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Open Access Article
1 - Investigating the relationship between psychological well-being and job performance with the mediating role of emotional commitment and moderating job insecurity
Marzieh Heydari abolfazl zarinkola Elham Yousefi Masoumeh YousefiThis study aims to investigating the relationship between psychological well-being and job performance with the mediating role of emotional commitment and moderating job insecurity. The statistical population of this research is made up of the teachers of Bowanat school MoreThis study aims to investigating the relationship between psychological well-being and job performance with the mediating role of emotional commitment and moderating job insecurity. The statistical population of this research is made up of the teachers of Bowanat schools, whose number is 880. In order to select the sample size, a sample of 268 people was randomly selected according to the size using Cochran's formula. To measure job performance from the questionnaire of Shahrazad et al. (2018), emotional commitment (Allen and Mayer, 1990), hedonic well-being (Diener et al., 1985), virtue-oriented well-being (Waterman et al., 2010), job insecurity from The questionnaire of Jung et al. (2021) was used. The reliability of the questionnaire was examined and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability and its validity by construct and content validity. Research hypotheses were analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique. The research results showed that hedonic well-being has a positive and significant effect and virtue-oriented well-being has a negative and significant effect on emotional commitment. Also, emotional commitment has a positive and meaningful effect on job performance. On the other hand, emotional commitment plays a mediating role in the relationship between hedonic well-being and job performance. But the relationship between virtue-oriented well-being and job performance does not play. Also, job insecurity has a moderating role on the relationship between hedonic well-being and emotional commitment, but not on the relationship between virtue-oriented well-being and emotional commitment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Evaluation of Knowledge and Attitude of Non-medical Students about Virtual Water Recognize with the Approach of Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development
Omid TabieeIntroduction: Despite the climatic changes and the recent droughts in Iran, as well as, the rising trend of development of industrial and agricultural activities, Iran are exposed to the severe water crisis. Thus, in order to tackle this problem, and management of water MoreIntroduction: Despite the climatic changes and the recent droughts in Iran, as well as, the rising trend of development of industrial and agricultural activities, Iran are exposed to the severe water crisis. Thus, in order to tackle this problem, and management of water supplies at risk, virtual water and water footprint Culture Assessment an acceptable method for achieving sustainable development and environmental protection goals. To reduce and prevent water crisis as well as protection of environment the current study was, therefore, undertaken to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes of non-medical students on virtual water principles in environmental protection goals. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive analytical study and samples include 384 non-medical students from Islamic Azad universities in Fars province who were selected by convenient sampling method. The self-administrated questionnaire included a demographic questionnaire and as well as their knowledge on virtual water and practice regarding willingness to conservation of environment was completed for all the study population through interviews. Subsequently, descriptive statistics, x2, and Mann-Whitney test and kruscal-wallis test were employed for analysis using SPSS Software (version 21). Results and Discussion: The findings of this study showed that, 98.2 percent of the people had poor awareness about virtual water recognize and role of virtual water in environmental protection and 83.8% of people were interested in increasing knowledge and attitudes on virtual water. On the other hand, there was a significant correlation between knowledge and sex, awareness and levels of education and knowledge and age (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that, 98.2 percent of the people had poor awareness about virtual water recognize and role of virtual water in environmental protection and 83.8% of people were interested in increasing knowledge and attitudes on virtual water. On the other hand, there was a significant correlation between knowledge and sex, awareness and levels of education and knowledge and age (P< 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Designing a Model for Compiling Information Technology Roadmap. (Case Study: Implementing of Dedicated and organizational Virtual Bank in Mobarakeh Steel Company)
Aliakbar Khormooji Amirreza Naghsh Akbar Etebarian Khorasgani Reza Ebrahimzadeh DastjerdiBackground: this research has been done in the field of technology roadmapping. The secondary area of this research is the field of information technology.Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the key indicators of information technology in organization a MoreBackground: this research has been done in the field of technology roadmapping. The secondary area of this research is the field of information technology.Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the key indicators of information technology in organization and then to formulate a generic method to create an information technology roadmap.Methods: The main methodology of this study was mixed-method exploration based on tool formulation. the final statistical sample consists of a panel of 30 experts in the related fields at Mobarakeh Steel Company. In the qualitative phase, the research started with interviews. then, In the quantitative phase, the Delphi method was used in the panel of experts and then the IPA was used.findings: In the qualitative phase, 98 primary indicators, either current or future, were extracted in 4 key components of IT field for virtual bank implementation. In the quantitative phase and after performing the Delphi Rounds, 50 information technology indicators, were finalized. After the importance-performance analysis, 9 gaps in 3components were identified. These gaps used in the formulation of the final IT roadmap.Conclusion: In order to implement technology projects in an organization, at first, the roadmap must be developed. since no specific methodology has been provided for the development of IT roadmap, so this research has introduced a unique, innovative, localized and operational methodology, (based on the main methods of foresight), to develop an IT roadmap, that can easily meet the needs of researchers and academicians in the field of IT roadmapping. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Role of Virtual Social Networks in Self-Regulatory Learning Strategies and Student Future Student's Student's Development
Somayeh bakhshi Parikhani Sadeq Hamedi Nasab Hadi PourshafeiBackground: Today, paying attention to the predictive role of using virtual social networks among students is significant. Objectives: This research studies the role of virtual social networks in self-regulation learning strategies and the development of students' futur MoreBackground: Today, paying attention to the predictive role of using virtual social networks among students is significant. Objectives: This research studies the role of virtual social networks in self-regulation learning strategies and the development of students' futures research potential at Kharazmi University in Tehran. Method: The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population is all students of Kharazmi University who were studying in the academic year 1995-96. 356 students were selected by stratified random sampling as sample size. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire including social networking tools such as Shi, Leo, Yang, Lee and Kei (2014), Pingtjyr Self-Regulatory Learning Strategies (1990) and Persa's Future Learning Questionnaire (2011). The reliability of the tools was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and their validity was verified by confirmatory factor analysis and correlation between the components. Finding: The amount of using virtual social networks by students on the components of self-regulation learning strategies with beta coefficient of 0.75 and significance level of 0.05 showed that this hypothesis was confirmed. According to the results of the second hypothesis, the beta coefficient for the ability to calculate, conceptual understanding, and futuristic morale is equal to 0.68, 0.72 and 0.44, so that everyone is at a significant level of 0.05 and this assumption is also confirmed. Not be Conclusion: The results of this study showed that students in using virtual social networks have higher scores in self-regulation learning strategies, motivational beliefs, ability to calculate, conceptual understanding and future spirit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Macro analysis of decision making models predicting consumer buying behavior
seyedmohammadhosein mousavi Karimkarim Hamdi hosein vazifehvoustBackground: The duties of university graduates in the field of marketing management are to present a strategic plan with a forward-looking perspective on consumer behavior as a model for empowering marketers and consumers in particular.Purpose: In this research paper, i MoreBackground: The duties of university graduates in the field of marketing management are to present a strategic plan with a forward-looking perspective on consumer behavior as a model for empowering marketers and consumers in particular.Purpose: In this research paper, it is attempted to investigate the models of predicting consumer buying behavior with macro analysis in physical and virtual space. First, the rules and process of purchasing decision models, and then the formulation of a variety of decision models with the prevailing antimatter in the physical and virtual global competitive environment, with the help of interaction and exchange science and information science and technology.Methods: In order to achieve the results of the research, by designing a questionnaire with a statistical population of 346 people and a five-point Likert scale with 5 subscales, also a questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha of 0.754, using SPSS statistical software and two statistical tests. Significance, standardization and appropriate fit of the selected questions model for the factors under investigation were confirmed by the LISREL Confirmatory Factor Analysis indices of 2.22 df / 2x.Results: For this purpose, the data of exploratory factor analysis using chi-square test with significance level of 0.000 and KMO index for sample adequacy is 0.765.Conclusion: By using From equity statistics, And the matrix of agent rotation, two main factors with two-factor behavioral agents, and three-factor stimuli, with more than 63% of the variance were identified and extracted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - A Study Virtual Universities to Develop an Appropriate Model for Higher Education System in Iran
نادر قلی Ghorechian پریوش JaafariNowadays information and communication technology (ICT) has transformed many aspects of our social life. One of these current transformations in educa MoreNowadays information and communication technology (ICT) has transformed many aspects of our social life. One of these current transformations in educational environment is emerging virtual universities . Virtual university is an educational setting that has removed the barriers of time and distance by the power of information and communication technology (ICT) and has facilitated and accelerated access to educational opportunities according to learner’s time and style preferences . The main objective of this study was to develop a model for establishing virtual university in Iran. To do this and to clarify theoretical and conceptual dimensions of virtual university . this study has analyzed virtual universities as fourth and fifth generation of distance education . The components were extracted by reviewing the relevant literature and comparative study and the proposed model consisted of eleven components ( philosophy & goal ; theoretical foundations ; technology infrastructure ; human infrastructure ; pedagogical infrastructure ; cultural/ social/ value infrastructure ; economic infrastructure ; management and leadership infrastructure ; administration and support system infrastructure ; and implementation stages ) was developed . A questionnaire was used to determine the appropriateness of the model . The experts approved the model with an average of 4.32 out 5 . Furthermore , the faculty member’s and administrators skills , attitudes and opinions regarding to establishing virtual university have been investigated . At the end , some recommendations were made implement the model or conducting similar research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - A REVIEW OF ORGANIZATION VIRTUALIZATION TREND (From Newtonian attitude to Quantum Theory)
H. Mirzaei Ahranjani F. Bozorgi,In commercial competitive highly turbulent world , those organizations can survive that take ad vantage ofnew Economical opportunities and are responsive to expectations And requirements of customers andbeneficiaries. In this paper, besides brief definition of organizat MoreIn commercial competitive highly turbulent world , those organizations can survive that take ad vantage ofnew Economical opportunities and are responsive to expectations And requirements of customers andbeneficiaries. In this paper, besides brief definition of organization tran formation, a new form oforganizational structure which is Adaptable and dynamic and is able to create communication In terms ofcommercial partners among people, groups and Organizations through application of Information technologyhas been described communications and A part of article besides description of effective factors onPromotion of trend of virtualization of organization , different Forms of procedures of installing personnel atvirtual organizations, and the method of giving and receiving reports in terms of five virtual administrationshave been stated. And in the end of paper after statement of organizations virtualization trend and its role ingrowth and promotion, impact of application, of this structure in optimization and increase of productivityand profitability has been described . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Work in an organization with full extent life ( Employment in an informational society)
GH.R. KhakiThere are many definitions about economy . According to one of the famous accepted definitions , economic laws have classified to two groups. Both of them are &nb MoreThere are many definitions about economy . According to one of the famous accepted definitions , economic laws have classified to two groups. Both of them are influenced by social structure and it’s changes so they are different in various societies . Movement from one society to another happens due to “intellectualize” , principal maximum production with minimum cost . This process continues until we enter a post industrial information society . Many wonderful changes creats in kind and form of organizations and nature of work and employment when IT grows and spreads in various levels and dimensions of human life . E- commerce is a concept that includes various compilations in new societies and the most comprehensive concept in information epoch . Surely , people must play another role in this process so the must earn abilities different from which to be successful in societies before . In any period of business history , special structures conguer in organizations depending on it’s nature . Cellular and virtual structures are under consideration in present societies due to the special particular . In this article , we point to the especialities of these two structures and explain the process of forming virtual organizations and how to select employees in these organizations completely . it’s certain that economic position of Iran influences by economic changes in the world and also effects on it . in principle , any country can’t act personally in an international level with present conditions . Now , our country has the problem of little power and high cost of investing capital and so the idea of creating virtual organization due to it’s specialities can change employment paradigm . We also study about employment position and it’s weaknesses and strengths in Iran to find a way to use strengths to solve weaknesses . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Comparing academic development among master students studying management Information Technology in Islamic Azad University, using virtual against traditional systems
Esmaeil Kavousy Javad Moghadasi Nadi Alizadehmost major one of them. Other performance evaluation criterias can be divided into two classes of previousperformances and modification and improvement of further. In previous performance evaluation the emphasis ison previous actions, primarily measuring and comparing p Moremost major one of them. Other performance evaluation criterias can be divided into two classes of previousperformances and modification and improvement of further. In previous performance evaluation the emphasis ison previous actions, primarily measuring and comparing performance also how to use provided information is ofinterest. Viewings of previous performance records provide valuable feedback on selecting methodseffectiveness and organizations educational programs. In performance evaluation with modification andimprovement approach, the emphasis shift on future work and the use of evaluation information for progress.Management can focus on employees short and long term goals, eliminating performance drawbacks andproblems in the way, and future educational needs if performance improvement is the intention of evaluation.The present research aim is comparing academic development of master students in virtual learning environmentversus traditional learning environment in Islamic Azad University. The statistical population sample size in thisresearch is 101 students (63 students of virtual learning system and 38 students of traditional learning system).Data gathered from senior students of Islamic Azad University E-Campus and Islamic Azad University Scienceand research Campus. E-campus learning system is virtual and Science and Research campus learning system istraditional. First the students marks were gathered from both campus, then t-test was used in order to analyze thedata. In conclusion, the research shows that there is a significant difference between academic development ofmaster students in virtual learning environment and traditional learning environment in Islamic Azad University. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The Role of Think Tank to Recognition Problem on Refah Bank Policies
Karamollah Daneshfard Fatemeh Sadat AboalmaaliContext: This study is done with investigate purpose the role of Think Tank on Refah Bank Policy of problem detection . In fact, the nature of public policy and organizational process as one of the most important tools of public administration, provides a framework for MoreContext: This study is done with investigate purpose the role of Think Tank on Refah Bank Policy of problem detection . In fact, the nature of public policy and organizational process as one of the most important tools of public administration, provides a framework for decisionmaking and problem detection. Purpose: Independent variables Think Tank and the dependent variable were analyzed Problem detection with the component (understanding the organization and the environment, creating and proposals possible, evaluate options and the final selection, implementation and follow-up) from the logical processes of problem-solving doctor Danesh Fard. Method: This research result is applied and the target is descriptive - survey. The study population was composed of 400 members of the think tank. But based on simple random sampling only 60 members were chosen. Data gathered by a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by professors and experts. Its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.819. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality of the data and for the relationship between the variables of one-sample t-test and Friedman test was used to rank the components. Finding: According to Friedman's test solutions is expanding in terms of Experts and the second priority is the implementation of the evaluation. The analysis results showed that the detection of the policy think tank and its dimensions in Tehran, Refah bank has Significant Impact. Conclusion: Based on the results of Friedman test solution of the problem in the first place from the perspective of experts and a second assessment of the problem is enforcement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - A Useful Algorithm for Cost and Asset Management in Cutting Industries
H. Javanshir M.T. Taghavifard F. EslamiEconomic management and a correct production is one of the important factors in managing of asystem. One Dimension Cutting Stock Problem is a kind of Optimistic problem that cutting industrymanagers like steel ,plastic ,wood and etc. have to deal with it because of a gr MoreEconomic management and a correct production is one of the important factors in managing of asystem. One Dimension Cutting Stock Problem is a kind of Optimistic problem that cutting industrymanagers like steel ,plastic ,wood and etc. have to deal with it because of a great impact that cuttingprocess has on production cost .Ability to use the wastage and concentrate the trim loss on minimum isan important factor for these managers.In fact , in this problem we have two important items ,Order list ,which is the little parts ,and Stockmaterial ,which are the big parts .The main ail is to reduce the trim loss as well as supplying all therequirements .So we call this problem Cutting Stock Problem .we can study it in terms of ItemOriented or Pattern Oriented.Mostly, the manager aim is not only reducing the trim loss, but concentrate it on minimum number ofthe large objects So they can reduce the row material and trim loss costs and economically help to thesystem.In this paper the cutting stock problem is Item Oriented .In this way, an index for focusing the trimloss on minimum number of large objects will be introduce, Then with using Genetic algorithm, a newalgorithm will be suggested and the problem will be solved by using the algorithm .Finally somerandom problems is generated and will be solved by this algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Ibn Abī Zar‘ and Rawd al-Ḳirtās
یونس فرهمندThis article is a survey of one of the most important local historical books ofmaghrib especially in Marinid’s period, entitled al- Anīs al-Mutrib bi Rawdal-Ḳirtās fī Akhbār Mulūk al-Maghrib wa Ta’rīkh Madīna Fās.This article is to recognize the real aut MoreThis article is a survey of one of the most important local historical books ofmaghrib especially in Marinid’s period, entitled al- Anīs al-Mutrib bi Rawdal-Ḳirtās fī Akhbār Mulūk al-Maghrib wa Ta’rīkh Madīna Fās.This article is to recognize the real author’s identity, considering differentviews regarding this questionable subject, and also to represent method ofcomposition, the style of writing, the author’s resources and status of thework among the same historical writings of Marinid’s era by revisingcontext of the book, and then comes to conclusion that ’Abulhasan b.Abdullā b. Abī Zar‘ was the author of at least the main part of the book or itsdraft. Since Marinids and Fez were brought under consideration, the workwas imbued with genealogy and flattery. Whereas the author used to live atthe age of Christian reconquest of Andalus, he recorded in a simple andfluent prose, valuable details of the event, especially the last wars betweenthe Muslim and Christian in Marinid’s era.Finally it should be pointed that the author took advantage of coins,epigraphs, written sources and his eye observations well, to interpret thehistorical matters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Lie algebra method for solving biological population model
Yilun Shang -
Open Access Article
14 - Study of virtual annihilation and retardation effects in relativistic two-, four-, and six-body wave equations in scalar QFT
Mohsen Emami-Razavi Somayeh Asgary -
Open Access Article
15 - Enhancement of charge breeding efficiency for rare isotope beam with the control of magnetic field profile and electron beam energy in EBIS
J. W. Kim -
Open Access Article
16 - A Near Optimal Approach in Choosing The Appropriate Physical Machines for Live Virtual Machines Migration in Cloud Computing
Seyedeh Roudabeh Hosseini Sepideh Adabi Reza Tavoli -
Open Access Article
17 - Task Scheduling Algorithm Using Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) in Cloud Computing
Ghazaal Emadi Amir Masoud Rahmani Hamed Shahhoseini -
Open Access Article
18 - A review of methods for resource allocation and operational framework in cloud computing
Hadi Moei Emamqeysi Nasim Soltani Masomeh Robati Mohamad Davarpanah -
Open Access Article
19 - A Version Numbering Scheme for Informational Objects Used in VM Live Migration
Majid Tajamolian Mohammad Ghasemzadeh -
Open Access Article
20 - An optimal VM Placement in Cloud Data Centers Based on Discrete Chaotic Whale Optimization Algorithm
mohammad masdari sasan Gharehpasha ahmad jafarian -
Open Access Article
21 - Verification the Role of Spirituality at Work on Entrepreneurial Organizational Culture Development with the Mediator Variables of Civil Virtue and Altruism
حسین صمدی میارکلائی حمزه صمدی میارکلائیBackground: Nowadays, entrepreneurship as one of the best economic development strategy for the promotion of economic growth and enhancing competitiveness in the face are seen of increasing globalization trends, In order to gain benefits from entrepreneurship in organiz MoreBackground: Nowadays, entrepreneurship as one of the best economic development strategy for the promotion of economic growth and enhancing competitiveness in the face are seen of increasing globalization trends, In order to gain benefits from entrepreneurship in organizational.Objective: The goal of this paper is verification the role of spirituality at work on entrepreneurial organizational culture development with the mediator variables of civil virtue and altruism in housing foundation of Islamic revolution of Mazandaran province. Methods: The method used in this study in terms of data collection is descriptive- survey method and in terms of research purposes, it is an applied research. The statistical population of the research consisted of all staffs of housing foundation of Islamic revolution of Mazandaran province. Using Cochran’s sampling formula, 147 staffs were selected as research sample, andLISREL and SPSS software were used for data analyzing.Findings: The research results indicated that formation of spirituality at work paves the way for entrepreneurial organizational culture. Significant role in mediating civil virtue and altruism on the relationship between variables was confirmed. Accordingly, Component of spirituality at workplace, there are positive and meaningful relationships between unity and convergence of values, for by meaningful work, with entrepreneurial organizational culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Applying the hybrid approach to provide the excellence model of reproductive companies in the context of academic entrepreneurship ecosystem
omid baharestan habib zare habibolah mirghafouri mahmood zanjirchiThe purpose of this research is to design the excellence model of reproductive companies in the context of academic entrepreneurship ecosystem. The approach of the current research is qualitative, and the seven-step metacombination method of Sandelowski and Barroso was MoreThe purpose of this research is to design the excellence model of reproductive companies in the context of academic entrepreneurship ecosystem. The approach of the current research is qualitative, and the seven-step metacombination method of Sandelowski and Barroso was used. The statistical community of the research includes all the resources related to the academic entrepreneurship ecosystem and reproductive companies published from the scientific database in the period of 1390-1400 solar and 2000 to 2021 AD. Therefore, taking into account the degree of relevance to the research topic, primary sources were screened and 55 sources were selected, and coding was done on the concepts extracted from them. In total, 24 subcategories and 6 main categories were categorized. Finally, the identified codes were classified based on the content analysis approach of Strauss and Corbin's three-stage coding (open, central and selective). The identified components include environmental, organizational, educational, research, business and managerial factors. The results were presented in the form of a conceptual model for a better understanding of the excellence model of reproductive companies in the context of the academic entrepreneurship ecosystem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The Investigation of the Relationship among Organizational Commitment, Organizational Virtuousness, and Procrastination at Work with Regard to the Role of Demographic Variables
Akbar Etebarian Khorasgani Mojtaba Changizi MohammadiBackground: The Housing Foundation of Islamic Revolution is a governmental institution whose clients are mainly from deprived and vulnerable rural areas. The major portion of its activities is conducted in villages, regions affected by natural disasters, and deprived ur MoreBackground: The Housing Foundation of Islamic Revolution is a governmental institution whose clients are mainly from deprived and vulnerable rural areas. The major portion of its activities is conducted in villages, regions affected by natural disasters, and deprived urban areas. This study aimed at investigating the relationship of organizational commitment and perception of organizational virtue with procrastination at work, by considering the role of demographic variables. Research Method: This was an applied descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population included all employees of the Housing Foundation of Islamic Revolution in Isfahan, with at least an associate degree. The Kerjeci-Morgan's table and simple random sampling techniques were used for determination of sample size and selection of samples, respectively. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, as well as the Partial and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient were used for data collection and analysis. Findings: There was a significant correlation between all three variables, namely organizational virtue, organizational commitment, and procrastination at work. Investigation into the role of demographic variables in the quantity and quality of relationship between research variables produced the same result. The only exception was with educational level, in which the relationship of organizational virtue with procrastination was not significant. Results from investigation into the relationship between different dimensions of variables showed that organizational virtue dimensions (optimism, trust, and sympathy) were not significantly correlated with continued commitment. The same result was observed with demographic variables, as moderating variables. Investigation into the relationship of procrastination with dimensions of organizational commitment also showed a significant correlation between emotional and continued commitments with procrastination. The same result was also observed with demographic variables. The only exception was with age and educational level, in which emotional commitment and procrastination were not correlated. Finally, a significant correlation was observed between procrastination at work and two dimensions of organizational virtue. Conclusion: To decrease procrastination at work among employees, some measures, including training through performance contagion, should be taken to improve their perception of organizational virtue and organizational commitment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The role of virtual social networks in youth political socialization, with emphasis on media availability and active user
babak ahmadpour torkamany Mostafa Azkia Bagher SarookhaniOne of the most important tasks of governments is to preserve and transfer the dominant political values, which is achieved through various factors that make virtual social networks one of them. Young people are the most important user of virtual social networks, and th MoreOne of the most important tasks of governments is to preserve and transfer the dominant political values, which is achieved through various factors that make virtual social networks one of them. Young people are the most important user of virtual social networks, and they are also at one of the most sensitive periods of political socialization. Therefore, the study of the role of factors affecting the political socialization of youth, which cyberspace is considered as the most important of these factors, is the goal of this research. The theoretical framework is a compilation framework derived from the theories of Giddens, Almond and Paul, Manuel Castells, Daniel Bell, Isabelle Ang and Elliott Katz, Harold Lasswell, Charles Wright, McCoyle, Robert Putnam, Max Weber, and Tickler. The present research method is based on the nature of quantitative data in terms of collecting time as a survey research. Multi-stage random sampling method is used. The sample size is calculated using the Cochran formula of 458 people. The results show that the greatest influence of independent variables on active user was (0.412), usage rate (0.174) and history of use (0.077). But the variables of the socio-economic base and the variable of media availability were not meaningful. Generally, the findings of the research indicate that virtual social networks act in the direction of informal political socialization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The prediction of the use of virtual networks based on social compatibility and emotional control in adolescents
Nora Dehghanpoor ghazale tarnas Farahnaz MeschiAbstract:Introduction: The Internet is a virtual world that empowers people to experience a particular form of social relationships in which people do not have a real social presence. So, given the importance of cybernetic pathology in the development of societies, our MoreAbstract:Introduction: The Internet is a virtual world that empowers people to experience a particular form of social relationships in which people do not have a real social presence. So, given the importance of cybernetic pathology in the development of societies, our society has also received considerable attention in recent years in information and communication technology. The purpose of this study was to predict the use of virtual networks based on social adjustment and emotional control in adolescents.Methodology: This research is a correlational study. The population of this study consisted of 350 primary and secondary school students in Karaj, Iran in 2012-2013. They were selected by random cluster sampling method. In this study, the social adjustment questionnaire of high school students (1993) and emotional control questionnaire (1997) were used to collect data. Data analysis was done through multi-variable regression and analyzed by SPSS-23 software.Results: Descriptive and inferential indices and descriptive statistics in this study showed that the use of virtual networks has a positive and significant relation with social adjustment and emotional control (P> 0.01).Conclusion: Therefore, considering the hypothesis of research and the results of statistical analysis in the findings, it can be concluded that due to the relationship between research variables, the use of virtual networks can predict social adjustment and emotional control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The sociological study of the relationship between virtual social networks and religious identity of students. : case study of student of sistan and baloochesta
abdollatif karevani sina aminizadehThe present research studies the relationship between presence and interaction in virtual social networks and religious identity. This research is conducted in a survey method through stratified sampling. The statistical population of the study is the students of Sistan MoreThe present research studies the relationship between presence and interaction in virtual social networks and religious identity. This research is conducted in a survey method through stratified sampling. The statistical population of the study is the students of Sistan and Baluchestan University in the academic year 1393-1394 and the sample size is estimated using Cochran formula 400. Reliability and validity were obtained using Cronbach's alpha and formal validity. Also, for testing the validity of the research model, Amos software was used. Analysis of the findings shows that there is a significant negative relationship between religious identity in all its dimensions, ie, dimensional dimension, empirical dimension, religious dimension, ritual dimension, cognitive dimension and consequential dimension with Internet usage, membership in virtual social networks and the use of virtual social networks. In analyzing the structural equation model that was done using Amos, two variables such as Internet usage and the use of virtual social networks had a significant negative effect on religious identity. But the membership variable in virtual social networks did not have a significant effect on religious identity. Also, two variables observable virtual social network usage and Internet usage has a negative impact factor coefficient -0/135 and -0/175 on religious identity. In general, given the findings of this study can be concluded that virtual social networks, undermining their religious identity in all dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Explaining the role of virtual social networks on the economic behavior of Tehran women in the post-sanctions period with emphasis on the feminization of the home economy
Nima Bazazzadegan seyed ali rahmanzadeh Afsaneh MozaffariAccording to Thomas and Zananiki, attitudes are separate mental processes that determine the actual and potential responses of each person in the social world. This study seeks to analyze the effects of cyberspace on the economic behaviors of Tehran women in the post-sa MoreAccording to Thomas and Zananiki, attitudes are separate mental processes that determine the actual and potential responses of each person in the social world. This study seeks to analyze the effects of cyberspace on the economic behaviors of Tehran women in the post-sanctions period, using the theories of cyberspace and economic behavior. The type of this research is applied and the main method is survey. The statistical population consists of women over 20 years old in Tehran and were selected and studied by cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The reliability of the data collection tool was done with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and content validity (expert validity) was done through CVR index or Lauche coefficient. The results show that economic behavior, which is a dependent variable and has the dimensions of economic orientation, economic action and economic cognition, has been moderately downward. The relationship between cyberspace usage and economic behavior, economic action, economic orientation has been significant and the hypothesis is confirmed, but the relationship between cyberspace usage and economic knowledge is not significant and the hypothesis is not confirmed. The number of visits to blogs, forums and wikis have a direct impact on economic behavior. The number of visits to blogs, microblogs and forums have a direct impact on economic performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - study of Culture and Everyday Life on Facebook
Ghazal Bibakabadi mohamad soltanifar Ali DelavarToday, virtual social networks have become an integral part of the daily lives of the Iranian people. The activities of people in this network and their daily lives, which are meaningful through presence and communication with others in these networks, are the subject o MoreToday, virtual social networks have become an integral part of the daily lives of the Iranian people. The activities of people in this network and their daily lives, which are meaningful through presence and communication with others in these networks, are the subject of study in this study. It may not be outrageous to view Facebook as a city where users live as citizens. How the daily life of the residents of this city goes, what interactions and connections the citizens of this virtual city have, what is their leisure and entertainment in this virtual city, etc. can help us to get to know it better. The aim of this study is to understand the components of daily life on the social network Facebook and its relationship with the membership of users in this network. To achieve this goal, the qualitative method of virtual anthropology has been used in a virtual field consisting of 300 Facebook social network users. Data collection was done through participation, online viewing, and in-depth and in-depth interviews. The research findings show that the components of daily life of users in this network include display and implementation, multiplicity and fear of getting lost, ordinary narration to the current official narrative, desensitization of red lines. These components are a view of the daily life of Iranian users. And the current culture in the Facebook space of Iranian users is in the period of this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Investigating the Role of Virtual Networks in Promoting Fashion: Typology and Pathology with an Emphasis on Instagram
KARIM Nematiaghdam Nasim Majidi Ghahroudy Aliasghar KeyaThe purpose of this study is to investigate the role of virtual networks in promoting fashion: typology and pathology with emphasis on Instagram. The research method was qualitatively analyzed through initial, centralized, centralized and theoretical coding. According t MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the role of virtual networks in promoting fashion: typology and pathology with emphasis on Instagram. The research method was qualitatively analyzed through initial, centralized, centralized and theoretical coding. According to the research model, the role of virtual networks in fashion promotion includes 9 components of fashion in the field of appearance of people, people looking for superficial issues, fashion in anthropology, fashion due to ideological factors, rhetoric and impracticality of reforms, self-made models for fashion reform, lack of media planning in fashion promotion The infinite effectiveness of celebrities on Instagram and the exchange of information by word of mouth are the basis of the role of virtual networks in promoting fashion to examine the proper functioning of the role of social networks with a typological and pathological approach. Findings show that a person's perception can be the effect of a positive or negative "aura" in marketing according to consumer behavior on Instagram. Individual characteristics, physical appearance, and overall attractiveness can influence others' judgments about characters. Brands that use celebrities with a positive "aura" to create a positive relationship with a particular product cause people to follow the lifestyle of some celebrities with fashion and makeup styles, types of posts, or restaurant options, etc. Celebrities are unlikely to support brands in endorsing products that would jeopardize their position, power and reputation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Study of Virtual Life Dimensions of First and Second High School Students; the Analysis of Access, Attitudes to Social Media, Learning, and Online Interactions
hadi khaniki fateme noorirad mina yamini firouzChildren and adolescents aged 12 to 18 are known as the generation with the most Internet users. The present study uses a survey method to analyze various dimensions of virtual life (online access analysis, attitude towards social media, attitude to learning on social m MoreChildren and adolescents aged 12 to 18 are known as the generation with the most Internet users. The present study uses a survey method to analyze various dimensions of virtual life (online access analysis, attitude towards social media, attitude to learning on social media, online interaction pattern) of first and second 3year high school students (age group of 12 to 18 year old) and has explained their relationship with each other The statistical sample is 1200 people. And the validity of the researcher-made questionnaire has been confirmed by Cronbach's alpha of 0.86. Findings indicate that the average of respondents in each of these indicators is higher than the community average. The findings also show; Access to social media is positively correlated with the pattern of online interactions and attitudes toward online learning among first and second3year high school student Although there was no significant correlation between attitudes toward social media and attitudes toward online learning and the pattern of online interactions among first and second 3year high school students, there was a significant difference between girls' and boys' virtual life in terms of online interaction patterns. These findings confirm that the majority of online behavior of children and adolescents on social media completes their behavioral puzzle in the real world, not the other way around. Social media is an extension of the real-world interactions of children and adolescents. If teen users are integrating their online environment, then we should expect their online and offline worlds to be interconnected. As a result, digital worlds play the role of playgrounds for important breeding issues of offline lives; so we expect teens to bring the issues and challenges they face in their offline lives to their online hangouts. For teens, these include parenting issues such as sexual behavior, identity, intimacy, and interpersonal relationships Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Developing a Native Structural-Interpretive Model of Persuasive Methods Used In Social Media Messages and Its Impact on Voter Behavior in City Council Elections (Case Study: Citizens of Isfahan)
Parvin Javanbakht Reza Esmaili Faezeh TaghipourCandidates' behavior and election strategies have created a widespread tendency for citizens to choose social media as a persuasive priority, so that they can gain more votes. With this approach, this study tries to understand the broader dimensions and the necessary be MoreCandidates' behavior and election strategies have created a widespread tendency for citizens to choose social media as a persuasive priority, so that they can gain more votes. With this approach, this study tries to understand the broader dimensions and the necessary behavioral and motivational strategies and through this can suggest better electoral solutions. The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose because its results can be used in practice. Data were analyzed using interpretive equation modeling. Overall, the results showed that solving traffic problems, unity of procedure in the city, addressing, achieving profit-seeking goals and solving biological problems in the first level of importance for persuasion and affect the variables of urban management change, health and economic prosperity and these variables in The next level is important and affects the variables of cultural development, stimulating a sense of unity, propaganda, creating excitement, charity, social upliftment of the city, more religious beliefs, reform of collective behaviors and education and cultural growth. People are located.The results confirms the role of social media persuasive practices in voting behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Investigating the obstacles to the development of tourism in the field of virtual space
Alireza Bay ali geranmayeh Akbar Nasrollahi Kasmani tahmoures shiriOne of the most effective factors in the development of tourism is advertising and information through virtual space. Virtual networks have a decisive role in the development of the tourism industry, with roles such as culture building, education, information and creati MoreOne of the most effective factors in the development of tourism is advertising and information through virtual space. Virtual networks have a decisive role in the development of the tourism industry, with roles such as culture building, education, information and creating social participation, the main goal of this article is to investigate the obstacles to the development of tourism in the field of virtual space. In terms of the goal, the current research is applied-development, and in terms of the method of execution, it is among mixed exploratory researches, which collects, analyzes and combines data (quantitative and qualitative) in order to better understand the research questions.The statistical population of this research consists of communication professors who are knowledgeable and active in the field of virtual space tourism, activists in the field of virtual space tourism, managers of tourism service offices active in one of the social networks, and IT and marketing experts. The measuring instrument of questionnaire and expert interview is also based on the purposeful sampling method. According to the results obtained, there are no specific rules and regulations in the field of tourism, lack of support from the government and related institutions, and speculation and the entry of non-professionals into this job, the absence of a union, association or trade union, as well as the lack of educational institutions in this field as The most important obstacles to the development of tourism are considered to be in the field of virtual space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Sociological Study of the Relationship between Social Networks and Family Relations in Rural Areas of Kashmar City
narjes ebrahimi hamidreza Hoseini Dana bita shamansouriAs social networking was created, a new form of life took shape in a virtual space. Social networks have an impact on social relationships, and one of the most popular media types has been replaced by most people, especially by young people.The present study of sociolog MoreAs social networking was created, a new form of life took shape in a virtual space. Social networks have an impact on social relationships, and one of the most popular media types has been replaced by most people, especially by young people.The present study of sociology and the perception of the current changes in the country districts of Cabiner, on their families, has its emphasis on social networking, on the basis of Gilby, Hepzimas, and the Open Society of Casteland. In this study of an experiment on his course of action, and with the help of his view of the world's social networking sites, the primary dimensions of the family communication in the Caja, he was able to identify and identify. A number of 386 were chosen as a random test example of a country - owned explorer (168664). It's been activated via questions, which, having tested the stopu - ment test, have been analyzed by the computer software. Researchers found that there was a relationship between social networking and family relationships in the constantly shifting of trust, the reduction of confidence, and the shifting of values. The analysts also indicate that the family communication and its changes are dependent on whether or not its social Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The Role of Social Networks as a Medium to Build Brand Equity
Babak Farbodnia Ali Akbar Farhangi Mohammad SoltanifarThe purpose of this paper is to examine the role of virtual social networks based on brand equity is, to determine the social network of the beehive raised by Smith, who has seven components: identity, presence, sharing, standing, group relations and to review and discu MoreThe purpose of this paper is to examine the role of virtual social networks based on brand equity is, to determine the social network of the beehive raised by Smith, who has seven components: identity, presence, sharing, standing, group relations and to review and discuss brand equity model of Aaker's brand equity is used. This research led to a structured model was based on the above theory, that our understanding of the relationship between the use of virtual social networks and increase brand equity. Data were collected in three ways: structured interviews, direct observation and questionnaires carried out several social networks. Combined research methods (qualitative / quantitative) were selected for the study. The population of this study included members of the social network Facebook, which actively react to the Nike brand. And random cluster sampling available with a choice of several behalf of the representatives of the brand and distribute a questionnaire with 33 questions was conducted among 384 of our customers. For data analysis and hypothesis testing research version of the software SPSS, LISREL and SMARTPLS tests using structural equation modeling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used. The results show the influence of variables "identity", "share", "Fame", "relationships", "dialogue" and "Group" on brand equity. It should be noted that the variable "presence" had no significant effect on brand equity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Virtual Security Management of Internet Banking Service and its Effect on Absorption of Tejarat Bank Customers
Alireza Talkhabi Ali Shah Hamidreza Hossieni Dana Davood Shabani SaberThe main goal of this research is evaluation of virtual security management of internet banking service and its effect on absorption of Tejarat Bank customers. Statistical universe of this research includes all of Tejarat Bank's Tehran customer in year 1394. For estima MoreThe main goal of this research is evaluation of virtual security management of internet banking service and its effect on absorption of Tejarat Bank customers. Statistical universe of this research includes all of Tejarat Bank's Tehran customer in year 1394. For estimation by Cochran’s formula, 143 persons have been chosen randomly and the questionnaire have been done for them. In this research the survey descriptive research method have been used and the measurement tools of this research is a research made questionnaire including 35 questions, that have been formed based on relative theories. The validity of questionnaire have been obtained based on cron Bach alpha method for all subject of questionnaires (30 questions) questionnaire of banking virtual security 0/933 and (5 questions) customer absorption 0/741. And this amount demonstrate the internal accordance of questionnaire is optimum. Also in validity estimation it has been determined that all questions and components have correlation with the whole questionnaire. For data analysis by the frequency table, the Pearson and Regression's correlation have been used under SPSS software. The data research demonstrate that there is a meaningful and positive correlation between security controlling of operation and communication, controlling of a information achievement and customer absorption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Virtual new Phenomenon Space in the View Points of the Experts in the Field of Commiunication Sciences in Iran
Maryam Dorestani Mahdi RohaniThe main purpose of the present study is to review the view points of the scholars and experts in the field of “Communication Sciences” on the “Cyber/Virtual Space” in Iran. The method used in the study is the “Delphi Method” and the MoreThe main purpose of the present study is to review the view points of the scholars and experts in the field of “Communication Sciences” on the “Cyber/Virtual Space” in Iran. The method used in the study is the “Delphi Method” and the “Statistical Population” consists of the “Communication Experts” and the managers involved in the field of “Communication & Information Technology in Iran”. The process of the “Sample Selection” has been based on “Delphi’s Method”. In using the said method, a sample of 30 expert were selected and the study was done by interviews and related produses. The main findings of the Study are: The Cyber/Virtual Space is a reality with undisputable role it plays in the Economical and Spiritual Wellbeing of the Iranians. The benefits enjoyed by the People of Faith in broadcasting and communicating their points of view, by far surpasses the dangers and threats imposed by Global Domination. Setting realistic policies along with proper planning and supervision by the experts and authorities will be very crucial in this process. Using the Cyber Space will be a Golden Opportunity in Iran when paying due Consideration to the high and humanistic values set in and professed in the Holly Profit Mohammad’s Pure Islamic Values and those of the Holly Quran against the perverted, superstitious and radical ideas and school of thoughts professed by the Global Domination and dominant power houses. One of the most important and crucial ways in preventing the threats to the Iranian society by the Cyber Space is “Transparency” and strengthening the field of “Supervision” in this area. The Technological advances and the ever expanding uses of technology in the daily lives of the people necessitate the expansion of Internet uses and applications. Limiting access to Internet by Users should therefore be through Proper Information and Education of the Users so that they become a “Conscientious Users” in the face of the dangers and threats inherent in the field. The “Cyber/Virtual Space” presents its own Opportunities and Threats in Iran. By setting Proper Policies and Appropriate Planning, the Threats can be turned into Opportunities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Study Effective Factors on the Presence Level of Women in Networks Social of Virtual (Case Study: Women in Tehran)
Leila Niroomand Shayesteh ZohabiPublic access to virtual social networks and the exponential increase of internet penetration in iran and along with increasing several women sites, blogs, and information data base, on this world wide, result in a special consideration of users to thess networks. The p MorePublic access to virtual social networks and the exponential increase of internet penetration in iran and along with increasing several women sites, blogs, and information data base, on this world wide, result in a special consideration of users to thess networks. The purpose of research on factors affecting women's participation in social networks is virtual. The study of the quiddity of quantitative research is the purpose of the application. The statistical population of the present study is consisting of tehran resident women. The statistical sample is consisting of 400 individuals. To data collection a self-constructed questionnaire after confirming the validity and reliability was used. There was a positive significant relationship between all of the variables (including type of the relationship by intimate trust, conservative, using the advantages, type of activity, number of expected applications, and frequency of the networks) and presence of women in social networks (p<0.01). Also the results suggested that there’s a significant and positive relationship between awareness (knowledge) of women and their participation in social networks (p<0.01). Given that much of the studied women were in favor of women presence in the cyberspace and social networks, it is necessary it is essential that create an appropriate notification and culture in this area to women use cyberspace only for raising their awareness and useful chores Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The Effect of Virtual Tribes on the Implications of Postmodern Consumer Behavior on Social Media)
Bahram Khairy Mohammad Mehdi PouyanThe growth and popularity of social media is communication among people creating new approaches. This article reviews and synchronization Comments on this concept seeks to investigate and predict the effects of tribes allowable percentage of the consequences of postmode MoreThe growth and popularity of social media is communication among people creating new approaches. This article reviews and synchronization Comments on this concept seeks to investigate and predict the effects of tribes allowable percentage of the consequences of postmodern consumer behavior that its components are consequences faithfully, black marketing, power consumption, Surrealism and pluralism in social media. Questionnaire data were obtained using a sample size of 230 students at, using structural equation modeling using partial least squares analysis software Smart PLS is located. Results predicts that in the aforesaid tribes are permitted to consume a significant impact on all outcome variables Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - A Survey of the virtual social networking's Role on the Various Aspects of Satisfaction from the Viewpoint of Internet Users in Tehran
Hossein Molaei NoshahrThe study entitled "Survey respondents view the virtual social networking (Facebook) and their satisfaction with variousaspects " took place, is an attempt to clarify the scope of the contact angles very dark social network research in Iran. For thispurpose, 149 cluster MoreThe study entitled "Survey respondents view the virtual social networking (Facebook) and their satisfaction with variousaspects " took place, is an attempt to clarify the scope of the contact angles very dark social network research in Iran. For thispurpose, 149 cluster sampling method from Tehran five geographic regions (North, South, West, East and Central) wereselected and answered the questionnaire . Head results between the views of respondents and satisfaction of news,information, and knowledge, and social use of social media trust there are significant differences. In addition, the resultsshow Head: Between gender and satisfaction Facebook aspects of news, information and awareness, social use, but there isno significant difference between gender and satisfaction Facebook dimension of trust in the media, social difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Effective Factors on the Presence Level of Tehran Women in Networks Social of Virtual
Leila Niroomand Shayesteh ZohabiPublic access to virtual social networks and the exponential increase of Internet penetration in Iran and along with increasing several women sites, blogs, and information data base, on this World Wide, result in a special consideration of users to thess networks. The p MorePublic access to virtual social networks and the exponential increase of Internet penetration in Iran and along with increasing several women sites, blogs, and information data base, on this World Wide, result in a special consideration of users to thess networks. The purpose of research on factors affecting women's participation in social networks is virtual. The study of the quiddity of quantitative research is the purpose of the application. The statistical population of the present study is consisting of Tehran Resident women. The statistical sample is consisting of 400 individuals. To data collection a self-constructed questionnaire after confirming the validity and reliability was used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Analysis of inner peace in virtual reality experience based on the phenomenology of embodied perception of space (case study: design of a residential complex in Kish Island)
Mina Hasani Jamaledin Soheili Ali Akbari Hamid NejatBringing living space design closer to space quality standards is one of the most important architectural issues. Considering the high volume of housing construction, the desirability of residential spaces is important and necessary. Testing the quality of the space bas MoreBringing living space design closer to space quality standards is one of the most important architectural issues. Considering the high volume of housing construction, the desirability of residential spaces is important and necessary. Testing the quality of the space based on its perceptual pseudo-experience during design and before construction is one of the mechanisms to achieve the desired architecture, which is possible for architects today with the help of virtual reality technology. With this aim, in the theoretical framework of the phenomenology of perception, in a quantitative way and with the test of the semantic differentiation scale, first eight components of the feeling of inner peace, including pleasure, interestingness, beauty, normality, calmness, wideness, openness and enjoyment of daylight, were counted. In this experimental perception test, 24 participants (12 women/12 men) rated 24 virtual rooms in eight experimental groups. The participants were randomly selected from people who intended to pre-purchase an apartment unit in Kish Island. The interior of the apartment under construction was renovated for them. For each visualized scene, space evaluation was done through a 45-second exploration interval. The resulting data were evaluated using the semantic difference scale technique. Also, the correlation of the variables was checked through the non-linear quadratic regression test. The findings from the analysis of the components of the perception of inner peace in the virtual reality experience, which in this study are the pleasantness or unpleasantness of the space, the attractiveness of the space, the beauty or ugliness of the space, normality or abnormality, calmness, the perceptual breadth of the space, openness to the outside and the enjoyment of daylight and It was sunlight, it indicates the meaningful relationships between them in a way that is in line with the real experience of the space and as if the people felt themselves present in the space. Also, the correlation diagram between the variables, especially in the case of the three characteristics of pleasantness, attractiveness and beauty, confirms this. In this study, the correlation between the living space characteristics of a residential unit and the experimental qualities attributed to them was studied quantitatively to measure the virtual experience of the perception of inner peace. The interaction of eight components with independent physical factors (floor materials, surface of openings, location, geometry and height of windows along with fixed height of space and fixed view outside) of a component-based description showed to be very effective for describing the variance observed in the ratings. The high level of correlation is particularly notable for the emotional and aesthetic rating categories, which cannot be trivially attributed to only one scene feature. Representation of designed scenes provides evidence for the importance of perceptual features in the experience of space in virtual reality. The current research has been carried out in the direction of generalizing and valuing spatial components in the design of a residential complex in the cultural/climatic context of Kish Island in Iran, so that a more successful design can be offered to users from this practical study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Introduction of Augmented Reality Instances utilizing Matter-Information Hybrid via Technology in Urban Spaces
Naji Pezhman Ziaei -
Open Access Article
43 - Module Amenability of module dual Banach algebras
M. Khoshhal D. Ebrahimi Bagha O. pourbahri rahpeymaIn this paper we defined the concept of module amenability of Banach algebras and module connes amenability of module dual Banach algebras.Also we assert the concept of module Arens regularity that is different with [1] and investigate the relation between module amenab MoreIn this paper we defined the concept of module amenability of Banach algebras and module connes amenability of module dual Banach algebras.Also we assert the concept of module Arens regularity that is different with [1] and investigate the relation between module amenability of Banach algebras and connes module amenability of module second dual Banach algebras.In the following we studythe relation between module amenability, weak module amenability and module approximate amenability of Banach algebra. The notation of amenability of Banach algebras was introduced by B.Johnsonin [7]. A Banach algebra A is amenable if every bounded derivation from Ainto any dual Banach A-bimodule is inner, equivalently if H(A;X) = 0 for any Banach A-bimodule X, where H(A;X) is the first Hochschild co-homology group of A with coefficient in X. Also, a Banach algebra A isweakly amenable if H(A;A) = 0. Bade, Curtis and Dales introduced the notion of weak amenability on Banach algebras in [4]. They considered this concept only for commutative Banach algebras. After that Johnson defined the weak amenability for arbitrary Banach algebras. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - The complement of the 𝑀-intersection graph of ideals of a ring
Farideh HeydariLet 𝑅 be a commutative ring with identity and 𝑀 be a unitary 𝑅-module,and let 𝐼(𝑅)* be the set of all nontrivial ideals of 𝑅. The complement ofthe 𝑀-intersection graph of ideals of 𝑅, denoted by Γ𝑀(𝑅), is a graphwith the vertex set 𝐼(𝑅)* , and two dist MoreLet 𝑅 be a commutative ring with identity and 𝑀 be a unitary 𝑅-module,and let 𝐼(𝑅)* be the set of all nontrivial ideals of 𝑅. The complement ofthe 𝑀-intersection graph of ideals of 𝑅, denoted by Γ𝑀(𝑅), is a graphwith the vertex set 𝐼(𝑅)* , and two distinct vertices 𝐼 and 𝐽 are adjacentif and only if 𝐼𝑀∩𝐽𝑀={0}. In this paper, for every multiplication𝑅-module 𝑀, the diameter and the girth of Γ𝑀(𝑅) are determined. Also,we show that if 𝑚,𝑛>1 are two integers and ℤ𝑛 is a ℤ𝑚-module, thenthe complement of the ℤ𝑛-intersection graph of ideals of ℤ𝑚 is weakly perfect.` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Optimizing the Partner Selection Problem and Scheduling the Collaborative Transportation
nazanin Ghasemy Ali Husseinzadeh Kashan Seyed Esmaeel NajafiIn today’s competitive business, companies are continuously looking for new ways to reduce their costs and improve their products’ quality. A company needs various resources to stay in the market and it can be challenging to provide these resources for small MoreIn today’s competitive business, companies are continuously looking for new ways to reduce their costs and improve their products’ quality. A company needs various resources to stay in the market and it can be challenging to provide these resources for small and medium-sized companies. Therefore, companies share their capacities with each other to achieve their common goals. This sharing can be done under the title of a virtual enterprise. A virtual enterprise is an economic alliance in which several companies share their capabilities to provide specific products and services. Virtual company’ advantages over the traditional companies include flexible structure and quick response to the market. VE should provide the situation for manufacturing products and services at a lower cost and higher quality with less risk and shorter lead times. So, partner selection has become a vital task for companies. The success of a virtual company is dependent on the selection of partners.In this study, a new partner selection model is presented with a VE concept integrated with collaborative transportation. The proposed model is presented in deterministic state. A numerical example is analyzed to investigate model behavior, and the results are presented and discussed. Finally, the sensitivity of the objective function is analyzed by some parameters and the results show that by increasing two parameters, the maximum number of sub-projects carried out by a partner and the transportation capacity, the total costs either decrease or remain unchanged. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Some Results on Total Outer-Paired Dominating Sets in Graphs
Akram Mahmoodi Alireza NajafizadehLet G=(V, E) be a simple graph with vertex set V and edge set E. An outer-paired dominating set D of a graph G is a dominating set such that the subgraph induced by V\D has a perfect matching. The outer-paired domination number of G denoted by is the minimum cardinality MoreLet G=(V, E) be a simple graph with vertex set V and edge set E. An outer-paired dominating set D of a graph G is a dominating set such that the subgraph induced by V\D has a perfect matching. The outer-paired domination number of G denoted by is the minimum cardinality of an outer-paired dominating set of G. Moreover, a total outer-paired dominating set D of a graph G is a total dominating set such that the subgraph induced by V\D has a perfect matching. The total outer-paired domination number of G denoted by is the minimum cardinality of a total outer-paired dominating set of G. In this paper, besides introducing such a notion for a graph, we study some fundamental properties of this invariant. Furthermore, we present some bounds in terms of the order, the size, the girth of a graph and etc. Finally, the well-known Nordhaus-Gaddum inequality is obtained for regular graphs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - رابطه استفاده از شبکه های اجتماعی مجازی و بی تفاوتی اجتماعی شهروندان تهرانی
Ehsan Jamshidzadeh مجید رادفر خلیل میرزاییبیتفاوتی اجتماعی وضعیتی است که طی آن، افراد با بی اعتنایی به واقعیت های پیرامون از انجام مشارکت اجتماعی- سیاسی، مسئولیت های اجتماعی، فعالیت های دگرخواهانه و درگیری فعال و مدنی در مسائل اجتماعی اجتناب میکنند. پژوهش حاضر از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از روش توصیفی از نوع پیمایش Moreبیتفاوتی اجتماعی وضعیتی است که طی آن، افراد با بی اعتنایی به واقعیت های پیرامون از انجام مشارکت اجتماعی- سیاسی، مسئولیت های اجتماعی، فعالیت های دگرخواهانه و درگیری فعال و مدنی در مسائل اجتماعی اجتناب میکنند. پژوهش حاضر از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از روش توصیفی از نوع پیمایش است که با هدف بررسی رابطه شبکههای اجتماعی مجازی و بیتفاوتی اجتماعی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق، شهروندان مناطق 1و 2 تهرانی بوده که با استفاده از نمونه گیری خوشه ای تعداد 400 نفر انتخاب شدند. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش نشان داد که میزان بیتفاوتی در حد متوسط رو به بالاست و بین میزان و تنوع استفاده از شبکههای اجتماعی مجازی و بیتفاوتی اجتماعی شهروندان رابطه وجود دارد و همچنین بین متغیرهای سن، جنس، پایگاه اجتماعی- اقتصادی شهروندان با بیتفاوتی اجتماعی رابطه وجود دارد .بنا بر نتایج پژوهش،بررسی پیشینه، و نظریات مطرح شده ، شهروندانی که میزان و تنوع بالایی در استفاده از شبکه های اجتماعی دارند، بر رفتارهای آنها تاثیر گذاشته است و این تاثیر دارای رابطه دو طرفه است که در برخی از موارد باعث بی تفاوتی اجتماعی در فضای واقعی شده است . اما با توجه به آزادی و ناشناختگی فضای مجازی ،افراد جامعه در فضای مجازی دارای تعهدات بیشتری نسبت به همدیگر هستند. یعنی روابط گرم و صمیمانه از محیط اجتماعی واقعی به محیط سایبری و مجازی منتقل شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Sociological Investigation of the Usage of Cyber Space and its Relation with Social Isolation (Case Study: Science and Research Branch Students)
Ali Manteghi Fasaie Soroush Fathi -
Open Access Article
49 - Feasibility Assessment of Offering B.A. Levels of Humanities through Virtual Education in Iran (Case of Study: Payam-e Noor University)
Hadi Sharif Moghaddam Ensiyeh Malekian Fard -
Open Access Article
50 - Identification in Cyberspace as a Main Challenge of e-Government (A Legal Approach to e-Identity Management System)
Ebrahim Abdipourfard Behrouz Minaei Bidgoli Morteza Vesali Naseh -
Open Access Article
51 - Designing the Strategic Framework of Transformation (Interactive Digital and Transformative Model in Virtual Space) in the Islamic Republic of Iran's Radio and Television using Quantitative and Qualitative Methods
Rogaye Ali Mohammad Mastooreh Ezzatzadeh Seyed Abdullah Sajjadi Jaghargh Afsaneh Mozafari -
Open Access Article
52 - Investigating the Effect of Virtual Reality Techniques on Balance of the Elderly
Hamid Reza Vatan Khah Yasin Najafi Zadegan -
Open Access Article
53 - The Virtual Social Networks and Couples’ Commitment
Azadeh Sedghijalal Soroush Fathi -
Open Access Article
54 - Examining and Explaining the Relationship and Effect of Virtual Education on Cultural Intelligence and Academic Achievement (A Case Study of High School Students)
Yousef Hodaei Soroush Fathi Rahmatollah AmirAhmadi -
Open Access Article
55 - A Review of the Concepts of Social Action and Isolation in Virtual Space
Hashem Aram Robabeh Mahpeykar -
Open Access Article
56 - Towards Unearthing Virtual English Language Teaching for Iranian House Wives: Domestic Violence and Quality of Life in Focus
Sara Amiri Neda Fatehi Rad Valeh Jalali -
Open Access Article
57 - The Relationship between Servant Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Employees at Valiasr Academic Complex, Islamic Azad University-Central Tehran Branch
E. Nobari K. Mohamadkhani A. Mohammad Davoudi -
Open Access Article
58 - Explaining the Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Customer Based Brand Equity
M. Mahmoudi Maymand A. HarandiThe organizational citizenship behavior, as the optional & intentional behaviors of employees, have considerable effect on the individual and organizational performance, placing the employees in a situation to perform some assignments beyond their occupational descr MoreThe organizational citizenship behavior, as the optional & intentional behaviors of employees, have considerable effect on the individual and organizational performance, placing the employees in a situation to perform some assignments beyond their occupational description and functions, one the one part the brand making topic as well as brand management have various fans nowadays in marketing world to the extend that making a popular powerful brand in the market is the goal of may organizations. The effects of expressing organizational citizenship behavior on the brand value and its dimensions as well, from the point of view of the customers in innovation model are reviewed in the current article. The data required for this research haven been collected by "Padideh Shandiz Chain Restaurants" guild union employees polling in connection with organizational citizenship behavior and on the customers' available nonrandom sampling basis in brand value section and in the form of a questionnaire. Podskoff and his colleagues questionnaire was used for evaluation of citizenship behavior, and the researcher questionnaire, designed based on Kim, Tang, Hawley and Aker studies, was used for evaluation of the brand value. This research is applicatory with surveying nature, structural equations method and Pls software are used for data analysis. The concluded results express that all the dimensions of organizational citizenship behaviors have a positive meaningful effect on the brand value from the point of view of the customers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Jurisprudential ruling on the pilgrimage of Imam Hussein (as) and its legal effects
Seyed Ali Rabbani MousaviyanZiyāra (pilgrimage) has been for long discussed in muslims` scientific and theological societies. Among all ziyāras (pilgrimages), Sayyid-al - Shuhadā`s Ziyāra (pilgrimage) is of such a special importance that his Ziyāra (pilgrimage) has been specifically recommend by I MoreZiyāra (pilgrimage) has been for long discussed in muslims` scientific and theological societies. Among all ziyāras (pilgrimages), Sayyid-al - Shuhadā`s Ziyāra (pilgrimage) is of such a special importance that his Ziyāra (pilgrimage) has been specifically recommend by Imams. Numerous riwāyats (narrations) are there about the virtues of Imam Husayn`s Ziyāra (pilgrimage) which have emphasized on his Ziyāra (pilgrimage). In Islam, Ziyāra (pilgrimage) of no other person, even the other Infallibles has received such an emphasis. The specialities of Imam Husayn`s Ziyāra (pilgrimage) in the Infallibles` words and the mutawatir riwāyats (unbroken chain of transmission of the narrations) about the virtues of his Ziyāra (pilgrimage) motivated us to conduct the present study, through taking notes, and do a thorough review on the most important and reliable Shi'a riwāyat (narrative) resource, i.e. Kamil al-ziyarat by Ibn Qulawayh, Al-Shaykh al-Mufid`s teacher. Looking at other resources such as Zad al-ma'ad by al-'Allama al-Majlisi, we extracted riwāyats (narrations) in which there are not any weaknesses or flaws regarding chain of transmission. Hence, any faqih (jurist) or principle decreeing according to it, can`t give any decree except indispensableness of Imam Husayn`s Ziyāra (pilgrimage).Then, using Rijal reviews and Usul al-fiqh principles (Islamic jurisprudence) , alongside with Ijtihad evidences, we proved the indispensableness of Imam Husayn`s Ziyāra (pilgrimage Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - The responsibility of the Islamic State in dealing with fake transactions and its solutions
Amir Jawadi Mohammad Babapoor Abdolali Mohammadi JozaniWith the introduction of cryptocurrency into the world of economy, smart contracts were formed based on it and are now partially popular. Experts in this field believe that in case of widespread use of this type of contracts, the possibility of formal transactions will MoreWith the introduction of cryptocurrency into the world of economy, smart contracts were formed based on it and are now partially popular. Experts in this field believe that in case of widespread use of this type of contracts, the possibility of formal transactions will disappear. Despite conducting numerous researches on smart transactions, the discussion of virtual transactions has not been investigated in this field, and this research, using an analytical-descriptive method, is for the first time trying to investigate the responsibility of the Islamic government in this regard. It seems that due to the negative effects of formal transactions in the society, if a special mechanism can eliminate these transactions, the Islamic government is responsible for making them mandatory. According to jurisprudential interpretations, providing social and economic security is the government's duty, which is an example of the mandatory smart contract with the aim of eliminating formal transactions. From a legal point of view, the executive and judicial authorities can send a bill to the Islamic Council regarding the mandatory use of smart contracts in order to provide legal protection and also to prevent the occurrence of crimes. Monopoly in the smart type of contracts is contrary to Islamic Sharia and its partial acceptance is possible like electronic transactions. If the related law is not approved, the executive bodies in charge of certain affairs can use their authority to make these contracts mandatory. The final result is that with the relatively mandatory smart contract and the popularization of cryptocurrency, it is possible to eliminate formal transactions and this action is considered to improve economic security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Management Accounting Ontology in the Context of Postmodernity (Performativity, Actant-Network and Applications)
feriydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti Babak Nejad ToolamiIn the functionalism paradigm, management accounting is as a neutral instrument and symbolic device addressing fair representation and ontology derived from such a paradigm is the separation of facts from accounting practices. In the new paradigms originated from postmo MoreIn the functionalism paradigm, management accounting is as a neutral instrument and symbolic device addressing fair representation and ontology derived from such a paradigm is the separation of facts from accounting practices. In the new paradigms originated from postmodernity, we achieve a performative approach under which accounting accepts the roles of making territory, mediatory, judgment and making up mind for the audience by creating cognitive boundaries that make room for social practices in economic and financial theory. In this regard, based on actant-network theory, management accounting is an actant in interaction with other actants in interconnected networks of individuals, organizations and markets that can cause changes in other actants and creative performativity can be a field for penetration and intervention, so political calculations can become manifest to persuasive arguments in management accounting ontology. In this paper, regarding a research based on philosophical, sociological and economic analysis, management accounting ontology is addressed emphasizing on performativity and actant-network theory and its three applications in the field of social responsibility, professionalism and accountability are also mentioned. The results show that Management accounting finds identity in network intelligent processes and in real networks cannot ignore the major role of virtual and position inevitable elements of “power and ideology”. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Green Accounting Environmental Discourses and Reasoned Action Theory Argumentation of Virtues of Zagzebski's Theory
behjat abbasi mohammadhamed khanmohammadi zahra moradi Tahereh MahmoodiyanToday's environmental theories and theories have moved away from merely moving in the direction of emphasizing the development of technological infrastructure and focusing on changing the behaviors and attitudes of effective human-individual interaction and companies as MoreToday's environmental theories and theories have moved away from merely moving in the direction of emphasizing the development of technological infrastructure and focusing on changing the behaviors and attitudes of effective human-individual interaction and companies as a collective source of pollution. Green accounting has become an important and significant issue in the field of sustainability in recent years in line with these changes in companies' behavior with the environment. Therefore, in this study, by combining theoretical approaches such as purposeful causal action with the consonance of environmental discourses the first goal examines the role of such actions on environmental norms in the form of corporate intersubjective discourse. On the other hand, by creating an effective interaction of virtue Maabi with purposeful behavioral causal action, this study seeks to investigate the change in the consonance of environmental discourses of capital market companies. In this study, 209 managers of capital market companies were surveyed through simple random sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire in order to fit and use of utility model and partial least squares analysis was used to test the research hypotheses. The results of testing the research hypotheses showed that Reasoned Action Theory has a positive effect on Green Accounting Environmental Discourses of capital market companies. On the other hand, Virtues of Zagzebski's Theory was found to reinforce the effect Reasoned Action Theory has a positive effect on Green Accounting Environmental Discourses of capital market companies Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - The Impact of Virtual Social Networks on National Identity (Case Study of Students at Sistan and Baluchestan University)
Abdul Latif CaravaniIntroduction and Purpose of the Research: National identity, the main synthesis and specific link between local identity and Common transnational identities. National identity is a set of attitudes and positive attitudes towards identifying elements and patterns and int MoreIntroduction and Purpose of the Research: National identity, the main synthesis and specific link between local identity and Common transnational identities. National identity is a set of attitudes and positive attitudes towards identifying elements and patterns and integrated in the state as a political unit. National identity is influenced by several factors, one of the factors that could affect the national identity, are virtual social networks. In this way and with the aim of the present study, Study the relationship between virtual social networks with national identity. Research method: This research survey was conducted among students at the University of Sistan and Baluchestan. A sample of 400 selected according to Cochran formula and stratified sampling has been conducted. Findings: The results show that the variables Join the virtual social network, Internet usage, the use of virtual social networks, the history use of virtual social networks, The sense of freedom in virtual social networks, Type of content sharing, kind Likes and Comments, join the groups, and the type of news they have a significant relationship with national identity. Findings suggest that the underlying variables, the variables age, sex, education, and ethnicity have a significant relationship with the national identity. Conclusion: In summary, based on research findings, virtual social networks are one of the factors that make a lot of changes to user identities, and especially to the national identity of users, and has a significant role in changing the identity of users Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Identification of practical solutions to exploit the interactive marketing based on virtual space in the health tourism
Aref Khoshandam Mohammad reza RostamiThis research aims to provide solutions for the success of interactive marketing in virtual space in the field of health tourism, to achieve this goal, it is necessary to identify factors affecting success in interactive marketing and prioritize Solutions are provided, MoreThis research aims to provide solutions for the success of interactive marketing in virtual space in the field of health tourism, to achieve this goal, it is necessary to identify factors affecting success in interactive marketing and prioritize Solutions are provided, The interaction of relations in this space can be considered a competitive advantage. This research is considered as applied and in terms of exploratory type. For identification and ranking of factors, 16 of the activists of the health tourism and professors of familiar university are used to marketing affairs. The sampling method in targeted current research and data collection tools were in the identification phase of the factors of Delphi technique and in a quantitative stage (ranking) of couples comparisons. In this research, the AHP hierarchical technique has been used to identify the final factors of fuzzy dolph technique and for the ranking of factors and indicators. The AHP and Excel and Expert Choice software have been used. Based on the results, a total of 21 indicators were identified for interactive marketing success in virtual space, which were categorized in the form of five general factors. Based on the findings of the research, management factors, content quality, technical quality, design quality and marketing factors have been introduced in the most important factors. Continuous communication indicators, reliability of content and source, ease of interaction and speed in responding in the category of management factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Studying effect the culture of urbun families by virtual networks in the second district of Tehran..
zahra hoseninaghavi تکتم فرمانفرمایی زهرا ملکی دوستThe research studies the effects of quantity of using virtual networks on urban family’s culture .The purposes of the research are determining the effects of quantity of using virtual on decreasing family’s values, family members’ relationships and inc MoreThe research studies the effects of quantity of using virtual networks on urban family’s culture .The purposes of the research are determining the effects of quantity of using virtual on decreasing family’s values, family members’ relationships and increasing obliquity.This research is practical. The questionnaire tools,that is created by the researcher,are used to collect information and research datum with survey and library methods, based on free studies.such as Path Analysis, Friedman, GFI, Alphachronbach and Regression are used due to answering research questions and questionnaire stability, after extracting culled datum and analysing them. The statiscal software, which is used to analyse datum,is Spssصهد.The obtained results show that the quantity of using virtual networks can affect meaningfully decreasing family’s values, decreasing family members’ relationships and increasing obliquity. The effects of quantity of using virtual networks on family’s culture are evident and clear, as we can see; family members’ relationships is 89.4, family’s values is 58.2, obliquity is 62.6. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Interaction in Virtual Social Networks and its Impact on Ethnic Identity, A Case Study of the Lak Ethnicity
Mehrdad NamdariIntroduction and Purpose of the Research: Ethnic identity is one of a variety of collective identities, and refers to the characteristics of the set and attributes that are one ethnic distinction from other races and among the members of the ethnic group of the feeling MoreIntroduction and Purpose of the Research: Ethnic identity is one of a variety of collective identities, and refers to the characteristics of the set and attributes that are one ethnic distinction from other races and among the members of the ethnic group of the feeling of belonging to them. Ethnic identity, like other aspects of collective identity, is influenced by virtual social networks. The present research has been conducted in this regard with the aim of investigating and recognizing the impact of social networks on ethnic identity of Lak Ethnicity. Research method: This research has been conducted through stratigraphic sampling through stratified random sampling. The statistical population of the study consisted of all individuals aged 18 to 40 years old in Noorabad, Delfan, and the sample size was estimated to be 384 by Cochran formula. The validity of the research was determined on the basis of face validity and was used to assess the reliability of Cronbach's alpha. Findings: The findings of this study show that virtual social networks have a significant effect on ethnic identity and both affect the ethnic identity dimension, , Ethnic discriminator and ethnic intercourse. These findings also show that these virtual social networks have a positive and direct impact on ethnic identity, that the greater the use of these virtual social networks, the ethnic identity of these people is more ethnic, and the level of commitment and Ethnic identity also increases. Conclusion: Overall, based on the findings of the research, it can be said that members of the network, with their membership in these networks, and emphasize the production of content in these virtual social networks and the consumption of local cultural products, show their cultural resistance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Social capital in virtual social networks (Social Networking)
غلامعباس توسلی امرالله امانی کلاریجانیIntroduction and Objective: social interaction is a fundamental element of any society. On the network, they are considered as social capital and personal relationships and connections through the network gains access to resources and support. The main objective of thi MoreIntroduction and Objective: social interaction is a fundamental element of any society. On the network, they are considered as social capital and personal relationships and connections through the network gains access to resources and support. The main objective of this research is to study social capital in virtual social networks. Given the importance of social interaction in virtual social networks, social capital in this study, structural dimensions (size and composition of the network), interactive (frequency of contact and intimacy) and functional (support) has been studied. Methods: This survey was conducted using questionnaires and the dimensions of social capital, the impact of social factors on social capital networks are examined. The research in Persian language is virtually all social networks. Sample size of 386 patients who were selected by snowball non-probability sampling. Conclusion: The results suggest that different dimensions of social capital and in every aspect of the building, which was interactive and functional results, may be differences of social capital in the real world. The effects of social and demographic variables on network social capital in this study confirmed the causal model and research hypotheses have been formed by the impact of impression and interaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - A Study on effects of Virtual social networks (Facebook) On Youngsters’ Lifestyle
Sheyda Shekari Namin Ebrahim HajiyaniIntroduction and purposes: The virtual world is a universe which its effects on our lives have not only always been attractive but also a question and due to its over-expansion in today’s world, it has created a great deal of sensitivity. Therefore, at this resear MoreIntroduction and purposes: The virtual world is a universe which its effects on our lives have not only always been attractive but also a question and due to its over-expansion in today’s world, it has created a great deal of sensitivity. Therefore, at this research, we have tried to study these tools of communication & their effects on a statistical population, which in this case have been the students of Azad Tehran-Central University.Method: Accordingly, 300 questionnaires were distributed among two groups of social networks members & non-members students & by designing questions related to social networks and lifestyle, we studied the effects of these kinds of communication tools on lifestyles of Azad Tehran-Central university students, in order to answer this fundamental question that whether there is a meaningful relation between membership & presence at virtual social networks (Facebook) and the lifestyles of Azad Tehran-Central university students. This was analyzed by taking advantage of descriptive & inferential statistics (frequency, frequency percentage & frequency distribution rate & table) and the SPSS software.Findings: In this regards, the hypothesis of this research was set, as “there seems to be a meaningful relation between membership and presence at virtual social networks (Facebook) & the lifestyle of Azad Tehran-Central university students”.Conclusion: The research has shown that neither the length of membership at virtual social networks nor the amount of activity at these networks have not under-liedthe formation of any special lifestyle among the statistical population, therefore the hypothesis of this research was rejected and the lack of a direct relationship between membership at social networks & a significant lifestyle is proved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Study of Virtual Social Networks’ Efficacy on Social Capital (Case Study: Islamic Azad University, Science & Research Branch)
Seyed Bahram Mortazavi Oskouei Marzieh Sadat Akbari Sohelila Bourghani FarahaniIntroduction and Goal: One of the core element of each society is Social Interaction. According to the “networking theory”, the human interaction are considered social assets and anybody could get access to all the supporting factors available within the net MoreIntroduction and Goal: One of the core element of each society is Social Interaction. According to the “networking theory”, the human interaction are considered social assets and anybody could get access to all the supporting factors available within the network, according to Bastani. Regarding Bordio’s, Colman, Patna, and Fokoyama, such interactions are in the layer of group connections which includes elements such as relations, trust, norms, participations, and etc.Methodology: In this research, social asset is analyzed from the Networking Theory. The key research objective is to study the effect of the social networks on the social assets of the students in the Economic and Management School of Science and Research University, Islamic Azad University of Tehran. The hypothesis is that the main element of social assets (participations, trust, and teamwork) are effected by the online social networks. The methodology was correlative method and the sample size was 172 person, chosen from random method in accordance with the total size.Findings: The data’s analyses and research finding shows that the effect of social networks on the main elements of the social assets (participations, trust, community) of students of Science and Research University of Islamic Azad University of Tehran.Results: The main hypothesis shows that vitual social networks have partly strong effect on the variables of social assets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Cultural Pathology Mobile Social Networks among Female Professionals Working in Tehran Municipality Restrict 1 in 2015
Faezeh Taghipour Sareh VelayatiThe purpose of this study is cultural pathology mobile social networks among female professionals working in Tehran municipality restrict 1 in 2015. This research given the nature is descriptive survey. Population included all female professionals working in Tehran muni MoreThe purpose of this study is cultural pathology mobile social networks among female professionals working in Tehran municipality restrict 1 in 2015. This research given the nature is descriptive survey. Population included all female professionals working in Tehran municipality restrict 1 in 2015, that equivalent to 600 people. According to Cochran formula, the sample size was 231 people. In this study, questionnaire was designed. To prove the validity of this study, the questionnaire has been consultant professors, then after final approved, the questionnaire were used. Reliability based on Cronbach's alpha of 0.8 was obtained for all aspects of higher inventory that is acceptable. Spss 22 software was used to analyze the information and to answer questions used mean compared test and T-test. Results shown that in the customs, family relationships reduction, in the value, reducing internal desire for success in the organization, in the beliefs, reduction of teamwork in the organization, and in the norms, electronic addiction, including cultural damages use of social networks. Also, there is no significant difference between the demographic characteristics Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Survey and comparison of knowledge, attitude and skill level of the Master students of information technology management using virtual and traditional education in Islamic Azad University
جواد مقدسی دکتر رضا نوروز زادهThe objective of all educational system in different level is deployment ofchange in knowledge, attitude and skill of the students. The present study addressedthe survey and comparison of knowledge, attitude and skill level of the masterstudents of information technolog MoreThe objective of all educational system in different level is deployment ofchange in knowledge, attitude and skill of the students. The present study addressedthe survey and comparison of knowledge, attitude and skill level of the masterstudents of information technology management using virtual and traditionaleducation in Islamic Azad University. The population for the study included 101members. Sampling is according to population. For gathering data a researcher-madequestionnaire was used. Reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.91.Statistical data was analyzed by t-test and man-Whitney test. The results show thatthere is no significant difference between the knowledge, attitude and skill level of thestudents using virtual and traditional education in Islamic Azad University. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Influential Factors in the social network Facebook to attract students of Social Communication Sciences
Behroz Shahsavari BiBIsadat MiresmailyIntroduction and purpose: Due to full of audience on Facebook compared to other social networking, our study will be on this network.Given that membership of virtual social networks , especially Facebook, is growing in our country and the frequency Among students, accor MoreIntroduction and purpose: Due to full of audience on Facebook compared to other social networking, our study will be on this network.Given that membership of virtual social networks , especially Facebook, is growing in our country and the frequency Among students, according to statistics published by various news sources, growing certified Factors , increase the population and its causes can be helpful.Methods: The study of stratified sampling is used. In addition to statistical data analysis spss software is used.In this study, a stratified random sampling method was used and also to select the size of the sample population in each layer assignment method is suitable or PPS For stratified sampling method To achieve a higher degree of representativeness to lose.Methodology, Survey and Libraries and measuring tool was a questionnaire Survey, All students of Social Communication Sciences of Islamic Azad University of Tehran as well as Science and ResearchTehran University to analyze statistical data, Spss software package is used.Findings: the study of descriptive results demonstrates that most of the respondents were within the age range of 20-27 and the highest frequency of 55.7% belongs to the women. Among the hypotheses which investigated the effect of social, political, and economic participation, education and information, and the entertaining social network of facebook on the students of the science of communication, only the economic participation was disapproved.Results: the social networks in the developed communities -where there are appropriate infrastructures related to communication and information- play essential roles in the communication between the governments and the nations. In contrary, in the developing countries (like Iran) and underdeveloped ones, internet utilities and virtual social networks which employ the most advanced technologies for fulfilling the satisfaction of the customers are not used appropriately because there are not enough infrastructures for developing the internet network and the governments impose some limitations in these countries. In the present study, some promising results were gained in all areas except the economic participation which can be explained by the reasons like slow economic online activities, lack of trust in these activities and lack of knowledge on the part of users about different economic activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Theoretical structural analysis of 3-CHLORO-4-FLUORO-ANILINE.
Muhammad Aziz Sohail Nadeem Muhammad Anwar -
Open Access Article
74 - The study of mobile based social networks on development of social participation
Hannaneh Zeinali Mohammad Soltanifar Afsaneh MozaffariThe researcher in this study aims to find the various dimensions of effects of mobile based social networks on development of social participation. In current societies all civil institutions have omitted the spatial and temporal limitations of their members through usi MoreThe researcher in this study aims to find the various dimensions of effects of mobile based social networks on development of social participation. In current societies all civil institutions have omitted the spatial and temporal limitations of their members through using the mobile based social networks and the members can participate in their favorite activities in any time and any place. On one hand the Cooperative organizations provides the preparation of people to connect to the society more by achieving their attention to cooperate and increases the individual participation in social affairs and on other hand leads people to engage in active and voluntarily participation through development of social networks and strengthening social solidarity. The research method is survey and the data has been achieved through questionnaire. The formal validity has been applied and the reliability has been attained through Cronbach Alpha. The statistical population includes experts in Communication Studies and journalists. Sampling method is purposeful sampling and the sample is equal to 60 people. The result of study shows that: the highest factor is dedicated to self-publishing. The second highest factor is overall finally, the possibility of quick feedback is the third important factor in determination of the mobile based social network rolls on development of social participation. It has to be said that the low expenses of participation have the least effect on developing the political participation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Technology on Fear of Adolescent Speech
Yasin Najafi Zadegan Hamid Reza VatankhahThe present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality technology on adolescent fear of speech. The study population consisted of all adolescents aged 12-15 years in Tehran. The sampling method was cluster sampling from one of the counseling MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality technology on adolescent fear of speech. The study population consisted of all adolescents aged 12-15 years in Tehran. The sampling method was cluster sampling from one of the counseling centers in Tehran. Of the adolescents who referred to the Center for Behavioral and Psychological Disorders, 30 individuals who referred for social anxiety disorders were selected. Then 15 patients were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 15 others to the control group. Pre-test was performed for both groups. Data gathering tools were Barsolomy and Hallelian Lecture Anxiety Questionnaire (2016). Then, 12 sessions of 20 minutes of play and activity with the Xbox machine were performed on the target group (experiment). At the end of the session, the experimental and control groups received post-test and the results were analyzed. After testing the hypotheses, it has been concluded that Virtual Reality Technology is effective on speech fear, cognitive anxiety, behavioral anxiety and physiological anxiety and can reduce anxiety and phobia by increasing self-efficacy and enhancing problem solving and creativity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Explain the role of virtual social networks in the economic behavior of Tehran citizens in the post-sanctions period
Nima Bazazzadegan seyed ali rahmanzadeh Afsaneh MozaffariThis study seeks to analyze the effects of cyberspace on the economic behaviors of Tehran citizens in the post-sanctions period (the first 6 months of 1397) using the concepts of virtual network and economic behavior. The type of this research is applied and the main me MoreThis study seeks to analyze the effects of cyberspace on the economic behaviors of Tehran citizens in the post-sanctions period (the first 6 months of 1397) using the concepts of virtual network and economic behavior. The type of this research is applied and the main method is survey. The statistical population consists of citizens over the age of 20 in Tehran and were selected and studied by cluster sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The reliability of the data collection tool was determined by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and its validity was determined by content validity (expert validity) through CVR index or Lauche coefficient. The results show that economic behavior, which is a dependent variable and has the dimensions of economic orientation, economic action and economic cognition, has been moderately downward. Economic orientation, economic action and economic cognition of the studied citizens are moderately downward. The relationship between cyberspace usage and economic behavior, economic action, economic orientation has been significant and the researcher hypothesis is confirmed, but the relationship between cyberspace usage and economic knowledge is not significant and the researcher hypothesis is not confirmed. The number of visits to blogs, the number of visits to forums and the rate of visits to wikis have a direct impact on economic behavior. The number of visits to blogs, the rate of visits to microblogs and the rate of visits to forums have a direct impact on economic action. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Semantic Interpretation Use of Virtual Social Networks of both Divorced and Married Women in Mashhad
zahra Saraeian seyed ali rahmanzadeh norooz hashemzehiThe future of all countries relies on the correct use of these networks.Nowadays, the influence of internet and social networks on all layers of the society is evidence and thereby the main purpose of this research is to study the use of these networks by women who are MoreThe future of all countries relies on the correct use of these networks.Nowadays, the influence of internet and social networks on all layers of the society is evidence and thereby the main purpose of this research is to study the use of these networks by women who are the half of the population of our country.The role of women in culture development of the society and upbringing of generation is obvious. Therefore, this study discusses about the destruction and construction roles of these networks on women.In this study, the data collection is based on semi-structured interviews and snowball sampling. In addition, the data analysis relies on grounded theory. The results highlights the influence of social networks on all the aspects of a family, which cannot be reduced by filtering. However, this influence can be exploited as an opportunity instead of a threat by produce useful contents that can improve the scientific, cultural and religious knowledge level of women who are the main educators of our generations.In addition, this study shows that, despite the negative vision of most researchers to the social networks effects, in most cases, both married and divorced women believe that the positive and constructive dimensions of these networks are more important than their negative effects. Finally, the idea of filtering or limiting the cyberspace does not help to eliminate the potential disadvantage of this world, in contrary, it only erases the question rather than solve it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - The role of social networks in transformation of political culture in Iran case study: Tehran University Students
majid tabibi jebeli Abolghasem Taheri Alireza AzghandiThe present study is based on a study of a sample of 385 students of Tehran universities by survey method and using the questionnaire technique which addresses the impact of virtual social networks on students' political culture. According to Almond and Verba's politica MoreThe present study is based on a study of a sample of 385 students of Tehran universities by survey method and using the questionnaire technique which addresses the impact of virtual social networks on students' political culture. According to Almond and Verba's political culture three types of political cultures including "traditional", "causal" and "participatory" have been considered in this research. These three types of political culture are characterized by three dimensions: "cognitive", "emotional" and "evaluative", in relation to the four categories of "system", "inputs", "outputs" and "oneself as an actor". Grounded and independent variables in this research are gender, field of study, academic degree, university type and virtual social networks. The results of the research show that the population studied has the same patterns of political culture and the prevailing pattern among them is a positive participatory model. Although there is a negative participatory pattern among them, which is not defined in Almond's and his colleagues' views. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Media and health-oriented lifestyle (Study of citizens' health-oriented lifestyle in East Azerbaijan province)
Fatemeh GolabiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of media on health lifestyle, citizen orientation in East Azerbaijan province and using the survey method. The statistical population included all citizens over 15 years of age in East Azarbaijan province, of which 166 MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of media on health lifestyle, citizen orientation in East Azerbaijan province and using the survey method. The statistical population included all citizens over 15 years of age in East Azarbaijan province, of which 1662 people were selected by sampling quotas from selected cities (Tabriz, Ahar, Bonab, Khodafarin, Shabestar, Marand and Varzeqan).Also have been used of the theories of Weber, Merton, Giddens, Cockerham and Gerbner. The inferential results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between health lifestyle, focus on variables of the use of print media (positively), virtual media (negatively), targeted use of media (positively), age (positively). And there is sex (in favor of men). But the relationship between health-oriented lifestyle and the use of visual and audio media is not significant. Independent research variables were able to explain a total of 17% of changes in health-oriented lifestyle variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - International Immigrants, Participators in Birthplace Development (Case of Study: Laar City)
Mansour Vosoughi Majid Hodjati -
Open Access Article
81 - The Role of social Networks in Transformation of Political Culture in Iran (Case of Study: Tehran University Students)
Majid Tabibi Jebelli Alireza Azghandi Abolghasem Taheri Vahid ShalchiThe present study is based on a study of a sample of 385 students of Tehran universities by survey method and using the questionnaire technique which addresses the impact of virtual social networks on students' political culture. According to Almond and Verba's politica MoreThe present study is based on a study of a sample of 385 students of Tehran universities by survey method and using the questionnaire technique which addresses the impact of virtual social networks on students' political culture. According to Almond and Verba's political culture three types of political cultures including "traditional", "causal" and "participatory" have been considered in this research. These three types of political culture are characterized by three dimensions: "cognitive", "emotional" and "evaluative", in relation to the four categories of "system", "inputs", "outputs" and "oneself as an actor". Grounded and independent variables in this research are gender, field of study, academic degree, university type and virtual social networks. The results of the research show that the population studied has the same patterns of political culture and the prevailing pattern among them is a positive participatory model. Although there is a negative participatory pattern among them, which is not defined in Almond's and his colleagues' views. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Technology on Fear of Adolescent Speech
Yasin Najafizadegan Hamidreza VatankhahThe present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality technology on adolescent fear of speech. The study population consisted of all adolescents aged 12-15 years in Tehran. The sampling method was cluster sampling from one of the counseling MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality technology on adolescent fear of speech. The study population consisted of all adolescents aged 12-15 years in Tehran. The sampling method was cluster sampling from one of the counseling centers in Tehran. Of the adolescents who referred to the Center for Behavioral and Psychological Disorders, 30 individuals who referred for social anxiety disorders were selected. Then 15 patients were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 15 others to the control group. Pre-test was performed for both groups. Data gathering tools were Barsolomy and Hallelian Lecture Anxiety Questionnaire (2016). Then, 12 sessions of 20 minutes of play and activity with the Xbox machine were performed on the target group (experiment). At the end of the session, the experimental and control groups received post-test and the results were analyzed. After testing the hypotheses, it has been concluded that Virtual Reality Technology is effective on speech fear, cognitive anxiety, behavioral anxiety and physiological anxiety and can reduce anxiety and phobia by increasing self-efficacy and enhancing problem solving and creativity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Study and Analysis of the Use of Virtual Social Networks between two Groups of Divorced and Married Women in Mashhad
Zahra Saraiean Seyed Ali Rahmanzadeh Norouz HashemzehiThe future of all countries relies on the correct use of these networks. Nowadays, the influence of internet and social networks on all layers of the society is evidence and thereby the main purpose of this research is to study the use of these networks by women who are MoreThe future of all countries relies on the correct use of these networks. Nowadays, the influence of internet and social networks on all layers of the society is evidence and thereby the main purpose of this research is to study the use of these networks by women who are the half of the population of our country. The role of women in culture development of the society and upbringing of generation is obvious. Therefore, this study discusses about the destruction and construction roles of these networks on women. In this study, the data collection is based on semi-structured interviews and snowball sampling. In addition, the data analysis relies on grounded theory. The results highlights the influence of social networks on all the aspects of a family, which cannot be reduced by filtering. However, this influence can be exploited as an opportunity instead of a threat by produce useful contents that can improve the scientific, cultural and religious knowledge level of women who are the main educators of our generations. In addition, this study shows that, despite the negative vision of most researchers to the social networks effects, in most cases, both married and divorced women believe that the positive and constructive dimensions of these networks are more important than their negative effects. Finally, the idea of filtering or limiting the cyberspace does not help to eliminate the potential disadvantage of this world, in contrary, it only erases the question rather than solve it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - The Effect of New Means of Communication Usage (Line, Telegram) on the Status of Family Cohesion in 2015 (Case of Study: Tehran 1st District)
Tahmoures Shiri Elnaz Rahmani -
Open Access Article
85 - A survey about the degree of acquaintance and utilization of Internet among students of Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch
Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Mahdavi Soroush Fathi Ali Haji Shamsai -
Open Access Article
86 - Historical Transitional Trends in City life
مهرداد Navabakhsh سروش FathiThe foundation of a city is a social, economical and political organized phenomenon. Itrelies on the presence of basic circumstances, which were formed thousands of yearsago in the Stone Age. The agricultural revolution also played an important part as itsexistence was MoreThe foundation of a city is a social, economical and political organized phenomenon. Itrelies on the presence of basic circumstances, which were formed thousands of yearsago in the Stone Age. The agricultural revolution also played an important part as itsexistence was one of the reasons why wondering tribes began to station themselves.Early communities were formed around fertile grounds or on river banks, whichgradually formed villages and towns. Thus the agricultural revolution was turningpoint in human existence.Agriculture was the reason why migrant who were used to hunting, stayed in oneplace and thus establish the groundwork for the creation of later cities. Cities thatdeveloped quickly witnessed another revolution in the second half and the eighteenthcentury. The industrial revolution, changed lifestyles and standards of living, andquickly swallowed traditional and ancient cities, and drastically changed them tomodern industrial cities. This led to basis for a third type of revolution. After theSecond World War, the medial revolution influenced economic growth amonggovernments as well of non-governmental organizations, and life suddenly becamevery exciting. This paper is an attempt to explain some phenomenon such as electronicmigration, social electronic control, unification of home and workplace, internetfriendship and many other phenomenons which are the creation of globalization andthe advancement of technology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The effect of ethical virtues of marketing on internet marketing and relational marketing in food customers of Kale city of Hamedan
akbar ghorbanichegeni mohamad taherirozbahaniThe present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of ethical virtues of marketing on internet marketing and relational marketing in food customers of Kale, Hamadan city. The method used in this research is descriptive-survey method and applied MoreThe present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of ethical virtues of marketing on internet marketing and relational marketing in food customers of Kale, Hamadan city. The method used in this research is descriptive-survey method and applied in terms of purpose and from the field branch. The statistical population under study is the food customers of Kale city of Hamedan, whose number is unlimited. Using Cochran's sample size formula, 384 people were selected as a sample by simple random sampling. In this research, the standard questionnaires of Zaman Yad marketing ethical virtues (2015), Babaei internet marketing (2012) and Negi and Katma relational marketing (2013) were used. In order to check the reliability of the questionnaires, Cronbach's alpha was calculated, which indicated the satisfactory reliability of the questionnaires. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics including: mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum score, and structural equations were used in the inferential statistics section using SPSS version 21 and PLS3 software. The results indicate that the ethical virtues of marketing have a positive and direct effect on internet marketing and relational marketing in food customers of Kale city of Hamedan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The Role of In-service Virtual Training Courses in Job Empowerment of Employees of Fars province Agri-Jihad Organization
Mahboobe Asimeh Amir Selselegar Maryam SharifzadehToday, a significant and continuous success of an organization relies heavily on human capital in the form of employees, which is possible through the empowerment of employees' jobs. Accordingly, the purpose of this survey study was to investigate the role of in-service MoreToday, a significant and continuous success of an organization relies heavily on human capital in the form of employees, which is possible through the empowerment of employees' jobs. Accordingly, the purpose of this survey study was to investigate the role of in-service virtual training courses in job empowerment of employees of the Fars province Agri-Jihad Organization. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the 495staff of Building No. 1 of the Agri-Jihad Organization of Fars province, of which 96 were selected by simple random sampling method. The data gathering tool included a questionnaire on psychological empowerment of Spreitzer and Mishra, and a researcher-made questionnaire for assessing the quality of in-service virtual education. Its face validity confirmed by a number of experts and its reliability calculated by calculating the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for different measures (ranged between 0.74 and 0.96). The results of the evaluation of the quality of in-service virtual training showed that the quality of these trainings is relatively favorable from the staffs’ viewpoint. The results of the comparison of the job empowerment dimensions before and after participation in these courses showed that the sense of competence, autonomy and influence were significantly increased after the participation in the courses. The correlation matrix results indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between the quality of in-service training and job empowerment of employees. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that quality of in-service training was the most important predictor of employee empowerment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Assessing Educational Applications of Virtual - Social Networks and Its Social Harms as Perceived by Agricultural Students (the Case of College of Agriculture, Zanjan University)
jafar yaghoubi Vahid MohammadiThe purpose of this study was to study the educational applications of virtual social networks and their social harms from the perspective of agricultural students. Descriptive-correlation method with survey technic was used in this study. A questionnaire was used to co MoreThe purpose of this study was to study the educational applications of virtual social networks and their social harms from the perspective of agricultural students. Descriptive-correlation method with survey technic was used in this study. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The face validity of the questionnaire was approved by a panel of academic experts. Pre-test and calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficients were used to measure the reliability and the value of this coefficient was higher than 0.75. Agricultural students in Zanjan University formed the population of the study (N=1102) and samples were selected using stratified random sampling (n=150). Results showed that educational applications of virtual social networks were summarized in four factors including: teaching notification and exchange of lesson content and teaching assignments, interactive communication of conferences and research resources, Interact with classmates and share news and educational videos, and searching of student affairs and sport and exchange of educational material between students. These factors explained 63.65% of the total variance. Results of confirmatory factor analysis of harms of virtual social networks showed that these harms were summarized in six factors including: insulting ethnicities and religions and spreading verbal intolerance, reducing public confidence and expanding fake identity, waste of time and academic failure, publishing false information and increase unhealthy relationship, reduce in person communication and publishing immoral material. Considering the considerable amount of time spent by students in virtual social networks, regardless of whether it is positive or negative, it is necessary to plan this capacity for optimal and useful training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Common weights for the evaluation of decision-making units with nonlinear virtual inputs and outputs
S. Borzoei M. Zohrehbandian -
Open Access Article
91 - Using of Virtual Water Footprint Concept in Livestock Productions for Water Resources Conservation
Ehsan Movahednejad Hadi Ramezani Etedali Alireza ShokoohiAgricultural water footprint is more than 90 percent of fresh water resources in Iran. About 30 percent of it is used as feed for livestock. The livestock industry is one of the world's most water-based industries, especially in Iran. In this study, the mean livestock f MoreAgricultural water footprint is more than 90 percent of fresh water resources in Iran. About 30 percent of it is used as feed for livestock. The livestock industry is one of the world's most water-based industries, especially in Iran. In this study, the mean livestock feed in the three provinces of Tehran, Alborz and Qazvin were estimated and then, using the Mekonnen and Hokkstra method, the water footprint was calculated. Then these values compared to the average water footprint in other countries (Netherlands, USA, Russia, Mexico, India and the world average). The values of virtual water footprint for producing beef were estimated 44.49, 45.18 and 45.51 m3/kg in milk production were estimated 2.24, 2.25 and 2.43 m3/Lit in Tehran, Alborz and Qazvin provinces respectively. The global average water footprints of beef and milk are 14.4 m3/kg and 1 m3/Lit. This comparision shows that the virtual water footprint in cattle production in Iran is higher than the global average. Based on the results of this study, the high water footprint in animal feed production and poor management of livestock farms are the main reseans of the high water footprint in Animal Production. Reducing water footprint in domestic forage production or forage imports is suggested due to the high contribution of nutrition to the high water footprint of beef and milk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Investigating the impacts of latitude on virtual water content of major crops in the eastern provinces of Iran
Ali Arefinia Khaled AhmadaaliTemperature is a key factor in yield, crop water requirement, and then virtual water of various agricultural products. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of latitude as one of the most effective factors on the variation of virtual water of agricultural MoreTemperature is a key factor in yield, crop water requirement, and then virtual water of various agricultural products. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of latitude as one of the most effective factors on the variation of virtual water of agricultural products. In this research, the virtual water content of nine major plants including wheat, barley, alfalfa, sugar beet, corn, watermelon, tomato, onion and potato in four eastern provinces (including 56 cities) of Iran was calculated based on 20-year statistical data. Then, the average virtual water of each plant was calculated in different latitudes from 〖25〗^° to 〖38〗^°N at 1^° intervals using ArcGIS software. The regression between the average virtual water with crop water requirement and yield of the products revealed a positive correlation between virtual water and crop water requirement (r=0.65) and a negative correlation between virtual water and yield (r= 0.74). The average virtual water from the lowest to the highest was 0.19, 0.38, 0.45, 0.46, 0.53, 0.57, 1.59, 1.69, and 1.80 thousand cubic meters per ton for corn, sugar beet, onion, watermelon, tomato, potato, alfalfa, barley, and wheat, respectively. The results showed that the variation pattern of virtual water of the studied products across different latitude was Gaussian. Despite the different maximum values of virtual water, they occurred in the latitude range of 〖30〗^° to 〖33〗^° N and by moving away from the mentioned range to higher or lower latitude, the virtual water content of all products decreases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - The Ontological Change in Human Existence through Passage Rites
فاطمه Bayat Fard فاطمه LajevardiCommon rites in every society reflect the cultural and religious ideas of their people. The structure of a rite is built by the mythical, metaphysical and sometimes mundane believes of people who have been faithful to them for centuries. Passage rites are of the most im MoreCommon rites in every society reflect the cultural and religious ideas of their people. The structure of a rite is built by the mythical, metaphysical and sometimes mundane believes of people who have been faithful to them for centuries. Passage rites are of the most important and most common practices in human societies. These rites are in fact the reminders of the most important stages of life to people and at the same time introduce some new sets of responsibilities and roles to people who are experiencing the passage. This paper considers the ontological change that is realized by man in these stages of life, including birth, puberty, marriage and death. This change is so radical that they describe it as a symbolic death to one's previous being and birth to a new one. When brought to birth, man is not yet complete unless he undergoes successive symbolic and spiritual deaths before the final one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Buddhism and the Problem of Abortion
Alireza ShojaiOver two thousand years ago, Buddhist embryology made it very clear that a separate, independent human life begins at the moment of conception. In contrast to the situation in western countries, there has been relatively little serious discussion of abortion as a religi MoreOver two thousand years ago, Buddhist embryology made it very clear that a separate, independent human life begins at the moment of conception. In contrast to the situation in western countries, there has been relatively little serious discussion of abortion as a religious and ethical issue in Buddhist countries. Leaders of the Buddhist sangha have said very little indeed on the issue. The Buddhist teachings have made it clear that unskillful acts, like abortion, always have negative consequences for the agent. As we have seen, Buddhists understand the fetus to be a human being; therefore, abortion obviously should be covered under the first precept, namely “to abstain from taking life”. But some contemporary Buddhist thinkers and scholars of Buddhism in the West and a much smaller number in the East are beginning to address bioethical issues according to modern embryological research. They argue that although all abortions are condemned by Buddhists as the taking of human life, as the pregnancy progresses, there is some controversy about whether or not, from the Buddhist Point of view, a late term abortion is a more unskillful act than one performed early on in the pregnancy. Finally, Buddhists, unlike feminists, understand the fetus to be a person. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Mystical Affirmative Ethics from the Viewpoint of Teresa of Avila and Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī
بخشعلی قنبریAffirmative ethic– the collection of virtues and merits in all humansocieties– secures the permanence and consistency of human life. Inmystical approach which aims at experiencing the final core ofknowledge, the affirmative ethic is defined differently. In g MoreAffirmative ethic– the collection of virtues and merits in all humansocieties– secures the permanence and consistency of human life. Inmystical approach which aims at experiencing the final core ofknowledge, the affirmative ethic is defined differently. In general, thereis no dichotomy between the affirmative ethic and other ethical issues,but mystics pay more attention to its esoteric dimension than theexoteric one. Teresa of Avila (1515-1582 C.E.) and Jalāl al-dīn Rūmī(1208-1274 C.E.) are mystics of two Islamic and Christian traditionswho have taken much notice of affirmative ethic– concepts such asmodesty, sincerity, forgiveness and etc– in their works and haveemphasized to its importance in the course of mystical journey. ForTeresa of Avila modesty is of the utmost importance, so much that onecould call her mysticism the mysticism of modesty. For Rūmī it isalmost the same. From his viewpoint modesty impedes the penetrationof evil into the seeker’s mind, brings man to the position of kingshipamong the other creatures and grants him the divine union. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - An Analysis of the Mantle Structure of the Safavid Bridge Span (Case Study: Thirty-Three Bridges, Marnan, Khaju, Joey)
amin mosavat reza babakhaniBackground and Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the design of crater width, crater height and base widths of four poles, Thirty-Three bridges, Khajou, Joey, and Marnan, constructed on the Zayandehrood River, and to explore MoreBackground and Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the design of crater width, crater height and base widths of four poles, Thirty-Three bridges, Khajou, Joey, and Marnan, constructed on the Zayandehrood River, and to explore the relationship between these variables underpins the theory that The form of these bridges is a direct function of their main function.Method: In this study, due to the high volume of data, the research method is based on Python coding and working with artificial intelligence algorithms that, after harvesting the required data and performing various calculations of the files in CSV format, and then considering field harvesting, openings four bridges were simulated in related software using the cosine relation of all openings and plots were plotted.Findings: The findings of this study suggest that there is a high similarity and a close relationship between the width and height of the craters on each bridge with that bridge itself and the three other bridges on the river, and the design of these bridges is less than a century old despite historical differences.Discussion and Conclusion: In conclusion, it should be stated that the more the historical period of the construction of the bridges is focused on the past, the wider the bridges are and according to the drawing diagrams of the openings of each bridge, they have high accuracy in design and construction. The 75-span bridge has a similarity percentage of 70 to 90, which is very similar to the 33 bridges and Khajoo bridge, and the bridge search and thirty-three bridges are the lowest. It can now be said that these bridges are designed based on their performance and according to the standards of that period, construction technology, available materials and suitable for climatic conditions and river water flow calculations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - انتخاب رهبران رای با استفاده از الگوریتم بهینه سازی گرگ خاکستری در شبکه های اجتماعی
صمد محمد اقدم فرهاد سلیمانیان قره چپق محمد مصدریسرویس های شبکه های اجتماعی دیجیتال همان شبکه های اجتماعی هستند که مردم به اصطلاح عامیانه از این واژه استفاده می کنند. پلتفرم های رسانه های اجتماعی و وب سایت هایی که انتقال دانش از طریق شبکه های اجتماعی را امکان پذیر می کنند، ابزارهای دیجیتالی هستند که برای ساخت شبکه های Moreسرویس های شبکه های اجتماعی دیجیتال همان شبکه های اجتماعی هستند که مردم به اصطلاح عامیانه از این واژه استفاده می کنند. پلتفرم های رسانه های اجتماعی و وب سایت هایی که انتقال دانش از طریق شبکه های اجتماعی را امکان پذیر می کنند، ابزارهای دیجیتالی هستند که برای ساخت شبکه های اجتماعی و توسعه آنها طراحی شده اند. علاقه و استفاده زیاد از شبکه های اجتماعی این محیط ها را برای فعالیت های مختلف از جمله اقتصادی، فرهنگی، سیاسی و ... مهیا کرده است. رهبران رای یکی از مهمترین مواردی هستند که در این محیط ها تأثیر زیادی بر سایر کاربران دارند. رهبران رای در شبکه های اجتماعی سودمند هستند و ما می توانیم با شناسایی آنها از توانمندی و نفوذ آنها استفاده کنیم. در این مقاله، ما رهبران رای را با استفاده از الگوریتم بهینه سازی گرگ خاکستری انتخاب کرده ایم. این روش سلسله مراتب رهبری و سازوکار شکار گرگهای خاکستری را در طبیعت تقلید می کند و شامل 3 مرحله اصلی شکاریعنی جستجوی طعمه، محاصره طعمه و حمله به طعمه است. بر اساس بررسی ها و نتایج حاصله، تعداد رهبران واقعی رای تشخیص داده شده توسط این الگوریتم قابل توجه است و مزیت روش پیشنهادی سازگاری با معیارهای مختلف و ارائه نتایج پایداری درروش های مختلف است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - A Random Walk with Exponential Travel Times
R. Kazemi -
Open Access Article
99 - Comparative Study of Attar’s “Virtuous Woman” and Boccaccio’s “Thousand and One Night”
Mahboubeh Moslemi ZadehThe present article studies two stories comparatively: “Virtuous Woman” of Attar’s Elahi Nameh – the attempts of a woman who was accused to disloyalty to be honorable and virtuous; thus she was inevitable to move away and became answered invitati MoreThe present article studies two stories comparatively: “Virtuous Woman” of Attar’s Elahi Nameh – the attempts of a woman who was accused to disloyalty to be honorable and virtuous; thus she was inevitable to move away and became answered invitation against the adversity – “thousand and one night” by Boccaccion is a novel about a princess who faces events and accidents during the travel to his husband – Morocco’s king – and had to accept some requests. The aim of this paper is to study two stories – which are from different nations – similarities, the number of events, the travels’ goal, stories’ characters, time, place and the narrators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Comparative Study on Virtual Love in Hossein Monzavi and Nizar Qabbani's Poetries
Javad Kaboutari Ozra Mosaei Fatemeh Ka'ab AslLove is one of the most frequent and popular categories in the field of human interests and feelings especially in the realm of human's written language. Everyone composes love by his assumption by his own emotions. Although love is viewed from two true and v MoreLove is one of the most frequent and popular categories in the field of human interests and feelings especially in the realm of human's written language. Everyone composes love by his assumption by his own emotions. Although love is viewed from two true and virtual perspectives and virtual love is seen only in the worldly love, sometimes true love is manifested in the body of the worldly lover such as love of child to mother or vice versa. Virtual love is not limited to worldly and beautiful beloved but extends to deeper issues such as loving freedom, homeland, children and so on. Nizar Qabbani's and Monzavi were stylistic romantic poets who could link classical literature to contemporary one. Both poets seek to create a new language for expressing love and consider love sacred. Nizar Qabbani's viewpoint of women is closely related to politics, homeland and freedom and tries to raise women's humanistic values. The woman does not have a specific evidence in his poetries and he means the general Arab women, but in the Monzavi poetries a specific woman is mentioned. Both know Mother as the spirit of their poems and have composed beautiful poems describing mothers, fathers, spouses and children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - A Comparative Study of the Prophetic Praises of Seyeda Nasfi and Safi al-Din Halli
Ebrahim Fallah Mohammad Reza HajianMuslim poets in Arabic and Persian literature have long presented valuable poems in the form of prophetic praise to the Prophet (PBUH), in addition to praising God which shows their belief and commitment to him. Considering that the Prophet (PBUH) is the founder of the MoreMuslim poets in Arabic and Persian literature have long presented valuable poems in the form of prophetic praise to the Prophet (PBUH), in addition to praising God which shows their belief and commitment to him. Considering that the Prophet (PBUH) is the founder of the religion of Islam and the Prophets Seal, it is necessary to investigate the mental and spiritual characteristics of that Imam through the lens of prophetic praise. Since the role and position of the Prophet (PBUH) as the jewel of prophecy in the system of existence has a particular importance. Muslim poets paid special attention to this issue in order to bless their poems and dedicated some of their poems to it. Because the souls of Muslim poets are full of heartfelt love for the Imam and in their poetry, they have sincerely spoken about the virtues of the Imam. The present study, using a descriptive-analytical method and citing evidence from the poems of these poets, has investigated a comparative study of Nasfi and Halli prophetic praises. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Validation of the Hadiths of the Virtues of Preserving the Quran in Shia Sources
zahra chenani mina shamkhi ghasem bostaniNumerous hadiths about the preservation of the Qur'an, the value and status of preservers, which have encouraging themes and motivate believers to memorize and recite the Qur'anic verses and act on it, have been found in the Shi'a narrative sources of infallible Shi'a. MoreNumerous hadiths about the preservation of the Qur'an, the value and status of preservers, which have encouraging themes and motivate believers to memorize and recite the Qur'anic verses and act on it, have been found in the Shi'a narrative sources of infallible Shi'a. These narratives are collected in most narrative and commentary societies. But the authenticity of these narrations and therefore the validity of their texts are not the same, and no general verdict can be made. The present study uses a descriptive-analytical method, gathering information in a library-based manner, focusing solely on Shiite sources, focusing its study on the most important hadith societies and looking briefly at the history of this science and the developments it has gone through. , Has examined this, and shows that although some of the virtues of preserving the Qur'an are correct in content or in the authenticity of their document, this is not a reason for their correctness and relies solely on the document or text for correction. A news does not mean that it is correct. Whether or not the correct document is incorporated into the correct text may either imply unacceptable meaning or disagree with texts that have stronger truth implications. There were such problems in the hadiths studied that made them inaccurate and difficult to accept. Of course, although most of the hadiths of the virtues of preserving the Qur'an were weak, the Shi'a hadiths are legally bound to do so. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - The role of texture in similar verses on the Theory Firth
Zohreh Ghorbanimadavani behnaz khajeh mohammad abadi reyhaneh alavi tabaeiDue to the necessity of understanding the meaning in the analysis of phrases and in order to correctly understand the words of the speaker, paying attention to the context is one of the most essential topics in semantics; Therefore, linguists in semantic studies pay att MoreDue to the necessity of understanding the meaning in the analysis of phrases and in order to correctly understand the words of the speaker, paying attention to the context is one of the most essential topics in semantics; Therefore, linguists in semantic studies pay attention to context from two perspectives. The first group believes that the meaning of a sentence can be determined separately from any context, and the second group, like Firth, believes in the theory of situational context. He believes that all the constituent elements of speech, including the personality of the speaker and the listener and the social environment, etc. should be examined in order to reach a correct understanding of the phrase. For this purpose, the present article tries to investigate the role of texture in the use of prepositions and its importance in creating meaning in some similar verses by using descriptive-analytical method and with the help of Firth theory. It was concluded that similar verses, in which only the preposition is different, have played a different meaning, which is influenced by the context and texture of the verses. For example, the letters (Ali) and (Eli) are in two separate contexts with different meanings but in two similar verses. Also, the letters (Ba) and (Lam) are the same. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - A Study of the Fundamental Function of Faith in the Moral System of the Holy Quran
Susan Alerasoul Fatemeh Shirzadrad JalaliThe Holy Quran’s moral system is different from other moral systems. The Quranic system of morality is based on faith in Allah; its end is arriving at divine essence; its means are devotion to Allah and earnest endeavor to attain divine satisfaction; its behavior MoreThe Holy Quran’s moral system is different from other moral systems. The Quranic system of morality is based on faith in Allah; its end is arriving at divine essence; its means are devotion to Allah and earnest endeavor to attain divine satisfaction; its behavior code is emulating moral codes and uprooting vice. When any human being arrives at certitude by relying on the divine teachings of the Holy Quran as the word of Allah Who is the sole source of honor and power, they would not admit anything ungodly and unholy into their hearts which are the sole abode of divine features. Quranic morality is based on divine love, divine ethics, love for Allah as a means to and reflection of divine features. Thus any act performed for and in Allah’s name is one that aims at attracting His Divine contentment and mercy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - The Virtues of Ahl al-Bait (AS) in Tafsir Al-Mizan
Mohammad reza AramAssistant Professor of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Among the various interpretations of the Quran, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Quran, the precious book of contemporary scholar, Tabatabaee, Undoubtedly, is one of the best interpretations of the Quran. MoreAssistant Professor of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Among the various interpretations of the Quran, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Quran, the precious book of contemporary scholar, Tabatabaee, Undoubtedly, is one of the best interpretations of the Quran. Although its interpretation is based on the interpretation of Quran by Quran but according to the traditionary sources of both Shiite and Sunni in interpretation of Quran especially in explaining of high position of Ahl Al-Bait, has removed this interpretation from the being only interpretation of Quran by Quran, and for relying on the narrative and use of traditionary resources, it has been considered as the rate and pattern in the interpretation of Quran. On this basis, this study attempts to explain the virtues and positions of Ahl Al-Bait on the opinios and ideas of AllamehTabatabaee in Al- Mizan and to study its how and its quality.To do so, after explaining “the concept of Ahl Al-Bait”and its application in the Quran,the necessity of recognizingAhl Al-Bait and their status and prestige in the Quran and Hadith has been described. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - The Indications of Reaching Fallah in Holy Qur'an
Karim Parchebaf Dowlati Fereshteh Motamed langroudiThe term of “Fallah” is of fundamental position in moral Islamic teachings culture and Holy Qur’an; because most of people are doing decent acts and Ethical behaviors to reach to Fallah. In Holy Quran conception, Fallah means ”achievement” MoreThe term of “Fallah” is of fundamental position in moral Islamic teachings culture and Holy Qur’an; because most of people are doing decent acts and Ethical behaviors to reach to Fallah. In Holy Quran conception, Fallah means ”achievement” ”triumph”, ”success” and “salivation. Also happiness achievement is called Fallah. Or when an individual overcomes the barriers and faces ideal goal. Based on the ingrained capacities of Human, he can rely on factors such as: faith, good deeds, virtue, self-purification, repentance, enjoining good and forbidding wrong and mentioning God’s blessings in order to find salvation. Virtue and piety amongst all is the main principle to salvation and happiness. The present article studies the most famous indications to reach Fallah from Quran point of view. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - The characteristics of the eulogies and virtues of Imams in faghani.s Divan and Qoran
Mohammad Hojjat Jalal IranmaneshThis article investigates the most significant aspects of the eulogies and praises of the innocent Imams (pft) in the books of prominent poets in Hindi.s style.This article clearly revealed the thoughts of the poets who have embellished their works with name of some gre MoreThis article investigates the most significant aspects of the eulogies and praises of the innocent Imams (pft) in the books of prominent poets in Hindi.s style.This article clearly revealed the thoughts of the poets who have embellished their works with name of some great men and defending their aspiration in the history to achieve this aim.the following poems have been considered:Faghani (the pioneer of Hindi.s style j.Taleb-e Amoli.Kalim-e Kashani.Saeb-e Tabrizi and Zalali-c Khansari.The findings show that all the poets defend 'velayat' and highlight their own thoughts in their poems. At last writers try to pay special attention to the style that Mokhtar Osmani has used according to his time indirectly and with an outstanding cleverness for eulogy and praise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Comparative Study of the Jesus’ Birth in the Four Gospels and Quran
Abdo'lmajid Taleb Tash Javad ForooqiThe Gospels suggest that the Holy Spirit has had the mission of conceiving the Jesus in Mary’s womb; and the “Jesus” had the responsibility of saving the people from their sins. The holy Quran has recognized the figure of Jesus in much the same way as MoreThe Gospels suggest that the Holy Spirit has had the mission of conceiving the Jesus in Mary’s womb; and the “Jesus” had the responsibility of saving the people from their sins. The holy Quran has recognized the figure of Jesus in much the same way as the Gospels’ story, but it has presented a new approach. In Quran’s terms, the Divine Spirit appears in the shape of a human and bestows a pure son upon Mary. In this paper, we have studied the stories on the birth of Jesus in the Quran and Gospels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Comparative study of moral virtues and vices in the four Gospels and the Holy Koran
Delara Nemati Pir Ali Gholam Reza Abbasi ValadiEthic instructions necessary for human evolutionhas been givento themanby the carriersof revelationandits most important rules have been presentedin religious scriptures.Referring to thedivine books and comparative study of their moral teachingsis necessa MoreEthic instructions necessary for human evolutionhas been givento themanby the carriersof revelationandits most important rules have been presentedin religious scriptures.Referring to thedivine books and comparative study of their moral teachingsis necessary to provethe fact that religions are alongside each other and that themost complete religion has presented the most complete teachings. Two ethical systems of Islam and Christianityare based on divine worldview. Commonmoral in Four Gospels and the Quran represents thatthe issuance of their moral teachingsis the same. But differencesinexpressing moralvirtuesandvices in ethic instructions of thesetexts can be seen that prove the comprehensiveness of the Holy Quran and the superiority of its teachings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Satisfaction and simple living among Qoran and nahjolBalagheh
Sharbanoo MihaniSatisfaction is one of the worthy moral virtues that functions as an obstacle against voracity and greediness and also it is accounted asone of the worth principles of economic morality in Islam. Having too much tendency toward material things and fleeting joys of the w MoreSatisfaction is one of the worthy moral virtues that functions as an obstacle against voracity and greediness and also it is accounted asone of the worth principles of economic morality in Islam. Having too much tendency toward material things and fleeting joys of the world is the source of moral rascalities in the society and leads to treading on the human.s rights, losing capitals and natural sources. The best samples for simple living in Qoran and the instructions of the clear Islamic religion are the prophet Mohammad (PBUH), the innocents (pft),the other saints that by examining their view points and practical manner.the suitable practical samples can be presented to people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Institution of Charity in Human through Prayer from Quran's Viewpoint
Sousan Aale Rasoul Mojgan Kazemi BoueiniCharity is the key to human prosperity and development in this world and in the hereafter. Since in the Qur'anic culture, the promotion of one's spiritual character is known as the utmost of charity. The present study has examined the stages of attaining the charit MoreCharity is the key to human prosperity and development in this world and in the hereafter. Since in the Qur'anic culture, the promotion of one's spiritual character is known as the utmost of charity. The present study has examined the stages of attaining the charitable human characteristics. From thanksgiving as the first step of divine knowledge to charity that is the highest virtue. A model of a guided thankful man is set who sits in a straight line. On one hand, by donating worldly and unworldly invests one would save his spirit from evil behaviors and receive a great reward from God, and on the other hand tries to remove existing class gap between humans and by donation creates more hope to join God and justice implementation in society. In fact, charity will be a spotlight to illuminate the straight path to its followers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Legal Aspects of General Ethics and Virtue in Cyber Space by Quranic Approach
Nafiseh Nekoui Mehr Atfeh Hosseini Fard Masoud Rae’iOne of the developing values in Islamic societies, is to take care of general ethics and virtue in various conditions. It is obvious that proper and useful operation of cyber space needs considering specific norms which ignoring them would result in harms that some may MoreOne of the developing values in Islamic societies, is to take care of general ethics and virtue in various conditions. It is obvious that proper and useful operation of cyber space needs considering specific norms which ignoring them would result in harms that some may counted as crime and could terminate in punishment. According to increasing statistics of the files relating to such type of crimes as well as improper definition of applicability, the present paper studies performance guarantee of such crimes by analyzing articles number 14 and 15 of computer crimes by applying librarian method. The main outcome of the research is that the most important prevention ways are education, emotions, controls and power. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - To Promote Virtue and Prevent Vice in Present Era by Quranic and Narrative Approach
asghar abedzadehHuman being has always sought civil and civilization although sometimes picked no fruit. This is human’s natural need to have an ideal and logical society and keep on his life in Utopia. The very first guarantee for an ideal life is law. Almighty Allah donates a g MoreHuman being has always sought civil and civilization although sometimes picked no fruit. This is human’s natural need to have an ideal and logical society and keep on his life in Utopia. The very first guarantee for an ideal life is law. Almighty Allah donates a general law to all his creatures which guarantees their happiness. Human’s nature is such a type who desires to do good things and hates wrongs according to Verses and narrations; but there are some factors which coerce his nature and deviates from the main aim. Weak beliefs, educational issues, economical problems and leadership policies are the factor which are remarkable as damage in performing “promote virtue and prevent vice”; the negative impacts can be seen in society and individual both. The present article intends to compile data with librarian, descriptive – analytical method to study promote virtue and prevent vice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Presentation the development model of faculty members with a virtualization approach (Islamic Azad University of the Khorasan Razavi Province)
Safiyeh Salehisadr Hamid Rezaiefar Mohammad Mohammadi Hossein HakimpourThe purpose of this study was to present the development model of faculty members with a virtualization approach in the Islamic Azad University of Khorasan Razavi Province. This research was a qualitative research and the Grounded Theory method of the foundation was the MoreThe purpose of this study was to present the development model of faculty members with a virtualization approach in the Islamic Azad University of Khorasan Razavi Province. This research was a qualitative research and the Grounded Theory method of the foundation was the criterion in this research. The statistical population included university administrators and professors and experts in the field of behavioral sciences, organizational behavior and human resources of Islamic Azad universities in Khorasan Razavi province. Using purposive sampling method and applying the theoretical saturation criterion, 20 people were used as participants in the study. Goba and Lincoln (1985) methods were used to evaluate the validity and reliability. The results of data analysis during the three stages of open coding, theoretical coding and selective coding indicate 250 primary codes, 39 secondary codes and 16 general categories that within the paradigm model include: causal conditions (correlated, individual, organizational), axial phenomenon (maturity). Vocational, moral maturity, research maturity, educational maturity), requirements (macro environmental factors, micro environmental factors), mediating conditions (welfare, human resource development), contextual conditions (cultural factors, economic factors) and consequences (organizational performance improvement, improvement Individual performance (improving student performance) is analyzed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Identifying virtual teaching-learning challenges in primary education
mohamadreza farajzadeh nooredin mirzaei naghi kamaliPurpose: Virtual trainings, in spite of many opportunities and benefits, also bring challenges and problems in the teaching-learning process. The current research was done with the aim of providing solutions to solve the challenges of virtual teaching and learning in th MorePurpose: Virtual trainings, in spite of many opportunities and benefits, also bring challenges and problems in the teaching-learning process. The current research was done with the aim of providing solutions to solve the challenges of virtual teaching and learning in the education system. Method: This research is practical in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of execution method. The statistical population of the research includes 15 experts in the field of educational sciences who were selected by snowball sampling. The data collection tool includes semi-structured interviews and the Delphi technique is also used. The validity and reliability of the interviews have also been confirmed according to the opinion of experts. Findings: The research findings show that the virtual teaching-learning challenges in the education system include: technical and technological challenges (including 20 components), pedagogical challenges (45 components) and ethical challenges (16 components). Also, the solutions to overcome the virtual teaching-learning challenges include 17 components. Conclusion: According to the findings, the problems of virtual teaching and learning in the education system can be reduced to a great extent by proper planning and policy in the fields of technology, pedagogy and ethics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - A Jurisprudential Study of the Necessity for the Formation of the Organization of Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice
Ebrahim Khamar Akbar Fallah Ali FaqihiThe purpose of the present research is to explain and prove the necessity of the formation of the organization of promotion of virtue and prevention of vice in order to accurately and effectively perform this obligatory act as well as the manifestation and realization o MoreThe purpose of the present research is to explain and prove the necessity of the formation of the organization of promotion of virtue and prevention of vice in order to accurately and effectively perform this obligatory act as well as the manifestation and realization of its results and blessings for individuals and society as whole. In this regard and by using a descriptive-analytical method, this main issue was dealt with that why execution of this obligatory act does not have a suitable and decent representation in society and sometimes leads to some likely unpleasant results although it is ordered by the reason and emphasized by the Qur'anic verses and traditions to promote virtues and prevent vices in society to enjoy the numerous blessings. The most important finding of the research indicates the necessity to establish a mandatory organization to define and explain the virtue and vice, especially their emergent instances as well as organizing and providing essential backgrounds for the appropriate and effective implementation of this act in different fields and institutions. The necessity of formation of the abovementioned organization can be proven with reference to the verses and traditions, the norm and method of the scholars, obligatory introduction, and the principle of priority. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) image processing for virtual tissue extraction
Reza Moasherati Hasan TashakoriObjective: Cardiovascular diseases have increased significantly in recent decades. One of the heart failures is coronary artery occlusion disease, which is caused by the accumulation of plaques in the coronary artery wall. The main goal of this research is to detect the MoreObjective: Cardiovascular diseases have increased significantly in recent decades. One of the heart failures is coronary artery occlusion disease, which is caused by the accumulation of plaques in the coronary artery wall. The main goal of this research is to detect the location of plaques and improve the shadow areas behind calcium plaques using automatic image processing methods.Materials and Methods: In this research, an automatic algorithm was designed and implemented to detect calcium plaques and the shadowed area in intravascular ultrasound images. In this algorithm, the Atsu thresholding method and the active contour method are used to select the detection threshold and reveal the shadow border, respectively. Also, the quality of shaded areas has been improved with histogram adjustment and histogram matching methods. For this purpose, the images of 26 patients with coronary artery occlusion from two selected hospitals of Ardabil city were selected with the cooperation of the doctor.Findings: Using the algorithm implemented for two cases, the presence or absence of plaques in the images and the correctness or incorrectness of all plaques in the images were checked and compared with the results of the doctor's diagnosis.Conclusion: The results of the method used in this research compared to other researches, due to working on a large number of real images of patients and validating the results with the opinion of a cardiologist, caused a more accurate diagnosis of calcium plaques. Also, the results of improving the quality of the images showed that improving the quality of shadows does not give valuable information regarding the determination of the outer border of the vessel and the location of the calcium plaques due to their placement outside the area of the placement of the plaques. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - comparing the low birth weight of newborn in the fasting pregnant with non-fasting pregnant women
ملیحه مهرمنشIntroduction Maternal nutrition plays a critical role in fetal growth and development. .Mothers practice fasting though they are excused from fasting during pregnancy. The aim of this study was comparison the low birth weight in fasting and non-fasting pregnant women. M MoreIntroduction Maternal nutrition plays a critical role in fetal growth and development. .Mothers practice fasting though they are excused from fasting during pregnancy. The aim of this study was comparison the low birth weight in fasting and non-fasting pregnant women. Method The present research was cohort study. 84 pregnant women were put into 2 groups of second Trimester (21 fasting pregnant women and 21 non –fasting pregnant women) and third Trimester (21 fasting pregnant women and 21 non – fasting pregnant women) sampling was performed randomly ,gradually. Data was collected by questionnaires,examination ,and interview, and then they were analyzed by SPSS. Results The statistical test showed that the difference in low birth weight between the infants of fasting and non-fasting women in the second trimester and third trimester of pregnancy was not statistically significant. fasting in the second and third trimester of pregnancy does not lead to low birth weight If pregnant women have adequate meal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Awareness and attitude of the companions of mothers hospitalized in the post-partum department of Valiasr Hospital(Aj) in Qom city towards post-partum depression
Malihe MehrmaneshObjective: Postpartum depression may have irreparable consequences for the mother, child and her family. The awareness and attitude of family members plays a very important role in early diagnosis and treatment of the disease as quickly as possible. Therefore, this rese MoreObjective: Postpartum depression may have irreparable consequences for the mother, child and her family. The awareness and attitude of family members plays a very important role in early diagnosis and treatment of the disease as quickly as possible. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the level of awareness and attitude of the companions of mothers hospitalized in the post-partum department of Valiasr(Aj) Hospital, Qom.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 100 companions of mothers hospitalized in the post-partum department of Valiasr Hospital(Aj) Qom, using available sampling method. The data collection tool was a three-part questionnaire including personal information, awareness and attitude measurement. The data were analyzed with the help of descriptive and inferential tests by SPSS version 16 software.Findings: The results showed that 70% of the studied people had moderate knowledge about postpartum depression. There is a statistically significant relationship between the level of awareness of postpartum depression with the variables of age, level of education, spouse's education, number of pregnancies, occupation and type of delivery. 85% of people had a negative attitude towards postpartum depression. The relationship between education level, spouse's education, number of pregnancies and occupation, with attitude was statistically significant. But the relationship between attitude with age and type of delivery was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Considering the importance of family members in supporting and diagnosing postpartum depression as quickly as possible, it is necessary to increase the awareness and attitude of those around pregnant mothers with different educational methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - A Research about the Position of Felicity in Plato’s Moral and Political School
Hamidreza Moameri Khodayar MortazaviThe purpose of the present study is to explain Plato’s perspective to the world of living and life, as this philosopher relying on some fixed principles, speaks about the purpose of life and in his master’s words, introduces human felicity as Ghayat al-Ghaya MoreThe purpose of the present study is to explain Plato’s perspective to the world of living and life, as this philosopher relying on some fixed principles, speaks about the purpose of life and in his master’s words, introduces human felicity as Ghayat al-Ghayat (the goal of goals). The main research question is if there is a relationship between Plato’s political and moral ideology and what is their commonality? The method of this research is interpretive-analytical and the results showed that as there is a deep relationship between morality and politics in classic political philosophy, felicity especially in the classic theological morality, interrelates politics and morality together. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - An analysis of Mythical and Symolic concepts in the stories of "Shah Hijaz and Human failure in the face of fate" from Bakhtiarnameh
Seddighe Jalili Hamidreza Farzi Ali DehghanOne of the ways in which myths continue their life is that they are transformed into stories and tales, especially folk tales; Bakhtiarnameh is one of the stories that reflect past mythological ideas and ritual customs. In this article, the mythical and symbolic concept MoreOne of the ways in which myths continue their life is that they are transformed into stories and tales, especially folk tales; Bakhtiarnameh is one of the stories that reflect past mythological ideas and ritual customs. In this article, the mythical and symbolic concepts of the tenth chapter of a book, entitled "Shah Hijaz and Human failure in the face of fate", is examined. The authors hypothesized that in depth construction of this story, they could trace the mythical and symbolic concepts, including acquaintance, isolated in a symbolic place, death and rebirth, hard tests, torture, guidance, mountains, wells, lions, sacred numbers and so on. In addition, the fate of Shah Hejaz's son connects him with the rejected children. We can say that predicting killing his father, being rejected, upbringing by Ayyārs, and finally fighting with his father and getting his king's throne are completely related to the fate of these children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Sign – semantic of place in the story of Zal birth
leila khezel farhad tahmasbi Sareh ZirakStudy of effect and function of places, includes meanings and data which is the subject of semiotics especially cultural semiotics. Principles of semiotics that is rooted in many comprehension sciences, can clear this subject for every one by emphasis on sign’s me MoreStudy of effect and function of places, includes meanings and data which is the subject of semiotics especially cultural semiotics. Principles of semiotics that is rooted in many comprehension sciences, can clear this subject for every one by emphasis on sign’s meaning and consideration of sign’s factors with different meaning directions. In this case, this study considers the places in Zal birth’s story in Ferdosy Shahnameh, by analytical – descriptive method. Therefore we want to specify different places in mentioned story by meaningful view and role of location signs analyzing. We also want to study the process of place’s interpretation in related story. The results are shown that the most of story events are located in Alborz Mountain. This mountain is a mythological place. Even most of the narrative places of this story tend to spatial, and leave their being. The analytical aspects are strengthened in them. They accept new signs that are rooted in mental experiences such as myth, history, culture, and shared memories of nation. Generally, places reinforce the mythical aspect of Zal birth’s story. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Discovering and analyzing the use of burial spells and treasures in selected verses from nizami's Khamse
Ahmad Jafari Yahya Talebian Abbas ali VafaieOne of the phenomena studied in archeology is the study of historical beliefs and documents about the spells of treasures. The science of spells deals with: how to keep treasures, bury them in the ground to protect them from thieves and enemies, put various spells on th MoreOne of the phenomena studied in archeology is the study of historical beliefs and documents about the spells of treasures. The science of spells deals with: how to keep treasures, bury them in the ground to protect them from thieves and enemies, put various spells on them, ways to detect and open spells in Burials place. In his Khamse, Nizami has used these topics in great detail. The need to revise the traditional works of Persian literature from the point of view of archeology and to discover the historical values of a prominent literary work has created the need to explore how to use the themes of spells and treasures in Khamse. This research has been done by using field observations, by conducting interviews with cultural heritage experts and by using descriptive analytical method. The analysis of verses based on the classification of the imagination in Coleridge's Theory and also two different functions of the image in the literature as the linguistic and the virtual function reveals that in terms of content, spells and treasures have been used in the field of fiction and also pride, allegory, description, lyricism, praise and mysticism. Among these themes, the field of fiction is the most visible due to the use of precise details, and in other areas, it reveals the poet's thematic power. In rhetorical analysis, the study of three different literary structures shows that Nizami has created beautiful literary arrays by discovering the same features between specific concepts and spells and treasures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Survey the role of virtual images in the visual and artistic language of "Sheyx Sharzin's Scroll"
Zohreh Fadaie veshki Mah NazariTranscendent literature is a display of artistic explanation. Rhetorical images and artistic descriptions has a constructive and influential role in creating the aesthetic parades of literary and dramatic texts. "Sheyx Sharzin's Scroll" is the sample of a rich work of MoreTranscendent literature is a display of artistic explanation. Rhetorical images and artistic descriptions has a constructive and influential role in creating the aesthetic parades of literary and dramatic texts. "Sheyx Sharzin's Scroll" is the sample of a rich work of contemporary art that has been written in a poetic language and in format of a screenplay by the director and author owns the style and thought-well, Bahram Beizai, with his mental creations and visual rhetoric. In this study, the important and effective role of virtual images and highlighting elements of literary language in the formation of visual language, artistic and dramatic scenes of the work has been accomplished with descriptive-analytical method and according to literary stylistics. The application of virtual images in types of illustration images, metaphorical, allegorical, paradoxical, sensual, reversal (contrariwise) and nominative (ironic), have been major role in the spiritual enjoyment, convincing aesthetic pleasure and instilling the valued concepts the screenplay. Findings of the research displaying that the screenplay of "Sheyx Sharzin's Scroll" it has valuable cultural, social and moral themes, different kinds of virtual images and beautiful dramatic scenes and with a multi-layered indicator of artistic language in preserve and permanence of original Iranian culture, Persian language and literature and the aesthetic parades of dramatic literature, have earned a valuable position. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Moving in Distancein SohrabSepehri
hosein MoradiWhat does "distance" mean in Sohrab? The intention of Sohrabis not going to be known but the poems themselves speak.In a process, the speaker in moving toward God is released from binary oppositions and enters darkness. In this darkness, something is given birth o MoreWhat does "distance" mean in Sohrab? The intention of Sohrabis not going to be known but the poems themselves speak.In a process, the speaker in moving toward God is released from binary oppositions and enters darkness. In this darkness, something is given birth outside binaries. The speaker is not in search of evolution or being empty; s/he lives in distance. Though s/he speaks of nothingness and eternity, they are not led into an end. Beginning, end, and journey have no place in the speaker's thought. He experiences being outside journey style perfection. This being occurs in distancewithin literature Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - The Commonities of Virtues in Rumi and Linda Zaksbski's Thoughts
mahsa komarejhajee Malek Mohammad FarokhzadOne of the most pivotal issues in Rumi and Zagzebski’s thoughts is the components of virtue and morals virtuosity. Patterning virtue morality by promoting and demonstrating the issue, Rumi endeavours to make his audience comprehend the morality. According to Zagze MoreOne of the most pivotal issues in Rumi and Zagzebski’s thoughts is the components of virtue and morals virtuosity. Patterning virtue morality by promoting and demonstrating the issue, Rumi endeavours to make his audience comprehend the morality. According to Zagzebski’s comparison with Rumi, it is believed that Rumi’s morality and virtue are as identical as Zagzebski’s. Rumi and Zagzebski concur with the view that virtue is admirable, furthermore prosperity lies in it. In fact, Rumi’s emotions and feelings are led to honesty and loyalty by his moral values, thus it gets Rumi to guide his objectives. And it meets the Zagzebski’s theory saying that processes and practices managing our emotions and desires are called moral values. Zagzebski introduces moral values’ fundamental motive as loving existence and intellectual values’ fundamental motive as loving truth. In Rumi and Zagzebski’s thoughts God is the ultimate foundation of moral values and attributes. It is also believed that God has great motivation and his virtue is the most excellent one in the universe. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - The Style and Mode of Birthday Ceremonies, Choosing Name, Growing up, Teaching and Training in Natural Epic Works
Raziye Fouladi Sepehr -
Open Access Article
128 - Investigating the relationship between the use of virtual social networks and social order in the family
Maryam Aghel Afsane Edrysi Abdolreza AdhamiThe purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of virtual social networks, cultural capital and economic capital on social order in the family. A survey method was used to achieve this goal. The statistical population of married citizens of Tehran and the sam MoreThe purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of virtual social networks, cultural capital and economic capital on social order in the family. A survey method was used to achieve this goal. The statistical population of married citizens of Tehran and the sample based on Cochran's formula including 384 people were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The main tool for data collection is a questionnaire that has been analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS software. The findings show that the increase in the use of social networks, cultural capital and economic capital increases social order in the family, and also the relationship between social order and the use of virtual social networks has a significant correlation, and social order is more in the women group. It is from men and it increases with the age of the social order.The findings show that the increase in the use of social networks, cultural capital and economic capital increases social order in the family, and also the relationship between social order and the use of virtual social networks has a significant correlation, and social order is more in the women group. It is from men and it increases with the age of the social order. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Investigating the relationship between the use of virtual social networks and social order in the family
Maryam Aghel Afsaneh Edrysi AbdulReza AdhamiThrough dialogue and communication and verbal interaction, the family can maintain the emotional bond between its members and fulfill its most important function, which is the transfer of values and socialization of children, through various ways such as oral culture. T MoreThrough dialogue and communication and verbal interaction, the family can maintain the emotional bond between its members and fulfill its most important function, which is the transfer of values and socialization of children, through various ways such as oral culture. The expansion of people's communication in virtual social networks and the replacement of this space in families instead of the real space and face-to-face communication of people has disturbed the order in the family. Therefore, in this research, the effect of using virtual social networks as the main independent variable, as well as the effect of cultural capital and economic capital as an independent intervening variable on social order in the family is investigated. The purpose of this research is to investigate cultural and economic capital and social order on social networks. The current research is descriptive-causal and survey methodology. The unit of observation is the individual. The level of analysis is micro. In terms of time, the current research is cross-sectional. The tool required in this research is a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the research includes married citizens of Tehran, 384 of whom were selected as a sample. The sample was selected by combining cluster sampling and disproportionate classification. The analysis of the results showed that social order has a significant correlation with the use of virtual social networks, the intensity of this relationship is weak and the direction of the relationship between the two variables is direct. In other words, with the increase in the use of social networks, social order increases and vice versa. The results showed that with increasing use of social networks, increasing cultural capital and increasing economic capital, social order in the family increases and vice versa. Also, social order is more in the group of women than men, and social order also increases with age and vice versa. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Investigating the relationship between Instagram social network and food consumption style by young people in districts of 19 and 5 of Tehran
Nizamaldin Modir Nazanin MalekiaanToday, social networks have found a very important place among individuals and communities. Each media can have an impact on individuals according to its own requirements. In general, it can be said that one of the most important factors influencing the formation and co MoreToday, social networks have found a very important place among individuals and communities. Each media can have an impact on individuals according to its own requirements. In general, it can be said that one of the most important factors influencing the formation and continuation of consumption patterns, especially food selection, are advertisements. Therefore, in this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Instagram social network and food consumption style by young people in the two districts of 19 and 5 of Tehran. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in nature and method. The statistical population of this study consists of all young people over 20 years old in districts 19 and 5 of Tehran, which are approximately 2800 people. In this research, Morgan table has been used for sampling. The samples according to Morgan table include 338 people. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the main hypothesis that the use of Instagram social network and food consumption style by young has a significant relationship, due to having a significance level of less than 0.05 is confirmed. Therefore, it can be said that there is a significant relationship between the use of Instagram social network and food consumption style by young people in two districts of Tehran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - The Role and the Effect of Virtual Tourism on Culture and Economy
Mohammad Hussein Nami -
Open Access Article
132 - Placement of Parallelized Service Function Chain by Reusing Virtual Network Functions in Fog-Cloud Computing-based Networks
Fatemeh Zahedi Mohammadreza Mollahoseini Ardakani Ahmad Heidary-SharifabadNetwork function virtualization technology transforms hardware middleboxes into sets of software-based Virtual Network Function (VNF ) that can host the growing demand for latency-sensitive services at the fog-cloud computing-based networks. Dynamic placement of service MoreNetwork function virtualization technology transforms hardware middleboxes into sets of software-based Virtual Network Function (VNF ) that can host the growing demand for latency-sensitive services at the fog-cloud computing-based networks. Dynamic placement of service functions chain by reusing (VNF) instances can improve resource utilization and save time. To address this problem, we propose a parallelized service function chain placement method by reusing (VNF) in fog-cloud computing-based networks. Here, the placement problem is configured using deep reinforcement learning approaches with the aim of maximizing long-term cumulative reward. By sharing (VNF) s in parallel, this method can achieve computational acceleration in providing online services. In addition, the proposed method increases the ability to accept future requests by extracting the distribution of the initialized (VNF) s. The simulation results show the superiority of the proposed method, where considering the monetary cost criterion of more than 7%, it performs better than the best existing methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Virtual Inertia Control of Microgrid Consisting of Low Inertia Resources
Sahar Roudi Reza Ebrahimi Mahmood Ghanbari Soheil RanjbarIn this paper, an adaptive concept of virtual generator based controller for dynamic stability of microgrids consisting of low inertia resources. For this purpose, considering a set of energy storage systems dispatched in the network, a controlled islanding scheme MoreIn this paper, an adaptive concept of virtual generator based controller for dynamic stability of microgrids consisting of low inertia resources. For this purpose, considering a set of energy storage systems dispatched in the network, a controlled islanding scheme is provided to dynamically control the microgrid frequency. In this context, based on the concept of center of inertia, the proposed virtual generator scheme is developed through mathematical formulation. Also, from the Inter-area torques evaluated by microgrid control areas in the center of inertia frame are used as input signals of the developed virtual generator based controller. For the energy storage systems, an equivalent dispatch model is provided and developed through the microgrid dynamic model for improving frequency stability during inter-area oscillations. The proposed virtual generator-based controller is an online and non-model-based scheme which controls several microgrid systems together as an integrated network connected to the upstream network. In order to evaluate the ability of the proposed scheme, realtime simulations are carried out on one test system consisting of several microgrids. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in increasing system inertia constant resulting in a proper dynamic performance with a high damping ratio in facing severe inter-area oscillation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Study on load balancing using fuzzy adaptive algorithm
Zahra Dehghani S. J Mirabedini علی HarounabadiCloud computing is one of the newest developments in information technology and has been widespread in the industry and different educational sectors over time. Cloud computing is not a new technology, but it is also a new method for providing services via the Internet. MoreCloud computing is one of the newest developments in information technology and has been widespread in the industry and different educational sectors over time. Cloud computing is not a new technology, but it is also a new method for providing services via the Internet. Cloud computing is a new concept as a storage of virtualized resources and it increases the efficiency, saves the hardware resources, and enhances the computing power. The load balancing is one of the main concerns in cloud computing space; and it can increase the speed, efficiency, customer satisfaction and reduce the response time in the case of proper performance. This paper also studies the problems of load balancing in cloud computing and introduces several load balancing algorithms. Finally, an algorithm is proposed and evaluated to improve the load balancing in cloud computing space. Our proposed algorithm utilizes the combination of fuzzy and min-max algorithms; and we have found that our algorithm has better performance than the non-fuzzy algorithm in most of the cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - The comparision of NQR-NMR tensors and chemical reactivity of Mirtazapine and Normirtazapine analogues using quantum mechanics methods
Arezoo Tahan Mahya KhojandiThe density functional theory (DFT) methods were used to investigate and compare NMR-NQR tensors and chemical reactivity of mirtazapine and normirtazapine compounds. The obtained results in B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory showed that the values of NMR chemical shieldin MoreThe density functional theory (DFT) methods were used to investigate and compare NMR-NQR tensors and chemical reactivity of mirtazapine and normirtazapine compounds. The obtained results in B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory showed that the values of NMR chemical shielding and NQR tensors of nitrogen nuclei in the considered analogues are dependent on chemical media, molecular structure and resonance interactions. So that, nitrogen atoms with identical positions in two analogues revealed the almost same NQR tensors, and chemical shielding values around themselves. NBO analysis also represented that resonance energy value related to LP(1) N10→ 𝛔* or π* interactions is the most value among all resonance interactions in both considered structures. Based on NBO analysis and NMR-NQR results, it can be deduced that by increasing participation of lone pairs of nitrogen atoms in the ring resonance interactions and aromaticity development in normirtazapine structure, the values of NQR tensors were increased; while in mirtazapine structure, by increasing negative charge on nitrogen atoms, the values of NQR and NMR tensors around them were increased.The comparision of reactivity criteria of two investigated analogues using NBO analysis represented that the structural differences of two analogues didn’t have remarkable effects on their chemical reactivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Branches and indicators of allegory in constitutionalism literature
M. R. kamali baniani H. ArianAgainst decuction and induction is allegory which is a type of likening general to general or reaching from a thing generality to another thing generality. Allegorical realites are often borrowing, virtual, similar or effects of objective realites in which a text pictor MoreAgainst decuction and induction is allegory which is a type of likening general to general or reaching from a thing generality to another thing generality. Allegorical realites are often borrowing, virtual, similar or effects of objective realites in which a text pictorial generality is virtual reality that substitutes an objective reality. Usually people are influential in political, social or religious areas use allegory. In constitutionalism, the silence resulted from autarchy space was caused to poets and authors avoid expressing social and political conditions explicitly and in expressing political and critical contents use secret, metaphor and allegory and form underground literature. With regard to allegory frequency in constitutionalism and considering properties this technique has over past ages in this article, the allegory in constitutionalism has been analyzed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Love Regarding Sanayee and Mola Sadra
Hossein Esmaeelie Mehdi Tadayon‘Love’ is one of the most important issues to which both spiritual and gnostic philosophers have had eyes on and have had orated about. They recognize ‘love’ as the foundation of the universe because of which, all creatures from the lowest More‘Love’ is one of the most important issues to which both spiritual and gnostic philosophers have had eyes on and have had orated about. They recognize ‘love’ as the foundation of the universe because of which, all creatures from the lowest to the highest, are moving toward the source and origin of ‘love’ i.e., the almighty God. Sanayee Ghaznavi and Mola Sadra Shirazi are from the two spiritual and gnostic philosophers who have had ‘love’ as the key role in their works. The similarity in their views can be straightforwardly seen in Sananyee’s works and poems and Mola Sadra’s masterpiece; Shavahed Alrabobye. ‘The significance of love’, ‘the flow of love’, dividing love into ‘real’ and ‘virtual’ love, ‘convergence of love with pain and suffering’, and the virtual love as a bridge to reality of ‘annihilation in Allah’ are from the issues about which both Sanayee and Mola Sadra have analogous opinions. After illustrating the concept of ‘love’, this study aims at investigating the correspondence between Sanayee and Mola Sadra’s impressions about the issue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Determination of Local Constitutive Properties of Aluminum using Digital Image Correlation: A Comparative Study Between Uniform Stress and Virtual Fields
Ali Shahmirzaloo Mohammadreza Farahani -
Open Access Article
139 - Development of Thermal and Structural Deformation Model to Predict the Part Build Dimensional Error in Fused Deposition Modeling
K. Chockalingam M. Karthic N. Jawahar -
Open Access Article
140 - Factor Structure of Organizational Virtuousness and the Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in it
Mahdieh sadat Khoshouei ابوالقاسم نوریThe present study was carried out in order to evaluate the psychometrics properties of the Persian version of Organizational Virtuousness Scale and prediction of organizational virtuousness by considering organizational citizenship behavior. 141 persons who were selec MoreThe present study was carried out in order to evaluate the psychometrics properties of the Persian version of Organizational Virtuousness Scale and prediction of organizational virtuousness by considering organizational citizenship behavior. 141 persons who were selected from Tele Communication Company of Isfahan employees by simple random sampling, completed the Organizationa l Virtuousness Scale (Cameron, Bright & Caza, 2004) and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire (Podsakoff, MacKenzie, Moorman & Fetter, 1990). The results of exploratory factor analysis defined two factors: 1) optimism- trust- compassion and 2) integrity- forgiveness . The reliability coefficients were found to be satisfactory for the total scale (α= 0.93) and its factors (organizational citizenship behavior: α= 0.90 integrity-forgiveness: α=0.87). Also, the Pearson’s correlation coefficients showed that t here is positive significant relation between organizational virtuousness and organizational citizenship behavior (P < 0.01) as well as its three dimensions e.g. civic virtue (P < 0.05), altruism (P < 0.01) and courtesy (P < 0.05). Analysis of regression showed that organizational citizenship behavior dimensions could predict organizational virtuousness and its first factor (optimism- trust- compassion). Thus, Organizational Virtuousness Scale can be used as a reliable and valid tool in organizational researches. Also, the organizational citizenship behavior is useful in the prediction of organizational virtuousness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Design and Validation of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy Software for Treatment of Flying Phobia
Javad Rasti gholamreza manshaee Parvin EslamiThis study wasaimed at designing and validation of a software for treating flying phobia, based on real recorded VR 360-degree films of an entire flying. At the content validity stage of the software, the population consisted of all phobia therapists and computer and me MoreThis study wasaimed at designing and validation of a software for treating flying phobia, based on real recorded VR 360-degree films of an entire flying. At the content validity stage of the software, the population consisted of all phobia therapists and computer and media specialists, and 9 of them were selected on purpose as the samples. At the introductory intervention stage, the population comprised all subjects with flying phobia, and 10 of them were, then, randomly assigned to test and control groups. The research tools were a 360-degree camera, a VR display, and Bornas’ Fear of Flight Scale. For content validation, the software was presented to the specialists and their ratings were analyzed, which led to Cohen's Kappa Coefficient of 0.78.This seems to fit well in terms of content validity. Also, covariance analysis at the introductory intervention stage indicated that this software significantly was effective in diminishing fear of flying (P < 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - The Impact of Human Virtues Positive Thinking on Social Trust among Isfahan Citizens
romina amiri seyedali hashemianfar seyedreza esmaeili seyedhamid atashpourThis survey aimed to study the impact of human virtues positive thinking on social trust among Isfahan citizens. The population includes all people aged 18 and above residing in Isfahan. According to the 1390 census, they were 17,910,609 people from whom 388 were chosen MoreThis survey aimed to study the impact of human virtues positive thinking on social trust among Isfahan citizens. The population includes all people aged 18 and above residing in Isfahan. According to the 1390 census, they were 17,910,609 people from whom 388 were chosen by quota sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire on human virtues positive thinking was the data collection instrument and a correlation analysis was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that human virtues positive thinking had direct and positive impacts (0.69) on social trust. In line with this general index, the impact of every single factor of human virtues was tested upon social trust and equity turned out to be the most effective (0.51), among others. Courage and self-lnowledge at the same level were less effective (0.22) on social trust compared to other factors. In general, all factors had significant impact (sig =0.0001) on social trust. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Prediction of components of Quality of Work Life by Components of Perceived Organizational Virtuousness among Employees of a Public Sector Organization
Abdorasool Abdi Mohsen GolparvarThis research was done with the aim of investigating the role of perceptions of organizational virtuousness for quality of work life among employees of a public sector organization. The research method was correlation and statistical population was the employees of a pu MoreThis research was done with the aim of investigating the role of perceptions of organizational virtuousness for quality of work life among employees of a public sector organization. The research method was correlation and statistical population was the employees of a public sector organization in Isfahan city, and from them two hundred and fifty six persons were selected using simple random sampling. Research instruments consisted of Perceived Organizational Virtuousness Questionnaire (Rego et al, 2010) and Quality of Work Life questionnaire (Nguyen et al, 2012). Data were analyzes using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis and canonical correlation analysis. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that, only optimism (β=0.21), compassion (β=0.16), integrity (β=0.26) and forgiveness (β=0.2) has predictive power for prediction of survival needs, only optimism (β=0.18), trust (β=0.23), compassion (β=0.18) and integrity (β=0.22) have predictive power for prediction of belonging needs, and optimism (β=0.17), trust (β=0.26), integrity (β=0.26) and forgiveness (β=0.19) have predictive power for prediction of knowledge needs. The results of this study showed that promote organizational virtuousness, can raise the employees’ quality of work life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Designing a Model to Online Shopping Behavior Based on the Quality of Sites
Mahmoud Naderi Bani Mahdi Al Husseini almodarresi adeleh dehghani ghahnavi Mohammad Mahdi afsharThe purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive model of the determinants of online shopping behavior based on site quality. This research was descriptive and Applied Survey. The populaition of research was M.A students with entrance of 1393 in Yazd Universi MoreThe purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive model of the determinants of online shopping behavior based on site quality. This research was descriptive and Applied Survey. The populaition of research was M.A students with entrance of 1393 in Yazd University. 212 sample were chosen based on Cochran formula and by classes sampling. The data collection instrument was questionnaire. data analysis was performed by little squares and by helping of Smart Pls2/0 and Amos23 softwares. Findings showed that technical, appearance and content quality of website Positive affect intention to internet purchase (P<0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - An Analysis of the Effect of Psychological Capital on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Its Components in the Form of Structural Equation Modeling
علی نصراصفهانی نرگس مهدیه نجف آبادیThe purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of psychological capital on organizational citizenship behavior through Amos software. This study is a descriptive-survey research from the population of 249 faculty members from three faculties of the University of MoreThe purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of psychological capital on organizational citizenship behavior through Amos software. This study is a descriptive-survey research from the population of 249 faculty members from three faculties of the University of Isfahan, from whom a sample of 98 persons were selected by cluster random sampling. The sample answered the Organizatioan Citizenship Behavior (Netemeyer et al., 1988) and Psychological Capital (Luthans et al., 2007) Questionnaires. The results of path analysis via Amos software indicated that psychological capital have a direct and significant effect on the organizational citizenship behavior (P < 0.01). Also psychological capital was effective indirectly with the mediation of organizational citizenship bihavior variable on altruism, concientiousness and civic virtue (P < 0.05). But, the effect of psychological capital on sportmanship in the model was not confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - The Effectiveness of Cognitive Therapy Based on Mindfulness on Fear of Delivery in Primiparous Women
maryam aminolroayaee Asghar AghaeiThe objective of this research was to study the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on fear of childbirth in primiparous women. This was a semi-experimental research, having a pretest-posttest design, a control group and one-month follow MoreThe objective of this research was to study the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on fear of childbirth in primiparous women. This was a semi-experimental research, having a pretest-posttest design, a control group and one-month follow up period. The statistical population of this research was including all of primiparous pregnant women in spring 2017 in Isfahan city (Amin hospital). Of this statistical population, 40 individuals were selected using convenience sampling method and placed in two control (20 individuals) and test (20 individuals) groups. The tool used in this research was an Attitude Towards Childbirth Questionnaire (Harmen, 1998. Before performing the interventions, pre-tests were done for both of the groups. After ending the sessions, post-test and one-month follow-up period were done. Results analysis using covariance analysis test showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy was effective on fear of childbirth in primiparous women (P<0. 05). Moreover, the results of follow-up period showed that the training of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy has a lifetime effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - model of the relationship between virtue and organizational loyalty with psychological well being and job engagement (case Model of the relationship between virtue and organizational loyalty with psychological well-being and job engagement (case study: isfahan highschool teachers)
banafsheh turkian fariba karimiThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between organizational loyalty and organizational virtue with psychological well-being and Job engagement in high school teachers of Isfahan city which was conducted through correlation method and structural equati MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between organizational loyalty and organizational virtue with psychological well-being and Job engagement in high school teachers of Isfahan city which was conducted through correlation method and structural equation modeling. The study population consisted of 2234 high school teachers of Isfahan. Sample size was chosen 327 teachers using Multistage Sampling method. To collect information, Job engagement questionnaire of (Salanova & Schaufeli 2002); Psychological well-being questionnaire of (Reef 2002); and organizational virtue questionnaire of (Cameron et al 2004); organizational loyalty questionnaire of (Ali and Alkazemi 2007), were used. To analyze the findings, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient, chi-square test and structural equation modeling, were used. Research findings showed that there are significant positive relationships between organizational virtue and organizational loyalty with Job engagement and psychological well-being. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Comparison of the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy with neurofeedback on attention deficit of ADHD elementary students
Mehdi Tabrizi Gholamreza Manshaee Amir Ghamarani Javad RastiThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality with neurofeedback on attention deficit of students with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control and follow up de MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality with neurofeedback on attention deficit of students with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control and follow up design. The statistical population consisted of 7-12 years-old elementary school students with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder in Isfahan city in the school year of 1397-98 from which 48 subjects purposely selected based on entrance criteria and randomly assigned into virtual reality, neurofeedback and control groups (each 16 students). The SNAP-4 Parent Form (1981) was completed to measure students' attention deficit by their mothers. The virtual reality experiment group received 10 three-minute sessions of virtual reality software intervention and the neurofeedback experiment group received 30 neurofeedback sessions of 45 minutes each. The control group received no intervention. Then, post-test and after two months, follow-up measure were done. The results showed that virtual reality and neurofeedback are effective in improving attention, their effects are persistent in the follow-up phase, and the difference between the mean of the experimental and the control groups is significant (p <0.001). The obtained results show that virtual reality and neurofeedback are effective in improving the attention of affected students in both stages and the difference between virtual reality and neurofeedback groups is not significant (p <0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Pathological study of the impact of virtual networks and the Internet on parental and marital relationships of couples: A qualitative study
Ebrahim Mohammadi hassan khoshakhlagh elahe JalaliThe aim of the study was to investigate the qualitativestudy to impact of virtual networks and the Internet on parenting and marital relationships. The research method was of qualitative phenomenological method and statistical population of Isfahan couples in the year 2 MoreThe aim of the study was to investigate the qualitativestudy to impact of virtual networks and the Internet on parenting and marital relationships. The research method was of qualitative phenomenological method and statistical population of Isfahan couples in the year 2019, were selected by Snowball sampling method . The research tool was a semi-structured interview that the sample reached saturated with 14 people (seven couples) In during the work, interviews recording and implementation and 1793 important phrases were coded and analyzed with Colaizzi analysis method. The problems of marriage and parenting related to virtual networks on a class (communication and marital problems), 3 categories (communication and emotional problems with children, extramarital relations and disruption of marital relations) and 16 conceptual codes were placed. The results showed that improper use caused communication and emotional problems with children, including "neglect of the child, children's complaints, behavioral and emotional problems"; Extramarital relationships include "seeking diversity and entitlement, mistrust, structural change and marital boundaries and virtual seduction." Disruption of marital relationships includes "sexual problems, marital burnout, emotional coldness, and behavioral-emotional problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Analysis of Iranians’ Writing Performances in Virtual and Real Environments
فرنوش حدادی Mohammad Hasan Tahririan -
Open Access Article
151 - Examining Differential Item Functioning (DIF) For Iranian EFL Test Takers with Different Fields of Study
Shokouh Rashvand Semiyari Saeideh Ahangari -
Open Access Article
152 - Efficient Educational Strategies for DevelopingStudents' Needed Skills for Using it from thePoint of View of Islamic Azad University
فرهاد شفیعپور مطلقThe main purpose of the present research is to study Efficient Educational Strategies for developing virtual students' Needed skills for using online education. The general question is what are the Efficient Educational strategies in the seven skills needed for virtual MoreThe main purpose of the present research is to study Efficient Educational Strategies for developing virtual students' Needed skills for using online education. The general question is what are the Efficient Educational strategies in the seven skills needed for virtual students (Availability or R1, openness or R2, communication or R3, commitment or R4, cooperation or R5, Thinking or R5, and flexibility or R7)?. The population consisted of all Islamic Azad university faculty members in area five. The subjects' answers were compared according to variables such as sex, educational document and marriage status. The statistical communities in this research are all of faculty members majoring in computer in Islamic Azad university. The statistical samples were randomly selected. The procedure was a structured twenty-nine item questionnaire prepared by researcher based on the findings of Rena M palloff and keith pratt. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated 0/847. The research findings revealed that the most Efficient Educations Strategles in developing the sever skills are as follows: Applying technology which can realize learning objectives, preparing a good climate for groups where students are comfortable in learning process, encouraging learner to participate in preparing courses guideline, internalizing skills for time management, preparing an educational site for students to send their homework, and receiving feedback. Designing questions for discussion that encourage students to think, integrate educational materials, use internet as a tool and resource and encourage students to find out any needed resources. Generally speaking the total research findings revealed that there was no significant difference among of the Views of faculty membersin connection with the seven skills mentioned above. But as far as sex is concerned the findings revealed significant difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Efficient Educational Strategies for DevelopingStudents' Needed Skills for Using it from thePoint of View of Islamic Azad UniversityFaculty in Area Five
فاطمه رضاییThe main purpose of the present research is to study Efficient Educational Strategies for developing virtual students' Needed skills for using online education. The general question is what are the Efficient Educational strategies in the seven skills needed for virtual MoreThe main purpose of the present research is to study Efficient Educational Strategies for developing virtual students' Needed skills for using online education. The general question is what are the Efficient Educational strategies in the seven skills needed for virtual students (Availability or R1, openness or R2, communication or R3, commitment or R4, cooperation or R5, Thinking or R5, and flexibility or R7)?. The population consisted of all Islamic Azad university faculty members in area five. The subjects' answers were compared according to variables such as sex, educational document and marriage status. The statistical communities in this research are all of faculty members majoring in computer in Islamic Azad university. The statistical samples were randomly selected. The procedure was a structured twenty-nine item questionnaire prepared by researcher based on the findings of Rena M palloff and keith pratt. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated 0/847. The research findings revealed that the most Efficient Educations Strategles in developing the sever skills are as follows: Applying technology which can realize learning objectives, preparing a good climate for groups where students are comfortable in learning process, encouraging learner to participate in preparing courses guideline, internalizing skills for time management, preparing an educational site for students to send their homework, and receiving feedback. Designing questions for discussion that encourage students to think, integrate educational materials, use internet as a tool and resource and encourage students to find out any needed resources. Generally speaking the total research findings revealed that there was no significant difference among of the Views of faculty membersin connection with the seven skills mentioned above. But as far as sex is concerned the findings revealed significant difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Ghazali and Virtue Ethics
سیدهاشم گلستانی علیرضا یوسفی فیروز رضائیانAlthough Aristotle is a compiler of virtue ethics, his statement is not the only one in ethics history. Pure- plural, religious- secular, extreme or non-extreme and historical statements are among those that have unity in terms of considering virtue as a basis. The aim MoreAlthough Aristotle is a compiler of virtue ethics, his statement is not the only one in ethics history. Pure- plural, religious- secular, extreme or non-extreme and historical statements are among those that have unity in terms of considering virtue as a basis. The aim of this article while presenting Ghazali,s ethical theory as a religious statement from virtue ethics, is to pay attention to revision that he has made from the viewpoint of religion in its various principles. The whole of the review indicates that, his ethics is virtue ethics, but it is perfect. The Research method is to be Descriptive- analytical. he is going to add some religious factors, such as, grasping at divine assistance in observance of the average, interpretation of happiness as an ultimate one, considering the divine law and wisdom as a moderation criterion as well as putting emphasis on religious and mystical virtues like resignation, patience, and deep affection for God,… and make it more perfect and compatible with religious ethics, according to which the compatibility of virtue ethics and religious ethics can be acknowledged. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Studying the Various Types of Interaction in the e-learning environment with Learning Quality in Virtual Campuses
Isa Ebrahimzadeh Marjan MasoomifardThe aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between various types of interaction and learning quality in virtual campuses. This research is descriptive-correlation and has been done through survey procedures. Subjects of the survey are M.A students of al MoreThe aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between various types of interaction and learning quality in virtual campuses. This research is descriptive-correlation and has been done through survey procedures. Subjects of the survey are M.A students of all virtual campuses of Tehran University among which 385 students were selected through simple random sampling and answered to the questionnaire provided by the researcher. The findings were analyzed through descriptive and deductive statistical methods. Results of the Pearson Correlation Coefficient test shows that there exists a direct and meaningful relation between the quality of various types of interactions (instructor-student, student-student, student-content, instructor-instructor, instructor-content, content-content) and learning quality in virtual campuses. Furthermore, results of the Freedman test, which was used for classifying various types of interaction, showed that "student-student" interaction and "content-content" interaction are the most and the least important interactions among others. Accordingly, as the types of interaction increases in universities and campuses, the assurance and motivation of students develop and this would lead to deeper and more meaningful learning with the highest quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Living experiences of primary and secondary school teachers from teaching challenges and providing solutions to empower teachers to teach in cyberspace
marzban adibmaneshThe aim of this study was to investigate the lived experience of primary and secondary school teachers of the challenges of teaching in cyberspace and to provide solutions to improve the skills of teachers in cyberspace. The type of research is qualitative and phenomeno MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the lived experience of primary and secondary school teachers of the challenges of teaching in cyberspace and to provide solutions to improve the skills of teachers in cyberspace. The type of research is qualitative and phenomenological design has been used and semi-structured interview tools were used to collect data, so that the research questions were answered through interviews with information groups. The face and content validity of the interview was reviewed and finally confirmed by several experts in the field of e-learning To determine the "validity and reliability of data", two criteria used by qualitative study experts were used, including: reliability and acceptability. In the present study, purposive sampling method was used. In the interview with the target community, sampling continued until the data saturation and by interviewing fifteen people, the theoretical saturation of the data was obtained. The results showed that the most important challenges of cyberspace in four main themes (educational, administrative, hard And socio-cultural) were identified. In proportion to these harms, regarding the knowledge, skills and motivation of teachers, strategies and strategies for better use of new methods in cyberspace were suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Qualitative study of lived experiences of virtual education from the perspective of students during the corona outbreak
Karim Sevari Yasaman SevariWith the onset of the Corona virus, many educational institutions were closed and their educational methods were changed. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the lived experiences of virtual education of students in the era of Corona. The participants we MoreWith the onset of the Corona virus, many educational institutions were closed and their educational methods were changed. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the lived experiences of virtual education of students in the era of Corona. The participants were 60 male and female students of Payam Noor University of Ahvaz, who were selected voluntarily and asked to share their experiences of virtual education. Due to the fact that the classes were virtual and the physical presence of the students was low, they were selected from among the applicants to the university. The qualitative research method is phenomenology. Data were obtained through a researcher-made questionnaire (with adequate reliability and validity) and a semi-structured interview. Content validity (60 students, 3 psychology professors, and one educational science professor) was used to measure the validity of the findings, and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure reliability. Data analysis was done with the help of seven-step coding by Collaizzi (1978). The results showed that the lived experiences of virtual education from the students' point of view have two general positive themes (savings, reduction of accidents, and useful attendance) and their negative lived experiences of virtual education (reduction of social interactions, physical problems, learning and evaluation problems, and technical problems). Composed. Due to the fact that virtual education has strengths, therefore, in order to develop this method of education, it is possible to provide a solution for their development, and with proper planning, its negative aspects can be reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Teachers' Experiences of the Status of Art and its Educational Challenges during Virtual Education
Fatemeh Mohammadi Tanoorlooi Behboud Yarigholi moosa piriThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the experiences of teachers about the place of art and the challenges of teaching it in the era of virtual education. The qualitative research design was descriptive phenomenological type. The participants of the resea MoreThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the experiences of teachers about the place of art and the challenges of teaching it in the era of virtual education. The qualitative research design was descriptive phenomenological type. The participants of the research were 21 art teachers in the academic year 1401-1402, who were selected with a purposeful sampling approach. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used to collect research data. The method of data collection was semi-structured interview and the criteria of acceptability and reliability of qualitative data were used to measure the initial validity of the data. According to the analysis of the conducted interviews, three themes of position, challenge and solution were extracted. The first theme was related to the place of art in the era of virtual education, and in this theme, four socio-cultural categories, educational, psychological and economic importance were extracted. The second theme was the challenge, which included the four categories of lack of a comprehensive approach in art education, weak social luck, weakness in the teaching-learning process, and weak infrastructure and facilities and the third theme is the solution, the three categories of using motivational approach, competency-oriented and the supportive approach was extracted from the interviews. In line with the obtained results, it is suggested to overcome the challenges of art education in the era of virtual education, to improve the status of this subject in the eyes of the beneficiaries of the art curriculum (parents, students, teachers, etc.) He acted through culture building and used motivational and support approaches to improve the state of art lessons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - Analyzing the dimensions and quality of parents' interactions in the process of virtual teaching and learning
Rahmat Allah Khosravi mina nezamiThe current research was designed and implemented with the aim of identifying the dimensions of parents' interactions with children and primary school teachers in the process of virtual teaching and learning. This research was conducted qualitatively and in a phenomenol MoreThe current research was designed and implemented with the aim of identifying the dimensions of parents' interactions with children and primary school teachers in the process of virtual teaching and learning. This research was conducted qualitatively and in a phenomenological way with a purposeful sampling method. The studied participants were 14 mothers of male and female elementary school students in Abhar city who were subjected to virtual education in the academic year of 2020-2021. The data collection tool was a semi-structured in-depth interview. The text of the interviews were reviewed and analyzed using the theme analysis method and the interviews were continued until the saturation of the data. Validity check was done using two methods of long-term engagement and asking colleagues and reliability check was done through participant review method. The findings of the research showed that parents, through building trust, paying attention to the emotional-psychological condition of their children, creating creative methods to increase their participation, increasing technological literacy, finding effective communication channels with the teacher and cooperating with the teacher in the learning-teaching process. They can increase the effectiveness of virtual education for their children's learning. In this research, parent-child interaction, constructive and active quality, and parent-teacher interaction were at an average level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Identifying the effective factors of improving the quality of virtual education based on the lived experiences of elementary school teachers in the education of the Corona era
Alireza Badeleh Neda ShamlooThe aim of this study was to Identifying the effective factors of improving the quality of virtual education based on the lived experiences of elementary school teachers in the education of the Corona era. This research was mixed in terms of practical purpose and perfor MoreThe aim of this study was to Identifying the effective factors of improving the quality of virtual education based on the lived experiences of elementary school teachers in the education of the Corona era. This research was mixed in terms of practical purpose and performance. The statistical population of this study included qualitative teachers, experts and specialists in educational technology and virtual education, and in the quantitative part included all primary teachers in districts 16 and19 of Tehran. Of this number, in the qualitative section by snowball sampling method, 22 expert teachers and experts in educational technology and virtual education and in the quantitative section by systematic sampling method, 144 primary school teachers in 16th and 19th districts of Tehran as Research samples were selected. The research tool included a researcher-made questionnaire based on codes extracted from interviews with 90questions. Confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) with axial covariance approach by Lisrel 8.8 software was used to analyze the data and sample test and Friedman ranking test by spss25 software were used to examine the research questions and hypotheses. The results showed that the components of teachers, students, educational dimensions, educational structure, content and family are the most important components of Identifying the effective factors of improving the quality of virtual education based on the lived experiences of elementary school teachers in the education of the Corona era and the component Content with an average (3.77) and students with an average (3.16) at a level less than 0.01, respectively, had the most and the least role in Identifying the effective factors of improving the quality of virtual education based on the lived experiences of elementary school teachers in the education of the Corona era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - A Framework For Using Network Virtualization Functions For Video Streams
Ali Asghar KhavasiIntroduction: This paper investigates a way to stream online videos using SDN / NFV that can help to reduce latency and packet loss and cost. This method reduces Capex and Opex costs due to its software and low hardware dependency. Software-centric networks and virtuali MoreIntroduction: This paper investigates a way to stream online videos using SDN / NFV that can help to reduce latency and packet loss and cost. This method reduces Capex and Opex costs due to its software and low hardware dependency. Software-centric networks and virtualization of network functions have been introduced in the computer networks arena as a new way to design, deploy and manage network services. Those can provide more flexible and more flexible and adaptable to the consumer and provider according to the needs of end users and service providers to consolidate and deliver network components using standard IT virtualization technologies. This paper presents the architecture and prototype of a video streaming service compatible with SDN / NVF-enabled networks, allowing simplified networking and applications and reduced management costs.Method: The simulation framework of this paper conforms to the MANO architecture to implement the standard NFV evaluation method. In CloudSim, each simulation occurs by sending and receiving events between modules.Results: As expected, NoScale-Min policies in both LFF and MFF methods lead to exceptionally long response times due to resource shortages in VNFs. On the other hand, the delay of the NoScale-Max policy is short due to resource constraints enough is assigned to the VNF.Discussion: In this paper, we proposed CloudSimSDN-NFV as a framework for new simulation tool of video streams to evaluate NFV features in edge and cloud environments along with other features of SDN and cloud computing environments. This framework is designed and developed on CloudSimSDN. We describe the modeling and simulation of NFV and edge computing and the detailed design and implementation of our framework. Two used scenarios were presented to help understand how to use the new tool, and several algorithms were implemented and evaluated based on the framework. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - QoS Management Solution in Software Defined Networking using Ryu Controller
Shiva Karimi Amir Joz AshooriIntroduction: Enterprise networks are increasingly becoming larger and more dynamic due to vast deployments of virtualization technologies. Consequently, the explosion of new network applications and services has strained the capabilities of traditional networking archi MoreIntroduction: Enterprise networks are increasingly becoming larger and more dynamic due to vast deployments of virtualization technologies. Consequently, the explosion of new network applications and services has strained the capabilities of traditional networking architecture in terms of scalability, agility, and efficient traffic management. SDN (Software Defined Networking) is a novel approach to build networks in which control logic is decoupled from data forwarding in order to enable programmability and ease of configuration across the entire network. The centralized control in SDN provides a global view of the entire network resources and their performance which enables the innovation of new service models. This paper demonstrates the implementation of SDN in a sample data center network topology using Mininet and the RYU controller, followed by employing policy-based network management and a differentiated service mechanism for guaranteeing the QoS for different classes of traffic. The proposed framework is a foundation to develop an enterprise-level network control and management product. Method: The approach of this paper is an implementation of a software-based architecture in the topology of a data center. It manages and guarantees the quality of service, using network policy-oriented management and service quality methods. The presented framework is an expandable infrastructure to solve the challenge of dynamic and agile management in the network of data centers and virtualization and cloud processing service providers.Findings : With the implementation done, h1r1 server node listens on ports 5001, 5002, 5003 with UDP protocol. The h1r4 client node sends 1Mbps UDP traffic to port 5001, 300Kbps UDP traffic to port 5002, and 600Kbps UDP traffic to port 5003 of the h1r1 server. The results obtained using the IPerf3/JPerf tool show that for traffic marked with AF41 code sent to port 5003, minimum bandwidth of 500Kbps and for traffic marked with AF31 code sent to port 5002, minimum bandwidth of 200Kbps is guaranteed. Is. When sending traffic of AF classes, the bandwidth of the best-effort traffic sent to port 5001 is limited.Conclusion: Guaranteeing full quality of service for all types of applications is not possible with the current network architecture based on the best-effort model. Different applications have different service needs that require dynamic management of network resources. In this article, a solution based on SDN architecture was presented for service quality management, which uses a differentiated service model. Differentiated service mechanism allocates resources based on different traffic classes. In this method, all streams belonging to a class are routed equally. The results obtained from the simulations show the optimal performance of the introduced framework in meeting the needs of traffic flows and optimal and maximum use of network resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - HEAL: Hybrid Education and Learning in STEM
Marzieh Eskandari Mohamad Ala Saadeghvaziri Bahram Sadeghi BighamIntroduction: Despite the significant growth of theoretical teaching methods and the development of teaching aids, there are still many problems in the education system, especially in universities. In similar conditions, the challenges of education and problems after gr MoreIntroduction: Despite the significant growth of theoretical teaching methods and the development of teaching aids, there are still many problems in the education system, especially in universities. In similar conditions, the challenges of education and problems after graduation in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are more obvious. Although today there is a large amount of research on how to deal with the issues related to the quality of education, these methods were generally not successful and most of those who finish a degree in the university, are usually unprepared. They are not required to enter the labor market. In this article, a hybrid method called HEAL is introduced, which is especially effective in STEM education. This proposed approach can be considered a combination of teaching and learning and is a transformation that leads a person from being a mere student to becoming an active learner. The main idea of this approach is based on the fact that in university, a student is expected to be a researcher of knowledge, unlike a student who acquires knowledge through education.Method: hybrid education and learning (HEAL) is a skill-based, time-based method of instruction that combines face-to-face learning and virtual learning. Proficiency-oriented, time-based education provides a model in which students who fail to earn a passing grade or complete a course during a semester are given time to demonstrate competency.Findings: The basic philosophy of HEAL is to prove the skills and abilities of students, with an approach similar to the driver's license test. This means that if the test is failed, the learner is given an opportunity to improve and try another way to demonstrate mastery. The financial capability of universities is the most important factor in making this approach operational. However, this financial burden is negligible compared to course repetition, delayed graduation, and sometimes even more academic failure. HEAL removes the fear of exams and failure and increases the love of learning.Discussion: The combination of face-to-face and virtual learning can become a wider trend in the university. While we must remember the fact that nothing can replace face-to-face training and the need for student-faculty interaction. In this research, a method for teaching in universities was discussed, in which time-based and competency-based education are combined with face-to-face and virtual learning, which can be a successful approach with the aim of reducing academic retention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Applications of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Education
behroz rajaee jafar salimi naser abbasi khadijeh babakhaniIntroduction: Distance education has always had an important place in education, and currently one of the most attractive innovations that are widely used in distance education is virtual reality and augmented reality technology. We are now on a path where education is MoreIntroduction: Distance education has always had an important place in education, and currently one of the most attractive innovations that are widely used in distance education is virtual reality and augmented reality technology. We are now on a path where education is moving towards new technology, among which are augmented reality and virtual reality technologies. Accordingly, virtual reality and augmented reality technology can help students learn by providing educational materials and teachers as a teaching platform. With the help of these technologies, teachers can show anything in the classroom to students and thus engage them much better with lessons and education. The exact thing that is considered in divergent education; students have a role in the knowledge process of participation and active learning (student-centered).Method: The research method was a systematic review of research findings on the applications of virtual reality and augmented reality. Thus, the articles of the years (2016 to 2021) from databases (PubMed, Google scholar, science direct, Elsevier, Scopus, Springer, SID, Civilica) with the keywords "virtual reality", "augmented reality", "virtual education" was investigated.Findings: The evaluations of the articles showed that virtual reality provides outstanding visualization that cannot be achieved in the traditional classroom, and augmented reality experiences are an effective way to stimulate the presence and participation of students in online and hybrid education. Discussion and conclusion: virtual reality/augmented reality in the educational field has created interaction with virtual objects in the real environment. Therefore, in the era of the global pandemic, when the entire educational process is transferred online, virtual reality and augmented reality technology can create physical interaction between the learner and the environment, and engage the student's senses, and increase information and experience learning, and research They demonstrated improvements in learning, student engagement, motivation, and collaboration with educational environments enriched with virtual reality/augmented reality applications. In general, the results of this research are of great importance for the application of these technologies in the educational field, so that students' learning can be useful with both technologies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - investigation of sirtuin activity in diabetic and caloric restricted rat and effect of nitric oxide on it
safar mohseni bandpay nazanin nazariسیرتوئینها، پروتئینهای رده 3 یک خانواده از آنزیمهای هیستون داستیلاز هستند که هیدرولیز انتهای استیله هیستون را کاتالیز کرده، موجب تغییر شکل کروماتین، ایجاد هتروکروماتین و در نتیجه مهار رونویسی شده و در پیری و سرطان نقش دارد. سیرتوئین فرایندهای مهم سلولی نظیر آپوپتوز، Moreسیرتوئینها، پروتئینهای رده 3 یک خانواده از آنزیمهای هیستون داستیلاز هستند که هیدرولیز انتهای استیله هیستون را کاتالیز کرده، موجب تغییر شکل کروماتین، ایجاد هتروکروماتین و در نتیجه مهار رونویسی شده و در پیری و سرطان نقش دارد. سیرتوئین فرایندهای مهم سلولی نظیر آپوپتوز، پیری سلول و متابولیسم را تنظیم میکند. بنابراین سیرتوئین میتواند یک هدف درمانی جدید برای دیابت باشد. در مطالعه حاضر اثر نیتریک اکساید بر فعالیت سیرتوئین در رتهای دیابتی و تحت محدودیت کالری مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. حیوانات مورد استفاده در پژوهش حاضر موشهای صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار با وزن 250 گرم بودند که به 5 گروه کنترل (C)، تحت محدودیت کالری (CR)، دیابتی شده (D)، ال-آرژنین و گروه L-Name تقسیم شدند و هر گروه شامل ده حیوان بوده است. گروه دریافت کننده L-Name (مهارکننده NO)، با دوز mg/kg 10 آنرا بصورت تزریق درون حفره شکمی دریافت کردند. گروه ال-آرژنین (پیشساز نیتریکاکساید) نیز، دوز mg/kg 50 از آنرا بصورت تزریق درون حفره صفاقی دریافت کردند. گروه محدودیت کالری به مدت 4 هفته تحت رژیم کم کالری قرار گرفتند. پس از طی دورهی 4 هفتهای، حیوانات تحت بیهوشی قرارگرفته و خونگیری بطور مستقیم از قلب آنها بعمل آمد. میزان سیرتوئین سرم در گروه ال-آرژنین (P<0.05) و CR (P<0.01) بطور معنیداری افزایش یافت در حالیکه در گروه دیابت کاهش معنیدار نشان داد (P<0.001). همچنین میزان کاهش سیرتوئین در گروه L-Name معنادار نبود. نتایج نشان داد که ال- آرژنین بعنوان پیشساز نیتریکاکساید باعث افزایش میزان سیرتوئین در رتهای دیابتی و تحت محدودیت کالری میگردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - The effect of a course of aerobic exercise with stem cells on some genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis of azoospermic rats
Sahar Koochaki Hajar Abbaszadeh parvin farzanegiIntroduction: Spermatogenesis is highly dependent on energy metabolism and spermatogenesis is very sensitive to compounds that interfere with mitochondrial energy metabolism and cellular respiration control. The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of ex MoreIntroduction: Spermatogenesis is highly dependent on energy metabolism and spermatogenesis is very sensitive to compounds that interfere with mitochondrial energy metabolism and cellular respiration control. The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of exercise activity along with stem cells on the expression of some effective genes in mitochondrial biogenesis in azoospermic rats with busulfan.Methods: In this experimental study, 30 8-week-old rats were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups after induction of the azoospermia model. Healthy, sham, azoospermia, azoospermia+exercise, azoospermia+cell group, and azoospermia+cell+exercise group were divided. One month after the creation of the model, one million stem cells were transplanted once into the vas deferens of each mouse. Swimming training was done daily for 30 minutes a day and 5 days a week for 8 weeks. Genes were measured by Real time-PCR method. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. All calculations were done using SPSS/23 statistical software and at a significant level of P≤0.05.Findings: The results showed that the induction of the azoospermia model caused a decrease in the expression of SIRT1 and AMPK genes in testicular tissue, and that exercise combined with cell therapy increased the expression of SIRT1 and AMPK genes in testicular tissue in azoospermic model rats.Conclusion: In general, the results of the current research indicate that regular aerobic exercise such as low-intensity swimming helps in controlling the effects of infertility diseases through the maintenance and development of mitochondrial biogenesis in improving the spermatogenesis process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Ibn Al-Arabi'sletter to Imam Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi
Seyyed Hossein Seyyed MousaviThere isa letter fromIbn Al-Arabi to Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi among the mystical works. Some believe that this letter is the same that Ibn Arabi has referred to it in two Chapters of his FUTUHAT MAKIYEH. He talks in FUTUHAT about Moral Virtues and Generositywhile the exis MoreThere isa letter fromIbn Al-Arabi to Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi among the mystical works. Some believe that this letter is the same that Ibn Arabi has referred to it in two Chapters of his FUTUHAT MAKIYEH. He talks in FUTUHAT about Moral Virtues and Generositywhile the existingletter is Fakhr Razi's invitation to learn intuition and intuitive Knowledge. The question is this, whether the letter which exists in some of Ibn Arabis RASAIL is the same as it claims, or the current letter is a letter other than the letter which Ibn Arabi has written? In this article while the Ibn Arabi's letter to Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi is translated, this result is obtained by the documentary analytical method that this letter is other than the letter that has been mentioned to it by Ibn Arabi in his FUTUHAT. Thus, it should be said that Ibn Arabi at least has written two letters for Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Mystical Position of Imam Sajjad (PBUH) among Sufis and Mystics
Mohammad Javad Shams Vahid MahmoodiDue to asceticism and prayer and beautiful and rich Hymns for Sufis, Imam Sajjad has a special scientific and practical place; from Scientific aspects, He excelled considered exoteric and esoteric knowledge and believed that He appeared not only in science but also exce MoreDue to asceticism and prayer and beautiful and rich Hymns for Sufis, Imam Sajjad has a special scientific and practical place; from Scientific aspects, He excelled considered exoteric and esoteric knowledge and believed that He appeared not only in science but also excelled in spiritual education; and Imam Ali and Imam Sajjad (as) among those who know that the universe science were property. Also from Practical aspects, prayers and miracles have been telling many of their methods of worship and morality of Him (PBUH) as a model for men of knowledge, and said that when He would stand in prayer discovered the secrets of the universe for Him. In mystical texts from His crying so much, asceticism, piety and fear, generosity and service to humanity, sincerity and humility, and patience they have spoken. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - A Comparative Study of Virtual and Mystical Love from the Perspective of Ahmad Ghazali and Ayn Al-Quzat (with Emphasis on Sawaneḥ Al-oshagh & Tamhidaat
Mehdi Mohammadi Behnam Fe’li Khadije Safary Kandsary mohammad reza beigiHuman love, which often appears in Sufis’ teachings with the expression of virtual love, is one of the complex and difficult issues in Islamic mysticism. Some consider it to be the beginning of mystical love and some deny it. Ahmad Ghazali and Ayn ol-Quzat Hamedan MoreHuman love, which often appears in Sufis’ teachings with the expression of virtual love, is one of the complex and difficult issues in Islamic mysticism. Some consider it to be the beginning of mystical love and some deny it. Ahmad Ghazali and Ayn ol-Quzat Hamedani are among the first people who wrote about love, its types, moods and characteristics in a special way in Persian literature. In the present study, which was prepared using a descriptive-analytical method, an attempt has been made to answer this basic question, what is Ahmad Ghazali's and Ayn Al-Quzat's views on virtual and mystical love? And what are the points of commonality and difference between the two? The results of the research show that Ghazali considers speculation permissible by referring to prophetic hadiths, and on the other hand, he considers appearances as a bridge to reach the inner truth. Ayn Al-Quzat also considers it harmless to be attached to these appearances if it is in the way of connecting with God's beloved and beloved. Eternity, coercion and the dangerous path of love are common points of mystical love in accidents and plans.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - The Mystics and the Virtue of Eating Halal Food
Maryam Haghi Zahra Salehi SadatiThe miracles of mystics and their related anecdotes constitute a large volume of mystical stories and is one of the key topics in Persian mystical texts. In a general classification, different types of miracles are divided into three main types: Notification of the unse MoreThe miracles of mystics and their related anecdotes constitute a large volume of mystical stories and is one of the key topics in Persian mystical texts. In a general classification, different types of miracles are divided into three main types: Notification of the unseen, aristocracy of insides, and possession of the universe, each of which includes several sub-types. One of the sub-types of the miracles of notification of the unseen is the recognition of the forbidden or suspicious nature of the morsel and the food through food and divine instruction. This dignity is based on the Sufi belief that if absolute blood covers the whole world, the believer will eat nothing except halal. In this dignity, the mystic without any signs and sometimes with signs such as moving a finger vein, not reaching for the forbidden, feeling full and not going down the forbidden morsel from the throat, calling to the heart, speaking of forbidden food, seeing blackness, Impurity and blood in food and ... is associated. Opponents of mystics sometimes used this method to test their legitimacy, and often, after being recognized as a mystic, they sought forgiveness and became mystics' followers. In this article, while collecting, classifying and analyzing such miracles in earlier mystical books, it has been tried to point out recent examples of this virtue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - Study of Ahmad Khani's Mystical Views on the Poem "Mam and Zayn" on Love
Jamal AhmadiAhmad Khani (1706-1650) is a great Kurdish poet and mystic in northern Kurdistan. Poetry in the North Kurmanji dialect, he has created works in this language. Among these works is the poem "Mam and Zin". This poem, which is the love story between "Mam" and "Zin", the si MoreAhmad Khani (1706-1650) is a great Kurdish poet and mystic in northern Kurdistan. Poetry in the North Kurmanji dialect, he has created works in this language. Among these works is the poem "Mam and Zin". This poem, which is the love story between "Mam" and "Zin", the sister of Amir "Bhutan", ends in tragedy with the malice and evil efforts of Bakr, the villain of the story, and they cannot be connected in this world; But their love and affection become a bridge to the truth.In this research, which is done in an analytical-descriptive way using library resources, the author intends to introduce the work and address the issue of love in the poem "Mam and Zin". The conclusion of this study is that Khani accepts virtual love and considers it a bridge to true love. In addition, the poem "Mam and Zin" is a crystallization of his romantic thoughts and experiences. Also, this poem is a very good example for the famous phrase "Al-Majaz Qantra Al-Haqiqa". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Mystical Analysis of Ahl- al- Bayt’s Virtues in Nahj Al-Balagha
Abolfazl GhahharyNahj al-Balagha is the words of Imam Ali, a sublime person who is perfect in theoretical and applied mysticim. Indeed, Imam Ali’s all mystical teachings are not reflected in this great book. He says that we ( Ahl al- Bayt) are the origin of wisdom, so if there is MoreNahj al-Balagha is the words of Imam Ali, a sublime person who is perfect in theoretical and applied mysticim. Indeed, Imam Ali’s all mystical teachings are not reflected in this great book. He says that we ( Ahl al- Bayt) are the origin of wisdom, so if there is any knowledge and wisdom in the existence or even there is any mystical ideas and thoughts, they belong to us tatally. Thus we can frequently find the virtues of Aha al-Bayt and their sublime thoughts in Nahj al-Balagha. In this article we study these great virtues by citation to Quran and Ahadith-e Nabavi and we also analyse deeply the meaning of Ahl al-Bayt and one of the most verces of Quran which is called “Verse of Tathiir”. Many of the famous interpretations( Sharh va Tafsir) of Nahj al-Balghah are used as the authentic refrences in the present article. As a result we find that all the mentioned virtues of Ahl al-Bayt are originated and derived from their mystical aspect of life. A descriptive-analytical method based on library research has been used in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - Self-knowledge: Necessity and Means of Achievement From Allameh Tabatabaei’s Viewpoint
Akram Rezaii Maryam Bakhtyar Seyed Jasem Pajouhandeh“Self-knowledge” is a kind of introspection and deliberation in the existence of self for recognizing the inner talents, desires and aspirations, and ultimately for achieving one’s true perfection. The aim of self-knowledge is the recognition of the tr More“Self-knowledge” is a kind of introspection and deliberation in the existence of self for recognizing the inner talents, desires and aspirations, and ultimately for achieving one’s true perfection. The aim of self-knowledge is the recognition of the true and celestial “self” of the human being, which is an immaterial, fixed, and remaining truth in all states and effects, in such a way that the human being does not need any proof or reasoning to prove it within themselves and he/she witnesses it with intuitive knowledge. Many scholars have had speeches about elaborating on this important subject in various epistemic areas, but the theory and attitude of mystic Allameh Tabatabaei in this respect (self-knowledge) are very precise and rich. This paper aims to achieve the above-mentioned subject through a descriptive-analytic way in his works. In this paper, we have achieved the following results: He believes that in order to enter and reach this path, one must use religious ways mentioned in religious sources such as self-judgment, meditation, silence, hunger, solitude, night vigil and so on in addition to diligence in worship. This way, because of self-attention gradually the four worlds of monotheism of actions, monotheism of attributes, monotheism of names and at the end monotheism in essence, will be revealed to the mystic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - An Analysis of “Delicate Love” in Sa’di’s Point of View
Karim Elahi Khalil Bahrami Ghasrechami Hosein IzadiThe delicate love discussed in this article is a critical topic in Persian mysticism and literature. This article, via a descriptive research method and the library and documentary research techniques, intends to answer the main question: what does Sa’di mean by l MoreThe delicate love discussed in this article is a critical topic in Persian mysticism and literature. This article, via a descriptive research method and the library and documentary research techniques, intends to answer the main question: what does Sa’di mean by love? The data show that Mosleh al-Din Sa’adi Shirazi is one of the poets of scholar, tourist, sage, and philosopher and one of the high peaks of Persian language and literature, who has dealt with the subject of love with his eloquent and flowery language and with frankness and humor. His works of poetry and prose are full of romantic satire. Sa’adi’s love is both spiritual (mystical and heavenly) and earthly. His loving worldview and aesthetic outlook have made us consider the whole universe beautiful and lovable. At the same time, Sa’adi, following other mystics and poets, believes love above reason and considers the reason so weak in front of love. Behind the scenes of virtual beauties and loves, he looks at the real face of their creator. In brief, it can be said that Sa’adi’s thinking in love is far from extremes and has adopted a language of moderation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - اجرای روش حمایتی (داربستی) متقابل درمحیط یادگیری مجازی: مهارت های شنیداری و گفتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی
Marzieh Sabzevari Neda Fatehi Rad Masoud Tajaddiniاین پژوهش تلاشی برای اجرا و بررسی روش حمایتی متقابل در محیط یادگیری مجازی زبان انگلیسی داشته است. به طور خاص، این تحقیق تأثیر روش آنلاین حمایتی متقابل بر مهارت های شنیداری و گفتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی را مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار داد. پس از اجرای آزمون تعیین سطح، 36 زبانآ Moreاین پژوهش تلاشی برای اجرا و بررسی روش حمایتی متقابل در محیط یادگیری مجازی زبان انگلیسی داشته است. به طور خاص، این تحقیق تأثیر روش آنلاین حمایتی متقابل بر مهارت های شنیداری و گفتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی را مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار داد. پس از اجرای آزمون تعیین سطح، 36 زبانآموز نمونه تحقیق را تشکیل دادند و به طور تصادفی به دو گروه آزمایشی (EG=18) که با روش مذکور و گروه کنترل (CG=18) که با استفاده از روشهای آموزشی سنتی آموزش داده شدند، طبقهبندی شدند. ابزارهای گردآوری داده ها شامل آزمون همگن سازی، پیش آزمون و پس آزمون در مهارت های شنیداری و گفتاری بود. این تحقیق در 16 جلسه انجام شد و اعضای گروه آزمایش در دوره های شنیداری و گفتاری خود آموزش راهبردهای روش حمایتی متقابل را دریافت کردند، در حالی که اعضای گروه کنترل این دو مهارت را بدون چنین آموزشی تمرین کردند. نتایج آزمونهای تی نمونههای مستقل و آزمونهای تی زوجی انجامشده در پیشآزمون و پسآزمون نشان داد که زبانآموزان گروه آزمایش در هر دو مهارت زبان از گروه کنترل بهتر عمل کردند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - فناوری کمکی واقعیت مجازی برای زبان آموزان دارای اختلال بیانی زبان: اثربخشی، امکان سنجی، و خطرات
Mojgan Khaki Hossein Heidari Tabrizi Sajad Shafieeاین مطالعه کیفی که ریشه در تئوری فناوری کمکی (AST) دارد، واقعیت مجازی (VR) را به عنوان یک فناوری کمکی در بین زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی مبتلا به اختلال زبان بیانی (ELD) در رابطه با اثربخشی، امکان سنجی و خطرات آن مورد بررسی قرار داد. پس از یک نمونه گیری هدفمند، 18 زبان آمو Moreاین مطالعه کیفی که ریشه در تئوری فناوری کمکی (AST) دارد، واقعیت مجازی (VR) را به عنوان یک فناوری کمکی در بین زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی مبتلا به اختلال زبان بیانی (ELD) در رابطه با اثربخشی، امکان سنجی و خطرات آن مورد بررسی قرار داد. پس از یک نمونه گیری هدفمند، 18 زبان آموز انگلیسی زبان پیش از متوسط ایرانی با سطوح خفیف تا متوسط ELD انتخاب شدند و یک محیط یادگیری واقعیت مجازی کاملاً فراگیر را از طریق نمایشگرهای واقعیت مجازی روی سر (VR-HMDs) که در آن مجموعه ای از قطعات یادگیری را تجربه کردند. با تمرکز بر مهارتهای گفتاری به مدت 20 جلسه هفتاد دقیقهای توسط VR نوشته شد. داده ها به صورت موضوعی توسط تحلیل داده های کیفی ماکس وبر (MAXQDA) تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافتهها عوامل تشکیلدهنده فناوری کمکی VR در مورد (A) اثربخشی (سواد فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات، پیش داوریها، فنهراسی یا استرس فنی، انگیزه و کیفیت تجهیزات VR) را نشان دادند. (ب) امکانسنجی (زیرساختهای آکادمیک، قیمت تجهیزات، ویژگیهای سفارشیسازی، انواع محتوا یا زمینه، و آموزش)، و (C) خطرات (علائم فیزیکی و ذهنی مختلف ناشی از VR). نتایج ممکن است به نفع TEFL، فناوری کمکی و آموزشی، و آموزش درمانی باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - Review of Damage Tolerant Analysis of Laminated Composites
X.L Fan Q Sun M Kikuchi -
Open Access Article
178 - Engineering Critical Assessments of Marine Pipelines with 3D Surface Cracks Considering Weld Mismatch
S.M.H Sharifi M Kaveh H Saeidi Googarchin -
Open Access Article
179 - Generalization of Dodgson's "Virtual Center" Method; an Efficient Method for Determinant Calculation
Elyas Shivanian Alireza Soleimani -
Open Access Article
180 - Examining the verb modal in Forough Farrokhzad's poetry by considering the verb modal
zary khodaei mehri talkhabi toraj aghdaie heidar hasanlo hosein ArianThis study is on of Examining the verb modal in Forough Farrokhzad's poetry by considering the verb modal. Based on different theories and from fundamental positions, the verb modal reflects the writer's point of view. So, this tool can be used to examine the inner thou MoreThis study is on of Examining the verb modal in Forough Farrokhzad's poetry by considering the verb modal. Based on different theories and from fundamental positions, the verb modal reflects the writer's point of view. So, this tool can be used to examine the inner thoughts and thoughts of the author. This study aims to examine the the verb modalto explain Forough’s attitude and point of view and study his mind and soul deeply, to answer this fundamental question, how dose Forough Farrokhzad's thoughts and ideas reflect in the syntax of words and can Forough's thought be received among the the modal of his poetic actions? The importance of this research is in examining and analyzing the the verb modal, it is possible to achieve the style, knowledge and sense of forough.In this article, we study the the verb modalin Forough Farrokhzad's poems collection, called "Another Birth", while analyzing various theories about the the verb modal. By providing samples, we concluded that in most cases, Forough used obligation aspect to express thoughts, nostalgic feelings, escape to childhood , to express regrets, wishes and failures. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and after collecting poetic evidence it has been studied and analyzed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
181 - Aesthetics in the works of naser keshavarz
naser kazem khanlu hossein ariyan nasrin biranvandTalk about artists and philosophers. In the past the aesthetics. Beautiful form of poetry in form and content elements interact with each other.in a review of chidrens poetry harmonic and rhythmic aesthetic of clear rational instrument of thought and fantasy of the orig MoreTalk about artists and philosophers. In the past the aesthetics. Beautiful form of poetry in form and content elements interact with each other.in a review of chidrens poetry harmonic and rhythmic aesthetic of clear rational instrument of thought and fantasy of the original elements. To get a true insight and understanding of the singers can be of utility and aesthetics valve to make deep thoughts and inner worlds and poets became emotional and in this way to angles and khbayay entered their minds and by understanding and more insight immortal hesitated.The present research A comparative study of aesthetic array literal and spiritual works of naser keshavarz and with the aim of introducing aesthatic aspects of chidrens portry naser keshavarz has been developed. This research method is descriptive and analytical nature and the purpose of theoretical and material provided library studies.The most important aspects of the aesthetic poetry naser keshavarz on the outer side of the inner and spiritual music is studied. .The result of this research shows that the industry naser keshavarz expressive and innovative childrens poetry have special significance Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - The Effects of Mothers’ Age, Educational Level, Occupation and Children’s Birth Order on Iranian Preschoolers’ Communicative Performance
Arezoo Daneshvar Firroz Sadighi -
Open Access Article
183 - Application of Adaptive Neuro-Based Fuzzy Inference System to Evaluate the Resilience of E-learning in Education Systems, During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Mohammadhossein Sadathosseini Khajouei Nazanin Pilevari -
Open Access Article
184 - Presenting a Gray Marketing Model Using the Role of Influencers in Social Media
Anvar Yousefi Mehdi Hadad Zadeh -
Open Access Article
185 - Designing a Systemic Model for Promoting the Adoption of Virtual Banking in Iran's Banking Industry
Monireh Akbari Mahdi Mahmoudzadeh Vashan Hossein Hakimpour -
Open Access Article
186 - The Impact of Virtual Reality Technology on Creating the Attitude and Understanding of Customers Towards the Property and Service Provider in the Real Estate Consulting Division
soraya Khanzadeh Ghalati Mousa Rahimi sirous keshavarz -
Open Access Article
187 - Virtual reality (VR) alongside Social Media Marketing Activities (SMMAs) as a solution for Management Information Systems (MIS)
Yazdan Shirmohammadi Parisa abiyaran Mike Peters -
Open Access Article
188 - Psychological and Sociological Study of Women Cultural Growth and Sublimity in Virtual Space Set
Tayyebeh ZareiThe purpose of the current research was to investigate the cultural growth and sublimity of women in the virtual space set from the psychological and sociological point of views. The research universe included all the psychological and sociological texts related to the MoreThe purpose of the current research was to investigate the cultural growth and sublimity of women in the virtual space set from the psychological and sociological point of views. The research universe included all the psychological and sociological texts related to the virtual space set and cultural growth and sublimity. The sample encased psychological, sociological, cultural and the virtual space subjects concerning women. The method of the research was descriptive-analytical. To collect data documentary and library procedure by note taking on index cards involving the significant concepts was implemented. The data was analyzed via content analysis. The results of the research showed that women needed to have mental health, participate and benefit from the facilities and opportunities of social life and their capabilities, including scientific and cultural approaches, helped women to achieve independence and self-sufficiency. The promotion of psychological health and sublimity of women was influenced by several factors, including the most important of them - the factors of restraints, promotion of public culture, women's networks and organizations, media and virtual space which were referred to as "virtual space set". Also, correct policy-making based on Islamic and Iranian culture could provide the basis for maintaining the balance and psychological health of women along with their growth and sublimity. Establishing communication and interaction of women with the society through virtual space and creating traditional networks and organizations specific to women were effective factors in maintaining the psychological health and cultural sublimity of women, which could be transformed from the specialized and scientific to the public and the popular fields. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - بررسی مبادله آب مجازی و تأثیر آن بر بهره وری آب در اراضی تحت پوشش شبکه آبیاری و زهکشی میاناب شوشتر
افشان فارغ زاده اصلان اگدرنژادآب اولین و اساسی ترین عامل محدود کننده تولید محصولات کشاورزی است و بدون شک، بحران آب به عنوان یکی از چالش های بین المللی مورد توجه دولت ها و جوامع بشری می باشد. با توجه به اینکه آب مجازی برای اولین بار به عنوان راهی برای مقابله با کمبود آب در کشورهای دارای منابع آب محدو Moreآب اولین و اساسی ترین عامل محدود کننده تولید محصولات کشاورزی است و بدون شک، بحران آب به عنوان یکی از چالش های بین المللی مورد توجه دولت ها و جوامع بشری می باشد. با توجه به اینکه آب مجازی برای اولین بار به عنوان راهی برای مقابله با کمبود آب در کشورهای دارای منابع آب محدود مورد استفاده قرار گرفت، لذا کشورهای با آب کم باید به واردات مواد غذایی از کشورهای دارای آب فراوان به منظور صرفه جویی در منابع محدود آب بپردازند. بنابراین آب مجازی می تواند در کشورهای کم آب مانند ایران به عنوان راهکاری برای کاهش فشار بر منابع آب در نظر گرفت. لذا توجه به مقوله آب مجازی به عنوان راهکاری جهت مدیریت مصرف آب در شرایط بحرانی کم آبی می تواند ضروری به نظر برسد. هدف از این پژوهش، محاسبه آب مجازی محصولات کشاورزی بوده و پس از شناسایی جریان آب مجازی و برآورد میزان آن، شاخص های میزان صادرات، واردات و خالص مبادله آب مجازی، بهره وری، شدت مصرف آب در منطقه و وابستگی یا خودکفایی منطقه به آب مورد نیاز بررسی شده است. محصولات مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش، صیفی جات شامل خیار و گوجه فرنگی بوده که اطلاعات مورد نیاز از سال 1390 الی 1396 جمع آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد، صیفی جات جزء محصولات کم مصرف با بهره وری آب بالا قرار دارند و صادرات آب مجازی در مقایسه با واردات آب مجازی بیشتر بوده و خالص آب مبادله آب مجازی 32/7838- مترمکعب در هکتار است. همچنین شدت وابستگی به آب در منطقه پژوهش در طول دوره افزایشی بوده و در کل از نظر تأمین آب مورد نیاز برای تولید محصولات کشاورزی (خیار و گوجه فرنگی) خودکفا می باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Application of Goal Programming to Determination of Optimum Cropping Pattern Emphasizing on Virtual Water in Kurdistan Province
mostafa baghbanyan Hamed Ghaderzadeh Ghodratollah Emamverdi Marjan Damankeshideh Narciss Amin Rashti,Nowadays, production of economic production is one of the most important of policymaker’s tensions. Address to this. It is necessary to merge the farmer’s aims along policy makers as well as their necessities. Therefore, the current study attempted to invest MoreNowadays, production of economic production is one of the most important of policymaker’s tensions. Address to this. It is necessary to merge the farmer’s aims along policy makers as well as their necessities. Therefore, the current study attempted to investigate on optimum cropping pattern of agricultural crops in Kurdistan province respect to each county emphasizing on minimize virtual water. To follow research aim the necessary data were collected for the agricultural year 2015-6 using goal programming. The results showed that, the current cropping pattern does not has no comparative advantage and it has to experience significant change. In other words, the current cropping pattern willing must to change from mixed form to specialized one according to comparative advantage according to resource possibilities of each district. The range of change showed that, there are significant decrease and increase in some crops compare to current situation. The results showed that, irrigated wheat did not get permission to enter optimum model. In addition, the most of current crop due to low return as well as disadvantage of study area omitted in recommended pattern. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - Investigating the Effectiveness of Virtual Education at Elementary School During Corona Virus Pandemic
sedighe kargarkhorami Effat AbbasiIntroduction:When educational institutions were closed following the outbreak of corona virus pandemic, virtual education has become doubly important around the world and it has entered the field of formal education in schools and universities, replacing face-to-face te MoreIntroduction:When educational institutions were closed following the outbreak of corona virus pandemic, virtual education has become doubly important around the world and it has entered the field of formal education in schools and universities, replacing face-to-face teaching and education. This created some opportunities and also challenges in the field of education. The purpose of this study was to investigate virtual education in primary schools in Khorrambid city. Research Methodology: The research method was survey and the statistical population was female primary school teachers in Khorrambid city in the academic year 2020-2021, whose number was 137 and among them, 101 people were selected through stratified random sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire on the effectiveness of virtual education in primary schools from the teachers' point of view. After compiling the questions, the questionnaire was given to the supervisor and three professors of primary education major and its face and content validity was confirmed. Also, the internal consistency of the questionnaire was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, the value of which was 0.87 for the whole questionnaire. Data were analyzed using t-test using SPSS software version 22. Findings:The results indicated that in all dimensions of the questionnaire, teachers' views were towards moderate to high options and virtual education was effective on the doctrinal, moral, scientific, cultural, social, biological, political and economic dimensions of elementary students. According to the obtained results, virtual education can be developed and it can be used effectively in the future as a supplement to face-to-face education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Investigating factors affecting the acceptance and use of augmented reality applications in education in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Yazdan Shirmohammadi Afsaneh Abdolahi Amene Kamali SarvestaniIntroduction: Augmented reality and virtual reality are considered smart and digital technologies that have left their impact in many industries and environments. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic creates a series of issues and challenges for tourism education. E MoreIntroduction: Augmented reality and virtual reality are considered smart and digital technologies that have left their impact in many industries and environments. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic creates a series of issues and challenges for tourism education. Education through augmented reality and virtual reality has become very important. The tourism industry, as one of the most important service industries, experiences tight competition compared to other industries and services in the world. research methodology: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors affecting the acceptance and use of augmented reality and virtual reality applications in tourism education in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method of this study is quantitative, and data analysis is done using structural equations. The statistical population of the research also includes education experts in the field of augmented reality. The basic idea of this research and its dimensions and spheres are taken from Barta's research model (2023), and changes and innovations have been made to the said model. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire with reliable sources. The final designed conceptual model was estimated using structural equations and Smart PLS software. Findings: Based on the modeling results of structural equations, usefulness, ease, pleasure motivation, perceived value of price and perceived quality are effective on the attitude of using augmented reality and virtual reality applications in tourism education with values of 0.560, 0.485, 0.303, 0.677 and 0.444 respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, the perceived value of price has a greater impact on the attitude and acceptance of the use of augmented reality and virtual reality applications in tourism education in the era of COVID-19 than other identified factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - The effect of educational games in Virtual education on increasing the learning of Persian alphabet in first grade elementary school students
marzieh baghdadi Fatemeh Ahmadbeigi mohamadmehdi radanIntroduction: The world of children is full of joy, freshness and wonder. Play is the biggest support for the child's personality and mental well-being, as well as the child's mental and physical development. Playing games is the bond that forms their friendships and gi MoreIntroduction: The world of children is full of joy, freshness and wonder. Play is the biggest support for the child's personality and mental well-being, as well as the child's mental and physical development. Playing games is the bond that forms their friendships and gives them the opportunity to acquire mental and emotional skills. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of educational games in cyberspace on increasing the learning of the Persian alphabet by first grade elementary school students. Research Method: the research study was experimental type. The study population includes first grade male students in District 8 at Tehran city. Sixty first grade students of Fakhami-1 school in two classes of 30 people have been selected based on the random sampling method. These two classes were selected from all the first elementary classes and one class of 30 people was randomly assigned as the control group and the other 30 people as the experimental group. To collect the data, a researcher-made educational achievement test of Persian alphabet was used. The educational game was also designed by the researcher and implemented on the experimental group. Finding: results showed that the educational games in virtual education have been effective to increase the learning of the Persian alphabet in first grade students. The findings indicate that educational games in virtual education are effective in increasing the reading and writing skills of the Persian alphabet in first grade elementery school students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - Designing and Analyzing a Diagram of Challenges and Requirements of Pedagogy in Virtual Ecosystem
nasser kamalpourkhob faramarz pakravanIntroduction and aim: The aim of this study was to investigate and identify the challenges of pedagogy and to design a diagram of the relationship between these challenges in the new e-learning ecosystem. research methodology: This study was a descriptive-analytical st MoreIntroduction and aim: The aim of this study was to investigate and identify the challenges of pedagogy and to design a diagram of the relationship between these challenges in the new e-learning ecosystem. research methodology: This study was a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted with a survey strategy. To achieve the purpose of the study, all high school students in district 2, Baharestan, Tehran city were considered as the statistical population. The required number of samples was first calculated using the Cochran's formula as equal to 384 people. Then the samples were identified using simple multi-stage cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity of which was first confirmed in consultation with experts in the field of education, then with the help of factor analysis (kmo=0.920, p<.000). Its reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha as equal to 0.894 at a very good level. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and Amos software and frequency table statistics, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis, path analysis and structural equation modeling. Findings: As a result of data analysis, it was found that pedagogy in the virtual ecosystem is influenced by the indicators of the educational process, teaching and educational evaluation. The educational process index directly and indirectly explains the pedagogic changes in the virtual ecosystem. The teaching index indirectly explains these changes, but the educational evaluation index only directly explains the pedagogic changes in the virtual ecosystem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - Understanding the effective factors of virtual education in “Shad” system (students' educational network) on the performance of students in the Corona era
Parviz Sobhani Yaghoob Ahmadi Nahideh Hussein panahi Fatemeh FelegariIntroduction: Faulty virtual education platforms and the use of educational networks such as the "Shad," along with some other factors, played an effective role in reducing the quality of education during the Corona pandemic. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to k MoreIntroduction: Faulty virtual education platforms and the use of educational networks such as the "Shad," along with some other factors, played an effective role in reducing the quality of education during the Corona pandemic. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to know the status and evaluate the performance of this system on the students of Qorve city in Kurdistan province. Research methodology: The method of this research is qualitative. Semi-structured interviews with students and teachers who had more than two years of experience using this system were used to collect data. The interviews continued until theoretical saturation was reached, during which 8 teachers and 17 students were interviewed in the target city and villages. The validity of the research was obtained in consultation with the relevant experts and the reliability was obtained using the retest method. Findings: The results of the interviews indicated 41 core categories under 11 key categories as follows: Weakness of the internet infrastructure and lack of smartphones, decrease in team work and social interactions, educational failure of students, change in educational-research attitude, decline of teachers' supervision and lack of accurate assessment of students, decrease in trust and social solidarity, causing physical, mental and behavioral injuries, increasing creativity and skill, lack of appropriate culture in the use of virtual space, strengthening self-reliance and increasing the sense of responsibility and complementary role like the Shad network. Conclusion: Familiarity, awareness and of course enough virtual space interactions have become a vital issue especially for education in the contemporary globalized world. Such interactions will undoubtedly lead to the degradation of the quality of education and will result in training students who graduate degrees with high GPAs but without enough qualitative scientific content, if proper software and hardware platforms are not created and if the development of forecasts and background knowledge in this regard are ignored. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - The mediating role of social adjustment in the relationship between mind theory and self-efficacy with the tendency to virtual networks in gifted students
Alireza Sangani behnam makvandi Parviz AskaryThe aim of this study was the mediating role of social adjustment in the relationship between mind theory and self-efficacy with the tendency to virtual networks in gifted students. The research method was descriptive-correlation and in particular path analaysis. The st MoreThe aim of this study was the mediating role of social adjustment in the relationship between mind theory and self-efficacy with the tendency to virtual networks in gifted students. The research method was descriptive-correlation and in particular path analaysis. The statistical population of the present study was all 300 gifted students of Secondary School Sampad Secondary School in 11 experimental fields in the academic year of 2019 in Gorgan. Mojardi, et al (2014) tendency to virtual networks questionnaire, Steerneman (1994) theory of mind questionnaire, self-efficacy Shereer (1982), California Test Personality (1953) were evaluated. The results showed that The research model was fitted and validated and explained 0.58 of variance in tendency to virtual networks by theory of mind, self-efficacy and social adaptation and social adaptation had a mediating role in the relationship between theory of mind with tendency to virtual networks. Changes in the tendency for cyberspace based on direct theory of mind and indirect social adjustment can be explained in gifted students and this study has practical implications for school counselors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Predicting the marital burnout based on perceived social support and use of virtual network in married women
Shadi ZolfaghariThe aim of this research was predicting the marital burnout based on perceived social support and use of virtual network in married women. Present study was cross-sectional from correlation type. The research population was married women referring to Tehran neighborhood MoreThe aim of this research was predicting the marital burnout based on perceived social support and use of virtual network in married women. Present study was cross-sectional from correlation type. The research population was married women referring to Tehran neighborhood in spring and summer sessions of 2019 year. The research sample was 180 people who were selected by multistage cluster random sampling method. Data collected by the questionnaires of marital burnout (Pines, 1996), perceived social support (Zimet & et al, 1988) and use of virtual network (Young, 1998) and analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple Regression methods in SPSS-18. The findings showed that the support of family, friends and others has a significant negative relationship with marital burnout of married women and the use of virtual network has a significant positive relationship with their marital burnout. Also, the variables of support of family, friends and others and use of virtual network significantly could predict 46% of variance of marital burnout of married women (P<0/05). Regarded to the results it is suggested that with necessary training to reduce the marital burnout of married women increase their social support and decrease their use of virtual network. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - The Role of Virtual Social Networks and Interaction Patterns of Teachers with Students in Predicting Learning Strategies of Secondary School Students
Maryam Gholipour Vahid Fallah Seyedeh Esmat RasooliThe aim of present research was determine the role of virtual social networks and interaction patterns of teachers with students in predicting learning strategies of secondary school students. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation met MoreThe aim of present research was determine the role of virtual social networks and interaction patterns of teachers with students in predicting learning strategies of secondary school students. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The study population was the secondary school students of Babol city in the 2018-19 academic years with number 15300 people, which according to the Cochran's formula the sample size was calculated 374 people who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. To collected data used from the Pintrich & DeGroot learning strategies scale (1990), Savita & Liyaqat virtual social network questionnaire (2018) and Wubbels & et al interaction patterns of teachers with students scale (1993). Data were analyzed by methods of Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression with stepwise model in SPSS software version 20 at a significance level of 0.05. The results of analysis showed that virtual social networks and interaction patterns of teachers with students had a positive and significant relationship with the learning strategies of secondary school students. Also, virtual social networks and interaction patterns of teachers with students played a significant role in predicting their learning strategies (p < 0.001). According to the results to improve the learning strategies of secondary school students can increase the rate use of virtual social networks and improve the interaction patterns of teachers with students through workshops. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Examining the solutions to improve the level of ability of primary teachers to use new methods of education in virtual space
kobra oveisThis study was conducted with the aim of investigating ways to improve the ability level of primary teachers to use new teaching methods in the virtual space of education in the three districts of Kermanshah. and as a platform for writing text using qualitative research MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of investigating ways to improve the ability level of primary teachers to use new teaching methods in the virtual space of education in the three districts of Kermanshah. and as a platform for writing text using qualitative research method. In this research, 12 professors and experts who are proficient in modern teaching methods of the third education district of Kermanshah city have been used. In order to identify effective strategies for improving the level of teachers' ability, thematic analysis method was used. Using purposeful and snowball sampling and theoretical saturation index, sampling was done from the research population. For this purpose, several experts in the field of educational management were identified and interviewed using the purposeful sampling method. In order to ensure the validity of the tool in the research, the valuable opinions of professors familiar with this field and academic experts who were experts and informed in this field were used. Also, to evaluate the reliability of the method proposed by Lincoln and Cuba, and to ensure the validity and acceptability of the data, the constant and continuous conflict method was used. 5 components (information literacy competence, communication and collaboration competence, electronic content production competence, security and health competence and problem solving competence) were effective in improving teachers' competence, so it can be concluded that competence in educational organizations is more important than other organizations..This study was conducted with the aim of investigating ways to improve the ability level of primary teachers to use new teaching methods in the virtual space of education in the three districts of Kermanshah. and as a platform for writing text using qualitative research method. In this research, 12 professors and experts who are proficient in modern teaching methods of the third education district of Kermanshah city have been used. In order to identify effective strategies for improving the level of teachers' ability, thematic analysis method was used. Using purposeful and snowball sampling and theoretical saturation index, sampling was done from the research population. For this purpose, several experts in the field of educational management were identified and interviewed using the purposeful sampling method. In order to ensure the validity of the tool in the research, the valuable opinions of professors familiar with this field and academic experts who were experts and informed in this field were used. Also, to evaluate the reliability of the method proposed by Lincoln and Cuba, and to ensure the validity and acceptability of the data, the constant and continuous conflict method was used. 5 components (information literacy competence, communication and collaboration competence, electronic content production competence, security and health competence and problem solving competence) were effective in improving teachers' competence, so it can be concluded that competence in educational organizations is more important than other organizations.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - Sociological Explanation of Modern Identity in Ahvaz and the Factors Affecting it (study the Young people 18 to 42 generations after the Islamic Revolution in the city of Ahvaz)
Farzin Hatami kakesh Nabi&amp;rsquo;ollah Ider ahmadali hesabiIdentities, traits and characteristics, social relationships, maps and membership in social groups are what determine a person's identity. Modern identity has arisen from new developments that along with the changes resulting from globalization and scientific and techno MoreIdentities, traits and characteristics, social relationships, maps and membership in social groups are what determine a person's identity. Modern identity has arisen from new developments that along with the changes resulting from globalization and scientific and technological advances, have occurred in various dimensions of the bio-world of actors and human agencies, and every day we see the spread of this type of identity in the regions. We are different in the world. Correspondingly, individuals' perceptions of themselves, others, and the international community, especially among young people, are changing. This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the increasing tendency to modern identity among the youth of Ahvaz. Therefore, 384 young people aged 18-42 living in Ahvaz were interviewed using a quantitative method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was distributed among these individuals and the data were collected. Findings show that the variables of age, gender, education, socio-economic status, new leisure spending styles and the use of virtual social networks, affect the strengthening of modern identity. According to the results of multivariate regression analysis, the strongest relationship is the relationship between the use of virtual social networks and modern identity with a beta value of 0.305. Accordingly, the use of virtual social networks has been effective on the tendency of young people to modern identity and its dimensions; That is, by increasing or decreasing the use of these networks, the tendency of young people to modern identity and its dimensions will be strengthened or weakened. Among the dimensions of modern identity, only the variable of progressiveness had no significant relationship with the use of virtual social networks. In total, the above factors explain 0.517% of the tendency of young people towards modern identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - Social-psychological model of body management of generation (z) based on virtual space and cultural capital with the mediation of social comparison .
eghbal valadi hamed nooriOne of the paradigms proposed in the field of social psychology of the body, which has become popular among girls today, is the body management of Generation Z, in which girls are faced with changes in the physical characteristics of their bodies after the 1401 protests MoreOne of the paradigms proposed in the field of social psychology of the body, which has become popular among girls today, is the body management of Generation Z, in which girls are faced with changes in the physical characteristics of their bodies after the 1401 protests. The research method was applied in terms of application and purpose, and the survey method was used in terms of descriptive-analytical implementation. The research tools include Bourdieu's cultural capital questionnaire and the researcher-made questionnaire on girls' body management scale and Gibbons' social comparison. This research was conducted in 2022 and the sample size was made up of 60 girls aged 15 to 30 in Sanandaj, the sampling method was a simple random type and for the analysis of quantitative data, SPSS26 and SMART software was used. PLS has been used. The research findings showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables of generation z body management, cultural capital, virtual space, and social comparison of the mentioned variables. The social-psychological model of body management of generation z (z) based on virtual space and cultural capital with the mediation of social comparison (a case study of protest girls 1401) is suitable. The effect of predicting body management of Generation Z girls based on the social comparison in this research is equal to 0.42 and the effect of predicting body management based on cultural capital in this research is equal to 0.44 and the effect of predicting body management of Generation Z. based on virtual space in this research is equal to 0.47. In generation z girls of Sanandaj city, social comparison is an essential source of information about the self-management of generation (Z) bodies, and social comparison processes fill the gap between self-related topics and the concept of individual and intergroup identity based on protest psychology. As the consumption of external virtual space increases, the body management of generation z increases. In fact, these results show that the society in question has been exposed to conflicting and emerging sources of identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Effectiveness of virtual training of quality of life therapy on work-family conflict, work addiction, mental health and interpersonal interactions in working employees
Maedeh mokhtari karchegani Hadi FarhadiAbstractThe present research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of virtual training of quality of life therapy on work-family conflict, work addiction, mental health and interpersonal interactions in working employees. The research method was a semi-experim MoreAbstractThe present research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of virtual training of quality of life therapy on work-family conflict, work addiction, mental health and interpersonal interactions in working employees. The research method was a semi-experimental research method with experimental and control groups and pre-test-post-test and follow up. The statistical population included all secondary school female teachers in Isfahan city in the academic year of 2021-2020, 30 female teachers were selected by random sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 people) and a control group (15 people). The experimental group underwent 8 90-minute virtual training of quality of life therapy and the control group remained on the waiting list. Both groups were evaluated in the pre-test, post-test and follow up stages by work-family conflict questionnaire (Carlson et al., 2000) General Health Questioner(Goldberg, 1979), Work addiction questionnaire(Spence & Robbins, 1992) and Interpersonal interactions questionnaire(Mack Alister, 1995). In order to analyze the data, statistical methods and SPSS version 23 software and repeated measures analysis were used. The findings showed that that virtual training of quality of life therapy has a significant effect on work-family conflict, work addiction, mental health and interpersonal interactions (p<0.001). As a result, virtual training of quality of life therapy as an effective therapy can help to improve mental health. Therefore, it is suggested that counselors and psychologists pay special attention to virtual training of quality of life therapy to reduce work-family conflict and work addiction and increase mental health and interpersonal interactions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - Abnormal births in the magical legends of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
zeynab mosadeghAbstractBirth, as one of the most mysterious aspects of creation, is one of the hallmarks of human principles and beliefs. Through myths, human beings have passed on their beliefs about procreation, longing for life and its continuation through myths. In many folk tales MoreAbstractBirth, as one of the most mysterious aspects of creation, is one of the hallmarks of human principles and beliefs. Through myths, human beings have passed on their beliefs about procreation, longing for life and its continuation through myths. In many folk tales of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, the birth of the hero or its contexts is more prominent than his actions after birth. The hero, death and resurrection in various forms, the belief in immortality and life after death is believed by the people of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad. Are separable. In terms of superstructure, no birth is apparently similar to another birth, but basically, the foundation and depth of construction are all the same, and if there is a difference in superstructure or appearance, it is a myth. In addition, it is shown that the unusual birth of a hero in magical legends is more noticeable than this element in non-magical stories. This research was carried out by descriptive-analytical method by examining the element of normative birth and its types in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad oral-magical myths. In this study, it was shown that birth has types that are divided into sub-categories such as types of birth origin.Keywords: Afsaneh Parian, Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad, Birth of Farahnjar, Metamorphosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - The mediating role of participation and emotional well-being in the effect of organizational virtue on employee performance
soheila zarin jouy alvar Donya BaviBackground & Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of participation and emotional well-being in the effect of organizational virtue on employee performance.Methodology: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descripti MoreBackground & Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of participation and emotional well-being in the effect of organizational virtue on employee performance.Methodology: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. Data collection was done by a standard questionnaire of 25 questions. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha using expert opinions and its reliability. The statistical population of the study consisted of 130 employees of Abadan Azad University and the sample size was calculated to be 97 people using Morgan table. To select the sample, stratified random sampling method was used. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling and LISREL software.Finding: The university, as a leading organization in societies and its central importance in life, should be more sensitive to improving its quality, which requires the endogenous development of evaluation culture, and the observance of ethics and the institutionalization of moral virtues in this regard is an issue that can be Implement it in other organizations as well. It is suggested that behavior in the shadow of respect, ethics and love be at the forefront of organizational behavior, in other words, regardless of the role and position of employees, treat them with respect and maintaining their personality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - The Study of Organizational Virtue and Organizational Productivity through Organizational Citizenship Behavir in Fars Sport and Youth Offices
omid safari nima shahidiThe main objective of this study was Study of Organizational Virtue and Organizational Productivity through Organizational Citizenship Behavi in Fars Sport and Youth Offices. The statistical population of this study was all employees of Fars Sport and Youth. The sample MoreThe main objective of this study was Study of Organizational Virtue and Organizational Productivity through Organizational Citizenship Behavi in Fars Sport and Youth Offices. The statistical population of this study was all employees of Fars Sport and Youth. The sample size was 85. The statistical population was considered as the sample size. To collect information about the research, three questionnaires were used: Hersey and Goldsmith (1980), Organizational Virtue Inventory (2007) and Cameron et al. (2004) and Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire (1990). Validity of this tool was confirmed by a review from the supervisor and management experts. The reliability of this tool was also obtained using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.711, 0.852 and 0.820, respectively. Pearson correlation and path analysis were used to analyze the data using SPSS21 and AMOS5 software. Findings of this study showed that organizational virtue had a positive and significant relationship with organizational productivity. Regarding the second hypothesis, it was found that organizational virtue had a significant relationship with organizational citizenship behavior. The results of the third hypothesis showed that organizational citizenship behavior had a significant relationship with organizational productivity. Finally, the role of mediator of citizenship behavior in the relationship between organizational virtue and organizational productivity of staff was confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - Changing in the Educational System during COVID 19 Era: A Qualitative Study of Empirical Understanding of Students of Physical Education and Sports
Taibeh Zargar Zahra Nobakht RamezaniCorona changed all social relations in the world and started a new chapter of life for humanity. Extensive change provided the basis for extensive studies to understand people's experience of these changes. Education as one of the areas of social life has not been witho MoreCorona changed all social relations in the world and started a new chapter of life for humanity. Extensive change provided the basis for extensive studies to understand people's experience of these changes. Education as one of the areas of social life has not been without the effects and changes of the corona epidemic. The aim of this study was to understand the experience of students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences about changes in the educational system during the corona epidemic. In this qualitative study, data were collected through interviews with 18 physical education students at the Azad University. The interviews continued until the theoretical saturation was reached. After collecting the data and converting them into textual data, the analysis process began with the content analysis method. In data analysis, first the primary codes and then the secondary codes were extracted and finally the data were summarized in three main and final themes of positive experiences, negative experiences and alternative and suggested opinions and a matrix of research themes was drawn. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
207 - Virtue-based spirituality: the need of contemporary mysticism
Reza AkbariMysticism can be studied from many different perspectives such as the nature of mystical experience, objectivity of them and mystical schools. Contemporarily one of the important problems about mysticism is it its function in human beings' life. Perhaps the mysticism co MoreMysticism can be studied from many different perspectives such as the nature of mystical experience, objectivity of them and mystical schools. Contemporarily one of the important problems about mysticism is it its function in human beings' life. Perhaps the mysticism could be reduced to spirituality. Spirituality can be discussed in two layers in a way that the ethic-centered spirituality is the subset of God-centered spirituality. Every God-centered spirituality contains ethic-centered spirituality not vice versa. God-centered spirituality is the favorite goal for all societies but in societies that religion has not its true position, it is worthy as a strategy to regard ethic-centered spirituality an introductory movement for achieving God-centered spirituality. In considering ethic-centered spirituality we should notice both its negative and positive aspects i.e. doing good deeds and refraining from bad deeds, so being careless about bad deeds is nothing but play Satan's game. Each of these two spiritualties has intellectual and practical constituents. The role of moral exemplars in advancing the God-centered spirituality in societies is very efficacious. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - Methods for protecting children and adolescents from damages caused by domination of virtual world
Masood Bagheri shahla moazemi azar alinezhad mehdi mansouriWith the advent of new technologies, criminal phenomenon has been widespread and complicated. Today, the creation of virtual world which is a product of worldwide internet, has led to widening and transformation of social and cultural environment. New circumstances requ MoreWith the advent of new technologies, criminal phenomenon has been widespread and complicated. Today, the creation of virtual world which is a product of worldwide internet, has led to widening and transformation of social and cultural environment. New circumstances require new vision and perspective and if the science of criminology wants to deal correctly with the new circumstances, it has to take new approaches. The new state of affairs has important and different consequences for juveniles and teenagers who are psychologically and emotionally vulnerable .This article using descriptive-analytical method, tries to study the conditions in which values may fall and criminal behaviors may become normal in virtual world. The consequences of the absence of regulation, the appearance of conflicting virtual subcultures which may lead to cultural gaps, conflicts, induction of poverty and competitions in virtual world and finally special capabilities of the internet environment and its effects on juvenile and teenagers are among other topics that are discussed in this article.The purpose of this study is examining and explaining the virtual networks as a role model for juvenile and teenagers who do illegal and dishonest behaviours as well as giving appropriate methods to counter these behaviours.Our results show that the most important method for countering the negative effects of virtual world is social prevention, especially in the form of a society-oriented approach Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
209 - Empowering the student user with a virtual education approach
Faezeh TaghipourThe purpose of this research is to investigate the effective fields of empowering student users in social networks based on the virtual education approach and to obtain operational strategies to adopt new methods in the education of students with the aim of optimal use MoreThe purpose of this research is to investigate the effective fields of empowering student users in social networks based on the virtual education approach and to obtain operational strategies to adopt new methods in the education of students with the aim of optimal use of social networks. This research is a type of qualitative research that was conducted using the foundational data theory. The statistical population of this research was elementary school teachers, university professors in the fields of educational sciences, communication and media, and specialists in the field of media and virtual space, who were face-to-face with the use of theoretical sampling and semi-structured deep interview tools. 31 people as participants, data were collected. Using the obtained categories, the researcher extracted and categorized student application empowerment as the central phenomenon of the studied contract and the causal, background, intervening conditions, consequences and strategies during three stages of open, central and selective coding. In order to ensure the validity and reliability of the research, the interviews with some people were repeated several times and the results of coding in several stages were seen by several experienced professors as well as the interviewees themselves, and in the meantime, the focus groups consisting of participants It was in the research, it was also used several times. Based on the results obtained from the research, strengthening the multidimensional skills of users, self-centered training, planning and diversity in content production, and empowering the student user with a self-efficacy approach were the most important concepts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - Measuring the Effect of Organizational Virtue on Metacognitive Creativity
Zahra Foroutani Atieh Bohrani Fahimeh YazdanmehrBackground :one of the most important sources of sustainable competencies in any system is its creative human resources and the level of progress of each society is related to its creativity. Subject: regarding the importance of the subject, the present study aims to st MoreBackground :one of the most important sources of sustainable competencies in any system is its creative human resources and the level of progress of each society is related to its creativity. Subject: regarding the importance of the subject, the present study aims to study the impact of organizational virtue and its components on metacognitive creativity of high school teachers. Method: this research is applied in terms of its expected results and is descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of the study, the teachers of high school girls in khoy and the tool for measuring variables, were two questionnaires: Standard Organizational Virtue Inventory (Cameron et al., 2004) and Torrance''s Creativity Measurement (1979). SPSS and PLS software were used for data processing and analysis. Findings: findings are show that at the 95% confidence level, the structural pattern of the research has a good fit. Conclusion: the results of the path analysis show that organizational virtue and its three components (optimism, trust and sympathy) have a direct, positive, and meaningful effect on the metacognitive creativity of teachers, however, the effect of two components of coherence and forgiveness on the metacognitive creativity of teachers was not statistically significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
211 - Comparing the effectiveness of two method (TRIZ and brainstorming) on the creativity of the E-learning training students of Khaje Nasir University
A. Amiri D. NorouziObjective: The aim of this article is to compare the efficiency of educational programming with respect to the two innovative methods for solving problems and brainstorming and their influences on creativity of university students who were studying in the E-learning cou MoreObjective: The aim of this article is to compare the efficiency of educational programming with respect to the two innovative methods for solving problems and brainstorming and their influences on creativity of university students who were studying in the E-learning course in the Khaje Nasir University in the first semester of academic year 1388-89. Method: As an experimental method, tow groups were used (one group as control and another as experiment group. This group consisted of Khaje Nasir University first semester students studying in E-learning course of the year 1388-89. The pre-test and post-test program was controlled by the two subsidiary control groups. The two groups were tested twice, the first test was conducted with a pre-test and the second were conducted with a post-test in order to establish it. Results: Results showed that the overall assessment of students at the Khaje Nasir University was higher than that of Brainstorming method. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding specialized questions about online search skills between TRIZ groups and brainstorming group. Conclusion: These findings could have some practical suggestions in applying appropriate teaching methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
212 - Mediating Role of Marital Intimacy in the Relationship of Virtue and Empathy with Relationship Quality of Non-Clinical Couples
fatemeh hajizadeh seyed Ali kimiaee Hadiseh HosseiniPurpose: This research conducted with the aim of investigating was the mediating role of marital intimacy in the relationship between marital virtue and empathy with the quality of marital relationship. Methodology: The current research was a developmental research in MorePurpose: This research conducted with the aim of investigating was the mediating role of marital intimacy in the relationship between marital virtue and empathy with the quality of marital relationship. Methodology: The current research was a developmental research in terms of its purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of its method. The statistical population of the current study was all non-clinical married people living in Mashhad in 2023. Based on Cochran's formula, 400 people were selected as a sample. The sample individuals were selected by available sampling method. The tools used in this research were empathy interest questionnaire of Baron-Cohen (2003), marital intimacy questionnaire of Busby et al (1983), marital virtue questionnaire of Mousavi and Dehshiri (2018), marital relationship quality questionnaire of Thompson and Walker (1995). The data was analyzed by the statistical method of structural equations. Findings: The marital intimacy has a mediating role in the relationship between marital virtue and empathy with marital relationship quality (p<0.5). Also, there was a positive and significant correlation between marital virtue and empathy with marital intimacy and marital relationship quality. Conclusion: The marital virtue and empathy Through marital intimacy, they can predict the quality of marital relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
213 - Providing a model for identifying the components of virtual education for students with physical-motor disabilities
Elaheh AliPourpurpose: To provide a model for identifying the components of virtual education for students with physical-motor disabilities. The research method is descriptive-survey. Method: The statistical population of the study was all managers and coaches of the special educati Morepurpose: To provide a model for identifying the components of virtual education for students with physical-motor disabilities. The research method is descriptive-survey. Method: The statistical population of the study was all managers and coaches of the special education centers in Tehran. The sampling method was carried out through a census. The main research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that had a reliability of 0.79 using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (binomial distribution, Chi-2) were used. Findings: Out of 120 managers and instructors who were questioned, 57 responded to the questionnaire, which is equivalent to 47.5% of the total population. Only 23% of these people have had at least one virtual learning experience with their students. In terms of 60% of surveyed managers and educators, the importance of virtual education for students with physical-motor disabilities was high and very high. Vocational education in the components of time setting training, providing equal opportunity education for children with physical-motor disabilities, parental involvement, access to education, ease of use of educational facilities, acquisition of social skills, communication with others, reduction of training costs For parents, reducing the costs of school education, continuing learning, meeting the students' psychological needs, and increasing the confidence of students was highly and very effective. 11 components were identified to provide an executive model based on the components of virtual education for students with physical-motor disabilities in Iran and a model was designed based on it. Discussion: According to the results of the problems in the level of all 11 components, the average score was reached. Therefore, virtual education can have a positive effect on the educational components of students with physical-motor disabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - First report of tobacco flea Epitrix hirtipennis (Melsheimer, 1847) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from Iran
Neda Kheradpir Erfan MiirzaiiThe alien species tobacco flea Epitrix hirtipennis Melsheimer is reported for the first time for Iranian Chrysomelidae fauna. The first specimen was observed in an eggplant farm from Sargol village in Varamin County (Tehran Province) through mid June; population monitor MoreThe alien species tobacco flea Epitrix hirtipennis Melsheimer is reported for the first time for Iranian Chrysomelidae fauna. The first specimen was observed in an eggplant farm from Sargol village in Varamin County (Tehran Province) through mid June; population monitoring continued till the last week of July, parallel to crop harvesting which the population density raised to 3-4 fleas/leaf; continuously, the flea adults were observed on the second crop rotation at the end of July. The species is native to Nearctic ecozone and since 1983, has been reported from Palearctic region such as Italy, Portuguese, Greece, Bulgaria, Russia and Syria. Some of the other species of Epitrix has been previously reported from different parts of Iran and E. hirtipennis is reported for the first time for Iranian fauna. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - Evaluation of the effectiveness of virtual mathematics teaching based on manipulative mathematical learning in 6th-grade elementary male students in 5th districts of Tehran in Covid-19 pandemic
Mina Alireza Khazabi Hossein Abbasian -
Open Access Article
216 - The Challenges of Learning and Practical Activities of the Undergraduate Biology Curriculum in the Coronavirus Conditions
Wahidullah Abdurahimzai Mahbobeh Arefi Kourosh Fathi Esmail Jafari -
Open Access Article
217 - Virtual Assets from the Internet of Things Perspective
Mohammad Davarpour Mohammad Ahmadinia -
Open Access Article
218 - The effectiveness of virtual education based on positive psychology education on the resilience of students of gifted schools (SAMPAD)
adel khaleghi samarin -
Open Access Article
219 - Virtual sensor design temperature for a dryer using a Kalman filter
arman khaleghi Morteza Mohammadzaheri Hadi Kargar Sharif AbadThis paper aims at introduction, design and validation of a temperature virtual sensor for an infrared dryer. As proposed in this article, a virtual sensor is an algorithm to estimate the temperature at one or some points in a thermal system (e.g. an infrared dryer) bas MoreThis paper aims at introduction, design and validation of a temperature virtual sensor for an infrared dryer. As proposed in this article, a virtual sensor is an algorithm to estimate the temperature at one or some points in a thermal system (e.g. an infrared dryer) based on the measured temperature at a number of other points. In this research, the designed algorithm estimates the temperature of a single point; however, the methodology can be evidently extended to multiple points. Inspired by direct and inverse heat transfer models, a mathematical model is presented for virtual sensing. In the present study, we sensors that report temperature drying are performed, with the help of MATLAB and using a Kalman filter with an alternative estimator algorithm. First dryer with equipment in the lab was built and all the various trials that it was necessary to obtain data on the device. Mathematical models in state-space system were defined and then the least-square algorithm in MATLAB matrix coefficients of the equation of state of the system was identified. Then we just supposed to remove a thermocouple. The obtained model was used for planning the optimal Kalman filter. Next, remove the thermocouple temperature was estimated by the Kalman filter. Compare the actual temperature measured by the temperature and time of desired precision thermocouple measurement algorithms as well as Virtual temperature indicated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Mechaverse: The Iran’s first metaverse of mechanical engineering
Mohammad Hossein DavarpourAlong with the considerable growth of emerging technologies (such as artificial intelligence and big data, internet of things, blockchain, cloud computing, etc.) and expansion of their application in people’s everyday life, one of the technological concepts which MoreAlong with the considerable growth of emerging technologies (such as artificial intelligence and big data, internet of things, blockchain, cloud computing, etc.) and expansion of their application in people’s everyday life, one of the technological concepts which has received more attention recently is the Metaverse or meta-universe. Metaverse as a virtual world is based on Virtual Reality technology and simulates environments, objects, people and their communications in a 3D space and provides a near-reality experience known as immersive experience for users. One of the contexts which is noticeably affected by Metaverse is education. Using VR and Metaverse, we can cope with many existing educational challenges such as space and time limitations, lack of sufficient raw materials, difficulties of equipment maintenance, etc. using cost-effective and low-risk solutions. In this paper, Mechaverse, the Iran’s first domain-specific metaverse of mechanical engineering is introduced which is designed and implemented to provide laboratory courses and skill workshops related to physics and mechanics. Afterwards, necessary tools for development of Mechaverse are described and some defined practical courses and the mechanisms of accessing and using them are discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - Virtual Restoration of Paperwork: Case Study of a Page from Khamse Jami
Ali Tarvijee Bita Sodaei -
Open Access Article
222 - Analysis of Beliefs and Taboos in Popular Culture of Southern Kerman People (Birth and Death Case Study)
Yusuf faryabi Masoumeh Barsam -
Open Access Article
223 - Rethinking the power of place in the age of virtual social media
Hoseyn Reza Keshavarz Ghadimi Manouchehr Tabibian Maryam Moinifar -
Open Access Article
224 - The pathology of responsibility of elementary school students
Gholamreza Raeisi Kheyrabadi Fariba Karimi Narges SaeidianThe aim of the present research was the pathology of responsibility of elementary school students. Method the research was conducted in a qualitative method using qualitative content analysis of the interviews. Data using semi-structured interview technique and theoreti MoreThe aim of the present research was the pathology of responsibility of elementary school students. Method the research was conducted in a qualitative method using qualitative content analysis of the interviews. Data using semi-structured interview technique and theoretical saturation criteria were conducted among 13 primary school specialists and professors of child and adolescents’ psychology. And while analyzing the content and themes, the components, and elements of the pathology of students' responsibility have been extracted. The statistical population was all principals, teachers, and experts of the elementary school in Tehran, Isfahan, and Yazd provinces, from which a stratum proportional to the size of 480 people was randomly selected. All the interviews were simultaneously recorded and transcribed Findings the obtained findings included 98 concept codes that differed in 6 main concepts with sub-concepts categorized. The main cocept includes injuries related to the educational system with 2 sub-concepts and 12 concept codes, school related injuries with 2 sub-concepts and 16 concept codes, family injuries with 4 sub-concepts and 33 concept codes, student injuries with 2 sub-concepts and 18 concept codes, syber damages with 2 sub-concepts and 9 concept codes, and educational and cultural factors with 2 sub-concepts and 10 concept codes. According to the findings, it is suggested that principals, teachers, and parents pay special attention to these components for identifying the harms and teaching responsibility ways to children and adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
225 - Explaining the necessity of a virtual mathematics curriculum for elementary education
Mina Alireza Khazabi Alireza Araghieh Zahra Rahimi Abbas KhorshidiThe aim of the present research was to analyze and explain the necessity of a virtual mathematics curriculum for elementary education. The research method employed was content analysis, and the statistical population consisted of previous studies and documents that were MoreThe aim of the present research was to analyze and explain the necessity of a virtual mathematics curriculum for elementary education. The research method employed was content analysis, and the statistical population consisted of previous studies and documents that were aligned with the criteria of the present research. A sample of 36 articles was selected for examination using purposive sampling. In this study, a qualitative approach was used to analyze the data based on the content analysis method, categorizing the data into fundamental themes, organizing themes, and overarching themes. All key points and important ideas related to the virtual mathematics curriculum for elementary education were identified as fundamental themes within three important domains: technology, teacher, and student. Subsequently, through the analysis of the primary data, co-grouping codes with similar concepts were combined, and organizing themes emerged. In the next stage, these themes were identified and determined as overarching themes in four components: objectives, content, teaching methods, and assessment methods for the virtual mathematics curriculum for elementary education. Finally, based on the identified organizing and overarching themes, a thematic network related to the topic of virtual mathematics education was depicted. According to the findings of the present research, focusing on the drawn thematic network can significantly contribute to identifying influential factors in the virtual mathematics curriculum and shedding light on its unknown dimensions. It can serve as a foundation for further studies and research in this field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - Fuzzy Identification and Prioritization of Virtual Education Challenges in Preschool during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic
Hossein Chaharbashloo mahdeye abgoonThe current study aims at identifying and prioritizing the challenges of virtual education in preschool during and after the COVOD-19 pandemic. The present study can be considered among mixed-method (qualitative-quantitative) research studies in terms of its (data colle MoreThe current study aims at identifying and prioritizing the challenges of virtual education in preschool during and after the COVOD-19 pandemic. The present study can be considered among mixed-method (qualitative-quantitative) research studies in terms of its (data collection) methodology. The qualitative part of the study was conducted through research synthesis (purposeful selection of select articles) and phenomenological method (semi-structured interviews with preschool teachers). In the quantitative phase of the research, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method was used to identify and rank-order the relevant challenges. The sample of the study in the phase of extracting challenges and their indicators included all the articles related to virtual preschool education (during and after the COVID-19 pandemic) as well as preschool teachers; for this quantitative phase, in particular, the experts including 21 trainers (preschool teachers) and 15 specialists from the National Organization of Child Education and Training were purposefully selected. To analyze the qualitative and quantitative data, qualitative content analysis method in three levels and Chang's Fuzzy method were used. Based on the data analysis findings, 5 components as well as 34 indicators were identified as influential in terms of the challenges of preschool virtual education. The identified challenges in order of their importance include: content and education (30.70), infrastructure (27.54), educators (22.30), children (14.38) and parents (5.09). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Evaluating the role of learning models based on ICT in the creative thinking of female students in the fourth grade of elementary school in district 2 of Tehran from the point of view of educational managers and teachers.
reza fazlalizadehObjective: To evaluate the role of learning patterns based on ICT in the creative thinking of female students of the fourth grade of elementary school in district 2 of Tehran from the point of view of educational managers and teachers. Method: In terms of purpose, this MoreObjective: To evaluate the role of learning patterns based on ICT in the creative thinking of female students of the fourth grade of elementary school in district 2 of Tehran from the point of view of educational managers and teachers. Method: In terms of purpose, this research is of the type of applied research, its implementation using the contextual method. The statistical population consisted of educational administrators and teachers of the fourth grade elementary school for girls in the 2nd district of Tehran, and the sample size was 30 for educational administrators and 60 for teachers using the Karjesi and Morgan table, which were selected by stratified random sampling. The tool for collecting information is a researcher-made questionnaire that has 50 combined questions of ICT and creative thinking in its 4 dimensions. Its face and content validity has been confirmed by experts and its reliability is 0.98 using Cronbach's alpha. In order to answer the research questions in the field of descriptive statistics (frequency and graph) and to analyze the data, in the field of inferential statistics, considering the assumption of non-normal distribution of data and that the measurement scale is nominal, Chi-square test was used. The findings and results showed that the evaluation of the role of learning models based on ICT in the creative thinking of elementary school girls in Tehran from the perspective of educational managers and teachers is different in two dimensions of flexibility and expansion and the same in two dimensions of fluidity and innovation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - Presenting a model of the current and desired quality of educational services in the virtual education system of the Islamic Azad University of Bushehr province and its accreditation
Farideh Sadeghzadeh moJtaba moazzami Amineh Ahmadi hosseinali jahedThe purpose of this research was to provide a model of the current and desired quality of educational services in the virtual education system of the Islamic Azad University of Bushehr province and its accreditation. The current research was applied in terms of purpose MoreThe purpose of this research was to provide a model of the current and desired quality of educational services in the virtual education system of the Islamic Azad University of Bushehr province and its accreditation. The current research was applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of data, descriptive, analytical and survey in nature and targeted and accessible sampling method. In order to collect data, in the qualitative part, the interview method with experts was used, and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire was used. The statistical population in the qualitative section included experts with a doctorate degree and having at least 10 years of experience in the field of online education, and in the quantitative section, 10,000 users of the virtual education system of Azad University. The findings showed that the average of all dimensions and components of educational requirements, interaction with other virtual educational groups, devoting more hours to online education, flexibility, aesthetic requirements, technological factors, capabilities to reduce online restrictions, content requirements, e-learning management system, appropriate course content , the requirements of extra-organizational participation, the infrastructure of the virtual education system, the quality of the service delivery system, the perceived support quality, the process requirements, the quality of the behavior of the virtual education supervisors and the application of the virtual education standards have been measured above the average; In other words, the current status of the quality of educational services in the virtual education system of Azad University is favorable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - Measuring the compliance of the educational content of the Shad program based on approved educational standards in the preschool period
bahareh kanani soheila hossainpour fereshte afkariThe present study was conducted with the aim of measuring the compliance of the educational content of the happy program based on the standards approved by education in the preschool period. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive research method in MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of measuring the compliance of the educational content of the happy program based on the standards approved by education in the preschool period. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive research method in terms of survey type. The statistical population of this research is the teachers working in the preschool centers of Sanandaj city, which were 1500 people. 306 people were selected using available sampling method using Karjesi and Morgan table. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, its validity was confirmed by professors and educational science experts, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.73. To analyze the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Friedman test, independent t test and one-way analysis of variance were used. From the point of view of the trainers, the degree of conformity of the content of the happy program with the approved standards, respectively; Teaching the use of the five senses, sensorimotor and emotional skills, elementary teaching of body parts, their uses and characteristics, teaching personal and social health tips and issues, teaching individual and community rights in children, introducing children to religious and national figures, teaching and familiarizing with letters Alphabet, numbers and vocabulary have the least compatibility with the teaching of moral, religious and educational issues. The content of Shad educational program complies with seven educational standards. At the level of indicators, the compliance rate is low. Keywords: Educational standard, preschool, content, happy program, virtual. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - How virtual English language Teaching Can be Used to Address Emotional Regulation, Anger Control, Among Iranian Housewives
Sara Amiri Neda Fatehi Rad valeh jalali -
Open Access Article
231 - چگونه می توان از آموزش مجازی زبان انگلیسی برای تنظیم هیجانی، کنترل خشم، در میان زنان خانه دار ایرانی استفاده کرد؟
Sara Amiri Neda Fatehi Rad valeh jalali -
Open Access Article
232 - A Fuzzy Fault Tolerant Controller Design Based on Virtual Sensor for a DC Microgrid
Alireza Galavizh Amir Hossein Hassanabadi -
Open Access Article
233 - A MAPE-K Loop Based Model for Virtual Machine Consolidation in Cloud Data Centers
Negin Najafizadegan Eslam Nazemi Vahid Khajehvand -
Open Access Article
234 - The Effect of using Virtual Reality Game on Health and Fitness
Seyed Amirhossein Mousavi Ehsan Tahami Majid Zare Bidaki -
Open Access Article
235 - Explaining the role of the concept of touch in the buying behavior of customers of physical and online stores
meisam aminzadeh vahedi Seyed Hamid khodadad Hosseini Beitollah Akbari MoghadamThis research aims to explore the impact of touch concepts and tactile descriptive adjectives on customers' purchase intentions in both physical and online shopping environments. While some products can be accurately perceived through digital media, others may require a MoreThis research aims to explore the impact of touch concepts and tactile descriptive adjectives on customers' purchase intentions in both physical and online shopping environments. While some products can be accurately perceived through digital media, others may require a tactile experience. In today's market, products are available through virtual and physical stores, where the sense of touch or tactile alternatives plays a crucial role. The study utilized a correlational method and focused on customers of online and physical stores in Tehran. A total of 332 participants were randomly selected from both populations, and data was collected through questionnaires and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings indicate that six key factors related to touch concepts, such as product understanding, physical touch, virtual touch, touch experiences, customer's need for touch, and tactile perceptions, positively and significantly influence customers' purchase intentions. A comparison of the coefficients between the two groups revealed that product understanding and touch experiences were similar, while physical touch and customer's need for touch were more pronounced in physical store customers, and virtual touch and tactile perceptions were more prominent in online customers. This study sheds light on the importance of product touch in both online and physical retail settings for enhancing customer satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
236 - Exploring the Traits and Behaviors of Spiritual Followers Using Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference Systems
Syyad Mehdi Alvani Golamreza Memarzadeh Tehran Mahmood Alborzi Hosein KazemiWith the entry of spirituality in the research of organizations and management, a considerable improvement has occurred. For a long time, spirituality excluded from surveying, but increasing research showed that it related to and integrated a lot of results in individua MoreWith the entry of spirituality in the research of organizations and management, a considerable improvement has occurred. For a long time, spirituality excluded from surveying, but increasing research showed that it related to and integrated a lot of results in individual, organizational and society levels. Recent studies in the realm of spirituality and spiritual leadership, only paid attention to spiritual leader and spiritual workplace, and ignored the roles of followers in leadership equation. This paper, with a developmental approach, and after using experts' opinions, aims to identify the traits and behaviors of spiritual followers and explore the roles of them in the leadership effectiveness. After analyzing data, using adaptive neural fuzzy inference systems, the results show that followers' virtue, critical thinking, active engagement, self-awareness and altruism have a significance role in exploring leadership effectiveness and the roles of followers' maturity and self-esteem, in leadership effectiveness, are not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
237 - Impact of information technology on organizational behavior (The role of virtually on the behavior of team members)
Mohammad Rahim Ramazanian Atiyeh Safar Doust Farzaneh AbdollahianToday's organizations are largely focused on team structures to carry out their duties more effectively. For developing of the teams in organization that use information technology to communicate between members are in order to meet the dynamics of the environment. Usin MoreToday's organizations are largely focused on team structures to carry out their duties more effectively. For developing of the teams in organization that use information technology to communicate between members are in order to meet the dynamics of the environment. Using of these technologies can have different effects on the individual’s relationship between groups and organizations. One of the effects of group-level concept as the formation of virtually of teams that are discussed in this study. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of virtually, as a moderator variable on relationship between conflict, trust and cooperation. For this purpose we examined virtually of teams in organizations of Guilan Province Science and Technology Park. The Samples are 261 members of the teams that are randomly selected. To achieve the objectives and evaluate hypotheses, correlation and multiple regression test were used. The results show that virtual amount of conflict on respect, trust and cooperation also differ by effect. Results indicate that the virtually affects the relationship between conflict, trust, and cooperation. And increase the negative relationship between conflict and trust and reduce the positive relationship between trust and cooperation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
238 - Cell forming and cell balancing of virtual cellular manufacturing systems with alternative processing routes using genetic algorithm
Adib Hosseini Mohammad Mahdi Paydar Iraj Mahdavi Javid Jouzdani -
Open Access Article
239 - Production Planning and Control Strategies Used as A Gear Train for The Death and Birth of Manufacturing Industries
Alie Wube Dametew Danile Ketaw Ebinger Frank -
Open Access Article
240 - Presenting the sense of place model of public spaces in the era of virtual spaces with Grounded theory (case study: public space in the center of Rasht city)
Hoseyn Reza Keshavarz Ghadimi Manouchehr Tabibian Maryam MoinifarAmong many theories regarding the relationship between space and humans, the concept of sense of place is the most widely used theory to explain the existence of place. From the environmental psychology perspective, humans need specific sensory, emotional, and spiritual MoreAmong many theories regarding the relationship between space and humans, the concept of sense of place is the most widely used theory to explain the existence of place. From the environmental psychology perspective, humans need specific sensory, emotional, and spiritual experiences of the environment in which they are. These needs can be met through intimate interaction and identification with the place where they attend. This interaction, which is called the sense of place, is an important factor in the harmony between the human and the environment and leads to better use of the environment, the users' satisfaction with the environment, and ultimately, a sense of belonging, continuity of presence and use, and increased quality of life. The sense of place physically and psychologically leads to the connection between an individual and the place and enhances his attachment to the place. Although the topic of sense of place is not new, the need to pay attention to it from new angles has been emphasized in recent years. The creation of new social spaces and its expansion has had an impact on human social life. contemporary man can experience a space in which he has never been physically present. Therefore, it seems that the emergence of the digital age and the increasing number of users of virtual spaces can affect the concept of "sense of place". The present study aims to analyze the sense of place in public spaces in the age of virtual media and present a theoretical model to help improve citizens' sense of place in public spaces. There are two main research questions:1. What are the most important factors affecting the sense of place in real and virtual public spaces? and 2. How was the sense of place of the users of the public space in the center of Rasht city, and how has it changed in the last decade? To answer the first question, Sandelowski and Barroso's Meta-Synthesis Method and CASP checklists are used. To answer the second research question, the Grounded Theory method is used. In this part of the research, the main assumption states that the sense of place of the users of the public space in the center of Rasht City seems to have changed in the last decade. Because, it has experienced extensive physical changes (due to regeneration in 2016) on the one hand, and the spread of virtual media has affected all aspects of urban life, from employment to social interactions, on the other hand. In the open coding phase of the grounded theory method, 537 codes were extracted from 15 detailed interviews with experts and professionals in the research field, and finally, 18 categories were identified. The results of this stage include the formation of basic concepts and the resulting codes. Also, on a scale higher than the codes, an attempt was made to identify a more abstract concept to place them in categories representing the characteristics of the codes by comparing the codes with each other. The research results show that the expansion of virtual spaces has been effective in changing the sense of place of citizens in objective social spaces. This effect is observed in all three dimensions of activity, body, and meaning in urban spaces and it occurs in the form of the human scale, meaning, body, performance, environment, art and beauty, and non-physical and physical components. The public space in the center of Rasht City has witnessed more invitations and pauses and the emergence of new behaviors in the last decade. Categories such as acceptance of others, identity, hangout, etc. are the causes and consequences of this issue. Also, the spread of virtual media influences the interaction between humans and space, and thereby, the sense of place in a geographical place. So, by regarding it as the core category in grounded theory, the sense of place can show the relationships between categories and concepts. Using modern technologies in public spaces, designing a particular route for using mobile phones while walking, establishing urban furniture in the right number, with the right design, and in the right place, designing and implementing 24-hour lighting, supporting the presence of itinerant artists, and properly planning the climate comfort of pedestrians are among the research suggestions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - Analyzing the lived experiences of teachers during the Corona era and providing a practical model for implementing the evaluation process in post-corona combined education
Behrang Esmaeili shadThe purpose of the current research was to analyze the lived experiences of teachers during the Corona era and provide a practical model for implementing the evaluation process in post-Corona combined education. In terms of purpose, the research was applied, and in term MoreThe purpose of the current research was to analyze the lived experiences of teachers during the Corona era and provide a practical model for implementing the evaluation process in post-Corona combined education. In terms of purpose, the research was applied, and in terms of method, it was a qualitative study that was conducted in a phenomenological way. The statistical population included all the teachers of the first secondary schools of North Khorasan province, numbering 1478 people. In the current research, a purposeful snowball sampling method was used, and 20 people were selected as a statistical sample. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The data was analyzed using the Coley method. According to the results of the research, the opportunities of virtual education from the teachers' point of view are: teacher-oriented opportunities (improving media literacy and information knowledge, eliminating expensive traffic, teachers' efforts to make the teaching environment attractive and stimulating, raising the Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - Predicting Virtual Networks Addiction Based on Students' Feelings of Loneliness, Communication Skills, Social Intelligence, and Emotional Intelligence
Mahdokht Roostazadeh Fatemeh RezaeiThe purpose of this study was to predict addiction to virtual networks based on feelings of loneliness, communication skills, social intelligence and emotional intelligence. The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study consist MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict addiction to virtual networks based on feelings of loneliness, communication skills, social intelligence and emotional intelligence. The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study consisted of all high school students of Isfahan city in the academic year of 1979-1999 with a total number of about 36,000. 380 individuals (161 males and 194 females) were selected as the sample of the study using Morgan and Krejcie's table by multistage cluster sampling. In order to collect data from the EHQ Mobile Affiliate Questionnaires (1395), Dietomaso et al. (2004), Barton's Communication Skills (1990), Silva et al.'s Social Intelligence (2001), Emotional Intelligence Siberia Shering (1996) was used. Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results of data analysis showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and addiction to virtual networks and a negative relationship between communication skills and feelings of loneliness with addiction to virtual networks. Emotional intelligence has the greatest power to predict addiction to virtual networks. There was a positive relationship between social loneliness and addiction to virtual networks, while there was a negative relationship between family loneliness and feedback skills with addiction to virtual networks and a positive and significant relationship between self-awareness, self-regulation and empathy with addiction to virtual networks. Overall, feelings of loneliness, weak communication skills, social intelligence, and low emotional intelligence can increase students' addiction to virtual networks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - Dual Identities in Virtual and Real Space based on the Lived Experiences of Teenagers; Thematic analysis
Behjat Shahabi Anbaran Ali Jafari Shahnaz Hashemi mMohammad SoltanifarToday, the media in the virtual space have created a paradigm, unlike the traditional media, where the audience is faced with two real and virtual worlds. The purpose of the current research was to identify dual identities in virtual and real space based on the lived ex MoreToday, the media in the virtual space have created a paradigm, unlike the traditional media, where the audience is faced with two real and virtual worlds. The purpose of the current research was to identify dual identities in virtual and real space based on the lived experiences of teenagers, which was conducted using the qualitative research method and thematic analysis method. 16 participants (students) were selected using purposive sampling and were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling continued until theoretical data saturation was reached. Data were analyzed based on Brown and Clark's thematic analysis process and using MAXQDA software. Data analysis into 274 primary codes in 18 basic themes and 6 main themes including "family identity", "religious identity", "cultural identity", "national identity", "ethnic identity", "" and "gender identity" classification became. The results showed that real and virtual space has led to the formation of different and sometimes dual identities in teenagers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - Evaluation the happiness and mirth in elementary schools in the view of teachers and managers of the Grammar city
Hamid Shafizadeh Mahbobeh AkbariThe purpose of this research is to assess the happiness and mirth on elementary schools in the view of teachers and managers of the Garmsar's "training and educating" organization, in which studies on aspects and elements of happiness and mirth has been done. The resear MoreThe purpose of this research is to assess the happiness and mirth on elementary schools in the view of teachers and managers of the Garmsar's "training and educating" organization, in which studies on aspects and elements of happiness and mirth has been done. The research is applicable in the purpose aspect, and descriptive-survey in the research method. The statistical society in this research includes all of the teachers and managers of the elementary level in Garmsar which reaches something about 360 persons. For sampling it has used the simple random sampling, so the number of the samples by using the "Morgan", was considered approximately 186 persons. In this research 186 questionnaire have spread and then collected randomly among managers and teachers of the elementary school level of Garmsar. From all 186 speeded questionnaires, 180 ones have analyzed completely. In this research it has been used "closed" questionnaire and the researcher himself prepared the questions of it. In the questions of questionnaire which has used for assessing the primary variables, it has used the 5 choice "Likert" scale. The alpha factor of "Kronbakh" of the whole questions of the questionnaire 0.806 has determined. It has used the "Cronbach”‘s alpha for deliberation of the questionnaire's reliability, the "kolmogroph- smirnoph" 's test for checking if the society is normal or not, the single sample "t" and double sample "t" for deny or accept of the hypothesizes of the research, the "freedman" test for ranking, and the independent "T" test and analyzing variance (ANOVA) test for reviewing the role of demographic variables. The results of research showed that all of the happiness and mirth elements in elementary schools of Garmsar like physical, educational, personal, and emotional factors exist from the teachers and managers point of view. All of the elements and factors of creating happiness and mirth in schools are at the fair level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
245 - Assessment of the current situation from the perspective of teachers in primary schools managers’ happiness education Garmsar city
Hamid Shafizadeh Mahboube AkbariThe purpose of this research is to assess the happiness and mirth on elementary schools in the view of teachers and managers of the Garmsar's "training and educating" organization, in which studies on aspects and elements of happiness and mirth has been done. The resear MoreThe purpose of this research is to assess the happiness and mirth on elementary schools in the view of teachers and managers of the Garmsar's "training and educating" organization, in which studies on aspects and elements of happiness and mirth has been done. The research is applicable in the purpose aspect, and descriptive-survey in the research method.The statistical society in this research includes all of the teachers and managers of the elementary level in Garmsar which reaches something about 360 persons. For sampling it has used the simple random sampling, so the number of the samples by using the "Morgan", was considered approximately 186 persons. In this research 186 questionnaire have spread and then collected randomly among managers and teachers of the elementary school level of Garmsar. From all 186 spreaded questionnaires, 180 ones have analyzed completely. In this research it has been used "closed" questionnaire and the researcher himself prepared the questions of it. In the questions of questionnaire which has used for assessing the primary variables, it has used the 5 choice "Likert" scale. The alpha factor of "Kronbakh" of the whole questions of the questionnaire 0.806 has determined.It has used the "kronbakh" 's alpha for deliberation of the questionnaire's reliability, the "kolmogroph- smirnoph" 's test for checking if the society is normal or not, the single sample "t" and double sample "t" for deny or accept of the hypothesizes of the research, the "freadman" test for ranking, and the independent "T" test and analyzing variance (ANOVA) test for reviewing the role of demographic variables. The results of research showed that all of the happiness and mirth elements in elementary schools of Garmsar like physical, educational, personal, and emotional factors exists from the teachers and managers point of view. All of the elements and factors of creating happiness and mirth in schools are at the fair level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
246 - Study of the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with happiness in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University
Mehran samadi Shahla AmirdavarThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with happiness in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University in the 2015-2016 academic years. The research method was a MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with happiness in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University in the 2015-2016 academic years. The research method was analytical survey. The statistical society of this research included undergraduate female students of Tabriz Islamic Azad University living in dormitory in the 2015-2016school year. According to the obtained data, the statistical population included 390 persons. Due to limiting and availability of the total statistical population, the sample size in this study including 350 students from among the 390 students living in the dormitory, who use the virtual social networks. The data collection tool was a questionnaire designed by the researcher based on a theoretical framework. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Theoretical framework of the research was based on "Two-globalization paradigm theory "and Blumer and Katz "used - impact theory". The results showed that, in general, the happiness of the majority of participants (9/48 percent) are moderate, Also the results indicated that there is a significant relationship between the amount and type of membership in virtual social networks and happiness in undergraduate female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
247 - Predicting attitudes toward Extra Marital Relationship based on the use of virtual social networks, personality traits, and early maladaptive schemas in women
Mehdi Sharifi Mahsa Vaseghi Ali Hoseinaei Alireza GhorbaniThe extramarital affair as a distressing experience, as well as one of the main reasons for divorce and the breakdown of marital life, is an issue that couples therapists face on a regular basis. Several factors can be In this issue. The aim of this study was to predict MoreThe extramarital affair as a distressing experience, as well as one of the main reasons for divorce and the breakdown of marital life, is an issue that couples therapists face on a regular basis. Several factors can be In this issue. The aim of this study was to predict attitudes toward extramarital affairs based on the use of virtual social networks, personality traits and early maladaptive schemas. The statistical population included all couples referring to Gonbad city counseling clinics. To collect the data, Mark Watley's (2006) attitude questionnaire to transnational relationships, Yang's short schema form (1994), Neo's personality five-question assessment questionnaire (1985), and social networking questionnaire of Jahanbani (2018) were used. The results of the correlation coefficient and regression analysis showed that there is a significant correlation between the use of virtual social networks and attitudes towards transnational relations. There is also a significant relationship between neuroticism and agreement with attitudes toward transnational relationships. In addition, there is a significant correlation between early maladaptive schemas and attitudes toward extramarital affairs. Therefore, according to the research results, it is hoped that by training the necessary skills in the use of virtual social networks and also examining personality traits and early maladaptive schemas in premarital counseling to a large extent, the necessary can be done. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
248 - Study of the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with happiness aggression in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University
Mahran Samadi Shahla AmirdavarThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with aggression in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University in the 2015-2016 academic years. The research method is a MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the amount and type of activity on virtual social networks with aggression in undergraduate students living in dormitories at Tabriz Azad University in the 2015-2016 academic years. The research method is analytical survey. The statistical society of this research included undergraduate girl students of Tabriz Islamic Azad University living in dormitory in the 2015-2016school year. According to the obtained data, the statistical society size was at total 390 persons. Due to limiting and availability of the total statistical society, the sample size in this study including 350 students from among the 390 students living in the dormitory, who use the virtual social networks. The data collection tool is a questionnaire designed by the researcher based on a theoretical framework. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Theoretical framework of the research was based on "Two-globalization paradigm theory "and Blumer and Katz "used - impact theory". The results showed that, in general, the happiness of the majority of respondents students (9/48 percent) are moderate, the aggression levels of majority of respondents (9/42 percent) was also moderate. Also the results indicated that there is a significant relationship between the amount and type of membership in virtual social networks aggression in undergraduate girl students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
249 - The relationship between the amount of presence and activity in cyberspace with the degree Of Marital adjustment among married men and women referring to Urmia counseling centers
davod ebrahimpoor ebrahim nakhshipourThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the amount of presence and activity in cyberspace and the degree of marital adjustment among married men and women referring to counseling centers in Urmia. The research method was descriptive-correla MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the amount of presence and activity in cyberspace and the degree of marital adjustment among married men and women referring to counseling centers in Urmia. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study was all married men and women referring to counseling centers in Urmia in 1395 with a total of 1107 people. The sample size was estimated using Cochran's formula of 285 people and selected by simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. In order to measure the presence and activity in cyberspace, a researcher made questionnaire was used and Spinner and Thompson (1976) questionnaire were used to measure marital adjustment. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed by the judges and reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test. For the presence and activity questionnaires in cyberspace 0.82 and marital adjustment was 0.84. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and regression. According to the results, the presence and activity in cyberspace has a negative and significant relationship with the level of marital adjustment among married men and women referring to counseling centers of Urmia Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
250 - Presenting a model in order to transform the performance of the Islamic Republic of Iran's radio and television from the perspective of the sociology of mass communication
Roghayeh Ali mohammad Mastoreh Ezzatzadeh Syed Abdullah Sajjadi Jaghargh Afsaneh Mozafari legendRadio and Television of the Islamic Republic of Iran, as the only legal radio and television in the country, is facing major challenges to enter the virtual space. The lack of proper understanding of the requirements of virtual space has caused this media to not be able MoreRadio and Television of the Islamic Republic of Iran, as the only legal radio and television in the country, is facing major challenges to enter the virtual space. The lack of proper understanding of the requirements of virtual space has caused this media to not be able to have a serious presence in the field of virtual space and social networks. The purpose of the research was to determine the opportunities, threats, weaknesses and strengths of the broadcasting organization to operate in the virtual space and also to know the causal relationships between the consequences and components of the transformation in the functioning of the virtual space of the broadcasting. The type of research was applied and the research method was survey. The statistical population consisted of all managers and senior experts of the Broadcasting Organization in the field of virtual space in the deputy space of virtual space and other deputy offices in the number of 152 people. The sample size was determined by Cochran's formula to the number of 109 people. The statistical sample was selected using stratified random sampling method. Based on the results of the tests, the transformation components of the broadcasting organization have a positive, direct and significant effect on the consequences of the transformation of the broadcasting organization. The effect of turning threats in radio and television for social media activity into opportunities for social media activity is meaningful, positive and direct. Weaknesses in radio and television for social media activity have a positive, direct and significant effect on radio and television strengths for social media activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - Investigating the impact of urban public spaces and virtual spaces in the formation of public opinion
Behnam Ghasemzadeh Samad Rasoulzadeh Aghdam Kasra Rahbaripour The spread of modern information technology influences daily lifestyle and behavioral patterns of community in all global societies, and urban spaces also affected by this rapid spread. This vulnerability not only exists on the surrounding physical and tangible More The spread of modern information technology influences daily lifestyle and behavioral patterns of community in all global societies, and urban spaces also affected by this rapid spread. This vulnerability not only exists on the surrounding physical and tangible environments but also the community is influenced by both physical and virtual environments. Responding to the human social needs and providing necessary opportunities for him to gain social experiences require spaces and settlements (behavioral-physical). Public space is considered as a great capacity in responding to this aspect of human life in urban societies. Hence, the present article investigates public spaces and their role on the formation of citizens' public thoughts. Due to the issue and facilities in this study, survey method is considered for gathering information. In this study, the statistical population is Tabriz citizens and the sample is 300 people who were randomly selected from different neighborhoods. T-test, variance analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression were used to examine research hypotheses. The findings indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between each of the main variables in the study (age, sex, public spaces, facilities of public spaces and virtual spaces) and dependent variables (the rate of using urban public spaces and virtual spaces by people, the rate of citizens security and emergence of public opinion). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - Investigating the relationship between use of virtual (social) networks and family cohesion among city of Naghade families
Rubabe Porjebeli Seyyede Samane RezaieThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of social networks and the social cohesion of families in Naghade. The population of the research was all family households (23706) in Naghade among whom 378 individuals chosen as a sample using C MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of social networks and the social cohesion of families in Naghade. The population of the research was all family households (23706) in Naghade among whom 378 individuals chosen as a sample using Cochran formula and multi-stage random cluster sampling method. In the present study a researcher-made questionnaire was used as a research tool. The validity and reliability was tested by alpha cronbach. Based on the results obtained, there was a reverse and significant relationship between the amount of use of virtual networks and the cohesion of the family. In examining the family cohesion, the relationship between variables of the degree of desirability of marital relationships and parent-child relationships with the amount of use of virtual networks is significant and inverse. But there was no significant correlation between the amount of use of virtual networks and the degree of desirability of family relationships. Also there was no significant difference between the type of activity in virtual networks and the integration of families. Finally, the degree of family cohesion was different in terms of educational level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
253 - The study of the associated factors with the social security of virtual social networks users (Case study of Azad University of Tabriz)
Reza Mohassel Safar HayatiThe aim of the present research is studying and understanding of the factors related to the amount of social security feeling of users in virtual social networks. The research method was survey from analytical type. The Statistical Society of this research was all stude MoreThe aim of the present research is studying and understanding of the factors related to the amount of social security feeling of users in virtual social networks. The research method was survey from analytical type. The Statistical Society of this research was all students of Tabriz Islamic Azad University in the academic year 93-94; the sample size was determined by using the Cochrane formula as 378 and for increasing confidence coefficient was raised to 400 people. Sample size was selected by simple random sampling from multistage cluster type to respond to the questionnaire. Data collecting tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and they were analyzed by SPSS software. The theoretical framework of the study based on the theories of “trust”, such as Bernard Barber, Nicholas loman, David Johnson, CellassOfeh", theories of "the sense of security," such as the school of Copenhagen, dorakim, Parsons, Marx, Mazlu, Merton, Bari Buzan","Theory of religious affiliations," David Dersler","the theory of participation by James Colman, John Alester, Gary Bekero. Findings of this study show that the level of social security feeling in virtual networks for majority of respondents is moderate (65 %). Also the most important results of this study show that: There is significant relationship between age, level of education, amount of presence of people in virtual social networks, religious affiliations of respondents, interpersonal trust between respondents, the amount of the use of content of shared materials and participation of respondents in the activities of a social network and security feeling that they have in a virtual social network. Also, there is no relationship between the marital state and gender of respondents and their level of adherence to cultural values and social security which they feel in virtual social networks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - Sociological Studyof the relationship between Facebook Social Network and Fashionism in Women of Tabriz City
Samad Rasoulzadeh Aghdam Samad Adlipour Seyyed Ahmad MirmohammadtabarIn­ the presentage, modern information and communication technologies which have resulted in fading spatial and temporal borders, have caused the expansion of personal values among cultures which have the possibility of presenting more of these values in the world. MoreIn­ the presentage, modern information and communication technologies which have resulted in fading spatial and temporal borders, have caused the expansion of personal values among cultures which have the possibility of presenting more of these values in the world. Virtual social networks such as Facebook are among the most important instruments of promoting such cultural values in societies. In the present study the effect of Facebook Social Network on the fashionism of girls and women of the city of Tabriz is studied. The study was conducted using a survey research with the instrument of a researcher-made questionnaire distributed among 15 to45yearold women in Tabriz in 2014 with relying on the Structuration Theory of Giddens, Cultivation Theory, and Satisfaction Theory. The sampling method was the stratified sampling. Findings of the present study indicates that, there is a significant and positive correlation between the duration of membership of users in Facebook, the degree of using Facebook, purposive use of Facebook, the degree of participation and activity of users in Facebook and fashionism, and also, this social network plays a significant role in the tendency to fashionism among women and girls. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - The analysis of the relationship between the use of Facebook social network and gender identity among Tabriz University students
Pouyan Ehyayi Morteza Mobarak BakhshayeshThe communications revolution and globalization in present era have had a big impact on different aspects of human life of which the impact of internet and social networks on identities is the most important. New media especially internet with the change in the concepts MoreThe communications revolution and globalization in present era have had a big impact on different aspects of human life of which the impact of internet and social networks on identities is the most important. New media especially internet with the change in the concepts of time and space, change in the new forms of communication and introducing new identity references cause to the emergence of new identities and unstable mentalities. In this paper the between the impact of Facebook on youngers’ identity has been considered. It is a survey and the data gathered using a researcher-made questionnaire among Facebook users in Tabriz University in 92-93 educational years. The results show that, the users’ gender identity is affected by the membership in the Facebook. High and persistent use of Facebook can cause to gender identification disorder. Also, there is a meaningful relationship between gender and the use of Facebook. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - Study of Iranian young users’ attitudes towards virtual social networks
Samad Rasoulzadeh Aghdam Samad Adlipour Youssef ZeinivandRegarding the increasing proliferation of virtual social networks many supporting and opposing views and ideas are presented regarding the nature of these networks, their applications and functions and the reason why Iranian users become members of these networks. Also, MoreRegarding the increasing proliferation of virtual social networks many supporting and opposing views and ideas are presented regarding the nature of these networks, their applications and functions and the reason why Iranian users become members of these networks. Also, each view imagines functions and capabilities for these environments and their users. Accordingly, the objective of the present study is to study the most important media needs of Iranian young users in using virtual social networks by utilizing Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT). Therefore, 460 participants were selected among the users that are members of social networks in Tabriz employing availability and voluntary sampling method. The findings of the research indicate that there is a significant correlation between emotional (entertaining and recreation), cognitive (obtaining news and information), and social needs and tendency to use virtual social networks. In addition, there is a difference in users’ media needs which are: emotional, cognitive, social and political needs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
257 - Phenomenological Analysis of the of Tabriz Women’s Tendency to Facebook Social Network
Samad Razoulzadeh Aghdam Samad Adlipour Hakimeh Malek AhmadiAt present time, with the outstanding entry of women and girls in the virtual space, internet and cyber social networks have had a lot of effects on them. One of the most important effects can be considered as the process of “womanization” (feminization) of MoreAt present time, with the outstanding entry of women and girls in the virtual space, internet and cyber social networks have had a lot of effects on them. One of the most important effects can be considered as the process of “womanization” (feminization) of modern media. Womenization (feminization) refers to the process of qualitative and quantitative expansion of the presence, roles, and influences of women and their desires, interests, and characteristics in different dimension and grounds of social, economic, political, and cultural life of the contemporary society. Therefore, the present study is to investigate the reasons for the presence of Tabriz women and girls in Facebook Social Network. The present study was conducted using the qualitative method and employing the phenomenological approach.The technique of deep semi-structured interview was employed for collecting data. Tabriz women aged from 18 to 30 years who were users of Facebook for at least two years were selected as the population. In fact, 16 women of these users were selected as sample using the purposive sampling method. From theanalysis of participants’ interviews, five major themes extracted as: “breakdown of limitations of the real world”, “breakdown of mental and personal limits”, “utilization of potentials of Facebook”, “not being behind of the caravan of technology”, and “adventure andcuriosity”. These five themes can be discussed in the components of “elimination of experienced and perceived limits” and “obtaining new opportunities”. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - The relationship between the amount of activity in cyberspace and students’ sense of social alienation in Marand universities
Jafar Abbasi Sultani Mahmood ElmiThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the amount ofactivity in cyberspace and students’ sense of social alienation in Maranduniversities. The method used in this research is project with the aim ofexplaining and describing the data. In order to MoreThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the amount ofactivity in cyberspace and students’ sense of social alienation in Maranduniversities. The method used in this research is project with the aim ofexplaining and describing the data. In order to measure the dependentvariable (social alienation), standard indices of Melvin Seaman’s socialalienation questionnaire was used. The population of the research isstudents studying at universities of Marand in the academic year of 94-93and 386 samples were estimated as the sample size by Cochran Formula.The data collected were analyzed using SPSS software. The results of thisresearch show that, there is a positive correlation between students’ levelof activity in the virtual world and social alienation. It means that withincreasing duration of use of the virtual world a sense of social alienationincreases. Also, there is a positive relationship between the virtual worldand social alienation factors such as: isolation, feelings of meaninglessnessand anomaly. The social alienation level doesn’t differ in terms of genderbut it is different in terms of marital status, and married students feelmore social alienation than single students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - Developing Process Writing Ability in Virtual Learning Environment via (Reinforced) Metalinguistic Corrective Feedback
Maryam Naderi Farsani پرویز علوی نیا Mehdi SarkhoshThe current study was performed to investigate the impact of metalinguistic oral and written corrective feedback on learners’ process writing ability through virtual learning environment. To this aim, a total of 66 Iranian EFL students in Shahrekord University par MoreThe current study was performed to investigate the impact of metalinguistic oral and written corrective feedback on learners’ process writing ability through virtual learning environment. To this aim, a total of 66 Iranian EFL students in Shahrekord University participated in the study. To conduct the study, a sample of IELTS expository writing (Writing Task 1) was administered to all participants for homogeneity purposes. Then, each of the two classes was divided into two parts, and each was randomly assigned to one of the four comparison groups (oral metalinguistic feedback, written metalinguistic feedback, oral metalinguistic + error logs, and written metalinguistic + error logs). Next, the writing pretest (a process writing task) was given to participants prior to instruction. The treatment lasted for eight weeks, and then process writing posttest was administered. The results revealed that all groups made progress from pretest to posttest. However, no significant difference was found among the four types of metalinguistic corrective feedback. The implications of the findings are discussed throughout the paper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - تاثیر کلاس مجازی و حقیقی بر توسعه کاربردشناسی بین زبانی: میکروبلاگینگ در مقایسه با آموزش سنتی کنشهای گفتاری به فراگیران ایرانی انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی
فاطمه داورزنی حسین طالب زادهعلی رغم این واقعیت که به نظر می رسد یادگیری در دنیای مجازی تآثیر قابل ملاحظه ای در تقویت توانایی های زبان آموزان در حوزه ی مهارت ها و تبحرها دارد، این پدیده توجه قابل ملاحظه ای در بهبود آموزش کاربرد زبان در محیط آموزشی ایرانی دریافت نکرده است. مطالعه ی حاضر مبادرت به پژ Moreعلی رغم این واقعیت که به نظر می رسد یادگیری در دنیای مجازی تآثیر قابل ملاحظه ای در تقویت توانایی های زبان آموزان در حوزه ی مهارت ها و تبحرها دارد، این پدیده توجه قابل ملاحظه ای در بهبود آموزش کاربرد زبان در محیط آموزشی ایرانی دریافت نکرده است. مطالعه ی حاضر مبادرت به پژوهش درباره ی تآثیر آموزش مجازی و واقعی تدریس کنش های گفتاری بر آگاهی زبان آموزان ایرانی از کاربردهای زبان نمود. بدین منظور 57 نفر زبان آموز مونث زبان انگلیسی از طریق یک تست هم سطح سازی، انتخاب شدند. شرکت کننده ها به دو گروه آزمایشی آموزش مجازی و واقعی در کلاس تقسیم شدند. ایشان از سه مرحله ی پیش آزمون، مداخله میانی و پس آزمون عبور کردند و اطلاعات برای مطالعه ی حاضر از طریق سه امتحان جمع آوری شد. یافته ها نشان داد که آموزش کنش های زبانی به هر دو طریق مجازی و واقعی کلاس درس برای تقویت آگاهی زبان آموزان ایرانی که انگلیسی را به عنوان یک زبان خارجی در محیط ایرانی یاد می گیرند،از کاربردهای زبان، کارآمد بود. درعین حال، تدریس کنش گفتارها از طریق آموزش کلاسی مفیدتر بود، و بهتر توانست آگاهی زبان آموزان ایرانی از کارکرد زبان را بهبود بخشد. یافته های این تحقیق می تواند، برای معلمان زبان انگلیسی،زبان آموزان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی و تهیه کنندگان مواد آموزشی در حوزه ی زبان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی در محیط ایرانی استفاده شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - Virtue and Indecency: Are They Legal or Rational
zohreh afsharOne of the main discussions in law is to prove rational virtue and indecency. It seems that, according to rational reasons, the case of rational virtue and indecency is exclusive. There are questions in this regard as follows: Is there any natural relation between virt MoreOne of the main discussions in law is to prove rational virtue and indecency. It seems that, according to rational reasons, the case of rational virtue and indecency is exclusive. There are questions in this regard as follows: Is there any natural relation between virtue and indecency for our acts? Do they have natural value from our legislator's viewpoint? We should say that according to Muslims' viewpoint the base of all precepts is God. Their diversity of opinions only relates to precepts recognition methods. After answering these mentioned questions, the author presents questions as follows: can wisdom perceive the aspects of virtue and indecency independently? And finally what is the effect of rational virtue and indecency acceptance on affairs? In the present article, the author tries to answer these questions based on judicial viewpoints and proves that virtue and indecency are rational. And if the legislator doesn’t guide us to virtue, we understand it by our wisdom and vice versa. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - Conditions for Witnesses in Jurisprudence of Religious Scholars (in accordance with Law)
Ahmad Moradkhani Ahmad MoradkhaniTestimony as one of the evidence for proving lawsuit in judicial jurisprudence including civil and penal one as well as demonstrating issues of religious verdict necessitates a recognition of authentic conditions in jurisprudence and law. Considering verses, narrations MoreTestimony as one of the evidence for proving lawsuit in judicial jurisprudence including civil and penal one as well as demonstrating issues of religious verdict necessitates a recognition of authentic conditions in jurisprudence and law. Considering verses, narrations and legal cases, qualifications such as maturity, intellect, Islam, justice and lack of invective as common conditions and conditions like faith, freedom and speech and … as non-common conditions have been accepted. There is disagreement over some conditions like in-birth purity, which has been discussed as to reasons made by religious scholars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - Analysis of legal jurisprudence of Laqta in cyber space
Mٍehdi Mohammadian Amiri Hosein Shokreian AmiriThere are always people in the society who lose money and other people find those properties, but whether this problem occurs only in real space or whether it can be exemplified in virtual space is a question. It is worth pondering, considering the prevalence of using v MoreThere are always people in the society who lose money and other people find those properties, but whether this problem occurs only in real space or whether it can be exemplified in virtual space is a question. It is worth pondering, considering the prevalence of using virtual space in today's era, it is not far-fetched to imagine that a personal work, whether authored, audio or video file, can be made available to others in virtual space without the owner's name. Contemplating the jurisprudential and legal dimensions of the subject, he has discussed and investigated in a descriptive-analytical way and has concluded that in addition to the property of these works, it confirms the property of everything that is out of the reach of its owner in the virtual space. slow This theory is based on the application of the hadiths in the chapter, the reason for the revision of Manat, Tabadur, the correctness of carrying and the incorrectness of negating. Therefore, it is suggested that in order to protect the rights of individuals, the legislator should specify his position in this regard by establishing an explicit article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - The Jurisprudence Investigation of Insolence Behavior in Cyberspace
Mojtaba HosseinnezhadThe rapacity and insolencebehaviortaking place in virtual world has become a major and challenging issue in the present time. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is a possibility of insolence behavior in cyberspace and if it is possible to sentenc MoreThe rapacity and insolencebehaviortaking place in virtual world has become a major and challenging issue in the present time. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is a possibility of insolence behavior in cyberspace and if it is possible to sentence the same as insolent offender's crime in an authentic and non-virtual space, then how it can be legitimated in a cybercrime context, if considered possible. By reviewing the cases and reasons, it can be concluded that, first, even if all the requisites needed for the crime is accepted based on Fokaha's quotes, there will be no obstacle to accept the crime in virtual space. Second, insolence behavior in cyber space can be sentenced the same as insolence behavior in authentic and non-virtual context. Third, although the first presumption is related to the non-enforcement of judgments for rebels based on the principle of Dara, mitigation of punishment and presumption of innocence, it should be noted that the insolent offender who committed the crime through the use of virtual tools can be subjected to the punishment just like an offender in real and authentic environment as per to narratives and verses supporting the use of verity proposition by ascribing to the principle of Dara, mitigation of punishment and presumption of innocence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - Comparison of Academic Procrastination, Aggression and Academic Engagement of Students Based on Their Membership in Virtual Networks in the First Grade of High School Girls in Tabriz
Nagibeh Bayazi Parisa Mosavati AzarThis study was conducted with aimed to comparison of academic procrastination, aggression and academic engagement of students based on their membership in virtual networks in the first grade of high school girls in Tabriz. The research method was causal-comparative. The MoreThis study was conducted with aimed to comparison of academic procrastination, aggression and academic engagement of students based on their membership in virtual networks in the first grade of high school girls in Tabriz. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population of the study consisted of high school female students of Tabriz high school in the academic year of 2017-2018. Their number was 32469 according to the report of the Education Department. The statistical sample included 67 students in virtual networks and 34 non-virtual students who were randomly selected from two schools. Data were collected by Bass & Perry's aggression questionnaire, Solomon and Rathblom’s procrastination assessment and Zarang Educational Inventory. Data analysis was done by multivariate analysis of variance. The results of the study showed that there is a significant difference in student involvement based on membership in virtual networks in students, but there is no significant difference in the amount of work and aggression and its components. Therefore, membership in virtual networks can affect students' academic engagement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - The Effect of Curriculum based on Virtual Reality on Primary School Students' Problem Solving Perception and Academic Achievement
sajjad pourbaghban Firooz Mahmoodi Eskandar Fathiazar Behroz KohestaniThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of virtual reality-based curriculum on problem-solving perceptions and academic achievement of sixth grade elementary students in science. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental and the pretest-posttest r MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of virtual reality-based curriculum on problem-solving perceptions and academic achievement of sixth grade elementary students in science. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental and the pretest-posttest research design was with a control group. The statistical population included all sixth grade elementary school students in Tabriz and the statistical sample, due to its semi-experimental nature, included 30 people (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The experimental group consisted of students who were exposed to education based on a virtual reality-based curriculum model, and the control group consisted of students who were exposed to conventional school education. Hepner and Patterson (1982) problem-solving perception questionnaire and teacher-made academic achievement test were used to collect information. The research data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate Analysis of Variance. Findings showed that virtual reality education has a positive effect on all three components of problem-solving perception (self-confidence, closeness to the problem and personal control) and academic achievement. Therefore, by using virtual reality-based curricula, students' problem-solving perception and academic achievement can be increased Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - Designing a virtual laboratory-based learning environment and its effect on motivation to progress in science courses
Narges Feizabadi zahra jamebozorg fatemeh jafarkhaniThe expansion of the use of virtual technologies in education has made education available to learners at any time and any place The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of designing a learning environment based on a virtual laboratory on the progress MoreThe expansion of the use of virtual technologies in education has made education available to learners at any time and any place The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of designing a learning environment based on a virtual laboratory on the progress motivation of fifth grade elementary school students in science. The current research is practical and semi-experimental. For this purpose, a pre-test-post-test plan with a control group was used. The socio-statistics included all fifth grade female students of Karaj primary school. 40 people from the mentioned society were selected through purposeful sampling and randomly assigned to two control and experimental groups. The instrument used included the achievement motivation questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability. At first, both groups completed the progress motivation questionnaire as a pre-test. Then, for the experiment group, the activities and experiments of the science book were designed in virtual form. At the end, the progress motivation questionnaire was given to the students of both groups as a post-test. The collected data were analyzed using the statistical test of univariate covariance with the help of spss version 18 software. The result of the research showed that there is a difference between the progress motivation of the two control and experimental groups in the post-test, and this difference is significant (a=0.05: p-value=0.001); This means that the design of the learning environment based on the virtual laboratory designed on the basis of Bayabi's design model has improved the motivation of students to progress in the science course. Therefore, it is recommended to the teachers and training providers to design and use a virtual laboratory based on the Bayabi design model to improve the motivation of students to progress in science lessons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
268 - Emergency Remote Teaching and Elementary School Teachers' Challenges: Thematic Analysis
Farzaneh Michaeli Manee Sheler Abkhiz Soheila HashemiThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the experiences, challenges and attitudes of elementary school teachers towards emergency distance learning or ERT. The research community was primary school teachers of Urmia, from which a sample of 720 peop MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the experiences, challenges and attitudes of elementary school teachers towards emergency distance learning or ERT. The research community was primary school teachers of Urmia, from which a sample of 720 people was selected using purposive sampling. Semi-structured questionnaires were used. The collected data were analyzed by thematic analysis method. Teachers' experience of ERT was placed in three categories: feeling unprepared, educational justice, and learning failure. Teachers in the areas of understanding the difficulty of teacher duties, opportunities for knowledge and skill learning, continuity of education, promotion of cooperation between teachers, promotion of parents' participation and students' responsibility, and in the areas of reducing classroom interaction, problems with the SHAD application, lack of necessary resources and ERT facilities, impossibility of valid and correct assessment and increased workload were satisfied and dissatisfied with ERT, respectively. Necessary changes from the teachers' point of view to improve ERT placed in the areas of improving the Internet network and educational platform, facilitating access to facilities and tools, and including technology-related training in the teacher training curriculum and in-service escaped. It seems that this form of education will remain as a complementary method to face-to-face education from now on. Therefore, it is necessary to check the necessary infrastructure to improve it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
269 - Introduction and analytical comparison of classic test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) in psychometrics
Gholamreza GoolmohammadnejhadThe study has dealt with a brief introduction and analytical comparison of two major psychometrics theory i.e. classic test theory and item-response theory along with their privileges and limitations. Although the classic test theory was founded in early part of the tw MoreThe study has dealt with a brief introduction and analytical comparison of two major psychometrics theory i.e. classic test theory and item-response theory along with their privileges and limitations. Although the classic test theory was founded in early part of the twentieth century. Its numerous limitations made the specialists think of means to remove these limitations. In the process of seeking solutions for removal of weaknesses in classic theory, they came up with a new theory in the 1950s which became known as time-response theory. Inspite of its gradual completion and apparent removal of limitations in the course of time, IRT has never been free from limitation and it has always been subject to some objections. For the time being each of these theories has more or less advocates among the educational ,psychological specialists and those who are related to psycho-educational measurements .These theories are not duly known in Iran ,so the present study tries to introduce these theories along with their weaknesses and strengths ,common and different points. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
270 - بررسی تأثیر فیس بوک بر سرمایه اجتماعی پیوندی و پل زننده در بین جوانان
محسن نوغانی مرتضی چرخ زریننقش جوانان در ساختار جامعه مهم و ارزنده تلقی میگردد، از اینرو پرداختن به مسألههای پیش روی آنان امری خطیر است.از جمله مهمترین مسایل جوانان، کیفیت روابط اجتماعی آنان می باشد. فیس بوک به عنوان گستردهترین شبکهی مجازی، یکی از عوامل تأثیرگذار بر این امر محسوب میگردد. هر Moreنقش جوانان در ساختار جامعه مهم و ارزنده تلقی میگردد، از اینرو پرداختن به مسألههای پیش روی آنان امری خطیر است.از جمله مهمترین مسایل جوانان، کیفیت روابط اجتماعی آنان می باشد. فیس بوک به عنوان گستردهترین شبکهی مجازی، یکی از عوامل تأثیرگذار بر این امر محسوب میگردد. هر چه میزان استفاده از شبکه-های مجازی در فضای خانواده بیشتر باشد، تعاملات کاهش یافته و سرمایه اجتماعی پیوندی در خانواده رو به زوال میرود از سوی دیگر سرمایه اجتماعی پل زننده در بین آنان افزایش یافته و بر رشد یا انحطاط جوانان تاثیر گذار است. مسأله اساسی این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر شدت استفاده از فیس بوک بر میزان سرمایه اجتماعی پیوندی و پل زننده در بین جوانان میباشد. روش تحقیق حاضر، پیمایشی بوده و با استفاده از پرسش نامه انجام گردیده است. جامعه نمونه، کلیه ی دانشجویان دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال تحصیلی91-1390 بوده است که حجم نمونه 156 نفر برآورد گردید.نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که شبکه ی اجتماعی فیس بوک می تواند باعث کاهش سرمایه اجتماعی پیوندی و افزایش سرمایه اجتماعی پل زننده گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
271 - بررسی میزان و نوع استفاده از اینترنت و تأثیرات مثبت و منفی آن بر روی رفتار اجتماعی و روانی دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
مهرداد نوابخش شایان رحمانیموضوع تحقیق حاضر، به بررسی میزان و نوع استفاده از اینترنت و تأثیر استفاده از اینترنت بر روی رفتار اجتماعی، روابط اجتماعی و حالات روانشناختی دربین دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مشهد معطوف است. همچنین در این تحقیق به عوامل مؤثر برمیزان استفاده از اینترنت از سوی دانشجویان Moreموضوع تحقیق حاضر، به بررسی میزان و نوع استفاده از اینترنت و تأثیر استفاده از اینترنت بر روی رفتار اجتماعی، روابط اجتماعی و حالات روانشناختی دربین دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مشهد معطوف است. همچنین در این تحقیق به عوامل مؤثر برمیزان استفاده از اینترنت از سوی دانشجویان نیز توجه شده است و از آنها در مورد پیامد های مثبت و منفی استفاده از اینترنت سؤال شده است . فرضیات اصلی تحقیق به ارتباط میان جنسیت، سن، مقطع تحصیلی و موافقت خانواده با میزان و نوع استفاده از اینترنت وهمچنین به تأثیر میزان استفاده از اینترنت بر رفتارهای اجتماعی و روانی مانند: افزایش یا کاهش روابط اجتماعی، وابستگی و اعتیاد به اینترنت، انزوا و افسردگی، عصبانیت و پرخاشگری، بی توجهی به خانواده و دوستان، خلل در انجام کارهای روزانه و افزایش اطلاعات و آگاهی های علمی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی، سیاسی، فرهنگی و ورزشی برمی گردد. تحقیق حاضر از نوع پیمایشی میباشد. جامعه آماری این تحقیق را تمامی دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد که مشغول به تحصیل می باشند ، تشکیل میدهند. با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده مبتنی بر دو طبقه دختر و پسر و براساس فرمول کوکران تعداد 378 نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه مکفی به دست آمد که برای اعتبار بیشتر داده ها از 400 نفر از دانشجویان ( 200 دختر و 200 پسر ) پرسشگری و مصاحبه به عمل آمد. نتایج نشان میدهد که بین تحصیلات، سن، میزان موافقت والدین در استفاده از اینترنت، میزان ترس و اضطراب در برقراری ارتباط با متغیر وابسته رابطه و همبستگی معناداری وجود دارد. استفاده از اینترنت باعث کاهش ارتباطات اجتماعی شده و میزان آگاهیهای تحصیلی، علمی و اجتماعی را در افراد افزایش میدهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
272 - تأثیر شبکه اجتماعی کلوب بر سرمایه اجتماعی دختران و زنان شهر تبریز
صمد عدلی پور احمد میرمحمدتبار سیمین افشار مریم سهرابیبیشک، جهان اجتماعی در حال تغییر است و یکی از عوامل اصلی تحول در دنیای کنونی، دستاوردهای تکنولوژیک جدید و متاخر بشری میباشد. دستاوردهایی که به عنوان رسانههای نوین شناخته میشوند. اما به دلیل نوظهوربودن این رسانهها هنوز بر سر تأثیرات مثبت و منفی آن توافق حاصل نشده و ن Moreبیشک، جهان اجتماعی در حال تغییر است و یکی از عوامل اصلی تحول در دنیای کنونی، دستاوردهای تکنولوژیک جدید و متاخر بشری میباشد. دستاوردهایی که به عنوان رسانههای نوین شناخته میشوند. اما به دلیل نوظهوربودن این رسانهها هنوز بر سر تأثیرات مثبت و منفی آن توافق حاصل نشده و نظرات مختلفی در مورد اثرات رسانههای نوین از جمله شبکههای اجتماعی مجازی همچون کلوب بر روی سرمایه اجتماعی وجود دارد. همچنین، با توجه به آمارهای موجود، بیشترین استفاده از شبکههای اجتماعی مجازی اختصاص به جوانان و به ویژه دختران و زنان جوان دارد که با انگیزههای مختلف از شبکههای اجتماعی استفاده میکنند. مطالعه تاثیرات استفاده از شبکههای اجتماعی مجازی در میان دختران و زنان میتواند برخی از پیامدهای این رسانههای نوین را مشخص سازد. پژوهش حاضر به صورت پیمایشی و با استفاده از پرسشنامه اینترنتی محققساخته صورت گرفته است که پایایی آن با استفاده از آماره آلفای کرونباخ (79/0) مورد تأئید قرار گرفت. جامعه آماری پژوهش را دختران و زنان عضو شبکه اجتماعی کلوب شهر تبریز تشکیل میدهند. چارچوب نظری تحقیق نیز برگرفته از نظریههای موجود در خصوص تأثیرات فضای مجازی بر سرمایه اجتماعی است. یافتههای تحقیق حاکی از آن است که بین متغیرهای مدت زمان عضویت کاربران در کلوب، میزان استفاده از کلوب، میزان مشارکت و فعالیت در کلوب و میزان اهمیت کلوب برای کاربران با میزان سرمایه اجتماعی، رابطه معنادار مستقیمی وجود دارد. همچنین متغیرهای مستقل وارد شده در مدل رگرسیونی پژوهش توانستهاند 30 درصد از تغییرات سرمایه اجتماعی پاسخگویان را تبیین کنند. در مجموع، نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که شبکه اجتماعی کلوب میتواند باعث افزایش سرمایه اجتماعی کاربران خود شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
273 - Investigating the relationship between the use of virtual networks and apostasy (Case study: 18-25 year olds in suburban areas of Qazvin
Zahra Taheri Sajedeh Eslami Milad Norozi -
Open Access Article
274 - Young mothers and changing family structure
Mahbobeh Jafari Baee Yaghob Foroutan Manouchehr Pahlavan -
Open Access Article
275 - Prediction of Internet dependence, virtual networks and social isolation based on family functioning and religiosity among young girls in Isfahan city
Kazem Ghojavand -
Open Access Article
276 - Pathology of virtual space among the youth of Mashhad ( case study of young people aged 18 to 39 in Mashhad)
Majid Asadi Nahid Kordi Zahra Zare -
Open Access Article
277 - Trends of Parity Progression Ratio in young Iranian women 2006-2016
Mohsen Naderi Beni Mansour Sharifi Jafar Kord zanganeh -
Open Access Article
278 - Social participation of celebrities in virtual space and factors affecting it among the youth of Mazandaran province
Mohammad Javad Esmaili Aboalghasem Heidarabadi Manouchehr Pahlavan -
Open Access Article
279 - The Role of Virtual Media in Changing Social Values with an Emphasis on Telegram and Facebook Social Networks
Saeed Faramarziani -
Open Access Article
280 - Effective Socio-Economic Factors on the Increase of the Youth Marriage Age
Golmorad Moradi Mohsen Safarian -
Open Access Article
281 - Survival Time of Young Women Childbearing in Tehran
Adel Abdollahi Arezoo Bagheri Mahsa Saadati -
Open Access Article
282 - The Role of Social Networks in the Political Participation of Young Women: Using Fundamental Theory Approach
Parvaneh Danesh Shahram Mollania Jolodar Narjes Mohammad Dost Leshkami -
Open Access Article
283 - Detection of Communities on Social Networks Based on Label Propagation Algorithm and Fuzzy Methods
Mohsen Chekin Amin MehranzadehThe proliferation of the web and social networks has made people more connected to their friends and neighbors than ever before. The desire of individuals to relate to similar tastes and choices in a social network leads to the formation of clusters or virtual communiti MoreThe proliferation of the web and social networks has made people more connected to their friends and neighbors than ever before. The desire of individuals to relate to similar tastes and choices in a social network leads to the formation of clusters or virtual communities. Such information can be useful for commercial, educational or developmental purposes and therefore a large number of algorithms for detecting communities have been presented. There are many algorithms for detecting communities on social networks. In this paper, using the label propagation algorithm and fuzzy Delphi method, an improved method is presented that can identify communities more accurately and quickly than other similar methods. Accordingly, in the proposed algorithm, instead of randomly selecting from the maximum labels of the neighboring nodes, the label with the highest weight is chosen. By doing this, random selection is eliminated, and stability and certainty in the outcomes of the algorithm are achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
284 - An Artificial Intelligence Framework for Supporting Coarse-Grained Workload Classification in Complex Virtual Environments
Alfredo Cuzzocrea Enzo Mumolo Islam Belmerabet Abderraouf HafsaouiWe propose Cloud-based machine learning tools for enhanced Big Data applications, where the main idea is that of predicting the “next” workload occurring against the target Cloud infrastructure via an innovative ensemble-based approach that combines the effectiveness of MoreWe propose Cloud-based machine learning tools for enhanced Big Data applications, where the main idea is that of predicting the “next” workload occurring against the target Cloud infrastructure via an innovative ensemble-based approach that combines the effectiveness of different well-known classifiers in order to enhance the whole accuracy of the final classification, which is very relevant at now in the specific context of Big Data. The so- called workload categorization problem plays a critical role in improving the efficiency and reliability of Cloud-based big data applications. Implementation-wise, our method proposes deploying Cloud entities that participate in the distributed classification approach on top of virtual machines, which represent classical “commodity” settings for Cloud-based big data applications. Given a number of known reference workloads, and an unknown workload, in this paper we deal with the problem of finding the reference workload which is most similar to the unknown one. The depicted scenario turns out to be useful in a plethora of modern information system applications. We name this problem as coarse-grained workload classification, because, instead of characterizing the unknown workload in terms of finer behaviors, such as CPU, memory, disk, or network intensive patterns, we classify the whole unknown workload as one of the (possible) reference workloads. Reference workloads represent a category of workloads that are relevant in a given applicative environment. In particular, we focus our attention on the classification problem described above in the special case represented by virtualized environments. Today, Virtual Machines (VMs) have become very popular because they offer important advantages to modern computing environments such as cloud computing or server farms. In virtualization frameworks, workload classification is very useful for accounting, security reasons, or user profiling. Hence, our research makes more sense in such environments, and it turns out to be very useful in a special context like Cloud Computing, which is emerging now. In this respect, our approach consists of running several machine learning-based classifiers of different workload models, and then deriving the best classifier produced by the Dempster-Shafer Fusion, in order to magnify the accuracy of the final classification. Experimental assessment and analysis clearly confirm the benefits derived from our classification framework. The running programs which produce unknown workloads to be classified are treated in a similar way. A fundamental aspect of this paper concerns the successful use of data fusion in workload classification. Different types of metrics are in fact fused together using the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence combination, giving a classification accuracy of slightly less than 80%. The acquisition of data from the running process, the pre-processing algorithms, and the workload classification are described in detail. Various classical algorithms have been used for classification to classify the workloads, and the results are compared. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
285 - The city and the corona pandemic; Examining the social and spatial consequences of urban measures related to health
Kasra KetabollahiThe rapid spread of the Covid-19 disease has created a global public health crisis that has been addressed at various local and global scales through social distancing measures and guidelines. This is accompanied by questions about the nature of life and work patterns t MoreThe rapid spread of the Covid-19 disease has created a global public health crisis that has been addressed at various local and global scales through social distancing measures and guidelines. This is accompanied by questions about the nature of life and work patterns through the intensive use of information and telecommunication technologies, leading to social and institutional acceptance of these patterns as the "new normal".In terms of methodology, the discussion is based on a transdisciplinary framework that is used for conceptual analysis and operationalized by identifying and discussing the concepts of design and planning.This article emphasizes the following: a) Issues related to urban dynamics are drawn from the perspective of urban and human geography, urban design and planning, and transportation engineering. b) The questions related to socio-spatial concepts and the dialectic of urban space/urban life come from the field of environmental psychology.and c) discussions of new environments that accommodate new lifestyles/work go beyond ethnographic and anthropological perspectives. The article concludes with an outlook that outlines key aspects of the synergy needed between architectural and urban education, research and practice, and public health in a virtual and global post-pandemic world.The rapid spread of the Covid-19 disease has created a global public health crisis that has been addressed at various local and global scales through social distancing measures and guidelines. This is accompanied by questions about the nature of life and work patterns through the intensive use of information and telecommunication technologies, leading to social and institutional acceptance of these patterns as the "new normal".In terms of methodology, the discussion is based on a transdisciplinary framework that is used for conceptual analysis and operationalized by identifying and discussing the concepts of design and planning.This article emphasizes the following: a) Issues related to urban dynamics are drawn from the perspective of urban and human geography, urban design and planning, and transportation engineering. b) The questions related to socio-spatial concepts and the dialectic of urban space/urban life come from the field of environmental psychology.and c) discussions of new environments that accommodate new lifestyles/work go beyond ethnographic and anthropological perspectives. The article concludes with an outlook that outlines key aspects of the synergy needed between architectural and urban education, research and practice, and public health in a virtual and global post-pandemic world.The rapid spread of the Covid-19 disease has created a global public health crisis that has been addressed at various local and global scales through social distancing measures and guidelines. This is accompanied by questions about the nature of life and work patterns through the intensive use of information and telecommunication technologies, leading to social and institutional acceptance of these patterns as the "new normal".In terms of methodology, the discussion is based on a transdisciplinary framework that is used for conceptual analysis and operationalized by identifying and discussing the concepts of design and planning.This article emphasizes the following: a) Issues related to urban dynamics are drawn from the perspective of urban and human geography, urban design and planning, and transportation engineering. b) The questions related to socio-spatial concepts and the dialectic of urban space/urban life come from the field of environmental psychology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
286 - Abulfazl Rashiduddin Meibdi and His Interpretation of Real and Virtual Love
Fatemeh Pahlavan ShamsiOne of the most lasting and the most valuable Persian language and literature treasures is translations and interpretations which have been written by clean-minded servants of God. Among these long translations and interpretations of the Holy Quran, kashf Al-asrar writt MoreOne of the most lasting and the most valuable Persian language and literature treasures is translations and interpretations which have been written by clean-minded servants of God. Among these long translations and interpretations of the Holy Quran, kashf Al-asrar written by Meybodi has high value and special authority. Mystical interpretation has been completed by Meybodi in 1126 AD. His Sufism is a romantic Sufism; this means that he considers relationship between man and God as concept of love or affection, so that being human is aware of God. Abolfazl Rashid Al-din Meybodi having skill for using words, considers the true love voice as the agent of purification and spiritual self-creation and also its pleasant breeze as inspiring satisfaction inside. The current paper presents that features and attributes of love in mystical interpretation of kashf Al-asrar with themes about it has high value so that it takes heartless reader to ascension of the facts and in the end of each topic, sweet nectar of joiner places in his vein and lipid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
287 - Classification and Analysis of Childlessness in Persian Love Poems
Azam Hosseini Hasan ZolfaghariOne of the narrative themes in love poems is the infertility of the lovers' parents. This theme is not one of the main themes, but it is the point of entry of lovers into the story So the author uses all his art to describe it as a beautiful and memorable event. This re MoreOne of the narrative themes in love poems is the infertility of the lovers' parents. This theme is not one of the main themes, but it is the point of entry of lovers into the story So the author uses all his art to describe it as a beautiful and memorable event. This research seeks to classify infertility in Persian love poems by describing and analyzing the content of the text. What role does each of these classifications and subspecies play in the narrative? For this purpose, the book "One Hundred Persian Love Poems" (Zolfaghari, 2015) is the basis of the work. According to the results, in thirty poems, the parents of lovers have suffered from infertility and in many cases, have been worried about the throne of their heirs. They have children in various ways (having children through prayer and charity, helping a dervish by eating blessings, having children outside the womb or with the presence of only one parent, hiding the birth or abandonment of a child, and predicting the birth of a child) has fallen. The evolution of this theme shows that its use began with mythology and was very primitive and naive in folk tales. The authors of Persian love poems of the fourth to ninth centuries, using their taste, have used it in various forms. From the ninth century onwards, nothing new is added to it and it is a repetition of the previous ones. Its peak was in the twelfth century due to the rise of Indian systematists and the rise of idealism. The role of this theme in the narrative structure of the love story is that the author, by portraying the difficult parenting of children, prepares the audience's mind for the events formed by these children in the continuation of the story, and increases the actions and thus the story's appeal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
288 - Effect of different drying methods on antioxidant and phytochemical yield of Allium hirtifolium Boiss.
Maryam poorgharib Mahboobeh Zare Mehrjerdi Akbar ArabhosseiniAllium hirtifolium Boiss. is a native plant of Iran and has medicinal uses due to its organosulfur compounds, in addition to consuming edible. The experiment was designed to investigate the effect of different drying methods on the quality of Allium hirtifolium. Allium MoreAllium hirtifolium Boiss. is a native plant of Iran and has medicinal uses due to its organosulfur compounds, in addition to consuming edible. The experiment was designed to investigate the effect of different drying methods on the quality of Allium hirtifolium. Allium hirtifolium slices were dried by using ten methods, which were sun and shade drying, soaking Allium hirtifolium in water for 24 hours and then sun drying (traditional method), oven drying (50, 60 and 70 °C), microwave drying (360, 540 and 720 W) and freeze-drying. The effect of different drying methods on antioxidant capacity (DPPH assay), total phenol content (Folin-Ciocalteu method), flavonoids (aluminum chloride colorimetric assay), allicin (4-mercaptopyridine method) and soluble and storage carbohydrates (anthrone method) as well as Allium hirtifolium color quality (image processing analysis) were investigated. The initial moisture content of the samples was 69.41% based on fresh weight. The highest antioxidant activity belonged to the extracts obtained by maceration of fresh samples followed by the shade-dried samples with methanol. The total phenolic content was found to be highest in the freeze-dried samples macerated with methanol. The greatest flavonoid content was observed in fresh samples followed by the freeze dried samples extracted by ultrasound. Shade- dried samples, next to fresh Allium hirtifolium, had the highest allicin. The maximum levels of soluble and storage carbohydrates were found in freeze-dried samples and microwave-dried samples at 720 W power, respectively. After the drying process, the lowest browning index was observed in freeze-dried samples. Among the drying methods, shade drying was introduced as the most suitable method to maintain the quality of Allium hirtifolium and it was found that the traditional method of drying Allium hirtifolium causes the loss of its bioactive compounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
289 - Iranian EFL High School Teachers' Perceptions of Virtual Learning System Opportunities, Challenges and Threats
Seyyed Jaffar Rafiee Parviz Alavinia Mehdi Sarkhosh -
Open Access Article
290 - Equity on General English Achievement Tests through Gender-based DIF Analysis across Different Majors
Mehri Jamalzadeh Ahmadreza Lotfi Masoud Rostami -
Open Access Article
291 - Iranian and Turkish EFL Professors’ Perceptions of the (De)merits of Virtual Learning Platforms: Issues Related to Instruction, Assessment, and Resources
Shirin Akbarzadeh Parviz Alavinia Mehdi Sarkhosh -
Open Access Article
292 - Effect of Synchronous Virtual Learning Environment on Reading Comprehension of Undergraduate EFL Students
Javad Akbari Hossein Heidari Tabrizi Azizeh Chalak -
Open Access Article
293 - آموزش مجازی زبان انگلیسی برای خانم های خانه دار ایرانی: تنظیم عاطفی , کنترل خشم و خشونت خانگی در کانون توجه
Sara Amiri Neda FatehiRad Valeh Jalaliاین پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر آموزش مجازی زبان انگلیسی بر تنظیم هیجانی، کنترل خشم و خشونت خانگی زنان خانه دار ایرانی انجام شد. بدین منظور از طرح شبه آزمایشیِ پیش آزمون و پسا آزمون با گروه کنترل استفاده شد.از بین جامعه حدود 60 نفر از همسران ایرانی خانه دار از شهرهای مختلف Moreاین پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر آموزش مجازی زبان انگلیسی بر تنظیم هیجانی، کنترل خشم و خشونت خانگی زنان خانه دار ایرانی انجام شد. بدین منظور از طرح شبه آزمایشیِ پیش آزمون و پسا آزمون با گروه کنترل استفاده شد.از بین جامعه حدود 60 نفر از همسران ایرانی خانه دار از شهرهای مختلف ایران انتخاب شدند.شرکت کنندگان به طور تصادفی به دو گروهِ آزمایش و کنترل تقسیم شدند.دادههای مورد نیاز از طریق ابزارهای زیر جمعآوری شد: نسخه فارسی پرسشنامه کنترل خشم که توسط Buss و Perry (1992) تهیه و اعتبار سنجی شده است. خشونت خانگی علیه زنان که توسط محسنی تبریزی تدوین و (1390) و توسط (گارنفسکی و همکاران، 2003) در زبان فارسی ترجمه و نسخۀ فارسیِ پرسشنامۀ تنظیمِ هیجانی توسط (گارنفسکی و همکاران، 2003) تایید شده است. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی، آزمون نرمال بودن کولموگروف اسمیرنوف((Kolmogorov-Smirnov، آزمون لوین (Leven) و تحلیل کوواریان (Analysis of Covariance) یک طرفه ANCOVA) ) یافته ها تأثیر مثبت آموزش مجازی زبان انگلیسی را بر تنظیم هیجانی، کنترل خشم و خشونت خانگی زنان خانهدار ایرانی تأیید کرد. این یافته ها پیامدهایی برای مقامات آموزشی سطح بالا، مدیران اورژانس اجتماعی و محققان آینده دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
294 - Impact of Intercultural Movie Clips on EFL Learners’ Social and Cultural Identity in Virtual Communities of Practice
DOR: 20.1001.1.23223898.2021.9.37.14.2
Azadeh Nematzadeh Mehry Haddad Narafshan Masoud Tajadini -
Open Access Article
295 - Two-stage Operational Planning of a Virtual Power Plant in the Presence of a Demand Response Program
Amirali Shahkoomahalli Amangaldi Koochaki Heidarali Shayanfar -
Open Access Article
296 - designing and validating the electronic preparation model for the implementation of virtual education in education in Fars province.
abas eslahi nader shahamat ebadallah ahmadi moslem salehiThe current research was conducted with the aim of designing and validating the electronic preparation model for the implementation of virtual education in education in Fars province. This research was applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of the method of collectin MoreThe current research was conducted with the aim of designing and validating the electronic preparation model for the implementation of virtual education in education in Fars province. This research was applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of the method of collecting information, it was conducted with a qualitative-quantitative (mixed) approach and with an exploratory design. In the qualitative section, the statistical population included experts in the field of virtual education and professors of educational management, and in the quantitative section, there were 61,113 people in the education and training managers and employees of Fars province. The sampling method in the qualitative section was the targeted method, and in the quantitative section, the It was random. The statistical sample in the qualitative section was 30 people, taking into account the theoretical saturation law, and in the quantitative section, 382 people were selected based on the simple random sampling method. The data collection tool in the qualitative section was a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative section, questions The researcher's letter was based on a five-point Likert scale with 57 items. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its reliability was obtained by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.84. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part was inductive content analysis using coding on three levels, open, central and selective. In the quantitative part, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, structural equations and path analysis were used using SPSS and Lisrel software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
297 - The Effect of Virtual Social Networks on Educational Performance of Students
Mokhtar Ranjbar Tayebe Nami -
Open Access Article
298 - Designing the Curriculum of Virtual Schools in the Second Period of Secondary School (Khaf City - Razavi Khorasan)
reza vala Ali Reza Zanganeh alaeddin etemad ahari -
Open Access Article
299 - On the Effect of Virtual Social Networks on the Academic Performance and Happiness of female High School Students
Maryamossadat Mirhosseini Abbas Gholtash -
Open Access Article
300 - Examining and explaining the "virtue of Hajj over almsgiving and charity" from the perspective of narrations; A look at historical jurisprudential sources
Azam Ramezani AbbasAli Heydari Mahmoud GhaiiomzadehThe massive annual gathering of Muslims from all over the world to perform the Hajj is the largest religious ceremony in the world. There is not much knowledge about its origin, but it has affected human life on a large scale. So far, it has infected millions of people MoreThe massive annual gathering of Muslims from all over the world to perform the Hajj is the largest religious ceremony in the world. There is not much knowledge about its origin, but it has affected human life on a large scale. So far, it has infected millions of people and killed many people. This has disrupted human life and normal life on Earth. Due to the necessity of Hajj and the importance of not leaving the Kaaba empty of pilgrims, the ruling on the existence or provision of a means as a condition for the obligation of Hajj is not very clear for the obligees. This has been the case; therefore, the study of "Analysis of the explanation of the global corona epidemic and its effect on the Hajj with a jurisprudential approach" which is an emerging disease is an issue that needs to be explored until a worthwhile response stage. Lack of security in the field of health in the land of revelation and the path leading to it to perform Hajj rituals, will make the obligated people unable to afford it and ultimately Hajj will not be obligatory for them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
301 - Pathology of the policymaking process of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Cyberspace in historical transition
Ahad hozorgiglo Hassan Eyvazzadeh Malek zolghadr seyed farshid jafar paybandiIn this research, an attempt has been made to first systematically review previous studies in the field of cyber space policy (studies published from 2010 to 2019). Studies related to the topic of cyber space policy in Persian language were searched in reliable database MoreIn this research, an attempt has been made to first systematically review previous studies in the field of cyber space policy (studies published from 2010 to 2019). Studies related to the topic of cyber space policy in Persian language were searched in reliable databases in Persian language and after review and writing, they were categorized according to the topic. In the second stage, it was implemented using a qualitative approach and its data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 14 experts in the field of cyber space laws and regulations who had at least five years of experience in this field. Research findings It has been shown that by using the method of analyzing the content of the interviews, the harms of the policy making process in cyberspace were identified and placed in five general categories. The findings showed that the identified harms, which were categorized into five categories, are: causal conditions (spirituality of virtual space, network society and self-motivated collective communication of the development of virtual social networks), background factors (lack of trust, technical aspect and lack of rationality, hindrance to civilization), intervening conditions (easy access of people to communication tools, weak supervision, lack of necessary platforms), strategies (creating a national information network, specifying policy requirements and requirements, promoting policy knowledge, coordination and cooperation devices and the use of experts) and consequences (ability to move, specialization, competition with other social media, native-based services) were discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
302 - Changes in Virtual Water Trade Balance in Iran: A Structural Decomposition Analysis
Nooraddin Sharify Hossein EsmaeiliThis paper investigates the situation of foreign trade to compensate for water shortage problems in Iran. Using input-output tables of 2011 and 2016 tables, the changes in virtual water trade balance in this period were investigated. Results indicate that in spite of th MoreThis paper investigates the situation of foreign trade to compensate for water shortage problems in Iran. Using input-output tables of 2011 and 2016 tables, the changes in virtual water trade balance in this period were investigated. Results indicate that in spite of the positive trade balance in these years, international trade caused virtual water to enter the country. However, both the value of the trade balance of products and the trade balance of virtual water in 2016 decreased compared to 2011. Overall, despite the increase in the import of virtual water due to the decrease in the total backward linkage of final products and the change in the share of exports and imports in the foreign trade balance; changes in the trade balance, the intensity of direct water consumption, the structure of production, and the structure of traded goods, respectively, contributed the most to the reduction of virtual water imports. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
303 - Examining the aspects of advices in the illustrations of Kohmarreh Sorkhi region
Azim Jabbareh NaserouParables are one of the types of popular literature that have always been a suitable platform for reflecting the feelings, thoughts, beliefs, ideals, wishes and mood of human societies. One of the important features of parables is their instructive aspect. The Sorkhi tr MoreParables are one of the types of popular literature that have always been a suitable platform for reflecting the feelings, thoughts, beliefs, ideals, wishes and mood of human societies. One of the important features of parables is their instructive aspect. The Sorkhi tribe is one of the ancient Iranian tribes whom has lived in the southwest of Shiraz and in the Kohmarreh-Sorkhi area. These people speak the Sorkhi dialect and they have a rich oral literature. folktale is one of the most used types in the conversations of the people in this country. The author first collected four hundred and sixty-three tales, two hundred and eighty of them have an educational aspect, using the field method and using old people in different villages of this region. Using library resources and with a descriptive-analytical approach, he has examined and analyzed their instructional aspects. The importance and necessity of this research is to preserve an important part of the folk literature of this region, which is on the threshold of destruction. The findings of the research show many and diverse concepts of advice in the parables of the Sorkhi people. More than half of the parables in this area contain advice. The news to observe moral virtues and stay away from moral vices, work, marriage and raising children includes most of these concepts. The instructional concepts of these parables are classified into eight categories: teachings about moral virtues, teachings about moral vices, teachings about friends, enemies, and neighbors, and mixtures about livelihood. and asking for a living, teachings about advice to work, planning in effort, trusting work to assistants, teachings about marriage, teachings about raising children and the other issues, and teachings about awareness in knowing people in the society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
304 - Scheduling Problem of Virtual Cellular Manufacturing Systems (VCMS); Using Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm based Heuristics
Saeed Taouji Hassanpour Reza Bashirzadeh Abolfazl Adressi Behnam Bahmankhah -
Open Access Article
305 - Pathology of actions and policies of the system in managing and organizing virtual space
mohammad javad valizadeh mohammad ali dolatIn order to organize the virtual space in order to use its capacities and prevent its threats and damages, numerous laws and documents have been enacted, various legal structures have been formed, many budgets have been allocated and significant measures have been taken MoreIn order to organize the virtual space in order to use its capacities and prevent its threats and damages, numerous laws and documents have been enacted, various legal structures have been formed, many budgets have been allocated and significant measures have been taken, but in general, the goal the expected is not realized and the desired result and effectiveness are not observed; Therefore, this article is analytical-descriptive with the method of library collection to find the answer to the question that what are the gaps, problems or shortcomings that cause the relevant laws and measures to be ineffective or even ineffective and the virtual space not to be organized? And the continuation of disorder and chaos has brought it? The existence of this research is a step towards the pathological review of programs, laws, approaches, priorities and costs of the Kurds and will lead to an effective reorganization of capacities; Also, its absence will open the way for continued waste of financial and human resources and fruitless actions. The findings of the research show that 9 challenges have caused the continuation of disorder, the failure to control social damage and its spread. In this research, the suggested operational and practical solutions to get out of the current situation have been explained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
306 - The Free Circulation of Information and Interference of competences in the Procedure of the Supreme Council of Cyberspace
ali hajipour عظیمزاده azimzadehNowadays, virtual space has become an inseparable part of people's lives, and with a rapid speed, it has affected all aspects of life. Technological revolution, influenced the freedom of expression in such a modern way that the development of radio and television had ne MoreNowadays, virtual space has become an inseparable part of people's lives, and with a rapid speed, it has affected all aspects of life. Technological revolution, influenced the freedom of expression in such a modern way that the development of radio and television had never done. This revolution revealed new manifestations of freedom of expression. With new developments in this field, gradually, cultural participation in various fields of the society became more prominent and the relations that were done in limited formats became bolder and more noticeable. However, the possibility to control and make restrictions in different types of communication also became more evident. Such Control that is done mainly through governmental mechanisms and opposition to the free exchange of information has entered a new stage with emergence of the social networks. Censorship, filtering and monitoring of the data and content, and progress in interception methods of correspondence and conversations in such networks have increased in line with the epidemic of these networks. In the present research, while attempting at referring to the freedom of information circulation in the virtual space, the role of the Supreme Council of Cyber Space in explicitation of the laws governing the cyberspace has been examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
307 - A Survey on Preventive Approaches (Culture-Oriented Management) Of Cyberspace and Its Effect on the Occurrence of Election Violations and Crimes and the Options Governing the Political System of Iran
Hamid reza Norouzian mostafa malaki Dr. Seyed Mohammad Reza Mousavi FardNowadays the cyberspace acts as a double-edged sword in all social realities and, therefore, it can be regarded either as an opportunity or as a threat. If the government does not follow a clear plan, it can easily distort its healthy and competitive environment in some MoreNowadays the cyberspace acts as a double-edged sword in all social realities and, therefore, it can be regarded either as an opportunity or as a threat. If the government does not follow a clear plan, it can easily distort its healthy and competitive environment in some special events such as elections. In this research we aim to take a documented and substantiated look at the issue with the purpose of helping in preventions of election crimes and damages. With a descriptive and analytical approach and through the documentary methodology by using library and internet data, in this article we seek to find an answer to the question of what is the role of cyberspace in the indirect management of elections and that how the election crimes and violations caused by the same could be countered with. According to the authors, the role of cyberspace in the hidden management with destructive approaches of election violations and crimes is undeniable and that the solutions such as: defining the cultural code of professional ethics of election campaigns in cyberspace, considering the time of the election as an aggravating factor of electoral crimes in cyberspace and, finally, the comprehensive election law and its consolidation for more accurate monitoring etc. are among the solutions to reduce such threats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
308 - Metaverse and Its Impact on Lifestyle
Mohsen Mahmoudi Salar SadeghiMetaverse, as an emerging technology and the next generation of the internet which enjoys noticeable special and quite new features including its unlimited and simultaneous communication possibility in virtual reality, promises undeniable positive effects on the human l MoreMetaverse, as an emerging technology and the next generation of the internet which enjoys noticeable special and quite new features including its unlimited and simultaneous communication possibility in virtual reality, promises undeniable positive effects on the human lifestyle in the fields of medicine, economics, and education. It also brings with itself some negative outcomes including new types of crimes, impersonation and privacy breach risks. Therefore, management of lifestyle in such a new environment is necessary from technical and content point of view. In this regard, defining interactive protocols and standards and explaining the legal aspects of such a space and the contents produced therein as well as strengthening of governance in this areas seem to be among the most important challenges and tasks that the policymakers and legislators encounter. Considering such points, ensuring cyber security and privacy, identifying possible risks in the metaverse, strengthening governance with a balance of security and freedom in the metaverse, and informing and educating people through the media will be necessary for users in using the metaverse appropriately Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
309 - A Legal Analysis of the Harassment of Women in Cyberspace
mohammadreza rezvantalab davood darrehshiriA correct legislative policy in dealing with crimes committed in cyberspace must represent the decisive and quick actions of the legislator. Considering the impossibility of full compensation of the damages caused by cyberspace and the variety of criminal actions, the l MoreA correct legislative policy in dealing with crimes committed in cyberspace must represent the decisive and quick actions of the legislator. Considering the impossibility of full compensation of the damages caused by cyberspace and the variety of criminal actions, the legislative policy must be formulated accordingly. As a case of such emerging issues mentioned could be made of harassment of women in cyberspace. The legislators do not have a separate regulation with regard to this. The purpose of the present article is twofold. Firstly, the commission of such crimes at the present time must face an appropriate punishment for the perpetrators of such crimes. Secondly, considering that the bill for preserving the dignity and protection of women against violence is in the process of approval in the parliament, a recommendation must be stated with the purpose of amending the legal Articles in law related to the discussion of this article. In this research, using a descriptive library method, an attempt has been made to collect materials and answer this question: is it possible, according to the existing legal provisions, to apply the current laws in dealing with the perpetrators of such cases or not? The hypothesis that we are trying to confirm in this research is the possibility of adherence to the Article 619 of the Islamic Penal Code approved in 1375 in dealing with such crimes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
310 - Coordinated Protection Scheme Based on Virtual Impedance Control for Loop-Based Microgrids
Hamed Karimi Bahador Fani Ghazanfar ShahgholianThe presence of the inverter distributed generations in the power systems can bring about incoordination in the protection system performance while enjoying various advantages. In this paper, a suitable solution, independent of relay settings, is presented in order to s MoreThe presence of the inverter distributed generations in the power systems can bring about incoordination in the protection system performance while enjoying various advantages. In this paper, a suitable solution, independent of relay settings, is presented in order to solve the protection problems of inverter island microgrids with circular arrangement. The presence of distributed inverter generation sources causes a change in the direction and amplitude of the fault current at the microgrid level. This problem is more visible in microgrids with circular arrangement. Therefore, conventional protection schemes that consider a single path and a high fault current level compared to load current may be problematic. An important factor for the proper design of a protective system for microgrids is the contribution of the injecting fault current of the inverter sources. In this paper, a protection strategy based on the inverter control of sources is presented and ordinary overcurrent relays with the same characteristic curve are used. When a short circuit fault occurs in the microgrid, an adaptive current limiting strategy is applied using the virtual impedance loop. In this case, the share of fault current of each source is controlled according to the position of the fault, and sources closer to the fault produce a larger fault current. Therefore, the current passing through the protective equipment is closer to the fault than other equipment in the micro grid. And without the need for making connection between protective equipment, the protective coordination is guaranteed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
311 - Angular Resolution Enhancement of the MIMO Radar by Using the 2D Nested Array Method
Rasoul Dehghani Rouhollah AghajaniIn phased array systems, increasing the array length and consequently increasing the number of antenna elements are needed to improve spatial resolution. It can be addressed by MIMO radars using orthogonal signals from multiple transmitters and using the virtual array. MoreIn phased array systems, increasing the array length and consequently increasing the number of antenna elements are needed to improve spatial resolution. It can be addressed by MIMO radars using orthogonal signals from multiple transmitters and using the virtual array. Virtual element's locations are derived from the convolution of the physical elements of the transmitter and receiver. To understand the functionality of MIMO radars, virtual array has been introduced. As the virtual array be larger, the radar angle resolution increase. Increasing the degree of freedom of the virtual array is highly dependent on the array of transmitter and receiver elements placement. The Nested Array which is one of the well-known methods in alignment of MIMO radar array elements, is investigated. In this article, the new nested array is examined and implemented in one dimension. The very innovative idea of this article is to use the new 2D nested array. A multi-step approach for implementing two-dimensional arrays using a new nested array for a MIMO radar is presented which can be generalized to any other structure with different number of elements. Finally, the advantages of the proposed method in terms of angular bandwidth of the main radar are presented. The results show that the proposed method is much more efficient than the other methods. The comparative results presented at the end of this article shows that the half-power beam width of the proposed method is approximately 0.3 degrees while this value for the nested method is more than 2 degrees. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
312 - Harmonic Compensation and Micro-Grid Voltage and Frequency Control Based on Power Proportional Distribution with Adaptive Virtual Impedance Method
Monir Kamali Bahador Fani Ghazanfar Shahgholian Gevork B. Gharehpetian Masoud ShafieeDue to the different distances and complexity of micro-grids, the lines impedance varies between the feeders of the distributed generation and the loads. Therefore, conventional droop control method does not have good efficiency in power distribution between distributed MoreDue to the different distances and complexity of micro-grids, the lines impedance varies between the feeders of the distributed generation and the loads. Therefore, conventional droop control method does not have good efficiency in power distribution between distributed generation (DG) units. Generally, due to simplification, the impedance of the lines is not considered in a complex. The stated conditions greatly reduce the accuracy and speed of the dynamic response of the control system. In this paper, harmonic compensation, voltage and frequency control of micro-grid with adaptive virtual impedance method based on proportional power distribution are presented. In the proposed method, reducing the error coefficient of active power and reactive power, control of voltage and currents’ harmonic in two modes of connection to the main grid and islanded, as well as voltage and frequency control for optimal operation of the micro-grid is presented. The proposed method, without the need to update the impedance information of the feeders, has the capability of optimal operation and power distribution under different operating conditions, taking into account the complex impedance. To validate, the proposed method is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software environment and the results are presented along with stability and sensitivity analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
313 - A 3D Shape Mapping Method Using Eigenspace Clustering Applied on Virtual Clothing
Hamed Fathi َAlireza Ahmadyfard Hossein KhosraviVirtual clothing try-on can be a great option for the online clothing industry. In this paper, we propose a method to map the 3D model of selected clothes on the customer's 3D model. For this purpose, the point clouds of the customer and mannequin are captured by the Ki MoreVirtual clothing try-on can be a great option for the online clothing industry. In this paper, we propose a method to map the 3D model of selected clothes on the customer's 3D model. For this purpose, the point clouds of the customer and mannequin are captured by the Kinect camera. These models are segmented into corresponding parts using surface descriptors to ease the matching. Then, individual parts of the mannequin are mapped on the corresponding parts of the customer. Finally, the color information from the clothes on the mannequin is transformed to the customer's body point cloud. The proposed method has two main advantages over the existing methods. First, no need for an expert to design 3D models in graphic software. Second, any style and texture of clothes can be chosen by the customer. The results of the experiments show the ability of the proposed method compared to existing methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
314 - Design and Simulation of a Novel UWB Bandpass Filter with Sharp Roll-Off, Compact Size and Wide Upper Stopband based on a Multiple-Mode Resonator
Seyyed Jamal Borhani Mohammad Amin Honarvar Abdolmehdi Dadgar PourIn this paper, a novel microstrip-line ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) based on multiple-mode resonator (MMR) is designed, analyzed and simulated. The structure of the proposed MMR constructed by a modified triple-mode stepped-impedance resonator (MSIR) loade MoreIn this paper, a novel microstrip-line ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) based on multiple-mode resonator (MMR) is designed, analyzed and simulated. The structure of the proposed MMR constructed by a modified triple-mode stepped-impedance resonator (MSIR) loaded with a folded step-impedance stub (FSIS). This stub-loaded resonator could generate two more resonate modes and two transmission zeros (TZs) simultaneously. Proposed MMR’s dimensions properly tuned so that first five resonate modes of the proposed MMR roughly allocated in the desirable bandpass, i.e. 3.1-10.6GHz, as well as two TZs at the edge of the passband, leading to sharp roll-off. Finally, with using aperture-backed interdigital-coupled lines for feeding, an UWB BPF with compact size, high selectivity, good performance in-band, and wide stopbands is obtained. Simulation results are in excellent agreement with UWB BPF ideal case. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
315 - Design, Simulation and Fabrication of a Wideband Filter Using Multi-Mode Resonators in Three Layer Stripline Structure
Mehdi Karimiyan Pedram Seyed eftetahi Amir Mohammad KhezriIn this paper, in order to overcome the coupling and fabrication constraints of microstrip structures, 3 layer stripline structure be introduced and based on impedance steps and microwave coupled lines as impedance inverters and multi mode resonators, new and miniaturiz MoreIn this paper, in order to overcome the coupling and fabrication constraints of microstrip structures, 3 layer stripline structure be introduced and based on impedance steps and microwave coupled lines as impedance inverters and multi mode resonators, new and miniaturized structures are proposed. Using this structure, several 2-6 GHz wideband filters has been designed and simulated, and some effective techniques to reducing virtual resonances and improving slope of filter introduced. Finally, a wideband filter is fabricated and using simulation and measurement, efficiency of method is shown. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
316 - The position of the virtual city in creating employment and sustainable tourism development (Case study of District 12 of Tehran)
zohreh azadfallah zynab karkabadi abbas arghanToday, no industry can play a decisive role in national and transnational competition without the use of information and communication technologies. Tourism is the main element of the movement towards the revitalization and reconstruction of (urban) areas. The aim of th MoreToday, no industry can play a decisive role in national and transnational competition without the use of information and communication technologies. Tourism is the main element of the movement towards the revitalization and reconstruction of (urban) areas. The aim of this study is the virtual urban position in creating employment and sustainable development of tourism in Tehran's 12th district. Focusing on the indicators of the virtual city should be paid special attention by the officials of governmental and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and this should lead to the prosperity and development of the study area. - It has been an analysis that in order to achieve these goals, methods of analyzing the income from tourists and its impact on employment and unemployment have been used. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve a sustainable development, especially in the field of sustainable tourism development, a special and non-arbitrary look (bottom-up planning) to the category of tourism, which is one of the ways to achieve sustainable development. And the virtual city and tourism seeks sustainable development and employment of the region if it protects the environment of the region and its environmental resources and cultural heritage, and respects the dignity of the indigenous community living in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
317 - The Use of Virtual Reality Technology during the Outbreak of the Covid 19 Epidemic in the Tourism Industry (A Case study of the Museum of Ancient Iran)
yazdan Shirmohammadi Abase KianiThe current research aims to investigate the use of virtual reality during the Covid-19 pandemic in the tourism industry (case study, museum of ancient Iran). In terms of its objective, the current research is an applied one and as its nature and method are regarded it MoreThe current research aims to investigate the use of virtual reality during the Covid-19 pandemic in the tourism industry (case study, museum of ancient Iran). In terms of its objective, the current research is an applied one and as its nature and method are regarded it uses a field-based descriptive-correlation methodology. The statistical population of the research includes all of the tourists referred to the virtual site of the museum of ancient Iran. Using the Cochran formula for determining sample size through simple random sampling, 384 individuals were chosen as the statistical community among whom 379 responded to the questionnaires. The data was collected using the library and experimental methods. To score the items, each item was given a score based on a Likert five-point scale (completely disagree- completely agree). To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach alpha was run which indicated optimal reliability. To analyze the data, the SPSS 24 was used for the descriptive statistics and the structural equations of PLS3 were used for the inferential statistics. The results indicated that the authentic experience influences positively, directly, and significantly on tourists' visit willingness through the variables of cognitive response, affective response, and attachment to virtual reality tours in the museum of ancient Iran during the Covid-19 pandemic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
318 - The Analysis of Shiite Hadith documents about the place and manner of birth of Imam Ali
ghasem bostaniThere are well-known Sayings among the Shiites about the place and manner of birth of Imam Ali (as); Like his birth in the Kaaba, or the removal of the Kaaba wall and his mother's entry into the Kaaba from there. The origin of all these beliefs is narrations. Therefore, MoreThere are well-known Sayings among the Shiites about the place and manner of birth of Imam Ali (as); Like his birth in the Kaaba, or the removal of the Kaaba wall and his mother's entry into the Kaaba from there. The origin of all these beliefs is narrations. Therefore, it is appropriate to ask what are the Shiite hadith documents in this regard. Also, given that we know that narrations have suffered problems throughout history, we must ask how credible these documents are in terms of isnad and content. In this study, we want to collect the Hadiths related to the birth of Ali (AS) in the Kaaba from Shiite hadith sources, and examine them in terms of isnad and content in order to find answers to the above-mentioned questions. We want to identify the different versions of the story of the birth of Ali (AS) and find out which of them is the most acceptable report about his birth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
319 - Hadis Centrality in Ahvaz and its position in Holism of Jafari Jurisprudence In the second and third centuries
mehdi nedaei Mohammad Reza HedayatpanahAhvaz region has had its period of scientific flourishing in the second and third centuries AH and recorded as the Central of Hadis competence.Muhaddiths like Faddala b. Ayyub, Hassan Ibn Saeed and Hussein Ibn Saeed Hamad Ahwazi, Ali ibn Mahziar Ahvazi, and Hazini Ahvaz MoreAhvaz region has had its period of scientific flourishing in the second and third centuries AH and recorded as the Central of Hadis competence.Muhaddiths like Faddala b. Ayyub, Hassan Ibn Saeed and Hussein Ibn Saeed Hamad Ahwazi, Ali ibn Mahziar Ahvazi, and Hazini Ahvazi are among the scholars who, apart from their roles as representatives of a'imma, had effective bearings in significant Shi'i scientific schools ( Hawza'Ilmiyya), and some of them such as Hammad brothers Ahvazi had defining roles in revolution in holism of Shii Fiqh by compiling thirty-way Fiqhi books about topics from purification to blood money. As long as, their holism on Hadis was determined as criteria for other Shii Muhaddith and Mujtahids.This hadith center has been neglected in Shiite history books. This paper aims to examine Hawza Ilmiyya ( Scientific religious school) in Ahvaz as a Shii Hadis center And express its role in Holism of Jafari Jurisprudence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
320 - An analysis on the ethical component of brand personality in higher education
maryam rahmani manesh Badri ShahtalebiThe aim of this study is to analyze the ethical component of brand personality in higher education by means of thematic analysis.The themes of brand personality in the first phase(qualitative)were identified by the method of content analysis in the research environment MoreThe aim of this study is to analyze the ethical component of brand personality in higher education by means of thematic analysis.The themes of brand personality in the first phase(qualitative)were identified by the method of content analysis in the research environment of information sources in the field of brand and brand personality in reputable internet databases by the method of targeted sampling of the angel-oriented63titles of articles and books. In the second phase(Quantitative)the statistical community consisting of faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of Iran was selected by the non-random sampling method available to32universities.The research tool,the questionnaire of123dialects of the researcher was developed.To inferential analysis of the questionnaire data,the method of factor analysis confirmation is used,according to which the content of the organizer of the ethics of the circuit includes two basic themes of value for Virtue and moral reconstruction.The results of the factor analysis for the validation of the model,the value of virtue with a factor load of90/0is a sign of the high explanatory effect,and all subjects with a high factor load were approved,which was a sign of the high validity of the model.Also,the values of the Cornbrash’salpha coefficient are82/0in the base measurement,which indicates high internal correlation in the subject reagents.Results canbe used as an appropriate model of brand personality with orbital ethics to create strategic tactics in the success of the future of higher education because the University with orbital ethics brand personality has a significant impact on university outcomes and increases productivity Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
321 - Pathology of SHAD network based on the effectiveness of curriculum elements from the point of view of primary school teachers
Majid kahrazahi Abbas AnarinejadThe present research has investigated the effectiveness and implementation of curriculum elements in the Shaad network from the perspective of primary school teachers.The present study is a research mixed with(qualitative-quantitative)approach,in terms of the objective, MoreThe present research has investigated the effectiveness and implementation of curriculum elements in the Shaad network from the perspective of primary school teachers.The present study is a research mixed with(qualitative-quantitative)approach,in terms of the objective, it is applied and descriptive-analytical.The statistical population of the research includes allprimary school teachers of the academic year1399-1400in the central part of Mirjaveh city,Sistan and Baluchistan province.The sample selection method was also purposeful;In this way,3 teachers and a total of 30people were selected for interview from every10elementary schools.The data collection tool in the qualitative part was the semi-structured interviews with primary school teachers, and in the quantitative approach, the use of researcher-made questionnaires.The method of qualitative data analysis three coding steps and for quantitative data, descriptive statistics was used. After analyzing the obtained data with emphasis on the main elements of the curriculum, 4general (main)categories,29sub-categories and81basic categories were identified as the most important key components for the pathology of the shad network.The results of the research showed that the degree of effectiveness and realization of curriculum elements(including goals,content, teaching-learning and evaluation methods)in the Shad network is relatively favorable;However, there is still a long way to reach the desired conditions, especially in the teaching-learning and evaluation methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
322 - Model of managers' competency with e-learning approach (virtual) (Case study: Islamic Azad University, Khuzestan Branch)
hadi Kezerouni Shamiri Saeid moradi jamal salimi esfandyar doshmanzyari batol fagharamThe present study was conducted to identify the competencies of managers of e-learning (virtual) approach in the Islamic Azad University, Khuzestan Branch. This study is a combination of meta-analysis of qualitative research. The studied statistical population in the qu MoreThe present study was conducted to identify the competencies of managers of e-learning (virtual) approach in the Islamic Azad University, Khuzestan Branch. This study is a combination of meta-analysis of qualitative research. The studied statistical population in the qualitative part of the research is based on the data theory of the foundation. The research method is data based on the type of research. The statistical population of experts (at least 5 years of management experience) 30 people were selected by snowball method. The method of data collection was interview to theoretical saturation. The methods of data analysis were open coding, axial coding and selective coding. The results of the analysis of the interviews showed that the meritocracy components of the managers of the Islamic Azad University of Khuzestan Province led to the identification of 186 items, 12 components and 4 dimensions. In a small part, Friedman test was used and priorities were used based on mean weighting. Specialized - knowledge competencies (educational competencies, research competencies, scientific competencies, skill competencies), communicative competencies (individual competencies, organizational competencies, social competencies), competencies Structural-professional orientation (technological and technological competencies, intellectual competencies, personality competencies) Moral-value competencies (doctrinal competencies, spiritual "religious and cultural" competencies) were formed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
323 - Designing and validation of blended instruction based on virtual social networks in university instruction
Zahra Azad Disfani Hossein kareshki Seyed Amir Amin Yazdi Mohammad Saeed AbdekhodaeeThis study sought to design and validate a virtual social networks -based blended instruction with social constructivist approach in university instruction. To accomplish the objectives of the research, a mixed method research was used. In order to obtain the design of MoreThis study sought to design and validate a virtual social networks -based blended instruction with social constructivist approach in university instruction. To accomplish the objectives of the research, a mixed method research was used. In order to obtain the design of blended instruction, the deductive content analysis was performed in the qualitative section and a questionnaire survey method was applied to assess the experts judgments in the quantitative part of internal validation. After theoretical defining of each of the main concepts of the research, by referring to available scientific literature on the components of social-constructivism education, virtual social networks based instruction, and blended instruction, in the period 2000-2018, a total of 53 scientific texts were selected and studied by purposeful sampling. Based on the content analysis the following items were identified: the determination of instructional goals and content, the determination of instructional tools and media, the determination of instructional elements for implementation, the design of interaction and evaluation with elements of each of these components were identified. Finally, based on existing instructional design patterns, the design of virtual social network -based blended instruction was presented with a social constructivism approach. The results of internal validation indicated that the proposed instruction plan has a good and valid credit and has the effectiveness required for university instruction. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
324 - The Investigation of Direct and Indirect Effects of Virtual Social Networks on Students Social and Learning Outcomes
Rzgar Mohammadi Ayoub FaizyThe aim of this research was the investigation of direct and indirect effects of virtual social networks on student’s social and learning outcomes. Research method was casual-correlation. The statistical population of this research included 4500 students of Islami MoreThe aim of this research was the investigation of direct and indirect effects of virtual social networks on student’s social and learning outcomes. Research method was casual-correlation. The statistical population of this research included 4500 students of Islamic Azad University and Payame Noor University of Saqez in the 2016-17 academic year. According to the statistical population and using Krejcie & Morgan sampling table, 354 people were selected as the sample by stratified random sampling method. In order to collect research data, Yan Yu et al. virtual social networks, social and learning outcomes questionnaires were used. The questionnaire has 26 items that measure research variables included: using virtual social networks, acculturation, social acceptance, self-esteem, satisfaction of University life and performance proficiency. To assess the validity of this questionnaire, formal and content validity and to assess reliability exploratory factor analysis and coefficient of Cronbach's alpha were used. Cronbach's alpha was 0.85. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test and path analysis using SPSS and Amos software. The result showed that using virtual social networks has a positive and significant relationship with social outcomes and learning outcomes. Also, the results of path analysis showed that using virtual social networks does not directly affect the learning outcomes, but by mediating social outcomes has indirectly effect on the outcomes of student learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
325 - Identifying and Prioritizing of the Effective Factors on Brand Building of Virtual Education at the University of Isfahan
Soheila Mehrabi Bibi Eshrat Zamani Seyed Bagher RashidThe main purpose of the study was to identify and prioritize the effective factors on Brand Buildingof virtual education at the University of Isfahan. In terms of purpose it was an applied study, and in terms of the nature of the method it was exploratory mixed. The pop MoreThe main purpose of the study was to identify and prioritize the effective factors on Brand Buildingof virtual education at the University of Isfahan. In terms of purpose it was an applied study, and in terms of the nature of the method it was exploratory mixed. The population of the study was all virtual students in three majors of library and information science, executive management and MBA at the University of Isfahan in 2014-2015 academic year. 188 students were chosen as the sample through random sampling method based on Morgan and Krejcie’s table. Using sources as libraries, internet and experts’ opinion, branding features of universities were extracted and used to make a questionnaire that was used for data collection. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. After identifying and classifying components of branding of the virtual education as four main categories: Human, Strategy, Infrastructure and Process, all items for each component were investigated and prioritized. The results showed that intuition cost in the strategy component, easy access to a university portal in the infrastructure component, appointing expertise employees in the human component, and finally financial support for students in the process dimension were the most important factors for branding in virtual education at the University of Isfahan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
326 - Identify the Constructive Components of Virtual Education in High schools of the Cities of Tehran Province
Zahra Taghizadeh Ghavam Alireza Araghieh Abbas KhorshidiThe present study has been designed to identify the constructive components of virtual education in the high schools of the cities of Tehran province. This research was practical and quantitative, which was a cross-sectional survey type. The statistical population inclu MoreThe present study has been designed to identify the constructive components of virtual education in the high schools of the cities of Tehran province. This research was practical and quantitative, which was a cross-sectional survey type. The statistical population included all employees of the department of education in Tehran province. A stratified random sampling method was used to select the representative sample group as well as increasing the accuracy of the measurements, during which 181 employees were selected as a sample. The measuring instrument of research was a researcher-made questionnaire and its reliability according to Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.97. Data analysis was carried out in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics. The participants' response was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis using SPSS software. The results of factor analysis indicated that the components of virtual training consist of 10 factors and 141 indicators, as follows: The first factor is educational planning with 58 indicators, the second factor is favorable learning with 21 indicators, the third factor is relationship with 14 indicators, the fourth factor is productivity with 11 indicators, the fifth factor is virtual environment with 9 indicators, the sixth factor is feedback with 5 indicators, the seventh factor is educational technology with 6 indicators, the eighth factor is rational thinking with 5 indicators, the ninth factor is curriculum with 5 indicators, and the tenth factor is educational justice with 7 indicators. In total, these indicators and factors explain about 45% of the total variance of virtual training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
327 - Relationship between Using Mobile Phone’s Virtual Social Media and Students’ Academic Procrastination, Feeling Lonely and Mental Health
Majid Soleymani Esmaeil Sadipoor Hassan AsadzadehThe present study aimed to investigate the relationship between using virtual social media in mobile phone and students’ academic procrastination, feeling lonely and mental health. This study was a descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population was MoreThe present study aimed to investigate the relationship between using virtual social media in mobile phone and students’ academic procrastination, feeling lonely and mental health. This study was a descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population was made up of all third year high school students of public schools in Qom who were studied in 2015-2016 academic year. Out of the total 2414 students who comprised the population of this study, 334 were selected as sample based on Krejcie and Morgan table via a simple random sampling. Following visiting the schools, the aforesaid students were given and completed four questionnaires for data collection on using mobile phone’s virtual social media (researcher made), academic procrastination, feeling lonely and general health. The validity of tools was reported via face validity, criterion validity, internal consistency, and acceptable concurrent validity, respectively. The reliability, also, was calculated through Cronbach's Alpha coefficient which were obtained 0.88, 0.92, 0.89, and 0.88, respectively. Data analysis was carried out via Pearson Correlation test, linear regression analysis, and SPSS software. The results of the study revealed that the extent of using virtual social media has a direct relationship with academic procrastination and feeling lonely, and has a negative relationship with mental health. Furthermore, the variables of academic procrastination, feeling lonely and mental health contribute to predict the extent of using mobile phone’s virtual social media. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
328 - The Evaluation of Virtual Education in View Point Virtual E-learning Centers in Universities of Tehran from Students
رمضان جهانیان Shukufe EtebarThe Purpose of the present research was to evaluate the virtual education in virtual E-learning centers from students, viewpoints. The research method was a descriptive and survey one .The statistical population included 400 students participating in the E-learning cent MoreThe Purpose of the present research was to evaluate the virtual education in virtual E-learning centers from students, viewpoints. The research method was a descriptive and survey one .The statistical population included 400 students participating in the E-learning centers in state Universities of town Tehran in 2009-2010 academic year the statistical sample consisted of 196 students who were selected through purposive sampling method based on Morgan table. The measurement device was a form of Likert scale five-choice researcher- made questionnaire .The findings of the research showed that the students participating in virtual E-learning centers were satisfied with the access to facilities of virtual training centers, learning through this method and using virtual education, though they did not have positive attitude towards virtual training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
329 - Ranking the Social Network-Based Designing Educational Tools Components in Schools Based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Somayeh Kazemi Sarmeli Babak TeimoorpourThe purpose of this research was ranking the components of educational tools based on social network in schools using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in order to be able to use social network tools to increase productivity in the process of education at virtual schoo MoreThe purpose of this research was ranking the components of educational tools based on social network in schools using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in order to be able to use social network tools to increase productivity in the process of education at virtual schools. The research method was descriptive survey. The sample included 59 male and female experts and the audience (students, teachers and principals) with the age range of 18 to 45 at Roodbar City schools. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire performed based on AHP in 2013. Analysis was done by Expert Choice software. The results showed that among the six original criteria including performance management, performance effectiveness evaluation, security, interactions management, data and processes, both "management performance" and "performance effectiveness evaluation" were assigned as the highest priority for learning-teaching process. Also privacy and security were both equally important, which indicated that maintaining security should be the top priority in e-learning process in virtual schools. Other important measures included data management, interaction and process. The least priority was process management because many of its indexes are included in the present educational system and are being used in all schools of the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
330 - Studying and Designing the Pedagogical Pattern in Virtual Higher Education
Ruhollah Bagheri Majd Mir Mohammad Seyed Abbaszadeh Yadollah Mehr Alizadeh Sekineh ShahiDesigning a pedagogical pattern in virtual higher education, in order to establish more concentration, make necessary prediction, prepare suitable investment, and supply strategic program in learning system is a necessary and urgent step. So the goal of the present stud MoreDesigning a pedagogical pattern in virtual higher education, in order to establish more concentration, make necessary prediction, prepare suitable investment, and supply strategic program in learning system is a necessary and urgent step. So the goal of the present study was to design pedagogical pattern (teaching and learning) in electronic higher education. This study has been conducted by mixed method with qualitative and quantitative patterns using researcher-made questionnaire with 29 questions, whose reliability was 0.91. Statistical population of the study included 517 faculty members of Shahid Chamran University, among whom, based on Krejcie and Morgan table, 220 individuals were selected as sample through stratified random sampling method. Based on exploratory factor analysis and descriptive and content analysis, the results revealed significance of factors such as planning and resources management, learner orientation, flexibility and communication instruments, evaluation, student profiling, learning methods and strategies, organizing, design method, aims analysis, medium analysis, learner and content analyses, tenets, technology, evaluation tool, virtual quality, time management, employment management, virtual behavior and thought, education priority, and virtual experiment, which have been presented as descriptive pattern in findings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
331 - Relationship between Conceptions of Learning and Learning Strategies in Virtual and Real Space Learners
Fatemeh Abbasi Hosein Pourshahriar Jalil FathabadiThe purpose of the present research was to investigate the relationship between conceptions of learning with cognitive and metacognitive strategies, and identifying the relative contribution of each of them in predicting learning strategies approaches by virtual space a MoreThe purpose of the present research was to investigate the relationship between conceptions of learning with cognitive and metacognitive strategies, and identifying the relative contribution of each of them in predicting learning strategies approaches by virtual space and real space learners and these two groups were compared. Correlational research method was used in this study. The statistical population of this research included staff of professional and technical centers to be fitted that taught ICDL skill. The size of this population was approximately 18000 people due to the high volume that fitted the community of available sampling methods were used. In order to find this, based on Krejcie and Morgan table, 376 employees of the professional and technical centers who had been earlier taught ICDL skill and had the bachelor and Master degree were chosen as sample. The data collection tools were the Karami learning strategies and Conceptions of Learning, after confirming the validity and reliability were used. Data were analyzed using multiple regression test, two independent samples t test and Correlation coefficient. Results indicated that there was significant difference between cognitive and metacognitive, and conceptions of learning by virtual space and real space learners. Results indicated that learning as a duty, remembering and personal change was the meaningful predicting factors of cognitive and metacognitive approaches by virtual space and real space learners. As well as those who were trained in the virtual environment, the amount of cognitive and metacognitive strategies of more use. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
332 - Representation Challenges of Virtual Training in Iran's Higher Education System: A Study of Phenomenological Approach
Mahdi Ghorbankhani Keivan SalehiVirtual training is a unique opportunity to face the limitations of face to face training, realization of the education goals for all and contextualization for sustainable and balanced development in the country. The present study was done to analyze the perceptions and MoreVirtual training is a unique opportunity to face the limitations of face to face training, realization of the education goals for all and contextualization for sustainable and balanced development in the country. The present study was done to analyze the perceptions and lived experience of students and faculty members about the challenges of virtual training in higher education. For this purpose, phenomenological method was used to identify and representation the depth of the phenomenon under study. Data were collected using purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews with twenty students and faculty members of virtual courses of University of Tehran and were analyzed by Colaizzi's method. In the sixteenth interview data saturation was achieved but to validate the findings continued interviews until the twentieth person. Analysis of the interviews led to the identification of five main categories, including challenges related to the 'University', 'professors', 'students', 'LMS' and 'virtual class'. The results showed that virtual training in the higher education system are facing diverse challenges and is very far to achieve optimal conditions and improve the quality requires a serious attention of custodians and lack of discrimination in this type of education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
333 - Evaluating Factors Influencing Success of Virtual Education in Research Institute of Petroleum Industry
Kamran Mohammadkhani Amir Hossein Mohammad Davoudi Atefeh JalaliUsing virtual education helps in creating, managing and developing education effectively, rapidly and economically. The success of virtual education today stands among the most significant subjects in the educational administration. The purpose of the present study was MoreUsing virtual education helps in creating, managing and developing education effectively, rapidly and economically. The success of virtual education today stands among the most significant subjects in the educational administration. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the factors influencing the success of virtual education including system quality, information and content quality, facilitative factor, teachers' quality, teachers-students interaction and operators' intention. The research method was descriptive and survey. Data gathering instrument was a self-administered questionnaire approved by the experts. The reliability was calculated using Cronbach coefficient with the ratio of 0.92. The statistical population of the study consisted of all experts in the Research Institute of Petroleum industry (RIPI) who had passed the related virtual education in 2012 (N=250). Using stratified random sampling, 156 people were chosen as sample. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation was used. Inferential statistics including Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-sample t test and Freidman test were used to verify the hypotheses. Results showed that the factors influencing the success of virtual education in the (RIPI) were evaluated in an appropriate condition. Prioritizing the factors, it was also revealed that information and content qualify, operators' intention and system qualify stood in better conditions comparing the other factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
334 - Assessing the Effectiveness of Teachers’ In-Service Virtual Training System
Fereidoon YazdaniThis study aimed to assess the effectiveness of teachers’ in-service virtual training system. The method of the study was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the study included all 2040 teachers who have participated at least once in one of the teach MoreThis study aimed to assess the effectiveness of teachers’ in-service virtual training system. The method of the study was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the study included all 2040 teachers who have participated at least once in one of the teachers’ in-service virtual training courses. For sampling, a convenience method was used, through which 325 subjects were selected. For data gathering, a researcher-made questionnaire, namely 'questionnaire for value-satisfaction assessment of virtual training system' was used. Validity of the questionnaire based on Lawshe’s Content Validity Ratio was 0.63. Reliability of the questionnaire was estimated using Chronbach's Alpha test that was 0.92 and 0.90 for constructs value and satisfaction, respectively. Results revealed that there was no significant correlation between value and satisfaction constructs, so they were independent constructs. Furthermore, the results out of the data analysis with value-satisfaction grid analysis indicated that teachers' in-service virtual training system was effective neither at any one of four dimensions (supporting quality, content quality, availability and technology) nor with respect to the overall system. In addition, the results out of data analysis by benchmarking instrument of LeVIS index showed that the effectiveness status of teachers’ virtual system both at any one of four dimensions and with respect to the overall system was moderate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
335 - Evaluation of Learning Management System of e-Learning Center of Tehran University
Sajad Jamshidikia Pourandokht Fazelian Zohre KhoshneshinLearning Management System are highly complex and under the web programs which in recent year's most educational centers have paid special attention to it. This study investigated one aspect of this system with regards to evaluation of the quality of these systems, in t MoreLearning Management System are highly complex and under the web programs which in recent year's most educational centers have paid special attention to it. This study investigated one aspect of this system with regards to evaluation of the quality of these systems, in the Tehran Electronic Universities. The descriptive- survey method was used. The statistical population was all students in Tehran Electronic University in 2014. 143 student of Electronic University of Tehran and 10 specialists in instructional technology at the master level, in the university were selected as sample by stratified random sampling method. The researcher made questionnaire was used for gathering the data. The validity of it was approved by specialists. The reliability was calculated by using Cronbach Alpha and was 0.93. The results showed that the highest and lowest sub-components from experts point of view was the technical quality (59.60) and accountability (47.70) and from student’s point of view was evaluating technical quality components (62.92) and evaluating accountability (52.21). In general, the results indicated that the quality of learning administrative systems in Electronic University of Tehran, based on the evaluations, is significantly higher than the mean (50%) and lower than optimal level (75%). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
336 - Investigating the Status of Virtual Courses of Educators’ In-Service Training (A Case Study: Educators of Dehloran Area)
Rezvan Hakimzadeh Ahmad Malekipour Mousa Malekipour Erfaneh GhasempourThe purpose of this study was to investigate the virtual courses of educators’ in-service training. This research adopted a descriptive approach to conduct the study using survey method. Its statistical population consisted of 881 teachers in Dehloran in 2014. Usi MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the virtual courses of educators’ in-service training. This research adopted a descriptive approach to conduct the study using survey method. Its statistical population consisted of 881 teachers in Dehloran in 2014. Using the stratified sampling, the sample size was determined as 267 persons by Morgan and Krejcie table, of whom 134 were men and 133 were women who answered the researcher-made questionnaire being prepared based on theoretical foundations of the study as well as previous studies. Face and content validities of the questionnaire were also confirmed using the ideas of a number of experts and specialists of virtual training courses, and the questionnaire reliability was estimated as 0.88 using Chronbach's alpha coefficient. The Kolmogorov Smirnov and Binominal (proportions) tests were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the lack of provision of necessary infrastructures and facilities for virtual training courses effectiveness and lack of the virtual training courses effectiveness compared to attending courses sit among the challenges. Moreover, educational courses compatible with the needs of educators and acquisition of necessary skills for effective use of in-service virtual training courses can be seen as opportunities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
337 - Virtual Science Curriculum Design for First Year of Secondary Education (Ninth Grade)
fereshteh afkari Gholam Ali Ahmadi seyedeh Fatemeh shamshirgarnThe present study aimed to design a virtual curriculum of the 9th grade (1st high school) science course. The research method is a combined or mixed with an applied purpose. The method used within this research is an applied method in terms of its purpose and in terms o MoreThe present study aimed to design a virtual curriculum of the 9th grade (1st high school) science course. The research method is a combined or mixed with an applied purpose. The method used within this research is an applied method in terms of its purpose and in terms of its implementation, it is a combination or a mixed type. The statistical population under study were the science textbook and the teacher’s guidebook. The components and indicators were both extracted from the junior high school science textbook and the teacher’s guidebook. The validity of the designed curriculum’s content was confirmed by 14 curriculum experts. Likewise, its reliability was determined through a researcher-made questionnaire which was handed to them; The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was estimated to be 0.98.The virtual curriculum of ninth-grade science was designed with regards to the curriculum elements: curriculum objectives, content preparation and organization, designing learning activities, teaching methods, and evaluation methods Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
338 - Phenomenological analysis of the lived experiences of professors and students of virtual education in the Iranian higher education system
Mina KarimiAbstract The present study uses a qualitative and phenomenological approach to analyze the lived experiences of students and professors of the challenges of virtual education in the Iranian higher education system. Participants in the study included 25 students in diffe MoreAbstract The present study uses a qualitative and phenomenological approach to analyze the lived experiences of students and professors of the challenges of virtual education in the Iranian higher education system. Participants in the study included 25 students in different undergraduate fields and 15 faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Khodabandeh Branch with different educational orientations who had at least five years of teaching experience and were selected using purposive sampling method. Semi-structured individual interview method was used to collect data to reach theoretical saturation. The obtained data were analyzed using thematic coding method and the findings were organized in the form of open, axial and selected codes. Findings from the lived experiences of students and professors were identified in 3 main themes (advantages of using e-learning, problems of using e-learning and finally providing suggestions for improving and upgrading these trainings) and 6 sub-themes) (Economic, educational, health, temporal, cultural and technological). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
339 - Factors affecting the tendency to virtual social networks: Case study of Farhangian University student-teachers
Batool SabzehThe development of new communication technologies and virtual social networks in the last two decades has led to ideological and attitude changes, especially among the younger generation. In this regard, the present article was conducted with the aim of investigating th MoreThe development of new communication technologies and virtual social networks in the last two decades has led to ideological and attitude changes, especially among the younger generation. In this regard, the present article was conducted with the aim of investigating the trend towards virtual social networks and the factors affecting it. The research method used by the Commission is a survey in which data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire tool among 900 people selected by a multi-stage cluster sampling method in 2009. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the most important variables affecting the rate of student-teacher orientation to social networks, respectively, include attitudes towards social networks, religiosity, and the level of trust in social networks. Other variables such as gender, age, and length of time to join social networks have had a significant but slight effect on social media orientation. In total, these variables have been able to explain about 43% of the variance in virtual social media trends. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
340 - Describing the Problems of virtual Education via Shad application in Corona Pandemic: This is a phenomenological study
jamal haji mojgan Mohammadi Mehr Hadigha Muhammad azarBy spreading Corona pandemic, unprecedented conditions have been imposed on country's education system.so that educating in schools is on virtual space. This study's purpose is investigating the problems of education on virtual space by using Shad application in the Cor MoreBy spreading Corona pandemic, unprecedented conditions have been imposed on country's education system.so that educating in schools is on virtual space. This study's purpose is investigating the problems of education on virtual space by using Shad application in the Corona pandemic period. This study has been done in qualitative approach framework and by using phenomenological method. Information was collected by using semi-structured interviews. Participants were 20 teachers of primary school in Mahabad who were selected through purposive sampling and the interviews continued until the theoretical saturation. Analyzing data was performed using the seven step Colaizzi method. Results showed that teachers' perception about problems and challenges of education on Shad application, includes 6 general contents. Problems related to students and parents (3 sub-items), problems related to teachers (3 sub-items), content problems (2 sub-items), problems related to facilities (2 sub-items), organizational problems (2 sub-items), evaluation problems (2 sub-items). virtual education, Shad application, Corona pandemic, Phenomenology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
341 - Examining the dimensions of the virtual approach to the development of fourth generation universities
manzar sadeghi kioumars niazazari Maryam Taghvaeei YazdiThe purpose of this study was to “investigate dimensions of the virtual approach to the development of fourth-generation universities”. The present research was carried out with an applied purpose with a mixed approach, and an exploratory design was used. In MoreThe purpose of this study was to “investigate dimensions of the virtual approach to the development of fourth-generation universities”. The present research was carried out with an applied purpose with a mixed approach, and an exploratory design was used. In the qualitative section, the sample size included twelve members of the faculty that were selected using Purposive samplingconsidering saturation law, and in the quantitative section, 255 faculty members including assistant professors from universities in Mazandaran province were selected as the sample size using the Cochran formula and Multi-stage cluster random sampling as well as relative proportional classification. The data collection tools in the qualitative section were semi-structured interviews, and in the quantitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The formal and content validity of the tools confirmed by experts. To verify the construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis was used and the average variance of the extracted variables was used to examine the convergent validity. In order to analyze the data in the descriptive statistics section, frequency distribution tables, charts and inferential statistics, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used. Data was analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software. The results showed that virtual infrastructure approach, with impact coefficient (β = 0.93), has a direct and strong effect on the capacity-based learning. In other words, with the increasing utility of virtual infrastructure approach, development of fourth generation universities (Capacity-Based Universities)is improved with strong intensity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
342 - Meta-analysis of the effect of virtual networks and professional development )Case study of student-teachers of Farhangian University of Hamadan)
zohreh roghanian fatemeh moradiThe purpose of this study is to meta-analyze the research conducted on the effect of social networks on the professional development of students of Farhangian University of Hamadan. The method of this research is meta-analysis. Statistical community, all articles in sci MoreThe purpose of this study is to meta-analyze the research conducted on the effect of social networks on the professional development of students of Farhangian University of Hamadan. The method of this research is meta-analysis. Statistical community, all articles in scientific databases, Civilica; Normagz, S.I.D., humanities and articles indexed in journals, between 1300-1400, which were selected from among the works done 34 and after studies, 21 studies were selected due to having the necessary information. . In order to collect the required data, no diffusion bias, heterogeneity, effect size were investigated. Sensitivity and effect size were evaluated using CMA software. The results showed that the size of the virtual network effect is at three levels: high, medium and low. The highest effect size (0.597 and 0.562) is the average effect size (0.329,0.393,0.422) and the lowest effect size (0.195,0.148). Accordingly, there is a significant relationship between virtual networks and the development of the student-teacher profession. And this confirms the impact of virtual networks on the development of student-teacher careers in universities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
343 - The Effectiveness of Programming Training Using Virtual Environment (Scratch Software) in Improving Programming Skills
Ghazaleh Mohamamdi Keyhan Khamforoosh rafigh hasaniThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of programming training using virtual environment (scratch software) in improving the programming skills of students of Azad University, Sanandaj Branch. The research method is semi-experimental with pre-test a MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of programming training using virtual environment (scratch software) in improving the programming skills of students of Azad University, Sanandaj Branch. The research method is semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population consisted of all students who took programming courses in the academic year of 97-98(Iranian year), 16 of whom were selected by random sampling. At the beginning of the study, a pre-test was administered to 16 students, 8 of whom were male and 8 female. The students were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Students in both experimental and control groups had the same level of knowledge and skill in programming. During one semester with the experimental group, scripting graphing software training was used to get to know and understand programming for 10 sessions and each session for 1:30 minutes along with the traditional programming method. Learning programming has been useful and has improved students' skills. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
344 - The effect of virtual reality on learning, memorization and cognitive load
farzaneh gharibi Faezah Nateghi Saeid Mosavipour mohamad seifi, the present study aimed to determine the effect of virtual reality education on learning, memorization and cognitive burden in biology. The research method was quasi-experimental using a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included More, the present study aimed to determine the effect of virtual reality education on learning, memorization and cognitive burden in biology. The research method was quasi-experimental using a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all 10th grade female students in Arak who were randomly selected by cluster sampling of two schools and the method of replacing classes in the experimental and control groups was random. To measure the amount of learning and retention, the Academic Achievement Test was done by the researcher and to measure the amount of load, the Pass and Van Marinboer grading scale was used. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and repeated measures. Findings showed that the learning and retention of the virtual reality group was significantly higher than the group that was trained in the traditional way. Other findings showed a significant reduction in the cognitive load of the virtual reality group compared to the control group. According to the findings, it can be concluded that the correct use of virtual reality in the learning environment allows users to have less effective learning and forgetfulness. Therefore, it is recommended to use the potentials of this technology in teaching different courses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
345 - A Phenomenological Approach of Virtual Education in the Education System: Opportunities, Challenges and Solutions
Kamyar Azemi yaser garavand hasaan jafariVirtual education refers to an approach to teaching and learning that uses information and communication technologies to communicate and collaborate in an educational environment. The aim of this study was to identify the opportunities and challenges of virtual educatio MoreVirtual education refers to an approach to teaching and learning that uses information and communication technologies to communicate and collaborate in an educational environment. The aim of this study was to identify the opportunities and challenges of virtual education. The research design was qualitative and of the phenomenological approach. The participants included 18 teachers, principals and technology experts working in education in Lorestan province who were selected by purposeful sampling method in the academic year 2020-2021. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi''''s method. The accuracy of the data was obtained through the methods of triangulation, peer review and respondent validation. The results showed that 10 main themes and 26 sub-themes were identified. Increasing effectiveness and quality of education, flexibility and expansion of education opportunities, improving interaction and communication, and economic savings were classified as the most important virtual education opportunities. In addition, the key themes of virtual education challenges included issues related to students, teachers, content delivery and quality of education, culture, infrastructure and technology, and social interaction. In general, this study provides a deep understanding of the opportunities and challenges of virtual education in the Iranian education system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
346 - Phenomenological analysis of the factors affecting the teachers' life quality during virtual learning..
marjan torkzadeh zeinab norouzi zad fahimeh dehghaniCoronavirus pandemic has resulted in an unprecedented crisis in employment and educational contexts. The prevalence of these viruses and hereupon virtualization of education have been shown to have negative and detrimental effects on the quality of life and have led to MoreCoronavirus pandemic has resulted in an unprecedented crisis in employment and educational contexts. The prevalence of these viruses and hereupon virtualization of education have been shown to have negative and detrimental effects on the quality of life and have led to arising existing challenges in education and personal life. This study has targeted the factors affecting the teachers' life quality during virtual learning through adopting a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The statistical population of this study included teachers living in Isfahan, 17 of whom were selected through purposive sampling to reach saturation value, during 1399-1400 school year. Semi-structured interviews were employed to gather data and Van Manen-based analysis method was employed to analyze the data. The results indicate that the teachers' life quality during virtual learning was affected by twelve sub-themes which were classified into five key factors including economic problems, occupational burnout, reduced interpersonal interactions, lack of leisure time and mental stress. This research can be advantageous to better understand the problems and requirements of teachers community during the virtual learning period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
347 - Iranian teachers' Lived experience of virtual teaching in the early days of the coronavirus epidemic
mohammad hassani Sohaila gholam azad Ahad NaveedyThe aim of this study was to investigate the teaching experiences of teachers in cyberspace at the beginning of the coronary quarantine period. The required data were collected through the implementation of an open-ended questionnaire in cyberspace (shad system and teac MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the teaching experiences of teachers in cyberspace at the beginning of the coronary quarantine period. The required data were collected through the implementation of an open-ended questionnaire in cyberspace (shad system and teachers' social networks). Teachers' narratives were extracted using software (MAXQDA) analysis, summarization, classification (open, axial and selective coding) and main themes. Two general themes (preparing for the transition from face-to-face pedagogy to virtual / virtual education implementation) and six categories (entering cyberspace / inviting to a virtual class / virtual teaching / virtual homework / evaluating virtual academic achievement / parental cooperation in virtual teaching) Obtained. Findings show that at the beginning of changing their teaching practice from face to face, teachers have simulated their usual educational pattern in cyberspace and have not paid enough attention to the pedagogical knowledge and principles of teaching in cyberspace. There was also widespread pessimism about the quality and effectiveness of e-learning among teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
348 - Investigating the impact of digital welfare on the educational works and Islamic lifestyle of the master's degree students of the Islamic Azad University of Sari in the era of Corona
maryam taghvaeeyazdiThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of digital welfare on the educational effects and Islamic lifestyle of the master's degree students of the Islamic Azad University of Sari during the Corona era. The applied research method was des MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of digital welfare on the educational effects and Islamic lifestyle of the master's degree students of the Islamic Azad University of Sari during the Corona era. The applied research method was descriptive-survey type. The statistical population of this research was all master's students of Sari Islamic Azad University, numbering 165 people in the academic year of 2001-2001. The sample size was determined through the Karjesi and Morgan table of 115 people, and stratified random sampling method was chosen based on gender. The data collection tool was the standard questionnaire of the use of virtual social networks by Khaja Ahmadi et al. (2015) and the researcher-made questionnaire of Islamic lifestyle. The validity of the questionnaires was checked and confirmed by experts and experts. In order to analyze statistical data, descriptive criteria such as mean and standard deviation were used, and in inferential statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and independent t-test were used. The results of the research showed that digital welfare in virtual social networks has influenced the Islamic lifestyle of students (educational programs, leisure time, devotional activities, health and nutrition, political dimension). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
349 - Investigating the effect of interdisciplinary courses in the virtual education system on knowledge production in cyberspace among students of Farhangian University
akram hafezi narges miranisargaziThe general purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of interdisciplinary courses in the virtual education system on knowledge production in cyberspace among students of Farhangian University. The present research is in terms of applied purpose and is in the MoreThe general purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of interdisciplinary courses in the virtual education system on knowledge production in cyberspace among students of Farhangian University. The present research is in terms of applied purpose and is in the category of quasi-experimental research with experimental and control groups along with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population includes all students of Farhangian University of Tehran. First, by using random sampling method among students of different fields and sections of Farhangian University in a simple random way and using online computer software, 40 people as a sample in the academic year 1401-1400 in Farhangian University of Tehran They were studying, they were elected. Research data collection tools include a researcher-made questionnaire to assess the impact of interdisciplinary courses. After data collection, data analysis was performed using spss25 software and analysis of covariance. Analysis results; It is indicated that interdisciplinary virtual education courses affect the production of knowledge in cyberspace among students of Farhangian University in terms of content integration, school and individual integration, integration of skills and processes, and integrationism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
350 - Analysis of cheating among school and college students in virtual exams
mehdi shomaliahmadabadi atefe barkhordariahmadabadiThe aim of this study was to analyze cheating among school and college students in virtual exams. The present study is retrospective in terms of purpose and methodological and post-event studies in terms of method. The study population was high school students (1370 peo MoreThe aim of this study was to analyze cheating among school and college students in virtual exams. The present study is retrospective in terms of purpose and methodological and post-event studies in terms of method. The study population was high school students (1370 people) and undergraduate students in Ardakan (1130 people) who were selected by voluntary sampling of 220 high school students and 236 undergraduate students in the academic year 2021-2022 as a research sample. Were. To collect information, attitudes to cheating questionnaires (appropriate face validity and reliability coefficient of 0.89) and exam cheating methods (appropriate face validity and reliability coefficient of 0.78) and to analyze the data, independent t-test was used. The results showed that Covid-19 increased the rate and attitudes of students to cheat on exams. Also, the mean scores of students in the rate and attitude to cheating were significantly higher than students (P<0.001). Due to the increase in cheating in virtual exams in Pandemic Covid-19, it is necessary to use efficient evaluation methods in virtual exams of schools and universities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
351 - Factors affecting on satisfaction of students towards virtual training courses during COVID-19 pandemic era
Fatemeh Rahimi Feyzabad Yousof Azadi Saeid Gholam rezaeiThis study is designed to investigate factors affecting Lorestan university students satisfaction and loyalty towards virtual training courses in the second semester of the academic year 2019-2020 through cross-sectional survey method. The statistical population consist MoreThis study is designed to investigate factors affecting Lorestan university students satisfaction and loyalty towards virtual training courses in the second semester of the academic year 2019-2020 through cross-sectional survey method. The statistical population consisted of all in Lorestan university students (N= 7000) participated in university virtual training courses simple random sampling by Krejcie and Morgan table resulted to select 490 students. Data collection in this study was done through a online questionnaire that American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) was used to measure satisfaction. After preparing the questionnaire and confirming its validity by experts, its reliability was confirmed by calculating theta reliability (α= %78- %94). Structural equation modeling was used to determine factors influencing students’ satisfaction through AMOSversion24. The results revealed that, perceived value variable had the highest direct impact on respondents’ satisfaction and satisfaction in tern had the highest direct impact on students’ loyalty toward virtual training courses. Another way, variable of students expectations of virtual training courses have the highest indirect effect on students’ satisfaction and loyalty. In addition, the sums of the direct and indirect impacts of expectations had the highest impact on students’ satisfaction and satisfaction has the highest impact on loyalty toward virtual training courses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
352 - Model of competencies of e-learning teachers in creating self-directed learning of learners
زهره alimardani javad pourkarimiThe purpose of this study is to provide a model of competence of virtual education teachers in creating self-directed learning in learners. The method of the present study was qualitative, which was done phenomenologically in the second semester (1400-1399). The study p MoreThe purpose of this study is to provide a model of competence of virtual education teachers in creating self-directed learning in learners. The method of the present study was qualitative, which was done phenomenologically in the second semester (1400-1399). The study population consisted of 100 faculty members and lecturers in the field of educational sciences and educational psychology of universities (government and Payame Noor). The instrument used was a semi-structured interview, which was collected through correspondence and sending questions via e-mail. The study participants were 15 faculty members who were saturated with this number of data. Data were analyzed using contextual analysis. Based on the content analysis, 19 basic themes and 5 constructive themes related to the competence of virtual instructors were obtained. Findings indicate that the competencies of e-learning teachers include information literacy competencies (individual knowledge, knowledge of educational patterns, technological knowledge, activity framework skills, skills of implementing educational principles); Individual competencies (critical thinking, analytical thinking, responsibility, time management); Educational competencies (participatory learning, competency-based approach, lifelong learning approach, attention to constructive learning) Social competence (adaptability skills, virtual team building skills, effective interaction with learners) and psychological competencies (creativity and innovation, self-assessment), self-efficacy Learners' self-directed learning has a great impact. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
353 - Opportunities and Threats of Virtual Learning in the Corona Pandemic Era: A Phenomenological Study
zetnab azizi hosein hosein nejadFollowing the outbreak of the Covid virus 19 and the implementation of the social distancing plan, virtual school education continued to operate. This study investigates the opportunities and threats of e-learning during the corona pandemic. This study was conducted wit MoreFollowing the outbreak of the Covid virus 19 and the implementation of the social distancing plan, virtual school education continued to operate. This study investigates the opportunities and threats of e-learning during the corona pandemic. This study was conducted within the framework of a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. In this method, in-depth interviews were used to collect information. ض ض ض ض Participants were 20 students and teachers of vocational schools in Kalat city, which was based on the criteria of targeted stratified sampling and sampling continued until saturation. To analyze the findings, the method of summarizing the content of the interview text was used. The findings of this study include four themes and 19 sub-themes: 1- Common problems between students and teachers (6 sub-themes) 2- Problems specific to students (5 sub-themes) 3- Problems specific to teachers in virtual education (3 below Theme) 4- Benefits of e-learning (5 sub-themes). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
354 - Redefining the role of parents in e-learning: elementary school
omolbanin hematipourpurpose of this study is to redefine the role of parents in e-learning. The method of the present research is qualitative and of the data type of the foundation. Library and field methods were used to collect data. The research population consisted of the parents of stu Morepurpose of this study is to redefine the role of parents in e-learning. The method of the present research is qualitative and of the data type of the foundation. Library and field methods were used to collect data. The research population consisted of the parents of students in one of the primary schools in Delijan city, Markazi province, who were selected by purposive non-random sampling method of 15 people. After reaching the theoretical saturation of the data, the process of their analysis was done in three stages of open and axial coding and selective to redefine the role of parents in virtual education. Data validity was ensured through triangulation, confirmation of interview content by the parents themselves, compliance with appropriate requirements with the emergence of the theory of the role of parents in virtual education and data reliability with the participation of experts in data analysis and using a structured process for writing data. Finallythe model of the main role of parents in e-learning was identified with the main categories of provider, facilitator, guide and nurturer. The model can be used as a basis for curriculum design in the education system for efficient and effective management of learning in thefuture Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
355 - Living experience of mothers from virtual education of children during coronary quarantine (phenomenological study)
Atiye Rezayi Mahsa Karimi Fateme Hami KargarWith the spread of corona and the transformation of face-to-face education into virtual education, educating students, especially in adolescence, has been a challenge for parents. The aim of the present study is to understand the lived experience of mothers and its rela MoreWith the spread of corona and the transformation of face-to-face education into virtual education, educating students, especially in adolescence, has been a challenge for parents. The aim of the present study is to understand the lived experience of mothers and its related dimensions and meanings about virtual education during coronary quarantine. The research method is descriptive phenomenology. For this purpose, among Tehran mothers, 15 people who had at least one school child aged 11 to 15 years were selected by purposive sampling method and data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews, and this continued until the researcher reached theoretical saturation. Data analysis was performed by coding and identifying the main and sub-categories using the Klaizi method. Findings of research on mothers' worries and concerns including 4 main themes and 9 sub-categories, respectively: students' cultural and social harms (students' vulnerability in cyberspace, the growth of consumerist culture in students and disorders in students' sociability), and students' mental health risks. Physical and mental injuries), the inefficiency of e-learning (incomplete realization of education and lack of infrastructure for e-learning) and the perceived benefits of e-learning (e-learning opportunities and increasing the ability of students in cyberspace). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
356 - The effect of interaction between teacher and student in the virtual social network on achievement motivation, academic vitality and sense of belonging at school
mojtaba rezaei rad Rohollah Mohammadi atergalehThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of interaction between teacher and student in the virtual social network on achievement motivation, academic vitality and sense of belonging at school. This research was practical in terms of purpo MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of interaction between teacher and student in the virtual social network on achievement motivation, academic vitality and sense of belonging at school. This research was practical in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in terms of research method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population includes all the male students of the second secondary level of Sari city in the academic year of 2021-2022, and based on the GPower sample size calculation software, 72 people were selected as a statistical sample by purposive sampling method. Random assignment 36 people in the control group and another 36 people in the experimental group have been replaced. The measurement tools in the pre-test and post-test were Hermens' achievement motivation, Martin and Marsh's academic vitality, and the sense of belonging at school by Barry et al, the findings showed that teacher-student interaction in the virtual social network had a positive effect on the achievement motivation, academic vitality and sense of belonging at school, so that First, it has had an impact on the academic vitality, and then on the achievement motivation and the sense of belonging at school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
357 - Factors Influencing the Participation of Student-Teachers in Farhangian University Virtual Classes after COVID-19 Pandemic
Ali Saeidi Hamed MeiboudiIn the past decades, virtual education as a type of distance education has been the focus of managers, professors and others. Among the effective factors in increasing the efficiency of this type of education is the participation of students in virtual classes. The aim MoreIn the past decades, virtual education as a type of distance education has been the focus of managers, professors and others. Among the effective factors in increasing the efficiency of this type of education is the participation of students in virtual classes. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting student-teacher participation in virtual classes of Farhangian University of Mashhad. By using descriptive survey research method, Data were obtained through a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was formally confirmed and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (0.85). The statistical population of the study is all student-teachers of undergraduate degrees in Farhangian University in the academic year 2022. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and independent t tests as well as Friedman's model were used to analyze the data. The most important findings of the research showed that positive communication with students, teaching method, critical and open spirit of the teacher, creating a sense of security in discussions, teacher creativity, active role of the teacher, academic satisfaction, knowledge and information of students, sense of belonging and commitment and designing appropriate activities with a degree of importance above 50 are the most important in participation of students in virtual classes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
358 - Identifying Factors Affecting Teachers' Technological Literacy in Virtual Education in Shad Network (Case Study: Ghaemshahr Primary School Teachers)
marzieh niazazari Elaheh Hassan Nejad RudariThe aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the technological literacy of teachers in virtual education in Shad network. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this s MoreThe aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the technological literacy of teachers in virtual education in Shad network. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this study was 142 female teachers in primary schools of Ghaemshahr Education Department in 2021-2022. Sample size using Krejcie and Morgan table, 103 people were selected by simple random sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by expert professors. Its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for all research variables above 0.70. SPSS26 and PLS statistical software were used for data analysis and path analysis was used. The results showed that in-service training, curriculum planning with technological approach, hardware infrastructure, software infrastructure and electrical content are the factors affecting teachers' technological literacy and hardware infrastructure is the most influential factor and curriculum planning factor Technologically, it has the least impact on teachers' technological literacy in virtual education in Shad Network. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
359 - Investigating the Relationship between Media Literacy and Epistemological Beliefs with Technology Acceptance of Primary School Teachers in Yazd
Rooh alah Khadem nia seyed kazem alavi langaroodi ahmad zandavanian hamideh hematiThe aim of this study was to determine the role of media literacy and epistemological beliefs in technology acceptance of primary school teachers. The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study includes all teachers of the MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the role of media literacy and epistemological beliefs in technology acceptance of primary school teachers. The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study includes all teachers of the first and second grades of primary school in Yazd in the academic year 2020-2021, who were totally 2982 teachers; Out of this statistical population, 353 people were selected as the research sample using Cochran's formula by available sampling method. The research data collection tools consisted of three questionnaires: Davis Technology Acceptance, Potter Media Literacy and Schumer's Epistemological Beliefs. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation analysis, multiple regression. The findings showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between media literacy and teachers' epistemological beliefs with their technology acceptance and also 25.8% of the variance of technology acceptance by media literacy and epistemological beliefs has been predicted. In fact, the more primary school teachers enjoy media literacy and epistemological beliefs, the higher the technology acceptance. The results of this research can directly affect the acceptance of future online training courses and virtual course designers can benefit from it in a desirable way. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
360 - Challenges and Barriers to Virtual Learning: A Synthesis of Research Based on Roberts Model
mohamadreza javidiBackground: Virtual education is a new approach to education in formal and informal education systems. In the meantime, identifying the challenges and obstacles of this educational platform will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of this educational approach. Meth MoreBackground: Virtual education is a new approach to education in formal and informal education systems. In the meantime, identifying the challenges and obstacles of this educational platform will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of this educational approach. Method: The approach of the present study is qualitative and its method is synthesis research. The research community is all articles (296 articles) on the challenges and barriers of e-learning. The research sample is 31 articles, which have been purposefully selected based on thematic monitoring, theoretical data saturation. Research data were collected from qualitative analysis of the studied articles.Results: By analyzing the data, the challenges of e-learning were organized in 5 dimensions, 18 factors and 86 components. Based on the findings, the selected components of e-learning challenges include behavioral challenges, organizational challenges, educational challenges, cultural-economic challenges and infrastructural challenges.Conclusion: Identifying the challenges of e-learning provides a good platform to address these challenges and improve e-learning approaches. It is hoped that curriculum planners, taking into account the results of this study and research such as this, which is the result of the existing research background in this field, will take basic steps in order to properly organize e-learning programs Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
361 - Teachers' challenges for virtual education during the corona pandemic: a phenomenological study
Mohsen Soleymani abbas ghanbari baghestanThe spread of the corona virus has caused the closure of face-to-face education and the forced transition of the country's education system to virtual education. After two years, when virtual education has gradually ended and face-to-face education has been establi MoreThe spread of the corona virus has caused the closure of face-to-face education and the forced transition of the country's education system to virtual education. After two years, when virtual education has gradually ended and face-to-face education has been established, it is necessary to study the challenges and problems of virtual education from the perspective of teachers as the main pillar of education. This research has been done with the aim of studying the challenges of virtual education and evaluating teachers of this style of education. This study was conducted in the framework of a qualitative approach and with the phenomenological method, in which data was collected using a semi-structured interview. The interviewees were 12 elementary school teachers in Tehran who were selected through purposive sampling and the interviews were continued until theoretical saturation was reached. The findings of the research showed that teachers' perception of the challenges of virtual education includes 4 main themes and 19 sub-themes, which main themes include material and technological challenges, challenges of education governance, challenges of the hidden elements of education, and challenges of the teacher training system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
362 - Analysis of primary school students' academic failure with emphasis on the happy learning virtual program in the Corona pandemic
toktom jafar tabatabaee ELAHE sarfaraziThe purpose of this study is to investigate the causes of students' academic failure by emphasizing the virtual education of the happy program in the corona pandemic with a qualitative research method of thematic analysis. The statistical population of the study include MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the causes of students' academic failure by emphasizing the virtual education of the happy program in the corona pandemic with a qualitative research method of thematic analysis. The statistical population of the study included the parents of primary school students in South Khorasan province who were selected by purposive sampling method and finally the data were saturated with 36 participants. Data collection tools in this study were semi-structured exploratory interviews due to the novelty of the subject and the lack of sufficient theory on the subject of the research. After collecting the data, they were analyzed by Strauss-Corbin method. Among the extracted concepts, 55 open source codes were classified into 11 code-based and 3 selective codes (contextual causes, educational causes and educational causes). In order to check the validity of the codings, the specialized agreement of the experts on the process and structure of the codings and to evaluate its reliability using the process evaluation form and the final coding structure, the method of agreement between the evaluators was used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
363 - An overview of the role of metaverse in education
Rozita Moshashaei Zahra jamebozorg. The metaverse is a post-reality universe, a persistent and stable multi-user environment that merges physical reality with digital virtuality. This new science is based on the convergence of technologies that enable multisensory interactions with virtual environments More. The metaverse is a post-reality universe, a persistent and stable multi-user environment that merges physical reality with digital virtuality. This new science is based on the convergence of technologies that enable multisensory interactions with virtual environments and digital objects. On the education side, Metaverse enables learners to participate in remote virtual classes while experiencing the elements of a real classroom. It allows organizations to provide better technical training and help them grow. The purpose of this article is to study research related to metaverse in the field of education and increase awareness about its origin and capabilities. This research has been conducted in terms of practical purpose, in terms of qualitative data collection and with a systematic review method. For this purpose, the required resources were searched from various databases using appropriate keywords. Then the documents found were analyzed. The results of the present study can be a guide for researchers to conduct further research in order to resolve research shortcomings and provide a single perspective for meta-education and distance education based on online metaverse Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
364 - Effectiveness Evaluation of Virtual Learning Courses in High Education System of Iran (Case of Ferdowsi University)
Kourosh Fathi Vajargah Mohammad Hasan Pardakhtchi Mehdi RabeeyiThe purpose of the present paper was effectiveness evaluation of virtual learning courses in Ferdowsi University. The research method was survey and its statistical population included 11 professors along with 547 students of virtual learning course. The statistical sam MoreThe purpose of the present paper was effectiveness evaluation of virtual learning courses in Ferdowsi University. The research method was survey and its statistical population included 11 professors along with 547 students of virtual learning course. The statistical sample of professors was equal to their statistical population (11 professors) due to their limited number, and 226 students were selected from the statistical population based on Krejcie and Morgan table. Data collecting process was done by a researcher-designed questionnaire. In order to measure validity of the questionnaire, content validity was used and its reliability was estimated with Cronbach alpha coefficient 0/92 for professors and 0/86 for students. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (one sample and independent sample t tests). The results indicated that the effectiveness of virtual learning courses is Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
365 - The Study of Effective Factors in Stabilizing Virtual In-Service Training Courses Establishment among from Teacher's View Points
Marzieh Rezaee Kalantari Mohammad Salehi Mozhgan RezaeiThe aim of the study was to examine the effective factors in stabilizing virtual in service training courses from teachers view point in Sari in 2011. The research method was a survey one. The statistical population included 5 IT experts, 35 teaching in-service instruct MoreThe aim of the study was to examine the effective factors in stabilizing virtual in service training courses from teachers view point in Sari in 2011. The research method was a survey one. The statistical population included 5 IT experts, 35 teaching in-service instructors and 220 teachers. Statistical sample were selected through stratified random sampling method based on Morgan table. A researcher-made questionnaire was used as a data gathering tool. The validity of questionnaire was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was calculated 0/80 through Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. Data analysis was done by SPSS software using both descriptive and inferential statistic including one sample t test, t independent group and regression analysis test. The results indicated that the three factors, namely, software, hardware and human resource were significantly effective in stabilizing virtual in-service training courses. In addition, although software factors were more effective in stabilizing in-service training, there were significant differences between teachers and instructors viewpoints. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
366 - The relationship of addiction to virtual social networks with time perspective and mental health of students
Ramazan Hassanzadeh Fahimeh GhasemiIntroduction: Today's university education is characterized by rapid and unpredictable changes in the personal experience of individuals. The experience of individuals has changed the psychology of lifestyle time, and many of the relationships between them are still unk MoreIntroduction: Today's university education is characterized by rapid and unpredictable changes in the personal experience of individuals. The experience of individuals has changed the psychology of lifestyle time, and many of the relationships between them are still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between addiction to virtual social networks with time perspective and health behaviors in students. Method: The research method is descriptive correlational. The research population was 1730 students of Joybar Azad University in 1396. 317 people were selected by stratified random sampling method (by grade). Each subject completed the questionnaire of addiction to virtual social networks, time perspective and health behaviors. Results: The results showed that 1% decrease in addiction to virtual social networks, 24% on time spell and 18% on health behaviors, and also increase the amount of time perspective, increase the level of health behaviors. And vice versa. Conclusion: Time lag is a key factor in the abuse of social networks, because with the increase of futurism, learning to delay immediate pleasure and paying attention to the consequences of current practices can lead to increased health behaviors Reducing addiction to cyberspace helped students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
367 - Need Assessment of Developing Vocational and Skill Virtual Education in Mazandaran Province
Ali Asghar Abbasi Asfajir Homa Rezaei GhaleThis study was done to investigate influential factors in developing vocational and skill virtual education approach from the point of views of teachers and principals of vocational and technical high schools of Mazandaran. In this study based on constructional learning MoreThis study was done to investigate influential factors in developing vocational and skill virtual education approach from the point of views of teachers and principals of vocational and technical high schools of Mazandaran. In this study based on constructional learning theory and Charies Wedemeyer theory on developing virtual vocational and skill education, factors affecting vocational and skill virtual education development in technological, cultural-social, pedagogical, economic and strategic aspects were identified and ranked by the use of Delphi method. The statistical population of the study was all teachers and principals in vocational and technical high schools in academic year of 2009-2010. A group of 35 teachers and 27 principals as members of panel were selected through step-wise clustering with respect to the research method. Two kinds of questionnaire for the students and the principals were prepared to explore developmental factors based on likert scale. The questionnaires were distributed in 3 stages. The reliability coefficient or Cronbach Alpha in all approaches was higher than 0.86. In the first and second stages of questionnaire distribution, the mean and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of developmental factors were calculated. Then propositions which were larger than 4 and kendall’s coefficient larger than 0.5 were considered in the third stage. The data collected from the questionnaires in the third stage were used as responses to research questions. Friedman test and U Mann-Whitney test were used to analyze data. The main results are listed below: From teacher's point of view, social-cultural, technological, economic, pedagogic and strategic approaches were given priorities respectively. From the principal's point of view, technological, social-cultural, economic, strategic and pedagogic approaches were given priorities respectively. Finally, there was no meaningful difference in the mean of technological, social- cultural, pedagogical, economic and strategic approaches between the teachers and managers viewpoints. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
368 - The Role of Virtual Universities in Achieving Goals Higher Education
Yasaman Modanloo Faranak SalarianThe purpose of research was to study the role of virtual universities in achieving the goals of higher education from faculty members' points of view. The method of the study was descriptive, survey. The statistical population included 172 faculty members of IAU Sari Br MoreThe purpose of research was to study the role of virtual universities in achieving the goals of higher education from faculty members' points of view. The method of the study was descriptive, survey. The statistical population included 172 faculty members of IAU Sari Branch of which 118 were selected as the sample using Krejcie-Morgan table. A researcher made questionnaire with 28 questions having face and content validity and with reliability index of 0/937 was used to collect data. The data was analyzed by using one sample t test, Variance analysis and Scheffe post hoc. Results showed that the faculty members had positive attitude towards the role of virtual universities in achieving the goals of higher education such as, elevation and progress of our country in science and technology and international scenes, expansion of higher education in the country, training experts to hold academic and administrative positions, supervision, support and guidance of universities and scientific policy- making. Also the findings indicated that there was a meaningful difference among the opinions of faculty members regarding the role of virtual university in the advancement of science, technology and international relations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
369 - The Rate of Using Components of standards in Designing Electronic Courses in Educational Contents of State-Virtual Universities in Iran
Salma Elahiyan Firouz Kamian KhazaeiThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of using standards of designing electronic courses in educational contents of state-virtual universities in Iran. The method of the study was a descriptive-survey one. The statistical population was the educational cont MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of using standards of designing electronic courses in educational contents of state-virtual universities in Iran. The method of the study was a descriptive-survey one. The statistical population was the educational content of electronic courses in state-virtual universities such as University of Science and Technology, and Shiraz University. Data collection was done through interview and observation and for recording data; a researcher-made check list was used. Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the check list was calculated 0/95. The data were analyzed through frequency tables, one sample t-test, Kolmogorov-Sminov and Friedman test. Results showed that using seven criteria for designing electronic courses and their components were suitable and appropriate. In addition, Friedman test results indicated ranking of criteria in the form of page layout, general information, language, organization, recourses, availability and evaluation. Finally, priority of indicators for each component was also determined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
370 - اثر ضد باکتریایی، میزان ترکیبات فنولی، فلاونوئیدی و عملکرد آنتی اکسیدانی عصاره الکلی موسیر وحشی (Allium hirtifolium Boiss)
الهه آل ابراهیم دهکردی عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی محمود رفیعیان کوپاییمقدمه و هدف: موسیر گیاهی متعلق به جنس آلیوم و خانواده آلیاسه می باشد. این گیاه بومی کشور ایران است که به صورت خودرو در نواحی مرتفع و نقاط کوهستانی می روید. با توجه به رویکرد مجدد برای مصرف داروها و فراورده های گیاهی ، استفاده از گیاهان دارویی از اهمیت خاصی در درمان و پی Moreمقدمه و هدف: موسیر گیاهی متعلق به جنس آلیوم و خانواده آلیاسه می باشد. این گیاه بومی کشور ایران است که به صورت خودرو در نواحی مرتفع و نقاط کوهستانی می روید. با توجه به رویکرد مجدد برای مصرف داروها و فراورده های گیاهی ، استفاده از گیاهان دارویی از اهمیت خاصی در درمان و پیشگیری از بیماری ها برخوردار می باشد. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین خواص فیتوشیمیایی و اثرات ضد باکتریایی این گیاه انجام پذیرفت. روش تحقیق: در این مطالعه،عصاره گیاهان به روش ماسراسیون تهیه و میزان ترکیبات فنولی و فلاونوئیدی با روش فولین سیکالچو و کلریدآلومینیوم تعیین گردید.برای تعیین خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی از روش DPPH و جهت بررسی اثر ضد باکتریایی از روش براث ماکرودایلوشن استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS و رسم نمودارها با نرم افزار Excel صورت گرفت. نتایج و بحث: یافته های این مطالعه نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار ترکیبات فنلی، فلاونولی و فلاونوئیدی در هرگرم عصاره ی خشک به ترتیب با مقدار 5/135، 59/9 و 77/0میلی گرم مربوط به برگ موسیر می باشد. همچنین نتایج اثر ضد میکروبی این تحقیق نشان داد که عصاره ی برگ و پیاز موسیر بر باکتری های استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس و اسنیتو باکتر بومانی اثر مهارکنندگی و کشندگی قابل قبولی دارند.کمترین غلظت کشندگی بر باکتری استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس در غلظت 64 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر در عصاره ی الکلی برگ و پیاز موسیر مشاهده شد . همچنین بهترین اثرمهارکنندگی مربوط به عصاره ی برگ موسیر در غلظت 128 میکروگرم Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
371 - Actions and Interaction of Ethnic Groups in Cyberspace: Opportunities and Challenges
علی اشرف نظری مجتبی قلی پورAbstract The profound changes that have occurred in information technology, communication, industrial technology and internet have great impact on human individual and social life. Nowadays understanding the world politics, culture, economy and society is not possible MoreAbstract The profound changes that have occurred in information technology, communication, industrial technology and internet have great impact on human individual and social life. Nowadays understanding the world politics, culture, economy and society is not possible without understanding the role of internet. That is why researchers and writers in various disciplines of knowledge are doing serious research about the impact of internet on different aspects of life. The impact of this technology on the emergence and spread of new forms of social interaction between different groups of a society is very important. The present article tries to explain why different groups of the society have welcomed interaction in cyberspace. The paper also examines the facilities and opportunities as well as threats and challenges which have been created by the use of internet. This question finds importance in view of subjects like principle of national identity, national solidarity and national sovereignty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
372 - The Impact of the Thirty-three Days War on Iran's Regional Status
Nozar Shafiee Ahmad MoradiThe vast and all-out Isreal's invasion to Lebanon in June which lasted for thirty three days can be considered as a turning point in Arab- Isreaeli conflicts. This war which is actually the sixth war between the two nations is longer, unique, and outstanding in differen MoreThe vast and all-out Isreal's invasion to Lebanon in June which lasted for thirty three days can be considered as a turning point in Arab- Isreaeli conflicts. This war which is actually the sixth war between the two nations is longer, unique, and outstanding in different dimensions when compared with other previous of Israel wars. This is due to Isreal's unattainable predetermined goals before this heavy war and within US support. It is a clear example of a very severe repetition of failure in withdrawing from South of Lebanon in . In this way, the Islamic Resistance warriors defeated the great Isreal invasion and consequently the domestic equations in Lebanon, Isreal, and the region changed, and new and fundamental developments occurred. This war has had both military and political ties impact on Iran, a country which has had close spiritual and political ties with Hezbollah. The main focus of this study is to see the effects of this thirty three- days war on Iran's regional status. The results reveal that the positive effects of this war in different dimensions have led to strengthening and promoting Iran's status in both regional and international levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
373 - شکل گیری هویت و یادگیری الکترونیک: نقش آموزش مجازی بر هویت زبان آموزان ایرانی
آذر باقری مسعودزاده ندا فاتحی رادپژوهش حاضر نقش یادگیری الکترونیک در ساخت هویت زبان آموزان ایرانی را در نظر گرفته است. این تحقیق به طور خاص سعی کرده است تا مقدار جنبه های متفاوت هویت ساخته شده زبان آموزان را درمحیط آموزش مجازی مشخص کند. همچنین برجسته ترین و کمترین نوع هویت در زمینه آموزش الکترونیک را ش Moreپژوهش حاضر نقش یادگیری الکترونیک در ساخت هویت زبان آموزان ایرانی را در نظر گرفته است. این تحقیق به طور خاص سعی کرده است تا مقدار جنبه های متفاوت هویت ساخته شده زبان آموزان را درمحیط آموزش مجازی مشخص کند. همچنین برجسته ترین و کمترین نوع هویت در زمینه آموزش الکترونیک را شناسایی کرده و تفاوت احتمالی بین زبان آموزان زن و مرد را از نظر هویت یادگیری الکترونیک بررسی کرده است. برای دستیابی به این اهداف ، محققین تحقیق پیمایشی را به عنوان یک روش کمی با نمونه ای از 80 دانشجوی تازه وارد از هر دو جنس، در نظر گرفت. این مطالعه با محوریت اینترنت از طریق برنامه ادوبی کانکت برای کلاسهای مجازی انجام شد. شایان ذکر است که شرکت کنندگان در این تحقیق در دوره آموزش مجازی که توسط کوید-19 تحمیل شده است، آموزش الکترونیک را تجربه کرده اند. داده ها از طریق پرسشنامه هویت، جمع آوری و برای تجزیه و تحلیل به نرم افزار اس پی اس اس منتقل شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار هویت بالایی از یادگیری زبان در بین شرکت کنندگان حاصل شده است. همچنین هویت رابطه ای و هویت جمعی به ترتیب بعنوان برجسته ترین و کمترین نوع هویت در آنها شناخته شده است. علاوه بر این ، یافته های هویت کلی یادگیری زبان هیچ تفاوتی در زبان آموزان پسر و دختر نداشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
374 - Explain the relationship between mobile-based virtual social networks and citizens' social health Research based on the Habermas public domain approach
Mohsen Niazi Elham Shafaiimoghadam nahid khodadadiToday, the increase of social interactions among members of society through virtual social networks has provided a good opportunity to adapt and connect with others, create social participation, social acceptance and prosperity. Accordingly, the main purpose of this stu MoreToday, the increase of social interactions among members of society through virtual social networks has provided a good opportunity to adapt and connect with others, create social participation, social acceptance and prosperity. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between mobile-based virtual social networks and citizens' social health according to Habermas's public domain approach. The statistical population of the study was citizens living in the northern and southern regions of Tehran, and 550 citizens were randomly selected and surveyed. In order to measure social health, the Keys scale and the communication pattern scale were used and the phytonerpatric and Richie matching was used to examine the communication patterns in the family. According to the results of the study, there is a positive and significant relationship between the use of virtual social networks and the level of social participation and social adaptation of 0.13 and 0.10, respectively. In addition, the findings indicate a positive and significant relationship between the use of virtual social networks and citizens' social health with correlation coefficient (r = 0.14 and sig = 0.001). Accordingly, social interactions resulting from active presence in virtual social networks create a sense of participation and adaptation to one's own groups, thus strengthening and enhancing people's social health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
375 - .Explain the relationship between mobile-based virtual social networks and citizens' social health (A Research based on Habermas’s public domain approach)
Mohsen Niazi Elham Shafaiimoghadam Naheed Khodadadi. Nowadays, the increase in social interactions among members of society through virtual social networks has provided a good opportunity to adapt and connect with others, create social participation, social acceptance and prosperity. Accordingly, the main purpose of th More. Nowadays, the increase in social interactions among members of society through virtual social networks has provided a good opportunity to adapt and connect with others, create social participation, social acceptance and prosperity. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was, to explain the relationship between mobile-based virtual social networks and citizens' social health on the basis of Habermas's public domain approach. The research population of the study consisted of citizens living in the northern and southern regions of Tehran, of whom 550 individuals were randomly selected and surveyed. Keyes scale was used to measure social health, and Fitzpatrick and Richie’s scale on communication patterns was used to measure the communication patterns in the family. The results indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between the use of virtual social networks and the level of social participation and social adaptation of 0.13 and 0.10, respectively. In addition, the findings showed a positive and significant relationship between the use of virtual social networks and citizens' social health with a correlation coefficient (r = 0.14 and sig = 0.001). Accordingly, social interactions resulting from active presence in virtual social networks create a sense of participation and adaptation to one's own groups, thus strengthening and enhancing people's social health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
376 - Youth Emulation of Social Networks in Urban Societies with an emphasis on Virtual Social Networks (case of study: Youth of the city of Arak)
Reza Ali Mohseni hamid borghani farahani Hosein Abolhasan Tanhaee tahmoures shiriThe extent to which virtual space influences different groups of people has become a very important question in recent years, therefore, the purpose of this research was to assess the effects of virtual social networks on youth in Arak city. The research population of t MoreThe extent to which virtual space influences different groups of people has become a very important question in recent years, therefore, the purpose of this research was to assess the effects of virtual social networks on youth in Arak city. The research population of the research consisted of young girls and boys 18-25 years old, of which, on the basis of Morgan’s table, 384 individuals were selected as the sample.. This is descriptive- explanatory survey that employed a questionnaire to gather needed data. The ideas of Jorgen Habermas, Manuel Castles, Pierre Bourdieu, Antony Giddens, Georg Simmel, Herbert Bloomer, Erich Fromm and Robert Putnam were utilized to form the theoretical base of the study. The results showed that virtual social networks were significantly related to youths’ leisure time activities, lifestyle, emotional familial relations, social identity, and social welfare. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
377 - .The Role of Digitalization of Media Consumption in the LifeStyle of the Citizens of Tehran
Shima Akbari ali jafari Mohammad SoltanifarDigital media play an important role in how we perceive the world around and it brings new lifestyles and thinking for its audience by showing the relationships that are dominant and prevalent in society and it also affects the lifestyle of the audience. This article at MoreDigital media play an important role in how we perceive the world around and it brings new lifestyles and thinking for its audience by showing the relationships that are dominant and prevalent in society and it also affects the lifestyle of the audience. This article attempts to study the role of digital media consumption in lifestyle of Tehrani citizens. The theoretical framework of this research was based on Giddens’ structuration theory and Katz’ Gratification Theory. The research method is survey and research tool is questionnaire. The research population of this study consisted of Tehrani citizens in 2018. Sample size was determined to be 420 people using the Cochran formula and it was selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Descriptive findings showed that more than half of the respondents made use of virtual social networks for about two hours a day and that Instrgram and Telegram were used the most. Inferrential results showed that there was a significant relationship between lifestyle and digitalization of media consumption (r = 0.58), use of the virtual social network (r = 0.50), membership duration (r = 0.41) and membership rates in cyberspace (r = 0.26). Regression analysis showed that usage of virtual social networks determined 50 percent, that of membership duration in virtual social networks, 22 percent, and extent of dependence on virtual social networks, 50 percent of the variations in lifestyle. The maximum amount of impact was that of the extent of usage of virtual social networks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
378 - The Role of Numbers Three, Seven and Forty in Iranian Culture (Relying on Iranian transitions in Bakhtiari folk culture)
hasan Atash ab parvar Esmaeil sangari mohamadkarim yousof jamali shoko arabiIn everyday life, we play the role of numbers in our rituals, beliefs, and beliefs in all aspects of nomadic, rural, and urban life. Some of these numbers have long-standing links to our beliefs and their etymology makes us aware of the reasons for their popularity. The MoreIn everyday life, we play the role of numbers in our rituals, beliefs, and beliefs in all aspects of nomadic, rural, and urban life. Some of these numbers have long-standing links to our beliefs and their etymology makes us aware of the reasons for their popularity. These are sometimes religious and sometimes mythical reasons. In this article, we try to study the role of numbers in rituals, customs and traditions that were or are performed in the culture of the Iranian people, and especially in the transitional rituals in the three stages of birth, marriage and death. Explain the importance and reason for their continuity throughout history as much as possible. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and the results of this research indicate that the mythical sanctity and repetition of a number have affected its importance and presence in popular culture. And the numbers of the Iranian tribes were not just for counting but were closely related to their symbols and beliefs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
379 - بررسی تغییرات هیستومورفولوژی روده و پاسخ بیوشیمی سرم خون جوجههای گوشتی تغذیه شده با گیاهان دارویی (Euphorbia hirta) و مخلوطی از اسیدهای اُرگانیک
س.ر. هاشمی ا. زولکیفلی ه. داودی م. هیر بجو ت.س. لوههدف از این مطالعه بررسی افزودن گیاه فرفیون (Euphorbia hirta) و ترکیبی از اسیدهای اُرگانیک بر مورفولوژی روده و برخی از پارامترهای خونی جوجههای گوشتی بود. بدین منظور تعداد 240 جوجه یکروزه گوشتی به طور مساوی به چهار تیمارغذایی شامل: 1) جیره پایه (کنترل)، 2) جیره پایه مک Moreهدف از این مطالعه بررسی افزودن گیاه فرفیون (Euphorbia hirta) و ترکیبی از اسیدهای اُرگانیک بر مورفولوژی روده و برخی از پارامترهای خونی جوجههای گوشتی بود. بدین منظور تعداد 240 جوجه یکروزه گوشتی به طور مساوی به چهار تیمارغذایی شامل: 1) جیره پایه (کنترل)، 2) جیره پایه مکمل شده با 5/7 گرم بر کیلوگرم گیاه فرفیون (EH 7.5)، 3) جیره پایه مکمل شده با 5/1 گرم بر کیلوگرم اسیدهای اُرگانیک (OA) و 4) جیره پایه مکمل شده با 5/7 گرم بر کیلوگرم گیاه فرفیون و 5/1 گرم بر کیلوگرم اسیدهای اُرگانیک (EHOA) تقسیم شدند. در روزهای 21 و 42 آزمایش خونگیری از پرندگان جهت بررسی پارامترهای خونی و در روز 42 آزمایش قسمتی از دئودنوم روده کوچک جهت بررسی بافتشناسی روده پس از کشتار انتخاب گردید. به طور کلی افزودن گیاه فرفیون و اسیدهای اُرگانیک (OA، EH 7.5 وEHOA ) باعث بهبود ضریب تبدیل غذایی نسبت به گروه کنترل گردید. همچنین افزودن گیاه فرفیون و اسیدهای اُرگانیک و ترکیب این دو مکمل باعث افزایش طول پرزهای روده نسبت به گروه کنترل شد. جوجههای تغذیه شده با اسیدهای اُرگانیک (OA) به طور معنیداری از عمق کریپت کمتری برخوردار بودند (05/0P<). همچنین نسبت طول پرز به عمق کریپت در جوجههای تغذیه شده با اسیدهای اُرگانیک (OA) به طور معنیداری نسبت به سایر تیمارهای آزمایشی بیشتر بود (05/0P<). پارامترهای خونی پرندگان تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایش قرار نگرفتند (05/0P>). به طور خلاصه نتایج آزمایشات نشان داد که افزودن گیاه فرفیون و اسیدهای اُرگانیک باعث بهبود ساختار روده کوچک و افزایش عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
380 - Relationship of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Phenotypic Expression of Residual Feed Intake in Fat-Tailed Lambs
H. Rajaei-Sharifabadi A.A. Naserian M.R. Nassiry W. Bottje -
Open Access Article
381 - Growth Rate of Thoroughbred Horses during First Six Months of Life
J. Luszczynski M. Pieszka -
Open Access Article
382 - The Intensity of MLLT Area Changes and Development of the Selected Body Parts Muscling in Bulls and Heifers of Blonded’ Aquitaine Cattle and its Crossbreeds During Rearing Period
L. Stadnik J. Dvorakova F. Louda -
Open Access Article
383 - برآورد وزن بدن بر مبنای ابعاد قلب گوسفندان ساردی و تیماهدیت با استفاده از مدلهای مختلف
آی. بوجنانه اس. هلهالیهدف از این مطالعه تعیین رابطه بین وزن بدن (BW) و ابعاد قلب (HG) در گوسفندان ساردی و تیماهدیت و برازش یک معادله پیش­بینی BW بر مبنای HG بوده است. داده­های مورد استفاده در این مطالعه شامل 476 رکورد BW و HG (227 رکورد در ساردی و 249 رکورد در تیماهدیت) بود که از نره Moreهدف از این مطالعه تعیین رابطه بین وزن بدن (BW) و ابعاد قلب (HG) در گوسفندان ساردی و تیماهدیت و برازش یک معادله پیش­بینی BW بر مبنای HG بوده است. داده­های مورد استفاده در این مطالعه شامل 476 رکورد BW و HG (227 رکورد در ساردی و 249 رکورد در تیماهدیت) بود که از نرها و ماده­ها در سنین مختلف و از 33 مزرعه خصوصی جمعآوری گردیدند. میانگین BW و HG در ساردی به ترتیب 2/12 ± 8/34 کیلوگرم و 3/16 ± 0/74 سانتی­متر و در تیماهدیت به ترتیب 7/22 ± 2/39 کیلوگرم و 4/16 ± 4/78 سانتی­متر در تیماهدیت بود. ضرایب همبستگی بین BW و HG که به ترتیب در ساردی و تیماهدیت برابر با 958/0 و 944/0 بوده، نشان ­دهنده وجود همبستگی بالا بین این دو متغیر است. شش مدل پیش­بینی شامل رگرسیون خطی ساده، رگرسیون­های درجه سه و چهار چند جمله­ای و سه رگرسیون غیر خطی (گومپتز، آلومتریک و میشرلیک) برای این داده­ها برازش یافتند. این مدل­ها برای کل داده­ها (صرفنظر از نژاد و جنس)، به طور جداگانه برای همه حیوانات یک نژاد صرفنظر از جنس (مختص نژاد) و به طور جداگانه برای نرها و ماده­ها صرفنظر از نژاد (مختص جنس) به کار گرفته شدند. برای تعیین بهترین مدل رگرسیونی برازش یافته، ضریب تعین (2R یا شبه 2R) میانگین مربعات باقیمانده (MSE) و معیار اطلاعات آکایک (AIC) مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. هر شش مدل به خوبی با مجموعه داده­ها انطباق داشتند. زیرا 2R یا شبه 2R آنها از 892/0 تا 969/0 متغیر بوده است. با این حال براساس سایر معیارهای انتخاب، چنین به نظر می­رسد که مدل درجه سوم چند جمله­ای بهترین مدل بوده و مدل آلومتریک بایستی نادیده گرفته شود. مشاهدات دور در هر سه مدل برتر با کمک باقیمانده­های استودنت و مقادیر مطلق بزرگتر از دو انحراف معیار که نشان دهنده انحراف معنی ­دار بوده است، کنترل گردیدند. سپس مشاهدات پرت حذف گردیده و بهترین مدل­ها بر روی مجموعه­ داده­های پاکسازی شده پیاده گردیده و مقایسه شدند. بدین ترتیب، برای کل داده­ها، نژاد ساردی و ماده­ها، مدل میشرلیک مناسب بوده و برای نژاد تیماهدیت و نرها، به ترتیب مدل­های درجه سوم و گومپتز مناسب بوده­اند. بنابراین یک معیار جهت کمک به پرورش دهندگان در مدیریت بهتر گوسفندان در هر دسته ارائه گردید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
384 - چندشکلی ژن هورمون رشد و اثر آن بر صفات تولیدی و تولیدمثلی بز
ف. غلامحسین زاده گوکی م.ر. محمدآبادی م. اسدی فوزیهورمون رشد بر انواع گوناگونی از پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی از قبیل شیردهی، تولید مثل، رشد و متابولیسم اثر دارد. بنابراین، هدف این مطالعه تشخیص چندشکلی ژن هورمون رشد و همبستگی آن با ارزش­ های اصلاحی صفات تولیدی و تولیدمثلی بز کرکی راینی بود. ارزش ­های اصلاحی با استفا Moreهورمون رشد بر انواع گوناگونی از پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی از قبیل شیردهی، تولید مثل، رشد و متابولیسم اثر دارد. بنابراین، هدف این مطالعه تشخیص چندشکلی ژن هورمون رشد و همبستگی آن با ارزش­ های اصلاحی صفات تولیدی و تولیدمثلی بز کرکی راینی بود. ارزش ­های اصلاحی با استفاده از رکوردهای 26731 بز کرکی راینی برآورد شدند. برای مطالعه چندشکلی ژن هورمون رشد 300 حیوان بر اساس ارزش­های اصلاحی برآورد شده برای این صفات انتخاب شدند. سپس ژنوتیپ حیوانات با استفاده از تکنیک PCR-RFLP تعیین شد. فراوانی­ های ژنوتیپی برای ژنوتیپ ­های AA، AB و BB به ترتیب 0.15، 0.85 و 0 بود. تعداد آلل ­های مشاهده شده، تعداد آلل­ های مؤثر، هتروزیگوسیتی مورد انتظار، هتروزیگوسیتی مشاهده شده، میانگین هتروزیگوسیتی، هموزیگوسیتی مورد انتظار، هموزیگوسیتی مشاهده شده، شاخص نئی، شاخص شانون و شاخص تثبیت به ترتیب 2، 1.96، 0.49، 0.85، 0.49، 0.51، 0.15، 0.49، 0.69 و 0.74- به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین ارزش­ های اصلاحی برآورد شده برای نوع تولد، وزن کرک و وزن تولد در ژنوتیپ­ های مختلف متفاوت است، البته این تفاوت ­ها از نظر آماری معنی ­دار نبود (0.05<P). اما، برای صفات وزن کرک و نوع تولد ژنوتیپ AB ارزش اصلاحی برآورد شده بالاتری داشتند. به علت تنوع نسبتا بالای ژن هورمون رشد در بز کرکی راینی و همبستگی آن با صفات مهم اقتصادی، استفاده از ژن هورمون رشد در برنامه­ های اصلاح نژادی این نژاد می ­تواند منجر به پیشرفت ژنتیکی قابل قبولی شود و ژنوتیپ AA برای صفت وزن تولد و ژنوتیپ AB برای صفات وزن کرک و نوع تولد می ­توانند به عنوان نشانگر غیر مستقیم برای انتخاب حیوانات برتر استفاده شوند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
385 - وجود همزمان جهشهای G1 و G4 در ژن فاکتور تمایز رشد (growth differentiation factor) گوسفندان ایرانی
S. Eghbalsaied H. Amini S. Shahmoradi M. M. Farahiبه دلیل اهمیت زیاد اقتصادی صفت باروری گوسفندان، این صفت بسیار مورد توجه گوسفندداران واقع است. فاکتور تمایز رشد 9 (GDF9) یک ژن اتوزومی بوده که در دو حالت جهش تک نوکلئوتیدی، فوق غالب بوده و منجر به عقیمی میشود و در سه حالت جهش تک نوکلئوتیدی، اثر افزایشی داشته و عقیمی را Moreبه دلیل اهمیت زیاد اقتصادی صفت باروری گوسفندان، این صفت بسیار مورد توجه گوسفندداران واقع است. فاکتور تمایز رشد 9 (GDF9) یک ژن اتوزومی بوده که در دو حالت جهش تک نوکلئوتیدی، فوق غالب بوده و منجر به عقیمی میشود و در سه حالت جهش تک نوکلئوتیدی، اثر افزایشی داشته و عقیمی را ایجاد نمیکند. در این مطالعه، DNA از نمونه خون 19 گوسفند نژاد افشاری و 8 گوسفند نژاد شال استخراج شد. قطعات مختلف DNA استخراج شده با استفاده از پرایمرهای اختصاصی برای جهش های G1، G4 و G8 و نیزدستگاه PCR تکثیر و برای توالی یابی ارسال شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که جهش G1 (تبدیل آرژینین به هیستیدین) در گوسفندان نژاد افشاری و جهش G4 (تبدیل اسید گلوتامیک به لیزین) در هر دو نژاد شال و افشاری مشاهده شد. فراوانی جهشهای مشاهده شده در گوسفندان دوقلوزا بسیار کم بود (> 8 درصد) و این جهشها در تنها گوسفند عقیم مورد مطالعه مشاهده نشدند. این حالت ممکن است دلالت بر ارتباط بین این جهشها و صفت دوقلوزایی گوسفندان ایرانی باشد. علاوه براین، این جهشها عامل ایجاد عقیمی نبودند. در جمعیت گوسفندان مورد مطالعه، هیچکدام از جهش های G8 و یا توکا که مؤثرترین جهش در GDF9 میباشند، مشاهده نشدند که این یافته منطبق بر رخداد بسیار نادر عقیمی در گوسفندان ایرانی است. عدم مشاهده این جهشها ممکن است نشان دهنده عدم وجود و یا وجود نادر این جهشها در گله گوسفندان ایرانی باشد. در مجموع، جهشهای G1 و G4 درحال تفرق در گله گوسفندان ایرانی هستند، هر چند که فراوانی آنها به قدری کم است که در این مطالعه گوسفند هوموزیگوت برای این جهشها مشاهده نشد. سایر جهشهای مهم در ژن GDF9 گوسفندان ایرانی نیز ممکن است دارای فراوانی نادر بوده و برای رد وجود آنها در گلههای گوسفندان ایرانی نیاز به اندازه نمونه بسیار بزرگ ضروری میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
386 - Effects of Euphorbia hirta and Acidifiers Supplement on Resistance of Broiler Chickens against Salmonella enteritidis Infection: Oral Challenge Model
س.ر. هاشمی آ. زولکیفلی ه. داوودی م. هیر-بجو ز. زونیتا -
Open Access Article
387 - Evaluation of Agricultural Situation in Shoosh Danial City from Virtual Water Perspective
Mohammad Aghapour Sabbaghi Fysal FazleDue to lack of water resources in the country, the use of new concepts such as virtual water in the resource management process has a significant role. In this study, the city of Susa Daniel agriculture from the perspective of virtual water has been studied. The results MoreDue to lack of water resources in the country, the use of new concepts such as virtual water in the resource management process has a significant role. In this study, the city of Susa Daniel agriculture from the perspective of virtual water has been studied. The results of the study showed that the virtual water level of this city equals 135,362 million cubic meters per year. This number show that exports of virtual water is the city more than importing . One of the most important reasons for the export of virtual water in the city of Susa water based products such as sugar cane, rice, corn and tomato. The main source for importing virtual water caused by citrus, date, barely and potato. The results also showed that the city of Susa has little potential in the use of green water. Sothat only about 5.5 percent of province production garden produced by green water. Therefore, it is suggested cropping pattern Susa city change to greater use of green water andavoid of planting summer crops such as corn and vegetables . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
388 - Evaluating the impact of using online sales platforms on improving informal jobs in Karaj metropolis
Hossein Khanpour Kamran Yeganegi This researc More This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of using online sales platforms on the improvement of informal jobs in the form of a post-event comparative causal research. The statistical population of this research includes all peddlers in the city of Karaj and the research sample is 150 peddlers of the statistical population who were selected based on the determination of the sample size using Gpower statistical software to determine the sample size and were selected by simple random sampling. The use of standard business performance questionnaires were investigated. In order to check the hypotheses of the research, multivariate and univariate analysis of variance was used using SPSS version 26 software. Examining the results of the research showed that the business performance of peddlers who use online sales platforms is higher compared to peddlers who do not use these platforms. Therefore, according to the results of the research, it can be said that the use of virtual space and online sales platforms can improve the business performance of people working in informal jobs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
389 - Presenting a Paradigmatic Model of Organizing the Teriphery of Kerman city
amanolah jamshidi kamal javanmard mehrdad navabakhshOne of the most important issues of Kerman city is the expansion of the outskirts of Kerman city, so this present research was conducted with the aim of providing a model for organizing the outskirts of Kerman city. who had sufficient expertise and information in this f MoreOne of the most important issues of Kerman city is the expansion of the outskirts of Kerman city, so this present research was conducted with the aim of providing a model for organizing the outskirts of Kerman city. who had sufficient expertise and information in this field; It continued until theoretical saturation. Chums' approach has two stages of coding; in the stage of initial coding (56) and focused coding (45), categories were identified. The data collection tool is semi-structured interview research. The face validity of the interview text was confirmed by the professors and the credibility of the members, and reliability was achieved through intra-subject agreement. In this way, the supervisors and the consultant coded the two typed texts of the interview, and the similarity rate was 78%, which indicates good reliability. The findings of the research showed that the method of organizing destruction; Discharge ; The improvement (slow and limited to insufficient measures) has been implemented in Kerman city and the solution for organizing the edge of Kerman city includes the implementation of the green belt plan of Kerman city; elimination of the conflict of interest of the organs; improvement along with the empowerment and participation of marginalized people; using experts in the implementation of projects; Determining the rules of organization and the necessity of their implementation; Placing the property is subject to possession. As a result, the causal fields of organization can be explained with the theories of Engels, Simmel, Harvey, and Volofor, and in the solution part, the theory of organization and empowerment is explanatory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
390 - The study of hidden layer of education in Golestan irony
Ahmadreza yalameha Moslem Rajabi. Every speech and behavior that is not serious along with irony and wit while in its depth has reality and truth is called “irony". In fact, irony is laughing wisely and mystically to the life. It reveals the contradictions and inconsistencies. The direction of More. Every speech and behavior that is not serious along with irony and wit while in its depth has reality and truth is called “irony". In fact, irony is laughing wisely and mystically to the life. It reveals the contradictions and inconsistencies. The direction of irony is toward society and its main aim is criticizing and exposing shortcomings and disqualifications. This criticizing is not often so serious in fact it is in the form of humorous and sometimes sarcastic remarks and mocking. The purpose of irony is to modify advantages and disadvantages as well as the fight against vices. If irony succeeded in achieving its objectives we would see the development of morality, humanity and human virtues. One of persons who benefited this literary form in his work and he has used irony in the improvement of society is Saadi Shirazi. This research through exploring analytical and descriptive analysis tries to understand the hidden layer of education in Golestan irony. Therefore, Saadi used irony in Golestan for something higher than laughing; in fact, he used irony to teach moral and human education. Since this subject matter is new one and Saadi, who is a master in this field, has used it, attention to it is highly important Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
391 - Educational and Moral Teachings in the schoolmaster of Kashan (Vahshi Bafghi)
اسحاق طغیانی علی علیزادهEducation is one of the most outstanding themes and intentions of Persian poetry. This literary genre , more than any literary genres has involved the mind and language of poets and rhetoricians of Persian literature. Vahshi Bafghi (who was a schoolmaster) has allocated MoreEducation is one of the most outstanding themes and intentions of Persian poetry. This literary genre , more than any literary genres has involved the mind and language of poets and rhetoricians of Persian literature. Vahshi Bafghi (who was a schoolmaster) has allocated a large portion of his poems, whether in Khold Barin which is an educative-moral work, or in other poems and poetic forms to this issue. Emphasizing on some parts of principles and methods of education that are accepted by teachers of today and more importantly, explaining meanings, concepts, virtues and religious and moral teachings such as praying, contentment, patience, and etc… and praising them, as well as explicating moral vices such as pretension, pride, greed, envy, and prevision form them are among the issues which have been significantly reflected in Bafghi’s poetry. Besides, valuable and moral concepts, themes such as despair, hopelessness, radical belief in fortunes, acceptance of inferiority and humiliation can be observed in his poetry. The present study is to investigate and analyze the issue of education from different perspectives in the poetry of Vahshi with reference to his poems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
392 - Doctrinal teachings reflected the military Khamse
محمدحسین خانمحمدی حجت الله همتیDidactic poetry is one of the most extensive literary types. The main purpose of this type of singing lyrics that describe and explain the ethical and religious thought, judgment and advice of themes. Didactic poems and stories and sometimes poems, sometimes in separate MoreDidactic poetry is one of the most extensive literary types. The main purpose of this type of singing lyrics that describe and explain the ethical and religious thought, judgment and advice of themes. Didactic poems and stories and sometimes poems, sometimes in separate pieces of literature among other topics to teach and preach morality and judgment concepts, religious, advice deals. Nizami, the most romantic and lyrical poetry is known to scholars, but close examination of his work, intellectual and educational aspect markers and artistic rhetoric. Utilizes a system of moral teachings, his poetry has greater value and richness. Comprehensive and universal message of his poetry, and specific to a particular culture or history, but in all times and in all places has the potential human applications. This theme is the educational systems Nizami revealed to the artistic value of his work credibility and moral education, in keeping with the teachings of this doctrine tends to show through ethical, behavioral tendencies, to examine his worldview. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
393 - Common Ethical and didactic themes in the poetry of Zohair Ibn Abi Solma and Sa'di
Mahboobeh Moslemi Zade Moslemi Zade Mahdi MomtahenZohair Ibn Abi Solma Rabi'a Ibn Ribah al-Mozani was the sage poet in Jahili era (pagan state of the Arab) and among the Arab dignitaries. He was prominent in panegyric and wise sayings and supposed poetry as a teacher and guide. He spent his life on sympathy, advice, tr MoreZohair Ibn Abi Solma Rabi'a Ibn Ribah al-Mozani was the sage poet in Jahili era (pagan state of the Arab) and among the Arab dignitaries. He was prominent in panegyric and wise sayings and supposed poetry as a teacher and guide. He spent his life on sympathy, advice, truth-telling, and benevolence. In his poems, didactic and ethical concepts, especially on reproach and piety, are so vivid. He has created the highest ethical and humane standards influenced by his environment and character and has shown the most prevalent vices and prohibited man from them. Sa'di, the most famous poet of the 7th century (A.H) whose greatness in poetry and prose, ethics and wisdom is known, is impressed by Arab literature because of spending long times in the Arab territories and getting familiarity with their poets and poems which subsequently influenced Persian poetry. This article has explained and analyzed moral virtues and flaws mentioned in Zohair poetry, by studying his Divan also mentions some similarities in teachings and themes with Sa'di's Mawaiz (advise) and Qazals (sonnets). The results of this research include their common ethical and social ideas and guidance of these two poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
394 - Analysis of the virtue of wisdom in Shāhnāmeh based on Aristotle's theory of ethics of virtue
zinat jahani Kimia Tajnia Ismail Eslami Epic literature plays an important role in the moral education of society and Hakim Ferdowsi's Shāhnāmeh as the greatest national epic of Iran and the world, has always played a role in cultivating moral virtues, especially among Iranians. One of these virtues i More Epic literature plays an important role in the moral education of society and Hakim Ferdowsi's Shāhnāmeh as the greatest national epic of Iran and the world, has always played a role in cultivating moral virtues, especially among Iranians. One of these virtues is wisdom. The manifestations of wisdom as a virtue in Shāhnāmeh can be put under two headings, first, innate and instinctive wisdom, and second, acquired wisdom. To explain these two kinds of wisdom, Aristotle's theory of moral virtue or the threefold knowledge, emotion and will has been used as a philosophical and theoretical framework. For each of the three cases, example has been quoted from Shāhnāmeh. In this research, the author has used a descriptive-analytical method and library studies to analyze the virtue of wisdom in Shāhnāmeh based on Aristotle's theory of virtue. The results indicate that the concept of wisdom and rationality used in both realms have been expressed in Shāhnāmeh; In other words, Ferdowsi in his moral and educational teachings, by informing, motivating and manifesting wisdom and rationality in practice, has provided the ground for promoting and cultivating wisdom as a moral action. His work in this regard has a philosophical and educational basis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
395 - The ethical virtues in Akhlagh Mohseni book (based on the division of Khwaja Nasiruddin Toosi in Akhlagh Naseri book)
Rahaf Safaya Omid MajdAkhlagh Mohseni's book is one of the valuable works of the 9th and 10th centuries of Hijri. Mulla Hossein Vaez Kashefi Sabzevari wrote this book for educational purposes. Kashefi has paid attention to teaching ethical principles and advising rulers and kings based on wi MoreAkhlagh Mohseni's book is one of the valuable works of the 9th and 10th centuries of Hijri. Mulla Hossein Vaez Kashefi Sabzevari wrote this book for educational purposes. Kashefi has paid attention to teaching ethical principles and advising rulers and kings based on wisdom.And in the introduction of his book, he declares that his audience is the kings and their attendants. And he mentions forty distinct moral qualities that make the king a king and keeps him as a king. And he mentioned these ethical teachings by relying on the division of the ethical teachings in the Akhlagh Naseri book. Directly or indirectly, through telling stories and allegories, he leads the audience toward ethical virtues. This study aims to discuss and study the moral virtues in Akhlagh Mohseni's book taking into consideration the division of ethical standards in Akhlagh Naseri's book, to determine how close was Kashifi to Khwaja Nasiruddin's classifications in compiling his book.The adopted approach in this article is a descriptive-analytical approach, and it is based on the review of Khwaja Naser's educational thoughts in Akhlagh Naseri's book and their comparison with Akhlagh Mohseni's book. Results show that justice and courage were among the ethical virtues mentioned in the book and had a special place as they play a decisive role in the individual and social life of man. Some virtues, such as worship, have an individual aspect, and some, like justice, have a social aspect. By observing these standards, society sees prosperity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
396 - Ethical Examples and Themes in Faraedel al-Suluk
Khadije Sadat Tabatabaee Davood MohammadiMoral thoughts in Persian poetry and prose draw on religious culture and education, and the existence of these thoughts has given Persian literature a special richness. Faraedel al Soluk is one of the valuable works of the seventh century AH that is full of educational MoreMoral thoughts in Persian poetry and prose draw on religious culture and education, and the existence of these thoughts has given Persian literature a special richness. Faraedel al Soluk is one of the valuable works of the seventh century AH that is full of educational teachings and contains a treasure trove of knowledge, virtues, and wisdom. In this study, an inductive method has been used to examine texts that explicitly or indirectly imply moral themes, and using the content analysis method, the relevant words and phrases have been described. Therefore, the most important question in this study is: "In the book Faraedel Al Soluk by Sajasi, which moral and educational teachings are recommended and from which moral vices are forbidden?" For this purpose, Faraedel Al Soluk by Shams Sajasi was chosen as the axis of work and appropriate moral examples were extracted from this book in line with the topic. The results of the study indicate that Sajasi, in his book, in addition to providing literary pleasure for the audience, uses every opportunity to convey his educational thoughts to the audience and, under the influence of the moral teachings of the Islamic religion, directly or indirectly, through the narration of appropriate stories or parables, leads the reader towards the manifestation of moral virtues and by explaining the consequences of moral vices, makes them undesirable in his eyes and tries to guide people on the right path of life." Faraedel Al Soluk, Shams Sajasi; Morality; Moral Virtues; Moral vices Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
397 - Communication-Aware Traffic Stream Optimization for Virtual Machine Placement in Cloud Datacenters with VL2 Topology
Sara Farzai Mirsaeid Hosseini Shirvani Mohsen Rabbani -
Open Access Article
398 - Presenting a Fault Tolerant Mechanism for Buffering Fault in Network on Chips
Sadeq Lotfi Ali Afzali-kusha Marzie Saffari -
Open Access Article
399 - Meta-analysis of the most important factors of place of sense in public and virtual spaces (Case study: Public space of Rasht city center)
Hoseyn Reza Keshavarz Ghadimi manouchehr Tabibian Maryam moinifarIntroduction: The concept of sense of place refers to the emotional connection that an individual has with a physical location. This connection can be influenced by personal experiences and perceptions. As virtual media continues to grow, it impacts the sense of place i MoreIntroduction: The concept of sense of place refers to the emotional connection that an individual has with a physical location. This connection can be influenced by personal experiences and perceptions. As virtual media continues to grow, it impacts the sense of place in physical and virtual spaces.Research Aim: This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the sense of place in public and virtual spaces and provide a theoretical framework for urban planners and cyber activists to promote a stronger sense of place.Methodology: The study utilizes qualitative meta-composition by analyzing selected articles through Sandlowski and Barso's methods. The research focuses on identifying the most important factors affecting the sense of place in real and virtual public spaces. Relevant literature was reviewed through scientific databases and reputable journals, with articles being selected based on their relevance to the research topic. A total of 45 articles were analyzed using qualitative or meta-combined content analysis, following the Critical Assessment Skills Program (CASP) checklist.Studied Areas: The most important public space of the city of Rasht, which is located in its central context, has been selected as a case study. This area has uses of heritage value and hence it is a valuable historical fabric of Rasht city. In addition to having rare aesthetic values and the most important place for the creation and continuation of the collective memories and identity of the city, the mentioned fabric is also known as an important pole of the city's commercial, cultural and recreational activities.Results: The study found that the issue of a sense of place in cyberspace is recognized, and the most important factors affecting the sense of place in public spaces are physical, functional, meaning, art and beauty, environmental, and demographic dimensions. The most important factors in cyberspace are physical and non-physical dimensions. The sense of place in cyberspace has similarities with the indicators in public spaces, and both impact each other.Conclusion: In conclusion, the study suggests that cyberspace creates a unique sense of place and has a significant impact on participation, critique, rationality, and communication. While physical presence is necessary in public spaces, virtual presence has expanded the possibility of experiencing space for the first time. It can increase the sense of place in that real space. Therefore, urban planners and cyber activists need to consider the factors that affect the sense of place in both physical and virtual spaces to promote a stronger emotional connection to place. Keywords for this study include sense of place, sense of cyberspace, public space, cyberspace, and qualitative meta-composition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
400 - Prioritizing the indicators required for monitoring and control in the organization based on management in Islam (Study in the Khuzestan State Organization for Deeds and Properties)
vahid chenari parisa seyediOne of the most crucial elements of a healthy and efficient management of a system of monitoring and inspection is complete and accurate. Of course, the necessity of monitoring means no confidence in order to have a strong military organization and not a regulatory mean MoreOne of the most crucial elements of a healthy and efficient management of a system of monitoring and inspection is complete and accurate. Of course, the necessity of monitoring means no confidence in order to have a strong military organization and not a regulatory means back to mistrust of the staff. Development and human prosperity depends on it, and whatever religious teachings to be found, in this regard instructions and Muslim leaders to have an accurate system, serious and fair enjoins supervision and inspection.In this study, prioritize the indicators needed to monitor and control organization registered in Khuzestan based property management checked in Islam. Data from interviews and questionnaires with 30 nffs of elite real estate agency documents and with the help of university teachers preparing and collecting and using the method of hierarchical analysis and analysis The study is based on the indicators needed to monitor and control management methods in Islam directly, without intermediaries, indirect method, direct method and by virtue, self-control and supervision of the public. The results indicate the importance of direct and immediate way than other indexes and index surveillance is least important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
401 - Study of the Effects of Social Networks on Interpersonal Relationships of Students; Comparative Study of "Universities of Isfahan and Ardestan"
Hamidreza Eshghipour Ebrahim Fayaz Abdollah BikaranlouToday in Iran, the use of social networks among young people, especially students, is very common. This research studies the impact of virtual social networks on the nature of interpersonal communication between students in two social settings, (1) "immortal" (Ardestan) MoreToday in Iran, the use of social networks among young people, especially students, is very common. This research studies the impact of virtual social networks on the nature of interpersonal communication between students in two social settings, (1) "immortal" (Ardestan), and 2) "exasperated" (Isfahan), as well as an analytical cognition of their communication model. . The sample consists of 500 university students from both cities. Virtual social networks in the world today have two ports: 1) personal computers (PCs), 2) mobile phones (phablets), analyzed and interpreted. With careful consideration in the results of the research, it became clear that the overall and long-term use of these networks is effective on interpersonal relationships among students, especially among family members and peer groups. Due to the ease of use of web-based social networks, communication between students and their family members has grown dramatically. This research provides an insightful perspective on the consequences of the virtual social networking on the components of the Gemma Shaft and Gesellschaft in the field of sociology, psychology, and digital communication among target groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
402 - Investigating the relationship between related factors and the rate of implementation of virtual social networking policies in Iran considering the role of mediating social responsibility
shahin sharafi Alireza manzaritavakoly sanjar salajeghehVirtual social networks and cyberspace are like a double-edged sword. They bear some advantages and disadvantages. Although it has many benefits but it doesn’t mean than that it being out of any harmful effects that some times turn out to very dangerous outcomes. MoreVirtual social networks and cyberspace are like a double-edged sword. They bear some advantages and disadvantages. Although it has many benefits but it doesn’t mean than that it being out of any harmful effects that some times turn out to very dangerous outcomes. The reason for this defenciency can be explain as lack of attention to the ethical principles and values of the society. This research was conducted to investigate the relationship between related factors and the extent of implementing social networking policies with focusing on the mediating role of social responsibility in Iran. The research method is descriptive and regarding research purpose is an applied -developmental.To collect data, three researcher-made questionnaires, related factors, social responsibility and the extent of implementation of the social networking policies were used. Validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by professors and experts, and reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed through using Cronbach's alpha. The statistical population of this study is two groups. The first group consists of experts selected by purposeful sampling methodology. The second was the experts and researchers of cyberspace and virtual networks and media and social issues that were selected by random stratified sampling method. For analysis of data SpSS and AMOS software were used. The results of the research showed that there is a significant (direct) relation between social responsibility with the components of the relevant factors (technical, economic, political, social, policy-making factors, structural factors). And the relationship between technical factors and social responsibility is more intense. There is a meaningful relationship between social responsibility and the extent to which social networking policies are implemented, and between the components of the factors associated with the implementation of the social networking policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
403 - The study of the relationship between the use of mass media and the adherence of citizen culture ( Case study: People aged 18 years and older in Ghaemshahr)
mehrdad matani Abolghasem Raeisi Naphchi Nasrin Taghizade shiyadeCitizenship culture forms the norms of society and forms the basis for communication between citizens, A city which is rich culture enhances the security and peace of the city, and the participation of citizens in every activity is evident. A city which is in rich cultu MoreCitizenship culture forms the norms of society and forms the basis for communication between citizens, A city which is rich culture enhances the security and peace of the city, and the participation of citizens in every activity is evident. A city which is in rich culture that enhances the security and peace of the city, and the participation of citizens in every activity is evident. A collaborative builder that reduces city administration costs and replaces the smile with worries and unrest. Regarding the importance of the topic of citizenship culture, the present study uses field method, scrolling technique and the participation of citizens in every activity is evident. The research tool of the questionnaire and the use of the SPSS software seek to investigate the relationship between mass media and adherence to the culture of citizenship as the main objective. The statistical population of this study is all citizens aged 18 years and above in Qaemshahr city . 384 of them were surveyed as sample size The results of the research indicate that between using mass media with total adherence to citizenship culture (0.30) and its dimensions: social participation (3.62), socialism (2.91), social responsibility (3 /44), the tendency to follow the law (3/58) has a positive and meaningful relationship; therefore, all the research hypotheses are confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
404 - Qualitative Study of the Effect of Virtual Social Networks on Building Social Identity of Students at Farhangian University
Rashid Ahmadrash soroosh Bahami behzad hakiminyaIn the last decade, profound changes have occurred in construction of social identity of the young generation that the role of virtual communication networks in those transformation.Data of this paper with regard to the cultural and social characteristics of social subj MoreIn the last decade, profound changes have occurred in construction of social identity of the young generation that the role of virtual communication networks in those transformation.Data of this paper with regard to the cultural and social characteristics of social subjects, has been collected by a qualitative method and approach of the grounded theory and ethno methodology (with an emphasis on virtual ethnography) and asynchronous online interview online.The studied society of this research was the all university students of Shahid Modares- Kurdistan. Accordingly, using purposive sampling, 25 of the students were interviewed. The extracted data by using thematic analysis (a subject) and cognitive symptoms were analyzed. In theory, the theory of phenomenology, affiliation, Structuration and political economy of media constitute the conceptual framework. Due to normative changes occurred in the social identity, one can say that due to using the social network wide changes have been occurred in lifeworld of studied people and various issues related to social identity, such as family relationships, lifestyle, moral beliefs, goals, personal, marriage and traditions associated with. The "Intensity" and "Dimension" of changes led us to provide the underlying theory, "Pendulum Theory of Social Identity with the characteristics of young people and students". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
405 - The Social Construct of Western Developmental Idealism Contextual Exploration of Social Processes of Multiplying Western Values among Yazd Youth
neda javaherchian seyed alireza afshani mansour haghighatianThe present research attempts to investigate the social processes of many Western values among Yazd youth. One of the important issues that arise in the discussion of media and virtual social media is the effects of the entry of Western values into everyday life. the pr MoreThe present research attempts to investigate the social processes of many Western values among Yazd youth. One of the important issues that arise in the discussion of media and virtual social media is the effects of the entry of Western values into everyday life. the present study is based on the use of the qualitative approach and grounded theory method, and through theoretical sampling, 22 young people active in Virtual Space (microinfluverser) were selected and studied in Yazd. Data were collected through the study of sources and interviews with experts and technical notes. After refining the initial code, the findings were presented in the form of a story line (including 14 main categories and one core category) and a paradigmatic model. The results of the study, Western values have created new chances for young people. To the extent that their cultural, social and family affections are affected. In such a situation, the subjective and objective world of the participants is constantly engaged in redefinition of the new values that they have received, and their confrontation with these values have different strategies and implications, such as Western epoch, aesthetic management, collage of transnational friendships, constraints on fashion and Gravity and repulsive of immigration for them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
406 - Smartphone and the role of social support and academic self-efficacy in students
mahboubeh soleimanpouromran zeinab eslamiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of virtual social networks on academic compatibility and academic self-efficacy in students of Azad University of Bojnourd. The statistical population of this study was all students of Islamic Azad University of Bojn MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of virtual social networks on academic compatibility and academic self-efficacy in students of Azad University of Bojnourd. The statistical population of this study was all students of Islamic Azad University of Bojnourd, which according to the Morgan tables (1972) for 1300 people, 297 people were selected by simple random sampling method. To collect the data, the Chi-square questionnaire (2009), social support (MOS Sherborne & Stewart (1991) and self-efficacy questionnaire were used. Their validity was a kind of formal and content that was approved by professors and experts And its reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for phone dependency questionnaire 0.81, social support questionnaire was 0.61 and for educational self-efficacy questionnaire 0.85 Data collected by multivariate analysis of variance analysis SPSS software was analyzed and the results showed that the effect of inter-gender interactions and the application of networks Social participation on social support and academic self-efficacy of students is not significant, but the gender effect on educational self-efficacy is significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
407 - Investigating the role of the virtual world in shaping the new culture of communication and social identity People in Isfahan city
Zeynab Ebrahimi naser hejazi mohammadali chitsazAbstract:Internet and virtual world is one of the important communication tools that succeed to change the daily life of people and have unmatched role in creation the identity and new culture. Internet links the people of all over the world with cultures, identities an MoreAbstract:Internet and virtual world is one of the important communication tools that succeed to change the daily life of people and have unmatched role in creation the identity and new culture. Internet links the people of all over the world with cultures, identities and different life styles with a enormous society that there is not any wall (barrier). However, the aim of current study is investigation the dimensions of the role of virtual world in shaping new communication culture and social identity of people in Isfahan. The method of study is cross-sectional survey with two targets of describe and explanation. The statistical society contains of all men and women with more than 15 years in Isfahan and 384 of them were selected as our sample. Measuring tool for this study is a questionnaire that was made by researcher to testing the shaping of new communication culture, social identity and the usage level of virtual world. In order to analyzing the data it was used of descriptive statistics (average and standard deviation) and at the level of inferential statistics, confirmatory factor analysis and the method of structural equation modeling were used. The results showed that virtual world is effective on shaping new culture and social identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
408 - The Role of Social Networks in Quality of Life (The Case of Virtual Social Network Users Aged 20 To 49 in Tehran)
معصومه دوله رضا اسماعیلی امیرمسعود امیرمظاهریIn recent decades, human life, strongly influenced by modern communications, is this fact not only affects human social life, but has penetrated into the most private aspects of his life. The virtual social networking as part of the media and modern communications, allo MoreIn recent decades, human life, strongly influenced by modern communications, is this fact not only affects human social life, but has penetrated into the most private aspects of his life. The virtual social networking as part of the media and modern communications, allowing users because they have that on the one hand Interests, thoughts and share their activities with others, on the other hand the grid on the understanding and for people of their lives in all areas, including culture and values affect. This study aimed to investigate the role of virtual social networks in the quality of life of 20 to 29-year-old social network is virtual in Tehran in 1395. The research objective of a functional review, extensive in scope, in terms of the scope and reason in terms of time, is a cross-sectional study. The field research methods using survey techniques, and tools for data collection questionnaire. A sample using the software SPSS Sample Power 700 is estimated. Descriptive results show that 80/9 percent of users have stated the use of virtual social networks down an average of (2 hours) is estimated and the average was 7.98% of average and above-average quality of life has been. Hypothesis test results indicate that the use of virtual social networks in the quality of life for users in Tehran (sig = 0/977) and social capital (sig = 0/257) was rejected, but the hypothesis of the role of social capital in quality of life (sig = 0.000) was confirmed. Independent variables in the use of virtual social networks and social capital as much as 19 percent have the ability to account for changes in quality of life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
409 - شبیه سازی و مدیریت یکپارچه منابع آب تحت سناریوی آب مجازی مطالعه موردی: حوضه هیرمند ایران
علی سردار شهرکی جواد شهرکی سید آرمان هاشمی منفردحوضه هیرمند به دلیل وجود خشکسالی، هم­چنین رشد روز افزون مصارف آب و رقابت بخش­های مختلف، وارد مرحله بحرانی آب شده است، این خطر در سال­های آتی تشدیدتر خواهد شد. بنابراین برای مقابله با آن می بایست نسبت به انواع مصرف آب با حساسیت بیشتری برخورد کرد. از جمله این Moreحوضه هیرمند به دلیل وجود خشکسالی، هم­چنین رشد روز افزون مصارف آب و رقابت بخش­های مختلف، وارد مرحله بحرانی آب شده است، این خطر در سال­های آتی تشدیدتر خواهد شد. بنابراین برای مقابله با آن می بایست نسبت به انواع مصرف آب با حساسیت بیشتری برخورد کرد. از جمله این مصارف، آب مجازی می­باشد. در پژوهش حاضر، تقاضای آب مجازی محصولات کشاورزی منطقه سیستان در سال زراعی 93-1392 محاسبه و با استفاده از مدل WEAP اثرات اجرای این سناریو از سال 2015 تا 2030 بر منابع و مصارف آب پیش­بینی گردید. طبق نتایج محصولات گوجه­فرنگی و یونجه با این­که نیازآبی بالایی داشتند، اما به سبب عملکرد بالای تولید، تقاضای آب مجازی کمتری داشته­اند، هم­چنین بیشترین نیاز آب مجازی برای دو محصول گندم و جو بدست آمد. نتایج مدل WEAP نشان داد که در سناریوی آب مجازی، سالیانه به طور میانگین مقدار تقاضای آب 61 درصد برای کارایی خالص و 17 درصد برای کارایی به حالت فعلی کمتر شده است. تقاضای تأمین نشده حدود 383 میلیون متر مکعب کاهش خواهد یافت. بنابراین با توجه به شرایط خشکسالی حاکم بر منطقه، اجرای این سناریو در جهت حفظ منابع آب بسیار مناسب خواهد بود، از این­رو پیشنهاد می شود که طرح­های توسعه کشاورزی در منطقه سیستان با توجه به این مفهوم آب مجازی، برنامه­ریزی و سرمایه­گذاری شوند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
410 - The calculation and evaluation of the human development index of the provinces of Iran in the years 2005, 2010, and 2015
hossein askari pour lahiji Reza OTofat shamsiImproving the human development index is the best mechanism for empowering people to achieve the goal of raising their living standards through human capabilities. Promoting the quality of the life of a community is a fundamental change in the economic, educational, and MoreImproving the human development index is the best mechanism for empowering people to achieve the goal of raising their living standards through human capabilities. Promoting the quality of the life of a community is a fundamental change in the economic, educational, and health variables. The present study seeks to examine the status of the provinces of the country in terms of the human development index for the years 2005, 2010, and 2015? The method of this research is descriptive-analytic and is an applied research type. The average human development index for provinces for 2005, 2010, and 2015 is 0.660, 0.650, and 0.627 respectively. Provinces that have a favorable status in the human development index are often located in the center of the country. Overall, the human development index decreases as the center of the country reaches the border regions. It should be noted that the provincial education index is the strong point of the human development index of the provinces. In sum, there is a strong inequality between the provinces of the country and this inequality in the index of economic well being is more than two indicators of education and health. The findings of this research show that provinces with low human development index are consistent with the border provinces of the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
411 - Identify the Role of Virtual Production and New Technology on Organizational Agility and Profitability in Competitive Markets
Manizheh Mollaei sara sadat banihashemiDue to changes such as the complexity of competitive markets, new technologies, diversification of consumer needs, reducing the product life cycle and increasing the product diversity of organizations, and maintaining survival in the field of competition, companies must MoreDue to changes such as the complexity of competitive markets, new technologies, diversification of consumer needs, reducing the product life cycle and increasing the product diversity of organizations, and maintaining survival in the field of competition, companies must look for effective methods. The virtual production system, as one of the well-known management methods, helps to achieve agile production and survival in a turbulent environment. The main purpose of this study is to identify agility factors in manufacturing organizations and then to investigate the effects of virtual production strategy on agility capabilities. The present study is a descriptive correlational study. The method of collecting data related to research literature is the library method including various books and articles and domestic and foreign publications and the questionnaire method has been used to collect the data required in this research to test the hypotheses. The statistical population of this study is the employees of Ahangari Novin Company located in Tehran Industrial City, which includes 80 line workers, 20 people working in the financial, administrative, and office sectors, and 30 people working in the undergraduate and management sectors. Due to the specific number of members of the community, Cochran's formula has been used to determine the sample size. The sample size for a population of 130 is 97 people. The inferential statistical methods used in the present study are normality test and regression analysis. The results show that a high level of virtual production is effective in increasing agility. Therefore, it can be said that paying attention to virtual production leads to improving the level of agility and thus increasing the profitability of manufacturing companies in today's competitive environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
412 - Evaluate the Quality of E-Learning Services and its Impact on Service Recipients (Case Study: University of Sistan and Baluchestan)
Sofia Hajpoor Faeze Mirshekari MohebAli RahdarExamining the quality of educational services is one of the critical steps to improving the quality of universities, and using the opinions of students, as recipients of services, can greatly help to improve the quality of virtual education. Therefore, the purpose of th MoreExamining the quality of educational services is one of the critical steps to improving the quality of universities, and using the opinions of students, as recipients of services, can greatly help to improve the quality of virtual education. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the quality of virtual education services and their effect on the satisfaction of the service recipients of the University of Sistan and Baluchistan. The method of this research is a description of the correlation type. The statistical population of the study included the students of Sistan and Baluchistan University. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data, the validity, and reliability of which, have been confirmed. To analyze the data, Pearson's correlation test was used in SPSS software. The results show that there is a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction of service recipients between the quality dimensions of virtual education services. There is no significant positive relationship between responsiveness and service recipients. The results show that sufficient resources and information should be provided to the staff in order to improve the response situation and investigate students' problems. In order to increase the quality of virtual education services for the satisfaction of service recipients, it is necessary to identify the deficiencies as soon as possible and take action to improve the response status of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
413 - Optimisation of assembly scheduling in VCIM systems using genetic algorithm
Son Duy Dao Kazem Abhary Romeo Marian -
Open Access Article
414 - Markov modeling and reliability analysis of urea synthesis system of a fertilizer plant
Anil Kr. Aggarwal Sanjeev Kumar Vikram Singh Tarun Kr. Garg -
Open Access Article
415 - An automated time and hand motion analysis based on planar motion capture extended to a virtual environment
Hector A. Tinoco Alex M. Ovalle Carlos A. Vargas Marı´a J. Cardona -
Open Access Article
416 - Mathematical modeling and fuzzy availability analysis for serial processes in the crystallization system of a sugar plant
Anil Kr. Aggarwal Sanjeev Kumar Vikram Singh -
Open Access Article
417 - A genetic algorithm for a bi-objective mathematical model for dynamic virtual cell formation problem
Mostafa Moradgholi Mohammad Mahdi Paydar Iraj Mahdavi Javid Jouzdani -
Open Access Article
418 - The trim loss concentration in one-dimensional cutting stock problem (1D-CSP) by defining a virtual cost
H Javanshir M Shadalooee -
Open Access Article
419 - Cyber Psychology of Virtual Dialogs: Simultaneous Chat Transactions in Libraries and Information Centers
Azam NajafqolinejadObjective: The purpose of this study is to review the concepts and features of virtual and online communication, including simultaneous conversations and psychology governing these new spaces, and in this regard, the standards and guidelines of online communication in l MoreObjective: The purpose of this study is to review the concepts and features of virtual and online communication, including simultaneous conversations and psychology governing these new spaces, and in this regard, the standards and guidelines of online communication in libraries have been explored. Method: The present study is a documentary and review-analytical method that has used various theories of online interaction to explain the psychology of cyberspace, including theories of media richness, social presence, uses and gratifications theory and online disinhibition. Results: Cyberspace has distinct features that have different effects on the human mind behavior. These features include less mindfulness, dominant writing space, and flexibility in identity, change, and adjustment of perceptions, the multiplicity of possible relationships in cyberspace, the possibility of delayed response to the user in virtual communication, the ability to stretch time and disconnect media, the urgency and concurrence of communication. These features generally lead to psychological states such as anger, anxiety, worry, and frustration. Interaction in cyberspace is effective when the result of this communication interaction, causes the use or satisfaction of the person in his psychological and social environment. Conclusion: Virtual Reference Services (VRS) are a complex and multifaceted commitment. VRS, including simultaneous chat with the user, clarifies the vacuum of visual and auditory cues and the feeling of personal connection and it is necessary to use alternatives and tricks for these virtual communications to evoke the same feeling of face. Therefore, due to the nature of the work and the complexity of the librarian-user interaction during the reference process, "the positive and negative behavior of the librarian (observed by the user) is an important factor in the success or failure of the process. Paying attention to the psychology of users in cyberspace, adhering to the standards and guidelines of librarians' behavioral and skillful performance, and being equipped with various scientific and communication skills are the success factors of online Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
420 - Feasibility Study for Creating a Virtual Reference Network in the Special Libraries of Art in Tehran
Hamideh Jafari Pavarsi Fereshteh Sepehr Ashraf.alsadat BozorgiPurpose: The purpose of this feasibility study was to investigate the creating of a virtual reference Network in the Special Libraries of Art in Tehran, tried to review the Special libraries of art in the case of facilities and modern technologies of the Internet aspect MorePurpose: The purpose of this feasibility study was to investigate the creating of a virtual reference Network in the Special Libraries of Art in Tehran, tried to review the Special libraries of art in the case of facilities and modern technologies of the Internet aspects for reference services. Methodology: It was an analytical survey. The Statistical population was 24 special libraries of art, without any Samplings. The Researcher made questionnaire with the reliability of Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.829) was used to gather information. The Inferential statistics was used. Spss16 software was used to analyze data. Findings: Research findings showed that the most of libraries don’t have Necessary Hardware and Software equipments and facilities for creating the virtual reference Network. Employee Status from the course of number, skills and course of study was more than average. 83 percent of libraries use integrated reference services (electronic and traditional). Status of Acquisition and funds of resources was Moderate. Organizational structure, with 39 percent of these libraries has compatible to implement the virtual reference network. Conclusion: More than 50 percent of libraries didn’t have acceptable facilities and conditions for creating the virtual reference network. Most libraries with respect to the adequacy of the expertise requisite manpower, computer and network, and the budget were not able to join this network Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
421 - A study on the status and services of virtual reference desk in governmental university libraries of Iran
Mahdi Mohammadi Nayyereh Khodadadad Shahri Easa ZareiPurpose: The general aim of this study is to evaluate the virtual reference desk in the websites of governmental university libraries. Methodology: The research method was survey.The statistical population is consisted of 90 websites of governmental university li MorePurpose: The general aim of this study is to evaluate the virtual reference desk in the websites of governmental university libraries. Methodology: The research method was survey.The statistical population is consisted of 90 websites of governmental university libraries of Iran that were taken from university ranking services (www.4icu.org). Findings: Findings show that among 90 studied universities, 22 universities are in Tehran, and 62 universities are in other cities. 66.7% of universities have a direct link, and 15% have an indirect one at university homepage. 41% of them have a kind of virtual reference desk and 55% don’t have a link for it. 77% of virtual reference desks use a web form that most of them have limited items. Conclusion: Only 11 websites have a written policy, FAQ questions, and so on. Findings also show that only 2 virtual reference desks were active and answered the research questions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
422 - Virtue in Machiavelli’s Political Thought
Reza Shakeri -
Open Access Article
423 - The Role of Virtual News Networks on Voting Behavior (Case study: Political Science Students Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch in 26 February 2016 Election)
Zeynab Dehghani Hassan Abniki -
Open Access Article
424 - Opportunities of Virtual Social Networks for Critical Infrastructure of National Security (From the Point of View of Political and Virtual Media Experts)
Marjan Karami گارینه کشیشیان سیرکی محمد توحیدفامVirtual space and the associated social networks, like many other emerging phenomena, have both positive and negative consequences in various aspects of life. The undeniable impact of this space is particularly significant in the national security of countries, as it ca MoreVirtual space and the associated social networks, like many other emerging phenomena, have both positive and negative consequences in various aspects of life. The undeniable impact of this space is particularly significant in the national security of countries, as it can create numerous opportunities for national security along with the changes and developments it brings about. This research aims to identify the opportunities that social networks create for the infrastructure of national security. Data were collected through grounded theory and in-depth interviews with 16 experts in the fields of politics and virtual space. The data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding methods, employing the Strauss and Corbin approach. The research results indicate that virtual social networks can provide unique opportunities for national security by strengthening the infrastructures of social, political, cultural, economic, and environmental security. The research results are presented in the form of a paradigm model of opportunities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
425 - Presenting the model of organizational virtue in the central organization of Islamic Azad University
mohsen faraji Sedigheh Tootian Esfehani leila saiediConsidering the role and importance of organizational virtue in improving organizational performance, the present research was conducted with the aim of presenting the model of organizational virtue in the central organization of Islamic Azad University. which included MoreConsidering the role and importance of organizational virtue in improving organizational performance, the present research was conducted with the aim of presenting the model of organizational virtue in the central organization of Islamic Azad University. which included basic, organizing and universal themes. The data collection method was library, field and data collection tools, questionnaire and interview. The experts were gathered, so that in this research, to evaluate and increase the validity and reliability, the method suggested by Linkin and Goba was used, and to ensure the validity and acceptability of the data, the permanent and continuous engagement method was used. Purposive sampling method through theoretical saturation, 13 people were selected. According to the research findings of organizational virtue model with 9 organizational themes including organizational justice, organizational loyalty, job commitment, organizational trust, organizational optimism, organizational ethics, organizational culture, organizational generosity Organizational compassion was obtained using Brown and Clark's method in thematic analysis. From the results of the research, it is possible to point out the fundamental role of organizational virtue in the organization, which is mentioned as one of the factors of the progress and transformation of the university and the degree of growth and transformation of human resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
426 - Investigating of virtual love and its resulting damages in the behavior of young people (case study: universities of Ardabil province)
iran soleimaniStudents' love may have a positive or negative effect on their behavior and affect the atmosphere of the university. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between university students' love and their behavior. The descriptive research method is con MoreStudents' love may have a positive or negative effect on their behavior and affect the atmosphere of the university. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between university students' love and their behavior. The descriptive research method is contextualization. Based on research hypotheses, to investigate the relationship between virtual love and its components with students' behavior (Ardebil universities) It also examines the relationship between demographic variables (gender, age and education) with virtual love. Standard MSQ, JDS, JSS questionnaires were used to collect information. 88% living environment, 60% beauty, 95% vulgar movies, 81% think that virtual communication, 98% of friends and 71% of lack of money in life are the reasons why young people fall into virtual love, that 54% of virtual love does not lead to marriage, 96% consider love marriage to be a cause of cynicism and lack of trust, 85% consider polygamy to be the cause of many divorces. 64% consider love to be an obstacle to academic progress. In sum, love and its components, respectively, vulgar movies, nabob friends, living environment, virtual communication, beauty and clothing, lack of finances, solidarity and had a significant relationship with students' behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
427 - Designing an organizational virtue model with a qualitative approach (case study: Ministry of Keshavarzi Jahad)
Ali mehdizadeh ashrafi Mohammadbagher Moradi Amir Gholam abri Majid JahangirfardThe purpose of this research was to design the model of organizational virtue along with identifying and prioritizing dimensions, components and indicators and validating the proposed model of organizational virtue with a qualitative approach in the Ministry of Keshavar MoreThe purpose of this research was to design the model of organizational virtue along with identifying and prioritizing dimensions, components and indicators and validating the proposed model of organizational virtue with a qualitative approach in the Ministry of Keshavarzi Jahad. The method of conducting the present research is a mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) and the statistical population was 12 experts who were answered using the interview tool. In this research, in order to analyze the data in the qualitative part of the method Theme analysis (theme analysis) was used, and based on the results, the research pattern according to the output of Atlas T software, including 1 overarching theme (organizational virtue model with a qualitative approach in the Ministry of Jihad Agriculture) and 7 organizing themes (health, responsibility, trust, forgiveness, justice-oriented, cohesion, opening horizons) and 24 basic themes (financial health, moral health, work health; social responsibility, economic responsibility, legal responsibility, environmental responsibility; honesty, transparency, goodwill , competence; sympathy, sacrifice, kindness; justice in the establishment of laws, justice in the implementation of laws, justice in relationships between people; harmony, adaptability, solidarity; optimism, fulfillment of obligations, happiness, growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
428 - Survey the Effect of Virtual Networks on Students' Leisure Time of Iran University of Medical Sciences
Zahra Faizullahzadeh Leila Hamedi Fateme ArdhaeiThe overall purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of virtual networks on students' leisure satisfaction of Iran University of Medical Sciences. This research was a descriptive correlational study based on structural equation modeling in which data were col MoreThe overall purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of virtual networks on students' leisure satisfaction of Iran University of Medical Sciences. This research was a descriptive correlational study based on structural equation modeling in which data were collected in the field through a questionnaire. Its statistical population consisted of all students of Iran University of Medical Sciences who have been members of at least one of the virtual networks for at least 3 months, which is 2000 people and the statistical sample based on Cochran's formula is 323 people and available Selected. In this study, the Leisure Satisfaction Questionnaire: Baird and Ragheb (1983) and the Single Social Networks and Social Questionnaire (2014) were used. Descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach were used to analyze the data. In this study, SPSS software version 26 and Smart Pls software version 3 were used to analyze the data. The results showed that virtual networks in the dimensions of: social, educational, physical, relaxation and attractiveness of leisure satisfaction of students of Iran University of Medical Sciences have a significant effect, but virtual networks do not have a significant effect on the psychological dimension, leisure satisfaction of students of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
429 - Substitution of traditional money with virtual currencies and its effects on macroeconomic variables in the form of DSGE model
mohammad pouraghdam taghi torabi abbas memarnezhad teymor mohammadiThe purpose of this article was to investigate the replacement of traditional money with virtual currencies and its effects on macroeconomic variables with the approach of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models. For this purpose, the data of the period 201 MoreThe purpose of this article was to investigate the replacement of traditional money with virtual currencies and its effects on macroeconomic variables with the approach of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models. For this purpose, the data of the period 2018-2019 with seasonal frequency have been used. In the model designed in this article, it is assumed that due to the use of virtual money, a substitution between virtual money and traditional money will happen in people's asset portfolio. In this study, the shock caused by the price and volume of Bitcoin transactions is considered as an indicator for the demand for virtual currency. The results show that the shock from virtual currencies has led to a decrease in the demand for traditional money, in other words, there has been a substitution between holding traditional money and virtual money. In addition, the results indicated that due to the shock of virtual currencies, the amount of consumption in the economy has increased, and on the other hand, the amount of government income from royalties and money printing has decreased. Also, the results showed that the government's tax revenues have also decreased due to the trend of financial resources in the economy towards the demand of virtual currencies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
430 - Enthusiasm for virtual space among athletes in Tehran
HELEN NIKBAKHSH یی یی زز ززThe purpose of this research was to identify the passion for virtual space among athletes. which was done with a qualitative approach, based on grounded theory by the method of Strauss and Corbin and with semi-structured in-depth interview technique until reaching theor MoreThe purpose of this research was to identify the passion for virtual space among athletes. which was done with a qualitative approach, based on grounded theory by the method of Strauss and Corbin and with semi-structured in-depth interview technique until reaching theoretical saturation. The statistical population of this research is 9 male and female athletes of different sports leagues, living in Tehran and willing to participate in the research. For sampling, the purposeful sampling method was used to select the people to be interviewed. Qualitative data analysis has been done in several stages. First, the process of open coding has been done, based on which, the raw statements of the interview were converted into concepts. A total of 46 concepts have been extracted. In the axial coding stage; Irrelevant concepts are removed and concepts close to each other are grouped in the form of new categories. A total of 18 categories have been prepared. Then selective coding has been done. The results of the research showed that individual and environmental factors were effective in the enthusiasm for virtual space among athletes. In the axis of individual factors, categories related to background conditions include: personality categories and positive attitude towards virtual space; The category related to the intervening conditions includes: characteristics and personality differences of the people around; The category related to causal conditions includes: justifying enthusiasm for virtual space; The phenomenon category includes: desire for virtual space; Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
431 - Love with Roozbehan, Baqli and Ibn Arabi; With emphasis on the status of women
Zahra Kushki Insha' Allah Rahmati Abstract"Love" as a challenging category has been the concern of many Muslim mystics, including Roozbehan and Ibn Arabi. In addition, this word has always been associated with the female sex as a mistress. This connection seems stronger in the opinions o More Abstract"Love" as a challenging category has been the concern of many Muslim mystics, including Roozbehan and Ibn Arabi. In addition, this word has always been associated with the female sex as a mistress. This connection seems stronger in the opinions of the two mystics than the others. The importance of the issue of love from the point of view of Roozbehan and Ibn Arabi, emphasizing the role of women, is due to the fact that both mystics had innovative and somewhat different views on love and women from other Sufi elders. This is what makes this issue "controversial" and readable. In this regard, the authors, through phenomenological studies, have explored the circumstances and views of these two characters about women and chaste human love. How these two mystics interpret love and its types, as well as the status of women in their minds, are questions that have been tried to be answered. After studying the opinions of Sheikh Shatah and Sheikh Akbar, it has been concluded that for all of them, virtual love is not just a training ground or a ladder and a path to true love, but chaste human love is a radius of the spark of divine love and along and in line with It is counted. Moreover, both mystics believe that understanding the eternal beauty of God and tasting the love of God, only by paying attention to the "manifestations" of that eternal truth in the forms of creatures, especially the highest of them, namely man, especially woman, with All aspects of his existence, including physicality and spirituality, are possible. It is in this direction that woman and chaste human love find a special place in the life and thought of these two in comparison with the opinions of other great Sufis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
432 - Mystical Aesthetics: An Analysis Based on Hegel's Philosophy of Aesthetics
Narjes Tohidifar Saeid Asadi Comparing phenomena is a way to know their different layers, as well as a way to discover new and hidden ones. By using analytical-comparative method, the present study investigates and compares mysticism and beauty. At first, the concept of beauty, the process o More Comparing phenomena is a way to know their different layers, as well as a way to discover new and hidden ones. By using analytical-comparative method, the present study investigates and compares mysticism and beauty. At first, the concept of beauty, the process of its creating and the way to understand it is examined. Then, some instances of beauty in Islamic mysticism are introduced. The study focuses more on the intuitive aspect of beauty associated with mysticism. The results show that according to Hegel, art is the recording of transient moments happening for artist in an impressionistic moment. In this way, the artist transforms the transient moment into a persistent and eternal one. Also, in Islamic mysticism, in an intuitive moment (which is the same as an impressionistic moment in Hegel's aesthetics) the mystic observes the beauty of the celestial geometry in the loci of manifestations due to his/her constant attention to the Divine beauty. These manifestations include from the beauty of the human face in carnal love to the smallest particles of the universe. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
433 - The Archetype of Death and Rebirth in the Works of Badi Saqour and Shafiei Kadkani: A Comparative Study
Gholāmrezā Pirouz Parināz BāgheriArchetypes are rooted in the depths of collective unconsciousness; some of them, beyond the geographical boundaries, are present in the minds of all men. The present article, by using analytical-comparative method, attempts to exmine "the archetype of death and rebirth" MoreArchetypes are rooted in the depths of collective unconsciousness; some of them, beyond the geographical boundaries, are present in the minds of all men. The present article, by using analytical-comparative method, attempts to exmine "the archetype of death and rebirth" in the poems let the Pigeon sleep by Syrian poet, Badi Saqour and in the Praise of Pigeons by M.R. Shafiei Kadkani. The issue of death and rebirth in these poems can be studied in three ways: a: The poet's focus is more on the subject of death. b: Death and rebirth occur in a balanced manner. c: More attention is paid to the subject of rebirth. The most important findings of this study are as follows: Many of the poems in these two collections are based on the balance between death and rebirth. In other his poems, Badi Saqour focuses more on death; but, Shafiei Kadkani emphasizes more on the issue of rebirth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
434 - The Story of Rostam and Sohrab: An Analysis Based on Aristotelian Ethics
Zolfaqār Alāmi leilā Āghāyāni ChāvooshiThe aim of present article is to study the story of Rostam and Sohrab based on moral virtues in the thoughts of Aristotle. According to Aristotle, virtue is a praiseworthy ethical habit between excess and negligence. Some of these virtues are courage, honesty, nobility MoreThe aim of present article is to study the story of Rostam and Sohrab based on moral virtues in the thoughts of Aristotle. According to Aristotle, virtue is a praiseworthy ethical habit between excess and negligence. Some of these virtues are courage, honesty, nobility and hauteur. In the present article, after a cursory examination of the Aristotelian approach to moral virtues, they are studied in the story of Rostam and Sohrab. The analysis of the story shows that there is a considerable correspondence between virtues and moral conducts of the characters of the story and Aristotelian virtues. It also shows that moral codes have an important function in Shāhnāmeh and the behaviors of Iranian heroes. The moral behaviors of Sohrab, considerably correspond to Aristotelian virtues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
435 - Divine Birth and Death in Masnavi
mohammad mohammadpour navide bazargan amir hosein mahoziScholars believe that man has two kinds of birth: 1) formal and 2) the second or spiritual birth. The spiritual birth, which is also called divine birth and wedding of eternity, is one of the foundations of mysticism of Mulānā Jalāl-al Din Rumī. Like the mystics who bel MoreScholars believe that man has two kinds of birth: 1) formal and 2) the second or spiritual birth. The spiritual birth, which is also called divine birth and wedding of eternity, is one of the foundations of mysticism of Mulānā Jalāl-al Din Rumī. Like the mystics who believe to expansion and intoxication, he speaks about loving death and considers it as a state of human evolution, in which one moves from realm of multiplicity and world of nature to realm of unity and world of divine. According to Rumī, the spiritual birth depends on faith, spiritual fatherhood and love. On the basis of the anecdotes of Masnavi Manvi, the present article tries to explain different kinds of birth, factors affecting volitional death, state, features, ways and benefits of this kind of death. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
436 - The Internalizing and Externalizing Behavioral Problems in Children: Birth Order and Age Spacing
Seyyed Abbas Satoorian Abbas Ali Haratian Karineh Tahmassian MohammadReza Ahmadi This causal-comparative study aimed to compare the children’s internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems in terms of birth order and age spacing. Five hundred and thirty six elementary students and their parents were selected by multistage random More This causal-comparative study aimed to compare the children’s internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems in terms of birth order and age spacing. Five hundred and thirty six elementary students and their parents were selected by multistage random cluster sampling from city of Yazd. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) and a demographic information form were used in the study. The results of the two-way analysis of variance indicated that the age spacing between siblings and birth order had significant impact on externalizing behavioral problems. The children with under two years age space had most problems of externalization. Furthermore, the fourth-born child onward and the firstborn child had the highest scores of externalizing problems, respectively. The findings suggested that 2-3 years of age space was appropriate and the behavioral problems of children in families with three children were lower than other groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
437 - The Pattern of Road-Crossing Behavior of Children with Internalized and Externalized Behavioral Problems
Mahboobeh Hashemi Juzdani Zahra Tabibi Ali MashhadiThe current study aimed to investigate road crossing behavior of three groups of children, namely; typically-developing chil- dren, children with internalized problems and children with externalized problems. A total of 79 children aged 7.5 to 10 years in three groups o MoreThe current study aimed to investigate road crossing behavior of three groups of children, namely; typically-developing chil- dren, children with internalized problems and children with externalized problems. A total of 79 children aged 7.5 to 10 years in three groups of typically-developing children, children with internalized problems, and children with externalized problems voluntarily participated in the study. Tools included a pedestrian virtual reality environment (Schwebel, Gaines & Severson, 2007) to assess road-crossing behavior and Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale-Children and Adolescents (Barkley, 2012) to measure the deficits in executive functions. The results of MANCOVA with age and scores in BDEFS-CA as the covariates showed that children with internalized problems waited longer on the sidewalk than typically-developing children and children with externalized problems; they had more missed opportunities, and after a traffic gap, they started crossing with more delay. Children with externalized problems had more hits than typically-developing children. Compared to typically-developing children and children with internalized problems, children with externalized problems also exhibited less safe behavior when crossing the roads. Therefore, it’s necessary for the specialists of child traffic injury prevention programs to focus on behavior modification-based interventions, taking into account the pattern of street-crossing behavior of at-risk groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
438 - Effects of different dietary selenium sources (selenomethionine and selenite) on growth performance, haematocirt and some blood parameters on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
H. Rajabiestrabadi H. Emadi M. R. ImanpoorThis study was aimed to determine the role of selenomethionine and selenite on the growth, haematocirt and some blood parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). A twelve-week feeding trial was undertaken with seven experimental dietary treatments based on a comm MoreThis study was aimed to determine the role of selenomethionine and selenite on the growth, haematocirt and some blood parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). A twelve-week feeding trial was undertaken with seven experimental dietary treatments based on a common commercial trout grower diet (FFT2, Chineh, Tehran, Iran) supplemented with various levels of selenomethionine or selenite.. Rainbow trout (mean weight 22 ±2.5 g) were acquired, acclimated to a 21 tank recirculation (300 l) at a density of 30 fish per tank. All fish in each tank were weighed at t=0 and were fed three times daily at 8:00, 14:00 and 20:00 with each feed. Daily feeding rate was about fed 3% body weight per day. No significant difference was observed in survival rate, FCR and SGR due to the inclusion of selenium in fish diets (P >0.05). Weight gain of rainbow trout increased significantly with the increase of selenium level in the tested diets. The higher weight gain (464.0±60.2 g) was obtained when fish fed on 8 mg kg-1 selenomethionin diet, while the lowest one (390.0±36.5 g) was obtained at the control group. There were significant decreases (P < 0.05) in WBC of 4 mg kg-1 selenomethionine and 8 mg kg-1 selenite with the control and also there were significant decreases (P < 0.05) in RBCs of 2 mg kg-1 selenomethionine with the control. Physiological parameters(haematocirt, hemoglobin, Differential cell count, MCV, MCH and MCHC) were not affected by Se supplementation (P >0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
439 - The impact of the virtual world on family law
azam karami ghare ghashlaghi abdolreza alizadeh seyed ali alavi ghazviniThe development of technology and communication (ICT) has made a huge change in human relations in such a way that the most basic institution of the society has faced intellectual, psychological, cultural and social damages in order to maintain itself and its functions MoreThe development of technology and communication (ICT) has made a huge change in human relations in such a way that the most basic institution of the society has faced intellectual, psychological, cultural and social damages in order to maintain itself and its functions against the transformation caused by the changes. In dealing with these injuries; Cultivation plays a key role in the recognition and correct use of the virtual space under the title of improving the level of media literacy.This qualitative research was conducted in terms of purpose, application and opinion gathering of information, sources related to the subject, and the obtained information was analyzed in a descriptive-analytical manner.This research has investigated the performance of virtual space from the positive and negative side on the institution of the family. In explaining the traumatic sociological factors, identity change, isolationism, virtual space addiction, privacy violation, etc. have been considered as negative factors of the effect of virtual space on the foundation of the family. Protecting the rights of family and ultimately improving the society depends on strengthening substantive and formal laws that are appropriate to the platform of virtual space and its unique features such as the speed of interactions and the absence of traditional borders. Reforming family laws as an independent institution in the perspective of the legislature requires changes in the field of reforming computer crimes, combining traditional family law laws with the characteristics of cyberspace and legislating regulations for the protection of family rights. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
440 - An analytical investigation of the concept and nature of the intellectual virtues with focus on Zagzebskys views
farkhunde disnad seyed jalal hashemi seyed mansur mareeshi masoud safaeimoghadamcontrolled Intellectual virtues are stable traits of human ego, achievement of the knowledge of world, intellectual habits and attitudes., Virtue epistemologists believe that the epistemic status of a belief is dependent upon certain characteristics of the agent (intell Morecontrolled Intellectual virtues are stable traits of human ego, achievement of the knowledge of world, intellectual habits and attitudes., Virtue epistemologists believe that the epistemic status of a belief is dependent upon certain characteristics of the agent (intellectual virtues), and it is only through the application of intellectual virtues that truth is achieved in the epistemic process. However there is no consensus among virtue epistemologists regarding the general nature of the intellectual virtues. While some scholars such as Sosa consider these Virtues to be a kind of innater competence and cognitive talents, , other scholars such as Zagzebsky view intellectual virtues as intellectual character traits and a subset of moral virtues. Using an analytical approach this study set out to investigate the nature of intellectual virtues from both perspectives. While epistemic reliablism consider intellectual virtues as a kind of innate skill or cognitive faculty enabling individual to be epistemologically efficient, analyses suggest that so far as the concept of praise is deemed necessary in the epistemic analysis of the agents, and so far as the achievement and expansion of avirtue is considered out of control of the epistemic agent, it would be a better option to reject the understanding of intellectual virtues as skilles and innate cognitive faculties, and accept that the character- based approach provide a batter account of the nature of intellectual virtues by considering motive and reliability as two essential criteria for the presence of these virtues, that are admirable charater traits sufficiently by the agent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
441 - Epistemology of virtue, recursion to the past and mutation towards the future
Jalal Peykani Mohamad masoudi niaContemporary epistemology has been influenced by scientism which dominates the analytical philosophy during twentieth century, and considered the knowledge by pure mechanical approach leading to remove non-cognitional aspects from contemporary epistemology. Accordingly, MoreContemporary epistemology has been influenced by scientism which dominates the analytical philosophy during twentieth century, and considered the knowledge by pure mechanical approach leading to remove non-cognitional aspects from contemporary epistemology. Accordingly, it comes to the kind of depression in the contemporary epistemology. Recently, new approach has grown within that epistemology which cannot stand the dominated process and by inspiring the earlier epistemologists, cannot take the role of non-cognitive psychological agents into consideration in the subjectiveness acquiring the knowledge. Ernest Susa and Linda Zagzebski are two outstanding figures belong to the epistemology of virtue. They introduce the episteme as a result of correct function of faculties in the subject that all of them are not directly the epistemological faculties in their own general senses. Therefore, they look for the condition of episteme not in the belief, but in the subject and cognitive agent. This article, in addition to concentrate on the insisting of epistemology of virtue on the role of non-cognitional agents in obtaining the episteme, has shown that this factor can open the new approach in contemporary epistemology and take it out of the current recession. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
442 - The role of information technology uses for increasing consumer informedness in cross-border electronic commerce
Leila Kordnaeij SAbbas HaydariThe increase in cross-border e-commerce in recent years indicates a new form of international trade. Information technology has played an effective role in the development of e-commerce worldwide through increasing customer awareness. In this article, we try to explain MoreThe increase in cross-border e-commerce in recent years indicates a new form of international trade. Information technology has played an effective role in the development of e-commerce worldwide through increasing customer awareness. In this article, we try to explain the role of information technology in the development of cross-border e-commerce by presenting a model. The statistical population of the study are customers who have purchased electronically from e-shops in the Iranian virtual community, from which 384 people were randomly selected as a sample using the Cochran's formula. The research method was survey and the data collection tool was a questionnaire with Likert scale. Structural equation method and SPSS and Amos software were also used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The findings of this study confirm the conceptual model presented. That is, the motivation to use the Internet (e-commerce) to buy goods from abroad causes customers to use information technology to identify suppliers of goods and also how to buy online. The use of information technology also increases customers' awareness of cross-border e-commerce by increasing their intention to shop online. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
443 - Presenting a quantitative model for evaluating the effectiveness of virtual courses of in-service training for employees with an entrepreneurial marketing approach (Study case: Tejarat Bank)
ahad Dehghanzadeh Mojtaba Moazzami Esfandiar Doshman Ziari esmaeil kavosiThe present study has designed a model for evaluating the effectiveness of virtual courses of in-service training for employees with an entrepreneurial marketing approach. The research is practical in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of method. Using the three MoreThe present study has designed a model for evaluating the effectiveness of virtual courses of in-service training for employees with an entrepreneurial marketing approach. The research is practical in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of method. Using the three-stage Delphi technique among 20 experts, the indicators were adjusted and refined and the final model was calculated. In order to implement the designed model, a researcher-made questionnaire was placed in the survey plant. At this stage, the statistical population includes all the employees of Tejarat Bank in Tehran (5163 people). Based on Cochran's formula, 358 people were selected . After collecting data, statistical analysis of data was done at two descriptive levels (statistical indicators) and inferential level (confirmatory factor analysis).The results of the research indicate that in terms of evaluating the effectiveness of virtual courses of in-service training for employees the most attention is paid to the dimension "quality of educational services in virtual education" and the least attention to the dimension "the role of information technology in virtual education". is. Also, among the 13 components identified, "quality of information" has attracted the most attention and "evaluation of the effectiveness of training courses" has attracted the least attention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
444 - Internet addiction and some of its demographic correlates in Tehran students
Ramin Alavinejad Shirin Kooshki Anita Baqdasariyans Fatemeh GolshaniThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating some demographic correlates of Internet addiction. The research population was all undergraduate students of Tehran universities who were studying in the academic year 1997-1998. The sample of this research inclu MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating some demographic correlates of Internet addiction. The research population was all undergraduate students of Tehran universities who were studying in the academic year 1997-1998. The sample of this research included 800 students aged 18 to 24 who were selected by multi-stage cluster method. Data collection was done using demographic information questionnaire and Internet addiction questionnaire by Yang (1998). Among the studied demographic variables of the field of study, marital status, employment status, parenting methods and the topic of Internet consumption showed a significant difference between normal and problematic Internet users (p ˂ 005). Users who reported their parents as authoritarian or neglectful were significantly more in the group of problematic Internet users (p ˂ 0.1). In general, it seems that the relationship between students' demographic information and Internet addiction can have important implications. Some of these demographic characteristics can be considered in future research in terms of predicting and finding the cause of abnormal behaviors such as Internet addiction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
445 - Distributed Energy Technologies Planning and Sizing in a Sample Virtual Power Plant Using Speedy Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Mohammad Hosein Salehi Mohammadreza Moradian Majid Moazzami Ghazanfar ShahgholianIn modern power networks, once the restructuring of production units is done, traditional power plants will operate as virtual power plants (VPPs), which are actually a collection of distributed generation (DG) units and energy storage systems (ESSs) that form an integr MoreIn modern power networks, once the restructuring of production units is done, traditional power plants will operate as virtual power plants (VPPs), which are actually a collection of distributed generation (DG) units and energy storage systems (ESSs) that form an integrated power plant. Commercial VPPs can replace the current traditional power plants in the near future, because they have many advantages such as organizing distributed energy resources (DER) and hydrogen and electricity storage systems. Considering that energy management and planning of DER resources in VPP have challenging issues, therefore, thoughts such as changes in instantaneous power generation, consumption, energy price and availability of system components should be taken into consideration, so that simulations and future research with problems will not accompanied. Since microgrids have the ability to monitor and control real-time power in power grids, determining the number of DER resources in VPPs is deliberated essential in order to reduce planning costs. For this purpose, in this paper, the optimal sizing of DERs is done using speed particle swarm optimization (SPSO) algorithm. In proposed optimization algorithm, the coefficients c1 and c2 are not constant and is changing according to the number of iterations, which makes the search in the problem solving space more efficient and its convergence is improved by 26% compared to the traditional PSO algorithm. Consequently, the number and sizing of solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), fuel cell (FC), electrolyzer, hydrogen storage and battery resources in a 20-year time horizon will be achieved with the lowest cost. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
446 - relationship between Virtual Social Networks and Religion Aversion (Case Study: youth 15 to 29 years old in District 15 of Tehran)
Nazanin Malekian hasan jokar ghomiThe main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between virtual networks and Religion aversion of youth. In this research, the theoretical framework is based on Berger and Luckmann's social construction theories, Giddens theory and the theory of use an MoreThe main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between virtual networks and Religion aversion of youth. In this research, the theoretical framework is based on Berger and Luckmann's social construction theories, Giddens theory and the theory of use and gratification. The present research is correlational and survey method. The statistical population is all 15-29-year-old youth in district 15 of Tehran which randomly by cluster sampling method and based on the Cochran formula, 380 people was selected. The data gathering tool was a researcher made questionnaire. In this research, data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression. The results of the research have shown that the use of social, cultural and religious functions of virtual social networks is moderate average, and youngest people are believed to be in The low-believer group. The results indicate that there is a negative and significant correlation between the virtual social networks and the religion aversion of youth. There is a meaningful relationship between the cultural functions of virtual social networks and religion aversion of youth. And also there is a negative and meaningful relationship between the religious functions of virtual social networks and religion aversion of youth. Regression and path analysis results show that the social functions of social networks have had the greatest impact on religion aversion of youth. Virtual social networks have been able to distinguish 20.7% of the variance of the dependent variable of religious aversion among youth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
447 - The role of social trust and use of virtual social networks on the cultural capital of the citizens of Tehran
zahra Nourani Asiabar Tahmoras Shiri Reza Ali MohseniCultural capital empowers people by enhancing people's understanding and increasing the power of individuals to apply the knowledge and necessary skills. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of social trust and use of virtual social networks on the MoreCultural capital empowers people by enhancing people's understanding and increasing the power of individuals to apply the knowledge and necessary skills. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of social trust and use of virtual social networks on the cultural capital of Tehran citizens. The present study is descriptive–casual type. The research method is survey. Statistical population includes all the citizens of Tehran who is over 18 years old. Sampling with the combination of disproportionate stratified sampling and cluster sampling was done. The data are collected by a questionnaire with interview, the survey was carried out among 418 people. In examining the assumptions used pearson correlation coefficient and regression test and In studying the research model used path analysis technique. The results show that by increasing the use of virtual social networks, cultural capital increases and vice versa. Also, with the increase of social trust, cultural capital increases and vice versa. Using virtual social networks has a direct and positive impact on cultural capital. Social trust indirectly affects cultural capital through influencing the use of virtual social networks. The use of virtual social networks has a greater impact on social trust on cultural capital. Key words: social trust, use of virtual social networks, cultural capit Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
448 - Study the Effect of virtual networks Using on the National and religious identity of daughter Secondary school students in Ardabil city
شهناز رفیعی حصار Tooran soleimaniThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of virtual social networks on national and religious identity of second period of high school girl students in Ardabil city. This research is applied research, in terms of descriptive and correlational and the method of d MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of virtual social networks on national and religious identity of second period of high school girl students in Ardabil city. This research is applied research, in terms of descriptive and correlational and the method of data collection methodology is to scrolling. The study population consisted of second period of high school girls in Ardabil which is equal to 7554 people. Cochran formula used to determine sample size and number of statistical samples has been obtained from 367 patients that were selected by simple random sampling. In order to collect required data, National identity (Iranian) standard questionnaire Ahmadi and questionnaire developed by the researchers use virtual social networks and religious identity is used. For data analysis, SPSS version 22 for the one-sample T-test and analyzed by unilabiate regression was used. The results show that the average use of virtual social networks, religious identity and national identity among students more than average. The results also show that the use of virtual social networks has a significant negative effect on students' national identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
449 - distinction or similarity?Investigating the cultural and artistic taste change in the age of modern communication media (Case study: citizens of Ahwaz)
amir farokhvandi Hossahn AGHAJANI Mehrdad Navabakhsh soroush FathiHuman beings have experienced many changes in their aesthetic tastes and values throughout their lives. For this reason, different approaches have been proposed in the history of thought to explain these changes, which in this research have been referred to sociological MoreHuman beings have experienced many changes in their aesthetic tastes and values throughout their lives. For this reason, different approaches have been proposed in the history of thought to explain these changes, which in this research have been referred to sociological opinions.This research has been done with the aim of measuring the cultural and artistic taste of Ahwaz citizens, studying distinc factors affecting it sociologically and investigating similarity of taste in effect virtual social networks. By interviewing the most important indexes related to cultural and artistic taste were identified and then, using the Survey method, citizens of Ahwaz were studied. By testing the research hypothesis, it was found that 7 variables studied, included gender, type of job, ethnicity, educational level, economic capital, cultural capital and socioeconomic class, are factors affect on cultural and artistic tastes of Ahwaz citizens which makes it distinct and it was found that the use of virtual social networks makes similarity in tastes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
450 - Investigating the Social Factors Afecting the Tendency of Kharazmi University Students to Use Virtual Networks
zolfaghar shaker ali jafariThis study was conducted to investigate the social factors affecting the tendency of Kharazmi University students to use virtual networks. This study method Survey. The population of University students in Tehran Unit Award 6 thousand people using a sample of 350 people MoreThis study was conducted to investigate the social factors affecting the tendency of Kharazmi University students to use virtual networks. This study method Survey. The population of University students in Tehran Unit Award 6 thousand people using a sample of 350 people Was chosen as an example. Data collected by questionnaire Was developed by the researchers. To analyze the relationship between variables and Its significance and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used. Results Indicates that the variable component of social commitment than other factors A community of a higher rank in the medium to high tendency of students to network Virtual implications. The results also showed that factors Students tend to virtual social networks has had an impact. The social component, of commitment, investment and social action in the Students tend to use virtual networks have a significant impact. Therefore it is recommended for optimal use of virtual networks and harness Consequences of its penetration into the social life, the culture of efficient use They should be considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
451 - The role of mobile-based virtual networks in reproducing the five dimensions of religious culture among Iranian youth
Yavar Alipoor mollabashi ali jafari shahnaz HashemiThe aim of the present study was to investigate the role of mobile networks based on mobile phones in reproducing the dimensions of religious culture among the young people in Iran. In other words, the main issue of the article is the role of social networks on cultural MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the role of mobile networks based on mobile phones in reproducing the dimensions of religious culture among the young people in Iran. In other words, the main issue of the article is the role of social networks on cultural changes and orientations and the reproduction of the dimensions of religious culture among Iranian youth. To do this, Based on Gerbner's views, media social theories were selected as a theoretical framework. The type of research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of implementation. The population of the study was 18-29 year old youths in Tehran, Ardabil, Gorgan, Shiraz and Kermanshah in 2019. The sampling method was cluster sampling and the sample number was 384. To analyze the data, using Amos software, Path analysis and factor analysis were used. The results showed that the use of mobile-based virtual networks in religious insight, duration of membership in mobile-based networks in religious orientation, participation and activation of mobile-based virtual networks in religious value, religious behavior and religious identity are significantly affected among Iranian youth. Therefore, mobile-based virtual networks play an important role in reproducing religious culture among Iranian youths. In other words, taken from Planting theories and social theories it can be claimed that the more the amount of use and duration of membership in social networks, the more the probability of effect on the user. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
452 - Understanding students' lived experiences from virtual education with the phenomenological approach studied: students of Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran branch.
maryam afkhami mohammad abbaszadeh mehran samadi javad alipurThe present study seeks to investigate and understand the lived experiences of students of central Tehran Islamic Azad University of virtual education with a phenomenological approach. Purposive sampling and data collection tools, semi-structured in-depth individual int MoreThe present study seeks to investigate and understand the lived experiences of students of central Tehran Islamic Azad University of virtual education with a phenomenological approach. Purposive sampling and data collection tools, semi-structured in-depth individual interviews during which the participants were asked about the lived experience of virtual education, the interview process continued until the saturation stage, information was obtained from the interview. Virtual education related to family, costs, lack of concentration environment, family companionship, family discomfort, virtual education experiences related to professors and university, more interaction with professors, possibility of using recorded classes, lack of trust of professors and university in virtual education ,Experiences of virtual education related to the Internet and class connection tools, technical problems, experiences of virtual education related to the virtual system, gradually accompanying it, lack of providing a training booklet from the university, lack of support response, experiences of virtual education related to virtual exams, closure Exam due to technical and infrastructural problems, the difficulty of the exams compared to face-to-face exams, practicality and analytical of exams Persistence of questions in memory, Research suggestions include providing a suitable context for further interaction Adding teaching quality, increasing the quality of teaching, time and cost management Continuous evaluation of systems quality, Allocation of the Internet to students and professors, Holding virtual and face-to-face classes, Student participation through presentations or Q&A in class. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
453 - Examining the opportunities and challenges of virtual education on the individual and society in universities with a hybrid approach
maryam afkhami Mohammad Abbas Zadeh mehran samadi javad alipurSince the end of 2018, due to the spread of the Corona pandemic, virtual education, which had started years before that, spread to all universities and educational centers and became widespread, and as a result, researches about it also expanded and various researches o MoreSince the end of 2018, due to the spread of the Corona pandemic, virtual education, which had started years before that, spread to all universities and educational centers and became widespread, and as a result, researches about it also expanded and various researches on various topics about Identification of efficiency and effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages, etc. regarding virtual education was published. Based on this, the aim of this article is to examine the opportunities and challenges of virtual education in universities with a hybrid approach. Based on this, after reviewing numerous articles from various domestic scientific databases, among 194 researches in this field, 19 articles were selected as final sources for review, analysis, interpretation and classification. Based on the results of the current research, the opportunities and challenges of virtual education were categorized and divided into six components, which include: individual, family, university, technical and infrastructure. virtual education, opportunities, challenges, electronic education, Individual and society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
454 - Examining the Skills Required by Future Educational Administrators
Barat Salimi Yousef Namvar Azam Rastgoo Tooran SoleimaniWith a forward-looking view of the abilities and skills required by future educational administrators, this research seeks to find answers to this question. "What components will be included in the characteristics of desirable administrators of future schools? " In othe MoreWith a forward-looking view of the abilities and skills required by future educational administrators, this research seeks to find answers to this question. "What components will be included in the characteristics of desirable administrators of future schools? " In other words, considering the trends of change and future developments, what components and skills will be a priority for educational administrators? The practical purpose of this research is to investigate and identify the effective components, empower, strengthen and improve the skills of educational administrators and direct efforts to achieve educational and educational goals. The present research method is a mixed type (qualitative and quantitative), and to collect data, first, documents including articles, dissertations, videos lectures and educational conferences, research projects and reports related to the subject were studied. Then, data has been collected by conducting interviews with experts. The data of the qualitative stage have been coded and categorized by the method of thematic analysis. Then, in the quantitative stage, by compiling a researcher-made questionnaire, the mentioned components have been compared with the current and desired conditions of future schools. The findings of this research in the form of main themes in four types of skills required by educational administrators include; technical-specialized, human, perceptual and soft skills, with 50 sub-themes, have been identified and categorized as effective and desirable characteristics in the performance of future educational administrators.The results of the research, in addition to the significant difference between the current and the desired conditions, indicate the significant impact of the components related to the skills of administrators on future schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
455 - On the girth of the annihilating-ideal graph of a commutative ring
M. Ahrari Sh. A. Safari Sabet B. Amini -
Open Access Article
456 - Continuity of some mappings on a group via semi-regular topology
M. Ram S. K. Elagan -
Open Access Article
457 - Proposing A stochastic model for spread of corona virus dynamics in Nigeria
Aliyu Kinafa -
Open Access Article
458 - Explanation of Aristotelian Character Education with Emphasis on Notions of Kristjan Kristjansson
seyyed ramzan aghili mohamad reza loraeiThe approach of virtue in the field of moral education has been revived in recent years and has been seriously considered by various thinkers in the field of moral education. There are a variety of perspectives from fundaments of moral education to operational solutions MoreThe approach of virtue in the field of moral education has been revived in recent years and has been seriously considered by various thinkers in the field of moral education. There are a variety of perspectives from fundaments of moral education to operational solutions. Notwithstanding the variety and expansion, the literature produced in the country is mainly limited to notions of Thomas Likona and David Carr. As a reaction to the current status, the present study aims to introduce another prominent thinker in the field. One of the most important thinkers in this field in recent years is Professor Kristjan Kristjansson, an Icelandic philosopher, thinker, and educator who is currently the Vice President of the Jubilee Center for Character and Virtue at the University of Birmingham. In order to create the ground for the scientific community of the country to become more familiar with this thinker, in this research, an attempt has been made to examine the views of Professor Kristjansson based on his works. Analysis of the content of the works produced by this thinker shows that a paradigm shift in the basis of moral education from duty-oriented ethics to virtue-based ethics, providing a psychological reading of the stages of virtue evolution, mapping the process of character formation and its precedence over character training and enumerating the components of character education and addressing the irreplaceable role of emotions along with rational processes in moral education has been one of the most important scientific concerns of Professor Kristjanssonin the field of character education Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
459 - Presenting the Quality Model of Educational Services in the Virtual Instruction System of Islamic Azad University of Bushehr Province
Farideh Sadeghzadeh mojtaba moazzami Amineh Ahmadi Hoseinali JahedThe purpose of this research was to provide a quality model of educational services in the virtual instruction system of the Islamic Azad University of Bushehr province. The research method was qualitative by using thematic analysis. In order to collect and compile data MoreThe purpose of this research was to provide a quality model of educational services in the virtual instruction system of the Islamic Azad University of Bushehr province. The research method was qualitative by using thematic analysis. In order to collect and compile data, reviewing documents (library method) and semi-structured interviews with 10 experienced professors were used. The sampling method was purposive and convenience. Data analysis was done using MAXQDA 2020 and Excel 2019 software. The results showed that the final model of the current research includes 5 dimensions of educational requirements, aesthetic requirements, content requirements, extra-organizational participation requirements and process requirements. Also, 12 components of interaction with other virtual training groups, dedicating more hours to online training, flexibility, technological factors, online limitation reduction capabilities, e-learning management system, appropriate course content, infrastructure of virtual education system, quality of service delivery system, quality of perceived support, quality of behavior of virtual education supervisors and application of virtual education standards were extracted. The general conclusion of the research shows that the best way to guarantee the quality of virtual education in Islamic Azad University is to use electronic education standards. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
460 - Favorable criminal policy against the criminal risks of virtual currencies
Mohammad Ghaemi Salameh Abolhasani Naghmeh FarhoodThe purpose of this research is to investigate the optimal criminal policy against the criminal risks of virtual currencies. The regulation regarding the criminal risks of virtual currencies in Iran also has significant differences with many other countries, policy make MoreThe purpose of this research is to investigate the optimal criminal policy against the criminal risks of virtual currencies. The regulation regarding the criminal risks of virtual currencies in Iran also has significant differences with many other countries, policy makers and regulators in Iran took another way. This approach started by banning the use and exchange of virtual currencies with the argument of money laundering usability, which promised more attention to virtual currencies from the point of view of money laundering regulations. The field of virtual currencies in the country dated 11/8/2017 was added, indicating the marginalization of the approach related to money laundering to virtual currencies and the strengthening of the approach that is trying to consider common currencies such as dollars and euros as virtual currencies. included the laws related to currency, including the Law on Combating Smuggling of Goods and Currency 1392 with subsequent amendments and additions. The field of virtual currencies in the country dated 11/8/2017 was added, indicating the marginalization of the approach related to money laundering to virtual currencies and the strengthening of the approach that is trying to consider common currencies such as dollars and euros as virtual currencies. included the laws related to currency, including the Law on Combating Smuggling of Goods and Currency 1392 with subsequent amendments and additions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
461 - Matrix analysis of corrosion inhibition phenomena: Theoretical technique for inhibitor prediction and pre-selection
Mohsen Lashgari Mohammad-Reza Arshadi Gholam-Abbas Parsafar -
Open Access Article
462 - Effects of Managed Exercises in Pregnancy on Fetal Growth Criteria in Primiparous Women: A Randomized Clinical Controlled Trial
Tayebeh Zare zadeh Nematollah Nemati Hesam Ramazanzade Tahereh BagherpourRecently, mothers’ physical activity during pregnancy has been the subject of many studies and no human studies have reported negative effects of prenatal exercise on fetus. This study aimed to determine the effect of managed exercise during pregnancy on fetal gro MoreRecently, mothers’ physical activity during pregnancy has been the subject of many studies and no human studies have reported negative effects of prenatal exercise on fetus. This study aimed to determine the effect of managed exercise during pregnancy on fetal growth. This randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 80 pregnant women in Damghan meeting the inclusion criteria. Samples were randomly selected using randomization website and divided into control and intervention groups. The intervention consisted of a structured individual and group aerobic exercises including individual walking, aerobic exercise, sitting Pilates exercise, and moderate to intense gestational aerobic exercise three times a week from gestational age of 18-20 weeks to 37-39 weeks. There were approximately 60 training sessions. The control group received standard care and had routine activities. The independent t-test revealed an insignificant difference between the control and intervention groups in infant weight (t = 0.957, p = 0.342), head circumference (t = 0.921, p = 0.342), and height (t = 0.739, p = 0.492) and gestational age t=1.218, p=0.277. A moderate intensity managed exercise during pregnancy does not pose a risk to maternal and fetal well-being and it does not endanger the health and growth of the fetus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
463 - The Relationship between the Mobility of Sperm on Pregnancy Results by Intrauterine Insemination
Elnaz Lak Fatemeh Shahmolaghamsari Kamran Nasirzadeh Mahshid ElahiIntrauterine insemination (IUI) is the first line of infertile couple treatment for its inexpensive and non-invasive. There is a wide range of indications like infertility with male causes, cervical-associated causes, and unknown causes for intrauterine sperm injection. MoreIntrauterine insemination (IUI) is the first line of infertile couple treatment for its inexpensive and non-invasive. There is a wide range of indications like infertility with male causes, cervical-associated causes, and unknown causes for intrauterine sperm injection. Meanwhile, the main parameters of sperm such as count, mobility, and morphology of sperm play a key role in the success of this method. One of the significant problems in the quality of sperm is the reduced mobility of sperms. Based on the WHO, the mobility under 50%, concentration over 20 million, and morphology over 4% are considered as Astenoaspermia. This study was conducted on the effectiveness of mobility on the outcome of pregnancy with IUI among the infertile couples referring to Jahad Daneshgahi infertility center. A number of 215 samples were divided in three groups of mobility over 70% (normospermia), mobility between 50% and 70% (normospermia) and mobility under 50% (astenoaspermia). The sperms were prepared with SU. The studies indicated that on sperm mobility after preparing had significant increase in all groups. Ovarian stimulations were performed based on the international protocol and the prepared suspension sperm was injected slowly into the uterus with Catheter. The results of pregnancy in term of pregnancy rates, abortion rates, and birth rates were evaluated and analyzed statistically. The results indicated that mobility has no contribution in the significant increase of pregnancy outcomes due to intrauterine insemination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
464 - Analysis the Story of Bijan and Manijeh Based on the Mythology of Fertility
Kobra Jalili Mo'akher Hamid Reza farzi Ebrahim Pour Darghahi Pour DarghahiAbstractOne of the surviving methods of the myths is their continuum in fiction and story., specifically the folk stories. Some stories in this case tell the myths related to the nature of fertility.The importance of such myths are so that James Frazier calls it the fun MoreAbstractOne of the surviving methods of the myths is their continuum in fiction and story., specifically the folk stories. Some stories in this case tell the myths related to the nature of fertility.The importance of such myths are so that James Frazier calls it the fundamental bases of all myths and Mehrdad Bahar labels it as one of the main columns of myths. The myths of the nature ( fertility ) are those which are in connection with nature's death and its resurrection. Delving in some stories in Persian literature one can find the traits of the myths in nature and fertilization rites. The story of Bijan and Manijeh, in this essay, has been studied in connection with a thematical analytic method. The writers' assumption is that in the deep structure of this story one can find the symbols of myths in the nature. Based on this theory and with its thematical analysis we come to the conclusion that the myths of the nature and the rites of the fertility have been proved. Death and birth of the nature have been symbolically manifested and can be seen in its characters. Furthermore, there are other symbolic elements and archetypes in the text that are in relation with the main theme and have been analyzed thereof. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
465 - An Investigation on the Semiotic Rites of Transition in " The Gol and Nowrooz " from Khajooyeh Kermani
Ali Hashem zadeh Hamid Reza farzi Ali DehqanAbstract The rites of transition which is the collection of customs in the passage of time, covers the different stages of man's life including: birth, maturity, marriage and death. There are common ceremonies in the structure MoreAbstract The rites of transition which is the collection of customs in the passage of time, covers the different stages of man's life including: birth, maturity, marriage and death. There are common ceremonies in the structure of the rites of people in different cultures which have roots in the beliefs of ancient world view of the nations and tribes towards the initial creation of the world which can lead to the unity of the nations. The researcher, in this paper, has tried, by following the theory of Van Gennep and others such as Minoo Amir Ghassemi, Hajiloo, Mircha Elyadeh and also the golden branch of James Frazier to study the semiotic rites of transition in an individual's life ( birth, maturity, marriage and death ), seclusion and separation, passage and return in the story of Gol and Nowrooz from Khajooyeh Kermani and also some similarities among the nations of Africa, North America, and Australia. The purpose of the researcher is to explain the combination of speculation and behavior, determining the man's abstract thought and create a new pattern of the internal structure of the rites which can lead to the unification of the dialogue between cultures and civilizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
466 - طراحی و ساخت شبیه ساز مکاترونیکی برای درمان بیماری فوبیا (ترس از تاریکی)
مجید اسلامی حمیدرضا حاجی میرزاعلیان افسانه کرباسیاستفاده از سامانه های شبیه ساز سال­ها است در حوزه های مختلف علمی و صنعتی و نظامی فراگیر بوده و این تکنولوژی (ورود به واقعیت مجازی)در حال گسترش در همه زمینه ها است. در این مقاله با استفاده از متدهای نوین و ساخت یک مکانیزم درمانی که شامل سخت افزارهای مکاترونیکی Moreاستفاده از سامانه های شبیه ساز سال­ها است در حوزه های مختلف علمی و صنعتی و نظامی فراگیر بوده و این تکنولوژی (ورود به واقعیت مجازی)در حال گسترش در همه زمینه ها است. در این مقاله با استفاده از متدهای نوین و ساخت یک مکانیزم درمانی که شامل سخت افزارهای مکاترونیکی با بهره گیری از محیط گرافیکی می باشد، سعی در روند بهبود و درمان بیماران مبتلا به فوبیا (ترس از تاریکی) شده است. مکانیزم طراحی شده پس از فراهم آوردن شرایط محیطی نزدیک به محیط واقعی توسط نرم افزارها و موتورهای گرافیکی، و همچنین شبیه­سازی حرکت سر بیمار با کمک سخت افزارهای مناسب (عینک های سه بعدی و سنسورهای حرکتی چند بعدی)، احساس واقعی بودن شرایط را برای بیمار بطور کامل بوجود می آورد و فرآیند درمان را ساده می سازد. همچنین در این پژوهش پارامترهای موثر بر بیماری ترس از تاریکی با استفاده از نظر متخصصین روانپزشک و بطور جامع و مشابه به واقعیت در محیط گرافیکی شبیه سازی شده است. پس از طراحی و ساخت سامانه مذکور، آزمایشات عملی بر روی تعدادی از کودکان مبتلا به بیماری فوبیا (ترس از تاریکی) در بازه های زمانی مشخص با صلاحدید پزشک معالج، انجام شد. که نتایج آزمایشات بیانگر تاثیر به سزای این سامانه در درمان این بیماری را داشت. همچنین احساس رضایت کودکان نسبت به کار با سامانه درمانی بسیار عالی ارزیابی گردید Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
467 - Synergistic Effects of Aerobic Training and Capsaicin on Visceral Adipose Tissue SIRT1 Gene Expression and Insulin Resistance in Rat Fed a High-Fat Diet.
Elham Heydarzadeh Ahmad Abdi Masoomeh Alsadat Mirshafaei Rostam Abdi -
Open Access Article
468 - Strategic Review of virtual social media as a medium role in creating brand equity
Babak Farbodiam aliakbar farhangi mohamad soltanifarThe purpose of this paper is to examine the strategic role of virtual social networks is on brand equity, to determine the “Honeycomb Model” raised by Smith. Which has seven components: identity, presence, sharing, standing, group, relationships and dialogue MoreThe purpose of this paper is to examine the strategic role of virtual social networks is on brand equity, to determine the “Honeycomb Model” raised by Smith. Which has seven components: identity, presence, sharing, standing, group, relationships and dialogue and to review brand equity model used Aker brand equity. This research led to a new structured model was based on the above theories that increased our understanding of the relationship between the use of social media and brand equity. Data were collected in three ways: structured interviews, direct observation of several social media and questionnaire. A combination of research methods (qualitative / quantitative) was selected to carry out the research. The population of this research are consumers of Nike brand in Tehran and Cluster sampling is available and with a few random selection of some delegates from total delegates of this brand and distribute a questionnaire with 33 questions was conducted among 384 of our customers. For data analysis and hypothesis testing research model, the SPSS, LISREL and PLS software were used by structural equation modeling (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results show the influence of variables "identity", "share", "Fame", "relationships", "dialogue" and "Group" on brand equity. It should be noted that the variable "presence" had no significant effect on brand equity. Key words: virtual social media, the Honeycomb model, Aker brand equity, Facebook, structural equation modeling, Strategy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
469 - Studying the Concerns of Celebrities on Instagram and its Consequences for Fans
Hasan Asadzadeh shahir Taher Roshandel Akbar Nasrollahi Ismail SaadipourIncreasing access to virtual social networks, including Instagram, in Iran has created a unique opportunity for the growth of celebrity culture and their support due to creating an informal media environment and increasing the power of users to share their photos, video MoreIncreasing access to virtual social networks, including Instagram, in Iran has created a unique opportunity for the growth of celebrity culture and their support due to creating an informal media environment and increasing the power of users to share their photos, videos, ideas, emotions, feelings and concerns. In this regard, the aim of this research is to study the concerns of celebrities on Instagram cyberspace and its consequences for fans. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method and the content analysis approach has been used as the operational research method. The participants of the present study include 21 followers of celebrities (with more followers) on the Instagram social network who were selected using a purposive sampling method. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. Also, portability, reliability and verifiability approaches were used to test the validity of the data. The research findings indicate that the concerns of celebrities on Instagram include the representation of social issues, charitable activities, personal branding, and earning the money. The consequences of being the virtual fan of celebrities on Instagram include influencing and changing the people's tastes, influencing people's political interests, exacerbating the social distrust, civil disobedience, and isolating the thought-provoking personalities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
470 - The Connection of Virtual Social Networks with the Desire to Participate in Environmental Protection (Case study of Tehran Citizens over 15 Years Old)
seyedfatemeh gholizade , Faizullah nourozi Hossein dehqanThe purpose of this study is to study the relationship between virtual social networks and the desire to participate in environmental protection among Tehran citizens. Environmental participation has been implemented as a dependent variable based on environmental behavi MoreThe purpose of this study is to study the relationship between virtual social networks and the desire to participate in environmental protection among Tehran citizens. Environmental participation has been implemented as a dependent variable based on environmental behavior and cooperation. The theoretical framework based on Wellman's network theory and Gerbner implantation theory is a research method used quantitatively and the research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The sampling method is a multi-stage cluster and the sample size was obtained after deleting the outdated data of 384 people. The research results indicate that between the desire to participate in environmental protection and the use of social networks There is a positive and significant relationship between virtual (r = 0.492), trust in virtual social networks (r = 0.339), activity in virtual social networks (r = 0.348) and environmental knowledge (r = 0.348). In fact, participation in environmental activities is a function of the trust and conscious performance of users in cyberspace with an environmental focus, and with the results of analysis of variance with Sig = 0.000 and F = 22.91, users who use cyberspace to obtain new information. They are more willing to participate in environmental protection, feel more responsible for their environment, and cooperate more in environmental activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
471 - To study the prevalence of LBW and to determine the ratio preterm to IUGR during one year in 22 Bahman Hospital in Mashhad.
Jamshid Yusefi Morteza Mirzade Neda Tavasoli AskariBackground and aim:Delivery of low birth weight newborn is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality.The prevalence and its risk factors are different in each community. With identification of cause we can reduce incidance of LBW. The aim of this study is to evaluate MoreBackground and aim:Delivery of low birth weight newborn is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality.The prevalence and its risk factors are different in each community. With identification of cause we can reduce incidance of LBW. The aim of this study is to evaluate, prevalence of LBW and determining of proportion intra uterine growth retardation to premature and some maternal LBW risk factors. Materials and methods:This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in one year on newborn with LBW in Mashad 22 Bahaman hospital, at beginning of birth, all neonatal being weight.Target population in our study were neonatal with birth weight, less than 2500 gram.Then neonatal and maternal data and Newballard table completed for them. Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS, Pearson's Chi Square,Fishers Exact and T-test. Findings:Out of 866 newborn, 143 were LBW which prevalence was 16/5 percent. The proportion of preterm neonate to IUGR was 3 times.The study of risk factors indicate, significant difference between premature delivery history (p=0/0449),neonatal congenital malformation (p=0/0389) and APGAR score(p= 0/0041).In other variables of our study such as maternal demographic information, gestation rank prenatal health care, pregnancy weight gaining, chronic diseases and gestational infection and drug consumption, previous low birth weight history and neonatal gender and multiple births, there is no significantly difference. Conclusion:According to results this study suggested that: with controlling of LBW influence factors we can reduce LBW prevalence and morbidity &mortality.Also with execution of heath education program and improve quality of pregnancy care and undertaking of high risk groups. There are good strategy for neonatal health status. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
472 - Role of New Technologies in Medical Continual Training
Mahmoud Pashaee Rahim Modabberi Kalyani Mohsen Sheikh Zadeh Marand -
Open Access Article
473 - Identification of effect of social networks on the behavior of the students (Case Study: Azad University of Kashan
Mohammad Reza Lajevardi Hamideh Balalzade -
Open Access Article
474 - An Analytic Model for Organization Readiness of Engineering Project Management Based on Virtual Teams
Zahra Mirzahashemi Targhi Farid Khoshalhan -
Open Access Article
475 - The impact of social networks on the election behavior of citizens in terms of propaganda in the 13th presidential election (in the constituency of Qasr Shirin, Sar -e Pol Zahab, Gilan Gharb)
Abbas azadi Nusrat Allah Heidary Shahram Fatahi Idris Beheshti Nia Hamid Reza SaeedinejadAbstract:The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of social networks on the electoral behavior of citizens in terms of propaganda in the 13th presidential election, in the Qasr Shirin constituency, Sar -e Pol Zahab and Gilan Gharb in Kermanshah provi MoreAbstract:The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of social networks on the electoral behavior of citizens in terms of propaganda in the 13th presidential election, in the Qasr Shirin constituency, Sar -e Pol Zahab and Gilan Gharb in Kermanshah province. This research was conducted using a researcher -made questionnaire tool. The statistical population of research was citizens over the age of 5 in this constituency who participated in the 13th presidential election. In this study, multi -stage cluster sampling method was used and the sample size was specified using Cochran formula. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The results of the analysis of the route showed that the advertising variable had an impact on citizens' election behavior with 29 %. It is also the rate of determination coefficient, which indicates that the dependent variable changes (electoral behavior) are explained by independent variables (social network and advertising). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
476 - A Pathology of the Government’s Actions and Policies in Managing and Regulating of the Virtual Space
mohammad javad valizadeh Mohammad Ali DolatIn line with regulating the the virtual space with the purpose of taking advantage of its capabilities and preventing its threats and damages, numerous laws and documents have been enacted, various legal structures have been formed, extensive budgets have been allocated MoreIn line with regulating the the virtual space with the purpose of taking advantage of its capabilities and preventing its threats and damages, numerous laws and documents have been enacted, various legal structures have been formed, extensive budgets have been allocated and significant measures have been taken, but overall, the expected goals have not been realized and the desired results and effectiveness have not been observed. Therefore, this article as an analytical-descriptive research, using with the method of library collection, attempts at finding the answer to the question that what are the gaps, problems or shortcomings that cause the relevant laws and measures to be ineffective or even ineffective and the virtual space not to be duly and appropriately regulated and organized and has resulted in continuation of disorder and chaos? The conducting of this research is a step towards the pathological review of the programs, laws, approaches, priorities and costs and will lead to the effective reorganization of capacities. It will also strengthen hope and motivation in the group of responsible and responsible agents, as the lack of such research will open the way for the continuation of wasting financial and human resources and carrying out fruitless actions. The findings of the research show that the challenges of: "not regulating and organizing the national information network", "not using smart filtering", "weakness of the internal media messaging applications", "problems and obstacles to the effectiveness of the Shahkar system", "freedom of circulation of VPNs and lack of effective actions against the with offending blogs and websites", "lack of foresight regarding the problems of virtual numbers", "Lack of control of domestically produced videos", "inconsistency of the bodies in legislation and implementation and lack of a central management headquarters ", and "the predominance of negation approaches over affrimative approaches in the organization of virtual space" have caused the continuation of disorder, the failure to control the social harms and its spread. In this research, the suggested operational and practical solutions for getting out of the current situation have been explained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
477 - A Comprehensive Review on Service Function Chaining in Networking Environments
Pouya KhosraviandehkordiService Function Chaining (SFC) has emerged as a critical technology in networking environments to provide efficient and flexible service delivery. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of research and development in the field of SFC, coverin MoreService Function Chaining (SFC) has emerged as a critical technology in networking environments to provide efficient and flexible service delivery. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of research and development in the field of SFC, covering key concepts, architectures, challenges, and trends. We first introduce the concept of SFC and its importance in modern networking environments. We then discuss different SFC architectures and their advantages and drawbacks. Furthermore, we analyze the challenges and opportunities in the deployment of SFC in real-world scenarios. Finally, we discuss the emerging trends and future directions in the field of SFC. This review aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a deeper understanding of the current landscape of SFC and guide future research efforts in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
478 - The effectiveness of online, semi-online and offline virtual education models against face-to-face education from the perspective of professors and students: a case study
Taghi Javdani GandomaniIntroduction: In recent years, online education has gained significant attention from schools and universities, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although online education has been implemented in various forms, such as online, semi-online, or offline models, it MoreIntroduction: In recent years, online education has gained significant attention from schools and universities, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although online education has been implemented in various forms, such as online, semi-online, or offline models, its effectiveness compared to in-person education remains a key question. Method: The present study aimed to compare the efficiency of three different online education models with the in-person model. The study employed three different online models and compared them with the in-person model in a public university. Results: The results showed that while professors believed that the in-person model was more efficient than the online models, students had different opinions on this issue. The study also revealed that students and professors from different faculties had varying views on the effectiveness of the employed models. Therefore, it is difficult to make a general judgment about the efficiency of educational models. However, in general, the study suggests that the efficiency of online models is lower than that of the in-person model. Discussion: It is important to note that online education offers several benefits, such as flexibility and accessibility. Therefore, it is crucial to continue exploring ways to improve the effectiveness of online education models to ensure that they can provide quality education to students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
479 - Passivity-based design of controller and observer for a class of nonlinear systems with application to Hepatitis B Disease
shaghayegh gorji Ahmad Fakharian Rezvan AbbasiIn this paper, a strictly passive formulation has been developed to design a passive state-observer for both time-invariant and time-varying Lipschitz nonlinear systems. During this formulation, a convergence and strictly passive state-observer is provided to have passi MoreIn this paper, a strictly passive formulation has been developed to design a passive state-observer for both time-invariant and time-varying Lipschitz nonlinear systems. During this formulation, a convergence and strictly passive state-observer is provided to have passive closed-loop system. Some definitions and charts are defined here for time-invariant and time-varying systems in different scenarios. A new interconnection between passivity of subsystems and passivity/stability of the closed-loop system has been introduced from a different point of view. All definitions are organized based on the systematic method called “virtually Euler-Lagrange” form of passivation. Utilizing this form and theses definitions, make the design process simpler and straightforward, while, some conditions of design will be released due to using these definitions. The designed controller/observer has been applied to control the hepatitis B virus infection disease. The reliability of the proposed definitions are examined by using MATLAB/SIMULINK, while, the results demonstrate the ability and power of this novel approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
480 - Identifying and evaluating the factors affecting virtuous leadership (Case study: Islamic Azad University of Tehran)
Jamileh khaton Cheraghi Mehdi Shariatmadari Fatemeh Hamidifar Behzad ShoghiThe present study has identified and evaluated the factors affecting virtuous leadership in the units of Islamic Azad University of Tehran. Research method in terms of purpose, basic-applied in terms of data type, mixed (qualitative-quantitative); According to the resea MoreThe present study has identified and evaluated the factors affecting virtuous leadership in the units of Islamic Azad University of Tehran. Research method in terms of purpose, basic-applied in terms of data type, mixed (qualitative-quantitative); According to the research method, it is a survey. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the study consisted of experts, experts and knowledgeable about the virtuous leadership in Islamic Azad University of Tehran Branches. Purposeful non-random sampling was used to determine the samples of this study and to determine this group of experts. The second group of the study population consisted of 2522 faculty members of all units of Azad University in Tehran province. 350 people were selected according to Krejcie and Morgan table (1970) and initially by stratified sampling. Semi-structured interview tools and a researcher-made questionnaire were used for data collection. validity and reliability of the instruments were measured and verified. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part of theoretical coding was based on the data theoretic method. In the inferential and quantitative part to answer research questions, one-sample t-test and exploratory factor analysis were also used. The results of the present study showed that organizational commitment, organizational climate, and management strategies were identified as influential components of virtuous leadership. The status of the identified components in this study was evaluated favorably. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
481 - Developing a Quality Improvement Strategy Model for Virtual Education in Primary Schools through Research Synthesis
Maryam Ghaedi Bardei Javad KeyhanThe aim of this study was to develop a model of strategies to improve the quality of virtual education in primary schools through synthesis research. The research method is qualitative and is considered a synthetic research, which is done by content analysis with the he MoreThe aim of this study was to develop a model of strategies to improve the quality of virtual education in primary schools through synthesis research. The research method is qualitative and is considered a synthetic research, which is done by content analysis with the help of meta-combination and is practical in terms of purpose. The research environment includes all authoritative articles related to virtual education inside and outside Iran during the last 25 years. The targeted sampling method of the research was done to the point of theoretical saturation of the data so that the study of the articles were pursued until sufficient data was obtained. Finally, 22 articles were selected based on input criteria. The method of the data analysis has been in the form of coding and classification of information from the conducted research that has been the result of inductive and combined content analysis of the categories, the results, and the combinations. The extraction of a conceptual framework in the field of improving the quality of virtual education has been around 3 technical, educational and assessment levels. The results of the study point out to the relationship between independent learning categories, organic learning, instant access to the system, program scheduling, multimedia training, the development of learning toolbox, capacity building, no learning limitations, simplification of learning processes, the revision of learning mechanisms, constructive evaluation, comprehensive evaluation for improving the quality of e-learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
482 - Investigating the Impact of COVID- 19 on Educational Activities in universities: Emphasizing Satisfaction with the Quality of Virtual Education system in Islamic Azad University
marzieh yarizanganehThe aim of this study is to investigate the level of students’ satisfaction with the quality of virtual education in the Islamic Azad University during COVID-19 pandemic. Method of this study is applied type in terms of objectives and descriptive survey through a MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the level of students’ satisfaction with the quality of virtual education in the Islamic Azad University during COVID-19 pandemic. Method of this study is applied type in terms of objectives and descriptive survey through a purposeful online opinion poll from students active in the virtual education classes of the Islamic Azad University of Marvdasht in 2020-2021. Researcher made questionnaire according to virtual education requirements in seven dimensions: course content, curriculum design, technology, course management, learner support, teacher support, course evaluation with 35 Likert-scale questions based on Hao and Barich (2010) design. The required data were collected through 287 questionnaires during three months. Hypotheses were tested by SPSS program, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), and inferential statistics (one-way analysis of variance, Duncan post hoc test and t-test, Pearson correlation). The study of students' satisfaction with the quality of Virtual Education during Corona virus pandemic showed that it does not have the desired level. Satisfaction with the components of education quality varies among different fields of study; as the students of humanities were more satisfied with virtual education than technical engineering and basic science students. Considering the components of quality of education that means curriculum content, curriculum design, technology and learner support at different educational levels proved that post- graduate students were more satisfied. The results show that women are more satisfied with the quality of virtual education than men. The results of this research would present proper guidelines for educational administrators as well as future emergency decision-makers regarding the implementation of e-learning programs in the country's universities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
483 - Paradigm model of educational management of electronic content production for teacher preparation (case study of elementary school teachers in Bushehr province)
Aida Jagerani Faranak Omidian Maria NasiriThe purpose of this research was the paradigm model of electronic content production training to prepare teachers to teach in the virtual space of elementary schools in Bushehr province. The present research method was qualitative and practical in terms of purpose. The MoreThe purpose of this research was the paradigm model of electronic content production training to prepare teachers to teach in the virtual space of elementary schools in Bushehr province. The present research method was qualitative and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population included managers and experts of electronic content production training centers and faculty members of Farhangian universities and professors of the educational management department in Bushehr universities. The sampling method in qualitative approach was non-random (targeted) and in the form of snowball.In order to determine the sample size, considering that the criterion of sample adequacy in qualitative research was theoretical saturation, for this reason interviews were conducted with 15 experts until theoretical saturation. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. For data analysis, the method of foundational data theory, coding and analysis was used.The findings showed that the central category of the quality of education is the production of electronic content to prepare teachers to teach in the virtual space, a function of causal conditions (1-learning environment, 2-content editing, 3-planning, 4-implementation and support), background conditions (1-infrastructures technical 2-teachers' basic knowledge and skills) and intervening conditions (1-evaluation 2-educational strategies of the organization).These factors create the conditions for the implementation of actions and interactions (1-determining the topics of content production in educational books of educators 2-creating motivation in teachers 3-holding consecutive courses while serving 4-improving technical infrastructures 5-using educated and experienced teachers 6-training in time and suitable place) provides the consequences (1-1-increasing academic performance 2-creating educational justice 3-increasing the quality of education 4-increasing teacher productivity). And finally, the findings of the confirmatory factor analysis of the quantitative part showed that the presented model has a suitable scientific validity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
484 - Structural Analysis of the Impact of Organizational Virtualism on Job Independence and Citizenship Behavior of Tehran Payam Noor University Staff
sepideh fathi Saeid Moradi firozeh kiumarziimpact of organizational virtue on job independence and citizenship behavior of staff of Payame Noor University of Tehran. The research method was applied, descriptive and survey. The statistical population of the study consisted of 392 employees of Payam-e-Noor Univers Moreimpact of organizational virtue on job independence and citizenship behavior of staff of Payame Noor University of Tehran. The research method was applied, descriptive and survey. The statistical population of the study consisted of 392 employees of Payam-e-Noor University of Tehran who were selected by stratified random sampling method with 172 people using Cochran formula. The data gathering tool has been three dimensions of organizational virtue of Carmon et al. (2004); Podsakoff's organizational citizenship behavior (2000) and David's (2014) job independence that have been validated by face, content, and construct validity methods. Spss version 20 software and partial least squares structural equation modeling with Smart Pls version 2 were used to test the hypotheses. The findings support the validity of all twelve research hypotheses. The effect of organizational virtuosity on citizenship behavior was 0.508 and on job independence was 0.284. The effect of the five dimensions of organizational virtue on individual citizenship behavior and employees' job independence has also been confirmed. The highest impact was related to the effect of forgiveness on job independence (0.825), and the least impact was on the effect of cohesion on job independence (0.192). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
485 - The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Hakim Sabzevari University Faculty Members
Hassan Nodehi Zohre Sadat Sadr -
Open Access Article
486 - The Relationship between Needed Skills for Evaluation and the Academic Achievement of Virtual Students Based on Constructivist Approach: Toward a Suitable Model for Virtual Universities in Iran
Farhad Shafiepour Motlagh Abstract The main purpose of this research wasto investigate the relationship between needed skills for evaluation and academic achievement of virtual students based on constructivist approach. The methodology of research was correlational. The instrument was a More Abstract The main purpose of this research wasto investigate the relationship between needed skills for evaluation and academic achievement of virtual students based on constructivist approach. The methodology of research was correlational. The instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire about needed skills for evaluation (α=0.92) and f academic achievement test for two ago semester. The population consisted of all virtual universities’ students (2009-2010) in Iran. The sample group was selected randomly based on Krejcie-Morgan's sample size table (363 students).Pearson Correlation and structural equation model was used for data analysis. Findings indicate that virtual students’ academic achievement influenced by the principles of writing, participating in the process of teaching –learning in the network, electronic portfolio, and time management. The direct effect of synchronous interaction with classmate (0.473), priority of important and emergency affairs (0.395), process portfolio (0.290), principles of scientific writing (0.29), process-producer portfolio (0.250), technical principles (0.25). Based on structural equation test, Chi-Square=117.682, GFI= 0.951, AGFI=0.921, P-Value= 0.000, RMSEA=0.055. Thus, the tested model was acceptable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
487 - A Survey on the Level of Social Capital among Young Users of Virtual Social Networks Students from west Tehran unit
Maryam Gholamreza borogerdi Soroush FathiConsidering the remarkable technological progress and the transformation of the form of the private sphere of interaction and interaction of human beings with one another, there are other forms in which the physical presence of individuals has been eliminated and turned MoreConsidering the remarkable technological progress and the transformation of the form of the private sphere of interaction and interaction of human beings with one another, there are other forms in which the physical presence of individuals has been eliminated and turned into virtual presence. Due to the interactive actions in response to human needs and the impossibility of eliminating it, it has shaped another form of social life, in the sense that human activities migrated from the real space to the virtual space. In addition, the concepts of social sciences are also load Semantically their form in another way, with the passage of time, so that the concept of social capital with the dimensions of participation, trust, and solidarity between members of a group or several groups that are exchanging information in another space form a structured and purposeful system So that they can lead to the achievement of a valuable social life goal Target Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
488 - Investigating the use of virtual social networks and couples' commitment and intimacy
Nazanin Malekiyan Maryam BahadoriThe main objective of this study was Investigating the use of virtual social networks and couples' commitment and intimacy. In this study, theoretical framework is based on the theories of Bauman and Giddens.This study is kind of causual explanation and survey method. T MoreThe main objective of this study was Investigating the use of virtual social networks and couples' commitment and intimacy. In this study, theoretical framework is based on the theories of Bauman and Giddens.This study is kind of causual explanation and survey method. The population of all married men and women living in the 8th Tehran that with District random (potential) cluster sampling method and according to Cochran formula is selected 300 spouses. The questionnaire commitment is intimacy Brooke and Bertman (1995). In this study, data analysis was performed by Pearson correlation coefficient and Regression. Research results show that 96% of couples use virtual social networks. The results indicate that there is not a meaningful relationship between the using virtual social networks and couples' commitment. While there is a negative and significant relationship between the using virtual social networks and couples' intimacy. Also the results show that there is a negative and significant relationship between the using virtual social networks and adherence to the commitments, love and affection of couples. While, there is not significant relationship between the using virtual social networks and Couple agreement and couples honesty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
489 - Models and skills-based strategies of the virtual education system in the comprehensive scientific-applied university
مریم ابراهیمیThe rise of the information society has posed fundamental questions for the higher education system. The World Wide Web and the Internet have created innovative and revolutionary methods of education. New information and communication technologies have changed the way w MoreThe rise of the information society has posed fundamental questions for the higher education system. The World Wide Web and the Internet have created innovative and revolutionary methods of education. New information and communication technologies have changed the way we learn and, in general, how to live, and have introduced new ways of exchanging knowledge and information. These technologies can be used to strengthen or replace existing higher education systems. Accordingly, information and communication technology plays a key role in improving the quality of higher education and is the basis of sustainable competitive advantage for higher education institutions in general and the University of Applied Sciences in particular. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
490 - The consideration of validity and reliability of computer literacy and its comparison among virtual and non-virtual students.
leila leila bagher por khadijeh abolmaali ali akbar seyfThe main purpose of this study was to investigate validity and reliability of Son, Robb, Charismiadji's computer literacyquestionnaire among virtual and non-virtual students inScience and Technology University of Tehran in 2013. A random-stratified method was applied to MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate validity and reliability of Son, Robb, Charismiadji's computer literacyquestionnaire among virtual and non-virtual students inScience and Technology University of Tehran in 2013. A random-stratified method was applied to select the sample (n=250). Participants completed two questionn- aires: Sonand et al.'s Computer Literacy Scale (2011) and Herczeg and Kindsmüller'scomputer literacy test. Based on The results of exploratory factor analysis with principal axis factoringmethod and Varimax rotation was identified two integrative and significant factors. The first and second factors were named application and ability, respectively. These two factors were explained 46.279% of total variance of this test. The correlation of this test with Herczeg and Kinds- müller's computer literacy test was significant and positive (.791) and also its internal consistency (α= 0.869) and test -retest reliability (r=0.958) were satisfactory. The results of multivariate analysis of variance indicated that virtual students had better function in terms of computer literacy in comparison with the non-virtual students (p<.01) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
491 - Investigating the role of "virtual organizations" in effective human communication with an interpretive approach to behavioral behavior of users of cafes in Damavand
ranginnegar karamzadeh sina tofangchiThe virtual age is the ultimate development of information technology in a three-dimensional space in a knowledge-based environment, and the enormous impact of virtual configurations on the speed and frequency of human communication is a topic that can not be ignored. I MoreThe virtual age is the ultimate development of information technology in a three-dimensional space in a knowledge-based environment, and the enormous impact of virtual configurations on the speed and frequency of human communication is a topic that can not be ignored. In this regard, the present study aims to survey the viewpoints and the role of "virtual organizations" in effective human communication with an interpretive approach to the behavioral behavior of male and female cyber-girls in a municipality on a sample of cluster random stratified random sampling of 345 communities. The statistical population of all young people between 17 and 36 years of age in Damavand who have visited the databases and computer centers of Damavand in April and May of 1394 and conducted a survey. To measure the variables, a researcher-made questionnaire of 32 questions with a Likert scale and a credit of 90182 in girls was used and 0/7116 in boys. After completing, the data were analyzed by SPSS software at descriptive and inferential levels it placed. Findings of the research indicate that: 1) There is not a significant relationship between male and female youth exploitation of virtual organizations and their effective human communication in women. However, there is a significant relationship between men and women. 2) There is a significant relationship between the level of girls 'and boys' youth acquaintance with e-government and their views on the impact of e-government on cultural-economic and social development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
492 - Investigating the status of factors and components affecting the empowerment of virtual education of elementary teachers in Sabzevar city
mehran mazaheri nasab fariba hanifi Mahbubeh AbdollahiPurpose: This article was carried out with the purpose of investigating the status of factors affecting the empowerment of virtual education of primary school teachers in Sabzevar city. Research method: The research method is based on the objective, developmental and ap MorePurpose: This article was carried out with the purpose of investigating the status of factors affecting the empowerment of virtual education of primary school teachers in Sabzevar city. Research method: The research method is based on the objective, developmental and applied, and based on the type of data and their collection, it is a mixed research type. The statistical population of the qualitative part was the experts in virtual education, and 15 of them were selected by theoretical saturation with the snowball method. who were working in this city and according to the table of Morgan and Karjesi, 245 people were selected by stratified sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose face validity, content and structure were confirmed and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. 0.85 was calculated and confirmed. Findings: The results showed that 10 factors and 22 components have an effect on the empowerment of teachers' virtual training, which are the components of structural requirements, structural factors, provision of individual needs, organizational process, comprehensive management, mental dimension, skill dimension, macro-medium level problems. Intelligence, upstream factors, monopoly factors, test implementation and strategic changes had less impact on the empowerment of teachers' virtual education. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, education specialists and planners can take effective steps to improve the components of empowering teachers'virtual education, especially in the components that are not in a favorable condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
493 - Presentation an E-Learning assessment Model - Islamic Azad Univesity E-Campus
Salar Ghanbri Hadi Rezghishirsavar Mohamad sadegh Ziyaeei Maryam MoslehThe main purpose of the study is "providing an e-learning assessment model". The research method is descriptive survey. The statistical population of the study includes all students of the electronic unit of Islamic Azad University. The sample size of the Morgan table c MoreThe main purpose of the study is "providing an e-learning assessment model". The research method is descriptive survey. The statistical population of the study includes all students of the electronic unit of Islamic Azad University. The sample size of the Morgan table consisted of 413 individuals who were selected through simple random sampling. The research tool is a 30-item researcher-made questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to be 0.896. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the most important components of e-learning assessment include: system quality, information and content quality, facilitation factors, teacher quality, interaction between the teacher and the student, user's desire and the success of virtual education.The results showed the implementation of the structural test and the final model of e-learning assessment indicate that the highest path coefficient is related to the facilitator's component and in the second place the interaction between the teacher and the student. And in the third place is the user's desire. The results showed that the highest level of correlation between facilitator components and the quality of the teacher with a correlation coefficient of 0.79 was in the second place among the facilitators and the success of virtual education with a correlation coefficient of 0.78 and in the third place between the components of the system quality and The success of virtual education with a correlation coefficient of 0.76 and the fourth place was the quality of information and content and the success of virtual education Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
494 - Identifying the constituent factors of virtuous leadership in Bank Melli Iran in order to present a model
Fereydoun Rashidi Torag Mogibi Majid Jahangirfard Ali Mahdizadeh AshrafiThe aim of this study was to identify the components of virtuous leadership in the Bank Melli Iran. The research was fundamental in terms of purpose and also qualitative in terms of data type. The statistical population of the study included academic experts and experts MoreThe aim of this study was to identify the components of virtuous leadership in the Bank Melli Iran. The research was fundamental in terms of purpose and also qualitative in terms of data type. The statistical population of the study included academic experts and experts of the Bank Melli of the Islamic Republic of Iran and 21 people were selected based on purposive sampling. Interviews were used to collect data. To ensure the validity of the instrument in the qualitative part of the research, the opinions of professors familiar with this field and academic experts were used. The reliability of the retest and the intra-subject agreement method were used to calculate the reliability of the interviews, which were all confirmed. The method of data analysis in the present study was theoretical coding derived from the method of data theory of the foundation. The results showed that the components of virtuous leadership in the Bank Melli Iran included individual, managerial and communication components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
495 - Factors Affecting Organizational Virtue Based on Iranian and Islamic Teachings with Dimtel Approach and Theme Analysis
ehsan hossein pour hamidreza motamed pari mashayekhThe main purpose of this article is to identify the factors affecting organizational virtue based on Iranian and Islamic teachings. The research method is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). In order to conduct this research, in addition to the documentary study, the cont MoreThe main purpose of this article is to identify the factors affecting organizational virtue based on Iranian and Islamic teachings. The research method is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). In order to conduct this research, in addition to the documentary study, the content analysis technique with MAXQDA12 software was used to identify the factors and components. The statistical population in this study was all experts in the field of education. After the interview, 30 theoretical saturations were performed and all interviews lasted between 60 and 85 minutes. In addition, semi-structured interviews with university experts in 1399 were conducted in the form of open, pivotal and selective codes, and the Dimtel technique was used to determine the effectiveness and effectiveness of the components. According to the semi-structured interviews, 1659 open codes and 14 central codes for organizational virtue were extracted based on Iranian and Islamic teachings, which finally included 4 dimensions (interpersonal relationships, management and leadership, organizational culture and personality traits) and 14 Components (pivotal code) and 64 indicators (open source) for organizational virtue were extracted based on Iranian and Islamic teachings. Then, according to the pairwise comparison questionnaire to identify the effective and influential components, it was determined that the components of training time, social, cultural and artistic services, economic services, sports services, educational space, international education services and educational staff are effective and the component Teachers' opinions, evaluation methods, educational content, teaching methods and welfare facilities are affected Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
496 - The relationship between job burnout and virtual education among faculty members of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Mahdie ShojaeiBaghini Mahmoud Kondori Mohammadjavad TakbiriDue to intense pressures, burnout is common among faculty members. This study examines the relationship between job burnout and virtual education among faculty members of Kerman University of Medical Sciences.The current research is of cross-sectional applied type and w MoreDue to intense pressures, burnout is common among faculty members. This study examines the relationship between job burnout and virtual education among faculty members of Kerman University of Medical Sciences.The current research is of cross-sectional applied type and was carried out in 1400. Its statistical population consisted of all faculty members of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. The sample size was 134 people. Sampling was done by simple random method. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire and the data was collected by face-to-face and electronic reference. Then using SPSS 26.0 software. and statistical tests were analysed.According to the findings, most people had moderate job burnout. Marital status, living with family and experience of virtual teaching are related to burnout. Virtual education has an impact on two dimensions of lack of personal success and emotional exhaustion from the set of job burnout dimensions.Job burnout has a negative effect on the quality of life of faculty members regardless of their field of knowledge. Burnout may cause serious damage to universities, as it directly affects the productivity and quality of education due to absenteeism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
497 - The effect between virtual and face-to-face education on learning efficiency among students of Kish Applied Science Center
mojtaba moazzami Gholam Reza HekmatiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect between virtual and face-to-face education on learning efficiency among students of Kish Applied Science Center. The research method was descriptive-correlation.The statistical population of all students of Kish Univer MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect between virtual and face-to-face education on learning efficiency among students of Kish Applied Science Center. The research method was descriptive-correlation.The statistical population of all students of Kish University of Applied Sciences was 827, which according to Morgan's formula, 262 people were selected as a simple random sample. Data analysis was performed using regression test and SPSS-18 software.Significance level of comparison of learning efficiency among face-to-face and virtual education students which is equal to 0.036 and is less than 0.05, so there is a significant difference between learning efficiency between face-to-face and virtual education students because the rate of learning efficiency in face-to-face students is equal. 1/4 which is more than virtual students. This shows that face-to-face education has more effect on students' learning in different dimensions of content, resources and educational materials, information technology and smart tools and teaching strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
498 - Presenting a model for improving the responsibility of elementary school students based on the pathology of the existing situation
Gholamreza Raeisi Kheyrabadi Fariba Karimi Narges saeidian khorasganiThe aim of the current research was to provide a model for improving the responsibility of elementary school students based on the pathology of the existing situation. This research is practical in terms of purpose and has been done in two parts, qualitative and quantit MoreThe aim of the current research was to provide a model for improving the responsibility of elementary school students based on the pathology of the existing situation. This research is practical in terms of purpose and has been done in two parts, qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative part, the qualitative content analysis method was used, and in the quantitative part, the survey method was used. The participants of the qualitative part were primary education specialists and educational psychologists who were selected through purposive sampling. Interviews with the participants were conducted using a semi-structured interview method and continued until data saturation was reached with the number of 15 people. The statistical population in the quantitative section was all managers, teachers and experts of the elementary school in the country, from which 480 people were randomly selected in a multi-stage manner. First, by using semi-structured interview and qualitative content analysis method, the damage in the field of responsibility of primary school students was identified, and after confirming the content validity of Lavosheh a 77-item questionnaire was designed based on it and using survey method and factor analysis. According to the coding of the findings obtained from the interviews with professors and experts, the responsibility of elementary school students was identified in six dimensions. The model indices had a good fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
499 - Archetypal analysis of the character of Kush, the tusked from the perspective of “wise mentor” and “rebirth” archetypes
mahdokht shahbadizadeh rezaa ashrafzadehArchetypes have roots in the first experiences of man and for this reason are placed in man’s individual and collected unconscious. Whether overtly or covertly in all aspects of man’s life especially in epic literature where it reflects the unconscious MoreArchetypes have roots in the first experiences of man and for this reason are placed in man’s individual and collected unconscious. Whether overtly or covertly in all aspects of man’s life especially in epic literature where it reflects the unconscious, archetypes manifest themselves. Based on this fact, the subject of this research is to cast a glance at the character of Kush, the tusked emphasizing the Jungian archetypes of wise old man and rebirth. Jung had regarded certain features for these two archetypes which one finds their reflection in Kush’s life. The most important outcomes of this present research made by descriptive analytic method, show that in accordance with Jung’s ideas with the appearance of wise old man, the main character of the story that is Kush, the tusked undergoes wide spiritual transformation and under the influence of his guidelines and his illuminations Kush turns into an ethical person devoted to spiritual affairs as if reborn to experience a totally new life. Although he had an anti- hero character at first, however under the influence of a wise mentor’s guidance he had overcome his internal darkness and had turned into a king and a popular hero. According to the features mentioned for the two archetypes in the story, the stages of Kush’s life falls into three parts: before transformation, in preparation for the transformation, and rebirth of a new character. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
500 - Love rode in on two steeds
Hassan AnvariThis article provides a brief introduction to the story of creation of man. God commands the angels to bring some dust from the earth and that among them only the angle of death succeeds to grant God’s command by deceiving the earth. This story i MoreThis article provides a brief introduction to the story of creation of man. God commands the angels to bring some dust from the earth and that among them only the angle of death succeeds to grant God’s command by deceiving the earth. This story is included in the fifth book of Masnavi and Najm Razi’s Mersad-al-ebad for two entirely different purposes. Mowlana first speaks of the issue of good and evil and concludes that the earth’s refusal of the God’s command was for the reason not to be involved with the issue of good and evil whereas Najm Razi believes the reason to be the fear of close proximity to God stating that I have chosen the ultimate distance in order to be safe from the fear of closeness. In this narrative, interesting subtle points from both Mowlana and Najm Razi on subjects such as virtues of heart and soul, and characteristic features of angles are presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
501 - The date of birth of Mawlana
Mehdi NourianAccording to Faridun b. Ahmad Sepahsalar’s treatise, which provides us with the oldest and most reliable biographical source that we possess of Mawlana, he was born in (A. H. 604). The late Abdulbaki Golpinarli, the outstanding lecturer at the un MoreAccording to Faridun b. Ahmad Sepahsalar’s treatise, which provides us with the oldest and most reliable biographical source that we possess of Mawlana, he was born in (A. H. 604). The late Abdulbaki Golpinarli, the outstanding lecturer at the university of Istanbul and a great authority on Mawlana, relying on evidence in Fihe-ma-fih and a verse from Divan-e Shams cast doubt on the authenticity of that date and places the date of birth 24 years prior to his date of death. Some scholars also confirmed his view, however on the basis of evidences and discussions presented in this article this view is unacceptable therefore, the foremost authority in this regard is Sepahsalar’s account, believed by the majority since antiquity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
502 - On Recitation of Moulana Jalal al-Din Mohammad Balkhi’s works in the West
Mohammad Jafar MahallatiThis article is an attempt to present a brief report regarding new poetry recitation of Moulana’s works in the west. These recitations which are on the increase both quantitatively and qualitatively often lead to insights and visions which are quite new to e MoreThis article is an attempt to present a brief report regarding new poetry recitation of Moulana’s works in the west. These recitations which are on the increase both quantitatively and qualitatively often lead to insights and visions which are quite new to eastern readers and Farsi speakers. In Parts, this article is devoted to the manner in which the popularity of the name Rumi in modern life of the western world was gained andhow fast Moulana has reachedsuch new heights of popularity is further revealed to the reader along with providing references. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
503 - The elements of the story of virtuous woman in Attar’s Elahi Nameh
Fatemeh EmamiVirtuous woman is the title of the first story from the first article taken from the first Attar’s Masnavi, Elahi Nameh. It is a story with 309 couplets and is considered the third longest after the story of “Sheikh Sanaan”, and “Rabee&rdqu MoreVirtuous woman is the title of the first story from the first article taken from the first Attar’s Masnavi, Elahi Nameh. It is a story with 309 couplets and is considered the third longest after the story of “Sheikh Sanaan”, and “Rabee” in Attar’s Masnavis. The criticism and investigation of this story could penetrate into obscure corners of Attar’s art of storytelling. The purpose of this article is to analyze the different elements of the story of the virtuous woman and investigate the technique of defamiliarization in order to throw some light on the structure of storytelling used by Attar. The most significant analytical points, expressing the genealogy of the story, studying different elements of the story such as, point of view, character and characterization, plot, language, tone, and theme made possible the outcome of this research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
504 - Prediction of postnatal depression based on maternal-infant attachment, attachment styles and marital satisfaction in mothers of premature infants and normal infants
Parisa Peyvandi Hasan Ahadi Mohammad Ali Mazaheri Farhad JomehriMotherhood process can be accompanied by tensions and worries due to physical and mental changes. One of these changes is the incidence of postnatal depression in mothers. Premature birth (Babies born before 37 weeks of pregnancy) can also increase the risk of postnatal MoreMotherhood process can be accompanied by tensions and worries due to physical and mental changes. One of these changes is the incidence of postnatal depression in mothers. Premature birth (Babies born before 37 weeks of pregnancy) can also increase the risk of postnatal depression. The aim of the current study was the Prediction of postnatal depression based on mother to infant attachment, maternal attachment styles and marital satisfaction in mothers of premature infants and normal infants. For this purpose, 100 mothers of premature infants and 100 mothers of normal infants who referred to the gynecology ward or infant intensive care hospital in Tehran's Milad & Shahid Akbar Abady hospital were selected from available samples and were tested regarding postnatal depression, attachment and marital satisfaction. The multiple regression analysis of the data indicates that both groups of marital satisfaction and anxious ambivalent attachment style can predict the postnatal depression. Results indicated that the slope of the regression line in both groups had significant difference with each other, in terms of marital satisfaction variable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
505 - Examining jurisprudential opinions on the criminal responsibility of individuals in cyberspace
seyyed aliakbar bozorgnia Ali Faqihi Akbar FallahJurisprudence is one of the most extensive Islamic sciences and knowledge that have a constructive role in the lives of Muslims. In religious traditions, it is emphasized on "jurisprudence" and the learning of halal and haram issues and its significant role in human lif MoreJurisprudence is one of the most extensive Islamic sciences and knowledge that have a constructive role in the lives of Muslims. In religious traditions, it is emphasized on "jurisprudence" and the learning of halal and haram issues and its significant role in human life, so that prosperity and evolution Humanity depends on it. Among other things, in some narrations, learning the "laws of halal and haram" is mentioned as a duty of every Muslim, which should be learned from his family. It has provided advanced technologies, but at the same time, it has also created favorable conditions for the emergence of cybercrimes, which are committed by both natural and legal persons. The method of this article is analytical-descriptive, and the author in this article is looking for the question that Islamic jurists based on fourth evidences, what are their views on cyber issues centered on legal entities? Is it possible to point out some examples of legal entity issues related to cyber space in jurisprudence or not? It seems that considering the existence of legal entities and criminal liability in cyber space, although these issues are not directly discussed in jurisprudential sources, it is possible to justify the legality of criminal liability of legal entities in cyberspace with jurisprudential evidence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
506 - Examining the Role of Forensic Nurses in Cybersecurity and Preventing Crimes in Cyberspace
امیررضا محمودی mitra Sedghi Sabet atefeh lorkojori شادی دهقان زادهNowadays, virtual space has become an inseparable part of people's lives, and with a rapid speed, it has affected all aspects of life. Technological revolution, influenced the freedom of expression in such a modern way that the development of radio and television had ne MoreNowadays, virtual space has become an inseparable part of people's lives, and with a rapid speed, it has affected all aspects of life. Technological revolution, influenced the freedom of expression in such a modern way that the development of radio and television had never done. This revolution revealed new manifestations of freedom of expression. With new developments in this field, gradually, cultural participation in various fields of the society became more prominent and the relations that were done in limited formats became bolder and more noticeable. However, the possibility to control and make restrictions in different types of communication also became more evident. Such Control that is done mainly through governmental mechanisms and opposition to the free exchange of information has entered a new stage with emergence of the social networks. Censorship, filtering and monitoring of the data and content, and progress in interception methods of correspondence and conversations in such networks have increased in line with the epidemic of these networks. In the present research, while attempting at referring to the freedom of information circulation in the virtual space, the role of the Supreme Council of Cyber Space in explicitation of the laws governing the cyberspace has been examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
507 - Jurisprudential Feasibility Of The Right To Anonymity In Cyberspace
fatemeh fallh tafti Samaneh BabaiFollowing the ever-increasing expansion of virtual space in human life, appropriate rights are created with it, one of which is the right of anonymity in this space, which is based on the principles of human freedom and privacy. But Muslim societies, especially our Isla MoreFollowing the ever-increasing expansion of virtual space in human life, appropriate rights are created with it, one of which is the right of anonymity in this space, which is based on the principles of human freedom and privacy. But Muslim societies, especially our Islamic country Iran, need to analyze it from the perspective of Imamiyyah jurisprudence and its laws, in order to gain knowledge about this emerging issue and its limits. This research, which was compiled using a descriptive analytical method, wants to solve the urgent need for research on this issue in this article and lay the groundwork for future research. The result of the present research is that Imami jurisprudence and Iranian law considers the right of anonymity as legitimate and acceptable for the user of virtual space according to the existing jurisprudential-legal evidence and considers it conditional on the three principles of "non-abuse", "legality" and "necessity". . In such a way that the owner of this right is not allowed to abuse it in terms of moral, economic and security. Also, the law can narrow this right and not allow or limit its use. "Necessity" is also considered as one of the limitations of this right that a person should use this right wherever "necessity" requires. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
508 - Presentation of the application model of new technologies in the fourth generation university
esmat seyfi Amina Ahmadi مجتبی معظمیAbstract The aim of the current research was to present a model of the use of new technologies in the fourth generation university. The research was applied in terms of purpose, and the mixed method was exploratory (qualitative-quantitative). The participants of the MoreAbstract The aim of the current research was to present a model of the use of new technologies in the fourth generation university. The research was applied in terms of purpose, and the mixed method was exploratory (qualitative-quantitative). The participants of the qualitative section of experts and specialists of higher education, prominent professors and technology experts who had doctoral degrees in higher education and technology, who were determined based on the rule of "theoretical saturation" and non-randomly, were determined in a targeted number of 10 people. And in the quantitative part of the statistical community including professors of nationwide universities, which were approximately 20,000 thousand, it was considered. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula and one-stage cluster sampling method of 376 people. The method of data collection was library method, and the measurement tool was semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. Determining the validity of the present research questionnaire in two ways: 1. Formal and 2. content was done, the reliability coefficient was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test. Data analysis was used in the qualitative part of the theme analysis approach and in the quantitative part of the structural equation modeling method using SPSS and PLS software. The results showed that the resulting model includes 5 dimensions, 13 components and 47 indicators. The dimensions of new technology include educational, aesthetic, content, extra-organizational participation, and process. According to the output of the analysis of the average values of shared values and the average values of R Squares, it shows that the value of GOF is equal to 0.37; which shows the strong fit of the model. The suitability of the proposed model for the application of new technologies in the fourth generation university is strong. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
509 - Pathology of Whistleblowing Phenomenon in Virtual Social Networks
reza ghaderi جمال بیگی فاطمه احدیThe increase in crimes and corruption in organizations has become one of the global concerns due to the alarming consequences. Using public capacity and public reporting to discover, identify and deal with crimes and corruption in the form of disclosure is one of the ef MoreThe increase in crimes and corruption in organizations has become one of the global concerns due to the alarming consequences. Using public capacity and public reporting to discover, identify and deal with crimes and corruption in the form of disclosure is one of the effective solutions. The purpose of this research is the pathology of disclosure in virtual social networks. The present research was carried out with a descriptive-analytical method and the use of library resources by studying the research done in this field. The findings of the research show that the disclosure that used to be done systematically and by the whistleblower guild with the emergence of social networks due to features such as ease of access, large number of audiences, anonymity of users, lack of media literacy of users and lack of validation. Data from users has given rise to second-generation disclosures. The results of the research show that the damages of the disclosure phenomenon are divided into the layers of the whistleblower, users, and the platform of social networks. Users' lack of ability to manage data, lack of understanding of the realm of privacy in social networks, republishing fake news and affecting security are some of these damages. Therefore, the new systematization of the phenomenon of disclosure in social networks can be achieved by considering the improvement of the transparency principle, strengthening the free flow of information and expanding the culture of disclosure Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
510 - Organizational virtue modeling with the Mic Mak method and the structural equation approach in the Ministry of Keshavarzi Jahad
ali mehdizadeh ashrafi mohammadbagher moradi amir gholam abri majid jahangirfardThe subject of this research is the modeling of organizational virtue with the Mic Mak method and the structural equation approach in the Ministry of Keshavarzi Jahad, with the aim of validating the proposed research model. The method of conducting the current research MoreThe subject of this research is the modeling of organizational virtue with the Mic Mak method and the structural equation approach in the Ministry of Keshavarzi Jahad, with the aim of validating the proposed research model. The method of conducting the current research is fundamental and exploratory, and the statistical population of the research in the qualitative phase is 12 experts and in the quantitative phase, the experts of the Ministry of Jihad of Agriculture with a sample of 382 people, which was created by the researcher using a 93-item questionnaire. has been answered and the validity and reliability of the tool has also been measured and confirmed. In this research, the fuzzy Delphi technique and interpretive structural modeling and path analysis methods were used in Micmac, SPSS and SmartPLS software to test the research hypotheses. Based on the results in the qualitative section, the research pattern according to the output of the Atlas T software, includes 1 comprehensive theme, 7 organizing themes and 24 basic themes. Based on the results of the power of influence and degree of dependence (Mik-Mak output), the variable of responsibility was recognized as the most influential (high influence and independent) variable, and horizon opening as the most influential variable (low influence and dependence). Also, the results of structural equation modeling and partial least squares technique showed that all factor loadings were higher than 0.3 and the model was confirmed with 95% confidence. Manuscript profile
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