Investigation of socioeconomic and Environmental Factors Affecting Virtual Water Trade in wheat production in Iran

ali alisoofi ¹ ( phd. Student Of Agricultural Economic, University of Sistan and Baluchestan,Zahedan )
mohsen alipour ² ( phd. Student Of Agricultural Economic, University of Sistan and Baluchestan,Zahedan )

Submited date : 2024-04-28 Accepted date : 2024-08-21

Keywords: Virtual water, wheat, Gravity Model, Import, Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood,

Abstract :

Wheat is considered to be a strategic product on which the food security of countries depends, and due to the high water consumption of this product and the critical state of the country's water resources, the import of wheat virtual water can be a suitable solution to solve this problem. In this research, the effect of each economic-social and environmental factor on the virtual water import of wheat in the country has been investigated using the Poisson maximum likelihood method (PPML) in the period from 2008 to 2019. The results show that the GDP per capita of Iran had a positive and significant effect on the import of virtual wheat water and also the increase in the population of the selected countries (Germany, Kazakhstan, Russia, UAE and Australia) and Iran had a negative effect on the import of virtual wheat water. has been significant. According to the gravity model, geographical distance had a negative and significant effect on the import of virtual wheat water, and finally,