BMI index above 25. For doing research, 30 of these women were selected by random sampling and were assigned randomly in experimental and control group (15 each), and experimental group treated by MBCT program. In pre-test and post-test stages, Satisfaction work life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985), Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) (Cash, Winstead & Janda, 1986), and Body Mass Index (BMI) were used. The data was analyzed by Covariance analysis. Results showed that Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) had a significant effects to control weight, Satisfaction with body image, and Life satisfaction in Overweight women in city of Isfahan in experimental group (p < 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Effectiveness of Multidimensional Spiritual Therapy with a Focus on Weight Loss and its effect on Emotional Stability, Self-Control, and Body Mass Index in Overweight Women
mina shamsolahrari shahnaz nouhi ahmad aliporThe aim this study was effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual therapy with a focus on weight loss and its effect on emotional stability, self-control, and body mass index in overweight women. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-t MoreThe aim this study was effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual therapy with a focus on weight loss and its effect on emotional stability, self-control, and body mass index in overweight women. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with two experimental and control groups. The statistical population of all obese and overweight women referred to the Counseling and Psychology Clinic in District 3 of Tehran in 1398, and among them, 30 people were selected using the available sampling and were replaced in two experimental and control groups. . The Cattle Questionnaire (1973) was then completed by both groups, and both height and weight were measured. After that, a multidimensional spiritual therapy program with a focus on weight loss was implemented on the experimental group. The post-test was then performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and covariance analysis method. The findings showed that multidimensional spiritual therapy with a focus on weight loss increased emotional stability and self-control, and decreased body mass index (P = 0.001). Therefore, it can be said that teaching weight loss methods, if accompanied by the element of spirituality, can both affect weight loss and affect the regulation of emotions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Land capability assessment to determine suitable tourism area using analytical network process (ANP)
Hamideh Aliani Sasan Babaie Kafaky Amir Saffari seyed Masoud MonavariIn this research, in order to allocate land for development of ecotourism, a multi criteria evaluation method based on analytical network process and fuzzy logic was used. The ecological criteria such as soil, climate, water resources, geology and physiographic, as well MoreIn this research, in order to allocate land for development of ecotourism, a multi criteria evaluation method based on analytical network process and fuzzy logic was used. The ecological criteria such as soil, climate, water resources, geology and physiographic, as well as socioeconomic criteria, such as land use, distance from road, distance from built-up areas, distance from sightseeing attractions, and distance from tourism facilities were identified and then quantified using fuzzy method. In order to generate a land use map, remotely sensed data of OLI land sat 8 dated was used. Field data were collected in 2015. Thereafter, the factors influencing the allocation of lands to ecotourism were ranked using analytical network process method. Finally, using a weighted linear combination (WLC) operator, all information layers were combined in a ArcGIS®10.1 environment, followed by preparation of the final map of the ecotourism development power. In order to carry out the accuracy assessment, 20% of homogeneous land units which were suitable for ecotourism were randomly selected. The result of field check proved that 94% of the identified land units were completely compatible with natural condition. The obtained results indicate that the ecological criteria account for 0.64 of the final weight in total, suggesting the greater involvement of ecological criteria in developing functionality for ecotourism. The results from the quantitative method (WLC) showed that 75.2% of the study area are capable for ecotourism purposes, although the degree of culpability is varied. The rest (24.8%) has no suitability for ecotourism. From the capable areas, about 30.32% are highly capable for different ecotourism purposes. Concomitant use of fuzzy logic and ANP method for prioritization of criteria provides a more logical and flexible condition for land evaluation based on WLC method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Study of land use change and its effect on erosion in Nir city using GIS and RS (Case study: Nir county)
sayyad asghari saraskanroud Leila Aghayary Elnaz PirouziDue to human activities and natural phenomena, the face of the earth is always undergoing change. Therefore, for the optimal management of the natural areas, awareness of the land use ratio is a necessity. Soil erosion is one of the environmental disasters that annihila MoreDue to human activities and natural phenomena, the face of the earth is always undergoing change. Therefore, for the optimal management of the natural areas, awareness of the land use ratio is a necessity. Soil erosion is one of the environmental disasters that annihilates thousands of soil, crops each year, and land use change is one of the important factors in erosion. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the land use change trend in Nair, Ardabil province, and its effect on erosion using GIS and RS in order to carry out the research, images from 2000 and 2016, OLI and TIRS sensors, Landsat 8 were used and land use map was prepared using a controlled classification method. The erosion zonation map was performed using landuse maps and factors such as slope, lithology, distance from the road, distance from the waterway, precipitation and soil using Critical Weighing and Weighted Linear Combination (WLC). The results showed that the highest amount of area in 2000 was related to dry land farming with 442.38 km2 and semi-condensing pastures with an area of 347.39 km2. In 2016, the highest area of use of rangelands density, and then the use of semi-metamorphic rangelands are 478.76 and 458.5 km2, respectively. According to the erosion zoning plan of 2000, 17.25% and 25.55%, respectively, according to the 2016 erosion zonation, 12.44% and 26.51% of the city area are located in two high risk and high risk categories. Mostly, high risk and high-risk areas are located in both dry land and aquaculture fields at both time periods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Optimum ecotourism site selection in Kojur basin of Mazandaran province using ordered weighted average (OWA) and Geographic information system (GIS)
Amir Saadatfar Hassan FaramarziIn order to create sustainable development in the tourism industry, the proper understanding of environmental potentials and its sensitivity to human activities is very important. This study has identified and prioritized the potential of ecotourism sites in the Kojur b MoreIn order to create sustainable development in the tourism industry, the proper understanding of environmental potentials and its sensitivity to human activities is very important. This study has identified and prioritized the potential of ecotourism sites in the Kojur basin of Mazandaran province. Physiographies criteria, including slope, direction, and elevation, as well as criteria of distance from road, river, village, sliding locations and canopy percent, were selected as the appropriate index. The criteria were evaluated and fuzzy by the experts and Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. Subsequently, using the Ordered weighted average (OWA) scenarios, the appropriate ecotourism site was selected. To reduce risk and increase managerial power, Boolean logic was used. The results showed that the landslide and the roads had a maximum value of 0.315 and 0.238, respectively. The output maps of the OWA scenarios have shown that the northeastern range of the cougar basin is the most optimal location for the establishment of the ecotourism site, and the northern region was ranked next. In the scenario of the low-risk level and non-compensated, and low-risk level and low compensation scenario, 83 hectares of land were recognized for the appropriate ecotourism site. While, average risk and complete compensation, high risk and low compensation, average risk and non-compensation and high risk and no compensation, were 3179, 1255, 1909, and 2577 hectares respectively for ecotourism sites. The Boolean logic output showed that about 47 hectares of northeastern lands of Kojour basin are an appropriate ecotourism site. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Downscaling TRMM satellite-based precipitation data using non-stationary relationships between precipitation and land surface characteristics
Bahareh Zanjani Hesam Seyed Kaboli Mohsen RashidianSatellite-based precipitation dataset has been widely used to estimate precipitation, especially over regions with sparse rain gauge networks. However, the low spatial resolution of these datasets has limited their application in localized regions and watersheds. So, ha MoreSatellite-based precipitation dataset has been widely used to estimate precipitation, especially over regions with sparse rain gauge networks. However, the low spatial resolution of these datasets has limited their application in localized regions and watersheds. So, having an accurate estimation of precipitation by satellites along with the adequate spatial scale in hydrologic studies is the main goal of this study. In this research, Geographically weighted regression (GWR) method was investigated to downscale the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM-3B42 Version 7) over the DEZ river basin in the southwest of IRAN for 2010-2011. Downscaling was performed based on the non-stationary relationships between the TRMM precipitation and the Digital elevation model (DEM) derived products, the Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and the Land surface temperature (LST). The result shows that the downscale precipitation at 1 km spatial scale had significantly improved spatial resolution, and agreed well with data from the rain gauge stations. For the 16-day precipitation, Mean square root means square error (RMSE) and absolute mean error (MAE) values are 22.7 mm and 7.45 mm, respectively. However, the accuracy of the model varies in a different location and depends on the vegetation condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Application of spatial statistics in zoning and spatial analysis of the sound speed in the Persian Gulf
Mahyar Majidy Nik Hamed DeldarThe aims of this study were to find the distribution of sound speed under the influence of water's physical parameters; to predict spatial analysis in oceanography using geostatistical methods; to forecast value parameters for the Persian Gulf and zoning the sound speed MoreThe aims of this study were to find the distribution of sound speed under the influence of water's physical parameters; to predict spatial analysis in oceanography using geostatistical methods; to forecast value parameters for the Persian Gulf and zoning the sound speed. Sound Speed was calculated using Chen-Millero formula and pressure, salinity, and temperature data. The data extracted from World Ocean Atlas 2013 with regular mesh grid 0.25 degree. Sound speed was calculated using the Chen-Millero formula. Spatial analysis of the sound speed comparison based on three methods Kriging, Co-Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighted. These methods were performed using GS+ software in both warm and cold season. The best method finally used to forcast and prepare the plans of zoning sound speed. The Pearson’s correlation test was performed between independent variables and sound speed showed that the maximum correlation occurs between temperature and sound speed. Therefore, the temperature was considered as the auxiliary variable in Co-Kriging method for spatial analysis of sound speed. Cross-validation results showed that model's forecasting in cold season was better compared to warm season in this region. Results of spatial analysis showed that the sound speed decreased about 20m/s in all layers from the Hormuz Strait toward the northwestern part of the Persian Gulf. Because of the increased salinity the maximum of sound speed was always in the south shallow area. In all investigated stations, sound speed reduced with increasing depth, due to temperature reduction and the sound channel is not also observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Identification of sites suitable for artificial recharging using GIS and AHP techniques (Case study: Oshtorinan Plain)
Leila Goodarzi Ali Mohammad Akhondali Heidar ZareiOne of the water management methods that had wide application in recent years is the artificial recharge. The aim of this study is to determine the suitable sites for artificial recharge in Oshtorinan plain located in Boroujerd City. The effective factors of artificial MoreOne of the water management methods that had wide application in recent years is the artificial recharge. The aim of this study is to determine the suitable sites for artificial recharge in Oshtorinan plain located in Boroujerd City. The effective factors of artificial recharge were identified includes: geology, slope, the thickness of the unsaturated zones, groundwater quality, aquifer transmissivity, hydraulic gradient, storage coefficient, distance from surface water sources, and land use. In first, raster maps for different layers were prepared and arranged using the paired comparison method and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Raster layers were integrated using the Weighted Index Overlay Method. Unsuitable areas according to the proximity to wells, springs and Qantas were eliminated by using the Boolean model, and the artificial recharge map was prepared. Three sites were determined for artificial recharge in Oshtorinan Plain. The potential artificial recharge map shown, 17% of the region area had quite suitable, 21% was suitable, 31% was moderately suitable, 18% was unsuitable and 13% was prefect unsuitable for artificial recharge. Finally, through field visiting four sites were determined for artificial recharge in Oshtorinan Plain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Ecotourism site selection of Kiamaky wildlife refuge using multicriteria decision making
Omid Rafieyan Seyed Ali AKbar Mirrazi Najibeh Abdolalipour Elham GolabiIdentifying and locating suitable areas for eco-tourism development, is one of the important issues of tourism planners. But the wide variety of options and parameters, variables uncertainty and long terms in environmental planning, causes the &n MoreIdentifying and locating suitable areas for eco-tourism development, is one of the important issues of tourism planners. But the wide variety of options and parameters, variables uncertainty and long terms in environmental planning, causes the decision-making becomes more complex. So multi-criteria decision-making methods can meet these challenges. Thus the aim of this study is to identify suitable areas for eco-tourism in Kiamaky wildlife refuge using MCDM method Based on fuzzy logic in GIS. According to the effective criteria on the eco-tourism in this area; obtained from previous research and expert opinions, 15 criteria maps (climate, lithology, height from sea level, slope, aspect, land use and distance maps from residential area, road, river, police station, environmental guard station, sensitive habitats, shrine, spring and waterfall) are produced and classified as input. To determine the weights of criteria, opinions of experts in the form of Delphi Method were applied. The criteria matrix formed and the relative importance of all criteria was defined using the AHP method and pairwise comparison. Finally eco-tourism appropriate priority map was produced using Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method and applying the index of the importance of each criterion to corresponding classified map. According to mentioned map, 15% and 34% of the area eligible for perfect and good for eco-tourism respectively, and 4% of the area are medium for this purpose. In this study, besides confirming previous studies, power and usefulness of GIS in locating and combining different ecological criteria were shown. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - A New Protocol for Lightweight Anonymous Authentication with Leading Security in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on IoT
Maryam Rajabzadeh Asaar Pouya Derakhshan BarjoeiAbstract: Due to the fact that this research was aimed at providing a lightweight protocol, therefore, by checking and analyzing, we will show that the protocol proposed in this research is superior to the protocols of Fotuhi and colleagues in some aspects of security a MoreAbstract: Due to the fact that this research was aimed at providing a lightweight protocol, therefore, by checking and analyzing, we will show that the protocol proposed in this research is superior to the protocols of Fotuhi and colleagues in some aspects of security and computing[1]. The proposed protocol will be reviewed and shown, as claimed. It was found that the proposed protocol has both the characteristic of being lightweight and the characteristic of advanced security. By analyzing the security of the protocol, we showed that their proposed protocol is resistant to malicious port and asynchrony attacks. Introduction The Internet of Things includes an interconnected network that enables various types of communication and plays a critical role in the development of smart services to support and improve the activities of individuals and society. One of the most important concerns of those who use wireless networks is access information through the public channel considering security and privacy. Authentication is therefore important so that no entity, person, or non-virtual device can abuse the network and by maintaining the privacy of users who are using the network. Important information does not reach these people. Method We presented a protocol that, in addition to the mentioned features, it also has the feature of two-way authentication. The proposed protocol model consists of three main components which all three entities have already been approved at the registration stage and can communicate with each other to verify their identity. The overall goal is for both the user and the sensor to verify each other's authorization, which is verified by the gateway. This protocol is safe against attacks and finally compared the proposed protocol with the previous and based protocol. Results our outcomes from the proposed method showed that the proposed protocol is 24% in computing overhead and 26% Improves telecommunication overhead. Discussion In this research, an attempt was made to provide a protocol that would bring sufficient security requirements without the use of a smart card. Also, unauthorized users cannot access the protocol stages by ways such as repetition attacks, identity forgery, lack of synchronization between the sensor and the user, the ability to track and capture the sensor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Examining Effect Of the Aqueous Extract Of Anchusa Italica on Estrogen and Progesterone Concentrations and Placental Parameters in Wistar Female Mice
Arezo Zangeneh Shahla Roozbehani Ramesh MonajamiInroduction and Objective: The extensive use of medicinal herbs such as anchusa italica theory and indiscriminate use of them and chemical compounds Especially to determine the effectiveness of the various aromatics plant reproductive process and the relevant parameters MoreInroduction and Objective: The extensive use of medicinal herbs such as anchusa italica theory and indiscriminate use of them and chemical compounds Especially to determine the effectiveness of the various aromatics plant reproductive process and the relevant parameters in this study were taken decision. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Anchusa italica on estrogen and progesterone concentrations and placental parameters in female miceMaterial and Methods:In this study, after mating and observation of vaginal plug, 30 Wistar female mice were randomly divided into five groups including one group receiving physiological saline intraperitoneally, and four treatment groups receiving aqueous extract of Anchusa italica at concentrations of 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg for five days after the 7th day of pregnancy. Cesarean operation was performed on 16th day of pregnancy. The blood was taken from mice’s heart to measure the concentrations of the estrogen and progesterone hormones alsoFetal-placental parameters Was evaluatedand the results were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: The results show that Anchusa italica extract was effective on progesterone concentration, since the correlation coefficient is less than 0.05. while was not effective on estrogen concentration since the correlation coefficient is higher than 0.05. Also Injecting extract affected on placental weight, Placental size and The number of placental Has been effective because the correlation coefficient less than 0.05.Conclusion:According to the study of aqueous extract of borage on reproductive parameters such factors and reproductive organs also affect the fetus feeder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Effect Ofsilver nanoparticle injection on body weight, liver index and spleen index in rat
Hossein Hamzehei Hamed Alizadeh Nader Hajizadeh Mohammad Taghi MoazedInroduction and Objective:Silver nanoparticles may be toxic. The mechanism of toxicity is not known. Great concern for the health of humans in nature has created. The changes in body weight, liver index and spleen index can be effective in identifying harmful factor in MoreInroduction and Objective:Silver nanoparticles may be toxic. The mechanism of toxicity is not known. Great concern for the health of humans in nature has created. The changes in body weight, liver index and spleen index can be effective in identifying harmful factor in the body. This study was performed to examine the effects of silver nanoparticles on body weight and liver and spleen index in rats.Materials and Methods:21 adult female rats were randomly divided into 7 groups. The mice were weighed. Group 1 was sham. Control group 2 and group 3 to 7 experimental groups were treated respectively with 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 ppm of silver nanoparticles. Mice treated for 10 days. On the eleventh day the rats were killed by diethyl ether anesthesia. The mice were weighed and then dissected; the liver and spleen were removed. Liver and spleen were weighed in order to calculate their index.Results:The results showed no significant change in body weight of mice, spleen weight, liver weight and liver index and spleen index.Conclusion:Intraperitoneal injection of silver nanoparticles does not affect the index in rat liver and spleen. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - The relationship between cadmium levels inmuscleand body weightOf farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) inTonekabonsDohezar River
Mohammad Reza Ghomi Seyyed Mohsen HosseiniInroduction and Objective:This study aimed to assess the heavy metal cadmium in muscle tissue of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchusmykiss)in Tonekabon'sDohezarRiver and its main purpose was to examine the correlation between weights cadmium.Material and Methods:In this study,tw MoreInroduction and Objective:This study aimed to assess the heavy metal cadmium in muscle tissue of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchusmykiss)in Tonekabon'sDohezarRiver and its main purpose was to examine the correlation between weights cadmium.Material and Methods:In this study,twenty two rainbow trout (from 25 to 584 g) were caught and after tissue digestion, the cadmium amount was measured using the voltammetry method.Results:Based on the results, the average concentration of cadmium in muscle tissue of farmed rainbow trout in Tonekabon'sDohezar River was 1.01 microgram per gram, which shows higher rate than the standard accepted by the World Health Organization (WHO) (0.2 micrograms per gram). Also, byelevating in body weight of fish, cadmium levels are significantly (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Effect of high intensity exercise training on salivary levels of lysozyme, LL-37 and HBD-2 in obese adolescent boys
Behrouz Alizadeh Qale Zawarq Farzad Zahsaz Karim Azali Alamdari Akbar MoinBackground &Aim: Wellness requires the proper functioning of the immune system in all of the body systems. The immune system active by the cooperation of several immune sections. The immune cells and substances can identify and destroy foreign viral and microbial agents MoreBackground &Aim: Wellness requires the proper functioning of the immune system in all of the body systems. The immune system active by the cooperation of several immune sections. The immune cells and substances can identify and destroy foreign viral and microbial agents that worn out cells and cancer cells in the body. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high-speed sports activity on the anti-inflammatory factors lysozyme, LL-37 and HDB-2 in the saliva of obese adolescent boys. Materials &Methods: 32 male students voluntarily participated in the present study and were randomly assigned to four groups: 1) obese aerobic exercise, 2) normal weight aerobic exercise, 3) obese control without exercise, and 4) normal weight control without exercise. Anthropometric indices of height, weight and body mass index were measured. Before and after eight weeks of practice, Shatell-Run standard test was performed. Salivary samples of lysozyme, lactoferrin, lactate and C-reactive protein concentrations were taken after eight weeks of training with a frequency of three sessions per week with an intensity of 30 to 90% of maximum aerobic power. Using analysis of covariance, variables with a significance level of less than (p≥0.05) were included in the analysis. Results: The results showed that the salivary levels of lysozyme (p=0.001), LL-37 (p=0.002), and HDB2 (p=0.001) increased significantly, and the amount of increase in obese students was higher than in people with normal weight. Conclusion: The increased response of some salivary anti-inflammatory proteins following eight weeks of high-speed exercise training after increased activity may be due to the short-term responses of the immune system against the pressures caused by intense activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - LRAPM: A Lightweight RFID Authentication Protocol for MIoT Systems
Alireza Abdollahi Mahdi Sajadieh Mohammad Rohollah YazdaniIn recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) networks have extensively been used in various practical field, one of the most important of which is medical Internet of Things (MIoT). In these networks, radio frequency identification (RFID) is one of the main technologie MoreIn recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) networks have extensively been used in various practical field, one of the most important of which is medical Internet of Things (MIoT). In these networks, radio frequency identification (RFID) is one of the main technologies in creating an authentication system that is able to efficiently identify and identify medical equipment and patients. Therefore, researchers in this field have proposed different authentication protocols for RFID-based MIOT systems and claimed that they are resistant to active and passive attacks. Contrary to their claims, most of these protocols are not resistant to conventional attacks. Fan et al. have recently proposed a lightweight RFID authentication scheme for cloud-based RFID health-care systems and claimed that it is sufficiently efficient and secure. In this paper , we analyzed the Fan et al protocole and demonstrated that their protocol is vulnerable to replay, reader impersonation, tag tracking, and de-synchronization attacks. Moreover, we show how the similarity of some of their protocol messages causes attack. Then, we propose an improved protocol (LRAMP) that is resistant to these and other known attacks in RFID authentication protocol. According to security analysis, we can see that the LRAPM protocol has a high level of security. This high security can only be achieved by adding a new message and changing other messages. A comparison of the performance of the LRAPM protocol shows that this protocol is comparable to similar protocols in terms of computational costs, storage costs and communication costs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Weight Optimum Design of Pressurized and Axially Loaded Stiffened Conical Shells to Prevent Stress and Buckling Failures
M Talebitooti M Fadaee M.H Seyyedsharbati M.M Shojaee -
Open Access Article
130 - Chemical Control of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) in Greenhouse Condition
Marjan DiyanatMugwort, (Artemisia vulgaris L.,) is a rhizomatous perennial weed common in field grown nursery crops, landscape plantings, and turf grass. Greenhouse experiment was conducted based on a factorial in randomized completely block design in 2014. Mugwort rhizomes were coll MoreMugwort, (Artemisia vulgaris L.,) is a rhizomatous perennial weed common in field grown nursery crops, landscape plantings, and turf grass. Greenhouse experiment was conducted based on a factorial in randomized completely block design in 2014. Mugwort rhizomes were collected around Karaj and were trimmed into 3 cm-long segments. Three of these Mugwort rhizome segments were planted in 20-cm-diameter pots containing sandy loam soil, with pH 7.5 and 0.9 % organic matter content. Experimental factors included type of herbicide at six levels (2,4-D, glufosinate, picloram, dicamba, glyphosate and clopyralid) and herbicide concentration at six level (0, 0.28, 0.56, 1.1, 2.2 and 1.1+1.1 ai ha-1). Results showed that shoot dry weight of Mugwort was 2.52, 1.57, 2.17, 2.22, 3.25 and 0.63 g at 4 weeks after treatment and 0.28, 0.2, 0.25, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.1 g at 9 weeks after treatment with application of 2,4-D, clopyralid, dicamba, glyphosate, glufosinate and picloram, respectively. So long-term control of mugwort plants and rhizomes can be achieved with picloram at lower concentrations. This level of mugwort control is more than likely because of the greater persistence of picloram in the soil compared with other growth regulator–type herbicides. 2,4-D and glufosinate could not control this weed in long-term and extensive regrowth from underground rhizomes was observed 9 weeks after spraying. This suggests that inadequate concentrations of glufosinate reach the underground rhizomes of mugwort, resulting in immediate regrowth and unacceptable long-term mugwort control. Clopyralid, dicamba and glyphosate were moderately effective in controlling mugwort under greenhouse conditions, but re-growth occurred after all herbicide concentrations, but higher rates were needed for complete control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Effect of plant-derived smoke on germination and seedling growth in some species weed
Marjan DiyanatIn order to evaluate effects of plant-derived smoke on germination and seedling growth in some species weeds an experiment was conducted in factorial based on completely randomized design at laboratory of ecology of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Scien MoreIn order to evaluate effects of plant-derived smoke on germination and seedling growth in some species weeds an experiment was conducted in factorial based on completely randomized design at laboratory of ecology of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, in 2015. First Factor was 12 weed species and second factor was germination treatment consisted of 10-3 M KNO3, 10–4 M GA3, 0.01 and 0.1 (V/V) smoke-extract dilution at constant temperature and alternating temperature. For the study species the relative effectiveness of alternating temperatures, KNO3, GA3 and smoke –extract dilution were compared on germination percentage, mean time to germination and seedling dry weight relative to the control. Results showed that smoke-extract dilution stimulated germination and seedling growth in a number of species weeds and it also had negative impacts on other species weeds. There were significant correlations between the effect of smoke-extract dilution and GA3 on the three measured parameters. None of the treatments were effective on all weed species. In addition, smoke –extract dilution appears to have no negative impact on seedling morphology, as observed with GA3, and may have wide-scale applicability as a germination and early growth stimulant. So smoke may have wide applicability as a germination and seedling growth stimulant in some species weeds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Investigation of the tolerance of promising lines of durum wheat and two wheat cultivars to E. integriceps in Neyshabur
isa jabaleh Ghazaleh Eshaghi Majid TaherianThe Sunn pest, E. integriceps, is the most important pest of wheat fields in Iran. In order to investigate the lines of Durum wheat in terms of resistance to E. integriceps, was conducted experimental in 2016, Neyshabour Research Center. The experimental design was a ra MoreThe Sunn pest, E. integriceps, is the most important pest of wheat fields in Iran. In order to investigate the lines of Durum wheat in terms of resistance to E. integriceps, was conducted experimental in 2016, Neyshabour Research Center. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of 20 genotype: 18 lines of durum wheat, two cultivars of Dena control and Parsi wheat cultivar. According to the results, the highest number of overwintered adults of E. integriceps was located in genotype 1 (Dena wheat) and the lowest in genotypes 12, 2 (Persian wheat) and 16. The highest number of damaged leaves was in genotype 11 and the lowest number was in genotypes 16, 10 and 6. Investigating the traits of number of sprouts showed that genotypes number 1 and 6 had the highest and lowest number of buds respectively. The days to spike emergence and number of days to physiological treatment were affected by the treatments. The highest number of days until the appearance of spike was genotype number 18 and the least of these traits were genotypes number 9, 1, 11 and 14. The maximum length of peduncle was recorded in genotypes Number 11, 9 and 15, and the lowest peduncle length was observed in genotypes1 (Dana), 16, 18 and 19. There was no significant difference between the 20 genotypes in terms of yield, biological yield and harvest index. Genotypes 1, 13 and 18, along with the important indices of Yp, Ys and GMP in the region with high production potential and low sensitivity to E. integriceps Genotypes adjacent to SSI and TOL sensitivity indexes (Genotyp 4) are also low 1000 seeds weight. Weight of 1000 grains in non-activity of E. integriceps condition (Yp) had a positive and significant correlation with geometric mean (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI) and yield index (YI). Weight of 1000 seeds in terms of activity of E. integriceps (YS), was a positive and significant correlation with all indices. Accordingly, the mean of productivity (MP), geometric mean (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI) and yeild index (YI) were the only indices that showed a positive and significant correlation with grain yield in terms of E. integriceps activity and E. integriceps inactivity. Finally, within the scope of the study, three genotypes 1, 13 and 18 were sunn pest tolerant genotypes in Neyshabur region and genotypes 4, 7 and 15 were susceptible to sunn pest with lowest 1000 seeds weight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Essential Norm of Composition Operator as a Mapping on Weighted Bergman Space with Regular Weight
Shayesteh Rezaei -
Open Access Article
134 - Extend a ranking method of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers to all fuzzy numbers by a weighting functions
Abolfazl Saiedifar -
Open Access Article
135 - Effects of Green Manure Residues on Egyptian Broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers.) and Growth Relations in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)
Mojtaba Zafarian Ali Tadayon Mohammad BazoobandiIn order to evaluate the efficacy of green manure on Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca. Pers) control and to determin green manure effects on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) growth, a glasshouse experiment was conducted in CRD design with four replications MoreIn order to evaluate the efficacy of green manure on Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca. Pers) control and to determin green manure effects on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) growth, a glasshouse experiment was conducted in CRD design with four replications. Treatments consisted of three green manures of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgar L.) and rye (Secale cereal L.) in two levels (50 and 100 biomass return into the soil) and two control treatments of weed free and weed infest treatments. The results showed that among all treatments, the rye manure in both levels (50 and 100 percent return into the soil) reduced significantly the number of broomrape shoot, and nodules on tomato roots; dry weight and the broomrape/tomato dry matter ratio than weed infest treatment. In fact, barley green manure, especially in 100 percent biomass return in many treats, was similar to rye green manure. In spite of reduction in the measured treatments of broomrape, no significant difference was observed among green manure on the dry weight of tomato. Generally, it seems that rye manure in 50 and 100 percent and barley green manure in 100 percent level have the capability to prevent broomrape seed germination and establishment in a better way more research is needed to examine the effects of treatments on tomato growth and quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Effects of exercise intervention to improve body composition and chemerin in middle-aged overweight women
Mohsen Salesi Shakiba Gani -
Open Access Article
137 - Effect of home physical exercise on obesity in social isolation period of Corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic, Ethiopia
Tilahun Bereded Shiferaw -
Open Access Article
138 - The Effect of 12-weeks Selected Physical Exercise Alone or Combined with Omega-3 Supplement on Ghrelin and Leptin Levels in Young Non-Athlete Women
Eskandar Rahimi Somayeh Saffari Sarah Hojjati Salman Vojdani Mehdi Noura -
Open Access Article
139 - Common Set of Weights Model in the Presence of Non-homogeneous Outputs
Mahnaz Ahadzadeh Namin Elaheh Khamseh -
Open Access Article
140 - Modelling Robust Optimization in DEA With Ratio Data: A Case Study of Commercial Banks
Javad GeramiIn many practical problems, we face situations where the data ratio is important for the decision-maker (DM). Data envelopment analysis ratio-based (DEA-R) and ratio analysis models are presented to deal with the above issue in data envelopment analysis (DEA). If the da MoreIn many practical problems, we face situations where the data ratio is important for the decision-maker (DM). Data envelopment analysis ratio-based (DEA-R) and ratio analysis models are presented to deal with the above issue in data envelopment analysis (DEA). If the data is uncertain, it is no longer possible to use the basic DEA-R and ratio analysis models to evaluate the efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs). In this paper, we will first discuss robust optimization modelling based on DEA-R models. In this regard, we consider a case where the inputs have an uncertain numerical value and the outputs have certain values. In the following, we present the ratio analysis model based on the set of common weights of all the ratios of input to output components and obtain this model for robust optimization. To show the validity of the proposed approach, we use it to evaluate the efficiency of 38 excellent banks that compete in the global market and compare the results of the proposed approach in this paper with the results of previous approaches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Optimization of chitosan film and effect of mixing ratio in chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol coating on internal quality parameters of eggs
pezhman Riazi Kermani dariush khademi shurmasti Abdollah Alizadeh KarsalariTo optimize the chitosan film with level, molecular weight and solvent and then use it in the composite coating in the appropriate mixing ratio, in a completely random design using the 23 factorial methods with 3 factors, level (2 and 4 %), molecular weight (high and lo MoreTo optimize the chitosan film with level, molecular weight and solvent and then use it in the composite coating in the appropriate mixing ratio, in a completely random design using the 23 factorial methods with 3 factors, level (2 and 4 %), molecular weight (high and low) and solvent (acetic acid and citric acid), was carried out to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of chitosan film. Then the selected film was incorporated in the chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol composite coating, aiming of achieving the optimal mixing ratio and affecting the internal quality parameters of eggs, in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments including uncoated eggs (control), coated with a pure coating of chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol separately as well as composite coatings of chitosan: polyvinyl alcohol (25, 50 and 75% of each component). The results showed the highest tensile strength and Young's modulus (0.16 and 2.45 MPa, respectively) and water vapour impermeability (2.17.10-8 g/msPa) in 4% chitosan film with high molecular weight dissolved in acetic acid and the highest elongation at break (54.33%) was observed in chitosan film in citric acid (P<0.05). Also, eggs coated with chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol at 25:75 have the lowest weight loss (0.57%) and the highest values of Haugh unit (61.00) and yolk index (0.37) (P<0.05). Therefore, it is possible to use chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol composite coating in the optimal mixing ratio (25% chitosan: 75% polyvinyl alcohol) as a packaging material to extend the shelf life of eggs for at least 2 weeks at ambient temperature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Comparison of original and weighted singularity indexin separation of Pb- Zn mineralized zone in the Haft Savaran district, Central Iran
Feridon Ghadimi Massume Khavari -
Open Access Article
143 - Evaluation of Different Tillage Systems and Fertilizer Types on Grain Yield and Yield Components in Several Rapeseed Cultivars
Javad Tarighi Mousa AzadIn order to evaluate different tillage systems and fertilizer types on grain yield and yield components on rapeseed, an experiment was done on the farm of Moghan Agro-industry Company in 1399-1400. This experiment was performed in a completely randomized with three repl MoreIn order to evaluate different tillage systems and fertilizer types on grain yield and yield components on rapeseed, an experiment was done on the farm of Moghan Agro-industry Company in 1399-1400. This experiment was performed in a completely randomized with three replications. Tillage as the main factor in three levels (conventional, low tillage and no tillage), type of fertilizer as a secondary factor in two levels (animal manure 5t/ha and ammonium phosphate fertilizer 500 kg/ha and the cultivar tested to title of sub-factor was considered at two levels (Neptune and Barley). Main, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000-seed weight and grain yield at 1% probability level and grain yield in fertilizer type were 5%. The highest average grain yield was 5 tons / ha and the lowest It was obtained without tillage and ammonium phosphate fertilizer (500 kg / ha). 1 and 5%), number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and grain yield were significant at 1% probability level, with the highest mean for low tillage treatment (5 tons of animal manure). R hectares in Neptune cultivar) and animal manure 5 tons per hectare in Neptune cultivar and the lowest average was obtained without tillage (500 g ammonium phosphate fertilizer per hectare in Neptune cultivar) and animal manure 5t/ha in Neptune cultivar. The results of comparing the mean of the three interactions of tillage systems in fertilizer type and cultivar type on yield components showed that the highest mean of low tillage treatment in animal manure of 5t/ha and Neptune cultivar and the lowest average of no tillage treatment in ammonium phosphate fertilizer 500 kg per hectare and Barley cultivar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Evaluation of Auxin Application and Weed Management on Yield, Physiological and Chemical Properties of Potato Cultivars
Mahmoud Setoudeh Nezhad Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Tayeb Saki Nejad Shahram Lak Seyed keyvan MarashiIn order to evaluate the application of auxin hormone and weed management on the performance of physiological and chemical characteristics of potato cultivars, a split factorial experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in two MoreIn order to evaluate the application of auxin hormone and weed management on the performance of physiological and chemical characteristics of potato cultivars, a split factorial experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in two crop years 2016-2016 and 2016-2016 in Bardsir city of Kerman province. Done. The treatments include two potato varieties, Milva and Sante, foliar spraying of auxin hormone at three levels, no hormone consumption, 200 and 400 ppm and weed control, pre-emergence application of metribuzin herbicide with an amount of 750 grams per hectare, two-stage application Metribiozin, one stage of 500 g/ha pre-emergence and the second stage of 250 g/ha 10 to 15 days after potato sprouting, weed control through manual weeding, control without weed control. The results showed that increasing the consumption of auxin hormone significantly increased the diameter, dry weight and tuber performance. Weed control was achieved during the two-step application of Bozin herbicide with an increase ratio of 15 to 39% compared to the control without control. The highest yield of tubers was obtained under the two-stage application of Bozin herbicide and the application of 400 ppm of auxin hormone at the rate of 38055.33 kg per hectare, and the number of tubers in potato was obtained under the two-stage application of Bozin herbicide. The use of different amounts of IAA in this experiment led to an increase in the content of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus compared to not using it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - A Practical Common Weight Scalarizing Function Approach for Technology Selection
Mousa Amini Alireza Alinezhad -
Open Access Article
146 - construction architecture Lightweight Iranian with indigenous materials
Mohsen vafamehr -
Open Access Article
147 - The effect of Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and mycorrhizal fungi along with humic acid on agronomic characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)
علی نصرالله زاده اصلFor the aim of sustainable agriculture and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, the experiment carried out by using of Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and mycorrhizal fungi and humic acid on agronomic characteristics and seed yield of sunflower. This experiment was MoreFor the aim of sustainable agriculture and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, the experiment carried out by using of Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and mycorrhizal fungi and humic acid on agronomic characteristics and seed yield of sunflower. This experiment was conducted in Chaypareh city in 2018. The experiments carried out using factorial design based on Randomized Complete Block design with three replications and two factors. The factors were as follows: The first factor humic acid in two levels (control and humic acid 10 kg.ha-1) and Second factor phosphateh fertilizer in six levels (control, Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer, mycorrhizal fungi, Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi, Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi + 100 kg.ha-1 super phosphate triple and 200 kg.ha-1 super phosphate triple). The results showed that the effect of humic acid was significant on plant height, head diameter, Number of seed per head, 100-seed weight, seed yield and harvest index were significant. The maximum grain yield (2439.98 kg. ha-1) was obtained from experiment treatment of humic acid. The effect of phosphateh fertilizer on plant height, steam diameter, head diameter, Number of seed per head, 100-seed weight and seed yield were significant. The maximum seed yield 2789.6 kg.ha-1 was obtained from experimental treatments Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi + 100 kg.ha-1 super phosphate triple. According to the results of this experiment, using Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi could reduce 50% super phosphate triple Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Assessment Effect of Different level of Nitrogen Fertilizer (Urea Source) and Interval between Irrigation Round on Crop Production of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L., cv. Speed feed)
Bahareh Jahangiri Mojtaba Alavifazel Mohamad Reza Dadnia -
Open Access Article
149 - Assessment Effect of Different Amount and Time of Apply Gibberellin Acid on Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Broad Bean
Somayeh Ghalandari Tayeb Sakinezhad -
Open Access Article
150 - Response of Seed Yield and Its Components of Bread Wheat to Different Level of Combination Chemical and Biological Fertilizer and Several Type of Application Fertilizer
Zhaleh Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
151 - Response of Growth Indices of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) To Different Level of Deficit Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer
Masood Allaf Lida Berahmandzadeh -
Open Access Article
152 - Response of Yield and Morphophysiological Characteristics of Corn (SC 704) to Different Source of Potash Fertilizer under Deficient Irrigation Situation (at South West of Iran)
Sattar Kazemi Keyvan Marashi -
Open Access Article
153 - Evaluation Effect of Different Level of Combination Chemical and Biological Fertilizer and Several Type of Application Fertilizer on Growth Indices of Bread Wheat
Zhaleh Ahmadi Shahram Lak -
Open Access Article
154 - Assess Correlation between Traits of Sorghum Affected Different Rate of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Vermicompost under Water Stress Situation
Seyedeh Zohreh Hashemi Saeed Zakernejad Khoshnaz Payandeh -
Open Access Article
155 - Assessment Effect of Chitosan Foliar Application on Total Chlorophyll and Seed Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Under Water Stress Conditions
Mohammad Hadi Masjedi Arash Roozbahani Mahdi Baghi -
Open Access Article
156 - Investigation Response of Wheat Genotypes to Different level of Nitrogen Fertilizer, Crop Production, Seed Growth Trend and Correlation Between Traits
Fatemeh Torfi -
Open Access Article
157 - Evaluation Morphological Characteristics and Mineral Nutrients Content of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Affected Soil Application of Nitrogen and Iron Fertilizers
Ezatollah Esfandiari Majid Abdoli Rana Taheri -
Open Access Article
158 - Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth Parameters and Essential Oil of Iranian Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Jalil Dehghan Samani Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti Fatemeh Malekpoor -
Open Access Article
159 - Assessment Effect of Silicon on Physiological and Biochemical Traits of Corn (Zea mays L.) Under Salinity Stress Conditions
Afsaneh Bolbol Sharifloo Mojtaba Yousefi Rad -
Open Access Article
160 - Response of Phenological, Morphological Traits and Crop Production to Apply Different Level of Azospirillum and Azotobacter of Maize Genotypes
Abbas soleymanifard -
Open Access Article
161 - Feasibility Study on Reducing Lead and Cadmium Absorption in Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) With Using Active Carbon
Solmaz Divani Farzad Paknejad Hossein Ghafourian Mojtaba Alavifazel Mohammad Reza Ardakani -
Open Access Article
162 - How Does Immersion of saffron Corm in Some Hormones and Humic Acid Affect the Morphological Characteristics of Plant under Salinity Stress
Saeed Moradizadeh Hossein Ali Asadi-Gharneh Mohammad Reza Naderi Darbaghshahi -
Open Access Article
163 - Response of Seed Yield, Its Components, Chlorophyll Content and Proline Concentration of Mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) To Apply Sulphate Potassium Fertilizer under Salinity Stress Situation
Fatemeh Jahan Ahmadi Mani Mojadam -
Open Access Article
164 - Assess Yield and Physiological Parameters of Lettuce Affected Different Types and Amounts of Some Organic Wastes
Somaieh Afsari Yeganeh Ahmad Golchin Mojtaba Delshad Vahid Abdossi -
Open Access Article
165 - Assessment Effect of Vermicompost on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) Under Different Irrigation Regime
Mostafa Chaharlang Alireza Shokuhfar -
Open Access Article
166 - Yield and Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Analyzes in Different Planting Dates of Canola (Brassica napus L.) under Warm and Dry Climate Condition
Abdolamir Rahnama Alireza Jafarnejadi Mohammad Khayat -
Open Access Article
167 - Study Effect of Supplemental Nutrition on Yield, Yield Components and Grain Protein Content of Wheat Cultivars under Drain Water Irrigation
Sardar Pasha Mojtaba Alavifazel Alireza Jafarnejadi Shahram Lack Mani Mojaddam -
Open Access Article
168 - Response of Growth Indices to Copper Foliar Application at Different Growth Stages of Cowpea
Shahram Ashabi Mohamad Reza Dadnia -
Open Access Article
169 - Influence of Potassium Foliar Application on Cotton Yield (Gossypium barbadense L.) under Saline Condition
Ali Asghar Koshki Mohammad Armin -
Open Access Article
170 - Investigation Germination Characteristics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Chamran) in Response to Seed Aging
Razieh Danaiee Far Mehran Sharafizade -
Open Access Article
171 - Response of Fresh Forage, Dry Matter and Yield Components of Sorghum to Different level of Nitrogen and Cutting Height
Zahra Gholiporkahyash Mojtaba Alavifazel Mohammad Reza Dadnia -
Open Access Article
172 - Response of Crop Production of Wheat Cultivars to Combined Effect of Sulfur and Sulfofertilizer1
Seyedeh Kobra Hatami -
Open Access Article
173 - Determination of Soil Aggregate Stability in Different Types and Amounts of Organic Matter in Khuzestan Plain, Iran
Mohiaddin Goosheh Mohammad Khayat -
Open Access Article
174 - Agro-Physiological Traits of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Agria) Affected Different Rate of Zeolite and Triple Super Phosphate
Hamid Madani Masoud Gomarian Seid Rasol Mohammadi Hosseini -
Open Access Article
175 - Assessment Regression Relation between Wheat Seed Germination Characteristics Affected Sodium Hypochlorite (NaClO)
Mohammad Khayat -
Open Access Article
176 - Assess Correlation between Traits Affected Different level of Nitrogen Fertilizer (Urea Source) and Interval between Irrigation Round of Sorghum
Bahareh Jahangiri Mojtaba Alavifazel Mohamad Reza Dadnia -
Open Access Article
177 - تحلیل ترک در ارتباط با پایداری سدهای وزنیبتنی با استفاده از نرمافزار CADAM (مطالعه موردی: سد تنظیمی دز)
علی بهشتی حسن کیامنشمطالعه حاظر به بررسی تنش و تحلیل ترک در سدهای ­وزنی-بتنی تحت شتاب­ ثابت حاصل از زمین­لرزه در راستای افقی و زلزله­های القایی تولید شده از جانب مخزن سد پرداخته است. این تحلیل با استفاده از نرم­افزارCADAM انجام شد. هدف اصلی از محاسبات تنش، تعیین Moreمطالعه حاظر به بررسی تنش و تحلیل ترک در سدهای ­وزنی-بتنی تحت شتاب­ ثابت حاصل از زمین­لرزه در راستای افقی و زلزله­های القایی تولید شده از جانب مخزن سد پرداخته است. این تحلیل با استفاده از نرم­افزارCADAM انجام شد. هدف اصلی از محاسبات تنش، تعیین میزان کشش طول شکاف می­باشد که بر اثر نیروهای اینرسی موجود در سد ایجاد می­شوند و تأثیر این تنش­ها بر پایداری سد بتنی می­باشد. نرمافزار CADAM در سال 2003 در دانشگاه مونترال و برای تحلیل سدهای بتنی در حالات مختلف طراحی شده است. در این مقاله به تحلیل شکاف و تأثیر آن بر پایداری سد وزنی­بتنی با بیشینه زلزله g28/0 پرداخته شد و نتایج آن در هر درز اجرایی به صورت مجزا مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. در تمامی درزها حداقل ضریب ایمنی در برابر پایداری (حداقل 3/1) حاصل شد. با مشاهده جداول نتایج می­توان به این نتیجه رسید که پایداری سد تنظیمیدز برای شتاب زلزله افقی معادل g 28/0 مناسب بوده هر چند ترک­هایی در بدنه سد بوجود می­آید اما باعث خرابی سد نمی­شوند و تمامی پارامترهای بدست آمده در حالت زلزله و حالت عادی قابل قبول می­باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - مسیریابی خطوط لوله در سیستم های انتقال آب (از سد طالقان تا شهر جدید هشتگرد) با کاربرد و مقایسه روش های تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و شبکهای
سعید قره حسن لو مهدی عربی حمید قره حسن لوتعیین مسیر بهینه خط لوله که در آن ملاحظات فنی ومهندسی، اقتصادی و زیست محیطی اعمال شده باشد؛ نیاز به تکنیک­هایی داردکه پارامترهای موثر در تعیین مسیر را به­طور توام در نظر بگیرند. در این پژوهش از سد طالقان تا شهر جدید هشتگرد ابتدا پارامترهای موثر در تعیین مسیر وضع Moreتعیین مسیر بهینه خط لوله که در آن ملاحظات فنی ومهندسی، اقتصادی و زیست محیطی اعمال شده باشد؛ نیاز به تکنیک­هایی داردکه پارامترهای موثر در تعیین مسیر را به­طور توام در نظر بگیرند. در این پژوهش از سد طالقان تا شهر جدید هشتگرد ابتدا پارامترهای موثر در تعیین مسیر وضعیت توپوگرافی (شیب، ارتفاع)، پوشش­گیاهی، کاربری ­اراضی، تراکم جمعیت، طول خط لوله، رودخانه و جاده، نواحی و مکان­های مهم، سکونتگاه­ها، نواحی حساس زیست­محیطی و مراکز مذهبی- فرهنگی تعیین، و با کاربرد نقشه­های پایه و استخراج مکان هندسی نقاط مورد نظر از Google Earth، اقدام به عملیات میدانی پیمایش و برداشت اطلاعات زمینی شد. پس از آن اطلاعات لایه­های مربوط به پارامترهای مورد نظر در محیط GIS بارگذاری و پس از اعمال وزن­دهی­های خاص، عملیات تولید نقشه هزینه بر اساس فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی ارزش­گذاری، ترکیب و نهایتاً مسیر بهینه با استفاده از الگوریتم کمترین هزینه تعیین گردید. نهایتاً مسیرها شامل: مسیر آبفا و مسیر بهینه تعیین شده، با هم مقایسه شدند. مقایسه مسیر بهینه تعیین شده با استفاده از نرم­افزارهای ArcGIS و ادریسی نشان می­دهد دو مسیر بر هم منطبق هستند و مقایسه هزینه این مسیر با مسیر آبفا، 14 درصد کاهش هزینه را نشان می­دهد که عمده هزینه اضافی مسیر آبفا ناشی از تقاطع بیشتر با رودخانه و جاده، عبور از نواحی غیر مجاز، عبور از کاربری­های مختلف با هزینه بالاتر و نهایتاً افزایش طول خط لوله است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - Determination of the optimum weight of the 500-ml serum bottle using the k2 design of experimental (Case Study: Samen Pharmaceutical Co.)
Behnam Bayani Rad Hamideh Razavi Haniye Farahmand ali hadianfarIn industrial and manufacturing processes, there are several input factors in different levels, which may affect the final product characteristics. The design of experimental method, as one of the new quality improvement methods identifies the most important effective f MoreIn industrial and manufacturing processes, there are several input factors in different levels, which may affect the final product characteristics. The design of experimental method, as one of the new quality improvement methods identifies the most important effective factors factors on product quality by experimental design and adjusts its optimal levels. The purpose of this study was determination of the optimum weight of the 500-ml serum bottle using the 2k design of experimental, so that, if thicker, it would increase the consumption of the primary substance of P.P. And losses, and if it is used less than standard, it will cause deformation of the body and loss of the product. Because the serum production process faces some inevitable waste but subsequent changes in weight cause the consumption control not be properly performed, so after determining the weight the standard of the serum the conditions of the machine must be checked, it is possible to approach the production with a standard weight and the normal waste is under control. In this study, we tried to identify the factors affecting the weight of the serum bottle using 2k experimental design. After analyzing and evaluating the adequacy of the model, the results of analysis of variance and main effects graphs showed that the timing of cycle, the temperature of the heaters and the extruder circle had the most direct effect on the weight of the bottle. By controlling these factors, we can determine the weight fluctuations reduced the bottle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - Decision models for evaluation and selection of suppliers in the presence of cardinal and ordinal data, weight restrictions, and non-discretionary factors: An approach based on DEA with double frontiers
Hossein Azizi Rasul JahedSelection of suppliers for outsourcing is now one of the most important decisions of the purchasing ‎department. These decisions constitute an important part of the production and logistics ‎management in many firms. On the other hand, suppliers can be evaluated MoreSelection of suppliers for outsourcing is now one of the most important decisions of the purchasing ‎department. These decisions constitute an important part of the production and logistics ‎management in many firms. On the other hand, suppliers can be evaluated and selected from ‎optimistic and pessimistic perspectives. There is an argument that both points of view must be ‎considered simultaneously, and any approach that considers only one perspective is biased. This ‎paper proposes a new “data envelopment analysis (DEA) with double frontiers” approach for ‎evaluation and selection of suppliers. The DEA with double frontiers approach can identify the best ‎supplier in the presence of weight restrictions, non-discretionary factors, and cardinal and ordinal ‎data. This paper proposes to integrate both efficiencies in the form of a geometric mean efficiency ‎that measures the overall performance of each supplier. It is shown that geometric mean efficiency ‎has more discriminative power than any of the optimistic and pessimistic efficiencies. A numerical ‎example illustrates the application of the proposed method.‎ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
181 - Evaluating the Energy Efficiency of the Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Province Industries
Vahide Rezaie Samad Nejatian Masumeh KhanmohammadiNowadays, human looks to tread a path towards optimized using of available resources, Therefore, due to the limitations of capital, time, location, energy, and so on, managers have sought scientific methods from the beginning to make the most of these constraints. one o MoreNowadays, human looks to tread a path towards optimized using of available resources, Therefore, due to the limitations of capital, time, location, energy, and so on, managers have sought scientific methods from the beginning to make the most of these constraints. one of the most important ways to achieve optimization is evaluating the performance of the Decision Making Units. The gool of this work is to evaluate the energy consumption in the Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahamd province industry considering the industries with 10 and more employees. As in the calculating of the energy efficiency, several outputs and inputs must be considered in form of the productiion function theory, the data envelopment analysis is used to calculate the energy efficiency in the industrial units. Then the results of the energy efficiency, existing barriers and the practical consideration will be explaiend. The results of the efficiency model show that the most important factor of the inefficiency of the province's industry is the large population of job seekers and is the lack of optimal utilization of the workforce in the province's industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - A Survey on Measuring Customers Satisfaction by Using Group Decision Making and Ftopsis Technique (Case Study: Parsparnd Hayan Company)
Ali-Akbar Farhangi Mahmmud Lotfi Bahare KarbasianAbstract In today’s world, successful organizations will be able to meet its customer satisfaction because customers are the most important assets. This paper tends to use the group decision-making and fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making techniques to rank the c MoreAbstract In today’s world, successful organizations will be able to meet its customer satisfaction because customers are the most important assets. This paper tends to use the group decision-making and fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making techniques to rank the customer’s satisfaction factors. In this respect, the Delphi technique with a fuzzy Likert scale is used as suitable methods for preparing a questionnaire to identify criteria and indicators. The results indicate that the effective metrics for ranking fuzzy TOPSIS technique leads to acting customer’s satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
183 - Identifying and Prioritizing of the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) of Knowledge Management by Using SAW & FAHP
Elmira Rahimi Majid Bagherzadeh KhajehIn the knowledge-based age, knowledge is regarded as a competitive advantage which should be managed in a proper manner for an accurate use. The first step to implement a system is to identify the key factors. During designation and implementation of knowledge managemen MoreIn the knowledge-based age, knowledge is regarded as a competitive advantage which should be managed in a proper manner for an accurate use. The first step to implement a system is to identify the key factors. During designation and implementation of knowledge management, a series of factors exist which play a more vital role and they lead to facilitation and acceleration of the implementation process of the system by focusing on the main axes. This research is conducted in order to identify and prioritize the critical success factors (CSFs) of knowledge management. The statistical population consisted of managers and experts of Tabriz Oil Refinery which is equal to 30 persons. As the statistical population number is limited, there is no need for sampling and the whole population was surveyed. For data collection, two questionnaires were employed, the reliability and validity of questionnaires were assessed by experts’ reviews, opinions, and Cronbach test. For identifying the factors effective on the success of knowledge management T-test was performed. According to the findings and results, four critical success factors were identified, including management practices, organization efforts and development, information technology and supply and adoption rate. With regard to the simple Additive Weighting Method (SAW), the ranking of afore-mentioned factors are as follows: management practices, organizational efforts, supply, and adoption rate and IT. And with regard to the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP), the ranking of these factors are as follows: management practices, organizational efforts, IT and supply, and adoption rate. In addition to the importance of knowledge management, we can refer to the identification of gaps in organization's knowledge, higher productivity of human capital; provide more value-added goods, the satisfaction of customers and employees, strengthening competitive position. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
184 - 1. The intensity order of resistance training (Low to high vs. high to low) does not have effect on obestatin and ghrelin changes in obese women
Kamal Azizbeigi Niusha HasaniAim: Exercise training (ET) may affect appetite-regulating factors. The purpose of current study was to investigate the effect of order of resistance training (RT) on ghrelin and obstatin hormones changes in obese women. Methods: For this purpose, 30 obese female subjec MoreAim: Exercise training (ET) may affect appetite-regulating factors. The purpose of current study was to investigate the effect of order of resistance training (RT) on ghrelin and obstatin hormones changes in obese women. Methods: For this purpose, 30 obese female subjects voluntarily participated in the present study and were randomly assigned to three resistance training: pyramid (Low to high; n=10), Oxford (high to low; n=10) and control (n=10).RT was performed in three non-consecutive sessions per week for eight weeks.Before starting the exercise training program, and 72 hours after the last training session, blood sampling was gathered and the ghrelin and obstatin hormones concentration in plasma were measured. Also, changes in body fat percentage (BF %) were measured by skinfold test. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between pyramid and Oxford RT in the ghrelin and obstatin in the interaction between the effect of time (exercise) (p>0.05). Conclusion: Finally, it can be said that intensity order of resistance training as form pyramid and Oxford is not effective on appetite regulating hormones. This issue can be used in the designing of resistance exercise program and weight control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - The effect of four weeks of high-intensity interval training with different volumes on IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP in overweight and obese young girls.
rasoul dokhtabdiyan azizeh ahmadiThe purpose of this study is to compare the effect of four weeks of high-intensity interval training with different volumes on IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP in overweight and obese young girls. 24 girls (BMI>25 kg/m) were randomly placed in three groups: HIIT1 group ( MoreThe purpose of this study is to compare the effect of four weeks of high-intensity interval training with different volumes on IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP in overweight and obese young girls. 24 girls (BMI>25 kg/m) were randomly placed in three groups: HIIT1 group (n=8), HIIT2 group (n=8) and control group (n=8). HIIT1 group performed four sets of 30 seconds of running with an intensity of 19-20 RPE, two minutes of rest between sets in each session. HIIT2 group performed four sets of 60 seconds of running with the same intensity and four minutes of rest between sets. training was performed three sessions a week for four weeks. Blood samples were evaluated to measure serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP 48 hours before and 48 hours after training. To analyze the data . Mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used at a significant level (P<0.05). hs-CRP level significantly increased only in the HIIT2 group (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the groups (p=0.377). The IL-6 significantly decreased only in the HIIT2 group (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed only between the HIIT2 group and the control group (p=0.031). The mean of TNF-α showed a significant decrease only in the HIIT2 group (p<0.05). a significant difference was observed between the HIIT2 group and the control group (p=0.042). It seems that medium-term HIIT training reduces inflammatory indicators (IL-6, TNF-α) compared to short-term and probably has a role in reducing the incidence of heart and metabolic diseases in these people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - The effect of 12 weeks of bodyweight training on neurotrophic factors of children with hypotonic cerebral palsy
leila Akbarifard farzad zehsaz Sajad Anoushirvani Akbar MoeinThe aim of the present study is to determine the effect of 12 weeks of bodyweight training on neurotrophic factors in children with hypotonic cerebral palsy. 20 children with hypotonic cerebral palsy with an average age of 8 to 12 years were selected and placed in two g MoreThe aim of the present study is to determine the effect of 12 weeks of bodyweight training on neurotrophic factors in children with hypotonic cerebral palsy. 20 children with hypotonic cerebral palsy with an average age of 8 to 12 years were selected and placed in two groups of body weight training (n=10) and control group (n=10). Subjects of the Bodyweight group performed exercises that included basic strength, maximum strength and high-intensity interval training for 12 weeks and three sessions a week. The training intensity was 25% 1RM in the first to third week, 50% in the fourth to sixth week, 75% in the seventh to ninth week, and 100% in the tenth to twelfth week. Blood samples were taken 24 hours before and 24 hours after the last training session. To analyze the data, independent t-tests were used to survey the inter-group difference and correlated t-test to survey the intra-group difference at a significant level (P<0.05). The results of data analysis showed a significant increase in the levels of neurotrophin factors (BDNF, NGF, IGF-1) in the body weight training group. Due to their structure, Bodyweight exercises can be easily used by children with hypotonic cerebral palsy. It seems that these exercises improve the skeletal muscle tissue in these children by increasing the levels of neurotrophic factors, and by slowing down the atrophy process and reducing the muscle tissue, it improves their movement and posture disorders and balance problems. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - Presenting a model of effective factors on managing the prevalence of obesity among students
yasaman ahmadi rahim ramezani nezhad mohammad javad ziyaThe current study aimed to propose a model of the factors that influenced the management of the prevalence of obesity among students. It was a descriptive-survey study in terms of purpose and was conducted as an applied field study. The population included all teachers MoreThe current study aimed to propose a model of the factors that influenced the management of the prevalence of obesity among students. It was a descriptive-survey study in terms of purpose and was conducted as an applied field study. The population included all teachers of physical education in Guilan Province, Iran (N=853).The participants required for the sample(100 teachers) were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the model proposed by Dowson and Breech that contained items designed according to the 5-point Likert scale. Fifteen professors and experts in the field of physical education investigated and confirmed the face and content validity of the questionnaire. Moreover, the Cronbach’s Alpha reliability of the questionnaire was determined at α=0.84, and its construct (exploratory and confirmatory) validity was investigated and confirmed. Data analysis was conducted using Structured Equation Modeling in PLS3. According to the results of the Freidman test, social-school factors(2.82), parents’ lifestyles (1.91),and students’ characteristics (1.26)had the highest priorities, respectively. Social-school factors, students’ characteristics, and parents’ lifestyles explained 43%, 26%, and 23% of the changes in weight control and obesity, respectively; thus, policymakers and planners in the field of education, headmasters, and physical education teachers can optimally implement social-school factors according to students’ characteristics and adopt plans and strategies to focus on teaching and promoting healthy and dynamic lifestyles among students’ parents so that they may have more successful performance in managing the prevalence of obesity among the students of each climate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - Artificial Neural Networks Models for Rate of Penetration Prediction in Rock Drilling
Naser Ebadati‎ Mehrab ‎ AziziBased on field data, there are various methods to reduce the cost of drilling wells. One of these methods is to optimize the drilling parameters to obtain the maximum rate of penetration (ROP). Many parameters affect ROP. The main purpose of this research is the use of MoreBased on field data, there are various methods to reduce the cost of drilling wells. One of these methods is to optimize the drilling parameters to obtain the maximum rate of penetration (ROP). Many parameters affect ROP. The main purpose of this research is the use of smart networks for the penetration rate of drilling, for this purpose, well input data including drilling depth, duration of the drilling operation, speed of rotation of the drill, weight on the drill, weight and volume of drilling mud as input data. And the drilling penetration rate was prepared as output data from one of the fields located in the Persian Gulf. 70% of data is allocated for network training, 15% of data for validation and 15% of data for sensitivity analysis. According to the obtained results, it was found that using this tool, a good relationship with the total regression coefficient (0.96) is obtained for predicting the penetration rate using a neural network. Also, by repeating the calculations in repetition 12, the best value was obtained, which is equal to 14.24. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - An Environmental Investigation into Poldokhtar Landfill and Site Selection of Landfill using Weighted Linear Combination (WLC)
Siamak Baharvand Salman SoriThe determination of municipal waste landfill is a major issue in the process of urban planning due to the huge impact it has on the economy, ecology and environment of any region. In the process of determining municipal waste landfill, attempt is made to consider sites MoreThe determination of municipal waste landfill is a major issue in the process of urban planning due to the huge impact it has on the economy, ecology and environment of any region. In the process of determining municipal waste landfill, attempt is made to consider sites with minimum risks for the environment and human health as well. This study aimed to have an environmental evaluation and determination of municipal waste landfill in Poldokhtar using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Weighted Linear Combination (WLC). For this purpose, the current landfill was first assessed in terms of the environment. The results of the evaluation show that the biochemical and chemical activities are very high in the desired site. Therefore, paying special attention to the environmental impacts of the current landfill is of great significance. Then, the map for the site selection of Poldokhtar’s landfill was prepared based on investigating and assessing 10 parameters including the distance from city, village, drainage, rainfall, major and minor roads, lithology, landuse, slope and elevation,. According to the results obtained from the map for the site selection of landfill, 11.33%, 20.51%, 25.94%, 22.65% and 19.56% of the site area are located in the very unsuitable, unsuitable, moderate, suitable and the best suitable area, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Risk assessment of pollution accidents in dam reservoirs, Using WRASTIC Model (Case study: Shafarood Dam, Guilan, Iran)
Hamed Hassanpour Kourandeh Ebrahim FataeiNowadays, important parts of water requirements for various sectors of agricultural, potable and industrial aresupplied from surface water resources. Population growth and civilization and also, industrial and agriculturaldevelopments increased the risk of water resourc MoreNowadays, important parts of water requirements for various sectors of agricultural, potable and industrial aresupplied from surface water resources. Population growth and civilization and also, industrial and agriculturaldevelopments increased the risk of water resources pollution. So, application of appropriate methods for themanagement of surface water quality seems necessary to consider. In this research, the risk of Shafarood damwhich is located in Guilan(northern Iranian province) was examined in the phase. In this study according to thehydrologic characteristics of the basin, potential of its pollution acceptance against contaminants were zoning.For this purpose, WRASTIC model and GIS were used. Required data for this model were collected by threeresearch methods of surveys, studies, and documents and use of experts opinions. So at the beginning, the fieldstudies were performed for identification of the study area. The next step was identification of pollutionresources influencing on Shafarood dam basin. The identified pollution resources were recorded by GPS, then,the pollution resources map was prepared by GIS software. Finally, the risk value of pollution resources wascalculated by WRASTIC model and according to major indicators, extent of the area and land usage. The riskvalue obtained from model calculations showed the moderate to high risk level caused by human and naturalactivities at this hydrological environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - Investigation of immediate roof’s GSI variations effects on periodic roof weighting interval of underground coal mines By Numerical method
اصغر Nourozi کاظم Ouroei مهرداد Javadi کامران GoshtasbiNowadays, the longwall mining method is one of the most usage methods in coal mining. Estimating of periodic roof weighting interval in longwall methods is one of the most importantparameters in safety and success of coal mines production. Because, selecting of a length MoreNowadays, the longwall mining method is one of the most usage methods in coal mining. Estimating of periodic roof weighting interval in longwall methods is one of the most importantparameters in safety and success of coal mines production. Because, selecting of a lengths lessthan real size can hazard the miners’ life by electing a weak support system and also selectingthe lengths more than real size constrain further costs to mine. In other hand, discontinuitiesof roof have negative effects to stability of immediate roof. In this research, equation betweenperiodic roof weighting interval and GSI variations is extracted by numerical modeling. Toevaluating this equation, the roof weighting interval of ten coal mines of India is considered.The results show that, the roof weighting interval of India’s coal mines and the results of thisequation are properly same together. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Evaluation of ecological potential in Dayer Nakhiloo National Park through weighted linear combination method
fatemeh Razavian بهنوش KHoshmaneshThe ecological potential assessment of land as one of the guidelines for moving towards sustainable developmentis looking for assessing land latent capacity with standards and preplanned criteria. Identifying and assessing theecological characteristics of each region ar MoreThe ecological potential assessment of land as one of the guidelines for moving towards sustainable developmentis looking for assessing land latent capacity with standards and preplanned criteria. Identifying and assessing theecological characteristics of each region are, guidelines for a development in tune with nature. And in this way,the nature itself clarifies acceptable developmental capacity. In this study, Dayer Nakhiloo national marine parkwhich covers an area of 202.34 square kilometers in the East of Bushehr has been selected and afteridentification of environmental resources and map preparation by using multi criteria decision making methodsand taking advantage of the geographical information system (GIS), overlaying maps, appropriate areas forintensive and extensive recreation were identified. Then, according to the economic development of the regionand due to the sensitive and protected zones within the study area, final zoning was made. The results haveshown about 21.47% of the area (43.3 square kilometers) is appropriate for protection and 67.52 percent (136.16km2) is suitable for extensive recreation zone, besides about 11 percent (including 22.19 sq km) is dedicated tointensive recreations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - Investigating spatial heterogeneity by Implementing the mgwr python package, a case study: southwestern of Tehran Plain
Ali Soleymani Parham PahlavaniLand Subsidence often causes irreversible damage to infrastructures and costs lots of expenses for governments annually; Hence, studying and monitoring subsidence in either plains or urban areas has become necessary in last decades. Studies have introduced excessive dep MoreLand Subsidence often causes irreversible damage to infrastructures and costs lots of expenses for governments annually; Hence, studying and monitoring subsidence in either plains or urban areas has become necessary in last decades. Studies have introduced excessive depletion of aquitards as the dominant factor in the occurrence of this hazard. In this study, the main aim was to take the impact of other spatial factors involving land subsidence into consideration. To devise a plan whether to pause or reduce the subsidence rate, we need to understand the mechanism of each factor inducing land subsidence. Here, we show the outcomes of a Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) method with a fixed Gaussian kernel to identify the impact of each of the spatial factors inducing subsidence compared with the results from a Multi Linear Regression (MLR). In this regard, outputs of a compiled Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) time series analysis of the 15 Envisat ASAR images consumed to capture displacement from 2003 to 2005. Afterward, a kriging interpolation method is implemented to generate a surface of subsidence. The Python package "mgwr" is used to compile both GWR and MLR models. Several statistical diagnostics are performed to assert the GWR superiority over other non-geographical methods when dealing with spatial data. Finally, the GWR results show that just six factors out of 10 tend to be the dominant factors Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - Investigation of the percentage of vegetation changes using satellite images (A Khuzestan region study)
Sara Shirzad Babak Maghsoudi Damavandi Hamed PiriIn general, from ancient times to the present, there are various methods for collecting location-based data, including astronomical observations, photogrammetry, mapping and remote sensing. Remote sensing is one of the data collection methods in which it has the least a MoreIn general, from ancient times to the present, there are various methods for collecting location-based data, including astronomical observations, photogrammetry, mapping and remote sensing. Remote sensing is one of the data collection methods in which it has the least amount of direct contact with the objects and features being measured and unlike other methods in which human factors play a role in collecting and interpreting terrestrial data, in remote sensing method the task of collecting information will be the responsibility of the sensors. Due to the over-exploitation of natural resources, the landscape is constantly changing and monitoring these changes as well as updating maps is costly and time consuming, so many developed countries now have to prepare maps in Different levels use satellite data. The factors studied in this research include 1 preparation of land cover maps and land use of a part of Khuzestan lands. 2 Evaluation of bio-ecological potential in agricultural development of the study area by weighted overlap method. With regard to collecting information, studying the obtained maps and calculations, determining the criteria, final weights and classification of layers in determining the potential of the region for agricultural use, the amount of changes in agricultural areas between 2014 and 2016 was determined. According to calculations, it is about twelve percent, which according to the changes that have taken place are very significant and show the intensity of the changes in recent years. Loss of vegetation is a factor in increasing wind speed and destroying soil texture and structure. It is also a cause of dust, the result of which can be seen in recent years. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - Brownfield land use change modeling using GIS-based Weights-of-Evidence approach
Saleh AbdullahiFast and unorganized urban development increases the number of abandoned lands and brownfields within the cities. Revitalization of these lands is one of the key factors to achieve urban sustainability. Most researches on this field have mainly considered a single brown MoreFast and unorganized urban development increases the number of abandoned lands and brownfields within the cities. Revitalization of these lands is one of the key factors to achieve urban sustainability. Most researches on this field have mainly considered a single brownfield site for redevelopment on the bases of local neighborhood demand and characteristics. The current paper proposes a brownfields land use change modeling process in a larger scale perspectives rather than local aspects. The proposed model is a statistical-based weights-of-evidence (WoE) approach in the GIS environment. The changes probability of brownfield sites of the Qazvin city to residential land use was predicted using several urban development parameters. Next, the predicted map was aggregated with the existing brownfields map in order to evaluate by Master Plan of the Qazvin city. In this manner, existing brownfield sites are projected according to planning strategies. Results indicate that according to potential and suitability of the site and neighborhood properties, each brownfield can serve the community as single or mixture of several land use types. The advantage of this model is that, due to utilization of the standard urban parameters as well as statistical based methodology, by considering more number of land use types this process can be easily replicated in other cities for brownfields redevelopment. It is concluded that the application of land use change modeling techniques in GIS environment can provide a strong tool for brownfields redevelopment planning and strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - Object-Based Classification by using Hierarchical Segmentation and Weighted Genetic Algorithm
Davood AkbariHyperspectral imaging concerns measurement and interpretation of spectral imagery acquired by satellite, airborne, terrestrial, or laboratory sensors over visible, infrared and sometime thermal spectral regions of electromagnetic spectrum. There are two major approaches MoreHyperspectral imaging concerns measurement and interpretation of spectral imagery acquired by satellite, airborne, terrestrial, or laboratory sensors over visible, infrared and sometime thermal spectral regions of electromagnetic spectrum. There are two major approaches for classification of hyperspectral images: the spectral or pixel-based techniques, and the spectral-spatial or object-based techniques. Recently, an effective approach for spectral-spatial classification has been proposed using Hierarchical SEGmentation (HSEG) grown form automatically selected markers. This paper aims at improving this approach for classification of hyperspectral images in urban areas. The Weighted Genetic (WG) algorithm is first used to obtain the subspace of hyperspectral data. The obtained features are then fed into the marker-based HSEG algorithm. Then, the contextual features from segmented images are extracted. For spatial features, area, entropy, shape, adjacency and relation features are considered as the potential components in feature space. Finally, using both spectral and spatial features, the image objects are classified by a rule-based classifier. The experimental tests are applied to two datasets: the Berlin, and Quebec City, which are two known and benchmark datasets in hyperspectral imagery. The evaluation of results showed that the proposed approach achieves approximately 16% and 9% better overall accuracy than the Original-HSEG algorithm for these datasets respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Predicting the vulnerability of oil spill in the Persian Gulf using artificial intelligence methods in the GIS
Mobin Eftekhari seyed ahmad eslamnezhad Abbas Ali Ghezelsofloo Melika RastgooThe Persian Gulf contains a significant part of the world's oil reserves. Generally, oil spill is one of the main pollutions in this region. Determining the degree of sensitivity of coastal areas to this type of pollution is the first step to control and prevent oil pol MoreThe Persian Gulf contains a significant part of the world's oil reserves. Generally, oil spill is one of the main pollutions in this region. Determining the degree of sensitivity of coastal areas to this type of pollution is the first step to control and prevent oil pollution. The aim of this research is to predict the vulnerability of oil spill in the Persian Gulf. Therefore, in this research the criteria of oil pipelines, oil platforms, shipping lanes, ports, heavy metals, water level fluctuations, rainfall, sea currents, air pollution and monsoons were used to determine the high-risk areas vulnerable to oil in the Persian Gulf. The innovation of the current research is to provide a new hybrid approach to determine the effective vulnerability criteria of the Persian Gulf. In this regard, the combination of geographic weighted regression (Gaussian and triple cubic kernels) and particle swarm optimization algorithm were used. The proposed hybrid method is suitable for spatial regression problems because it is compatible with two unique properties of spatial data, namely spatial autocorrelation and spatial non-stationary. The values of R2 and RMSE obtained from the GWR method with the triple cube kernel were 0.9971 and 0.2142, respectively, which indicates the high consistency of the triple cube kernel compared to the Gaussian kernel. Also, the obtained results showed that oil transfer pipes, oil platforms and the passage of oil tankers have a significant impact on the vulnerability of the Persian Gulf. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - Effect of Resveratrol Supplementation on Changes of Inflammatory Profile in Response to One Bout of Exhaustive Exercise in Sedentary Young Overweight Men
mehdi salemi Najmeh RezaeianIntroduction: Nesfatin-1 and Apelin as two inflammatory adipocytokines affected by various stresses, including exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 14 days of resveratrol supplementation on changes in serum levels of Apelin and nesfatin-1 MoreIntroduction: Nesfatin-1 and Apelin as two inflammatory adipocytokines affected by various stresses, including exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 14 days of resveratrol supplementation on changes in serum levels of Apelin and nesfatin-1 in response to one bout of exhaustive exercise in young sedentary overweight men. Methods: 20 young sedentary overweight men (mean aged= 35.7±3.26 years, BMI= 28.73±1.18 kg/m2) selected and randomly divided into two groups (experimental and control). Subjects in both experimental and control groups participated in one bout of exhaustive exercise (Bruce Test). Then, subjects in experimental group (supplementation) consumed one capsule of 400-mg resveratrol per day for 14 days. In control group (placebo), subject consumed one capsule of 400-mg lactose per day for 14 days. First blood sample was taken before the study and second one was done immediately after Bruce test. At the fifteenth day and at the end of 14 days of supplementation, subjects in both groups perform the exhaustive exercise again and forth blood sample was taken immediately following their performance. According to t-test, in the experimental group and following supplementation, changes in serum levels of Nesfatin-1 were significant in response to one bout of exhaustive exercise. However, following supplementation, there were significant differences between mean changes of Apelin levels in response to one bout of exhaustive exercise in experimental group compared to control group. According to Pearson correlation, there existed significant correlations between primary levels of Nesfatin-1 and primary values of body weight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - The effect of eight weeks of water-based training on myonectin serum level, Lipid profile and fat percentage in overweight and obese women
Sadegh Cheragh Birjandi Sara Asghari katayoon aziziAbstractBackground and Aims: Myonectin is a newly known myokine that is secreted from skeletal muscle and is related to the metabolic status of the body, The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of water-based training on myonectin serum MoreAbstractBackground and Aims: Myonectin is a newly known myokine that is secreted from skeletal muscle and is related to the metabolic status of the body, The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of water-based training on myonectin serum level, lipid profile and fat percentage in overweight and obese women.Methods: 20 obese and overweight women with an average age of 22.5 years and an average body mass index of 26.48 kg/m2 were randomly selected and then divided into experimental (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The exercise group did their exercises for eight weeks (three sessions per week), each exercise session was 60 minutes and included three stages. 24 hours before the first training session and 48 hours after the last session, blood sampling from the brachial vein was taken (10 ml) from the subjects in the condition of 12 hours of fasting. Statistical analysis was done at the significance level of P≤0.05 with SPSS software.Results: Data analysis showed that eight weeks of water-based training increased the serum levels of myonectin (p=0.037) and HDL (p=0.028) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Also, the amount of cholesterol (p=0.000) and triglyceride (P=0.001) decreased significantly in the experimental group, but the difference in LDL index after eight weeks of training between the two groups was not significant (P=0.131).Conclusion: Therefore, it seems that water-based training can be effective and used for overweight and obese women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - Introducing a Lightweight Structural Model via Simulation of Vernacular “Pa Tu Pa” Arch
Esmail Zarghami Hossein Bagheri Mohsen Vafamehr Bagher Hosseini -
Open Access Article
201 - Green Space Suitability Analysis Using Evolutionary Algorithm and Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) Method
Elham yousefi Esmail Salehi Seyed Hamid Zahiri Ahmadreza yavari -
Open Access Article
202 - Weighted-HR: an Improved Hierarchical Grid Resource Discovery
Mohammad mehdi Gilanian sadeghi Mahdi MollaMotalebi -
Open Access Article
203 - Providing a Technique Based on Tree and Super-Peer Structures for Resource Discovery in Grid Environment
Behnam Norouzi Mahdi MollaMotalebi -
Open Access Article
204 - Weighted-HR: An Improved Hierarchical Grid Resource Discovery
Mahdi Mollamotalebi Mohammad Mehdi Gilanian Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
205 - Enhanced Comprehensive Learning Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimization with Fuzzy Inertia Weight (ECLCFPSO-IW)
Mojtaba Gholamian Mohammad Reza Meybodi -
Open Access Article
206 - Identifying and Ranking the Enablers in the Supply Chain Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Tools
Omid Mehri namakavarani Hossein Kazemi Farzin Rezaei reza Ehtesham rasiIn the present industrial environment of the country (Iran), the issue of supply chain is among the discussed topics. However, the supply chain in a company will only have a competitive power when having strong and competitive components and an ideal stability as well. MoreIn the present industrial environment of the country (Iran), the issue of supply chain is among the discussed topics. However, the supply chain in a company will only have a competitive power when having strong and competitive components and an ideal stability as well. The present research is mainly aimed at identifying and ranking the enablers in the smart supply chain through using multi-criteria decision-making tools. This research’s case study includes four Petrochemical companies, Nouri, Jam, Khark, and Pardis during the solar year 1400 (2021-2022). The importance of each of the aforementioned enablers in the smart supply chain was investigated according to the relevant questionnaires; given the ranking of the enablers’ importance in the smart supply chain and in accordance with the experts’ opinions, seven factors were chosen as the key enablers of the smart supply chain, including big data skills and knowledge, appropriate and feasibility studies to help choose and use big data techniques, product tracking and localization, transparency and visibility, electronic supply chain management, data transfer improvement, and effective and cost-effective development, as well as the weight of data integrity technology. At the next stage, these options’ performance in the realization of supply chain enablers was assessed. WASPAS method was the proposed technique to this end, based on which, Khark Petrochemical Company, Nouri Petrochemical Company, Pardis Petrochemical Company, and Jam Petrochemical Company were respectively introduced as the final ranking based on the relevant enabler indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
207 - Ranking and selecting traditional performance appraisal methods using a hybrid MCDM approach
Abteen Ijadi Maghsoodi Mohamad Khalilzade Ashkan HafezalkotobPerformance appraisal is one of the key factors in optimization and improvement of organizational processes. In present dynamic environment’s Human Resources are one of the main organizations valuable assets and performance evaluations of these great assets are to MorePerformance appraisal is one of the key factors in optimization and improvement of organizational processes. In present dynamic environment’s Human Resources are one of the main organizations valuable assets and performance evaluations of these great assets are to enhance their future value. Therefore, selection and implementation of specific performance appraisal method is of high importance. In this research, after selecting and ranking the most accurate Performance appraisal method with multiple criteria decision making techniques such as TOPSIS, Multi-MOORA and Entropy-weighted multi-MOORA methods, a comparison and analysis between Performance appraisal methods discussed. In order to select a specific method of performance appraisal, Characteristics and criterion of each method analyzed in the current literature review. A comparison between modern MCDM methods such as Multi-MOORA and traditional MCDM methods like TOPSIS and SAW takes place by analyzing the correlation between methods with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Subsequently, in current research by adopting MCDM methods ranking of popular performance appraisal due to the library research computed. Comparing traditional methods (i.e. TOPSIS and SAW) with Modern method such as multi-MOORA shows high correlation of approaches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - Proposing a Hybrid Model of Fuzzy Multi Attribute Decision Making for Prioritizing and Selecting Maintenance Strategies
Ali Mohtashami Mohamad Miri Asl The purpose of this paper to evaluate the preferred maintenance strategy is multi-criteria decision-making methods. For the purpose of decision making under uncertainty has been studied, So that all data is arranged in a triangular fuzzy number. In the proposed More The purpose of this paper to evaluate the preferred maintenance strategy is multi-criteria decision-making methods. For the purpose of decision making under uncertainty has been studied, So that all data is arranged in a triangular fuzzy number. In the proposed method of this paper, the weights are calculated Then Strategies and then taking measures with the fuzzy TOPSIS method, fuzzy vikor and Fuzzy Simple Additive Weighting rankings were. Then, taking into account the ranking obtained using these methods and techniques Copeland and Average Rating final ranking of strategies was calculated. In order to assess the performance of the model, a case study was carried out at Bid Boland Gas Refinery Co and Results obtained from the use of this method is presented in the target company. The results indicate that the model is an appropriate model for preventive maintenance strategy selecting. Finally, suggestions for future research are presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
209 - َA Multi-objective simulated annealing algorithm to solving flexible no-wait flowshop scheduling problems with transportation times
Bahman Naderi Hassan Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
210 - Sensitivity Analysis of Simple Additive Weighting Method (SAW): The Results of Change in the Weight of One Attribute on the Final Ranking of Alternatives
Azizollah Memariani Abbas Amini Alireza Alinezhad -
Open Access Article
211 - Fuzzy Programming for Parallel Machines Scheduling: Minimizing Weighted Tardiness/Earliness and Flow Time through Genetic Algorithm
Mohammad Asghari Samaneh Nezhadali -
Open Access Article
212 - Investigating properties of fresh and hardened self-compacting concrete made of recycled aggregates
Pouria Javadi Ali Delnavaz -
Open Access Article
213 - Numerical Solution of Seismic Wave Propagation Equation in Uniform Soil on Bed Rock with Weighted Residual Method
M.H. Jahangir -
Open Access Article
214 - Investigation of mechanical and durability properties of lightweight concrete containing Pumice
Amirmohammad Soleimani Seyed Amir Hossein Hashemi -
Open Access Article
215 - Investigating the effectiveness of regular sports activities on improving body image and reducing overeating behaviors in overweight students
Soodabeh Aghajani Maghsoud Faghirpour The research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of regular sports activities on improving body image and reducing overeating behaviors in overweight students. The research method was semi-experimental and the research design was pre-tes More The research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of regular sports activities on improving body image and reducing overeating behaviors in overweight students. The research method was semi-experimental and the research design was pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all 9th grade female students studying in Bandar Anzali schools in the academic year of 2022-2023, 308 of which 30 were selected by purposive sampling. To collect the required data, the questionnaires of the person's attitude about body image by Kash & et al (1986) and Gormali & et al (1982) overeating behaviors were used. The experimental group was exposed to Fakhraei-Aghadam et al. (2016) sports activity protocol training for 12 sessions. Statistical methods of covariance analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that training in sports activities improved body image and reduced overeating behaviors in overweight students (P<0.001). According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that using the content and instructions of sports activities will be useful in improving the body image and reducing the overeating behaviors of overweight students Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - The effect of of Acceptance Commitment Therapy On the Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Weight in Overweight Women
Sahar Ashrafi Abdolmajid Bahreinian Kobra Hajializadeh Ali DelavarThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Weight of overweight women. The method of this study was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statis MoreThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Weight of overweight women. The method of this study was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all overweight women with BMI greater than 30 in Tehran who referred to psychiatric centers in order to receive psychological treatment. The sample consisted of 40 statistical Population who were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The research instrument was Yale and add date body deformity scale questionnaire. Acceptance and commitment therapy sessions were conducted in a group in 8 sessions of 60 minutes and one session per week. The control group received no treatment during this period. Covariance analysis was used for data analysis and SPSS.25 software was used at the significant level of 0.05. Findings showed that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective on Body Dysmorphic Disorder (P<0.001) and Weight (P<0.001) in overweight women. In general, the results indicated a significant effect of a course of acceptance and commitment therapy on the variables of body deformity disorder and weight loss in overweight women, and this method can be used for the neurological treatment of overweight people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - Competition of Triticale (Triticosecale wittmack) Lines with Wild Oat (Avena fatua) and its Different Densities
M. Najjari Sadeghi, B. Mirshekari A.H. HosseinZadeh Moghbeli S. Baser KouchebaghTo study competitive effects of different densities of wild oat (Avena fatua) with triticale lines an experiment was conducted at Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran during 2011-2012 with 3 replications. Treatments were 19 triticale MoreTo study competitive effects of different densities of wild oat (Avena fatua) with triticale lines an experiment was conducted at Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran during 2011-2012 with 3 replications. Treatments were 19 triticale lines and 6 densities of wild oat (0, 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 plants m-2). Results indicated that effects of wild oat densities on thousand seed weight and seed yield of triticale lines were significant at 1% probability level. Also, tiller number per plant and biological yield of triticale lines were affected by the weed densities. While, wild oat traits under study were not affected by triticale lines. Hexaploid lines of triticale could tolerate 40 weed plants m-2 without any significant reduction in1000 seed weight. Wild oat density of 120 and higher plants m-2 had negative effect on seed yield of hexaploid lines of triticale. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - Effects of Plant Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Quantity and Quality of Forage Corn in Daregaz Region (Iran)
N. Saadatzadeh S.M. Nabavi Kalat R. Bahari KashaniIn order to evaluate the effects of plant density and nitrogen on quantity and quality of forage corn an experiment was conducted in Daregaz region in cropping season 2008 – 2009. The experimental design was a split – plot based on randomized complete block MoreIn order to evaluate the effects of plant density and nitrogen on quantity and quality of forage corn an experiment was conducted in Daregaz region in cropping season 2008 – 2009. The experimental design was a split – plot based on randomized complete block with three replications. The main plots were four levels of nitrogen (0 , 75, 150 and 225 kg/ha) and sub plots were three levels of plant density (75000, 100000 and 125000 plant/ha). The results showed that increasing nitrogen levels and plant density, plant height, percentage crude protein and total protein production (ton/ha) were increased. By increasing plant density, stem diameter, leaf and ear weight decreased while they increased with increased nitrogen levels. The highest forage yield obtained at nitrogen level 150 kg/ha (46 ton/ha) and 100000 plant per hectare (40.27 ton/ha). The highest total protein production (7 ton/ha) obtained at nitrogen level of 150 kg/ha and plant density of 125000 plant/ha. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - The Effects of Using Different Levels of Mannanoligosaccharides on the Performance, Carcass Characteristic and Blood Fat Profile of Broiler Chickens
M. Afrouzie B. Golizadeh A. Manaf HossainiA complete randomized experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of mannanoligosaccharides (0, 1, 2 and 3 g/kg into the basal diets) on growth performance, carcass characteristic and blood lipid profile in broiler chicks. Six hundred one day old Ro MoreA complete randomized experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of mannanoligosaccharides (0, 1, 2 and 3 g/kg into the basal diets) on growth performance, carcass characteristic and blood lipid profile in broiler chicks. Six hundred one day old Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned into 5 treatments. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicates and there were 20 chicks in each replicate. In this experiment, avilamicin antibiotic (10 mg/kg into the basal diet) was used as a positive control. The obtained in results starter period showed that, none of the growth performance parameters affected by adding prebiotic. Adding avilamicin also did not affect the parameters under study. By adding 2 and 3 g/kg prebiotic or avilamicin into basal diet weight gain improved as compared with control diet (P<0.05) and feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in diet supplemented by 3 g/kg prebiotic or avilamicin in comparison with control diet (P<0.05). In finisher period, supplementing 2 and 3 g/kg prebiotic or avilamicin to the diet at the final growth period improved feed conversion ratio and weight gain significantly (P<0.05) as compared with the control diet. Addition 2 and 3 g/kg prebiotic to the diet decreased abdominal fat pad (as a percentage of live weight) significantly as compared with control diet, but its difference with diet supplemented by avilamicin was not significant. Only, in diet supplemented by 3 g/kg prebiotic the level of serum cholesterol was lower as compared with control diet (P<0.05). It seems that the best levels of mannanoligosaccharides were 2 and 3 g/kg of broiler diets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Effect of Temperature Limits and Crop Density on Quality Characteristics of Oils and Fatty Acids in Regression Relationship with Soybean Yield
Alireza Alazmani Masoumeh Naeemi Abolfazl Faraji Ali Rahemi Karizki Leila AhangarIn order to investigate the effect of the growing day and plant density on some agronomic, morphophysiological and qualitative characteristics of the early-maturing line Soy-93-31 soybean, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plots in the form of a randomize MoreIn order to investigate the effect of the growing day and plant density on some agronomic, morphophysiological and qualitative characteristics of the early-maturing line Soy-93-31 soybean, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plots in the form of a randomized complete block design in three replications. Two crop years 2017 and 2018 were implemented in Gorgan region. The first factor of growth days until harvest time includes five growth days (GDD) 2328, 2182, 1893, 1712 and 1499 resulting from the date of sowing (10, 24 June, 8, 12 July, 5 August) and the second factor is the distance between rows 24, 36 and 48 cm (42, 28 and 21 plants per square meter).in this experiment, grain yield, biological yield, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000 grain, oil yield, oil percentage and soybean fatty acids were measured. The results of this experiment showed that planting date and density had a significant effect on the percentage of soybean oil and fatty acids. The percentage of seed oil decreased with increasing planting time (delayed soybean) so that the highest percentage of soybean oil on 10 June and the lowest percentage of oil was obtained on 5 August. Also, based on the results of planting date and plant density had a significant effect on grain yield and grain yield components, the weight of 1000 soybeans decreased with delay in planting. With delay of sowing date in all densities, soybean grain yield decreased, so that the highest grain yield was observed on June 10 and the density of 42 plants per square meter (3760 kg.ha-1) and the lowest grain yield was observed. Soybean was obtained on August 5 and the density of 21 plants per square meter was (470 kg.ha-1). According to the results of this experiment, the planting date of 10 June and the density of 42 plants per square meter were the most desirable planting date and density to achieve maximum grain and oil yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - Effects of Electromagnetic Field and Ultrasonic Waves on Seed Germination, Seedling Characteristics and Essence Percent of Thymes (Thymus vulgaris L.)
Nader Ashnagar Touraj Mir Mahmoodi Nader JalilnejhadThe effect of electromagnetic field and ultrasonic waves on the seed germination, seedling characteristics and essence percent of thymes investigated by using two separate factorial experiments, based on completely randomized design with three replications, at the Seed MoreThe effect of electromagnetic field and ultrasonic waves on the seed germination, seedling characteristics and essence percent of thymes investigated by using two separate factorial experiments, based on completely randomized design with three replications, at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of Faculty Agricultural Sciences of Islamic Azad University of Mahabad in 2017. In the first experiment, the seeds were exposed to electromagnetic field with 5, 50 and 100 milli tesla for 5, 15 and 30 minutes, and in the second experiment, the seeds were exposed to ultrasound intensity of 20, 40 and 60 kHz for 4, 8 and 12 minutes. Results of analysis of variance showed that the effects of electromagnetic field intensity by ultrasound intensity interactions were significant on all traits and indices. In this research, the highest germination percentage (97.66%), speed of germination (0.20), root length (8.70 cm), stem length (9.67 cm), root dry weight (41.5 mg), stem dry weight (44.75 mg), seedling dry weight (86.21 mg), plant dry weight (0.82g), and lowest mean germination time (4.84 days) belonged to the seeds treated with electromagnetic field intensity of 50 milli tesla for 15 minutes. The results also revealed that highest germination percentage (90.66%), germination speed (0.21), root length (7.78 cm), stem length (6.65 cm), root dry weight (41.21 mg), stem dry weight (53.60 mg), seedling dry weight (94.80 mg) and plant dry weight (0.55 g) and the lowest mean germination time (4.96 days) were related to 60 KHz ultrasound intensity for 16 minutes. The highest essence percent was produced from seeds treated with electromagnetic fields of 5 milli tesla for 30 minutes (3.44 percent) and 60 KHz ultrasound waves for 16 minutes (2.95 percent). Thus, these treatments are recommended to improve thyme germination and its seedling properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - Seed Filling Trend of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) as Affected by Planting Date and Density
Ali Rahemi Karizaki Abbas ForoughiTo investigate the effect of planting date and plant density on phenology, seed yield, its components, seed filling rate and grain filling period of faba bean, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted at Resea MoreTo investigate the effect of planting date and plant density on phenology, seed yield, its components, seed filling rate and grain filling period of faba bean, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted at Research Farm of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources of Gonbad University, Iran, during growing season of 2012-2013. The factors were three planting dates (4th of November, 4th of December 2013 and 3th of January 2014) and four planting densities (8, 12, 16 and 18 plant/m2). The results showed that planting dates significantly affected on phenology, yield and its components, seed filling rate and periods while the effect of plant density on seed filling period was not significant. Comparison of sigmoid equation coefficients showed that seed filling rates in three planting dates were different. The highest seed filling rate was obtained in 3th of January and the lowest at November 4, planting dates. The effect of planting date on seed filling duration was also significant, but it was not on plant density. Regression analysis showed that increasing 0.01g seed growth rate in seed unit, resulted in seed weight increase by 45.11, 32.43 and 26.66 g for November 4, December 4 and January 3 planting dates respectively. Delaying planting dates decreased seed filling period by 8.53 days and seed weight by 0.27 g. due to its effect on day length and temperature changes. Delayed planting dates were more effective on the rate and period of seed filling and phenology of faba bean. Delaying in planting date increased time to emergence, while decreased seed filling period and seed yield because of coincidence of this period with high temperatures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
223 - Growth and Some Physiological Characteristics of Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) as Affected by Salinity Stress
‎ Lamia Vojodi Mehrabani Mohammad Bagher Hassanpour aghdam Rana Valizadeh KamranThe present experement was conducted as a factorial experiment based on RCBD with four NaCl levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) levels and two savory native clones (Tabriz and Hamadan) with three replications, to investigate the effects of Nacl salinity on some physiological MoreThe present experement was conducted as a factorial experiment based on RCBD with four NaCl levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) levels and two savory native clones (Tabriz and Hamadan) with three replications, to investigate the effects of Nacl salinity on some physiological (essential oils, chlorophyll, proline, soluble sugars, ion leakage, Na+ and K+ content) and growth characteristics of savory. The results revealed that there was significant interaction effects between salinity and clone on chlorophyll a content of the plant. The highest chlorophyll a content in both clones was recorded in the control plants. Root dry weight, Na+ and K+ content, K+/Na+ ratio, soluble sugars and ion lekage were affected by NaCl salinity. The highest amounts of stem and leaf dry weights, essential oils contents, proline and chlorophyll b content, were influenced by both clone and salinity levels. The highest stem dry weight, essential oil and proline contents belonged to Tabriz clone. The highest leaf dry weight and chlorophyll a+b contents were produced by Hamadan clone. The highest amont for some other traits, like root, stem and leaf dry weights, as well as for K+and K+/Na+ ratios, were observed in the control treatment. The highest Na+ accumulation were recorded in 150 mM NaCl treatment. It was also observed that with increasing salinity levels, proline content was concomitantly increased. The hieghest ion leakage, soluble sugars and proline amounts were belonged to 100 and 150 mM salinity levels. Considering the variation patterns for the traits studied, it seems that the salinity levels in both clones routinely affected the growth and physiological characteristics of the plants. It can be concluded that to achieve economical yields of savory and proper physiologyical traits we have to select salt tolerant clones to suit saline environments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
224 - Assessment of Maize Yield (S.C. 704) Responses to Appropriate Planting Date and Deficit Irrigation Using Multivariate Analysis
Babak Mirshekarnezhad Farzad Paknejad Mohammad Nabi IlkaeeArid and semiarid climate in many parts of Iran dictates the employment of agronomic practices. With this approach, a statistical experiment was set up in split-plot based on randomized complete block design with three replicates during 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons. T MoreArid and semiarid climate in many parts of Iran dictates the employment of agronomic practices. With this approach, a statistical experiment was set up in split-plot based on randomized complete block design with three replicates during 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons. The experiment took place in College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran. Experimental treatments scheduled on three planting dates: (21st April, 11th May and 31th May) and four irrigation regimes: I100: 100%ETc, I80: 80%ETc, I60: 60%ETc and I40: 40%ETc, based on plant water need. The highest value of water productivity of economical yield (1.19 kg.m-3) and the greatest value of water productivity of biological yield (1.03 kg.m-3) obtained in early-planting date in both years, respectively. Path analysis showed that ear weight with direct effect (1.27) and water productivity of biological yield (0.973), positively contributed to the final yield determination under irrigation regimes I100 and I60, respectively. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the variables such as grain yield, ear weight, biological yield, total number of grain, kernel weight and harvest index as agronomic traits in PC1 and water productivity of economical yield and biological yield as physiological traits in PC2 were accounted for 70% of the final yield variations in total. Due to interactions of planting date and irrigation level on the grain yield (p ≤ 0.01), early planting of grain maize and deficit irrigation management as early season strategies will have great potential to achieve optimal yield and higher water productivity by mitigating early abiotic factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
225 - Effect of Tillage Systems and Herbicide Application in Weed Control of Canola (Brassica napus L.)
Seyyed Ali Forouzandeh Elham Elahifard Nosratoallah Heidarpour Abd Al-reza SiyahpoushIntegrated weed management in canola (Hyola 401) was studied in an experiment conducted in 2014-2015 growing season in “Kohghilooyeh and Boyer Ahmad”, Iran. The experiment was performed in strip split plots based on randomized complete block design with thre MoreIntegrated weed management in canola (Hyola 401) was studied in an experiment conducted in 2014-2015 growing season in “Kohghilooyeh and Boyer Ahmad”, Iran. The experiment was performed in strip split plots based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Tillage systems with three levels (conventional tillage, reduced tillage and no-tillage) assigned to main plots, and herbicide applications at four levels consisted of trifluralin (1200 g ai ha-1,48% EC), quinmerac+metazachlor (1040 g ai ha-1, 41.6% SC), clopyralid (180 g ai ha-1, 30% SL) + setoxydim (375 g ai ha-1, 12.5% EC), clopyralid (180 g ai ha-1) + haloxyfop-R methyl ester (81 g ai ha-1, 10.8 % EC) and weed free treatments. Results showed that weed density and dry weight reductions were 76.84% and 68.08% in reduced tillage system + quinmearc+metazachlor application, respectively. It was, also, observed that treatment influenced plant height, biological yield, harvest Index, silique number per plant, seed number per silique, 1000-seed weight and seed yield. The maximum yield (3226 kg.ha-1) was obtained by using reduced tillage + quinmearc+metazachlor application. Therefore, it would be concluded that reduced tillage + quinmearc+metazachlor was the best treatment to control weed and achieve high canola seed yield. The results, also, revealed that use of clopyralid+ Haloxyfop-R-methyl ester + no-tillage resulted in lowest yield (467 kg.ha-1) So, it was considered as inefficient treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - Study on Quantitative Characteristics of Three Promising Cotton Genotypes in Country Moderate Regions (Khodafarin)
M.B. Khorshidi Benam O. AlishahFor recognizing exotic high performance genotypes, three new hybrid cotton genotypes (tbl180, Teskhi-9 and Cri108) were compared with control (Sahel) in a RCBD with four replicates at Khodafarin in 2012 and 2013. Genotypes were planted in six rows in 80×20 cm arra MoreFor recognizing exotic high performance genotypes, three new hybrid cotton genotypes (tbl180, Teskhi-9 and Cri108) were compared with control (Sahel) in a RCBD with four replicates at Khodafarin in 2012 and 2013. Genotypes were planted in six rows in 80×20 cm arrangement. Attributes like yield, homogeneity, boll number, plant weight and plant height were measured. Results showed that year×genotypes interaction for lint yield in both first and second cuts and total, and homogeneity were significant. Differences between two cuts were not significant in all genotypes. The results also revealed that Teskhi-9 having lowes TOL and highest STI values was recognized to be the most adaptable genotype as compared with other two genotypes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO) on Improving Morpho-physiological, Yield and Its Components of Soybean (Glycine max L.) var. Williams under Salinity Stress
Seyed Fazel Fazeli Kakhki Morteza GoldaniTo evaluate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) on morphological, physiological and seed yield of soybean and its components under saline conditions, an experiment a factorial experiment base on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted MoreTo evaluate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) on morphological, physiological and seed yield of soybean and its components under saline conditions, an experiment a factorial experiment base on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted at the research greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran in 2017. The first factor consisted of four levels of salinity (0, 4, 6.5 and 9 dS.m-1), and the second factor of three concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) (0, 200 and 400 ppm). The results showed that foliar spraying 200 ppm nano-ZnO resulted in higher plant height, number of leaves and dry shoot weight than other nano-ZnO levels (zero and 400 ppm) in 6.5 and 9 dS.m-1 salinity. The highest stomatal conductance (11.2 μMH2O.m-2.S-1), relative water content (83.6%) and membrane stability index (80.7%) were obtained from application 200 ppm nano-ZnO at salinity level of 4 dS.m-1. Maximum number of seeds per plant (11.4) and seed weight per plant (2.24 g) were also recorded from 200 ppm nano-ZnO under salinity of 4 dS.m-1. At all levels of salinity stress, when enhancing concentration from zero to 200 ppm the amount of all studied traits were increased and with increased concentration of nano-ZnO from 200 to 400 ppm, all experimental traits were decreased due to toxicity effect induction of nano-ZnO on plant. In general, the results showed that sprying plant with 200 ppm zinc oxide nanoparticles improved soybean growth at 6.5 and 9 dS.m-1salinity stresses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - Response of Two Rapeseed Cultivars (Brassica napus L.) in Terms of Growth Indices, Yield and Yield Components to Method of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application in Gonbad-e Qabus Plain
Seyyed Fazel Fazeli Kakhki Morteza Goldani Farhad Soleimani fard Naser BikzadehIn order to investigate the response of rapeseed to the application method of nitrogen fertilizer, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the 2015-2016 crop season. The first factor was two canola cultivars MoreIn order to investigate the response of rapeseed to the application method of nitrogen fertilizer, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the 2015-2016 crop season. The first factor was two canola cultivars (Hayola 401 and RGS003) and the second factor was four application method of nitrogen fertilizer treatment as F1: three stages fertilization in soil used, F2: three stages foliar spraying application, F3: four stages of fertilization in soil used and F4: four stages of fertilization as foliar spraying. The results showed that the highest plant height was obtained by applying F3 treatment with 144.8 and 161 cm per plant in the second and third sampling, respectively. The highest leaf dry weight and leaf area was obtain by application F3 treatment in all sampling stages. The same trend was observed for the dry weight of lateral branches, so that in the third stage of sampling, the highest dry weight of lateral branches with 59.4 g.plant-1 was obtained by consuming of F3 treatment. The highest biomass and grain yield were obtained from F3 treatment with 1029 g.m-2 and 332 g.m-2 respectively. The highest number of pod (145 pod per plant), biomass (1105 g.m-2), oil yield (121 g.m-2) and seed yield (358 g.m-2) was obtain from application F3 in Hayola 401 cultivar. In general, the results showed that all morphological and yield indices of the plant were obtained from application of nitrogen fertilizer in four stages at the soil used that Hayola 401 cultivar showed more positive response to this used method of fertilization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - The Study of Some Morphophysiological Characteristics Associated with Seed Yield and its Components of Rapeseed
M. Eskandari Kordlar B. Pasban eslam A. Mousavizadeh M. RoshdiTo investigate association of some morphophysiological characteristics with seed yield and its components of oilseed rape varieties, a research was carried out at East Azerbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center in 2005-2006. Experimental design was ran MoreTo investigate association of some morphophysiological characteristics with seed yield and its components of oilseed rape varieties, a research was carried out at East Azerbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center in 2005-2006. Experimental design was randomized complete block with four replications. Varieties under study showed significant differences in leaf area and leaf number per plant (typeI, II and total), leaf dry weight per plant, specific leaf weight, leaf temperature, seed oil percent, seed and oil yields. The results indicated that high yielding varieties possessed higher levels of leaf area (type II). SLMO46, Sunday, ARC-2, Opera and Ebonite had the higher seed yields than other varieties respectively. Sunday, Ebonit, SLM046, ARC-2 and Opera produced higher and Okapi, Sinatra, Regent×Cob, Geronima and Olpro lower oil yields. In this research, a positive and significant correlations were observed between seed yield with oil yield, leaf area type II, total leaf area, leaf dry weight, while a negative and significant correlation between seed oil and seed yield were seen. Correlations of oil yield with seed oil, seed yield, leaf dry weight and leaf area (typeI, II and total) were positive and significant. It seems that leaf area, especially larger leaves with longer petiole (type II), had important role in seed and oil yields. It can be concluded that replicating the experiment, would possibly result in recommending adaptable and high yielding oilseed rape varieties for cold climates of the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - Effect of Compost Combination and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Onion (Allium cepa L.)
Reza Rezayi Ghyasi Seyyed Ali Mousavizadeh Elnaz Farajzadeh Meamari TabriziIn order to find suitable ratio of chemical fertilizer and compost, to increase economic yield of onion, a study was carried out at the Malekan Agricultural Farm and Natural Resources Research and Education Station in 2013. The experiment was done in split plot using RC MoreIn order to find suitable ratio of chemical fertilizer and compost, to increase economic yield of onion, a study was carried out at the Malekan Agricultural Farm and Natural Resources Research and Education Station in 2013. The experiment was done in split plot using RCBD with three replications. Fertilizers (A) were asseigned to main plots with six levels (recommended dosage of chemical fertilizers as control (a1), ¾ of the control + 4 ton ha-1 of compost (a2), ½ of the control + 8 ton ha-1 compost (a3), ¼ of the control + 12 ton ha-1 compost (a4) and the compost alone (16 and 20 ton ha-1) (a5 and a6)) and cultivars to subplots with five levels , (B) (Zanjan Qoli Qissa (b1) and Red Azarshahr (b2)). Red Azarshahr was superior to Qoli Qissa in all traits. Fertilizer levels had significant effects on all traits, except number of edible layers, and a1 was highest amount in these traits compared to other fertilizer rates. The interaction of fertilizer × cultivar was not significant in all traits. Combined use of chemical fertilizers and compost had significant positive effect on vegetative traits, bulb diameter, yield per plant and total yield as compared to that of using compost alone. Using ¾ a1 and ½ a1 along with the rate of 4 and 8 t.ha-1 (a2 anda3) of compost had no significant decreasing effect on bulb weight per plant and yield as compared with chemical fertilizer application alone (a1). Thus use of ¾ the control treatment + 4 ton ha-1 of compost (a2) and ½ of the control treatment + 8 ton ha-1 of compost (a3) can be recommended to the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - Investigating the Tolerance of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Cultivars to Broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca pers) in Khorassan Razavi
M. Zafarian, R. Sadrabadi Haghighi M. Ghassab Mohammadabadi M. NasirpourTo investigate the tolerance of tomato cultivars to Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca pers.), an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 11 treatments and 3 replications in mazrae Nemoune Astan Quds Razavi in Mashhad, Iran, 2012. Treat MoreTo investigate the tolerance of tomato cultivars to Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca pers.), an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 11 treatments and 3 replications in mazrae Nemoune Astan Quds Razavi in Mashhad, Iran, 2012. Treatment were 11 varieties (Peto early CH, Sterling (Karon), Khorram, Petorak, DNP 3005, PS 6515, SPEEDY, IDEN, VADI STAR, FIRINZEH and DNP 3001) which were transplanted in the field along with broomrape. Sampling was done at two stages: 1- after appearance and establishment of broomrape on tomato root where the dry weight, stem number and node numbers of broomrape on tomato root and tomato dry weight were measured and 2- at the end of growing season where tomato fruit weight and its yield were determined. Result indicated that Sterling and Khorram cultivars did have the least broomrape dry weight, stem number and node numbers of broomrape on tomato root and while produced highest plant dry weight, fruit and yield as compared to the other cultivars. Thus, may be considered as tolerant cultivars. Petorak and DNP 3001 on the other hand, presented the most broomrape dry weight, stem number and node number on tomato root. However, Petorak, Peto early CH and FIRINZEH cultivars produced the least plant weight, fruit and yield and thus, they can be called the sensitive cultivars. DNP 3001 being highly attacked by broomrape produced increased fruit yield and therefore compensated its ill effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - Growth Index, Yield and Yield Components of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) Cultivars Affected by Date and Method of Planting at Ahvaz Region
Mehrnoosh Golabi Shahram Lak Abdolali Gilani Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Aslan EgdernezhadThe most important component compatible with climatic diversity in agriculture is the planting date, which has the greatest impact on the phenological characteristics of the plant. Planting date is determined based on cultivar and climate of each region. In order this s MoreThe most important component compatible with climatic diversity in agriculture is the planting date, which has the greatest impact on the phenological characteristics of the plant. Planting date is determined based on cultivar and climate of each region. In order this study was conducted to investigate the effect of seed and transplanting method on yield and yield components of quinoa cultivars in different planting dates in Ahvaz climatic conditions. The experiment as a split split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications in crop years 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. Planting date was taken as the main factor in four levels (22 October, 1 November, 11 November and 21 November) and sub factor including planting method (transplanting and seed planting) and sub-sub factor also Quinoa cultivars (Giza1, Q26 and Titicaca). The results showed that delay in planting date reduced growth index (22, 39 and 26% LAI, DM and CGR recpectively), days to flowering (21%) and grain yield components (number of panicles per plant (42%), number grain per panicle (26%) and 1000-grain weight (21%)), grain yield (63%) and harvest index (54%) in quinoa. The highest value of these traits was related to the date of first sowing (October 22) and it was also found that transplanting in early sowing date is weaker than seed sowing but in late sowing date is better than seed sowing and reduces the negative effects of late sowing. Among the studied cultivars, Q26 cultivar was more acceptable in terms of growth rate (LAI (4.87), DMT (637.3 g. m-2), CGR (18.58 g. m-2.day) and yield components (number of panicles per plant (9.72) and 1000-grain weight (4.81 g)) and grain yield (1813 kg. h-1) than the other two cultivars. The highest grain yield (3058 kg.ha-1) belonged to Q26 cultivar on 30 October planting and 22 October planting and seed sowing (3148 kg.ha-1) and the lowest grain yield (769 kg.ha-1) belonged to Titicaca cultivar on 11 and 21 November planting. In general, it was observed that the sowing date in early autumn was suitable for planting different cultivars of quinoa in Khuzestan province due to the longer growing season and Transplantation at this date of sowing did not have much advantage in terms of yield compared to seed sowing, but in the date of delayed sowing reduces the negative effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - The Study of Source-Sink Relations by Comparison of Weight and Grain in the Modern and Old Wheat Cultivars
Mehdi Joudi shahram mehriSeed filling in wheat is controlled by the availability of substrate (source strength), the capacity of the organs to utilize it for seed growth (sink strength). The aim of this research was to study source-sink relations in wheat, through seed weight and grain number i MoreSeed filling in wheat is controlled by the availability of substrate (source strength), the capacity of the organs to utilize it for seed growth (sink strength). The aim of this research was to study source-sink relations in wheat, through seed weight and grain number in new and old wheat cultivars. The experiment was performed at Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Research Farm (University of Mohaghegh Ardabili) during 2010-2011 growing season. The plant materials (81 wheat cultivars) were evaluated using a simple lattice design with two replications under well-watered condition. The results showed that there were significant differences for measured agronomic and physiologic traits among wheat cultivars tested. Overall, new wheat cultivars showed high values of seed yield as compared with the old ones. This trend was also observed in the cases of harvest index (HI) and grain number per square meter. There were no significant differences in biological yield and 1000-grain weight between old and new cultivars. Spike dry weight measured at anthesis and physiologic maturity and also partitioning photoassimilates to the spike during anthesis-physiologic maturity phases increased more in new cultivars than old ones. Increased grain number in new wheat cultivars and the lack of significant changes in 1000-seed weight suggests that seed yields of the cultivars used under the condition tested are controlled more by sink than source strength. Under conditions tested, it seems that increased grain number, either in plant level or in square meter, might be considered as a way to assess increased seed yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
234 - Studying Morphological Characteristics of Seminal and Adventitious Root Systems of Durum and Bread Wheat Cultivars
Rahim Naseri Mehrshad Barari Mohammad Javad Zarea Kazem Khavazi Zahra TahmasebiTo study the root structure and its morphological characteristics of winter and durum wheat cultivars, an experiment was carried out based on randomized completely design with four replications at faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University during 2013-2014. Experimen MoreTo study the root structure and its morphological characteristics of winter and durum wheat cultivars, an experiment was carried out based on randomized completely design with four replications at faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University during 2013-2014. Experimental treatments consisted of six bread wheat cultivars (Sardari, Keras Sabalan, Nestor, Pistaz, Bahar and S83-3), four durum wheat cultivars (Karkheh, Dena, Sora and Saji). Traits under study were seminal roots, nodal roots, sub-nodal roots, number of total roots, seminal roots length, nodal and sub-nodal roots, total root lengths, root dry weight, root volume and root to shoot ratio. The results showed significant differences for root structure of bread wheat cultivars (Sardari, Keras Sabalan and Nestor). They had stronger root system than the other bread wheat cultivars.It was also found that Saji from durum and Sabalan cross from bread wheat cultivars had the highest number of total roots (seminal, nodal and sub-nodal roots), root length total (seminal, nodal and sub-nodal roots), root volume and root/shoot ratio as compared with the other cultivars under study. Orthogonal contrast for three groups of genotypes indicated that in terms of number and length of nodal roots, bread wheat cultivars showed higher values as compared to durum wheat cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
235 - Evaluation of Morphological Characteristics and Seed Yield of Dragon Head (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) Using Different Levels of Nitrogen and Micronutrient Elements
Esmaeil Abkar Esmaeil Nabizadeh Mohsen Roshdi Saman YazdansetaTo evaluate agronomical characteristics and yield of dragon head by using different levels of nitrogen and microelements (Fe, B, Zn), a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in Khoy, during 2016 and 2017 gro MoreTo evaluate agronomical characteristics and yield of dragon head by using different levels of nitrogen and microelements (Fe, B, Zn), a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in Khoy, during 2016 and 2017 growing seasons. The first factor consisted of three levels of recommended nitrogen fertilization (1- before planting, 2- one half before planting+15 days after planting, 3- one third before planting+ one-third one month after planting+ one-third 45 days after planting) and the second factor was the use of microelements with five levels including non-consuming treatments, iron with boron, iron with zinc boron, zinc. Nitrogen consumption resulted in significant effect on stem diameter, 100 seed weight, fresh weight of plant and essential oil yield. According to the results, growth and yield increase were observed using fertilizers. Therefore, the highest plant height was in two stages, the fresh yield of 10805.80 kg.ha-1, in three stages, essential oil percentage of 0.59% and essential oil yield of 16.33 kg.ha-1 in nitrogen application in two stages and iron, boron and was observed. Although the second treatment of nitrogen (half before planting and half after sowing) along with that of boron and zinc micronutrients, the highest percentage of essential oil was 0.59%, but the consumption of other micronutrients also increased the essential oil content. Meanwhile, the highest fresh yield of nitrogen in nitrogen application was obtained at 10805.7 kg.ha-1 during three stages. It can be concluded that in growing dragonhead, nitrogen should be used in several stages and micronutrients usage also improves the quality and quantity of plant yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
236 - Correlation and Path Analysis of Yield and Yield Components of Safflower Genotypes under Late Season Drought Stress Conditions
Seyedeh Zahra HosseiniTo calculate correlation coefficients and path analysis of some traits related to grain yield, 15 genotypes of safflower were studied under non-stress and drought stress conditions at two different sites (with 10 meter distance) in the field of College of Agriculture of MoreTo calculate correlation coefficients and path analysis of some traits related to grain yield, 15 genotypes of safflower were studied under non-stress and drought stress conditions at two different sites (with 10 meter distance) in the field of College of Agriculture of Lorestan University, Iran. Each experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among the genotypes for all measured traits and yield in both stress and non- stress conditions. By using stepwise regression, best model was estimated for the two conditions. Sequential path analysis of the correlation between grain yield and other traits showed that days to start flowering, 1000-seed weight and stem diameter had direct effects on grain yield under non-stress conditions, while under drought conditions, seed weight per plant and 1000-seed weight had direct and positive effects on grain yield. Thus, to obtain high yielding varieties of safflower under drought stress condition, we showed attempt to select varieties with high seed weight per plant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
237 - Fuzzy logic and the role of weight in social sciences decision making parameters
Mahdi Mosayebzadeh Lida Mahdizadeh ghalehjooghThe problem of decision-making in social, political, economic, legal and etc. issues is a problem with uncertainty, and this uncertainty is the main issue in fuzzy logic. Fuzzy logic is an advanced method for making decisions in all problems, which has been investigated MoreThe problem of decision-making in social, political, economic, legal and etc. issues is a problem with uncertainty, and this uncertainty is the main issue in fuzzy logic. Fuzzy logic is an advanced method for making decisions in all problems, which has been investigated in many researches, but the role of the weight of input components has not been explored much. The purpose of this research is to express the role of weight of input components and how to modify the weight of input components to achieve a fairer decision. In this research, first the concept of fuzzy logic is described and then the problem of weight is discussed from a mathematical point of view and it has been shown that how much the application of the correct weight to the input variables can affect the issue of justice in decision making. Also, the method of "Variance Components Estimation" to correct the weight of input data has been introduced and described, and this mathematical point of view has been used and the process of weight correction in social, political, economic and etc. issues has been investigated. The mentioned examples have shown that correcting the weight of the input variables makes the result more consistent with the concept of reality and also with the concept of justice. Finally, suggestions have been made so that different issues can be analyzed with a special process so that the inputs of different issues can correctly affect the results and achieve a more fair decision. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
238 - Chemical composition of fillet and some biochemical and enzymatic parameters of blood serum in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) at different weights
Firuz Zahed مجید Mohammad NejadAbstract Knowing the chemical composition of food consumed by humans is one of the important principles in preparing diets. The Siberian sturgeon is a good species for aquaculture due to its good growth in different sizes in breeding systems and its ab MoreAbstract Knowing the chemical composition of food consumed by humans is one of the important principles in preparing diets. The Siberian sturgeon is a good species for aquaculture due to its good growth in different sizes in breeding systems and its ability to reproduce sexually in captivity. In this study, the chemical composition of fillet and some biochemical and enzymatic indicators of blood serum in Siberian sturgeon in different weights were investigated. Fish in 5 groups of mean weight of 0.5-0.7 kg, 2.5-2 kg, 6-7 kg, 10-12 kg and 15-17 kg and with 3 fish from each group were studied. The results of the present study showed that with increasing weight and size of fish, the amount of protein, ash and fiber decreases and the amount of fat increases (P <0.05), but the amount of moisture at different weights does not differ (P> 0.05). The results of the present study showed that fish weight affects the biochemical parameters of fish serum, so that with increasing weight, the amount of cholesterol, triglyceride, urea and iron increases (P <0.05), but the amount of albumin, calcium, sodium and potassium did not change (P> 0.05). While the highest amount of protein in the weight group was 6 to 7 kg. Also, the level of stress indices (glucose and cortisol) increased with weight gain and the amount of serum enzymes was higher at low weights (P <0.05). The results of the present study showed that the size and weight of fish affect the chemical composition of fillet and some biochemical and enzymatic factors of fish blood serum. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
239 - Evaluation of the relationship of molecular weight of bioactive peptides resulting from enzymatic hydrolysis of Vanami shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) head and shell with their antibacterial, antioxidant and functional properties
S. Reyhani Poul S. Yeganeh R. SafariThe current research aimed to determine the relationship between the molecular weight of bioactive peptides produced from Vanami shrimp wastes with their antibacterial, antioxidant activity, and functional properties. For this purpose, after performing the hydrolysis pr MoreThe current research aimed to determine the relationship between the molecular weight of bioactive peptides produced from Vanami shrimp wastes with their antibacterial, antioxidant activity, and functional properties. For this purpose, after performing the hydrolysis process, using ultrafiltration, peptides with a molecular weight of less than 3, between 3 and 10, and more than 10 kDa were separated and used for various tests. According to the results, peptides with a molecular weight of 3 to 10 kDa showed the highest growth inhibitory activity of Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus (p< 0.05). The highest solubility and water holding capacity were related to peptides with molecular weight less than 3 kDa (p<0.05). Among different molecular weights, the maximum emulsifying activity and emulsion stability indices were measured in peptides with a molecular weight between 3 and 10 kDa (p<0.05). The strongest peptides in terms of foaming activity and foam stability index as well as oil absorption capacity were peptides with a molecular weight of more than 10 kDa (p<0.05). The results of the evaluation of the antioxidant activity (Free radical scavenging activity of DPPH and ABTS) of peptides showed peptides with a molecular weight of less than 3 kDa have the highest antioxidant properties (p<0.05). It was concluded that the properties of bioactive peptides change considerably under the influence of molecular weight and each of the peptides in a particular molecular weight has more properties and efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
240 - Effect of using Falcaria vulgaris on skin wound healing and immune response of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
nasrin Choobkar Antibiotics are generally used to increase the immune response and wound healing of aquatic animals but due to the residual effects of these drugs, researchers are looking to replace them with natural materials such as medicinal plant extract. The aim of th More Antibiotics are generally used to increase the immune response and wound healing of aquatic animals but due to the residual effects of these drugs, researchers are looking to replace them with natural materials such as medicinal plant extract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of Falcaria vulgaris on wound healing and enhancement of immune system in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).The effect of Falcaria vulgaris at concentrations of 0, 2 and 10% with Lofag foods used on wound healing, immune response, and weight gain and survival of common carp was investigated during a 21 day period with twice per day feeding on the basis of body weight. The results showed that using Falcaria vulgaris at the 10% concentration had the greatest effect on wound healing, stimulation of the immune system by increasing white blood cells, weight gain and survival of carp in comparison with the control group. This herb can be used in wound healing, increasing resistance to disease and weight gain of common carp. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - Evaluation of the effects of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus Licheni formis promix on blood metabolites and elements and weight gain in rearing calves
Gh Moghaddam Ahmad NematollahiProbiotics are beneficial microorganisms which are colonized in the digestive system of livestock and influence some of the blood parameters through special mechanisms. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted to clarify the influence of promix containing living sp MoreProbiotics are beneficial microorganisms which are colonized in the digestive system of livestock and influence some of the blood parameters through special mechanisms. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted to clarify the influence of promix containing living spores of the two bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis on body weight gain, blood metabolites and elements of calves. Twenty male Holstein calves were divided into two groups of ten calves and kept at separate bans. The control group were fed with a standard ration and the treatment group were fed with the same ration plus promix (1.6 × 109 cfu/g feed or 500 g/T feed) for 45 days. Calves were weighed in the 1st, 15th, 30th and 45th days and blood samples were collected for measurement of some metabolites and blood elements. The obtained means were compared using the T- test. The results indicated that the average daily weight gain using promix had a non-significant improvement of 4.8% (p>0.05). Also the average daily weight gain showed a non significant improvement in each of the 3 experimental periods (p>0.05). Blood phosphorus and calcium of calves increased significantly influenced by promix with the increase being non significant in the first experimental period and significant in the second and third periods (p<0.01). With the addition of the probiotic, the amounts of blood glucose, urea and protein increased non significantly compared to the control group with the increase being non significant in the second and third experimental periods and significant in the first period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - Survey of Ergosan additive effects on gain weight, perpetuity rate and food conversion index in Rainbow trout
Sh Notash حمید Mirzaei سعید Sadigh Eteghad Evaluation of the effect of Ergosan additive on growth rate, feed conversion index and survival rate of 1gr Rainbow trout hatchlings. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of consumption of Ergosan additive on production indices More Evaluation of the effect of Ergosan additive on growth rate, feed conversion index and survival rate of 1gr Rainbow trout hatchlings. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of consumption of Ergosan additive on production indices of 1gr Rainbow trouts namely growth rate, feed conversion index and survival rate. Thus the effect of this additive was investigated by selecting five experimental groups (one control and four treatment groups) each consisting of 1500 fish with a weight of 1gram reared in exactly identical conditions. The treatment groups were fed 1, 2, 3 and 4 kg/ton of Ergosan with their diet for 60 days and the data were then analyzed. According to the results, Ergsan had the best effect on the production indices of the third treatment group (3 kg/ton) (p<0.05) and the least production indices were seen in the control group. Consequently, Ergosan additive at the rate of 3kg/ton for 2 months with an interval of 10 days can be included in the diet of Rainbow trouts with the body weight of 1 gram reared at the temperature of 12 ± 0.5 degrees Celsius. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - Effect of nutrients density on performance of broilers and its correlation with carcass characteristics in grower period of broiler chicks
ابوالفضل Bashiri A.R Safamehr مسعود Mostashari مهرنوش MirzaeiThis experiment was conducted in order to investigate the correlation between different levels of diet nutrients in grower period on performance and carcass characteristicsof broiler chicks. The chickens were fed the same diet in starter period; later four diets with di MoreThis experiment was conducted in order to investigate the correlation between different levels of diet nutrients in grower period on performance and carcass characteristicsof broiler chicks. The chickens were fed the same diet in starter period; later four diets with different levels of nutrients were used in grower period. The levels of metabolisable energy in the experimental diets were 3000, 3100, 3200 and 3300 kcal/kg. Diets used in the research are set according to NRC (1994). Furthermore, the ratios of all energy to protein were kept constant. The results showed that weight gain, feed conversion ratio and carcass characteristics were affected by different levels of nutrients. In addition, an increase in density of nutrients had a direct correlation with gain weight, and a reverse one with feed and carcass percentage. Finally, analysis of regression between carcass and nutrients density indicated that there were a correlation between nutrients density changes and carcass with increasing levels of nutrients. In other words, carcass percentage (r=97%), edible carcass percentage (r=95%), thigh percentage (r=92%) and relative weight of gizzard (r=91%) showed the highest regression. Feed cost per kg of meat decreased with lowest energy level (p<0.05). As a result in broiler diets using low density nutrients can be useful than high density nutrients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - Survey on some biometrical parameters of Chalcalburnus mossulensis Fish infected by Ligula intestinalis (cestoda)
علی Parsa سمیرا BahramianChalcalburnus mossulensis from the Cyprinidae family is one of the indigenous fish in many water sources. Ligula intestinalis is one of the infective parasites of this fish. In this study, The effect of this parasite in some biological parameters of this fish like: Weig MoreChalcalburnus mossulensis from the Cyprinidae family is one of the indigenous fish in many water sources. Ligula intestinalis is one of the infective parasites of this fish. In this study, The effect of this parasite in some biological parameters of this fish like: Weight, Total length, Condition Index (I.C.) and Gonadosomatic Ratio (G.S.R.) was investigated. After random sampling, collected 300 samples from Gheshlagh Lake of Kordestan, Species and age of samples was detected. In 25% of samples the infection was seen. The result of this infection was the negative effect in all biological parameters (p<0.05). In other words, There is a significant difference between the means of biometrical parameters in infected and non infected samples. By considering the negative effects of this parasite on Cyprinidae family, It is necessary to control the spread of this parasite in different water sources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
245 - The Study of Relationship Between Self-Concept, Self-Esteem, Demographic Factors and Weight Control Dimension of Body Management in the Light of Perspectives Based on Teaching Consumption Culture’s Models (Case Study: Female Students in Islamic Azad University of Tabriz)
Narmineh Moeinian Hossein Banifatemeh Mohammad Bagher Alizadeh Aghdam Mohammad AbbaszadehFrom the pre-modern times to the present day, there have been major changes in the meaning of body, ideal body and aesthetic interventions in the body. As the body and its related standards become valuable, people's self-concept is increasingly tied to it and the people MoreFrom the pre-modern times to the present day, there have been major changes in the meaning of body, ideal body and aesthetic interventions in the body. As the body and its related standards become valuable, people's self-concept is increasingly tied to it and the people's social status, identity and prestige are defined by their physical qualities. Therefore, due to the importance of the above mentioned relationship, this study was conducted with a survey method to assess the relationship between different dimensions of self-concept and weight control dimension of body management among female students of the Tabriz Azad University in 2018-2019. The present study is a quantitative, cross-sectional study and it was conducted by using a questionnaire tool. The sample includes 384 students using Cochran formula. The results of the research show that a large number of the sample population (% 63.3) has a great tendency to control their weight to prevent overweight. Also, there was a significant inverse correlation between body satisfaction and BMI. It means that as body mass index (BMI) increases, body satisfaction decreases. Also, students' self-esteem decreases with the assumption of obesity, and a significant inverse correlation was seen between self-esteem affected by obesity and the amount of weight controlling activities. They indicate that the students give much more value (mean=74.75) to aesthetic body care. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
246 - Measuring the Adaptation Rate of Car - Part Producing Firms with Just in Time System’s Criteria in Tabriz
Hoshang Taghizadeh Ghaffar Tari Mahdi Sadegi Hariri This paper tries to investigate the adaptation rate of car parts producing firms with Just in Time system’s criteria. Two questionnaires have been used for data gathering. The first one has been used to determine the current situation of More This paper tries to investigate the adaptation rate of car parts producing firms with Just in Time system’s criteria. Two questionnaires have been used for data gathering. The first one has been used to determine the current situation of the firms in terms of JIT system’s characteristics by 97 production managers of the firms. This questionnaire included 42 Five-statement questions that were scored in the range of 0-100. The second questionnaire (paired comparison matrix) was used for determining the importance weight of the sub criteria. Finally the adaptation rate of car part producing firms with JIT system’s criteria was measured using the weight mean formula. After calculations, radar chart showed that there is a relatively great gap between the situation of car part producing firms in Tabriz and the Just in Time systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
247 - Weighted Graphs and Fuzzy Graphs
John Mordeson Anntreesa Josy Sunil MathewIt has been shown in [3] that in the two-dimensional case, the lattices of truth values considered are pairwise isomorphic, and so are the corresponding families of fuzzy sets. Therefore, each result for one of these types of fuzzy sets can be directly rewritten for eac MoreIt has been shown in [3] that in the two-dimensional case, the lattices of truth values considered are pairwise isomorphic, and so are the corresponding families of fuzzy sets. Therefore, each result for one of these types of fuzzy sets can be directly rewritten for each (isomorphic) type of fuzzy sets. In this paper, we show that there is a strong connection between weighted graphs and fuzzy graphs. We accomplish this by using lattice isomorphisms. Consequently, under certain conditions, results for one area can be carried over immediately to the other. Many situations in fuzzy graph theory do not depend on the weights of the vertices. The situation of providing weights for the vertices of a weighted graph is also considered. We also consider lattice homomorphisms with an illustration involving nonstandard analysis. In particular, we consider a nonstandard weighted graph, i.e., a graph where the weights of the edges are from a nonstandard interval. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
248 - The Effect of Rhythmic Aerobic Training with Core Stability Training on Glycemic and Anthropometric Indices of Overweight Women
nahid venarji abbas mehranpour Hooman angoorani Sareh HasaniIntroduction: Due to the high prevalence of overweight and obesity and the need to achieve effective and practical solutions to control them, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of a rhythmic aerobic training with core stability training on serum levels of MoreIntroduction: Due to the high prevalence of overweight and obesity and the need to achieve effective and practical solutions to control them, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of a rhythmic aerobic training with core stability training on serum levels of glucose, insulin, resistance Insulin and anthropometric indices of overweight women. Materials and methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 80 women with an age range of 25 to 45 years and a body mass index above 25 were purposefully selected and then randomly divided into two groups of control and exercise. Interventions were performed for 12 weeks (three sessions per week, each session for one hour (with an intensity of 80% of the maximum heart rate. Before the start of the study and at the end of the study period, study variables were measured. Independent and dependent t-test were used to analyze the results (P≤0.05). Findings: A period of rhythmic aerobic training with core stability training had a significant effect on reducing the waist circumference, and body fat percentage and insulin resistance of overweight women (p < 0.05). However, it had no significant effect on serum glucose and insulin levels in women. Conclusion: It seems that core stability training can improve the anthropometric indices of overweight women. However, in relation to its effects on glycemic indices, more studies are needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
249 - Effect of Spirulina Supplementation and Aerobic Training on Oxidative Stress in Overweight Elderly Men
Mostafa Babaei Ahmad Abdi Asieh Abbassi Daloii Javad MehrabaniBackground: Aging and overweight are associated with an increase in oxidative stress indices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Spirulina supplementation (SP) with aerobic exercise (AT) on oxidative stress in overweight elderly men.Methods: In this cli MoreBackground: Aging and overweight are associated with an increase in oxidative stress indices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Spirulina supplementation (SP) with aerobic exercise (AT) on oxidative stress in overweight elderly men.Methods: In this clinical trial study, 40 overweight adult men (age 57.41±4.82 years, Body mass index: BMI 27.88±2.21 kg/m2) were selected from Bandar-e-Anzali and randomly allocated into four groups; including Overweight (OW), Overweight-Aerobic Training (OWAT), Overweight-Spirulina (OWSP) and Overweight-Aerobic Training -Spirulina (OWATSP). The OWSP and OWATSP groups were provided with two 500 mg SP tablets daily in the morning and evening. Training groups participated in an aerobic exercise program for eight weeks, five sessions per week (with an intensity of 65 to 85% of peak heart rate, 40 minutes). Data were analyzed using ANCOVA at a significance level of P<0.05.Results: It was shown that AT and SP increased SOD (P=0.001 and P=0.011), GPX (P=0.0001 and P=0.0001) and CAT (P=0.005 and P=0.018). Simultaneous intervention of AT and SP also had a positive and strengthening effect on increasing SOD (P=0.00001), GPX (P=0.00001) and CAT (P=0.0001). MDA also had a significant decrease in OWAT (P = 0.001), OWSP (P = 0.001) and OWATSP (P = 0.0001) groups.Conclusion: AT and SP could improve the oxidative stress in overweight adult men, by altering the levels of SOD, GPX, CAT and MDA. Nevertheless, the effect of the combination of exercise and supplementation was greater. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
250 - The Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance Training with Vitamin D Supplementation on Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-15 in Overweight Women
shadi afshar bahram abediIntroduction: Vitamin D plays an important role in the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome, which may increase the benefits of exercise. The current study was to examine the effect of eight weeks resistance training with vitamin D consumption on Interleukin 1 MoreIntroduction: Vitamin D plays an important role in the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome, which may increase the benefits of exercise. The current study was to examine the effect of eight weeks resistance training with vitamin D consumption on Interleukin 10 & 15 in overweight women. Materials and methods: In semi an experimental study carried out by pre-test and post-test, 60 overweight women aging between 20 to 35 were selected in 4 groups: resistance training, vitamin D consumption, resistance training with vitamin D consumption and placebo. Subject Blood sampling was collected in pre- test and post- test phases after 8 weeks of training. The training protocol consisted of 8 weeks of resistance training, which was held three sessions per week. Participants in two groups of daily vitamin intake consumed 1 unit of vitamin D in capsules (at night and before going to bed). Participants in the placebo group also received a placebo from lactose. Data were analyzed by the analysis of variance with repeated measures (p < 0.05). Findings: Resistance training and resistance training along with vitamin D significantly reduced interleukin-6 and increased interleukin-15 in overweight women. Other results showed a greater effect of resistance training with vitamin D compared to the resistance training alone in reducing interleukin-6 and increasing interleukin-15 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that overweight and obese women using vitamin D combined with resistance training may be able to prevent the inflammatory stress caused by moderate exercise and its aftermath. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - Comparison of two combined exercise methods and ginger consumption on weight loss and active anorexic hormone hormones in women
Hedieh hassanpour Shahin Riyahi Malayeri Masoumeh HosseiniIntroduction: Exercise activity has been shown to affect the concentration of leptin-affecting hormones such as insulin, cortisol, sex hormones, catecholamines, and growth hormone by altering leptin levels. The aim of this study was to compare effects of two combined tr MoreIntroduction: Exercise activity has been shown to affect the concentration of leptin-affecting hormones such as insulin, cortisol, sex hormones, catecholamines, and growth hormone by altering leptin levels. The aim of this study was to compare effects of two combined training methods and ginger consumption on weight and anorexinergic hormones in overweight women.Materials and methods: The study was performed on 32 overweight women aged 30-45 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 25-30 kg/m2. The subjects were randomly divided into four groups of resistance training, resistance training + high intensity interval training (HIIT), HIIT + resistance training and HIIT. All subjects received 250 mg of ginger supplement daily, four times a day for eight weeks. The subjects performed HIIT at 80-90% of target heart rate in form of jogging, 35 minutes a session, three sessions a week for eight weeks. Subjects in the resistance training group performed eight weeks of training at 40-50% of one repetition maximum with 20-35 repetitions. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and 48 hours after the last training session. All data were analyzed with SPSS software (version 24) at 95% confidence interval using analysis of covariance and paired t-test.Results: Findings showed that eight weeks of combined training and ginger consumption were not significantly different in leptin, cortisol and fat profile and body mass index of women (p> 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the ratio of WHR and insulin to insulin resistance of overweight women (p <0.05).Conclusion: It seems that the combined training method (resistance + HIIT) has a significant effect on WHR compared to other training protocols and it is recommended to use combined exercise for weight loss. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - Prediction of Corrosion Rate for Carbon Steel in Soil Environment by Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm
Amir Akhtari-Goshayeshi Moslem Ghobadi Ehsan Saebnoori Alireza Zarezadeh Mohammad Rostami Mohammad Nematollahi -
Open Access Article
253 - A new and quantitative approach to weighting and ecological capability evaluation and comparison with the current method of multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) (A Case Study: Settlement Development Use, Jahrom Township)
Parviz Jokar Masoud MasoudiLand use planning is a science that specified the optimized use of land based on Ecological and socioeconomic characteristics it. In many parts of the Iran, the selection and management of land use is done regardless of land capability that it causes disinvestment and r MoreLand use planning is a science that specified the optimized use of land based on Ecological and socioeconomic characteristics it. In many parts of the Iran, the selection and management of land use is done regardless of land capability that it causes disinvestment and reducing the environmental capacity. This study are investigated ecological capability evaluation for development use by GIS in Jahrom township of Fars province. There are different methods to weighting of various parameters. For this purpose in this research, a quantitative method is proposed to weigh criteria and their evaluation that compared with the current method of multi-criteria evaluation (MCE). In relation to common method of multi-criteria evaluation, it was used weighting approach based on improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (M-AHP). The next step was to evaluate the performance of each of the mentioned models throughout error matrix. Results showed that the proposed method of Regional Weighting (RW) in MCE models has higher capability than MCE (M-AHP) to estimate the ecological potential of study area. Overall, Results showed that the proposed method of Regional Weighting (RW) can be replaced to common methods of Weighting due to Simplicity, No need to questionnaire, save time and cost. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - Effects of altitiudinal variation on physical and physiological characteristics of Alder seeds (Alnus Subcordata C.A.M) (Case study Vaz forest management plan-District 1)
ghahreman Rezai فرشاد Yezdian فرزاد farzad.shafizadeh@yahoo.com M.A HedayatiIn order to survey on trends of physical and physiological changes, Alder seeds were collected from different altitudes (200-2000 masl) with a 500 m intervals from Vaz watershed forests around Nour city, Mazandaran province. After cleaning, seed traits such as moisture MoreIn order to survey on trends of physical and physiological changes, Alder seeds were collected from different altitudes (200-2000 masl) with a 500 m intervals from Vaz watershed forests around Nour city, Mazandaran province. After cleaning, seed traits such as moisture content (MC%), 1000 seed weight (TSW), seed and fruit dimentions, germination and empty seed percent were determined at seed lab of Caspian forest tree seed centre. Data were analysed by One Way ANOVA based on Duncan test with SPSS. According to results of this survey, all traits were sensible at 99% except of germination (95%). As, the highest MC% were recorded at 1500 m.a.s.l (14%) and the lowest at 200, 2000 m.a.s.l (6.6, 7.2 res). 1000 SW were increased till 1500 masl, then reduced at 2000 m.a.s.l. The highest (0.18 gr) and the lowest (0.1 gr) TSW were recorded at 1500 and 200 m.a.s.l res. The longest (2 cm) and the widest (1.38 cm) fruit were grown at 1500 and the shortest (1.3 cm) and the narrowest (.74 cm) at 200 m.a.s.l. Germination didn't show any special corelation with altitude. The highest (62%) were registered at 1500 m.a.s.l and the lowest (23%) at 200 m.a.s.l. According to the resuts of germination the highest empty seeds (62%) were found at 200 m.a.s.l and the lowest (23%) At 1500 m.a.s.l. Results of this investigation showed that the quality of Alder seeds increased to 1500 m.a.s.l. and then decreased slightly. It seems that similar investigation on the seeds of this species in Caspian region conducted to preparing of seed quality map which is an indicator of forest quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - Evaluation of ecological capability of Babolrood basin for agriculture land use using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
امید Karami S.M Hoseini nasr حمید Jalilvand M.H MiryaghubzadehToday, agriculture is one of the main economic sections of the country and economic growth is not possible without agricultural growth. Since agricultural land use requires specific environmental conditions, researchers and experts have paid special attention to the lan MoreToday, agriculture is one of the main economic sections of the country and economic growth is not possible without agricultural growth. Since agricultural land use requires specific environmental conditions, researchers and experts have paid special attention to the land use evaluation for rational development of agricultural and determination of suitable area for agriculture is very important. Regarding the importance of subject, in this study suitable area for agricultural land use in Babolrood Basin-Mazandaran province evaluated. Thus, in first step, criteria and sub-criteria determined. Then by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and with help of expert's knowledge, criteria and sub-criteria weighted, then the weights integrated with related maps using weighted linear combination technique in GIS environment and final map of agriculture capability provided. Results showed that 3.57 percent of the study area has first-class potential, 8.2, 16.19, and 2.51 percent of the study area has 2, 3 and 4 class's capability for agriculture respectively. Also 69.53 percent of the basin is unsuitable for agriculture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - TThe effect of foliar application of iron, boron, and selenium on the root morphological characteristics and the photosynthetic pigment contents of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) medicinal plant under sodium chloride salinity
mehdi Aghighi Shahverdi heshmat Omidi seyed jalal Tabatabaei Salt stress is one of the factors limiting plant growth and a major obnstacles for nutrient uptake in plants. A factorial experiment with pots in the open air was implemented based on a completely randomized design with three replications More Salt stress is one of the factors limiting plant growth and a major obnstacles for nutrient uptake in plants. A factorial experiment with pots in the open air was implemented based on a completely randomized design with three replications to evaluate the effect of foliar application of iron (Fe: Sequestrene 138 at a concentration of 5 per thousand), boron (B: Boric acid at a concentration of 5 per thousand), and selenium (Se: Sodium selenite at a concentration of 2 per thousand) under NaCl salinity on root growth characteristics and the photosynthetic pigmentscontent of Stevia plant. The experiment factors included different levels of sodium chloride (0, 3, 6, and 9 dS m-1) and spraying composition at eight levels (no spraying, Fe, B, Se, Fe + Se, Fe + B, Se + B, and Fe + Se + B). Results showed that salinity caused significant reduction in root dry weight, volume, length, diameter and density of root, percentage of dry weight to soil volume ratio, and chlorophyll a, b, and total. Among the various combinations of spraying, combined application of Fe, B, and Se had the highest mean dry weight, volume, length, area, and density of the root. The highest significant mean chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents were observed in spraying solution containing Fe at the non-stress level, and the combination of Fe and Se at 3 dS m-1 level of salinity. In general, decrease in root growth and leaf chlorophyll content (especially chlorophyll a) occurred under salt stress and generally, these factors led to the loss of plant growth at higher salinity levels (6 and 9 dS m-1). In order to reduce the negative effects of salinity stress, especially at lower levels (3 and 6 dS m-1), using Fe and Se elements are recommended to increase the chlorophyll content of the plant and improve root growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
257 - Investigation of salinity stress effect on germination of 18 strains wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Mahboobeh Riahi Akbar Mostajeran Mehran MiroliaeiSalinity is a major environmental stress that causes severe damage to crops and horticultural crops and also reduces plant biodiversity. In order to study the resistance to salinity during seed germination and early growth, 18 strains of wheat cultivars (Triticum aestiv MoreSalinity is a major environmental stress that causes severe damage to crops and horticultural crops and also reduces plant biodiversity. In order to study the resistance to salinity during seed germination and early growth, 18 strains of wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.; Including car, non-indigenous and hybrid carcasses) were investigated at four levels of control, 100, 200 and 250 mM sodium chloride. The experiments were conducted with a complete randomized block design in three replications in the research laboratory of department of Biology, University of Isfahan, 2015. The results showed that with increasing NaCl level in the culture media, germination indices were affected with more intense. Comparison of mean traits showed that different cultivars of wheat had different reactions. These cultivars were classified in two groups, so that Sorghtoghm, Hamon, Sivand, Bezostaya, Sepahan and Roshan were placed in resistant groups and Ghods, Guspard, Karaj and Navid cultivars were placed in sensitive and low dendrogram groups. Sorghtoghm and Ghods were shown to have the highest and lowest index for germination stress index (GSI) and salinity tolerance index (STI) respectively. The results showed that the different levels of salinity had significant effects on germination percent, germination rate, seedlings stem and root length, root, and shoot dry weight. All measured variables showed a significant decrease with increasing salinity level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and selection of the best genotypes in rice (Oryza sativa L.), based on BLPSI and LPSI indices
Mahnaz Katouzi Saeid Navabpour Hossein Sabouri Ali Akbar EbadiIn order to selection of best individual caused Iranian traditional rice variety, Tarommahalli (as the female parent), and a mutant Tarommahalli, (as the male parent) crosses an experiment was conducted using 350 individulas of F2 generation. from which F1 and F2 genera MoreIn order to selection of best individual caused Iranian traditional rice variety, Tarommahalli (as the female parent), and a mutant Tarommahalli, (as the male parent) crosses an experiment was conducted using 350 individulas of F2 generation. from which F1 and F2 generations were developed. Evaluation of the parents, F1 and F2 generations was carried out at the Gonbad Kavous University at 2017. 50 plants of both the F1 population and the parents and 350 individuals of the F2 population were grown in an experimental field with a spacing of 25 cm × 25 cm. Chlorophyll fluorescence properties Fo, F'o, Fm, F'm, F ', ETR, Fv, Fv / Fm, F'v / F'm, NPQ, qP, Y (II), qN, qL and weight of 100 grains, tiller number, filled grains number, unfilled grains number, plant height, panicle length, stem diameter, grain length, width and shape, straw weight, grain filling period, flag leaf length and width were recorded. The rate of electron transfer through photosystem II, flag leaf width, base fluoresce in dark-adapted conditions, the number of fertile tillers, maximum fluorescence in the dark-adapted conditions, number of primary branches, flag leaf area, flag leaf length, main panicle length and plant weight had the highest effect on grain yield, respectively. The highest response to selection belongs to 9th economic weight (heritability) in both BLPSI and LPSI indices. After, sixth coefficients (correlation) had the highest response to the selection. The results showed that the inheritance of Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters can be effectively used as an economic weight in the selection of the best individual. Genotypes 3, 6, 17, 24 and 30 were selected based on LPSI and genotypes 3 and 6 based on BLPSI as superior genotypes. The BLPSI and LPSI indices had high efficiency in this research and are recommended for improving the rice grain yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - Investigation of some physio-morphological traits of purslane (portulaca oleracea L.) landraces under drought stress
Elham Azizi Younes Rezapour mansooreh kermani ali masoomiPurslane (Portulaca Oleracea L.) is a valuable medicinal plant growing in hot and dry conditions. Since drought stress is one of the most important factors limiting the production of agricultural products in these regions, this study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of d MorePurslane (Portulaca Oleracea L.) is a valuable medicinal plant growing in hot and dry conditions. Since drought stress is one of the most important factors limiting the production of agricultural products in these regions, this study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of different purslane landraces to drought stress in the greenhouse of Payame Noor University of Daregaz during the spring 2016. The experiment was as factorial based on completely randomized design with four levels of drought stress (field capacity, 75% FC, 50% FC and 25% FC), 5 landraces of purslane (Qom, Kalat, Sabzevar, Yazd, Gachsaran), and with three replications. The studied traits were relative water content, membrane sustainability index, photosynthetic pigment contents, chlorophyll sustainability index (the amount of chlorophylls and carotenoids), proline content, soluble carbohydrates, and fresh and dry weight of roots in two stages of vegetative and reproductive growth. Results showed that an increase in water stress level decreased the relative water content and cell membrane stability index while increasing the leaf chlorophyll index, carotenoid content, proline, and carbohydrates in different landraces of purslane. Results also indicated that the landraces of Gachsaran and Yazd had higher membrane stability index, lower RWC, and lower chlorophyll content under stress. Among the studied landraces, Qom and Kalat showed significant superiority compared to Sabzevar, Yazd and Gachsaran landraces in terms of proline and soluble carbohydrates. Also, the results showed that with increasing drought stress, fresh and dry weight of roots, leaves, and stems reduced at vegetative and generative stages of plant development such that the highest morphological and physiological traits in two stages of vegetative and reproductive growth were observed in 75% and 100% of field capacity and the minimum levels of these traits were obtained in 25% of field capacity. In general, Qom and Kalat landraces were more tolerant to drought stress compared to other landraces while Gachsaran, Yazd, and Sabzevar due to the relatively weak response to drought stress in most of the measured traits, were evaluated as susceptible landraces to drought stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - Evaluation of the effect of freezing stress tolerance of Phyla lanceolata under some organic mulch in controlled conditions
maryam kamali Yahya Selahvarzi Jafar NabatiIn order to investigate the effect of frost stress on Phyla lanceolata as a cover plant under the influence of some organic mulches, this experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications at Ferdowsi Universi MoreIn order to investigate the effect of frost stress on Phyla lanceolata as a cover plant under the influence of some organic mulches, this experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Five levels of freezing temperature (0, -5, -10, -15, and -20 °C) and three types of mulch (manure, leaf needle, and bran) were treated in the experiment. For evaluation of frost tolerance temperatures, some traits such as electrolyte leakage percentage, soluble carbohydrate content, leaf proline content, leaf number, leaf area, and plant dry weight were considered. Results showed that the simple and interaction effects of mulch and temperature on the measured morphological traits, electrolyte leakage, relative water content, spade and photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll a, b and total) were significant. All of the organic mulches used in the study increased shoot and root dry weight so that by applying three mulch of bran, leaf needle, and animal manure, shoot dry weight from 2.15 g under non-mulch conditions reached to 2.72, 3.13, and 3.19 g/plant, respectively and root dry weight from 1.50 g reached 1.90, 2.23, and 2.29 g /plant, respectively. The highest electrolyte leakage (80%) was at -20 °C and in plants treated with bran mulch and the highest relative water content (55%) was at 0 °C and in plants treated with needle mulch treatment. Also, total chlorophyll content was 0.11 mg higher than that in control treatment. In general, among the mulches used, animal manure mulch had the greatest effect on mitigating the effects of frost on morphological and biochemical traits of the plant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - The effect of different levels of humic acid on some morpho-physiological traits and essential oils of garden savory (Satureja hortensis L.) under vermicompost application
Elham Azizi Nafiseh Jannati Mohammad ArminSoil fertility is an effective factor on quantity and quality of crops and medicinal plants. In order to investigate the effect of vermicompost and humic acid on quantitative and qualitative traits of savory(satureia hortensis L.), an experiment was conducted as factori MoreSoil fertility is an effective factor on quantity and quality of crops and medicinal plants. In order to investigate the effect of vermicompost and humic acid on quantitative and qualitative traits of savory(satureia hortensis L.), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design in Payame Noor University of Sabzevar under natural condition. Treatments were vermicompost in three levels (0, 25, and 50 percent in volume) and humic acid in four levels (0, 250, 500, and 750 mg.l-1). In this study, plant height, root length, branch number as well as leaf, root, and shoot dry weights and essential oil percentage and yield were measured. Results indicated that vermicompost affected stem height, branch number per m2, dry weight of leaf, stem, and root, and leaf to stem ratio significantly while this treatment did not have a significant effect on essential oil percentage and yield of savory. The highest stem height and dry weight of leaf, stem, and root were observed in 50% vermicompost. The effect of humic acid was also significant on stem and leaf dry weight and leaf to stem ratio, statistically. In general, results showed that both organic fertilizers had synergistic effect as the highest dry weight of leaf, stem, and root and also essential oil yield were obtained under vermicompost 50% and humic acid 750 mg.l-1 treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - Effect of flavobacterium, vermicompost, and humic acid on current photosynthesis, dry matter translocation, and grain yield of Triticosecale Wittma L. under salinity stress conditions
sara mohammadi kalesar lou Raouf Seyed sharifi Hamed Narimani Zhila NazariA factorial experiment was conducted on Triticosecale Wittma L. based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Research Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil during 2020. Experimental fact MoreA factorial experiment was conducted on Triticosecale Wittma L. based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Research Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil during 2020. Experimental factors included salinity levels (non-application of salinity as control and soil salinity of 50 and 100 mM NaCl), and bio-fertilizers (no application of bio-fertilizers as control, application of vermicompost, flavobacterium, vermicompost + flavobacterium + humic acid (foliar application with water as control and foliar application of 2 g.L-1 humic acid). Results showed that the highest leaf area index, root weight and volume, and leaf protein content were recorded in combined applications of vermicompost + flavobacterium + foliar application of humic acid under non-salinity conditions. Also, combined application of vermicompost + flavobacterium + foliar humic acid under non-salinity conditions decreased dry matter translocation from stem, shoot, and its contribution to grain yield by 31.97, 40.8, and 138.84% respectively while increasing grain yield, current photosynthesis, and contribution of current photosynthesis in grain yield by 69.56, 151.44, and 48.3%, respectively compared to no application of bio-fertilizers and humic acid under 100 mM soil salinity. Based on the results, it seems that the application of bio-fertilizers and humic acid can increase current photosynthesis and its contribution in grain yield of triticale by improving leaf area index, root weight, and volume. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - Evaluation of morphophysiological reaction of Eryngium campestre under the influence of nitroxin, humic acid and glycine
Zeinab Nasrollahnejad Khodayar Hemmati Vahid Erfani Moghaddam Mehrdad BabarabieEryngium campestre is a medicinal plant belonging to the Apiaceae family, which is very important in the pharmaceutical industry. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of glycine, nitroxin fertilizer, and humic acid on morphophysiological traits of E MoreEryngium campestre is a medicinal plant belonging to the Apiaceae family, which is very important in the pharmaceutical industry. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of glycine, nitroxin fertilizer, and humic acid on morphophysiological traits of Eringum campster. The experiment was conducted in factorial based on a completely randomized design with 3 factors namely, nitroxin (0, 1, 2 ml.l-1), humic acid (0, 1, 2 ml.l-1), and glycine (0, 75, 150 g.L-1) and 3 replications in the greenhouse of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in the autumn of 2019. The measured traits included root fresh weight, root dry weight, root length, plant height, number of leaves, leaf surface, and absorption rate of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus elements by leaves. Results showed that the traits measured under nitroxin, glycine, and humic acid factors separately and in combination with each other were significantly different compared to the control. In general, the results showed that the factors used in this study had the potential to improve the quantitative and qualitative traits of the Eringum campster plant and can be used in commercial production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - The effect of humic acidic and cycocel on yield, yield components, and photosynthetic material remobilization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under end-of-the-season drought stress conditions
Maryam Shirvanian Mani Mojaddam Shahram Lack Mojtaba Alavifazel Seyed Keyvan MarashiIn order to investigate the effect of humic acidic and cycocel on yield, yield components, and remobilization of wheat photosynthetic materials under end-of-the-season drought stress conditions, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete b MoreIn order to investigate the effect of humic acidic and cycocel on yield, yield components, and remobilization of wheat photosynthetic materials under end-of-the-season drought stress conditions, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in field in Ahvaz during two years (2017-19). The main factor of drought stress at the end of the season with two levels of normal irrigation and cessation of irrigation in the post-pollination stage, cycocel with three levels of water as a control, 1.5 g/l, and 3 g/l, and humic acid with three levels of non-foliar application (water as control), 2 liters per hectare, and 4 liters per hectare were factorial sub-factors. Results showed that the interaction of end-of-the-season drought stress and cycocel on grain yield and number of grains per spike was significant. The highest grain yield (4840.5 kg ha-1) was obtained by applying 3 g/l cycocel under normal irrigation conditions, which did not show a statistically significant difference from the application of 3 g/l cycocel under drought stress at the end of the season. Application of humic acid had a positive and significant effect on all test traits. The highest grain yield, number of grains per spike, and 1000-grain weight were obtained from the application of 3 liters per hectare of humic acid under normal irrigation conditions. Under end-of-the season drought stress, the current photosynthesis and the share of current photosynthesis decreased by 29% and 10%, respectively while remobilization and contribution of remobilization increased by 16% and 34%, respectively. In general, to increase the rate of grain yield under optimal conditions and reduce the drop in stress conditions, growth regulators such as cycocel by a concentration of 3 g/l and organic acid fertilizer by the concentration of 4 liters per hectare are recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - Investigation on Chemical Constituents of Essential oils from Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch from two local by Distillation methods
کامکار Jaimand mb Rezaee معصومه MazandraniThe compostion of the oils from flower and leaf of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch were collected during the flowering priod from 15 km away from Esfhan on alt. 1650 m. in July 2003. The essential oils were obtained by different methods of distillation (steam distillation a MoreThe compostion of the oils from flower and leaf of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch were collected during the flowering priod from 15 km away from Esfhan on alt. 1650 m. in July 2003. The essential oils were obtained by different methods of distillation (steam distillation and hydrodistillation), the percentage of oils for flower were 0/17% and 0.25% respectively, and calculated on the dry weight, and analysis by GC and GC/MS. The major constituents determined by hydrodistillation method in flower were p–cymene (33.3%), terpinolene (11.2%) and a-thujene (10.9%) and by steam distillation method in flower were p – cymene (22.1%), germacrene B (11%) and terpinolene (9.8%), respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - Investigating the Possibility of Increasing the Physiological Function of (Lippia citriodora L.) Using Biological Stimuli under Salinity Stress Conditions
Reza Dehghani BidgoliEnvironmental stresses are one of the most important factors in reducing the function of medicinal plants. The use of plant growth regulators such as PGPR can be a way to reduce the effects of salinity stress. Environmental factors, cause changes in the growth of medici MoreEnvironmental stresses are one of the most important factors in reducing the function of medicinal plants. The use of plant growth regulators such as PGPR can be a way to reduce the effects of salinity stress. Environmental factors, cause changes in the growth of medicinal plants and, on the other hand, alter the amount and quality of their active substances, such as alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, volatile oils (essential oils). The experiment was conducted factorial based on a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments in four replications at greenhouse of University of Kashan. The first factor was salinity stress at 3 levels including 25, 50 and 100 (MM) Mili molar and salinity treatments were performed after complete sowing of cultivated plants. The second factor was bacterial growth stimulus in four levels including control (0), 10-10, 10-8 and 10-6 molar and the addition to the potted soil as a solution before applying salinity stress. It was found that the use of plant growth regulator PGPR is essential for maintaining the economic performance of plants under stress. The results showed that increased levels of salinity had a significant effect on reducing the growth parameters including dry weight, root length, plant height and essential oil yield. According to the results, the percentage of essential oil with increased levels of salinity significantly at 1% level, so that the percentage of essential oil from 0.45 in 25 (MM) treatment was increased to 0.96 in 100(MM) and the use of 10-8 M PGPR. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - Effect of nano chelates (iron and zinc) and nitrogen (biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer) on some morphophysiological characteristics and essential oil yield of two Basil populations
saeed fatahi siahkamari Hossein aroiee Majid Azizi ali salehi sardoeiBasil (Ocimum basillicum L.) belonging to the Lamiaceae familyis an important herbal medicinal plant that essential oils from the aerial parts of the plant have been used in food industry as an antibacterial agent and perfumery. This study was conducted in 2014 at the r MoreBasil (Ocimum basillicum L.) belonging to the Lamiaceae familyis an important herbal medicinal plant that essential oils from the aerial parts of the plant have been used in food industry as an antibacterial agent and perfumery. This study was conducted in 2014 at the research farm of Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The treatments were arranged a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The experimental treatments were two basil populations including Varam in and Qaen and different amounts of macro and micro-elements in nine levels. The traits in this study included plant height, leaf length, leaf width, dry weight, number of leaves, number of sub branches, Chlorophyll a and b, Carotenoid and essential oil. The results revealed that the majority of these traits affected by experimental treatments.The result of mean comparisons were showed that the highest dry weight (77.66 g/m2) belonged toVaram in population by application of nano- zinc chelate fertilizer at 1.5 kg/h. Based on the results, the highest chlorophyll a (6.5 g/mg FW) was obtained in Qaen population using urea fertilizer at 60kg/ha. The Varam in population with 0.93 percent essential oil had a significant superiority to the Qaen population with an average of 0.77%V/W essential oil. In addition, application of nitrox in fertilizer at 3 kg/ha had the highest amount of essential oil (1. 09%). The Varam in population with 0.93% essential oil was better than Qaen population. Application of nitroxin bio fertilizer at 3 kg/ha also had the highest essential oil (1. 09%). The results of the present study showed that different treatments concentrations had different results on the measurement traits. It seems that application of nano chelate fertilizer and nitroxin bio fertilizer can be effectively used to improve soil, environment and human health and serve as a good substitute of chemical fertilizers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
268 - The effect of density and enriched straw on phytochemical responses and yield of Bakhtiari savory (Satureja bachtiarica Bunge.) in dry farming condition
Ahmad Mirjalili mohammad hosein Lebaschy Mohammad Reza Ardakani hosein heydari sharif abad Mehdi MirzaThis study was conducted to evaluate the yield and phytochemical properties of Bakhtiari savory under the influence of enriched wheat straw and plant different densities. The experiment was conducted in the form of split plots based on randomized complete block design i MoreThis study was conducted to evaluate the yield and phytochemical properties of Bakhtiari savory under the influence of enriched wheat straw and plant different densities. The experiment was conducted in the form of split plots based on randomized complete block design in 1396 and 1397 in dry farming condition and at Hamand Rangeland Research Station. The main factor included, 10 tons of wheat straw per hectare (enriched with ammonium sulfate) and the control and sub-factor included, density 26666 and 40,000 and 80,000 plants per hectare. The measured traits included fresh and dry weight yield, percentage and essential oil yield and identification of essential oil compounds, which was performed from the plant shoots at full flowering stage. The essential oil was extracted by water distillation. Also, GC and GC/MS analysis methods were used to determine the percentage and type of essential oil compounds. The highest yield of essential oil with 3.7 kg. ha-1 was obtained with enriched straw treatment and high plant density and in second year. The highest percentage of essential oil compounds, the carvacrol with 61.85% was obtained in treatment of enriched straw, high density and in second year. The highest percentage of thymol with 12.51% was obtained in treatment of enriched straw and medium density in second year. The results of this study showed that the Bakhtiari savory by using enriched straw and high and medium densities from second year could increase the major compounds percentage of essential oil, including carvacrol and thymol, γ-terpinene and linalool. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
269 - Analysis and Evaluation of the Environmental Viability of Rural Areas of Baluchestan with Infrastructural Facilities (A Case Study of Daman Village in Iranshahr)
sajedeh azar Javad Bazrafshan Abouzar PaidarEveryone from the city or village who wants a satisfactory life and of course wants to have a good life, and of course the satisfying living conditions necessitate the providence of long-term welfare for the communities. Viability of villages is affected by elements of MoreEveryone from the city or village who wants a satisfactory life and of course wants to have a good life, and of course the satisfying living conditions necessitate the providence of long-term welfare for the communities. Viability of villages is affected by elements of time and space. Rural settlements vary according to the time period and geographical location. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the viability and facilities and utilities. The method of the study according to the nature of the study was analytical and as far as the purpose of the study was considered, it was practical. The necessary data were gathered from libraries, questionnaires and interviews with the people and local authorities. The study population consisted of 20 villages of rural households in Daman, Iranshahr consisting of 17 villages respectively. The sample of the study consisted of 287 people and 17 villages. In order to rank the villages regarding the facilities and services of center-weighted index model and also for ranking those villages based on the status of environmental indicators the VIKOR model was used. The evaluation of the obtained results showed that there is no significant correlation between having higher levels of service receiving and viability. Populated villages were shown to benefit from a higher level of services and facilities according to the results of center weighted model, but were at a low level of viability in the environment according to VIKOR. As a result, it cannot be said that only by providing the villages with equipments and facilities, the villages can be compatible and healthy. On the contrary, the results are in contrast with the positivists’ comments who believe that by increasing the level of services, environmental and biological abnormalities and problems will be removed in villages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
270 - Analysis and Ranking of Provinces of Iranian Terms of Strategic Territorial Potentials
Heydar Lotfi Mostafa RashidiDifferent countries have a different position in terms of economic, political, cultural, security and so on. These factors would determine the global ranking of countries in the geopolitical structure of the world. This position is global geopolitical situation in MoreDifferent countries have a different position in terms of economic, political, cultural, security and so on. These factors would determine the global ranking of countries in the geopolitical structure of the world. This position is global geopolitical situation in terms of sum and product of the factors that contribute to determining the geopolitical position which is called geopolitical weight. Factors determine the potential for a significant part of a country determine its geopolitical weight. Territorial potentials, which have important role in determining the weight and geopolitical position of the country as well as the development and independence of their country's strategic capabilities. In this paper, we have tried to study the role of the different provinces of a country's strategic potential of their analysis and their provincial ranking. In this context, the fundamental question is: What are the provinces in terms of territorial strategic capabilities that have the greatest impact on the country's geopolitical weight? This cross-sectional study was conducted in a manner and the form of mixed-method (quantitative-qualitative). Data of the paper have been collected from the literature and documents of the governors and institutions and reputable sites and ministries Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
271 - The Effect of eight weeks Aerobic Training with Low or High Intensity on Cardiovascular System, Aerobic and Anaerobic Power in Overweight Men
Ali Mostafaloo Hadi RohaniThe purpose of this study was to the Effect of eight weeks Aerobic Training with Low or High Intensity on Cardiovascular System, Aerobic and Anaerobic Power in Overweight Men. 24 overweight men (weight, 86.3±13.5 kg; age, 24.6±0.3 yrs; VO2max, 29.3± MoreThe purpose of this study was to the Effect of eight weeks Aerobic Training with Low or High Intensity on Cardiovascular System, Aerobic and Anaerobic Power in Overweight Men. 24 overweight men (weight, 86.3±13.5 kg; age, 24.6±0.3 yrs; VO2max, 29.3±10.3 ml/kg/min) participated in an eight week intervention. The subjects were randomly assigned to each of High Intensity Training [70-80% VO2max] (HI), Low Intensity Training [40-50% VO2max] (LI) and/or Control (C) groups. Exercise training was including running a same distance for both trial groups (isovolumic) with different intensities in each session and three sessions/week. Resting blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after the intervention. VO2max and anaerobic power were estimated using Cooper and RAST tests, respectively. A significant difference was found between two experimental groups in min power and mean power, but not in max power and fatigue index. Significant changes shown in heart rate from pre to post measurements in both experimental groups which it was grater in HI compare to LI group. VO2max significantly increased in experimental groups but has no significant difference between them. Systolic blood pressure, also, significantly altered in both experimental groups which it was slightly, but not significantly, higher in HI in compare to LI group. However, diastolic blood pressure was unchanged. So, exercise training with high intensity may have more effects on some cardiovascular and anaerobic power parameters in overweight peoples. It seems that aerobic training advantage in relation to aerobic power may not be dependent on its intensity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
272 - The effect of eight weeks of continuous-resistance training on lipid profile and body composition of overweight women
keyvan hejaziBackground and purpose: Lipid profiles play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of continuous-resistance training on lipid profile and body composition of overweight women.Material and Methods: In t MoreBackground and purpose: Lipid profiles play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of continuous-resistance training on lipid profile and body composition of overweight women.Material and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 24 overweight women were randomly assigned to control (n=12) and experimental (n=12). The program training include: 80-90 min per session, 3 times per week for 8 weeks participate in continuous-resistance. Blood samples were collected 24 hours before training and 48 hours after training session. To make intra and intergroup comparisons t-test for dependent and independent samples were used. Results: Levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein decreased significantly, while levels of high-density lipoprotein increased significantly. Body weight and body mass index values decreased significantly at the end of the period.Conclusion: Eight weeks of continuous-resistance training resulted in improved lipid profile and body composition at the end of the training period. Therefore, the results of our research suggest that a continuous-resistance training program can improve the health of overweight women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
273 - Obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls
اکرم اصفهانی نیا shadmehr mirdar harijaniThe purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls in Aliabad Katoul city. The research method of this research is descriptive and inferential which has been conducted i MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls in Aliabad Katoul city. The research method of this research is descriptive and inferential which has been conducted in the field. The population of the study includes 1816 girl students aged 12 to 14 years which 316 students were selected as a sample based on Udinsky table. To estimate the maximum oxygen consumption, a 20-meter shuttle run test was used, Body Mass Index was used to calculate obesity and overweight and subcutaneous fat thickness was used to calculate body fat percentage. Subcutaneous fat thickness was measured at three points in the triceps, calf, and subscapular by a Harponden caliper. Pearson correlation method was used to investigate the relationship between obesity and overweight with cardiorespiratory fitness.Findings showed that the percentage of body fat in adolescent girls’ students increased with age. The findings also showed a decrease in cardiorespiratory fitness of girls’ students with age. According to the results of the study, it is suggested that families, physical education teachers and education officials in schools to include regular activities to improve the respiratory fitness and reduce fatness and overweight of students in their program. In addition, programs increase parents 'awareness about their children's physical condition, solve the problems of overweight and obesity, and improve students' cardiorespiratory fitness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
274 - The effect of eight weeks of TRX and CRX exercising on body composition and lipid profile indices in overweight young women
Nasim Alimoradi Haneyeh Noorolahi Fatemeh HosseiniIntroduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of TRX and CRX exercises on body composition indices and lipid profile in overweight young women.Methods: 59 subjects were randomly divided into three training groups: TRX (n = 20), CRX (n = 19) and C MoreIntroduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of TRX and CRX exercises on body composition indices and lipid profile in overweight young women.Methods: 59 subjects were randomly divided into three training groups: TRX (n = 20), CRX (n = 19) and CG (n = 20). The program of both training groups included 10 minutes of warm-up with stretching and flexibility movements and then 10 circular stationary movements for 30 to 40 minutes, which ended with 10 minutes of stretching movements to cool down. The TRX group trained with resistance bands and the CRX group with weight training. Research variables were measured before and after exercises. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data at a significance level of 0.05.Results: Comparison of BMI and WHR showed that these variables were significantly reduced in the TRX group compared to the CRX and CG groups. While the PBF variable in TRX and CRX groups showed a significant decrease compared to CG. Also, in lipid profile indices of TG, VLDL-C, HDL-C and TC/HDL-C, TRX group showed a significant improvement compared to CRX and CG groups. In TC, LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C indices, significant improvement was observed compared to CG in both training groups (P≥0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that an eight-week of TRX and CRX exercises is effective in improving body composition indices and lipid profile of overweight young women; But TRX exercises are more effective than CRX. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
275 - Effects of Dynamic Warm-up With and Without a Weighted Vest on jump and maximal power performance of lower limb in male soccer players
Minoo Dadban shahamatBackground& Purpose: Present study was aimed to investigate Effects of Dynamic Warm-up With and Without a Weighted Vest on jump and maximal power performance of lower limb in male soccer players.Material and Methods: 15 young male soccer players voluntarily particip MoreBackground& Purpose: Present study was aimed to investigate Effects of Dynamic Warm-up With and Without a Weighted Vest on jump and maximal power performance of lower limb in male soccer players.Material and Methods: 15 young male soccer players voluntarily participated in this study. Warm up protocol included General Warm up (running at 70% of maximum heart rate) and Warm up using Weighted Vest was about 6% of body weight participants. The data was processed by using SPSS version 21 and dependent t-test and 2-way ANOVA for repeated measures and Bonferroni test. Results: Dynamic Warm-up without a Weighted Vest led to significant decrease in long jump record, jump Sargent index and maximal strength (p≤0.05). In contrast, Dynamic Warm-up with Weighted Vest resulted in a significant increase in long jump, jump Sargent and maximal strength (p≤0.05). Dynamic Warm-up with Weighted Vest led to significant increase in long jump performance in comparison of General Warm up (p≤0.05). There was no significant difference between the effects of two dynamic warm-ups in jump performance, Sargent and lower limb maximal strength (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The results showed an improvement in vertical jump performance with load 6% by weight vest during the warm-up protocol compared to the General Warm up. It seems that the use of this method of heating is more effective in developing power performance of young soccer players. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
276 - Changes in VCAM-1 levels and metabolic syndrome indicators in overweight men following a combined exercise
Seyed Abdollah Hashemvarzi Mohammad Hossein Akha hajar abbaszadeh Sajjad ArshadiIntroduction: Compared to people with a muscular body, obese specimens show higher levels of inflamed cytokines and sticky molecules. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in VCAM-1 levels and metabolic syndrome indicators in obese men following a combined ex MoreIntroduction: Compared to people with a muscular body, obese specimens show higher levels of inflamed cytokines and sticky molecules. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in VCAM-1 levels and metabolic syndrome indicators in obese men following a combined exercise course.Materials and Methods: Twenty obese volunteer men in Tehran were selected as subjects in this study and were randomly assigned to two control and combined exercise groups. Combined practice included endurance and resistance training. Endurance training was an adjusted running protocol with an intensity of 50 to 70% of the maximum heart rate on the treadmill for 16 to 30 minutes. Also, resistance training, including chest presses, armpit stretching, leg and leg presses was with an intensity of 50 to 80% of a maximum repetition. VCAM-1 serum levels and metabolic indicators were measured using ELISA commercial kits. In this study, a variance test with repeated measurements was used to investigate differences between groups.Results: VCAM-1, TG, LDL and cholesterol levels were significantly reduced and HDL levels was significantly increased, in exercise group compared to control group.Conclusion: In general, according to the results, it seems that exercise for eight weeks can be considered as a protective factor against VCAM-1 serum levels and metabolic indicators in obese people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
277 - Performance Evaluation of Banking Organizations Using the New Proposed Integrated DEA-BSC Model
Kianoosh Kianfar Mahnaz Ahadzadeh Namin Akbar Alam Tabriz Esmaeil Najafi Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi -
Open Access Article
278 - Design and Implementation of an Optimal PV Refrigeration System in the Smart Grid Considering Multi-objective Optimization
Rasool Javizadegan Mehdi MahdavianToday, optimization in power systems is an unavoidable necessity. Energy intensity reduction in electrical devices and enhancement of their efficiency and performance, electricity loss reduction and voltage profile improvement of the power grid are some instances of opt MoreToday, optimization in power systems is an unavoidable necessity. Energy intensity reduction in electrical devices and enhancement of their efficiency and performance, electricity loss reduction and voltage profile improvement of the power grid are some instances of optimization usage in power systems. Refrigerated systems, such as refrigerators, can, in addition to exploiting PV systems in a power grid, be part of the supply and demand of electrical energy, so that they store energy as energy and, in the necessary conditions, allow Energy to injecting into the power grid by a photovoltaic system. In this paper, the design and construction of a photovoltaic refrigeration system connected to the network and its optimal performance is discussed. The objective cost and refrigerating temperature functions are considered as two main goals and the final answer is chosen by using the non-dominated sorting genetic optimization algorithm and then using the weighted sum model method. The simulation results with MATLAB software as well as the results of implementing the proposed system's hardware system in the project verify both the performance and the optimal performance of the proposed system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
279 - Smart Network to Monitor Breast Cancer Patient Based on Network Arrangement and Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis
Javad Nouri Pour Mohammad Ali Pourmina Mohamed Naser Moghadasi Behbod GhalamkariIn this article, a smart network is proposed to monitor a patient with breast cancer. Increasing the speed of the patient monitoring network depends on our observation, thinking and understanding of the patient. Various factors of the network make us more aware of the d MoreIn this article, a smart network is proposed to monitor a patient with breast cancer. Increasing the speed of the patient monitoring network depends on our observation, thinking and understanding of the patient. Various factors of the network make us more aware of the disease. has it. The cycle of controlling and monitoring the patient includes observation, orientation, decision and action, this cycle is a set of consecutive actions, which changes with the change of network arrangement, orientation, decision and action. In this article, we design the structure of the smart network according to the weight of the nodes, the communication paths in such a way that the cycle of control and monitoring (analysis, decision and action) performs well. We model the control and monitoring cycle with the proposed method of fuzzy hierarchical analysis process (FAHP). This model adjusts the decision-making criteria by recognizing the identification priorities in such a way that the speed of network detection increases with the least time. It is also a suitable tool for modeling the monitoring cycle and the results of the smart network. The simulation results show that this network has the necessary intelligence to assess the patient's condition in adverse conditions, has the power to continuously analyze and evaluate the patient, and also has the power to make timely decisions in different situations. These results show that according to the network arrangement and fuzzy hierarchical analysis, the speed rate of the network has improved by 10% compared to other networks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
280 - A Replacement Method Based on Shannon Entropy and Simple Additive Weighting Method in Named Data Networks
Mohammad Soltani Behrang Barekatain Faramarz Hendesi Zahra BeheshtiThe named data network has been introduced as one of the next generation content-oriented network architectures in the future of the Internet. Recently, the challenge of content replacement has attracted the attention of researchers due to its special importance. Althou MoreThe named data network has been introduced as one of the next generation content-oriented network architectures in the future of the Internet. Recently, the challenge of content replacement has attracted the attention of researchers due to its special importance. Although the methods introduced so far have tried to improve this challenge, non-dynamic weighting and the use of only one criterion to select the output content have made the need for further improvement in the access delay inevitable. Regarding this matter, a novel strategy is presented based on the simple additive weighting (SAW) with the dynamic weighting of Shannon’s entropy for content replacement. In the proposed method, the important parameters such as the popularity of the content and the time of the last visit are included. According to the conditions of the content, it is possible to change the weights of the criteria dynamically using Shannon's entropy method. Content scoring is done using the SAW method and appropriate content is determined to replace the content. Among the innovations of the proposed method can be mentioned the consideration of influential criteria in named data networks, such as content popularity and the time of the last visit to replace the content, as well as the dynamic weight of the criteria, which reduces the delay and increases the hit rate. The results of the simulation in ndnSIM indicate the improvement access delay and hit rate compared to similar methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
281 - Speech Separation Using Reduced Complexity DUET Algorithm in Real Environment
Farinaz Ackochekian Mohsen AshoreianThe Degenerate Unmixing Estimation Technique (DUET) is a practical algorithm for source separation in anechoic environment. DUET performs source separation by frequency domain processing and is independent of the number of mixed sources. However performance of this algo MoreThe Degenerate Unmixing Estimation Technique (DUET) is a practical algorithm for source separation in anechoic environment. DUET performs source separation by frequency domain processing and is independent of the number of mixed sources. However performance of this algorithm for long speech signals is very slow. In this research we first down sampled real mixtures and then implemented the modified DUET algorithm. Using the proposed method reduces the implementation time almost one third of the basic algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
282 - Investigation of effective parameters on compressive strength, specific electrical resistance and water absorption of lightweight pervious concrete
Shahriar GholaminNoveirsar Morteza Jamshidi Rahmat MadandoustPervious concrete is a special type of lightweight concrete with low or even zero slump, which consists of cement, coarse aggregate, a limited percentage of fine aggregate (or no fine aggregate), various chemical and pozzolanic additives. In this article, structural LEC MorePervious concrete is a special type of lightweight concrete with low or even zero slump, which consists of cement, coarse aggregate, a limited percentage of fine aggregate (or no fine aggregate), various chemical and pozzolanic additives. In this article, structural LECA with a volumetric weight of 750 kg/m3 and a fixed water-to-cement ratio (W/C = 0.3) was used to make lightweight pervious concrete and the effect of different ratios of lightweight aggregate to cement (A/C) including 1.5, 1.8, 2.1, 2.4, 2.7, 3, total porosity and volume percentage of cement paste on compressive strength , specific electrical resistance and percentage of water absorption of lightweight pervious concrete aged 28 days were investigated. With the increase of A/C ratio from 1.5 to 3, the volume of cement paste decreased from 30.873% to 15.436% in the samples and the total porosity increased from 21.64% to 38.08%, which led to a decrease Specific electrical resistance decreased from 11.45 to 6.841 , compressive strength decreased from 13.27 MPa to 4.37 MPa, and water absorption increased from 11.185% to 12.695% in lightweight pervious concrete samples. The results of this research showed the improvement of physical properties and the decrease of mechanical properties and durability of lightweight pervious concrete containing LECA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
283 - بهینه سازی وزن قاب های فالادی با استفاده از الگوریتم ژنتیک
EHSAN KARIMIOptimization of structures for minimum weight has become important in the recent designs. In this study, a genetic optimization algorithm for weight minimization of steel frames has been used. The genetic algorithm is an optimization and search technique based on the pr MoreOptimization of structures for minimum weight has become important in the recent designs. In this study, a genetic optimization algorithm for weight minimization of steel frames has been used. The genetic algorithm is an optimization and search technique based on the principles of genetics and natural selection. Constraints regarding material strength and serviceability are taken from “AISC code (1989)” and implemented in the algorithm. The design process obtains a frame and bracing pattern with the least weight by selecting appropriate sections for beams, columns and bracing members from the standard set of steel sections. The results of this study indicates that the optimization based on weight minimization is also able to improve structural performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
284 - Investigating of the Performance of Different Diagonal Brace Patterns in Rehabilitation Lightweight Steel Frame (LSF)
mohamad reza shokrzadeh armin aziminejhadLightweight steel structures (LSFs), which are manufactured dry and manufactured using industrial production and cold rolling (CFS). For carrying the side loads in cold-rolled structures, belt braces or shear walls are used. . Considering that the weight of the material MoreLightweight steel structures (LSFs), which are manufactured dry and manufactured using industrial production and cold rolling (CFS). For carrying the side loads in cold-rolled structures, belt braces or shear walls are used. . Considering that the weight of the materials, the preparation and implementation of the wall is a limiting factor for its use in the repair of the frames. Determining the proper makeup that reduces the use of wall panels can be a significant factor in improving the performance of the frames in improving and framing the frames. The sample of the laboratory chosen to examine the performance of the LSF lightweight steel frame system and the accuracy of the modeling in the ABAQUS software includes a LSF light steel frame system, tested by Bin Liu et al. (2016). For this purpose, the frame reinforced samples were categorized in three general categories, including a non-reinforced sample, a braided braid, a double-row braid, and a 45-degree reinforced sample under a monotonic loading, comparing the results obtained from the sample analysis With non-reinforced specimens, it was found that the bearing capacity of the reinforced frame with double-row double-row multi-row bricks was close to the full 45-degree frame. Use of higher yielding steel increased the static strength and earth-impact resistance of the bracing, but the ability The energy absorption reduces it. Use of 45 ° steel sheets adds an extra Its shape is framed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
285 - Long term and short term effect of zeolite on tensile and pressure strenght of semi light weight concrete with local materials of sistan and baluchestan
Adel Rezai Reza rahgozarLight weight construction is one of modern topics in civil engineering, the topic of reducing weight of structure is achiev by use of new technique and optimization of construction procedure. Consideration to wide use of concrete and enviromental pollu MoreLight weight construction is one of modern topics in civil engineering, the topic of reducing weight of structure is achiev by use of new technique and optimization of construction procedure. Consideration to wide use of concrete and enviromental pollution to the reason of using cement, investigators are trying to replace a part of cement by natural and artifitial pozzolan and nano particle materials. In this study the use of natural pozzolan zeolite with different percents 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 investigated and longterm and short term effects on the compression and tensile strenght on semi light weight concrete at the age 3, 56, 90 days were studied and compared with control specimen. Result shows that 5% and 10% replacement of zeolite improve compression strength at the age of 3, 90 days, and for age of 56 days most improvement is related to 15% replacement by zeolite. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
286 - Evaluation of Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Concrete Containing Different Percentages of Polypropylene and Zeolite Fibers
Abdolkarim Abbasi Dezfouli Rezbeh AghajaryLightweight concrete is one of the most important and efficient materials in the modern construction industry and has a variety of applications. Proper application of lightweight concrete can have many positive influences on the construction process of concrete structur MoreLightweight concrete is one of the most important and efficient materials in the modern construction industry and has a variety of applications. Proper application of lightweight concrete can have many positive influences on the construction process of concrete structures. The possibility of application in the most geographical regions, utility of natural and cheap materials, high speed, low cost compared to the large volume of operations and its ductility due to the geometric shapes of the design, good performance and very high resistance, resistant to compressive forces and tensile strength, energy absorption and cracking stability are the prominent features of lightweight structural concretes. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the rheological and mechanical properties of the lightweight concrete containing different percentages of zeolite and polypropylene fiber separately. In this research, applying laboratory method, the rheological properties of fresh lightweight concrete (soft concrete) and the mechanical properties of hardened lightweight concrete at the ages of 7 and 28 days have been evaluated. According to ASTMC 39 standard, two samples of lightweight concrete without zeolite and polypropylene at the ages of 7 and 28 days have been prepared and mechanically evaluated. Then, in continuation of preparing of the light concrete samples prepared based on ASTMC 39 standard, three mixing designs with different percentages of polypropylene fibers (0.9, 1 and 1.1%) and 3 mixing designs with different percentages of zeolite (5, 10 and 15%) , at the mentioned ages were examined and compared with the base samples in the laboratory, which resulted in the following findings: Lightweight concrete samples containing zeolite had a higher electrical resistance than lightweight concrete samples containing polypropylene and the highest compressive strength was related to lightweight concrete samples containing 15% zeolite. This is equivalent to 400.75 kg / cm3 at the age of 28 days. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
287 - behavior pattern of Compressive and tensile strength of structural lightweight concrete Consisting perlite, leca and Steel Fiber
Hossein Shaddel milad kheiri ghoje biglu abdollah enayati tekleConsidering that the weight of the structure increases the forces involved, especially the lateral forces such as earthquakes, so for this reason, as far as we can take the building path, we have been able to withstand earthquake resistance to the structure. Since, one MoreConsidering that the weight of the structure increases the forces involved, especially the lateral forces such as earthquakes, so for this reason, as far as we can take the building path, we have been able to withstand earthquake resistance to the structure. Since, one of the commonly used methods for producing the light eight concrete, utilizes the light weight aggregates with significant role in the concrete strength, proposing the optimized mix-design for the light weight concrete appears to be important. The result of experiments on 140 samples are representative of achieving to structural lightweight concrete according to ASTM C330 Standard which limits the specific gravity of structural light weight concrete to 1850 kg/cm3 and limits the minimum compressive strength of structural lightweight concreteto170 kg/cm3. Specific gravity and compressive strength of samples could be reached to defined limitation according to ASTM C330 Standard by using the very little particles of pozzolans and by changing in mix design Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
288 - Voiced-Unvoiced-Silence Detection of Speech Signal using Combined Spectro-Temporal Features
Nafiseh Esfandian -
Open Access Article
289 - A Compromise Solution Approach for Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis: A Case of the Efficiency Prediction
Nam Hyok Kim Feng He Kwang-Chol Ri Son-Il KwakThe data envelopment analysis (DEA) a data-oriented approach for evaluating the relative performance of decision-making units (DMUs). The traditional DEA applies only to crisp data, whereas the data collected in the real world may be ambiguous and imprecise. The fuzzy D MoreThe data envelopment analysis (DEA) a data-oriented approach for evaluating the relative performance of decision-making units (DMUs). The traditional DEA applies only to crisp data, whereas the data collected in the real world may be ambiguous and imprecise. The fuzzy DEA is an extension of the DEA using the fuzzy variable to deal with uncertain or imprecise data. This paper proposes two new fuzzy arithmetic-based DEA models with dynamic weights and common weights, formulated as multiple objective decision-making (MODM), and proposed models are represented as the linear programs providing the compromise solutions. The numerical experiment is illustrated to examine the validity of the proposed models, and the experiment shows that the proposed models give better results than other models. The proposed fuzzy DEA models are applied to predict the energy efficiency of 40 iron and steel enterprises in China. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
290 - A New Weighted Goal Programming Technique to Solve Fully Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi-Objective Fixed Charge Solid Transportation Problem
Awdhesh Bind Deepika Rani Kapil Goyal -
Open Access Article
291 - Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus ruteri isolated from dairy products in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat models
Elham Aminian Elham Moazamian Mohammad Amin EdatamaneshBased on the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus isolated from dairy products on blood glucose in diabetic rats. Isolation and characterization of Lactobacillus from dairy products were performed u MoreBased on the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus isolated from dairy products on blood glucose in diabetic rats. Isolation and characterization of Lactobacillus from dairy products were performed using biochemical and molecular tests. In this study, treatment was performed on 49 male Wistar rats with a mean age of approximately 6 to 8 weeks. Rats were divided into 7 groups of 7 each. In the intervention group, Lactobacillus ruteri and Lactobacillus plantarum were used. At the end of 4 weeks, weight changes and blood glucose levels of the rats were compared to the positive and negative controls. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test for comparison of variables. The results showed that during one month the mice were exposed to Lactobacillus bacteria had the highest weight in the fourth week and the lowest weight in the first week of the study. A significant decrease in blood glucose level was observed in the groups consuming L. plantarum and L. ruteri. The present study showed that intervention of Lactobacillus without altering diet or specific diet in rats can significantly decrease blood sugar in the bacterial group. Considering the effect of the studied bacteria on blood glucose reduction, it can be claimed that Lactobacillus can be suggested as an adjunctive treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
292 - اثرات ترکیبی عصاره اتانولی گیاهان Anthocleista vogelii و Alstonia boonei بر میزان سطح هورمونهای جنسی در هیپرپلازی خوش خیم پروستات (BPH) در موشهای صحرایی
رابرت اوروکو چوکو چارلز نانا جوسفات اکور داوید اباسی نیکیو ازوگوBackground & Aim:Combined ethanol extract of A. vogelii and A. boonei stem (CEAA) barks is commonly used to treat prostate disorders whereas its effects on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has not been scientifically validated. This study investigated the effects MoreBackground & Aim:Combined ethanol extract of A. vogelii and A. boonei stem (CEAA) barks is commonly used to treat prostate disorders whereas its effects on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has not been scientifically validated. This study investigated the effects of CEAA on prostate weight, prostate index and serum androgenic and estrogenic hormonal levels of BPH induced rats.Experimental: The study had 6 groups containing 5 male Wistar albino rats each. Group 1 was the normal control rats without BPH induction while group 2 was the BPH induced rats without any treatment (BPH) control. Groups 3 – 5 were BPH induced rats treated with 5 mg/kg finasteride/day, 200 and 400 mg/kg CEAA/day, respectively. BPH was induced in groups 2 – 5 by the subcutaneous administration of testosterone propionate injection in olive oil for 28 consecutive days. Results: The BPH control indicated significantly (p < 0.05) increases in prostate weight, prostate index, serum testosterone (TT), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estradiol (E2) concentrations relative to the normal control. Treatment with CEAA caused dose-dependent significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the prostate weight, prostate index, TT, DHT and E2 similar to finasteride-treated BPH induced rats when compared with BPH control rats. The CEAA had high inhibitory effects on the prostate weight (55.71 -82.86 %) and prostate index (65.33 – 86.52 %) of the BPH induced rats greater than 71.52 % and 81.63 % inhibition of prostate weight and prostate index by finasteride, respectively. Recommended applications/industries: The findings of this study indicated that combined ethanol extract of A. vogelii and A. boonei stem barks has anti-benign prostatic hyperplasia activities as it down-regulated the serum concentrations of TT, DHT and E2 implicated in BPH development and progression Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
293 - اثر عصاره ی گل راعی دیهیمی (Hypericum scabrum L) بر صفات خون، وزن و دمای بدن در موش
عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی محسن جعفریان دهکردی رحمان پورحکیم داودی بهزاد حامدی محمد ربیعیمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به خواص دارویی بسیار ارزنده گیاه دارویی گل راعی، تاکنون تحقیقات چندانی در خصوص مسمومیت و عوارض جانبی غلظتهای بالای گونه گل راعی دیهیمی نشده است. بنابراین با توجه به موارد فوق تحقیق حاضر جهت مطالعه اثرات مسمومیت ناشی از مصرف گل راعی دیهیمیبر خصوصیا Moreمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به خواص دارویی بسیار ارزنده گیاه دارویی گل راعی، تاکنون تحقیقات چندانی در خصوص مسمومیت و عوارض جانبی غلظتهای بالای گونه گل راعی دیهیمی نشده است. بنابراین با توجه به موارد فوق تحقیق حاضر جهت مطالعه اثرات مسمومیت ناشی از مصرف گل راعی دیهیمیبر خصوصیات بالینی و رفتاری در موش به مرحله اجرا در آمد.روش تحقیق: گونه مورد مطالعه از منطقه سبزکوه در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری جمع آوری شد. جهت بررسی مسمومیت عصاره گیاه گل راعی، 5 گروه آزمایشی هر گروه شامل 4 سر موش که به چهار گروه از آن­ها غلظت های 100تا 1000 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم وزن زنده موش عصاره خورانده شد و به گروه شاهد عصاره ای خورانده نشد. در نهایت پس از 24 ساعت صفات مختلف خونی، وزنی و دمایی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. هم­چنین مطابق روش قبلی این صفات برای 14 روز بعد از خورانده شدن دزهای فوق مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت.نتایج و بحث: در بررسی نتایج پاتولوژیک کلیه و کبد تفاوت آشکاری بین گروههای مختلف مشاهده نشد. در بررسی آماری انجام شده روی نتایج به دست آمده، در خصوص صفاتی نظیر HCT، Hb، RBC، Mono، MCV، Band، MCH، MCHC و pH تفاوت آماری معنی داری بین گروههای تیمار و شاهد به دست نیامد (p<0.05). در مورد شمارش گلبولهای سفید، نوتروفیل و ائوزینوفیل تفاوت معنی داری بین گروههای تیمار با گروه شاهد مشاهده شد (p<0.05) به طوری که علت این افزایش، استرس فیزیولوژیک ناشی از دز بالای دارو میباشد، زیرا در میزان Band Cell (نوتروفیل نابالغ) که شاخصی جهت بروز عفونت و پاسخ مغز استخوان میباشد، افزایش مشاهده نمیگردد.توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی : به طور کلی عصاره گل راعی دیهیمی در هیچ­کدام از غلظتهای استفاده شده دارای اثر سمیت زائی نمیباشد و تنها میتواند باعث ایجاد تابلو استرس در نمونههای مورد آزمایش شود. اما با نگاهی به وزن موش ها پس از دو هفته مطالعه و آزمایش، میتوان افزایش وزن موش ها را در پایان مطالعه مشاهده کرد که گویی این گیاه باعث افزایش وزن شده است. در کل به غیر از تأثیرات پاتولوژیکی که در غلظتهای بالا از خود نشان داد، گل راعی دیهیمی دارای اثر سوء دیگری نمیباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
294 - اثر زمان های مختلف برداشت بر خصوصیات کمی (مورفولوژیک) و کیفی آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenensis Celak) در منطقه اصفهان
احمدرضا گل پرور عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی حسین زینلی امین هادی پناهمقدمه و هدف: آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenensis Celak.) متعلق به خانواده نعناعیان (Lamiaceae) می باشد. این گیاه به عنوان ضد نفخ، هضم کننده غذا، ضداسپاسم، ضد سرفه و خلط آور و به علت داشتن ترکیب اصلی تیمول و کارواکرول در صنایع دارویی، بهداشتی و آرایشی کاربرد فراوانی دارد.  Moreمقدمه و هدف: آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenensis Celak.) متعلق به خانواده نعناعیان (Lamiaceae) می باشد. این گیاه به عنوان ضد نفخ، هضم کننده غذا، ضداسپاسم، ضد سرفه و خلط آور و به علت داشتن ترکیب اصلی تیمول و کارواکرول در صنایع دارویی، بهداشتی و آرایشی کاربرد فراوانی دارد. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی اثر زمان برداشت بر صفات مورد نظر آویشن دنایی ‎آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ‏خوارسگان (اصفهان) در سال های 1388 و 1389 انجام شد. تیمارهای مورد بررسی، دوره های فنولوژیکی (زمان­های ‏برداشت) شامل دوره رویشی، ظهور آغازههای گل، ظهور 50 درصد گل آذینها، گلدهی کامل و ‏زمان تشکیل بذر بود.‏نتایج و بحث: نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که تأثیر مراحل مختلف برداشت روی صفات ارتفاع بوته، قطر بوته، تعداد شاخه، ارتفاع بلندترین ساقه، وزن تر و خشک بیوماس و میزان تیمول در سطح یک درصد و برای سایر صفات تفاوت­ها معنی دار نبود. نتایج به دست آمده از مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (83/31 سانتی متر) از مرحله بذردهی حاصل شد. بیشترین قطر بوته (50/38 سانتی­متر) از مرحله بذردهی به دست آمد که تفاوت معنی داری با اکثر مراحل، داشت. از طرفی، بیشترین وزن تر بیوماس (10621 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و بیشترین وزن خشک بیوماس (4243 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از مرحله بذردهی و کمترین وزن تر بیوماس (5545 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کمترین وزن خشک بیوماس (2035 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از مرحله رویشی حاصل شد. بیشترین درصد اسانس (1.41 %) از مرحله 50% گلدهی و بیشترین میزان تیمول (84.1%) از مرحله رویشی حاصل شد.توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: به طورکلی با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق، می توان مرحله بذردهی را به عنوان مناسب ترین زمان برداشت به منظور حصول حداکثر عملکرد وزن تر و خشک بیوماس آویشن دنایی معرفی نمود اما برای دستیابی به بیشترین میزان تیمول مرحله رویشی را معرفی نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
295 - The Explanation of Strategy of Geopolitics of Islamic Republic of Iran in Post Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
mohsen biuck Abdolreza FarajiRad Ezzatollah EzzatiIran’s pursuit of nuclear technology, following the many sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council, the European Union and the United States against Iran, targeted national power and reduced Iran’s geopolitical weight. After 12 years of negoti MoreIran’s pursuit of nuclear technology, following the many sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council, the European Union and the United States against Iran, targeted national power and reduced Iran’s geopolitical weight. After 12 years of negotiations, with a change in foreign policy mechanisms and tools and adoption of a strategy of deconstruction, perceptions and trust, in the time of 11th government of Iran, Iran negotiated with six world powers in 14th of July 2015, in Vienna, a nuclear agreement achieved. According to the effects and consequences of JCPOA, the purpose of this article is answering these questions: What are the JCPOA geopolitical strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats? What’s Iran’s geopolitical strategy after JCPOA, Presenting swot method, position analyzing, strategic action (space) shows us that Iran is in (so) developmental-aggressive position after JCPOA. So, according to this area, the strategy of Islamic Republic Of Iran was formulated and presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
296 - A Study of the Effective Geopolitical factors of Iraq and their Impact on National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Sayed Mostafa hashemi abdolreza farajirad rahim sarvarAbstract Geopolitical sphere of Iraq has integrative and disintegrative forces which act under certain circumstances. These forces are continuously in competition with each other. Iraq has undergone great upheavals in recent years and these developments have led to chan MoreAbstract Geopolitical sphere of Iraq has integrative and disintegrative forces which act under certain circumstances. These forces are continuously in competition with each other. Iraq has undergone great upheavals in recent years and these developments have led to change in power structure and identity. As a result there has been change in geopolitics and change in the approach of actors and regional players. Ethnic and religious groups, hydro politics, national identity and Arab identity, oil resources and the huge revenue coming from them and access to Persian Gulf have deep impact on Iraq developments. These factors have led to adoption of different geopolitical strategy. Depending on the conditions of Iraq, the type and the composition of government in power, Iran's national security will be affected and Iraq can becomes an enemy, strategic rival, strategic partner. The present article by examining political geography, interior space, history and geopolitical factors of Iraq, using a descriptive-analytical method deals with set of spatial, political and security compulsions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
297 - بار عاطفی عبارت "دوستت دارم" برای ایرانیان دو زبانه
علی جهانگرد شری هولدریددرک نادرست از احساسی بودن یک کلمه یا یک کلمه مملو از احساسات که به طور نادرست یا نامناسب استفاده شده است ، ممکن است منجر به اثرات ناخواسته و شرم آور عملی شود. هدف مطالعه حاضر تجزیه و تحلیل درک و استفاده از عبارت ‘دوستت دارم’ در زبانهای مختلف افراد دو زبانه ی Moreدرک نادرست از احساسی بودن یک کلمه یا یک کلمه مملو از احساسات که به طور نادرست یا نامناسب استفاده شده است ، ممکن است منجر به اثرات ناخواسته و شرم آور عملی شود. هدف مطالعه حاضر تجزیه و تحلیل درک و استفاده از عبارت ‘دوستت دارم’ در زبانهای مختلف افراد دو زبانه یا چند زبانه ایرانی. هدف این بود که مشخص شود آیا متغیرهای اجتماعی-بیوگرافی ، تاریخ یادگیری ، و زمینه های اجتماعی و زبانی استفاده از L2 بر میزان درک شده و کاربرد این عبارت تأثیر می گذارد. با استفاده از هر دو روش تجزیه و تحلیل کمی (همبستگی آماری) و کیفی (سوالات باز) برای بررسی سوال تحقیق. بیست شرکت کننده دو یا چند زبانه ایرانی به یک پرسشنامه ارزیابی زبان احساسی مشتق شده از زیر بخشی از پرسشنامه دوزبانگی و احساسات (BEQ) پاسخ دادند. داده تحقیق نشان داد که هیچ ارتباط آماری بین متغیرها به جز تسلط زبان وجود ندارد. علاوه بر این ، هفتاد درصد از شرکت کنندگان احساس کردند که "دوستت دارم" بیشترین وزن را در L1 خود داشتند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
298 - تجزیه تحلیل حساسیت درتحلیل پوششی داد ها ی دو مرحله ای
آتنا فرقانی اسماعیل نجفیتحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) یکی از روش های اندازه گیری بهره وری واحد های تصمیم گیری (DUMها) است که مجموعه ای از ورودی برای تولید مجموعه ای از خروجی ها مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند. در برخی موارد DMUs دارای ساختار دو مرحله می باشند، که در مرحله اول با بهره گیری از ورودی به خ Moreتحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) یکی از روش های اندازه گیری بهره وری واحد های تصمیم گیری (DUMها) است که مجموعه ای از ورودی برای تولید مجموعه ای از خروجی ها مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند. در برخی موارد DMUs دارای ساختار دو مرحله می باشند، که در مرحله اول با بهره گیری از ورودی به خروجی، به عنوان ورودی دوم مرحله نهایی تولید خروجی استفاده می شود. یک مسئله مهم در دو مرحله DEA حساسیت نتایج تجزیه به انحرافات داده است. مقاله فعلی مدل ترکیبی برای دو مرحله DEA و آنالیز حساسیت امر DMUها درتمام مرز به نظر می رسد. در واقع شرایط لازم و کافی برای حفظ کارایی طبقه بندی DUMها زمانی که تغییرات داده های مختلف به تمام DMUs اعمال شده توسعه یافته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
299 - یک مدل چند هدفه فازی برای مشکل مدیریت پروژه
سید مائده میرمحسنی سید هادی ناصریدر ایـن تحقیـق، مسـئله تصمیمگیـری مدیریـت پـروژه چنـد هدفه با اهـداف فازی و محدودیتهـای فـازی مـورد توجـه قـرار گرفتـه اسـت. مـا یـک رویکـرد آلفـا بـرش و دو روش مختلـف راهحـل برنامهنویسـی اهـدف فـازی بـرای حـل مسـئله تصمیمگیـری چنـد معیاره مدیریت پـروژه (MOPM) را در محی Moreدر ایـن تحقیـق، مسـئله تصمیمگیـری مدیریـت پـروژه چنـد هدفه با اهـداف فازی و محدودیتهـای فـازی مـورد توجـه قـرار گرفتـه اسـت. مـا یـک رویکـرد آلفـا بـرش و دو روش مختلـف راهحـل برنامهنویسـی اهـدف فـازی بـرای حـل مسـئله تصمیمگیـری چنـد معیاره مدیریت پـروژه (MOPM) را در محیطهـای فازی ایجاد میکنیـم. برنامهریـزی خطـی چندهدفـه فـازی تعاملـی (I-FMOL) و روشهـای وزندهـی جمعـی پیشـنهاد شـده برای حـل مسـئله تصمیمگیری چندهدفـه (PM) کـه در آن اطلاعـات فـازی بـا اسـتفاده از توابـع عضویـت خطـی (LMF) نشـان داده میشـود. روشهـای پیشـنهادی تلاشـی معقولانـه بـرای بـه حداقل رسـاندن کل هزینههـای پـروژه، زمـان کل تکمیـل و هزینههـای ریـز ریـز شـده کل و محدودیتهـای متعـددی مانند زمـان بین وقایـع i و j، زمان وقوع فعالیـت (I, j) و کل بودجـه سـرمایه اسـت . وزن معیارهـای هـر تابع هدف بر اسـاس درجـه اولویت پـروژه DM بـا تکنیک AHP-Fuzzy محاسـبه شـده. تجزیه و تحلیـل عملکرد با مجموعـهای از اندازههـای فاصله بـرای برنامهریـزی خطی چندهدفه فـازی تعاملی (I-FMOLP) وروشهـای راهحل وزندهی جمعی محاسـبه شـده که نشـاندهنده اهـداف و محدودیتهـای عـدم قطعیـت در مسـئله تصمیمگیـری PM بـا راه حـل ایـدهآل در یـک مطالعـه موردی صنعتی اسـت، مقایسـه میشـود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
300 - عوامل تاثیرگزار بر انحرافات کارایی در مدلهای تحلیل پوششی دادهای مبتنی بر وزن مشترک
سعید شاه قبادیروشهای مختلفی برای تولید مجموعه ای مشترک از وزنها در تحلیل پوششی داده ها بر اساس اندازه گیری فاصله نرم P وجود دارد. انحراف نمره کارایی حاصل از اوزان مشترک، از نمره کارایی هدف ممکن است مربوط به مدل و پارامتر p باشد. در این مطالعه ، در صورت ایجاد نمره کارایی با کمترین انح Moreروشهای مختلفی برای تولید مجموعه ای مشترک از وزنها در تحلیل پوششی داده ها بر اساس اندازه گیری فاصله نرم P وجود دارد. انحراف نمره کارایی حاصل از اوزان مشترک، از نمره کارایی هدف ممکن است مربوط به مدل و پارامتر p باشد. در این مطالعه ، در صورت ایجاد نمره کارایی با کمترین انحراف توسط وزن مشترک ، سعی می شودفاکتور های تاثیرگزار در مورد انتخاب p ، مدل و مجموعه داده ها تععین شود.همچنین با تجزیه و تحلیل نتیجه مدل های موجود ، دو مدل خطی بهبود یافته معرفی شده است.نتایج مدلهای پیشنهادی دارای انحرافات کارایی فردی و کلی کمتری نسبت به مدلهای قبلی است که این نتایج با مثالهای عددی و تجزیه و تحلیل شبیه سازی تأیید شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
301 - ارتقاء واحدهای ناکارا (با داده های منفی) در جهت وزن های مشترک در تحلیل پوششی داده ها
حسین عباسیانهدف اصلی این مقاله، ارتقا و بهبود واحد های ناکارا به وسیله ی وزنهای مشترک به دست آمده از همه ی واحدهای مورد مطالعه می باشد. در واقع وزن های مشترک ورودیها و خروجیهایی که شامل داده های منفی است را به وسیله حل یک مدل برنامه ریزی خطی به دست می آوریم و بردار وزن ها را به عنو Moreهدف اصلی این مقاله، ارتقا و بهبود واحد های ناکارا به وسیله ی وزنهای مشترک به دست آمده از همه ی واحدهای مورد مطالعه می باشد. در واقع وزن های مشترک ورودیها و خروجیهایی که شامل داده های منفی است را به وسیله حل یک مدل برنامه ریزی خطی به دست می آوریم و بردار وزن ها را به عنوان جهتی در نظر می گیریم که واحدهای ناکارا در آن مسیر ارتقا می یابند. روش شناسی این تحقیق به این صورت است که، مدل شعاعی نیمه ماهیتی را مد نظر قرار دهیم و می خواهیم از دوال این مدل برای یافتن وزنهای مشترک ورودیها و خروجیهایی که برخی از آنها منفی هستند، استفاده کنیم. برای این منظور یک مسأله چندهدفه ی تولید وزنهای مشترک ارائه می دهیم و برنامه ریزی آرمانی را برای حل آن بکار می بریم که این منجر به تولید یک مسأله ی غیرخطی می شود که برای این مسأله ی خاص، توسط یک روش خطی سازی، آنرا به یک مسأله ی برنامه ریزی خطی تبدیل می کنیم. چون شرط لازم و کافی برای کرانداری مدل شعاعی نیمه ماهیتی در ماهیت ورودی (خروجی) این است که یک ورودی (خروجی) با حداقل یک مقدار مثبت موجود باشد، پس ما این شرط را در اینجا رعایت می کنیم. سرانجام روشمان را با ذکر یک مثال، بیشتر توضیح می دهیم و نکته قابل توجه در روش ارتقا دادن در تحقیق حاضر این است که داده ای منفی به صورت داده ای منفی ارتقا و بهبود می یابد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
302 - COMMON WEIGHTS DETERMINATION IN DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS
علیرضا امیرتیموری سهراب کردرستمی -
Open Access Article
303 - Portfolio Selection using Data Envelopment Analysis with common weights
A. علینژاد M. Zohrebandian ف. دهدار -
Open Access Article
304 - عوامل حیوانی، شرایط بدنی، عملکرد تولید شیر و کیفیت چرای گاوهای شیری: یک مطالعه مروری
آ.آی. روکا-فرناندزمبنا و اساس این مطالعه مروری در نظر گرفتن نقشی است که عوامل حیوانی (تولید شیر بالقوه، وزن بدن، امتیاز شرایط بدنی، وضعیت شیردهی، شکم زایش و باروری) در عملکرد تولید شیر (با در نظر گرفتن توازن انرژی و عملکرد شکمبه در طی منحنی کامل شیردهی حیوانات) و کیفیت شیر (محتوای پروتئی Moreمبنا و اساس این مطالعه مروری در نظر گرفتن نقشی است که عوامل حیوانی (تولید شیر بالقوه، وزن بدن، امتیاز شرایط بدنی، وضعیت شیردهی، شکم زایش و باروری) در عملکرد تولید شیر (با در نظر گرفتن توازن انرژی و عملکرد شکمبه در طی منحنی کامل شیردهی حیوانات) و کیفیت شیر (محتوای پروتئین شیر، محتوای چربی شیر، محتوای لاکتوز شیر، ویتامین­ها، مواد معدنی، ایمنوگلوبولین­ها، سلول­های شیر، باکتری­های بیماریزا و بازدارنده­ها) گاوهای شیری در حال چرا ایفا می­کنند. البته نرخ جایگزینی و پاسخ تولید شیر در مرتع حیوانات در شرایط مصرف برنامه­های مکمل­سازی مختلف باید در نظر گرفته شود. تمامی این عوامل، در جهت دستیابی به تولید شیر بالا در حیوانات، به مدیریت مرتع به عنوان عامل کلیدی بقای سیستم­های شیری چرا توجه دارند. همچنین مدیریت مرتع به منظور حفظ مصرف ماده خشک مرتعی بالا در چمنزارهای با کیفیت علوفه گرامینه بالا (دارای سطوح بالای پروتئین خام، کربوهیدرات­های محلول در آب و قابلیت هضم ماده آلی در مرتع ولی دارای سطوح پایین الیاف نامحلول در محلول پاک کننده اسیدی و خنثی) حائز اهمیت است. این نوع چمنزارها در تمامی طول فصل چرا نیازهای گاو را در تمامی زمان­ها و در طی طول دوره شیردهی برآورده می­نمایند. همچنین ضروری است تا استفاده از مکمل­سازی مرتع بتواند سطح تولید شیر را در حد مطلوب حفظ نماید. به طور طبیعی در نقطه اوج دوره شیردهی یعنی زمانی که گاوها به طور کلی در وضعیت توازن منفی انرژی هستند فراهم نمودن مواد سیلو شده یا کنسانتره می­تواند به بهبود این شرایط کمک کند. به موجب این امر، باید به دنبال دستیابی به نرخ تبدیل بهینه علوفه گرامینه به شیر به صورت رقابتی و سودآور بود. برای نیل به این هدف سیستم­های تولید شیر مبتنی بر مرتع در بیشتر مناطق معتدله در سرتاسر جهان ایجاد شده است که تأکید آنها بر افزایش قیمت شیر و افزایش درآمد دامداران در نواحی مرطوبی نظیر گالیسیا (در شمال غربی اسپانیا) است. در این صورت بهبود کمیت و کیفیت شیر تولیدی به صنایع شیری انتقال می­یابد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
305 - The Relationship between Body Condition Score and Milk Production, Udder Health and Reduced Negative Energy Balance during Initial Lactation Period: A Review
A.K. Singh C. Bhakat -
Open Access Article
306 - The Survey on Quantity and Quality of Hair Produced by Goats Under Fars Province Conditions
S. Negahdari M. Salehi -
Open Access Article
307 - Serum Protein Profile of Lori-Bakhtiari Ewes in Relation to Age, Body Weight, Birth Type and Birth Season
H. Mohammadi P. Zamani S.Z. Mirhoseini -
Open Access Article
308 - تجزیه فنوتیپی و ژنتیکی وزن برههای لری بختیاری در سنین مختلف برای اثرات ژنتیکی کروموزومهای اتوزومی و وابسته به جنس
م. مراونی م. وطنخواه س. عیدیوندیدر این پژوهش از رکوردهای طول عمر تعداد 8793 رأس بره، حاصل از 320 رأس قوچ و 2349 رأس میش، مربوط به گله ایستگاه پرورش و اصلاح نژاد گوسفند لری بختیاری (ایستگاه شولی) واقع در شهرکرد، جمعآوری شده طی سالهای 1368 تا 1393 استفاده گردید. پارامترهای ژنتیکی (به تفکیک اتوزومی، وا Moreدر این پژوهش از رکوردهای طول عمر تعداد 8793 رأس بره، حاصل از 320 رأس قوچ و 2349 رأس میش، مربوط به گله ایستگاه پرورش و اصلاح نژاد گوسفند لری بختیاری (ایستگاه شولی) واقع در شهرکرد، جمعآوری شده طی سالهای 1368 تا 1393 استفاده گردید. پارامترهای ژنتیکی (به تفکیک اتوزومی، وابسته به جنس و مادری) و ارزشهای اصلاحی صفات با استفاده از مدلهای بدون و با اثرات ژنتیکی وابسته به جنس برآورد گردیدند. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین کل وزن برهها در تولد، شیرگیری، 6، 9 و 12 ماهگی به ترتیب 01/5، 93/28، 42/41، 33/51 و 52/56 کیلوگرم بودند. اثر عوامل ثابت سال و ماه تولد، سن مادر، جنس و نوع تولد بره، و متغیرهای کمکی وزن بدن مادر و سن بره به روز به صورت خطی بر وزن برهها در سنین مختلف معنیدار (05/0 یا 01/0P<) بودند. برآورد وراثت پذیریهای گرفته شده به وسیله بهترین مدل (بدون و با اثرات ژنتیکی وابسته به جنس به ترتیب برای وزنهای قبل از شیرگیری و بعد از شیرگیری) کم تا متوسط و از 08/0 تا 22/0 برای اتوزومی، از 01/0 تا 14/0 برای وابسته به جنس و از 04/0 تا 22/0 برای مادری بودند. همبستگیهای ژنتیکی اتوزومی، وابسته به جنس و مادری برای وزن برهها در سنین مختلف در حد متوسط تا بالا بودند. بنابراین، به منظور بهبود وزن برهها در سنین مختلف ابتدا بایستی شرایط محیطی را بهبود بخشید. تجزیه ژنتیکی وزن برهها با استفاده از مدلهای خطی که قادر به برآورد ارزشهای اصلاحی کروموزومهای اتوزومی، جنسی و مادری باشند، میتواند انتخاب ژنتیکی موثرتری برای بهبود وزن برهها ایجاد نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
309 - Effect of Dietary Saturated and Unsaturated Fats on Body Performance and Accumulation of Abdominal in Broiler Chickens
Y. Mohammadi J. Yousefi H. Darmani kuhi M. Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
310 - Effects of Replacing Barley with Processed Corn on the Growth Performance, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Profitability of Fattening Lambs
F. Kazemi T. Ghoorchi B. Dastar F. Eshraghi -
Open Access Article
311 - Environmental Temperature Influences Diet Selection and Growth in Early-Weaned Lambs
M.S. Simeonov I. Stoycheva D.L. Harmon -
Open Access Article
312 - Effects of Nutritional Systems on Early Weaned Lambs
M.S. Simeonov D.L. Harmon -
Open Access Article
313 - بهبود عملکرد تولیدمثلی میشهای داشتی فراهانی از طریق تغذیه کمکی
آ. میرشمسالهی ر.ع. عزیزیاین مطالعه جهت بررسی تأثیر تغذیه تکمیلی بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی میشهای توده فراهانی، بر روی سه گله از گلههای مردمی شهرستان اراک انجام شد. نیمی از میشهای هر گله به عنوان گروه شاهد در نظر گرفته شده و مطابق روش دامدار تغذیه شدند (50 میش از هر گله). نیم دیگر میشهای هر گله Moreاین مطالعه جهت بررسی تأثیر تغذیه تکمیلی بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی میشهای توده فراهانی، بر روی سه گله از گلههای مردمی شهرستان اراک انجام شد. نیمی از میشهای هر گله به عنوان گروه شاهد در نظر گرفته شده و مطابق روش دامدار تغذیه شدند (50 میش از هر گله). نیم دیگر میشهای هر گله نیز در هر سه مرحله آزمایشی که به ترتیب شامل فصل آمیزش، یک و نیم ماه آخر دوره آبستنی و دوره شیردهی بود، غذای کمکی مصرف نمودند. وزن و نمره وضعیت بدنی تمام میشهای هر گله قبل از شروع انجام تغذیه کمکی در فصل قوچ اندازی و سپس در پایان آن اندازهگیری شد. میانگین وزن بدن و نمره وضعیت بدنی میشهای گروه شاهد در پایان مرحله آزمایشی اول به ترتیب 3/1 ± 4/39 کیلوگرم و 26/0 ± 09/2 واحد و در میشهای گروه دریافتکننده غذای کمکی به ترتیب 26 /1 ± 34/42 کیلوگرم و 34/0 ± 56/2 واحد بود که اختلاف معنیداری برای صفات مذکور بین میشهای دو گروه وجود داشت (01/0>P). انجام تغذیه تکمیلی در سه مرحله آزمایشی، اثر معنیداری بر وزن تولد تا از شیرگیری برهها داشت. میانگین وزن تولد برهها برای میشهای گروه شاهد 14/0±38/3 کیلوگرم و برای میشهای گروه تغذیه کمکی 14/0 ± 09/4 کیلوگرم بود. وزن یک تا سه ماهگی برهها نیز در گروه شاهد به ترتیب 4/1 ± 16/9 ، 03/2 ± 99/12 و 3/2 ± 65/22 کیلوگرم و در گروه تغذیه کمکی به ترتیب 4/1 ± 23/11، 03/2 ± 55/16 و 3/2 ± 21/27 کیلوگرم بود که اختلاف معنیداری بین این دو گروه وجود داشت (01/0>P). درصد باروری میشهای گروه شاهد و گروه تغذیه تکمیلی به ترتیب 29/85 و 44/94 درصد (01/0>P) و میزان تلفات بره برای این دو گروه به ترتیب 34/10 و 48/3 درصد بود (01/0>P). در مجموع نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان میدهد که استفاده از غذای کمکی در مراحل فوق الذکر سبب افزایش عملکرد باروری و برهزایی میشهای فراهانی و افزایش وزن تولد و از شیرگیری برههایشان میگردد. در مجموع افزایش میزان برهزایی میشها (در حدود 14 درصد افزایش) و افزایش وزن تولد و از شیرگیری برهها، سود اقتصادی حاصل از اجرای این تحقیق بودند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
314 - مقایسه رشد بزغالههای نر و ماده ناندسکریپت در یک منطقه نیمه خشک نیجریه
A.O. Raji L.G. Asheikh I.D. Mohammedاین مطالعه کاربرد پنج مدل مختلف برای توصیف رشد بزغالههای دو جنس نر و ماده ناندسکریپت از تولد تا 20 هفتگی را مقایسه میکند. تعداد پنجاه و نه (59) بزغاله ناندسکریپت در مزرعه آموزشی و تحقیقاتی دانشگاه مایدوگوری نیجریه به طور هفتگی توزین شدند و مدل سازی بر اساس وزن زنده صو Moreاین مطالعه کاربرد پنج مدل مختلف برای توصیف رشد بزغالههای دو جنس نر و ماده ناندسکریپت از تولد تا 20 هفتگی را مقایسه میکند. تعداد پنجاه و نه (59) بزغاله ناندسکریپت در مزرعه آموزشی و تحقیقاتی دانشگاه مایدوگوری نیجریه به طور هفتگی توزین شدند و مدل سازی بر اساس وزن زنده صورت گرفت. متغیرهای بیولوژیکی مربوطه برای هر بزغاله از طریق مدلهای لجستیک، گمپرتز، ریچاردز، مونو مولکولی و مدل وایبل برآورد شد. مدلها با استفاده میزان انطباق معیارهای ضریب تعیین (R2)، میانگین مربع خطا (MSE)، انحراف معیار (SD) و معیارهای اطلاعات آکائیک (AIC) مقایسه شدند. در هر دو جنس، همه مدلهای غیر خطی به خوبی برازانده شدند، با R2 در دامنه 911/0-943/0 و 923/0-95/0 به ترتیب برای نر و ماده بود. علاوه بر این، نرها وزن تقریبی بالاتری در مقایسه با مادهها داشتند در حالیکه عکس آن در مورد نرخ رشد مشاهده شد. بزغالههای نر وزن عطف سنگین تر و سن بالاتر از مادهها برای تمام مدل داشتند. با این حال، این مقادیر برای مدل لجستیک بیشتر از گومپرتز بود. مدل تک ملکولی R2 بالاتر و MSE، SD و AIC پایینتر در هر دو جنس نر و ماده داشت. میتوان نتیجه گرفت که مدلهای رشد غیر خطی برای برآورد وزن زنده به عنوان تابعی از سن برای هر دو جنس نر و ماده بزغالههای ناندسکریپت در نیجریه مناسب بود. با این حال، بهترین مدل تک مولکولی بر اساس فراسنجههای مدل و میزان انطباق معیارهای مناسب بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
315 - ارزیابی اثر وزن لاشه، سن کشتار و جنسیت بر ترکیب شیمیایی گوشت بره: مطالعه موردی گوسفند نژاد بوتسیکو
و. الکساندریدیس ب. اسکاپتاس د. کانتاس پ. گولاس م. کالایتزیدواثر وزن لاشه، سن کشتار و جنسیت بر برخی از ترکیبات شیمیایی در 22 رأس بره بوتسیکو (12 ماده و 10 نر) ارزیابی شد. ترکیب شیمیایی گوشت به صورت درصد چربی، پروتئین، کلاژن و رطوبت بیان شد. اندازه­گیری این 4 ترکیب شیمیایی در قطعاتی از لاشه، شامل کتف، پا، پشت گردن، کلیه، تهیگا Moreاثر وزن لاشه، سن کشتار و جنسیت بر برخی از ترکیبات شیمیایی در 22 رأس بره بوتسیکو (12 ماده و 10 نر) ارزیابی شد. ترکیب شیمیایی گوشت به صورت درصد چربی، پروتئین، کلاژن و رطوبت بیان شد. اندازه­گیری این 4 ترکیب شیمیایی در قطعاتی از لاشه، شامل کتف، پا، پشت گردن، کلیه، تهیگاهی عقب، دنده­های سینه و استخوان گردن صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که درصد چربی، پروتئین و کلاژن در سطح قابل مقایسه با سایر نژادهای گوسفند و شاخص­های اتحادیه اروپا است. آنالیز تابعیت نشان داد که بین سه متغیر مستقل، تنها وزن لاشه تأثیر معنی­داری بر میزان چربی، پروتئین و رطوبت داشته و سن کشتار تنها عاملی است که بر میزان کلاژن مؤثر است. رابطه مثبت معنی­دار وزن لاشه با میزان چربی و رابطه منفی آن با میزان رطوبت و پروتئین نشان دهنده آن است که کاهش اندک وزن نتایج مطلوبی در کیفیت شیمیایی گوشت، از طریق کاهش چربی و افزایش رطوبت و پروتئین خواهد داشت. کاهش اندک سن کشتار نیز سطح کلاژن را بهبود بخشیده و این عامل نیز به نوبه خود بر نرمی گوشت تأثیر خواهد گذاشت. کاهش وزن لاشه و سن کشتار به معنای کاهش عرضه گوشت در بازار و کاهش سطح درآمد تولیدکنندگان خواهد بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
316 - Association between Yearling Weight and Calpastatin and Calpain Loci Polymorphism in Iranian Zel Sheep
E. Dehnavi M. Ahani Azari S. Hasani M.R. Nassiry M. Mohajer A.R. Khan Ahmadi L. Shahmohamadi S. Yousefi -
Open Access Article
317 - تأثیر سطوح جیرهای متفاوت انرژی و پروتئین بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی و رشد پس از تفریخ در بلدرچینهای ژاپنی
ا. لطفی ن. کریمی ب. پریزادیان کاوان م.ر. شریفیدر این تحقیق تأثیر سطوح مختلف انرژی و پروتئین بر عملکرد، کیفیت تخم ‏مرغ، قابلیت جوجه‏درآوری، باروری و وزن بدن جوجه‏ها پس از تولد بررسی شد. تعداد 432 قطعه بلدرچین ژاپنی با سن 13 هفته به نه گروه تیماری تقسیم شدند. هر تیمار شامل چهار تکرار و تعداد 12 قطعه بلدرچ Moreدر این تحقیق تأثیر سطوح مختلف انرژی و پروتئین بر عملکرد، کیفیت تخم ‏مرغ، قابلیت جوجه‏درآوری، باروری و وزن بدن جوجه‏ها پس از تولد بررسی شد. تعداد 432 قطعه بلدرچین ژاپنی با سن 13 هفته به نه گروه تیماری تقسیم شدند. هر تیمار شامل چهار تکرار و تعداد 12 قطعه بلدرچین در هر تکرار (9 بلدرچین ماده و 3 بلدرچین نر) بود. جیره‏ها حاوی سطوح متفاوت انرژی متابولیسمی (51/11، 41/12 و 77/12 مگاژول در کیلوگرم) و پروتئین خام (180، 200 و 220 گرم در کیلوگرم) بودند. رشد وزن بدن و تولید تخم ‏مرغ در بلدرچین‏های تغذیه شده با جیره‏های حاوی سطح بالای پروتئین خام (220 گرم در کیلوگرم) و انرژی متابولیسمی (77/12 مگاژول در کیلوگرم) در مقایسه با سایر گروه‏ها بیشتر بود. با افزایش مقدار انرژی جیره، ضریب تبدیل غذایی به صورت خطی بهبود یافت و بهترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی در جیرهای ‏حاوی 77/12 مگاژول در کیلوگرم انرژی متابولیسمی حاصل شد (05/0>P). افزایش مقدار انرژی متابولیسمی و پروتئین خام جیره، منجبر به افزایش ضخامت پوسته تخم‏مرغ، مقاومت پوسته، شاخص سفیده و زرده شد (01/0>P). درصد جوجه‏درآوری و وزن بدن نتاج پس از تفریخ به‏ طور معنی‏داری تحت تأثیر سطح انرژی و پروتئین قرار گرفت (05/0>P)، به ‏طوری که وزن بدن پس از تولد در جوجه‏های هچ شده از پرندگان تغذیه شده با جیره‏های حاوی سطوح بالای انرژی و پروتئین بیشتر بود. به طور کلی، تغذیه بلدرچین‏ها با سطوح بالای انرژی متابولیسمی (77/12 مگاژول در کیلوگرم) و پروتئین خام (220 گرم در کیلوگرم) می‏تواند موجب بهبود شاخص‏های رشد، کیفیت تخم‏مرغ و عملکرد نتاج پس از تولد شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
318 - اثرات پودر کاسنی همراه با اسید بوتیریک بر صفات لاشه و برخی از فراسنجههای خونی در جوجههای گوشتی
م. فرامرززاده م. بهروزلک ف. صمدیان و. واحدیهدف این مطالعه تعین اثر سطوح مختلفی از پودر کاسنی به همراه اسید بوتیریک بر عملکرد، صفات لاشه، وزن نسبی اندام‎های داخلی و برخی از فراسنجه‏های خونی در جوجه‏های گوشتی بود. دویست و چهل جوجه یک روزه گوشتی (راس، 308) در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تیمار و شش تکرا Moreهدف این مطالعه تعین اثر سطوح مختلفی از پودر کاسنی به همراه اسید بوتیریک بر عملکرد، صفات لاشه، وزن نسبی اندام‎های داخلی و برخی از فراسنجه‏های خونی در جوجه‏های گوشتی بود. دویست و چهل جوجه یک روزه گوشتی (راس، 308) در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تیمار و شش تکرار در هر تیمار، شامل 10 جوجه در هر تکرار مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. تیمارها عبارت بودند از: 1- شاهد (فاقد هر گونه افزودن پودر کاسنی و اسید بوتیریک به جیره)، 2- کیلوگرم/گرم 15 پودر کاسنی به علاوه 3/0 درصد اسید بوتیریک، 3- کیلوگرم/گرم 30 پودر کاسنی به علاوه 3/0 اسید بوتیریک و 4- کیلوگرم/گرم 45 اسید بوتیریک به علاوه 3/0 درصداسید بوتیریک. وزن بدن و مصرف خوراک پرنده‏ها در روزهای 21 و 46 به منظور تعیین عملکرد اندازه‎گیری و ثبت شد. در سن 46 روزگی دو پرنده از هر تکرار به طور تصادفی انتخاب شد و برای تعیین صفات لاشه و برخی از فراسنجه‏های خونی کشتار گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در دوره‏های رشد و پایانی و همچنین کل دوره پرورشی، افزایش وزن بدن پرنده‏ها در تیمار 4 به طور معنی‎داری بالاتر از تیمار شاهد و گروه‏های دیگر تیماری بود (05/0>P). وزن نسبی سینه و ران به عنوان درصدی از وزن زنده بدن، به طور معنی‏داری در پرندگان تیمار 4 در مقایسه با پرندگان تغذیه نموده از تیمار شاهد بالاتر بود. در کل در مطالعه حاضر، تغذیه کیلوگرم/گرم 45 پودر کاسنی به همراه 3/0 درصد اسید بوتیریک به جوجه‏های گوشتی، وزن بدن و بازده لاشه را افزایش داد (05/0>P)، ولی به جز کبد، بر وزن نسبی سایر اندام‏های احشایی و همچنین فراسنجه‎های خونی اثر معنی‏داری نداشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
319 - تعیین ضرایب اقتصادی صفات مهم شترهای یک کوهانه در سیستم پرورش مناطق کویری
م. وطن خواه ع. شفیع نادری م.ر. مفیدی ع.ا. قره داغی م.ع. عباسیدر این مطالعه پارامترهای تولیدی، تولید مثلی، جمعیتی، مدیریتی و اقتصادی حاصل از رکوردگیری تعداد 7 گله پرورش شتر با اندازه 57 تا 400 نفری با ظرفیت 721 نفر شتر مولد، واقع در مناطق کویری استان یزد در یک چرخه کامل تولید مثلی طی سالهای 1390 تا 1392 به­ منظور تعیین ضرایب Moreدر این مطالعه پارامترهای تولیدی، تولید مثلی، جمعیتی، مدیریتی و اقتصادی حاصل از رکوردگیری تعداد 7 گله پرورش شتر با اندازه 57 تا 400 نفری با ظرفیت 721 نفر شتر مولد، واقع در مناطق کویری استان یزد در یک چرخه کامل تولید مثلی طی سالهای 1390 تا 1392 به­ منظور تعیین ضرایب اقتصادی صفات مهم شترهای یک­ کوهانه در سیستم پرورش مناطق کویری مورد استفاده قرار­ گرفت. صفات اقتصادی موجود در معادله سود شامل صفات ماندگاری، صفات تولید­مثلی و صفات تولیدی بودند. ضرایب اقتصادی، وزن­ های اقتصادی و اهمیت نسبی صفات به ازای یک واحد و یک انحراف استاندارد ژنتیکی افزایش در هر صفت با استفاده از گرایش­ های حداکثر سود، حداکثر بازدهی و حداقل هزینه برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد که از مجموع درآمد سالانه به ازای هر نفر شتر مولد (8823050 ریال) به میزان 66 درصد مربوط به فروش حاشی مازاد و 34 درصد باقی­مانده از فروش شترهای حذفی عاید شد. از مجموع هزینه­ های سالیانه به ازای هر نفر شتر مولد (2188667 ریال) تغذیه، مدیریت و کارگری، تجهیزات، دارو و درمان و سود سرمایه به ترتیب 40.23، 34.48، 7.18 ، 1.43 و 16.67 درصد را به­ خود اختصاص دادند. متوسط سود سالانه و نسبت آن به هزینه حاصل از هر نفر شتر مولد به ترتیب برابر با 6634383 ریال و 3.03 بود. اهمیت نسبی گروههای مختلف صفات برای میانگین کل گلههای مورد بررسی حاصل از گرایش حداکثر سود 44/58 درصد برای صفات ماندگاری (زنده مانی شتر 14.31، زنده مانی حاشی تا شیرگیری 34.74 و طول عمر اقتصادی 9.39)، 24.33 درصد برای صفات تولید مثلی (میزان آبستنی 14.31، فاصله زایمان 8.99-، و سن بلوغ 1.03-) و 17.23 درصد برای صفات تولیدی (وزن شیرگیری حاشی 13.60، وزن جایگزین 1.09- و وزن شتر 2.53) به ­دست آمد. اهمیت نسبی صفات ماندگاری حاصل از گرایش­ های حداکثر بازدهی و حداقل هزینه به ­طور جزئی کاهش و به صفات تولید مثلی و تولیدی اضافه شد. اهمیت نسبی برآورد شده برای گروه­ های مختلف صفات در این مطالعه، می­ توانند در تشکیل شاخص های انتخاب چند صفتی برای اصلاح نژاد شترهای یک­ کوهانه در مناطق کویری استفاده شوند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
320 - بررسی پلی مورفیسم ژن گیرنده دوپامین و ارتباط آن با صفات رشد و تولید تخم مرغ در جمعیت مرغان بومی آذربایجان غربی
م. غلامی م. غفاری ع. هاشمیهدف از تحقیق حاضر مطالعه چند شکلی تک نوکلئوتیدی در ژن­ DRD1 و ارتباط آن با صفات رشد و تولید تخم مرغ در جمعیت مرغان بومی آذربایجان غربی با روش PCR-SSCP بود. برای این منظور نمونه­های خون از 180 قطعه مرغ بومی واقع در ایستگاه اصلاح نژاد مرغ بومی آذربایجان غربی گرفته Moreهدف از تحقیق حاضر مطالعه چند شکلی تک نوکلئوتیدی در ژن­ DRD1 و ارتباط آن با صفات رشد و تولید تخم مرغ در جمعیت مرغان بومی آذربایجان غربی با روش PCR-SSCP بود. برای این منظور نمونه­های خون از 180 قطعه مرغ بومی واقع در ایستگاه اصلاح نژاد مرغ بومی آذربایجان غربی گرفته شد. استخراج DNA به روش بهینه یافته نمکی صورت گرفت. قطعه 283 جفت بازی ژن DRD1با استفاده از واکنش زنجیره­ای پلیمراز تکثیر گردید. روش تفاوت فرم فضایی رشته­های منفرد (SSCP) جهت شناسایی چند شکلی در نمونه­ها بکار برده شد. برای شناسایی جهش تک نوکلئوتیدی از روش توالی­یابی استفاده گردید. برای این منظور 4 نمونه از هر الگوی باندی متفاوت برای توالی­یابی ارسال گردید که در نتیجه آن سه نوع ژنوتیپ AA، AG و GG به­ ترتیب با فراوانی 42/0، 49/0 و 09/0 مشاهده شدند. از رویه GLM نرم افزار SAS برای آنالیز داده­ها استفاده گردید. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که ناحیه مورد بررسی این ژن چند شکل می­باشد، بین ژنوتیپهای مشاهده شده و صفات تولید تخم ­مرغ ارتباط معنیداری وجود دارد. بنابراین این ژن می­تواند به عنوان جایگاه ژنی کاندیدا و یا پیوسته با ژن بزرگ اثر مرتبط با صفات تولید مثلی در مرغ بومی باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
321 - Comparisons of Egg Quality Traits, Egg Weight Loss and Hatching Results between Chinese and Mamut Geese Eggs Reared under the Countryside Conditions
Y. Akın M.F. Çelen -
Open Access Article
322 - Genetic Parameters for Body Weight and Laying Traits in Mazandaran Native Breeder Hens
A.A. Shadparvar B. Enayati -
Open Access Article
323 - مطالعه موانع مزارع شیری سنتی از طریق بررسی تولیدات بالقوه و عملکردی شیر
م.ت. سرایری ی. سانیتو جی.ف. توراندمطالعه حاضر تفاوت بین تولید شیر روزانه بالقوه و تولید شیر عملکردی را در 6 گله بررسی نمود. این دو فراسنجه و تغییرات آنها در پروژه آبیاری غرب (شمال ­غرب موراکو) در طی یک دوره 5 ماهه بررسی شد. تولید شیر روزانه بالقوه و تولید شیر عملکردی در رابطه با تغییرات در جیره گاوه Moreمطالعه حاضر تفاوت بین تولید شیر روزانه بالقوه و تولید شیر عملکردی را در 6 گله بررسی نمود. این دو فراسنجه و تغییرات آنها در پروژه آبیاری غرب (شمال ­غرب موراکو) در طی یک دوره 5 ماهه بررسی شد. تولید شیر روزانه بالقوه و تولید شیر عملکردی در رابطه با تغییرات در جیره گاوها و وزن بدنشان آنالیز شدند. نتایج حاکی از آن است که تحت شرایط پرورشی سنتی گاوها در موراکو (در شرایطی که عمده­ واحدهای کوچک و مزارع زیر 20 هکتار هستند) تولید گاوهای شیری موانع فراوانی دارند. یکی از بارزترین موارد تأثیرگذار فقدان دانش کشاورزان از نیازمندی­های گاوهای شیری و تغییرات آن در طی دوره شیردهی است. به­ علاوه، به نظر می­رسد در مزارع گاوهای شیری تغییرات در انرژی خالص علوفه­ها، محتوای پروتئین خام قابل تجزیه و قابل متابولیسم شکمبه­ای را نادیده گرفته میشود که این امر منجر به بروز اشتباهات بسیاری در تأمین مکمل­های کنسانتره­ای می شود. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که تولید شیر عملکردی (واقعی) اغلب پائین­تر از تولید شیر بالقوه است که به دسترسی محدود به علوفه که مترادف با خطا در تنظیم جیره­ها میباشد اشاره دارد. در انتها، نتایج حاکی از این است که در استفاده از گاوهای با ارزش ژنتیکی بالا (به دلیل قیمت زیادشان) در مزارع با دسترسی نامنظم به خوراک (که مترادف با تنظیم جیرههای فاقد بالانس است) باید تجدید نظر کرد Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
324 - Assessment of Alternative Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Weighting Methods for Single-Step Genomic Prediction of Traits with Different Genetic Architecture
S. Moghaddaszadeh-Ahrabi M. Bazrafshan -
Open Access Article
325 - Effect of Two Types of Total Mixed Rations on Production Performances of Holstein Friesian Cows in Early Lactation
B.C. Kalansooriya R.M.A.S. Bandara H.M.G.P. Herath -
Open Access Article
326 - عملکرد رشد برههای پِلِوِن سر سیاه در طی دوره شیرخوارگی
م. سیم اٌنوو د. پاموگوواهدف از این مطالعه، آنالیز صفات وزن زنده، طول بدن و محیط سینه در بره­های پِلِوِن سر سیاه در مرحله ابتدایی زندگی با دیدگاه استفاده بعدی آنها به عنوان شاخص­های پیش­بینی کننده عملکرد رشد بوده است. این مطالعه با استفاده از 46 بره انجام شده است. نتایج نشان می­ Moreهدف از این مطالعه، آنالیز صفات وزن زنده، طول بدن و محیط سینه در بره­های پِلِوِن سر سیاه در مرحله ابتدایی زندگی با دیدگاه استفاده بعدی آنها به عنوان شاخص­های پیش­بینی کننده عملکرد رشد بوده است. این مطالعه با استفاده از 46 بره انجام شده است. نتایج نشان می­دهد که بره­های تک قلو در تولد و شیرگیری دارای وزن زنده و میانگین افزایش وزن روزانه بالاتر در مقایسه با دو قلوها بودند (01/0>P). طول بدن و محیط سینه در زمان تولد، در بره­های تک قلو بیشتر بوده است (01/0>P). تیپ تولد بر وزن زنده (درصد 85/26=η2)، وزن زنده (39/21=η2) و محیط سینه (درصد 08/27=η2) بره­ها در هنگام تولد تأثیر معنی­داری دارد (01/0>P). در 26 روزگی یعنی در هنگام از شیرگیری، تیپ تولد تنها بر وزن زنده (درصد 53/27=η2) تأثیر معنی­دار داشته است (01/0>P). محیط سینه بره­ها در زمان از شیرگیری تحت تأثیر طول بدن در هنگام تولد و از شیرگیری قرار نمی­گرفت. همبستگی فنوتیپی متوسط تا زیاد بین سایر پارامترهای مطالعه شده وجود داشته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
327 - عملکرد تولیدی و توانایی جوجه درآوری اردکهای Alabio (آناس پلاتیرینکس بورنئو) تحت مدیریت تغذیهای روستایی: مقایسه سطوح متفاوت پروتئین جیرهای و نسبتهای جنسیت
ب. ایندارسیه د. کیسورو آی.ن. سوکارتا جایاآزمایشی برای دستیابی به احتیاج غذایی بهینه و نسبتهای آمیزشی ایدهآل برای اردکهای Alabio برای تولید تخمهای بارور و جوجه درآوری تحت مدیریت تغذیهای روستایی انجام شد. مجموعهای از 135 ماده و 27 نر 40 هفتهای در این پژوهش استفاده شد. آنها با سطوح پروتئین خام پایین (5/ Moreآزمایشی برای دستیابی به احتیاج غذایی بهینه و نسبتهای آمیزشی ایدهآل برای اردکهای Alabio برای تولید تخمهای بارور و جوجه درآوری تحت مدیریت تغذیهای روستایی انجام شد. مجموعهای از 135 ماده و 27 نر 40 هفتهای در این پژوهش استفاده شد. آنها با سطوح پروتئین خام پایین (5/17 درصد)، متوسط (5/19 درصد) و زیاد (5/21 درصد) در جیرههای حاوی تقریباً 3050 کیلوکالری انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME/kg) تغذیه شده و برای 18 هفته در 3 نسبت آمیزشی، هر کدام 3 بار تکرار شده نگهداری شدند. نسبتهای آمیزشهای طبیعی 1:4، 1:5 و 1:6 بودند. مجموعهای از 450 تخم با توانایی هچ شدن به ازای تیمار جمعآوری و برای 4 تا 6 روز ذخیره، سپس برای عملکرد هچ شدن انکوبه شدند. تولید تخم (EP)، ضریب تبدیل خوراک (FCR) و وزن تخم (EW) تعیین شدند و مشخص شد که رژیمهای تغذیهای 3 پارامتر را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد. تغذیه 5/19 درصد پروتئین خام جیرهای مقادیر بالاتری از تولید تخم (EP)، ضریب تبدیل خوراک (FCR) وزن تخم (EW) و تولید مجموع تخم (EM) در طول 40 تا 58 هفتگی نشان داد. مقادیر خوراک مصرفی (FI)، EP، FCR و EM توسط نسبتهای جنسیت تحت تأثیر قرار گرفتند. نسبت 1:4 بهترین نسبت آمیزشی برای اردکهای بومی با عملکرد تولیدی بالاتر بود. جیره 5/19 درصد پروتئین خام برای عملکرد هچ شدن در نسبت جنسیت 1:5 کافی بود Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
328 - مطالعه چندشکلی ژن کالپاستاتین و تأثیر آن روی صفات وزن اولیه بدن در گوسفند زندی
ن. پیرویسی ع. نوشری ب. همتیهدف از این تحقیق بررسی چندشکلی ژن کالپاستاتین و تأثیر آن روی صفات وزن اولیه بدن در گوسفند زندی با استفاده از تکنیک PCR-RFLP بود. کالپاستاتین ممانعت کننده اصلی سیستم آنزیمی کالپاین-کالپاستاتین بوده و نقش مهمی در تنظیم مسیر پروتئین­ سازی بر عهده دارد. DNA ژنومی با است Moreهدف از این تحقیق بررسی چندشکلی ژن کالپاستاتین و تأثیر آن روی صفات وزن اولیه بدن در گوسفند زندی با استفاده از تکنیک PCR-RFLP بود. کالپاستاتین ممانعت کننده اصلی سیستم آنزیمی کالپاین-کالپاستاتین بوده و نقش مهمی در تنظیم مسیر پروتئین­ سازی بر عهده دارد. DNA ژنومی با استفاده از نمونههای خون کامل 124 رأس گوسفند زندی انتخاب ­شده به ­صورت تصادفی و با استفاده از روش استخراج نمکی تهیه گردید. همچنین وزن تولد، وزن 150 روزگی و افزایش وزن روزانه تولد تا سن 150 روزگی ثبت گردید. تکثیر ناحیه 622 جفت بازی اگزون و اینترون 1 ژن کالپاستاتین انجام شد. محصول PCR با استفاده از آنزیم برشی MSP I هضم و روی ژل آگارز الکتروفورز گردید. نتایج دو آلل A و B به ترتیب با فراوانیهای 80.6 و 19.4 و سه ژنوتیپ AA، BB و AB به ترتیب با فراوانیهای 65.32، 4.04 و 30.64 را نشان داد. آزمون­های X2 و G2 برقراری تعادل هاردی-واینبرگ در جایگاه مورد مطالعه را نشان داد. اثر ژنوتیپ کالپاستاتین روی صفات رشد غیرمعنی­دار بود اما ژنوتیپ BB بهترین عملکرد را در هر سه صفت نشان داد که نشان دهنده عملکرد بهتر آلل نرمال (B) نسبت به آلل موتان (A) برای این صفات است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
329 - Effect of Varying Levels of Zizyphus (Zizyphus mauritiana) Leaf Meal Inclusion in Concentrate Diet on Performance of Growing Yankasa Ram Lambs Fed Maize Stover Basal Diet
S.B. Abdu O.W. Ehoche A.M. Adamu G.S. Bawa M.R. Hassan S.M. Yashim H.Y. Adamu -
Open Access Article
330 - مطالعه چند شکلی ژن DGAT1 و ارتباط آن با صفات وزن لاشه و بازده لاشه در گوسفند نژاد مغانی
ف. علاء نوشهر ع. رأفتژن دی آسیل گلیسرول آسیل ترانسفراز (DGAT1) به عنوان ژن کاندیدا برای صفات کیفی گوشت گوسفند شناخته شده است. یک چند شکلی تک نوکلئوتیدی منجر به ایجاد جهش (C به T) در جایگاه AGCT آنزیم اندونوکلئاز AluI میشود. به منظور مطالعه چند شکلی ناحیه T487C در اگزون 17 ژن DGAT1 به طور ت Moreژن دی آسیل گلیسرول آسیل ترانسفراز (DGAT1) به عنوان ژن کاندیدا برای صفات کیفی گوشت گوسفند شناخته شده است. یک چند شکلی تک نوکلئوتیدی منجر به ایجاد جهش (C به T) در جایگاه AGCT آنزیم اندونوکلئاز AluI میشود. به منظور مطالعه چند شکلی ناحیه T487C در اگزون 17 ژن DGAT1 به طور تصادفی از 150 گوسفند مغانی، خون­گیری و استخراج dna به عمل آمد. واکنش زنجیره­ای پلیمراز برای تکثیر قطعه 309 جفت بازی از اگزون 17 ژن DGAT1 با استفاده از یک جفت آغازگر اختصاصی انجام گرفت. نتایج آنالیز PCR-RFLP نشان داد که SNP دارای سه ژنوتیپ TT (37 و 272bp ) ، TC (37، 272 و 309 bp) و CC (309bp ) می­باشد. همچنین فراوانی دو آلل T و C به ترتیب برابر با 829/0 و 171/0 مشاهده شد. آنالیز آماری ارتباط معنی­داری را بین صفات وزن دنبه و ضخامت چربی پشت با ژنوتیپ­ها نشان داد. به طوریکه گوسفندان دارای ژنوتیپ CC به طور معنی­داری (05/0P<) دنبه سنگین­تر و ضخامت چربی بیشتری نسبت به گوسفندان با ژنوتیپTT ، داشتند. در نتیجه از چند شکلی نشان داده شده ممکن است بتوان در برنامه­های اصلاح نژادی گوسفند مغانی از طریق انتخاب ژنوتیپ­های برتر، برای بهبود صفات وزن لاشه و بازده لاشه بهره جست. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
331 - امکان سنجی تخمین وزن بدن شترهای کلکوهی با استفاده از پردازش تصاویر دیجیتال
م. خجسته کی م. کلانتر نیستانکی ز. رودباری ح. صادقی پناه ه. جواهری ع.ر. آقاشاهیهدف از این مطالعه بررسی امکان برآورد وزن شترهای کلکوهی با استفاده از پردازش تصاویر دیجیتال بود. برای این منظور، شترهای کلکوهی ماهانه در یک مزرعه خصوصی به مدت یک سال وزن می­شدند. در روز وزن­کشی، تصاویر دیجیتال از تمام شترها و از نمای جانبی آن­ها گرفته شد. این Moreهدف از این مطالعه بررسی امکان برآورد وزن شترهای کلکوهی با استفاده از پردازش تصاویر دیجیتال بود. برای این منظور، شترهای کلکوهی ماهانه در یک مزرعه خصوصی به مدت یک سال وزن می­شدند. در روز وزن­کشی، تصاویر دیجیتال از تمام شترها و از نمای جانبی آن­ها گرفته شد. این تصاویر دیجیتال در محیط نرم­افزار MATLAB پردازش شده و ویژگی­های عددی مورد نیاز هر تصویر از جمله ویژگی­های مختلف مورفولوژیکی تصاویر استخراج شد. از بین تمام ویژگی­های استخراج شده، برخی مانند طول محور اصلی، طول محور فرعی، تعداد عناصر غیر صفر (NNZ) و قطر معادل با وزن شترها ارتباط معنی­دار و بالایی داشتند (P<0.01) و از این نظر به­ عنوان ویژگی­ های مؤثر در توسعه شبکه عصبی در نظر گرفته شدند. برای برآورد وزن شترها بر اساس تصاویر دیجیتالی آن­ها از شبکه عصبی مصنوعی چند لایه که با الگوریتم پس انتشار خطا آموزش داده شده بود، استفاده شد. دقت مدل نهایی در برآورد وزن شترهای کلکوهی براساس ویژگی­ های تصویر آن­ها 99 درصد بود. ضریب همبستگی بین وزن تخمین­زده­ شده با مدل شبکه عصبی مصنوعی و وزن واقعی شترها 98 درصد و انحراف وزن تخمین­زده شده از وزن واقعی شترها 2.21 کیلوگرم بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که فناوری پردازش دیجیتال ظرفیت خوبی برای تخمین وزن شترهای کلکوهی دارد و این روش می­تواند جایگزین مناسبی برای وزن­کشی شترها با استفاده از باسکول باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
332 - بررسی وجود QTL برای برخی از صفات رفتاری و عملکردی بر روی کروموزوم شماره4 در بلدرچین ژاپنی
ا. رضوان نژاد ا. نصیری فرمطالعه حاضر به منظور شناسایی وجود QTL برای صفات وزن بدن در سنین 1، 7، 14، 21 و 28 روزگی، نرخ رشد روزانه در سنین 1-0، 2-1، 3-2 و 4-3 هفتگی، وزن لاشه بعد از کشتار و عدم تحرک در بلدرچین ژاپنی انجام شد. دو لاین متمایز بلدرچین ژاپنی شامل لاین وحشی و سفید که در مزرعه تحقیقاتی Moreمطالعه حاضر به منظور شناسایی وجود QTL برای صفات وزن بدن در سنین 1، 7، 14، 21 و 28 روزگی، نرخ رشد روزانه در سنین 1-0، 2-1، 3-2 و 4-3 هفتگی، وزن لاشه بعد از کشتار و عدم تحرک در بلدرچین ژاپنی انجام شد. دو لاین متمایز بلدرچین ژاپنی شامل لاین وحشی و سفید که در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان نگهداری می­شدند، مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. پرندگان دو لاین به صورت تلاقی جابجایی برای تولید نسل F1 با یکدیگر تلاقی داده شدند. نسل F2 از تلاقی تصادفی پرندگان نسل F1 تولید شدند. مدل مورد استفاده برای نقشه یابیQTL برای صفات اندازه­گیری شده، مدل F2 و ناتنیها در نرم افزار QTL express بود. کل افراد نسل F2 (422 پرنده)، والدین آنها )34 پرنده (F1و لاینهای خالص (16 پرنده) توسط 2 نشانگر ریزماهواره بر روی کروموزوم 4 ژنوتایپ شدند. بر روی این کروموزوم، با استفاده از مدل ناتنی، QTL معنیداری در سطح 05/0 و 01/0 کروموزوم، شناسایی نشد. اما با مدل F2، یک QTL معنیدار در سطح 05/0کروموزوم برای وزن بدن در سن 21 و 28 روزگی، وزن لاشه ونرخ رشد روزانه در طی 2-1، 3-2 و 4-3 هفتگی در موقعیت 54cM شناسایی شد. از آنجاکه صفات رشد صفات پیچیده­ای هستند که تحت تأثیر بسیاری از جایگاههای مؤثر بر اشتها، جذب غذا، تخصیص مواد مغذی، میزان سوخت و ساز، فعالیت بدنی و غیره میباشند، همهQTL های شناسایی شده کمتر از 4 درصد از واریانس فنوتیپی برای صفات مورد نظر توضیح می­دهند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
333 - Effect of Litter Material and Elevated Platform Enrichment on Behaviour and Welfare of Broiler Chickens in Closed-House System
K.K.S. Kapuarachchi R.M.A.S. Bandara T.I.G. Prabashwari -
Open Access Article
334 - The Estimation of Body Weight from Body Measurements in Kilakarsal Sheep of Tamil Nadu, India
T. Ravimurugan A.K. Thiruvenkadan K. Sudhakar S. Panneerselvam A. Elango -
Open Access Article
335 - بررسی چند شکلیهای جایگاههای ژنی FSHβ و FSHR و ارتباط آنها با عملکرد صفات تولیدی و تولیدمثلی در گوسفندان نژاد ایران بلک، آرمان و بلوچی
ن. نظیفی ق. رحیمی میانجی ز. انصاری پیر سراییهدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی چند شکلی در ژن گیرنده هرمون محرک فولیکولی (FSHR) و ژن زیر واحد بتای هرمون محرک فولیکولی (FSHβ) و ارتباط آن با صفات نرخ زایش و افزایش وزن بدن در گوسفندان نژاد بلوچی، ایران بلک و آرمان میباشد. در ابتدا ردیابی چند شکلی در ژن FSHβ به کمک Moreهدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی چند شکلی در ژن گیرنده هرمون محرک فولیکولی (FSHR) و ژن زیر واحد بتای هرمون محرک فولیکولی (FSHβ) و ارتباط آن با صفات نرخ زایش و افزایش وزن بدن در گوسفندان نژاد بلوچی، ایران بلک و آرمان میباشد. در ابتدا ردیابی چند شکلی در ژن FSHβ به کمک تکنیک PCR-RFLP و آنزیمهای محدود کننده ACCI و HinfI انجام شد و هیچ نوع الگوی باندی چند شکلی در این جایگاه ژنی نشان داده نشد. در مرحله بعد به منظور مطالعات بیشتر در این جایگاه ژنی از تکنیک SSCP استفاده شد که در نتیجه آن ژنوتیپهای AA و AC در گوسفندان نژاد بلوچی، ژنوتیپهای AA و AB در گوسفندان نژاد ایران بلک مشاهده شد ولی کلیه نمونههای مربوط به گوسفندان نژاد آرمان فقط ژنوتییپ AA را نشان دادند. رد­یابی چند شکلی در ژن FSHR به کمک تکنیک PCR-RFLP و تیمار آنزیمی MSCI انجام شد و سه نوع ژنوتیپ AA، AB و BB در بین نژادهای مورد مطالعه مشاهده شد. آلل B در هر سه نژاد مورد مطالعه بیشترین فراوانی را داشت. آنالیز تجزیه واریانس این جایگاههای ژنی به کمک نرم افزار SAS انجام شد. آزمون مقایسه میانگین دانکن نشان داد که چند شکلیهای هر دو جایگاه ژنی FSHR و FSHβ تأثیر معنی داری را روی صفت نرخ زایش در نژاد بلوچی دارند. همچنین نشان داد که آلل جهش یافته می­تواند متوسط نرخ زایش را به صورت قابل توجهی نسبت به آلل وحشی افزایش دهد. آنالیز دادههای مربوط به صفت وزن بدن در سنین مختلف و چند شکلی در جایگاه ژنی FSHβ، در هیچ یک از سه نژاد مورد مطالعه اختلاف معنی داری را نشان نداد. مطالعات چند شکلی در جایگاه ژنی FSHR و صفات افزایش وزن بدن نشان دهنده وجود اختلاف معنی داری در نژاد آرمان است، و نشان داد که آلل وحشی عملکرد بهتری دارد. این اطلاعات می­تواند در برنامههای اصلاح نژادی در پرورش گوسفند مورد استفاده قرار بگیرد و سبب بهبود عملکرد تولیدی و تولیدمثلی شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
336 - مقایسه شاخص انتخاب معمولی و محدود شده بر پیشرفت ژنتیکی وزن بدن در گوسفند مغانی
ح. قیاسی م. خالداری ر. طاهر خانیاثر شاخص انتخاب معمولی و محدود شده بر اساس وزن بدن در سنین محتلف بر تغییرات وزن تولد در گوسفند مغانی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. صفات در تابع هدف شامل: وزن تولد (BW)، وزن بدن در سه ماهگی (BW3) و وزن بدن در 12 ماهگی (BW12) بود. دو شاخص انتخاب معمولی (I1 و I2) و دو شاخص انتخاب Moreاثر شاخص انتخاب معمولی و محدود شده بر اساس وزن بدن در سنین محتلف بر تغییرات وزن تولد در گوسفند مغانی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. صفات در تابع هدف شامل: وزن تولد (BW)، وزن بدن در سه ماهگی (BW3) و وزن بدن در 12 ماهگی (BW12) بود. دو شاخص انتخاب معمولی (I1 و I2) و دو شاخص انتخاب محدود شده (R1 و R2) تشکیل شد. BW و BW3 در شاخص I1 و R1 وBW ، BW3 و BW6 (وزن بدن در 6 ماهگی) در شاخص I2 و R2 لحاظ شدند. پاسخ ژنتیکی مورد انتظار در هرنسل در شاخص I1 و I2 برای صفاتBW ، BW3 و BW12 به ترتیب برابر 08/0 تا 068/0، 210/0 تا 177/0 و 546/0 تا 662/0 کیلوگرم بود. افزایش BW ممکن است سبب افزایش مشکلاتی مانند سخت زایی گردد. شاخصهای انتخاب محدود شده به منظور افزایشBW3 و BW12 در حالی که تغییرات در BW در حد صفر باقی بماند، تشکیل شدند. در اثر انتخاب بر اساس R1 و R2 پاسخ ژنتیکی مورد انتظار برای BW3 (094/0 تا 062/0) و BW12 (39/0 تا 06/0 کیلوگرم) بود در حالیکه پاسخ ژنتیکی برای BW برابر صفر بود. شاخصهای انتخاب معمولی ومحدود شده سپس در جمعیت شبیهسازی شده مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. پاسخهای ژنتیکی مشاهده شده و مورد انتظار برای هر دو شاخص محدود شده و معمولی مشابه بود. در شاخصهای R1 و R2 پاسخ ژنتیکی مشاهده شده برای BW تا حدی در طول نسل کاهش یافت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
337 - اثر سطوح مختلف مکمل روغن ماهی بر عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی
جی.ب. داس م.ای. حسین م.آ. اکبرششصد جوجه گوشتی یکروزه مخلوط دو جنس برای مقایسه اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف مکمل روغن ماهی بر عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی در شرایط مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی و خصوصیات لاشه به مدت 42 روز در مرغداری دانشگاه دامپزشکی و علوم دامی چیتاگونگ مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. Moreششصد جوجه گوشتی یکروزه مخلوط دو جنس برای مقایسه اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف مکمل روغن ماهی بر عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی در شرایط مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی و خصوصیات لاشه به مدت 42 روز در مرغداری دانشگاه دامپزشکی و علوم دامی چیتاگونگ مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. جوجهها به طور تصادفی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار گروه با سه تکرار در هر گروه توزیع شدند. هر گروه از 150 قطعه جوجه و 50 پرنده در هر تکرار تشکیل شده بود. چهار جیره غذایی با استفاده از مواد خوراکی محلی در دسترس به عنوان جیره غذایی بدون روغن، جیرههای غذایی حاوی 5/2 درصد، 0/3 درصد و 5/3 درصد روغن ماهی فرموله شد. نتایج نشان داد که مکمل جیرههای غذایی با سطوح مختلف روغن ماهی به طور معنی داری (05/0>P) تفاوت در مصرف خوراک در سن 1، 3، 4 و 6 هفته داشتند. با این حال، اثر مکمل روغن ماهی بر ضریب تبدیل خوراک تا سن 5 هفته معنی دار نبود (05/0P>). در پایان هفته 6، ضریب تبدیل خوراک جوجههای گوشتی از گروههای مختلف غذایی به طور معنی داری متفاوت بود (05/0>P) به طور مشابه، تفاوت معنی داری (05/0P>) در بین هیچکدام از گروههای غذایی در اضافه وزن تا سن 3 هفته به جز در مراحل بعدی مشاهده نشد. جدا از هجده پارامتر، وزن ساق پا، وزن قلب، وزن استخوان ران و وزن چربی شکمی با مصرف مکمل روغن ماهی متفاوت بود (05/0>P). میتوان نتیجه گرفت که، افزودن مکمل روغن ماهی در سطح 5/2 درصد موجب بهترین مصرف تجمعی خوراک و ضریب تبدیل خوراک جوجههای گوشتی میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
338 - Effect of Egg Weight on Egg Traits and Hatching Performance of Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) Eggs
M. Anna Anandh P.N. Richard Jagatheesan P. Senthil Kumar G. Rajarajan A. Paramasivam -
Open Access Article
339 - اثرات کود سدیمی و آفلاتوکسین B1 بر وزن بدن جوجههای گوشتی
م. اسکالیکا ب. کورنکوواهدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر محافظتی کود طبیعی جاذب سدیم (HuNa) در جیره بر پیشگیری از اثر سمیت آفلاتوکسین B1 (AFB1) در جوجه­های گوشتی بود. 72 جوجه گوشتی آمیخته هایبرو به صورت تصادفی در 4 گروه تقسیم شدند: گروه کنترل (G1) و سه گروه آزمایشی (G2 تا G4) با افزودن HuNa (G2 Moreهدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر محافظتی کود طبیعی جاذب سدیم (HuNa) در جیره بر پیشگیری از اثر سمیت آفلاتوکسین B1 (AFB1) در جوجه­های گوشتی بود. 72 جوجه گوشتی آمیخته هایبرو به صورت تصادفی در 4 گروه تقسیم شدند: گروه کنترل (G1) و سه گروه آزمایشی (G2 تا G4) با افزودن HuNa (G2)، تنها AFB1 (G3) و HuNa و AFB1 (G4). HuNa به مخلوط خوراک کامل برای جوجه­ها افزوده شد (با نسبت 1 گرم HuNa در هر 100 گرم مخلوط خوراک). AFB1 نیز با غلظت 25 میکروگرم در هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن افزوده گردید. پارامترهای ارزیابی شده عبارت از وزن بدن و سطوح سرمی آلکالین فسفاتاز (ALP) بود. AFB1 و HuNa برای جوجه­های گوشتی از 28 روزگی به کار گرفته شدند. کاهش معنی­دار آماری در فعالیت ALP (05/0>P) در گروه G3 در مقایسه با گروه G1 جوجه­های گوشتی از 42 تا 56 روزگی به بعد مشاهده شد. ولی افزایش معنی­دار آماری در فعالیت ALP (05/0>P) در گروه G4 در مقایسه با گروه G1 مشاهده گردید. وزن بدن جوجه­های گوشتی پس از قرار گرفتن در معرض AFB1 (G3) در مقایسه با شاهد (G1) حدود 180 گرم پایین­تر بود. همچنین افزودن HuNa سبب افزایش وزن بدن جوجه­های گوشتی تا حدود 67/26 گرم در انتهای آزمایش در مقایسه با گروه شاهد گردید. افزایش معنی­دار آماری (05/0>P) در وزن بدن برای گروه G3 و G4 در سن 56 روزگی در مقایسه با سن 28 روزگی ثبت گردید. نتایج این آزمایش نشان می­دهند که HuNa اثر مثبتی بر رشد جوجه­های گوشتی داشته و می­تواند یک افزودنی طبیعی مناسب برای رشد جوجه­های گوشتی در برابر اثرات زیان­آور آفلاتوکسین­ها باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
340 - پاسخ انتخاب برای وزن بدن در بلدرچین ژاپنی (Coturnix coturnix japonica
اس. هوسن آ.م. عبد الرحمان ال-خدری آ.م. حسنمطالعه حاضر به بررسی اثر انتخاب برای وزن بدن (BW) بر عملکرد تولیدی، BW پیش­بینی شده و بهبود ژنتیکی مرتبط با صفات در بلدرچین ژاپنی است. جمعیت پایه، والدین منتخب و فرزندان F1 مورد آزمون قرار گرفتند. پرورش در قفس و لانه صورت گرفت. از تعداد کل 240 پرنده در دو نسل متوالی Moreمطالعه حاضر به بررسی اثر انتخاب برای وزن بدن (BW) بر عملکرد تولیدی، BW پیش­بینی شده و بهبود ژنتیکی مرتبط با صفات در بلدرچین ژاپنی است. جمعیت پایه، والدین منتخب و فرزندان F1 مورد آزمون قرار گرفتند. پرورش در قفس و لانه صورت گرفت. از تعداد کل 240 پرنده در دو نسل متوالی، 27 نر و 54 ماده (به عنوان والدین منتخب) به کار گرفته شدند. وزن بدن از معادله رگرسیون چندگانه، آنالیز کوواریانس و مدل­های مرکب برآورد گردیده و پاسخ انتخاب، وراثت­پذیری تحقق یافته و همبستگی ژنتیکی برای BW، افزایش وزن (WG)، مصرف خوراک (FI) و ضریب تبدیل خوراک (FCR) محاسبه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که پاسخ انتخاب برای BW، WG، FI و FCR به ترتیب برابر با 48/11 گرم، 04/27 گرم، 37 گرم و 2/0- بود. وراثت­پذیری­های برآورد شده برای صفات فوق نیز به ترتیب برابر با 78/0، 67/0، 52/0 و 77/0 بود. معادله پیش­بینی شده (معادله DUHOK) برای BW به عنوان متغیر وابسته به وزن بدن اولیه و نسبت جنس نیز به دست آورده شد. پاسخ نهایی برای وزن بدن به صورت 84/5 درصد BW زنده تعیین گردید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
341 - تأثیر عصاره رزماری (Rosmarinus officinalis) بر عملکرد، توانایی آنتیاکسیدانی و فراسنجههای گازهای خونی جوجههای گوشتی تحت تیمار نیترات سدیم در آب آشامیدنی
ع.ر. اخواست م. دانشیاردویست و بیست جوجه گوشتی در 5 گروه برای بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف 0، 5/1، 3 و 6 میلیلیتر عصاره رزماری همراه با نیترات سدیم (4/27 میلیگرم در لیتر آب آشامیدنی) در مقایسه با آب شاهد (فاقد هیچ افزودنی) بر عملکرد و پتانسیل آنتیاکسیدانی جوجههای گوشتی استفاده شد. افزایش وزن بد Moreدویست و بیست جوجه گوشتی در 5 گروه برای بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف 0، 5/1، 3 و 6 میلیلیتر عصاره رزماری همراه با نیترات سدیم (4/27 میلیگرم در لیتر آب آشامیدنی) در مقایسه با آب شاهد (فاقد هیچ افزودنی) بر عملکرد و پتانسیل آنتیاکسیدانی جوجههای گوشتی استفاده شد. افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک در طول دوره پایانی به طور منفی تحت تأثیر نیترات قرار گرفت که با سطوح مختلف عصاره رزماری به حالت عادی برگشت. هر دوی اسید اوریک و ظرفیت کل آنتیاکسیدانی توسط نیترات کاهش یافت در حالیکه با مصرف 3 میلیلیتر عصاره رزماری به سطح شاهد رسید. نیترات فشار جزئی اکسیژن را کاهش داد و سطوح 3 و 6 میلیلیتر در لیتر عصاره رزماری فشار جزئی اکسیژن را به سطح کنترل رساند. فشار جزئی دیاکسید کربن خون سیاهرگی بر خلاف فشار جزئی اکسیژن تحت تأثیر نیترات و عصاره رزماری قرار گرفت. به طور کلی، مصرف عصاره رزماری در آب آشامیدنی میتواند توانایی آنتیاکسیدانی و عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی تحت تیمار نیترات سدیم را بهبود دهد Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
342 - Influence of Body Condition on Milk Production and Metabolic Profile in Assaf Sheep
M. Simeonov D.L. Harmon I. Stoicheva -
Open Access Article
343 - مقایسه وزن بدن، فراسنجههای بیومتریکی بدن، فراسنجههای خونی و غلظت پروژسترون بره میشها و شیشکهای قزل
م. ابراهیمی ب. فردوست غ. مقدم س.ع. رافت ع. حسین خانی ص. علیجانی ح. دقیق کیا ح. پایااگرچه بره میشهای بسیاری از نژادها عملکرد تولید مثلی قابل قبولی دارند، بره میشهای قزل نرخ باروری پایینی دارند، در حالیکه شیشکهای قزل نرخ باروری بالایی دارند. بنابراین، مقایسه بره میشها و شیشکها می­تواند به ما در فهم این تفاوت کمک کند. در نتیجه، این مطالعه به منظ Moreاگرچه بره میشهای بسیاری از نژادها عملکرد تولید مثلی قابل قبولی دارند، بره میشهای قزل نرخ باروری پایینی دارند، در حالیکه شیشکهای قزل نرخ باروری بالایی دارند. بنابراین، مقایسه بره میشها و شیشکها می­تواند به ما در فهم این تفاوت کمک کند. در نتیجه، این مطالعه به منظور بررسی وزن بدن، فراسنجههای بیومتریکی بدن، فراسنجههای سرم، غلظت پروژسترون و همبستگی صفات بره میشها و شیشکهای قزل طراحی شد. در طی فصل تولید مثلی، بره میشها (تعداد 36، متوسط سن هفت ماه) و شیشکهای (تعداد 39، متوسط سن 18 ماه) قزل وزن­کشی شدند، فراسنجههای بیومتریکی بدن اندازه­گیری شدند، نمونههای خون جمع­آوری شده و غلظت فراسنجههای سرم و پروژسترون اندازه­گیری شدند. سپس، همگی دادهها بر اساس رویه GLM نرم افزار SAS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج این پژوهش بالاتر بودن وزن نسبی بدن، همگی فراسنجههای بیومتریکی بدن (به غیر از طول سر) و غلظت پروژسترون در شیشکهای قزل در مقایسه با بره میشها را نشان دادند (P<0.01). با این حال غلظتهای سرمی اوره و گلوکز در شیشکهای قزل در مقایسه با بره میشها پایینتر بود (P<0.05). همچنین نتایج همبستگی مثبت بین وزن نسبی بدن و سن با غلظت پروژسترون در شیشکهای قزل نشان داد (P<0.01). از سوی دیگر، نتایج همبستگی منفی بین غلظتهای پروژسترون وزن نسبی بدن و سن با غلظت اوره شیشک­های قزل نشان دادند (P<0.05). نتایج کلی این پژوهش نشان دادکه بره میشهای قزل وزن نسبی بدن، فراسنجههای بدنی و غلظت پروژسترون کمتر، اما غلظتهای اوره و گلوکز خونی بیشتر در مقایسه با شیشکهای قزل داشتند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
344 - اثر رسوب روغن خام سویا به عنوان یک جایگزین برای روغن سویا تصفیه شده در جیره غذایی جوجههای گوشتی
M.E. Hossain G.B. Das450 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یکروزه تعیین جنسیت نشده در یک آزمایش 35 روزه در مزرعه دانشگاه دامپزشکی و علوم دامی چیتاگونگ برای بررسی اثر استفاده از رسوب روغن خام سویا (CSOS) به عنوان جایگزینی برای روغن سویا تصفیه شده (RSO) در جیره غذایی جوجههای گوشتی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. آز More450 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یکروزه تعیین جنسیت نشده در یک آزمایش 35 روزه در مزرعه دانشگاه دامپزشکی و علوم دامی چیتاگونگ برای بررسی اثر استفاده از رسوب روغن خام سویا (CSOS) به عنوان جایگزینی برای روغن سویا تصفیه شده (RSO) در جیره غذایی جوجههای گوشتی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. جوجه به صورت تصادفی در 3 گروه تیماری با 3 تکرار در هر تیمار توزیع شدند. هر تکرار دارای 50 پرنده بود. آشیانه توسط سیم توری به 9 بخش تقسیم شد تا تکرارهای مورد نظر به وجود آیند. پرندگان با 3 نوع جیره غذایی شامل جیره غذایی بدون CSOS و RSO (T0) تغذیه شده بودند، جیره غذایی حاوی RSO (T1) و جیره غذایی حاوی CSOS (T2) تغذیه شدند. تمام پرندگان به صورت آزادانه به خوراک دسترسی داشتند. نتایج نشان داد که هیچ تفاوت (05/0P<) در افزایش وزن پرندگان برای هفته 1 و 2 وجود نداشت به جز در هفته 3، 4 و 5 که مربوط به تیمارهای غذایی نبود. در هفته 5، حداکثر میانگین افزایش وزن در پرندگان تغذیه شده با جیره غذایی حاوی RSO (T1) و حداقل (7/2±6/56 گرم/روز) در پرندگان تغذیه شده جیره غذایی بدون CSOS و RSO (T0) بود (1/2±7/37 گرم/روز) بود. مشابه افزایش وزن، متوسط مصرف خوراک تفاوت داشت (01/0P<) و مقادیر میانگین9/1 ± 5/50, 1/2 ± 3/55 و 0/2 ± 4/53 گرم در هفته 2، 1/3 ± 5/92، 3/2 ± 4/83 بود و 2/2 ± 4/84 گرم در هفته 3 و 4/116 ± 3/2، 9/1 ± 5/114 و 7/2 ± 4/120 گرم در هفته 4 برای تیمارهای T0، T1 و T2 بود. ضریب تبدیل غذایی (FCR) فقط در هفته 5 متفاوت بود (05/0P<) و مقادیر میانگین 11/0 ± 80/1، 12/0 ± 03/2 و 09/0 ± 90/1 به ترتیب برای گروه T0، T1 و تیمار T2 بودند. بهترین ضریب تبدیل غذا (11/0 ± 80/1) در پرندگان تغذیه شده با جیره غذایی حاوی RSO (T1) بود و در پرندگان تغذیه شده جیره غذایی بدون CSOS و RSO (T0) FCR نسبتاً ضعیفی (03/2±12/0) مشاهده شد. بنابراین میتوان نتیجه گرفت که RSO میتواند توسط CSOS در جیره غذایی جوجههای گوشتی جایگزین شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
345 - Effect of Wheat Straw and Molasses Supplementation on Quality, Lamb Performance, and Digestibility of Forage Turnip (Brassica rapa) Silage
B. Dogan Das N. Denek -
Open Access Article
346 - اثر پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی روی عملکرد تخمگذاری، کیفیت تخم مرغ، محتوای پروفایل لیپید و کاروتن تخم مرغ در مرغان تخمگذار
M. Habanabashaka M. Sengabo I.O. Oladunjoyeاین مطالعه در طی 8 هفته و برای بررسی اثرات استفاده از پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی در جیره مرغان تخمگذار روی عملکرد تخمگذاری، کیفیت تخم مرغ و پروفایل لیپید تخم مرغ و همچنین برای کاهش هزینه خوراک و تولید انجام شد. چهار جیره تخمگذاری حاوی پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی در چهار سطح 0، 3 Moreاین مطالعه در طی 8 هفته و برای بررسی اثرات استفاده از پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی در جیره مرغان تخمگذار روی عملکرد تخمگذاری، کیفیت تخم مرغ و پروفایل لیپید تخم مرغ و همچنین برای کاهش هزینه خوراک و تولید انجام شد. چهار جیره تخمگذاری حاوی پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی در چهار سطح 0، 3، 6 و 9 درصد به طور تصادفی به چهار گروه 40 قطعهای از مرغان در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی اختصاص یافتند. هر تیمار شامل چهار تکرار و هر تکرار شامل 10 قطعه مرغ بود. دادههای جمعآوری شده توسط رویه GLM بسته نرمافزاری SASآنالیز شدند. نتایج تفاوت معنیداری برای سطوح 0، 3 و 6 درصد از پودر ضایعات در مورد تولید تخممرغ، پروفایل لیپید زرده و محتوای کاروتن آن نشان نداد (به ترتیب 30/68، 80/67 و 10/68 درصد) اما در سطح 9 درصد استفاده از پودر ضایعات کاهش معنیدار در این تولید (45/63 درصد تولید روز مرغ) مشاهده شد. ضریب تبدیل خوراک در سطح 9 درصد به طور معنیداری بالاتر بود. وزن تخممرغ، واحدهاو و شاخص زرده توسط تیمارهای جیرهای تأثیر نپذیرفتند. رنگ زرده به طور معنیداری با افزایش سطح ضایعات در جیرهها افزایش یافت. محتوای لیپیدزرده (از جمله کلسترول) در کمترین مقدار در سطوح 6 و 9 درصد بود. محتوای کاروتنوئید زرده (از جمله لیکوپن) در مرغان تغذیه شده با پودر ضایعات به طور معنیداری با افزایش محتوای ضایعات افزایش یافت. نتیجه اینکه، استفاده از پودر ضایعات گوجه فرنگی تا سطح 6 درصد میتواند بدون اثر سوء روی کیفیت تخم مرغ و میزان تولید تخم مرغ در جیره مرغان تخمگذار استفاده شود. این سطح از پودر ضایعات همچنین نشان داد که از طریق افزایش شاخص رنگ زرده و غلظلت لیکوپن و همچنین کاهش محتوای کلسترول زرده تخممرغ میتواند مفید نیز باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
347 - Comparison of the Growth Curve Models on Live Weights in Terms of Different Environmental Factors in Awassi Lambs
H. Hızlı E. Yazgan -
Open Access Article
348 - Body Weight Prediction of Dromedary Camels Using the Machine Learning Models
N. Asadzadeh M. Bitaraf Sani E. Shams Davodly J. Zare Harofte M. Khojestehkey S. Abbaasi A. Shafie Naderi -
Open Access Article
349 - برآورد وزن بدن بر مبنای ابعاد قلب گوسفندان ساردی و تیماهدیت با استفاده از مدلهای مختلف
آی. بوجنانه اس. هلهالیهدف از این مطالعه تعیین رابطه بین وزن بدن (BW) و ابعاد قلب (HG) در گوسفندان ساردی و تیماهدیت و برازش یک معادله پیش­بینی BW بر مبنای HG بوده است. داده­های مورد استفاده در این مطالعه شامل 476 رکورد BW و HG (227 رکورد در ساردی و 249 رکورد در تیماهدیت) بود که از نره Moreهدف از این مطالعه تعیین رابطه بین وزن بدن (BW) و ابعاد قلب (HG) در گوسفندان ساردی و تیماهدیت و برازش یک معادله پیش­بینی BW بر مبنای HG بوده است. داده­های مورد استفاده در این مطالعه شامل 476 رکورد BW و HG (227 رکورد در ساردی و 249 رکورد در تیماهدیت) بود که از نرها و ماده­ها در سنین مختلف و از 33 مزرعه خصوصی جمعآوری گردیدند. میانگین BW و HG در ساردی به ترتیب 2/12 ± 8/34 کیلوگرم و 3/16 ± 0/74 سانتی­متر و در تیماهدیت به ترتیب 7/22 ± 2/39 کیلوگرم و 4/16 ± 4/78 سانتی­متر در تیماهدیت بود. ضرایب همبستگی بین BW و HG که به ترتیب در ساردی و تیماهدیت برابر با 958/0 و 944/0 بوده، نشان ­دهنده وجود همبستگی بالا بین این دو متغیر است. شش مدل پیش­بینی شامل رگرسیون خطی ساده، رگرسیون­های درجه سه و چهار چند جمله­ای و سه رگرسیون غیر خطی (گومپتز، آلومتریک و میشرلیک) برای این داده­ها برازش یافتند. این مدل­ها برای کل داده­ها (صرفنظر از نژاد و جنس)، به طور جداگانه برای همه حیوانات یک نژاد صرفنظر از جنس (مختص نژاد) و به طور جداگانه برای نرها و ماده­ها صرفنظر از نژاد (مختص جنس) به کار گرفته شدند. برای تعیین بهترین مدل رگرسیونی برازش یافته، ضریب تعین (2R یا شبه 2R) میانگین مربعات باقیمانده (MSE) و معیار اطلاعات آکایک (AIC) مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. هر شش مدل به خوبی با مجموعه داده­ها انطباق داشتند. زیرا 2R یا شبه 2R آنها از 892/0 تا 969/0 متغیر بوده است. با این حال براساس سایر معیارهای انتخاب، چنین به نظر می­رسد که مدل درجه سوم چند جمله­ای بهترین مدل بوده و مدل آلومتریک بایستی نادیده گرفته شود. مشاهدات دور در هر سه مدل برتر با کمک باقیمانده­های استودنت و مقادیر مطلق بزرگتر از دو انحراف معیار که نشان دهنده انحراف معنی ­دار بوده است، کنترل گردیدند. سپس مشاهدات پرت حذف گردیده و بهترین مدل­ها بر روی مجموعه­ داده­های پاکسازی شده پیاده گردیده و مقایسه شدند. بدین ترتیب، برای کل داده­ها، نژاد ساردی و ماده­ها، مدل میشرلیک مناسب بوده و برای نژاد تیماهدیت و نرها، به ترتیب مدل­های درجه سوم و گومپتز مناسب بوده­اند. بنابراین یک معیار جهت کمک به پرورش دهندگان در مدیریت بهتر گوسفندان در هر دسته ارائه گردید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
350 - بهکارگیری سنجشهای بدنی گوسفندان سر سیاه سومالی به عنوان پارامترهایی برای برآورد وزن بدن
آ. آبرا فیسا ک. کبده کفنی ن. آماهاگوسفند و بز نقش بزرگی در اقتصاد جوامع روستایی دارند که در قسمتهای پست اتیوپی ساکن هستند. این پژوهش در منطقه پست بورنیو جنوب اتیوپی برای پیشبینی وزن بدن گوسفندان سر سیاه سومالی (BHS) با استفاده از سنجشهای خطی بدنی تحت شرایط مزرعهای انجام شد. مجموعهای از 478 رأس (301 Moreگوسفند و بز نقش بزرگی در اقتصاد جوامع روستایی دارند که در قسمتهای پست اتیوپی ساکن هستند. این پژوهش در منطقه پست بورنیو جنوب اتیوپی برای پیشبینی وزن بدن گوسفندان سر سیاه سومالی (BHS) با استفاده از سنجشهای خطی بدنی تحت شرایط مزرعهای انجام شد. مجموعهای از 478 رأس (301 ماده و 177 نر) برای سنجشهای خطی بدنی و وزن بدن اندازهگیری شدند. دادههای بهدست آمده روی ارتفاع جدوگاه (WH)، ابعاد سینه (CG)، طول بدن (BL)، عمق سینه (CD)، عرض لگن (PW)، محیط استخوان توپی (CC)، محیط دم (TC)، محیط بیضه برای نر (SC) و وزن بدن (BW) در مدلهای خطی و رگرسیون چندگانه برای پیشبینی وزن زنده از سنجشهای بدنی برازش شدند. حیوانات در دو گروه نرها و مادهها؛ و چهار گروه سنی، بر اساس جفت دندان دائمی (PPI)، همانند 0 PPI، 1 PPI، 2 PPI و 3 PPI دستهبندی شدند. نتایج نشان دادند که، وزن بدن زنده گوسفندان نژاد BHS بهدست آمده در پژوهش حاضر در مقایسه با وزن بدن توصیه شده، 30 کیلوگرم در سن یکسالگی کمتر بود. بر اساس رویه رگرسیونی مرحلهای، CD، CG، WH و TC برای مادهها و CG، CD، CC، BL و WH برای نرها جهت پیشبینی وزن زنده در مدلهای رگرسیونی خطی چندگانه بهتر بودند. مقدار ضریب همبستگی (r) نشان داد که CG بیشترین همبستگی را با وزن زنده (r=0.90 برای نرها) و ( r=89 برای مادهها) داشت. از اینرو، پژوهش نتیجه گرفت که پیشبینی وزن بدن از ابعاد سینه همراه یا در ترکیب با سنجشهای بدنی دیگر یک گزینه عملی تحت شرایط مزرعه با صحت قابل قبول خواهد بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
351 - برآورد اجزای واریانس وزن بدن گوسفند مغانی با کمک مدلهای رگرسیون تصادفی بی–اسپلاین
پ. زمانی م.ر. مرادی د. علیپور ا. احمدیهدف از از پژوهش حاضر برآورد اجزای (کو) واریانس و پارامترهای ژنتیکی وزن بدن گوسفند مغانی، با کمک مدل­های رگرسیون تصادفی بر پایه توابع بی–اسپلاین بود. سری داده­ها شامل 9165 رکورد وزن بدن 60 تا 365 روزگی 2811 گوسفند مغانی، جمعآوری شده در سال­های 1373 تا Moreهدف از از پژوهش حاضر برآورد اجزای (کو) واریانس و پارامترهای ژنتیکی وزن بدن گوسفند مغانی، با کمک مدل­های رگرسیون تصادفی بر پایه توابع بی–اسپلاین بود. سری داده­ها شامل 9165 رکورد وزن بدن 60 تا 365 روزگی 2811 گوسفند مغانی، جمعآوری شده در سال­های 1373 تا 1392 در مؤسسه تحقیقات و اصلاح نژاد دام جعفر آباد استان اردبیل در ایران بود. داده­ها با کمک مدل­های رگرسیون تصادفی تجزیه شدند. گروه­های هم­دوره (سال–فصل تولد–جنس–نوع تولد–سن مادر هنگام تولد) و رگرسیون ثابت وزن بدن روی سن به عنوان بخش­های ثابت مدل­ها در نظر گرفته شدند. رگرسیون­های تصادفی اثرات ژنتیکی افزایشی مستقیم، محیطی دائمی، ژنتیکی افزایشی مادری و محیطی مادری بخش­های تصادفی مدل­ها بودند. توابع بی-اسپلاین خطی و درجه دو با دو یا سه ضریب برای رگرسیون­های ثابت و تصادفی مدل­ها برازش شدند. یک ساختار ناهم­گون واریانس باقی مانده در پنج کلاس سنی در نظر گرفته شد. اجزای واریانس با الگوریتم میانگین اطلاعات بیشترین درست نمایی محدود شده (AI-REML) برآورد شدند. مدل­های مختلف بر اساس معیارهای اطلاعات آکایک (AIC) و بیزین (BIC) مقایسه شدند. بر اساس هر دو معیار، بهترین مدل، مدل دارای توابع بی–اسپلاین درجه دو با تعداد 3، 3، 3، 2 و 2 به­ ترتیب، برای رگرسیون ثابت و رگرسیون­های تصادفی اثرات ژنتیکی افزایشی مستقیم، محیطی دائمی، ژنتیکی افزایشی مادری و محیطی مادری بود. بر اساس این مدل، برآورد­های وراثت­پذیری مستقیم پایین تا متوسط (135/0 تا 330/0) و ضریب محیط دائمی متوسط تا بالا (229/0 تا 613/0) به دست آمدند، در حالی­که برآوردهای وراثت­پذیری مادری (05/0 تا 14/0) و ضریب محیط مادری (کمتر از 01/0) در همه سنین مقادیری پایین یا جزئی بودند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
352 - چندشکلی ژن هورمون رشد و اثر آن بر صفات تولیدی و تولیدمثلی بز
ف. غلامحسین زاده گوکی م.ر. محمدآبادی م. اسدی فوزیهورمون رشد بر انواع گوناگونی از پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی از قبیل شیردهی، تولید مثل، رشد و متابولیسم اثر دارد. بنابراین، هدف این مطالعه تشخیص چندشکلی ژن هورمون رشد و همبستگی آن با ارزش­ های اصلاحی صفات تولیدی و تولیدمثلی بز کرکی راینی بود. ارزش ­های اصلاحی با استفا Moreهورمون رشد بر انواع گوناگونی از پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی از قبیل شیردهی، تولید مثل، رشد و متابولیسم اثر دارد. بنابراین، هدف این مطالعه تشخیص چندشکلی ژن هورمون رشد و همبستگی آن با ارزش­ های اصلاحی صفات تولیدی و تولیدمثلی بز کرکی راینی بود. ارزش ­های اصلاحی با استفاده از رکوردهای 26731 بز کرکی راینی برآورد شدند. برای مطالعه چندشکلی ژن هورمون رشد 300 حیوان بر اساس ارزش­های اصلاحی برآورد شده برای این صفات انتخاب شدند. سپس ژنوتیپ حیوانات با استفاده از تکنیک PCR-RFLP تعیین شد. فراوانی­ های ژنوتیپی برای ژنوتیپ ­های AA، AB و BB به ترتیب 0.15، 0.85 و 0 بود. تعداد آلل ­های مشاهده شده، تعداد آلل­ های مؤثر، هتروزیگوسیتی مورد انتظار، هتروزیگوسیتی مشاهده شده، میانگین هتروزیگوسیتی، هموزیگوسیتی مورد انتظار، هموزیگوسیتی مشاهده شده، شاخص نئی، شاخص شانون و شاخص تثبیت به ترتیب 2، 1.96، 0.49، 0.85، 0.49، 0.51، 0.15، 0.49، 0.69 و 0.74- به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین ارزش­ های اصلاحی برآورد شده برای نوع تولد، وزن کرک و وزن تولد در ژنوتیپ­ های مختلف متفاوت است، البته این تفاوت ­ها از نظر آماری معنی ­دار نبود (0.05<P). اما، برای صفات وزن کرک و نوع تولد ژنوتیپ AB ارزش اصلاحی برآورد شده بالاتری داشتند. به علت تنوع نسبتا بالای ژن هورمون رشد در بز کرکی راینی و همبستگی آن با صفات مهم اقتصادی، استفاده از ژن هورمون رشد در برنامه­ های اصلاح نژادی این نژاد می ­تواند منجر به پیشرفت ژنتیکی قابل قبولی شود و ژنوتیپ AA برای صفت وزن تولد و ژنوتیپ AB برای صفات وزن کرک و نوع تولد می ­توانند به عنوان نشانگر غیر مستقیم برای انتخاب حیوانات برتر استفاده شوند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
353 - برآورد پارامترهای ژنتیکی صفات وزن بدن در گوسفند کردی
ع.ر. شهدادی د.ع. ساقیبرای برآورد پارامترهای ژنتیکی صفات وزن بدن در گوسفند کردی داده­های جمع­آوری شده طی سال­های 1375 تا 1392 در ایستگاه پرورش و اصلاح نژاد گوسفند کردی واقع در شهرستان شیروان استان خراسان شمالی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل وزن تولد (BW)، وزن 3 ماه Moreبرای برآورد پارامترهای ژنتیکی صفات وزن بدن در گوسفند کردی داده­های جمع­آوری شده طی سال­های 1375 تا 1392 در ایستگاه پرورش و اصلاح نژاد گوسفند کردی واقع در شهرستان شیروان استان خراسان شمالی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل وزن تولد (BW)، وزن 3 ماهگی (WW)، وزن 6 ماهگی (6MW)، وزن 9 ماهگی (9MW) و وزن یک سالگی (YW) بود. اثرات ثابت موجود در مدل سال زایش، جنس بره، نوع تولد و سن مادر هنگام زایش بود. مؤلفه­های (کو)واریانس و پارامترهای ژنتیکی صفات با تجزیه و تحلیل­های یک و چند متغیره مدل­های حیوانی با استفاده از روش حداکثر درست­نمایی محدود شده برآورد گردید. پس از برازش مدل­های حیوانی مورد استفاده، مناسب­ترین مدل برای هر صفت بر اساس مقادیر لگاریتم حداکثر درست­نمایی انتخاب شد. مدل حاوی اثرات ژنتیکی افزایشی مستقیم و اثرات ژنتیکی مادری بدون در نظر گرفتن کوواریانس بین آنها مناسب­ترین مدل برای صفات BW و WW بود. مدل حاوی اثرات ژنتیکی افزایشی به عنوان بهترین مدل برای سایر صفات (6MW، 9MW و YW) در نظر گرفته شد. سال زایش، جنس بره و نوع تولد تأثیر معنی­داری روی صفات وزن بدن داشتند (01/0>P). وراثت­پذیری برآورد شده برای صفات BW، WW، 6MW، 9MW و YW به ترتیب 10/0، 28/0، 32/0، 22/0 و 20/0 بود. وراثت­پذیری مادری برای BW و WW به ترتیب 27/0 و 13/0 برآورد گردید. همبستگی­های ژنتیکی افزایشی مستقیم بین صفات مختلف وزن بدن به ترتیب در دامنه 56/0 (BW با YW) تا 97/0 (6MW با 9MW) متغیر بود. همبستگی­های ژنتیکی افزایشی مادری بین صفات وزن بدن در محدوده 84/0 تا 99/0 قرار داشت. همبستگی­های برآورد شده بین صفات نشان می­دهد که انتخاب برای هر کدام از این صفات باعث بهبود پیشرفت ژنتیکی در سایر صفات می­شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
354 - The Effect of Different Dietary Crude Protein Content on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Blood Metabolites of Cull Bali Cows Fed on Urea-Treated Rice Straw
I.G.N. Jelantik G.E.M. Malelak I. Benu C.L.O. Leo-Penu -
Open Access Article
355 - تأثیر مصرف خوراکی کولین محافظت شده و ویتامین E بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی و وزن بدن در گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی
M. Rahmani M. Dehghan-Banadaky R. Kamalyanبه منظور بررسی اثرات مصرف کولین محافظت شده یا ویتامین E بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی و وزن بدن در گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی، تعداد 24 رأس گاو هلشتاین یک شکمزا و چند شکمزا که در هفته پنجم شیردهی قرار داشتند، به مدت چهار هفته مورد آزمایش ق Moreبه منظور بررسی اثرات مصرف کولین محافظت شده یا ویتامین E بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی و وزن بدن در گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی، تعداد 24 رأس گاو هلشتاین یک شکمزا و چند شکمزا که در هفته پنجم شیردهی قرار داشتند، به مدت چهار هفته مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. گاوها به طور تصادفی به یکی از گروههای زیر اختصاص یافتند: I- بدون دریافت مکمل (شاهد) II- دریافت کننده کولین محافظت شده (90 گرم در روز) و III- دریافت کننده ویتامین E (4400 واحد بین المللی در روز). در این مطالعه، مصرف کولین یا ویتامین E بر ماده خشک مصرفی، وزن بدن، امتیاز وضعیت بدنی، تولید شیر، درصد و محصول اجزای تشکیل دهنده شیر به غیر از درصد مواد جامد بدون چربی در گروه کولین، تأثیری نداشت (05/0P>). مصرف کولین محافظت شده سبب افزایش درصد مواد جامد بدون چربی شیر در مقایسه با گروه شاهد و گروه ویتامین E گردید (05/0>P). نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که مصرف کولین یا ویتامین E در جیره گاوهای اوایل دوره شیردهی تأثیری بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر، ماده خشک مصرفی، وضعیت شرایط بدنی و وزن بدن نداشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
356 - اثر مکمل جیرهای آسپرژیلوس زایلاناز روی عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی
سی.ای. اُییگو وی. ملامبو وی. موچنج یو. ماروماثر مکمل آسپرژیلوس زایلاناز (ASXYL) در جیرههای غذایی ذرت سویا روی آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز سرم، آلانین آمینوترانسفراز سرم، تست میکوبی، صفات رشد، خصوصیات لاشه و صفات کیفیت گوشت جوجههای گوشتی بررسی شد. 300 جوجه گوشتی یکروزه جنس مختلط Cobb 500 به 5 جیره غذایی با 5 تکرار Moreاثر مکمل آسپرژیلوس زایلاناز (ASXYL) در جیرههای غذایی ذرت سویا روی آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز سرم، آلانین آمینوترانسفراز سرم، تست میکوبی، صفات رشد، خصوصیات لاشه و صفات کیفیت گوشت جوجههای گوشتی بررسی شد. 300 جوجه گوشتی یکروزه جنس مختلط Cobb 500 به 5 جیره غذایی با 5 تکرار هرکدام 12 پرنده اختصاص یافت. تیمارها شامل، ASXYL0 (0 g/kg)، ASXYL10 (1 g/kg)، ASXYL15 (1.5g/kg)، ASXYL20 (2g/kg) و ASXYL25 (2.5 g/kg) بودند. پرندههای تغذیه شده با ASXYL20 بیشترین وزن بدن (05/0P<) با ضریب تبدیل بهبود یافته (FCR) و مقادیر بالاتری برای ران، سینه، بال و عملکرد لاشه داشتند. وزن گردن برای پرندگان تغذیه شده با ASXYL0، ASXYL15 و ASXYL20 بالا بود (05/0P<). مقدار ران مرغ رکورد برداری شده بالاتر (05/0P<) برای پرندگان تغذیه شده با ASXYL20 اگرچه، مشابه با ASXYL10، ASXYL15 و ASXYL25. از دست دادن آب میان بافتی و کیفیت پخت و پز با افزایش سطوح مکمل ASXY کاهش داشت (05/0P<) اگرچه نیروی برشی همراه با افزایش مکمل ASXYL افزایش داشت. اوره، آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز و آلانین ترانسفراز با افزایش سطوح مکمل ASXYL کاهش داشت اگرچه سطح گلوکز با افزایش سطوح مکمل ASXYL افزایش داشت. مکمل ASXYL تکثر شمار لاکتوباسیلوسها در ایلئوم و سکوم را تحت تأثیر قرار داد اگرچه هیچ تفاوتی (05/0<P) روی جمعیت بیفیدوباکتریا و اشرشیاکلی هم در ایلئوم هم در سکوم جوجههای گوشتی در پایان آزمایش تغذیهای مشاهده نشد. نتیجه گرفته شده که جیره ASXYL20 وزن بدن بهبود یافته بیشتر و مقادیر برشی جزئی تولید میکند. بهعلاوه، نشانگرهای زیستی نشان دادند که ASXYL وضعیت سلامتی جوجههای گوشتی را بهبود داده و آنزیم آزمون شده بر محیط روده تأثیر مثبت گذاشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
357 - مطالعه عملکرد تولیدی و تولیدمثلی جوجههای سویه رُد آیلند رِد سفید
آ.ک. داس اس. کومار آ. رحیم آ.ک. میشرااین مطالعه با هدف بررسی خصوصیات تولیدی و تولیدمثلی جوجه­های سویه رُد آیلند رِد سفید که در مؤسسه مرکزی تحقیقات طیور واقع در آیزاتناگار نگهداری و پرورش داده می­شوند، صورت گرفته است. 346 تخم مرغ نطفه­دار (بارور) در دستگاه جوجه­کشی الکتریکی قرار داده شده و 2 Moreاین مطالعه با هدف بررسی خصوصیات تولیدی و تولیدمثلی جوجه­های سویه رُد آیلند رِد سفید که در مؤسسه مرکزی تحقیقات طیور واقع در آیزاتناگار نگهداری و پرورش داده می­شوند، صورت گرفته است. 346 تخم مرغ نطفه­دار (بارور) در دستگاه جوجه­کشی الکتریکی قرار داده شده و 234 جوجه در سه هچ مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. اطلاعات عملکردی با استفاده از آنالیز حداقل مربعات واریانس تحلیل گردید. درصد تفاوت­ها در باروری، قابلیت هچ و مرده­زایی در بین هچ­های مختلف با استفاده از آزمون انحراف از نرمالیتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. درصد باروری، تعداد کل تخم گذاشته شده و تعداد تخم بارور گذاشته شده بر مبنای قابلیت هچ، مرده­زایی جوجه و میانگین حداقل مربعات وزن جوجه، وزن بدن، بلوغ جنسی، وزن تخم و دوره تولید تخم برآورد شدند. تفاوت در هچ به شکل معنی­داری (05/0­>­P) تحت تأثیر برآوردهای باروری، تعداد کل تخم گذاشته شده بر مبنای قابلیت هچ، وزن جوجه تا وزن خانه­روی، بلوغ جنسی، تولید تخم و مرده­زایی در سن جوان­تر بود. جنسیت جوجه­ها نیز تحت تأثیر برآوردهای وزن بدن در بعد از هشت هفتگی قرار گرفت. اثر رگرسیونی معنی­دار وزن جوجه بر وزن بدن در سنین نخستین تا دوازدهمین هفته مشاهده شد (05/0­>­P). وزن جوجه رابطه معنی­داری با بلوغ جنسی و انواع برآوردهای وزن بدن و وزن تخم با ضرایب همبستگی فنوتیپی پایین تا بالا داشت. ولی با تولید تخم رابطه منفی داشته است. در بلوغ جنسی با تأخیر، وزن نیمچه­ها سبک بوده و به دنبال آن وزن و تولید تخم نیز پایین­تر بود. این خصوصیات فنومیکی را می­توان به عنوان خصوصیات این سویه نادر از جوجه­های رُد آیلند رِد (RIR) در نظر گرفت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
358 - Phenotypic Diversity of Camel Ecotypes (Camelus dromedarius) in the South Region of Kerman Province of Iran
J. Ehsaninia B. Faye N. Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh -
Open Access Article
359 - Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Zel Breed Lambs Fed Different Ratios of Forage and Concentrate
S.D. Mousavi Kashani S. Gharahveysi K. Jafarikhorshidi -
Open Access Article
360 - اثر وزن پیش از کشتار، وزن لاشه و جنسیت بر ترکیب اسیدهای چرب لاشه برههای نژاد بوتسیکو
V. Alexandridis B. Skapetas D. Kantas P. Goulas A. Eleptheriadouهدف از مطالعه، بررسی اثر وزن پیش از کشتار، وزن لاشه، سن کشتار و جنسیت بر پروفایل اسیدهای چرب برههای نژاد بوتسیکو یونان است. 20 بره (شامل 10 نر و 10 ماده) مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. برهها در سن 48 روزگی کشتار شدند. هرکدام از لاشهها به 5 بخش تقسیم شدند و یک نمونه تصادفی Moreهدف از مطالعه، بررسی اثر وزن پیش از کشتار، وزن لاشه، سن کشتار و جنسیت بر پروفایل اسیدهای چرب برههای نژاد بوتسیکو یونان است. 20 بره (شامل 10 نر و 10 ماده) مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. برهها در سن 48 روزگی کشتار شدند. هرکدام از لاشهها به 5 بخش تقسیم شدند و یک نمونه تصادفی 100 گرمی از هر کدام از این بخشها برداشت گردید (مجموعاً 180 نمونه). از هر کدام از این نمونهها یک نمونه 2 گرمی جهت استخراج چربی و تخلیص آنزیم متیل استراز اسید چرب، اخذ گردید. جهت پیشبینی رابطه سن، جنسیت و وزن با اسیدهای چرب اشباع (SFA)، اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع یگانه (MUFA) و اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع چندگانه (PUFA)، از یک آنالیز مسیر استفاده شده و همه معادلات تابعیت به طور همزمان مورد آزمون قرار گرفتند. فرض شده است که سن کشتار اثری غیرمستقیم از طریق وزن پیش از کشتار و وزن لاشه دارد. نتایج نشان میدهد که مدلی که از وزن کشتار به جای وزن لاشه استفاده میکند، بهتر میتواند ترکیب اسیدهای چرب برههای نژاد بوتسیکو را پیشبینی نماید. با در نظرّ گرفتن ارزش غذایی گوشت گوسفند برای انسان، نسبت اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع چندگانه به اسیدهای چرب اشباع نسبتاً پایین بوده ولی نسبت اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع چندگانه اُمگا 6 به اًمگا 3 برای تغذیه سالم انسان در سطح قابل قبولی بوده است. بهترین ترکیب اسیدهای چرب در دست و پا، کتف و شانه دیده شده است. میتوان اینگونه نتیجهگیری کرد که تولیدکنندگان میتوانند سن کشتار را افزایش دهند ولی در این کار بایستی جیره به نحوی تغییر داده شود که با حداقل هزینه همراه باشد تا از این طریق تولید و بهرهوری آن بهبود یافته و همزمان کیفیت گوشت برهها نیز حفظ گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
361 - Cassava Fiber Meal and Roxazyme® G2 Supplementation on the Performance and Haemato-Biochemical Profile of Broiler Chickens
M.H. Ogunsipe J.O. Agbede F.A. Igbasan O.D. Olotuntola -
Open Access Article
362 - Reproductive Performance of Friesian-Holstein Cows at Sebele Research Station in South Eastern Botswana
اُ.ر. مادیبلا و. ماهابیل -
Open Access Article
363 - عملکرد و بررسی اقتصادی استفاده از روغن سویا، نخل و ماهی در جیره غذایی جوجههای گوشتی
G.B. Das M.E. Hossain M.A. Akbar600 جوجه گوشتی تعیین جنسیت نشده یک روزه در یک آزمایش 35 روزه برای مقایسه اثرات روغن سویا، روغن نخل و روغن ماهی بر عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی شامل مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی استفاده شد. جوجهها به طور تصادفی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار گروه با سه تکرار در More600 جوجه گوشتی تعیین جنسیت نشده یک روزه در یک آزمایش 35 روزه برای مقایسه اثرات روغن سویا، روغن نخل و روغن ماهی بر عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی شامل مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی استفاده شد. جوجهها به طور تصادفی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار گروه با سه تکرار در هر تیمار توزیع شدند. در هر تیمار 150 و در هر تکرار 50 پرنده قرار داده شدند. چهار جیره غذایی با استفاده از مواد خوراکی در دسترس فرموله شد که شامل جیره غذایی بدون روغن، جیره غذایی حاوی 3/0 درصد روغن سویا، 3/0 درصد روغن نخل و 3/0 درصد روغن ماهی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که افزودن انواع مختلف روغن بر مصرف خوراک جوجههای گوشتی تا هفته 2 تأثیر نمیگذارد (05/0P>) اما در 3، 4 و 5 هفته افزایش مییابد (05/0P<). افزایش وزن زنده جوجه در میان گروهها تا سن 3 هفته متفاوت نبود (05/0P>) البته در هفته 4 تفاوت داشت. بالاترین افزایش وزن زنده در هفته 4 در 3/0 درصد روغن ماهی گروه مشاهده شد. گروه روغن نخل حداقل تبدیل غذایی را نشان داد که فقط از گروه روغن ماهی متفاوت بود. هزینه خوراک در جوجههای گوشتی که روغن ماهی دریافت نمودند بیشتر از گروه بدون روغن، روغن نخل و روغن سویا بود. کل هزینه برای جوجههای گوشتی نیز در میان گروههای متفاوت بود (01/0P<). سود خالص بیان شده به دلار به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن زنده جوجه بین تیمارها متفاوت نبود (05/0P>). حداکثر سود خالص از پرندگان تغذیه شده با جیره غذایی حاوی روغن نخل و حداقل از جوجههای گوشتی تغذیه شده با جیره غذایی حاوی روغن سویا بدست آمد. نتیجهگیری میشود که افزودن روغن ماهی در سطح 3/0 درصد سبب افزایش کمی در وزن زنده و خوراک تبدیل بیش از گروهی که از همان سطح از روغن سویا و نخل دریافت نمودند، میشود. با این حال، سود خالص و همچنین قیمت هر کیلوگرم گوشت مرغ زنده در مکمل روغن نخل نسبتاً بالاتر از روغن سویا و روغن ماهی بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
364 - ارزیابی مدلهای توصیف رشد مقطعی در جوجههای بومی غنا
R. Osei-Amponsah B.B. Kayang A. Naazie I.M. Barchia P.F. Arthurمدلهای منحنی رشد لجستیک، گمپرتز، ریچاردز و لجستیک نامتقارن به دادههای وزن بدن جوجه بومی غنا و جوجههای فرانسه SASSO T44 برازش داده شد. هر چهار مدل رشد به خوبی برای هر جنس در داده رشد ژنوتیپ فیت شدند. R2 در دامنه 7/86 درصد به 7/96 درصد قرار داشت. مقدار پارامتر ثاب Moreمدلهای منحنی رشد لجستیک، گمپرتز، ریچاردز و لجستیک نامتقارن به دادههای وزن بدن جوجه بومی غنا و جوجههای فرانسه SASSO T44 برازش داده شد. هر چهار مدل رشد به خوبی برای هر جنس در داده رشد ژنوتیپ فیت شدند. R2 در دامنه 7/86 درصد به 7/96 درصد قرار داشت. مقدار پارامتر ثابت K، بین 137/0 و 271/0 و به طور معنیداری متفاوت از صفر برای همه ژنوتیپها در گروه جنس بودند. وزن بالغ پیشبینی شده از هر چهار مدل در بازه 2840 گرم تا 3020 گرم برای SASSO T44 ماده، 3225 گرم تا 3448 گرم برای SASSO T44 نر، 1170 گرم تا 1332 گرم برای جوجههای ماده غنا و 1607 گرم تا 1777 گرم برای جوجههای نر غنا بود. برای توابع لجستیکی ریچاردز و نامتقارن، پارامتر شکل (N) تحت تأثیر نقطه عطف در بازه زمانی از 126/0- به 713/0، نشان میدهد که به شکل هر یک از ژنوتیپهای تابع سیگموئید جنس نامتقارن منفی است. بین دو مدل سادهتر، با نقطه عطف ثابت، تابع لجستیک توسط سن جوانتر در شروع فاز شتاب رشد سن در نقطه عطف، سن مسنتر در پایان مرحله کاهش سرعت رشد توصیف کرد، و وزن بدن بالغ کمتر وزن نسبت به عملکرد گومپرتز بود. بر اساس معیار اطلاعات بیزین (BIC)، تابع گامپرتز به تابع لجستیک ترجیح داده شد. مقدار R2 ، عدد معیار اطلاعات بیزین و وزن بدن پیشبینی برای تابع لجستیک نامتقارن مشابه تابع ریچاردز بود. این مدل پیچیده با نقطه عطف مناسب و فیت بهتری را نسبت به مدل گومپرتز فراهم میکند. لذا به نظر میرسد که در آن ساختار دادهها و امکان محاسباتی مناسب، مدلهای با نقطه عطف انعطاف پذیر مانند تابع ریچاردز را میتوان برای ارائه دقیق تخمین پارامتر برای خصوصیات رشد جوجه بومی مورد استفاده قرار داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
365 - Effects of hydro- and bio-priming on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) seedlings under drought stress
Saba Dashab Heshmat Omidi -
Open Access Article
366 - Search Based Weighted Multi-Bit Flipping Algorithm for High-Performance Low-Complexity Decoding of LDPC Codes
Ehsan Olyaei Torshizi Mohammad Amir Nazari Siahsar Ali Akbar Khazaei Hossein Sharifi -
Open Access Article
367 - Network Resource Management for Improving Users Quality of experience in Software Defined Network by Weighted Fuzzy Petri-NetMethod
Bahman Botshekan -
Open Access Article
368 - Active Cache Placement Method for Load Balancing in Named Data Networking
Babak Nikmard Naser Movahhedinia Mohammad Reza Khayyambashi -
Open Access Article
369 - Effects of releasing weight on growth, survival and hematological indices in silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Valenciennes, 1844)
رضا Salighehzadeh Khdijeh Khoshnoodifar Mohammad Reza Imanpour Nima ShiryIn the present study, the effects of releasing weight on reared silver carp's growth and survival, as well as, its hematological indices were assessed. For this purpose, first eight 3-hectares ponds were divided into four treatments based on fishes' releasing weight equ MoreIn the present study, the effects of releasing weight on reared silver carp's growth and survival, as well as, its hematological indices were assessed. For this purpose, first eight 3-hectares ponds were divided into four treatments based on fishes' releasing weight equal to 2, 3, 4 and 5 g, then sampling from these animals was periodically done and the hematological indices were measured. At the end of the trial, the average weight of fishes (g) and total production of each pool (kg) was calculated. The results of the measurement of blood parameters indicated that the hematocrit percent was significantly increased following the releasing weight enhancement (P<0.05), but any statistical relationship was seen between the stocking weight and other blood indices (P>0.05). Furthermore, the growth and survival findings signified, whereas after releasing the weight of fishes, their final weight and growth rate were enhanced, the special growth rate was reduced statistically (P<0.05). Hence, based on present results, it will be achieved proper growth whenever silver carps are stocked 12000 individuals with 5 g weight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
370 - Analysis of the Effects of Land Use on Housing Prices (Case Study: Tehran Municipality 7th District)
Ebrahim Farhadi Keramatollah Ziari Ahmad PourahmadHousing is considered to be the most basic and most sensitive part in the planning of economic and social development. Housing is the smallest and smallest form of physical embodiment of human-environment interaction, and spatial crystallization is the vital function of MoreHousing is considered to be the most basic and most sensitive part in the planning of economic and social development. Housing is the smallest and smallest form of physical embodiment of human-environment interaction, and spatial crystallization is the vital function of human habitation in its core roles. The present study is an applied target type. Regarding the nature, the main approach to the present paper is descriptive-analytical and according to the research subject, field of study and the nature of the subject, quantitative methods and techniques (geographic weights regression model) have been used. Several factors affect the price of housing, one of which is the type of land use that plays a key role in determining housing prices. In area 7 of Tehran, due to the combination of user and specific features that govern the use of this area, we have been studying the effects of each usage on the price of housing, so that by identifying the effects of each type of usage on the price of housing, planning in the region level can be made. For housing and housing economy. Given that the topic of housing economics is an inclusive and interdisciplinary topic (politics, economics, management, geography, etc.), this article further discusses the impact of geographic factors (types of uses) on housing prices, which ultimately revealed that access Urban transportation, terminals and warehousing with R2 87 /, Utilization of urban services with R2 87 /, Green utilization and parks with R2 / 80, Commercial and office applications with... Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
371 - Spatial Analysis of Urban Sprawl and its Effects on Equity of Access to Hospitals in Tehran Megacity
Tahereh Ghaemi Rad Abbass AlimohammadiIncreasing trend of urbanization particularly in developing countries has led to urban sprawl. Urban sprawl in Tehran has led to several challenges in achieving sustainable development. A spatial analysis on urban sprawl in traffic area zones (TAZ) of Tehran has been in MoreIncreasing trend of urbanization particularly in developing countries has led to urban sprawl. Urban sprawl in Tehran has led to several challenges in achieving sustainable development. A spatial analysis on urban sprawl in traffic area zones (TAZ) of Tehran has been investigated for the past two decades (2001-2020) using the Weighted Urban Proliferation (WUP) method. Then, the minimum access distance between each pair of TAZ-hospital has been calculated using Network Analysis and the relation between sprawl determinants and accessibility has been investigated. Finally, the Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients have been calculated. Results show that the sprawl level has decreased significantly in Tehran over the past two decades. Consequently, because of the direct relationship between dispersion and access distance, the maximum distance to the nearest hospitals has been reduced about 3 kilometers. However, the calculated Gini coefficients show a 10% growth over the study period; in a way that, in 2001, 90% of hospital opportunities were distributed among 29% of population, while in 2020 the same share of opportunities are distributed among only 7% of population. Results indicate that urban sprawl reduction can only increase accessibility standards and promoting equity of accessibility requires proper attention and management of socio-economic variables along with urban sprawl. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
372 - The Effect of Physical-Spatial Developments of Rural Settlements Around Mashhad Metropolis on Villagers Life Quality
Mahdi Javanshiri Aliakbar Anabestani Hamdollah Sojasi GheidariThe present study has been done for this purpose in rural settlements of Mashhad urban complex. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and fundamental in terms of purpose. Documentary and field methods have been used to collect information. The s MoreThe present study has been done for this purpose in rural settlements of Mashhad urban complex. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and fundamental in terms of purpose. Documentary and field methods have been used to collect information. The sample population is 28 villages of over 20 households in urban collection Mashhad which were selected from different classes of population and different distances with Mashhad city. From 20083 households in sample rural areas, using the Cochran formula, a sample size of 377 households were selected by random sampling method. Partial least squares technique and Smart PLS software were used to test the conceptual model of research and investigate the impact of physical-spatial transformations on quality of life. According to the results, the coefficients of t among the main variables of the study were above 2.58 which means that there is a direct and meaningful relationship. The R2 value represents 96.4% of the quality of life explained by physical-spatial changes and spatial changes with a coefficient of 0.97 had a greater impact on the quality of life of the villagers. The results of spatial analysis using GWR model showed that the coefficient of impact of physical-spatial changes on quality of rural life in eastern villages such as Sharshar, Salarabad, Hossein Abad gazband, Shourak Sabouri reaches its maximum. Overall, 30.84% of the villages and 34.74% of the rural population in the study area are in the range of 0.928 to 0.943, that eleven villages are located in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
373 - urban land use allocation modeling based on Land suitability analysis
parvaneh jalerajabi Zahra Saeede ZarAbadi reza ahmadianUrban land use and its location has always been an interesting topic for urban planners. As experts have tried to focus on the context and surroundings proximity, neighborhood, compatibility and incompatibilities, utility and other factors. By the expansion of geographi MoreUrban land use and its location has always been an interesting topic for urban planners. As experts have tried to focus on the context and surroundings proximity, neighborhood, compatibility and incompatibilities, utility and other factors. By the expansion of geographical information systems, it is possible to focus on these factors and their impact on the planning process for land use allocation. At the same time, many scientific efforts have been made to integrate these systems and multi-criteria decision-making methods in order to enhance their ability to support decision making. Methods used in this field have also been widely used in various studies; one of the most important applications of these methods in urban planning is to determine the suitability of each parcel for allocating urban land uses. In this article which is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive analytical in terms of method, the land-use suitability analysis as a scientific technique along with linear combination, and Delphi methods, have been used. Findings, which have been obtained from overlaying analytical maps (land prices, access to communication axes, number of blocks of land and air pollution's maps), indicate that what type of land use is more suitable for each parcel. The results of this paper are presented in the form of land use allocation scenarios. Comparison of the results of modeling with current situation shows that out of 2,166 parcels in the study area, 521 have no suitable uses and need change. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
374 - افزایش کیفیت جوانه زنی و رشد نهال در بذرهای Antirrhinum, Dahlia, Impatiens, Salvia و Zinnia
ایرن اوزدن Sıtkı Ermiş ابراهیم دمیراین مطالعه برای بررسی اثر هیدروپرایمینگ روی جوانه­زنی بذر و رشد دانهال 5 گونه گل بذری (میمون، کوکب، حنا، مریم گلی و آهار) انجام شد. هیدروپرایمینگ (20 درجه سانتی­گراد به مدت 24 ساعت)، خشک کردن سطحی یا خشک کردن در حد رطوبت اولیه، باعث افزایش درصد جوانه­زنی، ظه Moreاین مطالعه برای بررسی اثر هیدروپرایمینگ روی جوانه­زنی بذر و رشد دانهال 5 گونه گل بذری (میمون، کوکب، حنا، مریم گلی و آهار) انجام شد. هیدروپرایمینگ (20 درجه سانتی­گراد به مدت 24 ساعت)، خشک کردن سطحی یا خشک کردن در حد رطوبت اولیه، باعث افزایش درصد جوانه­زنی، ظهور گیاهچه و وزن تر و خشک شد. در تمام گونه­ها، حداکثر جوانه­زنی و ظهور گیاهچه در خشک کردن سطحی حاصل شد. حداکثر سودمندی در گل­های میمون و کوکب به چشم خورد. در این دو گونه، خشک کردن سطحی بذرها باعث به­ترتیب 18 و 17 درصد جوانه­زنی بیشتر و 20 و 13 درصد ظهور گیاهچه بیشتر در مقایسه با شاهد شد. در همه­ی گونه­ها، اگرچه این تیمارها اثر مثبت داشت؛ اما اثر آن کمتر بود. به­طورکلی می­توان نتیجه گرفت که هیدروپرایمینگ می­تواند کیفیت دانهال را در گل­های بذری بالا ببرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
375 - اثر پاکلوبوترازول بر برخی ویژگی های مورفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک گل اطلسی تحت تنش خشکی
نیوشا حاتمی فر رامین بابادائی سامانیاین آزمایش به­ منظور بررسی تاثیر پاکلوبوترازول به عنوان یک آنتیجیبرلین بر برخی ویژگی­ های مورفوفیزیولوژیک گل اطلسی و تعیین مناسبترین غلظت پاکلوبوترازول برای ایجاد مقاومت به تنش خشکی در این گیاه انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه ت Moreاین آزمایش به­ منظور بررسی تاثیر پاکلوبوترازول به عنوان یک آنتیجیبرلین بر برخی ویژگی­ های مورفوفیزیولوژیک گل اطلسی و تعیین مناسبترین غلظت پاکلوبوترازول برای ایجاد مقاومت به تنش خشکی در این گیاه انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه اجرا شد. پاکلوبوترازول در 4 سطح (شامل غلظتهای صفر، 25، 50 و 75 میلیگرم در لیتر) و تنش خشکی در سه سطح (آبیاری هنگام رسیدن رطوبت خاک به 90 درصد ، 75 درصد و 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) فاکتورهای مورد بررسی در این آزمایش بودند. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از پاکلوبوترازول باعث افزایش تعداد گل، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و تعداد شاخه فرعی شده است و استفاده از این ماده باعث کاهش ارتفاع بوته، وزن خشک ریشه و مقدار کاروتنوئید گردید. در حالی­ که پاکلوبوترازول اثر معنیداری بر میزان نشت یونی، تعداد شاخه اصلی و مساحت برگ نداشت. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی باعث افزایش تعداد گل در بوته گردید و کاهش محتوای کلروفیل، کاروتنوئید، قطر گل، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه گیاه و سطح برگ اطلسی را در پی داشت. غلظت 75 میلیگرم در لیتر پاکلوبوترازول بیشترین تاثیر را در کنترل ارتفاع اندام رویشی گیاه اطلسی تحت تنش خشکی از خود نشان داد. از طرفی با افزایش غلظت پاکلوبوترازول تحت تنش 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی روند افزایشی در میزان کاروتنوئید و کلروفیل کل دیده شد . به طور کلی میتوان استنباط کرد که پاکلوبوترازول توانسته است مانع کاهش مقدار کلروفیل و کاروتنوئید تحت شرایط تنش شدید خشکی شود و استفاده از آن تا حدی در غلبه بر عوارض جانبی ناشی از تنش خشکی موثر است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
376 - تاثیر جدایههای قارچ تریکودرما بر تغییرات مرفوفیزیولوژیک گیاه گل مریم (Polianthes tuberose) تحت تنش خشکی
حمید رضا ذکاوتی محمود شور حمید روحانی سید فاضل فاضلی کاخکی ابراهیم گنجی مقدمبه­منظور ارزیابی اثر جدایههای مختلف قارچ تریکودرما بر کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی در گیاه زینتی گل مریم، دو آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار، اجرا گردید. در آزمایش اول و دوم، فاکتور اول جدایه Bi وجدایه 65 قارچ تریکودرما هاریزیانوم هر کدام در Moreبه­منظور ارزیابی اثر جدایههای مختلف قارچ تریکودرما بر کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی در گیاه زینتی گل مریم، دو آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار، اجرا گردید. در آزمایش اول و دوم، فاکتور اول جدایه Bi وجدایه 65 قارچ تریکودرما هاریزیانوم هر کدام در سه سطح (0، 10، 20 درصد حجمی گلدان) و فاکتور دوم در هر دو آزمایش، سه سطح تنش خشکی (25، 50 ،100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) بود. نتایج نشان داد هر دو جدایه در شرایط تنش، باعث افزایش وزن تر و خشک زیستتوده و وزن خشک ریشه گل مریم در شرایط تنش شدند. وزن تر زیستتوده به مقدار 4 گرم در حالت تنش 25 درصد توسط جدایه Biو 14 گرم توسط جدایه 65 افزایش یافت که بیانگر افزایش رشد این گیاه در حضور قارچ تریکودرما میباشد. مقدار پرولین در جدایه 65 در سطح 20 درصد حجمی نسبت به سایر مقادیر همین قارچ در تنش 50 و 25 درصد افزایش یافت. میزان رطوبت نسبی و سطح سبز برگ با اعمال سطوح مختلف دو قارچ با افزایش سطح تنش افزایش یافت. به طور کلی به نظر میرسد که جدایه های Bi و 65 قارچ تریکودرما هارزیانوم تاثیرات متفاوتی در شرایط تنش خشکی دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
377 - بررسی صفات مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه همیشه بهار تحت تأثیر کودهای بیولوژیکی فسفر و روی
فرزاد جلالی داود نادریکاربرد کودهای بیولوژیک یکی از مهمترین اجزای مدیریت مواد مغذی است که نقش اساسی در کشاورزی پایدار و بهبود ویژگی­های کیفی گیاهان دارد. در این تحقیق، اثرات تیمارهای مختلفی از باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات از قبیل Pantoea agglomerans P5 و Pseudomonas putida P1 Moreکاربرد کودهای بیولوژیک یکی از مهمترین اجزای مدیریت مواد مغذی است که نقش اساسی در کشاورزی پایدار و بهبود ویژگی­های کیفی گیاهان دارد. در این تحقیق، اثرات تیمارهای مختلفی از باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات از قبیل Pantoea agglomerans P5 و Pseudomonas putida P13 (تلقیح بذر، استفاده از کود زیستی 2، 4 و 6 هفته پس از سبز شدن گیاه و عدم تلقیح بذر به عنوان تیمار شاهد) و محلول­پاشی برگی ZnSO4 (شاهد، 1، 2، و 3 گرم بر لیتر) بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه همیشه بهار ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه و وزن تر گل در گیاهان تحت تیمار تلقیح بذر با کود بیولوژیک فسفر × 2 گرم بر لیتر سولفات روی و همچنین در گیاهان تحت تیمار با کود زیستی در 2 هفته پس از سبز شدن × 1 و 2 گرم بر لیتر از ZnSO4 مشاهده شد. همچنین بیشترین وزن خشک گل و درصد آنتوسیانین تحت تیمار کاربرد کود زیستی در 2 و 4 هفته بعد از سبز شدن گیاه × 1 و 2 گرم بر لیتر از ZnSO4 بدست آمد. بیشترین مقدار فسفر در تیمار کود زیستی 4 و 6 هفته پس از سبز شدن × 2 و 1 گرم بر لیتر ZnSO4 مشاهده شد. علاوه بر این، بیشترین مقدار عنصر روی تحت شرایط کاربرد کود زیستی در 6 هفته پس از سبز شدن گیاه × محلول­پاشی 3 گرم بر لیتر ZnSO4به­دست آمد. در مقابل، کمترین مقادیر در اکثر پارامترها تحت کاربرد سطوح مختلف کاربرد زیستی × عدم محلول­پاشی ZnSO4 و محلول­­پاشی 3 گرم بر لیتر ZnSO4 مشاهده شد. بنابراین محلول­پاشی برگی ZnSO4 و کاربرد خاکی کودهای حل کننده فسفات می­تواند بر صفات بیوشیمیایی و مورفولوژیک گیاه همیشه بهار موثر باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
378 - ارزیابی محیطهای مختلف رشد و کود ازته بر برخی صفات موفولوژیکی اسپاتیفیلوم
سید فاضل فاضلی کاخکی علیرضا شریفیان ناصر بیک زادهبه منظورمطالعه بسترهای مختلف کشت و کود ازته با منشا اوره بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی گیاه زینتی اسپاتی فیلوم، آزمایشی به­صورت طرح کرتهای خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار و در شرایط گلخانه در سال 1397 اجرا شد. پلات اصلی شامل محیط کشتهای خاک برگ Moreبه منظورمطالعه بسترهای مختلف کشت و کود ازته با منشا اوره بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی گیاه زینتی اسپاتی فیلوم، آزمایشی به­صورت طرح کرتهای خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار و در شرایط گلخانه در سال 1397 اجرا شد. پلات اصلی شامل محیط کشتهای خاک برگ، ورمیکمپوست و یک محیط رشد مخلوط (مرکب از 20 درصد پیت موس، 50 درصد کوکوپیت و 30 درصد پرلیت) بود و پلات فرعی نیز مقادیر مختلف کود اوره (شامل 0، 1، 2، 3 و 4 گرم در لیتر) بود. نتایج نشان داد که محیط رشد مخلوط به علاوه دو گرم در لیتر کود اوره، اثر مثبت معنیداری بر تمام صفات دارد. با توجه به نتایج اثرات برهمکنش، بیشترین وزن تر ساقه (5/26 گرم در هر بوته)، وزن خشک ساقه (75/3 گرم در هر بوته)، وزن تر ریشه (5/35 گرم در هر بوته)، وزن خشک ریشه (87/4 گرم در هر بوته)، طول دمبرگ (1/55 سانتیمتر) و تعداد برگ (1/12) از محیط رشد مخلوط به علاوه دو گرم در لیتر کود اوره حاصل شد در حالی که مقدار این صفات در تمام محیطهای رشد بدون کود اوره، حداقل بود. افزایش کود اوره از صفر به دو گرم در لیتر، باعث افزایش وزن خشک ساقه و طول دمبرگ شد در حالی که استفاده از سه و چهار گرم در لیتر کود اوره، مقدار این صفات را کاهش داد. محیطهای رشد با هدایت الکتریکی دو دسی زیمنس در متر، تخلخل بالا و ظرفیت نگهداری بالای آب میتواند اثرات قابل ملاحظهای بر بهبود صفات موفولوژیکی گیاه اسپاتیفیلوم داشته باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
379 - پاسخ مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی شمشاد (Euonymus japonicas) به تیمار پاکلوبوترازول تحت تنش شوری
حمیمه زورمان مهناز کریمیپاکلوبوترازول یکی از مهمترین ترکیبات تریازولی می­باشد. این ماده تحمل گیاه را در برابر تنش­های محیطی افزایش میدهد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر پاکلوبوترازول بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی شمشاد (Euonymus japonicas) تحت تنش شوری انجام گرفت. گیاهان ابتدا با پا Moreپاکلوبوترازول یکی از مهمترین ترکیبات تریازولی می­باشد. این ماده تحمل گیاه را در برابر تنش­های محیطی افزایش میدهد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر پاکلوبوترازول بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی شمشاد (Euonymus japonicas) تحت تنش شوری انجام گرفت. گیاهان ابتدا با پاکلوبوترازول (0، 500 و 1000 میلی­گرم در لیتر) تیمار شدند و سپس تحت تنش شوری (0 ، 50 ، 100 ، 150 میلی­مولار) قرار گرفتند. خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی، نشت الکترولیت، محتوای کلروفیل و فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدانی با تیمار پاکلوبوترازول و تحت تنش نمک تغییر یافت. در مقایسه با گیاهان شاهد، در 1000 و 500 میلی­گرم پاکلوبوترازول، به­ترتیب کاهش ارتفاع 8/22 و 44/10 درصد مشاهده شد. بیشترین تعداد شاخساره جانبی در 1000 میلی­گرم در لیتر پاکلوبوترازول بدون تنش شوری ثبت شد. اثر متقابل شوری و پاکلوبوترازول بر وزن تر اندام هوایی معنی­دار بود. در غلظت 150 میلی مولار نمک + 1000 میلی­گرم در لیتر پاکلوبوترازول ، وزن تر اندام هوایی 30٪ در مقایسه با 150 میلی­مولار نمک (بدون تیمار پاکلوبوترازول) افزایش نشان داد. در گیاهان تیمار شده با پاکلوبوترازول فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز نسبت به گیاهان بدون تیمار با پاکلوبوترازول بیشتر بود. در مقایسه با 150 میلی­مولار کلرید سدیم (بدون تیمار پاکلوبوترازول)، هدایت الکتریکی 4/24 درصد، در 1000 میلی­گرم در لیتر پاکلوبوترازول + 150 میلی­مولار کلرید سدیم کاهش یافت. با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه می­توان بیان کرد که تیمار پاکلوبوترازول می­تواند تنش شوری (150 میلی مولار) را در گیاهان شمشاد کاهش دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
380 - اثر محلولپاشی اسید آسکوربیک بر ویژگیهای اکوفیزیولوژیکی پریوش (Catharanthus roseus) تحت تنش کمبود آب
علی حسینیآب یکی از مهمترین عوامل محیطی تنظیم کننده رشد و نمو گیاهان است و کمبود آب مهمترین عامل محدودکننده تولیدات گیاهی بهشمار میرود، به­ طوری که از چندین ماده شیمیایی برای کاهش اثرات مضر کمبود آب استفاده شده است. یکی از این ترکیبات اسید آسکوربیک است و دارای اثرات Moreآب یکی از مهمترین عوامل محیطی تنظیم کننده رشد و نمو گیاهان است و کمبود آب مهمترین عامل محدودکننده تولیدات گیاهی بهشمار میرود، به­ طوری که از چندین ماده شیمیایی برای کاهش اثرات مضر کمبود آب استفاده شده است. یکی از این ترکیبات اسید آسکوربیک است و دارای اثرات آنتی­ اکسیدانی در گیاهان میباشد. به­ همین منظور یک آزمایش گلدانی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملاَ تصادفی با سه تکرار جهت بررسی اثر کمبود آب بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک پریوش تحت محلولپاشی اسید آسکوربیک، در سال 1399 انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل: تنش کمبود آب در چهار سطح (1: بدون تنش آبیاری در100 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه؛ 2: تنش ملایم آبیاری در 75 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه؛ 3: تنش متوسط آبیاری در 50 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه و 4: تنش شدید آبیاری در 25 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه) و محلولپاشی اسید آسکوربیک در چهار سطح (صفر، ۲۵، ۵۰، 100 میلیمولار) بودند. نتایج بهدست آمده نشان داد که غلظت کلروفیل a و کاروتنوئید، قند محلول برگ، مقدار پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز با افزایش شدت کمبود آب افزایش یافت ولی صفات وزن خشک ریشه و بیومس کل کاهش یافتند. کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک منجر به بهبود صفات اندازهگیری شد و سطوح کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک نسبت به عدم کاربرد آن برتری معنیدار داشت و سطح 50 میلیمولار نسبت به سایر سطوح، تاثیر بیشتری، در اغلب صفات، داشت. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده، کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک برای بهبود رشد گیاهانی مانند پریوش تحت تنش خشکی قابل توصیه میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
381 - کاربرد سیلیکات پتاسیم در تخفیف تنش شوری در گیاه زینتی جعفری
ابوالفضل باباپور چالکی محمود شور سید فاضل فاضلی کاخکی بهرام عابدیبه منظور ارزیابی اثر مواد تخفیف دهنده اثرات نامطلوب تنش شوری بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه جعفری زینتی (Tagetes erecta L.Nana) آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در تابستان 1397 در مرکز تحقیقات جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان مش Moreبه منظور ارزیابی اثر مواد تخفیف دهنده اثرات نامطلوب تنش شوری بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه جعفری زینتی (Tagetes erecta L.Nana) آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در تابستان 1397 در مرکز تحقیقات جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان مشهد انجام شد. فاکتور اول سطح شوری در چهار سطح ( 0، 4، 8 ، 12 دسی زیمنس بر متر) و فاکتور دوم سیلیکات پتاسیم در سه سطح ( 0 ،100 ، 150 میلی گرم در لیتر) بود. نتایج نشان داد شوری و سیلیکات پتاسیم تاثیر معنی داری بر صفات مورفولوژیکی، بیوشیمیایی داشت. بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه در سطح شوری صفر با 100ppm سیلیکات پتاسیم حاصل شد. بیشترین مقدار وزن خشک گیاه اندامهای هوایی در شوری 8 دسی زیمنس بر متر با 150 ppm سیلیکات پتاسیم حاصل شد. بیشترین میزان پتاسیم برگ در شوری 12 دسی زیمنس بر متر و با کاربرد 100 ppm سلیکات پتاسیم و بیشترین مقدار پتاسیم ریشه در تیمار شوری 4 دسی زیمنس بر متر با 100 ppm حاصل شد. نتایج نشان دادکه در گیاه گل جعفری در شوری های بالا (بیشتر از 8 دسی زیمنس بر متر ) ترکیب سیلیکات پتاسیم نتوانست تاثیر مطلوبی بر رشد گیاه داشته باشد. استفاده از سیلیکات پتاسیم در شوری 12 دسی زیمنس بر متر توانست غلظت سدیم را در بافتهای برگ کاهش و مقدار پتاسیم را افزایش داد هرچند مقدار افزایش پتاسیم در شوری های پایین بیشتر بود. به طور کلی استفاده از سیلیکات پتاسیم میتواند به عنوان یک ماده مکمل در تغذیه گیاهی در شوریهای پایین مورد توجه قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
382 - تأثیر نفتالین استیک اسید بر ریشه زایی پیاز گیاه سیکاس رولوتا
مهدی عسگری گورجاین تحقیق با هدف بررسی اثر نفتالین استیک اسید (NAA) (15، 10، 0 و 25 میلیگرم در لیتر) بر ریشهزایی پیاز گیاه سیکاس رولوتا (Cycas revolute) در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر NAA روی طول ریشه، وزن تر و خشک برگ و کلروفیل معنیدا Moreاین تحقیق با هدف بررسی اثر نفتالین استیک اسید (NAA) (15، 10، 0 و 25 میلیگرم در لیتر) بر ریشهزایی پیاز گیاه سیکاس رولوتا (Cycas revolute) در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر NAA روی طول ریشه، وزن تر و خشک برگ و کلروفیل معنیدار بود اما تاثیر معناداری بر تعداد ریشه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه نداشت. تیمارهای 25 و 20 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA بهترتیب با 9/43 و 9/63 سانتیمتر بیشترین طول ریشه را داشتند. بیشترین تعداد ریشه بهترتیب با 3/57 و 3/23 ریشه متعلق به تیمارهای 25 و 20 NAA بود. تیمار 25 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA بیشترین میانگین وزن تر (9/4 گرم) و وزن خشک ریشه (2/5 گرم) را داشت. تیمارهای 20 و 25 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA بهترتیب با 6/04 و 6/54 گرم بیشترین وزن تر برگ، 25 و 20 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA بهترتیب با 4/07 و 3/11 گرم بیشترین وزن خشک برگ و تیمارهای 20 و 25 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA بهترتیب با 6/28 و 6/22 میلیگرم در هر گرم وزن تر بیشترین میزان کلروفیل را داشتند. بین وزن خشک برگ با میزان کلروفیل (0/78+) در سطح یک درصد رابطه معنیداری وجود داشت اما میان وزن خشک ریشه با میانگین طول ریشه (0/29+) رابطه معنیداری وجود نداشت. بین میزان کلروفیل با میانگین طول ریشه (0/13+) هیچ رابطه معنیداری وجود ندارد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که همیشه با افزایش غلظت هورمون، بیان ژن افزایش نیافته و این امکان وجود دارد که افزایش غلظت هورمون، حتی باعث اثر عکس بر روی گیاه و آسیب رسیدن به آن شود. بهطور کلی نتایج نشان داد مصرف 20 میلیگرم در لیتر NAA با تاثیر بر صفات مورد بررسی بیشترین بیان ژن را در گیاه سیکاس داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
383 - Study on Various Level of Salinity on Some Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Rosa Hybrid
, S MobasheriCrisis due to global warming and its associated damaging consequences, including salinity, it is essential to develop plant resistance to salinity level. In this study, an experiment was conducted using different levels of salinity (0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2% sodium chlor MoreCrisis due to global warming and its associated damaging consequences, including salinity, it is essential to develop plant resistance to salinity level. In this study, an experiment was conducted using different levels of salinity (0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2% sodium chloride) had on Rosa hybrida, as the most important cut flowers in the world. Results showed that by increasing of salinity, sodium increased in the tissues and root dry/fresh weight declined. Salinity stress influenced significantly shoot growth and declined it. It seems this cultivar is resistant to salinity. However, further studies must be done to clarify the amount of resistance this cultivar against salinity in comparison to other cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
384 - Watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.) Minimally Processed: Effect of Storage Temperature and Different Films of Packaging
A.P. Leon D. Frezza V.R. Logegaray C. Mastrototaro A. ChiesaWatercress is a leafy vegetable of the family Brassicaceae that grows in and around water, it has a short shelf life (approximately seven days) and it is consumed raw or steamed. The objective of this work was to study the effect of packaging film and different storage MoreWatercress is a leafy vegetable of the family Brassicaceae that grows in and around water, it has a short shelf life (approximately seven days) and it is consumed raw or steamed. The objective of this work was to study the effect of packaging film and different storage temperature on the postharvest quality of watercress minimally processed. Treatments were: packed with plain film (PD961EZ, 31mm thickness), non perforated and perforated (perforated area percentage 0.3%, hole diameter 1.1mm) and stored in refrigerated chambers at 1 ± 0.5 oC and 8 ± 2 oC (optimal storage temperature vs market temperature) for 10 days. Overall visual quality, gas concentration inside the packages, color Hunter lab parameters and weight loss were evaluated. Overall visual quality, gas concentration and weight loss were significantly affected by treatment, storage time and temperature. Color parameters did not show a clear tendency. In conclusion, non perforated PDZ 961 film was suitable for preserving watercress quality at the tested storage temperatures and in both temperatures, the overall visual quality was maintained above the limit values of commercial acceptability. The perforated film was no suitable for the packaging of watercress at any of the tested temperatures, mainly due to significant weight loss that reduce the overall visual quality of the product less than limit of acceptability by the consumers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
385 - Performance evaluation and economics of production of rabbits fed graded levels of glyricidia leaf protein concentrate as replacement for groundnut cake protein
M.H, Ogunsipe A.S, Akinbani I, Ibidapo -
Open Access Article
386 - Evaluation of the effect of plant distance on yield of four watermelon cultivars (Citrullus vulgaris) in Jiroft environmental conditions
Ebrahim Mamonoei Seid Mohammad Alavi Siney Morteza Eshraghi-NejadIn order to determine the most appropriate planting distance and cultivar and also to find the most effective traits in watermelon yield at different planting densities, this study was conducted as split plots in three replications for two cropping years 2016-2017 in Ji MoreIn order to determine the most appropriate planting distance and cultivar and also to find the most effective traits in watermelon yield at different planting densities, this study was conducted as split plots in three replications for two cropping years 2016-2017 in Jiroft. Plant spacing (40, 50, 60 and 70 cm) and four watermelon cultivars (Patangra, Favorite, CrimsonPS and CrimsonG-53 were divided into main and sub-plots, respectively. There was a significant effect on the studied traits except the thickness of the fruit skin, so that the number of fruits and yield decreased significantly with increasing plant distance on the planting line; The highest values of these traits were 0.99 and 23.82 tons.hectare-1 at a distance of 40 cm, respectively. But the quality and appearance of the fruit at a distance of 70 cm had its highest value. Increasing the culture distance from 40 to 70 cm increased the amount of soluble solids by 12%. The studied cultivars were significantly different in all traits except Brix. CrimsonPS and CrimsonG cultivars had the highest yields during the two years of testing at 22.50 and 20.76 tons per hectare, respectively. CrimsonPS cultivar was relatively superior to other cultivars in terms of most of the studied traits, and this ultimately led to the highest yield per unit area. Path analysis showed that in different cultivation densities, fruit number and single fruit weight had the greatest effect on fruit yield; These two traits were selected as the most important traits in determining fruit yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
387 - Morphophysiological Response of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) to Foliar Application of Iron Nano Chelate and Zinc Nano Chelate
Hamidreza Javanmard sadaf farahani Hossein Ali Asadi-GharnehThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of foliar application of iron and zinc nanochlate treatments including control (foliar application with distilled water), concentrations of iron and zinc nanocholate (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 g/l) on morphological characte MoreThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of foliar application of iron and zinc nanochlate treatments including control (foliar application with distilled water), concentrations of iron and zinc nanocholate (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 g/l) on morphological characteristics of coriander in 2019-2020 performed in a randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 3 replications in experimental plots. The results showed that the highest amount of chlorophyll a, total and carotenoids was obtained in the treatment of 2 g/l iron nanoclate and the highest amount of chlorophyll b was obtained in the treatments of 2 g/l iron and zinc nanoclate. The highest leaf area was obtained in the treatment of 2 g/l iron nanoclate with an amount of 3230 cm2. The highest number of umbel was obtained in the treatment of 2 g/l iron nanoclate with 25.33. The highest plant height was obtained in the treatment of 2 g/l zinc nanoclate with a rate of 102.33 cm. The highest 1000-seed weight , highest number of seeds per umbel and the highest number of sub-branches of the plant(with the amount of 11.33) was obtained in the treatments of 2 g/l zinc and iron nanoclate. In general, the results of this study confirm that foliar application of iron and zinc nanoclate treatments had an effect on the growth properties of coriander, so according to the results and considering the positive effect of the studied treatments, it can be Suggested application of iron and zinc nanoclates in coriander nutritional programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
388 - Investigation of the possibility of reducing dose of 2,4-D and tribenuron methyl herbicides in the control of hoary cress (Cardaria draba L. Desv) ecotypes
Amir Towfigi Marjan DiyanatIn order to evaluate the efficacy of 2,4-D and tribenuronemethyl herbicides on ecotypes of hoary cress (Cardaria draba L. Desv) and the possibility of reducing the recommended dose, the dose-response experiment was performed as a randomized complete block with three rep MoreIn order to evaluate the efficacy of 2,4-D and tribenuronemethyl herbicides on ecotypes of hoary cress (Cardaria draba L. Desv) and the possibility of reducing the recommended dose, the dose-response experiment was performed as a randomized complete block with three replications in Ghaem Park greenhouse, Tehran in 2020. The studied ecotypes were Salmas, Rafsanjan, Semirom, Shahrekord, Baft, Birjand, Semnan and Karaj and the two herbicides were used in four doses (25, 50, 75 and 100% of the recommended dose) in the 4 to 6 leaf stage. The results showed that 2,4-D was more effective in controlling hoary cress ecotypes than tribrenuronethyl. By applying 100% of the recommended dose of 2,4-D, the dry weight of hoary cress ecotypes decreased by 91-99%. The dose of ED50 in response to 2,4-D and tribenuronemethyl for hoary cress ecotypes ranged from 0.41 to 0.89 lit hec-1 and from 8.5 to 17.27 g hec-1, respectively. Based on the estimated ED50 dose, the most sensitive and resistant ecotypes of hoary cress to both herbicides were Semirom and Karaj, respectively. Due to the 90% reduction in dry weight of Semirom, Baft, Shahrekord and Rafsanjan in 75% of the recommended dose of 2,4-D, the dose required to control these ecotypes can be reduced and less herbicide used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
389 - Investigation of combined effect of biological and chemical fertilizers of phosphorus and nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Alireza Shokouhfar Sahar KhaniIn order to study the combined effect of biological and chemical fertilizers of phosphorus and nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sunflower, this experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three repl MoreIn order to study the combined effect of biological and chemical fertilizers of phosphorus and nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sunflower, this experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in a field in Izeh County during 2017 cropping season. The experiment treatments included phosphorous fertilizer in 4 levels (totally, triple superphosphate fertilizer as base, 70% triple superphosphate fertilizer and the remaining through fertile-2 phosphate biological fertilizer, 40% triple superphosphate fertilizer and the remaining through fertile-2 phosphate biological fertilizer, entirely through fertile-2 phosphate biological fertilizer) and nitrogen fertilizer in 3 levels (entirely through the urea fertilizer, 70% urea fertilizer and the remaining throughazotobacter, 40% urea fertilizer and the remaining through azotobacter). The results showed that the effects of biological and chemical fertilizer phosphorus and nitrogen significantly increased grain weight, seed yield and oil yield. The highest seed yield was for 70% superphosphate fertilizer treatment and the remaining for fertile-2 and 70% urea fertilizer and the rest for azotobacter respectively 3170 and 2736 kilogram in hectare and the lowest one was in the treatment of fertile-2 entirely biological fertilizer and 40% urea along with azotobacter respectively with 2173and 2506 kilogram in hectare. With regard to these results, application of 70% superphosphate fertilizer and the remaining through fertile-2 phosphorous biological fertilizer and 70% urea fertilizer and the rest throughazotobacterrelative to other treatments caused qualitative and quantitative yield increase in sunflower and is recommended in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
390 - Effect of organic and chemical fertilizers along with silicon application on morpho-physiological characteristics and yield of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.)
Hasan Yahyapoor Yousof NiknezhadThis research was conducted with aim of investigating the effects of organic and chemical fertilizers along with silicon on morpho-physiological characteristics and yield of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.), in Mazandaran,, Amol during 2022. The experiment was MoreThis research was conducted with aim of investigating the effects of organic and chemical fertilizers along with silicon on morpho-physiological characteristics and yield of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.), in Mazandaran,, Amol during 2022. The experiment was cconducted as a split-plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental treatments include the application of organic and chemical fertilizers at four levels (control, manure, vermicompost and chemical fertilizer) as the main plot and silicon at three levels (control, potassium silicate and nano-Si) were considered as sub plot. The results indicated that the most growth characteristics like plant height, number of flowers per plant and leaf area were obtained by chemical fertilizer. The highest dry weight of plant organ was achieved with use of chemical fertilizers. The highest dry weight of flowers (429.3 g.m-2) was obtained by chemical fertilizer, which was not significantly different from the use of vermicompost (417.3 g.m-2). The application of both sources of silicon led to improvement in the number of flowers per plant, leaf area, and concentration of chlorophylls compared with control, although the application of nano-Si had higher improvement effects compared with potassium silicate. The nano-Si increased the dry weight of flowers by 9.6 and 7.4% compared with non-application of silicon and potassium silicate, respectively. Therefore, according to the findings of the present study, application of vermicompost organic fertilizer is introduced as a suitable alternative to chemical fertilizers, as well as nano-Si application to improve the morpho-physiological characteristics and yield of purple coneflower. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
391 - Investigating the effects of various amounts of urea fertilizer and sugar cane filter on yield and functional parameters of wheat bread
Ahmed Al Kathir Teimour Babaeinejad Ali GholamiIn order to investigate the effect of different amounts of chemical fertilizers (urea) and organic (sugar cane filter) on wheat yield, an experiment was conducted in 2014 as split plots in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the land cultivati MoreIn order to investigate the effect of different amounts of chemical fertilizers (urea) and organic (sugar cane filter) on wheat yield, an experiment was conducted in 2014 as split plots in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the land cultivation plant of Haft Tape sugar cane (Shush) was implemented. Sugar cane filter fertilizer was used in four levels (without filter cake (T1), 20 t / ha (T2), 40 t / ha (T3) and 60 t / ha (T4) as the main factor and Fertilizer urea was considered as a sub factor in there levels of fertilizer: No-fertilizer (N1), 100 kg/ha (N2) and 200 kg / ha (N3). The results of analysis of variance of treatments showed that the effect of sugar cane filter at 5% probability level and fertilizer urea at 1% probability level was significant for all studied traits except for 1000 seed weight. Also, interaction of treatments on yield and yield components of wheat was not significant. The results of the comparison of the mean of the data showed that the increase of sugar cane filter as a organic matter to soil, plant height, spike length, spikelet number per spike, number of seeds per spike, number of spikes per square meter, 1000 grain weight, grain yield per square meter and harvest index significantly increased. The treatment of 60 tons of filter cake per hectare increased seed yield by about 137. 6 gr/m2 (from 648.4 to 510.5 gr/m2), equivalent to 21.2% of the control (without filter cake). Using Urea fertilizer, the measured traits significantly increased compared to the control. The application of urea fertilizer at 200 and 100 kg/ha increased grain yields of 228.5 and 201.3 gr/m², equaling 33.6% and 32.6%, respectively. In general, the results showed that increasing the use of urea and organic fertilizers has led to a significant increase in growth and functional attributes, and the best treatment for chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers is 200 kg/ha and 60 T/ha of filter cake, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
392 - Effect of humic acid on yield, yield components and physiological parameters of wheat in deficit irrigation conditions
Fatemeh Tourfi Alireza Shokuhfar2*In order to effect of humic acid on yield, yield components and physiological parameters of wheat in deficit irrigation conditions this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. main plots consisted: full irrigation, n MoreIn order to effect of humic acid on yield, yield components and physiological parameters of wheat in deficit irrigation conditions this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. main plots consisted: full irrigation, no irrigation at the beginning of stem elongation, and no irrigation at the pollination stage and sub plots included different levels of humic acid fertilizer (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/L). Results showed that interaction of irrigation and humic acid on number of seeds per spike and 1000 grain weight at 1% probability level and number of spikes per unit area and harvest index was significant at 5% probability level. Grain yield under the effect low irrigation and humic acid was significant at 1% probability level. The highest leaf area index and crop growth rate were affected in full irrigation and 300 mg.L-1 humic acid and least of them were obtained in low irrigation stress conditions in different periods and no foliar application of humic acid. The highest grain yield was obtained in full irrigation (5035 kg.ha-1) and foliar application with 300 mg.L-1 humic acid (4462 kg.ha-1). The lowest grain yield was obtained in no irrigation at the pollination stage (2355 kg.ha-1) and no-humic acid (2667 kg.ha-1). As a result, foliar application 300 mg.L-1 of humic acid in different periods of low irrigation stress improved the physiological indices and increased yield components compared to control (no foliar application). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
393 - Morpho-physiological Responses of Dill plant (Anethum Graveolens) to Foliar Application of Polyamines in Different Growth Stages
Mahtab Zahedi اسدی قارنه Asadi-GharnehThe use of polyamines with an impact on a wide range of plant growth and developmental processes can in/directly influence the growth indices and metabolic performance of the plant. This experiment was performed in a randomized block design with 10 treatments including MoreThe use of polyamines with an impact on a wide range of plant growth and developmental processes can in/directly influence the growth indices and metabolic performance of the plant. This experiment was performed in a randomized block design with 10 treatments including spermine, spermidine and putricin each at three levels of 50, 100 and 150 mg / l with 3 replications. Non-foliar treatment was utilized as a control treatment. The results demonstrated that foliar application with different levels of polyamines had a significant impact (P≤0.01) on traits such as root dry weight, wet and dry weight of shoots and also a significant effect (P≤0.01) on traits such as chlorophyll, a, b and total chlorophyll, height, side branch, the number of umbela and weight of 100-seeds. The highest dry weight of roots, wet and dry weight of shoots and the numbers of side branch were related to spermidine treatment 150 mg/ l, the highest chlorophyll a and b and total chlorophyll and the number of umbels related to spermine treatment 150 mg / l, the highest carotenoids related to spermine treatment 100 mg / l and The maximum weight of 100 seeds and height for putrescine treatment was 150 and 100 mg / l respectively. Based on the results of this study, it seems that spermine and spermidine have been effective on more traits. Foliar application of polyamines can also increase the quantitative and qualitative yield of the plant and change the majority of traits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
394 - Effect of weed management at different levels of sulfur coated urea on yield and qualitative traits of Beta vulgaris
Einollah HesamiIn order to evaluate of weeds control at different levels of sulfur coated urea on yield and qualitative characteristics of sugar beet, a study was carried out as split plot design in randomized complete blocks design with four repetitions in Shoushtar region during 201 MoreIn order to evaluate of weeds control at different levels of sulfur coated urea on yield and qualitative characteristics of sugar beet, a study was carried out as split plot design in randomized complete blocks design with four repetitions in Shoushtar region during 2016. Experimental treatments consisted of four different levels of sulfur coated urea (SCU) (0, 150, 180 and 250 kg.ha-1). The use of herbal treatments of chloropyralide + Des Modifam + Moeifam + Autophamousite and metamitron + Modifem + Autophamousite as a sub-agent. The results showed that weed dry weight was affected by different amounts of urea with sulfur coating and increased with increasing sulfur content of urea, which increased the weed weight of weeds, so that it was highest in application of the highest amount of urea with sulfur content per hectare with no weeding of weeds. The amount of 237 grams per square meter was obtained. Also, in the effects of fertilizer interaction and weed control, the highest yield of sugar beet (13421 kg) was attributed to full weed treatment and the highest application rate of sulfuric urea. The highest root yield of sugar beet (57004 kg ha-1) was related to weed control and application of the highest amount of sulfur urea. Among the weed control treatments, the highest root yield of sugar beet (46711 kg.ha-1) was obtained in metamitron + Des medifam + Autophamousite herbicide application and application of the highest amount of urea with sulfur content per hectare. Also, the highest percentage of pure sugar in the treatment of non-application of sulfur content of urea with non-control of weeds was 18.6% and 20.30%, respectively. In general, it can be said that Urea fertilizer with sulfur coating with the use of Médifam + Des Moiifam + Autophamousite + Metamitron has the optimum performance of sugar beet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
395 - Effect of potassium nano-chelate and ascorbic acid on grain yield and some qualitative characteristics of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L., Kamran cultivar)
Sara Barat Zadeh Tayeb Saki Nejad2* Teymour Babaei NejadIn order to investigate the effect of potassium nano chelate and ascorbic acid on acid yield and some qualitative characteristics of cowpea seed, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out at the Sh MoreIn order to investigate the effect of potassium nano chelate and ascorbic acid on acid yield and some qualitative characteristics of cowpea seed, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out at the Shahid Salemi Research Farm in Ahvaz. Factors included different amounts of potassium nano fertilizer at three levels (0, 2 and 4 liters per hectare), and levels of ascorbic acid (0, 15 and 30 mM). Results showed that there was significant difference at 1% probability level between potassium nano fertilizer and ascorbic acid in number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, protein percentage and potassium percentage. Among the measured traits, only interaction of potassium nano chelates and ascorbic acid on harvest index was significant at five percent. The highest harvest index was obtained with four liters per hectare potassium nano chelate and sprays application with 30 mM ascorbic acid with 39.68% and the lowest harvest index with 24.03% non-foliar treatment. The highest grain yield was obtained using 4 liters.ha-1 of potassium nano fertilizer and 30 mM ascorbic acid, respectively, with 3640 and 3183 kg.ha-1, and the lowest grain yield was obtained by control. The highest protein percentage was obtained by spraying with 4 liters.ha-1 of potassium nano fertilizer and 30 mM ascorbic acid, respectively, with 22.02 and 23.57 percent, respectively, and the lowest one was in control. In general, according to the results spraying with 4 liters.ha-1 of potassium nano fertilizer and 30 mM of ascorbic acid increases the quantitative and qualitative yields. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
396 - Evaluation of Yield, Some Physiological Properties and Drought Tolerance Evaluation of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Cultivars in Khuzestan Province
Mohammad Motamadi Abdolkarim BanisaidiIn order to evaluate the effect of late season drought stress on grain yield and yield components, some physiological characteristics and evaluation of stress tolerance index of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized completel MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of late season drought stress on grain yield and yield components, some physiological characteristics and evaluation of stress tolerance index of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized completely block design with three replications. Irrigation treatments in main plot included normal field irrigation and irrigation cut at pollination time and Nosrat, valfajr, Turkmen, Jonob, Yousef and Karon varieties were included in sub plot. The results showed that under drought stress the highest grain yield was observed in Nosrat and Yousef varieties (513.1 and 513.8 g / m2) and the lowest grain yield was observed in Karon (201.5 g / m2) vareity. The 1000grain weight loss rate of Nosrat, Yousef, Turkmen, Jonob, Valfajer and Karon varieties were 12.8%, 11.3%, 13.6%, 17.2%, 16.5% and 29.6%, respectively. Drought stress reduced grain filling duration in all varieties compared to normal condition, with the lowest grain filling duration belonged to Karon with 22.2 days but Nosrat and Yousef cultivars had the highest grain filling period. In drought stress conditions, Nosrat and Yousef varieties had the highest leaf relative water content, chlorophyll index, water soluble carbohydrates and water soluble proteins. Overall, according to the results of tolerance and stress sensitivity indices, Nosrat and Yousef cultivars were the most tolerant and Valfajr, Karon and Jonob varities were the most sensetive to late season drought stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
397 - تأثیر افزایش قیمت برق بر رفاه بخش خانگی مناطق روستایی استان گیلان
حسین صالحی Esfandiar Doshman Ziari Mohammad Sadegh Ziaeiبه منظور بررسی اثر افزایش قیمت برق در بخش خانگی بر رفاه خانوارهای روستایی استان گیلان با استفاده از سیستم تقاضای تقریبا ایده­آل؛ کشش­ها و تغییرات رفاهی ناشی از افزایش 50 درصدی و افزایش 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی و افزایش تدریجی قیمت برق خانگی در چهار سال (هر سال ا Moreبه منظور بررسی اثر افزایش قیمت برق در بخش خانگی بر رفاه خانوارهای روستایی استان گیلان با استفاده از سیستم تقاضای تقریبا ایده­آل؛ کشش­ها و تغییرات رفاهی ناشی از افزایش 50 درصدی و افزایش 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی و افزایش تدریجی قیمت برق خانگی در چهار سال (هر سال افزایش 25 درصدی) با استفاده از دو معیار تغییرات جبرانی و تغییرات معادل طی دوره زمانی 91-1370 محاسبه شده­است. نتایج نشان می­دهد قدر مطلق کشش درآمدی و قیمتی برق کوچک­تر از واحد بوده­است. پایین­بودن کشش قیمتی تقاضا از طرفی نشان­دهنده تأثیر جزئی تغییرات قیمت بر روی تقاضای برق در دوره مورد بررسی بوده و از طرف دیگر بیان­گر عدم وجود جانشین مناسب برای برق در بخش خانگی می­باشد.محاسبات تغییرات رفاهی و مقایسه­ی آنها با سهم برق از یارانه­ی پرداختی، نشان میدهد که با افزایش 50 و 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی پول پرداختی به خانوار کمتر از میزان مبلغ به­دست آمده­است و می­توان گفت که اثر مستقیم واقعی­کردن قیمت برق خانگی (افزایش قیمت) جبران نشده­است. در واقع میزان رفاهی که خانوار در اثر افزایش قیمت برق از دست داده­است بیش­تر از رفاهی است که به­دست آورده­است و لذا خانوارها متضرر شده­اند. اما در مورد سناریوی افزایش تدریجی قیمت، مبلغ CV به­دست­آمده کمتر از میزان دریافتی خانوار بوده و به این دلیل در واقع تنها با اعمال این سیاست قیمتی است که خانوار متضرر نشده و رفاه آن افزایش یافته­است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
398 - ارزیابی و رتبهبندی ریسک در باغات مرکبات با استفاده از روش تحلیل تاپسیس (مطالعه موردی: شرق استان مازندران)
سیمین دخت قاسمیان غلامرضا یاوری وحید ماجد ابوالفضل محمودی ابوالفضل جوادیانتولید مرکبات در بخش باغات در کشور جایگاه و اهمیت بالایی دارد. اهمیت این محصول در کشور ایران به دلایل منابع بسیار مهم تولید ثروت و مبادلات تجاری از یک طرف و سهم بسزایی در میان سایر محصولات کشاورزی و اشتغال بکار ساکنین مرکبات خیز ایران از طرف دیگر دوچندان میباشد. ولی رشد Moreتولید مرکبات در بخش باغات در کشور جایگاه و اهمیت بالایی دارد. اهمیت این محصول در کشور ایران به دلایل منابع بسیار مهم تولید ثروت و مبادلات تجاری از یک طرف و سهم بسزایی در میان سایر محصولات کشاورزی و اشتغال بکار ساکنین مرکبات خیز ایران از طرف دیگر دوچندان میباشد. ولی رشد و پایداری این بخش، بدون شناسایی و مدیریت مناسب و موثر ریسک امکانپذیر نیست. در مطالعه حاضر، ابتدا مهمترین ریسکهای باغ مرکبات طبق روش دلفی از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه توسط 16 نفر از کارشناسان تعیین شده است. سپس با استفاده از تکنیک سلسله مراتبی تاپسیس به عنوان یک روش تصمیم گیری چندشاخصه بسیار قوی و کارآمد در رتبه بندی، سعی شد ریسکهای موجود در صنعت باغداری استان مازندران طی سالهای 1395-1389 از طریق شبیه نمودن به جواب ایده آل اولویت بندی و بر اساس ماتریس بیوزنی آنتروپی شانون بدست آمده مهمترین و با اولویت ترین ریسک باغات استان مازندران انتخاب شده است. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین ریسک صنعت باغداری به ترتیب مربوط به ریسکهای آفات و بیماریها و قیمت، و در مراحل بعدی ریسکهای خسارت و تولید قراردارند. همچنین کمترین ریسکها هم به ترتیب مربوط به ریسکهای فنی، نیروی کار و اعتبارات است. بنابراین نتایج تحقیق بیانگر تأثیر شایان توجه ریسکهای آفات و بیماریها، قیمت و خسارت در صنعت باغداری منطقه است. همچنین از میان ریسکهای آفات و بیماریها، شپشکها، کنهقرمز و شتهها با احتساب 76، 73 و 70 درصد از بیشترین ریسک و ریسکهای ناشی از تامین اعتبارات، نخریدن محصول و خسارت ناشی از آبیاری قطرهای و قطره چکان از کمترین ریسک برخوردار هستند. شدت ریسک موجود نشان میدهد که در حوزههای ذکرشده باید بیشترین توجه و مدیریت ریسکی صورت گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
399 - An Environmental Investigation into Khorramabad's Landfill and Optimal Site Selection of Landfill using Weighted Linear Combination (WLC)
Siamak Baharvand Jafar Rahnamarad Salman Soori -
Open Access Article
400 - Spatial Association of Mineralization and Fractures in Meiduk Porphyry Copper Mine
Ali Mehrabi Reza Derakhshani Jafar Rahnamarad -
Open Access Article
401 - Investigation of the Pumice Additive Effect in Azarshahr Region on Mechanical Properties and Self-compacting Concrete Performance
Farhad Pirmohammadi Alishah Ayub Khandaghi Mehdi Mohammadrezaei Sattar Shafiei -
Open Access Article
402 - Improving discrimination power based on reducing dispersion of weights in data envelopment analysis
Yousef Badraghi Shokrollah Ziari Naghi Shoja Amir Gholam Abri -
Open Access Article
403 - A fuzzy MCDM model with objective and subjective weights for evaluating service quality in hotel industries
Nima Zoraghi Maghsoud Amiri Golnaz Talebi Mahdi Zowghi -
Open Access Article
404 - A three-stage assembly flow shop scheduling problem with blocking and sequence-dependent set up times
Aref Maleki-Darounkolaei Mahmoud Modiri Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam Iman Seyyedi -
Open Access Article
405 - A weighted metric method to optimize multi-response robust problems
R Noorossana M Kamali Ardakani -
Open Access Article
406 - An MCDM-DEA approach for technology selection
A Alinezhad A Makui R Kiani Mavi M Zohrehbandian -
Open Access Article
407 - A genetic algorithm approach for problem
E Mehdizadeh R Tavakkoli-Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
408 - Determining a common set of weights in DEA by solving a linear programming
S Saati -
Open Access Article
409 - Practical common weights MOLP approach for efficiency analysis
A Makui A Alinezhad M Zohrehbandian -
Open Access Article
410 - Effect of foliar application of salicylic acid in adjustment of the effects of drought stress on some morphological characteristics and photosynthetic pigments in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Ahmad AfkariSalicylic acid is one of the regulators of physiological processes causing increased resistance of plants to environmental stresses. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of drought stress and salicylic acid on morphological parameters and MoreSalicylic acid is one of the regulators of physiological processes causing increased resistance of plants to environmental stresses. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of drought stress and salicylic acid on morphological parameters and photosynthetic pigments in sunflower An experiment was performed as factorial in a fully random design with three replications in laboratory of physiology at Islamic Azad University, Kaleybar Branch in the agricultural year of 2017. The experimental treatments included salicylic acid at four levels (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mMolar), and water potential at five levels (0, -5, -10, -15, and -20 MPa). The results obtained from the analysis of variance indicated that the interaction between drought stress and salicylic acid and level of chlorophyll-a, total chlorophyll, length, wet and dry weight of the aerial parts was significant. The results of comparing the mean of the interaction between drought stress and salicylic acid indicated that the maximum level of photosynthetic pigments and morphological parameters was obtained by the treatment involving no application of stress plus salicylic acid 1 mM. The results obtained from this research indicated that drought stress resulted in a significant reduction in the growth of aerial parts and root, wet and dry weight of the aerial parts and root, and photosynthetic pigments. On the other hand, in the plants pretreated with salicylic acid, the extent of this reduction has been modified. Based on the obtained results, salicylic acid culminated in diminished damage incurred in response to drought. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
411 - Effect of irrigation regime on cotton golestan genotype (Gossypium hirsutum) yield, fiber quality and insilico analysis of CesA and XET1 genes involved in fiber quality
مریم kolahi elham faghani mina kazemian sedighe dodangi mohamad habibi omolbanin chekaniStudy of water stress effect in traits of crops is related to stress tolerance, increasing their growth and yield in stress situation.This research was performed to evaluate the impact of different irrigation regimes on cotton yield, fiber quality were conducted using a MoreStudy of water stress effect in traits of crops is related to stress tolerance, increasing their growth and yield in stress situation.This research was performed to evaluate the impact of different irrigation regimes on cotton yield, fiber quality were conducted using a split-plot factorial design with four irrigation levels (rainfed, 33%, 66% and 100%) as the main factor. After physiological maturation, fiber performance and quality traits were evaluated.protein and phylogenetic properties have been evaluated by bioinformatics tools. The results indicated that the highest yield with 1.2 kg was observed in 66% irrigation treatment. The highest fiber weight was observed in 66% treatment and the lowest in rainfed conditions. Seeds grown under 66% irrigation saved more water and produced potential seeds with high quality fibers. Bioinformatics analysis also revealed that the intracellular locations of CesA and XET1 enzymes are plasma membrane and cell wall, respectively. The enzymes CesA and XET1 belong to the protein family of transferases and hydrolase, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the sequences of both cotton enzymes with co-family genera were separated in the Malvaceae . It appears that in order to grow cotton seeds with desirable fibers in low water conditions and in dry areas, it is better to use seeds that are irrigated under optimal irrigation conditions (66%). by cultivating cotton seeds with about one third of the water requirement in three years, in addition to reducing the amount of water requirement and irrigation water consumption, better yields can be achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
412 - Evaluation of the effect of different types and amounts of foliar application of jasmonate before fruit harvest on functional, physiological, qualitative and medicinal traits of two strawberry cultivars
Mohammad Javad Mahdavi Lasibi Rezvan Karami Borz Abad Abolfazl Baghbani AraniTo investigate the effect of different types and amounts of jasmines on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two strawberry cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in Sadra Hydroponic Greenhouse of Shiraz Universi MoreTo investigate the effect of different types and amounts of jasmines on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two strawberry cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in Sadra Hydroponic Greenhouse of Shiraz University in 2018. Experimental treatments include two types of jasmonate (jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate) each in five concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mM) and (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mM) with four replications and three pots in each replication and two strawberry cultivars (Selva and Parus). Analysis of variance showed that the effect of experimental treatments on all studied traits except fruit weight and vitamin C was significant. The results showed that foliar application of jasmonate reduced chlorophyll content and leaf dry weight in both strawberry cultivars, while the highest number of fruits in Selva cultivar was obtained by foliar application of 2 mM jasmonic acid. The results also showed that increasing the concentration of jasmonates by reducing the total acidity and increasing fruit anthocyanins in both cultivars, improved the quality properties of strawberries. In general, Selva cultivar is more effective than jasmonate by producing soluble solids and the ratio of soluble solids to total acidity is more significant and the amount of total acidity is lower than Parus cultivar, it is more desirable in terms of quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
413 - Evaluation of the effect of oral coating of aloe vera gel and lemon essential oil on physicochemical and microbial properties of broccoli
mohammad javad shakouri zahra zare zadeh Esmaeil Babakhanzadeh sajiraniIn this study, the effect of broccoli coating with aloe vera gel (25% w / w) as a hydrocolloid compound with different concentrations of lemon essential oil (3% v / w, 3, 2, 1, 0) for 9 The day was examined at 4 ° C for physicochemical and microbial properties. In t MoreIn this study, the effect of broccoli coating with aloe vera gel (25% w / w) as a hydrocolloid compound with different concentrations of lemon essential oil (3% v / w, 3, 2, 1, 0) for 9 The day was examined at 4 ° C for physicochemical and microbial properties. In the present study, lemon essential oil was used as an additive to prepare aloe vera coating. Lemongrass essential oil was extracted by Clevenger and added to aloe vera gel. The results showed that the addition of essential oil to food coatings significantly reduced mesophilic bacteria during storage. Aloe vera gel / lemon essential oil coatings had a significant effect on weight loss. Also, coating the samples with aloe vera gel / lemon essential oil preserved the antioxidant properties of the samples. These properties indicate that coatings based on aloe vera gel / lemon balm essential oil are a good choice for the development of oral coatings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
414 - Survey of length - weight relationship of Astacus leptodactylus in shian dam Kermanshah province
P. Heshmatzad B. Mokhayer H. EmadiThis research was done on Astacus leptodactylus in Shian Reservoir of Kermanshah province from September 2010 to August 2011. The purpose of this research was survey on length - weight of Astacus leptodactylus. Total specimens were 182 crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus), MoreThis research was done on Astacus leptodactylus in Shian Reservoir of Kermanshah province from September 2010 to August 2011. The purpose of this research was survey on length - weight of Astacus leptodactylus. Total specimens were 182 crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus), including 126 male & 56 female from Shian lake dam. The sex ratio observed was 2.25:1(males /females). The average length in female and male were 133.86 12.99 &137.80 13.93 mm respectively, so there were significant difference between them (P<0.05).Maximum length measured in males and females were 182 &160 mm respectively. Also the average weight for male and female crayfishes were 75.21 24.15 & 91.9833.57 gr respectively. There were significant differences between them (P<0.01).Maximum weight between male and female crayfishes were 244 &120 gr.In this research length and weight of male crayfish were more than that of the female crayfish.The function coefficients obtained between them length and weight crayfish was from 2.1 Shian dam W= 256.52 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
415 - Investigation of some biological aspects of Cobitis taenia, index of clean water, Talar River (Mazandaran Province)
A. Ashja Ardalan S. Bahrebar R. Mousavi Nadushan S. VatandoustIn this study some of the biological aspect like age and growth, length and weight and longitudinal growth of Cobitis taenia which have been fished in Talar River has been reviewed. Samples were taken from two locations, 20 km apart, from Oct. 2008 up to Sept. 2009. Sam MoreIn this study some of the biological aspect like age and growth, length and weight and longitudinal growth of Cobitis taenia which have been fished in Talar River has been reviewed. Samples were taken from two locations, 20 km apart, from Oct. 2008 up to Sept. 2009. Samples were collected monthly by using an Electro-shocker machine .Collectively 410 speciemen of Cobitis taenia were obtained. Fishes have been examined for sex identification and 158 male , 119 Female and 133 immature have been determined from two locations during one year. This sampels belonged to 4 age groups of females and males. The proportion of male to female was 1/3 to 1. The relation between length and weight of males and females was W=0/671×TL+0/043 & W=1/593×TL+0/061. Growth parameters of Vonbertalanfi equation for males and females fish were as follows: L∞:680/09 K: 0/04 t0:0/106. Difference of Length Frequency distribution among males and females regarding the age were significant (P<0/05) the male fish had more frequency in the short length. The frequency for males, females and immatures was estimated to be32/4, 29 and 38/5percent. The weight and length of females was more than males. Average age for males was 0- 2 years and for females is 0- 3. Dominant age and average age for all fish were estimated to be 1 and 1/07 respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
416 - Reactive Power Management in Micro Grid with Considering Power Generation Uncertainty and State Estimation
Mohammad Reza Forozan Nasab Javad Olamaei -
Open Access Article
417 - Entropy-based Kernel Graph Cut with Weighted K-Means for Textural Image Region Segmentation
Mehrnaz Niazi Kambiz Rahbar Mansour Sheikhan Maryam Khademi -
Open Access Article
418 - Development of a Novel Method for Predicting Root Canals Working Length by Analyzing Dental Radiographs
Ahmad Moghadam Mohammad Adeli -
Open Access Article
419 - رابطه بین قیمتهای نقدی و آتی سکه طلا در ایران
محسن مهرآرا فاطمه نائبی -
Open Access Article
420 - Determining Range Suitability Using Fuzzy and Hierarchical Method (Case Study: Bagheran Birjand Watershed, South Khorasan Province, Iran)
Einollah Rouhi Moghaddam Halimeh Joloro Hadi Memarian -
Open Access Article
421 - Ensemble Modeling Approach to Predict the Potential Distribution of Artemisia sieberi in Desert Rangelands of Yazd Province, Central Iran
Mohammad Ali Zare chahouki Peyman Karami Hossein Piri Sahragard -
Open Access Article
422 - Detection of Fire-Prone Areas Using the PROMETHEE Decision-Making Method (Case Study: Watershed Basin of Shourdareh, Golestan Province, Iran)
Amirreza Mesbah Khadijeh Mahdavi Mahshid Souri Mohammad Reza Javadi -
Open Access Article
423 - Value at Risk Assessment in Tehran Stock Exchange using Non-parametric and parametric Approaches
ebrahim ghanbari memeshi seyed ali nabavi chashmi erfan memarianThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the value at risk of stock indexes based on parametric and nonparametric approaches in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this regard, the Tehran Stock Exchange (TEPIX) index was used as a representative of market portfolios and daily dat MoreThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the value at risk of stock indexes based on parametric and nonparametric approaches in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this regard, the Tehran Stock Exchange (TEPIX) index was used as a representative of market portfolios and daily data for the period 13/10/2009-12/11/2019. In this study, first, the results of estimating the value at risk using two models of exponentially weighted Moving Average (EWMA) and Monte Carlo simulation (MC) are presented. The performance tests of these models are then compared with other models including GARCH and historical simulation models. The estimation results of these models were obtained using Eviews 10 and Matlab 2018 software. The results show that the exponential moving average (EWMA) model is more efficient and more accurate than other models. The results also show that based on violation ratio and Back Tests, non-parametric models such as Monte Carlo simulation have overestimated the value at risk . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
424 - Effects of Macroeconomic Variables and Market Power on Banking Sector's Deposits (Weighted Least Square in Dynamic Panel Data Approach)
mahboubeh shakiba alireza daghighiasli marjan damankeshideh majid afsharirad Ali Esmaeelzadeh MaghariThe most important role of bank deposits in the country's economy is to provide the necessary grounds for investment. Market power specifies how firms in a market influence prices, and reveals the level of competition in the market. Hence, the main aim of this paper is MoreThe most important role of bank deposits in the country's economy is to provide the necessary grounds for investment. Market power specifies how firms in a market influence prices, and reveals the level of competition in the market. Hence, the main aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of market power and macroeconomic variables effects on banking deposits in Iranian deposit money market using dynamic Bresnahan-Lau’s and weighted average least square approach for the 18 bank in the Iran industrial banking sector. Annual data for the period of 2008-2017 has been collected from annual financial statements of Iranian banks, Statistical Centre of Iran, Monetary and Banking Research Institute of Iran and central bank of Iran. The main empirical results indicated that the nominal exchange rate and liquidity money have negative and other extracted macroeconomics variables have positive and significant effects on the deposits of banking sector during the period of study. Moreover, the Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel Granger Causality tests confirmed the unilateral causality from macroeconomics variables and market power to the bank's deposits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
425 - Comparing the Effectiveness of CBT and ACT on Weight Loss and Quality of Life among overwheight women
Abolfazl BakhshipoorPrevious studies demonstrated the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on weight loss. Aim of present study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on MorePrevious studies demonstrated the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on weight loss. Aim of present study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on body mass index (BMI) and quality of life among overweight women. Forty five women with overweight were selected through convenience sampling and allocated in two experiment groups of CBT and ACT, and one control group. BMI, quality of life, and demographic questionnaire were examined in pretest, posttest and six months follow-up. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Findings demonstrated that BMI was significantly lower in experiment groups in comparison of control group in posttest and follow-up. However no significant difference in BMI were found between CBT and ACT groups in posttest and follow-up. Findings also showed that subscales of quality of life were significantly higher among participants in intervention groups in comparison of control group in posttest and follow-up. Furthermore, participants in ACT group had significantly higher levels of quality of life and mental health in comparison of CBT group. Both interventions had significant effectiveness in weightloss however ACT group had more significant effectiveness in some indicators of quality of life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
426 - Application of Market Timing Theory and Nonlinear Relation of Revised Pecking Order Theory to Corporate Capital Structure
Amin Heydari Mahmoud Hemmat far Mohammad Hassan JananiAbstract In this research, using the market timing theory and the revised theory of pecking order, the factors affecting the choice of financing method are identified and prioritized. In this study, data of 183 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange were collect MoreAbstract In this research, using the market timing theory and the revised theory of pecking order, the factors affecting the choice of financing method are identified and prioritized. In this study, data of 183 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange were collected. To collect information and data, the library method was used and in order to investigate the relationships between variables and test the hypotheses, the multiple regression model in Eviews software version 10 was used. The main hypotheses of this research are based on the fact that in order to make management decisions about the optimal capital structure of the company, we can act based on the model of market timing theory and revised theory of pecking order. In the results of this study, the companies in order to finance themselves, in fact, follow the theory of pecking order and market timing. The research findings show a non-linear ᴜ shape relationship between debt and deficit changes and a direct linear relationship between capital and deficit changes. Also, testing the model related to market timing shows a positive and significant relationship between the weighted average of external financing and capital structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
427 - Modelling Bank's Risk and Performance Oriented Financial Strength Using Accounting Information
محمود انصار محمد خدایی وله زاقرد مهدی تقوی زهرا امیرحسینیBank's financial strength become a major concept on banking literature during the past few years and CAMELS is a common approach to measure it. Financial strength not only helps banks to meet legal obligations but also increases their stability in banking crises. We imp MoreBank's financial strength become a major concept on banking literature during the past few years and CAMELS is a common approach to measure it. Financial strength not only helps banks to meet legal obligations but also increases their stability in banking crises. We improve a developed model using CAMELS approach and combine it with Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) with Simulated Weights to release its limitation and measure financial strength of 24 Iranian banks. As a result this paper prepares a proposed method to monitor and increase bank's financial strength. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
428 - Intelligent Model Based Predicative Controller for DC-DC Converter in Photovoltaic Systems
Hadi Saghafi Amin Rasoulian Mohammadali Abbasian Majid Delshad -
Open Access Article
429 - Detecting the variables affecting on Bitcoin price: Bayesian Model Averaging and Weighted Averaging Least Square approach
Mohammad kazem sadeghian kazem yavari abbas alavi radThe purpose of this paper detecting the variables affecting on Bitcoin price using daily Time series data from 2015 to 2019 invoking two method of Bayesian model Averaging and Weighted-Average Least Square. The results of this study show that the price variables of cryp MoreThe purpose of this paper detecting the variables affecting on Bitcoin price using daily Time series data from 2015 to 2019 invoking two method of Bayesian model Averaging and Weighted-Average Least Square. The results of this study show that the price variables of cryptocurrencies with different creation mechanisms from Bitcoin and also the number of circulating cryptocurrencies with similar mechanism to Bitcoin and the volume of liquidity of US dollars affect the price of Bitcoin. On the other hand, the Forex market currency pairs, such as the dollar to Canadian dollar, the dollar to Australian dollar and the dollar to New Zealand dollar, which are less valuable than other major currency pairs in the Forex market, affect the price of Bitcoin. Also, the variables in the number of bitcoins, the number of cryptocurrencies in circulation with a different mechanism from bitcoin, the global price of gold and the number of searches for the word bitcoin in Google on its price have low coefficients. Overall, the results of the two methods of Bayesian averaging and Weighted Averaging Least Square are largely the same, and the use of the optimal pattern selection method confirms this. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
430 - Optimal Portfolio Diversification Strategy Using WCVaR Risk Criteria and Its Comparison with Monte Carlo Method
Mohammad reza Haddadi seyed parviz jalili kamju sara goodarzi dahriziChoosing an optimal portfolio is one of the main goals of financial management. The initial strategy is to zero the risk of non-systematic risk by diversification in the optimal portfolio. In this research, WCVaR applied model and linear programming method for stock mar MoreChoosing an optimal portfolio is one of the main goals of financial management. The initial strategy is to zero the risk of non-systematic risk by diversification in the optimal portfolio. In this research, WCVaR applied model and linear programming method for stock market risk measurement and selection of a weight optimized portfolio were used. WCVaR is one of the newest risk measurements and covers the defects of the VaR and CVaR models. This research 11-year period information (1387 -1397) was used from actual data of 10 different companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. This research uses data from ten companies accepted in TESM during the period of 1397-1387. The results of model estimation using the linear programming method in Matlab software showed that changing the benchmark optimization would lead to a change in the weight of the basket stock and change the strategy of diversification in the optimal portfolio. The results of estimating the model using the linear programming method showed that changing the optimization criterion will lead to a change in the stock weight of the portfolio and a change in the diversification strategy in the optimal stock portfolio. Among the 44 baskets with different weights, the most optimal Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
431 - Designing a Risk Assessment Model and determining an Optimal Currency Portfolio for banks by Value-at-risk (VaR) criterion and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA)
Gholamreza Bayati Mohammad Ebrahim mohammadPourzarandiBanks as fund intermediaries in providing and allocating resources to the community, encounter market risk, liquidity risk and etc. In this study, the market risk, is taken into consideration in order to determine the optimal currency basket, one of the fundamental aspe MoreBanks as fund intermediaries in providing and allocating resources to the community, encounter market risk, liquidity risk and etc. In this study, the market risk, is taken into consideration in order to determine the optimal currency basket, one of the fundamental aspects of Foreign Currency Reserve Management in banks, which itself is also affected by fluctuating interest rates, exchange rates, stock prices and etc. The approach used in this paper is the value-at-risk criterion (VaR) the variance-covariance method, along with the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) technic. Value at risk actually summarizes the types of risks in a single digit, and it releases the senior management from bunches of risk calculations. The purpose is to design a model which provide an optimal combination for holding 6 currency reserves such as U.S. dollar, Dirham, Yen, Lira, Won, and Euro in Bank Mellat using the reference rates data of the aforementioned currencies in 2018. At the end, the model was solved using LINGO and Excel software. The results show that the maximum share of the US dollar and the dirhams in the currency basket of Bank Mellat are 33% and 67%, respectively. Accordingly, if the share of that currencies mentioned above exceed the obtained digits in the currency basket, then the maximum expected losses on the currency portfolio increase over the time and at the level of desired level of confidence. Also, other currencies are so risky, therefore Mellat Bank, to hold these currencies must plan more based on its trading needs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
432 - Examining the reaction of the total and equal-weighted index of the stock market to the fluctuation of cryptocurrencies under the influence of investors' emotions (evidence from the Iranian stock market)
Nader Khedri tayebeh darvishpoor Ali Reza jorjor zadeh Houshang AmiriThe emergence and expansion of the virtual currency market in recent years have attracted the attention of investors to these capital assets, and investors in Iran have not been exempted from this. And since asset markets are competitors in attracting investors, now a n MoreThe emergence and expansion of the virtual currency market in recent years have attracted the attention of investors to these capital assets, and investors in Iran have not been exempted from this. And since asset markets are competitors in attracting investors, now a new competitor, the cryptocurrency market, is emerging in this market. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of cryptocurrencies on the total and equal-weighted indices of the Iranian stock market and considered the role of investors' sentiment as one of the influential factors. To carry out this study, the total Indice and the equal weight Indice of the stock market were extracted from the beginning of 2016 to September 2021, and the effect of the cryptocurrency market Indice, Bitcoin, and Ethereum, as the most well-known and most traded cryptocurrency, on the mentioned indicators was investigated using multivariate regression models.The findings showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between the Indices of Bitcoin, Ethereum, and the Indice of the cryptocurrency market with the total Indice and the Indice of equal weight in the Iranian stock market, and the sentiments of investors were effective on these relationships. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
433 - Evaluate the performance of bank branches using the control approach in analyzing the data cover weight
mahnaz Ahadzadeh Namin elaheh khamseh Farzaneh MohamadiDEA-based methods for assessing the effectiveness of data envelopment analysis (DEA), in which the input and output weights are limited, has the ability of bank branches to use unlimited weights that are consistent with exaggerated judgments, adjusted prices, taking int MoreDEA-based methods for assessing the effectiveness of data envelopment analysis (DEA), in which the input and output weights are limited, has the ability of bank branches to use unlimited weights that are consistent with exaggerated judgments, adjusted prices, taking into account the risk associated with operating costs and costs Non-operational. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of first-class branches of a commercial bank in Iran using the weight limitation model in data envelopment analysis. Firstly, the important indicators for assessing the performance of bank branches were identified according to previous studies and then, according to the opinion of the banking experts and data envelopment analysis, to evaluate the efficiency of the first grade bank branches, which include two input indicators and four output indicators, will be finalized. After collecting information about 40 first-class branches of the bank in two half-yearly years in 1395, the DEA model will be evaluated without any restrictions on the first grade bank branches. This will also be done with limited DEA models. Finally, using descriptive statistics and statistical tests, we will show that the applied weight limit improves the performance of the performance of first-class bank branches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
434 - Analysis of Common Weighting Method in Data Envelopment Analysis Based on Customer Satisfaction of Companies Active in Tehran Stock Exchange
Zahra Bodaghi Mahnaz Ahadzadeh Namin Shadi ShahverdianiThe traditional data envelopment analysis model allows the decision maker unit (DMU) to use the most favorable weights to evaluate the efficiency. This type of evaluation with the most flexibility can prevent the full ranking of DMUs and the evaluation results for DMUs MoreThe traditional data envelopment analysis model allows the decision maker unit (DMU) to use the most favorable weights to evaluate the efficiency. This type of evaluation with the most flexibility can prevent the full ranking of DMUs and the evaluation results for DMUs are unacceptable. To solve this problem in data envelopment analysis, a common weight approach based on the concept of the degree of satisfaction of a DMU has been introduced. Also, to solve a common weight model, which is a nonlinear model, an algorithm is presented that can be modeled step by step. In this paper, we will evaluate the performance of companies active in Tehran Stock Exchange using a common weight model for 24 companies active in Tehran Stock Exchange. The weighted average performance of Tehran Stock Exchange companies for the years 1394 and 1395. The results show that this method will rank companies without any interference during these two years. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
435 - Applying hybrid algorithm of fuzzy time series for stock price forecasting and comparing them with calculating stock price achieved by golden ratio technique for Tehran Stock Exchange companies
Negar Aghaeefar Mohammad Ebrahim Mohammad PourzranadiThe especial importance of capital market in countries is undeniable in economic development via effective capital conduct and optimum resources allocation. Investment in capital market requires decision making in new stock exchanges, and accessing information in the ca MoreThe especial importance of capital market in countries is undeniable in economic development via effective capital conduct and optimum resources allocation. Investment in capital market requires decision making in new stock exchanges, and accessing information in the case of future status of capital market. Forecasting stock market price has always been a challenging task, since it is affected by many economic and non-economic factors and variables; therefore, selecting the best and the most efficient forecasting model is tough and essential. For this forecasting, we need a computing model with systematic method that can be estimated in this research. The attribution of this test considering one of the stock exchange industries is forecasting prices and contrasting them with calculated price achieved by Golden ratio algorithm. Banking industry is selected and all of listed in bourse and farabourse banks are reviewd that the results of one of them is presented in this article. Time-series and Fuzzy logic models are used for rationalization. Fuzzy time-series models have been utilized to make reasonably accurate prediction in the area of stock price movements.The mentioned combined method are run on the average of weekly prices of Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research stock trade for investors with calculated relations are displayed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
436 - An algorithm for determining common weights by concept of membership function
S. Saati N. Nayebi -
Open Access Article
437 - Spectral triples of weighted groups
M. Amini Kh. Shamsolkotabi -
Open Access Article
438 - Coupled fixed point results for $T$-contractions on $\mathcal{F}$-metric spaces and an application
H. Majani R. Zaer Soleimani Javad Izadi -
Open Access Article
439 - Some properties of Moore$-$Penrose inverse of weighted composition operators
M. Sohrabi -
Open Access Article
440 - A generalization of weighted versions of the determinant, permanent and the generalized inverse of rectangular matrices
M. Bayat -
Open Access Article
441 - Solvability of the infinite systems of nonlinear third-order differential equations in the weighted sequence space ${\bf m_\omega(\Delta_{\mathfrak{v}}^{\varsigma}, \psi,q)}$
M. Khanehgir H. Amiri Kayvanloo R. Allahyari M. Mehrabinezhad -
Open Access Article
442 - Two methods to obtain preferred efficiency for negative data (IS)
Hossein Abbasiyan mohamadjafar doostideilami -
Open Access Article
443 - RANKING DMUS ON THE BENCHMARK LINE WITH EQUAL SHADOW PRICES
Z. Molaee A. Zandi -
Open Access Article
444 - IMPROVING THE SELECTION SYMMETRIC WEIGHTS AS A SECONDARY GOAL IN DEA CROSS-EFFICIENCY EVALUATION
Ghasem Tohidi Maryam Khodadadi Elham Rostamiyan -
Open Access Article
445 - MAXIMAL ALLOCATED BENEFIT AND MINIMAL ALLOCATED COST AND ITS APPLICATION
M. Mansouri Kaleibar S. Daneshvar -
Open Access Article
446 - ON QUASILINEAR ELLIPTIC SYSTEMS INVOLVING MULTIPLE CRITICAL EXPONENTS
Nemat Nyamoradi Mohsen Shekarbaigi -
Open Access Article
447 - The evaluation of different herbicide on weeds control, growth indices, and forage yield Alfalfa
masoud noroozi mohammad reza dadashi fariba mighani hossien ajam norooziField experiment was conducted to evaluate chemical control of weeds in newly planted alfalfa with emphasis on growth indices in randomize complete-block design (RCBD) with 9 treatments and 4 replications at the research field of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Prot MoreField experiment was conducted to evaluate chemical control of weeds in newly planted alfalfa with emphasis on growth indices in randomize complete-block design (RCBD) with 9 treatments and 4 replications at the research field of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection located in Meshkindasht, Karaj, during 2014-2016. The treatments consisted of Eradicane 4.1 g ai/ha, Metribuzin 525 g ai/ha, 2,4-DB 1269 g ai/ha, 2,4-DB 1480 g ai/ha, Bentazon 144 g ai/ha, Imazethapyr 50 g ai/ha (with 200 ml Sitogit), Imazethapyr 100 g ai/ha (with 200 ml Sitogit), non-herbicide control and whole-season weeding control. Based on reducing density of broad-leaved weeds the most effective herbicides were Metribuzin (99 and 97% in first and second cutting) and Imazethapyr 1 lit/ha (91 and 90% in first and second cutting). The poorest control was application of Eradicane (44 and 36 % in first and second cutting). Furthermore, the results of reducing density of grass weeds showed that among all herbicides the highest efficiency were related to Eradicane (100% in both cutting) and Imazethapyr 100 g ai/ha (87 and 91% in first and second cutting). the lowest fresh and dry weight of alfalfa, cumulative dry matter and leaf area index was related to use of Metribuzin, which was due to the effects of herbicide injury on alfalfa, thus it led to decreasing of alfalfa density in the first year Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
448 - The effect of sowing date on peanut seed vigor and yield
zahra rastegar Farshid Ghaderi-Far Hamidreza Sadeghipour Ebrahim ZeinaliDetermination of proper time for planting and harvesting has special importance. For determination of proper time of maturity with high vigor and yield, an experiment was conducted in two crop years in complete block design in research station of Gorgan University of Ag MoreDetermination of proper time for planting and harvesting has special importance. For determination of proper time of maturity with high vigor and yield, an experiment was conducted in two crop years in complete block design in research station of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR). In first and second year the study was performed in five and two planting dates respectively. The Sampling repeats weekly when seed developed in pods and were transferred immediately to the laboratory. Seed germination and moisture content was determined and electrical conductivity test was measured after drying the seeds. Results showed that seed moisture content in final stage, germination percentage, electrical conductivity, seeds filling rate, seed filling period and seedling vigor were significantly affected by planting date. Seeds which planted early had lower moisture content in harvest time and higher germination percentage than seeds which planted late. Different sowing date significantly affected seed yield in the first year, while in the second year delay sowing had no significant effect on total seed yield. Reduce seed filling period in late planting date of first year and facing this period with the end of season rainfall led to significant decrease in seed vigor and quality. results suggested between weather parameters, temperature and rainfall during seed filling period had significant effects on peanut seed vigor and yield. So adjusting planting date according to location weather condition could results high quality and vigor seeds in harvest time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
449 - Effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield component of some new maize cultivars (Zea mays L.) in Kermanshah
Mansour Ahmadi Farzad Mondani Mahmud Khorramivafa Gholamreza Mohammadi Ali ShirkhaniIn order to evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer application on yield and yield components of some maize cultivars, a split plot experiment was done based on randomized complete blocks design with four replications in the campus of agricultural MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer application on yield and yield components of some maize cultivars, a split plot experiment was done based on randomized complete blocks design with four replications in the campus of agricultural and natural recourses farm, Razi University, at 2014. Treatments were four levels of nitrogen fertilizer application (40%, 70%, 100% and 140% of the maize demand to nitrogen which based on the amount recommended by soil testis equivalent to 138, 238, 350 and 483 kg.ha-1 urea) as main plots and three common maize cultivars SC 704, BC 678 and Simon as sub plots. The results indicated that nitrogen fertilizer improved number of ear per square meter (12%), number of row per ear (9%), number of grain per row (32%), grain yield (63%) and total dry weight (58%). Simon cultivar had more need to nitrogen fertilizer to achieve maximum yield. Simon cultivar had the most grain yield (19%) than other cultivars. Harvest index was higher for Simon cultivar in fertilizer level of 140% while harvest index for other cultivars reduced by increasing of nitrogen fertilizer application from 40% to 140% of plant demand. Simon cultivar (10467 kg.ha-1) in 140% fertilizer level and SC-704 (8402 kg.ha-1) and BC-678 (8030 kg.ha-1) in 100% fertilizer level had maximum grain yield. In general, our results showed that in the studied region to achieve higher yield, it is better new maize cultivars be cultivated such as Simon. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
450 - Effect of titanium nano particles and different irrigation levels on photosynthetic pigments, proline, soluble carbohydrates and growth parameters of Purslane
Hossein sartip Alireza SirousmehrSoil misture deficiency is the most important factors of plant growth and development inhibiting. To evaluate the effect of foliar application of titanium dioxide nano particles on Purslane some physiological and morphological traits under different irrigation levels wa MoreSoil misture deficiency is the most important factors of plant growth and development inhibiting. To evaluate the effect of foliar application of titanium dioxide nano particles on Purslane some physiological and morphological traits under different irrigation levels was done a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Experimental factors were including of three levels irrigation 60, 80 and 100 percent of field capacity and sprayed titanium dioxide nano particles in the 6-8 leaf stage at four levels 0, 1, 2 and 3 mg. l-1, respectively. The result showed that irrigation levels was significant in all traits in 1 percent level and it cause to reduce the total chlorophyll content and increase the amount of soluble carbohydrates and proline. The maximum amount of total chlorophyll content 32.36 mg. g-1 of fresh leaf was obtained in treatment of 100 percent of field capacity and lowest amount it 13.42 mg. g-1 of fresh leaf was obtained in treatment of 60 percent of field capacity, respectively. Sprayed of titanium dioxide nano particles was also significant on the most traits and increases the total chlorophyll and fresh and dry weight of Purslane. The maximum amount of the fresh weight of shrub 21.61 g in the 3 mg. l-1 sprayed of titanium dioxide nano particles treatment and the minimum fresh weight 17.16 g was obtained control treatment (spraying with distilled water). The results showed the use of nanoparticles of titanium dioxide, increased significantly chlorophyll (a) and dry weight the purslane. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
451 - The effect of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid foliar application on forage yield, RWC and leaf chlorophyll of corn under drought stress
navvab haji hassani asl farhad farah vash mohsen roshdi Bahram mir shekari mehdi gaffariTo study the effect of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid foliar application on yield and specification of corn under drought stress, an experiment was performed in Khoy in 2013-14 as split plot with basis of randomized complete block design in four replications. Main fac MoreTo study the effect of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid foliar application on yield and specification of corn under drought stress, an experiment was performed in Khoy in 2013-14 as split plot with basis of randomized complete block design in four replications. Main factor: drought stress doing through irrigation after 75±5 and 150±5 mm evaporation on Pan. Sub factor was including of foliar application of ascorbic acid and salicylic acid in 100, 200 and 300 mg/lit and control treatment (non- foliar application). Effect of year was significant only on RWC. Drought stress had significantly effect on fresh forage yield, chlorophyll a, b and chlorophyll a+b. Foliar application had significantly effect on all characters. Interactions effect of year and foliar application were significant on fresh forage yield and chlorophyll a. 100 mg/lit salicylic acid foliar application in 2013 year treatment with average of 74.46 ton/ha and non- foliar application in 2014 year treatment with average of 59.47 ton/ha had maximum and minimum of fresh forage yield. Maximum and minimum of chlorophyll a seen in 300 mg/lit ascorbic acid foliar application in 2014 year and non-foliar application in 2013 year. Interaction of drought stress and foliar application had significantly effect on fresh forage yield, only. 100 mg/lit salicylic acid foliar application in normal irrigation treatment (80.82 ton/ha) and non- foliar application in drought irrigaton treatment (52.74 ton/ha) had maximum and minimum of fresh forage yield, respectivly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
452 - Effect of integrated application of chemical and biological fertilizers on phosphorus use efficiency and the agronomic characteristics of sunflower
M. Mirzakhani N. SajediIn order to the effect of integrated use of chemical and biological fertilizers on phosphorus use efficiency and some of agronomic characteristics in sunflower, this study was carried out in Markazi province in 2009. A factorial arrangement of treatment in a randomized MoreIn order to the effect of integrated use of chemical and biological fertilizers on phosphorus use efficiency and some of agronomic characteristics in sunflower, this study was carried out in Markazi province in 2009. A factorial arrangement of treatment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Inoculation with Nitroxin (N0= Control, N1= Inoculation), Inoculation with Barvar-2 (B0= Control, B1= Inoculation) and Application of chemical manure combination of Nitrogen and Phosphorus (C0= N0 + P0, C1= N50 + P25 , C2= N100 + P50 , C3= N150 + P75 kg ha-1). Results indicated that the effect of nitroxin on number of grain per m-2, hectoliter weight and inoculation with Barvar-2 biological manure on number of grain per m-2 were significant. Chemical manure combination of nitrogen and phosphorus on charecteritics such as: stem height, number of effective leaf, number of grain per m-2, biological yield, productivity index of plant, hectoliter weight and phosphorus use efficiency was significant, too. Among the different levels of combination application of chemical manure, that (50 kg ha-1 nitrogen + 25 kg ha-1 phosphorus) with average of phosphorus use efficiency (51.32 %) and (150 kg ha-1 nitrogen + 75 kg ha-1 phosphorus) treatment, with average of phosphorus use efficiency (21.01 %) were significantly superior to the other treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded that with increasing amounts of chemical fertilizers through leaching and waste to reduced fertilizer use efficiency Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
453 - Effect of late season drought stress and foliar application of nitrogen on yield and some physiological traits of wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum)
Majid Rostami Abdolreza Ahmadi Hoda MohammadiIn order to study the effects of late season drought stress and foliar application of nitrogen on physiological traits and grain yield of wheat an experiment was conducted as strip-plot based on complete randomized blocks design (CRBD) with three replications. The horiz MoreIn order to study the effects of late season drought stress and foliar application of nitrogen on physiological traits and grain yield of wheat an experiment was conducted as strip-plot based on complete randomized blocks design (CRBD) with three replications. The horizontal factor were irrigation treatments (i.e. IR1: full irrigation, IR2: cutting irrigation at grain dough stage and IR3: cutting irrigation at grain milk stage) and the vertical factor were foliar application of nitrogen as urea (N1: control, N2: foliar application of 20 kg. ha-1 urea at flowering stage, N3: foliar application of 20 kg. ha-1 urea at milk stage and N4: foliar application of 20 kg. ha-1 urea at flowering and milk stage). Based on results effects of irrigation and interaction of treatments on relative water content was significant. Effects of experimental treatments and interaction of treatments on leaf chlorophyll were significant. The main effect of irrigation treatment on canopy temperature and hectoliter weight was significant and highest and lowest values of these traits observed in full irrigation and IR3 treatments, respectively. The experimental treatments and interaction of treatments significantly affect grain protein content and decreasing irrigation resulted in increasing grain protein content. Although by cutting the irrigation, protein content in both of treatments (IR2 and IR3) increased but by considering the grain yield it seems that cutting irrigation at grain dough stage is more suitable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
454 - Effects of nano fertilizer and different levels of nitrogen on grain and oil yield of sesame
hamed bekhrad fateme niknam B. MahdaviTo evaluate effects of nano fertilizer and different levels of nitrogen on sesame, a factorial experiment, arranged in randomized complete block design with 3 replications, was done in the research station of Kahnoj. Factors in this experiment included four nano fertili MoreTo evaluate effects of nano fertilizer and different levels of nitrogen on sesame, a factorial experiment, arranged in randomized complete block design with 3 replications, was done in the research station of Kahnoj. Factors in this experiment included four nano fertilizer (0, 1, 2 and 3 /1000) and N levels in four levels (0, 50, 100 and150 Kg N/hac). Analysis of variance showed significant effects of N and nano fertilizer on all characters. Maximum plant height, amount of capsul and biological yield was obtained in 150 Kg nitrogen and minimum level of these parameters was in 0 Kg N. In nano fertilizer yield per plant, amount of capsul and biological yield, was maximum in (3/1000) treatment, while plant height was maximum in 2/1000 treatment. N fertilizer together with nano fertilizer increased 1000 kernel weight, grain yield and biological index, in comparison with none fertilizer treatment and the highest amount of this parameters was in 100 kg N and 2/1000 nano fertilizer treatments. For the oil percent maximum average was 58.5% more than none N fertilizer treatment and maximum amount of oil between nano fertilizer was obtained in 2/1000 and the minimum was in none nano fertilizer usage. Generally, it can be said that the effects of nitrogen and nano fertilizer increased availability of nutrients, which is required by plant, and caused the best growing condition for the sesame Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
455 - The Effect of narrow left herbicides and dual herbicides combined with silice treatments on Sisymbrium irio (avena) weed control in wheat.
narges sadat rasouly fard hamid reza miri ali reza bagherito evaluate the different levels of silicon with the selective of wheat herbicides on control of wild oat, yield and yield components of wheat, was conducted a factorial experiment base on completed block randomized design with three replications in the city Eghlid in c Moreto evaluate the different levels of silicon with the selective of wheat herbicides on control of wild oat, yield and yield components of wheat, was conducted a factorial experiment base on completed block randomized design with three replications in the city Eghlid in crop year 1393.The first factor consisted of seven treatments herbicide application topic , Puma super, Atlantiha, Aperous, Suffix , weedy and weed control, and the second factor has two levels of silicon (application and non-application). The results of dry weight wild oats showed that in terms of silicon utilization increased and were significantly different than the non-application of silicon. The height of dry weight wild oats was related to topic and pumasuper herbicides that in control wild oats weren’t succeeded. Herbicides Atlantis and Suffix herbicides had the height control of wild oats. The results of yield and components yield also showed that the use of silicon in herbicides Topic and Puma super were lead to reduction characteristics. In the case of herbicides Atlantis and Pumasuper in terms of the non-application of silica reduction yield and components yields were observed due to phytotoxicity the effects of herbicides on wheat plants. Silicon is used in treatments of herbicides Aperous and atlantis grain yield were significantly increased. The results showed that the silicon leads to reduce the phytotoxicity of herbicides aperous and Atlantis in weather condition Eghlid. Keywords: wild oats, dry weight, grain yield, phytotoxicity, Atlantis, Aperou Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
456 - Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on seed yield and yield components of flax (Linum ussitatissimum L.) under drought stress
Maryam Soltanian Ali TadayyonIn order to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under drought stress on linseed …, an experiment was conducted as split-plot arrangement based on RCBD with three replications at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture in Shahrekord Universi MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under drought stress on linseed …, an experiment was conducted as split-plot arrangement based on RCBD with three replications at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture in Shahrekord University in 2013. Drought stress at four levels of without stress, moderate, the average, and severe stress as the main factor and inoculation with Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae and no inoculation as sub factor were evaluated. The results showed that the effect of mycorrhiza inoculation and drought stress treatment had significant effect on all measured traits. The interactions between mycorrhiza and drought stress treatments were significant on capsule number per plant and seed number per capsule. Based on the results in this experiment inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi, increased grain yield and 1000 seeds weight 27% and 10.6% respectively compare to no inoculation treatment. Based on resulted in this experiment symbiosis of flax with of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi caused increased in all traits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
457 - Estimating leaf area by using vegetative characteristics in in bread and durum wheat cultivars
jafar pourreza Afshin Soltani احمد نادریIn order to investigate relationships between leaf area (LA) cm2plant-1 with leaf dry weight ( LDW) g plant-1, total dry weight of vegetative organs (leaf + stem)(TDWV) g plant-1, total plant leaf number (TPLN) and plant height (PH) cm plant-1; two field experiments wer MoreIn order to investigate relationships between leaf area (LA) cm2plant-1 with leaf dry weight ( LDW) g plant-1, total dry weight of vegetative organs (leaf + stem)(TDWV) g plant-1, total plant leaf number (TPLN) and plant height (PH) cm plant-1; two field experiments were conducted at research farm of Islamic Azad University, Ramhormoz Branch in 2006-2008 cropping seasons with 13 bread wheat cultivars(Atrak, Bayat, Chamran, Chenab, Dez, Ineia, Kavir, Marvdasht, Shiraz and S78-18) and two durum wheat (Yavaroos and shova-Mald) cultivars. The experimental design was randomized complete block with four replications. Various equations including linear and none-linear equations were used to describe relationships between leaf area and mentioned characteristics. The best results were obtained with linear form of power equation {ln(Y)=ln(a)+bln(x)}. Results showed that there was no significant difference between cultivars and in respect to coefficients of allometric relationships. So one equation was used for all cultivars in both years. Equation Y=219.2X0.96(R2=0.99) showed very good description of the estimation of leaf area (Y) Using LDW (X), Also according to equation Y=84.77X0.6 (R2=0.92) , leaf area using data of TDWV (X) was well estimated. although relationship between LA and PTLN was suitable but LA was estimated with less precision compared to LDW and TDWV (Y=1.34X1.57, R2=0.89). Estimation of leaf area Using data of PH was not well estimated. It was concluded that the equations could be used for estimation of leaf area especially when the leaf area meter device is not available or can be used in simulation models of wheat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
458 - Effect of Plant Density on Some Morphological Traits, Yield and Yield Components of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cultivars
Afshin Mokhtari Seyyed Gholamreza MoosaviTo study the effect of plant density on some morphological traits, oil percent, yield and yield components of sunflower cultivars, an experiment was conducted at Research Field of Birjand branch Islamic Azad University, Iran in 2009 as a split-plot experiment arranged o MoreTo study the effect of plant density on some morphological traits, oil percent, yield and yield components of sunflower cultivars, an experiment was conducted at Research Field of Birjand branch Islamic Azad University, Iran in 2009 as a split-plot experiment arranged on a randomized complete blocks design with three replication. In this research main plots were four sunflower cultivars (Progres, Hisan 36, Zaria and Star) and sub-plots were plant density (5, 7.5 and 10 plants. m-2). The results indicated that the effect of cultivar on morphological traits, yield and yield components and oil yield were significant. Also, all mentioned traits and oil percent were significantly affected by plant density with exception on leaf number per plant. Mean comparison also indicated that Progres cultivar was significantly superior for plant height, stem diameter, leaf number per plant, head diameter, 100- seed weight and harvest index as compared with other cultivars. Also, increased density from 5 to 10 plants. m-2 increased plant height and yields of seed, biological and oil, 13.2, 49.5, 67.5 and 64.8 % respectively, but significantly decreased seed number per head, 100-seed weight and harvest index, 14.8, 12.8 and 8.6 %, respectively. Overall, it is recommended to use Progres cultivar with the density of 10 plants. m-2 for the cultivation of sunflower under the conditions of the this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
459 - Effect of defiecit irrigation on yield, yield components and canopy temperature of triticale (XTriticosecal) genotypes
طاهره ایراندوست احسان بیژن زادهTo investigate the effect of terminal drought stress on yield, yield components and canopy temperature of triticale genotypes, a field experiment was conducted at Agriculture College and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University during 2013-2014 growing season. Trea MoreTo investigate the effect of terminal drought stress on yield, yield components and canopy temperature of triticale genotypes, a field experiment was conducted at Agriculture College and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University during 2013-2014 growing season. Treatments included (Common irrigation, deficit irrigation after flowering, milk development, and dough development stages), and triticale genotypes (Sanabad, ET-83-18, line 20, line 8 and line 10) were assigned in main factor and sub factor, respectively. The experiment was split plot as randomized complete block design with three replications. Sanabad cultivar with 336.1 had the highest spike number/m2 when exposed to deficit irrigation after flowering. No significant difference was observed between grain number per spike of deficit irrigation after flowering and milk development treatments in Sanabad, Line 20, and Line 10. Line 10 with 46.23 g and ET-83-18 with 34.83 had maximum and minimum 1000-kernel weight, under deficit irrigation after flowering, respectively. In all genotypes, canopy temperature in deficit irrigation after flowering and milk development treatments was more than common irrigation and Line 20 with 6423 kg/ha grain yield was the best genotype under deficit irrigation after flowering and had the lowest canopy temperature compared to other genotypes. It was concluded that canopy temperature can be a suitable tool in evaluation and selection of tolerant genotypes under water deficit condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
460 - Evaluation of Heat Stress Indices in Bread Wheat Genotypes
H. Sooghi N. Babaeian Gh. Ranjbar M.H. PahlevaniHeat stress is the most important factor that reducing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productionin in arid and semi-arid regions.Therefore, selecting heat tolerance cultivar is more neccessary. To evaluate indicators of heat tolerance in wheat, twenty four bread wheat gen MoreHeat stress is the most important factor that reducing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productionin in arid and semi-arid regions.Therefore, selecting heat tolerance cultivar is more neccessary. To evaluate indicators of heat tolerance in wheat, twenty four bread wheat genotypes were planted at two locations; Gorgan and Gonbad Agricultural Research Stations in two planting date (6th December and 6th March ) based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replicaties in 2012-13. To evaluate heat stress on grain yield traits, some indices such as stress sensitivity index (SSI), tolerance (TOL), geometric mean production (GMP), mean production (MP), stress tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), yield index (YI) and preference index (PI) were used. Results showed that grain yield in late planting date reduced by 39.8% and 34.5% in Gorgan and Gonbad, respectively. Mean grain yield in Gorgan for normal and late planting date were 499.2 and 198.8 gm-2,respectively. These values for Gonbad were 391.4 and 135.0 gm-2, respectively. Regarding to the fact that MP and STI indices are able to identify high yielding genotypes under both normal and stress conditions. in genral, grain yield decreased by 10% for every 1°C increase mean of temperature from 20°C to 26.4°C. According to result of current study, genotype 21 can be recommended as a desired genotype in normal and stress conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
461 - The Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen on Yield and Yield Components of two Sweet Corn Varieties in Yasouj Region
E. Afshar M. Afshar E. Afshar M.J. FereidooniIn order to study the influence of different levels of nitrogen and early and medium maturity cultivars on yield and yield components of sweet corn, an experiment was conducted in Yasouj region during summer 2011. The experiment was arranged in split plots based on rand MoreIn order to study the influence of different levels of nitrogen and early and medium maturity cultivars on yield and yield components of sweet corn, an experiment was conducted in Yasouj region during summer 2011. The experiment was arranged in split plots based on randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. Main plot included four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100, 150 Kg N ha-1) and sub plots included two early and medium maturity cultivars. Results showed that interaction of nitrogen and cultivar was significant on fresh ear yield. Application of 150 kg N ha-1 at medium maturity cultivar produced the highest fresh ear (1892 gr m-2) that was significant difference with other treatment. The treatment of 100 kg N ha-1 had the highest effect on grain yield (521.27 gr m-2) and medium maturity cultivar with of grain yield equals 498.57 gr m-2 was showed a higher yield than early cultivar. The highest thousand grain weight (141.99 gr) was obtained at 150 kg N ha-1 treatment. Also the highest fresh forage yield (2436.8 gr m-2) related to application of 150 kg N ha-1. Generally it seems that application of medium maturity cultivar and 150 kg N ha-1 due to maximum yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
462 - Assessing the relationship between leaf area and some vegetative characteristics in safflower
Benjamin ترابی ناصر دستفالی اصغر رحیمی افشین سلطانیTo find a quick and reliable method to estimate leaf area in safflower cv 'Local Esfahan', a factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design was conducted with four replicates and two factors included sowing date (5 and 25 April and 18 May) and plant de MoreTo find a quick and reliable method to estimate leaf area in safflower cv 'Local Esfahan', a factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design was conducted with four replicates and two factors included sowing date (5 and 25 April and 18 May) and plant density (15, 40, 65 and 90 pl/m-2). In the present study, leaf area was estimated through leaf number on main stem, node number on main stem, leaf dry weight and stem dry weight by the different regression models. Based on RMSE (root mean squares of error) and R2 (determinant coefficient) estimated for studied models, leaf dry weight was the best independent variable to estimate the leaf area. The relationship between leaf area and leaf dry weight described by a linear model. The values of RMSE varied between 24.39 and 61.35 for different densities and the values of R2 was higher than 0.96. This indicates that model could predict leaf area by leaf dry weight. It was found no significant difference between the slopes of linear model fitted on leaf area data against leaf dry weight. Therefore, a general model was fitted on these data using all densities and the values of the a and b coefficients were estimated as 9.7 and 108.7, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
463 - Influence of planting method and density on yield, yield components and oil percentage of rapeseed in different tillage systems
حبیباله رنجبر محمدرضا شجاع حسن سامعی Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh محمودرضا سالارIn current study, the effect of planting method and density was examined on yield, yield components as well as seed oil percentage of rapeseed (Hyola401) at three tillage systems in rice-field at Amol, Mazandaran during 2011-12. The treatments consisted of tillage syste MoreIn current study, the effect of planting method and density was examined on yield, yield components as well as seed oil percentage of rapeseed (Hyola401) at three tillage systems in rice-field at Amol, Mazandaran during 2011-12. The treatments consisted of tillage systems at three levels: no-tillage, minimum tillage and conventional tillage as main factor, planting method at two levels: hand-sowing and row planter as sub factor and seeding density at three levels: 6, 9 and 12 kg ha-1 as sub-sub factor. The results showed that in all treatments the highest seed yield was obtained by applying minimum tillage method; so that grain yield at minimum tillage was greater by 20.8% and 96.4% compared to conventional and no tillage systems, respectively. The seeding methods (hand-sowing and row planter) had no significant effect on seed yield. The mean squares of oil seed percentage and 1000 seed weight in any of applied treatment were no significant suggesting the stability of these traits in relation to applied treatments. Overall, use of 9 kg ha-1 seed, especially by row planter under conservation systems was necessary for achieving the best result. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
464 - Evaluation of the effect of different levels of plant density and N fertilizer on yield and yield components of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)
یدالله قادری محمد مقدمThis experiment was conducted to assay the effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilization on growth and yield of cumin during growing season 2012 at field experimental of Nasra conservatory in Golge Rokh Torbat Heydarei. The experiment was done as factorial based on MoreThis experiment was conducted to assay the effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilization on growth and yield of cumin during growing season 2012 at field experimental of Nasra conservatory in Golge Rokh Torbat Heydarei. The experiment was done as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications; which factors included four levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha) and three levels of plant density (50, 67 and 100 plant/m2). The results variance analysis showed that the effect of nitrogen fertilization and planting density had significant effect on yield and yield components of cumin. The highest plant height and seed per plant were obtained from 67 plant/m2 with 50 kg/ha N treatment. While the highest number of primary shoot, number of umbel and 1000 seed weight were obtained from 50 plant/m2 with 50 kg/ha N treatment and the highest seed yield was obtained from 50 plant/m2 with 0 kg/ha N fertilizer. In conclusion, plant density of 50 plant/m2 and application of lower amount (50 kg/ha) or without N fertilizer is sutiable for the maximum of growth and seed yield of cumin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
465 - Effect of bio fertilizers and nano zinc on yield and yield components of maize(Zea mays L.).
Arash Roozbahani mahsa zarandiTo study the effects of bio fertilizers and Nano zinc and their interactions on yield and yield components, this survey was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013 at Natural Resource Research Institute in Damavan MoreTo study the effects of bio fertilizers and Nano zinc and their interactions on yield and yield components, this survey was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013 at Natural Resource Research Institute in Damavand city. In this experiment factors including biological fertilizer and chemical fertilizers at four levels including control or without the use of chemical and bio fertilizers, bio fertilizers application only(Nitragin),applying chemical fertilizers(100%dose) recommended based on soil test, chemical fertilizer(75%dose) recommended based on soil test and bio fertilizers (Nitragin) application and zinc fertilizer treatment including three levels control or no application zinc ,application of chelated zinc and application of Nano zinc respectively. The results showed the impact of bio fertilizers combined with chemical fertilizer was significant in all traits. Between chemical and bio fertilizers levels, 75% chemical fertilizer + nitragin had the highest number of seeds per row, grain yield and biological yield and had the greatest impact than the other levels. The results showed the impact of zinc fertilizer on the number of rows, grain yield and biological yield was significant. Also interaction effects of treatments on number of seeds per row and biological yield were significant. The results of this study indicate that the use of bio fertilizers in combination with chemical fertilizers on improve the yield and yield components of maize and also in order to sustain production and environmental protection had a positive impact and it seems bio fertilizers are a suitable alternative for chemical fertilizers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
466 - Effects of methyl jasmonate and phosphorus on PAL activitity, flavonoids and some physiological parameters in leaves and fruit of red pepper
کلثوم شمس الدینی بتول کرامت حسین مظفریJasAbstract Jasmonates are naturally occurring plant growth regulators, which can affect many physiological and biochemical processes in higher plants. Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. It plays a fundamental role in metabolism and en MoreJasAbstract Jasmonates are naturally occurring plant growth regulators, which can affect many physiological and biochemical processes in higher plants. Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. It plays a fundamental role in metabolism and energy production in plants. In this study, the effects of methyl jasmonate (0, 50 and 100 μM) and phosphoru (0, 2 and 4 mM) on dry weight, chlorophyll content, flavonoids content and phenylalanine ammonia- lyase (PAL) activity in leaves and fruits of red pepper plants in the reproductive stage were examined. The results showed that methyl jasmonate and phosphorus (in both concentrations) significantly increased the dry weight of treated plants compared to control. Moreover, using of both methyl jasmonate(50 µM) and phosphorus (2, 4 mM) led to increase in chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll content compared with control plants. Application of 50 μM MJ with 2 and 4 mM phosphorus enhanced flavonoid content in leaves while in fruit, MJ 100 Μm with 4 Mm of phosphorus effective treatments. PAL activity analysis revealed that methyl jasmonate(100 µM) in combination with phosphorus (4 mM) increased the activity of this enzyme in fruit pepper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
467 - Effect of humic acid application on agronomic characteristics of some varieties of clover (Trifolium sp.)
علی تدین مجتبی ظفریانIn order to evaluate the effect of humic acid application on agronomic characteristics of some varieties of clover (Trifolium sp.), a field experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replicates at Research Field of Faculty MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of humic acid application on agronomic characteristics of some varieties of clover (Trifolium sp.), a field experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replicates at Research Field of Faculty of Agriculture, Shahr-e-Kord University, Shahr-e-Kord, Iran in 2013. Three varieties of clover (Bersim, Haftchin (Persian) and Kermanshahi) were considered as the first factor and three levels of humic acid applications [control (without humic acid), 5 and 10 lha-1] as the second factors. Results showed that shoot dry weight, dry weight per plant, root and shoot dry weight per plant, plant height, number of leaves and stem diameter were affected by interaction effect of variety×humic acid. First and Second time of harvest had 57% and 43% of the most values of treatments, respectively. Haftchin and Kermanshahi varieties had the highest and Bersim had the lowest values of the treatments. Humic acid with 10 l ha-1 produced the highest values of measured treatments. In general, application of 10 liter humic acid per ha produced the highest values of shoot dry weight by 3410 and 3800 kg ha-1 in Kermanshahi and Haftchin varieties, respectively. Bersim produced the lowest value of shoot dry weight by 686 kg ha-1. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
468 - Study of the role of physiographic factors for planting Pisum Sativa in Golestan province
Mahdi Tarashi Ali Rahemi Karizaki Abbas Biabani Mohammad Salahi farahiThe development and preservation of ecological balance will be achieved when used from the land in accordance with its capabilities. Accordingly, identifying the capabilities of the land before loading various activities is very important. Otherwise, many of the investm MoreThe development and preservation of ecological balance will be achieved when used from the land in accordance with its capabilities. Accordingly, identifying the capabilities of the land before loading various activities is very important. Otherwise, many of the investments will be wasted. As a result, assessing the land use potential for planting different crops is the first strategic priority for increasing production and optimizing resource consumption. In order to study the role of physiographic factors in the ecological capability of Golestan province for the planting of peas, geographic information system and weighted linear combination method were used. Agricultural needs and geological variables including soil texture, elevation, slope and aspect are determined from the available scientific resources, grading and required maps were prepared. For data standardization, fuzzy logic was used and we used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to weigh the criteria. Finally, using the weighted linear combination (WLC) method in the TerrSet software environment, a potential mapping plan for peas was prepared. The results of the weighting of the criteria with the AHP method showed that the slope with the maximum of 0.2790 and the elevation had the lowest coefficients of 0.1038. Also, the results showed that a large part of the agricultural lands located in the province center (70.51%) has suitable conditions for the planting of peas and 6.08% of the total area of land is less suitable and 7.2% is half suitable, which includes lands Located in the mountainous and highlands of the province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
469 - Growth and physiological reactions of common bean cv. Sanry in response to salicylic acid and biostimulants under different irrigation regimes
Zahra Ghahremani Taher Barzegar Jaefar Nikbakht Zahra GhahramaniIn order to study the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) and biostimulants on growth, physiological characters, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration and pod yield of common bean cv. Sanry under different irrigation regimes, the experiment wa MoreIn order to study the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) and biostimulants on growth, physiological characters, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration and pod yield of common bean cv. Sanry under different irrigation regimes, the experiment was conducted split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replicates in research filed of university of Zanjan during 2015. Three different irrigation (I) regimes (100, 75 and 50% ETc) and foliar application of salicylic acid (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM), Megafol (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% MF) and to distilled water as control were conducted. The results showed that water deficit stress significantly reduced growth and pod yield. Foliar application of SA and MF enhanced growth and fruit yield. The irrigation × foliar treatments interactions results suggested that maximum leaf number (43.1), leaf area (2729.3 cm-2) and pod yield (6193.9 kg.ha-1) was obtained using MF 0.2% under I100 %ETc. Plants sprayed with SA 1.5mM and MF 0.2% exhibited higher stomatal conductance (205.27 mM.m-2s-1) under I100 %ETc. The highest N (2.47%), P (181.6 ppm) and K (0.88%) concentration was found in plants sprayed with MF 0.2%, SA 1mM and MF 0.3%, respectively under I100 %ETc. According to the results, MF 0.2% and SA 0.5 mM had the highest effects on growth and pod yield under water deficit stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
470 - Evaluation of yield, yield components and nitrate leaching in soybean cultivation affected by different types of fertilizers and weed interference
Mahmood Ramroudi Javad Mahmoudi Mehdi Dahmarde Mohammad GalaviAmong the several factors reducing plants yield, weed interference has great important. To investigate the effect of fertilizer types and weeds management on yield, yield components and nitrate leaching in soybean an experiment was conducted as split plots in randomized MoreAmong the several factors reducing plants yield, weed interference has great important. To investigate the effect of fertilizer types and weeds management on yield, yield components and nitrate leaching in soybean an experiment was conducted as split plots in randomized complete block design with three replications in Chalus city in summer of 2013 and 2014. Fertilizers types including chemical fertilizer, manure and nano-chelates spraying as the main plot and weed control in three levels including emergence to flowering, critical period of weed interference and no weeding were considered as sub-plots. The results showed that yield with weeding during the critical period as well as weeding until flowering was achieved in a statistical group and were significantly more than non-control treatment. The highest weeds dry weight was obtained in gweed infested treatment and increasing in weed control time caused their weight loss. Among the fertilizer treatments, the highest dry weed weight was observed by chemical fertilizer application. Maximum nitrate concentration at a soil depth of 80-100 cm were obtained by using chemical fertilizer. Weeds dry weight increased and the nitrate concentration decreased when the weeds control duration was reduced. In general, the results showed that weed control during the critical period increased the grain yield by increasing the yield components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
471 - Effect of drought stress and zinc sulfate spraying on growth, yield and photosynthetic pigments in wheat cultivar Alvand
abbas fallahDrought stress is a major contributor to decrease growth and yield of wheat that decline the absorption of micronutrients especially zinc from the soil. This experiment was carried out as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications to invest MoreDrought stress is a major contributor to decrease growth and yield of wheat that decline the absorption of micronutrients especially zinc from the soil. This experiment was carried out as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications to investigate the effect of zinc sulfate on increasing tolerance to drought stress in wheat, at research farm of Fereydunshahr, Esfahan province in 2016-2017. Treatments included drought stress at 50, 75 and 90% field capacity (FC) and zinc sulfate solution at zero (control), 0.5% and 1% in three stages (tillering, stem elongation, flag leaf appearance). In this experiment, drought stress significantly reduced plant height, number of spikes per square meter, 1000-seed weight, spike length, biological yield, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and protein. Irrigation in 50% of crop capacity (severe stress) increased the amount of proline by 41.24% compared to control. Zinc sulfate solution (1%) significantly increased all parameters including seed yield (2602.3 kg/ha), biological yield (7603 kg/ha), protein (13.04%) and Proline (35.03 μM/g fresh weight). In the interaction of zinc sulfate solution (1%), under severe stress conditions, chlorophyll b was increased by 34.85% relative to non-soluble spray. In general, foliar application of zinc decreased harmful effects of oxidative stress due to water deficit stress and improved growth conditions for plants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
472 - Effect of nitrogen rates and irrigation intervals on yield and yield components of Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochonriacus) in Saatlou region of Urmia
Naser Jafarzadeh Nooshin NezamabadiConsidering the important role of amaranth as a precious nutrition source with high potential and restrictions of regional water resources , this experiment was conducted with the aim of studying the effects of different irrigation intervals and nitrogen levels on some MoreConsidering the important role of amaranth as a precious nutrition source with high potential and restrictions of regional water resources , this experiment was conducted with the aim of studying the effects of different irrigation intervals and nitrogen levels on some morphological characteristics and forage yield of amaranth. This experiment was carried out at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of West Azarbayjan in 2016. Experimental design was based on randomized complete blocks in a split plot arrangement with three replications. The main factors were irrigation intervals (7, 11, and 15 days) and the sub factors were nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg of pure N ha-1). Results showed that irrigation intervals and nitrogen levels had significant) effects on plant height, number of leaf per plant, weight of leaf, weight of shoot, and biological yield of amaranth. Increasing irrigation intervals from 11 to 15 days reduced 25 percent of amaranth forage yield. Additionally, with the increase of nitrogenlevel we found an increase in features of the yield including the plant height, leaf number, leaf weight, and forage yield. Applying 60 kg nitrogen/ha increased 26 % in plant height, 13 % leaf number, 15 % leaf weight, 25 % stem weight and 38 % in forage yield compared to control. Therefore, 11 days irrigation interval, and 60 kg/ha nitrogen can be suggested to increase amaranth yield at Urmia conditions . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
473 - The Effect of Planting Dates and Rice Residue Application (Mulch) on Growth and Yield of Cranberry Bean
رقیه قربانی محمد نقی صفرزاده ویشکاییPlanting data and soil moisture retention are the most important factors influencing the increase crop yield. In order to evaluate the effect of planting dates and rice residue application (mulch) on growth and yield of cranberry bean, a factorial experiment arranged in MorePlanting data and soil moisture retention are the most important factors influencing the increase crop yield. In order to evaluate the effect of planting dates and rice residue application (mulch) on growth and yield of cranberry bean, a factorial experiment arranged in a complete blocks design with three replications was conducted in Koochesfehan (Rasht, Iran). The factors were planting dates 3 levels (23 April, 30 April and 7 May) and mulch application with 2 levels (with mulch, without mulch). Results indicated that planting dates had significant effect on parameters, exactly number of green pods had significant effect on parameters, exactly number of green seeds, number of flowers, biological and productivity score. Interaction between planting dates and mulch had significant effect on number of dry seeds, number of root nodules, dry seed yield, biological yield and productivity score. Comparison of means indicated that first planting date had the highest effect on parameters; number of green seeds (29.79), number of dry seeds (30.03) and number of flowers (16) per plant, dry pod yield (1139.58 Kg/ha) and harvest index (47.93%). Mulch application had the highest effect on parameters; number of green pod per plant (8.33), pod yield (1085.28 Kg/ha) and harvest index (42.68%). Overall the first planting date (23 April) and application of mulch had higher effect on dry seed yield and productivity score of cranberry bean. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
474 - Study the efficiency of zeolite in reduce the effect of drought stress on agronomical traits and seed yield of rapeseed in Karaj region
Samaneh Motaghi لیلا متقی امیرحسین شیرانی راد امید لطفی فرTo study the effect of zeolite use on growth characteristics and yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus) under drought stress, a split factorial experiment in a randomized complete blocks design was conducted with four replications in Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in MoreTo study the effect of zeolite use on growth characteristics and yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus) under drought stress, a split factorial experiment in a randomized complete blocks design was conducted with four replications in Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Karaj.In this study,there were three irrigation regimes (Irrigation after40,60and80% soil water deficit, as non-stress, low stress and high stress, respectively) and use of zeolites in two levels (0and10tons per ha zeolite) arranged in factorial in main plots and four genotypes of rapeseed (Line KR4 and Eldo and GKH 305 and Anatol cultivars) in sub-plots. The means compression revealed that water stress leads to significant decrease in plant height, stem diameter, number of branches per plant, length and number of silique per main stems and branches, seed numbers in main and second silique, dry matter and seed yield. Two moderate and severe water stress caused to59and86%reduction in seed yield. But use of zeolite caused to significant increase in the above mentioned traits. The interaction of zeolite and water stress results also indicated zeolite efficiency increased with increasing water restrictions and finally zeolite efficiency was27,64and94 percent in seed production in non-stress, moderate and severe stress, respectively. Although under non stress condition KR4 line and GKH305 cultivar had the highest seed yield in use and non-use of zeolite,respectively. Under medium and severe stress,Anatol had the highest yield.So use of zeolite, especially in severe stressby keep soil water and decrease the effect of stress on yield components, can increase seed yield of rapeseed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
475 - Effects of of nitrogen fertilizer and growth promoting rhizobacteria on yield and yield component of fennel (Foeniculum vulgar Mill.)
abbas valibeigi zohrab adaviOne of the fundamental principle in sustainable agriculture is use of bio-fertilizers in agro-ecosystems in order to eliminate or reduce the use of chemical inputs. In order to evaluate the effect of application of nitrogen fertilizer and growth promoting rhizobacteria MoreOne of the fundamental principle in sustainable agriculture is use of bio-fertilizers in agro-ecosystems in order to eliminate or reduce the use of chemical inputs. In order to evaluate the effect of application of nitrogen fertilizer and growth promoting rhizobacteria on fennel on yield and yield component, a factorial experiment conducted on the basis of completely randomized block design with three replicates at Agricultural Research Station of Ilam in the spring of 2015. Experimental treatments were seed inoculation with biofertilizer (Azospirillum/Azotobacter) at two levels (seed inoculation and non inoculation) and nitrogen chemical fertilizer at four levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg/ha-1). With increasing N consumption from 0 to 120 kg/ha-1 of the recommended, significantly increased plant height, number of branches per plant, umbels per plant, number of seed per umbel, 1000-seed weight, biological yield and seed yield up to 15.4, 14.7, 13.8, 11.6, 12.9, 18.3 and 16.5 percent, respectively. Also, in comparison with non-inoculation treatment, inoculation treatment increased number of branches per plant, umbels per plant and 1000- seed weight up to 16.2, 15.5 and 11.5 percent, respectively. Mean comparisons for interaction of N fertilizer × biofertilizer indicated that the treatment of seed inoculation with consumption of 40 kg/ha-1 recommended N, produced the highest seed yield. On the other hand, this treatment in addition to produce satisfactory yield, considerably decreased nitrogen fertilizer consumption which could be a step toward healthy production and sustainable agriculture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
476 - Evaluating non-linear regression models in growth analysis of Cucurbita pepo L.
hamideh khalaj mohammadreza LabbafiThis study was carried out to evaluate the growth of Cucurbita pepo L. using nonlinear regression models. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Research Farm of Abouraihan Campus, University of Tehran during the MoreThis study was carried out to evaluate the growth of Cucurbita pepo L. using nonlinear regression models. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Research Farm of Abouraihan Campus, University of Tehran during the 2013 growing season. The planting dates were April 20th, June 20th and July 20th. In order to study the growth analysis, leaf area and dry weight changes were measured. Eight models were used to describe the dry weight variations (Logistic, Gompertz, Richards, Weibull, Linear Expression, Symmetric Linear and Beta 1 and 2 models), and three models (logistic, Gompertz and beta) were used to describe the trend of leaf area changes. The results showed that all models well described the changes in dry weight and leaf area (day after planting) and can be used in growth analysis studies. In this research, a beta-1 model was used in all three planting dates to estimate leaf area and dry matter index. Among the planting dates, the highest leaf area index and dry matter were produced in April 20th and June 20th with 1.78 and 1379 g / m2, respectively. The best time to plant of C. pepo L. in the Varamin is June. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
477 - Effects of different urea and vermicompost rates on yield and essential oil contents of two dill (Anethum graveolens L.) cultivars
nastooh safikhani zohrab adavi cyrus mansourifarUsing organic fertilizers to replace or considerably reduce the use of chemical fertilizers leads to an increase in the quality and performance of the sustainable production of crops. A field experiment based on randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with three replic MoreUsing organic fertilizers to replace or considerably reduce the use of chemical fertilizers leads to an increase in the quality and performance of the sustainable production of crops. A field experiment based on randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with three replications was carried out to compare application of vermicompost, urea and their combinations in Agricultural Education and Medicinal Plant Research Center of Isfahan province during 2016. Five levels of fertilizers: control, 100% vermicompost (3429 kg ha-1), 66.6% vermicompost + 33.3% urea (86.86 kg ha-1 urea + 2283.71 kg ha-1 vermicompost), 66.6% urea + 33.3% vermicompost (173.73 kg ha-1 urea + 1141.85 kg ha-1 vermicompost) and 100% urea (260.86 kg ha-1) were used in two cultivars of dill (Varamin and Isfahani). The results indicated that 66.6% and 33.3% urea vermicompost increased the number of umbel (13.6 %), 1000-seed weight (19.3 %), plant dry weight (21.9 %), grain yield (33.4 %), harvest index (18.5%) and essential oil yield (27.5%) compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, the highest percentages of essential oil percentage (0.80%), d-Carvone (91.49%) and linalool (2.61%) were obtained related to 100% vermicompost. Therefore, using integrated chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer application without significant decline in yield quantity and quality, could be decreased consume chemical fertilizer and its impacts on environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
478 - Interaction Between Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Drought Stress on Photosynthetic Pigments and Yield in Four Wheat Cultivars
Saeed Samsami forood Bazrafshan Mahdi Zare Bahram Amiri Abdollah BahraniEffect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, flavonoid, yield and yield components of four wheat cultivars in two locations (Kudian and Nasrabad, Fars province, Iran) were investigated. The experiment was conducted as sp MoreEffect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, flavonoid, yield and yield components of four wheat cultivars in two locations (Kudian and Nasrabad, Fars province, Iran) were investigated. The experiment was conducted as split plot in a randomized complete block design with two main irrigation levels (normal and interrupted irrigation at the stem stage). Four wheat cultivars (Shiroodi, Chamran 2, Chamran matri, and Siamran) and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 120, 240 and 360 kg ha-1) with three replications were used as sub-factors. Grain yield traits, number of grains per spike, number of spikes per square meter, 1000-grain weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and flavonoid pigments were evaluated. The results showed that drought stress reduced chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, flavonoid, yield and yield components. Drought stress reduced grain yield by 29% but application of 120, 240 and 360 kg ha-1 nitrogen increased yield by 25, 32 and 15%, respectively. Therefore, the use of 240 kg nitrogen could be useful for these cultivars in both drought and non-stress conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
479 - Effect of silicon and Nitrocara bio-fertilizer on morpho-physiological parameters of wheat under different irrigation regimes
Mehrdad Arab Aval Ha,mid Reza GanjaliIn order to study the effect of silicon foliar application and Nitrocara biofertilizer on some morpho-physiological traits of wheat under different irrigation regimes, an experiment was conducted as a factorial split-plot, during two cropping years in research farm of I MoreIn order to study the effect of silicon foliar application and Nitrocara biofertilizer on some morpho-physiological traits of wheat under different irrigation regimes, an experiment was conducted as a factorial split-plot, during two cropping years in research farm of Islamic Azad University, Zabol Branch, Iran. Experimental treatments included water stress (irrigation regimes after water depletion of 50, 75, and 90% of field capacity) in the main plots and silicon acid foliar application at three levels of 0, 1 and 1.5 mM and Nitrocara biofertilizer in two levels of inoculation and non-inoculation (one liter per hectare as seed) in subplots were assessed. The results showed that the non-inoculate seeds with Nitrocara under 50% irrigation regime and seed inoculation under 75% irrigation regime in the second year of the experiment resulted in the highest wheat grain yield with an average of 1901.5 and 1892.3 g/m2, respectively. The highest total biomass was related to the inoculation of seeds with Nitrocara along with the use of 1 mM silicon in the second year of the experiment under irrigation regime of 50% moisture depletion (8793.3 g/m2). In general, under low irrigation conditions, the use of Nitrocara biofertilizer as well as silicon foliar application led to improved physiological parameters and increased growth and yield indices of wheat in Sistan climatic conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
480 - Study response of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids to drought stress using physiological and stress tolerance indices
mohammad moradi Seyed Sajad Hosseini FalehiDrought is the most important environmental stress in agriculture and improving yield maize under drought is a major goal of plant breeding. In order to evalutiaon 15 hybrids under normal and water stress regimes (irrigated after 90±5 and 135±5 mm evaporat MoreDrought is the most important environmental stress in agriculture and improving yield maize under drought is a major goal of plant breeding. In order to evalutiaon 15 hybrids under normal and water stress regimes (irrigated after 90±5 and 135±5 mm evaporation from class A pan for normal and water stress conditions, respectively), a study was conducted at Dezful in Khuzestan Province, during 2014 growing seasons, using RCBD with three replications. The results of the variance analysis showed that differences among the genotypes, in terms of all indices and yield in normal and drought stress conditions were significant. Highly significant correlations were found between the grain yield and some physiological traits in drought stress condition, such as RWC and root weight, So these traits can be reliable criteria for the selection of tolerant genotypes with prospect to higher yields. Results of correlation between defferente drought tolerance indices with grain yield in both conditions (normal and water stress) showed that MP, GMP and STI were a successful index to select high yield and tolerante genotypes. Based on this indices and the results of the biplot diagram and cluster analysis the crosses SD/17×SD/15, SD/3×SD/17, CML×SD/3 and CML×SD/17 had the best drought tolerance and the crosses SD/10×SD/704, SD/15×SD/704 and SD/17×SD/10 were high sensitivity to drought and can be identified as the most sensitive hybrids to drought. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
481 - Effect of drought stress and salicylic acid on morphological characteristics and essence yield of Dill (Anethum graveolens L.)
nader omidvar mona dastori abdolraza jafariIn order to evaluate of effect drought stress and salicylic acid on yield and growth parameters and essence of Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) a greenhouse experiment was conducted as factorial arrangement base on (CRD)with four replications in Saffashar city in 2011. The MoreIn order to evaluate of effect drought stress and salicylic acid on yield and growth parameters and essence of Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) a greenhouse experiment was conducted as factorial arrangement base on (CRD)with four replications in Saffashar city in 2011. The first factor consisted of three levels of drought stress (irrigation at field capacity during the growing period, drought stress medium with 2/3 field capacity in both vegetative and flowering stages and severe drought 1/3 field capacity at flowering stage) and the second factor consisted of four concentration of salicylic acid (0, 100, 200, and 300 mg of salicylic acid per liter). Results showed that maximum plant height, shoot dry weight and shot fresh weight can be related to irrigation treatments at field capacity. The lowest measured traits were among the different irrigation treatments on drought stress, with 1/3 field capacity at the flowering stage. Maximum percent ofessence was related to drought stress treatment on 1/3 field capacity at flowering stage and the highest essence yield were obtained to mild and severe drought stress (irrigation at 2/3 field capacity and 1/3 field capacity). Salicylic acid application results showed that the highest fresh and dry weight and essence and essence yield obtained in 300 mg per liter of salicylic acid, and the least was in control. The highest essence yield per hectare was obtained in 2/3 field capacity in both vegetative and flowering stages and the appropriate time could be achieved in both essence percent and essence yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
482 - The evaluation of efficiency selective herbicide and time of application on weed control wild oat (Avena ludoviciana L) in wheat fields
Kh. Taheri H.R. Ebrahimi A. JafariIn order to evaluate selective herbicides at different times on wild oat control in wheat field, a factorial experiment in terms of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications was conducted at Marvdasht, Fars during planting seasons in 2011-12. Four s MoreIn order to evaluate selective herbicides at different times on wild oat control in wheat field, a factorial experiment in terms of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications was conducted at Marvdasht, Fars during planting seasons in 2011-12. Four selective and common herbicides (Atlantis OD (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium), Total (metsulfuron methyl and sulfosulfuron), Topic (Clodinafop propargyl( and Puma Super (Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl) and four application times (6-8 leaf stage of wheat, early tillering, mid-tillering and early jointing stage) were considered as the first and second factors, respectively. Results showed that there was significant difference between the times of application and selective herbicides to control wild oat weeds (p > 0.05). The results of mean comparison in relation to the application times revealed that the highest and the lowest control levels of wild oat weed were in the stages of mid-tillering and early jointing, respectively. The findings in relation to the selective herbicides also showed that the highest dry weight (DW) of weeds was obtained in both of Topic and Puma Super herbicides. The lowest DW of wild oat weed was observed in both Atlantis OD and Total herbicides. The results of yield and yield components showed that the highest grain yield obtained when the herbicide was applied at mid-Tillering stage. Herbicide application at the jointing stage due to lack of proper control of weeds led to a decrease in wheat yield level. Application of Atlantis OD herbicide at 6-8 leaf stage of wheat can cause severe burning of wheat and thus may decrease its yield. In general, it is recommended that acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase family of herbicides which has a high degree of resistance to weeds not to be used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
483 - Study the acclimation of chicory (cichorium intybus L.) ecotypes under water stress in Badjgah region of Shiraz
M.J. Abbasi M. Jahani Doghozloo H. Pirasteh-Anosheh S.A. Kazemeini M. TaghvaeiWater deficit is one of the most important limiting factor affecting plant growth and productivity in arid and semi-arid regions in crop plants. In this field research, the effect of four irrigation intervals including 5, 8, 11 and 14 days were examined on growth, yield MoreWater deficit is one of the most important limiting factor affecting plant growth and productivity in arid and semi-arid regions in crop plants. In this field research, the effect of four irrigation intervals including 5, 8, 11 and 14 days were examined on growth, yield and essential oil of four chicory ecotypes including Shiraz White, Shiraz Black, Isfahan White and Isfahan Black. The experiment was carried out as split plot arranged in complete randomized block design at College of Agriculture, Shiraz University (Badjgah) in 2013. The results showed that water stress, due to enhanced irrigation interval, decreased leaf area, leaf dry weight, root dry weight and total plant dry weight. Leaf area and dry weight, root dry weight and total plant dry weight in sever water stress were decreased by 40.3, 46.2, 37.8 and 45.8% compared to no stress conditions, respectively. Besides, increased irrigation intervals from 5 or 8 to 11 and 14 days increased amount of essential oil content in all ecotypes. Increased irrigation interval from 5 to 14 days reduced total dry weight of Shiraz White, Shiraz Black, Isfahan White and Isfahan Black ecotypes by 47.9, 56.1, 22.4 and 53.6%, respectively. Although growth and essential oil of Shiraz White and Shiraz Black ecotypes were greater; however, Isfahan White and Isfahan Black ecotypes had the lower sensitivity to water stress. Therefore, in conditions similar to the study, planting of Shiraz and Isfahan ecotypes under normal irrigation and water deficit conditions, are needed to more attentions, respectively. ont-family:"B Lotus"'>اصفهان شد. اگرچه رشد و اسانس اکوتیپهای سیاه و سفید شیراز بیشتر بود، ولی اکوتیپهای سیاه و سفید اصفهان حساسیت کمتری به تنش آبی نشان دادند. بنابراین، در شرایط اقلیمی مشابه با منطقه باجگاه، اکوتیپهای شیراز و اصفهان به ترتیب برای کشت در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب و کمآبیاری نیازمند بررسی بیشتر هستند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
484 - Evaluation of the Tolerance of Four Pistachio Rootstocks to Salinity Stress Based on Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Parameters
Samanah Hakimnejad Hamid reza Karimi Seyyed Rasoul Sahhafi Majid Esmaeilizadeh(new) -
Open Access Article
485 - Effect of Sulfur on Toxigenic Aspergillus flavus In Vitro
Arezou Kazemi Ebrahim Sedaghati Seyed Reza Fani Mohammad Moradi Marieh Nadi -
Open Access Article
486 - Effects of Location in the Tree Canopy on Some Quality Characteristics of Fresh Pistachio Fruit
Behzad Saffari HamidReza Akhavan -
Open Access Article
487 - Sonophotocatalytic degradation of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles
Naser Sadeghpour Orang Reza Abdollahi -
Open Access Article
488 - Evaluation of the Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Cultivar on Morphological Traits on Corn Biomass in Isfahan
MOHAMMAD BAKHSHIAN HOSSEIN HEIDARI SHARIFABAD -
Open Access Article
489 - Clustering Different Greenhouse Pepper Varieties Based on Some Morphological and Fruit Yield
Maryam Golabadi ABDOL-REZA EGHTEDARI HAMED GHOLAMI MOJTABA MAHDAVI -
Open Access Article
490 - Evaluation of Morphological Traits in Some Castor Plant Genotypes in Isfahan Climate Condition
SHAHLA ETEBARIAN HOSSEIN ALI ASADI-GHARNEH -
Open Access Article
491 - Effect of Cutting Height and Seed Cutting Date on Grain yield and Yield Components in Berseem Clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)
MAHNAZ BOVAIRI alireza shokoohfar GHOLAM REZA ABADOUZ -
Open Access Article
492 - Effect of the silicon fertilizers spray on agronomical characteristics of Anbarbo rice in salinity field of Bahnamir
Allahyar FallahSpray of silicon fertilizer has common in field of rice production affected by salinity. In order to study of effect of liquid silicon fertilizers on yield of Anbarbo rice variety in salty soil of Ghaemiheh village of Bahnamier, a field experiment was carried out with t MoreSpray of silicon fertilizer has common in field of rice production affected by salinity. In order to study of effect of liquid silicon fertilizers on yield of Anbarbo rice variety in salty soil of Ghaemiheh village of Bahnamier, a field experiment was carried out with three replicates base on random completely block design. Treatment included liquid silicon fertilizer, nano silicon and potassium silicate with 2, 4, 6 ml/L concentration and check (no using silicon) were total 10 treatments. Silicon fertilizer spray was done at 25 and 50 days after transplanting. Characters of plant height, panicle number per hill, filled, empty and total grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight and yield were measured at physiological maturity stage. The results showed that spray of liquid silicon fertilizer with 6 ml/L was caused increasing of plant height and decreasing of empty grain per panicle. Potassium silicate fertilizer was caused more panicle number per hill. The highest total grain per panicle was obtained in nano silicate fertilizer of 6 ml/L. Using of silicon fertilizer was increased 10-20 percent of yield and yield components. The highest yield was related to liquid silicon fertilizer with 6 ml/L treatment (3265 Kg/ha). Efficiency of liquid silicon fertilizer was more than nano and potassium silicate fertilizers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
493 - Evaluation of Source and Sink relationship in two sunflower hybrids
M. Yarnia A. RahmatiStudy of sink-source relation has a high value on phloem loading by sucrose and show that which of the source production capacity or sink acceptance capacity has the higher effect on yield. Then a RCBD base on factorial experiment with two sunflower hybrids (Azargol and MoreStudy of sink-source relation has a high value on phloem loading by sucrose and show that which of the source production capacity or sink acceptance capacity has the higher effect on yield. Then a RCBD base on factorial experiment with two sunflower hybrids (Azargol and Alstar) and four seed elimination (without elimination, one third of anthodium lateral seeds, one third of anthodium middle seeds, and one third of anthodium central seeds) were conducted with three replications during 2004 in Tabriz. Seed elimination was done after full pollination. Results showed that there were significant differences between two hybrids in all characters, except 1000 kernel weight and seed thickness. 1000 kernel weight and seed dimensions increased by seed elimination but kernel/grain ratio decreased. Azargol and Alstar shoved 3.9 % and 6.9 % increasing in 1000 kernel weight respectively. 1000 kernel weight in control was 75.43 grams and in one third of anthodium lateral seeds, one third of anthodium middle seeds and one third of anthodium central seed were 81.37, 78.83 and 78.21 gr, respectively. Increasing 1000 kernel weight in elimination levels in related to control showed the source limitation of these hybrids and there was higher source limitation in Alstar than Azargol. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
494 - Comparison between grain yield and yield components of sweet corn hybrids at different sowing dates in Arak environment
Hamid Madani Marzieh GHasemiThe present research was conducted in order to investigate and compare the yield and yield components of hybrid cultivars of sweet corn in different sowing dates as split plot with 4 replications in complete random blocks at Islamic Azad University, Arak branch, in 2008 MoreThe present research was conducted in order to investigate and compare the yield and yield components of hybrid cultivars of sweet corn in different sowing dates as split plot with 4 replications in complete random blocks at Islamic Azad University, Arak branch, in 2008. The treatments include date of sowing as main factor (09 June 2008, 20 June 2008 and 01 July 2008) and the cultivar as the subsidiary factor (Merit, Chase, Ksc.404, Ksc.403). The results indicate that sowing date has affected on grain yield, plant height, grain number in row, 1000 grain seeds and biologic yield; and the differences were statistically significant. The studies reveal that the effect of sowing date and cultivar on number of rows in was not statistically significant and it was not affected by sowing date and cultivar. In addition, among the studied cultivars, the cultivar Ksc.404 showed more privileges compared to the other studied cultivars such that in the matters of height, grain yield, grain number in row, 1000 grain weight and the biologic yield, the highest specifications were attributed to it and grain yield in maize harvested in the stage equivalent cultivar KSC.404 by 4.76 t/h and 1000 grain weight by 190.8 gr compared to the other were higher than other cultivars which has been studied. The results of this experience show that the date of sowing on 09 June, 2008 and the cultivar Ksc.404 were the most suitable sowing date and cultivar, respectively, according to this region's climate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
495 - Effect of Humic Acid and Putassium Fertilizer on Growth feature of Mallow (Malva sylvestris L.)
I. Bahremand K. Bakhsh Kelarestaghi N. AsgariIn order to determine the effect of humic acid and potassium fertilizer on the fresh and dry weight of heath and root dry weight , Length of root and Leaf Area Index (LAI) of mention plant, there was an Experiment using the plan of Compeletly Randomized Block Design wit MoreIn order to determine the effect of humic acid and potassium fertilizer on the fresh and dry weight of heath and root dry weight , Length of root and Leaf Area Index (LAI) of mention plant, there was an Experiment using the plan of Compeletly Randomized Block Design with 3 replications and 12 treatments raised on factorial.the factors was 4 level of humic acid (0,5,10,15 kg/ha) and 3 level of potassium sulfate (0,50,100 kg/ha). During the experiment , Leaf Area Index, as well as plant fresh and dry weight , Length of root and root dry weight was measured and analyzed. Results showed that the positive effect of humic acid and potassium on Leaf Area Index by plant and increase dry and fresh weight ,root dr weight and Length of root . That treatment who had received the most amount of humic acid had significant difference in comparision of other treatments. Comparing treatment who had received the most amount of "Potassium" had significant difference too. Comparing interaction between treatments, also indicate that treated plants with the highest amount of humic acid and putassium, had significant difference in comparision of other treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
496 - Effect of Various Planting Substrates on Morphological and Chlorophyll Traits of Narcissus Plant
Mehrdad Babarabie Hossein Zarei Maryam Dabbagh Atoosa Danyaei Sima Badeli -
Open Access Article
497 - An Investigation into Irisin Levels: Acute and Chronic Effects of Combined Training and Its Association with Anthropometric Variables in Overweight Men
Yazgaldi Nazari Masoud Nikbakht Abdolhamid Habibi -
Open Access Article
498 - Relationship of Sodium Nitroprusside with Growth and Antioxidant Enzymes of Canola under Lead Stress
Hossein Hamidi Nahid Masoudian Mostafa Ebadi Bostan Roudi -
Open Access Article
499 - Effects of Altitude on Some Physiological Characteristics of Sagebrush in Khorasan Province, Iran
Alireza Ekrami Nahid Masoudian Homa Mahmoodzadeh Bostan Roodi Mostafa EbadiThe present research aimed to investigate the effects of altitude on some physiological characteristics of Artemisia aucheri Boiss. Plant samples were taken from 15 areas in the Lakh Kuhik mountains. After determining the maps of work units, samples were taken systemati MoreThe present research aimed to investigate the effects of altitude on some physiological characteristics of Artemisia aucheri Boiss. Plant samples were taken from 15 areas in the Lakh Kuhik mountains. After determining the maps of work units, samples were taken systematically in each unit. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS. The highest and the lowest chlorophyll content were recorded at an altitude below 1200 m and above 1256 m, respectively. Dry and fresh weights were measured with a precision balance. The results indicated a direct relationship between the increase in plant Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+ contents and altitude. However, there was no significant relationship between altitude and plant P3-. Extraction was performed using a rotary evaporator (rotovap). Physiological and antioxidant traits and chlorophyll content of the samples were determined using the standard method (i.e., by a spectrophotometer). Results indicated that altitude had significant effects on physiological traits as the highest antioxidant activity was observed in regions with mid-latitude regions (i.e., 1228 m). Overall, it can be concluded that antioxidant content was lower at higher altitudes, and the best quality could be obtained from higher altitude plants (i.e., 1256 m). Similarly, fresh and dry weights were higher at higher altitudes because cytokinin levels in plants increased with reductions in auxin levels. In the next step, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were assayed separately. The results revealed that the chlorophyll content declined at high altitudes due to the presence of shortwave radiation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
500 - The Effects of Eight Weeks of Submaximal Running and High-fat Diet on IL-6 Gene Expression in the Muscle Tissue of Male Rats
Shima Ebadi Ardeshir ZafariIt seems that the release of IL-6 from the contracting muscles and accumulation in the blood circulation has a close relationship with the duration and intensity of physical activity. The aime of this experimental study was to determine the effects of eight weeks of sub MoreIt seems that the release of IL-6 from the contracting muscles and accumulation in the blood circulation has a close relationship with the duration and intensity of physical activity. The aime of this experimental study was to determine the effects of eight weeks of submaximal running and high-fat diet on IL-6 gene expression levels in the muscle tissue of an animal model. At the end of the two-week period of keeping under controlled conditions, 40 two-month-old male rats were randomly divided into four equal groups of control, high-fat diet, submaximal running, and a combination of high-fat diet and submaximal running. The training groups participated in the aerobic running protocol on the treadmill for five days a week for eight weeks. The polymerase chain reaction method was used to determine the levels of IL-6 gene expression in muscle tissue. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine between-group differences. The effects of high-fat diet and running with submaximal intensity on IL-6 gene expression in muscle tissue are significant. The consumption of high-fat food causes adverse changes in the expression of IL-6 gene, but eight weeks of running with sub-maximal intensity moderates the adverse effects of high-fat diet and creates favorable changes in the expression of IL-6 gene and body weight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
501 - Investigating the Effect of Poly (D L-Lactic Acid) Molecular Weight on the Shape Memory Parameters: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Mohammad Amini Abbas MontazeriShape memory polymers are a subset of smart materials that can regain their original shape after a temporary deformation. In recent years, these polymers have been vastly utilized in many industries (especially biomedical). The main purpose of this study was to find the MoreShape memory polymers are a subset of smart materials that can regain their original shape after a temporary deformation. In recent years, these polymers have been vastly utilized in many industries (especially biomedical). The main purpose of this study was to find the influence of the polymer molecular weight on the various shape memory parameters. Additionally, the mechanisms governing the shape memory behavior of polymers are thoroughly studied. Calculating the glass transition temperature and exploring its role on the shape memory behavior of polymeric materials are the other objectives of the current research. In this study, all models were built via Materials Studio and all the simulations were carried out using LAMMPS software. Based on the obtained results, the glass transition temperature of polymer increases with increasing the degree of polymerization. The attempts made to achieve an optimal microstructure revealed that the shape fixity parameter increases from 90% to 94% with increasing the molecular weight from 36000 g/mol to 108000 g/mol. In contrast to the shape fixity, the shape recovery parameter follows a descending trend with increasing the molecular weight. This is attributed to an increase in the ratio of the fixed phase to its reversible counterpart. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
502 - TThe Biological Effects of Aqueous Extract of Ephedra major on the Development of Balb/C Mouse Embryos 7Th to 10Th Days of Pregnancy
S. Saffari P. Torabzadeh S.M. Mousavi DohooiiAqueous extract of Ephedra major used as a drug for blood pleasure, sleep disorder and lose weight. But it is effects on the body especially during pregnancy have not been reviewed. Therefore in study The Biological effects of aqueous extract of Ephedra major on the dev MoreAqueous extract of Ephedra major used as a drug for blood pleasure, sleep disorder and lose weight. But it is effects on the body especially during pregnancy have not been reviewed. Therefore in study The Biological effects of aqueous extract of Ephedra major on the development Balb.C mouse embryos 7Th to 10Th days of pregnancy. In this study 50 female Balb.C mice were randomly divided into 6 groups including: control group (non- injection), sham group (injection of saline) and 4 experimental groups. Lethal dose of LD50 was determined in condition of 3086 mg.kg.bw in vivo and selected dose for injection 300 mg.kg.bw. Injection was done on the seventh to tenth days by enema. Then the mouse were sacrificed on day 15 of pregnancy.For security of results above experiences was repeated three times. Data was checked with SPSS21 software and Duncan test subjest to (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
503 - The Effects of Diazinon on the Development of Balb/C Mice Embryos in 3th to 6th Days of Pregnancy
S. Rastgar Gharahshiran P. Torabzadeh S. SaffariDiazinon is one of agricultural pesticides and organophosphate pesticide, because the chemical structure and the effects have been devastating on nervous, respiratory and digestive systems in recent years there have been studied. But it is effects on the embryo especial MoreDiazinon is one of agricultural pesticides and organophosphate pesticide, because the chemical structure and the effects have been devastating on nervous, respiratory and digestive systems in recent years there have been studied. But it is effects on the embryo especially during pregnancy have not been reviewed. Therefore in study The Biological effects of pesticide diazinon on the development of Balb/C Mouse Embryos Third to Sixth Days of pregnancy. In this study 90 female Balb/C mice were randomly divided into 6 equal groups acontrol group (non- injection) and sham (injection of saline) and 4 experimental groups. The lethal dose LD50 was determined in condition of 11.09 ml/kg.bw in vivo and selected dose for injection 0.4 ml/kg.bw. Injection was done on mouse embryos 3Th to 6Th days of pregnancy by enema. Then the mouse were sacrificed on day 15 of pregnancy.For security of results above experiences was repeated three times. Data was checked with SPSS17 software and Duncan test subjest to (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
504 - Effect of Aloe vera Extract on Spermatogenesis and Reproductive Hormones in Mice
مهرداد مدرسی حمیدرضا خدائی علیرضا خدادادیAloe with the scientific name Aloe vera is a perennial plant that has useful effects in herbal therapy and herbal medicine. In this research the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Aloe vera gel on the testis and spermatogenesis in mice Balb/C mice were examined. Sampl MoreAloe with the scientific name Aloe vera is a perennial plant that has useful effects in herbal therapy and herbal medicine. In this research the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Aloe vera gel on the testis and spermatogenesis in mice Balb/C mice were examined. Samples randomly divided into five groups (three treatment groups, placebo and control) and all samples were kept in the same conditions. Aloe vera gel extract in different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/2day) produced by intraperitoneal (IP) for 20 days was administered to the treatment group. Placebo group was used as the injection of saline. The main parameters that were examined changes in levels of testosterone, LH and FSH levels and changes in stem cell number, number primary spermatocytes, and testis weight compared with the control group. All of hormonal experiments using Radioimmunoassay (RIA) were performed.The results showed that Aloe vera extract caused a significant increase in the number of stem cells and primary spermatocytes in the experimental group compared with the control group. Mean of testicular weights and testosterone levels in group 3 (200 mg/kg) increased significantly, while LH and FSH levels did not show significant changes. The findings indicate Aloe vera extract in a dose-dependent effect on testosterone levels and histological characteristics of male mice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
505 - Effects of Managed Exercises in Pregnancy on Fetal Growth Criteria in Primiparous Women: A Randomized Clinical Controlled Trial
Tayebeh Zare zadeh Nematollah Nemati Hesam Ramazanzade Tahereh BagherpourRecently, mothers’ physical activity during pregnancy has been the subject of many studies and no human studies have reported negative effects of prenatal exercise on fetus. This study aimed to determine the effect of managed exercise during pregnancy on fetal gro MoreRecently, mothers’ physical activity during pregnancy has been the subject of many studies and no human studies have reported negative effects of prenatal exercise on fetus. This study aimed to determine the effect of managed exercise during pregnancy on fetal growth. This randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 80 pregnant women in Damghan meeting the inclusion criteria. Samples were randomly selected using randomization website and divided into control and intervention groups. The intervention consisted of a structured individual and group aerobic exercises including individual walking, aerobic exercise, sitting Pilates exercise, and moderate to intense gestational aerobic exercise three times a week from gestational age of 18-20 weeks to 37-39 weeks. There were approximately 60 training sessions. The control group received standard care and had routine activities. The independent t-test revealed an insignificant difference between the control and intervention groups in infant weight (t = 0.957, p = 0.342), head circumference (t = 0.921, p = 0.342), and height (t = 0.739, p = 0.492) and gestational age t=1.218, p=0.277. A moderate intensity managed exercise during pregnancy does not pose a risk to maternal and fetal well-being and it does not endanger the health and growth of the fetus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
506 - The Efect of Adding Prebiotic, Synbiotic and Phytobiotic Supplements in the Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Apparent Digestibility of Nutrients and Some Blood Parameters of Fattening Zell Lambs
Mehdi Saravani Mohsen Hajipour Kaveh Jafari Khorshidi Seyed Makan Mousavi Kashani Parvin ShawrangIn this study, the effect of adding prebiotic, synbiotic and phytobiotic supplements in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters of fattening Zell lambs was investigated. For this purpose, 24 Zell male MoreIn this study, the effect of adding prebiotic, synbiotic and phytobiotic supplements in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters of fattening Zell lambs was investigated. For this purpose, 24 Zell male lambs with an avrage age of about 5 months and an avrage weight of 25.4±0.50 were used for 90 days. The experimental treatments included 1- control group (no supplement), 2- treatment containing 2 g of A-Max prebiotic supplement, 3- treatment containing 4 g of Biomin IMBO synbiotic supplement, and 4- treatment containing 6 g of Bioherbal phytobiotic supplement per head of lamb per day. The growth performance results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental treatments in the fattening weight, dry matter intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). The highest weight at the end of the fattening period, dry matter intake and daily weight gain were observed in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement. The treatment with 6 g of phytobiotic supplement had the lowest feed conversion ratio. The highest apparent digestibility of dry matter, NDF and ADF was observed in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement (p < 0.05). The results of some blood serum parameters showed that there was a significant difference in the concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen between the experimental treatments (p < 0.05). The highest concentration of glucose was in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement, the lowest concentration of cholesterol was in the treatment of 6 g of phytobiotic supplement. Blood urea nitrogen had the lowest concentration in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement. The treatment with 4 g of synbiotic supplement had the highest hot carcass weight, hot carcass percentage, cold carcass weight, cold carcass percentage, thigh percentage and shoulder percentage (p < 0.05). The present research showed that the addition of 4 g of synbiotic supplement in the diet improved the growth performance, valuable parts of the carcass and the apparent digestibility of nutrients in fattening lambs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
507 - Investigating the Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) on the Level of Testosterone Hormone Secretion in Male Rats under Weightlessness Condition
Erfan Motalebzadeh Nasim Hayati Roudbari Maryam SalavatifarConsidering the progress of science and space exploration and the importance of maintaining the health of astronauts both during the space mission and after returning to earth after carrying out space research, investigating the effects of weightlessness on the hormone MoreConsidering the progress of science and space exploration and the importance of maintaining the health of astronauts both during the space mission and after returning to earth after carrying out space research, investigating the effects of weightlessness on the hormone testosterone and maintaining the fertility of astronauts is very important. is On the other hand, due to the use of carbon nanotubes in the spaceship equipment sector as well as protective shields, astronauts will be exposed to high concentrations of this nanomaterial, hence the investigation of the effects of this nanomaterial on the testosterone level of male astronauts in the conditions Weightlessness is very important in order to maintain their reproductive power. In this research, 30 male rats were used. The animals were randomly divided into five groups of six including control, sham and three experimental groups. The control group received normal food and water for 30 days. The sham group was placed in weightless conditions (in a weightless cage) for 30 days. Experimental group 1 received 20 mg/kg of multi-walled carbon nanotube intraperitoneally for 30 days. Experimental group 2 was placed in a weightless cage for 30 days and received 20 mg/kg of multi-walled carbon nanotube intraperitoneally. Experimental group 3 received 3 cc of solution (2.5 cc of water, 0.5 cc of tween) intraperitoneally for 30 days. The results showed that in the sham group and experimental groups 1 and 2, weight loss was observed. In the examination of blood serum samples, the level of testosterone had decreased significantly. Exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes in weightless conditions causes a significant decrease in the amount of testosterone hormone. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
508 - Investigation of Concentration of Essential and Non-Essential Amino Acids in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) in Different Weights and Lengths
Majid Mohammad Nejad Raha Fadaee RaieniGrass carp or Amur fish is considered one of the most important tropical fish and has a special importance in people's food basket. Amino acids are often known as protein building chains and are compounds that play a very important role in the body of living organisms. MoreGrass carp or Amur fish is considered one of the most important tropical fish and has a special importance in people's food basket. Amino acids are often known as protein building chains and are compounds that play a very important role in the body of living organisms. The present research was conducted to determine the concentration of essential and non-essential amino acids in Amur fish (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fillet. The grouping included weight groups of 20, 100 and 500 grams and length groups of 10, 22 and 35 cm. The composition of essential and non-essential amino acids was measured according to the method of Bidlingmeyer et al. (1984). Data analysis was done with the help of SPSS19 software and one-way analysis of variance and Duncan's test and the presence or absence of significant difference was determined at the 95% level. The results of amino acids analysis showed that the amount of essential amino acids in Amur fish fillet including: arginine, histidine, leucine, methionine, threonine, lysine, phenylalanine and valine in different weights and lengths did not differ significantly from each other (p > 0.05). Also, according to the results, it was determined that the amount of non-essential amino acids including: aspartic acid, gluten, serine, glycine, alanine, proline, tyrosine and cystine in different weights and lengths was not significantly different from each other (p > 0.05). The results of this study showed that length and weight had no significant effect on the amount of amino acids in Amur fish. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
509 - The Effects of Adding Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) on the Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of The Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Polymer Matrix (UHMWPE) in Joint Replacements
Mohsen Fakoori Mohammad Taghi khorassani Mehdi kamali dolat abadiUltra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been used as the material of choice in joint replacement prosthesis as an articular component for several years. Despite its distinct physical and chemical characteristics, the lifespan of this polymer is limited. On MoreUltra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been used as the material of choice in joint replacement prosthesis as an articular component for several years. Despite its distinct physical and chemical characteristics, the lifespan of this polymer is limited. One approach to increase the lifespan and mechanical properties is the use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Multi-walled carbon nanotubes are promising candidates for use as a filler phase in polymers due to their excellent mechanical properties and excellent surface-to-volume ratio. In this research, the addition of 0.1% by weight of multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with carboxyl groups was investigated on the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the UHMWPE base matrix and its comparison with the pure UHMWPE sample. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of characteristic peaks of UHMWPE and carbon nanoparticle in the matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed an increase in the intensity of the characteristic peaks of the composite compared to the pure sample. The differential scanning calorimetry test (DSC) showed an increase of about 10% in the crystallinity of the composite containing carbon nanotubes (PE/MWCNT). The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) showed an increase of about 22% in the storage modulus compared to the control sample, and finally, the cell viability through the cell culture test in the PE/MWCNT composite showed a 15 % increase in cell viability. According to mechanical and biocompatibility results, the composite sample can perform better in terms of mechanical loads in bearing surfaces compared to pure UHMWPE. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
510 - The Effect of Zinc Supplement (Zn) on Testicular Function in Microgravity
Mehdi Soleimani Damabi Amir Khoshvaghti Amir Nezami-AslSpaceflight experiments in microgravity environments revealed that spaceflight affected the physiology of the testis. We used the tail-suspension model to simulate microgravity and investigated its effect on tissue and function of the testis in sexually mature male rats MoreSpaceflight experiments in microgravity environments revealed that spaceflight affected the physiology of the testis. We used the tail-suspension model to simulate microgravity and investigated its effect on tissue and function of the testis in sexually mature male rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups (N =6). Microgravity simulation was done by the tail hanging method; control 1) no tail traction, and tail suspension, control 2) no simulating micro angiitis just the zinc prescription and zinc was soluble in water. Groups include: 1) Just simulated microgravity, Group 2: Simulated microgravity and prescription zinc. Controls: 1: without any interventionist, 2: just used zinc. Semen, serum, and seminal plasma zinc were analyzed. LH and FSH were measured. Sample prepared from the epididymis of rats and Spermogram was performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software. The effect of microgravity on testosterone, LH, FSH, was significantly low in oligospermia, baseline sperm the concentration, total sperm count, sperm motility, length and weight of the testicles, sperm with normal morphology. FSH, LH zinc treated groups were not significantly different from other groups. The negative effects on sperm parameters were significantly reduced.Dietary restriction of zinc can affect on microgravity testicular function adversely. The effect of zinc deficiency can prevent negative effects on sperm parameters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
511 - Effects of 8-weeks cinnamon intake with and without high intensity interval training on blood lipids profile in overweight girls of aged-high school
Saber Rezanejad Mina Tarahhomi Akram khani Rozveh Mehdi KargarfardBackground: Obesity and overweight are among the most common complications among high school students, which can be associated with cardiovascular diseases. Modifying the lifestyle through sports activities and herbal medicines is one of the solutions to combat this pro MoreBackground: Obesity and overweight are among the most common complications among high school students, which can be associated with cardiovascular diseases. Modifying the lifestyle through sports activities and herbal medicines is one of the solutions to combat this problem. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an 8-week cinnamon consumption with and without high-intensity interval training on blood lipid profiles in high school-aged overweight girls.Methods: In this semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, 36 overweight women aged 15-18 years were randomly assigned to one of the 3 groups: intense interval training (n=12), cinnamon supplementation (n=12) and intense interval training+cinnamon (n=12). The intense interval training program was conducted three times a week for 8 weeks in the two intervention groups. Each session, lasting 30-35 minutes, involved high-intensity exercises at 90-95% of peak oxygen consumption. Diet groups received cinnamon supplements at the rate of 6 grams/day for a period of 8 weeks. Body measurements (weight, body mass index) and serum levels of blood fats (cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein) were measured before and after the study. The data were analyzed using the dependent t-test and analysis of covariance at a level less than 0.05.Results: After 8 weeks of intervention, a significant decrease in body weight and body mass index and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol were observed in the intense interval training and intense interval training + cinnamon groups compared to the cinnamon alone group (p≤0.05). However, Bonferroni's follow-up test did not show significant differences in cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels between the groups (p≥0.05).Conclusion: High-intensity intermittent exercise with cinnamon consumption can reduce body composition and some blood lipids more effectively than cinnamon supplementation in overweight high school girls. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
512 - Impact of resistance training on hepcidin levels and iron status in overweight/obese girls with and without iron stores deficient.
Nasim Behzadnezhad Fahimeh Esfarjani Sayyed Mohammad MarandiAbstract:Background: increasing body fat mass causes anemia. Exercising with the right type and intensity can improve iron status in people with extra fat mass. The aim of this study is to compare two different intensities of resistance training on hepcidin levels, iron MoreAbstract:Background: increasing body fat mass causes anemia. Exercising with the right type and intensity can improve iron status in people with extra fat mass. The aim of this study is to compare two different intensities of resistance training on hepcidin levels, iron status and body composition in obese/overweight girls. Method: 40 university students (18-22years old) with 35>BMI≥25 voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were divided into two groups of20, by blood sampling and based on serum ferritin (>30ng/ml or ≤30ng/ml). Subjects in each group were randomly assigned to one of the moderate or high-intensity training groups. Resistance training was performed 8 weeks, four days a week, and each session for one hour, with an elastic-band. body composition variables using specific tools, And the level of iron, hepcidin, TIBC, ferritin and hemoglobin was collected before and after exercise with the blood samples. Results: T-test showed, a significant decrease between pre-test and post-test in body composition variables, hepcidin and iron status variables of four groups other than hemoglobin. The analysis of variance of the bivariate showed a significant difference in hepcidin between the two groups with ferritin higher or lower than 30 ng/ml. The results of analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference in hepcidin levels between the two groups with ferritin higher or lower than 30 ng/ml. Conclusion: resistance training with two different intensities can reduce hepcidin, ferritin and BMI in obese girls with and without iron deficiency and improve body composition. Baseline ferritin level seems to be effective on hepcidin levels after intervention. Keywords: resistance training, hepcidin, iron status, obesity Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
513 - Application and Comparison of Simple Additive Weighting method, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Support Vector Machine in identifying the internal and external factors in SWOT’s analysis
Ali HaeriaAn Ardekani Hamidreza Koosha fatemeh mirsaeediAll organizations, must determine their future path; in other words, they must understand where they stand and where they are heading to. Strategic management is one of the most recognized management approaches for this purpose. One of the most important steps in strate MoreAll organizations, must determine their future path; in other words, they must understand where they stand and where they are heading to. Strategic management is one of the most recognized management approaches for this purpose. One of the most important steps in strategic management is recognizing organization’s internal and external factors. If these factors are recognized correctly, they can be used to establish correct and optimal strategies. So far, few researchers have used exact methods for identifying and prioritizing internal and external factors. In this article, we try to use multi criteria (Sample Additive Weighting and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process techniques) and data mining (support vector machine) for reorganization of internal and external factors. The case study in this research is Water and Sewerage Company of Mashhad. First, organization’s internal and external factors are identified and classified by organization’s higher managers and experts. For applying Sample Additive Weighting and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, first, the criteria according to internal and external factor’s definition are determined and criteria’s weights are identified by Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process also Sample Additive Weighting. Then, by using these weights, the values for all factors are calculated and classified. Using these criteria (attributes) and WEKA software, after data preprocess, factors classified by Support Vector Machine that is one of the most accurate data mining approaches. The results show Support Vector Machine prediction more accurately compared to other techniques. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
514 - Evaluation of the condition of air pollutants in Mashhad city at different stations by using the Inverse Distance Weighting method
Reza Fekri Zahra Rostami Hadi Tahsini -
Open Access Article
515 - Investigating the Efficiency of Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate (LECA) in Wastewater Treatment of Dairy Industry
Hooman Bahmanpour Reza Habashi Seyed Mohammad Hosseini -
Open Access Article
516 - Improvement yield and grain protein of barley (Hordeum valgare L.) by iron, manganese and zinc foliar spray
Majid Rajaie Mojtaba CharkhandehIn order to investigate the effect of iron, manganese and zinc foliar spray on the yield and grain protein in barley, an experiment was carried out in a randomized completely block design with 3 replications in Darab, during 2012-2013. The total of 8 treatments were use MoreIn order to investigate the effect of iron, manganese and zinc foliar spray on the yield and grain protein in barley, an experiment was carried out in a randomized completely block design with 3 replications in Darab, during 2012-2013. The total of 8 treatments were used that consisted of T1- Control test without spraying, T2- Spraying with a concentration of 0.2% iron, T3- 0.2% zinc, T4- 0.2% Mn, T5- T2+T3, T6- T2+T4, T7- T3+T4 and T8- T2+T3+T4. The results showed that application of micronutrient fertilizers increased the yield and yield components of barley. So that the simultaneous application of iron, zinc and manganese could significantly increase the grain yield, number of grains per ear, 1000 seed weight, biological yield, harvest index, stem soluble carbohydrates and grain protein. The highest concentrations of iron, zinc and manganese in grain and leaf were observed when each one of the elements was individually sprayed on plant aerial parts. The lowest concentrations of iron, zinc and manganese in grain were obtained in the combination of zinc+ manganese, iron+ manganese and iron + zinc, respectively. Among the applied, iron had the best effect on the increase of grain yield than the other elements. By increasing the number of elements used in the spraying solutions, their efficiency in supplying the plant requirement was reduced. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that in addition to grain enrichment, the micronutrient fertilizers have been able to increase the yield and yield components of the barley Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
517 - Effect of various nutritional systems on growth characteristics, sepals yield and yield components of sour tea (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) under drought stress
seyedeh esmat hashemi fadaki Brat Ali Fakheri nafiseh mahdinezhad Roghaeh MohammadpourWater deficit stress is a major environmental limiting factor of plant growth and crop productivity. Therefore, many studies have been done to minimize the stress effects caused by Water deficit in agriculture and plant physiology. In present investigation, to study the MoreWater deficit stress is a major environmental limiting factor of plant growth and crop productivity. Therefore, many studies have been done to minimize the stress effects caused by Water deficit in agriculture and plant physiology. In present investigation, to study the effects of nano and nano bio-fertilizers on reducing the damage caused by drought on growth parameters on roselle an experiment was conducted at the experimental farm, University of Zabol, in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications, during 2015. Four drought stress levels 30, 50, 70 and 90 percent of available water were considered as main plots and four levels of fertilizers nano-iron, nano-ZFM, nano-biomik and control (lack of fertilizer) were considered as sub plots. The studied traits included plant height, fresh and dry weight of vegetative and roots, number of lateral branches, number of calyx, fresh and dry weight of sepals. Main effects of fertilizer, drought stress and their interaction were significant for all studied traits in 1 percent probability level. Maximum of fresh and dry weight of sepals, number of calyx, number of lateral branches, fresh and dry weight of vegetative and plant height were obtained under treatment of 70 percent of available water and foliar application of nano-iron. The highest amount of fresh and dry weight of roots belonged to 70 percent of available water and foliar application of nano-ZFM. Spraying with nano-iron mitigated the effects of drought stress and increased the quantity of roselle sepals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
518 - Study of improvements in the biological yield and the physiologic indicators of Ajwan (Carum copticum L.) as affected by application of polyamines under salt stress conditions
Ali Reza Dadgar Mohamad Rahim OwjiThis experiment was conducted to study the improvement of biological yield and physiological indicators of Ajwan by application of polyamines under salt stress conditions in 2018. A factorial study was conducted with a randomized complete design with two factors and thr MoreThis experiment was conducted to study the improvement of biological yield and physiological indicators of Ajwan by application of polyamines under salt stress conditions in 2018. A factorial study was conducted with a randomized complete design with two factors and three replications. The first factor included four levels of water salinity including the control (without salt stress) and salinities of 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg/l. The second factor included five levels of using zero polyamine, 0.5 and 1.5 mmol/l putrescine and 0.5 and 1.5 mmol/l spermidine. The results showed that increasing the salinity levels resulted in a reduction of the height, the biological yield, the lateral branch and the number of umbels in the plant. The lowest amount of chlorophyll a and b and the highest sodium and chloride content in the salt stress of 3000 mg/l was observed. Under salt stress of 2000 mg/l, the spermidine treatment as 1.5 and 0.5 mmol/l led to an increase in the proline content to the amounts of 44.56 and 40.16% as compared with that of the control. Also, the highest peroxidase in the spermidine treatment of 1.5 and 0.5 mmol/l was observed in the amounts of 3.60 and 3.20 micromoles per minute protein. Therefore, the polyamine compounds lead to the reduction of the salt stress effects through improvement in the physiologic characteristics, including increase in the osmotic adjusting compounds and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, the polyamine compound of spermidine has a better function than putrescine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
519 - To study the prevalence of LBW and to determine the ratio preterm to IUGR during one year in 22 Bahman Hospital in Mashhad.
Jamshid Yusefi Morteza Mirzade Neda Tavasoli AskariBackground and aim:Delivery of low birth weight newborn is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality.The prevalence and its risk factors are different in each community. With identification of cause we can reduce incidance of LBW. The aim of this study is to evaluate MoreBackground and aim:Delivery of low birth weight newborn is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality.The prevalence and its risk factors are different in each community. With identification of cause we can reduce incidance of LBW. The aim of this study is to evaluate, prevalence of LBW and determining of proportion intra uterine growth retardation to premature and some maternal LBW risk factors. Materials and methods:This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in one year on newborn with LBW in Mashad 22 Bahaman hospital, at beginning of birth, all neonatal being weight.Target population in our study were neonatal with birth weight, less than 2500 gram.Then neonatal and maternal data and Newballard table completed for them. Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS, Pearson's Chi Square,Fishers Exact and T-test. Findings:Out of 866 newborn, 143 were LBW which prevalence was 16/5 percent. The proportion of preterm neonate to IUGR was 3 times.The study of risk factors indicate, significant difference between premature delivery history (p=0/0449),neonatal congenital malformation (p=0/0389) and APGAR score(p= 0/0041).In other variables of our study such as maternal demographic information, gestation rank prenatal health care, pregnancy weight gaining, chronic diseases and gestational infection and drug consumption, previous low birth weight history and neonatal gender and multiple births, there is no significantly difference. Conclusion:According to results this study suggested that: with controlling of LBW influence factors we can reduce LBW prevalence and morbidity &mortality.Also with execution of heath education program and improve quality of pregnancy care and undertaking of high risk groups. There are good strategy for neonatal health status. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
520 - A Survey of the Effects of Stocking Density on Growth Factors of (Salmo trutta caspius)
elham gholiyan masoumeh bahr kazemi azin mohagheghi aliasghar saeediThis study was done to determine the effects of stocking density on growth factors of salmo trutta caspius. For this purpose , fingerlings with initial weight 7.25 + 0.4 g were distributed in 3 treatments with density of 50, 75 and 100 fish per each m3 and cultured for MoreThis study was done to determine the effects of stocking density on growth factors of salmo trutta caspius. For this purpose , fingerlings with initial weight 7.25 + 0.4 g were distributed in 3 treatments with density of 50, 75 and 100 fish per each m3 and cultured for 60 days. The growth factors (BWI, LI, SGR, CF, and FCR) and survival rate were measured. The results showed that with density increase some of the growth factors which contain BWI, LI and SGR were decreased but some others (CF, FCR) were increased ( p<0.05). Also the density of stocking had no effect on survival rates of treatments (p>0.05). In Conclusion, by study on growth factors and survival rate, the best results were observed in lower density (50 fish per each m3). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
521 - Effect of super absorbent polymer on the morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under water deficit stress
Mohammad Reza Kazemi Farshad Ghooshchi Pourang KasraeiThis experiment studies the effects of super-physiological characteristics of wheat in drought conditions for split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plot including different levels of water deficit stress (60, 90 and 120 mm evapor MoreThis experiment studies the effects of super-physiological characteristics of wheat in drought conditions for split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plot including different levels of water deficit stress (60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation) and sub plot different amounts of polymer (zero, 15, 30 and 45 kg per ha).30 percent and biomass yield in the order of 6.42 and 10.94 percent increase compared to control polymer. In conditions of severe stress high level of polymer leads to a significant decrease in enzyme activity guaiacol (1.5 times), ascorbate peroxidase (63%), catalase (30%) and glutathione reductase (71%) compared to conditions without polymer. Even moderate levels of water stress leads to a significant reduction in chlorophyll a and b (15 and 24 percent respectively compared to control) was. But more drastic reduction in the amount of chlorophyll a and b in severe water deficit stress levels were observed (38.7, 51% reduction compared to control treatment). Using high polymer surfaces, 30 and 45 kg ha chlorophyll in plants to form a 13.42 and 20.13 percent respectively. Mild stress higher levels of polymers in organic solute had almost the same effect. While severe stress positive impact polymer was 45 kg per hector higher than 30 kg per hectare, and the accumulation of soluble sugars and proline able to hold even under mild stress. The high polymer membrane lipid peroxidation rate decreased, resulting in the production of malondialdehyde as compared to controls 53 percent. Superabsorbent polymer on grain weight, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, guaiacol peroxidase enzymes, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase was significant, and in Kalataz the interaction is not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
522 - Effect of Pepper mint and Thymus vulgaris extracts with and without flaxseed on performance of laying hens.
Faramarz Keshavarz moetamedi Reza Taherkhani Timur TanhaghezeliIn order to survey the effects of extracts of garden thyme and pepper mint and their mixed extracts on yield and quantity characters of egg, an experiment were done in 2016 in the region of varamin on 80 old laying lineage hen lineage of lohmen light( LSL) in age of 60 MoreIn order to survey the effects of extracts of garden thyme and pepper mint and their mixed extracts on yield and quantity characters of egg, an experiment were done in 2016 in the region of varamin on 80 old laying lineage hen lineage of lohmen light( LSL) in age of 60 to 68 week as a completely randomized block design with four treatment and five replication. Treatments were consists of control, extracts of pepper mint (0.5 percent), garden thyme (0.5 percent), pepper mint + garden thyme (0.25 % +0. 25%). All extracts of medicinal were used in the form of water dilution.Results of this experiment showed that using simultaneous of pepper mint extracts and garden thyme had significant effect on increasing egg weight, and final percent of yield, egg mass, and decreased feed conversion ratio. Using each of medicinal plant extracts by- self had no significant effect on above parameters (p<0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
523 - The effect of sodium silicate on yield and yield components of pea (Cicer arietinum L.) under salinity stress
Mahdi Jalali Amin Fathi Massoumeh Namrvari Somayeh . Karami Chameh Sadegh BahaminPeas are the second most important plant families with high quality protein and important role in increasing soil nitrogen. The plant is sensitive to salinity and given that a large part of our land and the passion necessary to make possible the necessary measures to be MorePeas are the second most important plant families with high quality protein and important role in increasing soil nitrogen. The plant is sensitive to salinity and given that a large part of our land and the passion necessary to make possible the necessary measures to be taken to prevent a decrease in performance. In this regard, one of the elements that can improve plant water status, the effects of salinity amend, is silicon. For this purpose, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted. Treatments consisted of soil salinity at levels 2, 4 and 6 dS/m and sodium with levels of 0, 1 and 2 mM. The results showed that salinity had a significant effect on the number of pods per square meter, number of seeds per square meter, grain weight, grain yield and dry matter, so that increasing salinity level would be to reduce the amount of these traits. The yield on the EC 6 dS.m to the 41.4 grams per square meter, respectively. Silicon is also a significant effect on the number of pods per square meter, seed weight and seed yield. The highest grain yield in 2 mM sodium consumption to the amount of 99.7 grams per square meter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
524 - The effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth in Cowpea genotypes (Vigna unguiculata)
Fatemeh kamyab Shahin Vaezi Mohammadjafar Aghaei Mina RabieiOne of the constraints in development of cowpea cultivation in growing areas of this crop is soil salinity. In order to investigate the effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on MoreOne of the constraints in development of cowpea cultivation in growing areas of this crop is soil salinity. In order to investigate the effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design with 4 replications. The study was carried out June 2013 at the genetic and gene nation bank laboratory of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. Treatments were including of 4 levels of salinity (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM), 15 genotypes of cowpea (mashhad, omid bakhsh1, omid bakhsh 2, 001, 002, 7245, 7254, 7262, 7288, 7244, 7256, 7291, 7289, 7278 and 7305). The results showed that the effects of genotypes and salinity levels on different measured traits were significant at 5% probability level. Germination under saline conditions gave significant reductions for each treatment tested. The interaction effects of genotype and salinity, cultivar Mashhad in 150 mM NaCl salinity had the highest final germination percentage (84 %) and vigor germination (8.1). Also, the highest and lowest germination rate in high salinity (150 mM NaCl) had obtained in 7291 (5.3 seed per dar) and omid bakhsh 2 (3.7 seed per dar) cultivar, respectively. Increasing NaCl applications generally decreased the fresh and dry weight of Plumule and fresh and dry weight radicle. In high salinity level (150 mM NaCl), the highest of fresh and dry weight of Plumule had obtained in cultivar Mashhad (0.76 and 0.995 gr). Decrease in Plumule and radicle weight by NaCl application is due to increase in osmotic pressure of soil and decrease in availability of soil water because of NaCl Genotypes mashhad and 001 in NaCl salinity were evaluated as the most resistant and susceptible genotypes, respectively. Based on the results of this experiment, there is necessary genetic diversity among the Cowpea genotypes of Iran for selection of salinity resistant cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
525 - Effect of different irrigation and plant density on yield and yield components of Karoun hybrid at Dezful weather conditions
Mahmoud Mousavi Ghanavati Shahram LakIn order to determine the best irrigation and plant density on yield and yield components of hybrid maize Karun plot experiment in a randomized complete block design with three levels of irrigation (watering 1-70 mm evaporation from pan 2. 90 mm evaporation irrigation o MoreIn order to determine the best irrigation and plant density on yield and yield components of hybrid maize Karun plot experiment in a randomized complete block design with three levels of irrigation (watering 1-70 mm evaporation from pan 2. 90 mm evaporation irrigation of 110 mm evaporation from evaporation pan 3) as the main treatment and four densities (9-8-7-6 per square meter) as sub-plots with three replications with three replications was conducted in 2014. The results showed that the number of kernels per row irrigation, seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, plant height, harvest index, leaf area index, number of rows per ear and ear length had a significant effect. The effect of density on row number, grain weight, yield, biological yield, plant height, harvest index, leaf area index, number of rows per ear and ear length was significant. The highest average grain yield 9756 kg per hectare to eight plants per square meter density belonged to 70 mm evaporation statistically with a density of eight plants per square meter with 90 mm evaporation was analyzed in a group and the lowest with an average of 6393 kg per hectare the density per square meter, with 110 mm evaporation which were not. According to the results, it is suggested to avoid the loss of irrigation water saving of 90 mm evaporation is used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
526 - Effect of several complexes of the sand and field soil on the size and weight corm and flowering of saffron (Crocus sativus L) in varamin.
Sara Mohammadi Kelajan Ali Akbar KangarlouThis study was done to evaluate the effect of percent of wind sand (20,40,50,60) combined with farm soil on weight gain of the corms of Crocus sativus as well as its flowering yield in a field located at Gheshlagh village of Moin Abad of Varamin in 2010-2011. The experi MoreThis study was done to evaluate the effect of percent of wind sand (20,40,50,60) combined with farm soil on weight gain of the corms of Crocus sativus as well as its flowering yield in a field located at Gheshlagh village of Moin Abad of Varamin in 2010-2011. The experiment contained five treatments and was performed at a complete randomized block design with four replications. The corms were planted linearly in each row at the depth of 20cm and the distance of 7cm from each side. Irrigation was done in three times of 2010 October 7, 2010 November 6 and 2011 march 28 and the rows provided. Leaf pod and flowers present at each row were counted on a daily basis and the number was recorded daily. Average growth of the corms in each row shows significant difference p <%1. Results showed that treatments containing %40, %50 and %60, wind sand had a significant effect on average growth of the corms of Crocus sativus where treatment containing wind sand of 20% and farm soil of 80% had less effect. Field soil of Varamin showed the least effect on corm growth. Addition of 60% and 50% wind sand is recommended for the fields of Varamin region regarding culture of Crocus sativus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
527 - Effect of topic and granstar herbicides with codacide adjuvant to weeds control of wheat Parsi cultivar
farakh farzane babak Andalibi eskandar Zand alireza YousefiIn order to investigate of the effects of topic and granstar herbicides with codacide adjuvant to weeds control of wheat fields an experiment was carried outwith 13 treatment and 4 replication in 2012-2013, in Karaj. Experiment factor were granstar herbicide 3 dos MoreIn order to investigate of the effects of topic and granstar herbicides with codacide adjuvant to weeds control of wheat fields an experiment was carried outwith 13 treatment and 4 replication in 2012-2013, in Karaj. Experiment factor were granstar herbicide 3 dose (14,17,20 g/ha), granstar herbicide (14,17,20 g/ha+0.25% V/V Codacide) and topic herbicide(0.6,0.8,1 lit/ha) and topic herbicide (0.6,0.8, 1 lit/ ha+ 0.25% V/V codacide). These treatments were used in tillering time. The result of this experiment indicated that Granstar 17 gr/ha+ 0.25% herbicide had the best of effect on weed control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
528 - of 4 Weeks of Morning Exercise and Green Tea Consumption on Obesity Indices in Obese Men
kyvan khoramipour abbasali gaeini amirhossein amirhekmatikarAbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of 4 weeks of morning exercise and green tea consumption on obesity indices in obese men. In this study, 384 obese men participated as subjects, who were divided into 4 groups, which were divided into groups: exercise MoreAbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of 4 weeks of morning exercise and green tea consumption on obesity indices in obese men. In this study, 384 obese men participated as subjects, who were divided into 4 groups, which were divided into groups: exercise (n=96), green tea (n=96), green tea and exercise (n=96), and control group (n=96). The training protocol was was 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks, each session consisting of 10 min of warm-up, 30 min of rhythmic aerobic activity, and 10 min of cooling down. Also, green tea was ingested 3 servings daily in the amount of 3 g of dry tea in 200 ml of water by the subjects of the two groups of green tea consumption, and green tea and exercise. Dependent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Bonferroni were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was no significant difference between age, height, weight, and BMI of the 4 groups before the study (p>0.05). Additionally, in the two groups of exercise, and green tea and exercise, body weight and body composition decreased significantly compared to the control group (P≥0.05), which showed the greatest decrease in the group of consumption of green tea and exercise. It can be concluded that drinking green tea alone can not have a significant effect on improving obesity indicators. However, sports activity alone had this capability. Moreover, the greatest benefit will be observed once consuming green tea is accompanied by exercise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
529 - Effect of Resveratrol Supplementation on Changes in Serum Levels of Ceruloplasmin and Malondialdehyde in Response to One Session of High Intensity Exercise in Sedentary Young Overweight Men
mohamad khoramdel najmeh rezaeianAbstractAntioxidants are first line of defense against the oxidative stress produced during high intensity exercise. Since, obesity is also related to imbalance of oxidative- antioxidative system of body; purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 14 days of MoreAbstractAntioxidants are first line of defense against the oxidative stress produced during high intensity exercise. Since, obesity is also related to imbalance of oxidative- antioxidative system of body; purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 14 days of resveratrol supplementation on changes in serum levels of ceruloplasmin and malondialdehyde in response to one bout of high intensity exercise in sedentary overweight young men. For this purpose, twenty sedentary overweight young men selected and randomly divided into two groups (experimental and control). Subjects in both experimental and control groups participated in one bout of exhaustive exercise (Bruce Test). Then, subjects in experimental group (supplementation) consumed one capsule of 400-mg resveratrol per day for 14 days. In control group (placebo), subject consumed one capsule of 400-mg lactose per day for 14 days. First blood sample was taken before the study and second one was done immediately after Bruce test. At the fifteenth day and at the end of 14 days of supplementation, subjects in both groups perform the exhaustive exercise again and forth blood sample was taken immediately following their performance. Data analysis was done using repeated measures ANOVA, and paired t-test, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Finding showed 14 days of resveratrol supplementation had significant effect on serum levels of ceruloplasmin in response to one bout of high intensity exercise (P=0.043). It seems that 14 days of resveratrol supplementation has a significant effect on the improvement of function of antioxidant system of body in in sedentary overweight young men. Nevertheless, further research is necessary to understand the mediated mechanism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
530 - The Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Exercise with L-Arginine Supplementation on MMP-9, TIMP-2 Overweight Women
fatemeh ghasemi bahram abediThe current study was to examine the effect of eight weeks aerobic training with L argenine supplement consumption on MMP-9, TIMP-2 in overweight women. In semi experimental study with pre-post phases, 60 overweight women with age range 20-30 years old selected and thos MoreThe current study was to examine the effect of eight weeks aerobic training with L argenine supplement consumption on MMP-9, TIMP-2 in overweight women. In semi experimental study with pre-post phases, 60 overweight women with age range 20-30 years old selected and those located in 4 groups: aerobic training, L argenine supplement consumption, aerobic training with L argenine supplement consumption and placebo. Blood sampling collected in pretest phase (48 hours before physical activity and supplement consumption) and post test phase (48 hours after physical activity and supplement consumption). The training protocol consisted of 8 weeks of aerobic training, which was held three sessions per week. Participants in two groups of daily 1g of L argentine supplement. Participants in the placebo group also received a placebo from dextrin. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measures. The results showed that aerobic training, L argenine supplement consumption and aerobic training along with L argenine supplement consumption significantly increase MMP-9 and significantly reduce TIMP-2 in overweight women. Other results showed a greater effect size of aerobic training with L argenine supplement consumption compared to aerobic training and L argenine supplement consumption alone in increase MMP-9 and reduce TIMP-2. In general, along with aerobic exercise, taking L-arginine supplements (probably) can further stimulate the angiogenesis process in overweight women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
531 - Analysis of the Role of Moderating Socio-Cultural Pressure for Weight Loss and Physical Changes in Obese and Normal Weight Adolescents
seydmohammadhossein hosseiniravshThe purpose of this study was to compare body image problems and social-physical anxiety in obese and normal-weight adolescents by examining the moderating role of cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 7 MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare body image problems and social-physical anxiety in obese and normal-weight adolescents by examining the moderating role of cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 70 adolescent obese and 72 adolescent girls with normal weight were selected through one-stage cluster sampling from high school students in Mashhad. Data collection and measurement tools included: high-sensitivity portable digital scales and a non-dilatable tape meter, Multidimensional Self-Relationships Questionnaire, Physical Social Anxiety Questionnaire, and Cultural Social Pressure Questionnaire. The groups were matched for education, gender, and age. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software. Results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between obese and obese adolescents in terms of body image and physical and social anxiety. The results also showed that high cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change has a significant role in increasing physical social anxiety. But it does not have a moderating role in the extent of body image problems and physical social anxiety. Obesity and high cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change are important factors in increasing body image problems and physical and social anxiety. But cultural social pressure does not mitigate the role of obesity in increasing or decreasing body image problems and physical social anxiety. Therefore, it can be concluded that body image problems in obese individuals are more influenced by their body mass and not by the socio-cultural pressure for weight loss and body change. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
532 - Investigating yield and yield components of different faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes at delayed planting dates under Gorgan climatic conditions
fateme sheykh mohamad taghi feyz bakhsh safora jafer node To investigate the effect of sowing date on vegetative characteristics, yield and yieldcomponents of faba, 5 faba bean genotypes along with Barekat cultivar (control), a splitplot experiment based on completely randomized design with 4 replications wasconducted at More To investigate the effect of sowing date on vegetative characteristics, yield and yieldcomponents of faba, 5 faba bean genotypes along with Barekat cultivar (control), a splitplot experiment based on completely randomized design with 4 replications wasconducted at Agricultural Research Station of Gorgan in 2014-2015. Three sowing datesof 6th of December, 21st of December and 5th of January and Barekat cultivar and 5 largeseeded genotypes of G-faba-8, G-faba-10, G-faba-621, G-faba-9 and G-faba 620 wereassigned to main-plots and sub-plots, respectively. The results of variance analysis showedthat interaction of sowing date ×cultivar was significant for all studied traits except forplant height and tillers per plant. Due to significance of the interaction, it was sliced. Theresults of mean comparison showed that delay in sowing led to significant reduction inplant height, 100 grain weight, green pods and grain yield. Mean genotype yield forsowing dates of 6th of December, 21st of December and 5th of January was 403.17, 346.04and 337.15 g.m-2, respectively. At 5th of January, G-faba-621 ،G-faba-620 and G-faba-10genotype had a higher yield compared to other genotypes. According to the findings,higher yields may be obtained in delayed cropping using genotypes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
533 - Effect of foliar application of salicylic acid and naphthalene acetic acid on morphophysiological traits and product parameters of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.)
Amir Faridnia Tayeb SakinejadThis experiment was conducted during 2016 as factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The first factor consisted of three levels of naphthalene acetic acid (0, 200 and 400 ppm) and the second factor included three levels of s MoreThis experiment was conducted during 2016 as factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The first factor consisted of three levels of naphthalene acetic acid (0, 200 and 400 ppm) and the second factor included three levels of salicylic acid (0, 2 and 4 mM). The results showed growth improvement process in physiological indicators spraying with 200 ppm naphthalene acetic acid and 2 mM salicylic acid was higher, And the least effect on the physiological parameters of growth in the control (without the use of naphthalene acetic acid and salicylic acid). The difference between naphthalene acetic acid levels was significant in terms of plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight and grain yield at 1% probability level. The difference between salicylic acid levels was significant in all traits measured at 1% level. In the interaction, 1000-seed weight at the probability level of 5% and grain yield were significant at 1% probability level. the highest grain yield was observed in the interaction of naphthalene acetic acid and salicylic acid with 200 ppm naphthalene acetic acid and 2 mM salicylic acid with 2666 kg ha-1 And the lowest in control treatment (without the use of naphthalene acetic acid and salicylic acid) with 874 kg ha-1. the maximum weight of 1000 seeds In the effect of 200 ppm naphthalenic acetic acid and 2 mM salicylic acid with a weight of 46.8 g and the lowest in the control with 35.4 g. according to these results, application of 200 ppm naphthalene acetic acid and 2 mM salicylic acid increases the morpho-physiological traits and produced components and is also recommended in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
534 - The Biological Effects Pesticide of Chlorpyrifos On the development of Balb/C Mouse Embryos Third to Sixth Days Of Pregnancy
safoora saffari Parvin Torabzadeh Saba Rastgar gharahshiranIntroduction: Chlorpyrifos is one of organophosphate Insecticides and had studied in recent years because it has many complications devastating on skin, nervous, respiratory and digestive systems. But It is effects on the embryo especially during pregnancy has not been MoreIntroduction: Chlorpyrifos is one of organophosphate Insecticides and had studied in recent years because it has many complications devastating on skin, nervous, respiratory and digestive systems. But It is effects on the embryo especially during pregnancy has not been reviewed, . Therefore in study The Biological effects pesticide of Chlorpyrifos on the development of Balb/C mouse embryos Third to Sixth days of pregnancy.Material and Method: In this study 90 female Balb/C mouse were randomly divided into 6 equal groups acontrol group (non- injection) and witess (injection of saline) and 4 experimental groups. A lethaldose LD50 was determined in condition of 25/32 ml/kg.bw in vivo and selected dose for injection 0/4 ml/kg.bw. Injection was done on the Third to Sixth days of pregnancy days by enema. Then the mouse were sacrificed on day 15 of pregnancy.For security of results above experiences was repeated three times. Data was checked with SPSS17 software with ANOVA and Duncan test subjest to (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
535 - Effects of hypervitaminosis A on liver in newborn lambs by oral supplementation
S. Azimpour, علیرضا Shaghayegh, , B GholamhoseiniClinical signs of hypervitaminosis A are associated with the skeletal and skin lesions and adverse effects on the central nervous system. The present study was carried out to determine the effects of oral administration of high dose of vitamin A in newborn lambs. For MoreClinical signs of hypervitaminosis A are associated with the skeletal and skin lesions and adverse effects on the central nervous system. The present study was carried out to determine the effects of oral administration of high dose of vitamin A in newborn lambs. For this purpose 9 mixed male lambs aged 5-days old, with average weight of 4.3 kg were selected. Lambs were divided into two groups of experiment (n=6) and control (n=3). On the frst day of experiment, liver biopsy were taken by a small midline surgery from all lambs. In the following days, experiment group was fed milk containing 30000 Iu/kg of vitamin A daily. This regime was continued until the end of the third month. Blood sampling was taken weekly. The lambs were weighed at the end of the experiment. All lambs were slaughtered at the end of the third month. Liver samples of the slaughtered animals were taken for histopathological investigation and vitamin A analysis. Vitamin A level, ALP and SGOT activities in serum and vitamin A concentration in liver tissue were increased in the experiment group compared to control group (P<0.05). Priportal Hepatitis in light microscopic investigation was seen in experiment group. Weight gain was lower in experimental group compared to control group (P<0.05). The results showed that daily oral administrations of vitamin A approximately 900 times greater than the daily requirement manifests with lower weight gain presumably as a result of hepatic damage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
536 - Retrospective study of success rate of arthroplasty of hip joint in dog
H.R Fattahian فرخ Kabir حسام الدین Akbarein محمد Nasrollahzadeh Masouleh نیما Vazir بیتا VazirHip joint insuffciency (loss of function as a joint to transfer force) follows some causes as in congenital and traumatic conditions. Clinical signs depend on severity of joint involvement and degenerative changes. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine MoreHip joint insuffciency (loss of function as a joint to transfer force) follows some causes as in congenital and traumatic conditions. Clinical signs depend on severity of joint involvement and degenerative changes. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine and compare success rate of hip arthroplasty in referral toy and large breed dogs for 4 years. Eighty-four dogs with toy and large breed dogs less than one year old have been referred to small animal clinic with lameness, pain and loss of function on hind limb. Radiograph survey was prformed and revealed various changes in hip joint. Conservative and surgical treatments were carried out and followed up during two years period. All dogs tolerated head and neck resection of femur. In congenital cases, weight was not a determinant factor and there was not signifcant difference between DJD and outcome statistically, but in all congenital and traumatic cases less than one year old there was not a signifcant difference between DJD and outcome in less than 10 Kg and was statistically signifcant in dogs more than 10 kg. In our study we found that, weight and etiology were not effective factors on success rate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
537 - Field study of monochromatic light effect on Bursal Body Weight ratio and spleen weight
S.M. Pahlavani A. Sadrzadeh S. MohamadiLighting is a critical parameter in poultry breeding controlling many behavioral and physiological functions effectively. Measuring bursa of fabricius as the most important lymph node of the birds and setting the ratio of the bursa weight to the total body weight are al MoreLighting is a critical parameter in poultry breeding controlling many behavioral and physiological functions effectively. Measuring bursa of fabricius as the most important lymph node of the birds and setting the ratio of the bursa weight to the total body weight are also important parameters to assess the health and functionality of the immune system. To do so, 34700 day-old chicks were selected from a 26-week Ross 308 breeder farm randomly. The chicks were free from congenital mycoplasma and salmonella infections. They were divided into three groups according to the capacity of the poultry house randomly. The only difference among the groups was the lighting wavelengths. On days 1, 24 and 46; 10 chicks were weighed in gram and euthanized each time; following the bursa of fabricius and spleen was weighed separately in 0.001 g to make the ratio of it with the total body weight. In case of measuring the spleen, there was no significant difference between the green and yellow lights in day 24 but both were less than the blue one while in day 46, there were no significant differences (P>0/05) among the groups. In day 24, the weight of bursa of fabricius was not significantly different between the yellow and green lights but both were more than the blue light; also, it was true for the ratio of bursa of fabricius weight to the total body weight. In day 46, the analyses indicated that there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the ratio among the groups but the total body weight of the chicks breeding in blue light was a little more than the green one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
538 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi and compost on growth characteristics of lawn (Ray grass/ Perennial ryegrass) species (Lolium perenne L.)
Seyed Mohsen Nabavi Kalat Parvaneh Nezamolmolki Reza Sadrabadi HaghighiIn order to study the effect of mycorrhizal fungi and compost on some of the growth ‎characteristics of lawn (Ray grass/Perennial ryegrass) a greenhouse experiment was conducted ‎in factorial in completely randomized design with 3 replications at Plant Productio MoreIn order to study the effect of mycorrhizal fungi and compost on some of the growth ‎characteristics of lawn (Ray grass/Perennial ryegrass) a greenhouse experiment was conducted ‎in factorial in completely randomized design with 3 replications at Plant Productions Center, ‎Mashhad Municipality, during cropping season 2015-2016, Mashhad, Iran. The factors were ‎included five levels of compost (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 Wt% flower pot soil) and two species of ‎mycorrhizal fungi in four levels (Without application (Control), Glomus intaradices, Glomus ‎mosseae and Glomus intaradices + Glomus mosseae). The result of variance analysis showed ‎that the effect of compost on all traits, and mycorrhizal fungi on leaf length, root length, root ‎fresh and dry weight, root length / shoot length and chlorophyll content were significant. ‎However the effect of interaction between the two factors on traits was not significant. Based ‎on mean comparison of traits, the highest amount of all traits (Expect: root length/shoot ‎length) were obtained by 5% compost. The highest amount of root length/shoot length ‎obtained by 7% compost. The most root length, root fresh and dry weight and root ‎length/shoot length were influenced by Glomus intaradices + Glomus mosseae application. ‎Overall, the results of this study showed positive effect of the application of compost on all ‎traits and mycorrhizal fungi on root growth characteristics of lawn.‎ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
539 - Compare the Yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) in different planting patterns
Najmeh Songol Zadeh alireza shokuhfarThis experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications In the summer 2015 in an experimental farm, in Shushtar. Where planting pattern as main plots in three levels: 1- normal planting pattern (one row center MoreThis experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications In the summer 2015 in an experimental farm, in Shushtar. Where planting pattern as main plots in three levels: 1- normal planting pattern (one row center stack), 2- two-row planting in the region Daghab and facing each (mutual) on a stack, 3- Planting as zigzag double row distance of 30 cm on stacks at a distance 75 cm and sub-plots Includes four types of maize cultivar: 1- S.c 704, 2- S.c 706, 3- Bolsen. and 4- A.s 73. The results showed The difference between the different levels of planting patterns on The number of rows per maize and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on stem height, thousand grain weight and seed number per row was significant at %5 level of probability. The difference between the cultivar in number of seeds in row and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on stem height, number of rows per maize and thousand grain weight was significant at %5 level of probability. The highest grain yield in zigzag planting pattern with KSC 706 cultivar with 8247/59 kg/ha was. According to the results, application of double row zigzag planting pattern with cultivar new KSC 706 can With improve the physiological growth indices, The highest yield and yield components in the region gained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
540 - Effect of soil solarization on soil characteristics and weeds dry matter in Estahban region
Mohammad hassan Baeshtiagh Farhad Mohajeri In order to evaluation of solarization time and plastic color on germination of Amaranthus retroflexus and Sinapis arvensis in Estahban region, this study was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with More In order to evaluation of solarization time and plastic color on germination of Amaranthus retroflexus and Sinapis arvensis in Estahban region, this study was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Factors included solarization duration at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days, and plastic color at Transparent, non-transparent and dark levels. The effect of solarization duration on total dry weight of weeds showed that with increasing solarization time, dry weight of weeds decreased and there was a significant difference between different treatments of solarization time The lowest dry weight of weeds (36.2 g / m2) was observed in 60 days of solarization and the highest dry weight of weeds (162.55 g / m²) was observed in control treatment Also, the darker the color of the plastic, the total dry weight of the weeds decreased. The highest dry weight (95.1 gr / m2) was obtained in transparent plastic and the lowest dry weight (24.25 g / m2) in dark plastic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
541 - Compare the Yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) in different planting patterns
Najmeh Sangolzadeh Alireza ShokouhfarThis experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications In the summer 2015 in an experimental farm, in Shushtar. Where planting pattern as main plots in three levels: 1- normal planting pattern (one row center MoreThis experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications In the summer 2015 in an experimental farm, in Shushtar. Where planting pattern as main plots in three levels: 1- normal planting pattern (one row center stack), 2- two-row planting in the region Daghab and facing each (mutual) on a stack, 3- Planting as zigzag double row distance of 30 cm on stacks at a distance 75 cm and sub-plots Includes four types of maize cultivar: 1- S.c 704, 2- S.c 706, 3- Bolsen. and 4- A.s 73. The results showed The difference between the different levels of planting patterns on The number of rows per maize and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on stem height, thousand grain weight and seed number per row was significant at %5 level of probability. The difference between the cultivar in number of seeds in row and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on stem height, number of rows per maize and thousand grain weight was significant at %5 level of probability. The highest grain yield in zigzag planting pattern with KSC 706 cultivar with 8247/59 kg/ha was. According to the results, application of double row zigzag planting pattern with cultivar new KSC 706 can With improve the physiological growth indices, The highest yield and yield components in the region gained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
542 - Ranking of rural areas in terms of access to ICT facilities utilizes TOPSIS method
Adele Esmaeli Dastjerdi Poor Mohammad Chizari Mahmood Motavaseli Hasan SaddighiThese days, advanced technologies are one of the principle growth and development in countries. Nevertheless, existing digital gap between rural and urban areas is an important concern in communicational technologies developing. Because this gap stops benefit of develop MoreThese days, advanced technologies are one of the principle growth and development in countries. Nevertheless, existing digital gap between rural and urban areas is an important concern in communicational technologies developing. Because this gap stops benefit of developing policies and increases gap between rural and urban areas. To achieve equal and comprehensive growth, it is necessary to assessment availability of information and communication facilities and recognition weakness point to do necessary policies for improving. Ranking of rural regions based on access to the facilities would be suitable for this aim. This paper has two aims. First, survey effect of information and communication technology on development of agricultural sector and second, ranking rural areas based on access to information and communication technology facilities by using TOPSIS and Hierarchical Additive Weighting Method. To achieve first aim, an ICT indicator was estimated, and then surveys its effect on agricultural growth function. The results indicated that information and communication technology had significant positive effect Based on the ranking, Tehran, Khorasan-e Razavi and Fars had had the highest access to ICT facilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
543 - study the effect of meters on the content and format with Comparing meter of odes of Naser Khosrow and Saadi's Sonnets
Malek Shoai elham javaniMeter should be considered the most important element and common points of poem. In fact, meter is nature and the innate of a poem which some are so enamored with meter that cannot imagine poem without it. This study is trying to compare the frequency of meter of odes o MoreMeter should be considered the most important element and common points of poem. In fact, meter is nature and the innate of a poem which some are so enamored with meter that cannot imagine poem without it. This study is trying to compare the frequency of meter of odes of Naser Khosrow and Saadi's Sonnets to study the effect of meter on the content and format. In Saadi's Sonnets and odes of Naser Khosrow 18 common meters can be found. The total meters related to Saadi are 17 and total meters related to Nazer Khosrow are 6 meters which regarding the frequency of (2.63) is seen in specific meters of both Saadis' sonnets and Naser Khosrow odes.The number of Saadi's Sonnets are 2.5 times more than odes of Naser Khosrow. It in spite of can be deduced that the effect of meter is very impartial on the content and the potential meter in the poem, It can be found very weak relationship between the content and format of the sonnets and odes using of these meters considering various Factors must be analyzed that may influence this relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
544 - Investigation of Effective Parameters on Compressive Strength, Specific Electrical Resistance and Water Absorption of Lightweight Pervious Concrete
shahriar gholamin noveirsar مرتضی جمشیدی رحمت مدندوستPervious concrete is a special type of lightweight concrete with low or even zero slump, which consists of cement, coarse aggregate, a limited percentage of fine aggregate (or no fine aggregate), various chemical and pozzolanic additives. In this article, structural LEC MorePervious concrete is a special type of lightweight concrete with low or even zero slump, which consists of cement, coarse aggregate, a limited percentage of fine aggregate (or no fine aggregate), various chemical and pozzolanic additives. In this article, structural LECA with a volumetric weight of 750 kg/m3 and a fixed water-to-cement ratio (W/C = 0.3) was used to make lightweight pervious concrete and the effect of different ratios of lightweight aggregate to cement (A/C) including 1.5, 1.8, 2.1, 2.4, 2.7, 3, total porosity and volume percentage of cement paste on compressive strength , specific electrical resistance and percentage of water absorption of lightweight pervious concrete aged 28 days were investigated. With the increase of A/C ratio from 1.5 to 3, the volume of cement paste decreased from 30.873% to 15.436% in the samples and the total porosity increased from 21.64% to 38.08%, which led to a decrease Specific electrical resistance decreased from 11.45 to 6.841 , compressive strength decreased from 13.27 MPa to 4.37 MPa, and water absorption increased from 11.185% to 12.695% in lightweight pervious concrete samples. The results of this research showed the improvement of physical properties and the decrease of mechanical properties and durability of lightweight pervious concrete containing LECA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
545 - The Causal Relationship of Culture Oriented Tendency to Control Weight Based on Self Concept (Ideal and Real) among Overweight Girls Mediated by Alexithymia
Akbar Atadokht Seyed Mohsen Nemati Peyman Asef Nasim AbdoliThe research was purposed to study causal relationship of culture oriented tendency to control weight based on self-concept (ideal and real) among overweight girls mediated by alexithymia. The statistical population consisted of all overweight girls referred to nutritio MoreThe research was purposed to study causal relationship of culture oriented tendency to control weight based on self-concept (ideal and real) among overweight girls mediated by alexithymia. The statistical population consisted of all overweight girls referred to nutritional clinics in Ardabil. The sample encompassed 250 subjects whom were selected via convenient sampling procedure. The research method was descriptive of correlational one. To collect data Rogers’ Self-Concept Scale (1938), Toronto Bagby et al.’s Alexithymia Scale (1994) and Dietary Adherence Scale (1994) were implemented. The data was analyzed by applying Pearson's correlation coefficient and path analysis, using SPSS-26 and AMOS-23 software. The results revealed that there was a direct positive and significant relationship between ideal self-concept and tendency to control weight, while there is a negative and significant relationship between real self-concept and tendency to control weight. The results of indirect correlation coefficient also suggested that alexithymia, as a mediating variable between the real self-concept and tendency to control weight, could negatively and significantly predict the tendency to control weight and positively and significantly predict the tendency to control weight in the relation between ideal self-concept and tendency to control weight. The results indicated an optimal goodness of fit of the model. Finally alexithymia as a mediating variable in the relationship between self-concept and the tendency to control weight can play an important role in controlling the weight of overweight girls. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
546 - Effect of Planting Date and Zinc Sulfate on Phenology, Growth Indices and Grain Yield of Lallemantiaiberica (M.B.) Fischer & Meyer
Mina Rostami Farid Shekari Kamran Afsahi Majid KhiyaviThe production of oilseeds, edible leaves, and secondary metabolites of dragon's head makes it an important food, forage, and medicinal plant. Choosing a proper planting date and plant nutrition can make a significant effecton crop plantsgrowth, quality and yield.The ef MoreThe production of oilseeds, edible leaves, and secondary metabolites of dragon's head makes it an important food, forage, and medicinal plant. Choosing a proper planting date and plant nutrition can make a significant effecton crop plantsgrowth, quality and yield.The effects of planting date (16 March, 14 April, and 13 May 2019) and foliar application of zinc sulfate (zero as control, 2 and 4 g.L-1) on growth indices and seed yield of dragon's head was evaluated under a field experiment.Delayed planting date reduced the days to flowering, days to seed ripening, plant height, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and grain yield, and yield components.In contrast, the use of zinc sulfate increased plant height, LAI, CGR and RGR. There was a correlation between plant height and number of branches and consequently there were more capsules per plant.The highest effect of zinc sulfate application on seed yield and yield components was observed in the first planting date and with delay in planting, the efficiency of zinc sulfate fertilizer application decreased. On the third planting date, zinc sulfate application had no significant effect on grain yield. As a result of late planting, fewer branches, fewer capsules per plant, and smaller seeds contributed to the yield reduction.It was found that early cultivation and application of zinc sulfate increased plant height, number of branches, number of capsules per plant, 1000-seed weight, and thus seed yield, by increasing the days to flowering, days to ripening, LAI, CGR, and RGR. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
547 - Comparing the efficiency of composite scores constructing methods in the Test Battery by Utilization of conditional standard error of measurement
مجتبی جهانی فر حجت اله درفشThe test is used for decision-making in education. Decision that is taken by results of a test raises sensitivity. Admission decision is taken according to score that is acquired in test. If the test is composed of several sub-tests with different content is named Test MoreThe test is used for decision-making in education. Decision that is taken by results of a test raises sensitivity. Admission decision is taken according to score that is acquired in test. If the test is composed of several sub-tests with different content is named Test Battery and the resulting score is called composite score. Different methods can be designed to construct composite scores, and based on the composite scores, admission decision is made toward accepting or not accepting inviduals. But which constructing technique can be design with more precision and less error? So, it is more efficient than other composite score constructing techniques. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of ways to make the composite score that is used in the Test Battery was conducted. 10,000 random real samples from Iran universities entrance exam in seven sub-tests have used to compare efficiency of 6 methods that was designed to construct composite scores. Raw scores obtained from correct answers, so Normalizing and Arcsine methods was used to construct scale scores. To reduce irregularity in the distribution of scores, kernel smoothing methods and to make composite scores, nominal and effective weighting schemes were used. To evaluate the effectiveness of the composite scores constructing methods, the conditional standard error of measurement was used. Results showed that composite scores that used Arcsine scale scores or normalization scale score with pre-smoothing had less average conditional standard error of measurement and more efficiency in compare to other methods Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
548 - A TOPSIS-Based Improved Weighting Approach With Evolutionary Computation
Mithat Zeydan Murat Güngör Burak UrazelAlthough optimization of weighted objectives is ubiquitous in production scheduling, the literature concerning the determination of weights used in these objectives is scarce. Authors usually suppose that weights are given in advance, and focus on the solution methods f MoreAlthough optimization of weighted objectives is ubiquitous in production scheduling, the literature concerning the determination of weights used in these objectives is scarce. Authors usually suppose that weights are given in advance, and focus on the solution methods for the specific problem at hand. However, weights directly settle the class of optimal solutions, and are of utmost importance in any practical scheduling problem. In this study, we propose a new weighting approach for single machine scheduling problems. First, factor weights to be used in customer evaluation are found by solving a nonlinear optimization problem using the covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy (CMAES) under fuzzy environment that takes a pairwise comparison matrix as input. Next, customers are sorted using the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) by means of which job weights are obtained. Finally, taking these weights as an input, a total weighted tardiness minimization problem is solved by using mixed-integer linear programming to find the best job sequence. This combined methodology may help companies make robust schedules not based purely on subjective judgment, find the best compromise between customer satisfaction and business needs, and thereby ensure profitability in the long run. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
549 - INTRODUCING TWO CLASSES OF OPTIMAL CODES DERIVED FROM ONE WEIGHT F qFq[u]-ADDITIVE CODES
sadegh sadeghi narjes mohsenifarLet $\mathbb{F}_{q}$ be a finite field with $q$ elements where $q = p^{m}$, and $R=\mathbb{F}_{q}+u \mathbb{F}_{q}$ denotes the ring $\frac{\mathbb{F}_{q}[u] }{\langle u^{2}\rangle}$. For positive integers $\alpha$ and $\beta$, a nonempty subset $C$ of $\mathbb{F}_{q}^ MoreLet $\mathbb{F}_{q}$ be a finite field with $q$ elements where $q = p^{m}$, and $R=\mathbb{F}_{q}+u \mathbb{F}_{q}$ denotes the ring $\frac{\mathbb{F}_{q}[u] }{\langle u^{2}\rangle}$. For positive integers $\alpha$ and $\beta$, a nonempty subset $C$ of $\mathbb{F}_{q}^{\alpha}\times R^{\beta}$ is called an $\mathbb{F}_{q}\mathbb{F}_{q}[u]$-additive code if $C$ is an $R$-submodule of $\mathbb{F}_{q}^{\alpha}\times R^{\beta}$. In this paper, we study these codes with respect to homogenous and Lee weights. Among main results, by the Gray image of these codes, we obtain $[q^{2}+q, 2, q^{2}]$ and $[2(q+1), 2, 2q]$ one weight optimal codes over $\mathbb{F}_{q}$. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
550 - Compare the effectiveness of emotional regulation group intervention and cognitive behavioral therapy on emotion regulation of overweight people
Maral Tavafi Mohammad Hatami Hasan Ahadi Sara SarafizadehAlthough obesity and overweight are one of the high-income countries’ problems, it becomes low- and average-income countries difficulty too. Obesity is a medical condition that fatty tissues stored in the body more than normal; also, this may cause retrogression o MoreAlthough obesity and overweight are one of the high-income countries’ problems, it becomes low- and average-income countries difficulty too. Obesity is a medical condition that fatty tissues stored in the body more than normal; also, this may cause retrogression of health indicators, such as decreased average lifespan, and or lower the quality. The aim of this study was to compare effectiveness of group training emotional regulation and cognitive behavioral therapy on emotion regulation of overweight people. For this purpose, during a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and the control group, 60 overweigh individuals referred to medical centers were selected with convenient sampling. Participants were divided into three groups randomly (two experimental group and one control group). Participants assessed with emotional regulation before and after interventions. Both experimental groups received 8 sessions of treatment. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the emotional regulation methods and cognitive behavior therapy are effective on emotion regulation of overweight individuals; also, emotional regulation therapy is more effective than cognitive-behavioral therapy. The findings support the impact of treatments that emphasize on emotional management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
551 - The Effectiveness of Group Schema Therapy on Body Dysmorphic Symptoms and Early Maladaptive Schemes in Girl Students with Overweight Concerns
mehdi dehestani Zohreh Azizi Zohreh AziziPeople with body dysmorphic disorders always concern about an artificial or excessive deficit and have mental obsession. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group schema therapy on reducing body dysmorphic symptoms and early maladaptive MorePeople with body dysmorphic disorders always concern about an artificial or excessive deficit and have mental obsession. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group schema therapy on reducing body dysmorphic symptoms and early maladaptive schemas in girl students with overweight concerns. For this purpose, during a two-stage sampling method, some students were chosen based on Cluster sampling method. Then, all students were screened using the Killen Weight Concerns Questionnaire (WCS) and 30 students were selected as the second stage of sampling in a simple random sampling and randomly placed in 2 experimental and control groups. During the experiment, obssesive compulsive thoughts and schemas were assessed, and also, 12 sessions of group schema therapy were used. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that the two groups have significantly different meanings for body dysmorphic variables, impaired autonomy and performance, impaired limits, and over-vigilance and Inhibition (p< 0.05) disconnection and rejection and directedness (p> 0.05). Group schema therapy has been able to effectively useful in reducing body dysmorphic symptoms in girls with overweight concerns. Also, three domains of early maladaptive schemas (autonomy, limitation, and vigilance) from all five domains have been influenced by group schema therapy, decreased in scores. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
552 - Comparison of the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on self-efficacy, lifestyle related to eating and body mass index in overweight people
Niknaz Salehi Moghadam Mohammad Hatami Hsan Ahadi Hamid Reza HatamiFor years, clinical psychologists have found that emotional states can affect physical problems, and the link between psychological stress and physical characteristics, including obesity, has recently been evaluated. Self-efficacy is one of the concepts that have attrac MoreFor years, clinical psychologists have found that emotional states can affect physical problems, and the link between psychological stress and physical characteristics, including obesity, has recently been evaluated. Self-efficacy is one of the concepts that have attracted a lot of attention in weight loss programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dialectical behavioural therapy on lifestyle self-efficacy related to eating and body mass index in overweight people. For this purpose, during a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test group, among overweight people referred to medical centres and regional nutrition clinics in Tehran, 30 people were selected as convenient samples and assigned in two experimental groups and control group. The experimental group treated with dialectical behavioural therapy, and the control group only participated in group sessions on food awareness and food types. Before and after the intervention, the groups were assessed for self-efficacy, lifestyle, weight, and body mass index. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance (Manqua) showed that dialectical behavioral therapy is effective on lifestyle self-efficacy. The results of this study support the effectiveness of dialectical behavioural therapy on self-efficacy, eating lifestyle, and body mass index in overweight people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
553 - Comparison of the Effects of a Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction Intervention and Biofeedback Exercises on Attention Control, Executive Functions, and Food Craving in Overweight and Obese Women
Bahareh Mirahmadi mohammad oraki kamal parhoonThe growing number of obese and overweight people is a serious health problem. Obesity and overweight have been noted among the most serious health threats and the epidemics of the third millennium. The aim of the present research was to compare the effects of mindfulne MoreThe growing number of obese and overweight people is a serious health problem. Obesity and overweight have been noted among the most serious health threats and the epidemics of the third millennium. The aim of the present research was to compare the effects of mindfulness and biofeedback exercises on attention control, executive functions, and food cravings in overweight and obese women. In this quasi-experimental study, 48 women referring to the clinic of the Oil and Gas Company of Bandar Abbas were selected by the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the three groups of mindfulness, biofeedback, and control. The participants in these groups were evaluated for attention control, executive functions, and food craving before, after and one month after the interventions. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the intervention groups had higher control attention scores while lower mean scores for executive functions and food craving than the control group. The results indicated the effectiveness of mindfulness and biofeedback exercises on improving executive functions and attention control and reducing craving for foods in overweight and obese women. Therefore, identifying the mechanisms underlying the effects of these two interventions can have positive consequences on the cognitive and psychological abilities of overweight and obese women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
554 - The effect of 8 weeks of Pilates exercises with and without vitamin D supplementation on body composition and osteoporosis in overweight postmenopausal women
Saber Rezanejad Zeynab Mehri babadi Akram khani RozvehIntroduction: The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of Pilates exercises with and without vitamin D supplementation on body composition and osteoporosis in overweight postmenopausal women. Methodology: The statistical populatio MoreIntroduction: The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of Pilates exercises with and without vitamin D supplementation on body composition and osteoporosis in overweight postmenopausal women. Methodology: The statistical population of this study included postmenopausal women with an age range (50-70 years) and a high body mass index (25 to 29 kg/m2), with 40 women in three experimental groups and one group were controlled. The first group of 10 people only did Pilates, the second group of 10 people only took vitamin D supplements, the third group of 10 people did Pilates with the supplement and the last group was considered as the control group. The subjects participated in the Pilates exercise program, which included 8 weeks of three sessions of one hour per week, and took vitamin D supplements according to the schedule. Finally, the subjects' body mass index, vitamin D level, and osteoporosis level were determined before and after the activity. To check the results, the statistical method of covariance test was used at the significance level of P≤0.05. Results: Based on the obtained results, Pilates exercises along with vitamin D supplementation had an effect on the body composition of overweight postmenopausal women and reduced the body mass index of women (P≤0.05)). Pilates exercises combined with vitamin D supplementation had an effect on osteoporosis in overweight postmenopausal women and the rate of osteoporosis in the subjects was reduced (P≤0.05). However, supplement consumption and Pilates exercise alone did not affect the amount of body mass index and osteoporosis (P≤0.05). Conclusion: According to the results obtained from this research, it is possible to suggest Pilates exercises along with vitamin D supplementation to overweight postmenopausal women to improve body composition and prevent osteoporosis. The main goal of osteoporosis treatment is to prevent fractures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
555 - The impact of planting method and nitrogen chemical biofertilizer on the sunflower yield components
مريم پیرمحمدی علی نصرالله زاده اصلIn the direction of chemical fertilizer reduction and avoidance of environmental pollution, an experiment was carried out, using the nitroxin biofertilizer and refining the planting methods, on the sunflower yield components. It was done in factorial complete random blo MoreIn the direction of chemical fertilizer reduction and avoidance of environmental pollution, an experiment was carried out, using the nitroxin biofertilizer and refining the planting methods, on the sunflower yield components. It was done in factorial complete random blocks with two factors and three replications in Chaypareh, in 1393. The first planting method included two levels ( plot and mound stream ), the second one with nitrogen fertilizer in six levels ( control, biofertilizer of bionitroxin together with 50 kg of urea chemical fertilizer; nitroxin biofertilizer with 150 kg urea, and 200 kg urea chemical fertilizer. The results showed that the nitrogen fertilizer had significant impact on the height of stalk, diameter of bush and anthodium, 100-grain weight, number of seeds on the plate, and seed yield. The highest seed yield was seen in complete use of urea fertilizer treatments and nitrogen biofertilizer with 150 kg urea chemical fertilizer. These two treatments, in seed yield, were in one statistical group which are recommended for the reduction of chemical fertilizer and environment preservation by which %25 of urea fertilizer consumption is reduced. The effect of planting method was also meaningful to the brush height, plate and stalk diameter, 100-seed weight, the number of seeds on the plate, and seed yield. The highest seed yield was seen as 599.08 kg per square meter by planting on stream mound method. In this case, plant uses the natural resources efficiently and the seed yield is increased by %20 in mound planting method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
556 - The Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Arginine and Rice Hull on Growth Performance, Immune Responses, Intestinal Morphology, Tibia Bone Mineral Content and Intestinal Microbial Population of Broiler Chickens
M. Abbasabadi S.M. Hosseini H. Naeimipour F. Izadi YazdanabadiArginine and fibers may have positive effects on gastrointestinal tract and indirectly affect immune re-sponses, growth performance, intestinal morphology and microbial population. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of arginine and ric MoreArginine and fibers may have positive effects on gastrointestinal tract and indirectly affect immune re-sponses, growth performance, intestinal morphology and microbial population. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of arginine and rice hull on growth performance, immune re-sponses, intestinal morphology and intestinal microbial population of broiler chickens. Three hundred and sixty male broiler chickens were randomly allocated into nine dietary treatments with four replications of 10 broiler chickens based on a factorial arrangement (3×3) in a completely randomized design. Experimen-tal treatments were including basal diets supplemented with arginine (90, 100, and 110% recommended levels), and fiber (0.00, 2.50, and 5.00%). Growth performance, immune responses, intestinal morphology, tibia bone mineral content and intestinal microbial population of broiler chickens were measured. The ef-fects of dietary inclusion of rice hull, arginine, and their interactions were significant on average daily gain (P<0.05) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P<0.05), so that highest gain and the lowest feed conversion ratio were observed in broiler chickens fed with highest levels of arginine (110.00%) and fiber (5.00%). Dietary supplementation of arginine progressively increased immune responses (P<0.05), while inclusion of rice hull increased villus height and crypt depth (P<0.05) and decreased the concentrations of calcium (P<0.05), phosphorous (P<0.05) and magnesium (P<0.05). The inclusion of arginine (P<0.05), and fiber (P<0.05) in higher levels increased Lactobacilli population (P<0.05). In total, higher levels of fiber (5.00%) and arginine (110.00%) improved the growth performance and are suggested in diet of broiler chickens for improving growth performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
557 - The effect of Virginiamycin and protein diet on the body weight and feed conversion of broilers at heat stress
Babak AsadiA total of 300 day-old chicks in a completely randomized design using a factorial arrangement with 4 treatments were used to study the effects of different levels of nutrients and Virginiamycin on the body weight and feed conversion of broilers. Test diets were formulat MoreA total of 300 day-old chicks in a completely randomized design using a factorial arrangement with 4 treatments were used to study the effects of different levels of nutrients and Virginiamycin on the body weight and feed conversion of broilers. Test diets were formulated to provide 100 or 110 percent of protein recommended by NRC and was fed either with or without 25 ppm of Virginiamycin to 3 pens of 25 chicks. Weekly body weight and feed conversion were measured and at the end of the trial, two chicks of each pen were selected, killed and dressing percentage and feed conversion were determined. Data from this experiment showed that the 6 weeks age birds, which received Virginiamycin, at two diets, were significantly (p < 0.01) heavier. Addition of 25ppm Virginiamycin also improved (p < 0.01) body weight in diet of NRC + 110% CP. Addition of 25 ppm Virginiamycin significantly (p < 0.01) improved feed conversion rate at the diet of NRC + 110% CP. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
558 - Effect of row distances on the yield and some agronomic traits in two lines of lentil (Vicia villosa L.)
Shagayeg Sharifi Topragh Ghaleh mahmod pooryousef khoshnoud alizadehSinceVicia villosa is an important forage crop among forage plants in terms of cattle feeding, planting possibility in weak lands, resistance to cold, drought and grazing, as well as its role in soil fertility, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomi MoreSinceVicia villosa is an important forage crop among forage plants in terms of cattle feeding, planting possibility in weak lands, resistance to cold, drought and grazing, as well as its role in soil fertility, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Iranian Dryland Agricultural Research Station in maraghehat 2007. Factors included two lines: A1v.d (2440) and A2v.d (2446), four row distances: B1 (17.5 cm), B2 (20 cm), B3 (22.5 cm) and B4 (25 cm). The results showed that 17.5 cm row distance caused the highest total dry matter weight and total seeds weight. Row distance of 22.5 cm led to the highest vegetation percent age that had significant difference with lower row distances. Fresh and dry biomass at flowering stage for 25 cm row distance were greater that 25 cm row distance, but it had no significant difference with other row distances. The greatest 1000 seeds weight was observed in 25 cm row distance, but it was only significantly different with 22.5cm row distance. Two lines had no differences in respect of all studied characteristics. Based on the results, 20 cm was considered as the best row distance to produce reliable forge at flowering stage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
559 - Drought effect on root dry weight in three potato cultivars
Mohammad Bager Khorshidi Farrokh Rahimzadeh Khoii Mohammad Javad MirHadi Gorban Nur mohamadiDrought effect on root dry weight of three potato cultivars (Marfona, Agria, and Draga) were evaluated in a strip block design with three replicates. Stress treatments (four levels) were arranged in horizontal and cultivars in vertical plots. After cultivation practices MoreDrought effect on root dry weight of three potato cultivars (Marfona, Agria, and Draga) were evaluated in a strip block design with three replicates. Stress treatments (four levels) were arranged in horizontal and cultivars in vertical plots. After cultivation practices and fertilizer applying, seed tubers were sown in 25*75 cm in nine 5-meter rows and irrigated immediately. Irrigation treatments were equal for all treatment until stress began. After 50% flowering until the end of flowering, stress treatments were applied. Root dry weights were measured every other week. ANOVA showed that any stress might decrease root dry weights as compared with the control. In stress levels, differences in root dry weights recovered in the end of growth season. In spite of yield decrease, there were no differences in root dry weights at stress levels. Some of reasons of Agria's higher yield than Draga in mild and severe drought may be its high root dry weights, so it had longer active roots and adsorbed more water and minerals from soil than Draga. It seems that there was no new root formation in the end of season period and matured roots remobilized dry matter to tubers, but in case of drought, new roots with less dry matter produced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
560 - Effects of plant density and defoliation during development stages on yield and yield components of sunflower
Mohsen Roshdi sasan rezdost javad khalilimahalleh navvab Hajihasani AslTo evaluation of effects of plant density and defoliation in two development stages on yield and yield components of sunflower, two year research was carried out during 2004-2006 in the agriculture research station of Khoy. The experiment was done in split factorial in MoreTo evaluation of effects of plant density and defoliation in two development stages on yield and yield components of sunflower, two year research was carried out during 2004-2006 in the agriculture research station of Khoy. The experiment was done in split factorial in the basis of randomized complete block design in three replications. The plant density levels were considered as the main factor in three levels of 30000, 40000, 50000 plants per hectare and defoliation percentage in four levels (0, 33, 66 and 100 percent) and defoliation stage in appearance of anthodium and anthesis were as the sub factors. The results of compound analysis of variance showed that plant density effect was significant on plant height and stem diameter, seed numbers in an anthodium, thousand seed weight, plant lodging percentage and grain yield. The maximum grain yield was obtained in 50000 plant density per hectare treatment with optimum leaf area index and sufficient number of anthodium in area unit. However, this treatment caused the least number of seeds in an anthodium and thousand seed weight. Increasing defoliation percentage resulted in decreased number of seeds in an anthodium, thousand seed weight, grain yield and harvest index. Defoliation in the anthesis stage had more negative effect on thousand seed weight, number of seeds in an anthodium, grain yield and harvest index than defoliation in appearance of anthodium. The results showed that cropping of sunflower in density of 50000 plants per hectare with leaves protection and high leaf area duration resulted in economical yield in Khoy region and so, even little percentage of defoliation in any different development stages wasn’t recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
561 - Interaction of Irrigation Regimes and Nitrogen Sources on Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat
Azhdar Annabi-MilaniNowadays increase of population and need for food and limitation of water resources have caused that the worth of this vital liquid to be cleared up more than ever. A field experiment was conducted at Tabriz plain during 1997-2000 to determination the water requirement MoreNowadays increase of population and need for food and limitation of water resources have caused that the worth of this vital liquid to be cleared up more than ever. A field experiment was conducted at Tabriz plain during 1997-2000 to determination the water requirement of wheat and interaction between applied water and sources of N fertilizer on water use efficiency (WUE). The experiment was carried out in factorial randomized complete block design with 4 irrigation levels (I1 to I4) based on Irrigation Depth per Cumulative Pan Evaporation (ID: CPE) ratios of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 in combination with 3 sources of N (N1 to N3) comprising ammonium sulfate, urea and ammonium nitrate and with 4 replications. Results indicated that there was significant difference between I1 and other treatments on both biomass and grain yield, but there was no difference between I2, I3 and I4. WUE was different between treatments significantly. Treatment I1 producing 1.89 kgmand treatment I4 with 1.09 kgmhad maximum and minimum WUE respectively. Mean consumed water in 3 years (irrigation plus rainfall) for I1 to I4 was calculated to be 4556, 5776, 6685 and 7713 m3ha-1 respectively. There were no significant differences between treatments in 1000 kernel weight, harvest index (HI) and protein content of seeds. Sources of N had no significant effect on WUE and yield component except 1000 kernel weight. Interaction of irrigation levels and N sources concerning yield components and WUE was not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
562 - Evaluation of yield and yield components of hopeful hybrids of spring canola, Brassica napus in Iranshahr climatic condition
Mahdi Noorabonjar In order to evaluate the adaptability, yield and yield components of 12 hopeful hybrids of spring canola in Iranshahr climate, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in agricultural and natural resources res More In order to evaluate the adaptability, yield and yield components of 12 hopeful hybrids of spring canola in Iranshahr climate, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in agricultural and natural resources research center of System and Balouchestan province during 2005-2006. Results showed significant differences of genotypes in plant height, thousand seed weight, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, number of days to flowering, the length of flowering period, the length of ripening period and numbers of days to harvest. Hyola 401 had the most grain yield, thousand kernel weight, oil percent and yield than other hybrids. Hyola308/3 indicated the least grain and oil yield. However, the higher percent of seed oil, plant height and numbers of pods per plant were observed in this hybrid. Hyola308 and syn-2 had more numbers of seed per pod than others. Syn-3 indicated longer flowering period. Hyola308 and Hyola 420 had the higher length of ripening period and hyola43 indicated longer growing period. Thousand kernel weight and the length of ripening period after flowering showed positive correlation with grain yield and oil yield. Length of growing and flowering periods had also negative significant correlation with oil and grain yields in this experiment. Based on the results, the most grain yield was obtained from Hyola 401 and Hyola308. Whereas, Hyola308/3 and Hyola330 produced the least grain yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
563 - Study of genetic diversity of high and low molecular weight glutenins in wheat landraces of Zanjan region, Iran
Arash Mohammadi Mostafa Valizadeh Mohammad Moghaddam Yousef Arshad Neda Javadian Naser Mohebalipour In order to evaluate genetic diversity of wheat landraces of Zanjan region of Iran by the electrophoresis of seed storage proteins, 30 accessions from this area were provided from national plant gene bank of Iran in Karaj. Electrophoresis of high molecular weight More In order to evaluate genetic diversity of wheat landraces of Zanjan region of Iran by the electrophoresis of seed storage proteins, 30 accessions from this area were provided from national plant gene bank of Iran in Karaj. Electrophoresis of high molecular weight (HMW-GS) and low molecular weight (LMW-GS) glutenins was undertaken by SDS-PAGE with sequential extraction. For HMW-GS, three tetraploid accessions including TN-11372, TN-11734 and TN-11743 were identified which did not contain any alleles of Glu-D1 locus. In Glu-A1 locus, 83.33% of the landraces had null allele and 16.67% of them had subunit 2*. In Glu-B1 locus, subunits 7+8 had highest frequency (36.67%) and alleles 13+16 and 21 showed lowest frequency (3.33%). One exceptional subunit related to this locus was characterized in accession TN-11384 which named 6*. In Glu-D1 locus, subunits 2+12 were identified in 77.78% of accessions and subunits 3+12 were characterized in other accessions. In Glu-3 locus, 12 LMW subunits were observed with different mobilities and genetic diversity index (H) was 0.844. The high diversity characteristics of seed storage proteins may be useful in identification of varieties and ploidy levels and determining bread making quality in order to improving wheat quality characteristics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
564 - Seed priming of salicylic acid on vigor and morphological traits of safflower seedlings
Leila Mohammadi farid shekari jalal saba esmail zanganiOne of the techniques which is used for improving and increasing seed germination and emergence under normal and stress conditions is seed priming. Effect of salicylic acid (SA) priming on morphological and vigor of seedlings was studied in a safflower variety named Gol MoreOne of the techniques which is used for improving and increasing seed germination and emergence under normal and stress conditions is seed priming. Effect of salicylic acid (SA) priming on morphological and vigor of seedlings was studied in a safflower variety named Goldasht. The experiment was executed in the field. Eight levels of seed treatments included: control (untreated seed), 0 (hydroprimed seed), primed seeds with 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 and 2400 μM SA were considered. The results showed that seed priming by SA was more effective than hydropriming and consequently rised up seed vigor and seedlings performance. Seed priming by SA lead to an increase in germination percentage, emergence index, seedling total dry weight, root length, leaf number and leaf area index; and a decrease to averge germination period. High root density (60%) was obtained for 2400 μM SA as compared to the control and hydropriming treatments. Leaf number was added from 6.7 in the control to 10.17 in 2400 μM treatment, average leaf area of individual leaf increased at least 30% in high level of SA. The results disclosed that seed priming by SA increased both plant leaf area and leaf area index as a consequence of higher leaf number and individual leaf area. Having added levels of SA applications was accompyning with accelerating in root length and dryweight. In addition to root length, SA also enhanced root density. The highest root density in seedlings were found at high level of SA concentration. However, hydropriming had no significant effects on meaured traits and lowest amounts of most characteristics was belonging to the control and hydroprimed seeds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
565 - Effects of thiourea on dormancy break and yield production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) minitubers of Agria cultivar in the glasshouse
Sardar Germchi Mohammad Bager Khorshidi Benam davod hasanpanahThis experiment was conducted to study the effects of thiourea application on dormancy break of minitubers in Agria cultivar of poatato in the glasshouse in 2006. Thiourea was used at three levels as 0, 0.5, and 1% solutions using a completely ra MoreThis experiment was conducted to study the effects of thiourea application on dormancy break of minitubers in Agria cultivar of poatato in the glasshouse in 2006. Thiourea was used at three levels as 0, 0.5, and 1% solutions using a completely randomized design with three replicates. After breaking the dormancy of minitubers, characters like days to sprouting, length of the longest sprout, and sprout numbers were measured. Then, minitubers planted in pots and characters such as days to emergence, main stem numbers, and plant height were measured. Tuber numbers per plant, yield and mean tuber weight per plant was also calculated at harvest. The results of variance analysis displayed that thiourea affected all attributes, significantly. Application of 1% thiourea shortened duration of sprouting from 60 to 26 days, increased sprout numbers from 1.8 to 3.1, accelerated sprout length from 1.8 to 4.1 cm, shortened days to emergence from 60 to 29 days, increased stem numbers from 1.2 to 2.4, lengthened plant height at least 30.6 cm, increased tuber numbers per plant from 5 to 9, decreased mean tuber weight per plant at least about 22.1 gr and enhanced total tuber weight per plant from 183 to 202 gr. Therefore, application of 1% thiourea is advisable for breaking minituber dormancy of potato for a short time and consequently, resulted in rapid emergence, and more minituber numbers per plant and higher tuber yield in Agria variety as compared with the non-treated minitubers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
566 - Effects of plant density on yield and yield components of a single cross corn (cv. SC 711) in Miyaneh region, Iran
Mohammad Reza Movahedi behruz salehiEffects of plant density (row intervals and plant distances) on the yield and yield components of a single cross corn named 711 were studied in Mianeh region, Azarbayejan-e-Sharqi Province, Iran. The experiment was a factorial based on a randomized block design wi MoreEffects of plant density (row intervals and plant distances) on the yield and yield components of a single cross corn named 711 were studied in Mianeh region, Azarbayejan-e-Sharqi Province, Iran. The experiment was a factorial based on a randomized block design with four replications and was carried out in Agricultural Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch, in 2005. Factors of the experiment consisted of three row intrevals of 45, 60 and 75 cm and three poulations of 50000, 65000 and 80000 plants per hectare. At the occasion of physiological maturity, when the moisture content of seeds reached to 14%, the yield was harvested. Yield and yield components such as weight of 1000 seeds, stem weight, ear weight, biological weight (TDW), harvest index, number of seeds and ears per row were meatured. The results of variance analysis showed essential differences between row intervals indicating that by increasing row distances, weight of 1000 seeds, stem weight, biological weight, number of seeds in each row were significantly increased at 5% of probability level; but other characters were not affected by row intervals. Increasing plant poulation was accompayning with a significant shift of biomas weight, harvest index and yield (P < 5%), but weight of 1000 seeds, stem weight, ear weight and number of seeds in each row significantly decreased. Row intervals of 60 cm in combination with plant poulation of 65000 /ha produced the highest yield (13080 kg/ha) and 75 cm row interval with 50000 plant poulation produced the lowest yield (8154 kg/ha) among the treatments. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024