Effect of Plant Density on Some Morphological Traits, Yield and Yield Components of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cultivars

Subject Areas : Journal of Plant Ecophysiology

Afshin  Mokhtari ¹ (دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران)
Seyyed Gholamreza  Moosavi ² (Associate Professor, Islamic Azad University, Birjand Branch, Birjand, Iran)

Received: 2015-09-21 Accepted : 2016-03-21 Published : 2018-11-22

Keywords: Oil, Variety, Seed weight, Oil seed, seed number per head,

Abstract :

To study the effect of plant density on some morphological traits, oil percent, yield and yield components of sunflower cultivars, an experiment was conducted at Research Field of Birjand branch Islamic Azad University, Iran in 2009 as a split-plot experiment arranged on a randomized complete blocks design with three replication. In this research main plots were four sunflower cultivars (Progres, Hisan 36, Zaria and Star) and sub-plots were plant density (5, 7.5 and 10 plants. m-2). The results indicated that the effect of cultivar on morphological traits, yield and yield components and oil yield were significant. Also, all mentioned traits and oil percent were significantly affected by plant density with exception on leaf number per plant. Mean comparison also indicated that Progres cultivar was significantly superior for plant height, stem diameter, leaf number per plant, head diameter, 100- seed weight and harvest index as compared with other cultivars. Also, increased density from 5 to 10 plants. m-2 increased plant height and yields of seed, biological and oil, 13.2, 49.5, 67.5 and 64.8 % respectively, but significantly decreased seed number per head, 100-seed weight and harvest index, 14.8, 12.8 and 8.6 %, respectively. Overall, it is recommended to use Progres cultivar with the density of 10 plants. m-2 for the cultivation of sunflower under the conditions of the this study.

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