Predicting Social Adjustment and Social Desirability Based on Attachment Styles among Female 10-12 year-old Elementary Students in Tehran
Subject Areas : Educationalelham ghorbanian 1 , hadi mohammdlo 2 , mehdi khanbani 3 , mojtaba yousefi kia 4
1 - کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 - کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
3 - عضو هیأت علمی گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
4 - کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
Keywords: social adjustment, elementary school, attachment styles, female students, social desirability,
Abstract :
This study aimed at predicting social adjustment and social desirability based on attachment styles among 10-12 year-old elementary students. The research design was correlational. The population included all 10-12 year-old elementary school female students in Tehran in 1393. In so doing, 205 students were selected through multi-stage random cluster sampling. The instruments were Attachment Scale in Middle Childhood Questionnaire (Ronaghi & et al, 1392), Matson Evaluation of Social Skills (1983) and Social Acceptance Test (Ford & Robin, 1970) in children. Data were analyzed by simultaneous regression analysis. The results showed that attachment styles could predict social adjustment and social desirability of students significantly (P˂0.05), (P˂0.001).
Akgun, E., & Mellier, D. (2015). The Evaluation of Social Competence and Internalizing & Externalizing Problem Behaviors of French and Turkish Children by their Attachment Representations. Anthropologist, 20(1, 2), 13-21.
Allen, D., Timmer, S. G., & Urquzia. (2014). Parent- Child interaction therapy as an attachment- based intervention: Theoretical rationale and pilot date with adopted children. Children and Youth services review, 47, 334-341.
Bandura, A. (1999). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying thyoy of behavioral change. psychological Review, 84, 191-215.
Bergin, C., & Bergin, D. (2009). Attachment in the Classroom. Educational Psychology Review, 21, 141-170.
Bowlby, J. (1983). Attachment and loss. New York: basic books.
Cartledge, G., & Milburn, G. F. (1985). Teaching social skills to children. Mashhad: Astan Ghods Razavi.
Cassidy, J. (2008). The nature of the child’s ties. New York: Guilford Press.
Cassidy, J., & Shaver, P.R. (2008). Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications. New York: Guilford Press.
Cassidy, J., Jones, J., & Shaver, P.R. (2013). Contributions of attachment theory and research: A framework for future research, translation and policy. Development and Psychopathology, 25, 1415-1434.
Ekeh, P. U. (2012). Children's Attachment styles, Academic achievement and social competence at early childhood. An International Multidisciplinary Journal Ethiopia, 6(4), 335-348.
Freilich, R., & Shechtman, Z. (2010). The contribution of art therapy to the social, emotional, and academic Adjustment of children with learning disabilities. The Arts Psychotherapy, 37, 97–105.
Kobak, R. R., & Sceery, A. (1988). Attachment in late adolescence: Working models, affect regulation, and representations of self and others. Child Development, 59, 135-146.
Larose, S., & Boivin, M. (1998). Attachment to parents, social support expectations, and socioemotional adjustment during the high schoolcollege transition. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 8, 1–27.
Leary, M. L., & Hoyle, R. H. (2009). Handbook of individual differences in social behavior. Available from http://books.google.com.
Magnus, J., Viswesvaran, C.H., & Joseph, J. (2006). Social desirability: the role of over-claiming, self-esteem, and emotional intelligence. Psychology Science, 48(3), 336-356.
Matson, J.L., Esveldt-Dawson, K., & Kazdin, A.E. (1983). Validation of methods for assessing social skills in children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 12(2): 174-180.
Mikulincer, M. (1997). Adult attachment style and informati processing: Individual differences in curiosity and cognitive closure. Journal of personality and Social psychology, 72, 1217- 1230.
Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., & Pereg, D. (2003). Attachment theory and affect regulation: The dynamics, development, and cognitive consequences of attachment- related strategies. Motivation and Emotion, 27, 77-102.
Ragozzino, R. L. (2009). A study of social desirability and self-steam. 37th Annual wester pennsylvania undergraduated psychology conference.
Rice, K. G., & Mirzadeh, S. A. (2000). Perfectionism, attachment, and adjustment. Journal counseling psychology, 47(2), 238-250.
Rosenstain, D.S., & Horowitz, H. A. (1996). Adolescent attachment and psychopathology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 244-253.
Shroeder, C. S., & Gordon, B. N. (2005). Assessment and treatment of childhood problems: A clinician’s guide. Tehran: Danjeh.
Vanwagner, K. (2008). Attachment theory. Available online at: http://www.psychologyAbout. Com.
Vivona, J. (2000). Parental attachment styles of late adolescents: Qualities of attachment relationships and consequences for adjustment. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 316–329.