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Open Access Article
1 - Analysis of rural women's access to health care services in Razavi Khorasan Province
مریم قاسمی fahimeh jafarioptimal access to services and medical facilities and human health is one of the important indicators of rural development and one of the basic prerequisites for the realization of sustainable human development and the background for creating justice in society. The mai Moreoptimal access to services and medical facilities and human health is one of the important indicators of rural development and one of the basic prerequisites for the realization of sustainable human development and the background for creating justice in society. The main objective of the research is to investigate and analyze the status of women's access to health care services in 2015 and 2016 and whether women's access to health care services has improved in this period. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the data of Iran Statistics Center was used in 2015 and 2016. The unit of analysis was Dehistan and the data analysis was done with the help of PSI preference index model and hierarchical cluster analysis and coefficient of variation. According to the results of 154 rural women's access to health care services in 2006, %15 of rural villages in the province were at a favorable level, 35% at an average level, and %50 at a poor level. Also, among the 164 villages in 2013, women's access to health indicators was at the optimal level in %7 of the villages in the province, %28 at the average level and 68% of the villages at the poor level. Conclusion: The results of the research show that a kind of general deprivation in the field of enjoying health and health indicators prevails in the rural areas of the province, and the indicators of women's specific health care services are not evenly distributed among the geographical areas of Razavi Khorasan province. Access to healthcare facilities is essential especially for rural women, even in the most remote and deprived areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Comparing Administrative characteristics of male and female Librarians in Tehran's Universities
Maryam Emami Nosrat RiahiPurpose: The main purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of male and femalelibrarians in the public universities located in Tehran.Method: A descriptive survey method was used for this study. Sample population for thestudy was 56 managers and 104 staff MorePurpose: The main purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of male and femalelibrarians in the public universities located in Tehran.Method: A descriptive survey method was used for this study. Sample population for thestudy was 56 managers and 104 staff in the libraries Kharazmi University, Science andTechnology University, Amir Kabir University and Tehran University.Results: In the performance of the managers, only control and evaluation as components ofmanagement were different among males and females. Other components were found to have nomeaningful difference. In performance. Also, motivation and management styles were differentamong the male and female staffs. Job satisfaction showed to be higher among male managers.Library managers on the whole believe that they are performing their tasks in a good level, butthe staffs believe they are performing in a medium level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Comparing Administrative characteristics of male and female Librarians in Tehran's Universities
Maryam Emami Nosrat RiahiPurpose: The main purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of male and femalelibrarians in the public universities located in Tehran.Method: A descriptive survey method was used for this study. Sample population for thestudy was 56 managers and 104 staff MorePurpose: The main purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of male and femalelibrarians in the public universities located in Tehran.Method: A descriptive survey method was used for this study. Sample population for thestudy was 56 managers and 104 staff in the libraries Kharazmi University, Science andTechnology University, Amir Kabir University and Tehran University.Results: In the performance of the managers, only control and evaluation as components ofmanagement were different among males and females. Other components were found to have nomeaningful difference. In performance. Also, motivation and management styles were differentamong the male and female staffs. Job satisfaction showed to be higher among male managers.Library managers on the whole believe that they are performing their tasks in a good level, butthe staffs believe they are performing in a medium level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Relationship Between Religion and Civilization Malek Binnabi's Thought
محسن الویری سیدرضا مهدی نژادThe relationship between religion and civilization and the role of religion in the creation or development of civilizations have been echoed among many civilization historians and theorists. and even some of religiousscholars, produced a diverse range of pro- and counte MoreThe relationship between religion and civilization and the role of religion in the creation or development of civilizations have been echoed among many civilization historians and theorists. and even some of religiousscholars, produced a diverse range of pro- and counter-views. This article attempts to analyses the ideas of Malek Ben Nabi, an Algerian prominent thinker, about the relationship between religion and civilization. He is one the few Muslim thinkers whose studies and works focus on civilization, the role of religion in civilization and the relationship between them. In his perspective, the constituent elements of a civilization are: man, soil and time. But what is important as an underlying point is that existence of these elements solely will not create a civilisation.It needs to a synthesizer, which influenced the combination of those three elements. Historical analysis shows that the only thing which always has been followed by constructing a civilization is “religious thought”. Religious thought stimulates spirit of these elements and by combining them together, extract a production called civilization. Although creation of a civilization is subject to human civilizational zation will, this doesn’t happened but by human’s faith which calls for attempts and motivations. The civilization is the result of human’s interaction with soil in a specific period of time and in the light of religious thought Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Female Users' Experiences of Identification with Cosmetic Surgery in Instagram Content
Mina Jelvan Abbas ZamaniThe present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the experiences of female users of identifying with cosmetic surgery in Instagram content. The research method was a qualitative type of phenomenology. For this purpose, based on the qualitative research process MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the experiences of female users of identifying with cosmetic surgery in Instagram content. The research method was a qualitative type of phenomenology. For this purpose, based on the qualitative research process and selected methods, from the field of research, which was all women who performed cosmetic surgery or cosmetic surgery through the Instagram program, a number of them were selected as the final sample based on heterogeneous targeted sampling. There were 7 people whose information was collected using semi-structured interviews and the interviews were continued until information saturation. In the following, the findings were analyzed using the 7-step method of Claysey. From the total findings of this research, a number of 186 related sentences and phrases were extracted, and after removing duplicate codes, 92 conceptual codes were obtained. First, the codes were converted into simple concepts and then they were categorized into 9 categories with the same concept and 2 main propositions, which included environmental factors with 5 sub-concepts, background factors with 4 sub-concepts. The findings indicated that women who underwent cosmetic surgery through Instagram had successful and unsuccessful experiences, which were the result of research and searching on Instagram, consultation with friends and clinic consultants, family supervision, and finally their own personal opinions. And of course the influencing factors were the family's situation and opinions, economic situation and interest in changing body and being modern Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analysis of the Effects of Social and Economic Factors on Energy Consumption, with Emphasis on Family Travel Patterns (Case Study: Malek-Shahr and Amir-Arab Neighborhoods in Isfahan)
Homayoon Nooraie Laleh Kikavous Nejad -
Open Access Article
7 - Socio-Cultural Meaning of Kitchen in Religious Context of Iran (Case Study: City of Qom)
Masoud Nari Ghomi -
Open Access Article
8 - Analyzing the effect of denial of parentage on the financial and non-financial rights of children in Iran's legal system
Maryam ul Sadat Mohaghegh Damad Reihaneh Jalali FarahaniRelative relationship may be denied for various reasons and motivations. The denier of relative relation claims that the relative relation that apparently exists is contrary to reality. In general, any person who benefits from the denial of lineage can file a lawsuit fo MoreRelative relationship may be denied for various reasons and motivations. The denier of relative relation claims that the relative relation that apparently exists is contrary to reality. In general, any person who benefits from the denial of lineage can file a lawsuit for denial of lineage. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to clearly state the approach of Iranian law towards the legal status of a child whose parentage has been denied. Since there may be a difference between the rights of a child whose parentage is denied and the rights of a child who does not have this feature, it is necessary to determine which of the financial and non-financial rights is different between the child whose parentage is denied and the child whose not. The result of this research is that those rights that such a child still enjoys are financial rights, alimony and non-financial rights, guardianship, custody, family name and birth certificate. Inheritance is also a right that is affected by denying lineage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Evaluation of the State of National Identity among Female Students of Ahwaz Islamic Azad University and Exploring the Social Factors Affecting upon it
Hamid Pouryoussefi Sara Sharifnia -
Open Access Article
10 - Narrative Analysis of the Quality of Life of Female-Headed Households in the 19th District of Tehran in 2020
Sepideh Ahmadi Amirmasoud Amirmazaheri Majid Saffarinia -
Open Access Article
11 - An Analysis of the Socio-political Factors Influencing Women’s Participation in the National Parliamentary Election in Iran
Nariman Bavarsad Omidian Mohammad Hadi Mansour lakoorej Zahra Soltani Larkani -
Open Access Article
12 - Gender and Reduction of Poverty in Iran
Tahereh Mirsardoo Kristin Soraya Batmanghelichi -
Open Access Article
13 - The Role of Media and Peers on Tendency of Female Students towards Beauty Products Based on the Extended Theory of Reasoned Action
Mohammad Nazaripour Bahar DastaranBeauty issues are very important for women, especially teenage girls. The influence of personality traits and social-environmental factors in this process is undeniable. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the attitude of female students towards beauty product MoreBeauty issues are very important for women, especially teenage girls. The influence of personality traits and social-environmental factors in this process is undeniable. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the attitude of female students towards beauty products based on the theory of reasoned action and by moderating media and peer variables. This study is applied in terms of purpose and correlation cross-sectional in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this study were female undergraduate students of administrative sciences studying at the universities are located in Shiraz and Qom cities. The time period of this study was the second semester of the academic year 2022-2023. Structural equation modeling and the analysis of variance by rank have been used to test the research hypotheses. According to the research findings, variables of media, peers, attitude and subjective norms have a positive and significant effect on the intention to buy beauty products by female students. Also, the media variable has a moderating effect on the relationship between attitude and purchase intention, and the peer variable has a moderating effect on the relationship between subjective norms and purchase intention. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, the main variables of the study (purchase intention, attitude and subjective norms) are not significantly different among different age groups. Finally, the findings of this study also provide marketers and retailers within the beauty product sector with an advantage when designing marketing strategies to target young female consumers, as they will have more information regarding the factors influencing these consumers’ purchase intention towards beauty products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - "Social support in Kermanshah earthquake" Based on the lived experience of the female-headed households
Shayesteh Karamkhani Alieh ShekarbeygiSocial support is one of the important components of empowerment to solve the problems of the female-headed households in different life situations. the female-headed households are one of the socially vulnerable groups in natural disasters and how they deal with them h MoreSocial support is one of the important components of empowerment to solve the problems of the female-headed households in different life situations. the female-headed households are one of the socially vulnerable groups in natural disasters and how they deal with them has a lot to do with the components of empowerment. The aim of this study was to describe the experience of the female-headed households in social support in earthquakes.The methodology of qualitative research is the method of contextual theory. Data were collected by field method through theoretical sampling and in-depth interviews with 15 the female-headed households in the eight earthquake-stricken areas of Kermanshah to the extent of theoretical saturation. In this study, in order to measure accuracy, the criterion of "reliability and reliability" and the technique of "triangulation" were used. From data analysis, 987 primary open source, 150 secondary concepts, 41 central categories and 8 final major categories including: "transient and cross-sectional", "personal supporters", "instrumental use", "hard life events", "loneliness" And fear "," feeling of abandonment and pessimism "," injustice and discrimination "," feeling of helplessness "and the central concept of" social support; perceived priority of life "were extracted. The results show" social support "as" priority ". "Perceived life" is interpreted by the participants, which if ignored, will have irreparable consequences. Have a great impact on their ability to deal with natural disasters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Evaluation of Factors Affecting Women Tendencies’ toward Manly Occupations (Case Study: Female Students of Police College and Allameh Tabatabai Social Sciences Department 2012-2013)
Fariba Shaygan Alireza Kaldi Seyede Zahra Askari Tabatabaei -
Open Access Article
16 - The study of social-cultural factors’ role on women’s access to top and specialized professions in scientific and applied universalities throughout Tehran
Taliee Khademian Leila Mirtaheri -
Open Access Article
17 - An analysis of variables affecting the happiness of citizens in urban areas
Keyvan MOLANOROUZI Farzaneh GsruiThe aim of this research was to identify the factors affecting the happiness of urban girls in Islamshahr, with a focus on the Islamshahr population. The statistical population of this study was 8474 students, and based on Morgan's table, a sample size of 367 individual MoreThe aim of this research was to identify the factors affecting the happiness of urban girls in Islamshahr, with a focus on the Islamshahr population. The statistical population of this study was 8474 students, and based on Morgan's table, a sample size of 367 individuals was estimated and randomly selected. However, to ensure the return of all questionnaires, the researcher provided about 400 questionnaires to individuals. The measurement tools included three questionnaires: 1) the researcher-made questionnaire on socio-economic status, 2) the researcher-made questionnaire on leisure time activities, and 3) the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the data of this study. The chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used to determine the relationship between the research variables. The findings of the study showed a significant relationship (p<0.05) between leisure time activities and the level of happiness among students, but there was no significant relationship (p>0.05) between socio-economic status and happiness. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship (p<0.05) between socio-economic status and leisure time activities among students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Participation assessment of citizens in environmental and services urban areas Baghmalek
Saeed Maleki Rasol SarvestanDue to the increase of urban population in the past few decades, if we want to develop cities meet the needs of today and of future generations of the city and the urban environment, we must plan for managing the cities based on informed participation of citizens. One o MoreDue to the increase of urban population in the past few decades, if we want to develop cities meet the needs of today and of future generations of the city and the urban environment, we must plan for managing the cities based on informed participation of citizens. One of these areas, citizen participation in urban management system. The aim of this research analysis on the role of citizen participation in municipal services and improving the urban environment, the city is Baghmalek. The present study in terms of nature, development - application and the method of study, cross - sectional survey data collection method. And in the field of library and used. In a field survey of 325 residents of the city Baghmalek in 2016 in the areas of citizen participation with the use of questionnaires, utilities, samples, sampling proportional to size (using the Cochran) were selected and studied. To analyze the data using software Spss and Excel takes place. To test the hypothesis and find research tests Kendall (reflection and Tai Si), December, Spearman, chi-square, Eta coefficient is used. The results show Dhd.kh between citizens and their awareness in city affairs, citizen participation, sex and education between citizens, between citizens and municipal services is a significant relationship between age and only Azarh citizen participation in municipal affairs of significant relationship has been established. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Spatial Planning and Management of Spatial Development (Case Study: Malekan Township)
مهدی مومنی امید مبارکی نرگس جنابیIntroduction and Objective: Undoubtedly optimal management of space in terms of regulating the relationship among human being, space and human activities in the space is the main objective of spatial planning. Materialization of spatial planning more than having a techn MoreIntroduction and Objective: Undoubtedly optimal management of space in terms of regulating the relationship among human being, space and human activities in the space is the main objective of spatial planning. Materialization of spatial planning more than having a technical plan depends on a management plan based on the economic and spatial balances which allows it to realize equity in space and social equity. Nowadays, intense concentration of population and activities in one or more geographical spots features most Third World countries including Iran. Underestimating long-term plans and relying on development-based and sometimes superficial plans are among main obstacles of realization of balanced development of Iran. This study aims at analyzing different dimensions of the spatial management necessary for preparing process of spatial planning program. To do so, we concentrated our study on Malekan Township where let us to indicate the operationalization of the issue at the level of a township or region. It also became a basis for other studies in provincial or regional scales. Methodology: As an applied research, a documentary-analytical method was used in this study. Besides maps SPSS, Auto Cad and Arc View programs were used for analyzing data, variables, preparing tables and doing calculations. Results: Our findings showed that the main component of the realistic analyses of spatial planning must be sought in the geographical structures. In fact our country’s spatial planning appearance particularly in the regional levels is initially a function of the natural components and secondly a function of allocation and decision making system. Natural elements are the first priority for spatial establishment of settlements in the studied area and regarding the allocation system services and applications are not divided similarly among different villages of the township. Conclusion: Providing a pervasive analysis of the relation between settlement system and activity with the environmental condition through designing and developing a databank consisting of geographical foundations is necessary for extracting spatial development documents. Again, analysis of weak points of allocation system will play a key role in realizing equity in space and solving socioeconomic inequalities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Designing a Model for Economic Empowerment of Female Heads of Households in Ilam Province
masomeh jamshidi Hossein MehdizadehFemale head of household as the poorest person is one of the most vulnerable sectors of society, accounting for a significant percentage of the population. They are particularly important in development planning because of the role and importance of family livelihoods. MoreFemale head of household as the poorest person is one of the most vulnerable sectors of society, accounting for a significant percentage of the population. They are particularly important in development planning because of the role and importance of family livelihoods. Empowerment and promotion of the quantitative and qualitative level of their lives can provide grounds for poverty reduction, reduction of gender inequality, expansion of economic independence of households, and so on. The purpose of this study was to design a model of economic empowerment of women Heads of Households in Ilam province, using a case study method. The statistical population of the study is experts in the field of empowerment of women in different departments and organizations of the province. Using theoretical sampling, 28 experts were selected and the data were extracted through in-depth interviews with the aforementioned experts to achieve theoretical saturation. To analyze the obtained qualitative information, the grounded theory method has been used. The results showed that 43 concepts were obtained through open encoding, 7 axial categories by axial encoding and a nuclear category through selective encoding. The results also showed that the experts identified the new semantic of the economic empowerment of female headed households is in modifying and changing the traditional model of women's empowerment, and moving towards the completion of the value chain and identifying the underlying circles in order to achieve a new plan for the organization of home-based job and entrepreneurship Families, specially female heads of households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Effect of phenylbutazone on the duration of various parameters after anesthesia induced by thiopental sodium in male dogs
مهدیه رئیس زاده حمید رجائیان حمیدرضا فتاحیانTaking drug interactions into consideration is an important aspect of therapy and being aware ofsuch interactions may help to achieve an effective treatment. The purpose of this research was toinvestigate the possible interaction between phenylbutazone and sodium thiope MoreTaking drug interactions into consideration is an important aspect of therapy and being aware ofsuch interactions may help to achieve an effective treatment. The purpose of this research was toinvestigate the possible interaction between phenylbutazone and sodium thiopental in maledogs. Twenty one mixed breed dogs were randomly divided into two control and experimentalgroups. Normal saline and sodium thiopental were intravenously administered to animals in thecontrol group. Equivalent dose of sodium thiopental was administered following the injection ofphenylbutazone via the same route. After anesthesia, time intervals needed for the return ofpulpebral reflex, opening of eyes, tongue movement, extension of the limbs, head and neckmovement, sitting position, trying to stand, imbalanced walking, and normal walking wererecorded. Results show that, the average time periods in the experimental group were generallymore than those in the control group. It was also shown that the duration of the aboveparameters were significantly higher in heavier dog (>18kg) compared to the lighter ones(<18kg). It is generally concluded that simultaneous administration of sodium thiopental andphenylbutazone causes an increase in the recovery period for anesthesia. This may be due to anincrease in the unbound form of thiopental and a quicker distribution of the drug into the brainand, the refore, a greater duration of thiopental action. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - A Survey on the information literacy of undergraduate students of Malek Ashtar University of Technology
Tahereh GholamiPurpose: The purpose of this research is to determine the level of information literacy among undergraduate students of Malek Ashtar university of Technology(Shahin Shahr-Isfahan). Methodology: The methodology of this research is survey –descriptive type using a q MorePurpose: The purpose of this research is to determine the level of information literacy among undergraduate students of Malek Ashtar university of Technology(Shahin Shahr-Isfahan). Methodology: The methodology of this research is survey –descriptive type using a questionnaire. The population under study was 250 students of Malek Ashtar University of Technology undergraduate students. Findings: According to the research findings, the mean scores obtained among the population under study were: 3.45 for good understanding of information needs, 2.94 for information search strategies, 2.4 for location of information and access to information, 3.38 for use of information, 3.39 for combining new information with previous knowledge and 2.71 for evaluating the result of search process regarding how much it has satisfied their information needs. Conclusion: Based upon the Eisenberg and Berkowitz’s Six big skills, the present research has identified the strengths of information literacy among Undergraduate students of Malek Ashtar university of Technology. It has been carried out to find and study whether Undergraduate students ofMalek Ashtar university of Technology are equipped with these skills and whether they feel the need to gain such skills. In total, the general results of study indicate the status of information literacy among Undergraduate students of Malek Ashtar university of Technology with mean score of 3.04 is medium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation on Body Composition, Leptin and Muscle Strength of Non-Athletic Men
Kh. Moonikh M. Kashef A. AzadIntroduction: The supplementation of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in animal studies has shown to increase the lean body mass and reduces the fat mass. Few studies have been investigating the effects of CLA supplementation in human. The aim of this study is to examine the ef MoreIntroduction: The supplementation of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in animal studies has shown to increase the lean body mass and reduces the fat mass. Few studies have been investigating the effects of CLA supplementation in human. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid supplementation on body composition, serum leptin and muscle strength in non-athletic men. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental, double-blind study, 24 non-athletic men were randomly assigned to two groups; the supplement (12) and placebo (n=12) groups. The supplement group took 3 gr CLA/d and the control group or placebo group received the same amount of nutrients as the supplement group but without the addition of CLA. Blood samples were taken before and after the intervention in order to determine the levels of leptin. Body fat mass, lean body mass percent and muscular strength were also measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 19 using independent and paired-samples T-test. Results: There were not significant differences in serum leptin levels between the groups examined. In addition, significant differences were not observed in muscle strength, fat and lean body mass percents. Conclusion: 6 weeks of supplementation with conjugated Linoleic Acid did not improve the body composition, serum leptin levels and muscle strength in non-athletic men. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Use of Remote Sensing and Detecting Changes in the Evaluation of Vegetation (Case Study: Maleh Galle (Mleh Galle) Protected Area)
Gholam Reza Sabzghabaei Mohammad Javad Ehsandoost Seyedeh Soolmaz Dashti Atefeh Mir Fariba HedayatzadehBackground and Objective: Remote sensing techniques due to their specific features in providing rapid and inexpensive basic information is very important. Remote sensing is used these days in the important issues like making maps of the regions and the right decision ma MoreBackground and Objective: Remote sensing techniques due to their specific features in providing rapid and inexpensive basic information is very important. Remote sensing is used these days in the important issues like making maps of the regions and the right decision making. The aim of this study was to changes detection in vegetation of Maleh Galle protected area. Material and Methodology: In this study, satellite images of Landsat 7 ETM+, 2000 and 2010 were used and the vegetation changes using TerrSet software were considered regardless of the gardens and agricultural lands of the of, Maleh Galle protected area. In this study, after the preparation of Landsat ETM+ images for years 2000 and 2010 and necessary geometric corrections on them, for extract the parameters of vegetation cover, the original map was derived from processing images. Then, taking into account the classified land use map and map of NDVI index and keeping in mind the maximum likelihood parameter, ground truth map was prepared for the two years 2000 and 2010. Finally with two images difference method, the rate and the changes relation to each other investigated. Findings: The quantity changes between the years of 2000 and 2010 were examined and it was found that within 10 years, the level of protective vegetation cover has been increased from 5278/5 hectares to 2521/25 hectares. With the Difference method between final maps, it was found that the density of vegetation area has been reduced to 181/17 hectares. 3417/48 hectares of Vegetation area remained unchanged and 21739/59 hectares of vegetation area has been grown. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that satellite images equipped with Landsat ETM+ has sufficient capabilities to extract vegetation cover, particularly vegetation of forest areas. In this nearly ten-year period, when the area was included in the list of protected areas in Iran, by 2010, the protected vegetation of region has been increased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Providing a habitat model for black male Caucasians grouse (Tetrao mlokosiewiczi) using geographical information system (GIS)
Ebrahim Faridi Dariush NaseriBackground and Objective: The black male Caucasians grouse (Tetrao mlokosiewiczi) is one of the rarest birds in the world. In Iran, it only lives in Arasbaran forests. The black male Caucasians grouse is among the birds included in the IUCN (International Union Conserva MoreBackground and Objective: The black male Caucasians grouse (Tetrao mlokosiewiczi) is one of the rarest birds in the world. In Iran, it only lives in Arasbaran forests. The black male Caucasians grouse is among the birds included in the IUCN (International Union Conservation Nature) red list. It means that, it is in danger of extinction. Therefore, the importance of recognition and conservation of the habitat for this rare species is significantly clear. Method: In this study, relying on 10-year field observations by experts, habitat model map for this bird was made using geographical information system. Among the obtained-by-GPS points that the black male Caucasians grouse had been seen, some points were selected randomly. Then by overlaying them with altitude, slope, aspect, density of forest cover, plant species types and climate maps, the habitat model map of the black male Caucasians grouse was prepared. Findings: To test the developed model, all of the points obtained in field observations were overlaid with the made. The results show the high accuracy of the prepared habitat model. The results also show that the black male Caucasians grouse lives in the fields with these specifications: dense and semi dense forests, altitude of 2100 to 2400, slope of over 30%, slope towards north, and humid and semi humid climate, where some plant species such as oak, hornbeam, seven cole, nagorno qat and eglantine are abundant. Discussion and Conclusion: Habitats are as one of the most important factors for survival of the species in any environment. Understanding the need of any species can be effective in selecting the suitable habitats to set them free. The capabilities of GIS are very effective in this regard, since by using them in the analyses, a large volume of data can be studied and habitat modeling can be done. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Landfill site selection for urban wastes using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Leopold matrix methods (Case Study: Malekan city)
Ghodrat Barzegari Alireza Esmaeili Ebrahim Asghari KaljahiBackground and Objective: Uncontrolled urban expansion in country cause to increasing of waste production in the cities and became to an important issue despite the progress of science and technology. The purpose of this study is to investigate and select a suitable loc MoreBackground and Objective: Uncontrolled urban expansion in country cause to increasing of waste production in the cities and became to an important issue despite the progress of science and technology. The purpose of this study is to investigate and select a suitable location for landfill in Malekan city. Method: In this study, the required criteria including lithology, land use, vegetation, soil characteristics, topography (slope), distances from urban areas and away from the main road, the main and secondary canals, residential areas, wells and aqueducts, faults have been identified and collected. To form a pair wise comparison matrix and the weight of information layers determined by using of the Expert Choice 11 software and analytic hierarchy process. Then the appropriate zones have been modeled by overlaying of different layers in GIS media. Findings: It was found that the current waste disposal site of Malekan city does not have sufficient conditions for waste disposal and in order to select a suitable location, in addition to addressing the impact of the included criteria, it is necessary to use field visits and environmental assessments to finally select the most suitable place for landfilling. Discussion and Conclusion: As a result, 8 zones have been selected that 4 of them were eliminated based on field visits. Finally in order to planning of the studied area waste, the candidate zones were evaluated by the Leopold matrix and finally the zone number 4 located on the east of Qalejogh village has been selected as a best location for landfill of Malekan urban waste. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Factors Affecting the Participation of Villagers in Environmental Protection (Case Study: Villages of Qaleh-e-Tel Rural District of Baghmalek County)
bahman khosravipour zeynab Khademi khadijeh soleimani harooniBackground and Objective: Natural resources are one of the inseparable parts of human life, and the participation of villagers in the maintenance and protection of natural resources is essential. This research was conducted in 2014 with the aim of determining the effect MoreBackground and Objective: Natural resources are one of the inseparable parts of human life, and the participation of villagers in the maintenance and protection of natural resources is essential. This research was conducted in 2014 with the aim of determining the effective factors on the participation of villagers (Baghmolek city in Khuzestan province) in environmental protection. Material and Methodology: The random sample of this research consists of 254 villagers from Qala Tal village of Baghmelk city, who were randomly selected using the sampling method. Data collection in this research was done using a researcher-made questionnaire. After preparing the questionnaire and confirming its face validity by experts, its reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient for different research variables. In order to determine the effective factors on the participation of villagers in environmental protection, step-by-step regression analysis was used. Fidings: The results showed that the correlation test between research variables has a positive and significant relationship and the four variables of challenges, desire, government-motivational factors and social-psychological factors are able to significantly predict (R2 = 0.48) the changes They are an effective variable on the participation of villagers in environmental protection. Discussion & Conclusion: Since willingness is an effective factor on the participation of villagers, it is suggested that more emphasis be placed on the participation of villagers in holding training courses. More emphasis should be placed on participating in education classes related to the environment, reporting news related to environmental destruction and talking about the importance of the environment to friends and acquaintances. Government-motivational factors are suggested for the participation of villagers in environmental protection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The comparison of Artificial Neural Network to and maximum likelihood algorithms for forest changes detection
parvin bagherifar Reza Basiri Shahram Yosefi Khaneghah Hamidreza PourkhabbazBackground and Objective: Remote Sensing Technology is considered one of the most important sources of spatial and thematic data in the developed world of today. The objective of this work is a comparison of two different methods of change detection in forests using Lan MoreBackground and Objective: Remote Sensing Technology is considered one of the most important sources of spatial and thematic data in the developed world of today. The objective of this work is a comparison of two different methods of change detection in forests using Landsat images. Therefore, sensor Landsat TM images of 1990 and 2011 (ETM+) satellite images have been used. Material and Methodology: In the classification of images, the maximum likelihood algorithm, and artificial neural network to multilayer perceptron method were used. Findings: Evaluated results showed that the algorithm approach, the maximum likelihood overall accuracy, and kappa coefficient maps classified in TM image, respectively, are 96.72 and 0.96 percent and image ETM+ 98.02 and 0.97 percent, and the method of artificial neural networks, overall accuracy and kappa coefficient map classified, TM image was 98.22 and 0.97% and ETM+ image was 98.34and 0.97 percent respectively. Following TM and ETM+ classification maps to detect the changes were marked and the map changes obtained. Discussion and conclusion: The results of this study showed that using Landsat data along with data from have inventory capabilities of forest change mapping Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - A model to Revitalization of Historical and Cultural Places (Case study: Moshir - o - Almamalek, Garden City of Yazd)
Hamid Majedi Hossein Amjad Hooman BahmanpourIntroduction:Due to spectacular geographical location, the Province of Yazd, located in the center of Iran, it hasbeen in the center of attention since long ago. It is considered one of the driest provinces in Iran withhot and dry climate, and annual average precipitati MoreIntroduction:Due to spectacular geographical location, the Province of Yazd, located in the center of Iran, it hasbeen in the center of attention since long ago. It is considered one of the driest provinces in Iran withhot and dry climate, and annual average precipitation of 50-100ml. The day and night temperaturevaries between 11.9 to 20.7 degrees of Celsius. The special climate in Yazd has resulted in beautifulgardens such as, Moshir – o – Almamalek Garden, which is one the most famous and beautifulgardens in Yazd. It is 18000m2 in area and is located in the north-west of Yazd. It was established byMirza Fathollah Khan, Moshir – o – Almamalek in Ghajar era. He was in charge of collecting tax inYazd and when the Governor was absent, he took up the responsibilities. As the elderly people fromYazd say, Yazd was controlled from his residence, i.e., Moshir – o – Almamalek Garden.Material and Method:Literature review and field study were used in this study. This study is descriptive-analytical. Throughthe restoration of the place, current national and international patterns along with Iranian-Islamicarchitectural concepts were used. Cameras like Cannon Power shot S5 IS and Olympus C160 wereutilized during the field study.Result:Except the central building, the other buildings lack foundation. The most preeminent material used ismud-bricks. In the past, drinking water was supplied by subterranean canals (ghanat). It is now,however, supplied by the city water system. The trees in the garden would be fruit bearing, e.g. fig,vine, apple, etc. Other plants such as olive, persimmon, and citrus have recently been cultivated.Discussion:Using elements such as grass, water, and plants during restoration, which constitute the main elementsof ancient Iranian architecture, is vividly observable. This demonstrates the relation between the natureand architecture in the present and past Iran. Transparency, space linkage, organized spaces, spaceintegration, geometry, and symmetry implemented in the garden reflect thought and rationalization inthe Iranian garden establishment, which intentionally and consciously pursued physical and spiritualpeace for human looking for tranquility. Manuscript profile -
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30 - Thematic and structure analysis of the political poems of Yousef Al-Khatib and Malek Al-Shoaraye Bahar
Fatemeh Masoomi Sheikh Ahmad Louiy Katayoun Fallahi Tahereh ChaldereStructural and content analysis in language is not merely a superficial representation, but on the contrary, it is an essential part of the meaning conveyed by the poet. This type of analysis, among the types of language use, pays the most attention to language in liter MoreStructural and content analysis in language is not merely a superficial representation, but on the contrary, it is an essential part of the meaning conveyed by the poet. This type of analysis, among the types of language use, pays the most attention to language in literature, and most of the research in this branch of study focuses on identifying literary styles, personal language, and the individual creativity of the author. Yusef Khatib is one of the contemporary Palestinian political poets who were himself a member of the Ba'athist Arab Socialist Party, which has been active in many political activities. His poetry collection is full of political concepts about the Arab world that emphasizes the resistance and stability. The similarities between the poetic concepts of Yusuf al-Khatib and Malek al-Shoaraye Bahar led the writers to discuss their poems from a content and structural point of view. In the present study, the authors examine and critique the data with a descriptive-analytical approach. Manuscript profile -
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31 - Comparative and analytical comparison of the means of participation of provincial road soldiers Case study: Sardar Shahid Ghasem Soleimani and Sardar Shahid Malek Ashtar Nakhaei
Shahrokh Hekmat esmail eslamiPaying attention to the beginning of Islam and paying attention to the life of the Prophet (PBUH) and the Amir al-Mu'minin (AS) as well as the way of life of the companions of the Prophet and the special companions of the Amir al-Mu'minin (AS) caused many personalities MorePaying attention to the beginning of Islam and paying attention to the life of the Prophet (PBUH) and the Amir al-Mu'minin (AS) as well as the way of life of the companions of the Prophet and the special companions of the Amir al-Mu'minin (AS) caused many personalities in the present age to lose their epistemological model. The companions of the Prophet (PBUH) and Hazrat Amir (AS) should choose. Malek Ashtar Nakhaei is one of these characters. Malek was one of the leaders of Rashid Islam and one of the most devoted companions of the Amir al-Mu'minin (AS), whose governorship is famous in history. Malek Ashtar is one of the personalities who deserves to be a role model for the believers; Because he, after the rank and position of the Infallible Imams (AS), was the master of the time. The personal and social characteristics of Malek Ashtar made him always a role model and always caused fear and anxiety for the enemies. Martyr Qassem Soleimani, following his example, was one of the prominent commanders trained in the school of Islam who spent his entire life in jihad for the sake of God. In this article, while introducing these two commanders, we will deal specifically with the concept of the keyword "province". The result of this article was that several common characteristics of these two commanders are more frequent, including: guardianship, God-centeredness and spirituality, support and arm of the province, courage, optimism and genius and tact. Manuscript profile -
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32 - A Comparative study of The reflection of continental and rural traits in Novels "Scorched Earth" by Ahmad Mahmoud and " Malekat Al-Enab " by Najib Al-Kilani
Hayedeh Azimoghli Oskooi Hojjat Rasouli Seyyed Ebrahim ArmanContinental literature is one of the important sub-branches of fiction has influenced the social and political developments of most societies. Najib Al-Kilani and Ahmad Mahmoud, two great contemporary Persian and Arabic writers including committed writers based on indig MoreContinental literature is one of the important sub-branches of fiction has influenced the social and political developments of most societies. Najib Al-Kilani and Ahmad Mahmoud, two great contemporary Persian and Arabic writers including committed writers based on indigenous culture, addressed the problems of society and their minds for solutions in the form of their stories. The story " Malekat Al-Enab" (Grape Queen) is one of the noble works of Kilani about a village with hope and suffering along with the contemporary historical developments of Egypt in the middle of the twentieth century. The story of "Scorched Earth" by Ahmad Mahmoud is also depicted as a socio-historical plan of the events of the war and the reflection of the southern climate and the suffering of the people by mastering the scenes in a realistic style in the eyes of the critic. The importance of studying this issue becomes clear when many economic and social problems were solved in the development of Islamic societies. The present study has investigated and evaluated the characteristics of influential climatic and indigenous elements in the two novels with a comparative approach. The results of this study: Achieving effective climatic and indigenous elements in the mentioned novels is necessary for the goals of sustainable development. Manuscript profile -
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33 - Adaptive analysis of homeland in the poems of Mohammad maghot and Mohammad tage malek alshoary bahar1
rahim ansariporUndoubtedly the love of the homeland of the most important affairs tenderness the poets home to it has dealt stray missile hit his house. A tattered French uniform to dusand home one of the important extension of poetry poets of the. mor depths of the people. Feel, frie MoreUndoubtedly the love of the homeland of the most important affairs tenderness the poets home to it has dealt stray missile hit his house. A tattered French uniform to dusand home one of the important extension of poetry poets of the. mor depths of the people. Feel, friendship in history humanity among all peoples huma are responsible to different problem. Mohamad maghote of poets and writers and literaturemoasear arabeaceandandconsidered. Of Syria is but a part of his life. in Lebanon run. Like two too homeland Adouneasand emaciated gobani years Far from home life. But Malik bahare of laureate the most outstanding poets and writers, the representative of active and militant several of the National Council and the most famous journalists and dignitaries and political intellectuals period of constitutional monarchy and semi-the First Pahlavi monarchy is the political life of him from the beginning of the national movement mashroutehpolitical life of spring like other aspects of his life and complex, and the other with performing the scientific and literary him close poet affect bad conditions of society political poems From Islamic Shariats point composed by writing poems color, sense of friendship and become a shoe and stimulate and seed hatred of enemies in their hearts within both the poet In the period of colonial hard, poverty, UAE corruption, tyranny From Islamic Shariats point of life the ruling political time terms were similar. Manuscript profile -
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34 - Religious Thought in Malek al-Shoara-ye Bahar and Ahmad Safi al-Najafi’s poems
Yadollah Rafiee Ramazan RezaeeIf poetry is to serve the public good, and it lead sit to the moral utopia of faith in God, it will be undoubtedly authentic from the viewpoint of Islam; and the Qur'an, the Prophet(pbuh) and the Ahlul Bayt(AS) also support such a poetry. However, with adherence to the MoreIf poetry is to serve the public good, and it lead sit to the moral utopia of faith in God, it will be undoubtedly authentic from the viewpoint of Islam; and the Qur'an, the Prophet(pbuh) and the Ahlul Bayt(AS) also support such a poetry. However, with adherence to the traditions of Islam and the Holy Prophet(SAW), the poem is used as an effective weapon in defense of the moral and religious principles, and to counter enemy attacks from the appearance of Islam till now. In this field, Bahar and Ahmed Safi, are clear examples that religious beliefs and doctrines of the faith has a clear manifestation in their poems. This paper attempts to investigate with content analysis the emergence of religious thoughts in these two poets’ poems. Manuscript profile -
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35 - Political satire in Malek Alshoar Bahars and Alrosafis poems
Sadegh ebrahimi kavari Fatemeh AsadiSatire is one of expressional ways used by literary men particularly poets. This medium of expression has been the center of attention of literary men over ages up to date. and it has been reflected in their worles in different ways with respect to the purpose it has be MoreSatire is one of expressional ways used by literary men particularly poets. This medium of expression has been the center of attention of literary men over ages up to date. and it has been reflected in their worles in different ways with respect to the purpose it has been used. Of all varieties of satire, political satire has been utilized more in the works of cotemporary literary men so that many a great poets have benefited from this art in their poetry. Of Iranian poets, Malek Alshoara Bahar and of the Arab contemporary poets, the famous poet, Alrosafi, considering their literary and political positions, could play a great artistic role in this respect. Manuscript profile -
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36 - Matching Malek al-Shoara-ye Bahar’s lyrical themes with Sami al-Baroudi’s ones
Sadegh Ebrahimi Kavary Sakineh Asadi Rezvan LorestaniComparative literature is one of the newly-founded, useful and efficient sciences that refer to the literature of all nations in an indiscrete series and a single category(despite language and form differences). Obviously, many Iranian poets have similarity in poetry an MoreComparative literature is one of the newly-founded, useful and efficient sciences that refer to the literature of all nations in an indiscrete series and a single category(despite language and form differences). Obviously, many Iranian poets have similarity in poetry and language with other poets in the world(including Arab poets) .In every poet’s works, various themes such as literal, political and social can be found, but in the poems of Mahmoud Sami Albaroudi and Malek al-Shoara-ye Bahar, two contemporary Arab and Persian poets, there are many similarities. This paper is an attempt to examine their common lyrical themes. Manuscript profile -
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37 - Malek Al-Shoara Bahar and Ibrahim Toghan
Ali Salimi Peyman SalehiSince the countries of Iran and Palestine have historically undergone many events, the literature of resistance has become widely popular in these countries. Poetic expression of patriotism, fighting against colonialism and oppression and sacrificing for MoreSince the countries of Iran and Palestine have historically undergone many events, the literature of resistance has become widely popular in these countries. Poetic expression of patriotism, fighting against colonialism and oppression and sacrificing for the sake of home has been among the prominent features of this literary type. In many occasions in their books of poems the liberal Iranian poetMalekal-ShoaraBahar and the nationalist Palestinian poet Ibrahim Toghan perfectly show the patriotism and sacrificing for one’s hometown. Therefore their political and social poetry has many things in common. Manuscript profile -
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38 - Comparative Study of Utipia from Bahar and Heinrich Böll's Viewpoint
Asiyeh Soveini Kamran Pashaei Fakhri Parvaneh Adel ZadehPoets and authors as members of the society have always expressed their views about societies' situations. Amongst all Malek o-Sho'Ara Bahār and Heinrich Böll from Iran and Germany had stated their political and social viewpoints in order to criticize the existing MorePoets and authors as members of the society have always expressed their views about societies' situations. Amongst all Malek o-Sho'Ara Bahār and Heinrich Böll from Iran and Germany had stated their political and social viewpoints in order to criticize the existing situation and unwrap their own societies' injustice and lacks. The present research attempts to survey and study the abovementioned subject in Malek o-Sho'Ara Bahār's valuable poetries and Heinrich Böll's stories to express their ideas and views; then it shows that ideal criteria were global for Malek o-Sho'Ara Bahār and Heinrich Böll by focusing utopia's criteria and are known as ideal message for today's human. Manuscript profile -
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39 - COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRISON POETRY OF MALEK-OL-SHOARA BAHAR AND NAZEM HIKMAT
Hamid Reza Farzi Elham Alipuran Lashgar ShekanPrison poetry is the poetry which expresses the concerns and feelings the poet has had in the prison. These poems usually try to reveal the true face of the tyrant rulers of the time. Malek-ol-Shoara Bahar and Nazem Hikmat are contemporary Iranian and Tur MorePrison poetry is the poetry which expresses the concerns and feelings the poet has had in the prison. These poems usually try to reveal the true face of the tyrant rulers of the time. Malek-ol-Shoara Bahar and Nazem Hikmat are contemporary Iranian and Turkish poets who have passed many years of their lives in prison due to their fight against tyranny and oppression. Each of them has in a way crystalized his inner feelings and concerns in his poetry. The present article studies their points of similarity and difference through comparing instances of their prison poetry. Manuscript profile -
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40 - Parvin Etesami and Aisha Teymour’s Common Lyrical Themes
Farough Nemati Ayyoub MoradiAisha Teymour, the famous contemporary Egyptian poet and women’s vanguard of literary movement in this country, and Parvin Etesami, the greatest lady of Iranian literature and poetry, both originated in cultural families, offered mot and precious poems to the worl MoreAisha Teymour, the famous contemporary Egyptian poet and women’s vanguard of literary movement in this country, and Parvin Etesami, the greatest lady of Iranian literature and poetry, both originated in cultural families, offered mot and precious poems to the world of poetry .These two Poet ladies, used the rich source of Islamic teachings and religious culture, a lot and employ them to fertilize their own poetic themes .Among the themes of these two poets’ poems are Hijab, modesty, patience, the vocabulary and semantic use of Quranic terms. Also, sad poems and expressions of the maternal affection are the other common issues in these two warbler’s poetry. Manuscript profile -
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41 - A comparative study of female personality from the perspective of Ferdowsi, Movlavi
Hadi Abbasnejad Khorasani Reza Forsati Joybari Hossein ParsaiIn Iranian poetry, women have played various roles. According to Islamic teachings and the text of the Holy Quran, man is considered the caliph of God on earth and human beings of all races and genders are equal. In fact, Iranian poets and writers have created the most MoreIn Iranian poetry, women have played various roles. According to Islamic teachings and the text of the Holy Quran, man is considered the caliph of God on earth and human beings of all races and genders are equal. In fact, Iranian poets and writers have created the most beautiful original similes and themes in the description of women, and with free inspiration, they have left lasting works. According to them, looking at a woman gives life and her smile is love-creation. In analyzing and collecting data, researchers have used the method of analytical-historical research, especially the books "Shahnameh" and "Masnavi Manavi" by Movlavi. The results show: According to Ferdowsi, the greatest indicator and manifestation of woman in "Shahnameh" is that she is a wise being, artist, independant, loyal to her husband and not a foodie, and she is the guardian of the identity of Iranshahri thought and high ethnic and racial values. Movlavi's view to women is relative and two-sided. Manuscript profile -
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42 - Comparative study of Ghada al-Samman and Simin Behbahani’s lyric poems
Mehrali Yazdanpanah Sepideh MotevalliIn this paper with the title of “Comparative study of Ghada al-Samman and Simin Behbahani’s lyric poems” is trying to answer this question “what differences and similarities are there between Ghada al-Samman and Simin Behbahani&rsq MoreIn this paper with the title of “Comparative study of Ghada al-Samman and Simin Behbahani’s lyric poems” is trying to answer this question “what differences and similarities are there between Ghada al-Samman and Simin Behbahani’s lyric poems?” Ghada al-Samman is considered as the perfect representative of the new female iterature (women’s literature) and its specific type, i.e. feminine lyrical literature in Arabic literature. Simin Behbahani has been also known as one of the representatives of this new flow as well as the lady of the Iranian lyrics. Language and unique feminine feeling are among the most important features of the romances of these two poets. Manuscript profile -
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43 - Principles of Time Management and its Pathology in the Divan of Bahar
Haniyeh Taherloo Kamran Pashaei Fakhri Parvaneh AdelzadehTaking advantage of life and achieving success are among the main goals of human beings. One of the most important steps in this direction is to master time and manage it properly, and human beings move towards perfection until they reach the source by going throug MoreTaking advantage of life and achieving success are among the main goals of human beings. One of the most important steps in this direction is to master time and manage it properly, and human beings move towards perfection until they reach the source by going through the poisons of life (wasting time) along the way. The result is that if one knows the value of time, one knows the value of life. What is being retrieved and reviewed in the present article is the optimal way to use time and its harmful factors in Bahar's poetries. Poetries that emphasize the transience of life and the grabbing the moments; this shows the importance of the mentioned subject as well as its necessity. The research sources are written references and the method is descriptive – research. Manuscript profile -
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44 - A Comparative Study of the Social Image of Women in Jami's Poems and Malek osh-Sho'arā Bahār’s Poets
Roqiyeh Khoddami Mahnaz Ramezani Zohreh SarmadThe Timurid period is a period in the history of Iran in which women do not have a favorable position. Jami, one of the prominent poets of this century in Haft Aurang, has a dual and often negative approach to women in referring to the women of his Masnavi; In contrast, MoreThe Timurid period is a period in the history of Iran in which women do not have a favorable position. Jami, one of the prominent poets of this century in Haft Aurang, has a dual and often negative approach to women in referring to the women of his Masnavi; In contrast, the situation has changed during the constitutional period. In the Malek osh-Sho'arā Bahār’s poets, this change of attitude and improvement of the position of women can be clearly seen. This can be related both to the political and social conditions of the poet's age and to his personal view of women. Analytical-descriptive study shows that Jami in Leili and Majnoon presents a positive image of female characteristics such as beauty, loyalty, intellect, etc. introduced as a liar and lustful. This dual approach is also observed in the Malek osh-Sho'arā Bahār’s poetries, with the difference that a positive attitude towards women is more prominent. Woman is not only mentioned as a mistress, but also the rationality, personality and humanity of women In Malek osh-Sho'arā Bahār’s poems. Manuscript profile -
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45 - Women poets in the Arab Literature
Mehdi Momtahen Shamsi Vaghefzadeh Hassan KhanjaniIn 20th century, In the order of feminist liberating, an expression comes to an existence called "female literature", that in the decade at 80th and 10th in the form at :female literature critics:" casts a shadow on Arabic literature. Even though, with the Majarity at i MoreIn 20th century, In the order of feminist liberating, an expression comes to an existence called "female literature", that in the decade at 80th and 10th in the form at :female literature critics:" casts a shadow on Arabic literature. Even though, with the Majarity at inventor and initiator women, in the field at literature, But this expression still is in doubt. And even this doubt exist is in women's writing so this is why this expression is a challenging expression among agreeing and A disagreeing. Discrepancy about this expression mostly is in this case that: Daes female literature mean that kind of literature that the females make it? Or Daes it mean that it is a kind of literature that women write that encourage the society to stand against the make wit's a kind of literature that it's subject is female. Basically there any literature called "male literature" or femle literature", or what exist is a human literature nat make or female what does this expression really mean? Feminist literature? Literary female or female literature. Manuscript profile -
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46 - A Study of the Sexual Crises of Women in Naguib Mahfuz's Works
Hussein Shamsabadi Gholamreza golcheenrad fereshteh afzaliLiterature plays various roles, the major function being expressing reality through the forms of the novel and the short story. Naguib Mahfuz, one of the outstanding Arab novelists, has special talents in this respect. He expresses social problems critically. The sexual MoreLiterature plays various roles, the major function being expressing reality through the forms of the novel and the short story. Naguib Mahfuz, one of the outstanding Arab novelists, has special talents in this respect. He expresses social problems critically. The sexual crisis is one of the plights which is both discussed and challenged in his novels and short stories. He investigated sexual crises, especially among women, socially, philosophically, and psychologically, and considered that problem as political symbolism and not as his main theme. Manuscript profile -
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47 - Investigating the Barriers to Promoting the Academic Rank of Women Academic Membership in Public Universities
javad sadeqi jafari fateme maleklooThe purpose of this article is to investigate the obstacles to obtaining the necessary points to promote the academic rank of women faculty members in the framework of the "Regulations for the promotion of the academic rank of faculty members." The research method is de MoreThe purpose of this article is to investigate the obstacles to obtaining the necessary points to promote the academic rank of women faculty members in the framework of the "Regulations for the promotion of the academic rank of faculty members." The research method is descriptive survey and the data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire with 30 items. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. This coefficient was obtained as 0.91 for the whole scale. The statistical sample includes 71 women faculty members of state universities. For this purpose, 6 main universities were selected and by collecting the email address of the target community, an online questionnaire was sent in Google Form and data was collected. Data analysis showed that female academics placed the challenges of obtaining "executive activities" points in the first rank and the "research activities" points in the second rank. The challenges of earning points in the "cultural" and "educational" duties of the faculty member are of third importance. On the other hand, the two variables "family issues" and "organizational issues" at the same level, prevent the necessary points from obtaining the necessary points of the four axes of the bylaw, and with a large distance from these two variables, there are "individual and personality" factors of women. In this article, it is concluded that women with real obstacles due to engaging in family roles and mainly cultural characteristics of the university organization in an unequal competition with men in order to obtain the necessary points provided in the promotion regulations. Manuscript profile -
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48 - Jurisprudential and Juridical Review of Solemn Malediction and its Role in Facilitating the Divorce Process of Couples
Mahnaz AsgariGhonche Mahdi Mirdadashi Mohammad SadeghiThe purpose of the present study is jurisprudential and juridical analysis of solemn malediction and its role in facilitating the divorce process of couples. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that with respect to jurisprudence and expedi MoreThe purpose of the present study is jurisprudential and juridical analysis of solemn malediction and its role in facilitating the divorce process of couples. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that with respect to jurisprudence and expediency of maintaining the couples' life, it deems appropriate to execute solemn malediction, if its executive conditions and principles exist. Couples in some cases reach a dangerous stage where they cannot bear each other due to intense hatred, so the holy legislator wants to cut the relationship between them completely and permanently as soon as possible. It also prevents the couples to execute arbitrary punishment by themselves because in such circumstances lengthening the process of divorce is so risky. Therefore, it is suggested that the legislators by completing juridical deficiencies of the institution of solemn malediction and also executers by raising awareness in terms of this divine rule and consequences of false accusation of adultery to women, make use of the wisdoms in this institution to prevent family crimes and decrease social harms. Manuscript profile -
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49 - The effect of hydroalcholic extract of Cuminum cyminum L. on anxiety in Adult male rats
Maryam Khoshsokhan mozaffar zahra alemi heshmat nasrin heidariehBackground and objectives: Anxiety is one of the current psychic disorders among humanistic communities. It is an oppressive feeling that associates an unknown and ambiguous danger. Due to the effect of cuminum cyminum L, this study aims to consider the effect of hydroa MoreBackground and objectives: Anxiety is one of the current psychic disorders among humanistic communities. It is an oppressive feeling that associates an unknown and ambiguous danger. Due to the effect of cuminum cyminum L, this study aims to consider the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of cuminum cyminum L. on anxiety among male Adult wistar rats. Material and Methods: After recognition of the cuminum cyminum L. plant through herbarium of Islamic Azad university of Qom, the hydroalcoholic extract was extracted by laboratory, and the extract powder was produced by using an oven. In this study on 32 male wistar rats (200 230 gr) in healthy groups(intact),the treatment group with DMSO or the solvent extract (0/3 cc), and groups received 50,100 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of cuminum cyminum L. (n=8). All injections were peritoneal, and half an hour after injection, with the use of high cross labyrinth, anxiety test was taken, and anxiety evaluation’s standard indicators (staying period and the number of entering to free arm) were considered and registered for 5 minutes. Data were analyzed by the Tukey’s unilateral variance analyze (p<0.001). Results: The received group solvent extract than intact group indicators showed no significant differences in anxiety. the hydroalcoholic extract of cuminum cyminum L.in 100 mg/kg, showed significant increasing in presence period and number commuting time on open arm, than the group who received DMSO (p<0.001). Conclusion: the hydroalcoholic extract of cuminum cyminum L. has anti-anxiety effects. Manuscript profile -
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50 - Effect of Hydroalcholic Extract 0f Trachyspermum Copticum on Anxiety in Male Rats
Zohreh Mohammadi manesh Nasrin Heidarieh Mohammad Moghadami radAnxiety is a common disorder of unknown origin associated with an unpleasant feeling .According to the anxiolytic effects Trachyspermum Copticum traditional medicine , trachyspermum Copticum effect on anxiety male Wistar rats were investigated. trachyspermum. copticum s MoreAnxiety is a common disorder of unknown origin associated with an unpleasant feeling .According to the anxiolytic effects Trachyspermum Copticum traditional medicine , trachyspermum Copticum effect on anxiety male Wistar rats were investigated. trachyspermum. copticum seed after detection by the University Herbarium, hydro-alcoholic extract was extracted by Soxhlet and the extract powder was prepared using smart legitimate. In this study, male Wistar rats (230 ± 20 g) were placed In groups intact, recipient of the DMSO (solvent extraction) (0.3 cc), received obtained in different doses of 50, 25, 15 mg/kg. All injections were performed intraperitoneally. Half an hour after injection, anxiety was measured using the elevated plus maze. Indicators of anxiety for 5 minutes, including time spent and number of entries into the open arm was recorded. Data were analyzed by ANOVA statistical tests and Tukey test (p <0.05) .The results showed that the group receiving the extract solvent (DMSO) compared to intact in time spent and number of entries into the open arm does not show a significant difference. The group receiving a dose 15 mg/kg compared to the group receiving DMSO in time spent and number of entries into the open arm showed a significant increase. C. copticum hydro-alcoholic extract anxiolytic effects in low doses. Manuscript profile -
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51 - Effect of Hydroalchoholic Extract 0f Trachyspermum Copticum on Anxiety in Male Rats
زهره محمدی منش نسرین حیدریهAnxiety is a common disorder of unknown origin is associated with an unpleasant feeling .According to the anxiolytic effects TC traditional medicine , trachyspermum Copticum effect on anxity male Wistar rats were investigated. trachyspermum copticum seed after detection MoreAnxiety is a common disorder of unknown origin is associated with an unpleasant feeling .According to the anxiolytic effects TC traditional medicine , trachyspermum Copticum effect on anxity male Wistar rats were investigated. trachyspermum copticum seed after detection by the University Herbarium, hydro-alcoholic extract was extracted by Soxhlet and the extract powder was prepared using smart legitimate. In this study, male Wistar rats (230 ± 20 g) were placed In groups intact, recipient of the DMSO (solvent extraction) (0.3 cc), received extract in different doses of 50, 25, 15 mg/kg. All injections were performed intraperitoneally. Half an hour after injection,anxity was measured using the elevated plus maze.Indicators of anxity for 5 minutes,including time spent and number of entries into the open arm was recorded. Data were analyzed by ANOVA statistical tests and Tukey test (p <0.05) .The results showed that the group receiving the extract solvent (DMSO) compared to intact in time spent and number of entries into the open arm does not show a significant difference. The group receiving a dose 15 mg/kg compared to the group receiving DMSO in time spent and number of entries into the open arm showed a significant increase. C. copticum hydro-alcoholic extract anxiolytic effects in low doses. Keywords: hydroalcoholic extract, Trachyspermum copticum, Anxiety, elevated plus maze, Male rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Effect of phytosterol and Bacillus coagulant probiotic in reducing blood cholesterol
Maryam Arjomandi far Bahareh Pakpour Rahebeh Amiri DehkharghaniTarget and background: In recent years, many studies have been conducted on high-risk factors for some blood lipids, which can lead to the development of cardiovascular diseases. The most important goal of this study is to investigate the effect of phytosterol and Bacil MoreTarget and background: In recent years, many studies have been conducted on high-risk factors for some blood lipids, which can lead to the development of cardiovascular diseases. The most important goal of this study is to investigate the effect of phytosterol and Bacillus coagulant probiotic on the reduction of blood cholesterol in adult rats. Material and Methods: 40 Male NMRI mice with a weight of 25-30g were used .The mouse were divided into 5 groups of 8, including: control group, HCD group (1% of the weight of the food consumed cholesterol diet), Experimental group 1 (daily, in addition to cholesterol diet, 0.1g of phytosterol Experimental group 2 (daily, in addition to cholesterol diet, 0.2g of Bacillus coagulant bacteria plus animal oil was gavaged), Experimental group 3 (daily, in addition to cholesterol diet, 0.1g combination of phytosterol and Bacillus coagulants probiotic were digested with germicidal oil). Sperry samples were taken from the blood samples at the end of the experiments, and cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL blood samples were measured and. Results: Cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. Conclusion: According to the above results, it can be said that phytosterol and Bacillus coagulant probiotic simultaneously decrease blood lipids, and therefore, it is recommended to use this pump. Manuscript profile -
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53 - The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of basil (Ocimum basilicum) on colonic mucosa morphometry and diarrhea caused by castor oil in male rats
Mohammad Mohammad Ali Mansouri Lotfollah Khajehpour Maliheh MohammadiObjectives: Basil (Ocimum basilicum), which has antispasmodic properties, has been introduced in traditional medicine as a suitable medicine for diarrhea and vomiting. The present study was performed to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of basil on colon hi MoreObjectives: Basil (Ocimum basilicum), which has antispasmodic properties, has been introduced in traditional medicine as a suitable medicine for diarrhea and vomiting. The present study was performed to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of basil on colon histology and severity of diarrhea in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 56 male Wistar 200±5 g rats were randomly divided into seven equal groups. Solvent group (physiological serum), diphenoxylate group (5 mg/kg), and five groups receiving basil hydroalcoholic extract in doses (100, 200, 400, 600, 800 mg/kg). One hour after taking the drugs, castor oil 2 ml per animal was fed by gavage. The animals were then kept in separate cages for 4 hours and the indicators of excretion number, weight loss percentage, fecal water content and inhibition percentage were recorded. Mice were anesthetized with ether one hour after diarrhea studies and the isolated colon tissue was evaluated microscopically. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and then Tukey test. Level P Results: Diphenoxylate gavage and extracts of 200 and 400 mg/kg, could improve diarrhea caused by castor oil. Histological studies showed that although there was no significant difference between the different groups, the amount (800 mg / kg) of the extract could increase the thickness of the colon wall to some extent. Conclusion: The results show that the hydroalcoholic extract of Ocimum basilicum has diphenoxylate-like properties in reducing the osmotic symptoms of diarrhea and the volume of water excreted, and in the short term can have little effect on colon wall thickness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - A comparative study of the effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and henna leaves (Lawsonia inermis L.) on wound healing in male Wistar rats
Fatemeh JamallouObjectives: One of the medicinal plants known in traditional medicine, henna with the scientific name Lawsonia inermis L. comes from the Lythraceae family and purslane with the scientific name Portulaca oleracea L. comes from the Portulacaceae family. According to the c MoreObjectives: One of the medicinal plants known in traditional medicine, henna with the scientific name Lawsonia inermis L. comes from the Lythraceae family and purslane with the scientific name Portulaca oleracea L. comes from the Portulacaceae family. According to the compounds present in these plants, many properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, trypsin inhibitory and antioxidant properties have been reported for them.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 24 male rats in the weight range of 200±20 grams, which were divided into 4 groups of six. Wounds 2 cm long were created on the back skin of mice: the first group was kept without treatment as a control, the second group was treated with Esrin (negative control) and the other two groups were treated with ointments made of henna and purslane with a concentration of 50% by weight. -Weight was used in the daily basis of Esrin. The area of the wound was measured daily from the second to the fourteenth day with Autocade software. The data were analyzed using SPSS software at a significance level of p<0.05.Findings: The decrease in wound area was significantly higher in all groups treated with purslane and henna. Purslane showed a better effect.Conclusion: Henna and purslane ointment can be used as effective substances in the treatment of skin wounds by significantly reducing the healing time and wound area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The effect of different energy levels of diet on blood parameters and testicular tissue in sheep
Maryam Feli Saied Mohammadzadeh Mohsen AbasiPurpose: One of the most important costs of sheep breeding is feed and the concentrated part of the ration. This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of different rates of concentrate and fodder in lambs. Materials and methods: 27 Lori Bakhtiari ma MorePurpose: One of the most important costs of sheep breeding is feed and the concentrated part of the ration. This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of different rates of concentrate and fodder in lambs. Materials and methods: 27 Lori Bakhtiari male lambs with an average age of 75 days and a weight of 26kg were selected and divided into three treatments and nine replications. Treatment one was 55:45 concentrate to fodder, second treatment was 70:30 and third treatment was 15:85 and feeding was done individually in morning and evening. After the end of the 100-day period, blood sampling was done and all the lambs were slaughtered. The testicles were removed from the scrotum and after measuring the morphometric parameters, the testicular tissue sample with dimensions of 1x1cm was prepared in 10% formalin solution and tissue sections were prepared. Findings: The results showed that the rate of concentrate and fodder made a significant difference in the macroscopic parameters of testicular tissue (P˂0.05). The weight of the testis in the treatment of three lambs decreased. In this treatment, the thickness of the coating of spermatogenic tubes, tube diameter, lumen diameter and tube area decreased. Also, the rate of hematocrit, red blood cells and hemoglobin of this treatment was significantly higher than other treatments (P˂0.05). Conclusion: increasing the percentage of concentrate more than 70% will have a negative effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The “Powerful Constitutionalist” Government in the Ideology of Malek al-Sho’ra’ Bahar
Reza Afsordeh Hamed Ameri Golestani Lena Abdolkhani Hamed MohagheghniaIran’s chaotic and critical condition as a result of war and political instability after Persian Constitutionalism made the idea of “powerful government” conspicuous. Realizing critical conditions back then, many political and intellectual elites follo MoreIran’s chaotic and critical condition as a result of war and political instability after Persian Constitutionalism made the idea of “powerful government” conspicuous. Realizing critical conditions back then, many political and intellectual elites followed the above idea, and by “enlightened absolutism” paved the way for the establishment of Reza Khan government. Malek al-Sho’ara’ Bahar was among those who proposed the above idea for the first time. In this regard, the present study aims to explore this subject using Skinner’s Hermeneutic Intentionalism. The purpose of this study is the realization of Bahar’s ideology of powerful government and its distinction with other common ideas within the last years of Qajar dynasty in that Bahar did not want to admit “powerful government” without basic principles of constitutionalism such as freedom, justice, and a powerful parliament. This study seeks to answer the following research questions: What was Bahar’s “motivation” for his tendency to the idea of “powerful government”? With regard to Bahar’s main “intention”, that is “anti-authoritarianism”, what was the difference between his perception of “powerful government” and the perception of society? As for the first hypothesis, the most important “motivation” of Bahar for tendency to the idea of “powerful government” was to fulfill “the expediency” of the country. Besides, Bahar followed the idea of “powerful constitutionalist government” with regard to the principle of constitutionalism in his intended powerful state. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - The Woman and her Social Position in the Field of Family and Society (Based on Zoya Pirzad's Works)
Solmaz Pourtaghimiuandoab Toraj AghdaieOver the past fewdecades, women writers have been able to reflect on the social, cultural, and emotional issues of woman. Among the themes that can be seen in their works are partriarchy, everyday life, loneliness and trying to find identity, and so on.zoya pirzad, one MoreOver the past fewdecades, women writers have been able to reflect on the social, cultural, and emotional issues of woman. Among the themes that can be seen in their works are partriarchy, everyday life, loneliness and trying to find identity, and so on.zoya pirzad, one of the contemporary women writers, has been able to portray woman and the world of women with a feminine thought and writing. In her works, the main and central character is a woman. A woman with all the worries and issues related to the female world. Some of the womenin pirzads works are passive and patiently bow to problems. But others are willingly trying to solve the problems of individual and social life and establish their position. In this research, the woman and her social status in the works of this author are discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - An Investigation of the Selected Linguistic Tricks (Vocabulary and Expressions), Fiction (Spatialization) and Content (Dreaming) in Short Stories by Female Writers from the 70s to the 90s
Fatemeh Ahmadi Mohammad MoradiThe study of women's storytelling and common techniques in their works has been one of the topics of interest in contemporary fiction research. However, Previous research has mainly focused on the study of women's novels, the collection of short stories by leading femal MoreThe study of women's storytelling and common techniques in their works has been one of the topics of interest in contemporary fiction research. However, Previous research has mainly focused on the study of women's novels, the collection of short stories by leading female writers has been less well-researched, especially in recent decades. Hence, a collection of short stories selected from 9 female authors in the literary awards of the 70s to 90s (three authors per decade) was selected and their short stories were analyzed according to the three linguistic tricks (words and expressions), Fiction (atmosphere) and content (dreaming). Furthermore, the evolution of such techniques have been analyzed and compared in the last three decades. The results of the study show that as we move from the 1970s to the 1990s, female writers have used feminine words and expressions less frequently in their short stories. Contrary to the linguistic course of the stories, from the perspective of creating a space, the writers of the stories of the 90s have used home spaces more than other decades (80s and 70s, respectively). In addition, among the home spaces, the most emphasis has been given to sad spaces. In terms of the content element of dreaming, the stories of the 70s differ from other decades, and in the 90s and 80s, this element had little representation in women's stories, a point that may be due to the escape from romantic concepts and a tendency towards realism in the short stories of these two decades. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Analysis of mythological themes in the three works of Abu Trab Khosravi
Pouran Adelzadeh Parvaneh Adelzadeh Kamran Pashaie FakhriMyth and its role in forming the intellectual foundation of human societies and its relationship with art and literature is not hidden from anyone. Literature is one of the factors in the life of nations and their immortality. The reflection of these ancient myths and b MoreMyth and its role in forming the intellectual foundation of human societies and its relationship with art and literature is not hidden from anyone. Literature is one of the factors in the life of nations and their immortality. The reflection of these ancient myths and beliefs of the tribes can be seen in the works of writers and poets. Abu Turab Khosravi is one of the contemporary Iranian writers whose interest in myths and sacred texts and mystical literature and mythological and mystical themes can be clearly seen in his three works. Khosravi's works have the themes of a surah with the characteristics of a postmodern novel. Concepts such as existence, word and writing, immortality, death, love, anthropology are the basic themes of his writings. This study aims to analyze the mythological themes of three novels by Abutorab Khosravi; That is, it examines "Asfar Kataban", "Rood Ravi" and "Malkan Azad". The method is descriptive-analytical and the results show that Abu Turab Khosravi creates his novels with an anthropological approach from two sources of myth and mysticism. Using the principles of elementary mythology, mystical literature and religious mythology, he has created his three works with the approach of describing the evolution of the universe and understanding the nature of man and the devil. His goals and aspirations are in the direction of human transcendence and immortality; The throwing of man into timelessness and holy times is the first and beyond history. Manuscript profile -
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60 - The talk about ethics and courtesy of love in persisn lyrical account of love especially in khosro and shirin
Soheila Mohaghegh Mahbobeh Khorasani morteza rashidiLove is a manifestation of human emotions. Logically, neither of lovers can commit themselves to loving the other one in the same way for ever. This has made philosophers consider this issue carefully. The aim of ethics of love is to not disregard morality and courtesy MoreLove is a manifestation of human emotions. Logically, neither of lovers can commit themselves to loving the other one in the same way for ever. This has made philosophers consider this issue carefully. The aim of ethics of love is to not disregard morality and courtesy of love emphasizes the attitude of lovers after falling in love. Both ethics and courtesy of love determine the success or failure of the love relationship. Our question is how lovers would interact with each other in classic lyrical account of love, compared with some of contemporary accounts of temporary love. Since love is exquisitely manifested in classic works like Khosro and Shirin, this work was selected as the source of the study. Based on Mostafa Malekian’s article, a qualitative analysis was done to read this work to find the impact of observing or ignoring morality and courtesy of love in the romance between the love characters of this story. It was concluded that ignoring ethics of love is evident in classic works and that main characters commit immorality in love so the success of their romance is put in danger. Khosro ignoring the ethics and courtesy of love, destroys their romance. Shirin, however, observes both the ethics and courtesy of love. She behaves reasonably and tries to have love and abstinence simultaneously. It is also interesting that female lovers tend to observe the ethics and courtesy of love more than male lovers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Review and analysis of the crumbs in the poems of Malek al-ShoaraBahar
Nooshin Talebzadeh Saeed HessamporComplaining is a innate part of human nature; people complaining when being dissatisfied with something. Poets also complain about their problems, but in a supreme language than the public. Complain have existed in poems of the poets since time immemorial, but in contem MoreComplaining is a innate part of human nature; people complaining when being dissatisfied with something. Poets also complain about their problems, but in a supreme language than the public. Complain have existed in poems of the poets since time immemorial, but in contemporary poetry, due to the social and political changes of this period, and a new Nimaiicstyle is more tangiblefor the audience of this generation.In view of the sensitivity of the subject and the time at issue, this issue needs to be distinguished from other topics of contemporary poetry. This article examines the complaint issue, which is one of the varieties of lyric literature, in the poetry of contemporary poet Malek al-ShoaraBahar.Describing and explaining them presents a written document of the poet's time with a complaining language for todayreader.What you read is a selection of Bahar complaints that includes his complaints about the age; with political situation being the most frequent topic, and this reflects the poet's personality and political insight Manuscript profile -
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62 - Science in the view point of Bahar and Hafez Ebrahim
zahra soleymaniBahar and Hafez ebrahim are two important poets in recent literature of iran and egipt. Their social and political participations was very importantin their histoty baise on this they called Malekl-al-shoara and the poet ofNile. In this study we try to know their view p MoreBahar and Hafez ebrahim are two important poets in recent literature of iran and egipt. Their social and political participations was very importantin their histoty baise on this they called Malekl-al-shoara and the poet ofNile. In this study we try to know their view point to their idial socity Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Kimia among Women Re-reading Kimia-Khatun to Find Historical and Gender Biases
Ataollah Koopal Niloufar KhosraviBildungstroman, or coming-of-age novel, is a genre in which the life of a character is depicted from childhood to adulthood and in the end, the callow naïve child turns into an experienced mature person with a good social position. The important features of classic MoreBildungstroman, or coming-of-age novel, is a genre in which the life of a character is depicted from childhood to adulthood and in the end, the callow naïve child turns into an experienced mature person with a good social position. The important features of classical Bildungstroman are: chronological narration, depicting the ups and downs of a child’s personal life that has a special and unique personality in comparison to other children of his age, and experiencing two kinds of love; first a superficial one then an everlasting and real one. In the twentieth century the chronological narration of Bildungstroman novel underwent some changes; moreover, women as well as other racial minorities presented their own interpretations of it. Nowadays Bildungstroman is women’s favorite genre in writing novels and they create new feminine kinds of it. What can be seen in these feminine Bildungstromans, are the differences between women and men’s lives and the process of growing up and also their different perspectives toward family and “the other”. One of these differences is “women’s loyalty to other women Manuscript profile -
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64 - Synthesis and Applicationof New Fluorescein Analogues
N. Zabarjad Shiraz M. Bayat Gh. Zarrinzadeh E. S. Shrarifzadeh -
Open Access Article
65 - Synthesis and Characterization of Polyamide Containing Maleimide Pendant Group
Amir Abdolmaleki Parvin Pashaie -
Open Access Article
66 - Investigating the Components of Cultural Ecofeminism In Fig Tree Temples
Khadijeh Bahram irahnamaEcofeminism is one of the movements which fights against any form of domination, hierarchical male / female dualism, contradictions, and conflicts between them. Eco-feminists believe that violence against the mother of nature and women, the inheritance of patriarchal cu MoreEcofeminism is one of the movements which fights against any form of domination, hierarchical male / female dualism, contradictions, and conflicts between them. Eco-feminists believe that violence against the mother of nature and women, the inheritance of patriarchal culture and many feminine variables are imposed on women by men. The negation of feminine values, men's domination and dominance, simultaneously against nature and women is one of the ecofeminist components depicted in the fig tree temples novel. Therefore, the present study, using descriptive-analytic method, has investigated on the relationship problems between women and nature, violence against nature and woman, men transcendent and humiliating women, by using ecofeminists’ opinions in the fig tree novel. The research results show that women have a close relationship with nature and have been very responsive to its destruction. Violence against nature and women by men, is portrayed greatly in this novel. Violence against the environment, including the destruction of flowers and trees, capturing of birds and animals, environmental pollution and urbanization, and the simultaneous violence against women, have manifested physical, verbal, erotic and economic vision and have caused irreparable damage to them. Nature and women have been become commodity, instrumental look and double exploitation of them both illustrate the hegemony of male / patriarchal power as well as the marginalization of women in the novel. Manuscript profile -
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67 - An analysis of the style of prison poems in contemporary Persian poetry
sadegh Ebrahimi kavariIN the name of Allah,the beneficial,merciful An analysis of the style of prison poems in contemporary Persian poetry Sadegh Ebrahimi kavari Assistant professor of the Islamic Azad university- Abadan branch Since prison poems compris a large bulk of Persian poetry, and MoreIN the name of Allah,the beneficial,merciful An analysis of the style of prison poems in contemporary Persian poetry Sadegh Ebrahimi kavari Assistant professor of the Islamic Azad university- Abadan branch Since prison poems compris a large bulk of Persian poetry, and since they show technical developments Persian poetry has undergone,a thorough study of such poems is very important. Since there are numerous prison poems in contemporary Persian literature, this study restricts itself to analysis of of the structure and the style of such poems. In addition, this study focuses on the prison poems written at the our time.To do so,we have selected poems by Malek al Shoara Bahar who is a key figure in writing such poems. The main goal of this study is to analyze the feature of this genre with an emphasis on Bahar and the contemporary persian poetry. key words: prison poems,stylistics, Malek al shoara Bahar. Sadegh Ebrahimi kavari Assistant professorof the Islamic Azad university- Abadan branch-Iran Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Manifestations of Feminist Theory in the Novel Sauvushunby Iranian Novelist SiminDaneshvar
Ali Jafar JafarSiminDaneshvar is the first Iranian femalenovelist in Persian literature and her famous novel, Savushun, gives her a place beside othersuperiorIranian writers and novelists. Female perspective in Savushun caused its eternitybecause it is the first novel that is wr MoreSiminDaneshvar is the first Iranian femalenovelist in Persian literature and her famous novel, Savushun, gives her a place beside othersuperiorIranian writers and novelists. Female perspective in Savushun caused its eternitybecause it is the first novel that is written and published by a woman. Although the woman is victim of patriarchy in Iranian novels generally, both SiminDaneshvarand her heroin Savushunare female and this approach is newin Iranian novel writing.Daneshvar tried to express feministic secrets in her heroine and in this way feministic view entered Iranian literature.As well She devoted herself to highlight women's realities through hernovel describing wonderfully some eras of Iranian history i.e. being occupied by Britain and its barraters and evolution of Iran after world warII. Simin isinspired by her own personality in the creation of the heroine and her real life and what happened to the heroine and her family is same as what happened to Iran and Iranian people. Daneshvar smashed traditional view of women inSavushun and made a great evolution in female characteristic through her heroine'srebellion. Moreover,she proved that a woman is capable of standing beside a man and hold weapon in her hand and fight in defense ofher country and nurture many warriors and soldiers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - A Comparison Between the Effect of Playing Games and Doing Aerobics on Some Body Composition Indices of the Obese Female Students
Mehdi Bostani Zeinab AlipourThe purpose of the present study is the comparative review of the effect of two exercising plans on some body composition indices of the obese female girls in Ahwaz. To this aim, 45 obese students in district 1 of the education administration of Ahwaz were purposefully MoreThe purpose of the present study is the comparative review of the effect of two exercising plans on some body composition indices of the obese female girls in Ahwaz. To this aim, 45 obese students in district 1 of the education administration of Ahwaz were purposefully chosen and then they were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 15 girls. In order to control the participants’ dietary plan, the nutrition remembrance questionnaire was used. Body composition indices including body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage in both pre-test and post-test stages were measured and registered. For inside group comparison, dependent t-test was used and for the comparison of the 3 groups, the variance analysis (ANOVA) as well as Tuckey’s Post Hoc in the significant level of 0.05 were used. The results showed that doing 8 weeks of aerobics and playing games both significantly reduced the BMI and body fat percentage but only playing games could significantly reduce the WHR (P<0.05). According to the results of the present research, it is recommended that in order to control children obesity, in addition to organized exercises, sport activities in the form of playing be used as well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - The Effect of Job Enrichment on the Glass Rock of Female Workers in the Ministry of Sport and Youth with the Intervention of Psychological Empowerment
Vali Naseri Plangerd Ahdye Sadeghi KalaniThe purpose of the present study is to review the effect of job enrichment on the glass rock with the intervention of female empowerment. This research is descriptive-correlational which has been conducted through a survey method. Statistical population of the research MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review the effect of job enrichment on the glass rock with the intervention of female empowerment. This research is descriptive-correlational which has been conducted through a survey method. Statistical population of the research involved all the women working in the ministry of sport and youth, among whom 280 staff members were chosen as the research sample. For data collection, three standardized questionnaires including Glass Rock questionnaire by Nasiri & et al., Hackman and Oldham's job enrichment questionnaire, and finally, Spritzer's questionnaire of staff psychological empowerment were used to investigate the intervention variable. The results showed that job empowerment in women makes the glass rock collapse. Coefficient factors of job empowerment by female empowerment and female empowerment by glass rock was 0.23 and -0.21 respectively. Moreover, determination coefficient factors showed that two variables if job enrichment and empowerment predict almost 0.38 of the changes of the glass rock collapse. Therefore, for optimal effectiveness in organizations, obstacles of women's improvement should be moderated and empowerment strategies should be executed in the organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - The effect of four weeks of aerobic exercise on cognitive function and expression levels of PGC1α and VEGF genes in the hippocampus of old rats
Ensieh Ahmadpour Maghsoud Peeri Mohammad Ali AzarbayjaniAging is an important risk factor for cognitive functions. On the other hand, exercise improves brain health and improves cognitive functions. However, the mechanisms of these benefits have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study was conducted with t MoreAging is an important risk factor for cognitive functions. On the other hand, exercise improves brain health and improves cognitive functions. However, the mechanisms of these benefits have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of four weeks of intermittent aerobic exercise with moderate intensity on cognitive function and the expression level of PGC1α and VEGF genes in the hippocampus of old rats. For this purpose, 20-month-old male Wistar rats were divided into 2 exercise training groups (number = 8 heads) and control (number = 8 heads). The animals of the sports group performed intermittent aerobic training with moderate intensity for 4 weeks, 5 days a week. In order to investigate learning and spatial memory, the animals were subjected to the Morris water maze test 48 hours after the last training session. Then, the animals were killed and the hippocampal tissue was extracted. Real time-PCR method was used to measure gene expression. Statistical analysis was done using independent t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient at a significant level of P£0.05. The results showed that aerobic exercise improved learning performance (P ≥ 0.05) and spatial memory (P ≥ 0.001) and the expression level of PGC1α (P ≥ 0.01) and VEGF (P ≥ 0.001) Increasing. Also, a significant positive correlation between PGC1α gene expression and VEGF gene expression in the hippocampus was observed (p≥0.001, r=0.894). In addition, there was a significant inverse relationship between VEGF gene expression and the average time spent to find the platform (p≥0.05, r=-0.578), and there was a significant positive relationship with the time spent in the quadrant of the target circle (p≥0.01, r=0.713). In general, aerobic exercise improves learning performance and spatial memory in old animals; It seems that exercise-induced upregulation of the PGC1α/VEGF signaling pathway in the brain is at least partially involved in this adaptation. Manuscript profile -
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72 - A Study of the Level of Physical Activity, General Health, and Life Quality among Female Students in the 1st Grade of High School in Māsāl Before and After Coronal Pandemic
AliReza Elmieh Human Khanbabakhani Rafat AsmailnejadThe purpose of the present study is to review the level of physical activity, general health, and life quality among female students in the 1st grade of high school in Māsāl before and after the Corona pandemic. The statistical population consisted of all female st MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review the level of physical activity, general health, and life quality among female students in the 1st grade of high school in Māsāl before and after the Corona pandemic. The statistical population consisted of all female students in the 1st grade of high school in 2021-2022. Convenience sampling method was used and 250 students were chosen based on the Morgan table. Data collection instruments of this research included Goldberg General Health Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), and Back Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data analysis was calculated by paired-sample t-test at the significance level of 0.05 by SPSS (version 22). The results showed that the average of physical activity among the students has decreased significantly since the pandemic compared to the past (p<0.01). Moreover, the average of general health and its components (physical symptoms, social function disorders, anxiety, and depression) as well as the average of life quality and its components (physical health, mental health, social relations, and environmental health) among the students has decreased significantly since the Corona pandemic (p<0.01; p<0.05). The obtained results emphasize on the significance of paying attention to the physical level, general health, and life quality of students after the Corona Period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The Image of Women in Rumi's Mathnawi
Nasrollah EmamiWomen are considered the second half of mankind’s existence. According to the Koran mankind is God's caliph on the earth and mankind regardless of their sex and race are equal. This caliphate is not explicitly and solely allocated to men. Moreover, there has been MoreWomen are considered the second half of mankind’s existence. According to the Koran mankind is God's caliph on the earth and mankind regardless of their sex and race are equal. This caliphate is not explicitly and solely allocated to men. Moreover, there has been no exclusive relationship between God and the male creatures which the female ones might have been deprived of; there is no religious ritual and rite specified to men only and women have been exempted from. Religiously speaking there has been always emphasis on the equality of men and women. Besides, in Persian mystic and Sufi texts, men have never been considered superior to women and there have even been Sufi women who along side male Sufis attained to the highest spiritual position in the tradition among whom Rabia_al-Adawiya was the most famous. Nevertheless, we often come across disapproving images of the character of women in Persian and Sufi literature. This might have been rooted in restrictions caused not by the religious instructions but mainly in the social beliefs and opinions of the time. The reflection of these social beliefs and notions in the works of Persian poets caused some misunderstandings and misjudgments about the poets themselves. This becomes worse when these reflections are pictured in various allegorical forms. In the allegories of Rumi’s Mathnawi women are depicted in such a way that might result in some misunderstanding in the mind of the reader about the poet himself. In some of his allergies, which were influenced by the his contemporary beliefs and opinions regarding women, apparently men were often considered superior to women; in these allegories women are pictured as less intelligent than men and almost in level of children in this regard. Women are also pictured as an icon of greed, gluttony, animality, and other vile characteristics while men are regarded as the symbol of wisdom and spirituality. However, Rumi’s own conception of women is different from what we see in his allegorical poems. In his allegories, Rumi has presented a realistic picture of women of his time which does not necessarily reflect the poet’s own opinions himself. For him women as wives and mothers have an important position in the society. In this essay the poet’s true conception of women will be examined. Manuscript profile -
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74 - The reflection of didactive literature in bahar’s poetries
Gholamhossein MollaeiUsing poetry in the field of education in our ancient literature has been widely popular through out the past. This variety and extension, in parlimentary era, left a good impression, in bahar’s poetries the way that the poetry book of this greatest contemporious MoreUsing poetry in the field of education in our ancient literature has been widely popular through out the past. This variety and extension, in parlimentary era, left a good impression, in bahar’s poetries the way that the poetry book of this greatest contemporious peot must be taken as didactive literature which indicates his optimism toward Iran’s future generation. He, consciously and kindly, makes use of his unique talent and ability in the field of poetry and so as to represent the inclusive moral values and concepts which have a root in Islamic culture and Iran’s ancient history in theforms of story, parable et.c to this people with respect to variety of audiences, these instructions are various and variegated and often include national and religious values. However the themes such as encouraging justice, magnanimity patriotism, seeking knowledge and being kind to creature can be considered as the center of these cermons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Allegory and Cnomic verse in Jahan Malek Khatoon’s Divan
Raviye Kord Afshari Ahmad KhatemiAllegory entails comparing one object with another one. In allegory, the poets increase their clarity through providing more extensive examples; contrarily, in Cnomic verse, the speaker merely presents a famous quote. Proverbs are the major spice of the Cnomic verse. Ho MoreAllegory entails comparing one object with another one. In allegory, the poets increase their clarity through providing more extensive examples; contrarily, in Cnomic verse, the speaker merely presents a famous quote. Proverbs are the major spice of the Cnomic verse. However, in allegory, it is not the case. With regard to three types of allegory including simile, allegory, and allegorical metaphor and allegorical story, Jahan Malek Khatoon’s (8th century) allegories were Cnomic verse and close to the allegorical metaphors. Indeed, her Cnomic verse have continued the traditional Cnomic verse in the classic school of Persian literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - science in the of Adib-ol-mamalek farahani
Mazaher Mosaffa Abbas Saadati Whatever makes the literature of constitution era excellent from the other farsi poem era belongs to the new contents a fit .the poem of Adib-ol-mamalek is the full reflection of political and social conditions of constitution period. Because of the fast c More Whatever makes the literature of constitution era excellent from the other farsi poem era belongs to the new contents a fit .the poem of Adib-ol-mamalek is the full reflection of political and social conditions of constitution period. Because of the fast changes of constitution era he is not indifferent to the political and social affairs and changes in the country. He can not be a resident of 'ivory tower'. Adib-ol-mamalek is one of the classic of this period .he tries to explain social and political contents in the form of ode - quasida -, fragment, couplet poem, multiple poem, return-tie composite-tie. In this survey for subjects such as: freedom mother country law science . have been studied in the poem of Adib-ol-mamalek. The result shows that science and knowledge words in comparison to the other words have more reflection in Adibs poetry ignorance has been blamed very much as well. Finally ignorance fighting of Adib is a good stimuli for the awareness of the public. specially when this in the form of satire facetiae so it makes people think about it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Effect of training emotional intelligence on components of social adjustment of female adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems with single parents
farzaneh Motamedi Ahmad Beh-Pajooh Mohsen Shokoohi Yekta Gholam Ali Afrooz Bagher Ghobari Ghobari-BonabThe purpose of this study was to evaluate effect emotional intelligence on components of social adjustment of adolescents with single parents in Tehran city. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group. MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate effect emotional intelligence on components of social adjustment of adolescents with single parents in Tehran city. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group. The population was all adolescents girls 13 to 16 age with emotional and behavioral problems and single parent in Tehran city in 2012-2013 (1392-93 s.c.).The sample of the study selected by a purposive sampling method and11 students in the experimental group and 12 students in the control group were among the adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems who were living in single parent families. This program was offered through workshop which consisted of 10 sessions, two hours per session. The instruments which were used in this study included Need Assessment Checklist, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and Youth Self Report (YSR); (Achenbach & Reskula, 2001), Social Adjustment subscale of California Personality Inventory (Tiegs, Clark & Thrope, 1941). The obtained data was analyzed using Repeated Measures of Analysis of Variance, which showed that emotional intelligence training program could significantly increase social adjustment in adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems in single parent families. (p<0/01). Participating in the workshop, has led to increasing the social adjustment of adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems that living in single parent. Therefore, it is concluded that emotional intelligence skills training, as basic skills of mental health, can be an effective approach in increasing social adjustment of adolescent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Effectiveness of Quality of Life Therapy on Internet Addiction, Lonliness, and Selfe-steem of Female Second Grade High School Students
samaneh rezaiee Hadi farhadiThis research intended to investigate the effects of quality of life therapy on internet addiction, lonliness and self- esteem in second grade high school students. The sample included 435 second grade high school female students in Kaashan, Iran who were selected throu MoreThis research intended to investigate the effects of quality of life therapy on internet addiction, lonliness and self- esteem in second grade high school students. The sample included 435 second grade high school female students in Kaashan, Iran who were selected through convenient sampling. 88 students who were recognized to have internet addiction were chosen, and were randomly assigned to two groups, namely, an experimental group(n-25), and a control group(n-25).The instruments were: Internet Addiction Questionnaire (Young,1996) Lonliness Questionnaire(Russel,1980), and Self Esteem Questionnaire (Eysenck,1976). Analysis of covariances was run to analyze the gathered data. The results revealed that the quality of life therapy can reduce internet addiction and lonliness and it can enhace self esteem and after one month the finding did not change, and they were stable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Effectiveness of Training Communication Skills on Self-regulated Learning of Male High School Students in Zanjan City
Mohammad saeed AhmadiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of communication skills training on self regulation learning of male students of high-schools in Zanjan city in the school year 2012-13 (1391-92s.c.). The research method was experimental with pre test - post tes MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of communication skills training on self regulation learning of male students of high-schools in Zanjan city in the school year 2012-13 (1391-92s.c.). The research method was experimental with pre test - post test with a control group. The tools used in this research were the Zimmerman & Mertinez-pons Self-regulation Learning Questionnaire (1986) and the UNISEF program for training communication skills (2004). The statistical population of the research included all of male high school students in grade one in Zanjan in school year 2012-13. From among them 60 students were selected by multi stage cluster random sampling method and assighned in to two experimental and control groups. Experimental intervention (communicative skills based on the UNICEF Training kit) was carried out in the experimental group in ten sessions, each session lasted ninety minutes once a week. The results of ANCOVA showed that the training of communication skills was effective in improvement of self regulation learning of students (P < 0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - A Review and Comparison of the Relationship between Personality Characteristics and Mental Health among Female Students in Regular
fahime rajabi abdoolhani shiraliporThe aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the relationship between personality traits and mental health among female students in regular and gifted schools in 2010 in Abadeh. The population was 480 students and the research method was a descriptive survey. For th MoreThe aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the relationship between personality traits and mental health among female students in regular and gifted schools in 2010 in Abadeh. The population was 480 students and the research method was a descriptive survey. For this purpose, 100 students from the regular and 100 students from the gifted high school were selected by using random sampling. Personality characteristics were measured by Personality Inventory for Adolescents (Eysenck, 1990), and Goldberg Mental Health Questionnaire was used to assess the mental health. Data analysis based on multivariate analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficient showed that, there were significant differences between gifted and regular students in personality characteristics of neuroticism and lying (P<0.001) and significant difference appeared between mental health and all its levels except social functioning (P<0.05). The correlation coefficient between neuroticism, aggressiveness and lying with mental health was significant in the gifted students. Also the correlation coefficient between aggressiveness and lying with mental health (r= -0.4) was significant in the regular students. The present study showed that lying and neuroticism, among regular school students were more than gifted school students. Moreover, gifted students had higher mental health in the subscales of physical symptoms and depression. So, gifted students had less anxiety/worry and a better, more effective style to solve the problems of life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - The Role of Self-efficacy, Emotional Intelligence and Parenting Styles in Anticipating Academic Achievement Motivation of High School Females
Nayere Parishany Sohrab Abdi ZarrinThe purpose of the study was to explore the role of self-efficacy, emotional intelligence and parenting styles in predicting academic achievement motivation of high school female students. The research was descriptive and correlational. The population consisted of all h MoreThe purpose of the study was to explore the role of self-efficacy, emotional intelligence and parenting styles in predicting academic achievement motivation of high school female students. The research was descriptive and correlational. The population consisted of all high school girls in Isfahan. The sample under scrutiny was 200 female high school students, chosen randomly using a cluster-multiphasic method from among 2 high schools in educational districts 4 and 5 in Isfahan. The questionnaires for self-efficacy (sherer et al, 1982), emotional intelligence (Petrides & Furnham, 2002) and academic development motivation (Vallerand & Bissonnette, 1992) were completed by the students and parenting styles (Baumrind, 1988) questionnaire was completed by their mothers. A stepwise regression analysis and a correlation test were employed in data analysis. The results showed that from individual and family factors the authoritative style, self-efficacy and emotional intelligence were significant predictores of academic development motivation (ρ<0.01). Meanwhile, authoritarian and permissive styles did not have significant predictive role in academic achievement motivation. The results, generally, show that parenting styles, self-efficacy and emotional intelligence can affect the academic performance of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Investigating the Mental Health of Female High School Students in The city of Qom
Abbas HabibzadehThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the high school students’ mental health in the city of Qom. This study was a survey research. Statistical population included all the female high school students in Qom city (15872). Statistical sample was 340 stud MoreThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the high school students’ mental health in the city of Qom. This study was a survey research. Statistical population included all the female high school students in Qom city (15872). Statistical sample was 340 students who were selected based on a random classification and multi phase cluster sampling method from districts 1, 2 and 3 of the office of education in the city of Qom. The measurement instrument was SCL-90-R (Deragotis, 1994) which was performed on a group method in different schools. Data analysis revealed that the means were higher than the test margin (0.7) for all the factors. Regarding the prevalence of psychological problems, depression factor showed a prevalence of 67 percent which was the highest and phobia factor with 21.6 percent which was the lowest. Comparing the mean psychological problems of female high school students by ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference only on depression factor and there were no significant differences in other factors. The findings in this study indicated that mental health among female high school students was not favorable. Therefore it seems necessary to provide female high school students with psychological mental health and mental hygiene. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - The Effect of Life Skills Training on Social Adjustment and Academic Performance of Adolescent Female Students
Zivar Jamali Paghale Somaye Jamali Paghale Mahnaz Jadidi Feighan Marziyeh NazaryThe aim of the present study was to determine the effect of life skills training on social adjustment and academic performance of guidance- school female students in Yazd city. The statistical research used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and contro MoreThe aim of the present study was to determine the effect of life skills training on social adjustment and academic performance of guidance- school female students in Yazd city. The statistical research used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group. The population was all guidance school female students of Yazd city in 2011-2012 (1390-91s.c.) academic year. The research sample included thirty second- grade students who were selected through multistage random sampling who were then assigned randomly into two experimental and control groups: The instruments used were California Test of Personality (Thorpe, Clarck & Tiegs, 1953) and students’ grades in the first and second semester of 2011- 2012 academic year. The life skills training included 12 sessions, each 90 minutes, on a weekly basis for training group. The results of analysis of covariance indicated that life skills training is effective on social adjustment and academic performance of adolescent female students (P < 0.001). Therefore, it is concluded that life skills training, as basic skills of mental health, can be an effective approach in increasing social adjustment and academic performance of adolescent female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Comparing the Effect of Drug Substance Abuse Prevention Method on Impulsiveness and Coping strategies in Male students
داریوش جلالی عزیزاللـه آقاباباییThis study was aimed to compare the effectiveness of drug substance abuse preventive methods via social cognitive – behavioral training, life skills training, poster presentation and delivering short message on student’s impulsiveness and coping strategies in students MoreThis study was aimed to compare the effectiveness of drug substance abuse preventive methods via social cognitive – behavioral training, life skills training, poster presentation and delivering short message on student’s impulsiveness and coping strategies in students under support by Emdad Committee. This quasi experimental study was carried on 150 students were selected from 2500 students and randomly assigned to a control group and four experimental groups. The five groups (30 person in each) completed impulsiveness (Barrat et al, 2004) and coping strategies ( Moss& Beling,1981)inventories in the pre- and post – stages. The four experimental group received the following treatments: group(1)10 session of social cognitive-behavioral training 120 minutes each, group(2) 10 sessions of life skills training 120 minutes each, group(3) presentation of 40 posters for 10 weeks, and group (4) delivering short message service for 10 weeks. The results of the analysis of MANCOVA revealed that preventive techniques were effective on impulsiveness and coping strategies (p < 0.01). Also, result of LSD revealed that the four preventive techniques were effective, with different degrees of effectiveness, on enhancement of coping strategies as well as on the reduction of impulsiveness (except poster presentation)( (p < 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - The Effect of Training Parents and Children for Proper Communication Techniques on their Conflict among Female Secondary School Students
mirhamzeh karami hossein zareThe present study aimed at investigating the effect of training parents and children for proper communication techniques on the magnitude of parent-child conflict. The research was a semi experimental, pretest- posttest with control group. The population composed of all MoreThe present study aimed at investigating the effect of training parents and children for proper communication techniques on the magnitude of parent-child conflict. The research was a semi experimental, pretest- posttest with control group. The population composed of all girls in secondary schools of Ilam in 1392 among whom 180 students were selected by simple random sampling and the Conflict Behavior Questionnaire CBQ (Prinz, 1979) was administered to them. Then 48 students who had higher conflict scores with their parents were selected and assigned to the two experimental and control groups based on simple random sampling. Then, the experimental group was separately divided into triple groups (father, mother, and the student herself) and the control group (12 subjects) was assigned for all three groups (12 subjects). Each group participated in a 8-session training course. In the end, the post-test of the same Conflict Behavior Questionnaire CBQ (Prinz, 1979) was administered to both groups. The data were analyzed by covariance statistical analysis test and the findings showed that teaching proper communication techniques to parents and children, to a great extent, is influential in decreasing the intensity of conflict between parents and children. Also, there was a significant difference between the mean of the post-test scores of experimental and control groups implying that in the experimental groups the conflict has decreased considerably. (P<0.001( Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - The Role of Codependency in Predicting Femalesâ Love Styles
Samira Motieian Maryam Ghorbani Mohsen GolparvarThis descriptive correlational research was aimed at predicting females’ love styles by codependency. The sample included 450 females who were living in the city of Esfahan and were selected by available sampling method. Participants completed Codependency Assessment Qu MoreThis descriptive correlational research was aimed at predicting females’ love styles by codependency. The sample included 450 females who were living in the city of Esfahan and were selected by available sampling method. Participants completed Codependency Assessment Questionnaire (Hughes et al, 1998) and Love Styles Scale (Hendrick& Hendrick, 1986). The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that certain love styles could be predicted through the subscales of codependency. This means that except pragma and agape, the rest four love styles namely eros, ludus, storge and mania were predictable through the subscales of codependency. According to the results, it can be said that codependency is an important variable in predicting the basic aspects of life including interpersonal relationships. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The Effectiveness of Barlow's cognitive- affective counseling on Female Sexual Frigidity Treatment in Isfahan
Anahita Soltani Fatemeh Rezaei Vida RazaviThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Barlow’s cognitive–affective counseling on the improvement of sexual frigidity on married women in Isfahan in 2014. The design of the research was quasi-experimental with pre- and post-test. The popul MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Barlow’s cognitive–affective counseling on the improvement of sexual frigidity on married women in Isfahan in 2014. The design of the research was quasi-experimental with pre- and post-test. The population included all the married women in Isfahan. A sample of 30 women, then, with the lowest score in sexual function was selected and assigned into two groups, experimental (n=15) and control (n =15) through voluntary sampling method. The research instruments consisted of Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) (Rosen et.al, 2000). The experimental group received 8 sessions of cognitive-affective counseling. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance. The results showed that the effectiveness of Barlow’s sexual cognitive-affective counseling on women’s sexual frigidity treatment was significant (P= 0.01). As a result, to improve any of the females’ sexual components, Barlow’s cognitive- affective counseling can be used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The Effectiveness of Compassion Focused Therapy on Depression and Self Criticism of Female University Students
maryam shariati najmeh Hamid Esmaeel Hashemi ShaykhShabani Kiumars beshlideh Ali MarashiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of compassion-based therapy on depression and self criticism of female students. This study employed a semi-experimental method and used a pre-test, post-test and follow up design with experimental and control groups. MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of compassion-based therapy on depression and self criticism of female students. This study employed a semi-experimental method and used a pre-test, post-test and follow up design with experimental and control groups. The population included all female students of university of Farhangian in Ahvaz in 2014 (1393-94s.c.). From among 200 students who were registered to participate in the study, 40 students who had received one standard deviation above the mean in the test of depression, were selected randomly and assigned in the experimental (20 students) and control (students) groups. The tools of this study were Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, et al, 1996) and Levels of Self-Criticism Scale (Thompson, 2004). The experimental group received 8 sessions of the compassion-based therapy. The analysis of covariance showed that compassion-based therapy decreased students’ depression and self criticism (internalizing self-criticism and comparative self-criticism). (P<0.0001). These results significantly persisted after follow-up period. It was then concluded that compassion-based therapy can be used by psychologist as a new and effective method to decrease depression and female students’ self-criticism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Predicting the Tendency to High Risk behaviors based on Religious Beliefs, Emotion Seeking, Environmental Polution and Media among Female Students
Hossein Ali mehrabi fahimeh mahmoodi Hossein MolaviThe purpose of this study was to predict the tendency of high risk behaviors based on religious beliefs, emotion seeking, environmental polution and media in female university students. The population included all female students at the University of Isfahan. Thus, in a MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict the tendency of high risk behaviors based on religious beliefs, emotion seeking, environmental polution and media in female university students. The population included all female students at the University of Isfahan. Thus, in a correlational research design, 290 students were randomly selected and were assessed by Iranian Adolescents Risk Taking Scale (IADS), the Questionnaire for Measurement Rate of Use of Media (elyasi, 1393), Emotion Seeking Scale (Zukerman), Questionnaire of Religious Beliefs (Keshavarz & et al., 1389), a researcher-made scale for environmental pollution, and the Demographic Questionnaire. Results of Pearson correlation showed that religious beliefs, emotion seeking, squalor milieu, age of testees had significant relationship with high risk behaviors. In addition results of hierarchical regression showed that from among first rank variables, doing the religious rituals, uninhibition, squalor milieu, the use of virtual and social network; and from among second rank variables parents age can predict 54.9 % of tendency to high risk behaviors in female students(p<0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - The Effectiveness of Shafiabady’s multiaxial pattern training on entrepreneurial behavior of female students in the third year of secondary school (high school)
Samira Soltanianshirazi katrin fekriThe purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Shafiabady’s multi-axial pattern of vocational choice training on the entrepreneurial behavior of female students in the third year of secondary school (high school)of Marvdasht city. The research metho MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Shafiabady’s multi-axial pattern of vocational choice training on the entrepreneurial behavior of female students in the third year of secondary school (high school)of Marvdasht city. The research methodology included two groups; post-test and pre-test quasi-experimental group and control group. The statistical population included all the students in the third year of Hajar Female High School in Marvdasht. Of all the 200 students who obtained less than 10 (bellow average) in Entrepreneurial Behavior Questionnaire (Fekri, Shafiabady, Nouranipoor, and Ahghar, 2012) 30 students were randomly selected and assigned to the two control and experimental groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 5/1 hours training based on multi-axial pattern training while the control group received no intervention. The post-test was conducted and data were analyzed by inferential statistics (analysis of covariance). The results showed that multi-axial pattern training have a positive and meaningful effect on entrepreneurial behavior and its dimensions such as decision-making, identify opportunities, structure determination, determination of sources and terms, and determination of objectives and strategies (p< 0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - The Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Academic Motivation amongst High School Female Students in Kermanshah
nasim sajjadi mohsen golmohammadian mohsen hojatkhahThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on academic motivation amongst high school female students in Kermanshah. It was a semi-experimental and pre-test, post-test design with control group. The population is all female first gra MoreThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on academic motivation amongst high school female students in Kermanshah. It was a semi-experimental and pre-test, post-test design with control group. The population is all female first grade high school students in Kermanshah in 2015. For so doing, 30 students were selected through cluster sampling method and assigned in 2 groups (experimental and control) randomly. The experimental group received schema therapy training in 8 sessions. The research instruments inculde Vallerand, Blaise, Breier & Pelletier Academic Motivation Scale (1989). The data were analyzed through MANCOVA. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of academic motivation and its components (P<0.05). Schema therapy is effective in increasing academic motivation of female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - The Effect of Hardiness Training on Quality of Life of Teacher Training Female Students
sara shokohifard najmeh hamid mansour soodaniThe aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of hardiness training on quality of life of Fatima Zahra teachers training female students in Ahwaz. The research design was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest, control group and follow-up test. The populat MoreThe aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of hardiness training on quality of life of Fatima Zahra teachers training female students in Ahwaz. The research design was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest, control group and follow-up test. The population of this study consisted of all Fatima Zahra teachers training female students in Ahwaz. The research sample included 60 students who participated voluntarily and were placed in the experimental and control groups. The instrument was a 26 items Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF, 1994). The experimental group received hardiness training for 9 sessions of 90 minutes each but the control group did not receive any intervention. After completing the training program, the post-test and follow-up test were carried out on both groups one month later. The results multiple covariance analyses revealed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in quality of life and the experimental group means were higher in the post- test and follow-up (P < 0.0001 ). Generally, the hardiness training has increased the quality of life of students in the post-test and follow up. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Effectivenes of Cognitive Group Counseling on Responsibility of pre-university Female Students in Gotvand City
Jalal Karami Ahmad Mirjafari Saeed BakhtiyarpourThis study examined the effect of cognitive group counseling on responsibility of pre-university female students in Gotvand city in 2009-10. The population was female students in Pre- University in Gotvand. The sample consisted of 60 students they were randomly ass MoreThis study examined the effect of cognitive group counseling on responsibility of pre-university female students in Gotvand city in 2009-10. The population was female students in Pre- University in Gotvand. The sample consisted of 60 students they were randomly assigned to an experimental (n=30) and a control group (n=30). The design of this study was of the pretest-posttest-follow-up (1 month) with control group . California Personality Inventory (Gough, 1987) was used in order to collect the data. Experimental group received cognitive group counseling in 8 sessions, each one-half an hour. The results of analysis of covariance showed that cognitive group counseling was effective in increasing responsibility among pre- university female students in Gotvand city (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Predicting Social Adjustment and Social Desirability Based on Attachment Styles among Female 10-12 year-old Elementary Students in Tehran
elham ghorbanian hadi mohammdlo mehdi khanbani mojtaba yousefi kiaThis study aimed at predicting social adjustment and social desirability based on attachment styles among 10-12 year-old elementary students. The research design was correlational. The population included all 10-12 year-old elementary school female students in Tehran in MoreThis study aimed at predicting social adjustment and social desirability based on attachment styles among 10-12 year-old elementary students. The research design was correlational. The population included all 10-12 year-old elementary school female students in Tehran in 1393. In so doing, 205 students were selected through multi-stage random cluster sampling. The instruments were Attachment Scale in Middle Childhood Questionnaire (Ronaghi & et al, 1392), Matson Evaluation of Social Skills (1983) and Social Acceptance Test (Ford & Robin, 1970) in children. Data were analyzed by simultaneous regression analysis. The results showed that attachment styles could predict social adjustment and social desirability of students significantly (P˂0.05), (P˂0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Predicting Self-Efficacy of Female High School Students Based on their Motherâs Personality Traits
esmat danesh Nersanga nikoomanesh mina shamshiri nargess salimi niaThe aim of this study was to predict self-efficacy of girls based on personality traits of their mothers. Method of study was correlational. The sample consisted of 351 females who were selected by random clustered sampling from high school students in Alborz province. MoreThe aim of this study was to predict self-efficacy of girls based on personality traits of their mothers. Method of study was correlational. The sample consisted of 351 females who were selected by random clustered sampling from high school students in Alborz province. Research instruments were the NEO Personality Inventory (MacCrae and Costa, 1985) and Self-efficacy Scale (Sherer at.al, 1982). The result showed that conscientiousness of mothers was the only predictive variable which could predict daughters' self-efficacy. Regression coefficient of self-efficacy (&beta=0.226) showed a positive relationship between mothers conscientiousness with their daughters self-efficacy (P < 0.002). Also the average score of girls with regression coefficient (&beta=0.330) represented a significant and positive correlation and their self-efficacy (P < 0.0001), and maternal age with regression coefficient (&beta=-0.105) indicated a significant and negative correlation with daughters’ self- efficacy (P < 0.37). Therefore, considering the effect of both mothers’ role of responsibility and low maternal age gap with daughters on the self-efficacy of their daughters, it is necessary to increase self-efficacy of daughters by enriching the responsibility resources of mothers and encouraging mothers to have children at young age. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Comparing the Effectiveness of Training Kohlbergâs Hypothetical Dilemmas, Training the Real Life Dilemmas, and Training Positive Emotion Induction on Moral Decision Making
توران علیزاده شعله امیری محمد طاهر نشاط دوست هوشنگ طالبیThe aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of training Kohlberg’s dilemmas procedures, real life dilemmas, and positive emotion induction on moral decision making. This was a pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental study with control group. The sample cons MoreThe aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of training Kohlberg’s dilemmas procedures, real life dilemmas, and positive emotion induction on moral decision making. This was a pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental study with control group. The sample consisted of 120. female students selected via multistep cluster sampling method, who were randomly, assigned into four groups. The experimental groups received Kohlberg’s dilemmas and real life dilemmas during 8 sessions, 70 minutes each, one group was induced by positive emotion and the control group was left untreated. All the participants completed the daily moral decision making task (Starke et.l, 2011) as the pre-test, post-test and the follow up. Adopting MANCOVA and ANCOVA for data analysis, the findings showed that, training groups and induction positive emotion were effective in moral decision making (P < 0.05). The follow up L.S.D test showed that although all intervention methods were effective in moral decision making (P=0.01), none of the interventions had significant difference with each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Predicting Physical Activity Level of Female College Students based upon Sources of Perceived Social Support
Daryoush Khajavi Nasrin ShahbaziThe purpose of this descriptive research was to examine the relationship between sources of social support and physical activity (PA) level among female college students. The population was 4029 female students at Arak University in 2013 from which 380 subjects were sel MoreThe purpose of this descriptive research was to examine the relationship between sources of social support and physical activity (PA) level among female college students. The population was 4029 female students at Arak University in 2013 from which 380 subjects were selected randomly. The data was collected using the following questioners: Demographic Characteristics, International Physical Activity – Short Form(Ainsworth & et al, 2000), and Multi dimensional Social Support Scale (Zimet & et al, 1988). Results on regression analysis revealed while there was a significant positive relationship between two sources of social support (friends and others) with PA, the relationship between friend's social support and PA was greater (r=0.123, P≤0.05). According to the research findings, friend's social support was the only predictor of PA among female college students (P≤0.05) and justified 12% of variance in PA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Compare Attachment style, Alexithymia and Sexual Function in the Male Patients with Tension Headache and Healthy Subjects
shahnaz khaleghipour Hamed PirfarzamThis study aimed to determine compare attachment styles, alexithymia, and sexual function in the patients with tension headache and healthy individuals. This study was a comparative research. The study population consisted of male patients with tension headache, who wer MoreThis study aimed to determine compare attachment styles, alexithymia, and sexual function in the patients with tension headache and healthy individuals. This study was a comparative research. The study population consisted of male patients with tension headache, who were referred to the Neurology Clinic of Karaj City as well as their non-patient relatives who had the inclusion criteria. Using the convenience sampling, 62 patients with tension headache and 62 controls were chosen. In order to collect information, a questionnaire of alexithymia (Toronto)(1994), attachment styles (Collins and Reid) (1990),International Index of Erectile Function (Rosen, Riley, Wagner, Osterloh, Kirkpatrick, Mishra,)(1997) was used. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis of variance. The results showed there was a significant difference between the components attachment styles (secure and avoidant).alexithymia (lack of sentimentality and externally oriented thinking) and sexual function (erectile function, orgasmic performance, libido) between the patients with tension headache and healthy subjects (P<0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - The effect of working memory and metacognition training on academic function of female students with mathematics learning disabilities
نغمه خدامی احمد عابدی سید حمید آتش پورThis study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the effect of instruction of working memory and instruction of metacognition on academic performance among female students with mathematics learning disabilities. The research was experimental and the statistical popula MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the effect of instruction of working memory and instruction of metacognition on academic performance among female students with mathematics learning disabilities. The research was experimental and the statistical population included third grade female students with learning mathematics disabilities, among them 30 students were selected via cluster multistage random sampling and then divided into experimental groups (instruction of working memory and metacognition) and control group in a random way. The assessment tools included Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Shahim, 1364), Iran Keymath Test (Mohammad Esmaeil & Human, 1381) and Mathematics Academic Performance Test (Farahani, 1386). The data were analyzed through covariance analysis. The results showed that working memory instruction and metacognitive instruction are effective on the mathematics academic performance of the students with mathematics learning disabilities (P 0/05). The effect of working memory Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Comparison of Effectiveness of Problem-Solving Skills and Emotional Intelligence Training on Decreasing Aggression in male High School Students
Seyed Ali Reza Ganjeh Mahdi Dehestani Ali Zadeh MohammadiThis research compared the effectiveness of problem solving and emotional intelligence skills training on the reduction of aggression among high school male students. The research method was a pretest and posttest quasi-experimental design. The population was Qarchak MoreThis research compared the effectiveness of problem solving and emotional intelligence skills training on the reduction of aggression among high school male students. The research method was a pretest and posttest quasi-experimental design. The population was Qarchak high school students in the 2011-12 (1390-91S.C.) academic year and the samples were selected by cluster sampling method, including 45 male students with high aggression by Aggression Questionnaire (Buss and Perry, 1992). Based on experimental design, students were assigned to two experimental groups, each received six sessions of two- hours each training, either problem solving or emotional intelligence skills and a third group, the control group did not receive training. The t and co-variance test analysis of the pre and post-test data revealed that both problem solving and emotional intelligence skills training were significantly related to the reduction of aggressive behavior (P > 0.05). There were also significant differences between the two types of training together. Also, aggression subsets of the groups were compared and result of the pre- and post-test data revealed that deference between both training methods were significant (P > 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - The Role of Mothers' Marital Satisfaction on Predicting Anxiety and Self- Concept of Female Adolescents
Mohammad Ehsan Taghizadeh Narges MohammadiThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of mothers' marital satisfaction on the prediction of self-concept and anxiety of female adolescents. The study was a descriptive and correlation research. The population of the study consisted of all female student MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of mothers' marital satisfaction on the prediction of self-concept and anxiety of female adolescents. The study was a descriptive and correlation research. The population of the study consisted of all female students in the third grade of guidance schools of Tehran in the academic year 2011-2012 (1390-91s.c.). 144 students of fourth education region in Tehran were selected through cluster random sampling. Research instruments included Cattell's Anxiety Questionnaire (1960), Carl Rogers’ Self-concept Questionnaire (1957) and short form of ENRICH Marital inventory (Olson, 1989).The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The results of the study indicated that mothers' marital satisfaction, communication, conflict resolution and idealistic distortion can predict anxiety in female adolescents (P < 0.05). Also, mothers' marital satisfaction (P < 0.01), communication (P < 0.05), conflict resolution (P < 0.05), and idealistic distortion (P < 0.01) can predict self-concept in female adolescents. Moreover, subscales of Marital satisfaction can predict 25% of variation in anxiety and 33% of variation in self-concept of female adolescents (P < 0.01). In sum, the results of the study indicate that mothers' marital satisfaction has a role in predicting anxiety and self-concept of female adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - The Effect of Academic Self-Efficacy and Metacognition on Test Anxiety and Academic Help-Seeking Behavior in 3rd Grade High School Boys
sharif mombeyni gholamhoseyn maktabi naser behroziThe aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of academic self-efficacy and metacognition on test anxiety and help-seeking behavior in 3rd grade high school boys in Ahvaz. The population included the male high school students in the 3rd grade during 2013 MoreThe aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of academic self-efficacy and metacognition on test anxiety and help-seeking behavior in 3rd grade high school boys in Ahvaz. The population included the male high school students in the 3rd grade during 2013 academic year 2013-14, 330 students were selected by multistage random sampling method as the sample. Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (Midgley et al. 2000) State Metacognition Inventory (O,Neil & Abedi 1997), Ahvaz Test Anxiety questionnaire (1996) and Help-Seeking Behavior questionnaire (Ryan & Pintrich, 1997) were used to measure variables under study. Multiple regressions were used for data analysis. Results indicated that there is no significant relationship between self-efficacy and metacognition with test anxiety, while self-efficacy and metacognition had significant relationship with help-seeking behavior (P < 0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - The moderating role of depression and procrastination in the effects of self-compassion on adaptive social functioning in high school students
reza golpoor morteza tarkhanThe main purpose of this research was to study the moderating role of depression and procrastination in the effects OF self-compassion on adaptive social functioning in high school students. The research method was descriptive correlational and the sample of the researc MoreThe main purpose of this research was to study the moderating role of depression and procrastination in the effects OF self-compassion on adaptive social functioning in high school students. The research method was descriptive correlational and the sample of the research included 288High school boy students of Nowshahr City who were selected by Multistage cluster sampling method. In this research a set of questionnaires were used namely, Inventory of self compassion, depression, procrastination and adaptive and social performance. The results showed that Self-compassion was not significant effect on social-adaptive performance. Depression was a significant effect on social-adaptive performance and procrastination was a significant effect on social-adaptive performance(P≤0.01). Results of hierarchical regression showed that Depression and procrastination had a moderating role in the effect of self-compassion on social-adaptive performance. So it can be expressed that by reducing symptoms of depression and procrastination can be improve adaptive social performance in students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - The Effect of Seligman self-actualization intervention on social competence in high school student girls with social anxiety disorder in city of Najafabad
Parisa Shahsavari Maryam EsmaeiliThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of Seligman self-actualization intervention on social competence of high school female student with social anxiety disorder in city of Najafabad. Research. The design was semi-experimental pretest-posttest with control g MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of Seligman self-actualization intervention on social competence of high school female student with social anxiety disorder in city of Najafabad. Research. The design was semi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population was all of the high school girls with social anxiety disorder in Najaf Abad city that were referred to Roshd Center in year 2016. 30 subjects were randomly selected and assigned to 2 groups (experimental and control, each group 15 subjects). The instruments consisted of Social Competence Questionnare of Parandin (1385). The experimental group received Seligman self-actualization intervention in 8 sessions twice a week, and the control group was waiting. The results of analysis of covariznce showed that Seligman self-actualization intervention was effective in inhancing social competence of high school students (p<0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Investigating Construct Validity of Emotional Working Memory via the Cognitive–Emotional-Social Working Memory Training Package in 5th Grade Female Elementary School Students in Tehran
mozhgan hassani mohammad ali nadi ilnaz sajjadianThis study aimed to investigate construct validity of emotional working memory via the cognitive–emotional-social working memory training package in 5th grade female elementary school students in Tehran. The research employed a pretest-posttest and follow-up semi- MoreThis study aimed to investigate construct validity of emotional working memory via the cognitive–emotional-social working memory training package in 5th grade female elementary school students in Tehran. The research employed a pretest-posttest and follow-up semi-experimental research design with the control group. The statistical population consisted of all 5th grade female students of Tehran during the academic year 2015-2016. Those students with working memory impairment were selected via multi-stage cluster random sampling using the Wechsler Software Working Memory Scale. Then, from among them, 40 students were randomly selected and divided into two 20-participant experimental and control groups. The cognitive-emotional-social working memory training was performed in 20 sessions for the experimental group. Before and after the intervention and two months later (follow up), participants answered to the Wechsler Software Working Memory Scale (Khodadadi, Mashhadi and Amani, 2009) and emotional working memory (Ladouceur, Silk, Dahl, Ostapenko, Kronhaus, & Phillips, 2009). The research data were analyzed using ANCOVA. According to the results of the study, the cognitive-emotional-social working memory training significantly improved the attention performance and emotional working memory (P > 0.01). As a result, emotional working memory enjoys acceptable construct validity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - The Effect of Training Compassion Focused Therapy on Self-Concept and Assertiveness amongst High School Female Students
Hadiseh Ghafarian Felor KhayatanThis study aimed to investigate the effect of training compassion focused therapy on self-concept and assertiveness in female students in Isfahan. The method used in this study was semi-experimental, of the sort of pretest and post-test with control group and the statis MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effect of training compassion focused therapy on self-concept and assertiveness in female students in Isfahan. The method used in this study was semi-experimental, of the sort of pretest and post-test with control group and the statistical population were all the female students of 13 to 16 from the year 1394 to 1395. To accomplish the research, 30 female first grade high school students were chosen by accessible sampling method and randomly assigned to experiment (15 persons) and control (15 persons) groups. The experimental group received 8 training compassion focused therapy sessions. Participants responded to Self-Concept Inventory (Rogers, 1975) and Assertiveness Inventory (Rathus, 1973) before and after the intervention, and one month later (follow-up). The results of the analysis of covariance showed that teaching compassion focused therapy had no effect on self-concept of the female students but had a significant effect on assertiveness (p<0.05). This result did not continue in the follow-up period. Due to the results of this study, it could be said that training compassion focused therapy leads to the enhancement of assertiveness of the female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - prediction smoking cigarette due to variables, parenting and life style in male student in Islamic azad university of khomeinishahr
hadi barati Fateme Rezaei Habialah KarimzadehThe purpose of this research was to forecast of tendency to smoking cigarette in male student with variables, parenting and life style boy students in Islamic Azad University of khomeinishahr. research design Correlational was predictable. The population consisted of al MoreThe purpose of this research was to forecast of tendency to smoking cigarette in male student with variables, parenting and life style boy students in Islamic Azad University of khomeinishahr. research design Correlational was predictable. The population consisted of all male students of Islamic Azad University of khomeinishahr in the summer of 1394 were among which number 357 were available for sampling. Research tools include: scale of attitud towards smoking cigarette (Shore، 2000), questionnaire of life style (Miller and smiths، 1988), questionnaire of parenting (Bamrind، 1972) were used by means of step by step regression resu lts were analized. the final step of analysis Stepwise regression the showed that destroyed components of parenting styles, permissiveness practices and authoritarian positively forecast and logical manner negative relationship have a significant. And of the lifestyle, the style predictions significant negative economic and beliefs and culture has a significant positive prediction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - The Effectiveness of Educational Intelligence Training Based on Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Theory on Emotional Intelligence and Creativity in Isfahan female Students
khatereh bozorgmehri bozarjomehri fariba hafezi parviz askary Behnam Makvandi Reza PashaThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of educational method of intelligence education based on Gardner multiple intelligence theory on emotional intelligence, creativity of female students. The research method was semi experimental with pretest de MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of educational method of intelligence education based on Gardner multiple intelligence theory on emotional intelligence, creativity of female students. The research method was semi experimental with pretest design and control group. The statistical population consisted of all 5th and 6th grade students in Isfahan city in the academic year of 1391-97. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling. Therefore, 30 students of a school were selected and assigned to experimental and control groups (each group was 15). The research data were collected using bar-on emotional intelligence and Abdi’s creativity and analyzed using single-variable and multivariate covariance analysis. The results of the study showed that the intelligence approach based on Gardner multiple intelligence theory improved emotional intelligence (interpersonal relationships, p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - The effect of assertiveness training on quality of life and differentiation of dormitory female university students
fateme poursadegh simindokht rezakhaniThe purpose of this research was to determine the effect of assertiveness training on quality of life and differentiation in the female students of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen, who lived in dormitory. It was a quasi-experimental research involving pre- and post- MoreThe purpose of this research was to determine the effect of assertiveness training on quality of life and differentiation in the female students of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen, who lived in dormitory. It was a quasi-experimental research involving pre- and post-testing. The statistical population consisted of all female students who lived in the dormitory of Islamic Azad University of Roudehen during the second semester of academic year 2014-15. Thirtyfemale students who received low scores in The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) scale (Ware & Sherburne,1992) and the Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised (DSI-R) (Skowron& Friedlander,1998) were selected via convenience sampling and then were randomly placed into two equal-size groups: the experimental and the control group. The experimental group was trained on assertiveness as an independent variable in eight hour-long sessions (twice a week). The results of multivariate analysis of covarianceshowed that assertivenesstraining significantly affected quality of life and differentiation in the members of the experimental group. In other words, quality of life and differentiation were found out to be higher among the students who received assertiveness training in comparison to the ones who did not (p<0/01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - The predictive roles of emotional schemas and difficulties in emotion regulation in high-risk behaviors among female university students
Arezou Asghari Hanieh MianabadiThe aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of emotional schemas and difficulties in emotion regulation in high-risk behaviors among university students. The research method was descriptive and correlational, and statistical population included all stud MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of emotional schemas and difficulties in emotion regulation in high-risk behaviors among university students. The research method was descriptive and correlational, and statistical population included all students from Kosar University of Bojnord. The Sample of 325 (female) students were selected by random cluster sampling. Research tools were the Young’s Risk Behavior Scale (YRBS; Brener et al, 1995), Emotional Schemas Scale (LESS; Leahy, 2002) and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004). To analyze the data, methods of descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression were employed. Findings indicated that some components of Emotional Schemas like, Emotional Self-awareness, Consensus, and Acceptance of feelings were negatively and Comprehensibility, Rumination, Guilt, and blame were positively associated with high-risk behaviors. In addition, some factors of difficulties in emotion regulation such as, Difficulties Engaging in Goal-Directed Behavior, Impulse Control Difficulties, Lack of Emotional Awareness, Limited Access to Emotion Regulation Strategies, and Lack of Emotional Clarity were predicted high-risk behaviors. Findings of present study showed that failure in the perception and dysregulation of emotions may susceptible a person to experience emotional distress which probably high risk behaviors was chosen as a mean to relieve negative emotions. Findings of present study showed that Failure in the perception and dysregulation of emotions may susceptible a person to experience emotional distress which probably high risk behaviors was chosen as a mean to relieve negative emotions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - The Effectiveness of Communication Skills Training on Perceived Competence and Happiness of Male Students in the Sixth Grade of Elementary School in Shiraz
Neda Sabzi Mahbobeh Foulad ChangThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of communication skills training on perceived competence and happiness of sixth grade male elementary students. This research was a quasi-experimental in which pretest-posttest with control groups was used. MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of communication skills training on perceived competence and happiness of sixth grade male elementary students. This research was a quasi-experimental in which pretest-posttest with control groups was used. Statistical population consisted of all male students of the sixth grade of elementary schools in Shiraz in academic year 94-95. By using available sampling, 30 students who gained lower scores on Perceived Competence Scale (Harter, 1982) and Happiness Questionnaire (Hills & Argyle, 2002) were selected and randomly assigned to an experimental (15 students) and a control (15 students) group. The experimental group received communication skills training in 10 sessions (90 minutes each). Then, the posttest was administered for both groups. Covariance analysis indicated that there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups in perceived competence, its dimensions and happiness and the mean scores of the experimental group were higher than the control group (P≤0/01). Therefore, communication skills training is effective in increasing perceived competence and happiness of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The effectiveness of life skills training on the psychological hardiness and spiritual well-beingof high school female students
hosein matin sedigheh ahmadiThis research sheds light on the effectiveness of life skills training on psychological hardiness and spiritual well-beingof high school girl students. The statistical population of this study was 2nd grade high school female students (12th district of Tehran) of 95-96. MoreThis research sheds light on the effectiveness of life skills training on psychological hardiness and spiritual well-beingof high school girl students. The statistical population of this study was 2nd grade high school female students (12th district of Tehran) of 95-96. 90 students were selected using cluster sampling method and responded to Kobasa's(1979) Psychological Hardiness Questionnaire and Pulotzin and Ellison's (1982) Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire. 24 students who scored lower in these questionnaires were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control group.The experimental group was trained in 8 sessions of 90 minutes.The research design was a semi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test with control group. By finishing the experimental plan, a post test was taken from two groups and was followed after two months. The results of analysis of covariance showed that life skills training increases psychological hardiness (p<0/001)and spiritual well-being (p<0/001)‚ of high school girl students.Following up the grades ofexperimentalgroup after two months indicated sustainment of intervention effect on both groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Presenting a structural model of the effect of family emotional atmosphere on high-risk behaviors with mediation of resilience and emotion regulation in high school male students
saeideh kohansal nalkiashari Samereh Asadi Majreh bahman AkbariThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of family emotional atmosphere on high-risk behaviors with mediation of resilience and emotion regulation. The method of this research was descriptive in terms of applied purpose and descriptive-correlational MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of family emotional atmosphere on high-risk behaviors with mediation of resilience and emotion regulation. The method of this research was descriptive in terms of applied purpose and descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study was 850 students of all secondary school students in Langarod city in the academic year 1399-1400, of which 265 statistical samples were selected by multi-stage random-cluster sampling. The Family Emotional Atmosphere Questionnaire (Hill Burn, 1964), Iranian Adolescents' Risk Scale (Zad Mohammadi & Ahmadabadi, 2008), Resilience Scale (Conner & Davidson, 2003) and Emotion Regulation (Gross & John, 2002). Structural equation modeling and Amos24 software were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that the emotional atmosphere of the family has a positive and direct effect on resilience (p <0.01), Emotion regulation (p <0.05) Resilience and emotion regulation (p <0.001) have a direct and negative effect on high-risk behaviors. as well as indirect effect of family emotional atmosphere whit medition of resilience and emotion regulation on high-risk behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Comparison of the Effect of Teaching Self-Regulation, Neuro –Verbal Planning (NLP), and Combinatorial Strategies on Academic Motivation of Male and Female High School Students in Hamadan Province
Shahriar Moradi nasrola efani Arezou Delfan BeiranvandThis study was set out to compare the effect of teaching Self-Regulation, Neuro Verbalplanning, and combinational strategies on academic motivation of male and female high school students. This study was quasi-experimental and non–equivalent control group design w MoreThis study was set out to compare the effect of teaching Self-Regulation, Neuro Verbalplanning, and combinational strategies on academic motivation of male and female high school students. This study was quasi-experimental and non–equivalent control group design was used. The statistical population included all male and female high school students in Hamadan province from which 161 people were selected randomly through multi-level cluster sampling and divided in six experimental and two control groups by random substitution sampling. Then, the experimental groups were received teaching Self-Regulation, Neuro -Verbalplanning (NLP), and Consolidated Strategies in 10 sessions. But, control group didn't receive teaching in these fields. The instrument also included Hermann’s Achievement Motivation Questionnaire. To analyze the data, Covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and LSD were used. The results indicated that there is a difference between the effectiveness of Teaching Self-Regulation, Neuro - Verbal planning (NLP), and combinational strategies on Academic Motivation. Also, the results indicated that combinational (p < 0/005), self-regulation (p < 0/005), and NLP (p < 0/005)strategies had the more effects on Academic motivation of the students respectively. The results indicated that the effectiveness of combinational and self-regulation strategies on academic motivation of male high school students was higher than female high school students, But, no significant difference was found in the effectiveness of neuro-verbal planning on academic motivation of male and female high school students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - The Effectiveness of Meta-Cognitive Therapy on Cognitive Attention Syndrome in Female Students with Social Anxiety Disorder
khodamorad momeni farnaz radmehrThe aim of this study assessment the effectiveness of meta-cognitive therapy on cognitive attention syndrome in female students with social anxiety disorder. The statistical population of this study was all female students with social anxiety disorder at Kermanshah Univ MoreThe aim of this study assessment the effectiveness of meta-cognitive therapy on cognitive attention syndrome in female students with social anxiety disorder. The statistical population of this study was all female students with social anxiety disorder at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences 2018-19. The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group design. The research sample consisted of 30 individuals that were randomly assigned into two groups of 15 experimental and control groups. The tools used were the Social Anxiety (Connor et al., 2000), Back Depression-II (Beck et al., 1996) and Cognitive Attention Syndrome (Wells et al., 2009) questionnaires. The experimentation group was for 8 sessions, an hour, as a group, underwent meta-cognitive therapy intervention but the control group receive no any intervention. The crude data analysis using SPSS-21 software and descriptive and inferential tests, Univariate covariance analysis were performed. The findings showed that in the experimental group, a significant decrease in cognitive/ attention syndrome was observed after the intervention (P<0.001). These results were maintained during the follow-up stage (P<0.01). According to the results obtained, and the continuation of its effect, the use of meta-cognitive therapy is recommended to reduce the rate of cognitive / attention syndrome in patients with social anxiety disorder Results showed in the experimental group a significant decrease in cognitive / attentional syndrome after intervention (P <0.001). These results were also maintained at follow-up (P <0.01). Based on the results, and the continuing effect, the use of meta-cognitive therapy to reduce the rate of cognitive / attention syndrome in patients with social anxiety disorder is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - The effect of solution –focused group counseling on academic buoyancy of high-school female students in Najaf Abad city in the academic year of 2015-2016 (1394-95s.c.)
halimeh sadeghi kiiumars farahbakhshThe purpose of this research was to study the effect of "solution-focused" group counseling on academic buoyancy of high-school female students. The research method was semi-experimental (two groups with pre-test and post-test). The statistical population included MoreThe purpose of this research was to study the effect of "solution-focused" group counseling on academic buoyancy of high-school female students. The research method was semi-experimental (two groups with pre-test and post-test). The statistical population included all high school female students in the academic year of 2015-2016 (1394-95s.c.) in Najaf Abad City. Therefore, 34 students were chosen by using random cluster sampling and randomly assigned into 2 groups (17 control group and 17 experimental group). The experimental group participated in 6-sessions, 90 minute each of, "solution-focused" group counseling program. The assessment instruments included the "SBI"(Student Buoyancy Instrument) Questionnaire (Comerford, Batteson, & Tormey, 2015) that translated and normalized by the researcher. The data of the research were analyzed by using analyses of Covariance. The results showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of academic buoyancy (p=0/032), and all of its factors (p<0.001). This results indicated that solution-focused group counseling increased academic buoyancy and all of its factors. Therefore, changing students' perspectives, focusing more on solutions and choosing useful and effective solutions provide suitable ground for increasing students’ capacity to successfully overcome setback and challenge that is typical of the ordinary course of everyday academic life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Investigation of the effect of school cohesion on bullying with the mediation of parenting styles in secondary high school male students
Ezzatollah ghaampour Masood Sadeghi samira ghare veysi Majid SoleimaniThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of school cohesion on bullying with the mediation of parenting styles. The research method is descriptive and of correlational type. All secondary high school male students in Sanandaj at the number of 7618, who st MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of school cohesion on bullying with the mediation of parenting styles. The research method is descriptive and of correlational type. All secondary high school male students in Sanandaj at the number of 7618, who studied in the first semester of the 2018-2019 academic years formed a statistical population of the study, among which 366 students accidentally entered the sample in several stages. The research tools included Espelage & Holt's bullying scale (2001), school cohesion scale of Springer et al. (2009) and Bumrind’s parenting styles questionnaire (1972). The statistical method used was multiple regression analysis and path analysis. According to the findings, the direct effect of school cohesion on victimization, bullying, powerful parenting style and authoritarian parenting style (P <0.01) was significant. The indirect effect of school cohesion on victimization mediated by authoritarian parenting style was significant (P <0.05). The indirect effect of school cohesion on bullying mediated by powerful and authoritarian parenting styles was significant (P <0.05). The results show the importance of school and parenting styles in controlling passive and active behaviors in bullying. Therefore, bullying can be reduced by teaching parents how to use the right parenting style and teaching teachers how to increase their interest and attract students to school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Comparison the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and cognitive- behavior therapy on Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder, Sexual Intimacy and Sexual Self- Concept of Women
Maryam Mohagheghian Mohammad Bagher Kajbaf Alireza MaredpourThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavior therapy on female sexual interest/arousal disorder, sexual intimacy and sexual self- concept of married women referring to counseling centers in Isfa MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavior therapy on female sexual interest/arousal disorder, sexual intimacy and sexual self- concept of married women referring to counseling centers in Isfahan city. This was a quasi-experimental design with pretest, posttest, three months follow up and control group. The population included married women with sexual interest arousal problems who responded to calls from counseling centers. 45 Samples were selected with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-fifth edition criteria and female sexual function questionnaire scores. Subjects were randomly assigned in two experimental groups and control group. The experimental groups received 8 sessions 90 minutes weekly intervention. The instruments used in this study included Rosen Female Sexual Function Questionnaire, Botlani Sexual Intimacy Questionnaire and Snell Sexual Self- Concept Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by analysis of covariance with repeated measures. The results showed that both treatment approaches had a significant effect on all three variables. (P>0.05). And there was no significant difference between the two treatment approaches. Thus, both therapeutic interventions can be used to improve sexual desire / arousal disorders and increase sexual intimacy and sexual self-concept. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Investigating the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Affective Skills Training on Reduction of Violent Behaviors Tendency among Male High School Students
Arezou delfan beiranvand rasool kordnoghabi Shahriar MoradiThis study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-emotional skills on the decrease of high school student' tendency to aggressive behaviors. The design of the study was experimental using a pre-test and post-test method with a control group. The population of MoreThis study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-emotional skills on the decrease of high school student' tendency to aggressive behaviors. The design of the study was experimental using a pre-test and post-test method with a control group. The population of the study included male students of Hamedan and Tehran studying in 1391-1392. The sampling in the first step was done through multi-level cluster sampling and in the second step, random substitution was used. Also, to increase the assurance coefficient to control the examinees subsidence, twenty students were considered in each group and were assigned to 4 groups by random substitution sampling. Firstly, the Interpersonal Aggressive Questionnaire was administered to the students. Then, 80 students (40 students in each province) were chosen from among those who were upper than the cut point and were randomly assigned to the control and experimental group. The cognitive-emotional skills program were each performed in 10 sessions (each group session took 90 minutes). The tools used in this research were Interpersonal Aggressive Scales (Straus, 1979), Emotional intelligence questionnaire (Bar-On, 1997), Affective control scale (Williams, Chambless, & Ahrens, 1997), and the second version of Rahim organizational conflict scale (Rahim, 1997). The results of Covariance analysis (ANCOVA) indicated that teaching the cognitive-emotional skills to high school students Makes Increase self-awareness skills, anger management, and problem solving. Also, the results of the study indicated that teaching the cognitive-emotional skills have a positive and significant effect on the decrease of students tendency to aggressive behaviors such as verbal aggressive, practical aggressive of the students. However, the results indicated that teaching the cognitive-emotional skills are effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - The effectiveness of art therapy based on Drawing on general anxiety disorder and Physical injury fears in fourth grade male students
akram pakzadmoghadam ghasem askari zadeh masoud bagheriThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of art therapy based on Drawing on general anxiety disorder and Physical injury fears in primary school students. This research was a semi-experimental, pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistica MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of art therapy based on Drawing on general anxiety disorder and Physical injury fears in primary school students. This research was a semi-experimental, pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population included all fourth grade elementary school boys in Kerman in 1396-97. Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used and three schools were randomly selected from among the boys' primary schools in Kerman. Then sampling was done. Forty-seven students with high anxiety scores were selected based on the Anxiety Inventory (Spence, 1998). Finally, after matching based on anxiety scores, 30 students were randomly divided into experimental and control groups of 15 people. Drawing art therapy was performed on the students of the experimental group during 12 sessions of 90 minutes, two days a week. Students in the control group did not receive any training during this period. At the end of the intervention, anxiety inventory were performed on the students of the two groups. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that art therapy based Drawing reduced general anxiety disorder and fear of physical harm in primary school students (p <0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - The Effectiveness of the Matrix Intervention Program and Harm Reduction Training on Mental Health Indices and Attitudes toward Harmful Relationship in Harmed High School Female Students from Relation with Opposite Sex
homa sheikh darani Mohsen Golparvar illnaz sajjadianThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of matrix intervention program and harm reduction training on mental health indices and attitudes toward harmful relationship among harmed high school female students from relation with opposite sex. The research MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of matrix intervention program and harm reduction training on mental health indices and attitudes toward harmful relationship among harmed high school female students from relation with opposite sex. The research method was semi-experimental, and research design was three groups with two stages (pre-test and post-test). The statistical population consisted of all the girls who impaired from relation with opposite sex, which among them 36 persons were selected purposefully and then randomly assigned in two experimental groups and one control group. Symptoms Checklist (SCL-90, Derogatis, et al. 1973) and attitudes toward harmful relationship scale (ATHRS، Sheikh Darani, 2008) was used to measure the dependent variable in the pretest and post-test. The group of matrix intervention program and harm reduction training received 10 sessions of treatment and the control group did not receive any treatment. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and post-hoc Bonferroni test. The results revealed that in the post-test phase after the pretest control, there is a significant difference between in the matrix intervention group and harm reduction training group and the control group in anxiety (p=0.001), depression (p=0.001), interpersonal sensitivity (p=0.002), hostility (p=0.001), and paranoia (p=0.007). In the components of attitudes toward harmful relationship there is a significant difference between the matrix intervention group with the harm reduction training group and the control group in the affective damage (p=0.001) and social damages (p=0.046), and there is a significant difference only between the matrix intervention group compared to the control group in academic damages (P­=0.012). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Predicting parenting styles based on educational motivation and critical thinking mediated by hardiness in second grade female students
parnian rezazadeh mahbobeh aslami Soroush AlimardaniThe aim of this study was to predict parenting styles based on educational motivation and critical thinking with respect to the mediating role of hardiness. The research method was applied research and its implementation method was descriptive (non-experimental) and the MoreThe aim of this study was to predict parenting styles based on educational motivation and critical thinking with respect to the mediating role of hardiness. The research method was applied research and its implementation method was descriptive (non-experimental) and the research design was relational - Correlation and mediator analysis. The statistical population of this study was female primary school students in KARAJ (district 4) in 2017, from which 400 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research data were collected through these ways: parenting style questionnaire (Baumrind, 1971), educational motivation questionnaire (Harter, 1980), Ricketts critical thinking orientation questionnaire (Ricketts, 2003) and Ahvaz Hardiness Inventory, (2000). In order to test the hypotheses and analyze the data, multiple regression and SOBEL test were used. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between dictatorial, authoritarian and negligent parenting styles with students' educational motivation and critical thinking (P = 0.001). Also, educational motivation and critical thinking were able to predict parenting styles due to their hardiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - The effect of critical thinking skills training on improvement of creativity, academic self-efficacy, and psychological well-being among first-year high-school girls
Atefeh Saedi Mohammad Ali Zarei Maryam NasiriThe main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of critical thinking skills training on improving creativity, academic self-efficacy and psychological well-being of students in Ahvaz. The study was conducted on a quasi-experimental basis with th MoreThe main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of critical thinking skills training on improving creativity, academic self-efficacy and psychological well-being of students in Ahvaz. The study was conducted on a quasi-experimental basis with the control group. The research statistical population included all female first-year high-school students of Ahvaz city.By purposive sampling, 30 students were selected as study sample and randomly assigned into two equal groups of experimental and control. Research instruments included the Abedi Creativity Questionnaire (Abedi, 2003), the Murises Educational Self-Efficacy Scale (Murises, 2001), and the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1989). To analyze the data, inferential statistical methods were used such as univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and SPSS statistical software (Version 25). The findings showed that the applied intervention increased the levels of creativity, academic self-efficacy and psychological well-being of students. Therefore, the intervention of critical thinking skills training to help female students is effective and recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - The effectiveness of stress immunization training on the sense of agency, emotion regulation, the tendency to masturbate and Internet pornography in male 12th grade upper secondary school students in Ahvaz
Farideh Narimisaei Sahar Safarzadeh Fatemeh sadat MarashianThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of stress immunization training on the sense of agency, emotion regulation, tendency to masturbate, and online pornography in male 12th grade upper secondary school students in Ahvaz. This study was a quasi-experimental MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of stress immunization training on the sense of agency, emotion regulation, tendency to masturbate, and online pornography in male 12th grade upper secondary school students in Ahvaz. This study was a quasi-experimental one with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. The statistical population of this study included all male 12th grade upper secondary school students in Ahvaz in the academic year 2020-2021. Among them, 50 male students of the 12th grade of upper secondary school were selected using multistage cluster sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group (25 people in each group). The experimental group underwent Meichenbaum’s (2008) stress immunization training in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group received no intervention. The instruments used included Sense of Agency Scale (Polito et al., 2013), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-short) (Garnefski et al., 2002), Masturbation Tendency Questionnaire (Jozak, 2017), and the Pornography Craving Questionnaire (Kraus & Rosenberg, 2014). Data were analyzed using Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS-23 software. The results of data analysis showed that stress immunization training had a positive effect on sense of agency, emotion regulation, tendency to masturbate, and Internet pornography in male students compared to the control group (P <0.001). The results in the follow-up phase were also stable. The results indicated the effectiveness of stress immunization training on the sense of agency, emotion regulation, the tendency to masturbate, and Internet pornography in male 12th grade upper secondary school students Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - The effect of proactive personality, cognitive abilities and emotional stability on subjective career success: The diating role of self efficacy among female managers of governmental organizations
Roodabeh Bakhtiyari seyedmohammadjavad mousavi nia Marziye Laghaei nasrin arshadiThe purpose of this study was investigating the effect of proactive personality, cognitive abilities and emotional stability on subjective career success through mediating role of self-efficacy. The research method is correlation of structural equation modeling and stat MoreThe purpose of this study was investigating the effect of proactive personality, cognitive abilities and emotional stability on subjective career success through mediating role of self-efficacy. The research method is correlation of structural equation modeling and statistical population was the female managers of governmental organizations in ahvaz that 120 managers were studied by available sampling method. Research tools include careers success questionnaire (Gattiker & Larwood, 1986), proactive personality scale (Seibert et al., 1999), cognitive abilities questionnaire (nejati, 1392), emotional stability taken from Big Five Questionnaire (Caprara et al., 1993) and self-efficacy scale (Sherer et al., 1982). Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling method. The findings showed that direct effect of proactive personality and self-efficacy on subjective career success and direct effect of proactive personality, cognitive abilities and emotional stability on self-efficacy were significant (p< 0/001). Also the indirect effect of proactive personality, cognitive abilities and emotional stability on subjective career success was significant with the mediating role of self-efficacy (p< 0/001). Based on this, it can be concluded that proactive personality, both directly and through self-efficacy, affects the subjective career success. In addition, cognitive abilities and emotional stability through mediating self-efficacy improve subjective career success. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Effectiveness comparison of solution-focused and supportive counselling based on self-compassion effects on control of behavior and emotional, social and educational adjustment for male street children
Mahsa Razmgar seyed Ali kimiaei Imanollah BigdeliThe aim of this study was Effectiveness comparison of solution-focused and supportive counselling based on self-compassion effects on control of behavior and emotional, social and educational adjustment for male street children. This study was a quasi-experimental resea MoreThe aim of this study was Effectiveness comparison of solution-focused and supportive counselling based on self-compassion effects on control of behavior and emotional, social and educational adjustment for male street children. This study was a quasi-experimental research study with experimental and control groups. The population of this study includes all street children of Mashhad street children center (2018). Samples were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (10 people each), a total of 30 people. Sinha & Singh's Adjustment Questionnaire (1993) and Youth Self Report (YSR) (1991) were used to perform pretest and posttest. The experimental groups were trained in groups for 8 sessions, once a week and for 90 minutes in each session. The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the training groups who received solution-focused and supportive counseling based on self-compassion and the control group in the control of behavior (P>0/001). But none of the two educational methods could affect them in relation to the types of adjustment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - The effect of coping styles on marital satisfaction with the moderating role of alienation in married female students
samaneh shokooh mohammad Zaree NeyestanakThis study aimed to investigate the effect of coping styles on marital satisfaction with the moderating role of alienation in married female students. The statistical population of this study included all married female students of Payame Noor University of Najaf abad c MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effect of coping styles on marital satisfaction with the moderating role of alienation in married female students. The statistical population of this study included all married female students of Payame Noor University of Najaf abad city who studied in the academic year of 2018-2019. Research design is descriptive and research method is correlational. 252 female students of Najaf abad Payame Noor were selected as the sample using convenience sampling method. Alienation Questionnaire (Osin, 2009), Coping Styles Questionnaire (Endler & Parker, 1990) and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Inventory (Olson et al, 1987) were used in order to collect data. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression and path analysis using SPSS-22 and AMOS software. The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between coping styles and marital satisfaction with moderating role of alienation among married female students of Payame Noor University of Najaf abad city (P <0.01). This means that the effect of coping styles on marital satisfaction with the moderating role of alienation in married students is significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Prediction of the desire to establish relationships in teenage girls based on excitement, social support and happiness
Nafiseh Pourazizi Majid Zargham HajebiThe aim of this research was to predict of the desire to establish relationships among adolescents based on emotion seeking, social support, and happiness in high school female students. The population of the study consisted of second high school female students of Qom MoreThe aim of this research was to predict of the desire to establish relationships among adolescents based on emotion seeking, social support, and happiness in high school female students. The population of the study consisted of second high school female students of Qom city in 2018-2019. The sample size was 375 subjects who were calculated by Cochran formula and selected by available sampling method. Questionnaires of Crucial Relationships (1990), Zuckerman Emotion Seekers (1978), Zimet`s Social Support (1988), and Argyle Happiness (1987) were used as research tools. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that among the components of excitement, adventure components with significance level = 0.001, experimentation with significance level = 0.015, diversity seeking with significance level = 0.001 and avoidance of inhibition with significance level Management = 0.001, social support with family components with significance level = 0.001 and important people with significance level = 0.001 and happiness with self-esteem component with significance level = 0.001 They can predict the desire to establish a relationship. According to the research findings, it can be concluded that excitement and happiness have a positive and significant relationship with the desire to establish a relationship and the family component of the social support variable is inversely related. As a result, the more excitement and happiness you have, the more you want to start a relationship, and the less support you have for your family, the more you want to start a relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Comparison of the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy and emotional regulation on the symptoms of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and anxiety in female adolescents with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder
parisa abootorabi kashani Farah Naderi sahar Safarzade fariba hafezi zahra eftekharsaadiThis study aimed to compare the effect of dialectical behavior therapy and emotional regulation on the symptoms of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and anxiety in adolescents with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The statistical population of the st MoreThis study aimed to compare the effect of dialectical behavior therapy and emotional regulation on the symptoms of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and anxiety in adolescents with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The statistical population of the study included all-female high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2019-2020. Using a purposive sampling method, 45 of them were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group (15 students in each group). To collect data , the Connors, Erhardt & Sparrow (1999) Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Questionnaire and Anxiety Questionnaire of Bimaher (1997) were used. The research method was semi experimental with pre-test, post-test design, and follow-up with the control group. The experimental groups underwent dialectical behavior therapy (12 sessions of 60 minutes) and emotional regulation (8 sessions of 45 minutes). The follow-up was inducted after a month period. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that both dialectical behavior therapy and emotional regulation were effective in reducing the symptoms of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and students' anxiety (p<0.01). Also, the results of the analysis of covariance indicated that dialectical behavior therapy had a greater effect on reducing symptoms than emotional regulation. Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder and Student Anxiety Improvement (p<0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - The qualitative study of transmitted shame and guilt feeling from parents in male adolescents with history of Self- injury
Ali Gharadaghi Iraj Hamrang salaam rahimiThis study was conducted with the aim of knowing the views of Self-injury adolescents about the feelings of guilt and shame transmitted from their parents to make them aware of the nature of this subject. This study was a qualitative one and statistical population was w MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of knowing the views of Self-injury adolescents about the feelings of guilt and shame transmitted from their parents to make them aware of the nature of this subject. This study was a qualitative one and statistical population was whole high schools of Baneh' city that selected three schools by cluster random sampling method. After screening, 7 male teenage students with self-harming behavior were interviewed.The main method of data collection was semi-structured interviews and data were analyzed by inductive qualitative content analysis method. The validity of this study was rooted in four pillars: "Credibility, Transmissibility, Confidentiality and Confidence." The six of intrinsic were extracted and in the three main categories, including the type of guilty and shameful feelings, the sources of transferring feelings of guilt and shame and the consequences of the transfer of feeling guilty and shame were categorized. The Kind of thoughts (expectations) and negative behaviors of parents played a key role in the formation of negative emotions such as guilt and shame of adolescents and their tendency towards Self-mutilation behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - The Relationship between Loneliness and Life Satisfaction in First High School Girl Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and Perceived Social Support
Mohammadbagher Kajbaf Faezeh Adibnia Mina VesalThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction mediating by self-esteem and perceived social support. The research design was a structural equation modeling relationship. This study was carried out with 153 student MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction mediating by self-esteem and perceived social support. The research design was a structural equation modeling relationship. This study was carried out with 153 students selected through convenience sampling method from seventh to ninth grade female students (First High School) in Arak. To measure the variables, Loneliness Questionnaire (LQ), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the research hypotheses. In order to verify the model's fit, CR, Cronbach's alpha and average variance extracted (AVE) were reported, that indicate the model's reliability. In the structural equation model, direct relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction was not confirmed; therefore self-esteem and social support play a full mediating role in relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction in the structural equation model (P<0.01) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - The Effect of Teaching Happiness Using Cognitive-Behavioral Method on Hope for Life and Achievement Motivation among Female Ninth Grade Students with Body Image Dissatisfaction in Isfahan
shiva akhtarian masoud salimi maryam shahandehThe aim of this study was to analyze the effect of teaching happiness using cognitive-behavioral method on hope for life and achievement motivation of female students dissatisfied with their body image. For this purpose, by sampling clusters from junior high school stud MoreThe aim of this study was to analyze the effect of teaching happiness using cognitive-behavioral method on hope for life and achievement motivation of female students dissatisfied with their body image. For this purpose, by sampling clusters from junior high school students of Isfahan in the academic year(2019-2020) one school was selected and all the ninth grade students of this school (n =90) took body image concern questionnaire (Littleton, Axsom, & Pury, 2005). Based on the results, 28 subjects who had the highest body image concern were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 14 subjects, experiments and controls. Examiners of both groups completed hope scale questionnaire (Snyder, Harris, & Anderson, 1991) and achievement motivation questionnaire (Hermans, 1970). Students in the experimental group attended 10 90-minute cognitive-behavioral happiness training (Fordayce, 1983). The subjects in the control group were not given any training. After conducting the trainings, the subjects of both groups completed the hope scale and the achievement motivation questionnaires again. For analysis, the statistical analysis method of covariance was used.The results showed that teaching happiness using cognitive-behavioral method has an effect on improving the level of hope for life and achievement motivation of female students with body image dissatisfaction (p <0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Structural model of the relationship between academic identity and academic performance mediated by self-regulated learning strategies and motivational beliefs in female high school students
Zahra Torkzadeh Arani Reza Jafari Harandi Susan BahramiThe purpose of this study was to model the structural relationship between academic identity and academic performance by mediating self-regulated learning strategies and motivational beliefs in students. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-corre MoreThe purpose of this study was to model the structural relationship between academic identity and academic performance by mediating self-regulated learning strategies and motivational beliefs in students. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The statistical population of this study consisted of 21940 female high school students in the four education districts of Qom who were studying in the 2018-19 academic year. The sampling method in the present study is multi-stage cluster sampling. Thus, first, the four education districts of Qom were considered as four clusters, then one school was selected from each district and three classes from each school. Finally, the sample size of this research was based on Krejcie, Morgan and Kohan table and according to the size of the population, it included 378 students. In this study, the questionnaire (questionnaire of academic identity status questionnaire (Was & Isaacson, 2008) and self-regulated learning strategies questionnaire (Pintrich & Degroot, 1990), which was designed by 5 Likert method, was used) Self-regulated learning strategies and motivational beliefs were used to collect data related to academic identity variables, and the average scores of students in the second semester were used for the academic performance variable. All statistical analyzes have been performed by structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach. Findings indicate a positive and significant effect of academic identity on academic performance directly. On the other hand, the effect of academic identity on academic performance indirectly and mediated by self-regulated learning strategies and motivational beliefs is also positive and significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Development and validation of a flourishing education training package for students in the first three years of elementary school
morteza pordel hosein kareshki majid pakdamanFlourishing is a new concept whose mission is to create constructive behavior and promote well-being such as increasing positive excitement, commitment and fascination, positive relationships with others, feeling the meaning of life, success and progress along wit MoreFlourishing is a new concept whose mission is to create constructive behavior and promote well-being such as increasing positive excitement, commitment and fascination, positive relationships with others, feeling the meaning of life, success and progress along with teaching students lessons in class and school as a good place to learn. Values and norms. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a flourishing educational package for students in the first three years of primary school. The method of this research for the design and construction of the training package was the tool design method with a sequential combined exploratory approach. To evaluate the validity of the educational package, the content validity method was used qualitatively and quantitatively with the presence of 20 experts in the field of positivism and two relative coefficients of content validity and content validity index. Minimum and maximum values of 0.85 and 1 were calculated. Content validity index for the whole package was 0.84. The results showed that the educational package based on flourishing for the students of the first three years of primary school has a good content validity and has the necessary validity and reliability for educational and research applications. In other words, the developed educational package has the ability to promote the flourishing of learners in educational systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Comparing the effect of behavioral parenting training of mothers social skilled training of children on emotional regulation and behavioral symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in fourth grade male students
Farid Saeedeh hasan mirzahoseini Nader MonirpourThe aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of behavioral parenting training to mothers with training social skills to children on emotional regulation and symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in children. The method of this research was semi-experimenta MoreThe aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of behavioral parenting training to mothers with training social skills to children on emotional regulation and symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in children. The method of this research was semi-experimental and including pre-test-post-test designs with two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population of the study included fourth grade male students and their mothers who had referred to psychology clinics in Tehran District 5 between August and September 2020. From the mentioned community, 50 children with oppositional defiant disorder who met the inclusion criteria were selected and 45 of them were assigned to three groups of 15 according to Morgan table by purposive sampling method. The sessions of the experimental group consisted of 12 90-minute sessions in which children were taught social skills in one of the experimental groups. In the other experimental group, mothers of children received behavioral parenting training and the control group did not receive any intervention until the end of the study. In order to assess the participants, DSM 5 criteria were used to diagnose oppositional defiant disorder and the (Shields & Cicchetti, 1997) Emotion Regulation Checklist and (Achenbach's, 1991) Child Behavior Checklist. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics, analysis of covariance and pairwise comparison were used by Sidak test. The results showed that both methods were effective for emotional regulation and behavioral symptoms (P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed between the two methods for research variables and their dimensions (P>0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - A comparative study on the effects of three methods of group education of academic vitality, positivism, and time perspective on academic engagement and academic vitality of ninth-grade male students
Mohsen sharifi mozhgan arefi asghar aghaeiThe present study aimed to compare the effects of group education of academic vitality, positivism, and time perspective on academic engagement and academic vitality of ninth-grade male students in Isfahan. This study was a quasi-experimental research with a four-group MoreThe present study aimed to compare the effects of group education of academic vitality, positivism, and time perspective on academic engagement and academic vitality of ninth-grade male students in Isfahan. This study was a quasi-experimental research with a four-group three-stage design. The statistical population of the study included ninth-grade male students in the academic year of 2020-2021. The sample size included 72 ninth- grade students who were selected by purposeful sampling method. Data measurement tools included Academic Engagement Questionnaire (Fredericks, Blumenfeld & Paris, 2004) and Academic Vitality Questionnaire (Dehghanizadeh & Huseinchari, 2013). Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance. These analyzes were performed using SPSS-22 software. The results revealed a significant difference among the groups in the scores of academic engagement and scores of academic vitality in the studied methods (P <0.05). School counselors and psychologists who want to improve students' academic engagement and vitality are recommended to use workshops on the effectiveness of educational vitality, positivism, and time perspective as much as possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - The mediating role of time perspective in explaining the causal relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in female student in the second region
Atefe Karimi simindokht rezakhani Masoumeh BehboudiThe aim of this study is to explain the role of the mediation of time perspective in explaining the causal relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in female student in the second region. The research method was a correlational relationship. The s MoreThe aim of this study is to explain the role of the mediation of time perspective in explaining the causal relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in female student in the second region. The research method was a correlational relationship. The statistical population this study formed of the female second middle school students in the second region of Tehran in the academic year of 1399-1400. Az the sampel 300 students were selected in an accessible and voluntary way. The questionnaires of Academic Procrastination(Solomon & Rathblum, 1984), Perfectionism(Frost, 1990) and The Time Perspective (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999) were used. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling statistical method.The findings showed that positive perfectionism and the future negative dimension (p <0.01), negative perfectionism and the present fatalistic (p <0.01), predicted academic procrastination. The future dimensions and the present fatalistic mediate a negative relationship between positive perfectionism and academic procrastination and a positive relationship between negative perfectionism and academic procrastination among the time perspective dimensions(p <0.01). Generally, perfectionism and time perspective can explain 59% of the variance of academic procrastination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on depression, rumination and self – efficacy of depressed female high school students
marzieh abootrabian ilnaz sajadiyanThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on rumination, depression and self-efficacy of high school girls in Isfahan. The research method was quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with control group. Thirty femal MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on rumination, depression and self-efficacy of high school girls in Isfahan. The research method was quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with control group. Thirty female students were randomly selected from a group of female high school students in Khomeini Shahr by screening method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 in each group). Subjects in each group answered adolescent depression questionnaires (Kutcher, 2002), rumination answers (Yousefi, 2009) and self-efficacy (Sherrer, 2002) before, after and three months after the intervention. Experimental group 10 sessions, treatment based on acceptance and commitment (Hayes & Strosahl, 2010) but no intervention was performed in the control group. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the mean scores of depression and rumination of students after treatment decreased in the post-test and follow-up phase and their self-efficacy increased. According to the results of this study, acceptance and commitment-based therapy significantly reduced rumination and depression in the experimental group compared to the control group (P<0.001) and increased the self-efficacy of the experimental group compeared to the control group (P<0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Structural Equation Model of Academic Performance and Academic Success based on Learning Styles and Metacognitive Skills of Reading by Mediating Role of Academic Engagement in Male Students in Secondary Schools
Abbas Panahande Hossein Davoodi Davood Taghvaie sohrab abdi zarrinThe purpose of this study was to determaine the structural equation model of academic prformance and academic success based on learning styles and metacognitive skills of reading by mediating role of academic engagement in male students in the secondary schoos. The stat MoreThe purpose of this study was to determaine the structural equation model of academic prformance and academic success based on learning styles and metacognitive skills of reading by mediating role of academic engagement in male students in the secondary schoos. The statistical population consisted of all male students of secondary schools in Isfahan city in academic year of 2019-20. By using of cluster sampling method, 225 male students were selected as the sample. Participants responded to Fam & Taylor's (1999) Academic Performance Questionnaire, Felder & Slomon's (1996) Learning Styles Questionnaire, Friedrichs et al.'s (2004) Academic Engagement Questionnaire, and Metacognitive Reading Strategies Inventory (Mokhtari & Reichard, 2002). Academic grade point average was used as a criteria for academic success. Evaluation of the proposed model was performed using structural equation modeling by software of Amos-24. The results showed that the direct effect of input learning style, metacognitive skills of reading and academic engagement on academic performance (p<0.001), direct effect of cognitive learning style, metacognitive skills of reading and academic engagement on academic success (p<0.001) and direct effect of cognitive learning Intuitive and metacognitive skills of reading significant on the academic engagement (p<.001). Indirect coefficients also showed that perceptual and processing learning style through academic engagement had a significant indirect effect on academic performance and success(p<0.001). Therefore, the role of learning styles, metacognitive skills of reading and academic engagememt on academic performance and academic success are important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Investigating the effect of distress tolerance on mental health and academic performance: regarding the mediating role of emotion regulation in female students
shakila nayebzadeh manijeh Shehni Yailagh seyedmohammadjavad mousani niaThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of distress tolerance on mental health and academic performance with the mediation of emotion regulation in female students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The statistical population included all the fema MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of distress tolerance on mental health and academic performance with the mediation of emotion regulation in female students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The statistical population included all the female students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz who were studying in the academic year of 2019-2020 and 176 people were selected as a sample from them through a multi-stage random sampling method. In order to examine the research variables of each participant, completed the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simmons and Gaher, 2005), the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (Gross and John, 2003) and the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg and Hiller 1979). The results showed that the model has a good fit with the data of the present study. The research method is descriptive-correlational type and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data using SPSS and amous software. The results showed that distress tolerance both directly and indirectly through emotion regulation has a positive and significant relationship with mental health and academic performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - The effect of childhood trauma on psychological symptoms mediated by psychological flexibility in students female 20-29 years
parastou miri Ali HosseinaeiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of childhood trauma on psychological symptoms with the mediating role of psychological resilience. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of descriptive nature. The statistical population MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of childhood trauma on psychological symptoms with the mediating role of psychological resilience. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of descriptive nature. The statistical population of the study includes all female undergraduate and graduate students (in the age range of 20 to 29 years) of Shams Gonbad Higher Education Institute in the academic year 2020-2021 with 752 people, which according to Krejcie and Morgan table, 254 people as Research data were selected. Online data collection using Bernstein et al's Child Trauma Questionnaires. (2003), Dennis and Vander's Cognitive Flexibility Inventory(2010) and Derogatis's self-reported symptom checklist (1994). Data analysis was performed using spss25 and liserel 8.8 software. The results showed that the experience of childhood trauma was associated with more psychological symptoms and lower psychological flexibility; in addition, the results of path analysis showed psychological flexibility in the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological symptoms play a mediating role. The results of this study show that psychological resilience can be considered as a therapeutic intervention in people who have experienced trauma in future studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - The Effect of Positive â Thinking Skills on the Pessimistic documentary Style in Primary School Boys
Mana Chamzadeh Ghanavati Asghar Aghaei Mohsen GolparvarThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of positive thinking skills on pessimistic documentary style among primary school male students. The statistical population was consisted of all 9 t0 11 year- old male students, totally as 450 boys, in Isfahan in academi MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of positive thinking skills on pessimistic documentary style among primary school male students. The statistical population was consisted of all 9 t0 11 year- old male students, totally as 450 boys, in Isfahan in academic year of 2013-2014.Being selected through accessible sampling, the research sample included 42 students who were randomly categorized into control and experimental groups (each group of 21 members). Each group completed the Children's documentary Style of Thompson et al questionnaire (1998). Considering the convergent validity, this questionnaire was in an acceptable level and its reliability also, as estimated by Cronbach' alpha, was as %61. Then the experimental group received 12 sessions of education (each 90 minutes) about positive thinking skills based on Chamzadeh Ghanavati' book as " me and my thought"( 2014). In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics as frequency table and frequency percentage were used and multivariate analysis of covariance, also, was applied for inferential measurement. Data were analyzed by means of SPSS software 18th version. Findings indicated that the both groups in terms of pessimistic documentary style were meaningfully different based on personalization dimension ( p < 0/05 ) and permanence dimension ( p <0/01); however, no significant difference was observed considering the pervasive dimension (p >0/01 ) .Generally, the pre-test and post-test scores showed that there was a significant relationship between the both group ( p <0/01) and teaching positive thinking skills had an great effect on decreasing the level of pessimistic documentary style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - The Effect of Teaching Physics by Technology âEnabled Active Learning (TEAL) Method onAcademic Achievement of High School Students
Mohammad Ahmadi Dehghotbadini Farhad Nazarifar Faramarz Malekian Ahmad Reza Akbari Amro Abadi. Fatemeh Zamanifard Behzad Shahbazi Firouzeh Sepehrian Fatemeh Nosrat Mahdi Abolghasemi NajafAbadi Maryam Narimani Saeed Rajaeepoor Narges Keshtiaray Mozafaredin Vaezi Zamaneh Rezaei Ali Reza Yoosefi Hadi Kamali Saghar SahebJamei Sayed Ebrahim Mirshah Jafari Mohsen Malekian Mohammad Javad Leyaghatdar Toraj Hosseini HafshajaniAbstract This research aimed at investigating the effect of teaching by the Technology Enabled Active Learning (TEAL) method on the academic achievement of high school students in physics by a quasi-experimental method. The research Population were the first grade f MoreAbstract This research aimed at investigating the effect of teaching by the Technology Enabled Active Learning (TEAL) method on the academic achievement of high school students in physics by a quasi-experimental method. The research Population were the first grade female students of Falavarjan high schools. The study was conducted by using two groups randomly-selected of high school students (each group with 28 students). The experiment group was taught by the TEAL method and the control group was taught by the traditional method. The academic achievement of the subjects were assessed by the teacher-made pre-test and post-test. The validity was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was established by cronbach's Alpha (α=0.86) coefficient (86%). The data was analyzed through inferential statistics (ANCOVA). The results showed that the academic achievement by the TEAL method have been higher than those using the traditional method of learning at the probability level of 0/001. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Evaluation of the Effectiveness of PA Instruction on Learning Strategies on the Academic Achievement of the Fifth Grade Elementary Female Students in Yazd
sahar mirafshar mehdi khanabadi abolfazl azadniya somayeh soltaniThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of PA instruction on learning strategies on the academic achievement of the fifth grade elementary female students in Yazd. The method of this study was a quasi-experimental with the control group. Statistical MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of PA instruction on learning strategies on the academic achievement of the fifth grade elementary female students in Yazd. The method of this study was a quasi-experimental with the control group. Statistical population included all of the fifth grade elementary female students in Yazd city (8100 students). They were enrolled in public schools in 2010-11. The targrted sample was 30 students randomly selected by using the cluster method. The used tools in this study were the Cattell intelligence test and a demographic information questionnaire. The mean obtained scores of the students in exams were used for assessing the academic achievement. The experimental group underwent 12 training sessions of PA learning strategies, whereas the control group did not receive any interventions. The exams were taken included all courses in order to assess academic achievement during three phases (pre-test, test and test). The results of covariance analysis showed that there were significant differences between the mean scores on tests taken from the students in the test and pre-test phases and the subjects in experimental and contol groups (p = 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - The Analysis of Null Curriculum in Sex Education: Focusing on the Male Students at Junior High School
asghar ebrahimi harestani Behrooz Mahram Mohammad Javad LiaghatdarThe aim of this study was to analyze the sex education curriculum for male students at junior high school and to examine the null curriculum at this stage. To do so, semi-structured interviews as well as available documents in the very schools had been utilized.What bei MoreThe aim of this study was to analyze the sex education curriculum for male students at junior high school and to examine the null curriculum at this stage. To do so, semi-structured interviews as well as available documents in the very schools had been utilized.What being indicated from the findings was that the educational system could not fulfill the needs of the students in this regard. To determine the necessary subjects in this area, the previous studies and the experts' opinions were reviewed.Then, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed amongst a number of faculty members of the departments of educational science, psychology and counseling at Isfahan and Shahed universities to determine the degree of the importance of the subjects listed in the questioner. With regard to standards based on what have been done in educational organizations, the prevailing conditions and the ideal one were compared. The Findings showed that most of the areas had been neglected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Study on Liver Development Of Newborn Male Rats from Mothers Treated with Dnazol
Forogh Massomi Mehrdad Shariati Akbar ZeraatpishehInroduction and Objective: Liver is an important organ with special function in metabolism of drugs. Danazol is a drugs for treatment of some patients. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect Danazol on function, liver enzymes including ALT, AST, ALPand b MoreInroduction and Objective: Liver is an important organ with special function in metabolism of drugs. Danazol is a drugs for treatment of some patients. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect Danazol on function, liver enzymes including ALT, AST, ALPand blood biochemical factors such as protein and albuminand histological changes of liver in newborn male rats.Materials and Methods:In this experimental study 40 newborn male rats wistar strain divided into 5 group of 8.the newborns were taken from pregnant mothers which divided to the control group that received nothing, the sham group that received solvent (1.6H2O+0.4 ethanol) and three experimental groups that received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. Danazol in the pregnancy period for 21 days orally. In 22thdays after parturition, the newborns weighted and the blood samples prepared for AST, ALT, ALP, albumin, protein a valuating by Technicon RA1000 autoanalyzer and pars Azmoon kit made in Iran. In addition , the newborns liver evaluated by HandE histological staining methods.Results:The body weight in the experimental group showed decreasing and the concentration of AST, ALT and ALP showed increasing significantly (PConclusion: It can be concluded that Danazol causes weight loss by increasing the levels of liver enzymes also this drug causes necrosis and damaging in liver tissuehowevermore investigations are needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Study about T4 Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Markazi Province Traditional Dairy Products and its Impact on Corticosterone Reducing in Male Wistar Rats
Adel abedi Parvaneh Jafarh Mohsen ZargarInroduction and Objective: Probiotics are live microorganisms that with the improvement of intestine microbial balance, enforce useful impacts on the host (human or animal) and are used as food supplements or pharmaceuticals. Today production of Probiotic products are MoreInroduction and Objective: Probiotics are live microorganisms that with the improvement of intestine microbial balance, enforce useful impacts on the host (human or animal) and are used as food supplements or pharmaceuticals. Today production of Probiotic products are worldwide.Functional charectristics of these microorganisms include: adjustment of immune system, decrease of cholesterol serum, digestive infections, cancer, dermal and food allergies in kids, vesica and ear infections and decrease of chronic and travel diarrhea. Researches have shown that by means of vagus nerves, food can impact on the brain and nervous hormones, so it is probable that with regulation of the action of brain’s different parts, probiotics can impact on the improvement of its function.Materials and Methods: In this research 40 male vistar rats with the average weight of 150-170 g and approximate age of 4 weeks were chosen for the investigation of the usage of these probiotic’s effects, and were placed accidentally in 4 groups and were exposed to stress for 4 weeks and treatment with bacterium T4 Daily. Results:The usage of probiotic bacterium T4 after 4 weeks has an effect on the decrease of stress in mice in a sensible manner(p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Effects of Extract Melissa officinalis on WIN55, 212-2 Cannabinoid Agonists State-Dependent Learning in Male Mice
Raheleh Bargai Ramesh Ahmadi Saeideh PishgadamInroduction & Objective:Effects of CB1 cannabinoid agonists could activate Gabaergic neurotransmitter system and serotonergic in moulecular level, and their functional have knewn recognized in learning and memory. Mellisa officinalis has ability relaxation and GAB aergi MoreInroduction & Objective:Effects of CB1 cannabinoid agonists could activate Gabaergic neurotransmitter system and serotonergic in moulecular level, and their functional have knewn recognized in learning and memory. Mellisa officinalis has ability relaxation and GAB aergic properities were affected on stress and anxietyand through their terpenoid compounds and antioxidants were affected on learning and memory.Materials and Methods:Therefore, in this research effect of injection intraperitoneal extract hydro-alcoholic of Mellissa officinalis(25mg/kg) on WIN,55212-2(1,0.5mg/kg) cannabinoid agonists state dependent learning on male mice were checked. Model stepdown was checked on memory.Results:Injection of WIN 55, 212-2(1, 0.5mg/kg) intraperitoneally in group without stress has decreased memory and pretesting injection of WIN 55, 212-2(1,0.5mg/kg) intraperitoneally has increased memory. Pretraining injection of WIN 55, 212-2(1mg/kg) and pretest injection of extract hydro-alcholic of Mellisa officinalis(25mg/kg) has increased memory in male mice under restraint stress.ConclusionWIN 55, 212-2(1,0.5mg/kg) caused state dependent learning. It is probably that Mellisa officinalis according to Gabaergic properties and synaptic regulation cause to inhibitory effects of corticosterone on memory could increased learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Study Of Morpholineand Physiological Saline Effect on Blood Parameters and Spleen Tissue Of NMRI Albino Male Mice
Nasim Naiemi Hamid Reza Adeli Kobra ZareInroduction and Objective: Morpholine is a substance with various applications in industry and agriculture which toxic effects can be absorbed into the body by ingestion, by inhalation and through skin. The present study aimed to study of morpholineand physiological sa MoreInroduction and Objective: Morpholine is a substance with various applications in industry and agriculture which toxic effects can be absorbed into the body by ingestion, by inhalation and through skin. The present study aimed to study of morpholineand physiological saline effect on blood parameters and spleen tissue of6-week-old nmri albino male mice Materials and Methods: 40 adult male mice were placed in 4 experimental groups including control group, physiological saline (sham) group, treatment group A, fed with 300 mg/kg per day for 15 days, 1 ml of the prepared solution (0.009 ml morpholine+ 0.91 ml of distilled water) and group B, treated using the same method with the same volume of morpholine and physiological saline in the same period of time. After weighing, anesthesia and blood sampling, the number of red blood cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin were respectively measured using Neubauer slide, hematocrit capillary tube, and Sally method applying a plasma density refractometer. Microscopic and structural studies were conducted on prepared slides of spleen and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS19 software. Results: Increased number of red blood cells (%6.7), hematocrit (%21), plasma density (%25), and hemoglobin (%10) and decreased thickness of splenic capsule wall and becoming more fibrous (%8.3), increased thickness of central arteriole wall of white pulp (%30), increased spleen weight (%6.14), and reduced body weight (%2.14) were observed in group A, compared to control group and sham group. Considering group B, all listed features (except thickness of splenic capsule wall and weight loss) decreased. The results indicated a significant difference between group A and B (pConclusion: The significance of this relationship indicated that morpholine increased blood parameters, caused parenchyma adhesion, led to inflammation and increased spleen weight and decreased body weight and that physiological saline decreased its adverse effects. Given destructive effects of morpholine and its usage in our daily life, industry should look for a suitable replacement in order to maintain human health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Glycyrrhiza glabra Root Against Lipid Dysfunction and Hepatic Tissue Changes Induced by Thioacetamide in Male Rats
Davood Moghadamnia Moktar Mokhtari Saeed Khatam SazInroduction and ObjectiveThioacetamide cause hepatocellular carcinoma and lipid dysfunction.The plant phenolic compounds such as flavonoids have a important role in the treatment of many disease. The present study was done to evaluate effects of aqueous extract of Glyc MoreInroduction and ObjectiveThioacetamide cause hepatocellular carcinoma and lipid dysfunction.The plant phenolic compounds such as flavonoids have a important role in the treatment of many disease. The present study was done to evaluate effects of aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root against lipid dysfunction and hepatic tissue changes induced by thioacetamide in male rats. Materials and Methods:35 male rats were divided into five groupsof seven:Control group.Animals of this group underwent no stress such as injection ,oral gavage and etc.Sham group.Animals of this group received150 mg/kg of thioacetamide intrapertionealy in a single dose for 3 months.Experimental group 1,2,3. Animals of this groups received 100,200,300 mg/kg of aqueous extract of glycyrrhiza glabra root orally per day for 3 months and then 150 mg/kg of thioacetamide intrapertionealy in a single dose. All animals bled after 3 months .The provided blood samples were tested for total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol,triglyceride and glucose serum levels by enzymatic methods. The pathological examination of hepatic tissue samples were done after hematoxylin - eosin stainingResultsPretreatmen with 100,300 mg/kg of aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root significandecreased the serum levels of total choesterol comparing with thioacetamide group.Pretreatmen with the aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root at all doses increased the serum levels of glucose comparing with thioacetamide group but there was no significant difference. Pretreatmen with the aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root at all doses showed no significant difference inserum levels of LDL,HDLcholesterol and triglyceride comparing with thioacetamide group. In all experimental groups the hepatic tissue changes induced by thioacetamide improved which were dose dependent.(p≤.05) Conclusion: Therefore, the result show that the protective effects of aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root against Lipid dysfunction and hepatic tissue induced by thioacetamide in male rats.The protective effects of this extract can be due to the presence of flavonoids,chalcones,phytosterols compounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - The effect of fennel extracted on the probiotic activities in the Drosophila melanogaster and study on the reproductive performance of male Drosophila melanogaster
ابوالحسن رضایی مسعود قانع شیدا اخشابیInroduction & Objective: In the present study, the effect of fennel extract on Drosophila fertility and its role in probiotics were investigated.Probiotics with the activity of the gastrointestinal tract produce numerous vitamins and proteins that are needed for fer MoreInroduction & Objective: In the present study, the effect of fennel extract on Drosophila fertility and its role in probiotics were investigated.Probiotics with the activity of the gastrointestinal tract produce numerous vitamins and proteins that are needed for fertility in flies and in general in different organisms. Material and Method:Fennel extracts were divided into different concentrations. Concentrations containing 25, 50 and 75 mg / ml were added to the culture medium then the number of male spermatozoa were counted under light microscopy to be placed in A medium. Numbers of accessory gland cells, cell size and accessory gland size were observed by light microscopy. Also, accessory gland proteins were isolated and all data were analyzed by SPSS. PCR technique was also performed. Results: The mean number of sperm was 6440 and 3995, the number of accessory gland cells was 3502 and 1364, the size of accessory gland cells was 0.0675 and 0.0286 mm 2, the size of accessory gland was 0.339 and 0.391 cm 2, respectively. The protein of accessory gland 19/16 and 16/95 μg, respectively, were in the concentration of fennel (75 mg / ml) and concentration (25 mg / ml), respectively. The results of analysis showed that fennel had a significant effect on increasing fertility. It showed that a band of approximately 300 bp was observed on the gel. Conclusion: The results showed that when the higher concentration of fennel extract (75mg / ml) was used in the culture medium, the fertility rate in male Drosophila was higher than the lower concentration (25mg / ml) and in the control group. In the present study, the presence of probiotics indicates changes in the culture medium and its effect on fertility rate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - The protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Passifloracaerulea aerial parts against hepatic dysfunction induced by cadmium chloride in adult male rats
Mehrdad Shariati Mehrnoush Ghavami Mokhtar Mokhtari Saeed KhatamsazBackground:Cadmium chloride causes liver injury. In this study, the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Passifloracaerulea aerial parts against hepatic dysfunction induced by cadmium chloride in adult male rats was investigated. Material and Methods:Fifty-fou MoreBackground:Cadmium chloride causes liver injury. In this study, the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Passifloracaerulea aerial parts against hepatic dysfunction induced by cadmium chloride in adult male rats was investigated. Material and Methods:Fifty-four adult male rats were divided into 6 groups of 9:control group; sham group1:received 0.2ml/kg distilled water daily intraperitoneally as solvent. Sham group2;received 2 mg/kg cadmium chloride daily intraperitoneally during 21 days; experimental groups 1, 2 and 3: received 2 mg/kg cadmium chloride daily intraperitoneally during 21 days and then the hydroalcoholic extract of Passifloracaerulea aerial parts at the doses of 150, 300, 450mg/kg intraperitoneally during 30 days . The serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, LDH, albumin, bilirubin, and total protein were measured. The pathological examination of hepatic tissue samples were done after hematoxylin - eosin staining. Results:The mean levels of ALT, ALP, GGT, LDH and bilirubin in the all experimental groups showed a significant decrease compared to the group receiving cadmium chloride. The mean levels of AST in the experimental groups 2 and 3 showed a significant decrease compared to the group receiving cadmium chloride. The mean serum albumin and total protein concentration in experimental groups 2and 3 increased significantly compared to the group receiving cadmium chloride. In all experimental groups the hepatic tissue changes induced by cadmium chloride improved which were dose dependent (P˂0.05). Conclusion:The results of this study showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Passifloracaerulea aerial parts had protective effects against the hepatic dysfunction induced by cadmium chloride in adult male rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - The Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of banana’s peel (Musa spaientum) on Rena Stone induced by Ethylene Glycol in Female Wistar rats
Parastoo Rahimi Nastaran GhassempoorBackground and aim: Banana peel has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, healing and tissue repair properties, and due to its alkaline properties, it increases citrate and decreases urinary calcium, urea, and blood creatinine. Material and Methods: In this study, the effect MoreBackground and aim: Banana peel has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, healing and tissue repair properties, and due to its alkaline properties, it increases citrate and decreases urinary calcium, urea, and blood creatinine. Material and Methods: In this study, the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of banana peel on kidney stone disease induced by ethylene glycol was tested in 42 female Wistar rats in 6 groups in 31 days. Healthy control used only food and water, negative control group rats, used food, water, and 1% ethylene glycol solution. The control group 1, used food, water and solution of banana’s peel at concentrations of 100 mg / kg and 150 mg / kg orally. Experimental 1 used food, water, and 100 kg concentration of banana's skin extract solution with 1% ethylene glycol .Experimental 2 rats, used food , water, solution of banana's peel extract at concentration of 150 mg / kg with 1% ethylene glycol solution.. At the end of, blood of samples were collected for biochemical analysis.Results: The results showed that creatinine, uric acid, and urea increased in the blood of the negative control group, and for creatinine and urea the difference between negative control and healthy control and experimental control 2 was significant. In the uric acid factor, despite the increase in the negative control, the differences are not significant (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results show the effectiveness of banana peel extract on kidney stones caused by ethylene glycol by inhibiting calcium oxalate formation pathways due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Evaluation of the Effects of Q10 on Neural Protection and Behavioral Disorders in Cell Culture and Mice Models of Parkinson’s Disease
mahdieh Aazarshab mehdi rahnema Ramin Hajikhani Jalal Solati mohammad Reza BigdeliInroduction & Objective: Oxidative stress which is responsible for pathophysiology of hypertension, causes decrease in total antioxidant capacity. PON 1 is an antioxidant enzyme present on the surface of HDL also which is responsible for prevention of HTN and it&rsq MoreInroduction & Objective: Oxidative stress which is responsible for pathophysiology of hypertension, causes decrease in total antioxidant capacity. PON 1 is an antioxidant enzyme present on the surface of HDL also which is responsible for prevention of HTN and it’s complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the Effect of Isosorbide and Garlic Supplementation on Protein levels and Gene expression of PON1 at the Heart tissue in Female rats with hypertension After a period of aerobic training. Materials and Methods: In the experimental study,30 female Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g were randomly divided into 8 groups: healthy control, sham, blood pressure induction (Hyper), garlic, endurance training, endurance training -garlic. The rats suffered from hypertension of 6 days a week for 8 weeks after dietary period and 10 mg/kg body weight L_NAME injection. Experimental groups received 50 mg/kg body weight garlic supplement for six weeks.The endurance training program was performed at speeds of 20-30 m/min and 20 to 35 minutes, 5 sessions per week for 6 weeks. Protein levels and expression of PON1 heart tissue were measured using ELISA kit and Real Time PCR. Data were analyzed by t-test, One-way ANOVA and post hoc tokey at the significant level P<0.05. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean protein and the expression of paraoxonase-1 in the heart tissue of the female rats with hypertension in the different groups of the study (P> 0.05).Also, there was no difference between the levels of protein paraoxonase-1 heart tissue in different groups than the group of blood pressure induction (P> 0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings, it seems to that the inadequacy of the training period (frequency and intensity of exercise) and the dose rate of Garlic Supplementation can be one of the possible causes of ineffectiveness in the present study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Analyzing the Meaning of the Garden Carpet Found in Astan Quds Razavi based on Emil Male's Opinion
Sahel ErfanmaneshGarden carpets are a type of rug that gained popularity during the late Safavid period. One prominent example of this type is a carpet housed in the Astan Quds Museum. One notable feature of this carpet, which serves the function of Sajdah, is the inclusion of 'Sajdah' MoreGarden carpets are a type of rug that gained popularity during the late Safavid period. One prominent example of this type is a carpet housed in the Astan Quds Museum. One notable feature of this carpet, which serves the function of Sajdah, is the inclusion of 'Sajdah' written on the front of the altar. The motifs employed in these carpets, in addition to the mihrab and a zikr on the front of the mihrab, include flying birds and thirteen fish inside the mihrab. Given that animal designs are less common in prayer mats, the question arises: What is the relationship between these designs and the rug's function? The research method employed is descriptive-analytical, and the information is gathered through library research. To unravel the meaning of the rug according to its function, it becomes necessary to understand the icons and the concealed codes within them. Hence, the Iconography method developed by Emil Male has been employed to analyze the carpet. The research findings reveal that the carpet incorporates visual symbols of Iranian ascension and excellence along with verbal symbols of Islamic excellence. Consequently, the combination of visual and verbal elements creates a new narrative that underscores Islamic-Iranian excellence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Analyzing the Traditional Motifs of Afshan Carpets of the Pahlavi Period based on Thematic Analysis (Case Study: Malek Museum)
Maral Shahmoradi Aliakbari Neda ZiabakhshCarpet weaving is one of the main productions of the Iranian people, passed down from generation to generation. Some of the hand-woven carpets exhibited in museums serve as evidence of this rich heritage. Understanding the structure of these carpets opens the door to un MoreCarpet weaving is one of the main productions of the Iranian people, passed down from generation to generation. Some of the hand-woven carpets exhibited in museums serve as evidence of this rich heritage. Understanding the structure of these carpets opens the door to unraveling the intricacies of their creation. This article aims to explore the physical and conceptual aspects of Afshan carpets, delving into their symbolic meanings. Through applied research and a structural approach, this study contributes to documenting and preserving the fundamental principles underlying Afshan carpets. Using both quantitative and qualitative strategies, along with library and field methods, this research employs descriptive, analytical, adaptive, and inductive reasoning methods to elucidate the philosophical depth and significance of the motifs present in Afshan carpets. To achieve this, a case study approach was adopted, focusing on seven carpets with Afshan designs from the Malek Museum. These carpets were selected based on design homogeneity and the period of their production. The structure and design serve as the two key elements shaping the texture of a carpet. The design principles and rules are influenced by the culture, customs, and religious teachings of the society, manifesting content in symbolic forms. These themes encompass various elements, including plant motifs symbolizing life, imaginary forms prevalent in mystical traditions, and mapping forms found in visual dimensions like the Islimi designs, which represent the concept of unity in diversity and the mystical symbol of monotheism. These elements play a crucial role in shaping the motifs found in Afshan carpets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Analysis of Women's Personality Traits Impact on their Mystical Journey
Shahla Rahmani Mitra PoursinaThis paper analyzes the role of personality traits of women in their mystical journey.Mystically speaking, female traits cause brighter manifestation of divine beautiful names whereas male traits cause greater manifestation of divine majesty names. Accordingly we may as MoreThis paper analyzes the role of personality traits of women in their mystical journey.Mystically speaking, female traits cause brighter manifestation of divine beautiful names whereas male traits cause greater manifestation of divine majesty names. Accordingly we may ask whether this differentiation in manifestations could effect men and women's mystical journey and if the transgender view of the mystics about the differentiation in seekers' talents may extend to gender issues. By combining mystical issues and psychological achievements, this study draws the relationship between personality traits of women and seven spiritual stages. Such an approach in analyzing issues related to mystical journey is a novel achievement and has special importance, both in the field of women's issues and the mystical topics. In this study, it becomes clear that the role of female characteristics in her mystical spiritual wayfaring are sometimes helpful and sometimes play a deterrent role; so that the seeker, by knowing how these traits are influencial, can measure a deeper plan for the quality of her spiritual wayfaring. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Analyzing the Status of Repentance in the Story of the Old Woman and Malekshah in Attar's Tragic Tales Based on Joseph Campbell's Archetype of "the Return of the hero
Masoome RouhaniFard Mehdi Mahouzi Shahin OjaqaliZadeThe mysterious tale of the Old Woman and the Kingdom of AlbArslan in Attar’s MosibatNameh(Tragic Tales in Persian) has a great capacity for various decoding readings. The tale of the Old Woman and Malek Shah can be studied based on Campbell’s theories. One of the approp MoreThe mysterious tale of the Old Woman and the Kingdom of AlbArslan in Attar’s MosibatNameh(Tragic Tales in Persian) has a great capacity for various decoding readings. The tale of the Old Woman and Malek Shah can be studied based on Campbell’s theories. One of the appropriate methods for understanding the mysterious structure of this tale is Campbell’s archetype of the hero’s journey. The hero is evoked to another land and thus starts his journey. In the course of his journey through the world he loses the only property in his life and stands against Malek Shah in an audacious fight and urges him to return the righteous properties of the peasants and finally frightens him of passing the bridge and encountering the grandeur of God. Eventually when the hero attains his rights he prays to God that Malek Shah is forgiven so that he could achieve perfection and maturity. Malek Shah is changed in sleep and returns to his previous status while carrying the Elixir of Life with him so that he could impart it on peasants and friends. In these journeys the trudging hero sets foot on a dangerous journey by answering the call of the albino dean of the kingdom to save the peasants of Iran. After passing various stages of battle, the hero not only succeeds in his mission and gains material blessings, but also attains a kind of self-recognition and spiritual perfection that in addition to being the function of the hero is based on Campbell’s theories on “the hero’s journey” that leads to a change in his land through praying and obeisance to God and by asking for God’s help. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - مطالعه سبک تغییرات جنسیتی و بین فرهنگی در مقالات آیلتس
Jafar Asadiنوشتن مقالات از دیرباز به عنوان شیوه ای مهم برای گفتار نوشتاری در نظر گرفته شده است که برای دانش آموزان ، به ویژه برای زبان آموزان انگلیسی (EFL) ، یک متن دشوار است. نوشتن مقاله همچنین بخش مهمی از سیستم آزمون بین المللی زبان انگلیسی (IELTS) را تشکیل می دهد ، به عنوان یکی Moreنوشتن مقالات از دیرباز به عنوان شیوه ای مهم برای گفتار نوشتاری در نظر گرفته شده است که برای دانش آموزان ، به ویژه برای زبان آموزان انگلیسی (EFL) ، یک متن دشوار است. نوشتن مقاله همچنین بخش مهمی از سیستم آزمون بین المللی زبان انگلیسی (IELTS) را تشکیل می دهد ، به عنوان یکی از معتبرترین آزمون های انگلیسی که برای ارزیابی مهارت زبان افرادی که قصد تحصیل یا کار در زمینه انگلیسی زبان را دارند مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. این پژوهش یک تجزیه و تحلیل ژانر متضاد از مقالاتی است که توسط مردان و زنان و نویسندگان بومی و غیر بومی در آزمونهای مقاله ای IELTS task 2 ارائه شده است. هدف اصلی مطالعه این است که آیا نویسندگان بومی و غیر بومی از تکنیک های بلاغی یکسانی در نوشتن مقالات آیلتس استفاده کرده اند یا خیر. مطالعه بر اساس چارچوب حرکت ژانرهای Swales (1990) ، این مدل ، مدلی اصلاح شده از چارچوب حرکت ژانر Swales (1990) را برای مقالات استدلالی برای تعدیل تفاوت های مشاهده شده پیشنهاد کرد. یافته ها تفاوت هایی بین نویسندگان مرد و زن ، بومی و غیر بومی در نوشتن این مقالات آیلتس نشان می دهد. این مقاله دارای مفاهیم نظری و مفاهیم آموزشی قابل توجهی برای معلمان ، زبان آموزان ، توسعه دهندگان مواد و طراحان برنامه درسی نیز می باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Identity Construction in the Narratives of Black Female Writers: A review Article
Zahra HashemiThe term ''identity'' which refers to one's rights, equality and dignity, equal opportunity in work and education and equal pay, emerged in the United States in the mid-twentieth century in the context of immigration, social change, and emancipator movements. This study MoreThe term ''identity'' which refers to one's rights, equality and dignity, equal opportunity in work and education and equal pay, emerged in the United States in the mid-twentieth century in the context of immigration, social change, and emancipator movements. This study examines the distinctive ways in which contemporary black female authors have employed speculative fiction to portray diasporic identities in their female protagonists. The novels examined in this study offer new ways of conceptualizing the connection between cultural trauma and society and ultimately by giving voice, choice and identity, have tried to empower their characters to take a stand against male operation and discover a sense of selfhood. The findings indicate an identity pattern and ways of reshaping the identity, voice and healing during and after traumas distinct to the Afrodiasporic community in the female protagonists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - مفهوم هویت و عاملیت زنان در رمان ندیمه اثر مارگارت اتوود
Fatemeh Pourjafariمفهوم هویت و عاملیت زنان در رمان ندیمه اثر مارگارت اتوود یکی از مفاهیم مورد بحث در جهان متکثر و چندفرهنگی کنونی، مقوله هویت می باشد که در آثار ادبی نیز به آن پرداخته شده است. نظریه های ادبی و فلسفی متفاوتی تمرکز خود را بر بررسی مفهوم هویت در ادبیات قرار داده اند که اخیر Moreمفهوم هویت و عاملیت زنان در رمان ندیمه اثر مارگارت اتوود یکی از مفاهیم مورد بحث در جهان متکثر و چندفرهنگی کنونی، مقوله هویت می باشد که در آثار ادبی نیز به آن پرداخته شده است. نظریه های ادبی و فلسفی متفاوتی تمرکز خود را بر بررسی مفهوم هویت در ادبیات قرار داده اند که اخیرترین آن ها نقد پسااستعماری می باشد. گایاتری چاکراورتی اسپیواک از منتقدین پسااستعمارگری با رویکرد فمینیسم، به مساله اقلیت ها در هر جامعه ای می پردازد و نشان می دهد که چگونه زن ها و رنگین پوستان توسط سیستم قدرت به حاشیه رانده شده و مورد ظلم قرار می گیرند. از این منظر، سیستم های سیاسی و ایدیولوژیک، هویت را از افراد گرفته تا آنها قادر نباشند خود را به عنوان سوژه هایی انسانی و دارای تاثیرگذاری تاریخی مطرح کنند. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی روش هاییست که عاملیت زنان در رمان ندیمه اثر مارگارت اتوود چنان توسط قدرت محو شده که آنها به شی وارگی و فرودستی دچار شده اند. این تحقیق در پایان نشان می دهد که چگونه زنان فرودست و سرکوب شده راه هایی برای اعتراض و بیان خویش می یابند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - the relationship between social capital and quality of life in female-headed households in Dogonbadan City
yousef tazesh zohre diymad The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social capital and quality of life in female-headed households in Dogonbadan This cross sectional study was done on women headsof Dogonbadan City during six months. (200 Perso More The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social capital and quality of life in female-headed households in Dogonbadan This cross sectional study was done on women headsof Dogonbadan City during six months. (200 Person) Study tools were include: demographic questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) - Iranian species. and questionnaire of World Bank social capital (SC-IQ), respectively. Analysis of results were performed with SPSS software and using Descriptive statisticsand analytical Tests The findings of this study demonstrate that the quality of life and social capital for women-headed households are totally interdependent and they have positive impact on each other. and life quality of female-headed households Dogonbadan was at a lower level of Dogonbadan People's general quality of life. and on the other hand, social capital is relatively low in these women and requires serious attention and long-term planning authorities based on community-based research approaches, in order to improve the quality of life and significant changes in order to increase social capital and This collective participation of vulnerable people.Extended AbstractIntroduction: The concept of quality of life dates back to the time of Aristotle in 385 BC. At that time, Aristotle considered "good life" or "doing good things" to mean happiness. At that time, living happily is considered equivalent to what is called quality of life today. Quality of life reform was not used until the twentieth century. Over time, researchers have realized that quality of life can be one of the most important consequences of health assessments. As the World Health Organization's definition of health emphasizes (Fayers and Machin, 2013.55). Quality of life is a complex and multidimensional concept of population conditions and status, defined in a specific geographical scale (city, village and country) (Harirchi, 2009.98). From the beginning of the 60's, the concept of quality of life became popular in European countries. In some advanced societies, the term has been used in conjunction with and sometimes synonymously with other terms such as public welfare, social welfare, social security, and the like. The category of quality of life is widely related to the concept of welfare, social relations, trust and social participation (Noghani, 2008.112) and can be the basis for strengthening social capital. Social capital is one of the social determinants of health that affects the health of communities (Murayama et al, 2012). Numerous indicators can be used to measure social capital in a society at the macro level. One of these indicators is the level of social support for vulnerable groups in society (children, women, etc.) (Siegler, 2014). Women heads of households are one of the groups. Today, family restructuring due to war, urbanization, divorce, marital addiction, etc. has led to an increase in the number of female-headed households worldwide (Aghajanian and Thompson, 2013). If the statistical data show an increasing trend and the proportion of female-headed households in the last three decades (Aghajanian and Thompson, 2013.22). 37.5% of the world's households are headed by women (2012.29, Moti et al). And in Iran, according to the statistics of the Welfare Organization, during 10 years (75-85), 60 thousand and three hundred people have been added to the population of women heads of households every year. Lack of social capital components and limitation of social relations network in the life of female-headed households due to issues such as divorce, many responsibilities and multiple roles have caused this vulnerable group of society with many problems and obstacles, including turning to crime. And face corruption to meet the needs of life, create deviation and disruption in the upbringing of children, increase the number of troubled families and create mental disorders in family members, the spread of material and cultural poverty in society and ultimately reduce their quality of life (Lewis et al ., 2013.12). Therefore, the need to pay attention to social capital and quality of life in women caregivers seems necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social capital components and quality of life in female-headed households in Dogonbadan.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was performed on female heads of Dogonbadan city (200 people) over a period of 6 months. The response rate was 73.7%. Study tools include 1- Demographic information questionnaires, including variables: age, marital status (married, single, unmarried due to death and divorce), level of literacy (illiterate, elementary, middle and university), employment (employed, unemployed) ), Ethnicity, per capita home area, number of dependents, average household income, home amenities, number of rooms available, length of stay, health insurance coverage, chronic illness and current illness. 2- WHOQOL Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL) - Iranian species, which has 4 domains of physical health, mental health, social relations and environmental health, each of which has 7, 6, 3, 8 questions, respectively. Likert face is, is. 3. World Bank Social Capital Questionnaire (SC-IQ), which is designed for developing countries and examines social capital at the household level. Analysis of results using SPSS software version 21 using descriptive statistics tests such as mean and standard deviation and analytical statistics such as Pearson correlation tests and also to investigate the effects of various factors on the dimensions of quality of life and social capital from multiple linear regression. With the entry of variables in the models, it was used in a combined method.Results and discussion: The majority of female-headed households in this study were middle-aged, unemployed, and had a high school or secondary education level. Research on the employment status of women heads of households also shows that due to lower levels of literacy, they have more limited job opportunities than male-headed households, and on the other hand, government support for these women is very low. According to the results of this study, the average quality of life scores of these women are lower than the general population of Dogonbadan in all four dimensions of physical, mental, social and environmental health. In this study, there was a significant relationship between age and overall quality of life and its dimensions in terms of mental health, environment, social relationship, which means that with age, the quality of life of women heads of households in these areas decreases. In terms of physical health, the only variable of education showed a significant relationship on the quality of life of female-headed households. It seems that in the physical dimension, people with higher secondary education are in a better and more appropriate condition than people with primary or illiterate education. The findings of this study also showed that there is a significant relationship between environmental health and marital status (divorce due to divorce). Researchers believe that marital status is a predictor of quality of life in all aspects and the presence of a spouse as a supporter is effective in reducing stress, adapting to the environment and reducing mortality and disability. In this study, there was a significant relationship between the variable of length of stay in the place with the dimension of physical health and the social relationship between quality of life. In the present study, the current disease had a significant and inverse relationship with the dimensions of physical and mental health and overall quality of life score, and the effect of this variable on the mental health dimension was greater than the other dimensions. In this study, the average score of social capital of women heads of households is 37.5, while the average score of the highest person was 71.7. Therefore, it can be concluded that women's social capital is relatively low. Findings of this study showed that the quality of life and social capital of female-headed households are completely interdependent and have a positive effect on each other. On the other hand, social capital and quality of life of female-headed households in Dogonbadan is relatively low and needs serious attention and planning. In the long run, the authorities, based on community-based research approaches, are vulnerable to improving the quality of life and fundamental changes to increase social capital and collective participation of this group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Conceptual metaphors in front and war prose works with a semantic approach
Touraj doshman ziyari Seyyed Mahmoud Seyed Sadeghi . Seyed Ahmad Hosseini KazerouniDue to the nature of war in the minds of men and women, there are significant similarities and differences between the conceptual metaphors and schemas used in the male and female narratives of war. In the formation of conceptual metaphors in female and male narratives, MoreDue to the nature of war in the minds of men and women, there are significant similarities and differences between the conceptual metaphors and schemas used in the male and female narratives of war. In the formation of conceptual metaphors in female and male narratives, different areas of origin in female and male narratives of sacred defense have been used. The cultural meaning of sacred defense in female narratives is different from the cultural meaning of this phenomenon in male narratives. The present study is a descriptive-analytical study that has studied the conceptual metaphors and cultural schemas in the feminine and masculine narratives of the sacred defense with the help of the library method. And the femininity of war can be examined in the form of conceptual metaphor theory and schemas? What are the similarities and differences between the conceptual metaphors and schemas used in the male and female narratives of war? What areas of origin have been used in the formation of conceptual metaphors in male and female narratives? What is the difference between the cultural meaning of war in female narratives and the cultural meaning of this phenomenon in male narratives of war? The results indicate that the differences between male and female conceptualizations of war can be examined in the form of conceptual metaphor theory and schemas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - The process of political poetry after constitutionalism based on the opinions and opinions of Adib al-Mamalek Farahani
Rohollah Nabi Abdol Yousefi Seyyed Mahmoud Seyed Sadeghi Dr. Maryam ParhizkariThe literature of the Qajar era underwent fundamental changes in the structure of Iran's political, social and cultural spheres due to the constitutionalism movement. This modernity left a tremendous impact on the poetry and prose of this period. One of the most importa MoreThe literature of the Qajar era underwent fundamental changes in the structure of Iran's political, social and cultural spheres due to the constitutionalism movement. This modernity left a tremendous impact on the poetry and prose of this period. One of the most important features of the poetry of the constitutional era is the difference and type of vision of the poets towards the existing realities, which led to the creation of new themes. One of the most important themes in Persian poetry of the constitutional era is "freedom, homeland and justice". In this research, the author aims to investigate the literary arrays in the political poems of Adib al-Mamalek Farahani, using descriptive-analytical method and library tools. Adib al-Mamalek is one of the poets of the constitutional era and the awakening period, and most of his poems are about political and social themes. The results of the research show that Adib has used the literary arts in his poems to address the themes of homeland, freedom and justice, and because he was a religious person, in addition to paying attention to the hints related to Iran before Islam, he also paid attention to Iran during the Islamic period. Paying attention and regarding the issue of love for the country, his patriotism was not accompanied by hatred of Arabs. Recommendations for rule of law, criticism of ignorance and neglect, criticism of the inappropriate performance of the parliament, criticism of the judiciary and attention to justice are considered other poetic themes of Adib. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - Investigating Western borrowings in the imagery and theme-creation of constitutional era poetry "A case study of the poems of Malek al-Shaarai Bahar"
Ali Ghaempanah Tajabadi Maryam Gholamreza Beigi Majid Hajizadeh AskariThe constitutional era is one of the ups and downs of Iran's history, in which the results of the industrial progress of the West reached the third world countries and Iran. Therefore, researching and examining the poems of poets of this period will lead to more familia MoreThe constitutional era is one of the ups and downs of Iran's history, in which the results of the industrial progress of the West reached the third world countries and Iran. Therefore, researching and examining the poems of poets of this period will lead to more familiarity with the political, economic and social conditions of that era. In this research, an attempt has been made to "investigate Western vocabulary and terms in the depiction and theme-creation of the poetry of the constitutional era by means of a descriptive-analytical method and with library tools, relying on the divan of Malik al-Shaarai Bahar's poems." The findings of the research show that Bahar used imagery and thematization to express political, cultural and social themes due to familiarity with the past texts of the Persian language. In the thematic section, Bahar has used western loanwords more than other poets of his time, and in the illustration section, irony array has been used the most and he has created an image with the help of expression techniques with western words. The importance of using loan words in Diwan Bahar is that it expresses the atmosphere of cultural, political, social and economic relations between Iran and the countries of France, England and Russia. The high frequency of borrowing French words expresses political and social issues and the use of Russian words is mostly due to economic and industrial relations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Changes of insulin-like growth factor-1 and cortisol levels following the Wingate anaerobic test among female athletes and non-athletes
Sara Momeni Eskandar Rahimi Sarah Hojjati -
Open Access Article
167 - Effect of 8 weeks moderate intensity aerobic exercise on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in female athletes
Roya Zare Mehrjardi -
Open Access Article
168 - Effects of exercise intensity on RBP4 levels in female athletes
Narges Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
169 - Effects physical activity on creatinine, and metabolic syndrome in females with transplanted kidney
Eskandar Rahimi Khatoun Tahmouresi Seyed Ali Hosseini Saman Eskandary -
Open Access Article
170 - The effects of concurrent training with and without branch chain amino acids on lipid profiles and testosterone level of male body-builders
Payam Rafiee Eskandar Rahimi -
Open Access Article
171 - Effectiveness Of Narrative Therapy On Academic Motivation in High Schools Female Students
Saedh Neda Asgari Marzieh MalekihaThe purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of narrative therapy on increasing academic motivation in high schools female students. The Sample of the study included 32 female students that have been placed randomly in the intervention (experimental) and c MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of narrative therapy on increasing academic motivation in high schools female students. The Sample of the study included 32 female students that have been placed randomly in the intervention (experimental) and control group. The research was a quasi – experimental design with pre-test - post-test and control group. The study implemented the Vallerand Academic Motivation Scale (1989) as data source. The experimental group was exposed to narrative therapy for 11 sessions 90 minutes each. The results of the univariate analysis of covariance showed that narrative therapy increased academic motivation. Among the three subscales of academic motivation, the effectiveness of narrative therapy was only approved on the extrinsic motivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - The Relationship Between Social Capital And Social Support With Entrepreneurship In Female Employees In National South Oil Company (NLSOC)
Yasamin Safarzadeh Shamsalsadat ZahediThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between social capital and social support with entrepreneurship in female employees in National South Oil Company (NLSOC). The sample included 154 subjects who were selected based on stratified random samp MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between social capital and social support with entrepreneurship in female employees in National South Oil Company (NLSOC). The sample included 154 subjects who were selected based on stratified random sampling. The research was designed as correlative one. For the measurement of the variables, Nahapiet and Ghoshal (1998) Social Capital Questionnaire, and Nakouei et al (2014) Social Support Questionnaire and Kuratko and Goldsby (1993) Entrepreneurship Questionnaire were used. To analyze data; Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariable regression (P < 0/0001) were employed as statistical methods. The results revealed that there was significant positive relationship between social capital and social support with entrepreneurship in Female employees in National South Oil Company (0/0001). The analysis also regression showed that social support and emotional support were significant predictive variables concerned to entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - Suffer Facilitators: A Qualitative Study of the Infertile Females Interactions with the Scene Overlooking Observers
Azade Abooei SeyedAlireza Afshani Ali RuhaniThe present study aimed to investigate the relationship between infertile females and their associated relatives discussing their infertility issues. The research population embraced all the Yaz city infertile females referred to Infertility Centers. 21 females were sel MoreThe present study aimed to investigate the relationship between infertile females and their associated relatives discussing their infertility issues. The research population embraced all the Yaz city infertile females referred to Infertility Centers. 21 females were selected and studied by means of theoretical and purposive sampling. Using a qualitative approach and grounded theory method, the process of theoretical sampling continued to data saturation. Data was collected and analyzed with open, axial and selective coding. The research findings included 13 main categories and one core category called suffer facilitators. Consequently, conceptual tables, paradigmatic model and theoretical schema of the research were presented. In general, explanation of the results indicated the phenomenon of "double suffering" in the target population. Infertile females, in respect to the traditional culture of the target population, confronted with near and far relatives which it made their lives a dilemma. Due to interpose of the associated relatives in the details of infertile females lives, like those watching over the scene, and extended the infertile females pain to the areas other than infertility issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - Predicting Of Perceived Work-Family Conflict Through Job Commitment And Organizational Embeddedness Among Shift Worker Female Nurses
Marzieh Yaraghy Isfahany Ali MehdadThe main purpose of this research was to study predicting perceived work-family conflict through job commitment and organizational embeddedness among shift worker female nurses in Isfahan public hospitals in spring 1395. The method of this research was correlational.The MoreThe main purpose of this research was to study predicting perceived work-family conflict through job commitment and organizational embeddedness among shift worker female nurses in Isfahan public hospitals in spring 1395. The method of this research was correlational.The statistical population included all nurses of the 11 public hospitals that among them 197 subjects were selected through convenience sampling procedure. The research instruments consisted of Occupational Commitment Questionnaire (Blau, et al.1993), Organizational Embeddedness Questionnaire (Mitchell, et al. 2001) and Perceived Work- Family Cconflict Scale(Carlson, et al. 2000). Data were analyzed by using Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis and the results of simple correlation showed that there were significant negative relationship between job commitment and organizational embeddedness with perceived work-family conflict (P<0/01). Moreover, the result of stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that, in tow steps, organizational embeddedness and job commitment could predict significantly %46/6 of work- family conflict variances. According to the findings, it concluded that, work-family conflict perception could be decreased through increasing organizational embeddedness and job commitment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - The Role Of Social Support Dimensions On Predicting Work Engagement Among Female Teachers Of Primary Exceptional Schools In Ahwaz City
Ezatolah Ghadampour Leila Mansouri Hadis Bakdeli NasrabadThe aim of present study was to examine the role of social support dimensions on predicting work engagement among female teachers of Ahvaz primary exceptional schools.From the above population 302 individuals were selected via stratified sampling method as research samp MoreThe aim of present study was to examine the role of social support dimensions on predicting work engagement among female teachers of Ahvaz primary exceptional schools.From the above population 302 individuals were selected via stratified sampling method as research sample. The research was a descriptive and correlational study. Data were collected through Phillips & et.al Social Support Questionnaire (1986) and Schaufeli & Salanova Work Engagement Questionnaire (2001). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, stepwise multiple regression analysis and through SPSS. The results showed significant positive correlation between social support and its aspects including friends and family with work engagement. Also there was no significant between others and work engagement. The results of regression analysis showed that among different aspects of social support, only family factor could predict work engagement. Based on the result we could say that social support has a vital role in increasing work engagement among exceptional school teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - The Impact Of Women Entrepreneurs Social Networking On Job Motivation: The Mediating Role Of Entrepreneurial Alertness
Parvaneh Gelard Elaheh Asgari Maryam Hosseiny Amer Dehghan NajmabadiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of social networks of female entrepreneurs on job motivation with the mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. The statistical population of the study includes all the 148 female entrepreneur business owners at MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of social networks of female entrepreneurs on job motivation with the mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. The statistical population of the study includes all the 148 female entrepreneur business owners at the Thirteenth Women Entrepreneurship Development Conference. 106 of the introduced women were selected as sample by using simple random sampling. The current research in the terms of purpose was an applied research and it was a descriptive-survey regarding the data collection. The essential data has been collected by questionnaire administering. The data analysis was conducted via the structural equation modeling (SEM). The results of the research indicated that the social networks of female entrepreneurs had a positive significant effect on entrepreneurial alertness and their job motivation. It was also concluded that social networks of female entrepreneurs had indirect effects on job motivation through the mediating variable of entrepreneurial alertness. Regarding the relationship of entrepreneurship women's social networks to their job motivation, women could improve their business performance and motivation through extended and effective communication in the social networks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - A Study of Feminine Style In "Acacia Alley" Novel by Raziyeh Tojar
Faezeh Arab Yousef-abadi Shahla KalbaliThe purpose of this article was to extract the effective female-gender components in the style of the “Acacia's Alley” novel written by Raziyeh Tojar. According to preliminary results, these components were: female language, feminine affection and cultural i MoreThe purpose of this article was to extract the effective female-gender components in the style of the “Acacia's Alley” novel written by Raziyeh Tojar. According to preliminary results, these components were: female language, feminine affection and cultural issues related to women in this novel. The female language in this novel was characterized by the repetition of words or parts of sentences to stress the desired emotional sense. In this novel, most women refuse to use definitive words and their discourse was infused with a bit of prolongation. The presence of more than 298 color-related terms and the frequency of using different colors with their details in the language of novel’s characters has bestowed a feminine flavor to this novel. Moreover, the motherly affection represented one of the strongest forms of emotions in this novel. Underusing of curses emphasized its feminine style here, for reasons such as cultural and educational poverty of women in ambiguous situations, a tendency towards superstitions and folk beliefs had gained prominence. In this novel, there were various examples of cultural and social issues, which showed that women's social rights were not equal to men. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - The Status Of Woman In The Controversy Of Iranian Discourses (Emphasize On Discourse Of Imam Khomeini)
Yarmohammad Ghasemi Mehrdad Navabakhsh Rohola StackAccording to discourse theory, the world is the product of competition between different discourses. So the controversy between discourses is the driving force of history and political life of human societies and the rivalry between ancient, traditional, constitutional, MoreAccording to discourse theory, the world is the product of competition between different discourses. So the controversy between discourses is the driving force of history and political life of human societies and the rivalry between ancient, traditional, constitutional, Pahlavi, and Imam Khomeini's discourse about women signifiers is not exception of this law. This article, by adopting the theory and method of analyzing of discourse seeks to answer this question: what is the difference between the identity and position of the woman signifier in the discourse of Imam Khomeini with previous discourses in Iranian history? It is assumed that the discourse of Imam Khomeini, in contrast to previous discourses that have neglected either attention to religion or human beings mean and express women based on a universal identity consistent with Islamic-Iranian culture. The results of the analysis show that Imam Khomeini, while rejecting the schematic view of women in the Constitutional and Pahlavi discourses that influenced by the thought of modernity, directly and indirectly criticized the theoretical principle of traditional discourse about inequality between men and women and attempts to explain the humanity position of woman and equality of her right based on time- compatible understanding from the religion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - Effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction on Cognitive Flexibility and Coping Styles of Women in Female-headed Households
Sajad Basharpoor Nasim Mohammadi Sara Asadi ShishegaranThe current research was conducted with the goal of investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on cognitive flexibility and coping styles of women in female-headed households covered by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Rasht. 30 of whom were MoreThe current research was conducted with the goal of investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on cognitive flexibility and coping styles of women in female-headed households covered by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Rasht. 30 of whom were selected through convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 ones) and control (15 ones). The research method was a quasi-experimental and pre-test and post-test design with control group was used. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions 90-minutes of mindfulness based stress reduction training. To collect data the Dennis and Vonderval (2010) Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire and Jaloveys and Powers (1984) Coping Styles Questionnaire were utilized. The gathered data were analyzed using covariance MANCOVA analysis. Results showed the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on flexibility of cognitive and coping style and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0/001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - The Relationship between Humor and Difficulty In Setting Excitement With Quality Of Marital Relationship In Female Nurses In Ahvaz Hospitals
Firoozeh Faraji Amin KoraeiThe purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between humor and difficulty in regulating excitement and the quality of marital relationship in female nurses. The population of this study was all married female nurses in Ahwaz city hospitals. A sampl MoreThe purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between humor and difficulty in regulating excitement and the quality of marital relationship in female nurses. The population of this study was all married female nurses in Ahwaz city hospitals. A sample of 180 nurses were selected through simple random sampling. The research was descriptive-correlational. Data were collected by Norton Marriage Quality Questionnaire (1983), Sadat Khoshui and colleagues Humor Questionnaire (2009) and Grats and Romer's (2004) Emotional Regulation Scale. Data analysis was performed via using Pearson's simple correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The results of simple correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant correlation between humor and difficulty components in emotional regulation, including the component of non-acceptance of emotional responses, problems in the management of targeted behaviors, problems with impulse control, lack of emotional awareness, lack of access to emotional regulation strategies and lack of emotional clarity with the quality of marital relationship. The results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that the variables of humor, the components of problems in the management of targeted behaviors, lack of emotional awareness, and the component of problems in controlling the impulse were the significant most important predictors of the marital quality of female nurses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
181 - The Role of Iranian Female Influencers Concerning Betrayals, Coolness and the Aims of Brands on Social Medias
Moahammad Bashokouh Ajirloo Vahideh Ebrahimi KharajoThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Iranian women influencers concerning betrayals, coolness and the aims of commercial brands on social medias. The statistical population of the study included all Iranian female influencers in the social medias. Th MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Iranian women influencers concerning betrayals, coolness and the aims of commercial brands on social medias. The statistical population of the study included all Iranian female influencers in the social medias. The sample subsumed all Iranian female influencers who were active in Instagram. The research was designed as descriptive- analytical. To collect data library method was implemented. After reviewing the data, the results indicated that the female influencers on social medias had positive impact on their web-pages audiences specially the young women. They were recognized as favorite and professional individuals. The betrayals and coolness of the female influencers had also effects on the trans-social relationships, attitude and confidence to the brands. The betrayals of the female influencers caused negative attitude towards the brands. Therefore, they consider the necessity of being present in different social medias, knowing the culture and literatures of every social media user to produce contents with respect to that and to establish friendly relation with the audiences. The cool female influencers with their attractive appearances were also able to have more effects on the consumers’ perceptions and caused positive attitude in their followers toward the brands. The female influencers tried to improve their knowledge so they could be able to imply the related reliable techniques to advertise their brands. And ultimately to build a mentality in their followers so to be knowns as noble, alive, attractive, extraordinary, with high position and desirable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - Female Employees’ Perspectives on Quality of Work Life (Case Study: Kish Island Civil, Water, Services Firm)
Mohammad Reza Saadi Hasan Budlaie Alireza Kooshki Jahromi Mohammadhosein Kenarroodi Mahsa ShojaeeThe objective of the present research was to identify the components affecting the work life quality of female employees of Kish Island Civil, Water, Services Company and the factors affecting these components. The population of the study were female employees of Kish I MoreThe objective of the present research was to identify the components affecting the work life quality of female employees of Kish Island Civil, Water, Services Company and the factors affecting these components. The population of the study were female employees of Kish Island Civil, Water, Services Company. The research sample was 24 individuals whom were selected via a semi-structured interview. The research design was qualitative and its analysis was performed by thematic analysis. Research findings included nine effective factors on improving the quality of work life of women such as: quality of work environment, communication in the organization, human dignity, family-oriented facilities offering and policies, career factors, attention to organizational factors, solving organizational problems, forging staff promotion and organizational progress. The results also indicated that special attention to the mental health of employed women, their welfare, fun and fun events, sport classes, consultations with recreation and tourism sites to consider a discount for the employees, organizing women's sports events, solving employee insurance problems were the factors which organization could do to ensure the safety, health and welfare of the staff. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
183 - Poor Learning and academic performance of female high school students; Examining the experiences of female teachers
Mohammad Amini Seyed Ahmad Madani Fatemeh BaghsheykhyThe main objective of this research was to investigate and explore the most important factors affecting learning weakness and poor academic performance of female students in secondary education of Kashan, based on the experiences and narratives of the teache MoreThe main objective of this research was to investigate and explore the most important factors affecting learning weakness and poor academic performance of female students in secondary education of Kashan, based on the experiences and narratives of the teachers of this level. The general approach to this research is a qualitative approach which based on the grounded theory and use of the lived experience research tradition through the process of deep semi-structured interview. In this regard, using the purposeful sampling method, the experiences of 19 second high school teaches were collected and analyzed through the three-step open, axial and selective coding process. The results and findings of this research showed that the most important factors associated with the weakness of female students’ learning and academic performance of were teachers, communication technologies, family, textbooks, structure and planning of the educational system, lack of facilities, equipment and spacel, evaluation methods, time and social, cultural and economic facts of society. At the same time, the researchers by focusing on above factors deduced and abstracted two principal themes or phenomena of research, schooling factors (internal variables) and social factors (external variables). These factors are the main factors explaining the weakness of learning and reducing the academic performance of second-grade female students.Obviously, the implementation of the necessary strategies for coping with the problems associated with the mentioned factors requires an organized and coherent effort of the educational system especially in the secondary school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
184 - The Reflection of Female Loneliness in the Patriarchal Society in the Poetry of Simin Behbahani and Fatemah Na'out
Rouhollah Mahdian Torghabeh Ali HeydariThe aim of the present study was to investigate the issue of female loneliness in the shadow of patriarchy and its reflection in the poems of Simin Behbahaani and Fatemah Na'out. The research statistical universe subsumed Simin Behbahani's collected poems and "My Name i MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the issue of female loneliness in the shadow of patriarchy and its reflection in the poems of Simin Behbahaani and Fatemah Na'out. The research statistical universe subsumed Simin Behbahani's collected poems and "My Name is not Dificult" by Fatemah Na'out. The studied sample included the poems of Simin Behbahaani and Na'out which refer to the subject of loneliness. The research was based on a descriptive-analytical method. The analysis was done by extracting the most obvious manifestations from the reflection of the loneliness problem in the poetry of Simin Behbahaani and Fatemah Na'out and through analyzing and comparison of these feminine and poetic soliloquies. The results showed that what made the common themes more noteworthy in the works of these two poets was living in a more or less similar environment, with limitations and old traditions, and misogyny caused by patriarchy culture that the two Iranian and Egyptian traditional community suffering from. The results also indicated that the isolation of women, their limitations in establishing social relations, deprivation from respect and proper status and the dominance of patriarchy in all relations of family and social life, formed a major part of the concerns of both poets which caused a considerable part of the poems of these two ladies to be dedicated to the representation of female loneliness in the patriarchal society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - The Causal Relationship Between Media Literacy and Social Responsibility with the Mediating Role of Cultural Capital in Female Students
Zohreh Cheraghi Fatemeh BohloolThe purpose of this research was to investigate the causal relationship between media literacy and social responsibility with the mediating role of cultural capital in female students. The statistical population included all the female students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad Uni MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the causal relationship between media literacy and social responsibility with the mediating role of cultural capital in female students. The statistical population included all the female students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University, in 2022. The sample subsumed 310 subjects whom were selected by convenience sampling procedure. The applied method was correlational and structural equation modeling type. The measuring instruments were Media literacy Questionnaire (Falsafi, 2014), Social Responsibility Questionnaire (Talabi and Khosbin, 2015), and Cultural Capital Questionnaire (Bourdieu, 1999). The data were analyzed by applying structural equation modeling and using SPSS-24 and AMOS-24. The results showed that the proposed model had a relatively acceptable goodness of fit indices. The findings indicated a direct and significant relationship between media literacy dimensions (understanding the content of media literacy, awareness of the hidden goals of media literacy, conscious selection of media literacy, critical look at media literacy and media literacy analysis) with social responsibility and cultural capital. In addition, cultural capital had a positive and significant relationship with social responsibility. The results also revealed an indirect significant relation of media literacy and social responsibility via mediating the cultural capital. Therefore, increasing the level of media literacy and cultural capital plays an important role in increasing social responsibility in female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - Analyzing the Attitude and Context of the Feminism Term Formation in Female Students
Afsaneh Tavassoli Zahra Mirhosseini Masoumeh KamaliThe purpose of the current research was to analyze the attitude and context of the feminism term formation among female students. The research population included all the female students in over the country. The research sample subsumed 15 subjects who were selected via MoreThe purpose of the current research was to analyze the attitude and context of the feminism term formation among female students. The research population included all the female students in over the country. The research sample subsumed 15 subjects who were selected via purposive sampling procedure. The research method was qualitative research and phenomenological study. Data was collected through semi-in-depth and semi-structured interviews and three main categories and 10 sub-categories were extracted. The findings showed: the word feminism has many concepts and different approaches. And according to the family and social background of each person and the gender stereotypes of each society, it is possible to describe redefinition of feminism. The existence of various ideas and mentality towards feminism caused it to be described differently by individuals. The understanding of the attitudes of different groups in society regarding feminist thoughts is important to study, discover, describe and perception of the female students’ attitude. Understanding the attitude of students can inform researchers and academicians about the thoughts and the meaning of feminism, the female students’ point of view and its prevalence among people in society. Also, there were different feedbacks regarding this word due to the non-nativeness of the feminist approach. According to the students’ point of views, western teachings were the basis of feminism and their dissemination without localization would cause them to be dominated on the society's culture. Therefore, according to the obtained concepts and categories, it is necessary to revise the feminist approach based on Islamic teachings and rich Iranian culture and redefine it as an approach towards the realization of equality between men and women based on their dignity and their unique position. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - The Effectiveness of Aerobic Exercises on Family- Work Conflict and Psychological Well-Being in Female Managers
Mohammad Hassan FerdowsiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercises on family- work conflict and psychological well-being in female managers. The statistical population of the study included all female managers in Ahvaz during the academic year of 2019-2020. Th MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercises on family- work conflict and psychological well-being in female managers. The statistical population of the study included all female managers in Ahvaz during the academic year of 2019-2020. The sample subsumed 30 female managers who were selected by purposive sampling procedure and randomly allocated in to two experimental and control group; 15 participants each. The design of the study was a quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and a control group. The Meyer (1996) Work-Conflict Conflict Questionnaire and Reef Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire were used to collect data. The experimental group was exposed to 12 sessions of 60 minutes’ aerobic exercise. The control group received none. multivariate analysis of covariance(MANCOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to analyzed data. The results showed that aerobic exercises had significant effect on family- work conflict and psychological well-being in female managers . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - Identifying the Factors Affecting the Perceived Benefits of Social Commerce For Female Online Retail Customers
Monire Ghahreman Shahraki Soheila Zarinjoi Alvar Narges EbrahimiThe present study aimed to identify the factors affecting the perceived benefits of social commerce for female online retail customers. The study population was all scientific works related to the principles and dimensions of perceived benefits of social commerce of fem MoreThe present study aimed to identify the factors affecting the perceived benefits of social commerce for female online retail customers. The study population was all scientific works related to the principles and dimensions of perceived benefits of social commerce of female online retail customers which included 50 retrieval domestic and foreign scientific articles from 2000 to 2021. 30 articles of the mentioned articles were selected as sample. The research was designed as descriptive analytic one. To collect data library method was utilized. By referring to the translated and authored books the necessary note taking on index cards was done and the articles which had the most content concordance and similarity; concerning the subject, key words and the model were reviewed. Finally, the findings showed that the most important factors affecting the perceived benefits were categorized in seven dimensions which included; motivation, willingness to contribute to social business information, social business participation behavior, dimensions of social business, variables and underlying factors of trust and sharing behavior, factors of social and individual interaction and finally gender. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - The Effect of Female Modesty on The Cohesion of the Family and its Impacts on the Pure Life
Mahya Hakakan Nafiseh Fayazbakhsh Esmat Savadi Mohammad Reza ShahroudiThe purpose of the present study was to explain the effect of women's modesty on the cohesion of the family and its impacts on the pure life. The research universe was Islamic references related to modesty. The research sample was the concept of female modesty. The desi MoreThe purpose of the present study was to explain the effect of women's modesty on the cohesion of the family and its impacts on the pure life. The research universe was Islamic references related to modesty. The research sample was the concept of female modesty. The design of the research was descriptive-analytical. The data collecting was through library-documentary and the information analyzing method was based on the interpretation approach. In such a way that the connection between the concept of "female modesty" and the pure life via reviewing of the religious texts (verses and related narrations), the effects of modesty on the individual, family and the society were explained. The results showed that the sacred center of the family could provide the ground for the cultivation of modesty if the woman as its main element was an objective model of modesty. In this case, the family would be strengthened and protected from collapse and other numerous damages. The modesty of a woman by strengthening the family as the cell of the society led the society reaching to pure life. also. Women's modesty plays an effective role in the position of wife and mother, paving the way for individuals, families and society to reach a virtuous life and tasting the taste of a transcendental and pure life to the society. In fact, by adorning the woman and the family with the ornament of modesty, the society moves on the path of happiness and pure life. One of the main consequences of establishing the modesty is that the individual and the society reach a pure life as the best kind of life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Language Psychology and Female Gender Roles Concerning Expressive Verses of Female Poets
Zahra Ismail Yan Azari Narges Oskouie Hossein DadashiThe purpose of this research was to analyze and interpret the gender roles reflected in expressive verses of female poets. The statistical universe of the research included the expressive verses of female poets. The sample embraced expressive verses of Simin Behbahani, MoreThe purpose of this research was to analyze and interpret the gender roles reflected in expressive verses of female poets. The statistical universe of the research included the expressive verses of female poets. The sample embraced expressive verses of Simin Behbahani, Forough Farrokhzad, Sepideh Kashani and Tahereh Safarzadeh. The combined research method was descriptive-comparative-analytical-statistical.) The data collection promoted through the library method. The results indicated that the analysis and interpretation of the gender roles reflected in the expressive verses text of female poets were based on the theory of Sandra Bem's gender glasses. By describing 20 strong attributes for women in gender roles, she provided a model for determining the extent of women's belief in the identity and gender labels that culture and power have favored and designed for them. Significant signs of the narrator's mental image of her "I" were manifested in the expressive verses language context, which could draw and complete the author's identity-gender scheme for psychological research. The results also showed that the words according to women's moods in expressive verses manifested women's deep sensory-emotional signs and their commitment to the world (others, nature, society). Women were warm and sensitive to the needs of "others". Sadness, acceptance of fate, inferiority, resorting to religious beliefs and sometimes superstitions to save from personal and collective troubles, commitment to perform socio-cultural rituals and being submissive were the main identity-gender characteristics of women. Simple and brief sentences in women's poetry expressed characteristics such as lack of openness, being brief, accepting and not criticizing or demanding rights from women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - The Moderating Role Of Management Styles On The Relationship Between Interpersonal Conflicts And Deviant Behaviors Among Women Nurses
محسن Golparvar زهرا Vaseghi زهرا Javadian Sh Sadeghi مایده AbediniThis research was administered with the aim of studying the moderating role of conflict managelment styles in relationship between conflict with supervisor and coworkers and female nurses’ delviant behaviors. The research pattern was correlation one. The statistic MoreThis research was administered with the aim of studying the moderating role of conflict managelment styles in relationship between conflict with supervisor and coworkers and female nurses’ delviant behaviors. The research pattern was correlation one. The statistical population was the whole140 female nurses from a hospital in Esfahan city. 100 nurses were selected by using conveniencesampling method. The research instruments consisted of Conflict Management Styles Questionlnaire (De drew et al, 2001), researcher made questionnaire of conflict with coworkers and supervilsor, and Deviant Behaviors Questionnaire (Robinson and Bennett, 1995). Data were analyzed withthe use of Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis. Results revealed thatforcing moderated the relationship between conflict with supervisor and coworkers and deviantbehaviors toward hospital and coworkers. Current research evidences showed that when forcing asa conflict management style was high, and women nurses exposed to conflict with supervisor andcoworkers, increase in deviant behaviors toward coworkers and supervisor occurred. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - The Relationship between Goal Orientation and Meta Cognition with Academic Self-Efficacy in Female Students of Ahvaz Branch Islamic Azad University
Sahar Safarzadeh Fatemeh Sadat MarashianThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between goal orientation and Meta cognition with academic self-efficacy in female students of Ahvaz Branch Islamic Azad University. The sample of research included 200 subjects who were selected based on s MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between goal orientation and Meta cognition with academic self-efficacy in female students of Ahvaz Branch Islamic Azad University. The sample of research included 200 subjects who were selected based on stratified random sampling. For the measurement of the variables, Midgley’s Goal Orientation Questionnaire, State Meta-cognition Inventory (ESM) and College Academic Self-efficacy Scale (CASES) were used. To analyze data Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariable regression analysis were employed as statistical methods. The results revealed that there was significant relation between goals mastery, performance-approach goals, performance-avoidance goals and meta cognition with academic self-efficacy. Also regression analysis showed that mastery goals and meta cognition were respectively predictive variables for the academic self-efficacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - The Relationship between Critical Thinking and Meta Cognition with Academic Success in Female Students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University
Sahar Safarzadeh Fatemeh Sadat MarashianThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between critical thinking and meta cognition with academic success in female students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University. The sample included 200 subjects who were selected based on stratified random samplin MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between critical thinking and meta cognition with academic success in female students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University. The sample included 200 subjects who were selected based on stratified random sampling. To measure the variables California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTST), State Meta-cognition Inventory (ESM) and Academic Success were used. To analyze the data Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariable regression (p≤ 0.0001) were employed as statistical methods. The results revealed that there was significant relationship between critical thinking and Meta cognition with academic success. The regression output also indicated that critical thinking and Meta cognition were well predictive to academic success. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - The Relationship Between Perfectionism and Aggressive Behavior In Female Basketball Players
Iran Mehdizadegoun Zahra SalimianThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and aggressive behavior in female basketball players in Esfahan. Statistical universe was the total female basketball players in Esfahan (105 players). 80 female basketball players were sele MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and aggressive behavior in female basketball players in Esfahan. Statistical universe was the total female basketball players in Esfahan (105 players). 80 female basketball players were selected by convenience (within reach) sampling. Frost Multiple Perfectionism Scale (1990) and Bredemeier Athletic Aggression Inventory (1975) (hostile aggression items) were administered to collect data. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that: there were negative significant relation between the concern over mistake and hostile aggression, between doubt about actions and hostile aggression and between parental criticism and hostile aggression (P≤0/05). The results also revealed that: there was no any significant relation between the parental expectation, personal standards and organization with hostile aggression. Furthermore, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that, concern over mistakes could significantly predict the hostile aggression through one step. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - Relationship Of Religious Beliefs, Identity Styles And Personality Traits With Depression Among Female Students
Iran Mehdizadegan Narges RaeesiThe main purpose of this study was to study the relationship between religious beliefs, identity styles and personality traits with depression among female students of Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan). The research method was correlation, and research stat MoreThe main purpose of this study was to study the relationship between religious beliefs, identity styles and personality traits with depression among female students of Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan). The research method was correlation, and research statistical population included all students of the mentioned population, among them 370 person were selected via multi-stage random cluster sampling and participated in this study. A set of questionnaires included Muslims Religious Beliefs (Serajzadeh, 1377), Identity Style (Berzonsky, 1989), Big Five Factors Personality Traits (NEO-FFI) by Costa and McCrae (1985) and Beck Depression Questionnaire (BDI-II), were used in current study. Data were analyzed by use of Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariable regression analysis . The results showed that there were significant negative relationship between depression and total religious beliefs and its dimensions( faith, religious emotions, consequence and ritual (P≤0/01)). There were also significant negative relationship between depression and informational identity, normative identity and significant positive relationship with disoriented - avoidance identity (P≤0/01). Moreover, Depression had a significant positive relationship with neuroticism and had significant negative relationship with extroversion, agreeableness, openness to experience and conscientiousness (P≤0/01) as well. Furthermore, results of multivariable regression analysis showed that extraversion, commitment, agreeableness, avoidance, informational and neuroticism were able to predict 91% of depression variance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - The Comparison Of Death Anxiety, Optimism And Sense Of Humor Among Female Nurses
Farah Naderi سعید Bakhtiar poor مینا ShokouhiIn the current established study the comparison of optimism, sense of humor and death anxiety among nurses in different wards of Ahwaz Golestan Hospital was proceeded. Statistical universe included all the female nurses of Ahwaz Golestan Hospital (240 nurses) being in d MoreIn the current established study the comparison of optimism, sense of humor and death anxiety among nurses in different wards of Ahwaz Golestan Hospital was proceeded. Statistical universe included all the female nurses of Ahwaz Golestan Hospital (240 nurses) being in duty for the year 1389 in seven different wards: The General Emergency, Intensive Care Unit, Nephrology(kidney Diseases), Surgery, Psychiatry, Internal Operating Room and pediatrics(Children) wards. The sample encompassed 200 female nurses whom were selected randomly via simple sampling procedure. Collelt-Lester Fear of Death Scale (Cl-FODS), Attribution Styles Questionnaire (ASQ) and the Sense of Humor Scale (Martin and Lefcourt) were responded by the subjects as data source. The research was designed as ex-post facto. Data analysis through multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Sheffe post hoc test were implemented. The findings revealed that nurses in hospital various wards differed significantly in terms of death anxiety but no any significant difference was observed with respect to other variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - The relationship between personality traits and social support with job satisfaction of female teachers in Ahvaz city
پرویز Askary فرح Naderi کبرا HakalThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and social support with job satisfaction of female teachers in Ahvaz city. The research sample consisted of 200 female teachers in Ahvaz city who were randomly selected in a cluster MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and social support with job satisfaction of female teachers in Ahvaz city. The research sample consisted of 200 female teachers in Ahvaz city who were randomly selected in a cluster and were evaluated with tests of personality traits, social support of Philip and JDI job satisfaction. The current research was correlational and data analysis using Pearson's correlation method at a significance level of P < 0.05 showed that there is a significant relationship with job satisfaction in terms of the components of conscientiousness, extroversion and agreeableness and social support. , but in terms of the components of neuroticism and openness, there is no significant relationship with job satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - The Relationship Of Emotional Intelligence and Coping Styles With Mental Health among Female Students Of Andimeshk Islamic Azad University
سودابه Basak nezhad مریم Esfahani asl نسرین Mahmoudi ghale naviThe aim of current research was to investigate the relationship of emotional intelligence and coping styles with mental health among female students of the Andimeshk Islamic Azad University. The study sample included 170 female students that were selected by simple rand MoreThe aim of current research was to investigate the relationship of emotional intelligence and coping styles with mental health among female students of the Andimeshk Islamic Azad University. The study sample included 170 female students that were selected by simple random sampling. To gather data Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (Bar-on), , Endlr and Parker Coping Styles Questionnaire and Symptom Check List (SCL 90-R) were implemented .The research designed to be a correlation type. The results of data analyzing via using multi-variable regression and Pearson correlation coefficient in a significance level of (P‹0/05) showed that there was a significant relation between emotional intelligence and coping styles with mental health. The results also indicated that the avoidance coping style and emotional intelligence was a significant predictor for mental health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Women's Role Representation in Iranian Cinema A Survey on Cultural Policies in the Cinema before and After the Islamic
لنا Abdolkhani محمد NasrabadiThis study proposed a theoretical framework based on “critical theory” of the sociology of art. This theory is based on Reaction hypothesis which shows the art as a mirror, reflects social characteristics of a given society. It involves descriptive and docum MoreThis study proposed a theoretical framework based on “critical theory” of the sociology of art. This theory is based on Reaction hypothesis which shows the art as a mirror, reflects social characteristics of a given society. It involves descriptive and documentary research methods. The technique used in this study is the qualitative analysis of content. Our hypothesis suggested that there is a clear difference between the representation of women in respect to the contents and subjects in the movies before and after the Islamic Iran’s Revolution. The data showed that the representation of women in the Iranian cinema has been changed dramatically in the two periods i.e. before and after the second year of 1979 post years. These changes occurred due to the issues such as representation of women in modern movies, quality of jobs, type of clothing and veil, cultural-related products use, personal skills, dialogues contents, level of education, beliefs, language, mechanisms that lead to resolving personal and family problems and etc. The overall results indicated that shift in cultural policymaking of the Iranian Cinema led to a differing view about representation of women in Cinema after the Islamic Revolution of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - The Study On Motivational Factors In Gaining Managerial Position In Female Staff In The Physical Education General Departments In Western Iran
سمیرا AliabadiThis study aimed to examine motivational factors of gaining managerial position in female staff in physical education general departments of western region in Iran. The methodology was descriptive and the statistical population included female staff in provinces of Kurd MoreThis study aimed to examine motivational factors of gaining managerial position in female staff in physical education general departments of western region in Iran. The methodology was descriptive and the statistical population included female staff in provinces of Kurdistan, Ilam, Kermanshah and Hamedan physical education general departments. There were 65 female staffs.The sample was equivalent to the population due to restriction of population number. The research data collecting questionnaires consisted of two sections. The first section was Personal Characteristics Questionnaire, and the second were Management Motivation Questionnaire, Organizational Climate Questionnaire, Hofsted Organizational Culture Questionnaire, and Organizational Structure Questionnaire. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was significant p≤0/001. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including KS, Kendall and Pearson’s correlation was used. Results showed that, there were no significant relation between personal factors with management motivation in female staff in physical education general departments of western region, and there were also significant relation between organizational structure and organizational climate with management motivation. The findings also indicated that there was no significant relation between organizational cultures with management motivation in the female staff. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - Psychological Approach To The Female Character In Shahnameh
Nasrin Davoudnia Naser Sarraj Khoram Ali Akbar Joula zadeh IsmailiIn general, there were about twenty women who played significant role in the Shahnameh, most of whom lived in the epic era. Among these women Tahmineh and Gordafarid could be mentioned since both were effective in the story of Rostam and Sohrab. This study was purposed MoreIn general, there were about twenty women who played significant role in the Shahnameh, most of whom lived in the epic era. Among these women Tahmineh and Gordafarid could be mentioned since both were effective in the story of Rostam and Sohrab. This study was purposed to analyze these two characters, from the perspective of the Karen Horney and Sigmund Freud psychological approach. The findings of this research suggested that Tahmineh based on Horney's approach through extreme effort tried to overcome the need for safety and the basic anxiety by possessing Rastam as strong life partner. After Rostam death she retried to satisfy such needs by replacing Sohrab instead of Rostam. But with the death of Sohrab not only did not escape from her situation, but due to her failure to pass the stages of grief ultimately would faced early death. Gordafarid also seemed to be, according to Freud, her Electra complex caused incomplete formation of the superego, as a result of the use of simulation defense mechanism and women revenge against men trying to protest and overcome against male supremacy and to prove woman superioty. More importantly, she by fleeing the male chauvinist look against women tried to escape from their femininity, even though the price was the negation of the basic feminine features. However, at the end of a return to his true character (using the female characteristics) was more successful in battle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Investigating the Causes for Domestic Violence against Women
مریم Sabeti روح انگیز Latifi مهرداد MohammadianThe purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of domestic violence against women in the city of Tehran 300 subjects were selected by cluster sampling. A survey research design was documented. To collect data questionnaires and interviews were implemented. Resu MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of domestic violence against women in the city of Tehran 300 subjects were selected by cluster sampling. A survey research design was documented. To collect data questionnaires and interviews were implemented. Results showed a statistically significant correlation between the reduction of power, economic and social base, patriarchal, traditionalism, patriarchal ideology, place of birth, division of roles and learning patterns of violence with violence against women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - Study of Female Teachers knowledge on Environmental Issues
Nafiseh Salehy Azita KoushafarWomen via food, water, household waste and energy management at home could create very positive results to maintain the environment. The purpose of environmental education was to increase awareness and or the ability to recognize and describe the environmental MoreWomen via food, water, household waste and energy management at home could create very positive results to maintain the environment. The purpose of environmental education was to increase awareness and or the ability to recognize and describe the environmental issues so the people can acquire skills or to develop methods to solve environmental problems. The aim of this study was to estimate the environmental education objectives, assess the level of knowledge of teachers in secondary schools in the Ahvaz region 4 in relation to environmental issues in 1393 .100 questionnaires containing 17 items were distributed in 4 schools in Ahwaz region. Collected data were analyzed with descriptive methods. The results showed the necessity of environmental education in the community and lack of environmental information. The sample teachers stated lack of environmental responsibility and ignorance, and ignorance of the people were as causes of environmental issues worsening. A large number of teachers remarked that direct education to students and educational workshops were to be considering as effective methods. The most important environmental problems in the country according to the respondents was the lack of environmental responsibility, the current energy crisis, air pollution and waste disposal. Such estimation reflected the low teachers ' knowledge of environmental problems. Because problems such as degradation and depletion of natural resources, global warming and population growth are far more important than the broader principles of waste disposal. Therefore, it is recommended that the Ministry of Education should consider a series of scientifc studies and environmental planning related to the environment in course content in different ways. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - The Efficacy of Life Skills Training on Islamic Azad University Female Students’ Mental Health
A. A. GatezadehThe purpose of the current research was to investigate the efficacy of life skills training on Susangerd Islamic Azad University counseling and guidance major field female students’ mental health. The sample included 40 students that were selected randomly amongst MoreThe purpose of the current research was to investigate the efficacy of life skills training on Susangerd Islamic Azad University counseling and guidance major field female students’ mental health. The sample included 40 students that were selected randomly amongst those students. The subjects were divided randomly to two groups: test group and control group, 20 students in each group. The test group received 12 sessions of life skills training, 90 minutes each; while the control group did not receive any. Pre-test and post–test on mental health were implied for both groups. Finally the two groups were compared. After one month the consistency test was conducted for the both groups as well. T-test for independent groups and covariance analysis were used as statistical procedure. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the scores of the post – test of the test group in comparison to the control group. That means life skills training caused increasing of mental health in the test group female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - Survey of Female Oriented Viewpoint and Its Reflection in Simin Daneshvar’s Works
Nasrin Davoudnia Mokhtar EbrahimiThe aim of current research was to review female oriented viewpoint in Simin Daneshvar’s works to answer the question that if she had female oriented and feminist tendencies in her stories? Daneshvar’s stories, which she was one of the contemporary authors, MoreThe aim of current research was to review female oriented viewpoint in Simin Daneshvar’s works to answer the question that if she had female oriented and feminist tendencies in her stories? Daneshvar’s stories, which she was one of the contemporary authors, were established based on a kind of realistic viewpoint toward woman conditions in the society and the current era. To create woman personage, the author tried to create the ideal woman via symbolism. Such a compromise was resulted due to conscious and sometimes unconscious domination of the patriarchic society. She expressed feminist and women’s rights advocate orientations in her stories by illustrating issues such as traditional marriage, men’s diverse sexism, women’s indecent behavior, feminist topics, woman social rights, child - mother relationship and maternal feelings, out of home work and etc.. Of course, it should be considered that Daneshvar picked a moderate feminist approach so she could effectively and properly play her role in the society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - The requirements for achieving easy marriage from the eyes of elites and female students; A qualitative study
Tayebeh ZareieIntroduction: Marriage and the ease of doing it is one of the human needs, and this research was conducted with the aim of identifying the requirements for the realization of an easy marriage. Method: The study method is qualitative and based on the theme analysis appro MoreIntroduction: Marriage and the ease of doing it is one of the human needs, and this research was conducted with the aim of identifying the requirements for the realization of an easy marriage. Method: The study method is qualitative and based on the theme analysis approach. The studied population was elite women and female graduate students of Kermanshah province in 1402, and 12 of them were interviewed by theoretical and purposeful sampling, according to the principle of theoretical saturation. Collecting the required information was done with in-depth semi-structured interviews and their analysis was done with the Colaizzi's model. Findings: The analysis of information led to the emergence of three general topics of prerequisites, bases and necessary conditions (with 4 subcategories of marriage goals, religious and human values, resources and facilities, economic and social factors and conditions), technical factors and executive (with 4 sub-categories of supporting young people, guarantees, marriage parties and holding ceremonies) and works and results of easy marriage (with 2 sub-categories of primary works and results and secondary works and results)along with 90 sub-themes and 218 general concepts became. Conclusion:The examination of the requirements and solutions for the realization of easy marriage shows that the realization of this requires all-round cooperation and a jihad movement by public institutions and people, which is the basis for increasing the marriage rate on the one hand and strengthening the family foundation on the other hand.And it can be a useful model in various aspects of life, helping young people and families. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
207 - The effectiveness of reality therapy with Islamic approach on stress, spiritual health and coping strategies of female-headed households
, Abbas Sadeghi Ashkan Ali Mohammadi Mina Mahmoudi Tabar Reza dinarvand Zahra dargahiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of reality therapy with an Islamic approach on stress, spiritual health and coping strategies of female-headed households. The research design was quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with control group and ran MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of reality therapy with an Islamic approach on stress, spiritual health and coping strategies of female-headed households. The research design was quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with control group and random selection. The statistical population of this study included all female-headed households members of welfare centers in Ahvaz. Sampling in this study was done by purposive sampling. For this purpose, first 30 female-headed households were selected and completed the corona anxiety questionnaire and then randomly divided into two groups (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The intervention was performed on the experimental group in 10 sessions and two sessions of 45 minutes per week. The control group did not receive any intervention during this period. Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 software and analysis of covariance. Findings showed that reality therapy with an Islamic approach has had a significant effect on reducing stress, increasing spiritual health and improving coping strategies of female-headed households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - The relationship between Perceived Social Support and Perceived Organizational Support with Sports Participation in Female Students
omid safari asma sadatroshan afshin rostamiIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between perceived social support and perceived organizational support with sports participation in high school female students of Mamasani city. Research methodology: The statistical populatio MoreIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between perceived social support and perceived organizational support with sports participation in high school female students of Mamasani city. Research methodology: The statistical population of the research is all female high school students in Mamasani city which according to the statistics obtained from the recruitment offices, are equal to 3491 people. The statistical sample was 351 people using Morgan's table and random cluster sampling method. The nature of this research is descriptive survey research, and data collection was based on library and field studies, and data collection tools included Nahapiet and Ghoshal's standard social capital (1998), Eisenberger et al.'s perceived organizational support (1990) and Parsamehr et al.'s sports participation (2013) questionnaires. Data analysis was done via SPSS statistical software. Findings: The results of the research indicate that there is a significant relationship between the perceived social support and the perceived organizational support with the sports participation of female high school students in Mamasani city(P ≤ 0.01). Conclusion: As a result, it is appropriate to pay more attention to the variables of perceived social support and perceived organizational support in this organization in order to improve the sports participation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
209 - Explaining the Role of Educational, Instructional and Research Productivity (Case Study: Girls' Campus of Bushehr Farhangian University)
Zahra MohammadiIntroduction: The aim of this study is to explain the role of educational, instructional and research productivity in university as a case study at Girls' Campus of Bushehr Farhangian University. Research methodology: The research method was a descriptive survey and th MoreIntroduction: The aim of this study is to explain the role of educational, instructional and research productivity in university as a case study at Girls' Campus of Bushehr Farhangian University. Research methodology: The research method was a descriptive survey and the statistical population (due to the small size) included professors, heads of departments, and educational, cultural and research vice-chancellors, as well as talented student teachers, amongst whom 50 people (15 professors and 35 student teachers) were selected as samples. Data was gathered via a researcher-made questionnaire (2023) with 15 closed-answer questions. The validity and reliability (α=0.816) of the questionnaire were estimated and approved (using the experts' opinions) and in order to analyze the findings, the allocation and comparison of the obtained scores for each of the components were used and interpreted. Findings: Findings indicated that the productivity of the Girls' Campus of Bushehr Farhangian University would face some diversified indices which are considered and regarded in three sections: educational (consisting of 11 subsections), instructional (consisting of 7 subsections), and Research (consisting of 6 subsections). Conclusion: By explaining the role and promotion of productivity in this scientific and educational environment under the current conditions, it is possible to observe efficient and effective teaching and learning and ultimately optimal productivity in the girls' campus complex of Bushehr Farhangian University. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Psychological capital and Teachers' Job Burnout
Majid Sadoughi Zeinab zarjiniThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological capital with job burnout among female high school teachers. The study method was descriptive with correlational design. The study population included all high scho MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological capital with job burnout among female high school teachers. The study method was descriptive with correlational design. The study population included all high school and middle school teachers in Saveh, Iran (N=220) were taught in the academic year 94-95. Using Krejcie & Morgan Table (1970), 136 female high school teachers were selected through stratified multi-stage sampling. The respondents completed the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (shot), Luthans Psychological Capital Scale and Maslach Job Burnout Inventory. The data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation and Stepwise Multiple-Regression Analysis in SPSS 18 Software. The results revealed that there is significant inverse relationship between components of emotional intelligence and psychological capital with job burnout among teachers. The result of stepwise regression showed that self-efficacy, resilience and emotional expression evaluation can predict job burnout among teachers. The findings imply that improving emotional intelligence and psychological capital can lead to reduced employment problems resulting in burnout teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
211 - Bullying in high school male students: The role of perception of interaction, support and social acceptance
Hamid Reza samadifard Mohammad NarimaniThe present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between perception of social interaction, perceived social support and social acceptance with bullying among male students. Study method was descriptive and correlational. The study population included all MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between perception of social interaction, perceived social support and social acceptance with bullying among male students. Study method was descriptive and correlational. The study population included all high school male students in Ardabil city during 2015-16, which 128 of them were selected using multistage cluster sampling method. For data collection, the Glass's perception of social interaction scale (1994), Zimet's perceived social support scale (1988), Crowne & Marlowe social acceptance scale (1996) and bullying scale (2001) was used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results showed that is a significant relationship between perception of social interaction, perceived social support and social acceptance with bullying among students. The results of multiple regression showed that perception of interaction, support and social acceptance predict 0.47 of the bullying variance in student (p<0.05). Thus, we can conclude that perception of interaction, support and social acceptance the variables associated with students bullying and the ability to predict it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
212 - The Effect of Wells Metacognitive Therapy on Specific Characteristics of Social Anxiety in Female Students with Social Anxiety Disorder
SIMA SAFIKHANI GHOLIZADEH armin mahmoudi alireza maredpurPresent research, The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of Wales ‎Metacognitive Therapy on specific symptoms of social anxiety in female students with social ‎anxiety disorder.‎Research method: The design of this semi-educational study was MorePresent research, The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of Wales ‎Metacognitive Therapy on specific symptoms of social anxiety in female students with social ‎anxiety disorder.‎Research method: The design of this semi-educational study was carried out with a pre-test, ‎post-test and follow up with the control group. The statistical population of this study included ‎all students of Gachsaran universities and In this research, 300 students were selected using ‎social anxiety inventory. Then those whose anxiety scores were two standard deviations higher ‎than the mean, Separated and among them considering the likelihood of the participants ‎dropping, 60 subjects were randomly selected and randomly assigned to 30 experimental and ‎control groups. Social Anxiety Inventory was performed in three stages: pre-test, post-test and ‎follow-up for the groups. Following the implementation of ethical considerations (informed ‎consent, inclination, secrecy), The experimental group received metacognitive therapy and the ‎control group received no treatment. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive ‎statistics and covariance analysis and analyzed using SPSS software.‎Findings: The results of covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference ‎between the two groups in all of the components in the post test (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
213 - Determine the structural relationship between psychological capital and national-social identity with mediated civic culture of high school female students
Masoomeh Imanzadeh Noorali Farrokhi Hadi BahramiPresent study aimed to determine the structural relationship between psychological capital and national-social identity with mediated civic culture of high school female students. Research design was descriptive from type of correlation. Research population was high sch MorePresent study aimed to determine the structural relationship between psychological capital and national-social identity with mediated civic culture of high school female students. Research design was descriptive from type of correlation. Research population was high school female students of Marand county in 2016-17 academic years. Research sample was 330 people that selected by randomly multistage cluster sampling method. Data collected by the questionnaire of Luthans psychological capital, LotfAbadi national-social identity and Hemmati and Ahmadi civic culture. Due to the default of normalization for analyzed data used from partial least squares method. The result showed that psychological capital on civic culture and national-social identity and civic culture on national-social identity of female students had a direct and significant effect. Also, psychological capital with mediated civic culture on national-social identity of female students had an indirect and significant effect (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - The Effectiveness of Educational Intelligence Training Based on Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Theory on Social Utility and Educational Motivation in Isfahan female Students
khatereh bozorgmehri Fariba Hafezi Parviz Askary behnam makvandi Reza PashaThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Gardner Multiple Intelligence Training on social utility and academic motivation of female students. The design of this research was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group des MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Gardner Multiple Intelligence Training on social utility and academic motivation of female students. The design of this research was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group design. The statistical population consisted of all 10th grade students of Isfahan city in the academic year of 1394-1396. The sampling method was randomized. The sample was selected from among students of 4 schools and 30 students randomly selected and assigned to the experimental and control groups (each group was 15). The Krone-Marlow Social Utility Questionnaire and Valerand's Motivational Scale were used to collect data. Then, the experimental group participated in 14 regular sessions in the training sessions on intelligence education based on Gadner's theory. Data were analyzed using multivariate and single variable covariance analysis. The results of this study showed that the method of intelligence based on Gardner Multiple Intelligence Theory increased the social utility and academic motivation in the experimental group at the post-test stage (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - The Relationship between perception of social interaction and Learning cognitive Styles to critical thinking in Female High School Students
rezvan homaei Fakhralssadat Fatemi ArdestaniThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between of perception of social interactions and learning cognitive styles to critical thinking in female high school students in Ahvaz. The study was from descriptive and correlational type. A sample incl MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between of perception of social interactions and learning cognitive styles to critical thinking in female high school students in Ahvaz. The study was from descriptive and correlational type. A sample including 250 female high school students were selected. Subjects were tested by the Gela’s Patterns of Social Interaction Inventory (1994), the Kolb Cognitive Learning Style Inventory (1985) and the RickettsCritical Thinking Inventory (2003). To analyze data of the Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used as statistical methods. The results of Pearson correlation showed that there were significant and positive correlations between of perception of social interactions including positive thoughts to critical thinking (0/35) and there was a significant and negative correlation between learning cognitive styles of reflective observation with critical thinking (0/16). But, perception of social interactions in the field of negative thoughts (-0/08), and learning cognitive styles of concrete experience (0/05), abstract conceptualization (0/07), and active experimentation (0/06) had not significant correlation with critical thinking. Regression analysis showed that negative thoughts (reversely), positive thoughts, had multiple relationships to critical thinking and explained 16% of the variance of critical thinking. Also, results showed that positive thoughts and negative thoughts (reversely) were the strongest predictors of critical thinking respectively (P<0.05). So, finding indicate that increasing the perception of social interactions in the field of positive and negative thoughts in promoting critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - Testing the causal model of public health based on trust in God and social support with mediation Personality traits in women
Abdolamir gatezadeh somayeh hatamiThe aim of the current research is to test the causal model of public health based on trust in God and social support with the mediation of personality traits in women. The research method of this study is structural equation correlation. The studied population included MoreThe aim of the current research is to test the causal model of public health based on trust in God and social support with the mediation of personality traits in women. The research method of this study is structural equation correlation. The studied population included all female heads of families covered by Izeh city between May and July 1401 in the number of 1300 cases. 230 female heads of the family were selected based on JPower software as a purposeful sampling. To collect data, Beck and McDonald (2004) Trust in God questionnaires, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (1988), McCree and Costa (1989) five-factor personality scale, and Goldberg's General Health (1972) were used. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (path analysis). The analysis results confirmed the fit of the hypothetical research model. Path analysis coefficients showed that trust in God and social support have a direct effect on public health. Among the personality traits: neuroticism has a negative effect on public health, and extroversion, adaptability, responsibility, and empiricism have a direct and significant effect on public health. Also, trust in God and social support through personality traits have an indirect effect on general health. Therefore, it can be said that there is a relationship between trust in God and social support with general health, and this relationship can be moderated by the role of personality traits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - Comparison of Communication Patterns of Couples and problem solving in the family among married seminary and university male students
Javad Alehabib Davood Moeinan Mehryar AnasseriThe aim of this study was to compare the communication pattern of couples and solve family problems among married seminary and university male students. The research method was causal-comparative. In order to achieve the research objectives, all married male seminary an MoreThe aim of this study was to compare the communication pattern of couples and solve family problems among married seminary and university male students. The research method was causal-comparative. In order to achieve the research objectives, all married male seminary and university students in Qom were selected from a sample of 120 people (60 married male seminary students and 60 married male university students) by simple random sampling method. Couples' communication model questionnaires (Christensen and Salawi, 1984) and family problem solving (Ahmadi, 2003) were used to collect data. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha method, the value of which was higher than 0.7 for both questionnaires. Content validity was also used to test the validity of the questionnaire, for which the questionnaires were approved by relevant experts. Analysis of data obtained from the questionnaires was performed through SPSS-V24 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (multivariate and univariate analysis of variance tests). The results showed that there was no significant difference between couples' communication pattern and its components (constructive relationship, female withdrawal relationship, expected female / retired male scale and avoidance relationship scale) among married seminary and university male students. The results also showed that there was no significant difference between solving the family problem among married male seminary and university students. Overall, it can be concluded that couples who are in the process of projecting family and usually in adulthood or even before, use different strategies to escape the unresolved emotional bonds of the family. These strategies can be physical distance from the family or creating psychological barriers such as not talking to a family member. Women who do not use the presence of others to investigate their issues feel more isolated and lonely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - Meta-analysis of social health of women heads of households and non-heads of households and the effect of social support on their health (Case study: Mashhad)
Haniye Sadat Miri Khadije Zolghadr Asemeh QasemiWomen are the foundation of the health of families and communities, and women are of special importance in ensuring and maintaining the health of the family and society. According to the World Health Organization, enjoying the highest attainable standard of health is a MoreWomen are the foundation of the health of families and communities, and women are of special importance in ensuring and maintaining the health of the family and society. According to the World Health Organization, enjoying the highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental right of every individual, and many women are deprived of this fundamental right. Women must maintain and improve their health and well-being in order to play their caring role effectively. Health-promoting behaviors are one of the major determinants of health. The purpose of this article is to meta-analyze the social health of women heads of households and non-heads of households and the impact of social support on their health. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection, it is a descriptive survey. The statistical population studied in this study includes 400 women in Mashhad (200 supervisors and 200 non-supervisors) who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and the required data were modified by two Keys social health questionnaires. A researcher-made social support questionnaire was also collected by the researcher. The validity of the instrument used is the validity of the content, and the validity of the instrument is also obtained by the reliability of the internal consistency of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient method. Findings indicate that the average social health among non-head women in Mashhad is higher than women heads of households. Also, social support and its four dimensions in the group of non-caregivers are significantly different from women caregivers. In such a way that unmarried women have more social support. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - The sociological analysis of woman's image in the poems of Malek al-Shara'i Bahar and Seyyed Ashrafdin Gilani
Reza Musabadi Mahdi Novrooz Batool FakhreslamThe woman and its role in the community is one of the issues that has always been considered in the poetic and prose works of Persian literature and has become a worthy place; But the woman in Persian classical literature does not have much positive and worthy face; Bec MoreThe woman and its role in the community is one of the issues that has always been considered in the poetic and prose works of Persian literature and has become a worthy place; But the woman in Persian classical literature does not have much positive and worthy face; Because among the poems of the classical poets, the woman's identity is confused and dark and the negative views on her are shadowed by the woman. Since the Constitutional Revolution and with the brief acquaintance of Iranians with Western culture and modern thoughts, the role and identity of women as one of the most important social activists in constitutional poetry has been taken into consideration. This research is to investigate and compare the manifestation of woman's image in the poems of Malek al-Shaara Bahar and Nasim shomal in the Constitutional Revolution, using descriptive-analytical method. One of the most important findings of this research is that the attitude of poets towards women's image has changed in Constitutionalist poetry; For the first time, the themes of this period are related to women's legal and social issues, and women are excluded from absolute love and their rationality, personality, and humanity are explained and analyzed. Both poets also believe in the achievement of women's knowledge, individual rights, and modern teachings; But in terms of freedom of coverage and the issue of hijab, the Spring discovers a veil of freedom from ignorance, while the Nasim shomal requires hijab for the presence of women in the community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Analysis of love ethics and literature in the stories of Mostafa Mastoor
سهیلا محقق mahbobeh Khorasani mortaza rashidi ashjerdiIn romance novels, the main priority is to pay attention to romantic relationships. Most of the heroes in different narrative angles commit immorality and immorality in lovemaking, which is the main reason for the failure of their love. This article analyzes this issue MoreIn romance novels, the main priority is to pay attention to romantic relationships. Most of the heroes in different narrative angles commit immorality and immorality in lovemaking, which is the main reason for the failure of their love. This article analyzes this issue based on an article by Mostafa Malekian entitled "Romantic . Loving morality has nothing to do with success or failure; The lover must love as much as he does not violate the moral virtues, and in the literature of love, he must love in practice so as not to harm the success of the love process. The purpose of this study is to investigate "love ethics and literature in hidden love stories" and of the type of qualitative and thematic content analysis, and to try to adapt these stories with the factors mentioned in the basic article for the establishment of proper love communication and Let's analyze them. Since Mastur is a realist writer; The question is: to what extent is the morality and literature of a lover observed among the heroes of his stories and what effect does it have on these characters? Also, what effect does this observance or non-observance have on the narration? And in the end, we came to the conclusion that these non-observations by the lovers cause them conflict and emotional crisis, and it has an unpleasant end to the narration of the story, and on the other hand, observing the correct romantic relationships also has a positive effect on the characters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - The universal female archetype in Naserkhoro Ghobadiani’s poem
Arezoo Ahmadbeigi Ghorbanali ebrahimi shahrzad niaziThe universal female archetype is one of the oldest images which are emerged in primitive Persian poem of some poets of which Roudaki, Ferdousi, Manouchehri, Naserkhosro and Khaghani are highly mentioned and had been existed until 8th century. Naserkhosro is one the poe MoreThe universal female archetype is one of the oldest images which are emerged in primitive Persian poem of some poets of which Roudaki, Ferdousi, Manouchehri, Naserkhosro and Khaghani are highly mentioned and had been existed until 8th century. Naserkhosro is one the poets who used this archetype abundantly in his poems and mainly indicated the contributed negative traits between the female and the universe, as well and applied them in his own imaginable structure. These main traits are mentioned as: the glories, the oldness, the evil behavior, magic, being not loyal, unkindness, cruelty, wilderness, lying, being deceived, evilness, the husband-killing, being harlot, and ambiguity,. This article analyzes the universal female in Naserkhoro Ghobadiani’s poem and indicates its effect on the changes and evolutions, the qualities and quantities of the image-making in these poems by Khorasani’s style and also, proposes the effect of this imaginable structure in the poetic procedure and the thought of this scientist. The proposed study illustrates that the universal female before Naserkhosro, time escape and death frightening lead to the emergence of the archetype. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - Gender and Discourse Difference: An Investigation of Discourse Markers in Persian Male-Female Casual Conversation
Manizheh Alami Maryam sabbahThe present study is an attempt to investigate Persian men-women discourse in cross-gender interactions by focusing on the type, frequency of occurrence and function(s) of discourse markers in oral discourse. The qualitative and quantitative methods are employed to iden MoreThe present study is an attempt to investigate Persian men-women discourse in cross-gender interactions by focusing on the type, frequency of occurrence and function(s) of discourse markers in oral discourse. The qualitative and quantitative methods are employed to identify DMs and to specify their functions as they occur in Persian language. The particular dialect spoken by people living in Tehran, the capital of Iran, is the focus of investigation. Brinton’s (1996) binary classification is adopted as a theoretical framework in defining the functions Persian DMs have at the interpersonal and textual levels. Altogether 34 types of Persian DMs are identified and their functions are specified in this study among which na/na baba (no) occupies the top rank in the frequency list. Another reading of the data pertains to the number and proportion of DMs employed by Persian male-female speakers. As it is inferred, the ratio of discourse markers in the women’s discourse is higher than the men’s (138 vs. 116) which accounts for the female speakers’ inclination to employ discourse markers as helpful devices in fulfilling their communicative needs. Although the disharmony is observed in the number of discourse markers in two gender groups, the results of the Chi-square test (p=0.157>0.5) indicates that it is not statistically significant. In terms of discourse markers usage for the textual/interpersonal purposes, the qualitative and quantitative analyses yield significant gender differences. The results of the Chi-square test shows P=0.02 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
223 - The Effect of Isotonic Resistance Training on selected Immune System Markers in Female Athlete University Students
sepide mohamad khan beigi hadis bayat Mandana Gholami hojatollah nikbakhtThe purpose of this study was to evaluation of the effect of isotonic resistance training on selected immune system markers in female athlete college students. To perform this study, 20 healthy female volunteer athletes (table tennis player) (Age: 22/3±2), (Body MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluation of the effect of isotonic resistance training on selected immune system markers in female athlete college students. To perform this study, 20 healthy female volunteer athletes (table tennis player) (Age: 22/3±2), (Body mass index: 22/41± 1/35 kg/ms) were selected for this study and randomly was divided in two groups; 10 subjects in resistance training group (RG), and 10 subjects in control group (CG). All of the athletes was done the physical fitness evaluation and 1RM was taken before, middle, and end of resistance training. 48 hours before first training, the athletes were be familiar with exercise protocols. Then RT group exercised protocol three times per weeks for eight weeks. The protocol included 7 stations and the training volume was carried out exceedingly (80% .85%.90%.95%1RM).24 hours after the last training section, the blood test was taken from all of the subjects. In pre and post protocol white blood cells (WBC), IL6, lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes sample were collected and measured by using Elisa. In order to indicate the normal distribution of data, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used. , before and after the exercise protocol. (p<0.05). The results of the current study indicated that, significant reduction (p=0.006) in rest IL6 level of RT group after eight weeks was observed. More over significant reduction (p=0.041) in amount of WBC of RT group after eight weeks was observed. These results suggest that, regular exercise can be critical point to reduce systematic inflammation, and the related index, such as IL6. It is one of the advantages adaption via these exercise. Isotonic resistance exercise can be the important and basic factor in systematic inflammation decrease and also reduction in relative factors such as interleukin 6 which is one of the reports of these kind exercises. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
224 - Analysis of the components of physical governmentality in Mirza Malekom Khan's political thought
bigom naseri Somayeh Hamidi Hossain farzanepourThe structure of pre-constitutional political power reflects metaphysical governmentality. With the arrival of modernity in Iran, some components of physical governmentality under the name of constitutional government were considered in the minds of intellectuals. The i MoreThe structure of pre-constitutional political power reflects metaphysical governmentality. With the arrival of modernity in Iran, some components of physical governmentality under the name of constitutional government were considered in the minds of intellectuals. The intellectuals of this period knew the reasons for the backwardness of the country and the progress of the West in the differences between the foundations of the governmentality. Among these intellectuals is Mirza Malekom Khan. He sought to lay the groundwork for government reform in Iran. Thus, he tried to correct the shortcomings and make the political system more efficient by criticizing power, and this led to the comparison of the pre-modern, pre-modern society and authoritarian government with the democratic and legitimate West. This descriptive-analytical method and using the main text of Malkom Khan's works seeks to analyze the principles of modern governmentality in his mind and explain the transition to mechanical rule based on law and order in the mind of this intellectual. The result of the present article is that Malkom Khan was a pioneer and propagandist of modernism and considered the solution to get out of Iran's backwardness in adhering to the monarchy, following the idea of freedom and the rule of law and accepting the modern system of government. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
225 - Evaluation of the effectiveness of problem solving training on creativity and cognitive flexibility in teachers of work and technology
Arezoo Omidpoor Soleyman Kabini Moghadam Hojatalah MiyandehiBackground: The education system must make fundamental changes within itself in order to be able to cope with the rapid changes in the information society, and on the other hand to be able to respond to the needs of creative society and creative people in society. Objec MoreBackground: The education system must make fundamental changes within itself in order to be able to cope with the rapid changes in the information society, and on the other hand to be able to respond to the needs of creative society and creative people in society. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of problem solving training on creativity and cognitive flexibility among teachers of work and technology. Method: This research was conducted in a quasi-experimental manner with a pretest-posttest design with a control and follow-up group. The statistical population of the study included all female teachers of labor and technology in District 1 of Rasht in the academic year 2019-2020 in the number of 146 people. For sampling, 30 qualified volunteer teachers who scored less than 120 on the Abedi creativity questionnaire (1993) and less than 80 on the Dennis and Vanderwall (2010) cognitive flexibility questionnaire were identified and then randomly assigned. They were included in 2 study groups. The experimental group underwent 10 sessions of Dezorilla and Goldfried (1971) problem-solving training intervention. In order to evaluate the stability of the results, a follow-up test was performed 1 month after the post-test of the experimental groups. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Beferroni post hoc test using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that for the creativity variable the effect of group (P˂0.001 and eta= 0.571), the effect of time (P˂0.001 and eta= 0.613) and the interaction of group × time (P˂0.001 and eta=0.608) was significant. Also for the cognitive flexibility variable group effect (P˂0.001 and eta= 0.609), time effect (P˂0.001 and eta= 0.653) and group × time interaction (P˂0.001 and eta= 0.612) ) was significant. On the other hand, the results of benfroni post hoc test indicate a significant difference between the means of the experimental group in the pre-test with post-test (P˂0.001) and pre-test with follow-up (P˂0.001) for the variables of creativity and cognitive flexibility was. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - The Survey Effectiveness of Narrative Therapy on Work-Family Enrichment and Subjective Well-being of Female Employees of the University of Isfahan
Marziyeh MalekihaPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the narrative therapy (NT) on increasing work-family enrichment and subjective well-being of of female employees of the University of Isfahan. Methodology: The research design was semi experim MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the narrative therapy (NT) on increasing work-family enrichment and subjective well-being of of female employees of the University of Isfahan. Methodology: The research design was semi experimental with pre- and post-test and control group and random assignment. The research population included all female employees of the University of Isfahan at 2021 that from this population 30 person have been selected by available sampleing and have been placed randomly between expeimental and control group each with 15msmber. The subjects filled out work-family enrichment qouestionnaire (Greenhous & Powell, 2006) and adults subjective well-being scale (Keyes & Magyar-Mae, 2003). Then, the treatment group received 11, 90-min weekly sessions of NT (Whote & Epson, 1985) enriched with compassion while the control group received any intervention. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and via statistical package for social sciences version 23. Findings: The results of Analysis of Covariance showed that NT has effected on increasing work-family enrichment and family –work enrichment (p<0/05). Also, results of this study showed that narrative therapy has been effective in increasing the level of subjective well-being in three emotional, social and psychological dimensions (p<0/05). Conclusion: According to the the findings of this study, it can be concluded that narrative therapy can be used as one of the interventions in the field of creating a positive spillover between the two roles of work and family and enhancing subjective well-being in employee women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - The Effect of Integrated Monotheistic Treatment Approach on the Difficulty of Emotion Regulation and Self-control of Male Students Exposed to Social Harm
Fateme Soghari Karbalai Herfteh Mahla Behjati Ardakani Ezzat Pouramini Yakhdani Mansooreh PoorjanebolahiIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to investigate The effect of ntegrated Monotheistic Treatment Approach on the difficulty of emotion regulation and self-control of male students exposed to social harm. Method: This study is of semi-experimental type and wi MoreIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to investigate The effect of ntegrated Monotheistic Treatment Approach on the difficulty of emotion regulation and self-control of male students exposed to social harm. Method: This study is of semi-experimental type and with practical objectives, which was carried out in the framework of the pre-test-post-test design with the control group. The statistical population of the research consisted of adolescent male students exposed to social harms in Meybod city, using the available sampling method, 30 people were selected as a sample and randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people (experiment and control). The participants answered the questionnaires of the difficulty of emotion regulation by Gertz and Roemer (2004) and Tanji's self-control (2004) in the pre-test and post-test stages. The experimental group received monotheistic integrated therapy intervention in 10 sessions of 1.5 hours and two sessions per week, while the control group did not receive any intervention during the experiment. The data were tested and analyzed using the multivariate covariance analysis method using the SPSS26 software package at the level of 0.05. Results: The results of the research showed that ntegrated Monotheistic Treatment Approach was effective on difficulty in regulating emotions and self-control in male students exposed to social harm (P<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the closeness with Iranian-Islamic culture and its focus on different aspects of life, ntegrated monotheistic treatment approach can be used as an effective educational method in counseling centers, schools and medical centers Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - The Effect of Integrated Monotheistic Treatment Approach on the Difficulty of Emotion Regulation and Self-control of Male Students Exposed to Social Harm
Fateme Soghari Karbalai Herfteh, Mahla Behjati Ardakani Ezzat Pouramini Yakhdani Mansooreh Poorjanebolahi,Purpose: The difficulty of regulating emotions and the lack of self-control is one of the problems of some teenagers, which can lead to many social harms if there is no intervention. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of integrated mo MorePurpose: The difficulty of regulating emotions and the lack of self-control is one of the problems of some teenagers, which can lead to many social harms if there is no intervention. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of integrated monotheistic treatment approach on the difficulty of emotion regulation and self-control of male students exposed to social harm.Methodology: This study is practical in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in terms of execution method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research was adolescent male students exposed to social harms in Meybod in the academic year 1400-1401. Using stata14 software and based on 95% confidence level and 90% power, 30 people were selected as a sample using available sampling method and randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 1.5 hours and (two sessions per week) Tawhidi Sharifinia's integrated treatment intervention (2017), while the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. The participants responded to Gratz and Roemer's (2004) emotion regulation difficulty and Tanji's (2004) self-control questionnaires. The data were analyzed with chi-square tests and multivariate covariance analysis using spss26 software package and at the level of 0.05.Findings: The results of the chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference between the participants in terms of the demographic variables of father's education and mother's education (P<0.05). The results of the covariance analysis test also showed that monotheistic integrated treatment decreased the mean scores of emotion regulation difficulty (P< 0.001, f=42.52) and increased self-control (P< 0.017, f=6.44) of adolescent male students. It has been tested in the post-test phase (P<0.05).Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of monotheistic integrated therapy in improving the difficulty of emotion regulation and self-control of students exposed to social harms, this approach can be used as an effective approach in the field of reducing social harms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Test Anxiety in Secondary School Girl Students
Fateme HassanzadehPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on reducing the academic test anxiety among female high school students. Method: The statistical population of this study included all second-grade female MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on reducing the academic test anxiety among female high school students. Method: The statistical population of this study included all second-grade female high school students in District 5 of Tehran, of which 24 were selected by available sampling method based on the Spielberger test (1980). They comprised a statistical sample. The 24 subjects were randomly selected in two groups of 12 experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy, and the control group was on the waiting list. Analysis of covariance was also used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the comparison of the posttest anxiety test in the two groups by controlling the effect of the pre-test indicated that after taking part in admission and commitment treatment sessions, the test anxiety scores of the students who participated in the test group Had a significant decrease compared to the students who were replaced in the control group. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that acceptance and commitment therapy reduced students' test anxiety. In other words, students will be able to overcome their test anxiety by attending acceptance and commitment therapy sessions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - Analysis of the speech of male and female characters in the story of the kingdom of Goshtasp based on the speech theory of John Searle
mah manzar Mollai Kimia Tajnia Nemat Esfahani Omran Dialogue is one of the most important tricks in the field of fiction and the author in the present research in a descriptive-analytical and library method, with the aim of explaining the speech of male and female characters in the story of Goshtasp's kingdom in Sh More Dialogue is one of the most important tricks in the field of fiction and the author in the present research in a descriptive-analytical and library method, with the aim of explaining the speech of male and female characters in the story of Goshtasp's kingdom in Shahnameh based on the theory of speech action Philosophy of language and mind seeks to clarify the fact that the male and female characters of the story of the kingdom of Goshtasp, when speaking in terms of their position and the audience, what speech action and for what purpose? In John Searle's theory of speech action, speech is divided into five declarative, persuasive, emotional, obligatory and declarative actions, which according to the aspect of the verb used in speech and how to use alternatives, indicators, as well as direct and indirect application of action. The speaker's ability to influence the audience can be measured. According to this theory, news sentences are not only the main and meaningful sentences of the language and the value of truth and falsity of all sentences is not possible; Because Ferdowsi's purpose in expressing action sentences is to describe his action, not to describe a situation. The results of this study indicate that women in the story of Goshtasp, due to lack of power, use more persuasive speech actions and the expressive and emotional actions used are more in line with persuasion of the audience than In this way, they indirectly persuade others (especially men and husbands) to achieve their desires. Also, declarative and commitment actions that require the direct action of the individual are less used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - Investigating the Relationship between Problem Solving Skills with Self-Efficacy and Social Adjustment of Kermanshah Female Students
Zohre Zeraatpishe Susan Laei Faramarz Malekian Sahar Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
232 - The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group counseling on general health of female high school students in the first secondary level
Jafar Mahmoodi Yahya AraghiAbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group counseling on increasing the general health of female students. The current study is a semi-experimental type in which a pre-test and post-test design was MoreAbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group counseling on increasing the general health of female students. The current study is a semi-experimental type in which a pre-test and post-test design was used with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of the research was made up of all female high school students in the first secondary level of Marand city, and among them, 30 people (15 people each in the experimental and control groups) were selected by purposive sampling and randomly replaced in the experimental and control groups. In this research, the 28-question general health questionnaire of Goldberg and Hiller (1979) was used to collect information. Data analysis using multivariate covariance analysis method showed: teaching cognitive-behavioral approach in a group manner increases students' social functioning and significantly reduces their symptoms of depression, anxiety and physical symptoms (P≤ 0.05). It is concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy can be well used and effective in order to increase the general health of students due to the cultural closeness with the Iranian society.Keywords: cognitive-behavioral approach, public health, female students.1. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - Virtual Restoration of Paperwork: Case Study of a Page from Khamse Jami
Ali Tarvijee Bita Sodaei -
Open Access Article
234 - The effect of zinc-methionine supplementation on antioxidant status and expression of interleukin-4 and interleukin-6 genes in female rats under heat stress
Matin Jamei Ali Asghar Sadeghi Mohammad ChamaniIntroduction:During heat stress, the animal body requires more antioxidant compounds and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Zinc plays a role in the structure and activity of antioxidant enzymes. One of the ways to supply the zinc requirement, is to use organic zinc suppl MoreIntroduction:During heat stress, the animal body requires more antioxidant compounds and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Zinc plays a role in the structure and activity of antioxidant enzymes. One of the ways to supply the zinc requirement, is to use organic zinc supplements, which zinc combined with methionine, and have more intestinal absorption Aim: This study was done to evaluate the effects of different doses of zinc-methionine supplementation on the blood antioxidant status and the expression of interleukin 4 and 6 genes in rats exposed to heat stress.Materials and methods: In a completely random design, 20 female rats were divided into four treatment groups with five replicates. Rats were kept at a temperature of 31±2 °C for 20 hours and at a temperature of 38±2 °C for 4 hours per day (to create heat stress). The rats in the control group were fed standard pellets without additives, and the three experimental groups were fed standard pellets plus 15, 30 and 45 mg zinc-methionine supplement per kilogram of dry matter for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, a blood sample was collected from the inferior vena cava. Total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde concentration, antioxidant enzymes, liver enzymes in the serum and the expression of interleukin-4 and interleukin-6 genes were measured.Results: Serum zinc concentration increased linearly with increasing zinc dose in the diet (P<0.05). The serum activity of two enzymes, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase decreased linearly with increasing zinc-methionine dose in the diet (P<0.01). The highest activity of glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase was observed in the group receiving 30 mg/kg, and the lowest activity of these enzymes was observed in the control group. In general, the relative expression of the interleukin-4 gene was increased, and the relative expression of the interleukin-6 gene was decreased (P<0.05). The highest expression of interleukin-4 gene belonged to the group receiving 30 mg, and the highest relative expression of interleukin-6 gene belonged to the control group and the group receiving 15 mg/kg.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the dose of up to 30 mg of zinc-methionine per kg of diet used in this study increases the activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity, decreases the activity of liver enzymes in the serum, increases the expression of the anti-inflammatory gene (Interleukin-4) and decreases the expression of inflammatory gene (Interleukin-6), which indicates the reduction of oxidative stress and the reduction of the effects of heat stress in the body of the rat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
235 - Effect of L-carnitine on Serum LH, FSH and Testosterone Levels in Adult Male Rats
mohammad miveh chi ali anisianL-carnitine is an essential nutrient. It has vitamin-like qualities and it is considered essential in helping to transport fatty acids into mitochondria. The benefit effect of L-carnitine is proposed for treatment of obesity as long time periods. L-carnitine has a benef MoreL-carnitine is an essential nutrient. It has vitamin-like qualities and it is considered essential in helping to transport fatty acids into mitochondria. The benefit effect of L-carnitine is proposed for treatment of obesity as long time periods. L-carnitine has a beneficial impact on fertility. Its androgenic activity may by increasing testosterone level that promotes spermatogenic activity. So, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of supplementation of L-carnitine on serum FSH, LH and testosterone levels in adult male rats. Rats were treated different doses of L-carnitine tartarate daily for 16 days, interperitoneally. The control group was treated saline as vehicle. After 16 days, animals were anesthetized with ether and blood specimens were obtained from heart. Serum FSH, LH and testosterone were measured by radioimmunoassay. The results showed that L-carnitine increased serum FSH, LH and testosterone levels in treated animals, significantly. The present study indicated that L-carnitine could effect on sex hormones and reproduction system and also could be an appropriate candidate for improving male reproductive function. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
236 - The study of the association of two variants of MLH3(rs175080) andTEX11(rs6525433) in Iranian infertile men
Hanieh Sezavar Zahra Noormohammadi Masoud SheidaiInfertility is one of the most common problems in human societies which estimated between 1 in 6 couples worldwide. It is a complex clinical condition caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The TEX11 and MLH3 gene plays a key role in the mechani MoreInfertility is one of the most common problems in human societies which estimated between 1 in 6 couples worldwide. It is a complex clinical condition caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The TEX11 and MLH3 gene plays a key role in the mechanism of DNA repair and crossing over. Methods: In this study, the association of two SNPs of MLH3 (rs175080) and TEX11 (rs6525433) in Iranian infertile men was investigated. One hundred twenty infertile men with azoospermia and 115 healthy individuals were collected as a control. These two polymorphisms were investigated by using tetra-amplification refractory mutation system ((PCR), TETRA - ARMS – PCR), PCR – RFLP, and sequencing were used. Findings and Discussion: The frequency of GG and GA genotypes in MLH3 gene was 30.9% and 69.1% in azoospermia males and 31.3% and 68.7% in the control group (P = 0.619), respectively. The result showed that rs175080 polymorphism in the MLH3 gene and rs6525433 polymorphism in the TEX11 gene were not associated with the risk of Azoospermia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
237 - The correlation of rs4647269 and re1800734 SNPs in MLH1 gene with Iranian male infertility: Azospermia
Mehrdokht Dorpoosh Zahra Noormohammadi Masoud SheidaiIntroduction: Infertility and its problems are considered as one of the most important issues that affect 10-15% of couples. About half of all infertility is related to men. Human spermatogenesis depends on the activity of thousands of genes, and defects in repair mecha MoreIntroduction: Infertility and its problems are considered as one of the most important issues that affect 10-15% of couples. About half of all infertility is related to men. Human spermatogenesis depends on the activity of thousands of genes, and defects in repair mechanisms can stop spermatogenesis. One of the proteins involved in the repair system is the MLH1 protein. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of rs1800734 and rs4647269 polymorphisms in the MLH1 gene with male azoospermic infertility.Methods: In this case-control study, blood samples were collected from 113 men with azoospermia infertility as a patient and 101 healthy men as a control. After DNA extraction, the genotypes of rs4647269 and rs1800734 polymorphisms were determined by RFLP-PCR method using HPYCH4IV and PVUII enzymes, respectively, and confirmed by sequencing. Results: In rs1800734 polymorphism, no significant difference (p <0.05) was observed between the genotypic frequency of the patient and control groups. There was a significant difference between genotypic frequencies between the two groups (P = 0.024), P = 0.021, P = 0.036) Also in this polymorphism in terms of sperm volume in traits (P = 0.000).Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between rs4647269 rs polymorphism of MLH1 gene and azoospermia infertility in the study population of Iranian men and it can probably be effective in it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
238 - Prediction of depression based on Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies among Female Students in the Fifth and Sixth Grade of Elementary School
farzaneh salimi ilnaz sajjadianThe purpose of the current study is to identifying the correlation between cognitive emotion regulation strategies with depression among female students in the fifth and sixth grade of elementary school in Isfahan during the educational year of 2014-2015. The research m MoreThe purpose of the current study is to identifying the correlation between cognitive emotion regulation strategies with depression among female students in the fifth and sixth grade of elementary school in Isfahan during the educational year of 2014-2015. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the participants were included the fifth and sixth grade students of elementary school in Isfahan city and among whom 380 female students were selected based on Cohen et al. (2000) by using clustering sampling. The data were gathered by distributing questionnaires of Garnefski & Kraaij's cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (2006), and Kovacs's depression inventory (1992). The data were analyzed by using Pearson Coefficient Correlation and Step wise Regression. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between cognitive emotion regulation strategies (acceptance, positive refocusing, refocusing on planning, positive reappraisal, and putting into the perspective) with depression. Also, there was a positive significant correlation between depression and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies (blaming, focus on thought and catastrophic)(p<0.05). The multiple regression analysis by using stepwise regression has showed that positive reappraisal explains 10 percentage of variation of depression (R2=0.10) and Focus on thought explains 9/6 percentage of variation of depression (R2=9.6), and acceptance explains 2/2 percentage of variation of depression(R2= 0.038). The findings have showed that attachment and cognitive emotion regulation strategies are the effective factors in depression and should be noticed in preventive planning and therapy interferences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
239 - The Relationship between Academic Self -Regulation and Responsibility with Test Anxiety in Female Students
عباسعلی حسین خانزاده mahboobe Taher Seyyedeh Zahra Seyyed Noori zohreh Habibi ۤFatemeh BehzadfarTest anxiety is a tension mode that can lead to reduction of academic performance, poor learning, and level of grades. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between academic self-regulation and responsibility with test anxiety in female students. Des MoreTest anxiety is a tension mode that can lead to reduction of academic performance, poor learning, and level of grades. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between academic self-regulation and responsibility with test anxiety in female students. Design of research was descriptive from correlational method. The statistical population included all of female high school students of Rasht city in 2013-2014 academic years that 128 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling method and they completed academic self-regulation (Kanel & Ryan, 1987), responsibility (Kordloo, 2010), and test anxiety (Abolghasemi, 2000) scales. Results of the Pearson of correlation coefficient showed there are significant negative correlation between test anxiety with total score of self-regulation and subscales internal self-regulation and intrinsic motivation and positive significant relationship with extrinsic motivation (p<0/05). Also the results showed there significant negative correlation between test anxiety with subscales sense of security, self-esteem, a sense of belonging and, responsibility (internal commitment) there is a significant negative correlation (p<0/05). Results of regression analysis showed that among predictor variables, subscales internal self-regulation, intrinsic motivation, and responsibility (internal commitment) could be predict 35 percent of changes of test anxiety of female students hierarchically. The test anxiety can be managed by strengthening academic self-regulation and responsibility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
240 - The Effectiveness of Positive Thinking Skills Training on Anxiety in Female Students of Sabzevar Azad University
ali karimi hasan ahadi hassan asadzadehPurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching positive thinking skills on reducing anxiety among female students of Sabzevar University of darzas. Method: The study population consisted of all female students of Azad university of Sab MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching positive thinking skills on reducing anxiety among female students of Sabzevar University of darzas. Method: The study population consisted of all female students of Azad university of Sabzevar Branch in the academic year of 97-96, including 30 people who were selected using purposeful sampling. They were randomly assigned to experimental group (15) and control group (15 People) was replaced. Beck Anxiety Inventory and Positive Thinking Training Package, which was set up in 9 sessions of one and a half hours, was used to collect data. Results: The results of statistical analysis indicated that teaching positive thinking skills with an effect size of 0.18 would reduce the students' anxiety level. Therefore, there is a significant difference between the effect of teaching positive thinking skills on reducing anxiety level (p <0.05). Conclusion: At the end of the treatment sessions, students learned in both groups to choose their own behaviors in order to attain their demands, each of whom should choose responsible behaviors that while maintaining ethical principles and applying optimistic, correct and responsible actions to Your wishes are also met. Teaching positive thinking skills creates a supportive and safe environment where students can experience the feeling of acceptance and psychosocial security, which brings greater compatibility and less conflicts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - Effectiveness of Social-Emotional Learning Training on Academic procrastination and Communication Skills in Female Students
Narges Borzabadi Farahani susan emamipur Mozhgan SepahmansourThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of social-emotional learning (SEL) training on academic procrastination and communication skills in female students.The statistical population consisted of eighth grade female students in one of the high schools of d MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of social-emotional learning (SEL) training on academic procrastination and communication skills in female students.The statistical population consisted of eighth grade female students in one of the high schools of district 14 of Tehran in the school year of 2018-2019 with 180 students and 30 students who were selected by Simple Random Samplingand were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.The experimental group received SEL training for 12 sessions.The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest with experimental and control group with follow-up period and data gathering tool was Solomon & Rothblum (1984) procrastination questionnaire and Queendom (2004) communication skills.The findings were analyzed by one-way and multivariate analysis of covariance tests and dependent t-test using SPSS25 software. The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of experimental and control groups in academic procrastination scores. Results of dependent t-test showed that there was no significant difference between post-test and follow-up scores. In other words, SEL training has a significant and lasting effect on academic procrastination of female students. The results also showed that there was no significant difference between the mean of experimental and control groups in communication skills scores. In other words, SEL training had no significant effect on the communication skills of female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - A comparison of physical and direct style of identity, religious orientation in female students
sajad ellmardaniFriendship relationships with the opposite sex before marriage are one of the social harm in vain, which in recent years have spread much in vain. The aim of this study was to compare the styles of identity, physical and direct religious orientation in female students w MoreFriendship relationships with the opposite sex before marriage are one of the social harm in vain, which in recent years have spread much in vain. The aim of this study was to compare the styles of identity, physical and direct religious orientation in female students with and without a boyfriend. It is a case-control study. The statistical population of this study was all female students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University. The number of students who reported 30 people from her boyfriend were fitted and a few random step number of 30 people is also the students from normal to crash between the community as compared to group selection and in the present study. Your misuse data collected is also used for the analysis of variance (MANOVA) a few descriptive analyses. The results showed that the average scores of female students has a boyfriend on the inner religious orientation variables, normative information, identity and commitment was lower than normal group but in the physical body, flexibility, didn't variables self-esteem and identity confusion significantly higher than in the normal group. The present study shows that the defect in the dissatisfaction of the physical image, identity and lack of internal religious orientation Can contribute to the formation of this social harm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - The effectiveness of positive self-talk on academic buoyancy and students' test anxiety specific learning disorder
Maryam Maheronaghsh Mohammad Reza Moradi Fahimeh MaheronnaghshThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of positive self-talk on academic buoyancy and test anxiety among students with specific learning disabilities. The research method was quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical populati MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of positive self-talk on academic buoyancy and test anxiety among students with specific learning disabilities. The research method was quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population consisted of all male students with specific learning disability in primary school of Isfahan in the academic year of 2018-2019. They were selected using multi-stage random sampling method. This means that from six education districts of Isfahan, two districts and from these two regions, six schools were selected randomly. Students with learning disabilities were integrated with Colorado learning disabilities questionnaire and Wechsler intelligence scale for children. They were randomly divided into two experimental (15) and control (15) groups. Participants in the research in two stages of pre-test and post-test responded to the research tools: Philips Anxiety Inventory and Academic Lifelong Learning Questionnaire. The training sessions consisted of ten sessions in minutes, based on the theory of Meichenbaum, with emphasis on cognitive-behavioral approach. The control group did not receive any training. Statistical analysis was performed using Co-variance analysis. The results indicate that positive self-talk training has a significant effect on reducing anxiety and improving academic buoyancy of male students. (p <0.001). Based on the results of positive self-talk training, students had a good way to improve academic buoyancy and reduce the anxiety of male students with specific learning disabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - The Effectiveness of Time perspective Education on Flow and Grit of Female High School Students
Shekoofeh Rahimpour Mozhgan arefi Gholamreza ManshaiThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of time perspective on flow and grit in female students in Abarkouh. This is an quasi-experimental research, using a pre-test-post-test approach with control group design. The statistical population was all high MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of time perspective on flow and grit in female students in Abarkouh. This is an quasi-experimental research, using a pre-test-post-test approach with control group design. The statistical population was all high school female students, and the participants were 30 students recruited through multi-cluster sampling method. Using simple randomized method, they were divided into two experimental and control groups. To collect data Martin and Jackson flow short form (2008), Duckworth and Quinn Grit Scale(2009) were used as pre-test in both groups. Then, the time perspective education, as the independent variable (intervention), was conducted only in the experimental group in 12 sessions of 90 minutes each; the control group did not receive any instructions. At the end of instructions, the questionnaires were administered again in both groups as post-tests. Data were analysed by covariance analysis. The results showed that the time perspective education instruction has a positive and meaningful impact on flow and grit of female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
245 - The Relationship between Academic Self -Regulation and Responsibility with Test Anxiety in Female Students
abbasali hossinkhanzadeh mahbobeh taher zahra seydnori zohreh habibi fatemeh behzadfar hatam mohammadiTest anxiety is a tension mode that can lead to reduction of academic performance, poor learning, and level of grades. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between academic self-regulation and responsibility with test anxiety in female students. Des MoreTest anxiety is a tension mode that can lead to reduction of academic performance, poor learning, and level of grades. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between academic self-regulation and responsibility with test anxiety in female students. Design of research was descriptive from correlational method. The statistical population included all of female high school students of Rasht city in 2013-2014 academic years that 128 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling method and they completed academic self-regulation (Kanel & Ryan, 1987), responsibility (Kordloo, 2010), and test anxiety (Abolghasemi, 2000) scales. Results of the Pearson of correlation coefficient showed there are significant negative correlation between test anxiety with total score of self-regulation and subscales internal self-regulation and intrinsic motivation and positive significant relationship with extrinsic motivation (p<0/05). Also the results showed there significant negative correlation between test anxiety with subscales sense of security, self-esteem, a sense of belonging and, responsibility (internal commitment) there is a significant negative correlation (p<0/05). Results of regression analysis showed that among predictor variables, subscales internal self-regulation, intrinsic motivation, and responsibility (internal commitment) could be predict 35 percent of changes of test anxiety of female students hierarchically. The test anxiety can be managed by strengthening academic self-regulation and responsibility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
246 - The political and religious relations of Nizārī Ismā'īlī with the successors of Sultan Mohammad Ghiyath Al-Din Seljuqi
Malihe Mehrabi Delshad shahrzad sasanpour masomeh gharadaghi Ramin yalfaniIn this research, the political and religious confrontation of the Seljuk with the Nizārī Ismā'īlī has been studied between 498 and 511 AH. During the above period Sultan Muhammad managed to sort out the turmoil that occurred after the death of Malekshah Re-establish po MoreIn this research, the political and religious confrontation of the Seljuk with the Nizārī Ismā'īlī has been studied between 498 and 511 AH. During the above period Sultan Muhammad managed to sort out the turmoil that occurred after the death of Malekshah Re-establish political and religious concentration in the Seljuk-dominated geography. On the one hand, the Nizārī Ismā'īlī from the vacuum and turmoil that had already taken place In the direction of developing their own power, they had taken extensive measures in different regions. Therefore, the repression of Nizari was considered the most important political and religious priority of Sultan Muhammad and In this regard, all the central and local capacities were used to conquer the Ismaili Castles. However, Nizarians suffered plenty of damage during frequent attacks al-Seljuk, and lost their castles in Fars, Khuzestan and especially Esfahan, which was in this period capital of the Seljuk period.But with the influence of the Seljuk government, adopting a decentralized approach, eliminating effective political and religious people, patience and Authority against siege of Castles, and launching religious debates during the struggle they were able to survive. If there were no significant achievements of the Ismailis that included the preservation of the political, geographic, and the protection of their intellectual and vital ideas, It was likely that the very strict atrocities in this period would have led to the dismantling of Nizari's organization and structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
247 - Analytical Historiography of the Changing Perspective on the Personality and Rights of Post-December Women (The case of women in the Umayyad era)
ali shafiei maosor Amirzadeh jirkoli mohamad kazemigolvardiMany scholars claim that an analytical look at the history of Islam clearly shows that the post-prophet Islamic society underwent epistemological and behavioral transformations in many important areas that were of particular interest to the Prophet, and in a gradual mov MoreMany scholars claim that an analytical look at the history of Islam clearly shows that the post-prophet Islamic society underwent epistemological and behavioral transformations in many important areas that were of particular interest to the Prophet, and in a gradual movement distanced itself from the concerns of the Prophet.But it seems that if such a long and fragile claim cannot be accepted; But according to the abundant historical evidence, there can be no doubt that the Prophet's view of women's personality and rights was different or inconsistent with what was later formed in the religious community.In this article, while briefly explaining the personality and position of women in the prophetic age and the capacities created by the Islamic epistemology system to realize their potential, an attempt is made to answer the question of when and how the change in the personality and rights of post-apocalyptic women it fell?The brief answer to these questions, which is followed by historical reports based on analytical historiography, is that the first fundamental steps for this deviation in the Umayyad caliphate seem to have been taken, for example: Return of sexual discourse to the relationship. Men and women, returning to an object-oriented view of women, promoting moral corruption in order to prevent the moral and human capacities of women, and so on can be mentioned. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
248 - The study of political and social developments in Mashhad on the threshold of entry and rule of Malik Mahmoud Sistani(1134-1139)
naser chari mohammad karim jamali Soheyla Torabi FaresaniMalik Mahmoud Sistani governed the Ton and Tabas areas simultaneously with the Afghans attack on the Isfahan,He managed to dominate the city of Mashhad and many parts of Khorasan for about four years with the fall of Safavih Esfahan. At the beginning, he created a safe MoreMalik Mahmoud Sistani governed the Ton and Tabas areas simultaneously with the Afghans attack on the Isfahan,He managed to dominate the city of Mashhad and many parts of Khorasan for about four years with the fall of Safavih Esfahan. At the beginning, he created a safe environment with fear and terror by suppressing dissidents in Mashhad. Afterwards, he attacked other cities in Khorasan and, by coronation and coinage, created a new issue in the east of country. By this power of authority, the Abdallians and Uzbaks, who had long been threatening the city and the region, were eliminated. Malik Mahmoud's encroachment to the property of Razavi's shrine and the change in his trusteeship, as well as his abusive practices and heavy taxes, resulted in general discontent. Finally, the second Shah Tahmasb with the help of Nader goli Afshar besieged Mashhad and arrested and killed Malik Mahmoud. What we are looking for in this research is to answer the question that how was the political and social situation in Mashhad before and after the domination of Malik Mahmud? This research seeks to explore the context of Malik Mahmoud's presence in Mashhad by relying on resources and research, and analyze his behavior with the citizens and the effects of this course on domestic security and the elimination of foreign attacks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
249 - The Historian’s Activism in the Narration of Historical EventsThe Critical Insight of Nazim Al-Islam Kermani and Mehdi Malekzadeh in the Historiography of the Constitutional Event
golamreza vafaee mehr محبوبه sh aliakbar khedrizadehThe dated critical insight is one of the main elements of historiography and historian which is very clear in modern Iranian historiographyAlthough there has been more or less in the historiography of ancient historians, but. The present article seeks to assess the his MoreThe dated critical insight is one of the main elements of historiography and historian which is very clear in modern Iranian historiographyAlthough there has been more or less in the historiography of ancient historians, but. The present article seeks to assess the historiography of Nazem-Al-Islam Kermani and Mehdi Malekzadeh in the constitutional event with the aforementioned insight that is using the historical method. to understand the aim of study, we should answer the following question : What effect did the critical insight of the aforementioned historians have on their historical method in reflecting the constitutional event and the later developments ? The results of this research show that the above-mentioned historians are trying to move themselves far from one-sided historiography in two extends, first: criticism of the Qajar governors and rulers due to their inefficiency in the administration of the country and second: the mass of the people as the driving engine of the changes in the society. Analyze and explain the factors of the emergence of the constitution and the developments after it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
250 - Jamaleddin Savoji and the Effect of his Personality on the Behavioristic Path of Qalandariyya
zahra amireQalandariyya is one of the branches of the Safaviyya dynasty which was ramified from the faction of Malamatiyya and is sometimes considered as Malamatiyya itself. At first, the actions of Qalandariyya were similar to those of Malamatiyya, i.e. protesting against the pol MoreQalandariyya is one of the branches of the Safaviyya dynasty which was ramified from the faction of Malamatiyya and is sometimes considered as Malamatiyya itself. At first, the actions of Qalandariyya were similar to those of Malamatiyya, i.e. protesting against the political and social conditions. However, after some time, the members of this faction began to sham. They turned to unusual and strange appearances for distinguishing themselves from other members of the society. One of the prominent figures of Qalandariyya was Jamaleddin Savoji who was the leader of Julaghi Qalandaris. The myths surrounding Jamaleddin Savoji such as the stories told to Sufis and mystics are full of unbelievable exaggerations. Being an Iranian, Jamaleddin presented his novelty practices in Damascus. Later, he went to Egypt and settled in Damietta. A large number of people from Islamic countries became Jamaleddin's followers. After his death, Qalandaris who pretended to be chaste and free from worldly attachments fell into corruption and committed actions which were against both the custom and the religion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - The relationship between the Abbasid and Seljuq
Abullhassan ShahvariAfter the defeat of last resistance, of Sasanid dependent territories by Arabs, Iran became a part of eastern section of caliphate territory. In order to govern the section, at the beginnings, some agents who were plenipotentiaries, were sent there by khalifa. After Ta MoreAfter the defeat of last resistance, of Sasanid dependent territories by Arabs, Iran became a part of eastern section of caliphate territory. In order to govern the section, at the beginnings, some agents who were plenipotentiaries, were sent there by khalifa. After Taherid era some chang took place in relationship between those governers and khalifa. From taherid period some semi-independent governer took shape which taheryan was one of them. In Yagub leyth period Emyrat of Estekfa chang to Istilae. In this kind of governer ship , the governer got much power and even the could interfere in khalifa appointment or euendismissing them. Since ale Buyid era, the made up a god relationship with caliphate and they recognized caliphate, and vice versa. Those relations improved in Slajugh period , so that khalifa and sultan would compel monetarily. In current research it has been tried to illustrate the relations between Malek shah Seljuk, the gratest Seljuk sultan who got the throne with the assistance khajeh Nezamalmulk, with khalifa almgtdy. Since this the relations have not been mention has not been cited clearly in historical books. I have tried to examine it through other related sources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - A survey on speech style of Qazvin’s women based on age and education
Shabnam Besharati Nazanin Amir Arjmandi Marjan Taheri Osgouei -
Open Access Article
253 - Designing and Evaluating Psychometric Properties of Persian Version of Hassani’s Emotional Active Memory Software Test in Fifth Grade Female Students
ilnaz sajadian mozhgan hassani mohamadali nadiAbstract The present study aimed at designing and evaluating the psychometric properties of Hassani’s Emotional Active Memory Software Test on a sample of 80 fifth grade female students in public schools of Tehran during the academic year 2016-2017. They were sel MoreAbstract The present study aimed at designing and evaluating the psychometric properties of Hassani’s Emotional Active Memory Software Test on a sample of 80 fifth grade female students in public schools of Tehran during the academic year 2016-2017. They were selected via two multistage cluster sampling and purposive methods. The test consists of 8 blocks, each consists of 12 exercises. 3 blocks is performed for each subject selected randomly. The stimuli have a number of emoji with emotional loads and marks. To investigate the psychometric properties, test-retest reliability coefficient with 20 days interval was employed. The correlation coefficients ranged from 0.68 to 0.75. In addition, validity of the test was assessed using content validity and criterion validity techniques by comparing "matched groups". The first group consisted of 20 normal students, and the second group included 20 students with active memory deficits and low cognitive emotion regulation. The second group’s subjects were identified by two the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) and Garnefski’s Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). The results of comparing mean scores of the two groups in different parts of the test showed a significant difference between the performance of them (p = 0.001). Therefore, Hassani’s Active Memory Software Test has good reliability and validity and can be used to measure emotional memory in psychological studies in the mentioned age range. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - The Role of Teaching Problem Solving Skills on Self-Determination and Flourishing among Female Students of Islamic Azad University
Maryam Feyzbakhsh Vaghef Soleyman Kabini MoghadamThe purpose of this research was to the role of teaching problem solving skills on self-determination and flourishing among female students of Islamic Azad University of Quds in Tehran. The research method was conducted as a semi-experimental method with a pre-test-post MoreThe purpose of this research was to the role of teaching problem solving skills on self-determination and flourishing among female students of Islamic Azad University of Quds in Tehran. The research method was conducted as a semi-experimental method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all the female master's students in the field of psychology of the Islamic Azad University of Quds, Tehran, in the academic year of 2021-2022, in the number of 71 people, of which 30 qualified volunteers were selected by available sampling method and They were randomly divided into 2 groups (experimental and control). To collect the required data in the pre-test and post-test stages, the self-determination questionnaires of LaGuardia & et al (2000) and flourishing Soleimani et al. The experimental group underwent 10 sessions (60 minutes each session) and 5 weeks of educational intervention on problem solving skills by Desorilla and Goldfried (1971). The data was analyzed using the statistical method of analysis of covariance and SPSS24 software. A significant level of 0.05 was considered for all tests. The results showed that group problem solving training in the post-exam stage increased the self-determination score (P<0.001) and flourishing (P<0.001) of the students in the experimental group. Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that the officials and planners of the Islamic Azad University organization can use teaching problem solving skills training to increase the self-determination and flourishing of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - The effectiveness Monotheistic Integrated Therapy Approach on Self-restraint and Social harms of female students from Less Developed Regions of Meybod
Sophia Khaneghahi Faezeh Dehghani Firouzabadi Mahla Behjati Ardakani Mansooreh Poorjanebolahi Firouzabadi The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of monotheistic integrated therapy on self-control and social harms of female students in less privileged areas. The research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control g More The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of monotheistic integrated therapy on self-control and social harms of female students in less privileged areas. The research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all female students from less privileged areas in the academic year 2021-22 with a number of 370 people. Using available sampling method, 30 people were selected as samples and randomly placed in two groups of 15 people (experimental and control). Research tools included self-control questionnaires (Ali Akbari Dehkordi et al., 2014) and social harms (Aghaei and Teimurtash, 2016). Monotheistic integrated therapy was offered to the members of the experimental group in 12 1-hour sessions and two sessions per week, but the control group did not receive any intervention during the experiment. The data were analyzed using the multivariate covariance analysis method and using the spss26 software package at a significance level of 0.05. The results of the research showed that monotheistic treatment was effective on students' self-control and social harms (P<0.001). These results show the effectiveness of monotheistic integrated therapy in reducing social harms and factors related to it, and due to its alignment with Iranian-Islamic culture, it can be used in educational and therapeutic centers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - The relationship between Internet addiction and anxiety in students
Mina Azadi Haji MosaviThe present research aims at clarifying the relation between the Internet and High School female students’ stress of a district in Sanandaj in the year 1391-92. The research type is correlative which has been conducted descriptively. The statistical community is t MoreThe present research aims at clarifying the relation between the Internet and High School female students’ stress of a district in Sanandaj in the year 1391-92. The research type is correlative which has been conducted descriptively. The statistical community is the whole High School female students of a district in Sanandaj whose use the Internet (600) and its sample volume has equaled (100) by dint of Kukran. The devices are in the following framework: Jung Kamibrel (1998), stress scale questionnaire, along with ‘Libewand and Libewand mental stress and strain’ (1995). In order to inferentially analyze the data emanated from the measurement devices the two methods of Pearson and Regression were put to practice. The results revealed that there is a meaningful relationship between Internet access and female stresss. The research also showed that 51% of the users were “exposed” to the danger of the Net. The stress of the students was also evaluated in the level of High School. The findings divulge that the higher the Internet addiction rate, the greater the amount of the stress and pressure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
257 - Study the factors associated with the female teacher’s occupational burnout in Qaemshahrs secondary schools
Gholam Hoseyn Ansar Momeni Manizheh Zakariyaie Leyla Ghobadi LamokiOccupational burnout problem in working many of human services is visible as chafe tiredly, Personality astray and personal UN successfully. This research was Study the factors associated with the female teacher’s occupational burnout in Qaemshahrs secondary schoo MoreOccupational burnout problem in working many of human services is visible as chafe tiredly, Personality astray and personal UN successfully. This research was Study the factors associated with the female teacher’s occupational burnout in Qaemshahrs secondary schools. This is a descriptive and sectional research and it was integeration in 1391 that 152 people of female teachers of high school of Qaemshahr are selected in it by the way of beard-accidentally sampling. Indigent in formation was collected by Maslach standard questionary and it is used of piersoun integeration test, T test and Anova for statistically analyzing. Based on this study, most of teachers suffer from slight occupational burnout, but based on the result of this research there are people that have average to violent occupational burnout.So, it is recommended to the answerables that perform needed performance for regulation and prophylaxis from this operations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - effectiveness of positive group Training on increasing the happiness And Quality Of Life of women heads of households
Vahid Mostafa Pour Farideh Hossein Sabet Ahmad BorjaliThis study aimed to investigate the effect of positive training on increase happiness and quality of life of women heads of households was covered by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee. The study was a quasiexperimental research and conducted through the pre-test, post-test MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effect of positive training on increase happiness and quality of life of women heads of households was covered by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee. The study was a quasiexperimental research and conducted through the pre-test, post-test, and follow up design with control group. to select a sample from the centers Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Sufian , a center mode available selected and then the center of female-headed households under 30 were select based on inclusion criteria and assigned to the experimental and control group randomly (15 personseach group). Both groups responded to the World Health Organization Quality of Life and Happiness Questionnaires. In later stages of the study, on the experimental group, 8 sessions of 90 minutes based on Positive training was carried out while the control group received no trainig and after end sessions both quality of life and happiness questionnaires as the posttest was conducted, Data obtained using analysis of covariance and dependent t-test were analyzed. The results of covariance indicated significant and considerable increase in the happiness and quality of life in the experimental as compared with the control group at the post-test stage. These results were maintained in the 30 days follow-up stage, too. Overal results indicate that Positive training to happiness and quality of life of female-headed households has increased, based on the results of the present study, positive training can be used for improvement of happiness and quality of life in women heads of households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - The Effect of Reality therapy on Depression in Female-headed households under the auspices of the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Shiraz in 2019
Ali Hosseini Aadan MoeinAbstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reality therapy on depression of female-headed households in Shiraz in 2019. In this study, experimental design with pre-test and post-test including control group was used. The statistical populat MoreAbstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reality therapy on depression of female-headed households in Shiraz in 2019. In this study, experimental design with pre-test and post-test including control group was used. The statistical population of this study was female-headed households referred to Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Shiraz in year 2019. Based on purposive sampling method, 30 of them with high score of Beck depression questionnaire and low resiliency score were selected. They were randomly allocated to control and experimental groups. Both groups completed Beck depression questionnaire before intervention. The experimental group received the reality therapy training package in eight sessions. Depression questionnaire was again completed by both groups. the results of covariance analysis indicated that reality-based intervention reduced depression in female-headed households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - The effect of Rumi’s integrated didactic model training on parent-child relationships in female students
Fariba Farazi Masoumeh Esmaili Hossein Eskandari Mohammad HatamiParents and their children build new relationships with each other during adolescence. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Rumi’s integrated didactic model training on parent-child relationships. The present study was a ‎Quasi-experimental ‎resea MoreParents and their children build new relationships with each other during adolescence. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Rumi’s integrated didactic model training on parent-child relationships. The present study was a ‎Quasi-experimental ‎research with a pretest-‎posttest ‎control group design and the statistical population comprised all twelfth grade female students in Birjand technical schools in the academic year 2016-2017. Out of this population, 30 people who met the inclusion criteria were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Fine, Moreland and Schwebel Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (1983) was used to measure the dependent variable. The training program was performed in 8 sessions of 1 hour for the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results demonstrated that Rumi’s integrated didactic model training improved parent-child relationships compared to the control group (P <0.05). According to the obtained results, it can be stated that the quality of parent-child relationships improves as a result of Rumi’s integrated didactic model training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - The effectiveness of mindfulness training On the self-resilience and perceived social support of Women as heads heads of households
Leila Hosseini tabaghdehiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on self-resilience and perceived social support of female-headed households. The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The stati MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on self-resilience and perceived social support of female-headed households. The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The statistical population of this study Included all female heads of households in Chamestan of Nour city in 2020, numbering 483 people according to the statistics of the Registry Office. Using self-efficacy of Kolahnen (1996) and perceived social support of Zimet & et all (1988) questionnaires, initial screening was performed and 30 people Selected and randomly randomly divided into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups . The subjects of the experimental and control groups answered the self-efficacy and perceived social support questionnaires in three stages of pre-test - post-test and follow-up. The experimental group underwent mindfulness training in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test. The results showed that mindfulness training is effective on self- resilience and perceived social support of female-headed households (p<0.01)and the results were still stable in the follow-up phase Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - Social factors related to the tendency of female students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz towards democracy .
Javad Ali Ali Akbarpour Mahmoud Elmi Samad AbedeniThe main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between some social and individual factors related to the tendency of students of the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz to democracy. The type of research was applied, the research method was survey and th MoreThe main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between some social and individual factors related to the tendency of students of the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz to democracy. The type of research was applied, the research method was survey and the data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the measurement tool was determined through the face validity and reliability of the instrument using Cronbach's alpha. The statistical population of students was Islamic Azad University of Tabriz with 12 faculties and had 20100 thousand students. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula of 377 people. The sampling method was stratified randomly proportional to the size of the population. According to the information obtained, Pearson correlation coefficient between the variables of tendency to democracy and religiosity is 0.65, which indicates a direct and positive relationship. Also, according to the test result, the average of the variable of tendency towards democracy varies according to the type of family. The tendency towards democracy is slightly higher among single students than among married students. Based on the findings, the tendency of students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz to democracy varies according to the job status of students. There is a need to create the conditions for the creation and expansion of civil society organizations and non-governmental organizations in order for students to participate in political activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - Explaining the role of the family in the passion for work and activity among female heads of the household
Nowruz HashemzehiThe family is the most important institution of socialization and any disruption in the functioning of the family affects the pillars of the society. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the role of family in the desire for a job among 18-60-year- MoreThe family is the most important institution of socialization and any disruption in the functioning of the family affects the pillars of the society. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the role of family in the desire for a job among 18-60-year-old female heads of households in Qiyamdasht using a survey method and a questionnaire tool and a sample size of 100 people by systematic sampling. Validity was confirmed by the judgment of experts and the reliability of the instrument was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient.The results showed that 14% of the women are illiterate, their fathers' occupational status is low, but they themselves wished for an average occupational status and 87% had a high job enthusiasm. Tailoring, hairdressing, carpet weaving, cooking, sales have been among the most important areas of their desire to be employed.There is a relationship between father's and mother's education, as well as the suitable age for marriage of daughters from the mother's point of view, with women's career aspirations, but there is a correlation between the length of time the parents have lived in Tehran, the suitable age for the daughter's marriage from the father's point of view, and monthly expenses. Family, father's occupational status, work motivation and women's success were not confirmed by their career enthusiasm. None of the family characteristics had any effect on women's job enthusiasm.Empowering women requires transformation in all relevant institutions. To reduce women's problems, entrepreneurship and job creation should be prioritized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - The Nahj al -Balaghah literature in culture male-female relations in society
Narjes NasrollahiMental health has long been of interest to Muslims, the origins of which can be traced back to the Qur'an And explored the approach of rhetoric. Man is a creature who has been replaced by God on earth. Man needs to be educated in order to reach the position of God's cal MoreMental health has long been of interest to Muslims, the origins of which can be traced back to the Qur'an And explored the approach of rhetoric. Man is a creature who has been replaced by God on earth. Man needs to be educated in order to reach the position of God's caliph. Factors such as natural environment, family environment, community, companionship, friends have a great impact on one's education. The literature of tribal elders, leaders and propaganda apparatuses can be effective in creating culture and educating the people of the society. Imam Ali (AS) in order to create an Islamic way of life in the family and the correct education of the family with the words of Shiva and eloquent and eloquent educated Muslims after the Prophet (PBUH). In Nahj al-Balaghah, he used purposeful words and phrases to create a culture in accordance with the Islamic worldview in order to protect the society from the psychological damage caused by the wrong relations between men and women in the society. Among the tools to improve the relationship between men and women in society, curb lust Sex and the proper use of the tools that God has given to man; It is like the eyes, ears, tongue, behavior and actions of human beings. In pre-Islamic ignorance and modern ignorance; To bury alive There were children, especially daughters, polygamy, marriage with the father's wife, incestuous marriage, following the devil, immorality, and gossip. This article compares the words and words of Imam Ali (AS) in the moral education of men and women and the creation of a lifestyle in society in contrast to Western and European education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - Presenting a model and explaining the solutions for popularizing women's sports, from the perspective of sports science professors and female employees in Mashhad
Fahimeh Rivadeh Mohamad ali Ghare Elham Karimi torghabe Rahele KardavaniAbstract,The aim of this study was to present a model and explain the solutions for popularizing women's sports from the perspective of sports science professors and female employees in Mashhad. The research method was content analysis. According to the Purpose of the r MoreAbstract,The aim of this study was to present a model and explain the solutions for popularizing women's sports from the perspective of sports science professors and female employees in Mashhad. The research method was content analysis. According to the Purpose of the research, using library including, 45 related articles and in-depth interviews with 20 professional and scientific ome elements were extracted, grouped and indentified as…elements of obstacles and solutions for popularization of women's sports. Theme analysis was used. The output of this step was to identify 34 solutions. Convergent and divergent validity was used to determine the validity, which yielded results and coefficients above 70%. The results showed that the development of sports among women requires the improvement of social beliefs, a fair and equitable view in the staff, a sense of women's desire for sports and the implementation of motivational plans. Implementation of projects such as leisure festivals and the Joy and Health Cup should be better planned for women to increase women's interest in sports. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - Explaining the mediating role of job stress in the effect of work-family conflict on the tendency of female employees to leave their jobs
Samira Hoseinzadeh Samaneh Salimi of questionnaires was obtained 0.9, 0.79, and 0.89 by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, respectively. Research data was analyzed using statistical methods of Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation model using SPSS23 and Lisrel8.8 software. The o More of questionnaires was obtained 0.9, 0.79, and 0.89 by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, respectively. Research data was analyzed using statistical methods of Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation model using SPSS23 and Lisrel8.8 software. The obtained findings from SEM showed that work-family conflict has a direct effect on the intention to leave job (0.24); work-family conflict has a direct effect on the Job stress (0.43); and Job stress have a direct effect on the intention to leave job (0.26). Moreover, the work-family conflict has an indirect effect on the intention to leave job of the female employees in the state organizations of Zahedan city through the mediation of job stress job stress (0.57). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - Modeling of job characteristics and job stress with the mediating role of emotional transmission among female medical staff in Tabriz hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic
Nasim Saberi Jahangir Yari Omid Ali HosseinzadehThe aim of this study was to model job characteristics and job stress with the mediating role of emotional contagion among female medical staff in Tabriz hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method of the present study was descriptive-survey and the correlational MoreThe aim of this study was to model job characteristics and job stress with the mediating role of emotional contagion among female medical staff in Tabriz hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method of the present study was descriptive-survey and the correlational research design was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was all female medical staff of Tabriz hospitals in 2021-2022. Among these staff, 262 women medical staff were purposefully selected by voluntary sampling. The research instruments included job characteristics questionnaire (JCHQ), emotional contagion questionnaire (ECQ) and job stress questionnaire (JSQ). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between job characteristics with emotional contagion (0.414), emotional contagion with job stress (-0.307) and job characteristics with job stress (-0.146) (P <0.01). Also, the mediating role of emotional contagion between the path of job characteristics and job stress (-0.127) was significant (P <0.01). On the other hand, the reliability and validity of the research model also showed that the research model is at a desirable level. Given the results, the government should consider increasing investment in the health care system to reduce job stress in health care workers who face higher workloads. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
268 - Investigating the socio-individual factors associated with the tendency of Tabriz men and women citizens to sport activities
anesah Mousavi davood ebrahimpoorExercise as one of the individual-social manifestations, while preserving and maintaining the physical and mental health of the community, is important for the proper fulfillment of the individual, family and social roles. The general objective of this research is to de MoreExercise as one of the individual-social manifestations, while preserving and maintaining the physical and mental health of the community, is important for the proper fulfillment of the individual, family and social roles. The general objective of this research is to determine socio-cultural factors related to the tendency of Tabriz citizens to sport activities. The research method was essentially descriptive and of a survey type. The statistical population of the study was citizens of Tabriz under the age of 15 years old. According to the statistics center of Iran in 1395, the number of them is 1319033 people, of whom 670516 men and 648516 women. . In order to collect the required data about the population, cluster sampling was used to collect data. In this type of sampling, people are selected according to a hierarchy of types of community units. The samples were selected in proportion to the population of the 10 municipalities. Then, 384 questionnaires were filled out by citizens randomly by referring to residential houses in each of the districts. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was reviewed using the views of the professors of this field. To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha was used. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normal distribution of variables and Pearson correlation test, independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to test the hypotheses. Findings of the research showed that the most important factors tend to sport activities, sex, age, marital status, education, income, social support, person's perception of the body, social capital and cultural capital, each of which has a certain share in the communication of citizens Have tended to exercise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
269 - Examining the experiences of Female Graduate Students of the University of Tabriz from Absurdity and Meaningless: A Phenomenological Study
Ali Imanzadeh Sareyah Alipour Sadegah MohammadzadehThe purpose of this study is to investigate the experiences of Female Graduate Students of the University of Tabriz from Absurdity and Meaningless. The method used is qualitative and of a kind of interpretive phenomenology. Participants in this study were 20 female grad MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the experiences of Female Graduate Students of the University of Tabriz from Absurdity and Meaningless. The method used is qualitative and of a kind of interpretive phenomenology. Participants in this study were 20 female graduate students of Tabriz University who were selected by purposeful sampling. The data were collected according to deep, individual and semi-structured interviews, and interviews continued until data saturation. After implementation of the interview on paper the interviews were analyzed in the Hermeneutic approach and based on Dickelman, Tanner and Allen (1998) method. The findings of the lived experiences of female graduate students of the University of Tabriz regarding the sense of absurdity and meaninglessness were identified in three main themes: "Causes and factors of absurdity and meaninglessness ", "destructive behaviors" and "ways to reduce and overcome the feeling of absurdity and meaninglessness " and 13 sub-thems. Based on the findings of the research, it is possible to come up with solutions such as reviewing government policies, training entrepreneur students, holding skills training courses, career counseling, psychological and religious counseling, and changing the pernicious traditional attitudes about this absurdity and meaninglessness feeling in this sample was overcome. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
270 - The structural model of psycho-cultural empowerment of women (case study of female teachers in Tehran)
Elaheh Shokrolahehbabaee Ataala Abtahi ghodsi Ahghar Abbasali Ghayoumi Aliakbar RezaeeEmpowerment of female teachers is one of the central issues in education that has a mutual impact on teachers on the one hand and students on the other, however, the present article in order to achieve this goal among female teachers in Tehran using The structural equat MoreEmpowerment of female teachers is one of the central issues in education that has a mutual impact on teachers on the one hand and students on the other, however, the present article in order to achieve this goal among female teachers in Tehran using The structural equation model examines the factors affecting the empowerment of women teachers and its consequences using relevant theories. The statistical population of the study included all first grade high school teachers in Tehran in the academic year 1401-1400, of which a sample size of 300 people was estimated using stratified random sampling using Morgan table. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on a 5-item scale. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed in terms of form and content by several experts, the validity was confirmed by calculating the slope and the validity was confirmed by calculating the square root of the AVE. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.86 through Cronbach's alpha for the whole questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha, tangent (AVE) tests, AVE root matrix, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and confirmatory factor analysis using smartpls3 software. The research results showed; Factors; Organizational culture, organizational structure, organizational monitoring system, organizational reward system, organizational management systems have an important role in women's psycho-cultural empowerment, as well as promoting women's empowerment in three dimensions: interpersonal empowerment, managerial and leadership empowerment and the ability to create events. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
271 - Examine the relationship between gender stereotypes and social participation among female students of Islamic Azad University of Miyandoab
Zohre Sagafi Firouz RadThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between gender stereotypes and social participation among female students of Islamic Azad University of Miyandoab. The research is a survey with respect to the objectives and nature. The population of the study w MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between gender stereotypes and social participation among female students of Islamic Azad University of Miyandoab. The research is a survey with respect to the objectives and nature. The population of the study was 1300 people of whom 297 were selected as the sample by random sampling and Cochran formula. Data gathered by a questionnaire and they were analyzed by Pearson, T and F test and regression multivariate analysis. The findings indicate that, there is a meaningful and positive relationship between modern and traditional gender stereotypes and social participation with their significance level (0.10), and (0.98) respectively. But, there is no significant correlation between age and social participation. Also, there is significant difference between the modern gender stereotypes and social base with significant level of (0.42), and between the social participation and ethnic group with significance level of (0.22). However, there is no significant difference between marital status and social participation and between traditional gender stereotypes and social base. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
272 - Theoretical Approach to Ecofeminism
Halimeh Enayat Heydar FathzadehOne of the important outcomes of the development of world economics hasbeen quick destruction of natural resources and ecosystem of the world. Somefeminists believe that ecology is a specific feministic issue and they createdsomething which can be called “ecofemin MoreOne of the important outcomes of the development of world economics hasbeen quick destruction of natural resources and ecosystem of the world. Somefeminists believe that ecology is a specific feministic issue and they createdsomething which can be called “ecofeminism”. Before the advent of westernexploitation and western sciences, natives had close and friendly relations withthe world nature all over the world. Natural forces commonly were consideredfeminine as they were manifestation of productive powers of vegetation andreproduction.There was a feminine principle that is woman’s specific relations with thenature through production and reproduction, giving birth to a baby, feedingbabies and keeping them safe during their growth. This feminine principle was aguarantee that natural environment should not be abused, but it should beattended to and put into operation with care. However, this relation with thenature and natural resources was severely damaged with the advent of westernexploitation. And the feminine principle was overturned. Nature which was stillconsidered feminine turned into a passive resource. The overturning paved theway for environment destruction, overuse of the earth and harmful expansion oftechnology. The only way out of this crisis was to reestablish primitive relationof women with the environment and promotion of returning to the nature. In thisway, ecofeminism came to existence. For this reason, ecofeminism is an effortto overcome the shortcomings of the main stream of sociology to respond theecosystem problems which the world is grappling with. This theory tries toovercome the methodological reductionism of the main idea of feminism byconsidering the necessary usage of multi-reasoned explanations in studying thesuperior and inferior relations, and it has thus turned into a promising theory toovercome some methodological, epistemological and ontological shortcomingsof feminism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
273 - The relationship between the use of foreign media and the changing of reference group of students in Islamic Azad university of Uremia
Mehdi Hajiaga Arezzo AlizadehThe aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the use of foreign media and the changing of reference group of female students in Islamic Azad university of Uremia. The population of the study is the whole students of Azad university of Uremia (12466) MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the use of foreign media and the changing of reference group of female students in Islamic Azad university of Uremia. The population of the study is the whole students of Azad university of Uremia (12466) among whom 376 students were selected as sample of the study using Cochran formula. Stratified cluster sampling method was used as a sampling method in the schools of Azad University of Uremia. The results show that there is a meaningful difference between the use of foreign media and life style of their users and the change of reference group. Also, there was no significant difference between background characteristics, social and economic status, educational incentives and news with the use of foreign media. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
274 - Investigation the relationship between social trust and lifestyle among the female teachers 4th Education district in Tabriz
Nadia Naeimi Davood EbrahimpoorThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social trust and teachers’ lifestyle in Tabriz 4th education district. The research method is survey. The study population consisted of all female teachers in Tabriz 4th education district in 95-94 MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social trust and teachers’ lifestyle in Tabriz 4th education district. The research method is survey. The study population consisted of all female teachers in Tabriz 4th education district in 95-94 educational year (300 teachers). The sample size determined by Cochran formula was 168 and the sampling method used to find respondents was stratified random sampling method. To measure the research variables, a questionnaire in a Likert scale was used. According to the research findings obtained from analysis of variance, there is a significant difference between teachers’ interpersonal trust, institutional trust, generalized trust, and civic trust in terms of different life styles. Also, there is a significant difference between teachers’ social trust in terms of age, residence and education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
275 - A study of relation between cultural capital and the rate of social participation among Female teachers of Miandoab
Goshan Rostami Hussein Banifatemeh Mohammad Bagher Alizadeh AghdamThe main objective of this study was to investigate the relation between cultural capital and social participation of Female teachers in Miandoab city. The statistical population included 1500 female teachers. Using a stratified random sampling method, they were classif MoreThe main objective of this study was to investigate the relation between cultural capital and social participation of Female teachers in Miandoab city. The statistical population included 1500 female teachers. Using a stratified random sampling method, they were classified to primary, guidance and high school proportionally. By using the researcher-made question­­naire technique, required data were collected. By using computer soft wares (SPSS) the data was set out and analyzed and the results are as follows: According to data the social participation was high and the amount of cultural capital is average also, the contribution of both embodied and objectified aspects is average but the institutional cultural capital is below average. Thus, there is a straight and meaningful relationship between both social participation and cultural capital variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
276 - A survey of social factors related to religious and political socialization of high school Students in Pars Abad
Rahimeh Gale Mahmood ElmiSocialization is a process of social interaction in which the individuallearns about the norms, values, and other social, cultural, and politicalelements within the group or environment around him, internalizing andunifying him with his personality. The purpose of this MoreSocialization is a process of social interaction in which the individuallearns about the norms, values, and other social, cultural, and politicalelements within the group or environment around him, internalizing andunifying him with his personality. The purpose of this study was todetermine the social factors related to religious and political socializationof high school students in Pars Abad. The research method wasdescriptive survey and in terms of purpose, it is applied. The statisticalpopulation of the study was all the first and second high school studentsof Pars Abad in the academic year 1398-1989 with a total of 10446students. The sample size was 313 according to Cochran method.Statistical sample of schools was selected by proportional stratifiedsampling. The instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire whoseface validity was confirmed by face validity and reliability of the tool wasestimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed that,there is a significant relationship between social factors related toreligious and political socialization of high school male and femalestudents in Pars Abad. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
277 - The relationship between the type and the amount of watching Turkish series and single female students’ lifestyle in Islamic Azad university of Uremia
Vahideh T arzami Nejhad Razieh SefidgarThis study aims to investigate the relationship between type (genre) and amount of watching Turkish series and female students’ lifestyle. The method of this study is survey. The population of this study consists of female students in Islamic Azad University of Ur MoreThis study aims to investigate the relationship between type (genre) and amount of watching Turkish series and female students’ lifestyle. The method of this study is survey. The population of this study consists of female students in Islamic Azad University of Uremia in the first semester of 94-95 educational year. The volume of the sample is determined by Cochran formula as 362 and this is done through random sampling method. The data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire which was analyzed by SPSS software. The theoretical framework of research is based on the views of "the influence of media" such as “cultivation” theory, “media dependency” theory, “social expectations” theory and theory of lifestyle by Giddens and Bourdieu. According to the results, the majority of female respondents (56/4 %) claim that the effect of the Satellite Turkish language series on their lifestyle is low. The most important results also show that: There is a significant relationship between amount of watching Turkish series and also, there is a significant relationship between amount of watching the Turkish series and way of spending leisure, how to dress (fashion), interpersonal relationships, religious attitude. There is no significant relationship between amount of watching Turkish series and level of consumerism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
278 - ترجیح سبک یادگیری در مترجمان حرفه ای مرد و زن
الهام اکبری امین کریم نیااین مطالعه به بررسی ترجیح سبک یادگیری در میان مترجمان حرفهای پرداخته است. هدف این مطالعه عبارتاست از (الف) یافتن سبک یادگیری غالب در میان مترجمان حرفهای ایرانی؛ (ب) یافتن هر گونه تفاوت معنیداردر ترجیح سبک یادگیری مترجمان از لحاظ جنسیت؛ و (ج) یافتن هر گونه تفاوت معنیدار Moreاین مطالعه به بررسی ترجیح سبک یادگیری در میان مترجمان حرفهای پرداخته است. هدف این مطالعه عبارتاست از (الف) یافتن سبک یادگیری غالب در میان مترجمان حرفهای ایرانی؛ (ب) یافتن هر گونه تفاوت معنیداردر ترجیح سبک یادگیری مترجمان از لحاظ جنسیت؛ و (ج) یافتن هر گونه تفاوت معنیدار میان سبک یادگیریفردی و قابلیت و شایستگی ترجمهی مترجمان زن و مرد بود. برای نیل به این اهداف، 110 مترجم حرفهای از 35مرکز ترجمه در 3 استان جنوبی ایران (فارس، هرمزگان و بوشهر) از طریق نمونه گیری غیراحتمالی انتخاب شدند.دادههای مربوط به سبک یادگیری از طریق استفاده از پرسشنامهی سبک یادگیری هانی و موفورد جمعآوری شد،و قابلیت و صلاحیت ترجمه کردن از طریق متنی آزموده شد که شرکت کنندگان ترجمه کردند. یافتهها نشان دادو در رتبهی بعدی مصلحتگرا ،(Reflector) که سبک یادگیری غالب مترجمان، عبارت از بازتابندهاست، هر چند گروهی که سبک نگرشگر را (Theorist) و نگرشگر (Activist) عملگرا ،(Pragmatist)ترجیح میدادند، عملکرد بهتری را نشان دادند. علاوهبراین، یافتهها هیچ گونه تفاوت یا ارتباط معنیداری را میانANOVA جنسیت مترجمان و ترجیح سبک یادگیری نشان ندادند. در نهایت، نتایج ی یک طرفه نشان داد کهتفاوت معنیداری میان گروهها از لحاظ ترجیح سبک یادگیری و قابلیت و شایستگی ترجمهی مترجمان وجوددارد. برخی دلالتهای تعلیمی نیز مورد بحث و بررسی قرار گرفت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
279 - تأتیر پیچیدگی شرایط و دشواری فعالیتهای کلاسی بر صحت دستوری نگارش زبانآموزان ایرانی
سعیده آهنگری مهلقا اکبریچکیده روشهای مختلف آموزشی همواره سعی در کمک به زبانآموزان در آموزش زبان داشتهاند.نتایج تحقیق ارزش و تأثیر بهکارکیری انواع فعالیتهای کلاسی را در پیشبرد صحت نوشتاری زبانآموزان کمتأثیر و بیاهمیت جلوه دادهاند.بنابراین، این تحقیق سعی بر آن دارد تا اینکه شرایط استف Moreچکیده روشهای مختلف آموزشی همواره سعی در کمک به زبانآموزان در آموزش زبان داشتهاند.نتایج تحقیق ارزش و تأثیر بهکارکیری انواع فعالیتهای کلاسی را در پیشبرد صحت نوشتاری زبانآموزان کمتأثیر و بیاهمیت جلوه دادهاند.بنابراین، این تحقیق سعی بر آن دارد تا اینکه شرایط استفاده درست از زمان گذشتهساده (صحت نوشتاری) را بر اساس پیچیدگی فعالیتها (نوع فعالیت: then-&-there;now-&here) شرایط فعالیت (جنسیت: مؤنث و مذکر) و دشواری فعالیت (سطحآموزشی:مبتدی و متوسط)بسنجد.ازاینرو 60 زبانآموز از آموزشگاه گلدیس برای شرکت در این تحقیق بهطور اتفاقی برگزیده شدهاند. افراد تحقیق به چهار گروه مبتدی مؤنث-مبتدی مذکر-متوسط مؤنث-متوسط مذکر طبقهبندی شدهاند.برای سنجش همگنی اولیه هر دو گروه در سطوح مختلفآموزشی دو نوع آزمون استاندارد بهکارگرفته شده است: برای گروه مبتدیKET و برای گروه متوسطPET. در گروهnow-&-Hereزبانآموزان در رابطه با یک تصویر ارایهشده داستانی نوشتندودر گروه then-&-there در رابطه با جشن تولد خود مطلبی نوشنتند. سپس نوشتار دو گروه از نظر استفاده صحیح زمان گذشته با هم مقایسه گردید.نتایج تحقیق بهدست آمده تفاوت معنیداری در هر دو گروه مؤنث و مذکر با توجه به سطح و نوع فعالیت آموزشی نشان دادهاند.این تحقیق دارای یافتههای آموزشی مفیدی در رابطه با ارتباط بین پیچیدگی فعالیتها، شرایط فعالیت و دشواری فعالیت و یادگیری مهارتهای مختلف زبان دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
280 - Theological Reflection about Evidences of Women Judgeship Prohibition
hassan gholipourOne of the main issues that are considered judicially in the recent years is competence and incompetence of women adjudication responsibility. Most jurists accept the condition of being male to judge. But this is the issue that its dossier of scientific review is open b MoreOne of the main issues that are considered judicially in the recent years is competence and incompetence of women adjudication responsibility. Most jurists accept the condition of being male to judge. But this is the issue that its dossier of scientific review is open based on standards of legal issues. In jurisprudence, most jurists adjudge that condition of judgeship is being male. Those jurists referred to Quran, Tradition, Consensus and Wisdom to confirm their viewpoints. But in jurisprudence, there is contrary viewpoint. It predicates women judgeship is absolutely prohibited unless under certain circumstances. In this article, the author analyses evidences of women judgeship prohibition. Here, all the talk I review is that there is no reason to prohibit absolutely women judgeship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
281 - Studying Why the Repentance of Male Fornicator is Given no Lesser Punishment, after Qiyam Bayyinah(A Criticism on Article 114 of the Islamic Penal Code)
Mojtaba HosseinnezhadBased on the verdict of whether or not to accept the repentance of male fornicator after Qiyam Bayyinah, there is a disagreement between jurists. Although some jurists such as Sheikh Sadooq and Sheikh Mofid believe that the repentance of male fornicator makes him deserv MoreBased on the verdict of whether or not to accept the repentance of male fornicator after Qiyam Bayyinah, there is a disagreement between jurists. Although some jurists such as Sheikh Sadooq and Sheikh Mofid believe that the repentance of male fornicator makes him deserving of lesser punishment, most of them are in an agreement that it cannot conducive to commutate the punishment. This was outlined by Article 114 of the Islamic Penal Code. Taking into account all these comments as well as examining them, the authors arrive at the conclusion that even though there are many narrations. No reference or documentary value specified to prove that the repentance of male fornicator makes him undeserving of lesser punishment. It is due to some evidence including the Istishab principle and the Hadd punishment etc, according to believers’ claim of first quote. There is also some weak evidence to believers’ claim of second quote including the lack of documentary evidence and relying on Tuaf al-uqūl narrative. Thus, the important thing is to investigate if the reputation evidence is reliable. After reviewing the documentations, it becomes clear that the believers’ claims of first quotes provide no proof of eligibility to be ascribed to. None of the believers’ claims of second quotes, on the other hand, are veracious except those of Tuaf al-uqūl narratives. Neither the believers’ claims of first quotes nor the believers’ claims of second quotes, except those of Tuaf al-uqūl narratives, are veracious enough to be ascribed to. However, the believers’ claims of second quotes are thoroughly complete concerning the Tuaf al-uqūl narratives. There is no problem with investigating the documentations. Confirming the authenticity of this document as being thoroughly complete according to the believers’ claims of second quotes, there is no doubt to accept the second quote in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
282 - Effects of alcoholic extract of Euphorbia cyparissias on spermatogenesis and serum level of testosterone in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
نعیمه Mehanfar M.A Nourazar مهدی RahnemaDiabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder which is considered one of the main causes of mortality in developed countries. Long term use of the majority of synthetic anti-diabetic drugs lead to various side effects therefore the use of medicinal plants has currently bec MoreDiabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder which is considered one of the main causes of mortality in developed countries. Long term use of the majority of synthetic anti-diabetic drugs lead to various side effects therefore the use of medicinal plants has currently become popular. Traditionally, Euphorbia cyparissias has been used for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-neoplastic properties. In the present study 40 male Wistar rats were studied in four groups (n=10). The groups included: control, diabetic, alcoholic 500, alcoholic 250. The alcoholic groups received 250 and 500 mg/kg of alcoholic extract of Euphorbia cyparissias for 21 days through gastric gavage following induction of diabetes with streptozotocin. In control and diabetes induced groups an identical volume of physiological serum was gavaged. The testicular tissue and blood samples were obtained at the end of the experimental period for histological and blood testosterone concentration purposes, respectively. Results suggested that the serum glucose and testosterone concentrations in the control and alcoholic 500 groups had a significant difference with the other groups (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
283 - Effect of vitamin E supplementation on serumic levels of lipids and lipoproteins in cholesterol-fed male rat
M.H Khayat Nouri محمد Mashayekhi رضا Jafari M.R Nasirzade جعفر Rahmani Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. High blood cholesterol affects the general health and increases the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases. High levels of cholesterol in the diet increases LDL levels and More Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. High blood cholesterol affects the general health and increases the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases. High levels of cholesterol in the diet increases LDL levels and decreases the activity of LDL receptors in the liver. Oxidation of vascular LDL lipoproteins increases the development of atherosclerosis. Previous studies have indicated that consumption of antioxidants decreases hypercholesterolemia. This study evaluates the effect of vitamin E supplementation on blood lipid levels in high cholesterol-fed rats. In this experimental study, three groups of male rats (n=10 for each group) were used. The control group received basic diet and one of the other two groups received a diet containing one percent cholesterol and while the other received the same diet plus vitamin E supplement (2500 IU/kg in dry matter of the diet) for one month. After determining the values of TC, LDL, VLDL, HDL and TG the results indicated that in rats fed with 1% cholesterol apart from HDL and VLDL the other lipids had increased significantly compared with the control group (p<0.01). Supplementation with vitamin E significantly decreased the TC and LDL levels in comparison with the 1% cholesterol fed group (p<0.01). This effect of vitamin E may be related to its antioxidant and inhibitory effects on lipoprotein synthesis pathway. The validity of these points in humans needs further investigations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
284 - The effect of different levels of date meals on cockerles performance
فرشید Kheiri جواد Pourreza مصطفی Faghani یاسر RahimiyanIn order to study the effect of replacing different levels of date meal to corn, 180 one-day-old male broiler Ros308 chicks with 5 treatments and 3 replicates were used. The chicks had free access to food and water during the experimental period. Five experimental treat MoreIn order to study the effect of replacing different levels of date meal to corn, 180 one-day-old male broiler Ros308 chicks with 5 treatments and 3 replicates were used. The chicks had free access to food and water during the experimental period. Five experimental treatments were as follows: the first treatment (control group) consisted of the diet which lacked date meal, the second treatment was the diet which contained %5 of date meal which replaced corn, the third treatment was the diet which contained %10 of date meal, in the fourth treatment %15 date meal was used and in the fifth treatment %20 of date meal was used. In this experiment, feed consumption, average daily gain, feed conversion and the measurement of the metabolism energy were recorded after the end of each week and the broiler chicks were weighted each week. At the end of the experimental period two broilers from each pen were selected, killed and then dressing percentage, abdominal fat (the fat around the cloaca and gizzard), intestines, gizzard, spleen, pancreas, liver and gall-bladder were measured. The best average daily gain was observed in the group which had %15 date meal. Maximum feed consumption was observed in the group with %5 date meal and minimum feed consumption in the control group. The most body weight gain was related to %15 replacement group and the most dressing percentage was related to %15 replacement of the date meal group. The most fecal moisture was related to %20 date meal. Considering intestinal histopathological study, the diet containing %10 date meal had the least effect on intestinal thickness. According to the results, 15% is the best level of date meal inclusion in the diet of cockerels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
285 - Post surgical adhesion prevention: Vitamin C or Satureja Khuzestanica
ayda najafian azin alavi kambiz amjadigolpayegani sakineh dadipour ali safarimoradabadi soghra fallahi azita faramarziAbstract Abdominal surgeries can result in intra abdominal adhesions. Since Satureja Khuzestanica is used for its anti oxidant, anti lipid, anti inflammatory and anti bacterial effects, it might also play a role in preventing intra abdominal adhesion. Ther MoreAbstract Abdominal surgeries can result in intra abdominal adhesions. Since Satureja Khuzestanica is used for its anti oxidant, anti lipid, anti inflammatory and anti bacterial effects, it might also play a role in preventing intra abdominal adhesion. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to assess the effects of this plant compared with vitamin C in the prevention of post surgical intra abdominal adhesions.Forty rats were used for this experimental study and were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 10 rats. Ten ml of 0.9% normal saline, 250 mg/kg vitamin C, 250 mg/kg Satureja Khuzestanica, and both vitamin C plus Satureja Khuzestanica were used for the first, second, third and fourth group, respectively. Mazuji classification and pathology assessment were used to grade the amount of adhesion. According to our findings, vitamin C in addition to Satureja Khuzestanica is effective in preventing abdominal adhesions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
286 - The Effectiveness of Vocational Empowerment Based on Multiaxial Pattern of Vocational Choice (SMPVC) on Improvement of Job Engagement Among Female Heads of Families in Tehran
abdollah Shafiabady aref mohammadi Azam Fatahi AndabilThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Vocational empowerment based on Shafiabady's multi-axial pattern of Vocational Choice (SMPVC) on Job Engagement among Female Heads of Families in Tehran. This quasi-experimental study was performed as a pr MoreThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Vocational empowerment based on Shafiabady's multi-axial pattern of Vocational Choice (SMPVC) on Job Engagement among Female Heads of Families in Tehran. This quasi-experimental study was performed as a pretest-posttest experiment with the control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women heads of families in Tehran in 2019, and 30 people were determined as the sample size. Of these, 15 were selected in the experimental group and 15 in the control group by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to the groups. Research tool included the Otrich Work Engagement Scale (Schoffley et al., 2002). A multivariate covariance test was used to analyze the data. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of job Engagement of the experimental group in the pre-test and post-test stages. Therefore, based on the findings, it can be concluded that the vocational empowerment training package based on Shafi'abadi's multi-axis model is effective in job Engagement (and subscales include passion for work, dedication to work, and absorption in work) of Female Heads of Families in Tehran Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
287 - The Factor Analysis, validity, Reliability and Standardization of Eryılmaz Positive Teacher Scale of Among 10th Grade Female High School Student
somayeh soltani dezaki mohammad ali nadi ilnaz sajadianIn literature, positive features of teachers have been investigated under many dimensions. Positive teacher studies focus more on positive teacher-student relationships. The aim of this research was to Investigation of factor construction, validity, reliability and stan MoreIn literature, positive features of teachers have been investigated under many dimensions. Positive teacher studies focus more on positive teacher-student relationships. The aim of this research was to Investigation of factor construction, validity, reliability and standardization the scale of positive teacher 280 Second grade students were multistage cluster randomly selected as sample of thestudy from high school in Tehran in year 2019-2020. These students responded to the Eryılmaz Positive Teacher Questionnaire. In the reliability of the study, Chronbachʼs Alpha coefficient, Guttman, Spearman -Brown and in the validity of confirmatory factor analysis have been used. The Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients were found to be 0.73 for positive teacher scale, and 0.95, 0.83, 0.82, 0.88, 0.94, 0.91 for Subscales) satisfying students need for competence, building positive relationships with students, concretize the subject which is taught, being extravert, supporting students flow experience and supporting students class engagement (respectively. The exploratory factor analysis of the scale showed that it has six factors with opimal fit indices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
288 - The effect of immunization instruction against stress of examination anxiety and academic performance among first grade high-school female students
Alinaghi Aghdasi Bahram Aslfattahi Mahlegha SaedThe main purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of immunization instruction against stress of examination and academic performance among first grade high school female students in Miandoab city. This semi -experimental study was conducted on 30 students who MoreThe main purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of immunization instruction against stress of examination and academic performance among first grade high school female students in Miandoab city. This semi -experimental study was conducted on 30 students who scored high on Philips Test Anxiety Inventory. The sample was selected through cluster random sampling and participants were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Philips Test Anxiety Inventory was administered at pre- test to all participants. The experimental group received intervention methods: Relaxation, Self- instruction (guided self- dialogue), Breath control, Guided imagery and Problem Solving Skills in six sessions while the control group did not receive any intervention. Philips Test Anxiety Inventory was administered again at post-test. Data obtained from pre-test and post-test was analyzed using the factorial analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The findings showed that compared to the control group, test anxiety in the experimental group significantly decreased whereas intervention didn't have effect on improvement of academic performance in experimental group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
289 - The Effectiveness of Regular Physical Activities on Academic Burnout of Male Students of Boarding High Schools
Ali Asgar Bayani Bahram IriThe purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of regular physical activities on the academic burnout of male students of boarding high schools.Sixty male students of boarding high schools were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. MoreThe purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of regular physical activities on the academic burnout of male students of boarding high schools.Sixty male students of boarding high schools were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group did physical activities for two months, 40 minutes per day. All the participants were asked to answer the School Burnout Inventory (BDI, Salmela-Aro, Kiuru, Leskinen, & Nurmi, 2009). The data were analyzed by the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that the academic burnout of the experimental group had a significant reduction in comparison with the control group. Regular physical activities can reduce academic burnout of male students of boarding high schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
290 - The relational study of emotional intelligence and hardiness among teachers of Sarab city
Rogayye Ghaseri Parviz S arandi Gholam Reza Gholmohammad Nejad Fatemeh EyvaziyanThe aim of this inquiry is to investigate the relation between the measure of Emotional intelligence and Hardiness of female teachers90-91. 214 samples had been chosen between elementary, guidance, high school teachers in a proportional way. Data gathering tools were: S MoreThe aim of this inquiry is to investigate the relation between the measure of Emotional intelligence and Hardiness of female teachers90-91. 214 samples had been chosen between elementary, guidance, high school teachers in a proportional way. Data gathering tools were: Sheering Emotional intelligence questionnaire and kobassa Hardiness questionnaire. To investigate hypothesis, they use Pearson test and linear and multiple analysis of Regression. Investigating research hypothesis: among Emotional intelligence, motivating oneself, Self Awareness, Managing oneself, Social skills, with Alienation and among Emotional intelligence, Motivating oneself, Self Awareness, Managing oneself, Sympathy, Social skills with Challenge and among Emotional intelligence, Motivating oneself, Self Awareness, Managing oneself, Sympathy, Social skills with Commitment and at least among Emotional intelligence, Motivating oneself, Self Awareness, Managing oneself, Sympathy, Social skills with Hardiness there was a meaningful relation and also like Regression multiple equation for specify Hardiness, we found that sympathy with = 0.241 and Self-Awareness with =0.239 had the most proportion on the foretelling of under-survey Hardiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
291 - A comparison between male and female students in self-efficacy meta-analysis
Masoomeh Ghaedrahmati Masoud Asadi Asghar ShiralipourThis research using one of the new research methods namely meta-analysis tealt with analyzing and combining the results of researches were done in connection with self-efficacy in research centers in Iran. The statistical population was 25 researches. These researches w MoreThis research using one of the new research methods namely meta-analysis tealt with analyzing and combining the results of researches were done in connection with self-efficacy in research centers in Iran. The statistical population was 25 researches. These researches were chosen based on research methodology components such as questions, hypotheses, aims, statistical population, sampling method, research method, validity, reliability and questionnaires. Statistical analysis was done through comprehensive meta-analysis software. Using Schmidt and Hunter method for combining the effect of size on self-efficacy, the results showed that there was a significant difference between male and female students. The male's effect of size was more than those of female ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
292 - A study of the effective social and environmental factors on female high-school students' drop-out in Miandoab Township in 2010-2011
Alinaghi Aghdasi Afsaneh ZeynalfamThe study aimed at investigating the effective social and environmental factors on the high-school female students` drop-out in MiandoabTownship in 2010-2011. The statistical population included two groups (4085 drop-out and 604 non-dropouts) students. The research meth MoreThe study aimed at investigating the effective social and environmental factors on the high-school female students` drop-out in MiandoabTownship in 2010-2011. The statistical population included two groups (4085 drop-out and 604 non-dropouts) students. The research method was causal – comparative. The sample size was selected through multistage cluster sampling. Using Cochran's formula the sample size was 234 drop-out student. The sample size was randomly selected from non- dropout students. To gather the data researcher made questionnaire was used. The descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyses the data. To test the hypotheses the t-statistic was used. The results showed that there was a significant difference between drop-out and non-dropout students. So the social, environmental, family. Economical and per groups factors are very effective in female drop-out. The mean difference for drop-out based on the living environment (rural or urban) was 1.28 which shows the rate of drop-out is higher in rural area, but it is not statistically significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
293 - Protein- Protein Interaction network analysis for Discovering Potent Candidate Drugs in Female Infertility
Parinaz Tabrizi-Nezhadi Habib MotieGhader masoud Maleki -
Open Access Article
294 - Protein- Protein Interaction network analysis for Discovering Potent Candidate Drugs in Female Infertility
Parinaz Tabrizi-Nejhadi Habib MotieGhader Masoud Maleki -
Open Access Article
295 - بررسی جامعهشناختی حجاب زنان در شهر اسفراین اعتماد و حجاب
ابراهیم صالح ابادیبا تهاجم فرهنگی در دو قرن اخیر بر جوامع اسلامی، موضوع پوشش و حجاب جزء جنجال برانگیزترین مسائل مطرح شده قرار گرفته که نتیجه آن دست کم از نظر برخی ایجاد تردید در ضرورت آن بوده است. مسأله حجاب از مهمترین مسائلی است که بعد از انقلاب اسلامی تاکنون مسؤولان نظام جمهوری اسلامی Moreبا تهاجم فرهنگی در دو قرن اخیر بر جوامع اسلامی، موضوع پوشش و حجاب جزء جنجال برانگیزترین مسائل مطرح شده قرار گرفته که نتیجه آن دست کم از نظر برخی ایجاد تردید در ضرورت آن بوده است. مسأله حجاب از مهمترین مسائلی است که بعد از انقلاب اسلامی تاکنون مسؤولان نظام جمهوری اسلامی را به خود مشغول داشته است. از نظر جامعهشناسی، حجاب مانند هر پدیده اجتماعی دارای بنیادهای اجتماعی است که مقوم آن هستند. یکی از این بنیادها و مقومها، اعتماد میباشد. اعتماد اجتماعی یکی از مقولات و عناصر بنیادین در برقراری تعامل اجتماعی و یکی از عناصر اساسی نظم در جامعه است. در چند دهه اخیر مفهوم اعتماد اجتماعی با چشم اندازهای متفاوتی در نظریات اجتماعی مطرح گردیده و به عنوان یکی از مهمترین مبینهای جهان مدرن مطرح است. در این مقاله تلاش میشود تا با بهرهگیری از مفهوم اعتماد، حجاب زنان را توضیح دهد. روش تحقیق پیمایشی و با استفاده از پرسشنامه مشخصات زمینه ای و حجاب 390 زن بین سنین 15-30 سال مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بین مؤلفههای اعتماد( میزان اعتماد به صدا و سینما و مسؤولین دولتی، میزان اعتماد عمومی و میزان اعتماد به خانواده) از یک سو و میزان حجاب از سوی دیگر، رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. بیشتر افرادی که به مسولین دولتی و صدا و سیما اعتماد کم دارند، از اعتماد عمومی کمی برخوردارند و همچنین به خانواده خود، کمتر اعتماد دارند، بدحجاب هستند و کسانی که در این مؤلفهها میزان بیشتری از اعتماد را دارند، محجبه هستند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
296 - بررسی روحیه پایداری جوانان در اشعار شاعران زن معاصر (ژاله قائم مقامی و پروین اعتصامی و سیمین بهبهانی)
مکرمه حمیدی حسینعلی پاشاپسندی حسین پارساییپژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی چگونگی ارتباط جوانان با مقولهی مقاومت و پایداری در اشعار شاعران زن معاصر ایران؛ ژاله قائم مقامی، پروین اعتصامی و سیمین بهبهانی و تأثیر اشعار آنها بر اهداف و روحیات جوانان نگاشته شده است. در این پژوهش سعی شده تا دیدگاههای این شعرا را در مورد ج Moreپژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی چگونگی ارتباط جوانان با مقولهی مقاومت و پایداری در اشعار شاعران زن معاصر ایران؛ ژاله قائم مقامی، پروین اعتصامی و سیمین بهبهانی و تأثیر اشعار آنها بر اهداف و روحیات جوانان نگاشته شده است. در این پژوهش سعی شده تا دیدگاههای این شعرا را در مورد جوانان و پایداری مورد مطالعه قرار دهیم. لذا روشی که در این تحقیق به کار بستیم توصیفی - تحلیلی بوده و شیوهی جمعآوری اطلاعات کتابخانهای است که از کتاب، فیش، نرمافزارهای ادبی به عنوان ابزار این تحقیق استفاده شده است. نتایج این پژوهش نشان میدهد فضای اجتماعی دوران معاصر زمینه را برای خلق این اشعار از طرف شعرای زن معاصر بسیار مهیا کرده بود و بر روحیهی ایستادگی جوانان مؤثر واقع گردیده بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
297 - Relationship between social satisfaction and tendency to social deviations among students of Payame Noor Malekan University
Nosrat Girbanian Mahmoud Elmi -
Open Access Article
298 - The Role of Family Emotional Climate in Predicting Social Competence among Female High School Students in Dezful City
Nasim Taleipour Masoumeh Motlaq -
Open Access Article
299 - A Study on the Social Trust and its Influencing Factors among Female Students in Ilam Universities
Mansour Vosoghi Saideh Heidari -
Open Access Article
300 - A Study on the Attitude of Unmarried Male Students of Ferdowsi University toward Marriage and its Affecting Factors
Ali Akbar Majdi Omid Rezaei -
Open Access Article
301 - The Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance Training with Vitamin D Supplementation on Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-15 in Overweight Women
shadi afshar bahram abediIntroduction: Vitamin D plays an important role in the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome, which may increase the benefits of exercise. The current study was to examine the effect of eight weeks resistance training with vitamin D consumption on Interleukin 1 MoreIntroduction: Vitamin D plays an important role in the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome, which may increase the benefits of exercise. The current study was to examine the effect of eight weeks resistance training with vitamin D consumption on Interleukin 10 & 15 in overweight women. Materials and methods: In semi an experimental study carried out by pre-test and post-test, 60 overweight women aging between 20 to 35 were selected in 4 groups: resistance training, vitamin D consumption, resistance training with vitamin D consumption and placebo. Subject Blood sampling was collected in pre- test and post- test phases after 8 weeks of training. The training protocol consisted of 8 weeks of resistance training, which was held three sessions per week. Participants in two groups of daily vitamin intake consumed 1 unit of vitamin D in capsules (at night and before going to bed). Participants in the placebo group also received a placebo from lactose. Data were analyzed by the analysis of variance with repeated measures (p < 0.05). Findings: Resistance training and resistance training along with vitamin D significantly reduced interleukin-6 and increased interleukin-15 in overweight women. Other results showed a greater effect of resistance training with vitamin D compared to the resistance training alone in reducing interleukin-6 and increasing interleukin-15 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that overweight and obese women using vitamin D combined with resistance training may be able to prevent the inflammatory stress caused by moderate exercise and its aftermath. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
302 - The effect of four weeks of intense interval training (HIT) on some aerobic and anaerobic indicators of the women of the Iranian national basketball team.
Hossein Pirani Omidreza Salehi Maryam KiansabIntroduction: Intense interval training (HIT) is an effective approach to improve performance in the short term, the effect of this method of training on physiological functional adaptations in elite athletes is still unclear, so the present study was conducted with the MoreIntroduction: Intense interval training (HIT) is an effective approach to improve performance in the short term, the effect of this method of training on physiological functional adaptations in elite athletes is still unclear, so the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of four weeks of HIT on some functional and physiological variables. Methods: For this purpose, 14 volunteer players of the Iranian women's national basketball team (with an average age of 23.0 ± 3.24 years, weight 63.6 ± 8.50 kg, and body mass index = 21.8 ± 3.15 kg/m2) were selected and randomly divided into two experimental (n=7) and control (n=7) groups. Before and after the exercises, the subjects performed 1 incremental test with breath gas analysis to determine some physiological variables and a Wingate test to determine maximum power (PPO) and average power (MPO). Both groups followed the same basketball training program for four weeks while the experimental group performed the anaerobic sprint protocol (RAST) as a HIT protocol twice a week along with the basketball training program.Results The results of the ANCOVA test showed that the experimental group had a significant increase in VO2max (p=0.001), vLT (p=0.011), VO2max (p=0.001) and maximum oxygen pulse (p=0.001). Implementation of HIT also caused a significant increase in maximum power (p = 0.03) and average power (p = 0.02). Conclusions: The present findings showed that the intense interval training program with short rest periods can increase aerobic and anaerobic performance in the short term. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
303 - The Comparison of Two Lyrical Works: Jalis Al-Mushtaq and Basatin Al-Ons
fatemeh rostami Alireza ghojezade ashraf cheginiJalis al-Mushtaq is a romantic poetry written in 870 AH by an unknown poet called "Ali" during the reign of Amir Shirvan Shah Farrokh Yasar (869-907 AH). This work is a translation of the poems of Basatin ol-Ons by Akhsatan Dehlavi (726 AH), secretary and writer during MoreJalis al-Mushtaq is a romantic poetry written in 870 AH by an unknown poet called "Ali" during the reign of Amir Shirvan Shah Farrokh Yasar (869-907 AH). This work is a translation of the poems of Basatin ol-Ons by Akhsatan Dehlavi (726 AH), secretary and writer during the period of Sultan Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq and Muhammad Shah Tughluq. Based on the manuscript of Riyahin al-Qulub, which is a translation of Golestan, a poet named Amir Sayyed Ali Hosseini (living in 860 AH) presented it to Sultan Khalil Shirvanshah (820-868 AH) and from the evidence in this work, it seems that the composer of Jalis al-Mushtaq is Sayed Ali Hosseini. This poem tells the love story of Kishvargosha, the son of Shah Batihan (Indian) with Malekara (daughter of the king of China) and at the same time, connected stories are also narrated in it. Considering the common background of these two works, differences and commonalities can be seen in their storytelling, combinations, characters and scenes, that the poet of Jalis al-Mushtaq has used the terms of music, astronomy and natural elements in his description and with simple language against the complex language of Basatin al-Ons has followed Shahnameh’s meter. The research on these two works indicates the influence of Persian and Iranian culture in the subcontinent and also the influence of these two cultures on each other. In this essay, the differences and commonalities of these two works have been examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
304 - Analyzing the efficiency of managers by using Kano Model: Case Study of Education and Training Department Managers-Tehran Region 1
S. Azizi M. Shafiey Roudposhti -
Open Access Article
305 - Relationship between Intrapersonal Intelligence of Iranian EFL University Male and Female Learners and Their Grammar Ability
Nasrin Garavand Akbar Azizifar Habib Gowhary Shahram Welidi -
Open Access Article
306 - Reflection of Var Ritual in Balouch Tribe Historical Stories ;Case Study of Malek Shah and Allahi
Mohammad Masih Hashemi Nia Fteme Janahmadi Halime Mirkazehi nezhadRituals and customs are the basic elements of culture and a way to know the ideology of people. The more variable rituals and customs of a nation are, the more that nation’s culture is varied and expanded. In the current situation of the world where identity crisi MoreRituals and customs are the basic elements of culture and a way to know the ideology of people. The more variable rituals and customs of a nation are, the more that nation’s culture is varied and expanded. In the current situation of the world where identity crisis is an issue, returning to traditional rituals and customs is one of the methods of preserving cultural identity. Balouch tribe is one of the original tribes of Iran, preserving its language, culture, and rituals. One of the rituals of the tribe is called Nal or Var, which is mentioned in many Balouchi stories too. One of these stories is Shahdad and Mahnaz in which the ritual is performed. To do this study, we interviewed some Balouch people in different regions. It is noticeable that despite religious awareness increase of people, it is still performed in different regions and in cases of theft, magic, and betrayal where there exists no proof to prove the convict’s sinfulness or innocence. A noticeable case of the ritual occurred for Malek Shah and Allahi, in 1871. There are numerous cases of the ritual but only some of them will be mentioned here. This study efforts to find out in which cases and accusations the ritual occurred more. The answer is that the Nal ritual was performed more for accusations of theft, magic and betrayal especially for theft. This study is based on an analytic-descriptive and field-research methodology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
307 - Studying and investigating the effects of Iqta in the Seljuk period with a special look at military Iqta
Nosratollah Taherklani Koorosh Fathi Boshra delrish Ali ZakeriDuring the Seljuq period, there were various types of tribal EQTA, civil EQTA, military EQTA, civil and courtier EQTA, and personal EQTA. In the civil EQTA, although the clans could achieve a lot of economic power, but due to many reasons, including limited land allocat MoreDuring the Seljuq period, there were various types of tribal EQTA, civil EQTA, military EQTA, civil and courtier EQTA, and personal EQTA. In the civil EQTA, although the clans could achieve a lot of economic power, but due to many reasons, including limited land allocation, lack of settlement Constantly in EQTA, the inability to produce structures similar and parallel to the central government, they could not directly confront the government, but the granting of military EQTA, although at the beginning of this period and during the era of sultans such as Aleb Arslan and Malik Shah, led to the success of the Seljuks and the maintenance of its loyalties. became the central government, but it gradually caused the economic and political power of the emirs of the period and after that the desire to increase and develop political power in them and caused the military and political weakness of the central government. The emirs of the period went to the point where they started to rebel and disobey the authority of the sultanate. In the wars of succession between the Seljuk kingdoms, on the surface, they used their military power to support the kingdoms claiming the monarchy, but in secret, in order to dominate the structure of the monarchy and guide and lead the affairs related to the monarchy, they not only dethroned the desired kingdoms and deposed the other. They even went as far as killing the sultans and caused the collapse of the Seljuk dynasty Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
308 - Critique of the lineage and titles of Malek Mahmoud Kiani Sistani
Naser Chari Feizollah Boushasb Gousheh Mohammad karim Yousef Jamali Soheila Torabi FarsaniMalek Mahmoud Sistani (Kiani) is one of the princes of Sistan who reached Mashhad in 1135 AH/ 1722 AD following the domination of Mahmoud Qaljaei over Isfahan. In order to gain legitimacy, he traces the roots of his family to the Saffarid dynasty and through them to the MoreMalek Mahmoud Sistani (Kiani) is one of the princes of Sistan who reached Mashhad in 1135 AH/ 1722 AD following the domination of Mahmoud Qaljaei over Isfahan. In order to gain legitimacy, he traces the roots of his family to the Saffarid dynasty and through them to the Sassanids, and then to the ancient and mythical Kianians through their lineage; A claim that was almost accepted at that time. The present study is dedicated to criticizing the authenticity of this claim and also determining the date of application of the title “property” to this family. The research question is presented as follows: what were the factors and reasons for attributing King Mahmoud Sistani to the Sassanids and Kianians? In response, the hypothesis was stated that the mythical or historical roots of the presence of the Kiani kings and the heroes of the Shahnameh in the Sistan region, and the existence of historical sources in confirmation of this issue, have given rise to such an idea. The research findings, which are based on the description and analysis of data and the application of historical research methods, indicate that the genealogy of this family has been supported and sometimes questioned by various historical sources over the years. Paying attention to the non-attribution of the Sassanids to the Kianians based on post-Saffavid sources makes it clear that this claim can be discussed until attributed to the Sassanids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
309 - A comparative study of female activism in Khosrow and Shirin and the Balochi poems of Haani and Shaymorid
Mohammadreyaz Raeisi Shirin and Haani in the poems of Khosrow and Shirin Nizami and the Balochi poems of Haani and Shaimrid have many similarities. Both characters are in a male-controlled space and firstly, men treat them as a thing (object). In the beginning, Khosrow and Chaakar try More Shirin and Haani in the poems of Khosrow and Shirin Nizami and the Balochi poems of Haani and Shaimrid have many similarities. Both characters are in a male-controlled space and firstly, men treat them as a thing (object). In the beginning, Khosrow and Chaakar try to capture Shirin and Haani as an object. The present research compares the characters of Shirin and Haani and their female activism and activity with a descriptive-analytical method and answers these questions: Are Shirin and Haani agents in these two stories? How do they achieve female activism in a patriarchal context? The results of this research show that Shirin and Haani are not passive, but have action. The female intervention of Shirin and Haani in these two stories finally overcomes the patriarchal approach. In encountering the patriarchal discourse, they are finally promoted to the position of subjectivity with the agency. Shirin does not remain passive in the face of Khosrow and Shaapur's demands, and after a while, she overcomes their masculinity and wins over Khosrow with her activism. Haani is not passive against male hegemony and overcomes the patriarchal view of Chaakar and Shaimorid; finally, with his activism, she releases the chaakar and acquires Shaimorid. In this way, Shirin and Haani not only free themselves from the control of male hegemonic discourse by presenting a female counter-discourse but also they elevate the character of Khosrow and Shaimorid at the end. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
310 - The effect of general and local fatigue on the simple hammer service of disabled male volleyball players in Alborz provinc
shamci allami mehmandoustiAbstract The purpose of this study was investigating the effect of general fatigue and local fatigue on the simple hammering serve of disabled male volleyball players in Alborz province. Thus, 12 disabled male players were used in volleyball field. The subjects particip MoreAbstract The purpose of this study was investigating the effect of general fatigue and local fatigue on the simple hammering serve of disabled male volleyball players in Alborz province. Thus, 12 disabled male players were used in volleyball field. The subjects participated in this study with their own satisfaction, while enjoying the best simple hammering serve stroke techniques. At first, each subject made 5 simple hammering serves in the pre-test stage and performed 5 simple hammering serves after the implementation of general and local fatigue protocols. The general fatigue protocol included a simulated station that the person performed without resting until getting tired, and in the local fatigue protocol, only the elbow opening muscles group were practiced.in each protocol, a Borg effort test (10 points) was used to measure fatigue. For statistical analysis, analysis of variance measurement was used. The result showed that local fatigue on simple hammered serves disabled player had a significant effect on alpha level 0.05 and general fatigue had no effect on the simple hammering of the disable volleyball player and there was no relation between the two general and local fatigue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
311 - Obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls
اکرم اصفهانی نیا shadmehr mirdar harijaniThe purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls in Aliabad Katoul city. The research method of this research is descriptive and inferential which has been conducted i MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls in Aliabad Katoul city. The research method of this research is descriptive and inferential which has been conducted in the field. The population of the study includes 1816 girl students aged 12 to 14 years which 316 students were selected as a sample based on Udinsky table. To estimate the maximum oxygen consumption, a 20-meter shuttle run test was used, Body Mass Index was used to calculate obesity and overweight and subcutaneous fat thickness was used to calculate body fat percentage. Subcutaneous fat thickness was measured at three points in the triceps, calf, and subscapular by a Harponden caliper. Pearson correlation method was used to investigate the relationship between obesity and overweight with cardiorespiratory fitness.Findings showed that the percentage of body fat in adolescent girls’ students increased with age. The findings also showed a decrease in cardiorespiratory fitness of girls’ students with age. According to the results of the study, it is suggested that families, physical education teachers and education officials in schools to include regular activities to improve the respiratory fitness and reduce fatness and overweight of students in their program. In addition, programs increase parents 'awareness about their children's physical condition, solve the problems of overweight and obesity, and improve students' cardiorespiratory fitness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
312 - The role of female directors of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and its effect on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and earnings management
mohamadreza hoseinimasoom ali taghavi moghadamThe issue of women's economic presence and the role-playing of this group in the field of issues has been one of the topics of discussion in society. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of women in the board of directors of member companies of the MoreThe issue of women's economic presence and the role-playing of this group in the field of issues has been one of the topics of discussion in society. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of women in the board of directors of member companies of the Tehran Stock Exchange and its effect on the relationship between social responsibility and earnings management in these companies. In this study, information about 131 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2010 to 2019 has been collected. Social responsibility is measured by examining the dimensions of social participation, employee relationships, environmental performance, and product characteristics. The results of hypothesis testing show that there is a negative and significant relationship between social responsibility and earnings management. But there is no significant relationship between the presence of women in the board of directors and earnings management. Also, the presence of women in the board of directors does not have a significant effect on the relationship between social responsibility and earnings management. The overall results of the study indicate that although corporate social responsibility has reduced earnings management but in companies where the presence of women on the board is more prominent, there is no less earnings management. On the other hand, given that there are few women on the board of directors of companies their presence has not been able to have a significant effect on the relationship between social responsibility and earnings management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
313 - Comparative Critical Gender Analysis in Iranian News Papers between Persian and English Art and Culture Sections
Hossein Shokri -
Open Access Article
314 - Quranic and Hadithic Intertextuality in the 9th Ode of Adibol-Mamalek Farahani
hamidreza jadidiIntertextuality is a way of criticism in literary explains that no context is original and pure; but every context is a reflection of previous ones. Bakhtin, Julia Kristeva and Gérard Genette are great researchers who worked on interconnection between related wor MoreIntertextuality is a way of criticism in literary explains that no context is original and pure; but every context is a reflection of previous ones. Bakhtin, Julia Kristeva and Gérard Genette are great researchers who worked on interconnection between related works of literature. Genette divides intertextuality into three large categories: implicit or explicit; covert or overt; hidden or open. The Holy Quran is the most effective book to create Farsi texts and many poets were influenced by it and by Infallibles’ narratives. About ritual literature, obviously, the results should be clear in order to approach a deeper understanding of poems. Adib al-Mamalek Farahani, the remarkable poet of Constitutional Time, who was quietly familiar with Arabic literature, Quran and Infallibles’ narratives, used these sources especially in his political and social poets. He had poetical picture of Quranic contents sometimes; and offered new examples of misreading. In this article, by analytical-descriptive method and by looking at Gérard Genette’s criticism method, writer tried to summarily express rhymes of Adib al-Mamalek’s ninth ode, inspired by Intertextuality. These rhymes show his complete ability to comprehend Quran’s characters and words, and Infallibles’ narratives; mostly gained explicit way for better stimulus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
315 - The Effect of Internet Use on Social Skills of Elementary Students
Ebrahim Mohammadjani Maryam SafarnavadehThe present research aimed to investigate the effect of the internet use on social skills of elementary school students. This study was based on semi-empirical, with pre-test and post-test method and control group. The statistical society was the total population of pri MoreThe present research aimed to investigate the effect of the internet use on social skills of elementary school students. This study was based on semi-empirical, with pre-test and post-test method and control group. The statistical society was the total population of primary school male children in the sixth grade of Sarchehan Area including 185 people in the academic year 2013-2014. Using random cluster sampling method, a number of 120 cases were selected as sample. The measurement tool was a researcher-made questionnaire designed for social skills of the sixth grade elementary school students. Reliability of the test was 0.87 based on Cronbach alpha. Validity of the tool was confirmed by five psychology and education experts as well as applying 20 teachers and principals' opinions. The collected data were analyzed using t test and SPSS software. The results confirmed the main hypothesis that the internet use increased social skills of students. Moreover, the results revealed that internet use enhanced skills of respect for others, responsibility, friend making and group activities participation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
316 - Synthesis of 5-amino-1-aryl-4-cyanoimidazoles from formamidines under solvent-free condition
Asieh Yahyazadeh Farhad Shirini Fatamah Tavakoli -
Open Access Article
317 - Silica sulfuric acid as an efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of formamidines from the diaminomaleonitrile
Asieh Yahyazadeh Sara Hadesinea Mohammad Saeed Daneshmandi -
Open Access Article
318 - .The digital city and the increasing tendency of women to virtual marriage
BATOOL Hasani Sadi Mansour . Haghighatian. Esmaeil Jahanbakhsh.This study aimed to analyze the impact of the digital city on women's willingness to find a marriage partner through the virtual space in the city of Kerman. 16 female users were selected through a theoretical and purposeful sampling technique. The data collectio More.This study aimed to analyze the impact of the digital city on women's willingness to find a marriage partner through the virtual space in the city of Kerman. 16 female users were selected through a theoretical and purposeful sampling technique. The data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews and MAX Q DA software version 12 was used to process the data. The findings showed that a significant number of users in the virtual marriage sites were married women who used the anonymity of virtual space to their own advantage. After combining, integrating and comparing concepts, Five common categories were found among married and single female users (chat addiction, having limited experience, evading of face-to-face dating, sex as entertaiment). There were also two specific categories of married female users (disguise of marital status and and low satisfaction with marriage) and two specific categories of single female users (sense of freedom and chat as a cure for loneliness). Based on story line by participants, a core category entitled “chat as a resistance shelter of urban momen” was revealed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
319 - .Body management and the acquisition of modern identity in female citizens, using Grounded Theory approach (Case of study: Gorgani women)
Mahbobeh Ilvari. Afsaneh Edrisi.The purpose of this study was to understand the place of media and social networks in the conceptual model of women's body management and the acquisition of modern identity. The research was conducted using qualitative approach, grounded theory method and the paradigma More.The purpose of this study was to understand the place of media and social networks in the conceptual model of women's body management and the acquisition of modern identity. The research was conducted using qualitative approach, grounded theory method and the paradigmatic model. Data analysis was performed using the continuous comparative method of Strauss and Corbin. Unstructured, in-depth interviews were conducted individually, and the duration of each interview session was between 1-2 hours. 15 interviews were conducted. 67 concepts were formed and 21 categories were created. Interviewees were selected via a snowball sampling method. In this study, triangulation validity was used. The results showed that the modern identity was acquired through exclusion of the adult woman, psychological and mental preoccupations, and compliance with social demands. Factors affecting the acquisition of modern identity were identified as body-dysmorphic-disorder, the desire to reach the era of beauty and dreaming of the ideal body. Advancement of technology, people's encouragement and public acceptance were the intervening conditions and the acquisition of modern identity lead to imitating of media and reference groups and a search for beauty surgeons and hair stylits. The consequences of such actions and responses are addiction and dependency to makeup, showing the vertical mobility of social classes, showing good taste and creativity to others, and the spreading of a culture of consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
320 - Review of the book I am alive from the perspective of structuralism
Kowsar Danesh Abdolhoseyn Farzad Ahmad Khatami The collection of my memoirs, I am alive, is a completely feminine work with emotional, meaningful, meaningful and healthy prose. The book has a respectful tone, rhythm, smooth ex More The collection of my memoirs, I am alive, is a completely feminine work with emotional, meaningful, meaningful and healthy prose. The book has a respectful tone, rhythm, smooth expression, clear sentences, clarity of language and an attractive and readable finish. The extensive use of verbal and spiritual arrays, original sensations, appropriate hints and assurances, good suspension, observance of similes and eloquent expressions, have made the book readable and pleasant. The present research has investigated this precious work by descriptive-analytical method and from the perspective of structuralism. . "I am alive" is the starting point of the female narrative in the works of captivity and it is derived from the model of patience and perseverance of Hazrat Zainab (PBUH). The language and prose of the story combined with other elements such as plot, time, accurate and calculated characterization, suspense and expectation, all express the author's skill in story writing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
321 - Investigating the lexical layer style of Qari Abdullah's lyrics based on layered stylistics
Shafighollah Shafaghat |Gholamreza Mastali ParsaLayered stylistics is one of the new approach of stylistics, through which we can analyze literary texts by using intra-textual way, and based on constructive layers like(phonetical, lexical, syntactic, rhetorical and intellectual). Among other types, layered stylistics MoreLayered stylistics is one of the new approach of stylistics, through which we can analyze literary texts by using intra-textual way, and based on constructive layers like(phonetical, lexical, syntactic, rhetorical and intellectual). Among other types, layered stylistics is one of the most precise method in explaining literary works throug the use of which we can from one side realize important lingual characteristics and from other side glanced to the the ruling thought of the literary work. In this article, has been struggled to examine the stylistic features of the Ghazals of Qari Abdullah in the lexical layer with a (descriptive-analytical) approach. After examination and accuracy, the results of the research show that the frequency of abstract words, codes related to ruins and tariqat, general words and additional combinations was high in Qari's poems; Also, the use of slang words and idioms is another matter that has characterized the poet's style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
322 - عملکرد، رفتارهای تغذیهای و پاسخهای فیزیولوژیکی گوسالههای نر جوان هلشتاین به مکمل کروم متیونین در جیره وابسته به سن و وزن است
م. یاری م. بهاریفرد ع. علیزاده ماسوله ا. موساییهدف از این آزمایش بررسی اثر استفاده از مکمل کروم-متیونین بر عملکرد رشد، رفتارهای تغذیهای و پاسخهای فیزیولوژی گوسالههای نر هلشتاین در دو فاز مختلف از وزن بود. تعداد 26 رأس گوساله نر جوان با میانگین وزن اولیه (83/9±5/153 کیلوگرم) به طور تصادفی به دو گروه 13 رأسی Moreهدف از این آزمایش بررسی اثر استفاده از مکمل کروم-متیونین بر عملکرد رشد، رفتارهای تغذیهای و پاسخهای فیزیولوژی گوسالههای نر هلشتاین در دو فاز مختلف از وزن بود. تعداد 26 رأس گوساله نر جوان با میانگین وزن اولیه (83/9±5/153 کیلوگرم) به طور تصادفی به دو گروه 13 رأسی و دو جیره آزمایشی 1) شاهد و 2) اضافه کردن کروم-متیونین (1/1 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک جیره) اختصاص داده شدند. هر دوره از یک هفته سازگاری به جایگاه، سه هفته سازگاری به جیره و یک هفته نمونهگیری تشکیل شده بود. بعد از پایان دوره اول گوسالهها به مدت شش هفته از جیره پایه استفاده کردند و بعد در آغاز دوره دوم آزمایش (15/12±1/240 کیلوگرم)، جیرههای آزمایشی بین دو گروه جابجا شد. در دوره اول آزمایش گوسالههای مصرفکننده مکمل کروم-متیونین مصرف ماده خشک و وزن روزانه و دمای رکتوم کمتر ولی متابولیتهای خون، مشابه در مقایسه با گروه شاهد داشتند (05/0>P). در فاز دوم آزمایش، گوسالههای مصرفکننده مکمل کروم متیونین مصرف ماده خشک، افزایش وزن روزانه، وزن نهایی و زمان ایستادن بیشتری داشتند (05/0>P) ولی دارای غلظت گلوکز خون، دمای رکتوم و زمان استراحت کمتری در مقایسه با گروه شاهد بودند (05/0>P). نتایج نشان داد که تغذیه 1/1 میلیگرم مکمل کروم-متیونین در کیلوگرم ماده خشک جیره در گوسالههای نر جوان هلشتاین بر عملکرد رشد، رفتارهای تغذیهای و پاسخهای فیزیولوژیکی وابسته به سن و وزن آنها بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
323 - تأثیر بنتونیت سدیم بر فراسنجههای خونی، قابلیت هضم خوراک و فراسنجههای تخمیری شکمبه گوسفندان نر بلوچی تغذیه شده با جیره آلوده به دیازینون
م.ه. اعظمی ع.م. طهماسبی و. فروهر ع.ع. ناصریانبه علت استفاده بیش از حد آفتکش­ها به منظور تأمین تقاضای بالای خوراک، بقایای آنها در خوراک دام­ها زیاد شده است. یافتن راهبردی جدید جهت کاهش آثار مضر آفتکش­ها کاملاً ضروری به نظر می­رسد. بنابراین وارسی آثار بنتونیت سدیم بر فراسنجه­های خونی، قابلیت هض Moreبه علت استفاده بیش از حد آفتکش­ها به منظور تأمین تقاضای بالای خوراک، بقایای آنها در خوراک دام­ها زیاد شده است. یافتن راهبردی جدید جهت کاهش آثار مضر آفتکش­ها کاملاً ضروری به نظر می­رسد. بنابراین وارسی آثار بنتونیت سدیم بر فراسنجه­های خونی، قابلیت هضم خوراک و فراسنجه­های تخمیری شکمبه در گوسفندان تغذیه شده با خوراک آلوده به دیازینون (آفتکش ارگانوفسفره) هدف این مطالعه بود. 8 گوسفند نر بلوچی (2±40 کیلوگرم) به یک طرح آزمایشی فاکتوریل 2 × 2 با چهار دوره 21 روزه، اختصاص داده شدند. تیمارها شامل: جیره شاهد، جیره شاهد به همراه 4 درصد بنتونیت سدیم، جیره شاهد به همراه 21 ppm آفتکش دیازینون و جیره شاهد به همراه 4 درصد بنتونیت سدیم و 21 ppm آفتکش دیازینون بودند. قابلیت هضم ماده خشک، پروتئین خام، NDF و ADF تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت (05/0>P). بنتونیت سدیم نوسانات اسیدیته شکمبه را پس از مصرف خوراک کاهش داد. سطح نیتروژن آمونیاکی شکمبه تیمارهای مختلف قبل از خوراکدهی مشابه بود اما 3 و 6 ساعت پس از مصرف خوراک سطح نیتروژن آمونیاکی به طور معنیداری در گروهی که خوراک آلوده به دیازینون مصرف کردند بیشتر بود (05/0>P). هموگلوبین، شمار سلول­های سفید و هماتوکریت تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفتند اما شمار گلبول­های قرمز و فعالیت آنزیم استیل کولین استراز به طور معنیداری در جیره­های حاوی آفتکش کاسته شد (05/0>P). نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که استفاده از سدیم بنتونیت به عنوان یک جاذب برای کاهش اثرات منفی دیازینون بر نوسانات اسیدیته و فعالیت آنزیم استیل کولین استراز مؤثر است. علاوه بر این اثری بر هموگلوبین، شمار گلبول­های سفید، هماتوکریت و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی خوراک ندارد. بنابراین بنتونیت سدیم می­تواند به عنوان یک جاذب مؤثر دیازینون در جیره گوسفندان استفاده شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
324 - عملکرد رشد و کیفیت لاشه خروسهای تیپ تخمگذار و جوجههای گوشتی
پ.اچ.ج.جی. دسیلوا ی.م. ویکراماسینق د.سی.آ. کالوبوویلاهدف از این مطالعه مقایسه عملکرد رشد و کیفیت لاشه خروس­های تیپ تخمگذار و جوجه­های گوشتی پرورش داده شده در شرایط یکسان بوده است. 180 جوجه یکروزه نر گوشتی (BM)، ماده گوشتی (BF) و نر تخمگذار قهوه­ای در 9 قفس بر مبنای یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار و 20 پرنده ب Moreهدف از این مطالعه مقایسه عملکرد رشد و کیفیت لاشه خروس­های تیپ تخمگذار و جوجه­های گوشتی پرورش داده شده در شرایط یکسان بوده است. 180 جوجه یکروزه نر گوشتی (BM)، ماده گوشتی (BF) و نر تخمگذار قهوه­ای در 9 قفس بر مبنای یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار و 20 پرنده به ازای هر واحد آزمایشی در نظر گرفته شد. وزن بدن و مصرف خوراک هفتگی ثبت گردید. افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک (FCR) محاسبه گردیدند. صفات کیفیت لاشه در هفته­های 4، 6، 8، 12 و 16 تعیین گردیدند. اثر FCR ژنوتیپ بر وزن بدن و مصرف خوراک معنی­دار بود (05/0>P). BM و BF در مقایسه با LM مصرف خوراک بالاتر و ضریب تبدیل بهتری برای همه مراحل رشد نشان دادند (05/0>P). LM در مقایسه با BM و BF درصد خون، پر، پا، سر و اندام­های داخلی بالاتری داشتند (05/0>P). BM و BF مقادیر معنی­دار بالاتری برای درصد پوشش بدن داشتند (05/0>P). LM دارای پایین­ترین مقدار چربی زیر جلدی در گردن، چربی زیر جلدی در ران و چربی بطنی علی­رغم سنین کشتار بودند (05/0>P). ژنوتیپ تأثیر معنی­داری بر رنگ عضلات اصلی سینه­ای و دو سر ران داشت. در سن کشتار 8 هفتگی، LM بالاترین L* را برای هر دو ماهیچه ثبت کرده است (05/0>P). BM و BF در مقایسه با LM به شکل معنی­داری مولفه­های a* بالاتر برای عضله اصلی سینه­ای داشتند (05/0>P). علاوه بر این، LM کمترین مقدار فشار برشی را نشان داد (05/0>P). این نتایج نشان می­دهند که نرهای تخمگذار به عنوان یک سامانه جایگزین تولید گوشت از جنبه خصوصیات لاشه و گوشت مورد قبول واقع می­گردند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
325 - Effect of the Level Freshwater Snail Flesh (Pomacea paludosa) Soaked in Biochar in Feed on the Performance and Digestives Tract of Male Alabio Ducks (Anas Plathyrhyncos Borneo)
S. Dharmawati H. Hartutik O. Sjofjan M.H. Natsir -
Open Access Article
326 - The “Male Effect” Onestrous Synchronization and Reproductive Characteristics of Female Markhoz Goat during the Breeding Season
م.م. معینی و. محمدی چپدره م. سوری -
Open Access Article
327 - “Moral Advices of Rulers in Bahar’s Poems”
Seyed Ahmad Hosseini Kazerooni GHOLAMHOSSEIN MollaeiFor Iranians, Poetry is so important that most of rulers have used poetry as a tool for their aims. However, at the start of parliamentary movement, the poets’ view towards rulers and social issues changed. Malek Al Shooaraye Bahar is the most prominent literal &n MoreFor Iranians, Poetry is so important that most of rulers have used poetry as a tool for their aims. However, at the start of parliamentary movement, the poets’ view towards rulers and social issues changed. Malek Al Shooaraye Bahar is the most prominent literal – Political figure and the best example of this evolution- His poem is brimful of moral and didactic tips such as justice, Forgiveness, devotion and so on which has been written to awaken rulers from ignorance. These teaching advices cover the various aspects of governorship due to their variety. This poet has focused on justice based on Islamic culture. He introduced it as prosperity of the two worlds. While spiritual values and human perfection are not obtained in tyranny, we must seek the Bahar’s didactic advices in Islamic teaching as well as in the history of ancient Iran which is accompanied by his insight, sympathy, bravery and art. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
328 - Anatomical and histological study of male reproductive system in guinea fowl: Testis, Epididymis, Ductus deferens
Jalil Pourhaji Motab abbas alaee novin Mohsen Sheikh Olia Lavasani Sayyed Rashid HashemiGuinea fowls are considered of pheasant birds. Since anatomical and histological differences were reported in the male reproductive system, and there is no anatomical and histological research performed on reproductive system of guinea fowl, this study was performed on MoreGuinea fowls are considered of pheasant birds. Since anatomical and histological differences were reported in the male reproductive system, and there is no anatomical and histological research performed on reproductive system of guinea fowl, this study was performed on the male reproductive system of guinea fowl in Sexual and non-sexual period. For this research 10 male guinea fowl were selected and reproductive system were anatomically studied. Then tissue samples were taken, and stained by Haematoxylin and Eosin. Anatomical and histological results were similar to other birds. Anatomical results showed the left testis was larger than the right testis, and in the sexual period it was almost twice than the non-sexual period. Epididymis was an elliptical disk shape and there was no head, body, and tail. Epididymis there was in the mediodorsal of the testis. Ductus deferens was also seen as a zigzag duct. In the histological study, there was no Mediastinum testis. Straight tubules was after seminiferous tubules and connected to rete testis, and this epithelium was Simple cuboidal epithelium or squamous epithelium. Sertoli cells with a big nucleus and euchoromatin extending to the epithelium depth, and leydig cells was spherical shape and there was in between seminiferous tubules. Epithelium of ductus deferens was similar to epididymis, but there was no epithelial gland in it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
329 - Analysis of the Effectiveness of Women''''s Role in Different Dimensions of Sustainable Security in Rural Community, Case Study: Tabriz''''s Bagh Maroof of 24,000 People
Sakineh Dehghan Ali Akbar Taghilo Rashid Saeed AbadiThere are different approaches to security. One of them is the social approach. The role of women is very important in this approach. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to find out what the role of women is in creating sustainable social security in the 24,000 Vi MoreThere are different approaches to security. One of them is the social approach. The role of women is very important in this approach. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to find out what the role of women is in creating sustainable social security in the 24,000 Village- Bagh Maroof-. One of the most problematic villages in East Azerbaijan is The Bagh Maroof village and therefore the study of its security is of great importance. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical and women over 20 years are the statistical population. The sampling method is random and the sample size is selected by Cochran formula 353 persons. In this study, the data collection tool was a questionnaire. Structural model and Chi-square test are two methods of data analysis. From the results, in addition to reinforcing the theoretical foundations of the research, we can find the effective variables of creating a sense of security through women in the village with a chi-square statistic of 72.96 and the creation of a secure social environment by women in the Bagh Maroof rural community of 44.91 whit a significant level of Zero noted that it had the most and strongest direct relationship with other components of village security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
330 - Analysis of Factors Influencing Food Security Status of Female Headed Farm Households in Abia State, Nigeria
Kelechi Osondu -
Open Access Article
331 - Effective Factors Promoting Work Culture for Female Headed Women
Vahid Aghasi Bourujeni Azar Gholizadeh Akbar EtebariyanDue to rapid changes in the world this century, social development as one of the achievements of cultural change society in various fields such as industry, economy, etc. and women as part of a community can have an important role in employment In a community. The purpo MoreDue to rapid changes in the world this century, social development as one of the achievements of cultural change society in various fields such as industry, economy, etc. and women as part of a community can have an important role in employment In a community. The purpose of this research is Designing Structural-Interpretative Structural Analysis (ISM) of Factors Promotion of work culture for women headed by households. The statistical population of the study consisted of 12 cultural management specialists selected from among Associate Professors through homogeneous sampling. The method of this research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative section, the most relevant research on the topic of work culture was first selected based on the CASP method. Based on the high score in the selected research, 18 factors influencing the promotion of the work culture of unmarried women were identified in 5 sub-components And analyzed by Delphi. Then, in the quantitative section, the indexes were encoded and, based on the interactive matrix, distributed among the participants (12 elite) of the research, and a constraint matrix designing a structural-interpretation model was designed. The results of this study showed that the designed model consists of 11 levels which is the most important and most influential factor of working culture for abandoned women, reforming labor law as an index of the sub-component of cultural norms, and the least effective indicator on promotion of work culture, awareness of The title is one of the indicators of the sub-component of the media doctrine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
332 - The relationship between social Factors and modernization in secondary school students of Shooshtar city
عبدالرضا هاشمی ashraf LashkariporAbstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the social factors associated with the degree of modernization in high school girl students in Shoushtar. To do this, among the statistical population of 3158 people, 342 people were selected randomly and completed t MoreAbstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the social factors associated with the degree of modernization in high school girl students in Shoushtar. To do this, among the statistical population of 3158 people, 342 people were selected randomly and completed the research questionnaire. The main tool of collecting the research was a questionnaire with 58 items including general subscales, socioeconomic status, religious beliefs and the use of virtual media, whose validity and reliability were verified. Sampling was carried out in collaboration with Shoushtar School of Education through random sampling of schools. At presence of researcher in-house, questionnaires were distributed and completed after completion. Data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed by Pearson correlation and stepwise regression using SPSS software at a significant level of 0.05. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the socio-economic status of the family (P = 0.016), adherence to religious beliefs (P = 0.001) and ethnicity (P = 0/032) and students tendency to modernity. However, there was no significant relationship between the rate of media use (P = 0.151), and students tendency to modernity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
333 - Factors that influence gender identity formation martyr Chamran University
علی حسین حسین زاده عبدالرضا نواح هدا ساکیThis article aims to examine the factors that influence gender identity formation martyr Chamran University is Theoretical framework to explain the problem from the perspective of sociology of gender identity and assumptions used were extracted. The time this study was MoreThis article aims to examine the factors that influence gender identity formation martyr Chamran University is Theoretical framework to explain the problem from the perspective of sociology of gender identity and assumptions used were extracted. The time this study was conducted in 1391-1392. Research results show that all independent variables have a significant relationship with the dependent variable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
334 - A comparative study of the attitudes of secondary school teachers and teachers' Hoze Elmye men to participate in family planning and social factors associated with it (case study: Shiraz)
حلیمه عنایت .. مسیحی کوشکساریOne of the most important issues in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is population increase regarding the increase in world’s hygiene level. Today, this increase has been controlled in the development countries while it is a fundamental issue in the developi MoreOne of the most important issues in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is population increase regarding the increase in world’s hygiene level. Today, this increase has been controlled in the development countries while it is a fundamental issue in the developing countries. The present study seeks to do a comparative investigation into the attitude of the male seminary and high school teachers toward family planning programs. This study used the survey method. It was done in Shiraz, Iran and the instrument was questionnaires. The sample consisted of 485 participants, 325 of which were high school teachers and 160 seminary teachers. The theoretical framework used in this study is a combination of exchange theory and Parsons, Action Theory. The findings show that there is a relationship between respondent’s job and the three dimension of attitude. This indicates a significant difference between the attitudes of the two groups toward participation in family planning programs. Also, there is a significant relationship between attitude dimensions and income. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
335 - Factors Affecting Rural Facilitators’ Role: Iran
Farideh Azimi Mohammad Bagher KamaliThis study aimed to examine key factors affecting rural female facilitators’ role in participatory rural development in Tehran Province. Since the researchers intended to have a better insight into the facilitators’ role and employ inquiry as a learning foru MoreThis study aimed to examine key factors affecting rural female facilitators’ role in participatory rural development in Tehran Province. Since the researchers intended to have a better insight into the facilitators’ role and employ inquiry as a learning forum for bringing about changes for all participants, they preferred to use a case study based upon an appreciative inquiry method. The study divided the factors affecting the facilitators’ role into two main categories: driving factors and preventing factors. The former are: two-way communication, election of rural eligible facilitators, participation, sense of responsibility, and the latter are: cultural and tribal fanaticism, lack of permanent female extension workers and frequent management changes. Appreciative inquiry as a positive mode of action research could facilitate the process of education and communication for all stakeholders. We suggested that there should be a shift from the extension as a knowledge transfer to facilitation as people’s own knowledge creation. This study showed that appreciative inquiry could facilitate the process of change and gender-awareness. This research method could also facilitate mutual communication between the rural facilitators and extension workers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
336 - Family Income and Cash Flow of Rural Households in South East Nigeria: A Comparative and Gender – Based Analysis
Olajide O. Adeola W. DopplerThis study focused on the income generating capacity of farm family’s own resources and examined the vulnerability to financial risk among the remote and peri-urban farming systems of Imo state. Primary data was collected using the farming and rural systems approa MoreThis study focused on the income generating capacity of farm family’s own resources and examined the vulnerability to financial risk among the remote and peri-urban farming systems of Imo state. Primary data was collected using the farming and rural systems approach to randomly select and interview 120 households. Descriptive statistics and Mann whitney test were used in assessing between group differences while regression analysis was used to test the determinants of family income spread within the households. The results showed that the farming systems differed significantly in terms of rewards to resource use and efficiency. It also showed that remotely located households were more likely to be vulnerable to financial risks. A comparison of Male and Female Headed Households showed that the households had similar income generating potentials but with the cash flow analysis a safe conclusion may be reached that Female Headed Household were more financially unhealthy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
337 - Designing and validating the competency model of female
Nasser Mirspasi Harmat Asghari Ismail AsadiBackground and purpose: Increasing the presence of women in management positions can lead to good results, despite their lack of experience in management positions, it can create challenges for the organization. The purpose of this research is to design and validate the MoreBackground and purpose: Increasing the presence of women in management positions can lead to good results, despite their lack of experience in management positions, it can create challenges for the organization. The purpose of this research is to design and validate the key competencies of female managers in the General Directorate of Cooperation, Labor and Social Welfare of Tehran Province.Research method: The type of research was applied in terms of result and exploratory in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative phase included 5 executive and academic experts who were selected by purposeful sampling, and the statistical population in the model test phase included all female managers working in the General Directorate of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare of Tehran Province in the number of There were 100 people, based on simple random sampling, 80 people were selected as a sample using Cochran's formula. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by experts and the reliability of the questionnaire was also confirmed using Cronbach's alpha. The data was analyzed by SPSS and Smart PLS software.Findings: The findings showed that the competence model of female managers has four dimensions of knowledge and awareness, skill and ability, individual characteristics and values, and nine components of cognitive skill, female identity, protecting the rights of beneficiaries, belief in God, awareness It is intra-organizational, extra-organizational awareness, human and communication skills, technical and executive skills, and soft communication.Conclusion: Paying attention to the dimensions and components of competence of women managers can be one of the ways to improve the quality of their management in the country's organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
338 - Utilization of the Q-slope Empirical Classification System in Jointed Rock Slopes: A Case Study for Bonab-Malekan highway
Dariush Ahadi Ravoshti Leila Farjam Hajiagha -
Open Access Article
339 - Laboratory study to measure the swelling potential of fine-grained clay soils: A case study for Malekan city
Mehrdad Amiri Parisa Khosravi Dariush Ahadi Ravoshti -
Open Access Article
340 - The Role of Emotional Regulationin in Predicting Academic Depression in female high school During the corona virus
Azin HajiabbasiThe aim of this study was to investigate emotional regulation in predicting the rate of academic depression in female high school students During the corona virus. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population of the study consisted of MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate emotional regulation in predicting the rate of academic depression in female high school students During the corona virus. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population of the study consisted of all high school students in Tehran in 2021, Sampling method in this study was based on sampling according to the size of the population, stratified random sampling based on community share in each school that the sample size of 100 people was selected. Gross and John (2003) Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Bresso, Salanova and Scheffley (2007) Academic Depression Scale were also used to collect data. The research data were analyzed using a statistical package for social sciences version 22 at the descriptive and inferential levels. The results showed the role of emotion regulation in predicting academic depression in female high school students during the corona and according to the research findings, the independent variable of emotion regulation on the dependent variable of academic depression in female students during the corona It has an effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
341 - Study of association between UBE2B variants with susceptibility to Idiopatic infertility in North Iranian male population
elham siasi Mohamad sadegh safai Infertility is a major clinical problem that involved about 10 to 15 percent of couples worldwide. Male infertility include 40 to 50 percent of all infertility cases and 37-58% of male infertility are unknown, as idiopathic male infertility. This disease is caused More Infertility is a major clinical problem that involved about 10 to 15 percent of couples worldwide. Male infertility include 40 to 50 percent of all infertility cases and 37-58% of male infertility are unknown, as idiopathic male infertility. This disease is caused by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. UBE2B gene and its variations is one of the genetic factors in idiopathic male infertility. In this research was studied relation of T293G and A20016G polymorphism in UBE2B genes with the possibility of male infertility in Northern Iranian population. For this study, samples from 60 fertile men and 60 infertile men were selected. Then DNA was extracted from samples. Genotype and allele frequencies of the variants were determined by PCR- RFLP. Statistical analysis in this study showed no significant association between patient and control groups for T293G (P = 0.66) and A20016G (P = 0.52) SNPs, in UBE2B gene. The results were indicated that two SNPs was not associated with idiopathic male infertility in Northern Iranian male population. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
342 - Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms T886C in TAS2R38 gene and C109869T in SLC6A14 gene with Idiopathic infertility in Iranian men
elham siasi ahmad aleyasin javad mowlaObjective: Frequency of male infertility is 10-15% and there is not definite reason in 50% of infertility in men. This form of infertility is named idiopathic infertility and genetic factors are one of male infertility causes. Therefore, aim of this study was investigat MoreObjective: Frequency of male infertility is 10-15% and there is not definite reason in 50% of infertility in men. This form of infertility is named idiopathic infertility and genetic factors are one of male infertility causes. Therefore, aim of this study was investigation on association between T886C polymorphism in TAS2R38 gene and C109869T polymorphism in SLC6A14 gene with Iranian idiopathic infertile male. Materials and Methods: For this study. DNA was extracted from 200 blood samples consist of 100 men with idiopathic infertility (oligospermic and azoospermia) and 100 fertile men as control groups. Genotyping of two studied polymorphisms were performed by using of molecular methods, HRM-PCR Corbett, PCR-RFLP and Sequencing, then results were statistical analyzed.Results: For T886C polymorphism in TAS2R38 gene statistical analysis showed no significant difference between patient and control groups (P=0.9) and results shown was not association between this polymorphism and idiopathic male infertility in Iranian population. Frequency of C109869T polymorphism in SLC6A14 gene was different in infertile patients and control groups (P=0.04) and is indicated significant relationship with idiopathic male infertility in studied Iranian men population.Conclusion: According to this research results, The C109869T polymorphism in SLC6A14 gene is actual in affected of idiopathic infertility in Iranian men population and could cause oligospermia and azoospermia and created infertility in Iranian male. For confirming these results is recommended study on more samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
343 - Study on association of four polymorphisms in TNP2 gene with spermatogenesis and causes of male infertility
elham siasi Ahmad Aleyasin Javad MowlaProtamines are DNA-binding proteins in the sperm nucleus, which cause differentiation of human spermatogenesis. Protamines required for packaging nucleus sperm by replacement of histones with protamines. Sperm protamine deficiency has been associated with spermatogenesi MoreProtamines are DNA-binding proteins in the sperm nucleus, which cause differentiation of human spermatogenesis. Protamines required for packaging nucleus sperm by replacement of histones with protamines. Sperm protamine deficiency has been associated with spermatogenesis failed and caused male infertility. In this study association of four SNPs in TNP2 gene were studied in Iranian idiopathic infertile men with azoospermia or oligospermia. Analysis of four SNPs include T1019G, G1272C، G deletion at 1036 and 1046 in TNP2 gene was performed by DNA extraction from blood samples of 96 idiopathic infertile men with azoospermia or oligospermia and 100 normal control men. Then using restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for detection of T1019G and G1272C, SNPs and for identification of G deletion at 1036 and 1046 used Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (PCR- SSCP). Results were confirmed by DNA sequencing analysis. For (G1272C) in TNP2 gene, frequency of CC genotype was differented in fertile and infertile groups but statistical analysis showed no significant association related to this SNP in case and control groups. As also no polymorphisms were found for T1019G and G deletion at 1036 and 1046 nt. These results are consistent with previous studies and indicating that four tested SNPs was not associated with oligospermia and azospermia and idiopatic male infertility in Iranian population. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
344 - Political Discourse in the Poems by Constitutionalism Era’s Poets (Case Studies: Adib Al-Mamalek Farahani and Malek Al-Sho’ara’a Bahar)
Yaghoub Pazandeh Miari Masoud Mahdian Maliheh MahdaviPolitical poetry underwent considerable changes in both the format and the theme after the onset of the constitutionalism movement. While poetry and being a poet were commodities belonging to the educated persons until before constitutionalism. They made a lot of effort MorePolitical poetry underwent considerable changes in both the format and the theme after the onset of the constitutionalism movement. While poetry and being a poet were commodities belonging to the educated persons until before constitutionalism. They made a lot of efforts in this period to get close to the language of the alleys and streets. In this era, political poetry seeks to express the people’s concerns and it becomes sublime with poets becoming the people’s tongue against superstition and despotism. Both prose and poetry experience subtle changes in this period. To be more exact, the constitutionalism’s literature is formed and enlivened in the course of the battle with the old literature and, due to the same reason, it is novel and it violates the tradition in terms of both form and content. The constitutionalist thinkers insist on pulling words out of the magnificent aristocratic palaces and making them serve the people of alleys and bazars. The goals of the poems in this period are awakening the people and inciting the national and patriotic feelings and promoting the individual and social freedoms and denial of the superstitions and loose and improper thoughts, fighting with the foreigners and westernism, harshly and mercilessly criticizing the disorders and familiarizing the people with their human limits and rights. It was with the constitutionalism’s revolution that the newspapers along with the preaching, discussion and lecture sessions became the primary medium for the conversations and expressing of the revolutionary notions and opinions, and a “public arena” that had been never seen before came about. More importantly, insolence, insult, and frivolity lost their private, fanciful, and exceptional aspects and became completely political and one of the most important and most effective means of the political fight. Such a thing was unprecedented in the political and literary history of the country. Two essential dimensions are seen in the constitutionalism’s literature: one is the criticizing of the past literature and the other is the positing of a novel literature. Zain Al-Abedin Maraghe’ei has the following words in this regard: “these days are not the time in which the masters of pen and thoughts spend their time on simple things, chimerical myths and senseless nonsense like their antecedents for nothing but fiction would result thereof. The present article tries introducing the prominent political figures of the constitutionalism era Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
345 - Effect of Hydrazine hydrate on copolymer (Methyl methacrylate-Maleic anhydride) properties: thermal stability, transparency and corrosion inhibition
fariborz atabaki gholamali kohmareh samira sarikhaniIn this study, first copolymer (methyl methacrylate-maleic anhydride) was synthesized and then it reacted with different amount of hydrazine hydrate. Primary copolymers and products were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance MoreIn this study, first copolymer (methyl methacrylate-maleic anhydride) was synthesized and then it reacted with different amount of hydrazine hydrate. Primary copolymers and products were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the glass refractive temperatures (Tg) were determined by thermal decomposition (TGA-DSC). The results showed that copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with maleic anhydride increased the thermal stability of the polymer compared to poly (methyl methacrylate) also addition of hydrazine improved the thermal stability of the copolymer. The percentage of elements in the copolymer reacted with hydrazine was determined using elemental analysis (CHNS) and their transparency with the spectrum of light transmission in the visible-ultraviolet region showed that although copolymerization reduced the transparency and light transmission in the visible region but Increasing hydrazine not only solves this problem but also makes the product more transparent than poly PMMA. Also Solutions with concentrations of 50 to 200 ppm of primary copolymer and two of the products were prepared and theirs inhibitory performance on corrosion of low carbon steel in 0.05 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization, X-ray energy scattering analysis (EDX) and weight loss methods. The results confirm the increased corrosion inhibitory power of the copolymer in acidic environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
346 - The Structural Analysis of the Gem of Zarathustra Based on the Story of His Birth in Dēnkard and The Selections of Zadspram
Sāmān Ghāsemi FirouzābādiIn the book seven of Dēnkard and The Selections of Zadspram, some legendary stories are narrated about the birth of Zarathustra, the Persian Prophet. In these stories, his mother plays an important and fundamental role in accepting and transmitting the prophetic light m MoreIn the book seven of Dēnkard and The Selections of Zadspram, some legendary stories are narrated about the birth of Zarathustra, the Persian Prophet. In these stories, his mother plays an important and fundamental role in accepting and transmitting the prophetic light more than the father. To analyze this role, the present study presupposes two assumptions: In Iranian thought, everyone's specific function is a result of his/her essential nature; in pre-Zoroastrian thought, heroic action is to break the darkness and take it out of the Ahuraian universe. Zarathustra creates a new myth called “the pious man” that has the characteristics of a Mobad (Zoroastrian cleric); he performs the task of a hero and breaks the darkness. By using mythological and analytical approach, the present article attempts to study “the myth of hero”, as one of the cultural teachings of ancient Iran, and focuses on the concept of the heroic gem. After examining the story of Zarathustra's birth in Dēnkard and The Selections of Zadspram, we come to the conclusion that the heroic gem is so rooted in Iranian thought that the Zoroastrians, despite the teachings of their prophet, have given this gem to him to make his role in driving Ahreman out of the Ahuraian universe more believable. The heroic gem, as a dual gem, is the result of a combination of light and darkness; it is provided in the essence of Asho Zardosht (the righteous Zarathustra) by combining the gems of Ahura Mazda and Dughdova, the mother of Zarathustra. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
347 - Sport and Psychosocial Development
Susan RahimzadehBecause sports and physical activities provide many interaction opportunities, they can accelerate socializa-tion, enhance coping abilities, and promote a healthy life style. The psychosocial development of 172 female and male athletes in individual and team sports and MoreBecause sports and physical activities provide many interaction opportunities, they can accelerate socializa-tion, enhance coping abilities, and promote a healthy life style. The psychosocial development of 172 female and male athletes in individual and team sports and of nonathletic students was assessed in this study, using Hawley’s Measure of Psychosocial Development (MPD) with 27 subscales of positive, negative, result and total. Manova results indicated: Sports effect psychosocial development (p<0.004, f=1.866); gender has no effect on psychosocial development; the psychosocial development of the athletes in individual and team sports were the same. According to these findings, it seems the study of participation, cooperation, reciprocity and cohesion, especially task cohesion, is necessary in order to understand more fully the effects of team and individual sports on psychosocial development Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
348 - Cognitive -behavioral family therapy for patients with musculoskeletal pain
Mohammad KhoadyarifardThe effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral family therapy in the treatment of patients with psychosomatic musculoskeletal pain was examined. Applying an A-B single-subject design, three patients (two males and one female) with psychosomatic musculoskeletal pain in the ar MoreThe effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral family therapy in the treatment of patients with psychosomatic musculoskeletal pain was examined. Applying an A-B single-subject design, three patients (two males and one female) with psychosomatic musculoskeletal pain in the areas of lower back and neck, referred to a private, psychological clinic, were selected as the sample. Clinical interviews, MMPI and ScL--R tests were done to measure psychological problems. Family therapy was done and post test results showed the effectiveness of cognitivebehavioral family therapy by promoting patients’ skills of problem solving and communication, effective coping and self assertion. Further research is suggested to assess the relative effectiveness of other kinds of therapy techniques such as drug, behavior, and individual and group cognitive therapy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
349 - Comparison of Growth factors in Monosex Rainbow Trout and Ordinary Fish Cultured in Raceway Pounds
H. Hosseinzadeh Sahhafi T. Bashti D. ZarghamIn many species of finfish, females exhibit higher growth rates than males and achieve larger sizes. In addition, in some species, males mature before reaching marketable size. Therefore, there is great interest among fish farmers to produce all-female stocks. In this p MoreIn many species of finfish, females exhibit higher growth rates than males and achieve larger sizes. In addition, in some species, males mature before reaching marketable size. Therefore, there is great interest among fish farmers to produce all-female stocks. In this project we tried reversing the sex of rainbow trout larvae using 17β estradiol and direct method, further more finding the optimum dose of this natural estrogen for endocrine sex reversion of rainbow trout (O. mykiss). Treated females (12±1 g.) were tagged with implant elastomer tag (ABC tag) and released into 11 farms in Kohkiloieh, Fars and Charmahal Provinces. Each farm received 3000 tagged fingerlings. After 6 months Specific growth rate, condition factor and growth performance were calculated for each farm. Results revealed that mono-sex females have better Growth rate than other (males) and the average weight was 342±11 while 317±9 for males. Specific growth rate was 2.1, 2.2 and 1.9 for mono-sexed females, normal females and males respectively. Weight gain was 258, 261 and 232 for mono-sexed females, normal females and males respectively. Condition factor also was 1.1, 1.1, and 0.9 for mono-sexed females, normal females and males respectively. There were significant differences between Gonad weight of males (32 g.) and females (3.4 g.) (P<0.01). Results confirmed the increasing of flesh capacity production in mono-sex females of rainbow trout. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
350 - The histochemical and histological survey of female Mullie liver and ovary (Pociliae sphenops) on three groups (adult, preadult and immature)
Sh. Farahani Sh. JamiliThis research was performed in order to survey the histochemical and histological factors of female Mullie ovary and liver ( Pociliae sphenops)on three groups(adult, preadult and immature) in 2008 at laboratory complex of Science and ResearchUniversity. Then 10 nu MoreThis research was performed in order to survey the histochemical and histological factors of female Mullie ovary and liver ( Pociliae sphenops)on three groups(adult, preadult and immature) in 2008 at laboratory complex of Science and ResearchUniversity. Then 10 numbers of each group(totally 30) were evaluated to determine the histochemical factors(liver and ovary protein and lipid). The tissues were kept in -70 ċ to do the rest of experiments. Also 12 numbers were surveyed to do the histological process and observation by light microscope(Hematoxilin-Eosin, Von- kossa for calcium and Sudan- Black B for lipid). According to statistical analysis, protein and lipid percentages of ovary tissue on three groups, adult(4-month-old), preadult(3-month-old) and immature(1.5- month-old) revealed the significant variation(P<0.05) and immature, preadult and adult groups had respectively the most and least lipid and protein percentages of ovary. The significant variations (P<0.05) also were seen by liver protein and lipid. The immature livers protein was higher than preadults and adults. The measurement of liver total lipid showed that preadult lipid was more than adult and immature. Calcium staining in both liver and ovary tissues expressed that this element will increase during growth and development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
351 - Some of the growth parameters of Indian carp brooder (Catla catla) in earthen pond in Khouzestan province
S. Ayati Behbahani H. Hosseinzadeh Sahafi M. Khodadadi G. EskandariIn this one year study, the growth parameters of Indian carp, broodstock Catla catla such as: the percentage weight gain (WG), Average Daily Growth (ADG), Specific Growth Rate (SGR), condition factor (K), length and weight of biometrics and also, some environmental para MoreIn this one year study, the growth parameters of Indian carp, broodstock Catla catla such as: the percentage weight gain (WG), Average Daily Growth (ADG), Specific Growth Rate (SGR), condition factor (K), length and weight of biometrics and also, some environmental parameters during the 1389 to 1390 were measured seasonally. For this, 16 brood stock Catla fish, with a sex ratio of (1:1) which was almost equal, from three ponds of 1700 m2, in which they were released, were used. Ponds before stocking, were enriched by manure. Also during the period, were enriched with chemical fertilizer. Broodstock were also provided with concentrate diet (Byza fars Company) every morning and evening. The relationship between length and weight were obtained, for the females b=3/21 and for males b =2/93. This indicates that such growth is isometric. In this relationship, the female and male respectively, equivalent to y = 0.007x3.2165 and y = 0.0197x2.9377. Growth parameters for the total period was as follows: (WG) {females: 114/27, male: 211/61}; (ADG) {females: 3/08 male: 3/68}, (SGR) {females: 0/09, male: 0/2} and Obesity factor in the broodstock was between 1/54 and 1/76 respectively. On the whole, according to prevailing environmental conditions and fish physiology, growth indicator species is acceptable. Physico-chemical factors also revealed a normal process. The results obtained showed that the adaptability of carp Catla, with the climate condition of the province (long periods of heat) is possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
352 - Criticism of the translation of the book of stylistics
-- --This article examines and criticizes the translation of Paul Simpson's book on stylistics, which was translated into Persian by Nasrin Faqih Malek Marzban and published by Al-Zahra University. In this book, Simpson has looked at stylistics with a new approach. In this a MoreThis article examines and criticizes the translation of Paul Simpson's book on stylistics, which was translated into Persian by Nasrin Faqih Malek Marzban and published by Al-Zahra University. In this book, Simpson has looked at stylistics with a new approach. In this article, we examine the translation of the book from four perspectives: appearance and form, structure, content and language. In the external and formal criticism, we deal with the weight, volume and cut of the book, page layout, diagrams, font and letter size, binding and binding, paper and cover material, cover and back cover design, and in the structural criticism of the system special book classification; In the content criticism of the translation features and in the linguistic criticism, we examine the grammatical or editorial signs, the use of wrong verbs, prepositions and pronouns, double writing, recording of unusual forms of declaration. Content evaluation is more focused on checking the accuracy and correctness of translation and equivalent choices. The existence of editing and writing problems, weakness in equivalent options, double writing and in many cases lack of translation are the weak points of this book. The book of stylistics opens new intellectual horizons for Persian readers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
353 - PROFESSOR BEHROUZ MALEKPOUR
Journal of Rangeland Science Admin -
Open Access Article
354 - The effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived support and self-criticism in women heads of households
Fatemeh Torkashvand Fatemeh Sadat Zahedi Mahshid izadiThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived social support and self-criticism in women heads of households. Materials and methods: The method of this research is semi-experimental. The statistical popula MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived social support and self-criticism in women heads of households. Materials and methods: The method of this research is semi-experimental. The statistical population of this research includes all female heads of households in District 6 of Mashhad city, whose number is equal to 250 people. The sample of the present study includes 30 women heads of households who were selected voluntarily and available and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The training group was trained and after the completion of the sessions and 2 months after the training, both groups answered the questionnaires. To measure the variables, Zimet et al.'s perceived social support questionnaires (1988) and Thompson and Zurov's (2004) self-criticism level scale have been used. Findings: The findings show that positive psychology training was effective on the perceived social support and self-criticism of female household heads (P<0.05). Discussion: From the findings of this research, it can be concluded that positive psychology training can reduce self-criticism and increase perceived social support in women, as a result, it can improve quality of life, life satisfaction, and mental and psychological well-being. increase in these people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
355 - The Effect of Cultural Factors on Cost Stickiness
Sadegh Hamehkhani Ramazanali RoyaeiAbstractIn the accounting literature, attention has been paid to understanding how differences in national culture affect the outcomes and consequences of accounting and financial markets, so much of the research done in this area focuses on examining the impact of cult MoreAbstractIn the accounting literature, attention has been paid to understanding how differences in national culture affect the outcomes and consequences of accounting and financial markets, so much of the research done in this area focuses on examining the impact of culture on broad management and reporting decisions. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to study the objective evidence of the relationship between small cultures on the cost-stickiness phenomenon. The statistical population of the study was 104 companies listed on the stock exchange during a 6-year period from 2014 to 2020. The research methodology is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of its implementation, descriptive, survey and correlation type. Also, in order to analyze the data of the research using EVIEWS 9 and SPSS software, the results of hypothesis testing indicate that between the microcrops (masculinity / femininity, individualism / collectivism, power distance and avoidance of uncertainty) on the adhesion phenomenon Cost with a 99% confidence is significant Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
356 - Predict of Happiness Based on Resilient Components Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System in Female-headed households
Parastoo Afarinandeh Shima ParandinFemale-headed households have many physical and mental problems. Today, methods of mathematical computing can be used as reliable tool for predicting individuals' psychological problems. Targeting and optimism about the future are important components of resiliency that MoreFemale-headed households have many physical and mental problems. Today, methods of mathematical computing can be used as reliable tool for predicting individuals' psychological problems. Targeting and optimism about the future are important components of resiliency that affect women's happiness. Happiness and consequently depression in female-headed households is a disease so it needs to be identified and predicted. The aim of this study was to predict happiness in female-headed based on resiliency components using ANFIS. In this study, the measuring instrument was the Conner and Davidson Resiliency and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. The statistical population included 50 female-headed households. The mean happiness and resiliency in female-headed households was 39.8 and 40.26, respectively. After evaluating the models, the final model of happiness prediction based on resiliency components was used. Based on the results, the correlation between resiliency level and happiness of female head was 0.96. The results showed that increasing resiliency in the Female-headed households had a direct and significant effect on their happiness. Based on the results of the high accuracy 0.94 in the final model, fuzzy neural networks can be used well and accurately to predict the level of happiness of Female-headed households, especially at the level of their depression risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
357 - The mediating role of Alexitymia in the relationship between coping strategies with psychological and social capital of female-headed households: A model of structural equations
Fahime Ghashghaei Ali Delavar Javad Khalatbari Abdollah ShafiabadiThe aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of Alexitymia in the relationship between coping strategies with psychological and social capital of female-headed households.The present study was a descriptive correlational study based on structural equation MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of Alexitymia in the relationship between coping strategies with psychological and social capital of female-headed households.The present study was a descriptive correlational study based on structural equations.The study population was female-headed welfare in July-September2017,firstsampling was done as a relative classification of Shemiranat, Shahriarshahr,eastTehran,then sampling was done by purposeful method.The sample size according to the number of research variables was considered to be 300 people. Lutans Psychological Capital(PCQ);Bolen Social Capital(SC-IQ).Toronto Emotional Disorder(TAS).Data were analyzed using SPSS and SMARTPLS-3 software to estimate model parameters.The results showed that the model had a good fit and although the direct and indirect effects of predictor and mediator variables on property variables(coping strategy)were significant,but this relationship was not significant with all components of coping strategies.Conclusion:Direct relationship between psychological capital And social and strategies No significant boudoir confrontation The relationship between psychological capital and a significant problem-solving strategy was not identified.In addition,although the indirect relationship between psychological social capital with the mediation of emotional malaise and coping strategies was significant,but with the strategic components of emotion and social support, this relationship was not shown to be significant.Keywords:structural model, psychological capital, capital Social problems, Alexitymia, female-headed households Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
358 - Analyzing the Lived Experience of Secondary School Students of Mothers' Remarriage with an Emphasis on Children's Education
Mohsen Yousefi Amin Koraei Mansour SodaniOne of the important issues of family and married life that can affect the future of children is the issue of parents' divorce. In this regard, the main goal of the present study was to analyze the lived experience of secondary school students of mothers' remarriage, em MoreOne of the important issues of family and married life that can affect the future of children is the issue of parents' divorce. In this regard, the main goal of the present study was to analyze the lived experience of secondary school students of mothers' remarriage, emphasizing the education of their children. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of implementation method. The study population consisted of second grade male high school students in Ahvaz in the academic year 2020-2021, in which 16 people were purposefully selected based on theoretical saturation method. The research tool was semi-structured interviews. To validate the findings, the coding process was first reviewed by experts (face validity). The researcher also re-examined the coding process. Reliability was also obtained with a coding agreement coefficient performed by two coders. The content analysis method in MAXQDA software version 2020 was used for data analysis. The results showed that five central themes including (emotional support, emotional experiences, economic well-being, interpersonal relationships and acceptance of divorce) were identified for the issue of mothers' remarriage and its various effects on children's education. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the mother's remarriage can have an impact on the child's life. These effects are more visible with negative effects such as the child's emotional problems, academic weakness and reluctance in academic activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
359 - Comparison of social support, coping and family emotional climate and non-sponsored female-headed households in Shiraz
sousan sahami Amaneh GolipoorThe aims of paper was comparison of social support, coping and family emotional climate and non-sponsored female-headed households in Shiraz. Research method was causal-comparative that study sample consisted of 107 households and 107 non-sponsored households. The instr MoreThe aims of paper was comparison of social support, coping and family emotional climate and non-sponsored female-headed households in Shiraz. Research method was causal-comparative that study sample consisted of 107 households and 107 non-sponsored households. The instrument used for data collection were includes social support scale Phillips (PSSI), Coping Inventory For Stressful Situation (CISS) and family emotional climate questionnaire Bern (BFECQ), respectively. Descriptive and explanation statistical methods were used, including multivariate analysis of variance (MANVOA) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Analyzes were performed using software (SPSS) version 21 for data analysis. Findings showed that except emotional coping style, the scores mean of women heads of household under is higher the of women non-sponsored households. Findings showed that are different in between sponsored female-headed households and non-sponsored households in Shiraz in terms of subscales of social support (family, friends and others support), subscales of coping styles (task oriented, emotion oriented, avoiding oriented coping) and emotional family climate (father-son and mother-child climate) at level of p < 0/001. When women heads of households, institutions sponsored the study says, comfort and become more relaxed, less attachment and can spend more warmth and intimacy of their family and their children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
360 - The Study of Relationship Between Religiosity and Social Health of Female Headed Households in Rasht
ghorbanali atefi henzeni alie Shekarbeigi omid aliahmadiReligiosity is a fundamental factor in socialization and intellectual coherence, practicality and orientation in solving problems and phenomena and social issues, and thus a factor in improving the social health of individuals. Regarding the importance of the discussion MoreReligiosity is a fundamental factor in socialization and intellectual coherence, practicality and orientation in solving problems and phenomena and social issues, and thus a factor in improving the social health of individuals. Regarding the importance of the discussion of social health, the present study uses a field method, scanning technique, questionnaire tool, and SPSS and Smart PLS software to answer the main question. Whether between different dimensions of religiosity and social health Is there a relationship between the female head of household in Rasht? The statistical population of the present study is female head of household in Rasht, whose number is 26000 according to the latest statistics. The results of the research indicate that between the total amount of religiosity (0.33) and its dimensions, the consequences dimension (P=0.22), religious dimension (P=0.39), belief dimension (P=0.36) There is a positive, direct, and meaningful correlation between social and economic factors (P=0.25) and cognitive dimension (P=0.34). Therefore, all research hypotheses are rejected. The results of the Smart PLS structural equation model also showed that the total effect of the independent variable religiosity on the social health of female head of household is 0.57. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
361 - Providing a comprehensive model based on the effect of behavioral indicators of Vals lifestyles on Purchase decision making styles of Asel - case study: female buyers with high and low income and financial resources in Tehran city
Seyed Mohamad Taghi Hosseinikia Vahid Reza MirabiToday, numerous researches in the world have shown that in order to investigate the behavior of consumers and their purchase decisions in the markets, their lifestyles and the type of purchase decision of each style should be taken into consideration. And also researche MoreToday, numerous researches in the world have shown that in order to investigate the behavior of consumers and their purchase decisions in the markets, their lifestyles and the type of purchase decision of each style should be taken into consideration. And also researches in the world show that among the behavioral factors, lifestyle is a very important factor for knowing and recognizing the behavioral tendencies of each person due to its constant and unique nature and can provide better knowledge and information to the buyers. Each consumer makes a purchase decision according to their lifestyle, and one of the effective styles in making purchase decisions is the Vals lifestyle, which can determine the situation of buyers according to two behavioral factors and financial resources. up and down), specify. And based on that, he proceeded to cluster the target markets. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present a comprehensive model based on the influence of behavioral indicators of Vals lifestyles on shopping decision making styles Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
362 - Investigating the Relationship between Social Intelligence and Moral Behavior of Female Students in the Second Period of Secondary Education in Neyrizin the Academic Year 2018-2019
Shahla Zarparvar Mojgan GhajareihThe present study is a descriptive-survey correlational study that aimed to investigate the relationship between social intelligence and moral behavior in female high school students in Neyriz in the academic year 2018-2019. The statistical population of this study was MoreThe present study is a descriptive-survey correlational study that aimed to investigate the relationship between social intelligence and moral behavior in female high school students in Neyriz in the academic year 2018-2019. The statistical population of this study was the total number of female high school students in Neyriz who were studying in that academic year (n=1410).Based on the Jersey and Morgan’s Table, 202 of them were recruited as the sample throughrandom sampling method. In this study, the Tremso Social Intelligence Scale and the Swanson and Hill Ethical Behavior Questionnaire were used to collect the data. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the social awareness variable (r=0.336, R2=0.113) was the most effective predictor of moral behavior.This variable was able to explain about 10.8% of the changes in the ethical behavior variable. In addition, the social information processing variable (r=0.399, R2=0.159) was able to explain about 4.1% of the dependent variable of moral behavior. However, social intelligence and social skills had no effect on the moral behavior of the students studied in this study. The results showed that students who have higher social awareness know what is expected of them in social situations and as a result show acceptable moral behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
363 - An Investigation into the Female Principals’ Lived Experiences Managerial Self-belief in Primary Schools: A Phenomenological Approach
sedigheh jamshidi aval syedeh khadijeh MoafimadaniThe present research was aimed at examining the female principals’ lived experiences managerial self-belief in primary schools. The method was qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The statistical population included female principals of primary schools in MoreThe present research was aimed at examining the female principals’ lived experiences managerial self-belief in primary schools. The method was qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The statistical population included female principals of primary schools in Tonekabon. Through purposeful sampling, out of 28 senior female principals, 12 took part in semi-structured interviews t up to the limit of theoretical saturation. Qualitative data obtained from the interviews were analyzed with the seven-step Colaizzi method. Based on the coding results, 68 conceptual codes were extracted, which were clustered into 20 inferential themes, and finally 6 expanded themes showed female principals’ understanding and experience of the concept of managerial self-confidence, including sufficient and appropriate knowledge (9 components), experience (11 components), emotional and religious attitude (6 components), purposefulness and creativity (6 components), organizational environment quality (4 components) and trust in the experience of others (3 components). Examining the experiences of female principals showed that the role of managerial self-belief is to pave the way for principals who want to advance in a good, creative and different way in the usual conditions of the organizational environment and create new achievements in the field of education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
364 - First High School Female Teachers’ Lived Experience of Multicultural Education
Somayeh saebi Alireza assareh Narges KeshtiarayAs its first goal, multicultural education aims to train individuals who not only appreciate their own culture but also respect other cultures and consider them as a factor contributing to the development of their culture. The present study aimed to investigate the fema MoreAs its first goal, multicultural education aims to train individuals who not only appreciate their own culture but also respect other cultures and consider them as a factor contributing to the development of their culture. The present study aimed to investigate the female teachers’ lived experience of multicultural education. The method used in this study was the qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The population consisted of all female teachers working in the city of Isfahan in the academic years 2020-2021. Using the purposeful sampling method, the population reached saturation with a sample size of 12. The data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews and were analyzed by MAXQDA 18. The results indicated six main themes: educational content, teaching method, strengthening relationships, environmental compatibility, diverse evaluation, and accepting multicultural education, which was obtained from 110 initial themes and categorization of the themes. The themes obtained from female teachers' experiences of multicultural education can be used as a model in the multicultural curriculum. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
365 - Study of Somatic Embryogenesis Potential of Male Florets and Pistillate Flowers of Persian Walnut (Juglansregia L.)
M. Farsi K. Vahdati M. Lotfi D. Hassani M. Mirmasoumi -
Open Access Article
366 - RAPD Analysis for Sex Determination in Pistacia vera L.
F. Kamiab A. Ebadi B. Panahi A. Tajabadi -
Open Access Article
367 - Chemical modification of maleic anhydride polymers with carbazole
Mohammad Hossein Nasirtabrizi Zeinab Mohammadpoor Ziaei Aiyoub Parchehbaf Jadid -
Open Access Article
368 - The Effects of Aqueous Extract of Vitex agnus castus and Foeniculum vulgare on HPG axis and Spermatogenesis of Male NMRI Rat
معصومه پیرسلوارانی عبدالحسین شیروی میترا حیدری نصرآبادیVitex-agnus castusandamp; Foeniculum vulgare is without doubt the most important herb used by natural therapists for the treatment of female hormone problems. But there isnandrsquo;t any report about the effect of thisVitex-agnus castus aqueous extract and A. Putting to MoreVitex-agnus castusandamp; Foeniculum vulgare is without doubt the most important herb used by natural therapists for the treatment of female hormone problems. But there isnandrsquo;t any report about the effect of thisVitex-agnus castus aqueous extract and A. Putting together Vitex-agnus castus and Foeniculum vulgare on serum LH, FSH,Testosteron in male. This project investigates the effects of Vitex-agnus castus and Foeniculum vulgare administration on serum Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Testosterone levels in male NMRI mice. This is an experimental study in which adult male mice were chosen and divided into two groups: control and experimental. The experimental group divided into five groups. Any groups were including eight mice. Animals were daily injected ( i.p.) with 100, 200 mg/kg of foeniculum vulgare aqueous extract and 300, 400 of Vitex agnus aqueous extract and 600 mg/kg of A. putting together Vitex agnus and Foeniculum vulgare aqueous extract for sixteen consecutive days. Then the animals were weighed and eventually, anesthesia by ketamin and xylozine, blood sample were collected from heart, 2 weeks after the last injection. Animalsand#39; blood Serum levels of LH, FSH and testosterone were measured by RIA method. The caudal part of the right epididymis was used for sperm couting. After macroscopic investigation (weight, diameter and volume of testis) tissues were fixed in formalin 10% fixative. Tissues were cut at 5 andmicro;m, stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (Handamp; E). Ccollected data was analyzed by the SPSS software by using one-way ANOVAand Tukey. No significant differences in body weight, volume, weight and diameter of testis was seen. The effects of Vitex-agnus castus aqueous extract andamp; Foeniculum vulgare aqueous extract, to cause decrease serum Testostern, LH and FSH release compand to controls. Result of sperm count, showed a significant decreasing in 300, 400 doses and compose doses 600 of Vitex and Foeniculum.Vitex-agnus castus andamp;Foeniculum vulgare contains essential fatty acids and estrogenic compound. The results suggest that its extracts may act through the hypothalamo-hypophysel-gonadal axis or direct effect on pituitary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
369 - The Effect of Pomegranate Juice on Some Factors of Hemogram and Weight in Diabetic Mature Male Rats
سیدابراهیم حسینی داود مهربانی حمیدرضا قایدیPomegranate juiceis an important source of antioxidant compounds and is a rich source of poly phenols, which are able to deal with the harmful effects of oxidation processes in tissues. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of pomegranate juice on some fact MorePomegranate juiceis an important source of antioxidant compounds and is a rich source of poly phenols, which are able to deal with the harmful effects of oxidation processes in tissues. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of pomegranate juice on some factors of hemogram and weight in diabetic mature male rats.48 mature male rats were studied in the groups of normal control, sham and experimental, diabetic control, sham and experimental. The experimental groupsweredivided into three categories hadreceivedagavageamountsjuicewith1,2 and4 mldaily for21 days.The sham group received distilled water and the control group was not treated. At the end of21 dayswere bledfromthe heartventricle of the animalsandusing routinelaboratory were measuredthe total number ofwhite and red Globule blood, platelets, hemoglobin andhematocrit, meancell hemoglobinconcentration, meancellhemoglobin, MCVandweightchange. The data were evaluated usingANOVA, LSD and t test. The results showed that pomegranate juice can increase weight, number of white globule and volume of globule red, and decrease of platelets in mature male rats. The findings concluded that pomegranate juice probably due to antioxidant compounds and reduce stress hormones can increase white globule and weight and decrease platelets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
370 - Investigation of Zinc Oxide NanoparticlesDeposition Values in Lung of Female Mice of NMRI Variant
پروانه Khalilian عبدالحسین Shiravi حسین AbbaspourNanotechnology is a term which refers to all advanced technologies of Nano scale. By Nano scale, a dimension of 1-100 nanometers is presumed. Nano zinc oxide is one of the most important nanomaterials which is widely used in business and industry and this has caused som MoreNanotechnology is a term which refers to all advanced technologies of Nano scale. By Nano scale, a dimension of 1-100 nanometers is presumed. Nano zinc oxide is one of the most important nanomaterials which is widely used in business and industry and this has caused some concerts regarding its effect on the environment and human health. There are not many studies of harms of these materials to the body. The present study was done to define the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its deposition values in lung. Syrian female mice of NMRI variant were divided into three groups of 10 each: control, 1000 ppm/kg zinc oxide nanoparticles and 2000 ppm/kg zinc oxide nanoparticles treated groups. During a period of 10 days, different doses of zinc oxide nanoparticles (i.e. 1000 and 2000 ppm/kg) were given to treated groups by inhalation, the control group received distilled water by inhalation. Then the mice were dissected and lung was prepared for investigation of zinc oxide nanoparticles deposition by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Statistical analysis showed that zinc oxide nanoparticles had significant difference in tissue of the lung which had received doses 1000 and 2000 ppm/kg compared with control group. Consumption of zinc oxide nanoparticles in doses of 1000 and 2000 ppm/kg, deposition of this material significantly increased in lung. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
371 - Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Aerial Parts of Rue onMale Mice (NMRI) Organs of Reproduction
عبدالحسین شیروی شهلا روزبهانی سمانه حبیبیIntroduction The plants have close relation to the culture of humans . most of plants have recovery effects Ruta graveolens L. is the plant which was used for increasing period , abortion in women, rhomatysm In this study,the effects of the alcoholic extract of Rue MoreIntroduction The plants have close relation to the culture of humans . most of plants have recovery effects Ruta graveolens L. is the plant which was used for increasing period , abortion in women, rhomatysm In this study,the effects of the alcoholic extract of Rue are experimentally examined on the reproductive organ of male mice. Method In this study which is functional and fundamental uses small mice NMRI. The weight of testicles , epididym, vaso deferan and the volume of testicles and the number of sperm was identified. Results Comparing testiclesand#39; weight, epididym,deferan, show a significant decrease (pandlt; .05) in 350 and 450 of doses in control and experimental groups. . Size of the testis and number of sperms show a significant decrease (pandlt; .05) in experimental groups, sham and control. Conclusion The results have shown alcoholic extract RG Can effect on activity in organs of male generation . and probably can be used to control reproduction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
372 - The Effects of Hydroalcohlic Walnut Extract of Juglans regia Male Flower on Blood Sugar Level and Liver Enzymes Activity in Intact and Diabetic Adult Male Rat
سید ابراهیم حسینی کاظم کریم زادهDiabetes is a metabolic disorder with hyperglycemia due to defects in secretion, insulin function or both are specified. Walnut nutritional purposes in addition to traditional medicine in Iran is also used to treat diabetes, so this study examines the effect of male flo MoreDiabetes is a metabolic disorder with hyperglycemia due to defects in secretion, insulin function or both are specified. Walnut nutritional purposes in addition to traditional medicine in Iran is also used to treat diabetes, so this study examines the effect of male flowers on some walnut diabetes on diabetic male rats by measuring the amount of blood sugar and liver enzymes. The study on 80 male rats with 200 to 225 grams weight, which accidentally in three groups were performed. The first group: Control, Second: Diabetic 32 and next Group: Non-diabetic 32 over each of the groups to four are divided into eight categories: (A) The control group received normal saline, (B) treated with experimental group received the extract 2g/kg,) C) Received the extract 4g/kg, (D) Extract the downloaded 6g/kg. Eight rats were used for determination of lethal doses of LD50. For diabetes as IP 60mg/kg of streptozotocin were used. Rat daily for 15 days as a single dose extracts were treated at the end of the fifteenth day from the ventricular blood sampling were performed.Results showed a significant reduction blood sugar and ASAT,ALP in diabetics than non-diabetic group receiving thehydroalcoholic extractof male flowers walnut. However this effect is not dependent dose. In this study hydroalcoholic extract useful effect of male flowers Walnut liver damage due to inhibition and reduced blood sugar and liver enzymes levels, non-dose dependent, was observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
373 - The Study of Sperm Quality after Consumption of a Traditional Herbal Compound (ADOFON) by Infertile Men
مینا رمضانی محمدعلی خلیلی آرزو خرادمهرIn recent years, using of medical plants has been increased more research on effective herbal ingredients. As the male factor accounts for nearly 40% of infertility cases, thisstudyevaluated the effects of herbal drug ADOFON comprising of Tribulus terrestris, Amygdalus MoreIn recent years, using of medical plants has been increased more research on effective herbal ingredients. As the male factor accounts for nearly 40% of infertility cases, thisstudyevaluated the effects of herbal drug ADOFON comprising of Tribulus terrestris, Amygdalus communis nut, Allium ampeloprasum, Lepidium sativus, Orchis mascula, Phoenixdactylifera pollen and Ficus carica. 62 infertile men (age 23-40 years) were randomly selected for assessment of their sperm parameters. Their spermatozoa concentration were lower than 20 million/ml, progressive motility andlt; 50%, and normal morphology andlt; 30% according to WHO criteria. 32 people in the study group received the herbal powder and others in control group received placebo. Men in both groups were given 25 grams packs, three times a week for 3 months. After 3 months, sperm parameters were evaluated and compared with control. Pre and post treatment data in tow groups were analyzed by t-test. Data in the study group indicated an increase in percent of spermatozoacount (8.14%, pandlt;0.05) and Progressive motility (1.46%, pandlt;0.001), but there was no significant difference in sperm normal morphology. Results showed the count and sperm motility parameters improved in the study group compared with the control group. Therefore, it is possible that taking this herbal compound is effective in improving sperm parameters and fertility potential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
374 - Study the Ultrastructure of the Male Sexual Gonads in Cave Salamander, Paradactylodon gorganensis
میترا حیدری نصرآبادیCave Salamander, Paradactylodon gorganensisis a native species of Iran and only found in the Shir-abad cave of Gorgan. In this study, the gonads of male animals have been studied by electron microscopy. In order to fulfill this purpose, five Paradactylodon gorganensisSa MoreCave Salamander, Paradactylodon gorganensisis a native species of Iran and only found in the Shir-abad cave of Gorgan. In this study, the gonads of male animals have been studied by electron microscopy. In order to fulfill this purpose, five Paradactylodon gorganensisSalamander collected from May to September from Shir-abad cave and were transported to the laboratory. After reviewing the anatomy and morphology of the animals, they were anesthetized and dissected. Testicles cut into small pieces and fixed in Glutaraldehyde fixative. With using standard procedure, histological grade composite was prepared for microscopic study. Animal studies showed that this species have not two sex. A pair of testicles and a cream-colored cylindrical are in the abdominal cavity and all attached to the kidney also, yellow fat bodies were seen.Gonads are sectional, marginal lobes are large and multifaceted but central lobes are small and round. Spermatogenesis have cystic pattern and testicular spermatogenesis in active testis groups of cells in different stages are seen in different lobes, were seen in a sexual but in one lobe most of cells are synchronized. Spermatozoa were drawn, but the core of the acrosome was not observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
375 - Histochemical Study and the Survey of Calcium and Carbohydrate Complex of the Liver and Ovary Tissues of Female Mullie (Pocilia sphenops (
شبنم فراهانی شهلا جمیلی مهدی سلطانی فاطمه عباسیThis research was done in order to the evaluation of the ash percentage and moisture and qualified study of calcium and carbohydrate in ovary and liver of female Mullie in in 30 specimens and 3 groups (adult, preadult and immature) in Febriery, 2010. According to the st MoreThis research was done in order to the evaluation of the ash percentage and moisture and qualified study of calcium and carbohydrate in ovary and liver of female Mullie in in 30 specimens and 3 groups (adult, preadult and immature) in Febriery, 2010. According to the statistical analysis, the ash and moisture percentage of ovary tissue in three groups including: adult (4-month-old), preadult (3-month-old) and immature (1.5-month-old) showed significant difference (Pandlt;0.05) and immature, preadult and adult groups had the maximum and minimum ash percentages, respectively; but no significant difference (Pandlt;0.05) was observed in all three groups. Ash and moisture percentage in liver tissues of immature mullie were higher than preadult and adult groups. Calcium staining by Von-kossa method in both liver and ovary tissues has shown that it will increase during growth and development. Staining of the carbohydrates in liver and ovary tissues was done by PAS method. The carbohydrateaggregation in ovaries increases in adult, preadult and immature groups; and, in liver increases in immature, preadult and adult groups, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
376 - The Histochemical Study of Female Mullie Liver Pociliasphenopsin Three Groups(Adults, Preadult and Immature)
شبنم فراهانیThis research in order to evaluation of histolchemical characteristics of liver in female Mullie(Mullienesiae) in 3 groups(adult, preadult and immature ) performed on Bahman in 1388 at laboratory complex of Science and Research University in 60 fish specimens to do the MoreThis research in order to evaluation of histolchemical characteristics of liver in female Mullie(Mullienesiae) in 3 groups(adult, preadult and immature ) performed on Bahman in 1388 at laboratory complex of Science and Research University in 60 fish specimens to do the histolchemical process( lipid, protein, ash and moisture). All of the liver tissues were kept in -70 ċ until doing the rest of experiments. According to statistical analysis The significant variation(Pandlt;0.05) has seen in all protein and lipid percentages of liver tissues in 3 groups but the significant variation wasnandrsquo;t seen in moisture and ash percentage of all groups. The evaluation of total ash, moisture and protein percentage of liver tissues showed that immature was higher than preadult and adult groups. The measurement of total lipid percentage of liver tissues revealed that lipid in preadult group was higher than adult and immature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
377 - The effect of intraperitoneal injection sesame oil on fear conditioning in the female mice.
حسین محمدپورکارگر مانا احمدی مهناز کسمتیSesame oil contains unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid, Oleic acid and Lecithin. Lecithin and specially unsaturated fatty acids have important role in several physiological functions. In his project effect of sesame oil injection (i.p.) on fear conditioning w MoreSesame oil contains unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid, Oleic acid and Lecithin. Lecithin and specially unsaturated fatty acids have important role in several physiological functions. In his project effect of sesame oil injection (i.p.) on fear conditioning was studied.Female mice (25andplusmn;3 g) were used. Animals divided to four groups: control and three test groups which were injected by 0.1 ml sesame oil (i.p.) for 1, 3 and 4 days respectively. Fear conditioning test carried out in three steps. 1- Animals take place in test compartment for 5 min in first day. 2- in second day, each animal exposed to noise for 3 min and finally received foot shock (5 sec, 1mA). 3-After 1 hour and 24 hour (in the last day) each animal exposed to noise for 1 min and freezing time was measured. All data was analyzed by one way ANOVA.There was not any significant difference between control and other groups in fear conditioning test after 1 hour.There was any significant difference in Fear conditioning test after 24 hour between control animals and animals which sesame oil was injected once. There were significant difference in freezing time after 24 hour between control group and groups which sesame oil was injected for 3 and 4 days (Pandlt;0.03). Sesame oil had not effects on memory recalling, one hour after foot shock. It seems that sesame oil stimulates mechanisms that affected memory in long period. Probably lecithin of sesame oil acts as a source for acetylcholine and potentiate cholinergic system in brain specifically hippocampus. More studies need to determine facts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
378 - The Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ferulago angulata on Liver Function Tests and Some Biochemical Parameters in Adult Male Wistar Rats
Yasna Bidmeshki Somayeh BohlouliMany modern medicines are obtained from medicinal plants, and the properties of many of these plants have been confirmed and proven with new investigations. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different doses of hydroalcoholic extract of Ferulago a MoreMany modern medicines are obtained from medicinal plants, and the properties of many of these plants have been confirmed and proven with new investigations. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different doses of hydroalcoholic extract of Ferulago angulata on biochemical and hematological parameters orally on male Wistar rats. 28 heads of male Wistar rats that were randomly studied experimentally. Mice were divided into a control group without extract and groups receiving Ferulago angulata extract with doses of 50, 150 and 300 mg/kg. The treatment groups were conducted for 16 weeks. After the end of the test, serum glucose level, lipid profile including triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, albumin, total protein and liver enzymes ALP, AST and ALT were measured. Different doses of Ferulago angulata extract changed the levels of some lipid factors and liver enzymes in the studied groups compared to the control group. Different doses of Ferulago angulata extract caused a significant decrease in the level of glucose, triglycerides and liver enzymes (AST and ALT), and the level of LDL. Also, the amount of albumin, HDL and total protein increased, and there was no change in the amount of cholesterol and ALP. The results of this study showed that Ferulago angulata plant has positive effects on some biochemical factors and liver function improvement despite its antioxidant compounds. Therefore, we can introduce Ferulago angulata plant as one of the most effective plants in the medicinal plant industry and treatment, control and prevention of many diseases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
379 - Comparison of the Effect of Endurance and Speed Training Session on Plasma ANP in Male Athletic Students in Yazd
Mohammad Sadegh Zare Tahereh Bagherpoor Nematollah NematiThe ANP is a cardiac neutrodiortic peptide which is secreted from the granules in atrial muscle cells during atrial expansion which helps balance the body's fluids by affecting the kidney. Studies have linked this hormone to cardiovascular disease. This study aimed MoreThe ANP is a cardiac neutrodiortic peptide which is secreted from the granules in atrial muscle cells during atrial expansion which helps balance the body's fluids by affecting the kidney. Studies have linked this hormone to cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to compare the effect of one session of endurance and speed training on the ANP in male athlete men. For this purpose, 90 male athletes were randomly selected and divided into three groups of endurance, speed, and control. Third, the heart rate was reduced, and they ran. Blood samples were taken 10 minutes before and 10 minutes after the exercise to measure plasma ANP. The results showed that one session of endurance and speed activity significantly increased the plasma ANP levels compared to the pre-test (p < 0.05). There was training (p < 0.05). However, the difference between the endurance and speed groups was not significant (p < 0.05). Consequently, it can be stated that a session of endurance and speed activity increases the plasma ANP of athletic students, and there is no difference between the effect of endurance and speed on ANP increase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
380 - The Effect of Four Weeks of Lemon Essential Oil Consumption and Swimming Training on Memory and Pain in Adult Male Mice
Sara Ahmadizadeh Abdolhassan Doulah Maryam RafieiradWith age, some functions of the nervous system, including avoidance memory, are impaired. The beneficial effects of exercise on neurogenesis, increasing neuronal synapses, the treatment of mental disorders, helping improve brain injuries, and prevention of neurodegenera MoreWith age, some functions of the nervous system, including avoidance memory, are impaired. The beneficial effects of exercise on neurogenesis, increasing neuronal synapses, the treatment of mental disorders, helping improve brain injuries, and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases have been proven. Citrus limon is one of the plants mentioned in traditional medicine for its analgesic effects. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of four weeks of lemon essential oil consumption and swimming training on memory and pain in male mice was investigated. To this end, 40 male mice with a weight of 40± 5 g were studied. The mice were randomly divided into 4 groups including control, swimming group, group receiving lemon essential oil, and group of swimming training + consuming lemon essential oil. Swimming practice consisted of four weeks of swimming in water for 30 minutes per session and five sessions per week, and 50 mg/kg lemon essential oil was administered by gavage. The pain threshold was measured to evaluate the avoidance memory of the shuttle box using the tail flick test. The results showed that the essential oil of lemon and swimming training has significantly reduced pain (p < 0.001). Moreover, the combined consumption of lemon essential oil and swimming training increased memory in male mice (p < 0.001). Aerobic exercise, especially swimming, has had a positive effect on memory consolidation and reduction of pain threshold. Probably, consuming lemon essential oil due to the presence of strong antioxidants can reduce the feeling of pain and improve avoidance memory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
381 - The Effect of Anxiety and Oleuropein-induced Memory Improvement in an Animal Model of Ischemia
Shahrbanoo Alami RostamiCerebral ischemia is a condition not reaching all or part of the brain, blood, and therefore oxygen. According to the property oleuropein antioxidant, the current study was performed aiming at using this substance to affect anxiety and improve memory in ischemic animals MoreCerebral ischemia is a condition not reaching all or part of the brain, blood, and therefore oxygen. According to the property oleuropein antioxidant, the current study was performed aiming at using this substance to affect anxiety and improve memory in ischemic animals. In this study, 50 Wistar rats in the weight range of 200 to 250 g were randomly assigned to 5 groups including: control group; the ischemia group was divided by occlusion of both common carotid arteries and the three ischemia groups that received oleuropein at doses (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg) by gavage for 14 days. To cause ischemia, bilateral carotid arteries were isolated, blocked in two, and severed in the middle. Memory assessment was performed using the passive avoidance learning test (shuttle box) and the elevated plus maze device was used to assess anxiety. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD support. Ischemia decreased memory (p <0.001). Anxiety was reduced (p <0.001) and administration of doses of 10, 50, 100 mg/kg oleuropein, especially 100 mg/kg, led to improvement in memory deficits (p <0.001) and anxiety (p <0.001). Based on the results of this study, it seems that oleuropein reduces the severity of cognitive and behavioral disorders caused by hypoperfusion ischemia due to its antioxidant properties and inhibition of free radicals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
382 - The Efect of Adding Prebiotic, Synbiotic and Phytobiotic Supplements in the Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Apparent Digestibility of Nutrients and Some Blood Parameters of Fattening Zell Lambs
Mehdi Saravani Mohsen Hajipour Kaveh Jafari Khorshidi Seyed Makan Mousavi Kashani Parvin ShawrangIn this study, the effect of adding prebiotic, synbiotic and phytobiotic supplements in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters of fattening Zell lambs was investigated. For this purpose, 24 Zell male MoreIn this study, the effect of adding prebiotic, synbiotic and phytobiotic supplements in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters of fattening Zell lambs was investigated. For this purpose, 24 Zell male lambs with an avrage age of about 5 months and an avrage weight of 25.4±0.50 were used for 90 days. The experimental treatments included 1- control group (no supplement), 2- treatment containing 2 g of A-Max prebiotic supplement, 3- treatment containing 4 g of Biomin IMBO synbiotic supplement, and 4- treatment containing 6 g of Bioherbal phytobiotic supplement per head of lamb per day. The growth performance results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental treatments in the fattening weight, dry matter intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). The highest weight at the end of the fattening period, dry matter intake and daily weight gain were observed in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement. The treatment with 6 g of phytobiotic supplement had the lowest feed conversion ratio. The highest apparent digestibility of dry matter, NDF and ADF was observed in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement (p < 0.05). The results of some blood serum parameters showed that there was a significant difference in the concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen between the experimental treatments (p < 0.05). The highest concentration of glucose was in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement, the lowest concentration of cholesterol was in the treatment of 6 g of phytobiotic supplement. Blood urea nitrogen had the lowest concentration in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement. The treatment with 4 g of synbiotic supplement had the highest hot carcass weight, hot carcass percentage, cold carcass weight, cold carcass percentage, thigh percentage and shoulder percentage (p < 0.05). The present research showed that the addition of 4 g of synbiotic supplement in the diet improved the growth performance, valuable parts of the carcass and the apparent digestibility of nutrients in fattening lambs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
383 - The Effect of Movento Insecticide on the Fertility Rate in Male Balb/c Mice
Ghodrat Ebadi ManasToday, due to the indiscriminate use of poisons and the resistance of pests to them, new types of poisons are produced every year. Movento is the latest insecticide that is used in pistachio orchards to control the psyllid pest, whose side effects on the reproductive sy MoreToday, due to the indiscriminate use of poisons and the resistance of pests to them, new types of poisons are produced every year. Movento is the latest insecticide that is used in pistachio orchards to control the psyllid pest, whose side effects on the reproductive system have not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Movento on fertility in Balb/c mice. In this study, 18 adult and healthy male Balb/c mice were prepared and kept under standard conditions. Each group consisted of 9 mice. Mice were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 79 mg/kg Movento and the control group received the same amount of distilled water daily for 60 days through oral gavage. At the end of the study, the mice were euthanized by injecting a mixture of xylazine and ketamine. Epididymal tail of the testes of mice was separated and placed in HTF culture medium. The parameters of sperm count, sperm viability, DNA damage of sperm, immature sperms and fertilization ability of sperms and blastocyst were evaluated. The data obtained from the study were analyzed by ANOVA method. The findings showed that sperm viability, the percentage of fertilized oocytes, two-celled and four-celled embryos, and the number of blastocysts were significantly reduced in the experimental group compared to the control. Also, sperms count in the experimental group compared to the control group decreased but was not significant. However, immature sperms and DNA damage of sperm in the experimental group was increased compared to the control group. Therefore, it can be concluded that Movento poison reduces fertility in mice by DNA damage of sperm and chromatin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
384 - The Effect of Season and Age on Sperm Parameters in Infertile Men
Sh. Bakhshesh M. Tavalaee M.H. Nasr-EsfahaniApproximately 15% of couples are infertile. Male factor infertility is reported in half of infertile couples. Several factors including age, and season are effective on the quality of sperm parameters, which can have different results in different geographic locati MoreApproximately 15% of couples are infertile. Male factor infertility is reported in half of infertile couples. Several factors including age, and season are effective on the quality of sperm parameters, which can have different results in different geographic locations. In this study, the effect of these two factors on sperm parameters in infertile men was investigated. Overall, 659 semen samples from infertile men referred to the Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, central Iran were collected. Semen analysis included assessment of volume, concentration, motility and morphology carried out according to WHO (2010). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Quality of sperm parameters, especially sperm motility and count were affected by the age and seasonal changes. Negative significant correlations between male age with sperm count and motility were observed (P<0.05). As the age increases, the mean of sperm count and motility in infertile men are reduced, and the reduction in these two parameters are more pronounced in the first half of the year than in the second half of the year. However, age and seasonal variations do not affect sperm morphology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
385 - Assessment of the Teratogenic Effects of Aqueous Extract of Lavandula angustifolia on BALB/c Female Mouse's Embryos in the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Days of Gestation
Z. Sarhadi P. Torabzadeh M. RamezaniLavender has numerous effects such as analgesic, antidepressant, hypoglycemic, sedative and antioxidant properties and causes menstruation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the teratogenic effects of aqueous extract of Lavandula angustifolia on the develo MoreLavender has numerous effects such as analgesic, antidepressant, hypoglycemic, sedative and antioxidant properties and causes menstruation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the teratogenic effects of aqueous extract of Lavandula angustifolia on the development of BALB/c female mouse's embryos in the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th days of gestation. In this study, 60 adult female mice, weighing 26-28g, were randomly divided into 6 groups of 10 samples each (n = 10) including the control and the sham groups and four experimental groups, after copulation and observation of vaginal plaque, and Lavender aqueous extract was injected intraperitoneally in the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th days of gestation with the dose of 15 mg/kg mouse weight. Mice were anesthetized on day 16 of gestation. After dissection, the embryos were morphologically examined and the relevant histograms and charts were prepared. The results were assessed by using SPSS 23 software and one-way ANOVA test and Tukey test. The test significance levels were considered as p < 0.001 and p < 0.05. In the study, severe abnormalities including limb displacement from symmetry axis, encephalocele and no brain development, scoliosis, hemorrhage, spinal cord protrusion, eye protrusion, lack of limb, ear and eye development and exohepatic development was observed in embryos while the control and the sham groups had no abnormalities. The rate of limb displacement from symmetry axis and hemorrhage in the experimental group No. 4 were 100% and 96%, respectively, and in the experimental group No. 3, the hemorrhage abnormality was 70% and in the experimental group No. 2, limb displacement from symmetry axis was 55%. The results indicated that the aqueous extract of Lavender can cause abnormalities in mouse embryos due to its linalool composition, thus it is not recommended for use during pregnancy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
386 - Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Trachyspermum copticum on Anxiety in Male Rats
Z. Mohammadi Manesh Nasrin HeidariehAnxiety is a common disorder of unknown origin is associated with an unpleasant feeling. According to the anxiolytic effects TC traditional medicine, Trachyspermum copticum effect on anxiety male Wistar rats was investigated. T. copticum seed after detection by the univ MoreAnxiety is a common disorder of unknown origin is associated with an unpleasant feeling. According to the anxiolytic effects TC traditional medicine, Trachyspermum copticum effect on anxiety male Wistar rats was investigated. T. copticum seed after detection by the university herbarium, hydro-alcoholic extract was extracted by Soxhlet and the extract powder was prepared using smart legitimate. Male Wistar rats (230 ± 20 gr) were placed. In groups intact, recipient of the DMSO (solvent extraction) (0.3 ml), received extract in different doses of 50, 25, 15 mg/kg. All injections were performed intraperitoneally. Half an hour after injection, anxiety was measured using the elevated plus maze. Indicators of anxiety for 5 min, including time spent and number of entries into the open arm was recorded. Data were analyzed by ANOVA statistical tests and Tukey test. The group receiving the extract solvent (DMSO) compared to intact in time spent and number of entries into the open arm did not show a significant difference. The group receiving a dose of 15 mg/kg compared to the group receiving DMSO in time spent and number of entries into the open arm showed a significant increase. T. copticum hydroalcoholic extract has anxiolytic effects in low doses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
387 - بررسی اثر پارامترهای مواد و فرایند بر استحکام کششی قطعات قالبگیری تزریقی تولیدشده از لاستیک بازیافتی و پلیپروپیلن
مهدی بزرگی طاهر ازدست عبدالمحمد رضاونددر این مقاله به بررسی تأثیر درصد وزنی مواد اولیه، دمای مذاب و فشار تزریق بر استحکام کششی کوپلیمر پلی پروپیلن- پودر تایر بازیافتی در فرایند قالبگیری تزریق پرداخته شده است. عامل پیوند دهنده عرضی مالئیک آنیدرید به میزان 5 درصد وزنی، درجه حرارت مذاب180،200 و220 درجه سانتیگر Moreدر این مقاله به بررسی تأثیر درصد وزنی مواد اولیه، دمای مذاب و فشار تزریق بر استحکام کششی کوپلیمر پلی پروپیلن- پودر تایر بازیافتی در فرایند قالبگیری تزریق پرداخته شده است. عامل پیوند دهنده عرضی مالئیک آنیدرید به میزان 5 درصد وزنی، درجه حرارت مذاب180،200 و220 درجه سانتیگراد و فشار تززریق 600،400 و800 بار در نظر گرفته شده و هر آزمایش برای حصول اطمینان سه مرتبه تکرار شده است. خواص مکانیکی نمونه­ها برای آزمایش کشش براساس استاندارد ASTM D638-02 بوده است. نتایج نشان می­دهد که با افزایش مقدار پودر تایر بازیافتی مقاومت کششی نمونه­ها بطور چشمگیری کاهش مییابد. همچنین افزایش فشار تزریق و دمای مذاب، افزایش استحکام کششی را بهدنبال دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
388 - The Interactive effect of 12 weeks of aerobic training and the intake of multivitamin minerals supplementation on indicators of male pulmonary function in the expose of urban polluted air
Saber Rezanejad Mehdi Kargarfard Akram Khani Rozveh -
Open Access Article
389 - The Effect of Mindfulness and Pilates on Female Sexual Function
Farzaneh Salahshor Dashtmal Rokhsareh BadamiBackground: sexual dysfunction is common amongst women and is considered one of the important causes of divorce. The current research aims to investigate the effect of mindfulness and Pilates exercises on the amount of female sexual function. The current research is a s MoreBackground: sexual dysfunction is common amongst women and is considered one of the important causes of divorce. The current research aims to investigate the effect of mindfulness and Pilates exercises on the amount of female sexual function. The current research is a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design.Methods: The current research participants consisted of 44 married women (mean age = 35.8 ± 5.1 years) with sexual dysfunction. They were selected as samples using the convenience sampling method. They were matched and divided into four groups: mindfulness, Pilates, combined exercises (mindfulness-Pilates), and control groups. Mindfulness and combined groups participated in mindfulness interventions for eight sessions (8 weeks, 1 session per week) and Pilates and combined groups performed Pilates exercises for 24 sessions (8 weeks, 3 sessions per week). During this period, the participants assigned to the no-intervention control group did their daily activities. Before and after intervention, data were collected using the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire.Results: Results from covariance analysis showed all three types of interventions have led to sexual function increase. However, combined exercises were more effective than the other two interventions.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Pilates and mindfulness exercises may improve sexual function in women with sexual dysfunction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
390 - A Cognitive Study of the Instrumental View Towards Women in Russian and Greek Linguistic Communities
Hamed Akbarpour Ali Alizadeh Shahla SharifiThe purpose of this study is to study and cognitively compare the cultural distance between the two non-adjacent language communities of Russia and Greece in terms of instrumental view towards women from the perspective of cultural linguistics. For this purpose, 330 com MoreThe purpose of this study is to study and cognitively compare the cultural distance between the two non-adjacent language communities of Russia and Greece in terms of instrumental view towards women from the perspective of cultural linguistics. For this purpose, 330 common tool-words in the comprehensive German list were equated into these two languages and then the frequency of feminine grammatical gender in them was extracted as an indicator in the theoretical framework of the research. The results of the Chi-square test with a significance level of 0.416 show that the difference between the two frequencies is not significant but still exists and the feminine grammatical gender in Greek tool-words is more than Russian. The insignificance of this difference can be found in the cultural convergence based on common religious foundations, the spread of Greek cultural conceptualizations to Russia, the commonalities of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and the proximity of basic human values. On the basis of this study, the instrumental view towards women among Russians is less than the Greek. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
391 - Effectiveness of Positivity Training and Religious Coping Skills on Resilience, of Tehran Students
mohsen mohammad karimi Siavash talepasand Ishaq Rahimian BogarAdolescence with the special risks of puberty and social crises is a fertile ground for the emergence or exacerbation of psychological problems; Since this period is a critical and crucial stage, the use of educational and therapeutic approaches to increase the level of MoreAdolescence with the special risks of puberty and social crises is a fertile ground for the emergence or exacerbation of psychological problems; Since this period is a critical and crucial stage, the use of educational and therapeutic approaches to increase the level of awareness of this period is of particular importance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positivity training and religious coping strategies on resilience in students in Tehran. For this purpose, among the statistical population of the study, which were all 11th grade female students in Tehran, using software from Gpower software and taking into account the risk of type 1 error at the level of 5%, test power 0.8, effect size 0.26, 21 people were selected for each group and randomly assigned to three experimental and control groups. The instrument used in the present study was Connor and Davidson (2003) Resilience Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS-23 software. The results showed that the two groups of positive thinking skills and religious coping in the pre-test stage were not significantly different from the control group and also from each other (p <0.05). In the post-test stage and also the follow-up, there is a significant difference between the control group and the group of positive thinking skills (p <0.001) and religious coping skills (p <0.001), which shows the effect of positive thinking skills and religious coping training on post-test resilience, respectively. It is equal to 70.6 and 58.8%. Also, the effect of two methods of positive thinking skills and religious coping in the follow-up stage was 7.2% and 63.7%, respectively. Also, the results have shown that the difference between the two groups of positivity and religious coping skills was significant in the post-test phase and this difference was estimated to be 11.1 percent (p=0.008). This means that the positivity strategy has increased the resilience of teenagers more compared to the religious coping strategy. Therefore, the above method can be used as an effective intervention method in increasing the productivity of female adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
392 - Predicting the Risk of Injury in Athletes Based on Two Factors of Injury History and Functional Movement Screening Test Score
nadjmeh afhami reza siamaki najmeh sadeghiMovement patterns disorders can lead to injury, although can result from athletes'' injuries and the absence of proper rehabilitation. Studies on risk factors are necessary to prevent sports injuries. The present study aimed to predict predisposed athletes according to MoreMovement patterns disorders can lead to injury, although can result from athletes'' injuries and the absence of proper rehabilitation. Studies on risk factors are necessary to prevent sports injuries. The present study aimed to predict predisposed athletes according to injury history and functional movement screen test (FMS). Twenty-seven professional female athletes (15 handball and 12 futsal athletes aged 20.67±4.35 and 21/58±3/05 years old respectively) participated in this cross-sectional study. At first, the consent form and personal information were completed by the subjects, and their injury history was recorded according to the standard injury history form, and then they participated in the FMS test. Subsequently, athletes'' injuries were recorded during training and competition for a period of 6 months. Data were analyzed by Kappa, t-test, Fisher exact test, and Regression logistic with SPSS and alpha level set at α=0.05. The results of the study showed that the history of injury can significantly predict FMS test scores (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
393 - Comparison Study of the Effects of Six-week Resistance Training with Pyramid, Reverse Pyramid and Double Pyramid Loading Patterns on Some Physiological Indexes of Female Volleyball Players
marefat siahkohian محسن برغمدی سمیرا راهروزرگر مهدی ندایی کردکندیThe importance of resistance training in all sports has been proved by pervious researches. The purpose of current study was to examine and compare the effects of pyramid, reverse pyramid, and double pyramid resistant training on maximum strength hypertrophy and a MoreThe importance of resistance training in all sports has been proved by pervious researches. The purpose of current study was to examine and compare the effects of pyramid, reverse pyramid, and double pyramid resistant training on maximum strength hypertrophy and anthropometric factors of female volleyball players. To reach this aim, 22 players from Ardabil under 16 years old team, were selected non-randomly and then assigned into four groups: control group (15.28±1.17years old, 59.08±14.83 kg), a resistance training with pyramid loading pattern (15.13±0.67 years old, 56.01±5.16 kg), a reverse pyramid (15.1±1.85 years old, 54.95±8.7 Kg), and a double pyramid (15.44±0.96 years old, 56/72±5/25 Kg). Subjects of experimental groups took part in resistance training programs for 6 weeks. Maximum strength (1RM), percentage of subcutaneous fat, muscle cross-sectional area, and BMI were measured prior and after the experiment. The findings indicated significance increase in 1RM of all three experimental groups after six weeks (p≤ o. o5). According to post-hoc test, the variation was significance and the most variation belonged to double pyramid, reverse pyramid and pyramid group respectively (p≤ 0.05). Finally, there weren’t any significant change in average variation of arms muscular cross-sectional area and the percentage of subcutaneous fat between groups. The results showed that pyramid loading pattern is more effective in improving maximum strength in comparison with pyramid pattern. It seems that the increase in 1RM has to do with neural mechanisms, because no change was observed in anthropometric factors and muscle cross-sectional area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
394 - The Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Exercise with L-Arginine Supplementation on MMP-9, TIMP-2 Overweight Women
fatemeh ghasemi bahram abediThe current study was to examine the effect of eight weeks aerobic training with L argenine supplement consumption on MMP-9, TIMP-2 in overweight women. In semi experimental study with pre-post phases, 60 overweight women with age range 20-30 years old selected and thos MoreThe current study was to examine the effect of eight weeks aerobic training with L argenine supplement consumption on MMP-9, TIMP-2 in overweight women. In semi experimental study with pre-post phases, 60 overweight women with age range 20-30 years old selected and those located in 4 groups: aerobic training, L argenine supplement consumption, aerobic training with L argenine supplement consumption and placebo. Blood sampling collected in pretest phase (48 hours before physical activity and supplement consumption) and post test phase (48 hours after physical activity and supplement consumption). The training protocol consisted of 8 weeks of aerobic training, which was held three sessions per week. Participants in two groups of daily 1g of L argentine supplement. Participants in the placebo group also received a placebo from dextrin. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measures. The results showed that aerobic training, L argenine supplement consumption and aerobic training along with L argenine supplement consumption significantly increase MMP-9 and significantly reduce TIMP-2 in overweight women. Other results showed a greater effect size of aerobic training with L argenine supplement consumption compared to aerobic training and L argenine supplement consumption alone in increase MMP-9 and reduce TIMP-2. In general, along with aerobic exercise, taking L-arginine supplements (probably) can further stimulate the angiogenesis process in overweight women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
395 - Presenting a Model to Stimulate Demand for Sports in Iranian Society
fatemeh ghavami Rasool Nazari reza shajieAbstractMovement patterns disorders can lead to injury, although can result from athletes' injuries and the absence of proper rehabilitation. Studies on risk factors are necessary to prevent sports injuries. The present study aimed to predict predisposed athletes accord MoreAbstractMovement patterns disorders can lead to injury, although can result from athletes' injuries and the absence of proper rehabilitation. Studies on risk factors are necessary to prevent sports injuries. The present study aimed to predict predisposed athletes according to injury history and functional movement screen test (FMS). Twenty-seven professional female athletes (15 handball and 12 futsal athletes aged 20.67±4.35 and 21/58±3/05 years old respectively) participated in this cross-sectional study. At first, the consent form and personal information were completed by the subjects, and their injury history was recorded according to the standard injury history form, and then they participated in the FMS test. Subsequently, athletes' injuries were recorded during training and competition for a period of 6 months. Data were analyzed by Kappa, t-test, Fisher exact test, and Regression logistic with SPSS and alpha level set at α=0.05. The results of the study showed that the history of injury can significantly predict FMS test scores (P <0.05). In addition, athletes with a history of injury are more predisposed to injury. Athletes with a history of injury and FMS scores less than 17 were more 4 times predispose to sports injury than athletes with FMS scores above 17. Coaches, athletic trainers, therapists, and sports rehabilitators can design an accurate and effective injury prevention model by taking an injury history and performing FMS in line with other pre-season participation examinations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
396 - The Effect of Core Muscles’ Fatigue on Agility in Female Athletes
sohila minaei aliakbar jadidiyanFatigue is a common phenomenon during sports activities affecting athletic performance. Core muscle actions can affect performance of the whole body and extremities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of core muscle fatigue on female athletes’ agi MoreFatigue is a common phenomenon during sports activities affecting athletic performance. Core muscle actions can affect performance of the whole body and extremities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of core muscle fatigue on female athletes’ agility. 30 healthy female students, active in sports teams, accomplished Illinois, 505 and T agility tests on two sessions. The first was held before and the second after the fatigue protocol. Within group comparisons were determined with paired t test. The results showed that core muscles fatigue can lead to significant reduction in agility tests scores (p < 0/05). Further, Cohen’s effect size value of T (d=0/673), 505 (d=1/925) and Illinois (d=1/873) agility tests suggested a moderate, and high to very high practical significance. According to the results, it is recommended to perform functional exercises simulated to sport activities; including agility and core stability exercises to prevent fatigue and injury. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
397 - The Effect of a Period of CrossFit Training on Anthropometric Indices, Aerobic Power and Time to Exhaustion in Female Futsal Players
maleiheh fazelan niko khosravi fahimeh kazemiCrossFit is one of the growing high-intensity functional training modes. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a CrossFit training on anthropometric indices, aerobic power and time to exhaustion in female futsal players. Twenty-four female futs MoreCrossFit is one of the growing high-intensity functional training modes. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a CrossFit training on anthropometric indices, aerobic power and time to exhaustion in female futsal players. Twenty-four female futsal players with mean age of 20 ± 2 years and mean weight of 56.12 ± 6.86 kg were randomly divided into two groups of exercise (n=12) and control (n=12). Subjects performed the tests including Bruce's test, composition assessment two days before and after the training. The training group performed CrossFit training for four weeks, two days per week and 35-40 minutes per session, and the control group performed only their daily activities during this period. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-test and independent t-test at the significant level of P<0.05. The results of paired sample t-test showed that there was no significant difference between body weight, BMI, %BF, WHR, BFM, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and time to exhaustion in control and training groups in pre- and post-test. Also, the results of independent sample t-test showed that there was no significant difference between above mentioned variables in control and training groups after 4 weeks. In conclusion, according to the findings of this study, CrossFit training for 4 weeks, two days a week had no effect on improving anthropometric indices, aerobic power and time to exhaustion in female futsal players. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
398 - Investigating the Effect of Sports Massage on the Proprioception of the Shoulder Joint of Disabled Female Basketball Players
Rozita Nourbakhsh nader rahnama yahya sokhangoyeiThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sports massage on the proprioception of the shoulder joint of disabled female basketball players. In this quasi-experiment research, 30 disabled female basketball players who were playing in wheelchair basketball te MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sports massage on the proprioception of the shoulder joint of disabled female basketball players. In this quasi-experiment research, 30 disabled female basketball players who were playing in wheelchair basketball teams of Tehran were selected using convenient and volunteering method based on demographic information then assigned randomly into two test and control groups. The shoulder joint of dominant hand of members in test group had massage for 8 days (one 10-minute massage each day). Joint position sense of respondents measured and compared at first and end of study with angles 0, 45 and 90 degree using Biodex System 3 Model of Isokinetic Device. Findings showed a significant change in position sense of test group members after having massage (P<0.05). Results indicated that 8 sessions of exercise massage had positive effect on shoulder joint position sense of female disabled basketball players. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
399 - Validation of Lateral Pair Jump and RAST tests and its relation with body mass index in non-athlete female
nazanin abdollahzadeh سعید صداقتیThe main goal of this research is to validate the lateral pair jump test with the RAST test and its relationship with BMI of non-athlete female students. The type of this research is practical in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in strategy, and it was carried out MoreThe main goal of this research is to validate the lateral pair jump test with the RAST test and its relationship with BMI of non-athlete female students. The type of this research is practical in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in strategy, and it was carried out by field method. The population of this research includes all non-athletic female students of Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, and the statistical sample includes 30 of the aforementioned students. which were selected randomly from non-athlete female students (students who attended general physical education classes and did not have any sports history). To collect data from the RAST anaerobic power tests and lateral pair jump as well as BMI Students have been used. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to determine the normality of the data distribution and the Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to determine the relationship between the variables. The results showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between the minimum, maximum and average power of the lateral pair jump test with the RAST test in non-athlete female students, but there is no significant relationship between the fatigue index of the two tests. There is an inverse and statistically significant relationship between the minimum, maximum and average power of the lateral pair jump test with the BMI of non-athletic female students, and there is a direct and statistically significant relationship between the fatigue index of the lateral pair jump test and the BMI of non-athletic female students. There is an inverse and statistically significant relationship between the minimum, maximum and average power of the RAST test and the BMI of non-athletic female students, and there is a direct and statistically significant relationship between the fatigue index of the RAST test and the BMI of non-athletic female students (α = 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
400 - Investigating the relationship of principals' cultural intelligence and performance in the public high schools of Tehran
robab mollaie Mohammad Mirkamali Javad PoorkarimiIn consideration of it's circumstance in multi-cultural environments such as schools. This research fulfilled with purpose of surveying the relation between cultural intelligence and performance of female public schools in Tehran city. The method of this research has be MoreIn consideration of it's circumstance in multi-cultural environments such as schools. This research fulfilled with purpose of surveying the relation between cultural intelligence and performance of female public schools in Tehran city. The method of this research has been descriptive in manner of correlation. The statistical population of this research were 317 managers of female public high schools in Tehran city that achieve with Cochran formula and with relative class, sample of 100 people were chosen. For gathering data from Ang. Et al (2003) cultural intelligence questionnaire with alpha factor:0.91. for data analysis used descriptive statistic and Kalmogeraf Esmirnof statistic exams with Pearson correlation factor , T-Tak sample. The results of T-Tak sample exams indicate that cultural intelligence and manager's performance were higher average.cultural intelligence and manager's performance n have had positive and meaningful relation with Pearson correlation factor 0.37 and in level of 0.01. in addition, among cultural intelligence dimensions, dimensions of motivates , ultra-cognitive and behavioral dimensions have had positive correlation with performance but there wasn't any meaningful relation between cultural intelligence cognition dimension and performance. ANOVA results showed that managers with work experience in different cultural intelligence, with significant differences (041/0), but the cultural intelligence of managers with respect to age, educational level, there was no significant difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
401 - socioeconomic factors that influence social health of female headed households supported by Tehran welfare organization
Bagher Saroukhani Fatemeh Mahdipour AzarAbstract Among of Underprivileged strata of society in contemporary of our country, women are head of households. Female-headed households are women that should solely take the burdens of life of economic and welfare dimensions and in the same time also have particular MoreAbstract Among of Underprivileged strata of society in contemporary of our country, women are head of households. Female-headed households are women that should solely take the burdens of life of economic and welfare dimensions and in the same time also have particular attention to their children's social, educational, cultural and breeding issues. Current research performed with the aim of reviewing effective economic and social factors of social health of female-headed household under covering of the welfare organization of Tehran and also offers solutions in order to reduce and or solve them. Method of this research performed descriptive and correlation analysis by survey method.T he statistical society of this research was the entire female-headed households under cover of the welfare organization of Tehran over 5500 people. According to accomplished calculation gained in the Cochran formula, the sample size, number of 200 people. Sampling method in this research is by multi-stage cluster method and used two Questionnaires in order to collecting information. The statistical methods would be come to pass in this proposal proportional with used scales in measurement tool and proportional with considered hypotheses type. Some of them are Pearson Correlation Coefficient in order to measuring relation of variables, means comparison test for difference theory, Regression and analysis of direction path in order to determining direct and indirect relation of dependent and independent variables that all of the above methods will perform through spss software. Findings from the research is indicative of that factors such as age, type of ability and skills, satisfaction of received services from welfare organization with the possibility more than 99% with the social health of female-headed households are related. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
402 - socioeconomic factors that influence social health of female headed households supported by Tehran welfare organization
Sara Avarzabani َAli MalekpourAbstract Among of Underprivileged strata of society in contemporary of our country, women are head of households. Female-headed households are women that should solely take the burdens of life of economic and welfare dimensions and in the same time also have particular MoreAbstract Among of Underprivileged strata of society in contemporary of our country, women are head of households. Female-headed households are women that should solely take the burdens of life of economic and welfare dimensions and in the same time also have particular attention to their children's social, educational, cultural and breeding issues. Current research performed with the aim of reviewing effective economic and social factors of social health of female-headed household under covering of the welfare organization of Tehran and also offers solutions in order to reduce and or solve them. Method of this research performed descriptive and correlation analysis by survey method.T he statistical society of this research was the entire female-headed households under cover of the welfare organization of Tehran over 5500 people. According to accomplished calculation gained in the Cochran formula, the sample size, number of 200 people. Sampling method in this research is by multi-stage cluster method and used two Questionnaires in order to collecting information. The statistical methods would be come to pass in this proposal proportional with used scales in measurement tool and proportional with considered hypotheses type. Some of them are Pearson Correlation Coefficient in order to measuring relation of variables, means comparison test for difference theory, Regression and analysis of direction path in order to determining direct and indirect relation of dependent and independent variables that all of the above methods will perform through spss software. Findings from the research is indicative of that factors such as age, type of ability and skills, satisfaction of received services from welfare organization with the possibility more than 99% with the social health of female-headed households are related. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
403 - The relationship between entrepreneurship education and social capital of women headed by the welfare state of alborz province In 1396
Farideh Talebi Masoumeh ReshadThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurship education and social capital of female headed households under the well-being of Alborz province. The method of this research has been quasi-experimental. The statistical society in t MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurship education and social capital of female headed households under the well-being of Alborz province. The method of this research has been quasi-experimental. The statistical society in this research was selected from 1257 cases of rehabilitation of women headed by households under the welfare of Alborz province in 1395. 120 samples were selected randomly from the social capital of Nahapit and Goshall and entrepreneurship questionnaires from a t-test on spss software on subjects.Sub-goals based on -The recognition of the relationship between entrepreneurial education and the subsequent structural capital of social capital (expansion of the social network, increasing social relations). -The recognition of the relationship between post-graduate entrepreneurial education and social capital (increased cooperation, promotion of values). -The recognition of the relationship between entrepreneurship education and the social dimension of social capital (increasing mutual understanding, increasing trust, increasingcommitment). The results of this study, with regard to the level of significance achieved, can be said that entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on social capital among female headed households under well-being. According to the significance level achieved, which is 0.024 and less than 0.05 , Therefore, it can be said that entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on social capital among female headed households covered by well-being. The comparison of the average social capital before and after the training shows that the holding of these courses has increased the social capital of these people. Also, entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on the social dimension (structural, cognitive, and communicative) of women under the supervision of well-being households. The comparison of the mean (structural, cognitive, and communicational) dimension of social capital before and after the course shows that the subsequent courses (structural, cognitive, and communicative) have increased the social capital of these individuals Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
404 - The influence of predicting academic performance of high school students first
Soumayeh Bakhshi parikhani Sadegh Hamedi NasabAbstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of predicting academic performance of high school students first. The method used in this research is descriptive and correlational. The study population included all high school female student MoreAbstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of predicting academic performance of high school students first. The method used in this research is descriptive and correlational. The study population included all high school female students in the academic year 1395-1394 the city Meshgin is studying. Multistage cluster sampling of 421 students were chosen girl. To collect data for this study from a test of mathematics achievement of first-choice school were used. In order to analyze the collected data, the descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics, methods of statistical correlation and t-test was used. For analysis software SPSS, BILOG was used. The results showed that the test instructions and Btb scoring methods according to the amount of C parameter estimation, and this effect is significant. Low levels of ability (3 to 5/1) the performance of students in the first run (without guessing) compared to the second run (with guess), but is better in the middle and upper levels will be able to see the result. The validity of test scores (25/0 low) and lower levels (25/0 high) better estimation of ability in the first run (without guessing) in the second run (with guess) is Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
405 - Analysis of the lack of female genocide in Fedowsi's Shahnameh Based on the position of women in Iranian Myths
zahra jamshidi seyedmohamad artaReflection on absence of female genocide inFedowsi's ShahnamehAbstractOne of the most and important wonderful epic themes is genocide theme in the mysteries of nations, in the other words, it is archetype of same blood relatives .There are so manyand so much examples of MoreReflection on absence of female genocide inFedowsi's ShahnamehAbstractOne of the most and important wonderful epic themes is genocide theme in the mysteries of nations, in the other words, it is archetype of same blood relatives .There are so manyand so much examples of parricide, matricide, fratricide, but there is no exampleand model of matricide, sister - cide, or girl - cide in Iranian and persion mysteries. Herewith, there are different reasons including; the power of Iranian godd esses, their religious penetration in the hearts of ancient, Iranian as well as the innocent position of women like the earthy goddesses, the matriarchal government in Ariaan tribes, the roles of women in agriculture, the purity of earth, the role of women in generation,…etc. The methodology is analytical, historical, scientific due to the evidences of Iranian mysteries, as well as Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh.Keywords: Myth, Epic, Shahnameh, Female Genocide, Female co-worker. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
406 - A comparative study of the characterization of women in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and the stories of the Holy Quran
Sayyed Amir Sayyed Jafari Sayyed Mohammad HoseiniThe characterization of Iranian women in stories, poems, and plays is only everlasting when it is taken from the Iranian-Islamic culture. In this regard, this research seeks to answer the question of what themes and elements have been used in the characterization of wom MoreThe characterization of Iranian women in stories, poems, and plays is only everlasting when it is taken from the Iranian-Islamic culture. In this regard, this research seeks to answer the question of what themes and elements have been used in the characterization of women in the stories of the Holy Quran and the stories of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. So, by applying the comparative approach and the descriptive-analytical method, it has been concluded that the personality of women is divided into two categories of benevolent and malevolent women. A benevolent woman is spiritual and insists on following customs and traditions, and she emphasizes on the importance of the family institution, especially the role of the husband and father in the family whereas, a malevolent woman is only concentrated on the materialistic aspects and thereby is not committed to the institution of family, rites and traditions. Finally, the characterization of women in the aforementioned texts are discussed based on the dual themes of materialism and spirituality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
407 - Analysis of Female Character in the play “Pardeh khaneh” written by Bahram Bayzaii
Kavous Hassan Lee Shahin HaghighiThe play Pardeh Khaneh, is a dramatic work written by Bahram Bayzaii, in which woman plays a pivotal role. The play talks about the life of women who have been captivated under a harsh, dictator regime. In this work apart from analyzing some characteristic f MoreThe play Pardeh Khaneh, is a dramatic work written by Bahram Bayzaii, in which woman plays a pivotal role. The play talks about the life of women who have been captivated under a harsh, dictator regime. In this work apart from analyzing some characteristic features of women in a male-dominated system, the different roles of women in such systems are highlighted. Despite widespread attempts of male-dominated system to metamorphose the identity of women, killing their thoughts, and rob their body and soul, women in the light of consciousness, wisdom and tactfulness, could gain victory over this system and regain freedom and other rights denied them for so long. Also this play lends itself easily to interpretations; woman in this play not only plays her real natural role in a male-dominated regime, but also borrows many tactics from Anahita, the mythical Goddess. In this article, attempt is made to analyze and investigate the role, position, actions, and reactions of women in such system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
408 - It is only the Sound that remains
Rafât Hadgi zadehSince the very beginning of the first edition of her poetry collection in 1331, till the end of her thirty two years of life in 1345, Farokhzad wrote poetry with her own style of expression and language. With her particular use of diction, and unique imagery, she MoreSince the very beginning of the first edition of her poetry collection in 1331, till the end of her thirty two years of life in 1345, Farokhzad wrote poetry with her own style of expression and language. With her particular use of diction, and unique imagery, she could depict a different world in an old- fashioned, male-oriented society which dominated the Persian Literature. A look upon the history of Persian Literature reveals that one seldom encounters conservative writings of women commenting on the traditional restrictions with no rights to express their views since the old conventional system regarded man as strong, logical, ruler, and speaker, yet woman as obedient, illogical, and silent. The symbol of a good woman was “an angel in the house” submissive, and patient who totally sacrificed herself at home. In this poem, Farokhzad finds empty the place of creative, thinking women in the domain of Art and Culture, and with such claim as “why should I stop” begins her struggle. Obviously such male- oriented society at that time could not accept such non-conventional ways, norm violated language, bold expressions, and truthful diction coming from a woman but Forough, the Iranian woman created a new atmosphere where she could resist the conventional traditions of society and fight for expressing her independent identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
409 - The concept of management and leadership in Islam according to Nahj al-Balaghe
Mehdi MahooziThe purpose of this article is to explain management and leadership in Islam according to Nahj al-Balaghe. Moreover the responsibility of governors in governing the society and their manner of conduct towards different social groups with particular emphasis on Ima MoreThe purpose of this article is to explain management and leadership in Islam according to Nahj al-Balaghe. Moreover the responsibility of governors in governing the society and their manner of conduct towards different social groups with particular emphasis on Imam Ali’s recommendation to Malek Ashtar have been analyzed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
410 - The Mediating Role of Adaptive and Maladaptive Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies on Perfectionism and Symptoms of Binge Eating Disorder in Female College Students
mina soltani batol salehi malek bastami katuliEating disorders are among the most harmful psychiatric disorders, associated with important medical and psychological illnesses that cause significant personal, family, and social costs. The aim of the present study was to determine the mediating role of adaptive and m MoreEating disorders are among the most harmful psychiatric disorders, associated with important medical and psychological illnesses that cause significant personal, family, and social costs. The aim of the present study was to determine the mediating role of adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies on perfectionism and symptoms of binge eating disorder in female college students. In this respect, a descriptive-correlational study was performed and 214 female college students in Isfahan city were selected through the convenience sampling method and investigated in terms of perfectionism, cognitive emotion regulation, and binge eating. The results of the path analysis indicated that the research model was appropriate. It was also shown that the direct path of the perfectionism variable was not significant to the variable of binge eating disorder symptoms (β = 0.016, T = 0.218), but this variable was able to affect the symptoms of binge eating disorder through the mediating variable of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (β = 0.166, P = 0.001). Based on the results of the present study, it is suggested to consider the mediating role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between perfectionism and symptoms of binge eating disorder and therapists need to incorporate this component in their therapeutic application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
411 - The Effect of Massage with Cavitation and Green Coffee on Leptin and ATGL Enzyme in Sedentary Obese Females
Samaneh Zare Javad Ramezani Somayeh KhosravanianThe prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing in worldwide. Obesity is the root cause of many diseases, including chronic diseases such as diabetes, fatty liver, and cardiovascular diseases. Overweight and obesity is a complex process that is influenced by soci MoreThe prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing in worldwide. Obesity is the root cause of many diseases, including chronic diseases such as diabetes, fatty liver, and cardiovascular diseases. Overweight and obesity is a complex process that is influenced by social, cultural, behavioral, physiological, genetic and epigenetic factors. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the effect of 8 weeks of massage with cavitation device and green coffee supplement consumption on leptin hormone and ATGL enzyme levels in obese women. Sixty obese women with age range (20-35 years) and average body mass index (32 kg/m2) participated voluntarily in this research. Subjects were randomly divided into equal four groups; control group, cavitation massage group, green coffee supplement group, and cavitation massage with green coffee supplement groop (N= 4*15). Green coffee capsules with a dose of 200 mg were used. Training groups were massaged with a cavitation device for eight weeks, five sessions a week and according to the massage program. At the beginning of the study, fasting blood sampling was done from all groups. The sample was centrifuged at 4000 rpm for about 20 minutes, and after, the serum was prepared, the samples were immediately frozen at -70°C until the time of testing. The leptin hormone and ATGL enzyme levels of the subjects were measured by ELISA laboratory method, and at the end of eight weeks, blood sampling was done again with the same conditions as before, and the leptin hormone and ATGL enzyme levels of the subjects were measured again. Two-way analysis of variance test at 95% confidence level were used to compare the data and investigate the effect of supplementation and massage. Based on the results of this research, 8 weeks of massage with cavitation device and green coffee supplement in all treatment groups caused a significant decrease in leptin hormone level and a significant increase in ATGL enzyme level in obese women (P<0.05). In the simultaneous intervention group, the most changes were observed in leptin hormone and ATGL enzyme levels (p=0.0001). Massage with a cavitation device and green coffee supplement each have an effect on the level of leptin hormone and ATGL enzyme, but according to the results, the intervention of these two has more effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
412 - Qualitative Study of the Attitudes of Female Youths and Adolescents Adherent to South Korean Entertainment Industry Products
Leila Ebrahimi Varzaneh Elham FathiThe present research was purposed to qualitatively study the female youths and adolescent’s attitude who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products. The statistical population subsumed the female youths and adolescents who were adherent to South Korea MoreThe present research was purposed to qualitatively study the female youths and adolescent’s attitude who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products. The statistical population subsumed the female youths and adolescents who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products in Tehran city. The sample until reaching theoretical saturation encompassed eleven female adolescents and youths aged 13 to 22 whom were selected via purposive sampling procedure. The research method was qualitative of contractual content analysis type and semi-structured interviews were used. The results of the research revealed that new media have become the cause of changes in identity building institutions and the media have changed the meaning-making factors of identity. The influence of the media in the formation of the identity and attitude of female youths and adolescents is significant in relation to the way their identity is influenced by the South Korean entertainment industry. Also, during exploratory interviews with the participants, 5 main themes and 24 sub-themes were extracted. The extracted themes included distance from the Iranian self and identity, critical attitude about the cultural, social, economic, and gender situation in Iran, idealism, imitation and feeling close to South Korean entertainment industry artists, lifestyle change, and group identity formation. The findings of this study could provide useful information to media policymakers, mental health professionals, and sociologists to be effective in forming the identity and attitude of young Iranian females. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
413 - Effects of aerobic exercise and spirulina supplementation on the lipid profile, and body’s functional variables, and composition in overweight women
Sahar Iravani Khosro Jalali Dehkordi Kamran TavakolBackground: Obesity leads to various chronic conditions and investigating its causative factors is of health and clinical and significance to humans. Doing physical exercises regularly and consuming proper diet are frequently recommended for achieving health benefits an MoreBackground: Obesity leads to various chronic conditions and investigating its causative factors is of health and clinical and significance to humans. Doing physical exercises regularly and consuming proper diet are frequently recommended for achieving health benefits and resolving the various complications of obesity. This study examined the question whether performing moderate intensity aerobic exercises combined with spirulina, a seaweed rich in probiotics and antioxidants, can improve the lipid profile, body composition and function in overweight women. Methods: We examined the associated variables linked to obesity in 20 volunteer women in a pre- and post-test design over eight weeks of intense aerobic exercises based on an established protocol, compared to the controls. We assessed cardiovascular endurance, and variables like lipid profile, weight, body mass index, and lean muscle mass in response to exercising plus spirulina consumption versus the controls. Results: The exercise combined with spirulina significantly reduced blood triglycerides and LDL while raising the HDL. The treatment significantly reduced the body weight, fat and BMI while increasing the muscle strength and Vo2max compared to those of the control group. Conclusions: Combining moderate intensity aerobic exercises with spirulina supplements significantly reduced the body weight, fat deposits, and BMI while increasing the muscle strength and Vo2max in overweight and obese women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
414 - The effect of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on some morphological qualities of hybrid rice parental line.
Amir Abbas moosavi mirkalaei Mohammad Zaman Noori Mortaza Sam Daliri Haydeh mehraiA factorial experiment based on completely randomized design was carried out to study the effect of Gibberellic acid on morphological qualities of hybrid rice parental lines in spring 2006. The study was done in a three hectares field in Amol. In this investigation, the MoreA factorial experiment based on completely randomized design was carried out to study the effect of Gibberellic acid on morphological qualities of hybrid rice parental lines in spring 2006. The study was done in a three hectares field in Amol. In this investigation, the male sterile line, IR58025A, accompanied by the male sterile line restoring, IR58025B, were planted in the proportion of 6:2 and 8:2. At blossom, flag leaf cut and GA3 hormone spraying with different viscosities were used as treatments. The results of variance analysis showed significant differences among different plots, and the two A and B parents. Comparison of means showed that flag leaf cut had a significant effect on the height of bushes and an important role in seed filling. Also with regards to seed filling, 150gm hormone per hectare was significantly more influential than 60 gm. This result proved the role of higher doses of hormone in seed filling. No differences were observed between planting proportions of 6:2 and 8:2. Manuscript profile
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